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NOTES  AND  QUERIESI 


iiletrium  ot  Jnter-Commuttuation 


LITERARY  MEN,   ARTISTS,   ANTIQUARIES, 
GENEALOGISTS,   ETC. 


When  found,  make  a  note  of." — Captain  Cuttle. 


SECOND    SEKIES.— VOLUME    SECOND. 


July — December,  1856. 


LONDON: 

BELL   &  DALDY,   186.   FLEET   STREET. 

1856. 


-d  S.  N"  27.,  July  5.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


LONDON,  SATURDAY.  JULY  5, 1866. 

OUR   NEW   VOLUME. 

Although  altogether  unwilling  to  occupy  with  the 
expression  of  our  own  feelings  the  space  which  we  would 
nore  gladly  see  filled  by  the  communications  of  our 
Friends,  we  cannot  resist  availing  ourselves  of  the  op- 
Dortunity  afforded  us  by  the  commencement  of  a  Volume 
;o  express  our  gratification  at  the  approval  which  has  at- 
tended the  step  of  beginning  A  New  Series,  and  the  no 
ess  general  satisfaction  with  which  the  Index  to  the 
First  Series  has  been  received.  We  are  glad,  too,  of 
;he  opportunity  which  it  presents  to  us  of  thanking  the 
lumerous  Friends  and  Contributors  to  "  Notes  and 
[Jueiues,"  for  their  continued  and  valuable  assistance. 


jfJotPS. 


SUrrEAGAN   BISHOPS. 


At.  the  present  time,  when  suffragan  bishops 
are  so  urgently  required  to  assist  the  overtasked 
bishops  of  England,  the  following  list,  taken  from 
my  complete,  but  unpublished  "  Book  of  the 
British  Hierarchy,"  may  prove  interesting.  Well 
would  it  be  if  bishops  in  bad  health,  or  incapable 
of  efficiently  administering  their  dioceses  from 
their  magnitude,  were  supplied  with  coadjutors. 
Churches  eminently  adapted  for  being  episcopal 
sees  are  in  every  diocese  :  Westminster  for  Lon* 
don,  Southwell  for  Lincoln,  St.  Germains  for 
Cornwall,  Bath  for  Bath  and  Wells,  Bristol  for 
Gloucester  and  Bristol,  St.  Alban's  for  Rochester, 
Beverley  for  York,  Middleham  for  Ripon,  Co- 
ventry for  Lichfield,  Bury  for  Norwich,  St. 
Neot's  for  Ely  ;  while  it  woidd  be  easy  to  suggest 
Romsey,  Dorchester,  Wrexham,  Shoreham,  Bre- 
con, Slirewsbury,  &c.,  for  the  remaining  sees. 

By  28  Henry  VIIL  c.  14.  the  following  suffra- 
gan sees  were  proposed  to  be  erected  ;■  Cambridge, 
Hull,  Berwick,  St.  Germains,  Thetford,  Ipswich, 
Grantham,  Huntingdon,  Southampton,  Guildford, 
Leicester,  Nottingham,  Shrewsbury,  Penrith,  Mol- 
ton,  Bridgwater,  Isle  of  Wight,  Colchester,  Lei- 
cester. The  following  five  were  suffragan  sees 
for  a  time  :  Taunton,  Shaftesbury,  Marlborough, 
Dover,  and  Bedford.  Gloucester,  Bristol,  Ox- 
ford, Peterborough,  and  Chester,  were  perma- 
nently erected.  Westminster  was  a  bishopric, 
1540-50. 

In  the  xxxvth  Canon  of  1603,  suffragans  are 
named  as  ministering  Holy  Orders.  And  in  King 
Charles  ll.'s  Declaration  from  Breda,  he  stated 
his  intention  to  found  suffragans  in  every  diocese. 

Formerly  suffrngans  were  consecrated  to  serve 
in  the  absence  of  the  diocesans  on  embassies,  at 
court,  or  attendance  on  civil  affairs.  Sometimes 
they  had  no  titles :  they  consecrated  and  recon- 


ciled churches,  administered  orders  and  confirma- 
tion. It  appears  from  Strype,  that  in  the  Primate's 
Hall,  they  occupied  an  inferior  place  at  table. 
An  Act  of  Parliament  was  passed  for  consecrating 
coadjutors  in  Ireland,  1812,  52  Geo.  III.  c.  62. 

Gamaliel,  Bishop  of  Sodor  and  Man,  1160.     (Lin- 
coln.) 
1043.  Siward,  Archbishop  of  Upsula.     (Canterbury.) 
1074.  Ralph,  consecrated  to  Orkney  by  the  Archbishop 
and  Bishops  of  Worcester  and  Lichfield.   (York.) 
1138.  Ralph  Howell,  Bishop  of  Orkney.    (York.) 
1191.  John,  Bishop  of  Whitherne.     (York.) 

Robert  Gobson.     (York.) 
1213.  Henrv  of  London,  Archbishop  of  Dublin.    (Lich- 
field.) 
1213.  Thomas,  Bishop  of  Down,  1213—1237.     (EIv.) 
1237.  Walter  de  Blakeley,  Bishop  of  Ossory,  1282—1244. 
(Lincoln.) 
William  Egmund,  an  Augustinian ;  Bishop  of  Pis- 
sinensis.     (Lincoln.) 
1240.  John.     (Canterbury.) 

1253.  Brendan,  Bishop  of  Ardferfc,  1237—1242.    (Lich- 
field.) 
1259.  John  de  Cheanjj  Bishop  of  Glasgow.    (Bath  and 

Wells.) 
1273.  Reginald,   Bishop  of  Cloyne,   1265—1274.     (Lin- 
coln.) 
1292.  Peter,  Archbishop  of  Lyons.     (Lincoln.) 
1306.  Gilbert,  Bishop  of  Aghadoe.     (Worcester.) 
1312.  John,  Bishop  of  Connor.     (Canterbury.) 

1323.  Roland,  Bishop  of  Angers.     (Canterbury.) 

1324.  Stephen  Segrave,  Archbishop  of  Armagh.    (Lich- 

field.) 

1325.  Robert  le  Petit,  Chancellor  of  Exeter.  (Exeter.) 
1331.  Peter,  Bishop  of  Corbona,  Hungary:  died  Jan.  19, 

1332 ;  buried  in  the  Franciscan  Priory,  London. 
(London.) 
Benedict,  Augustine  of  Norwich,  Archbishop  of 

Smyrna.     (Norwich.) 
Robert,  Bishop  of  Lamburgh.     (Bangor.) 
1348.  Hugh,  Archbishop  of  (Damestensis).     (York.) 
1340.  Thomas  de  Brackenbur}',  a  Franciscan,  Bishop  of 
Leighlin,  1349—1303.     (Ely.) 
John  Pascal,  Carmelite  of  Ipswich  ;  Bishop  of  Scu- 
tari; translated  to  LlandaflT.     (Norwich.) 
Robert    Hyntlesliam,   Bishop    of   (Sanascopolis). 
(Norwich.) 
1353.  William,  Bishop  of  Tusculum.     (Bath  and  Wells.) 
1355.  Thomas    Bedingfield,    Archbishop    of    Nazareth. 

(Norwich.) 
1382.  William  Bottlesham,  Bishop  of  Bethlehem ;  titular 
of  Raab,  in  Hungary ;  translated  to  Rochester. 
(Canterbury.) 
1387.  Simon,  Bishop  of  Achonry.    (Ely,  Winton.) 
1397.  Richard  Fitzralph,  Archbishop  of  Armagh.    (Lich- 
field.) 
1400.  Robert  Calder,  Bishop  of  Dunkeld.     (Winton.) 
1408.  Richard  Messing,  Bishop  of  Dromore,  1408-10 ;  a 
Carthusian.     (York.) 
John,   Bishop  of  Dromore,   1410—19:  died  1420. 

(York.) 
John,   Rector  of  Threxton,   1400;   Chancellor  of 
Norwich,  1399 ;  Archbishop  of  Smyrna.    (Nor- 
wich.) 
1411.  John  Francis,  Archbishop  of  Bourdeanx.  (Lincoln.) 
1416.  Oswald,  Bishop  of  Whitiierne.     (Durham.) 
14-22.  Joiin,    Bishop    of    Narenta    in    Dalmatia.     [Ste- 

phanensis.]     (Ely.) 
14?2.  John  Camere,  Bishop  of  Aghadoe.    (Worcester.) 
1424,  April  1.  Robert,  Bishop  of  Emly.    (Norwich.) 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"^  S.  N"  27.,  July  5.  '56. 


1426, 
1428. 
1441, 


1449, 
1452. 
1449, 


1478. 
1489. 
1490. 

1491. 


1491, 


1498. 
1500, 
1513. 


1513. 
1516. 


1518. 


Dec.  22.  Kobert,  Bishop  of  Aghadoe  [Gladensis]. 
(Norwich.) 

Nicholas  Wartre,  a  Franciscan,  Bishop  of  Dromore, 
1419—1427.     (York.) 
.  Sept.  10.  Thomas  RadclyfFe,  Bishop  of  Dromore, 
1440—1489.     (Durham.) 

David  Chirbury,  a  Carthusian,  Bishop  of  Dromore, 
1427—1434.    (St.  David's.) 

Thomas  Barret,  Bishop  of  Aghadoe.    (Lincoln.) 

John,  Bishop  of  Philippi.     (Durham.) 

Thomas  Scrope  Bolton,  Bishop  of  Down  or  Dro- 
more.    (Norwich.) 

John  Clederowe,  translated  to  Bangor,  1425.  (Can- 
terbury.) 

Edmund  Conisburgh,  Archbishop  of  Armagh,  1477, 
which  he  resigned  1480.     (Ely.) 

William  Egremont,  Bishop  of  Dromore,  1500 — 
1504.     (York.) 

Thomas  Vivian,  Prior  of  Bodmin,  Bishop  of  Me- 
gara ;  buried  at  Bodmin.  Arms,  Or,  between  3 
leopards'  faces,  gules ;  on  a  chevron,  az.  3  annu- 
lets, or :  on  a  chief  of  the  2nd,  3  martlets  of  the 
3rd.     (Exeter.) 

Thomas  Cornish,  Provost  of  Oriel  College,  Oxford, 
1493  ;  Rector  of  St.  Cuthbert's,  Wells ;  Axbridge, 
April  3,  1489;  Wokey;,Chew,  Oct.  8,  1505; 
Banwell ;  Clevesham,  March  15,  1502,  Master  of 
St.  John's  Hospital ;  Canon,  Oct.  8,  1494,  Chan- 
cellor, April  21, 1499,  Precentor,  Sept.  4,  1502,  of 
Wells;  he  died  July  3,  1513;  buried  at  Wells. 
He  was  Bishop  of  Tinia  in  Dalmatia.  Arms, 
Sable,  between  3  roses  gu.  a  chervon  arg.  (Bath 
and  Wells.) 

James  Blakedon,  Bishop  of  Achonrj',  1452 ;  trans- 
lated to  Bangor.    (Bath  and  Wells.) 

John  Bell,  Bishop  of  Mayo  [Merionensis].  (Can- 
terbury.) 

Richard,  educated  at  Oxford;  Dominican  of  War- 
wick ;  died  1502 ;  buried  in  Blackfriars,  Wor- 
cester; Bishop  of  (Olevensis)  in  Mauritania. 
(Worcester.) 

Philip  Pvnson,  a  Grey  Friar ;  educated  at  Oxford ; 
Archbishop  of  Tuam,  Dec.  1503—1506.  (Here- 
ford.) 

Richard  Martin,  Warden  of  Grey  Friars ;  Rector  of 
Lydde ;  and  Ickham.     (Canterbury.) 

Francis,  Archbishop  of  Constantinople.  (Bath  and 
Wells.) 

John  Young,  D.D.,  consecrated  July  3,  in  St.  Tho- 
mas D'acre  Hospital,  London,  by  the  Bishop  of 
London ;  born  at  Newton  Longueville ;  educated 
at  Winchester ;  Fellow,  1482;  Warden,  April  13, 
1521,  of  New  College,  Oxford ;  Rector  of  Carfax ; 
St.  Christopher  Stock,  Jan.  22,  1513,  St.  Magnus, 
London  Bridge,  March  30,  1514;  Master  of  St. 
Thomas'  Hospital,  Aug.  12,  1510;  Archdeacon 
of  London,  March  18,  1514;  Dean  of  Chichester ; 
Judge  of  the  Prerogative  Court,  1517  ;  Master  of 
the  Rolls;  he  died  March  28,  1526,  and  was 
buried  in  New  College  Chapel.  He  was  Bishop 
of  Calliopolis  in  Thrace.     (London.) 

Thomas  Woolf,  consecrated  Sept.  13,  to  Lacedae- 
mon ;  Vicar  of  East  Ham,  May  2,  1514.  (Lon- 
don.) 

John  Hatton,  of  York ;  educated  at  Oxford ;  Canon 
of  York,  Oct.  24,  1504;  Southwell,  Feb.  15, 1506  ; 
Archdeacon  of  Nottingham,  Sept.  1506;  Bishop 
of  Negropont;  died  April  25,  1516;  buried  at 
York.     (York.) 

Richard  Wylson,  Prior  of  Drax ;  Bishop  of  Meath, 
1523—30 ;  buried  at  Bingley,  York.     (York.) 

John  Tynmouth,  D.D.,  a  Minorite  of  Lynn ;  edu- 


cated at  Oxford ;  Rector  of  Ludgershall ;  Bishop 
of  Argos:  died  1524;  buried  at  Boston,  of  which 
he  was  vicar.  (Lincoln.) 
John  Underwood,  son  of  William,  a  goldsmith,  and 
Alice,  of  St.  Andrew's,  Norwich ;  Rector  of  North 
Creeke,  1505,  and  Eccles;  he  degraded  John 
Bilney :  bishop  of  Chalcedon.  (Norwich.) 
William  Gilberd,  Abbat  of  Bruton  ;  Bishop  of  Me- 

gara.     (Bath  and  Wells.) 
Thomas  Chard,  a  Benedictine;  Vicar  of  Welling- 
ton, June,  1512 ;  Synterhull,  Aug.  1521 ;  Abbat 
of    Montacute,    1515—32;    Bishop   of  (Solubri- 
ensis);  died  Nov.  1541.     (Exeter.) 
John  Draper,  Prior  of  Christchurch,  Hants;  Bishop 

of  Naples.     (Winton.) 
Thomas  Swillington,  Bishop  of  Philadelphia.   (Can- 
terbury.) 
Thomas  Hallam,  Bishop  of  Philadelphia.    (Canter- 
bury.) 

1519.  Thomas,  Bishop  of  (Pannadensis)  in  the  archdiocese 
of  Mayence.     (Lichfield.) 

1536.  Thomas  Mannyng,  consecrated  March  19,  at  Lam- 
beth by  the  Primate  and  Bishops  of  Salisbury 
and  Rochester  to  Ipswich ;  Prior  of  Butleigh ; 
Rector  of  Heigham,  Somerset,  Oct.  2,  1499 ; 
Master  of  Metingham  College,  Nov.  12,  1539. 
(Norwich.) 

1536.  John  Salisburj',  consecrated  March  19,  at  Lambeth, 
by  the  Primate  and  Bishop  of  Salisbury  and 
Rochester  to  Thetford ;  translated  to  Sodor,  April 
7,  1570.     (Norwich.) 

1536.  William  More,  B.C.L.,  consecrated  Oct.  20,  by  the 
Primate  and  Bishops  of  St.  Asaph  and  Sidon,  in 
the  Dominican  Church,  to  Colchester.  He  was  a 
Master  in  Chancery ;  Abbat  of  Walden ;  Rector 
of  Bradwell,  April  20  ;  West  Tilbury,  Oct.  5, 1534 ; 
Prebendary  of  Lincoln ;  York,  March  11,  1538 ; 
Archdeacon  of  Leicester.     (Ely.) 

1536.  Thomas  Sparke,  consecrated  to  Berwick;  he  was 

B.D.  of  Durham  College,  Oxford ;  Canon  of  Dur- 
ham, May  12,  1521;  Master  of  Holy  Island; 
Warden  of  Gretham  Hospital.  He  died  1572,  and 
was  buried  at  Gretham.     (Durham.) 

1537.  Lewis  Thomas,  consecrated  June  24,  at  Lambeth, 

by  the  Primate  and  Bishops  of  Rochester  and  St. 
Asaph  to  Shrewsbury.  He  was  Rector  of  Llan- 
turse,  and  abbat  of  Keymes.  (St.  Asaph.) 
1537.  John  Hodgskin,  consecrated  Dec.  9,  in  St.  Paul's, 
to  Bedford;  he  was  a  Dominican,  1531;  Rector 
of  Lyndon,  July  23,  1544 ;  Vicar  of  Walden  ;  St. 
Peter's  Cornhill,  April  2, 1555 ;  Prebendary  of  St. 
Paul's,  Nov.  26, 1548  ;  he  died  July,  1560.  (Lin- 
coln.) 
1639.  John  Bradley,  Abbat  of  Milton  ;  consecrated  March 
23,  by  the  Bishops  of  Hippo,  Marlborough,  and 
Bangor,  to  Shaftesbury,  in  St.  John's  Church, 
Southampton.     (Salisbury.) 

Andrew  Whitmay,  of  Gloucester ;  educated  at  Ox- 
ford ;  Bishop  of  (Chrysopolis) ;  died  1546.  (St. 
Asaph  and  Worcester.) 

John  Stonywell,  D.D.,  born  at  Longdon ;  a  Bene- 
dictine ;  Prior  of  Gloucester  Hall,  Oxford ;  Ab- 
bat of  Pershore,  Oct.  16,  1527;  Bishop  of  Pulati; 
he  died  1552,  and  was  buried  at  Longdon.  (Wor- 
cester.) 

Robert  Sylvester,  Prebendary  of  York,  May  2, 
1541 ;  Archdeacon  of  Nottingham,  Jan.  31, 1549 ; 
Bishop  of  Hull ;  he  died  1552.     (York.) 

Thomas  Wellys,  Prior  of  St.  Gregory's ;  Chaplain 
to  Archbishop  Warham ;  Bishop  of  Sidon.   (Can- 
terbury.) 
1558.  March  2.  Thomas  Chetham,   Rector  of  Bishops- 


2°^  S.  No  27.,  JOLY  5.  '56,] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


bourne,  March  21 ;  Canon  of  St.  Paul's,  Oct.  10, 
1553;  Wrotham,  March  22,  1558;  Bishop  of 
Sidon;  died  at  Greenwich,  1558.  (Canterbury.) 
1558.  March  8.  Licensed  to  officiate ;  Christopher,  Bishop 
of  Sidon.     (Canterbury.) 

John,  Bishop  of  Hippo.    (Canterbury.) 

William  Favell,  of  CoUumpton ;  Prior  of  St.  Nicho- 
las, Exeter;  Archdeacon  of  Totness,  Aug.  10, 
1549;  Bishop  of  Hippo;  died  July  24,  1537. 
'  (Exeter.) 

Matthew  Makerel,  Abbat  of  Burlings;  Bishop  of 
Chalcedon.     (Canterbury.) 

Thomas  Bele,  an  Austin  Canon ;  Vicar  of  Wi- 
tliam,  Jan.  28,  1528 ;  Prebendary  of  St.  Paul's, 
Nov.  11,  1521 ;  Prior  of  St.  Mary  Spital,  London ; 
Ranton  ;  Abbat  of  Dorchester ;  Bishop  of  Lydda ; 
died  Aug.  12,  1540,  and  was  buried  at  Bury  St. 
Edmunds.  (London.) 
1587.  John  Byrd,  consecrated  June  24,  to  Penrith,  by  the 
Primate  and  Bishops  of  Rochester  and  St.  Asaph  ; 
translated  to  Bangor,  1539 ;  and  Chester,  Aug.  5, 
1541.  (LlandafF.) 
1537.  Thomas  Morley,  Abbat  of  Stanley;  consecrated 
Nov.  4,  by  the  Primate  and  Bishops  of  Lincoln 
and  Rochester  to  Marlborough.     (Salisbury.) 

1537.  Richard  Yngworth,  consecrated  Dec.   9,    by  the 

Primate  and  Bishops  of  Rochester  and  St.  Asaph 
to  Dover ;  Rector  of  Chidingstone,  May  10, 1539 ; 
Chart,  May  28,  1541 ;  Wrotham,  April  3,  1546 ; 
Prior  of  Langley  Regis.  (Canterbury.) 
1638.  Henry  Holbeche,  consecrated  March  24,  by  the 
Bishops  of  London,  Worcester,  and  St.  Asaph, 
in  Rochester  Place,  at  Lambeth,  to  Bristol; 
translated  to  Lincoln,     (Worcester.) 

1538.  William  Finch,  consecrated  April  7,  in  the  Do- 

minican Church,  London,  by  the  Bishops  of  Ro- 
chester, St.  Asaph,  and  Colchester,  to  Taunton ; 
he  was  Prior  of  Braemar ;  Rector  of  West  Carn- 
mell,  Mav  8,  1554 ;  Prebendary  of  Wells,  Jan.  6, 
1557.     (Bath  and  Wells.) 

1539.  Robert  King,  consecrated  to  Roan,  near  Athens, 

translated  to  Osney  and  Oxford.     (Lincoln.) 

1539.  John  Tiiornden,  D.D.,  Master  of  Canterbury  Hall, 
Oxford;  Commissary  of  Oxford,  1506 — 1514; 
Prior  of  Dover,  1508 ;  Rector  of  High  Hardys, 
Dec.  23,  1505 ;  Newington,  Aug.  6,  1506 ;  Har- 
bledown,  Aug.  30,  1507 ;  Aldington,  June  21, 
1512;  lilogh  Monachorum,  Nov.  2,  1514;  con- 
secrated to  Sirmium  (Szerem)  in  Hungary. 
(Canterbury.) 
Richard  Thornden  le  Stede,  Monk  of  Canterbury ; 
Rector  of  Chidingstone,  May  10,  1539 ;  Chart, 
May  28,  1541 ;  Wrotham,  April  3 ;  Tentwarden, 
April  19,  1546;  Adisham,  1554;  Bishopsbourne, 
June  14,  1554;  Lydde;  Proctor  in  Convocation, 
1541 ;  Prebendary  of  Canterbury,  April  18, 
1542 ;  Vice-dean,  May  17,  1556.  Consecrated  to 
(Syrinensis)  and  Dover :  he  proved  false  to  his 
patron  Cranmer,  and  was  a  great  persecutor :  he 
died  1558,  and  was  buried  at  Bishopsbourne. 
(Canterbury.) 

1553,  Robert  Pursglove,  born  at  Tideswell ;  educated  at 
St.  Paul's  School,  and  Corpus  Chrisli  College, 
Oxford ;  Prior  of  Gisborne ;  Provost  of  Rother- 

ham;   Archdeacon   of  Nottingham,  1553, ; 

founder  of  Gisborne  School ;  Bishop  of  Hull :  he 
died  May  2,  1579,  and  was  buried  at  Tideswell. 
(York.) 

1667.  Richard  Barnes,  consecrated  April  5,  at  York,  to 
Nottingham;  translated  to  Carlisle,  July  23, 
1570 ;  and  to  Durham,  May  9,  1575.     (Lincoln.) 

1669,  Richard  Rogers,  S.T.B.,  consecrated  May  15,  at 


Lambeth,  by  the  Primate  and  Bishops  t£  London 
and  Rochester  to  Dover :  he  was  born  at  Sutton 
Valence;  educated  at  Christ's  College,  Cam- 
bridge; Rector  of  Llanarmon ;  Dudley,  1549; 
Dunmow,  Feb.  11, 1560 ;  Canfield ;  Chart,  Jan.  19, 
1567 ;  Prebendary  of  St.  Paul's,  Oct.  25,  1566 ; 

Archdeacon  of  St.  Asaph, 1559 ;  Master  of 

Eastbridge  Hospital,  1594 ;  Dean  of  Canterbury', 
Sept.  16,  1584 :  he  died  May  19,  1597,  and  was 
buried  in  Canterbury  Cathedral.     (Canterbury.) 

1592.  John  Sterne,  consecrated  Nov.  12,  at  Fulham,  by 
the  Primate  and  Bishops  of  London,  Bristol,  and 
Rochester,  to  Colchester ;  lie  was  Vicar  of  Rick- 
mansworth,  1584 ;  VVitham,  March  7,  1587 :  he 
died  Feb.  — ,  1607.     (London.) 

1848.  G.  T.  Spencer,  Bishop  of  Madras  (Commissary). 
(Bath  and  Wells.) 

1856,  Reginald  Courtne)',  Bishop  of  Kingston ;  Arch- 
deacon of  Jamaica.     (Jamaica.} 

What  has  become  of  Dr.  Walker's  noble  pro- 
posal to  endow  a  See  of  Cornwall,  acknowledged 
in  Parliament  and  by  both  Houses  of  Convo- 
cation ?  M.A.CKENZIE  ^VALCOTT,  M.A, 


ETYMOLOGIES, 


"  Merry  England."  —  This  expression,  I  appre- 
hend, conveys  an  erroneous  idea  to  the  minds  of 
persons  .in  general.  It  is  usually  supposed  to 
refer  to  the  gay,  joyous  character  of  the  English 
people  of  the  olden  time  ;  whereas,  as  I  hope  I 
shall  be  able  to  show,  it  is  like  "  La  Belle  France," 
and  such  terms  indicative  of  the  nature  and  ap- 
pearance of  the  country,  not  of  the  character  of 
the  people. 

The  origin  of  our  word  merry  is  the  Anglo- 
Saxon  mipis,  a  word  seemingly  peculiar  to  that 
language,  for  I  have  not  met  any  term  resembling 
it  in  any  of  the  cognate  dialects.  Its  proper 
meaning  seems  to  be  pleasant,  cheerful,  agreeable. 
Thus  in  the  Canterbury  Tales,  the  Person  e  says : 
"  I  wol  yow  telle  a  mery  tale  in  prose ; " 

and  this  tale  is  a  grave  "  Treatise  on  Penitence," 
to  which  merry,  in  its  present  acceptation,  could 
never  be  applied.  In  like  manner  it  is  said  of 
Chaunticlere  the  cock  : 

"  His  vols  was  merier  than  the  mevT/  orgon," 

which  is  not  merry  in  our  sense  of  the  word.    But 
merry  is  also  used  of  places  : 
"  Of  erbe  yve  that  groweth  in  our  yerd  that  mery  is." 

"  That  made  hem  in  a  cite  for  to  tarie, 
That  stood  full  mery  upon  a  haven  sj'de." 

Lincoln  is  termed  merry  in  the  ballad  of  "  Hugh 
of  Lincoln;"  we  also  meet  with  Merry  Carlisle 
and  MerrylaxiA  Town,  in  which  the  reference  is 
plainly  to  the  site,  &c.,  of  the  place,  rather  than  to 
the  character  of  the  inhabitants.  Merry  England 
is  then,  we  may  say,  England  that  abounds  in 
comforts,  and  is  pleasant  to  live  in, 

1  cannot  help  thinking  that  merry  in  its  original 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«'ds.  N0  27.,  JnLY5,'56. 


sense  ^iieuld,  in  some  cases,  pretty  accurately  ex- 
press the  peculiar  Portuguese  term  saudoso.  The 
Lusitanian  lexicographers  define  the  substantive 
saudade,  "  grief  arising  from  the  absence  of  the 
beloved  object,  accompanied  by  the  desire  of  see- 
ing it  again  ;  "  which  is  something  like  desiderium. 
But  we  find  saudoso  in  connections  where  this  is 
not  the  exact  sense.  Thus  we  meet  with  olhos 
saiidosos,  "  mery  eyen,"  and  Camoens  says : 

"  Nos  saiidosos  campos  do  Mondego," 
in  both  of  which  places  it  is  the  pleasure  of  pre- 
sence, rather  than  the  {)ain  of  absence,  that  is  in- 
dicated. As  I  am  on  the  subject  of  etymology  I 
will  give  the  origin  of  saiidade,  saudoso,  of  which 
I  have  seen  no  derivation.  As  then  an  older 
form  is  so'idade,  so'idoso,  1  would  say,  having  in 
view  the  syncopating  character  of  the  Portuguese 
language,  that  the  root  of  them,  as  of  the  French 
souci,  is  sol'icitus.  I  may  add  that  souci  and 
saiidade  are  names  of  the  same  flower. 

"  Good  Cheer."  —  I  have  given  cheerful  as  a 
sense  of  merry,  jjnd  it  is  curious  to  mark  the  pro- 
gress of  the  word  cheer.  There  can,  I  think,  be 
hardly  a  doubt  that  the  origin  is  Kc'pa,  "  head  ;  " 
retained  by  the  Spaniards  in  cara,  and  changed  by 
the  Italians  to  cera,  ciera,  and  by  the  French  to 
chere,  all  signifying  "  face."  Hence  o\jr  cheer 
usually  denotes  aspect,  countenance ;  then  it  was 
applied  to  the  mind,  as  in  "  Be  of  good  cheer  ; " 
and  finally,  indicative,  some  might  say,  of  the 
English  character,  good  cheer  came  to  signify  good 
eating  and  drinking!  There  were  also  the  verbs 
to  cheer  and  to  cheer  up,  the  last  contracted  to 
chirp,  as  in  — 

"  He  takes  his  chirping  pint  and  cracks  his  jokes." 

"  Lechery."  —  This  word  is  usually  derived  from 

the  French  lecher,  to  lick  ;  but  this  is  evidently 

incorrect,  for  both  it  and  licorous  must  come  from 

luxuria,  which  is  exactly  the  same  with  it  in  sense. 

ThOS.  KEIGHTIiEY. 


DUKE   THE   POET. 

It  may  perhaps  be  doubted  whether  Richakl 
Duke  deserved  the  honour  of  being  immortalised 
by  the  pen  of  our  great  moralist ;  but,  since  the 
thing  has  been  done,  it  seems  only  a  proper  mark 
of  respect  to  Johnson  to  make  a  note  of  anything 
that  may  assist  in  filling  up  his  sketches,  and 
carrying  out  his  purpose.  Tliis  is  especially  the 
case  when  the  biographer  was  at  a  loss  for  mate- 
rials ;  and  I  believe  that  of  all  the  Lives  of  the 
Poets  that  of  Duke  is  the  shortest  and  most 
superficial.  In  my  copy  it  does  not  occupy  so 
much  as  one  full  page ;  and  what  little  there  is 
quite  accords  with  the  opening  words  —  "  Of  Mr. 
Kichard  Duke  I  can  find  few  memorials."  More 
of  his  circumstances  and  personal  history  may,  I 


think,  be  learned  from  a  document  which  I  lately 
found,  while  searching  for  something  else,  among 
some  family  deeds  and  papers  in  my  possession. 
How  it,  and  several  other  documents  to  which 
Duke  was  a  party,  came  to  be  where  they  are,  I 
cannot  tell;  but  I  think  that  (if  room  can  be  made 
for  it)  this  one  is  worth  printing  as  it  stands;  for 
it  seems  as  if  it  could  not  be  materially  abridged 
without  losing  some  part  of  the  character  or  in- 
formation. It  is  written  on  parchment,  and  en- 
dorsed "A  Cop[)ie  of  Mr.  Richard  Duke  his 
Discharge  to  his  iFathers  Executors,  1679 :" 

"Know  all  men  by  these  presents  that  I,  Richard 
Duke,  Batchelor  of  Art,  eldest  sonne  and  heire  of 
Richard  Duke,  late  Citizen  and  Scrivener  of  Lon- 
don, deceased,  anil  now  of  the  full  age  of  one  and 
twenty  yeares,  doe  hereby  acknowledge,  and  de- 
clare, that  I  have  received  and  had,  at  and  before 
thenseuleing  and  delivery  hereof,  of  and  from 
Robert  Cliilcott,  Citizen  and  Merchantaylor  of 
London,  George  Dashwood  of  London,  esquire, 
and  Thomas  Goodwin,  Citizen  and  Scrivener  of 
London,  executors  of  the  last  will  and  testament 
of  the  said  Richard  Duke  my  said  late  father,  de- 
ceased, my  share,  and  the  better  share  to  my 
owne  content,  of  all  my  said  fathers  printed 
books,  which  he,  in  and  by  the  said  will,  did  will 
and  appoynt  should  be  devided  betweene  his  two 
sonnes  (namely),  mee  the  said  Richard  Duke,  and 
my  brother  Robert  Duke;  and  that  I  should  have 
the  better  share.  And  that  I  have  also  received 
and  had,  of  and  from  them  the  said  executors,  in 
severall  boxes  and  otherwise,  all  the  deeds,  evi- 
dences, and  writeings,  which  upon,  or  after,  the  de- 
cease of  my  said  late  father  came  to,  and  have 
remayned  in  the  hands,  or  custody,  of  them  the 
said  executors,  or  some  or  one  of  them,  which  do 
concern  or  relate  unto  the  messuage,  tenement,  or  ' 
inne,  commonly  called,  or  known,  by  the  name,  or 
signe,  of  the  White  Beare,  scituate  and  being  in 
West  Smithfeild,  in  the  parish  of  St.  Sepulchre's 
without  Newgate,  London.  And  also  all  those 
which  doe  concerne,  or  relate,  unto  a  messuage 
or  tenement  scituate  and  being  in  Charterhouse 
Lane,  on  the  west  side  of  the  said  lane,  in  the 
county  of  Middlesex,  and  in  the  parish  of  St. 
Sepulchre's  without  Newgate,  London,  aforesaid 
(and  commonly  called,  and  knowne,  by  the  name, 
or  signe,  of  the  WoU  Sack  or  Wooll  Pack),  the 
which  said  inne,  and  tenement,  my  said  late  father, 
by  his  said  last  will  and  testament,  did  give,  de- 
vise, and  bequeath,  unto  his  said  executors,  and 
to  the  survivors,  and  survivor,  of  them,  and  the 
executors,  and  administrators,  of  the  survivors  of 
them,  dureing,  and  untill,  Ithe  said  Richard  Duke 
should  have  attayned  unto  my  full  age  of  one  and 
twenty  yeares,  upon  the  trust  and  to  the  intents 
and  purposes  in  the  same  his  last  will  and  testa- 
ment expressed,  declared,  and  conteyned.    And 


2nd  s.  No  27.,  July  5.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QITEBIES. 


from,  and  after,  I  the  said  Richard  Duke  sliould 
have  fully  attained  that  my  said  full  age  of  one 
and  twenty  yeares  (if  I  should  so  long  live)  then 
he  gave,  deviseii,  and  bequeathed  the  said  mes- 
suages or  tenements  unto  me  the  said  Richard 
Duke,  my  heires  and  assigns  for  ever:  subject, 
nevertheless,  to  the  provisoes  and  conditions  con- 
teyned,  and  appearing,  in  the  said  will  and  testa- 
ment of  my  said  late  father.  As  for  touching  and 
concerning  which  my  said  share  of  bookes,  and 
the  deeds,  evidences,  and  writeings  aforesaid,  and 
all  trust,  clayme,  and  pretence,  whatsoever  con- 
cerning them,  or  any  of  them,  I  the  said  Richard 
Duke  doe  hereby,  for  me,  my  heires,  executors, 
administrators,  and  assigns,  fully,  cleerly,  and  ab- 
solutely remisi^,  release,  and  for  ever  discharge, 
them  the  said  Robert  Chilcott,  George  Dashwooii, 
and  Thomas  Goodwin,  their  heires,  executors,  and 
administrators,  and  every  of  them.  And  know 
ye  farther  that  I  the  said  Richard  Duke,  in  con- 
formity and  obedience  to  the  expresse  will,  order, 
and  appointment  of  my  said  late  father,  declared 
in  and  by  his  said  last  will  and  testament,  have 
reraised,  released,  and  for  ever  quitt  claymed, 
and  by  these  presents  doe  remise,  release,  and  for 
ever  quitt  claym,  unto  the  said  Robert  Chilcott, 
George  Dashwood,  and  Thomas  Goodwin,  and 
every  of  them,  their,  and  every  of  their  heires, 
executors,  and  administrators,  all  or  any  cliilds 
part,  or  customary  part  or  share,  which  I  the  said 
Richard  Duke  can  or  may  clayme,  or  demande, 
out  of  any  part  or  share  of  the  estate  whatsoever 
of  my  said  late  father,  by  force  or  virtue  of  the 
custom  of  the  city  of  London,  or  otherwise  how- 
soever (except  only  such  perticular  legacyes  as 
should  be,  and  are,  given  or  shall  fall  to  mee,  by 
and  according  to  the  true  intent,  and  meaneing,  of 
the  same  last  will  and  testament  of  my  said  late 
father). 

"  In  Witnes  whereof  I  the  said  Richard  Duke 
have  hereunto  set  my  hand  and  seale.  Dated  the 
sixth  day  of  September,  Anno  Dni  1679,  and  in 
the  one  and  thirtieth  yeare  of  the  reigne  of  our 
sovereigne  Lord  Charles  the  Second,  by  the  grace 
of  God  of  England,  Scotland,  ],i)  ranee,  and  Ire- 
land, King,  Defender  of  the  Faith,  &c. 

"  Richard  Duke. 

"  Sealed  and  delivered  in  the  presence  of  John 
Sherley,  Wm.  Antrobus,  Sen,  and  Sam.  Bradley." 

The  truth  of  the  copy  is  attested  by  Wm.  An- 
trobus and  John  Dann. 

I  should  like  to  add  one  or  two  remarks,  as  well 
as  some  further  particulars,  which  may  be  gleaned 
from  some  of  the  other  documents  ;  but  this  one 
will  occupy  so  much  space  that  it  would  be  un- 
reasonable to  ask  for  more  at  present.  Allow 
me,  however,  to  add  a  Query.  Johnson  states 
that  the  poet  is  said  to  have  been  tutor  to  the 
Duke  of  Richmond ;  and  this  seems  not  impro- 


bable. The  duke  must  have  been  about  seven 
years  old  when  the  poet  came  of  age  and  gave 
this  discharge.  I  shall  be  much  obliged  to  any 
one  who  will  tell  me,  either  through  "N.  &  Q." 
or  directly,  where  I  mny  find  the  particulars  of 
the  young  Duke  of  Richmond's  conversion  to  ' 
Popery,  and  re-conversion  to  Protestantism. 

S.  R.  Maitland. 
Gloucester. 


rORGED    ROMAN    "  WAXEN   TABLETS." 

In  the  Dictionary  of  Greeh.  and  Roman  Antiqui- 
ties, edited  by  William  Smith,  LL.D.  second  edit., 
1848,  I  may  be  permitted  to  notice  an  error 
which  ought  not  to  exist  in  a  work  of  any  au- 
thority. Under  the  head  of  "  Tabula?,"  the  writer 
of  that  article  has  referred  to  certain  "  ancient 
waxen  tablets,"  said  "to  have  been  discovered  in 
one  of  the  gold  mines  near  the  village  of  Abrud- 
bianya,  in  Hungary,  and  which  were  described  by 
M.  Massmann  of  Munich  in  his  Libellus  Aurarius, 
sive  TabulcB  ceratce,  et  AntiquissiihoB  et  unicce  Ro- 
mance, Leipsic,  1840,  4to.  The  date  assigned  to 
these  tablets  is  A.  d.  167,  and,  supposing  them  to  be 
genuine,  they  would  afford  us  the  earliest  existing 
specimens  of  cursive  minuscule  Roman  writing  ; 
but  the  fact  is,  that  they  have  been  long  proved 
to  be  fictitious  by  the  continental  scholars  and 
palaeographers ;  and  a  statement  to  that  effect  was 
published  by  Silvestre  in  the  Paleographie  Uni' 
verselle,  published  in  1839-1841,  and,  more  re- 
cently, repeated  in  the  English  translation  of  that 
work,  1850,  vol.  i.  p.  255.  I  may  add,  from  ray 
own  testimony,  that  these  very  tablets,  or  similar 
ones,  were  offered  to  me  for  purchase  several 
years  ago,  but  were  rejected  at  once  as  palpable 
forgeries.  F.  Madden. 

British  Museum. 


IIXUSTEATIONS   OP   MACAULAT. 

[The  general  satisfaction  with  which  this  series  of 
Papers  has  been  received,  has  determined  us  to  con- 
tinue it  in  the  present  volume:  and  We  shall  be  greatly 
obliged  by  the  communication  of  Inedited  Letters, 
Ballads,  or  other  Documents,  which  may  serve  to 
throw  light  upon  the  eventful  period  treated  of  by  Mr. 
Macaulay.] 

Jack  Ketch  (2"''  S.  i.  72.)  — 

"  The  Apologie  of  John  Ketch,  Esq.,  the  Executioner  of 

London,  in  vindication  of  himself  as  to  the  Execution  of 

tJie  late  Lord  Russel,  on  July  21,  1683. 

"It  is  an  old  saying  and  a  true  one,  that  one  story's 

good  till  another's  heard,  but  it  is  one  of  the  most  difficult 

things  imaginable  to  dispossess  the  world  of  any  censure 

or  prejudice,  that  is  once  fixt  or  hath  taken  root  in  the 

harts  of  the  People.     However,  since  it  is  not  fit  that  so 

publick  a  Person  as  the  Executioner  of  Justice  and  the 

Law's  Sentence  upon  Criminals  and  Malefactors    should 

lye  under  the  scandal  of  untrue  Reports,  and  be  unjustly 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  No  27.,  July  5.  '5G. 


expos'd  to  popular  Clamour,  I  thought  it  a  matter  of 
highest  importance  to  me  to  clear  and  vindicate  myself  as 
tothe  manner  of  my  Lord  Russel's  Execution,  and  the 
hard  usage  he  is  said  to  have  had  in  the  Severing  of  his 
Head  from  his  Bodj'. 

"  As  to  the  several  reports  that  have  been  rais'd,  as  it 
hath  been  always  a  common  Custom  in  the  World,  not 
only  to  magnifie  and  misrepresent  the  truth,  but  to  forgo 
things  that  never  were,  the  falsity  of  them  will  appear  to 
judicious  Persons  as  well  by  the  improbability  of  them 
as  by  testimony  of  those  that  know  the  Contrary ;  As 
namely  that  I  had  been  drinking  all  the  foregoing  Night 
and  was  in  Drink  when  I  came  upon  the  Scaffold,  when 
as  all  my  Neighbours  can  testifie  that  I  went  orderlie  to 
Bed  that  Night  and  wholly  undisguis'd  in  Drink.  That 
I  had  20,Guinnies  the  Night  before.  That  after  the  First 
blow  my  Lord  should  say.  You  Dog  did  I  give  you  10 
Guinnies  to  use  me  so  inhumanl}-?  'Tis  true  I  receav'd 
10  Guenies  but  not  till  after  having  dispos'd  of  his  Coat, 
Hat,  and  Periwig;  I  took  the  boldness  to  give  him  a 
small  remembrance  of  the  Civilities  customary  on  the  like 
occasion,  as  to  the  report  of  my  striking  my  Lord  into  the 
Shoulder,  how  false  it  is  I  appeaj  to  those  that  were  the 
nearest  Spectatours  of  the  Execution ;  and  for  my  being 
committed  Prisoner  to  Newgate,  it  is  so  Easie  a  matter 
to  disprove  the  truth  thereof,  that  I  need  not  trouble  my- 
self anj'  farther  about  it. 

"But  my  grand  business  is  to  acquit  myself  and  come 
off  as  fairly  as  I  can,  as  to  those  grievous  Obloquies  and 
Invectives  that  have  been  thrown  upon  me  for  not  Sever- 
ing my  Lords  Head  from  his  Body  at  one  blow,  and  in- 
deed had  I  given  my  Lord  more  Blows  then  one  out  of 
design  to  put  him  to  more  then  ordinary  Pain,  as  I  have 
been  Taxt,  I  might  justlj'  be  exclaim'd  on  as  Guilty  of 
grater  Inhumanity  then  can  be  imputed  even  to  one  of 
my  Profession,  or  had  it  been  occasioned  by  a  Bungling 
and  Supine  Negligence,  1  had  been  much  to  blame.  But 
there  are  circumstances  enow  to  clear  me  in  this  par- 
ticular, and  to  make  it  plainly  appear  that  my  Lord  him- 
self was  the  real  obstruct  that  he  had  not  a  quicker  dis- 
patch out  of  this  World ;  since  if  I  may  speak  it  of  a 
Person  of  his  Quality?  He  died  with  more  Galantry 
then  Discresion,  and  did  not  dispose  him  for  receiving  of 
the  fatal  Stroke  in  such  a  posture  as  was  most  suitable, 
for  whereas  he  should  have  put  his  hands  before  his 
Breast,  or  else  behind  him,  he  spread  them  out  before 
him,  nor  would  he  be  persuaded  to  give  any  Signal  or 
pull  his  Cap  over  his  eyes,  which  might  possibly  be  the 
Occasion  that  discovering  the  Blow,  he  somewhat  heav'd 
his  Body.  Moreover  after  having  receiv'd  the  Guinnies, 
and  according  to  my  dut}'  ask't  his  Lordships  Pardon,  I 
receav'd  some  Interruption  iust  as  I  was  taking  Aim,  and 
going  to  give  the  Blow.  Thus  have  I  truely  and  faith- 
fully expos'd  to  the  Publick  all  that  can  be  said  in  this 
matter,  and  hope,  whatever  prejudice  the  undiscerning 
Multitude  may  retain,  to  have  given  sufficient  satisfaction 
to  all  rational  judicious  Persons." 

No.  2627.  of  the  Collection  of  Proclamations, 
Sfc,  presented  to  the  Chetham  Library,  Man- 
chester, by  James  O.  HalHwell,  Esq.,  F.R.S. 

BiBLIOTHECAR.  ChETHAM. 


Prince  of  Orange  (2°"^  S.  i.  370.)  — 

"  Even  that  court  seems  to  have  had  some  sense  of 
shame ;  for  the  sentence  of  confiscation  and  banishment 
against  the  Ruart  did  not  state  the  crime  for  which  it 
•was  passed." 

The  sentence  is  fully  set  out  in  a  pamphlet  en- 
titled : 


"  Sententia  van  den  generalen  hove  van  Nederlnnd 
tegens  Mr.  C.  de  Wit  en  Mr.  Jan  de  Witt,  's  Gravenhaag^ 
1672," 

which  is  in  the  British  Museum,  VViV  I*  ex- 
plicitly states  that  the  Ruart  suborned  Tichelaer 
to  assassinate  the  Prince  of  Orange.  P.  H. 


MARRIOT    THK    GREAT    EATER. 

In  that  amusing  and  really  instructive  work, 
John  Duntons  Life  and  Errors,  may  be  found  the 
following  paragraph  : 

"  The  air  of  New  England  was  sharper  than  at  London, 
which,  with  the  temptation  of  fresh  provisions,  made  me 
eat  like  a  second  Mariot  of  Gray's  Inn." 

Upon  which  Dunton's  editor,  Mr.  J.  B.  NichoL^, 
has  this  note ; 

"  Of  this  celebrated  eater  no  other  record,  it  is  probable, 
now  remains." 

Not  so.  In  Smith's  Obituary,  edited  for  the 
Camden  Society  by  Sir  Henry  Ellis,  I  find  the 
following  entry : 

"25  Nov.  1653,  Old  Marriot  of  Gray's  Inn  (y*  great 
eater)  buried." 

Sir  Henry  Ellis  is  silent  about  this  Gray's  Inn 
worthy. 

Not  so  Charles  Cotton,  Walton's  associate  in 
The  Complete  Angler,  who,  in  his  Poems  on  Seve- 
ral Occasions,  1689,  has  two  copies  of  verses  on 
the  Gray's  Inn  cormorant ;  one  (p.  349.)  called 
"  On  the  Great  Eater  of  Gray's  Inn,"  the  other 
(p.  417.)  "On  Marriot."  From  the  former  we 
learn  that  he  was  spare  and  thin : 

"  Approaching  famine  in  thy  physnomy." 
The  other  has  this  line  : 

"  Mariot  the  eater  of  Gray's  Inn  is  dead." 

The  readers  of  John  Dunton  and  Charles  Cotton 
will  probably  make  a  note  of  this  communication. 
Peter  Cunningham. 
Kensington. 


THE    liASS   OF   RICHMOND    HILL. 

In  the  Memoirs  of  Mrs.  Fitzherbert,  by  the 
Hon.  Charles  Langdale,  lately  published,  there  is 
the  following  quotation  from  the  above  song  : 

"  I'd  crowns  resign 
To  call  thee  mine, 
Sweet  lass  of  Richmond  Hill !  " 

And  it  is  stated,  upon  the  authority  of  the  late 
Lord  Stoiirton,  that  the  song*was  written  to  cele- 
brate the  charms  of  the  above  lady.  With  all  due 
deference  to  his  lordship's  opinion,  I  consider  this 
to  be  a  mistake,  and  I  beg  to  enumerate  two  or 
three  other  individual  ladies,  for  whom  it  has  been 
asserted  it  was  compiled.  A  Miss  Smith,  who 
resided  on  the  Hill  near  the  Terrace,  at  the  period 


2nd  s.  No  27.,  July  5.  »56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


wben  the  song  first  appeared,  had  the  general  re- 
putation of  being  the  person  for  whom  it  was  de- 
signed. The  Rev.  Thomas  Maurice  published 
Richmond  Hill,  a  poem,  in  which,  under  the  name 
of  Mira,  he  introduces  a  Miss  Cropp  as  the  Lass 
of  Richmond  Hill,  who  committed  suicide  for  her 
lover  on  the  22nd  April,  1782 ;  but  this  has  been 
regarded  merely  as  poetic  fiction  with  regard  to 
the  song.  Another  account  we  have,  in  Personal 
Sketches  of  his  own  Times,  by  Sir  Jonah  Barring- 
ton,  vol.  ii.  pp.  47 — 52. ;  in  this  it  is  stated  Mr. 
Leonard  MacNally  wrote  the  song  on  a  Miss 
Janson,  daughter  of  Mr.  Janson,  a  rich  attorney 
of  Bedford  Row,  Bloomsbury,  who  had  a  country- 
house  on  Richmond  Hill.  There  were  great  ob- 
stacles to  his  marrying  her,  but  perhaps  from 
making  the  lady  the  theme  of  his  poetry,  and 
being  also  the  author  of  Robin  Hood,  a  comic 
opera  of  great  merit,  he  ultimately  obtained  her 
hand.  But  notwithstanding  all  these  authorities, 
I  am  inclined  to  think  the  song  was  not  intended 
for  any  particular  person,  but  written  by  Mr. 
Wm.  Upton,  author  of  Poems  on  several  Oc- 
casions, 8vo.,  1788,  and  A  Collection  of  Songs 
sung  at  Vauxhall,  and  who  was  the  poet  of  Vaux- 
hall  Gardens  1788—1789.  I  believe  it  first  ap- 
peared in  the  Public  Advertiser  oi'M.onAiiy,  Aug.  3, 
1789,  where  it  is  stated  to  be  a  favourite  song 
sung  by  Mr.  Incledon  at  Vauxhall,  and  composed 
by  Mr.  Jas.  Hook  (the  father  of  Theodore).  It  is 
said  Incledon  sang  the  song  in  such  a  fascinating 
manner,  that  it  led  to  a  superior  and  permanent 
engagement  at  Covent  Garden  Theatre,  as,  after 
the  season  of  1789,  he  never  again  appeared  at 
Vauxhall.  *. 

Richmond. 


"grenvillb  papers:"  george  iii.'s  letter  to 

LORD    temple,    correction    OF. 

In  the  Grenville  Memoirs  of  the  Cabinets  of 
George  III.  is  a  remarkable  letter  from  the  king 
to  Lord  Temple,  written  on  the  occasion  of  his 
"surrender"  to  the  coalition  ministry  of  Epx  and 
Lord  North ;  which,  like  everything  else  of  his 
private  correspondence  published,  is  highly  cha- 
racteristic of  the  firm  unaffected  character  of  the 
man,  and  of  that  remarkable  power  of  letter- 
writing  in  a  pure  English  unpretending  style, 
which  completely  refutes  the  aspersions  thrown  by 
adverse  or  disappointed  politicians  upon  his  un- 
derstanding and  education. 

In  this  letter  there  is,  however,  one  trace  of 
that  haste  in  writing,  which  the  king  notoriously 
had  in  speaking,  and  which  sometimes  made  it 
difficult  for  those  he  addressed  to  follow  or  under- 
stand him.  The  editor  of  the  Grenville  Papers 
undertakes  to  correct  the  obscurity,  but  has  done 
so,  as  I  think,  clumsily,  and  without  effect. 


The  sentence,  as  printed  verbatim  from  the 
original,  is  this  : 

"  The  seven  cabinet  councillors  named  by  the  Coalition 
shall  kiss  hands  tomorrow ;  and  then  form  their  arrange  • 
ments ;  as  the  former  negociation  theij  did  not  condescend  to 
open  to  many  of  their  intentions." 

The  obscurity  is  in  the  clause  printed  in  Italics, 
and  the  editor,  in  a  foot-note,  corrects  it  thus : 

"  As  (in)  the  former  negociation  they  did  not  conde- 
scend to  open  to(o)  many  of  their  intentions." 

It  appears  to  me  that  this  emendation  is  partly 
incorrect ;   I  would  re-write  the  sentence  thus  : 

"  As  (m)  the  former  negociation,  they  did  not  conde- 
scend to  open  to  m(e)  any  of  their  intentions." 

This  would  reduce  the  king's  mistake  to  the 
omission  of  an  in,  and  the  running  of  me,  any, 
into  many ;  while  it  is  at  once  more  intelligible, 
and  more  expressive  of  that  sense  of  offended 
dignity  at  the  treatment  he  experienced  at  the 
hands  of  the  Coalition,  which  pervades  every  line 
of  the  letter. 

This  indignation  has,  as  seems  to  me,  in  another 
sentence  led  the  king  into  a  form  of  expression 
which  rather  oversteps  the  bounds  of  correctness ; 
he  calls  his  "  besiegers  "  — 

"  The  most  unprincipled  coalition  the  annals  of  this  or 
any  other  nation  can  equal." 

I  may  be  wrong  in  my  criticism,  and  should  bow 
to  correction,  but  this  sentence  seems  somewhat 
to  conform  (as  I  humbly  submit.)  to  that  mode  of 
expressing  intensity,  in  which  Sir  Boyle  Roche,  in 
the  Irish  parliament  on  some  occasion  of  national 
calamity,  affirmed  that,  — 

"  Singh  misfortunes  never  come  alone,  and  the  greatest 
of  all  possible  misfortunes  is  generally  followed  by  a  much 
greater." 

A.  B.  R. 

Belmont. 


Alitor  fiatti. 
Papering  Rooms.  —  Herman  Schinkel,  M.A., 
citizen  and  printer  of  Delft,  belonging  to  the 
Reformed  Religion,  was  apprehended,  a.d.  1568, 
on  a  charge  of  printing  and  publishing  books  ini- 
mical to  the  Catholic  faith  ;  for  which  he  was 
sentenced  to  death,  and  suffered  in  July  following. 
In  his  examination  (as  detailed  by  him  in  his  last 
and  farewell  letter  to  his  wife),  being  interrogated 
as  to  certain  ballads  alleged  by  his  accusers  to 
have  been  printed  at  his  press,  he  said  they  were 
printed  by  his  servant  in  his  absence.     And  — 

"  Want  ick  quam  t'huys,  eer  dat  sy  gelevert  waren,  ende 
doe  en  woude  ick  niet  gedoogen,  dat  mense  leveren  sonde, 
maarick  schichtese  in  een  Noeck,  om  roosen  en  stricken 
op  d'andere  zijde  te  drucken,  daer  men  Solders  mede 
bekleet,"  &c. 

"  When  he  came  home,  and  found  they  were  not  de- 
livered, he  refused  to  deliver  them,  and  threw  them  into 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  27.,  July  5. 


a  corner,  intending  to  print  roses  and  stripes  on  the  other 
Bide,  to  paper  attics  with,"  &c. 

Is  there  any  earlier  mention  of  papering  rooms 
than  this  ?  James  Knowlbs. 

Cock-fighting,  its  Origin.  — 

"  Themistocles,  marching  against  the  Persians,  beheld 
two  of  these  determined  warriors  in  the  heat  of  battle, 
and  thereupon  pointed  out  to  his  Athenian  soldiery  their 
indomitable  courage.  The  Athenians  were  victorious; 
and  Themistocles  gave  order  that  an  annual  cock-fight 
should  be  held  in  commemoration  of  the  encounter  they 
had  witnessed.  No  record,  however,  of  the  sport  occurs 
in  this  country  (England)  before  the  year  1121."  — Free- 
masons' Q.  31.,  July  1853, 

W.  W. 

Malta. 

Epitaph  on  a  Bell-ringer.  —  The  following 
epitaph,  from  the  churchyard  of  Leeds,  Kent,  is 
interesting,  as  recording,  probably,  the  only  in- 
stance of  the  complete  changes  on  eight  bells 
having  been  rung : 

"  In  memorv  of  James  Barham,  of  this  parish,  who 
departed  this  "life  Jan.  14,  1818,  aged  93  j^ears.  Who, 
from  the  year  1744  to  the  year  1804,  rung  in  Kent  and 
elsewhere,  112  peals;  not  less  than  6040  changes  in  each 
peal,  and  called  Bobs,  &c.,  for  most  of  the  peals.  And 
April  the  7th  and  8th,  1761,  assisted  in  ringing  40,320 
Bob  major  in  27  hours." 

C.  W.  M. 

The  New  Era :  a  Prophecy.  —  Adam  Czar- 
torvski,  once  the  minister  and  favourite  of  Alex- 
ander T.  of  Russia,  but  later  one  of  the  leaders  of 
the  Polish  Revolution  of  1831  (now  eighty  four 
years  of  ase!),  uttered  the  following  enigmatic 
•  words  at  the  last  meeting  of  the  Polish  Historical 
Society  of  Paris,  April,  1856  : 

"  It  seems  to  me,  at  times,  as  if  a  curtain  had  fallen  on 
that  concluded  scene  (  !),  of  which  we  were  witnesses  and 
partly  actors,  and  that  now  a  new  spectacle  (  Widowhko) 
Tsill  begin,  the  prologue  of  which  even,  has  not  yet  been 
plaved  off.  Thus,  resigned  but  active,  let  us  await  the 
rising  of  the  curtain." 

Strangelv,  the  same  fine  thought  was  uttered 
by  Walter  Scott  in  bis  concluding  remarks  on  the 
French  Revolution  {Life  of  Napoleon')  :  "But  the 
hand  of  fate  was  on  the  curtain,  about  to  bring 
the  scene  to  light."  J.  Lotsky,  Panslave. 

15.  Gower  Street,  London. 

Old  Notice  of  "  Seven  Dials,"  London.  — 

"  East  of  that  is  a  deal  of  pleasant  planting  (the  author 
is  deseribinsr  the  policies  of  Sir  John  Maxwell  of  Nether 
Pollock  in  Renfrewshire") ;  at  your  first  entering  there  is 
a  cross  avenue  ;  one  of  the  avenues  of  the  cross  leads  east 
to  another  cross,  from  whence  six  avenues  branches  off 
almost  like  the  Seven  Dial;?,  London,  where  seven  streets 
branches  off,  viz.  1.  Great  Earl,  2.  Little  Earl  Streets; 
3.  Great  St.  Andrew's,  4.  Little  St.  Andrew's  Streets; 
6.  Great  White  Lion,  6.  Little  White  Lion  Streets ;  7.  and 
last.  Queen  Street.  The  long  cross  stone  which  stood  in 
the  middle  centre  was  seven  (feet)  square  at  the  top,  and 
a  dial  on  each  square }  which  stone  I  saw  standing  in  the 


year  1770,  but  was  down  in  the  year  1777."  —  A  History 
of  the  Shire  of  Renfreiv,  part  ii.  p.  190.,  by  George  Craw- 
furd  and  William  Semple,  Paisle3\  1782. 

Flambeaux. — The  extinguishers  for  the  links 
carried  by  the  attendants  on  the  chairs  of  the 
wealthy  diners-out  still  remain  in  Grosvenor 
Square.  Probably  they  were  last  used  for  the 
Dowager-Marchioness  of  Salisbury,  who  was 
buried  at  Hatfield  in  1835.     She  — 

"  Always  went  to  court  in  a  sedan  chair,  and  at  night 
her  carriage  was  known  by  the  flambeaux  of  the  foot- 
men." —  Raikes's  Diary,  ii.  276. 

Mackenzie  Walcott,  M.A, 


<th\xtxiti. 

SHAKSPEAKE    AND   BABNFIELD. 

Being  at  present  busily  engaged  in  the  prepa- 
ration and  printing  of  my  new  edition  of  Shak- 
speare's  Plays  and  Poems,  with  a  revisal  of  the 
text  and  notes  of  my  former  impression  of  1843 
and  1844,  I  am  very  desirous  of  obtaining  all  the 
information  I  can  procure  regarding  Richard 
Barnfield,  who  has  had  the  honour,  as  it  now  ap- 
pears, not  of  having  poems  by  him  imputed  to 
Shakspeare,  but  of  having  poems  by  Shakspeare 
imputed  to  him.  The  general  belief,  for  about 
the  last  century,  has  been,  that  certain  produc- 
tions in  verse,  really  by  Barnfield,  and  published 
by  him  in  1598,  had  been  falsely  attributed  to  our 
great  dramatist ;  but  not  long  since  I  wrote  a 
letter  to  The  Athenaum,  the  effect  of  which,  I 
apprehend,  would  be  to  deprive  Barnfield  of  the 
pieces  in  question  (inserted  in  The  Passionate 
Pilgrim,  1599),  and  to  restore  them  to  their 
actual  author,  Shakspeare. 

The  matter  now  seems  to  He  in  a  nutshell :  — 
They  were  printed  as  Barnfield's  in  1598  ;  they 
were  printed  as  Shakspeare's  in  1599  ;  and  when 
Barnfield  reprinted  his  productions  in  1605,  he 
excluded  those  which  had  been  printed  in  1599  as 
Shakspeare's.  The  inference  seems  to  me  in- 
evitaMe,  that  they  were  by  Shakspeare  and  not 
by  Barnfield.  I  formerly  thought  that  Barnfield 
had,  in  a  manner,  reclaimed  his  property  in  1605  ; 
but  the  very  reverse  is  the  fact :  and  those  poems 
in  The  Passionate  Pilgrim,  which  are  there  as- 
signed to  Shakspeare,  but  which  were  formerly 
supposed  to  be  Barnfield's,  may  now,  without 
much  hesitation,  be  taken  from  Barnfield  and 
given  to  Shakspeare.  Hence  we  may  perhaps 
conclude  that  W.  Jaggard,  the  publisher  of  The 
Passionate  Pugrim,  was  not  quite  as  much  of  a 
I  rogue  as  was  formerly  imagined. 

It  then  becomes  a  question  how  Shakspeare's 
poems,  in  The  Passionate  Pilgrim  of  1599,  came 
to  be  published  as  Barnfield's  in  1598.     Bara- 


2nd  S.  NO  27.,  July  5. '66.1 


.Js^OTES  AND  QUERIES. 


9 


field's  Encomion  of  Lady  Pecunia  was  "  printed 
by  G.  S.  foi'  John  Jaggard"  in  tliat  year.  Al- 
though a  thin  tract,  it  is  divided  into  four  parts, 
and  every  part  has  a  separate  title-page  and  im- 
print, but  the  first  only  bears  the  name  of  the 
author,  "Richard  Barnfeild,  graduate  in  Oxford:" 
neither  does  the  first  title-page  mention  any  of 
the  three  other  distinct  portions  of  the  volume. 
It  is  to  be  observed  also  (a  circumstance  that 
escaped  my  notice  when  I  wrote  to  The  AthencBum), 
that  after  "  The  Encomion  of  Lady  Pecunia," 
*  forming  the  first  portion  of  the  volume,  and  which 
alone  has  the  name  of  Barnfield  upon  the  title- 
page,  a  new  set  of  signatures  at  the  bottom  of  the 
page  begins.  "The  Encomion  of  Lady  Pecunia" 
begins  on  A  2  (A  1  having  formed  the  fly-leaf), 
and  ends  on  C  4.  Then  we  arrive  at  a  new  title- 
page,  "  The  Complaint  of  Poetrie,  for  the  Death 
of  Liberalitie,"  which  begins  on  sig.  A  1,  and  ends 
on  sig.  C  2.  The  title-page  of  the  third  division 
of  the  work,  "  The  Combat  betvveene  Conscience 
and  Covetousnesse  in  the  Minde  of  Man"  is  upon 
sig.  C  3,  and  it  goes  on  as  far  as  sig.  D  4.  The 
fourth  division  of  the  work,  "  Poems  in  Divers 
Humors,"  has  its  separate  title-page  on  sig.  E  1  ; 
and  on  sig.  E  4  the  whole  ends.  The  imprint 
upon  the  four  title-pages  is  precisely  in  the  same 
■vrords  and  figures,  viz.,  "  London,  printed  by  G. 
S.  for  lohn  laggard ;  and  are  to  be  solde  at  his 
shoppe  neere  Temple-barre,  at  the  Signe  of  the 
Hand  and  starre,  1598."  The  poems,  formerly 
in  dispute  between  Shakspeare  and  Barnfield,  are 
in  the  fourth  division  of  the  volume,  "  Poems  in 
divers  humors." 

My  mistaken  notion,  twelve  years  ago,  was,  that 
Barnfield,  in  1605,  had  republished  the  whole  of 
what  had  first  appeared  in  1598.  This  is  not  so. 
In  1605  he  prefixed  a  general  title-page,  men- 
tioning only  three  of  the  four  divisions  of  his 
original  work,  viz.  —  1.  "Lady  Pecunia,  or  The 
Praise  of  Money."  2.  "  A  Combat  betwixt  Con- 
science and  Covetousnesse;"  and  3.  "  The  Com- 
plaint of  Poetry,  or  the  Death  of  Liberality."  He 
says  not  one  word  about  what  had  been  his  fourth 
division  in  1508,  "Poems  in  divers  humors;"  but 
still,  on  the  very  last  leaf  of  the  impression  of 
1605,  Barnfield  places  "A  Rernembrance  of  some 
English  Poets,"  which  had  appeared  as  one  of  the 
"  Poems  in  divers  humors,"  in  1598.  All  the  rest 
he  seems  purposely  to  have  excluded,  as  if  they 
were  not  his. 

As  I  have  the  necessary  books  upon  my  table, 
I  will  subjoin  an  enumeration  of  the  contents  of 
"  Poems  in  divers  humors,"  including,  of  course, 
those  which  I  now  suppose  Shakspeare  to  have 
written,  and  which  are  mixed  *up  with  other 
pieces,  some  of  them  of  a  personal  nature. 

1.  Six  lines,  at  the  back  of  the  title,  "To  the 
learned  and  accomplisht  Gentleman,  Maister  Ni- 


cholas Blackleech  of  Grayes  Inne,"  without  any 
signature. 

2.  "  Sonnet  to  his  friend  Maister  R.  L.  in 
praise  of  Musique  and  Poetrie  :'  this  is  No.  "VIII. 
in  The  Passionate  Pilgrim  (see  my  edit.,  vol.  viii. 
p.  566.). 

3.  "  Sonnet  against  the  Dispraysers  of  Poetrie :" 
it  mentions  Chaucer,  Gower,  Lord  Surrey,  Sir  P. 
Sidney,  Gascoigne,  and  the  King  of  Scots. 

4.  "  A  Remembrance  of  some  English  Poets," 
in  eighteen  lines :  it  speaks  of  Spenser,  Daniel, 
Drayton,  and  Shakspeare. 

5.  "  An  Ode,"  beginning  "  An  it  fell  upon  a 
day:"  it  is  inserted  in  27te  Passionate  Pilgrim, 
No.  XXL  (see  my  edit.,  vol.  viii.  p.  577.).  The 
poem  beginning  "  Whilst  as  fickle  fortune  smilde," 
which  I  treated  as  a  separate  production,  is  here 
united  with  that  which  precedes  it. 

6.  Some  lines  thus  headed  "  Written  at  the 
request  of  a  Gentleman  under  a  Gentlewoman's 
Picture  :"  it  consists  of  six  fourteen-syllable  lines. 

7.  "  An  Epitaph  upon  the  Death  of  Sir  Philip 
Sidney,  Knight,  Lord-governour  of  Vlissing  :"  it 
is  in  ten  long  lines  in  couplets. 

8.  "  An  Epitaph  upon  the  Death  of  his  Aunt, 
Mistresse  Elizabeth  Skrymsher  :"  it  is  in  twenty- 
four  long  lines,  in  couplets. 

"A  Comparison  of  the  Life  of  Man  :"  it  is  a 
seven-line  stanza,  followed  by  the  word  "  Finis." 
This,  as  well  as  "  A  Remembrance  of  some  En- 
glish Poets,"  is  reprinted  in  Barnfield's  edition  of 
1605. 

The  two  impressions  of  "  Lady  Pecunia,"  in 
1598  and  in  1605,  I  have  before  me.  I  have  also 
copies  of  Barnfield's  Affectionate  Shepheard,  1594 
(Ritson,  by  mistake,  dates  it  15t6);  and  of  his 
Cynthia,  with  certaine  Sonnets,  1595.  In  the  ad- 
dress "  to  the  courteous  gentleman  Readers,"  be- 
fore the  last,  Barnfield  repudiates  "  two  books," 
which  had  been  untruly  imputed  to  him  :  he  pro- 
bably means  Greene's  Funerals,  1594,  and  Or- 
pheus his  Journey  to  Hell,  1595,  both  of  which 
were  put  forth  with  his  initials.  Therefore,  in 
1598,  it  would  have  been  no  novelty  to  him  to 
have  other  men's  productions  printed  as  his,  since 
the  practice  had  begun  in  1594,  and  he  had  com- 
plained of  it  in  1595. 

In  reference  to  "  As  it  fell  upon  a  day,"  it  may 
be  noticed,  that  thcmgh  published  as  Barnfield's 
in  1598,  and  as  Shakspeare's  in  1599,  the  real 
authorship  of  it  was  so  little  ascertained  in  1600, 
that  it  was  printed  in  that  year  in  England's 
Helicon,  under  the  signature  of  Ignoto.  If  any  of 
your  readers  can  throw  light  upon  this  subject, 
or  add  to  the  list  of  Barnfield's  performances, 
whether  in  print  or  in  manuscript,  they  will  con- 
fer a  favour  upon  J.  Patne  Cojulieb. 

Maidenhead. 


10 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


r2ndS.  N'ST^JuLS-S. '56. 


Monson  Township  in  Massachusetts.  —  Among 
the  intelligent  contributors  on  the  other  side  of 
the  Atlanuc  to  "N.  &  Q,"  some  one  may  be  able 
to  explain  whence  originated  the  name  of  Monson 
Township  in  Massachusetts.  Some  members  of 
a  younger  (Catholic)  branch  of  the  Monson  family 
are  believed  to  have  emigrated  to  the  United 
States  about  160  years  ago,  and  the  name  is  said 
to  be  not  uncommon  there.  Are  any  particulars 
known  of  their  early  colonial  lineage,  or  could 
they  be  obtained  from  provincial  histories  or  any 
documents  like  parochial  registers  ?  Monson. 

Gatton  Park. 

Germination  of  Seeds  long  buried.  —  It  has  been 
stated  that  botanists  have  discovered  new  varieties, 
and  even  new  plants,  in  railway  cuttings,  from 
seeds  which  had  long  been  buried  having  ger- 
minated on  exposure  to  the  air  and  light.  Where 
can  an  account  of  such  plants  be  seen  ?  And 
what  plants  have  been  noticed  ?  E.  M. 

Oxford. 

Allow.  — What  is  the  meaning  of  this  word  in 
the  Baptismal  Service  —  "  and  nothing  doubting 
but  that  He  favourably  alloweth  this  charitable 
work  of  ours,"  &c. 

The  Church  does  not  teach  that  infant  baptism 
is  merely  a  thing  allowed  or  permitted,  but  that 
it  is  commanded.  In  Romans  vii.  15.  ov  yivdxTKu 
is  rendered  by  the  authorized  version,  "I  allow 
not,"  and  by  Moses  Stuart,  "  I  disapprove."  Again 
in  Luke  xi.  48.,  avuivSdKeirs  is  rendered,  "ye  allow." 
Many  instances  might  be  brought  to  show  that 
allow  formerly  had  the  meaning  approve,  or  ap- 
plaud. Two  occur  closely  together  in  Latimer's 
Sermons  (ed.  Parker  Society),  p.  176. :  "  Ezekias 
did  not  follow  the  steps  of  his  father  Ahaz,  and 
was  well  allowed  in  it."  And  again,  p.  177. 
"  Much  less  we  Englishmen,  if  there  be  any  such 
in  England,  may  be  ashamed.  I  wonder  with 
what  conscience  folk  can  hear  such  things  and 
allow  it."  Of  course  in  this  sense  the  word  is  de- 
rived from  ad,  and  laudare.  E.  G.  R. 

Butler  Posse.ssions  in  Wiltshire,  Bedfordshire, 
and  Essex.  —  In  13  Hen.  IV.  Sir  William  Butler, 
on  his  son's  marriage  with  his  wife  Isabella, 
settled  a  moiety  of  East  and  West  Grafton  and 
Woolton,  in  Wiltshire ;  a  moiety  of  the  manor  of 
Stoppesley  (near  Luton),  called  Halynges,  in 
Bedfordshire ;  a  moiety  of  the  manor  of  Chalk- 
well  in  Essex  ;  and  a  messuage  called  Houghton's, 
and  one  hundred  acres  of  land,  and  twenty  acres 
of  pasture,  with  the  appurtenances,  in  Berdfield 
in  the  same  county.  These  possessions  occur  in 
family  deeds  of  the  Butlers  in  9th,  19th,  and  31st 
Hen.  VI.,  20  Rdw.  IV.,  and  14  Hen.  VIL  All  of 
them,  except  perhaps  Stoppesley,  appear  to  have 


been  originally  a  portion  of  the  possessions  of  the 
great  family  of  Clare  ;  and  the  IButlers,  who  held 
them  as  mesne  lords,  probably  acquired  them  by 
the  marriage  of  some  co-heiress.  Any  of  your 
readers  acquainted  with  county  history  will  confer 
a  favour  by  stating  how  and  when  the  Butlers 
acquired  the  above  properties.  B. 

Cor.sican  Brothers  :  Nicholas  and  Andrew  Tre- 
maine.  —  In  the  Church  of  Lamerton,  near  Tavi- 
stock, are  the  effigies  of  Nicholas  and  Andrew 
Tremaine,  twin  brothers,  born  in  that  parish,  of 
whom  it  is  related  that  not  only  were  they  so 
alike  in  person  that  their  familiar  acquaintances 
could  not  always  distinguish  them  apart,  but  that 
an  extraordinary  sympathy  existed  between  them, 
for  even  when  at  a  distance  from  each  other  they 
performed  the  same  functions,  had  the  same  appe- 
tites and  desires,  and  suffered  the  same  pains  and 
anxieties  at  the  same  time.  They  were  killed  to- 
gether at  Newhaven  in  1663.* 

Can  any  of  your  correspondents  authenticate 
these,  or  furnish  any  further  particulars  relating 
to  these  individuals  ?  Under  what  circumstances 
did  they  die  ?  R.  W.  Hackwood. 

Reginald  Bligh,  of  Queen's  College,  Cambridge 
(B.A.  1779),  was  an  unsuccessful  candidate  fi»  a 
Fellowship  in  that  College,  and  published  a 
pamphlet  on  the  subject.  Information  is  re- 
quested as  to  his  subsequent  career. 

C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 

Cambridge. 

Rev.  Charles  Hotham,  originally  of  Christ's 
College,  Cambridge,  and  afterwards  Fellow  of 
Peterhouse,  published  various  works  between 
1648  and  1655.  We  shall  be  glad  of  further  par- 
ticulars respecting  him,  especially  the  date  of  his 
death,  and  the  place  of  his  sepulture. 

C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 

Cambridge. 

Thomas  Hood,  M.D.,  sometime  Fellow  of  Tri- 
nity College  in  Cambridge,  and  afterwards  teacher 
of  the  mathematics  in  London,  published  various 
works  in  and  previously  to  1598.  Is  the  date  of 
his  death  known  ?  C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 
Cambridge. 

Lawn  Billiards. — In  my  young  days,  when  this 
game  was  introduced,  it  was  called  Troco.  To 
what  country  does  this  name  belong  ?  Not  to 
Morocco,  where  the  game  is  played,  with  some 
deviation  in  the  form  of  the  stick  or  cue. 

F.  C.  B. 
Diss. 
. ,« 

[*  These  twins  are  noticed  in  our  1''  S.  xi.  84.,  but  the 
date  of  their  deaths  is  there  given  as  in  15G2.  To  avoid 
recapitulations,  we  would  recommend  our  correspondents 
to  consult  the  General  Index  to  our  First  Series  previously 
to  forwarding  their  communications.] 


2«<>  S.  N"  27.,  July  5.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


n 


Quotation.  —  Where  are  the  following  lines  to 
be  found  ? 

"  Sleep,  thou  hast  oft  been  called  the  friend  of  woe, 
But  'tis  the  happy  who  have  called  thee  so." 

Erica. 
The  Gipsies. — Can  you,  or  any  of  your  readers, 
furnish  me  with  any  authorities  on  gipsy  manners 
and  customs  besides  Grellman,  throuj^h  Raper's 
translation,  Marsden  (for  the  language),  and 
Iloyland  ?  I  am  pretty  well  off  for  historical 
accounts  of  these  people,  but  what  I  desire  is  in- 
formation concerning  their  rites  and  ceremonies. 

Wm.  a.  Burkett. 

Tale  wanted.  —  Can  any  of  your  correspondents 
tell  me  in  what  tale  a  character  is  introduced  who 
had  been  branded  for  some  crime  ?  He  moves  in 
respectable  society,  and  is  noted  only  for  a  like- 
ness to  the  criminal.  When  suspicions  are  at 
length  aroused,  he  affects  to  consider  it  beneath 
him  to  do  anything  to  remove  them.  The  scene 
is,  I  think,  laid  in  Germany.  a.  /3. 

Lord  Charles  Paulett.  —  Sir  John  Huband, 
Bart.,  of  Ipsley,  married  Jane,  dau.  of  Lord 
Charles  Paulett,  of  Dowlas,  Hants,  and  died  in 
IZIO.  Can  you  tell  me,  1.  Who  was  the  father 
of  this  Lord  Charles  Paulett  ?  2.  ^Vho  was  the 
wife  by  whom  he  had  this  daughter  Jane  ? 

Sir  John  Huband  was  the  first  baronet  of  that 

family,  and  the   record   of  his  marriage  may  be 

found  in  Burke's  Landed  Gentry,  under  the  head 

of  "  Huband  of  Ipsley."  G.  W. 

New  York. 

Edinburgh  Plays.  —  Is  anything  known  re- 
garding the  authors  of  the  following  plays,  per- 
formed at  Edinburgh  ?  1.  Lawyers  and  their 
Clients,  or  Love's  Suitors,  a  comic  sketch  in  three 
acts.  This  comedy  (which  was  said  to  be  the  first 
dramatic  attempt  of  a  gentleman  of  Edinburgh) 
was  performed  several  times  in  the  early  part  of 
1815.  2.  The  Stepmother,  or  Frate?-nal  Love,  a 
new  tragedy,  written  by  a  gentleman  of  Edin- 
burgh ;  acted  at  Edinburgh  in  January,  1815. 
S.  The  Wild  Lndian  Girl,  a  comedy,  acted  at 
Edinburgh,  1815.  The  part  of  Zelie  In  this  co- 
medy   was    performed     by    Mrs.    H.    Siddons. 

4.  Scotch  Marriage  Laws,  or  the  Deacon  and  Her 
Deputy,  a  new  farce,  for  the  benefit  of  Mr.  Jones, 
announced  for  performance  on  April  26,  1823: 
said  to  be  written  by  an  inhabitant  of  Edinburgh. 

5.  Love's  Machinations,  a  new  melodrama,  by  a 
gentleman  of  Edinburgh,  acted  at  the  Caledonian 
Theatre,  Feb.  14,  1825.  6.  The  Phrenologist,  a 
comic  drama,  written  by  a  literary  character  of 
Edinburgh,  acted  in  1825.  7.  The  Mason's 
Daughter,  a  masonic  interlude,  by  a  Brother  of  fhe 
Craft,  announced  for  performance  at  the  Cale- 
donian Theatre,  May,  1825,     8.  The  Recluse,  or 


Elshie  of  the  Moor,  a  melodrama  in  two  acts,  by 
a  gentleman  of  Edinburgh,  to  be  performed  for 
the  benefit  of  Mr.  Denham,  1825.  9.  The  Or- 
phan Boy,  or  the  Bridge  of  the  Alps,  announced 
for  performance  in  December,  1825  :  said  to  be 
written  by  a  gentleman  of  Edinburgh.  R.  J. 

"  Present  for  an  Apprentice.'^  —  Is  there  any 
evidence  as  to  the  author  of  A  Present  for  an 
Apprentice,  or  a  sure  Guide  to  gain  both  Esteem 
and  an  Estate,  by  a  late  Lord  Mayor  of  London. 

The  copy  before  me  is  called  the  Second  Edi- 
tion, with  a  great  variety  of  improvements.  Taken 
from  a  "  correct  copy  found  among  the  author's 
papers  since  the  publication  of  the  first."  London, 
1740,  8vo.  J.  M.  (2.) 

"  The  Peers,  a  Satire."  —  I  have  a  poem  of  no 
great  value  entitled  The  Peers,  a  Satire,  by  Hum- 
phrey Hedghog,  Junior,  London,  no  date,  but  I 
think  from  the  matter  about  1816.  The  names 
are  never  fully  printed,  and  the  notes  are  rather 
copious  than  explanatory.  Perhaps  some  of  your 
readers  may  assist  me  to  the  meaning  of  the  blanks 
in  the  following  passage,  and  say  whence  is  taken 
the  strange  Latin  of  which  it  is  an  imitation  : 

"  Elate  to  soar  above  a  silent  vote 
Upsprings  the  D — e  to  speak  what  H —  wrote, 
But  horrors  unexpected  check  his  speed. 
He  fumbles  at  his  hat,  but  cannot  read. 
On  E — 's  brows  hang  violence  and  fear. 
In  G — y's  cold  ej-e  he  reads  a  polished  sneer; 
His  garden  nymphs  in  silence  mourn  his  state. 
And  caperous  [sic]  L —  dares  not  strive  with  fate. 
A  panic  terror  o'er  his  senses  comes. 
Loosens  his  knees  and  sets  his  twitching  thumbs, 
He  sinks  into  his  place,  then  quits  the  peers, 
And  swells  the  gutter  with  spontaneous  tears." 

A  note  refers  to  the  following  quotation,  but 
does  not  say  whence  It  is  taken  : 

"  Non  Boream  immemorem  reliquit  Nymphse, 
Sed  ipsi  nullus  auxiliatus  est.    Amor  autem  non 

coercuit.  fata. 
Undique  autem  adcumulati  male  obvio  fluctus  im- 

petu 
Impulsus  ferebatur,  pedum  autem  ei  defecit  vigor, 
Et  vis  fuit  immobilis  inquietarum  manuum,       . 
Multa   autem  spontanea    effusio    aquas    fluebat    in 

guttur." 

I  shall  be  obliged  by  reference  to  the  original 
of  this  strange  Latin,  which  cannot  be  verse, 
though  printed  like  it.  R.  H.  Seed. 

Lrish  Church,  anno  1695. — A  gentleman  high 
in  office  in  Ireland,  writing  from  Dublin  in  April 
of  the  above  year,  to  Burnet,  Bishop  of  Salisbury, 
makes  use  of  the  following  language,  which  the 
context  no  way  throws  light  on : 

"  Since  of  mj'  knowlege  a  resident  clergy  is  not  to  be 
brought  about  in  this  place,  for  y"  next  3  yeares  to  com", 
I  thought  I  might  according  to  y"  custom  of  y«  country 
take  (but  w*  y'^  leave)  a  temporary  curatt  for  my  one 
Son,  till  yee  had  persuaded  those  for  y''  many  Sons,  to 


12 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  No  27.,  July  5.  '66. 


become  perpetual),  y/'^^  I  feare  is  not  to  be  hoped  for  in  y^ 
days  nor  mine ;  yet  since  }•"■  Lpps.  are  so  afraid  of  an  ill 
precedent,  I  would  there  were  more  of  y''  mind,  for  tho' 
I  might  not  as  now  find  my  Convenience  in  such  severity, 
yet  my  safety  I  should  bothe  in  Church  and  State." 

Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  say  whether  at 
the  time  in  question  there  was  any  restriction  on 
incumbents  in  Ireland  employing  tempora7-y  cu- 
rates ?  One  would  think  from  the  foregoing,  that 
all  curates  engaged  were  to  be  retained  for  a 
term,  or  for  the  duration  of  the  incumbency. 

Where  can  a  list  of  Irish  incumbents,  anno  1695, 
be  seen  ?  If  this  should  meet  the  eye  of  Mb. 
D'Alton,  he  no  doubt  could  and  would  assist  me. 

L.  M. 

P.S. — I  should  also  be  glad  to  be  informed 
where  I  could  meet  with  the  best  account  of  the 
career  of  the  Lords  Justices  of  Ireland  1693  to 
1695  ? 

English  Translation  of  Aristotle^ s  "  Organon." — 
Will  some  of  your  correspondents  refer  me  to  a 
good  English  translation  of  the  prior  posterior 
Analytics  of  the  Stagirite  ?  The  more  speedy  the 
reply,  the  more  welcome. 

C.  Mansfield  Ingleby. 

Releat.  —  What  is  the  derivation  of  this  word, 
which  I  heard  at  Walton-on-the-Naze  used  thus  : 
"  When  you  come  to  the  three  releats"  &c.,  a 
spot  where  three  roads  meet  ?  F.  C.  B. 

Temple  the  Regicide.  —  By  the  act  of  the  Com- 
mons of  England  for  the  trying  and  judging  of 
Charles  Stuart,  King  of  England,  as  set  out  in 
the  State  Trials,  I  find,  named  amongst  the  com- 
missioners, three  of  the  name  of  Temple,  viz.  Sir 
Peter  Temple,  Knight  Baronet,  James  Temple 
and  Peter  Temple,  Esquires.  Sir  Peter  Temple 
was  no  doubt  the  second  baronet  of  that  name, 
the  eldest  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Temple,  created  in 
1611,  the  progenitor  of  the  Buckingham  family. 
Sir  Peter  seems  to  have  shrunk  from  sitting  under 
this  commission,  for  I  do  not  find  bis  name 
amongst  those  who  attended  at  the  various  meet- 
ings which  took  place  during  the  trial ;  but  the 
other  two,  James  and  Peter  Temple,  seem  to  have 
been  men  of  different  pith,  and  not  to  have  been 
ashamed  or  afraid  of  acting  under  a  commission 
which  declared  its  bold  purpose,  "  To  the  end  no 
chief  officer  or  magistrate  whatsoever  may  here- 
after presume  traiterously  or  maliciously  to 
imagine  or  contrive  the  enslaving  or  destroying  of 
the  English  Nation,  and  to  expect  impunity  for  so 
doing ;  "  for  I  find  their  two  names  recorded  at 
nearly  every  meeting  of  the  commissioners,  and 
also  signed  to  the  death  warrant.  Can  I  be  in- 
formed through  your  columns  of  what  branch  of 
the  Temple  family  these  bold  patriots  were  ? 
Were  they  related  to  Sir  Peter  the  timid,  and 
bow  ?    Wh^t  became  of  them  at  the  Restoration  ? 


and  whether  any  of  their  descendants  can  still  be 
traced?  and  where  I  should  be  likely  to  obtain 
information  ?  Sir  Thomas,  the  first  baronet,  is 
said  to  have  had  thirteen  children,  but  he  would 
scarcely  have  two  sons  named  Peter  ? 

R.  G.  Temple. 
The  Lache,  Chester. 


Monti's  '■'■Death  of  Basseville."  —  In  Forsyth's 
Remarks  on  Antiquities,  Ai'ts,  and  Letters,  during 
an  Excursion  in  Italy,  it  is  said,  with  relation  to 
Vincenzo  Monti,  author  of  several  tragedies,  that 
"  his  Death  of  Basseville  made  him  a  public  man." 
Can  you  afford  any  information  respecting  the 
subject  of  the  latter  work,  or  otherwise  illustra- 
tive of  the  passage  quoted  from  Forsyth.       T.  H. 

[Hugo  Basseville,  the  hero  of  Monti's  most  celebrated 
performance,  was  born  at  Abbeville  about  1755.  In  com- 
pliance with  the  paternal  wish  he  entered  on  the  study 
of  theology,  but  from  the  natural  bent  of  his  own  mind 
devoted  himself  to  literary  pursuits,  and  repaired  to 
Paris  in  quest  of  fame  and  fortune.  Visiting  Berlin  he 
became  acquainted  with  the  elder  Mirabeau,  which  gave 
rise  to  an  intimate  friendship  with  that  celebrated  indi- 
vidual. From  Berlin  he  proceeded  to  Holland,  where  he 
wrote  several  works,  tainted  with  that  impious  licence 
of  profane  wit  exercised  by  Voltaire  with  such  a  deso- 
lating and  filial  effect.  At  the  commencement  of  the 
Revokition  Basseville  adhered  with  commendable  fidelity 
to  the  ro3'al  cause,  and  conducted  a  daily  journal,  the 
Mercure  National,  which  had  for  its  motto,  "  II  faut  un 
Eoi  aux  Fran9ais."  At  this  time  none  of  his  friends  sus- 
pected any  inclination  in  him  towards  that  excess  of 
democratic  fanaticism  to  which,  whether  impelled  by 
poverty,  or  by  a  guilty  ambition,  he  presently  abandoned 
himself.  In  1792  he  was  nominated  Secretary  of  Lega- 
tion at  the  Court  of  Naples.  In  the  following  year  a  few 
of  his  countrj'men,  more  reckless  than  himself,  were  too 
successful  in  urging  him  to  the  rash  experiment  of  which 
his  life  was  the  forfeit.  This  event  occurred  on  Jan.  14, 
1793,  when  it  appears  that,  with  a  view  of  obtaining  a 
demonstration  of  the  public  feeling,  Basseville  appeared 
in  the  streets  of  Rome  wearing  the  badge  of  revolutionary 
principles,  the  tricolored  cockade.  This  dangerous  step 
excited  the  populace  to  a  pitch  of  phrenzy,  and  the  envoy 
was  stabbed  in  the  stomach  by  a  person  of  the  lowest 
class.  How  bitterly  he  repented  his  folly  may  be  inferred 
from  the  words  that  escaped  his  lips  almost  with  his 
latest  breath,  "Je  meurs  la  victime  d'un  fou."  The 
poem,  The  Death  of  Basseville,  is  the  production  of  Monti 
on  which  his  fame  chiefly  rests  in  his  own  country,  where 
it  is  familiarly  styled  the  Bassevilliad,  and  often  cited  as 
the  masterpiece  of  the  author,  and  of  later  Italian  poetry. 
The  poem  had  an  astonishing  success ;  eighteen  editions 
of  it  appeared  in  the  course  of  six  months.  Ajx  English 
translation  was  published  anonymously  in  1845,  but  at- 
tributed to  Adam  Lodge,  Esq.,  M.A.,  which  contains  a 
biographical  sketch  of  Hugo  Basseville,  and  some  charac- 
teristic notices  of  the  poetical  genius  of  Monti.] 

Palavacini.  —  There  are  some  well-known  lines 
about  Baron  Palavacini,  but  they  have  escaped 
my  memory,  and  as  I  do  not  know  where  to  find 
them,  I  shall  feel  obliged  if  any  of  your  readers 


2nd  s.  N"  27.,  July  6.  '56.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


13 


will  tell  me  in  what  book  I  can  see  a  copy  of 
tbem. 

I  shall  be  glad  also  of  any  particulars  about 
Baron  Palavacini  and  his  descendants.  .No  me- 
morial of  them  remains  at  Babraham,  near  Cam- 
bridge, where  he  once  lived,  nor  is  there  any 
monument  to  the  family  in  the  church. 

Henry  Kensington. 

[Sir  Horatio  Palavacini,  a  Genoese,  was  one  of  the  col- 
lectors of  the  Pope's  dues  in  the  reign  of  Queen  Mary, 
which,  having  sacrilegiously  pocketed  in  the  time  of  Queen 
Elizabeth,  enabled  him  to  purchase  two  estates,  one  at 
IJabrahani  (formerly  spelt  Baberham),  and  the  other  at 
Shelford,  which  came  to  his  two  sons,  who  were  knighted 
by  Islizabeth  and  James  I.  (Morant's  Essex,  i.  8.  26.) 
Sir  Horatio  was  naturalised  by  patent  in  1586,  and  is 
mentioned  in  the  tirst  edition  of  Walpole's  Anecdotes  of 
Painting,  vol.  i.  p.  IGO.,  as  an  "arras-painter;"  in  the 
second  edition  of  tiiat  work  is  the  following  epitaph, 
quoted  from  a  MS.  of  Sir  John  Crew  of  Utliington : 

"  Here  lies  Horatio  Palavazene, 

Who  robb'd  the  Pope  to  lend  the  Queene. 

He  was  a  thief.     A  thief !     Thou  lyest ; 

For  wide?  he  robb'd  but  Antichrist. 

Him  Death  wyth  besorae  swept  from  Babram, 

Into  the  bosom  of  oulde  Abraham. 

But  then  came  Hercules  with  his  elub. 

And  struck  him  down  to  Beelzebub." 
Sir  Horatio  died  July  G,  IGOO,  and  on  July  7,  1601,  his 
widow  married  Sir  Oliver  Cromwell,  the  Protector's  uncle. 
(See  Noble's  3femoirs  of  the  Cromwells,  vol.  ii.  p.  178.,  and 
Burke's  Landed  Gentry,  art.  Cromwell.)  Palavacini  was 
one  of  the  commanders  against  the  Spanish  Armada  in 
1588,  and  his  portrait  is  preserved  amongst  those  heroes 
in  the  borders  of  the  tapestry  in  the  House  of  Lords,  en- 
graved by  Pine.  He  was  also  employed  by  Queen  Eliza- 
beth in  his  negotiations  with  the  German  princes.  Consult 
Jyvsons's  Cambridgeshire,  vol.  ii.  p.  82.,  and  Gough's  Cam- 
den, yo\.  ii.  p.  139.] 

"  Tantnm  Ergo."  —  During  the  present  month 
(June,  1856)  at  a  dedication  of  a  Roman  Catholic 
chapel  in  Rathmines,  near  Dublin,  the  following 
psalms  were  chaunted  by  the  choir  ;  "  Miserere  " ' 
(51st,  56th,  or  57th),  "Fundamentaejus  "  (87th), 
"  Levavi  oculos  "  (120th),  "Lsetatus  sum" 
(122nd),  and  "  Tantum  ergo."  Is  "  Tantum  ergo," 
a  psalm,  and  if  not,  where  shall  I  find  these  words 
in  the  Latin  version  of  the  sacred  Scriptures  ? 

EiN  Fbagek. 

[We  take  this  to  be  the  hymn  sung  at  the  celebration 
of  the  Sacrament : 

"  Tantum  ergo  Sacramentum 
Veneremur  cernui,"  &c. 
See  The  Ordinary  of  the  Holy  Mass.'} 

Harp  in  the  Arms  of  Ireland  (2"^  S.  i.  480.)  — 
Will  your  correspondent  say  where  the  observa- 
tions of  the  Rev.  Richard  Butler  of  Trim  are  to 
be  found  ?  (See  Ansiver  to  this  Query ^  P'  S.  xii. 
29.)  G. 

[The  Kev.  R.  Butler's  observations  will  be  found  in  the 
Numismatic  Journal,  vol.  ii.  p.  70.  See  also  Dr.  Aquilla 
Smith's  paper,  "  On  the  Irish  Coins  of  Edward  the 
Fourth,"  in  the  Transactions  of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy, 
Yol.  xix„  Dublin,  1843.]  . 


THE   ABM8   OP  GLASGOW. 

(2"*  S.  i.  468.) 

The  salmon  holding  a  gold  ring  in  its  mouth, 
which  forms  a  conspicuous  figure  in  the  armorial 
bearings  of  the  Church  of  Glasgow,  is  a  comme- 
moration of  an  incident  related  in  Jocelin's  Life 
of  St.  Kentigern,  cap.  xxxvi.  p.  273.,  ap.  Vitas 
antiquas  SS.  Scoto-Britannice,  Lond.  1789,  pub- 
lished by  Pinkerton.  This  saint  is  commonly 
called  St.  Mungo. 

The  recovery  of  a  lost  ring,  or  other  small  ob- 
ject, in  this  manner  is  attested  by  many  ancient, 
and  even  modern  storie# —  by  history,  by  legends, 
by  observation,  and  perhaps  I  might  add  without 
any  irreverence,  by  the  account  of  the  miiacu- 
lously  found  tribute  money  recorded  by  St.  Mat- 
thew and  by  St.  Mark.  The  classical  reader  will 
at  once  remember  what  Herodotus  has  related  of 
the  ring  of  Polycrates.  The  ancient  Indian  drama 
of  Sacontala  has  a  similar  incident. 

In  the  Life  of  St.  Kenny,  Abbot  of  Aghaboe, 
who  lived  in  the  same  age  with  Sr.  Kentigern, 
there  is  a  similar  narrative.  St.  Kenny  is  related 
to  have  fettered  the  feet  of  one  of  his  disciples 
("  alligavit  pedes  ejus  compede  ne  vagus  esset,  et 
clavem  compedis  ejus,  S.  Cainnicus  projecit  in 
mare  "),  and  then  to  have  thrown  the  key  of  the 
fetter  into  the  sea,  between  Ireland  and  Britain. 
The  legend  then  proceeds  to  tell  how  the  disciple 
remained  thus  fettered  for  seven  years,  and  that 
then  St.  Kenny,  knowing  what  was  to  happen, 
ordered  him  to  depart  from  Wales,  and  to  return 
to  Ireland,  and  there  to  make  his  abode  in  what- 
ever place  he  should  find  the  key  of  his  fetter. 
He  accordingly  went  his  way,  and  having  arrived 
in  Leinster,  and  having  met  some  fishermen  on 
the  banks  of  the  LifFey,  he  obtained  from  them  a 
large  fish,  within  which  he  found  the  key  of  his 
fetter.  This  I  quote  from  the  privately  printed 
Vita  S.  Cainnici,  Dublin,  1851,  cap.  xv.  The 
editor  in  a  note  has  adduced  various  incidents  of 
the  same  kind  from  several  sources.  Among  them 
are  those  of  the  ring  of  Polycrates ;  the  miracle  of 
the  tribute  money ;  Sacontala's  ring  ;  the  legend 
of  St.  Kentigern  ;  the  legend  of  St.  Nennidh,  re- 
lated by  Animchadh,  one  of  the  biographers  of 
St. Bridget  (Colg.  Tricis,p.  559.)  ;  and  the  similar 
story  of  St.  Maughold,  Bishop  of  Man,  which  is 
told  by  Jocelin  in  the  Life  of  St.  Patrick,  cap. 
clii.  (Colg.  Tr.,  p.  98.)  But  perhaps  more  in- 
teresting are  the  facts  which  are  enumerated  from 
modern  history,  such  as  the  loss  and  recovery  of 
Sir  Francis  Anderson's  ring,  related  by  Brand  in 
his  History  of  Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  a  valuable 
topographical  work,  which  the  editor  of  the  Life 
of  St.  Kenny  complains  that  he  could  not  find  in 
any  of  the  libraries  of  Dublin.    He  adds  severAl 


14 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2'"i  S.  Ko  27.,  JttLY  5.  ♦56. 


other  well-authenticated  recent  cases,  among  which 
is  one  of  a  small  pewter  flask,  which  had  been 
dropped  accidentally  overboard  on  the  south-west 
coast  of  Ireland,  and  having  been  subsequently 
recovered  in  the  stomach  of  a  fish,  was  displayed 
nt  a  meeting  of  the  Dublin  Natural  History  So- 
ciety, and  subsequently  presented  to  an  inspector 
of  fisheries  well  known  for  his  attention  to  ichthy- 
ological  studies.  I  should  give  the  entire  of  the 
annotation,  which  I  could  readily  augment  by 
some  more  recent  cases,  only  that  the  editor  has 
announced  his  intention  to  reprint  the  book  for 
publication  in  a  series  of  similar  hitherto  unpub- 
lished legends. 

Besides  this  Dublin  edition  of  the  Vita  S.  Cain- 
nici,  there  is  another,  but  also  privately  printed, 
the  cost  of  which  was  entirely  defrayed  by  the 
late  Marquis  of  Ormonr),  who  munificently  pre- 
sented the  copies  to  the  Kilkenny  Archaeological 
Society.  Artebus. 

Dublin. 


The  fish  and  the  ring  in  these  arms  refer  to  an 
old  legend  in  connection  with  St.  Mungo,  or 
Kentigern,  the  founder  of  the  see.  A  Imly  lost 
her  ring  while  crossing  the  Clyde,  and  her  hus- 
band thinking  she  had  bestowed  it  upon  some 
favoured  lover,  became  very  jealous  and  angry. 
In  this  dilemma  she  sought  the  advice  of  St. 
Kentigern,  who,  after  fervent  devotions,  asked 
one  who  was  fishing  to  bring  him  the  first  fish 
he  caught ;  this  was  done,  and  in  the  mouth  of  the 
fish  was  found  the  lady's  lost  ring,  which  being 
restored  to  her  husband,  he  was  convinced  of  the 
injustice  of  his  suspicions.  This  device  appears 
on  the  seal  of  Bishop  Wishart,  of  Glasgow,  as 
early  as  the  reign  of  Edward  II. 

This  legend  of  the  fish  and  the  ring,  like  many 
others,  is  to  be  found  in  most  countries  :  it  is  re- 
lated in  the  pages  of  Herodotus  and  Pliny,  and 
occurs  in  the  Koran  ;  one  instance  of  it  is  re- 
corded at  Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  and  another 
carved  on  a  monument  in  Stepney  Church. 
Moule's  beautiful  and  interesting  volume  on  the 
Heraldry  of  Fish  notices  the  subject  at  length. 

NoRRis  Deck. 

Cambridge. 


A  tradition  given  by  Archbishop  Spottiswoode 
professes  to  explain  the  fish  and  the  ring  in  these 
arms  : 

"  In  the  daj's  of  St.  Kentigern,  a  ladj'  having  lost  her 
wedding-ring,  it  stirred  up  her  husband's  jealousv,  to 
allay  which  she  applied  to  St.  Kentigern,  imploring  his 
help  for  the  safety  of  her  honour.  Not  long  after,  as  St. 
Kentigern  walked  by  the  river,  he  desired  a  person  that 
was  fishing  to  bring  him  the  first  fish  he  could  catch, 
which  was  accordingly  done,  and  from  its  mouth  was 
taken  tlie  lady's  ring,  which  he  immediately  sent  to  her 
to  remove  her  husband's  suspicion." 


In  confirmation  of  this  Bishop  Wishart's  official 
seal,  as  seen  from  the  chartulary  of  Glasgow,  in 
1279,  has  been  noticed.  One  compartment  showed 
the  bishop  seated,  while  before  him  knelt  a  person 
holding  a  fish  with  a  ring  in  its  mouth.  In  the 
middle  division  stood  the  king  with  a  drawn  sword 
in  his  right  hand,  and  on  his  left  the  queen 
crowned,  and  having  in  her  right  hand  a  ring.  The 
bishop  in  his  robes  knelt  praying,  in  the  lower 
compartment.  The  legend  circumscribed  was 
"  Rex  furit,  haec  plorat,  patet  aurum  dum  sacer 
orat." 

If  the  Glaswegians  of  a  former  day  had  been 
fiXmous  for  their  imaginative  faculties,  the  follow- 
ing lines  by  Dr.  Main,  once  professor  of  the 
theory  and  practice  of  physic  in  our  Universitj', 
might  be  taken  as  expressive  of  the  thoughts 
which  led  them  to  fix  on  the  present  armorial 
bearings  : 

"  Salmo  maris,  terrieque  arbor,  avis  aeris,  urbi, 
Promittunt,  quicquid  trina  elementa  ferunt: 

Et  campana,  frequens  celebret  quod  numinis  aras  [ 
Urbs,  superesse  Polo  non  peritura  docet : 

Neve  qnis  dubitet  sociari  aeterna  caducis, 
Annulis  id  pignus  conjugiale  notat." 

"  As  s3'mboled  here,  the  sea,  the  earth,  the  air, 
Promise  unto  our  town  whate'er  thej'  bear. 
To  worship  at  the  shrine  the  bell  doth  call, 
Our  queenly  town,  thus  guarded  shall  ne'er  fall. 
Let  no  one  doubt  that  thus  are  linked  to  heaven 
The  things  of  earth  :  the  union  pledge  is  given." 

The  derivation  most  generally  accepted  of  the 
word  Glasgow  is  the  Gaelic  clais-ghu,  a  black  or 
dark  ravine  ;  this  name  being  given,  it  is  supposed, 
originally  to  a  glen,  on  a  little  stream  east  of  the 
cathedral,  in  which  St.  Mungo  set  up  his  abode. 
Another  etymology  is  Eaglais-dhu,  the  black 
church,  i.e.  church  of  Blackfriars;  while  Glas's 
dhii,  grey  and  black,  points  to  a  period  also  of 
monkish  rule.  Universitatis  alumnus. 

Glasgow. 


I  have  a  copper  coin  or  penny-token  with  these 
arms  on  one  side,  and  the  motto  "Let  Glasgow 
Flourish  "  around  it.  On  the  other  side  a  river- 
god,  with  "Clyde"  inscribed  on  his  urn,  from  which 
a  stream  issues,  and  "Nunquam  arescere  mdccxci" 
as  motto ;  but  the  remarkable  point  is  that  around 
the  edge,  instead  of  milling,  are  the  words  "Cam- 
bridge, Bedford,  and  Huntingdon  x.x.x." 

How  can  the  occurrence  of  these  words  on  a 
Glasgow  token  be  explained  ?  I  took  the  coin  as 
change  in  a  village  shop  in  Norfolk.  E.  G.  R. 


MUSICAL   NOTATION. 

(2""  S.  i.  470.) 
I  have  long  intended  to  point  out  that  in  a  case 
of  distress  for  want  of  musical  type,  it  is  perfectly 


2nds,  N0  27.,  July5. '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


15 


possible  to  contrive  a  system  by  which  a  composi- 
tor who  is  used  to  mathematical  printing  may  set 
up  any  quantity  of  music  in  common  letter.  Has 
no  such  thing  ever  been  proposed  ?  At  the  end 
of  this  Note  will  be  found  an  opening  movement 
which  the  musician  will  easily  recognise,  taken 


from  the  first  book  of  arrangements  for  the  pij^no 
forte  that  came  to  hand. 

Let  the  notes  be  represented  by  their  letters,  as 
follows,  the  equivalent  notes  of  treble  and  bass 
beinjj  written  under  one  another  ; 


Treble  GABCDEFoABCDEFgabcdefpaicde/ 

Bass      GABCDEFoABODEFgabcde   {gabcdef. 


Here  G  in  the  treble  means  the  G  below  the 
lines,  the  lowest  note  of  the  violin  ;  equivalent  to 
g  in  the  buss,  the  highest  space  between  the  lines. 

Let  °  ' '' '",  written  below  the  note-letter,  indi- 
cate crotchet,  quaver,  semiquaver,  and  demi-semi- 
quaver  :  but  the  crotchet  sign,  when  standing 
alone,  may  be  omitted.  Thus,  Ao  or  A  is  a 
crotchet ;  A^  a  quaver,  A^^  a  semiquaver,  &c.  : 
Ao  /  //  is  a  note  as  long  as  a  crotchet,  quaver,  and 
semiquaver  put  together,  represented  in  common 
music  by  a  crotchet  followed  by  two  dots.  Let  a 
minim  be  denoted  by  two  letters  written  close  to- 
gether, a  semibreve  by  four.    Thus  GG  GG  would 

Adagio. 


represent  two  minims  sounded  consecutively.  Also 
Goo  and  G — G  might  be  used  to  denote  a  minim, 
when  convenient. 

Let  a  rest  be  denoted  by  I,  or  i,  or  i,  as  con- 
venient, with  the  proper  mark  of  time  suffixed. 

Let  the  sharp,  flat,  and  natural  be  denoted  by 
X,  b,  and  n  prefixed  at  the  top :  thus,  ^C  is  C  sharp. 
The  double  sharp  may  be  denoted  by  xx,  &c. 

Let  slurred  notes  be  denoted  by  a  line  drawn 
over  them,  and  let  the  staccato  sign  be  a  dot  above 
or  below  the  letter. 

Let  a  pause  be  represented  by  a  circumflex  over 
the  note. 


T 

E 

3g 

F 

^F     C 

- 

D  F 

c 

h,  T 

D 

E^  „ 

/,/  ^111 

F 

^,1  ^11  '''// 

ni)    ^D 

4S 

II       A    I   I 

C     F 

F 

g;  I- 

, 

G   C  B 

C,  „ 

^,,  B^^^  C              B  D  D^ 

^//  "'//  c'/ 

BB        B 

E 

V 

F   c 

Q 

Y) 

G,,  GG 

Egg 
PP 

g      , 

-., 

^   ^          /^^ 

~ 

_                —         -^ 

// 
3  6b 

—  6„ 

J 

r 

G-~- 

G                             v»j^   v»^    vj^  vr^ 

B 

II 

a  I  I 

*a    a 

a 

G,    ^111 

G,„  GG 

c  c  d 

^1  II 

II,  •!///  ^    T 

,1.  giu  E 

f 

e                  do, 

^^ 

4  "b 

A 

E,  ^,  „, 

''A    A 
g,.  go, 

A 

1  G„,  GG 

?ii  ^11  '^,1 

C 

Eg 

^11, 

Gd 

c                    go,   g,g, 

g,     1 

Ego 

7f, 

F, 

E  a 

D„ 

T 

O  C 

B 

C 

c 

B 

c 

C  B 

,  a,  g. 

P,               E                 g, 
D,               C,    ^-   '■ii   G, 

*^,/  g//  F,/  g//  a„  b,,  1 

G  G 

G 

G 

G 

G 

G  Ao 

,                 A 

G 

F,  E, 

■'F,,  G„    F„  G„  A„  B,,  1 

c 

PP 

fa 

ere 

s.             p 

C 

F, 

B 

^^ 

d 

g 

E 

d 

Co,*c,  d,         f, 

e-^i 

9i  a, 

g,  F,         E           go  , 

D, 

- 

c  E 

g    1  c 

E 

g 

C  Fo 

,                      F 

/ 

So, 

"F, 

E^  D^     i     C           Eo  , 

G, 

- 

a  'e 

T 

iE    c 

c^ 

T      T        Sll    *f 

1/  li  G„  -F 

S//  ^„  h„ 

c        c    a 

C,  I'    A  *F 

»EE 

F^  „  ,/,  I>„, 

0, 

,  G^,  A„   B„ 

CC 

D,  „  ,„  B„, 

/ 

F, 

E, 

P 

Attaeca  Sub. 

B 

^/  // 

1,  g,„  go  , 

D, 

c,  I,  'ff" 

g, 

. 

C/  „ 

//  ^1,1 

Eo, 

< 

3, 

A,     ^FF 

»/  c,, 

/„  "e, 

,  g.  g,  g,  g, 

Various  minor  matters  might  be  supplied  :  but 
this  is  enough  to  show  the  practicability  of  giving, 
in  ordinary  type,  a  representation  from  which  a 
translation  into  common  musical  notation  might 
easily  be  made.  Should  any  of  your  musical 
readers  find  any  passages  which  they  think  cannot 
be  printed  in  this  way,  I  shall  be  obliged  by  their 
transmitting  them  to  you  in  ordinary  style. 

For  vocal  music  in  parts  I  feel  pretty  sure  that 
this  notation  would  do  to  sing  from  :  a  hundred 
glees  might  be  sold  for  sixpence,  words  and  all,  if 
the  demand  were  suflScient.  A.  De  Morgan. 


QUERIES    ON   A   TOUR. 


(2"'>  S.  i.  470.) 

1 .  Gatta  Melata.  —  Le  grand  Diet.  Geo.  et  Crit. 
(pub.  a  la  Haye,  1736),  par  La  Martiniere,  speak- 
ing of  Narni  (which  lies  seven  French  leagues 
south-west  of  Spoleto  and  fifteen  north-east  of 
Rome),  says  : 

"  Narni  (petite  ville  d'ltalie  dans  la  teiTe  des  Sabins, 
Province  de  I'F^tat  EccMsiastiq'ue,  siir  la  Riviere  de  Nera) 
qui  resista  a  toute  la  puissance  d'Annibal,  dans  le  tems 
qu'il  ravageoit  I'ltalie." 


16 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  27.,  July  5.  '56. 


Further : 

"Narni  n'est  pas  f&onde  senlement  en  noblesse,  elle 
I'est  encore  en  savans,  et  en  grand  capitaines.  Sana  comp- 
ter I'Empereur  Nerva,  elle  a  eu  il  n'y-a  pas  longtems, 
h  fameiix  Gattamelnta,  G6n6rdl  des  Armees  des  Venitiens, 
qui  les  conduisit  avec  tant  de  sagesse,  de  hravoure,  et  de  bnn- 
heur,  qu'apres  avoir  remporte  une  infinite  de  victoires,  ces 
svperbfs  RepulAiquains  bit  firent  elever  une  statug  de  bronze 
dans  PadouS,  cette  ville  cilebre  qu'il  avoit  prise,  et  unie  au 
Domaine  de  la  Repidilique.  Galeoto,  Maxime  Arcaiio, 
Michel  Ange  Arroito,  et  une  infinite  d'autres,  qui  ont  ho- 
nor^ la  r^publique*  des  Lettres  dans  les  16^  et  17^  si&les 
€toient  de  Narni."  References  are  given  to  Labal,  Voy. 
d'ltalie,  torn.  vii.  p.  8G.,  and  Topngrap.  des  Saints,  p.  334. ; 
but  see  also  Zedler,  Univ.  Lex.,  Leipz.  1740. 

2.  Serraglia.  —  Albert!  says : 

"  S^rail,  palais  qii'habitent  les  Empereurs  des  Turcs,  et 
la  partie  du  Palais  du  Grand  Seigneur,  nomm^  le  Harem, 
ou  les  femmes  sont  renfermees.  II  se  dit  encore  de  toutes 
les  femmes  qui  sont  dans  le  s^rail,  et  de  leur  suite.  Sera- 
glio abusivement,  une  maison,  ou  quelqu'un  tient  des 
femmes  de  plaisir — une  basse  cour,  oil  Von  enferme  desbetes 
farouches."~The  Diz.  della  Ling.  Ital,  Bolog.  1824.  (IVth 
sign.) 

"  Serraglio,  diciamo  ancora  al  Luogo  murato,  dove  si 
tengono  serrata  le  fiere,  e  gli  animali  venuti  da'  paesi 
Stranl.     Lat.,  vivarium  ;  Gr.,  fworpo^eioi'." 

The  Italians  have  evidently  manufactured  the 
word  seraglio  from  the  Turk.  ^\j^,  sardy,  the 

primary  signification  of  which  Ts  a  house,  hotel; 
2,  a  palace.  The  Pers.  has  tlie  same  word  for  a 
palace  or  inn.     It  also  occurs  in  the  Turk,  and 

P&ra.,  ^ji— :  (oVj>  karwdn- sardy,  caravansary,  a 

place  appointed  for  receiving  and  loading  cara- 
vans ;  a  kind  of  inn,  where  the  caravans  rest  at 
night,  being  a  large  square  building,  with  a  spacious 
court  in  the  middle.  The  primitive  signification, 
therefore,  of  sardy  is  an  oriental  inn,  which  is 
made  up  of  four  square  walls,  round  which  are 
the  rooms  for  travellers,  the  centre  forming  a 
courtyard,  and  the  sky  the  roof.  Or  it  may  be 
thus  :  1.  a  square  building  for  travellers,  an  inn  ; 
2.  a  palace  built  in  such  a  form ;  3.  that  part  of  a 
palace  where  the  females  are  kept;  4.  a  house 
where  women  are  shut  up  ;  5.  a  building  where 
beasts  are  caged  like  women  in  a  seraglio.  But, 
query,  may  not  serraglia,  serraglio,  be  from  ser- 
rdre,  to  shut  up,  hide,  conceal,  from  Lat.  serare, 
to  lock,  shut. 

3.  St.  Richard.  —  Chalmers  (Biog.  Diet.,  Lond. 
1816)  mentions  a  Richard  (called  sometimes  Ar- 
machanus  and  Fitz-Ralph),  Archbishop  of  Ar- 
magh in  the  fourteenth  century,  whose  opinions 
so  displeased  the  friars  that  they  procured  him  to 
be  cited  before  Pope  Innocent  VI.  at  Avignon. 
The  age  was  not  prepared  to  listen  to  him,  and 
the  Pope  decided  in  favour  of  the  friars.  He 
died  at  Avignon,  not  without  suspicion  of  poison, 
1360.     See  also  Fox's  Book  of  Ma7'tyrs. 

6.  The  Hoe.  —  The  derivation  given   is   pro- 


bably correct.  The  word  is  also  found  spelt 
hogh.  Richardson  derives  it  from  Anglo-Saxon 
heah,  and  gives  the  following : 

"  That  well  can  witnesse  yet  vnto  this  day 
The  westerne  hoyh. 

Spenser,  F.  Queens,  b.  11.  c.  10. 

"  All  doubtful  to  which  party  the  victory  would  go, 
Upon  that  lofty  place  at  Plymouth  called  the  Hoe 
Those  mighty  wrestlers  met." 

Draj'ton,  Poly-Olbion,  5.  1. 

R.  S.  Charnock. 


St.  Richard  (2"^  S.  i.  470.)  — ■  Richard  (de 
Wyclie)  was  born  at  Droitwich,  in  Worcester- 
shire. Having  pursued  a  course  of  studies  at 
Oxford,  Paris,  and  Bologna,  and  so  perfected  him- 
self in  the  canon  law,  he  was  appointed  by  Ed- 
mund, Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  his  chancellor, 
and  was  also  appointed  Chancellor  of  the  Univer- 
sity of  Oxford.  In  1245,  he  was  elected  (by  the 
chapter)  Bishop  of  Chichester,  in  opposition  to  an 
unfit  nominee  of  Henry  III.  And  Richard's 
election  was  confirmed,  as  it  had  been  promoted, 
by  Pope  Innocent.  The  Bishop  died  in  1253,  at 
Dover,  in  his  fifty-seventh  year,  and  was  after- 
wards canonised  by  Pope  Urban  IV.,  a.d.  1261. 
Mr.  Boask  may  find  a  brief  account  of  "  Bishop 
Richard "  in  Parker's  Calendar  of  the  Anglican 
Church,  in  Brady's  Clavis  Calendaria,  in  Cosin's 
Notes  on  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  or  in  Mant, 
Wheatly,  or  any  other  annotator  on  the  English 
Calendar,  under  the  third  of  April,  on  which  day 
he  died.  J.  Sansom. 


St.  Richard  was  Bishop  of  Chichester,  and  died 
at  Dover,  April  3,  1253,  on  which  day  he  is  still 
commemorated  in  the  English  Calendar.  He  vras 
appointed  bishop  in  opposition  to  the  nominee  of 
Henry  III.,  and  it  was  only  by  the  interference  of 
the  pope  that  he  was  allowed,  after  two  years'  de- 
privation, to  take  possession  of  his  see,  which  he 
presided  over  more  than  five  years,  dying  at  the 
age  of  fifty-seven.  His  emblems,  in  reference  to 
various  legends  connected  with  him,  too  long  for 
insertion  here,  are  a  plough  and  a  chalice. 

NoBRis  Duck. 

Cambridge. 

There  is  an  account  of  a  S.'Richardus,  rex  apud 
Anglo- Saxones  in  Britannia,  to  be  found  in  torn.  ii. 
Febr.  p.  69.  of  the  Acta  Sanctorum  of  BolLindus. 
I  should  think  that  he  is  most  probably  the  Saint 
Richard  mentioned  by  your  correspondent  Mb. 
BOASE.*  'AAwus. 

Dublin. 

[*  For  notices  of  St.  Richard  of  the  West  Saxons,  see 
our  1»' S.  iv.  475. ;  v.  418.] 


2nd  s.  No  27.,  July  6.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


17 


WILLIAM    CLAPPERTON. 
(2"''  S.  i.  181.) 

In  a  former  number  I  was  able  to  furnish  some 
particulars  relative  to  this  gentleman.  I  now 
propose  to  make  an  addition  to  my  previous  com- 
munication. 

The  late  John  Ring,  Escpi,  surgeon,  in  London, 
was  an  excellent  scliolar  and  an  enthusiastic  ad- 
mirer of  Virgil.  Dissatisfied  with  the  previous  trans- 
lations, he  published  in  2  vols.,  8vo.,  London,  1820, 
a  mosaic  edition,  partly  original  and  partly  altered 
from  the  text  of  Dryden  and  Pitt.  This  having 
fallen  into  Mr.  Clapperton's  hands,  was  anxiously 
perused  and  greatly  admired  by  him;  so  much  so, 
that  he  was  induced  to  write  to  Mr.  Ring.  This 
led  to  a  correspondence,  in  the  course  of  which 
numerous  faulty  lines  were  pointed  out  and 
amended  by  Clapperton.  Ring  felt  much  grati- 
fied by  the  praise  and  assistance  of  his  correspon- 
dent, and  learning  that  his  circumstances  were 
far  from  opulent,  intimated  a  wish  to  recompense 
him  ;  this  the  poet  would  not  listen  to,  but  agreed 
to  accept  a  pprtrait  of  his  new  friend,  which  was 
sent  without  delay,  in  a  handsome  frame,  and  was 
duly  received  by  Mr.  Clapperton,  who  placed  the 
honoured  portrait  in  the  most  conspicuous  place 
in  his  apartment. 

Mr.  Ring  died  in  Dec,  1821,  an  event  which 
retarded  the  projected  new  edition.  Clapperton 
nevertheless  went  on  with  his  translations  and 
emendations,  and  in  1835  published,  by  subscrip. 
tion,  the  jiEiieid,  in  two  small  volumes,  12mo. 
There  were  copies,  few  in  number,  on  large  paper: 
these  are  now  very  scarce.  The  Georgics  were 
not  included  in  this  edition,  Mr.  Clapperton  being 
of  opinion  that  they  required  very  little  emenda- 
tion, and  in  truth  caring  nothing  about  them. 

I  had  forgotten  the  greater  part  of  the  above 
legend,  when  my  memory  was  refreshed  by  seeing 
poor  Clapperton's  highly  prized  portrait  of  Ring 
amongst  various  paintings  exposed  for  sale  by 
Mr.  Nisbet,  in  his  far-famed  sale  rooms  in  Edin- 
burgh. For  "  Auld  lang  syne,"  and  out  of  re- 
spect to  the  memory  of  Ring  and  Clapperton,  both 
of  whom  were  most  excellent  and  worthy  persons, 
I  became,  for  a  small  consideration,  the  purchaser. 
The  painting  is  an  excellent  one,  and  I  have  no 
doubt  is  very  like  Mr.  Ring.  It  is  not  improbable 
that  some  person  •  connected  with  the  deceased 
gentleman  can  tell  me  who  the  painter  was,  or  put 
me  in  the  way  of  obtaining  that  knowledge. 

J.  M.  (2.) 


PHOTOGRAPHIC    CORRESPONDENCE. 

Photographic  Portraits.  —  The  Art  of  Photography  is 
at  length  taking  its  place  beside  that  of  engraving  in  the 
publication  of  Portraits.  We  have  several  specimens 
now  before  us.    Dr.  Diamond  has  been  induced  to  issue 


some  of  his  Portraits  of  the  Men  of  the  Time ;  and  we 
doubt  not  many  an  old  King's  College  man  will  be  glad 
to  have  the  opportunitj'  of  securing  the  admirable  like- 
ness which  Dr.  Diamond  has  produced  of  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Major,  the  learned  and  excellent  Master  of  King's  Col- 
lege School ;  while  the  many  friends  who  appreciate  the 
literary  acquirements  and  social  character  of  the  Author 
of  The  Handbook  of  London,  will  be  no  less  delighted 
with  the  genial  and  characteristic  likeness  of  Mr.  Peter 
Cunningham,  which  Dr.  Diamond  has  succeeded  in 
catching.  These  are  separate  publications.  But  Messrs. 
Maull  &  Polyblank  have  commenced  a  work  of  greater 
pretension.  It  is  entitled  Photographic  Portraits  of  Living 
Celebrities;  and  appears  monthly,  each  portrait  being 
accompanied  by  a  Biographical  Memoir.  The  First 
Number  contains  Professor  Owen,  and  a  more  charac- 
teristic portrait  of  the  "  Newton  of  Natural  History " 
cannot  well  be  imagined.  The  Second  Number  furnishes 
us  with  a  portrait  of  Mr.  Macaulay.  The  likeness  is 
satisfactory,  thoughtful,  and  characteristic.  As  a  por- 
trait of  the  great  historian  silent,  it  is  indeed  admirable  — 
but  is  deficient  in  that  animation  which,  when  talking, 
lights  up  the  whole  countenance  of  one  who  talks  so  well. 

Hardwich's  Photographic  Chemistry.  —  This  little  vo- 
lume, indispensable  to  every  photographer,  has  been 
thoroughly  revised,  and  now  appears  in  a  third  edition. 
Everything  has  been  omitted  froWI  it  which  does  not 
possess  practical  as  well  as  scientific  interest.  The 
chapters  on  Photographic  Printing  have  been  entirely  re- 
written, and  include  the  whole  of  the  author's  i:nportant 
investigations  on  this  subject.  Lastly,  Mr.  Hardwick 
has  endeavoured  as  far  as  possible  to  recommend  the  em- 
ployment of  chemical  agents  which  are  used  in  medicine, 
and  vended  by  all  druggists.  How  useful  this  may  prove 
can  only  be  judged  bj'  those  who  have  suffered  from 
practising  photography  in  remote  localities,  far  from  the 
reach  of  purely  photographic  chemicals. 


Vapliti  to  Mirxav  ^ntxlti. 

Bishop  Butts  (2"^  S.  i.  34.)  — I  observe  in  your 
number  for  Jan.  12,  an  answer  to  the  Query  of 
K.  H.  S.  respecting  Dr.  Butts.  This  bishop  was 
not  the  only  prelate  slandered  by  Cole.  Passing 
by  his  calumnies,  I  inform  K.  H.  S.  that  Bishop 
Butts  was  the  seventh  child  of  Rev.  W.  Butts, 
formerly  rector  of  Hartest,  Suffolk  :  that  he  was 
not  quite  destitute  of  merit,  as  Cole  asserts,  may 
be  inferred  from  his  brother  clergymen  having 
elected  him  as  their  Convocation  Proctor  in  1727, 
he  being  then  rector  of  Chedburgh  ;  he  was  also 
rector  of  Ickworth,  lecturer  of  St.  Max-y's,  Bury 
St.  Edmunds,  and  chaplain  to  George  II. ;  and 
successively  Dean  of  Norwich,  Bishop  of  Nor- 
wich, and  Bishop  of  Ely.  His  first  wife  was  not 
a  daughter  of  Dr.  Eyton,  but  of  Rev.  A.  Pycher, 
formerly  rector  of  Hawstead ;  and  he  died,  aged 
sixty-three ;  about  which  age  Cole  makes  him 
marry  a  second  wife,  which  he  certainly  did,  but 
at  a  much  earlier  age.  He  was  descended  of  an 
ancient  family,  inheriting  a  property  descending 
through  many  generations  from  before  the  time  of 
Edward  II.  to  James  II.,  situated  at  Shouldham 
Thorp,  Norfolk,   in  the  church  of  which  place 


18 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


L2»d  S.  No  27.,  July  5.  '56. 


are  many  monuments   of  the  family.     K.  H.  S. 
may  have  any  farther  particulars  from 

E.  D.  B. 
I  enclose  my  address. 

Henley-on-Thames  (2"'i  S.  i.454.)  —J.  S.  Burn 
has  given  so  short  a  list  of  books  which  he  has  at 
hand  for  a  history  of  Henley,  omitting  some  of 
general  information,  that  I  would  first  refer  him 
to  Hastings  Past  and  Present,  Lond.  1 855,  Append, 
pp.  i.  Ixii.,  the  last  work  I  am  acquainted  with,  as 
giving  a  long  list  of  works  which  have  reference 
to  the  locality  it  treats  of.  They  cannot  of  course 
be  transferred  at  once  to  a  Henley  Past  and  Pre- 
sent, but  they  will  indicate  sources  of  information 
which  he  must  have  recourse  to,  more  or  less,  if  he 
would  do  his  work  well. 

For  Henley  in  particular  there  may  be  men- 
tioned, — 

Turner,  Captain  Samuel,  A  true  Relation  of  a 
late  Skirmish  at  Henley-on-Thames,  wherein  a 
great  Defeat  was  given  to  the  Redding  Cavaliers, 
4to.,  Lond.  1643.  (There  is  a  copy  in  the  Bod- 
leian.) • 

Gough's  Sepulchral  Monuments  of  Great  Britain, 
vol.  i.  plate  4.  fig.  8.,  engraving  of  a  cross. 

The  Gentleman  s  Magazine,  vol.  Iv.  p.  931.,  and 
vol.  Ivi.  pp.  45.  363.,  an  account  of  Gainsborough, 
brother  to  the  painter,  with  his  epitaph  ;  vol.  Ixiii. 
p.  716.,  and  vol.  Ixxxiii.  part  i.  p.  716.,  church 
notes  ;  vol.  Ixxvii.  p.  79.,  presentation  of  cup,  &c., 
to  T.  Chapman  for  rescuing  a  child  from  drown- 
ing; vol.  Ixxxiii.  part  ii.  p.  183.,  discovery  of  mi- 
neral spring.  (The  general  index  does  not  ex- 
tend to  the  recent  volumes.) 

Henley  Guide,  earlier  than  1827.  (See  Skel- 
ton's  Oxfordshire.) 

Skelton,  J.,  Engraved  Illustrations  of  the  Paro- 
chial Antiquities  of  Oxfordshire,  4to.,  Oxford, 
1823-7.  There  is  a  view  of  Henley  Church,  and 
an  interesting  account  of  the  town. 

Ecclesiastical  Antiquities  of  England,  arranged 
in  Dioceses  :  Oxford,  8vo.,  J.  H.  and  J.  Parker, 
Oxford.  E.  M. 

Oxford. 

In  a  note  to  the  Coucher  Book  of  Whalley,  edited 
for  the  Chetham  Society  by  W.  A,  Hulton  (p.  979.), 
it  is  stated  that  Robert  de  Holland,  elsewhere  said 
to  have  been  first  the  secretary,  and  afterwards  the 
betrayer,  of  Thomas  Earl  of  Lancaster,  was  be- 
headed at  Henley-on-Thames  in  1328  ;  and  Dods- 
worth,  who  alludes  to  the  circumstance,  says  that 
he  owed  his  death  to  the  hatred  which  his 
treachery  had  excited  against  him,  and  that  the 
mob,  who  found  him  concealed  in  a  wood  near  to 
Henley-on-Thames,  conducted  him  to  that  place, 
and  there  put  him  to  death.  Anon. 

Special  Report  from  Committee  of  House  of 
Commons  (2°'^  S.  i.  461.)  —  The  Committee  of  the 


House  of  Commons  referred  to  by  N.  E,  was  ap- 
pointed Feb.  22,  1719  (House  of  Commons  Journal, 
p.  274.  b.).  The  Committee  reported  March  18 
{Id.  p.  305.  a.),  and  the  House  resolved  that  several 
informations  given  before  the  Committee  tending 
to  accuse  the  Attorney-General  "  of  corrupt  and 
evil  practices  are  malicious,  false,  scandalous,  and 
utterly  groundless,"  4he  report  and  other  papers 
to  be  printed,  and  that  Mr.  Speaker  do  appoint 
the  printing  of  the  said  report  {Id.  310.  b.). 

The  Committee  again  reported  April  27  {Journal, 
p.  341.),  and  the  House  came  to  a  resolution  that 
the  subscribers  having  acted  as  corporate  bodies 
without  legal  authority,  "  and  thereby  drawn  in 
several  unwary  persons  into  unwarrantable  under- 
takings, the  said  practices  manifestly  tend  to  the 
prejudice  of  the  publick  trade  and  commerce  of 
the  kingdom  ;"  and  a  Bill  was  ordered  "  to  re- 
strain the  extravagant  and  unwarrantable  practice 
of  raising  money  by  voluntary  subscriptions  for 
carrying  on  projects  dangerous  to  the  trade  and 
subjects  of  this  kingdom."  And  Mr.  Secretary 
Craggs,  Mr.  Walpole,  Mr.  Comptroller,  Mr.  Chan- 
cellor of  the  Exchequer,  do  prepare,  and  bring  in 
the  same  {Id.  351.  a.).  Mr.  Lowndes  was  added 
May  2  {Id.  353.  b.).  Parliament  was  prorogued 
June  11. 

The  Reports  are  printed  in  the  House  of  Com- 
mons Journals.  See  Index  to  House  of  Commons 
Journals,  under  "  Projects."  J.  H.  P. 

There  is  a  copy  of  this  Report  in  the  library  of 
Trinity  College,  Dublin,  from  which  I  shall  have 
pleasure  in  copying  any  extracts  desired  by  N.  E. 

Dublin.  « 

Writers  bribed  to  Silence  (2"''  S.  i.  471.)  —  In- 
formation has  lately  been  sought  in  "  N.  &  Q."  for 
any  information  respecting  writers  who  may  have 
been  bribed  to  silence.  It  would  be  equally 
curious  and  interesting  to  trace  the  extent  of 
bribery  in  modifying  or  altogether  changing  a 
journal's  politics. 

In  1816,  the  Journal  de  VEmpire,  an  influential 
French  newspaper,  published  the  following : 

"  We  are  assured  the  English  Journal  called  The  Courier, 
has  received  500.000  francs  from  the  bankers  of  M.  de 
Blacas  to  write  against  France.  At  first  10,000  Louis 
were  offered  to  the  Journalist ;  but  was  seriously  angry, 
and  protested  that  he  was  not  a  man  to  allow  himself  to 
be  corrupted  for  such  a  trifle." 

William  Mudford,  author  of  half  a  dozen  novels 
now  forgotten,  and  of  several  miscellaneous  works, 
including  the  greater  part  of  the  Border  Antiqui- 
ties of  Scotland,  generally  regarded  as  the  sole  off- 
spring of  Sir  Walter  Scott's  brain,  edited  the 
Courier  at  this  period,  and  replied : 

"  Five  hundred  thousand  francs,  nearly  21,000/.  sterling ! 
— The  Paris  Editor,  at  least,  shows  by  the  magnitude  of 
the  sum  of  what  importance  he  thinks  our  support  of  any 


2-JdS.  N0  27.,  Julys. '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


19 


cause  is.  So  far  we  are  obliged  to  him,  and  we  shall  be 
farther  obliged  to  him  to  add,  in  the  next  journal  he  pub- 
lishes after  the  receipt  of  our  paper  of  to-day,  that  there 
was  not  one  word  of  truth  in  his  assertion." 

This  contradiction  was  not  regarded  as  conclu- 
sive or  satisfactory  by  many  of  the  contemporary 
prints.     The  Antigallican  said : 

"  It  is  no  easy  matter  to  discover  whether  the  charge 
or  reply  be  the  more  correct,  but  thus  much  we  have 
had  an  opportunity  of  knowing,  that  the  Governments  of 
France  have  had  English  Journalists  in  their  pay  since 
the  Revolution.  Indeed  those  persons  who  were  in  the 
hiibit  of  reading  the  Courier  last  summer,  must  have  seen 
that  that  paper  was  not  very  friendly  to  the  Bourbons ; 
now,  however,  it  is  suddenly  changed,  as  if  touched  with 
a  magic  wand. 

"  Not  long  since  a  charge  of  a  similar  kind  was  pre- 
ferred against  a  Morning  Paper,  viz.  of  10,000/.  having 
been  received  by  its  proprietor  from  Blacas." 

It  would  be  curious  to  elicit  accurate  informa- 
tion on  this  subject. 

William  John  Fitz-Patrick. 

The  Silver  Greyhound  (2"'^  S.  i.  493.)  —  About 
seventy  years  ago  the  king's  messengers  always 
wore  this  badge  when  on  duty,  and  it  is  one  of 
these  officers  whom  Sir  Walter  Scott,  in  his  tale 
of  "  Aunt  Margaret's  Mirror,"  calls  the  man  with 
the  silver  greyhound  on  his  sleeve.  J.  de  W. 

Sir  JEdivard  Coke  (P'  ^.'iv.  passim.) — The  cor- 
rect spelling  of  the  surname  of  this  great  lawyer 
is  to  be  found  in  an  "  Epistle  Dedicatorie  "  to  him 
of,- 

"A  Discourse  of  the  Damned  Art  of  Witchcraft,  so 
farre  forth  as  it  is  revealed  in  the  Scriptures,  and  manifest 
by  true  experience.  Framed  and  Delivered  by  Mr. 
William  Perkins,  in  his  ordinarie  course  of  Preaching, 
&c.  Printed  by  Cantrell  Legge,  Printer  to  the  Univer- 
sitie  of  Cambridge,  1613," 

namely,  — 

"  To  the  Right  Honourable  Sir  Edward  Cooke,  Knight, 
Lord  Chief  Justice  of  his  Majesties  Court  of  Common 
Pleas,  Grace  and  Peace,''  &c. 

The  author  discusses  the  subject  of  witchcraft 
with  considerable  ingenuity,  as  it  prevailed  in 
England  at  that  date;  and  with  a  zealous  sincerity, 
in  A  Resolution  to  the  Countryman,  proving  it 
utterly  unlawfull  to  buie  or  use  our  yearely  Prog- 
nostications, he  endeavours  to  put  down  what  had 
been  the  almanacks  in  circulation.  G.  N. 

Order  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem  (2"'>  S.  i.  197. 
264.  461.)  —  To  W.  W.,  who  informs  me  that  "  all 
masonic  degrees  are  separate  and  distinct,"  I  beg 
to  reply  that  I  am  quite  aware  of  this  ;  but  they 
are  occasionally  united  in  the  same  services,  and 
under  the  same  laws  and  regulations.  I  gave  two 
instances,  the  latter  being  from  a  book  of  Laws 
and  Regulations,  of  which  the  first  article  provides 

that  the  five  orders  of  masonic  knighthood  in 

be  united  under  one  general  administration,  and 


subject  to  one  code  of  laws.  I  need  not  repeat 
the  names  of  these  five  orders,  having  specified 
them  in  a  former  communication.  F.  C.  H. 

Poniatowski  Gems  (2°'^  S.  i.  471.)  —  About  ten 
or  twelve  years  ago  these  gems  were  in  the  pos- 
session of  a  gentleman  named  Tyrrell,  then  re- 
siding in  Craven  Street,  Strand,  and  he  employed 
an  Irish  scholar  named  Pendergast  to  compile  a 
Catalogue  JRaisonnee  of  his  treasure.  At  Mr. 
Tyrrell's  house  I  saw,  I  think,  the  whole  work, 
but  certainly  a  part,  in  print.  If  it  was  completed, 
and  was  published,  otherwise  than  privately,  I 
need  not  tell  Mr.  Gantillon  that  it  will  be  found 
at  the  British  Museum.  If  it  is  not  there  on 
either  the  one  ground  or  the  other,  I  think  I 
could  possibly  ascertain  Mr.  Tyrrell's  address  for 
Mr.  Gantillon.     "  James  Knowles. 

[We  cannot  find  a  copy  of  this  Catalogue  Raisonnee  in 
the  British  Museum.] 

The  Image  of  Diana  at  Ephesxis  —  Aerolite 
Worship  (2"''  S.  i.  410.)  —  I  recollect  once  hear- 
ing an  eminent  classic  and  D.D.-  of  this  University 
assert  as  his  opinion,  that  this  image  was  formed 
of  a  meteoric  stone  or  aerolite.  There  is  no 
doubt  that  aerolite  worship  was  common  in  the 
East ;  and  that  it  is  so  still  may  be  seen  by  the 
following  extracts  from  Lieut.  Burton's  Pilgi'i- 
mage  to  El  Medinah  and  Meccah  : 

"  At  Jagannath  thej'  worship  a  pyramidal  black  stone, 
fabled  to  have  fallen  from  heaven,  or  miraculously  to 
have  presented  itself  on  the  place  where  the  temple  now 
stands."  —  Vol.  iii.  p.  159. 

"  While  kissing  it  (the  celebrated  black  stone  at 
Meccah),  and  rubbing  forehead  and  hands  upon  it,  I  nar- 
rowly observed  it,  and  came  away  persuaded  that  it  is  a 
big  aerolite."  —  Vol.  iii.  p.  210. 

This  would  seem  to  favour  the  idea  that  the 
image  of  the  ^reat  Diana  was  composed  of  a 
similar  substance.  I  may  add,  that  I  have  in  my 
possession  a  perforated  bead,  probably  Druidical, 
evidently  formed  out  of  a  meteoric  stone. 

NoRRis  Deck. 

Cambridge. 

Black  Letter  (2"'^  S.  i.  472.)  —  Though  the 
Query  of  A.  L.  B.  is  addressed  to  another  tran- 
scriber of  black  letter  books,  I  may  be  permitted, 
as  one  who  has  had  much  practice  in  that  way,  to 
inform  him  that  I  find  the  best  kind  of  pen  for  the 
purpose  to  be  one  made  from  a  swan's  quill,  with 
a  short  slit  and  a  very  broad  nib.  There  are 
metal  pens  sold  for  the  purpose,  but  they  have  the 
great  disadvantage  of  getting  soon  clogged  up 
with  the  fine  powder  which  they  scratch  up  from 
the  vellum.  F.  C.  H. 

Bui-ning  of  Books  (2°^  S.  i.  397.)  —The  greatest 
Vandalism  perpetrated  in  more  modern  times  is 
that  of  the  Austrian  Government,  which,  after  the 
battle  of  the  Weisse  Berg,  1621,  sent  a  number  of 


20 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s,  N»  27.,  July  5.  '56. 


commissioners  (Jesuits)  through  the  breadth  and 
length  of  Czechia,  who  found,  in  almost  every  vil- 
lage, piles  of  books,  obnoxious  to  tyrannic  and 
bigoted  rule,  and  had  them  consumed  by  fire. 
Considering  what  flight  Czechian  literature  had 
taken  shortly  after  the  spreading  of  the  Reforma- 
tion,—  Petrarca's  Poems,  for  instance,  being  first 
translated  into  Czechian,  —  this  atrocity  struck  a 
fierce  blow  at  the  nascent  literature  of  the  great 
Panslavic  race.  I  saw  once  a  copy  of  a  huge 
volume  in  fol.  max.  in  the  Czechian  language,  in 
one  of  the  villages  of  that  country,  printed  also  at 
that  period.  I  think  it  related  to  some  geographi- 
cal subject.  As  I  do  not  believe  that  any  book  so 
large  had  been  then  printed  in  any  other  part  of 
Europe,  I  would  wish  to  learn  the  title.  It  must 
especially  have  excited  the  attention  of  those 
Jesuitic  incendiaries.  J.  Lotsky,  Panslave. 

15.  Gower  Street,  London. 

MedicBval  Parchment  (P'  S.  vii.  155.  317.)  — 
I  am  desirous,  with  F.  M.,  of  knowing  some  means 
of  preventing  parchment  from  crumpling  when 
moistened  by  the  application  of  colour  ;  but,  as  I 
cannot  refer  to  the  MSS.  mentioned  by  E.  G.  B., 
I  shall  be  much  obliged  to  any  one  who  will, 
either  through  these  columns  or  by  letter,  give 
me  the  information  I  seek.        John  P.  Stilwell. 

Dorking. 

Isle  of  Man  (2"''  S.  i.  454.)  —  To  assist  in  de- 
ciding this  question  I  contribute  a  mite  of  informa- 
tion culled  from  the  pages  of  Heylin,  Hearne's 
Curious  Discoveries,  Mona  Antigua  7-estaurata,  and 
Campbell's  Survey. 

This  island  by  Ptolemy  is  called  Monceda,  or  the 
further  Mona,  to  distinguish  it  from  that  which 
we  call  Anglesey  or  Mona.  By  Pliny  it  is  called 
Mo7iabia  or  Movapia ;  by  Orosius  and  Beda  Me- 
navia ;  and  by  Gildas,  an  old  British  writer,  Eu- 
bonia.  Mona,  the  name  by  which  it  was  generally 
known  to  the  Romans  (Campbell  says),  is  evidently 
no  more  than  the  softening  of  the  British  appella- 
tion Mon,  or  Tir  Mon,  "  the  furthest  land,"  the 
ancient  Britons  calling  it  Manaw  Menaw,  or  more 
properly  main  au,  "  the  little  island,"  the  inhabit- 
ants mailing  and  the  English  man. 

It  had  a  second  name  also,  derived  from  its 
being  almost  covered  with  wood :  this  was  Tnis 
Touil,  or  as  the  moderns  write  it,  Ynys  Dywylh, 
"  the  shady  island  ;  "  and  from  the  Druids  having 
taken  shelter  there,  a  third,  Ynys  y  Cedeirn,  or 
the  "  Land  of  Heroes."  R.  W.  Hackwood. 

Blood  which  will  not  wash  out  (2"'^  S.  i.  374.)  — 
Has  Mr.  Cowper  ever  visited  Holyrood,  where 
the  stains  of  Rizzio's  blood  are  shown  on  the  floor 
in  the  passajie  near  the  back  stairs,  leading  from 
Queen  Mary's  room  ?  The  legend  runs  that  they 
cannot  be  removed  by  soap,  water,  and  a  scrub- 


bing brush.  I  am  sufiicient  of  an  infidel  to  be- 
lieve that  no  effort  has  ever  been  made  to  remove 
them,  and  that,  on  the  contrary,  the  stains  have 
been  from  time  to  time  carefully  renewed  by 
blood  procured  from  some  of  the  slaughter-houses 
in  "  Auld  Reekie."  Apropos  of  this  subject,  was 
it  ever  known  that  any  two  of  the  guides  at  Holy- 
rood  Palace  could  be  found  to  agree  as  to  the 
exact  number  of  stabs  inflicted  on  Rizzio  before 
life  was  extinct  ?     I  trow  not.  Sceptic. 

Cow  and  Snuffers  Ql^^  S.  i.  372.)  — Your  cor- 
respondent E.  E.  Byng  will  find  the  "  Cow  and 
Snuficrs  "  mentioned  in  the  Irish  song  of  "  Looney 
M'Twolter,"  introduced  in  an  old  farce,  whose 
author  has  escaped  my  memory  : 

"  Judy's  my  darling,  my  kisses  she  suffers, 

She's  an  heiress,  that's  clear, 

For  her  father  sells  beer, 
Och !  he  keeps  the  sign  of  the  Cow  and  the  Snuffers, 

Oh !  she's  so  smart, 

From  my  heart 

I  can't  bolt  her ; 
Oh !  Whack !  Judy  O'Flanajran, 
She's  the  girl  for  Looney  M'Twolter." 

JUVEKNA. 

Punishment  of  dishonest  Bakers  (2nd  S.  i.  332.) 
—  Queen  Elizabeth,  by  a  charter  in  the  forty-first 
year  of  her  reign,  granted  (inter  alia^  to  the  cor- 
poration of  Andover,  Hants,  power  to  make  and 
have,  within  their  borough  and  hundred,  the 
assize  and  assay  of  bread,  wine,  and  ale,  and 
other  victuals,  and  to  punish  bakers  and  others 
breaking  the  said  assize  ;  "  that  is  to  say,  to  draw 
such  bakers  and  others  offending  against  the  said 
assize  upon  hurdles  through  the  streets  of  the 
borough  or  town  and  hundred  aforesaid,  and  to 
otherwise  chastise  them  in  manner  as  in  our  city 
of  London  is  accustomed  concerning  such  bakers 
and  other  such  like  offenders."         "W.  H.  W.  T. 

Somerset  House. 


fiatitt^  ta  C0rrc!Sp0iiftent*. 

Owinr/  to  the  number  of  articles  of  interest  waiting  for  insertion  we 
have  this  week  been  compelled  to  omit  our  usual  Notes  on  Books. 

A.  Mt.    Received.    Many  thanks, 

D.  B.  Has,  we  think,  not  copied  quite  accurate!;/  some  of  the  words.  If 
he  would  entrust  us  with  the  original  document  we  sJiould  doubtless  be 
enabled  to  answer  his  question. 

Index  to  the  First  Series.  Js  this  is  now  published,  and  the  im- 
pression is  a  limited  one,  such  of  our  readers  as  dexire  copies  wo'ld  do 
well  to  intimate  tlietr  wish  to  their  respective  booksellers  nithtrnt  delay. 
Our  pvhli-'hers,  Mkssrs.  Bell  &  Daldv,  will  forward  copies  by  post  on 
receipt  of  a  Post  Office  Order  for  Five  Shillings. 

"Notes  and  Qoerifs "  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  so  that  the 
Country  Booksellers  may  receive  Copies  in  that  night's  parcels,  and 
deliver  them  to  their  Subscribers  an  the  Saturday. 

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2«'i  S.  N»  28.,  July  12.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


21 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JULY  12, 1856. 


i^atz^. 


Colley  Cibher  turned  out  of  the  House  of  Lords. 

Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  throw  light  upon  the 
incidents  referred  to  in  the  following  lines."  They  are 
printed  as  a  broadside  on  a  single  leaf,  with  the  half- 
penny stamp  impressed  upon  it. 

"  Upon  the  Poet  Lmu-eafs  being  expelled  the  House 
of  Lords. 

"  C r  (the  wonder  of  a  brazen  Age), 

Always  a  Hero,  off  or  on  the  stage, 
The  other  day,  in  courtesy,  affords 
His  lovely  Phyz  to  jirace  the  House  of  Lords; 
Quite  free  from  pride,  he  humbly  condescends 
To  treat  the  very  smallest  Peers,  as  Friends  : 
With  sneer  or  grin  approves  each  grave  debate, 
And  smiles  when  Brother  Dukes  support  the 
State : 

*  On  tlie  learn'd  Bishops  Bench,  looks  kind 

enough. 
And  offers  good  Lord  King  a  Pinch  of  Snuff, 
Whilst  thus  he  rains  his  Favours  on  the  Crowd, 
An  old  rough  Earl  his  swift  destruction  vow'd ; 
Regardless  of  th'  Imperial  Crown  he  wore, 
Rejrardless  of  the  Bays  and  Brains  he  bore, 
A  Voice  as  hoarse  as  Sutherland's  gave  Law, 
And  made  the  King,  the  Fop,  The  Bard  with- 
draw. 

O  C r,  in  revenge  your  wrath  forbear, 

This  once  your  stupid,  stingless  satire  spare, 
And  with  dull  panegyrick  daub  each  Peer 
Like    rhyming  Bellman's   Ghost   haunt    their 

abodes, 
And  frighten  them  with  Birth  or  New  Year 

Odes. 
If  banished    thence,   you   still    may   shine   at 

C 1; 

There  P rs  and  Scoundrels  equally  resort ; 

Unmatched  in  all.  Superiors  never  fear  ; 

But  since  you'r  Peerless  scorn  the  name  of  Peer. 

"  London  :  Printed  for  J.  Jenkins,  near  Ludgate. 
Price  (on  stamped  paper)  2d." 

Is  the  incident  on  wliich  this  satire  turns  recorded  by 
any  contemporary  writer  ?  or  is  there  any  mention  of  it 
in  the  Journals  of  the  House  of  Lords  ?  C.  L.  S. 


■■} 


Portrait  of  Swift.  —  Faulkener  printed  an 
edition  of  Dean  Swift's  Works  in  1734.  To  the 
volume  which  completes  the  set  is  prefixed  a  full- 
length  portrait  of  the  Dean  seated  in  a  chair, 
about  to  be  crowned  with  laurels ;  at  his  feet,  in 
supplicating  attitudes,  the  daughters  and  children 
of  Ireland,  and  a  table  spread  with  coin,  which 
may  be  understood  to  be  "  Wood's  Halfpence." 
At  the  bottom  there  is  the  motto,  — 

"Exegi  Monumentum  ^re  perennius." —  Hor. 


The  plate  seems  to  be  a  good  likeness  of  the 
Dean,  and  altogether  a  well  executed  subject. 
No  engravei-'s  name  appears  on  it.  Query,  Can 
any  of  your  correspondents  inform  me  who  he 
was  ? 

It  has  often  struck  me  that  the  following,  ex- 
tracted from  a  Collection  of  Jests,  printed  at 
Edinburgh  by  R.  Fleming,  1753,  may  have  some 
relation  to  the  plate,  but  I  have  never  been  able 
to  connect  the  two. 

"  On  George  Faulkener's  promising  to  have  the  Dean  of 
St.  Patrick's  Effigies  prefixed  to  the  New  Edition  of  his 
Works,  from  a  Copperplate  done  by  Mr,  Veriue. 

"  In  a  little  dark  room,  at  the  back  of  his  shop, 
Where  poets  and  eriticks  have  din'd  on  a  chop, 
Poor  Faulkner  sat  musing  alone  thus  of  late,  — 
'  Two  volumes  are  done  —  it  is  time  for  the  plate ; 
Yes,  time  to  be  sure.     But  on  whom  shall  I  call 
To  express  the  great  Swift  in  a  compass  so  small? 
Faith,  Vertue  shall  do  it  —  I'm  pleas'd  at  the  thought,- 
Be  the  cost  what  it  will,  the  copper  is  bought.' 
Apollo  o'erheard,  who,  as  some  people  guess. 
Had  a  hand  in  the  work,  and  corrected  the  press. 
And  pleas'd  he  replied,  '  Honest  George,  j-ou  are  right. 
This  thought  was  my  own,  howsoe'er  you  came  by't; 
For  tho'  both  the  wit  and  the  style  is  my  gift, 
'Tis  Vertue  alone  can  design  us  a  Swift.' " 

G.N. 


Curll  and  the  Westmin.ster  Scholars.  —  The  fol- 
lowing additional  illustration  of  the  satirical  print 
which  forms  the  subject  of  a  Query  by  Griffin 
(!'*  S.  V.  585.),  and  which  is  rightly  described  by 
S.  Wmson  (P'  S.  vi.  348.)  as  referring  to  an  affair 
between  Curll  and  the  boys  of  Westminster  School, 
seems  worth  making  a  note  of.  It  is  from  The 
Grub  Street  Journal,  vol.  i.  p.  128. :  — 

"  The  following  Copy  of  verses  is  taken  from  the  Carmina 
Quadragesimalia  (  vol.  i.  p.  118.),  to  which  a  transla- 
tion is  subjoined :  — 

"  An  causae  sint  sibi  invicem  Causae  ?    Aff"". 

"  Authore  invito,  tenues  mandare  libellos, 

Furtivis  solitus  Bibliopola  typis, 
TJltores  pueros  deceptus  fraude  maligna 

Sensit  ab  excesso  missus  in  Astra  sago  : 
Nee  satis  hoc;  mensa  late  porrectus  acerna 

Supplicium  rigidae  fert  puerile  scholaj : 
Jam  virgae  impatiens  pueris  convitia  fundit; 

Vicinique  crepat  jurgia  nota  fori. 
Flagra  minas  misero  extorquent  repetita ;  rainasque 

Quo  magis  ingeminat,  vapulat  ille  magis. 


"  Whether  Causes  can  be  mutual  ?    Aflf. 
"  Much  had  piratic  Mun  by  pamphlets  got, 
For  print  he  would,  if  authors  would  or  not. 
By  vengeful  boys  decoyed,  he  takes  ten  flights 
From  blanket,  loftier  than  from  Grub  Street  Rights. 
Nay  more :  stretch'd  out  at  length  on  maple  board, 
Feels  boyish  pains  in  rigid  schools  abhorred, 
Impatient  of  the  rod,  '  Ye  dogs  uncivil,' 

He  cries,  'by I'll  sue  you  to  the  devil.' 

Lashes  loud'threats  extort :  in  greater  store. 
The  threats  flie  out,  the  wretch  is  lashed  the  more. 
"  Mr.  Bavius  objected  against  the  impropriety  of  trans- 


22 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  28.,  July  12.  '56. 


lating  '  latfe  porrectus,'  by  '  stretched  out  at  length.'  But 
Mr.  Msevius  vindicated  it  by  saying,  that  one  of  the 
agents  had  assured  him  that  the  patient  was  stretched 
out  at  length,  as  well  as  in  breadth ;  and  therefore  the 
translator,  as  well  as  the  author,  might  chuse  which  he 
pleased." 

Let  me  add  a  Query  :  Where  did  Curll 
" .        .         .        th'  oration  print 
Imperfect  with  false  Latin  in't?" 

—  the  offence  for  which  it  is  stated  he  was  subjected 
to  such  dishonourable  treatment.  M.  N.  S. 


Warburton.  —  Among  the  books  formerly  be- 
longing to  Samuel  Rogers,  and  now  on  sale  by 
AVillis  and  Sotheran,  is  a  copy  of  Dr.  Johnson's 
Tuhle  Talk,  1785,  "  ivith  the  following  severe  verae 
on  Warburton  written  by  Mr.  Rogers  on  the  fiy- 
leuf: " 

"  He  is  so  proud  that  should  he  meet 
'the  twelve  Apostles  in  the  street. 
He'd  turn  his  nose  up  at  them  all. 
And  thrust  our  Saviour  from  the  wall." 

Are  these  verses  by  Rogers,  or  merely  copied 
by  him  from  some  contemporary  satire  ?        S.  W. 


DOUCE  S    MS.    NOTES. 

The  following  notes  by  this  learned  antiquary 
iire  in  a  copy  of  R.  Gaguin's  Grandes  Croniques, 
fol.,  Par.  1514,  which  formerly  belonged  to  him, 
and  is  now  in  the  Douce  Collection  in  the  Bod- 
leian Library,  Oxford. 

"  Gaguin's  Gestes  Romaines,  printed  by  Verara,  with- 
out date,  in  folio.  This  is  not  the  Gesta  Romanorum,  as 
somewhere  stated,  but  a  compilation  of  the  Koman  history 
down  to  the  time  of  .     At  the  end  of  his  pro- 

logue he  speaks  of  the  tournaments  and  'joustes  h,  ou- 
trance '  that  he  had  seen  in  England  and  in  the  court  of 
Burgundy.  The  work  begins  with  Hasanibal's  being 
made  emperor  of  the  Carthaginians,  and  ends  with  Scipio's 
triumph  at  Rome.  Then  follow  various  matters  on  he- 
raldry, as  the  origin  of  Montjoye  king-at-arms,  manner 
of  electing  an  emperor,  duke,  viscount,  &c.,  observations 
on  war,  &c. ;  account  of  justs  in  England  and  Burgundy, 
&c." 

"At  the  end  of  the  Roman  history  is  a  large  cut, 
copied,  I  think,  from  some  fine  illumination  of  which  I 
have  a  drawing  (from  Rive's  work,  in  outline).  On  the 
left  a  Gothic  chapel,  on  the  outside  arms  of  France  on  a 
shield,  inside  a  bishop  anointing  a  kneeling  and  naked 
person.  This  in  front.  Behind,  a  bishop  baptizing  a 
child.  On  the  right  hand  of  the  print,  King  Clovis  put- 
ting a  Roman  army  to  flight,  clovis  koy  on  his  horse- 
trappings.  Behind,  a  hermit  bringing  a  new  shield  with 
three  fleurs-de-lis,  instead  of  the  old  arms  on  the  king's 
breast,  viz.  three  *  *  *  (?)  On  a  hill  the  hermit 
receives  this  shield  fi-om  an  angel,  a  bird  attending  with 
the  ampoulle  in  his  mouth.  In  the  back-ground  pillars 
with  images  on  them  (as  in  a  large  painting  at  Somerset 
House  of  H.  P.  and  Sowers)  (?),  and  a  king  and  queen 
standing  near  them." 

"  On  Knight  Bannerets. 

"  Where  a  tenant  has  served  long  in  war,  and  has  land 
enough  to  maintain  fifty  gentlemen,  he  may  lawfully 


raise  his  banner,  and  on  the  first  battle  he  may  bring  a 
pennon  of  his  arms,  and  require  of  the  constable  or  mar- 
shal to  be  made  banneret,  which  if  granted,  the  trumpets 
are  to  announce  it,  and  then  the  tails  of  the  pennon  are  to 
be  cut,  in  order  to  be  carried  with  those  of  others  either 
above  or  below  barons." 

"  Mode  of  ordering  a  Battle  'par  eschelles,'  i.  e.  squadrons. 

"  The  ceremony  at  the  combat  at  lists  is  very  curious. 
The  regulations  themselves,  made  by  Thomas,  Duke  of 
Gloucester,  High  Constable  for  Rich.  11.,  are  given:  — 
'Et  si  la  dicte  bataille  est  cause  de  traison,  celluy  qui  est 
vaincu  et  descomfit  sera  desarmfe  dedans  les  lices,  et  par 
le  comandement  du  conestable  sera  mis  en  un  comet,  et 
en  reprehencion  de  luy  sera  traisne  hors  avec  chevaulx 
du  lieu  mesme  ou  il  est  ainsi  desarmi  parmy  les  lices 
jusques  au  lieu  de  justice  ou  sera  decole  ou  pendu  selon 
lusaige  des  paj's,  la  quelle  chose  appartient  au  mareschal 
voir  par  fournir  par  son  office  et  le  mettre  a  execution.' 

"  N.B.  —  The  hanging  and  beheading  was  confined  to 
cases  of  treason ;  in  a  simple  affair  of  arms  the  disabled 
party  was  only  disarmed  and  led  out  of  lists. 

"  'Ci  finist  ies  gestes  romaines  et  les  statuts  et  ordon- 
nances  des  heraulx  darmes,  translate  de  latin  en  francois 
par  maistre  Robert  Guaguin  general  de  lordre  des  Ma- 
turins.'  —  No  date,  but  pr.  bv  Ant.  Verard  in  folio,  Brit. 
Mus." 

"  Gaguin  died  at  Paris  in  1601.  His  history  extends 
to  1499. 

"  Gaguin  entreprit  un  ouvrage  qui  dans  onze  livres 
comprend  I'histoire  de  douze  siecles.  Rien  ne  manqua  h 
Gaguin  que  le  genie  pour  etre  un  bon  historien  ;  car  ses 
frequentes  ambassades  et  les  livres  de  la  biblioth^que  de 
Louis  XII  lui  procuroient  tous  les  secours  qui  pouvoient 
lui  etre  necessaires."  —  Carlencas,  Hist,  des  Belles  Lettres, 
p.  326." 

"  See  an  excellent  character  of  Gaguin  in  the  Recreations 
Historiques,  tome  ii.  p.  1 84." 

"  See  in  Chevillier,  Origine  de  I'imprimerie  de  Paris, 
p.  157.,  an  account  of  the  dissatisfaction  expressed  by 
Gaguin  at  the  inaccuracy  of  the  first  edition  of  his  work." 

"  See  Meusel,  Bibl.  Hist,  tom.  vii.  p.  9." 

"  Gaguin  was  librarian  to  Louis  XL,  Charles  VIIL, 
and  Louis  XII." 

W.  D.  M. 


GENERAL   UTEEARY   INDEX:  —  ALLEGIANCE,   ETC. 

{Continued  from  2"'*  S.  i.487.) 

"  The  Controversial  Letters,  or  the  Grand  Controversie 
concerning  the  Pope's  Temporal  Authority  between  two 
English  Gentlemen ;  the  one  of  the  Church  of  England, 
the  other  of  Rome.     4to.     London.     1673-75." 

"  History  and  Vindication  of  the  Irish  Remonstrance, 
&c.     1661.     Reprinted,  fol.     Lond.,  1674. 

"  A  Letter  to  the  Catholics  of  England,  &c.  &c,  &c. 
By  Father  Peter  Walsh.     8vo.     Lond.,  1674." 

'"  England's  Independency  upon  the  Papal  Power  his- 
torically and  judiciallv  stated,  out  of  the  Reports  of  Sir 
John  Davis  and  Sir  Edw.  Coke.  By  Sir  John  Pettus. 
4to.     Lond.,  1674." 

"  Some  Considerations  of  Present  Concernment ;  how 
far  Romanists  may  be  trusted  by  Princes  of  another  Per- 
suasion.    By  Henry  Dodwell.     8vo.     1675." 

"  A  Seasonable  Question,  and  an  Useful  Answer ;  con- 
tained in  an  Exchange  of  a  Letter  between  a  Parliament 
Man  in  Cornwall  and  a  Bencher  of  the  Temple,  London. 
Lond.,  1676." 

"  The  Jesuits'  Loyalty,  in  Three  Tracts,  written  by 


2'"i  S.  No  28.,  July  12.  '66.  *| 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


23 


them  against  the  Oath  of  Allegiance,  with  the  Reasons 
of  Penal  Laws.     1677(?)." 

"  Answer  to  Three  Treatises  published  under  the  Title 
of '  The  Jesuits'  Loyalty.'    4to.     Lend.,  1678." 

"  An  Account  of"  the  Growth  of  Popery,  and  Arbitrary 
Government  in  England ;  more  particularly  from  the 
long  Prorogation  of  Parliament  of  Nov.  1675,  ending 
the  15th  Feb.  1676,  till  the  last  Meeting  of  Parliament, 
the  16th  of  July,  1677.  Fol.  Lond.,  1678.  Reprinted 
in  'State  Tracts'  in  1689." 

"  Popery,  or  the  Principles  and  Positions  approved  by 
the  Church  of  Rome  (when  really  believed  and  practised), 
are  verj'  dangerous  to  all,  and  to  Protestant  Kings  and 
Supreme  Powers  more  especially  pernicious  and  incon- 
sistent with  that  Loyalty  which  (by  the  Law  of  Nature 
and  Scripture)  is  indispensably  due  to  Supreme  Powers. 
By  Thomas  Barlow,  Bishop  of  Lincoln.  4to.  Lond., 
1679." 

"  Brutum  Fulmen,  or  the  Bull  of  Pius  V.  against  Q. 
Elizabeth,  with  Observations  and  Animadversions.  By 
the  Same.    4to.     Lond.,  1681." 

"  The  King- Killing  Doctrine  of  the  Jesuits,  translated 
from  the  French.     By  Peter  Bellon.     4to.     Lond.,  1679." 

"  The  Jesuits'  Catechism  according  to  St.  Ignatius 
Loyola  for  the  Instructing  and  Strengthening  of  all  those 
which  are  weake  in  that  Faith.  Wherein  the  Impiety  of 
their  Principles,  Pernitiousness  of  their  Doctrines,  and 
Iniquitv  of  their  Practises  are  declared.  4to.  Lond., 
1679." ' 

"  The  Jesuits  Unmasked ;  or  Politick  Observations 
upon  the  Ambitious  Pretensions  and  Subtle  Intreagues  of 
that  Cunning  Society.  Presented  to  all  High  Powers 
as  a  Seasonable  Discourse  at  this  Time.  4to.  Lond., 
1679." 

"  Christian  Loj'alty ;  or  a  Dyscourse,  wherein  is  asserted 
that  just  Royal  Authority  and  Eminency,  which  in  this 
Church  and  Realm  of  England,  is  yielded  to  the  King. 
Especially  concerning  Supremacy  in  Causes  Ecclesiastical. 
Together  with  the  Disclaiming  all  Foreign  Jurisdiction  ; 
and  the  Unlawfulness  of  Subjects  Taking  Armes  against 
the  King.     By  William  Falkner.    8vo.     Lond.,  1679." 

"  An  Exact  Discovery  of  the  Mystery  of  Iniquity  as  it 
is  now  in  practice  among  the  Jesuits  and  other  their 
Emissaries.  With  a  particular  Account  of  their  Anti- 
christian  and  Devillish  Policy.     4to.     1679.'* 

"  The  Case  put  concerning  the  Succession  of  the  D.  of 
York.  With  some  Observations  upon  the  Political  Cate- 
chism, the  Appeal,  &c.,  and  Three  or  Four  other  Libels. 
2nd  edit,  enlarged.  [By  Sir  Roger  L'Estrange.]  Lond., 
1679." 

"  Seasonable  Advice  to  all  true  Protestants  in  England 
in  this  present  Posture  of  Affairs.  Discerdlng  the  pre- 
sent Designs  of  the  Papists,  with  other  remafttable  Things, 
tending  to  the  Peace  of  the  Church,  and  the  Security  of 
the  Protestant  Religion.  By  a  Sincere  Lover  of  his  King 
and  Country.     4to.     Lond.,  1679." 

"  A  Seasonable  Memorial  in  some  Historical  Notes 
upon  the  Liberties  of  the  Press  and  Pulpit,  with  the 
Effects  of  Popular  Petitions,  Tumults,  Associations,  Im- 
postures, and  disaffected  Common  Councils.  To  all  good 
Subjects  and  true  Protestants.  4to.  Lond.,  1680."  [By 
Sir  Roger  L'Estrange,  partly  in  favour  of  the  succession  of 
the  Duke  of  York.] 

"  Three  Great  Questions  concerning  the  Succession, 
and  the  Danger  of  Popery.  Fully  examined  in  a  Letter 
to  a  Member  of  the  present  Parliament.     4to.     1680." 

"  The  True  Protestant  Subject,  or  the  Nature  and 
Rights  of  Sovereignty  discussed  and  stated.  Addressed 
to  the  Good  People. of  England.     4to.     Lond.,  1680." 

"  A  Seasonable  Address  to  both  Houses  of  Parliament 
concerning  the  Succession,  the  Fears  of  Popery,  and  Ar- 
bitrary Government.    4to.     1681." 


"  A  Conference  about  the  next  Succession  to  the  Crown 
of  England.     By  R.  Doleman.     Reprinted,  1681." 

"  The  Case  of  Protestants  in  England  under  a  Popish 
Prince,  if  any  shall  happen  to  wear  the  Imperial  Crown. 
4to.     1681." 

"  Loyalty  asserted,  in  Vindication  of  the  Oath  of  Al- 
legiance.    8vo.     1681." 

"A  Dialogue  between  the  Pope  and  a  Phanatic  con- 
cerning Affairs  in  England.  By  a  Hearty  Lover  of  his 
Prince  and  Country.     4to.     Lond.,  1681." 

"  Ursa  Major  et  Minor,  shewing  that  there  is  no  such 
Fear  as  is  factiouslv  pretended  of  Poperv  and  Arbitrary 
Power.     Lond.,  168'l." 

"  No  Protestant  Plot,  or  the  present  pretended  Con- 
spiracy of  Protestants  against  the  King  and  Government 
discovered  to  be  a  Conspiracy  of  the  Papists  against  the 
King  and  his  Protestant  Subjects.  (By  Antony  Ashley 
Cooper,  Earl  of  Shaftesbury.)     4to.     Lond.,  1681." 

"A  Letter  to  a  Friend  containing  certain  Observations 
upon  some  Passages  which  have  been  published  in  a  late 
Libel,  intituled,  The  Third  Part  of  No  Protestant  Plot ; 
and  which  do  relate  to  the  Kingdom  of  Ireland.  4to. 
Lond.,  1682." 

"  Last  Efforts  of  Afflicted  Innocence ;  being  an  Account 
of  the  Persecution  of  the  Protestants  of  France,  and  a 
Vindication  of  the  Reformed  Religion  from  the  Aspersions 
of  Disloyalty  and  Rebellion  charged  on  it  by  the  Papists, 
translated  from  the  French  by  W.  Vaughan.     1682." 

"  The  Loyaltj'  of  Popish  Principles  examined  in  answer 
to  a  late  Book  entitled  '  Stafford's  Memoirs.'  By  Robert 
Hancock.     4to.     Lond.,  1682." 

"  The  Judgment  of  an  Anonymous  Writer  concerning 
these  following  particulars :  1.  A  Law  for  Disabling  a 
Papist  to  Inherit  the  Crown,  &c.  &c.  The  second  edition, 
4to.     Lond.  1684." 

This  was  first  published  In  1674  under  a  dif- 
ferent title :  see  Biographia  Britannica.  Suppl., 
p.  95.,  n.  D.     Dr.  Geo.  Hickes  was  the  writer. 

"  The  Royal  Apology,  or  Answer  to  the  Rebel's  Plea, 
wherein  the  anti-monarchical  Tenents,  first  published  by 
Doleman  the  Jesuit,  to  promote  a  Bill  of  Exclusion  against 
King  James.  Secondh',  practised  by  Bradshaw  and  the 
Regicides  in  the  actual  Murder  of  King  Charles  the  1st. 
Thirdly,  republished  by  Sidney  and  the  Associators  to 
Depose  and  Murder  his  Present  Majesty,  are  distinctly 
considered.  With  a  Parallel  between  Doleman,  Hrad- 
shaw,  Sidney,  and  other  of  the  True  Protestant  Party. 
4to.     Lond.,  1684." 

Watt  ascribes  this  work  to  Sir  R.  L'Estrange  as 
well  as  to  Assheton. 

"  The  Apostate  Protestant.  A  Letter  to  a  Friend,  oc- 
casioned by  the  late  reprinting  of  a  Jesuit's  Book  about 
Succession  to  the  Crown  of  England,  pretended  to  have 
been  written  by  R.  Doleman.  Bj'  Edw.  Pelling.  4to. 
Lond.,  1685." 

The  first  edition  was  published  In  1682.  As- 
cribed by  Watt  to  Sir  R.  L'Estrange  also. 

"  Remarks  upon  the  reflections  of  the  Author  of  Popery 
misrepresented,  &c.,  on  his  Answerer ;  particularly  as  to 
the  deposing  Doctrine,  &c.  &c.  By  Mr.  Abednego  Seller. 
4to.     1686." 

"  Popery  anatomized ;  or  the  Papists  cleared  from  the 
false  Imputations  of  Idolatry  and  Rebellion.    4to.    1686." 

"An  Answer  of  a  Minister  of  the  Church  of  England  to 
a  Seasonable  and  Important  Question  proposed  to  him  by 
a  loyal  and  religious  Member  of  the  present  House  of 
Commons,  viz..  What  Respect  ought  the  true  Sons  of  the 
Church  of  England  in  point  of  Conscience  and  Christian 


M 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  NO  28.,  July  12.  '56. 


Prudence  to  bear  to  the  Religion  of  that  Church,  whereof 
the  King  is  a  Member.     4to.     Lend.,  1687." 

"  How  the  Members  of  the  Church  of  England  ought 
to  behave  themselves  under  a  Roman  Catholic  King,  with 
reference  to  the  Test  and  Penal  Laws.  By  a  Member  of 
the  same  Church.     12mo.     Lond.,  1687." 

"  The  True  Test  of  the  Jesuits,  or  the  Spirit  of  that 
Society  disloyal  to  God,  their  King,  and  Neighbour.  4to. 
Amsterdam,  1688." 

"  Tlie  Jesuits'  Reasons  Unreasonable.  Or  Doubts  pro- 
posed to  the  Jesuits  upon  their  Paper  presented  to  Seven 
Persons  of  Honour  for  Non -Exception  from  the  common 
favour  voted  to  Catholics.     4to.     1688." 

"The  True  Spirit  of  Popery,  or  the  treachery  and 
cruelty  of  the  Papists  exercised  against  Protestants  in  all 
ages  and  countries  when  Popery  hath  the  upper  hand, 
4to.     1688." 

"  An  Impartial  Query  for  Protestants,  viz.  Can  Good 
come  out  of  Galilee,  or  can  a  Popish  Ruler  propagate  the 
Reformed  Religion.     4to.     1688." 

"  The  Obligation  resulting  from  the  Oath  of  Supremacj' 
to  assist  and  defend  the  Prerogative  of  the  Dispensative 
Power  belonging  to  the  King.     Fol.     1688." 

"Allen's  (Will,  alias  Col.  Titus)  Killing  no  Murder, 
proving  it  lawful  to  kill  a  Tyrant.     4to.     1689." 

"  Ascham's  (Anthony)  Seasonable  Discourse  of  what  is 
lawful  during  the  Confusions  and  Revolutions  of  Go- 
vernment.   4to.     1689." 

First  published  in  1649. 

"  Brutus  (Junius)  VindiciiB  contra  Tyrannos ;  or,  a 
Defence  of  Liberty  against  Tyrants,  or  of  the  Prince  over 
the  People,  and  of  the  People  over  the  Prince,  translated. 
4to.     1689." 

The  translation  was  first  published  in  1648. 
The  original  is  by  some  ascribed  to  Hubert  Lan- 
guet,  by  others  to  Theodore  Beza.  It  was  trans- 
lated by  Walker,  the  presumed  executioner  of 
Charles  I. 

"  Sidney  Redivivus,  or  the  Opinion  of  the  late  Colonel 
Sidney  as  to  Civil  Government.    4to.     1689." 

See  tracts  relative  to  the  Revolution  in  1688. 

BlBLIOTHECAB.  ChETHAM. 


SEBJBANT8     KINGS  :    MR.   JUSTICE    PRICE. 

I  was  in  hopes  this  subject  would  have  been 
continued  (vide  1"  S.  v.  563.),  and  that  as  correct 
a  list  as  could  possibly  be  obtained  from  your  nu- 
merous correspondents  would  have  appeared  in 
your  valuable  columns  long  ere  this.  As  a  small 
confrihution  towards  so  desirable  an  object,  I  beg 
to  hand  you  the  following  motto  selected  by  Robert 
Price,  Esq  ,  of  Foxley,  co.  Hereford,  for  his  pre- 
sentation rings  on  being  made  serjeant-at-law  in 
1702  : 

"  Regina  et  Lege  gandet  Britannia." 

As  a  note  to  the  foregoing,  the  following  par- 
ticulars of  this  excellent  judge  may  not  prove  un- 
interesting. He  was  made  attorney-general  for 
South  Wales  in  1682,  and  elected  an  alderman  of 
the  city  of  Hereford.  Sat  in  the  remarkable  par- 
liament of  the  same  year  when  the  Act  of  Exclu- 


sion was  brought  in,  against  which  he  voted.  In 
1683,  Recorder  of  Radnor.  After  the  death  of 
Charles  IE.,  in  1684,  was  steward  to  her  majesty 
Catherine,  the  queen-dowagei'.  Elected  town 
clerk  for  the  city  of  Gloucester  in  1685.  King's 
counsel  at  Ludlow,  under  James  II.,  in  1686.  In 
1695,  he  strenuously  and  successfully  opposed  the 
exorbitant  grant  which  the  king,  William  III., 
proposed  to  confer  on  his  favourite,  the  Earl  of 
Portland.  In  1702,  was  made  one  of  the  Barons 
of  the  Exchequer  ;  in  which  Court  he  presided 
nearly  a  quarter  of  a  century.  And  on  the  death 
of  Mr.  Justice  Dormer  in  1726,  he  succeeded  him 
in  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  where  he  presided 
till  his  death,  which  took  place  at  Kensington  on 
Feb.  2,  1732,  in  his  seventy-ninth  year.  He  was 
buried  at  Yazor,  in  the  county  of  Hereford. 

What  relation  was  he  to  the  present  Sir  Robert 
Price,  Bart.,  of  Foxley  in  that  county  ? 

J.  B.  Whitborne. 


PLAT  BY  ST.  Paul's  eots  at  Greenwich,  1527. 

In  his  recently-published  History  of  England, 
Mr.  Froude  makes  an  extract  from  an  old  MS., 
which  he  introduces  in  a  manner  that  would  lead 
to  the  belief  that  it  had  never  before  been  pub- 
lished. 

It  had  been  used  by  Mr.  Collier  in  the  Annals 
of  the  Stage,  and  connected  by  him  with  the  same 
passage  from  Hall.  With  those  unacquainted  with 
the  fact,  Mr.  Fronde's  language  might  deprive 
Mr.  Collier  of  some  of  the  praise  that  belongs 
to  him  for  the  compilation  of  his  extraordinary 
book,  which,  while  it  is  the  evidence  of  his  wonder- 
ful industry,  is  also  its  best  monument. 

His  History  of  England  bears  unmistakeable 
evidence  of  truthfulness,  but  unfriendly  critics 
might  say  that  in  this  case  Mr.  Froude  has  shown 
a  want  of  candour. 

As  I  cannot  think  it  such,  I  would  place  the 
coincidence^n  record  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  that  a  future 
misunderstaWing  may  be  avoided. 

At  p.  62.  vol.  i.,  Mr.  Froude  says  : 

"As  I  desire  in  this  chapter  not  only  to  relate  what 
were  the  habits  of  the  people,  but  to  illustrate  them  also, 
within  such  compass  as  I  can  allow  myself,  I  shall  tran- 
scribe out  of  Hall  a  description  of  a  play  which  was  acted 
by  the  boys  of  St.  Paul's  School  in  1527,  at  Greenwich, 
adding  some  particulars,  not  mentioned  by  Hall,  from 
another  source.*     .    .     . 

Here  follows  the  passage  from  Hall,  at  the  con- 
clusion of  which  Mr.  Froude  continues : 

"  So  far  Hall  relates  the  scene,  but  there  was  more  in 
the  play  than  he  remembered,  or  cared  to  notice,  and  / 
am  able  to  complete  this  curious  picture  of  a  pageant  once 

*  77)6  Personages,  Dresses,  and  Properties  of  a  Mystery 
Play,  acted  at  Greenwicli,  by  Command  of  Henry  VIII- 
Rolls  House  MS. 


2nd  g.  No  28..  July  12.  '56.3  NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


25 


really  and  truly  a  living  spectacle  in  the  old  Palace  at 
Greenwich,  by  an  inventory  of  the  dresses  worn  by  the 
boys,  and  a  list  of  the  dramatis  personm. 

"  The  schoolboys  of  St.  Paul's  were  taken  down  the 
river  with  the  master  in  six  boats,  at  the  cost  of  a  shilling 
a  boat ;  the  cost  of  the  dresses  and  the  other  expenses 
amounting  in  all  to  sixty-one  shillings.  The  characters 
were, — 

"  An  orator  in  apparel  of  cloth  of  gold. 

"Religio,  Ecclesia,  Veritas,  like  three  widows,  in  gar- 
ments of  silk,  and  suits  of  lawn  and  cypress.^ 

"  Heresy  and  False  Interpretation,  like  sisters  of  Bo- 
hemia, apparelled  in  silk  of  divers  colours. 

"  The  heretic  Luther,  like  a  party  friar  in  russet  da- 
mask and  black  taffety. 

"  Luther's  wife,  like  a  frow  of  Spiers  in  Almayn,  in  red 
Bilk,"  &c. 

At  p.  107.  vol.  i.  of  the  Annals  of  the  Stage, 
published  five-and-twenty  years  ago,  Mr.  Collier 
thus  introduces  the  same  passage  : 

"The  original  account  by  Richard  Gibson,  in  his  own 
writing,  giving  a  variety  of"  details  regarding  this  extra- 
ordinary exhibition,  is  now  in  my  hands*  ;  and  although 
he  was  evidently  an  illiterate  man,  and  wrote  a  bad  hand, 
and  although  the  paper  is  considerably  worm-eaten,  the 
•whole  is  legible  and  intelligible We  after- 
wards arrive  at  the  following  enumeration  and  description 
of  the  singular  characters  in  this  remarkable  interlude : 

"  The  kyng's  plessyer  was  that  at  the  sayd  revells  by 
clerks  in  the  latyn  tong  schouUd  be  playd  in  hys  hy 
presens  a  play,  where  of  insewethe  the  naames.  First  a 
Orratur  in  apparell  of  goUd  :  a  Poyed  (Poet)  in  apparell 
of  cloothe  of  goUd :  Relygyun,  Ecclesia,  Verritas,  lyke  iij 
nowessys  (novices)  in  garments  of  syllke,  and  vayells  of 
laun  and  sypers  (cypress) :  Errysy  (Heresy)  Falls-inter- 
prytacyun,  Corupcyoscryptoriis,  lyke  ladys  of  Beem  (Bo- 
hemia?) inperelld  in  garments  of  syllke  of  dyvers  kolours : 
the  errytyke  Lewter  (Luther)  lyke  a  party  freer  (iriar)  in 
russet  damaske  and  blake  taffata  :  Lewter's  wyef  (wife) 
like  a  frow  of  Spyers  in  Allmayn,  in  red  syllke,  &c.  &c.    . 

"  It.  payd  by  me  Rychard  Gybson,  for  vj  boots  (boats) 
to  karry  the  Master  of  Powlls  SkooU  and  the  chyldyrn  as 
well  hoom  as  to  the  Kourt  to  every  boot  12d. ;  so  payd 
for  frayght  for  the  chyldyrn  6s." 

CM. 

Leicester. 


ILLUSTRATIONS    OF   MACAULAT. 

Unpublished  Letter  of  Judge  Jeffryes.  —  The 
publication  of  Macaulay's  History  of  England  has 
drawn  much  attention  to  the  actors  in  the  events 
of  the  era  of  the  Revolution.  The  following  let- 
ter was  sent  by  this  judge  of  infamous  memory  to 
the  Mayor  of  Preston,  on  the  subject  of  the  sur- 
render of  the  municipal  charter  of  that  ancient 
borough  in  the  latter  portion  of  the  reign  of 
Charles  II.  The  charter  was  regranted.  It 
would  appear  that  the  judge  was  an  adept  in  the 
"  soft  sawder  "  line  : 

*  The  official  cogjf  of  it,  made  out  from  Gibson's  rough 
draught,  and  signed  by  Sir  Henry  Guildford  (as  Comp- 
troller of  the  Household)  and  by  Gibson,  is  in  the 
Chapter-House,  Westminster. 


"I  reed  yours  with  an  accompt  of  yo'  comunicating  my 
last  to  yo'  Brethren,  and  I  am  shure  nothing  I  sayd 
therein  could  be  more  pleasing  to  any  of  you  then  my 
being  in  condicon  to  doe  you  any  act  of  Service  or  ffriend-  , 
ship  is  to  me  and  as  a  Testimony  of  my  Sincerity  therein 
I  shall  for  y«  pnt  and  as  long  as  I  live  give  you  y«  best 
assistance  I  am  capable  off  nor  shall  yo'  Corporation  be 
any  wayes  Injured  in  any  of  your  priviledges  if  I  can 
prevent.  In  my  last  I  hinted  to  you  y«  most  pper  time 
for  your  attendance  upon  his  Sacred  Ma"®  and  shall 
hasten  y«  Confirmation  of  your  Chart"^  with  as  much  ease 
both  of  Charge  and  Trouble  as  possible  can  be.  His 
Mat»«  has  again  comanded  me  to  take  an  especiall  Care  on 
your  behalf,  and  y*  you  may  find  y«  elferts  of  his  Gratious 
acceptance  of  yo"^  unanimous  and  loyall  submission  to  his 
Royall  pleasure  by  his  bounty  in  yo"^  next  Charf,  and  so 
I  wish  you  and  all  your  Brethren  all  happiness,  and 
remain, 

«S', 
"Your  most  ffaithful  ffriend  and 

"  Oblidged  serv*, 

"  Geo.  Jeffryes. 

«  London,  Sept.  29th,  84." 

The  superscription  is,  — 

"For 
James  Ashton,  Esq.,  Mayor 

of  Preston  att  Preston  in 

Lancashere." 

Prestoniensis. 


The  Crystal  Palace  and  the  Monuments  of  the 
Templars  and  Freemasons  of  the  Middle  Ages.  — 
At  a  time  when  the  very  sinews  of  nations  are 
strained  to  erect  buildings  amongst  heaps  of 
ledgers,  cash-books,  &c.,  we  forget  that  those  far 
superior  Minsters  of  the  Middle  Ages  are  owing 
to  a  secret  association,  the  Lodges  and  Bauhiltten 
of  whom  had  nothing  at  their  command  but  en- 
thusiasm and  self-devotion  to  a  great  cause.  Their 
archives  and  banners  (rouge,  blanc,  bleu  I)  Vanished 
with  the  men  who  possessed  them  ;  still,  they  left 
their  mystical  emblems  on  the  stupendous  euiflces 
of  their  creation.  It  was  also  the  Knights  Templars 
who  extorted  from  John  Plaiitaganet  the  Ma^na 
Charta — a  possession  far  exceeding  any  thing  ob- 
tained during  the  six  hundred  years  I'oUowing. 
Such  an  order  of  men,  and  its  imprints  and  monu- 
ments, deserve  a  place  in  any  art  or  architectural 
collection,  which  lays  claim  to  even  comparative 
completeness.  There  exists  in  a  not  large  but 
charmipg  Templar  church  at  Schongrabem 
(Grave- beauty  !)  in  Austria,  a  series  of  alto- 
relievos  representing  the  very  rites  and  mysteries 
of  the  old  Knights  Templars,  which  Hammer  has 
figured  in  his  Mines  d  Orient.  They  are  perfectly 
well  preserved,  as  the  building  lying  somewhat 
aside  the  high  road  escaped  the  ravages  of  bigoted 
Vandalism.  Models  of  these  most  curious  rites 
and  mysteries,  together  with  similar  representa- 
tions, probably  existing  on  some  ancient  buildings 


26 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°^  S.  No  28.,  July  12.  '56. 


of  France,  England,  &c.,  would  form  an  interest- 
ing series,  illustrating  the  history  of  those  builders 
and  artists,  whose  works  all  our  boasted  hut  Jejune 
and  formal  skill  has  not  yet  surpassed. 

P.  S.  The  name  of  the  sculptor  under  Goethe's 
jouth-hust  in  the  Crystal  Palace  ought  to  be  Trip- 
pel  and  not  Frippel.  J.  Lotskt,  Panslave. 

Inscription.  — In  the  Harl.  MS.  6894.  (p.  91.), 
occurs  the  following  ungallant  couplet : 

"  On  the  atchievement  of  a  married  Lady  deceased  at 
Stanmore  Magna,  Middlesex : 

"  Satis  mihi  propitius  est  Deus, 
Quod  ego  adlmc  superstes  sum." 

"  God  has  to  me  sufficiently  been  kind, 
To  take  mv  wife,  and  leave  me  here  behind." 

J.  Y. 
Concert  for  Horses.  — 

"  The  eccentric  Lord  Holland  of  the  reign  of  William 
in.  used  to  give  his  horses  a  weekly  concert  in  a  covered 
gallery  specially  erected  for  the  purpose.  He  maintained 
that  it  cheered  their  hearts,  and  improved  their  temper, 
and  an  eye-witness  says  that  'the}'  seemed  to  be  greatly 
delighted  therewith.' "  —  Stray  Leaves  from  the  Book  of 
Mature. 

R.  W.  Hackwood. 

Funeral  Expenses.  —  Funeral  expenses,  100 
years  ago,  were,  very  different  from  what  they  are 
now.  I  give  you  two  accounts  of  some  Quaker 
ancestors  of  mine,  buried  at  that  time  :  — 

The  funeral  expenses  of  Edward  Halsey,  June 
9,  1751,  his  wife  executrix,  as  per  bill,  cost  37/. 
He  died  in  London,  and  buried  at  Wandsworth. 
Twelve  glass-coaches  and  six  hackney  coaches 
followed. 

The  funeral  expenses  of  John  Smith,  Esq.,  of 
Stockwell  House,  Surrey,  July  23,  1757,  cost 
171.  lis.  Five  glass-coaches  followed,  his  son, 
Daniel  Smith,  executor. 

Mourning  coaches  were  not  allowed  by  Quakers, 
neither  black  habiliments,  but  everything  new  was 
put  on  at  that  time.  Julia  R.  Bockbtt. 

Southcote  Lodge. 

*'  To  call  a  spade  a  spade."  —  Some  of  your  cor- 
respondents are  doubtless  able  to  trace  this  ex- 
pression, if  not  to  its  origin,  to  a  much  earlier 
period  than  I  am  in  the  following  writers.*  Baxter, 
in  his  Narrative  of  the  most  Memorable  Passages 
of  his  Life  and  Times,  1696,  thus  introduces  it: 

"  I  have  a  strong  natural  inclination  to  speak  of  every 
subject  just  as  it  is,  and  to  call  a  spade  a  spade,  and  verba 
rebus  optare,  so  as  that  the  thing  spoken  of  may  be  fulliest 
known  by  the  words,  which  methinks  is  part  of  our 
speaking  truly.  But  I  unfeignedly  confess  that  it  is 
faulty,  because  imprudent." 

This  is  the  passage  referred  to  by  Mr.  Blunt  in 
his  posthumous  work,  Duties  of  the  Parish  Priest. 

[*  See  our  !'*■  S.  iv.  274. 456.,  for  some  earlier  instances 
of  the  use  of  this  saying.] 


A  later  writer  of  a  very  different  school  to 
Baxter — Dr.  Arbuthnot — in  his  Dissertations 
upon  the  Art  of  Selling  Bargains,  says  : 

"  In  the  native  region  of  our  itinerant  salesman,  there 
is  an  immemorial  prescriptitn/or  calling  a  spade  a  spade ; 
they  are  not  over  curious  in  using  circumlocutions  or 
other  fgurative  modes  of  speech,  but  choose  rather  to  ex- 
press themselves  in  the  most  plain  and  proper  words  of 
their  Mother-Tongue." 

Swift  is  quoted  as  using  this  expression,  but  I 
have  no  reference  to  the  particular  passage  in  his 
writings  where  it  may  be  found. 

Ray  has  given  this  amongst  his  Proverbial 
Phrases,  but  without  a  comment.  J.  H.  M. 

Inscriptions  on  Houses.  —  In  the  village  of  Ax- 
mouth,  Devon,  the  houses  are  for  the  most  part 
built  of  small  stone  or  of  cob  ;  but  the  chimney- 
stacks  are  carefully  constructed  of  cut  stone,  and 
form  the  most  elaborate  and  ornamented  portion 
of  the  edifice. 

A  few  minutes'  leisure  enabled  me  to  copy  the 
following  inscriptions  carved  on  the  chimney  tops, 
and  from  a  glance  at  the  character  of  the  farm- 
houses visible  from  the  road,  I  have  no  doubt 
but  that  such  records  are  characteristic  of  the  dis- 
trict. Any  of  your  correspondents  who  may  love 
the  secluded  nooks  where  beauty  nestles  and  an- 
tiquity lingers,  may  find  occupation  here. 

On  a  house  whose  windows  are  deeply  embayed 
in  flourishing  myrtle,  is  the  following : 
"Anno  Britannico 

ILLO 
MiRABILIS, 

164L" 
On  another  at  the  entrance  of  the  village : 

« 1570. 
God  qiveth  all." 

S.  R.  Pattison. 
1.  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields. 

Toledo  Blades.  —  I  send  the  marks  and  inscrip- 
tions upon  the  few  examples  I  possess  of  these 
blades.  On  a  flamboyant  dagger  of  the  seven- 
teenth century  : 

+  +  +  +  EN   TOLEDO  •     +  + 

On  faulchion  of  the  sixteenth  century  : 

•    \     •    IVAN    •     ;     •    MARTINES    •     |     •    EN   •    TOLEDO    |     • 
•  [   IN  TE   DOMINE    [  •    ESPERAVI   [  •- 

On  flamboyant  rapier : 

X  EN  TOLEDO   X 

and  the  figure  of  a  heart. 
On  rapier  :  on  one  side 

EE   »N»T»0»L»E#D»0»«» 

on  the  other 

T*V*N»0«D»E    •*•    »    • 

* 

I  have  used  Roman  capitals,  as  it  is  not  to  be 


2nds.N''28.,^uLYi^.»56.]  NOTES  ANt)  QUERIES. 


67 


expected  that  "N.  &  Q."  could  reproduce  the 
semi-gothic  forms  of  the  original  characters. 

W.  J.  Bebnhar©  Smith. 
Temple. 


KAWSONS    OF    FBTSTON,    YOKKSHIRB,  LONDON    AND 

ESSEX;     ALURED     OB     AVEREY     AS  A    CHRISTIAN 

NAME  ;     SIR    JOHN    BAWSON    PRIOR  OF    KILMAIN- 

UAM  AND    AFTERWARDS   VISCOUNT  CLONTABFF. 

(2"'»  S.  i.  452.) 

Since  writing  these  Notes  and  Queries  I  have 
found  or  been  furnished  with  answers  to  some  of 
the  latter,  but  first  I  must  correct  an  error  in  my 
Notes.  The  family  name  of  Isabella,  wife  of 
Richard  Rawson,  the  sheriff  of  London  in  1476, 
was  not  Trafford,  but  Craford. 

One  of  her  sons,  John,  mentioned  in  her  will 
as  a  knight  of  Rhodes,  bore  two  coats  quarterly  : 
the  first  Is,  parted  per  fess  undee,  sa,  and  az.  a 
castle  with  4  towers  arg.  (Rawson)  ;  the  second 
is,  Or,  on  a  chevron,  vert,  3  ravens  heads  erased, 
arg.  (Craford),  ensigned  all  over  with  a  chief 
gules,  and  thereon  a  cross  of  the  third.  (Gwillim's 
Display  of  Heraldry^  p.  435.) 

This  Sir  John  Rawson  was  elected  Prior  of 
Kilmainham  in  1511,  and  by  order  of  King  Henry 
VIII.  was  sworn  of  the  Privy  Council  of  Ireland. 
In  1517  he  was  Lord  Treasurer  of  that  kingdom. 
In  1526,  on  the  request  of  King  Henry  VIII.  to 
the  Grand  Master,  he  was  appointed  Turcopolier 
of  the  Order  of  Knights  of  St.  John,  which  office 
he  exchanged  with  Sir  John  Babington  for  the  dig- 
nity of  Prior  of  Ireland,  and  in  33rd  Henry  VIII. 
he  surrendered  the  Priory  of  Kilmainham  to  the 
king,  obtaining  a  pension  of  300  marks  out  of  the 
estates  of  the  hospital,  and  as  he  had  sate  in  the 
Irish  House  of  Lords  as  Prior  of  Kilmainham,  he 
exchanged  his  spiritual  dignity  for  a  temporal 
peerage,  being  created  Viscount  Clontarff.  (Query 
if  for  life  only.) 

This  title  became  extinct  in  1560;  I  presume 
upon  his  death  :  but  he  is  said  to  have  left  a 
daughter,  Catherine,  married  to  Rowland  Whyte, 
second  Baron  of  the  Exchequer.  (Notices  of 
Babingtons,  Knts.  of  St.  John,  GentlemarCs  Mag. 
for  June,  1856,  p.  564.  Archdall's  Monasticon 
Hihernicum,  title  Kilmainham.) 

The  names  of  Alured  and  Averey  are  identical. 
See  "  Charters  of  Marrigg  Abbey"  {Collectanea 
Topographica  et  Genealogica,  vol.  v.  p.  246.  et 
seq.)  as  to  Alvered  or  Averye  Uvedale. 

Mr.  Hunter  in  his  History  of  the  Deanery  of 
Doncaster,  gives  a  pedigree  of  the  Rawsons  of 
Bessacar  Grange,  from  the  Visitations  of  1563, 
1585,  and  1612,  wherein  Henry  Rawson  of  Bes- 
sacar Grange,  Averey  Rawson,  and  Christopher 
Rawson,  appear  to  have  been  sons  of  James  Raw- 


son  of  Fryston  ;  and  he  says  that  Henry  Rawson, 
in  his  will,  dated  May  12,  1500,  mentions  his 
brothers,  Averey  and  Christopher  Rawson,  mer- 
chants in  London  ;  but  Averey  and  Christopher 
Rawson  were  undoubtedly  sons  of  Richard  Raw- 
son,  the  sheriff,  as  appears  from  the  wills  of  their 
father  and  mother,  and  that  of  Christopher  ;  and, 
therefore,  unless  there  were  two  Avereys  and  two 
Christophers  merchants  in  London  at  the  same 
time,  there  must  be  an  error  in  the  pedigree ; 
and  it  is  probable  that  Henry  Rawson  of  Bessacar, 
and  his  brothers,  Averey  and  Christopher,  sons  of 
Richard  Rawson,  were  not  sons,  but  nephews  or 
grandsons  of  James  Rawson,  of  Fryston. 
I  am  still  desirous  of  knowing  — 

1.  In  what  part  of  Essex  the  Crafords  (not 
TrafTords)  were  seated. 

2.  The  place  of  interment  of  Dr.  Richard  Raw- 
son,  Archdeacon  of  Essex,  and  Dean  of  Windsor, 
ob.  1543,  if  any  monument  remains  of  him,  and  a 
reference  to  his  will. 

3.  The  like  as  to  Sir  John  Rawson,  Prior  of 
Kilmainham,  and  afterwards  Viscount  Clontarff, 
ob.  (as  I  presume)  1560. 

4.  Any  further  particulars  of  him  or  his  de- 
scendants, through  his  daughter,  Catherine,  wife 
of  Rowland  Whyte. 

5.  Was  that  Rowland  Whyte  the  Sir  Rowland 
Whytt,  mentioned  in  Mr.  Winthrop's  List  of 
Knights  of  St.  John  (A"  1528),  in  "  N.  &  Q." 
(P'  S.  viii.  192.)  ;  and  Sir  Rowland  Whyte,  men- 
tioned in  Gentleman's  Magazine,  June,  1856, 
p.  569.,  as  having  been  appointed,  with  Sir  James 
Babington  to  the  commandery  of  Swinfield,  Kent. 
The  arms  of  Sir  John  Rawson  as  given  by  Gwil- 
lim,  i.e.  Rawson  and  Craford  quarterly,  ensigned 
over  with  the  Cross  of  the  Order  of  St.  John, 
were  in  one  of  the  windows  of  Swingfield  church. 
(Hasted's  Kent,  vol.  viii.  (8vo.)  p.  12.^.)  Was  he 
buried  there  ? 

6.  The  connexion  between  the  present  fami- 
lies of  Rawsons  in  Yorkshire  and  Lancashire,  and 
those  of  Fryston,  Bessacar,  London,  and  Essex 
before  mentioned,  through  the  Rawsons  of  Shipley 
or  otherwise.  G.  R.  C. 


smith's    "  HISTORY    OF   KERRY. 

I  have  two  copies  of  this  work,  nosTiace  and 
book  :  one  being  so  beautifully  clean,  a^ersonal  ap- 
good  condition,  that  I  was  tempted  +-'»"  of  noble, 
*'.  ,         n  I  J,  r  '      /I        nis  day  could 

either  for  myself  or  some  friend.    ^^^[^^^  ^j^^^  ^^ 

"  copies,"  but  they  are  not  strictly  S'l^jg  time,  so  fm 
of  my  old,  but  fine  copy,  being  : 

"  The  Antient  and  Present  State  oeech  by  Sheriff 
Kerrv.    Being  a  Natural,  Civil,  Ecclesia  monument  to 
and  iTopographical  Description  thereof,  gported  in  The 
Remarks  made  on  the  Baronies,  Pari    ^ 
lages,  Seats,  Mountains,  Rivers,  Harb< 
Medicinal  Waters,    Fossils,  Animals,  ondents  will  be 


29 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  [2««>s.no28.,July12.'56. 


with  useful  Notes  and  Observations,  on  the  further  Im- 
provement of  this  part  of  Ireland.  Embellished  with  a 
large  Map  of  the  County  from  an  actual  Survey ;  a  Per- 
spective View  of  the  Lake  of  Killarney,  and  other  Plates. 
Undertaken  with  the  Approbation  oip  the  Physico-His- 
torical  Society.  By  Charles  Smith,  Author  of  the  Natural 
and  Civil  Histories  of  the  Counties  of  Cork  and  Water- 
ford."  Then  a  Latin  motto  from  Pliny,  which  it  is  not 
here  necessary  to  give,  followed  by — "  Dublin:  printed 
for  the  Author,  and  sold  by  Messrs.  Ewing,  Faulkner, 
Wilson,  and  Exshaw,  mdcclvi." 

The  title  of  my  later  purchase  is  — 

"  The  Ancient  and  Present  State  of  the  County  of 
Kerry.  Containing  a  Natural,  Civil,  Ecclesiastical,  His- 
torical and  Topographical  Description  thereof.  By  Charles 
Smith,  M.D.,  Author  of  the  Natural  and  Civil  Histories 
of  the  Counties  of  Cork  and  Waterford  "  Then  the  same 
quotation  from  Pliny  as  on  the  other  title-page,  after 
which  a  vignette  of  the  Irish  harp,  between  two  branches, 
followed  by  —  "  Dublin:  printed  for  the  Author." 

Facing  this  latter  title  is  a  portrait  of  "  C.  Smith, 
M.D.,"  the  author.  The  books  are  in  all  other 
respects  the  same,  except  that  the  "  contents' " 
leaf  is  placed  before  the  "dedication"  in  the  copy 
lately  obtained  ;  but  the  paging  settles  this. 

I  have  seen  several  copies  of  Smith's  Kerry, 
and  I  do  not  remember  that  any  of  them  had  the 
portrait  except  two  —  my  own  and  one  other. 
Can  any  one  explain  for  me,  why  the  title-pages 
of  my  two  copies  are  different  ?  and  why  one  has 
the  portrait,  which  the  other  has  not  ?  Has  the 
second  title,  above  given  (without  date,  as  will 
have  .been  observed),  been  substituted  for  the 
original '  one,  and  the  portrait  added  by  some 
bookseller  after  the  first  publication  of  the  work  ? 

E.  H. 


BIKCHS   "LIVES. 

Wishing  to  ascertain  the  relative  value  and 
estimation  of  a  particular  edition  of  Birch's 
Lives  of  Illustrious  Men,  with  portraits  by  Hou- 
braken  and  Vertue,  I  have  consulted  such  biblio- 
graphical works  on  the  subject  as  were  within  my 
reach,  and  am  surprised  to  find  them  generally  so 
unsatisfactory. 

Lowndes  mentions  the  edit.  Lond.  1743,  52  pi., 

two  vols.,  saying  that  two  hundred  copies  were 

struck  off  on  large  paper,  viz.  one  hundred  before, 

and  one  hundred  after  the  small  paper  copies. 

oj  /(/^Jso,  that  an  edition,  with  retouched  impressions 

"  I  have  a  St'®®'  appeared  in  1813,  on  small  and  large 

subject  just  as  i 

rebus  optare,  so  an  his  Library  Companion,  says  that  in 
known  by  the  w^rth  in  one  magnificent  folio  volume 
speaking  truly.  Tgads  of  Illustrious  Persons,  but  does 
faulty,  because  imp  ^,        -^        ,        ,  ■      ^^im      x 

■'  the  second  volume  m  1752.     rn   a 

This  is  the  paste  he  describes  the  edition  of  1756  ; 
his  posthumous  v^q  there  being  three  sorts  of  paper, 

_.   _  ;;    iTTd  imperial,  as  noticed  by  Brilnet. 

ofLtro7t;;ssa?-f- ^-^•.  article  -  Birch,-  says 
J  or  this  work,  which  came  out  m 


numbers,  was  completed  in  1747,  and  the  second 
in  1752. 

Brunet  gives  the  edition  1743-52,  two  tom.  in 
one.  He  calls  the  edition  of  1756  the  second 
edition,  in  which  the  plates  are  generally  chiffres^ 
which  those  of  the  first  edition  are  not. 

De  Bure  gives  only  the  edition  of  London, 
1756. 

Now  this  appears  a  loose  and  imperfect  account 
of  this  celebrated  publication,  since  none  of  these 
bibliographers,  except  Dr.  Kippis,  appear  to  men- 
tion the  edition  which  I  have  before  me,  viz. 
Lond.  1747,  two  vols,  in  one,  and  which  may 
properly  be  considered  as  the  second  edition  —  as 
far  as  relates  to  the  letter-press  —  for  tliat,  no 
doubt,  as  Dibdin  mentions,  was  several  times  re- 
printed, but  the  plates  in  my  copy  are,  I  conceive, 
of  the  first  impression. 

I  should  be  glad  to  receive  a  more  precise  and 
full  account  of  the  several  editions  of  this  work, 
and  to  learn  whether  there  is  any  material  differ- 
ence between  them  in  the  estimation  of  book  col- 
lectors. R.  G. 


Admission  of  Foreigners  to  Corporation  Honours. 
— A  Citizen  of  Edinburgh  desires  information  on 
the  point  as  to  whether  a  foreigner  not  natu- 
ralised by  Act  of  Parliament,  or  otherwise,  can 
receive  the  freedom  of  a  city  or  other  munici- 
pality in  this  country.  The  question  is  suggested 
by  the  fact  of  the  freedom  of  the  city  of  Edin- 
burgh having  been  conferred  on  Dr.  D'Aubigne, 
the  historian  of  the  Reformation,  during  a  visit 
made  to  Scotland  recently  by  that  distinguished 
and  estimable  man. 

Crests  and  Mottoes.  —  The  subjoined  extract, 
from  the  National  Index  to  the  Harl.  Mis.  (vol.  ii. 
p.  43.),  suggests  a  question  not  undeserving  the 
attention  of  your  correspondents  versed  in  he- 
raldry : 

"  Num.  1422.,  art.  16.  Arms  (mostlj'  without  erests) 
given  in  the  time  of  Henry  5 ;  and  since,  in  the  reigns  of 
Henry  6«^  Edward  4*^,  Richard  S^d,  Henry  7,  and  Henry 
^^\  &c.  &c." 

Without  assuming  or  denying  the  fact,  that 
occasionally  arms  were  granted  during  the  period 
of  those  reigns  without  crests,  it  is  but  a  reason- 
able question  to  ask  why  many  coats  do  not  pos- 
sess the  usual,  and  frequently  the  most  significant 
additions  of  a  crest  ? 

The  same  Query  may  be  extended  to  the  motto, 
or  rather  the  omission  of  a  cherished  sentence  or 
abbreviated  allusion  to  some  event  sought  to  be 
recorded,  and  interesting  to  the  bearer's  family. 

The  omission,  in  both  instances,  is  not  to  be 
doubted ;  but,  whether  station  in  society,  merit, 
services,  oi*  pecuniary  considerations  had  any  in- 


2»d  S.  No  28.,  July  12.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


fluence  on  the  matter,  is  the  question  to  which  an 
explanatory  reply  is  requested. 

Henry  Daveney. 

Christian  Names.  —  What  is  the  meaning  of  the 
practice  which  prevails  in  the  United  States,  of 
inserting  between  a  man's  Christian  name  and 
surname  a  letter  of  the  alphabet  ?  Is  this  part  of 
his  baptismal  name,  and  the  initial  of  a  second 
Christian  name,  or  the  name  itself?  It  seems 
that  in  our  own  country  a  letter  may  be,  and 
sometimes  is,  a  good  name  of  baptism.  In  the 
case  of  The  Queen  v.  Dale^  17  Queen's  Bench 
Reports,  p.  66.,  Lord  Campbell,  C.  J.,  said,  with 
reference  to  an  objection  that  the  name  of  a 
person  mentioned  in  a  declaration  was  not  stated 
in  full : 

"I  do  not  see  that  there  is  anj'  reason  for  supposing 
that  the  magistrate's  actual  name  is  not  '  J.  H.  Harper.' 
There  is  no  doubt  that  a  vowel  may  be  a  good  Christian 
name ;  why  not  a  consonant  ?  I  have  been  informed  by 
a  gentleman  of  the  bar,  sitting  here,  on  whose  accuracy 
we  can  rely,  that  he  knows  a  lady  who  was  baptized  by 
the  name  of '  D.'  Why  may  not  a  gentleman  as  well  be^ 
baptized  by  a  consonant  ?  " 

Medal  of  Charles  I.  and  Henrietta  Maria.  —  I 
have  in  my  possession  an  oval  silver  medal,  with 
the  head  of  Charles  I.  on  one  side,  and  on  the 
other  that  of  Henrietta  his  queen.  This  medal  is 
said  to  have  been  made  from  the  plate  melted  up 
by  the  nobility  and  gentry  for  the  king's  service, 
and  to  have  been  worn  as  a  badge  of  loyalty.  It 
has  a  small  ring  at  each  end,  as  if  to  sew  it  on  to 
the  hat  or  coat.  Can  any  of  the  readers  of  "  N. 
&  Q-"  give  me  any  information  respectiVig  it  ? 

G.  H.  C.  (A  Subscriber.) 

Passports.  —  In  the  case  of  the  present  dis- 
turbed state  of  feeling  betwixt  this  country  and 
the  United  States,  the  word  passports  occurs.  It 
may  be  worth  while  to  inquire  what  this  means, 
and  whether  it  is  not  a  mere  meaningless  term, 
borrowed  from  another  and  different  domestic 
policy  than  obtains  in  the  one  case  and  the  other. 
In  Russia  or  France,  for  example,  a  passport  is 
necessary  in  order  that  one  may  be  entitled  to 
enter  the  country,  and  I  assume  the  same  autho- 
risation is  necessary  in  leaving.  But  in  the  United 
Kingdom  and  in  the  States,  locomotion  is  free  to 
everybody  whatever,  not  detained  in  a  regular 
way  as  a  criminal  or  debtor.  What  is  free  to  a 
private  party  is  certainly  no  less  the  right  of  an 
ambassador.  Still,  as  the  word  passports  is  used, 
I  would  be  glad  if  some  of  your  correspondents 
would  explain  what  it  means  in  the  specific  case 
indicated.  Scotus. 

Greek  and  Queen  Elizabeth.  —  Hallam  (citing 
Peck's  Desiderata  Curiosa,  p.  270.)  notes  it  as  a 
mark  of  the  revival  of  the  English  Uiiiversities, 
that  at  Cambridge  an  address  was  delivered  to 


Elizabeth  in  Greek  verse,  to  which  she  returned 
an  answer  in  the  same  language.  This  was  ia 
1564.  Is  this  account  a  mistaken  tradition  of  the 
following,  or  are  we  to  say  that  tivo  Greek  ad- 
dresses are  on  record  ? 

To  a  small  edition  (London,  1669,  12mo.)  of 
the  Parcenesis  of  Isocrates  is  appended  (without 
date)  a  speech  in  Greek  made  to  Queen  Elizabeth 
at  Trinity  College  by  Doddington,  the  Greek 
Professor.  It  is  added  that  there  might  not  be 
too  many  fly-leaves;  as  appears  by  the  heading, 
"  Ne  post  terminum  immodica  esset  vacatio,  en  tibi." 
The  speech  follows,  in  Greek  and  Latin ;  after 
which  comes  a  Latin  address,  informing  the  Queen 
that  her  humble  servants  are  ready  to  repeat  in 
Latin  what  had  just  been  said  in  Greek.  To  this 
she  answfered :  "Ego  iiitelligo,  non  est  opus,  'Ara- 
•ywdxTKO}  vfj-wy  r)]v  euvoiav:  "  unless  indeed  the  Latin 
be  the  editor's  translation  of  the  Queen's  Greek, 
in  which  case  she  must  be  supposed  to  have  spoken- 
very  satirically  of  their  kind  oflFer  to  translate. 

M. 

Norfolk  Clergymen  suspended. — It  is  commonly 
believed  in  various  parts  of  Norfolk  that  some 
years  ago,  in  that  county,  a  clergyman  was  sus- 
pended from  exercising  the  functions  of  his  office 
for  having  in  the  pulpit  offered  to  bet  upon  a 
certain  black  dog  which  had  unluckily  and  pro- 
fanely selected  the  holy  edifice  for  a  ring  in  which 
to  fiuht  a  pitched  battle  with  another  of  the  canine 
species  of  some  other  colour.  The  tale  is  exceed- 
ingly improbable,  and  is  rendered  more  so  by 
the  fact,  that  to  my  knowledge  at  least  a  dozen 
clergymen  in  different  parishes  have  received  the 
benefit  of  having  this  profane  act  attributed  ta 
them  ;  but  as  I  have  not  unfrequently  come  in 
contact  with  persons  who  declare  that  the  circum- 
stance came  under  their  own  personal  observation, 
I  should  be  glad  if  some  of  your  Norfolk  corre- 
spondents would  inform  me  whether  there  is  any 
small  moiety  of  truth  in  the  report,  or  whether  it 
is  an  entire  fabrication  belonging  to  the  domaia 
of  myths,  being,  to  use  a  Norfolk  expression, 
"  made  out  of  whole  stuff." 

G.  Sexton,  M.D.,  F.R.G.S. 

Kennington  Cross. 

Remote  Traditions  through  few  Links.  — 

"  In  the  fifteenth  century  King  James  I.  (of  Scotland) 
met  with  an  old  lady  who  remembered  Wallace  and. 
Bruce,  and  he  inquired  eagerly  about  their  personal  ap- 
pearance. She  told  him  that  Bruce  was  a  man  of  noble, 
admirable  appearance,  and  that  no  man  of  his  day  could 
compete  with  him  in  strength.  But  she  added,  that  so 
far  as  Bruce  excelled  all  the  other  men  of  his  time,  so  iax 
did  Wallace  excel  Bruce  in  strength." 

The  preceding  extract  is  from  a  speech  by  Sheriflf 
Bell  at  a  meeting  at  Stirlinfj  for  a  monument  to 
the  memory  of  Sir  W.  Wallace,  reported  in  The 
Times,  June  30,  1856. 
Probably  some  of  your  correspondents  will  be 


30 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


|;2na  s.  No  28.,  July  12. '56. 


nble  to  give  Sheriff  Bell's  authority  for  the  state- 
ment, as  woU  as  the  "  old  lady's  "  name,  age,  and 
history.  I  do  not  remember  her  being  quoted  in 
your  interesting  collection  of  remote  traditions 
through  few  intermediate  links.  E.  C. 

Davis  the  Almanac  Maker.  —  In  my  wander- 
ings among  the  churches  and  churchyards  of  our 
merry  England,  in  the  autumn  of  last  year,  I  paid 
a  short  visit  to  the  parish  of  Priors  Marston,  in 
the  county  of  Warwick,  where  the  village  school- 
master was  my  cicerone ;  and,  finding  I  was  in 
search  of  the  curious,  he  called  my  attention  to 
an  inscription  on  a  flat  stone  between  the  high 
pews  in  a  side  aisle,  which,  from  the  darkness  of 
the  place,  would  have  escaped  my  observation  ; 
but  here  it  is  : 

"  In  Memory  of 

Mr.  Richard  Davis, 

An   Eminent   Scholar*, 

Could  make  Almanacks, 

Who   died   10"»   Ocf,    1793, 

'     Aged  85  years. 

The  stone-mason  appears  to  have  committed  a 
most  grievous  error  in  cutting  the  inscription,  by 
the  omission  of  that  which  was  evidently  the  most 
important  portion  of  it ;  for  the  line  "  *  Could 
make  Almanacks"  is  cut  at  the  foot  of  the  stone, 
with  an  asterisk  at  the  end  of  "  Scholar"  pointing 
thereto,  which  omission,  if  not  duly  corrected, 
would  probably  have  consigned  the  reputation  of 
the  deceased  in  this  curious  art  to  oblivion.  As 
it  is  not  so  long  since  this  venerable  gentleman 
was  gathered  to  his  fathers,  it  may  be  hoped  that 
some  of  your  correspondents  may  be  able  to  give 
us  an  a(>count  of  his  life,  and  whether  he  really 
was  the  maker  of  any  of  the  Almanacs  of  the 
period  in  which  he  lived.  J.  B.  Whitborne. 

"  Chimcera"  —  Can  any  of  your  readers  name 
the  author  of  a  short  poem,  in  four  stanzas,  called 
"  The  Chimasra,"  the  first  stanza  of  which  I  sub- 
join ?     It  was  copied,  several  years  ago,  from  a 
novel,  the  title  of  which  was  not  preserved  : 
"  I  dreamed  one  morn  a  waking  dream, 
Brighter  than  slumbers  are, 
Of  wandering  where  the  planets  gleam, 

Like  an  unsphered  star. 
Round  a  Chimaira's  yielding  neck 
With  grasping  hands  I  clung; 
No  need  of  spur,  no  fear  of  check, 
Those  fields  of  air  among." 

Stylites. 
"  Rebukes  for  Sin"  — 

"  Rebukes  for  Sin  bj'  God's  Burning  Anger :  by  the 
Burning  of  London  :  by  the  Burning  of  the  World  :  by 
the  Burning  of  the  Wicked  in  Hell -Fire.  To  which  is 
added,  A  Short  Discourse  of  Heart-Fixedness,  as  a  Means 
against  Perplexing  Fears  in  Times  of  Danger :  occasioned 
by  tlie  General  Distractions  of  the  Present  Times.  By 
T.  D.  London :  printed,  and  are  to  be  sold  by  Dorman 
Newman,  at  the  Chyrurgeons'  Arms  in  Little  Britain, 
near  the  Hospital,  1667." 

Who  was  T.  D.  ?  Anon. 


John  Hollyhush.  —  I  shall  be  much  obliged  by 
any  one  informing  me,  through  your  pages,  who 
was  Jhon  Hollybush.  I  have  a  folio,  bound  up 
with  my  Turner's  Herhal  and  Battles  in  England, 
bearing  this  title : 

"  A  most  Excellent  and  Perfecte  Homish  Apothecarye, 
or  homely  Physicke  Booke,  for  all  the  Grefes  and  Diseases 
of  the  Bodye.  Translated  out  of  the  Almaine  Speche  in 
English,  by  Jhon  Hollybush.  Imprinted  at  Collen,  by 
Arnold  Birckman,  in  the  yeare  of  our  Lord  1561." 

Miles  Coverdale  translated  the  New  Testament 
out  of  the  Latin,  and  it  was  published  in  1538 
(2nd  edit.),  and  its  title-page  states  it  Is  "  fayth- 
fuUye  translated  by  Johan  Hollybushe."  Had 
Coverdale  anything  to  do  with  translating  the 
Homish  Apothecarye  ?  G.  W.  J. 

[John  Hollybushe  was  an  assistant  of  James  Nichol- 
son, printer  in  Southwark,  who  seems  afterwards  to  have 
settled  at  Cologne.  It  is  quite  certain  that  Coverdale  had 
nothing  t»  do  with  the  publication  of  the  Homish  Apnthe^ 
tarye.     The  history  of  the  edition  of  the  New  Testament 

%earing  the  name  of  Hollybushe  is  somewhat  curious.  In 
the  enrly  part  of  1538  Nicholson  proposed  to  print  Cover- 
dale's  translation  and  the  Vulgate  in  parallel  columns; 
and  previously  to  the  bishop  setting  off  for  Paris,  he  had 
written  a  dedication  to  Henry  VIIL,  trusting  to  Nichol- 
son's care  for  the  correcting  of  the  press.  When  the  book 
came  out  it  was  so  incorrectly  executed  that  the  bishop 
immediately  disowned  it,  and  brought  out  at  Paris,  in 
December,  1538,  a  more  correct  edition.  In  his  dedi- 
cation to  Lord  Cromwell  he  saj-s,  "Truth  it  is  that  this 
last  Lent  I  did,  with  all  humbleness,  direct  an  epistle 
unto  the  King's  most  noble  Grace,  tnisting  that  the  book, 
whereunto  it  was  prefixed,  should  afterwards  have  been 
as  well  correct  as  other  books  be.  And  because  I  could 
not  be  present  myself,  by  the  reason  of  sundry  notable 
impediments,  therefore  inasmuch  as  the  New  Testament, 
which  I  had  set  forth  in  English  before,  doth  so  agree 
with  the  Latin,  I  was .heartilj' well  content  that  the  Latin 
and  it  should  be  together :  Provided  alway  that  the  cor- 
rector should  follow  the  true  copy  of  the  Latin  in  any 

•  wise,  and  to  keep  the  true  and  right  English  of  the  same. 
And  so  doing,  I  was  content  to  set  mj'  name  to  it :  and 
even  so  I  did ;  trusting  that  though  I  were  absent  and  out 
of  the  land,  yet  all  should  be  well.  And,  as  God  is  my 
record,  I  knew  none  other,  till  this  last  July,  that  it  was 
my  chance  here  in  these  parts,  at  a  stranger's  hand,  to 
come  by  a  copj'  of  the  said  print :  which,  when  I  had 
perused,  I  found  that  as  it  v.'as  disagreeable  to  my  former 
translation  in  English,  so  was  not  the  true  copy  of  the 
Latin  observed,  neither  the  English  so  correspondent  to 
the  same  as  it  ought  to  be :  but  in  many  places  both  base, 
insensible,  and  clean  contrar}',  not  only  to  the  phrase  of 
our  language,  but  also  from  the  understanding  of  the  text 
in  Latin."  {Gov.  State  Papers,  vol.  i.  p.  591.)  Nichol- 
son the  printer,  wishing  in  some  wa3'to  cover  the  loss  he 
had  incurred,  printed  another  edition,  which  was  stated 
in  the  title  to  be  "Faythfullye  translated  by  Jhon  Holly- 
bushe," to  distinguish  it  from  the  previous  edition.  See 
the  Rev.  Henry  Walter's  First  Letter  to  the  Bishop  of 
Peterborough,  p.  31. ;  and  Anderson's  Annals  of  the  En- 
glish Bible',  vol.  ii.  p.  36.] 

Miirdiston  v.  Millar.  —  In  an  article  on  dogs  in 
Chambers's  Misccllanif,  vol.  i.,  and  also  in  Sir 
AValter  Scott's  notes  to  St.  Ronans  Well,  men- 


2»«  S.  No  28.,  July  12.  'oCT 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


31 


tion  is  made  of  a  Scotch  cause  or  trial,  under  the 
name  of  "Murdiston  v.  Millar,  in  which  a  witness 
gives  some  interesting  evidence  respecting  the  in- 
stincts of  animals,  particularly  of  sheep.  Is  this 
trial  published  ?  and  where  can  it  be  obtained  ? 

Stylites. 
[A  lengthened  notice  of  the  celebrated  case  of  Murdis- 
ton and  Millar  is  given  in  Blackwood's  Magazine,  vol.  ii. 
p.  83.,  but  without  any  intimation  where  tihe  trial  itself 
is  to  be  found.] 

Grace  Cups.  —  What  is  the  origin  of  "Grace 

•  Cups  ?"  and  where  is  any  account  to  be  found  of 

the  one  formerly  possessed  by  Thomas  a  Becket  ? 

H.  L.  K. 
[The  pnculum  charitatis,  wassail  bowl,  and  grace-cup, 
for  promoting  brotherly  love,  may  be  traced  to  the  classi- 
cal cup  of  the  Greeks  and  Romans,  called  aya^ov  SaCfiovoi, 
or  boni  genii,  each  of  whom  at  their  feasts  invoked  this 
supposed  deity  at  the  time  of  drinking.  The  custom  of 
wassailing,  or  drinking  healths,  however,  seems  to  have 
been  of  German  origin,  and  introduced  into  this  country  by 
our  Saxon  ancestors  (Verstegan's  Restitution  oJtDecayed 
Intelligence).  William  of  Malmesbury,  describing  the  cus- 
toms of  Glastonbury  soon  after  the  Conquest,  says,  that 
on  particular  days  the  monks  had  "  Medonem  in  justis  et 
vinum  in  charitatem,"  Mead  in  their  cans,  and  wine  in 
the  grace-cup.  The  ivory  cup,  set  in  gold,  popularly 
called  "The  Grace-cup  of  St.  Thomas  h  Becket,"  was  for- 
merly in  the  Arundelian  Collection,  and  is  now  possessed 
by  Henry  Howard,  Esq..  of  Corby  Castle,  to  whom  it  was 
presented  by  Bernard  Edward,  Duke  of  Norfolk.  The  in- 
scription round  the  cup  is  "  a'inum  tuum  bibe  cum 
GAUDio,"  Drink  thy  wine  with  joy;  but  ronnd  the  lid, 
deeply  engraved,  is  the  restraining  injunction,  "  sobrii 
ESTOTE,"  with  the  initials  "  T.  B."  interlaced  with  a  mitre. 
Kound  the  neck  of  the  top  is  the  name  "  God  *  Ferare." 
It  is  engraved  in  the  Antiquarian  Repertory,  vol.  iii. 
p.  170.,  and  in  Antiquarian  Gleanings,  by  W.  B.  Scott,  of 
Newcastle.  Mr.  -John  Gough  Nichols  {Pilgrimages  to 
Saint  Mary  of  Wahingham,  p.  229.)  saj'S,  that  "this  cup 
Avas  attributed  to  Becket  from  its  bearing  the  initials 
T.  B.  under  a  mitre;  but  modern  skill  in  archffiological 
chronolog}' has  reduced  it  to  a  very  different  ajra,  for  it 
is  reallv  of  the  early  part  of  the  sixteenth  century."  See 
also"N.  &Q."  l»t  S.  i.  142.] 

'''■How  Commentators" Sfc. — Whence  is  the  qtio- 
tation : 

"How  commentators  each  dark  passage  shun. 
And  hold  their  farthing  candles  to  the  sun." 

D. 

[See  Dr.  Edward  Young's  Poems,  Satire  vii.  line  97.] 

Quotation  wanted :  "  Knoivledge  and  Wisdom." — 
I  should  be  greatly  obliged  to  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents who  would  inform  me  where   the  fol- 
lowing passage  is  to  be  found  ? 
"  Knowledge  and  Wisdom,  far  from  being  one. 

Have  oft  times  no  connection  : 

The  curious  hand  of  Knowledge  doth  but  pick 

Bare  simples.    Wisdom  pounds  them  for  the  sick. 

In  my  affliction,  Knowledge  apprehends  * 

Who  is  the  author,  what  the  cause  and  ends ; 

To  rest  contented  here  is  but  to  bring 

Clouds  without  rain,  and  summer  without  spring,"  &c. 

J.  E.  W. 

[The  first  two  lines  are  from  Cowper's  Task,  book  vi. 


lines  88,  89. 
lows.] 


Francis  Quarles  is  a  claimant  for  what  fol- 


MARRIOT    THE    GREAT   E.\TEB. 
(2"-^  S.  ii.  6.) 

The  readers  of  John  Dunton's  Life  who  have 
made  a  note  of  Mr.  Cunningham's  communication 
will,  no  doubt,  think  it  worth  while  to  add  the 
following  particulars. 

I  have  before  me  a  copy  of  a  little  tract  en- 
titled : 

The  Grays  Inn  Greedy-Gut,  or  the  surprising 
Adventures  of  Mr.  Marriott,  the  famous  glutton, 
loith  his  receipts  for  many  choice  dishes.  Glasgow: 
Printed  by  William  Duncan,  and  sold  at  his  shop 
at  Gibson's  Land,  Mercat  Cross,  1750. 

This  is  little  better  than  a  chap-book,  and  its 
contents  are  derived  entirely  from  a  4to.  tract  of 
forty  or  fifty  closely-printed  pages,  a  copy  of  which 
is  in  the  (old)  Collection  of  King's  Pamphlets  in 
the  British  Museum.  Marriot  having  again  be- 
come a  character  of  interest,  I  give  the  title  at  full 
length  : 

The  Great  Eater  of  Grayes  Inne,  or  the  life 
of  Mr.  Marriot  the  cormorant.  Wherein  is  set 
forth,  all  the  Exploits  and  Actions  by  him  per- 
formed ;  with  many  pleasaiit  Stories  of  his  Travells 
into  Kent  and  other  places.  Also,  a  rare  physicall 
dispensatory,  being  the  manner  how  he  makes  his 
Cordiall  Broaths,  Pills,  Purgations,  Julips,  and 
Vomits,  to  keep  his  Body  in  temper,  and  free  from 
Surfeits.  By  G.  F.  Gent.  London :  W.  Rey- 
boulde,  1652. 

This  consists  of  a  number  of  chapters  devoted 
to  stories  of  his  surprising  feats  of  eating.  It 
is  evidently  written  by  some  enemy  of  the  Gray's 
Inn  Lawyer,  for  most  of  the  anecdotes  related 
are  not  by  any  means  flattering.  In  addition  to 
the  sin  of  gormandising,  we  learn  that  Marriot 
was  apt  to  entertain  himself  rather  at  the  ex- 
pense of  an  unhappy  friend  or  client  than  at 
his  own  ;  and  if  G.  F.  were  not  a  slanderer,  his 
hero  even  at  times  carried  his  meanness  to  the 
pitch  of  secreting  some  portions  of  the  feast  in  his 
sleeve,  or  in  a  bag  which  he  carried  with  him. 
In  the  "  character  "  addressed  to  the  reader  the 
author  says  : 

"  He  loves  Cook  and  Kitchin  not  so  much  for  their  law 
as  for  their  names'  sake,  and  at  Bacon  his  mouth  waters." 

And  we  have  the  following  sketch  of  his  exterior : 

"  He  vv'alks  the  street  like  Pontius  Pilate  in  robes  of 
purple,  but  not  like  Dives  in  fine  linen,  for  he  holds  shirts 
unnecessary,  and  his  cloaths  are  so  ornamented  with 
patches,  that  many  are  buried  alive  in  them." 


32. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  28.,  July  12.  '56. 


The  Gray's  Inn  Glutton  may  be  well  supposed 
to  have  been  annoyed  by  this  publication,  but 
about  the  same  time  appeared,  probably  by  the 
same  hand,  another  4to.  tract,  entitled  : 

The  English.  Mountebank :  or,  a  Physical  Dis- 
pensato7-y,  wherein  is  prescribed,  many  strange  and 
Excellent  Receits  of  Mr.  Marriot,  the  Great  Eater 
of  Grays  Inn,  ^c.  With  sundry  Directions,  1.  How 
to  make  his  Cordial  Broath.  2.  His  pills  to  appease 
hunger.  3.  His  strange  Purgation ;  never  before 
practised  by  any  Doctor  in  England.  4.  The 
maimer  and  reason  why  he  swalloivs  bullets  and 
stones.  5.  How  he  orders  his  Baked  Meat,  or  rare 
Dish  on  Sundays.  6.  How  to  make  his  neio  fashion 
Fish' Broath,  7.  How  to  make  his  Sallet  for  cool- 
ing of  the  Bloud.  8.  How  to  make  his  new  Dish, 
called  a  Erigazee  ;  the  operation  whereof  expels  all 
Sadness  and  Melancholy.  By  J.  Marriot,  of  Grays 
Inn,  Gent.     London:  G.  Horton,  1652. 

Prefixed  to  this  we  have  a  full-length  portrait 
of  Marriot,  holding  in  one  hand  a  large  substance 
of  pumpkin  shape,  which  I  take,  from  the  text, 
to  represent  one  of  his  "pills;"  while  on  his  arm 
hang  three  sheep's  heads,  and  seven  large  hearts 
of  some  animal  —  no  doubt  his  usual  dinner  al- 
lowance. Out  of  his  mouth  issue  the  words, 
"  Behold  the  wonder  of  the  age ! "  From  the 
spirit  of  this  tract  it  is  evident  that  the  author's 
motive  was  not  honestly  the  advancement  of  the 
culinary  art :  for  old  Marriot,  whose  name  he  im- 
pudently affixes  to  it,  figures  in  it  in  a  manner 
still  farther  calculated  to  irritate  him.  Let  us 
take  as  a  specimen  :  — 

**  How  to  make  bis  pills  ta  appease  hunger,  ordinarily  car- 
ried about  him :  — 

"  Take  of  rye  meal  9  pound,  of  Chandler's  graves 
3  pound,  of  the  Skimmings  of  honey  one  pound ;  warm 
water  as  much  as  will  make  it  into  Paste ;  then  roll  them 
up  into  a  dozen  balls ;  then  put  them  into  some  boiling 
broath,  till  they  be  thorough  boiled ;  then  set  them  to 
cool ;  but  beware  that  the  dogs  do  not  deceive  you  of 
them,  as  they  have  done  him  oftentimes.  The  chief  use 
of  these  pills  is  for  travelling ;  for  Mr.  Marriot  carried 
always  a  dozen  to  Westminster  in  the  Term  time  for 
fear  of  fasting.  His  ordinary  place  for  eating  them  was 
in  the  dark  place  neer  the  Common  Pleas  Treasury; 
where  one  might  see  him  swallow  these  pills,  as  easily  as 
an  ordinary  man  would  do  a  gilt  pill  in  the  pap  of  an 
apple." 

How  many  of  these  characteristics  of  old  Mar- 
riot, the  great  eater,  were  really  true,  or  how  far 
they  were  the  invention  of  G.  F.  Gent,  for  the 
gratification  of  private  animosity,  the  world  will 
now  probably  never  know.  These  attacks  were 
not,  however,  allowed  to  pass  unnoticed.  Your  bon 
vivant,  rascal  or  not,  is  rarely  without  some  friends 
who  think  him  a  "good  fellow  ;"  and  it  is  therefore 
not  surprising  that  an  answer  to  G.  F,  appeared 
about  two  months  afterwards  (if  I  can  trust  the 
manuscript  notes  on  the  copies  before  me)  in  a 
tract  bearing  the  following  title  :  — ' 


A  Letter  to  Mr.  Marriot  from  a  friend  of  his  : 
wherein  His  Name  is  redeemed  from  that  Detrac- 
tion G.  F.  Gent,  hath  indeavoured  to  fasten  upon 
him,  by  n  Scandalous  and  Defamatory  Libell,  in- 
tituled "  The  Great  Eater  of  Grayes  Inn,  or.  The 
Life  of  Mr.  Marriot  the  Cormorant,"  Sfc.  London  : 
Printed  for  the  Friends  of  Mr.  Marriot,  1652 
l4to.l 

To  this  we  have  another  full-length  portrait  of 
old  Marriot,  besides  a  picture  of  G.  F.,  Gent.,  on 
his  knees,  and  performing  an  act  of  homage  and 
apology  towards  the  unbreeched  and  injured  law- 
yer, not  to  be  described  in  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
It  is  only  fair  to  the  memory  of  our  hero  to  hear 
what  his  friend  can  say  in  his  favour.  He  ad- 
dresses him  thus : 

"  Had  I  not  known  you  myself,  as  well  as  by  the 
report  of  your  neighbours,  a  common  easiness  of  credulity 
might  have  carried  me  on  to  believe  a  late  publisht  pam- 
phlet, pretended  to  be  the  True  History  of  your  Life,  for 
the  author  assures  the  Reader  he  set  down  nothing,  but 
what  haA  truly  been  acted  by  you ;  whereas  indeed  'tis 
nothing  else  but  a  mere  libell  of  his  scandal  and  defama- 
tion, spun  out  to  a  great  length  without  one  syllable  of 
wit  or  honesty,  whereof  he  sufficiently  accuses  himself  by 
shrouding  his  name  under  the  covert  of  two  letters,  and 
thereby  securing  his  person  from  that  punishment  the 
law  hath  provided  for  him;  the  injury  of  fastening  upon 
your  name  so  vile  a  detraction,  and  presenting  you  a 
derision  to  posterity,  is  of  so  high  a  nature  that  it  exceeds 
any  satisfaction  such  an  abject  vermin  can  give,  neither 
can  I  find  out  a  better  expedient  for  your  reparation  than 
by  letting  the  world  know  what  you  are  indeed :  aad 
this  I  shall  do  as  an  equal  friend  to  you  and  the  truth. 

"  That  you  are  a  gown-man  and  a  most  ancient  member 
of  the  Honourable  Society  of  Grayes  Inne  now  resident, 
the  Book  of  Entrance  can  witness,  having  been  a  Student 
and  Professor  of  the  Law  above  47  years.  For  j-our 
abilities  and  knowledge  of  the  law,  and  for  your  easy  fees, 
3''our  Clients  do  very  much  commend  you.  For  your 
private  way  of  life,  you  have  given  it  a  Geometrical  pro- 
portion, squaring  your  mind  and  fortune  with  equal  lines 
to  a  fit  subserviency  of  Nature's  requisites  in  food  and 
rayment.  For  your  Societj'  you  have  made  choice  of 
honest  men,  not  despising  the  meanest,  whereby  you  have 
stood  firm  in  these  Nationall  Hurricanes,  which  have 
blown  down  the  lofty  and  ambitious,  and  for  your  general 
deportment  it  hath  been  so  fair  and  clear,  that  I  never 
3'et  heard  you  had  wronged  any  man." 

Mr.  Marriot's  friend  goes  on  to  predict  that  the 
slanderous  G.  F.  will  have  his  due  reward,  and 
concludes  thus  : 

"  In  the  interim  let  him  stand  to  the  publike  view  in 
that  becoming  posture  the  frontispiece  presents  him,  as 
destined  by  charity  to  repentance." 

Can  all  this  be  true ;  and  can  it  be  that  the  al- 
lusion of  John  Dunton,  and  the  verses  of  Cotton, 
and  the  republication  a  hundred  years  after  by  the 
Glasgow  bookseller,  are  all  acts  of  injustice  done  to 
the  memory  of  an  upright  and  temperate  lawyer, 
who  was  driven  out  of  the  world  in  twelve  months 
by  the  unrelenting  persecution  of  G.  F.  ?  Such 
a  case  of  "giving  a  bad  name"  would  probably  be 
not  without  parallel  in  the  memory  of  any  thought- 


2nd  s.  No  28.,  July  13.  '66.] 


NOTES  ANI>  QUKRIES. 


33 


ful  investigator  of  the  liistoriaH's  materials.  Had 
Harriot  lived  in  Pope's  days,  I  fear  that  fifty 
"  Letters  from  a  friend  of  his  "  would  not  have 
saved  him  from  infamy ;  and  "  Darty  and  his  ham 
pie,"  an  allusion  in  some  obscure  pamphlet,  might 
only  have  remained  to  puzzle  Mr.  J.  B.  Nichols 
or  his  commentators.  W.  Moy  Thomas. 


In  the  lasrt  edition  of  Granger's  Biographical 
History,  four  portraits  of  Harriot  are  mentioned 
with  a  brief  notice  of  him  taken  from  the  follow- 
ing, which  is  contained  in  Caulfield's  Remarkable 
Persons,  vol.  iii.  p.  225. : 

"  Marriot  was  a  lawyer  of  Gray's  Inn,  wlio  piqued  him- 
self upon  the  hrut.il  qualifications  of  a  voracious  appetite, 
and  a  powerful  digestive  faculty,  and  deserves  to  be 
placed  no  higher  in  the  scale  of  beings  than  a  cormorant 
or  an  ostricli.  H^e  increased  his  natural  capacity  for  food 
by  art  and  application  ;  and  had  as  much  vanity  in  eating 
to  excess,  as  any  monk  had  in  starving  himself^  See  two 
copies  of  verses  upon  him  among  the  works  of  Charles 
Cotton,  Esq.  Great  eaters  are  common  in  all  ages,  but 
the  greatest  eater  on  record  is  described  by  Ta3dor  the 
water-poet,  in  his  works,  under  the  title  of  '  The  Great 
Eater,  or  Part  of  the  admirable  Teeth  and  Stomach  Ex- 
ploits of  Nicholas  Wood,  of  Harrisom,  in  the  County  of 
Kent  ;  his  excessive  manner  of  eating  without  Manners, 
in  strange  and  true  Manner  described,  by  Joha  Tailor."— 
Works,  edit.  1G30,  page  142. 

John  I.  Deedge. 


COOPEES   POETEAIT    OP   CROMWELL. 

(P*  S.  xii.  205.,  &c.) 

I  beg  to  subjoin  a  few  extracts  and  remarks 
relating  to  Samuel  Cooper's  miniature  of  Crom- 
well, and  other  relevant  matters  ;  which  may  not 
be  devoid  of  interest  to  your  correspondent  Ces- 
TRiENsis,  and  perhaps  enable  him  to  infer  the  pre- 
sent locus  in  quo  of  one  or  more  of  the  portraits 
of  which  he  is  in  search.  I  transcribe  the  fol- 
lowing passage  from  a  well-compiled  book  of 
anecdote : 

"  Robert  "Walker,  a  portrait  pointer,  contemporary 
with  Vandyke,  was  most  remarkable  for  being  the  prin- 
cipal painter  employed  by  Cromwell,  whose  picture  he 
drew  more  than  once.  One  of  those  portraits  represented 
him  with  a  gold  chain  about  his  neck,  to  which  was  ap- 
pended a  gold  medal  with  three  crowns,  the  arms  of 
Sweden  and  a  pearl,  sent  to  him  by  Christina  in  return 
for  his  picture  by  Cooper,  on  which  Milton  wrote  a  Latin 
Epigram.  This  head  by  Walker  is  in  possession  of 
Lord  Mountford  at  Horseth,  in  Cambridgeshire,  and  Was 
given  to  a  former  lord  by  Mr.  Commissary  Greaves,  who 
found  it  in  an  inn  in  that  county.  Another  piece  con- 
tained Cromwell  and  Lambert  together ;  this  was  in  Lord 
Bradford's  collection.  A  third  was  purchased  for  the 
great  Uuke,  whose  agent  having  orders  to  procure  one. 
and  meeting  with  this  in  the  hands  of  a  female  relation 
of  the  Protector,  offered  to  purchase  it ;  but  being  refused, 
and  continuing  his  solicitation,  to  put  him  off,  she  asked 
500/.,  and  was  paid  it."  —  The  Arts  and  Artists,  §-c.,  by 
James  Elmes,  vol.  i.  p.  41. 

Mr.  Sarsfield  Taylor,  in  his  Origin,  Progress, 


Spc,  of  the  Fine  Arts  in  Great  Britain  and  Ire- 
land (2  vols.  8vo.,  1841),  omits  to  mention  Cooper, 
but  speaks  of  Walker  as  being  tie  principal  artist 
during  the  Protectorate : 

"  He  became  eventually  Cromwell's  chief  artist,  and 
painted  his  portrait  several  times.  Cromwell  made  pre- 
sents of  these  heads :  one  was  sent  to  Christina,  Queen  of 
Sweden,  in  return  for  a  gold  chain  and  medal  sent  to 
Oliver  by  that  extraordinary  woman;  others  he  gave  to 
Col.  Cooke,  to  Speaker  Lenthall,  &c.  Walker  was  a 
clever  portrait  painter,  with  original  feeling ;  his  colour- 
ing was  verj'  good,  and  his  peacil,  though  free,  was 
careful."  —  v  ol.  i.  p.  352. 

Walpole,  speaking  of  Cooper's  portrait,  appa- 
rently from  actual  observation,  says  : 

"  This  fine  head  is  in  the  possession  of  Lady  Frankland, 
widow  of  Sir  Thomas,  a  descendant  of  Cromwell.  The 
bod}'  is  unfinished.  Vertue  engraved  it,  as  he  did  an- 
other in  profile,  in  the  collection  of  the  Duke  of  Devon- 
shire."— Anec.  of  Painting;  Straw.  Hill  edit,  vol.  iii.  p.  61. 

Cooper  was  a  miniature  painter,  and  probably 
painted  more  than  one  head  of  the  Protector.  I 
think  it  probable  that  it  was  one  of  these,  rather 
than  a  portrait  by  Walker,  which  was  transmitted 
to  Christina,  not  only  on  account  of  its  greater 
portability  and  fitness  for  a  present,  but  because 
Cooper  himself  (according  to  some,  or  his  elder 
brother  Alexander,  according  to  Barry, — see  his 
edition  of  Pilkington's  Dictionary,  4to.,  1798),  had 
at  one  time  held  the  appointment  of  miniature 
painter  to  Christina. 

Cooper  also  painted  a  portrait  of  Milton ;  and 
this,  Bryan  informs  us,  was  recently  discovered, 
and  is  now  in  the  possession  of  the  Duke  of  Buc- 
cleugh. 

For  this  portrait  of  Cromwell,  Cooper  was 
offered  150/.  by  the  French  king  ;  which  offer  he 
refused  (Cunningham's  Pilkington). 

Voltaire  spealts  of  the  transmission  of  a  por- 
trait to  Christina ;  without,  however,  mentioning 
the  name  of  the  artist.  In  an  article  on  Crom- 
well, in  the  Diet.  Philosophique,  he  says  : 

"  Lorsqu'il  eut  outrage  tous  les  rois  en  fesant  couper 
la  tete  h  son  roi  legitime,  et  qu'il  commeQ<;a  lui-meme  k 
regner,  il  envoya  son  portrait  h  une  tete  couronnee; 
c'etait^^  la  reine  de  Suede,  Christine.  Marvell,  fameux 
poete  anglais,  qui  fesait  fort  bien  des  vers  latins,  aceom- 
pagn|fcce  portrait  de  six  vers  ou  il  fait  parler  Cromwell 
lui-meme.  Cromwell  corrigea  les  deux  derniers,  qui 
voici : 

"  '  At  tibi  submittit  frontem  reverentior  umbra, 
Non  sunt  hi  vultus,  regibus  usque  truces.' 

"  Le  sens  hardi  de  ce  six  vers  peut  se  rendre  ainsi :  — 

"  *  Les  armes  a  la  main  j'ai  defendu  les  lois; 
D'un  peuple  audacieux  j'ai  venge  la  querelle. 
Regardez  sans  fremir  cette  image  fidfele ; 
Mon  front  n'est  pas  toujours  Tepouvante  des  rois.' " 

It  will  be  observed  that  Voltaire  ascribes  this 
epigram  to  Marvell.  Newton  and  Birch  attri- 
bute it  to  Milton  ;  but  Dr.  Warton,  in  his  edition 
of  Milton's  Minor  Poems  (8vo.,  London,  1791, 
which  only  wa»t8  an  index  to  render  it  one  of  the 


34 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"*S.iI<>28.,JuLrl2. '56. 


most  valuable,  as  it  is  one  of  the  most  interesting 
books  in  the  language),  though  including  It  in  the 
Epigrammatum  Liber,  inclines  to  the  belief  that  it 
is  the  production  of  Marvell ;  in  the  various  edi- 
tions of  whose  works  it  is  to  be  found,  preceded 
by  a  distich,  apparently  written  before  the  ulti- 
mate destination  of  the  portrait  was  known. 
"While  upon  the  subject,  I  may  as  well  transcribe 
each :  — 

"  In  Effigiem  Oltveri  Cromwell, 
"  Hxc  est  qujB  toties  Inijiicos  Umbra  fugavit, 
At  sub  qua  Gives  Otia  lenta  terunt." 

"  In  eandem,  Regince  Suecias  transmissam. 
"  Bellipotens  virgo,  Septem  Regina  Trionum, 
Christina,  Arctoi  lucida  Stella  Poli ! 
Cernis,  quas  merui  dura  sub  Casside  Rugas, 

Sicque  Senex  Armis  impiger  Ora  tero : 
Invia  fatorum  dum  per  Vestigia  nitor, 
Exequor  et  Populi  fortia  jussa  manu. 
Ast  tibi  submittit  frontem  reverentior  Umbra : 
Nee  sunt  hi  Vultus  regibus  usque  truces." 
I  may  add  to  these  desultory  remarks,  that  I 
have  in  my  possession  a  plaster  mask,  purporting 
to  be  that  of  Cromwell's  face  after  death.     I  was 
informed   moreover   that  the  mould  from  which 
it  was  made  was  taken  surreptitiously  from  a  cast 
preserved  in  the  Tower  of  London.    Is  there  such 
a  relic  ?  William  Bates. 


(2'«>  S.  i.  374. 440.) 

There  is  nothing  said  in  Scripture  about  any 
Mount  Calvary.  "  The  present  church,  the  keys 
of  which  have  been  the  cause,  ex  concesso,  of 
enormous  blood-shedding  the  last  two  years,"  has 
not  the  shadow  of  a  foundation  for  its  claim.  It 
could  not  have  been  the  place  of  the  Crucifixion. 

Paul  the  apostle  says,  Heb.  xiii.  12.,  "  Where- 
fore Jesus  also  suffered  without  the  gate:  "  but  the 
site  at  present  pointed  out  is  not  without  the  ancient 
fortifications  of  Jerusalem  ;  it  could  not  therefore 
have  been  the  place  of  our  Lord's  death. 

Some  writers,  retaining  the  erroneous  idea  that 
the  place  must  have  been  on  a  hill-top,  hav€  fixed 
on  the  "  Hill  of  Evil  Counsel "  as  the  prdaable 
scene  of  the  Crucifixion,  but  no  satisfacto^  rea- 
sons are  assigned.  The  apostle  in  the  verse  pre- 
vious to  that  I  have  quoted  says,  "  For  the  bodies 
of  those  beasts,  whose  blood  is  brought  into  the 
sanctuary  by  the  high  priest  for  sin,  are  burned 
without  the  camp.  Wherefore  Jesus  also,"  &c. 
Reference  to  the  following  passages  will  show  the 
ground  for  the  declaration  that  the  sin  offerings 
were  burned  outside  of  the  camp,  Exod.  xxix.  14.; 
Lev.  i.  11.,  iv.  12.  21.,  vi.  11.,  and  viii.  17. 

Doubtless  when  the  Temple  service  was  es- 
tablished at  Jerusalem,  the  sin  offerings  were 
burned  in  some  one  particular  spot  outside  the 
city.     In  that  place  would  be  found  many  uncon- 


sumed  remains  of  the  larger  bones  of  the  sacrifices, 
especially  of  the  skulls  of  the  victims.  Hence  the 
place  would  most  appropriately  be  called  Golgotha 
Calvary  —  The  place  of  a  skull.  Now  it  is  a  fair 
inference  from  the  apostle's  writing,  that  where 
the  typical  sin  offerings  were  consumed,  in  that 
identical  place  the  great  antitype  himself  expired. 

It  only  remains  to  inquire  if  Scripture  indicates 
the  precise  quarter  of  the  compass  in  which  the 
burnt  sacrifice  was  to  be  slain.  This  has  hitherto 
been  most  unaccountably  overlooked  :  but  in  Le- 
viticus, chap.  i.  V.  11.,  we  read,  "  And  he  shall  kill 
it  on  the  side  of  the  altar  narthioard  before  the 
Lord."  Who  will  doubt  but  that  our  Blessed  Lord 
suffered  on  the  north  side  of  Jerusalem  ?  If  he  did 
not,  then  in  this  particular,  and  in  this  only,  did 
he  fail  to  fulfil  to  the  letter  all  that  was  shadowed 
forth  in  Jewish  rites  and  ceremonies.  It  is  clear, 
too,  that  the  place  must  have  been  convenient  for 
a  large  concourse  of  persons,  and  that  it  must 
have  been  close  to  a  high  road.  Matt,  xxvii.  39., 
"  And  they  that  passed  by  reviled  him,  wagging 
their  heads." 

The  scene  of  the  Crucifixion,  then,  must  have 
been  on  the  north  side  of  Jerusalem,  by  the  side 
of  the  road  leading  to  Shechem,  or  Sychar,  now 
Nablous  ;  a  road,  then  as  now,  the  one  great  high-    , 
way  leading  to  the  Holy  City. 

The  sacred  spot  was  probably  in  a  shallow  valley 
on  the  road  to  Nablous,  a  short  distance  beyond 
the  Tombs  of  the  Kings. 

The  Royal  Saviour  thus  in  His  death  lay  very 
near  to  David,  his  kingly  ancestor. 

I  think  it  will  be  found  that  ray  argument 
throws  some  light  on  that  difficult  conclusion  of 
Ezekiel,  as  in  chap.  xl.  44.,  xli.  11.,  xlii.  1.,  xlvi. 
19.,  &c.  &c. 

I  will  not  apologise  for  a  paper  of  such  a  nature 
as  the  present ;  for  if  unacceptable,  you  would  not 
have  introduced  the  Query  which  gave  rise  to  it. 
I  do  fear,  however,  that  I  have  somewhat  exceeded 
the  proper  limit,  and  my  excuse  shall  be  that  I 
have  discussed  the  most  important  and  interesting 
subject  which  topography  affords.     S.  Evershed. 

Brighton, 


THE    OLD    HUNDREDTH,    BY   WHOM    COMPOSED. 

(2"'>  S.  i.  494.) 
Mr.  Latrobe,  in  his  Introduction  to  the  last 
edition  of  that  valuable  collection  of  chorales,  the 
Moravian  Tune  Book  (Mallalieu,  Hatton  Garden, 
1854),  says : 

"That  the  so-called  'Old  Hundredth' was  really  com- 
posed by  Claude  Goudimel,  and  was  probably  unknown 
to  Luther  and  his  immediate  contemporaries,  seems  now 
to  be  generally  admitted.  Fine  as  it  is,  and  deservedly  a 
favourite,  especially  in  this  countrj',  it  will  not  be  less 
valued  by  British  Protestants  when  they  are  informed 
that  the  author  was  one  of  the  victims  of  Popish  perseca- 


2nd  s.  No  28.,  July  12.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


35 


tion,  having  perished  at  Lyons  in  the  Massacre  of  St. 
Bartholomew,  in  the  year  1672."  —  P.  13. 

And  it  13  added,  in  a  note  in  p.  14. : 

"  The  Rev.  W,  Havergal,  in  his  Old  Church  Psalmody, 
states  that  it  was  first  published  in  England  in  Day's 
Psalter,  A.D.  1563.  Handel's  belief,  to  which  he  alludes, 
that  Luther  composed  the  tune,  is  not  a  little  singular ; 
inasmuch  as  it  is  found  in  none  of  the  collections  published 
by  that  great  Reformer,  and,  in  point  of  fact,  the  melody 
is  to  this  day  but  little  known  or  used  in  the  Lutheran 
Churches." 

These  two  facts  seem  to  render  the  notion  that 
Luther  composed  it  quite  untenable. 

Goudimel  was  music-director  at  Lyons,  and 
appears  to  have  been  a  musical  co-adjutor  of 
Theodore  Beza  and  Clement  Marot  in  the  adap- 
tation of  the  Psalms  to  congregational  use.  The 
tune  in  question  was  originally  composed,  and  is 
to  this  day  sung  in  the  Reformed  Churches  of 
France  and  Switzerland,  not  to  the  100th,  but 
to  the  134th  psalm  (Latrobe's  Introd.,  p.  31.). 

A  corrupt  version  of  the  latter  part  of  the 
melody  is  getting  into  very  general  use.  Assum- 
ing the  key  to  be  G,  the  last  strain  is  often  given 
thus :  DBGABCAG:  but  it  ought  to  be, 
BBGACBAG.  The  latter  is  the  form  in 
most,  if  not  in  all,  of  the  old  collections  of  psalmody 
in  common  use,  and  is  adopted  in  the  Moravian 
book.  Mr.  Latrobe  says  it  "  is  evidently  the 
original  one  "  (Introd.,  p.  31.).  I  can  produce  as 
authorities  two  ancient  copies  :  one  from  the 
Psalms  of  the  Reformed  Churches  of  France,  and 
the  other  from  an  old  copy  of  Sternhold  and 
Hopkins,  in  both  of  which  this  is  the  reading  found. 

There  is  another  matter  connected  with  the 
tune,  to  which  perhaps  I  may  be  allowed  to  call 
attention,  and  that  is  the  funereal  pace  at  which  it 
is  usually  sung.  The  psalms  to  which  it  has  been 
specially  appropriated,  the  100th  and  134th,  are 
not  penitential,  but  joyful  and  jubilant ;  and 
assuming  either  that  it  was,  as  Mr.  Latrobe  says, 
first  composed  to  the  latter  psalm,  or  that  the 
appropriation  was  in  accordance  with  some  early 
tradition,  we  may  infer  that  the  composer  did  not 
intend  the  tune  to  be  sung  in  a  heavy,  drawling, 
and  doleful  manner,  as  we  often  hear  it  now.  It 
evidently  was  not  regarded  as  a  mournful  or  even 
as  a  grave  tune  in  the  time  of  Tate  and  Brady  :  for 
in  the  "  Directions"  annexed  to  their  version,  it 
is  said  that  psalms  of  what  we  now  call  long 
^letre,  "  if  psalms  of  praise  or  cheerfulness,  may 
properly  be  sung  as  the  old  100th  psalm." 

J.  W.  Phillips. 

Haverfordwest. 


This  tune  if  not  of  Lutheran,  but  Huguenot  ori- 
gin; it  has  been  ascribed  to  Luther,  and  this  mistake 
arose  from  the  circumstance  that  one  of  Luther's 
tunes  commences  with  ty|same  phrase  as  that  of  the 
Old  Hundredth.     Whoever  might  have  composed 


the  Old  Hundredth,  it  is  manifest  he  made  it  from 
this  tune  of  Luther ;  but  it  was  not  the  work  of 
any  German,  because  the  tune  does  not  appear 
in  the  early  editions  of  Luther's  Chorals,  nor  do 
the  Germans  themselves  ascribe  it  to  Luther. 
Luther's  first  book  appeared  in  1519,  and  I  ima- 
gine (I  am  writing  Irom  recollection  only)  that 
the  Old  Hundredth  did  not  appear  in  Germany 
for  nearly  forty  years  after  this  period.  The 
earliest  printed  copy  we  know  appears  with  the 
harmony  of  Goudimel,  and  in  the  French  rhythm, 
thus : 

—      \     \y     \^     \J     y./      I      —     —      1      — 

Such  rhythm  is  adverse  to  the  supposition  of  a 
Lutheran  origin.  Tliose  of  your  readers  who 
may  wish  to  compare  Luther's  tune  with  the  Old 
Hundredth  will  find  both  in  Bach's  Choralge- 
sange  (Becker's  edition),  the  former  to  the  hymn 
"Nun  lob  mein  Seel  den  Herren,"  in  pp.  8.  13. 
67.  155.  and  171.;  the  latter  to  the  hymn  "  Herr 
Gott  dich  loben  alle  wir,"  in  pp.  164.  and  191. 
The  Old  Hundredth  does  not  ap])ear  in  the 
earliest  editions  of  the  Psalter  by  Sternhold  and 
Hopkins.  The  tunes  that  therein  appear  are  all 
of  foreign  manufacture.  The  tunes  which  subse- 
quently enlarged  that  collection,  and  of  English 
manufacture,  bear  the  name  of  some  cathedral 
city,  or  some  English  town  of  importance.  The 
Old  Hundredth,  having  no  English  name,  is 
clearly  a  foreign  importation,  and  not  the  com- 
position of  any  Anglican  organist.  It  has  been 
ascribed  to  Dowland,  but  Dowland  was  only  the 
author  of  the  four-part  harmony.  The  Tudor 
harmonists  affixed  their  names  to  the  "  common 
tunes,"  as  they  were  called,  as  an  announcement 
that  they  composed  the  choir  harmonies,  but  they 
intended  no  more  by  such  application  of  the  name. 
We  exceedingly  dislike  the  tune,  and  it  never  would 
have  attained  its  popularity  in  England  had  it  not 
been  constantly  used  to  the  psalm  sung  at  the 
Holy  Eucharist ;  its  application  to  the  Hundredth 
Psalm  was  a  remove,  and  hence  its  more  general 
adoption  as  the  metrical  Jubilate  of  the  Pro- 
testants in  this  country.  As  a  jubilate,  however, 
it  is  the  most  melancholy  of  all  joyful  ditties. 

H.  J.  G. 


Michael  Este  in  his  collection  published  1592, 
ascribes  this  psalm  tune  to  his  contemporary, 
John  Dowland ;  so  that  if  there  is  any  truth  in 
its  French  origin,  Dowland  must  have  borrowed 
it.  J.  C.  J. 


NOTES    ON   REGIMENTS. 

(S"''  S.  i.  422.) 

The  skull  and  cross  bones  on  the  Lancers'  caps  is  a 
species  of  rather  indifferent  rebus.  Mr.  Macken- 
zie Walcott  will  find  that  over  the  device  in  ques- 


36 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


L2°a  s.  i?o  28.,  July  12,  '56. 


tion,  which  is  to  be  read  "  Death,"  are  the  words 
"  Victory  or."  I  have  seen  a  still  more  clumsy 
design  engraved  on  the  brass  traps  in  gun-stocks 
of  a  Volunteer  Rifle  corps  of  the  last  century,  viz. 
the  skull  and  cross  bones  followed  by  the  words 
"  comes  swiftly."  W.  J.  Bjbenhaed  Smith. 

Temple. 

I  am  told  that  the  57th  regiment,  from  its 
courage  at  Albuera,  earned  the  name  of  "  Die 
Hards ; "  and  the  28th,  from  their  conduct  in 
Egypt,  received  the  privilege  of  wearing  the  regi- 
mental plate  before  and  behind  the  shako ;  being 
hard  pressed  by  the  enemy  they  presented  a  double 
face,  the  word  having  been  given  "  Rear  rank, 
right  about  face ! "  The  9th  were  called  in  the 
Peninsula  '  'The  Holy  Boys,"  from  a  sale  of 
Bibles  which  they  held.  The  Duke  of  Athol's 
Highlanders  carry  the  significant  motto  "  Firth, 
forth,  and  fill  the  fetters !  "  (in  Gaelic.) 

Mackenzie  Walcott,  M.A. 


thing  to  be  killing  men  speaking  our  own  Ian 


guage. 


T.  F. 


"The  28th"  is  the  regiment  who  wear  the 
plate  in  front  and  at  the  back  of  their  shako. 
I  think  that  in  Egypt  this  corps,  drawn  up 
"  two  deep,"  were  charged  in  Iront  and  rear 
by  the  French  cavalry ;  and  the  colonel  of  the 
gallant  28th  gave  the  word  "  Rear  rank,  right 
about  face  ! "  "  fire  a  volley ! "  which  sent  the 
enemy  flying.  Upon  the  Queen's  birthday,  in- 
spection, and  other  gala  days,  "the  22nd"  wear 
in  their  caps  a  sprig  of  oak,  and  a  branch  of  the 
same  is  tied  on  the  colours.  The  tradition  in  the 
corps  is,  that  in  the  retreat  after  the  battle  of 
Dettingen,  George  II.  was  rescued  from  imminent 
danger  by  a  company  of  the  regiment.  In  "  The 
23rd  Royal  Welsh  Fusileers,"  the  officers  wear  a 
black  silk  bag  with  three  tails  at  the  back  of  their 
coats.  This  is  still  the  custom  of  the  corps,  and 
I  suppose  that  the  origin  is  derived  from  some 
sort  of  wig. 

I  have  heard  somewhere  of  "The  5th  Fusi- 
leers," whose  plumes  are  tipped  with  red,  and  who 
were  called  "  The  Bloody  Fifth,"  that  this  sobri- 
quet was  given  in  consequence  of  the  men  dipping 
their  worsted  plumes  in  the  enemy's  blood  at  one 
of  the  Peninsular  battles. 

"The  69th"  are  very  proud  of  their  facings, 
which  are  the  true  Lincoln  green  in  colour. 

Centurion. 


"  Springers  "  is  the  name  given  to  the  62nd  re- 
giment. When  at  the  battle  of  New  Orleans  a 
regiment  considered  themselves  to  be  ill-supported, 
the,  men  exclaimed,  "  This  would  not  have  been 
if  the  Springers  had  been  here  with  us."  This 
was  told  me  by  a  serjeant,  who  also  added,  "  We 
did  not  like  the  American  war  :  it  seemed  a  cruel 


In  the  Army  and  Militia  Almanac  for  1856, 
edited  by  J.  Stocqueler,  Esq.,  published  by  Web- 
ster, 60.  Piccadilly,  a  tabular  list  is  given  of  the 
badges,  mottoes,  facings,  &c.,  together  with  other 
useful  particulars  of  the  cavalry  and  foot  regi- 
ments. C.  ().) 


Eaton  Stannard  Barrett :  "  Lines  on  Woman  " 
(P'  S.  viii.  292.)  — In  Vol.  viii.  of  "N.  &  Q." 
several  communications  were  elicited  relative  to 
the  then,  as  now,  almost  forgotten  Eaton  Stan- 
nard Barrett,  author  of  some  exquisite  "  Lines  on 
Woman,"  —  the  heading  of  all  the  letters  which 
appeared  in  "  N.  &  Q."  on  the  subject.  Of  these, 
the  most  interesting  was  one  from  Mr.  Robert 
Bell,  author  of  the  History  of  Russia  and  Ladder 
of  Gold;  but  in  regard  to  the  time  of  Barrett's 
death,  no  more  satisfactory  information  was  elicited 
than  that  it  occurred  "  many  years  ago."  Al- 
though the  present  communication  is  somewhat 
behind  date,  yet,  to  perfect  what  has  already  ap- 
peared, and  to  carry  out  the  main  object  of  "  N.  & 
Q.,"  the  following  cutting  from  a  newspaper  of 
the  year  1821  may  be  with  propriety  annexed. 
Is  the  book  in  existence  whicli  was  nearly  finished 
at  the  time  of  Eaton  Stannard  Barrett's  death, 
and  what  is  the  nature  of  it  ? 

"  Died,  on  the  20th  of  March,  in  Glamorganshire,  of  a 
rapid  decline,  occasioned  by  the  bursting  of  a  blood  vessel, 
Eaton  Stannard  Barrett,  Esq.,  so  well  known  to  the  lite- 
rary and  poUtical  world,  as  the  author  of  All  the  Talents, 
The  Heroine,  &c.  &c.  There  were  few  gentlemen  whose 
private  worth  gained  more  esteem,  or  whose  manners 
possessed  greater  attractions.  Ardently  pursuing  his 
favourite  occupations,  he  had  nearly  completed  a  Work, 
of  which  his  unexpected,  death  has  deprived  the  world, 
and  which  might  long  since  have  been  finished,  had  not 
another  study  divided  his  time  and  thoughts."  * 

His  brother,  Richard  Barrett,  whom  Mr.  Beli. 
referred  to  as  living  in  1853,  editor  of  the  Dublin 
Pilot,  and  &  fellow-prisoner  of  O'Connell's,  died  at 
Dalkey,  about  eighteen  months  ago. 

William  John  Fitz-Patrick. 

Miss  Edgeworth  (2"'^  S.  i._383.)  —  W.  J.  Fitz- 
patrick  is  in  error  in  stating  that  Miss  Edge-' 
worth  was  the  daughter  of  Honora  Sneyd  :^  that 
distinguished  writer  was  the  child  of  Mr.  Edge- 
worth  by  his  former  wife,  Miss  Elers  (see  Quart. 
Rev.,  xxiii.  528.).  #  «•  ^• 

Spelling  of  Names  (2°^  S.  i._372.)— The  spell- 
ing of  names  sometimes  v^ies  in  the  present  day. 

[*  Eaton  SUnnard  Barrett Weatli  is  also  noticed  in  the 
Gent.  Mag.  for  April,  1820,  p.  377.] 


# 


S.N0  28.,  July  12. '56.3 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


37 


I  was  acquainted,  many  years  ago,  with  an  old 
clergyman,  the  Rev.  Warren  Brooks,  of  great  re- 
spectability. In  the  later  part  of  his  life  he  emi- 
grated to  Van  Diemen's  Land  ;  and  there  I  have 
understood  that  the  old  gentleman  was  in  the 
habit  of  writing  himself  Brook.  a.  fi. 

Major  General  Stanwix  (2"^  S.  i.  511.)  —  Gene- 
ral Stanwix,  about  whom  the  Messrs.  Cooper 
have  put  a  Query,  is  surely  the  person  the  cir- 
cumstances of  whose  death  gave  rise  to  a  remark- 
able case  on  the  question  of  survivorship.  The 
case  is  reported  in  the  first  volume  of  Sir  Wm. 
Blackstone's  Reports,  p.  640.,  and  is  thus  noticed 
by  Mr.  Best,  in  his  book  on  Presumptions  of  Law 
and  Fact : 

"  General  Stanwix,  in  October,  1766,  together  with  his 
second  wife  and  a  daughter  by  a  former  marriage,  set 
.sail  in  the  same  vessel  from  Dublin  to  England.  The 
ship  was  lost  at  sea,  and  no  account  of  the  manner  of  her 
perishing  ever  received.  Upon  this,  the  maternal  uncle 
and  next  of  kin  of  the  daughter  claimed  the  effects  of  the 
general,  on  the  principle  of  the  civil  law,  that,  where 
parent  and  child  perish  together,  and  the  manner  of  their 
death  is  unknown,  the  child  must  be  supposed  to  have 
survived  the  parent.  Similar  claims  were,  however,  put 
forward  by  the  nephew  and  next  of  kin  of  General  Stan- 
wix, who  moved  the  King's  Bench  for  a  mandamus  to 
compel  the  Prerogative  Court  to  grant  administration  to 
him.  The  rule  for  that  purpose  was,  after  argument, 
made  absolute,  on  the  ground  that  the  question  of  sur- 
vivorship sought  to  be  established  could  only  arise  under 
the  Statute  of  Distributions,  and  that  the  nephew,  being 
next  of  kin,  was  entitled  to  the  administration  of  the 
goods  of  the  deceased.  This  case  is  clearly  no  decision  as 
to  the  presumption  of  survivorship,  and  the  suit  is  said  to 
have  been  compromised,  upon  the  recommendation  of 
Lord  Mansfield,  who  said  he  knew  of  no  legal  principle 
on  which  he  could  decide  it." 

D.B. 

6.  Pump  Court,  Temple. 

Translation  of  Camoens  (2"''  S.  i.  510.)  —  I  can 
tell  B,.  J.  that  the  "  Island"  was  a  translation  by 
a  now-forgotten  author  of  the  name  of  Thomas 
Wade,  many  years  subsequently  known  as  the 
author  of  one  or  tiro  not  very  successful  plays 
produced  at  Covent  Garden  Tlieatre  ;  of  a  volume 
of  poems  (published  by  Miller,  of  Henrietta 
Street),  with  the  out-of-the-way  title  oi  Mundi  et 
Cordis  Carmina  ,•  of  a  poem  called  Prothanasia, 
with  Moxon's  name  as  publisher  ;  and  whose  last 
publication,  as  far  as  I  have  seen,  was  an  e.ssay  or 
"lecture,"  entitled  What  does  Hamlet  mean?  —  a 
notice  of  which  I  remember  having  read  in  The 
Athenoeum.  I  have  no  recollection  of  the  merits 
of  his  translation  from  Camoens,  referred  to  by 
R.  J.,  although  I  certainly  perused  it  on  its  ap- 
pearance in  the  pages  of  the  European  Magazine. 

M.  F.  Z. 

J.  Larking :  Paper-^arh  (2"^  S.  1. 433.)  — Yl)ur 
correspondent  Chartophtlax  has  not  correctly 
fixed  the  date  of  this  paper-mark.  J.  Larking  s 
paper-mill  is  situated  in  this  parish,  and  was  built 


by  him  between  the  years  1785  and  1790.  It  has 
long  since  passed  into  other  hands ;  but  I  can 
assert  positively,  from  information  which  I  pos- 
sess, that  no  mill  of  the  kind  existed  here  previous 
to  that  period,  nor  did  J.  Larking  possess  any 
here  or  elsewhere  at  any  time  antecedent  to  the 
year  1785.  If  it  be  material,  I  can  obtain  for  you 
the  date  of  the  exact  year  in  which  the  mill  was 
built ;  but  the  information  given  above  will  pro- 
bably be  sufficient  for  your  purpose.  A.. 
East  Mailing,  Kent. 

The  Rev.  Robert  Montgomery  (2"'^  S.  i.  521.)  — 
I  for  one  am  obliged  to  G.  for  the  information 
concerning  the  name  of  the  father  of  the  gentle- 
man above  indicated.  Can  G.,  or  will  Mr.  Cat- 
ling, be  good  enough  to  inform  me  where  he  was 
christened?  I  am,  of  course,  aware  that  Weston 
has  been  mentioned ;  but  which  Weston  P  for  there 
are  at  least  a  score  places  so  named  in  the  Clerical 
Directory.  D. 

York  Service  Boohs.  —  As  York  books  are  of 
great  rarity,  I  beg  to  send  you  the  following  note 
as  an  addition  to  A.  Mt.'s  Note  in  2°''  S.  i.  489. 
I  have  a  York  Horce  B.  Virg.,  which,  as  far  as  I 
can  make  out,  is  unique.  The  Museum  has  one 
also,  but  it  does  not  contain  any  of  the  distinctive 
services  for  York  Saints,  and  consequently  not 
the  following : 

"  De  Sancto  Ricardo  Scrupe  Mar.  et  Conf." 
"  Alme  Ricarde  Dei  martyr  nostri  miserere. 
"  Ut  placeamus  ei :  fac  nos  peccata  cavere." 
"  V.  Intercede  pro  nobis  Ricarde  Beate,  ut  quee  salu- 
briter  petimus  consequamur  a  te." 

"  Deus  qui  beatum  et  electum  Martirem  tuum  Ri- 
cardum  prseclarse  patientiae  titulis  in  ipso  suse  mortis  arti- 
culo  singulariter  illustrasti:  da  nobis  famulis  tuis  ejus 
piis  meritis  et  amore  sic  in  prjesenti  vivere,  ut  ad  reterna 
valeamus  gaudia  perv^enire,  per  Christum." 

There  was  a  good  stained  glass  portrait  of  him 
in  York  Minster,  but  I  fancy  it  was  destroyed 
by  the  fire :  of  this  1  am  not  certain.  J.  C.  J. 

Longevity  (2""^  ^  i.  452.) —The  following  sta- 
tistics are  worth  adding  to  the  series  of  Notes  that 
have  appeared  on  longevity  : 

"  In  1851  there  were  in  Lower  Canada,  over  100  years 
of  age,  38  persons;  between  90  and  100  years,  417;  be- 
tween SO  and  90,  3030 ;  between  70  and  80,  11,084 ;  be- 
tween 60  and  70,  24,095. 

"  In  Upper  Canada  in  the  same  year,  there  were,  over 
100  years  of  age,  20  persons ;  between  70  and  80,  7156 ; 
between  60  and  70,  20,267." — Canada  and  Her  Resources^ 
two  Prize  Essays,  by  J.  Sheridan  Hogan  and  Alexander 
Morris,  p.  114. 

K.  P.  D.  E. 

Lees vf  Alt  Hill,  Family  of  (V  S.  xii.  265.)  — 
The  name  is  "Lees,"  and  not  "Lee,"  and  the 
"  heiress  "  was  Alice,  daughter  of  John  Lees  and 
Alice  Bardsley  his  wife. 

The  word  "heiress"  would  induce  the  sup- 


38 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»«  S.  N»  28.,  JtTLT  12.  'ft 


position  that  she  was  the  only  child,  but  such  was 
not  the  fact,  as  she  had  a  brother,  James,  who 
succeeded  to  his  father's  property,  as  Alice  did  to 
her  mother's,  the  Bardsleys. 

The  family  of  Leese,  or  Lees,  have  been  resi- 
dent at  Alt  since  1422,  when  Thomas  de  Leghes, 
Adam  de  Leghes  and  John  de  Leghes  held  lands 
under  Sir  Jolm  Assheton,  Bart.,  at  Alt,  Nether 
Leghes,  and  Palden  Leghes,  Palden  being  consi- 
dered an  abbreviation  of  Palus  Densata,  a  fen  or 
morass. 

I  have  this  information  from  a  carefully-com- 
piled pedigree  made  by  a  lineal  descendant  of  the 
family,  a  physician  here;  but  there  does  not  appear 
to  be  any  connection  with  the  family  of  Lee  of 
Cheshire. 

Jonathan  Pickford,  Esq.,  of  Macclesfield,  was 
the  lineal  ancestor  of  Sir  Joseph  Radcliflfe,  Bart., 
of  Mihies  Bridge.  K.  E. 

Ashton-under-Lyne. 

Geranium  (2°'^  S.  i.  494.)  —  I  have  extracted 
from  The  Language  of  Flowers,  the  following 
significations  of  the  different  kinds  of  geranium 
for  the  benefit  of  VV.  H.  P. :  — 


"  Scarlet  Geranium 
Ivy,  ditto     - 
Nutmeg,  ditto 
Eose-scented,  ditto 
Silver-leaved,  ditto 


'  Comforting.' 
'  Bridal  Favour.' 
'  Expected  Meeting.' 
'  Preference.' 
'  Recall.'  " 

Cleeicus. 


Common  Place-Books  (P'  S.  xii.  478. ;  2"'^  S.  i. 
486.)  —  When,  in  the  first  of  the  above  pages,  I 
explained  an  improvement  upon  Locke's  method 
of  keeping  a  common-place  book,  I  did  not  refer 
to  the  plan  which  Bibliothecar.  Chetham.  sup- 
poses. I  mentioned  that  the  method  to  which  I 
referred  first  appeared  about  thirty-five  years 
ago  ;  but  I  should  have  said  upwards  of  forty,  for 
one  of  my  common-place  books  was  kept  upon 
this  improved  plan  forty-three  years  ago.  What 
I  had  in  my  mind  was  published  as  a  common- 
place book  with  a  ruled  and  lettered  index,  and  a 
page  or  two  of  directions,  explaining  also  the  su- 
perior advantages  of  this  new*  method.  It  was 
new  at  the  time;  and  if  your  correspondent  will 
turn  again  to  my  former  communication,  he  will 
see  that  I  did  not  refer  to  any  of  the  works  which 
he  mentions,  but  described  a  plan  very  different. 

F.  C.  H. 

Popular  Names  of  Live-stock  (2°''  S.  i.  416.)  — 
The  very  interesting  paper,  under  the  above  title, 
does  not  make  mention  of  ever  as  a  name  for  the 
boar-pig.  I  have  heard  it  used  by  the  lower 
classes  in  Sussex,  but  very  rarely  —  and  usually 
pronounced  heaver.  The  word  is  evidently  de- 
rived from  the  German  or  Saxon  eber,  a  boar ; 
the  b  and  v  being  interchangeable. 

Till  I  made  this  discovery,  I  was  much  puzzled 
respecting  the  etymology  of  a  not  unusual  surname 


in  Sussex,  pronounced  in  our  towns  Ever-shed,  but 
by  the  country  people  Ever-sed  :  it  was  undoubt- 
edly originally  Evers-hed,  that  is,  boar's-head. 

Samuel. 
Brighton. 

Glycerine  for  Naturalists  (2"^  S.  i.  412.) — I  too 
have  been  disappointed  in  glycerine.  But  if 
I.  M.  4.  wishes  to  be  successful,  let  him  get  the 
article  direct  from  Price's  Candle  Company,  Vaux- 
hall.  Much  that  is  sold  under  the  name  is  not 
glycerine  at  all.  Eber. 

Brighton. 

The  Ducking  Stool  (2"-^  S.  i.  490.)  —With  re- 
ference to  the  inquiry  as  to  the  use  of  the  duck- 
ing stool  since  1738,  as  a  punishment  for  women, 
I  beg  to  refer  to  Mr.  Brooke's  recent  work  on 
Liverpool  from  1775  to  1800,  in  which  evidence 
will  be  found  of  the  use  of  it  in  1779,  and  perhaps 
still  later,  by  the  authority  of  the  magistrates,  in 
the  House  of  Correction,  which  formerly  stood 
upon  Mount  Pleasant  in  Liverpool. 

There  is  yet  preserved  in  the  parish  church  of 
Leominster,  in  Herefordshire,  a  moveable  ducking 
stool  (upon  wheels)  for  women,  and  the  last  time 
that  it  was  used  was  about  seventy  years  ago,  to  a 
woman  of  the  town  named  Jane  Corran,  but  often 
called  Jenny  Pipes.  J.  R.  H. 

Birkenhead,  Cheshire. 

Crooked  Naves  (2"''  S.  i.  499.)  —  It  is  some- 
where said,  that  before  our  pious  ancestors  com- 
menced the  construction  of  a  church,  the  first  ray 
of  the  rising  sun  was  sedulously  watched,  and  the 
east  end  was  then  so  planned  as  to  catch,  through 
future  ages,  the  first  dawn  of  that  light  which 
blessed  and  guided  their  early  labours. 

This  rule,  if  not  fabulous  or  universal,  may 
have  had  some  influence  on  the  builders,  and  oc- 
casioned that  varying  now  sought  to  be  explained 
by  your  correspondents. 

Few  of  the  ancient  churches  vary  more  from 
the  apparently  established  cu|jtiom  than  the  noble 
cathedral  of  Antwerp  ;  but  there,  for  some  reason 
probably  unexplained,  a  brazen  meridian  line  is 
drawn  along  the  pavement :  showing  at  once  the 
cardinal  points,  and  the  deviation  of  the  building 
from  east  to  west.  • 

If  such  a  custom  as  the  one  above  named  ever 
existed,  it  must  have  been  alike  applicable  to  the 
enlargement,  reconstruction,  or  the  reparation  of 
churches  ;  and  from  this  probability,  through  the 
numerous  alterations  at  the  east  end,  Norwich 
cathedral  is  by  no  means  exempt. 

Henry  Davenet. 

Jacob  Behmen  (P'  S.  viii.  13.  246.;  ix.  151.; 
2""  S.  i.  395.  513.)  —While  I  am  as  grateful  as 
any  other  of  your  correspondents  can  be  for  au- 
thentic information  relative  to  the  Teutonic 
theosopher  and  his  remarkable  writings,  I  am  as 


2nd  s.  No  28.,  July  12.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


39 


indignant  as  I  well  can  be  at  the  sneer  in  which 
your  correspondent  Anon,  has  been  pleased  to  in- 
dulj^e  at  the  expense  of  our  own  great  Newton. 
After  an  allusion  to  Malebranche,  in  which  he  is 
said  to  have  drawn  his  all  "  from  one  small  rivulet " 
of  Behmen,  Anon,  tells  us,  "  Of  how  many  other 
originals  (the  Italics  are  his)  also  may  this  be 
truly  said,  from  Newton,  if  not  Harvey,  to  Hah- 
nemann." Let  poor  Hahnemann's  reputation  be 
left  to  the  care  of  those  who  think  it  worth  de- 
fending. I  do  not.  But,  I  cannot  hold  my  peace 
when  I  find  an  anonymous  mystic  assailing  the 
fame  of  Newton.  Newton  a  borrower  from  Beh- 
men ?  The  thing  is  supremely  ridiculous.  I 
agree  with  Anon,  in  saying  that  "  a  magic  under- 
standing is  needful "  for  the  comprehension  of 
Behmen.  Newton  had  no  magic  about  his  under- 
standing. His  was  the  strong  vigorous  English 
common  sense,  and  practical  as  well  as  theoretical 
English  genius.  Some  evidence,  at  least,  will  be 
necessary  to  convince  me  that  lie  drew  any  of  his 
Principia  from  the  vapours  of  the  great  mystic  — 
something  more  than  the  ipse  dixit  of  Anon.  Let 
that  correspondent  either  make  good  or  retract : 
let  him  cite  from  Behmen  a  statement  of  the  law 
of  iniiversal  gravitation,  or  let  him  sit  on  the 
stool  of  repentance  for  having  without  evidence 
uttered  a  sneer  at  the  originality  of  Newton. 
There  is  no  middle  course  for  a  lover  of  truth. 

C.  Mansfield  Jngleby. 
Binningham. 

Mayor  of  London  in  1335  (2°"  S.  i.  353.  483.) 
—  In  Stow's  Survey  of  London,  edited  by  Strype, 
1720,  Reginald  at  Conduit  is  stated  to  have  been 
mayor  in  1334,  and  a  note  by  Strype  in  the  margin 
of  the  entry  says  : 

"  He  served  two  years  and  impaired  his  estate  thereby. 
King  Edward  III.  gave  him  a  yearly  rent  of  houses  in 
London.    J.  S." 

W.  H.  W.  T. 

Somerset  House. 

Parochial  Libraries  (2"^  S.  i.  459.) — In  ad- 
dition to  those  you  have  noticed  you  may  insert  — 

Parish  of  Crundal,  Kent.  (I  do  not  know  the 
date.) 

Parish  of  Elhaofc  Kent,  founded  by  Lee  Warly, 
Esq.,  in  1808.  EDwiiiD  Foss. 

Numerous  Families  (2"''  S.  i.  469.)  —  I  have  not 
access  to  Thoresby's  History  of  Leeds,  and  cannot 
therefore  ascertain  whether  he  mentions  the  fol- 
lowing particulars  respecting  the  wife  of  Mr. 
William  Greenhill,  cited  by  Mr.  Hackwood. 

In  a  family  paper,  which  must  be  about  100 
years  old,  I  find  Mrs.  Greenhill  noticed  as  having 
had  thirty-nine  children  by  one  husband,  all  born 
alive  and  baptized,  and  all  single  births,  save  one. 
The  last  child  was  born  after  his  father's  death, 
and  lived  to  be  o.  surgeon,   practising  in  King 


Street,  Bloomsbury,  and  author  of  a  work  on 
Embalming  Human  Bodies.  The  family  took  for 
their  crest,  in  commemoration  of  this  singular  fer- 
tility, a  gryphon  with  thirty-nine  stars  on  its  wings. 

Stylites. 

The  following  is  a  verbatim  extract  from  the 
Rejiister  of  Burials  belonging  to  the  parish  of  St 
Mary  the  Pure  Virgin,  at  Marlborough : 

"  John  Jones  (had  31  children  born  and  baptized) 
buried  29  March,  1743." 

Patonce. 

Melrose  Abbey  (2"^  S.  i.  510.)  —  I  have  reason 
to  think  that  no  estimate  was  ever  given  for  the 
restoration  of  the  Abbey  of  Melrose.  A  few  years 
since,  the  Duke  of  Buccleuch  being  anxious  to 
promote  the  erection  of  a  church  for  the  Episco- 
palians of  the  neighbourhood,  I  considered  whether 
it  might  not  be  possible  to  restore  one  of  the  aisles 
of  the  abbey  church  instead.  The  scheme  was 
however  wisely  abandoned,  and  I  designed  the 
present  small  church,  which  was  erected  by  sub- 
scription, his  grace  contributing  largely,  as  well 
as  giving  the  ground.  Benj.  Fibrey. 

English  Translation  of  Aristotle's  "  Organon " 
(2"d  s^  jj  12.)  —  The  only  translation  of  Aris- 
totle's Organon  (excepting  Taylor's,  which  is 
worthless)  is  published  in  Bohn's  Classical  Library. 
The  translator,  Mr.  O.  F.  Owen,  is  said  to  have 
done  his  work  well ;  and  by  his  illustrations  from 
Whately  and  other  logicians,  has  rendered  the 
book  interesting,  even  to  those  who  do  not  want 
to  "  take  it  up."  B.  S.  W. 

The  Tune  the  Cow  died  of  (2"''  S.  i.  375.  500.)  — 
I  see  no  casus  mortis  in  either  of  the  versions 
given  ;  but  the  following,  which  is  as  common  as 
either,  would  explain  the  catastrophe  well  enough : 

"  There  was  an  old  man,  and  he  had  an  old  cow, 
And  he  had  no  fodder  to  give  her, 
So  he  took  up  his  fiddle,  and  played  her  this  tune, 

•  Consider,  good  cow,  consider, 
This  isn't  the  time  for  grass  to  grow, 
Consider,  good  cow,  consider.' " 

Probably  by  "the  tune  the  cow  died  of"  was  ori- 
ginally meant  a  satirical  reference  to  a  good 
reason  being  no  sufficient  substitute  for  a  good 
dinner.  M. 


NOTES    ON    BOOKS,    ETC. 

Although  the  words  "  Printed  for  Private  Circulation 
only  "  on  a  title-page  may  well  serve  to  protect  from  un- 
friendly criticism  the  work  .so  inscribed,  they  surely  may, 
without  impropriety,  be  passed  over  unnoticed  when  they 
appear  in  front  of  a  volume  of  unquestionable  value  and 
importance.  Such  is  the  goodly  quarto,  for  a  copy  of 
which  we  are  indebted  to  the  courtesy  of  the  distin- 
guished nobleman  under  whose  auspices  it  has  been  pro- 


40 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  28.,  July  12.  '56. 


duced,  entitled  Descriptive  Catalogue  of  a  Cabinet  of 
Roman  Family  Coins  belonging  to  His  Grace  tlie  Duke  of 
Northumberland,  K.G.,  bv  Rear- Admiral  William  Henry 
Smj'th,  K.S.F.,  D.C.L.,  F.R.S.,  &c.  There  are  few  socie- 
ties for  the  advancement  of  archaeology  which  cannot  bear 
witness  to  the  good  taste  and  liberality  with  which  the 
Duke  of  Northumberland  promotes  that  important  study : 
and  no  one  who  knows  the  Duke  can  doubt  the  readiness 
with  which  he  accepted  the  suggestion  made  by  Admiral 
Smyth,  that  the  several  cabinets  of  coins  and  medals 
which  had  been  in  the  possession  of  the  Northumberland 
familj'  for  many  years  should  be  carefully  examined  and 
arranged  by  him.  But  the  gallant  Admiral  has  done 
more  than  this.  He  has  not  only  carefully  examined, 
classified,  and  arranged  the  Northumberland  Collection  ; 
but  he  has  given  in  the  work  which  has  called  forth 
these  remarks  —  and  which  is  a  Catalogue  of  the  Roman 
Consular  and  Family  Coins  in  the  Collection  —  a  volume 
replete  with  learning  —  not  only  full  of  elucidation  of 
history,  chronology,  and  geography  generally,  but  par- 
ticularly illustrative  of  the  constitutional  divisions  of  the 
Eoman  people.  Of  the  160  families  here  treated  of,  14 
were  pure  patricians,  2G  patrician  with  plebeian  branches, 
7  equestrian,  91  plebeian,  and  22  whose  order  and  rank 
are  uncertain.  Those  who  know  how  various  are  the 
acquirements  of  Admiral  Smyth,  and  the  fund  of  humour 
with  which  his  learning  is  seasoned  and  set  off,  will 
readily  understand  that  this  Catalogue  is  amusing  as  well 
as  instructive ;  and  as  readily  believe  that  we  are  not 
guilty  of  any  exaggeration  when  we  pronounce  this 
handsome  volume  to  be  alike  creditable  to  the  scholar- 
ship of  Admiral  Smyth  and  the  liberality  of  the  Duke  of 
Northumberland. 

We  have  good  news  for  the  lovers  of  gossip.  A  new 
edition  of  the  Letters  of  Horace  Walpole  is  announced,  in 
which  the  various  letters  of  the  diflferent  collections, 
which  now  occupy  fourteen  volumes,  are  to  be  incor- 
porated into  one  series  —  in  eight.  Now,  therefore,  is 
the  time  for  those  who  have  Notes  to  make,  or  Queries 
which  they  wish  solved,  with  reference  to  the  men, 
manners,  or  events  touched  upon  by  this  Prince  of  Letter 
Writers,  to  let  us  have  them. 

The  Gentleman's  Magazine,  with  which  the  name  of 
Nichols  has  been  so  long  and  so  honourably  connected, 
has  passed  into  other  hands, — the  "great  age  of  the  one, 
and  the  want  of  health  of  the  other  proprietor,"  being  the 
cause  of  the  change.  It  is  now  published  by  Mr.  Parker 
of  Oxford;  and  we  can  scarcely  doubt  that,  under  his 
management,  its  character  a'S  an  antiquarian  and  his- 
torical Magazine  will  be  fully  sustained.  The  opening 
number  is  certainly  a  very  good  one. 

Books  Received.  —  The  Herd-Boy.  A  Fairy  Tale 
for  Christmas  Tyde.  From  the  Swedish  of  Upland.  This 
pleasant  versification  of  a  Swedish  Legend  has,  in  addi- 
tion to  its  own  interests,  the  merit  of  being  so  told  as  to 
make  the  young  persons  for  whom  it  has  been  written  fa- 
miliar with  some  of  the  good  old  English  words  and 
phrases  which  are  to  be  found  in  the  language  of  our 
Praj-er  Book  and  Psalter,  the  authorised  version  of  the 
Bible,  &c. ;  and,  with  this  view,  notes  have  been  added 
in  the  hopes  of  awakening  in  them  a  desire  to  understand 
thoroughly  the  English  language. 

The  English  Bible,  containing  the  Old  and  New  Testa- 
ments according  to  the  Authorised  Version,  newly  divided 
into  Paragraphs.  Part  X.,  S.  Mark  iii.  to  S.  Luke  xii. 
We  have  so  often  spoken  favourably  of  this  new  arrange- 
ment of  our  noble  Authorised  Version,  that  we  may  con- 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


41 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JULY  19,  1856. 
NOTES    ON   THE    FLEUR-DE-LIS. 

{Concluded  from  2"^  S.  i.  410.) 

In  "N.  &  Q,"  P'  S.  ix.  35.  84  113.  225.,  are 
several  notes  from  your  correspondents  on  the 
suV)ject  of  the  F.-d.-L. ;  and  names  of  families,  not 
included  in  the  above  lists,  are  cited  in  connection 
with  this  charge.  Such  are  the  five  bishops  named 
by  Mackenzie  Walcott.  According  to  Heylin, 
Trilleck,  Bishop  of  Hereford  (1275),  founder  of 
Trilleck  Inn,  now  called  New  Inn  Hall,  Oxford, 
is  alone  entitled  to  this  distinction,  as  bearing  the 
arms  of  his  see,  derived  from  S.  Thomas  de  Can- 
telupe,  the  44th  bishop.  Chancellor  of  England 
and  Oxford,  son  of  William  Lord  Cantiloupe,  for 
whom  see  the  third  crusade  under  Richard  I. 
Other  names  are,  France  of  Bostock  Hall,  Chesh- 
ire, Saunders,  Warwyke,  Presterfield,  Kempton, 
Velland,  Rothfeld,  and  references  are  made  to  the 
heraldic  dictionaries  of  Berry,  Burke,  Edmonson, 
Robson,  Glover's  Ordinary,  &c.  I  am  well  aware 
that  there  may  be  many  families  so  distinguished 
which  are  not  included  in  the  "  formidable  array  " 
which  my  lists  supply  from  the  four  sources  al- 
ready described  ;  but  as  I  have  already  trespassed 
too  long  on  your  pages,  and  on  the  patience  of 
your  readers,  I  shall  for  the  present  confine  my- 
self to  a  few  remarks  suggested  by  the  preceding 
Notes ;  and  leave  to  such  of  your  heraldic  cor- 
respondents as  may  have  a  knowledge  I  do  not 
possess,  or  a  facility  of  consulting  many  important 
authorities  not  within  my  reach,  the  task  of  sup- 
plying all  deficiencies.  Of  such  additional  sources 
of  information  it  may  be  sufficient  to  name  here 
the  valuable  Armorial  General  de  la  France,  par 
d'Hozier,  Paris,  1736,  in  ten  folio  volumes  ;  and,  to 
save  time,  many  French  and  English  works  on  this 
subject,  collected  in  the  fifth  volume  of  Brunet's 
Manuel  du  Lib)-aire,  p.  625.,  edit.  1844,  under 
Div.  VI.,  Hist,  de  la  Chevalerie  et  de  la  Noblesse, 
avec  VHistoire  Heraldique  et  Genealogique. 

It  may  be  remarked  that  an  undoubted  French 
origin  in  families  gives  no  title  to  the  distinction 
of  the  F.-d.-L.  This  appears  from  numerous  in- 
stances in  which  the  charge  is  not  borne.  Such, 
among  others,  are  the  names,  Butler,  descended 
from  the  ancient  Counts  of  Brien  in  Normandy  ; 
St.  Leger,  of  French  extraction,  coming  in  with 
the  Conqueror ;  St.  John  (Jean),  also  Norman  ; 
De  Brodrick,  the  same,  under  William  II.  ;  Eg- 
mont,  descended  from  the  Dues  de  Bretagne ; 
Moore,  of  French  extraction,  soon  after  the  Con- 
quest;  Fortescue,  from  the  Norman  Sir  Richard 
le  Forte  ;  Hervey,  coming  from  France  with  Wil- 
liam the  Conqueror,  descended  from  the  younger 
son  of  Henri,  Duke  of  Orleans ;  Harcourt,  also 


from  Normandy,  besides  many  others.  It  may  be 
said  that  most  of  these  were  of  Norman  descent, 
and  that  the  arms  of  Normandy  were  G,  2  L.  P. 
G.  or.  But  it  cannot  be  strictly  ascertained 
whether  all  these  families  were  exclusively  Norman ; 
and  among  the  Norman  Crusaders  (1096 — 1269) 
are  many  bearing  the  F.-d.-L.  Such  is  also  the 
case  with  the  names  Beliasyse,  St.  Maur,  Disney, 
&c.  In  the  above  category  are  also  many  names 
which,  though  strictly  French,  have  correspondent 
names  in  English,  and  are  now  absorbed  in  our 
genealogical  catalogues  as  part  and  parcel  of 
our  native  patronymics,  I  may  hereafter  give  a 
curious  list  of  these  correspondences,  which  have 
been  noted,  for  amusement,  in  the  course  of  a  pro- 
gress through  ancient  French  history. 

In  perusing  the  above  lists,  it  is  obvious  that, 
saving  the  unquestionable  claim  from  royal  de- 
scent or  alliance,  very  few  indications  appear  of 
the  grounds  on  which  this  royal  charge  is  assumed 
in  so  many  British  shields.  The  true  Norman 
race  bore,  as  above  stated,  G.  2  L,  P.  G.  or ;  the 
Saxon  line,  G.  3  L.  P.  G.  or  ;  and  in  1326,  Ed- 
ward IIL  assumed  quarterly  France  and  England, 
giving  the  first  place  to  France  :  thus  (1.  and  4.), 
az.  seme  de  Lis  (3.  2.  3.),  and  (2.  3  ),  gu.  3  L. 
P.  G.  or.  On  this  ground,  I  formerly  ventured 
to  object  to  the  accuracy  of  Heylin's  blazon  of 
the  arms  of  Henry  I.,  Beauclerc.  This  objection, 
however,  rested  on  a  mistaken  appropriation  of 
the  arms,  pi.  iii.  f.  20.  ;  which,  though  placed  so 
early  as  p.  16.,  had,  in  fact,  a  reference  to  p.  150., 
and  to  Charles  Beauclerk,  E.  of  Burford,  created 
D.  of  St.  Albans,  35  Chas,  IL,  1684. 

It  has  appeared  that,  though  they  are  recorded 
as  an  ornament  of  the  crown  of  previous  sove- 
reigns, no  Fs.-d.-L.  were  borne  by  Henry  II.  and 
Richard  I.;  though,  in  1190-2,  the  latter  sove- 
reign bestowed  on  Richard  Plowden  the  augmen- 
tation of  2  Fs.-d,-L.  fjM-  gallantry  at  the  siege  of 
Acre  (p.  350.).  In  th"same  thii'd  crusade,  as  we 
have  seen,  John  de  Cantelupe,  or  Cantiloupe,  bore 
3  leopards'  heads  jessant  Fs.-d.-L.;  of  which 
bearing  no  further  account  is  given  than  that  it 
descended  to  the  bishopric  of  Hereford. 

In  the  second  crusade  (1146),  under  Louis  VI., 
and  in  the  fourth,  fifth,  and  sixth  crusades,  no 
English  subjects  appear  to  have  borne  the  charge. 
In  the  years  1286-93,  Rauf  Sandwich,  Ld.  M. 
of  London,  first  bore  gu.  a  F.-d.-L.  or  ;  and  from 
those  years  to  the  year  1754,  the  last  recorded  by 
Heylin,  twenty-five  successive  Lords  Mayor  bore 
the  F.-d-L.,  or  R.  T.  Of  this  number,  nine  bore 
one  alone,  others  from  three  to  seme  d.  L.  No 
authority  is  given  for  the  assumption  of  this 
charge  by  the  Lords  Mayor,  In  1297  (25  Edw.  I.) 
the  name  of  Lennard  is  connected  (1.  and  4.)  with 
3  Fs.-d.-L.  In  1307,  John  Barrett  Lennard  was 
created  Lord  Dacre  by  Edw.  II.  But  when,  or 
on  what  ground,  the  above  ch»rge  was  granted,  is 


42 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'>4S.  N<>29.,Jult19.'56. 


not  stated.  So  again,  in  1298,  (27  Edw.  I.,)  the 
same  doubt  exists  as  to  George  Townshend  (see 
Heylin  above),  who  quartered  France  and  Eng- 
land. In  1328,  J.  Holland,  E.  of  Huntington 
(afterwards  created  D.  of  Exeter  by  Richard  II.), 
whose  mother  was  Joan,  widow  of  the  Black 
Prince,  and  who  married  Elizabeth,  eldest 
daughter  to  John  of  Gaunt,  D.  of  Lancaster, 
brother  to  the  Black  Prince,  bore  a  border  of 
France,  13  Fs.-d.-L. 

Of  the  great  dignity  attached,  upon  all  occa- 
sions, to  the  royal  charge  of  the  F.-d.-L.,  frequent 
proofs  may  be  supplied  from  the  preceding  notes. 
In  many  eminent  instances  of  the  grant  being 
conferred  at  the  hands  of  the  sovereign,  a  single 
F.-d.-L.,  or  two,  are  the  only  concession  made ; 
so  as,  in  all  appearance,  to  avoid  a  trespass  upon 
privileges  strictly  royal.  Thus,  under  Richard  I., 
the  grant  to  Plowden  extended  only  to  2  Fs.-d.-L. : 
that  to  the  family  of  Leycester,  under  Richard  II., 
whose  descendant,  in  1544,  a  general  officer,  re- 
ceived the  honour  of  knighthood,  was  2  Fs.-d.-L. 
Under  Edward  IV.,  that  to  Kellett  was  a  single 
F.-d.-L.  Under  Henry  VIIL,  that  to  Gierke  was 
two  ;  that  to  Thomas  Manners,  E.  of  Rutland, 
though  of  royal  descent  from  Edward  IV.,  was 
limited  to  two.  We  have  seen  that  Charles  II. 
restricted  the  bearing  of  the  F.-d.-L.  in  their 
coronets  to  the  royal  dukes.  His  grant  to  Stephen 
Fox  admitted  only  a  single  F.-d.-L.  Queen 
Anne's  grant  to  Shovel  was  of  2  Fs.-d.-L.  Wol- 
cott  (of  Knowle),  of  Norman  extraction,  received 
as  an  augmentation  of  honour,  1  F.-d.-L.,  "  for 
good  service  unto  the  king  (quere,  which  ?)  in 
his  wars,"  though  the  honourable  augmentation 
to  the  D.  of  Marlborough  consisted  of  three. 
Neverthess,  in  looking  at  the  lists  of  the  Landed 
Gentry,  we  find,  in  many  instances,  that  the  grant 
extended  to  3  Fs.-d-L. ;  though  the  ground  of 
such  peculiar  extension  is  not  published.  Thus, 
the  family  of  Disney  beaAhree.  Their  ancestors, 
from  D'Isigny,  D'Isneux,  D'Eisney,  near  Bayeux, 
Normandy,  were  a  knightly  race  of  the  first  sta- 
tion and  influence,  who  came  in  at  the  Conquest. 
The  family  of  Leathes  also  bear  three.  They,  too, 
came  in  at  the  Conquest,  and  are  descended  from 
Mussenden  (Missenden),  who  was  Grand  Admiral 
of  England  under  Henry  I. 

The  family  of  Lenigan,  which  dates  from  before 
Hen.  II.,  bear  three.  That  of  Hawkins,  de- 
scended from  the  ancient  Norman  family  of  Ny- 
col,  temp.  Hen.  II.  and  Edw.  III.,  bear  5  Fs.-d- 
L.  The  family  of  Halford,  of  great  antiquity,  and 
dating  from  Hen.  III.,  hut  whose  documents  were 
lost  at  the  Revolution,  bear  3  Fs.-d-L.  That  of 
Birch  (of  whom  more  hereafter),  under  Edw.  III., 
bear  three.  Gilbert  of  Cantley  received  a  grant 
of  three  under  Q.  Elizabeth.  The  same  of  Hill, 
1560,  and  of  Hutton,  1584. 

Under  George  JII.,   Curtis,  Admiral  of  Red, 


created  a  baronet,  in  1794,  for  heroic  achieve- 
ments under  Lord  Howe,  who  had  also  been 
knighted,  in  1782,  for  the  same  at  the  siege  of 
Gibraltar,  received  as  an  augmentation  of  honour 
in  chief  the  Rock  of  Gibraltar,  and  in  base  3 
Fs-d.-L. 

These  are  the  only,  or  the  principal  names,  to 
which  the  honourable  distinction  is  assigned  of  a 
privilege  to  bear  this  charge,  in  the  authorities  to 
which  my  labours  have  extended.  I  have  before 
hinted  that  it  would  be  of  great  historical  interest 
to  learn  from  the  numerous  bearers  of  the  F.-d.-L. 
the  grounds  on  which  such  charge  was  originally 
adopted.  By  favour  of  the  Rev.  Joseph  Birch, 
M.A.,  of  Brighouse,  Yorkshire,  I  have  been  sup- 
plied with  a  copy  of  the  honourable  grant  made 
to  his  ancestor  (above  named)  by  Edward  III.,  for 
services  under  the  Black  Prince,  and  it  has  a 
peculiar  interest,  as  the  only  instance  of  the  con- 
cession of  the  charge  by  the  first  monarch  who 
assumed  the  royal  arms  of  France  : 

"Lieutenant  General  Field  Marshall  John  Birch,  Ge- 
neral in  Chief  of  the  armies  of  his  late  Majesty  Edward 
III.  of  glorious  memory,  who,  in  his  glorious  campaign  in 
the  Kingdom  of  France,  took  three  Kings  of  France 
prisoners,  in  consideration  whereof  his  said  Majesty 
granted  unto  his  said  gallant  commander,  and  his  heirs 
lineal,  and  in  default  of  these  heirs  collateral,  in  his 
right  as  King  of  France,  the  privilege  of  wearing  their 
Fleurs-de-Lis,  in  token  of  the  bravery  of  the  one,  and 
the  generosity'  of  the  other.  In  Testimonium  Veritalis, 
§-c.  §-c." 

The  words  which  follow  are  — 

("Li.     Li.  1 

ILy.  Ly./  ; 

and  remain  a  mystery. 

Here,  then,  I  conclude  a  series  which  has  de- 
veloped itself  to  a  much  greater  length  and  im- 
portance than  I  could  have  expected  when,  in 
Paris,  last  year,  I  originated  the  inquiry  as  to  the 
descent  and  bearings  of  the  Hillier  family  (2""^  S. 
i.  53.),  in  both  of  which  questions  I  am  personally 
interested. 

An  inquiry  conducted  upon  the  same  plan  in 
regard  to  the  various  crosses,  and  especially  the 
cross  crosslet  fitchy,  would  be  an  instructive 
sequel  to  this  on  the  F.-d.-L.  Crosses  were  al- 
ways considered  among  the  honourable  ordinaries, 
and  their  first  use,  as  an  heraldic  bearing,  is  said 
to  have  been  in  the  expeditions  to  the  Holy  Land 
in  the  year  1096.  They  are  now  common  in 
British  shields,  and  are  borne,  it  must  be  pre- 
sumed, by  those  whose  ancestors  were  engaged  in 
one  or  other  of  those  wars  which  disturbed  Europe 
for  178  years,  from  1095  to  1273.  C.  H.  P. 

Brighton. 


2nd  s.  No  29.,  July  19.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


48 


ILLUSTRATIONS   OF    MACAULAT. 

Jacobite  Song.  —  I  copy  the  accompanying  Jaco- 
bite effusion  from  a  contemporary  MS.  Should  it 
not  have  been  printed,  it  may  probably  suit  you 
as  a  Macaulay  illustration.  J.  O. 


"  Lay  by  jt  reason, 

Truely  out  of  season  ; 
Rebellion  now  is  Loyalty,  and  loyalty  is  Treason  : 

Now  forty  one,  S', 

Is  quite  undone,  S"" ; 
A  Subject  then  depos'd  his  king,  but  now  it  is  his  Son,  S''  j 

The  nations  Salvation, 

From  male  Administration, 
Was  then  pretended  by  ye  saints,  but  now  his  abdication. 

IL 

"  Besides  ye  case,  S', 
Bears  another  face,  S' ; 
Billy  had  a  mind  to  reign,  and  Jemmy  must  give  place,  S"" ; 
Rais'd  Insurrections, 
With  base  reflections ; 
And  labour  tooth  and  naile  to  perfect  his  projections ; 
Rebellion  in  fashion, 
Declar'd  throughout  ye  nation ; 
Then  turn'd  his  ffather  out  of  doors,  and  call'd  it  abdica- 
tion. 

III. 
"  A  declaration. 
For  self  preservation. 
Was  spread  abroad  wherein  was  prov'd  a  father  no  rela- 
tion ; 

Monarchy  halters, 
And  abdicators, 
Did  swear  themselves  into  a  league  with  dutchmen,  and 
with  traytors ; 

They  enter,  Indenture, 
Both  soul  and  body  venture. 
Whilst  att  Royal  Jimmy's  head  their  malice  still  did 
center. 

IV. 
"  What  have  we  gained  ? 
Grievances  retained ; 
The  Government  is  still  ye  same,  ye  king  is  only  changed ; 
Was  ever  such  a  bargain. 
What  boots  it  a  farthing. 
Whether  ffather  Petre  rule,  Benting,  or  Carmarthen ; 
Oppressed,  distressed. 
With  Empty  Purse  Carressed, 
We  still  remain  In  Statu  quo,  their's  nothing  yett  re- 
dressed. 

V. 
"  Baile  for  Treason, 
Now  is  out  of  Season ; 
And  judges  must  bee  Courtiers  still  against  all  right  and 
reason ; 

Nay,  more,  I'll  mention. 
Ye  Senate  hath  a  pension, 
Which  overthrowes  the  contracts  made  with  ye  Select 
Convention ; 

Thus  wee,  S"",  you  see,  S"", 
Come  off  by  ye  bee,  S'' ; 
Wee  give  our  money  to  bee  Slaves,  Instead  of  being  free, 
S^ 

VI. 
"  Never  was  Beetle, 
Blind  as  this  people ; 
To  think  that  God  will  own  a  Church  with  a  Socinian 
Steeple ; 


By  Priests  deceived. 

That  have  brought  themselves  into  that  pass  ne'er  more 
to  be  believed ; 

They  leer,  S',  for  fear,  S^, 

Ould  Jemmy  should  come  here,  S^ 

And  then  they'll  all  repent  that  ere  they  took  ye  swear, 

VIL 
"  Alas !  what  is  Conscience, 
In  Sherlock's  own  Sense : 
When  Interest  lyes  att  stake,  an  oath  with  him  is  non- 
sense ; 

The  Temple  Master, 
Fears  no  disaster ; 
He  can  take  ten  thousand  oaths,  and  ne'er  bee  bound  the 
faster, 

And  all  theyr  Cause  Intangle ; 
Yet  nought  can  hold  ye  wretch  but  ye  old  Triangle. 

VIIL 
«  For  holy  Cause,  S' , 
You  may  break  all  lawes,  S""; 
For  perjury,  nor  treason,  then  do  signify  two  strawes,  S', 
So  bad  our  Case  is. 
We'd  better  far  bee  papist ; 
For  now  Socinians  rule  the  Church,  and  they'r  rul'd  by 
an  Athiest : 

The  nations  damnation. 
Was  their  last  reformation ; 
Either  you  must  take  ye  Swear,  or  starving,  leave  yr 
Station. 

"  FINIS." 


"  GREAT   EVKNTS   FROM   LITTLE    CAUSES    SPRING. 

Blaise  Pascal  says,  with  a  Rabelaistic  humour 
that  is  not  his  wont,  "  si  le  nez  de  Cldopatre  eut 
ete  plus  court,  toute  la  face  de  la  terre  aurait 
change."  And  copious  are  the  instances  that 
might  be  cited  in  exemplification.  The  subjoined, 
as  pertaining  to  our  English  history,  curiously 
illustrate  this  truth  of  the  momentous  flowing 
from  the  trivial,  the  great  from  the  minute,  and 
offer  us  a  field  of  speculation  on  the  proximate 
and  impelling  motive^  influencing  that  single  will 
which,  electing  one  scale,  thus  made  the  balance 
kick  the  beam  with  consequences  so  signal  to 
future  generations.  Perchance,  even  the  slightest 
dyspepsia  or  neuralgia  may,  in  the  chain  of 
causes,  account  for  that  single  vote,  or  that  "  mis- 
take," which  gave  us  the  ferial  observance  of  our 
Anglican  calendar  —  a  statute,  the  safeguard  of 
British  freedom,  —  and  the  blessings  of  stability  in 
the  firm  yet  mild  sway  of  the  line  of  Brunswick : 

1.  "  Bishop  Burnet  stated  that  the  Habeas  Corpus  Act 
passed  by  a  mere  mistake ;  that  one  peer  was  counted  for 
ten,  and  that  made  a  majority  for  the  measure."  —  Earl 
Stanhope's  Speech  before  the  House  of  Peers,  on  the  Abju- 
ration Bill,  June  24,  1856. 

2.  "  The  authority  upon  which  the  Saints'  days  stood 
in  our  Calendar  ought  to  be  considered.  At  the  begin- 
ning of  the  reign  of  Elizabeth,  when  the  Protestant  re- 
ligion was  restored,  the  question  whether  there  should  be 
Saints'  days  in  the  Calendar  was  considered  by  Convoca- 
tion, and  sharply  and  fully  debated.    The  Saints'  days 


44 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2na  s.  No  29.,  July  19.  '56. 


were  carried  only  by  a  single  vote ;  for  69  members  voted 
for  Saints'  days,  58  for  omitting  them."  —  Literary  Re- 
mains of  H.  Fj/nes  Clinton, 

3.  Many  years  ago,  I  was  informed  by  a  well- 
read  man,  my  tutor,  that  the  question  of  the  suc- 
cession of  the  house  of  Brunswick  in  these  realms, 
was  only  decided  by  one  vote. 

I  shall  gladly  receive  any  circumstances  relative 
to  the  latter  case,  if  it  be  confirmed ;  also  any 
other  remarkable  instances  of  similar  character. 

F.  S. 

Churchdown. 


NOVEL  EXPLANATION    OF  THE    USE    OF    THE  IRISH 
ROUND    TOWERS. 

The  origin  of  the  Irish  round  tower  is  involved 
in  as  profound  obscurity  as  that  of  the  Egyptian 
pyramids  ;  and  if  the  latter  extraordinary  monu- 
ments excite  our  curiosity  in  a  country  where  the 
same  gigantic  taste  pervaded  every  work  of  sculp- 
ture as  well  as  architecture,  how  much  more  im- 
pressive is  this  solitary  remain,  that  stands  — 

"  Sublime  and  sad 
Bearing  the  weight  of  years  !  "  — 

Beside  these  buildings,  of  which  more  than  fifty 
are  at  preserit  standing,  the  date  of  whose  form- 
ation is  not  known,  none  others  in  Ireland  de- 
serve notice  as  works  of  art.  On  the  round  tower, 
therefore,  rests  the  only  proof  of  the  skill  and 
knowledge  of  the  early  inhabitants  of  Ireland  ; 
ponderous  masses  of  uncouth  stones,  tumuli  and 
mounds,  being  works  equally  common  to  the  rude 
state  of  other  nations. 

The  conjectures  offered  as  to  the  use  of  the 
round  tower  are  numerous  as  well  as  satisfactory. 
By  some  they  are  supposed  to  have  been  the 
abodes  of  solitary  anchorites ;  by  others,  to  have 
contained  the  sacred  fire  worshipped  before  the 
Christian  era ;  some,  again,  maintain  that  they 
were  places  of  temporary  penance,  and  others  state 
them  to  have  been  belfries ;  nor  does  any  pecu- 
liarity of  situation,  except  in  the  vicinity  of  a 
church,  assist  the  antiquary  in  his  inquiry. 

I  find  the  following  novel  purpose  of  their  erec- 
tion in  one  of  Mr.  Crofton  Croker's  amusing  works 
on  the  reliques  of  Ireland,  as  replete  with  anti- 
quarian lore  as  with  those  quaint  repartees  so 
characteristic  of  the  lower  class  of  the  Irish  pea- 
santry : 

"  Mr.  W -,  of  the  Ordnance,  whilst  on  an  official 

tour  of  inspection  in  Ireland,  seeing  a  labourer  near  one 
of  the  martello  towers  on  the  coast,  carelessly  asked  him 
if  he  knew  for  what  purpose  it  was  built  ?  — 'To  be  sure 
I  do  your  honour,'  replied  he  archly;  'for  the  same  pur- 
pose as  our  ould  round  lowers.'    'And  pray  what  may 

that  have  been  ?'  inquired  Mr.  W ,  in  the  belief  of 

receiving  some  traditional  information.  '  Why,  your 
worship,'  returned  Pat,  '  the  only  use  in  them  that  I  can 
see  is  juat  to  bother  posterity.' " 


Some  extracts  from  the  opinions  of  Vallancey, 
Tanner,  Betham,  Dr.  Petrie,  and  other  Irish  his- 
torians would  be  acceptable  to  many  of  the  readers 
of  "N.  &  Q.,"  as  well  as  a  subject  worthy  of  dis- 
cussion in  its  pages.  J.  M.  G. 

Worcester. 


SHAKSPBARIANA. 

"  All  the  vjorld's  a  stage ;"  Shdhspeare  and 
Erasmus.  —  The  following  passage  is  from  a  book 
Shakspeare  must  have  read.  Challoner's  Transla- 
tion of  Erasmus's  ^^ Praise  of  Folie"  has,  I  think, 
been  overlooked  by  over-read  commentators  : 

"  So  likewise  all  this  life  of  mortall  men,  what  is  it  els 
but  a  certaine  kynde  of  stage  plaie  ?  Whereas  men  come 
foorthe  disguised  one  in  one  arraie,  an  other  in  an  other, 
eche  plaiying  his  parte,  till  at  last  the  maker  of  the 
plaie  or  bokebearer,  causeth  them  to  avoj'de  the  skaf- 
folde,  and  yet  sometyme  maketh  one  man  come  in,  two 
or  three  tymes,  with  sundrie  partes  and  apparaile,  as 
who  before  represented  a  kynge,  beying  clothed  all  in 
purple,  havyng  no  more  but  shyfted  hym  self  a  little, 
shoulde  shew  hym  selfe  againe  lyke  an  woobegon- 
myser." — The  Praise  of  Folie.  Morise  Encomium:  a 
booUe  made  in  latine  by  that  great  Gierke  Erasmus  Ro- 
terodame.  Englished  by  Sir  Thomas  Chaloner,  knight, 
Anno  MDXLix.  (1549).     P.  43. 

As  a  proof  of  Shakspeare's  knowing  the  book, 
I  select  the  following  additional  extract : 

"  Seying  all  Doctours  take  it  commenly  for  theyr  pri- 
velege  to  ned  -xxt  leaven  (that  is  to  saie)  holy  writ  like 
a  cheverell  skin." 

Who  does  not  remember  the  Fool's  saying  : 
"  A  sentence  is  but  a  ckeveril  glove  to  a  good  wit." 

The  following  passage  from  Erasmus  seems  to 
well  illustrate  the  behaviour  of  Hamlet  when 
lying  at  Ophelia's  feet :  — 

"  Post  hasc  prandium,  a  prandio  stationes,  nugis  face- 
tiseque,  sparsim  procumbent  puellsa,  in  harum  gremium  se 
conjicient  viri.  Quae  neminem  repellit  maxime  laudatur 
a  civilitate." —  Erasmus,  Christiani  Matrimonii  Insti- 
tutio.    Fol.    Lugd.    Pp.  716,  717. 

G.  W.  T. 


"  RacJie"  or  "  Wreck,'^  Shakspeare,  "  Tempest,"^ 
Act  IV.  Sc.  1.  (2"^  S.  i.  425.)  —  Sometimes  we 
may  justly  exclaim,  "  plague  on  critics  !"  who  will 
puzzle  us  with  their  logomachies,  and  who  will 
not  be  satisfied  to  obey  the  old  admonition,  "  let 
well  alone."  While  1  read  the  article  of  your 
correspondent,  I  accidentally  take  a  peep  from 
my  window  ;  and  over  the  top  of  the  lofty  Ben- 
lomond,  I  see  dense  masses  of  dark  clouds  which 
have  gathered,  and  are  pouring  out  their  watery 
treasures  —  shortly  a  speck  of  blue  cloud  becomes 
visible  —  this  gradually  more  and  more  expands  — 
the  horizon  is  again  clear — and  not  a  rack  or 
vestige  remains  of  the  former  aspects. 

Now,  I  cannot  help  thinking  that  Shakspeare 


5^"^  S.  N»  29,,  July  19.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


4d 


had  been,  "  once  on  a  time,"  among  the  mountains 
of  Scotland,  and  had  witnessed  the  many  beauti- 
ful phenomena  which  their  tops  often  put  on  in 
their  misty  "  cloud-capp'd  towers"  and  "  gorgeous 
palaces"  —  that  he  had  carefully  watched  their 
rolling  storms  —  the  dispersing  of  the  vapours 
absolutely  reduced  to  a  film,  leaving  "  not  a  rack 
behind" — all  of  which  had  conveyed  to  his  highly 
sensitive  imagination  one  of  the  most  sublime 
images  with  which  our  poetry  is  graced.  I  have 
also  a  kind  of  idea  that  the  poet  had  heard  the 
people  of  the  northern  country,  in  a  morning  like 
this  (June  4),  alternating  with  sunshine  and 
showers,  using  an  expression  at  this  moment  fa- 
miliar, that  "  the  day  would  rack  up ;"  or,  in  other 
words,  that  the  weather  would  soon  be  settled  and 
dry,  and  nowhere  any  traces  exist  of  the  frowning 
atmosphere,  —  the  force  of  his  simile  upon  a 
native  ear  reminding  one  of  that  which  would  be 
communicated  to  an  Asiatic  in  the  ornate  language 
of  "  the  Song  of  Solomon  :" 

"  For  lo  the  winter  is  past,  the  rain  is  over  and  gone, 
the  flowers  appear  on  the  earth,  the  time  of  the  singing 
of  birds  is  come,  and  the  voice  of  the  turtle  (dove)  is 
heard  in  our  land,"  &c. 

I  have  no  doubt  but  that  rack  was  the  true 
word  employed  by  Shakspeare ;  and  that  his  com- 
mentators, however  learned  and  ingenious  they 
may  be,  do  him  infinite  injustice  by  such  emend- 
ations as  "track,"  "wrack,"  "reek,"  &c.  The 
lines  of  the  Earl  of  Stirling,  who  could  write 
(1603) — 

"  Those  stately  courts,  those  sky-encountering  walls. 
Evanish  like  the  vapours  of  the  air"  — 

perfectly  explain  Shakspeare's  metaphor,  that 
nobleman  having  been,  before  his  creation  by 
James  I.,  Sir  William  Alexander  of  Menstrie  (a 
village  situated  at  the  base  of  the  Ochil  Hills), 
and  to  whose  eyes  the  appearances  he  describes 
must  have  been  of  common  occurrence.        G.  N. 

Allow  me  to  add  a  little  in  confirmation  of  Q.'s 
argument,  by  subjoining  to  it  the  two  following 
quotations  from  the  same  play,  The  Tempest,  in 
which  the  disputed  reading  occurs  : 

"  Alon.  If  thou  beast  Prospero 
Giiie  us  particulars  of  thy  preservation. 
How  thou  hast  met  ns  heere,  whom  three  howres  since 
Were  wrackt  vpon  this  shore." 

Tempest,  Act  V.  So.  1. 
"  Pros.  Know  for  certain 

That  I  am  Prospero,  and  that  very  Duke 
Which  was  thrust  forth  of  Millaine,  who  most  strangely 
Vpon  this  shore  (where  you  were  wrackt)  was  landed 
To  be  the  Lord  on't." 

Id.ib. 

E. 


Faxsage  in  "  AlVs  Well  that  Ends  Well"  (2"^  S. 
i.  494.)  —  A  sense  may  be  found  in  the  quoted 
lines,  although  not  a  very  poetical  one.    John- 


son and  Malone  (see  their  notes)  are  wrong, 
and  so  is  Mr.  Singer,  in  their  personification  of 
"  hate."  They  consider  "  sleeping  hate "  and 
"dreadful,  revengeful,  ruthless  hate"  as  being 
synonymous,  and  so  their  meaning  must  be,  that, 
it  hate  had  not  slept,  the  mischief  would  not  have 
been  done  ;  but  that  is  an  error  in  calculo :  "hate," 
of  course,  can  only  be  active  when  awake ;  sleep- 
ing, he  is  —  like  Anteus  lifted  up  from  his  mother 
earth  —  without  force,  and  so  is  "love."*  "Hate" 
and  "  love,"  directed  towards  the  same  object,  can 
not  be  awake  at  the  same  time. 

What  I  have  found  in  the  two  lines  is  this : 
"  Love  "  fell  asleep,  and  by  this  fact,  and  in  the 
same  moment,  "  hate  "  was  awaking,  and  did  mis- 
chief, profiting  by  "  love's  "  sleep.  Too  late,  after 
"hate"  being  tired,  " love "  awakes,  and  "cries 
to  see  what's  done,"  while,  at  the  same  time, 
"  shameful  hate  "  like  a  gourmand,  surfeited  by  a 
luxurious  repast,  "  sleeps  out  the  afternoon." 

If  that  is  not  poesy,  at  least  it  is  sense. 

F.  A.  Leo. 

Berlin. 


Kneller's  Portrait  of  Shakspeare. — In  Dryden's 
Poem  to  Sir  Godfrey  Kneller,  printed  in  the  4th 
volume  of  the  Miscellany  Poems,  the  poet  speaks 
of  a  portrait  of  Shakspeare  painted  by  and  given 
to  him  by  Kneller  : 

"  Shakspeare  thy  Gift,  I  place  before  my  sight ; 
Witli  Awe,  I  ask  his  blessing  e're  I  write;  ^ 

With  Reverence  look  on  his  Majestick  Face ; 
Proud  to  be  less ;  but  of  his  Godlike  Race. 
His  Soul  inspires  me  while  thy  Praise  I  write, 
And  I  like  Teucer,  under  Ajax  fight ; 
Bids  thee,  through  me,  be  bold ;  with  dauntless  breast. 
Contemn  the  bad,  and  emulate  the  best,"  &c. 

And  a  side  note  on  the  first  words  refers  to  — 

"  Shakspeare's  Picture,  drawn  by  Sir  Godfrey  Kneller, 
and  given  to  the  author." 

Is  anything  known  of  this  picture  at  the  present 
time  ?  From  what  did  Kneller  make  his  copy  ? 
as  it  is  not  likely  he  would  have  taken  the  trouble 
to  copy  a  picture  without  being  first  satisfied 
that  it  was  a  genuine  portrait.  K.  P.  S. 


tOVmCAh  POEJt. 

As  the  political  squibs  of  the  last  century  are  thought 
worthy  of  being  collected,  I  send  you  a  copy  of  verses, 
the  appearance  of  which  bear  witness  to  its  having  been 
written  at  the  time  when  the  subject  it  refers  to  was 
of  recent  occurrence.      I  am  not  aware  whether  it  has 

*  See  as  analogous :  F.  A.  Leo,  BeitrOge  und  Verbesser- 
ungen  zu  Shakespeares  Drameti  nach  handschriftlichen 
Anderungen,  &c.  &c.,  1853,  Berlin,  A.  Asher  &  Co.,  page 
iSO,  some  remarks  about  the  word  "invisible." 


46 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'">  S.  No  29.,  July  19.  '56. 


ever  been  published,  but  at  least  I  suppose  it  in  few 
hands. 

Jonathan  Couch. 
Polperro. 

Now  Phabus  did  y*  world  w***  frowns  swrvey, 
Dark  wear  y®  Clouds,  and  dismal  was  y®  day, 
When  pensive  Harley  from  y®  Court  returnd  ; 
Slow  by  his  Chariot  mov'd,  as  that  had  mourn'd. 
Heavy  the  mules  before  y*  statesman  goe, 
As  dragging  an  unusual  weight  of  woe  ; 
Sad  was  his  aspect,  and  he  waking  dreams 
Of  plots  abortive  and  of  rvin'd  schemes ; 
Like  some  sad  youth,  whose  greifs  alone  survie. 
Mourns  a  dead  mistress  or  a  wife  alive. 
Such  looks  would  Russels  Funeral  Trump  grace. 
So  Notingham  still  looke,  w*  such  a  dismal  face. 
To  Kensington's  high  tower,  bright  Masham  flyes, 
Thence  she  affar  y^  sad  procession  spyes  ; 
Whear  y*  late  statesman  dos  in  sorrow  ride. 
His  Welsh  supporter  mourning  by  his  side. 
At  wich  her  boundless  grief  sad  Cryes  began. 
And  thus  lamenting  thro  the  Court  she  ran  : 
•'  Hither,  yee  wretched  Toryes,  hither  Come, 
Behold  y*  Godlike  Hero's  fatal  doom. 
If  e're  yee  went  with  ravishing  delight 
To  hear  his  Banter  and  admire  his  Bite, 
Now  to  his  sorrow  yeild  the  last  releif, 
Who  once  was  all  your  hopes  is  now  your  grief. 
Had  this  Great  Man  his  envy'd  Post  enjoy' d, 
Torys  had  rul'd  and  Whiggs  had  been  destroy'd  : 
Harcourt  the  mace  to  which  he  long  aspir'd 
Had  now  possess'd,  and  Cowper  had  retir'd ; 
Sunderland  had  been  forc'd  his  place  to  quitt. 
Which  St.  Johns  had  supplyd  with  sprightly  witt ; 
Sage  Hanmer  passing  Court  employment  by 
Had  ruld  the  Coffers  Toryes  to  supply. 
Gower  had  shin'd  with  rich  Newcastle's  seal. 
And  Harley's  self  (to  shew  his  humble  zeale) 
Had  been  contented  with  that  triffling  wand 
Which  now  dos  mischeif  in  Godolphin's  band  : 
Our  Fleets  secure  had  been  Rook's  tender  care, 
And  Orraond  had  been  sent  to  Head  the  warr, 
Bleinheim  to  Radnor  had  been  forc'd  to  yeild, 
And  Cardiff  Cliffs  obscur'd  Ramellis'  ffeild." 


Cheap  Travelling  on  Cows.  —  In  an  article  on 
"Fashions,"  m  Encyclopcedia  Britannica,  8th  edit.. 
Part  II.,  vol.  ix.,  the  following  illustration  occurs  : 

"  We  have  never  heard  of  any  one  who  followed  the 
fashion  set  and  advocated  by  Asclepiades,  who  tried  to 
bring  cheap  locomotion  into  general  favour,  and  who 
travelled  about  the  world  on  a  cow,  living  on  her  milk 
by  the  way." 

Since  I  wrote  that  article,  however,  I  have  met 
with  mention  of  a  town  in  which  this  example 
was  followed.  In  the  Voyage  of  Italy ^  by  Richard 
Lassels,  Gent., — a  book  which  was  printed  in  Paris 


in  1670,  and  the  author  of  which  had  made  the 
"  voyage "  five  times  as  tutor  to  "  several  of  the 
English  nobility  and  gentry,"  —  the  subjoined  sin- 
gular instance  may  be  met  with  : 

"  I  observed  in  this  town  (Piacenza)  a  valuable  piece 
of  thriftiness  used  by  the  gentlewomen,  who  make  no 
scruple  to  be  carried  to  their  country  houses  near  the 
town  in  coaches  drawn  by  two  cows  yoked  together. 
These  will  carry  the  Signora  a  pretty  round  trot  unto  her 
villa ;  they  afford  her  also  a  dish  of  their  milk,  and,  after 
collation,  bring  her  home  again  at  night,  without  spending 
a  penny." 

J.  DoRAN. 

An  Advertisement.  —  Whether  this  advertise- 
ment, which  I  have  as  a  printed  post-bill,  was 
ever  posted  on  the  walls  of  Coleraine  I  know  not, 
but  it  possesses  sufficient  peculiarities  of  phrase  to 
be  preserved  in  "  N.  &  Q."  as  a  curiosity.  S. 

«  To  he  Let, 
To  an  Oppidan,  a  Ruricolest,  or  a  Cosmopolitan,  and  may 

be  entered  upon  immediatelj'. 
The  House  in  Stone  Row,  lately  possessed  by  Capt. 
SiREE.  To  avoid  Verbosity,  the  Proprietor  with  Com- 
pendiosity  will  give  a  Perfunctory  description  of  the 
Premisses,  in  the  Compagination  of  which  he  has  Sedu- 
lously studied  the  convenience  of  the  Occupant  —  it  is  free 
from  Opacity,  Tenebrosity,  Fumidity,  and  Injucundity, 
and  no  building  can  have  greater  Pelluciditj'  or  Trans- 
lucency  —  in  short  its  Diaphaneity  even  in  the  Crepuscle 
makes  it  like  a  Pharos,  and  without  Laud,  for  its  Agglu- 
timation  and  Amenity,  it  is  a  most  Delectable  Commo- 
rance;  and  whoever  lives  in  it  will  find  that  the  Neigh- 
bours have  none  of  the  Truculence,  the  Immanity,  the 
Torvity,  the  Spinosity,  the  Putidness,  the  Pugnacity  — • 
nor  the  Fugacity  observable  in  other  parts  of  the  town, 
their  Propinquity  and  Consanguinity,  occasions  Jucundity 
and  Pudicity  —  from  which  and  the  Redolence  of  the 
place  (even  in  the  dog-days)  they  are  remarkable  for 
Longevity.  For  terms  and  particulars  apply  to  James 
Hutchison  opposite  the  Market  House." 

«  Colerain,  30th  September,  1790." 

Cat  Worship.  —  The  cat,  which  old  ladies  love 
and  cherish  with  Egyptian  fondness,  but  with  just 
enough  of  romance  in  their  affection  to  acquit 
them  of  idolatry,  was  one  of  the  sacred  animals 
before  which  that  people  bowed  in  worship  to 
their  sidereal  deities.  It  seems  to  have  owed  its 
consecration  and  divine  honours  to  a  peculiar 
physical  attribute,  the  contractibility  and  dilatability 
of  the  pupil  of  the  eye,  exhibiting  so  mysterious 
an  illustration  of,  and  (as  a  matter  of  course) 
relation  to  the  moon's  changes,  as  to  give  rise  to 
the  notion  that  the  animal  shared  in  some  degree 
the  influence  of  that  luminary !  I  do  not  know 
whether  there  was  any  correspondence  in  point  of 
time  in  these  supposed  ocular  demonstrations  of 
the  lunar  phases,  to  give  birth  to  so  monstrous  a 
superstition.  F.  Phillott. 

Pronunciation  of  English  Words  ending  in  -il. 
—  There  are  very  few  words  with  this  termination 
in  English :  five  only  occur  to  my  recollection, 
peril,  civil,  council,  evil,  and  devil.    Of  these  the 


2°<i  S.  NO  29.,  July  19.  '56;i 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


47 


three  first,  as  derived  from  French  words  of  the 
same  termination,  are  always  pronounced  as  if 
they  ended  in  -ill. 

But  until  lately  the  two  last  were  always  pro- 
nounced as  they  would  have  been  had  they  been 
written  respectively  evle  and  devle  ;  and  I  believe 
that '  they  were  rightly  so  pronounced,  with  re- 
ference to  their  etymologies.  They  are  neither  of 
them  derived  from  foreign  words  which  have  i  in 
the  last  syllable  ;  evil  is  the  Saxon  yrel,  and  devil 
the  Saxon  beopul,  contracted  beopl,  and  in  the  ad- 
jective form,  beoplio.  So  in  the  German  the  words 
are  teu/el  and  iibel,  both  ending  in  the  same  ob- 
scure sound  which  we  give  to  le  when  those 
letters  follow  another  consonant  as  a  termination. 

Within  a  few  years  a  change  has  taken  place, 
but  I  never  could  hear  any  cause  alleged  for  the 
change,  except  a  desire  to  assimilate  these  two 
words  with  other  English  words  ending  in  the 
same  letters. 

To  make  the  pronunciation,  when  long  and  rea- 
sonably established,  yield  to  the  letters,  seems  to 
me  a  very  unphilological  proceeding.  Our 
American  brothers,  indeed,  pronounce  to  as  if  it 
were  written  toe,  and  the  last  syllable  of  genuine 
as  they  do  the  word  wine,  &c.  But  knowing,  as 
we  do,  how  very  inconsistent  our  orthography  is 
with  our  certain  and  established  pronunciation,  it 
would  surely  be  wiser  (if  we  are  to  make  changes) 
to  accommodate  our  letters  to  our  sounds,  than  to 
pervert  our  sounds  for  the  sake  of  the  letters. 

E.  C.  H. 

"Anfiquites  du  Bosphore  Cimmerien" — Antiqui- 
ties of  the  Cimmerian  Bosphorus,  preserved  in  the 
Museum  of  the  Hermitage  ;  published  by  order  of 
the  Emperor,  St.  Petersburg ;  printed  at  the 
printing  offices  of  the  Academy  of  Sciences,  1854 
seq.,  3  vols.,  fol.  (plates). 

This  splendid  work,  containing  the' representa- 
tions and  description  of  some  Crimean  remnants  of 
the  goldsmith's  art,  &c.,  of  the  best  Greek  period, 
is  intended  as  a  present  for  princely  personages, 
the  public  libraries,  and  art-institutions  of  Europe. 
I  shall  give  a  review  of  it  in  one  of  the  art- 
journals  here.  Dr.  J.  Lotskt,  Panslave. 

15.  Gower  Street,  London. 

Stencilled  Books.  —  A  book  on  vellum  was  given 
to  me  some  time  back,  which  was  described  in  the 
catalogue  as  "  Missce  falienses  ex  domu  Chante- 
loup,  a  beautifully-written  MS.,  1751."  Upon 
looking  carefully  into  the  book,  I  found  it  was 
not  written  but  stencilled,  and  then  carefully 
finished  with  a  pen.  I  never  have  seen  a  sten- 
cilled book  except  this,  and  so  have  made  a  note 
of  it.  There  were  other  copies  of  this  taken,  for  I 
met  with  one  in  a  recent  catalogue.  Can  any  of 
your  correspondents  give  other  instances  of  this 
process,  and  explain  the  title  of  this  book  ? 

J.  C.  J. 


Jews'  J9rea<f.— Dipping  into  the  Plantarium  of 
my  favourite  Cowley,  J  find  it  noted  that  "  in  old 
time  the  seed  of  the  white  poppy,  parched,  was 
served  up  as  a  dessert."  By  this  I  am  reminded, 
that  white  poppy-seeds  are  eaten  to  this  day  upon 
bread  made  exclusively  for  Jews.  The  "twist" 
bread  is  generally  so  prepared,  by  brushing  over 
the  outside  crust  with  egg,  and  sprinkling  upon  it 
the  seed.  John  Times. 

Sloane  Street. 

Clandestine  Opening  of  Letters  in  the  last  Cen- 
tury. —  Goethe,  when  discussing  after  the  general 
peace  of  1815,  some  political  subjects  with  Luden, 
the  historian,  made  to  him  the  following  rather 
uncomplimentary  observation :  "  You  must  not 
suppose  that  any  thing  which  you  have  broached 
to  me  has  not  before  attracted  my  attention." 
That  the  clandestine  opening  of  letters  by  some 
or  other  post  offices  was  then  well  known,  and 
guarded  against,  we  perceive  from  the  following 
letter  written  by  the  great  German  poet,  dated 
Rome,  February  16,  1788  : 

«  Through  the  Prussian  Courier  ( !)  I  received  lately 
a  letter  from  our  Duke,  as  friendly,  loving,  good,  and 
pleasing  as  possible.  As  he  could  write  without  appre- 
hension ( !),  he  described  to  me  the  whole  political  posi- 
tion, his  own,  and  so  on." 

As  the  date  of  Goethe's  letter  refers  to  the  latter 
years  of  the  reign  of  Frederic  II.  of  Prussia  and 
Joseph  II.  of  Austria,  it  is  easy  to  conjecture 
which  of  the  two  powers  then  excited  public  ap- 
prehension. J.  LOTSKT. 

15.  Gower  Street,  London. 


^mxiti* 


FEANCIS    riTTON. 


In  the  chancel  of  the  church  of  Gawsworth,  co. 
Chester,  there  is  a  monument  with  the  recum- 
bent effigy  of  Francis  Fitton,  Esq.,  and  round  the 
edges  of  the  tomb  the  following  inscription  : 

"Here  lyeth  Fraunces  Fitton,  Esquire,  who  married 
Katherine  contes  doager  of  Northumberlond,  and  third 
brother  of  Sir  Edward  Fitton,  deceased,  of  Gawsworth, 
kt.,  lord  president  of  Conough  "  (i.  e.  Connaught). 

On  the  arches  supporting  the  tomb  are  shields 
of  arms,  and  underneath  them  a  headless  skeleton 
lying  in  a  robe.  Can  any  of  your  learned  readers 
inform  me  whether  any  thing  is  known  concern- 
ing this  Francis  Fitton  ?  Does  the  headless 
skeleton  indicate  his  having  met  with  a  violent 
death  in  some  conflict  in  Ireland  in  those  lawless 
days  ? 

There  is  also  a  full  length  portrait  of  this  Fran- 
cis Fitton  in  the  hall  at  Gawsworth,  with  this  in- 
scription round  the  frame  : 

"  Francis  Fyton,  married  w'  Katherine  countes  of  Nor- 
thu'b'.,  dowger,  a"  1588,  eldest  of  the  doughters  and  co- 


4S 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«<J  S.  N"  29.,  July  19.  '56, 


heires  of  Joh'  Neville,  kt,  Lord  Latymer,  being  tbyrd 
sone  of  Edw.  Fyton  of  Gawsworth,  kt.  (who  marled  Mary 
ye  younger  doughter  and  coheir  of  Sir  Vigitt  Harbutell, 
in  'Northu'br.,  kn.,  and  Elenor,  her  elder  sister,  maried 
■w*  S'  Tho.  Percy,  kn.,  afterward  ataynted,  being  father  by 
her  to  'i'ho.  and  Henry  Percy,  knts.,  and  both  in  their 
tymes  earles  of  Northu'br.  and  restored  by  Q.  Mary), 
brother  to  Edward  Fyton,  kn.,  lord  president  of  Conaghte 
and  thresorer  of  Ireland,  and  sone  and  heyre  to  th'  afore- 
said Edward,  which  thresorer  and  his  wife  decessed  in 
Irlonde,  and  lye  both  buried  in  St.  Patric's  church  in 
Dublin." 

Ormerod,  in  bis  History  of  Cheshire,  suggests 
that  the  skeleton  has  probably  reference  to  the 
attainder  of  Sir  Thomas  Percy,  but  why  ?  Per- 
haps after  all  it  is  but  an  emblem  of  mortality. 
Local  tradition  asserts  that  Francis  Fitton  fell  in 
battle,  and  only  his  body,  from  which  the  head  had 
been  severed,  could  be  found.  This  ancient  family 
became  extinct  in  the  direct  line  by  the  death  of 
Sir  Edward  Fitton  in  1643.  Oxoniensis. 


QUERIES    RESPECTING   THE    GAMAGE   FAMILY. 

1.  What  is  the  import  or  etymology  of  the  name 
Gamage  ?  Is  it  of  Saxon  or  of  JNorman  origin,  or 
of  neither? 

2.  What  is  the  coat  of  arms  of  the  family  of 
Gamage,  and  whence  its  origin  ? 

3.  Can  any  traces  of  the  family,  the  disposition 
of  the  family  estates,  titles,  its  origin,  &c.,  be  dis- 
covered ?     If  so,  from  what  sources  ? 

4.  Is  it  possible  from  any  records  of  emigration, 
shipping  and  naval  lists,  to  ascertain  what  branch 
of  the  Gamage  family  emigrated  to  New  England 
about  1700,  or  previously?  and  from  what  port 
they  sailed,  and  where  was  their  place  of  residence 
in  England  previous  to  their  emigration  ?  We 
find  from  a  parish  record  in  Cambridge,  Massa- 
chusetts, that  one  Joshua  Gamage  was  there  in 
1710,  the  date  of  his  marriage  to  a  Deborah 
Wyeth ;  but  when  he  came  from  England  does 
not  appear. 

5.  Can  anything  be  obtained,  by  way  of  family 
history,  from  monumental  inscriptions,  parish, 
church,  and  county,  national  and  heraldic  records, 
and  records  of  knighthood,  grants  of  land,  and 
conveyances  of  estate,  wills,  &c.,  and  where  can 
these  be  found  ? 

6.  Is  there  any  place  named  Royiode,  or  any- 
thing similar,  in  co.  Hertford  (or  Hertfordshire), 
England  ?  and  if  so,  could  not  some  traces  be 
found  of  the  Gamage  family,  provided  their  re- 
sidence was  there ;  or  any  part  of  the  coat  armour 
derived  from  that  place  ?  Royinde  may  not  be 
the  whole  name  of  the  place,  but  the  last  half  of 
it.  The  old  Saxon  word  royd,  meaning  clearing, 
is  a  frequent  termination  of  the  names  of  towns, 
and  was  somet  mes  used  in  connection  with  the 
name  of  a  proprietor,  as  Monkroyd,  Martinrode, 
and  also  Okenrode,  Acroyd,  HoUinsrode,  &c. 


7.  Where  is  Clerhenshalls  in  Scotland,  and  what 
possible  connection  can  that  place  have  with  the 
Gamage  family  or  their  coat  armour  ?  When  was 
Sir  Thomas  Gamage  knighted ;  by  whom,  and 
what  was  the  order  of  his  knighthood  ? 

The  result  of  any  investigations  in  relation  to 
the  Gamage  family  will  oblige  the  inquirer. 

Anox. 


"il  daring  Pilot  in  Adversity ." ^^"From  what 
author  is  the  following  quotation  (made  in  the 
last  page  of  vol.  i.  of  Sir  Robert  Peel's  Memoirs) 
taken : 

" .    .    .    .    When  waves  run  high 
A  daring  pilot  in  adversity  ?  " 

D.  G. 

Aristotle's  Proverbs.  —  The  Rev.  Thomas  Wil- 
son, in  a  lecture  on  the  "Philosophy  of  Proverbs," 
in  the  Popular  Lecturer,  states  that  "  Aristotle 
made  a  collection  of  them."  Is  this  collection  still 
existing  ?     I  never  heard  of  it.  W.  S.  D. 

Ode  by  Lord  Byron.  —  In  an  excellent  collec- 
tion of  fugitive  poetry  of  the  nineteenth  century, 
entitled  The  Laurel,  published  by  Tilt  in  1841,  Is 
an  ode  ascribed  to  Lord  Byron.  It  consists  of 
nine  stanzas,  is  characterised  by  considerable 
merit,  and  is  a  vehement  invective  against  the 
French  people  for  their  desertion  and  neglect  of 
Napoleon  when  fortune  no  longer  attended  his 
arms.     The  first  stanza  is  as  follows  : 

"  Ob,  shame  to  thee,  land  of  the  Gaul ! 

Oh,  shame  to  thj'  children  and  thee! 
Unwise  in  thy  glory,  and  base  in  thy  fall, 

How  wretched  thy  portion  shall  be ! 
Derision  shall  strike  thee  forlorn, 

A  mockery  that  never  shall  die ; 
The  curses  of  hate,  and  the  hisses  of  scorn, 

Shall  burthen  the  winds  of  thy  sky ; 
And  proud  o'er  thy  ruin,  for  ever  be  hurled 
The  laughter  of  triumph,  the  jeers  of  the  world." 

I  should  be  glad  to  know  by  what  authority  thia 
energetic  ode  is  attributed  to  Lord  Byron ;  or  to 
whom  it  may  with  greater  truth  be  ascribed. 

William  Bates. 

Birmingham. 

Prestp.r  John.  —  More  infonnation  respecting 
this  myth  (if  myth  he  is)  is  required  than  is  to  be 
found  in  1»'  S.  vii.  502. ;  x.  186.  Why  do  writers 
cite  the  length  of  his  foot,  rather  than  any  other 
characteristic  he  may  possess  ?  Anom. 

Mr.  Bathursis  Disappearance.  —  Was  anything 
certain  ascertained  relative  to  the  fate  ot  Mr. 
Bathurst,  who  disappeared  mysteriously  during  a 
mission  abroad  in  the  course  of  our  great  war 
against  Bonaparte  ?  I  found,  at  an  old  book- 
seller's in  Paris,  some  years  ago,  the  MS.  journal 
of  Mrs.  Bathurst,  who  was  a  sister  of  Sir  G.  P. 


2«*  S.  No  29.,  July  19.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


49 


Call,  Bart.,  and  banker.  It  is  very  curious  and 
interesting.  I  believe  one  of  her  daupjhters  was 
drowned  in  the  Tiber.     Is  the  other  still  livlnn;  P 

A  Bookworm. 

'■'•  Jokehy''  —  Can  you  tell  me  who  is  the  author 
of  Joheby,  a  bui'lesque  imitation  of  Rokeby,  pub- 
lished in  or  about  1812  ?  The  same  author  pub- 
lished, shortly  afterwards,  a  volume  called  The 
Accepted  Addresses.  R.  J. 

Fellow  of  Trinity.  —  There  is  a  letter  from  the 
Earl  of  Sandwich  to  Garrick  (in  the  2nd  volume 
of  the  Garrick  Correspondeiice,  p.  329.)  regarding 
a  play  written  by  a  gentleman  of  Cambridge.  In 
the  earl's  letter,  which  is  dated  Jan.  8,  1779,  he 
says  regarding  the  author  : 

"  I  believe  he  has  lost  some  emolument  he  had  in 
Trinity  College,  of  which  he  is  a  Fellow,  on  account  of 
his  attachment  to  me,  which  led  him  to  oppose  the 
Master  upon  some  points  in  which  I  interfered,"  &c. 

Could  any  of  your  readers  inform  me  who  was 
the  Fellow  of  Trinity  College  here  alluded  to  ? 

R.  J. 

Was  Addison  a  Plagiarist?  —  I  read  the  other 
day,  that  the  well-known  paraphrase  of  Psalm  xix., 

"  The  spacious  firmament  on  high, 
With  all  the  blue  ethereal  sky,"  &c. 

SO  generally  ascribed  to  Addison,  was  composed 
by  Andrew  Marvel;  and  that  Dr.  Johnson  re- 
peated it  as  his. 

I  know  it  has  been  a  fashion  to  lay  other  men's 
productions  at  Andrew's  door  ;  but  the  object  of 
my  Query  is  to  ascertain  if  there  is  any  well-sup- 
ported charge  of  plagiarism  against  Addison  on 
record.  John  J.  Pbnstone. 

Stanford-in-the-Vale. 

Meaning  of  Hayne.  — What  is  the  explanation 
of  the  word  hayne,  which  forms  the  termination  of 
the  names  of  a  great  many  places,  chiefly  farms, 
in  my  neighbourhood,  such  as  WoodAa^ne,  Cown- 
hayne,  WiUhayne,  and  at  least  a  dozen  others. 

J.  E. 

Temple  at  Baalbec.  —  Who  is  supposed  to  have 
founded  the  Temple  of  the  Sun  at  Baalbec,  in 
Syria  ?  What  ancient  historians  notice  its  origin 
or  existence  ?  And  what  modern  books  are  tliere 
on  the  subject  ?  Hawadji. 

Fossil  Human  Skeleton. — Is  it  true  that  &  fossil 
human  skeleton  was  very  lately  found  in  a  free- 
stone quarry  near  Fondel,  in  Scotland  ? 

W.  Elfe  Tatlek. 

"  The  Philistines."  —  Who  is  the  author  of  The 
Philistines,  or  The  Scotch  Tocsin  sounded,  a  political 
drama,  published  in  1793  ?  R.  J. 

Weldons  of  Swanscomhe,  co.  Kent.  —  I  am  de- 
sirous of  obtaining   all  the  information  possible 


regarding  the  family  of  Weldon,  especially  that 
branch  of  it  which  settled  in  the  county  of  Kent. 
From  Hasted's  History  I  learn  that  the  manor  of 
Swanscombe  was  possessed  by  the  Weldons  from 
the  thirty- sixth  year  of  Henry  VIII.  down  to 
1731.  In  that  year  died  Walter  Weldon,  whose 
heirs  conveyed  their  estate  by  sale  to  Thomas 
IJleehynden,  Esq. 

Can  any  of  your  readers  supply  me  with  the 
further  history  of  the  Swanscombe  Weldons,  and 
bring  down  their  line  to  the  present  day  ?  One 
Colonel  Weldon,  said  to  be  "of  Swanscombe," 
was  living  in  the  year  1827,  and  bore  the  arms  of 
the  family,  which  are  "Argent,  a  cinquefoil  (or 
mullet)  gules  ;  on  a  chief  of  the  second,  a  demi- 
lion  rampant,  issuant  of  the  field,  armed  and 
langued  azure."  H.  E.  W. 

York. 

Fdwai'd  Stanley,  B.A.  —  Could  any  of  your 
readers  give  me  information  regarding  Edward 
Stanley,  B.A.,  who  is  author  of  Elmira,  a  dra- 
matic poem,  printed  at  Norwich  in  1790  ?     R.  J. 

Punishment  for  Striking  in  the  King's  Court. 

"  The  Serjeant  of  the  King's  Wood-yard  brings  to  the 
place  of  execution  a  square  block,  a  beetle,  staple,  and 
cords  to  fasten  the  hands  thereto;  the  j-eoman  of  the 
scullery  provides  a  great  fire  of  coals  by  the  block,  where 
the  searing-irons,  brought  by  the  chief  farrier,  are  to  be 
ready  for  the  chief  surgeon  to  use ;  vinegar  and  cold 
water,  brought  by  the  groom  of  the  saucery;  the  chief 
officers  also  of  the  cellar  and  pantry  are  to  be  ready,  one 
with  a  cup  of  red  wine,  and  the  other  with  a  manchet,  to 
offer  the  criminal.  The  serjeant  of  the  ewry  is  to  bring 
linen  to  wind  about  and  wrap  the  arm ;  the  j'eoman  of 
the  poultry  a  cock  to  lay  to  it;  the  yeoman  of  the  chan- 
dlery seared  cloths ;  the  master-cook  a  sharp  dresser- 
knife,  which  at  the  place  of  execution  is  to  be  held 
upright  by  the  serjeant  of  the  larder,  till  execution  be 
performed  by  an  officer  appointed  thereunto.  After  all, 
the  criminal  shall  be  imprisoned  during  life,  and  fined 
and  ransomed  at  the  king's  will." 

So  far  Chamberlain,  in  his  Present  State  of  Great 
Britain,  1741.  Is  there  any  case  on  record  where 
such  a  sentence  has  been  carried  into  execution 
with  all  its  extraordinary  formalities  ?  WX. 

Minatrost. — A  Correspondent  begs  to  know 
the  meaning  of  the  word  minatrost,  which  is  men- 
tioned in  Charles  Auchester,  vol.  i.  p.  42.  (a  novel). 


Minor  ^uetiei  tait^  ^niixtet^, 

"  The  Little  Whig."  —  Speaking  of  the  theatre 
erected  by  Sir  John  Vanbrugh  on  the  site  of  the 
present  opera-h<iuse  in  the  Haymarket,  called  the 
Queen's  in  honour  of  Queen  Anne,  and  which  has 
always  retained  the  royal  prefix,  Cibber  says  : 

"  Of  this  theatre  I  saw  the  first  stone  laid,  on  which  was 
inscribed  '  The  Little  Whig,'  in  honour  to  a  lady  of  ex- 


50 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nds.  No29.,  JuLYlD. '56, 


traordinary  beauty,  then  the  celebrated  toast  and  pride  of 
that  party."  —  Apology,  ed.  1750,  pp.  257,  258. 

Who  was  the  lady  referred  to  ? 

Charles  Wylie. 

[The  "  Little  Whig  "  was  Anne,  Countess  of  Sunder- 
land, second  daughter  of  the  great  Duke  of  Marlborough. 
This  lady,  who  was  raX'hQT  petite  in  person,  did  not  disdain 
the  cognomen  conferred  upon  her,  at  a  time  when  every- 
thing bore  the  ensigns  of  party  of  one  kind  or  other.  Her 
death  on  April  15,  1716,  is  thus  noticed  in  The  Political 
State  of  that  date  :  "  On  April  15,  about  two  of  the  clock, 
Anne,  Countess  of  Sunderland,  daughter  of  John,  Duke  of 
IMarlborough,  died  of  a  pleuritick  fever ;  a  ladj-,  who  by 
her  personal  accomplishments  outshined  all  the  British 
court,  being  the  general  toast  by  the  name  of  The  Little 
Whig;  who,  for  her  excellent  endowments  of  mind,  good- 
nature, and  affability,  was  justly  lamented  by  all  that 
knew  her;  and  whose  irreparable  loss,  in  a  particular 
manner,  affected  both  her  illustrious  father  and  consort." 
A'uong  the  verses  of  the  Earl  of  Halifax,  given  in 
Tonson's  3Iiscellany,  edited  by  Dryden,  are  the  following 
lines  on  the  Countess  of  Sunderland,  ins(;ribed  on  the 
toasting-glasses  of  the  Kit-Cat  Club  : 

"  All  Nature's  charms  in  Sunderland  appear. 
Bright  as  her  eyes,  and  as  her  reason  clear ; 
Yet  still  their  force,  to  men  not  safely  known, 
Seems  undiscovered  to  herself  alone." 

Dr.  Arbuthnot  in  the  following  epigram  seems  to  de- 
rive the  name  of  this  celebrated  club  from  the  custom  of 
toasting  ladies  after  dinner,  rather  than  from  the  name 
of  the  renowned  pastry-cook,  Christopher  Cat : 

"  Whence  deathless  Kit  Cat  took  its  name 

Few  critics  can  unriddle. 
Some  say  from  Pastry-cook  it  came, 

And  some  from  Cat  and  Fiddle. 
From  no  ti-im  beaux  its  name  it  boasts, 

Grey  statesmen  or  green  wits; 
But  from  its  pell-mell  pack  of  toasts 

Of  old  Cats  and  young  Kits'."'\ 

Marston  Moreton,  co.  BucJis  [JBerf*.?]. —  Sarah, 
Duchess  of  Marlborough,  widow  of  the  great 
duke,  devised  the  manor  and  estate  of  Marston 
Moreton  to  the  Hon.  John  Spencer,  her  grandson. 
Query,  did  he  not  subsequently  change  his  name? 
On  what  account  ?  Whom  did  he  marry  ?  And 
of  his  descendants  ?  James  Knowles. 

[ Marston -Moretaine  is  in  Bedfordshire,  and  according 
to  L3-sons  {Beds,  vol.  i.  p.  114.)  the  Duchess  of  Marlbo- 
rough bequeathed  this  manor,  with  the  rest  of  her  Bed- 
fordshire estates,  to  her  grandson,  the  Hon.  John  Spencer, 
who  also  became  possessor  of  the  manor  of  Dunton  in 
Bucks  by  the  will  of  the  Duchess.  The  Hon.  John 
Spencer,  of  Altborp,  was  the  fourth  and  youngest  son  of 
Charles,  third  Earl  of  Sunderland,  by  Lady  Anne 
Churchill,  the  "little  Whig,"  noticed  in  the  preceding 
article,  and  was  born  Mav  13,  1708 ;  M.P.  for  Wood- 
stock, 1731-2;  Bedford,  1734,  1741,  and  1744;  Hanger 
and  Keeper  of  Windsor  Green  Park.  Obit,  at  Wimbledon, 
June  20,  1746.  He  married  Georgiana  Caroline  Carteret, 
third  daughter  of  the  first  Earl  Granville.  Their  son 
John  was  created,  in  1761,  Viscount  and  Baron  Spencer 
of  Altborp,  and  in  1766,  Earl  Spencer  and  Viscount  Al- 
thorp.  See  any  Peerage,  as  well  as  Lipscomb's  Bucks,  iii. 
342.,  for  the  pedigree  of  the  Spencer  familj'.] 

Port  Jackson. — Fordyce,  in  his  Histoj'y  of 
Durham,  sub  verb.  "Greatham,"  writing  of  Mr. 


Ralph  Ward  Jackson,  the  founder  of  West  Hartle- 
pool, says : 

"  In  honour  of  Mr.  Jackson,  the  last  ship  launched  by 
Mr.  John  Pile  at  Sunderland  was  christened  the  '  Port 
Jackson.'  It  may  be  here  stated  that  Captain  Cook,  the 
great  circumnavigator,  in  order  to  perpetuate  his  grati- 
tude and  friendship  for  Sir  George  Jackson,  Bart,  one  of 
his  earliest  benefactors,"  gave  the  name  of  '  Port  Jackson  ' 
to  the  noble  harbour  he  discovered  near  Botany  Bay,  in 
New  South  Wales,  on  the  6th  May,  1770." 

In  the  Gazetteer  of  the  Woi-ld,  edited  by  a 
Member  of  the  Royal  Geographical  Society,  sub 
verb.  "  Jackson  "  (Port),  it  is  said : 

"This  harbour,  perhaps  the  finest  in  the  world,  pre- 
senting fifteen  miles  of  deep  water,  completely  protected, 
was  overlooked  by  Cook,  who  laid  it  down  in  his  chart  as  a 
mere  boat-liaven.  Captain  Philip  first  explored  it  in  Ja- 
nuary, 1788,  and  bestowed  on  it  the  name  of  the  man  who 
was  on  the  look-out  when  it  was  discovered." 

As  both  accounts  carmot  be  correct,  will  the 
Editor  of  " N.  &  Q,"  or  a  contributor,  say  which 
is  f  R.  W.  Dixon. 

Seaton  Carew,  co.  Durham. 

[After  reading  these  different  accounts  we  are  re- 
minded of  Merrick's  chameleon,  for  "both  are  right,  and 
both  are  wrong,"  in  some  particulars.  The  facts,  we  be- 
lieve, are  as  follow :  Captain  Arthur  Philip,  on  being  ap- 
pointed Governor  of  Botany  Bay,  proceeded  with  three 
boats  and  some  of  his  oflScers  to  examine  what  Captain 
Cook  had  termed  Broken  Bay,  where  the  Hawkesbury 
disembogues ;  but  while  proceeding  thither,  he  resolved 
to  examine  an  inlet,  which,  in  Cook's  chart,  was  marked 
as  a  boat  harbour,  but  apparently  so  small  as  not  to  be 
worth  investigating.  Cook  had  therefore  passed  to  the 
northward,  and  given  the  inlet  the  name  of  Port  Jackson, 
which  was  that  of  the  seaman  at  the  mast-head,  who  first 
descried  it  while  on  the  look-out.  Capt.  Philip  entered 
between  the  lofty  headlands  to  examine  this  "boat  har- 
bour," and  his  astonishment  may  be  more  easily  con- 
ceived than  described,  when  he  found,  not  a  boat  creek, 
but  one  of  the  safest  havens  in  the  world,  where  the 
whole  of  the  British  navy  might  securely  ride  at  anchor. 
—  Consult  R.  Montgomery  Martin's  Colonial  Library, 
vol.  ii.  p.  24.] 

Navigation  by  Steam. — 

"  Earl  Stanhope's  experiments  for  navigating  vessels  by 
the  steam-engine,  without  masts  or  sails,  have  succeeded 
so  much  to  his  satisfaction  on  a  small  scale,  that  a  vessel 
of  200  tons  burden,  on  this  principle,  is  now  building 
under  his  direction.  The  expence  of  this  vessel  is  to  be 
paid  by  the  Navy  Board  in  the  first  instance,  on  condition 
that,  if  she  do  not  answer  after  a  fair  trial,  she  shall  be 
returned  to  Earl  Stanhope,  and  all  the  expence  made 
good  bv  him."  —  Historical  Chronicle  of  the  '■'■Bee"  for 
1792,  p"  23. 

Is  there  any  farther  account  of  the  result  of  the 
experiments  and  of  the  plans  of  this  patriotic  no- 
bleman ?  G.  N. 

[A  similar  account  of  the  earl's  steam-vessel  appeared 
in  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  October,  1792  (p.  956.), 
where  it  is  stated  that  it  was  then  being  built  under  his 
direction  by  Mr.  Stalkart;  but  we  hear  nothing  more  of 
it.  About  this  time,  Robert  Fulton,  an  American,  then 
living  at  Torbay  in  Devonshire,  held  some  correspondence 
with  Earl  Stanhope  on  the  subject  of  moving  ships  by  a 


2°-»  S.  No  29.,  July  19.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


51 


steam-engine.  In  1795,  the  Earl  revived  the  project  of 
Gencvois,  the  pastor  of  Berne,  to  impel  boats  with  duck- 
feet  oars,  but  he  coakl  not  cause  his  vessel  to  move  at  a 
higher  rate  than  three  miles  an  hour.] 


CHARLES   LENNOX,   FIRST   DUKE   OF   RICHMOND. 

(2"''  S.  ii.  5.) 

The  following  account  of  the  Duke  of  Rich- 
mond's reconversion  to  the  English  Church  is  pre- 
served in  Bishop  Kennett's  Collections,  vol.  liv. 
p.  216.  (Lansdown  MS.  988.),  and  is  entitled  : 

"  The  Declaration  of  the  Duke  of  Richmond,  when  he 
was  restored  to  the  Communion  of  the  Church  of  England 
in  Lambeth  Palace,  May  15th,  being  Whit-Sunday,  1692." 

"  Do  you  sincerely,  in  the  presence  of  Almighty  God, 
the  Searcher  of  all  hearts,  and  before  this  assembly,  de- 
clare j'our  hearty  contrition  and  repentance  for  having 
publicly  renounced  and  abjured  the  Reformed  Religion 
professed  in  the  Church  of  England,  in  which  you  were 
baptized  and  bred?  And  that  you  are  truly  sensible 
that  in  so  doing  j-ou  have  grievously  offended  Almighty 
God,  and  given  just  cause  of  scandal  to  others,  for  which 
you  beg  forgiveness  of  God  and  men  ? 

"  Answer.  All  this  I  do  declare  from  my  heart. 

"  Do  you  solemnl}'  retract  the  said  abjuration,  and  now 
sincerely  renounce  all  the  errors  and  corruptions  of  the 
Church  of  Rome;  being  convinced  in  your  conscience, 
that  in  many  of  their  doctrines  and  practices  they  have 
departed  from  the  primitive  Christianity:  particularly, 
do  you  renounce  all  the  new  articles  which  Pope  Pius  IV. 
hath  added  to  the  Apostles'  Creed,  and  which  were  esta- 
blished in  the  Council  of  Trent? 

"  Ans.  I  do  sincerely,  as  in  the  presence  of  God. 

"  Do  you  solemnly  promise  before  God  and  this  con- 
gregation, that  you  will,  by  God's  grace,  continue  sted- 
fast  in  the  profession  you  have  made  to  the  end  of  your 
life? 

"  Ans.  I  promise,  by  the  grace  of  God,  so  to  do. 

"  Do  you  desire  to  be  admitted  to  Confirmation  accord- 
ing to  the  Order  of  the  Church  of  England,  to  the  Com- 
munion whereof  you  are  now  restored  ? 

"  Ans.  It  is  my  desire. 

"  The  Duke  of  Richmond's  Declaration,  subscribed  with  his 
hand,  May  15,  1692. 

"  I,  Charles  Duke  of  Richmond  and  Lenox,  do  sincerely 
in  the  presence  of  Almighty  God,  the  Searcher  of  all 
hearts,  and  before  this  Assembly,  declare  my  hearty  con- 
trition and  repentance  for  having  publicly  renounced  and 
abjured  the  Reformed  Religion  professed  in  the  Church  of 
England,  in  which  I  was  baptized  and  bred.  And  am 
truly  sensible,  that  in  so  doing  I  have  grievously  offended 
Almighty  God,  and  given  just  cause  of  scandal  to  others : 
for  which  I  beg  forgiveness  of  God  and  men.  And  I  do 
solemnly  retract  the  said  abjuration,  and  do  nov/  sin- 
cerely renounce  all  the  errors  and  corruptions  of  the 
Church  of  Rome,  being  convinced  in  my  conscience  that 
in  many  of  their  doctrines  and  practices  they  have  de- 
parted from  the  primitive  Christianity.  Particularly,  I 
do  renounce  all  the  new  articles  which  Pope  Pius  IV. 
hath  added  to  the  Apostles'  Creed,  and  which  were  esta- 
blished in  the  Council  of  Trent.  And  I  do  solemnly 
promise  before  God  and  this  congregation,  that  I  will  by 
God's  grace  continue  stedfast  in  the  profession  I  have  now 


made  to  the  end  of  ray  life.  And  in  testimony  of  this 
my  unfeigned  repentance  and  resolutions,  I  do  hereunto 
subscribe  my  name,  the  15th  day  of  May  1692. 

"  Chaules  Richmond. 

"  In  the  presence  of  Step.  Fox,  James  Chadwick,  Geo. 
Royse,  Ra.  Barker,  A.  Hill,  Ralph  Snow." 

J.  Yeowell. 


ROYAL   regiment   OF   ARTILLERY. 

(2"'»  S.  i.  278.) 

The  following  notice  of  the  distinct  formation 
of  the  Royal  Fusileers  and  Royal  Regiment  of 
Artillery,  will  set  the  question  of  the  identity  of 
these  corps  at  rest.  I  have  inserted  a  quotation 
from  Mr.  Cannon's  Records  of  the  British  Army, 
which  may  be  interesting  to  your  readers. 

R.  R.  A.  will  find  a  history  of  his  regiment  at 
Mr.  J.  W.  Parker's  establishment  in  the  Strand ; 
also  in  Kane's  History  of  the  Royal  Artillery,  in 
the  garrison  library  at  Woolwich  :  — 

"  In  1664  King  Charles  II.  raised  a  corps  for  sea- 
service,  styled  the  Admiral's  regiment.  In  1678  each 
company  of  100  men  usually  consisted  of  30  pikemen, 
60  musketeers,  and  10  men  armed  with  light  firelocks. 
In  this  year  the  King  added  a  company  of  men  armed 
with  hand-grenades  to  each  of  the  old  British  regiments, 
which  was  designated  the  'grenadier  companj'.'  Daggers 
were  so  contrived  as  to  fit  in  the  muzzles  of  the  muskets, 
and  bayonets,  similar  to  those  at  pi'esent  in  use,  were 
adopted'  about  twenty  j-ears  afterwards. 

"  An  Ordnance  regiment  was  raised  in  1685,  by  order 
of  King  James  II.,  to  guard  the  artillerj^,  and  was  desig- 
nated the  Royal  Fusiliers  (now  7th  Foot).  This  corps, 
and  the  companies  of  grenadiers,  did  not  carry  pikes. 

"  Queen  Anne  succeeded  to  the  throne  of  England, 
March  8,  1702  ;  and  during  her  reign,  the  pikes  hitherto 
in  use  were  laid  aside,  and  every  infantry  soldier  was 
armed  with  a  musket,  baj'onet,  and  sword ;  the  grenadiers 
ceased,  about  the  same  period,  to  carry  hand  grenades: 
the  corps  of  Royal  Artillery  was  first  added  to  the  army 
in  this  reign." 

The  first  Colonel-commandant  of  the  Royal 
Artillery  was  Albert  Borgard,  who  was  appointed 
April  14,  1705  ;  and  died  in  1750,  on  March  8  of 
which  year  he  was  succeeded  by  Colonel  William 
Belford. 

The  occasion  of  raising  the  corps  now  known 
as  the  7th  Regiment,  or  Royal  Fusileers,  was  as 
follows.  The  invention  of  gunpowder,  in  1320, 
was  followed  in  1338  by  the  introduction  of  can- 
non ;  but  many  years  elapsed  before  a  corps  of 
artillery  was  added  to  the  army.  The  guns  were 
fired  by  men  hired  for  the  purpose :  non-com- 
missioned officers,  and  soldiers  were  frequently 
employed  as  gunners,  and  the  care  and  protection 
of  the  guns  were  confided  to  particular  corps. 

On  the  augmentation  of  the  army  during  the 
rebellion  of  James  Duke  of  Monmouth,  in  June 
1685,  King  James  II.  resolved  that  the  first  of 
the  newly-raised  infantry  corps  should  be  an 
ordnance  regiment  for  the  care  and  protection  of 
the  cannon,  of  which  corps  his  majesty  appointed 


52 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[2n'iS.  No29.,JuLrl9. '56. 


iGeorge  Lord  Darfmouth  (then  Maeter-jreneral  of 
the  Ordnance)  to  be  colonel,  by  commission  dated 
June  11,  1G85.  At  this  period  the  regular  regi- 
ments were  composed  of  musketeers,  armed  with 
muskets  and  swords ;  of  pikemen,  armed  with 
long  pikes  and  swords ;  and  of  grenadiers,  armed 
with  hand-grenades,  muskets,  bayonets,  swords, 
and  small  hatchets ;  but  in  the  ordnance  regiment 
every  man  carried  a  long  musket  called  a  fusil, 
with  a  sword  and  bayonet  —  from  which  pecu- 
liarity the  regiment  obtained  the  name  of  the 
Royal  Fusileers.  Thus  it  will  be  seen  that  the 
Royal  Fusileers  existed,  as  a  regiment  of  the  Line, 
twenty  years  previous  to  the  formation  of  the 
Royal  Regiment  of  Artillery,  which  never  be- 
longed to  the  Line,  but  was  always  a  separate 
branch  of  the  army.  G.  L.  S. 


PLANTS   IN    SLEEPING   ROOMS. 

(2»'i  S.  i.  433.) 

There  are  two  distinct  and  apparently  opposite 
processes  going  on  in  the  plant: — L  The  decom- 
position of  carbonic  acid  —  the  fixation  of  the  car- 
bon for  the  purpose  of  building  up  its  own  tissues 
- —  and  the  liberation  of  the  oxygen.  This  con- 
stitutes vegetable  nutrition  :  —  11.  The  exhaling 
carbonic  acid,  the  result  of  the  union  of  the  oxygen 
of  the  atmosphere  with  the  carbon  of  the  vegetable 
tissues.  This  is  analogous  to  respiration.  The 
first  of  these  processes  is  not  only  beneficial  to 
animal  life,  but  absolutely  essential  to  its  existence, 
for  as  the  animal  inhales  oxygen  and  exhales  car- 
bonic acid  in  the  process  of  respiration,  if  some 
agency  did  not  work  out  the  reverse  change,  the 
whole  of  the  oxygen  in  the  atmosphere  would  be 
used  up  in  a  certain  length  of  time  (800,000  years 
according  to  Professor  Dumas),  and  animal  life 
consequently  disappear.  But  as  it  is,  animals  and 
plants  are  thus  mutually  dependent  upon  each 
other;  and  this  is  the  case,  not  merely  with  regard 
to  carbonic  acid,  but  also  some  other  compounds, 
such  as  ammonia,  water,  &c.,  which  are  formed  in 
animals  and  decomposed  in  plants.  So  far,  then,  it 
is  healthy  to  have  plants  in  rooms.  But  there  is 
the  second  process  —  a  kind  of  decay,  or  by  some 
looked  upon  as  true  respiration ;  and  as  this  is 
precisely  what  occurs  in  animals,  it  must  of  course 
add  to  the  carbonic  acid  of  the  atmosphere,  and 
thus  produce  an  efiect  prejudicial  to  animal  life. 
If  both  these  processes  were  carried  on  to  the 
same  extent,  the  one  would,  as  a  matter  of  course, 
counteract  the  other,  and  neither  would  pro- 
duce either  good  or  evil  as  to  its  effects  upon  the 
atmosphere.  But  as  the  former,  under  general 
circumstances,  preponderates  excessively  over  the 
latter,  it  is  on  the  whole  healthy  to  live  amongst 
plants.  There  are  circumstances,  however,  in 
which  the  respiratory  process  is  active,  and  the 


nutritive  at  a  stand-still,  and  here  the  influence  of 
the  vegetable  upon  the  atmosphere  will  be  in- 
jurious to  animal  life.  One  of  these  circumstances 
is  the  absence  of  sunshine,  or  daylight  (as  these 
stimuli  are  necessary  to  the  carrying  on  the  process 
of  nutrition  in  the  plant).  It  is  therefore  in- 
jurious, more  or  less,  to  sleep  in  a  room  in  which 
there  are  plants.  Geo.  Sexton,  M.D.,  F.R.G.S. 
Kennington  Cross. 

In  reply  to  C.  T.  B.  I  copy  the  following  passage 
from  The  Handbook  of  Gardening,  by  Edward 
Kemp,  p.  12. : 

"  Plants  convert  tlie  oxygen  and  carbon  which  they 
receive  from  the  soil  and  air  into  carbonic  acid,  which 
they  exhale  at  night.  This  being  a  deadh'  and  dangerous, 
gas  to  human  beings,  plants  and  flowers  are  not  con- 
sidered healthy  in  a  sitting  or  bed  room  during  the  night. 
In  the  day  they  give  off  oxj'gen,  especially  in  the  morn- 
ing, which  is  reputed  to  render  the  morning  air  so  fresh 
and  exhilarating.  They  are  very  useful  in  absorbing 
from  the  air  the  carbon  which  is  so  injurious  to  animal 
life ;  and  they  purify  stagnant  water  in  the  same  way." 

Are  the  above  statements  correct  ?  Do  plants 
perform  by  day  and  by  night  two  contrary  opera- 
tions ? 

In  The  Flower  Garden,  reprinted  by  Mr.  Mur- 
ray, from  the  Quarterly  Review,  the  fear  of  the 
exhalations  from  flowers  at  night  is  treated  as  a 
popular  error.     See  the  close  of  the  treatise,  p.  8 1. 

Stylites. 


FLEMING  S    "  RISE    AND    PALL   OF   THE   PAPACY. 

(2°'i  S.  i.  479.) 

In  Fleming's  Discourse  on  the  Rise  and  Fall  of 
Papacy  (edit.  1792,  at  p.  43.),  is  the  following 
observable  foot-note  by  the  "  publisher  : " 

"  In  calculating  the  difference  betwixt  the  prophetic 
and  sydereal  year  (see  p.  13.),  our  author  reckons  the 
latter,  according  to  the  gross  computation,  to  be  only 
365  days ;  not  regarding,  as  he  says,  '  the  smaller  mea- 
sures of  time.'  But  the  fact  is  a  complete  annual  revolu- 
tion of  the  sun  exceeds  that  calculation  by  several  hours 
and  minutes,  a  sydereal  j'ear  being  3G5  days,  6  hours, 
and  about  10  minutes.  In  1278  years,  therefore,  there 
will  be  a  difference  of  about  328i  days,  or  nearly  one 
whole  year:  so  that  the  great  event  predicted  by  our 
author  will  fall  out  one  year  sooner  than  by  his  calcula- 
tion, viz.  in  the  year  1793,  which  brings  it  still  nearer  to 
the  present  time." 

To  the  intelligent  readers  of  your  valuable 
periodical,  it  need  not  be  more  than  mentioned 
that  Louis  XVI.  suffered  decapitation  in  the  year 
1793  ;  thus  verifying,  it  may  be  said,  almost  to  a 
day,  the  accuracy  of  the  calculations  of  Fleming, 
as  well  as  in  being  a  literal  description  of  the 
words  of  the  latter  (p.  4.S.)  : 

"  That  whereas  the  present  French  king  (1701)  takes 
the  sun  for  his  emblem,  and  this  for  his  motto.  Nee  plu- 
ribus  impar,  he  may  at  length,  or  rather  his  successors 
and  the  monarchy  itself  (at  least  before  the  year  1794), 


8»*s.No29.,JulyX9.'56.]  NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


58 


be  forced  to  acknowledge  that  in  respect  to  the  neigh- 
bouring potentates  he  is  even  singtdis  impar." 

Fleming,  in  deducing  his  calculations  as  to  the 
Papacy,  says  at  p.  49. : 

"  This  Judgment  {fifth  vial)  will  probably  begin  about 
the  year  1794,  and  expire  about  A  c.  1848 :  so  that  the 
duration  of  it,  upon  this  supposition,  will  be  for  the  space 
of  54  years.  For  I  do  not  suppose  that  seeing  the  Pope 
received  tlie  title  of  Supreme  Bishop  no  sooner  than  Ann. 
606,  he  cannot  be  supposed  to  have  any  vial  poured  upon 
his  Seat  immediately,  so  as  to  ruin  his  authority  so  sig- 
nally as  this  Judgment  must  be  supposed  to  do  until  the 
year  1848,  which  is  the  date  of  1260  years  in  prophetical 
account  when  they  are  reckoned  from' Ann.  606.  But  yet 
we  are  not  to  imagine  that  this  vial  will  totally  destroy 
the  Papacy,  tho'  it  will  exceedingly  weaken  it ;  for  we 
find  this  still  in  being  and  alive  when  the  next  vial  is 
poured  out." 

Now  it  is  again  not  a  little  remarkable,  that 
from  1848  to  1850  took  place  the  revolution  at 
Rome,  the  flight  of  the  Pope  to  Gaeta,  his  resi- 
dence there,  and  his  having  been  brought  back  to 
Rome  only  through  the  power  of  France.  It 
cannot  be  said  that  the  Pope's  authority  and  the 
Papacy  were  "destroyed"  by  this  revolution, 
though  they  were  certainly  at  that  time  on  the 
very  brink  of  perdition  ;  but  that  they  have  been 
since  "  exceedingly  weakened"  by  it,  no  one  can 
doubt,  seeing  the  troubles  which  are  presently 
occurring  from  the  disturbed  and  unsatisfactory 
position  of  Italian  affairs  both  in  Church  and 
State.  The  events  which  likewise  happened  in 
the  abdication  of  Louis  Philippe,  and  the  new  suc- 
cession to  the  French  throne  (all  of  which  cannot 
be  dilated  on)  ;  as  also  the  humbled  condition  of 
the  Pope  when  made  prisoner  by  Napoleon  Bona- 
parte during  the  period  of  the  currency  of  the 
above-mentioned  fifty-four  years  prior  to  1848, 
and  the  inauguration  of  the  emperor's  son  as  King 
of  Rome,  with  otlier  historical  points  that  might 
be  stated,  may  in  whole  be  regarded  as  proofs  of 
the  singular  shrewdness  of  Fleming  in  scanning 
those  mysterious  books,  in  the  study  of  which  he 
had  been  successful  beyond  every  commentator 
who  had  handled  them. 

It  appears  to  be  the  opinion  of  Fleming  (p.  49.) 
that  the  ^'^  sixth  vial  will  be  poured  out  on  the 
Mahometan  Anti-Christ,"  and  that  the  "  seventh 
viaV  more  particularly  relates  to  "  Rome  or  mys- 
tical Babylon;"  "these  two  vials  as  it  were  one 
continued,  the  first  running  into  the  second,  and 
the  second  completeing  the  first" — "  only  you  may 
observe  (p.  50.)  that  the  first  of  these  will  proba- 
bly take  up  most  of  the  time  between  the  year 
1848  and  the  year  2000."  —  "Supposing,  then, 
that  the  Turkish  monarchy  should  be  totally  de- 
stroyed (p.  51.)  between  184-8  and  1900,  we  may 
justly  assign  70  or  80  years  longer  to  the  end  of 
the  6th  seal,  and  about  20  or  30  at  most  to  the 
last."  _  Lately,  the  "sick  man"  only  escaped  de- 
struction from  the  paws  of  the  Bear ;  and  though 


the  invalid  may  have  had  a  turn  in  his  complaint, 
and  be  again  looking  better,  it  cannot  be  doubted 
that  he  carries  within  himself  the  seeds  of  his  early 
dissolution. 

The  author's  reasonings  on  these  topics  are  too 
long  to  be  here  followed  out ;  but  if  his  discrimi- 
nation in  arguing  from  the  past  be  taken  into 
account,  it  is  probable  he  may  yet  be  found  one 
of  the  most  judicious  interpreters  of  the  future. 
At  the  expiry  of  the  "  seventh  vial,"  he  considers 
that  "  the  blessed  millennium  of  Christ's  spiritual 
reign  on  earth  will  begin"  —  say,  year  2000. 
Other  students  of  prophecy,  posterior  to  Fleming, 
have  placed  the  commencement  of  this  event  re- 
spectively in  1866,  1947,2300.  If  will  be  for 
those  then  alive  carefully  to  watch  these  epochs 
and  the  signs  of  the  times.  Under  the  dominion 
of  peace  —  the  diffusion  of  education,  secular  and 
religious,  along  with  the  rapid  improvements 
making  in  art  and  science  —  who  can  say  what 
mighty  things  may  not  be  effected  to  usher  in  this 
happy  day  for  the  human  race  ?  G.  N. 


BIOGRAPHICAL   QUERIES. 

(2°'»  S.  i.  472.) 

Joseph  Trapp,  D.D.  Born  in  1679 ;  in  1695 
he  was  entered  a  commoner  of  Wadhara  College, 
and,  in  1696,  was  admitted  a  scholar  of  the  same 
house.  He  proceeded  B.A.  1699;  M.A.  1702; 
D.D.  by  diploma,  1727.  In  1704,  he  was  chosen 
a  Fellow;  in  1708,  he  was  appointed  the  first 
professor  of  poetry  ;  and  in  1711,  chaplain  to  Sir 
Constantine  Phipps,  Lord  Chancellor  of  Ireland. 
He  died  Nov.  22, 1747.  A  list  of  his  publications, 
forty-eight  in  number,  will  be  found  in  Chalmers's 
Biographical  Dictionary. 

Philip  Bisse,  of  New  College,  Oxford ;  B.A. 
1690;  M.A.  1693;  B.  and  D.D.  1705;  conse- 
crated Bishop  of  8t.  David's,  Nov.  19,  1710; 
translated  to  Hereford,  Feb.  16,  1713.  He  died 
at  Westminster,  Sept.  6,  1724.  He  published  A 
Sermon  at  the  Anniversary  of  the  Sons  of  the 
Clergy,  Dec.  2,  1708  ;  and  A  Fast  Sermon  preached 
before  the  House  of  Commons,  London,  1710. 

Thomas  Gore,  born  at  Alderton,  Wilts,  1631, 
became  a  commoner  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford, 
in  May  1647.  After  he  had  continued  there  more 
than  three  years,  and  had  performed  his  exercise 
for  the  degree  of  B.A.,  he  retired  to  Lincoln's  Inn, 
and  afterwards  to  his  patrimony  at  Alderton ; 
where  he  died  March  31,  1684.  His  publications 
were :  — 

1.  A  Table  shewing  how  to  Blazon  a  Coat  ten  several 
Ways,  1655  ;  a  single  sheet,  copied  from  Feme. 

2.  Series  Alphabetica,  Latino- Anglica,  Nominum  Gen- 
tilitiorum,  sive  Cognominum  plurimarum  Familianim, 
qu£e  multos  per  annos  in  Anglia  floruere,  Oxon.,  1667,  8vo. 

3.  Catalogus  in  certa  Capita,  seu  Classes,  plerorumque 


54 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'xi  S.  No  29.,  July  19.  '56. 


omnium  Authorum  qui  de  re  heraldica  scripserunt,  Oxon. 
16G8.     Reprinted,  with  enlargements,  1674. 

4.  Nomenclator  Geographicus,  etc.,  Oxon.,  1667,  8vo. 

5.  Loyalty  Displayed,  and  Falsehood  Unmasked ;  or  a 
Just  Vindication  of  Thos.  Gore,  Esq.,  High  Sheriff  of 
Wilts.    London:  1681.    4to. 

For  the  above  information,  I  am  principally 
indebted  to  Chalmers's  Biographical  Dictionary ; 
Wood's  Athence  Oxon. ;  and  Nichols's  Literary 
Anecdotes.  'AKievs. 

Dublin. 


TTios.  Gore.  —  He  was  born  at  Alder  ton,  or 
Aldrington,  in  Wiltshire  ;  in  1631,  commoner  of 
Magdalen  Coll. ;  and  afterwards  a  member  of  the 
Society  of  Lincoln's  Inn.  He  died  at  Alderton 
in  March  1684,  and  was  buried  there. 

In  1655,  he  published  A  Table  shewing  how  to 
Blazon  a  Coat  ten  several  Ways.     In  1667  : 

"  Series  Alphabetica  Latino- Anglica.Nominum  Gentili- 
tiorum  sive  Cognominum  plurimarum  Familiarum,  quae 
multos  per  annos  in  Anglia  floruere  :  e  libris  qua  manu- 
scriptis  qua  typis  excusis,  aliisque  antiquioris  sevi  monu- 
mentis  Latinis  coUecta." 

In  1668  : 

"  Catalogus  in  certa  Capita,  seu  Classes,  alphabetico 
ordine  concinnatus,  plerorumque  omnium  authorum  (tam 
antiquorum  quam  recentiorum)  qui  de  re  Heraldica,  La- 
tiue,  Gallice,  etc.,  scripserunt." 

This  work  was  republished  in  1674,  with  addi- 
tions. He  was  also  the  author  o?  Nomenclator  Geo- 
graphicus, published  1667  ;  also  of  a  MS.  written 
in  1662,  entitled  "  Spicilegia  Heraldica,"  and  of 
Loyalty  displayed  and  Falsehood  unmasked,  1681. 
He  was  sheriff  of  Wilts,  1680. 

Joseph  Trapp.  —  Alfred  T.  Lee  will  find  a 
full  account  of  Joseph  Trapp  in  Biographia  Bri- 
tannica,  N  ichols's  5ow?/er,  QhdXmex^' &  Biographical 
Dictionary,  and  Penny  Cyclopcedia. 

Philip  Bisse. — Philip  Bisse  was  of  New  Col- 
lege ;  was  M.A.  Jan.  15,  1693,  and  B.  and  D.D. 
Jan.  29,  1705.  He  was  mad?  Bishop  of  Hereford 
1712,  and  died  there  Sept.  6,  1721.  He  and  his 
wife  Bridget  were  buried  in  Hereford  Cathedral. 

T.  P. 

Clifton. 


Gregory  de  Karwent.  —  In  the  Index  of  Abp. 
Peckham's  register,  a.d.  1279  to  1292,  in  Harl. 
MS.  6062-3.,  by  Dr.  Ducarel,  it  is  stated  at  vol.  ii. 
p.  604.,  that  Tetbury  Church  was  vacant  in  1279 
by  the  death  of  Gregory  de  Karwent,  and  that  a 
successor  must  wait  the  approbation  of  the  Pope. 
Tetbury  at  this  period  was  in  the  diocese  of 
AVorcester.  ^, 

[In  the  British  Museum,  among  the  Additional  Char- 
ters, Nos.  5274 — 5279.,  will  be  found  some  charters  re- 
lating to  Tetbury  vicarage,  2  Edw.  II.  —  Ed.] 


EXTEAORDINART   FACT. 
(2"'J  S.  i.  354.) 

I  cannot  believe  this  fact  to  be  correctly  stated. 
A  vessel  from  Tunis  is  said  to  have  put  into  a 
port  in  the  county  of  Antrim,  in  the  north  of  Ire- 
land, through  stress  of  weather,  and  the  sailors 
walking  through  the  country  entered  into  con- 
versation with  the  Irish  peasants  at  work  in  the 
fields,  speaking  the  one  the  language  used  at 
Tunis,  and  the  other  Irish.  What  is  this  but  to 
prove  that  the  Phcenician  still  spoken  at  Tunis  at 
the  date  assigned,  the  end  of  last  century,  and  the 
Irish  were  the  same  tongue.  The  Phoenicians  and 
Celts  are  now  allowed  to  be  different  races,  speak- 
ing different  languages ;  and  a  corrupt  Arabic  has 
been  for  a  long  time  spoken  at  Tunis,  to  the  ex- 
clusion of  the  languages  used  before  the  Arab 
conquest.  A  scene  in  The  Pcenulus  of  the  Roman 
comic  writer  Plautus,  in  the  Punic  tongue,  was 
attempted  to  be  explained  by  General  Vallancey 
through  the  Irish,  but  the  attempt  has  been  pro- 
nounced chimerical.  This  leads  me  to  another 
subject,  which  I  have  found  of  great  interest. 
The  Carthaginians  were  a  colony  of  Tyre,  a  Phoe- 
nician people,  a  part  of  the  same  people  called 
Canaanites.  The  names  of  Canaanite  and  Phoe- 
nician are  applied  to  the  same  race,  the  one  name 
derived  from  Chua,  or  Canaan,  a  son  of  Ham,  and 
the  other  taken  from  the  reddish  brown  colour  of 
the  people,  signified  by  the  Greek  word  ^oiut^,  as 
a  darker  shade  is  denoted  by  Ai9io\p  for  the  Ethio- 
pian, supposed  to  belong  to  a  dark  people  in  the 
south  of  Phoenicia  as  well  as  in  Africa.  I  see  it 
noticed  that  the  Greek  Septuagint  frequently 
renders  Canaan  and  Canaanite  in  the  Hebrew  by 
Phoenicia  and  Phoenician.  One  of  our  Saviour's 
miracles  was  the  casting  a  devil  out  of  the  child 
of  a  woman  called  by  St,  Matthew,  xv.  22.,  a 
woman  of  Canaan,  and  by  St.  Mark,  vii.  26.,  a 
Tyro-Phoenician  woman  ;  and  a  coin  of  Laodicea, 
in  Phoenicia,  of  the  age  of  Antiochus  Epiphanes, 
has  the  inscription,  "  Laodicea,  mother  of  Canaan." 
St.  Augustin,  an  African  by  birth,  the  Bishop  of 
Hippo  Regius,  a  little  to  the  west  of  Carthage, 
who  flourished  in  the  fourth  and  fifth  centuries 
after  Christ,  says,  Ep.  ad  Rom. :  — 

"  Interrogati  rustici  nostri  quid  sint  Punice  respon- 
dentes  Chanani  corrupta  ?  Scilicet  voce  sicut  in  talibus 
solet  quod  aliud  respondent  quam  Chanansei."  —  Quoted 
Kenrick's  PAosnicJa,  p.  42.,  and  Palestine,  VUnivers  Fit- 
toresque,  p.  81. 

The  Carthaginians  were  called  by  Virgil  "  Tyrios 
Bilingues,"  from  their  being  obliged,  in  addition 
to  the  Punic,  to  make  use  of  another  language, 
supposed  by  Prichard  to  be  of  the  African  abo- 
rigines, Berbers,  whose  tongue,  different  from  the 
Hebrew,  has  still  relations  to  it ;  and  the  people 
themselves  belong  to  the  Himyaritic,  a  more 
southern  Arabian  race,  along  with  the  Abyssinians, 


2"dS.  No  29.,  July  19, '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


55 


to  whose  old  Gyz  tongues  the  Berber  language 
approaches  more  nearly.  I  should  have  expected 
the  African  peasantry  to  have  retained  rather 
their  old  tongue,  the  Berber,  than  the  Punic ;  but 
in  the  time  of  Leo  Atricanus,  the  sixteenth  cen- 
tury, all  the  cities  on  the  African  coast  spoke 
Arabic,  and  the  use  of  this  language  has  since  ex- 
tended in  the  north  of  Africa.  1  say  nothing  of 
the  inscription  on  the  columns  at  the  pillars  of 
Hercules,  mentioned  by  the  Greek  historian  of  the 
Vandal  war,  Procopius,  and  doubted  by  Gibbon, 
as  its  authenticity  is  not  believed.*  The  Hebrew, 
or  a  dialect  of  it,  is  said  to  have  been  the  lan- 
guage of  the  Jews,  Phoenicians,  and  Philistines, 
and  the  Punic  scene  In  Plautus's  comedy  is  trans- 
lated or  explained  by  Hebrew,  as  is  a  Carthaginian 
inscription  of  prices  of  victims  for  sacrifice,  on  a 
tablet  found  in  1845  at  Marseilles,  near  the  site  of 
the  Temple  of  Diana  of  Ephesus,  the  tutelar  deity 
of  the  ancient  Massilia ;  and  there  are  other  in- 
scriptions at  Athens,  and  in  the  Mediterranean 
Islands,  all  of  which  lead  to  the  same  conclusion, 
the  identity  of  the  Phoenician  and  Hebrew  lan- 
guages. Had  Hannibal  (whose  name  contains  the 
Canaanite  Baal)  prevailed  over  the  Eomans,  the 
world  might  have  been  Canaanite,  as  it  might 
afterwards  have  been  Arabian,  had  not  Charles 
Martel  vanquished  the  Moors  at  the  great  battle 
contested  so  long  and  so  obstinately  between  the 
Christian  Franks  and  the  Mahometan  Moors, 
fought  in  A.D.  732,  in  the  plains  between  Tours 
and  Poictiers,  in  the  south  of  France.  This  pecu- 
liarity is  remarked,  that  the  Canaanites  descended 
of  Ham  spoke  a  language  of  the  people  descended 
of  the  elder  brother  Shem,  the  ancestor  of  the 
Asiatic  nations.  The  Jews  springing  from  the 
Chaldini  or  Chaldeans  derive  their  origin  from  a 
Shemite  source ;  while  the  Philistines,  in  the  south 
of  Phoenicia,  are  said  to  be  from  Crete,  or  from 
the  north  of  Arabia,  and  to  be  descended  also 
from  Ham,  but  differing  from  the  northern  Phoe- 
nicians, who  along  with  the  Jews  and  Egyptians 
practised  circumcision,  in  not  using  that  rite. 

I  would  wish  to  find  the  Celts  in  Asia.  Pri- 
chard  has  published  a  volume  supplementary  to  his 
great  work  of  Researches  into  the  Physical  History 
of  Mankind,  to  trace  their  Eastern  Origin  by  com- 
parison of  the  Celtic  Dialects  with  tJie  Sanscrit, 
Greek,  Latin,  and  Teutonic  Languages ;  but  I  do 
not  know  of  any  historical  evidence,  or  of  any 

*  The  inscription  is,  "  We  are  those  who  fled  from  the 
face  of  the  robber  Joshua,  the  son  of  Nun."  {Phoenicia, 
p.  67.)  M.  Munk,  in  Palestine,  p.  81.,  remarks  in  a  note, 
that  the  expression  of  the  original  Greek  Englished  from 
the  face  is  Hebrew,  but  not  Greek,  and  thence  inferred 
that  Procopius,  a  Pagan,  did  not  forge  the  inscription,  but 
in  his  narration  translated  a  Phoenician  expression.  The 
existence  of  this  fabulous  tradition  may  also  show  a  belief 
.in  the  identity  of  the  Phoenicians  and  Canaanites  to  have 
been  entertained  when  Procopius  wrote  in  the  sixth  cen- 
tury. 


archseological  antiquities  out  of  Europe,  that  can 
be  said  to  be  exclusively  Celtic.  There  are  circles 
of  stones  In  India,  and  other  remains  in  Asia.  De 
Saulay  mentions  a  heap  of  stoned  at  Hebron,  and 
another  monument  at  a  place  near  the  north  end 
of  the  Dead  Sea,  both  which  appeared  to  re- 
semble Celtic  remains,  but  he  gives  no  drawing  of 
either,  and  does  not  speak  certainly.  (Voyage 
autour  de  la  Mer  Morte,  torn.  ii.  pp.  92.  168.) 
The  European  circles  and  underground  buildings 
are  not  established  to  belong  exclusively  to  the 
Celts,  but  are  seen  in  the  mist  of  a  remote  an- 
tiquity. Amedee  Thierry,  In  his  History  of  the 
Gauls  from  the  earliest  Period  till  their  ultimate  and 
entire  Subjugation  by  the  Romans,  a.d.  79,  during 
the  Reign  of  the  Emperor  Vespasian,  assigned 
them  previous  to  their  final  subjection  a  seat  and 
nation  in  Gaul  of  1700  years,  which  would  place 
them  in  their  European  residence  at  a  date  about 
600  years  only  from  the  confusion  of  languages  at 
the  building  of  the  Tower  of  Babel,  2247  years 
before  Christ  according  to  received  chronology. 
I  am  aware  that  Mr.  Kenrick,  in  which  he  is  fol- 
lowed by  Prichard,  objects  to  the  chronology  of 
the  early  ages,  as  not  allowing  sufficient  time  for 
the  origin  and  development  of  races  and  nations. 
The  Irish  Celts  I  have  understood  to  be  Gallic  of 
the  earliest  wave  of  the  race,  perhaps  the  most 
ancient  Celts  of  tlie  British  Empire,  and  their  an- 
tiquity may  reasonably  be  supposed  to  be  akin  to 
that  of  the  Gallic  Celts  in  Gaul.  Their  connection 
with  the  Phoenicians  or  Berbers,  or  I  may  add,  the 
Euskaldunes,  the  Basques,  is  not  so  readily  to  be 
conjectured  or  entertained.  W.  H.  F. 

Kirkwall. 


NOTES   ON   REGIMENTS. 

(2°i  S.  i.  516.) 

I  am  induced  to  make  a  few  remarks  on  the 
article  in  your  pages  entitled  "  Notes  on  Regi- 
ments," In  order  that  certain  inaccuracies  and 
misstatements  therein  mentioned  may  not  pass 
uncontradicted. 

In  those  Notes  the  80th  regiment  are  called  the 
"  Connaught  Rangers."  The  80th  are  the  "  Staf- 
fordshire Volunteers."  Any  Army  List  would 
show  that  the  above  appellation  applies  alone  to 
the  gallant  88th,  on  whom  it  was  conferred  when 
they  were  first  raised  in  that  part  of  Ireland  in 
1795,  by  Lord  Clanricarde. 

The  56th  are  called  Pompadours,  not  from 
their  present  (purple)  facings,  but  from  the  fol- 
lowing circumstance,  as  related  to  me  by  an  old 
officer  of  the  regiment  nearly  thirty  years  ago. 
In  1756,  when  this  regiment  was  first  raised,  its 
facings  were  a  crimson  or  puce  colour,  called  in 
those  days  "Pompadour,"  from  the  celebrated  lady 


66 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nds.  N<>29.,  Jcly19.*56. 


■who  patronised  It ;  and  hence  the  name  as  applied 
to  the  regiment  v/bose  facings  it  formed. 

I  may  incidentally  mention  that  on  visiting  a 
cotton  mill  near  Oldham  in  Lancashire,  in  1827, 
I  was  surprised  to  find  the  word  "  Pompadour  " 
on  a  crimson  cotton  print,  and  on  seeking  for  an 
explanation,  I  was  told  it  was  applied  to  that  par- 
ticular shade  of  crimson. 

Like  the  gosling  green  facings  as  formerly  WOrn 
by  the  66th  regiment,  it  was  found  too  delicate  a 
colour  for  such  a  purpose,  and  too  apt  to  fade  and 
change  by  exposure  to  the  sun,  and  consequently 
was  ordered  to  be  done  away  with.  The  then 
colonel  of  the  regiment  wished  it  to  be  made 
royal,  and  substitute  blue  for  the  facings ;  but 
not  being  able  to  effect  this,  he  resorted  to  purple 
as  the  nearest  approach  to  blue. 

The  4th  regiment  have  no  such  motto  as  "  Quis 
separabit."  The  4th  Royal  Irish  Dragoon  Guards 
have  it,  in  conjunction  with  the  badge  of  the 
Order  of  St.  Patrick,  of  which  it  is  the  motto. 
It  was  given  as  a  national  distinction  to  this,  as 
also  to  two  other  Irish  regiments,  the  86th  county 
Down,  and  88th  Connaught  Rangers. 

For  the  same  reason  (that  of  national  distinc- 
tion) the  badge  of  the  Order  of  the  Thistle,  and 
its  accompanying  motto,  "Nemo  me  impune  la- 
cessit,"  has  been  permitted  to  be  worn  by  the  fol- 
lowing Scotch  regiments  :  the  Scots  Greys,  the 
21st  North  British  Fusileers,  and  42nd  Royal 
Highlanders. 

The  42nd  Royal  Highlanders  were  originally 
formed  from  six  independent  companies  of  High- 
landers that  had  been  raised  in  1730  for  the  pro- 
tection of  Edinburgh,  and  for  police  and  other 
local  purposes,  and  from  being  dressed  in  black, 
blue,  and  green  tartans,  presented  a  very  sombre 
appearance,  which  procured  for  them  the  name  of 
"Freieudan  Dhu,"  or  Black  Watch.  These  inde- 
pendent companies  were,  in  1739,  amalgamated 
into  a  regular  regiment,  under  the  title  of  the 
Highland  Regiment,  and  in  1751  was  numbered 
as  the  42nd. 

Should  this  communication  meet  with  approval, 
I  shall  have  great  pleasure  in  again  reverting  to 
the  subject.  Miles. 


PHOTOGRAPHIC    COERESPONDBISCE. 

Photographic  Exhibition  at  Brussels.  —  We  last  week 
received  a  letter  from  our  excellent  contemporary,  the 
Editor  of  La  Lumiere,  to  which,  from  circumstances,  we 
were  unavoidably  prevented  callinpr  attention  in  last 
Saturda3''3  "  N.  &  Q."  Tlie  purport  of  M.  Lagan's  com- 
munication was  to  announce  that,  at  the  public  Ex- 
j  hibition  at  Brussels,  which  is  about  to  take  place  under 
the  superintendence  and  management  of  the  Association 
for  the  Encouragement  of  the  Industrial  Arts  in  Belgium, 
Photography  will  be  one  of  the  leading  features.  The 
French  photographers  will  contribute  largely ;  and  as 
the  Exhibition  will  not  be  considered  complete  unless 
the  English  Photographers  are  fairly  represented,  it  is 


hoped  that  they  will  entrust  specimens  of  their  produc- 
tions to  the  manager  of  the  present  Exhibition.  Com- 
munications on  the  subject  are  to  be  addressed  to  M.  E. 
Romberg,  58.  Rue  Royale  a  Bruxelles;  and  Photographs, 
Photographic  Instruments,  &c.,  (which  will  be  received 
until  the  1st  of  August,)  are  to  be  sent  to  M.  le  President 
de  I' Association  pour  l' Encouragement  des  Arts  industriels 
en  Belgique,  a  ['Entrepot  de  Bruxelles,  Though  the  notice 
is  short,  we  hope  our  photographic  friends  will  avail 
themselves  of  this  opportunity  of  showing  the  Belgian 
Photographers  what  England  can  produce  in  this  new, 
but  most  important,  branch  of  Art. 


3aejiIi0iS  t0  Miliar  eaucrte^. 

The  Hoe  (2"'»  S.  i.  471.)  — Mr.  3ons  Boasb, 
Penzance,  says,  "  This  is  a  Note,  not  a  Query." 
But  he,  at  the  same  time,  re-makes  it  a  Query  by 
writing  "  Elbe  Hohe,"  "  Alster  Hohe."  We  write 
Hohe,  or  Hoehe,  which  is  then  pronounced  as  a 
diphthong,  the  A  aspirated.  The  origin  of  Hoe 
may  be  German  (Saxon),  but  it  is  one  of  those 
words  which  have  suffered  many  metamorphoses 
in  sound  during  the  lapse  of  time.  Dr.  J.  L. 

15.  Gower  Street. 

Holly,  the  only  indigenous  English  Evergreen 
(2"''  S.  i.  399.  443.  502.)  — I  have  only  been  able 
to  see  the  Gentleman  s  Magazine  for  1787,  though 
I  have  applied  at  two  libraries  to  which  I  sub- 
scribe. 

Hooker  and  Arnott  (^British  Flora,  edit.  1850, 
pp.  369.  408.)  omit  the  asterisk  (*)  with  which, 
at  p.  xii.,  they  explain  that  they  have  branded 
"the  many"  plants  "that  have  been  or  ax'e  daily 
becoming  naturalised  among  us." 

The  editor  of  the  Gardeners'  Chronicle  (Dr. 
Lindley),  G.  C.  1856,  p.  440.  c,  writes,  "The  yew 
is  certainly  indigenous ;  and  we  never  heard  the 
box-tree  suspected  of  being  a  foreigner." 

Selby  (British  Forest  Trees,  1842,  p.  363.) 
writes,  "The  yew  is  indigenous  to  Britain."  I 
maintain,  therefore,  that  Algernon  Holt  Whitb 
was  wrong  "  in  calling  the  holly  our  only  indigen- 
ous evergreen,  to  the  exclusion  especially  of  the 
yew  and  box;"  and  there  are  with  me,  on  the 
trial  of  this  issue,  Hooker,  Arnott,  Lindley,  and 
Selby.  Geo.  E.  Frbrb. 

Royden  Hall,  Diss. 

Will  Mr.  White  consider  the  opinions  of  Ge- 
rard, Parkinson,  Phillips,  Loudon,  and  Withering 
as  of  some  value  in  deciding  the  question,  whether 
the  yew-tree  and  box  are  indigenous  evergreens  ? 
Phillips,  in  his  Sylvia  Florifera,  remarks,  "  The 
box  was  formerly  much  more  plentiful  in  England 
than  now,  and  gave  names  to  several  places,  such 
as  Boxhill  and  Boxley,  &c."  Evelyn  also  speaks 
of  it  as  growing  wild,  and  forming  "  rare  natural 
bowers."  The  other  authorities  speak  with  the 
same  certainty,  with  the  exception  of  Loudon, 
who  throws  a  doubt  over  box  being  indigenous,  be- 


2nd  g.  ifo  29.,  July  19.  '66.  J 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


67 


cause  it  is  not  often  found  wild  at  the  present  day  ; 
but  there  is  no  doubt  with  any  of  these  writers 
respecting  the  yew,  which  grows  wild  in  lanes  in 
Staffordshire,  in  many  of  the  dales  in  Derbyshire, 
being  particularly  luxuriant  in  Dovedale,  in  many 
parts  of  Wales,  on  the  hills  round  Windermere, 
on  rocks  in  Borrowdale,  and  indeed  generally 
throughout  the  English  Lake  district.  I  do  not 
take  authority  for  this,  having  had  the  satisfaction 
of  seeing  it  in  the  places  mentioned.  H.  J. 

Wandsworth, 

Hohson's  Choice  (2°''  S.  i.  472.)  — The  usual 
explanation  of  this  saying  held  good  in  Steele's 
time,  for  he  gives  it  in  No.  509.  of  the  Spectator, 
thus  prefaced  : 

"  I  shall  conclude  this  discourse  with  an  explanation 
of  a  proverb,  which  by  vulgar  error  is  taken  and  used 
when  a  man  is  reduced  to  an  extremity,  whereas  the  pro- 
priety of  the  maxim  is  to  use  it  when  you  would  say  there 
is  plenty,  but  you  must  make  such  a  choice  as  not  to  hurt 
another  who  is  to  come  after  you." 

In  the  same  paper  it  is  said  : 

"  This  memorable  man  stands  drawn  in  fresco  at  an  inn 
(which  he  used)  in  Bishopsgate  Street,  with  an  hundred- 
pound  bag  under  his  arm,  with  this  inscription  upon  the 
said  bag : 

'  The  fruitful  mother  of  a  hundred  more.' " 

What  inn  is  here  referred  to,  and  is  the  portrait 
still  in  existence  ? 

The  inscription  reminds  me  of  a  Hampshire 
farmer's  definition  of  a  clever  man  : 

"  I  calls  he  a  clever  chap  as  can  rub  one  fi-pun  note 
agen  another  and  make  another  on  nn." 

R.  W.  Hackwood. 

•'  Magdalen  College,  Oxford  (2"'^  S.  i.  334.)  — 
The  "  trusty  and  well-beloved  "  John  Huddleston, 
the  first  person  mentioned  in  King  James's  war- 
rant to  the  president,  to  be  admitted  a  demy  of 
the  said  college,  was  probably  the  Roman  Catholic 
priest  who  administered  the  sacrament  to  King 
Charles  II.  on  his  death-bed.  W.  H.  W.  T. 

Somerset  House. 

Horsetalk  (2"'^  S.  i.  335.)— In  Italy  and  the 
South  of  France,  a  driver  cries  "  ee  "  to  his  horse, 
when  he  wants  him  to  go  on.  This  Is  doubtless 
"  I,"  the  Imperative  of  eo,  pronounced  in  the  con- 
tinental fashion  ;  and  has  probably  descended  un- 
changed from  the  time  of  Romulus.         Stylites. 

Song  by  Old  Doctor  Wilde  — "  Hallow  my 
Fancie  (2»^  S.  i.  511.)  — S.  S.  S.  Inquires  whe- 
ther there  is,  "  In  reality,  such  an  old  song "  as 
that  quoted  by  the  author  of  "  Bond  and  JFree," 
In  a  late  number  of  Household  Words  ?  There  is 
such  a  song,  and  it  may  be  found  in  a  very  com- 
mon source  of  information,  Chambers's  Cyclopcsdia 
of  English  Literature,  vol.  i.  p.  395.,  where  the 
editor  states  it  to  be  taken  "  from  a  collection  of 


poems  entitled  Iter  Boreale,  by  R.  Wild,  D.D., 
1668."  S.  S.  S.  will  find  this  song  of  Dr.  Wild's 
preceded  by  "  Hallo  my  Fancy,"  which  Mr, 
Chambers  assigns  to  that  prolific  author  Mr, 
"  Anonymous."  Cdthbeet  Bede,  B,A. 

Felo-de-se  (2''^  S.  i,  313.)  —  Queen  Elizabeth, 
by  a  charter  in  the  forty-first  year  of  her  reign, 
granted  (inter  alia)  to  the  corporation  of  the 
borough  of  Andover,  Hants  (to  whom  the  manor 
of  Andover  had  belonged  for  centuries),  the 
goods  and  chattels  of  felons,  fugitives,  and  out- 
laws, and  of  persons  put  in  exigent,  and  oi  felons 
of  themselves,  and  goods,  chattels,  waived  estrays, 
deodands,  found  or  forfeited,  arising  within  the 
manor  or  borough  of  Andover  aforesaid. 

The  rights  have  been  exercised  by  the  corpo- 
ration when  occasions  have  occurred. 

W,  H.  W.  T. 

Somerset  House. 

Comic  Song  on  the  Income  Tax  (2°^  S.  i,  472.) 
—  In  looking  over  some  songs  amongst  which  I 
thought  I  had  a  copy  of  the  one  sought  for  by 
E.  H.  D.  D.,  I  found  the  following,  which  as  it 
bears  on  the  same  subject  he  may  perhaps  like  to 
possess  a  copy  of. 

I  need  hardly  say  that  the  parody  Is  on  Moore's 
song  —  "  Those  Evening  Bells  :  " 

"  That  Income  Tax !  that  Income  Tax, 
How  every  clause  my  poor  brain  racks, 
How  dear  was  that  sweet  time  to  me, 
Ere  first  I  heard  of  Schedule  B. 

"Those  untaxed  joys  are  passed  away, 
And  many  a  heart  that  then  was  gay 
Is  sleeping  'neath  the  turf  in  packs, 
And  cares  not  for  the  Income  Tax. 

"And  so  'twill  be  when  I  am  gone, 
That '  Candid '  Peel  will  still  tax  on, 
And  other  bards  shall  sadly  ax 
*  Why  not  repeal  the  Income  Tax  ?  ' " 

R.  W.  Hackwood. 

Blood  which  will  not  wash  out  (2°'*  S.  i.  461.)  — 
Your  valuable  correspondent  Mr.  Peacock  says  : 
"  I  have  been  informed  that  the  blood  of  the 
priests  who  were  martyred  at  the  Convent  of  the 
Carmes  at  Paris  during  the  French  Revolution  is 
yet  visible  on  the  pavement.  This  is  a  fact  that 
some  of  your  correspondents  can  no  doubt  verify." 
While  at  Paiis,  last  October,  I  went  to  the  Carmes, 
and  there  saw  on  the  walls  and  floor  of  the  chapel 
those  spots  of  blood  about  which  Mr.  PEAcoc"k 
speaks.  They  look  quite  fresh  in  places,  and  there 
are  many  of  them. 

Though  the  chapel  is  private,  and  used  only,  I 
believe,  by  the  inmates  of  that  now  educational 
establishment,  sure  am  I  that  the  abbe  Cruice, 
who  so  ably  presides  over  it,  will,  with  his  usual 
courtesy,  allow  any  English  traveller  to  see  that 
oratory  and  its  walls  stained  with  the  blood  of 
more  than  eighty  churchmen,  whose  only  imputed 


58 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2na  s.  No  29.,  July  19.  '56. 


crime  was  their  priesthood,  and  among  whom,  if  I 
remember  well,  there  was  one  bishop.     D.  Rock. 
Newick,  Uckfield. 

Sir  Edward  Coke  (2""  S.  ii.  19.)  — The  great 
lawyer's  autograph  will,  I  presume,  be  deemed  a 
better  authority  for  the  correct  mode  of  spelling 
his  name  than  the  "  Epistle  Dedicatorie  "  cited  by 
your  correspondent  G.  N.  I  have  in  my  posses- 
sion a  case  for  counsel's  opinion  referred  to  Sir 
Edward,  who  subscribes  it  thus  : 

"  I  am  of  opinion  the 
retorne  is  good. 

Edw.  Coke." 

This  surely  is  decisive  on  the  question  at  issue. 

L.  B.  L. 

Martin  the  French  Peasant- Prophet,  8fc.  (2°"^  S. 
i.  490.)  —  The  most  authentic  and  complete  ac- 
count of  the  extraordinary  mission  of  Thomas 
Martin  to  the  French  King  Louis  XVIII.,  is  con- 
tained in  a  work,  entitled  Le  Passe  et  VAvenir, 
published  at  Paris  in  1832,  and  containing  a 
Declaration  signed  by  Martin,  that  the  events  are 
faithfully  related  in  this  book,  and  that  it  contains 
the  only  correct  account.  In  relating  Martin's 
interview  with  the  king,  the  following  is  the  ac- 
count given  of  the  point  on  which  W.  H.  particu- 
larly requests  information.     Martin  says  : 

"  Apres  cela,  je  lui  dis :  Prenez  garde  de  vous  faire 
sacrer ;  car  si  vous  le  tentiez,  vous  seriez  frappe  de  mort 
dans  la  ceremonie  du  sacre." 

Upon  this  the  editor  makes  the  following  note  : 

*•  Toutes  les  personnes  attach^es  alors  a  la  cour,  tant 
soit  peu,  au  courant  des  choses  peuvent  attester  comme 
un  fait  notoire  que  Ton  avait  dejk  fait,  par  ordre  du  roi,  de 
grands  preparatifs  pour  son  sacre,  avant  son  entrevue 
avec  Martin,  et  qu'aprfes  cette  entrevue,  le  roi  contre- 
manda  tous  ses  (ces)  preparatifs." 

This  work  not  only  gives  the  fullest  details  of 
the  extraordinary  mission  of  Martin ;  but  enters 
calmly*  into  the  proofs  of  its  supernatural  cha- 
I'acter;  and  afterwards  devotes  a  chapter  to  an- 
swering objections  against  it.  It  was  published  in 
1832 ;  and  continues  the  history  of  Martin,  and 
his  subsequent  revelations,  to  the  year  before  the 
publication.  One  very  curious  prophecy  con- 
tained in  a  note  deserves  attention  at  the  present 
time.  The  note  does  not  refer  to  Martin,  but  to 
certain  predictions  of  several  religious  persons 
wTiose  names  are  given,  and  who  all  [agreed  upon 
the  two  following  points:  1st,  That  France  was 
threatened  with  great  calamities  ;  and  2ndly,  the 
unexpected  appearance  of  a  great  monarch  who 
should  restore  order,  and  under  whose  reign  Reli- 
gion and  France  should  again  see  days  of  pros- 
perity. I  copy  this  from  a  work  which  I  have 
had  in  my  own  possession  since  1833.  Certainly 
the  present  state  of  France  verifies  this  prediction 
to  the  letter.  F.  C.  H. 


Oermination  of  Seeds  long  buried  (2"*^  S.  ii.  10.) 

—  As  one  instance,  where  plants  have  been  no- 
ticed to  grow  from  seeds  that  had  been  long 
buried,  I  may  mention,  for  the  information  of 
your  correspondent  E.  M.,  Oxford,  that  some 
years  ago  I  observed  upon  the  slopes  of  a  deep 
embankment  of  the  Ulster  Railway,  near  Lambeg, 
within  a  mile  of  the  town  of  Lisburn,  a  large 
number  of  turnip  plants  that  had  sprung  from 
seed  that  had  long  been  buried  in  a  bank  of  gravel, 
sand,  and  boulder  stones,  which  had  been  removed 
to  fill  up  a  deep  hollow  in  the  ground,  and  which 
formed  the  embankment  referred  to.  I  was 
present  when  the  navvies  were  removing  the 
gravel  bank,  and  next  year  I  saw  the  plants  grow- 
ing on  the  slopes  of  the  embankment  as  described ; 
and  again,  on  revisiting  the  place  last  year  (1855), 
I  still  observed  a  number  of  turnip  plants  growing 
at  the  same  place.  The  plants  were  of  the  true 
turnip,  having  large  expanded  leaves,  covered  on 
their  upper  surface  with  minute  speculas.  The 
roots  were  long  and  strong,  but  exhibited  no  ten- 
dency to  enlarge  into  bulb,  like  the  cultivated 
turnip.  The  turnip  being  a  rare  plant  in  that 
part  of  the  country  at  that  time,  its  appearance 
under  the  circumstances  was  regarded  by  the 
work-people  as  a  remarkable  phenomenon. 

Henry  Stephens. 

Morgan  O'Doherty  (1"  S.  x.  96.)  —  Since  none 
of  your  correspondents  have  fixed  the  identity  of 
Morgan  O'Doherty,  I  presume  I  may  still  say,  as 
I  said  before,  that  it  was  Captain  Hamilton.  No 
doubt  he  received  assistance  from  Maginn  and 
others,  as  mentioned  by  R.  P.  (P*  S.  x.  150.),  but 
that  he  was  the  originator  of  the  character  there 
can  be  no  doubt,  and  he  must  have  been  its  con- 
tinuator  also,  since  he  lived  years  after  the  with- 
drawal of  Morgan's  name  from  the  pages  of  Maga. 
North  received  assistance  in  his  Noctes  from  Lock- 
hart  and  others,  but  it  is  a  curious  thing  that 
Hogg,  the  Ettrick  Shepherd,  himself  could  never 
write  a  Noctes  that  was  acceptable  or  was  ac- 
cepted. S. 

Person  referred  to  by  Pascal  (2"^  S.  i.  412.  500.) 

—  However  ingenious  the  interpretation  of  C.  H. 
S.,  I  cannot  help  thinking  but  that  Pascal  had 
some  definite  person  in  his  view  when  he  brought 
forward  the  instance  in  question.  His  words  in 
the  original  — 

"  Qui  aurait  eu  I'amiti^  du  Roi  d'Angleterre,  du  Roi  de 
Pologne,  et  de  la  Reine  de  Sufede,  aurait-il  cru  pouvoir 
manquer  de  retraite  et  d'asile  au  monde  ? " 

may  be  well  enough  translated  of  some  person  who 
might  have  had  the  friendship  of  the  three  kingly 
powers,  but  to  his  disappointment  found  himself 
so  far  reduced  as  to  be  unable  to  obtain  evea 
common  shelter.  The  circumstances  of  the  con- 
temporary sovereigns  mentioned  were  certainly 


2nd  s.  No  29.,  July  19.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


59 


disastrous,  yet  it  is  difficult  to  see  what  object 
Pascal  could  have  had  in  illustrating  his  case  in 
the  enigmatical  form  alluded  to.  In  my  opinion 
the  Edinburgh  English  translator  of  1751  took 
the  plain  common  sense  view  of  the  passage,  and 
that  we  have  yet  the  historical  personage  to  dis- 
cover whom  Pascal  had  in  his  eye.  G.  N. 

PoniatowsU  Gems  (2°'i  S.  i.  471.;  ii.  19.)  — 
The  Explanatory  Catalogue  of  the  Proof-Impres- 
sions of  the  Antique  Gems  possessed  by  the  late 
Prince  Poniatowski,  and  afterwards  in  the  possession 
of  John  Tyrrell,  Esq.,  was  published,  in  4to.,  by 
Graves  and  Co.,  Pall  Mall,  in  1841.  The  volume 
is  dedicated  by  Mr.  Tyrrell  to  Prince  Albert,  and 
is  "  accompanied  with  Descriptions  and  Poetical 
Illustrations  of  the  subjects,  and  preceded  by  an 
Essay  on  Ancient  Gems  and  Gem  Engraving,  by 
James  Prendeville,  A.B.,  editor  of  Livy,  Paradise 
Lost,  &c."  There  is  also  Catalogue  des  Pierres 
Gravies  Antiques  de  S.  A,  le  Prince  Stanislas  Po- 
niatowski,  privately  printed  by  the  Prince,  at  Flo- 
rence, in  4to.,  and  upon  this  the  English  catalogue 
was  founded.  My  copy  of  the  French  catalogue 
has  no  date. 

Further  information  may  be  obtained  from  a 
pamphlet  entitled  Remarks  exposing  the  unwoi'thy 
Motives  and  fallacious  Opinions  of  the  Writer  of 
the  Critiques  on  the  Poniatowski  Collection  of  Gems, 
contained  in  "  The  British  and  Foreign  Review  " 
and  "  The  Spectator,'''  published  by  Graves  &  Co., 
and  Smith,  Elder,  &  Co.,  1842.  S.  W.  Ilix. 

Beccles. 

Posies  on  simple  heavy  Gold  Rings  (1"  S.  xii. 
113.,  &c.)  — 

"  God  did  decree,  this  unitie." 

"  Where  hearts  agree,  there  God  will  be." 

"  I  have  obtained,  whom  God  ordained." 

Copied  from  originals.  S.  R.  P. 

Sleep  the  Friend  of  Woe  (2"-^  S.  ii.  11.).— The 
lines  which  Ertca  asks  for  are  from  Southey's 
Curse  of  Kehama,  canto  xv.,  the  city  of  Baly, 
stanza  11.     It  begins,  — 

"  Be  of  good  heart,  and  let  thj'  sleep  be  sweet." 
Laduvlad  said,  — 

"  Alas !  that  cannot  be,"  &c.  &c. 

And  then  comes 

"  Thou  hast  been  called,  0  Sleep,  the  friend  of  woe ; 
But  'tis  the  happy  who  have  called  thee  so." 

J.  C.  J.* 

Medal  of  Charles  I.  (2°^  S.  ii.  28.)  —  There  are 
several  medals  of  various  sizes  which  have  the 
head  of  Charles  I.  on  one  side,  and  that  of  his 
queen   on   the   other.     They   were   all   probably 


[*  We  are  also  indebted  to  Mr.  De  la  Pryme  and 
.  other  correspondents  for  similar  replies.] 


worn  as  badges  of  loyalty  by  his  friends  and  par- 
tisans, but  I  am  not  aware  of  any  one  of  the  va- 
rieties said  to  have  been  made  out  of  the  plate 
melted  up  for  the  king's  service.  It  is  probable 
that  none  were  made  of  such  materials,  as  melted 
plate  would  be  applied  to  money  of  necessity,  not 
to  medals  of  comparative  luxury.  Rings,  or 
rather  holes,  are  at  the  sides  and  ends  of  many  of 
these  medals,  from  whence  to  suspend  small  orna- 
ments. It  would  not  be  convenient  to  sew  upon 
a  coat  or  hat  a  medal  having  a  device  on  both 
sides ;  these  medals  were  suspended  from  a  ribbon 
or  chain.  I  have  one  with  the  silver  chain  still 
attached  to  it.  Edw.  Hawkins. 

Major- General  {?)  Thomas  Stanwix  (2"''  S.  i. 
511.)  —  This  officer  died  March  14,  1725,  Colonel 
of  the  present  12th  regiment  of  infantry.  He 
never  attained  the  rank  of  major-general,  and  was 
appointed  colonel  of  the  12th  regiment,  August  25, 
1717,  about  the  time  of  the  royal  visit  to  Cam- 
bridge. He  was  appointed  coh)nel  of  the  30th 
regiment,  previously  Willis's  Marines,  July  17, 
1737,  but  was  transferred  to  the  12th  regiment  in 
the  following  month,  as  above  stated.         G.  L.  S. 

Conservative  Club. 

"  Tantum  Ergo"  the  Eucharistic  Hymn  (2"'^  S. 
ii.  13.)  —  Will  you  kindly  allow  me  to  give  a 
somewhat  fuller  answer  to  your  correspondent 
Ein  Frager  than  you  have  done  ?  "  Tantum 
ergo  "  is  not  a  psalm  at  all,  and  could  not  have 
been  chanted  as  such  at  Rathmines.  It  is  a  hymn 
of  the  Holy  Roman  Church,  and  is  appointed  to  be 
sung  after  the  mass  on  Maundy  Thursday,  and  is 
ordinarily  used  at  Benediction  of  the  Most  Holy 
Sacrament,  and  also  in  Processions  of  the  Most 
Holy.  As  I  think  accuracy  most  important  in  all 
matters  of  this  nature,  I  trust  you  will  give  in- 
sertion to  this  communication.  Catholicus. 

Kennington,  near  Oxford. 

Bottles  filled,  8fc.  (2"<^  S.  i.  493.)— I  have 
several  times  seen  this  experiment  tried,  and,  if 
my  memory  serve  me  right,  invariably  with  the 
same  results. 

The  bottle  being  tightly  corked,  a  strong  piece 
of  sail-cloth  was  placed  as  a  cap  over  the  cork, 
and  this  was  firmly  secured  by  a  lashing  round 
the  neck.  I  do  not  remember  the  depth  to  which 
it  was  sunk,  but  on  being  drawn  up  the  bottle  was 
always  filled,  and  still  corked  ;  the  cork,  however, 
was  reversed,  the  small  end  being  uppermost. 

A.  C.  M. 

Exeter. 

Leverets  with  a  White  Star  (P'  S.  xi.  41.  111.) 
—  I  have  always  understood  tliat  the  white  star 
in  the  forehead  indicated  the  male  sex,  the  buck 
of  the  leveret,  and  that  it  disappears  in  the  course 
of  the  first  j; ear.  Henky  Stkpheks. 


60 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


L2nd  s.  No  29.,  July  19.  '56. 


Passports  (2°*  S.  ii.  29.)  — Your  correspondent 
Scoxus's  inquiry  relatin<^  to  passports  induces  me 
to  forward  to  you  the  copy  of  a  passport  for 
Doctor  Pates,  when  sent  ambassador  to  the 
Emperor  from  Henry  VIII.  in  1540. 

It  is  preserved  in  the  Cottonian  Manuscript, 
Cali};.  B  X.  fol.  108.  b.,  and  is  entirely  in  the  hand- 
writing of  Lord  Cromwell  himself: 

"After  my  riglit  hertj'  commendacons  Thise  shalbe 
tadvertise  you  that  whereas  the  Kings  Mat'«  hath  ap- 
poineted  his  Trusty  conseiller  Mr.  Doctor  Pates  archedea- 
con  of  Lincoln  to  he  his  Grac's  ambassader  resident  with 
Themperur,  His  Highnes  sending  him  over  for  that  pur- 
pose witii  diligence  so  that  be  shall  leave  a  grete  part  of 
his  trahyn  behynd.  hath  willed  me  to  signifie  vnto  you 
his  graciouse  pleasur  and  coniaundement  that  ye  shal 
permitte  and  suffre  the  said  Doctor  Pates  to  departe  oute 
of  this  his  Grac's  Realm,  towne  and  Marches  of  Calais, 
and  to  passe  in  the  parties  of  beyond  the  see  with  his  ser- 
vaunts  money  baggs  baggages  utensils  and  necessaries  at 
his  liberie  withoute  any  maner  your  let,  serche,  trouble, 
or  interruption  to  the  contrarye.  And  further  that  ye 
shal  see  him  with  all  diligence  and  celerite  furnished  with 
convenient  passage  and  all  other  necessaries  accordingly. 
Thus  ffare  ye  right  hertely  well.  From  London  this  ix*'* 
of  Aprill  the  xxxj"»  yere  of  his  Graces  most  noble  Regne, 
"  Your  louyng  fFreend, 

"  Thoms  Crumwell." 
H.  E. 

"  The  cow  and  the  smiffers  "  (2'"^  S.  ii.  20.)  — 
The  song  in  which  allusion  is  made  to  this  sign, 
was  introduced  in  the  farce  of  The  Irishman  in 
London,  or  the  Happy  African.  The  farce  was  an 
adaptation  of  an  old  piece,  by  the  present  Mr. 
Macready's  father.  It  was  first  produced  for 
Jack  Johnstone's  benefit  at  Covent  Garden,  on 
•April  21,  1792  ;  the  elder  Macready  playing  Col- 
loony,  and  Johnstone  Murtoch  Delany.  Macready 
was  a  great  hand  at  changing  old  pieces  into  new. 
As  he  made  this  mutation  of  the  Intriguing  Foot- 
man into  the  Irishman  in  London,  so  again,  to  serve 
Johnstone,  in  May  1795,  he  adapted  Taverner's 
Artful  Husband,  and  made  of  it  a  poor  comedy 
called  The  Bank  Note.  The  adapter  played  Selby, 
and  Johnstone  Killeavy.  J.  Doean. 


BOOKS    AND     ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.  of  the  following  Boo'ks  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose  : 

The  Art  Journal.    First  Series,  to  1818  inclusive. 

Wanted  by  WiUiam  Blood,  9.  William  Street,  Dublin. 


Tennent's  Christianity  in  Ceylon. 

Rambles  in  Cevlon.    Le  Butts. 

Hopfmeis'er's  Cevlon  and  C  intinhntal  India. 

Marshall's  Cevlon.    I  Vol.    12mo. 

Campbell's  ExcoasiONS  in  Cevlon.    2  Vols.    8V0. 

J.  Russell's  Ckvi.on  and  India.    1  Vol.     12mo. 

Forbes'  Kleven  Years  in  Cevlon.    2  Vols. 

Percival'^  Ce>lon. 

Selkirk's  Recollections  op  Ceylon. 

TJpham's  Sacred  and  Historical  Books  of  Ceylon.     3  Vols.    8vo. 

Hsbeh's  Journal. 

Wanted  by  W.  4-  B.,  9.  Ironmonger  Lane,  London. 


Small  4to.    John 


Bernard  (Richard),  Translation    op   Terence. 
Legate,  Cambridge.    l.^S. 

LiPE  op  William  Parsons.    (17no_1730  ?) 

Dean  (John).    A  Letter  from  Moscow  to  Marquis  Carhajithen. 

VoYAOE  "p  the  Nottingham  Galley.    8vo.    Lond.,  1711. 

A  Falsification  op  the  Vovaoe. 

JoHMsoN    (.Richard).    Cobsds   Eqoestris  Nottinghamiensis.      Lond.. 
1709. 

Johnson  (Richard).    Additions  and   Emendations  to  the  Grammati- 
cal Commentaries.    8vo.    17S8. 

Johnson  (Richard).    Noctes  NoTTiNOHAMicffl.    8vo.    1718. 

Clay  (J.)    The  Psalm -sinofrs'  Dhliohtpul  Companion.    1720. 

Seasonable  Cons'derations  on  the  Corn  Trade.    8vo.     1754. 

HAMMo^D  (Samuel).    Yoono  English  Scholar's  Guide.    Lond.,  (1750 
—80?) 

Upton  (Mrs.  Catherine).    Misckllaneods  Pieces.    Loud.,  1781.    4to. 

Byron,  Hours  of  Idleness.    Ridge. 

Wanted  by  S.  F.  Creawell,  St.  Jolm's  College,  Cambridge. 


Valpy's  Delphin  Classics.    Complete. 

Collinson's  Somerset.    3  Vols. 

Savage's  Carhampton. 

Catena  AuREA.    By  Thomas  Aquinas.    8  Vols. 

Baronial  Halls.     Edited  by  S.  C.  Hall.    An  early  copy. 

Richardson's  Old    English  Mansions.    An  early  copy. 

Wanted  by  3fr.  Simms,  Bookseller,  Batli. 


fiatltei  to  €'arrtifiaiHjenti. 

We  are  compelled  to  postpone  until  next  week  many  articles  of  r/reat 
interest,  amongst  which  we  may  mention  some  Inedited  Papers  resiiecting 
the  Earl  of  Essex,  and  also  ottr  usual  Notes  on  Books. 

Paper  Mark.  In  the  article  thus  headed  in  our  last  N'o.  p.  37.  col.  i., 
is  a  most  curious  and  annoying  misprint,  by  which  the  word  "  not  "  ia 
substituted  for  "most,"  and  Chabtophylax  is  represented  as  having 
"  not "  coi-rectly  fixed  the  date  of  this  paper  mark;  whereas  X  wrote  that 
he  had  dune  so  "  most "  correctly. 

A.  A.  D.  who  asks  respecting  the  origin  of  the  air  cf  God  Save  the 
King  is  informed  that  in  the  first  edition  of  Mr.  Chappell's  vahiable  Col- 
lection of  National  Airs,  pp.  83.,  4rc-.  and  193.  he  ascribes  the  words  and 
music  without  hesitation  to  Henry  Carey,  ajid  we  have  no  reason  to  be- 
lieve that  Fubsequent  researches  have  induced  him  to  change  his  vieios  of 
their  authorship. 

Queen  Elizabeth's  Letter  to  Edmund  Plowdfn.  The  Query  on 
this  subject  forwarded  by  F.J. "B.  has  already  appeared.    Sec  2nd  S.  1.  12. 

Phosbe  Arden.  What  is  the  object  of  this  communication  f  Are  the 
MSS.  referred  to  for  sale? 

M.  The  inscription  on  the  Venetian  coin  (2nd  S.  i.  513.)  is  not  correctly 
given.  It  sliould  read  "  Vio  Premiera  La  Costanza,"  God  loill  reward 
the  Constant. 

J.  H.  M.  a  copy  of  the  alphabet  in  the  old  black  letter,  of  different 
sizes,  maybe  obtained  from  the  specimen  books  i^^sued  by  the  various  type- 
founders, and  which  may  be  found  in  Vie  counting-houses  of  any  respect-' 
able  printer. 

J.  L.  P.  Newspapers  of  a  much  older  date  than  those  possessed  by  our 
correspondent  may  be  had  ia  the  metropolis  for  a  very  trifling  sum. 

R.  W.  The  subject  of  "  Beech-trees  struck  with  lightning"  has  been 
discussed  in  our  1st  S.  vi.  129.  231.  ;  vii.  25. ;  x.  513. 

C.  W.  B.  The  celebrated  Letter  to  a  Dissenter,  noticed  in  the  second 
vol.  ofMacaulay's  History  is  reprinted  in  Somers's  Tracts,  by  Scntt.  vol. 
ix.  p.  51.,  where  it  makes  seven  closely  printed  quarto  pages,  which,  we 
fear,  wimld  be  too  long  a  document  for  our  "  Illustrations.''^  It  teas  writ- 
ten by  George  Savile,  Marquis  of  Halifax. 

3.  O.  Prison  Amusements,  by  Paul  Positive,  1797,  is  by  James  Mont- 
gomery,  ami  is  noticed  by  his  biographers  in  his  Memoirs,  vol.  i.  p.  283. 

Erratum.  —  2nd  S.  i.  491.  col.  1. 1.  43.,/or  "  Palmer  "  read  "  Martin." 

The  Index  to  First  Volume  op  Second  Series,  which  we  publish 
this  day,  has  in  compliance  with  the  wishes  of  several  su'scribers  been 
printed  m  the  same  type  as  the  General  Index  to  thb.  Twelve  Volumes. 

Index  to  the  First  Series.  As  this  is  now  publishi-d,  and  the  im- 
pression is  a  limited  one.  such  of  our  readers  as  desire  copies  woidd  do 
■well  to  intimate  their  wish  to  their  respective  booksellers  iiithout  delay. 
Our  publi-hers,  Messrs.  Bell  &  Daldv,  will  forward  copies  by  post  on 
receipt  qfa  Post  Office  Older  for  Five  Shillings. 

"Notes  and  (Queries"  is  published  at  Twon  on  Friday,  so  that  the 
Country  Booksellers  may  receive  Copies  in  that  night's  parcels,  and 
deliver  them  to  their  Subscribers  on  the  Saturday. 

"  Notes  and  Queries  "  is  also  issued  in  Monthly  Parte, /or  the  con- 
venience of  those  who  may  either  have  a  difficulty  in  procuring  the  un- 
stamped weekly  Numbers,  or  prefer  receiving  it  monthly.  While  parties 
resident  in  the  country  or  abi-oaa,  who  maybe  desirous  of  receiving  the 
weekly  Numbers,  may  have  stamted  copies  forwarded  direct  from  the 
Publisher.  The  subscription  for  the  stamped  edition  of  "  Not>s  and 
Queries  "  (including  a  very  copious  Index)  is  eleven  shillings  and  four- 
pence  for  six  months,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order,  drauni  m 
favour  qfthe  Publisher,  Mr.  George  Bell,  No.  186.  Fleet  Street. 


2'>'»  S.  No  30.,  Jm.r  26.  '56.  "| 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


61 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JULY  26,  1850. 

PBAYEHS    OFFERED     UP    IN    CITY     CHURCHES    FOB 
THE    EAHIi    OP   ESSEX   IN    1599. 

The  affectionate  interest  felt  by  the  people  of 
London  in  the  welfare  of  Robert,  Earl  of  Essex, 
was  exhibited  in  several  ways  which  were  not  at 
all  agreeable  to  Queen  Elizabeth.  Amongst  them 
it  is  known  that,  on  the  occasion  of  his  serious 
illness  iu  December  1599,  he  was  prayed  for  in 
several  of  the  city  churches,  and  that  a  concourse 
of  ministers  watched  round  what  was  believed  to 
be  his  dying  bed.  It  has  not  been  noticed,  that 
those  ministers  were  called  before  the  council  to 
answer  for  their  conduct  on  this  occasion,  nor  has 
it  been  explained  in  what  way  tlieir  public  prayers 
were  introduced  into  the  service  of  the  church. 
The  first  and  second  of  the  following  papers 
(which  have  been  kindly  placed  in  our  hands 
for  publication  by  the  gentleman  to  whom  they 
belong)  give  information  upon  these  subjects. 
They  contain  the  explanations  given  by  three  of 
these  ministers  to  the  council.  They  were  all  the 
earl's  chaplains.  Two  of  them  contented  them- 
selves with  praying  simply  for  the  earl  in  his  con- 
dition of  a  sick  man ;  the  third  added  a  prayer  for 
his  restoration  to  the  favour  of  his  sovereign. 
The  two  former  probably  escaped  censure ;  of  the 
last  it  is  shortly  recorded,  "  he  is  committed." 
Facts  like  these  tend  to  explain,  on  the  one  hand, 
how  Essex  was  led  to  commit  the  wretched  folly 
which  conducted  him  to  the  scaffold ;  and,  on  the 
other,  how  the  government  of  Elizabeth  came  to 
the  conclusion  that  nothing  but  his  blood  could 
satisfactorily  atone  for  his  wild  and  singular  es- 
capade. 

The  third  paper  relates  to  the  same  earl,  but  to 
an  earlier  period  of  his  stormy  career.  It  is 
chiefly  remarkable  as  exhibiting  the  odd  position 
in  which  he  was  placed  by  the  queen's  thriftiness 
and  the  shrewdness  of  the  auditors  of  the  United 
Provinces.  Between  them,  the  earl  seems  to  have 
run  considerable  risk  of  losing  his  allowance  as 
general  of  the  queen's  forces  in  the  Low  Coun- 
ti'ies. 

L 
30  Decemb.,  1599. 
The  forme  of  prayer  conceived  by  George  Downe- 
man,  in  the  behalfe  of  the  Earle  of  Essex,  being 
visited  w"'  sicknes,  whose  chaplen  although  the 
said  party  be,  yet  he  hath  refrayned  to  mention 
him  in  his  prayer  untill  about  a  fourtnight  since 
he  understoode  that  he  was  daungerously  sicke, 
and  then,  w^'out  mentioning  either  of  his  other 
troubles  or  his  cause,  or  w"'out  having  or  being 
at  any  extraordinary  assembly,  he  prayed  thus, 
having  in  generall  commended  the  destressed 
estate  of  the  afflicted  : 


"  And  more  specially  we  commende  unto  [thee] 
the  destressed  estate  of  the  Earle  of  Essex,  whom 
it  hath  pleased  thee  to  visit  w""  sicknesse,  beseach- 
ing  thee  to  looke  downe  upon  him  in  pity  and 
compassion,  and  in  thy  good  time  ^o  release  him 
from  his  greefe  eyther  by  restoring  him  to  his 
health  (w"**  mercy  we  doe  crave  at  thy  handes,  if 
it  may  stande  w*^  thy  glory  and  his  good  —. — ),* 
or  otherwese  by  receiving  him  to  thy  mercy,  and 
in  the  meane  season  we  beseech  thee  to  support 
and  strengthen  him  by  the  comfortable  assistance 
of  thy  gracious  Spirit,  that  he  may  meekely  and 
thankfully  beare  thy  holy  hande,  and  by  the  same 
Spirit  worke  in  him,  we  pray  thee,  thyne  owne 
good  worke  of  grace  and  sanctification,  that  when- 
soever he  shalbe  translated  out  of  this  life,  he  may 
be  received  into  thyne  everlasting  tabernacles  and 
crowned  w*""  immortality." 

By  me,  George  Downeman,  "j 
parson  of  St.  Margarets  |- Decemb,  30, 1599. 
in  Lothbury,  J 

The  Vicar  of  St.  Brides,  after  his  prayer  for 
y^  Q.  Ma*'",  giving  her  her  stile,  and  for  y*"  no- 
belity,  remembers  allso  his  honourable  Lord  j* 
Erie  of  Essex,  praying  for  his  good  health,  for  y* 
he  was  his  chaplen  this  3  or  4  yeres  past :  and 
otherwise  during  this  restraint  hath  not  inter- 
medled  w*''  any  other  publique  prayers  or  assem- 
blies in  any  chui'ch  for  him, 

[Signed,  in  the  same  hand  as  the  above.] 

Henry  Holland,  Vicar  of  St.  Brides. 

[Endorsed] 

30  Decemb^  1599, 
The  answers   of  M'"  Downham,  parson  of  S' 

Margarets,  Lothberye ;  and  M''  Holland,  Vicar  of 

S*  Brids,  towching  theyr  prayers  for  the  Earle  of 

Essex. 

IL 
Ult'  Decemb"-,  1599. 

T,  David  Eobertes,  Bacheler  of  Dyvinitie,  in  my 
praier  for  the  churche,  her  Majestic,  and  the 
state,  used  allso  theise  or  the  like  wordes  in 
effecte  for  the  Earle  of  Essex  my  ho.  good 
Lorde  and  master,  upon  Christmas  daye  laste  f , 
in  my  pishe  churche  of  Sainct  Androes  in  the 
Wardrobe,  London : 

"  And  as  my  particuler  duetie  more  speciallie 
bindethe  me,  I  humblie  beseeche  thee,  deere 
ffather,  to  looke  mercifuUie  w*''  thy  gracious  fa- 
voure  uppon  that  noble  Barake  thy  servaunte 
the  Earle  of  Essex,  strengtheninge  him  in  the 
inwarde  man  againste  all  his  enemies.  O  Lorde, 
make  his  bedde  in  this  his  sickenes  that  soe  thy 
gracious  corrections  nowe  uppon  him  raaie  be 
easie  and  comfortable  unto  him  as  thy  fatherlie 


*  The  paragraph  is  not  completed  in  the  original, 
t  The  last  four  words  suMituted  for  others  erased. 


62 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»'»  S.  N»  30.,  July  26.  '56. 


Instruccoiis,  and  in  tliy  good  tynie  restore  hiin 
unto  his  former  healthe  and  gracious  favoure  of 
his  and  our  most  dreade  Soveraigne,  to  thy  glory, 
the  good  of  this  churche  and  kingedome,  and  the 
greeffe  and  discouragemente  of  all  wicked  Edom- 
jTES  that  beare  evill  will  to  Sign,  and  sale  to  the 
v/alles  of  JjiRUSALEM,  '  There,  there,  downe  with 
it ;  downe  with  it  to  the  grounde.'  " 

(Signed)    David  Robebtes. 

[In  another  hand] 
He  is  comitted. 

[Endorsed] 

29  Decemb.,  1599. 
Mr.  Roberts,  parson  of  St.  Andrewes  Wardrope, 
his  prayers  in  his  sermons  for  y*"  Earle  of  Essex. 

III. 

The  Erie  had  authoritye  by  commission,  undre 
y*  great  scale  of  Englande,  to  dispose  of  y^  trea- 
sour  secundum  sanam  discretionem  suam. 

His  discretion  was  for  his  own  enterteignment 
of  generall  of  her  Ma""  forces,  to  take  y"  same 
allowaunce  that  y*  Erie  of  Pembroke,  Generall  of 
Q.  Mai-yes  forces  at  St.  Quinctynes  had :  viz.  for 
him  selfe  and  sondry  oflicers,  about  10*  14'  by 
daye,  that  Erie  being  of  no  greater  qualitye  than 
he,  nor  his  army  of  more  numbers ;  and  y'  by 
advise  of  M"^  Secretary  Walsingham,  who  gave 
him  a  draught  of  y"  Erie  of  Pembrokes  allowaunce 
for  president. 

According  to  this  president  and  rate  he  was 
allwayes  paide ;  the  Q.  TVeasouro"",  Musterm"^  and 
Audito"^  of  y"  campe  never  fynding  fault  whyles 
he  lyved. 

The  Q.  Ma"®,  after  5  or  6  monethes  (as  I  take 
it)  of  his  being  there,  being  desirous  to  be  en- 
formed  of  y''  estate  of  her  expences,  was  accord- 
ingly advertised  by  her  officers,  and  amongest  the 
rest,  of  this  allowance  and  rate,  and  there  was  not 
then  any  fault  fownde  w"'  it. 

Mr.  Huddlestone,  her  Ma""  Treasouro"",  after 
the  leaving  of  his  office  and  before  his  deathe, 
joyning  w*"*  M"^  Audito"^  Hut,  Audito""  of  y"  campe, 
did  make  up  w*"*  y*  Erles  officers  a  perfect  reacon- 
ing  and  accompt  for  all  Lowe  Country  matters  of 
accompt  betwene  them,  and  therein  did  passe  this 
allowance  and  rate  w"'out  contradiction. 

The  same  M'  Huddlestone  passed  his  accompt 
of  Treasouro'  w"'  Audito"  appointed  by  y"  Court 
of  Excheaq"'^  of  Englande,  and  therein  passed  this 
allowance  and  rate  w"'out  scruple  and  w"'  their 
allowaunce,  and  not  as  a  matter  of  petition  but 
authenticall. 

S"^  Tho.  Sherley  succeading  M''  Huddlestone  in 
y""  office  of  her  Ma"'''  Treasouro'',  payde  allwayes 
according  to  this  rate  and  none  other  w'^out  any 
doubt  made  thereof,  and  at  the  last  retourn  of  y'' 
Erie  to  y'^  Lowe  Countryes  finished  bis  accompt 
w*"  the  Erles  pfficers  acQordingly. 


The  estates  of  y^  Lowe  Countryes,  being  to  re- 
paye  her  Ma""'  expenses  to  her  Ma"",  desired  an 
accompt  of  y''  whole  after  one  year.  Mr.  Huddle- 
stoii,  then  Treasouro""  to  her  Ma"",  by  order  from 
Englande,  gave  them  an  accompt  of  y"  whole,  and 
therein  namely  of  this  allowance  and  rate.  They, 
in  their  censures  and  apostelles  upon  y*  accompt, 
mislyking  many  other  pointes,  allow  this  by 
speciall  wordes,  and  do  make  allowance  of  it  to 
her  Ma"%  so  her  Ma""  loseth  nothing  by  it. 

The  same  Estates  allowing  to  the  Erie  for  his 
enterteignment  of  Gouverno'  Generall  (not  of  her 
Ma""'  forces,  but)  of  their  Countryes,  10000'  by 
yeare,  saving  so  mutche  to  be  cut  of  as  her  Ma"'' 
alloweth  him  for  his  office  of  Generall  of  her 
forces  :  when  they  came  to  accompt  w"'  y"  Erie, 
did  cut  him  of  10'  14'  by  daye  after  this  rate,  be- 
cause they  sawe  her  Ma""  had  allowed  him  so 
muche.  Nowe  yf  her  Ma""  revoke  this  allowaunce 
from  y*  Erie  and  have  taken  according  to  it  of  y® 
Estates,  her  Ma""  for  y'  parte  nowe  to  be  des- 
allowed,  shalbe  double  gayner,  and  y"  Erie  shall 
lose  it  utterly ;  whereas  her  Ma""  disallowing  it 
at  y"  firste,  he  mought  have  had  it  of  y"  Estates, 
w"''  nowe,  y"  accompt  beinge  passed,  he  can  not. 
[Endorsed] 

Concerning  the  Earl  of  Essex,  temp.  Qu.  FA'iz. 


THOMAS   GABNE*,   KING   "DESIGNATE"   OF   BU- 
CHAKIA. 

In  Ulachwood's  Magazine  for  the  present  month 
TMay),  the  writer  of  an  article  entitled  "  The  Scot 
A^broad,"  quotes  Sir  Thomas  Urquhart  for  the  re- 
markable fact  that  a  gigantic  Scottish  colonel,  by 
name  Thomas  Game,  in  the  service  of  the  Mus- 
covites about  the  middle  of  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury, had  been  formally  invited  to  occupy  the 
throne  of  Bucharia.  The  circumstance  of  itself 
is  sufficiently  singular;  but  the  Avhole  story  be- 
comes doubly  curious  and  interesting  when 
coupled  with  the  old  Cromartie  Baronet's  de- 
scription of  the  physical  and  mental  endowments 
of  this  model  man  of  war,  and  I  make  no  apology 
for  presenting  it  to  your  readers  in  extenso.  In 
enumerating  the  principal  officers  in  General 
Leslie's  Scottish  legion  in  the  Russian  service, 
there  was.  Sir  Thomas  tells  us : 

"Colonel  Thomas  Game,  who  for  the  height  and 
grosseness  of  his  person,  being  in  his  stature  taller,  and 
greater  in  his  compass  of  body,  then  any  within  six 
Icingdomes  about  him,  was  elected  King  of  Bucharia,  the 

*  This  name  furnishes  another  example  of  the  "  uncer- 
tainty of  spelling  names ; "  it  is  evidently  the  modern 
Garden,  and  older  Gardyne,  colloquially  Game,  Gairn, 
&c.  In  Burke's  Landed  Gentry,  allusion  is  made  to 
"  Colonel  Gardyne  of  the  Russian  service,"  who  was,  un- 
doubtedly, the  hero  of  Sir  Thomas's  eulogy,  and  the  ob- 
ject of  the  BucUamns' affection, 


2»<is,  No30.,  July26. '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


63 


inliabitants  of  that  country  being  more  inclined  to  tender 
tlieir  obedience  to  a  man  of  a  burly  pitch  like  him,  whose 
magnitude  being  every  way  proportionable  in  all  its  di- 
mensions, and  consisting  rather  in  bones  than  flesh,  was 
no  load  to  the  niinde,  nor  hindrance  to  the  activity  of  his 
body,  then  to  a  lower  sized  man,  because  they  would 
shun  equalitj-,  as  near  as  they  could,  with  him  of  whom 
they  should  make  choice  to  be  their  sovreigu ;  they  es- 
teeming nothing  more  disgraceful,  nor  of  greater  dispa- 
ragement to  the  reputation  of  that  state,  than  that  their 
king  should  through  disadvantage  of  stature  be  looked 
down  upon  by  any  whose  affaires  of  concernment  perhaps 
for  the  weal  of  the  crown,  might  occasion  a  mutual  con- 
ference face  to  face.  lie  had  ambassadors  sent  to  him  to 
receive  the  croA\  n,  sceptre,  sword,  and  all  the  other  roj'al 
cognizances  belonging  to  the  supreme  majesty  of  that 
nation ;  but  I  heard  him  say,  that  the  only  reason  he  re- 
fused their  splendid  offers,  and  would  not  undergo  the 
charge  of  that  regal  dignity,  Avas  because  he  had  no  sto- 
mach to  be  circumcised:  however,  this  uncircumsised 
Game,  agname  the  Sclavpnian,  and  upright  Gentile,  for 
that  he  loves  good  fellowship,  and  is  of  a  very  gentile 
conversation,  served  as  a  colonel  together  with  the  fore- 
named  live,  and  other  unmentioned  colonels  of  the  Scot- 
tish nation  in  that  service,  against  the  Crim  Tartar,  under 
the  command  of  both  his  and  their  compatriot,  Sir  Alex. 
Leslie*,  generalissimo  of  all  the  forces  of  the  whole  Em- 
pire of  Russia ;  which  charge,  the  wars  against  the  Tar- 
tarian beginning  afresh,  he  hath  re-obtained,  and  is  in 
the  plenary  enjoyment  thereof,  as  I  believe,  at  the  same 
instant  time,  and  that  with  such  approbation  for  fidelity 
and  valour  that  never  any  hath  been  more  faithfuU  in 
the  discharge  of  his  duty,  nor  of  a  better  conduct  in 
the  infinite  dangers  through  which  he  hath  past."  — 
EK2KYBAAAYP0N :  or  the  Discovert/  of  a  most  Exquisite 
Jewel,  8fc.  §'c.,  serving  in  this  Place  to  frontal  a  Vindication 
of  the  Honour  of  Scotland,  kc.  8fc.  London :  Cottrell, 
1652.— Reprinted  in  T/ie  Works  of  Sir  T.  U.,  Maitland 
Club,  4to.,  Edin.  1834. 

J.  o. 


ILLUSTRATIONS   or   MACAULAY. 
THE    cavalier's   COMPLAINT. 

To  the  Tune  of  "  Tic  tell  thee,  Dick,"  Sfc. 

Come  Jack,  let's  drink  a  pot  of  Ale 
And  I  shall  tell  thee  such  a  Tale, 

Will  make  thine  eares  to  ring  : 
My  Coyne  is  spent,  my  time  is  lost 
And  I  this  only  fruit  can  boast 

That  once  I  saw  my  King. 

But  this  doth  most  afflict  my  mind  ; 
I  went  to  Court  in  hope  to  find, 

Some  of  my  friends  in  place  : 
And  walking  there  I  had  a  sight, 
Of  all  the  Crew,  but  by  this  light 

I  hardly  knew  one  face. 

S'  life  of  so  many  Noble  Sparkes, 
Who  on  their  Bodies  beare  the  markes 
Of  their  Integrity : 

*  This  old  general  seems  to  have  become  a  Muscovite : 
for  we  find  him  living  at  Smolensko  in  his  ninety-ninth 
year.  —  Present  State  of  Russia,  1671. 


And  suffrcd  ruine  of  Estate, 
It  was  my  base  unhappy  Fate 
That  1  not  one  could  see. 

Not  one  upon  my  life  among 
My  old  acquaintance  all  along. 

At  Truro  and  before  : 
And  I  suppose  the  place  can  shew, 
As  few  of  those  whom  thou  didst  know, 

At  Yorke  or  Marston  Moore. 

But  truly  there  are  swarmes  of  those, 
AVhosc  Chins  are  beardlesse,  yet  their  Hose 

And  backsides  still  weare  Muffes  : 
Whilst  the  old  rusty  Cavaliers 
Retires  or  dares  not  once  appeare, 

For  want  of  Coyn  and  Cufles. 

When  none  of  those  I  could  descry, 
Who  better  farre  deserv'd  then  I, 

I  calmely  did  reflect : 
Old  Servants  by  rule  of  State, 
Like  Almanacks  grow  out  of  date, 

What  then  can  I  expect  ? 

Troth  in  contempt  of  Fortunes  frowne 
rie  get  me  fairely  out  of  Towne, 

And  in  a  Cloyster  pray  : 
That  since  the  Starres  are  yet  unkind 
To  Royalists,  the  King  may  find 

More  faithfuU  Friends  then  they. 


AN  ECHO  TO  THE  CAVALIERS  COMPLAINT. 

I  marvaile  Dick,  that  having  beene 
So  long  abroad,  and  having  scene 

The  World  as  thou  hast  done  : 
Thou  shouldst  acquaint  me  with  a  Tale 
As  old  as  Nestor,  and  as  stale, 

As  that  of  Priest  and  Nunne. 

Arc  we  to  learne  what  is  a  Court  ? 
A  Pageant  made  for  Fortunes  sport,' 

Where  merits  scarce  appeare  : 
For  bashfull  merits  only  dwels 
In  Camps,  in  Villages,  and  Cels, 

Alas  it  comes  not  there. 

Desert  is  nice  in  its  addresse, 
And  merit  oft  times  doth  oppresse, 

Beyond  what  guilt  would  doe  : 
But  they  are  sure  of  their  Demands,' 
That  come  to  Court  with  Golden  hands. 

And  brazen  faces  too. 

The  King  indeed  doth  still  professe. 
To  give  his  Party  soone  Redresse, 

And  cherish  Honesty : 
But  his  good  wishes  prove  in  vaine 
Whose  service  with  his  Servants  gaine 

Not  alwayes  doth  agree. 

All  Princes  be  they  ne're  so  wise 
Are  faine  to  see  with  other  eyes, 


64 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"<i  S.  No  30.,  July  26.  '66. 


But  seldome  heare  at  all : 
And  Courtiers  find  their  Interest 
In  time  to  feather  well  their  Nest, 

Providing  for  their  Fall. 

Our  comfort  doth  on  time  depend, 
Things  when  they  are  at  worst  will  mend, 

And  let  us  but  reflect 
On  our  condition  t'other  day. 
When  none  but  Tyrants  bore  the  sway, 

What  did  we  then  expect  ? 

Meanwhile  a  calme  retreat  is  best 
But  discontent  if  not  supprest. 

Will  breed  Disloyalty : 
This  is  the  constant  note  I'le  sing, 
I  have  been  faithfull  to  the  King 

And  so  shall  live  and  dye. 

No.  2641.  of  the  Collection  of  Proclamations, 
&c.,  presented  to  the  Chetham  Library,  Man- 
chester, by  James  O.  Halliwell,  Esq.,  F.R.S. 

BiBLIOTHECAR.  ChETHAM, 


Prince  of  Orang-e  (2"'^  S.  i.  370. ;  ii.  6.)  —  Be- 
fore writing  my  note  on  the  De  Witts,  I  had  exa- 
mined the  pamphlet  to  which  P.  H.  refers.  It  is 
not  the  sentence  of  a  real  court,  but  a  "  pasquil " 
made  up  of  the  charges  in  circulation  against  the 
brothers,  put  in  the  form  of  a  judgment.  The 
attesting  witnesses  are,  "  De  Borgery  van  de  7 
Provincien,  en  alle  Liefhebbers  en  voorstanders 
van  Gods  Kerck  en  het  lieve  Vaterlandt." 

I  do  not  think  that  any  sentence  was  passed  on 
John  De  Witt.  H.  B.  C. 

U.  U.  Club. 


DISSECTION. 


"  To  be  dissected  and  anatomized." — Sentence  on  Murderers. 

"  Poor  brother  Tom  had  an  accident  this  time  twelve- 
month, and  so  clever  made  a  fellow  he  was,  that  I  could 
hot  save  him  from  those  flaying  rascals  the  surgeons,  and 
now,  poor  man,  he  is  among  the  'otomies  at  Surgeons' 
Hall."  —  Mat  of  the  Mint,  Beggar's  Opera. 

I  am  rather  at  a  loss  to  account  for  the  change 
in  the  law  which  took  place  a  few  years  ago,  by 
which  the  murderer  was  relieved  of  that  part  of 
his  sentence  which  devoted  bis  body  to  dissection, 
for  the  improvement  of  science.  I  have  been  the 
more  inclined  to  doubt  the  policy  of  this  measure 
from  the  perusal  of  several  of  the  older  volumes  of 
the  Annual  Register,  from  which  it  appears,  in  a 
great  many  instances,  that  nothing  has  been  so 
terrible,  or  made  the  most  hardened  culprit  shud- 
der, as  the  judge  pronouncing  this  part  of  the 
sentence.  Not  to  trespass  too  much  on  your  co- 
lumns, I  will  only  quote  two  cases. 

Lord  Ferrers  on  April  18,  1760,  had  sen- 
tence passed  upon  him,  by  which  he  was  to  be 
hanged  by  the  neck  till  he  was  dead,  after  which 


his  body  was  to  be  delivered  to  Surgeons'  Hall  to 
be  dissected  and  anatomized :  at  this  part  of  the 
sentence  his  lordship  cried  out,  "  God  forbid ! " 
{Annual  Register,  1760,  pp.  38.  93.) 

Dumas  the  highwayman  declared  that  he  valued 
not  death,  but  only  the  thoughts  of  being  anato- 
mized. He  was  the  favourite  of  the  ladies,  and 
while  in  prison  was  frequently  visited  by  them, 
which  gave  rise  to  the  song,  — 

"  Certain  Belles  to  Dumas. 

"  Joy  to  thee,  lovely  thief!  that  thou 
Hast  'scap'd  the  fatal  string ; 
Let  gallows  groan  with  ugly  rogues, 
Dumas  must  never  swing,"  &c. 

This  was  made  upon  one  of  his  acquittals.  {An- 
nual Register,  1761,  pp.  51.  88.) 

I  am  not  for  showing  leniency  to  murderers,  and 
would  ask  why  the  former  sentence  should  not  be 
re-enacted  ?  a. 


EPITAPHS    AT   WINCHESTEB. 

(P'  S.  xii.  424.) 

I  transmit  the  following  epitaph  for  insertion 
in  "N.  &  Q.,"  where  I  wonder  that  it  has  not 
hitherto  appeared.  I  copied  it  from  an  inscription 
on  a  tombstone  in  the  churchyard  of  Winchester 
Cathedral,  and  a  military  friend  then  quartered 
there  informed  me  that  a  statement  once  appeared 
in  Frasers  Magazine  to  the  effect  that  the  qua- 
train commencing  "  Here  sleeps  in  peace,"  was 
written  by  Dr.  Benjamin  Hoadley,  sometime 
Bishop  of  Winchester.  Now,  as  Bishop  Hoadley 
died  April  17,  1761,  it  is  plain  that  he  could  not 
have  written  an  epitaph  on  a  person  who  survived 
him  more  than  three  years. 

I  have  divided  the  lines  exactly  as  they  appear 
on  the  tombstone,  and  beg  to  direct  your  attention 
to  the  ambiguity  of  "  when  hot,"  "which  might 
apply  to  the  "  beer  "  or  to  its  victim  ;  also  to  the 
disembodiment  of  the  North  Hants  Militia  iu 
April,  1802,  being  assignable  (owing  to  the  ob- 
scure language)  to  the  destruction  of  the  "  ori- 
ginal stone,"  and  not  to  the  peace  of  Amiens, 
which  was  ratified  in  March,  1802.  The  inference 
drawn  by  the  poet  that  the  grenadier  was  killed 
by  the  smallness  of  the  beer,  and  not  by  its  want 
of  caloric,  is  as  original  as  it  is,  doubtless,  correct. 

"  In  memory  of 
THOMAS  THETCHER, 
a  Grenadier  in  the  North  Regiment 
of  Hants  Militia,  who  died  of  a 
violent  fever  contracted  by  drinking 
small  beer  when  hot  the  12th  of  May, 

1764,  aged  26  years. 
In  grateful  remembrance  of  whose  universal 
good-will  towards  his  Comrades  this  Stone 
is  placed  here  at  their  expense  as  a  small 
testimony  of  their  regard  and  concern. 


2'>d  S.  No  30.,  July  26,  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


65 


Here  sleeps  in  peace  a  Hampshire  Grenadier, 
Wlio  caught  his  death  by  drinking  cold  small  beer. 
Soldiers,  be  wise  from  his  untimely  fall, 
And,  when  ye  're  hot,  drink  strong,  or  none  at  all. 


This  Memorial  being  decayed  was  restor'd 
by  the  Officers  of  the  Garrison,  a.d.  1781. 
An  honest  soldier  never  is  forgot, 
Whether  he  die  by  musket  or  by  pot. 
This  Stone  ivas  placed  by  the  North  Hants 
Militia  when  disembodied  at  Winchester 
on  2Qth  April,  1802,  in  consequence  of 
the  original  Stone  being  destroyed." 

I  also  send  a  transcript  of  an  epitaph  in  the 
aisle  of  the  cathedral.  It  is  engraved  on  a  black- 
ened piece  of  copper,  and  is  affixed  to  one  of  the 
pillars  in  the  vicinity  of  Bishop  Iloadley's  tomb. 
The  lines  in  this  epitaph  are  divided,  and  the 
capital  letters  allotted  exactly  as  in  the  original 
inscription,  to  the  spelling  of  which  I  have  care- 
fully adhered. 

"A  MEMORIALL 

For  the  renowned  Martialist  Richard  Boles  of  y" 
Right  Worshypfull  family  of  the  Bollcs,  in 
Linckhorne  Sheire :  Colonell  of  a  Ridgment  of  Foot 
of  1300.  who  for  his  Gratious  King  Charles  y"  First 
did  Wounders  at  the  Battell  of  Edge  Hill,  his  last 
Action ;  to  omit  all  Others  was  att  Alton  in  the 
County  of  Southampton,  was  surprised  by  five  or 
Six  Thousand  of  the  Rebells,  who  caught  him  there 
Quartered  to  liy  to  the  Church,  with  neare  fourescore 
of  his  men  who  there  fought  them  six  or  seven 
Houers,  and  then  the  Rebells  breaking  in  upon  them 
he  Slew  with  his  Sword  six  or  seven  of  them  and 
then  was  Slayne  himselfe,  with  sixty  of  his  men  aboute 
him, 

1641. 
His  Gratious  Sovereign  hearing  of  his  death,  gave 
him  his  high  Coriiendation  in  y  pationate  expression. 
Bring  me  a  Moorning  Scarfie,  i  have  Lost 
one  of  the  best  Commanders  in  this  Kingdome. 
Alton  will  tell  you  of  that  famous  tight 
which  y»  man  made  and  bade  the  World  good  Night 
His  verteous  Life  fear'd  not  mortality 
His  body  must  ms  Vertues  cannot  Die. 
Because  his  Bloud  was  there  so  nobly  spent, 
This  is  his  Tomb,  that  Church  his  Monument. 

Ricardus  Boles  in  Art.  Mag. 

Composuit,  Posuitque,  Dolens. 
An.  Dm.  1689." 

This  Richard  Boles  is  plainly  identical  with  the 
"Ri.  Boles,  M'  Art,  1689,"  mentioned  in  "N.  & 
Q.,"  2'"'  S.  i.  429.,  who  died  Rector  of  Whitnash 
Church,  Warwickshire,  subsequently  to  1689,  in 
which  year  he  completed  his  eighty-fourth  year. 

G.  L.  S. 

Conservative  Club. 


'■'■  Blaimi-sheres.'^  —  This   singular  specimen   of 
orthography  is  given  by  Mr.  Froude  :  — 

"  They  found  the  Great  Quadrant "  (of  New  College, 
Oxford)  "  full  of  the  leaves  of  Duns  (Scotus),  the  wind 


blowing  them  into  every  corner ;  and  one  Mr.  Greastfield, 
a  gentleman  of  Bucks,  gathering  up  part  of  the  same 
book  leaves,  as  he  said,  to  make  him  sewers  or  blawn- 
sheres,  to  keep  the  deer  within  his  wood,  thereby  to  have 
the  better  cry  of  his  hounds."  —  From  a  Letter  to  Crom- 
well contained  in  "The  Suppression  of  Monasteries" 
(p.  71.),  Froude's  History  of  England,  vol.  ii.  p.  418, 

It  should  have  been  written  blaunsh-eres ;  as  the 
word  is  no  other  than  the  blanchers,  or  blenchars, 
of  Sidney  and  Elyot,  "  to  keep  off  deer,  to  feare 
birds,"  quoted  in  Richardson's  Dictioriary,  sub. 
vv.,  Blanch  and  Blench.    But  what  are  sewers  f 

Q. 

Bloomsbury. 

Haddon  Hall,  SfC.  —  In  Thornbury's  Shak- 
speare's  England  occur  the  following  errors.  In 
the  first  volume,  p.  73,,  he  says  : 

"Amongst  other  noble  Tudor  erections  we  may  also 
mention,  for  the  very  names  call  up  a  thousand  associa- 
tions, Haddon  Hall,  Derbyshire  (in  ruins).  .  .  South 
Wingfield,  Derb5''shire,  dilapidated." 

And  at  p,  81, : 

"  The  following  are  a  few  of  the  palatial  houses  finished 
before  1600,  .  .  .  Hardwicke,  Derby,  Countess  of 
Shrewsbury's,  in  ruins." 

Haddon  Hall  is  nearly  unfurnished,  but  is  not  in 
ruins.  It  was  built  at  different  periods,  which  are 
traced  back  to  the  time  of  Stephen,  if  not  to  that 
of  the  Conqueror.  Part  of  it,  the  long  gallery, 
was  added  about  the  time  of  Elizabeth.  South 
Wingfield  Manor  is  a  complete  an^  very  beautiful 
ruin. 

Hardwick  Hall,  which  was  built  by  "  Bess  of 
Hardwick,"  is  in  a  perfectly  habitable  state,  and 
contains  a  great  number  of  pictures  of  celebrated 
members  of  the  family. 

The  old  hall  in  which  the  countess  was  born  is 
a  complete  ruin,  very  near  to  the  present  building. 

H.J. 

Shefiield. 

John  Till  AllingJiam,  the  dramatic  writer,  is 
allowed  a  niche  in  Mr.  Charles  Knight's  Cyclo- 
pcedia  of  Biography  now  issuing.  But  the  editor 
says  he  is  unacquainted  with  the  time  and  place 
of  his  death.  Mr.  Cromwell,  in  his  Walks  through 
Islington,  says  he  died  at  his  father's  house,  Cole- 
brooke  Terrace,  February  28,  1812;  while  The 
Examiner  newspaper,  and  another  periodical  I 
have  referred  to,  give  the  date  as  March  8,  1812. 
He  was  buried  at  Bunhill  Fields. 

Many  of  these  notices  are  founded  on  those  in 
the  Penny  Cyclopcedia,  the  errors  of  omission  and 
commission  of  which  I  hope  will  be  rectified. 
Books  of  fact  and  reference  never  can  be  too 
exact,  and  I  have  found  several  errors  of  date  and 
place  therein.  For  instance,  the  date  of  Wolfe's 
birth  is  wrong ;  and  Lord  Wellesley  died  at 
Kingston  House,  Knightsbridge,  not  the  Kingston 
House  there  stated.  H.  G.  D. 


ee 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


i2nd  s.  N»  30.,  July  26.  '6^. 


Parish  Registers. — The  necessity  of  having  all 
the  parish  registers  transcribed  and  jirinted  is 
univei'sally  admitted,  and  several  communications 
have  been  made  to  you  on  the  subject ;  but  lat- 
terly the  matter  appears  to  have  dropped.  Many 
clergymen  would  doubtless  assist  all  in  their 
power,  but  I  think  it  would  be  an  undertaking 
too  gigantic  for  private  enterprise  ;  and  from  its 
national  importance,  should  be  done  at  government 
expense. 

If  some  of  your  readers  were  to  bring  the  mat- 
ter before  Parliament,  there  is  no  doubt  it  would 
be  sanctioned  at  once.  The  affair  must  not  again 
be  allowed  to  sleep ;  as  from  the  state  of  many  of 
the  registers,  every  week  is  of  importance. 

I  will  not  presume  to  sketch  any  plan  for  car- 
rying this  into  effect,  as  many  of  your  correspon- 
dents are  far  better  versed  in  such  matters  than  I 
am.  I  only  wish  to  urge  the  immediate  necessity 
of  having  it  done  in  some  way.  W. 

Bombay. 

"  The  Pale"  North  Malvern. — Near  to  Cowley 
Park,  on  the  road  to  Leigh  Sinton,  there  is 
a  picturesque  gabled  house,  bearing  the  date 
"mdcxxxi."  This  house  is  called  "The  Pale," 
and  is  so  marked  in  the  Ordnance  Map ;  but  I  do 
not  find  any  mention  of  it  in  the  county  or  local 
histories.  Future  writers,  however,  may  be  in- 
duced to  notice  it,  and  may  possibly  be  led  into 
error  in  explaining  its  etymology.  I  have  acci- 
dentally been  put  into  possession  of  the  correct 
origin  of  the  word,  and  I  will  therefore  here  make 
a  Note  of  it.  The  house  was  built  in  1631  by  one 
who  had  acquired  a  large  fortune  as  a  baker.  He 
was  not  ashamed  of  the  trade,  by  the  profits  of 
which  he  had  become  a  "  prosperous  gentleman," 
and  he  therefore  resolved  to  call  his  newly-built 
residence  by  a  name  that  should  remind  him  and 
others  of  his  former  occupation.  The  name  he 
selected  was  "  The  Pale,"  which  is  the  title  given 
to  the  long  wooden  shovel  on  which  the  bread  Is 
placed  in  order  to  be  pushed  into  the  oven. 

CUTHBEBT  BeDE,  B.A. 

Curious  Epigram.  —  Referring  to  Wm.  M. 
W.'s  inquiry  after  the  author  of  the  epigram, 
"  Blessed  be  the  Sabbath"  ("  N.  &  Q,.,"  P'  S.  vi. 
507.),  I  beg  to  send  you  the  following  quotation 
from  a  singular  book.  Small's  Roman  Antiquities, 
Edinburgh,  1823,  App.  p.  5.,  verbatim,  in  the 
author's  slovenly  style : 

"  Another  curious  anecdote  is  told  of  Ci'omwell  when 
lying  about  Perth,  when  one  of  the  principal  contractors 
for  his  army,  of  the  name  of  Monday  or  Mundy,  by  his 
affairs  becoming  embarrassed,  had  committed  the  rash 
act  of  suicide  by  hanging  himself.  Cromwell,  it  seems, 
had  offered  a  premium  to  any  one  that  would  make  the 
most  appropriate  lines  of  poetry  on  the  occasion,  however 
short  or  sententious.  Many  elaborate  poetical  essays,  it 
is  said,  were  given  in  by  the  various  competitors  on  the 
subject;  but,  amongst  others,  u  tailor,  who  lived  at  Kin- 


fauns,  is  said  to  have  started  as  a  competitor;  but  unfor- 
tunately, his  wife,  when  she  understood  that  he  was  one, 
and  learned  also  that  he  was  about  to  set  out  for  the 
trial,  thought  it  so  ridiculous  in  him  to  appear,  that  she 
locked  up  his  clothes,  and  would  not  allow  him  a  clean 
shirt  to  appear  decent  in.  However,  it  seems  the  tailor 
had  either  found  means  to  procure  a  clean  shirt,  or  had 
gone  wanting  one,  and  delivered  in  his  essay  with  the 
rest,  consisting  only  of  four  simple  lines,  but  which  is  said 
to  have  carried  oft"  the  prize. 

" '  Bless'd  be  the  Sunday, 
Cursed  be  worldly  "pelf ; 
Tuesday  now  begins  the  week, 
Tor  Monday  has  hang'd  himself.' 

This  shows  that  Oliver,  with  all  his  apparent  morosity, 
had  not  been  insensible  to  humour." 

D.M. 
Arbroath. 

"  Pence  a  piece"  for  a  penny  a  piece.  —  Query, 
as  to  the  antiquity  and  locality  of  this  mode  of 
expression.  Has  any  notice  of  it  appeared  in 
"  N.  &  Q."  ?  As  a  market-phrase  it  was  formerly 
employed  in  Herefordshire,  but  seems  falling  into 
disuse.  An  anecdote  may  serve  to  illustrate  its 
application. 

In  the  parish  of  Llangarron,  near  Ross,  in  the 
above  county,  some  years  ago,  a  farmer's  wife  re- 
sided whose  name  was  Wood.  She  had,  upon  one 
occasion,  a  flock  of  six  geese  and  a  gander,  the 
former  in  very  good  order.  One  morning  the 
geese  were  observed  to  be  missing  ;  and  the  soli* 
tary  gander  made  his  appearance,  with  a  label 
tied  round  his  neck  containing  a  sixpence,  and  the 
following  lines  :  — 

"  Mrs.  Wood,  your  geese  are  good, 
And  we,  your  neighbours  j'onder, 
Have  bought  these  geese  at  pence  a  piece, 
And  sent  it  by  the  gander." 

The  word  yonder,  pronounced,  as  it  commonly 
is  in  the  country,  yander,  produces  the  legitimate 
rhyme.  W.  (1.) 


©ucrferf. 


LETTERS   OF  HORACE  WALPOLE. 

I  purpose,  in  the  ensuing  autumn  (Nov.  1.) 
to  commence  the  publication,  in  eight  monthly 
volumes,  of  a  new  and  revised  edition  of  the 
Letters  of  Horace  Walpole,  of  which  Mr.  Peter 
Cunningham  has  accepted  the  editorship  —  a 
guarantee  that  the  edition  will  be  carefully  edited. 
I  am  the  proprietor  of  all  the  published  letters  of 
Walpole,  and  shall  be  able  to  give  additional  value 
to  this  new  edition  from  my  own  unpublished  col- 
lection, as  well  as  the  contributions  of  friends. 
But,  being  extremely  desirous  to  render  the  edi- 
tion as  complete  as  possible,  I  venture  to  hope  for 
the  aid  of  those  who  may  possess  unpublished  let- 
ters or  papers  of  Walpole  :  for  the  use  of  which 
contributions,  due  acknowledgment  will  be  made. 
The  work  will  be  published  in  8vo.,  with  very 


2n'J  S.  No  30.,  July  20.  '50.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


67 


numerous  portraits  and  other  illustrations,  and 
printed  with  elegance.  IIiciiaud  Bentlev. 

8,  New  Burlington  Street,  July  18. 


rOREIGN   KEFORMED    LITURGIES. 

In  his  Friendly  Debate  (part  ii.  p.  227.,  ed.  6. 
8vo.,  London  1684)  Bishop  Patrick  makes  use  of 
the  following  statement : 

"  I  remember  in  the  beginning  of  the  late  wars  the 
Scottish  Forms  of  Prayer  were  printed.  And  so  were  the 
French,  and  those  of  Geneva,  and  Guernsea,  and  the 
Dutch,  to  name  no  more ;  all  translated  into  English." 

I  beg  to  solicit  the  assistance  of  those  readers  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  who  have  made  the  obscure  subject  of 
foreign  liturgical  formularies  their  special  study, 
towards  verifying  the  accuracy  of  his  remarks. 

1.  There  is  no  difficulty  in  identifying  the 
"  Scottish  Forms  "  first  referred  to  with  the  fol- 
lowing publication  : 

"  The  Service,  Discipline,  and  Forme  of  the  Common 
Prayers,  and  Administration  of  the  Sacraments,  used  in 
the  English  Church  of  Geneva ;  as  it  was  approved  by 
that  most  reverend  Divine,  M.  John  Calvin,  and  the 
Church  of  Scotland.  Humbly  presented  to  the  most  High 
Court  of  Parliament,  this  present  yeare,  1641.  London : 
printed  for  William  Cooke,  at  Furnefalls,  June,  1641." 

The  same  compilation  was  reprinted,  with  a 
slightly  different  title,  in  1643  ;  and  a  third  time 
in  The  Phceuix,  vol.  ii,  pp.  204—259. 

It  is  mainly  identical  with  the  form  generally 
known  as  the  book  of  Common  Order  adapted  by 
Knox,  Whittingham,  Parry,  and  Lever,  from  the 
Genevan  model  of  Calvin,  with  the  addition  of 
"  some  part  taken  forth  of  the  English  book 
(Church  of  England  Book  of  Common  Prayer), 
and  other  things  put  in  as  the  state  of  the  church 
required."  (Troubles  at  Frankfort,  in  The  Phoe- 
nix,  vol.  ii.  p.  71.)  It  was  printed  at  Geneva, 
with  a  preface  dated  Feb.  10,  1556,  and  seems  to 
have  been  carried  back  by  Knox  to  Scotland, 
where  an  act  of  the  General  Assembly  ordered  it 
to  be  universally  adopted,  in  December,  1562. 

2.  I  cannot,  however,  meet  with  an  English 
translation  of  the  French  ritual  within  thirty  years 
after  the  date  of  Patrick's  work.  In  the  Lambeth 
I.<ibrary  is  a  small  octavo  volume,  printed  in 
London  in  1699,  entitled  Forms  of  Prayer  used  in 
the  Reformed  Churches  in  France  before  their  Per- 
secution and  Destruction^  translated  into  English 
by  J.  T.  It  is  true  that  the  Booh  of  Discipline  of 
the  Jteformed  Cliurches  of  France  was  put  forth  in 
English  in  1642  ;  but  this  includes  only  certain 
special  offices,  viz.  those  for  baptism,  burial,  and 
excommunication.  Is  any  translation  of  the  whole 
liturgy  extant  prior  to  that  I  have  referred  to  ? 

3.  An  ICnglish  version  of  Calvin's  Genevan 
Order  was  in  existence  as  early  as  the  year  1554. 
(Troubles,  ^-c,  p.  63. ;  M'^Crie's  Life  of  Knox, 
p.  425.)     Another  was   printed    in   London  by 


AValdegrave  in  1584,  which  being  prohibited  by 
order  of  the  Star  Chamber  in  June,  1G85,  was  re- 
printed by  Ptichard  Schilders  at  Middleburgh  in 
Zealand,  in  1586.  A  third  edition  was  issued  in 
1587,  and  a  fourth  in  1602.  This  book  was  pre- 
sented by  the  Puritan  party  to  Parliament  in  1584, 
with  the  view  of  securing  that  legal  confirmation 
for  it  in  England  which  Knox's  Liturgy  (almost 
identical  with  it)  had  already  obtained  in  Scot- 
land. The  variations  of  these  several  editions  are 
clearly  exhibited  in  vols.  i.  and  iii.  of  Reliquice  Li- 
tm-giccE,  by  the  Rev.  Peter  Hall,  M.A.,  and  I  have 
no  further  inquiry  to  institute  under  this  head. 

4.  With  respect  to  the  forms  used  by  the  re- 
formed congregations  of  Guernsey,  I  am  at  a  loss 
to  supply  the  author's  reference,  unless  he  may  be 
held  to  allude  to  — 

"  The  Order  for  Ecclesiastical  Discipline,  according  to 
that  Avhich  hath  been  practised  since  the  Reformation-  of 
the  Church  in  His  Majesty's  Dominions  of  the  Isles  of 
Garnsey,  Gersey,  Spark,  and  Alderney ;  confirmed  b}'  the 
authoritie  of  the  Synode  of  the  aforesaid  lies," 

which  was  drawn  up  in  a  conclave  of  the  ministers 
and  elders  of  the  several  reformed  churches  of  the 
Channel  Islands,  held  at  the  town  of  St.  Peter's 
Port  in  Guernsey,  June  28,  1576.  A  later  im- 
pression of  the  same  book  appeared  in  1642,  the 
precise  date  to  which  Patrick's  remarks  are  calcu- 
lated to  apply.  I  am  at  the  same  time  anxious  to 
have  the  query  resolved,  whether  any  specific  pub- 
lication of  the  Liturgy,  properly  so  called,  in  an 
English  dress  has  ever  taken  place.  The  Book  of 
Discipline  does  not  itself  comprise  the  entire 
ritual,  but  merely  the  special  forms  of  service  for 
the  ordination  of  elders  and  deacons. 

4.  Has  any  English  version  of  the  Dutch  Li- 
turgy ever  appeared  ?  The  form  drawn  up,  ori- 
ginally in  Latin,  by  Alasco  for  the  use  of  the 
Dutch  church  in  Austin  Friars,  was  translated 
into  Dutch  by  Martin  Mikronius  in  1550,  and  re- 
printed in  1560  into  German  by  J.  Mayer,  8vo. 
Heid.  1565,  and  into  French  by  Giles  Clematius, 
8vo.,  1556,  n.p.  But  I  have  not  succeeded  in 
finding  any  trace  of  an  English  translation.* 

Any  information  calculated  to  elucidate  these 
questions,  as  well  as  the  further  point,  what  other 
foreign  Forms  of  Prayer  the  author  may  be  sup- 
posed to  indicate,  will  be  most  acceptable  to  the 
present  querist.  A.  Taylor,  M.A- 


"  Antiq^iity,  a  Farce."  —  Can  you  inform  me 
who  is  tlie  author  of  Antiquity,  a  farce,  in  two 
acts,  1808.  It  is  said  to  have  been  written  by  a 
gentleman  of  the  Inner  Temple.  R.  J. 

[*  Two  interesting  articles  on  Alasco's  Liturgy  will  be 
found  in  Tlie  Britisli  Magazine,  vol.  xv.  p.  612. ;  vol.  xvi. 
p.  127.  — Ed.] 


68 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  30.,  July  26.  '56. 


Ancient  British  Saints.  —  In  Sismondi's  Fall  of 
the  Roman  Umpire  (vol.  i.  ch.  vli.,  English  trans.), 
he  says : 

"  So  long  as  tlie  British  heroes,  such  as  Hoel,  Alain, 
Judicael  (to  whom  several  churches  were  dedicated),  re- 
tained the  vigour  of  youth  or  manhood,  they  knew  no 
other  passion  than  that  for  war  ....  but  when  their 
ferocity  was  tamed  by  age,  and  began  to  give  place  to  the 
terrors  of  a  future  judgment,  they  shut  themselves  up  in 
convents,  and  lived  a  life  of  the  severest  penance." 

This  chapter  is  from  a.d.  412  to  453.  Do  any 
of  these  churches  still  exist  ?  or  what  traditions 
are  there  of  churches  dedicated  to  these  ancient 
saints  of  Britain  ?  E.  E.  Byng. 

Masters  of  Arts  ranking  as  Esquires. — Can  any 
of  your  readers  inform  me  of  any  authority  for 
Masters  of  Arts  of  the  Universities  of  Oxford  and 
Cambridge  being  entitled  to  rank  as  esquires  ? 

M.A.  (Oxon). 

Archibald  Steele.  —  Can  you  give  me  any  in- 
formation regarding  Archibald  Steele,  author  of 
The  Shepherd's  Weddings  a  pastoral  comedy,  pub- 
lished in  Scotland  in  1789  ?  R.  J. 

"  The  Vine"  a  Parable. — A  copy  of  the  beauti- 
ful parable  called  "  The  Vine,"  and  commencing 
thus,  "  On  the  day  of  their  creation,  the  trees 
boasted  one  to  another,"  &c.,  is  much  desired. 

It  was  published  in  an  old  number  of  The 
Talisman.  Is  this  monthly  periodical  still  con- 
tinued ?  Anitrebor. 

Edinburgh. 

David  Morrison,  —  There  was  a  volume  of 
poetry,  published  at  Montrose  in  1790,  by  David 
Morrison.  Is  anything  known  regarding  the 
author  ?  R.  J. 

Boxing-Day.  —  The  term  boxing-day  is  used 
both  in  the  theatres  and  in  courts  of  law.  What 
is  the  meaning  of  it  in  each  case  ?  S. 

Sir  John  Cope.  —  Wanted,  particulars  of  the 
family  descent,  marriage,  life,  professional  ser- 
vices, death,  burial-place,  and  descendants  of  Sir 
John  Cope,  who  commanded  the  royal  troops  in 
1745  at  Preston  Pans.  Any  references  to  pub- 
lished or  accessible  unpublished  information  will 
be  acceptable.  James  Knowles. 

"  Hey,  Johnnie  Cope"  Sfc.  —  Who  was  the 
author  of  "  Hey,  Johnnie  Cope  are  ye  wakin  yet  ?  " 
And  whose  music  is  that  quaint  stirring  air  ?  Dr. 
RiMBAULT  could,  uo  doubt,  oblige  me  with  an 
answer  to  the  latter  Query.         James  Knowles. 

Human  Leather.,  &fc.  —  I  have  somewhere  heard 
or  read  of  two  or  three  human  skins  having  been 
prepared  and  tanned  like  leather,  and  of  a  pair  of 
shoes  or  boots  having  been  made  of  such  leather. 
I  think  also  there  was  mention  made  of  another 


dressed  as  parchment.     No  doubt  they  form  part 
of  the  contents  of  some  museum. 

Can  any  of  your  readers  give  me  any  informa- 
tion respecting  them  ?  R.  W.  Hackwood. 

"  The  Dissenters  Dissected."  —  Some  twenty 
years  ago,  a  poem  of  eighteen  stanzas  was  sent  to 
me  by  a  friend,  since  deceased,  called  The  Dis- 
senters Dissected,  by  a  Lay  Dissector,  to  which 
ten  other  stanzas  were  added.  Has  it  ever  been 
printed  ? 

The  first  stanza  is  — 

"  The  noblest  tree  of  forest  growth, 
And  meanest  shrub,  engender  both 

Within  their  vital  juices. 
The  germs  of  that,  which  soon  or  late 
Their  own  decay  accelerate. 

Or  earlier  abuses." 

One  of  the  added  stanzas  (the  26th)  is  — 

"  No  church  rate — that  must  never  be, 
For  all  religion  shall  be  free ; 

And  surely  it  is  hard 
That  we,  who  know  the  letter  way 
To  Heaven,  for  their  church  path  should  pay, 

But  give  us  their  church  yard  ! ! " 

Wm.  Collyns,  M.R.C.S. 
Chudleigh,  Devon. 

Dismissal  of  Non- Communicants, — In  Cleaver's 
edition  of  Bishop  Wilson  On  the  Lord's  Supper 
(London,  1851),  there  is  a  note  on  the  subject  of 
the  dismissal  of  non-communicants.  It  is  there 
stated  that  the  benefits  arising  from  the  opposite 
practice  have  not  escaped  the  notice  of  some  of 
our  most  eminent  divines ;  and  it  is  added,  "  See 
Bp.  Jebb's  Practical  Theology." 

Can  any  of  your  correspondents  supply  the 
passage  alluded  to  in  Bishop  Jebb's  book  ? 

This  edition  of  Bishop  Wilson's  woi'k  was,  I 
believe,  prepared  by  the  late  Rev.  W.  Wright, 
A.M.,  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin;  the  "Notes, 
historical  and  explanatory,"  which  accompany  it 
are  full  of  curious  research,  but  they  occupy  a 
somewhat  disproportionate  space  in  a  devotional 
work. 

The  note  which  suggests  my  Query  occurs  at 
p.  169,  There  ai'e  some  more  remarks  on  the 
same  subject  at  p.  255,  A.  A.  D. 

P.S.  What  is  supposed  to  be  the  proper  posture 
for  the  people  during  the  comfortable  words,  the 
Sursum  corda  and  the  Sanctus  ?  I  have  heard 
very  contradictory  opinions  on  the  subject,  and 
indeed  it  is  one  by  no  means  free  from  difficulty, 
owing  to  the  transpositions  which  have  been  made 
in  the  Liturgy. 

Prologues  and  Epilogues  to  the  Westminster 
Plays.  —  Has  there  ever  been  published  a  Collec- 
tion of  the  Prologues  and  Epilogues  to  the  West- 
minster Plays  ?     If  so,  where  ?       C.  J.  Douglas. 


2"*  S.  No  30.,  July  26.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


6& 


Satellite. — What  is  considered  to  be  the  de- 
rivation of  the  word  satelles,  a  satellite  ?    A.  A.  D, 

Varnishing  Old  Boohs.  —  I  should  feel  greatly 
indebted  to  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  who  has  had 
practical  experience  on  the  subject,  for  informa- 
tion as  to  the  advantages  and  disadvantages  (if 
any)  of  varnishing  old  books.  That  the  appear- 
ance of  volumes  thus  treated  is  for  a  time  im- 
proved, will  be  generally  admitted ;  but  the  really 
important  question  is,  are  bindings  thereby  pre- 
served, and  is  commencing  decay  arrested  ? 

The  former  series  of  "N.  &  Q."  contains  some 
receipts  for  book  varnishes ;  but  the  questions  I 
have  ventured  to  propose  have  not,  as  far  as  I 
remember,  yet  met  with  consideration  in  your 
pages.  The  subject  is  one  of  daily  increasing 
importance ;  and  if  fully  treated  by  those  com- 
petent to  do  so,  will,  I  am  sure,  prove  valuable 
and  interesting  to  a  large  number  of  your  readers. 
The  rapid  deterioration  of  bindings  iu  some  Lon- 
don libraries  has  been  the  subject  of  frequent 
and  anxious  remark.  And  the  more  general  use 
of  gas  in  dwelling-houses  is  already  committing 
sad  havoc  on  many  private  collections.        W.'  M. 

Finsbury  Place. 

The  Coitntry  Parson's  Honest  Advice.  —  I  should 
be  glad  to  know   the  author  of  the  following 

verses :  — 

"  The  Country  Farsou's  Honest  Advice  to  that  Jicdieious 
Lawyer  and  Worthy  Minister  of  State — My  Lord 
Keeper. 

"  Be  wise  as  Somerset,  as  Soiiier's  brave, 
As  Pembroke  aiiy,  and  as  Richmond  grave, 
Humble  as  Oxford  [Orford?]  be,  and  Wharton's  zeal, 
For  Church  and  Loyalty,  would  fitt  thee  well ; 
Like  Sarum  I  would  have  thee  love  the  Church, 
He  Scorns  to  leave  his  Mother  in  the  Lurch. 
For  the  well  governing  your  family. 
Let  pious  Haversham  thy  pattern  be : 
And  if  it  be  thy  fate  again  to  marry, 

And  S—  y r's  daughter  -^ill  thy  year  out  tarry, 

May'st  thou  use  her  as  Mohun  did  his'  tender  wife, 
And  may  she  lead  his  virtuous  Lady's  life. 
To  Summ  up  all :  Devonshire's  chastity, 
Bolton's  meritt,  Godolphin's  probity, 
Halifax  his  modesty,  Essex's  sense, 
Montague's  management,  Culpepper's  pence ; 
Tenison's  learning,  and  Southampton's  wit. 
Will  make  thee  for  an  able  statesman  fit." 

I  want  to  know  the  author  and  the  person  to 
whom  it  is  addressed  ?  *  I  find  it  in  a  MS.  {circa 
1690  or  1700),  containing  an  account  of  the  feasts 
and  fasts  of  the  Church,  history  of  the  black- 
letter  Saints  in  our  Calendar,  and  an  exposition 
of  the  Church  Catechism.  J.  C.  J. 

Hospital  Oui'Patients.  —  The  governors  of  an 
hospital  established  in  a  town  containing  31,000 


[*  We  have  before  us  a  printed  copj'  of  these  lines,  as 
a  small  folio  broadside,  circa  1733-4.  Thej'  are  addressed, 
we  have  not  the  least  doubt,  to  Lord  Chancellor  Talbot, 
who  received  the  Great  Seal  Nov.  29, 1733.— Ed.] 


inhabitants,  and  embracing  a  district,  chiefly  agri- 
cultural, of  104  square  miles,  have  been  called 
upon  to  decide  as  to  the  expediency  of  altering  the 
days  of  attendance  of  the  out-patients  at  the  hos- 
pital. Out-patients  are  at  present  assisted  with 
advice  and  medicine  (but  in  no  other  respect  are 
chargeable  to  the  charity)  on  Mondays,  Thurs?' 
days,  and  Saturdays  at  eleven,  a.  m.  It  is  pro-* 
posed  to  alter  the  days  to  Tuesdays  and  Saturdays; 
thus  requiring  attendance  twice  a-week  instead  of 
thrice. 

It  is  expected  that  the  alteration  will  be  better, 
not  only  for  the  medical  men,  but  also  for  the  out- 
patients. 

That  a  waste  of  drugs  will  be  prevented,  as  it 
is  alleged  that  the  patients  cannot  possibly  con- 
sume the  medicine  in  the  interval  between  Thurs- 
day and  Saturday. 

And  it  is  asserted  that  no  hospital  in  the  king- 
dom receives  its  out-patients  more  than  twice  a- 
week. 

I  shall  be  much  obliged  to  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents who  will  kindly  tell  me  whether  the 
last  assertion  is  correct,  naming  at  the  same  time 
the  town,  or  stating  its  numerical  population, 
from  which  their  experience  is  drawn.  And  also 
whether  their  experience  would  lead  them  to 
hope  for  the  benefits  which  are  said  to  be  ex- 
pected from  the  change.  Remigius. 

Bohert  Sansum  or  Sampson.  —  B.  S.  I.  would 
feel  obliged  for  information  respecting  Robert 
Sansum  (or  Sampson),  Commander  of  the  Reso- 
lution, and  Rear.  Admiral  of  the  White,  who  fell 
at  Lowestoft  on  June  3,  1665. " 

Where  was  he  born  ?  Where  buried  ?  What 
arms  did  he  bear  ?  Was  he  related  to  a  Colonel 
Sainpson,  whose  name  appears  in  the  list  of  pro- 
posed Knights  of  the  Royal  Oak  ? 

Coffer.  —  What  is  the  exact  meianing  of  this 
word  in  the  following  passage  ?  It  occurs  in  the 
deposition  of  a  witness  in  a  suit  in  the  Ecclesias- 
tical Court  of  Durham  about  the  state  of  the 
church  of  Lesbury  in  Northumberland,  in  1630-li 
The  witness  says,  "  He  doth  well  remember  that 
ther  were  divers  coffer  jeastes  of  oak  above  the 
vestrye."  Socios  Dunelm. 

Responsibility  of  Animals  to  Man. — I  met  lately 
an  interesting  account  of  the  process  by  which, 
during  the  Middle  Ages,  animals  and  insects  (flies, 
rats,  and  others),  were  cited  to  appear  in  the 
courts,  and  to  show  cause  why  they  should  not  be 
destroyed  as  a  nuisance  ?  And  on  their  failure  to 
appear,  their  extermination  was  decreed  in  due 
form  of  law.  I  shall  feel  greatly  obliged  to  any 
of  your  correspondents  who  can  refer  me  to  the 
work  (I  think  a  recent  periodical)  in  which  the 
narrative  occurs  ?  J.  E.  T. 


70 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"<i  S.  N»  30.,  JuTA-  26.  '66. 


" Marry"  —  What  is  the  exact  meaning  of  the 
adverbial  exclamations  "  Marry,"  "  Marry  trap," 
"  Marry  and  Amen,"  "  Marry,  Heaven  forbid," 
"Marry  come  up,"  so  common  in  these  and  vari- 
ous other  forms  in  our  earlier  writers  ?  In  Twiss's 
valuable  Index  to  Shakspeare  (1805)  I  find  above 
250  instances  of  its  occurrence  in  this  our  great 
dramatist.  With  most  of  the  writers  of  his  age, 
the  "  Great  Lord  Digby  "  too,  in  bis  Elvira,  em- 
ploys this  term  ;  as  thus : 

"  So  one  displeased  to  find  his  crawfishes 
Shrivei'd  within  and  emptj',  said  to  his  cook, 
(who  laid  the  fault  upon  the  wane  o'  th'  moon), 
'  What  has  the  moon  to  do  with  crawfishes  ? ' 
'  Marrj' !  she  has,  'tis  she  that  governs  shellfish.'  " 

So  in  Monsieur  Thomas,  Beaumont  and  Fletcher  : 

"  Marry !  thou  hast  taught  him,  like  an  arrant  rascal. 
First,  to  read  perfectly ;  which,  on  my  blessing, 
I  wam'd  him  from ;  for  1  knew  if  he  read  once. 
He  was  a  lost  man." 

The  more  modern  use  of  "  Marry  come  up  "  is 
found  in  Pericles,  Act  IV.  Sc.  6. ;  Romeo  and  Ju- 
liet, Act  II.  Sc.  5.  Are  these  corruptions  of  St. 
Mary  ?  or  whence  derived  ?  C.  H.  P. 

[Halliwell's  explanation,  "  Marry,"  as  an  interjection 
equivalent  to  "  Indeed,"  has  been  already  noticed  in  our 
1"  S.  viii.  9. ;  but  Nares  is  of  opinion  that  in  many  in- 
stances it  is  a  corruption  of  3Iarie,  as  an  asseveration 
confirmed  by  the  name  of  the  Virgin  Mary.  Thus  Coles 
says,  "  Marry  (oath)  per  Mariam."  Such  is  the  origin  of 
Marry  come  up,  originally  Marry  guep,  gip,  or  gup.  "  I 
suspect,"  says  Nares,  "  that  guep  is  a  corruption  of  go  up, 
which  it  seems  was  contemptuous.  Thus,  the  children 
said  to  Elisha, '  Go  up,  thou  bald-head,  go  up !'  "] 

Ancient  Oaths.  —  If  a  collection  of  the  very 
curious  and  interesting  oaths  that  have  been  in 
use  has  not  been  made  in  the  pages  of  "N.  &  Q.," 
may  I  be  allowed  to  make  a  beginning,  hoping 
that  other  contributors  to  its  pages  will  follow, 
and  build  up  such  a  collection  on  my  foundation  ? 
Old  Chaucer's  "  Host,"  in  the  Cantei^hunj  Tales, 
strengthens  au  assertion  "By  Seinte  Poules  bell." 

Peter  the  apprentice,  in  Henry  VI.,  holds  up 
his  hands,  and  accusing  Horner  says,  — 

"  By  these  ten  bones,  my  Lords,  he  did  speak  them  to 
me,  in  the  garret  one  night,  as  we  were  scouring  my  Lord 
of  York's  armour." — Henry  VI.,  Pt.  II.  Act  1.  Sc.'4. 

T.  H.  P. 

[The  habit  of  profane  swearing  in  former  times  by  the 
English  has  been  noticed  in  our  !«'  S.  iv.  37. ;  vi.  299. 
3G6.  471. ;  but  we  need  scarcely  add,  it  is  only  oaths  that 
are  "curious  and  interesting"  that  should  be  included 
in  the  collection,  as  many  of  them  in  our  earlj'  writers 
are  peculiarly  impious  and  irreverent.  JCven  in  Chaucer 
it  is  advisable  to  make  a  selection,  such  as  the  following ; 

The  Host  swears  —  "  By  my  father's  soul." 

Sir  Thopas  —  "  By  ale  and  bread." 

Arcite —  "  By  my  pan  [head]." 

Theseus  —  "By  mighty  Mars  the  rede." 

The  Carpenter's  wife  —  "  By  Saint  Thomas  of  Kent." 


The  Marchaunt—  «  By  Saint  Thomas  of  Inde." 
The  Cambridge  scholar—" By  my  father's  kinne."] 

Thomas  Knaggs,  of  St.  Giles's  Church,  pub- 
lished a  funeral  sermon  on  Prince  George  of  Den- 
mark, 1708.  Who  was  he?  Did  he  publish 
aught  else  ?  and  was  he  ever  minister  of  Trinity 
Chapel,  Knightsbridge  ?  H.  G.  D. 

[The  Rev.  Thomas  Knaggs  was  lecturer  at  St.  Giles- 
in-the-Fields  for  twenty  years.  He  published  thirty-one 
single  sermons  between  the  years  1691  and  1722.  See  a 
list  of  them  in  Watt's  BibKotheca.  His  successor,  Mr. 
Riddle,  was  elected  lecturer.  May  16.  1724.] 

Cohnan's  '■'•Iron  Chest." —  1  possess  a  copy  of 
this  play,  of  which  the  following  is  the  title-page  : 

"The  Iron  Chest,  a  Play  in  Three  Acts,  written  by 
George  Colman  the  Younger.  With  a  Preface.  First 
represented  at  the  Theatre  Royal  Drury  Lane,  on  Satur- 
day, 12th  March,  1796.  '  The  principal  Characters '  by 
Mr.  Kemble,  &c.  (Drury  Lane  Play-Bill.)  '  I  had  as 
li eve  the  town-crier  had  spoke  my  lines.' — Shakespeare. 
Dublin,  1796." 

This  copy  contains  Colman's  original  preface, 
which  I  believe  to  be  excessively  rare.  Is  this 
preface  worthy  of  being  inserted  in  "  JST.  &  Q."  ? 

JUVEBNA. 
[Colman's  Preface  to  the  Iron  Chest  is  certainly  a  racy 
production,  but  Time  has  robbed  it  of  its  interest.  Col- 
man attributes  the  condemnation  of  his  play  to  Mr.  Kem- 
ble, owing  to  the  rehearsal  being  imperfect,  and  from  Mr. 
Kemble  acting  "  Sir  Edward  Mortimer  "  whilst  under  the 
effects  of  opium  pills.  No  doubt  the  Thespian  fraternity 
look  upon  this  Preface  as  a  dramatic  literary  curiosity, 
and  Jones  QBiograph.  Dramaticd)  says  that  30s.  and  even 
40s.  have  been  paid  for  a  copy  of  it.  But  it  makes  twenty 
pages  of  8vo.,  and  would  occupy  ten  in  our  larger,  or 
six  in  the  smaller  type ;  it  is  therefore  obvious  that  we 
have  no  alternative  but  to  decline  Juverna's  kind  offer 
with  many  thanks.] 

Penrith  Castle.  —  Where  is  there  any  account 
of  Penrith  Castle,  now  in  ruins  ?  A. 

[For  descriptive  notices  of  Penrith  Castle,  consult 
Hutchinson's  History  of  Cumberland,  vol.  i.  p.  317 ;  and 
Nicolson  and  Burn's  Cumberland,  vol.  ii.  p.  404.  Views, 
with  short  notices,  of  this  castle,  are  inserted  in  Buck's 
Antiquities,  vol.  i.  pi.  48.,  and  in  Grose's  Antiquities,  vol.  i. 
pi.  30.] 

The  Old  Hundredth  (2"''  S.  ii.  34.)  —  H.  J.  G. 
says  this  tune  has  no  English  name.  He  is  mis- 
taken, as  all,  or  nearly  all  the  tune  books  I  have 
seen  give  it  as  "  Savoy,  or  the  Old  Hundredth." 

H.  G.  D. 

[Savoy  is  not  an  English  name,  and,  being  a  second 
name  applied  to  a  tune  first  known  as  the  134th  Psalm, 
and  then  as  the  100th,  cannot  afford  an  argument  for 
taking  the  time  out  of  the  list  of  the  Old  Psalter  tunes. 
It  was  not  called  Savoy  for  at  least  fifty  j'ears  after  its 
creation.  But  the  application  of  this  name  to  the  tune, 
showing  its  common  use  with  the  Germans  in  the  Savoy 
Church,  may  have  led  to  the  popular  delusion  that  the 
tune  was  made  by  Luther.  ] 


2'"' S.  NrSO.,  Ju  ivV  2G. '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


71 


MEECATOB   {NOT  TUE)   AUTHOR   OF   THE    POUND 
AND    MIL    SCHEME. 

(2"'^  S.  i.  491.) 

Your  correspondent  Mb.  James  Yates,  whose 
zealous  advocacy  of  the  introduction  into  the  Uni  ted 
Kingdom  of  the  French  system  of  money,  weights, 
and  measures,  is  so  well  known,  has  accompanied 
his  question  as  to  "  who  was  Mercator  ? "  with 
some  observations  intended  to  show  that  Mercator 
was  the  author,  and  published  the  first  idea  of,  the 
pound  and  mil  scheme. 

I  venture  to  submit  to  your  readers  that,  except 
we  are  disposed  to  attach  much  importance  to 
Mercator's  suggestion  that  the  thousandth  part  of  a 
pound  should  be  called  a  mil,  Mr.  Yates's  theory 
that  Mercator  set  up  a  scheme  which  has  bden 
merely  taken  up  by  scientific  men,  by  the  Decimal 
Association  and  by  parliamentary  majorities,  will 
not  hold  good. 

It  appears  to  me  that  the  proposed  decimalisa- 
tion of  the  pound  sterling  into  florin,  cent,  and 
mil,  is  not  only  preferable  in  every  respect  to 
]\Ir.  Yates's  plan  for  the  conversion  of  the  pound 
sterling  into  twenty-five  ten-pences,  or  British 
francs  ;  but  that,  moreover,  it  is  no  new  scheme, 
and  has  been  before  the  European  world  of  science 
as  long  as  decimal  fractions  have  been  known. 

The  illustrious  Simo7i  Stevin,  writing  (or  rather 
publishing)  in  1585,  whilst  advocating  the  deci- 
malisation of  money,  weights,  and  measures,  took 
care  to  dissuade  his  readers  from  abandoning  the 
accustomed  chief  units,  which  are  appropriately 
enough  termed  commencements. 

In  Article  vi.  of  Steviiis  Appendix  to  La 
Disme,  it  is  stated  : 

"  Afin  de  dire  en  brief  et  en  general,  la  somme  et  con- 
tenu  de  cest  article,  faut  scavoir  qu'on  partira  toutes 
niesures,  comme  Longue,  Humide,  Seiche,  Argent,  &c., 
par  la  precedente  dixiesme  progression  et  chasque  fameuse 
espece  d'icelles  se  nommera  commencement ;  comme 
Marc,  commencement  des  pois  par  lesquels  se  poise  I'or  et 
I'argent ;  Livre,  commencement  des  autres  pois  communs ; 
Livre  de  gros  en  Flandres,  Livre  Esterlain  en  Angleterre, 
Ducat  en  Ilispaigne,  &c.,  commencement  de  monnoye." 

It  happens  that  in  England  we  shall  not  be  the 
first  country  which  has  had  to  change  from  a 
vigesimal  and  duodecimal  to  a  decimal  scale  of 
account. 

Cuthbert  Tonstall,  when  Bishop  Elect  of  Lon- 
don, printed,  in  1522,  his  learned  and  elegant 
treatise  on  arithmetic,  which  contains  many  such 
suggestions  as  would  lead  to  a  complete  decimal  sys- 
tem, and  he  remarked  upon  the  then  widely  spread 
custom  of  keeping  accounts  in  twenties  and  twelves 
as  subdivisions  of  the  nominal  pound  and  shilling. 
It  will  be  seen,  however,  from  the  following  ex- 
tract, that  the  bishop  saw  a  point  or  two  of  dif- 
ference between  iuternatioh^l  coins  of  account 


and  international  coins  of  circulation,  which  it  will 
be  well  to  observe  even  at  this  time  : 

"  Nunc  ff  tate  nostra  apud  singulas  penfe  nationes  aurei 
pro  regum  aut  principum  arbitrio  varium  habent  pre- 
cium  :  sic  libra;,  sic  solidi,  ut  nunc  sunt  vocabula :  mag- 
nam  pro  regionibus  diversitatem  habent.  Cajterum 
illud  mirum  videtur:  quomodo  in  tanta  librarum  et  soli- 
dorum  £estimationis  ditterentia,  pro  suo  cuiiisque  regionis 
more,  multae  tamen  nationes  consentiunt ;  ut  vulgari 
lingua  solidiim  vocent:  quod  denariolos  duodecim  vul- 
gares  complectitiir,  librani  quod  solidos  viginti."  — 
Page  271  of  edition  of  1529. 

When  Stevin  wrote  upon  the  same  subject  he 
advocated  decimal  subdivision,  but  with  careful 
adherence,  as  far  as  possible,  to  accustomed  unit.^. 

"  —  que  joignant  les  vulgaires  partitions  qu'il  y  a 
maintenant  des  Mesures,  Pois  et  Argent  (demeurant 
chasque  capitale  mesure,  Pois  et  Argent,  en  tons  lieux 
immuable)  Ton  ordonnast  encore  legitimement  par  les 
Superieurs,  la  susdicte  dixiesme  partition,  h  fin  que 
chascun  qui  voudroit  la  pourroit  user. 

"  II  avanceroit  aussi  la  chose  si  les  valeurs  d'argent, 
principalement  de  ce  qui  se  forge  de  nouveau,  fussent 
valuez  siu'  quelques  Primes,  Secondes,  Tierces,  &c.  Mais 
si  tout  cecy  ne  fust  pas  mis  en  oeuvre,  si  tost  comme  nous 
le  pouvrions  souhaiter,  il  nous  conteutera  premierement, 
qu'il  fera  du  bien  h  nos  successenrs,  car  il  est  certain  que 
si  les  liommes  futurs,  sont  de  telle  nature  comme  ont  este 
les  precedens,  qu'ils  ne  seront  pas  tousiours  negligens  en 
leur  si  grand  avantage." 

The  preceding  extract  only  requires  one  ex- 
planation, viz.  that  by  Primes,  Secondes  et  Tierce.^, 
words  in  the  decimal  system  suggested  probably 
by  the  works  of  Purbach  and  Muller,  Stevin  meant 
tenths,  hundredths  and  thousandths ;  and  altering 
these  words  {as  applied  to  coins)  to  florins,  cents, 
and  mils,  we  have  the  system  which  is  in  process 
and  progress  of  introduction  at  the  present  time. 

It  is  particularly  worthy  of  note,  that  pre- 
viously to  the  introduction  of  the  decimal  metrical 
system  into  France,  accounts  were  kept  in  livre.*, 
sols,  and  deniers  :  twenty  sols  making  one  livre 
tournois,  and  twelve  deniers  one  penny.  This 
vigesimal  and  duodecimal  system  had  prevailed 
from  remote  antiquity  in  France,  as  it  had  done 
in  England.  The  two  nations  (as  the  remarks  of 
Bishop  Tonstall  illustrate)  had  the  same  system 
of  account ;  but  then  the  highest  French  unit,  the 
liv7'e  tournois,  was  so  very  much  less  in  value  in 
comparison  with  the  highest  English  unit,  the 
pound  sterling,  that  when  the  livre  tournois,  sol, 
and  deniei',  came  to  be  decimalised,  —  although  the 
French  substantially  retained  their  highest  unit,  as 
we  ought  to  retain  ours,  the  pound  sterling,  —  they 
could  only  coin  into  francs  (nearly  equal  to  the 
livre  tournois),  and  into  primes  and  secondes  (i.  e. 
ten  centimes,  and  one  centime);  whilst  we  can 
coin  our  units,  of  account  and  of  circulation,  into 
livres,  primes,  secondes,  and  tieives  (pounds,  florins, 
cents,  and  mils). 

Surely,  with  these  inherent  advantages  in  our 
system,  we  need  not  be  apprehensive  of  any  in- 
superable difiiculty  in  carrying  out  POw,  what  the 


12 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  No  30.,  July  26.  '56. 


French  carried  out  two  generations  ago  ;  but  let 
us  not  have  recourse  to  their  little  units  in  pre- 
ference to  our  great  units.  Let  those  who  like  to 
keep  their  accounts  in  ten-pences  do  so  ;  but  the 
pound  sterling,  and  its  decimal  subdivisions,  is  the 
right  thing  in  the  right  place.     Fbed,  Hendbiks. 


NOTES  ON  TREES  AND  FLOWERS  (1'*  S.  i.  173. 

457. ;  xi.  460. ;  xii.  71.  211.)  :  green  rose  (P* 
S.  xii.  143.  234.  371.  481.) 

When  the  Isiac  veil  thrown  over  ancient  re- 
ligion by  genealogies,  fables,  and  etymologies, 
shall  be  withdrawn,  it  will  be  evident  that  the 
spirit  of  Nature  has  been  impressed  on  all  the 
female  deities.  These  personages  are  not  mere 
maids  of  honour,  and  she  only  the  queen,  but 
through  all  the  disguises  under  which  she  is 
masked  she  breaks  forth,  O  Dea  certe,  whether 
represented  by  the  moon  or  by  the  earth,  by  the 
polyonymous  Isis,  or  by  the  myrianthous  Venus  : 

"All  tlie  Graces,"  says  Thryllitius*,  "in  producing  the 
rose  appear  anxiously  to  have  endeavoured  the  utmost 
they  could  effect ;  wherefore  it  is  no  wonder  that  such  a 
multitude  of  fables  was  created  respecting  the  flower  de- 
dicated to  Venus.  Having  diligently  examined,"  con- 
tinues our  author,  "  the  legends  of  Anacreon  and  others, 
I  am  persuaded  that  it  is  so  named  atri  tou  po0ov  to  poSov, 
and  having  considered  the  legends,  according  to  which 
the  rose  originated  either  with  Venus,  or  from  the  blood 
of  Venus,  or  from  the  gore  of  Adonis,  or  from  the  nectar 
spilt  by  Cupid's  negligence,  or  lastly,  frbtii  the  influx  of 
the  star  Venus,  I  could  not  refrain  from  suspecting  some- 
thing of  this  kind.  On  all  sides  is  discovered  an  abun- 
dant flow  of  love,  a  manifest  power  of  nature,  productive 
of  vegetation.  Moreover,  the  leaves  of  the  flower  afford 
a  most  elegant  spectacle,  winding  in  the  nianner  of  little 
waves  around  their  ungues,  and  in  their  first  spontaneous 
budding,  effected  by  the  law  of  the  Almighty  Creator,  all 
plants  appear  to  be  evolved  by  the  same  undulating 
motion  formed  by  an  inherent  force  of  nature,  the  know- 
ledge of  which  antiquity  perhaps  intended  to  preserve  by 
the  name  given  to  this  king  of  flowers.  I  shall  therefore 
be  pleased  to  declare  that  in  all  those  fables  there  is  no- 
thing involved  but  the  general  history  of  the  production 
of  all  plants,  intended  by  the  example  of  the  rose." 

He  then  explains,  according  to  Bayle's  theory, 
the  generation  of  plants,  now  nourished  by  the 
constant  influence  of  dew  and  showers,  from  juices 
adapted  to  them,  and  evolved  by  the  moisture 
prepared  by  Divine  Omnipotence  in  the  bowels  of 
the  earth.  He  shows  that  the  first  founders  of 
these  fables  seem  not  to  have  been  strangers  to 
this  opinion,  and  explains  how  in  the  fable  of 
Cassianus  Bassus  physical  properties  may  be  alle- 
gorized by  Mars,  Adonis,  and  Venus. 

The  same  writer  enumerates  the  varieties  of 
roses,  one  of  which  is  derived  from  the  colour  of 
the  flower,  since  in  some  it  is  found  white,  in 
others  purple,  in  others  flesh  colour,  in  others 

*  Plantarum  Historia  Fabularis,  4to.,  Vitembergae,  X713. 


pale,  in  others  yellow,  in  others  mixed,  in  others 
light  green,  if,  according  to  Costaeus,  it  is  en- 
grafted on  Agrifolii  arluscuh. 

BiBLIOTHECAR.  ChETHAM. 


Can  you  find  room  among  the  fresh  leaves  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  for  a  newly  blown  rose  ?  It  was  ob- 
tained from  a  "  cutting  "  which  I  enclose  (from  a 
Chester  newspaper,  June  25),  and  will  be  best 
propagated  by  being  transferred  to  your  columns. 

"  INIr.  W.  H.  Osborne,  of  Perry  Pont  House,  Perry  Bar, 
Staffordshire,  has  a  perfectly  green  rose  in  flower  in  his 
new  rose-house.  The  rose,  called  Rosa  Verdifora,  is  of  a 
full  rich  green.  The  tree  was  procured  from  a  French 
nurseryman." 

F.  Phillott. 


MUSICAL   NOTATION. 

On  Music ;  and  suggestions  for  improvement  in  its  symbols, 
or  nomenclature  of  sounds  :  to  the  end  that  there  may  be  a 
clearer  demonstration  of  the  ratios  of  sounds,  and,  by  con-  • 
sequence,  a  more  extended  knowledge  of  the  fundus  of  this 
art,  that  is  the  poetrj'  or  measured  relation  of  its  forms. 

The  readers  of  "N.  &  Q."  (2"<>  S.  ii.  14.)  must 
have  been  much  pleased  in  perusing  the  article  on 
"  Musical  Notation,"  by  so  distinguished  a  writer 
as  Professor  de  Morgan.  For  myself,  as  a 
musician,  I  consider  every  exercise  of  the  mathe- 
matician on  the  subject  matter  of  music  as  a  step 
to  that  which  eventually  must  take  place  —  the 
union  of  the  mathematician  with  the  musician  : 
that  which  Professor  de  Morgan  has  made  out 
as  a  case  of  distress  I  have  long  felt  to  be  a  case  of 
necessity.  The  symbols  and  terras  now  used  in 
the  grammar  of  music  render  any  clear  explana- 
tion of  music  as  poetry  most  difficult. 

The  modern  definition  of  music  declares  it  to 
be  "  the  art  of  continuing  tunable  sounds  in  a 
manner  agreeable  to  the  ear ; "  but  the  old  Pagan 
theorist  declares  music  to  be  "  the  art  of  finding 
beauty  in  sounds  by  means  of  their  ratios  or 
measure.'''  And  this  is  true  ;  for  from  the  begin- 
ning of  the  world  all  music  has  been  made  upon 
one  principle,  that  is  to  say,  the  doctrine  of  the 
proportions  of  the  scale.  Music  is  caused  by  un- 
dulations in  the  atmosjjhere  which  gather  them- 
selves together  into  a  series  of  geometrical  figures 
in  the  ether.  Although  the  hearing  is  in  our 
bodily  frame,  the  causation  of  the  hearing  is  the 
geometric  figure  in  motion.  The  sound  is  the 
affection ;  the  aerial  pulsation  the  cause  of  the 
affection.  It  exists  to  us  as  an  affection  of  the 
nervous  and  muscular  organism  ;  but  when  we 
seek  to  deal  with  it  as  centrical,  relative,  a  whole, 
or  an  aliquot  part  of  some  whole,  we  must  know 
something  more  of  it  than  a  mere  sensible  proper, 
or  bare  sensation.  Effects  are  facts,  but  causes 
are  anterior  facts.    The  existence  in  nature  of  the 


2>"'  S.  N"  30.,  July  2G.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


7^ 


relations  or  proportions  of  the  scale  is  one  fact ; 
tbe  knowledge  of  these  relations,  and  the  practical 
power  of  applying  them,  is  another.  Great  music 
hath  ever  been  lying  in  the  lap  of  nature  ready 
for  man's  use  and  enjoyment  whensoever  man  had 
his  head,  his  heart,  and  his  hand,  prepared  to  take 
it  from  her.  The  perfection  of  nature  and  the 
mechanism  of  man  are  things  widely  asunder  : 
until  the  laws  of  musical  science  are  clearly  esta- 
blished every  man  will  make  his  own  sense  or 
perception  of  music  —  that  is  to  say,  his  individual 
taste  a  law  to  others  as  well  as  to  himself;  whereas 
it  is  manifest  such  a  standard  can  only  be  a  law 
unto  himself.  You?'  taste  will  not  necessarily  be 
my  taste,  unless  it  be  one  common  to  humanity, 
and  to  make  it  common  to  humanity  it  must  be 
founded  upon  the  first  laws  of  nature,  and  received 
without  prejudice  and  without  guile.  There  is  a 
vast  quantity  of  acquired  sensation  and  received 
suggestion  with  respect  to  music  in  the  ears  and 
heads  of  persons  fond  of  music,  and  who  even 
make  the  art  and  science  their  profession,  or  of 
ainateur  study  ;  and  this  stock  of  musical  percep- 
tion and  recollection  enables  many  a  one  to  talk 
of,  and  write  about,  and  even  compose  music  :  still 
from  these,  and  such  as  these,  the  true  causes  of 
music  are  altogether  concealed  and  remain  un- 
observed and  unknown  ;  for  the  facts  in  music  are 
overlooked  by  them,  and  in  their  place  has  arisen 
a  mass  of  symbols  but  ill  representing  the  realities. 
The  rudimentary  language  of  the  art  is  a  compila- 
tion of  fictions.  The  vibration  which  rims  through 
our  nervous  iluid —  the  result  of  the  figure  in  the 
ether,  when  commvmicated  to  our  bodily  frame  — 
we  describe  as  a  note.  AVe  begin  the  study  of 
music  by  learning  our  notes.  What  are  notes? 
They  are  symbols  for  sounds ;  but  who  entertains 
the  idea  of  one  sound  as  a  whole,  or  centre,  and 
other  sounds  as  relations  of  or  analogous  parts  of 
a  whole,  or  that  a  scale  is  the  genealogical  tree  of 
any  given  sound  —  the  centre  and  its  family  rela- 
tions —  the  orange  divided  into  so  many  aliquot 
parts,  and  subject  to  so  many  modes  of  apposi- 
tion and  arrangement  ?  H.  J.  Gauntlett. 
8.  Powj's  Place,  Queen  Square. 

(To  le  continued.^ 


REVIVAL   AFTER   EXECUTION. 

(2"i  S.  i.  490.) 

There  is  really  very  little  to  be  surprised  at  in 
most  of  the  cases  we  see  brought  forward  of  re- 
vival after  execution  ;  and  accounts  of  such  cases 
are  of  trifling  value  unless  they  are  accompanied 
by  a  statement  of  the  circumstances  under  which 
the  execution  took  place,  and  more  especially  of 
the  length  of  time  during  which  the  body  teas  sus- 
pended.    Before   the   new   drop  —  placed   on  an 


elevated  spot  —  was  adopted,  executions  were 
very  often  managed  in  such  a  way  that  justice 
was  very  easily  evaded.  Hangmen  were  un- 
questionably often  tampered  with,  and  they  had 
every  facility  for  evading  detection,  more  par- 
ticularly as  the  friends  of  the  culprit,  —  the  gal- 
lows being  generally  on  the  ground  and  in  an 
open  space,  —  could  easily  crowd  around,  and 
thus  prevent  observation,  and  also  assist  the  exe- 
cutioner in  carrying  out  the  deception  which  he 
had  been  well  paid  to  effect.  Criminals,  it  is  true, 
were  sentenced  to  be  "  hung  by  the  neck  until 
they  ivei'e  dead"  but  the  deciding  when  a  man  was 
dead  was  often  left  entirely  to  the  discretion  of 
the  hangman,  who  thus  was  at  liberty  to  "  cut 
down "  some  culprits  much  sooner  than  he  did 
others.  Hence,  what  with  feeing  the  hangman  to 
give  his  victim  "  a  short  fall "  —  to  tie  and  place 
the  rope  in  a  particular  way  —  and  to  cut  the 
body  down  quickly  ;  and  what  with  the  friends  of 
the  culprit  crowding  round  close  to  the  gallows 
and  interfering  with  what  was  going  on,  execu- 
tions were  frequently  conducted  in  such  a  manner 
as  to  render  the  subsequent  revival  of  the  person 
a  matter  of  very  little  surprise  or  difiiculty.  The 
known  cases  are  not  a  few,  and  if  those  which  are 
unknown,  on  account  of  the  secret  having  been 
well  kept,  were  made  public,  the  list,  I  believe, 
would  contain  some  scores  of  names.  At  one 
time,  indeed,  it  was  the  regular  practice  for  the 
friends  of  a  victim  of  the  law  to  make  every  pos- 
sible preparation  for  his  sem-hanging  and  his  sab- 
sequent  resuscitation.  When  Deacon  Brodie  tvas 
hung  at  Edinburgh  in  1788,  for  robbing  the  Ex- 
cise Office,  the  hangman  was  bribed  to  give  him 
"  a  short  fall,"  and  as  soon  as  he  was  cut  down,  a 
spring  cart  was  at  hand,  which  quickly  deposited 
his  body  at  a  place  where  doctors  were  in  readi- 
ness with  every  adjunct  for  his  revival.  The  ex- 
periment failed  in  this  case,  it  is  true  ;  but  this  was 
solely  because  the  hangman  killed  Brodie  without 
intending  it,  by  tying  a  knot  which  slipped  at  the 
critical  moment,  and  gave  the  deacon  a  fall  of 
about  treble  the  length  he  had  contracted  for,  and 
the  case  therefore  is  not  the  less  valid  a  proof  of 
the  practice  I  have  referred  to.  The  new  drop, 
however,  by  the  publicity  it  ensures,  and  by  the 
efficacy  of  its  operation,  has  put  an  end  to  decep- 
tion on  the  part  of  the  hangman,  and  to  interfer- 
ence on  the  part  of  the  crowd ;  and  I  therefore  think 
you  will  agree  with  me  that  cases  of  revival  after 
execution  contain  nothing  in  them  that  is  extra- 
ordinary, unless  they  can  be  shown  to  have  oc- 
curred after  the  employment  of  the  new  drop,  and 
unless  they  are  accompanied  with  reasonable  proofs 
that  the  culprit  was  fairly  hung  and  suspended 
for  the  full  legal  hour.  Henrt  Kensington. 


74 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  30.,  July  2G.  'SC. 


REMOTE   TRADITIONS    THROUGH    FEW   LINKS. 

(•2"''  S.  ii.  29.) 
The  f()lIowin<v  extract  from  Carrick's  Life  of 
Sir  William   Wallace  (Whittaker,    1840,   p.  29.) 
gives  the  information  sought  for  by  E.  C. :  • 

"  Having  said  thus  much  of  tlie  dress  and  equipment 
of  Wallace,  the  followin":  anecdote  respecting  his  strength 
and  personal  appearance  may  not  be  unacceptable  to  the 
reader;  it  is  translated  from  Hector  Boece  bj'  the  learned 
editor  of  Morrison's  edition  of  Blind  Harry,  who  thus 
introduces  it:  —  'Though  this  author  f Boece)  in  general 
is  not  much  to  be  credited,  yet  it  -would  be  hard  not  to 
believe  him  in  an  instance  which  happened  near  his  own 
time,  and  in  which,  if  he  had  spoken  falsely,  he  could 
immediately  have  been  detected.  The  anecdote  in  an- 
other respect  is  curious,  as  it  affords  an  example  of  lon- 
gevity, not  unsimilar  to  that  of  the  Irish  Countess  of 
Desmond,  who  attained  a  still  more  advanced  age. 

"  The  date  is  the  year  1430.  At  that  time  James  I. 
was  in  Perth ;  and  perhaps  having  heard  Henry  the 
3Iinstrel*  recite  some  of  Wallace's  exploits,  found  his 
curiosity  excited  to  visit  a  noble  lad}'  of  great  age,  who 
was  able  to  inform  him  of  many  ancient  matters.  She 
lived  in  the  castle  of  Kinnoul,  on  the  opposite  side  of  the 
river ;  and  was  probably  a  widow  of  one  of  the  Lords  of 
Erskine,  a  branch  of  whose  family  continued  to  be  de- 
nominated from  the  barony  of  Kinnoul  till  about  the 
3'_ear  1440.  It  was  Bocce's  manner  to  relate  an  event  as 
circumstantially  as  if  he  had  been  one  of  the  parties,  and 
engaged  in  it.  I  shall,  therefore,  give  the  anecdote  in  his 
own  manner,  by  translating  his  words :  — 

"  'In  consequence  of  her  extreme  old  age,  she  had  lost 
her  sight,  but  alt  her  other  senses  were  entire;  and  her 
body  was  yet  firm  and  lively.  She  had  seen  William 
Wallace  and  Robert  Bruce,  and  frequently  told  parti- 
culars concerning  them.  The  King,  who  entertained  a 
love  and  veneration  of  greatness,  resolved  to  visit  the 
old  lady,  that  he  might  hear  her  describe  the  manners 
and  strength  of  the  two  heroes,  who  were  admired  in  his 
time,  as  they  now  are  in  ours.  He,  therefore,  sent  a 
message,  acquainting  her  that  he  was  to  come  to  her 
next  day.  She  received  the  message  gratefully ;  and 
gave  immediate  orders  to  her  handmaids  to  prepare  every- 
thing for  his  reception  in  the  best  manner,  particularlj' 
that  they  should  display  her  pieces  of  tapestry ;  some  of 
which  were  uncommonly  rich  and  beautiful.  All  her  ser- 
vants became  busily  employed,  for  their  work  was  in  some 
degree  unusual,  as  she  had  not  for  a  long  time  been  ac- 
customed to  receive  princely  visitors.  The  next  day,  when 
told  the  King  was  approaching,  she  went  down  into  the 
hall  of  her  castle,  dressed  with  as  much  elegance  and  finery 
as  her  old  age  and  the  fashion  of  the  time  would  permit ; 
attended  by  a  train  of  matrons,  many  of  whom  were  her 
own  descendants,  of  which  number  some  appeai'ed  more 
altered  and  disfigured  by  age  than  she  herself  was.  One 
of  her  matrons  having  "informed  her  that  the  King  was 
entering  the  hall,  she  arose  from  her  seat,  and  advanced 
to  meet  him  so  easily  and  gracefully,  that  he  doubted  of 

*  "According  to  Pinkerton,  and  other  authorities, 
Henrj'  did  not  finish  his  work  till  1470.  It  is,  therefore, 
more  probable  that  the  curiosity  of  James  was  excited  b}' 
the  original  narrative  of  Blair ;  a  book  which,  from  his 
long  captivity  in  England,  he  had  perhaps  heard  little 
about,  till  his  return  to  Scotland.  The  rehearsal,  there- 
fore, of  the  heroic  achievements  of  his  illustrious  country- 
man may  have  produced  all  the  excitement  which  the 
editor  of  the  Perth  edition  supposes,  though  not  made  by 
the  Minstrel." 


her  being  wholly  blind.  At  his  desire,  she  embraced  and 
kissed  him.  Her  attendant  assured  him  that  she  was 
wholly  blind ;  but  that,  from  long  custom,  she  had  ac- 
quired these  easy  movements.  He  took  her  by  the  hand 
and  sat  down,  desiring  her  to  sit  on  the  same  seat  next 
to  him.  And  then,  in  a  long  conference,  he  interrogated 
her  respecting  ancient  matters.  He  was  much  delighted 
with  her  conversation.  Among  other  things,  he  asked 
her  to  tell  him  what  sort  of  a  man  William  Wallace  was? 
What  was  his  personal  figure ?  What  his  courage?  And 
with  what  degree  of  strength  he  was  endowed  ?  He  put 
the  same  questions  to  her  concerning  Bruce.  Robert,  she 
said,  was  a  man  beautiful,  and  of  a  fine  appearance.  His 
strength  was  so  great,  that  he  could  easily  have  over- 
come any  mortal  man  of  his  time ;  but  in  so  far  as  he 
excelled  other  men,  he  was  excelled  by  Wallace,  both  in 
stature  and  in  bodily  strength ;  for,  in  wrestling,  Wallace 
could  have  overthrown  two  such  men  as  Robert  was. 

"  '  The  King  made  some  inquiries  concerning  his  own 
immediate  parents,  and  his  other  ancestors ;  and  having 
heard  her  relate  many  things,  returned  to  Perth  well 
pleased  with  the  visit  he  had  made.'  "  —  Bofe'th.  Hist., 
i.  xvii. 

John  I.  Dredge. 


ONE   GirPORD, 

S. 


A   CLERGYMAN. 


(2"''  S.  i.  492.) 

"Verse  sweetens  toil,  however  rude  the  sound, 
All  at  her  work  the  village  maiden  sings : 
Nor  while  she  turns  the  giddy  wheel  around. 
Revolves  the  sad  vicissitude  of  things." 

These  lines  are  quoted  by  Dr.  Samuel  Johnson 
in  his  Dictionary,  under  the  word  "  vicissitude ; " 
they  occur  in  a  short  poem  entitled  Contempla- 
tion*, which  was  printed  in  1753,  and  its  author 
was  Richard  GifFord,  B.A.,  of  Baliol  College,  Ox- 
ford ;  Vicar  of  DuffieW,  co.  Derby ;  Rector  of 
North  Ockendon,  co.  Essex  ;  and  Chaplain  to 
John  and  George,  fourth  and  sixth  Marquises  of 
Tweeddale,  to  whose  family  he  was  related.  Ri- 
chard Gifford  was  the  only  surviving  son  of  John 
Gifford  of  Tester  in  Scotland,  M.A.  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Edinburgh,  Rector  of  Mainstone,  co. 
Salop,  and  chaplain  to  Charles,  third  Marquis  of 
Tweeddale.  His  mother  was  Elizabeth  Wollaston, 
sister  of  Richard  Wollaston,  Receiver-General  of 
Taxes  for  the  county  of  Salop.  She  belonged  to 
a  branch  of  the  ancient  family  of  Wollaston  of 
Wollaston  in  Staffordshire.  In  1748  the  Rev. 
Richard  Gifford  published  his  Bemarhs  on  Mr. 
Kennicott's  Dissertation  on  the  Ti'ee  of  Life  in 
Paradise.  In  1751  appeared  his  Dissertation  on 
the  Song  of  Solomon,  tvith  the  original  Text,  di- 
vided according  to  the  Metre,  and  a  Poetical  Ver- 
sion. (See  Lowndes's  Bi'itish  Librarian,  p.  174. 
art.  393.)  His  Ontlines  of  an  Answer  to  Dr. 
Priestley  s  Disquisition  relatijtg  to  Matter  and 
Spirit  followed  in  1781.  Mr.  Gifford  took  upon 
himself  the  labour  of  translating,   for   Nichols's 


*  See  vol.  V.  p.  182.  of  Nichols's  Literary  Anecdotes  of 
ttie  Eighteenth  Centw-y. 


2"«  S.  N"  30.,  July  26.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


15 


History  of  Leicestershire,  so  mucli  of  Domesday 
Book  as  related  to  the  liistory  of  that  county ;  an 
arduous  task,  which  ho  performed  ably  and 
promptly.  His  translations  ut'  Lycophron  and  Ni- 
cander  into  English  verse  were  never  published, 
but  he  left  behind  him  a  mass  of  ineditcd  manu- 
scripts, evidences  of  the  unwearied  and  recondite 
studies  of  his  long  life.  Some  specimens  of  his 
polished  verse  are  to  be  found  in  Dodsley's  col- 
lection, and  to  a  few  of  his  articles  in  the  Gentle- 
man s  Magazine  the  signature  of  "K,.  DufF"  is 
placed.  This  rare  old  scholar  was  tutor,  for  a 
short  time,  to  the  late  well-known  sportsman 
Hugo  Meynell,  of  Hoar  Cross  ;  but  his  private 
fortune  was  ample,  and  it  seems  that  tuition  did 
not  suit  his  taste,  for  when  John,  eighth  Earl  of 
Rothes,  requested  him  to  become  "tutor  and 
manager  "  of  his  eldest  son,  he  declined  the  pro- 
posal, though  it  was  accompanied  by  the  promise 
of  future  preferment.  By  a  letter  addressed  to 
Mr.  Giflbrd  from  George,  sixth  Marquis  of  Tweed- 
dale  (dated  Newhall,  Dec.  26,  1772),  it  appears 
that  he  had  also  refused  to  undertake  the  same 
duties,  attended  by  the  same  prospective  advan- 
tages, in  the  family  of  that  nobleman's  elder 
brother.  The  Rev.  Richard  Giffbrd  married  in 
1763  Elizabeth  Woodhouse,  cousin  and  devisee  of 
the  Rev.  Thomas  Alleyne,  INI.  A.,  Rector  of  Lough- 
borough, CO.  Leicester.  The  subject  of  this  notice 
died  in  1807,  aged  eighty-two,  leaving  an  only 
child,  Euphemia,  who  died  unmarried,  Dec.  6, 
1853,  in  her  eighty-ninth  year.  Mr.  Giflbrd  bore 
the  arms  of  the  Giffords  of  Yestcr,  and  his  crest 
was  a  goat's  head. 
A  Relative  or  "  One  GirroKD,  A  Clergyman." 


Lines  quoted  by  Sir  Robert  Peel  (2"^  S.  ii.  48.) 
They  are  Di*yden's  of  Shaftesbury  in  Absolom  and 
Achitophel.  C, 

"  When  waves  run  high, 
A  daring  pilot  in  extremity." 

The  right  version  is,  — 

"  A  daring  pilot  in  extremity, 
Pleased  with  the  danger  when  the  waves  ran  high." 
Absolom  and  Achitophel,  160. 

X.H. 

Tale  loantcd  (2">^  S.  i.  11.)  — I  beg  to  refer  a.  j8. 
to  a  tale  entitled  "The  Table  d'llote,"  in  the 
Neio  Montldy  Magazine  (vol.  Ixxi.  p.  495.),  of 
which  the  following  is  a  summary  of  the  chief  in- 
cidents :  —  An  English  tourist,  at  Interlacken, 
finds  himself  placed  at  the  dinner-table  vis-a-vis 
to  a  beautiful  woman,  whose  features  seem  not 
altogether  unfamiliar  to  him.  His  memory  and 
conversational  powers  stimulated  by  his  host's 
champagne,  he  finds  himself,  by  the  time  the  ladies 


have  withdrawn,  in  a  position  to  impart  to  an 
Italian  signor  by  his  side  his  conviction  that  their 
beautiful  convive  was  the  identical  person  whom 
he  had  chanced  to  see  exposed  in  the  pillory,  and 
branded  as  a  thief,  a  year  or  two  ago  at  Brussells. 
The  Italian,  who  has  become  excited  during  the 
progress  of  the  story,  quits  the  dinner-table,  and 
the  communicative  Englishman  takes  a  digestive 
stroll.  In  the  evening  he  is  summoned  by  the 
waiter  into  the  Italian's  room ;  where  he  learns, 
to  his  horror,  that  tlie  person  whom  he  has  made 
the  confidant  of  his  reminiscences  is  the  husband 
of  their  heroine  !  A  recantation  is  demanded, 
and  a  duel  across  the  table  proposed  as  an  alter- 
native :  the  Italian  proceeding,  as  a  minor  pre- 
liminary, to  falsify  the  Englishman's  statement  by 
causing  his  wife,  who  is  an  agonised  spectator  of 
the  interview,  to  bare  her  shoulders.  She  accom- 
plishes the  pi'ocess,  and  the  fatal  scar  is  seen.  A 
yell,  that  bursts  from  the  husband's  lips,  "  pro- 
claims at  once  his  conviction  and  his  agony." 
Voices  are  now  heard  at  the  door  ;  and  the  Italian, 
finding  that  there  is  no  time  to  lose,  pi'oceeds  to 
business :  his  first  pistol  wounds  his  wife,  the 
second  puts  a  stop  to  his  own  career.  The  En- 
glishman shouts  in  desperation  to  those  outside  to 
force  the  door,  and  the  curtain  falls  on  the  tableau. 

This  outline  of  the  story  may  either  save  or 
stimulate  reference  to  the  volume  which  I  have 
indicated.  William  Bates. 

Birmingham. 

Striking  in  tkc  King's  Court  (2'"'  S.  ii.  49.)  — 
The  first  Duke  of  Devonshire,  when  Lord  Caven- 
dish, having  struck  Colonel  Culpepper  within  the 
verge  of  the  court,  was  acrimoniously  prosecuted 
for  the  offence ;  and  was  glad  to  escape  the  am- 
putation by  a  fine  of  30,000^.,  which  was,  I  think, 
remitted  at  the  Revolution  which  soon  after  fol- 
lowed. C. 

Laton  Billiards  (2'"'  S.  ii.  10.)  —  Troco,  or 
Trocho,  which  F.  C.  B.  brings  forward  as  another 
name  for  the  above,  is  most  likely  a  word  adopted 
from  the  Greek  by  the  inventor  or  restorer  of 
the  game.  Tpox^s  (vide  Donnegan's  Lex.)  means 
"  any  thing  of  a  circular  or  globular  form,  a  ball 
or  globe."  Instances  of  a  similar  application  of 
the  ancient  languages  to  modern  inventions  will 
be  familiar  to  most  of  your  readers,  e.  q.  Rhypo- 
phagoii,  Kamptidicon,  Antigropelos ;  and  in  my 
time,  at  Cambridge,  a  certain  slate  billiard  table 
was  designated  on  the  owner's  sign-board  as 
"patent  petrosian"  (from  Trerpos,  "a  stone,"  no 
doubt).  J.  Eastwood. 

Eckington. 

Credence  Table  (2"^  S.  i.  154.)— I  saw  it  stated 
in  one  of  our  quarterly  periodicals  in  1852,  that 
"credence  table"  was  derived  from  an  obsolete 
German  verb,  Krcdcnzcn,  to  taste,  owing  to  the 


76 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


12"^  S.  No  30.,  July  26.  '5G. 


elements  being  placed  on  the  credence  table  ;  with 
a  view  to  their  being  publicly  tasted  (before  con- 
secration) by  a  person  appointed  for  that  purpose, 
whenever  the  monarch  was  about  to  communicate, 
lest  poison  intended  to  destroy  the  monarch 
should  be  mixed  with  the  bread  or  wine. 

JUVEEKA. 

Benjamin  Franklin  (2"''  S.  i.  305.)  —  Some 
curious  particulars  connected  with  the  life  of  the 
philosopher  are  given  in  — 

"  History  of  a  French  Louse,  or  the  Spy  of  a  New 
Species  in  France  and  England,  &c.  A  Key  to  the  chief 
Events  of  the  Year  1779,  and  those  which  are  to  happen 
in  1780.  London :  printed  for  T.  Becket,  Adelphi,  Strand, 
1779." 

Franklin  had  been,  at  this  time,  the  minister- 
plenipotentiary  from  the  Ainerican  Congress  to 
the  Court  of  London,  and  had  not  escaped  the 
satire  of  the  English  pamphleteers.  From  the 
rather  scurrilous  nature  of  the  publication,  what 
is  stated  may  be  expected  to  be  a  little  over- 
charged, yet  not  inconsistent  with  the  information 
we  have  through  other  channels  of  the  Doctor's 
habits.  One  extract  as  a  specimen  of  his  economy 
may  suffice  : 

"  He  then  quitted  his  master,  and  lived  privately,  sub- 
sisting for  mauy  years  upon  fourpence  a-day.  I  cannot 
conceive  how  he  did  it :  to  me  it  seems  impossible.  And 
yet  nothing  is  more  easy;  it  requires  onlj'  resolution:  his 
method  was  to  purchase  for  three  pence  a  quantity  of 
potatoes,  which  served  him  for  bread  and  meat  both,  and 
of  which  there  was  sufficient  to  subsist  on  a  whole  week. 
A  baker  roasted  them  for  a  halfpenny;  and  he  bought 
from  a  milk-woman,  daily,  a  halfpenny  worth  of  milk ; 
all  this  amounted  to  no  more  than  sevenpence  a  week. 
He  gave  a  penny  a  daj'  for  his  lodgings  in  a  garret,  be- 
cause he  liked  neatness  and  convenience,  otherwise  he 
might  have  accommodated  himself  at  a  cheaper  rate.  He 
drank  small  beer  mixed  with  water,  and  this  cost  him 
twopence  a  week.  The  remainder  he  laid  by  for  dress  and 
pocket  -money :  for  he  employed  nobody  to  wash  for  him, 
or  to  mend  his  linen  and  stockings.  Now  let  us  calculate, 
and  you  will  be  convinced  that  it  is  not  impossible  to  live 
upon  this  sum.  Fourpence  a  day  makes  twenty-eight 
pence  a  week : 

His  potatoes,  the  dressing  of  them,  and  his  milk, 

cost  him  every  week  .         .         .         -         .     7c/, 

His  lodging  ......        --7 

And  his  beer        ........    2 


Total 


16 


Thus,  out  of  eight-and-twenty  pence  a  week,  there  re- 
mained twelve  to  make  a  figure  with." 

In  the  Universal  Asylum  and  Columbian  Maga- 
zine for  April  1790,  printed  at  "Philadelphia  by 
William  Young"  (who  emigrated  from  Paisley), 
will  be  found  a  very  interesting  notice  of  "  the 
order  of  procession  "  at  the  Doctor's  funeral ;  and 
a  "  short  account  of  his  last  illness  by  his  attend- 
ing physician."  G.  N. 

Umbrella  or  Parasol  (2"'^  S.  i.  503.)— Jos.  G. 
says,  "  If  it  be  an  umbrella,  it  certainly  is  a  some- 


what ancient  discovery."  Why  not  ?  When,  for 
aught  we  know,  the  Chinese,  Burmese,  and  natives 
of  India,  have  used  umbrellas  from  time  imme- 
morial. The  umbrellas  referred  to  in  the  Nine- 
vite  sculptures  are  facsimiles  of  the  "  chattas " 
still  in  use  among  the  Burmese  and  Indians. 

E.  E.  Byng. 
Surnames  (2'"i  S.  i.  213.  396.  522.)  — It  may 
further  establish  the  fact,  that  Rand  is  a  local 
name,  if  I  mention  that  the  eighth  Abbat  of 
Bardney,  who  was  deposed  in  1214,  bore  the  name 
of  Ralf  de  Band.  See  Leland's  Collectanea,  vi. 
216.,  Lond.,  1770,  8vo.  J.  Sansom. 

Hengist  and  Horsa  (2"''  S.  i.  439.)  — J.  M.  K. 

says : 

"  There  is  no  reason  to  believe  the  Frisian  heroes 
Hengist  and  Horsa  to  be  a  bit  more  genuine  than  Cad- 
nms  or  Romulus;  they  merely  adumbrate  in  the  usual 
way  the  historical  fact  that  Kent  was  peopled  by  Frisian 
tribes." 

If  they  are  but  myths,  how  is  their  descent 
actually  registered  in  the  old  chronicles  quoted 
by  Mac  Cabe  in  his  Catholic  History  of  England? 
At  p.  96.,  he  says  :  "  Tliey  were  the  sons  of  Wicht- 
gisius,  the  son  of  Wecta,  whose  father  was 
Woden."  For  this  genealogy  he  gives  Beda  as 
his  authority.  Then  (p.  97.)  he  transcribes  from 
Roger  de  Wendover  and  Geoffry  of  Monmouth  a 
conversation  between  Hengist  and  the  British 
king  Vortigern.  In  a  note  (p.  98.),  he  quotes 
from  Sir  F.  Palgrave's  Rise  and  Progress  of  the 
English  Commonwealth,  and  says  : 

"  The  learned  author  remarks,  as  to  Hengist  and  HorSiJ, 
that,  'the  names  bestowed  upon  the  sons  of  Wightgils 
seem  to  be  poetical  epithets,  rather  than  veal  denomina- 
tions; botli  have  the  same  meaning,  and  both  only  de- 
signate the  snow-white  steed,  from  whom  their  ancestors 
sought  the  omen  before  they  entered  the  conflict,  and 
whose  form,  still  constituting  the  heraldry  of  Kent, 
adorned  the  standard  which  led  them  forth  to  victory.' " 

At  p.  101.,  he  mentions  "the  daughter  of  Hen- 
gist," quoting  William  of  Malmesbury  and  Poly- 
dore  Vergil.  By  Geoffry  of  Monmouth  she  is  called 
"  lionwen  ;"  and  by  Nennius,  "  Romwena."  The 
same  authorities  describe  the  death  of  Horsa,  and 
his  being  succeeded  by  Hengist.  In  a  note 
(p.  108.),  Mac  Cabe  says  :  "Horsa  is  believed  to 
have  been  buried  at  Horstead  in  Kent;"  adding, 
in  inverted  commas,  "  jVIonumentum  suo  nomine 
insigne."  In  the  note  following  the  above,  he 
quotes  from  the  Saxon  Chronicle,  a.  d.  455 : 
"And  aefter  tham  feng  llengest  to  rice."  Tlie 
return  of  Hengist  to  England  in  461  is  there  re- 
lated (p.  111.),  with  his  subsequent  acts,  till  his 
sentence  by  Eldad,  Bishop  of  Gloucester,  in  the 
Council  of  Conisborough,  to  be  beheaded.  Geof. 
Mon.,  Rog.  de  Wend.,  and  Matt.  Westm.,  all  agree 
in  this  account  of  his  death. 

Could  so  many^ac^s  have  been  recorded  of  two 
heroes  who  bad  no  personal  existence  whatever  ? 


2"d  S.  No  30.,  July  26.  '56.] 


NOTKS  AND  QUERIES. 


77 


when  William  of  Malmesbury  even  gives  a  per- 
sonal character  of  Hengist : 

"  Vir  qui  successus  suos  non  minus  fraudibus  quain 
viribus  urgeiis,  multum  genuine  sajvitiic  indulgens, 
omnia  cruentius  quam  civilius  agere  mallet." — Gest.  Her. 
Aug.,  lib.  i.  sec.  8. 

This  quoted  by  Mac  Cabe  in  a  note,  p.  127. 

E.  E.  Byng. 

Morning  Dreams  (2"'^  S.  i.  392.)  — Your  corre- 
spondent Sartor  has,  I  think,  misquoted  a  line 
from  Samuel  Lover's  songs  of  The  Superstitions 
of  the  Irish  Peasantry,  which  begins  with  these 
lines : 

"  The  eye  of  weeping 
Had  closed  in  sleeping, 
And  I  dreamed  a  sweet  dream  yesternight." 

The  concluding  line  of  the  song  is,  — 

"  For  I  knew  that  the  morning  dream  was  true." 

The  superstition  is  as  old  as  Horace,  who  writes 
(1st  Book  of  Satires,  10th  Satire,  31st  line)  : 

"  Atqui  ego,  cum  Grajcos  facerem,  natus  mare  citra, 
Versiculos,  vetuit  tali  me  voce  Quirinus, 
Post  mediam  noctein  visus,  quum  somnia  vera." 

Tibullus  also,  in  the  fourth  Elegy  of  his  third 
book,  writes  : 

"  Dii  meliora  ferant,  ne  sint  insomnia  vera, 
QujB  tulit  extrema  proxima  nocte  quies." 

And  Ovid  {Epist.  Heroides)  ; 

"  Namque  sub  Aurora,  jam  dormitante  lucerna, 
Tempore  quo  cerni  somnia  vera  solent." 

Sec  the  Delphin  Horace,  p.  423. 

JUVEBNA,  M.A. 

Dreams  true  after  Midnight.  —  Orellius,  com- 
menting on  Horace,  Sat.  i.  10.  33.  ("  Quirinus 
post  mediam  noctem  visus,  quum  somnia  vera), 
cites  Moschus,  2.  2. : 

"  NvKTOs  ore  rpiraTOv  A.ax°5  icTTaTai,  eYV'f'  ^'  ^"5" 
Evre  Kal  arpeKitav  Troiuaii'eTOi  efiros  oviipiav. 

A.  A.  D. 

Thomas  Simon  (P'  S.  xii.27. ;  2""^  S.  i.  477.)  — 
As  Simon  was  a  citizen  and  goldsmith,  his  father's 
name  and  his  own  age  will  be  found  in  the  record 
of  his  apprenticeship  and  admission  to  the  freedom 
in  the  books  of  the  Goldsmiths'  Company,  and 
most  likely  other  particulars.  The  officials  of  the 
Company  would  doubtless  willingly  contribute  to 
the  iamc  of  a  member  so  eminent.  The  same 
books  will  show  whether  his  sons  were  admitted 
to  the  freedom  by  patrimony.  Hyde  Clarke. 

Whitsunday  (2"^^  S.  i.  521.)  —  In  enumerating 
the  Feasts,  on  which  churches  were  decked  with 
flowers,  Mr.  Mackenzie  AValcott  having  men- 
tioned that  of  Pentecost,  calls  the  English  name 
Whiteson-Day,  and  considers  that  name  a  cor- 
ruption of  the  German  pingsten,  fiftieth.  But 
surely  here  is  a  twofold  mistake.  The  word 
should  be  Pfingsten,  which  hgs  no  apparent  con- 


nection with  the  German  word  for  fiftieth,  which 
is  funfzigste.  Still  less  conceivable  is  it  that  our 
word  Whiteson-Day,  or  Whitsunday,  can  have 
been  a  corruption  of  Pfingsten,  by  any  process 
however  ingenious.  The  received  origin  of  the 
name  Whitsunday  is  from  the  appearance  of  the 
neophytes  on  that  Sunday  and  during  the  octave, 
in  the  church,  in  the  white  garments  which  they 
had  received  at  their  solemn  baptism  on  the  pre- 
ceding Saturday,  called  Whitsun  Eve.      F.  C.  H. 

Odments  (2"'^  S.  i.  433.)  —  This  word  is  still  in 
common  use  in  various  parts  of  the  north  of  Eng- 
land, particularly  in  the  Deanery  of  Craven,  in 
the  VVest  Riding  of  Yorkshire.  Your  corre- 
spondent Centurion  will  find  it  in  both  Brocket's 
Glossary,  and  an  anonymous  one  of  the  Craven 
dialect.  Q- 

Bloorasbury. 

The  Weather  (2"''  S.  i.  431.)  —  The  observation 
of  N.  H.  L.  R.  relative  to  a  change  in  the  prevail- 
ing winds,  corresponds  with  my  own  experience 
on  the  same  subject ;  and  this  change  is  especially 
remarkable  in  the  west  of  England,  where  for- 
merly the  S.W.  almost  amounted  to  a  "  trade." 

A  few  yeai's  ago,  being  at  Dover,  I  learned 
from  the  pilots  that  the  S.W.,  which  used  to  be 
the  prevalent  wind,  was  no  longer  so,  —  easterly 
winds  now  predominating  ;  as  might  be  seen  by  a 
reference  to  the  book  kept  in  the  harbour-master's 
office. 

I  never  made  the  refei*ence,  therefore  cannot 
vouch  for  the  truth  of  the  assertion.  Perhaps 
your  correspondent  may  have  an  opportunity  of 
so  doing.  A.  C.  M. 

Exeter. 

Burning  of  Books  (2"*^  S.  ii.  19.)  —  At  the  time 
of  the  late  Duke  of  York's  connexion  with  Mrs. 
Mary  Anne  Clarke,  in  the  years  1808-9,  I  re- 
member an  amusing  caricature  by  Rowlandson, 
called  "  The  Burning  of  the  Books."  It  repre- 
sented Mrs.  Clarke  ordering  piles  of  books  to  be 
burnt,  which  were  brought  on  the  shoulders  of 
several  men,  and  flung  into  a  large  fire.  The 
books  were  lettered  Memoirs  o/ilfr*.  C,  of  Col. 
Wardle,  the  D.  of  York,  &c..  and  Mrs.  Clarke  was 
represented  saying ;  "  Burn  away  !  I  would  burn 
the  universe  for  the  money.  Not  a  single  vestige 
in  print  or  manuscript  shall  be  preserved,  except 
copies  for  Dr.  O'Meara,  and  a  few  private  friends." 

^  F.C.H. 

Port  Jackson  (2"''  S.  ii.  50.)— I  think  there  can 
be  no  doubt  that  Port  Jackson  was  so  named 
after  Sir  George  Jackson,  then  second  secretary 
of  the  Admiralty.  The  claim  of  the  "  man  at  the 
mast  head"  is  negatived  by  the  statement  that 
produces  it ;  for  how  could  the  "  man  at  the  mast 
head"    have   had    any   share  in    discovering    a 


78 


NOTES  AND  QUfitllES. 


r2n«S.  N°SO.,  July  2G, '56. 


harbour,  so  wholly  invisible  from  seaward  that 
when  the  captain,  taking  to  his  boat,  found  out  an 
entrance,  he  was  filled  with  "astonishment  more 
easily  conceived  than  described."  C. 

Jeivish  Pei'siiasion  (2'"'  S.  i.  492.)  —  Centurion 
proposes  what  seems  to  me  a  very  odd  question. 
Persuasion  is  a  very  common  synonyme  for  reli- 
gious belief.  It  means  (not  that  a  man  has  been 
persuaded  by  any  one  to  adopt  a  creed,  but)  that 
he  is  what  he  is  hy  conviction.  An  instance  of  the 
use  of  the  term  occurs  in  Goldsmith's  History  of 
England,  where  one  motive  which  induced  Percy 
to  write  his  mysterious  letter  to  Lord  Monteagle 
is  said  to  be  because  the  latter  "  was  of  the  same 
persuasion  as  himself."  C.  H.  S.  (Clk.) 

Rev.  R.  Montgomery  (2"'>  S.  I.  293.  321.  400. 
521.)  —  (x.  professes  to  write  "for  the  sake  of 
accuracy,"  and  endorses  D.'s  communication  as 
"  correct."  Now  D.  said  that  the  evidence  of  u 
baptismal  register  had  never  been  adduced.  James 
Darmng,  however,  showed  that  this  had  been  ad- 
duced. And  yet  says  G.,  D.'s  communication  is 
"correct ! "  What  would  convince  G.  ?  A  bap- 
tismal register  is  evidence  in  a  court  of  law;  and 
therefore  G.  must  prove  that  Mr.  Montgomery 
sent  a  forged  certificate  to  the  Quarterly,  or  else 
must  submit  to  be  deemed  inaccurate.  A  Bath 
Directory  is  of  no  weight  against  a  baptismal 
register.  /5.  y.  5. 

Meaning  of^^hayne''  (2"^  S.  ii.  49.)— J.  E.  should 
have  stated  which  his  "  neighbourhood"  is.  It  is 
not  a  frequent  termination  in  any  district  that  I 
remember.  It  may  i)ossibly  be  the  plural  of  hay, 
a  hedge.  C. 

Parochial  Libraries  (2"'»  S.  i.  459.)  —  There 
was  one  attached  to  the  parish  church  of  Wester- 
ham,  Kent : 

"  One  Charles  West  gave  the  parish  by  will  in  1765, 
together  with  100/.  stock  for  the  use  of  the  poor,  a  library 
of  books  consisting  of  several  hundred  volumes,  many  of 
them  curious  and  rare.  The  catalogue  of  these  books  is 
carefully  preserved  in  the  parish  chest,  but  the  books 
themselves  are  nowhere  to  be  found."  —  George's  Wester- 
ham  Journal,  April  1,  1844. 

Westerham  church  has  unfortunately  often  fallen 
into  bad  hands  :  its  library  has  gone,  many  of  its 
brasses  have  been  removed,  in  some  instances  by 
those  who  should  have  protected  them.  A  writer 
in  the  Gent's  Mag.,  1807,  complains  of  seeing 
one  acting  as  fender  to  the  clerk's  fire-place! 
There  are  several  excellent  specimens  still  exist- 
ing, one  of  which  has  been  recently  engraved  by 
Mr.  Dunkin  in  his  History  of  Kent ;  but  if  not  re- 
moved to  some  other  part  of  the  church,  or  aflSxed 
to  the  wall  near,  it  will  (being  just  within  the 
porch)  be  worn  to  a  level  with  the  paving.  But 
all  has  been  "  low  and  slow:"  a  fine  roof  lath  and 
plastered  over,  pews  like  sheep  pens,  windows  cut 


about,  and  everything  done  to  deface  and  to  spoil 
what  otherwise  would  have  been  an  imposing, 
though  not  handsome,  structure. 

I  believe,  however,  that  a  different  spirit  in 
some  measure  has  been  awakened,  and  that  there 
are  those  now  who  would  prevent  any  further 
devastation.  H.  G.  D. 

Validity  of  English  Orders  (2"''  S.  i.  476.)  — 
No  one  doubts  that  the  practice  in  the  church  of 
Home  is,  and  long  has  been,  to  deny  the  validity 
of  English  orders ;  but  it  is  a  curious  point  of 
history  that  this  practice  was  by  no  means  uniform 
at  the  time  of  the  Reformation.  Thus  Latimer 
was  taken  for  no  true  bishop,  and  not  degraded 
from  the  episcopal  order,  while  several  others 
who  had  been  consecrated  exactly  as  Latimer  was, 
but  conformed  under  Queen  Mary,  were  at  once 
acknowledged  bishops,  without  re-consecration. 

ft.  7-  5. 

Religious  Play  before  Henry  VITI.  at  Green- 
wich in  1527  (2'">  S.  ii.  24.)— C.  M.  has  failed  to 
remark  the  errors  made  by  Mr.  Froude  in  his  rno- 
derniscd  version  of  tlie  old  account  respecting 
this  play.  They  ai*e  of  more  importance  than  the 
question  whether  Mr.  Froude  copied  from  Mr. 
Colliei',  or  not;  whilst  they  pretty  clearly  show 
that  he  did  not  copy  from  the  Annals  of  the  Stage, 
as  docs  the  circumstance  of  Mr.  Froude  quoting 
from  the  Rolls  House,  where  the  MS.  is  now  de- 
posited, instead  of  the  Chapter  House,  where  it  was 
when  Mr.  Collier  wrote.  Mr.  Froude  has  omitted 
two  of  the  dramatis  persona,  the  Poet,  and  one  of 
the  ladies  of  Bohemia,  named  Corruption  of  Scrip- 
ture ;  the  three  orthodox  characters,  Religio, 
Ecclesia,  and  Veritas,  he  has  converted  into 
widows  instead  of  novices,  and  their  veils  into 
"  suits"  of  lawn  and  cypress.  Neither  Mr.  Froude 
nor, Mr.  Collier  explain  how  Luther  was  "lyke  a 
party  freer;"  but  I  imagine  the  term  applies  to 
his  costume :  he  was  "  in  russet  damaske  and  blahe 
taffata," — a  sort  oi  party  or  mongrel  friar,  some- 
thing like  a  wet  Quaker.  Neither  is  it  explained 
how  it  was  that  the  children  of  Paul's  required  so 
many  as  six  boats  for  their  conveyance  to  court : 
but  I  have  little  doubt  that  the  six  boats  vyere,  as 
six  cabs  might  be  now,  employed  at  six  different 
times,  either  at  six  several  visits  to  the  court  (for 
the  rehearsals  as  well  as  the  performance),  or  for 
three  visits,  one  boat  on  each  occasion  being  hired 
for  going  to  Greenwich,  and  the  other  for  re- 
turning. J-  G.  Nichols. 

Numerous  Families  (2"^  S.  ii.  39.)  —  In  the 
church  of  St.  Nicolas,  at  Ghent,  there  is  a  tablet 
to  the  memory  of  Oliver  Minjau  and  Amalberga 
Slangen,  his  wife,  who  were  the  parents  of  thirty- 
one  children,  twenty-one  boys  and  ten  girls.  Old 
Oliver  appeared  at  the  head  of  his  twenty-one 
sons,  all  in  uniform,  when  Charles  V.  made  his 


2°d  S.  No  30.,  July  2C.  '56.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


79 


entry  Into  Ghent  as  Count  of  Flanders.  Chai-les 
was  so  pleased  at  the  fiict  of  a  simple  artisan 
bringing  up  and  educating  such  a  family,  that  he 
conferred  on  Oliver  a  modest  pension.  The  re- 
nowned Count  of  Abensberg,  when  the  Emperor 
Henry  II.  visited  his  German  provinces,  presented 
his  thirty-two  children  as  the  most  acceptable 
offering  he  could  make  to  his  sovereign.  The 
Count  was  happier  with  them  than  poor  Minjau 
and  his  wife  Amalberga  with  theirs.  The  thirty- 
one  children  of  this  Ghent  couple  were  carried  off 
together,  in  1526,  by  the  suette^  which  we  have  no 
difficulty  (as  It  Is  called  the  newly  Imported  En- 
glish disease)  In  recognising  as  the  Mack  stveat  of 
England.  Minjau  and  his  wife  died  within  a  few 
weeks  after  the  loss  of  all  their  children,  among 
whom  they  lie  interred.  Their  monument  Is  the 
most  affecting  of  the  many  memorials  of  the  dead 
raised  in  populous  Ghent.  J.  Doran. 

JrisJi  Round  Towers  (2"'^  S.  11.  44.) — In  reply 
to  J.  M.  G.,  I  beg  leave  to  express  my  dissent 
from  his  statement,  that  the  origin  of  these  towers 
Is  a  profound  mystery.  I  have  myself  visited  and 
examined  a  majority  of  them  ;  and  have  read,  I 
believe,  all  that  has  been  published  about  them, 
and  have  not  the  slightest  doubt  that  they  were 
belfries,  as  their  ancient,  as  well  as  present  native, 
denomination  imports,  clochus.  I  cannot  but  think 
that  It  would  be  a  sad  waste  of  your  space  to  re- 
produce the  absurd  theories  with  which  this  really 
very  simple  question  has  been  perplexed.  C. 

The  best  theory  that  I  have  heard,  as  to  the 
origin  of  the  round  towers,  was  one  current  in  the 
famine  years,  when  all  kinds  of  useless  labour 
were  devised  for  the  employment  of  the  poor.  It 
was  simply  this — there  was  a  Board  of  Works  In 
those  days.  X.  II. 

Shoivlng  the  While  Feather  (P'  S.  v.  274.  309.) 
—  In  Andrew  Borde's  Bohe  of  the  Introduction  of 
Knoivledge,  1542,  I  find,  under  the  head  Navarre  : 

"  The  chiefe  towne  is  Pampilona,  and  there  is  another 
towne  called  Saj'nte  Domyngo,  in  the  whj-che  towne  there 
is  a  church,  in  the  whiche  is  kept  a  white  cocke  and  a 
hene.  And  euery  pijgrime  that  goeth  or  commyth  yt 
way  to  Saynt  James  in  Compostel  hath  a  whit  feder  to 
set  on  his  hat." 

Borde  then  proceeds  to  tell  a  marvellous  tale 
about  this  cock  and  hen  ;  which,  however,  do  not 
appear  to  be  connected  with  the  pilgrim's  white 
feather,  otherwise  than  in  his  inexplicit  language. 

J.  P. 

Birmingham. 

The  Ten  Commandments  (2"'^  S.  I.  503.)  —  For 
the  sake  of  information  and  not  controversy,  will 
F.  C.  H.  be  so  good  as  to  give  the  editions,  dates, 
&c.,  of  "  the  [Roman-Catholic]  catechisms  used 
by  authority  in  this  country  "  i|i  wbich  the  Com- 


mandments are  taught  at  length  ?  Dr.  M'^Caul 
In  a  tract  published  a  few  years  ago  stated  that 
he  could  find  only  one  or  two  such  in  the  world. 

/3.  y.  5. 

Jacobite  Song  (2"''  S.  11.  43.)  —  There  Is  a  mis- 
print in  this  song  which  Is  worth  correcting : 
"  Monarchy  halters"  should  be  "  Monarchy 
haters.^^ 

In  the  "  Political  Poem,"  in  p.  46.,  "  trump" 
is  obviously  a  mistake  for  '■'■triumph"  C. 

Kneller's  Portrait  of  Shahspeare  (2"''  S.  ii.  45.) 
—  The  following  note  from  Sir  Walter  Scott's 
Dryden  (vol.  xi.  p.  87.)  will  furnish  your  corre- 
spondent with  the  information  of  which  he  is  in 
search  :  — 

"  The  portrait  was  copied  from  one  in  the  possession  of 
Mr.  Betterton,  and  afterwards  in  that  of  the  Chandos 
famih'.  Twelve  engravings  were  executed  fi'oni  this 
painting,  which,  however,  the  ingenious  Mr.  Stevens 
[Steevens?],  and  other  commentators  on  Shakspeare, 
pronounced  a  forgery.  The  copy  presented  by  Kneller  to 
Dryden  is  in  the  collection  of  Earl  Fitzwilliam  at  Went- 
worth  House;  and  may  claim  that  veneration,  from 
having  been  the  object  of  our  author's  respect  and  en- 
thusiasm, which  has  been  denied  to  its  original,  as  a 
genuine  portrait  of  Shakspeare.  It  is  not,  however,  an 
admitted  point  that  the  Chandos  picture  is  a  forgery: 
the  contrary  has  been  keenly  maintained ;  and  Mr. 
Malone's  opinion  has  given  weight  to  tho.se  who  have 
espoused  its  defence." 

J.  Y. 

Crooked  Naves  (2"*^  S.  I.  432.)  —  An  Instance 
of  a  crooked  clioir  occurs  in  Christ  Church,  Dub- 
lin. The  building  takes  a  very  decided  bend  to 
the  north.  It  is  remarkable  that  the  east  window 
of  this  cathedral  is  placed  much  nearer  to  one  side 
(the  south,  I  think,)  than  the  other.  It  looks  as  If 
intended  to  compensate  for  the  bend  in  the  choir. 

C.  II.  S.  (Clk.) 

''Siuang,"  "Wong"  "Wang"  (2"''  S.  i.  471. 
522.)  —  At  Tickhill,  co.  York,  are  lands,  all  or 
mostly  meadow,  called  the  North  Wongs,  South 
Wongs,  Saffron  Wongs,  and  Church  Wongs. 

C.J. 


NOTES   ON   BOOKS,   ETC. 

"  Southey's  Letters  shoAv  his  true  character,"  is  the 
motto,  from  one  who  knew  him  well,  quoted  on  the  title- 
page  of  the  Selections  from  t/ie  Letters  of  Robert  Soul/iey, 
of  which  the  third  and  fourth  volumes,  "edited  by  his  son- 
in-law,  the  Rev.  John  Wood  Warter,  are  now  before  us. 
We  think  this  motto  might  be  amended,  and  that  to  get 
Southey's  true  character,  we  should  have  all  his  letters, 
and  not  a  selection,  from  which  to  form  our  judgment. 
On  the  appearance  of  the  former  volumes  we  spoke 
warmly  in  their  favour ;  and  if  our  notice  of  those  which 
are  now  published  is  more  tempered,  it  is  because  we  feel 
that  ja»5tic9  to  Southey  himself,  as  w«U  aa  to  many  others, 


80 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  g.  No  30.,  J0LY  26.  '5G. 


of  whom,  under  the  influence  of  supposed  wrong,  he  writes 
angrily,  not  to  say  unjustly,  should  have"  dictated  many 
omissions.  There  is  no  more  delicate  task  than  that  of 
selecting  from  the  papers  of  those  who  have  died  full  of 
fame  and  honours  those  which  may  most  fairly  and 
justly  be  given  to  the  world.  In  his  love  and  reverence 
for  the  name  of  Robert  Southey,  and  his  belief  that 
Southey  could  do  no  wrong,  his  editor  has  not  made  those 
suppi-essions  which  we  are  sure  Southey  himself  would 
have  insisted  on.  Such  omissions  would  have  added 
greatly  to  the  charm  of  a  book  which  Avill  still  be  read 
with  interest  bj'  all  the  admirers  of  the  Laureate. 

Tiie  new  number  of  The  Quarterhj  Review  opens  with  a 
well  Avritten  article,  on  that  historical  and  religious 
mystery,  Savonarola  :  this  is  followed  by  one  on  the  new 
volumes  of  Grote,  which  are  highly  praised  by  the  writer  ; 
and  a  graphic  and  picturesque  article  on  The  Causes  of 
the  Civil  War,  completes  the  list  of  historical  papers. 
The  political  articles  treat  on  The  Papal  Government  and 
The  Dispute  ivith  America ;  and  the  gossiping  article, 
always  a  good  one  in  The  Quarterlif,  is  that  entitled  The 
Police  and  the  Thieves. 

How  much  of  its  present  popularity  Walton's  Angler  owes 
to  the  piscatorial  tendencies  of  our  publishers  is  a  pretty 
matter  for  speculation.  To  that  cause  we  are  certainly 
indebted  for  the  beautiful  editions  of  Bagster,  John  Major, 
and  Pickering ;  and  to  this  list  we  have  now  to  add  one 
brought  out  by  Bobn,  of  great  beauty  and  marvellous 
cheapness,  under  the  editorship  and  supervision  of  Mr. 
Jesse, but  with  large  contributions  from  his  own  pen ,  When 
we  say  that  this  edition  contains  upwards  of  two  hundred 
Avoodcuts,  and  six-and-twenty  engravings  on  steel,  our 
readers  will  readily  admit  that  this  7s.  M.  volume  of 
Bohn's  Illustrated  Library  offers  to  ever.v  lover  of  dear 
old  Izaak  an  opportunity  of  secui-ing  a  handsome  copy  of 
this  quaint,  delightful,  and  world-renowned  book. 

Much  as  we  prize  Croker's  Boswell  in  one  volume,  a 
most  useful,  indeed,  indispensable  companion  to  the 
writing  table  of  all  literary  men,  we  are  well  pleased  to 
hear  that  a  new  edition  of  it,  in  four  volumes,  is  pre- 
paring for  publication  in  Murray's  Series  of  British 
Classics.  It  will  be  a  most  valuable  addition  to  this 
cheap  and  handsome  Series  ;  especially  as  the  editor  will 
of  course  take  advantage  of  all  that  has  been  lately  pro- 
duced upon  the  subject,  to  make  it,  not  a  mere  reprint, 
but  a  new  edition. 

We  cannot  resist  calling  the  attention  of  the  admirers 
of  the  poet  Cowper  to  the  fact,  that  no  less  than  foi-ty- 
four  of  his  letters  (twenty-one  of  which  are  unpublished) 
are  to  be  sold  by  Messrs.  Puttick  &  Simpson  in  the  Col- 
lection of  Autographs  belonging  to  the  late  Mr.  Lambe, 
announced  for  sale  by  them  next  week. 

Who  has  not  heard  of  the  celebrated  Athenian 
Stuart,  perhaps  better  known  to  the  last  than  to  the 
present  generation ;  but  still  revered  by  all  true  lovers  of 
the  Fine  Arts  for  the  splendid  work  bearing  his  honoured 
name  —  The  Antiquities  of  Athens.  The  notices  of  his 
death  in  1788  inform  us,  that  the  worthy  artist  and 
architect  survived  but  a  short  time  the  death  of  his  dar- 
ling boy,  the  "  very  image  and  superscription  "  of  himself 
botli  in  body  and  mind,  who  manifested  a  most  astonish- 
ing turn  for  drawing  even  before  he  was  three  years  of 
age,  and  would  imitate  with  pen  and  pencil  everything 
lying  on  his  father's  table.  Another  son  was  living  at 
the  lime  of  his  death,  "  a  fine  boj',"  then  at  Mr.  Burney's 
boarding-school  at  Hammersmith.  Many  an  octogena- 
rian will  be  glad  to  learn,  that  this  "fine  boy"  (now 
Lieut.  James  Stuart,  R.N.),  the  worthy  son  of  a  worth}' 
father,  might  have  been  seen  a  few  days  since  at  the 
Architectural  Library  in  High  Holborn,  where  he  was 
presented  by  Mr.  John  Weale,  in  a  most  handsome  man- 


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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


81 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  AUGUST  2, 1856.  ] 
MEANS    OF   BEADING   THE   LOGIC    OF   ABISTOTLE. 

Some  years  ago  it  would  have  been  difficult  to 
find  the  Greek  text  of  the  Organon  (as  the  mo- 
derns call  it)  in  a  separate  form.  Beginners,  who 
have  not  acquired  the  profligate  habits  of  book 
collectors,  would  never  think  of  buying  the  five 
volumes  of  Buhle  (Strasburg,  1791,  &c.,  8vo.),  or 
the  four  volumes  of  Bekker  (Berlin,  1831,  &c., 
4to.),  or  even  the  large  single  volume  of  Weise 
(Leipsic,  1843,  4to.),  for  the  Organon  only.  In 
our  day  the  best  plan  would  be  to  get  the  ^}~st 
volume  of  Didot's  Aristotle  (Paris,  1848,  large 
octavo),  which  is  sold  separately,  and  contains  the 
Organon,  the  Rhetoric,  the  Poetics,  and  the  Po- 
litics. The  Latin  runs  by  the  side  of  the  Greek, 
and  the  type  is  beautiful.  The  greatest  defect  is 
that  the  Rhetoric  begins  on  the  over  leaf — or  verso, 
as  the  learned  say  —  of  the  end  of  the  Organon  ; 
so  that  any  one  who  would  like  to  have  a  separate 
interleaved  copy  of  the  first,  must  spoil  the  se- 
cond. It  is  a  pity  that  publishers  do  not  think  of 
such  things.  But  it  must  be  owned  that  it  is  not 
uncommon  to  find  a  case  the  rhetoric  of  which 
would  never  have  a  beginning  if  its  logic  were 
but  allowed  to  go  on  to  its  proper  end. 

For  those  who  would  rather  not  read  the  Or- 
ganon in  Greek  or  Latin,  but  would  nevertheless 
like  to  get  a  taste  of  the  Greek,  whether  for  use 
or  show,  there  is  the  small  work  of  F.  A.  Trende- 
lenberg,  Elementa  Logices  Aristotelicce,  Berlin, 
1842,  8vo.,  2nd  edition.  This  work  contains  (Gr. 
Lat.  with  notes)  such  selected  passages  as  give  an 
outline  of  the  system,  and  especially  of  its  phrase- 
ology. These  passages,  translated  into  English, 
form  the  article  "  Organon  "  in  the  Supplement  of 
the  Penny  Cyclopadia. 

I  am  not  aware  of  any  Latin  Organon,  without 
Greek,  which  can  be  easily  got  at.  But  never 
having  met  with  any  Latin  translations  of  Greek 
philosophy  which  were  intelligible  without  the 
Greek  to  explain  them,  I  should  probably  not 
venture  to  recommend  such  a  thing,  if  I  had  found 
it. 

In  French  there  are  two  works  of  the  highest 
character  :  both  by  M.  Barthelemy  St.  Hilaire. 
The  first,  La  Logique  (TAristote,  Paris,  1838,  two 
vols.  8vo.,  containing  a  complete  account  and 
analysis  of  the  Organon,  with  all  the  Greek  terms 
added,  as  they  occur,  in  parentheses.  The  second, 
Logique  (TAristote,  a  complete  translation,  Paris, 
1844,  1839,  1842,  1843,  four  vols.  8vo.,  with  the 
plan  of  each  book  prefixed.  This  is  the  first 
French  translation. 

The  first  English  translation  of  .the  Organon 
was  made  by  Thomas  Taylor,  called  tlie  Platonist, 
a  very  remarkable  man,  of  whom  the  fullest  ac- 


count is  in  the  Penny  Cyclopcedia.  He  spent  his 
life  in  reviving  Greek  philosophy,  and  it  is  said 
that,  by  his  enthusiasm,  he  induced  patrons  who 
had  money  to  print  his  translations  to  the  amount 
of  ten  thousand  pounds.  The  Organon  was  trans- 
lated by  Taylor  for  a  wealthy  retired  tradesman, 
named  Meredith,  who  had  read  Plato  in  Taylor's 
translation,  and  desired  to  read  Aristotle.  Taylor 
undertook  the  task,  on  condition  that  Meredith 
should  print  it ;  but  the  number  of  copies  was  very 
small.  It  was  published  in  quarto,  in  1807,  with 
the  title.  The  Organon,  or  Logical  Treatises  of 
Aristotle  .  .  .  with  copious  Elucidations  from 
the  Commentaries  of  Ammonius  and  Simplicius.  I 
suppose  this  very  volume  afterwards  formed  part 
of  Taylor's  complete  translation  of  Aristotle,  pub- 
lished in  nine  volumes  quarto,  in  1812. 

Taylor's  curious  Platonism,  and  his  desire  to 
revive  even  the  very  mythology  of  the  Greeks,  in 
some  sense  or  other,  caused  him  to  be  regarded  as 
a  kind  of  madman  ;  and  this  opinion  has  been  pre- 
judicial to  a  fair  judgment  of  his  works.  His 
translations  are  difficult,  because  they  are  so  • 
Greek ;  but  they  have  a  merit  which  begins  to  be 
acknowledged.  Mr.  Owen,  presently  mentioned, 
calls  him  "  my  solitary  predecessor  in  this  labo- 
rious undertaking,  whose  strict  integrity  in  en- 
deavouring to  give  the  meaning  of  the  text  de- 
serves the  highest  commendation."  But  the  work 
is  so  very  scarce  that  it  is  needless  to  discuss  it  as 
a  means  by  which  any  one  who  chooses  may  know 
Aristotle.  I  suspect  that  what  a  distinguished 
living  writer  said  of  Cousin,  "  The  reader  must  be 
mindful  to  judge  of  Plato  by  M.  Cousin's  trans- 
lations of  the  dialogues,  and  not  by  M.  Cousin's 
prefaces  to  them,"  will  also  apply  to  Taylor. 
Still,  the  opinion  of  the  man  who  lived  and  moved 
and  had  his  being  in  Greek  philosophy  must 
always  be  worthy  of  attention. 

The  second,  and  as  yet  the  best,  English  trans- 
lation of  the  Organon  is  published  in  Bohn's 
Classical  Library :  The  Organon,  or  JjOgical  Trea- 
tises of  Aristotle,  London,  1853,  two  vols,  small 
8vo,,  translated  by  the  Rev.  O.  F.  Owen.  This 
translation  has  copious  notes,  and  is  a  very  great 
boon  to  the  student.  Not  that  it  is  easy  :  in  fact, 
a  translation  of  Aristotle,  to  be  easy,  must  be, 
not  Aristotle,  but  only  a  presentation  of  the  trans- 
lator's idea  of  Aristotle.  Taylor  and  Owen  do 
not  read  like  English,  nor  does  Barthelemy  St. 
Hilaire  read  like  French ;  there  is  a  certain 
Greekishness  about  them  all.  Had  it  been  other- 
wise, we  should  have  had  less  of  a  translation,  and 
more  of  a  paraphrase. 

A  small  portion  of  the  Organon,  the  "  Posterior 
Analytics,"  has  been  translated  by  E.  Poste,  A.M., 
of  Oriel  College,  under  the  name  of  the  Logic  of 
Science,  Oxford,  1850,  8vo.,  with  notes  and  an 
introductory  sketch  of  the  Organon.  This  is 
more  English,  and  therefore  more  intelligible,  than 


82 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  31.,  Aug.  2.  '56. 


the  other  translations  ;  but  it  is  therefore  more  of 
a  paraphrase,  and  less  of  a  translation. 

Perhaps  others  may  be  able  to  give  information 
of  some  things  of  the  same  kind  with  which  I  am 
unacquainted.  A.  De  Mobgan. 


ILLUSTRATIONS   OF   MACAXILAT. 

The  Country  Party  and  a  Standing  Army.  — 
Mr.  Macaulay,  vol.  ii.  p.  23.,  represents  the  coun- 
try party  as  strongly  opposing  the  demand  made 
in  the  Speech  from  the  Throne,  Nov.  9,  1685,  for 
a  supply  to  maintain  a  standing  army. 

"  He  tells  us  that  Sir  William  Twysden,  member 
for  the  county  of  Kent,  spoke  on  the  same  side 
with  great  keenness  and  loud  applause." 

This  Sir  William  was  son  and  heir  of  the  learned 
Sir  Roger,  and  was  himself  no  mean  scholar. 
Among  the  papers  from  Roydon  Hall,  now  in  my 
possession,  is  his  autograph  note  of  two  speeches 
which  he  made  on  this  occasion.  The  first  was  in 
the  debate  on  12th  November,  in  a  Committee  of 
the  whole  House  to  consider  the  Speech  from  the 
Throne,  as  follows : 

"  The  case  seems  to  mee  to  bee  of  great  weight ; 
wee  may  call  it  what  we  will,  it  is  the  settling  a 
standing  army  by  law,  and  charging  the  kingdome 
with  a  taxe  for  the  maintaining  it,  things  quite 
contrary  to  all  the  maximes  our  ancestors  have 
gone  by,  who  have  alwayes  endeavoured  the  sub- 
ject should  stand  in  awe  of  officers  of  justice,  but 
not  of  ofKcers  of  warr.  I  am  as  much  as  any  man 
for  tlie  king's  having  good  guards ;  I  think  it 
agreeable  to  the  majesty  of  a  king,  to  the  security 
of  his  person ;  but  I  think  the  kingdome  best 
guarded  by  lawe.  I  remember  in  the  one-and- 
twentyeth  of  Edward  the  Third  {Hot.  Par.,21  E.  3. 
n.  70.),  the  king  asked  advice  of  his  parliament, 
how  the  peace  of  his  kingdome  should  best  bee 
kept ;  they  did  not  advise  him  to  a  standing  army 
for  the  keeping  it ;  they  advised  him  to  send  com- 
missioners into  the  several  countyes  to  punish  the 
breakers  of  it.  Wee  are  now  in  a  perfaict  quiet 
peace ;  all  heads  of  partyes  and  of  factions  taken  of; 
there  seemes  now  to  bee  as  little  need  of  an  army 
as  can  bee  at  any  time  ;  and  truly,  when  it  is  not 
wanted,  I  think  the  kingdome  as  safe  without  it 
as  it  can  bee  by  it.  The  truth  is,  armyes  have  so 
often  done  more  hurt  to  governments  then  good, 
and  do  so  generally,  where  they  are,  take  a  most 
uncontrouleable  authority  in  the  managing  of  it, 
that  men  are  justly  afraid  of  them.  It  is  said  the 
case  of  the  late  Duke  of  Monmouth  seemes  to 
shew  the  necessity  of  a  standing  army ;  and  it  is 
pressed,  truely  with  great  force,  not  onely  by  the 
king  in  his  speech,  but  by  those  noble  lords  there 
at  the  barr.  To  my  apprehension,  the  argument 
will  hardly  beare  the  weight  is  layd  on  it.     Wee 


all  know  how  much  that  man  was  the  favourite  of 
a  faction  ;  that  hee  landed  in  a  part  of  England  of 
all  other  the  most  inclined  to  him.  Yet,  with  all 
this,  no  one  gentleman,  no  one  man  of  any  quality, 
joyned  themselves  to  him  ;  nay,  quite  contrary, 
did  their  duty  in  opposing  him  :  and  that  rabble 
that  he  had  gathered  together,  though  headed  by 
officers  that  himselfe  brought  with  him,  were  in 
plaine  fighting  beaten  by  eighteen  hundred  men. 
Sir,  if  the  consequence  of  this  bee  the  necessity  of 
a  standing  army,  it  is  a  strange  thing  wee  have 
lived  so  long  without  one  ;  for  most  certain  it  is, 
there  have  been  very  few  raignes  since  the  Con- 
quest, in  which  there  have  not  been  more  consider- 
able disturbances  than  this  can  amount  to.  I  will 
not  disturbe  you  long ;  that  therefore  which  I 
shall  humbly  move  is,  that  wee  may  first  consider 
whether  a  standing  army  bee  necessary,  before 
wee  do  of  a  supply  for  the  maintaining  it." 

"  This  was   spoken   by  mee   November  12, 
1685,  as  neer  as  I  can  remember  it." 

The  other  speech  was  in  a  Committee  of  Supply, 
16th  Nov.,  as  follows  : 

"  It  hath  generally  been  the  prudence  of  this 
house,  that  in  cases  that  are  new  and  are  of  great 
importance,  to  make  their  first  acts  temporary, 
and  of  probation  onely.  This  that  is  before  us,  is 
perfaictly  new.  An  establishment  for  the  main- 
taining a  standing  force  (I  do  not  say  a  standing 
army,  for  that  wee  have  all  declared  ourselves 
against)  is  what  our  ancestors  were  never  ac- 
quainted with.  Let  us,  therefore,  see  how  the 
subject  will  like  it ;  whether  it  will  sitt  easy  upon 
him,  before  wee  conclude  him  for  too  long  a  time. 
It  is  of  mighty  importance ;  wee  cannot  foresee 
the  consequences  of  it.  Let  us  not,  therefore, 
conclude  ourselves  neither,  so  as  to  leave  no 
roome  for  a  succeeding  parliament,  or  Sessions  of 
Parliament,  to  alter  or  amend  what  by  experience 
may  bee  found  necessary.  That,  therefore,  which 
I  shall  humbly  move  is,  that  wee  may  proportion 
our  gift,  so  as  that  the  establishment  may  not 
exceed  two  yeers,  which  foure  hundred  thousand 
pounds  will  fully  do." 

"  This  was   spoken   by  mee   November  16, 
1685,  as  near  as  I  can  recollect  it." 

The  substance  of  the  first  of  these  speeches  is 
given  correctly  (though  condensed  into  eight 
lines)  in  The  several  Delates  of  the  House  of 
Commons,  pro  et  contra,  relating  to  the  Establish- 
ment  of  a  Militia,  ^c,  Sfc;  begining  9th  No- 
vember, 1685,  and  ending  the  20th  day  of  the  same 
Month,  SfC.  S)-c.  SfC.     London.     8vo.     1689. 

In  the  debate  in  the  Committee  of  Supply,  Nov. 
16,  Sir  William's  speech  is  in  that  work  totally 
misrepresented.  L.  B.  L. 


2»d  S.  No  31.,  Aug.  2.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


83 


M.  DE   CALONNE,  "  HIS   ANGLO-FRENCH   VIEWS,    AND 
EULOGIUM    ON    THE    ENGLISH    NATION." 

The  following  article,  which  occurs  in  the 
Political  Magazine,  reports  an  interesting  extract 
from  M.  de  Calonne's  reply  to  M.  Necker,  the 
French  Minister  of  Finance.  As  the  prayer  of 
an  eminent  statesman  of  the  last  century,  it  will 
not  perhaps  be  denied  a  little  space  in  the  columns 
of'N.  &Q.": 

"  An  Address  to  the  English  and  Fiench  Nations, 
"  M.  de  Calonne,  after  saying  that  he  wishes  to  be  able 
to  preserve  in  future  an  eternal  silence,  and  that  he  shall 
wait  tranquilly,  and  with  resignation,  the  events  which 
fortune  has  in  store  for  him,  being  desirous  to  devote  his 
attention  to  science,  to  letters,  and  the  arts ;  and  after 
declaring  that  he  shall  never  cease  to  remember  the  con- 
fidence reposed  in  him  by  his  king,  or  lose  the  regrets 
which  naturally  belong  to  his  native  country,  concludes 
as  follows :  — 

"  Shall  it  be  a  crime,  in  the  mean  time,  to  enjoy  the 
consolation  I  feel  in  the  reception  of  a  nation,  which 
every  day  makes  me  experience  its  kindness,  and  more 
acquainted  with  its  virtues;  of  a  free  and  considerate 
nation,  where  their  thoughts  rise  above  conditions, 
where  disgrace  is  no  stain,  and  where  honourable  senti- 
ments have  more  credit  than  an  appearance  of  being  in 
favour.  I  am  seen  with  indulgence,  anticipated  with 
affability,  and  even  treated  with  more  distinction  than  I 
desire.  I  find  well-informed  men  of  every  description ; 
I  may  make  useful  observations  on  the  arts,  on  industry, 
and  on  commerce,  which  I  can  communicate  again 
without  violating  the  laws  of  hospitality :  I  can  even 
hope  for  true  friends.  Let  this  eulogium,  frank  as  the 
country  is  in  which  I  write,  occasion  neither  surprise  nor 
offence.  Having  never  dissimulated,  shall  I  now  stifle  a 
truth  connected  with  gratitude?  This  sentiment  exists, 
and  always  will  exist,  without  displacing  from  my  bosom 
those  which  my  birth,  my  duty,  and  the  indelible  love  of 
my  country,  have  engraved  there.  Wh}-  should  not 
these  feelings  sympathise?  Oh!  that  their  accord  may 
become  more  natural  by  the  most  desirable  of  unions  :  by 
the  accomplishment  of  that  wish,  which,  according  to 
some  historians,  was  formed  by  the  most  beloved  monarch ; 
that  wish,  which  humanity  dictates,  and  which  an  intel- 
ligent policy  seems  equally  to  suggest  to  two  nations,  the 
most  worthy  of  each  other's  regard,  and  the  least  in- 
terested to  injure  each  other.  Must  a  fatal  rivalship 
always  disunite,  and  too  often  arm  against  each  other, 
two  people,  whose  natural  position  offers  no  subject  of 
dispute ;  and  who,  owing  to  their  reciprocal  advantages, 
have  nothing  for  which  to  envy  each  other  ?  As  their 
division  is  the  support  of  the  hostilities  of  others,  their 
alliance  would  be  the  seal  of  universal  peace.  They  alone 
are  in  a  condition  to  furnish  the  expences  of  a  long  war ; 
and  when  discord  springs  up,  by  the  quarrels  of  the  other 
princes,  they  alone,  if  they  are  dupes  enough  to  take 
part,  sacrifice  commerce,  treasure,  and  prosperity.  O 
nations,  without  contradiction  the  most  enlightened  of 
all  upon  the  globe,  be  better  acquainted  with  your  true 
interests !  As  enemies,  you  can  only  mutually  exhaust 
your  strength,  and  vainly  drench  the  earth  with  your 
blood  ;  as  friends,  you  can  impose  on  the  earth  the  mild  con- 
dition of  general  tranquillity.  When  can  there  be  a  more 
favourable  conjuncture  for  forming  the  hope  of  seeing 
you  partaking  in,  or  rather  exercising  together,  this  truly 
divine  function,  than  when  each  has  the  happiness  to  be 
governed  by  a  moderate,  pacific,  and  virtuous  king  ?  " 

F.  Phillott. 


FOLK   LORE. 

Stag  Beetle.  —  The  late  Mr.  George  Samouelle, 
of  the  British  Museum,  used  to  relate  a  story  con- 
cerning the  above  insect,  of  which  I  should  like 
to  know  if  it  obtains  in  many  parts  of  England. 
During  one  of  his  excursions  to  or  in  the  New 
Forest,  he  saw  a  number  of  countrymen  assembled 
at  the  foot  of  a  tree  stoning  something  to  death. 
On  approaching  he  found  a  poor  stag-beetle  the 
subject  of  attack.  Causing  them  to  desist,  he 
picked  up  the  poor  thing  and  put  it  into  a  box, 
asking  at  the  same  time  why  it  was  to  be  stoned 
to  death.  He  was  told  it  was  the  devil's  imp, 
and  was  sent  to  do  some  evil  to  the  corn,  which 
I  have  forgotten.  Whether  Mr.  S.  was  considered 
the  identical  gentleman-in-black  or  not  it  is  im- 
possible to  say ;  but  I  know  he  used  to  laugh  at 
the  stupid  staring  wonder  of  the  countrymen,  and 
the  trouble  he  had  to  elicit  a  reply  to  his  own 
ignorance.  Avon  Lea. 

Railway  Custom.  —  While  passing  from  Ghent 
to  Antwerp,  in  1855,  through  the  Pays  de  Waes,  I 
observed  a  singular  custom,  of  which  I  could  not 
obtain  any  explanation.  When  the  railway  train 
was  in  motion,  the  labourers,  both  men  and  wo- 
men, engaged  in  the  fields,  joined  hands,  formed 
themselves  in  line  ;  and  either  turning  their  backs 
on  the  carriages,  or  at  right  angles  with  them, 
bent,  and  in  some  cases  knelt  down,  preserving 
this  attitude  until  the  train  had  passed.  It  is 
worth  noting,  that  only  such  as  were  engaged  on 
a  piece  of  ground  where  there  were  crops  growing 
acted  in  this  way ;  those  standing  on  the  road,  or 
on  ploughed  land,  taking  no  notice  of  the  train  at 
all,  nor  Indeed  did  any  do  so  save  while  it  was 
actually  moving.  I  have  never  seen  or  heard  of 
this  custom  elsewhere.  R.  F.  L. 

Dublin. 

Fairies.  —  While  on  the  subject  of  folk-lore  I 
may  mention  the  following  from  the  same  county 
(Hertfordshire).  Near  St.  Albans  (my  grand- 
father used  to  relate)  lived  a  farmer  who  was 
beloved  by  fairies.  It  mattered  not  how  bad  his 
crop  of  wheat  was  in  the  autumn,  he  always  had 
corn  in  his  barn  as  long  as  there  was  any  in  the 
district.  Of  this  his  neighbours  were  jealous;  in- 
deed, so  much  so,  that  some  of  them  inwardly 
believed  he  augmented  his  corn  while  they  were 
asleep  ;  but  though  they  often  set  a  watch  he  was 
never  caught  in  the  act.  One  night  his  dogs  were 
uneasy,  and  he,  arising,  saw  a  man  creeping  away 
from  the  homestead.  He  peeped  into  his  barn  to 
see  if  all  were  safe,  when  what  should  he  behold 
but  the  fairies  at  work  augmenting  his  stores. 
There  was  a  loud  buzz  in  the  place,  and  hearing  a 
little  fairy  say  to  another,  "  How  I  do  tweat !  " 
he  answered  "  Ye  must  sweat  most  darnably  with 
one  ear."    Immediately  the  whole  company  took 


84 


NOTES  AND  QITERIES. 


[2nds.  No3l.,AuG.  2. 


flight,  and  the  result  was  there  was  a  line  of  straws 
from  the  farmer's  barn  to  one  of  his  neighbour's, 
which  remained  till  the  morning,  when  the  neigh- 
bour brought  an  accusation  against  the  farmer  for 
theft.  The  evidence  of  the  man  who  was  lurking 
about  the  homestead  on  his  own  account  was 
brought  against  him ;  the  line  of  straws  was  cir- 
cumstantial evidence,  as  well  as  the  suspicion  of 
the  neighbourhood  ;  but  as  the  neighbour  had  had 
a  man  watching  in  his  own  barn,  who  had  not 
seen  the  farmer  enter,  he  was  acquitted.  The 
watchman  of  the  neighbour  had  been  sent  to  sleep 
by  the  fairies,  but  this  part  of  the  evidence  had 
been  withheld.  However,  from  that  day  forth 
the  young  farmer  was  thought  not  too  honest,  and 
the  neighbours'  suspicions  were  confirmed  by  his 
bam  ever  after  becoming  empty  at  its  proper 
period.  Avon  Lea. 


BUIil/   OP   ADRIAN    THE   FOURTH. 

Question  as  to  the  authenticity  of  the  Bull  of 
Adrian  IV.  (Pope),  conferring  the  dominion  of 
Ireland  on  Henry  II.  of  England,  from  the  Pro- 
pugnaculum  Catholic(B  Veritatis,  by  Anthony  Bru- 
odin,  Prague,  1669,  whose  family  were,  the  author 
states,  hereditary  chronologers  of  the  O'Briens  of 
Thomond.  F. 

"  Authores  varii  dicunt,  quod  Adrianus  4  natione  An- 
glus,  qui  sedem  Petri  conscenderat  Anno  circa  1154  domi- 
nium Regni  Hiberniae,  sedi  Apostolicse  a  Rege  Donato 
8  Brien  quondam  oblatum,  cesserat  Henrico  2'io  Anglorum 
Kegv 

"  Hos  sequUur  Baronius  Tom.  12.  Annalium,  ubi  di- 
ploma recitat  hujus  concessionis. 

"  Ego  (ut,  quod  sentio  dicam)  non  parum  de  veritate 
hujus  Historiae  dubito;  nam,  vivente  Adriano  Papa 
(qui  obiit  Anno  salutis  1159  nee  latum  pedem  in  Hiberiiia 
habuit  Henricus  2'!"%  aut  alius  ullus  extraneus,  prseter 
Ostmannos :  unde  manifeste  convicitur  errore  Sanderus  in 
Schismate  Anglicano,  fol.  196.,  qui  dicit,  quod  postquam 
Henricus  2'i"»  nonnulla  Insulas  loca  sui,  ac  suorum  (verba 
sunt  Sanderi)  hoc  est  Roberti  Pitz  Stephani  et  Kichardi 
Comitis  armis  acquisitae  tenebat,  Clerus  Hibernicus,  simul 
cum  multis  Proceribus  suppliciter  rogarunt,  Adrianum  4 
summum  Pontificem,  ut  ad  tollendas  seditiones,  Contro- 
versias,  et  multas  alias  inconvenientias,  totius  Hibernias 
dominium  Henrico  2  concedere  vellet,  &c.  &c. 

"  Quis  oro  non  videt,  quam  crasse  Sanderus  in  hac  nar- 
ratione  erret.  Adrianus  Papa  conscendit  Petri  Cathedram 
Anno  1154,  sed  itque  annis  tantum  4  et  mensibus  8  et 
consequenter  obiit  Anno  1159  Robertus  autem  Fitz  Ste- 
phan,  cum  Geraldino  in  Hiberniam  primb  venit  in  succur- 
sum  Dermitii  Logeniae  Principis  circa  Anno  salutis  1172, 
viginti  nimiruni  duobus  annis  postquam  Adrianus  fuit 
mortuus,  quomodo  ergo  posset  esse  verum,  quod  '  Clerus, 
et  populus  supplicarunt  Adriano  Pontifici,  ut  Kegi  Hen- 
rico, postquam  jam  nonnulla  loca  in  Insula  occupavit, 
dominium  Regi  concedere  vellet? '  Adde  motiva  conces- 
sionis Dominii  Hiberniaj,  in  diplomate  Adriani  (si  ipsius 
asset)  posita,  nimirum  hac:  ut  'lapsam  lidem  Catholicam 
restauraret,  virtutes  plantaret,  &c.  esse  falsa,  et  conse- 
quenter ipsum  diploma  esse  subrepticium  et  falsum:  nam 
fides  Catholica  in  Hibernia  floruit,  vivente  Adriano,  tam 
bene  ac  in  Anglia,  vel  Italia,  ut  patet  ex  uberrima  ilia 


sanctorum  in  Hibernia  per  tot  continua  saecula  serie,  ac 
cffinobiorum,  etiam  illo  ipso  tempore  quo  Angli  Regionem 
subjugarunt,  fundationibus :  quomodo  ergo  per  Anglos 
fides  esset  restauranda? 

"  Eodem  argumento  exploditur  Sto,  qui  inter  alia  fig* 
menta,  in  sua  Chronica  dicit  quod  Adrianus  Papa,  Henrico 
2<'o  annoprimo  sui  Regni,  hoc  est  Anno  1155,  dominium 
Regni  Hibernife  donavit.  Exploditur  inquam,  nam  Papa 
Adrianus  fatiscessit  antequam  Henricus  fuisset  Rex,  ut  ex 
utriaeque  vitse  Historia  coUigitur:  ergo  non  est  verum 
quod  Henrico  2'^'^  dominium  Hibernise  cesserat.  Deinde 
nullum  jus  habuit  unquam  Papa  in  Hiberniam  quod  non 
habuit  in  Angliam,  vel  Franciam  ;  quomodo  ergo  potuis- 
set  transferre  dominium  rei  non  suae  in  alium  ?  si  dicas 
quod  a  Rege  Donato  6  Brien,  jus  simul  cum  Regni  corona, 
Romanus  acceperat  Pontifex,  nihil  dicis  pro  te:  nam  non 
habuit  Donatus  jus  transferendi  dominium  Regni  in  Pa- 
pam :  et  hoc  inde  patet  quod  post  Donatum  regn3.runt 
pacifice  in  HiberniS,  4  Reges:  sub  quibus  duo  no^ilissima 
celebrata  sunt  Concilia  Nationalia,  et  tamen  illis  regnan- 
tibus,  nunquam  fuit  auditum,  quod  Papa  Romanus  esset 
Rex,  aut  Dominus  Hibernia :  quo  dubio  procul  ipsius  le- 
gati  et  maxime  Cardinalis  Joannes  Papironius,  non  sileret, 
si  de  tali  Domino  aliquid  scivisset. 

"Concludo  igitur  primo  Papam  Adrianum  nunquam 
fuisse  Dominum  Hiberniie,  magis  quam  Anglise,  et  con- 
sequenter nunquam  cessisse  dominium  Hiberniae  Regi 
Angliae.  Secundo  Henricum  2™»  non  fuisse  Regem  An- 
gliae,  aut  saltem  non  fuisse  possessionatum  in  Hibernia, 
vivente  Papa  Adriano  in  Papatu ;  et  consequenter  Hen- 
ricum Regem  nullum  accepisse  ab  Adriano  jus  in  Hiber- 
niam. Tertio,  Henricum  devictis  armis  Hibernis,  Anno 
1 172  Petri  sedem  regnante  Alexandro  3  extorto  consensu 
omnium  Regni  Procerum  obtinuisse  dominium  Hiberniae, 
et  sic,  successu  temporis,  Reges  Angliae  in  legitimes  eva- 
sisse  Hiberniae  Dominos :  sicut  defactb  legitimi  sunt  Reges 
(utinam  et  Catholici)  ac  Domini  Hiberniae.  Successores 
etiam  tot  nobilium  Familiarum,  qu£e  illo  regnante  in  Hi- 
berniam venerunt  veri  sunt  Hiberui  et  legitimi  possessores 
bonfe  fidei  dominiorum  quae  possident  defactb  (utinam 
paterna  possiderent  omnia  bona)  quamvis  antecessorea 
illorura  tunc  non  justo  magis  titulo  invaserunt  Regnura 
alienum,  quam  Milesiani  quondam  illud  rapuerunt  Dea- 
dedinis." 

Cap.  47.  lib.  5. 


PRETENBED   DAUPHINS. 

In  "N.  &  Q.,"  P'  S.  vi.  318.,  is  inaccurate  in- 
formation relative  to  the  man  Naundorff",  who 
styled  himself  Duke  of  Normandy,  and  the  dau- 
phin son  of  Louis  XVI.  I  knew  him  intimately 
during  several  years,  and  studied  thoroughly  the 
question  of  his  pretensions.  A  full  account  of  his 
life  and  death  is  contained  in  a  work  entitled  In,' 
trigues  Devoilees,  par  M.  Gruau  de  la  Barre, 
three  vols.,  Rotterdam,  1847-8.  I  have  a  copy 
quite  at  the  service  of  Mr.  W.  H.  Hart,  of 
Hatcham,  or  any  other  of  your  correspondents. 

Opposite  facts  will  be  found  in  M.  de  Beau- 
chesne's  Memoirs  of  the  Dauphin  Son  of  Louis 
X  VL,  published  in  Paris  three  or  four  years  ago, 
and  of  which  a  translation  lately  appeared  in 
London.  The  soi-disant  Baron  de  Richemont 
was  a  different  pretender  from  NaundorflP,  with 
whom  you  confound  him  in  the  reply  to  Mr. 
PIart  ;  as  is  also  the  monomaniac  Meeves,  re- 


2»'»  S.  No  31.,  Aug.  2.  '56.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


85 


ferred  to  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  1'*  S.  iv.  195.,  who  is  still 
living. 

The  most  noted  pretender  to  be  the  dauphin 
was  one  Hervagault,  who  died  in  prison  under  the 
Consulate.  Another,  Mathurin  Bruneau,  appeared 
shortly  after  the  restoration  of  the  Bourbons  in 
1815.  I  have  no  doubt  all  were  impostors,  who 
by  making  out  specious  cases  obtained  more  or 
less  credence,  and  dup^d  many  honourable  5,nd 
well-meaning  persons.  Perkin  Warbeck,  the 
false  Don  Sebastians  of  Portugal,  Martin  Guerre, 
and  others,  have  had  equal  celebrity  and  success 
at  various  times  in  history.  A  Bookworm. 


Miliar  ^attS, 

Handel  out  of  tune  !  Concordia  discors.  — 

"  This  celebrated  composer,  though  of  a  very  robust 
and  uncouth  appearance,  yet  had  such  a  remarlcable  irri- 
tability of  nerves,  that  he  could  not  bear  to  hear  the 
tuning  of  instruments,  and  therefore  this  was  always  done 
before  Handel  arrived.  A  musical  wag,  who  knew  how 
to  extract  some  mirth  from  his  irascibility  of  temper,  stole 
into  the  orchestra  on  a  night  when  the  late  Prince  of 
Wales  *  was  to  be  present  at  the  performance  of  a  new 
oratorio,  and  untuned  all  the  instruments,  some  half  a 
note,  others  a  whole  note  lower  thau  the  organ.  As  soon 
as  the  prince  arrived,  Handel  gave  the  signal  of  begin- 
•  ning  Con  Spirito;  but  such  was  the  horrible  discord,  that 
the  enraged  musician  started  up  from  his  seat,  and  having 
overturned  a  double-bass  which  stood  in  his  way,  he  seized 
a  kettle-drum,  which  he  threw  with  such  violence  at  the 
head  of  the  leader  of  the  band,  that  he  lost  his  full- 
bottomed  wig  by  the  effort.  Without  waiting  to  replace 
it,  he  advanced  fimrheaded  to  the  front  of  the  orchestra, 
breathing  vengeance,  but  so  much  choaked  with  passion, 
that  utterance  was  denied  him.  In  this  ridiculous  at- 
titude he  stood  staring  and  stamping  for  some  moments 
amidst  a  convulsion  of  laughter ;  nor  could  he  be  pre- 
vailed upon  to  resume  his  seat,  till  the  prince  went  per- 
sonally to  appease  his  wrath,  which  he  with  great  difficulty 
accomplished."  —  Political  Magazine,  1786. 

The  first  royal  personage  who  ever  succeeded 
in  composing  Handel.  F.  Philloxt. 

The  Journal  des  Debats^  M.  ViUemain,  and  M. 
Querard.  —  In  the  number  of  the  Journal  des 
Bebats  for  July  11,  there  is  a  review,  by  the  cele- 
brated Villemain,  of  Prince  Albert  de  Broglie's 
new  publication  L'Eglise  et  F Empire  Romain  au 
4"""'  Steele.  In  mentioning  some  English  authors 
who  have  written  on  the  truth  of  Christianity,  M. 
Villemain  has  fallen  into  an  error  in  ascribing  to 
Lord  Erskine  a  small  volume  on  the  Christian 
Evidences  by  Mr.  Thomas  Erskine,  an  advocate 
at  Edinburgh.  M.  Villemain  may  have  been  led 
into  this  mistake  by  the  bibliographer  Querard, 
who  in  his  otherwise  valuable  work,  which  is  a 
source  of  such  frequent  reference  —  La  France 
Litteraire  —  has  classed  all  the  French  transla- 

*  Frederic,  father  of  George  III. 


tions  of  Mr,  Thomas  Erskine's  works  under  the 
name  of  Lord  Erskine.  As  M.  Querard  is  con- 
stantly anxious  to  profit  by  every  hint  for  the 
improvement  of  his  most  useful  work,  he  probably 
will  not  fail  to  free  it  from  this  blunder  in  any 
subsequent  edition.  John  Macbay. 

Oxford. 

Viner's  *'  Abridgment"  —  The  following  extract 
will  probably  both  interest  and  amuse  your 
readers  of  the  legal  profession  :  it  is  from  — 

"  Bibliotheca  Legum  :  or  a  new  and  compleat  List  of 
all  the  Common  and  Statute  Law  Books  of  this  Kealm, 
and  some  others  relating  thereunto,  from  their  first  Pub- 
lication to  the  Year  1746 ;  giving  an  Account  of  their 
several  Editions,  Dates,  and  Prices,  and  wherein  they 
differ.  The  Sixth  Edition  with  Improvements.  Com- 
pil'd  by  John  Worrall.     Sm.  8vo.    London,  1746. 

"  Viner's  (Cha.)  General  Abridgment  of  Law  and 
Equity,  beginning  were  Mr.  D'Anver's  Abridgment  Ends, 
viz.  with  letter  F.,  title  Factor,  and  goes  to  the  End  of 
the  Alphabet.     10  Vols.  fo. 

"  As  an  Apology  why  I  have  not  fix'd  the  Price,  I  beg 
leave  to  acquaint  the  Reader  that  Mr.  Viner  prints  his 
Abridgment  at  bis  own  Expence,  at  his  dwelling  House 
at  Aldershott,  near  Earnham  in  Hampshire,  and  sells 
them  at  his  Chambers  in  the  Bang's  Bench  Walks,  allow- 
ing those  Booksellers  who  sell  his  Books  the  Advantage 
of  bringing  Customers  to  their  Shop  for  their  profit ;  and 
if  a  Bookseller  is  not  pleased  with  this,  he  is  thought  an 
Enemy  to  the  Work,  and  may  disoblige  either  his  Cus- 
tomer or  Mr.  Viner." 

James  Knowijes. 

Now  and  Then.  —  The  following  is  a  cutting 
from  a  late  number  of  the  Birmingham  Journal. 
It  (happily)  reads  in  striking  contrast  to  the  re- 
cent accounts  of  the  execution  of  a  poisoner : 

"  Execution  of  a  Poisoner  in  1765.  —  Ivelchester,  May  9, 
1765.  —  Yesterday,  Mary  Norwood,  for  poisoning  her 
husband,  Joseph  Norwood,  of  Uxbridge,  in  this  county 
(Somersetshire),  was  burnt  here  pursuant  to  her  sentence. 
She  was  brought  out  of  the  prison  about  three  o'clock  in 
the  afternoon,  barefoot.  She  was  covered  with  a  tarred 
cloth,  made  like  a  shift,  a  tarred  bonnet  on  her  head,  and 
her  legs,  feet,  and  arms  had  also  tar  ou  them.  The  heat 
of  the  weather  melting  the  tar  on  her  bonnet  it  ran  over 
her  face,  so  that  she  made  a  most  shocking  appearance. 
She  was  put  on  a  hurdle,  and  drawn  on  a  sledge  to  the 
place  of  execution,  which  was  very  near  the  gallows. 
After  spending  some  time  in  prayer  and  singing  a  hymn, 
the  executioner  placed  her  on  a  tar  barrel,  about  three 
feet  high.  A  rope,  which  ran  in  a  pulley  through  the 
stake,  was  fixed  about  her  neck,  she  herself  placing  it 
properly  with  her  hands.  The  rope  being  drawn  ex- 
tremely tight  with  the  pulley,  the  tar  barrel  was  pushed 
away,  and  three  irons  were  fastened  round  her  body  to 
confine  it  to  the  stake,  that  it  might  not  drop  when  the 
rope  should  be  burnt.  As  soon  as  this  was  done  the  fire 
was  kindled,  but  in  all  probability  she  was  quite  dead 
before  the  fire  reached  her,  as  the  executioner  pulled  the 
body  several  times  whilst  the  irons  were  being  fixed, 
which  took  about  five  minutes.  There  being  a  great 
quantity  of  tar,  and  the  wood  on  the  pile  being  quite  dry, 
the  fire  burnt  with  amazing  fury ;  notwithstanding  which 
great  part  of  her  could  be  plainly  discerned  for  near  half 
an  hour.  Nothing  could  be  more  affecting  than  to  be- 
hold, after  her  bowels  fell  out,  the  fire  flaming  between 
her  ribs,  and  issuing  out  at  her  mouth,  ears,  eyeholes,  &c 


86 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«"*  S.  No  81.,  Aug,  2.  '56. 


In  short,  it  was  so  terrible  a  sight  that  great  numbers 
turned  their  backs  and  screamed  out,  not  being  able  to 
look  at  the  horrible  scene. — Birmingham  Register,  1765." 
—  G. 

CUTHBERT  BeDE,  B.A. 

"  Dictionary  of  Gi'eek  and  Roman  Geography" 
edited  by  William  Smith,  LL.D.  —  As  this  work 
will  be  the  standard  book  of  reference  for  ancient 
geography,  and  it  is  to  be  expected  that  among 
such  a  mass  of  information  a  few  errors  will 
creep  in,  it  is  right  for  them  to  be  corrected 
■when  discovered.  In  the  third  section  of  the 
article  "Megara"  (vol.  ii.  p.  313.  col.  2.),  where 
the  topography  of  the  city  and  its  port  town  is 
described,  the  writer  says  (quoting  fromPausanias, 
Attica,  1.  41.  sect.  4.),  that  there  were  temples  of 
"  Isis,  Apollo  Agraeus,  and  Artemis  Agrotera  ; " 
clearly  showing,  both  from  the  punctuation  and 
construction  of  the  sentence,  that  there  were 
separate  temples  of  Apollo  Agraeus  and  Artemis 
Agrotera.  Now,  if  your  readers  will  turn  to  the 
passage  in  Pausanias,  they  will  find  that  the  ori- 
ginal Greek  is  — 

"  Ou  n-dppu  Se  toC 'YXAou  it-v-^ixaroi  'IcriSos  vabs  KaX  Trap  avrov 
' A.iT6X\u>v6i  e<7Ti  (cai  "AprefitSos." 

"  And  not  far  from  the  monument  of  Hyllus  is  a  temple 
of  Isis,  and  beyond  it  one  of  Apollo  and  Artemis." 

But  the  passage  that  more  distinctly  affirms  that 
there  was  but  one  temple,  occurs  at  the  end  of  the 
section : 

"  Aio.  ravra  'AAxafloui'  Tbi^  IleAoTroj  eni.x^ip-fi<TavTa.  t<3  Oripita 
KpaTrjirat  re,  koX  <os  e|3a<ri\€u(re,  to  lephv  noirj<Tai  tovto,  'Aypo- 
Tepav  'KpTifLiv  koX  ' KiroWiava.  'Aypalov  eTroi'O/ixao-ai'Ta." 

"  For  this  reason  Alcathus  the  son  of  Pelops  attacked 
the  wild  beast  and  overcame  it,  and  after  he  became  king 
founded  this  temple,  dedicating  it  to  Artemis  Agrotera 
and  Apollo  Agraeus." 

From  this  passage  there  can  be  no  doubt  that 
there  was  but  one  temple.  Tac. 

Receipt  for  Making  one  of  the  Fair  Sex,  —  The 
following  is  taken  from  a  MS.  of  the  time  of 
Charles  I. : 

"  Ingredients  of  a  Woman.  —  Joyn  to  a  slender  shape 
a  syren's  head,  the  two  eyes  of  a  basilisk,  the  dazzling  of 
the  sun,  and  the  moon's  inconstancy ;  add  to  this  odd 
compound  a  smooth  skin  and  a  fair  complexion,  and  you 
will  make  a  perfect  woman." 

Z.  z. 
Origin  of  the  Epithet  "  Turncoat"  — 

"  This  opprobrious  term  of  turncoat  took  its  rise  from 
one  of  the  first  dukes  of  Savoy,  whose  dominions  lying 
open  to  the  incursions  of  the  two  contending  houses  of 
Spain  and  France,  he  was  obliged  to  temporize  and  fall 
in  with  that  power  that  was  most  likely  to  distress  him, 
according  to  the  success  of  their  arms  against  one  another. 
So  being  frequently  obliged  to  change  sides,  he  humor- 
ously got  a  coat  made  that  was  blue  on  one  side,  and 
viMte  on  the  other,  and  might  be  indifferently  worn 
either  side  out.  While  on  the  Spanish  interest  he  wore 
the  blue  side  out,  and  the  white  side  was  the  badge  for  the 
French.  From  hence  he  was  called  Emmanuel  surnamed 
the  Turncoat,  by  way  of  distinguishing  him  from  other 


princes  of  the  same  name  of  that  house."  —  Scots  Maqa- 
zine  for  Oct.  1747,  p.  477—8. 

G.N. 


cauertejS. 


LITTLE    BURGUNDY. 

We  have  in  London,  Little  Britain,  Petty 
Frahce,  and  Petty  Wales,  to  which  I  can  now  add 
Little  Burgundy. 

It  was  situate  on  the  south  side  of  St.  Olave's, 
now  Tooley  Street,  opposite  to  the  Bridge  House, 
now  Cotton's  Wharf,  and  between  Glean  Alley 
and  Joiner  Street  (on  the  old  maps).  The  site  is 
now_  occupied  by  the  London  Bridge  Railway 
Station. 

In  the  Accounts  of  the  Churchwardens  of  the 
parish  of  St.  Olave,  Southwark,  a.d.  1582,  there 
is  "  a  list,  conteyning  the  names  of  those  godley 
disposed  parishyoners,  that  of  their  owne  free 
will,  were  contrybutors  to  the  erecting  of  the 
New  Chureyarde  upon  Horseydowne  "  (now  called 
"  The  Old  Churchyard ").  The  names  are  ar- 
ranged according  to  the  residences  of  the  sub- 
scribers, and  among  the  then  names  of  places  in 
the  parish,  I  find  "  The  Borgyney,"  in  the  locality 
I  have  mentioned. 

I  guessed  that  the  Borgyney  meant  the  Bur- 
gundy, and  I  have  recently  confirmed  that  con- 
jecture by  the  particulars  for  a  grant  by  King 
Henry  VIII.  to  Robert  Curson,  in  the  thirty- 
sixth  year  of  his  reign,  of  divers  tenements  (late 
belonging  to  the  Priory  of  St.  Mary  Overey) 
situate  in  — 

"  Petty  Burgen,  in  the  Parish  of  Saint  Olave,  in  the 
Borough  of  Southwark,  viz.  Two  Tenements  in  tenure  of 
Lambert  Deane,  for  a  term  of  years,  at  the  rent  of  Ixvj' 
viijd ;  a  tenement  in  the  tenure  of  William  Throw,  at  will 
of  the  lord,  rent  xxvj»  viij<' ;  a  tenement  in  tenure  of 
Thomas  Boland,  at  will  of  the  lord,  rent  xxvj»  viijd ;  a 
tenement  in  tenure  of  Dominick  Hermon,  at  will  of  the 
lord,  rent  xxiij'  iiij^;  a  tenement  in  tenure  of  Robert 
Bull,  at  will  of  the  lord,  rent  vj'  viij^ ;  and  seven  cot- 
tages in  tenure  of  John  Harward,  at  will  of  the  lord,  rent 
XXX'  viij*.  The  premises  were  very  ruynous  and  sore  in 
decay,  and  were  sold  to  Robert  Curson  for  100  marks." 

I  shall  be  very  glad  of  information  respecting 
this  place  and  its  name  of  Petty  Burgundy,  which 
must  be  attributed  to  an  earlier  period  than  that 
of  King  Henry  VIII.,  probably  to  the  reign  of 
King  Edward  IV.,  when  the  Burgundian  envoys 
may  have  had  their  residence  in  this  place. 

In  1435  the  Duke  of  Burgundy's  heralds  had 
been  treated  with  great  indignity  in  London,  and 
lodged  at  a  shoemaker's.     Query  where  ? 

G.  R.  C. 


HAD   QUEEN   ANNE   AN   IRISH   FOSTER-FATHER  ? 

In  a  voluminous  manuscript  pedigree   of  the 
Blennerhassetts  of  the  county  of  Kerry  in  Ireland, 


2"d  S.  No  31.,  Aug.  2.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


87 


compiled  by  a  member  of  the  family  between 
1720  and  1735,  I  find  mention  of  "  Edmond  Fitz- 
David  Barry,  of  Eabaniskey  in  the  county  of 
Corke,  foster-father  of  the  late  Queen  Anne." 
The  person  referred  to  represented  a  once  power- 
ful branch  of  the  Barry  family  in  the  county  of 
Cork,  possessed  of  several  strong  castles,  viz.  Ro- 
bertstown,  Rahaniskey,  Ballymore  in  the  Great 
Island,  Ballydolohery,  &c.,  all  of  which,  with  the 
fertile  lands  attached,  were  forfeited  to  the  crown 
in  consequence  of  his  adherence  to  King  James  II., 
and  were  sold  by  auction  to  .various  purchasers  at 
Chichester  House  in  the  year  1703  ;  reserving  a 
jointure  to  "  Susannah,"  wife  of  the  forfeiting 
person,  in  case  she  survived  him,  of  150Z.  per  an- 
num. His  eldest  brother  was  also  an  adherent 
of  the  Stuart  family,  being  described  in  King 
Charles  II.'s  letter  as  "  Lieutenant  Richard  Barry 
of  Robertstown,  who  served  in  the  regiment  of  our 
Deare  Brother  the  Duke  of  York  in  Flanders, 
where  he  acquitted  himself  with  much  reputation 
to  himself  and  country,  with  constant  loyalty  and 
faithfulness  to  us."  Edmond,  the  person  referred 
to  in  the  Blennerhassett  manuscript,  was  the  third 
brother,  but  succeeded  to  his  family  estates  on  the 
death  of  his  elder  brothers  Richard  and  David 
without  issue;  he  had  a  younger  brother  John. 
Although  the  public  records  contain  much  matter 
relating  to  the  history  of  this  family  for  many 
generations,  I  have  not  been  able  to  ascertain  who 
Susannah,  the  supposed  foster-mother  of  the 
queen,  was,  whether  English,  Irish,  or  a  foreigner. 
The  foregoing  shows  the  connection  with  the 
Stuarts,  and  although  the  allegations  of  the  queen's 
fosterage  is  only  supported  by  Mr.  Blennerhas- 
sett's  statement,  which  he  makes  apparently  as 
being  within  his  own  personal  knowledge  (which 
it  might  well  be,  as  he  was  an  old  man  at  the 
time  he  compiled  the  pedigree),  yet  it  deserves 
some  credence  from  the  known  respectability  of 
the  writer.  Perhaps  the  question  with  which  I 
have  headed  this  paper  may  be  an  inducement  to 
some  of  your  numerous  readers  to  search  for  the 
truth  of  a  circumstance  of  historical  interest  never 
alluded  to,  as  far  as  I  can  ascertain,  by  any  writer 
of  history.  C.  M.  B. 

Dublin. 


Winter  Assizes.  —  Can  any  of  your  correspon- 
dents oblige  me  by  giving  the  date  of  a  third  or 
winter  assize  being  first  appointed  in  England, 
and  whether  there  is  an  instance  of  the  same 
having  been  held  on  the  Western  Circuit  ?  Mr. 
James  is  a  clever  novelist,  and  his  plots  are  ably 
conceived  ;  but  I  consider  him  apt  to  commit  mis- 
takes in  carrying  out  details.  In  his  novel  of 
Delaware,  for  instance,  he  fixes  a  trial  to  take 


place  at  Christmas  in  "  the  small  neat  country 
(query  county  ?)  town  of"  — Dorchester  ;  for  such 
is  evidently  the  place  intended,  being  described 
as  near  the  western  coast  of  England,  and  the 
period  is  early  in  the  present  century,  being  prior 
to  the  death  of  the  Bow  Street  officer,  Ruthven, 
who  is  made  an  agent  in  the  story,  and  who  came, 
as  we  all  know,  to  an  unfortunate  end  in  the 
Cato  Street  Conspiracy.  N,  L.  T. 

Shahspeare  at  Paddington.  —  There  is  a  tradi- 
tion mentioned  in  Ollier's  romance  of  Ferrers, 
and  by  Mr.  Robins  in  his  Paddington,  Past  and 
Present,  p.  182.,  that  our  great  poet  visited  or 
played  at  the  old  Red  Lion  Inn,  in  the  Edgeware 
Road,  near  the  Harrow  Road,  taken  down  a  few 
years  since  for  the  present  one  to  be  erected. 
What  is  the  real  tradition,  and  its  history,  &c.  ? 
And  is  there  any  print  of  the  old  inn  in  existence  ? 

H.  G.  D. 

"  Alfred,  or  the  Magic  of  Nature"  —  Can  any 
of  your  readers  inform  me  who  is  the  author  of 
Alfred,  or  the  Magic  of  Nature,  a  tragedy,  pub- 
lished at  Edinburgh  in  1820  ?  R.  J. 

David  Lindsay.  —  Can  you  give  me  any  in- 
formation regarding  David  Lindsay,  who  was 
author  of  Dramas  of  the  Ancient  World,  published 
at  Edinburgh  about  1822  ?  I  think  one  or  two  of 
the  dramas  had  previously  appeared  in  Black- 
wood's Magazine.  R.  J. 

Lightning  Conductors  to  Ships.  —  When  were 
conductors  first  attached  to  the  masts  of  vessels 
to  prevent  them  from  being  struck  by  lightning  ? 

L.  C. 

Figure  of  the  Horse  in  Hieroglyphics.  —  What 
is  the  meaning  of  the  figure  of  the  horse  in  the 
Egyptian  hieroglyphics?  Amongst  the  number 
of  such  hieroglyphics  which  cover,  both  internally 
and  externally,  the  sarcophagus  of  the  queen  of 
Amasis  II.  in  the  British  Museum,  it  occurs  only 
once ;  or  perhaps  I  should  say,  on  examination 
I  could  only  find  it  once,  either  thereon  or  else- 
where engraven.  At  all  events,  its  rarity  causes 
it  to  be  the  subject  of  this  inquiry. 

R.  W.  Hackwood. 

Poem,  about  a  Mummy.  —  Can  any  correspon- 
dent direct  me  where  to  look  for  some  droll  lines 
which  I  remember  to  have  read,  in  which  a 
mummy  just  unrolled  gives  the  conceited  nine- 
teenth century  an  account  "how  much  better 
they  did  things  "  in  his  day  ?  A.  A.  D. 

A  Noble  Cook.  — 

«  'Tis  said,  that  by  (he  death  of  a  Scots  nobleman,  who 
died  lately  a  Roman  Catholick  priest,  the  title  descends 
to  a  man  cook  that  lived  with  a  general  officer  in  Eng- 
land, who,  in  regard  to  his  cook's  present  dignity,  could 
not  think  of  employing  him  any  longer  in  that  station, 
but  very  generoiisly raised  a  subscription  for  his  support; 


8S 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"d  S.  No  31.,  Aug.  2.  '56. 


and  that  on  the  affair  being  represented  to  his  majesty, 
he  had  ordered  him  a  pension  of  200Z.  per  annum."  — 
Annual  Register  for  1761,  p.  63. 

Who  is  the  "  Scots  nobleman"  above  referred 
to  P  C.  J.  Douglas. 

Olovensis,  Bishoprick  of .  —  In  the  list  of  suf- 
fragan bishops  contributed  by  Mb.  Mackenzie 
Walcott  ("N.  &  Q.,"  2""^  S.  ii.  1—3.)  occurs 
below  the  date  1491,  — 

"  Richard,  educated  at  Oxford,  Dominican  of  Warwick, 
died  in  1502,  buried  in  Blaclifriars,  Worcester.  Bishop  of 
[Olevensis?]  in  Mauritania  (Worcester)." 

I  have  reason  to  believe  this  bishop's  surname 
was  Wycherley.  I  once  found  in  a  patent  of 
Henry  VIII.,  which  cited  an  inquisition  referring 
to  transactions  apparently  of  the  year  1495  or 
1496,  casual  mention  of  "  Ricardus  Wycherley 
tunc  Episcopus  Eleneri."  Either  misreading  the 
title,  or  supposing  it  a  slight  clerical  error,  I  took 
him  at  the  time  to  be  Bishop  of  Ely ;  but  a  re- 
ference to  Beatson's  Political  Index  corrected  my 
mistake.  A  friend  of  mine  looked  up  the  inqui- 
sition, and  told  me  he  found  the  name  there 
written  "  Clonensis."  This  sent  me  to  Ireland, 
where  I  hesitated  between  Cloyne  and  Clonmac- 
noise,  but  could  not  find  a  resting-place  in 
either.  I  therefore  again  consulted  the  inquisi- 
tion, and  found  the  word  to  be  "  Olonensis  "  in 
that  document.  I  presume  that  "  Olevensis " 
was  the  proper  title.  Query,  what  is  the  name  of 
the  place  ?  James  Gaiednek. 

Johannes  F.  Crivellus. — I  should  be  very  much 
obliged,  if  you  could  inform  me,  whether  anything 
is  known  of  Johannes  Franciscus  Crivellus,  a 
painter,  about  1480,  of  considerable  merit  (some- 
thing in  the  style  of  Perugino),  corresponding,  in 
fact,  with  the  account  usually  given  of  Carlo 
Crivelli.  Was  Carlo  this  painter's  real  name,  or 
only,  as  is  sometimes  the  case,  a  nickname  ? 

J.  C.  J. 

Grain  Crops. — Can  any  of  your  readers  supply 
a  copy  of  the  pamphlet,  published  at  York,  up- 
wards of  fifty  years  ago,  by  John  Tuke,  a  land 
surveyor  in  extensive  practice,  and  steward  to 
several  estates  of  importance  in  that  locality.  Its 
short  title  was.  On  the  Advantages  of  cutting  Grain 
Crops  early ;  and  Mr.  Tuke's  theory  was,  that 
corn,  after  becoming  ripe  at  the  root,  would  ripen 
in  the  ear  to  greater  advantage  being  cut  than 
remaining  on  its  root.  This  practice  is  partially 
observed  among  farmers,  but  is  not  generally 
adopted.  One  great  benefit  was,  I  remember, 
that  in  case  of  rain  the  ear  would  be  less  liable 
to  sprout,  while  the  process  of  ripening  in  the 
evaporation  of  sap  in  the  blade  would  go  on 
to  better  advantage  both  to  the  straw  and  the 
berry.  A  notice  of  this  subject  might  have  its 
Utility  at  the  present  season.  F.  R.  Maxon. 


Walpole,  and  Whittington  and  his  Cat.  —  In 
Walpole's  "Letter  to  Cole,"  dated  Jan.  8,  1773, 
in  which  he  shows  himself  very  angry  with  The 
Society  of  Antiquaries,  clearly  for  tlieir  publica- 
tion, in  the  Archceologia,  of  Masters'  Reply  to  his 
Historic  Doubts,  he  says :  "  for  the  Antiquarian 
Society,  I  shall  leave  them  in  peace  with  Whit- 
tington and  his  Cat."  In  a  previous  Letter,  viz. 
July  28,  1772,  he  had  stated  : 

"  I  choose  to  be  at  liberty  to  say  what  I  think  of  the 
learned  Societj';  and,  therefore,  I  have  taken  leave  of 
them,  having  so  good  an  occasion  presented  as  their 
council  on  Whittingtorf  and  his  Cat,  and  the  ridicule 
that  Foote  has  thrown  on  them,"  &c. 

To  what  paper  or  discussion  on  Whittington 
and  his  Cat  does  Walpole  allude  ?         W.  W.  (2.) 

Special  Service  omitted  from  the  Prayer  Book 
of  the  Church  of  England.  —  When  was  the 
"  Service  for  the  Twenty-third  Day  of  October" 
omitted  from  the  (Irish)  Prayer  Book  ?  It  was 
appointed  by  Act  of  Parliament  in  the  14th  & 
15th  year  of  King  Charles  IL  (1662-63)  ;  and  was 
ordered  to  be  retained  by  King  George  I.,  by  a 
warrant  issued  at  St.  James's  Palace,  Nov.  3, 1715. 
In  the  list  of  special-service  days  for  the  month 
of  October,  in  Grierson's  folio  Prayer  Book, 
Dublin  (1750),  no  mention  is  made  of  Oct.  23. 
being  a  remarkable  day,  and  yet  this  service  is  to 
be  found  in  that  edition  of  the  Prayer-Book.  On 
the  accession  of  Her  Majesty  Queen  Victoria,  a 
royal  warrant  was  issued,  dated  June  21,  1837, 
in  which  no  mention  is  made  of  this  special  ser- 
vice ;  and  yet,  in  the  quarto  Prayer-Book  pub- 
lished by  Grierson  (state  printer),  Dublin  (1846), 
a  reference  is  made  in  the  month  of  October  to 
the  "Irish  Rebellion"  of  1641.  No  special  ser- 
vice appears  in  this  edition. 

The  rubric  prefixed  to  the  "  Service  for  the 
Fifth  of  November  "  orders  that  — 

"  After  Morning  Pra5'er,  or  Preaching,  upon  the  said 
Fifth  Day  of  November,  the  Minister  of  every  Parish 
shall  read  publicly,  distinctly,  and  plainly,  the  Act  of 
Parliament  made  in  the  third  year  of  King  James  the 
First,  for  the  observance  of  it." 

The  rubric  preceding  the  office  for  the  Twenty- 
ninth  day  of  May  orders  that  — 

"  The  Act  of  Parliament  made  in  the  Twelfth,  and  con- 
firmed in  the  Thirteenth  year  of  King  Charles  the  Second 
for  the  observation  of  the  29th  day  of  May,  yearly,  as  a 
day  of  public  thanksgiving  is  to  be  read  publicly  in  all 
Churches  at  Morning  Prayer,  immediately  after  the 
Nicene  Creed,  on  the  Lord's  Day  next  before  every  such 
29th  of  May." 

I  have  never  heard  these  Acts  of  Parliament 
read,  although  I  have  attended  services  on  those 
special  days  in  every  part  of  the  United  Kingdom. 

JUVERNA,  M.A. 

Samuel  Rolle,  Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
bridge, —  What  can  be  ascertained  of  the  history 


2°d  S.  N"  31.,  Aug.  2.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


89 


of  Samuel  Rolle,  or  Rolls,  D.D.,  formerly  Fellow 
of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  a  non-conformist 
divine,  who  wrote,  under  the  name  of  Philagathus, 
A  Sober  Answer  to  Bishop  Patrick's  Friendly 
Delate  ?  Among  other  writings  he  is  stated  to 
have  taken  part  with  some  others  in  composing  a 
book  entitled  Physical  Contemplations  on  Fire,  de- 
dicated to  Dr.  George  Bate,  in  1667.  What  is  this 
book,  and  who  were  the  other  authors  ? 

A.  Tailob,  M.A. 

Quotation  tvanted :  "  Love  and  Sorrow." — Where 
can   I  find  two   stanzas,  commencing  with   the 

lines  — 

"  Love  and  sorrow  twins  were  born, 
On  a  shining,  showery  morn  ?  " 

I  fancy  they  are  Blacklock's,  but  I  have  not  this 
author  at  hand.  K.  H.  D. 

7mA  Tithes.  —  Have  the  tithes  in  Ireland  been 
commuted  similar  to  those  in  England  ?  and  if  so, 
where  will  the  commutation  awards  be  found  ? 

SCBIPSIT. 

Siege  of  Lille,  a.d.  1708. — Where  can  I  find 
an  authentic  list  of  the  British  officers  in  this  siege, 
and  of  those  wounded  ;  or  can  any  of  your  readers 
refer  me  to  any  mention  of  the  Hon.  John  Spencer, 
or  the  Hon.  John  Buncombe,  assisting  at  that 
siege,  in  what  capacity,  and  whether  wounded  ? 

James  Knowles. 

Deans,  Canons,  and  Prelendaries  of  Cathedrals. 
— Will  some  kind  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  point  out 
where  the  names  of  the  various  stalls,  and  their 
emoluments,  are  to  be  found  ?  I  have  some  recol- 
lection of  a  parliamentary  return  stating  these 
facts,  but  cannot  trace  it  in  either  of  the  three 
Reports  of  the  Cathedral  Commissioners. 

SCEIPSIT. 

"  Adding  Sunshine  to  Daylight.'"  —  Whose  is 
the  phrase  "  Adding  sunshine  to  daylight,"  to  ex- 
press the  pleasures  as  distinguished  from  the 
necessaries  of  life  ?  X.  H. 

Rural  Deaneries.  —  Is  there  any  parliamentary 
or  other  authoritative  book  which  will  describe 
the  extent  and  jurisdiction  of  the  various  rural 
deaneries  ?  Scripsit. 

Device  of  a  Star  (qy.  Sun  ?)  above  a  Crescent  on 
Ecclesiastical  Seals.  —  All  seal  collectors  are  aware 
of  the  common  occurrence  of  this  device  on  early 
ecclesiastical  seals.  Does  it  typify  Christ  {the  sun), 
and  his  church  (the  moon')  dependent  on  him  for 
light.  It  would  be  well  to  obtain  a  list  of  all 
examples  ;  and  as  a  contribution  I  append  :  — 

The  ancient  seal  of  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of 
Waterford,  of  which  the  matrix  is  still  in  use. 

The  ancient  seal  of  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of 
Lichfield  (Proceedings  of  the  Suffolk  Institute  of 
Archaeology,  &c.,  vol.  ii.  p.  225). 


The  seal  of  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Ossory 
bears  the  crescent,  but  not  the  star  (sun  ?).  The 
ancient  matrix  is  still  in  use. 

N.  B.  The  same  device  is  well  known  as  oc- 
curring on  some  of  the  coins  of  King  John. 

James  Graves,  Clerk. 

Kilkenny. 

Water-Spouts. — Camoens  in  the  fifth  book  of 
the  Lusiad  has  a  graphic  description  of  the  forma- 
tion and  descent  of  a  water-spout  in  the  Indian 
Ocean,  which  he  closes  with  an  exclamation  of 
surprise  that  the  water  which  he  had  seen  drawn 
up  salt  from  the  ocean  should,  a  few  minutes  after, 
fall  fresh  from  the  cloud  which  attracted  it: 

"  But  say,  ye  sages,  who  can  weigh  the  cause 
And  trace  the  secret  springs  of  Nature's  laws, 
Say,  why  the  wave,  of  bitter  hritie  ere  while, 
Should  to  the  bosom  of  the  deep  recoil 
Robbed  of  its  salt,  and  from  the  cloud  distill. 
Sweet  as  the  waters  of  the  limpid  rill." 

Mtckle's  Transl. 

Will  any  of  your  correspondents  who  has  tested 
the  phenomenon  at  sea,  say  whether  this  be  cor- 
rectly stated  by  the  poet  ? 

J.  Emerson  Tennent. 

Hieroglyphic  Bible.  —  I  possess  a  small  octavo 
work,  the  title-page  of  which  is  as  follows  : 

"  A  curious  Hieroglyphick  Bible,  or  Select  Passages  in 
the  Old  and  New  Testaments,  represented  with  Emble- 
matical Figures,  for  the  Amusement  of  Youth  ;  designed 
cbieiiy  to  familiarize  tender  Age,  in  a  pleasing  and 
diverting  Manner,  with  early  Ideas  of  the  Holy  Scrip- 
tures. To  which  are  subjoined,  a  short  Account  of  the 
Lives  of  the  Evangelists,  and  other  Pieces,  illustrated 
with  Cuts.  The  Fourth  Edition;  with  Additions,  and 
other  great  Improvements.  Dublin:  printed  by  B. 
Dugdale,  N"  150,  Capel  Street,    mdcclxxxix." 

This  work  was  published  anonymously,  and  is 
not  mentioned  by  Home  in  his  editions  of  the 
Bible  enumerated  in  his  Introduction  to  the  Cri- 
tical Study  and  Knowledge  of  the  Holy  Scriptures. 
What  is  known  of  its  authorship  ?     Ein  Frager. 


Mrs.  Siddons.  — In  Tymm's  Family  Topo- 
grapher (vol.  iv.  p.  292.)  is  the  following  passage  : 

«  At  Lower  Swinford  a  thatched  cottage  is  shown  as 
the  birth-place  of  the  actress  Mrs.  Siddons,  who  is  said  to 
have  made  her  '  very  first '  debut  in  a  barn  at  Bell  Lane, 
at  the  coronation  of  George  III." 

This  barn  is  still  remaining ;  it  is  situate  at  the 
back  of  the  Bell  Inn,  in  the  town  of  Stourbridge, 
in  the  parish  of  Oldswinford,  and  county  of  Wor- 
cester ;  and,  I  believe,  portions  of  the  scenery 
used  on  this  and  other  occasions  are  still  in  exist- 
ence. I  must,  however,  confess  myself  ignorant 
of  the  whereabouts  of  the  thatched  cottage  men- 
tioned in  the  quotation,   and  rather  doubt  the 


90 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°'!  S.  N»  31.,  Aug.  2.  '56. 


trutU'  of  it.  Can  any  correspondent  tell  me  the 
real  place  of  her  birth  ?  C.  J.  Douglas. 

'  [Thomas  Campbell  has  furriished  the  following  account 
of  Mrs.  Siddons's  birth-place  in  his  interesting  Life  of 
that  lady  (vol.  i.  p,  27.):  — "Our  great  actress's  birth- 
place was  Brecon,  or  Brecknon,  in  South  Wales.  A  friend 
has  obligingly  written  to  me  as  follows,  respecting  the 
house  in'whic'h  Mrs.  Siddons  was  born :  — '  It  is  a  public- 
house  in  the  high  street  of  this  town,  which  still  retains 
its  appellation,  "The  Shoulder  of  Mutton,"  though  now 
entirely  altered  from  its  pristine  appearance.  I  send  you 
a  drawing  of  the  house  [this  is  a  wood  engraving],  not 
as  it  is  at  present,  but  as  I  perfectly  well  remember  seeing 
it  stand,  with  its  gable  front,  projecting  upper  floors,  and 
a  rich  well-fed  shoulder  of  mutton  painted  over  the  door, 
offering  an  irresistible  temptation  to  the  sharpened  appe- 
tites of  the  Welsh  farmers,  who  frequented  the  adjoining 
market-place;  especially  as  within  doors  the  same,  or 
some  similar  object  in  a  more  substantial  shape,  was 
always,  at  the  accustomed  hour,  seen  roasting  at  the 
kitchen  fire,  on  a  spit  turned  by  a  dog  in  a  wheel,  the 
invariable  mode  in  all  the  Breconian  kitchens.  In  addi- 
tion to  which  noontide  entertainment  for  country  guests, 
there  was  abundance  of  Welsh  ale  of  the  rarest  quality ; 
and,  as  the  "Shoulder  of  Mutton"  was  situated  in  the 
centre  of  Brecon,  it  was  much  resorted  to  by  the  neigh- 
bouring inhabitants  of  the  borough.  If  I  am  rightly  in- 
formed, old  Kemble  [Mrs.  Siddons's  father]  was  neither 
an  unwilling  nor  an  unwelcome  member  of  their  jolly 
associations.'  "] 

"  Book  of  KnowledgeJ'* — I  have  a  small  book  in 
three  parts,  of  which  the  title-page  is  wanting. 
The  pages  of  the  first  part  are  headed,  "  The  Book 
of  Knowledge  ;"  the  second  part  is  the  "  Husband- 
man's Practise,  or  Prognostication  for  ever;"  the 
third  part,  "  The  Shepherd's  Prognostication  for 
the  Weather."  The  book  is  black-letter,  and 
printed  for  W.  Thackeray  at  "The  Angel"  in 
Duck  Lane,  1691.  A  small  picture  "by  which 
this  book  may  be  distinguished  from  some  coun- 
terfeit '  copies,'  has  the  letters  '  1.  S.' "  The  con- 
tents, as  the  title  signifies,  are  most  miscellaneous, 
and  extend  from  a  notice  of  "  good  days  for  blood- 
letting," an  A.  B.  C.  to  know  what  planet  every 
man  is  born  under,  his  fortunes  and  time  of  death, 
to  "  '  Pithagoras'  Wheele,'  by  which  ye  may  know 
most  things  that  you  can  demand,"  and  much 
other  useful  information. 

What  is  the  title  of  the  book,  and  who  was  the 
author  ?  Charles  Wylib. 

[The  first  edition  of  this  work,  without  date,  was 
printed  by  Robert  Wj^er,  about  1 540.  It  is  entitled  "  The 
Boke  of  Knowledge  of  Thynges  Vnknowen  apperteynynge 
to  Astronomye,  with  certaj'ne  necessarye  Rules,  and  cer- 
tayne  Sphere  contaynyng  herein.  Compyled  by  God- 
fridus  super  Palladium  de  Agricultura  Anglicatum." 
Colophon,  "Imprynted  by  me  Robert  Wyer  in  S.  Mar- 
Ij'ns  Parysshe,  besyde  Charynge*'Cros8e."  Prefixed  is  a 
cut  of  an  astronomer,  half  length,  with  four  stars.  On 
the  back  of  the  title  a  cut  of  Ptholomeus  and  his  wife, 
and  under  it :  "  ^  This  is  vnknowen  to  many  men,  though 
they  be  knowen  to  some  men."  Another  edition  appeared 
in  1585,  "Imprinted  at  London,  in  Fleete-streete,  be- 
neath the  Conduite,  at  the  Signe  of  S.  John  Euangelist, 
by  M.  lackson,"    This  only  extends  (is  far  as  chap,  xv., 


"The  Change  of  Man  twelve  times,  according  to  the 
Months."  Another  edition  enlarged  appeared  in  1688, 
with  the  following  title:  "The  Knowledge  of  Things 
Unknown.  Shewing  the  Effects  of  the  Planets,  and 
other  Astronomical  Constellations.  With  the  strange 
Events  that  befal  Men,  Women,  and  Children  born  under 
them.  Compiled  by  Godfridus  super  Palladium  de  Agri- 
cuTtura  Anglicatum.  Together  with  the  Husband-Man's 
Practice:  or  Prognostication  forever:  asteacheth  Albert, 
Alkind,  Haly,  and  Ptolomy.  With  the  Shepherd's  Prog- 
nostication for  the  Weather,  and  Pythagoras  his  Wheel 
of  Fortune.  Printed  by  J.  M.  for  W.  Thackeray,  at  the 
Angel  in  Duck  Lane."  The  cuts  are  the  same  as  in 
Wyer's  edition.  Our  correspondent's  copy  of  1G91  seems 
to  be  a  reprint  of  that  of  1688.] 


MUSICAL   NOTATION. 

On  Music ;  and  suggestions  for  improvement  in  its  symbols, 
or  nomenclature  of  sounds :  to  the  end  that  there  may  he  a 
clearer  demonstration  of  the  ratios  of  sounds,  and,  by  con- 
sequence, a  more  extended  knowledge  of  the  fundus  of  this 
art,  that  is  the  poetry  or  measured  relation  of  its  forms. 

(^Continued from  p.  73.} 

Mr.  Frank  Howard,  in  his  Treatise  on  the  Art 
of  Making  a  Picture,  declares  "  there  is  no  work, 
elementary  or  scientific,  which  teaches  the  praxis 
of  pictorial  eflfect,  or  that  of  making  a  picture." 
As  with  painting,  so  it  is  with  music :  indeed, 
Dr.  Marx,  the  latest  writer  on  the  theory,  assures 
his  readers  there  exists  "  no  work  on  harmony  or 
thorough  base  that  can  possibly  fulfil  the  promises 
held  out  to  the  student  in  musical  composition." 
In  this  remark,  Dr.  Marx  may  include  his  own 
work.  There  is  at  present  no  written  law  for  the 
composition  of  music,  and  composers  have  care- 
fully eschewed  talking  or  writing  upon  the  sub- 
ject. Haydn,  who  taught  when  in  this  country, 
after  giving  a  certain  number  of  lessons,  was  in 
the  habit  of  dismissing  the  student  in  these 
words  : — "  I  have  taught  you  all  the  known  rules : 
there  are  others,  but  these  I  do  not  teach." 
Mozart,  when  applied  to  by  W^elgl,  a  well-known 
composer,  to  teach  his  mode  of  composing,  replied 
in  the  brief  and  decided  sentence :  "  No  :  find 
out,  as  I  had  to  find  out."  On  a  recent  occasion, 
when  visiting  a  musical  friend,  he  produced  rather 
a  long  and  ambitious  composition,  which,  after 
listening  to,  I  remarked :  "  The  first  eight  bars 
are  right,  and  the  remainder  all  wrong."  After 
some  pause,  he  said  :  "  What  makes  you  say  the 
first  eight  bars  are  right,  and  the  others  wrong  ? 
for  I  am  certain  there  Is  not  an  error  according 
to  Cherubinl."  "  That  may  be,"  was  my  reply, 
"  but  no  man  can  write  music  from  studying 
Cherubinl."  After  some  time,  he  confessed  the 
first  eight  bars  were  borrowed  from  Beethoven ; 
but  he  had  so  mystified  the  passage  as  to  escape 
recognition  of  the  plagiary.  I  am  certain  no  one 
will  ever  write  music  by  the  aid  of  any  work  now 


2'««  S.  No  31.,  Aug.  ?.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


91 


before  the  public.  The  great  theorists  of  the 
present  day  are  too  wise  to  publish,  and  most  of 
them  bind  their  pupils  not  to  divulge  their  teach- 
ing until  after  their  deaths. 

I  have  made  the  remark,  that  the  pupil  is 
taught  notes,  not  sounds.  He  is  afterwards  taught 
scales  or  gamuts.  The  modern  scales  are  the 
standard,  the  natural,  the  transposed,  the  major, 
the  minor,  the  pathetic,  the  augmented,  the  chro- 
matic, and  the  enharmonic.  Should  he  desire  to 
go  back  some  centuries,  he  must  learn  the  dorian, 
hypodorian,  phrygian,  hypophrygian,  lydian,  hypo- 
lydian,  mixolydian,  hypomixolydian  ;  and  if  the 
origin  of  these,  he  must  study  the  tetrachords, 
the  tetrachordon-hypaton,  meson,  dies-eugmenon, 
hyperboleon,  proslambanomenos,  hypate-hypaton, 
par-hypate-hypaton ;  together  with  the  paranese, 
and  all  other  parts  and  portions  of  the  Greek 
scales.  "  The  semitone  makes  music"  was  the 
adage  of  the  old  composers ;  and  all  this  barbaric 
jargon  has  been  retained  to  mark  the  place  of  the 
semitone  in  the  scale.  The  knowledge  of  the 
varieties  and  relations  of  the  scale  has  had  a  slow, 
but  certain  progress.  The  three  principles  which 
govern  musical  composition,  that  is  to  say : 

1.  Sounds,  which  are  the  matter  or  subject, 

2.  Rhythms,  which  make  figure  or  movement, 

3.  Heart  (or  spirit),  which  gives  life,  feeling, 
and  individuality, 

are  seen  as  strongly  in  the  earliest  music  as  in  the 
music  of  the  present  day.  From  these  principles, 
we  have  gained  the  music  called  the  Gregorian,  the 
Glarean,  the  Alia  Cappella,  the  Italian,  Neapolitan, 
French,  German,  Anglican,  and  all  other  national 
schools.  These  schools  represent  certain  states  of 
knowledge  with  respect  to  the  analogies  of  sounds, 
certain  motions  or  figures  governed  by  the  then 
prevailing  state  of  language  and  the  national 
dance,  and  certain  states  of  emotion  or  feeling 
belonging  to  the  master-spirits  who  were  enabled 
to  leave  such  records  in  their  compositions.  Every 
student  in  music  should  know  every  scale  in 
music  that  has  existed,  and  that  does  exist ;  but 
in  place  of  all  this  monstrous  confusion  of  terms, 
why  not  describe  the  semitone  and  its  situation  in 
plain  and  unmistakeable  language  ? 

We  read  of  intervals  as  if  they  were  sounds ; 
whereas  the  interval  is  the  distance  or  ratio  be- 
tween one  sound  and  another.  Again,  chords  are 
called  harmonies  ;  whereas  harmonia  is  the  pro- 
portion between  one  chord  and  another  chord. 
A  chord  is  not  an  analogy  until  it  is  placed  by 
the  side  of  some  other  chord. 

The  student  is  taught  the  theory  of  dischords. 
How  few  are  there  who  know  what  takes  place  in 
nature,  when  the  so-called  resolution  of  the 
seventh  is  made !  In  olden  language,  it  is  the 
dislocation  of  the  lychanos-meson  (or  meson-dia- 
touos)  when  conjoined  with  the  proslambanomenos. 


In  these  days  it  is  the  art  of  resolving  the  seventh. 
Is  not  the  one  term  quite  as  absurd  as  the  other  ? 
How  much  could  be  gained  if  students  were 
taught,  that  having  arrived  at  the  two  extremes 
of  the  mean  (G.  C,  F.),  it  is  necessary  to  return 
to  the  centre  proportion,  or  to  its  equivalent? 
The  whole  mystery  of  free  sevenths,  fettered 
sevenths,  and  every  other  sort  of  seventh,  then 
becomes  intelligible,  and  when  the  equivalents  of 
the  centre  are  known,  every  possible  remove  is 
laid  bare  and  at  instant  command. 

H.  J.  Gauntlett. 
8.  Powys  Place,  Queen  Square. 

{To  he  continued.') 


SUFFBAGAN   BISUOPS. 

(2°o  S.  ii.  1.) 

I  have  extracted  from  The  Wiltshire  Institutions, 
privately  printed  by  Sir  Thomas  Phillipps  in  1 825, 
a  list  of  preferments  enjoyed  in  that  county  by 
suffragan  bishops,  as  follows  : 

" '  Robertus,  Iinelacensis  Epus,'  was  instituted  to  the 
vicarage  of  Littleton  Drew  in  a.d.  1441. 

"'Jacobus,  Dei  gratia  Akardensis  Episcopus,'  was  in- 
stituted to  the  Rectory  of  Stockton  in  1447 ;  William  My- 
chell  was  instituted  to  the  same  benefice  in  1454. 

"  '  Simon,  Connerensis  Episcopus,'  was  instituted  to  the 
Rectory  of  Paulsholt  in  1459.  '  Simon  Conneren  '  ex- 
changed Pawlesholt  with  Roger  Newton,  for  the  Vicarage 
of  Aldeborne  in  1462. 

" '  Johannes,  Tinensis  Epus,'  was  instituted  to  the  Rec- 
tory of  St.  John's,  Devizes,  in  1479  '  per  resig'  Johannis, 
Episcopi  RofFen'.'  St.  John's  was  vacated  in  1480  'per. 
mort'  Yen'  Patris  Johannis,  Tinensis  Episcopi,'  who  was 
succeeded  by  Henry  Boost,  Provost  of  Eton  College. 

"  '  Augustinus  Church,  Liden'  Epus,'  was  instituted  to 
the  Rectory  of  Boscombe  in  1498.  Boscombe  was  vacated 
in  1499  '  per  resig'  Augustini,  Lidensis  EpL' 

" '  John<'%  Mayonensis  Epus,'  was  instituted  to  the  Vi- 
carage of  Coseham  in  1504. 

" '  Ecc'  Ebbysborn  et  Succentoria.'  Francis  May  was 
instituted  in  1509  to  these  preferments  '  per  dim'  Gul""* 
Barton,  facti  Epi  Salon'.' 

"  '  Johannes,  Syenensis  Epus,'  was  instituted  to  the 
Vicarage  of  Inglesham  in  1518.  'Johannes  Pynnock, 
Syenensis  Episcopus '  resigned  Inglesham  in  1520.  He 
seems  to  have  resigned  the  same  benefice  again,  in  the 
year  1524,  and  to  the  same  person.  The  first  resignation 
may  not  have  been  completed. 

"  The  Rectory  of  Colern  was  vacated  in  1526  '  per  mort' 
Johannis,  Calipolens'  Episcopi.' 

"  Thomas  Morley  was  instituted  to  the  Rectory  of 
Blounesdon,  B.  S.  Andrese,  in  1487,  and  John  Abendon 
was  instituted  to  the  same  benefice  in  1489. 

"'Thomas  Morley,  sedis  Merlebergen'  Episcopus  suf- 
fraganeus,'  was  instituted  to  the  Vicarage  of  Bradford, 
CO.  Wilts,  and  to  the  Rectory  of  Fittleton  in  1540,  both 
void  'per  attincturam  VVillielmi  Byrde,  de  alta  prodi- 
tione ; '  which  William  '  Brydde  '  had  been  presented  to 
Bradford  in  1491  by  the  Abbess  of  Shaston,  and  to  Fittle- 
ton in  1511  by  Sir  Edward  Darel.  Fittleton  was  vacated 
'  per  mortem  Thomas  Morley '  in  1564." 

The  last  bishop  in  Mb.  Walcott's  list  should 


92 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'"i  S.  No  31.,  Aug.  2,  '56. 


have  been  printed  "  Reginald  Courtenay."  He  is, 
I  believe,  second  son  of  the  late  Rt.  Hon.  Thomas 
Peregrine  Courtenay,  next  brother  to  the  present 
Earl  of  Devon.  Patonce. 


JACOB    BEHMEN. 

(2"'i  S.  i.  513.) 

Anon's  note,  with  the  word  originals  in  Italics, 
seems  to  imply  that  he  charges  Newton,  Hahne- 
mann, and  others,  with  being  indebted  to  Jacob 
Sehmen,  without  having  had  the  candour  to  ac- 
knowledge the  fact;  a  very  serious  charge,  which 
induces  me  to  mention,  as  an  experience  of  my 
own,  that  a  theosopher  will  make  such  a  charge 
without  knowing  iicry  much  of  the  man  impugned. 
Some  years  ago,  when  beginning  to  study  Beh- 
men,  I  was  told  by  an  ardent  theosopher  (I 
rather  think  Anon,  himself)  that  Emanuel  Swe* 
denborg  had  been  indebted  to  Behmen.  I  had  read 
much  of  Swedenborg,  and  besides  the  internal 
evidence  to  the  contrary,  I  knew  that  Sweden- 
borg, in  one  of  his  letters,  had  expressly  said  (the 
question  having  been  asked)  that  he  had  not  read 
Jacob  Behmen,  for  which  he  also  gave  a  reason. 
I  naturally  inquired  of  this  gentleman,  "  What  do 
you  know  of  Swedenborg  ?  "  when  he  produced  a 
small  volume  called  The  Beauties  of  Swedenborg, 
a  most  unhappy  piece  of  garbling.  This  was  all 
he  knew  of  the  author  of  several  works,  in  which, 
as  with  Behmen  also,  the  internal  state  of  the  author 
is  given  by  himself 

It  struck  me  that  this  indisposition,  in  a  theoso- 
pher, to  believe  that  another  man,  as  well  as  his 
special  Master,  might  be  original,  in  the  proper 
sense  of  the  word,  was  highly  tmphilosophical,  to 
say  nothing  of  the  impropriety  of  lightly  attributing 
mean  conduct  to  eminent  men. 

It  would  be  easy  to  show  that  the  very  extraor- 
dinary and  profound  writings  of  Jacob  Behmen 
would  afford  no  countenance  to  this  particular 
shortcoming  in  his  pupil.  Alfbed  RorrE. 

Somers  Town. 


THE   ARMS   or  GLASGOW. 


(2°<>  S.  ii.  13,' 14.) 

In  the  various  remarks  of  correspondents  on  the 
arras  of  Glasgow,  they  appear  to  have  omitted  the 
motto  surrounding  them,  which  also  betokens  an 
early  ecclesiastical  origin.  So  far  as  I  am  aware 
there  is  no  very  ancient  copy  of  it :  the  most  au- 
thoritative which  I  have  seen  is  that  used  by 
Robert  Sanders,  printer  to  the  city  and  uni- 
versity, anno  1675,  reading  "Lord,  let  Glasgow 
Flourish  through  the  Preaching  of  thy  Word.""  At 
what  period  it  was  clipped  down  to  its  present 
unmeaning  dimensions,  "  Let  Glasgow  Flourish," 


seems  uncertain.  In  the  "  Dedication "  of  the 
work  of  John  M'^Ure  in  1736  (Glasgow's  first  his- 
torian) to  the  magistrates,  "  wishing  them  all  hap- 
piness and  prosperity,  and  according  to  your  own 
motto,  may  ever  flourish  through  the  j>reaching  of 
God's  ivord,"  it  had  likely  then  been  considerably 
tampered  with,  or  only  employed  at  full  length  on 
state  occasions.  The  piety  of  the  sentiment,  and 
its  continued  appropriateness  to  Glasgow  as  a 
city,  ought  to  form  a  reason  for  the  civic  autho- 
rities restoring  it  to  its  original. 

Dr.  Cleland,  in  the  Annals  of  Glasgoiv,  1816, 
vol.  i.  p.  42.,  says  : 

"  The  armorial  bearing  of  the  city  is  on  a  field  parti,  p. 
fess  nrgent  and  gules,  an  oak  tree  surmounted  with  a  bird 
in  chief,  a  salmon  with  a  gold  stoned  ring  in  its  mouth  in 
base,  and  on  a  branch  on  the  sinister  side  a  bell  langued 
or,  all  proper.  .  .  .  Prior  to  the  Reformation  St. 
Mungo,  or  Kentigem,  mitred,  appeared  on  the  dexter  side 
of  the  shield,  which  had  two  salmons  for  supporters." 

Respecting  obscure  matters  of  this  kind  there 
will  of  course  be  always  much  to  exercise  the 
fancy,  and  hence  many  theories  to  explain  the 
various  insignia  of  the  arms  have  from  time  to 
time  been  published,  leaving  us  in  the  same  state 
of  conjecture.  Dr.  Main,  an  eminent  professor  of 
physic  in  the  University  of  Glasgow,  who  died  in 
1646,  had  his  Latin  verses,  "  Salmo  maris,"  &c., 
Englished  in  rather  a  homely  strain  by  J.  B.  in 
1685,  as  follows  : 

"  The  salmon  which  is  a  fish  of  the  sea, 
The  oak  which  springs  from  earth  that  loftie  tree, 
The  bird  on  it  which  in  the  air  doth  flee, 
O  Glasgow  does  presage  all  things  to  thee 
To  which  the  sea,  or  air,  or  fertile  earth. 
Do  either  give  their  nourishment  or  birth ; 
The  bell  that  doth  to  public  worship  call 
Saves  heaven  will  give  most  lasting  things  of  all ; 
The  ring  the  token  of  the  marriage  is, 
Of  things  in  heaven  and  earth  both  thee  to  bless." 

Similar  are  extant,  from  the  learned  professor 
downwards  to  those  of  the  schoolboy  who  usually 
had  at  his  finger  ends  a  rhyme  now  nearly  obso- 
lete, and  who  cut  the  knot  he  could  not  untie  : 

"  This  is  the  tree  that  never  grew, 
This  is  the  bird  that  never  flew, 
This  is  the  bell  that  never  rang. 
This  is  the  fish  that  never  swam, 
This  is  the  drunken  salmon." 

Without  pretending  to  be  as  skilly  as  those  who 
have  tried  their  hand  at  interpretation,  it  has  often 
occurred  to  me  that  the  different  religious  em- 
blems,.as  in  the  bird,  may  have  been  intended  to 
figure  the  dove,  or  Holy  Spirit ;  or  perhaps  in  re- 
ference to  the  meeting  at  Glasgow  of  St.  Mungo 
with  St.  Columba  the  "  Dove  "  —  the  ring  as  re- 
presenting the  sacrament  of  marriage  and  the 
episcopal  see  —  and  the  hell,  baptized  and  blessed, 
to  which  the  greatest  sanctity  was  attached,  as 
typical  of  the  cathedral.  There  was  the  fine  local 
situation  of  Glasgow,  adorned  by  a  magnificent 


2°^  S.  No  31.,  Aug.  2.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


93 


river,  abounding  with  fisheries,  on  whose  banks 
grew  the  spreading  oaks  and  fertile  orchards,  all 
of  which  objects,  ecclesiastical  and  civil,  came  so 
far  to  be  interwoven  in  her  arms,  denoting  the 
importance  of  her  status  among  the  nations. 

An  excellent  Gaelic  scholar,  now  deceased,  in- 
formed me  that  the  name  Kentigern  should  be 
rendered  Ceantigh  — Tighearna,  the  head,  or  go- 
vernor, or  father,  or  chief,  or  ruler  of  the  Lord's 
House ;  Columba,  or  Colum-cille,  Colum  of  the 
Cells,  from  his  having  founded  so  many  churches 
and  monasteries ;  Glasgow,  Olas  agus  Dhu,  grey 
and  black  —  Glas's  Dhu,  grey  and  black  —  Baile 
Glass  Dhu,  the  town  of  grey  and  black  (monks). 
The  most  of  her  historians  respectively  consider 
the  appellation  as  signifying  a  grey  smith,  from  a 
supposed  well-qualified  craftsman  in  iron  having 
taken  up  his  abode  in  the  place ;  as  a  dark  glen 
in  allusion  to  a  deep  mass  of  trees  where  the  cell 
of  St.  Kentigern  stood ;  and  among  the  latest  as 
derived  from  glas  (Brit,),  meaning  "  green,"  and 
coed,  wood ;  thus  glas-coed,  the  green  wood, 
thought  to  be  corroborated  from  the  unquestion- 
able early  existence  of  a  forest,  subsequently  de- 
nominated the  "  bishop's."  A  brook  in  a  deep 
ravine  at  the  east  end  of  the  cathedral,  known  as 
the  Mulendinar  Burn,  still  continues  to  flow,  which 
Ir  the  days  of  St.  Mungo  was  no  doubt  covered 
with  woods,  and  which  it  is  not  improbable  led 
him  to  select  the  spot  for  a  cathedral  to  plant  the 
Christian  faith  on  the  ruins  of  some  Druidical 
groves.  GrijS'. 


KEPRIEVE    FOB   NINETY-NINE   YEAKS. 

(2"'i  S.  I.  465.  523.) 

Your  correspondent  A.  was  misinformed  as  to 
the  officer  alluded  to  having  received  the  grace  of 
a  suspension  of  his  sentence  of  death  "  for  ninety- 
nine  years."  The  facts  of  the  case  were  as  fol- 
lows: —  Several  dep6ts  of  regiments  serving  on 
the  West  Indian  and  North  American  stations 
were  quartered  together  In  the  spacious  barracks 
at  Winchester  in  1813.  Amongst  the  officers 
thus  thrown  into  each  others'  society  were  Lieut. 
Blundell,  Lieut.  Anthony  Dillon,  and  En- 
sign Daniel  O'Brien,  all  of  the  late  101st,  or  Duke 
of  York's  Irish  Regiment  (a  corps  of  duellists)  ; 
and  Ensigns  Edward  Maguire  and  James  Peddle 
Gilchrist,  both  of  the  late  6th  West  India  Regi- 
ment. Between  Lieut.  Blundell  and  Ensign 
Maguire  a  trivial  difference  arose,  which  was 
fomented  into  a  quarrel  by  Lieut.  Dillon  and  En- 
signs Gilchrist  and  O'Brien  ;  until  a  fatal  duel 
was  fought  July  9,  1813,  in  which  Lieut.  Blundell 
lost  his  life.  Lieut.  Dillon,  Ensigns  Gilchrist, 
Maguire,  and  O'Brien  were  tried  by  civil  law  at 
Winchester,  were  found  guilty  of  murder,  and 
were  sentenced  to  death,  whereupon  a  royal  par- 


don was  granted  to  them  by  the  Prince  Regent ; 
mark,  not  a  respite,  or  even  a  reprieve  substi- 
tuting "  transportation"  for  "  death"  as  a  punish- 
ment, biit  a  free  and  unconditional  pardon.  The 
four  officers  were  removed  from  the  service  on 
Sept.  8,  1813,  without  the  formality  of  a  court 
martial.  Mr.  Gilchrist  was  only  two  months  an 
ensign  at  the  time  of  this  unfortunate  duel,  and 
there  may  have  been  extenuating  circumstances 
in  his  case :  for  he  was  appointed  ensign,  67th 
Regiment,  without  purchase.  In  November  1 820 ; 
was  transferred  to  a  veteran  battalion  In  February 
1821,  and  thence,  in  June  following,  to  60th  regi- 
ment; from  which  he  was  placed  on  half-pay  in 
August,  by  the  reduction  of  several  junior  officers 
in  each  rank.  He  was  appointed  in  January 
1831  to  86th  regiment,  and  obtained  about  the 
same  time  the  situation  of  Garrison  Quarter- 
master at  Gibraltar,  which  he  retained  until  June 
1834,  when  he  was  ordered  to  join  the  depot  at 
home ;  he  was  promoted  lieutenant  In  October 
1834,  and  joined  the  regiment  at  Demerara  in 
summer  1835.  The  regiment  returned  home  in 
May  1837,  and  Lieut.  Gilchrist  was  re-appointed 
in  June  1837  Garrison  Quartermaster  at  Gibral- 
tar ;  which  situation  he  again  held  until  April 
1841,  when  he  retired  on  half-pay,  and  resigned 
his  staff"  appointment.  He  died  on  Christmas 
Eve,  1849.  G.  L.  S. 

Conservative  Club. 


EATON  S    SERMON. 

(2""^  S.  i.  516.) 

Mb.  Aspland  states  truly  that  the  name  of 
Samuel  Eaton  Is  not  mentioned  "  In  Hanbury's 
three  bulky  volumes  of  Historical  Memorials  re- 
lating to  the  Independents ; "  and  he  is  solicitous  to 
obtain  references  illustrative  of  Eaton's  life  and 
writings.  That  I  was  not  ignorant  respecting 
Eaton's  character  and  writings  when  I  "  professed 
to  write  the  history  of  Independency  in  England 
and  its  literature,"  Mb.  Aspland  may  see  in  the 
subjoined  extract  from  my  Historical  Research 
concerning  the  most  ancient  Congregational  Church 
in  England,  1820,  8vo.,  pp.  54. : 

"  That  the  claim  of  Mr.  Jacob's  church  to  priority  has 
been  questioned,  is  evident  from  what  is  said  in  Edwards's 
Gangrcena,  pt.  iii.  1646 ;  but,  as  will  presently  appear,  that 
writer  is  not  sufficient  authority.  He  says,  in  p.  164., 
'  There  is  a  godly  minister  of  Cheshire,  who  was  lately  in 
London,  that  related  with  a  great  deal  of  confidence  the 
following  story,  as  a  most  certain  truth  known  to  many 
of  that  county;  that  this  last  summer,  the  church  of 
Duckingfield  (of  which  Master  Eaton  and  Master  Taylor 
are  pastor  and  teacher)  being  met  in  their  chapel,  to  the 
performing  of  their  worship  and  service,  as  Master  Eaton 
was  preaching,  there  was  heard  the  perfect  sound  as  of  a 
man  beating  a  march  on  a  drum,'  .  .  .  'insomuch 
that  it  terrified  Master  Eaton  and  the  people,  caused  him 
to  give  over  preaching,'  &c.    And  he  adds,  in  p.  165., 


94 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nds.  No3L,  Aug.  2. '56. 


*  This  church  of  Ductinfrfield  is  the  first  Independent 
church,  visible  and  framed,  that  was  set  up  in  England, 
being  before  the  Apologists  came  from  Holland,  and  so 
before  their  setting  up  their  churches  here  in  London.' 
That  Kdwards's  account  is  not  quite  correct,  the  follow- 
ing titles  of  works  will  show :  A  Defence  of  sundry  Po- 
sitions and  Scriptures,  alledged  to  justifie  the  Congregationall- 
way,  by  Samuel  Eaton,  Teacher,  and  Timothy  Taylor, 
Pastor,  of  the  Church  in  Ducken  field,  in  Cheshire,  1645, 
4to. ;  The  Defence  of  sundry  Positions  and  Scriptiires  for 
the  Congregational-way  justified,  by  Sam.  Eaton  and  Tim. 
Taylor,  1646,  4to.  In  Calamy's  Nonconformists'  Memorial, 
Palmer's  ed.  1775,  vol.  ii.  p.  91.,  under  the  head  '  Ducken- 
field,  Lancashire,'  is  an  account  of  Mr.  Samuel  Eaton ; 
whence  we  find,  that  having  been  puritanically  educated, 
he  dissented  in  some  particulars  from  the  Church  of 
England,  and  withdrew  to  New  England  [in  1637]  ;  but 
returned  and  gathered  a  congregational  church  at  Duck- 
enfield.  He  died  Jan.  9,  1664,  aged  sixty-eight.  This 
account  completely  confutes  Edwards's,  for  at  the  time  Mr. 
Jacob  instituted  his  church,  Mr.  Eaton  was  but  twenty 
years  old  I  "  —  Hist.  Res.,  p.  6. 

Benjamin  Hanburt. 
Gloucester  Villas,  Brixton. 


COMMON-PLACE  BOOKS  (P'  S.  xii.  366.  478. ;  2"'^ 
S.  i.  486.,  ii.  38.)  :  motto  for  index  (2"^  S.  i. 
413.  481.) 

To  convince  your  correspondent  F.  C.  H.  that 
the  method  he  describes  of  a  common- place  book, 
dividing  the  page  into  compartments,  a,  e,  i,  o,  u, 
T,  and  facilitating  the  use  of  Locke's  New  Method 
of  a  Common-Place  Book  and  Numerical  Index, 
was  adopted  at  the  period  I  have  mentioned,  viz. 
1792,  the  only  difference  being  the  omission  of 
the  vowel  y,  I  beg  to  furnish  a  specimen  from  the 
work  before  referred  to,  Asiatic  Researches,  vol.  iii. 
p.  249.  et  seq.,  from  which  he  will  see  that  although 
he  did  not  refer  to  any  of  the  works  which  I  men- 
tion, he  described  a  plan  precisely  the  same,  and 
which  was  consequently  not,  as  he  supposes,  new 
forty  years  ago. 


A 

Fol. 

E 

Fol. 

I 

Fol. 

o 

Fol. 

V 

Fol. 

Arabia 

256 

Ahremen 

256 

Ahilya 

255 

Af(5ca 

254 

AgUTM 

256 

The  words  Arabia,  &c.,  are  given  by  way  of 
example. 

Common-Place  Book,  256. : 

"  Arabia :  In  this  celebrated  peninsula  the  richest  and 
most  beautiful  of  languages  was  brought  to  per- 
fection :  the  Arabick  dictionary  by  Golius  is  the  most 
elegant,  the  most  convenient,  and,  in  one  word,  the 
best,  that  was  ever  compiled  in  any  language." 

The  directions  and  explanation  of  the  superior  ad- 
vantages of  this  new  method  occupy  four  pages. 
Perhaps  Mr.  Chadwick  will  not  be  dissatisfied 


with  the  trite  motto,  "  Festina  Lente,"  for  his 
Index.  In  the  Golden  Remains  of  the  "  ever  me- 
morable" Hales  of  Eton,  London,  1688,  he  thus 
exhibits  the  progressive  unity  of  an  index,  which 
methodically  arranges  excerptions  though  thrown 
together  "  in  most  admired  disorder : " 

"  In  your  reading  excerpe,  and  note  in  your  books  such 
things  as  you  like,  going  on  continually  without  any  re- 
spect unto  order ;  and  for  the  avoiding  of  confusion  it 
shall  be  very  profitable  to  allot  some  time  to  the  reading 
again  of  your  own  notes,  which  do  as  much  and  as  oft  as 
j-ou  can.  For  by  this  means  your  notes  shall  be  better 
fixt  in  your  memory,  and  your  memory  will  easily  supply 
you  with  things  of  the  like  nature,  if  by  chance  you  have 
dispersedly  noted  them,  that  so  you  may  bring  them  to- 
gether by  marginal  references.  But  because  your  notes 
in  time  must  needs  arise  in  some  bulk,  that  it  may  be  too 
great  a  task,  and  too  great  loss  of  time  to  review  them, 
do  thus :  cause  a  large  index  to  be  fram'd  according  to 
alphabetical  order,  and  register  in  it  your  heads,  as  they 
shall  ofi^er  themselves  in  the  course  of  your  reading,  every 
head  under  his  proper  letter.  For  thus  though  your  notes 
lie  confused  in  your  papers,  yet  are  thej^  digested  in  your 
index,  and  tQ  draw  them  together  when  you  are  to  make 
use  of  them  will  be  nothing  so  great  pains  as  it  would  be 
to  have  ranged  them  under  their  several  heads  at  their 
first  gathering.  A  little  experience  of  this  course  will 
show  you  the  profit  of  it,  especially  if  you  did  compare  it 
with  some  others  that  are  in  use."  —  Page  234. 

BiBLIOTHECAR.  ChETHAM. 


PUNISHMENT   FOR   REFUSING   TO   PLEAD. 
(2°'l  S.  i.  411.) 

The  punishment  of  death  was  formerly  most 
barbarously  inflicted  upon  persons  who  refused  to 
plead  to  an  indictment  preferred  against  them. 
I  am  enabled  to  give  you  the  exact  terms  of  the 
sentence.  The  prisoner  being  called  upon  to 
plead,  and  remaining  mute,  the  judgment  or- 
dained by  law  was  as  follows  : 

"That  the  prisoner  shall  be  sent  to  the  prison  from 
whence  he  came,  and  put  into  a  mean  room,  stopped  from 
the  light,  and  shall  be  laid  on  the  bare  ground,  without 
any  litter,  straw,  or  other  covering,  and  without  any  gar- 
ment about  him  (except  something  to  hide  his  privy 
members).  He  shall  lie  upon  his  back,  his  head  shall  be 
covered,  but  his  feet  shall  be  bare.  One  of  his  arms  shall 
be  drawn  by  a  cord  to  one  side  of  the  room,  and  the  other 
arm  to  the  other  side,  and  his  legs  shall  be  served  in  like 
manner.  Then  there  shall  be  laid  upon  his  body  as  much 
iron  or  stone  as  he  can  bear,  and  more.  And  the  first  day 
after  he  shall  have  three  morsels  of  barley  bread,  without 
any  drink ;  and  the  second  day  he  shall  be  allowed  to 
drink  as  much  as  he  can  at  three  times  of  the  water  that 
is  next  the  prison  door,  except  running  water,  without 
any  bread ;  and  this  shall  be  his  diet  till  he  dies.  And 
he  against  whom  this  judgment  shall  be  given  forfeits 
his  goods  to  the  king." 

This  sentence  once  pronounced,  it  remained  at 
the  discretion  of  the  court  to  allow  the  prisoner  to 
return  and  plead  if  he  desired.  By  an  act  passed 
in  1772  this  statute  was  repealed,  and  persons  re- 
fusing to  plead  were  deemed  guilty  as  if  tried  by 


2-iS.no  31.,  Aug.  2. '56.]  N^TES   AND   QUERIES. 


95 


a  jury.  This  was  called  at  the  time  a  merciful 
alteration  :  but  the  present  law  on  this  subject  is 
much  more  in  accordance  with  the  spirit  of  justice 
and  humanity ;  for  if  a  prisoner  refuses  to  plead, 
he  is  tried  as  he  would  be  had  he  pleaded  "  not 
guilty  "  to  the  charge.  The  old  law  of  pressing  to 
death  never  became  obsolete,  but  was  enforced 
almost  up  to  the  very  year  of  its  repeal. 

John  Bawtree  Haevey. 
Colchester. 


MR.  BATHUR3T  S   DISAPPEARANCE. 

(2"'i  S.  ii.  48.) 

The  following  account  is  from  the  Biographic 
Unioerselle,  Ancienne  et  Moderne,  Supplement, 
tome  57^""%  Paris,  1834  : 

"Bathurst  (Lord  Benjamin?),  n^en  1784  k  Londres, 
d'une  famille  illustre  (voy.  Bathurst,  iii.  516.),  re(;ut 
une  brillaute» education,  et  fut  d^s  sa  jeuaesse  destine  h  la 
diplomatie.  Une  mission  lui  ayant  ete  confiee  auprfes  de 
la  Cour  de  Vienne,  en  1809,  il  revenait  de  cette  capitale 
avec  des  de'peches  d'une  grande  importance,  l|rsqu'il  dis- 
parut  tout  k  coup,  h.  son  passage  prfes  de  Hambourg,  an 
moment  ou  il  allait  s'embarquer  pour  I'Angleterre.  Tout 
annonce  qu'il  fut  assassine  par  suite  d'un  crime  h,  peu 
prfes  semblable  h  celui  dont  le  Major  Sinclair  avait  ^t^ 
victime.  On  ne  trouva  d'autres  traces  de  sa  disparution 
q'une  partie  de  ses  vetements  restee  sur  les  bords  de 
I'Elbe.  Cette  perte  causa  en  Angleterre  de  trfes-vifs  re- 
grets, et  Ton  h,  fait  long-temps  d'inutiles  recherches  pour 
connaitre  les  auteurs  du  crime.  Lorsqu'en  1815  I'ex- 
ministre  de  la  police  imperiale,  Savary,  tomba  dans  les 
mains  des  Anglais,  il  lui  fut  address^  sur  cette  ^vfenement, 
par  le  ministre  Bathurst,  beaucoup  de  questions  qui 
n'eurent  point  de  resultat." 

From  this  it  would  appear  that  nothing  certain, 
up  to  1834,  had  been  ascertained  on  this  distress- 
mg  subject.  The  Major  Sinclair  alluded  to  in 
the  above  extract  was  an  officer  in  the  Swedish 
service,  who  had  been  sent,  in  1739,  to  negociate 
a  treaty  at  Constantinople,  and  was  assassinated 
on  his  return,  near  Naumburgh,  in  Silesia.  The 
Biog.  Univ.  (tome  42.)  says  that  the  evident  ob- 
ject of  this  crime  was  to  obtain  possession  of  his 
dispatches,  the  secret  of  which  could  only  interest 
Russia.  J.  Macray. 

Oxford. 


Nothing  certain  is  known  of  Mr.  Bathurst's  fate. 
In  the  life  of  his  father,  the  late  Bishop  of  Nor- 
wich, by  Mrs.  Thistelthwaite,  any  person  inter- 
ested in  this  strange  story  may  see  all  that  is 
known.  His  eldest  daughter  was  drowned  in  the 
Tiber,  the  other  is  living.  Mrs.  Bathurst  was  a 
sister  of  Sir  W.  P.  Call,  Bart.,  and  a  cousin  of  my 
mother's.  She  died  at  an  advanced  age,  in  Italy, 
about  a  year  since. 

Would  A  Bookworm  be  so  kind  as  to  let  me 
see  Mrs.  Bathurst's  MS.  journal  ? 

A.  Holt  White. 

Southend,  Essex. 


I  think  your  correspondent  A  Bookworm  is 
under  a  mistake  in  saying  Mrs.  Benjamin  Bathurst 
was  a  sister  of  Sir  G.  P.  Call's ;  she  was  sister  to 
Lord  Aylmer.  Her  surviving  daughter  is  Dow- 
ager Countess  of  Castle  Stuart.  Bookworm 
would  find  the  information  he  seeks  in  the  Life  of 
Bishop  Bathurst,  written  by  his  son  the  late  Arch- 
deacon Bathurst. 

A  Reader  of  "  Notes  and  Queries  "  from 
ITS  Commencement, 


songs  on  tobacco. 

(2"'»  S.  i.  182.  258.) 

I  have  a  version  of  the  old  song  "  Think  of  that, 
when  you  smoke  tobacco,"  differing  in  words 
from  the  versions  inserted  in  "N.  &  Q.,"  but 
similar  in  sentiment  and  metre,  for  which  reason 
I  shall  not  ask  you  to  insert  it.  I  send,  however, 
one  which  is  headed  "  a  translation  "  in  my  note- 
book, and  which  differs  in  metre  from  those  that 
have  been  embalmed  in  the  classic  pages  of  your 
invaluable  journal. 

"  The  leaves  of  tobacco  which  come  from  afar. 

For  better  or  worse  to  the  smoker. 
Their  colour  so  green  in  the  morn  seems  to  be. 

In  the  evening  they  're  livid  —  they  wither ; 
This  constantly  shews  to  us  pilgrims  on  earth 
That  we  are  but  strangers  on  this  stage,  from  birth, 
In  worldly  enjoyments  there  's  always  a  dearth ; 

These  morals  at  once  touch  the  smoker. 

"  The  pipe,  through  this  habit,  it  blackens  in  time, 
The  ashes  and  smoke  make  it  blacken ; 

Before  it  be  cleansfed,  or  whiten'd,  'tis  put 
In  the  fire,  when  it  turns  to  its  colour. 

So  we  are,  all  of  us,  without  and  within, 

Uncleanly  and  full  of  dire  hatred  and  sin, 

Before  he  is  purified,  grace  must  begin 
To  work  on  the  mind  of  the  smoker. 

"  The  white  chalky  pipe  has  the  colour  of  them 
Whom  we  call  our  fair  maidens  and  beauties ; 
When  once  it  is  broken,  it  is  put  aside. 
And  wholly  dispensed  with  its  uses ; 
And  thus  we  are,  all  of  us,  seemingly  strong, 
But  a  light  stroke  of  Fate  may  cast  us  along 
The  stream  of  adversity  —  both  th'  old  and  the  young 
Should  muse  as  the  smoke  them  infuses. 

"  The  ashes  or  dross  in  the  pipe  they  remain, 
It  must  be  remember'd  with  wonder ; 
But  the  smoke  it  ascends  to  the  regions  above, 

Most  surelj',  as  on  it  we  ponder : 
From  this  earth  to  that  earth  we  soon  must  return, 
From  ashes  to  ashes  —  though  the  thought  we  maj' 

spurn ; 
Our  life  it  decays,  as  tobacco  doth  burn, 
Consider  thy  exit,  then,  Smoker." 

JUVERNA,  M.A. 
Pemb.  Coll.,  Oxon. 


Your  correspondent  Dr.  Rimbault  remarks  on 
the  old  phrase,  "drinking  tobacco."  _ May  I  add  a 
parallel  case  of  the  natives  of  India,  who  call  it 


96 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  31.,  Aug.  2.  '66. 


"  hooka  peue,"  to  drink  the  hooka ;  and  who  like- 
wise swallow  the  smoke,  and  breathe  it  out 
through  the  nostrils.  E.  E.  Btng, 


3R«jpItci  t0  Minax  H^utvitS, 

Portraits  of  Swift  (2"'^  S.  ii.  21.)— I  am  not  able 
to  say  (writinor  from  the  country)  whether,  as 
G.  N.  states,  Faulkner  (not  Faulkener)  printed 
an  edition  of  Swift  in  1734 ;  but  I  have  his  edi- 
tion of  1735,  which  makes  no  allusion  to  a  former 
edition.  My  edition  contains,  in  the  4th  volume, 
the  print  that  G.  N.  seems  to  allude  to,  but  it 
differs  from  his  description :  first,  in  having  Vert 
for  Vertue,  the  engraver's  name  ;  and  secondly,  in 
being,  in  my  opinion,  a  very  poor  performance, 
and  a  peculiarly  bad  likeness  of  Swift,  which  is 
the  more  apparent  because  the  first  volume  has  an 
admirable  portrait  of  the  Dean  engraved  by  "  G. 
Vertue,"  and  in  his  very  best  style.  If  G.  N.  be 
accurate  in  his  statementSj  I  would  guess  that 
Faulkner  published  his  first  volumes  in  1734, 
■without  Vertue's  fine  portrait,  and  republished 
them  in  173o  with  that  plate  and  a  new  date. 
The  plate  in  the  4th  volume,  described  by  G.  N., 
and  marked  in  my  copy  as  by  "  Vert,"  was,  I  am 
satisfied,  not  by  Vertue ;  but  by  some  very  in- 
ferior artist,  who  was  not  impudent  enough  to 
give  Vertue's  name  at  full  length.  C. 

"  God  save  the  King"  (2"'^  S.  ii.  60.)  —  A.  A.  D. 
has  been  misinformed.  No  doubt  can  exist  that 
Dr.  John  Bull  was  the  composer  of  this  tune.  It 
stands  in  the  volume  of  MS.  music  by  Bull, 
formerly  the  property  of  Dr.  Pepusch,  now  of 
Mr.  Richard  Clark.  Mr.  William  Chappell  is  not 
a  professional  musician ;  and  his  statements  upon 
music,  as  abstract  music,  should  be  received  only 
so  far  as  supported  by  the  strongest  evidence. 
Even  musicians  have  made  great  mistakes  in  the 
origin  and  chronology  of  melody.  Dr.  Crotch, 
who  chose  to  fix  upon  one  chronological  date  as 
the  rise  of  pure  church-music,  and  another  chro- 
nological date  as  the  period  of  its  decline,  has 
made  a  ludicrous  mistake  in  exemplifying  his  un- 
tenable theory.  As  an  example  of  the  church 
school  in  its  perfection,  he  quotes  a  chant  in 
D  minor,  imagining  it  was  the  composition  of 
Thomas  Morley  of  1585,  whereas  it  was  made  by 
William  Morley  of  1740,  a  period  in  which,  ac- 
cording to  Dr.  Crotch's  notion,  all  true  church- 
music  was  defunct.  H.  J.  Gatjntlbtt. 

Approach  of  Vessels  (2°"*  S.  i.  315. 418.)— In  the 
Nautical  Magazine  for  March,  1834,  will  be  found 
a  very  interesting  account  of  Nauscopie,  or  the 
art  of  ascertaining  the  approach  of  vessels  at  a 
great  distance,  by  M.  Bottineau.     He  says ; 

"  This  knowledge  neither  results  from  the  undulation 


of  the  waves,  nor  from  quick  sight,  nor  from  a  particular 
sensation;  but  simply  from  observing  the  horizon,  which 
bears  upon  it  certain  signs  indicative  of  the  approach  of 
vessels  or  land.  When  a  vessel  approaches  land,  or 
another  vessel,  a  meteor  appears  in  the  atmosphere  of  a 
particular  nature,  visible  to  every  eye,  without  any  difficult 
effort :  it  is  not  by  the  effect  of  a  fortuitous  occurrence 
that  this  meteor  makes  its  appearance  under  such  cir- 
cumstances ;  it  is,  on  the  contrary,  the  necessary  result  of 
one  vessel  towards  another  or  towards  land." 

R.  Thokburn. 

Bottineau  is  the  name  of  the  person  who  prac- 
tised the  very  curious  art  of  foretelling  the  ap- 
proach of  vessels  to  land.  He  held  a  situation 
under  the  French  government,  in  the  Mauritius, 
towards  the  end  of  the  last  century,  and  appears 
to  have  made  repeated  and  vain  efforts  to  gain  the 
patronage  of  his  native  government  for  his  art, 
but  having  failed  to  sell  it  to  advantage,  permitted 
it  to  expire  with  him.  He  died  in  obscurity  about 
the  time  of  the  Revolution  ;  and  it  doesiiot  appear 
that  any  offer  of  his  services  was  ever  made  by 
him  to  the  English  government,  or  that  he  derived 
any  pensi^  from  it.  The  Nautical  Magazine  for 
March,  1834,  contains  a  series  of  documents  re- 
specting this  strange  art;  and  in  No.  115.  of  the 
first  series  of  Chamber^ s  Journal  will  be  found  an 
interesting  paper  upon  the  subject,  under  the 
fanciful  title  of  "  Nautical  Second-Sight." 

William  Blood, 

Dublin. 

Lines  on  Warburton  (2°'^  S.  ii.  22.)  —  If  S.  W. 
will  refer  to  Churchill's  Works,  vol.  ii.  pp.  43,  44., 
1844,  edited  by  W.  Tooke,  he  will  find  the  verses 
on  Warburton  he  quotes,  as  written  by  S.  Rogers 
in  Johnson's  Table-Talk: 

"  The  first  entitled  to  the  place 

Of  Honour  both  by  gown  and  grace, 

Who  never  let  occasion  slip 

To  take  right  hand  of  fellowship  ; 

And  was  so  proud,  that  should  he  meet 

The  Twelve  Apostles  in  the  street. 

He'd  turn  his  nose  up  at  them  all, 

And  sliove  his  Saviour  from  the  wall," 

Nichols's  Literary  Anecdotes,  and  D 'Israeli's 
Quarrels  of  Authors,  and  the  notes  of  Mr.  Tooke, 
may  be  usefully  consulted  in  relation  to  Warbur- 
ton and  Churchill's  satire. 

A  good  life  of  Warburton,  embracing  the  lite- 
rary history  of  the  period,  in  relation  to  him  and 
to  his  immediate  contemporaries,  is  much  to  be 
desired.  Spenceb  Hall. 

Rawson  (2"^  S.  i.  452.)  —  G.  R.  C.  will  see  a 
pedigree  of  Rawson,  of  Bessacarr,  in  par.  Cantley, 
CO.  York,  stated  to  be  descended  from  the  Raw- 
sons  of  Frystone,  in  Hunter's  South  Yorkshire 
(vol.  i.  p.  85.).  Also,  at  p.  321.  of  the  same  work, 
another  Rawson  of  Pickburn,  or  Pigburn,  in  par. 
Brodsworth.  Accounts  of  other  families  of  the 
same  name  are  to  be  found  in  Hunter's  Hallam- 
shire  (pp.  224.  267.)  C.  J. 


2'"'  S.  No  81.,  AcG.  2.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


97 


Allow  (2'">  S.  ii.  10.)  — The  meaning  of  this 
word  in  the  Baptismal  Service  most  likely  will 
be  the  meaning  usually  attached  to  it  by  the 
writers  of  the  age  in  which  the  service  was  drawn 
up.  In  the  English  version  of  the  New  Testa- 
ment the  word  occurs  five  times,  to  express  what 
in  the  original  are  four  different  words  : 

Luke  xi.  48.  —  <rvvevS6KeiTe. 

Acts  Xxiv.  15.  — Trpoa-S^xovTOLl. 

Horn.  vii.  15.  —  •yiftoo-Koj. 

liom.  xiv.  22.  —  Soxif^afei ;  also  1  Thess.  ii.  4. 

In  this  last  sense  of  "  approving  after  trial,"  it 
is  used  in  the  Prayer-Book  version  of  Psalm  xi. 
6.,  where  the  authorised  version  has  "  trieth,"  and 
the  original  }n3* ;  but  the  most  usual  meaning 
seems  to  have  been  "  approve,  be  well  pleased 
with,  take  pleasure  in."  Cf.  King  Lear^  Act  III. 
So.  4. : 

"  If  your  sweet  sway 
Allow  obedience." 

There  seems  to  be  no  objection  to  this  meaning 
in  the  passage  referred  to  by  E.  G.  R. ;  for  though 
your  pages  are  not  the  place  to  discuss  the  ques- 
tion  of  infant  baptism,  I  think  that  God  nowhere 
expressly  commands  it,  though  the  Church  in  her 
27th  Article  says  it  "  is  in  anywise  to  be  retained, 
as  most  agreeable  with  the  institution  of  Christ,"  a 
phrase  which  seems  exactly  to  correspond  to  the 
"  favourably  alloweth  "  of  the  Baptismal  Service. 
J.  Eastwood,  M.A. 

Eckington. 

_  Canary  (2°'^  S.  i.  374.  440. ;  ii.  34.)— Without 
disputing  the  statement  in  Hebrews  xiii.  12.,  or 
the  interpretation  put  upon  it,  I  must  call  atten- 
tion to  the  reading  of  John  xix.  20.,  which,  on 
the  authority  of  the  best  MSS.,  declares  that  "  the 
part  of  the  city  where  Jesus  was  crucified  was 
nigh. '  "  'E77US  ?iv  6  Toiros  rrjs  TrjAeoij,  Sttov  icrrav- 
pcidf]  6  'iTjtroDs."  This  is  the  adopted  reading  of 
Scholz  and  Tischendorff.  Consequently  Golgotha 
or  Calvary  was  within,  and  not  without  the  city. 
The  present  walls  of  Jerusalem  were  erected  a.d. 
1542  ;  the  previous  walls,  extending  farther  to 
the  north  than  these,  were  erected  under  Clau- 
dius, forty-one  years  after  Christ  (Joseph.  War, 
V.  4.  2.  Corap.  Tacit.  Hist.,  v.  12.).  But  in  the 
time  of  Christ  there  were  two  walls  (neither  coin- 
ciding with  the  above).  Of  the  outer  one  Scholz 
found  traces ;  the  inner  one  probably  excluded 
Calvary,  which,  if  situated  betwixt  these  two 
walls,  was  not  only,  according  to  St.  John,  "  part 
of  the  city,"  but  also  "  without  the  gate,"  accord- 
ing to  the  Epistle  to  the  Hebrews,  which,  how- 
ever, does  not  say  it  was  without  the  gate  of  the 
city,  but  might,  for  the  allegorical  purpose  of  the 
writer,  be  without  the  gate  of  the  Temple  ("Tera- 
plum  in  modum  arcis  propriique  muri,"   Tacit. 

1.  C.)  T.  J.  BOCKTON. 

Lichfield. 


The  House  of  Brunswick  and  the  Casting  Vote 
(2°'^  S.  ii.  44.).  — Sir  Arthur  Owen,  Bart.,  of 
Orielton,  in  the  county  of  Pembroke,  is  the  in- 
dividual who  is  asserted  to  have  given  the  casting 
vote  which  placed  the  Brunswick  dynasty  upon 
the  throne  of  England.  A  lady  now  residing  in 
Haverfordwest  remembers  her  grandmother,  who 
was  staying  at  Orielton  at  the  time  when  Sir 
Arthur  Owen  rode  to  London  on  horseback,  for 
the  purpose  of  recording  his  vote.  He  had  relays 
of  horses  at  the  different  posting  houses,  and  ac- 
complished the  journey  in  an  incredibly  short 
space  of  time ;  arriving  at  the  precise  juncture 
when  his  single  vote  caused  the  scale  to  pre- 
ponderate in  favour  of  the  descendants  of  the 
Electress  Sophia.  John  Pavin  Phillips. 

Haverfordwest. 

Cast  of  Oliver  Cromwell  (2"''  S.  ii.  34.)  —  I  do 
not  know  of  any  cast  of  Oliver  Cromwell  being 
preserved  in  the  Tower.  The  original  one,  taken 
after  death,  is,  I  believe,  in  the  possession  of 
Henry  W.  Field,  Esq.,  of  H.  M.  Mint,  a  descen- 
dant of  the  Lord  Protector.  Mercator,  A.B. 

Reginald  Bligh,  A.B.  (2"^  S.  ii.  10.)  —  was 
presented  to  the  rectory  of  Romaldkirk  in  the 
North  Riding  of  Yorkshire,  April  7,  1787.  I 
have  every  reason  to  believe  that  he  died  and  was 
buried  at  Romaldkirk,  but  I  am  sure  that  the 
present  rector  will  give  Messrs.  C.  H.  &  T.  Coo- 
per all  the  information  about  him  that  they 
require.  Mr.  Bligh  was  related  to  the  Captain 
Bligh  whose  name  has  become  famous  from  his 
connection  with  the  mutiny  of  the  Bounty. 

Anon. 

Raid  (2"d  S.  i.  213.  396.  522.)  —  Between  a 
place  called  Trumfleet  Marsh  and  the  north  bank 
of  the  river  Don,  near  Kirk-Bramwith,  about  six 
miles  N.N.E.  of  Doucaster,  is  a  portion  of  land 
bearing  the  name  of  "  The  Rands."  On  the  oppo- 
site, or  south  bank,  is  Fishlake  ;  to  the  school  of 
which  parish  the  Rev.  Richard  Rands  alias  Crab- 
tree  (so  he  writes  himself)  was  a  benefactor  circa 
1640.  He  mentions  Fishlake  as  being  "  the  place 
of  his  nativity."  C.  J. 

Blood  which  will  not  wash  out  (2°'^  S.  i.  461 ; 
ii,  57,) — It  is  forty  years,  exactly,  since  I  visited 
the  chapel  of  the  Carmelites  at  Paris,  alluded  to 
in  the  above  pages.  At  that  time  the  blood  was 
left  in  quantities  all  over  the  pavement  and 
benches,  and  on  the  walls.  I  was  told,  on  the 
spot,  that  the  number  of  clergy  massacred  in  this 
small  chapel  was  102  !  Others  were  shut  up  and 
murdered  in  the  beautiful  church  of  the  convent ; 
and  the  whole  number  thus  sacrificed  was  500 ! 
With  reference,  however,  to  the  original  Querpr 
as  to  the  blood  not  washing  out,  my  impression  is 
that  in  this  case  no  attempt  has  been  made  to 


98 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2fld  s.  No  31.,  AcG.  2. '5G, 


wash  it  out.  It  is  regarded  with  the  greatest 
veneration ;  and  when  I  was  there,  it  was  pre- 
served most  carefully  by  never  sweeping  over  it, 
except  with  a  bunch  of  feathers.  At  the  time  of 
my  visit,  the  convent  was  occupied  by  about 
thirty-six  Carmelite  nuns.  I  had  just  before  paid 
a  visit  to  the  good  old  Abbe  Barruel,  who  had 
then  lost  the  sight  of  one  eye,  and  was  declining, 
but  very  cheerful.  He  spoke  very  highly  of 
Bishop  Milner,  and  expressed  a  wish  to  possess 
his  Letters  to  a  Prebendary,  to  which  he  said  he 
should  give  a  more  honourable  place  in  his  library 
than  to  Bossuet's  Variations.  F.  C.  H. 

The  Doleman  (2"'^  S.  i.  375.)— Dollman  (some- 
times Dowman)  is  not  a  very  uncommon  name : 
the  family  appears  to  be  originally  from  Yorkshire, 
but  there  are  branches  in  Herts,  Berks,  and  Cam- 
bridgeshire. J.  K.  does  not  say  to  which  town 
he  alludes,  or  the  name  might  possibly  be  traced 
in  the  neighbourhood.  There  are  several  pedi- 
grees of  the  name  in  Brit.  Mus.  (see  Sims's  Index), 
Shaw  gives  the  arms  of  a  branch  settled  in  Staf- 
fordshire (vol.  ii.  p.  101.)  LX. 

Oamage  Family  (2""^  S.  ii.  48.)  — The  place 
Anonymous  writes  "  Royiode,"  is  perhaps  Coyty, 
near  Bridgend,  in  Glamorganshire.  The  castle  of 
Coyty  was  formerly  the  chief  possession  of  the 
family  of  Gamage  ;  and,  among  persons  in  a  hum- 
ble condition  of  life,  in  that  county,  the  name  still 
exists.  T.  F. 

^'Aneroid''  (2"'»  S.  i.  114.)  —This  word,  as 
applied  to  the  vacuum  barometer,  is  a  modern 
coinage ;  and  is  compounded  of  a,  privative,  and 
the  obsolete  adjective  vi)pbs,  "  humidus."  The 
motion  of  the  index  on  the  dial-plate  of  the  in- 
strument is  produced  by  the  pressure  of  the  at- 
mosphere upon  a  corrugated  iron  box,  from  which 
the  air  has  been  exhausted.  There  being  no  fluid 
tis»d  in  the  construction  of  the  barometer,  it  is, 
therefore,  not  inaptly  designated  "  Aneroid,"  i.  e. 
moistureless.  John  Pavin  PHiiiLiPS. 

Haverfordwest. 

The  Ducking  Stool  (2"'^  S.  ii.  38.)  —  In  a  recent 
number  of  "  N.  &  Q."  a  correspondent  from  Birk- 
enhead has  mentioned  the  use  of  the  ducking  stool 
as  a  punishment  for  women,  in  Liverpool,  in  1779, 
and  perhaps  much  later,  and  has  referred,  as  his 
authority,  to  my  historical  work  on  Liverpool. 
The  fact  certainly  was  as  he  has  stated.  That 
barbarous  and  unfeeling  punishment  was  inflicted 
in  the  old  House  of  Correction  in  Liverpool,  at 
least  as  lately  as  in  1779;  and  its  constant  inflic- 
tion there  is  mentioned  in  Howard's  Appendix  to 
the  State  of  the  Prisons  in  England  and  Wales, 

&258.     See  also  the  allusion  to  it  by  Mr.  James 
ield,    the    philanthropist,    in    the    Gentleman's 
Magazine  of  1803,  vol.  Ixxiii.  part  2.  p.  1104. 


I  may  be  allowed  to  add,  that  there  is  yet  a 
portable  ducking  stool,  on  wheels,  preserved  in 
the  church  at  Leominster,  in  Herefordshire,  as 
your  correspondent  states.  I  have  repeatedly 
seen  it,  and  the  last  time  was  only  in  May  last ; 
and  I  have  been  informed  by  the  worthy  vicar, 
who  kindly  accompanied  me  and  pointed  it  out  to 
me,  that  about  seventy  years  ago,  it  was  used  for 
the  ducking  of  a  notoriously  bad  woman  named 
Jane  Curran,  but  called  by  many  "  Jenny  Pipes." 

Richard  Brooke. 

Canning  Street,  Liverpool. 

"Hallow,  my  Fancie"  (2"''  S.  i.  511. ;  ii.  57.)  — 
This  old  song  is  to  be  found  in  The  Cabinet,  a 
(now  somewhat  rare)  collection  of  tales,  &c.  In 
a  note  is  added  — 

"  From  Watson's  Choice  Collection  of  Comic  and  Serious 
Scots  Poems,  both  Ancient  and  Modern,  1706,  a  volume  of 
uncommon  rarity,  where  it  is  prefaced  by  the  following  : 

"'iVoto.  —  It  was  thought  fit  to  insert  these  verses, 
because  the  one  half  of  them  (viz.  from  this  mark  *  *  *  to 
the  end)  were  writ  by  Lieutenant-Colonel  Clealand,  of 
my  Lord  Angus's  Regiment,  when  he  was  a  Student  in 
the  College  of  Edinburgh,  and  18  Years  of  Age.'  " 

The  mark  is  at  the  verse  beginning,  "  In  con- 
ceit like  Phaeton,"  and  ascribes  the  last  nine  of 
seventeen  stanzas  to  Col.  Clealand. 

C.  H.  S.  (Clk.) 

Dissection  (2""^  S.  ii.  64.)  —The  object  of  the 
statute,  2  &  3  Will.  IV.  c.  75.,  which  enacts  that 
the  bodies  of  murderers  shall  not  be  dissected, 
but  buried  in  the  prison,  was  obviously  to  remove 
the  prejudice  against  dissection,  and  to  induce 
persons  to  give  their  own  or  their  relatives'  bodies 
for  dissection;  for  the  act,  after  reciting  that 
there  is  an  insufficient  supply  of  bodies  for  scien- 
tific purposes,  authorises  the  executor,  or  other 
party  having  lawful  possession  of  the  body  of  any 
deceased  person,  to  permit  the  body  to  undergo 
anatomical  examination;"  and  also  makes  it  im- 
perative on  such  party  to  permit  dissection,  if  the 
deceased  had  expressed  a  wish  to  that  effect, 
unless  the  surviving  relatives  object. 

Prior  to  that  act,  it  was  unlawful  to  have  pos- 
session of  a  body  for  anatomical  purposes  ;  and, 
therefore,  no  person  could  authorise  the  dissection 
of  his  body.  It  was  argued,  when  the  act  was 
proposed,  that  the  legalisation  of  dissection,  and 
the  removal  of  the  infamy,  would  induce  many 
persons,  for  the  sake  of  science,  to  give  bodies  ibr 
dissection.  Except  as  to  paupers,  the  act  has 
probably  failed  of  the  object  proposed  ;_  and  it 
might  be  expedient  again  to  legalise  the  dissection 
of  murderers.  Eden  Warwick. 

Birmingham. 

Ancient  Oaths  (2°'^  S.  ii.  70.)  —  The  collection 
suggested  by  T.  II.  P.  to  be  valuable  should  cer- 
tainly be  complete ;  but  such  a  collection  would 
surely  be  too  shocking  and  profane  for  admission 


2»d8,  N0  31.,  AuG.2. '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


99 


into  the  pages  of  "N.  &  Q."  One  inestimable 
blessing  which  we  owe  to  tbe  Reformation,  is  the 
freedom  from  the  awful  oaths  in  use  up  to  that 
time ;  and  it  can  serve  no  good  purpose  even  to 
know  the  precise  forms  of  blasphemy  by  which  an 
incarnate  Saviour  was  appealed  to  by  "  the  faith- 
ful." On  this  subject,  see  an  article  in  the  last 
Christian  Rememhrancer  on  the  "  Religious  and 
Social  State  of  England  before  the  Reformation." 

X.  Y.  Z. 

Whitsxinday  (2°<i  S.  i.  521.  ;  ii.  77.)  — Although 
F.  C.  H.  seems  satisfied  with  "  the  received  origin 
of  the  name  Whitsunday,"  I  confess  that  the  de- 
rivation has  always  appeared  to  me  the  most  un- 
satisfactory and  fanciful  that  could  have  been 
chosen.  Did  neophytes  always  wear  white  gar- 
ments on  this  day  ?  If  they  did,  were  they  so 
specially  worn  on  that  day  only,  as  to  make  it 
likely  that  they  should  give  a  name  to  this  day  ? 
Dissenting  equally  from  Mk.  Mackenzie  AVal- 
COTT  and  from  T.  C.  H.,  I  can  find  no  more  likely 
origin  of  the  word  than  that  which  Hearne  gives 
in  the  glossary  to  his  edition  oi  Rohert  of  Gloucester, 
s.  v.  "  Wyttosonetyd."     His  words  are  : 

"  There  are  many  opinions  about  the  original  of  the 
name,  all  which  I  forbear  noticing,  unless  it  be  one  not 
taken  notice  of  by  common  et3'mologists,  but  occurs  in 
folio  liiij  a.  of  a  very  rare  book  printed  by  VVynken  de 
Worde.  .  .  .  the  words  to  our  purpose  are  these : 

"  '  ^  In  die  pentecostes. 

"  '  Good  men  and  wymmen  this  day  is  called  Wytson- 
day  bycause  the  Holy  Ghost  brought  wytte  and  wysdom 
into  Cristis  disciples,  and  so  by  her  prechyng  after  in  to 
all  cristendom.  Thenne  niaye  ye  understande  that  many 
hath  wytte,  but  not  W3'sdom.  For  there  ben  many  that 
hath  wytte  to  preche  well,  but  there  ben  few  that  have 
wysdom  to  live  well.  There  be  many  wj'se  prechers  and 
techers,  but  her  lyvyng  in  no  maner  thyng  after  her 
prechynge.  Also  there  be  many  that  labour  to  have 
wytte  and  connyng,  but  there  ben  few  travaylleth  to 
come  to  good  lyvynge.'  " 

Would  some  of  your  philological  readers  give 
the  name  of  this  feast  in  the  various  languages  of 
Europe,  as  this  might  enable  us  to  decide  upon 
the  derivation  of  the  word  in  our  own  language. 

Wm.  Denton. 

Anonymous  Works  (1"  S.  x.  306.)  —  I  have 
heard  that  Violet,  or  The  Danseiise,  was  written 
by  Sir  Edward  JBulvver  Lytton,  Bart. ;  and  that 
Nights  at  Mess,  originally  published  in  Black- 
wood's Magazine,  were  not  written  by  the  late 
Dr.  Maginn,  but  by  the  Rev.  James  White, 
M.  A.,  subsequently  residing  in  Norfolk  or 
Somerset.  Wahrheit. 

"  Pence  a  piece,''  for  a  penny  a  piece  (2'"'  S.  ii. 
6G.)  —  This  phrase  may  sometimes  be  heard  in 
Pembrokeshire.  I  have  often  been  struck  with 
the  manifest  inaccuracy  of  the  expression  in  its 
popular  sense  ;  for,  if  it  means  anything,  it  must 
mean  tivo  pence  a  piece  at  least,   to  satisfy  the 


grammatical  construction  ;  just  as  a  lease  for  years, 
without  saying  how  many,  is  a  lease  for  two  years. 
"  Verba  ex  captu  vulgi  imponuntur,"  and  we  have 
here  a  sample  of  the  loose  way  in  which  the  captus 
vulgi  often  works.  J.  W.  Phillifs. 

Haverfordwest. 

Gypsum,  Bones,  Guano  (2°^  S.  i.  374.)  —  The 
use  of  gypsum,  as  a  manure,  was  very  partially 
known  until  Mayer,  a  clergyman  of  Kupferzell, 
in  the  principality  of  Hohenlohe,  in  Germany, 
noticed  it  about  the  middle  of  the  last  century  in 
a  correspondence  with  Count  Von  der  Schulen- 
berg,  at  Hehlen,  in  the  electorate  of  Hanover,  as 
having  been  long  in  use  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Gottingen  as  a  top-dressing  for  young  clover. 
Tscheffeli,  the  zealous  Swiss  agriculturist,  soon 
after  tried  experiments  with  it,  and  his  success 
introduced  it  very  generally  into  Switzerland, 
where  it  continues  to  maintain  its  first  reputation. 

In  the  Dumfries  and  Galloway  Courier  for 
March,  1837,  it  is  stated  that  around  Hull,  and  in 
other  parts  of  England,  bones  have  been  used  as 
•  a  manure  for  a  period  of  nearly  thirty  years  ;  and 
it  is  added,  as  a  curious  fact,  that  while  the  Scots 
have  the  reputation  of  being  the  best  farmers  in  the 
world,  almost  all  our  great  improvements  are  im- 
ported from  the  sister  country.  From  Hull  the 
practice  travelled  to  East  Lothian,  and  was  for 
years  so  stationary  that  not  a  single  bushel  of  the 
new  manure  was  seen  in  the  south  of  Scotland  till 
1825. 

Guano  is  supposed  to  have  been  used  as  a  ma- 
nure probably  for  ages  before  Peru  was  visited  by 
the  Spaniards.  It  is  spoken  of  by  Herrera  in  a 
work  published  at  Madrid  in  1601  ;  in  another 
work  published  at  Lisbon  in  1609.  In  the  time 
of  the  Incas  there  was  so  much  vigilance  in  guard- 
ing the  sea  fowl,  that  during  the  rearing  season 
no  person  was  allowed  to  visit  the  islands  which 
they  frequented,  under  pain  of  death,  in  order 
that  they  might  not  be  frightened  and  driven 
away  from  their  nests.  About  the  commencement 
of  1843,  guano  was  discovered  on  the  island  of 
Ichaboe,  about  two  miles  and  a  half  from  the 
mainland  of  Africa.  The  place  soon  attracted 
notice,  and  by  the  end  of  1844,  nearly  the  whole 
of  the  guano  had  been  carried  away. 

William  Blood. 
Dublin. 

"Rebukes  for  Sin"  (2°'»  S.  ii.  30.)  — This  book 
was  written  by  the  celebrated  Nonconformist 
Thomas  Doolittle.  John  I.  Dredge. 

Memorials  of  former  Greatness  (2"''  S.  i.  405.)  — 
In  the  parish  church  of  Alnwick,  there  are  also 
many  banners,  gloves,  and  (T  think)  spears  or 
swords,  hung  up.  Also  some  gloves  and  wreaths 
in  the  private  chapel  at  Hill  Hall,  in  Essex. 

E.  E.  Btng. 


100 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  31.,  Ara.  2.  '56. 


Rev.  Charles  Hotham  (2"^  S.  ii.  10.)  —  was  a 
son  of  Sir  John  Hotham,  the  celebrated  governor 
of  Hull  who  was  beheaded  on  Tower  Hill,  by  his 
second  wife,  Anne,  daughter  of  Ralph  Rokeby, 
Esq.,  of  York.  He  was  rector  of  Wigan,  Lan- 
cashire, and  married  Eliz.,  daughter  of  Stephen 
Thompson  of  Hambleton,  Esq.,  and  from  him  the 
present  family  of  Hotham  descends. 

SOCIUS   DCNELM. 

''Paraph"  (2"*  S.  i.  373.  420.  481.  521.)  — 
All  the  correspondents  with  "  N.  &  Q."  who  have 
written  in  answer  to  my  inquiries,  as  to  the  diplo- 
matic usages  of  this  word,  have  passed  unnoticed 
this  question. 

"  As  the  King  of  France  had  his  particular  paraph,  said 
to  have  been  a  grate,  are  Ave  to  presume  that  each  state 
had  its  own  ?  " 

Vossim  on  Catullus  (quoted  by  Menage)  intro- 
duces us  to  a  very  difl'erent  custom,  under  the 
same  name,  from  any  that  has  yet  been  noticed  : 

"  Qui  rainio,  cocco,  et  rubrica,  ]ibros  exornabant, 
etiam  illi  ■rTapaypa.4>ti.v  dicebantur.  Et  hinc  est,  quod  ju- 
risconsultorum  rubriciB  rABAGRApiii  adpeilantur." 

Q. 

Bloomsburv. 


MiittWKmaxxi* 

NOTES   ON   BOOKS,   ETC. 

It  was  well  said  by  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds,  a  few  months 
after  the  death  of  Gainsborough,  that,  "  if  ever  this 
nation  should  produce  genius  sufficient  to  acquire  to  us 
the  honourable  distinction  of  an  English  School,  the  name 
of  Gainsborough  will  be  transmitted  to  posterity,  in  the 
history  of  the  Art,  among  the  very  first  of  that  rising 
name :  "  yet,  high  as  is  the  reputation  which  Gainsborough 
now  enjoys  as  one  of  the  best  as  well  as  earliest  masters 
of  the  English  School,  no  biography  worthy  of  his  great 
talents  has  appeared  of  him  until  the  present  moment. 
A  small  volume,  compiled  with  great  care  and  attention, 
at  length  furnishes  the  admirers  of  Thomas  Gainsborough 
with  the  particulars  of  his  early  strivings  after  art  —  his 
progress,  and  ultimate  triumph.  The.  Life  of  Thomas 
Gainsboroiigh,  by  the  late  George  William  Fulcher,  edited 
by  his  Son,  was  commenced  by  one  who  esteemed  it  a 
privilege  to  have  been  born  in  the  same  town,  educated 
at  the  same  school,  and  loved  the  same  scenes  as  Thomas 
Gainsborough ;  he  availed  himself  to  the  fullest  of  these 
advantages,  and,  although  not  spared  to  complete  the 
labours  which  he  had  so  zealously  commenced,  the 
volume  has  perhaps  gained  somewhat  in  interest  by 
the  fact  that  it  is  itself  a  tribute  of  filial  affection.  It 
does  not,  however,  require  this  adventitious  help  to  repu- 
tation :  it  has  been  industriously  and  honestly  worked  at, 
and  wo  have  no  doubt  will,  from  its  completeness,  take  a 
permanent  place  among  English  Art  Biographies. 

Rogers  tells  a  story,  in  proof  of  Robertson's  good  nature, 
of  the  great  historian  spreading  out  a  great  map  of  Scot- 
land on  the  floor,  and  sprawling  on  his  hands  and  knees 
to  show  him  the  best  routes  through  the  country.  There 
was  then  no  Black's  Picturesque  Tourist  of  Scotland,  with 
its  numerous  maps,  views,  &c.  We  live  in  better  days. 
The  railroad  carries  us  to  the  North  in  a  few  hours,  and 
when  there,  thanks  to  the  worthy  M.P.  for  Edinburgh, 
we  are  at  no  loss  to  know  what  is  best  worth  seeing,  or 


how  it  may  best  be  seen.  No  wonder  that  this  vear's 
edition  of  this  most  useful  guide  should  bear  on  its  "title- 
page  the  recognition  of  its  merits  implied  bv  the  words, 
"  Twelfth  Edition." 

The  new  number  of  The  North  British  Review  is  a  very 
pleasant  one.  The  articles  on  the  Ottoman  Empire,  the 
Crimean  Campaign  (a  series  of  corrections  of  the  French 
mis-statements),  and  on  the  Annexation  of  Oude,  will 
interest  the  politician.  The  religious  reader  will  peruse 
with  interest  those  on  Christian  Missions,  and  the  Mart3TS 
and  Heroes  of  Holland.  There  is  a  good  article  on  the 
Microscope  for  the  scientific,  while  the  literary  papers 
—  on  the  life  of  Perthes,  the  Literary  Tendencies  of 
France,  and  the  Life  and  Times  of  Samuel  Rogers, —  give 
an  agreeable  variety  to  the  number. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    PURCIIASH. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.  of  the  foUowins  Booka  to  be  sent  (Mtec.t  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  wlioss  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose  : 

Some  Remarks   on   Hamlet,  Prince   op   Denmark.     Sto.    London, 

1736. 
MrscELLAXEous   Observations   on   thb   Tragedv   of    Hamlet.     8vo. 

London,  1752. 
An  Essay  on  the  Learning  op  Shakspeare.   By  Dr.  Farmer.    1821. 
An   E,^say    on    the  Character    of  Hamlet   as    performed   ry  Mr. 

Hknoerson.    8vo.    No  date. 
A  Philosophical  Analysis  and  Illustration  of  some  of  Shakspeare's 

Dramatic  Characters.    [By  Wm.  Richardson.]    Latest  Edition. 
Essays  on  Richard  III.,  &c.    By  Wm.  Richardson.    12mo.    London, 

1784. 
Essay    on  the   Character  of  Hamlet.    By  the  Rev.   T.  Robertson. 

4to.    London,  1788. 
Observations   on   Hamlet.     By  James  Plumtre.     8vo.     Cambridge, 

1796,  and  the  Appendix.    8vo.    London,  1797. 
Ulrici's  Shakspeare's  Dramatic  Art.    English  Translation. 
W.  S.  Landor's  Work  on  Shakspeare  (?) 
IIazlitt's  Characters  of  Shakspeare's  Plays.     1338. 

Wanted  by  ^.  ^ .  //.,  Post  Office,  Dartmouth  Eoiv,  Blackheath. 


England's  Forgotten  Worthies. 

Wanted  by  J.  W.  II.,  Islington  Literary  Society. 


Lady  Jane  Grey. 
Fair  Rosamond. 
Royston  Gower. 
Rural  Sketches. 

All  by  Thos.  Miller,  Basket-Maker. 

Also  Vols.  VIII.  and  X.  of  Eliza  Cook's  Journal. 

Wanted  by  Thos.  Riley,  Bookseller,  2.  Old  Millgate,  Manchester. 


fialitti  to  (fLaxtei^a\\titnti» 

Among  other  valuable  communicationi  which  we  are  compelled  to  post- 
pone until  next  week  is  an  inedited  letter  b;/  Gustavus  Adolphus  in  favour 
of  Patrick  Ruthven,  and  a  mast  admirable  Oxford  Jen  d'Esprit  of  the 
beginning  of  the  last  century. 

We  are  remindc'l  of  an  inaccuracy  in  the  account  of  tlie  family  of 
Athenian  Stuart  in  our  last  number.  The  '^fine  boy"  at  Mr.  Bnrney  s 
boardinp-school  teas  John  Georf/e  Hardinge  Stuart,  who  ivas  subsequently 
a  midshipman  in  the  Royal  Navy,  and  died  of  the  yellow  fevei;  at  Mar- 
tinique, tn  the  West  Indies,  in  the  year  1800.  Lieut.  James  Stuart,  R.  N., 
now  Uving.was  aposthumoug  child,  born  April  13. 17SS,  shortly  after  the 
death  ofhisfather. 

Ansioers  to  other  Correspondents  in  our  next. 

Index  to  the  First  Series.  As  this  is  now  published,  and  the  im- 
pression is  a  limited  one,  such  of  our  readers  as  desire  copies  would  do 
well  to  intimate  their  wish  to  their  respective  booksellers  without  delay. 
Our  publishers,  Mr.ssRS.  Bell  &  Daldy,  «)t7Z  forward  copies  by  post  on 
receipt  of  a  Post  Office  Order  for  Five  Shillings. 

"Notes  and  Queries"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  so  tliat  the 
Country  Booksellers  may  receive  Copies  in  that  night's  parcels,  and 
deliver  them  to  their  Subscribers  on  the  Saturday. 

"  Notes  and  Queries  "  is  also  issued  in  Monthly  Parts,  for  the  con- 
venience of  those  who  may  either  have  a  difficulty  in  procuring  the  un- 
stamped weekly  Numbers,  or  prefer  receiving  it  monthly.  While  jmrtics 
resident  in  the  country  or  abroad,  who  may  be  desirous  of  receiving  the 
weekly  Numbers,  may  have  stamped  copte«  forwarded  direct  from  the 
Publisher.  The  mibseription  for  the  stamped  edition  of  '  Notes  and 
Queries  "  (including  a  very  copious  Index)  is  eleven  shillings  and  four- 
pence  for  six  months,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order,  drawn  t)» 
favour  of  the  Publisher,  Mr.  George  Bell,  No.  186.  Fleet  Street. 


2B1S.N0  32.,  Ayo.9.'56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


101 


LONpqN,  SdTUJpiDAY,  AUGUST  9, 18$6. 

IQIjSSJTBD   iETTER   OF   GUSTAVUS    ADOLFUDS   IN 
BEHALF    OF    PATRICK    KUTHVEN. 

Such  pf  our  re^cjerg  as  are  Fello\ys  of  the  So- 
ciety of  Antiquaries  remember,  we  have  no  (Joubt, 
the  valuable  illustrations  of  the  History  of  the 
Ruthven  Family  contributed  by  Mr.  Bruce  to  the 
ArcJiceologia^  vol.  xxxiv.,  founded  pn  documents 
which  bad  been  unearthed  from  our  varioijs  Rer 
cord  Offices  by  the  persevering  and  well-directe4 
zeal  of  Colonel  Stepney  Cowell,  a  present  repre- 
sentative of  the  last  male  descendant  of  that  most 
unhappy  family. 

Tp  the  kindness  of  Colonel  Cowell  we  are  now 
indebted  for  the  opportunity  of  bringing  before 
them  a  document  recently  discovered  by  him  in 
the  State  Paper  Office,  which  document  will  be 
read  with  great  interest,  recording  as  it  does  the 
friendly  intercession  of  Gustavus  Ad()lphus  with 
Charles  I.  in  behalf  of  Patrick  Ruthven  ;  and  we 
shall  be  well  pleased  indeed,  if  its  publication  in 
these  columns  should  be  the  means  of  bringing  to 
light  any  evidence  as  to  the  results  of  the  exertions 
so  earnestly  made  by  the  ^vyedish  moparcl),  that 
Patrick  Ruthven  "  might  obtain  the  splendour  of 
his  ancient  house,  and  maintain  the  place  and 
dignityof  his  ancestors." 

"  Gustavt^s  Adplphus,  by  the  Grace  of  iGod  King 
of  Sweeden." 

"Most  excellent  and  most  mightie  Prince, 
Our  most  deare  brother,  Cousin  and  friend. 

"  Your  Mag*  hath  giuen  us  just  occasion  to  re- 
joyce  at  your  frendship,  hauing  upon  Our  inter- 
cession made  by  Our  Counseller  and  Ambass"^ 
Gabriel  Oxgnstern  some  Two  years  agoe,  in  the 
behalf  of  your  sublet  Partrig  Ruthuen,  promised 
for  our  sake  to  restore  him  to  his  former  condi- 
tion. Therefore  understanding  that  y''  Ma""  being 
mindful  of  that  intercession,  hath  not  only  ad- 
mitted the  said  Ruthuen  into  Your  presence,  but 
also  permitted  him  to  kisse  you'  kinglie  hand,  and 
giuen  him  further  hope  withall,  to  obtaine  his 
former  hereditarie  Ijonp""',  We  could  not  but  giue 
you  many  thanks. 

"  Now  for  as  much  as  he  hath  his  hope  upon 
the  mutuall  frendsliip  and  good  correspondence 
as  passeth  betweine  You"^  Maj*  an  Us,  thereby  to 
attaine  Yqu*^  full  grace,  and  to  obtaine  the  splen- 
do""  of  his  auncient  house,  and  to  maintaine  the 
place  and  dignitie  of  his  Ancesto'■^  We  againe 
entreat  You"^  Ma*  most  kindly  to  vouchsaf,  as  he 
has  allready  felt  a  good  foundation  by  the  pre- 
mices  of  our  request,  so  also  that  now  he  may 
perceiue,  upon  this  our  reiterated  intercession, 
such  an  encrease  of  Yo"^  grace,  that  at  the  last  he 
may  be  bound  unto  Yo'  Ma*  for  ever  for  an  ac- 


complishm*,  and  as  it  were  for  a  new  Life,  by 
Yo'  munificence  bestowed  on  his  familie.  Anq. 
we  assure  You'  Ma"  that  whatsoever  he  shall  re? 
ceiue  hereupon  of  grace  and  fau'.  That  We  will 
so  accept  of,  that  We  ourselves  will  endau""  upon 
each  occasion  to  deserue  it.  And  he  and  bi^ 
Whole  familie  shall  without  doubt  for  euer  ac? 
knowledge  yo'  grace  by  all  thankfjulnes,  praise, 
obedience,  and  service,  &c.  Giuen  in  our  Camp 
at  Wormdit,  ^  Octob.  1627. 

"  The  King  of  Sweeden  unto  his  most  exc. 
Ma.^  in  the  behalf  of  Pardrig  Ruthen, 
that  he  may  enjoy  the  former  hon" 
and  jdignitie  of  his  predecess',  ^^Oc- 
tober,  1627." 
(Charles  1",  Re^,) 


AN   OXFORD    SQTJIB. 

In  rummaging  the  old  family  papers  of  a  neigh- 
bouring "  Country  Squire,"  I  lately  found  a  large 
collection  pf  literary  MSS.,  in  quantity  and  quality 
amply  sufficient  to  vindicate  the  aacestry  pf  my 
friend  from  the  charge  of  ignorance  and  boorish 
habits  brought  by  a  brilliant  writer  against  the 
country  squires  of  a  former  age.  During  my 
search  the  following  pasquinade  turned  up.  As 
you  have  invited  contributions  pf  university 
squihS)  I  do  not  hesitate  to  send  it  you ;  for  nei- 
ther in  classical  Latinity  nor  racy  humpur  is  it 
inferior  to  any  that, have  yet  appeared  in  your 
columns.  There  are  evidently  paany  sly  and 
happy  hits  at  personal  character  and  history  to 
which  we  need  the  key,  though  they  almost  tell 
their  own  tale.  All  Souls,  as  usual  in  more  mo- 
dern days,  comes  in  for  its  full  share  of  envious 
satire.  It  will  be  seen  that  the  squib  is  in  the 
form  of  a  letter,  assumed  to  be  written  by  Ma- 
thew  Hole,  rector  of  Exeter  College,  a  divine  of 
some  eminence,  to  Sir  Hans  Sloane,  with  an  ac- 
count of  the  reception  given  by  the  university  to 
a  Norwegian  o^vl  presented  to  them  by  the  great 
naturalist. 

As  to  its  date.  Sir  Hans  Sloane  was  elected 
President  of  the  College  of  Physicians  in  1719; 
Bernard  Gardiner  was  Warden  pf  All  Souls  from 
1702  to  1726.  Between  1719  and  1726,  then,  this 
effusion  was  put  forth. 

I  send  it  literatim  as  I  find  it ;  though  there  are 
a  few  palpable  clerical  errors,  which  I  have  been 
almost  tempted  to  cprrect.  L.  B.  L. 

•'  Viro  insignissimo  necnon  Putrono  ac  Benefactori  munijir 
centis-mno  Domino  Hans  Shane,  Equiti  aurato  CoUegii 
medicorum  inter  Londinenses  Prxsidi,  &fc. 

"  Domine, 
"  Bubonem  Norvegensera,  pignus    amoris   tui,-  avem 
perraram  perpujchramque,  in  quam  tota  stupet  Academi^, 
lEeti  accepimus  incolumem  ac  sanam.      Per  me  igitur 


102 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  32.,  Aug.  9.  '56. 


gratiap  quam  maximas  rependit  Venerabilis  Domus  Con- 
vocationis,  quae  mihi  in  mandata  dedit  ut  gratias  hasce 
celeriter  et  sine  mora  rependerem,  ne  ingrati  animi  nota 
inureretur  nobis,  neve  ignorare  videamur  quanti  pretii 
tarn  insigne  beneficium  ffistimari  debet. 

"  Edwardus  Whistler,  legatus  academicus,  mihique  con- 
sanguineus  (utpote  uxor  illius  eandem  matrem,  licet  di- 
versum  patrem,  cum  mea  uxore  jactat)  jussu  meo  ad 
vicum  rusticum,  vulgo  vocatum  Wheatly,  fecit  iter,  ut 
ibi  praestolaretur  advenlum  Bubonis,  eamque  ad  Oxoniam 
deduceret  prima  nocte,  sine  ullo  tubarum  aut  Tympa- 
norum  strepitu,  et,  si  fieri  potuit,  private  fallentique 
mode:  Cavere  enim  necesse  esse  duxi,  ut  nullam  moles- 
tiam  facesserent  Eeginae  avium  vel  lascivi  Juvenes  vel 
profanum  Vulgus ;  utque  nihil  accideret  per  quod  fieret 
publica;  perturbatio  pacis,  pulsante  Thoma  Ciusio,  ipse 
cum  caeteris  Collegiorum  prafectis  primum  salutavimus 
Bubonem  in  hospitio  meo.  Avem  discumbere  fecimus 
super  mollem  lecticam  juxta  focillum,  in  eodem  lecto 
quotidie  requiescit,  somno  ac  cibo  potuque  parum  indi- 
gent, et  vitam  agens  vere  collegialem. 

Postero  die  quam  Bubo  est  in  gremium  Almae  Matris 
Academise  recepta,  convenerunt  apud  Golgotha  singuli 
Collegiorum  ac  Aularum  praefectus,  ut  novo  hospiti  hos- 
pitium  assignarent,  deliberarentque  qualem  victum  cul- 
tumque  prsestare  ei  par  esset. 

"In  hoc  venerabili  concessu  ipse  pro  more  primus  surrexi 
et  sequentia  verba  feci. 

"  Insignissimi  Doctores,  Vosque  egregii  Procuratores. 

"  Est  mihi  placens  uxor,  sunt  etiam  quamplurima  mu- 
nera  h  me  volente,  nolente,  obeunda,  quae  atram  caliginem 
obducunt  diei,  quae  noctes  insomnes  reddunt.  Quando- 
quidem  ita  se  res  habet,  etiam  atque  etiam  a  vobis, 
Fratres  fraterrimi,  rogo,  ut  Bubo,  quae  mihi  '  sollicitae 
jiicunda  oblivia  vitae '  suppeditabit,  quaeque  curis  domes- 
ticis  gravatae  innocuum  movebit  risum,  et,  me  absente, 
meas  vices  gerat,  ut  haec  optatissima  Bubo,  inquam, 
inter  domesticos  meos  adsciscatur,  mihique  perpetuus  fiat 
liospes ;  Verumenimvero  si  huic  venerando  CcBtui  secus 
statuere  in  hac  re  visum  fueritj  tamen  sorte  mea  con- 
tentus  abibo,  memet  paratum  praestabo  publicae  voci 
assentiri,  atque  viris  parere  quorum  sententia  nunquam 
sortilegis  discrepuit  Delphis. 

"Sic  fatus  resedebam,  et  protinus  'D'  D'  Delaune, 
reverendus  Sanctl  Johannis  Baptiste  praeses  surrexit, 
dixitque. 

"  Insignissime  Vice  Cancellarie. 
"De  via  recta  devius  aberras:  non  ea  mens,  non  id 
propositum  fuit  a  Domino  H.  Sloane,  ut  Bubo  senesceret 
ad  instar  fratris  nostri  Matthei  Hole,  intra  Collegii  pa- 
rietes,  donee  procumberet  a  Lethi  jactu  ictus ;  sed  data 
est  avis  ut  enecaretur,  coquereturque,  nobisque  exquisi- 
tissimas  praeberet  dapes.  Mihi  enim  credite  (vel  si  fides 
mihi  parum  sit  adhibenda)  credite  Plinio,  qui  in  Naturali 
sua  historia  apertfe  profitetur  carnem  Bubonis  esse  sapore 
praestantissimum,  et  omni  alii  cibo  longfe  anteponendum. 

"  Crastino  igitur  die  iterum  conveniamus  apud  hospitia 
Domini  Vice  Cancellarii,  ibique  assata  bubone  epulemur, 
et  saluti  Domini  Hans  Sloane  propinemus  Gallicum 
Vinum  eo  modo  quo  par  est,  vel  potius  sine  ullo  modo  vel 
mensura, 

"Domino  Doctori  Delaune  respondit  Dominus  Doctor 
Dobson  Collegii  Trinitatis  Praeses  laudatissimus,  et  se- 
quentem  orationem  habuit. 

"  Non  assentior  tibi  Domine  Doctor ;  est  enim  adagium 
satis  notum,  'si  me  ames,  ama  etiam  canem  meum;" 
quod  si  canis  est  magistri  gratia  amandus,  ita  debes 
ratioci_nari.  Si  colis  Dominum  H.  Sloane  colenda  est, 
etiam  Bubo  ejus;  jam  vero  si  pectore  homicidali  avem 
mactemus  et  devoremus,  ipse  Dominus  Hans  Sloane  me- 


tuat  ne  eadem  sors  ei  contingat,  si  quando  intra  limites 
academiae  fuerit  deprehensus.  Quocirch,  ab  hoc  sanguiiio- 
lento  proposito  vestras  cohibete  manus,  et  aliquod  melius 
inter  nos  ineamus  Consilium. 

"  Relapso  in  sedem  suam  Dominus  Doctor  Dobson,  sese 
ad  eloquendum  accinxit  D»  D""  Holland  Collegii  Merton- 
ensis  Gustos,  atque  ita  est  exorsus. 

"  Si  quid  est  in  me  ingenii,  Judices,  quod  vos  scntitis 
quam  sit  exiguum,  aut  si  quae  exercitatio  dicendi  in  qua 
me  non  inficior  mediocriter  esse  versatum,  earum  rerum 
omnium  vel  in  primis  haec  Bubo  fructum  a  me  repetere 
propesuojure  debet.  In  medium  igitur  proferam  quod 
mens  in  pectoribus  suadet  in  hoc  solenni  negotio  esse 
faciendum,  quodque  et  vobis  et  toti  academiae  (cui  Deus 
sit  semper  propitius)  maximfe  in  Gloriae  et  Laudis  pereni- 
tatem  cedat.  Hortum  Botannicum  supereminent  aedes  in 
hospitium  Professoris  nostri  Botannici  exstructse,  quae 
amanum  hunc  Hortum,  omni  genere  leguminis  olerisque 
consitum,  grato  et  ridenti  aspectant  vultu.  In  hisce 
aedibus  cohabitet  Bubo,  unk  cum  Botannico  Professore, 
qui  ave  (quod  absit)  wgrotante,  ei  opem  prsesentem  ferat, 
reducatque  ad  integram  sanitatem  arte  sua  vere  Apol- 
linea.  Ne  vero  Professor  ipse,  qui  Bubonis  curae  nullo  non 
tempore  totus  vacabit,  damnum  vel  minimum  sentiat  in 
praxi  medicinali,  solvatur  ei  obolus  quadransve  a  singulis 
qui  Bubonem  visendi  causa  Botannicum  frequentabunt 
hortum.  Huic  larga  excrescent  emolumenta  quae  egregii 
Professoris  fidelitatem  et  curam  abundfe  remunerabunt 
suppeditabuntque  non  solum  et  illi  et  Buboni  victum 
competentem,  veriim  etiam  quicquid  horum  animantium 
desiderat  Vita. 

"  Hanc  orationem  vix  peroraverat  D'  D""  Holland,  cum 
D»  D''  Gardner  Collegii  Omnium  Animarum  Gustos  emi- 
nentissimus  valde  mutatus  de  sede  prosiluit,  et  hasce 
iratas  voces  contra  Hollandum  projecit. 

"Tace  Circuliuncule,  tace  inquam,  Ego  assatam  Bu- 
bonem comedere  cum  D.  Delaune  mallem,  vel  crudam  et 
plumatam  avem  protinus  deglutire  quam  cum  fatuo  Doc- 
tore  Holland  suffragan  ut  Bubo  apud  Hortum  Botannicum 
asservetur  ibique  publicum  spectaculuni  fiat ;  Nemo  enim 
nescit  socios  meos  ea  esse  ignava  atque  nugaci  indole 
praeditos,  ut  si  perpetuus  ingressus  pateret,  perpetui  eva- 
derent  Buboni  Comites.  In  sacello  ita,  nee  non  in  Biblio- 
theca  ac  in  toto  Collegio  meo  foret  infrequentia  summa, 
rueret  Disciplina,  ruerent  Exercitia,  ruerent  Artes;  at 
tales  minas  avertat  Coelum,  aut  hiec  mea  avertet  Dextra. 
"  Sic  fatus  anhelans  recumbit  surrexitque  D"  Dj  Gibson 
Collegii  Regalis  Praepositus  acutissimus  qui  h»c  en-ca  nre- 
poevra  irpoo'evSa, 

"D'Dr  Gardner! 

"  Quare  tam  iracundus,  tam  ferox,  et  tarn  contumeliosus 
es  in  bonum  nostrum  fratrem  D^^  Hollandum?  profecto 
tuus  vultus  magis  rabidus  et  magis  Iruculentus  apparet, 
quam  caput  apri  illius  quem  pauper  puer  de  meo  collegio 
trucidavit  decollavitque  unico  armatus  Aristotelis  libro — 
Dico  autem  tibi,  quod  ni  tu  malus  esses  Gubernator, 
nullam  causam  haberes  trepidandi  de  sociis  tuis.  Sis  tu 
igitur  mihi  sirailis,  et  tui  socii  erunt  similes  meis,  quos 
libera  permittam  Bubonem  visere  toties  quoties  volunt. 

"  Ad  hiBC  verba  raptim  surrexit  Dominus  Doctor  Gard- 
ner, etlaevamanu  prelienso  Domini  Doctoris  Gibson  jugulo, 
dextra  comminuisset  eum,  ni  Bedellus  Theologiae  eo  in- 
stanti  intrasset,narrassetque  Bubonem  ita  male  se  habere, 
ut  respueret  Escam  e  manibus  uxoris  meae.  Hoc  audito 
singuli  Prsefectus  festinantes  domum  se  receperunt  ut 
quisque  a  Collegio  suo  ablegaret  medicum  qui  aegrotie 
Buboni  opem  pro  viribus  ferret.  Ipse  vero,  monitu  Doc- 
toris Skippen,  tequm  esse  censui  ad  te  de  rebus  hodie  inter 
nos  gestis  scriptitare,  simulque  humiliter  petere  ut  nobis 
quamprimum  prascipias  quid  in  hisce  arduis  negotiis 
agendum  sit.    Hoc  igitur  in  praecordiis  persuasum  habe 


2»«»  S.  No  32.,  Aug.  9.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


103 


me  paratissimum  esse  tua  exequi  mandata,  et  metnet 
praestare  nullo  non  tempore  cum  omni  cultu  et  grati- 
tudine.    Tuum  servum  fidelissimum  humillimum." 


PREMATUBE   INTEEMENTS,    ETC. 

The  twenty-three  years'  experience  of  the 
worthy  gravedigger  of  Bath  (see  "N.  &  Q.," 
1''  S.  viii.  6.  205.),  to  the  effect  that  in  the  course 
of  decomposition  the  face  of  every  individual  turns 
to  the  earth,  proves  too  much  for  the  supposition, 
which,  had  the  instances  been  less  universal, 
might  have  been  held  sufficiently  explanatory, 
that  premature  interments,  the  result  of  undue 
haste  and  culpable  carelessness  or  ignorance  as  to 
the  true  signs  of  death,  had  been  the  cause  of  the 
phenomenon.  Newspaper  paragraphs,  headed 
"  Buried  alive !  "  appear  at  intervals  sufficiently 
brief  to  keep  the  frightful  possibility  of  such  an 
occurrence  vivid  in  the  imagination  ;  and  the  his- 
toric cases  in  proof  are  too  numerous  and  well- 
authenticated  to  need  citation  or  inquiry.  The 
ancients,  as  is  well  known,  instituted  their  con- 
clamatio,  and  other  precautions  to  prevent  this 
most  horrible  of  fates,  and  all  tourists  are  aware 
of  the  careful  provisions  made  at  the  present  day 
in  the  cemeteries  of  Germany  to  avoid  the  possi- 
bility of  premature  interment.  The  tender  Juliet 
soliloquises : 

"  How,  if  when  I  am  laid  into  the  tomb 
I  wake    ..... 
there's  a  fearful  point ! " 

and  how  prevalent  is  such  a  fear  we  may  gather 
from  the  number  of  the  instances  in  which  men 
have  requested,  that,  before  the  last  offices  are 
done  for  them,  such  wounds  or  mutilations  should 
be  inflicted  upon  their  bodies,  as  should  effectually 
prevent  the  possibility  of  an  awakening  in  the 
tomb.  So  in  the  case  of  a  well-known  antiquary 
and  lover  of  books  : 

"  The  late  Francis  Douce  requested  in  his  will,  that  Sir 
Anthony  Carlisle,  the  surgeon,  should  sever  his  head  from 
his  body,  or  take  out  his  heart,  to  prevent  the  return  of 
vitality.  His  old  friend,  and  co-residuary  legatee,  Mr. 
Kerrick,  had  also  requested  the  same  operation  to  be  per- 
formed in  the  presence  of  his  son."  —  T.  F.  Dibdin's  Lit. 
Item.,  vol.  ii.  p.  777. 

In  France  especially,  premature  interments 
seem  to  have  been  formerly  startlingly  numerous, 
and  the  subject  has  at  times  excited  great  in- 
terest. Bruhier  has  collected  and  classified  no 
less  than  180  cases,  many  of  which  were  doubtless 
attributable  to  hospital  negligence.  Twenty  years 
ago  M.  Manni,  Professor  in  the  University  at 
Rome,  placed  the  sum  of  1500  francs  at  the  dis- 
posal of  the  Academy  of  Sciences,  for  the  best 
treatise  on  the  signs  of  death,  and  the  means  to 
prevent  premature  interment.  This  premium  was 
not  adjudicated  till  1846,  when  the  following  me- 
moir was  considered  to  merit  its  bestowal : 


"Traits  des  Signes  de  la  Mort,  et  des  Moyens  de 
pr^venir  les  Enterrements  prematures.  Par  E.  Bouchut. 
Paris :  Bailli^re,  1849." 

This  is  the  best  treatise  we  have  on  the  subject. 
A  well  written  little  book  has  more  recently  ap- 
peared : 

"  The  Medical  Aspects  of  Death :  and  the  Medical  As- 
pects of  the  Human  Mind.  By  James  Bower  Harrison, 
&c.    London:  12mo.,  1852."     ^ 

For  the  behoof  of  those  who  may  take  an  in- 
terest in  this  horrible  subject,  and  wish  to  investi- 
gate it  for  themselves,  I  append  the  titles  of  a  few 
volumes  in  my  collection  : 

"  Garmanni  (L.  C.  F.)  de  Miraculis  Mortuorum,  lib.  iii. 
quibus  praemissa  Dissertatio  de  Cadavere  et  Rliraculis  in 
Genere,  Opus  physico-medicum.    4to.     Dresden,  1709." 

"The  Uncertainty  of  the  Signs  of  Death,  and  the 
Danger  of  Precipitate  Interments  and  Dissections  De- 
monstrated, &c.    2nd  ed.    London,  12mo.,  1751." 

"  Observations  on  Apparent  Death  from  Drowning, 
Hanging,  Suffocation  by  Noxious  Vapours,  Fainting  Fits, 
Intoxication,  Lightning,  Exposure  to  Cold,  &c.  By 
James  Curry,  M.D.,  &c.     London,  8vo.,  1815." 

"  The  Danger  of  Premature  Interment  proved  from 
many  remarkable  Instances  of  Persons  who  have  recovered 
after  being  laid  out  for  Dead.  By  Joseph  Taylor.  12mo. 
1816." 

"  The  Thesaurus  of  Horror ;  or  the  Charnel-House  Ex- 
plored ! !  Being  an  Historical  and  Philanthropical  In- 
quisition made  for  the  quondam  Blood  of  its  Inhabitants! 
By  a  contemplative  descent  into  the  untimelj'  grave! 
Shewing,  by  a  number  of  awful  facts  that  have  transpired, 
as  well  as  from  philosophical  inquiry,  the  reanimating 
power  of  Fresh  Earth  in  cases  of  Syncope,  &c.,  and  the 
extreme  criminality  of  hasty  Funerals :  with  the  surest 
method  of  escaping  the  ineffable  horrors  of  Premature  In- 
terment ! !  The  frightful  Mysteries  of  the  Dark  Ages 
laid  open,  &c.  By  John  Smart,  ^iKdvOpurroi.  London : 
8vo.    1817." 

Reference  may  also  be  made  to  the  following  : 

"  Encyclopaedia  Londinensis :  sub  voc.  '  Mausoleum,' 
and  '  Reanimation.' " 

"Diet,  de  Me'dicine  et  de  Chirurgie.  Art.  'Inhuma- 
tions precipit^es.' " 

"  Reports  of  the  Royal  Humane  Society  for  1787-8-9, 
p.  77." 

"  Collet's  Relics  of  Literature,  p.  186.' 

"  Granger's  Biog.  Hist,  of  England,  vol.  i.  p.  330." 

I  cannot  more  appropriately  conclude  than  by 
the  transcription,  from  a  magazine  cutting,  of  a 
story,  cognate  in  horror  and  mystery  with  that 
alluded  to  at  the  commencement  of  the  present 
paper ;  soliciting  the  elucidatory  remarks  of  the 
readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  thereto. 

"  Horrible  Phenomena.  —  It  is  not  generally  known, 
that  in  Barbadoes  there  is  a  mysterious  vault,  in  which 
no  one  now  dares  to  deposit  the  dead :  it  is  in  a  church- 
yard near  the  sea-side.  In  1807,  the  first  coflSn  that  was 
deposited  in  it  was  that  of  a  Mrs.  Goddard;  in  1808,  a 
Miss  A.  M.  Chase  was  placed  in  it ;  and  in  1812,  Miss  D. 
Chase.  In  the  end  of  1812,  the  vault  was  opened  for  the 
body  of  the  Hon.  T.  Chase ;  but  the  three  first  coffins 
were  found  in  a  confused  state,  having  been  apparently 
tossed  from  their  places.  Again  was  the  vault  opened  to 
receive  the  body  of  an  infant,  and  the  four  coffins,  all  of 


104 


IfOfES  AKt)  QlfERIES. 


[2n«  S.  No  82.,  Aug.  9,  '56. 


lead,  and  very  heavy,  were  found  iriucli  flistiirbed.  In 
1816,  a  Mr.  Brewster's  body  was  placed  ih  the  vaiilt,  and 
again  great  disorder  was  apparent  amotig  the  cOfiins.  In 
1819,  a  Mr.  Qiarke  was  placed  in  the  vault;  and,  as  bei- 
fore,  the  coflSns  were  in  confusion.  Each  time  that  the 
vault  was  opened,  tiie  cOfflns  Were  replaced  in  their  proper 
situations :  that  is,  three  on  the  ground,  side  by  sidfe,  arid 
the  others  laid  on  them.  The  vault  was  then  regularly 
closed ;  the  door  (a  massive  stonej  which  required  six  or 
seven  men  to  move)  was  cemented  by  masons;  and 
though  the  floor  was  (^j^nd,  there  were  no  marks  of 
footsteps  or  water;  Again  the  vattilt  was  opefted  in  1819. 
Lord  Combermere  was  then  present;  and  the  cofHnswere 
found  thrown  confusedly  about  the  vault  —  some  with 
the  heads  down,  and  others  up.  '  What  could  have  occa- 
sioned this  phenomenon  ?  In  no  other  vault  in  the  island 
has  this  ever  occurred.  Was  it  an  earthquake  which  oc- 
casioned it,  or  the  effects  of  an  inundation  in  the  vault?  ' 
These  were  the  questions  asked  by  a  Barbadoes  journal  at 
the  time,  and  no  one  eoald  afford  a  solution. 

"The  matter  gradually  died  away,  until  the  present 
year,  when,  on  the  16th  of  February,  the  vault  was  again 
opened^  and  all  the  coffins  were  found  thro-kn  about  as 
confusedly  as  before.  A  strict  investigation  took  place, 
and  no  cause  could  be  discovered.  Was  it,  after  all,  that 
the  sudden  bursting  forth  of  noxious  gas  froiii  one  of  the 
coffins  could  have  produced  the  phenomena  ?  If  so,  it  is 
against  all  former  experience;  The  vault  has  been  her- 
metically sealed  again  -^  ■♦rhen  tO  be  re-opened  tfre  caiJliot 
tell. 

"  In  England  there  was  a  parallel  occurrence  to  this, 
some  years  ago,  at  Hauntou  in  Suffolk.  It  is  stated,  that 
6n  opening  a  vault  there,  several  Jeaderi  coffins,  with 
wooden  cases,  which  had  been  fixed  on  biers,  were  fouftd 
displaced,  to  the  great  consterflatiOii  of  thfe  villagef-s.  The 
coffins  were  again  placed  as  before,  aild  the  vault  propferly 
closed,  when  again  another  of  the  family  dyihg,  they 
were  a  second  time  found  displaced ;  and  tWo  years  after 
that,  they  wet'e  not  only  fbtJnd  atU  off  their  bifers^  btit  olie 
coffin  (so  heavy  as  to  rfeqiiirfe  eight  mfen  td  raise  it)  was 
found  on  the  fourth  step  which  Ifed  dd^n  to  the  vaults, 
and  it  seemed  perfectly  certain  that  no  human  htod  bm 
done  this." 

WiiiiiAM  Bates. 

Blrmingiiaih. 


QtJI8QUIX.IN-5!   I.ITERARI>5E   LONDINENSES. 

Under  this  name,  an  unique  and  extraordinary 
collection  has  been  hete  Idtely  fotmed.  Its  ra- 
tionale ■rtras  thd  followiiig  :  —  Siiice  the  year  1838, 
England  has  gone  through  a  number  of  political 
and  soeietary  revulsions,  which  in  some  cases 
assumed  an  important  charactel-— ^for  instahoe,  the 
storming  of  the  soldiers'  station  at  MoinraOuth  ;  the 
extempore  procession  of  40,000  London  prolitaires 
in  the  night  of  June  29^  1848.  These  and  sittiilar 
facts  implied  an  analogous  motion  and  convulsion 
ot  the  public  mind  :  this  again  became  typified 
and  pourtrayed  in  a  niimbeir  of  flying  leaves,  pam- 
phlets^  and  journals,  all  of  the  same  fepheiiieral 
character  as  the  deeds  to  t^hlfch  they  led  hitherto. 
Still,  they  iiil  ^ISO  fdrtn 

"Ihe  very  age  and  body  of  the  tlme<  his  form  and 
pressure." 

Hence,  therefore)  it  had  seettied  advisable  tb 
c&llect  tbtise  strafige  rriemeritos  of  the  titae,  other- 


wise irretrievably  lost.  Evrfen  the  titles  6f  sbihe  of 
them  are  remarkable :  The  Atheist  and  RepuhUcan  ! 
a  penny  periodical,  the  few  numbers  of  which 
were  probably  published  by  some  deluded  journey- 
man who  thought  that  he  had  discovered  these 
mystic  words  of  histttry.  The  late  W.  Hethering- 
ton  (formerly  of  the  Strand)  delighted  in  such 
deep  issues,  by  which  also  he  became  a  bankrupt. 
The  number  of  Social  {Owenite)  and  Chartist  piib- 
licatioiis  and  leaves  is  legion— ; all  which  seemed 
to  be  built  on  sand.  To  say  at  least  100,000Z. 
must  have  been  spent  in  1839  seqq.  in  journals  like 
The  Working  Mans  Friend,  The  Charter,  Sfc. ; 
some  of  which,  like  The  London  Dispatch,  were 
large  weeklies,  in  folio.  The  late  line  of  policy  of 
not  prosecuting  such  publications  has  done  then! 
a  deal  of  harm ;  and  some  of  them  contain  pas- 
sages which  we  would  not  venture  to  reprint  here. 
On  an  equally  untenable  foundation  rest  the  anti^ 
religious,  atheistic  publications  of  that  period — - 
The  07'acles  of  Reason  —  which  only  establish  the 
fact,  that  in  a  huge  community  every  creed  and 
sentiment  will  have  its  abettors,  and  therefore 
organs;  The  collection  also  contains  specimens 
of  all  sorts  of  exploded  journals  and  periodicals,  a 
great  many  in  numbers  (!) ;  data,  however,  for 
the  histoty  of  the  periodical  press  of  England  at 
that  time.  Although  I  have  given  to  the  eollectiori 
a  bud  name,  yet  the  Quisquilince  Literariee  Lon- 
dinenses  will  be  a  fertile  source  for  the  searchers 
into  the  mind  of  the  English  and  Londoti  people 
at  the  period  referred  to  ;  in  fine,  whatever  might 
have  been  right  in  those  exertions,  will  expaiid  in 
future,  according  to  the  axiom  of  the  younger 
Coleridge  : 

"  Whatever  is  to  be — is."  .  ,       . 

Dr<  3.  Lotskt; 
i§.  Qower  Street,  London. 

P;S;-^A  collection  of  the  Vienna  Revolutiori 
prints  of  1848  and  1849,  containing  some  very 
scarce  street  lampoons,  has  been  purchased  by  the 
Berlin  Library. 


^itAj  bt  fttcflAftfi  illflGAfeD. 

The  following  will  may  probably  be  initeresting 
to  some  of  the  readers  of  "N.  &  Q."  Tbe  tes- 
tator was  a  rhan  of  learning  and  reputation,  and 
his  testameht  is  an  extremely  curious  documents 
It  was  proved  in  the  Registry  at  York. 

•'  tteiidihSAiUid  Richdrdi  Lingard  nuper  de  Rismore  in 
regno  Hwernia. 

"  The  plate  alid  furniture  of  the  Chamber,  and  six  scofe 
poufids  in  money,  aS  itt  becomes  due,  1  bequeath  to  my 
sistet;  sind  the  rerhnant  of  that  I  bequeath  to  myselfe. 
For  the  recovery  of  my  right  1  appoint  Captaine  Nicliolas, 
Sir  Francis  Brewstef.  1  desire  to  be  buried  where  the 
parish  of  St.  Andrewe's  sdall  appoint.  I  desire  the  hun- 
dred pounds  lyeing  in  the  hands  of  Sir  Francis  Brewster 
to  be  left  in  the  hands  of  the  exectitOTs  6f  -WnOme  hee 


2M  S.  N«  32.,  Alja.  9.  '56.] 


NOtE^  AND  QUERIES. 


103 


is  one.  I  desltfe  that  tlie  dbtilor  fellowes  of  the  CoUedge 
shall  have  moitrnfeing  rings.  Mr.  Clarke  of  ClarindoQ 
House,  my  Lord  of  Ormond's  servant,  to  have  twenty 
pounds  as  a  legacy,  and  what  I  owe  him  to  be  paid. 
Fifty  pound  I  leave  Mr.  Roberts.  I  recommend  my  ser- 
vant Arthur  to  the  Deane  of  Corke's  designes.  I  desire 
my  Lord  Chancellor  for  the  recovery  of  those  arreares, 
I  desire  that  twenty  of  my  choicest  bookes  may  be  given 
to  the  library.  The  rest  I  desire  my  executors  to  dis- 
pose, but  that  my  cozen  John  Piilsent  shall  chuse  a 
third  part.  My  watch  and  thirty  pounds  to  be  given 
to  Mr.  Story.  To  my  servant  Arthur  twenty  pounds 
and  mourning ;  and  to  Patrick  tenn  pounds  and  mourn- 
ing. I  desire  that  Mr.  Ward  msty  be  joined  with  Mr. 
Styles  in  the  disposeing  of  my  bookes.  I  desire  that 
Mr.  Crookes  be  paid,  and  to  hd,ve  a  mourneing  ring.  I 
forgive  Patricke  Sheridan  and  William  Sheridan,  the 
Deanes  of  Dome  (Derry  or  Dromore  ?)  and  Corke,  if  ever 
I  did  them  any  injury. 

"  The  Goods.  —  A  rent  due  to  mee  in  Cumberland 
(vizt.)  a  tenem'ent  in  the  Island  sold  to  George  William- 
son, the  whole  sum  me  of  one  hundred  and  seaventy  five ; 
of  which  I  received  forty  five.  I  beleive  some  money  is 
due  to  mee  in  Cornett  Deanes  hand.  I  desire  my  notes  to 
be  perused  by  Dr.  Styles,  and  not  above  six  of  my 
sermons  to  be  used,  the  rest  to  be  burned.  I  bequeath  to 
the  Provest  twenty  pounds  as  a  symbole  of  my  love. 
Twenty  pounds  to  his  Lady.  I  trust  my  man  Arthur  in 
the  setting  downe  of  these  particiilers,  and  I  allow  this  to 
be  my  hasty  will. 

"Ri.  LiNGARD,  November  the  10th,  1670." 

The  extraordinary  character  of  this  docutaent 
may.  be,  perhaps,  accounted  for  by  the  fblldwing 
memoranduin  which  is  appended  to  the  will : 

"  Memorandum,  that  Mr.  Joice  Scale  and  Arthur  Brinan, 
wittnesses  produced,  sworne,  and  examined,  in  a  cause 
depending  in  his  Majesties  Court  of  Prerogative  concern- 
ing the  profe  of  the  last  will  and  testament  of  Dr.  Richard 
Lingard,  In  speciall  forme  of  law  did  depose  that  Dr. 
Henry  Stiles  w£ls  nominated  by  the  said  Dr.  Richard  Lin- 
gard one  of  his  executors,  but  his  name  was  not  inserted 
in  the  said  will  by  reason  of  the  hast  and  negligence  of 
the  said  Arthur  Brinan  whoe  did  write  the  said  will." 

SOCIUS  DUNELM. 


The  Great  Comet  of  1556.— The  great  comet 
of  1556,  the  probable  return  of  which  in  the 
course  of  the  present  summer,  had  been  predicted 
by  Paul  Frtbricius,  and  more  recently  by  Hel- 
ler, the  Niirnberg  Elstronomer,  as  shown  by  Dr. 
LoTSKT  in  the  last  volume  of  "  N.  &  Q."  (2"'>  S. 
i.  272.  391.)  would  seem  by  The  Times  of  Aug.  5, 
to  have  made  its  re-appearance.  In  the  paper  of 
that  day  is  a  long  extract  from  the  Limerick  Ob- 
server of  the  preceding  Saturday,  from  which  the 
following  ektract  sefems  to  me  to  deserve  trans- 
ferring to  your  columns : 

"  A  gentleinan  of  the  highest  tespectability  has  just 
informed  us  that  he  saw  last  night,  for  the  third  time, 
what  appears  from  his  description  to  be  the  long-ex- 
pected comet  of  1556,  the  te-appearance  of  which  this 
year  has  been  so  long  foretold ;  astronomers,  however, 
guarding  their  calculations  by  the  proviso  that  a-difi'er- 
ence  of  three  j^ears  might  possibly  occur,  although  there 


was  every  reason  to  expect  that  the  great  comet,  which 
takes  three  centuries  tO  comjilete  its  orbit,  would  be 
visible  about  the  month  of  Augdst  1856.  Our  informant 
thus  describes  the  object  which  attracted  his  attention  for 
the  first  time  last  Wednesday  iilght :  —  He  Was  standing 
near  the  salmon-weir,  on  the  platform  before  the  mills  of 
Corbally,  about  half  past  10  o'clock,  when  his  attention 
was  attracted  by  what  appeared  to  be  a  fire  rising  on  the 
top  of  Keeper  mountain,  due  east  of  his  position.  He 
remarked  the  object  to  a  gentleman  who  was  with  him, 
but,  as  the  fire  rose  and  cleared«the  top  of  the  mountain, 
his  friend  suggested  that  it  must  be  a  lanterfa  Suspended 
to  a  kite.  It  had  then  the  appearance  of  a  globe  of  fire 
as  large  as  a  good-sized  orange,  with  a  broad  tail  of  light 
extending  about  l8  inches  from  the  body.  The  two 
gentlemen  watched  it  for  an  hour,  and  the  watchman  on 
the  weir  observed  it  also.  On  Thursday  night  they  all 
saw  it  again.  It  rose  a  few  moments  later,  presenting 
the  same  appearances,  and  was  high  in  the  heavens  at 
half-past  11  t)'clock,  when  they  went  home.  At  that 
hour  one  of  the  gentlemen  pointed  it  out  to  his  sister. 
Last  night,  from  the  same  place,  the  same  persons  again 
saw  it  rise  about  20  minutes  before  11  o'clock,  and  then  it 
first  occurred  to  one  of  them  (our  informant)  that  it 
might  be  a  comet.  He  ceased  to  watch  it  about  midnight, 
but  the  watchman  observed  it  up  to  half-past  1  o'clock 
this  morning.  It  did  not  seem  so  large  as  on  the  previous 
nights,  but  still  far  exceeded  the  most  brilliant  form  in 
which  the  planet  Jupiter  has  ever  been  beheld.  As  the 
greatest  comet  on  record  is  really  due  about  this  time, 
and  as  the  extreme  sultriness  of  the  weather  would  seeiix 
to  warrant  the  belief  that  such  a  celestial  visitor  is  near 
at  hand,  we  shall  be  glad  to  hear  if  any  other  persons 
have  observed  the  appearance  which  has  thrice  risen 
upon  our  astonished  friends." 

R.  R.  S. 

"  Deep-mouthed." — I  have  heard  many  profane 
readers  of  Don  Juan  descant  with  rapture  on  the 
beauty  of  the  lines  (Catito  1,  v.  123.)  : 

"  'Tis  sweet  to  hear  the  watch-dog's  honest  bark. 
Bay  deep-mouthed  welcome  as  we  draw  near  home." 

The  epithet  deep-mouthed,  as  applied  to  the 
watch-dog's  bark  of  welcome,  being  especially 
designated  as  "  fine."  And  fine  it  is  ;  but  Byron 
found  it  in  Shakspeare  and  in  Goldsmith,  and  1 
dare  say  in  many  places  else  : 

<*  And  couple  Clowder  with  the  deep-lhouthed  bracb.'* 
Taming  of  the  ^hrew,  Introduction,  Sc.  1. 

•'  The  laborers  of  the  day  were  all  retired  to  rest :  the 
lights  were  out  in  every  cottage ;  no  sounds  were  heard 
but  of  the  shrilling  cock,  and  the  deep-mouthed  watch- 
dog at  hollow  distance."  —  Vicar  of  Wakefield,  ch.  xxii; 

A  Dbsdltoet  Rbadbb. 
Jersfey. 

Last  Words  of  the  Great.  —  A  collection  of  thd 
last  words  of  great  and  famous  men  would,  I  ven- 
ture to  suggest,  be  interesting,  and  not  unfit  for 
the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  I  beg  to  annex  a  few 
such  dying  speeches,  each  eminently  characteristic, 
it  will  be  seen,  of  the  several  men : 

"  Head  of  the  army."    (Napoleon.) 

"  I  must  sleep  now."    (Byron.) 

"  Let  the  light  enter."    (Goethe.) 

« 1  thank  God  I  havfe  done  my  duty."    (Nelson.) 


106 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


L2nd  s.  No  32.,  Aug.  9.  '56. 


"It  is  well."     (Washington.) 
«  Valete  et  Plaudite ! "    (Augustus.) 
"  Give  DayroUes  a  chair."    (Chesterfield.) 
"  It  matters  little  how  the  head  lieth."     (Raleigh.) 
« I'm  shot  if  I  don't  believe  I'm  dying."    (Thurlow.) 
"  God  preserve  the  Emperor ! "    (Haydn.) 
"  Be  serious."    (Grotius.) 
"  The  artery  ceases  to  beat."    (Haller.) 
«  What,  is  there  no  bribing  Death  ?  "    (Cardinal  Beau- 
fort.) 
"I  have  loved  God,  my  father,  and  liberty."     (De 

Stael.) 
"  I  pray  you,  see  me  safe  up,  and  for  my  coming  down, 

let  me  shift  for  myself."     (Sir  Thomas  More.) 
"  Don't  let  that  awkward  squad  fire  over  my  grave." 

(Burns.) 
"  A  dying  man  can  do  nothing  easy."     (Franklin.) 
"  Let  me  die  to  the  sounds  of  delicious  music."    (Mira- 

beau.) 
"  We  are  all  going  to  heaven,  and  Vandyke  is  of  the 
company."     (Gainsborough.) 

Some  of  your  correspondents,  I  have  no  doubt, 
could  greatly  enlarge  this  collection.       H.  E.  W. 
York. 

A  Real  "  Skimpole:'  —  The  tales  of  Charles 
Dickens  are  distinguished  for  queer  characters 
with  queer  names.  Some  of  his  critics  have  said 
that  such  names  and  such  characters  never  ex- 
isted. However,  in  a  former  number  of  "  N.  & 
Q.,"  "■  an  attempt  was  made  to  trace  the  cogno- 
mina  of  some  of  the  Pickwickians  to  a  book  of  a 
very  different  kind,  the  Annual  Register. 

If  it  be  true  that  the  novelist  borrows  his  proper 
names  from  books,  may  he  not  be  indebted  to  the 
same  sources  for  at  least  the  elements  of  his 
characters  ?  In  reading  Marmontel's  Memoirs, 
I  have  stumbled  upon  what  seems  to  me  the  very 
prototype  of  Harold  Skimpole  in  Bleak  House. 
The  biographer  is  describing  a  pair  of  worthies 
called  Galet  and  Panard.     Of  the  latter  he  says : 

"  Le  bon  homme  Panard,  aussi  insouciant  que  son  ami, 
aussi  oublieux  du  passe  et  negligent  de  I'avenir,  avoit 
plutot  dans  son  infortune  la  tranquillite  d'uu  enfant,  que 
I'indifFerence  d'un  philosophe.  Le  soin  de  se  nourrir,  de 
se  loger,  de  se  vetir,  ne  le  regardoit  point :  c'etoit  I'affaire 
de  ses  amis,  et  il  en  avoit  d'assez  bons  pour  meriter  cette 
confiance,"  &c.  —  Memoires  de  Marmontel,  livre  vi. 

'  All  he  (Skimpole)  asked  of  society  was  to  let  him  live. 
That  wasn't  much.  His  wants  were  few.  Give  him  the 
papers,  conversation,  music,  mutton,  coffee,  landscape, 
fruit  in  the  season,  a  few  sheets  of  Bristol-board,  and  a 
little  claret,  and  he  asked  no  more.  He  was  a  mere  child 
in  the  world,  but  he  did  not  cry  for  the  moon.  He  said 
to  the  world, '  go  your  several  waj'S  in  peace,  ....  only 
let  Harold  Skimpole  live ! ' 

"  All  this,  and  a  great  deal  more,  he  told  us  with  a 
certain  vivacious  candour,  speaking  of  himself  as  if  it  were 
not  at  all  his  own  atfair,"  &c.  —  Bleak  House,  pp.  49,  50. 

F. 

Passage  in  "  The  Widkirh  Miracles." — In  The 
History  of  Dramatic  Poetry,  Mr.  Collier  quotes 
that  remarkable  farce  which  forms   the  twelfth 

•  1»'  S.  xi.  443. 


pageant  of  the  Widkirk  Series  of  Miracles  at  con- 
siderable length,  and  helps  the  reader  by  eluci- 
datory notes.  In  the  course  of  the  play  the 
following  passage  occurs  : 

"  Whilk  catell  bot  this 
Tame  nor  wylde 
None,  as  have  I  blys, 
As  lowde  as  hesmylde." 

To  which  Mr.  Collier  appends  this  note  : 

"  This  is  one  of  the  expressions  I  am  unable  to  inter- 
pret. Possibly  we  should  read  '  as  lewde  as  he  smelde,' 
i.  e.  as  wicked  as  he  smelt.'  " 

May  not  the  following  provincialism  throw  some 
light  on  this  obscure  phrase?  Something  more 
than  a  month  ago,  I  overheard  part  of  a  conver- 
sation in  a  street  of  a  midland  town.  The  inter- 
locutors were  labourers;  and  their  subject,  the 
one  theme  of  the  day,  Palmer's  trial.  The  one 
having  dwelt  upon  the  difficulties  of  conviction, 
the  other  replied :  "  I'll  never  believe  he's  not 
guilty ;  his  life  stinks  aloud  of  murder."  I  at 
once  thought  of  this  passage,  and  made  a  note  for 
reference,  having  never  before  heard  the  phrase 
used  in  this  manner  ;  although  "  aloud"  is  the  ad- 
verb generally  used  by  the  uneducated  of  this 
district  to  strengthen  very  emphatically  the  verb 
"  to  stink." 

I  suppose  the  line  quoted  to  be  correct  as  it 
stands,  "lowde"  being  the  true  reading.  And  in 
accordance  with  the  first  use  of  the  words,  the 
passage  would  mean  "  strong  as  were  the  suspi- 
cions attending  Mak's  conduct,  he  does  not  appear 
to  be  guilty."  Or  accepting  the  more  common, 
and  less  metaphorical  use  of  the  phrase,  "  though 
the  smell  of  slaughtered  meat  in  Mak's  cottage 
was  very  strong,"  we  can't  find  any.  C.  M. 

Leicester. 

Dr.  Forster  on  Periodical  Meteors.  —  Can  you 
find  space  for  the  following  extract  from  The 
Times  of  Tuesday  the  5th  ?  It  forms  a  part  of  a 
letter  calling  the  attention  of  astronomers  and 
meteorologists  to  the  probability  that  Sunday 
next,  the  10th  August,  will  be  marked  by  an  un- 
usual number  of  those  remarkable  meteors  which 
caused  that  day  to  be  called  "  dies  meteorosa  "  in 
the  old  calendars;  and  records  the  writer's  cor- 
rection of  what  he  believes  an  erroneous  opinion 
formerly  advanced  by  him  as  to  their  origin. 

"As  I  was  the  first  person  who  called  the  attention  of 
astronomers  to  the  apparently  planetoid  and  periodical 
nature  of  the  meteors  of  the  10th  of  August  and  13th  of 
November,  in  a  paper  in  the  Philosophical  Magazine,  as 
long  ago  as  1824,  I  think  it  right  and  honest  now  to  de- 
clare that  I  was  wrong  in  then  supposing  that  these 
bodies  might  have  revolving  periods.  I  am  convinced  hy 
all  my  subsequent  observations  that  they  are  either  mere 
electrical  phenomena,  as  Pliny  and  Aratus  thought,  and 
indicate  only  the  autumnal  fall  of  temperature,  or  else 
that  they  are  columns  of  inflammable  vapour  set  on  fire 
iu  the  higher  regions  of  the  air,  as  M.  De  Luc  used  to 


2n<»  S.  No  32.,  Aug.  9.  '56.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


107 


think,  and  which  he  has  illustrated  in  his  works  on  '  M^- 
te'orologie.'  The  question  may  be  solved  if  meteorologists 
will  take  the  trouble  of  making  accurate  observations  on 
Saturday,  Sunday,  and  Monday  next,  when,  judging  from 
former  experience,  these  meteors  may  be  expected  in 
great  numbers.  With  this  view,  I  hope  your  valuable 
journal  will  be  the  means  of  calling  the  attention  of  ob- 
servers to  this  approaching  phenomenon  all  over  the 
world.  "  T.  FoKSTEE. 

"  Brussels,  August  3." 

By-the-bye,  is  not  the  writer,  Dr.  Forster,  the 
author  of  the  curious  Floral  Works  described  in 
"  N.  &  Q ,"  P*  S.  ix.  569.,  X.  108.,  and  by  some  of 
your  contributors  supposed  to  be  dead  ? 

R.  R.  S. 


^utvitS. 


ME.  PATRICK  o'kELLY,  THE   IRISH  BARD. 

I  have  just  made  a  careful  examination  of  four 
different  editions  of  the  poems  published  under 
the  name  of  this  individual.     First : 

"  Killamey,  a  descriptive  Poem,  by  Pat.  O'Kelly.  'Ah ! 
sure  no  Pencil  can- like  Nature  paint.'  Tompson.  Dublin : 
printed  for  the  author  by  P.  Hoey,  No.  33.  Upper  Ormond 
Quay,  1791."    Pp.  136. 

In  this  collection  we  have  "  Killamey,  and  Po- 
etical Miscellanies.'  Second :  The  edition  of 
1824,  pp.  110  (the  copy  I  saw  had  no  title-page), 
which  contains  "  The  Ronian  Kaliedoscope,  the 
Eldophusicon,  the  Manoscope,  the  Eidouranium, 
the  Deodad,"  &c.  &c.     Third  : 

"  The  Hippacrene ;  a  collection  of  Poems  by  Patrick 
O'Kelly,  Esq.    •  Exegi  monumentum  aere  perennius.' 

'  E'en  Magerton  himself  shall  pass  away, 
Ere  the  production  of  the  Muse  decay.' 

Dublin:  F.  and  T.  Courtney,  Printers,  18.  Whitefriars 
Street,  1831."    Pp.  128. 

In  this  we  find  several  of  his  old  pieces  repub- 
lished, with  some  novelties.  Among  the  last  the 
"  Lines  to  a  Plagiarist,  or  the  Daw  deplumed," 
deserves  particular  attention.  We  quote  the 
opening  lines  : 

"  Hail  Mickey  Carty  !  !  Prince  of  Pirates  hail ! 
Hail  pedmit  poetaster  of  Kinsale ; 
Hail  poacher  pedagogue  !  and  once  more  hail 
Prime  peerless  plagiarist  of  poor  Kinsale  !  ! 
Proud,  perking  Daw,  the  peacock's  painted  tail 
Lent  plumes  to  deck  the  chatt'rer  of  Kinsale  !  ! 
Poor  purblind,  putid  pseudo-poet  tell 
Do  Giants'  garbs  suit  puny  pigmies  well  ?  "  &c.  &c. 

Third.  A  part  of  a  compilation  of  some  of  the 
old  poems  with  additional  matter,  no  date,  which 
begins  at  page  105,  and  ends  with  page  132. 
From  the  character  of  the  type  used  in  this  edi- 
tion I  should  suppose  it  was  published  subsequent, 
or  at  all  events  but  a  very  few  years  previous,  to 
the  edition  of  1831  just  noticed. 

To  return  to  the  edition  of  1824.  In  this  we 
find  the  following  poem  (page  45)  : 


"  The  Simile, 
Written  on  the  beautiful  beach  of  Lehinch,  in  the  county 
of  Clare :  this  romantic  spot,  so  long  admired  by  many,  is 
the  property  of  Andrew  Stackpool,  Esquire. 

"This  erudite  gentleman  is  admired  by  a  numerous 
circle  of  friends,  and  caressed  by  a  grateful  tenantry, 
being  one  of  the  most  lenient  landlords  in  this  land  of 
aristocratic  peculation." 

"  My  life  is  like  the  Summer  Rose 
That  opens  to  the  morning  sky, 
But  ere  the  shade  of  evening  close 
Is  scatter'd  on  the  ground  to  die. 

"  But  on  the  Rose's  humble  bed 
The  sweetest  dews  of  night  are  shed : 
As  if  she  wept  such  waste  to  see, 
But  who  ?  alas  !  shall  weep  for  me  ? 

"  My  life  is  like  the  autumn  leaf 
That  trembles  in  the  noon's  pale  ray ; 
Its  hold  is  frail  —  its  date  is  brief, 
Restless,  and  soon  to  pass  away : 

"  Yet  ere  that  leaf  shall  fall  and  fade 
The  parent  tree  shall  mourn  its  shade  ! 
The  winds  bewail  the  leafless  tree ; 
But  who  shall  then  bewail  for  me  ? 

"  My  life  is  like  the  print  which  feet 
Have  left  on  Lehinch  desert  strand : 
Soon  as  the  rising  tide  shall  beat, 
The  track  shall  vanish  from  the  sand : 

"  Yet,  as  if  grievous  to  efface 
The  vestige  of  the  human  race  ! 
On  that  fond  shore  loud  roars  the  sea ; 
Who,  but  the  Nine,  shall  roar  for  me?  " 

This  poem  also  appears  in  the  edition  without 
date,  page  118,  with  sundry  corrections  and  im- 
provements. 

Now  this  poem,  taken  either  as  it  originally  ap- 
peared, or  as  it  afterwards  was  corrected,  I  have 
good  reasons  to  suppose,  was  pilfered  by  O'Kelly 
from  another.  The  following  lines  were  published 
in  Philadelphia  in  1815  or"l6  (perhaps  some  of 
your  Philadelphia  correspondents  may  help  me  to 
the  title  and  exact  date  of  the  paper  in  which  they 
first  appeared),  with  the  name  of  my  late  father, 
the  Hon.  Richard  Henry  Wilde,  attached  as  the 
author  of  them : 

"  My  life  is  like  the  summer  rose 
That  opens  to  the  morning  sky, 
And  ere  the  shades  of  evening  close 
Is  scattered  on  the  ground  to  die. 
Yet  on  that  rose's  humble  bed 
The  softest  dews  of  night  are  shed, 
As  if  she  wept  such  waste  to  see  — 
But  none  shall  drop  one  tear  for  me  ! 
"  My  life  is  like  the  autumn  leaf 
That  trembles  in  the  moon's  pale  ray ; 
It's  hold  is  frail  —  it's  date  is  brief. 
Restless,  and  soon  to  pass  away ; 
Yet  when  that  leaf  shall  fall  and  fade 
The  parent  tree  will  mourn  its  shade. 
The  wind  bewail  the  leafless  tree, 
But  none  shall  breathe  a  sigh  for  me  ! 
"  My  life  is  like  the  print,  which  feet 
Have  left  on  Sampa's  desert  strand, 
Soon  as  the  rising  tide  shall  beat, 
Their  track  will  vanish  from  the  sand ; 


108 


NOTBJS  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°^  S.  No  32.,  Acq.  9.  '6§, 


Yet  as  if  grieving  to  efface 

All  vestige  of  the  human  race, 

On  that  lone  shore  loud  moans  the  sea, 

But  none  shall  thus  lament  for  me  ! " 

I  have  been  furnished  with  the  character  of 
Mr.  O'Kelly  by  my  friend  R.  Shelton  Mackenzie, 
Esq.,  of  New  York,  who  knew  him.  If  anything 
is  wanting  to  this,  I  have  it  in  the  poet's  edition 
of  his  works,  without  date,  page  131,  where  I  find 
a  poem  entitled  "  The  Tear,"  precisely  similar 
(excepting  some  few  corrections  necessary  in 
making  the  appropriation)  to  a  piece  of  the  same 
name  written  by  the  late  Tom  Moore.  To  this 
poem  O'Kelly  has  had  the  impudence  to  affix  a 
date  — 1768  —  twelve  years  before  Moore  was  horn! 

Mr.  Crofton  Croker  in  his  Popular  Songs  of 
Ireland,  p.  184.,  mentions  two  editions  of  O'Kelly's 
poems  between  1791  and  1824.  An  edition  of 
1808,  entitled  — 

"  Poems  on  the  Giant's  Gauaeway  and  Killarney,  with 
other  Miscellanies  "  — 

and  an  edition  of  1812,  which  contained  "  The 
Eudoxologist,  or  an  Ethicographical  Survey  of  the 
West  Parts  of  Ireland."  In  the  first  of  these  edi- 
tions appeared  that  elegant  effusion,  "  The  Litany 
of  Doneraile,"  which  I  find  is  repeated  in  the 
edition  without  date,  page  116.  I  quote  the 
opening  of  this  piece : 

"Alas!  how  dismal  is  my  tale, 
I  lost  my  watch  in  Doneraile ; 
My  Dublin  watch,  my  chain  and  seal, 
Pilfer'd  at  once  in  Doneraile. 
May  Fire  and  Brimstone  never  fail 
To  fall  in  show'rs  on  Doneraile ; 
May  all  the  leading  fiends  assail 
The  thieving  town  of  Doneraile,"  &c.  &c. 

Now  the  object  of  this  Note  is  to  ascertain  when 
O'Kelly  first  published  the  poem  entitled  "  The 
Simile  "  as  his  own.  I  have  not  been  able  to  trace 
it  in  his  works  beyond  1824.  Will  some  of  your 
correspondents  who  have  the  editions  mentioned 
by  Mr.  Croker,  or  other  editions  of  O'Kelly's 
Works,  be  good  enough  to  inform  me  on  this  sub- 
ject? William  Gumming  Wilde. 

New  Orleans,  June  28. 


NEW   ENaLAND    QUEKIES. 

A  person  engaged  in  the  study  of  the  history  of 
New  England  in  America  would  be  greatly 
obliged  by  information  relating  to  the  following 
matters. 

A  copy  of  the  Records  of  the  Virginia  Company, 
established  in  1606  by  letters  patent  of  James  I., 
was  in  the  hands  of  Stith,  the  historian  of  Vir- 
ginia. It  was  perhaps  the  same  copy  which  is 
mentioned  in  the  Life  of  Nicholas  Ferrar.  Is  the 
original,  or  a  copy  of  those  records,  to  be  found  in 
England  ? 


Is  anything  known  of  the  early  history  of  Ed- 
ward Randolph,  employed  by  the  British  govern- 
ment from  1675  to  1684  in  an  agency  for  vacating 
the  charters  of  Massachusetts,  and  afterwards  as 
secretary  and  collector  in  that  colony  ?  He  had, 
perhaps,  been  previously  a  clerk  in  one  of  the 
public  offices  in  London. 

Where  are  the  papers  (if  extant)  of  Sir  Ferdi- 
nando  Gorges,  Governor  of  Plymouth  about  1620, 
described  as  "  Sir  Ferdinando  Gorges,  of  Ashton 
Phillips,  in  Somerset  ?  " 

Does  the  will  of  John  Cabot,  the  voyager  to 
North  America,  exist  in  the  Will  Office  at  Wor- 
cester, or  elsewhere  ? 

Are  there  any  unpublished  materials  of  a  nature 
to  illustrate  the  connexion  of  Sir  Henry  Rogwell, 
of  Ford  Abbey,  with  the  Massachusetts  Com- 
pany ? 

During  the  first  sixty  or^^seventy  years  of  the 
New  England  settlements,  many  conspicuous 
Englishmen  must  have  held  large  correspondence 
with  the  leading  men  of  those  colonies,  the  dis- 
covery of  which  would  be  of  the  highest  historical 
value.  Has  any  such  correspondence  survived  ? 
The  following  names  immediately  occur  in  con- 
nexion with  this  question,  viz.  Richard,  Earl  of 
Warwick,  Lord  Say  and  Sele,  Lord  Brooke,  Sir 
George  Downing,  Sir  Henry  Vane,  Hugh  Peters. 

[In  the  British  Museum  will  be  found  the  following 
MSS.  relating  to  Sir  Ferdinando  Gorges:  "  His  Declara- 
tion, A.D.  1600-1,"  Birch  and  Sloane  MS.  4128;  "An 
Answer  to  certain  Imputations  against  Sir  Ferd.  Gorges, 
as  if  he  had  practised  the  Ruin  of  the  Earl  of  Essex, 
written  in  the  Gatehouse,"  Cotton  MS.  Julius,  F.  VI.  art. 
183 ;  "  Warrants  to  him  from  the  Earl  of  Essex,  Jan. 
1597,"  Addit.  MS.  6752,  ff.  104-110  ;  "  Letter  to  T.  Har- 
riott," Ibid,  6789 ;  "  Letter  to  Sir  J.  Davis,  concerning 
his  Confession,"  a.d.  1603,  Ibid,  6177,  p.  387.  Also, 
"  Papers  relating  to  the  Virginia  Companj',  Jac.  I.,"  and 
"  Notes  by  Sir  J.  Caesar  of  the  Patents  granted  to  the  said 
Companj',"  Jb.  12,496.  "  Forms  of  Patents,  Grants,  &c., 
by  the  Virginian  Company,"  lb.  14,285.  "William 
Strachey :  The  History  of  Travaile  into  Virginia  Britan- 
nica,  expressing  the  Cosmography  and  Commodities  of  the 
Country,  together  with  the  Manners  and  Customs  of  the 
People,  with  several  figures  coloured,"  Birch  and  Sloane 
MS.  1622.  "  Answer  to  Capt.  Nath.  Butler's  unmasked 
face  of  Virginia,  as  it  was  in  the  winter  of  1622,"  Ibid, 
1039.  "  The  Declaration  of  the  People  of  Virginia  against 
Sir  William  Berkeley  and  others,"  Ibid,  4169.] 


Husbands  authorised  to  beat  their  Wives. — There 
exists  what  I  conceive  to  be  a  popular  error, 
namely,  a  belief  that  a  husband  is  by  the  common 
law  of  England  authorised  to  chastise  his  wife  ; 
and  Judge  Buller  is  often  quoted,  ^s  having  given 
it  as  his  judgipent  that  the  husband  is  justified  in 
administering  personal  chastisement  to  his  better 
half,  provided  he  uses  a  gtick  no  thicker  than  his 
little  finger,  or,  as  some  severer  discipliqariaiis 


2'"i  S.  N»  32.,  Ada.  9.  ?§6.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEBIES. 


109 


say,  his   thumb.      Is   there  any  foundation   for 
either  pf  these  statements?  Henpeckej). 

Dr.  Brays  Libraries  in  4^erica,  ^c._ — The 
inquiry  made  throi;gh  your  pages  respecting  pa- 
rochial libraries  in  England,  haying  met  with 
much  attention  from  many  valuable  correspond- 
ents, permit  me  to  extend  the  Query  originally- 
made  in  "  N.  &  Q."  from  England  to  America, 
where,  we  are  informed  *,  Dr.  Bray  "  begun  and 
advanced  libraries  more  or  less  in  all  the  pro- 
vinces on  the  Continent  (of  America),  as  also  in 
the  factories  in  Africa."  Some  of  your  American 
correspondents  will  no  doubt  be  hi^ppy  to  reply  to 
an  inquiry  which  will  show  the  present  state  of 
these  libraries,  and  their  good  effects  in  promoting 
i-eligion  and  learning.  I  find  tlie  following  places 
mentioned  as  having  had  libraries  established  in 
them  by  the  care  and  exertions  of  Dr.  Bray,  who 
received  thanks  on  account  of  them ;  Maryland, 
Boston,  Baintree,  Newfoundland,  Rhode  Island, 
New  York,  Piiiladelphia,  North  Carolina,  Ber- 
mudas, Annapolis,  the  Factories  in  Africa. 

J.  M. 

Oxford. 

"  Antonio  Foscarini.''^  —  Who  is  the  author  of 
Antonio  Foscarini,  a  historical  drama,  published  in 
1836  ?  R.  J. 

James  Stringer. — Could  any  of  your  Cambridge 
readers  give  me  information  regarding  James 
Stringer,  author  of  A  CantaVs  Leisure,  prose  and 
verse,  published  at  London  in  1829  ?  I  think  the 
author  was  of  Emmanuel  College.  R.  J. 

Queen  Charlotte  s  DriTfiking  Glass. — Can  any  of 
your  readers  {authenticate  the  following?  It  is 
extracted  from  a  letter  from  one  J£fmes  Heming, 
containing  an  account  of  George  III.'s  coronation : 

"  Our  friend  Harry,  who  was  upon  the  scaffold,  at  the 
return  of  the  procession,  closed  iu  with  the  rear;  at  the 
expence  of  half  a  guinea  was  admitted  into  the  hall ;  got 
brimfull  of  his  majesty's  claret,  and  in  the  universal 
plunder,  brought  off  the  glass  her  majesty  drank  in,  which 
is  placed  in  the  beaufet  as  a  valuable  curiosity." 

C.  J.  Douglas. 

Inscription  for  a  Watch. — 

''  Could  but  our  tempers  move  like  this  ijjachiqfi, 
Not  urg'd  by  passion  nor  delay'd  by  spjeej}} 
And  true  to  nature's  regulatirig  power. 
By  virtuous  acts  distinguish  every  hour : 
Then  health  and  joy  would  follow,  as  they  ought. 
The  laws  of  motion  and  the  laws  of  thought ; 
Sweet  health  to  pass  the  present  pioifleijts  o'ep, 
4-nd  eyerlastfiig  joy,  when  tiijie  sliall  be  np  pioce." 
Scots'  Magazine,  Oct.  1747. 

WbQ  \s,  lil^e).y  t»  t>e  tlje  ^utbpF  of  thesp  fine 
verses  ?  G".  N. 

f  Think  of  me.'*  —  Who  is  the  author  of  the 
lines  "  Think  of  me,"  givefn  in  iSir  Roland  Ashton, 

*  Siog.  Britan. 


and  where  were   they  originally  published  ?     I 
give  the  first  stanza  : 

"  Go  where  the  water  glideth  gently  ever, 
Glideth  by  meadows  that  tlie  greenest  be ; 
Go  forth  beside  our  own  beloved  riv^r 
And  think  of  me." 

X.H. 

Charles  Verral.  —  Could  any  of  your  readers 

give  me  any  inforr^atipn  regarding  Charles  Verral, 

.author  (besides  other  works)  of  a  poem  called  The 

Pleasures  of  Possession,  published  in  1810  ?    R,  J. 

Early  Memoirs  of  Dn.  Johnson,  —r  Is  it  known 
who  was  the  authov  of  a  small  12mo.  yolume,  pub- 
lished within  a  few  months  of  Johnson's  death, 
under  the  title  of  — 

"Memoirs  of  tjie  hifQ  and  Writings  of  the  late  Dr.  Sf^r 
muel  Johijsop,  containing  many  valuable  original  Letters, 
and  several  interesting  Anecdotes  both  of  his  Literary  and 
Social  Connexions.  The  whole  authenticated  by  living 
Evidence.    London,  1785." 

J.  E.  M. 

Prayer  for  Unity.  —  Is  it  known  who  wrote  the 
touching  "  Prayer  for  Unity,"  which  appears  in 
our  present  office  for  the  20th  of  June,  being  the 
day  01}  which  Her  Majesty  began  her  happy  reign  ? 
It  is  not  contained  in  the  form  of  1704,  as  printed 
in  Reeling's  Liturgies  Britannicce.  A.  A.  D. 

Dream-Books.  —  Dr.  Mackay  tells  us,  in  his 
Popular  lifl^sions,  that  the  maxiips  of  the  pseudo- 
science  of  oneirology  have  been  so  imperfectly  rer 
membered,  that  at  the  present  day  they  differ  in 
different  countries,  and  the  same  dream  which 
delights  the  peasant  in  England  terri^es  him  in 
France  or  Switzerland;  Can  your  readers  put- 
me  in  the  way  of  obtaining  a  few  of  the  dream- 
books  in  circulation  p^mong  the  credulous  on  the 
Continent  ? 

Notes  are  desired  on  the  bibliography  of  dream- 
books  during  the  lasl;  two  centuries,  to  link  the 
works  of  Artemidorus,  Astampsychus,  and  Ach- 
niet,  with  the  Seven  Dials'  publications  of  the 
presept  day. 

Communications  through  the  medium  of  "  N.  & 
Q.,"  or  privately  to  the  care  of  the  editor,  will 
oblige  R.  T.  Scott. 

Instrument  of  Torture.  — 

"  Late  heavy  rains  at  Jamaica  have  exposed  an  instrur 
ment  of  torture  made  of  iron  hoops,  with  screws,  and  so 
constructed  as  to  fit  the  largest  or  smallest  person ;  atr 
tajshpd  to  it  are  njanacjes  for  the  hands.  The  inside  of 
the  kneerbars,  apd  the  resting-place  for  the  soles  of  tk& 
feet,  are  stijdded  with  spikes.  When  found,  the  perfect 
siieleton  of  a  negress  Avas  enclosed  in  the  instrument." 

The  ^bove  statement  comipg  frqpi  a  reliable 
source,  it  ifl^y  be  asked  )f  at  any  tiflae  in  the  Ei}.- 
gljs'h  West  Indj^  Islapd^  jnsfriijueftts  pf  ^torture 
lyere  app^jed  fp  playes?  Apd  \f  so,  for  what 
crimes  ?  '  W-  W- 

Malta. 


110 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  N"  32.,  Aug.  9.  '56. 


Merthyr  Tydvil.  —  What  is  known  of  the  his- 
tory of  Merthyr  Tydvil  prior  to  1740  ?  Was  it 
an  insignificant  village  immediately  before  Bacon 
commenced  iron-making  there  ?  A  friend  in- 
forms me  that  a  hundred  years  ago  letters  were 
brought  to  Merthyr  by  an  old  woman  from 
Brecon,  Can  any  correspondent  of  "N.&_Q." 
give  the  old  mail  routes,  naming  the  principal 
post  towns  at  that  period,  1700  to  1740  ? 

Kael. 

Autlior  of  the  "  Voice  of  the  Rod."  —  Can  any 
of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  favour  me  with  the 
full  reading  of  the  initials  "  L.  N."  of  the  following 
work  : 

"  The  Voice  of  the  Rod,  or  God's  Controversie  pleaded 
with  Man,  being  a  plain  and  brief  Discourse  on  Mich.  vi. 
9.,  by  L.  N.,  philomathes.  London :  printed  for  Walter 
Dight,  Bookseller  in  Exeter,  1668.     12mo.,  pp.  288." 

There  are  prefixed  a  "  Dedication  to  the  In- 
finite, Eternal,  and  All  wise  God,"  &c.,  and  an 
"  Address  to  the  Readers,"  dated  "  Ab  Eremis 
meis,  Aug.  28,  1666." 

The  discourse  is  a  very  serious  one,  and  appears 
to  have  reference  to  the  Plague  in  London,  1665, 
and  to  the  Fire,  1666.  By  these  dreadful  ca- 
lamities the  progress  of  the  author's  work  in  some 
of  its  departments  had  been  impeded,  as  at  the 
end  of  it,  he  adds  a  "  Postscript  to  the  Readers : " 

"  Sirs,  —  If  anything  in  these  sheets  s^^  to  be  bom 
out  of  due  time,  know  that  they  have  had  a  hard  Travail. 
Tliey  were  at  first  prepared  for  1665,  but  through  the  as- 
tonishing difficulty  of  our  late  Junctures,  the  Author's 
unbefriended  Obscurity,  and  want  of  those  Minerval 
powers  which  are  now  become  essentially  requisite  in  such 
cases,  they  have  lingered  hitherto,"  &c. 

G.N. 

Hogarth's  Folly.  —  Hogarth,  about  the  time  of 
his  marriage,  painted  a  very  spirited  representa- 
tion of  "  Folly." 

The  subject,  says  Hinckley,  "  was  composed  of 
twelve  figures  :  six  of  males,  and.  a  like  number 
of  females.     The  landscape  gorgeous." 

Is  anything  known  of  this  painting,  or  has  it 
been  engraved  ?  Peto. 

The  Elms. 

Arnold  of  Westminster. — In  1680,  July  17, 
one  John  Giles  was  convicted,  the  government 
having  offered  a  reward  of  lOOZ.  for  his  apprehen- 
sion, of  assaulting  and  wounding  dangerously  on 
the  previous  April  17,  in  Bell  Yard,  Temple  Bar, 
John  Arnold,  Esq.  In  1688,  one  Arnold,  the 
king's  brewer,  was  of  the  jury  on  the  trial  of  the 
bishops  ;  and  in  one  of  the  Letters  of  the  Herbert 
Family,  he  is  called  Captain  Arnold ;  and  is  said 
to  have  a  considerable  party  to  support  him  in 
his  wish  to  represent  Westminster  in  parliament. 

In  1692,  John  Arnold,  Esq.,  was  member  for 
Southwark ;  and  Nicholas  Arnold  was  a  gentle- 
man pensioner. 


In  1708,  Nehemia  Arnold  was  paymaster  of 
malt  tickets.  In,  or  previously,  and  perhaps  sub- 
sequently to  1722,  Nehemia  Arnold,  Esq.,  was 
living  in  Westminster. 

Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  inform  me  if  any 
and  what  family  connexions  exist  amongst  these 
Arnolds,  or  give  me  any  particulars  of  any  of 
them  ?  N.  N. 

New  York  Murder  —  Congrelaticosualists.  — 
Permit  me  to  ask,  if  you  or  any  of  your  readers 
can  satisfy  my  curiosity  on  either  of  the  two  fol- 
lowing points  ? 

1.  You  are  probably  acquainted  with  the  Tales 
of  Mystery  and  Imagination,  by  the  late  American 
poet,  Edgar  Allan  Poe.  In  one  of  these,  entitled 
"  The  Mystery  of  Marie  Roget,"  the  author,  under 
pretence  of  describing  the  murder  of  a  Parisian 
grisette,  analyses  the  particulars  of  the  murder 
of  a  New  York  cigar  girl.  It  is  stated  in  a  note 
that  the  subsequent  confessions  of  two  people  con- 
nected with  the  New  York  murder  completely 
verified  the  conclusion  to  which  Poe,  by  analysis, 
had  come. 

Can  anybody  tell  me  where  I  can  find  an  ac- 
count of  the  New  York  murder ;  or  tell  me  the 
real  names,  dates,  and  fate  of  the  murderers  ? 
The  murder  was  committed  before  November 
1842,  as  that  is  the  date  of  Poe's  tale  in  Marie 
Roget. 

2.  Secondly,  you  will  find  in  one  of  Sydney 
Smith's  Essays  on  America  (p.  240.  of  the  8vo. 
edition,  in  one  volume),  in  a  list  of  the  places  of 
worship  in  Philadelphia,  one  mentioned  as  belong- 
ing to  a  sect  called  "  the  Congrelaticosualists." 
I  have  never  met  with  this  word  anywhere  else. 
It  is  not  to  be  found  in  any  dictionary.  Nor  can 
I  conceive  what  its  derivation  can  be,  or  from  the 
words  of  what  language  it  can  be  compounded,  if 
it  be  a  compound.  The  best  scholars  with  whom 
I  have  had  the  opportunity  of  conversing  can 
give  me  no  information.  If  the  meaning  or  de- 
rivation be  not  known,  can  any  one  give  me  in- 
formation as  to  the  peculiar  tenets,  &c.,  of  the 
sect  ?  T.  H.  D. 

The  Kalends  or  Calends  at  Bromyard.  —  In  a 
short  visit  to  Herefordshire  I  was  struck  with  the 
name  which  the  inhabitants  of  Bromyard  gave  to 
a  long  narrow  footpath  enclosed  with  high  walls, 
and  leading  to  the  churchyard ;  they  called  it  the 
Kalends  or  Calends.  I  could  not  find  out  the 
precise  spelling  of  the  word,  and  no  one  seemed  to 
know  much  about  it.  Can  any  of  your  readers 
enlighten  me  on  the  subject,  or  as  to  the  origin  of 
the  word  ?  Perhaps  it  is  a  mere  provincialism, 
but  it  struck  me  there  might  be  some  connection 
between  this  singular  name  and  the  Calendar  (or 
Kalandar)  ;  in  what  way  I  would  not,  however, 
presume  to  say.  R.  Pattison. 

Torrington  Square. 


2°^  S.  N<»  32.,  Aug.  9.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Ill 


Letter  of  Charles  JI.  to  the  Queen  of  Bohemia. 
—  I  have  in  my  possession  a  letter  in  the  auto- 
graph of  Charles  II.,  of  which  the  following  is  a 

copy : 

"Paris,  Aprill  16. 
"  Madame, 
"  T  could  not  lett  this  bearer  my  Ld.  Wentworth  gee, 
without  giueing  your  Ma^'^  the  trouble  of  a  letter,  and  to 
lett  your  Ma"»  know  that  I  send  him  to  the  K.  of  Den- 
marke  to  desire  his  assistance,  and  recommendation  to  the 
States  on  my  behalfe,  I  will  not  say  any  more  at  present, 
because  I  haue  commanded  the  beai-er  to  giue  your  Ma"« 
an  account  of  all  that's  a  doeing  heere,  only  to  desire 
your  Ma''«  to  giue  credite  to  him,  and  to  me  that  I  am, 
"  Madame, 

"  Your  Ma**«»  most  bumble 

and  most  affectionate 
nephew  and  seruant, 

"  Chart.es  R." 

The  letter  bears  a  small  seal,  and  is  endorsed, 
"  For  the  Queene  of  Bohemia  my  Deare  Aunt." 

Queries.  Can  any  of  your  readers  determine 
or  conjecture  the  year  in  which  this  letter  was 
written  ?  Is  there  any  account  of  Charles  apply- 
ing to  the  "  K.  of  Denmarke,  to  desire  his  as- 
sistance ?  "  Who  is  meant  by  "  the  bearer  my 
Ld.  Wentworth?"  An  early  answer  would  be 
very  acceptable.  Vox. 

Were  Charles  I.  and  Oliver  Cromwell  distant 
Cousins  ?  —  What  authority  has  the  writer  of  the 
amusing  and  interesting  article  on  the  "  Causes  of 
the  Civil  War,"  in  the  newly  published  number  of 
the  Quarterly  Beview,  p.  109.,  for  the  assertion  of 
the  relationship  which  forms  the  subject  of  this 
Query,  and  is  declared  in  the  following  passage  ? 

"In  addition  to  Sir  Oliver  the  'Golden  Knight'  (Sir 
Henry  Cromwell)  left  five  sons  and  five  daughters.  It  is 
a  singular  circumstance  that  from  his  children  should 
have  sprung  the  two  most  famous  leaders  in  the  great 
rebellion,  for  his  second  daughter  was  the  mother  of 
Hampden,  as  his  second  son  Robert  was  the  father  of  the 
Protector.  Another  curious  circumstance  is  that  Robert 
married  a  widow,  Mrs.  Lynne,  whose  maiden  name  was 
Steward,  and  who  came  of  the  royal  race.  The  fact  is 
now  established  beyond  question  that  Charles  I.  and 
Oliver  Cromwell  were  distant  cousins.  The  Protector 
certainly  did  not  exaggerate  his  descent  when  he  said  in 
a  speech  to  his  first  Parliament,  '  I  was  by  birth  a  gen- 
tleman ;  living  neither  in  any  considerable  height,  nor 
yet  in  obscurity." 

C.  o.  c. 

"  Ohnoxious." — What  is  the  meaning  of  the 
word  obnoxious?  Walker  says  "liable."  Why 
then  do  almost  all  modern  authors,  including 
Macaulay  and,  I  think,  Dickens,  use  it  in  the 
sense  of  "  disagreeable"  or  "  disgusting  ?"*   S.  B. 

Relper. 

"  Titan's  Goblet."  —  Will  you,  or  some  one  of 
your  readers,  oblige  me  with  the  locus  in  quo  I  can 
find  anything  relative  to  the  "Titan's  goblet?" 

[*  The  various  senses  in  which  obnoxious  is  used  has 
been  incidentally  noticed  in  our  1"  S.  viii.  439.] 


I  am  possessor  of  a  remarkable  picture  of  this 
title  and  subject,  painted  by  the  late  Thomas 
Cole,  whose  classic  reading  may  have  furnished 
the  subject,  but  whose  own  poetic  capacity  was  so 
large,  that  he  (artistically  speaking)  invented  his 
own  subjects  and  painted  them,  epic,  fanciful,  and 
dramatic. 

Should  this  Query  find  answer  I  will  gladly 
send  you  a  Note  of  the  treatment  of  the  subject. 

J.  M.  F. 

New  York. 

William  the  Conqueror's  Joculator.  —  In  Speci- 
mens of  early  English  Metrical  Romances,  chiefly 
written  during  the  early  part  of  the  14th  Century, 
by  George  Ellis,  Esq.,  speaking  of  the  minstrels, 
he  says  : 

"  They  were  obliged  to  adopt  various  modes  of  amusing, 
and  to  unite  the  mimic  and  the  juggler,  as  a  compensation 
for  the  defects  of  the  musician  and  poet.  Their  rewards 
were  in  some  cases  enormous,  and  prove  the  esteem  in 
which  they  were  held ;  though  this  may  be  partly  as- 
cribed to  the  general  thirst  after  amusement,  and  the 
difficulty  of  the  great  in  dissipating  the  tediousness  of 
life." 

He  then  states  that  William  the  Conqueror  as- 
signed three  parishes  in  Gloucestershire  as  a  gift 
for  the  support  of  his  Joculator,  and  adds  : 

"  This  may,  perhaps,  be  a  less  accurate  measure  of  the 
minstrel's  accomplishments  than  of  the  monarch's  power, 
and  of  the  insipidity  of  his  court."  —  Ellis,  vol.  i.  p.  19., 
&c. 

"Three  parishes  in  Gloucestershire"  must  at 
any  time  have  been  an  immense  donation  for 
almost  any  services  one  can  imagine ;  and  I  should 
be  much  obliged  to  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  to 
point  out  which  were  these  three  parishes,  and  the 
name  of  the  fortunate /ocztZa^or,  if  it  has  descended 
to  posterity.  A. 

"  Wheel  for  the  Borough  of  Milborn  Port"  —  I 
have  a  small  old  print,  of  which  the  following  is  a 
description. 

The  figure  of  a  wheel,  about  three  inches  in 
diameter,  round  the  edge  of  which  is  the  follow- 
ing :  "  (ix)  Antient  (viii)  Wheel  (vii)  for  (vi) 
the  (v)  Borrough  (irii)  of  (iii)  Milborn  (ii) 
Port  (i)."  Nine  names,  representing  the  spokes 
of  the  wheel,  commence  opposite  the  numerals, 
each  meeting  in  the  centre,  and  each  divided  by 
a  wave  line.  The  names,  commencing  with  No.  1., 
are,  "  William  Carent,  William  Raymond,  Robert 
Gerrard,  William  Caldecut,  John  Huddy,  James 
Hannam,  Roger  Saunders,  George  Millborn." 

Milborn  Port  (Somerset),  to  which  this  figure 
probably  refers,  was  formerly  one  of  the  principal 
towns  in  the  southern  part  of  the  county,  and  for 
a  very  long  period  sent  two  members  to  parlia- 
ment. It  was  one  of  the  "rotten  boroughs" 
swept  away  by  the  Reform  Bill. 

Queries.    What  is  the  meaning  of  this  "an- 


112 


KOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8''dg.Np82,,Au0.  9.'66. 


tient  wheel,"  and  has  it  any  reference  to  the 
election  of  officers  for  the  borough  ?  From  the 
appearance  of  this  curioijs  figure,  it  seems  to  have 
been  printed  aboyt  the  close  of  the  seventeenth 
century.  Perhaps  one  of  your  Somersetshire 
readers  can  throw  light  on  the  subject,  and  also 
state  whether  any  of  the  above-named  persons 
have  descendants  now  living  in  JNJilborn  Port  ? 

Vox. 


Minat  (^utviti  Inttlb  ^nSiatvA. 


What  is  their   origin   and 
W.T. 


Apostle   Spoons, 
history  ? 
Oxford. 

[We  believe  the  earliest  notice  of  the  apostle  spoons 
occurs  in  an  entry  on  the  books  of  the  Stationers'  Com- 
pany in  the  year  1500,  "  A  spoyne  of  the  gyfte  of  Master 
Reginoli  Wolfe,  all  gylte  with  the  pycture  of  St.  John." 
Mr.  Pegge  in  his  Preface  to  A  Forme  of  Cary,  a  Roll  of 
Ancient  Cookery,  has  offered  the  following  conjecture  as 
to  the  origin  of  this  baptismal  present.  He  observes, 
that  "  the  general  mode  of  eating  must  either  have  been 
with  the  spoon  or  the  fingers;  and  this,  perhaps,  m&y 
have  been  the  reason  that  spoons  became  the  usual  present 
from  gossips,  to  their  god-children  at  christenings."  The 
practice  of  sponsors  giving  spoons  at  christenings  seems 
to  have  been  first  observed  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth ; 
previously  it  was  the  mode  to  present  gifts  of  a  different 
kind.  Hall,  ■yvho  has  written  a  minute  account  of  the 
baptism  of  Elizabeth,  1558,  informs  ns  that  the  gifts  pre- 
sented by  thp  sponsors  were  a  standing  cup  of  gold,  and 
six  gilt  bowls,  with  covers.  But  in  the  first  year  of 
Queen  Elizabeth,  Howes,  the  continuator  of  Stow's  Chro- 
nick,  says  that  "  at  this  time,  and  for  many  yceres  before, 
it  was  not  the  use  and  custome,  as  now  it  is  [1631]  for 
godfathers  and  godmothers  generally  to  give  plate  at  the 
Ibaptisip  of  children  (as  spoones,  cups,  and  such  like),  but 
only  to  give  christening  shirts,  with  little  hands  and  cuffs 
wrought  either  with  silk  or  blue  thread;  the  best  of 
them  for  chief  persons  weare  edged  with  a  small  lace  of 
blacke  silke  and  golde ;  the  highest  price  of  which  for 
great  men's  children  were  seldom  above  a  noble,  and  the 
pommon  sort  two,  three,  or  four  and  five  shillings  a-piece." 
An  allusion  to  apostle  spoons  occurs  in  a  collection  of 
anecdotes,  entitled  "  Merry  Passages  and  Jeasts,"  quoted 
by  Malone  from  Harl.  MS.  6395 :  "  Shakspeare  was  god- 
father to  one  of  Ben  Jonson's  children,  and  after  the 
christening,  being  in  deepe  study,  Jonson  came  to  cheer 
him  up,  and  ask'd  him  why  he  was  so  melapcholy.  '  No 
'faith,  Ben,'  says  he,  '  not  I ;  but  t  have  b^en  considering 
a  great  while  what  should  be  the  fittest  gift  for  me  t^ 
bestow  upon  my  godchild,  and  t  have  resolv'd  at  last.' 
*  I  pr'ythee,  what  ?  '  says  he.  f  I'feith,  Ben,  I'll  give  him 
a  douzen  good  Lattea  [Latin]  spoons,  ^ndi  thou  shalt 
translate  them.?"] 

Clergy  buried  with  ^pice  toward^  thfi  West.  — 
The  other  day,  pn  visiting  thp  chapel  of  St.  Ed- 
mund Hall,  Oxford,  J  observed  that  the  lozenge- 
shaped  stones,  on  which  were  ipscfibed  the  names 
of  former  principals,  were  placed  facing  the  ^e^t, 
instead  of  towards  tfae  east,  the  j^su^l  custom. 

A  friend  tells  me  tlaat  it  is  by  no  means  an  un- 
usual practice  in  tjie  ^Torth  of  Englj^nd  to  bury 
tlje  clergy  ^it};t  t}}e  face  jtpwand^  the  we§t,  ia  the 


manner  above-mentiorjed,  iq  order  that  they 
may  meet  their  flocks  on  the  morning  pf  the  great 
day,  and  conduct  them  to  the  tribunal.  Is  this  a 
custom  peculiar  to  the  North  of  England  ? 

OxONIENSIS. 

[This  custpm  has  been  noticed  in  our  !'*■  S.  ii.  403. 
452.,  where  our  correspondent  wil}  find  that  it  is  not  pe- 
culiar to  the  North  of  England,  but  has  been  observed  in 
various  parts  of  Christendom  since  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury.] 

St.  Paneras.  —  Can  you  inform  me  in  what 
church  in  Exeter  there  is  a  brass  of  St.  Paneras  ? 
Also,  in  what  church  in  Lewes,  Sussex,  there  is  a 
painted  window  of  St.  Paneras  ?  What  church  in 
France  contains  a  brass  of  this  saint  ?  Is  there  an 
engraving  of  any  of  them  ?  The  Rev.  Edward 
White,  M.A.,  of  St.  Paul's  Chapel,  Kentish  Town, 
gave  a  lecture,  "  The  Life  and  Times  of  St.  Pan- 
eras,  the  Boy  Martyr  under  Diocletian."  I  want 
to  procure  an  engraving  of  that  saint  ?  R. 

[Perhaps  the  best  representation  of  St.  Paneras  is  in 
the  magnificent  brass  of  Prior  Nelond,  in  the  church  of 
Cowfold  in  the  neighbourhood  of  West  Grinstead,  of  which 
a  lithographic  drawing  is  given  in  Horsfield's  JSistory  of 
Ijcwcs,  vol.  i.  p.  239.  St.  Paneras,  the  patron  saint  of  the 
Lewes  priorj',  is  represented  standing  upon  a  pinnacle 
with  a  palm  branch  in  his  right  hand,  a  book  in  his  left, 
and  treading  on  a  warrior  with  his  jirawn  sword.] 

Arms  in  Severn  Stoke  Church.  —  To  what  fa- 
mily does  the  following  coat  of  arras  belong  ? 
Gules,  a  fess  between  six  cross  crosslets,  or.  They 
are  from  an  old  painted  wjndow  in  the  parish 
church  of  Severn  Stoke,  Worcestershire.  This 
church  has  what  I  think  must  be  a  very  rare 
thing,  an  original  stone  altar  as  used  before  the 
time  of  the  Reformation.  Cervus. 

[The  above  coat  of  arms  belongs  to  the  Beauchamps, 
Earls  of  Warwick.  In  Atkyns's  Gloucestershire  we  find 
that  Richard  de  Beauchamp  married  for  his  first  wife 
Elizabeth,  heiress  of  Thomas  Lord  Berkeley.  He  died 
17th  Henry  VI.,  1439,  and  was  buried  in  the  Collegiate 
Church  of  Warwick.  The  cross  crpsslets  are  the  arms  of 
Berkeley,  which  he  added  to  his  own.  The  same  arms 
are  in  a  window  of  Kingsbury  Church,  Warwickshire. 
See  Dugdalp's  If^arwickshire,  pp.  391.  and  1061.,  edit. 
1730.] 


POUND   AND   MIL   SCHEME. 

(2°a  S.  i,  491.) 

I  have  taken  it  for  granted,  upon  the  e^uthority 
of  more  writers  th^ti  one,  that  what  is  now  called 
the  pound  and  mil  scheme  was  originated  by  the 
anonymous  Mercator,  in  The  Pamphleteer  for 
1814.  I  had  never  seen  this  work,-  but,  learning 
from  Me.  Yates's  communication  to  you  that 
Mr.  Slater  had  reprinted  Mercator  in  his  Inquiry, 
&c.,  I  examined  th.e  feprint,  and  I  found  that 
Mercator^S  scl^giup  is  t}pt  what  ig  npyy  ftdypcated 


2°d  §.  No  32.,  Auc>.  9.  '66.] 


NQTUS  AND  QUERIES. 


113 


by  the  great  n)»jority  of  those  whp  are  trying  to 
decimalise  our  coinage.  It  is  true  that  Mercator 
has  a  pound  in  bis  system,  and  a  mil  for  its  thou- 
sandth part.  But  his  pound  is  not  our  pound. 
Now  if  there  be  any  one  character  of  the  current 
pound  aifd  mil  scheme  which  is  more  its  distinc- 
tive constituent  than  another,  it  is  the  doctrine 
that  the  present  sovereign  is  to  be  unaltered  in 
value.  Consequently,  if  Mercator  advocated  a 
sovereign  or  pound  of  anything  but  twenty  parts 
out  of  twenty-one  of  the  guinea  current  in  his 
time,  he  did  not  propose  our  present  pound  and 
mil  scheme.  Now  without  any  arithmetic  at  all, 
except  an  eye  to  see  which  is  the  greater  and 
which  the  less  of  two  sums,  it  can  be  made  ap- 
^  parent  that  Mercator  proposed  a  smaller  pound 
than  we  now  have.  His  ounce  troy  is  the  common 
one  ;  and  his  proposition  is  to  coin  this  ounce  troy 
into  pounds  at  the  rate  of  4^.  Is.  4^c?.  to  the  ounce. 
Now  we  coin  the  ounce  into  3Z.  17s.  lO^d.  Con- 
sequently, Mercator  gives  a  lighter  sovereign  than 
that  we  now  have.  But  it  has  also  more  alloy  in  it. 
Our  standard  gold  has  one  twelfth  part  of  alloy : 
and  his  has  one  tenth.  In  both  ways,  then,  he  de- 
preciated the  pound.  And  not  oi)Jy  did  he  do 
this,  but  he  gave  a  reason  for  it,  as  follows  : 

"  There  are  various  other  points  and  arguments,  poli- 
tical as  well  as  commercial,  on  this  subject,  which  are 
not,  however,  necessary  to  be  discussed  at  present ;  suf- 
fice it  to  say  that  they  are  all  in  favour  of  the  proposed 
standard,  &c.  &c.,  which,  indeed,  must  of  necessity  take 
place  to  enable  government  to  resume  the  coinage,  and 
also  because  our  coin  in  its  present  proportions  and  re- 
lative values  of  Mint  prices  with  those  of  the  Continent 
will  be  constantly  drained  as  soon  as  issued.  Therefore 
the  absolute  necessity  of  a  new  standard,  &c.,  to  restore 
the  permanency  of  circulating  medium  in  the  legal  coin 
of  the  realm." 

Mercator,  then,  is  a  writer  whose  etceteras  are 
very  significant.  They  include  nothing  less  than 
a  depreciation  of  the  gold  coin,  and  an  alteration 
in  the  relative  Mint  prices  of  gold  and  silver. 
But  your  readers  should  remember  that  the  creed 
of  the  present  advocates  of  pound-and-mil  decimali- 
sation is,  There  is  no  pound  but  the  pound,  and 
the  mil  is  its  thousandth  part.       A-  ^^  Mokgaij. 


UOIXY,   THE   mist  ZiroiGBNOnS  EVEB6BEBN   TBEE. 

(2"*  S.  i.  399.  443.  502. ;  ii.  56.) 

Mb.  Frere  and  H,  J.  have  brought  forward  a 
host  of  authorities  to  b^ck  their  opinions ;  but  if 
they  are  satisfied,  with  all  due  deference,  I  ^qi 
not.  Let  me  for  the  present  confine  jny  case  to 
the  bo2f  alone.  I  will,  if  necessary,  on  fipother 
occasion  defend  ipy  position  as  to  the  ypw.  I  give 
a  long  extracji  from  one  of  my  grandfather's 
papers  in  the  Oent.  Mag.  (p.  666.),  in  the  year 
1787.  As  |kl#.  Frere  says  he  has  been  qbje  to 
see  this  volume,  I  am  at  a  loss  to  understand  how 


it  is  he  so  easily  puts  aside  the  authorities  th^t 
satisfied  my  grandfather,  and  that  years  since  con- 
vinced me,  that  the  box  is  not  an  indigenous  tree. 
Dr.  Lindley,  also,  will  now,  I  hope,  know  that 
the  box  has  ere  this  "  been  suspected  of  being  a 
foreigner."  I  have  great  respect  for  the  modern 
authorities  quoted ;  Ibut  in  this  c^se,  not  less  is 
njy  respect  for  the  older  ones  here  produced  by 
my  grg,ndfather.  Omitting  sonje  remarks  on  the 
box  not  relevant  to  this  question,  he  says  : 

"  Asserius  Menevensis  observes,  in  his  Life  of  Alfred, 
that  '  Berrocscire  (Berkshire)  taliter  vocatur  a  Berroc 
silva  ubi  Buxus  abuudantissime  nascitur.'  This  writer, 
perhaps,  remembered  the  Hebrew  word  Berosch,  which  is 
the  name  of  a  tree  often  mentioned  in  the  Bible,  but  it  is 
of  very  doubtful  signification.  It  hath  been  by  some 
translated  a  box-tree;  by  others,  an  ash  or  larch;  and 
the  Sept^agint,  in  their  vague  manner,  render  it,  in 
various  places,  by  no  less  than  six  different  kinds  of  trees 
(JHiUerii  Hierophyticon  de  Arbor,  cap.  39.).  We  strongly 
suspect  this  wood  of  box-trees  in  Berkshire  to  be  ima- 
ginary ;  for  we  have  not  hitherto  been  able  to  discover  this 
tree  in  any  place  where  there  was  the  least  doubt  of  its  not 
being  planted ;  probably  one  reason  why  it  is  not  so  much 
dispersed  as  the  yew  is,  because  the  seeds  are  not  eaten 
and  disseminated  by  birds,  A  remarkable  instance  of  its 
confined  state  appears  at  the  extensive  plantation  of  this 
tree  at  Box  Hill,  in  Surrey,  where  not  a  plant  is  to  be  seen 
in  any  of  the  adjoining  fields ;  and  after  close  inspection, 
we  could  scarcely  find  a  young  seedling,  but  the  succes- 
sion supports  itself,  when  cut,  by  rising  again  from  the 
old  stems,  like  a  coppice.  Tradition  attributes  this  noble 
work  to  an  Earl  of  Arundel.  How  few  possessors  of  such 
useless  wastes  have  left  behind  them  so  valuable  an  ex- 
ample of  their  patriotic  pursuits 

"  bur  oldest  botanists  agree  with  us  in  supposing  this 
tree  not  to  be  a  native.  *  Ther  groweth,'  says  Turner, '  in 
the  mountains  in  Germany  great  plenty  of  boxe  wild, 
without  any  setting,  but  in  England  it  growet1\  not  alone 
by  itself  in  any  place  that  I  know.^  "  —  Jierbal,  1586. 

"  Boxe  delighteth  to  grow  upon  high  cold  mountains, 
as  upon  the  hils  and  deserts  of  Switzerland,  and  Savoye, 
and  other  like  places,  where  it  groweth  plentifully.  In 
this  countrie  they  plant  both  kinds  in  some  gardens."— hytB^s 
Herball,  1586. 

"  Gerard  would  have  done  well  to  have  specified  those 
*  sundry  waste  and  barren  hils  in  England,'  on  which  he 
asserts  it  grew  in  his  time,  Evelyp  affirnis,  '  that  these 
trees  rise  naturally  at  Boxley,  in  Kent,  in  abundance ; '  and 
succeeding  writers  have  too  hastily  followed  him :  for  in 
a  tour  thro'  that  county,  we  called  at  this  village,  and, 
on  examination  of  the  neighbouring  woods,  and  strictest 
enquiry  of  those  who  were  best  acquainted  with  them, 
^e  were  thoroughly  conyinced  that  his  assertion  was 
totally  groundless.*  To  say  the  truth,  we  were  not 
greatjy  disappointed,  as  we  recollected  what  Lambarde 
had  said  long  before  Evelyn's  time :  'Boxky  may  take  the 
name  of  the  Saxqn  word  Bospeleage,  for  the  store  of  box- 
trees  t\xni  peradpwture  sam^tim  greip  there-'— -fergviilmlq- 
tipn  of  Kent,  1576." 

My  grandfather  concludes  with  an  arguRjent 
that  I  think  is  a  souud  one,  namely,  that  all 
trees  and  shrubs  whoge  nsfpes  arp  derived  from 
the  Latin  are  not  with  us   indigenous,   because 

*  The  names  of  places  beginning  with  bo.v  may  full  as 
probably  be  derived  fron)  the  Saxon  hoc,  qr  bocce,  a.  beech 
tree,  or  ^om  b/K,  a  buckj  ^s  fropi  tlje  bpy  tree. 


114 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  32.,  Aug.  9.  '56. 


the  others,  which  are  undoubted  natives,  still 
keep  their  Teutonic  or  Saxon  names ;  as  the  oak, 
ash,  beech,  maple,  hazel,  birch,  holly,  &c.  The 
trees  probably  brought  from  Italy,  he  says,  are 
the  box  (Buxus),  the  elra  ( Ulmus) ;  the  indige- 
nous having  a  Saxon  name,  Wych  hazel;  service 
(Sorbus),  poplar  (Populus)^  &c. 

I  hope  I  have  now  given  good  reasons  for  my 
first  assertion,  that  the  box,  at  any  rate,  is  in  all 
probability  not  indigenous.  A.  Holt  White. 


botti.es  filled  by  pressure  op  the  sea. 

(2"^  S.  i.  493.) 

Your  correspondent  John  Husband,  who 
wishes  for  information  respecting  the  statements 
of  the  Rev.  John  Campbell  in  his  Travels  in  South 
Africa  in  1815,  and  also  the  account  given  by 
Captain  S.  Spowart  of  the  "  Wilberforce,"  of  ex- 
periments made  by  him  in  1855,  will  find  allusions 
to  the  phenomenon  by  various  writers ;  among 
others  I  beg  to  refer  him  to  vol.  i.  Bridgewater 
Treatises,  page  345,  where  Dr.  Buckland,  treating 
of  the  pressure  at  different  depths  of  the  sea,  says 
that  — 

"  Captain  Smyth,  R.N.,  found  on  two  trials  that  the 
cylindrical  copper  air-tube  under  the  vane  attached  to 
Massey's  log  collapsed  and  was  crushed  quite  flat  under 
the  pressure  of  about  300  fathoms  (1800  feet).  A  claret 
bottle  filled  with  air  and  well  corked  was  burst  before  it 
descended  400  fathoms.  He  also  found  that  a  bottle 
filled  with  fresh  water  and  corked  had  the  cork  forced  in 
at  about  180  fathoms." 

He  also  refers  to  a  personal  statement  made  to 
him  by  Sir  Francis  Beaufort,  who  had  often  made 
the  experiment  with  corked  bottles,  some  of  them 
being  empty,  and  others  containing  some  fluid. 
But  the  result  was  various  : 

"  The  empty  bottles  were  sometimes  crushed,  at  others 
the  cork  was  forced  in,  and  the  fluid  exchanged  for  sea 
water.  The  cork  was  always  returned  to  the  neck  of  the 
bottle ;  sometimes,  but  not  always,  in  an  inverted  posi- 
tion." 

Let  me  also  refer  your  correspondent  to  that 
magnificent  book.  The  Geological  Observer,  by 
Sir  Henry  de  la  Beche,  where  he  will  find  obser- 
vations respecting  differences  of  pressure  at  dif- 
ferent depths  of  the  sea,  which  will  satisfy  him 
that  the  statements  respecting  the  bottles  are  not 
at  all  incredible.  Sir  Henry  computes  the  pres- 
sure at  a  depth  of  100  feet  to  be  60  pounds  to 
the  square  inch,  including  that  of  the  atmosphere, 
while  at  4000  feet  the  pressure  would  be  about 
1830  pounds  to  the  square  inch. 

Speaking  of  animals  which  inhabit  very  deep 
seas  he  says : 

"  It  has  been  observed  that  the  air  or  gas  in  the  swim- 
ming bladders  of  those  brought  up  from  a  depth  of  about 
3300  feet  (under  a  pressure  of  about  100  atmospheres),  in- 
creased so  considerably  in  volume  as  to  force  the  swim- 


ming bladder,  stomach,  and  other  adjoining  parts,  outside 
the  throat  in  a  balloon-formed  mass." 

Thus  we  see  that  the  claret  bottle  collapses  in 
the  deep  sea,  while  the  air-bottle  of  the  deep  sea 
fish  expands  until  it  bursts  when  it  reaches  the 
upper  regions. 

The  author  of  the  Geological  Observer  refers  to 
Pouillet,  Elemens  de  Physique  Experimentale, 
vol.  i.  p.  188.  confirmatory  of  the  above  fact,  and 
adds  that  Dr.  Scoresby  in  his  Arctic  Regions, 
vol.  ii.  p.  193.,  relates  that  in  a  whaling  expedition 
on  one  occasion  a  boat  was  pulled  down  to  a  con- 
siderable depth  by  a  whale,  after  which  the  wood 
became  too  heavy  to  float,  the  sea  water  having 
forced  itself  into  the  pores.  He  then  refers  to  the 
Reports  of  the  British  Association,  vol.  xii.,  in 
which  the  researches  of  Professor  E.  Forbes  are 
recorded.  Before  concluding,  let  me  add  that 
some  have  supposed  the  porousness  of  the  glass 
would  sufficiently  account  for  the  phenomenon  of 
the  empty  bottle  becoming  filled  with  water  and 
yet  the  cork  remaining  in  the  same  position,  and 
even  the  wax  which  covered  It  unbroken.  But 
it  seems  to  me  more  probable  that  the  pressure, 
when  not  sufficient  to  break  the  bottle,  might  yet 
be  enough  to  reduce  by  compression  the  size  of 
the  cork  and  the  covering  of  wax,  thus  giving 
space  for  the  water  to  enter,  which  would  readily 
under  such  pressure  rush  through  the  minutest 
inlet :  the  wine  would  keep  the  cork  in  its  original 
position,  and,  on  being  drawn  up,  expansion  to  its 
former  bulk  would  be  instantaneous.  But  this  is 
only  a  guess.  E.  Flood  Woodman. 

London. 


TEMPLE   AT  BAALBEC. 

(2»'l  S.  ii.  49.) 

The  origin  of  this  temple  is  involved  in  ob- 
scurity ;  the  present  structural  remains  are  of 
the  Corinthian  Order  chiefly,  including  probably 
the  church  erected  by  Constantino  (Eusebius, 
Const.,  iii.  58.*;  Eusebius,  Orat.  Const.,  c.  18.; 
Sozomen,  v.  10.,  vii.  15. ;  Greg.,  Abulpharagii 
Hist.  Compend.  Dynast,  p.  85.).  There  is  no 
evidence  of  its  erection  by  Solomon,  as  "  the 
house  of  the  forest  of  Lebanon  "  (1  Kings,  vii.  2.) 
or  Baalhamon  (Sol.  Song,  viii.  11.).  "When  we 
consider,"  says  Volney  (v.  ii.  c.  29.),  "  the  extra- 
ordinary magnificence  of  the  Temple  of  Balbek, 
we  cannot  but  be  astonished  at  the  silence  of  the 
Greek  and  Roman  authors."  John  of  Antioch 
(Malala)  says  that  "  JElius  Antoninus  Pius  built 
a  great  temple  to  Jupiter  at  Heliopolis,  near  Li- 
banus  in  Phoenicia,  which  was  one  of  the  wonders 
of  the  world  "  {Hist.  Chron.,  lib.  xi.). 

*  GIkov  tvKrqpiov  e»c(c\ij(7io?  t«  iiiyitrrov  koX  napa.  roitrSe 
KaTo/3aAAd>A€i'0s'  <os  to  ixtj  €k  tou  jtovtos  ttov  ailavos  aitofj  yva- 
<r6ev  vvv  tovto  npiaTov  ipyov  Tv\elv. 


2nd  s.  N"  32.,  Aug.  9.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


115 


Here  is  the  tomb  of  Saladin  (Nugent,  ii.  197.). 
It  is  mentioned  by  Pliny  QNat.  Hist.,  v.  20.),  by 
Ptolemy  {Geog.,  pp.  106.  139.),  and  in  the  Itine- 
rary  of  Antoninus,  as  Diospolis  and  Heliopolis. 
Notices  are  to  be  found  also  in  Pococke's  Travels 
in  Syria,  Maundrell's  Journey,  De  la  Roque's 
Travels,  Rennell's  Oe»g.  W.  Asia,  Wood  and 
Dawkins'  Ruins  of  Balbec,  Wilson's  Lands  of 
the  Bible,  and  Herbelot's  Bibliotheque  Orientale. 
From  the  last  it  appears  that  the  evidence  of 
coins  is  in  favour  of  the  constitution  of  Heliopolis 
into  a  colony  by  Julius  Ctesar. 

The  name  of  the  place,  Baalbec,  means  "  the 
Lord's,  or  Governor's,  city."  The  worship  of  Baal 
is  repeatedly  referred  to  in  Scripture.  Baal  forms 
a  constituent  of  the  words  Ithobal,  Jerubaal,  Han- 
nibal, Hasdrubal,  Baal-berith,  Beelzebub,  Baal- 
Peor,  Beelsamen,  &c.  Freytag's  explanation  of 
the  word  "  Baal "  is  — 

"  Maritus  et  Uxor.  Omne  id  quod  datur  propter  pal- 
marum  rigationem ;  Palma  mas ;  Onus,  res  gravis ;  Terra 
elatior  a  pluvia  semel  anni  spatio  irrigata,  opposita  iis 
regionibus  quae  arte  tantuin  irrigantur.  Nomea  idoli. 
Item  dialect.  Arabics  felicis  Dominus,  herus,  possessor." 

This  etymology  brings  Baalbec  into  connection 
with  Tadmor  or  Palmyra  in  reference  to  the 
palm  tree,  from  which  Phoenicia  and  the  fabulous 
Phoenix  also  derived  their  names. 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 


THOMAS   SIMON,    THE    MEDALLIST. 
(2°'J  S.  i.  477.) 

I  feel  much  obliged  to  Jos.  G.  of  the  Inner 
Temple  for  pointing  out  to  my  attention  the  three 
articles  in  the  Numismatic  Chronicle  on  this  sub- 
ject ;  and  I  also  take  this  opportunity  of  thanking 
an  anonymous  correspondent,  who  communicated 
the  same  information  to  me  by  letter,  shortly 
after  my  first  inquiry  in  "  N.  &  Q." 

If  Jos.  G.  will  refer  to  that  article,  he  will  find 
that  the  complaint  against  Peter  de  Beau  voir, 
bailiff"  of  Guernsey,  is  supposed  by  me  to  have 
been  written  about  the  year  1655,  not  "  1665," 
as  quoted  by  Jos.  G.  The  exact  date  I  am  at 
present  unable  to  give,  as  the  original  document 
bears  none;  but  on  reference  to  the  records  of 
the  Royal  Court  of  this  island,  I  find  that  Thomas 
Simon  had  a  lawsuit  in  that  year  (1655)  with 
John  Fautrart,  Jun.,  his  wife's  uncle,  arising  out 
of  a  claim  which  she  made  to  a  share  of  the  per- 
sonal estate  of  her  grandfather,  John  Fautrart, 
Sen.  In  January  and  February,  1653-4,  Thomas 
Simon,  in  the  right  of  his  wife,  was  party  con- 
jointly with  the  other  co-heirs  in  actions  against 
John  Fautrart,  Jun.,  concerning  the  division  of  the 
real  property  of  John  Fautrart,  Sen.,  deceased,  in 
the  islands  of  Guernsey  and  Serk.    The  parties 


are  thus  described  in  the  preamble  to  the  sen- 
tences rendered  by  the  Court :  — 

"  Monsieur  Jaa  Fautrart,  aisn^  de  feu  Monsieur  Jan 
Fautrart,  son  p^re,  amercy  vers  Monsieur  Pierre  Careye, 
procureur  du  Sieur  Tliomas  Simon,  h,  cause  de  sa  femrae, 
fille  et  seule  heritifere  de  feu  le  Sieur  Cardin  Fautrart,  et 
les  Sieurs  Thomas  de  Sausmarez,  principal  b^ritier  de 
feue  Dame  Bertraune  Fautrart,  sa  mfere,  et  Jan  Renouf, 
procureur  d'Isaac  Gibault,  Jun'',  aisne  de  feue  Dame  Jane 
Fautrart,  sa  mfere,  les  dits  Cardin,  Bertranne  et  Jane 
Fautrart,  enfants  du  dit  feu  Sieur  Fautrart,  leur  pfere." 

It  is  rather  singular  that  none  of  these  docu- 
ments gives  us  the  Christian  name  of  Thomas 
Simon's  wife ;  but  this  is  supplied  by  a  contract 
registered  in  the  Greffe  or  Record  Office  of  the 
island,  on  Feb.  10,  1635-6,  by  which  John  Fau- 
trart, Jun.,  as  guardian  of  his  niece  Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  Cardin  Fautrart,  buys  in  her  name  a 
field  and  certain  wheat-rents. 

Since  my  first  communication  to  "  N.  &  Q.,"  a 
careful  search  among  the  records  of  the  Royal 
Court  of  Guernsey  has  put  it  into  my  power  to 
explain  how  Thomas  Simon  and  Peter  de  Beauvoir 
stood  to  each  other  in  the  relationship  of  cousins- 
german,  and  has  also  revealed  the  facts  that 
Simon's  mother  was  a  Guernsey  woman,  and  his 
father  a  native  of  London. 

On  October  5,  1613,  "  Monsieur  Pierre  Simon, 
fils  Pierre,  natif  de  la  cite  de  Londres,  au  droit  de 
sa  femme,  fille  de  feu  Gilles  Germain"  sells  certain 
wheat-rents.  Another  contract  of  the  same  date 
gives  the  Christian  name  of  his  wife,  which  was 
Anne ;  and  we  also  gather  from  it  that  Gilles 
Germain  had  five  other  daughters.  One  of  these 
was  Judith,  wife  of  James  de  Beauvoir ;  another 
was  Marie,  wife  of  Peter  Careye ;  and  another 
Marguerite,  who  died  unmarried.  The  names  of 
the  other  two  are  as  yet  unknown  to  me.  The 
following  pedigree  will  make  the  relationship  be- 
tween Thomas  Simon  and  Peter  de  Beauvoir 
clear :  — 

Gilles  Germain. 
I 


Judith, 
wife  of  James  de  Beauvoir. 


Anne, 
wife  of  Peter  Simon. 


Peter  de  Beauvoir.  Thomas  Simon. 

Whether  Peter  Simon  belonged  to  any  branch 
of  the  Guernsey  family  of  that  name  may  be  still 
considered  doubtful.  He  may  have  been  de- 
scended from  some  French  refugee ;  but  I  think 
that  the  fact  of  his  being  styled  in  the  contract 
above  referred  to,  "  son  of  Peter,"  in  addition  to 
"  native  of  the  city  of  London,"  affords  a  strong 
presumption  that  his  father  was  known  in  Guern- 
sey, and  very  probably  belonged  to  the  island. 
In  legal  documents  of  that  date  strangers  are 
usually  described  in  general  terms  as  "  natif  des 
parties  d'Angleterre,"  or  "  de  Normaadie,"  as  the 
case  may  be. 


li^ 


isfOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°^  S.  N«  32.,  Aug.  9.  '66. 


As  to  Tbomas  Simon's  silence  in  Iiis  wilt  as  {o 
any  property  in  Guernsey  or  claim  thereto,  it  is 
easily  explainefd  by  the  fact  that  at  that  tiitie  the 
law  of  the  island  did  not  permit  of  bequests  of 
real  property  to  children,  and  the  claim  to  the 
personal  property  of  John  Fautrart,  Sen.,  bad 
been  settled  long  before. 

Is  the  date  of  Abrahatn  Simoti's  death  knowti? 
May  ndt  Pegge  have  confounded  him  with  bis 
brother  Thomas  ?  especially  as  he  also  was  a 
modeller  and  engraver.  Ano:n. 


THE  TEN   COMMANDMENTS. 

(2"^  S.  ii.  79.) 

I  am  requested  by  )8.  7,  S.  to  give  the  editions, 
datesj  &c.,  of  the  Catholic  catechisms  used  by  ati- 
thority  in  this  country,  in  which  the  Command- 
ments are  taught  at  length.  There  are  only  two 
authorised  catechisms  in  use  in  England.  These 
are  the  abridged  Douay  Catechism,  and  th^ 
Abridgment  of  Christian  Doctrine^  usually  called 
the  First  or  the  Little  Catechism.  The  original 
Douay  Catechism  indeed  bore  the  title  of  An 
Abridgment  of  Christian  Doctrine,  and  was  printed 
early  in  the  seventeenth  century.  I  have  a  copy 
of  the  third  edition,-  printed  in  the  reign  of  James 
II,,  by  "  Henry  Hills,  Printer  to  the  King's  most 
excellent  majesty,  for  his  household  and  chapel ; 
and  are  to  be  sold  &t  his  Printing-House  on  the 
Ditchside,  in  Black-fryers."  But  as  this  was  too 
long  for  children  to  learn,  there  was  published, 
with  approbation,  An  Abstract  of  the  Douay  Cate- 
chism. Of  this  I  have  an  edition  :  "  London  : 
Printed  in  the  year  1782;"  but  without  any 
printer's  name.  It  was  printed^  however,  by 
J.  Marmaduke,  in  Oreat  Wild  Street,  near  Queen 
Street,  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields.  This  is  the  Douay 
Catechism  in  general  use  among  Catholics  all 
over  England  and  Wales,  often  designated  as  the 
Second  Catechism,  because  it  is  usually  learned 
after  the  First  or  Little  Catechism.  The  editions 
of  it  are  innumerable;  but  in  182'7,  the  four 
Vicars  Apostolic  approved  and  sanctioned  a  cor- 
rected edition,  and  required  that  all  future  edi- 
tions should  be  conformable  to  it ;  which  has  been 
carefully  adhered  to  ever  since. 

The  First,  or  Little  Catechism,  entitled  An 
Abridgment  of  Christian  Doctrine,  was  compiled 
more  than  a  century  ago  by  Bishop  Challoner. 
It  has  in  like  manner  passed  through  countless 
editions  ;  but  a  standard  edition  was  approved  in 
1826,  by  the  four  Vicars  Apostolic,  and  all  sub- 
sequent editions  have  been  required  to  be  con- 
formable to  the  one  so  authorised.  This  catechism, 
being  shorter  and  more  simple,  is  usually  learnt 
before  the  Douay  Catechism.  But  these  two  are 
the  only  catechisms   used  by   authority   among 


Catholics  In  this  country.  In  all  editions  of  both 
these,  the  First  Commandment  is  given  at  full 
length,  including  what  by  Protestants  is  called 
the  Second,  and  in  the  Douay  Catechism  the 
reasons  for  this  arrangement  are  given  in  answer 
to  the  Q.  Why  put  you  al^ff^s  in  one  command- 
ment? ^  F.G.U. 


Mollerus  (2"'^  S.  i.  133.)  — t  cannot  say  where 
the  entire  poem  of  Mollerus  is  now  to  be  found, 
but  a  large  sample  of  it  is  in  Herbinius  de  Cata- 
ractis,  Amstelod.,  1678.  On  p.  224.  is  a  vignette 
of  Hatto's  Tower,  apparently  as  it  was  three  years 
ago.  The  bishop  is  on  the  rock,  watching  the 
rats  which  are  crossing  the  Rhine.  Herbinius 
having  described  the  rapids,  adds  : 

"  Sequitur  jam  ligata  etiam  oratione,  '  Historia  de 
Tragico  Hattonis  Episcopi  Moguntinensis  fato ; '  quam 
Befnhardus  Mollerus  Monasteriensis,  in  sua  Rheili  De- 
scriptione,  Colonic  Agrippinae,  mdxcvi.,  carmine  caetera 
egregio  tradit.  Quia  enim  Uhellus  iste,  prmterquam  in 
Bibliothecd  SereniSsimi  Holsatice  Dilcis,  vix  iisjndm  alibi 
reperitur,  apponolibetis  versus  istos  in  gratiam  lectoris." 

Then  follows  the  story  of  Hatto  in  162  very 
tedious  and  antimetrical  lines.  That  the  original 
contained  many  more  may  be  inferred  from 
several  "  &c."s  at  the  close  of  the  pentameters.  If 
Southey  did  rob  MoUeriis,  he  must  have  had 
access  to  the  original :  for  in  this  extract  there  is 
nothing  diffeting  fi-oin  the  ordinary  version  of  the 
story,  which  is  dressed  up  iri  tawdry  rhetoric. 
Compare  the  opening  of  each  :  — 

"  The  summer  and  autumn  had  been  so  wet 
That  in  winter  the  corn  was  growing  vet: 
'Twas  a  piteous  sight  to  see  all  around 
The  grain  lie  rotting  on  the  ground. 
And  every  day  the  starving  poor 
Crowded  around  Bishop  Hatto's  door/'  &c. 

"  Messis  erat  raro  segetum  dotata  favore; 

Paupere  nil  potuit  villus  esse  viro. 
Panpere  paupertas  languescit  frigida  lino^ 

Verminat  esuriens  paupere  moesta  penu. 
Auget  egestatem  morbus,  contempta  movetur 

Pauperies :  omni  cassa  favore  perlt. 
In  rigldis  passim  miseri  jacuere  plateis 

Quos  miserfe  letho  vovit  acredo  famis. 
Vita  quibus  restat,  vitam  mutare  volentes^ 

Sanguinea  fatum  prseripuere  manu. 
Est  dolor  in  vita  truculens,  in  funere  terror : 

Conditio  sortis  nulla  placere  valet, 
Qiiis  stadium  vitaa  letho  mutare  peroptet  ?  _ 

Ciim  miser  baud  potefit  tivere,  fata  cupit,"  &c. 

The  "  &c."  leaves  us  in  uncertainty  as  to  tne 
amount  of  common-place  expended  before  reach- 
ing Hatto. 

Though  Mollerus  may  not  be  a  poet,  any  in- 
formation as  to  so  scarce  a  book  as  his  lihem 
Descriptio  will  be  acceptable.  H.  B.  C^ 

U.  U.  Club. 


•2*"*  S.  N"  32;i  AtG.  9.  '56.] 


NOT'fiS  And  QUERlfi^. 


lif 


Walpole  and  WhitUrigtm  (2"*  S.  ii.  S8.)_— Nd 
account  of  the  (JiscussiOn  respectint»  IVhittingtoH 
and  his  Cait  is  given  in  tlie  ArchcBologia ;  but  we 
have  the  following  fibtice  of  it  ih  a  letter  ff-Ora 
Richard  Goiigh  to  Michael  Tyson,  dated  Dec.  27, 
1771,  preserved  in  Nichols's  Literary  Anecdotes, 
vol.  viii.  p.  575. : 

"  Mr.  Pe^ge  gave,  us  next  tjie  History  of  Whittington, 
but  could  maltfe  nothing  at  all  of  his  cat,  though  she  is 
his  constant  compaiiidh  ill  all  statues  and  pictured! :  and 
I  firmly  belifeve,  if  not  a  rebus  for  some  ship  which  mad6 
his  fortune,  she  was  the  companion  of  his  arm-chair^  like 
Montaigne's." 

Cole,  in  his  unpublished  letters  to  Walpole, 
designates  the  members  of  the  Society  of  Anti- 
quaries "  Whittinjitonian  Antiquaries."  Foote, 
in  his  comedy  of  The  Nabob,  makes  Sir  Matthew 
Mite,  with  much  humour,  thus  address  the  Society 
of  Antiquaries  : 

"  The  point  I  mean  to  clear  up,  is  an  error  crept  into 
the  life  of  that  illustrious  magistrate,  the  great  Whit- 
tington,  and  his  no  less  gmirierit  cat :  and  in  this  disqui- 
sition four  material  points  are  in  question :  —  1^.  Did 
Whittington  ever  exist?  2nd.  Was  Whittington  Lord 
Mayor  of  London  ?  3d.  Was  he  really  possessed  of  a  Cat  ? 
4th.  Was  that  Cat  the  source  of  his  wealth?  That  Whit- 
iington  lived,  no  doubt  can  be  made ;  that  he  vfas  Lord 
Mayor  of  London,  is  equally  true ;  but  as  to  his  Cat,  that, 
gentlemen,  is  the  Gordian  knot  to  utitie.  Aitd  hcrei,  gen- 
tlemen, be  it  permitted  me  to  define  what  a  Cat  is.  A 
Cat  is  a  domestic,  whiskered,  four-footed  animal,  whose 
emplo3'merit  is  catching  of  mice ;  but  let  puss  have  been 
ever  so  subtle,  let  puss  have  been  ever  so  successful,  to 
what  could  puss's  captures  amount  ?  No  tanner  ,  can 
curry  the  skin  of  a  mouse,  no  family  make  a  meal  of  the 
meat ;  consequently,  no  Cat  could  give  Whittington  his 
wealth.  From  whehce  then  doCs  this  ertOr  proceed  ?  lie 
that  my  catfe  to  point  odt.  The  comttietfce  this  Tfrorthy 
merchant  carried  on  was  fchiefiy  confined  to  our  coasts : 
for  this  purpose  he  constructed  a  vessel,  which,  for  its 
agility  and  lightness,  he  aptly  christened  a  Cat.  Nay,  to 
this  our  day,  gentleimen,  all  our  c^als  from  Newcastle  are 
imported  in  nothing  but  Cats.  From  thence  it  appears, 
that  it  was  not  the  whiskered,  four-footed,  mouse-killing 
Cat,  that  was  the  source  of  the  magistrate's  wealth ;  but 
the  coasting,  sailing,  coal'carrying  Cat:  that,  gentlenieii, 
was  Whittington's  Cat." 

J.  Y. 

,  Germination  of  Seeds  (2°'^  S.  ii.  lO.  58.)  — 
£.  M.  notices  the  above  in  those  seeds  long  buried; 
Perhaps  the  following  may  interest  him  and  other 
botanical  readers :  — 

Some  years  agOj  a  portion  of  the  park  at 
Hampton  Court  was  ploughed  up;  and  to  the 
surprise  of  every  one  a  quantity  of  flowers  made 
their  appearance.  An  account  of  tliis  Wfent  the 
"round  of  the  papers"  sOme  years  back,  I  forget 
the  date :  upon  inquiry  being  instituted,  it  was 
found  that  that  identical  spot  bad  been  the  flower- 
garden  in  King  Charles  I.'s  time. 

One  of  the  most  temarkable  caseS  of  the  titalltj^, 
and  therefore  the  germination  of  ttie  seeds,  oc- 
curred to  Mr.  Martin  F.  Tupper,  the  well-kilbWn 
author ;  a  friend  of  his  gave  him  ttvelv6  grains  of 


tvh^ai;  taken  out  of  a  vase  in  a  mummy  pit  at 
Thebes.  Mr.  Tupper  planted  these  in  garden- 
pots  ;  and  fouP  of  the  seeds  grew,  and  brought 
forth  fruit.  A  mOst  interesting  account  of  this 
wonder  tvas  published  in  The  Gardeiiers'  Chronicle, 
Saturday,  ifTovSmber  11,  1843;  together  with  a 
woodcut  of  the  ear  of  wheat  produced  from  one 
of  these  grains.  One  of  my  intimate  friends  saw 
these  four  plants  growings  and  there  can  be  nd 
doubt  of  their  genuine  authenticity.  Centceiok. 
Athenaeum. 

Under  the  head  of  "  Spontaneous  Plants,"  I 
have  the  following  note  from  a  paper  of  the 
date :  — 

"  On  boring  for  water  lately  [June  1832],  at  Kingstori- 
upon-Thames,  some  earth  was  brought  up  from  a  depth 
of  360  feet ;  this  earth  was  carefully  covered  over  with  a 
hand-glass,  to  prevent  the  possibility  of  any  other  seed 
being  deposited  on  it :  yet,  in  a  short  time,  plants  vegetated 
from  it.  If  quick-lime  be  put  upon  l^nd  which  frorii 
time  immemorial  has  produced  nothing  but  hfeather,  the 
heather  will  be  killed^  and  white  clover  spring  up  in  its 
place." 

Is  this  latter  asset-tiori  a  fact  ?    . 
The  following  on  the  same  subject  is  given  in 
the  Magazine  of  Science,  1839  :  — 

"  After  the  great  fire  of  London,  1666,  the  entire  sur- 
face of  the  destroyed  city  was  covered  with  such  a  vast, 
profusion  of  a  cruciferous  plant,  the  Sisymbrium  irio  of 
LinuEfeus,  that  it  was  calculated  that  the  whole  of  the 
rest  of  Europe  could  hot  contain  so  many  plants  of  it.  It 
is  also  known,  that  if  a  spring  of  salt  water  makes  its 
appearance  in  a  spot,  even  at  a  great  distance  from  the 
sea,  the  neighbourhood  is  soott  cpvered  with  plants  pecu- 
liar to  a  maritiine  locality,  which  plants  have  previously 
been  qiiite  strangers  to  the  country.  -u  ■ 

"  In  a  Work  iipon  the  Useful  Mosses,  by  M.  de  Brebis- 
soh,  this  botanist  states  that  a  pond,  in  the  neighbour- 
hood 6f  Faiairi,  having  been  rendered  dry  during  many 
weeks  in  the  height  of  siimmer,  the  mud,  ih  drying;  was 
immediately  covered,  to  the  extent  of  many  square  yards, 
by  a  minute,  compact  green  leaf,  formed  by  ati  almost 
imperceptible  moss  (the  Phaseum  axillare),  the  stalks  of 
which  were  so  close  to  each  other,  that  upon  a  square 
inch  of  this  new  soil  might  be  counted  more  than  five 
thousand  individuals  of  this  minute  plant,  which  had 
never  previously  been  observed  in  the  country." 

As  slightly  connected  with  this  subject,  may  I 
ask  if  there  is  any  foundation  for  the  followingy 
quoted  from  St.  Pierre,  by  Sir  R.  f  hillips  ? 

"  Barley,  in  rainy  years,  degenerates  into  oats ;  and 
oats,  in,  dry  seasoiis,  changes  into  barley.  These  facts, 
related  by  Pliny,  Galen,  and  Mathiola,  have  been  con- 
firiKed  by  the  experiments  of  naturalists. ' 

R.  W.  Hackwooi). 

Coffhr  (2"^  S.  ii.  69.)— In  the  Glossary  of  Air ^ 
chitectutei  vol.  i.,  I  find  the  ftlllbwing  explanation 
of  this  word  :  "  Coffer,  a  deep  panel  in  a  ceiling  ; 
the  same  as  si  caisson"  Cbisson  was  a  term 
adopted  from  the  Ft-ehch  for  the  Sraiall  panels  of 
flat  and  drched  ceilirigS.  F.  M.  MibDi-BTOW. 

Ellastone,  Staffordshire. ' 


118 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nds.  N0  32.J  Aug.  9. '56. 


Aristotle's  Logic  (2"'»  S.  ii.  81,  82.)  —  Tliere  is 
an  edition  of  Aristotle's  Organon  in  two  volumes 
bj  Theod.  Waitz,  Ph.  Dr.,  Lipsise,  Hahnii,  1844 
— 46.  It  contains  the  Greek  Testament,  with 
various  readings  at  the  foot  of  the  page ;  and  at 
the  end  of  each  treatise  are  some  Latin  notes. 

H.  A.  C. 

Aristotle's  Proverbs  (2"'^  S.  ii.  48.)  —  Diogenes 
Laertius,  in  his  Catalogue  of  Aristotle's  writings, 
mentions  a  Book  of  Proverbs.  Zeus. 

Benjamin  Franklin  (2"''  S.  ii.  76.)  —  For  the 
sake  of  accuracy  I  may  be  permitted  through  the 
editor's  indulgence  to  correct  an  error  into  which 
I  have  fallen  by  trusting  too  much  to  memory,  in 
stating  Franklin  to  have  been  "  the  minister  pleni- 
potentiary from  the  American  Congress  to  the 
court  of  London,"  in  1779,  instead  of  to  the 
court  of  France  ;  and  to  atone  for  this  mistake  I 
shall  give  an  amusing  extract  from  the  French 
Louse  (formerly  quoted),  depicting  the  philosopher 
at  this  important  time  of  his  political  career  : 

"In  order  better  to  observe  him  (says  the  Louse,  p.  19.) 
I  fastened  upon  a  flower  which  adorned  my  mistress's 
hair.  By  good  fortune  I  found  myself  placed  directly 
opposite  to  monsieur  ambassador,  and  here  I  must  ac- 
knowledge that  I  was  not  able  to  forbear  laughing  heartily 
when  I  contemplated  the  grotesque  figure  of  this  original, 
who  with  a  vulgar  person  and  a  mean  appearance  affected 
the  air  and  gestures  of  a  fop.  A  sun  burnt  complexion, 
a  wrinkled  forehead,  warts  in  many  places  which  might 
be  said  to  be  as  graceful  in  him  as  the  moles  that  dis- 
tinguished the  sweet  face  of  the  Countess  of  Barry.  With 
these  he  had  the  advantage  of  a  double  chin,  to  which 
was  added  a  great  bulk  of  nose,  and  teeth  which  might 
have  been  taken  for  cloves  had  they  not  been  set  fast  in  a 
thick  jaw.  This,  or  something  very  like  this,  is  the  true 
picture  of  his  excellency.  As  for  his  eyes  I  could  not 
distinguish  them  because  of  the  situation  I  was  in,  and 
besides  a  large  pair  of  spectacles  hid  two-thirds  of  his 
face." 

A  portrait  of  Franklin  (said  to  be  an  original) 
which  may  be  seen  in  the  Glasgow  Athenceum 
Reading  Room  corroborates  in  several  of  its  details 
the  above  description.  G.  N. 

Parish  Registers  (2"'^  S.  ii.  66.)  — It  will  be 
very  necessary  for  any  Member  who  brings  before 
Parliament  a  project  for  printing  parish  registers 
to  be  able  to  give  some  idea  of  the  expense.  I 
suggest,  therefore,  that  only  registers  prior  to 
1700  should  be  printed,  and  that  they  should  be 
printed  verbatim.  If  one  of  your  correspondents 
would  have  the  register  of  a  small  parish  printed, 
and  keep  an  account  of  the  expense,  it  would 
assist  the  object  very  much  ;  he  might  dispose  of 
copies  to  many  of  your  subscribers  to  reimburse 
himself. 

I  possess  several  printed  pamphlets  containing 
"  extracts  "  from  registers,  but  I  believe  that  the 
only  entire  register  printed  verbatim  is  that  printed 
by  me  in  1831  (the  Livre  des  Anglois  a.  Geneve^ 


pp.  18.),  from  a  copy  examined  with  the  original 
by  the  late  Sir  Egerton  Brydges. 

The  greatest  difficulty  in  effecting  this  im- 
portant object  will  be  the  copy  for  the  printer,  as 
many  of  the  early  registers  are  only  legible  by 
those  accustomed  to  the  character  and  abbrevia- 
tions of  the  sixteenth  century.  It  was  only  last 
month  that  I  was  requested  by  a  rural  dean  to 
pay  him  a  visit  and  decipher  some  early  registers 
in  his  deanery.  As  the  parishes  must  have  a 
period  of  two  or  three  years  to  carry  out  the 
measure,  should  it  pass  into  a  law,  it  will  afford 
time  for  the  incumbents,  where  necessary,  to  pro- 
cure the  assistance  of  some  antiquarian  friend  to 
collate  the  obscure  portions  of  their  register. 

J.  S.  Burn. 

Grove  House,  Henley. 

"Pence  a  piece"  (2°'^  S.  ii.  66.)  —  I  can  in- 
form your  correspondent  W.  (1.)  that  this  form 
of  expression  is  not  confined  to  Herefordshire, 
but  is  in  constant  use  here,  as  in  other  parts  of 
Ireland,  to  the  entire  exclusion  of  the  legitimate 
"  penny  a  piece."  As  to  its  etymology  I  cannot 
give  him  any  certain  information,  but  it  seems  to 
me  probable  that  it  is  a  modification  of  two,  three, 
four,  pence,  &c.,  the  numeral  being  omitted  in  the 
case  of  a  single  penny.  H.  Draper. 

Dublin. 

In  answer  to  the  Query  of  W.,  as  to  the  an- 
tiquity and  locality  of  this  mode  of  expression,  I 
have  to  observe  that  it  prevails  in  Staffordshire, 
where  fifty  years  ago  I  remember  a  familiar  ex- 
pression of  a  woman  who  sold  gingerbread,  fruit, 
&c.,  and  being  asked  the  price  of  some  of  her  com- 
modities, used  to  answer,  "  They  are  halfpence  a 
piece."  F.  C.  H. 

In  answer  to  the  Query  as  to  the  locality  of  the 
phrase  "Pence-a-piece,"  I  can  give  my  mite  of 
information,  that  a  similar  expression,  "  Pennies- 
a-piece,"  is  common  in  Scotland.         E.  E.  Btng. 

Plunkett's  ''Light  to  the  Blind"  (1"  S.  vi.  341.) 

This  MS.  is  in  the  possession  of  the  Earl  of 

Fingall,  and  is  the  work  of  a  zealous  Roman 
Catholic  and  a  mortal  enemy  of  England.  The 
date  on  the  title-page  is  1711.  Large  extracts 
from  it  are  among  the  Mackintosh  MSS.  ;  and 
it  is  frequently  referred  to  by  Mr.  Macaulay. 

Abhba. 

Rubrical  Query  (P'  S.  x.  127.)  —  Looking  over 
the  past  numbers  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  I  met  with  the 
following  Query  by  the  Rev.  Wm.  Fraser  : 

"  The  rubric  to  the  versicles  that  precede  the  three 
collects  at  Morning  and  Evening  Prayer  states,  '  Then 
the  priest  standing  up,  shall  say,'  &c.  After  this  rubric, 
on  what  authority  does  the  priest  kneel  down  again  ?  " 

This  question  is  at  once  disposed  of  by  refer- 
ence to  the  following  rubric  which  intervenes  be- 


J 


2nd  s.  N*  32.,  Aug.  9.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


119 


tween  the  versicles  above-named  and  the  "  Second 
Collect,  for  Peace,"  in  the  Morning  Service  : 

«  Then  sshall  follow  three  collects ;  the  first  of  the  day, 
■which  shall  be  the  same  that  is  appointed  at  the  Com- 
munion ;  the  second  for  Peace ;  the  third  for  Grace  to 
live  well.  And  the  two  last  collects  shall  never  alter, 
but  daily  be  said  at  Morning  Prayer  throughout  all  the 
year,  as  foUoweth  ;  all  kneeling." 

The  corresponding  rubric  in  The  Order  for 
Evening  Prayer  runs  thus  : 

"Then  shall  follow' three  Collects;  the  tirst  of  the 
Dav ;  the  second  for  Peace ;  the  third  for  Aid  against  all 
Perils,  as  hereafter  followeth ;  which  two  last  collects 
shall  be  daily  said  at  Evening  Prayer  without  alteration." 

It  was  unnecessary  to  repeat  in  the  rubric  pre- 
fixed to  the  collects  in  the  Evening  Service 
what  had  been  explicitly  stated  in  the  correspond- 
ing rubric  in  the  Morning  Service,  namely,  that 
the  collects  should  be  said,  all  kneeling.        M.  A. 

Galilee  (2"^  S.  i.  131.  197.  243.)  —  In  the  In- 
dex to  the  First  Vol.  of  the  New  Series  of  "  N.  & 
Q."  the  word  "  Galilee "  is  set  down  as  being 
synonymous  with  "  porch."  According  to  Mabil- 
lon  it  is  synonymous  with  "  nave,"  as  the  following 
extract  will  testify : 

"  Idem  Willelmus  eodera  anno,  ordinationis  sua3  secundo, 
teloneum  in  fluvio  Ligeris  ad  castrum  Langey  recuperasse 
dicitur:  cujus  rei  charta  primaria  facta  est  in  Galilaa 
monasterii,  id  est  navi  Ecchsue,  et  transcripta  in  libro 
notitiarum."  —  Mabillon,  Annales  Benedictini,  a.  1105. 
§  100.  vol.  V.  p.  477.    Paris,  1713. 

W.  B.  MacCabb. 

Device  of  Crescent  and  Star  on  Ecclesiastical 
Seals  (S""*  S.  ii.  89.)  —  The  seal  of  the  Dean 
and  Chapter  of  Waterford  referred  to  by  the 
Rev.  James  Graves,  has  been  engraved  by  Mr. 
Rich.  Caulfield,  in  his  Sigillai  Ecclesia  Hibernicce 
Illustrata,  Part  ii.  pi.  3.,  and  described  at  p.  18.  In 
an  explanation  of  the  Crescent  and  Star,  he  refers 
to  p.  8.,  where  it  says  that  the  "  Star  is  the  symbol 
of  the  Epiphany,  and  that  the  Crescent  signifies 
the  increase  of  the  Gospel."  Z. 

English  Words  terminating  in  "z7"  (2"'*  S.  ii. 
47.)  —  Your  correspondent  E.  C.  H.  remarks  on 
the  small  number  of  English  words  having  the 
termination  27,  and  gives  the  five  words  yjenZ,  civil, 
council,  evil,  devil,  as  the  only  ones  occurring  to 
him  at  the  time.  He  may  wish  to  be  reminded  of 
the  fifteen  following  words  in  addition,  all  having 
the  termination  il :  codicil,  pencil,  lentil,  until, 
cavil,  stencil,  pistil,  tendril,  tumbril,  tranquil,  tonsil, 
vigil,  basil,  jonquil,  nostril.  T.  J.  E. 

Human  Leather  (2"'i  S.  ii.  68.)  — The  human 
leather  nailed  on  some  of  our  old  church-doors  is 
suid  to  have  been  originally  the  skins,  or  portions 
of  the  skins,  of  Danes.  The  old  Bohemian  leader, 
Ziska,  ordered  that  his  body  should  be  flayed 
after  his  decease,  and  the  skin  be  converted  into 


the  head  of  a  drum.  These  instances,  however, 
of  making  leather  or  parchment  of  human  skin 
are  well  known.  With  respect  to  specimens  of 
skin  in  museums,  I  know  of  only  one  example.  In 
the  museum  of  the  Philosophical  Institution  at 
Reading,  there  was,  some  years  ago,  and  perhaps 
there  still  is,  a  small  portion  of  the  skin  of  Jeremy 
Bentham.  I  remember  that  it  bore  a  close  re- 
semblance to  a  yellow  and  shrivelled  piece  of 
parchment.  J.  Doran. 

Ornamental  Hermits.  —  Some  of  your  earlier 
volumes  (P'  S.  v.  vi.)  contained  Queries  on  this 
subject.     Is  this  note  worth  adding? 

"  Archibald  Hamilton,  afterwards  Duke  of  Hamilton 
(as  his  daughter,  Lady  Dunmore,  told  me),  advertised  for 
•  a  hermit'  as  an  ornament  to  his  pleasure  grounds;  and 
it  was  stipulated  that  the  said  hermit  should  have  his 
beard  shaved  but  once  a  vear,  and  that  only  partially." — 
Rogers's  Table-Talk,  p.  77". 

A.  A.  D. 

Fairies  (2"''  S.  i.  393.)  —  It  may  interest  some 
to  know,  that  the  July  number  of  the  Spiritual 
Herald  contains  an  account  of  the  fairy-seership 
of  an  educated  lady  of  our  own  time,  not  less  re- 
markable than  that  mentioned  in  "N.  &  Q."  of 
an  untaught  Cornish  girl  of  200  years  ago.  I 
transcribe  a  few  lines  relating  the  commencement 
of  this  fairy-seership,  and  also  a  curious  mention 
of  Shakspeare : — 

"  I  used  to  spend  a  great  deal  of  my  time  alone  in  our 
garden,  and  I  think  it  must  have  been  soon  after  my 
brother's  death,  that  I  first  saw  (or  perhaps  recollect 
seeing)  fairies.  I  happened  one  day  to  break  (with  a 
little  whip  I  had)  the  tlower  of  a  buttercup ;  a  little 
while  after,  as  I  was  resting  on  the  grass,  I  heard  a  tiny, 
but  most  beautiful  voice,  saj'ing,  'Buttercup,  who  has 
broken  your  house?  '  Then  another  voice  replied,  'That 
little  girl  that  is  lying  close  by  you.'  I  listened  in  great 
wonder,  and  looked  about  me,  until  I  saw  a  daisy,  in 
which  stood  a  little  figure  not  larger,  certainly,  than  one 
of  its  petals. 

"  When  I  was  between  three  and  four  years  old,  we 
removed  to  London,  and  I  pined  sadly  for  my  country 
home  and  my  fairy  friends.  I  saw  none  of  them  for  a 
long  time ;  I  think  because  I  was  discontented ;  I  did  not 
try  to  make  myself  happy.  At  last  I  found  a  copy  of 
Shakespeare  in  mj'  father's  study,  which  delighted  me  so 
much  (though  I  don't  suppose  I  understood  much  of  it), 
that  I  soon  forgot  we  were  living  where  I  could  not  see 
a  tree  or  a  tlower.  I  used  to  take  the  book,  and  my  little 
chair,  and  sit  in  a  paved  yard  we  had  (I  could  see  the 
sky  there).  One  day,  as  I  was  reading  the  Midsummer 
Night's  Dream,  I  happened  to  look  up,  and  saw  before 
me  a  patch  of  soft,  green  grass,  with  the  fairy  ring  upon 
it;  whilst  1  was  wondering  how  it  came,  my  old  friends 
appeared,  and  acted  the  whole  play  (I  suppose  to  amuse 
me).  After  this,  they  often  came,  and  did  the  same  with 
some  of  the  other  plavs." 

A.  R. 

Council  of  Lima  (2""^  S.  i.  510.)  —  Clericxjs 
(D.)  will  find  some  account  of  the  decrees  of  the 
Council  of  Lima  in  the  Continuation  of  Fleury's 
Hist.  Eccles.,  vol.  xxiv.  1.  176.  ch.  72.         F.  C.  fl. 


120 


NOTfJS  AND  QUEBIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  32.,  4,BG.  9.  '58. 


Mrs.  Siddons  (2-"*  S.  ii.  89.)  —  With  regard  to 
IVfrs.  Siddons  pif^king  her  first  appearance  on  the 
stage  at  Stourbridge,  I  have  heard  from  an  pld 
relatiqn  who  knev  the  circun>stances,  that  the 
occasion  was  for  the  benefit  of  the  company,  which 
was  but  indifferent  in  their  profession,  and  very 
poor.  Some  attractions  they  doubtjess  had,  ^and 
the  officers  of  a  regiment  stationed  in  the  towi^ 
yolunteered  thpir  assistance.  Mrs.  Siddons,  then 
a  lively  girl  of  fifteen  years  of  age,  enacted  the 
heroine  of  the  piece,  and  having  to  faint  in  the 
hei'o's  arms,  she  burst  out  laughing,  and  ran  off 
the  stage  to  the  great  annoyance  of  the  officei', 
who  afterwards  declared  he  felt  "  so  provoked  that 
he  could  almost  have  stabbed  her."  I  think  the 
play  lyas  the  Grecian  f)aughter,  but  of  this  I  am 
no);  quite  sure,  as  J  do  not  Isnow  that  play. 

E.  S.  W. 

Norwich. 

_  Wolves  (2"'^  S.  i.  96. 282.)  —  The  following  par- 
ticulars, which  form  a  note  to  Macaulay's  History 
of  England,  vol.  iii.  p.  136.,  are  interesting : 

"  In  a  very  full  account  of  the  British  isles  published  at 
Nuremberg  in  J.690,  Kerry  js  described  as  '  an  vielen 
Often  unwegsam  und  voller  Walder  und  Geburge.' 
Wolves  still  infested  Ireland.  'BLein  schadlich  Thier  ist 
da,  ausserhalb  Wolff  und  fiichse.'  So  late  as  the  year 
1710  money  was  levied  on  presentuients  of  the  Grand 
Jury  of  Kerry  [  ?]  for  the  destruction  of  wolves  in  that 
county.  See  Smith's  Ancient  and  Modern  State  of  the 
County  of  Kerry,  1756.  [p.  173.]  I  do  not  know  that  I 
have  ever  met  with  a  better  book  of  the  kind  and  of  the 
size.  In  a  poem  published  as  late  as  1719,  and  entitled 
Macdermot,  or  the  Irish  Fortune  Hunter,  in  six  cantos, 
wolf-hunting  and  wolf-spearing  are  represented  as  common 
sports  in  Munster.  In  William's  reign  Ireland  was  some- 
times called  by  the  nickname  of  Wolfland.  Thus  in  a 
poem  on  the  battle  of  La  Hogue,  called  Advice  to  a 
Painter,  the  terror  of  the  Irish  army  is  thus  described : 

'  A  chilling  damp, 
'  And  Wolfland  howl  run§  thro'  the  rising  camp.' " 

Abhba. 

Medal  of  Charles  I.  (2°'^  S.  ii.  29.)  —  It  may 
interest  G.  H.  C.  to  know  that  I  have  a  comme- 
morative medal  of  Charles  I.  It  is  of  bronze,  two 
inches  in  diameter.  On  the  obverse  is  the  profile 
of  that  ill-fated  sovereign,  with  the  inscription, 

"  Carol,  p.  G.  M.  B.  F.  ET.  H.  BEX.  ET.  GLOK.  MEM." 

On  the  reverse  a  landscape,  a  naked  arm  issuant 
from  the  clouds,  and  extending  a  martyral  crown, 
with  the  legend,  "  virtvtem.  ex.  me.  fobtvnam. 
EX.  ALjis."  I  should  like  to  compare  "  notes  "  with 
your  trinitial  Querist  G.  H.  C.  on  our  Carolinian 
relics.  E.  L.  S. 

Deans,  Canons,  and  Prebendaries  of  Cathedrals 
(2'«>  S.  ii.  89.)  — ScRiPSiT  will  find  the  sought-for 
information  in  Report  of  the  Commissioners  ap- 
pointed by  King  William  the  Fourth  to  inquire  into 
the  Ecclesiastical  Benenues  of  England  and  Wales, 
(dated  June  J6,  1835)  ;  presented  to  both  Houses 


of  Parliament  by  Command  of  His  Majesty.  Vide 
Hansard's  sale  list  of  Parliamentary  Papers,  from 
Session  1836  to  1853,  title,  "Papers  presented  by 
Command,"  year  1836-(67).  Ecclesiastical  Re- 
venues, England  and  Wales,  Report  of  Commis- 
sioners, Us.  Henry  Edwards. 

In  Mr.  Hardy's  edition  of  Le  Neve's  Fasti,  and  in 
the  Clergy  List,  the  names  of  the  prebendal  stalls 
are  given.  In  the  Clergy  List  will  also  be  found 
the  various  parishes  forming  rural  deaneries. 

Mackenzie  Walcott,  M.A. 

*'  To  call  a  spade  a  spade"  (2""^  S.  ii.  26.)  —  In 
P'  S.  iv.  456.  a  note  of  Scaliger  is  cited,  in  which 
this  saying  is  traced  to  Aristophanes.  The  verse 
in  question  appears  from  the  quotation  of  Lucian, 
Quom.  Hist,  sit  conscrib.,  to  have  been  — 

"  Ta  <rvKa  (TVKa,  rrfv  <TKa.<^T]v  <rKaif>rjv  Kiyiav." 

See  also  Lucian,  Jov.  Trag ,  32.  Other  references 
to  this  verse,  which  is  nowhere  ascribed  by  name 
to  Aristophanes,  are  given  in  the  note  of  C.  F. 
Hermann,  in  his  edition  of  the  former  treatise, 
p.  248.  The  proverb  is  inserted  in  the  Adagia  of 
Erasmus,  under  the  head  of  "  Libertas,  Veritas." 

L. 


BOOKS  AND  ODD  VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PURCHASE. 

Strickland's  Qukens  of  England.    Vol.  I.    8vo.    Edit.  1853. 

»«»  Letters,  atating  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carriage  free,  to  be 
sent  to  Messrs.  Bell  &  Daldv,  Publishers  of  "  NO'JCES  AND 
QUERIES,"  186.  Fleet  Street. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  wliose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose  : 

Stkvpe's  Cranmer.    Vol.  III. 

The   Prayer   Boos  accobdino  to  the   Text  of  the  Seaud  Books. 

Vol.  III. 
Field  of  the  Chdbch.    Last  Vol. 

AH  published  by  the  Ecclesiastical  History  Society. 
Wanted  by  Rev.  J.  Bleasdell,  Macclesfield,  Cheshire. 


fiaiitti  ta  (Hatvti^axiHtwii. 

We  are  compelled  to  postpone  until  next  weeh  many  interesting  papers 
and  our  iisual  Notes  on  Books. 

T.  O.  F.  The  Biographical  Memoirs  of  Extraordinary  Painters  was 
one  of  the  very  original  works  produced  by  Becliford,  the  author  of 
Vathek. 

The  Trusty  Servant  at  Winchester.  A  Wyccammite  will  find 
this  curious  Middle-Age  Memorial  fuUy  illustrated  in  our  "  N.  &  Q.," 
V.  417.  i  vi.  12. 417.495. 

IrJDEx  TO  THE  FiRST  Series.  As  thU  is  now  puhlishi'd,  and  the  im- 
pression is  a  limited  one.  such  of  our  readers  as  desire  copies  wo"ld  do 
well  to  intimate  their  wish  to  their  respective  booksellers  nithout  delay . 
Our  piibli-hers,  Messrs.  Bell  &  Hhldv,  will  forward  copies  by  post  on 
receipt  of  a  Post  Office  Order  fur  Five  Shillings. 

"  Notes  and  Qdebies  "  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  so  that  the 
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deliver  them  to  their  Subscribers  on  the  Saturday. 

"  NoTFs  AND  Queries  "  is  also  issued  in  Monthly  Parts,  for  the  con- 
venience of  those  who  mny  either  have  a  dij^culty  in  procfiring  the  un- 
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favour  of  the  Publisher,  Mn.  George  Bell,  No.  186.  Fleet  Street. 


2°'»S.  No33.,Aua.l6. '56.] 


NOTES  ANP  QUERIES. 


121 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  AUGUST  16.  1856. 


ANCIENT   PABI8H   BOOKS    AT   EAST   BEBGHOLT, 
SUFFOLK. 

In  the  church  at  this  place  thei'e  is  a  massive 
oak  chest,  apparently  at  least  three  hundred  years 
old,  Avhich  contains  various  books  relative  to  pa- 
rochial affairs,  in  pretty  good  preservation,  and 
from  which  the  following  particulars  have  been 
selected : 

"  Anno  Dn'  1579  et  in  Anno  Regnl  Dne  y^°  xxi  Elisa- 
betheo  Dei  Gracia  Anglie  Francie  et  Hibernie  regine, 

"  A  Boke  intituled  the  boke  of  accounte  for  the  store 
liousse  ffor  the  provissione  for  the  pore,  withe  the  entries 
of  rccorde  of  tlie  givers  of  all  suclie  somes  of  monye  as  to 
the  same  to  belonge,  and  the  order  appoynted  for  the 
same,  with  a  remembrance  of  the  Charters  and  Libertie  of 
this  towne  of  East  Bergholt,  and  the  coppies  of  the  store 
housse  and  other  housses  belonging  to  the  pore,  wh"  are 
kept  in  a  cheste  in  the  belfrye,  under  the  locke,  whereof 
the  one  kye  remayneth  withe  the  churchwardens,  one 
other  withe  the  minister,  and  the  other  with  the  provider 
ffor  the  pore  ffor  the  tjmie  beinge,  and  wretten  the  sea- 
venthe  daie  of  November  and  in  the  year  above  said. 

"Iilemorand.  whereas  these  giftes  hereafter  recyted, 
and  all  such  as  hereafter  shall  be  geven  and  Avreten  in 
this  boke  which  somes  and  evry  p.cell  thereof  ys  geven 
to  the  iiitente  and  purpose  that  the  same  shoulde  be 
yerely  and  every  yere  imployed  and  bestowed  uppon 
corne,  chese,  butter,  and  other  necessarie  vittales  to  be 
boughte  ffor  ready  monye,  or  the  same  monye  or  such  p'« 
thereof  to  be  laide  oute  aforhande  by  the  disscresious  of 
the  p.vider  for  the  tyme  beinge.  To  the  intente  to  buye 
the  same  corne  and  other  vittales  at  the  reasonablest 
pryce  that  the  same  maie  be  hadd,  and  the  same  to  be 
soullde  agayne  by  the  saide  p.vider  for  the  tyme  beinge 
to  such  -pore  ffoike  as  shall  be  yerely  named  by  the 
p.viders  disscression  that  shall  take  the  same  ffor  the 
yere  then  to  come,  and  the  p.vider  whiche  shall  geve 
upp  his  accounte  for  the  yere  past,  withe  the  consent  of 
two,  three,  or  ffower  of  the  chefest  of  the  p.rish,  that  ys 
or  tiien  shall  be  at  suche  reasonable  prj^ses  as  the  same 
maye  convenientlye  be  afforded  at  the  disscression  of  the 
saide  p.vider  for  the  tyme  beinge.  So  as  the  saides  whole 
stocke  may  be  reserved  and  kept  whole  with  some  in- 
crease of  the  saide  stocke,  yf  the  same  maj'e  conveniently 
be  taken  ffor  the  better  performance  of  and  gocinge  for- 
Avard  in  this  good  intente  and  purpose,  yt  is  agreed  by 
consent  of  the  moste  of  the  chefest  of  the  inhabitants  of 
this  towne  of  East  Bergholt  whose  names  are  here  under 
Avreten,  that  there  shall  be  chosen  and  named  yerely  and 
everj'-  j-ere,  on  Easter  mundaj-e  or  tuesdaye,  by  the  con- 
sent of  the  churchwardens  for  the  tyme  beinge,  and  ten, 
aight,  six,  or  ffour,  or  three  at  the  leaste  of  the  chefest  of 
the  towne,  one  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  saide  towne  to  be 
named  the  p.vider  for  the  pore  for  the  yere  then  next  to 
come,  and  to  begynne  his  yere  at  the  ffeaste  of  Pentecost, 
which  saide  p.vider  withe  the  churchwardens  then  beinge 
and  the  other  townsmen,  aight,  six,  four  or  three,  the 
saide  p.vider  for  the  yere  then  ended  shall  geve  upp  his 
account,  and  deliver  such  monj'e  as  he  shall  have  re- 
cevyed  of  the  same  stocke,  with  the  corne  and  vittales 
whiche  shall  then  remayne,  yf  any  be,  beinge  good, 
sweete,  and  murchanta^le,  such. as  shall  be  accepted  by 


the  newe  p.vider.  The  churchwardens,  and  ten,  ai^ht, 
sixe,  ffouer  or  three  other  at  the  leaste  shall  like  of  to  be 
worthe  the  same  pryce  as  he  shall  rate  the  same  at,  or 
ells  to  make  whole  the  saide  stocke  which  he  shall  have 
recyved,  and  the  same  p.sentlye  to  delyver  to  the  p.vider 
then  newlye  chosen. 

"  Item,  yt  is  agreed  by  cure  consente  whose  names  are 
hereunder  wreten,  that  the  p.vider  ffor  the  tyme  and  yere 
to  come  iihall  enter  bonde  to  the  churchwardens  then 
beinge,  in  tenn  pounde  of  good  and  lawful  monye,  more 
than  the  some  which  he  shall  recyve,  to  make  a  trewe 
account  of  the  saide  stocke,  or  to  paye  the  saide  stocke  to 
the  saide  newe  p.vider,  churchwardens,  and  other  of  the 
townsmen,  and  the  same  bonde  to  be  made,  sealled,  and 
delivered  accoi'dinge  to  such  effecte  as  new  p.vider  bathe 
alredye  begonne.  The  whole  Bonde  shall  be  and  re- 
mayne in  the  sayed  cheste  provided  for  these  causes. 
AUso  yt  is  agreed  by  the  saide  p.ties  whose  names  are 
hereunder  wreten,  that  yf  it  happen  anyc  of  the  saide 
p.ties  who  maye  be  chosen  and  named  to  be  p.vider  for 
anye  yere  to  come  shall  refuse  to-  doo  the  same,  and  to 
accomplishe  this  good  order  in  every  poynte  accordinge 
to  the  good  intente  begonne,  then  the  said  p.tie  so  rcfus- 
inge  shall  loose  and  paye  twenty  shillings  of  lawful 
monye  for  his  discharge  of  that  j-ere  onlye,  to  be  and  re- 
mayne to  the  increase  of  this  stocke.  And  there  shall  be 
chosen  one  other  bj"  the  like  consente  as  for  the  same 
cause  ys  p.vided  and  appoynted.  Itm.,  yf  it  shall  happen 
that  this  good  order  and  purpose  be  not  observed  and 
kept,  but  that  the  same  stocke  lye  deade  by  the  space  of 
one  whole  yere  and  be  not  imploj'ed,  bestowed,  and  or- 
dered according  to  the  trewe  meanyinges  of  the  sayd 
givers  of  the  same,  as  in  the  saide  severall  giftes  are  re- 
hersed,  that  then  the  same  stocke  shall  be  and  remayne 
unto  the  same  persons  againe  their  executors  or  assigns, 
or  the  executors  of  suche  as  by  Will  have  geven  the 
same  or  suche  p.tye  as  ys  by  them  geven,  to  be  and  re- 
maj'nc  as  in  their  ftormer  estate  at  the  tyme  of  the  deli- 
verye  of  the  same  p'^  of  the  sayed  stocke." 
[Here  follow  the  signatures.] 

"  Here  folio  weth  a  trewe  rehersall  or  declaration  of  all 
such  several  somes  of  monye  as  hathe  been  geven  by 
certen  of  the  inhabitants  of  this  towne  by  tlieire  owne 
hands,  or  willed  by  there  last  wills,  to  be  geven  for  the 
increasinge  of  a  stocke  of  monye  to  be  used  and  imployed 
to  the  buyenge  of  corne  and  other  victualls  for  the  benefite 
of  the  pore,  with  the  names  of  all  suche  as  hath  geven  or 
willed  the  saide,severall  somes  of  money  to  be  geven. 

"1608.  An  extreme  sharpe  frost,  wh°  so  moch  foulk 
and  fvsh  dyed  by  the  frost. 

"1637.  Collected  the  6*  of  June  of  the  inhabitants  of 
East  Bergholt  for  and  towards  a  vollentary  gift  for  the 
releife  of  the  poore  of  Hadlygh,  which  was  vissited  with 
the  plague,  and  was  payed  to  Mr.  T.  Bretton  of  Hitcham. 
The  some  of  monye  so  collected  was  twentie  pounds, 
eygtheen  shillings  and  twopence. 

"  The  sixteenth  day  of  September,  1650,  att  the  house 
of  Abraham  Newton  then  niett,  itt  was  agreed  as  follows. 
That  Captaine  Goff  doe  speake  unto  the  Churchwardens 
to  repaire  the  church  speedily,  and  that  Goodman  James 
Haj'ward  speeke  unto  Goodman  Turner  to  riugo  the  ser- 
mon bell  a  longer  distance  of  time  than  usually  he  hath 
done  before  the  little  bell,  and  a  longer  season  to  ringe  it 
out,  that  the  inhabitants  afarr  off  may  well  heare  it.  The 
19th  of  May,  1651.  Imprimis,  it  is  agreed  that  there  shall 
be  but  foure  houses  licensed  for  drawinge  of  beere,  two 
in  the  Streete,  one  at  Gaston's  End,  and  the  other  at 
Baker's  End.  Anthony  Bunn  to  sell  beere  Avithout  doores 
at  Baker's  End.  Also  it  is  ordered  that  Goodman  Pira- 
merton  be  asked  to  go  to  a  Justice  and  renew  a  warrant 


122 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  isfo  33„  Aug.  16.  '56. 


for  preventing  a  shoemaker  from  making  a  settlement  in 
our  towne. 

"April  4*h,  1659,  being  Easter  Monday.  It  is  agreed  y' 
the  neighbours  of  the  towne  set  about  looking  what  mis- 
orders  be  in  the  said  towne,  and  take  care  for  the  pre- 
venting and  punishing  them,  as  of  Inmates,  Unlicensed 
Ale  houses,  strangers  roming  into  the  towne,  and  all  other 
misdemeanours.  11th  November,  1660.  Imprimis,  agreed 
y'  not  any  of  the  poore  but  such  as  take  Collection,  and 
are  verj'  poore  besides,  shall  have  any  coals  measured 
and  attnine  pence  a  bushel  to  be  sold.  The  2n<i  day  of 
September,  1661.*  Ordered  as  followeth  :  Imprimis,  y*  the 
officers  and  some  other  of  the  townsmen  do  goe  and  take 
notice  of  what  disorders  are  in  the  Alehouses,  and  of  what 
inmates  and  strangers  are  in  the  towne,  as  alsoe  to  exe- 
cute the  warrants  against  offenders  that  are  already 
taken  out.  Memorand.  July  3'"<',  1670.  Collected  by  the 
Churchwardens  of  East  Bergholt,  by  vertue  of  his  Ma- 
jesty's letters  patent  for  the  redemption  of  several  ma- 
riners out  of  slavery  in  the  galleys,  the  juste  sum  of  three 
shillings  and  eight  pence.  1671.  The  monye  that  hath 
been  gathered  for  y^  slavery  in  Turkey  is  £6.  12.  2^. 
1681.  Feby  27.  Imp».  It  is  ordered  that  all  inmates  shall 
have  kindly  notis  by  the  churchwardens  and  overseers  to 
clean  their  houses  before  our  Lady  day  next  insuing,  or 
els  they  will  be  prosecuted  and  proceeded  against  accord- 
ing to  law.  March  y"  2°'',  1684.  It  is  ordered  and  agreed 
y'  all  y"  weights,  scales,  and  measures  belonging  to  y" 
alefounders,  alias  ale-tasters,  be  sufficiently  repaired  and 
amended  fitting  for  their  use,  and  the  charges  thereof  to 
be  disbursed  by  y'' present  treasurer  for  y"  town  lands  and 
stock,  and  if  y"  said  alefounders  at  present  or  y"  succeed- 
ing ones  shall  neglect  to  execute  their  office  according  to 
their  oaths,  that  then  y"  said  treasurer  M""  W™  Ellis  pre- 
sent or  indite  them  at  y^  next  assizes  w"^*^  seem  most 
convenient  to  him.  April  20">,  1G85.  It  is  ordered  and 
agreed  that  if  any  person  lets  a  house  to  a  foreigner,  y" 
tenant  of  which  proves  a  charge  to  y"  town,  that  then  y*' 
landlord  shall  be  double  rated.  Item,  it  ordered  that  M'' 
Kich"!  Michell  and  M"^  Edward  Clark  fetch  a  warrant  for 
any  person  or  persons  that  shall  set  up  any  stall  or  booth 
for  the  pretended  fiiir  this  present  year.  May  3''<i,  1686. 
Collected  by  the  Minister  and  Churchwardens  by  vertue 
of  his  Majestv's  letters  pattent  for  the  releif  of  the  French 
Protestants,  £08.  17.  6.  May  24'^,  1686.  Imprimis.  That 
■whereas  M''  Raj',  Chirurgeon,  did  cure  y"  hand  of  Henry 
Newman,  it  is  left  to  the  discretion  of  y'=  present  overseers 
to  pay  v'=  same.  1690.  Collected  for  the  Irish  Protest- 
ants, £05.  03.  07.  1692,  June  26«\  Collected  towards 
the  redemption  of  500  Christians  in  Turkish  slavery, 
£04  12.  02.  1693.  Grace  Granger,  a  vagabond  sent  to 
Maidstone  in  Kent,  5"^  April,  hath  a  child  w"*  her,  al- 
lowed 40  dales  to  pass.  Dec  13'\  P^  for  2  bottles  of 
sack  to  heel  the  women,  14'  00^.  1694.  Whereas  com- 
plaint was  made,  July  14,  against  the  Churchwardens 
and  overseers  of  the  Parish  of  East  Bergholt  in  Suffolk, 
before  the  Eight  WorshipfuU  Edmund  Bohun,  Esq.,  Jus- 
tice of  the  Peace  for  the  s'^  County,  by  John  Clarke,  La- 
bourer, that  bee  the  s<i  John  was  lame  and  aged,  and  stood 
in  need  of  greater  maintenance  than  was  allowed  him  by 
the  s*  Officers,  and  before  the  s*  Justice  Bohun  did  averr 
that  himselfe,  the  s<i  John  Clarke,  was  sixtj'  six  years  of 
age  and  unable  to  earn  his  living,  and  that  hee  had  like- 
wise two  children  unable  to  earn  their  liveing,  and  that 
the  s"!  officers  have  allowed  him  the  s<i  John  only  seven 
shillings  in  ten  weeks  past  for  and  towards  maintenance 

*  After  this  date  is  the  following :  "  1663,  It  is  agreed 
that  y"  next  towne  meetinge  be  at  Mr.  John  Clarke's,  on 
Whitsixn  munday  next,  and  that  every  man  bring  his 
wife  along  with  him." 


for  himself  and  family:  Wee  the  inhabitants  of  the  s"* 
Parish  have  met  together  and  made  diligent  search  into 
the  truth  of  this  complaint,  and  find  by  the  register  the 
s**  John  Clarke  is  about  58  years  of  age ;  that  he  have 
two  children  is  acknowledged,  both  of  them  daughters, 
but  the  eldest  is  soe  old  that  she  is  adjudged  marriage- 
able, the  youngest  daily  work  and  earn  more,  as  we  verily 
beleive,  than  will  and  doe  maintaine  a  poor  child  of  like 
age  in  another  family.  As  to  that  part  of  the  complaint 
stating  that  he  have  been  allowed  but  seven  shillings  for 
ten  weeks  past :  Wee  the  s*  officers  have  given  the  s* 
John  twelve  shillings  in  nine  weeks  past.  The  s^  John 
now  lives  in  a  town  house  and  pay  no  rent ;  and  that  the 
s<'  John  and  his  family  eat  and  drinke  as  well  and  wear 
as  good  habit  as  many  of  the  eminent  inhabitants  that 
pay  very  considerably  to  the  poor  of  our  s"^  parish.  And 
the  s*  John  Clarke  by  himselfe  or  his  wife  doe  boastingly 
affirm  that  hee  or  shee  have  lent  to  a  certain  clothier, 
who  at  their  house  put  out  spinning  worke,  and  doe  com- 
monly soe  doe  (if  need  require)  lend  him  the  s^  clothier 
three  pounds,  sometimes  Jess,  to  pay  the  spinners.  And 
wee  have  testimony  ready  to  be  made  that  the  wife  of 
the  s'J  John  did  vauntingly  speak  amongst  some  of  her 
poor  neighbours  in  his  hearing,  that  she  would  in  a  quar- 
ter of  an  hour  produce  thirty  pounds;  and  in  the  begin- 
ning of  March  last  past  the  s*  John  Clarke  and  his  wife 
made  complaint  before  the  Right  Worshipful  Sir  Adam 
Holton,  by  whom  they  were  not  credited.  The  present 
officer  sent  Clarke's  wife  eighteen  pence  to  buy  salve  to 
cure  his  legg,  of  which  legg  hee  complain  hee  is  so  lame. 
But  his  s^  wife  have  often  declared  that  for  six  pence  she 
can  cure  the  legg,  and  if  she  please  make  the]  same  leg 
very  sore  and  frightful,  to  move  the  Justice  to  whom  she 
complains  on  behalf  of  her  husband,  and  so  move  him  to 
pity  and  procure  an  order  for  larger  maintenance  than 
they  doe  stand  in  need  of.  Pursuant  to  the  advice  of 
the  s*  Justice  Bohun  we  have  caused  this  defence  to  be 
written  in  the  toun  book,  and  the  names  of  the  chief  in- 
habitants to  be  subscribed,  and  humbly  pray  that  the  s* 
John  Clarke  maj'  not  be  credited  against  us  in  such  fal- 
lacys,  wee  being  willing  to  allow  him  and  them  what 
maintenance  wee  judge  needful,  upon  just  application 
being  made.  July  18'h,  1694.  I  am  fully  satisfied  with 
this  certificate,  and  discharge  the  complaint  as  causeless. 

Edmund  Bohun. 

"  1709.  Mem*.  Mr.  Thomas  Cleer  was  nominated  to 
be  overseer,  he  proferring  to  be  excused  on  account  of  his 
infirmities,  and  agreeing  to  give  five  pounds  to  find  cloth- 
ing for  the  poor,  he  is  unanimously  excused  from  being 
overseer  for  the  present  year.  1711,  Dec^  Paid  for  3 
horses  journeys  to  Justice  Thurston's  for  a  warrant  for  y« 
2  tailors  and  2  shoemakers,  and  journey  to  Stoke,  3'  0''. 
1714,  July  18th.  For  beer  and  wine,  and  for  a  dinner  att 
y  cutting  out  of  ye  cloth  for  ye  poor,  Ol^  12'  00<i.  But  I 
only  charge  15»  for  beer,  wine,  and  y*  dinner.  1719, 
Jan.  27.  Imprimis.  Whenever  any  person  belonging  to 
the  parish  shall  come  to  ask  relief,  before  any  is  given 
the  officer  to  go  and  inventory  the  s*!  persons  goods. 
1720,  Nov""  30"\  Ordered  that  the  churchwardens  or 
overseers  do  directly  get  a  warrant  to  take  up  several 
straggling  wenches,  &c.  that  keep  about  our  town.  1721, 
Dec  27.  Ordered  that  the  Churchwardens  and  Overseers 
do  take  up  all  the  young  fellows  and  wenches  that  are  at 
their  own  hand,  and  make  them  shew  cause  before  a  Jus- 
tice why  they  dont  go  to  service.  1724.  Ordered  that  y" 
overseers  get  a  warrant  for  those  young  women  that  wont 
go  to  service.  1730,  April  15.  Ordered  that  the  Church- 
wardens for  the  time  being  do  pay  for  every  old  fox  or 
badger,  five  shillings,  and  for  every  young  one  that  is  a 
runner  half  a  crown,  excepting  for  a  litter,  and  for  them 
twelve  pence  a  piece.    Ordered,  May  28"^,  that  Mr.  Gul- 


2n'is.  N»33.,  Aug.  16. '56.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


123 


lifer  the  present  churchwarden  pay  John  Howgego  2'  6"* 
each  for  2  foxes  killed  by  him  since  our  order  dated 
April  15"»  last,  for  which  Sam.  Cooper  y"  late  church- 
warden paid  him  but  2'  G^  a  piece.  Whereas  it  hath  been 
an  antient  custom  in  the  parish  of  East  Bergholt,  in  the 
County  of  Suffolk,  for  the  Chief  Inhabitants  to  meet  once 
a  month  or  thereabouts  at  each  others  houses,  there  in  a 
friendly  manner  to  consult  and  advise  and  order  about 
the  poor,  and  the  school,  and  other  affairs  of  the  s^  parish, 
which  custom  has  of  late  been  laid  aside,  to  the  detriment 
of  the  poor  and  hindrance  of  parish  business,  and  lessen- 
ing that  love  and  unity  which  should  be  among  pa- 
rishioners and  neighbours :  In  order,  therefore,  to  revive 
the  s'l  laudable  custom,  for  the  good  ends  intended  by  it. 
The  chief  inhabitants  of  the  s<i  parish  have  agreed  to 
revive  these  neighbourly  meetings  at  each  others  houses  , 
as  heretofore,  upon  due  notice  given  in  the  church  on  the 
Sunday  before  the  s"!  meeting,  and  so  to  continue  succes- 
sively each  one  in  his  turn.  1722,  Sept^  19">.  Ordered 
that  an  enquiry  be  made  into  y«  cause  of  Abraham  Rey- 
nold's sory  death,  and  to  know  y<=  reason  why  the  Coroner 
exacted  so  much  money.  Sept^  24'^.  Ordered  that  the 
Coroner  be  prosecuted  according  to  law  at  the  next 
assizes." 

It  appears  from  the  above  that  this  coroner 
carried  out  "  Crowner's  quest  law "  in  a  manner 
that  was  disapproved  of  by  the  parishioners. 
How  he  passed  through  his  ordeal  at  the  assizes 
is  not  stated. 

♦'  1738,  Oct'  28.  Agreed  at  a  vestry  that  John  Perri- 
man  shall  be  allowed  2'  12'  to  keep  the  boy  Murgen  a 
j'ear  from  the  date  hereof,  he  to  provide  wearing  apparel 
for  the  s^'  boj-,  and  leave  him  in  good  repair  at  the  end  of 
the  year.  1740,  Jany  7*.  Agreed  at  a  vestry  that  Mr. 
J""  Cook  have  the  boy  J""  Cook  from  this  date  to  Mich' 
1742,  he  to  find  the  said  boy  with  meat,  drink,  washing, 
and  lodging,  with  apparele,  and  at  the  expiration  of  y« 
said  terme  to  leave  him  in  as  good  repair  as  he  found  him, 
which  is  veiy  good.  1748,  June  1".  Ordered  that  no 
parish  ofhcer  shall  be  allowed  to  pay  any  carpenter, 
Mason,  Plumber,  and  Glazier  more  than  two  pence  a  day 
for  lowance  for  a  man,  half  an  hour  allowed  at  breakfast 
and  one  hour  at  dinner. 

"  1748,  Oct"^  6">.  Samuel  Folkerd  hath  agreed  to  take 
the  girl  Kose  Cook  and  maintain  her  with  meat,  drink, 
washing,  and  lodging,  in  sickness  and  in  health,  till 
Mich'  next,  the  parishions  agreeing  to  put  her  in  neces- 
sary  repair  fit  to  go  into  his  house,  and  the  said  Samuel 
Folkerd  has  promised  to  leave  her  in  as  good  repair  as  he 
took  her.  1749,  May  S'*.  Agreed  that  Tho'  Hills's  boy 
shall  go  to  Df  Tanner's  to  have  his  head  looked  after. 
1752,  March  30"».  It  is  agreed  with  James  Vincent  that 
if  he  get  the  boy  Hill's  head  cured  by  next  Easter,  we 
will  pay  him  for  that  cure  fifteen  shillings,  besides  what 
we  pay  liim  for  his  board.  1753.  M'  John  Lewis  to  take 
Jos''  Kose  for  a  year,  M""  Rashbrooke  the  boy  Sam.  Wool- 
lard  for  ye  year.'  The  parish  to  find  both  those  boys  with 
ware  and  tare,  and  if  any  broken  limbs,  then  the  parish 
to  pay  all  expenses." 

These  extracts  were  made  by  Mr.  James  Tay- 
ler,  the  present  respected  churchwarden  of  the 
above  parish.  At  my  request  he  kindly  allowed 
me  to  transcribe  them  from  his  note- book,  and 
oiFer  them  for  insertion  in  "  N.  &  Q."  Here  it 
may  be  observed  that  there  are  many  items  of 
interest  to  antiquaries  and  others  to  be  found  in 
old  parish  books,  if  those  who  have  access  to  them 


-would  in   a  leisure  hour   look  them   over   and 
make  extracts  therefrom.  G.  Blbncowe, 

Manningtree. 


GOETHE  ON    THE    "  ANTIGONE  "    OF   SOPHOCLES. 

In  the  conversation  reported  by  Eckermann 
(March  28,  1827)  on  this  subject,  Goethe  objects 
to  the  expressions  of  Antigone  (v.  911.),  where 
the  Greek  is  thus  represented :  "  I  cannot  have 
another  brother ;  for  since  my  mother  and  father 
are  dead,  there  is  no  one  to  beget  one."  (Oxen- 
ford's  Trans.,  i.  372.)  This  is  certainly  putting 
the  case  strongly  against  a  tragedy  of  Sophocles. 
But  Goethe  was  either  ignorant  or  unmindful  of 
the  history  and  the  moral  principle  (jivos  vofj-ov) 
expressly  referred  to  by  Antigone.  This  is  found 
in  Herodotus  (iii.  c.  119.),  where  Darius  granting 
the  life  of  one  prisoner  to  the  wife  of  Intaphernes, 
she  selects,  not  her  husband  ov  children  —  much  to 
the  surprise  of  Darius  —  but  says,  after  some  de- 
liberation (jSouAeuo-a/tteVT?),  "  If  indeed  the  king  will 
grant  me  only  one  life,  I  select  my  brother  before 
all."  Darius  inquires  her  reason  for  preferring 
her  brother  to  her  husband  and  children.  She 
replies,  "  If  fortune  (Saifxtov)  permit,  I  may  have 
another  husband  and  other  children ;  but  as  my 
father  and  mother  are  no  longer  living,  I  can 
never  have  another  brother;  therefore  I  neces- 
sarily select  him."  (ravrri  rfi  yvti/xri  xpe^M^'''??  «Ae|a 
Tavra.)  Darius  was  so  pleased  with  this  answer, 
that  he  spared  the  life  of  her  eldest  son  as  well  as 
her  brother. 

If  we  object  with  Goethe  to  the  Greek  stand- 
point as  respects  this  yvci/xn,  we  must  also  reject 
the  motive  of  the  whole  tragedy,  which  involves 
the  necessity  of  covering  the  dead  corpse  with 
three  handfuls  of  earth  to  ensure  the  entrance  of 
its  spirit  into  Hades.  But  as  Goethe  did  not  ob- 
ject to  this,  the  greater  absurdity  to  the  moderns, 
neither  ought  he  to  object  to  the  minor  absurdity, 
both  being  equally  true  in  Greek  tragic  art.  So- 
phocles wrote  for  the  Athenian  stage:  had  he 
written  for  Weimar,  Paris,  or  London,  he  would 
not  have  been  guilty  of  either  of  these  absurdities. 
Therefore,  Goethe's  wish  that  some  apt  philologist 
might  prove  this  verse  to  be  interpolated  or 
spurious  is  nugatory. 

To  counteract  the  low  prose  of  Eckermann,  I 
add  Dr.  Thos.  Francklin's  translation  of  the  pas- 
sage referred  to  by  Goethe  : 

"  Another  husband  and  another  child 
Might  sooth  affliction  ;  but,  mi/  parents  dead, 
A  brother's  loss  could  never  be  repaired. 
And  therefore  did  I  dare  the  venturous  deed, 
And  therefore  die  by  Creon's  dread  command." 

But  as  Goethe,  who  had  read  largely  in  Greek, 
appears  surprised  at  this  passage  in  the  Antigone, 
others  may  entertain  the  like  opinion,  and  partly 


124 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°*  S.  No  83.,  Aug.  16.  '56. 


from  deference  to  his  judgment.  It  is  therefore 
necessary  to  bear  in  mind  that,  whilst  in  modern 
Europe  the  marriage  tie  is  generally  held  to  be  of 
a  religious  character,  it  was  deemed  in  ancient 
Greece  little  more  than  a  mercantile  bargain ;  for 
there  the  married  women  were  not  so  much  the 
companions  of  their  husbands,  as  slaves  in  a  su- 
perior grade.  The  heteerce  were  almost  the  only 
accomplished  women  of  the  time,  and  they  were 
immoral ;  nevertheless,  Greeks  of  distinction,  and 
even  men  proud  of  their  ethics,  visited  these 
women.  (Xenoph.  Memor.,  iii.  11.)  With  respect 
to  affection  for  their  offspring,  the  Scriptores 
erotici  Grceci  make  the  exposure  of  infants,  from 
comparatively  slight  causes,  a  turning  incident  in 
their  novels.  A  view  of  the  ancient  Greek,  in  his 
domestic  aspect,  will  explain  very  clearly  the  com- 
paratively loose  hold  which  the  husband  and 
child  had,  in  fact,  on  the  aflfection  of  wife  and 
mother.  The  cause  of  the  strong  afi'ection  sub- 
sisting between  brothers  and  sisters  is  explained 
by  Aristotle.  (De  Moribus,  viii.  12.  14.;  Polit., 
vii.  7.)  T.  J.  BucKTON. 

Lichfield. 


KEV.   MR.   THOMAS   CRANE,   M.A. 

The  Puritans  of  England  holding  a  distinguished 
place  in  the  annals  of  her  liberties,  their  writings 
and  memories  ought  to  be  specially  cherished.  In 
their  works  will  often  be  found  an  account  of  those 
feelings  and  incidents  that  animated  them,  which 
convey  to  the  mind  a  much  more  striking  portrait 
of  their  characters  than  what  may  be  gathered 
from  the  illustrations  of  modern  commentators. 
I  dare  say  some  of  the  thick  massive  venerable 
tomes,  with  their  strong  rude  strapped  bindings, 
which  were  in  those  days  issued  from  the  press, 
and  greedily  bought  up  for  spiritual  consolation 
and  remembrance  of  the  dearly  beloved  pastor, 
may  now  be  considered  by  not  a  few  persons  as 
repulsive,  and  the  subjects  as  heavy,  elaborately 
treated,  and  quaint  in  style,  and  which,  when  com- 
pared with  the  present  flimsy  religious  literature, 
must  be  admitted  as  true;  yet  I  cannot  help 
thinking  that  in  general  a  patient  reading  of  those 
old-fashioned  records  will  be  adequately  recom- 
pensed by  a  valuable  addition  to  our  knowledge. 
1  might  adduce  many  examples  of  such,  were  it 
necessary;  in  the  meantime  I  may  mention  one 
book,  the  perusal  of  which  has  lately  given  me 
both  pleasure  and  instruction ;  in  size  it  is  but  a 
child  (8vo.  pp.  544.)  to  some  of  the  giants  belong- 
ing to  the  same  school  of  divinity,  and  I  suppose 
has  now  become  rather  a  rarity  : 

"  Isagoge  ad  Dei  Providentiam ;  or,  a  Prospect  of  Di- 
vine Providence.  By  T.  C,  M.A.  London :  printed  by 
A.  Maxwell  for  Edward  Brewster,  at  the  Sign  of  the 
Crane  in  St.  Paul's  Churchyard,  1G72." 

Having  been  pleased  with  an  author,  we  are 


naturally  inclined  to  know  as  much  of  his  history 
as  we  can  obtain,  and  disappointed  at  any  obstacle 
in  exploring  it.  It  may  be  remarked  as  not  a 
little  curious  the  practice  that  then  prevailed  of  so 
many  of  the  Puritan  divines  burying  their  names 
in  their  publications  under  initials,  while  their 
printers  and  booksellers  displayed  themselves  and 
their  addresses  on  the  title-pages  at  full  length. 
From  "  T.  C."  we  might  have  conjectured  long 
enough  to  whom  we  were  indebted  for  this  mas- 
terly exposition  of  Ood's  Providence.  The  benefit 
of  Captain  Cuttle's  advice  in  "  making  a  Note," 
may  here  be  Instanced.  A  contemporary  of 
Crane's,  and  who  had  likely  been  himself  one  of 
the  persecuted  brethren,  takes  up  the  volume  be- 
fore me,  and  probably, as  a  memorial  of  friendship 
inscribes  on  it  the  following,  which  at  once  eluci- 
dates the  point : 

"  The  Rev.  Mr.  Thomas  Crane,  M.A.  (the  Author  of 
this  Book)  was  Ejected  from  Rampisham  in  Dorsetshire. 
He  had  his  Education  in  y"  University  of  Oxford,  had 
been  assistant  to  the  Rev.  Mr.  Richard  Allein.  He  was  a 
learned  good  man,  and  a  great  observer  of  the  steps  of 
Divine  Providence  towards  himself  and  others.  He  was 
a  hard  Student,  and  had  a  penetrating  Genius,  and  his 
Composures  were  remarkably  Judicious.  He  was  a  good 
Textuary  and  an  excellent  Casuist.  After  his  Eject- 
ment he  settled  at  Bedminster,  where  he  was  a  constant 
Preacher,  at  which  place  he  Died  in  the  year  1714,  aged 
84  years." 

Feeling  anxious  to  be  acquainted  with  a  few 
more  particulars  respecting  this  divine,  I  have 
consulted  Neal  and  other  sources,  but  can  find  no 
traces  of  him,  and  I  am  disposed  to  think  he  has 
been  omitted  among  the  Puritan  worthies.  The 
editor's  kind  insertion  of  this  may  elicit  further 
notices  from  correspondents,  and  if  not,  he  will  at 
least  be  better  preserved  in  the  pages  of  "  N.  & 
Q."  than  by  a  fragile  piece  of  manuscript  in  a 
worm-eaten  volume,  till  some  future  historian 
enrol  him  in  his  lists-  G.  N. 


According  to  the  Chronicle  of  the  Quiche 
tribes  of  Guatemala,  when  Jepeu,  the  Creator,  be- 
gan the  creation  of  living  animals,  after  an  un- 
successful attempt  to  make  the  animals  bow  to 
the  deities,  tliey  were  destroyed;  wooden  men 
were  tried,  with  no  better  success,  and  also  de- 
stroyed. Various  other  attempts  at  creation  were 
made,  but  always  unsuccessfully. 

"  The  destruction  of  several  '  Criadores,'  arrogantly 
mutinj'ing  against  the  sun  and  moon,  though,  properly 
speaking,  neither  of  the  two  were  in  existence,  is  nar- 
rated at  some  length.  The  destruction  planned  for  these 
demi-gods  is  of  various  kinds.  Two  of  them  are  enticed 
into  the  infernal  regions,  where  they  are  treated  with  cigars 
by  the  Princes  of  Hell  (seiiores  del  inflerno).  At  all 
events,  the  smoking  of  tobacco  must  be  a  very  old  inven- 
tion, if  the  Central  Americans  considered  it  to  have  been 
indulged  in  at  the  time  of  the  creation  of  man." 


2"«  S.  No  33„  Aug.  16.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


125 


This  note  is  extracted  from  a  letter  by  Nicolaus 
Triibner  on  Central  American  archaeology,  in  The 
Athenmum  of  Saturday,  May  31,  1856  (p.  684,). 
The  Quiche  migrated  to  Guatemala,  and  founded 
their  state  about  the  twelfth  century ;  if  they 
came  from  Mexico,  it  is  likely  this  legend  came 
thence.  The  holy  city  of  Tula,  in  Mexico,  was 
founded  558  a.  d.  If  this  is  the  farthest  back 
point  ascertainable,  then  we  may  suppose  that  at 
the  beginning  of  the  Christian  era  the  custom  of 
smoking  tobacco,  and  using  it  in  the  shape  of  the 
cigar,  was  common  ;  and  had  been  perhaps  known 
and  used  time  immemorial.  If  this  be  too  great 
an  assumption,  at  the  building  of  Mexico  in  1141 
A.D.  this  was  true ;  and  it  certainly  was  so  in  1200 
A.D.,  when  the  Quiche  founded  their  empire.  In 
any  case,  this,  even  the  last  date,  is  the  farthest 
back-period  to  which  this  custom  can  be  traced 
as  yet.  And  this  note  is  well  worth  preservation, 
as  an  addition  to  the  existing  stock  in  "  N.  &  Q." 
Mr.  Triibner  says  of  the  Chronicle,  that  the 
legends  are  the  work  of  Indian  priests ;  and  are, 
upon  the  whole,  to  be  looked  upon  as  genuine. 
If  the  mixture  of  astronomy  with  the  Brahmanical 
religion,  and  of  the  compass  with  that  of  China, 
be  considered  the  most  undeniable  proofs  of  the 
very  remote  period  at  which  the  study  of  astro- 
nomy was  first  begun  in  India,  and  of  that  at 
which  the  polarity  of  the  magnetic  needle  was 
first  discovered  in  China,  the  existence  of  this 
tobacco-legend  in  the  sacred  books  of  the  Central 
American  Indians  must  impress  on  us  the  very 
remote  period  at  which  this  "Indian  weed"  was 
first  gathered  and  consumed  by  the  American 
tribes.  C.  D.  L. 


ILIiUStEATIONS   OF   MACAULAT. 

Prince  of  Orange^  Circular.  —  The  following 

are  extracted  from  the  Wells  Records,  and  may 

prove  of  some  interest  to  the  readers  of  "  N.  & 

Q.,"  in  further  illustration  of  Macaulay.  Ina. 

"  Wells  Civitas  she  Surgus. 

"  Convocaco.  generalii  tent'  undecimo   die  Januarii, 
1688. 

«  Mr.  Nicholas  Paynter,  Mayor. 
Mr.  Coward,  Recorder. 
Mr.  Salmon,  Justice. 
Mr.  Jno  Davis. 
Mr.  Rob'tus  Thomas. 
Mr.  Watts. 
Mr.  jMerefield. 
Mr.  Broadbeard. 
Mr.  Jeale. 
Mr.  Hole. 
Mr.  Cooke. 
Mr.  Baron. 
Mr.  Phil.  Evans. 
Mr.  Cupper. 
Mr.  Hill. 

Mr.  Nich=  Thomas. 
Mr.  Brown,       }  „     .  „ 
Mr.Hippisley,]*^""*'"'^^''-: 


"  This  day  Mr.  Mayor  produced  a  letter  by  him  re- 
ceived from  His  Royal  Highness  the  Prince  of  Orange, 
directing  the  choosing  (according  to  antient  custom)  two 
sufficient  Burgesses  of  the  City  to  represent  the  same  at 
the  general  Convocation  to  be  held  at  Westminster  the 
22nd  instant  (which  letter  being  publiquely  read),  This 
Convocation  in  obedience  thereto  proceeded  to  an  elec- 
tion, and  accordingly  elected  Edward  Berkeley  and 
Thomas  Wj'ndham,  Esquires,  two  of  the  discreetest  Bur- 
gesses of  this  said  City,  to  represent  this  City  at  the  said 
Convocation. 

"A  true  Coppij  of  the  Circular  Letter  from  the  Prince 
of  Orange. 

"Whereas  the  Lords  Spiritual  and  Temporal,  the 
Knights,  Citizens,  and  Burgesses  heretofore  Members  of 
the  Commons  House  of  Parliament  during  the  reigne  of 
King  Charles  the  Second,  residing  in  and  about  the  Citty 
of  London,  together  with  the  Aldermen  and  divers  of  the 
Comon  Councill  of  the  said  Citty,  at  this  extraordinary 
juncture,  at  ourTequest  severally  assembled  to  advise  Us 
the  best  manner  how  to  attain  the  ends  of  our  Declaration 
in  calling  a  free  Parliament  for  the  preservation  of  the 
Protestant  religion,  and  restoring  the  rights  and  liberties 
of  the  Kingdom,  and  settling  the  same,  that  they  may 
not  be  in  danger  of  being  again  subverted;  —  Have  ad- 
vised and  desired  us  to  cause  our  letters  to  be  written 
and  directed  for  the  Counties,  to  the  Coroners  of  the  re- 
spective Counties  or  any  one  of  them,  And  in  default  of 
the  Coroners,  to  any  one  of  the  Clerks  of  the  Peace  of  the 
respective  Counties ;  And  for  the  Universities,  to  the 
respective  Vice-Chancellors ;  And  for  the  Citties,  Bo- 
roughs, and  Cinque  Ports,  to  the  chief  Magistrate  of  such 
Citty,  Borough,  or  Cinque  Port,  conteyninge  directions 
for  the  choosing,  in  all  such  Counties,  Citties,  Universi- 
ties, Boroughs,  and  Cinque  Ports  within  ten  days  after 
the  said  respective  Letters,  such  a  number  of  persons  to 
represent  them  as  from  every  such  place  is  or  are  of  right 
to  be  sent  to  Parliament,  of  which  election,  and  the  time 
and  place  thereof,  the  respective  officers  shall  give  notice : 
The  Notice  for  the  intended  election  for  the  Counties  to 
be  published  in  the  Markett  Towns  within  the  respective 
Counties  by  the  space  of  five  days  at  the  least  before  the 
said  election ;  And  for  the  Universities,  Citties,  Boroughs, 
and  Cinque  Ports,  in  every  of  them  respectivel}',  by  the 
space  of  three  days  at  the  least  before  the  said  election : 
The  said  letters  and  the  execution  thereof  to  be  returned 
by  such  officer  or  officers  who  shall  execute  the  same  to 
the  Clerk  of  the  Crown  in  the  Court  of  Chancery,  so  as 
the  person  so  to  be  chosen  may  meet  and  sit  at  Westmin- 
ster on  the  22nd  day  of  January  next. 

"  We,  heartily  desiring  the  performance  of  what  we 
have  in  our  said  Declaration  represented,  in  pursuance  of 
the  said  advice  and  desire  have  caused  this  our  Letter  to 
be  written  to  you,  to  the  intent  that  you  truly  and  right- 
fully, without  favour  or  affection  to  any  person  or  indirect 
practice  or  proceeding,  do  and  execute  what  of  your  part 
ought  to  be  done,  according  to  the  said  advice,  for  the 
due  execution  thereof;  —  The  elections  to  be  made  by 
such  persons  only  as,  according  to  the  antient  laws  and 
customs,  of  right  ought  to  choose  Members  for  Parliament. 
And  that  you  cause  a  Return  to  be  made  by  Certificate 
under  your  seal  of  the  names  of  the  persons  elected,  an- 
nexed to  this  our  Letter,  to  the  said  Clerk  of  the  Crown 
before  the  22nd  day  of  January. 

"  Given  at  St.  James's,  the  29th  day  of  December,  1688, 
«  Will"  Okangb. 

"  To  the  Chief  Magistrate  or  such  others 
of  the  Citty  of  Wells,  in  the  County  of 
Soinerset,  who  have  right  to  make  re- 
turns of  Members  to  serve  in  Pailla- 


126 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  No  33^  Aug.  16.  '56, 


ment,  according  to  the  antient  usage  of 
the  said  Citty  before  the  surrender  of 
Charters  made  in  the  time  of  King 
Cliarles  the  Second." 

Copy  of  the  return  : 

"  Wells  Civit.  sive  Burgus  in  Com.  Somersett. 

"  We,  the  Mayor,  Masters,  and  Burgesses  of  the  said 
City  or  Borough  do  hereby  humbU'-  Certify,  That  in  per- 
formance and  obedience  to'  the  Letter  hereunto  annexed 
from  His  Highness  tlie  Prince  of  Orange,  this  11th  day  of 
January,  1688,  have  truly  and  rightfully,  without  favour 
or  affection  to  any  person,  or  indirect  practice  or  proceed- 
ing, elected  and  chosen  Edward  Berkeley  and  Thomas 
Wyndliam,  Esquires,  two  of  the  discreetest  and  fittest  of 
the  Burgesses  of  the  City  aforesaid  to  represent  us  in  the 
Convencon  appointed  to  be  held  at  Westminster  the  two 
and  twentieth  day  of  this  instant  January,  the  said  Elec- 
tion being  made  according  to  the  antient  usage  and  cus- 
tomo  for  elections  for  Parliament  within  the  said  City, 
and  after  due  notice  of  the  time  and  place  of  such  election 
given  to  all  parties  therein  concerned." 


VAUGHAN   AND   KOGEBS. 

The  exquisite  little  poem  called  The  Retreate 
has  ever  been  my  favourite  among  Henry 
Vaughan's  compositions.  I  was  sorry,  therefore, 
the  other  day  to  find  one  of  the  most  beautiful 
ideas  in  it  contradicted  by  the  alleged  experience 
of  another  poet,  Samuel  Rogers. 

"  The  Retreate. 

"  Happy  those  early  daj'es  when  I 
Shined  in'my  angell-infancy ! 
Before  I  understood  this  place 
Appointed  for  ray  second  race. 
Or  taught  my  soul  to  fancy  ought 
But  a  white,  celestiall  thought ; 
When  yet  I  had  not  walked  above 
A  mile  or  two  from  my  first  love. 
And  looking  back,  at  that  short  space 
Could  see  a  glimpse  of  His  bright  face ; 
When  on  some  gilded  cloud  or  jiowre 
My  gazing  soul  would  dwell  an  houre. 
And  in  those  weaker  glories  spy 
Some  shadows  of  eternity  I 

Oh !  how  I  long  to  travel  back 
And  tread  again  that  ancient  track ! 
That  I  might  once  more  reach  that  plaine 
Where  first  I  left  ray  glorious  traine ; 
From  whence  the  Inlightened  Spirit  sees 
That  shady  City  of  Palme  trees !  " 

«  Table-Talk  of  Samuel  Rogers. 

"  One  afternoon,  at  court,  I  was  standing  beside  two 
intimate  acquaintances  of  mine,  an  old  nobleman  and  a 
middle-aged  lady  of  rank,  when  the  former  remarked  to 
the  latter  that  he  thought  a  certain  j'oung  lady  near  us 
ver3'  beautiful.  The  middle-aged  lady  replied,  '  I  cannot 
see  any  particular  beauty  in  her.'  '  Ah,  madam,'  he  re- 
joined, '  to  us  old  men  youth  always  appears  beautiful ! ' 
—  a  speech  with  which  Wordsworth,  when  I  repeated  it  to 
him,  was  greatly  struck.  The  fact  is,  till  we  are  about  to 
leave  the  world  we  do  not  perceive  how  much  it  contains 
to  excite  our  interest  and  admiration ;  the  sunsets  appear 


to  me  far  lovelier  now  than  they  were  in  other  years  ;  and  the 
bee  upon  the  flower  is  now  an  object  of  curiosity  to  me,  which 
it  was  not  in  my  early  days."  —  P.  138. 

Both  Vaughan's  and  Rogers's  sentiments  here 
are  so  striking  one  hardly  knows  which  to  be- 
lieve. Perliaps  both  are  true,  old  age  being  se- 
cond childhood.  Wordsworth  is  here  mentioned 
by  Rogers,  and  this  reminds  me  to  notice  the 
strong  parallel  between  The  Retreate  and  his  Ode 
to  Infancy.  Is  it  known  if  Wordsworth  admired 
Vaughan  ?  A.  A.  D. 


COACH   MISEBIES. 

There  being  persons  who  seriously  lament  the 
good  old  time  of  coaches,  when  they  could  travel 
leisurely  and  securely,  see  the  counti'y  and  con- 
verse with  the  natives,  it  may  be  well  to  register 
some  of  the  miseries  before  they  are  altogether 
effaced  from  the  memory.  Antony  remarks 
that  — 

"  The  evil  that  men  do  lives  after  them ; 
The  good  is  oft  interred  with  their  bones." 

It  is  certainly  not  desirable  that  the  good  of 
coaches  should  be  interred  with  their  bones : 
neither  is  it  by  any  means  to  be  wished  that  the 
evil  should  entirely  cease  to  live  after  them,  so  as  to 
render  us  indifferent,  and  thankless,  and  insensible 
to  the  superior  advantages  of  modern  locomotion. 

First  Misery.  —  Although  your  place  has  been 
contingently  secured  days  before,  and  you  have 
risen  with  the  lark,  yet  you  see  the  ponderous 
vehicle  arrive  full  —  full — full.  And  this,  not 
unlikely,  more  than  once. 

2.  At  the  end  of  a  stage,  beholding  the  four 
panting,  reeking,  foamy  animals,  which  have 
dragged  you  twelve  miles :  and  the  stiff,  galled, 
scraggy  relay  crawling  and  limping  out  of  the 
yard. 

3.  Being  politely  requested,  at  the  foot  of  a 
tremendous  hill,  to  ease  the  horses.  Mackintoshes, 
vulcanised  Indian  rubber,  gutta  percha,  and  gos- 
samer dust-coats,  then  unknown. 

4.  An  outside  passenger  resolving  to  endure  no 
longer  "  the  pelting  of  the  pitiless  storm,"  takes 
refuge,  to  your  consternation,  within  with  drip- 
ping hat,  saturated  cloak,  and  soaked  umbrella. 

5.  Set  down  with  a  promiscuous  party  to  a 
meal  bearing  no  resemblance  to  that  of  a  good 
hotel,  except  in  the  charge :  and  no  time  to  enjoy  it. 

6.  Closely  packed  in  a  box,  "  cabin'd,  crib'd, 
confined,  bound  in,"  with  five  companions  morally 
or  physically  obnoxious,  for  two  or  three  com- 
fortless nights  and  days. 

7.  During  a  halt  overhearing  the  coarse  lan- 
guage of  the  ostlers  and  tipplers  at  the  road- side 
pot-house  :  and  besieged  by  beggars  exposing  their 
mutilations. 

8.  Roused  from  your  nocturnal  slumber  by  the 


2«<i  S.  N«  33.,  Aug.  IC.  '56,] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


127 


horn  or  bugle,  the  lashing  and  cracking  of  whip, 
turnpike  gates,  a  search  for  parcels  under  your 
seat,  and  solicitous  drivers. 

9.  Discovering  at  a  diverging  point  in  your 
journey  that  the  "Tallyho"  runs  only  every  other 

,  day  or  so,  or  has  finally  stopped. 

10.  Clambering  from  the  wheel  by  various  iron 
projections  to  your  elevated  seat. 

11.  After  threading  the  narrowest  streets  of  an 
ancient  town,  entering  the  inn  yard  by  a  low 
gateway,  to  the  imminent  risk  of  decapitation. 

12.  Seeing  the  luggage  piled  "  Olympus  high," 
so  as  to  occasion  an  alarming  oscillation. 

13.  Having  the  reins  and  whip  placed  in  your 
unpractised  hands  while  coachee  indulges  in  a 
glass  and  a  chat. 

14.  When  dangling  at  the  extremity  of  a  seat 
overcome  with  drowsiness. 

15.  Exposed  to  piercing  draughts,  owing  to  a 
refractory  glass;  or,  vice  versa,  being  in  a  mi- 
nority, you  are  compelled,  for  the  sake  of  ventila- 
tion, to  thrust  your  umbrella  accidentally  through 
a  pane. 

16.  At  various  seasons,  suffocated  with  dust, 
and  broiled  by  a  powerful  sun ;  or  cowering  under 
an  umbrella  in  a  drenching  rain  —  or  petrified 
with  cold — or  torn  by  fierce  winds  —  or  struggling 
through  snow  —  or  wending  your  way  through 
perilous  floods. 

17.  Perceiving  that  a  young  squire  is  receiving 
an  initiatory  practical  lesson  in  the  art  of  driving, 
or  that  a  jibbing  horse,  or  a  race  with  an  opposi- 
tion, is  endangering  your  existence. 

18.  Losing  the  enjoyment  or  employment  of 
much  precious  time,  not  only  on  the  road,  but 
also  from  consequent  fatigue. 

19.  Interrupted  before  the  termination  of  your 
hurried  meal  by  your  two  rough-coated,  big- 
buttoned,  many-caped  friends,  the  coachman  and 
guard — who  hope  you  will  remember  them.  Al- 
though the  gratuity  has  been  repeatedly  calcu- 
lated in  anticipation,  you  fail  in  making  the  mutual 
remembrances  agreeable.  C.  T. 


Bolinglrohe's  Letter  to  Pope.— In  the  Illustrated 
London  News,  a  few  weeks  since,  appeared  an 
original  letter  from  Lord  Bolingbroke  to  Pope, 
supposed  to  have  been  never  before  published, 
the  authenticity  of  which  was  doubted  by  The 
Athenaum.  As  "  N.  &  Q."  is  an  authority  in  any- 
thing relating  to  Pope,  perhaps  I  may  be  allowed 
to  record  in  its  columns  that  this  letter  was  first 
published  more  than  ninety  years  ago,  viz.  in  the 
Annual  Register  for  1763,  p.  196.  No  authority 
is  there  given  for  its  authenticity,  and  it  is  un- 
dated. I  may  add,  that  in  the  Register  for  the 
year  1764,  p.  222.,  is  another  letter,  stated  to  be 


"  original,"  from  Pope  to  the  Duchess  of  Hamilton, 
which  is  not  printed  in  any  edition  of  Pope's 
Letters.  C.  J.  Douglas. 

[The  last  letter  noticed  by  our  correspondent  is  printed 
in  Roscoe's  edition  of  Pope's  Works,  vol.  viii.  p.  332.  The 
words  prefixed  to  it,  «  The  writer  drunk,"  are  omitted  by 
Roscoe.] 

A  Military  Dinner-pui'ty.  —  As  banquets  to  our 
brave  soldiers  are  now  in  vogue,  and  it  is  proposed 
to  give  a  grand  dinner  to  the  Guards,  on  their  re- 
turn to  the  Metropolis,  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
may  be  glad  to  learn  that  the  greatest  dinner  ever 
known  in  England  was  that  given  by  Lord  Kom- 
ney  to  the  Kent  volunteers  on  August  1,  1799, 
when  George  III.  reviewed  them  near  Maidstone. 
The  tables,  amounting  to  ninety-one  in  number, 
were  seven  miles  and  a  half  long,  and  the  boards 
for  the  tables  cost  1500Z.  The  entertainment,  to 
which  6500  persons  sat  down,  consisted  of  60 
lambs  in  quarters,  200  dishes  of  roast  beef,  700 
fowls  (3  in  a  dish),  220  meat  pies,  300  hams,  300 
tongues,  220  fruit  pies,  220  dishes  of  boiled  beef, 
220  joints  of  roast  veal.  Seven  pipes  of  port  were 
bottled  off,  and  sixteen  butts  of  ale,  and  as  much 
small  beer  was  also  placed  in  large  vessels,  to 
supply  the  company.  After  dinner  his  Mnjesty's 
health  was  given  in  a  bumper  by  the  volunteers, 
all  standing  uncovered,  with  three  times  three, 
accompanied  by  the  music  of  all  the  bands. 

J.  Yeowell. 

Shakspeare  and  his  Printers.  —  In  the  April 
number  (No.  210.)  of  the  Edinburgh  Review,  is 
an  article  on  the  "  Correctors  and  Corrections  of 
Shakspeare;"  in  the  course  of  which  the  vil- 
lanous  typographical  blundering  of  the  Heminge 
and  Condell  folio  is  the  subject  of  strong  repre- 
hension. But  qualis  ah  incceptu  with  the  me- 
chanical men  of  type.  In  that  same  Edinburgh, 
in  a  subsequent  article,  on  "  Body  and  Mind,"  the 
reviewer  has  occasion  to  quote  the  dagger-soli- 
loquy from  Macbeth ;  and  the  quotation,  in  a 
small  way,  is  worthy  of  the  old  folio  men :  ivork 
being  printed  for  worth,  the  for  thy,  and  eye  for 
eyes  !     "  Physician,  heal  thyself ! " 

A  Desdltort  Reader. 
Jersey. 

A  Mission  of  the  Press.  — In  a  ^^imes'  leader  of 
June  30,  the  writer  indulges  in  some  pertinent 
remarks  upon  the  little  that  powerful  engine,  tlie 
Press,  has  yet  effected  towards  breaking  down  the 
legal  abominations  of  crabbed  MS.  and  cumbi-ous 
parchments,  by  substituting  readable  print  and 
tractable  paper  for  deeds  and  other  registered 
documents,  to  the  great  relief  of  the  purses  and 
brains  of  the  lieges  popularly  supposed  to  read 
and  understand  the  former. 

Warming  with  his  subject,  the  writer  predicts 
the  time  when  the  country  squire,  deprived  of  his 
out-of-door  recreation  by  a  rainy  day,  will  over* 


128 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  N«  33.,  Aug.  16.  '66. 


look  the  Quarterly  Review  and  County  Chronicle, 
and  betake  himself  for  amusement  to  the  morocco 
gilt  volume  which  contains  the  now  intelligible 
title  deeds  of  his  estate. 

As  all  men  will,  doubtless,  welcome  any  indica- 
tion of  the  advent  of  this  mission  of  the  Press,  it 
may  be  worth  while  recording  in  the  pages  of 
"N.  &  Q."  that  the  initiative  in  this  movement 
has  already  been  taken  in  a  very  appropriate 
quarter;  for  there  now  lies  before  me  a  very 
handsome,  thin  royal  8vo.,  entitled  Glenormiston, 
1849-50,  which  contains  the  history  of  the  acqui- 
sition of  that  estate,  with  plans,  title  deeds,  and  a 
variety  of  useful  information  thereanent,  expressly 
compiled  and  printed  "with  a  view  to  the  con- 
venient preservation  and  reference"  of  the  pro- 
prietor, Mr.  William  Chambers.  J.  O. 

Family  of  Pendrell.  —  The  following  brief  addi- 
tions to  the  notices  of  this  loyal  family,  which  are 
collected  by  Mr.  Hughes  in  his  edition  of  the 
Boscohel  Tracts  (1830),  may  not  be  unacceptable 
to  your  readers  :  — 

"  Frances  Jones  "J 

&  V  Daughters  of  "VVm.  Pendrel. 

Anne  Lloyd     J 

«  At  the  court  at  Windsor,  27«'  June,  1680. 

"  His  Majesty  is  graciously  pleased  to  refer  this  peti- 
tion to  the  right  hon^e  Lords  Com'''  of  the  Treasury  to 
take  such  course  as  they  shall  judge  most  ready  and 
expedient  for  the  Pet"  relief." 

Notes  of  Petitions,  in  Bodl.  MS.  Eawl.,  c.  421. 
fol.  182. 

"  Yesterday  the  Commons  in  a  Committee  received  a 
clause  to  oblige  all  papists  and  nonjurors  in  Great  Brit- 
tain  to  register  their  names  and  estates ;  alsoe  a  clause  to 
exempt  the  familyes  of  the  Pendrells  in  Staffordshire, 
■who  are  papists,  from  being  taxed  by  this  bill,  on  account 
of  their  eminent  services  to  the  crown  by  saving  King 
Charles  the  2,  in  the  Boyal  Oak." 

News-Letter  of  9  May,  1723.    Eawl.  MS.  C,  151. 
fol.  98. 

W.  D.  Macrat. 

Superstition  of  the  present  Day.  —  The  following 
cutting,  from  The  Tablet  of  July  26,  is  worth 
the  attention  of  the  readers  of  "N.  &  Q."  as  a 
specimen  of  the  worse  than  heathenish  supersti- 
tion of  many  of  our  people  : 

"  Will  it  be  credited  that  thousands  of  people  have, 
during  the  past  week,  crowded  a  certain  road  in  the  vil- 
lage of  Melling,  near  Ormskirk,  to  inspect  a  sycamore 
tree  which  has  burst  its  bark,  and  the  sap  protrudes  in  a 
shape  resembling  a  man's  head?  Rumour  spread  abroad 
that  it  was  the  re-appearance  of  Palmer,  who  '  had  come 
again,  because  he  was  buried  without  a  coffin ! "  Some 
inns  in  the  neighbourhood  of  this  singular  tree  reaped  a 
rich  harvest." 

K.  P.  D.  E. 

Mortgaging  the  Dead! — If  a  literal  be  also  a 
legitimate  use,  in  its  present  application,  of  the 
word  mortgage  (a  dead  pledge),  we  have  classical 
authority  for  stating  that  mortgaging  the  dead 


was  a  legalised  mode,  among  the  Egyptians,  of 
giving  security  for  money  borrowed :  a  poor  in- 
demnity to  the  creditor  in  case  of  non-payment. 
The  embalmed  body  of  the  deceased  relative  ac- 
companied a  guest  to  the  feast,  where,  if  money 
was  required,  the  sacred  possession  was  deposited 
by  the  borrower  in  pledge — it  was  a  strictly  legal 
transaction.  For  ?«o«-redemption  there  was  a 
severe  penalty,  which  one  might  imagine  the  pe- 
culiar doctrine  engrafted  on  that  of  the  soul's 
immortality  would  rarely  allow  an  Egyptian  to 
incur.  The  parties  not  redeeming  were  denied 
the  right  of  interment  themselves,  and  the  privi- 
lege of  giving  their  relatives  and  friends  burial. 
In  such  cases  the  coffin-less  body  was  carefully 
preserved  at  home,  without  turial ;  but  the  de- 
scendants of  the  deceased  and  excluded  debtor 
might  honourably  bury,  provided  compensation 
was  first  made  for  the  crime  (if  such  had  been 
committed),  or  the  debt  refunded.  It  has  been 
conjectured,  and  with  great  probability,  respect- 
ing this  law,  mentioned  by  Herodotus  (lib.  ii. 
s.  136.),  that  its  object  was  to  discourage  the  bor- 
rowing of  money ;  rendering  it  peculiarly  infa- 
mous by  entailing  on  those  who  practised  it  a 
revolting  traffic,  and  forfeiture  of  what  the  debtor 
was  accustomed  to  regard  as  his  dearest  and  most 
sacred  treasure.  F.  Philloxt. 

The  King's  Health.  — 

"  Here's  a  health  unto  his  Majesty,  with  a  fa,  la,  la. 
Conversion  to  his  enemies,  with  a  fa,  la,  la. 
And  he  that  will  not  pledge  his  health, 
I  wish  him  neither  wit  nor  wealth, 
Nor  yet  a  rope  to  hang  himself. 

With  a  fa,  la,  la,  la, 

With  a  fa,  la,  la,"  &c. 

Mr.  Peter  Cunningham,  in  his  charming  Story  of 
Nell  Gwyn,  quotes  the  above  lines  from  Forbes's 
Songs  and  Fancies.,  Aberdeen,  1682.  When  the 
volume  is  printed  again,  which  it  must  be  ere 
long,  the  author  should  alter  his  reference  to 
Catch  that  Catch  Can ;  or  the  Musical  Companion : 
containing  Catches  and  Rounds  for  Three  and  Four 
Voyces,  SfC,  4to.  1667,  in  which  work  the  song  or 
glee  in  question  first  appeared.  Forbes  misprints 
the  composer's  name  John  Savile  ;  it  ought  to  be 
Jeremiah  Savile,  as  in  Catch  that  Catch  Can. 
Nothing  is  known  of  the  composer,  farther  than 
that  he  wrote  the  music  of  "  His  Majestie's 
Health,"  and  "The  Waits,"  The  latter  is  well 
known  to  all  lovers  of  social  harmony. 

Edwaed  F.  Eimbault. 


Miixav  HEiutviti. 

"  The  Brute  Chronicles."  —  Being  engaged  in 
preparing  for  publication  the  French  Prose  Chro- 
nicles of  England  called  the  Brute,  for  which 
purpose  I  am  now  collating  the  various  texts,  I 


gad  S.  No  33.,  Aua.  16.  »56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


12^ 


should  be  glad  to  know  whether  there  are  in 
existence  any  other  copies  besides  those  specified 
by  Sib  F.  Madden,  in  an  article  on  the  subject 
of  these  Chronicles,  "N.  &  Q.,"  2"''  S.  i.  1. 

WlLlIAM  HeNBY  HaeT. 

Albert  Terrace,  New  Cross. 

Agricultural  Suicides.  — 'iWas  it  an  ordinary 
event  in  the  days  of  Elizabeth  for  farmers  who 
had  hoarded  corn,  to  hang  themselves  because  the 
season  in  which  they  had  expected  to  realise  their 
profits  was  one  of  plentiful  crops?  One  would 
think  so  from  the  copious  allusions  to  the  practice 
in  works  of  fiction  of  the  time  :  —  ♦    . 

"  Here's  a  farmer  that  hanged  himself  on  the  expecta- 
tion of  plenty."  —  Macbeth,  Act  II.  So.  3. 

"  And  hang'd  himself  when  corn  grows  cheap  again." 
Hall's  Satires,  Book  iv.  Satire  6. 

Again  in  Every  Man  out  of  his  Humour  (Act 
III.  Sc.  2.),  Sordido  hangs  himself  because  the 
prognostication  of  foul  weather,  on  the  strength  of 
which  he  had  hoarded  his  grain,  proved  delusive. 

Any  explanation  of  these  allusions,  by  the  ad- 
duction of  recorded  facts,  will  be  acceptable  to 

C.  Mansfield  Ingleby. 

Birmingham. 

Old  House  at  Poplar.  — I  am  desirous  of  obtain- 
ing some  further  particulars  regarding  an  old 
house  and  property  in  the  parish  of  Poplar  than 
can  be  obtained  from  Stow ;  the  date  of  the  house 
is  1612,  and  the  property  is  a  ship-yard,  generally 
believed  to  be  the  oldest  in  England.  I  know  it 
to  have  been  in  existence  before  the  house,  and 
am  anxious,  if  possible,  to  discover  its  date  and 
subsequent  history  ;  also  when  the  dry  docks  were 
built,  &c.  ?  Perhaps  Mb.  W.  H.  Habt,  or  some 
other  of  your  correspondents,  can  afford  me  some 
help,  by  doing  which  they  will  much  oblige 

R.  Sinister. 
Blackwall. 

Secondary  Punishments  now  in  force.  —  Can  any 
of  your  readers  courteously  inform  me  whether 
there  exists  any  work  of  this  year,  or  any  trust- 
worthy article  of  review,  which  gives  a  synopsis 
of  the  various  secondary  punishments  now  (1856) 
in  force  in  England  ?  There  have  been  so  many 
modifications  lately,  that  a  treatise  one  or  two 
years  old  is  hardly  reliable.  Vindex. 

Money  enclosed  in  Seal  of  legal  Documents.  — 
On  a  deed  of  sale  of  a  quit-rent  at  Alnwick,  in 
Northumberland,  in  the  year  1655,  is  the  follow- 
ing execution,  viz. : 

"  Signed,  sealled,  and  delivered  with  one  single  two- 
pence lawfull  money  of  England  put  into  the  seale  in 
the  token  of  the  possession,  livery,  and  seizen  of  the  out- 
rent  or  white-rent  of  five  shillings  by  yeare  within 
named,  in  presence  of  these  witnesses,"  &c. 

On  breaking  the  seal,  I  found  in  it  a  silver  two- 


pence, with  the  rose  on  one  side,  and  the  thistle 
on  the  other. 

Query,  was  the  enclosing  a  piece  of  money  in 
the  seal  ever  a  common  custom,  or  legally  neces- 
sary ?  W.  C.  Tbbvelyan. 

Wallington. 

_  '^Punjab.'" — I  have  heard  that  this  is  a  compo- 
site word  formed  from  Punj,  five,  and  db,  waters : 
viz.,  the  Indus,  Jhelum  (or  Jeylum),Chenab,  Ravee, 
and  Sutlej.  I  am  not  acquainted  with  Hindus- 
tani, and  shall  feel  obliged  to  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents who  will  translate  the  foregoing  proper 
names.  Chenab  seems  to  be  a  composite  word, 
like  Punjab.  G.  L.  S. 

"  When  you  go  to  Rome,  do  as  Rome  does"  — 
Among  the  many  derivations  of  proverbs  regis- 
tered in  "N.  &  Q.,"  I  have  not  seen  the  above 
noticed ;  and  this  to  me  is  the  more  remarkable, 
as  it  has  been  attributed  to  no  less  a  personage 
than  St.  Ambrose  of  Milan.  Some  time  ago,  in 
turning  over  the  leaves  of  a  copy  of  Tracts  for  the 
Times,  a  fragment  of  paper  dropped  out,  —  a  cut- 
ting from  some  book  which  1  did  not  know,  and 
on  it  the  following  : 

"  In  the  time  of  St.  Augustin,  this  question  respecting 
Saturday  being  in  its  infancy,  that  great  theologist  was 
in  the  habit  of  dining  upon  Saturday  as  upon  Sunday ; 
but  his  mother,  Monica,  being  puzzled  with  the  different 
practices  then  prevailing  (for  they  had  begun  to  fast  at 
Rome  on  Saturday),  applied  to  her  son  for  a  solution  of 
the  difficulty.  He  in  return  actually  went  to  Milan  on 
purpose  to  consult  St.  Ambrose  on  the  subject.  Now,  at 
Milan,  they  did  not  fast  on  Saturday,  and  the  answer  of 
the  Milan  saint  to  the  Hippo  saint  was  this :  '  When  I  go 
to  Rome  I  fast  on  the  Saturday  as  they  do  at  Rome,  but 
when  I  am  here  I  do  not;'  an  advice  that  is  current 
amongst  us  to  this  day — 'When  you  go  to  Rome,  do  as 
the  people  of  Rome  do.' " 

Not  being  "up"  in  the  works  of  St.  Augustine 
or  St.  Ambrose,  perhaps  some  of  the  readers  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  will  favour  me  with  stating  where 
such  a  passage  can  be  foujid  in  either  of  the 
Fathers  referred  to  P  M.  C. 

William  Dunlap.  —  I  wish  very  much  to  ascer- 
tain whether  an  American  author,  of  the  name  of 
William  Dunlap,  is  still  living  ;  or  (if  not  living) 
the  date  of  his  death.  He  is  author  (besides  many 
other  works)  of  the  Life  of  Charles  Brockden 
Brown.  He  was  also  a  painter  of  some  eminence. 
The  information  I  desire  is  likely  to  be  found  in  a 
work  recently  published,  Duycink's  Cyclopcsdia  of 
American  Literature.  B.  J- 

*'  The  Sisters'  Tragedy."  —  !  would  be  greatly 
obliged  if  any  of  your  readers  could  inform  me 
who  wrote  a  play  called  The  Sisters  Tragedy, 
printed  by  W.  Nicol,  Pall  Mall,  in  1834?  The 
scene  of  the  play  is  laid  in  Granada ;  and  the 
author  appears  to  have  been  indebted  to  Tenny- 
son's Ballad  of  the  Sisters  for  the  groundwork  of 


130 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


t2naS.  N033.,  Aug.  16. '56. 


the  plot.     There  are  some  prefatory  lines,  dated 
Hampstead,  Aug.  1834,  by  J.  B.  (Joanna  BailHe). 

R.  J. 

Colonel  Forrester.  —  Speaking  of  Jack  Ellis 
and  his  extraordinary  social  qualities,  which  made 
hira  familiar  at  once  with  the  great  and  lowly, 
Boswell  says  ; 

"The  brilliant  Colonel  Forrester,  the  author  of  the 
Folite  Philosopher  (first  published  at  Edinburgh,  1734) 
was  amongst  the  former." 

Where  can  any  particulars  be  obtained  regard- 
ing this  Scottish  Chesterfield  ?  3.  O. 

Quotation  wanted :  "  Where  is  thy  land."  —  Will 
any  of  your  readers  oblige  me  by  saying  where 
are  to  be  found  the  lines  — 

"  Where  is  thy  land  ?  'tis  where  the  woods  are  waving 
In  their  dark  richness  to  the  summer  air; 
Where  the  blue  streams  a  thousand  flower-banks  laving, 
Lead  down  the  hills  in  veins  of  light  —  'tis  there." 

The  style  and  phraseology  point  to  Mrs.  He- 
raans,  but  I  have  not  been  able  to  find  the  lines 
in  her  works.  T.  J.  E. 

Device  and  Motto.  —  I  shall  feel  obliged  if  any 
of  the  correspondents  of  "  N.  &  Q."  can  tell  me 
the  meaning  of  the  following  device  and  motto 
engraved  on  an  old  seal.  The  device  consists  of 
a  bird  with  a  branch  in  Its  mouth  seated  on  a 
sheaf  of  corn ;  on  one  side  of  which  is  a  lion,  and 
on  the  other  a  serpent,  with  the  motto  "  in  cute." 
The  device  is  not  difficult  to  understand ;  but  I 
can  make  nothing  at  all  of  the  motto.  J.  J. 

"  Carmina  Quadragesimalia."  —  Is  any  record 
kept  at  Christ  Church  of  the  authors  of  the  beau- 
tiful Latin  poems  called  Carmina  Quadragesi- 
malia?  As  far  as  regards  elegant  and  correct 
Latinity,  they  are  worthy  to  be  ranked  with  the 
poetry  of  the  Augustan  age.  Can  any  of  your 
classical  readers  inform  me  whether  any  more 
than  two  volumes  have  been  printed  ?  They  bear 
date  1723  and  1748  respectively,  and  are  both 
dedicated  to  students  of  Christ  Church,  the  former 
volume  by  Charles  Este,  the  latter  by  Antony 
Parsons.  Oxoniensis. 

Aspasia's  Wart. — A  reviewer  In  a  recent  number 
of  The  AthencBum  tells  how  Aspasia  was  advised  in  a 
dream  to  apply  rose  leaves  to  an  ugly  wart  on  her 
face.     What  is  his  authority  ?  R.  T.  Scott. 

Pictures  iy  Uaffaelle  in  England,  and  in  what 
Collections  ?  —  I  should  feel  thankful  for  an  ac- 
curate list  of  the  finished  original  pictures  now  in 
this  country  by  Raffaelle  :  stating  in  what  collec- 
tions they  are,  and,  if  possible,  when  they  were 
first  brought  here.  Such  list,  of  course,  only  to 
comprehend  well-known  and  undoubted  works ; 
of  which,  it  is  to  be  feared,  there  are  not  half-a- 
dozcn   to   be  met   with  in  England,  besides  the 


cartoons  at  Hampton  Court,  and  the  four  in  our 
National  Gallery.  John  J.  Penstonh. 

Stanford- in- the- Vale,  Berks. 

Bibliographical  Queries.  — 

1 .  Can  any  of  your  readers  give  me  some  ac- 
count of  the  suhject  of  an  old  work,  entitled  Dae- 
tyliotheca  Smythiana,  which  was  published  at  Venice 
In  the  seventeenth  century  ? 

2.  Has  there  ever  been  any  cheap  reprint  of 
the  Bohe  of  St.  Alhan's  ? 

3.  Is  the  True  Spirit  and  Pi'actice  of  Chivalry, 
by  Qigby,  considered  a  standard  work  ?  and  has  it 
been  favourably  received  by  critics  ? 

Sigma.  Theta. 

"  Judith  Culpeper."  —  I  have  a  curious  old 
letter  with  the  above  signature,  of  which  the  fol- 
lowing is  a  copy : 

«  March  the  22°*,  1675. 
"  May  itt  please  y''  Grace, 

"  Upon  the  receipt  of  a  letter  from  my  Lord  privy  Seal 
importinge  that  the  draught  of  a  conveyance.  .  .  sealed  to 
mee  by  mj'  Brother  was  the  full  effect  of  y  Lopps  mediation 
for  mee  I  have  accordingly  sealed  itt.  And  though  I 
must  needs  say  I  hoped  for  somewhat  better  conditions, 
yet  y  Lopps  pleasure  commanded  my  sorrowful  sub- 
scription, Especially  for  the  purchasinge  of  property  (  ?) 
between  soe  neere  relations.  M3'  Brother  hath  given  mee 
many  and  great  assurances  of  his  future  Justice  to  mee  in 
performing  this  Agreem'.  Butt  as  my  confidence  in  y' 
Lopps  wisedome  was  the  principall  motive  of  my  compli- 
ance, soe  the  continuance  of  y''  favour  to  me  is  still  my 
best  security.  .  .  I  therefore  humbly  implore  y""  grace 
in  compassion  of  my  weaknesse  to  afford  mee  .  ye  com- 
pleatinge  y  mediation.  Nott  doubtinge  butt  God  will 
abundantly  requite  y"'  Goodnesse  to  mee. 
"  My  Lord, 

"  Y''  Graces  most  obliged  serv*, 

"Judith  Cclpeper." 

Can  any  of  your  sagacious  readers  inform  me 
who  was  this  "Judith  Culpeper"  and  her  bro- 
ther ?  As  the  letter  came  from  a  Kent  collection. 
It  was  probably  written  by  a  relation  of  Sir 
Thomas  Culpeper  (or  Colepeper,  or  Culpepper)  of 
Holliiigbourne,  who  died  about  the  close  of  the 
seventeenth  century.  Many  monuments  of  the 
family  are  erected  in  Hollingbourne  church,  and 
doubtless  a  good  county  history  contains  a  list  of 
them.  Can  any  conjecture  be  made  as  to  the 
personage  to  whom  the  letter  was  addressed  ? 
Was  it  not  probably  to  Sheldon,  Archbishop  of 
Canterbury,  to  which  see  the  manor  of  HoUing- 
borne  belongs  ?  The  letter  is  endorsed  on  the 
back  "  Anthony  Horsmonden."  Vox. 

Was  Henry  IV.  nursed  by  an  Irishwoman  f  — 
In  the  Calendar  of  the  Patent  and  Close  Rolls  of 
the  Irish  Chancery,  vol.  I.  (all  published)  p.  179., 
the  Calendar  of  the  Roll.  Pat.  6  Henry  IV., 
1"  Pars  commences :  at  article  2,  a  number  of 
letters  of  protection  are  given  ;  and  amongst  them 
we  find  the  remarkable  entry,  "Et  Marg'  Taaf, 
nutrix  Regis,  Dublin,  18  Mali."    This  would  seem 


2»a  S.  No  33.,  Aug.  16.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


131 


to  settle  the  point  conclusively.     Query,  has  this 
fact  been  ere  now  noticed  ?    James  Graves,  Clk. 
Kilkenny. 

The  Great  Heat.  —  I  am  told  that  twenty  years 
ago  there  was  a  similar  drought  in  the  country  to 
the  present.  The  heat  was,  as  it  now  is,  intense ; 
farmers  suffered  considerably  ;  the  corn  stalk  was 
hut  a  foot  high,  and,  instead  of  being  cut,  was 
plucked. 

Can  any  correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q."  give  a 
more  detailed  account  of  the  above  facts  ?    Karl. 

Hev.  Mr.  Simmons.  —  Is  anything  known  of  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Simmons,  to  whom  the  witty  sermon  in 
the  Cripplegate  Morning  Exercises,  "  How  may 
we  get  rid  of  Spiritual  Sloth,"  is  attributed.  Ca- 
lamy  inserts  his  name  in  the  list  of  those  ministers 
who  preached  occasionally  when  the  Act  of  Uni- 
formity passed.  W.  G.  L. 

Westbourne  Grove. 

George  Liddell.  —  Can  any  Scottish  poetical 
antiquary  furnish  a  Note  about  "  George  Liddell 
of  Edinburgh,"  who  wrote  The  Swans  Song,  or 
Pleasant  Meditations  on  the  Way,  the  tenth  edition 
corrected ;  Lond.,  printed  for  the  Author,  and  sold 
by  Lillias  Liddell  in  Edin.  1710,  12mo.  pp.  48  ? 

Mr.  Liddell  seems  to  have  been  the  poet  of  the 
religious  million ;  and  besides  this  piece  of  dog- 
grel,  our  illustrious  obscure  announces  "  These 
books  following,  by  the  same  author,  are  sold  by 
him  and  his  daughter  Lillias  Liddell,  in  Edin.," 
viz.  1.  A  Garden  of  Spiritual  Flowers;  2.  The 
Travellers  Sovg ;  3.  Good  Company ;  4.  Manna 
Gathered;  5.  Canaan's  Grapes;  6.  Apples  of 
Gold ;  and  7.  The  Honey  Comb.  Presuming  these 
to  be  also  in  verse,  and  judging  from  the  popu- 
larity of  the  Swans  Song,  Mr.  Liddell  would  ap- 
pear to  have  obtained  some  notoriety  as  a  small 
poet.  J.  O. 

Rubens'  Pictures:  Antwerp  Cathedral.  —  With 
reference  to  the  celebrated  "  Descent  from  the 
Cross,"  which,  as  every  one  knows,  consists  of  five 
pictures,  can  any  of  your  readers  say  whether  the 
painting  at  the  back  of  one  of  the  doors,  repre- 
senting, according  to  Murray,  a  hermit  with  a 
lantern,  is  not,  in  fact,  intended  as  a  fifth  repre- 
sentation of  St.  Christopher,  under  the  form  of  a 
priest  carrying  the  viaticum  ?  The  presumption 
is  in  favour  of  this  hypothesis,  since  the  four  re- 
maining pictures  all  symbolise  St.  Christopher  in 
some  form  or  other,  and  it  is  well-known  that  they 
were  painted  for  the  Guild  of  Cross- bowmen,  of 
whom  that  saint  is  the  patron.  The  idea  that  such 
was  Rubens'  intention  is  suggested  by  the  author 
of  a  recently-published  work  entitled  Flemish  In- 
teriors, and  seems  to  me  a  very  appropriate  one. 

My  attention  has  been  further  drawn  to  the 
subject  by  a  smart  correspondence  carried  on  for 


the  last  three^  weeks  in  the  Weekly  Register, 
giving  expression  to  contending  opinions  on  the 
passage  in  question  of  the  above-mentioned  vo- 
lume. QU-aEBENS. 

"  Round  about  our  Coal  Fire,  or  Christmas  En- 
tertainments'^ —  What  is  the  date  of  the  earliest 
edition  of  an  interesting  pamphlet  so  called  ? 
Halliwell,  in  his  Catalogue  of  Chap- Boohs,  p.  148,, 
mentions  an  edition  in  12mo.,  1796,  which  he  calls 
"  A  very  curious  tract,  composed  at  the  end  of 
the  seventeenth,  or  very  early  in  the  following 
century."  My  own  copy,  dated  1734,  is  called 
"  The  Fourth  Edition,  with  great  Additions."  It 
is  dedicated  "  To  the  Worshipful  Mr.  Lun,  Com- 
pleat  Witch-maker  of  England,  and  Conjurer- 
General  of  the  Universe,  at  his  Great  House  in 
Covent-garden."  Edward  F.  Rimbault. 

Com  Measures.  —  I  am  desirous  of  obtaining 
correct  information  as  to  the  difference  between 
the  proportions  of  the  Winchester  bushel  and  the 
imperial  bushel  (established  by  the  "Act  of 
Uniformity,"  which  took  effect  from  Jan.  1,  1826)  ; 
this  last  contains  22 18^  cubic  inches,  and  I  have 
one  table  stating  the  Winchester  bushel  to  have 
contained  2178  cubic  inches,  and  another  that  it 
was  -^^  part  larger  than  the  imperial.  Wm.  M. 
Tring. 


"  Bishop  Burnet's  Solution  of  Two  Cases  of 
Conscience." — Miss  Strickland  aflirms  that  two 
treatises  under  the  above  title,  one  on  "  Poly- 
gamy," and  the  other  on  "  Divorce,"  were  "  ex- 
punged "  from  Bishop  Burnet's  works.  May  I  beg 
the  favour  of  a  reference,  if  any  correspondent 
can  give  one,  to  any  edition  of  Burnet's  works 
containing  these  treatises ;  or  any  good  grounds 
for  supposing  that  he  ever  wrote  them  ?  As  to 
Miss  Strickland's  testimony,  she  must  write  in  a 
more  unbiassed  spirit  before  her  evidence  reckons 
for  anything  more  than  Jacobite  gossip.    A.  B.  R. 

Belmont. 

[These  two  Treatises  are  noticed  by  Bevil  Higgons  in 
his  Historical  and  Critical  Remarks  on  Bishop  Bumefs 
History  of  his  Own  Time,  2nd  edit.  1727,  p.  158.,  who  has 
given  the  whole  of  the  bishop's  resolution  to  the  second 
question,  "  Is  polygamy  in  any  case  lawful  under  the 
Gospel  ?  "  His  reason  for  omitting  the  bishop's  resolu- 
tion on  Barrenness  was  owing  to  some  expressions  in  it 
so  indecent  as  would  oiFend  the  fair  sex.  John  Macky, 
however,  has  not  been  so  delicately  sensitive :  for,  as  an 
admirer  of  the  bishop,  he  has  inserted  both  papers  injthe 
Appendix  to  his  Memoirs  of  the  Secret  Services,  edit.  1733, 
pp.  xxiv.  to  xxxiii.,  and  reproaches  the  bishop's  son  for 
suppressing  them.  "  These  papers,"  says  Macky,  "  Bur- 
net put  into  the  hands  of  Lord  Lauderdale  and  others, 
with  an  intent  to  farther  the  design  of  divorcing  His 
Majesty,  and  thereby  of  providing,  by  a  re-marriage, 
heirs  to  the  crown,  and  excluding  the  Duke  of  York. 


132 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


|;2ud  s.  N«  33.,  Aug.  16.  '56. 


Why  these  very  curious  anecdotes  are  denied  a  place  in 
our  prelate's  remarkable  histor}',  I  cannot  assign  the 
cause;  but  this  I  know,  that  he  himself  had  inserted 
them.  The  late  Archdeacon  Echard  assured  nic,  that  he 
had  read  them  in  his  Lordship's  manuscript;  and  as  I 
have  obtained  exact  copies  of  them,  I  think  myself 
obliged,  both  in  justice  to  the  bishop's  memory,  as  well  as 
the  republic  of  letters,  to  preserve  them  for  the  iuforma- 
tion  and  benefit,  not  only  of  the  present,  but  of  all  suc- 
ceeding times."  The  original,  in  Burnet's  handwriting, 
was  copied  at  Ham  in  1680,  with  the  Duke  of  Lauder- 
dale's permission,  by  Paterson,  Archbishop  of  Glasgow, 
testified  under  his  episcopal  seal,  it  being  then  in  the 
Duke's  possession. 

Unfortunately  for  the  bishop,  his  troublesome  opponent, 
Dr.  Hickes,  had  been  favoured  with  a  sight  of  these  Trea- 
tises, and  notices  them  in  his  work.  Some  Discourses  upon 
Dr.  Burnet  and  Dr.  Tillotson,  4to.,  1695,  p.  20.,  which 
elicited  from  Burnet  the  following  explanation ;  — 

"  He  charges  me  with  a  Paper,  stating  the  Lawfulness 
of  Divorce  in  case  of  Barrenness,  with  relation  to  King 
Charles  the  Second's  Marriage ;  which  he  says  was  a  Pro- 
ject of  the  Earl  of  Shaftsbury's,  and  his  Party,  to  put  by 
the  Duke  of  York.  I  cannot  reflect  on  this  Author's  way 
of  writing,  without  remembring  an  Italian  Proverb,  that 
has  indeed  more  of  Sense  than  of  Religion  in  it;  God 
preserve  me  from  my  Friends,  I  will  preserve  myself  from 
my  Enemies.  What  the  Earl  of  Shaftsbury's  Designs  in 
that  matter  were,  I  do  not  know ;  for  he  never  once 
spoke  of  them  to  me.  But  I  remember  Avell  that  the 
Duke  (then  Earl  of)  Lauderdale  moved  it  to  me.  He  was 
the  first  that  ever  discovered  to  me  the  Secret  of  King 
James's  Religion ;  and  when  he  saw  me  struck  with 
great  apprehensions  upon  it,  he  fell  upon  the  Head  of 
Divorce,  and  told  me  many  Particulars  that  I  think  fit 
to  suppress.  I  afterwards  knew  that  the  Matter  of  Fact 
was  falsely  stated  to  me.  I  was  then  but  Seven  and 
twenty,  and  was  pretty  full  of  the  Civil  Law ;  which  had 
been  my  first  Study.  So  I  told  him  several  things  out  of 
the  Digests,  Code,  and  Novels,  upon  that  Head ;  and  in 
a  great  variety  of  Discourse  we  went  through  many  parts 
of  it :  He  seemed  surprized  at  many  things  that  I  told 
him  ;  and  he  desired  me  to  state  the  matter  in  Paper.  I 
very  frankly  did  it ;  yet  I  told  him  I  spoke  of  the  sudden  ; 
but  when  I  went  home  among  my  Books,  I  would  con- 
sider it  more  severely.  The  following  Winter  I  writ  to 
him,  and  retracted  that  whole  Paper;  I  answered  the 
most  material  Things  in  it ;  and  I  put  a  Confutation  of 
my  first  and  looser  Thoughts,  in  a  Book  that  I  writ  that 
Winter,  which  I  can  shew  to  any  that  desires  it.  The 
Duke  of  Lauderdale  was  too  wise  to  publish  any  thing 
of  this  kind,  tho  in  his  passion  he  might  have  shewed  it 
to  this  Author,  He  knew  that  he  had  pressed  me  to  talk 
upon  this  Subject  to  the  King  himself;  which  I  had  re- 
fused to  do.  A  great  deal  more  belongs  to  this  Matter, 
which  I  think  fit  to  suppress :  None  but  such  a  Person  as 
this  Author  is,  would  have  published  so  much." — Reflec- 
tions upon  a  Pamphlet,  entitled  "  Some  Discourses  irnon 
Dr.  Burnet  and  Dr.  Tillotson,"  8vo.,  1696,  pp.  76-78.] 

Commentary  on  "  Proverbs,"  —  Who  is  the  au- 
thor of  A  Commentarie  upon  the  whole  Booke  of 
the  Proverhes  of  Solomon,  London,  1596.  In  an 
appendix  to  this  book,  consisting  of  "  An  Expo- 
sition of  certain  choyse  and  excellent  Proverbes 
set  downe  scatteringly  here  and  there  in  the 
Scriptures,"  the  following  rendering  is  given  of 
Jeremiah,  ch.  xiii.  v.  23.  :  "  Can  the  blackamoore 
chaunge  his  skinne,  or  leopard  his  blew  spots." 


Does  any  version  of  the  English  Bible  contain  this 
translation  ?  Whence  the  idea  that  the  spots  of 
the  leopard  were  blue  ?  W.  G.  L. 

Westbourne  Grove. 

[This  work  is  by  Peter  Muffet,  and  was  first  printed  in 
1592,  by  Richard  Field  for  R.  Dexter,  8vo..  and  dedicated 
to  Edward  Earle  of  Bedford.  P.  Muffet  was  also  author 
of  "  The  Excellencie  of  the  Mistery  of  Christ  Jesus  de- 
clared in  an  Exposition  vpon  1  Tim.  iii.  16.,"  1590.  See 
Herbert's  Ames,  pp.  1236.  1254. 1358.] 

Author  of  "  A  Remedy  against  Superstition.''''  — 
Who  was  the  author  of  A  Remedy  against  Super- 
stition,  or  a  Pastor's  Furewel  to  a  beloved  Flock, 
privately  printed  in  the  year  1667.  The  epistle 
dedicatory  is  addressed  "  To  his  truly  honoured 
friends  of  the  county  of  Devon."  A  copy  in  my 
possession  contains  an  addendum  in  MS.  for  which 
it  is  hard  to  account,  unless  it  be  from  the  pen  of 
the  author,  as  there  is  no  list  of  errata  in  the 
book.  W.  G.  L. 

Westbourne  Grove. 

[This  work  is  hy  William  Crompton,  minister  of  Col- 
luinpton  in  Devonshire,  but  ejected  at  the  Restoration  for 
nonconformity.  "  He  lived  at  CoUumpton  and  sometimes 
at  Exeter,"  says  Wood,  "  carrying  on  at  those  places  and 
elsewhere  a  constant  course  (if  not  hindred)  of  preaching 
in  conventicles,  especially  in  1678-9,  when  the  popish 
plot  broke  out,  and  the  faction  endeavoured  to  obtain 
their  designs  by  it,  when  then  he  preached  in  despight  of 
authority,  as  also  when  king  James  II.  and  William  III. 
reigned."  See  Wood's  Athenw,  by  Bliss,  vol.  iv.  626., 
for  a  list  of  his  works.  In  a  copy  of  his  Remedy  against 
Siiperstition  before  us,  the  Errata  is  printed  on  a  separate 
slip,  and  pasted  on  the  last  leaf,] 

Duntoiis  *'  Summer  Ramble.'"  —  Dunton,  in  his 
Dublin  Scuffle,  frequently  alludes  to  his  intended 
publication,  which  he  calls  his  Summer  Ramble  [in 
Ireland].  Query,  was  it  ever  published,  and  if 
so,  in  what  year  ?  James  Graves,  Clerk. 

Kilkenny. 

[This  Ramble,  so  frequently  referred  to  in  Dunton's 
Conversation  in  Ireland,  and  The  Dublin  Scuffle,  was  pre- 
pared for  the  press,  but  has  never  yet  been  printed.  The 
MS.  is  in  the  Rawlinson  Collection  in  the  Bodleian, 
No.  71.] 

The  Minerva  of  Sanctius.  —  Sir  William  Ha- 
milton says  in  a  note,  in  his  Discussions  on  Philo- 
sophy — 

"  To  master  the  Minerva  of  Sanctius  and  his  commen- 
tators is  a  far  more  profitable  exercise  of  mind  than  to 
conquer  the  Principia  of  Newton." 

Who  is  the  Minerva  of  Sanctius  ?  who  are  his 
commentators  ?  where  is  it  to  be  got  ?  and  what 
is  it  about  ?  Enquirer. 

[Francisco  Sanchez  (Lat.  Sanctius  Brocensis),  was  an 
eminent  Spanish  grammarian,  born  in  1523,  and  died  in 
1601.  The  work  which  gained  him  most  reputation  was 
his  Minerva,  sen  de  Causis  Linguaj  Latinee  Commentarius, 
Salamanca,  1587,  8vo.  This  was  often  reprinted  during 
the  sixteenth  century,  and  in  more  modern  times  at  Am- 
sterdam, 1754,  1761,  8vo.,  with  remarks  by  Scioppius, 


2"J  S.  N"  33.,  Aua  IG.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


133 


and  annotations  by  Perizonius.  Another  edition  was 
published  at  Utrecht,  1795,  with  the  additions  of  Everard 
Scheid;  and  a  third  at  Leipsic  in  1793—1804,  with  the 
notes  of  Perizonius,  and  those  of  Charles  Lewis  Bauer. 
See  a  notice  of  him  in  Kose's  Biog.  Dictionary.'] 

"  The  Shepherd  of  Banbury."  —  I  am  most 
anxious  to  ascei'tain  where  I  can  find  any  account 
of  "  The  Shepherd  of  Banbury."  It  is  a  book  or 
personage  learned  on  the  subject  of  the  weather, 
and  he  or  it  is  quoted  as  a  first  authority  on  the 
point  by  many  in  the  midland  districts. 

Murphy. 

[This  work  is  entitled  The  Shepherd  of  Banhiry's 
Rules  to  judge  of  the  Changes  of  Weather,  grounded  on 
Forty  Years'  Experience,  Sj-c.  By  John  Claridge,  Shep- 
lierd,  8vo.,  1744 ;  and  reprinted  in  1827.  It  is  a  worlc  of 
sjreat  popularity  among  the  poor,  and  is  attributed  to 
Dr.  John  Campbell,  author  of  A  Political  Survey  of 
Britain.  It  is  mostly  a  compilation  from  A  Rational 
Account  of  the  Weather,  by  John  Pointer,  Rector  of  Slap- 
ton,  in  Northamptonshire.] 

Names  of  the  Days  of  the  Week.  —  Ancient 
deeds  are  frequently  dated  the  day  of  the  week  on 
which  they  were  executed,  e.  g.  Die  Jovis,  Die 
Mercurii,  &c.  Will  you,  or  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents, be  so  good  as  to  give  me  the  name  of 
heathen  deity,  &c.,  to  which  each  day  was  dedi- 
cated ?  B. 


[The  following  are  the  names  of  the  heathen  deities; 
Dies  Solis  ...     Sunday. 

-  Monday. 

-  Tuesday. 


Dies  Lunae 
Dies  Martis 


Dies  Mercurii  ....  Wednesday. 

Dies  Jovis  ....  Thursday. 

Dies  A''eneris  ...  Friday. 

Dies  Saturni  ...  Saturday. 

In  some  ancient  deeds  we  find  the  equivalent  terms  Dies 
Dominica  for  Sunday,  and  Dies  Subhati  for  Saturday.  ] 


THE  LATE  BEV.  BOBEBT  MONTGOMEBY. 

(2"^  S.  i.  293.  321.  400,  521 ;  ii.  78.) 

The  question  respecting  the  name  of  this  gen- 
tleman still  remains  a  quibble.  There  is  no  doubt 
that  he  was  christened  "  Montgomery,"  and  I  ap- 
prehend that  the  Weston  where  he  was  christened 
is  the  pretty  little  village  of  that  name,  now  al- 
most forming  part  of  Bath,  which  was  the  scene 
of  annual  poetic  fetes  in  the  Johnsonian  and 
flourishing  days  of  Aqua  Solis.  But  the  point 
sought  is,  whether  or  not  his  father  bore  the  said 
surname.  I  knew,  and  well,  both  Robert  and  his 
father.  He,  Robert,  was  the  natural  son  of  Mr, 
Gomery,  the  clown,  a  most  gentlemanly  and  very 
well-informed  man,  and,  decidedly,  homme  a 
bonnes  fortunes^  by  a  lady  who  kept  a  school  at 
Bath,  and  who,  subsequently,  removed  from  that 


city  and  married  a  respectable  schoolmaster.  One 
of  the  best  traits  in  Robert  was  his  afTeetion  for 
this  mother,  and  amply  she  deserved  it  of  him  ; 
she  gave  him  an  excellent  education,  and  brought 
him  up  carefully  and  religiously.  Now,  I  have  a 
suspicion  (rather,  an  impression  that  I  once  saw 
him  perform  under  the  name)  that  Mr,  Gomery 
occasionally  in  his  career  prefixed  to  his  name  the 
aristocratic  "Mont."  He  was  exceedingly  am- 
bitious to  sink  the  clown  in  the  actor  ;  and,  when 
engaged  solely  in  the  latter  capacity,  became,  I 
suspect,  Montgomery,  I  have  little  doubt,  more- 
over, that  when  in  his  younger  days  recommend- 
ing himself  to  "  a  gentle  belle,"  he  would  hint  that 
such  was  his  name  of  right.  Still,  it  may  be 
that,  as  Robert  assured  me  soon  after  his  father 
had  introduced  him  to  me  as,  to  use  his  own 
words,  a  would-be  Byron,  his  father  was  son  or 
grandson  of  the  General  Montgomery  of  the  Ame- 
rican war ;  he  may  have  been  a  legal,  may  have 
been  a  natural,  descendant  of  the  general. 

Were  Grimaldi  alive,  he  could  most  likely  have 
settled  the  question.  As  it  is,  not  improbably  Mr. 
T.  Matthews,  the  leading  clown  of  our  more  imme- 
diate day,  may  be  able  to  cut  the  Gordian  knot. 
Should  there  be  surviving  any  sons  or  daughters 
(there  is,  I  fancy,  a  daughter,  Mrs,  J,  Bennett, 
living  in  Exeter,  at  least  there  was  three  years 
since)  of  the  late  Mr.  Richard  Hughes,  proprietor 
of  Sadler's  Wells  Theatre  in  the  days  of  Evelina, 
they  would  be  the  parties  most  likely  to  know  the 
truth  ;  since  Mr.  Gomery  was  in  boyhood  a  com- 
panion of  Grimaldi,  who,  according  to  Mr.  Dick- 
ens's biography  of  the  modern  Momus,  came  out 
at  the  Wells  under  Mr.  Hughes's  management, 
when  about  six  years  old,  and,  I  fancy,  first  ap- 
peared there  himself.  Like  our  great  pantomim- 
ist,  Mr.  Gomery  was  an  ardent  entomologist ;  and 
I  have  known  him  make  long  excursions  and 
"  watch  o'  nights,"  not  to  rob  the  king's  exchequer, 
but  to  surprise  Tiger-moth,  or  Queen  Imperial, 
or  Sphynx,  et  id  genus  omne. 

Mr.  Gomery,  as  I  have  remarked,  was  a  well- 
informed  man ;  indeed  from  his  tact,  good-breed- 
ing, and  general  knowledge,  he  might  not  only 
have  passed  muster  in  any  society,  but  from  his 
entertaining  and  aptly-applied  fund  of  anecdote 
would  have  been  esteemed  a  most  desirable  and 
entertaining  companion.  And  he  deserves  a  pass- 
ing word  in  "N.  &  Q."  by  way  of  hint  to  the 
future  historian  of  the  stage^  His  clown  was  sui 
generis,  a  thing  of  art ;  not  clown  in  the  Grimaldi 
sense  of  the  word,  the  broadly  humorous ;  or 
in  the  Bradbury,  i.  e.  the  acrobatic  and  neck- 
venturing,  but  a  blending  of  English  clown  and 
Gallic  Pierrot  —  quaint,  easy,  and  presenting  a 
something  which  I  must  term  the  oriental  element, 
combining  a  sort  of  pictorial  diablerie  with  the 
farcical :  for  want  of  a  better  term  to  express  his 
pantomime,  he    was,  indeed,    ordinarily  known 


134 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[;2nd  s.  No  33.,  ArG.  16.  '56. 


among  his  stage-brethren  as  the  "  gentleman- 
clown." 

A  word  more,  as  still  appertaining  to  "  N.  & 
Q."  He  married,  as  one  of  your  correspondents 
states,  a  Mrs.  Power,  who  had  a  very  handsome 
house  at  Lambridge,  Bath,  and  who,  previously  to 
this  marriage,  was  mother  of  a  family  of  ten  or 
twelve  children  by  Sir  Andrew  Bayntum,  with 
whom  she  lived  for  many  years,  and  conducted 
herself  as  a  wife,  and  by  whom  the  house  and  a 
good  income  were  bequeathed  her.  There  were 
several  Morlands  which  came  to  her  with  the 
house.  I  should  like  to  know  where  they  have 
winged  their  way  ;  but,  still  more,  what  may  have 
become  of  a  Diary,  kept  either  by  Sir  Andrew  or 
his  father,  I  forget  which,  and  which,  though  it 
might  not  be  worth  publishing  in  extenso,  would 
certainly,  unless  I  egregiously  err,  afford  many 
valuable  pickings,  particularly  as  regards  courtly 
gossip  in  the  elder  Georges'  days,  to  "  N".  &  Q." 

Delta. 


Your  correspondent  (3.  y.  5.  (p.  78.)  should  have 
read  my  communication.  He  needlessly  asks, 
"  What  would  convince  G.  ?"  And  says,  "A  Bath 
Directory  is  of  no  weight  against  a  baptismal 
register."  I  beg  to  remind  him  that  my  affirma- 
tion was,  that  the  statement  given  by  D.  (2"''  S. 
i.  293.),  as  to  the  name  of  Robert  Montgomery's 
father,  was  correct;  and  I  have  shown  that  he 
lived,  was  married,  and  died  by  the  name  of 
Gomery,  —  a  fact  well  known  to  the  inhabitants 
of  Bath.  As  to  the  baptismal  register,  to  which  I 
did  not  happen  to  refer,  I  have  only  to  say  that 
if  it  is  producible,  and  is  worth  anything,  I  do  not 
see  why  it  should  be  withheld.  No  man's  repu- 
tation can  be  promoted  by  attempts  to  mystify 
either  his  parentage  or  baptism.  Your  corre- 
spondent D.  (2'"'  S.  ii.  37.),  who  inquires  at  what 
"Weston"  Robert  Montgomery  may  have  been 
christened  ?  should  try  "  Weston,  near  Bath,"  the 
worthy  vicar  of  which  is  the  Rev.  John  Bond.   G. 


SATELLITE. 


(2"'i  S.  ii.  69.) 
Vossius  says : 

"  Non  h  satagendo,  ut  Perottus  putabat :  sed  h  Syriaco 
satel,  id  est  latus,  quia  latus  stipat,  ut  idem  sit  ac  antiqua 
lingua  erat  latro  :  quem  Varro  similiter  sic  dici  credidit, 
quia  latus  cingeret.  Servius  in  xir.  Mn.  Varro  dicit  hoc 
nomen  posse  habere  etiam  Latinam  etymologiam  ut  latrones 
dicti  sint,  quasi  laterones,  quia  circa  latera  regum  sunt, 
quos  nunc  satellites  vocant." 

Salmon  (^Stemmata  Latinitatis,  London,  1796) 

says : 

"  Satelles  I  have  marked  as  coming  from  the  Greek, 
because  it  seems  to  me  to  come  from  <ra  for  fita  (see  note 
on  sapio^  and  re'AAw  or  riXXofiai,  I  make  or  execHte,  arise. 


bid,  or  order,  send ;  whence  reXXi?,  -ew?,  part,  the  whole, 
order ;  whence  also  reAos,  end,  duty,  or  tax  (on  entering 
or  going  out),  expense,  magistracy,  magistrate,  troop, 
legidns,  squadron,  &c. :  SiareAXu  is  not  found,  but  may 
have  been  used,  as  well  as  SiareKeay,  I  go  through,  perse- 
vere, last ;  since  we  find  ivTeWia  or  evTeWofi-ai,  I  enjoin  or 
command,  I  commission  or  charge.  And  what  is  a  satel- 
lite but  one  (of  a  troop)  always  near  his  master,  exe- 
cuting, or  ready  to  execute,  his  orders  ?  " 

Lemon  (Eng,  Etym.,  London,  1783)  says  : 

Satellites.  S.d8<a  Dor.  for  XiJ^w,  latus,  quia  lateat  con- 
daturque  sub  axillis ;  h  latus  fit  Satelles,  quod  circa  la- 
tera regum  sint ;  id  quod  antiquitus  latro,  quasi  latero ; 
a  life  guardsman,  who  antiently  waited  at  the  sides  of 
princes ;  also  used  in  astronomy  to  signify,"  &c. 

Diderot  CEncy.)  ■says  : 

"  Chez  les  empereurs  d'orient,  ce  mot  satellite  signifioit 
la  dignity  ou  I'oiBce  de  capitaine  des  gardes  du  corps.  Ce 
terme  fut  ensuite  applique  aux  rapaux  des  seigneurs,  et 
enfin  k  tous  ceux  qui  tenoient  les  fiefs,  appelles  Sergen- 
terie.  Ce  terme  ne  se  prend  plus  aujourd'hui  qu'en  mau- 
vaise  part.  On  dit  les  gardes  d'un  roi  et  les  satellites  d'un 
tyran." 

But  see'  also  Du  Cange  (Gloss.),  Gesner  (Thes. 
Ling.  Lat),  and  Dufresne  (Gloss.  Med.  et  Inf. 
Lat.) 

Satila,  satal,  to  follow.  I  do  not  know  of  any 
European  words  derived  from  Arabic  verbs,  but 
there  are  many  (particularly  Spanish)  derived 
from  Arabic  nouns,  not  now  to  be  found  either  in 
Meninski,  Golius,  or  in  any  Lexicon  that  I  have 
seen.  R-  S.  Charnock. 


WATCHTULNESS   OF  THE   GOOSE. 

(2°«  S.  i.  473.  495.) 

The  historical  credit  of  the  received  story  re- 
specting the  preservation  of  the  Capitol  by  the 
geese,  set  forth  in  a  former  Note,  depends  in  great 
measure  upon  the  vigilant  habits  of  this  bird,  and 
of  its  superiority  to  the  dog  as  a  guardian.  Having 
consulted  Professor  Owen  upon  this  point  of 
natural  history,  I  received  from  that  distinguished 
naturalist  an  answer,  which,  with  his  permission,  I 
lay  before  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  in  illustra- 
tion of  my  former  remarks.  The  alertness  and 
watchfulness  of  the  wild  goose,  which  have  made 
its  chase  proverbially  difficult,  appear,  from  this 
decisive  testimony,  to  be  characteristic  of  the  bird 
in  its  domesticated  state.  The  establishment  of 
this  fact  unquestionably  confirms  the  traditionary 
account  of  their  preservation  of  the  Capitol.  The 
following  is  Professor  Owen's  letter.  The  cottage 
where  he  resides  is  in  Richmond  Park. 

"  Opposite  the  cottage  where  I  live  is  a  pond,  which  is 
frequented  during  the  summer  by  two  brood-flocks  of 
geese  belonging  to  the  keepers.  These  geese  take  up 
their  quarters  for  the  night  along  the  margin  of  the  pond, 
into  which  they  are  ready  to  plunge  at  a  moment's  notice. 
Several  times  when  I  have  been  up  late,  or  wakeful,  I 
have  heard  the  old  gander  sound  the  alarm,  which  is 


2»4  S.  No  33.,  Aug.  16.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


135 


immediately  takea  up,  and  has  been  sometimes  followed 
by  a  simultaneous  plunge  of  the  flocks  into  the  pool. 
On  mentioning  this  to  the  keeper,  he,  quite  aware  of  the 
characteristic  readiness  of  the  geese  to  sound  an  alarm  in 
the  night,  attributed  it  to  the  visit  of  a  foumart,  or  other 
predatory  vermin.  On  other  occasions,  the  cackling  has 
seemed  to  be  caused  by  a  deer  stalking  near  the  flock. 
But  often  has  the  old  Roman  anecdote  occurred  to  me 
when  I  have  been  awoke  by  the  midnight  alarm-notes  of 
my  anserine  neighbours;  and  more  than  once  I  have 
noticed,  when  the  cause  of  alarm  has  been  such  as  to 
excite  the  dogs  of  the  next-door  keeper,  that  the  geese 
were  beforehand  in  giving  loud  warning  of  the  strange 
steps. 

"  I  have  never  had  the  smallest  sympathy  with  the 
sceptics  as  to  Livj^'s  statement :  it  is  not  a  likely  one  to  be 
feigned ;  it  is  in  exact  accordance  with  the  characteristic 
acuteness  of  sight  and  hearing,  watchfulness,  and  power 
and  instinct  to  utter  alarm-cries,  of  the  goose." 

L. 


"HET,   JOHNNIE   COPE. 

(2"'i  S.  ii.  68.) 

The  original  song,  beginning,  — 

"  Cope  sent  a  challenge  frae  Dunbar," 
was  written  by  Adam  Skirving,  farmer  of  Garle- 
ton,  near  Haddington  ;  who,  says  Allan  Cunning- 
ham, "  besides  his  gift  of  song-making,  which  was 
considerable,  was  one  of  the  wittiest  and  most 
whimsical  of  mankind."  Adam  Skirving  was  born 
in  1719,  and  died  in  1803.  He  is  called  "Mr. 
Skirvm "  by  Ritson,  "  Mr.  Sklrven "  by  Sten- 
house,  and  ^^ Alexander  Skirving"  by  Cunning- 
ham. He  was  a  remarkably  handsome  man,  free 
and  outspoken  in  his  manners,  and  being  very 
saving  in  money-matters,  he  left  a  considerable 
fortune  to  his  surviving  children.  He  was  twice 
married.  His  eldest  son  by  his  first  marriage, 
Archibald  Skirving,  the  portrait  painter,  who  re- 
sembled him  in  person  and  disposition,  was  well 
known  in  Edinburgh.  The  second  son.  Captain 
Robert  Skirving,  also  inherited  his  father's  poet- 
ical genius.  After  many  years'  service  in  the 
East  Indies,  he  returned  home  in  the  year  1806, 
and  was  living  in  1838  at  Croys,  near  Castle 
Douglas.  A  letter,  containing  some  curious  par- 
ticulars^of  his  father,  was  addressed  by  the  Cap- 
tain to  the  last  editor  of  Johnson's  Scots  Musical 
Museum,  1839,  vol.  ii.  p.  190*. 

The  authority  for  attributing  this  song  to  Adam 
Skirving  rests  upon  the  late  Mr.  Stenhouse  (notes 
to  Musical  Museum,  vol.  iii.  p.  220.)  ;  but,  as  the 
writer  of  the  "Additional  Illustrations"  to  the 
same  work  remarks,  "  Notwithstanding  his  son's 
silence  respecting  the  authorship  of  this  song, 
there  is  no  reason  for  calling  in  question  Mr. 
Stenhouse's  assertion,  as  the  local  character  of  the 
verses,  and  their  caustic  spirit  and  resemblance 
to  his  '  Trament  Muir,'  would  place  this  point,  I 
think,  beyond  all  reasonable  doubt." 


Hogg,  in  the  Second  Series  of  his  JacoUle 
Belies,  1821,  p.  308.,  says  : 

"  This  song,  so  generally  a  favourite  throughout  Scot- 
land, is  certainly  more  indebted  for  its  popularity  to  the 
composer  of  the  air,  than  the  poet  who  wrote  the  verses. 
The  tune  is  really  excellent,  but  the  verses,  take  which 
set  we  will,  are  commonplace  enough.  Yet  I  scarcely 
know  a  song  that  so  many  people  are  fond  of.  For  my 
part  1  love  it,  and  ever  will,  because  it  was  a  chief  fa- 
vourite with  my  late  indulgent  and  lamented  master  and 
friend,  the  Duke  of  Buccleugh,  whom  I  have  often  heard 
sing  it  with  great  glee." 

"Johnnie  Cope"  is  still  a  universal  favourite  in 
Scotland,  and  no  song,  perhaps,  has  So  many  dif- 
ferent "  sets."  Allan  Cunningham  mentions  that 
he  once  heard  a  peasant  boast,  among  other  ac- 
quirements, that  he  could  sing  "  Johnnie  Cope," 
with  all  the  nineteen  variations  ! 

Copies  of  the  various  sets  may  be  seen  in  Hogg's 
Jacobite  Relics;  Allan  Cunningham's  Songs  of  Scot- 
land; Gilchrist's  Ancient  and  Modern  Scottish  Bal- 
lads;  Jacobite  Minstrelsy,  18mo.,  Glasgow,  1829; 
Ritson's  Scottish  Songs ;  Johnson's  Scots  Musical 
Museum,  &c. 

The  old  air  of  "Johnnie  Cope"  originally  con- 
sisted of  one  strain,  the  author  of  which  is  un- 
known. The  earliest  copies  appear  in  Oswald's 
Caledonian  Pocket  Companion,  and  in  Johnson's 
Scots  Musical  Museum.      Edward  F.  Rimbault. 


Upon  a  reference  to  Chevalier  Johnstone's  Me- 
moirs of  the  Rebellion,  1745,  your  correspondent 
Mr.  Knowles  will  find  much  interesting  matter 
relative  to  Sir  John  Cope.  The  best  edition  of 
the  work  is  the  one  published  in  1822,  8vo.  The 
author  of  the  song,  "  Hey,  Johnnie  Cope,"  &c.,  was 
Adam  Skirving,  farmer,  Haddington ;  full  parti- 
culars of  whom,  and  his  various  songs,  will  be  found 
in  Stenhouse's  Illustrations  of  the  Lyric  Poetry  and 
Music  of  Scotland,  by  Laing  and  Sharpe,  8vo., 
1853.  T.G.S. 

Edinburgh. 


GAM  AGE    FAMILY. 

(2"^  S.  ii.  48.) 

Amongst  notes  collected  by  the  writer  from 
various  sources  relating  to  Gloucestershire  fa- 
milies are  the  following : 

Gamage  of  Gamage.  William  Gamage  was 
Sheriff  of  Gloucestershire  with  another  in  1325. 

There  is  a  place  called  Gamage  Hall  in  Dymock 
(co.  Glou.). 

Mune  was  anciently  a  manor  within  the  manor 
of  Dymock.  It  was  granted  to  William  _de  Ga- 
mage, 1  John ;  and  Jeffry,  his  son  and  heir,  died 
seised  of  it,  and  of  lOl.  rent  in  Dymock,  in 
37  Hen.  III. 

Elizabeth,  daughter  and  sole  heiress  of  the  last- 


136 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nds,  No33.,AtTG.  16.'56. 


named,  married  John  Perabrugg,  into  whose 
family  she  conveyed  it. 

The  arms,  as  given  by  Sir  Robt.  Atkyns,  are  as 
follows  :  Arg.  nine  fusils  in  bend,  gules,  on  a  chief 
azure  three  escallops,  or. 

In  Berry's  Dictionary  of  Heraldry  the  arms  of 
Gamage  (of  Coyte  and  Royiade,  Hertfordshire) 
are  substantially  the  same,  viz.  Arg.  five  fusils  in 
bend  gules,  on  a  chief  az.  three  escallops,  or. 
Crest,  a  griffin  segreant,  or. 

In  Dr.  Strong's  Heraldry  of  Herefordshire  is 
mentioned  a  Godfrey  Gamage,  of  Mansell  Ga- 
mage, Herefordshire,  temp.  Edw.  III.,  bearing 
the  same  arms.  Mansell  Gamage  was  one  of  the 
chief  possessions  of  the  ancient  family  of  Pem- 
bruge  long  after  this  period.  Cooper  Hill. 

Gloucester. 


The  following  Notes  may  assist  the  researches 
of  Anon.  : 

"  Gamage  (Coyte  and  Roj'iade,  co.  Hertford).  Ar.  five 
fusils  in  bend  gu.  on  a  chief  az.  three  escallops  or.  Crest, 
a  griffin  segreant,  or. 

"  Gamack  (Clerkenshalls,  Scotland).  Gu.  a  bend  en- 
grailed ar."  —  Burke's  General  Armory. 

There  are  seven  other  entries  in  that  book  to  the 
name  of  Oamach  or  Gamage,  Gamadge  or  Ga- 
mage, and  Gamage,  with  similar  arms. 

In  the  account  of  "  The  Winning  of  the  Lord- 
ship of  Glamorgan  or  Morgannwe  out  of  the 
Welshmen's  Hands,"  said  to  be  written  by  Sir 
Edward  Stradling,  of  St.  Douat's  Castle,  Glamor- 
ganshire, there  is  some  information  respecting  the 
Gamage  family,  their  connections  and  estates. 
It  is  prefixed  to  Wynne's  edition  of  Powell's 
translation  of  J'he  History  of  Wales,  by  Caradoc 
of  Llancarvau,  p.  xxiii.  ed.  1774. 

In  p.  xxxiv.  one  Paine  Gama§e  is  mentioned  as 
"  Lord  of  the  Manor  of  Rogiade  in  the  county  of 
Monmouth^ 

There  is  now  a  parish  in  Monmouthshire  called 
Roggiet,  "  in  the  hundred  of  Caldicott,  6i  miles 
S.W.  from  Chepstow."  See  Lewis's  Topograph. 
Diet,  of  England. 

I  accidentally  stumbled  upon  these  particulars 
a  day  or  two  ago  :  they  may,  perhaps,  help  your 
anonymous  querist.  J.  W.  Phillips. 

Haverfordwest.    - 


The  Liber  Niger  of  Christ  Church  Cathedral, 
Dublin,  which  contains  copies  of  r^ncient  charters 
and  various  other  documents  relating  to  the  archbi- 
shopric, states  that  Andrew  Gamage  was  sergeant 
to  Archbishop  Luke  [1228  to  about  1251],  in  his 
manor  of  Ballymore.  He  was  one  of  the  feoffees 
by  charter,  and  held  in  that  manor  to  himself  and 
his  heirs  half  a  carucate  of  land  for  l2s.Gd.  a-year. 
His  name  also  occurs  as  a  juror  to  prove  the 
customs  and  liberties  of  Ballymore.    The  great 


roll  of  the  Pipe  in  the  Record  Tower  of  Dublin 
Castle  contains  the  account  of  Master  Thomas  de 
Chaddisworth,  as  custodee  of  the  temporalities  of 
the  see,  during  its  vacancy  from  1251  to  1257. 
In  his  "  discharge  "  of  the  profits  of  the  manor  of 
Ballimore,  he  paid  "to  Walter  Gamage  for  a 
horse  for  the  King's  use,  11."  The  Liber  Niger 
contains  a  list  of  the  jurors  empanelled  to  try  the 
extent  of  the  manor  in  1325  ;  in  it  are  the  names 
of  Richard  and  Robert  Gamage.  E.  D.  B. 

Portarlington, 


Anon,  is  informed  that  about  seventy  years  ago 
an  ancient  maiden  lady,  named  Gamage,  died  in 
the  Sidbury,  Woi'cester,  where  she  had  long  re- 
sided. She  was  very  intimate  with  my  family, 
which  had  in  1760  removed  from  Herefordshire, 
and  settled  in  Worcester.  Ogdo. 


fUzplitg  to  Minav  ^utviti. 

Suffragan  Bishops  (2"''  S.  ii.  91.)  —  I  can  give 
you  some  information  respecting  two  or  three  of 
the  bishops  named  in  the  extract  from  Sir  Thos. 
Phillipps's  Wiltshire  Institutions,  given  by  your 
correspondent  Patonce  :  — 

L  "  Robertus  Imelacensis  Episcopus."  This 
was  a  Franciscan  friar,  an  Englishman,  who  was 
appointed  Bishop  of  Emly,  in  Ireland,  by  the 
Pope's  provision,  Feb.  1,  1429.  His  name  was 
Robert  Portland,  or  Poetlan  (Wadding,  Annates 
Minorum,  torn.  v.  p.  203.,  ad  an.  1429  ;  Regist. 
Pontif,  Ibid.,  p.  173.  It  does  not  appear  that  ho 
ever  took  possession  of  the  see.  Another  (or  per- 
haps the  same)  Robert  of  England,  also  a  Fran- 
ciscan, is  mentioned  as  appointed  to  the  same 
bishopric  in  1444,  by  provision  of  Pope  Eugene 
IV.  (Wadding,  Ibid,  p.  456.,  ad  an.  1444.) 

2.  "  Jacobus  Dei  gratia  Akardensis  episcopus." 
This  was  James  Blakedon,  or  Blackden,  a  Domi- 
nican friar,  and  Doctor  of  Divinity,  who  was 
appointed  Achadensis  episcopus,  i.  e.  Bishop  of 
Achonry,  in  Ireland,  by  provision  of  Pope  Eugene 
IV.,  Oct.  15,  1442.  See  De  Burgo,  Hibernia 
Dominicana,  p.  473. 

This  bishop  was  translated  to  Bangor  irrN'orth 
Wales,  in  1452  ;  and  died  there,  Oct.  24,  1464. 
See  Goodwin,  de  Prasulihiis  Anglice. 

3.  "  Simon,  Connerensis  Episcopus,"  was  a  Do- 
minican friar,  who  was  appointed  Bishop  of  Con- 
nor, in  Ireland,  by  provision  of  Pope  Pius  II., 
Feb.  12,  1459.  See  De  Burgo,  Hib,  Dominicana, 
p.  475. 

4.  "Johannes  Mayonensis  episcopus."  This 
was  John  Bell,  a  Franciscan,  who  was  made 
Bishop  of  Mayo,  in  Ireland,  Nov.  5,  1493  (Wad- 
ding, Annal.  Minorum,  torn.  vii.  p.  314). 

James  PI.  Todd. 
Trin.  Coll.,  Dublin.^ 


2"^  S.  No  38.,  Aug.  16.  *56.3 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


137 


Poem  about  a  Mummy  (2"'*  S.  ii.  87.)  —  Proba- 
bly the  poem  your  correspondent  A.  A.  D.  in- 
quires for  is  The  Answer  of  the  Egijptian  Mummy, 
in  reply  to  the  Addi-ess  to  an  Egyptian  Mummy,  a 
poem  written  at  the  unrolling  of  a  mummy  some 
years  ago.  The  Address,  which  is  a  poem  of  con- 
siderable merit,  and  of  no  little  interest,  was  at- 
tributed to  Mr.  Roscoe,  and  has  been  several  times 
reprinted. 

The  Answer  was,  what  your  correspondent  calls 
it,  —  droll,  and  describes  the  mummies'  "  ex- 
periences "  of  three  thousand  years  ago.  It  was 
printed  in  the  Saturday  Magazine  of  the  Christian 
Knowledge  Society  for  April  26,  1834,  to  which  I 
beg  to  refer  A.  A.  D.  I  may  just  name  as  well 
that  the  Address  itself  was  also  reprinted  in  the 
same  magazine  for  February  22,  in  the  same  year. 
Llewellynn  Jewitt,  F.S.A. 

Derby. 

I  think  that  your  correspondent^A.  A.  D.  must 
refer  to  an  "  Address  to  the  Mummy  in  Belzoni's 
Exhibition,"  written  by  Horace  Smith,  and  origin- 
ally published  in  the  New  Monthly  Magazine. 
Perhaps  the  quotation  of  one  of  the  stanzas  may 
refresh  A.  A.  D.'s  memory. 

"  I  need  not  ask  thee  if  that  hand,  now  calmed. 
Has  any  Roman  soldier  mauled  and  knuckled, 
For  thou  wert  dead,  and  buried,  and  embalmed, 

Ere  Romulus  and  Remus  had  been  suckled : 
Antiquity  appears  to  have  begun 
Long  after  thy  primeval  race  was  run." 

John  Pavin  Phillips. 

Haverfordwest. 

In  a  work  upon  the  Plurality  of  Worlds,  by 
Alex.  Copland,  Advocate,  Bvo.,  Lond.  and  Edin., 
1834,  there  is  a  poem  entitled  "  The  Mummy 
Awake,"  which  may  be  what  A.  A.  D.  wants. 

J.  O. 

There  is  a  story  by  Edgar  Poe,  among  his 
Tales  of  Mystery,  &c.,  entitled  "  Some  Words  with 
a  Mummy,"  which  pretty  nearly  answers  the 
description  given  by  A.  A.  D.,  except  that  it  is  in 
prose.  It  may  be  found  in  vol.  i.  pp.  212.  599., 
in  an  edition  published  by  Vizetelly  in  1852, 
among  the  series  of  "  Readable  Books." 

H.  A.  C. 

Mr.  Bathursfs  Disappearance  (2"^  S.  ii.  48. 95.) 
—  Has  there  not  been  a  story  going  the  rounds  of 
the  English  and  foreign  papers,  since  the  publica- 
tion of  JBishop  Bathurst's  Life  by  his  son,  the  late 
archdeacon,  to  the  effect  that  some  human  bones 
had  been  found  in  making  alterations  in  the 
"  Post  House  at  (I  think)  Perleberg,"  where  the 
disappearance  took  place,  which  were  supposed  to 
be  those  of  Mr.  Bathurst.  Probably  it  is  a 
"  canard."  If  I  am  right  in  fixing  on  Perleberg 
as  the  locus  in  quo,  it  is  hardly  "  pr&s  de  Ham- 
bourg?"    I  once  heard  the  subject  discussed  in 


a  German  diligence.  The  opinion  expressed  was, 
that  he  had  committed  suicide  ;  throwing  himself 
into  some  tributary  of  the  Elbe,  then  swollen  by 
rains,  whilst  his  horses  were  being  fed  at  the  post. 
The  loss  of  his  dispatches  was  the  reason  assigned 
for  the  commission  of  this  rash  act  of  desperation. 
How  these  dispatches  were  lost  was  a  disputed 
point ;  but  the  opinion  of  the  diligence  was,  that 
either  Russia,  or  our  ally  Austria,  and  not  France, 
had  a  hand  in  their  disappearance.  J.  H.  L. 

To  settle  divers  errors,  let  me  state,  as  a  rela- 
tive of  the  wife  of  Mr.  Benjamiti  Bathurst,  that 
she  was  the  eldest  daughter  of  Sir  John  Call  of 
Whiteford  House,  Cornwall,  and  sister  to  the  late 
Sir  William  Call.  Lady  Aylmer,  who  is  alive, 
is  her  sister.  Mrs.  Bathurst's  only  surviving 
daughter  is  the  Countess  of  Castle  Stuart,  not  the 
Dowager  Countess.  A.  Holt  White. 

A  Noble  Cook  (2"'^  S.  ii.  87.)  —  I  have  heard 
this  extract  alluded  to  the  Lord  Aston  of  that 
day.  The  title  is  now,  I  believe,  extinct.  The 
last  lord  was  in  holy  orders.  In  a  statement  of 
the  case  of  the  soi-disant  Earl  of  Stirling  (no  very 
good  authority),  with  a  view  of  showing  that 
other  Scotch  claimants  of  peerages  had  not  com- 
plied with  the  orders  of  the  House  of  Lords,  it  is 
alleged  — 

"  The  Lord  Aston,  whose  name  does  not  even  stand  on 
the  Roll  of  Scotch  Peers,  has  still  been  allowed  to  keep 
his  title,  and  to  be  denominated  as  Lord  Aston  in  the 
Commission  of  the  Peace  for  the  County  of  Worcester." 

I  presume  this  lord  was  a  descendant  of  the 
cook.  J.  H.  L . 

"  God  save  the  King  "  (2°'^  S.  ii.  96.)  —  Dr. 
Gauntlett,  in  his  note  upon  this  tune,  has  gone 
out  of  the  way  to  point  out  an  error  of  the  late 
Dr.  Crotch's.  In  so  doing  he  has  made  a  "  ludi- 
crous mistake  "  himself.  The  author  of  the  chant 
in  D  minor  was  not  "William  Morley  of  1740," 
but  William  Morley,  Gent.,  of  the  Chapel  Royal, 
whose  death  is  recorded  in  the  cheque  book  of 
that  establishment  to  have  taken  place  Oct.  29, 
1721.  The  correct  date  is  of  some  value  in  Dft. 
Gauntlett's  argument.    Edward  F.  Rimbault. 

Order  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem  (2°'^  S.  i.  460.) 
—  Does  not  E.  H.  A.  confound  two  different 
orders  ?  The  order  of  the  Temple  was  surely 
quite  different  from  that  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem 
or  the  Knights  Hospitallers,  and  the  one  body,  if 
my  memory  does  not  fail  me,  was  generally  in 
rivalry,  not  to  say  hostility,  to  the  other.     /3.  \.  5. 

"  Blawn-sheres  "  (2"'*  S.  ii.  Q5.)  —  The  word  to 
which  G.  refers  is  sewells,  not  sewers.  It  is  ex- 
plained by  Mr.  Halliwell  as  a  "scarecrow" 
made  of  feathers,  to  scare  deer  from  breaking  the 
fences.  Mackenzie  Walcott,  M.A. 


138 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°'J  S.  No  83.,  Aug.  16.  '56. 


Eatoiis  Sermon  (2"'^  S.  i.  516.;  ii.  93.)  —  In 
that  singular  book,  Cotton  Mather's  Magnalia 
Christi  Americana  (Lond.  1702,  fol.),  is  a  notice 
of  Mr.  Samuel  Eaton.  As  the  work  is  rare,  I 
have  transcribed  the  passage  for  Mr.  Aspland  : 

"  He  was  the  Son  of  Mr.  Richard  Eaton,  the  Vicar  of 
Great  Burdtvorth  in  Cheshire,  and  the  Brother  of  Mr. 
Theophilus  Eaton,  the  Renowned  Govenour  of  New- Haven. 
His  Education  was  at  the  University  of  Oxford:  And 
because  it  will  doubtless  recommend  to  find  such  a  Pen, 
as  that  which  wrote  the  Athence  Oxoniensis  thus  Charac- 
terising of  him,  Reader,  thou  shalt  have  the  very  Words 
of  that  Writer,  concerning  him :  After  he  had  left  the 
University,  he  entred  into  the  Sacred  Function,  took  Orders 
according  to  the  Church  o/*  England,  and  was  Beneficed  in 
his  Country :  But  having  been  puritanically  Educated,  he 
did  dissent  in  some  Particulars  thereof.  Whereupon  finding 
his  Place  too  warm  for  him,  he  Revolted,  and  went  into  New- 
England,  and  Preached  among  the  Brethren  there.  But 
let  us  have  no  more  of  this  Wood!  Mr.  Eaton  was  a 
very  Holy  Man,  and  a  Person  of  great  Learning  and 
Judgment,  and  a  most  Incomparable  Preacher.  But  upon 
his  Dissent  from  Mr.  Davenport,  about  the  Narrow  Terms, 
and  Forms  of  Civil  Government,  by  Mr.  Davenport,  then 
forced  upon  that  Infant-Colony,  his  Brother  advised  him 
to  a  Removal:  And  calling  at  Boston  by  the  way,  when 
he  was  on  his  Removal,  the  Church  there  were  so  highly 
affected  with  his  Labours,  thus  occasionally  enjoyed 
among  them,  that  they  would  fain  have  engaged  him 
unto  a  Settlement  in  that  Place.  But  the  Lord  Jesus 
Christ  had  more  Service  for  him  in  Old-England,  than  he 
could  have  done  in  New;  and  therefore  arriving  Tn  Eng- 
land, he  became  the  Pastor  of  a  Church  at  Duckenfield, 
in  the  Parish  of  Stochfort,  in  Cheshire,  and  afterwards  at 
Stockport;  and  a  Person  of  Eminent  Note  and  Use,  not 
only  in  that,  but  also  in  the  Neighbour- County. 

"  A^iex  \X\Q  Restoration  of  K.  Charles  \\.  he  underwent 
first  Silencing,  and  then  much  other  Suffering,  from  the 
Persecution,  which  yet  calls  for  a  National  Repentance. 
He  was  the  author  of  many  Books,  and  especially  of  some 
in  Defence  of  the  Christian  Faith,  about  the  God-Read 
of  Christ,  against  the  Socinian  Blasphemies  :  And  his  Help 
was  joined  unto  Mr.  Timothy  Tailors,  in  writing  some 
Treatises  entituled.  The  Congregational  Way  Justified. 
By  these  he  Out-lives  his  Death,  which  fell  out  at  Denton, 
in  the  Parish  of  Manchester  in  Lancashire,  (where  says 
our  Friend  Rahshakeh  Wood,  he  had  sheltered  himself 
among  the  Brethren  after  his  Ejection)  on  the  Ninth  Day 
of  Januarv,  1664,  and  he  was  Buried  in  the  Chapel 
there."  —  Book  iii.  p.  213.* 

See  also  Wood's  Athence  Oxoniensis,  by  Bliss, 
iii.  672.  382. ;  iv.  4. ;  Calamy's  Ejected  Ministers, 
1713,  p.  412. ;  Continuation,  1727,  p.  566. 

John  I.  Dredge. 

''Rand"  (2"^  S.  i.  213.  396.  522. ;  ii.  97.)— Does 
not  the  modern  German  word  rand — such  as  meeres- 
rand,  seashore  ^Jiussesrand,  river's  bank— suggest, 
as  this  language  I  have  so  frequently  found  to  do, 
some  old  Saxon  word  of  the  same  meaning  ?  The 
locality  mentioned  by  C.  J.  "  between  Trumfleet 
Marsh  and  the  north  bank  of  the  river  Don," 
seems  to  me  to  point  to  some  such  derivation  for 
the  space  between  the  edge  of  the  marsh  and  the 
bank  of  the  river,  being  called  the  "  rands,"  or 


*  The  Capitals  and  Italics  in  the  above  are  Mather's. 
—J.  L  D. 


"  shores."  It  hardly  appears  as  probable  that  the 
benefactor  of  Fishlake,  on  the  south  side  of  the 
river,  should  have  had  his  name  given  to  ground 
on  the  north  side,  which  may  probably  belong  to 
a  different  parish.  E.  E.  Byng. 

See  Johnson's  Dictionary,  "  Rand,  n.  s.  (rand, 
Dut.),  border,  seam,  as  the  rand  of  a  woman's 
shoe."  In  Scotland  the  selvage  or  border  of  a 
web  of  cloth  "  list,"  a  marginal  border,  is  called  a 
rund,  pronounced  roond.  J.  Ss. 

Song  hy  Old  Dr.  Wilde  (2°'5  S.  ii.  57.)  —  This 
song  occupies  pp.  51  to  53  in  Iter  Boreale,  &c., 
1670,  being  a  parody  on  the  older  song  of  "  Hallow 
my  fancie,  whither  wilt  thou  go  ? "  the  burden 
being  "  Alas,  poor  scholar,  whither  wilt  thou  go  ?  " 
and  the  concluding  verse  is  very  characteristic  of 
the  times : 

"  Ho,  ho,  ho,  I  have  hit  it,  — 

Peace  goodman  fool ; 
Thou  hast  a  trade  will  fit  it ; 

Draw  thy  indenture. 

Be  bound  at  adventure. 
An  apprentice  to  a  free  school ;  — 

There  thou  mayest  command 
By  William  Lillye's  charter ; 

There  thou  mayest  whip,  strip. 
And  hang,  and  draw,  and  quarter, 

And  commit  to  the  red  rod 
Both  Tom,  Will,  and  Arthur. 
I,  I,  'tis  thither,  thither  Avill  I  go." 

More  than  twenty  years  have  passed  since  I 
cut  several  columns  from  Felix  Farley's  Bi-istol 
Journal,  headed  "  The  Garland  of  Withered  Ro- 
ses." They  were  sent  to  that  paper  by  your  old 
correspondent  J.  M.  G.,  of  Worcester.  No.  1. 
contained  Cleland's  beautiful  ode  of  "  Hallow  my 
fancie,"  with  an  introductory  notice.  The  original 
poem,  as  it  appeared  in  the  first  edition  of  his 
Poems,  1658,  is  blended  with  the  additions  made 
in  the  second,  1697  ;  it  extends  consequently  to 
sixteen  stanzas,  and,  beautiful  as  it  is,  therefore  it 
is  too  long  for  your  pages.  These  papers  were 
continued  only  to  six  numbers,  but  each  contained 
some  gem  of  ancient  poetry.  Would  J.  M.  G. 
contribute  them  for  preservation  to  your  pages  ? 
The  introductory  remarks  are  in  each  notice  too 
good  to  be  lost,  G.  D. 

Henley-on-Thames  (2"''  S.  i.  454. ;  ii.  18.)  — •  In 
addition  to  what  I  have  already  sent,  I  would  ob- 
serve that  there  are  two  separate  notices  of 
Henley  in  the  Rawlinson  Collection  of  MSS.  in 
the  Bodleian,  consisting  of  copies  of  inscriptions 
on  tombstones  principally.  It  may  be  of  vise  to 
persons  interested  in  topographical  studies  to 
mention  that  there  are  notices  of  a  similar  kind  of 
many  other  places  in  the  same  collection.  Some 
for  Sussex  were  made  use  of  in  Hastings  Past  and 
Present,  published  last  year.  E.  M. 

Oxford. 


2»d  S.  No  33.,  Aug.  16.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


139 


Portraits  of  Swift  (2"*  S.  ii.  21.  96.)  —  I  possess 
Faulkner's  edition  of  my  ancestor  Dean  Swift's 
Works,  published,  not  in  1734,  but  in  1738,  with 
this  general  title,  "  The  Works  of  J.  S.  D.  D.  D. 
S.  P.  D.  in  Six  Volumes."  It  was  the  Dean's 
own  copy,  was  bought  at  the  sale  of  his  library  in 
1745-6,  and  bears  the  book-plate  of  "Edward 
Synge."  I  acquired  it  at  the  auction  of  the  late 
Sir  E.  Synge's  books  by  Sotheby  in  1843.  Not 
any  one  of  its  volumes  has  the  Dean's  autograph  : 
but  the  fifth  is  marked  by  himself — and  I  well 
know  his  handwriting  —  "read  thorow."  The 
first  volume  has  his  portrait  in  a  plain  oval  frame, 
with  the  inscription,  "  The  Reverend  Dr.  J.  Swift, 
D.S.P.D.,"  and  the  engraver's  name,  "  G.  Vertue." 
The  second  volume  (dated  1737)  has  his  medallion 
portrait,  surrounded  with  sunbeams,  emblematic 
female  figures,  the  half- concealed  bust  of  1-know- 
not-whom,  books,  and  a  scroll  with  "  The  Poetical 
Works  of  the  Rev.  D.  S.  *  *  D.  S.  P.  D.  1734," 
the  motto  "  Quis  speret  idem  ?  —  Hor."  and  the 
engraver's  name,  "  P.  Simms,  Sc."  The  fourth 
volume  has  a  frontispiece,  differing  from  that  de- 
scribed by  your  correspondent  G.  N.  in  the  table 
having  books,  pens  and  ink,  &c.,  Avhile  the  coins 
are  spread  on  the  lower  step  before  his  Deanship's 
chair.  The  engraver's  name,  whereof  G.  JM.  pro- 
pounds a  Query,  is  legible  enough,  "  G.  Vertue." 

It  is  hardly  worth  explanation  that,  valuing  the 
antiquity  of  my  fau)ily  beyond  its  incidental  dis- 
tinction of  the  Dean  (unto  whom  our  only  obliga- 
tions are  his  hindrance  of  my  grandfather's  ad- 
vancement and  the  loss  of  a  large  portion  of  my 
paternal  estate),  I  have  long  resumed  our  early 
signature,  Edmund  Lenthal  Swifte. 

Worthing. 

"  It "  (P'  S.  passim.)  —  In  some  parts  of  Ireland, 
the  word  it  is  used  in  the  genitive  case,  instead  of 
ifs.  A  man  said  to  me  to-day,  pointing  to  an  old 
gate,  "  That  gate.  Sir,  has  done  it  duty,"  for  "  it's 
duty."  And  this  is  the  common  language  of  the 
country  :  "  The  horse  fell  and  broke  it  knees." 

Is  this  an  old  English  idiom  ?  The  neuter  it 
is  not  found,  I  believe,  in  the  genitive  form  it^s,  in 
the  English  Bible  or  in  Shakspeare.  I  suspect, 
therefore,  that  the  peculiarity  I  have  noticed  (like 
many  other  phrases  common  in  Ireland)  is  a  rem- 
nant of  the  English  of  the  fifteenth  and  sixteenth 
centuries,  when  we  Irish  learned  that  language 
for  the  first  time.  S.  N.  D. 

Dublin. 

"Allow"  (2""  S.  il.  10.)  —  In  the  north  of  Ire- 
land this  word  is  used  in  the  sense  of  command, 
order,  direct.  Being  on  a  visit  with  a  friend  near 
Armagh,  some  years  ago,  1  found  a  labourer  in 
the  act  of  cutting  down  a  Inurel.  I  said  to  him, 
"  Why  do  you  cut  that  tree  ?  "  His  answer  was, 
"The  master  alloived  me:"  meaning  the  master 


ordered  me  to  do  so.  On  another  occasion,  I  was 
on  a  visit  with  a  clergyman  still  farther  north. 
One  of  his  parishioners,  a  very  poor  man,  came  to 
him  one  day  when  I  was  by,  and  informed  him 
that  he  wished  to  be  married  to  Biddy  O'Neill. 
"  Paddy,"  said  the  clergyman,  "  are  you  in  your 
senses  ?  Both  you  yourself  and  Biddy  O'Neill 
are  every  winter  in  the  greatest  distress,  coming 
to  me  and  others  for  support.  How  are  you  to 
live  if  you  marry,  and  how  are  you  to  maintain 
your  family  ?"  "  O,  please  your  reverence,"  said 
the  man,  "  may  be  the  Lord  would  allow  that  we 
should  have  no  childer."  S.  N.  D. 

Dublin. 

The  Weather  (2"^  S.  i.  431.)  —  In  addition  to 
the  observations  as  to  the  change  in  the  prevailing 
winds  in  this  country,  I  have  a  further  fact  to 
communicate,  as  to  the  extraordinary  decrease  of 
force  in  the  trade  winds  in  late  years.  Two  nau- 
tical men  have  made  the  same  observation  to  me, 
that  ever  since  their  boyhood  the  difference  was 
most  remarkable.  Can  any  cause  be  discovered 
for  this  ?  E.  E.  Btng. 

Apostle  Spoons  (2"^  S.  ii.  112.)  —  W.  T.  is  re- 
ferred to  Hone's  Every-Day  Book,  vol.  i.  p.  175., 
and  to  The  Table  Book,  p.  817.,  for  a  sketch  of 
"  a  set  of  Apostle  Spoons,"  and  for  the  history 
thereof.  Everard  Home  Coleman. 

79.  Wood  Street,  Cheapside. 

Samuel  Rolle  (2"''  S.  ii.  88.)  —  See  Darling's 
Cyclo.  Bibliographica,  col.  2584. ;  Calamy's  Ac- 
count, p.  108.;  Continuation,  p.  144.;  Palmer's 
Nonconformists'  Memorial,  1802,  vol.  i.  p.  298.; 
Dr.  Owen's  Works,  by  Goold,  1851,  vol.  ii.  p.  276. ; 
Orme's  Life  of  Owen,  1820,  p.  380.;  Wood's 
Athence  Oxon.,  by  Bliss,  vol.  iv.  106.  108.  203. 

John  I.  Dredge. 

Olovensis,  Bishopric  of  (2°'^  S,  ii.  88.)  —  The 
see  in  question  was  probably  Olena,  and  the 
bishop  styled  Olenensis.  Olena  is  a  see  in  par- 
tibus,  and  was  the  title  of  Dr.  Griffiths,  the  late 
Vicar  Apostolic  of  the  London  district.  It  is  now 
called  Caminizza,  and  is  in  the  Morea,  easily  mis- 
taken for  Mauritania.  It  formed  one  of  the  four 
suffragan  sees  of  the  metropolitan  of  Patras. 

F.  C.  H. 

Aristotle's  "  Organon"  (2"''  S.  ii.  81.)  — It  is 
singular  that  Professor  De  Morgan,  in  his  ar- 
ticle on  the  "  Logic  of  Aristotle,"  should  not 
mention  Waltz's  edition  of  the  Organon,  which  is 
by  far  the  best  that  has  been  hitherto  published. 
Nor  has  he  mentioned  the  Prologomena  Logica  of 
Mr.  Mansel,  nor  his  new  edition  of  Aldrich,  works 
which  have  thrown  immense  light  on  the  logical 
treatises  of  the  Stagyrite.  Indeed  it  is  very  doubt- 
ful, now  that  Sir  W.  Hamilton  is  dead,  it  there  is 
anybody  in  this  country  that  understands  Aris- 


140 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  33.,  Aug.  16.  '56. 


totle's  Organon  better  than  Mr.  Mansel,  late  Fel- 
low and  Tutor  of  St.  John's,  Oxford. 

Evan  Jones. 
Lampeter,  Cardiganshire. 


NOTES    ON   BOOKS,   ETC. 

The  University  of  Cambridge  having  adopted  tlie 
course  recommended  by  the  Pitt  Press  Syndicate,  and 
determined  upon  the  formation  of  a  more  elaborate  Cata- 
logue of  the  Manuscripts  belonging  to  the  University 
than  that  prepared  by  Nasmith,  instructions  for  carrying 
such  object  into  effect  were  issued  in  1851,  since  which 
time  a  party  of  cataloguers  have  at  intervals  been  en- 
gaged upon  the  work.  The  Catalogue  has  been  divided 
into  eight  divisions,  and  the  following  Members  of  the 
Senate  have  contributed  to  the  first  volume ;  ~  I.  Anglo- 
Saxon,  Anglo-Norman,  and  JSarlt/  English  Literature, 
Mr.  C.  Hardwick,  St.  Catherine's  Hall,  editor.  2.  Clas- 
sical, Mr.  Churchill  Babington,  St.  John's  College.  3. 
Heraldic,  ^c,  Mr.  Charles  C.  Babington,  St.  John's  Col- 
lege. 4.  Historical,  Mr.  W.  R.  Collett,  Gonville  and  Cuius 
College.  5.  Legal,  Professor  Abdy,  Trinity  Hall.  6. 
3Iusical,  Mr.  W.  H.  Hutt,  Gonville  and  Caius  College.  7. 
Scientific,  Medical,  Sfc,  Dr.  Webster,  Jesus  College,  and 
Mr.  J."Glover,  Tnnity  College.  And  lastlv,  8.  Theological, 
Mr.  H.  R.  Luard  and  Mr.  C.  B.  Scott,"  Trinity  College, 
who  have  been  assisted  by  Mr.  J.  E.  Cooper  of  St. 
John's  College,  Mr.  W.  H.  Howard  of  Sidney  Sussex  Col- 
lege, and  Mr.  F.  J.  A.  Hort  of  Trinity  College.  At  the 
conclusion  of  the  work,  a  set  of  copious  Li'dices  will  be 
appended  for  the  purpose  of  facilitating  reference  to  the 
Catalogue,  together  with  a  Table  denoting,  as  far  as  pos- 
sible, the  last  owner  from  whom  each  MS.  had  passed  into 
the  hands  of  the  University.  We  are  glad  to  have  the 
opportunity  of  bringing  under  the  notice  of  our  readers 
this  first  volume  of  A  Catalogue  of  the  Manuscripts  preserved 
in  the  Library  of  the  University  of  Cambridge,  edited  for 
the  Syndics  of  the  University  Press,  and  of  bearing  our 
testimony  to  the  great  pains  which  have  been  bestowed 
upon  it  by  the  gentlemen  selected  for  its  preparation. 
The  work  is  one  which,  when  "completed,  will  be  most 
useful  to  scholars,  as  well  as  most  creditable  to  the  com- 
pilers and  to  the  University  of  Cambridge.  Would  that 
it  might  be  followed  by  a  Second  Series  —  furnishing 
Catalogues  of  the  MSS.  in  the  Libraries  of  the  different 
Colleges  and  Halls  — like  the  admirable  Oxford  Cata- 
logue prepared  by  Mr.  Coxe. 

Clearly  arranged,  with  a  full  and  well-engraved  tra- 
velling map,  and  a  carefully  compiled  index,  Murray's 
Handbook  for  Travellers  in  Wiltshire,  Dorsetshire,  and 
Somersetshire,  will  be  found  a  trusty  guide  and  a  pleasant, 
nay,  an  indispensable  travelling  companion  to  all  future 
tourists  through  those  lovely  counties.  Mr.  Murray  is, 
by  the  publication  of  these  Home  Guides,  doing  good 
service  to  those  who  are  inclined  to  take  the  advice  of 
The  Times,  and  spend  their  holidays  in  our  own  healthful 
and  beautiful  islands. 

By-the-bye,  the  mention  of  The  Times  reminds  us  of 
the  proper  tone  in  which  that  and  other  influential 
journals  are  speaking  out  on  the  subject  of  some  recent 
operatic  and  dramatic  representations  based  upon  clever 
but  disgusting  French  novels.  The  press  may  do  much 
to  check  this  growing  evil ;  but  let  the  women  of  Eng- 
land do  justice  to  that  purity  of  mind  for  which  they  are 
world-renowned,  and  refuse  to  be  present  when  such 
dramas  are  performed,  and  they  will  put  an  effectual 


check  to  this  endeavour  to  familiarise  the  English  public 
with  the  most  objectionable  productions  of  the  novelists 
and  dramatists  of  France. 

Books  Received.  —  Dictionary  of  Greek  and  Roman 
Geography  by  Various  Writei-s,  edited  by  William  Smith, 
LL.D.,  Part  XVI.,  Salassi — Sinuessa.  This,  the  last  part 
but  one  of  this  valuable  contribution  to  our  knowledge  of 
ancient  geography,  contains,  among  other  important 
articles,  those  on  Sardinia,  Scythia,  Sicilia,  &c. 

Chappell's  Popidar  Music  of  the  Olden  Time.  Part  VII. 
That  this  new  number  of  Mr.  Chappell's  most  interesting 
illustrations  of  the  National  Music  of  England  is  not  one 
jot  inferior  to  anj'  that  have  preceded  it,  our  readers  will 
feel  sure  when  we  mention  that  in  the  present  number  the 
Editor  gives  us  the  history  of  Bobbing  Joan,  You  Gentle- 
men of  England,  The  Queen,  Old  Courtier,  Since  first  1  saw 
your  Face,  Hunting  the  Hare,  Tom  a  Bedlam,  and  many 
other  popular  airs. 


BOOKS     AND     ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.  of  tlie  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  geatlemen  by  wliom  they  are  required,  aud  whose  names  and  ad  - 
dresses  are  slven  for  that  purpose : 

Coxe's  Ballads.    J.  H.  Parker. 

Pvlr's  Pabaphbase  of  the   Epi8tz.es  of   the  New  Testament.     5tli 

Edition.    Vol.  I.  (Vol.  If.  is  dated  n(,;>.) 
Roby's  Tbaditions  of  I^a.ncasbibe.    Large  Paper  Edition. 
Tempeb.    3s.  6rf.    Seeley. 
Mill  on  the  TK.MPTATroN  of  Chbist. 
Wigan,  Divabication  between  the  Wobd  of  God  and  the  Word  or 

Man. 

Wanted  by  Charles  F.  Blackburn,  Bookseller,  Leamington. 


Mb.  Fbbbe's  Tbanslation  of  Abistophanes.    4to.    Pickering. 
Wanted  by  Rev.  John  C.  Jackson,  17.  Sutton  Place,  Hackney. 


Laudensiom  Actocatacbtsis,  oa  the  Self-Condemnatjon  of  Laud 
AND  his  Adhebents.  Anonymoiis,  but  ascribed  to  Principal  Baillie. 
16«0. 

Wanted  by  Dr.  Thorn,  38.  Erskine  Street,  Liverpool. 


iiaHtti  td  (SLaxtti^Qixatwti. 

IFe  are  compelled  to  postpone  until  next  toeek  a  continuation  of  the 
valuable  Ge.n&xa,\  Literary  Index  6//  our  Correspondent  Bibliothecab. 
CuETHAM.,  and  several  other  valuable  papers. 

A.  K.  (Broughton,  near  Chester.)  It  is  impossible  to  give  anything 
like  an  estimate  of  the  value  of  such  picturei  as  you  describe  without  see- 
ing tliem.  The  probability  is  about  il.  or  Zl.  each,  but  the  more  modern 
one  might  be  valuable  as  a  toork  qfart. 

W.  S.  (Gresham  House)  will  find  the  Nine  of  Diamonds  the  Curse  of 
Scotland  illustrated  in  ma-  Ist  S.  i.  61.  90. ;  ill.  22.  253.  423.  483.  ;  v.  619. 

Affinis,  (R.  G.)  Thanks  for  your  suggestion.  The  practice  is,  how- 
ever, carried  out  by  us  to  a  very  great  extent. 

V.  F.  S.  will  find  the  derivation  and  meaning  of  "  Mammet ' '  noticed 
in  our  Ist  S.  viii.  515. ;  ix.  43.  82.    Consult  also  mtres's  Glossary. 

EBBATDM.—  Znd  S.  118.  col.  1.  1.  i.,for  "Greek  Testament"  read 
"  Greek  text." 

Index  to  the  Fibst  Sehies.  As  this  is  now  published,  and  the  im- 
pression is  a  limited  one,  such  of  our  readers  as  desire  copies  would  do 
well  to  intimate  their  wish  to  their  respective  booksellers  without  delay. 
Our  jjijftJw/iera,  Messbs.  Bell  &  Dkldy,  will  forward  copies  by  post  on 
receipt  of  a  Post  Office  Order  for  Five  Shillings. 

"  Notes  and  Qoebirs  '•*  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  so  tluit  the 
Country  Booksellers  may  receive  Copies  in  that  night's  parcels,  and 
deliver  them  to  their  Subscribers  on  the  Saturday. 

"  Notes  and  Qdbbies  "  t'«  also  issued  in  Monthly  Parts,  for  the  con- 
venience of  those  wpo  may  either  have  a  difficulty  in  procurinp  the  un- 
stamped weekly  Numbers,  or  prefer  receiving  it  monthly.  While  parties 
resident  in  the  country  or  abroad,  who  may  be  desirous  of  receiving  the 
weekly  Numbers,  may  have  stamped  copies  forwarded  direct  from  the 
Publisher.  The  subscription  for  the  stamped  edition  of  "  Notks  and 
Qoebies  "  (including  a  very  copious  Index)  is  eleven  shillings  and  four- 
pence  for  six  months,  which  may  be  paid  by  Poet  Office  Order,  drawn  in 
favour  of  the  Publisher,  Mb.  Geobos  Bell,  No.  186.  Fleet  Street. 


2°dS.N«>34.,Aua23.'66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


141 


LONDOlf,  SAtURbAY,  AUGUST  83, 18i& 

ATTOUN's     "  BOTHWELL  : "    BOTHWELL'S     LAST 
PLACE    or   CONFINEMENT. 

Mr.  Aytoun  states  in  his  preface,  "  The  scene 
of  this  poem,  which  is  in  the  form  of  a  monologue, 
is  laid  in  the  fortress  of  Malmoe,  where  Bothwell 
was  confined."  And  in  one  of  his  notes,  after  giv- 
ing a  translation  of  the  order  for  Bothwell's  im- 
prisonment in  that  fortress,  and  noticing  his  eiforts 
to  obtain  his  freedom,  Mr.  Aytoun  remarks  : 

"  No  answer  seems  to  have  been  made  to  these  memo- 
rials, and  the  unhappj'  man  never  quitted  the  prison  in 
xchich  he  had  been  immured.^' 

Now  it  happens  to  be  a  recently  well  ascer- 
tained fact  that  Bothwell  did  quit  his  dilngeon  in 
the  fortress  of  Malmoe,  and  that,  for  the  last  five 
years  of  his  life,  he  tvas  confined  in  the  castle  of 
Drachsholni,  ivhere  he  terminated  his  miserable 
existence. 

This  fact  does  not  affect  the  action  or  interest 
of  Mr.  Aytoun's  poem,  but  for  the  sake  of  his- 
torical accuracy  it  is  commended  to  his  attention 
in  his  notes  to  his  next  edition. 

We  are  enabled  to  assign  the  castle  of  Drftchs- 
holm  as  the  place  of  Bothwell's  confinemeht  durifig 
the  last  five  years  of  his  life,  by  a  reference  to  The 
Traveller's  Handbook  to  Copenhagen  and  its  En- 
virons, by  Anglicanus  (Copenhagen,  Steen  &  Son  ; 
London,  J.  R.  Smith,  1853),  from  which  the  fol- 
lowing quotation  is  taketi : 

"  Drachsholm.  —  Although  this  castle  cannot  be  in- 
cluded in  the  environs  of  Copenhagen,  yet  it  is  within 
tolerable  distance,  and  so  connected  with  an  epoch  in 
Scottish  history  as  must  render  it  a  place  of  interest  to 
every  subject  of  Great  Britain.  It  is  a  remarkable  fact 
that  every  English  historian,  to  the  very  last,  has  made 
Malmoe,  in  Sweden,  the  death-place  of  the  turbulent 
Earl  of  iiothwell.  But  Mr.  Thorleifr  Gudmundson  Repp, 
the  learned  Icelander  (and  a  thorough  Englishman  at 
heart),  has,  acting  under  the  commands  of  Queen  Caroline 
Amalie  of  Denmark,  daughter  of  the  sister  of  George  III., 
proved  from  documents  found  by  him  in  the  Royal  Privj' 
Archives  of  Copenhagen,  that  Earl  Bothwell  was  removed 
from  Malmoe,  then  included  in  the  Danish  kingdom,  at 
the  urgent  request  of  the  Scottish  government  (as,  being 
a  sea-port,  it  aflfbrded  the  earl  too  much  liberty  and  in- 
tercourse with  the  Scottish  gentlemen  and  officers  who 
used  to  visit  that  town),  to  Drachsholm,  a  sequestered 
castle  on  the  Mest  coast  of  Zealand,  which  at  that  time 
belonged  to  the  crown,  but  is  now  a  baronial  residence, 
called  Adlersborg.  Here  it  was  that  the  turbulent  and 
ambitious  Earl  of  Bothwell  passed,  in  great  seclusion,  the 
last  years  of  his  chequered  life."  —  P.  176. 

A  very  interesting  "  short  summary  of  Mr. 
Eepp's  work  "  is  then  given,  but  as  the  Handbook 
is  so  accessible,  it  is  unnecessary  to  repeat  it  here, 
or  to  do  more  than  draw  attention  to  it.  Suffice 
it  to  say  that  Bothwell  appears  to  have  been  de- 
tained in  Malmoe  from  1568  till  1573  ;  that  he  was 


then  removed  to  the  castle  of  Drachsholm ;  that 
after  this  his  history  is  so  involved  in  obscurity 
that  even  contemporary  accounts  vary  as  to  the 
date  of  his  dfeceflse ;  that  the  Danish  authorities 
countenanced  the  report  that  he  died  in  1575, 
wearied  by  the  conflicting  entreaties  of  Scotland 
and  France ;  but  that  the  best  authorities  establish 
it  as  a  fact  that  he  died  on  the  14th  of  April, 
1578,  at  the  castle  of  Drachsholm,  and  that  his 
remains  were  consigned  to  a  v^tilt  of  the  parish 
church  of  Faareveile. 

The  author  of  the  Handbook,  in  conclusion, 
communicates  the  following  interesting  informa- 
tion : 

"  Mr.  Repp  has,  in  his  book,  collected  about  thirty  do- 
cuments, never  before  published,  consisting  of  diploinatic 
despatches  and  letters  in  Latin,  French,  German,  and 
Danish,  in  a  high  degree  interesting,  and  characteristic 
of  the  times  in  which  they  were  written.  On  them  the 
learned  Icelander  has  founded  a  memoir  illustrative  of  the 
history  of  the  north  of  Europe  in  the  latter  half  of  the 
sixteenth  century,  rriore  particularly  in  respect  to  the 
Protestant  cause  at  that  period ;  illustrative  of  the  Bar- 
tholomew massacre,  and  of  its  real  authors ;  illustrative 
of  Danish  politics  in  relation  to  the  Isles  of  Orkney  and 
Shetland,  at  that  time  held  as  a  pawn  by  the  Scottish 
Court.  Not  a  few  historical  views  now  generally  current 
are  likely  to  receive  correction  from  these  documents, 
when  they  become  known  to  the  literary  world," 

J.D. 

Paisley. 


GENE»Ali   lilTBfiART    INDEX  :    PENAL    LAWS  :    TEST 
LAWS  :    TOLtEATION. 

The  following  are  hot  found  Ih  Watt's  Biblio- 
theca  Britannica,  under  these,  their  respective 
heads : 

"  Toleration  discussed.    8vo.    London,  1670." 

"  The  Advocate  of  Conscience-Liberty,  or  an  Apology 
for  Toleration.    8vo.     1673." 

"  Two  Dialogues  in  English,  between  a  Doctor  of 
Divinity  and  a  Student  in  the  Laws  of  England,  on  the 
Grounds  of  the  said  Laws  of  Conscience.     8vo.     1673." 

"  Six  Papers,  containing,  1.  Reasons  against  the  Re- 
pealing the  Acts  of  Parliament  concerning  the  Test. 
Humbly  ofFer'd  to  the  consideration  of  the  Members  of 
both  Houses  at  their  next  meeting.  2.  Reflections  on 
His  Majesties  Proclamation  for  a  Toleration  in  Scotland, 
together  with  the  said  Proclamation.  3.  Reflections  on 
His  Majesties  Declaration  for  Liberty  of  Conscience. 
Dated  the  Fourth  of  April,  1687.  4.  An  Answer  to  a 
Paper  Printed  with  Allowance,  entitled  A  New  Test  of 
the  Church  of  England's  Loyalty.  5.  Remarks  on  the 
Two  Papers  writ  by  His  late  Majesty  King  Charles  II. 
concerning  Religion.  6.  The  Citation,  together  with 
Three  Letters  to  the  Earl  of  Midleton.  By  Gilbert 
Burnet,  D.D.     1687." 

"The  Burnt  Child  dreads  the  Fire;  or,  an  Examin- 
ation of  the  Merits  of  the  Papists  relating  to  England, 
mostly  from  their  own  Pens.  In  Justification  of  the  late 
Act  of  Parliament  for  preventing  Dangers  which  may 
happen  from  Popish  Recusants.  And  further  shewing 
that,  whatsoever  their  merits  have  been,  no  thanks  to 
their  Religion,  and  therefore  ought  not  to  be  gratified  in 


142 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  NO  34.,  Aug.  23.  '56. 


their  Eeligion  byToleration  thereof.  By  Will.  Denton. 
4to.     London,  1675." 

"  The  Established  Test  in  order  to  the  Security  of  His 
Majesty's  sacred  Person  and  Government  and  the  Pro- 
testant Religion.     4to.     1679." 

"  The  Dissenter's  usual  Pleas  for  Toleration  Discuss'd. 
8vo.     London,  1680." 

"  A  Discourse  concerning  the  Laws  of  the  Church  of 
Eome  made  against  Hereticks,  &c.  &c.  1682.  (Repr.  8vo. 
Dublin,  1723.)" 

"  Toleration  proved  Impossible.    4to.    London,  1685." 

"  A  short  Discourse  upon  the  Reasonableness  of  Men's 
having  a  Religion  or  Worship  of  God,  by  the  Duke  of 
Buckingham.     London,  1685." 

"  A  Short  Answer  to  His  Grace  the  Duke  of  Bucking- 
ham's Paper  concerning  Religion,  Toleration,  and  Liberty 
of  Conscience.    4to.     London,  1685." 

"  The  Duke  of  Buckingham  his  Grace's  Letter  to  the 
unknown  Author  of  a  Paper  entitled  '  A  Short  Answer,' 
&c.    London,  1685." 

"  A  Reply  to  the  Answer  of  the  Man  of  no  Name  to  the 
Duke  of  Buckingham's  Paper.    4to.    London,  1685." 

"A  Defence  of  the  Duke  of  Buckingham's  Book  of  Re- 
ligion and  Worship  from  the  Exceptions  of  a  nameless 
Author.     By  the  Pensylvanian.     4to.     London,  1685." 

"  The  Danger  and  Unreasonableness  of  Toleration. 
1685." 

"  Considerations  moving  to  Toleration  and  Liberty  of 
Conscience.    4to.     London,  1685." 

"  The  Vanity  of  all  Pretensions  for  Toleration.     1685." 

"  The  good  old  Test  revived  and  Recommended  to  all 
sincere  Christians.     4to.     1687. 

"The  true  Interest  of  the  legal  English  Protestants 
stated  in  a  Letter  to  a  present  Member  of  the  House  of 
Commons.    Fol.     1687." 

"  Reasons  for  the  Repeal  of  the  Tests.  4to.  (a  single 
sheet).     1687." 

"A  Letter  concerning  the  Test  and  Persecution  for 
Conscience  Sake,  to  a  Member  of  the  House  of  Lords. 
4to.     1687." 

"  Remarks  on  the  several  Sanguinary  and  Penal  Laws 
made  in  Parliament  against  Roman  Catholics.  4to. 
1687." 

"  How  the  Members  of  the  Church  of  England  ought 
to  behave  themselves  under  a  Roman  Catholic  King,  with 
reference  to  the  Test  and  Penal  Laws.  In  a  I^etter  to  a 
Friend,  by  a  Member  of  the  same  Church.  8vo.  London, 
1687." 

"  Advice  to  Freeholders  and  other  Electors  of  Members 
to  serve  in  Parliament,  in  relation  to  the  Penal  Laws  and 
the  Test.    4to.     1687." 

"  A  new  Test  of  the  Church  of  England's  Loyalty.  4to. 
1687." 

"  The  new  Test  of  the  Church  of  England's  Loyaltj'  ex  • 
amined  by  the  old  Test  of  Truth  and  Honesty.  4to. 
1687." 

"  Mr.  James's  Vindication  of  the  Church  of  England  in 
answer  to  a  Pamphlet  entitled,  A  new  Test  of  the  Church 
of  England's  Loyalty.     4to.     1687." 

"An  instance  of  the  Church  of  England's  Loyalty. 
4to.     1687." 

"A  Letter  from  a  Gentleman  in  the  Country  to  bis 
Friend  in  London  on  the  subject  of  the  Penal  Laws  and 
Tests.    4to.     1G87." 

"  A  second  Letter,  &c.     1687." 

"  A  third  Letter.     1687." 

"  A  Letter  in  answer  to  a  City  Friend,  shewing  how 
agreeable  Liberty  of  Conscience  is  to  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land.   4to.     London:  1687." 

"  A  Discourse  for  taking  off  the  Test  and  Penal  Laws 
about  Religion.     4to.     1687." 


"  The  Reasonableness  of  Toleration  and  the  Unreason- 
ableness of  Penal  Laws  and  Tests.    4to.    1687." 

"  The  Judgment  and  Doctrine  of  the  Clergy  of  the 
Church  of  England  concerning  the  King's  Prerogative  in 
dispensing  with  Penal  Laws.     1687  ?  " 

"An  Answer  to  a  late  Pamphlet  entitled,  The  Judg- 
ment and  Doctrine  of  the  Clergy,  &c.,  shewing  that  this 
is  not  asserted  by  the  Archbishops  Bancroft,  Laud,  and 
Usher,  Bp.  Sanderson,  the  Doctors  Heylin,  Barrow,  Sher- 
lock, Hickes,  Nalson,  Puller,  so  far  as  appears  from  their 
Words  cited  in  this  Pamphlet.  In  a  Letter  to  a  Friend. 
4to.    1687." 

"  Reflections  upon  the  new  Test  and  the  Reply  thereto ; 
with  a  Letter  of  Sir  Francis  Walsingham's  concerning 
the  Penal  Laws  made  in  the  Reign  of  Q.  Elizabeth.  1687. 
4to." 

"  A  Letter  to  a  Dissenter  from  his  Friend  at  the  Hague 
concerning  the  Penal  Laws  and  Test ;  shewing  that  the 
popular  Plea  for  Liberty  of  Conscience  is  not  concerned  in 
that  question.    4to.,  a  single  sheet.     Hague.     1688." 

"  Old  Popery  as  good  as  new ;  or  the  Unreasonableness 
of  the  Church  of  England  in  some  of  her  Doctrines  and 
Practices,  and  the  Reasonableness  of  Liberty  of  Conscience. 
4to.     1688." 

"  The  great  and  popular  Objection  against  the  Repeal  of 
the  Penal  Laws  and  Test  brieflj'  stated  and  considered, 
and  which  may  serve  for  answer  to  several  late  Pamphlets 
upon  the  Subject.  By  William  Pen,  the  Quaker,  1688. 
4to." 

"  An  Answer  to  the  Bp.  of  Oxford's  Reasons  for  abro- 
gating the  Test,  by  a  Person  of  Quality.  London  :  1688. 
4to." 

"  Their  Highness  the  Prince  and  Princess  of  Orange's 
Opinion  about  a  general  Liberty  of  Conscience,  &c.,  being 
a  Collection  of  four  select  Papers,  viz.  1.  Mijn  Heer 
Fagel's  First  Letter  to  Mr.  Stewart.  2.  Reflections  on 
Mons.  Fagel's  Letter,  and  Fagel's  Second  Letter  to  Mr. 
Stewart.  4.  Some  Extracts  out  of  Mr.  Stewart's  Letters, 
which  were  communicated  to  Mijn  Heer  Fagel,  together 
with  some  References  to  Mr.  Stewart's  printed  Letter. 
1689.    4to." 

"  Animadversions  upon  Mijn  Heer  Fagel's  Letter  con- 
cerning our  Penal  Laws  and  Tests ;  with  Remarks  upon 
that  Subject  occasioned  bj'  the  publishing  of  that  Letter. 
1688.    4to." 

"  Jus  Regium  Coronse ;  or  the  King's  supreme  Power 
in  dispensing  with  Penal  Statutes ;  more  particularlj'-  as  it 
relates  to  the  two  Test  Acts,  in  Two  Parts.  By  John 
Wilson.    1688.     4to." 

"A  seasonable  Discourse,  showing  the  necessity  of 
Union  among  Protestants,  in  opposition  to  Popery,  as  the 
only  means  under  God  to  preserve  the  Reformed  Religion. 
Also  the  charge  of  Persecution  lately  maintained  against 
the  Established  Religion  by  W.  P[en],  H.  C[are],  and 
other  insignificant  Scribblers  detected,  proving  it  to  be 
the  Ministers  of  State,  and  not  the  Church,  tliat  prose- 
cuted the  Penal  Laws  on  Protestant  Dissenters.  1688. 
4to." 

"  Horse  Subseciva; ;  or  a  Treatise  showing  the  original 
Grounds,  Reason,  and  Provocations  necessitating  our 
sanguinary  Laws  against  Papists  made  in  the  Daj-s  of 
Q,.  Eliz.,  and  the  Gradations  by  which  they  ascended  into 
that  severity,  and  showing  that  no  Papist  hath  been  exe- 
cuted in  England  on  the  single  account  of  his  Religion,  in 
the  Dales  of  Edwd.  VI.,  Q.  Eliz.,  James,  Car.  I.  or 
Car.  II.,  though  multitudes  of  Protestants  were  in  the 
Dales  of  Hen.  VIII.  and  Q.  Mary.    4to.     1688  ?  " 

"  A  Collection  of  several  Treatises  concerning  the 
Reasons  and  Occasions  of  the  Penal  Laws :  1.  The  Exe- 
cution of  Justice  in  England,  not  for  Religion  but  for 
Treason,  Dec.  17,  1583.  [By  Wm.  Cecil  Lord  Burleigh.] 


2°<i  S.  No  34.,  Aug.  23.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


143 


2.  Important  Considerations  by  the  Secular  Priests.  By 
William  Watson,  1681.  3.  The  Jesuits'  Reasons  Unrea- 
sonable, or  Doubts  proposed  to  the  Jesuits  upon  their 
Paper  presented  to  Seven  Persons  of  Honour-  for  Non- 
Exception  from  the  common  favour  voted  to  Catholics. 
1688.    4to.     Second  edition  corrected." 

"  Some  Considerations  about  the  new  Test  of  the  Church 
of  England's  Loyalty  in  a  Letter  to  a  Country  Gentleman 
on  the  occasion  of  the  present  Invasioa    4to.    1688." 

BiBLIOTHECAR.  ChETHAM. 

(To  be  continued.)  - 


THE  GTPSIES   AND   THEIR  NAME,   "  EOMEES." 

It  appears  that  the  gypsies,  though  they  receive 
in  various  countries  various  names  according  to  the 
ideas  which  people  may  entertain  regarding  them, 
yet  apply  to  themselves  one  and  the  same  name 
everywhere.  They  call  themselves  Romees,  or 
the  Romino  people  ;  and  the  meaning  of  the  term 
has  been  quite  puzzling  enough.  Some  philo- 
logists have  supposed  it  to  be  derived  from  the 
Sanskrit  rham,  a  husband,  but  the  sound  of  the 
word  is  not  much  alike,  and  besides,  Jiiisbands  is 
not  a  happy  term  to  apply  to  young  and  old  alike, 
to  both  the  married  and  unmarried.  Neither  can 
Romee  and  Romino  be  well  derived  from  the 
Arabic  word  which  signifies  Greece  or  the  Greeks, 
as  no  one  has  ever  imagined  that  the  gypsies  have 
either  come  from  Greece,  or  are  in  any  degree 
allied  to  the  inhabitants  of  that  land. 

It  were,  perhaps,  a  satisfactory  solution  of  the 
difficulty  if  it  could  be  admitted  that  Romees  is 
the  ancient  Egyptian  word  which  signifies  men  — 
men  or  human  beings  as  distinguished  from  the 
deities.  This  name  the  Egyptians  adopted,  con- 
sidering themselves  as  eminently  the  men  of  the 
great  and  foremost  nation  of  the  world.  That 
Romees  bore  this  meaning  can  be  learned  from 
the  works  of  ChampoUion  le  jeune  and  others, 
who  have  written  on  these  subjects.  The  classical 
scholar  will  not  forget  the  curious  blunder  into 
which  Herodotus  fell  about  the  meaning  of  this 
very  word.  The  historian  had  pointed  out  to  him 
in  a  spacious  temple  the  statues  of  the  high  priests, 
and  he  was  told  that  each  of  the  persons  whom 
they  commemorated  had  been  '  a  pi-romis,  the  son 
of  a  pi-romis,'"  that  is,  a  man  the  son  of  a  man 
(not  of  a  god).  Herodotus  quite  misapprehended 
the  information  communicated  to  him,  and  instead 
of  taking  pi-romis  son  of  a  pi-romis  to  be  a  man 
the  son  of  a  man,  he  thought  it  meant  KoXhs  koI 
ayaOhs,  "  beautiful  and  good !  "  (Vide  Euterpe, 
cap.  143.)  It  may  be  worth  reminding  the  reader 
that  the  pi  of  the  pi-romis  is  the  article  attached 
to  the  noun. 

If  the  name  Romees,  which  the  gypsies  apply 
to  themselves,  means  men,  that  is,  the  men  of 
Egypt,  some  additional  light  may  be  thrown  on 


the  obscure  question  of  the  origin  of  the  race. 
Certainly,  for  the  last  four  hundred  years  they 
have  declared  themselves  to  be  Egyptians  (the 
English  name  gypsies  is  a  corruption  of  Egyptians), 
and  at  this  day  were  anyone  to  enter  their  tents 
and  dispute  their  right  to  call  themselves  the  de- 
scendants of  the  great  nation  of  the  olden  world, 
it  is  likely  he  would  be  kicked  out  without  any 
ceremony.  "  We  are  Romees,"  say  the  gypsies 
everywhere,  "  and  Egypt  was  our  fatherland." 

Romino  Rye. 


ILLUSTRATIONS   OI"   MACAULAT. 

Passive  Obedience,  Sfc.  —  I  enclose  these  two 
sets  of  lines,  which  are  written  in  a  copy  of  the 
History  of  Passive  Obedience  since  the  Reformation, 
Amst.,  1689,  now  in  my  possession.  J.  B. 

An  Epitaph 

Upon  Passive  Obedience 

for  High  Treason  against  our 

Sovereign  Lords  y*  People, 

by  virtue  of  a  warrant  fro 

y®  Bishops  and  most  of  the 

Inferiour  Clergy. 

Here 
Certain  and  sure  beneath  this  stone, 
In  hopes  of  Resurrection, 
Passive  obedience  lyes  interred,  "j 

By  Church  of  England  men  averred,  |- 
As  long  as  for 't  they  were  prseferred.  J 

She  was  not  long  since  in  great  favour 
As  any  doctrine  of  our  Saviour, 
With  Burnet,  Tillotson,  and  Patrick. 
Tho'  some  will  tell  you  'twas  but  a  trick 
To  curry  favour  w*'*  y®  Town"", 
And  make  praeferments  all  their  own. 
Fforf  when  she  brought  the  into  danger 
They  all,  w*''  one  consent,  cryd  hang  her. 
And  being  then  |  arraigned  and  try d, 
Condemn'd  and  sentenc'd.  Thus  she  dy'd  : 
Beware  ye  Christian  doctrines  all, 
And  set  before  your  eyes  my§  fall. 
Beware,  I  say,  how  ye  contest 
With  y'  Supreme  Grate  Interest ; 
Ffor  my  ||  great  crime  upon  niy*j[  Trial 
Was  Antichristian  Self-denial. 

{Dom.  Xti  "I 
et  j- 1688. 

^tat.  suae  J 

On  the  Church  of  E. 

Stay,  ffreind,  and  see 

A  miracle  of  villany. 

This  sacred  urn  contains 

A  Matrons  Reverend  remains. 


*  Crown. 
§  Her. 


t  But. 
II  Her. 


t  Wherefore  she  was. 
\  Her. 


144 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»'»S.  Ko84.,  Aug.  28. 


Unnoted  let  y^  Place  appear, 

Least  impious  Hands  insult  Her  There. 

Who  by  strong  Paradox,  'tis  said, 

Was  dead  when  Living,  and  now  Lives  when  dead. 

But  what's  most  impious  and  incredible, 

By  her  Defender  deserted. 

By  her  ffathers  persecuted. 

By  her  Children  murthered. 
She,  who  had  long  withstood  y"  Gates  of  Hell, 
A  victim  to  fFanatick  numbers  fell. 

Say,  wouldst  thou  know 

The  scene  of  so  much  woe  ? 
Behold  these  Plains 
Whose  Monarch  by  Republick  Counsels  Reigns, 
Whose  Perjur'd  Clergy  quit  y*  Churches  cause, 
Whose  Legislators  violate  y"  Laws. 
She  m  ill  Nov.  5,  1688. 
Dyed  Dec.  6.  1705.  W"  Ch.  out  of  Danger. 


ETTMOL0GIB8. 

Marigold.  — ■  Shakspeare  has    (Cymb.,  Act  II. 
Sc.  3.) : 

"  And  winking  Mary-bpds  begin 
To  ope  their  golden  eyes." 

From  this  we  may  conclude  that  the  original 
name  was  M^ry-bud,  or  Mary-flpwer,  synonymous 
terms.  But  why  was  it  go  callec}  ?  Johnson,  in  a 
careless  sort  of  w^'Ji  says  these  n^ay  have  a  refer- 
ence to  the  Virgin  Mary.  I  thipk.  on  the  contrary, 
that  it  was  with  Mary  Magdalen  th^t  this  flower 
was  copnected.  This  Mary  is  always  represented 
as  a  mourner  gpieving  for  hep  sins,  and  in  con- 
stant attepdance  on  our  Lord,  the  Sun  of  righte- 
ousness ;  ai>d  the  marigold,  yte  see,  was  connected 
with  the  sun,  in  whose  abseRce  it  was  closed.  We 
may  further  observe,  that  its  napie  in  French  is 
souci,  in  Portuguese  saiidade,  terms  ej^pressive  of 
mournipg  and  regret.  I  would  recorpmefjd  the 
subject  tQ  those  who  are  better  qualified  than  I 
am  to  pur^ije  it.  A  punous  article  might  be 
written  on  the  connection  of  the  names  of  plants, 
flowers,  &c.,  with  those  of  persons.  I  must,  in 
fine,  add  my  protest  to  those  of  scholars  in  general 
against  the  shameful  jpanper  in  which  the  cha- 
racter of  this  most  respectable  woinan  has  been 
taken  away,  in  jnal^ing  her,  without  even  the 
shadow  of  a  proof,  and  against  all  evidence,  to 
have  been  a  womp^n  of  loose  Ijfe,  Unfortunate 
women  are  called  Magdalens  ;  we  have  Magdalen 
asylums,  and  even  the  adjective  Maudlin,  to  de- 
note the  lacrymosity  of  drunkards,  and  such  like. 
Bud,  —  I  have  hinted  above  that  this  word  was 
nearly  synonymous  with  /lower.  It  is  evidently 
80  in  the  place  there  quoted,  and  in  Loves  Labour 
Lost  (Act  V.  Sc.  2.),  along  with  daisies,  vjojets, 
and  lady-smocks,  we  have  "  cuckoo-buds  of  yellow 
hue;"  and  in  Sonnet  99. — 

•'  And  buds  of  marjoram  had  stolen  thy  hair." 


But  I  believe  the  original  sense  of  the  word  was 
that  which  it  still  retains  in  rose-bud.  In  Shak- 
speare I.  |;nd  it  almost  always  used  of  flowers 
alone,  and  I  have  not  examined  oth^r  writers. 
The  derivation  I  take  to  be  bout  (Fr.),  "  end," 
&e.,  noting  the  termination  of  the  stalk.  It  is 
true  i  h^ve  met  with  no  instance  of  the  employ- 
ment of  bout  in  this  sense,  but  it  may  have  been 
so  employed  in  the  middle  ages.  At  all  events, 
the  diminutive  bouton  has  this  sense,  and  it  may 
have  been  clipped,  like  some  other  words,  by  the 
English. 

Wormwood.  —  This  is  an  instance  of  the  prac- 
tice, to  which  I  have  more  than  once  adverted,  of 
giving  foreign  and  other  words  a  form  which  has 
a  meaning,  though  literally  a  wrong  one.  The 
Anglo-Saxon  term,  still  to  be  found  in  Wicklyfl", 
is  ivermod  (from  pems,  weary,  depressed,  and 
mob,  mind),  i,  e.  melancholy,  answering  to  its 
German  name  wermuth,  which  may  be  i.  q.  schiver- 
muth. 

Titmouse.  —  It  seems  strange  that  a  bird,  and 
if  not  a  bat,  should  be  called  a  mouse.  The  reason 
I  take  to  be  as  follows  :  —  Among  our  ancestors, 
mouse  was  a  term  of  endearment.  In  the  Knight 
of  the  Burning  Pestle,  the  favourite  term  for  his 
wife  with  the  Citizen  is  mouse,  and  Hamlet  says 
to  his  mother  (Act  III.  Sc.  4  )  : 

*'  Let  the  bloat  king  tejupt  you  again  to  bed ; 
Pinch  wanton  on  your  cheek  j  call  you  his  mouse." 

Now  the  Parus,  or  titmouse,  is  a  little  bird  very 
"  familiar  to  man,''  and  fond  of  keeping  about  his 
dwelling,  and  so  becoming  a  kind  of  favourite,  he 
was  called  mouse ;  and,  on  account  of  his  size,  tit, 
(which  is  only  another  form  of  little,  tittle,  in  fact, 
being  little)  ;  and  then  (by  the  alliteration  which 
gave  robin-redbreast,  willy-wagtail,  jack-daw), 
tom-titmouse,  and  so,  finally,  tomtit.  We  have,  by 
the  way,  tit  again  in  titlark  and  tit-warbler.  I  pre- 
sume that  tittlebat  is  merel}'  a  corruption  of  stickle- 
back. We  have  also  tit,  a  little  horse,  and  then  a 
young  girl ;  and  a  "  tit  bit"  is  a  nice  small  delicate 
portion  of  food.  Thos.  KfiiGHTi-Br. 


ST.  MAEGABEt's   AKD   ST.  MAHTIu's,   WESTMINSTER. 

The  following  document  strikes  me  as  curious, 
not  only  on  account  of  its  purport,  but  also  for 
the  circumstances  which  it  incidentally  mentions. 
Henry  VIII.,  it  appears,  had  recently  enclosed 
some  lands  in  the  parish  of  St.  Martin-in-the- 
Fields,  and  made  them  into  a  royal  park.  A  por- 
tion of  the  parish  of  St.  Margaret,  Westminster, 
at  that  time  lay  on  the  north  side  of  the  king's 
palace,  apparently  stretching  along  the  Strand  to 
St.  Clement's  church  ;  and  this  circumstance  oc- 
casioned considerable  inconvenience  to  the  Court, 
as  the  bodies  of  those  who  died  in  the  northern 


2''4  S.  No  84.,  Aug.  23.  'SB.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


145 


part  of  the  parish  had  to  be  conveyed  past  the 
palace  to  be  buried  in  St.  Margaret's  churchyard. 
The  fear  o^  infection  from  dead  bodies  made  it 
desirable  that  this  practice  should  be  put  an  end 
to;  and  the  king,  partly  to  remove  the  cause  of 
apprehension,  and  partly  to  compensate  the  parish 
of  St.  Martin's  for  the  loss  of  tithes  it  had  sus- 
tained by  the  enclosure,  annexed  to  it  all  that 
part  of  tbe  parish  of  St.  Margaret  which  lay  be- 
tween the  palace  and  St.  Clement's  church. 
Such  are  the  facts  made  known  to  us  by  the 
document  which  I  transcribe. 

Patent  33  Henry  VJIL  p.  6.  m.  (11.) 

"  Pro  ecclesia  parochiali  Sanctl  Martini  in  Campis, 

de  concessione. 

"  Rex  omnibus  ad  quos,  &c.  Salutem.  Sciatis 
quod  nos,  in  recompensationem  decimarum  et  ali- 
orum  jurium  ecclesiasticorum  quae  parochialis 
ecclesia  Sancti  Martini  in  Campis  prope  Charing- 
crosse,  Westmonasterii  diocesis,  ex  imparcatione 
quorundam  praediorura  et  aliorum  locorum  decim- 
abiliura  in  parochia  illius  ecclesiae  consistentium, 
et  nunc  pro  sustentatione  et  conservatione  dama- 
rum  et  aliarum  ferarum  nostrarum  ibidem  impar- 
catorum  *,  perpetuo  amisit ;  Atque  ad  evitandura 
periculum  infectionis  quod  Aularibus  nostris  ex 
delatione  corporum  raortuorum  per  palatium  nos- 
trum regium  ad  ecclesiam  Sanctaa  Margaretee 
Civitatis  nostras  Westmonasterii  sepeliendorum  in- 
venire  possit ;  Volumus,  concedimus  et  ordinamus, 
quod  omnes  illae  aides  sive  domus  ac  alia  loca  de- 
cimabilia  qua3  inter  ecclesiam  parochialem  Sancti 
Clementis  extra  Barras  Novl  Templi  London'  et 
palatium  nostrum  regale  Westmonasterii  existunt 
et  usque,  dum  in  et  de  parochia  dictse  ecclesia 
Sanctse  Margaretae  consistebant,  unacum  incolis  et 
habitatoribus  eorundem,  abhinc  sint  et  esse  cen- 
seantur  .de  et  in  parochia  Sancti  Martini  in 
Campis;  Ita  quod  bene  licebit  vicario  perpetuo 
ipsius  ecclesi*  Sancti  Martini  qui  pro  tempore 
fuerit,  incolas  et  habitatores  antedictos  ad  eccle- 
siam Sancti  Martini  praedictam  pro  divinis  au- 
diendis  ac  sacramentis  et  sacramentalibus  par- 
tlcipandis  recipere  et  admittere,  ac_  decimas  et 
oblationes  et  caetera  jura  ecclesiastics  abipsis 
Deo  et  ecclesiae  eorum  parochite  ofFerri  debita  et 
consueta  percipere  et  habere,  absque  impedimento 
nostro  vel  haeredum  nostrorum  aut  aliorum  quo- 
rumcunque :  Eo  quod  expressa  mencio,  etc.  In 
cujus  rei,  etc.  Teste  Rege  apud  Westmonaste- 
rium,  xxj  die  Marcij. 

"  Per  breve  de  private  Sigillo  et  de  data,  &c." 

James  Gairdneb. 
*  "  Imparcatarum  "  in  orig. 


flfCinor  ^atei, 

Salisbury  Court  Theatre.  —  la  a  letter  from 
Sir  George  Gresley  to  Sir  Thomas  Puckering, 
dated  Essex  House,  Oct.  24,  1629,  is  the  following 
notice  of  the  origin  of  this  theatre  : 

"  My  Lord  of  Dorset  is  become  a  great  husband ;  fpr  he 
hath  let  his  house  in  Salisbury  Court  unto  the  queen  for 
the  Ambassador  Leiger  of  France,  which  is  daily  ex- 
pected to  come  over,  to  lie  in,  and  giveth  for  it  350/.  by 
the^  year,  and  for  the  rest  of  his  stables  and  outhouses 
towards  the  water  side,  he  hath  let  for  1000/.  fine  and 
lOOZ.  by  the  year  rent,  unto  the  master  of  the  revels,  to 
make  a  playhouse  for  the  children  of  the  revels." 

The  late  Mr.  Thomas  Uodd  had  in  his  possession 
some  interesting';MS.  documents  concerning  this 
old  theatre,  a  list  of  which  I  subjoin. 

1.  "Indenture  between  John  Heme  of  Lin- 
coln's Inn,  Esq.,  and  the  Earl  of  Dorset,  relating 

to    the   Play- House  in   Dorset   Gardens,    1629,      < 
signed  by  the  Earl.^' 

2.  "  Grant  of  permission  to  Andrew  Rayne  and 
others,  the  qualities  of  Playing  as  well  in  their 
present  Theatre,  Salisbury  Court,  as  elsewhere, 
1631." 

3.  *'  Richard  Heton's  Instructions  for  his  Pa- 
tent." 

4.  "  Instructions  touching  Salisbury  Court 
Playhouse,  1639." 

5.  "  Assignment  of  the  Playhouse  and  Premises 
in  Salisbury  Court,  Lord  Dorset  and  J.  Heme  to 
W.  Beeston,  1648." 

6.  "  Mr.  Birde's  Counterpart  concerning  the 
Playhouse  in  Salisbury  Court,  1652." 

Edward  P.  Rimbault. 

Identity  of  Morgan  O'Doherty.  —  I  have  not 
the  early  numbers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  to  refer  to,  and 
may  therefore  be  repeating  something  already 
stated  on  this  point.  In  conversation  with  the 
late  Dr.  Maginn,  some  seventeen  years  ago,  I 
happened  to  quote  one  of  the  "  Maxims  of  Ensign 
O'Doherty,"  published  in  Blackwood,  I  think  aa 
early  as  1825  ;  and  the  Doctor  claimed  it  and  them 
as  his  own.  This,  at  least,  proves  Dr.  Maginn'g 
adoption  of  the  nom  de  plume  in  question.     R.  W. 

Reading. 

Superstition  at  Constantina.-~- 

"  Whilst  great  inundations  have  taken  place  in  France, 
Africa  has  been  suffering  from  drought.  At  Constantina 
the  natives  last  week  had  recourse  to  what  they  consider 
an  infallible  means  of  obtaining  rain  —  tbp  ceremony  of 
ducking,  with  religious  forms,  in  \he  nearest  river  the 
half-witted  creatures  called  marabouts.  Five  or  six  of 
these  men  were  conveyed  in  procession  to  the  Roumel, 
and  there  plunged  several  times  in  succession  into  the 
water,  the  persons  composing  the  procession  at  the  same 
time  singing  and  shouting.  One  of  them,  who  was  un- 
willing to  be  ducked,  was  thrown  into  the  river  by  force, 
and  when  he  came  out  he  declared  in  a  passion  that  no 
rain  should  fall  for  a  year.  The  next  day,  however,  to  the 
great  delight  of  the  natives,  clouds  covered  the  sky,  and. 


146 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nds.  No84.,  Aug.  23.'56. 


after  awhile,  abundant  raia  fell.    Of  course  they  ascribed 
this  result  to  the  ducking  of  the  marabouts. —  Galignani." 
From  The  Morning  Star,  May  22,  1856. 
K.  P.  D.  E. 

Print  of  Felton  the  Assassin.  —  The  following 
passage  in  Dr.  Heylin's  Extraneus  Vapulans,  or 
the  Observator  Rescued,  Sfc,  8vo.,  1636,  p.  306.,  is 
curious,  as  showing  that  a  portrait  of  Felton,  the 
murderer  of  the  Duke  of  Buckingham,  must  at 
one  period  have  been  common  : 

"  The  man  [Felton]  might  possibly  be  set  on,  and  his 
discontents  made  use  of  to  this  barbarous  murder,  by 
some  of  those  who  wished  well  to  the  remonstrance ;  and 
it  may  be  believed  the  rather,  because  the  pictures  of  the 
wretch  being  cut  in  brass,  and  exposed  to  sale,  were  caught 
up  greedily  by  that  party;  and  being  (because)  the 
copies  of  these  letters  were  printed  in  the  bottom  of  it,  it 
is  more  probable  that  our  author  might  have  them 
tllence." 

Edwakd  F.  Rimbault. 

Dancing  over  a  Husband's  Grave  prevented.  — 
The  following  entry,  bearing  date  May  20,  1736, 
occurs  in  the  parish  register  of  Lymington, 
Hants :  — 

"  Samuel  Baldwyn,  Esq.,  sojourner  in  this  parish,  was 
immersed  without  the  Needles,  in  Scratcher's  Bay,  sans 
ceremonie. " 

It  is  said  that  he  ordered  his  remains  to  be  thus 
deposited,  to  prevent  his  •wife  from  executing  a 
threat  of  dancing  over  his  grave.  I  hope,  for 
Mrs.  Baldwyn's  sake,  this  was  not  the  case. 

R.  W.  Hackwood. 

Raphael  as  a  Phoenix.  —  It  is  evident  to  me, 
notwithstanding  the  glosses  of  Newton  and  Pearce, 
that  Milton  {Paradise  Lost,  book  v.)  intended 
the  angel  Raphael  to  assume  the  appearance  of  a 
phoenix.     The  description  — 

"  .        .        .        .        to  all  the  fowls  he  seems 
A  phoenix,  gaz'd  by  all,  as  that  sole  bird,"  &c.,  — 

does  not  appear  to  have  been  understood  by  any  of 
the  commentators.  It  is  evidently  an  allusion  to 
Tacitus  {Annals,  book  vi.  chap.  28.)  :  "  Multo 
ceterarum  volucrum  comitatu,  novam  faciem 
mirantium."  C.  Mansfield  Inglebt, 

Birmingham. 

Farinelli. — It  is  related  (I  know  not  upon  what 
authority)  that  for  several  years  Farinelli  sang  the 
same  two  songs  every  night  to  the  King  of  Spain, 
and  in  Mr.  Bunn's  work  concerning  the  stage  is 
a  letter,  in  which  the  writer  speaks  of  possessing, 
what  he  supposes  to  be  a  rarity,  a  copy  (MS.)  of 
one  of  these  very  songs,  "  Pallido  il  Sole."  The 
writer  had  no  idea  that  it  was  printed.  Both  that 
and  the  other,  "  Per  questo  dolce  amplesso,"  are 
to  be  found  in  Walsh's  Le  Delizie  delV  Opere, 
vol.  i.  From  Mr.  Bunn's  remarks  upon  the  letter 
which  was  addressed  to  him  on  the  occasion  of 
his  bringing  out  Mr.  J.  Barnett's  opera  of  Fari- 


nelli, we  find  that  Mr.  Barnett  also  was  not  aware 
of  the  existence  in  print  of  the  two  airs  in  ques- 
tion. We  have  the  Curiosities  of  Literature,  and 
these  airs  might  find  a  place  in  the  •'  Curiosities  of 
Music."  A.  RoFFB. 

Somers  Town. 

A  Tailor  reduced  to  Zero.  —  You  are  welcome 
to  the  following  if  you  think  it  worth  embalming 
in  "N.  &  Q."  I  found  it  in  Raikes's  Journal :  it 
appeared  originally  in  the  Chronique  de  Paris, 
1835,  and  is  founded  on  the  sayings  :  —  "a  cat  has 
nine  lives,"  —  "  nine  tailors  make  a  man  : " 

1  cat    =  9  living  men, 
1  man  =  9  living  tailors, 
If  -I  9  cats  =  9  X  9  or  81  men, 
9  men  =  9  x  9  or  81  tailors, 
9  cats  =  81  X  81  or  6561  tailors. 
According  to  this  calculation,  the  value  of  a  tailor 
seems  mathematically  reduced  to  zero. 

Henry  Kensington. 
Note  from  a  Fly-leaf.  —  On  the  fly-leaf  of  an 
old  Prayer  Book,  I  lately  found  the  following 
memorandum : 

"  Lines  attached  to  the  Door  of  St.  Mary's  Church  on  the 
Day  of  Thanksgiving  for  Lord  Duncan's  Victory. 

"  Ye  wicked  people,  are  these  your  pranks. 
To  murther  men  and  give  God  thanks  ? 
O  pray  leave  off,  and  go  no  further. 
For  God  requires  no  thanks  for  murther." 

I  am  unable  to  fix  the  locality,  but  am  of 
opinion  that  the  place  indicated  is  Chester :  the 
owner  of  the  book  having  resided  there  about  that 
period.  Hugh  Owen. 


ETON   MONTEM. 


If  this  should  meet  the  eye  of  any  gentleman 
who  walked  in  either  of  the  Montem  processions 
of  1790  or  1793,  and  who  remembers  having 
afterwards  sat  for  his  portrait  in  a  picture  of  the 
ceremony,  he  will  very  much  oblige  me  if  he  will 
be  so  kind  as  to  communicate  his  name  and  address, 
as  I  have  recently  become  possessed  of  the  very 
curious  picture,  and  am  endeavouring  to  identify 
the  personages.  There  are  about  eighty  portraits 
of  Etonians,  and  about  twenty  of  spectators,  gen- 
tlemen and  ladies.  J.  W.  Croker. 
Alverbank,  Gosport,  Aug.  18,  1856. 


KNOWLEDGE    OF   EUROPEAN   HISTORY   AMONG    BAR- 
BAROUS  NATIONS. 

Niebuhr,  in  his  Lectures  on  Ancient  History, 
calculates  that  Herodotus  composed  his  historical 
work  sixty  years  after  the  expedition  of  Xerxes, 


2nd  s.  NO  34.,  Aug.  23.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


147 


anrl  seventy  years  after  the  battle  of  Marathon. 
He  proceeds  to  make  the  following  remarks  : 

"If  before  Herodotus  no  important  historical  -work  was 
written  upon  those  events,  pray  consider  what  changes, 
during  so  long  a  period,  may  have  taken  place  in  a  tra- 
dition which  was  not  fixed  by  writing,  and  how  many 
fabulous  additions  may  have  been  made  to  it.  It  is  well 
known  that  the  account  of  Napoleon's  expedition  to 
Egypt  has  already  assumed,  in  the  mouth  of  the  Egyptian 
Arabs,  such  a  fabulous  appearance  that  it  might  seem  to 
have  required  a  century  to  develop  it ;  and  instances  of 
the  same  kind  occur  frequentl}'.  At  a  time  when  an  oc- 
currence engrosses  the  mind  of  everj'body,  the  account  of 
it  undergoes  incredible  changes:  events  are  transposed 
from  an  earlier  to  a  later  time,  and  vice  versa ;  we  can 
scarcely  form  an  idea  of  this  vivacity  and  elasticity  of 
traditions,  because  in  our  days  everything  is  immediately 
put  upon  record."  —  Vol.  i.  p.  320.  ed.  Schmitz. 

In  another  part  of  the  same  work,  the  following 
observations  occur  during  an  examination  of  Livy's 
belief  that  the  name  of  Alexander  the  Great  was 
not  known  to  the  contemporary  Romans  : 

"  Maritime  communications  in  antiquity  were  very 
active  and  extensive,  and  the  notions  commonly  enter- 
tained on  this  subject  are  quite  erroneous :  after  the  ex- 
pulsion of  the  kings,  Roman  ships  sailed  as  far  as  Spain, 
as  we  see  from  the  treaty  with  Carthage.  The  Romans 
therefore  might  very  well  know  about  Alexander.  At 
the  present  time  reports  of  European  occurrences  reach 
the  interior  of  Africa,  Persia,  and  China,  with  inconceiv- 
able rapidity.  Thus  the  French  revolution  was  known 
in  the  distaiit  East  at  an  early  period,  but  in  a  peculiar 
manner ;  but  the  people  in  Persia  and  on  the  coast  of 
Arabia  could  not  understand  it.  I  have  heard  strange 
things  from  those  who  had  travelled  in  those  countries ; 
even  in  China  it  was  very  soon  known.  The  present  in- 
surrection of  the  Greeks  was  known  in  the  interior  of 
Africa;  in  the  year  1823,  the  attention  of  everybody  in 
Sacatoo  and  Borneo  was  occupied  with  it ;  it  was  imagined 
to  be  a  general  war  between  Christians  and  Mahometans. 
As  nations  little  more  than  half  savages  knew  of  these 
things,  why  should  not  the  highly  civilised  nations  of  an- 
cient Italy'have  heard  of  Alexander's  progress  and  con- 
quests ?  Whoever  could  tell  of  these  things  was  no  doubt 
listened  to  by  thousands.  During  the  Seven  Years'  war, 
my  father  met  in  Yemen  the  minister  Fati  Achmed,  who 
knew  about  the  war,  and  by  the  many  questions  he  asked 
about  the  relations  between  England  and  France,  he 
showed  that  he  took  great  interest  in  them.  He  had  maps 
of  countries  of  which  he  could  not  read  the  names,  but  he 
nevertheless  formed  some  notions  from  them.  In  Japan, 
there  exists  a  complete  European  atlas  in  Japanese  cha- 
racters ;  and  from  it  the  geography  of  Europe  has  been 
learned  for  the  last  forty  years,  although  the  Japanese 
exclude  Europeans.  —  lb.  vol.  ii.  p.  418." 

As  the  barbarous  and  semi-barbarous  nations 
of  Asia  and  Africa  have  in  general  no  newspapers, 
or  books  relating  to  recent  history  ;  as  they  have 
not  even  a  letter-post,  and  the  art  of  writing  is 
confined  to  a  small  number  of  persons ;  their 
knowledge  of  contemporary  occurrences  must  be 
derived  almost  exclusively  from  oral  information. 
The  oral  reports  which  are  thus  passed  on,  with- 
out verification  by  reference  to  any  written  source, 
cannot  fail  to  undergo  extensive  alterations  in  their 
progress  ;  especially  as  the  notions  entertained  re- 


specting foreign  countries  by  a  people  who  possess 
no  maps  or  books  of  geography,  must  be  ia  the 
highest  degree  confused  and  imperfect.  Such  re- 
ports are  moreover  likely  to  be  modified  by  the 
peculiar  ideas  current  among  the  nations  which 
receives  the  account.  Thus  the  Kaffirs  in  Southern 
Africa  are  said  to  have  heard  of  the  hostilities  in 
the  Crimea ;  but  to  have  believed  that  the  English 
had  been  fighting  against  the  spirits  of  their 
countrymen  who  had  been  killed  in  the  late 
Kaffir  wars.  In  the  passages  above  cited,  Niebuhr 
alludes  to  the  peculiar  form  in  which  the  accounts 
of  the  French  Revolution  penetrated  into  the 
heart  of  Asia;  and  to  the  modifications  which 
Napoleon's  expedition  to  Egypt  underwent  in  the 
mouths  of  the  Egyptian  Arabs.  Can  any  of  your 
correspondents  throw  light  upon  this  subject,  and 
give  examples,  either  from  his  own  experience  or 
from  books,  of  the  ideas  entertained  by  Oriental 
and  African  nations  as  to  the  recent  events  of 
European  history,  such  as  those  mentioned  by 
Niebuhr  ?  L. 


Minav  HhutvitS. 

Prince  Charles  Edward's  Stay  in  Manchester  in 
1745.  —  In  the  next  Part  of  Byrom's  Remains 
(vol.  ii.  Part  ii.)  will  be  given  a  very  curious  and 
interesting  detailed  account  of  the  prince's  arrival 
and  stay  in  Manchester  in  1745,  which  has  never 
before  been  printed.  If  any  of  your  correspon- 
dents are  in  possession  of  any  unpublished  letters, 
or  other  MSS.  or  broadsides,  illustrative  of  that 
event,  and  would  entrust  them  to  the  care  of  the 
Editor,  it  would  greatly  oblige  him,  as  it  is  his 
wish  to  make  the  account  as  complete  as  possible. 

R.  Pakkinson. 

St.  Bees. 

Egyptian  Locks. — The  ancient  Egyptian  wooden 
locks,  having  moveable  pins  dropping  into  and 
securing  the  bolts,  are  still  commonly  used  in 
Egypt.  From  some  sculptures  on  the  temple  at 
Karnac,  M.  Denon  infers  that  the  invention  is 
four  thousand  years  old.  Locks  identical  in  con- 
struction are  used  in  the  Faroe  Islands ;  and  I 
have  one  from  Shanghai  similar  in  principle,  but 
improved  in  its  details.  Can  any  of  your  readers 
inform  me  whether  the  Egyptian  lock  is  to  be 
found  in  use  elsewhere  ?  J.  Chgbb. 

57.  St.  Paul's. 


Zooks.  —  Derivation  ? 


A.A.D. 


Death  at  Will  — We  all  die  in  good  time,  in 
the  natural  course  of  events,  and  most  of  us  ex- 
pect to  find  that  "good  time"  come  quite  soon 
enough ;  but  it  appears  that  there  have  been  in- 
dividuals who,  to  oblige  their  friends,  have  died 
somehow, — and  to  please  themselves  have  come  to 


148 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  N"  34.,  Aug.  23.  '56. 


life  again  —  also  somehow  —  many  times  before 
finally  "  throwing  off  this  mortal  coil." 

The  following  is  a  case  of  this  kind,  given  in 
the  Night  Side  of  Nature.  And,  as  many  of  your 
readers  may  be  better  acquainted  with  its  facts 
than  myself,  I  shall  be  obliged  if  they  can  furnish 
me  with,  or  refer  me  to  any  additional  particulars 
respecting  it,  or  if  they  will  note  any  similar 
cases  which  are  known  to  have  occurred. 

Speaking  of  voluntary  trance,  Mrs.  Crowe  says  : 

"  He  [Colonel  Townshend]  could,  to  all  appearance, 
die  whenever  he  pleased ;  his  heart  ceased  to  beat,  there 
was  no  perceptible  respiration,  and  his  whole  frame  be- 
came cold  and  rigid  as  death  itself:  the  features  being 
shrunk  and  colourless,  and  the  eyes  glazed  and  ghastly. 
He  would  continue  in  this  state  for  several  hours,  and 
then  gradually  revive ;  but  the  revival  does  not  appear 
to  have  been  an  effort  of  will,  or  rather  we  are  not  in- 
formed whether  it  was  so  or  not I  find,  from  the 

account  of  Dr.  Cheyne,  who  attended  him,  that  Colonel 
Townshend's  own  way  of  describing  the  phenomenon  to 
which  he  was  subject,  was,  that  he  could  'die  or  expire 
when  he  pleased ; '  and  yet,  by  an  effort,  or  somehow,  he 
could  come  to  life  again.  He  performed  the  experiment 
in  the  presence  of  three  medical  men ;  one  of  whom  kept 
his  hand  on  his  heart,  another  held  his  wrist,  and  the 
third  placed  a  looking-glass  before  his  lips:  and  they 
found  that  all  traces  of  respiration  and  pulsation  gra- 
dually ceased,  insomuch  tliat,  after  consulting  about  his 
condition  for  some  time,  they  were  leaving  the  room 
persuaded  that  he  was  really  dead,  when  signs  of  life 
appeared,  and  he  slowly  revived.  He  did  not  die  whilst 
repeating  the  experiment,  as  has  been  eometimes  as- 
serted." 

What  "  account  of  Dr.  Cheyne"  is  referred  to  ? 
R.  W.  Hackwood. 

"De  Hayo." — Who  is  the  author  of  De  Rayo, 
or  the  Haunted  Priory,  a  dramatic  romance,  pub- 
lished at  London  in  1833  ?  K.  J. 

Modern  Judaism.  —  In  what  work  shall  I  find 
the  fullest  details  of  the  present  belief  and  cere- 
monial practices  of  the  Jews  ? 

Are  Jews  landholders  In  any  nation  ?  if  so,  how 
do  they  regulate  themselves  with  regard  to  the 
year  of  Jubilee  ?  Do  they  interpret  the  ordi- 
nance of  restoration  to  the  owner,  as  applicable 
solely  to  the  Promised  Land  ? 

Supposing  that,  by  political  arrangement,  Pa- 
lestine were  restored  to  the  Jews,  would  they 
resume  the  sacrifices  of  the  Temple  ? 

How  far  —  as  respects  the  creed,  conduct,  and 
habits  of  the  Jews  themselves — ^has  Christianity, 
philosophy,  or  the  general  progress  of  knowledge, 
operated  ? 

Is  Palestine  so  valuable  to  the  Moslem,  that 
there  is  no  chance  of  inducing  him  to  resign  its 
possession  for  "a  consideration?"  and  could  not 
that  consideration  be  easily  furhished  by  the  scat- 
tered but  wealthy  remnant  of  Israel  ?         Delta. 

Gerard  Malynds.  —  This  old  commercial  writer 
iras,  according  to  Chalmers,  an  authority  iil  high 


repute  upon  matters  of  trade  in  the  reigns  of 
Elizabeth  and  James,  and  much  consulted  by 
their  governments.  I  am  aware  of  slight  allu- 
sions to  my  subject  in  Censura  Literaria,  and  in 
Dr.  Smith's  Memoirs  of  Wool,  as  well  as  Oldys' 
notice  of  one  of  his  books  ;  but  these  being  meagra 
and  unsatisfactory,  perhaps  through  "  'N.  &  Q." 
I  may  be  helped  to  something  more  substantial 
touching  this  "  Bclglcke  Pismire, "  which,  in  allu- 
sion to  his  foreign  origin,  his  contemporary  aiid 
rival  Misselden  sneeringly  styles  him.  J,  O. 

Ancient  Drum  at  Durham  Castle. — In  the  prin- 
cipal room  at  Durham  Castle,  and  right  over  the" 
door,  is  a  large  drum  affixed  to  the  wall.  I  am 
informed  that  it  is  a  trophy  which  was  captured 
at  some  celebrated  battle.  Will  Mr.  Dixon,  or 
some  other  Durham  correspondent,  kindly  afford 
information  on  this  subject  through  your  valuable 
journal  ?  Ein  Frager. 

Daily  Service.  —  What  has  been  the  history  of 
the  daily  prayers  in  our  parish  churches  since  the 
Reformation  ?  Would  it  not  seem  from  Canons 
14.  and  15.  of  the  Synod  of  1603,  that  daily 
service  was  not  then  In  general  use  ?  By  the  first 
the  prescript  form  of  divine  service  is  enjoined  td 
be  used  on  Sundays,  holy  days,  and  their  eves  ; 
by  the  second  the  Litany  is  ordered  to  be  used  on 
Wednesdays  and  Fridays  weekly.  The  Litany,  it 
must  be  remembered,  was  not  then  so  closely  con- 
nected as  now  to  Morning  Prayer  ;  the  words  to 
be  said  or  sung  "  after  Morning  Prayer  "  not  being 
inserted  till  1662. 

Yet  the  plain  rule  at  the  end  of  the  Preface 
Concerning  the  Service  of  the  Church,  "  All 
Priests  and  Deacons  shall  be  bound  to  say  Daily 
the  Morning  and  Evening  Prayer.  .  .  .  And 
the  Curate  that  ministereth  in  every  Parish  Church 
or  Chapel  .  .  .  shall  say  the  same  in  the 
Parish  Church  or  Chapel  where  he  ministereth, 
&c.,"  stood  in  its  present  place  all  the  while,  ever 
since  the  Book  of  1552.  How  are  tliese  apparent 
contradictions  to  be  reconciled  ?  Of  course  now 
the  Rubric  Is  more  binding  than  the  Canon  (in 
every  way),  as  in  the  parallel  case  respecting  the 
time  of  public  catechising.  A.  A.  D. 

"  There's  a  gude  time  coming.'^  —  Is  this  say- 
ing, the  burden  of  a  popular  song  by  Dr.  Mackay, 
an  old  expression  in  Scotland  ?  I  find  the  fol- 
lowing in  Rob  Hoy :  * 

" '  It  is  lotig  since  ■We  met,  Mr.  Campbell,'  said  the 
Duke. 

"  '  It  is  so,  my  Lord  Duke ;  I  could  have  wished  it  had 
been '  (looking  at  the  fastening  oh  his  arms)  '  when  I  could 
have  better  paid  the  compliments  I  owe  to  your  Grace. 
But  there's  a  gude  time  coming.^  " 

Prestomiensis. 


Wavetley  Edition,  vol.  vi.  p.  334.,  Ed.  1822. 


2"«  S.  No  34.,  AcG.  23.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


149 


Old  Painting  of  Siege  of  Namur.  —  I  lately  saw 
at  the  house  of  a  friend  an  old  painting  of  the 
capture  of  the  castle  and  city  of  Naniur  in  1695. 
King  William  on  horseback  is  a  prominent  figure. 
I  have  in  my  possession  an  engraving  of  the  same, 
taken  from  a  painting  "once  King  William's,  and 
now  in  the  hands  of  the  Bishop  of  Kililare,  1743." 
I  wish  to  know  whether  the  above  is  the  original 
painting,  or  whether  copies  of  it  were  taken. 

Clericus.  (D.) 

Village  of  Rivgsend.  —  What  is  the  origin  of 
the  name  of  liingsend,  a  village  in  the  immediate 
neighbourhood  of  Dublin  ?  And  has  the  same 
name  been  given  to  any  other  locality  ? 

Abhba. 

Presentiments  of  Death.  —  Having  been  several 
months  in  the  Crimea  during  the  severest  period 
of  the  bombardment,  I  can  state  that  many  cases 
of  presentiments  were  fulfilled ;  as,  also,  that  some 
were  falsified.  There  were  also  many  deaths- 
without  any  accompanying  presentiment  having 
been  made  known.  A  sergeant  in  the  Light  Di- 
vision, who  was  in  the  second  boat  which  reached 
the  shore  before  the  Alma,  and  went  through  all 
the  severest  work  up  to  the  final  storming,  fre- 
quently, in  his  letters  home,  remarked,  "  Some- 
thing tells  me  I  sliall  escape  ;  "  but,  poor  fellow, 
he  was  hit  severely  in  two  places  at  the  Redan. 
In  one  of  his  letters  he  stated  :  "  Many  of  our 
men  knew  when  they  would  fall,  and  prepared 
accordingly  by  packing  up  letters  and  papers,  and 
leaving  instructions  as  to  sending  and  writing  to 
friends ;  sure  enough  they  did  fall." 

Query,  Can  any  of  the  numerous  readers  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  add  to  the  remarkable  instances  of 
presentiments  which  have  been  fulfilled  or  falsi- 
fied.    Both  sides  should  be  given.  R. 

Family  of  Hogarth. — ^^I  am  very  anxious  to 
obtain  a  pedigree  of  the  Border  family  of  Hogarth. 
About  a  century  ago,  this  name  was  very  common 
on  the  Scotch  side  of  the  Border ;  but  it  is  now 
comparatively  scarce.  Dr.  Burn,  in  his  History 
of  Westmoreland  and  Cumberland,  mentioning 
Hogarth  the  painter,  says  that  the  name  originated 
in  Westmoreland. 

This  I  am  inclined  to  question,  because  the 
tradition  on  the  borders  is,  that  the  Hogarths  were 
always  a  Scotch  family ;  and  I  have  met  with  the 
name  in  Berwickshit-e,  early  irl  the  Seventeetith 
century. 

The  Hogarths  wete  a  tiuiJierdtls  ^tid  influential 
race ;  and  as  the  Border  genealogies  have  been  so 
well  investigated,  I  am  in  hopes  that  sortie  of 
your  readers  will  be  able  to  afford  me  some  in- 
formation from  the  numerous  learned  works  on 
Border  antiquities  which  have  been  published. 
I  am  curious  to  know  if  the  Hogarths  are  classed 
by  Mounipenny,  in  his  iScots  Chronicle,  amongst 


the  plundering  Border  clans.  Burke,  in  his  En- 
cyclopadia  of  Heraldry,  spells  the  name  Howgart, 
or  Hogarth,  An  early  example  of  the  former 
speHing  will  be  very  acceptable.  I  am  also  very 
anxious  to  find  out  some  record  of  the  intermar- 
riages of  the  Hogarths  with  the  Pringles  and 
Riddles,  the  dates  of  which  I  have  been  unable  to 
discover.  Any  information  on  the  above,  how- 
ever slight,  will  be  most  acceptable. 

Sigma  Theta. 

Langhorne  Family,  —  A  niece  of  mine,  whose 
great-grandfather  was  the  Rev.  Wm.  Langhorne, 
who  assisted  his  brother,  the  Doctor,  in  the  trans- 
lation of  Plutarch,  wishes  to  learn  some  parti- 
culars of  this  family.  What  relation  to  the 
Langhornes  was  William  Wordsworth  f  Was  not 
Mr.  Robinson,  ranger  of  Windsor  Park  or  Forest, 
a  relation  of  the  Langhornes,  and  did  not  his 
daughter  marry  Lord  Abergave7iny  ?  Indeed,  any 
information  will  be  gratifying  to  the  lady  who 
asks  for  it  through  R,  W.  Dixon. 

Seaton  Carew,  co.  Durham. 

Near-sightedness.  —  Can  any  of  the  readers  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  inform  me  of  the  reason,  if  there  is 
one,  of  the  extreme  rarity  of  near-sightedness 
among  the  lower  classes  ?  The  higher  the  po- 
sition in  society,  the  more  frequent  are  the  cases 
of  near-sight ;  and  though  many  (for  what  reason 
I  never  could  determine)  often  affect  the  defect, 
though  they  have  it  not,  still  genuine  cases  are 
very  common  among  the  higher  classes,  and  I  do 
not  remember  having  taet  with  a  single  case 
among  the  lowet  ones.  BelIisarius. 

M'^Turk  and  Williams  (qy.  of  Flint),  Families  of. 
—  Is  there  any  published  or  accessible  MS.  ge- 
nealogy of  these  families  ?  The  inquiry  has  mOre 
immediate  reference  to  a  lady  of  the  name  of 
M'^Turk,  living  circa  1730 — 1800,  it  is  supposed  at 
Chester  (Pepper  Street),  and  presumed  to  have 
been  connected  with  the  family  of  Ashtod  Wil- 
liams (qy.  of  Flint),  and  that  of  Walmsley  of 
Coldcoates  and  Eaves  within  Wiswall,  co.  Lan- 
cashire, and  of  Bashall,  co.  York  ;  as  also,  pro- 
bably, with  that  of  Smith  Kelsall,  Esq.,  Cheshire. 

Investigator. 

The  Fifth  Crusade.  • —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
inform  me  as  to  the  date  and  circumstances  of  the 
fifth  Crusade  ?  M.  E.  J. 

Climate  of  Hastings.  —  Can  any  of  your  f  eaders 
tell  me  wtere  I  can  find  any  printed  meteorolo- 
gical tables  or  observations  telating  to  Hastings  or 
the  immediate  neighbourhood,  besides  those  con- 
tained in  the  following  works  : 

1.  Harwood  on  The  Curative  Influence  of  the 
Southern  Coast  of  England,  1828. 

2.  Btittoh's  Descriptive  Sketches  of  Tunhridge 
Wells,  1832. 


150 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2iid  s.  No  34.,  Ara.  23.  '56. 


3.  Clark  on  The  Sanative  Influence  of  Climate, 
Srded.,  1841;  4th  ed.,  1846. 

4.  Cresy's  Report  to  the  General  Boai'd  of 
Health,  1850. 

5.  Mackness  on  Hastings  considered  as  a  Resort 
for  Invalids,  1st  ed.  1842,  2nd  ed.  1850. 

M.  D. 

Gillet,  alias  Candler  or  Chandler.  —  A  fa- 
mily of  these  names  is  described  in  Burke's  Ar- 
moury as  of  Ipswich,  co.  Suffolk.  I  believe  that 
one  of  them  was  head  master  of  Woodbridge 
Grammar  School  in  the  latter  part  of  the  seven- 
teenth century ;  and  another,  the  Rev.  Philip 
Candler,  according  to  Blomefield's  History  of 
Norfolk,  was  Rector  of  Blofield,  Norfolk,  in  1735. 
Any  information  respecting  them,  or  communica- 
tion from  their  descendants,  if  any,  would  oblige 

E.  G.  R. 

Dover  Castle.  —  I  have  lately  heard  a  story 
that  the  road  up  the  hill  to  Dover  Castle  was 
made  in  the  space  of  two  hours  by  four  thousand 
men.  Can  any  of  your  readers  confirm  or  refute 
this  statement  ?  M.  D. 

Pagan  Philosopher:  Author  of  Sir  Simon  League : 
Rabiger.  —  The  following  passages  are  from  An 
Enquiry  into  the  Influence  of  Art  upon  Religion, 
Brussels,  1834,  pp.  164. : 

"  A  more  elevated  tone  is  perceptible  in  the  last  of  the 
pagan  philosophers,  who  asks:  '  Why  should  man,  him- 
self the  maker  of  idols,  trust  to  them  who  are  lifeless,  and 
whose  harmony  is  external  only?  Perishable  things, 
too,  and  of  short  duration.  Is  truth  and  reality  in  them  ? 
Nothing  absolutely  pure  and  true  can  spring  from  human 
art."  — P.  29. 

"  I  went  over  the  cathedral  at  Upsale  with  my  gifted 
friend  the  author  of  Sir  Simon  League,  who  fully  shared 
my  opinion  that  though  here,  as  at  Utrecht,  much  had 
been  done  to  give  to  these  vast  edifices  the  air  of  Pro- 
testant churches,  the  spirit  of  Eome  pervaded  the  walls, 
influencing  the  worship,  and  even  the  music.  These  re- 
sults in  Protestant  Germany  are  fully  shown  by  Rabiger." 
—  P.  102. 

On  this  I  beg  to  ask,  who  is  the  pagan  philo- 
sopher, and  where  is  the  original  of  the  above 
passage  ?  Who  are  "  the  author  of  Sir  Simon 
League  "  and  Rabiger  ?  E.  J. 

Paris. 


'■^  Dyalogues  of  Creatures  Moralyzed." — I  shall 
be  much  obliged  if  any  one  will  tell  me  the  author 
in  Latin,  the  translator  into  English,  the  publisher, 
and  the  date,  of  the  following  work:  the  title- 
page  of  which  stands  thus  — 

"  The  Dialoges  of  Creatures  Moralysed.  Applyably 
and  edificatyfly  to  euery  mery  and  iocounde  mater,  of  late 
traslated  out  of  Latyn  into  our  Englj-sshe  tonge,  right 
profitable  to  the  gouernauuce  of  man.  ^And  they  be  to 
sell,  vp5  Powlys  churche  yarde," 


The  remainder  of  the  title-page  is  filled  up 
with  a  rude  woodcut  of  two  monsters  —  a  male 
and  a  female  —  half  man,  half  ox. 

The  volume  is  quite  perfect  and  whole,  but  it 
gives  none  of  the  usual  information  on  any  of  the 
points  I  have  specified  above.  It  is  in  very  clear 
type,  similar  to  that  used  by  Caxton  in  his  later 
works,  and  is  profusely  illustrated  with  a  great 
number  of  rude  woodcuts. 

I  shall  also  be  glad  to  be  informed  whether  or 
not  it  has  ever  been  reprinted,  wholly  or  in  part ; 
or  much  quoted  from  ? 

I  have  looked  through  Dibdin,  but  if  he  men- 
tions it,  I  have  missed  it.  In  the  printed  cata- 
logue of  the  Bodleian,  there  is  this  entry  — 

"  Creaturae — Dyalogus  creaturarum  optima  morali- 
zatus,  omni  materie  morali  jocondo  modo  applicabilis, 
fol.  Goudcb, per  Gerarduin  Leeu,  1482,  title  wanting" — 

and  "in  English,  4to."  In  Watt's  Bibliotheca, 
there  is  — 

"  Creature  — 1481,  Dialogus  Creaturarum  Moralizatus; 
cum  figuris,  Paris,  fol.  A  most  uncommonly  scarce 
work." 

The  copy  now  before  me  has  the  title-page. 
Gerard  Leeu  was  a  printer  at  Antwerp,  circa 
1490.  Any  information  about  this  volume  will 
much  oblige  Henry  Kensington. 

[  The  Dialogues  of  Creatures  has  been  frequently  pub- 
lished in  other  languages.  In  the  Latin  and  Dutch  alone 
there  were  not  less  than  fifteen  editions  before  1511.  It 
was  first  published  under  the  title  oi  Dyalogus  Creaturarum 
Moralizatus,  by  Gerard  Leeu,  Gouda,  fol.,  1480.  In  1511, 
under  the  title  of  Destructorium  Vitiorum  ex  similitudinum 
Creaturarum  exemplorum  appropriatione  per  modum  Dia- 
logi,  &c.,  by  Claude  Nourry,  at  Lyons,  small  fol.  The 
edition  printed  in  English,  without  date,  was  probably 
produced  at  a  foreign  press.  Herbert,  in  a  manuscript 
note,  says,  "  Although  mention  is  made  that  this  book  is 
to  be  sold  in  St.  Paul's  Church-yavd,  both  in  the  title  and 
colophon,  yet  I  am  inclined  to  think  it  was  printed  in 
France,  by  the  type  and  blooming  letters;  the  former 
being  much  like  Thelman  Kerver's,  and  of  the  latter 
some  are  very  uncommon."  In  1816,  a  beautiful  reprint, 
edited  by  Joseph  Haslewood,  was  published  by  Robert 
Triphook  in  4to.,  of  which  ninety-eight  copies  were 
printed,  all  of  which,  excepting  forty-two,  were  de- 
stroj'ed  by  fire.  This  edition  contains  a  valuable  biblio- 
graphical account  of  the  work.  Mr.  Haslewood  states, 
that  "  all  particulars  of  the  author  and  of  the  origin  of 
the  work  have  hitherto  escaped  research:  no  ancient 
manuscript  of  it  is  known,  and  it  is  doubtful  if  there  is  a 
quotation  from  it  in  any  old  authority."] 

Lord  Chancellor  Cowper  and  Mr.  Justice  Spencer 
Cowper.  —  Sir  Walter  Scott,  in  a  note  to  his  edi- 
tion of  the  Works  of  Swift,  says  : 

"  Lord  Chancellor  Cowper  was  branded  with  bigamy, 
because  he  had  written  a  work  on  the  plurality  of  wives, 
and  had,  adds  Voltaire,  actually  two  Ladies  Cowper  in  his 
domestic  regime.  His  brother  the  judge  had  previously 
been  tried  for  the  murder  of  a  young  woman,  one  Sarah 
Stout,  rvhom  he  had  deluded  by  a  feigned  marriage  while  he 
had  a  wife  alive,"  &c. 

Is  there  any  authority  for  thQ  assertion,  that 


2>"i  S.  No  34.,  Auo.  23.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


151 


the  Chancellor  had  two  Ladles  Cowpei*  on  his 
establishment ;  or  for  the  other  assertion,  that 
Spencer  Cowper  had  deluded  Sarah  Stout  by  a 
feigned  marriage  ?  I  find  no  mention  of  any  such 
charge  against  the  judge  in  the  accounts  of  his 
trial  which  I  have  read.  They  merely  state  that 
she  was  his  mistress.  S.  S. 

[This  Query  may,  perhaps,  receive  some  light  from  the 
following  passage  in  the  English  Traveller,  vol.  ii.  p.  315; 
"  Hertingfordbury,  by  some  esteemed  one  of  the  plea- 
santest  villages  in  England.  The  seat  of  the  Earl  Cow- 
per here,  called  Hertingfordbury  Park,  was  the  estate  of 
Mrs.  Elizabeth  Culling,  who  lies  buried  in  the  church- 
j'ard.  This  lady,  having  two  natural  children  by  that 
Lord,  a  son  and  a  daughter,  the  former  dj'ing  soon  after 
lie  came  of  age,  the  j-oung  lady,  his  sister,  sold  the  estate, 
in  the  year  1720,  to  her  father's  brother,  the  late  Judge 
[Spencer]  Cowper,  for  fifty  years'  purchase  at  least,  and 
he  again  disposed  of  it  to  his  brother,  the  late  great  Lord 
Cowper,  Lord  High  Chancellor  of  England."  It  has  been 
said,  that  in  the  early  part  of  his  life  a  pretended  mar- 
riage, without  the  forms  of  law,  took  place  between  Mr. 
Cowper,  afterwards  the  Chancellor,  and  the  lady  here 
mentioned,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Culling ;  and  hence  probably 
originated  the  story  of  the  Chancellor  having  two  wives, 
and  the  name  given  him  by  Swift  in  The  Examiner  of 
"  Will  Bigamy."  "  But,"  as  Lord  Campbell  remarks, 
"  there  is  no  foundation  whatever  for  the  assertion  that 
he  had  married  Miss  Elizabeth  Culling ;  and,  notwith- 
standing the  calumnies  of  Swift  and  Mrs.  Manley,  and 
the  statement  with  which  Voltaire  amused  Europe,  that 
the  Lord  Chancellor  of  England  practised  and  defended 
polygamy,  he  had  dropped  all  correspondence  with  this 
lady  before  he  was  introduced  to  either  of  the  two  wives 
whom  he  successively  led  to  the  altar."  —  Lives  of  the 
Lord  Chancellors,  vol.  iv.  p.  261. 

The  following  passage  from  No.  23.,  folio  edition,  of 
The  Examiner  thus  notices  the  work  on  Plurality  of 
Wives  attributed  to  the  Chancellor :  "  This  gentleman 
[Will  Bigamy]  knowing  that  marriage  fees  were  a  con- 
siderable perquisite  to  the  clergy,  found  out  a  way  of  im- 
proving them  cent,  by  cent,  for  the  good  of  the  Church. 
His  invention  was  to  marry  a  second  wife  while  the  first 
was  alive,  convincing  her  of  the  lawfulness  by  such  argu- 
ments as  he  did  not  doubt  would  make  others  follow  the 
same  example.  These  he  had  drawn  up  in  writing,  with 
intention  to  publish  for  the  general  good ;  and  it  is  hoped 
he  may  now  have  leisure  to  finish  them." — The  statement 
that  Spencer  Cowper  had  deluded  Sarah  Stout  by  a 
feigned  marriage  originated  most  probably  from  the 
malevolent  turn  given  to  the  affair  of  the  trial  by  Mrs. 
Manley  in  the  New  Atalantis,  in  her  story  of  "  Mosco  and 
Zara,"  in  which  she  made  very  free  with  the  characters 
of  many  high  and  distinguished  personages.] 

Simon  Senhouse.  —  When  did  Simon  Senhouse, 
prior  of  Carlisle,  die  ?  J.  P.  Senhouse. 

[In  Burn's  Cumberland  we  read  that  Simon  Senhouse, 
of  the  House  of  Seascales  in  Cumberland,  was  chosen 
prior  of  Carlisle  in  1507 ;  and  it  is  added,  in  the  last  edi- 
tion of  Dugdale's  Monasticon,  that  he  was  alive  in  1519.] 

Cornelius  Kilianus  Dufflceus.  —  Where  can  an 
account  of  this  lexicographer  be  found  ?  and  why 
is  he  always  quoted  as  "  Kilian  ?  "  though  my  copy 
of  his  work  is  lettered  on  the  back,  "  Dufflaei 
Diet.  Teut.-Latinum."  And  both  in  the  "  Epistle 
to  the  Reader,"  and  in  the  commendatory  verses 


by  him,  prefixed  to  Verstegan's  Restitution  of  De- 
cayed Intelligence,  S^c.,  he  uses  the  three  names  as 
above.  The  Penny  Cyclopcedia  says  that  he  cor- 
rected the  press  for  Christopher  Plantin.  I  sup- 
pose his  "  Teut."  is  the  dialect  of  Brabant. 

E.  G.  R. 

[Cornelius  Kilian  was  a  native  of  Duffel,  in  Brabant; 
hence  the  affix  to  his  name.  Besides  his  Etymologicon 
LingucB  Teutonicce,  he  published  some  Latin  Poems,  and 
An  Apology  for  Correctors  of  the  Press  against  Authors ; 
and  translated  into  Flemish  the  Memoirs  of  Philip  de  Co- 
mines.    He  died  in  1607.] 

Synodals.  — "  Verses,  vain  repetitions,  com- 
memorations, and  synodals."  (Preface  to  the 
Prayer-Book,  Concerning  the  Service  of  the 
Church.)     What  are  synodals  ?  A.  A.  D. 

[These  were  the  publication  or  recital  of  the  provincial 
constitutions  in  the  parish  churches.  For  after  the  con- 
clusion of  every  provincial  synod,  the  canons  thereof  were 
to  be  read  in  the  churches,  and  the  tenor  of  them  to  be 
declared  and  made  known  to  the  people;  and  some  of 
them  to  be  annually  repeated  on  certain  Sundays  in  the 
year.  —  Dr.  Nichols  on  Preface  concerning  the  Service  of  the 
Church.^ 

Horace  on  Architecture.  —  Where  is  it  that,  ac- 
cording to  Byron, 

"  Horace  has  expressed 
Shortly  and  sweetly  the  masonic  folly 
Of  those,  forgetting  the  great  place  of  rest. 
Who  give  themselves  to  architecture  wholly." 

L>on  Juan. 

Perhaps  some  classic  contributor  will  kindly 
point  me  the  Latin  poet's  line.  Palladio. 

[The  following  lines  of  the  Roman  Lyric  bard,  descrip- 
tive of  the  folly  of  those  who  build  mansions,  "  forgetting 
the  great  place  of  rest,"  are  unquestionably  the  passage  to 
which  Byron  alludes : 

.    "  Tu  secanda  marmora 
Locas,  sed  ipsum  funus,  et  sepulchri 
Immemor,  struis  domos." 

Hor.  Od.,  lib.  ii.  xviii.  v.  17-19. 

"You  are  buying  marble  for  building,  when  on  the 
verge  of  the  grave,  and,  unmindful  of  the  tomb,  you 
begin  to  build  houses."] 


PARISH   REGISTERS. 

(2"'i  S.  ii.  66.) 
Your  correspondent  W.,  of  Bombay,  has  done 
well  in  drawing  attention  to  the  subject  of  parish 
registers.  The  best  course  to  pursue  would  be, 
as  he  suggests,  to  have  them  all  printed ;  but  the 
expense  would  be  so  very  great,  that  I  despair  of 
ever  seeing  the  project  put  in  execution.  If 
manuscript  copies  were  taken,  and  deposited  in 
the  General  Register  Office,  a  great  point  would 
be  gained ;  but  really  some  immediate  provision 
should  be  made  for  the  safe  custody  of  the  origi- 
nals.    No  doubt  much  better  care  is  taken  to 


152 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nds.  N»34.,AvG,  23. '56. 


preserve  tbem  nov?^  than  fifty  years  ago ;  but  they 
are  yet  very  much  exposed  to  decay,  wanton 
nuitllation,  and  loss.  I  could  point  out  more  than 
one  parish  in  this  county  where  they  have,  of 
late  yenrsj  suffered  much  from  damp  ;  and  many 
where  the  clerk  has  the  key  of  the  box  in  which 
they  are  kept,  and  will  show  them  to  any  well- 
dressed  stranger  who  will  give  him  a  shilling.  A 
pamphlet  by  William  Downing  Bruce,  Esq.,  F.S.  A., 
on  the  condition  of  parish  registers  *,  contains  an 
accumulation  of  facts  bearing  on  this  point,  suffi- 
cient 1o  convince  any  one  that  they  are  now  fre- 
quently not  in  safe  custody.  For  instance,  the 
writer  states,  that  in  1845  he  made  copious  ex- 
tracts from  the  register  of  Andover,  in  Hampshire, 
"  but,  that  on  visiting  that  place  for  the  purpose 
of  a  supplementary  search,  I  found  that  these 
books  were  no  longer  in  existence;  and  those 
which  remained  Avere  kept  in  the  rectory-house, 
in  a  damp  place  under  the  staircase,  and  in  a 
shameful  state  of  dilapidation."  A  few  lines 
farther  on,  we  read  of  a  register  book  discovered 
"  in  a  tattered  state  behind  some  old  drawers  in 
the  curate's  back-kitchen."  Of  another  rescued 
by  an  antiquary  from  "  among  a  quantity  of  waste 
paper  in  a  cheesemonger's  shop."  And  of  a  parish 
clerk  who  used  all  the  registers  of  South  Otter- 
ington,  preceding  the  eighteenth  century,  con- 
taining entries  of  the  families^of  Talbot,  Herbert, 
and  Falconberg,  for  waste  paper :  a  considerable 
portion  going  "  to  singe  a  goose." 

If  some  means  were  taken  for  binding  and  re- 
storing those  that  are  torn  and  decayed,  many 
would  be  preserved.  1  have  more  than  once  sug- 
gested, when  examining  a  torn,  coverless  document 
of  this  kind,  that  it  should  be  well  bound,  and  other- 
wise cai'efully  mended ;  but  have  almost  always 
been  met  by  the  objection,  that  it  ought  not  to  go 
out  of  the  possession  of  the  minister  of  the  parish. 
In  one  case  where  that  difficulty  had  been  re- 
moved, the  churchwardens  refused  to  pay  the 
necessary  expense. 

It  is,  I  suppose,  generally  known  that  transcripts 
of  parish  registers  exist,  or  ought  to  exist,  in  the 
various  episcopal  registries.  I  have  never  had 
occasion  to  consult  any  excepting  such  as  relate 
to  this  county.  Those  preserved  at  Lincoln,  I 
found  very  badly  kept.  When  I  made  a  search 
there  in  1854,  some  of  the  early  ones  were  ar- 
ranged in  years :  the  later  ones,  written  on  the 
printed  forms,  were  thrown  about  in  bundles  on 
the  floor.  No  return  whatever  could  then  be 
fdund  for  the  parish  of  Kirton-in-Lindsey,  al- 
though I  have  certain  proofs  that  returns  had 
been  made.  I  asked  the  elerkj  who  was  assisting 
mej  what  Was  contained  in  a  large  deal  chest  or 

*  A  Litter  tt>  R.  Monckton  Milnes,  Esq.,  M.P.,  on  the 
Condition  and  Unsafe  State  of  Ancient  Parochial  Registers 
in  England  and  the  Coloniesi  1850.    London ;  liidgway. 


packing-box,  then  standing  in  the  room  we  were 
in.  He  did  not  know,  he  assured  me.  However, 
I  had  had  some  experience  of  the  place  before, 
and  thought  it  might  very  possibly  contain  the 
transcripts  I  wanted;  so  I  looked  within,  and 
found  it  nearly  full  of  copies  of  parish  registers 
(many  of  them  very  old)  in  such  a  state  of  dis- 
order, dirt,  and  decay,  as  I  am  loath  to  describe. 
On  my  remarking  to  the  clerk  that,  of  course,  now 
that  these  tilings  were  discovered,  the  registrar 
would  take  care  to  have  them  cleaned  and  ar- 
ranged, he  said :  "  No,  it  is  not  likely  he  will 
spend  any  money  on  them  now,  as  the  court  will 
soon  be  abolished.  1  am  sure  he  will  not  meddle 
with  them." 

These  copies  are,  I  believe,  legal  evidence,  and 
are  the  more  valuable,  as  they  will  almost  always 
supply  the  vacancies  caused  by  the  loss  or  injury 
of  the  originals  in  the  parish  churches.  It  is  to 
be  hoped  that  when  the  wills,  and  all  other  testa- 
mentary documents,  are  removed  to  the  proposed 
new  offices  (see  the  Solicitor  General's  Wills  and 
Administration  Bill),  these  records  will  not  be 
permitted  to  remain  in  their  present  custody,  but 
be  deposited  with  the  Registrar  Greneral ;  in  whose 
hands  they  will  be  well  cared  for,  and  easily 
accessible.  Edwaud  Peacock. 

Manor  I'arni,  Bottesford,  Brigg. 


GREAT   EVENTS   FROM   SMALL   CAUSES. 
(2"'J  S.  il.  43.) 

Your  correspondent  F.  S.  says  truly  that  co- 
pious instances  might  be  cited  in  illustration  of 
the  truth  that  "  great  events  from  little  causes 
spring."  One  pregnant  with  mightier  results 
could  not  perhaps  be  quoted  than  that  which  I  am 
about  to  mention,  and  which  is  doubtless  familiar 
to  most  of  your  readers. 

When  many  Puritans  emigrated  or  were  about 
to  emigrate  to  America  in  1637,  Cromwell,  either 
despairing  of  his  fortunes  at  home,  or  indignant  at 
the  rule  of  governmetit  which  prevailed,  resolved 
to  quit  his  native  country,  in  search  of  those  civil 
and  religious  privileges  of  which  he  could  freely 
partake  in  the  New  World. 

Eight  ships  were  lying  in  the  Thatiies,  ready  to 
sail ;  in  one  of  them,  says  Hume  (quoting  Mather 
and  other  authorities),  were  embarked  Hazelrig, 
Hampden,  Pym,  and  Cromwell.  A  proclamation 
was  issued,  and  the  vessels  were  detained  by  Order 
in  Council.  The  king  had  indeed  cause  to  rue 
this  exercise  of  his  authority.  In  the  same  year 
Hampden's  memorable  trial  —  the  great  case  of 
Sliip  Aloney  —  occurred.  What  events  rapidly 
followed ! 

In  the  last  Number  of  the  Quarterly  Review 
(1 97),  upon  Guizot's  works  on  the  civil  war,  the  con- 


2'xi  S.  No  34,  Aug.  23.  '66.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


153 


duct  of  the  king  and  the  government  is  adverted  to. 
The  harsh  proceedings  of  the  Court  were  defended 
on  the  ground  that  the  Puritans  "  took  liberty  to 
nourish  their  factious  and  schismatlcal  humours  in 
those  remote  wilds  :  "  but  oppressed  as  they  were 
at  home  by  the  civil  and  ecclesiastical  authorities, 
it  does  not  appear  that  they  profited  in  the  school 
of  adversity ;  as  the  reviewer  tells  us  that  they 
"  set  up  a  tyranny  of  their  own  in  America,  infi- 
nitely more  cruel  and  intrusive  than  the  system 
from  which  they  indignantly  fled,"     (P.  121.) 

J.  H.  M. 


THE    HOUSE    OF   BRUNSWICK  AND  THE    CASTING 

VOTE. 

(2"-^  S.  ii.  44.  97.) 

Since  I  replied  to  the  Query  of  F.  S.  on  this 
subject,  I  have  had  my  attention  called  to  De- 
brett's  Baronetage  for  1824;  in  which  a  some- 
what different  version  of  the  transaction  is  given. 
As  the  matter  is  curious,  and  will  be  widely  cir- 
culated if  admitted  into  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q.," 
perhaps  you  may  not  consider  it  too  lengthy  for 
insertion.     Debrett  says  : 

"  On  the  memorable  day  that  the  Hanoverian  succes- 
sion bill  passed  the  house  of  commons,  in  the  beginning 
of  Queen  Anne's  reign,  Sir  Arthur  Owen,  Bart.,  member 
for  Pembrokeshire,  and  Griffith  Rice,  Esq.,  member  for 
Carmarthenshire,  prevented  the  friends  of  the  present 
royal  family  from  being  left  in  a  minority.  If  it  had  not 
been  for  these  two  gentlemen,  there  is  little  doubt  but 
the  Tory  partj"-  in  parliament,  by  the  influence  of  the  then 
Tory  ministry,  would  have  soon  carried  it  for  the  Pre- 
tender to  succeed  his  sister  Queen  Anne ! 

"  The  particulars,  known  now  but  to  few,  as  related  by 
the  posterity  of  these  families,  are : 

"  Sir  Arthur  Owen  and  Mr.  Rice  on  that  day  met  ac- 
cidentally in  the  lobby,  when  the  Tory  administration 
were  stealing  the  question  through  the  house  at  an  early 
hour;  when  a  majority  of  their  friends  attended  by  de- 
sign, and  when  many  of  the  Whigs  were  absent,  not  think- 
ing it  would  come  on  until  the  usual  hour. 

"  When  the  house  was  about  to  divide,  one  of  the  Whig 
members,  seeing  a  seeming  majority  in  favour  of  the 
house  of  Stuart,  exclaimed  that  the  whole  was  an  infa- 
mous proceeding.  He  immediately  ran  out  of  the  house, 
almost  frantic,  in  search  of  some  of  his  partizans,  to  give 
a  turn  to  the  question  in  favour  of  the  Elector  of  Hanover. 

"  Perceiving  Sir  Arthur  and  Mr.  Rice,  as  he  came  out, 
walking  earnestlj'-  about  the  lobb)%  he  addressed  them 
thus  with  much  vehemence,  — '  What  do  you  mean,  gen- 
tlemen! sta3'ing  here  when  the  Hanoverian  succession 
bill  is  going  to  be  thrown  out  of  the  house?  '  'When  I 
heard  that,'  Sir  Arthur  used  often  to  relate,  '  I  made  but 
one  step  into  the  house,  and  my  voice  made  the  number 
equal  for  the  bill,  117,  and  theTories  had  nO  more.  Mr. 
Rice,  with  great  gravity,  coming  after  me,  had  the  honour 
of  giving  the  casting  vote  in  favour  of  the  Hanoverian 
succession !  Had  it  not  (added  Sir  Arthur)  been  for  the 
Warmth  of  my  zeal,  being  then  a  young  man,  this  honour 
would  have  been  mine ;  for  as  Mr.  Rice  was  my  senior,  I 
might  have  followed  him  into  the  house.'  " 

This  account,  which  is  most  probably  the  cor- 
rect   version,   takes  the  casting  vote  from   Sir 


Arthur  Owen,  and  gives  it  to  Mr.  Rice ;  but  is  in 
no  way  inconsistent  with  the  tradition  of  my  lady 
informant  respecting  Sir  Arthur's  rapid  journey 
to  London,  which  may  have  been  taken  with  the 
intention  of  being  present  at  the  important  debate. 
Thus  he  actually  made  the  balance  even,  and  his 
friend  turned  the  scale.  John  Pavin  Phillips. 
Haverfordwest. 


WHITSUNDAT. 

(2"'»  S.  ii.  77.) 

Your  valuable  correspondent  F.  C.  H.,  after 
clearly  showing  that  our  English  word  for  Pente- 
cost cannot  be  derived  from  the  German  P/ingsfen, 

says ; 

"  The  received  origin  of  the  name  Whitsunday  is  from 
the  appearance  of  the  neophytes  on  that  Sunday  and 
during  the  octave,  in  the  church,  in  the  white  garments 
which  they  had  received  at  their  solemn  baptism  on  the 
preceding  Saturday,  called  Whitsun  Eve." 

Unless  I  be  much  mistaken  F.  C.  H.  is  far  astray 
from  the  mark.  1.  To  my  thinking,  we  ought 
not  to  write  "Whitsunday"  but  Witsonday.  That 
this  was  the  old  spelling  is  certain  ;  Wycliffe  so 
wrote  the  word  in  his  translation  of  the  New  Tes- 
tament, 1  Cor.  xvi.,  and  such  is  the  spelling  of  it 
in  the  Paston  Letters,  let.  xv.  2.  The  English 
word  Witsonday,  miscalled  Whitsunday,  drew  its 
origin  from  nothing  whatever  connected  with  the 
term  white,  but  from  ivit  —  mind,  understanding. 
That  in  the  early  ages  of  the  Church  all  neo- 
phytes, who  were  then  as  often  grown-up  people 
as  children,  used  to  wear,  for  the  whole  week  fol- 
lowing, the  white  garment  in  which  they  were 
robed  as  emblematic  of  spotless  regeneration,  im- 
mediately they  had  been  baptized,  is  undeniable  ; 
and  as  public  baptism  was  always  given  with  much 
solemnity  in  those  ages,  on  the  eve  of  Easter 
and  Pentecost  Sundays,  this  white  garment  was 
thrown  off  on  the  Saturday  following.  Easter 
eve,  however,  was  the  time  more  especially  chosen 
for  the  public  administration  of  this  sacrament ; 
and  hence  it  is  that  even  now,  though  the  usage 
of  wearing  the  white  baptismal  garment  for  the 
week  has  not  been  followed  for  many  ages,  the 
Sunday  next  after  Easter  is  yet  called  Dominica 
in  Albis,  the  word  "  depositis  "  being  understood  : 
in  the  Ambrosial  Missal  it  is  named  "  Donilnica 
in  albis  depositis."  In  some  churches,  the  whole 
of  Easter  week  was  called  "  in  albis,"  because  the 
newly-baptized  went,  wearing  their  white  gar- 
ment, to  church,  and  partook  of  the  holy  commu- 
nion ;  and  Low  Sunday  is  termed  "  Dominica 
post  albas,"  because  the  white  garment  had  been 
laid  aside  the  eve  before  (Ordo  Officiorum  Ecc. 
Senensis,  p.  191  ;  and  Lib.  Sacramentorum^  S. 
Gregorii,  ed.  Menardo,  p.  149.).  Though  this 
ceremony  of  the  white  garment  at  the  Easter  bap- 


154 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  84.,  Aug.  23.  '56. 


tism  is  so  well  marked  in  all  the  oldest  rituals,  and 
even  yet  is  remembered  in  the  rubrics  of  the 
Roman  Missal,  no  such  particular  mention  is  made 
of  it  for  the  baptism  at  Pentecost,  nor  do  the 
rubrics  for  that  season  preserve  a  record  of  it. 

3.  Our  Anglo-Saxon  forefathers  had  no  word 
like  Witsonday  or  Witsontide ;  but  called  the 
Sunday  and  its  octave  by  the  term  Pentecostes ; 
and  it  is  likely  that  among  them,  as  among  the 
other  nations  of  the  Church,  the  ceremony  of 
wearing  a  white  robe  for  a  week  after  baptism  had 
grown  obsolete  many  years  before  the  coming  of 
the  Normans.  Witsontide  is  an  English  word,  and 
(lid  not,  as  it  seems,  get  into  use  earlier  than  the 
twelfth  or  thirteenth  century.  This,  however,  is 
certain,  that  its  introduction  was  long  after  the 
custom  had  ceased  of  neophytes  wearing  a  white 
robe  for  eight  days  after  their  baptism.  The 
meaning  of  the  term  among  our  forefathers  who 
originated  it,  we  learn  from  the  Liher  Festivalis, 
where  John  Mirk,  canon  regular  of  Lilleshull,  its 
writer,  says : 

"  Good  men  and  wimmen  this  day  (Dies  Penthecostes) 
is  called  Wytsonday  by  cause  the  holy  ghoost  brought 
wytte  and  wysdoin  in  to  Crestis  dyscyples  and  so  by  her 
prechyng  after  in  to  all  cristendom — (Et  repleti  sunt 
omnes  spiritu  sancto)  and  fj'lled  hem  full  of  ghostly 
wytte."  —  Fol.  xlvi.  b. 

Thus  we  find  that  the  root  of  the  word  is  not 
"  white,"  nor  had  anything  to  do  with  white  gar- 
ments, but  "wit"  —  mind,  understanding,  and 
Pentecost  was  so  called  to  signify  the  enlighten- 
ment by  the  Holy  Ghost  of  the  soul  —  the  under- 
standing —  the  "  wit "  of  man.  D.  Rock. 


Mr.  Denton's  suggestion  that  the  corresponding 
names  of  Whitsunday  in  foreign  languages  should 
be  given  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  I  gladly  comply  with,  as 
I  think  the  comparison  will  tend  to  show  that  the 
origin,  to  which  I  alluded,  is  correct. 

French,  —  Le  jour  de  la  Pentecote. 

Italian,  —  II  giorno  della  Pentecoste. 

Saxon.  —  Pentecostenes  msessedseg. 
German,  —  Pfingstonn  tag. 

Dutch.  —  Der  Pingster  dag. 
Spanish.  —  Dia  de  Pentecostes. 

In  each  of  these  cases  the  compound  is  of  Pente- 
cost and  day.  The  English  adjective  is  Whitson, 
as  in  the  terms  — 

"  morrice-dance. 
farthings, 
tide, 
lord, 
week, 
ale,  &c. 

The  feast,  certainly,  is  not  White-Sunday,  what- 
ever meaning  White  might  be  supposed  to  bear ; 
but  specially   the  Whitson-day,   as   Easter-day, 


Whitson-  - 


Christmas-day,  or  Ascension-day.  The  White- 
Sunday  would  be  the  Dominica  in  Albis,  not 
Pentecost,  which  is  the  word  used  in  the  list  of 
holy  days  more  than  once  in  the  Book  of  Common 
Prayer,  for  this  feast,  as  it  was  till  about  the 
twelfth  century.         Mackenzie  Walcott,  M.A. 


Whitsunday :  Pilate. — In  a  Note  on  the  deriva- 
tion of  "Whitsunday"  (2°"^  S.  ii.  99.),  Mr.  Denton 
gives  a  quotation  by  Hearne  from  a  "  very  rare 
book  printed  by  Wynkyn  de  Worde."  Now  this 
"  very  rare  book  "  is  none  other  than  the  Liber 
Festivalis,  which  was  printed  by  Wynkyn  de 
AVorde,  and  also  two  editions  by  Caxton.  Hav- 
ing access  to  a  copy  of  it,  I  turned  to  it  to  collate 
Hearne's  quotation,  which  is  quite  correct,  and  in 
so  doing,  I  stumbled  on  the  following  derivation 
of  another  word,  which  I  row  forward  to  you,  as 
I  think  it  will  tend  to  show  Mr.  Denton  that  the 
derivations  in  this  work  are  not  worth  much,  as 
they  are  evidently  founded  on  a  mere  similarity  of 
sound.  One  of  Caxton's  editions  was  in  1483 ; 
that  by  Wynkyn  de  Worde  in  1493  : 

"This  Pylate  was  a  knyghtes  sone  that  was  called 
Tyrus,  that  he  gate  hym  on  a  woma  that  hj'ght  Pyle, 
and  this  womans  fader  hyght  Ate.  So  whan  this  chylde 
was  borne  they  sette  his  moders  name  and  the  grande 
fader  after,  and  so  by  bothe  names  called  hym  Pylate." 
Henry  Kensington. 


QUEEN   ANNE's   POSTER   FATHER,    WAS   HE    IRISH? 

(2"'i  S.  ii.  86.) 

In  reference  to  the  Query  in  your  last,  signed 
C.  M.  B.,  I  had  my  attention  directed  to  this  sub- 
ject by  a  letter,  probably  from  the  Querist,  to  a 
friend,  some  time  since,  but  could  find  nothing 
particularly  satisfactory.  The  individual  inci- 
dentally mentioned  in  the  Blennerhassett  pedigree 
is  set  down  as  son  of  "  David  Barry  of  Raharaska, 
and  Elinor,  4th  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Hurly  of 
Knocklong."  A  brief  note  mentions  him  as  "  the 
late  Queen  Anne's  foster  father,"  and  that  is  all. 

Looking  over  Miss  Strickland's  gossiping  Me- 
nioii-s  of  the  Queens  of  England  lately,  I  find 
some  particulars  which  may  serve  as  a  clue  to 
further  inquiries  on  this  subject.  That  lady,  in 
her  life  of  Queen  Mary  II.,  uses  largely,  and  gives 
frequent  references  to,  the  Diary  of  Dr.  Lake, 
the  tutor  to  the  Duke  of  York's  daughters.  And 
under  the  date  of  November  1677,  at  the  mar- 
riage of  William  of  Orange  and  the  Princess 
Mary,  we  find  the  diarist  noting  that  her  sister 
Anne  was  ill  of  the  small-pox,  and  his  own  trouble 
at  not  being  allowed  to  go  to  her  chamber  to 
read  prayers  to  her  : 

"  This  troubled  me,"  he  says,  "the  more,  because  the 
nurse  of  the  Lady  Anne  was  a  very  busy  zealous  Roman 


2°d  S.  No  34.,  Aug,  23.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


155 


Catholic,  and  would  probably  discompose  Her  Highness 
if  she  had  an  opportunity." 

So  far  the  probability  of  her  foster  parents  being 
Irish  is  confirmed.  Further  on  in  the  Diary,  we 
find  the  following,  under  date  of  Nov.  1 1  : 

«  I  read  prayers  to  Her  Highness  Lady  Anne;  she, was 
somewhat  giddy,  and  ver^'  much  disordered.  She  re- 
quested me  not  to  leave  her,  and  recommended  to  me  the 
care  of  her  foster-sister's  instruction  in  the  Protestant  re- 
ligion.   At  iiight  I  christened  her  nurse's  child  Mary." 

"  This,"  as  Miss  Strickland  observes,  "  was  the 
daughter  of  the  Roman  Catholic  nurse.  How  she 
came  to  permit  the  Church  of  England  chaplain 
to  christen  her  baby  is  not  explained." 

So  far  for  Lake's  Diary,  which  must  be  yet  in 
existence,  if  not  in  print.*  Miss  Strickland  ac- 
knowledges her  obligations  to  Messrs.  Elliot  and 
Merrivale  for  facilitating  her  access  to  Its  con- 
tents. Probably  farther  examination  might  give 
the  name  of  the  nurse  in  question. 

But  there  is  a  farther  notice  In  the  same  life, 
which  rather  perplexes  the  question.  At  the 
Revolution,  when,  on  Nov.  26,  1688,  the  Princess 
Anne  fled  from  Whitehall  at  night,  to  join  the 
Prince  of  Orange,  among  the  proofs  of  the  real  or 
pretended  consternation  of  her  household  when 
she  was  missed  next  morning.  It  is  mentioned 
that  "  old  Mrs.  Buss,  the  nurse  of  the  princess, 
immediately  cried  out  that  the  princess  had  been 
murdered  by  the  queen's  priests,"  and  rushed  into 
the  queen's  presence,  rudely  demanding  her  of 
her  majesty.  Miss  Strickland,  recollecting  Dr. 
Lake's  notes  about  her  nurse's  zealous  papistry, 
seems  sensible  how  oddly  this  would  sound  in  her 
mouth,  and  suggests  that  she  had  "  perhaps  been 
converted."  The  name  Buss,  too,  suggests  a  diffi- 
culty ;  but  it  is  so  written  in  King  James's 
Memoirs,  although  another  MS.  has  it  written 
Butt.  Either  is  far  enough  In  spelling  or  sound 
from  "  Barry  ;"  and  yet  In  the  l9ose  and  inaccu- 
rate spelling  of  the  time,  or  In  the  giving  familiar 
or  pet  names,  which  Queen  Anne  was  we  know 
in  the  habit  of  using  for  favourites  (vid.  Mrs. 
Morley  and  Freeman),  there  is  no  Impossibility  in 
Mrs.  Buss  having  been  Mrs.  Barry.  And  know- 
ing as  I  do  thoroughly  the  genealogical  record  to 
which  C.  M.  B.  refers,  I  can  vouch  for  its  general 
accuracy  In  anything  it  asserts.  A.  B.  R. 

Belmont. 


'■^Nolo  episcopari"  (V^  S.  iv.  346.) — A  corre- 
spondent inquires  why  this  phrase  Is  applied  to  a 
feigned  reluctance  In  accepting  an  offer  ;  and  you, 
in  an  editorial  answer,  quote  Christian's  note  on 
Blackstone's   Commentaries,   stating  that   It  is    a 

[*  The  Diary  of  Dr.  Edward  Lake,  edited  by  George 
Percy  Elliott,  Esq.,  is  published  in  the  Camden  Miscellany, 
vol.  i.  1847.1 


vulgar  error  that  every  bishop,  before  he  accepts 
his  bishoprick,  uses  the  expression ;  that  the 
writer  has  not  been  able  to  discover  its  origin ; 
and  that  certainly  bishops  give  no  such  refusal  at 
present,  nor,  he  thinks,  ever  did  in  this  country. 
In  the  trial  of  Colonel  Flennes  for  surrender- 
ing the  city  of  Bristol,  Prynne,  the  prosecutor, 
speaking  of  a  man's  modest  excuse  of  his  own  in- 
sufficiency for  a  place  which  he  perchance  desires, 
assimilates  it  to  — 

"  our  bishops'  usual  answer,  nolo,  nolo,  to  vis  episcopari  ? 
NOW  used  as  a  formality,  for  fashion  sake  only,  even 
when  they  come  to  be  consecrated ;  when  in  truth  they 
make  all  the  friends  and  means  they  can  to  compass  that 
bishoprick,  which  (for  fashion  sake,  out  of  a  dissembling 
modesty),  they  pretend,  and  twice  together  answer 
solemnly  (when  demanded  openly  before  the  congregation') 
that  they  desire  by  no  means  to  accept  of." — State  Trials, 
iv.  212. 

Surely  Prynne,  who  is  an  earlier,  perhaps  a 
better,  authority  than  Professor  Christian,  would 
not  have  made  this  allusion  unless  it  were  founded 
in  fact.  The  question  therefore  is,  whether  this 
form  of  denial.  If  not  adopted  now,  was  or  was 
not  In  use  In  the  Reformed  Church  before  the 
Great  Rebellion,  in  the  consecration  of  bishops  ? 

The  reply  In  your  same  volume,  p.  456.,  does 
not  touch  this  question.  Edward  Foss. 

The  Irish  Round  Towers  (2°"  S.  11.  79.)  —  Al- 
though your  correspondent  C.  states  he  has  not 
the  slightest  doubt  that  the  round  towers  of  Ire- 
land were  belfries,  (an  opinion  In  which  he  could 
not  know  that  I  might  not  coincide,)  I  should  not 
have  noticed  his  remarks  had  they  been  accom- 
panied with  the  usual  courtesy  which  generally 
pervades  the  language  of  your  correspondents,  in- 
stead of  the  following  curt  rebuke,  "  that  it  would 
be  a  sad  waste  of  your  space  to  reproduce  the 
absurd  theories  with  which  this  question  has  been 
perplexed."  When  the  origin  and  use  of  these 
very  ancient  structures  have  engaged  the  attention 
of  such  eminent  antiquaries  as  Tanner,  Vallancey, 
Petrie,  and  others,  this  ipse  dixit  of  an  anonymous 
writer  partakes  rather  too  strongly  of  the  authori- 
tative dictum  of  an  imperial  dictator.  It  was  not 
the  office  of  your  correspondent  to  decide  whether 
the  opinions  of  the  above  writers  might  or  might 
not  be  acceptable  to  your  readers.  You  were  the 
proper  judge.  J.-M.  G. 

Worcester. 

Varnishing  Old  Books  (2°'^  S.  ii.  69.)  —  Re- 
garding the  varnishing  of  old  volumes,  I  think 
that  little  can  be  eifected  by  such  compositions  to 
preserve  leathers :  in  some  cases  varnish  applied 
to  new  bindings  may  tend  somewhat  to  repel  the 
action  of  the  atmosphere  and  deleterious  gases, 
but  Is  also  likely  to  harden  the  leather  at  the 
joints,  the  parts  where  the  greatest  actioa  takes 
place  in  opening  a  book. 


156 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  34.,  Aug.  23.  '56. 


There  is  no  doubt  that  old  bindings,  if  in  sound 
condition,  may  be  furbished  up  (as  bookbinders 
say)  by  the  npplication  of  shell  varnish  ;  though 
the  thing  most  wanting  to  render  the  leather 
supple  is  an  oil  or  fatty  matter  to  replace  the 
unction  dried  out  of  the  skin  by  the  action  of 
time.  A  composition  to  render  old  hides  soft  and 
pliable,  without  staining  or  injuring,  would  be  a 
desideratum. 

Much  harm  is  done  to  leather  from  the  want  of 
ventilation  ;  books  require  use  and  air,  as  may  be 
seen  by  the  condition  of  the  bindings  in  many 
large  libraries  where  there  are  no  readers,  or 
where  there  are  readers  and  but  little  air.  The 
library  of  the  Athenasum  was  affected  so  seriously 
some  years  since  from  this  latter  cause  (gas  and 
heat),  that  the  backs  of  calf  bindings  fell  away, 
and  the  leather  crumbled  upon  touching. 

The  library  ought  to  have  the  same  attention  as 
the  green-house ;  light,  air,  and  equal  moisture, 
ought  to  be  imparted  to  the  leaves  in  either  case. 
Light  without  injury  to  colour,  moisture  without 
mildew,  and  air  without  soot,  are  as  necessary  to 
the  librarian's  as  to  the  gardener's  charge. 

Luke  Limneb,  F.S.A. 

Regent's  Park. 

Francis's  Horace  (P'  S.  xii.218.  SIL)  — Allow 
me  to  add  to  my  reply  on  this  subject  in  your 
Number  for  Oct.  20,  1855.  I  then  stated  my 
belief  that  the  edition  of  Francis's  Horace  printed 
by  Woodfall  in  1746,  was  the  first  edition;  and 
I  still  think  it  may  have  been  the  first  edition  of 
the  entire  Translation.  But  a  portion  had  been 
published  in  Dublin  as  early  as  1742,  for  I  have 
now  before  me  two  handsome  Svo.  volumes  thus 
entitled  : 

"  The  Odes,  Epodes  and  Carmen  Seculars  of  Horace,  in 
Latin  and  English,  with  Critical  Notes  collected  from  the 
best  Latin  and  French  Commentators. 

Musa  deditfidibus  divos,  puerosque  Deorum, 
Et  pugilem  victorem,  et  equum  certamine  primum, 
Et  juvenum  auras,  et  libera  vina  referre. 

Arte  Foetica. 

By  the  Rev.  Mr.  Philip  Francis.  Dublin :  Printed  by 
S.  Powell,  and  Sold  by  T.  Moore,  at  Erasmus'  Head,  in 
Dame  Street,    m.dccxlii." 

After  the  title-page  of  the  first  volume  follows 
"  The  Names  of  the  Subscribers."  A  goodly  list, 
occupying  six  pages  in  double  columns,  including 
the  names  of  many  most  eminent  persons,  and 
headed  by  those  of — 

.  "  His  Excellency  Robert  Jocelyn,  Esq.,  Lord  High 
Chancellor  of  Ireland." 

"  His  Excellency  Henry  Boyle,  Esq.,  Speaker  of  the 
Honourable  House  of  Commons." 

Both  of  whom  subscribed  for  copies  on  "  Royal 
Paper." 

I  hope  this  information  will  be  useful  to  your 
Querist.  M.  N.  S. 


Hospital  Out-Patients  (2"*  S.  ii.  69.)  —  The 
days  of  attendance  for  out-patients  at  the  Bolton 
Dispensary  are  Tuesday,  Thursday,  and  Saturday. 
The  greater  the  number  of  days  the  more  con- 
venient it  must  be  for  the  poor,  whose  time  is  not 
always  their  own.  It  is  not  expected  that  the 
patient  shall  attend  except  when  ordered  to  do  so 
by  the  surgeon.  The  population  of  Bolton  at  the 
last  census  was  upwards  of  sixty  thousand. 

G.  (1.) 

John  Ker  Strother  (2"''  S.  i.  211.)  —  That 
there  was  such  a  person  as  John  Strother  Ker, 
Esq.,  is  most  cert9,in,  and  here  are  a  few  notes  of 
his  descent,  copied  fpr  the  information  of  HebA-L- 
Dicus  from  my  History  of  North  Dwham.,  p.  318.: 

"  William  Strother  of  Kirknewton,  in  Northumberland, 
was  father  of  Lancelot,  father  of  John,  father  of  William, 
of  Grindon  Ridge,  in  the  parish  of  Norham  in  North 
Durham,  father  of  another  William  who  left  an  only 
daughter  married  to  Walter  Ker,  Esq.  John  Strother 
Ker,  Esq.,  their  son,  baptized  at  Norham,  28th  Sep.,  1704, 
married  the  Hon.  Jean  Lady  Ramsey.  —  {From  Law 
Papers.)  The  Register  of  Norham  contains  the  following 
entries:  Baptized  25  May,  1679,  William,  son  of  Mr. 
William  Strother  (then  a  captain  in  the  army),  of  Grin- 
don Ridge.  Jan.  IG,  1681-2,  Margaret,  his  dau.,  bap. 
June  25,  1690,  Jane,  a  dau.,  bap.  Aug.  20,  1770,  buried, 
George  Strother  of  Wheeler  Street,  London." 

James  Raine. 

Lord  George  Gordons  Riots  (2"''  S.  i.  287.  518.) 
—  In  reference  to  the  subject  of  Lord  George 
Gordon's  riots,  W.  W.  states  that  "  he  can  find  no 
mention  made  of  any  females  being  left  for  exe- 
cution;" but  upon  referring  to  the  Westminster 
Magazine  for  July,  1780,  I  find  a  list  of  the 
rioters,  among  whom  are  several  females :  two, 
Mary  Roberts  and  Charlotte  Gardner,  were  ac- 
tually executed  on  Tower  Hill,  July  11,  1780. 

Fredebick  Danby  Palmbe. 

Great  Yarmouth* 

George  Manners  (2"^  S.  i.  314.)— In  answer 
to  your  correspondent  X.  (1.)  I  will  state  that 
George  Manners  died  in  Coburg,  Canada  West, 
February  18,  1853,  aged  seventy-five  years.  He 
was  British  Consul  in  Massachusetts,  resident  in 
Boston,  from  1819  to  1839.  He  was  the  author 
of  several  dramas  of  nierit,  and  other  poetical 
works.  J-  P* 

Boston,  U.  S.  A. 

"Ha?/He,"  or  "  Haining"  (2"-*  S.  ii.  49.  78.),  a 
place  reserved;  not  cultivated  or  pastured,  A 
word  in  common  use  in  the  North  of  England  and 
South  of  Scotland.  In  sheep-farms,  hained  ground 
means,  that  which  is  reserved  for  a  particular 
purpose, — such  as  to  pasture  the  lambs  upon 
after  they  are  weaned,  or  for  the  purpose  of 
making  hay  from.  It  also,  in  some  of  the  old 
Scotch  acts  of  parliament,  is  used  for  land  en- 
closed by  a  hedge  or  other  fence.    Its  derivation 


2»^  S.  No  84.,  AtJG.  23.  '58.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


157 


is  probably  from  the  Saxon  heg-en,  to  keep ; 
German,  hain,  septum.  The  French  word  haie,  a 
hedge,  seems  pi-obably  to  have  the  same  origin  : 
as  also  the  English  word  hay,  fodder,  being  the 
produce  of  hained  pasture.  See  Jamieson's  Dic- 
tionary and  Supplement. 

Near  the  town  of  Selkirk  is  a  considerable 
estate  with  a  large  and  ancient  mansion,  which 
has,  time  out  of  mind,  been  called  "  The  Haining." 

J.  Ss. 

In  Gloucestershire  and  Somersetshire  the  pas- 
ture fields  when  kept  unstocked  with  cattle  for 
mowing,  or  for  future  feed,  are  said  to  be 
"  hayned."  Geo.  E.  Fbekb. 

Eoydea  Hall,  Diss. 

Halliwell  (Prov.  Diet.)  explains  this  as  "  an  in- 
closure,  a  park,"  probably  one  enclosed  by  hays 
or  hedges.  The  word  hay  in  this  sense  is  still  in 
use  in  Norfolk,  though  growing  obsolete. 

E.  G.  R. 

Human  Leather  (2"''  S.  ii.  68.)  — A  portion  of 
the  skin  of  a  murderer  named  Charles  Smith,  who 
was  executed  at  Newcastle-on-Tyne,  Dec.  3,  1817, 
underwent  the  process  of  tanning,  and  a  piece  of 
it  was  sold  so  recently  as  May,  1855.  This  oc- 
curred at  the  sale  of  a  part  of  the  library  of  a  well- 
known  local  collector.  The  catalogue  of  the  sale 
is  before  me,  and  the  lot  is  thus  described : 

"  Lot  10.  A  most  curious  and  unique  Book,  being  the 
particulars  of  the  Trial  and  Execution  of  Charles  Smith, 
who  was  hanged  at  Newcastle  for  Murder,  containing  a 
piece  of  h's  skin  tanned  into  leather  for  the  purpose." 

BOBEBT  S.  SalWON. 

Newcastle-on-Tyne. 

The  tanned  skin  of  a  man's  arm  was  exhibited 
in  Preston  by  a  gentleman  named  Howift,  in  a 
temporary  museum  got  up  for  q,  charitable  pur- 
pose in  the  year  1840.  It  was  the  colour  of  a 
new  saddle,  and  much  resembled  the  "  basil "  so 
much  used  in  leather  work.  P.  P. 

Mr.  Hackwood  may  find  much,  if  not  all,  that 
he  wants  on  this  subject,  in  an  interesting  paper 
by  Mr.  Way,  in  the  Archceological  Journal,  tom.  v. 
p.  185.  D.  Rock. 

At  the  public  library  at  Bury  St.  Edmunds  is 
exhibited  a  book  bound  in  a  tanned  piece  of  the 
skin  of  Corder  the  murderer.  E.  G.  R. 

«  The  Tune  the  old  Cow  died  of"  (2°^  S.  i.  375. 
500.;  ii.  39.)  —  Your  correspondents  are  quite  on 
a  wrong  scent  on  this  head.  One  quotes  the  old 
nursery  rhyme,  *'  Willie  Wily  had  a  Cow,"  which 
is  sung  to  any  tune  a  nurse  pleases  ;  and  another 
brings  forward  the  Scotch  words,  "  There  was  a 
Piper  had  a  Cow,"  &g.,  which  go  to  the  popidar  air 
known  as  "  The  Corn  Rigs  are  bonny."  The  cow 
died  of  no  air  in  particular,  —  still  less  a  popular 


one :  "  the  tune  the  old  cow  died  of"  being  merely 
a  proverbial  or  slang  way  of  expressing  "the  music 
is  insufferably  bad."  P.  P. 

Guano  (2"^  S.  i.  374.)  —  The  late  Col.  Thomas 
Sutcliffe  of  Burnley,  author  of  Sixteen  Years  in 
Chili  and  Peru  (published  by  Fisher,  1841),  be- 
lieved himself  to  have  introduced  guano  into 
modern  English  husbandry.  He  had  spoken  or 
written  its  praises  in  terms  which  appeared  so 
exaggerated,  that  the  Earl  of  Derby  (then  Lord 
Stanley)  had  held  up  him  and  his  fertiliser  tp 
ridicule  at  a  (I  believe)  Liverpool  Agricultural 
Meeting.  Sutcliffe  writhed  under  the  satire,  and, 
about  the  year  1839  or  1840,  when  agriculturists 
were  raving  about  the  new  manure,  and  Lord  S. 
himself  recommending  it,  he  attended  several  of 
the  Lancashire  meetings  with  the  intention  of 
letting  off  a  speech  at  bis  lordship,  and  inquiring 
who  was  the  fool  now  ?  Whether  his  friends 
thought  It  wiser  for  him  to  keep  quiet,  or  whether 
the  leading  men  would  not  tolerate  an  angry  dis- 
cussion, I  cannot  say  ;  but  somehow  he  was  always 
deprived  of  his  opportunity,  and  consequently 
thought  himself  an  ill-used  man,  who  had  intro- 
duced an  improvement,  borne  the  ridicule,  and 
was  not  allowed  to  reap  the  praise.  P.  P. 

Siege  of  Lille  (2°'>  S.  ii.  89.)— The  names  of  the 
officers  killed  and  wounded  at  this  siege  are  not 
given  in  Cannon's  Historical  Records  of  the  British 
Army,  and  your  correspondent  had  better  consult 
the  London  Gazettes  of  1708.  Lisle  was  invested 
August  13  of  that  year,  and  Marshal  Boufflers  capi- 
tulated October  25.  Beatson's  Militai^y  Memoirs 
only  commence  with  the  year  1727.  John  Dun- 
combe  served  as  ensign  in  the  Coldstream  Guards 
from  April  14,  1702,  until  his  promotion  to  lieu- 
tenant in  the  1st  Foot  Guards  In  1703.  Richard 
Spencer  served  in  the  Coldstream  Gtfards  from 
May  11,  1704,  as  captain,  to  July  17^2,  when  he 
died.  These  officers  are  not  designated  in  Mac- 
kinnon's  History  of  the  Coldstream  Guards  as  the 
sons  of  Peers.  Juverna. 

Count  Boruwlaski  (2"'^  S.  i.  358.)  — The  monu- 
ment in  memory  of  Count  Boruwlaski,  of  which 
the  inscription  is  correctly  printed  in  the  page  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  above  referred  to.  Is  placed,  not  in 
Durham  Cathedral,  but  in  the  church  of  St.  Mary 
in  the  South  Bailey;  near  which  parish,  in  an 
extra-parochial  cottage  between  the  city  wall  and 
the  river,  the  count  lived  for  nearly  the  last 
thirty  years  of  his  life  with  the  Misses  Ebdon, 
daughters  of  the  organist  of  that  name;  who, 
along  with  Archdeacon  Bowyer  and  others,  had 
interested  himself  in  raising  by  subscription  a 
sum  of  money  wherewith  to  purchase  an  annuity 
for  the  little  wanderer,  and  had  afforded  him  an 
asylum  in  his  family.  The  inscription  is  not  upon 
brass,  but  upon  Derbyshire  marble ;  and  is  sur- 


158 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  34.,  Aug.  23.  '56. 


rounded  by  an  architectural  framework  of  ele- 
gant design  by  Mr.  Cory,  the  architect.  The 
monument  was  intended  for  the  cathedral,  but  an 
objection  having  been  made  by  the  Dean  and 
Chapter  to  the  inscription,  written  by  the  Rev. 
Thos.  Ebdon,  minor  canon,  and  nephew  of  the 
organist,  it  was  by  my  permission  placed  in  its 
present  situation.  Let  me  correct  another  mis- 
take. The  count  was  buried,  not  by  the  side  of 
Mr.  Stephen  Kemble,  in  the  Nine  Altars,  but 
near  the  remains  of  another  of  his  kind  friends, 
Mr.  John  Leybourne,  Deputy-receiver  of  the 
Dean  and  Chapter,  in  the  west  end  of  the  cathe- 
dral, near  the  doorway  leading  into  the  northern 
tower.  His  grave  is  marked  by  the  letters  J.  B., 
the  initials  of  his  name.  J.  R. 

Sir  Ferdinando  Gorges  (2"'^  S.  ii.  108.)— There 
IS  a  Query,  under  the  title  of  "  New  England 
Queries,"  in  the  number  for  Aug.  9.  : 

"  Where  are  the  papers  (if  extant)  of  Sir  Ferdinando 
Gorges,  Governor  of  Plymouth,  about  1620?  " 

Connected  as  I  am  by  marriage  with  the  family, 
and  much  as  I  have  endeavoured  to  Investigate 
its  history,  I  doubt  whether  any  original  papers 
of  Sir  Ferdinando  are  now  extant. 

But  I  possess  a  very  curious  and  rare  volume, 
entitled  — 

"  America  painted  to  the  Life,  written  by  Sir  Ferdi- 
nando Gorges,  Knt.,  Governor  of  Plimouth,  in  Devon- 
shire, one  of  the  First  and  Chiefest  Promoters  of  the 
Plantations.  Publisht  since  his  Decease  by  his  Grandson, 
Ferdinando  Gorges,  Esquire,  who  hath  much  enlarged  it, 
and  added  several  accurate  Descriptions  of  his  own.  4to. 
London,  1658." 

This  volume  appears  to  contain  a  full  account 
of  every  transaction  relating  to  the  settlement  of 
the  Province  of  Maine  and  Massachusetts,  as  far 
as  the  family  of  Gorges  was  concerned. 

I  have  also  lately  met  with  an  Historical  Dis- 
course by  il/r.  George  Folsom,  read  before  some 
Society  in  Maine  or  Massachusetts,  which  em- 
bodies the  information  contained  in  these  tracts 
of  the  Gorges,  and  seems  to  contain  everything 
which  can  now  be  gleaned  on  the  subject. 

The  MSS.  in  the  British  Museum  appear  to  re- 
late chiefly  to  the  conduct  of  Sir  Ferdinando  in 
the  affair  of  the  Earl  of  Essex,  which  was  some 
years  previous  to  his  great  exertions  in  the  colo- 
nisation of  America.  Affinis. 

"  Aneroid''  (2"*  S.  ii.  98.)  —  Mb.  Phillips  says 
that  aneroid  means  moistureless ;  Dr.  Mayne  (in 
his  Expository  Lexicon)  calls  it  "  a  faulty  term 
intended  to  signify  airless."  I  will  not  ask  _an 
etymological  question,  viz.,  what  different  persons 
think  the  word  ought  to  mean  according  to  the 
supposed  derivation ;  but  I  will  ask  the  following 
simple  historical  questions  relating  to  a  plain 
matter  of  fact. 


1.  In  what  work  does  this  ^^/atdty  term"  first 
occur  ? 

2.  Who  invented  the  term  ? 

3.  What  is  the  explanation  or  derivation  of  the 
term  given  by  the  inventor  ?  M.  D. 

Portraits  of  Swift  (2"'>  S.  ii.  21.  96.)  —  Thank- 
ing C.  for  his  information  on  this  subject,  I  feel 
sorry  I  cannot  supply  him  with  further  details  of 
Importance  as  to  the  edition  of  Swift's  Works 
alluded  to  by  me,  being  in  possession  of  only  one 
volume,  the  main  title-page  of  which  Is  defective, 
but  from  some  of  the  Inside  title-pages  to  par- 
ticular tracts  I  find  it  to  be  "  vol.  iv.,"  and  "  Printed 
in  the  year  mdccxxxiv."  An  "  Advertisement " 
to  the  volume,  amongst  other  things,  commences 
by  stating : 

"  The  ensuing  volume  which  compleats  the  Set  contains 
all  such  Writings  imputed  to  the  Author  as  relate  to  Ire- 
land ;  whereof  the  principal  are  called  The  Drapiers 
Letters,  and  to  these  we  have  added  two  which  were 
never  printed  before.  They  were  procured  from  a  Friend 
of  the  Author's  in  the  original  Manuscript  as  we  are  as- 
sured and  have  good  Reason  to  believe :  those  who  are 
better  judges  will  soon  determine  whether  they  are  genuine 
or  no." 

The  edition  I  cannot  say  positively  to  be  from 
the  press  of  Faulkner,  though  usually  considered 
so.  The  plate  bears  no  name  of  "Vert,"  or 
"  Vertue,"  nor  of  any  engraver's  marks  whatever. 
It  is  possible  that  the  work  may  have  been  alto- 
gether brought  out  clandestinely.  G.  N. 

Crooked  Naves  (2"'^  S.  i.  432.  499.,  &c.)  —  The 
nave  of  St.  Mary's  church,  at  Bungay,  is  built  In 
a  different  line  from  the  chancel ;  the  divergence 
Is  almost  ten  degrees,  as  I  judge  by  the  eye.  The 
chancel  is  the  oldest  part,  being  early  Decorated, 
or  late  Early  English,  whilst  the  nave  is  early  Per- 
pendicular. The  pews,  however,  it  Is  very  re- 
markable, are  of  the  same  age  as  the  chancel,  and 
have  plainly  been  worked  up  In  the  late  rebuild- 
ing of  the  nave.  The  chancel  is  now  In  ruins, 
only  the  other  part  of  the  church  being  used  for 
divine  service.  B.  B.  Woodwakd. 

Bungay,  Suffolk. 

Holly,  the  only  indigenous  English  Evergreen 
(2""^  S.  I.  399.,  &c.)  —  In  the  limestone  districts 
at  the  head  of  Morecombe  Bay,  about  Silverdale, 
and  In  various  parts  of  Furness,  both  the  yew  and 
juniper  grow  In  profusion.  The  yew  and  holly 
attain  a  large  size,  and  as  they  grow  in  juxta- 
position, amidst  rocks  never  disturbed  by  the 
hand  of  man,  it  may  naturally  be  supposed  that 
the  one  Is  as  much  entitled  to  be  styled  "  Indi- 
genous" as  the  other.  Has  Ma.  White  ever 
visited  that  part  of  the  kingdom  ?  G.  (1 .) 

Patrick  O' Kelly,  the  Irish  Bard  (2"''  S.  ii.  107.) 
—  I  remember  seeing  this  person  when  he  was 
making  a  tour  through  the  south  of  Ireland  in 


2»<iS.No34.,Aua  23. '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


159 


1829 — 30,  soliciting  subscriptions  for  a  forthcoming 
volume  of  poems.  He  was  one  of  the  most  im- 
pudent men  alive ;  and  it  is  recorded  that  when 
King  George  IV.  visited  Dublin  in  1821,  he  was 
informed  that  O'Kelly  was  a  remarkable  character, 
and  then  in  Dublin,  on  which  his  Majesty  allowed 
the  poet  to  be  presented  to  him.  O'Kelly,  who 
Wiis  lame,  was  presented,  and  the  king,  anxious 
to  put  him  at  ease,  remarked,  "  I  regret  to  see 
that  you  are  lame."  "  Yes,  your  Majesty,"  said 
O'Kelly,  "  we  are  all  lame ;  the  three  of  us." 
"  What?  "  asked  the  king,  "  three  lame  persons  in 
one  family  !  A  sad  calamity  indeed  !  "  "  Yes," 
replied  O'Kelly,  "  in  the  great  family  of  the  Poets ! 
O'Kelly,  Scott,  and  Byron,  we  are  all  lame." 

JUVERNA. 

Pi-emature  Interments  (2'"^  S.  ii.  103.)  —  With 
reference  to  the  article  on  premature  interments  I 
may  refer  those  of  your  readers  who  take  an  in- 
terest in  the  subject  to  an  able  and  most  interest- 
ing article  in  the  Quarterly  Review,  vol.  Ixxxv. 
p.  346.,  entitled  "  Fontenelle  on  the  Signs  of 
Death,"  the  authorship  of  which  has  been  ascribed 
to  Dr.  Fergusson.  For  the  benefit  of  those  who 
have  not  the  volume  at  hand  I  may  add  that  the 
learned  author  is  an  utter  disbeliever  in  "  pre- 
mature interments."  M.  A.,  Oxon. 

Oxford  and  Cambridge  Club. 

Add  to  the  list  of  books  on  this  neglected  sub- 
ject, one  called  The  Disease  of  Death.  I  think  it 
is  by  a  deceased  physician  of  the  name  of  Graham, 
of  Caius  College,  Cambridge.  The  author's  pa- 
nacea is  a  bath  of  warm  earth. 

C.  Mansfiei-d  Inglbbt. 

Birmingham. 

Blue  and  Buff  (2»'i  S.  i.  269.)  —  In  Hudibras, 
the  poet,  speaking  of  his  hero,  says  : 

"  For  he  was  of  that  stubborn  crew, 
Hight  Presbjterian  time  blue." 

This  will  carry  the  hlue  higher  up  than  the  reign 
of  George  I.  The  hiiff,  I  suspect,  dates  from  the 
buff-coat.  Delta. 

John  Knox's  Prophecy  (2"^  S.  I.  270.)  —  Ac- 
cording to  the  Scandalous  Chronicle,  the  grand 
monarque  was  not  the  son  of  Louis  XIII.  :  if  so, 
the  prophecy  would  hold  good.  Delta. 

Running  Footmen  (2°*^  S.  i.  passim.) — There  is  a 
public-house  in  Charles  Street,  Berkeley  Square, 
much  used  by  the  servants  of  the  neighbouring 
gentry,  which  is  called  by  the  name,  and  has  a 
painting  of  this  functionary  for  its  sign.  It  repre- 
sents a  tall,  thin,  agile  man,  running  at  a  steady, 
etfortless  pace  on  a  country  road.  He  is  dressed 
in  knee-breeches,  confined  round  the  waist  by  a 
silken  scarf,  white  stockings,  and  black  shoes ;  a 
short  jacket,  a  jockey  cap,  and  a  long  stick  with  a 


metal  ball  on  the  top,  complete  his  costume.  Un- 
derneath is  inscribed,  "I  am  the  only  running 
footman."  John  Miland. 

Strabo  on  Ireland  (2'">  S.  i.  512.)  —  The  Editor, 
at  p.  512.  supra,  questions  the  publication  of  this 
book  for  several  reasons,  amongst  which  he  gives 
the  following  :  "  The  publisher,  I.  Stone,  is  un- 
known." Now  Mr.  Silvester  Eedmond,  of  Liver- 
pool, who  was  the  writer  of  the  original  reference 
in  the  columns  of  the  Wexford  Independent,  gives 
the  following  proofs  of  his  (Stone's)  existence.* 

Mr.  Redmond  is  not  very  complimentary  to 
"  N.  &  Q."  in  the  remainder  of  his  letter.  With 
this  I  have  nothing  to  do ;  but  it  appears  to  me 
that  the  non-existence  of  the  book  in  question  is 
not  by  any  means  satisfactorily  established.  I 
trust,  therefore,  that  some  of  the  readers  of  "  N. 
&  Q."  may  keep  the  Query  in  mind,  and  commu- 
nicate to  its  readers  the  existence  (if  it  can  be 
proved)  of  a  book  which,  if  found,  may  serve  to 
throw  light  on  a  much  vexed  question,  the  Round 
Towers  of  Ireland.  James  Graves,  Clerk. 

Kilkenny. 

Sir  Edward  Cohe  (2'">  S.  ii.  58.)  —  Amongst 

my   collection   of  autographs    is   one   occupying 

about  half  an  inch  square,  on  paper  of  that  date, — 

"  Edward 

Cook," 

mounted  carefully,  secundem  artem,  with  this  in- 
scription : 

"  Autograph  of  Sir  Edward  Coke, 

Lord  Chief  Justice  of  England, 

1613." 

and  this  addition  in  a  different  handwriting  : 

"  Placed  here  to  shew,  what  Gulls, 
Collectors  are  considered  to  be  by  Dealers ! " 

E.  D. 

Welsh  Custom  (P*  S.  xii.  427.)  — The  division 

of  ships  into  twenty-four  carats  is  recognised  in 

Sardinia,    Naples,   Austria,   and   all   the  Italian 

states.  Cooper  Hill. 

Gloucester. 

Arms  in  Severn  Stoke  Church  (2"*^  S.  ii.  112.)  — 
These  arms  are  of  frequent  occurrence  in  the 
cathedral  and  neighbourhood  of  Gloucester,  upon 
encaustic  tiles ;  but  the  cross  crosslets  in  them 
cannot,  I  think,  have  any  connection  with  the 
Berkeley  coat,  —  the  crosses  in  the  latter  being 
patee.  If  you  have  any  other  authority  than  that 
of  Sir  Robert  Atkyns  for  your  statement,  I  shall 
be  glad  to  be  referred  to  it.  Cooper  Hill. 

Gloucester. 


[*  We  have  omitted  the  list  of  works  containing  the 
name  of  I.  Stone,  as  it  is  clear  there  was  a  bookseller  of 
that  name,  although  unchronicled  by  Nichols  and  Tim- 
perley.  We  hope  Mr.  Kedmond  will  eventually  be  able 
to  dispose  of  our  other  reasons  for  doubting  the  existence 
of  this  work.] 


160 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  NO  34.,  Aug.  23.  '56. 


Arnold  of  Westminster  (2°''  S.  ii.  110.^ — Among 
the  names  of  churchwardens  of  St.  Margaret's, 
Westminster,  occur  those  of  — 

1644-7.  Michael  Arnold. 

1665-8.  Michael  Arnold. 

1675-6.  Nehemiah  Arnold. 

1693.  Tanner  Arnold. 

There  are  monuments  of  some  of  the  family  in 
the  church ;  and  the  parish  registers  would  no 
doubt  supply  ample  information. 

William  Arnold  died  Aug.  23,  1734,  aged 
twenty-five.  Arms :  gules,  a  chevron,  ermine, 
between  3  pheons,  or. 

Mary,  wife  of  John  Arnold,  daughter  of  John 
and  Mary  Harvey,  died  Sept.  29,  1701,  aged 
twenty-one.  1.  As  above.  2.  Gules,  on  a  bend 
arg.,  3  trefoils  slipped,  vert. :  or  a  canton  or,  a 
leopard's  head  of  the  first. 

Dr.  Samuel  Arnold,  author  of  the  Maid  of  the 
Mill,  died  in  Duke  Street,  Oct.  22,  1802. 

Mackenzie  Walcott,  M.A. 

In  the  Report  of  Lord  Stafford's  trial,  I  find 
Mr.  Arnold  a  member  of  the  House  of  Commons, 
"standing  up  in  his  place"  to  testify  to  the  good 
character  of  Edward  Tubberville,  one  of  the  Plot 
witnesses.  He  seems,  however,  to  have  been  a 
country  gentleman,  and  an  active  man  against  the 
Papists.  A.  B.  R. 


NOTES    ON   BOOKS,   ETC. 

Mr.  Sims  has  just  published  a  volume  which  promises 
to  be  of  considerable  utility  to  all  who  are  engaged  in  in- 
vestigations of  an  antiquarian,  historical,  or  genealogical 
nature.  Its  ample  title-page  describes  its  object.  It  is 
entitled  A  Manual  for  the  Genealogist,  Topographer,  An- 
tiquary, and  Legal  Professor,  consisting  of  Descriptions  of 
Public  Records,  Parochial  arid  other  Registers,  Wills, 
County  and  Family  Histories,  Heraldic  Collections  in  Public 
Libraries,  ^c.  The  work  is  evidentl}'  the  result  of  much 
well-directed  labour,  and  is  calculated  to  facilitate  very 
considerably  the  researches  of  all  persons  who  may  be 
compelled  by  circumstances,  or  induced  by  a  love  of  ge- 
nealogical studies,  to  prosecute  inquiries  which  involve  the 
examination  of  the  early  monuments  of  our  national 
history.  All  such  parties,  whether  engaged  in  the  prose- 
cution of  personal  claims,  or  amusing  themselves  by 
archaeological  speculations,  will  find  in  Mr.  Sims's  newly 
published  volume  a  most  useful  assistant.  When  noticing 
his  Handbook  to  the  Library  of  the  British  Museum,  we 
could  not  help  expressing  our  hope  that  the  trustees, 
whose  desire  it  must  be  to  facilitate  the  use  of  the  Museum 
library,  would  avail  themselves  of  the  first  opportunity  of 
marking  their  approval  of  Mr.  Sims's  attempt  to  promote 
so  important  an  object.  We  are  sorry  to  find  that  we 
may  now  repeat  that  expression  of  our  hope.  For  we 
understand  —  notwithstanding  that  fitness  for  promotion 
which  his  published  works  show  him  to  be  in  possession 
of— Mr.  Sims  is  still  left  in  the  very  junior  position  in  that 
Institution  which  he  has  occupied  for  so  many  years. 
Mr.  Sims  deserves  better  treatment  at  the  hands  of  those 
who  are  responsible  for  the  administration  of  the  British 
Museum. 


Ferny  Combes ;  a  Ramble  after  Ferns  in  the  Glens  and 
Valleys  of  Devonshire,  by  Charlotte  Chanter,  written  to 
"lead  the  youthful,  and  to  cheer  the  weary  spirit,  by 
leading  them  with  a  woman's  hand  to  the  Ferny  Combes 
and  Dells  of  Devon."  This  pleasing  little  volume  de- 
serves a  place  in  the  travelling  bag  of  every  one  who  wants 
to  add  a  new  charm  to  a  ramble  through  the  beautiful 
county  of  Devon.  How  much  is  the  pleasure  of  a  tour 
enhanced  when  some  special  object  is  mixed  up  with  it, 
and  what  more  pleasing  than  that  of  a  study,  as  of  Ferns, 
which  may  afterwards  be  pursued  with  interest  by  the 
domestic  hearth. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO    PURCHASE. 

Sfweii.'s   (W.)   Hawkstone,  a  Tale  op  and  for  England.    2  Vols. 
Fcap.  8vo.    (Second-hand.) 

***  Letters,  stating  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carriage  free,  to  be 
sent  to  Messrs.  Bfll  &  Daldy,  Publishers  of  "  NOTES  AND 
QUERIES,"  186.  Fleet  Street. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose  : 

The  CDftLiAD.    A  Hypercritic  npon  the  Dunciad.    London,  1729. 
Neck  or  Nothino.    A  Consolatory  Letter  from  Mr.  D— nt— n  to  Mr. 
C— rll,  &c.    London,  1716. 

Wanted  by  William  J.  Thomn,  Esq.,  25.  fiolywell  Street,  MUlbank, 
Westminster. 


Shakspeabe's  Plays.    The  First  Two  Volumes  of  the  8vo.  3  volume 
edition.    Published  by  Johnson  in  1745. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Crowther,  East  Dereham,  Norfolk. 


iiaHtti  to  €avre^fa\Hsmti, 

We  hope  next  lueeh  to  la;/  ie/bre  our  renders  a  further  and  vert/  in- 
teresting paper  from  the  pen  of  Froff.ssor  Db  Morgan  on  the  subject  of 
The  Earl  of  Halifax  and  Mrs.  Catherine  Barton. 

G.  R.  C.  is  referred  to  "  N.  &  Q.,"  1st  S.  i.  pp.  383.  419.  420.  for  much 
curious  learning  on  the  subject  o/ Moses  being  represented  with  Homg. 

W.  Thhelkad  Edwards  w  thanked  for  his  suggestion,  which  has  been 
once  adopted,  but  found  not  to  answer. 

3.  F.  F.  is  thanked  for  The  Monody.  It  is  verg  well  knotim,  and  though 
we  may  be  glad  to  print  it  hereafter,  we  are  sure  J.  F.  F.  will  agree  with 
us  that  this  is  not  quite  the  time  for  doing  so. 

Vindex.  The  Criminal  Statistics  are  annually  printed,  and  laid  be- 
fore Parliament.  They  may  be  purchased  of  Messrs.  SpottiSwoode,  at 
the  Office  for  Sale  of  Faj>ers,  House  of  Lords,  or  of  Mksshs.  Hansard, 
Abingdon  Street,  Westminster. 

R.  T.  B.  willfind  the  subject  of  Collars  of  SS.  very  fully  discussed  in 
our  1st  Series,  vols,  ii.,  iii.  iv.  v.  vi.  vii.  viii.  and  x.    See  General  Index. 

EiN  Fraoer  willfind  the  beautiful  song  from  Shirley's  Contention  of 
Ajax  and  Ulysses,  beginning  — 

"  Tlie  glories  of  our  blood  and  state 

Are  shadows,  not  substantial  things  — 

reprinted  in  the  third  volume  of  Ellis's  Specimens  of  the  Early  English 
Poets. 

F.  H.    The  striking  couplet  — 

"  The  Soul's  dark  Cottage,  battered  and  decayed , 
Lets  in  new  light  through  chinks  that  time  has  made,"  — 

is  from  Waller's  Epilogue  to  his  Poems  of  Divine  Love.    See  "Nr&  Q.," 
1st  S.  iii.  154, 135.  for  several  parallel  passages. 

Index  to  the  First  Series.  As  this  is  now  published,  and  the  im- 
pression is  a  limited  one,  stich  of  our  readers  as  desire  copies  would  do 
well  to  intimate  their  wish  to  their  respective  booksellers  without  delay. 
Our  publishers,  Mkssrs.  Bell  &  TikLDr,  will  foi-ward  copies  by  post  on 
receipt  of  a  Post  Office  Order  for  Five  Shillings, 

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2od  S.  NO  35.,  Aug.  30.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


161 


LONJiON,  SATUBDAY,  AUGUST  30. 185G. 
lABR   BAUFAX   AND   MES.   CATHEEINE    BAKTOH. 

(P*  S.  viii.  429.) 

Three  years  ago  I  collected  all  I  could  find  rer 
latinj^  to  the  connexion  of  Newton's  niece  with 
Lord  Halifax.  My  conclusion  —  and  "all  my 
conclusion"  —  was  that  "  a  private  marriage,  ge- 
nerally understood  among  the  friends  of  the  parties, 
seems  to  me  to  make  all  the  circumstances  take  an 
air  of  likelihood  which  no  other  hypothesis  will 
give  them,"  Sir  David  Brewster  discussed  my 
arguments  in  his  Life  of  Newton,  published  in 
1855  :  and  I  made  such  reply  as  I  then  judged 
necessary  in  a  review  of  his  book  which  I  wrote 
for  the  Noi'th  British  Review  (No.  46,  August, 
1855),  Before  proceeding  to  give  two  additional 
presumptions,  I  add  some  remarks  to  this  review. 

Sir  David  Brewster  neglects  the  character  of  my 
conclusion  as  to  probability  :  and  argues  as  if  I 
affirmed  that  I  had  proved  a  marriage.  He 
would  have  done  better  if  he  had  discussed  my 
opinion  from  my  own  words.  /  could  con- 
tend, as  well  as  himself,  that  all  the  facts  alleged 
by  me  did  not  prove  a  marriage.  The  point  on 
which  I  gave  the  opinion  that  reasonable  evidence 
existed  was  an  alternative,  namely,  that  there 
was  either  a  marriage  or  an  irregular  connexion. 
Again,  Sir  D.  Brewster  speaks  thus  (vol.  ii. 
p.  277.)  : 

"  To  infer  a  maiTiage,  when  the  parties  themselves  have 
never  acknowledged  it,  —  when  no  trace  of  a  record  can 
be  found,  —  and  when  no  friend  or*relation  has  ever  at- 
tempted even  to  make  it  the  subject  of  conjecture,  is  to 
violate  every  principle  of  sound  reasoning ;  and  we  are 
disposed  to  think  that  Mr.  De  Morgan's  respect  for  the 
memory  of  Newton  has  led  him  to  what  he  regards  as  the 
onlj'  conclusion  which  is  compatible  with  the  character  of 
a  man  so  great  and  pure." 

First,  I  did  not  infer  a  marriage,  except  as  the 
more  probable  of  two  things,  of  which  I  held  one 
or  the  other  sufficiently  established.  Secondly,  I 
leaned  towards,  not  simply  a  marriage,  but  a  "  pri- 
vate marriage,  generally  understood  among  the 
friends  of  the  parties."  Insert  this,  and  see  how 
Sir  D.  Brewster's  sentence  then  reads.  "  To  infer 
a  [private]  marriage  [generally  understood  among 
the  friends  of  the  parties],  when  the  parties  them- 
selves have  never  acknowledged  it,  —  when  no 
trace  of  a  record  can  be  found,  —  and  when  no 
friend  or  relation  has  ever  attempted  even  to 
make  it  the  subject  of  conjecture,  is  to  violate 
every  principle  of  sound  reasoning."  I  think  it 
violates  no  principle :  certainly  not  every  prin- 
ciple :  for  instance,  how  does  it  violate  the  prin- 
ciple that  a  universal  negative  proposition  is 
convertible  ?  But  when  Sir  D.  Brewster  repre- 
sents as  speaking  simpliciter  an  opponent  who  is 


speaking  secundum  quid,  he  violates  one  principle 
of  sound  reasoning,  and  enables  that  opponent,  as 
the  fencers  say,  to  beat  down  his  guard. 

Again,  Sir  D.  Brewster  conjectures  that  ray  re- 
spect for  the  memory  of  Newton  has  led  me  to  the 
only  conclusion  compatible  with  the  character  of 
a  man  so  great  and  pure.  When  did  I  ever 
show  any  respect  for  the  memory  of  Newton,  in 
any  sense  in  which  respect  for  the  memory  of  the 
dead  means  something  different  from  respect  for 
merit  in  the  living  ?  Respect  for  memory,  in 
the  sense  in  which  Sir  D.  Brewster  appears  to 
use  the  words,  generally  includes  willingness  to 
cast  a  veil  over  faults  for  the  sake  of  excellences. 
Now,  of  all  Englishmen  living,  I  am  the  one  who 
has  most  dwelt  upon  Newton's  faults,  and  most 
strongly  insisted  that  respect  for  his  memory  should 
not  prevent  the  clearest  and  fullest  exposition  of 
them,  I  have  always  insisted  that  greatness,  in- 
tellectual gi'eatness,  should  be  no  cover  whatever 
for  delinquency  of  any  kind.  And  I  confidently 
appeal  to  those  who  have  read  any  of  my  writings 
on  the  subject  of  Newton,  whether  they  will  not 
believe  me  when  I  make  the  assertion  following. 
I  say  that  if  I  had  on  close  reflection  seen  reason  to 
think  Newton  had  connived  at  a  dishonourable 
union  between  his  friend  and  his  niece,  I  would  no 
more  have  been  deterred  from  giving  that  opinion 
to  the  world  by  gravitation,  fluxions,  and  optics,  or 
by  the  world's  worship  of  the  discoverer,  than  I 
would  have  been  deterred  from  giving  evidence 
that  a  man  had  gone  down  into  a  coal-mine  by  my 
knowledge  of  his  having  at  another  time  gone  up 
to  the  top  of  St.  Paul's. 

What  I  did  do  was  this  :  —  I  took  the  purity  of 
Newton's  private  life  (a  fact  as  well  established  as 
any  such  fact  can  be)  for  presumptive  evidence  that, 
as  there  is  reason  to  suppose  he  always  countenanced 
his  niece,  the  connexion  of  that  niece  with  Halifax 
was  honourable.  This  is  altogether  independent 
of  respect :  it  would  equally  be  my  opinion,  if  I 
did  not  respect  purity  of  life.  Those  who  in  their 
secret  hearts  think  a  man  a  fool  who  would  not 
have  connived,  if  he  could  have  got  or  kept  any- 
thing by  it,  may  be  more  difficult  to  bring  to  a 
belief  of  Newton's  character ;  but,  once  brought 
to  that  belief,  they  would,  in  their  own  language, 
think  Newton  was  that  Jbol.  The  second  clause 
of  Sir  D,  Brewster's  sentence  ought  to  have  run 
as  follows  :  — 

"  Mr.  De  Morgan  has  distinctly  asserted  tliat  his 
opinion  of  Newton's  moral  life  and  sentiments  has  helped 
in  drawing  him  to  what  he  regards  as  the  only  con- 
clusion compatible  with  the  character  of  a  man  so  pure." 

I  now  proceed  to  the  additional  presumptions 
above  alluded  to :  — 

A  few  days  ago,  my  friend  Mr.  Libri  showed  me 
a  letter,  written  by  Newton,  which  he  had  bought 
at  a  sale  (H.  Belward  Ray's  sale.  Lot  938.).  The 
handwriting  is  indisputable.     It  appears  to  have 


162 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  35.,  Aug.  30.  '56. 


belonged  to  a  collection  of  Newton  papers  bought 
by  the  late  Mr.  Rodd  in  1847.  The  address  is 
wanting  ;  but  it  is  written  to  some  Sir  John  of 
Lincolnshire  ;  and  the  catalogue  entry  conjectures 
that  it  is  written  to  Sir  John  Newton  (of  Gunwar- 
ley  or  Gunnerly,  styled  by  Sir  D.  Brewster  of 
Hather),  whom  Newton  acknowledged  as  a  distant 
relation.  This  matter  is  of  little  consequence, 
and  that  little  merely  as  follows  :  a  distant  relation 
is  more  likely  than  no  relation  at  all  to  have  been 
among  the  persons  privy  to  the  fact  of  the  mar- 
riage, if  marriage  there  were.  The  letter  is  as 
follows  (I  have  put  a  few  words  in  Italics)  :  — 

"  Leicester  Fields,  23  May,  1715. 
"  Sr  John,  —  I  am  concerned  that  I  must  send  an 
excuse  for  not  waiting  upon  you  before  your  journey  into 
Lincolnshire.  The  concern  I  am  in  for  the  loss  of  my 
Lord  Halifax,  and  the  circumstances  in  which  I'stand  re- 
lated to  his  family  will  not  suffer  me  to  go  abroad  till  his 
funeral  is  over.  And  therefore  I  can  only  send  this 
letter  to  wish  you  and  your  Lady  and  family  a  good 
journey  into  Lincolnshire,  and  all  health  and  happiness 
during  your  stay  there.  And  upon  your  first  return  to 
London  I  will  wait  upon  you  and  endeavour  by  fre- 
quenter visits  to  make  amends  for  the  defect  of  them  at 
present.  I  am,  Sir,  your  most  humble*  and  most  obedient 
servant,  Isaac  Newton." 

Newton  thus  distinctly  informs  us,  that  circum- 
stances in  which  he  stands  related  to  Halifax's 
family  are  such  as  conspire  to  prevent  him  from 
paying  visits  till  after  the  funeral :  and  that  these 
circumstances  are  worthy  of  being  named  next  to 
his  concern  for  his  oldest  friend  and  political  pa- 
tron. Newton's  relation  to  Halifax  was  of  no 
common  kind.  In  1680  they  were  working  to- 
gether to  establish  a  Philosophical  Society  at 
Cambridge.  In  1688  they  were  jointly,  and  with 
better  success,  trying  their  hands  at  a  great  revo- 
lution, as  members  of  the  Convention.  In  1696 
they  were  again  associated  in  the  difficult  opera- 
tion of  re-establishing  the  coinage.  They  had 
been  warm  friends  and  official  connexions  through 
the  greater  part  of  their  working  lives,  and  for 
thirty-five  years.  The  loss  of  Halifax  would  have 
been  very  sufficient  reason,  and  very  notorious 
reason,  for  Newton  to  assign  in  explanation  of  his 
inability  to  pay  visits  before  the  funeral.  But 
there  was  something  more  ;  something  worthy  to 
be  named  after  the  first  reason ;  and  something 
sufficiently  notorious  for  Sir  John  Newton,  or 
some  other  Sir  John  among  Newton's  visiting 
friends,  to  understand  without  farther  allusion. 

Did  any  circumstances  relate  Newton  to  any 
other  person  of  the  blood  of  Charles  Montague  ? 

•  A  letter  from  Newton  to  Sir  John  Newton  in  the 
April  following  (Edleston,  Correspondence,  Sfc,  p.  307.), 
begins  "  Sir  John,"  and  ends  "  Your  affectionate  kinsman 
and  most  humble  servant."  But  the  variety  of  the 
modes  of  address  from  one  person  to  the  same  other 
person  at  the  period  in  question,  and  down  to  the  end  of 
the  century,  must  have  been  noticed  by  every  one  who 
has  paid  attention  to  correspondence. 


The  married  names  of  two  of  the  sisters,  according 
to  the  biographer,  were  Willmot  and  Cosby :  of 
another,  according  to  Halifax's  will,  Lawton.  The 
index  of  Sir  D.  Brewster's  book  says,  as  to  Mon- 
tague, "see  Halifax,"  and  does  not  mention  the 
other  names.  Newton  was  not  an  executor.  He 
never  received  any  patronage  from  any  of  Mon- 
tague's family :  they  had  none  to  give.  Halifax 
was  himself  the  patron  of  his  family,  and  had,  not 
long  before  his  death,  resigned  the  rich  place  of 
Auditor  of  the  Exchequer  in  favour  of  his  nephew 
George  Montague,  who  succeeded  him  in  the 
barony.  Other  relatives,  besides  the  successor  and 
sole  executor,  as  named  in  the  will,  are  Christo- 
pher and  James  Montague,  brothers;  Edward 
Montague  and  John  Lawton,  nephews ;  Anne  and 
Grace  Montague,  nieces.  With  all  or  some  of 
these  Newton  was  probably  acquainted  :  but  I  am 
not  aware  of  positive  evidence  even  of  so  much  as 
this.  As  to  any  circumstances  relating  Newton 
to  any  one  of  them,  or  any  other  of  Montague's 
blood,  there  is  not  the  smallest  evidence  of  any 
such  things.  For  myself,  as  may  be  supposed,  I 
incline  more  strongly  than  before  to  the  suppo- 
sition that  Halifax's  family^  in  the  sense  in  which 
the  word  is  here  used,  consisted  of  a  widow, 
known  as  Catherine  Barton,  and  Newton's  niece. 
I  see  in  the  phrase  "  circumstances  in  which  I 
stand  related  to  his  family,"  the  cautious  mode  of 
writing  which  I  suppose  to  have  become  familiar 
when  allusion  was  made  to  the  understood  but 
unacknowledged  marriage. 

I  now  state  another  of  the  many  little  circum- 
stances which  all  seem  to  converge  to  one  point. 
The  periods  are  roughly  stated.  Newton  lived  in 
London  thirty  years  ;  his  niece  must  have  finished 
her  education  not  long  after  he  came  to  London 
(1696).  That  she  lived  with  him  on  leaving  school 
seems  pretty  certain.  In  1700  Newton  wrote  a 
letter  (Brewster,  ii.  213.)  to  her,  then  in  the 
country  for  recovery  from  the  small-pox,  which 
has  very  much  the  air  of  a  letter  written  to  an 
inmate  of  his  own  house  during  casual  removal. 
Sir  D.  Brewster  puts  it  that  she  was  (Do., 
ii.  279.)  boarded  in  Oxfordshire,  where  she  had 
the  small-pox,  and  that  she  had  not  then  ever 
been  an  inmate  of  Newton's  house  :  but  the  com- 
mencement of  the  letter,  in  which  Newton  is 
glad  the  air  agrees  with  her,  makes  it  appear 
that  she  was  removed  there  after  the  disorder :  he 
is  glad  that  "  the  remains  of  the  small-pox  are 
dropping  off  apace."  And  a  little  London  cir- 
cumstance is  mentioned :  "  Sir  Joseph  Tilley  is 
leaving  Mr.  Toll's  house,  and  it's  probable  I  may 
succeed  him."  Would  the  niece  of  twenty, 
boarded  till  then  in  the  country,  be  assumed  by 
Newton  (hypotheses  non  fingo^  to  be  up  to  the 
fact  that  Sir  Joseph  Tilley  lived  in  Mr.  Toll's 
house ;  or  would  Newton  have  previously  laid 
the  foundation  of  this  knowledge,  apropos  of  no- 


J^d  S.  NO  35.,  Aug.  30.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


163 


thing  ?  The  letter  is  a  plain  proof  that  she  had 
left  his  house,  her  usual  home,  for  country  air 
after  the  small-pox  ;  and  I  take  it  that  she  lived 
with  him  from  the  time  of  her  leaving  school. 
Now  Conduitt  informs  us  that  his  wife  lived  with 
her  uncle  nearly  twenty  years,  before  and  after 
her  marriage ;  and,  when  *  in  town,  the  Conduitts 
lived  with  Newton  up  to  his  death.  Now  twenty 
from  thirty  leaves  ten  :  there  are,  roughly,  ten  f 
years  of  Catherine  Barton's  life  to  be  accounted 
for.  From  1706  to  1715  we  have  about  ten  years. 
In  1706,  as  Sir  David  Brewster  found  from  the 
Newton  papers,  the  annuity  trust  was  created  by 
which  Halifax  held  200/.  a-year  in  trust  for  Miss 
Barton  :  in  1706  also  he  made  his  first  codicil  in 
her  favour.  He  died  in  1715.  The  rough  period, 
then,  of  which  we  must  demand  explanation,  is  of 
that  length  which  intervenes  between  an  annuity 
settled  (by  Halifax,  I  believe)  and  a  bequest  first 
made,  at  the  one  end,  and  the  death  of  Halifax  at 
the  other.  For  Sir  D.  Brewster's  very  curious 
reason  to  show  that  the  annuity  was  bought  by 
Newton,  a  reason  which  puts  little  Kate,  at  six 
years  old,  in  possession  of  the  key  of  Newton's 
cupboard  at  Trinity  College,  —  where  we  can  only 
hope  she  did  not  eat  too  much  sugar,  —  see  the 
article  in  the  North  British  Review,  cited  above. 

Add  to  this  explanation  of  the  ten  years  the 
facts  that  Halifax's  first  codicil  spoke  of  love 
and  affection,  but  that  the  codicil  of  1712  spoke 
of  the  sincere  love  he  had  long  had  for  her  person, 
and  the  Measure  and  happiness  he  had  had  in  her 
conversation.  Remember  also  the  statement  pub- 
licly made  in  the  Life  of  Halifax,  written  by  a 
strong  partisan,  that  Catherine  Barton  had  been 
to  Halifax  the  "  superintendent  of  his  domestic 
affairs,"  for  which,  though  a  "  woman  of  strict 
honour  and  virtue,"  she  had  had  passed  upon  her 
a  "judgment  which  she  no  ways  merited :  "  a 
statement  never  contradicted,  though  made  public 
at  the  time  when  the  death  of  Halifax  must  have 
turned  all  men's  eyes  upon  the  facts  of  his  life. 


*  Conduitt  was,  from  and  after  his  marriage,  an  officer 
of  the  Mint,  as  well  as  a  member  of  Parliament.  His 
usual  residence  must  have  been  in  London.  That  he  had 
a  country  house,  and  sometimes  occupied  it,  serves  Sir  D. 
Brewster  (ii.  279.)  with  a  pretext  for  cutting  off  some  of 
the  twenty  years  from  the  end  of  Newton's  life.  He  pre- 
sumes that  Mrs.  Conduitt  lived  six  years  of  her  uncle's 
life  with  her  husband,  her  uncle  not  living  with  them. 
It  is  not  likely  that  she  and  her  husband  left  their  uncle 
in  his  extreme  old  age,  and  there  is  no  evidence  of  it. 

t  In  my  former  paper  I  supposed  it  possible  the  con  - 
nexion  might  have  begun  in  1700.  With  Conduitt's 
twenty  years  before  me,  1  ought  not  to  have  done  this. 
I  was  also  not  aware  that  Halifax's  first  wife,  the  Coun- 
tess Dowager  of  Manchester,  only  died  in  1698.  This 
lady  was  the  daughter  of  Sir  Christopher  Telverton,  Bart. 
Her  first  husband,  to  whom  she  bore  nine  children,  died 
in  1682 :  she  was  married  to  Charles  Montague  (who  was 
probably  ten  years  younger  than  herself)  a  short  time 
before  the  Kevolutioa. 


Read  these  circumstances,  and  the  others  brought 
forward  in  my  former  paper,  by  the  light  of  New- 
ton's statement  that  circumstances  relating  him  to 
Halifax's  family  were,  over  and  above  his  per- 
sonal concern,  reasons  for  keeping  the  house  till 
the  funeral  —  and  more  than  the  strong  suspicion 
of  an  unacknowledged  marriage  must,  I  think, 
result.  I  say  unacknowledged,  as  distinct  from 
private  :  known  to  the  circle  in  which  the  parties 
lived,  but  not  proclaimed  to  the  world. 

One  thing  however  is  clear.  If  Catherine  Bar- 
ton did  live  with  Lord  Halifax,  it  must  be  to  her 
that  Newton's  allusion  is  made.  And  if  to  her, 
then  to  her  as  a  wife,  not  as  a  mistress.  It  is 
utterly  incredible,  even  on  the  supposition  of  a 
connivance  at  her  dishonour,  that  Newton  should 
have  gravely  propounded  his  relationship  to  his 
friend's  mistress  as  a  reason  for  secluding  himself 
till  after  the  funeral.  It  might  in  such  a  case  have 
been  one  of  the  reasons  for  his  course  of  conduct, 
but  it  never  would  have  been  an  assigned  second 
reason,  while  he  had  so  good  and  so  sufficient  a 
first  reason  to  allege.  The  alternative,  then,  to 
which  other  circumstances  reduced  the  question, 
is  destroyed.  If  Newton's  niece  lived  with  Lord 
Halifax,  it  was  as  his  wife. 

Sir  D.  Brewster's  work  is  one  which  merits  the 
gratitude  of  all  who  take  interest  in  Newton. 
And  sincere  thanks  are  due  to  Lord  Portsmouth 
for  having  intrusted  the  papers  to  the  biographer. 
But  I,  for  one,  cannot  help  hoping  that  yet  further 
examination  of  them  will  be  permitted. 

A.  De  Morgan. 

August  15,  1856. 


Remark  on  Junius.  —  The  following  remai'k  on 
Junius  is  cited  by  a  correspondent  in  "  N.  &  Q." 
(2°''  S.  I.  288.),  and  is  attributed  apparently  to 
Archbishop  Whately  : 

"  There  are  many  leading  articles  in  the  newspapers 
and  other  periodicals  of  this  day,  as  spirited  and  as  viru- 
lent as  Junius,  and  the  authorship  of  which  few  know  or 
care  to  inquire  about.  And  if  tlie  authorship  of  Junius 
had  been  known  at  the  time,  or  shortly  after,  the  whole 
matter  would  probably  have  been  totally  lost  sight  of  for 
more  than  half  a  century  past.  But  men  love  guessing  at 
a  riddle.  It  is  not  the  value  of  a  fox,  but  the  difliculty  of 
the  chase,  that  makes  men  eager  fox-hunters." 

This  explanation  of  the  curiosity  about  the 
author  of  the  Letters  of  Junius  seems  to  me  far 
from  satisfactory.  It  is  indeed  certain  that  if  the 
authorship  of  these  letters  had  been  known  at  or 
near  the  time  of  "their  publication,  no  efforts  for 
its  discovery  would  have  been  requisite.^  But  can 
it  be  said  that  the  curiosity  existed  simply  be- 
cause the  authorship  was  unknown  ?  AVhere  are 
we  to  find  the  leading  articles  in  newspapers  and 
other  periodicals  of  the  day  "  as  spirited  and  as 


164 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«><iS.  No35.,AtJG.  30, '56. 


virulent  as  Junius  ?  "  The  newspapers  of  that 
day  contained  no  articles  such  as  are  now  called 
leadinuf  articles.  They  published  news,  and  oc- 
casionally inserted  letters  from  correspondents, 
commenting  on  public  events.  But  original  com- 
positions, similar  to  the  Letters  of  Junius,  were 
not  regularly  published  by  the  newspapers  till 
about  the  beginning  of  this  century.  Moreover, 
if  these  articles  had  appeared  at  the  time,  they 
would  have  been  anonymous  ;  and  if  they  had 
been  written  with  the  same  force  and  pungency  as 
the  Letters  of  Junius,  there  would  doubtless  have 
been  an  equal  curiosity  to  know  their  authors. 

The  merits  of  the  Letters  of  Junius  are  not  of  a 
high  order,  but  they  are  precisely  of  that  nature 
which  rendered  them  effective  as  engines  of  party 
and  personal  attack.  Partly  from  their  style, 
partly  from  their  boldness,  and  partly  from  the 
secret  information  which  their  author  possessed, 
they  produced  a  powerful  influence  at  the  time. 
They  have  ever  since  formed  the  model  for  the 
•writers  of  our  daily  press,  and  the  secret  of  their 
authorship  has  always  continued  to  be  an  interest- 
ing question,  not  simply  because  it  is  a  secret,  but 
because  it  is  a  secret  whicli,  in  the  judgment  of 
the  public,  is  worth  knowing.  L. 


Francis,  Junius.  —  My  attention  was  drawn  to 
the  following  passage  in  reading  Rogers's  Table 
Talk.  It  may  perhaps  be  worth  preserving  among 
your  notes  on  this  subject : 

"  My  own  impression  is  that  the  Letters  of  Junius  were 
written  by  Sir  Philip  Francis.  In  a  speech  which  I  once 
heard  him  deliver  at  the  Mansion  House,  concerning  the 
partition  of  Poland,  I  had  a  striking  proof  that  Francis 
possessed  no  ordinary  powers  of  eloquence."  —  P.  272. 

Query,  Could  any  of  your  correspondents  inform 
me  when  this  speech  was  delivered,  and  where,  if 
at  allj  I  can  find  it  reported  ?     An  Old  Patjune. 


Was  Daniel  Wray  Junius  ?  —  It  is  now  gene- 
rally understood  that  the  claims  of  Sir  Philip 
Francis  as  the  writer  of  the  Letters  of  Junius 
have  been  disproved.  I  therefore  desire  to  draw 
your  attention  to  an  Ingenious  work  by  a  Mr. 
Falconer,  called  The  Secret  Revealed,  published 
in  1830,  at  a  tirtie  when  no  one  would  listen  to 
him,  because  we  were  then  all  Franciscans. 

Who  Mr.  Falconer  was  I  know  not ;  nor  shall 
I  trouble  you  with  his  speculations  generally. 
His  argument  is  to  prove  that  Daniel  Wray  was 
Junius ;  and  he  adduces  one  or  two  facts  which 
are  startling.  What  I  want  is,  that  some  of  your 
ingenious  corresponderlts  would  show  how  the 
*'  marvellous  coincidences,"  as  he  calls  them,  can 
be  explained  without  admitting  the  "  unity  of  aii- 
thorship  ?  " 

It  is  stated  in  the  "  Preliminary  Essay  "  to  the 
edition  of  1812,  that  the  fifty-ninth  letter  is  the 


one  with  which  Junius  had  originally  intended  to 
conclude ;  but  that,  as  Junius  himself  says.  Gar- 
rick's  communication  to  the  King,  "  has  literally 
forced  me  to  break  my  resolution  of  writing  no 
more."  (Vol.  i.  p.  238.)  On  this  Mr.  Falconer 
observes : 

«  On  the  18th  Nov.  1771,  Wray  thus  writes  to  Lord 
Hardwicke :  '  Had  I  persevered  in  that  apparently  wise 
resolution  to  write  no  more,'  &c.  Tliis  in  itself  amounts  tO 
little,  but  1  request  attention  to  what  follows. 

"  The  communication  made  b^'  Garrick  to  the  King, 
announcing  that  Junius  would  write  no  more,  carries  with 
it  still  stronger  evidence  of  Wray's  being  the  architype  of 
Junius.  So  strong,  indeed,  as  to  exclude  all  doubt,  it  is 
presumed,  of  the  fact:  for  VVray  not  only  gives  the  same 
intimation  to  his  correspondent,  Lord  Hardwicke,  but 
actually  assigns  the  very  cause,  and  prefixes  the  precise 
day  on  which  Junius  designed  to  conclude  his  corre- 
spondence in  that  character,  had  he  not  been  forced  by 
Garrick,  as  he  expresses  himself,  to  break  his  resolution 
of  writing  no  more. 

"  The  fifty-ninth  letter  of  Junius,  on  what  the  author 
calls  the  unhappy  differences  which  had  arisen  among  the 
Friends  of  the  People,  is  the  one  with  which  he  had  ori- 
ginally intended  to  conclude.  .  .  That  letter  is  dated 
October  5,  1771.  Six  days  previously  [Sept.  29,  1771] 
(mark  that  J),  Wray  writes  to  Lord  Hardwicke  as 
follows : 

"  * .  .  ,  Nash  will  carry  his  election,  &c.  &c.  These 
proper  attentions  may  satisfy  the  good  people  of  England 
for  a  month,  accompanied  by  the  finishing  dose  of  Junius 
on  Saturday.''  In  perfect  accorcfance  with  this  decided 
intimation,  the  intended  finishing  dose  did  appear.  The 
5th  of  Oct.,  1771,  was  on  a  Saturday." 

1  agree  with  Mr.  Falconer  that  the  coincidence 
is  Startling,  and  I  ask,  how  can  it  be  explained  ? 

An  Enquirer. 


ILLUSTRATIONS  OF   MACAULAT. 

''  The  Plotting  Levite."  — 

With  a  handful  of  Sorrow  and  Grief  I  am  drawn 
To  tell  you  the  truth  of  the  Parsons  at  Land, 
And  a  new  swearing  brood  not  in  Bufl"  but  in 

Lawn, 
The  humble  Devotants  to  Lewis  le  Grand  ; 

Conscience,    Conscience,    nothing  but   Con- 
science 
Nothing  but  Conscience  made  them  forbear, 
Nothing  but  Conscience,  nothing  but  Con- 
science 
Nothing  but  Conscience  made  them  forswean 

A  Council  of  Six,  alt  pious  and  good, 
Jure  divino  every  one. 
For  Popery,  Plotting,  Sedition  and  Blood  ; 
And  praying  devoutly  as  right  as  a  gun  ; 

Conscience,    Conscience,    nothing   but   Con- 
science, 

Nothing  but  Conscience  made  them  to  plot. 

Nothing  but  Conscience,  nothing  but  Con- 
science : 

Honour  and  Loyalty  they  had  forgot. 


2»*  S.  N»  35.,  Aug.  30.  '56.] 


NOTDS  AND  QUERIES. 


m 


Like  tlie  Prophets  of  old,  so  tliey  do  anoint, 
Tlieir  sanctified  Fingers  are  laid  to  the  Work, 
With  Jure  Divino  in  every  joynt, 
'Tis  all  one  to  them  be  he  Cliristian  or  Turk  ; 
Reason,  Reason,  nothing  but  Reason, 
Nothing  but  Reason  they  would  be  at, 
Nothing  but  Reason,  nothing  but  Reason, 
Non-swearing  Parsons  would  bubble  the  State. 

To  bring  in  the  French  whom  now  they  adore, 
Most  piously  they  combin'd  in  a  Plot 
To  murder  the  King  that  sav'd  them  before, 
A  Villany  sure  that  will  ne're  be  forgot ; 
Treason,  Treason,  nothing  but  Treason, 
Nothing  but  Treason  up  to  the  ears. 
Nothing  but  Treason,  nothing  but  Treason, 
Passive  Obedience  in  Colours  appears. 

A  few  years  ago  it  can't  be  forgot, 
Be  certain  Pie  tell  you  no  more  than  is  true, 
'Twas  a  damnable  sin  to  be  found  in  a  Plot, 
As  then  was  observed  by  some  of  their  Crew : 
Ely,  Ely,  Reverend  Ely, 
Reverend  Ely  left  us  i'  th'  lurchj 
Reverend  Ely  and  his  grave  Elders 
Want  French  Dragoons  to  settle  the  Church. 

Our  grave  Elder  Brother^  the  worst  of  the  Four, 
Lies  close  in  liis  Den  like  a  Boar  in  the  Stye, 
The  Blood  of  all  Ireland  lies  at  his  Door, 
And  from  the  Almighty  for  judgment  doth  cry  t 
Ely,  Ely,  William  and  JEly, 
William  and  Ely,  Franck  and  Tom, 
William  and  Ely,  William  and  Elyj 
,    William  and  Ely,  Francis  and  John. 

The  Cut-throat  Petitioners  acted  their  part. 
And  gravely  kept  time  with  the  Plot  and  the  Crew, 
They  wanted  a  Mayor  with  a  Jacobite  heart 
To  Murther  the  King  when  they  found  it  would 
do; 

Dodson,  Dodson,  Dingo  and  Dodson, 
Dingo  and  Dodson,  Coward  and  Fool, 
Dingo  and  Dodson,  Dingo  and  Dodson, 
To  bring  up  the  Rear,  will  serve  for  a  TooL 

No.  1155.  of  the  Collection  of  Proclamations, 
&c.,  presented  to  the  Chetham  Library,  Man- 
chester, by  James  O*  Halliwell,  Esq.,  F.R.S. 

BiBLIOTHECAR.  Ch£THAM. 


Curious  accidentai.  circumstance. 

The  followitig  anecdote  may  be  considered 
worthy  of  being  preserved  in  the  pages  of  "  N.  i& 
Q."  It  was  told  me  by  an  old  gentleman  many 
years  since  deceased,  and  occurred  about  eighty 
years  ago.  I  am  sorry  for  not  having  preserved 
the  particulars  more  minutely,  but  the  matter  of 
fact  may  be  depended  oh. 

The  farm  lease  of  a  tenant  in  the  parish  of 
Cathcart  (near  Glasgow)  was    about   expiring. 


By  this  he  was  thrown  into  difficulties  as  to  work- 
ing his  ground  for  the  crops  of  the  subsequent 
year,  and  also  from  his  lanmOt'd  being  absent  in 
London  without  any  one  knowing  his  address. 
The  farmer,  however,  nothing  daunted,  took  his 
staff  in  his  hand,  and  in  three  weeks  accomplished 
the  distance  entirely  by  a  pedestrian  journey.  He 
arrived  in  the  Metropolis  on  a  Sunday  morning, 
and  was  so  struck  with  the  magnitude  of  the  city, 
and  the  seeming  utter  impossibility  of  discovering 
his  landlord,  that  he  gave  himself  up  to  a  sort  of 
despair.  In  this  perplexity,  finding  himself  near 
a  church,  he  entered!^  it  during  divine  service, 
when,  to  his  astonishment  and  joy,  whom  should 
he  descry  but  his  landlord  in  a  pew  of  the  front 
gallery.  An  appointment  having  been  made  for 
next  day,  the  lease  was  talked  over  and  renewed, 
the  farmer  immediately  left  the  city,  and  in  another 
three  weeks  was  at  his  own  ingle. 

The  probability  is,  that  on  his  travels,  like  the 
cattle  drovers,  he  carried  along  with  him  as  his 
chief  subsistence  his  bag  of  oatmeal,  which,  mixed 
with  cold  water,  composed  the  well-known  mess 
of  crowdie.  In  the  course  of  his  journey  home 
he  halted  in  a  provincial  town  at  the  ordinary  of 
a  qilakeress,  who  set  before  him  for  dinner  a  large 
roast  of  lamb,  which  soon  wholly  disappeared.  On 
inquiring  for  his  bill  the  landlady  in  amazement 
addressed  him  as  follows :  "  Friend,  thou  hast 
surely  not  seen  meat  since  thou  hast  been  in  Scot- 
land ;  that  piece  of  lamb  cost  me  twenty-pence, 
but  it  is  the  rule  of  my  house  not  to  charge  more 
than  eight-pence  for  thy  dinner ;"  and  I  have  no 
doubt  the  canny  Scot  saw  the  propriety  of  not  ex- 
ceeding the  usual  fare.  G.  N. 


THE   NINE   CHURCHES    OF   CHItCOMBE,    NEAR 
WINCHESTER. 

Amongst  the  means  which  have  been  resorted 
to  by  some  local  historians  for  the  purpose  of  en- 
hancing the  glory  of  the  former  metropolis  of 
England,  in  the  times  before  the  Reformation, 
none  have  met  with  so  easy  an  acceptance  as  that 
of  multiplying  the  number  of  churches  which  then 
beautified  Winchester  and  its  neighbourhood. 
Dr.  Milner,  in  the  Appendix  to  his  History  of 
Winchester,  No.  VI.,  after  reckoning  up  ninety- 
two  churches  and  chapels,  all  of  which  he  places 
in  the  city  and  immediate  suburbs,  says  in  a  note, 
that  he  believes  "the  number  of  churches  and 
chapels  was  much  greater  than  those  here  enu- 
merated, especially  before  the  destructive  civil 
war  in  King  Stephen's  reign !  "  The  city,  it  must 
be  remembered,  is  about  half  a  mile  in  length,  and 
somewhat  more  than  three  furlongs  in  breadth ; 
whilst  the  suburbs  —  the  Soke  and  the  Liberties 
—  cannot  have  extended  above  a  quarter  of  a  mile 
beyond  each  gate ;  and,  consequently,  the  largest 


166 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  35.,  Aug.  30.  '56, 


area  that  can  be  assigned  for  this  incredible 
number  of  religious  edifices,  with  all  their  appur- 
tenances, is  one  poor  square  mile  ! 

Perhaps  we  may  gain  a  clue  to  the  facts  of  the 
case  by  the  following  Note.  Adjacent  to  Win- 
chester, on  the  south-east,  lies  the  parish  of  Chil- 
combe,  anciently  Ciltecumbe,  occupying  a  sort  of 
bay  or  basin  between  the  downs,  ending  in  St. 
Giles's  and  St.  Catherine's  Hills.  Of  •  this  parish. 
Sir  Henry  Ellis,  in  his  General  Introduction  to 
Domesday,  vol.  i.  p.  190,  n.^.,  remarks  :  "  It  is  sin- 
gular that  it  should  be  entered  in  the  Survey  as 
having  nine  churches  "  (tom.  i.  fol.  41.)  ;  and  adds, 
"  there  is  no  accounting  for  this,  without  adverting 
to  the  probability  that  it  must  have  formerly  in- 
cluded a  part  of  the  suburb  of  Winchester." 
These  nine  churches  make  a  great  figure  in  all  the 
local  histories ;  though  others  besides  Sir  Henry 
Ellis  have  been  puzzled  to  account  not  only  for 
the  disappearance  of  eight  of  them  without  leaving 
"  a  wrack  behind,"  but  still  more  for  the  existence 
of  so  many  in  a  place  where,  even  in  modern 
times,  the  one  little  Norman  church  amply  suf- 
fices for  the  entire  population  of  the  parish. 

Turning  to  Domesday  we  read  that  the  parish 
was  estimated  at  one  hide  and  sixty- eight  caru- 
cates ;  that  in  the  domain  were  twelve  carucates 
and  thirty  villeins,  and  a  hundred  and  fifteen 
bordarii,  with  fifty-seven  carucates.  Then,  it 
proceeds,  are  nine  "  jecclae,"  and  twenty  serfs,  and 
four  mills,  &c.  Now  the  insertion  of  churches 
between  borderers  and  serfs  is  highly  improbable ; 
but,  instead  of  ecclesice,  read,  as  Mr.  C.  Hook  (a 
gentleman  well  known  to  all  investigators  in  the 
reading-room  of  the  British  Museum)  suggests  to 
me,  ancillcB ;  and  not  only  are  all  the  difficulties 
cleared  away,  but  you  obtain  a  truer  picture  of 
the  condition  of  the  parish,  which  does,  to  this 
day,  as  Sir  Henry  observes,  "  include  a  part  of 
the  suburb  of  Winchester." 

How  much  light  this  correction  might  throw 
upon  some  parts  of  the  Survey,  we  need  not  say  : 
but  we  should  not  employ  it  until  its  value  has 
been  canvassed,  and  the  MSS.  examined,  so  that 
we  may  proceed  upon  sure  grounds  to  substitute 
female  serfs  for  churches  in  those  other  passages  in 
Domesday.  B.  B.  Woodward. 

Bungay,  Suflfolk. 


HAYDONS  NOTES  ON  WATERLOO,  ETC. 

I  beg  leave  to  send  you  the  enclosed  notes,  written  by 
poor  Haydon,  the  painter,  in  the  margin  of  the  volume  of 
Scott's  Prose  Works  containing  "Paul's  Letters  to  his 
Kinsfolk."  He  came  to  this  town  on  a  lecturing  mission, 
at  the  close  of  the  year  1839,  directly  after  his  visit  to 
Walmer  Castle ;  where  his  enthusiastic  feelings  had  been 
excited  to  the  highest  degree  by  a  tolerably  free  inter- 
course with  the  Duke  of  Wellington. 

By  means  of  the  friend  with  whom  lie  was  staying,  he 
procured  the  volume  from  the  library,  and  he  left  his 


mark  upon  it  in  the  form  of  these  characteristic  notes. 
The  edition  is  that  in  12mo.  of  1834. 

Robert  Harrison. 
Leeds  Library. 

To  the  note  at  p.  115.,  about  Guardsman  Shaw,  Hay- 
don adds : — 

"  I  gave  Sir  Walter  this  :  Wilkie  and  I  had  up 
in  my  painting  several  Life-guards  who  were  in 
the  battle  ;  one  Hodgins  heard  some  one  groaning 
in  the  yard  of  La  Haye  Sainte,  where  the  wounded 
had  been  removed.  He  turned,  and  found  Shaw. 
Shaw  said,  '  I  am  dying  ; '  the  other  swooned  away  ; 
but  the  pulling  him  into  a  spring  cart,  to  take  him 
to  Brussels,  at  day-break,  roused  him.  He  turned 
to  look  for  Shaw,  who  was  dead,  with  his  cheek 
lying  on  his  hand.  Shaw  was  a  model  of  mine, 
and  as  strong  as  Hercules.  I  had  5  models  in 
the  battle  :  3  were  killed,  all  distinguished  them- 
selves. I  told  the  Duke  this  at  Walmer,  1839  ; 
and  he  was  much  interested. 

"  B.  R.  Haydon. 
"Dec.  9,  1839,  Leeds." 

To  the  Duke's  remark  at  p.  125.,  "  Never  mind,  we'll 
win  this  battle  yet,"  Haydon  annexes  the  following  ob- 
servation :  — 

"  This  was  the  Austrian  General  Vincent,  Mr. 
Arbuthnot  told  me.  He  said  to  the  Duke,  in  the 
thick  of  the  fight,  'You  have  got  an  infamous 
army.'  '  I  know  it,'  said  the  Duke,  '  but  we'll  win 
the  battle  yet.'  In  his  Dispatches  he  calls  it  '  the 
most  infamous  army  I  have  ever  commanded.' 
See  Dispatches.  —  H." 

The  statement  concerning  the  death  of  Lieut.-Col. 
Canning  elicits  the  following,  p.  126. :  — 

"  Lord  Fitzroy  told  me  the  orderly  who  carried 
the  Duke's  desk  was  killed.  Canning  picked  it 
up,  and  said,  '  What  shall  I  do  with  it  ?'  '  Keep 
it,'  said  Lord  Fitzroy,  '  for  the  Duke.'  Shortly 
after,  he  was  killed.  The  desk  was  found,  rifled, 
the  next  day." 

"  The  friend  of  ours,"  who,  at  p.  128.,  is  said  to  have 
had  the  courage  to  ask  the  Duke  of  Wellington  whether 
he  looked  often  to  the  woods  from  which  the  Prussians 
were  expected  to  issue  — 

"  Was,"  says  Haydon,  "  Sir  Walter  himself, 
when  at  Paris.  He  told  me  so  at  his  own  table : 
and,"  he  continues,  "  I  dined  at  Lord  Palmer- 
ston's  1833.  On  my  right  was  Lord  Hill.  As  he 
lived  at  Westbourne  Green,  and  I  in  Edgeware 
Road,  he  set  me  down.  While  with  him,  as  Sir 
Walter  had  told  me  what  he  asked  the  Duke,  I 
determined  not  to  let  the  moment  slip,  and  said 
to  Lord  Hill :  '  Was  there  any  part  of  the  day 
you  despaired  at  Waterloo,  my  Lord  ? '  '  Never,' 
said  Lord  Hill,  '  there  was  no  panic ;  we  were  a 
little  in  advance,  and  I  had  never  had  for  a 
moment  a  doubt  of  the  result. 

"Thus,  here  is  the  opinion  of  the  first  and 
second  in  command.    Commanders  of  Divisious, 


2°''  S.  No  35.,  Aug.  30.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


167 


Colonels  and  Captains,  are  never  to  be  listened  to. 
They  can't  see  3  feet  before  them :  enveloped  in 
smoke,  blood,  and  wounded,  they  think  it's  all 
goinw  to  ruin,  without  seeing  an  inch  of  the  field. 
"  I  ask  pardon  for  taking  these  liberties  with  a 
book  of  a  public  library  ;  but  having  been  inti- 
mate with  Sir  Walter,  and  known  the  Duke  and 
Lord  Hill,  and  having  met  them,  heard  them 
speak  of  the  battle,  it  is  a  duty  to  add  authentic 
facts  for  the  sake  of  the  Ladies  and  Gentlemen  of 
Leeds.  We  are  passing  away  (this  generation)  ; 
in  a  few  years,  the  Duke  and  Lord  Hill,  and  all 
will  be  gone.  Sir  Walter  has  left  us,  and  then 
these  little  written  additions,  by  one  who  lived  at 
the  time,  may  not  be  without  interest.  I  apolo- 
gise for  the  liberty,  but  must  be  forgiven. 

"  B.  R.  Haydon." 

"  The  Duke  heading  the  final  attack  with  his  hat  in  his 
hand,"  is  corrected  at  p.  139. : 

"  The  Duke  never  took  off  his  hat ;  and  in  ad- 
vance, the  Duke  was  in  the  rear. 

*'  From  Col.  Gurwood,  in  a  letter  whilst 
at  Leeds,  Dec.  12th,  1839. 

"B.  R.  H." 

General  Cambrone's  refusal  of  quarter  with  the  words, 
"  The  Imperial  Guard  can  die,  but  never  surrender,"  is 
thus  annotated,  p.  144. : 

"  I  heard  the  Duke  say,  at  the  very  time  the 
French  made  Cambrone  utter  this  fine  bit  of 
poetry,  he  was  a  prisoner  at  my  quarters.  The 
Duke  said,  'I  didn't  let  him  sup  with  me — he 
broke  his  honour  to  Louis  —  and  I  bowed  him  and 
his  companion  into  another  room.''  At  Walmer, 
Oct.  8  th,  1839. 

»B,  R.  H." 


Minav  JJotc^. 

Alpaca.  —  I  enclose  a  cutting  from  the  Hamp- 
shire Telegr(;yph  of  September  29,  1855.  Should 
this  account  of  the  introduction  of  alpaca  wool 
into  England  be  correct,  it  is  very  possible  that 
at  some  future  time  all  trace  will  be  lost  of  the 
facts :  I  therefore  think  that  a  corner  in  one  of 
your  columns  cannot  be  thrown  away  in  register- 
ing the  manner  of  the  first  importation  of  this 
material  into  this  country,  and  the  name  of  the 
manufacturer  who  discovered  how  to  apply  it : 

"  It  is  said  that  the  first  two  cargoes  of  alpaca  that 
reached  Liverpool  were  brought  over  as  ballast,  and  lay 
for  some  time  unnoticed  in  the  cellars  of  the  broker  to 
whom  they  were  consigned,  and  who  considered  them 
worthless.  A  manufacturer  named  Titus  Salt  discovered 
them  there,  and  took  away  a  sample  to  experiment  upon. 
Shortly  he  returned,  and,  to  the  astonishment  of  the 
broker,  bought  up  all  that  he  had,  at  M.  per  pound. 
Now  see  the  result,  in  an  import  considerably  above 
2,000,000  lbs.  annually,  in  an  advance  of  from  lOd.  to 
2s.  6d.  per  pound,  and  in  a  branch  of  manufactures  pro- 
ducing an  immense  variety  of  goods,  new  to  the  markets 
of  the  world,  employing  profitably  the  labour  of  thou- 


sands, and  not  only  sustaining  some  of  our  largest  fac- 
tories, but  actually  creating  new  towns." 

Haughmond. 
Southampton. 

[Mr.  William  Walton  gives  a  somewhat  different  ac- 
count of  the  introduction  of  the  alpaca  into  England. 
He  says,  "  The  first  person  in  this  country  who  intro- 
duced a  marketable  fabric  made  from  this  material  was 
Mr.  Benjamin  Outram,  a  scientific  manufacturer  of  Greet- 
land,  near  Halifax,  who  about  1829  sold  it  at  a  very  high 
price,  in  the  form  of  ladies'  carriage-shawls  and  cloak- 
ings,  as  curiosities.  No  quantity  of  the  wool  existing  in 
England,  he  was  obliged  to  procure  a  small  supply  from 
Peru,  and  gradually  the  articles  manufactured  with  it 
came  into  notice.  In  1832,  Messrs.  Hegan,  Hall,  &  Co., 
spirited  merchants  in  Liverpool,  convinced  from  their 
superiority  that  these  new  manufactures  would  ere  long 
come  into  fashion,  directed  their  agents  in  Peru  to  pur- 
chase and  ship  over  to  them  all  the  parcels  of  alpaca  wool 
they  could  meet  with,  and  thus  was  laid  the  foundation 
of  that  valuable  and  growing  trade  in  this  article  which 
has  since  risen  up The  greatest  share  of  the  spin- 
ning and  weaving  of  this  article  falls  to  Bradford,  where 
great  credit  is  due  to  Mr.  Titus  Salt,  through  whose  in- 
telligence and  perseverance  the  spinning  of  alpaca  wool 
has  been  brought  to  perfection." — The  Alpaca,  by  W. 
Walton,  1844,  p.  65.] 

A  Drawing  of  the  Lord  Mayor^s  Show  in  1453. 
—  Mr.  Fairholt,  in  his  Lord  Mayors'  Pageants, 
printed  for  the  Percy  Society,  1843  (part  i.  p.  8.), 
speaking  of  "  Sir  John  Norman,  the  first  Lord 
Mayor  that  was  rowed  in  his  barge  to  Westmin- 
ster, with  silver  oars  at  his  owne  cost  and 
charges,"  has  this  note  : 

"  Gough,  in  his  British  Topography,  vol.  i.  p.  675.,  says, 
*  there  is  a  drawing  of  his  show  on  the  river  in  the  Pe- 
pysian  Library.' " 

A  drawing  of  the  Lord  Mayor's  Show  in  1453 
would  certainly  be  a  great  curiosity,  but  I  am  In- 
clined to  think  that  no  such  representation  exists. 
Mr.  Fairholt  has  misquoted  Gough,  whose  words 
are,  "  there  Is  a  drawing  of  the  show,"  not  his 
show ;  and  do  not  refer  to  any  show  in  particular. 
Gough's  note  is  loosely  written,  but  this  is  evi- 
dently his  meaning.  Edwaed  F.  Rimbault. 

Anecdote  of  Prior.  —  The  following  passage  is 
copied  from  An  Historical  Guide  to  the  Town  of 
Wimborne  Minster,  Dorsetshire,  second  edition, 
1853,  p.  30. : 

"  There  is  a  fine  copy  of  Sir  Walter  Raleigh's  History 
of  the  World  in  this  old  library,  and  local  tradition  at- 
taches an  interesting  anecdote  to  this  book.  It  is  said 
the  poet  Prior  used  to  read  here  often ;  and  once  when 
poring  over  the  book  in  question  on  a  winter  evening,  he 
fell  asleep,  and  the  candle,  falling  from  the  tin  sconce  of 
the  desk  upon  the  middle  of  the  open  book,  burned  slowly 
a  round  hole  through  it,  may  be  a  hundred  pages,  rather 
more  than  less.  The  smoke  of  the  smouldering  paper 
aroused  the  weary  student.  A  hand  would  have  been 
sufficient  to  cover  the  damage  and  put  out  the  fire ;  and 
probably  in  this  way  it  was  extinguished.  We  may 
imagine,  however,  the  dismay  at  the  mischief  done  to  a 
book  costly  even  now,  but  then  of  a  much  higher  mone- 
tary value.    The  paina  taken  to  remedy  the  defeats  marks 


168 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'>'iS.No35.,Aua  80. '66. 


the  value  in  which  the  book  was  held-  Pieces  of  writing 
paper,  about  the  size  of  half-a-crown,  are  very  neatly- 
pasted  into  the  holes,  and  the  words  needed  to  supply  the 
sense  are  transcribed  from  the  memory,  and  it  is  said,  in 
the  handwriting  of  Prior." 

This  is  an  interesting  anecdote  of  the  poet,  if 
true  ;  but  the  evidence  is  not  greatly  in  its  favour. 
The  bibliographical  readers  of  "N.  &  Q."  will 
smile  at  the  writer's  idea  of  the  market  value  of  a 
copy  of  Raleigh's  History  of  the  World! 

Edward  F.  Rimbault. 

Plagiarism  hy  Sir  Walter  Scott.  —  In  S.  C. 
Hall's  Bopk  of  British  Ballads,  Second  Series, 
p.  416.,  we  are  told  that  "  Sir  Walter  Scott  added 
to  the  ballad  of '  Auld  Robin  Gray '  the  following 
verse,  in  which  it  will  be  perceived  that  he  has 
borrowed  ?in  idea  frpm  the  'Continuation'"  (of 
the  ballad)  : 

"  Nae  langer  she  wept,  her  tears  were  a'  spent, 
Despair  it  was  come,  and  she  thought  it  content ; 
She  thought  it  content,  but  her  cheek  it  grew  pale. 
And  she  droop'd  like  a  lily  broke  down  by  the  hail." 

The  lines  in  the  "  Continuation  "  are,  — 

"Though  ne'er  a  word  he  said,  his  cheek  said  mair 
than  a'. 
It  wasted  like  a  brae  o'er  which  the  torrents  fa'." 

The  thought  and  words  plagiarised  by  Sir 
Walter  Scott  are  from  Tickell's  poem  of  Colin 
and  Lucy,  the  third  stanza,  and  run  thus  : 

"  Oh !  have  j'ou  seen  a  lily  pale. 
When  beating  rains  descend? 
So  droop'd  the  slow-consuming  maid, 
Her  life  now  near  its  end." 

Your  readers  are  doubtless  familiar  with  the 
exquisite  paraphrase  of  these  lines  by  Vincent 
Bourne : 

"  Vidistin'  (quin  sfepe  vides !)  ut  languida  marcent 
Lilia,  quae  subitsc  prsegravat  imber  aquae? 
Lento  sic  periit  tabo,  sic  p^Uuit  ilia. 
Ad  finem  extremo  jam  properante  die." 

JUVERNA,  M.A. 

WomerCs  Entrances  in  Churches.  —  In  Brewer's 
Oxfordshire  (p.  443.),  the  following  occurs  : 

"  The  principal  entrance  of  the  church  [Stanton  Har- 
court]  is  by  a  round-headed  arch,  on  one  side  of  which 
is  a  small  stone  receptacle  for  holy  water.  At  a  small 
distance  is  another  door,  used  by  the  women  only,  as, 
from  a  custom  of  immemorial  standing,  they  never  pass 
through  the  same  entrance  with  the  men." 

The  separation  of  the  sexes  in  church  is  not 
uncommon  ;  but  do  any  other  examples  of  sepa- 
rate entrances  for  each  sex  exist  ? 

R.  W.  Hackwood. 

Library  at  St.  Mary's,  Marlborough.  —  The 
following  is  extracted  from  a  terrier  of  the  lands 
and  profits  of  the  above  yicarage,  taken  in  the 
year  1698:  — 

"  Item.  The  Library  of  Mr.  White,  late  Rector  of  Pusey, 
in  the  county  of  Berks,  given  to  Cornelius  Yeate  and  his 


successors,  Vicars  of  St.  Marie's  in  Marlborough,  which 
Books  are  now  in  the  possession  of  the  said  Mr.  Yeate 
till  a  more  convenient  place  can  be  assigned  for  them, 
and  the  Catalogues  of  the  Books  is  in  tlie  Chest  of  the 
Mayor  and  Magistrates." 

This  library  is  still  preserved  in  excellent  con- 
dition, and  is  lodged  in  the  vicarage  house.  Mr. 
Yeate  was  instituted  to  the  benefice  in  1677,  and 
resigned  it  in  1707,  when  he  had  been  for  some 
time  archdeacon  of  Wilts.  Patonce. 

Forensic  Wit.  —  Some  years  ago  an  action  was 
brought,  at  Cardiff  Assizes,  by  a  rich  plaintiff 
against  a  poor  defendant,  who  was  unable  to  pay 
a  counsel,  when  Abraham  Moore,  Esq.,  of  Exeter, 
a  barrister,  volunteered  to  defend  him,  and  Jekyll 
wrote  this : 

"  Dives  and  Lazarus. 

"  Dives,  the  Cardiff  Bar  retains. 
And  counts  their  learned  noses. 
Whilst  the  defendant  Lazarus 
On  Abraham's  breast  reposes !  " 

In  a  cause  tried  at  Exeter  Assizes,  some  years 
ago,  Serjeant  Pell  kept  cross-questioning  an  old 
woman,  trying  to  elicit  from  her  that  a  tender  had 
been  made  for  some  premises  in  dispute  ;  when 
Jekyll  threw  a  scrap  of  paper  across  the  table, 
directed  to  him,  containing  these  lines  : 

"  Cease,  Brother  Pell,  that  tough  old  jade 
Will  never  prove  a  tender  maid." 


Chudleigt. 


W.  COX-LTNS,  M.R.C.S. 


€i\itneg. 


GENEALOGICAL   QUERIES. 

Family  of  Herbert.  —  A  branch  of  the  Herbert 
family  (bearing  for  their  coat  per  pale  az.  and  gu. 
3  lions  ramp,  with  a  mullet  for  difference,  ar.  and 
crest  a  wivern  with  wings  displayed  vert,  holding 
in  its  mouth  a  sinister  hand  couped  at  the  wrist,  gu., 
on  the  neck  a  collar  and  chain,  or)  was  settled  in 
Warwickshire  in  the  sixteenth  century,  at  Stretton- 
on-Dunsmore,  Astley,  Princethorpe,  and  Chilvers- 
coton.  The  earliest  will  in  the  diocesan  registry  is 
that  of  Thomas  Herbert  of  Chilverscoton,  dated 
1574,  at  which  date  his  son,  John  Herbert,  pur- 
chased an  estate  at  Stretton,  now  possessed  by  his 
descendants.  He  died  in  1603,  setat.  eighty,  and 
was  buried  at  Stretton  (vid.  Dugdale),  leaving  by 
Agnes  ?  his  wife,  Thomas  Herbert,  who  succeeded 

him,  and  died  in  1642,  leaving  by  his  wife ? 

a  first  son,  Thomas  Herbert*,  who  married  Ca- 
therine Jennens,  daughter  of  James  Jennens,  and 
a  second  son.  Captain  William  Herbert,  who  dying 
s.  p.  V.  in  1694,  by  his  will  endowed  the  vicarage 
of  Stretton,  which  was  thereupon   severed  from 

*  Whose  brother,  Richard  Jennens,  was  High  Sheriff 
of  Berks  ?    His  descendants,  if  any  ? 


2»*S.  NoaS-jAuo.  80. '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


1«$ 


Wolston,  and  constituted  a  separate  parish  by  Act 
of  Parliament.  The  granddaughter  of  the  last- 
named  Thomas  Herbert,  the  heiress  of  this  family, 
married,  in  1726,  William  Noyes,  Esq.,  one  of  the 
Six  Clerks  in  Chancery.  It  being  premised  that 
the  inquirer  has  searched  carefully  both  Fines  and 
Subsidy  Rolls,  the  Query  is,  can  it  be  ascertained 
(from  any  source  accessible  to  any  contributor  to 
"  N.  &  Q.")  at  what  period  this  branch  of  the 
great  Herbert  family  derived  from  the  parent 
stock  in  Monmouthshire,  Salop,  or  Wilts?  (for 
they  also  possessed  an  estate  at  Long  Wittenham, 
in  Berks  and  Wilts).  Who  were  the  wives  of  the 
first-named  Thomas,  John,  and  Thomas  Herbert, 
and  how  were  they  related  to  the  Chamberlaynes, 
lords  of  the  manors  of  Chilverscoton  and  Priuce- 
thorpe,  to  whom,  as  his  cousins  and  executors, 
Captain  William  ]3erbert  left  the  advowson  of  the 
church  of  Stretton  ? 

Family  of  Noyes  of  ErcJifont,  Co.  Wilts^  and 
Andover,  Co.  Hants.  —  Coat  :  Azure,  3  cross 
crosslets  in  bend.  arg.  Crest :  on  a  cap  of  maiut. 
a  dove  ppr.  holding  in  the  beak  an  olive  branch, 
vert.  The  family  tradition  runs  that  this  name  was 
originally  Noye,  of  Norman  origin,  and  it  bears 
the  same  arms  as  those  of  Noye  in  the  Visitation 
of  Cornwall.  In  the  14  &  15  Hen.  VIII.,  Wil- 
liam Noyes  of  Erchfont  was  assessed  for  the  sub- 
sidy at  80Z.,  and  paid  41.  yearly.  In  1540  he  be- 
came possessed  of  the  prebend  of  Erchfont  with 
its  dependencies,  and  died  in  1557,  leaving  by  his 
will,  proved  at  Doctors'  Commons  in  that  year, 
considerable  property  among  a  numerous  family, 
of  whom  John  was  M.  P.  for  Calne,  a.d.  16(K), 
and  Robert,  the  eldest,  who  succeeded  to  the  pre- 
bend, having  purchased  in  1574  for  his  eldest 
son,  another  Robert  Noyes,  the  manor  and  estate 
of  King's  Hatherdene,  in  Weyhill,  near  Andover. 
His  cousin  |and  executor,  Peter  Noyes,  also  of 
Weyhill  and  Andover,  is  the  first  of  the  family 
who  is  recorded  in  the  Visitation  of  Berks,  in 
which  county  his  descendants  possessed  for  many 
generations  the  estate  of  Trunkwell  in  the  parish 
of  Shinfield,  acquired  by  a  marriage  with  Agnes, 
daughter  and  heiress  of  John  Noyes  of  that  place, 
who  ob.  1607. 

Query,  1.  If  this  name  was  originally  Noye, 
and  of  Norman  origin,  whence  is  it  derived,  and 
at  what  period  did  the  fiin)ily  come  over  to  Eng- 
land? 

2.  Is  there  any  trace  of  it  in  Court  Rolls  or 
other  sources  previous  to  1524,  the  period  of  the 
first  Subsidy  Roll  after  the  reign  of  Edward  III. 
which  gives  the  names  of  contributors  ? 

3.  It  appears  from  letters  and  papers  of  John 
Noyes,  M.  P.  for  Calne,  tliat  he  was  a  cousin  of 
the  Ducketts,  an  ancient  Wilts  family,  now 
baronets,  one  of  whom  succeeded  him  in  the  re- 
presentaiiou  of  Calne,  and  who,  according  to  the 


obituary  of  the  last  baronet  recently  in  the  IlluS'^ 
trated  London  News,  are  said  to  possess  very  an- 
cient family  muniments.  Query,  What  was  the 
relationship,  and  are  any  of  the  matclics  of  the 
Noyes  of  Erchfont  traceable  ? 

4.  The  manor  of  Blackswell  in  Chute  and 
Chepenbury,  &c.,  and  very  extensive  estates  in 
that  neighbourhood,  were  purchased  by  a  William 
Noyes  in  1614,  and  it  appears  by  the  inquisitio 
post  mortem  of  Joan,  his  widow,  in  1631,  that  she 
died  at  Weyhill,  leaving  a  son  and  heir,  William, 
and  that  Pe^eriV<>?/e5  delivered  the  inquisition  into 
court. 

Query,  What  relation  was  this  William  Noyes 
and  Joan  his  wife  to  Peter  aod  Robert  of  Weyhill 
and  Erchfont  ? 

5.  Peter  Noyes  of  Aijdover,  the  first-mentioned 
in  the  Visitation,  who  wi^  living  in  1646,  as  ap- 
pears by  the  records  of  a  chancery  suit  then  in 
progress  with  the  widow  of  his  eldest  son,  had  a 
second  son,  Richard,  not  named  in  the  Visitation, 
but  who  was  married  and  had  issue  (wanted  to 
trace  his  descendants,  if  any)  :  he  had  also  ^ 
daugliter,  Joyce,  married  to  the  Rev.  Robert 
Wilde,  D.D.,  who  was  living  in  1668.  Query, 
Was  this  the  great  Presbyterian  poet  of  the  same 
name  and  period  ?  or  if  not,  what  is  known  of 
him  and  his  descendants  ?  Memob. 


MISSING    EECOEDS  :     THE    DISTRIBUTION   BOOKS    OF 
IRELAND. 

"  No.  26.  Lord  Mountgcarret,  Ir.  Pap.,  Part  of  Rameen 
duffe,  26  acres,  granted  to  L<i  Mountgarret  after  reprise. 
Certificate  dated  Nov.  16,  1666. 

"  No.  23.  Cath.  Archer  alias  Grace.  Ir.  Pap.,  Boot- 
stoun  under  Down  Survey,  profitable  236  acres,  of  which 
122*  1p  were  granted  by  certificate  to  Sir  Francis  Gore, 
May  11, 1666.  Remainder  118»  3p  granted  by  certiiicate 
to  Richard  Coote,  Oct.  8,  1666." 

The  above  are  copies  of  extracts  niade  about 
the  yearil830  from  one  of  the  volumes  mentioned 
at  the  head  of  this  article,  then  in  the  evidence 
chamber  of  Kilkenny  Castle.  The  books  were 
large  folio,  and  are  supposed  to  have  been  the 
only  copy  existing  in  Ireland  out  of  the  Record 
Department,  Custom  House,  Dublin  (where  the 
originals  are  preserved,  extending  I  believe  to 
eighteen  or  twenty  volumes).  The  copy  which 
had  been  in  the  possession  of  the  Ormonde  family 
has  been  lost;  it  is  feared,  stolen.  Should  any 
of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  be  able  to  identify 
the  books  as  existing  in  any  collection,  public  or 
private  (it  is  supposed  that  the  third  and  oidy 
other  copy  of  those  important  records  is  in  Paris, 
having  been  taken,  along  with  the  vessel  that 
carried  it,  by  a  French  privateer  in  transit  to 
England),  and  be  able  to  give  sucl^  information, 
publicly  or  privately,  as  may  lead  to  the  know- 
ledge of  their  present  place  of  existence,  if  not 


176 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'>d  S.  N-*  35.,  Aug.  30.  '56. 


their  recovery,  such  informant  will  be  entitled 
to  thanks  ;  and,  if  so  desired,  suhstantial  marks  of 
gratitude  from  the  present  representative  of  the 
Ormonde  family,  by  whose  desire  these  lines  are 
inserted.  James  Graves,  Clk. 

Kilkenny. 


GAPS   IN    ENGLISH   HISTOKY. 

Fernando  Colombo  and  Henry  VII.  —  It  has 
not  been  generally  adverted  to,  that  amongst  the 
several  offers  which  the  great  world-discoverer 
made  to  the  Republic  of  Genoa,  to  Spain,  &c.,  the 
dispatching  of  his  own  brother  to  London  on  a 
similar  errand  is  of  much  interest.  Fernando 
stayed  a  long  time  here,  (I  think  si^  months  or 
more),  during  which  many  communications  must 
have  been  made  by  him  to  the  Court,  Admiralty, 
&c.,  as  the  claims  and  demands  of  Christopher 
were  not  trifling,  some  of  them  puny.  He  con- 
stantly insisted  on  the  admiralship  {el  Admiralaseo) 
of  the  discovered  lands  to  be  granted  to  his  family 
for  ever ;  although  he  might  have  known,  even 
from  the  history  of  the  kings  of  Rome,  that  there 
is  no  lease  in  perpetuity  of  the  kind.  However 
this  may  have  been,  the  reasons  adduced  by  the 
Colombos  for  the  existence  of  the  great  western 
land  must  have  been  cogent.  The  Court  stretched 
out  the  hand  to  conclude  the  bargain,  but  —  il  etoit 
trop  tard !  In  the  meantime  the  mystical  affair 
of  Rabida  had  come  to  pass  ;  the  New  World  be- 
longed for  awhile  to  Old  Spain,  &c.  There  is  a 
bit  of  immortality  for  any  one  who  will  search  the 
State  Paper  Office  or  Trinity  House  archives  for 
these  surely  yet  existing  documents.  The  private 
archives  of  the  then  high  admiral  would  be  also 
a  very  likely  place  to  find  them. 

The  Parliament  and  Education  (2"''  S.  i.  470.) — 
When  in  1637  the  tract  on  John  Amos  Comenius, 
Conatuum  Comenianorum  Prceludia,  appeared  in 
Oxford,  this  was  really  only  a  prceludium  of  what 
happened  afterwards.  Q'he  following  (scanty) 
passage,  extracted  from  the  great  Cyclopedia  of 
Ersch  and  Gruher,  may  induce  English  searchers 
to  go  further  into  the  matter,  and  to  clear  up  a 
most  important  incident  of  English  and  European 
Culture-History  : 

"  Subsequently  the  English  Parliament  called  upon 
him  [Comenius]  to  undertake  the  arrangement  (Ein- 
richtung)  of  their  schools  {Schulwesen)  1 1  Comenius 
obej-ed  the  call.  He  arrived  in  1641  in  London,  over- 
whelmed with  demonstrations  of  respect.  But  internal 
commotions,  which  placed  mighty  impediments  in  his 
way,  induced  him  to  leave  England." 

But  the  publication  of  tracts  and  books  lasted 
uninterruptedly  up  to  1659,  and  even  in  1777  a 
book  of  Comenius  has  been  printed  here.  Never 
before  nor  since  had  any  foreigner  connected 
his  name   with   the  history   of  England   as  Co- 


menius (alias  Komensky)'has  done.     We  are  but 
pigmies  compared  with  such  a  man. 

J,  LoTSKY,  Panslave. 
15.  Gower  Street. 


DR.  TIMOTHY   THURSCROSSE. 

In  the  will  and  its  codicils  of  Barnabas  Oley, 
the  worthy  Vicar  of  Great  Gransden  in  Hunting- 
donshire, we  have  the  following  notices  of  the  Dr. 
Timothy  Thurscrosse,  respecting  whom  some  few 
particulars  were  elicited  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  1*'  S.  ii. 
441.  484.;  iii.  44..: 

"  Item.  I  give  all  those  books  that  I  took  out  of  Dr. 
Timothy  Thurscrosse  his  library  to  his  kinsman,  Mr. 
Marmaduke  Flathers,  Vicar  of  North  Grimston,  for  his 
use  during  his  life,  provided  he  give  security  to  the  town 
to  leave  them  safe  for  the  use  of  his  successors,  Vicars  of 
North  Grimston  in  Yorkshire,  and  that  every  Vicar  do  so 
successively,  or  else  forfeit  the  books  to  the  Vicar  of  the 
poorest  parish  within  Ave  miles  of  North  Grimston,  to  be 
taken  by  that  poor  Vicar,  and  recovered  by  course  of  law 
upon  the  same  conditipns  that  I  gave  them  to  the  Vicar 
of  North  Grimston." 

In  the  second  codicil  these  books  are  thus 
noticed : 

"  Bj'  Dr.  Thurscrosse  his  books  mentioned  in  my  Will, 
I  mean  and  declare  the  same  shall  be  known  to  be  such 
books  as  after  my  death  shall  be  found  in  my  study 
marked  or  inscribed  to  have  been  his  the  said  Doctor's, 
and  none  other.  And  I  will  and  desire  the  said  books 
shall  be  so  settled  and  secured  by  articles  to  be  made  be- 
tween my  executors  and  the  Vicar  and  Churchwardens  of 
North  Grimston  in  Yorkshire,  that  the  same  may  be 
placed  in  some  convenient  room  or  library  for  the  use  of 
the  Vicars  therein  and  their  successors  for  ever,  without 
power  to  remove  or  embezzle  the  same,  in  such  manner 
as  my  executors  shall  in  discretion  think  fit  before  the 
said  books  be  parted  with  out  of  their  possession." 

Again,  in  the  third  codicil  we  read  : 

"  I  do  humbly  entreat  both  my  honored  friend  William 
Thursby  and  any  other  the  one  or  two  that  he  shall  chuse 
to  assist  him,  to  have  a  care  of  the  books :  those  in  my 
study  upon  the  right  hand  here  behind  the  door  are  the 
books  which  I  took  as  a  legacy  given  myself  out  of  his 
library  (I  might  have  taken  as  many  as  I  would)  by  his 
Will  to  dispose  of  where  I  would —  his  Will,  I  mean  the 
Will  of  Dr.  Timothy  Thurscrosse  of  blessed  memory. 
These  I  have  given  to  Mr.  Thomas  Langlej',  a  worthy 
friend  and  an  honest  attorney  of  Furnival's  Inn  in  London 
to  be  preserved  for  the  use  of  the  present  Vicar  of  North 
Grimston,  and  his  successors  for  ever." 

Mr.  Thursby,  the  executor,  has  added  the  fol- 
lowing note  to  the  extract  from  the  second  codicil, 
"  This  I  have  performed."  Query,  Are  these 
books  at  present  in  the  custody  of  the  Vicar  of 
North  Grimston  ?  J.  Yeowell. 


Minor  <k\itvitS. 

Cambridge  Clods.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
inform  me  where  it  h  likely  I  can  get  a  sight  of 


2»d  S.  N«  35.,  Aug.  30.  '56.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


171 


the  "  caricature  prints  "  mentioned  in  the  follow- 
ing extract  from  Caulfield's  Remarkable  Persons, 
1819?  — 

"About  thirty  years  since  two  characters,  equally 
singular  in  their  way,  resided  in  Cambridge;  Paris,  a 
well-known  bookseller,  and  Jackson,  a  bookbinder,  and 
principal  bass  singer  at  Trinity  College  Chapel  in  that 
University.  These  two  gentlemen,  who  were  both  re- 
markably corpulent,  were  such  small  consumers  in  the 
article  of  bread,  that  their  abstemiousness  in  that  parti- 
cular was  generally  noticed ;  but  to  make  amends,  they 
gave  way  to  the  greatest  excess  and  indulgence  of  their 
appetites  in  meat,  poultry,  and  fish,  of  almost  every  de- 
scription. And  one  day  having  taken  an  excursion,  in 
walking  a  few  miles  from  home,  they  were  overtaken  by 
hunger,  and  on  entering  a  public-house,  the  only  pro- 
vision they  could  procure  was  a  clod  of  beef,  weighing 
near  fourteen  pounds,  which  had  been  a  day  or  two  in 
salt,  and  this  these  two  moderate  bread  consumers  con- 
trived to  manage  between  them  broiled,  assisted  by  a  due 
proportion  of  buttered  potatoes  and  pickles.  The  land- 
lord of  the  house  having  some  knowledge  of  his  guests, 
the  story  got  into  circulation,  and  the  two  worthip5  were 
ever  after  denominated  the  '  Cambridge  Clods ! '  Several 
caricature  prints  made  their  appearance  on  the  occasion ; 
but  the  best  likeness  of  Mr.  Jackson  is  from  a  drawing 
taken  by  Silvester  Harding,  representing  him,  when  ad- 
vanced in  years,  seated  in  a  large  wicker  chair." 

Henry  Kensington. 

Miles  the  subject  of  an  Acrostic.  —  Of  what 
"  Miles  "  was  the  following  acrostic  written,  when, 
and  by  whom  ? 

"  Magnanimus  in  adversitate, 
Ingenuus  in  consanguinitate, 
Largifiuus  in  honestate, 
Egregius  in  curialitate,  et 
Strenuus  in  virili  probitate." 

Threlkeld. 

George  M.  Hvnter.  —  Is  anything  known  re- 
garding an  author  of  the  name  of  George  M. 
Hunter,  who  published  Louis  and  Antoinette,  a 
tragedy,  in  1794?  R.J. 

*'  Earl  Haroldr —  Who  is  the  author  of  Earl 
Harold^  a  tragedy,  published  by  Fraser  in  1837  ? 

R.J. 

Suffrages  at  End  of  Litany.  —  Before  the  last 
two  suffrages  at  the  end  of  the  Litany  in  Book  of 
Common  Prayer  are  prefixed  respectively  the 
words  Priest  and  Answer.  No  such  prefix  occurs 
in  the  case  of  the  other  suffrages  here.  In  the 
previous  editions  of  the  Litany  Versicle  and  An- 
swer are  similarly  placed  here,  but  not  before  the 
other  suffrages.  Why  is  this  ?  Was  there  ori- 
ginally any  distinction  in  the  manner  of  singing 
the  words  "  O  Lord,  let  Thy  mercy  be  shewed 
upon  us  ; "  "  As  we  do  put  our  trust  in  Thee," 
from  that  of  the  other  versicles  and  responds  in 
this  place  ?  A.  A.  D. 

The  Lord  Dean  of  York.  —  In  a  letter  written 
by  Rogers,  suffragan  of  Dover,  to  Mr.  Bois,  the 
civilian,  dated  "  Sothewark,  the  7th  of  December," 


the  year  uncertain,  but  published  by  Strype  {An- 
nals of  Reformation,  vol.  iv.  p.  432.,  Oxford,  1824), 
sub  an.  1597,  the  year  of  Rogers's  death,  I  find 
the  following  passage : 

"  I  could  allege  an  old  suffragan,  Dean  of  York ;  by 
whom  the  Dean  of  that  church  came  to  be  first  called 
Lord  Dean ;  whose  leases  of  things  appertaining  to  that 
deanery,"  &c. 

Upon  this  passage  I  should  be  glad  to  ask  two 
questions,  viz. : 

1.  Who  was  the  "old  suffragan,  Dean  of 
York?" 

2.  For  how  long  a  period  did  the  York  Chapter 
decorate  its  dean  with  this  borrowed  plume  ? 

Possibly  the  last  edition  of  Strype  may  have  a 
note  at  this  place  ;  but  in  the  country  I  have  not 
access  to  that  edition. 

Might  it  not  be  worth  inquiry  also,  whether 
Rogers  is  correct  in  ascribing  the  origination  of 
this  honorary  title  to  the  bishop-dean  in  question  ? 
Or  whether  it  was  not,  in  fact,  a  title  assumed  as 
early  as  when  the  primacy  was  a  subject  of  dis- 
pute between  the  two  archbishops,  and  when  the 
Mayor  of  York  first  rivalled  his  brother  of  London 
in  the  like  distinction  ?  J.  Sansom. 

Fenton  of  Milnearne,  Perthshire.  —  Looking 
over  the  pedigree  of  a  Scotch  family  some  time 
ago,  I  met  with  the  name  of  this  family.  Can 
any  of  your  readers  inform  me  if  this  was  a  family 
of  any  standing  or  importance  in  Perthshire  ? 
what  arms  they  bore  ?  or  where  I  can  find  any 
account  of  them  ?  Sigma  Theta, 

Greek  and  English  New  Testament.  —  Edward 
Nares,  in  the  preface  to  his  remarks  on  the  Im- 

E roved  Version  of  the  New  Testament,  says  he 
ad  met  with  a  Greek  and  English  New  Testa- 
ment, published  in  1715  and  1718,  the  text  of 
which  he  had  collated  more  than  once  with  what 
Griesbach  afterwards  published  in  his  second 
edition,  and  found  nothing  but  the  most  trivial 
differences.     What  edition  does  Nares  mean  ? 

M. 
ChattertorC s  Portrait.  —  In  the  Life  of  Gains- 
borough, by  G.  W.  Fulcher,  it  is  related  that 
during  the  interval  between  1768  and  1773,  when 
he  declined  sending  specimens  of  his  paintings  to 
the  Royal  Academy,  that  wonderful  youth  Chat- 
terton,  "  the  sleepless  soul  that  perished  in  his 
pride,"  sat  to  Gainsborough  for  his  portrait,  and 
that  it  was  a  masterpiece.  As  I  consider  myself 
to  have  been  a  Bristolian  of  forty  years'  standing, 
and  possessor  of  a  very  extensive  collection  of 
MSS.  and  books  relative  to  the  Chattertonian 
controversy,  may  I  be  allowed  to  inquire  with 
some  anxiety,  whether  any  of  the  descendants  of 
Gainsborough,  or  your  correspondents,  can  give 
me  any  information  into  whose  hands  this  portrait 
may  have  fallen  ?     There  is  an  engraving  of  Chat- 


IT? 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°<i  S.  No  35.,  ApG,  30.  '56. 


terton's  portrait  prefixed  to  Mr.  Dix's  life  of  bim, 
wiio  states  that  the  original  painting  is  in  the  pos- 
session of  the  late  Mr.  Braikenridge,  of  Bristol. 
Plappening  to  know  the  history  of  this  presumed 
portrait,  and  that  it  was  not  painted  for  Chatter- 
ton,  but  some  youth  in  Bristol,  name  unknown, 
and  that  it  was  picked  up  at  an  old  clothes  shop 

in  the  Pithay  in  that  city,  by (I  wish  not  to 

mention  the  name),  I  feel  myself  compelled  to  dis- 
abuse the  public  mind  that  Dix's  engraving  is  a 
portrait  of  Chatterton,  and  lament  to  say  that 
such  a  collector  of  Bristol  antiquities  as  Mr. 
Braikenridge  was,  was  grossly  imposed  upon. 

J.  M.  Q. 
Worcester. 

JBaih  Characters  at  the  heginning  of  this  Cen- 
tury. —  A  few  days  since  I  accidentally  met  with 
an  8vo.  volume  entitled  Bath  Characters;  or. 
Sketches  from  Life,  by  Peter  Paul  Pallet,  the 
third  edition,  London,  1808,  pp.  about  200. 

The  nobility,  clergy,  distinguished  singers, 
dilettanti,  gamblers,  and  in  short  all  such  persons 
as  then  frequented  that,  the  most  fashionable 
watering-place,  as  well  as  those  resident  in  the 
place,  are  exhibited  by  the  author,  who  is  evi- 
dently a  scholar ;  and  who,  while  he  satirises  the 
follies  and  different  absurdities  of  the  beau  monde, 
does  so  judiciously,  and  witliout  rancour  or  acri- 
mony. As  the  work  must  have  created  a  sensation 
at  the  time,  I  should  thank  any  reader  of  "  N.  & 
Q."  who  can  inform  me  who  was  the  author  of  it  ? 
and  also,  if  there  should  be  a  Key  to  the  characters 
published,  where  I  may  find  it  ?  A. 

Jhbetsan  and  John  Smith,  Artists.  —  In  the 
Gamut,  or  Accidence  of  Painting  in  Oil,  by  Julius 
Cajsar  Ibbetson,  published  in  1803,  the  author, 
alluding  to  an  account  of  his  life,  proceeds  : 

"  But  I  will  not  impose  it  on  the  world  at  present,  it 
belonging  more  immediately  to  a  work  for  which  I  have 
collected  a  prodigious  quantity  of  materials,  and  which  I 
have  received  great  encouragement  to  bring  forward.  It 
is  Anecdotes  of  Picture  Dealers,  Picture  Dealing,  and 
Pictures,  and  will  be  entitled  Humhuggologia.  Of  which," 
observes  the  artist  in  the  conclusion,  "at  any  rate,  if  I 
can  get  but  the  Humhuggologia,  it  will,  among  other  sen- 
sations, excite  laughter  in  no  common  degree,  which  is 
reckoned  very  wholesome." 

Now,  can  any  one  refer  to  aijy  accouiit  of  the 
artist,  and  particularly  to  the  work  in  question  ? 
which,  if  in  existence,  would  probably  furnish 
much  rare  and  valuable  information  to  the  picti^re 
public.  Many  an  anecdote  and  history  of  pictures 
might  be  expected  from  an  artist  of  such  varied 
experience  and  abilities  as  Ibbetson,  whom  Mr. 
West  termed  the  English  Berghem. 

He  also  promises  the  publication  of  his  water- 
colour  process,  which,  I  fear,  never  made  its  ap- 
pearance, although  said  to  be  in  great  forward- 
D6M« 


Ibbetson  is  said  to  have  resided  for  many  years 
at  Masham  in  Yorkshire,  to  be  oqt  of  the  way  of 
the  picture- dealers,  at  which  place  he  died.  Are 
his  pictures  frequently  met  with  in  Yorkshire  ? 

Is  anything  known  of  the  artist  and  his  draw- 
ings of  whom  Ibbetson"says,  "  In  tinted  drawings 
no  one,  I  believe,  ever  came  so  near  the  tint  of 
nature  as  Mr.  John  Smith  ?  "  Art  Curius. 

Leeds. 

Wyld's  Globe  and  Langlar^s  Georama. — The 
publication  of  your  General  Index  may  have  the 
effect  of  resuscitating  some  dormant  subjects.  In 
1"  S.  V.  467.  488.,  a  question  was  discussed, 
Whether  Wyld's  Great  Globe  is  a  plagiarism  from 
Molenax  ?  The  evidence  is  insufficient  to  esta- 
blish the  affirmative,  as  it  does  not  appear  that 
Molenax's  globe  differed  from  others  except  in 
size  :  but  what  are  we  to  say  to  the  following, 
which  I  cut  out  of  a  defunct  periodical  entitled. 
The  Museum,  and  Register  of  Belles  Lettres,  Sfc, 
No.  5.,  Jan.  31.  1824.? 

"  A  Frenchman,  of  the  name  of  Langlard,  is  at  this 
moment  busily  engaged,  in  conjunction  with  the  best 
geographers  in  Paris,  in  completing  his  invention  of  a 
Georama,  which  he  is  erecting  at  an  immense  expense  on 
the  Boulevards  Italien,  in  a  garden  at  the  back  of  the 
Caf^  de  la  Paix.  The  Georama  is  to  consist  of  a  globe  of 
40  feet  diameter ;  in  the  inside  of  which  will  be  repre- 
sented a  complete  map  of  the  world,  describing,  on  an 
exact  scale,  the  extent  of  every  country,  sea,  river,  and 
mountain  in  the  Atlas,  as  well  as  the  site  of  all  the  high 
roads,  capitals,  principal  towns,  and  remarkable  villages 
in  the  known  world ;  giving  at  one  view  the  sinuosities 
of  the  routes  of  armies,  public  vehicles  from  one  town  to 
another,  throughout  Europe,  &c.  The  Poles  will  serve 
as  a  point  d'appui  for  circular  stairs  in  the  centre,  from 
which  the  spectators  will  have  the  facility  of  making 
their  observations." 

Is  anything  more  known  of  Langlard  and  his 
Georama  ?  J,  F.  M. 

Mortuaries.  —  Can  any  of  your  clerical  or  legal 
readers  furnish  me  with  the  law  or  general  custom 
respecting  mortuaries  in  those  parishes  in  which 
they  are  paid  ?  Especially  on  the  point  whether, 
on  the  death  of  a  parishioner  who  is  liable  to  pay 
the  mortuary  fee,  it  is  to  be  paid  to  the  incum- 
bent of  the  parish  in  which  he  dies,  or  to  the  in- 
cumbent of  that  in  which  he  is  buried  ?  If  he 
dies  in  a  parish  in  which  mortuaries  are  not  paid, 
but  is  buried  in  one  in  which  they  are  paid,  should 
his  executors  pay  the  mortuary  or  not  ? 

WijiLiAM  Eraser,  B.C.L. 

Alton,  Staffordshire. 

Sahagun  Sword-Blades.  —  Can  any  of  your 
reailers  inform  me  when  Sahagun  was  celebrated 
as  a  manufactory  of  swords?  I  recently  became 
possessed  of  an  apparently  very  old  blade  of  ad- 
mii'able  temper,  very  narrow  and  long,  something 
like  a  claymore.  On  the  blade  is  engraved  "  Sa- 
HAGVM,"  with  several  flourishes  round  it,  and  two 


2ni  S.  NO  35.,  Aca  SO.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


173 


or  three  stars.  I  believe  Sahagun  to  be  the  an- 
cient Saguntum,  where  the  first  hostilities  oc- 
curred between  Hannibal  and  the  Romans;  and 
more  recently  distinguished  as  being  the  scene  of 
a  cavalry  engagement  during  the  Peninsular  War. 

Ca(jadobb. 

Can  Fish  he  Tamed  ?  —  In  Mr.  Neale's  Me- 
diceval  Preachers  *  there  is  an  extract  from  the 
Sermon  addressed  by  Vieyra  to  the  fishes^  "  be- 
cause it  was  of  no  use  to  preach  to  the  people  of 
Maranhao."     Vieyra  says : 

"Aristotle,  speaking  of  fishes,  says  that  they  alone 
among  all  animals  can  neither  be  tamed  nor  domesticated." 

Now  it  strikes  one  at  once  that  this  statement  is 
at  variance  with  one  made  by  the  Apostle  James 
(iii.  7.)  : 

"  Every  kind  of  beasts,  and  of  birds,  and  of  serpents, 
and  of  things  in  the  sea,  is  tamed  and  hath  been  tamed  of 
mankind." 

Of  course  it  might  be  said  that  this  latter  is  a 
mere  figure  of  speech  or  hyperbole;  but,  as  a 
matter  of  fact,  is  not  the  Apostle  more  accurate 
than  the  philosopher  ?  Tame  carp  in  ponds 
coming  to  be  fed  from  the  hand  are  by  no  means 
uncommon  ;  and  perhaps  your  correspondents 
could  mention  other  like  cases.  A.  A.  D, 

The  Worm  in  Wood.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
inform  me  of  the  cause  of  worm  in  wood  ?  In 
the  house  of  a  friend,  who  lives  near  me,  the  fur- 
niture more  or  less  is  all  affected  in  this  way.  It 
seems  to  be  worse  in  those  tables  and  chairs  that 
stand  against  the  oldest  wall  of  the  castle  (a  por- 
tion of  the  house  is  quite  modern)  ;  but  though 
there  is  much  of  both  ancient  and  modern  fux-ni- 
ture,  the  worm  does  not  seem  to  infect  the  one 
more  than  the  other.  What  is  the  remedy,  if 
there  is  one  ?  Millicent  Erskinb  Wemyss. 

Bastards.  —  It  is  often  said  that  bastards  can- 
not span  their  own  wrist.  Can  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents trace  the  history  of  this  opinion  ? 

A.  A.  D. 

John  Duncumh. — George  Duncumb,  Esq.,  of  the 
Inner  Temple,  and  of  Weston  in  Albury,  co. 
Surrey,  at  one  time  principal  of  Clifford's  Inn, 
and  a  Court  keeper  in  large  practice,  speaks  in  his 
will,  anno  1646,  of  the  fees  of  office  of  his  son 
John.  The  office  in  question  was  no  doubt  con- 
nected with  some  of  the  law  courts.  Can  any  of 
your  readers  tell  me  what  it  was  ?  and  how  long, 
and  the  period  John  Duncumb  held  it  ? 

James  KNowtps. 

Singular  Plant. — I  have  lately  seen  a  plant 
which  had  remained  for  years  apparently  dried 
up,  and  curled  up  like  a  ball.     It  was  put  on  a 

*  I  only  know  this  book  from  a  review  in  the  Literary 
Churchman,  ii.  289. 


plate  full  of  water  in  the  evening;  and  by  the 
next  morning  its  leaves  had  become  of  a  fine 
olive-green,  and  lay  gracefully  round  the  plate, 
flat  and  fully  expanded  on  every  side.  When  the 
water  was  poured  off,  this  curious  plant  began  to 
curl  up  again,  and  gradually  returned  to  its  pre- 
vious state,  appearing  like  a  ball  or  a  dry  sponge. 
It  was  evidently  some  sea-weed,  but  I  should  be 
glad  to  know  its  name.  F-  C.  H. 

Early  Illustrated  English  Versions  of  Ariosto. — 
Are  there  any  old  editions,  in  English  verse,  of 
Aristo's  Orlando  Furioso  ?  and,  if  so,  are  any  of 
them  illustrated  ?  W.  T, 


Bisselius.  —  Is  anything  known  of  Bisselius  the 
Jesuit,  author  of  Gestorum  Seeculi  X  VII.  Synopsis,^ 
as  follows : 

« 1601. 
"  Astronomum  Primi  rapit  anni  Parca  Tychonem. 
Kex  oritur  Celtes.    Wallachus  ense  cadit. 

« 1602. 
"  Excipit  hunc  MosES,  Siculorum  ductor ;  ut  armis 
In  Dacos,  paribus ;  sic  quoque  csede  pari." 

These  lines  I  find  in  a  battered  old  volume  of 
the  above  author,  entitled  Delicice  JEstatis,  and 
dated  1644.  Threlkeld. 

[John  Bissel,  or  Bisselius,  was  a  German  writer  of  the 
seventeenth  century,  born  at  Babenhausen  in  Swabia  in 
1601.  He  early  joined  the  Jesuits,  and  was  professor  of 
philosophy  and  rhetoric  in  the  colleges  at  Uillengen,  In- 
goldstadt,  and  Amberg,  and  died  at  the  latter  place  in 
1677.  In  his  native  country  he  had  the  reputation  of  _a 
good  poet  and  elegant  prose  writer.  For  a  list  of  his 
works  see  Jocher,  Gelehrten- Lexicon,  a.  v."] 

Medlars  introduced  into  England.  —  Can  any  of 
your  readers  inform  me  when  the  fruit  called 
medlar  was  first  introduced  into  this  country  ? 
It  seems  to  have  been  known  in,  or  soon  after,  the 
reign  of  Henry  YIII. 

In  Heywood's   Works,  4to,,  1566,  First  Hun- 
dred of  Epigrams,  89.  is  one  — 
«  OfMedlers. 

"  To  feede  of  any  frute  at  any  feast, 
Of  all  kynds  of  medlers  meddell  with  the  least ; 
Meddle  not  with  greate  meddlers.     For  no  question 
Meddlyng  with  greate  meddlers  maketh  yll  digestion." 

Y.  S. 

[An  earlier  notice  of  the  medlar  occurs  in  Chaucer, 
The  Romaunt  of  the  Rote : 

"  And  many  homely  trees  there  were. 
That  peaches,  coines,  and  apples  here, 
Medlars,  plummes." 

In  fact,  the  Mespilus  Germanica,  the  German  or  common 
medlar,  is  indigenous,  as  stated  by  Dr.  W.  A.  Bromfield  in 
Loudon's  Magazine  of  JVatural  History,  vol.  ix.  p.  86. 
He  says:  ^^ M.  germanica  is  scattered  over  a  very  ex- 
tensive district,  as  about  Hastings,  and  at  the  back  pf 


174 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2ndS.  No35.,^UG.  SO.'Se. 


St.  Leonard's  in  many  places ;  also  about "Ashburnhani, 
between  Catfield  and  Ninfield,  in  some  places  quite  a  con- 
spicuous ornament  to  the  liedgerows,  which  is  not  the 
only  situation  it  affects,  occurring  apparently  truly  wild, 
though  rarely,  in  the  midst  of  natural  woods  near 
Hastings,  as  in  those  at  the  Old  Road,  Coghurst,  &c.,  in 
■which  places  I  have  found  seedlings  as  well  as  trees  of 
advanced  growth  springing  up  perfectly  spontaneously, 
and  very  remote  from  habitations  or  cultivated  ground. 
In  Guernsey  and  Jersey  I  have  often  found  it  wild,  so 
that  its  claim  to  be  considered  indigenous  can  hardly  be 
questioned  ;  besides,  I  have  never  seen  it  in  any  garden, 
as  a  cultivated  fruit  tree,  within  many  miles  of  this  place 
(Hastings,  Sussex)."  The  dwarf  medlar  was  introduced 
in  1683.  Consult  also  Loudon's  Trees  and  Shrubs  of 
Great  Britain,  vol.  ii.  pp.  877.  928.] 

Edition  of  Virgil.  —  I  shall  be  much  obliged  if 
you,  or  any  of  your  correspondents,  will  inform 
me  whether  an  edition  of  Virgil  is  a  valuable  one 
which  has  name  of  printer  and  date  as  follows  ? 

"  Leovardiae :  Franciscus  Halma,  D.D.,  Ordinis  Frisiae 
Typographus,  cio,iocc,xvn." 

OXONIENSIS. 

[Mr.  H.  G.  Bohn  in  his  General  Catalogue  of  the 
Classics,  offers  an  edition  of  Virgil's  works,  of  this  place 
and  date,  "in  2  vols.  4to.,  plates  by  Picart,  fine  copy,  in 
gilt  prize  vellum,"  for  11.  lis.  6d] 

Dr.  Johnson  and  W.  Davenport.  —  Can  any  of 
your  readers  kindly  supply  any  information  re- 
lating to  the  W.  Davenport,  a  protege  of  Dr. 
Johnson,  who  was  placed  by  the  Doctor  with  Mr. 
Strahan  the  printer,  of  Crane  Court  ?  Davenport 
is  said  to  have  been  a  man  of  high  attainments, 
and  I  am  anxious  to  glean  some  particulars  re- 
specting him.  I.  W.  S. 

[A  brief  notice  of  William  Davenport,  who  died  at 
Cheshunt,  Herts,  on  Jan.  2,  1792,  will  be  found  in  Ni- 
chols's Leicestershire,  vol.  i.  p.  609.,  and  in  the  Gentleman's 
Magazine  for  January,  1792,  p.  91.] 

Bow  or  Bay  Window.^.  —  About  what  time  was 
the  bow  or  bay  window  introduced  into  our  do- 
mestic architecture,  and  by  whom  and  where  ? 

John  Scribe. 

[Mr.  Joseph  Gwilt,  in  his  Enci/clopccdia  of  Architecture, 
p.  185.,  states  that  "  the  bay  window  was  invented  about 
a  century  before  the  Tudor  age.  In  a  MS.  at  the  He- 
ralds' College  relating  to  an  entertainment  given  at 
Richmond  by  Henry  VII.,  the  following  passage  occurs, 
and  may  be  taken  as  descriptive  of  one  of  the  purposes  to 
■which  it  was  applied :  '  Agaynst  that  his  grace  had 
supped,  the  hall  was  dressed  and  goodlie  to  be  scene,  and 
a  rich  cupboord  sett  thereup  in  a  baye  window  of  ix  or  x 
stages  and  haunces  of  hight,  furnissed  and  fulfilled  with 
plate  of  gold,  silver,  and  regilte.'  Carved  wainscotting 
in  panels,  generally  of  oak,  lined  the  lower  part  of  the 
halls  Avith  greater  unity  of  design  and  execution  than 
heretofore ;  and  it  now  found  its  way  into  parlours  and 
presence-chambers  with  every  variety  of  cj'phers,  cogni- 
zances, chimeras,  and  mottoes,  which  in  the  castles  of 
France,  about  the  age  of  Francis  I.,  were  called  Boisseries. 
Of  these  some  curious  specimens  still  remain  in  the  hall 
and  chambers  of  the  dilapidated  mansion  of  the  Lords  de 
la  Wprre  at  Halnacre,  in  Suffolk."  Consult  also  Glossary 
of  Architecture,  vol.  i.  p.  69.] 


MILITARY   DINNERS- 

(2"'^  S.  ii.  127.) 

Amongst  the  mighty  achievements  which  have 
been  celebrated  over  the  festive  board  none  ever 
surpassed,  in  all  its  bearings,  the  banquet  given 
upon  the  bridge  at  Calloo,  thrown  over  the  Scheldt 
to  complete  the  investment  of  Antwerp,  by  the 
Duke  of  Parma  in  1584. 

The  wide  and  rapid  river  presented  numerous 
difficulties  to  this  gigantic  scheme  hard  to  be  sur- 
mounted. In  winter,  huge  masses  of  detached 
ice  floated  upon  the  surface,  or,  sinking  with  the 
weight  of  accumulated  snow,  rolled  on  with  the 
currents  beneath.  But  when  the  tide  flowed,  the 
foaming  waves  bore  back  the  masses ;  and  meet- 
ing others  in  a  downward  course,  they  congealed, 
and  accumulated  to  ponderous  heaps,  sinking  or 
destroying  whatever  crossed  their  course.  In 
summer  the  sandy  sloughs  ofiered  but  an  insecure 
foundation  for  a  structure  destined  to  bear  the 
transit  of  the  heaviest  ordnance  and  the  muni- 
tions necessary  for  the  siege. 

Over  these  difficulties  the  engineer  the  Marquis 
of  Roubais,  at  once  a  traitor  to  his  adopted  cause 
and  his  country,  found  the  means  to  triumph  :  he 
commenced  his  unparalleled  work,  and  laboured 
like  the  unconscious  insect  at  its  own  chrysalis.  He 
saw  all  difficulties  surmounted ;  but  while  he  was 
pursuing  his  work,  the  Italian  Giambelli  was  ma- 
turing his  plans  for  destroying  the  marvellous 
barrier.  Ships  without  crews  or  rudders  or  masts 
were  sent  adrift  from  the  beleaguered  city,  and  left 
to  the  unstable  guidance  of  the  waves ;  but  they 
bore  within  their  holds  the  "Antwerp  fire." 
Some  stranded  on  the  way ;  and  the  loitering 
soldiery  hastened  from  the  banks  to  board  them, 
and  learn  the  meaning  of  the  floating  logs  ;  others 
approached  the  bridge.  De  Roubais  waited  there 
the  favoured  but  fatal  moment,  then  leapt  upon 
the  deck,  followed  by  companions  daring  as  him- 
self. The  bridge  was  crowded  with  wondering 
troops.  The  Duke  of  Parma  was  hurried  from 
the  scene,  and  to  a  moment  saved.  The  explo- 
sions followed  :  the  bridge  was  riven  in  twain. 
Thousands  were  scorched  and  killed,  and  Roubais 
died,  to  fill  a  traitor's  grave. 

"The  End  of  the  War,"  as  the  scheme  was 
called,  was  accomplished ;  but  the  Prince  of 
Orange  had  fallen,  and  none  remained  to  grapple 
with  the  prostrate  foe. 

The  bridge  was  speedily  repaired,  and  the  brave 
St.  Aldogond,  driven  to  the  last  extremity  by 
starvation,  yielded  Antwerp  to  the  first  general  of 
the  age. 

To  gratify  his  soldiers'  pride  was  the  victor's 
first  thought.  To  dine  with  them  upon  the  bridge, 
the  first  great  cause  of  his  success,  appeared  the 
proudest  triumph  he  or  they  could  feel.     The 


2»'»  S.  No  35.,  Aug.  30.  '5G.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


175 


thought  was  happy.  An  unmeasured  and  deso- 
late plain  —  a  mighty  river  —  the  distant  towers  of 
the  fallen  city  —  the  enfilading  batteries  with  an 
hundred  guns  —  the  wonder-working  bridge  itself, 
now  made  the  scene  of  hilarity,  joy,  and  triumph — 
all  united,  with  the  flush  of  victory,  to  produce 
one  common  soul-inspiring  ardour  which  has  not 
had  its  like  again.  H.  D'AviSNBr. 


WILL   OF   BICHA.RD   LINGAED. 

(2°'^  S.  ii.  104.) 

Allow  me  to  offer  a  few  observations  which  may 
throw  some  light  upon  the  curious  will  of  Richard 
Lingard,  printed  in  your  number  of  the  9th  of 
this  present  month. 

Dr.  Richard  Lingard,  probably  an  Englishman, 
went  from  the  University  of  Cambridge  to  that  of 
Dublin,  where  he  became  a  Fellow  of  Trinity 
College,  and  Regius  Professor  of  Divinity.  In 
1666,  after  he  had  been  more  than  forty  years  in 
holy  orders,  he  was  appointed  Dean  of  Lismore 
[not  Rismore'J,  but  held  that  dignity  only  four 
years. 

His  death  must  have  taken  place  within  a  very 
short  time  after  the  signing  of  his  will  on  Nov.  10, 
1670  :  as  on  the  29th  of  that  month  a  patent  was 
granted  to  his  successor  in  the  deanery. 

The  circumstance  of  his  will  being  proved  in 
the  Court  of  York  may  be  accounted  for  by  his 
possessing  property  in  Cumberland,  which  is 
within  that  province.  It  must  also  have  been 
proved  in  Ireland,  either  at  Dublin  or  Waterford. 

It  is  certainly  a  very  curious  document,  and 
although  it  is  too  indistinct  to  enable  us  to  under- 
stand all  the  particulars  referred  to,  and  probably 
is  disfigured  through  the  lack  of  scholarship  in 
his  man  "  Arthur  Brinan  whoe  did  write  the  said 
hasty  will ;  "  yet  it  is  such  an  one  as  we  may  well 
conceive  a  man  dangerously  ill  and  in  great  weak- 
ness, to  have  dictated  to  his  servant  at  his  bed- 
side, one  clause  following  another  without  much 
connexion  of  subject  or  distinctness  of  expression, 
just  as  the  several  matters  arose  in  his  mind. 

From  his  desire  "  to  be  buried  where  the  parish 
of  St.  Andrew  shall  appoint,"  I  think  it  most 
likely  that  he  resided,  and  died,  within  that  parish. 
He  was  interred  in  Trinity  College  Chapel. 

With  respect  to  some  of  the  persons  and  places 
mentioned  in  the  will,  I  may  mention  that 

"  The  College,"  means  Trinity  College,  Dublin. 

"  The  Dean  of  Cork  "  was  Dr.  Thomas  Vesey, 
afterwards  Archbishop  of  Tuam. 

"  The  Library  "  means  that  of  Trinity  College. 

"  The  Provost "  was  Dr.  Thomas  Seele,  Dean 
of  St.  Patrick's,  Dublin. 

"  Mr.  (or  Dr.)  Styles  "  probably  was  the  Rev. 
Henry  Stiles,  a  prebendary  of  St.  Patrick's. 

"  Mr.  Crookes  "  perhaps  was  Mr.  John  Crooke, 


an  eminent  printer  and  bookseller  in  Dublin  at 
that  time. 

"Patrick  and  William  Sheridan"  were  brothers, 
the  Deans  of  Down  [not  Derry  or  Dromore']  and 
Connor  [not  CorkJ. 

It  does  not  well  appear,  whether  the  poor  man 
intended  to  ask  forgiveness  from  them,  or  to  m- 
part  it  to  them. 

It  would  seem  as  if  Dr.  Lingard  had  been  pre- 
paring some  literary  work  —  some  "  notes  "  —  for 
publication ;  and  desired  that  a  few  —  not  more 
than  six  —  of  his  sermons  should  be  inserted.  I 
am  not  aware  whether  this  design  was  ever  carried 
out.  He  himself  had  printed  one  sermon,  in  de- 
fence of  the  Liturgy  of  the  Church  of  England 
and  Ireland,  which  he  had  preached  before  King 
Charles  II.  4to.  London,  1668.  And,  two  years 
afterwards,  he  published  A  Letter  of  Advice  to  a 
Young  Gentleman  leaving  the  University.  12mo. 
1670.  These  are  the  only  fruits  of  his  pen  which 
I  have  heard  of  (see  Fasti  Ecclesice  Hibern.,  i. 
169.).  H.  Cotton. 

Thurles,  Aug.  20. 


THE    TEN    COMMANDMENTS. 

C2"*  S.  i.  440.) 

Professor  Browne,  as  quoted  by  A.  A.  D.,  who 
bestows  his  approbation  upon  the  statement 
by  calling  it  "  accurate,"  says  :  —  "  The  second 
commandment  is  joined  with  the  first  according 
to  the  reckoning  of  the  Church  of  Rome."  Here 
we  have  the  first  oversight  in  the  "  accurate 
statement "  of  the  professor.  Holy  Writ,  while 
it  tells  us  that  the  words  of  the  Law  were  ten 
(Deut.  iv.  13.),  nowhere  lets  us  know  the  pre- 
cise way  in  which  they  were  divided,  nowhere 
defines  for  us  which  is  the  first,  which  the  second, 
which  is  the  ninth,  which  the  tenth  word  or  com- 
mandment. From  St.  Austin's  days,  that  is,  since 
the  beginning  of  the  fifth  centur/,  the  Western 
Church  has  used  the  same  division  of  the  com- 
mandments as  we  Catholics  now  use.  With  re- 
gard to  England's  practice,  Alcuin  and  MIMq 
show  us  that  our  Anglo-Saxon  countrymen  did  as 
we  still  do  (Alcuini  Opp.  ed.  Frobenio,  i.  340 ; 
iElfric's  Horns,  ii.  199.  205.)  ;  and  our  national 
councils  held  one  at  Lambeth,  a.d.  1281,  another 
at  Exeter,  a.d.  1287  (Wilkins,  Concil.  ii.  55. 
162.),  witness  for  the  same  usage  at  a  later  period ; 
not  to  mention  such  authorities  as  the  Papilla 
Oculi,  fol.  clxii.,  and  the  Coventry  Mysteries,  p.  60. 
The  professor  goes  on  to  say  :  "  It  will  be  found 
so  united  in  the  Masoretic  Bibles ;  the  Masoretic 
Jews  dividing  the  tenth  commandment  (accord- 
ing to  our  reckoning)  into  two."  By  "  our  "  is 
meant,  of  course,  the  present  Protestant  reckon- 
ing of  England.     Not  only  have  even  Protestants 


176 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  35.,  Aug.  30.  '56. 


divided,  but  there  are  some  who  still  divide  the 
Decalogue  exactly  as  we  Catholics  do.  Craniner 
himself  did  so  :  in  the  "  Cafechismus,  &c.,  set  forth 
by  the  mooste  reverende  Father  ill  God,  Thomas 
Arch-Byshop  of  Canterbury,"  &c.,  we  read  : 

"These  are  the  holy  commaundmentes  of  the  Lord  our 
God.  Thefinte.  I  am  the  Lord  thy  God,  thou  shalthave 
none  other  Goddes  but  me.  TTie  Seconde.  Thou  shalt  not 
take  the  name,"  &c. 

Though  this  catechism  was  dedicated  to  Ed- 
Ward  VI.,  and  "  for  the  singular  commoditie  and 
prosper  of  childre  and  yong  people,"  the  whole  of 
■what,  by  Professor  Browne's  reckoning,  is  the 
second  commandment,  is  left  out.  The  division 
which  Cranmer  followed  in  England,  Luther  fol- 
lowed in  Germany,  and  the  Lutherans  even  yet 
follow.  In  the  Kirchenbuch  fur  JEvangelische 
Christen,  Berlin,  1854,  p.  23,  is  given  "  D.  Martin 
Luther's  Kleiner  Katechismus,"  and  at  the  begin- 
ning, we  have  the  Ten  Commandments  thus  : 

"  Das  erste  Gebot.  Du  sollstnicht  andere  Gotterhaben. 
Das  sweite  Gebot.  Du  sollst  denNamen  Deines  Gottes 
nicht  unnuklich  fUhren,"  &c. 

Professor  Browne  observes  that : 

"  What  the  Roman  church  deals  unfairly  in  is,  that  she 
teaches  the  commandments  popularly  only  in  epitome ; 
and  that,  so  having  joined  the  first  and  the  second  to- 
gether, she  virtually  omits  the  second,  recounting  them 
in  her  catechisms,  &c.,  thus :  1.  Thou  shalt  have  none 
other  gods  but  Me.  2.  Thou  shalt  not  take  the  name  of 
the  Lord  thy  God  in  vain.    3.  Remember,"  &c. 

If  there  be  any  force  in  this  objurgation,  it  is  as 
applicable  to  Cranmer  and  Luther  of  old,  and  to 
the  Lutherans  of  the  present  day,  quite  as  much 
as  to  the  "  Roman  Church." 

"By  this  method  her  children,"  continues  the  Pro- 
fessor, "and  other  less  instructed  members,  are  often 
ignorant  of  the  existence  in  the  decalogue  of  a  prohibitioh 
against  idolatrj'." 

Be  it  borne  in  mind  that,  like  oiirselves,  the 
Lutherans  set  up  images  —  crucifixes  —  in  their 
churches,  and  what  is  said  of  the  Catholic  is  re- 
ferable to  the  Lutheran  wording  of  the  command- 
ments. But  Professor  Browne  is  wrong  upon 
more  points  than  one  respecting  the  teaching  of 
the  Church,  in  the  present,  as  well  as  olden- time, 
about  the  use  of  images,  and  the  wording  of  the 
commandments.  Now,  for  the  latter  of  these 
subjects.  The  Abridgment  of  the  Christian  Doc- 
trine is  a  little  book,  or  First  Catechism,  out  of 
which  every  Catholic  child,  in  this  country,  begins 
to  learn  the  rudiments  of  its  religion :  it  con- 
tains what,  according  to  Catholic  reckoning,  is  the 
first  commandment  —  that  is  the  6th,  7th,  8th, 
and  the  beginning  of  the  9th  verse  of  the  5th 
chapter  in  Deuteronomy,  at  full  length.  To  the 
question  :  "  What  is  forbidden  by  the  first  com- 
mandment ?  "  the  answer  is  :  —  "  The  first  com- 
matidment  forbids  us  to  worship  false  gods  or 
idols,  or  to  give  to  any  creature  whatsoever  the 


honour  which  is  due  to  God."  To  the  question :  — 
"  May  we  not  pray  to  relics  or  images  ?  "  the 
answer  is :  —  "  No,  by  no  means  ;  for  they  have 
no  life  nor  sense  to  help  us."  This  catechism  has 
the  bishop's  imprimatur  at  the  beginning,  and  is 
thus  set  forth  by  authority.  Before  the  method 
of  instruction  by  catechisms  was  introduced,  the 
people  of  this  land  were  not  less  carefully  and 
earnestly  warned  of  "  the  existence  in  the  deca- 
logue of  a  prohibition  against  idolatry."  What, 
for  instance,  could  be  clearer  or  stronger  than  the 
following  words  on  the  subject : 

"Thyse  bee  y"  x.  coramaundementis  of  god  —  The 
fyrst  he  commaundeth  that  thou  have  no  god  but  him. 
Ne  that  thou  wortshyp,  serve,  ne  give  thy  trust  to  none 
other  creature,  ymage,  ne  thinge  graven  but  only  to  him. 
In  this  is  forboden  mamettry,"  &c.  Quatuor  Sermones,  at 
the  end  of  the  Liber  Festivalis,  sig,  y.  ii.,  &c.  Dives 
says :  "  In  the  fyrste  commaundement  as  I  have  lerned, 
god  sayth  thus:  Thou  shalte  have  none  other  strange 
goddes  before  me.  Thou  shalte  make  to  the  no  graven 
thynge,  no  maumette,  no  lykenes  that  is  in  heven  above, 
ne  that  is  bynethe  in  erthe,  ne  of  any  thynge  that  is  in 
the  water  ixnder  the  erthe.  Thou  shalte  not  worshyp 
them  with  thy  bodye  outwarde,  ne  within  thy  harte  in- 
ward." Among  other  things.  Pauper  says :  "  God  for- 
byddeth  not  utterly  the  makynge  of  y mages,  but  he 
forbyddethe  utterly  "for  to  make  j'mages  for  to  worshyppe 
them  as  goddis,  and  to  set  theyr  fayth,  theyr  truste,  their 
hope,  their  love,  and  their  beleve  in  theym.  For  god 
wyll  have  mans  harte  hole  knytte  to  hyva.  alone,  for  in  him 
is  all  our  helpe  and  all  our  salvation."  To  an  objection 
of  Dives's  that  "on  palme  sondaye  at  procession  the 
priest  —  saith  thrise  :  Ave  rex  noster,  hayle  be  thou  our 
kyng  (before  the  rood),  and  so  he  worshippeth  that  image 
as  king."  Pauper  an.swers  :  "  God  forbede.  He  speketh 
not  to  the  image,  that  the  carpentar  hatli  made,  and  the 
peinter  peinted,  but  if  the  prest  be  a  fole,  for  that  stock 
or  stone  was  never  king,  but  he  speakethe  to  hym  that 
died  on  the  crosse  for  us  all,  to  hym  that  is  kyiige  of 
all  thynge."  —  A  compendious  treatyse  or  dialoge,  &c. 
The  I.  Command,  chap.  i.  and  chap.  iv. 

Among  the  publications  of  the  Caxton  Society, 
there  is  a  — 

"  Romance  of  englische  of  the  begynnyng  of  the  worldj 
and  of  al  that  a  lowed  man  has  nede  for  to  knawe  for  hele 
of  soule.  This  romance  (Chasteau  d'Amour)  turned  a 
munk  of  Sallay  out  of  French  romance  that  sir  Robert 
Bischop  a  lyncoln  made,  and  eked  mikel  therto,  as  him 
thought  spedeful  to  edeflcacion  and  swettenes  of  devocioun 
and  Bering  of  lowed  men." 

In  this  so-called  "  romance  "  Itfe  are  told  of  thd 
"ten  commaundements  "  that- — 

"  The  first  is  to  worschip  on  (one)  god  and  no  mo 
This  biddyng  sal  be  understanden  so 
That  it  forbedes  all  mamettrie 
And  also  all  manor  of  sorcerie 
Mammeutrie  is  to  do  creature  that  honour 
That  thou  suld  do  all  onely  to  thi  creator 
That  is  worschip  for  him  self  over  all  other  tiling 
A  seint  sal  thou  worschip  for  he  is  his  detlyng 
Ymages  in  the  kirk  that  tliou  on  lokes 
Are  to  the  as  to  the  clerk  are  his  gode  bokes 
Thou  sal  not  worschip  thaim  bot  for  thair  sake 
That  thei  bringe  to  thi  mynd  thi  prayer  to  make." 
Bishop  Grossetete's  Poems,  now  first  edited  bj'  M. 
Cooke,  for  the  Caxton  Society,  pp.  133. 136. 


2»-»  S.  No  36.,  Acq.  30.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERi:ES. 


m 


Whether  the  substatice  Of  the  abo^e  lines  stctod 
part  of  the  worthy  bishop's  original  French,  or 
these  verses  be  some  of  that  "  mikel "  which  the 
Yorkshire  Cistercian  monk  "  eked  therto  "  of  his 
own,  certain  is  it  that,  in  this  as  well  as  in  the  other 
above-cited  passages  out  of  our  old  writers,  we 
have  proof  that  the  Ten  Comrtiandments  were 
then  taught,  not  merely  in  epitome,  but  in  full, 
and  that  the  CathorK;  church,  in  olden  as  well  as 
in  these  our  days,  instead  of  allowing  "  her  chil- 
dren and  other  less  instructed  members  to  be  often 
ignorant  of  the  existence  in  the  decalogue  of  a 
prohibition  against  idolatry,"  always  taught,  as  she 
yet  untiringly  teaches,  all  her  people,  and  more 
especially  the  "  lewed,"  the  unlearned  among  them, 
to  keep  themselves  from  "  ttiatbettrie,"  that  is 
idolatry,  under  every  shape.  D.  Rock. 

Newick,  Uckfield. 


JUDITH   CULPEPER. 

(2"''  S.  ii.  130.) 

The  Judith  Culpeper  mentioned  by  your  corre- 
spondent Vox  was  not  of  the  HoUingbourne,  but 
of  the  Wakeherst  (co.  Sussex)  branch  of  the 
family.  The  enclosed  extract  from  a  pedigree 
in  my  possessioti  will  show  her  position  in  the 
family.  Judith  married,  secondly,  Christopher 
Mason,  Captain,  R.N.  Sir  William,  her  son,  was 
buried  at  St.  James's,  Westminster,  and  at  his 
death  the  title  became  extinct. 

Sir  Edward  Culpeper  of  Wakeherst,  Sussex,  Knt. 
Sir  Wm.  Culpeper,  created  Bart. 


Sir  Benjamin  Culpeper, 
Bart.,  ob.  1671. 

John  Culpeper. 


Sir  Edward  Culpeper,  Bart. 

Benjamin  Cul-=Judith,  daughter  of  Wm. 
peper,  ob.  Vita  I  Wilson  of  Eastbourne,  co, 
patris.  Sussex,  Esq. 


Benjamin,  o.  s.  p.  Sir  VTm.  Culpeper,  Bart., 

who  about  1694-95  alienated  Wakeherst  to 
Dionysius  Denys  Lyddell,  Esq.,  and  died 
28th  Mar.  1740,  s.  p. 

There  was  another  Judith  Culpeper  of  an  earlier 
date.  She  was  the  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Cul- 
peper of  HoUingbourne,  and  became  the  second 
wife  of  Sir  John  Culpeper  in  1631.  This  Sir 
John  was  created  Baron  Culpeper  of  Thoresway, 
by  letters  patent  dated  Oct.  21,  1644,  and  died  in 
1660. 

Should  your  cbrfespcifident  be  willing  to  dis- 
pose of  Judith's  letter,  I  should  be  glad  to  acquire 
it,  as  I  am  anxious  to  collect  all  the  relics  I  can 
find  relating  to  the  Cutpepel"  family.  My  mother 
is  the  daughter  of  the  late  John  Spencer  Culpeper 
of  Tenterden,  co.  Kent,  and  of  Woodford  Hall, 
CO.  Essex,  Esq. ;  and  should  your  correspondent 
desire  any  farther  information  respecting  this  an- 
cient, noble,  and  once  wide-spreading  family,  I 
shall  be  most  happy  to  communicate  with  him. 


Whilst  I  am  on  the  subject,  may  t  ask  whethei? 
your  correspondent,  or  any  of  your  readers,  can 
give  me  a  clue  to  the  recovery  of  a  number  of 
family  papers  (amongst  tyhich  was  the  patent  of 
peerage)  deposited  for  safety  many  years  since  by 
my  grandfather,  J.  S.  Culpeper,  Esq.,  with  a  Mr. 
Sarel,  a  solicitor,  formerly  of  Arundel  or  Surrey 
Street,  Strand.  I  have  a  list  of  these  papers,  but 
have  sought  for  them  in  vain. 

William  H.  Morlet. 

15.  Serie  Street,  Lincoln's  Inn. 


The  second  wife  of  John  Lord  Colepeper,  Chan- 
cellor of  the  Exchequer  and  Master  of  the  Rolls 
to  Charles  I.,  who  died  in  the  month  of  July  after 
the  Restoration,  was  Judith,  daughter  of  Sir 
Thomas  Colepeper  of  Hollingbourn,  Knt.  One 
of  their  daughters  was  also  named  Judith,  who 
married  a  relative  of  the  same  name. 

The  writer  of  the  letter  communicated  by  Vox 
is  no  dotibt  one  of  these  :  and  if  the  former,  as  is 
most  pt-obable  from  the  date,  the  brother  referred 
to  would  be  Sir  William,  the  first  baronet  of 
Preston  Hall.  If  the  latter,  the  brother  would  be 
Thomas,  the  second  Baron  Colepeper. 

Edward  Foss. 


Gardner  R.  Lillibridge  (2"'^  S.  i.  74.)  — Intb 
Littell's  Living  Age,  which  is  a  weekly  magazingj 
containing  64  pages  about  the  size  of  those  Of 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  and  which  is  made  up  principally  of 
the  choice  articles  of  the  English  reviews,  maga- 
zines, and  journals,  I  occasionally  copy  articles 
from  "  N.  &  Q.,"  among  which  wds  a  Query  about 
Mr.  Lillibridge,  which  brings  me  the  enclosed 
explanation,  now  duly  forwarded  to  yoiir  pleasant 
journal.  E.  LiITEll. 

Boston,  April  id,  1856. 

To  the  Editor  of  LittelVs  Living  Age. 

«  Harrisburgi  Pennsylvania,  Ap.  12th,- 1856* 

"  Mr.  Editor, 
"  In  the  last  number  of  your  serial,  you  inquire  for 
information  in  respect  to  Mr.  Lillibridge;  and,  as  it  is  in 
my  power  to  impart  some  little,  I  herewith  communicate 
it,  in  the  shape  of  an  original  letter  from  the  gentleman 
himself.  You  are  at  liberty  to  make  such  use  of  it  aSi 
you  may  deem  proper.  The  person  to  whom  it  was  ad- 
dressed was,  at  that  time,  a  prominent  and  influential 
member  of  this  community,  but  died  within  the  past  year. 
The  letter  referred  to,  aiid  which  I  enclose,  fell  into  my 
hands  hi  the  course  of  my  professional  duties  as  thd 
attorney  of  Mr.  Seller's  estate. 

"  Respectfullyj 

"  A.  J.  Herr."  ' 

"  Harrisburg,  Feb.  10,  1827. 
«  Pardon  the  liberty  1  take  in  presenting  you,  among 
other  friends  of  the  Drama,  with  a  Copy  of  Tancred  in  its 
new  though  unpolished  dress.    I  have  to  beg  your  indul- 
gence for  the  many  errors  that  escaped  my  notice  when 


178 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"d  S.  No  35.,  Aug.  30.  '56. 


the  work  was  put  to  press,  and  which  may  be  attributed 
to  my  infancy  in  Literature.  It  has  never  yet  been  re- 
presented on  any  stage,  and  I  feel  confident  that  Harris- 
burg  will  do  me  the  honor  of  welcoming  my  maiden  pro- 
duction to  her  boards,  with  no  other  commendation  from 
me  than  the  mere  relation  of  a  fact  by  way  of  anecdote 
and  coincidence ;  that  their  humble  candidate  for  public 
favor  Jlrst  compiled,  set  the  type,  pressed  and  stitched  the 
work,  and  he  is  now  about  to  play  the  Hero  of  the  piece 
at  its  first  representation.  Will  you  but  smile  upon  my 
exertions,  after  you  have  perused  my  little  offering,  you 
may  prompt  me  to  attempt  again  at  some  future  period. 

"  I  onh'  regret  that  my  claim  for  public  favor  is  not 
greater.  I  need  not  add,  that  the  piece  shall  be  got  up 
in  a  style  that  must  warrant  it  acceptable. 

"  Due  notice  will  be  given  when  it  shall  be  bro't  for- 
ward, which  will  be  but  for  one  night  only, 

«  Your  Obt.  Servt., 

"  G.  K.  LiLLlBRIDGE." 

"  Jacob  Seiler,  Esq. 

Money  enclosed  in  Seal  of  Legal  Documents 
(2"'^  S.  ii.  129.)  —  In  Miss  Edgeworth's  admirable 
tale  of  Patronage,  at  the  42nd  chapter,  an  interest- 
ing account  is  given  of  a  sixpence  being  placed 
under  the  seal  affixed  to  an  old  deed,  on  which 
incident  is  made  to  depend  one  of  the  chief  points 
of  the  story.  N.  L.  T. 

Port  Jackson  (2"'*  S.  ii.  77.)  —  The  epitaph  on 
Sir  George  Jackson's  monument  in  Bishops  Stort- 
ford  Church,  Herts,  states  that  "  Captain  Cook,  of 
whom  he  was  a  zealous  friend  and  early  patron, 
named  after  him  Point  Jackson  in  New  Zealand, 
and  Port  Jackson  in  New  South  Wales."  Sir 
George  died  Dec.  15,  1822,  aged  ninety-seven 
years.  This  testimony  ought  to  be  decisive  on 
the  subject.  J.  E.  J. 

Caiman's  ''Iron  Chest"  (2"*  S.  ii.  70.)  —I  also 
possess  a  copy  of  this  play ;  but  it  has  this  ad- 
vantage over  the  one  mentioned  by  Juveena,  that 
besides  the  celebrated  preface,  it  also  contains  the 
no  less  celebrated  postscript,  commencing  "  Inveni 
Portum,"  and  written  a  few  months  afterwards, 
when  the  play  had  been  produced  at  the  Hay- 
market,  and  the  principal  character  had  been 
undertaken  by  Mr.  Elliston.  The  year  of  pub- 
lication is  the  same  (1796)  ;  but  the  edition  is  that 
of  Messrs.  Cadell  and  Davies,  the  printer  being 
Mr.  Woodfall.  Sir  Walter  Scott,  in  his  Life  of 
Kemble,  says  :  "  The  preface  was  so  effiictually 
cancelled,  that  the  price  of  a  copy  in  which  it 
remains  astounds  the  novice  when  it  occurs  in  the 
sale-room."  I  question,  however,  whether  Sir 
Walter  was  not  quite  as  much  misinformed  as 
Mr.  Jones  (Biograph.  Dramatical,  who  says  that 
305.  or  even  40.?.  have  been  paid  for  a  copy  of  it. 
Mine  is  at  the  disposal  of  any  of  your  correspond- 
ents for  half  the  latter  amount.  N.  L.  T. 

English  Words  terminating  in  "  -iV  (2"^  S.  ii. 
47.  119.) — In  addition  to  those  words,  for  which 
I  have  to  thank  your  correspondent  T.  J.  E.,  five 


more  have  been  suggested  to  me  by  a  friend  : 
anvil,  daffodil,  fossil,  pastil,  axidi  weevil.  My  object, 
however,  was  not  so  much  to  prove  "  the  small 
number"  of  English  words  of  this  termination,  as 
to  remark  on  the  erroneous  modern  pronunciation 
of  two  words  so  terminating.  The  additional 
words,  which  have  been  suggested  to  me,  assist  in 
confirming  my  argument.  With  the  exception  of 
weevil,  which  is  generally  pronounced  weevle,  all 
the  others  are  formed  from  words  bearing  the 
same  termination  in  the  languages  from  which 
they  are  severally  derived  ;  and  they  are  therefore 
properly  sounded  as  if  they  ended  in  -ill ;  but  the 
Teutonic  Saxon  origin  and  sound  of  devil,  evil, 
and  weevil,  seem  to  prove  the  propriety  of  the 
established  against  the  new  pronunciation.  If  more 
English  words  can  be  discovered  with  this  termin- 
ation, which  is  by  no  means  improbable,  I  feel  no 
doubt  of  their  giving  additional  force  to  my  de- 
fence of  the  old  way  of  speaking  and  reading. 

E.  C.  H. 

"  When  you  go  to  Rome,  do  as  Rome  does " 
(2°'*  S.  ii.  129.)  —The  fragment  given  by  M.  C. 
is  inaccurate  in  representing  St.  Monica's  doubt 
to  have  taken  place  in  Rome,  and  that  St.  Au- 
gustin  went  to  Milan  to  consult  St.  Ambrose,  for 
all  the  parties  were  at  Milan  at  the  time.  To  save 
M.  C.  further  trouble,  I  will  transcribe  St.  Au- 
gustin's  account  of  the  matter,  which  occurs  in  his 
"  Epistle  XXXVI.  to  Casulanus  :  " 

"  Indicabo  tibi  quid  mihi  de  hoc  requirenti  responderit 
venerandus  Ambrosius,  a  quo  baptizatus  sum,  Mediola- 
nensis  episcopus.  Nam  cum  in  eadem  civitate  mater  mea 
mecum  esset,  et  nobis  adhuc  catechumenis  parum  ista 
curantibus,  ilia  solicitudinem  gereret  utrum  secundum 
morem  nostras  civitatis  (^Tagaste)  sibi  esset  Sabbato  je- 
junandum,  an  ecclesias  Mediolanensis  more  prandendam, 
ut  hac  earn  cunctatione  liberarem,  interrogavi  hoc  supra - 
dictum  hominem  Dei.  At  ille,  .  .  .  '  Quando  hie 
sum,  non  jejuno  Sabbato;  quando  Romse  sum,  jejuno 
Sabbato :  et  ad  quamcumque  ecclesiam  veneritis,'  inquit, 
'ejus  morem  servate,  si  pati  scandalum  non  vultis  aut 
facere.' " 

Hence  came  the  proverb,  "  Cum  Romas  fuerit, 
Romano  vivito  more."  F.  C.  H. 

Did  the  Greek  Surgeons  extract  Teeth  ?  (1''  S. 
X.  256.)  —  The  above  question  has  received  some 
elucidation  in  the  columns  of  "  N.  &  Q."  Having 
recently  been  consulted  by  a  Russian  gentleman, 
the  conversation  turned  upon  that  splendid  work 
on  Crimean  Antiquities,  published  by  order  of  the 
Emperor  of  Russia,  as  alluded  to  in  your  columns 
by  Dr.  Lotsky.  My  informant  tells  me  that  on  one 
of  the  ornaments  found  in  the  ancient  buildings  of 
the  Crimea,  is  represented  a  surgeon  drawing  a 
tooth  from  the  mouth  of  one  of  the  barbarian 
royalties.  This,  I  think,  establishes  the  fact  that 
there  were  then  peripatetic,  either  Egyptian  or 
Greek,  dentists,  who  resorted  to  those  distant 
countries  for  the  purpose  of  practising  their  art. 


2nd  s.  No  35.,  Aug.  30.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


119 


I  believe  this  is  the  only  representation  of  a  sur- 
gical operation  to  be  met  with  on  ancient  sculp- 
ture, and  hope  some  of  our  illustrated  periodicals 
will  reproduce  copies  of  this,  as  well  as  other  in- 
teresting subjects  contained  in  the  above  work. 

Geokge  Hayes. 
Conduit  Street. 

Mortgaging  the  Dead  (2"^  S.  ii.  128.)  —  In  the 
absence  of  any  notice  from  your  correspondents 
of  the  "  conjecture  "  advanced  in  this  article  in 
reference  to  the  object  of  the  law  therein  alluded 
to,  I  am  induced  to  ask  on  what  authority  such 
an  opinion,  contravening  as  it  does,  though  with 
some  plausibility,  the  statement  of  Herodotus,  is 
supposed  to  be  founded.  I  do  not  recollect  if 
Mr.  Pettigrew  in  his  Egyptian  Mummies,  where 
appears  an  interesting  account  of  this  law  o{  arrest, 
as  it  is  termed,  notices  the  irreconcileableness  of 
the  two  opinions.  As  I  am  unable  to  refresh  my 
memory  by  any  immediate  reference  to  that  work, 
perhaps  some  of  your  correspondents,  who  may 
have  it  in  their  possession,  would  oblige  me  by 
giving  me  the  benefit  of  their  remarks  on  this  ob- 
vious discrepancy.  In  Beloe's  translation  (lib.  ii. 
c.  136.)  appears  the  following  foot-note  on  the 
passage  referred  to : 

"  The  laws  of  England  allow  the  arrest  of  a  person's 
dead  body  till  his  debts  are  paid:  this  mentioned  by- 
Herodotus  is  the  first  example  perhaps  on  record  of  such 
a  custom.'  But  see  Burn's  Justice  of  the  Peace  : '  A  vulgar 
and  erroneous  notion  once  prevailed  that  a  dead  body 
might  be  arrested  for  debt,  but  such  a  proceeding  is 
clearly  illegal  and  indictable.'  Lord  Ellenborough  said  : 
'  To  seize  a  dead  body  upon  any  such  pretence  would 
be  contra  bonos  mores,  and  an  extortion  on  the  relatives. 
It  is  contrajy  to  every  principle  of /aitjand  moral  feeling; 
and  such  an  act  is  revolting  to  humanity  and  illegal. '  "  — 
Vol.  i.  p.  414. 

F.  PHIIiLOTT. 

Viners  '■'■Abridgment"  (2"*^  S.  ii.  85.)  —  A  more 
extensive  edition  of  Bibliotheca  Legum  Anglice 
was  published  "  London,  1788,"  in  two  parts  or 
volumes  :  the  first  "  compiled  by  John  Worrall," 
and  the  second  "  compiled  by  Edward  Brooke." 
At  p.  4.  of  1st  part,  Viner's  Abridgment  (noticed 
by  Mr.  Knowles)  is  stated  at  24  vols,  fol.,  1741- 
1751,  31Z.  IOa'.  The  work  appears  to  have  been 
completed  by  Mr.  Viner  in  1788  ;  and,  no  doubt, 
arrangements  had  been  made  with  the  booksellers 
for  its  disposal,  and  all  delicacy  as  to  naming  a 
price  had  melted  away. 

Mr.  Worrall  subjoins  the  critical  opinion  of 
Mr.  Hargrave  on  this  "  immense  body  of  law  and 
equity."  I  believe  few  out  of  the  legal  profession 
will  be  disposed  to  dip  much  into  the  profound 
abyss.  A  point  or  two  mentioned  by  Mr.  Worrall 
may  here  be  added  as  rather  special  to  Mr.  Viner's 
folios : 

"  It  is  observable  that  the  learned  and  laborious  com- 
piler of  this  Abridgment,  not  only  had  the  work  printed 
under  his  own  inspection  (by  agreement  with  the  law 


patentees)  at  his  house  at  Aldershot  in  Hampshire,  but  that 
the  paper  was  also  manufactured  under  his  direction,  as 
appears  by  a  peculiar  water-mark  describing  the  number 
of  the  volume,  or  the  initials  of  C.  V." 

These  modes  had  probably  been  adopted  by 
Mr.  Viner  to  prevent  fraud  on  his  collection  of 
legal  treasure.  A  curious  instance  of  an  attempt 
at  security  in  another  form  is  to  be  seen  in  Le 
Monde  Enchante  of  Balthasar  Bekker,  Doctor  in 
Theology,  and  pastor  at  Amsterdam,  1694.  In 
his  Epitre,  he  says : 

"  Je  declare  que  je  n'en  reconnois  point  d'autres  que 
ceux  qui  sont  sousignes  de  moi  comme  celui-ci,  oil  je 
vous  assure  de  ma  propre  main  que  je  suis,"  &c. 

and  unmistakeably  he  appends  his  autograph  to 
each  of  his  four  volumes.  The  patent  medicine 
gentlemen  seem  now  to  be  the  only  persons  who 
attest  their  productions  to  the  public  after  this 
fashion.  G.  N. 

MS.  of  {Thomas  a  Kempis,  or  rather  of)  the 
"  De  Imitatione  "  (2"'*  S.  i.  493.)  —  The  Codex  de 
Advocalis  is  briefly  noticed  in  the  preface  to  an 
edition  of  the  De  Imitatione  by  Joannes  Hrabi- 
eta,  alte7-a  editio,  Gerse  et  Lipsiae,  1847,  p.  ix.,  and 
to  which  I  referred  your  readers  at  vol.  ix.  p.  87., 
P'  S.  Of  course  the  authorship  of  Thomas  a 
Kempis  is  denied.  The  information  in  that  preface 
seems  to  be  taken  from  a  work  entitled  : 

"  Memoire  sur  le  veritable  Aut6ur  de  I'lmitation  de 
Jesus-Christ;  par  G.  de  Gregory,  Chevalier  de  la  Legion 
d'Honneur,  etc.    Paris,  1827." 

If  your  correspondent  Quidam  consults  that 
edition  of  the  De  Imitatione,  which  is  one  of  the 
stereotyped  editions  in  small  quarto  so  common  at 
all  the  book-stalls,  he  should  be  careful  to  distin- 
guish it  from  another  edition  very  similar,  and 
better  in  some  respects,  but  with  a  diflerent 
preface.  H.  P. 

''Baalbec"  (2"'^  S.  ii.  114.)— The  derivation  of 
Baalbec  appears  to  me  to  be  from  the  Phoenician 
Irish  Baal-beact,  i.  e.  "the  sun  circle  :"  as  it  was 
no  doubt  originally  one  of  those  vast  circular 
earthen  embankments  with  upright  stones  and 
an  altar  in  the  centre,  such  ^s  the  Phoenicians 
erected  at  Amesbury  ;  also  at  the  Giant's  Ring, 
near  Belfast ;  and  at  Greenan  Mountain,  co.  Do- 
negal. The  name  of  the  latter  particularly  car- 
ries us  back  to  remote  antiquity  :  Grian,  i.  e. 
GryncBUS,  and  An,  i.  e.  Ain,  a  circle.  Thus  we 
have  a  connecting  link  between  these  islands  and 
Asia  Minor  from  the  most  ancient  times,  when 
the  Phoenicians  penetrated  to  these  shores  through 
the  pillars  of  Hercules.  It  is  curious  to  note  that 
to  this  day  Baal  is  a  name  of  the  sun  in  Irish  : 
as  in  Bel-ain,  a  year,  i.  e.  "sun  circle  ;"  and  La 
Bal'tinne,  Midsummer  Day,  i.  e.  "  the  day  of  the 
fire  of  Baal,"  from  the  huge  bonfires  that  are  to 
this  day  lighted  on  that  anniversary. 

Fbas.  Ceosslet. 


180 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[2nd  s.  NO  85.,  Aug.  80.  '56. 


':fA  sunbeam  passes  through  pollution  unpolluted." 
(2°^  S.  i.  114.  304.  442.  502.) — Diopfenes  Laertius, 
in  his  Life  of  Diogenes  the  Cynic  (§  63.),  records 
the  following  saying  of  that  philosopher  : 

"  Ilpbs  TOc  oveiSl^ovTa  oti  eis  roirous  aKaddprovi  elcrCoi,  KoX 
yolp  6  i}A.io«,  iij>ij,  eis  Toirs  aTron-arovs,  aAA'  ou  fxiaiverai." 

Zeus. 

Great  Heat  (2""  S.  ii.  131.)  —  To  us,  in  Scot- 
land, it  is  an  extraordinary  idea  to  compare  the 
heat  of  1856  to  that  of  1826,  as  your  correspon- 
dent Karl  seems  inclined  to  do.  Here  rain  has 
fallen  almost  daily  all  summer,  and  the  air  felt 
cold,  the  thermometer  seldom  exceeding  70°.  In 
1826  the  air  was  dry  and  the  heat  intense  for 
three  months.  The  disastrous  consequence  to 
the  crops  was,  that  oats  on  light  soils  were  pulled 
by  hand,  and  barley  was  with  difficulty  mown 
with  either  sickle  or  scythe.  The  straw  of  the 
wheat  was  short,  but  was  capable  of  being  reaped 
and  shocked.  There  was  very  little  hay,  and  the 
pastures  were  burnt  up,  the  cattle  being  half 
starved.  And  yet  sheep  never  throve  better  than 
in  that  season,  and  wheat  was  of  the  finest  quality, 
not  a  single  grain  being  unfilled  in  the  ear.  No 
such  state  of  crops  has  occurred  since  1826.  As 
to  potatoes,  they  were  scanty,  but  of  fine  quality, 
and  at  that  time  no  dire  disease  had  overtaken 
them.  The  turnips  were  small  and  hard.  For 
want  of  straw  and  turnips  the  stock  were  with 
difficulty  brought  through  the  ensuing  winter. 
Having  some  acres  of  rough  boggy  land  in  Forfar- 
shire, I  had  a  considerable  quantity  of  its  coarse 
hay  to  support  my  stock  upon,  and  they  devoured 
it  with  avidity.  Henkt  Stephens. 

Grain  Crops  (2°'i  S.  ii.  88.)  —  There  is  no 
doubt  that  when  the  straw  becomes  ripe  at  the 
root,  before  the  ear,  that  the  crop  may  be  cut 
down,  with  the  advantages  of  securing  it  against 
shaking  by  the  wind,  and  of  ripening  the  ear  in 
the  shock.  Such  always  occurs  in  early  and  fa- 
vourable seasons ;  but  in  late  seasons  the  ear 
ripens  before  any  part  of  the  straw,  in  which  case 
early  cutting  would  find  the  straw  in  too  green  a 
state.  It  will  not,  therefore,  do  to  wait  in  all 
seasons  for  the  ripening  of  the  straw  at  the  root. 
"Whatever  be  the  state  of  the  straw,  it  is  safest  to 
reap  grain  crops  before  the  maturing  of  the  ear, 
and  not  run  the  risk  of  a  wind-shake,  which  at 
times  is  very  disastrous,  especially  in  Scotland. 
No  loss  will  arise  from  cutting  straw  in  a  greenish 
state.  One  year  I  cut  down  a  ridge  of  potato 
oats,  quite  filled,  it  is  true,  but  in  a  very  fresh 
green  state,  to  make  a  way  for  hay  to  be  built 
into  a  stack  in  a  convenient  place.  Both  straw 
and  grain  ripened  fully  in  the  shock,  and  afibrded 
the  most  beautiful  sample  of  each  I  ever  saw. 

Henry  Stephens. 

I' Hey  Johnny  Cope"  (2'«>  S.  ii.  135.)  — The 
original  air  of  this  song  was  composed  by  Thomas 


Connallon,  the  Irish  harper,  in  1660,  in  honour  of 
"  Lady  Iveagh."  Thomas  Connallon  was  born  at 
Cloonmahon,  co.  Sligo,  in  1640 ;  and  in  after  life 
he  settled  at  Edinburgh.  He  introduced  into 
Scotland  the  fine  air  of  "  Lochabar,"  which  was 
composed  by  Miles  O'Reilly,  harper,  of  Killincarn, 
CO.  Cavan,  as  "  a  lament  for  the  battle  of  Augh- 
rim."  O'Reilly  was  born  in  1635.  I  shall  be 
happy  to  send  Dr.  Rimbault  the  score  of  "  Lady 
Iveagh,"  if  he  desires  it.  Fras.  Crosslet. 

Ancient  British  Saints  (2"^  S.  ii.  68.)  — Two  of 
the  saints  of  whom  Mr.  Bitng  speaks  are  noticed 
in  A  Memorial  of  Ancient  British  Piety,  or  a 
British  Martyrology,  London,  1761  ;  and  the  third, 
"  Judicael,"  whose  feast-day  is  December  16,  is 
enumerated  in  the  — 

"  Elenchns  Sanctorum  Beatorum  et  aliquot  Venera- 
bilium  quorum  acta  in  persecutione  operis  Bollandiani 
elucidanda  videntur." 

D.  Rdck. 


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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


181 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  6, 1856. 


^0trif. 


Pope's  Letters  to  Cromwell. — A  writer  in  The 
AtheiKBum  some  two  or  tliree  years  since  pave 
gome  curious  specimens  of  the  manner  in  which 
Pope  doctored  his  published  correspondence.  I 
have  just  found  another  illustration  of  it,  which 
furnishes  at  the  same  time  what  I  think  must  be 
a  satisfactory  proof  that  the  Familiar  Letters  to 
Henry  Cromivell,  Estj.^  by  Mr.  Pope.,  which  are 
included  by  Pope  and  Warburton  in  the  "Cata- 
lojrue  of  Surreptitious  and  Incorrect  Editions  of 
Mr.  Pope's  Letters,"  as  published  in  1727,  were 
really  published  about  that  time,  although  it  is 
understood  that  no  copy  of  such  an  edition  can  be 
found  either  in  the  British  Museum,  the  Bodleian, 
or  in  the  library  of  any  known  collector  of  Pope's 
works. 

The  proof  I  refer  to  is  found  in  the  Dedication 
to  a  Satirical  Poem  published  in  1728,  and  the 
title  of  which  I  may  as  well  give  at  lenjith  :  "  The 
Knight  of  the  Kirk,  or  the  Ecclesiastical  Adven- 
tures of  Sir  John  Presbyter : 

"  French  Epiques  and  Burlesque  the  Age  adorn, 
And  Ordination  sounds  the  Church's  horn." 

Incertl  Auth. 

The   Second  Edition.     London :    Printed  for  M. 

Smith  in  Corvhill.     1728.     {Price  \s.  Qd.)" 

This  Dedication  is  addressed  "To  Messieurs 
Cnurayer  and  Voltaire,"  and  concludes  with  the 
following  : 

"  P.  S.  Alexander  Pope,  Esq.,  in  his  Familiar  Letters 
to  Henry  Cromwell,  Esq.,  pag.  50.  and  51.,  hath  in  Honour 
of  the  Church,  made  the  following  Comparison  between 
Clergymen  and  Constables,  viz. : 

"  '  Pkiests  indeed  in  their  Character,  as  they  represent 
Gon,  are  sacred ;  and  so  are  Constables  as  they  repre- 
sent the  King;  but  you  will  own  a  great  manj' "of  them 
are  very  odd  Fellows,  and  the  Devil  a  Bit  of  Likeness  in 
'em.  And  so  much  for  Priests  hi  general,  now  for  Tkapp 
in  particular,  whose  Translations  from  Ovid  I  have  not  so 
good  an  Opinion  of  as  you  ;  but  as  to  the  Psalm,  he  has 
paraphrased,  I  think  David  is  much  more  beholden  to 
him  than  Ovid,  and  as  he  treated  the  Roman  like  the  Jew, 
so  he  has  made  the  Jew  speak  like  a  Roman.' 

"  These  Lettehs  of  Mr.  Pope's  are  in  Two  Volumes, 
Price  but  5s.,  and  ought  to  be  read  in  all  Christian  Fa- 
milies. 

"  Speedily  will  be  publish'd  Familiar  Letters.  The 
last  Volume  by  Mr.  Pope  and  Company.    Price  2s.  6d." 

So  stood  most  probably  the  passage  in  the  original 
letter.  But  when  it  came  to  be  revised  for  an 
authorised  edition,  Trapp's  name  was  altogether 
omitted.  For  at  p.  104.  of  The  Works  of  Alex- 
ander Pope,  Esq.  Vol.  V.  Consisting  of  Letters 
wherein  to  tho.<ie  of  the  Author's  own  Edition,  are 
added  all  that  are  genuine  from  the  former  Impres- 
sions,   with  some  never  before  printed.     London: 


Printed  for  J.  Roberts,  mdccxxxvii.  ;  as  also  in 
Warburton's  edition  (1751),  vol.  vii.  pp.  136  — 
137,  the  concluding  passage  reads  as  follows  :  — 

"  Yet  I  can  assure  you,  I  honour  the  good  as  much  as 
I  detest  the  bad,  and  I  think,  that  in  condemning  these, 
we  praise  those.  The  translations  from  Ovid  I  have  not 
80  f'ood  an  opinion  of  as  you,  because  I  tliiiik  they  have 
little  of  the  main  characteristic  of  this  author,  a  graceful 
easiness.  For  let  the  sense  be  ever  so  exactly  render'd, 
unless  an  author  looks  like  himself,  in  his  air,  habit,  and 
manner,  'tis  a  disguise,  and  not  a  translation.  But  as  to 
the  Psalm,  I  think  David  is  much  more  beholden  to  the 
translator  than  Ovid ;  and  as  he  treated  tiie  Roman  like 
a  Jew,  so  he  has  made  the  Jew  speak  like  a  Roman." 

But  it  is  also  curious  that  while  the  letter  itself 
is  altogether  omitted  from  Pppe's  acknowledged 
edition,  the  4to.  of  1735,  it  occurs  in  Curll's 
edition  of  Pope's  Letters,  published  in  that  same 
year,  1735  (vol.  i.  pp.299,  300.),  and  also  in  the 
edition  "  Printed  and  sold  by  the  Booksellers  of 
London  and  Westminster,  mdccxxxv."  (pp.  150, 
151.),  with  another^Veading,  making  a  third  ver- 
sion of  this  same  passage  : 

"  Yet  I  can  assure  you,  I  honor  the  good  as  much  as  I 
detest  the  bad,  and  I  think,  that  in  condemning  these, 
we  praise  those.  I  am  so  far  from  esteeming  even  the 
worst  unworthy  of  my  protection,  that  I  have  defended 
their  character  (in  Congreve's  and  Vanlirugh's  Plays) 
even  against  their  own  Brethren.  And  so  much  for 
Priests  in  general,  now  for  Trapp  in  particular,  whose 
Translations  from  Ovid  I  have  not  so  good  an  opinion  of 
as  you  ;  not  (I  will  assure  you)  from  any  sort  of  prejudice 
to  him  as  a  Priest,  bur  hecause  1  think  he  has  liftie'of  the 
main  chnracteristick  of  his  Author,  a  graceful  easine.ss. 
For  let  the  sense  be  ever  so  exactly  rendered,  unless  an 
Author  looks  like  himself,  in  his  air,  hal)it,  manner,  'tis  a 
Disfruise  and  not  a  Translation.  But  as  to  the  P.-^alm,  I 
think  David  is  much  more  beholden  to  him  than  Ovid; 
and  as  he  treated  the  Roman  like  a  Jew,  so  he  has  made 
the  Jew  speak  like  a  Roman," 

If  you  agree  with  me  in  thinking  this  little  fact 
deserves  the  attention  of  Pope's  intending 
editors,  you  will  perhaps  give  it  a  corner  in  "  N. 
&  Q."  C.  P. 


"  Rape  of  the  Lock."  —  A  correspondent  (1"  S. 
iv.  315.),  speaking  of  Upton  Court,  which  be- 
longed to  the  Perkins'  family,  refers  to  a  tradition 
"  that  Pope  wrote  the  Rape  of  the  Lock  there:" 
and  he  wishes  to  know,  "  if  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents can  confirm  this  fact  from  authentic 
evidence?"  I  think  not.  The  poem  was  written 
and  published,  and  remodelled  and  republished 
with  a  Dedication,  before  Arabella  Fermor  of 
Tusmore  became  Mrs.  Perkins  of  Upton  Court. 
I  know  of  no  circumstance  that  should  lead  us  to 
infer  that  Pope  even  knew  Mr.  Perkins  before  the 
marriage  ;  none  that  he  visited  him  after  the  mar- 
riage. I  doubt  indeed  whether  Pope  knew  the 
lady  when  the  poem  was  written ;  and,  though  he 
had  certain  formul  communications  with  her  about 
the  Dedication,  I  do  not  remember  any  circum- 
stances that  should  lead  us  to  believe  that  he 


182 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  36.,  Skpt.  6.  '56. 


visited  at  Tusmore.  The  poem,  as  the  poem  itself 
certifies,  was  suggested  by  Caryll,  a  friend  to  the 
parties,  in  the  hope  of  reconciling  them.  It  was 
struck  off  at  a  heat,  as  Pope  told  Spence.  Pope 
certainly,  at  the  time  it  was  written,  did  not  know 
Lord  Petrie ;  and  the  presentation  copies  to  both 
Lord  Petrie  and  Mrs.  Fermor  were  forwarded 
through  Mr.  Bedingfield.  Bedingfield's  letter  to 
Pope  on  this  subject  is  still  preserved  amongst  the 
Homer  MSS.  in  the  British  Museum.  Here  is 
an  extract.  The  writer  was  suffering  from  the 
gout,  and  obliged  to  be  brief:  — 

"  Gray  Inn,  May  26th,  1712. 
"  S"",  Last  night  I  had  y«  favour  of  y"  of  y«  eleventh 
Instant,  and,  according  to  yf  directions  therein,  I  have 
enclosed  the  copy  for  Lord  Petre  and  for  Mrs.  Belle  Fer- 
mor ;  she  is  out  of  Towne,  and  therefore  all  I  can  do  is  to 
leave  her  pacquet  at  her  lodging .  . .  ." 

R.  O.  L. 


Pope  and  Warhurton.  —  In  the  correspondence 
which  took  place  in  1854,  C.  suggested  (1"  S.  x. 
109.),  that  your  correspondents  shoixld  "look  out 
sharply  for  any  set,  or  even  odd  volumes,  which 
couM  have  belonged  to  the  edition  that  Pope  and 
Warburton  were  preparing."  I  therefore  trouble 
you  with  this  communication.  About  the  publi- 
cation of  The  Dunciad,  prepared  for  that  edition, 
there  can  be  no  doubt.  You  refer  to  it  in  your 
Notes  (1"  S.  X.  519.),  and  .you  quote  the  an- 
nouncement on  the  back  of  the  title-page  : 

"  Speedily  will  be  published,  in  the  same  paper  and 
character,  to  be  bound  up  with  this  [copy  of  The  Dun- 
ciad].  The  Essay  on  Man,  The  Essay  on  Criticism,  and 
the  rest  of  the  author's  original  Poems,  with  the  Com- 
mentaries and  Notes  of  VV.  Warburton,  M.A." 

I  suspect  that  the  question  raised  relates  to  an 
edition  of  "  the  rest  of  the  author's  original  Poems ;" 
but  I  think  it  right  to  inform  you  that  I  lately 
purchased  a  quarto  volume,  containing  a  copy  of 
*'  The  Dunciad,  Sfc,  1 743 ;  An  Essay  on  Man,  being 
the  First  Book  of  Ethic  Epistles  to  H.  St.  John 
L.  BoUnghroke.  With  the  Commentary  and  Notes 
of  W.  Warburton,  A.M.  London,  printed  by  W. 
Bowyer,  for  M.  Cooper,  at  the  Globe  in  Pater- 
noster-row, MDCcxLiii.";  and  '•'■  An  Essay  on  Criti- 
cism. Written  in  the  year  mdccix.  With  the  Com- 
mentary and  Notes  of  W.  Warburton,  A.M." 

These  several  works  have  each  a  separate 
paging,  but  are  "  in  the  same  paper  and  cha- 
racter." The  volume  is  in  the  original  binding, 
and  lettered  "  Pope's  Dunciad,  Essay  on  Man  and 
Criticism."  P.  A.  W. 


Pope  at  Cambridge.  —  Johnson,  in  his  Life  of 
Broome,  says  that  Broome  was  introduced  to  Pope 
when  Pope  was  on  a  visit  to  Sir  John  Cotton's,  at 
Madingley,  near  Cambridge,  and  gained  so  much 
of  his  esteem  that  he  was  employed  to  make  ex- 
tracts from  Eustathius  for  the  notes  to  the  Iliad, 


This  meeting  at  Sir  John  Cotton's  must  therefore 
have  taken  place  in  or  before,  say,  1720.  It  is 
not  probable  that  Pope  would  have  been  at  Mad- 
ingley without  visiting  Cambridge.  Is  there  any 
evidence  that  he  was  at  Cambridge  at  or  about 
that  time,  or  at  any  time  ?  Camb. 


Epigram  on  the  Frontispiece  to  "  The  Dunciad." 
—  I  found  the  following  epigram  on  a  fly-leaf  of 
The  Dunciad,   8vo.  edition,   1729.      The   copyist 
states  that  it  appeared  in  The  Daily  Gazetteer, 
about  Dec.  18,  1738: 
"  Pallas  for  Wisdom  priz'd  her  favorite  Owl, 
Pope  for  its  Dulness  chose  the  self-same  Fowl : 
Which  shall  we  choose,  or  which  shall  we  despise, 
If  Pope  is  witty,  Pallas  is  not  wise." 

P.  D. 


INEDITED  LETTER  FROM  DEAN  SWIFT  —  ON  THE 
DEATH  or  MRS.  LONG. 

I  enclose  you  a  copy  of  an  unpublished  letter  of  Dean 
Swift.  I  do  not  find  Ann  Long  mentioned  in  the  pedigree 
of  Long  of  Westminster  given  in  Burke's  Extinct  Baro- 
netcies. Does  it  appear  that  the  Dean  carried  out  his  in- 
tention of  erecting  a  monument  in  Lynn  church  to  his 
friend's  memory  ?  J.  P. 

Stamford. 

To  the  Rev.  Mr.  Pyle,  Minister  of  Lynn, 
Norfolk. 

Sir,  London,  Dec.  26,  1711. 

That  you  may  not  be  surprised  with  a  letter 
from  a  person  utterly  unknown  to  you,  I  will  im- 
mediately tell  you  the  occasion  of  it.  The  Lady 
who  lived  near  two  years  in  your  neighbourhood, 
and  whom  you  were  so  kind  sometimes  to  visit, 
under  the  name  of  Mrs.  Smith,  was  Ann  Long, 
sister  to  S"^  James  Long  and  niece  to  Colonel 
Strangeways.  She  was  of  as  good  a  private  family 
as  most  in  JEngland,  and  had  every  valuable  quality 
both  of  body  and  mind  that  could  make  a  lady 
loved  and  esteemed.  Accordingly  she  was  always 
valued  here  above  most  of  her  sex,  and  by  the 
most  distinguished  persons  ;  but  by  the  unkind- 
ness  of  her  friends  and  generosity  of  her  own 
nature,  and  depending  on  the  death  of  a  very  old 
Grandmother  which  did  not  happen  till  it  was  too 
late,  she  contracted  some  debts  that  made  her  un- 
easy here,  and  in  order  to  clear  them  was  content 
to  retire  to  your  Town,  where  I  fear  her  death  was 
hastened  by  melancholy,  and  perhaps  for  want  of 
such  assistance  as  she  might  have  had  here. 

I  thought  fit  to  signify  this  to  you,  partly  to  lett 
you  know  how  valuable  a  person  you  have  lost,  but 
chiefly  to  desire  that  you  will  bury  her  in  some 
part  of  your  church,  near  a  wall  where  a  plain 
marble  stone  may  be  fixt,  as  a  poor  monument  for 
one  who  deserved  so  well,  and  which,  if  God  sends 
me  life,  I  intend  one  day  to  place  there,  if  no  other 
of  her  friends  will  think  fitt  to  do  it. 


2»d  s.  No  36.,  Sett.  6.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


183 


I  had  the  Honor  to  be  intimately  acquainted 
with  her,  and  was  never  bO  sensioly  toucued  with 
any  one's  death  as  with  hers,  neither  did  1  ever 
know  a  person  of  either  sex  with  more  virtues  or 
fewer  intirmitys,  the  only  one  she  had  (which  was 
the  neglect  of  her  own  atf")  arising  only  from  the 
goodness  ol'  her  temper. 

I  write  not  this  at  all  as  a  secret,  but  am  con- 
tent your  Town  should  know  what  an  excellent 
person  they  have  had  among  them. 

If  you  visited  her  any  short  time  before  her 
death,  or  know  any  particulars  about  it,  as  of  the 
state  of  her  mind,  or  the  nature  of  her  disease,  I 
beg  you  will  be  so  obliging  as  to  inform  me.  If  or 
the  letter  we  received  from  her  poor  maid  is  so 
imperfect  by  her  grief  for  the  loss  of  so  good  a 
Lady,  that  it  only  tells  the  time  of  her  death,  &c. 
Your  letter  may  be  directed  to  me  at  the  Earl  of 
Dartmouth's  House  at  Whitehall. 

I  hope  you  will  forgive  this  trouble  for  the 
occasion  of  it,  and  give  some  allowances  to  so 
great  a  loss  not  only  to  me  but  to  all  who  have 
any  regard  for  every  perfection  that  Human  Na- 
ture can  possess ;  and  if  in  any  way  I  can  serve  or 
oblige  you  I  shall  be  glad  of  an  opportunity  of 
obeying  your  commands. 
I  am,  S', 

Your  most  hble  Servant, 

Jonathan  Swift. 


ILLUSTRATIONS   OF   MACAULAT. 

The  following  broadsides  I  found  in  the  copy  of 
2^he  History  of  Passive  Obedieneey  in  which  were 
transcribed  the  two  sets  of  verses  communicated 
by  me  to  "  N.  &  Q."  of  the  23rd  August.        J.  B. 

"  The  New  Oath  Examined,  and  found  Guilty." 

"  Since  Oaths  are  Solemn,  Serious  Things, 
The  best  Security  to  Kings ; 
And  since  we'ave  all  Allegiance  swore 

To  J as  King,  or  Successor; 

I  can't  imagine,  liow  we  may 

Swear  that  or  Fealty  away. 

Nought  sure  but  Death  or  Resignation 

Can  tree  us  from  that  Obligation. 

All  Oaths  are  vain,  both  those  and  these, 

If  we  may  break  'em,  as  we  please. 

And  did  1  fairly  swallow  both, 

Who'de  give  a  Farthiug  for  my  Oath  ? 

If  you  affirm,  as  many  do. 
They  both  consistent  are,  and  true. 

I  ask,  Can  you  Two  Masters  serve. 
And  never  from  your  Duty  swerve  ? 
Or  can  you  True  Allegiance  bear 
To  Two  at  once,  and  not  forswear? 
What's  due  to  J if  W have, 


And  J have  what  you  fF gave  ? 

It's  plain,  you're  false  to  both,  and  shou'd 
Or  take  no  Oaths,  or  make  'em  good, 
Which  here  you  cannot,  if  you  wou'd.       _, 
Nor  will  these  Oaths,  as  some  contend, 
To  your  own  private  Meaning  bend. 


} 


'} 


You  swear  to  each  as  to  a  King, 
And  ought  to  mean  the  self  same  Thing. 
And  'tis  Allegiance  Full  and  True 
Is  sworn  to  both,  to  both  as  due. 

To  say,  fhe  People  have  a  Right"] 
Kings  to  depose,  as  they  see  fit, 
Is  Popery,  or  as  bad  as  it. 
There  is  no  Law,  or  Charter  for't : 
Kings  can't  be  try'd  in  any  Court. 
Srads/iaiv's  High  Court  had  but  the  Name 
Of  Justice,  and  was  Bradslmiv's  Shame. 

But  that's  by  all  condemn'd 

Or  he  that  dares  such  Presidents  plead, ") 
Deserves,  like  him,  to  lose  his  Head,  > 
And  hang  for't,  or  alive  or  dead.  J 

Now  to  condemn  the  King  untry'd, 
Seems  something  worse  than  Bradshaw  did. 
'Tis  English  Priviledge  to  be  heard, 
Before  the  Judge  can  give  Awaid. 

I  know,  some  Conquest  plead,  and  say. 
The  King  was  driv'n  and /orc'd  away. 
Convention  though  pleads  Abdication, 
Because  tinforc'd  he  left  the  Nation. 
Hard  'tis  these  Things  to  reconcile : 
He  chose  to  leave  us  'gainst  his  ff^ill. 
These  Pleas  and  Proofs  are  opposite. 
And  cannot  both  be  True  and  Right : 
A  Sign  their  Cause  is  desperate, 
They'd  something  say,  but  know  not  what. 
Their  Non-agreement  is  enough 
To  shew  each  Plea  of  theirs  wants  proof. 

Now  as  for  Conquest,  Why  shou'd  we 
Make  Slaves  of  People  that  are  Free  ? 
Why  shou'd  we  make  so  much  ado 
'Bout  what  Prince  ne'er  pretended  to  ? 
He  from  Convention  took  the  Crown : 
Convention  plac'd  him  in  the  Throne : 
Convention  gave  him  all  his  Pow'r : 
Convention  made  the  Oaths  you  swore. 
And  therefore  if  to  him  we'de  swear, 
'Tis  as  their  High  Commissioner. 
And  if  they  have  no  Right  to  chuse. 
We  may  Allegiance  refuse. 
We  may  and  ought  to  keep  't  entire 
For  Lawful  King,  and  Lawful  Heir. 

If  People  say,  they  have  such  Right : 
They  ought  to  shew  how  they  came  by't. 
If  People  made  their  Sov'reign  Lord, 
They  ought  to  shew  it  by  Record. 
The  Law  o  th'  Land  says  no  such  Thing : 
By  Law  Succession  makes  the  King.   ' 
They  can't  plead  Scripture,  if  they  wou'd  ; 
The  Scripture  says,  All  Pow'r's  from  God. 
God  says  nimself.  By  me  Kings  Reign ; 
'Tis  he  doth  Higher  Powders  Ordain, 
'Tis  he  doth  make  them  all  Supream ; 
The  People's  Choice  is  People  s  Dream. 

Nor  can  you  prove  by  Law  of  Nature, 
That  Princes  are  the  People's  Creature. 
'Tis  plain,  the  People  never  gave 
What  they  ne're  had,  nor  cou'd  they  have ; 
I  mean,  the  Power,  which  Princes  bear : " 
If  People  had  it,  make't  appear, 
And  tell  us  who,  and  when,  and  where. 
Our  King  has  Pow'r  o're  Subjects  Lives, 
By  Law  he  takes  away,  or  gives. 
The  Sword  the  People  never  bore. 
They  ne're  o're  their  own  Lives  had  Pow'r. 
Self-Murder  never  was  ailow'd 
By  Law  of  Nature,  or  of  God. 
Wherefore  the  Pow'r  which  Kings  have  now, 
The  People  never  cou'd  bestow. 


}' 


184 


NOTES  AND   QUERIES.  [2-*  S.  no  36,  Sept.  6. '6fi. 


} 


] 


■} 


Indeed  for  Self-Defence  to  fight 

'Gainst  private  Foes  was  Nature's  Right. 

They  ever  had  it,  and  still  have  it, 

And  therefore  to  their  Prince  ne're  gave  it. 

Besides,  the  Magistrate's  empowr'd 

In  other  cases  t'use  the  Sword. 

Though  Vengeance  is  the  Subject's  Crime, 

It's  very  innocent  in  him. 

Vengeance  belongs  to  God  alone : 

Who  has  it  not  from  God,  has  none. 

In  state  of  Nature  People  were 

All  free  and  equal,  and  cou'd  ne're 

That  Pow'r  possess,  much  less  confer. 

No,  'tis  the  Prince  Gods  place  supplies: 

'Tis  his  Prerogative  to  chastise 

The  Evil,  redress  Injuries. 

If  Rulers  are  for  publick  Good 

Their  Jus  divinum's  understood. 

Unerring  Wisdom  can't  be  thought 

To  leave  the  Choice  to  giddy  Rout. 

But  granting  Peoples  Right,  I  say, 
They  ought  not,  cou'd  not  give't  away. 
In  vain  had  they  such  Right  from  Heaven, 
If  they  shou'd  part  with't,  'soon  as  given. 
It  were  Impiety  and  Sin 
To  give  away  a  Right  Divine. 

Nor  is  it  like,  they'd  all  consent 
To  lose  their  share  of  ijovernment. 
Nor  cou'd  they  meet  all  for  a  Choice, 
That  ev'ry  Jlan  might  give  his  Voice. 
Some  might  be  Busy,  others  Sick  ; 
Some  their  Proceedinijs  might  dislike. 
Now  if  they  all  were  free  before. 
How  cou'd  those,  who  did  ne're  concur. 
Lose  that  their  Liberty  and  Pow'r.' 

These  Knots,  and  such  like,  I  defy 
Pretended  Patriots  to  unty. 
Be  sure  they  can't :  And  then  their  Cause 
Is  grown  much  weaker  by  the  Laws. 
The  Laws  which  own  our  Kings  Divine, 
And  tye  the  Crown  to  Royal  Line. 
The  Laws,  which  make  Allegiance  due 
Without  your  Oaths,  or  theirs  to  you. 
The  Laws,  which  give  to  ev'ry  Man  his  own. 
To  People  their  Estates,  to  Kings  their  Crown. 

Some  idly  fancy,  That  protection 
Doth  nat'rally  infer  Subjection. 
To  which,  I  say,  if  this  were  True, 
Subjection  were  ev'en  Cromwers  due. 
He  was  Protector,  (Name  and  Thing) 
He  did  th'  whole  Office  of  a  King. 
No,  'tis  a  Right  for  to  Protect  us, 
Can  only  Lawfully  Subject  na. 
Who  has  no  Right  to  Englands  Throne, 
To  Englands  Fealty  can  have  none. 
And  when  the  lawful  King's  turn'd  out, 
(Whose  will  to  govern  is  past  doubt.) 
It  is  not  Merit,  but  a  Crime 
His  People  to  Protect  'gainst  him. 
It  is  to  keep  him  from  his  Right 
Who  wou'd  Protect  us,  if  he  might. 
It  is  to  make  himself  Supreme, 
And  to  Protect  himself,  not  them. 
It's  to  maintain  his  Usurpation, 
And  to  entail  on  Captive  Nation 
A  lasting  War,  and  Desolation. 
And  is  this  such  a  mighty  Favour, 
As  to  deserve  the  Name  of  Saviour? 
For  my  part,  I  shou'd  give  him  rather 
A  harder  Name  than  that  of  Father. 
And  with  the  Cynick  wish  him  gone. 
Not  stand  betwisLt  me  and  the  Suu. 


Lit. 


If  where  it's  due,  we  pay  SuhJectioHt 
My  Friends,  we  shall  not  want  Protection. 
And  now,  I  think  I've  made  it  clear, 
We  cannot  with  good  Conscience  swear. 
We  cannot  take  Oaths  Old  and  New, 
And  to  both  Faithful  prove,  and  True. 
And  if  I  must  Starve  or  Comply  : 
Be  sure,  I  wou'd  not  swear,  I'de  die. 
I'de  suffer  ought  for  my  dear  Saviour's  Laws, 

Who  dy'd  for  me ^^ 

I  can't  well  suffer  in  a  better  Case." 


Difficult 


The   poo?'    Lay-man's   Resolution 
Times.  — 

"  All  in  amaze  at  what  is  past,  I  stood. 
Doubting  within  my  self,  what's  Bad,  what's  Good; 
Surpris'd  at  this  so  strange  and  sudden  Turn, 
At  which  such  Numbers  joy'd,  so  few  did  inourn. 
Where  am  I  now,  thought  I?    What!    Have  I  past 
So  long  in  Truth's  Plain  Path,  and  now  at  last, 
After  a  Race  of  Fifty  Years  and  more, 
Doubt  that  same  Truth  that  Best  Men  own'd  before ! 

"  Away,  Away. 

"  That  Lawful  Kings  God's  own  Anointed  are. 
And  have  from  him  that  Royal  Crown  they  wear: 
From  him  their  Scepter,  and  from  him  their  Sword, 
Are  Truths  <\i»pera'd  throughout  the  Sacred  IVord : 
That  calls  'em  Gods,  and  bids  us  them  obey; 
To  Honour  them  is  a  just  Debt  we  pay: 
That  bids  us  not  resist,  and  if  we  do. 
Tells  us  we  shall  be  dnmn'd  for  doing  so. 
If  Kings  command  what's  ///,  we  must,  in  short. 
Not  do't,  because  'tis  111,  but  suffer  for't. 

"  Now  tell  me.  Learned  Priests,  if  this  ben't  true ; 
And  if  it  be,  what  will  become  of  you? 

"  You  Reverend  Clergy,  that  have  heretofore 
With  these  same  Doctrines  made  vour  Pulpits  roar; 
And  boldly  to  the  VVorhl.  in  Print,  made  known. 
That  'tis  the  Scriptures  Sence,  as  'twas  your  own  : 
Your  own,  until  that  fatal  Tarn  of  State, 
T'our  Wonder  and  our  Ruin  chanc'd  of  late: 
Your  own,  until  that  TryctZ  came;  and  then. 
Though  call'd  Divines,  you  shew'd  your  selves  but  Men  : 
Then,  when,  like  Truth's  bold  Champions,  bravely  you 
Should,  though  to  Death  ther<e  Sacred  Points  persue ; 
Tamely  and  basely  you  the  Cause  forsook, 
Betray'd  the  Church,  and  vour  Allegiarce  broke. 
Good  God  !   What  Fears,  VVIiat  Thirst  of  Wealth  will  do ! 
Even  among  such  Holy  Men  as  you.  ' 

"  Poor  me'  What  shall  I  do?  What  shall  I  say? 
Where  shall  I  go?  when  thus  our  Guides  do  stray. 
But,  God  be  thank'd,  they  are  not  tainted  all : 
Some  yet  remain,  that  have  not  bow'd  to  Baal ; 
Whose  Praises  for  a  loftier  Muse  do  call. 

"  But  let  them  stray  that  will ;  I'le  keep  the  Road, 
And  tread  the  Steps  our  late  Fore-Fathers  trod: 
I'le  Fear  my  God,  Honour  my  Lawful  King : 
I'le  meddle  not  with  those  that  Changes  bring. 
Fix'd  on  a  Rock,  I'm  sure  I  firmly  stand  ; 
Let  Storms  now  rage  by  Sea,  or  roar  by  Land. 
Here  then  I'le  fix,  here  shall  my  Center  be: 
And  let  the  World  turn  which  way  'twill  for  me. 
Lord  !  Keep  me ;  for  I  wholly  trust  in  Thee. 

"  AMEN.    AMEN." 


4 


2»<»  S.  »»  36.,  Sept.  6.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


185 


CHURCH   FUEKITUBE    OF   HOBBLING,    LINCOLN. 

There  is  a  manuscript  among  the  records  In  the 
Will  Office,  wiihin  tiie  Exchequer  gate,  Lincoln, 
the  existence  of  which  is,  I  believe,  nearly  un- 
known. It  is  a  thick  foolscap  folio  volume, 
slightly  imperfect,  and  in  very  bad  condition  as 
far  as  binding  is  concerned,  containing  lists  of 
the  church  furniture  and  articles  necessary  for 
the  performance  of  Catholic  worship  destroyed  or 
put  to  profane  use  in  many  of  the  parishes  within 
the  diocese  of  Lincoln,  during  the  early  part  of 
the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth.  Whether  other 
volumes  are  in  existence  containing  lists  relating 
to  the  parishes  not  occurring  in  this  volume,  I 
am  unable  to  state.  I  have  not  been  permitted 
to  copy  more  tlian  a  few  pages  of  this  curious 
document ;  perhaps  some  one  who  has  greater 
powers  of  persuasion  or  coercion  than  I  have  may 
be  more  fortunate.  If  any  one  should  obtain  a 
copy,  he  will  confer  a  very  great  favour  by  per- 
mitting nie  to  have  af^cess  to  it  for  a  day  or  two. 
This  notice  will  probably  at  least  have  the  effect 
of  preventing  furtlier  mutilation  or  decay. 

I  append  the  entry  for  the  parish  of  Horbling 
as  a  specimen  of  the  nature  of  the  manuscript : 

"  HORBLINGE. 

"  Thinventarie  of  all  suehe  copes,  vestmentes,  and 
other  nionumentes  of  superstition  as  reniayned  at  any 
tyme  w'in  the  p'isiie  church  of  Horblin^^e  sens  the  deathe 
of  the  lat  quene  marie,  made  by  Thomas  lluckmyiist' 
and  Johnne  Burgies,  churchwardens,  the  xviij"*  daie  of 
marche,  Ao  dni  1565. 

"In  p'inis  the  Iinagies  of  the  roode,  mare,  and  Johnne, 
and  all  other  Imagies  of  papistrie  One  Thomas  wrigiite 
had  and  receauid  in  Ao  p'mo  Elizabeth,  wVh  he  brake 
and  burnte,  Johnne  Browne  and  Robert  peile  being 
churchwardens. 

"  Itm.  all  the  masse  bookes,  portases,  mannuelles,  le- 
gendes,  grailes,  cowchrs,  and  all  otiier  booiis  of  papistrie 
were  sold  to  Johnne  Craile,  mercer,  by  vs  Thomas  Bck- 
mynster  and  Johnne  Biirgeis,  sens  tlie  last  visitacon 
holden  at  ancaster  the  xix"'  of  fFebruarie  1565,  whoe 
haithe  defaced  the  same  ia  teringe  and  breaking  of  theim 
to  put  spice  in. 

"  Itm.  the  roode  lofte  taken  downe  by  Johnne  Craile 
and  Johnne  Browne,  whoe  sold  the  same  to  Robert  Gaw- 
thorne  and  Johnne  Craile,  whoe  haith  made  a  weavers 
Comb  therof,  and  made  windoes  and  such  like  thinges., 

"/<m.  iij  alter  stones  ar  broken  and  troughes  and 
bridges  ar  made  of  theim. 

"7<m.  two  vestmentes,  the  one  haith  Thomas  Wrighte, 
of  liorblinge,  and  haith  cut  yt  in  peces  and  made  bedde 
hanginges  therof;  And  tliother  was  geven  to  Richard 
Col  Sonne  a  scolder,  and  he  haith  made  a  players  cote 
therof,  in  An"  pmo  Elizabeth. 

"  Itm.  two  Albes  was  cut  in  peces  and  surplishea  made 
therof  to  serve  for  o^  churche. 

"■Itm.  the  sepulcre  was  sold  to  Robert  lond,  and  he 
saith  lie  haith  made  a  preese  therof. 

"/tni.  the  crosse,  sensors,  crismatorie  w*  two  hand- 
belles,  two  candlestickes  w*  crewittes  and  pax  and  ail 
other  thinges  of  bras  was  broken  in  peces  and  sold  to 
Johnne  Skipp  sens  Christmas  last  past. 

"  Itm.  a  hollie  water  fatt  of  stone  broken. 


"Itm.  three  banner  clothes,  w'ch  were  geven  awaie  to 
childerne  to  make  plaiers  cotes  of,  anno  piho  Elizabeth. 

"  Ex'  apud  Lincoln  in  domo  Mr.  Johannis  Aelmer 
Archiii  Lincoln  clausnm  Lincoln  cora  R"*"  pre'  dno  nico 
Lincoln   Epo  Joliii   Aelmer   Archno  Lincoln  et  Georgio 

monnsoune  generos  Com'ss  regiis pa'  tia 

Thome  Tailor  notarii  publici." 

Edward  Peacock. 

Manor  Farm,  Bottesford,  Brigg. 


MEMORIALS    OP   THE   CIVIL   WAES. 

The  following  unpublished  letter,  from  King 
Charles  L  to  the  corporation  of  Wells,  will,  I  feel 
sure,  prove  of  sufficient  interest  to  entitle  it  to 
preservation  in  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  It  is 
copied  from  the  original,  which  remains  with  the 
public  records  of  the  city.  The  royal  army  was 
then  on  its  way  through  the  Western  Counties, 
having  on  the  2nd  of  the  same  month  of  July 
been  almost  annihilated  at  Marston  Moor  ;  and  it 
seems  evident,  from  the  contents  of  the  letter, 
that  the  king's  exchequer  was  then  at  a  very  low 
ebb. 

Mells,  fiom  whence  the  letter  is  dated,  and  at 
which  place  his  majesty  then  held  his  court,  is  the 
ancient  family  seat  of  the  Homers,  and  lies  about 
four  miles  from  Frome.  This  family  formerly 
resided  at  Clofbrd,  a  short  distance  fiom  Mells  ; 
but  soon  after  the  dissolution  of  the  great  mo- 
nastic establishment  at  Glastonbury,  they  iicquired 
Mells  by  purchase  from  the  crown,  with  other 
large  possessions  of  the  Abbey;  which  circum- 
stance connected  the  name  with  the  old  local 
distich  : 

"  Horner,  Popham,  Wyndham,  and  Thynne, 
When  the  abbot  came  out,  then  they  came  in." 

At  the  time  of  the  king's  visit  the  possessor  of 
Mells  was  Sir  John  Horner,  Knt. ;  who  was  de- 
voted to  the  king,  and  a  son-in-law  of  the  well- 
known  loyalist  Sir  George  Speke  of  White 
Lackington.  He  was  High  Sheriff  of  Somerset, 
14  James  I. ;  and  Knight  of  the  Shire  for  his 
native  county  in  1626,  and  again  in  1654.  Several 
of  his  descendants  have  had  the  same  honour  at 
subsequent  periods. 

At  the  upper  part  of  the  letter  the  royal  auto- 
graph is  written  in  a  clear  bold  hand. 

«  Charles  R. 
"  Trusty  and  welbeloved,  Wee  greete  you  well. 
Whereas  VV'ee  have  for  the  defence  and  preservation  of 
Our  good  Subjects  of  this  Our  County,  and  other  Our 
western  parts  (of  whose  hn'alty  and  good  affection  to  Us 
Wee  have  had  so  much  testimonv),  advanced  hitlier  with 
Our  Army,  which  Wee  intend  so  to  governe  as  that  they 
sliall  not  bee  any  opprt-ssiou  to  Our  people;  Wherefore 
Wee  doe  expect  that  Our  good  Subjects  will  endeavour  to 
supply  Us  (as  much  as  they  are  able)  for  theire  support : 
And  wee  having  taken  perticuier  notice  of  the  constant 
readvnesse  and  affection  of  the  Corporation  of  Our  Citty 
of  Wells  to  Us  and  Our  cause ;  Wee  doe  now  send  vnto 


186 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»«»  S.  No  36.,  Sep«  6, 


you  Our  trusty  and  welbeloved  Servant  John  Ashburn- 
ham,  Esq'.,  one  of  Our  bedchamber,  and  Our  Treasurer 
at  VVair,  whoine  Wee  pray  you  speedily  to  furnish  by 
■way  of  ioane  with  the  some  of  500/.  for  Our  most  im- 
portant service,  to  bee  raysed  amongst  you  as  you  shall 
find  best.  Wee  hereby  assuring  you  Wee  shall  take  per- 
ticuler  care  to  repay  it  soe  soon  as  God  shall  enable  Us : 
Wherefore  We  doubt  not  but  you  will  with  all  expedi- 
tion and  cheerfuUnesse  comply  with  Our  desires  therein 
that  soe  vpon  his  retorne  Wee  may  have  greater  cause  to 
retayne  you  in  Our  favour  and  good  opinion,  and  soe  give 
you  Our  Princely  thanks.  So  Wee  bid  you  farewell. 
"  From  Our  Court  at  Mells,  this  18'^  of  July,  1644, 
"  By  his  Mat<='  Command, 

"  Edw.  Walker. 
"  The  Maior,  Aldermen,  and 
Corporation  of  Wells." 

[_ Address  outside^  :  — 
"  To  Our  trusty  and  wellbeloved  the  Mayor,  Aldermen, 
and  Corporation  of  the  Citty  of  Wells." 

The  city  records  afford  abundant  evidence  of 
the  frequent  and  heavy  sacrifices  the  citizens  were 
obliged  to  bear  at  the  troublesome  and  eventful 
period  to  which  I  am  now  referring.  It  will  be 
seen  by  the  following  acknowledgments  (also 
copied  from  the  originals),  that  instead  of  a  loan, 
the  corporation  sent  the  king  100^.  as  a  "  free 
present,"  besides  200  pairs  of  shoes ;  although 
from  the  corporate  records  it  would  appear  that 
attempts  were  made  to  raise  the  5001-,  apparently 
without  effect.  The  lOOZ.,  and  the  cost  of  the 
shoes  (30^.),  were  paid  by  the  corporation,  and 
afterwards  partly  levied  by  way  of  a  rate  on  the 
inhabitants  :  — 

«  19  July,  1644. 
"Received  the  day  and  yeare  above  written,  of 
the  Mair,  Aldermen,  and  the  rest  of  the  Cor- 
poration of  the  Citty  of  Wells,  by  me  John 
Ashburnham,  Esq""",  Treasr  att  Warr,  the  sume 
of  One  hundred  pounds,  being  theire  free  present  ^  100/. 
towards  the  support  of  his  Mat"  Armie.     I  say 
received  by  his  Mat'  Commande,  and  for  his 
service  by  me 

"  John  Ashburnham," 

"  Received  likewise  att  the  same  time,  as  the  further 
testimony  of  the  good  affections  of  the  said  Maior,  Alder- 
men, and  Corporation,  to  his  Mat",  the  number  of  two 
hundred  paire  of  Shooes,  which  they  desire  may  be  dis- 
tributed to  the  Souldiers  of  Mat'  armie.  I  say  received 
the  number  of  Shooes  aforementioned,  by  me 

"  John  Ashburnham." 
[  Indorsed']  :  — 

"  His  Mat'  Lre  for  the  Ioane  of  500/.  and 
the  Treasures  acquitt.  for  100/.  and 
200  payre  of  Shoes." 

Whilst  upon  this  subject,  I  may  be  allowed  to 
say  that  the  examination  of  local,  corporate,  and 
parochial  records  has  often  been  a  subject  of  great 
interest  and  pleasure  to  me,  and  I  feel  sure  that 
much  correct  and  valuable  information  might  be 
brought  to  light  by  a  careful  perusal  of  old  books 
and  papers ;  in  very  many  instances  considered  as 
valueless,  and  left  to  moulder  in  old  chests,  or 
doomed  to  still  more  rapid  destruction  from  the 


ignorance  of  those  to  whose  custody  they  are 
entrusted. 

I  would  suggest  to  those  who  have  authority  in 
such  matters,  that  more  care  should  be  taken  of 
these  interesting  records  of  past  events ;  and  I 
cannot  help  thinking  (judging  from  my  own  ex- 
perience), that  a  store  of  valuable  historical  mat- 
ter might  be  extracted  from  the  sources  I  have 
referred  to,  if  patient  investigation  were  made, 
and  the  information  collected  under  different 
heads  and  dates.  If  acceptable,  I  should  be  glad 
to  contribute  to  such  a  store.  Ina. 

Wells. 


Minax  i^atti. 

Newspaper  Geography.  —  The  Globe  of  the 
9th  August,  1856,  in  its  fashionable  intelligence 
announces  that  "  the  Earl  and  Countess  of  Dur- 
ham left  town  on  Wednesday  for  Lambton  Castle, 
Northumberland."  One  would  have  thought  that 
if  the  penny-a-liner  who  supplied  this  paragraph 
was  ignorant  of  the  fact,  even  a  printer's  devil 
would  have  known  that  the  ancient  seat  of  the 
Lambton  family  is  in  the  county  of  Durham 
(whence  they  took  their  title),  and  not  in  Nor- 
thumberland. 

But  I  make  this  Note  for  the  purpose  of  re- 
marking that  it  is  a  singular  fact,  notwithstanding 
the  important  place  the  County  Palatine  holds  in 
history,  that  very  little  is  known  by  distant  inha- 
bitants (especially  Cockneys)  of  the  county  of 
Durham.  I  travelled  some  years  ago  in  company 
with  a  gentleman,  apparently  intelligent  on  matters 
in  general,  who,  on  my  pointing  out  to  him  Ra- 
vensworth  Castle,  two  miles  south  of  Newcastle- 
upon-Tyne,  immediately  remarked,  "  This  York- 
shire  seems  a  fine  county,  beautiful  country- 
seats  !  "  and  repeated  the  remark  on  our  coming 
in  view  of  Lumley  Castle,  near  Chester-le- Street, 
although  on  both  occasions  I  informed  him  (to 
his  great  surprise)  that  we  were  not  near  the 
county  of  York,  but  were  passing  through  that  of 
Durham.  M.  H.  R. 

Plague  of  Mice.  — 

"About  Hallontide  last  past  [1581],  in  the  marishes 
of  Danesey  Hundred,  in  a  place  called!  Southminster,  in 
the  countie  of  Essex,  a  strange  thing  hapened:  there 
sodainlie  appeared  an  infinite  multitude  of  mice,  which 
overwhelming  the  whole  earth  in  the  said  marishes,  did 
sheare  and  gnaw  the  grasse  by  the  rootes,  spoyling  and 
tainting  the  same  with  their  venimous  teeth,  in  such  sort, 
that  the  cattell  which  grazed  thereon  were  smitten  with 
a  murreine,  and  died  thereof;  which  vermine  by  policie  of 
man  could  not  be  destroyed,  till  at  the  last  it  came  to 
passe  that  there  flocked  together  all  about  the  same 
marishes  such  a  number  of  owles,  as  all  the  shire  was 
able  to  yeeld :  whereby  the  marsh-holders  were  shortly 
delivered  from  the  vexation  of  the  said  mice.  The  like 
of  this  was  also  in  Kent."  —  Stow's  Chronicle. 

Abuba. 


2°''  S.  NO  36.,  Sept.  6.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


187 


Slavery  in  England.  —  The  followmg  curious 
advertisements  having  been  given  me  by  a  friend, 
I  thought  them  worth  adding  to  the  stores  of  "  N. 
&  Q. : " 

"  A  Black  Boy,  of  about  15  years  of  age,  named  John 
White,  ran  away  from  Colonel  Kirke  the  15th  instant ;  he 
has  a  silver  collar  about  his  neck,  upon  which  is  the  Co- 
lonel's Coat  of  Arms  and  Cipher ;  he  has  upon  his  throat 
a  great  scar,  bare  in  habit.  Whosoever  brings  the  afore- 
said boy  to  Colonel  Kirke's  House  near  the  Privy  Garden, 
will  be  well  rewarded."  —  London  Gazette,  March,  1C85. 

"To  be  sold  a  Negro  Boj'  about  14  years  old,  war- 
ranted free  from  any  distemper,  and  has  had  those  fatal  to 
that  colour;  has  been  used  two  years  to  all  kinds  of 
Household  work,  and  to  wait  at  Table ;  his  price  is  25/., 
and  would  not  be  sold  but  the  person  he  belongs  to  is 
leaving  off  business.  Apply  to  the  Bar  of  the  George 
Coffee  House  in  Chancery  Lane,  over  against  the  Gate." 
—  London  Advertiser,  1756. 

"  Matthew  Dyer,  working  Goldsmith,  at  the  Crown  in 
Duck  Lane,  Orchard  Street,  Westminster,  Apprentice  and 
successor  to  Mr.  John  Redman,  Corkscrew-Maker,  de- 
ceased, continues  the  business  of  his  late  Master,  in 
making  all  sorts  of  gold  and  silver  corkscrews.  Tobacco 
Stoppers,  Silver  Padlocks  for  Blacks  or  Dogs,  Collars, 
silver  clasp-knives,  &c.  Where  Merchants  and  Shop- 
keepers may  be  supply'd  with  any  quantity  on  the  least 
notice,  and  the  lowest  prices.  An  apartment  of  the  above 
work  kept  by  him."  —  Ibid. 

By  the  decision  of  the  Court  of  King's  Bench  in 
1772,  the  sale  of  a  negro  in  this  country  was  ren- 
dered illegal;  and  every  black,  male  or  female, 
was  free  from  the  moment  of  landing  on  British 
ground,  Edward  F.  Rimbault. 

Curious  Anagram.  —  Johannes  Franciscus  Ra- 
mos, in  his  Treatise  De  Poena  Parricidii,  dissects 
the  style  and  titles  of  his  patron  in  the  following 
straiiffe  fashion : 


"  aaaaaaaa  .  as  .  eeeeeeeee  .  unnni  .  oooooo 
uuuuuuuuu. 

"  b    .    ccc    .  dd    .    f    .    g    .    h    .    1111    .    mm    . 

nnniinn    .    pp  .     rrrrr    .     sssssssssss    .     ttttttt." 

Happily  he  furnishes  the  key,  otherwise  this 
human  sphinx  might  certainly  have  died  in  the 
assurance  that  no  ingenuity  would  bring  to  light 
his  secret : 

"  Alphonsus  Perecius  et  Viverus  Comes  Fontis  Sal- 
danise  et  Consiliarius  Status  atque  Gubernator  Me- 
diolani." 

W.  G.  L. 

Westboume  Grove. 

Dinner-hour.  —  We  learn  from  Harrison's  De- 
scription  of  England,  prefixed  to  Hollingshed, 
that  eleven  o'clock  was  the  usual  time  for  dinner 
during  the  reign  of  Elizabeth  :  — 

"  With  us  the  nobilitie,  gentrie,  and  students,  doo  or- 
dinarilie  go  to  dinner  at  eleven  before  noon,  and  to  sup- 
per at  five,  or  between  five  and  six  at  afterncone." — Vol.  i. 
p.  171.,  edit.  1587. 

The  alteration  in  manners  at  this  time  is  rather 
singularly  evinced  from  a  passage   immediately 


following  the  above  quotation,  where  we  find  that 
merchants  and  husbandmen  dined  and  supped  at 
a  later  hour  than  the  nobility.  Abhba. 

Dogs  and  Churches.  — Tn  your  P*  S.  much  has 
been  said  about  the  dog-whipper,  which  office, 
judging  from  the  rare  visitations  of  the  canine 
species  to  our  churches  in  the  present  day, 
would  lead  to  the  inference  that  the  post  was  a 
sinecure.  Not  so,  however ;  for  I  find  that  the 
eccentric  Robert  Poole,  in  twelve  heads  of  advice 
to  Minors,  shows  the  prevalence  of  the  nuisance 
in  1734  by  giving  the  prominence  of  the  3rd  to 
the  following : 

"  Remember  the  Sabbath  day  to  keep  it  holy,  and 
carefully  attend  the  worship  of  God !  but  bring  no  Dogs 
with  you  to  church ;  those  Christians  surely  don't  con- 
sider where  they  are  going  when  they  bring  Dogs  with 
them  to  the  Assembly  of  Divine  Worship ;  disturbing  the 
Congregation  by  their  Noise  and  Clamour.  Be  thou 
careful,  /  say,  of  this  Scandalous  Thing,  which  all  ought 
to  be  advised  against  as  indecent."  —  A  Choice  Drop  of 
Seraphic  Love,  1734. 

J.  O; 

[The  Exeter  Gazette  a  few  weeks  since  announced  that 
"  Mr.  Jonathan  Pickard,  in  the  employ  of  the  Rev.  Chan- 
cellor Martin,  has  been  appointed  dog-whipper  of  Exeter 
Cathedral,  in  the  room  of  Mr.  Charles  Reynolds,  de- 
ceased."] 

Turner's  Accuracy  and  Propriety  in  his  Archi- 
tectural Backgrounds.  —  As  this  is  a  point  often 
disputed,  most  unjustly,  and  as  a  tribute  as  old  as 
1834  to  the  beauty  of  this  great  painter's  colour, 
and  as  the  testimony  of  an  antiquary  to  the  ac- 
curacy of  the  architecture  introduced  into  his 
works  is  pleasant,  and  may  be  interesting  to  those 
who  have  read  with  delight  the  eloquent  pages  of 
Ruskin,  I  transcribe  the  opening  sentences  of  an 
article  on  "  Historical  Propriety  in  Painting,"  by 
T.  M.,  at  p.  13.  of  Bray  ley's  Graphic  Illustrator, 
London,  1834: 

"  The  greatest  master  of  colour  amongst  the  painters  of 
the  present  day  is  at  the  same  time  the  most  remarkable' 
for  propriety  in  his  architectural  background :  these  fre- 
quently exhibit  designs  that  may  be  studied  with  advantage 
by  the  architect ;  and  in  expressing  my  admiration  of 
Turner,  I  wish  to  avoid  the  appearance  of  advocating  that 
servile  imitation  which  an  antiquary  is  supposed  to  re- 
quire." 

The  king  of  English  colourists  here  gets  his 
due,  and  nothing  more ;  he  did  not  often  get  that 
twenty-two  years  ago.     It  is  different  now. 

C.  D.  L. 

"  Standing  in  another^s  Shoes."  —  In  an  article 
on  "  Legal  Usages  amongst  the  ancient  North- 
men," by  C.  S.  A.,  at  p.  36.  of  Brayley's  Graphic 
Illustrator,  Lond.  1834,  is  the  following  : 

"The  right  of  adoption  obtained:  one  form  of  it  con- 
sisted in  making  the  adopted  put  on  the  shoes  of  the  adopter. 
It  has  been  asked  whether  our  phrase  of '  standing  in  his 
shoes'  may  not  owe  its  origin  to  this  custom." 

There  is  no  doubt  a  good  reason  for  the  phrase 


188 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  No  86.,  Sept.  6.  '56. 


now  so  common  with  us,  and  the  existence  of  such 
a  form  amonor  the  Northmen  is  as  good  ground  as 
we  can  get,  if  the  fact  of  such  a  legal  usage  is  un- 
doubted. Two  "  modern  instances  "  occur  to  me. 
Redgauntlet,  vol.  i.  p.  177.,  Cadell's  Edin.ed  1832. 
Sir  Walter  (in  that,  I  may  say  perfect,  episode, 
the  tale  of  "  Wandering  Willie  ")  makes  Steenie 
Steensnn  thus  address  the  young  laird  of  Red- 
gauntlet  : 

"  I  wuss  je  joy.  Sir,  of  the  head  seat,  and  the  white  loaf, 
and  the  braid  lairdship.  Your  father  was  a  kind  man  to 
friends  and  followers:  muckle  grace  to  you.  Sir  John,  to 
Jill  his  shoon,  —  his  boots,  Isuld  say,  for  he  seldom  wore  shoon, 
unless  it  were  mine,  wheii  he  had  the  gout." 

Stepnie's  correction  about  the  boots  and  "mine" 
is  a  master's  stroke, 

Thackeray  {Miscellanies,  vol.  iii.,  "  Memoir  of 
Barry  Lvndon,"  London,  1856),  uses  the  phrase 
thus,  at  p.  266.  [Lnrd  BiiHin<>don  gives  liis  mama 
a  hint  tliat  little  Brvan  (her  son  by  Lyndon)  is 
standing  in  his  shoes]  : 

"  Another  day  (it  was  Bryan's  birthday)  we  were 
giving  a  grand  ball  .  .  . ;  there  was  a  great  crowding 
and  tittering  when  the  child  came  in,  led  by  his  half- 
brotlier.  who  walked  into  the  drawing-room  (would  you 
believe  it)  in  his  stocking- feet,  leading  little  Bryan  ly  the 
hand,  paddling  about  in  the  great  shoes  of  the  elder  I  '  JJon't 
you  think  he  fits  my  shoes  very  well,' "  Sfc. 

Instances  of  the  use  of  this  phrase  would  be 
interesting.  CD.  L. 


THE    JUMPING   DANCE    OF   ECHTEBNACH. 

The  following  extract  from  the  Literary  Ga- 
zette of  July  12th,  descriptive  of  a  |)opular  re- 
ligious festival  still  observed  in  the  neighbourhood 
of  Treves,  is  well  worthy  of  preservation  in  the 
columns  of  "  N.  &  Q. :  " 

"The  Festival  is  called  'The  Jumping  Procession  (lite- 
rally jumping  dance)  of  Echternach.'  Echtemach  is  a 
small  town  in  Luxembourg,  about  twenty  English  miles 
from  Treves,  and  is  annually  the  resort  of  thousands  who 
meet  here  on  Whit-Tuesday,  some  to  witness,  some  to 
join  in  this  religious  ceremonj',  which  is  also  called  'The 
Procession  of  the  Dancing  Saints.'  This  custom  originated 
in  the  fourteenth  century,  when,  in  the  year  1374,  the 
disease  now  called  St.  Vitus's  Dance  first  broke  out  in  the 
archbishopric  of  Trfeves  and  Cologne,  and  other  parts  of 
Germany.  The  name  came  from  a  chapel  in  Ulm,  dedi- 
cated to  St.  Vitus,  which  was  greatly  in  vogue  with  those 
afflicted  with  the  disease,  who  flocked  thither  in  crowds 
to  entreat  the  saint's  intercession  in  their  behalf.  The 
wise  men  of  the  day  observing  that  those  who  suffered 
under  the  disease  were  afflicted  with  spasmodic  move- 
ments of  the  limbs,  which  forced  them  to  dance  and  jump 
about  like  madmen,  without  any  power  over  their  own 
will,  until  they  fell  down  in  a  state  of  exhaustion,  con- 
ceived the  idea  that  by  voluntarily  going  through  the 
same  process,  and  performing  the  same  fatiguing  move- 
ments, they  m  ght  ward  off  the  disease  itself,  —  a  curious 
foreshadowing  of  the  systems  of  Jenner  and  Hahnemann. 
Acting  upon  this  idea,  the  procession  of  the  jumpers  was 


formed  ;  and  once  a-year,  on  Whit-Tuesday,  it  still  wends 
its  way  to  the  grave  of  St.  Willibrodus,  'in  the  ancient 
abbey  church  of  Echternach.  The  procession  starts  from 
the  bridge,  accompanied  by  several  bands  of  music;  the 
pilgrims  of  both  sexes  form  in  rows,  and  spring  first  four 
steps  forward  and  three  back,  then  eight  steps  forward 
and  three  back,  and  so  on,  continually  increasing  the 
steps  forward,  but  making  no  change  in  those  backward, 
until  they  reach  the  church,  when  they  throw  themselves 
on  their  faces  and  begin  to  pray.  Having  entered  the 
church,  after  the  prayer,  the  flag-bearers  and  brothers  of 
the  order  place  themselves  under  the  great  lustre,  with 
its  seventy-two  lighted  tapers,  and  high  mass,  accom- 
panied by  solemn  music,  begins.  I  should  have  men- 
tioned that  the  jumping  march  is  performed  to  curious 
old  music,  composed  expressly  for  this  ceremony.  So 
many  evils  arose  from  bringing  such  masses  of  people  to- 
gether in  so  small  a  compass  —  so  much  drunkenness, 
riot,  and  debauchery —  that  it  was  suppressed  by  law  in 
1777;  it  was,  however,  reintroduced  by  Joseph  the  Se- 
cond in  179(1,  put  down  by  the  French  in  1795,  and  again 
appeared  in  1802,  in  which  ye;ir  there  were  nearly  3000 
dancers  and  74  musicians.  In  the  year  1812  there  were 
12,(578  dancers  in  the  processiim,  which  has,  however,  now 
diminished  to  an  annual  average  of  8000.  As  may  be 
supposed,  the  priests  antl  puWIicans  derive  the  solid  ad- 
vantages from  these  pious  revelries." 

This  is  an  item  in  what  would  form  a  very 
curious  cha|>ter  in  the  History  of  Social  Progress ; 
and  is  suirgrestive  of  many  Queries,  whicdi  I,  for 
one,  should  gladly  see  answered  in  "  N.  &  Q." 

1.  Do  many  such  seiui-religious  pageants  still 
exist  on  the  Continent  ? 

2.  Do  any  such  exist  in  England  ? 

3.  Has  not  some  work  on  the  subject  of  Fle- 
mislt  pageants  been  published  within  the  last  fe^r 
years  ?     If  so,  what  ia  its  precise  title  ? 

4.  Have  any  books  a[)peared  here  or  on  the 
Continent  on  this  curious  subject  ? 

5.  Is  not  The  Dance  of  Death  *  now  generally 
regarded  as  a  pictorial  representation  of  such  a 
pageant  ? 

6.  Am  I  right  in  my  recollection  that  a  paper 
by  Mr.  Dudley  Costello  appeared  some  few  years 
since  in  one  of  the  periodicals,  descriptive  of  a 
modern  Dance  of  Death  still  exhibited  in  one  of 
the  continental  cities? 

7.  Will  the  correspondents  of  "  N".  &  Q."  give 
references  to  any  information  which  they  may 
have  met  in  old  writers  upon  this  subject  ? 

F.S.A, 


Seven  Oaks  and  Twelve  Elms.  —  I  should  feel 
much  obliged  if  any  of  your  correspondents  could 
account  for  the  circumstance  that  in  many  parts 
of  the  country  may  be  seen  plantations  of  seven 
oaks  and  twelve  ebns:  the  latter  are  usually  planted 

[*  If  our  correspondent  takes  an  interest  in  The  Dance 
of  Death,  he  may  be  glad  to  know  that  we  have  seen  a 
specimen  of  a  new  edition  of  Holbein's  beautiful  Alphabet 
of  Death,  which  is  about  to  be  published  in  Paris.] 


2'^  S.  No  36.,  Sept.  6.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


189 


in  circles.  Can  they  be  supposed  to  represent 
the  seven  days  of  the  week,  and  the  twelve  months 
of  the  year  ?  and  may  there  be  any  Druidical  or 
other  superstition  preserved  in  these  groups  ?  A 
passage  which  occurs  in  Stanley's  Palestine  seems 
to  show  that  the  idea  is  not  limited  to  this  country, 
though  it  can  scarcely  be  supposed  that  there 
could  be  a  common  origin  between  the  Eastern 
plantations  and  those  of  England  : 

"  Following  the  course  of  the  Barada  up  throngh  the 
mountains  of  Anti-Libanus,  on  the  right  bank  rises  a 
lofty  hill,  on  whose  summit,  as  yoa  approach  from  the 
south-east,  is  seen  a  line  of  tall  black  trees.  They  are 
seven  '  Sindiaiis,'  or  Syrian  oaks,  and  the  following  is  the 
stor3'- told  as  concerning  them  by  a  native  of  Zeb'lani,  a 
village  situated  two  or  three  hours  to  the  north-west 
of  the  pass.  Habid  (Cain)  and  Habil  (Abel)  were  the 
two  sous  of  Adiim.  The  whole  world  was  divideil  be- 
tween them;  and  this  was  the  cause  of  their  quarrel. 
Habil  moved  his  boundary  stones  too  far;  Habid  threw 
them  at  him,  and  Habil  fell.  His  brother,  in  great  grief, 
carried  the  body  on  his  back  for  5(10  years,  not  knowing 
what  to  do  with  it.  At  last,  on  the  top  of  this  hill,  he 
saw  two  birds  fijjhting;  the  one  killed  the  other,  washed 
him,  and  buried  him  in  the  ground.  Habid  did  the  like 
for  his  brother's  bod}',  and  planted  his  staff  to  mark  the 
spot,  and  from  this  staff  seven  trees  grew  up." 

G.  M.  Z. 

,  "  As  tight  as  Dick's  hatband."  —  What  was  the 
origin  of  this  adage  ?  Who  was  Dick,  and  upon 
what  occasion  did  he  brace  his  beaver  so  lightly 
as  to  cause  the  circumstance  to  pass  into  a  pro- 
verb? John  Pav  IN  Phillips. 
Haverfordwest. 

Almshouses  recently  founded.  —  Will  you  allow 
me  to  seek  an  addition  to  the  following  list  of 
almshouses  and  asylums  for  the  aged  foun<led 
since  1800,  from  the  contributors  to  "  N.  &.  Q." 

Derbyshire  :  Duke  of  Devonshire's,  Edensor. 
Essex  :  Pawnbrokers',  Forest  Gate.  Herts :  Wat- 
ford, Baldock  ;  Booksellers'  Retreat,  Kings  Lang- 
ley;  Marquis  Townshend's,  Hertford.  Hants:  Mr. 
Dixon's,  near  Havant.  Kent :  Huggins'  College, 
Northfleet;    Mr.    Thackeray's,    Lewisham ;    Mr. 

■  Berens',  Sidcup,  Ashford;  Tunbridge  Wells.  Lin- 
colnshire :  Mr.  Sibthorp's.  Middlesex :  Aged 
Pilgrims,    Edgware    Road ;   Butchers',    Walhara 

•  Green ;  Bookbinders'  Benefit  Societies,  Hall's 
Pond  ;  Printers',  Wood  Green  ;  Miss  Day's,  Little 
Stanmore ;  London,  Marylebone,  St.  Pancras, 
Shoreditch,  St.  Martin's.  Surrey  :  R.  Hill's, 
Freemasons'.  Camberwell :  Queen  Adelaide's. 
Bailey's,  Brixton.  Watermen's,  Cambridge.  Li- 
censed Victuallers'  Asylum,  Sussex.  Lord  Egre- 
mont's,  Petworth,  Warwickshire.  Licensed  Vic- 
tuallers', Birmingham.  G.  H. 

Sir  Edward  Bopsh,  1688 At  the  accession  of 

William  IIL,  Sir  Edward  Bjiesh  was  "  turned  out 
of  employment."     What  was  his  employment  ? 

Jam£S  Knowx.es. 


Matthew  Gwynne,  M.D.,  Oxon,  oh.  1 627.  —  Dr. 
Gwynne  was  an  eminent  physician  and  scholar  in 
his  time :  he  was  author  of  the  following  works  or 
productions : 

1.  "  Epicedium  in  obitum  illustr.  Herois  Hmrici  Com. 
Derbiensi.s  Oxon,  1593." 

2.  "  Nero  Tragoedia,  1603." 

3.  "  Orationes  durn  Londini  habitae  in  .^dibus  Gre- 
shamiis,  1605." 

4.  "  Virtumnus  sive  Annus  Recurrens.    Oxon,  1605." 

5.  "  Aurum  non  Aurum,  etc.     1611." 

6.  A  Book  of  Travels. 

7.  "  Letters  concerning  Chemical  and  Magical  Secreta." 

No8.  2.  and  3.  are  in  the  library  of  the  British 
Museum. 

No.  5.  is  in  the  Bodleian  Library. 

Can  any  of  your  readers  direct  me  to  the  others, 
or  give  me  any  account  of  tlieni,  or  any  particu- 
lars of  him  or  his  works,  or  his  marriage  or  issue, 
beyond  what  is  disclosed  by  the  Athen  Ox.  and 
Ward,  in  his  Lives  of  the  Greshum  Professors  f 

James  Knowles. 

Construction  of  Quadrants.  —  Ts  there  any  work 
extant  on  the  construction,  not  the  use  only,  of 
qiiadrants  (particularly  on  Sutton's  or  Collins's), 
which  contains  rules  and  directions  for  laying 
down  the  azimuths  and  plain  circles  ?  W.  T. 

Ancient  Pipe  Case. —  I  have  an  old  pipe  case 
with  a  sliding  cover,  carved  with  cherubs'  heads ; 
on  the  top  of  which  are  the  letters  "  ferriol." 
Can  you  tell  me  the  meaning  of  this  ?  It  has 
been  suggested  that  it  is  Gaelic.  J.  B.  S. 

Cullompton. 

Pope  Pius  VII.  and  the  Freemasons.  —  Can  any 
of  your  readers  inform  me  where  I  can  find  a  copy 
of  the  bull  of  Pius  VII.,  in  which  the  Freemasons 
are  condemned  among  other  secret  societies. 

W.  J.  B.  R. 

"  Par  ternis  suppar."  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
give  a  reasonable  interpretation  of  Lord  North- 
wick's  motto  "  Par  ternis  suppar  ?  " 

In  Burke's  Peerage  there  is  no  attempt  at  a 
translation,  the  compiler  stating  that  "  the  motto 
as  it  now  stands  is  perfectly  unintelligible."  In 
Sharpe's  Peerage,  a  translation  is  attempted,  thus  : 
"The  two  are  equal  in  antiquity  to  the  three." 
I  confess  my  Latin  does  not  enable  me  to  compre- 
hend this  last  translation.  S.  F. 

Scarborough  Spa.  —  Early  in  the  last  century, 
when  Scarborough,  as  a  watering-place,  was  in 
the  ascendant,  there  was  a  noted  character  named 
Dicky  Dickason,  who  presided  at,  and  was  called, 
"  King  of  the  Spa,"  and  who  cracked  his  joke 
with  all  who  went  to  the  public  rooms  :  in  fact  he 
had  his  franc-parler  with  duke  or  duchess,  and 
was  as  familiar  with  them  to  the  full  as  if  he  were 
their  equal.  I  am  desirous  to  have  particulars  of 
this  hero,  A. 


190 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2=*  S.  No  36,,  Sept.  6.  '56. 


The  Kwgs  Salute  to  his  Ministers.  — The  fol- 
lowing is  extracted  from  Sir  Robert  Peel's  Me- 
moirs, Part  I.  —  "  The  Roman  Catholics,"  p.  347. : 

"  Our  interview  with  his  Majesty  lasted  for  the  long 
period  of  five  hours :  there  was  uninterrupted  conversa- 
tion during  the  whole  time,  but  nothing  material  passed, 
excepting  that  the  purport  of  which  I  have  faithfully  re- 
ported. At  the  close  of  the  interview  the  King  took  leave 
of  us  with  great  composure  and  great  kindness,  gave  to 
each  of  us  a  salute  on  each  cheek,  and  accepted  our  resigna- 
tion of  oflSce,  frequently  expressing  his  sincere  regret  at 
the  necessity  which  compelled  us  to  retire  from  his  ser- 
vice." 

Allow  me  to  ask  of  you  or  any  of  your  readers, 
if  it  is  the  ordinary  practice  of  the  kings  of  Eng- 
land to  salute  a  minister  on  his  resignation  on  one 
or  each  cheek  ?  The  Kiss  of  Peace  was  frequently 
given  in  Mediaeval  times.  Fba.  Mewbuen. 

Larchfield,  Darlington. 

Chewing  the  Cud.  —  It  is  I  believe  a  well- 
known  fact  that  all  ruminating  animals  when  they 
rise  from  the  ground  begin  that  operation  by 
raising  their  hind  legs ;  this  is  the  case  with  oxen 
and  sheep.  I  should  wish  to  ask  any  scientific 
correspondent  on  such  subjects  whether  there  is 
any  cause  connected  with  the  structure  of  their 
stomachs  which  renders  this  necessary  ?     R.  W.  B. 

Threlkeld  Family.  —  Can  any  northern  corre- 
spondent give  me  any  account  of  this  family  — 
when  it  is  first  heard  of,  whether  it  be  natural  to 
Cumberland,  what  is  the  nature  of  its  connexion 
with  the  Dacre  family,  &c.  ?  The  first  fact  I 
know  concerning  them  is  contained  in  Words- 
worth's simple  poem  on  the  "  good  Lord  Clifford," 
wherefrom  I  learn  that  Sir  Lancelot  Threlkeld 
married  Lady  Clifford  (whose  husband  died  at 
Taunton),  and  protected  the  infant  Lord  Clifford 
from  court  malevolence  : 

"  Give  Sir  Lancelot  Threlkeld  praise ! 
Hear  it,  good  man,  old  in  days  I 
Thou  tree  of  covert  and  of  rest 
For  this  young  Bird  that  is  distrest,"  &c. 

What  is  the  date  of  Roland  Threlkeld,  the  ec- 
centrfc,  who  would  allow  no  "  womanite"  to  enter 
his  castle  ?  When  did  the  family  leave  the  Church, 
and  build  the  little  chapel  now  in  existence? 
Lastly,  What  is  the  present  state  of  the  town  or 
village  of  Threlkeld  ?  I  shall  be  greatly  obliged 
for  any  information.  Threlkelp. 

X>f .  Malachi  Thruston.  —  Can  any  correspon- 
dent of"  ^i.  &  Q."  refer  me  to  any  published  ac- 
count, or  supply  me  with  any  particulars,  of  Dr. 
Malachi  Tliruston.  He  is  only  known  to  me  and 
those  of  whom  I  have  inquired  through  the  con- 
troversial work  of  Sir  George  Ent,  entitled  Ani- 
madversiones  in  Malachice  Thrusloni,  M.D.  Diatri- 
bam  de  liespirationis  Usu  primario.  He  is  not 
mentioned  in  any  biographical  work  to  which  I 
have  had  access.  E.  L. 


"  Destruction  of  Small  Vices."  —  I  shall  be  glad 
of  any  information  as  to  the  authorship,  date,  &c., 
of  the  above  work,  which  is  stated  by  Bishop  Pa- 
trick, in  the  Appendix  to  his  Friendly  Debate,  to 
have  been  written  during  the  reign  of  King  Ed- 
ward VI.  I  conceive  it  to  be  altogether  a  different 
work  from  the  Dyalogus  Creaturarum,  otherwise 
styled  Destructorium  Vitiorum,  mentioned  in  "  N. 
&  Q.,"  2°''  S.  ii.  150.  A.  Tatlob,  M.A. 

Organ  Tuning.  —  Wanting  to  know  something 
of  the  present  practice,  I  looked  into  the  large 
and  excellent  work  on  the  organ  by  Hopkins  and 
Rimbault,  but  found  nothing  to  my  purpose.  Can 
any  of  your  readers  answer  the  following  Queries  ? 
Are  organs  now  tuned  by  beats  ?  If  so,  what 
rules  or  tables  are  used  ?  Is  Dr.  Smith's  account 
of  the  beats  approved,  that  is,  do  his  formulas 
answer  their  purpose  ?  Are  the  rules  or  tables 
deduced  from  these  formulae  ?  If  not,  who  else 
has  written  on  the  subject  ?         A.  De  Morgan. 

The  Greek  Cross.  —  Can  you  inform  me  why 
the  Greek  cross  has  a  piece  of  wood  placed  diago- 
nally at  the  bottom,  in  this  way.  1  asked  a  j. 
Russian  priest,  when  I  was  in  the  Crimea,  the  t 
reason  of  it.  He  told  me  that  it  was  supposed 
to  be  a  piece  of  wood  placed  there  in  order  to  tie 
the  feet.  He  said  there  was  no  mention  of  our 
Saviour's  feet  being  nailed  to  the  cross.  I  have 
looked  in  the  Bible,  and  can  find  no  mention  of 
holes  in  his  feet.  A.  P.  G.  G. 

Lieut.-  Col.  Davies.  —  Of  what  family  was  the 
gallant  Lieutenant-Colonel  Davies,  husband  of 
"  Madam  Mary  Davies,"  to  whom  a  monument 
was  erected  in  Winchester  Cathedral,  with  the  an- 
nexed inscription  ?  I  do  not  find  his  name  among 
the  descendants  of  the  eminent  Flintsliire  house  of 
Davies  of  Gwysaney. 

"  Here  lieth  the  body  of  Madam  Mary  Davies,  daughter 
of  Sir  Jonathan  Trelawny  of  Trelawny  in  the  County  of 
Cornwall,  Baronet:  a  lady  of  excellent  endowments  and 
exemplary  virtue,  of  courage  and  resolution  above  her 
sex,  and  equal  to  the  generous  stock  whence  she  sprang. 
She  was  Maid  of  Honour  to  Marv,  Princess  of  Orange, 
and  relict  to  Lieutenant- Colonel  Davies,  who  at  the  siege 
of  Namur,  mounting  the  trenches  at  the  head  of  the 
Grenadiers  of  the  1st  Regiment  of  Guards,  was  the  first 
that  threw  the  fascines  (which  others  used  to  cover  them- 
selves with  in  their  attack)  over  the  ditch,  and  with  his 
men  pass'd  it,  beating  the  French  out  of  their  works, 
which  was  a  gallant  action,  and  greatly  contributed  to- 
wards the  taking  of  the  town ;  in  performing  of  which  he 
received  the  wound  of  which  he  died,  and  gain'd  so  just 
an  esteem  for  the  boldness  and  success  of  it  with  the 
King,  that  he  designed  him  the  great  honour  of  a  visit 
the  morning  on  which  he  died,  and  being  inform'd  of  his 
death,  in  kind  and  honourable  terms  express'd  his  concern 
and  sorrow  for  the  loss  of  so  brave  and  deserving  an 
officer.  She  died  the  xxiiii"*  of  September,  in  the  year 
of  our  Lord  mdccvii." 

SlON  AP  GwiLLTM  AP  SlON. 


2»*  S.  N«  36.,  Sept.  6.  '56.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


191 


Prisoner  of  War.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
"  learned  in  the  law  "  give  a  legal  definition,  to- 
gether with  the  authority  for  it,  oftbe  term  "  Pri- 
soner of  War."  Captivus. 

The  Deluge.  —  Stillingfleet  and  others  have 
given  it  as  their  opinion,  that  the  Deluge  did  not 
extend  over  the  whole  world,  but  only  over  the 
inhabited  portion.     On  what  grounds  ?      Abhba. 


^fn0r  eauerteS  toitl)  ^n^totr^. 

Quotation  wanted :  "  Nulla  Jides  regni"  etc. — Can 
any  of  your  correspondents  oblige  me  by  stating 
in  which  of  the  ancient  poets  the  following  lines 
occur  ?  — 

"  Nulla  fides  regni  sociis,  omnisque  potestas.  . 
Impatiens  consortis  erit,  totum  sitit  ilia." 

T.  H. 

[The  passage  will  be  found  in  Lucan,  Pharsalia,  lib.  i. 
92.,  except  the  last  three  words  "  totum  sitit  ilia,"  which 
are  not  pure  Latinity.] 

"  Imago  Primi  SoBCuli  Societatis  Jesu." —  Lately 
when  in  Germany  I  met  a  gentleman  who  was  in 
possession  of  a  work  which  he  believes  to  be 
unique,  or  nearly  so.     It  is  termed,  — 

"  Imago  Primi  Sseculi  Societatis  Jesu  h  ProvinciS,  Flan- 
dro-Belgica  ejusdem  Societatis,  representata.  Antwerp, 
ex  officinS,  PlautinianaBalthasario  Moreto  anno  Societatis 
seculorum  1640." 

The  same  gentleman  has  also  a  German  work  pub- 
lished at  Stettin  and  Berlin  in  1785,  also  giving  an 
account  of  the  Jesuits,  and  quoting  largely  from 
the  earlier  work,  which  it  describes  as  having 
been  published  by  the  Belgian  Jesuits,  and  after- 
wards recalled  :  and  further,  that  at  the  period 
of  its  own  publication  there  were  only  four  copies 
of  the  Latin  work  known  to  exist.  The  gentlemen 
who  saw  the  book  with  me  are  desirous  of  know- 
ing the  history  of  the  publication  and  subsequent 
attempted  suppression  of  this  work,  and  also  what 
the  object  of  the  original  publication  may  have 
been.  W. 

[The  first  work  noticed  by  our  correspondent,  Imago 
Primi  Saculi  Societatis  Jesu,  is  to  be  found  in  the  British 
Museum  and  the  Bodleian.  The  object  of  this  work  is  to 
give  a  history  of  the  Order  from  its  foundation,  with  an 
account  of  its  various  missions.  According  to  Ebert 
{Bibtiog.  Diet,  vol.  i.  p.  814.)  the  work  is  by  no  means  so 
scarce  as  is  sometimes  stated,  and  has  greatly  fallen  in 
price  since  the  more  peaceful  and  equitable  appearance  of 
things.  He  adds,  "The  hyperbolical  eulogiums  which 
exist  in  this  work  are  only  "the  innocent  pedantry  of  the 
Order,  which  is  to  be  found  equalh'  strong  in  the  history 
of  other  orders."  It  is  attributed  to  Joannes  Tollenarius, 
of  the  Society  of  Jesus,  born  at  Bruges  in  1582.  He  was 
teaclier  of  the  Classics,  and  for  some  time  Professor  of 
Theology ;  was  twice  Rector  of  the  Professed  House  of 
Antwerp,  and  subsequently  Provincial  of  Flanders.  He 
died  at  Antwerp,  April  1 1 ,  1643.    He  was  also  author  of 


Speculum  Vanitatis ;  sive  Ecclesiastes  soluta  Ugataqne  Ora- 
tione  dilucidatus,  4to.  Ant.,  1635.] 

The  Word  "  Cheque;'  or  "  Check."  —  Will  you 
oblige  a  poor  student  —  a  reader  of  your  excellent 
periodical  —  by  informing  me  which  is  the  most 
correct  or  proper  way  of  writing  the  word  cheque 
or  check,  a  draft  on  a  banker.  The  word  is  gene- 
rally written  with  a  q,  but  I  find  much  difference 
of  opinion  exists  as  to  the  etymology  of  the  word. 
I  should  also  feel  greatly  obliged  if  you,  or  any 
of  your  readers,  could  tell  me  which  is  considered 
the  most  correct  standard  English  dictionary  at 
the  present  day,  such  as  could  be  consulted  as  an 
authority.  One  giving  the  etymology  of  words 
would  be  preferable,  similar  to  Dr.  Johnson's  ; 
but  as  I  have  only  seen  old  editions  of  his,  I  am 
not  aware  if  any  new  or  similar  work  (at  a  mo- 
derate price)  has  been  published  or  not :  and  the 
old  work  does  not  contain  many  words  in  use  at 
the  present  day.  T.  H. 

[All  the  standard  modern  dictionaries  spell  the  word 
check,  in  preference  to  the  now  almost  obsolete  cheque. 
We  must  leave  our  correepondent  to  choose  either  Dr. 
Richardson's  or  Dr.  Ogilvie's  Dictionary,  both  exceedingly 
useful  to  the  philological  student.  In  the  former  the 
word  explained,  and  its  immediate  derivatives,  are  classed 
together,  whilst  the  arrangement  of  the  citations  chrono- 
logically, atford  some  view  of  the  progressive  changes  of 
language.  In  the  latter  work  the  etymologies  of  English 
words  are  deduced  from  a  compariso'n  of  words  of  corre- 
sponding elements  in  the  principal  languages  of  Europe 
and  America,  and  contains  many  thousand  words  and 
terms  in  modern  use,  not  included  in  any  former  English 
dictionary.] 

Erysipelas.  —  Why  called  St.  Antony's  Fire  ? 

[A  note  in  the  life  of  St.  Antony,  in  Alban  Butler's 
Lives  (Jan.  17th),  explains  the  origin  of  the  name:  — 
"  In  1089,  a  pestilential  erysipelas  distemper  called  the 
Sacred  Eire,  swept  off  great  numbers  in  most  provinces  of 
France;  public  praj'ers  and  processions  were  ordered 
against  the  scourge.  At  length  it  pleased  God  to  grant 
many  miraculous  cures  of  this  dreadful  distemper,  to 
those  who  implored  his  mercy  through  the  intercession  of 
St.  Antony,  especially  before  his  relics ;  the  church  in 
which  theVwere  deposited  was  resorted  to  by  great  num- 
bers of  pilgrims,  and  his  patronage  was  implored  over 
the  whole  kingdom  against  this  disease."] 

"  The  Rogue's  March." — Can  any  correspon- 
dent inform  me  where  the  above  march  can  be 
met  with  ?  F.  C.  H. 

[The  music  of  the  "Rogue's  March  "  is  given  in  Chap- 
pell's  Collection  of  National  Airs,  tune  29,  p.  15.  Mr. 
Chappell,  in  a  note,  says :  "  Why  so  graceful  and  pastoral 
a  melody  as  this  should  have  been  condemned  to  be  the 
Cantio  in  exitu  of  deserters  and  reprobates  who  are  to  be 
drummed  out  of  the  regiments,  is  not  easily  to  be  ac- 
counted for;  but  such  is  the  case,  and  has  been  for  cen- 
turies. Many  songs  have  been  written  to  this  air,  among 
others,  one  terminating  in  each  verse  with  '  You  mustn't 
sham  Abraham  Newland.' "] 


192 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°d  S.  No  36.,  Sept.  6.  '56. 


RAFPAELLe's   PICTOEES  JN   ENGLAND. 

(2'^  S.  ii.  130.) 

In  answer  to  a  Query  respectinn;  Raffaelle's  pic- 
tures in  England,  I  give  the  following  list  of  them, 
which  on  the  whole  is  taken  from  Passavant's 
work,  Rafael  von  Urbino  tind  sein  Vater  Giov. 
Santi;  but  has  been  corrected  according  to  those 
alterations  which  I  know  to  have  taken  place 
since  the  time  of  the  publication  of  that  work 
(1839):  — 

1.  Vision  of  a  Knight^  bought  by  Mr.  Otlley  at 
the  Gallery  Borghese  at  Rome;  passed  tlirough  the 
Lands  of  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence,  Lady  Sykes,  the 
Rev.  Thomas  Egerton,  into  the  Naticmal  Gallery. 

2.  Portrait  of  a  Youth  of  about  fifteen  years  of 
age;  at  Hampton  Court  (mentinned  in  the  Cata- 
logue of  pictures  of  James  II.  as  a  portrait  of 
Raffaelle  himself.  No.  123.) 

3.  Christ  on  the  Mount  of  Olives,  came  from 
the  Gallery  Gabielli  in  Rome  into  the  possession 
of  Mr.  Coiiyiigham ;  now  at  Stanstead  House 
(W.  Fullom  Maitland,  Esq  ) 

4.  &  5.  Tuto  Madonnas,  in  the  possession  of 
Earl  Cow{)er,  at  Panshanger  (bought  by  Earl 
Cowper,  wlio  was  Brit.  Ambassador  at  Florence). 

6.  Christ  on  the  Mount  of  Olives,  probably  by 
a  pupil  of  Raffaelle's ;  was  in  Mr.  S.  Rogers's 
collection. 

7.  Christ  bearing  his  Cross,  Mr.  P.  J.  Miles,  at 
Leigh  Court,  near  Bristol. 

8.  The  same  subject  in  the  Bridgewater  Gal- 
lery is  of  doubtful  origin. 

9.  The  body  of  Christ,  on  the  knees  of  the 
Virgin,  bought  by  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence  at 
Munich ;  now  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  M.  A. 
Whyte,  Barron  Hill,  Ashborne,  Derbyshire. 

10.  Madonna,  at  Blenheim  ;  bought  in  1764  at 
Perugia,  by  Lord  Robert  Spencer,  who  presented 
it  to  his  brother,  the  Duke  of  Marlborough.  (St. 
Franciscus  and  St.  Antonius  of  Padua,  at  Dul- 
wich  College,  are  not  by  Raffaelle.) 

11.  John  the  Baptist  preaching,  in  the  posses- 
sion of  the  Marquis  of  Lansdowne,  at  Bowood. 

12.  Holi/  Family,  with  the  palm  tree,  in  the 
Bridgewater  Collection. 

13.  The  three  Graces,  bought  by  Sir  Thomas 
Lawrence ;  from  whose  collection  it  came  into  the 
possession  of  the  late  Lord  Dudley  and  Ward. 

14.  St.  Catarina  of  Alexandria,  from  the  Gal- 
lery Aldobrandini  in  Rome ;  bought  by  Mr.  Day, 
the  artist,  passed  into  the  hands  of  Mr.  Beckford, 
at  Bath  ;  now  in  the  National  Gallery. 

15.  Portrait  of  a  Marquis  of  Mantua;  men- 
tioned in  the  Catalogue  of  pictures  of  Charles  I., 
afterwards  said  to  have  been  in  the  collection  of 
Cardinal  Richelieu  ;  brought  to  England  1814  by 
a  Mr.  Buchanan  ;  in  1839  in  the  possession  of 
Ed.  Gray  in  London, 


16.  Madonna,  Aldobrandini;  bought  at  the 
Gallery  Aldobrandini  by  Mr.  Day,  exhibited  in 
London,  bought  by  Lord  Garvagh;  now  in  the 
possession  of  his  widow. 

17.  Madonna  of  the  Bridgewater  Gallery. 

18.  Madonna  with  the  Child  standing;  was  in 
Mr.  Rogers's  Collection  (first  bought  by  Mr.  Wil- 
let  from  the  Orleans  Collection). 

19.  The  Cartoons  at  Hampton  Court. 

The  following  pictures  have  been  attributed  to 
Raffaelle,  but,  according  to  Passavant,  are  not  by 
him  :  — 

20.  The  Madonna  del  Passeggio,  in  the  Bridge- 
water  Gallery,  is  only  a  copy,  the  original  of 
which  by  Raffaelle  is  not  to  be  found.  Another 
copy  is  at  Kedleston  Hall,  Derbyshire  (seat  of 
Lord  Scarsdale). 

21.  Ascension  of  the  Virgin,  was  formerly  in 
the  cathedral  of  Pisa ;  bought  by  Sir  James 
Wright,  now  in  the  possession  of  E.  Solly,  E«q. 
Dr.  Waagen  thinks  that  the  composition  of  this 
pictui'e  is  certainly  by  Raffaelle,  but  was  left  un- 
finished, and  has  very  likely  been  finished  by 
Ridolfo  Ghirlandajo. 

22.  Charitas  and  Spes,  two  small  pictures 
which  were  in  the  Gidlery  Borghese  in  Rome, 
were  afterwards  in  the  possession  of  Sir  Thomas 
Lawrence;  and  the  first  of  which  belongs  now  to 
Mr.  Neehi,  the  second  to  Mr.  Henry  Hope  in 
London,  are  both  by  a  pupil  of  Raffaelle's,  pro- 
bably Gio.  Francesco  Penni. 

23.  Portrait  of  Frederico  Carondelet,  in  the 
possession  of  the  Duke  of  Grafton. 

24.  Dorothea,  in  the  collection  at  Blenheim. 

25.  Portrait  of  a  young  man,  in  Sir  Thomas 
Baring's  Collection. 

26.  Portrait  of  Pope  Julius  II.,  in  the  National 
Gallery,  is  a  copy.  E.  B. 


LAST  WORDS  OF  THE  GREAT. 

(2°'^  S.  ii.  105.) 

"  Tete  de  I'arm^e."    (Napoleon.) 
"I  have  loved  God,  my  father,  liberty."     (De  Stael.) 
"  Let  me  die  to  the  sound  of  delicious  music."    (Mira- 
beau.) 

"  Is  this  j-our  fidelity  ?  "    (Nero.) 
"  A  king  should  die  standing."     (Augustus.) 
"  I  must  sleep  now."     (B3'ron.) 
"  Kiss  me,  Hard}'."     (Nelson.) 
"  Don't  give  up  the  ship."     (Laurence.) 
"  I'm  shot  if  I  don't  believe  I'm  dying."     (Thurlow.) 
"  Clasp  my  hand,  my  dear  friend,  I  die."     (Alfieri.) 
"God  preserve  the  Emperor."     (Haydn.) 
"  The  artery  ceases  to  beat."     (Haller.) 
"  Let  the  light  enter."     (Goethe.) 
"All  my  possessions  for  a  moment  of  time."    (Eliza- 
beth.) 

"  What,  is  there  no  bribing  death  ?  "     (Beaufort.) 
"  Monks,  monks,  monks !  "     (Uenrj'  VIII.) 
"  Be  serious."     (Grotius.) 
"  In  tuas  manus,  Domine."    (Tasso.) 


2»'i  S.  No  36.,  Sept.  G.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


193 


"  It  is  small,  very  small "  (clasping  her  neck).  (Anna 
Bolejm.) 

« I  feel  as  if  I  were  myself  again."     (Walter  Scott.) 

"  It  is  well."     (Washington.) 

"  Independence  for  ever."     (Adams.) 

"  A  dying  man  can  do  nothing  easy."     (Franklin.) 

"  Don't  let  poor  Nelly  starve."     (Charles  11  ) 

"  I  have  endeavoured  to  do  my  duty."     (Taylor.) 

"  There  is  not  a  drop  of  blood  on  my  hands."  (Fre- 
derick V.) 

"  I  resign  my  soul  to  God,  my  daughter  to  my  country." 
(Jefferson.) 

"  It  is  the  last  of  earth."    (J.  Q.  Adams.) 

"  Don't  let  that  awkward  squad  fire  over  my  grave." 
(Burns.) 

"  Lord,  make  haste."     (H.  Hammond.) 

"  Precious  salvation."     (Sir  J.  Stonhouse.) 

"  Remember  "  (the  chai-ge  to  Archbishop  Jnxon  to  bid 
Charles  11.  forgive  his  father's  muiderer.'^).     (Charles  I.) 

"I  have  sent  fi)r  a'ou  (Lord  Warwick)  to  see  how  a 
Christian  can  die."     (Addison.) 

"I  shall  l)e  happy."     (Arclil)ishop  Sharpe.) 

"  God's  will  be  done."     (Bishop  Ken.) 

"Amen."    (Bishop  Bull.) 

"I  have  peace."     (Parkhurst.) 

"  C^onie,  Lorl  Jesus."     (Burkitt.) 

"  Cease  now  "  (Lady  Masham  was  reading  the  Psalms). 
(Locke.) 

"  I  thank  God  I  was  brought  up  in  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land."    (Bishop  Gunning.) 

"  O  Lord,  forgive  me  specially  my  sins  of  omission." 
(Usher.) 

"  Lord,  receive  my  spirit."  (Ferrar,  Cranmer,  Hooper, 
G.  Herbert.) 

"  Thy  will  be  done."     (Donne.) 

"Tliis  day  let  me  see  the  Lord  Jesus."     (Jewell.) 

"  In  te  speravi :  ne  confundar  in  eternum."  (Bishop 
Abbot.) 

"God  will  save  my  soul."     (Burghley.) 

"  And  is  this  dea^^?  "    (George  IV.) 

"  Lord,  take  my  spirit."     (Edward  VI.) 

"What?  do  they  run  already?  Then  I  die  happv." 
(Wolfe.) 

"  God  bless  yon,  my  dear  "  (Miss  Morris).  (Dr.  John- 
son.) 

"  What  I  cannot  utter  with  my  mouth,  accept  Lord 
from  my  heart  and  soul."     (F.  Quarles.) 

"  Then  I  am  safe."     (Cromwell.) 

"  Let  the  earth  be  filled  with  His  glorj-."  (James, 
Earl  of  Derby,  Bishop  Broughton.) 

"  I  go  to  m}'  God  and  Saviour."     (P.  He^'lyn.) 

"  Mv  days  are  past  as  a  shadow  that  returns  not." 
(R.  Mooker.) 

"  Let  me  hear  once  more  those  notes  so  long  my  solace 
and  delight."     (Mozart.) 

"I  wish  the  true  principles  of  government  carried  out. 
I  ask  no  more."     (Harrison.) 

"For  mv  coming  down,  let  me  shift  for  myself"  (on 
the  .scaffold).     (Sir  T.  More.) 

"In  me  behold  the  end  of  this  world  with  all  its 
vanities."    (Sir  P.  Sydney.) 

Mackenzie  "Walcott,  M.A. 


QTPSIB9. 

(1"  S.  iv.  471.  ;  2°'»  S.  ii.  143.) 

It  is  desirable  that  the  statement "  We  are  Romees 
and  Egypt  was  our  fatherland  "  attributed  to  "  the 


Gypsies  everywhere  "  should  be  confirmed  by  au- 
thority, No  8uch  opinion  is  to  be  found  attributed 
to  them  by  Borrow  in  his  Zincali,  nor,  I  think,  by 
any  previous  authority  on  this  subject.  The  sup- 
posed resemblance  of  the  Gypsey  word  "  Romany  " 
(husbands)  to  the  nlpufiis  of  Herodotus  is  totally 
insufficient  to  counterbalance  the  evidence  that 
the  langua<re  of  the  Gypsies  is  an  Indian  dialect 
{Bombay  TransactionSy  1820).  Almost  every 
nation  has  a  separate  name  for  them,  and  although 
in  Hungary  and  Transylvania  they  are  called 
"  Pharaoh  Nepek,"  or  "  Pharaoh's  People,"  and 
by  the  English  "  Gypsies,"  in  reference  to  their 
assumed  Egyptian  origin,  probably  from  their 
reaching  Europe  thri)ugh  Egypt,  first  in  1427, 
"  it  seems  proved  that  they  are  not  originally 
from  that  country,  their  appearance,  manners,  and 
language  being  totally  different  from  those  of 
either  the  Copts  or  Fellalis.  There  are  many 
Gypsies  now  in  Egypt,  but  they  are  looked  upon 
as  strangers,  as  indeeil  they  are  everywhere  else  " 
(Penmj  Cyc.  Art.  "  Gipsies).  They  are  styled 
Ghvjar  in  Egypt  (Lane,  ii.  3).*  Although  the 
literal  rendering  of  Ka\hs  K<^yad6i  in  Herodotus  is 
"  beautiful  and  good,"  the  conventional  use  of 
those  words  meant  what  we  mean  by  "  a  man  of 
birth  and  educatitm  "  f  as  distinguished  from  the 
nobles  and  the  lowest  class  ;  this  is  what  Hero- 
dotus expresses  by  /cot'  'EAXaSa  yXwaaav  (Arist. 
Pol.  iv,  8.),  The  English  equivalent  to  pitomis 
is  therefore  "  gentleman  ;  "  a  character  which  the 
Gypsy  has  not  yet  borne  among  any  people.  From 
Borrow  it  appears  that  the  Gypsies  understand 
the  name,  by  which  they  designate  themselves,  to 
mean  "  husbands  ;  "  and  he  furnishes  reasons  for 
their  use  of  the  name ;  chiefly  that  their  women 
will  marry  no  other  men  ;  that  seduction  by  a 
man,  not  a  Gypsy,  is  unknown  ;  and  that  effectual 
means  are  provided  to  secure  the  women  from 
violation.  They  also  call  themselves  Sind  (In- 
dian) ;  and  a  tribe  of  them  is  found  near  the 
mouths  of  the  Indus  called  Tchinganes,  the  name 
by  which  they  are  designated  in  Turkey  and  the 
Levant.  The  digpersion  of  the  Gypsies  is  per- 
haps attributable  to  the  invasion  of  Timur  Beg, 
A.D.  1399  (Penny  Cyc.  1.  c),  T.  J.  Buckton. 

Lichfield. 


GRUNDONNEKSTAG. 

(2"'»  S,  1,  315.) 

The  Thursday  next  before  Easter  goes  under 
various  names :  in  the  Roman  Missal  it  is  called 


*  This  name  points  to  Gujerat,  near  the  province  of 
Siiide,  on  the  east  of  the  Sind  or  Indus ;  tivSol  and  'JfSol 
are  the  same  word,  the  aspirate  of  the  latter  being  rough- 
ened into  the  sibilant  of  the  former. 

f  Fort  honnetes  gens;  Artaud's  Clouds  of  Aristophanes 
(v.  101.),  i,  139. 


194 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'"'  ?.  No  36.,  Sept.  6.  '56. 


*'  Feria  V.  in  Ccena  Domini ; "  among  the  Italians, 
"  Giovedi  Santo ; "  in  England  it  used  to  be 
known  as  "  Sherethursday,"  though  most  of  us 
term  it  now  "  Maundy  Thursday,"  and  the  Ger- 
mans, "  Green  Thursday.  This  last  designation, 
like  all  the  others,  drew,  we  maybe  sure,  its  origin 
from  something  or  another  belonging  to  the  cere- 
monial of  the  day.  Both  the  English  names  have 
been  already  accounted  for  in  The  Church  of  Our 
Fathers,  t.  iii.  part  2nd,  pp.  84.  2-35.,  and  the 
origin  of  the  German  one  may  be  easily  found. 

In  olden  times,  as  well  in  Germany  as  here  in 
England,  and  elsewhere  throughout  Christendom, 
in  most  churches  all  the  altars  were  washed,  in  a 
solemn  manner,  with  water  and  wine,  and  bunches 
of  fresh  green  herbs  made  up  into  little  brooms 
were  employed  for  the  occasion  ;  with  one  of  such 
brooms  in  hiis  hand  each  of  the  clergy  went  in  his 
turn  and  rubbed  the  water  and  wine  about  on  the 
table  or  upper  side  of  the  high  altar ;  and  the 
same  ceremony,  but  in  a  less  formal  manner,  was 
used  at  all  the  other  altars  of  the  church.  The 
York  Missal  expressly  prescribes  hyssop  mixed 
with  savin  to  be  employed  for  the  purpose  (see 
Church  of  Our  Fathers,  as  above,  p.  235.)  ;  so  too 
does  the  "  Liber  Agendendorum "  for  the  metro- 
politan church  of  Salzburg :  —  "  altaria  nudentur, 
et  laventur  aqure  et  ramis  savince  fricentur  "  (Pars 
Secunda,  p.  147.).  The  same  ceremony,  after 
much  the  same  way,  was  followed  throughout 
Germany,  Poland,  and  in  places  bordering  on  the 
Rhine,  as  may  be  seen  in  the  old  editions  of  the 
Missals  for  Cologne,  Treves,  Mentz,  and  Liege; 
and  hyssop  and  box  are  almost  always  required  by 
their  rubrics  to  be  used  for  rubbing  the  altar  dry 
after  the  washing  with  water  and  wine. 

The  use  of  green  herbs  at  the  washing  of  the 
altars  on  Maundy  Thursday  has  not  been  over- 
looked by  liturgical  writers,  some  of  whom,  while 
speaking  of  it,  have  afforded  us  its  symbolical 
meaning.  Rupert,  Abbot  of  Duyts,  which  is  on 
the  German  side  of  the  Rhine,  says  : 

"  Hispidi  quoque  ramusciili  cum  quibus  lavantur  (al- 
taria in  Coena  Domini)  flagella  significant  quae  pectus 
illud  sacratum  Deique  caput  atrociter  secuerunt."  —  De 
Div.  Off.  1.  V.  c.  31. 

And  John  Beleth  writes : 

"  Altare  ergo  abluitur  quia  corpus  Christivernm  altare, 
sangnine  et  aqua  in  cruce  aspersum  fuisse  creditur.  Rami 
autem  asperi  quibus  altare  fricatur,  significant  spineam 
coronam  qua  coronatus  est  Christus,  aut  flagella  amara, 
et  ictuum  vibices,  et  graves  dolores  quos  in  morte  sus- 
tinuit."  —  Divin.  Off.  Explic.  c.  104, 

Our  own  John  Mirk  tells  us  that : 

"Thaulter  stone  betokeneth  cristes  body  that  was 
drawen  on  the  crosse  —  the  besomea  that  the  aulter  is 
■wasshen  wyth,  betokeneth  the  scourges  that  they  bete  our 
lordes  body  with  and  the  tornes  that  he  was  crowned 
with,"  &c.  —  Liher  Festivalis,  feria  iiii.  post  ramos  Pal. 
fol.  xxxiii. 


This  name  of  "  Green  Thursday  "  could  not,  as 
some  imagine,  have  originated  from  the  verse  of 
Psalm  xxii.  aliter  xxiii :  "  Dominus  regit  me,  et 
nihil  mihideerit  in  loco  pascuae  ibi  me  collocavit" 
—  rendered  in  the  Protestant  version,  "He  maketh 
me  to  lie  down  in  green  pastures  "  —  for  this  rea- 
son, that  neither  on  this  day,  nor  on  any  Sunday 
or  day  of  Lent,  does  the  public  office  begin  with 
those  words,  as  imagined. 

By  itself  the  conspicuous  employment  upon 
such  a  solemn  occasion  of  newly-gathered  herbs 
and  boughs  was  quite  as  ready  to  suggest  to  Ger- 
man minds  the  name  of  Oreen  Thursday,  as  those  . 
different  incidents  out  of  which  arose  the  terms 
"  Shere  "  and  "  Maundy  "  were  to  make  our  own 
countrymen  bestow  these  epithets  upon  the  same 
day. 

Here  in  England,  though  it  is  in  France  and 
Italy,  Holy  Thursday  is  not  another  name  for 
Maundy  Thursday,  but  for  Ascension  Day,  or 
the  Thursday  next  before  Whitsunday,  and  the 
term  is  employed  as  such  in  the  table  of  Fasting-  • 
days  in  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer.  The  well- 
flowering  spoken  of  by  Edwards  in  his  Tour  of  the 
Dove  is  not  done  on  Maundy  Thursday,  but  on 
Ascension  Thursday,  and  several  times  have  I 
gone,  while  living  not  far  from  the  Dove,  to 
Tissington,  to  see  it,  and  have  referred  to  it  in  my 
Hierurgia.  D.  Rock. 


GUANO. 


(2"'i  S.  i.  374.  482.  52^  ii.  99.) 

Though  I  am  not  able  to  fix  the  precise  date  at 
which  Peruvian  guano  was  first  used  as  a  manure, 
it  may  be  interesting  to  Mr.  Stephens  to  be  re- 
ferred to  the  following  passage  in  an  old  work 
written  in  Spanish  by  Albano  Barba,  curate  of 
the  parish  of  St.  Bernards,  in  Peru,  in  1640,  and 
translated  in  1669  by  the  Earl  of  Sandwich,  which 
has  been  published  in  the  last  Journal  of  the  Bath 
and  West  of  England  Agricultural  Society :  — 

"  Cardanus,  among  his  curiosities  makes  mention  of 
another  kind  of  earth,  antiently  called  Brittanica  from  the 
Country  where  it  is  found ;  thej'  were  fain  to  dig  very~ 
deep  mines  to  come  at  it.  It  was  white ;  and  after  they 
separated  the  plate  that  it  contained,  they  manured  their 
tilth  fields  with  the  earth,  which  were  put  in  heart 
thereby  for  one  hundred  years  after.  Out  of  Islands 
in  the"  South  Sea,  not  far' from  the  City  of  Ania,  they 
fetch  earth  that  does  the  same  effect  as  the  last  afore- 
mentioned. It  is  called  Guano,  id  est,  Dung :  not  because 
it  is  the  dung  of  sea  fowls,  as  many  suppose,  but  because 
of  its  admirable  virtue  in  making  ploughed  ground  fer- 
tile. It  is  light  and  spongy,  and  that  which  is  brought 
from  the  Island  of  Iquej-que  is  of  a  dark  grej'  colour,  like 
unto  tobacco  ground  small ;  although  from  the  Islands 
nearer  Ania,  they  get  a  white  earth,  inclining  to  sallow, 
of  the  same  virtue.  It  instantly  colours  water  whereinto 
it  is  put,  as  if  it  were  of  the  best  leigh,  and  smells  very 
strong.  The  quantities  and  virtues  of  this  and  of  many 
other  samples  of  the  New  World,  are  a  large  field  for 


2»^  S.  No  36.,  Sept.  6.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


195 


ingenious  persons  to  discourse  philosophically  upon,  when 
they  shall  bend  their  minds  more  to  the  searching  out  of 
truth  than  riches." 

The  earth  called  Brittanica  is  of  course  marl : 
which,  in  very  early  days,  was  much  used  in  Eng- 
land, and  particularly  in  Kent  and  Sussex.  In 
the  "  Letters  to  Ralph  de  Nevlll,  Bishop  of  Chi- 
chester, written  by  his  Steward,"  and  published 
by  Mr.  Blaauw  in  the  3rd  volume  of  The  Sussex 
Archceologicul  Collections,  we  have  frequent  notices 
of  its  application  to  the  land.  Writing  to  the 
bishop  in  1222,  he  says  : 

"  By  the  Grace  of  God  all  your  affairs  proceed  pros- 
perously in  Sussex.  I  am  using  Marl  at  Selsey,  with  2 
Carts,  as  it  is  said  that  the  Marl  found  there  is  the  best ; 
wherefore,  if  you  should  see  it  to  be  advisable  that  I 
should  use  Marl  with  more  Carts,  I  advise  you  should 
procure  from  Sir  Godescall,  or  elsewhere,  12  mares  to 
draw  in  the  Carts,  inasmuch  as  it  is  expedient  for  you 
to  procure  them  in  those  parts,  because  they  are  as  dear 
as  Gold  in  Sussex,  ...  In  like  manner,"  he  adds,  "  I  am 
using  Marl  at  VVatresfield  with  5  Carts,  and  I  much  hope 
that  it  will  result  to  your  advantage.  ...  In  your  manor 
of  Selsey,  I  am  marling  effectually,  so  that  on  the  de- 
parture of  this,  five  acres  have  been  marled, " 

There  are  very  few  farms  in  the  Weald  of 
Sussex  without  what  are  called  their  marl  fields. 
The  use  of  lime  and  chalk,  has  superseded  that  of 
marl ;  but  the  numerous  marl-pits,  which  are  now 
commonly  transformed  into  ponds,  in  which  carp 
and  tench  are  kept,  fish  which  were  much  more 
esteemed  by  our  ancestors  than  by  ourselves,  to 
whom  all  the  finny  treasures  of  the  deep  are 
open,  prove  how  prevalent  the  custom  of  marling 
once  was.  R.  W.  B. 


EPITAPHS    AT    WINCHESTER. 

(!•*  S.  xii.  424. ;  2"'»  S.  ii.  64.) 

If  the  doggerel  verses  on  the  tombstone  of  the 
Hampshire  Grenadier,  in  the  churchyard  of  Win- 
chester Cathedral,  (which  I  venture  to  say  are 
utterly  unworthy  of  a  place  in  a  Christian  ceme- 
tery,) were  composed  by  a  Dr.  Hoadley,  it  is 
clear,  however,  that  the  bishop  of  that  name  was 
not  the  author.  Possibly  we  may  not  be  wrong 
in  fathering  them  upon  his  son,  who  was  Chan- 
cellor of  Winchester,  and  dabbled  in  poetry, 
though  his  works  are  now  as  little  read  as  his 
father's  huge  theological  tomes.  I  wish  to  correct 
an  error  in  the  copy  of  the  memorial  of  Colonel 
Boles,  as  printed  in  "N.  &Q."  In  the  eighth 
line  the  word  caught  should  be  caused. 

I  send  some  epitaphs  from  the  cloisters  of  Win- 
chester College,  which  perhaps  may  be  interesting 
enough  to  have  a  place  in  "  N.  &  Q."  They  are 
all  of  the  period  immediately  subsequent  to  the 
Reformation  ;  and  are  curious,  as  indicating  the 
style  and  taste  which  prevailed  in  such  composi- 
tions, and  which  superseded  the  ancient  formulary 
(for  such  indeed  it  was)  of  "  Orate  pro  animi,"  and 


"Cujus  anirtte  propitietur  Deus  :  Amen."  They 
are  not  altogether  void  of  Christian  sentiment, 
nor  even  of  prayer  for  the  deceased ;  but  this  is 
often  mixed  up  with  what  in  some  instances  is 
very  like  a  pun,  and  in  others  with  very  queer 
conceits,  so  that  probably  many  persons  may 
think  that  they  contrast  somewhat  unfavourably 
with  the  ancient  form.  They  are  mostly  engraved 
on  small  oblong  tablets  of  brass,  inserted  in  the 
walls,  within  a  framework  of  stone. 
On  the  west  wall : 

«  Epi.  M.  Jo.  Dol.  Socii 
Defuncti  3.  Aprilis,  1560. 
"  Claustri  pro  foribus  Dolberum  cerne  sepultum, 
Umbrarum  assessor.  Janitor  ille  loci  est : 
Non  mains  ille  fuit,  qui  verba  novissima  dixit, 

O  bone  Christe,  precor  te  miserere  mei. 
Sanctorum  assessor,  vel  coeli  Janitor  ut  sit, 
Funde  pias  Christo,  lector  amice,  preces." 

The  point  of  this  epitaph  turns  upon  the  place 
of  the  interment,  viz.  the  entrance  of  the  cloisters. 


"  Edmunde  Hodson,  Gierke,  and  Fellow  of  this  College, 
died  the  vii.  of  August,  1580. 

"  Whoso  thow  art,  with  lovinge  harte, 
Stande,  reade,  and  thinck  on  me ; 
For  as  I  was,  so  now  thow  arte ; 
And  as  I  am,  so  shalte  thow  be." 


"  Epit.  Wil.  Adkins  in  artibus 
Magistri,  et  Socii  istius  Collegii. 

"  Nolle  tuum  nihil  est,  ad  magni  velle  Tonantis ; 

Invitusque  licet,  nunc,  Gulielme,  jaces : 

Ingenio  tam  laetus  eras,  quam  corpore  obesus, 

Comodus  [_sic'\,  et  multa,  non  sine  teste,  fide : 
Nunc  te  Christus  habet;   habeasque,  o  Christe,   pre- 
camur. 
Nee  tibi  qui  moritur,  desinat  esse  tuus. 

«  Obiit  xviii"  die  Decembris  Ao  mdlxi." 


"  Tho.  Davison,  obiit  20.  Julii,  1586. 

"  Hie  nunc  denique  Davisone  putres ; 
Triginta  socius  perennis  annos ; 
Vivens,  ipse  tibi  nimis  severus ; 
Expirans,  aliis  satis  profusus." 


«  Epitaphiura  Thome  Geflfres,  sacre  Theologie 

Bacchll.  olim  hujus  Colleg.  Socii 

Qui  obiit  21°  August.  1605. 

"  Quem  Chamus  puerum,  juvenem  Aula,  virumque  re- 

cepit 

Wenta,  senem  quem  mors,  hunc  capit  iste  locus, 

Talis  erat,  qualis,  cui  quseque  fuere  minuta, 

Pectoris  exceptis,  ingeniique,  bonis. 
Musaeo  vixit,  Musjeo  morte  peremptus, 
Conveniens  vitae  mors  fuit  ill»  suae." 

I  am  unable  to  explain  the  allusions  in  the  first 
line  of  this  epitaph.  It  may  be  that  the  places  of 
his  earlier  education  are  intended.  He  was  born 
at  Hertford,  as  appears  by  the  register  of  admis- 
sions of  scholars  to  Winchester  College,  and  was 


196 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nds.  N0  36.,  Sept.  6.'66. 


admitted  as  a  scholar  a.d.  1557,  beinj^  then  four- 
teen years  old.  Are  we  to  understand  by  the  last 
couplet  that  he  was  a  "bookworm,"  and  even  died 
in  the  library  ? 

"  Epitaphium  Thomae  Jones  in  legibus  Bachilarii 
quondam  hujus  CoUegii  Socii. 

"Hie  jaceo,  juvenis,  primum  civilia  jura 
Qui  didici,  qui  idem  sacra  secutus  eram ; 
Qui  vitam  morbis  variis,  gravibusque  peregi ; 
Tandem  per  te  (Mors)  hoc  requiesco  loco  : 

Jura  mihi  multum,  plus  pagina  sacra  placebat ; 
Nempe  fuit  morbis  haec  medicina  meis. 

"  Dum  vixit  sepe  in  ore  habuit,  Satis  diu  vixi,  si  Dno 
satis.    Obiit  16.  die  Sep',  An"  Drii  1585. 

On  the  east  wall : 

"  Epitaphium  Magistri  Thoma  Larke 
nuper  Socii  istius  Collegii.    Ob.  16.  Mail,  1582, 

"  Qui  premor  hoc  tumulo  dicor  praenomine  Thomas, 
Cognomen  fecit  dulcis  Alauda  mihi. 
Bis  septem  menses,  ter  septem  presbyter  annos, 
Hie  colui,  cujus  nunc  fruor  ore,  Deum." 


"  Epitaphium  Ro.  Waltoni  Socii  hujus 
Collegii.     Defunct.  13.  Jan.  1596. 
"  Postquam  tran^egi  centum,  vel  circiter,  annos, 
Longa  mihi  sed  non  curva  senecta  fuit. 
Languor  ineKhauitos  quassans  paralyticus  artus. 
Hinc  animam  coelo  tradidit,  ossa  solo." 


"  Gulielmus  Turner, 

Hujus  Collegii  Clericus;  obiit  14" 

die  Martii,  Anno  Domini  1644. 

"  Olim  cantica  (musicsB  peritus) 
Dulci  voce  dedisti,  et  arte  mult&: 
Et  nunc  longe,  anima  polis  fruente, 
Edis  dulcius,  peritiusque." 

This  is  on  a  small  slab  of  marble. 
On  the  north  wall : 

"  Epita.  Georgii  Flower  in  artibus  Magistri. 
"  Ecce  Georgius  hoc  Florus  sub  marmore  dormit, 
Floruerat,  sed  flos  ille  caducus  erat. 
Bis  septem  socius  vix  hie  transegerat  annos, 
Mors  pede  quum  pulsat,  Florus  ut  hinc  abeat. 
"  Obiit  18°  die  Novembris,  A"  1578." 


"  Epita.  Jo.  Gierke. 

"Clausus  Joannes  jacet  hoc  sub  marmore  Clerkus, 
Qui  fuit  hie  quondam  presbiter  et  socius. 
In  terra  roseos  solitus  stillare  liquores, 
In  coelo  vivis  nunc  quoque  gaudet  aquis. 
"Obiit  X"  die  mensis  Junii,  1571." 
It  would  be  useless  to  attempt  to  discover  for 
certain  the  authors  of  these  epitaphs;   but  some 
of  them  appear  to  be  in  the  style  of  Christopher 
Jonson,  well  known  anionoj  those  acquainted  with 
Wykeharaical  lore  for  his  quaint  effusions  in  Latin 
verse,  many  of  which  were  first  given  to  the  public 
in  a  volume  called  The  College  of  St.  Mary  Win- 
ton,  near  Winchester,  edited  by  the  present  Bishop 


of  St.  Andrews,  &c.,  and  published  by  Parker, 
Oxford,  and  Nntt,  London,  1848.  Jonson  was 
Head  Master  of  Wmchester  School  from  1560  to 
1571,  in  which  year  he  retired,  and  afterwards 
practised  as  a  physician  in  the  parish  of  St.  Dun- 
stan's  irt  the  West.  There  is  a  curious  letter 
written  by  him  to  Sir  William  Cecil,  concerning 
the  misconduct  of  one  Richard  Lyllington,  a 
scholar  of  his,  whom  Cecil  had  befriended.  It 
may  be  seen  in  Ellis's  Original  Letters,  2nd  Ser. 
vol.  ii.  Letter  clxxxi.  W.  H.  Gunnee. 


3Se))lfei$  to  Minat  ^xitxlti. 

Brawn  (1»'  S.  xi.  366.)  —  A  correspondent 
finding  that  Brawn  in  Dr.  King's  Art  of  Cookery, 
is  spoken  of  in  the  same  way  as  Kifcat  and  Louket, 
thinks  it  probable  that  Brawn  also  kept  a  house 
of  entertainment.  There  is  no  doubt  about  it. 
Brawn  was  celebrated  as  a  cook,  and  kept  the 
"  Rummer  in  Queen  Street."  King's  Analogy 
between  Physicians,  Cooks,  and  Playwrights,  thus 
opens : 

"Though  I  seldom  gat  out  of  my  own  lodgings,  I  was 
prevailed  on  the  other  day  to  dine  with  some  friends  at 
the  Rummer  in  Queen  Street.  .  .  .  Sam  Trusty  would 
nieds  have  me  go  with  him  into  the  kitchen,  and  see 
how  matters  went  there.  .  .  .  He  assured  me  tliat 
Mr.  Brawn  had  an  art,  &c.  I  was,  inleed,  very  much 
pleased  and  surprised  with  the  extraordinary  s|>lendour 
and  economy  I  observed  there;  but  above  all,  with  the 
great  readiness  and  dexterity  of  the  man  himself.  His 
motions  were  quick,  but  not  precipitate ;  he  in  an  instant 
applied  himself  from  one  stove  to  another  without  the 
least  appearance  of  hurrj',  and  in  the  midst  of  smoak  and 
fire  preserved  an  incredible  serenitj'  of  countenance." 

That  vulgar  celebrity,  Beau  Brummel,  accord- 
ing to  Mr.  Jesse,  spoke  with  a  relish  worthy  a  de- 
scendant of  the  "Rummer"  of  the  savoury  pies 
of  his  aunt  Brawn,  who  then  resided  at  Kilburn. 
Aunt  Brawn  was  the  widow,  I  believe,  of  a  graiid- 
sim  of  the  celebrity  of  Queen  Street,  who  had 
himself  kept  the  public-house  at  the  old  Mews 
Gate  at  Charing  Cross.  A.  B.  C. 

Corn  Measures  (2"''  S.  ii.  131.)  —  The  common 
Winchester  bushels  of  the  sixteenth  and  seven- 
teenth centuries  were  from  a  gallon  of  272^  cubic 
inches;  and  were  therefore  of  2178  cubic  inches. 
The  statute  13  William  III.,  intending  no  doubt 
to  preserve  this  gallon,  defined  the  bushel  as  of 
18^  inches  diameter,  and  8  inches  high.  But  this 
was  a  defective  calculation  ;  for  it  gives  a  gallon 
of  268'8  cubic  inches.  Subsequent  statutes  fas 
45  George  III.)  paid  no  attention  to  this,  and  de- 
fined the  Winchester  gallon  as  272^  cubic  inches. 

The  writer  who  says  that  the  Winchester  bushel 
was  a  thirty-second  part  larger  than  the  imperial 
bushel  is  quite  wrong.  The  only  bushel,  I  believe, 
which  is  one  thirty-second  larger  than  any  other 


2^  S.  No  86.,  Sept.  6.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


197 


bushel  is  the  coal  bushel  of  12  Anne,  which  is  a 
quart  larger  than  the  Winchester  bushel,  exclu- 
sive of  the  heaping.  There  are  many  odd  state- 
ments about  weiglits  and  measures  in  common 
books  :  and  it  is  quite  possible  that,  by  successive 
transfusion,  the  coal  bushel  one  quart  larger  than 
the  Winchester  bushel  may  have  been  altered  into 
the  Winchester  bushel  one  quart  larger  than  the 
imperial  bushel.  A.  De  Morgan. 

McTurk  and  Williams  (q.  of  Flint),  Families 
of  (2"'^  S.  ii.  149.)— From  the  pedigree  of  Kelsall 
of  Bradshaw  (Ormerod's  Cheshire,  vol.  iii.  p.  323), 
it  would  appear  that  there  was  not  any  connexion 
between  Mr.  Smith  Kelsall  and  the  above  families, 
nor  that  of  Walmsley  of  Coldcoates  and  Bashall. 
Mr.  Smith  Kelsall,  or  his  son  Mr.  Oldfield  Kelsall, 
if  not  both,  were,  I  believe,  solicitors  ;  and  pro- 
bably acted  in  that  capacity  to  the  families  in- 
dicated. Who  succeeded  to  their  business  and 
professional  papers  ?  A  satisfactory  reply  to  this 
Query  might  supply  a  solution  of  that  of  Inves- 
tigator. Cestbiensis. 

"■Nolo  episcopari"  (1^  S.  iv.  346.;  2"^  S.  ii. 
155.)  — The  common  opinion  that  a  bishop-elect 
expresses  an  unwillingness  to  accept  the  dignity, 
has  been  usually  referred  to  a  mere  vulgar  error, 
but  has  probably  some  better  origin.  Chamber- 
layne,  in  his  Present  State  of  En-^land,  describing 
"  The  Solemn  Manner  of  making  a  Bishop,"  after 
mentioning  the  issue  of  the  Conge  d'Eslire,  pro- 
ceeds thus : 

"  Then  the  Dean  summons  a  Chapter,  or  Assembly  of 
the  Prebendaries,  who  either  elect  the  person  recom- 
mended by  the  King's  Letters,  or  shew  cause  to  the  con- 
trary. Next  the  Election  is  certified  to  the  party  elected, 
who  doth  modestly  refuse  it  the  first  and  second  time ; 
and  if  he  doth  refuse  it  a  third  time,  then  that  being  cer- 
tified to  his  Majest\%  another  is  recommended." 

I  have  not  the  earliest  editions  of  Chamber- 
layne's  work,  but  I  find  the  passage  in  two  which 
are  now  on  my  table :  the  "  nineteenth,"  London, 
1700  (p.  226.),  and  the  "  one-and-twentieth,"  ib., 
1704  (p.  2:^0.). 

As  the  Irish  sees  are  conferred  by  Royal  Letters 
Patent,  without  even  the  form  of  an  election,  we 
cannot  deduce  any  evidence  from  them  as  to  this 
matter  :  but  it  might  be  worth  while  to  inquire 
what  is  the  practice  in  the  Scottish  Episcopal 
Church,  and  in  the  see  of  Sodor  and  Man  on 
such  occasions  ?  Arteeus. 

Dublin. 

"Carmina  Q'tadragesimalia'"  (2""*  S.  ii.  130.)  — 
I  have  in  my  possession  the  two  volumes  of  these 
poems  referred  to  by  Oxoniensis.  They  formerly 
belonged  to  the  Rev.  Henry  Sissmore,  late  Fellow 
of  Winchester  College.  In  the  second  volume  the 
names  of  the  authors  of  most  of  the  poems  have 
been  inserted  in  MS.  by  Mr.  Sissmore,  as  I  sup- 
pose.   If  the  iaformatioa  thus  afforded  will  be  of 


any  service  to  Oxoniensis,  I  shall  be  happy  either 
to  communicate  it  to  him  privately,  or,  if  it  is  of 
sufficient  interest,  (as  I  think  it  i.s,)  to  send  it  for 
publicati(m  in  "  N.  &  Q."  W.  H.  Gunner. 

[We  shall  be  glad  to  receive  these  Notes.  —  Ed.  "  N. 
&  Q.»] 

Double  Christian  Names  (V*  S.  passim ;  2°"*  S. 
i.  253.  384.  440.)  —  The  earliest  instance  of  a 
double  Christian  name  I  have  noted  is  in  a  deed 
poll,  dated  36  Edw.  III.  (a.d.  1363),  from  "Ste- 
phen, son  of  John  Fylip  Curpel,  of  Fincham,"  in 
CO.  Norfolk. 

Another  deed,  dated  37  Edw.  III.,  reads, 
"  Stephen,  son  of  John  Philip  Curpel." 

The  Curpels  were  lords  of  a  manor  of  that 
name  in  Fincham.  G.  H.  D. 

Verstegafi  in  the  "Epistle  to  our  English 
Nation,"  prefixed  to  his  Restitutio?!  of  Decayed 
Intelligence,  Sj'c,  says  that  his  grandfather,  "  The- 
odore Rowland  Verstegan,  was  born  in  the  Dutchy 
of  Geldres,  and  being  a  young  man  came  to 
England  about  the  end  of  the  raign  of  K.  Henry 
the  Seventh."  To  this  he  appends  the  following 
marginal  note  : 

"  It  is  often  seen  in  Germany  that  either  godfather  at 
Christning,  giveth  his  name  to  his  godson.  And  there- 
fore it  coaieth  that  many  have  two  proper  names  besides 
their  sirnames." 

It  would  appear  from  this  thiit  in  1605  (the  date 
of  the  epistle)  double  Christian  names  were  so 
rare  in  England  that  Verstegan  thought  it  ne- 
cessary to  explain  why  Germans  often  had  them. 
Perhaps  this  very  note  of  his  once  popular  book 
may  have  helped  to  introduce  them  into  this 
country. 

I  have  often  thought  that  much  confusion  of 
persons  would  be  avoided,  and  the  investigations 
of  the  genealogist  much  facilitated,  if  a  custom 
prevailed  that  every  child  should  bear  its  mother's 
maiden  surn^ne  immediately  before  its  father's. 
Thus  the  ofll^ring  of  Thomas  Smith  and  Mary 
his  wife  — late  Jones,  spinster  —  would  be  named 
Thomas  Jones  Smith,  Sarah  Jones  Smith,  &c. 
Such  a  plan,  if  always  followed,  would  not  only 
identify  better  persons  bearing  such  common 
names  as  those  I  have  selected  ;  but  would  also 
show  what  was  the  mother's  maiden  name,  which 
it  is  now  so  difficult  to  establish.  E.  G.  R. 

Christian  Names  (2"'^  S.  ii.  29.) — F.  asks  the 
meaning  of  the  practice,  which  prevails  in  the 
United  States,  of  inserting  a  capital  letter  between 
a  Christian  name  and  surname  ?  It  is  done 
merely  for  distinction.  The  names  of  Mr,  Polk 
are  "  James  Polk,"  and  I  saw  it  stated  in  a  book 
of  American  travels  that  the  author  had  been  in- 
formed that  the  ex-president  adopted  the  signature 
of  "  James  K.  Polk "  merely  to  ensure  the  safe  , 
delivery  of  letters  intended  for  him. 


198 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  36.,  Sept.  6.  '56. 


The  following  extract  from  Barnuni's  Autobio- 
graphy seems  to  confirm  ihis  statement : 

"  Being  in  Albany  on  business  in  November,  1842,  I 
stopped  one  nigbt  in  Bridjjeporc,  Ct.,  my  brother,  Philo 
F.,  lleeping  the  Franklin  Hotel  at  the  time. 

"  1  had  heard  of  a  remarkably  small  child  in  Bridgeport, 
and  by  my  request  my  brother  brought  him  to  the  hotel. 
He  was  the  smallest  child  I  ever  saw  that  could  walk 
alone.  He  was  not  two  feet  in  height,  and  weighed  less 
than  sixteen  pounds.  He  was  a  bright-eyed  little  fellow, 
with  light  hair  and  ruddy  cheeks,  was  perfectly  healthy, 
and  as  symmetrical  as  an  Apollo.  He  was  exceedingly 
bashful ;  but,  after  some  coaxing,  he  was  induced  to  con- 
verse with  me,  and  informed  me  that  his  name  was 
Charles  S.  Stratton,  son  of  Sherwood  JE.  Stratton. 

"  They  arrived  in  New  York  on  Thanksgiving  Day, 
December  8,  1842 ;  and  Mrs.  Stratton  was  greatly  asto- 
nished to  find  her  son  heralded  in  my  Museum  bills  as 
Gen.  Tom  Thumb,  a  dwarf  of  eleven  years  of  age,  just 
arrived  from  England ! "  , 

Why  is  December  8th  termed  "  Thanksgiving 
Day  ?  "  I  cannot  find  that  any  public  event  con- 
nected with  America  occurred  on  that  day.  Is  it 
a  rdigious  festival  ?  Ein  Frager. 

Germination  of  Seeds  (2""*  S.  ii.  117.)  —Mr.  R. 
W.  Hackwood  asks  if  it  be  really  a  fact,  that  if 
quick-lime  be  put  on  land  which  from  time  imme- 
morial produced  nothing  but  heather,  the  heather 
will  be  killed,  and  white  clover  spring  up  in  its 
place  ? 

Nothing  can  be  more  certain  than  this :  that 
lime  as  a  manure  brings  trefoil  of  some  species, 
where  it  never  has  appeared  before,  in  the  West 
of  Ireland ;  where  sea-sand  (containing  more  or 
less  of  lime)  is  a  general  manure  for  bog  and 
heath  land.  Every  farmer  is  familiar  with  the 
phenomenon  of  trefoil  growing  within  a  year  or 
so  after  sand-top  dressing,  on  a  wild  mountain  side, 
where  it  never  had  been  seen  before.        A.  B.  R. 

In  the  deep  cuttings  made  by  railways  various 
strata  become  exposed  to  light  and^ir.  Travel- 
ling, a  short  time  ago,  near  Rossl^I  thought  I 
could  detect  a  particular  plant,  I  think  it  was 
charlock,  growing  along  the  line  of  one  of  the 
strata,  and  not  on  any  of  the  others. 

Have  any  of  your  readers  noticed  such  a  thing, 
or  will  this  hint  induce  them  to  do  so  in  future, 
and  confirm  the  observation,  if  true  ?  T.  W. 

Family  of  Hogarth  (2°'^  S.  ii.  149.)  —  Mr.  Wil- 
liam Hogarth,  the  representative  of  the  family 
inquired  after  by  Sigma  Theta,  is,  or  recently 
was,  living  at  Clifton,  near  Penrith,  and  I  believe 
has  taken  great  pains  in  tracing  his  family  pedi- 
gree. J.  F.  M. 

Ten  years  since  I  stayed  some  days  with  one 
of  this  family,  with  whom  a  young  friend  of  mine 
was  "  a  mud  student,"  that  is,  was  a  farming  pupil. 
This  Mr.  Hogarth  died  very  lately,  and  gave  up 


his  farm,  near  Wooler,  in  Northumberland,  several 
years  since,  on  account  of  ill  health.  He  was  from 
the  Scotch  side  of  the  Border,  full  of  anecdote 
and  information,  and  a  very  good  specimen  of  a 
gentle-minded  man  and  practical  farmer.  He 
pronounced  his  name  Hog-arth. 

A.  Holt  White. 
Southend. 

The  House  of  Brunswick  and  the  Casting  Vote 
(2°^  S.  ii.  44.  97.)  —  Joseph  Paice,  Esq.,  M.P.  for 
Lyme  Regis,  Dorset,  has  had  the  credit  of  giving 
the  casting  vote  for  the  succession  of  the  House 
of  Hanover  to  the  throne  of  this  realm. 

Statements  to  this  effect  have  often  appeared 
in  print,  and  have  met  with  no  contradiction. 

The  late  Mr.  Samuel  Bagster,  the  publisher,  and 
founder  of  the  Polyglot  warehouse,  Paternoster 
Row,  London,  who  was  from  Lyme  Regis,  once 
invited  me  to  see  a  medal  given  by  Queen  Anne 
to  Joseph  Paice,  Esq.,  M.P,,  at  a  Mr.  F,  (?)  Gib- 
son's, Turnham  Green,  a  descendant  of  that 
member  of  parliament.  Having  taken  my  place 
for  the  Continent  I  could  not  accept  the  invitation. 
I  believe  this  was  in  1824.  George  Roberts, 

Worthing. 

Modem  Judaism  (2°'^  S.  ii.  148.) — I  will  answer 
Delta's  Queries  as  briefly  as  possible. 

A  good  deal  of  information,  from  a  Gentile  point 
of  view,  may  be  got  from  Mill's  work  on  the 
British  Jews,  and  from  Ridley  Herschel's  small 
work  on  the  Jews  of  Poland.  The  best  account, 
however,  is  to  be  had  in  Jewish  works ;  a  great 
variety  of  which  can  be  obtained  at  the  bookshops 
in  the  Minories  and  that  neighbourhood. 

The  Jews  are  permitted  to  be  landholders  In 
different  countries ;  but  the  law  of  Moses,  which 
commands  the  restoration  of  the  land  to  the  owner, 
is  applicable  only  to  Palestine. 

If  the  Jews  were  restored  to  Palestine,  and  had 
their  temple  rebuilt,  why  ought  they  not  to  re- 
sume sacrifices  ?  The  law  commanding  sacrifices 
has  never  been  repealed ;  and  sacrifices  are  at 
this  day  offered  by  the  Samaritans  at  Naplous. 

It  would  be  impossible  to  determine  what  in- 
fluence "  Christianity,  philosophy,  and  the  general 
progress  of  knowledge,"  have  had  "  on  the  creed, 
conduct,  and  habits"  of  the  Jews.  The  Gentiles 
have,  no  doubt,  had  a  great  influence  on  the  Jews ; 
but  probably  the  Jews  have  exerted  a  still  greater 
reciprocal  action  on  the  Gentiles  —  greater,  be- 
cause for  thousands  of  years  they  have  been  so 
firmly  knit  and  massed  together,  whereas  the 
Gentiles  have  been  continually  fluctuating.  One 
day  It  is  the  Greeks,  next  day  it  is  the  Romans, 
then  it  is  the  Moors,  and  now  it  is  the  British  and 
Americans  that  are  influencing  the  Jews  ;  but  the 
Jews  remain  constant  through  the  ages. 

As  to  the  restoration  of  the  Jews,  there  can  be 
little  doubt  that  one  day  It  will  be  accomplished. 


2-^  S.  No  36.,  Sept.  6.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


199 


The  people  are  bent  upon  it,  and  they  will  attain 
their  object.  Since  the  days  of  the  Roman  em- 
peror Julian,  the  chance  of  restoration  was  never 
so  good  as  at  this  moment.  The  only  thing,  pro- 
bably, tliat  keeps  the  Jews  quiet  and  cautious  is 
the  extreme  fanaticism  of  the  Christians,  who 
fight  desperately  every  year  about  the  holy  places. 
The  Arabs  are  somewhat  fanatical  too  about 
Fundry  holy  places  in  Palestine  ;  so  that  if  the 
Jews  were  to  obtain  possession  of  their  ancient 
inheritance  now,  they  would  be  sure  to  rouse  a 
whole  nest  of  hornets  about  their  ears.  The 
scream  of  the  railway  whistle,  however,  will  make 
the  foul  fiend  of  fanaticism  take  his  flight  from 
eastern  lands,  and  then  the  ancient  but  long-lost 
Jewish  nation  will  reappear.  Theta. 

Delta's  first  Query  is  answered  by  a  reference 
to  Modetm  Judaism,  or  a  Brief  Account  of  the 
Opinions,  Traditions,  Bites,  and  Ceremonies  of  the 
Jews  in  Modern  Times,  by  Jolin  Allen,  8vo.,  Lon- 
don, 1816.  Lowndes  notices  it  as  "  the  best  work 
on  modern  Judaism  in  our  language."       J.  F.  M. 

Portrait  of  Swift  (2"'^  S.  ii.  21.  96.  158.)  — 
G.  N.'s  original  statement  was  this  :  "  Faulkner 
printed  an  edition  of  Dean  Swift's  Wo7-hs\n  1734." 
C.  inferred  from  it,  and  very  naturally,  that  there 
was  an  edition  prior  to  the  well-known  edition  of 
1735.  I  believe  this  to  be  a  mistake.  It  now 
appears  that  G.  N.  has  only  a  mutilated  copy  of 
a  fourth  volume,  and  he  learns  "from  some  of  the 
inside  title-pages  to  particular  tracts  "  that  it  was 
"  Printed  in  the  year  mdccxxxiv."  I  doubt  this. 
In  the  4th  vol.  of  edition  of  1735  —  1735  observe 
—  one  of  the  tracts,  page  3  59,  is  stated  to  have 
been  "Printed  in  the  year  mdccxxxiv."  But 
others,  pp.  35.  and  59.  are  said  to  have  been 
"  Printed  in  the  year  mdccxxxiii."  The  edition, 
however,  was  published,  as  tlie  title-page  states, 
in  1735,  with  the  "Advertisement"  quoted  by 
G.  N.,  and  I  believe  that  G.  N.  will  find  the  name 
"Vert"  on  the  miserable  portrait  to  which  he 
refers,  in  the  plate,  on  the  step  just  above  the 
harp.  If  he  still  doubts  the  fact  that  he  possesses 
only  a  mutilated  copy  of  the  4th  vol.  of  the  edit, 
of  1735,  will  he  have  the  kindness  to  forward  it 
for  examination  to  the  editor  of  "  N.  &  Q." 

P.  O.  S. 

Aspasia's  Wart  cured  hj  Rose  Leaves  (2""*  S. 
ii.  130)  —  What  authority  the  writer  referred  to 
by  R.  T.  Scott  may  have  had,  I  cannot  say  ;  but 
the  story  of  the  wart  of  the  young  Phocajan  lady, 
and  its  cure,  is  one  of  the  many  excellent  anec- 
dotes told  by  iElian.  The  twelfth  book  of  the 
lloiKiXri  'IffTopta  (p.  471.  of  Conrad  Gesner's  edition) 
opens  with  this  subject.  It  tells  us  how  the  little 
Aspasia  (not  the  "companion"  of  Pericles,  but 
she  who  was  subsequently  the  mistress  of  Cyrus), 
being  afflicted  with  this  little  tumour  under  her 


chin,  was  taken  by  her  father  to  a  medical  gentle- 
man, who  asked  such  a  fee  before  he  would  apply 
a  remedy,  that  the  sire,  unable  to  pay  it,  took  his 
sorrowing  daughter  home  again.  It  was  on  the 
same  night  that  there  appeared  to  the  latter,  when 
asleep,  a  charming  pigeon,  which  transformed 
itself  into  the  figure  of  a  most  exquisite  lady, —  the 
Queen  of  Love  in  short.  The  celestial  visitant 
enjoined  Aspasia  to  have  nothing  to  do  with  the 
mercenary  doctor,  his  salves,  and  his  lotions,  but 
to  apply  to  the  tumour  some  rose-leaves  from  a 
garland  consecrated  to  Venus.  This  advice  was 
followed,  and,  of  course,  with  the  happiest  results. 
An  amusingly  quaint  translation  of  this  and  the 
other  "  divers  anecdotes  "  of  ^Elian  will  be  found 
in  Woodcocke's  edition,  1576. 

The  custom  of  washing  the  statue  of  the  god- 
dess and  decorating  it  with  roses,  is  thus  noticed 
by  Ovid  (Fast.,  lib.  Iv.  136.,  &c.)  : 

"  Aurea  marmoreo  redimicula  solvite  collo: 
Demite  divitias  :  tota  lavanda  Dea  est. 
Aurea  siccato  redimicula  reddite  collo: 

Nunc  alii  flores,  nunc  nova  danda  rosa  est." 

J.  DOKAN. 

Prayer  for  Unity  (2°^  S.ii.  109.)  —  This  beau- 
tiful prayer  is  inserted  in  an  edition  of  the  Prayer- 
Book  in  my  possession,  published  in  1727,  by 
Baskett  of  Edinburgh.  The  Service  now  used  on 
the  20th  of  June  was  then  used  on  the  1st  of 
August,  being  the  day  on  which  King  George  I. 
commenced  his  rei^n.  After  the  Service  is  the 
usual  notification  as  to  its  adoption,  — 

"Given  at  our  Court  at  St.  James's  the  13th  day  of 
June,  1715,  in  the  First  year  of  Our  Reign.  By  His  Ma- 
jesty's command.  —  Townshend." 

I  cannot  supply  the  name  of  the  author  of  this 
touching  composition.  G.  L.  S. 

Prologues  and  JEpilognes  to  the  Westminster 
Plays  (2"^  S.  ii.  68.)  — C.  J.  Douglas  will  find 
some  of  the  Prologues  and  Epilogues  interspersed 
among  the  Selecta  Poemata  Anglorum,  published 
in  1774  and  1776.  To  one  of  them  is  annexed 
the  classic  name  of  Vincent  Bourne.  Dates  are 
placed  to  some,  but  others  bear  neither  name  nor 
date.  I  believe  it  is  now  usual  for  the  head 
master  to  write  the  Prologue  and  Epilogue.  A 
complete  collection  would  indeed  be  interesting 
from  their  reference  to  the  contemporaneous 
events  of  the  times.  Oxoniensis. 

Punjab  (2"^  S.  ii.  129.)  —  Your  correspondent 
G.  L.  S.  will  find  all  the  information  he  requires 
respecting  the  derivation  of  the  names  of  the  five 
rivers  in  the  Punjab  in  Thornton's  Gazetteer  of  the 
Countries  adjacent  to  India,  He  will  there  see 
tjiat  the  Chinab  or  Chenaub  is  sometimes  called  the 
Chandi'a-Bhaga,  because  it  proceeds  from  a  small 
lake  of  that  name  which  means  the  "  Garden  of 
the  Moon."  B.  S. 


200 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»<iS.  N»36.,  Sept.  6. '56. 


NOTES    ON    BOOKS,    ETC. 

We  do  not  know  how,  within  the  limits  to  which  onr 
notires  are  neressarilj'  confined,  we  can  pive  our  readers 
anj'  accurate  notion  of  tiie  vast  amount  of  curious  and 
ouf-of-the-wav  illustration  of  the  social  condition  '~f  this 
country  in  bvgone  days  which  is  to  be  found  in  Mr.  Ko- 
berts's'recentlv  published  work  on  this  subject.  Its  ample 
title-page,  which  we  transcribe  at  length,  will  do  much. 
It  is  as  follows:  The  Social  History  of  the  People  of  the 
Southern  Counties  of  Enpland  in  pant  Centuries,  illustrated 
in  regard  to  their  Habits,  Municipal  Byelaws,  Civil  Processes, 
§-c.,  from  the  Researches  of  George  Roberts.  But  if  we  could 
find' space  for  the  list  of  subjects  treated  of  by  the  bio- 
grapher of  Monmouth,  in  which  he  contrives,  like  the 
celebrated  Counte.ss  of  Pembroke,  to  discourse  of  ever}'- 
thing  from  "predestination  down  to  slea  silk,"  our  readers 
would  not  require  further  assurance  of  the  value  and  in- 
terest of  his  volume.  Let  us  give  a  few  instances.  From 
'•  Presents  to  Great  Men,"  it  seems  a  natural  transition  to 
"Vails  to  Servants."  Visits  of  Stage  Players,  Hiring 
of  Preachers,  Music  in  the  Church,  Pilgrimages  to  Saint 
lago.  Punishments  of  litigious  Persons,  the  Tumbrel, 
Pillory,  Cucking-Stool,  Public  Whipping,  Regulations 
for  Trade,  Sanitary  Measures.  The  Plague,  Medical  Prac- 
tice, Witchcraft,  Sumptuary  Laws,  Private  Lotteries,  The 
Postal  Svstem,  Introduction  of  Chimnies,  Precautions 
against  Fire,  are  but  a  few  of  the  items  illustrative  of  the 
daily  habits  of  our  forefathers  which  the  tact  and  in- 
dustrv  of  Jlr.  Roberts  have  here  gJithered  together,  at  no 
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2n<iS.No37.,SEFr.l3.'56.]  NOTES  AND  QUERIED. 


201 


Lo:^J}bN,  sAfvkiiAY,  September  h,  is.^e. 


POPIANA. 

"  The  Progress  of  tfutness."  —  Sofne  time  since, 
wlien  suggesting  for  the  consideration  of  those 
engaged  in  the  investigation  of  Pope's  Life  aind 
Writings  the  gfeat  probability  that  tiDO  keys  to 
The  Dunciad  —  one  friendly  and  one  tlie  reverse 
—  were  given  to  the  world  (P*  S.  xii.  161.),  I 
promised  to  call  attention  to  a  tract  connected 
with  that  satire,  which,  as  far  as  I  know,  has 
never  been  described. 

By  the  kindness  of  the  gentleman  to  whoiii  it 
belongs  I  now  fulfil  that  promise  ;  though  in  doing 
so  I  fear  I  shall  disappoint  those  who  are  interested 
ih  the  subject.  It  has  already  been  shown  (ante, 
P'  S.  X.  129.)  that  The  Dunciad  was  originally 
intended  to  be  called  Dulness  ;  and  further  that, 
when  The  Dunciad  was  published,  there  appeared 
on  the  vej'so  of  the  last  page  of  the  third  issue  or 
edition,  the  following  advertisement :  "  Speedily 
will  be  published.  The  Pnigress  of  Dnliiess,  an 
Historical  Poem.  By  an  Eminent  Hand,  i'rice 
1*.  6(1." 

What  the  Progress  of  Dulness  was  has  never,  I 
believe,  been  made  out.  The  tract  to  which  I  am 
about  now  to  call  attention  is  a  tract  so  entitled, 
and  may  be  the  one  advertised  ;  though  as  I  have 
before  suggested  the  existence  of  tivo  keys  to  The 
Dunciad,  I  am  here  compelled  to  admit  the  doubt 
whether  there  may  not  be  two  Duln esses,  inas- 
much as  this  bears  on  its  title-page  "  Price  One 
Shilling"  not  "  One  Shilling  and  Sixpence,"  as 
the  advertisement  stated. 

The  following  is  a  copy  of  the  title  : 

"  The  Progress  of  Dulness.  By  an  EmiuBnt  Hdnd. 
Which  will  sene  for  an  Explanation  of  the  Dunciad. 

'  Nought  but  Himself  can  be  his  Parallel.'  —  Theob. 

'  Dulness  o'er  all  possess'd  her  ancient  Rights 
Daughter  of  Chaos  and  eternal  Night : 
Fate  in  their  Dotage  this  fair  Ideot  gave, 
Gross  as  her  Sire,  and  as  her  Mother  grave, 
Laborious,  heavy,  busy,  bold,  and  blind, 
She  rul'd,  in  native  Anarchy  the  Mind.' 

Dune. 
London :  Printed  in  the  Year  m.dcc.xxviii.    (Price  One 
Shilling.)  " 

This  is  followed  by  an  address  frbni  "  The  Pub- 
lisher to  the  Reader,"  which  is  so  short  that  it 
may  be  as  well  to  insert  it  in  this  place. 

"  TJie  Publisher  to  the  Reader. 

"  This  Poem  will  (according  to  the  Publick  Notice  we 
have  given,  and  to  our  present  Title-Page)  fully  explain 
our  DuNCiAO.  For  as  all  Rivers  derive  their  Source  from 
soine,  perhaps  imperceptible,  Spring,  yet  here  our  Reader, 
by  a  faithful  Clue,  will  be  gradually' led  to  the  Spring- 
Head  of  Dulness.  And  without  having  Recourse  to  Dr. 
Pemberton's  Unravelment  of  the  most  intricate  Philo- 
sophy, we  may  now  trace  the  Goddess  through  all  her 


Labyrinthical  Mazes  froih.  iVindsor-Fore^i,  to  Twicken- 
Aaw-Highway,  and  even  there  perceive  the  Workings  of 
the  subterraneous  Conclave. 

"  May  this  Publication  be  a  Tabula  Votivd  of  my  Gra- 
titude :  for  since,  through  all  the  Arts,  either  of  Rising, 
or  Sinking,  in  Poetry,  the  Author  has  ever  vouchsafed 
to  Remember  Me ;  may  my  Right- Hand  forget  its  Cunning, 
whenever  1  forget  Him. 

"N.B.  The  following  PiecS,  as  well  as  the  D unclad, 
was  wrote  in  the  late  Reign." 

Then  follows  the  poem,  which,  as  it  will  probably 
never  be  reprinted  by  any  editor  of  Pope,  may 
fairly  be  added  to  the  illustrations  of  that  poet's 
writings  which  have  already  appeared  in  the  co- 
lumns of  "  N.  &  Q."     Unfortunately   the  verses 
are  disfigured  by  the  same  coarseness  which  dis- 
tinguishes so  many  of  the  writings  of  this  period. 
•'  The  Progress  of  Dulness. 
"  To  Duhcaii  Campbell. 
"  As  Denham  Sings,  Mysterious  'twas,  the  same, 
Should  be  the  Prophet's  and  the  Poet's  Name ;  * 
But  while  the  Sons  of  Genius  join  to  Praise, 
What  Thine  presaginj^  dictates  to  their  Lays, 
The  things,  they  sweetly  sing,  and  You  foresliew, 
Open  the  Saw^son-Riddle  to  our  View; 
StMpg  are  thy  Prophecies,  their  Numbers  sweet, 
Ana  with  the  Lion,  Combs  of  Honey  meet. 
"  Late  on  Fantastic  Cabalistic  Schemes, 
Of  waking  Whimsies,  or  of  Fev'rish  Dreams, 
New  Cobweb  Threads  of  Poetry  were  spun,  ") 

In  gaudy  Snares,  like  Flies,  were  Witlings  won,  > 
Their  Brains  entangled,  and  our  Art  undone.       J 

"  Pope  first  descended  from  a  3fonkish  Race, 
Cheapens  the  Charms  of  Art,  and  daubs  her  Face ; 
From  Gabalis,^  his  Mushroom  Fictions  rise, 

Lop  off  his  Sylphs and  his  Belinda  %  dies  j 

Th'  attending  Insects  hover  in  the  Air, 

No  longer,  than  they're  present,  is  She  Fair; 

Some  dart  those  Eye-beams,  which  the  Youths  beguile, 

And  some  sit  Conquering  in  a  dimpling  Smile. 

Some  pinch  the  Tucker,  and  some  smooth  the  Smock,  ' 

Some  guard  an  Upper,  some  a  Lower  Lock ; 

But  if  these  truant  Body-Guards  escape, 

In  whip  the  Gnomes  and  strait  comriiit  a  Rape ; 

The  curling  Honours  of  her  Head  they  seize, 

Hairs  less  in  Sight,  or  any  Hairs  they  please ; 

But  if  to  angry  Frowns,  her  Brow  She  bends. 

Upon  her  Front  some  sullen  Gnome  descends ; 

Whisks  thro'  the  Furrows,  with  its  Airy  Form, 

Bristles  her  Eye-brows,  and  directs  the  Storm. 

"  As  wide  from  these,  are  Addisonian  Themes, 
As  Angels  Thoughts  are  from  distemper'd  Dreams; 
Spenser  and  He,  to  Image  Nature,  knew, 
Like  living  Persons,  Vice  and  Virtue  drew :  ' 
At  once  instructed  and  well-pleas'd  we  read, 
While  in  sweet  Morals  these  two  Poets  laid, 
No  less  to  Wisdom,  than  to  Wit,  pretence, 
They  led  by  Music,  but  they  led  to  Sense. 

"  But  Pope  scarce  ever  Force  to  -Fancy  joins,  "i 
With  Da7ici7ig- Master's  Feet  equips  his  Lines,  > 
Plumes  empty  Fancy,  and  in  Tinsel  shines.        J 

*  (  Votes)  See,  The  Prbgress  of  Leariiingj  by  Lord  Lans- 

dowfie. 

t  See,  The  History  of  the  Count  de  Gabalis,  from 
whence  He  has  taken  the  Machinery  of  his  Rape  of  the 
Lock. 

X  Mrs  Arabella  Termor, 


202 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  N»  37.,  Sept.  13.  '56. 


Or,  if  by  chance  his  Judgment  seems  to  lead. 
Where  one  poor  Moral  faintl}'  shews  its  Head; 
'Tis  like  a  Judge,  that  reverendly  drest. 
Peeps  thro'  the  Pageants,  at  a  Lord  May'rs  Feast ; 
By  Starts  he  reasons,  and  seems  Wise  by  Fits, 
Such  Wit's  call'd  Wisdom,  that  has  lost  its  Wits. 

"Un-nam'd  by  me  this  witling  Bard  had  been, 
Had  not  the  Writer's  caus'd  the  Reader's  Sin ; 
But  less  by  Comedies  and  lewd  Romances,       "^ 
Are  ruin'd,  less  by  French  lascivious  Dances,    V 
Than  by  such  Rhimer's  Masqueraded  Fancies.J 

"  From  such,  the  Root  of  Superstition  grew, 
Whose  Old  Charms  fertile,  daily  branch'd  in  New ; 
From  such  Chimeras  first  inspir'd,  the  Fair, 
The  Cnnfrers  Ring  Approach'd  and  Jesuits  Chair; 
Thronft'd  to  the  Doors,  where  Magic  Rogues  Divin'd, 
And  sold  out  Ignes-fatui  to  the  Mind. 

"  Wizards  and  Jesuits  differ  but  in  Name, 
Both  DcBmorCs  Envoys,  and  their  Trade  the  same ; 
Weak  Wills  they  lea'd,  and  vapour'd  Minds  command, 
And  play  the  Game  into  each  others  Hand ; 
Like  Spiritual  luglers  at  the  Cup  and  Ball, 
Rising  by  foolish  Maids,  that  long  to  Fall. 
Some  into  Love  they  Damn,  and  some  they  Pray, 
For  Green-sick  Minds  are  caught  a  different  way ; 
To  the  same  End,  tho'  several  Paths,  thej'  run, 
Priests  to  Undo,  and  Maids  to  be  Undone ; .        ^ 
Some  blacker  Charms,  some  whiter  Spells  cajole, ^^ 
As  some  lick  Wall,  and  some  devour  a  Coal. 
Here  Ladies,  strong  in  Vapours,  see  Men's  Faces 
Imprinted  in  the  Conjurers  dazling  Glasses, 
There,  when,  in  Spring  Time,  the  too  praying  Priest, "i 

Toasts,  and  does  something  better, to  the  Best       V 

A  Spouse  is  promis'd  on  next  Baptises*  Feast.  J 

First  some  young  Contrite  Rake's  enjoin'd  to  Marry 
Lest  Madam's  forc'd  to  squeak  for't — or  —  Miscarry: 
In  June,  the  Lass  does  to  the  Fields  repair, 
Where  good  Sir  Z>o»i!ne  just  took  the  Air. 

When  O  strange  Wonder ! near  a  Plantane-Root, 

She  finds  a  Conl and  so  a  Spouse  to  boot, 

She  longs  to  Dream  —  and  to  secure  the  Sport 

That  very  Daj'  the  Youth  design'd must  Court, 

He  does — She  struck  with  rapture  and  delight. 

Bespeaks    her   Fancy  strongly  Dreams    at 

Night. 
The  yielding  Fair,  the  ravish'd  Youth  obtains, 

A  Maid  she  passes so  his  Child's  free  gains, 

He  has  the  Pleasure,  yet  is  sav'd  the  Pains. 

Thus  when  Priest's  Wench  —  to  cure  the  growing  Evil 

Poor  St.  John  Baptist  must  forerun  the  Devil. 

"  But  if  the  Ladies  fall,  at  fall  of  Leaf, 

Or  in  the  Winter still  there's  fresh  relief; 

Let  her  Lace  close  four  Months,  and  if  she  can 
St.  Agnes^  heals  the  Breach,  and  brings  the  Man. 
Thus  a  lewd  Priest  to  Vapoured  Virgins  cants 
And  into  Pimps  reverts  his  Vestal- Saints. 

"  0 !  dire  Effects  of  Masqu'd  Impiety ! 
And  shall  they  (Christian  Muse!)   have  Aids  from 

Thee; 
Wilt  Thou,  like  witty  Heathens,  lewdly  given, 
To  a  Gehenna  Metamorphose  Heaven? 
Wilt  Thou,  O    no  forbid    th'   unhallow'd 

Song? 
Such  I'rophanations  to  Rome's  Bard  belong. 
Let  0.\E,  who  Gods  and  Goddesses  adores 
Paint  them  like  Rakes  and  Bullies,  Bawds,  and  Whores. 


] 


*  See,  the  Dedication  of  M.  CampbelVs  Life, 
t  See,  Ibid. 


all  Divine,  1 
nguish'd  shine,  V 
s,  Thine.  J 

nand 

} 


:} 


^} 


"  Our  Genij,  Campbell,  shall  be  all  Divine, 
Shall  high  o'er  Theirs  as  much  distinguish" ' 
As  o'er  such  Priests  or  Chiromancers, 
Thine,  which  does  future  Time's  events  Command 
To  leap  to  Sight,  and  in  thy  Presence  stand. 
Thine,  whose  Eyes  glowing  with  a  gifted  Ray, 
New  Roads  of  Life  o'er  Wisdom's  Alps  survey. 
And  guide  benighted  Travellers  to  Day 
Let  Me,  for  once,  a  daring  Prophet  be 

Mark  from  this  Hour and  Poetry  thou'lt  see 

Date  a  new  jEra  from  thy  Book  and  Thee ; 
Thy  Book,  where,  thro'  the  Stories,  thou  hast  laid, 
All  Moral  Wisdom's  to  the  Mind  convey'd ; 
And  thus  far  Prophecy's  each  Page,  that  all 
Must  rise  bj'  Virtues,  or  by  Vices  fall. 

"  Poets  shall  blush  to  see  their  Wit  outdone, 
Resume  their  Reason,  and  assert  it's  Throne, 
Shall  Fables  still  for  Virtues-sake  Commend 
And  Wit  the  means,  shall  Wisdom  make  its  End. 

"Who  hopes  to  Please,  shall  strive  to  Please  by' 
Pains, 
Shall  gaining  Fame,  earn  hard  whate'er  he  gains. 
And  Denham's  Morals  join,  to  Denham's  Strains. 
Here  Paint  the  Thames  *  '  When  running  to  the  Sea 
'  Like  Mortal  Life  to  meet  Eternity. 
There  show  both  Kings  and  Subjects  *  one  excess, 
'  Makes  both,  by  striving  to  be  Greater,  Less. 
Shall  climb,  and  sweat,  and  falling,  climb  up  still. 
Before  he  gains  the  height  of  Cooper's  Hill. 

"  In  Windsor- Forest,^  if  some  trifling  Grace, 
Gives,  at  first  Blush,  the  whole  a  pleasing  Face, 
'Tis  Wit,  'tis  true ;  but  then  'tis  Common  Place. 
The  Landscape-  Writer,  branches  out  a  Wood, 
Then  digging  hard  for't,  finds  a  Silver  Flood. 
Here  paints  the  Woodcock  qniv'ring  in  the  Air, 
And  there,  the  bounding  Stag  and  quaking  Hare. 
Describes  the  Pheasant's  Scarlet-circled  Eye, 
And  next  the  slaughVring-Gun,  that  makes  him  Die. 
From  common  Epithets  that  Fame  derives. 
By  which  his  most  uncommon  Merit  lives. 
'Tis  true !  if  finest  Notes  alone  could  show, 
(Tun'd  justly  high,  or  regularly  low,) 
That  we  should  Fame  to  these  mere  Vocals  give, 
Pope  more,  than  we  can  offer,  should  receive. 
For,  when  some  gliding  River  is  his  Theme, 
His  Lines  run  smoother,  than  the  smoothest  Stream ; 
Not  so,  when  thro'  the  Trees  fierce  Boreas  blows, 
The  Period  blustring  with  the  Tempest  grows. 
But  what  Fools  Periods  read,  for  Periods  sake? 
Such  Chimes  improve  not  Heads,  but  make  'em  Ach ; 
Tho'  strict  in  Cadence  on  the  Niimbers  rub. 
Their  frothy  Substance  is  Whip-Syllabub ; 
With  most  Seraphic  Emptiness  they  roll, 
Sound  without  Sense,  and  Body  without  Soul. 

"  Not  such  the  Bards,  that  give  you  just  Applause, 
Each,  from  intrinsick  Worth,  Thy  Praises  draws, 
Morals,  in  ev'ry  Page,  where-e'er  they  look, 
Thej'  find  divinely  scatter'd  thro'  thy  Book : 
They  find  Thee  studious,  with  Praise-worthy  strife, 
To  smooth  the  future  Roads  of  Human  Life, 
To  help  the  Weak,  and  to  confirm  the  Strong, 
INIake  our  Griefs  vanish,  and  our  Bliss  prolong. 
With  Phineus'  equal  find  thy  large  Desert 
And  in  'I'hy  Praise  would  equal  Milton's  Art. 

"  Some  Fools,  we  know,  in  spite  of  Nature  born. 
Would  make  thee  Theirs,  as  they  are  Mankind's  Scorn, 


*  See  Cooper's  Hill. 

+  See,  Pope's  String  of  Verses,  upon  this  Subject,  with- 
out any  Connection. 


2'"i  S.  N»  37.,  Sew.  13.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


203 


ill.  I 


•} 


For  still  'tis  one  of  Truth's  unerring  Rules 

No  Sage  can  rise  without  a  Host  of  Fools. 

Coxcombs,  (by  whose  Eternal  Din  o'ercome, 

The  Wise,  in  just  revenge,  might  wish  them  Dumb.') 

Say,  on  the  World  Your  Dumbness  you  impose, 

And  give  You  Organs  they  deserve  to  lose. 

Impose,  indeed,  on  all  the  World  you  would. 

If  You  but  held  your  Tongue,  because  you  could ; 

'Tis  hard  to  say,  if  keeping  Silence  still. 

In  one,  who,  could  he  speak,  would  speak  with  Skill 

Is  worse,  or  Talk  in  These,  who  Talk  so  ill 

Why  on  that  Tongue,  should  purposed  Silence  dwell 

Whence  every  Word  would  drop  an  Oracle  ? 

More  Fools  of  thy  known  Foresight  make  a  Jest, 

For  all  hate  greatest  Gifts,  who  share  the  least 

(As  Pope  calls  Dryden  often  to  the  Test.*) 

Such  from  thy  Pen,  should  Irwin's  Sentence  f  wait 

And  at  the  Gallows,  own  the  Judge  of  Fate, 

Or,  while  with  feeble  Impotence  they  rail 

Write  Wonders  on,  and  with  the  JVise  prevail. 

"  Sooner  shall  Denham  cease  to  be  renown'd, 
Or  Pope  for  Deiihain'a  Sense  quit  empty  Sound, 
To  Addison's  Immortal  heights  shall  rise. 
Or  the  Dwarf  reach  him  in  his  native  Skies. 
Sooner  shall  real  Gypsies  grow  most  fair. 
Or  false  ones,  mighty  Truths,  like  thine,  declare, 
Than  these  poor  Scandal-Mongers  hit  their  Aim, 
And  blemish  Thine,  or  Cukll's  acknowledg'd  Fame, 

"  Great  Nostradamus  thus,  hii  Age  advis'd. 
The  Mob  his  Counsels  jeer'd,  some  Bards%  despis'd 
Him  still,  neglecting  these,  his  Genius  fir'd, 
A  King  encourag'd,  and  the  World  admir'd; 
Greater  (as  Times  great  Tide  increas'd)  He  grew, 
When  distant  Ages  prov'd  what  Truths  he  knew ; 
Thy  nobler  Book,  a  greater  King§  receiv'd. 
Whence  I  predict,  and  Claim  to  be  believ'd, 
That  bj"  Posterity,  less  Fame  shall  be, 
To  Nostradamus  granted,  than  to  Thee ; 
Thee !  whom  the  best  of  Kings  does  so  defend 
And  (My  self  Bamng)  the  best  Bards  commend. 

"H.  Stanhope. 
"White-Hall 

June  6.  1720." 

Who  this  H.  Stanhope  was  I  leave  to  some  one 
more  familiar  than  I  am  with  the  writers  of  that 
age  to  decide. 

From  the  following  passage  from  The  Curliad 
it  might  be  inferred  that  H.  Stanhope  was  a  name 
assumed  by  Bond;  if  so,  probably  the  satire  alluded 
to  is  this  Progress  of  Dulness. 

"  Thou  callest  my  Affirmation  in  question  concerning 
Mr.  Bond,  and  most  impertinently  enquirest  where  his 
Satire  against  Mr.  Pope  is  to  be  found?  Enquire  but  of 
One,  who  (thou  say'st  in  thy  Coll.  of  Test.,  p.  18.)  takes 
the  name  of  H.  Stanhope  and  thou  may'st  know  further ; 
for  the  Verses  thou  hast  cited  in  the  said  18th  page  will 
like  a  faithful  Fescue,  point  thee  some  others,  in  the 
same  copy,  of  a  different  nature.  Thou  also  askest.  Where 
was  such  a  writer  as  Bond  ever  heard  of?  Take  this 
Answer,  he  hath  published  an  additional  (Ninth)  Volume 
to  the  Spectator  —  a  New  Version  of  Tasso  hath  he  at- 
tempted —  An  original  Poem  called  Buckingham  House 

*  See,  many  Places  of  his  Notes  on  Homer. 
+  See  Mr.  tampbelPs  Life.  pag.  140. 
;  Alluding  to  this  Verse,  sed  cum  falsa  Damus,  nil  nisi 
Nostra  Damus. 

§  King  George  the  1st. 


(after  the  manner  of  Cooper's  Hill),  did  he  inscribe  to  the 
late  Duke,  who  told  him,  that  the  said  Poem  would  last 
much  longer  than  the  Building  it  praised." 

But  perhaps  the  Dedication  and  continual  re- 
ferences to  '■'■  Duncan  Campbell"  may  throw  some 
light  on  the  authorship.  Both  the  Defoes,  father 
and  son,  had  been  hit  hard  in  The  Dunciad ;  and 
the  father  was  fond  of  verse  making,  ami  the  Pro- 
gress of  Dulness  may  have  been  a  specimen  of  his 
art.  While  on  the  other  hand,  thcae  continual  al- 
lusions may  have  only  been  a  trick  for  brinjring 
under  public  notice  the  recently  published  Life  of 
Campbell,  of  which  Defoe  was  the  writer,  and  Curll 
the  publisher. 

But  to  proceed  with  our  description  of  this 
Tract.  The  poem  occupies  the  first  eight  pages  of 
the  work,  and  is  followed  by  twenty-one  pages  of 
"  Observations  on  Windsor  Forest,  the  Temple  of 
Fame,  and  The  Rape  of  the  Lock,"  &c.  Pp.  30, 
31.  are  filled  with  "  Verses  presented  to  the 
Countess  of  Warwick,  occasioned  by  Mr.  Pope's 
impudent  Satire  on  Mr.  Addison,"  which  are 
signed  "  J.  Markland." 

"  DuNciADiANA.  Vcrses  to  be  inserted  in  the 
next  Edition  of  the  Dunciad,"  is  the  title  of  the 
next  division,  which  occupies  only  two  pages  ;  and 
as  the  verses  are  short,  it  would  be  a  pity  to  omit 
them. 

"  Homer  describing  the  divine  Abodes, 
Mingled  a  crippled  Vulcan  with  his  Gods. 
And  the  same  Bard,  when  he  his  Heroes  sings, 
Crouds  a  Thersites  in,  among  his  Kings, 
A  crooked,  petulant,  malicious  Wight, 
Unfit  for  Converse,  Friendship,  Love,  or  Fight ; 
The  Scum  and  Shame  of  Greece,  whose  Mother  Nature, 
Impress'd  the  Scoundrel  strong  on  ev'rg  Feature. 

"  Should  Homer  now  revive,  and  sing  agen, 
Of  Gods  immortal,  and  of  God-like  Men, 
As  a  strong  Foil,  he'd  make  his  Murd'rer  Pope, 
The  Vulcan  and  Thersites  of  the  Group. 

"  The  Evidence  summ'd  up. 

"  Nor  Rhimer  is  Theobald,  nor  Critic  is  Pope, 
Nor  does  Gay  for  a  Conjurer  pass ; 
Arbuthnott  and  Swift  may  join  Forces,  I  hope. 
And  'tis  easy  to  find  out  the  Ass." 

And  this  last  quatrain  is  followed  by  an  Adver- 
tisement in  the  following  lines  : 

"The  Impatience  of  the  Publick  for  this  Work,  has 
obliged  Us  to  divide  it  into  two  Parts.  The  last  of  which 
shall  be  published  soon  after  the  Holydays,  under  tlic 
Title  of  the  Popeiad.  Printed  for  'E.  Curll  in  the 
Strand. 

"A.  P. 


"  Twickenham, 

Whitsun-Eve, 

1728." 


J.  S. 

J.  G." 


The  work  concludes  on  the  thirty-fourth  page 
with  the  very  curious  narrative  about  Mr.  Cm  11 
and  Mr.  Lewis's  Keys  to  The  Dunciad,  which  I 
formerly  laid  before  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
(1"  S.  xii.  161.) 


204 


NOTES  ANB  QtJEEIj:S. 


r2nds.  N037.,  Sept.  13. '56* 


Although  the  work  is  ^yith.out  publisher's  na^a^, 
there  can  be  little  doubt  frgn^  Jiis  addregs  that 
that  publisher  was  Pope's — sometimes  dupe  and 
sometimes  tormentor  —  Edmund  Curll.  The  style 
would  establish  that  fact :  but,  independently  of 
that,  it  is  established  by  the  advertisement  just 
printed ;  by  the  list  of  "  New  Editions  of  Books  " 
at  the  end  of  the  tract,  which  consists  of  books 
Gnrll  is  known  to  have  published ;  and  by  tlie  cir- 
cumstance that  on  the  title-pnge  of  C.odrus,  or 
the  Dunciad  Dissected^  Printed  for  E.  Curll  in  the 
Strand,  1728.  Price  Qd.,  we  read,  "Where  may 
be  had  The  Progress  of  Dulness,  The  Pope- 
lAD,  and  a  Key  to  the  Dunciad.    Price  2*.  6fi." 

There  is  a  story  told  of  a  noble  lord  who,  after 
purchasing  a  pony,  with  the  appearance  of  which 
he  had  been  greatly  struck,  asked  the  seller  what 
his  faults  were.  "  He  has  only  two,"  was  the 
reply,  "  first  he's  vei;y  hard  to  catch,  and  next, 
he's  worth  very  little  when  you've  caught  him." 
I  fear  the  same  may  be  said  of  many  of  the  pam- 
phlets and  flying-sheets  of  bygone  days,  which  one 
desires  to  get  hold  of,  in  the  hope  of  their  throw- 
ing light  upon  obscure  points  of  literary  history. 
The  Progress  of  Didness  has  proved  very  hard  to 
catch.  I  hope  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  may  not 
think  it  worth  very  little  now  they  have  got  hold 
of  it.  William  J.  Thoms. 


EAItLY   INVENTORY. 

Among  a  large  collection  of  newspaper-cuttings 
that  has  just  come  into  my  possession  I  have  found 
the  following.  It  seems  worthy  of  preservation  in 
"N.  &Q."  ■     K.  P.  D.  E. 

"  To  the  Editor  of  the  'Poncaster  pazetffij 

"Sir,  —  If  yoxi  think  the  accompanying  transcript  of 
an  original  document,  in  m}-  possession,  worth  insertion, 
it  is  at  your  service.  It  is  singular  fof  its  orthography, 
and  interesting  as  giving  a  list  of  the  goods,  with  the 
valuation,  of  a  small  farmer  of  the  period,  fl^ie  inventor}' 
is  on  parchment,  and  well  written  in  the  peculiar  hand  of 
the  time,  and  appears  to  have  been  for  some  testamentary 
purpose.  As  several  of  the  terms  are  obsojete,  I  append  a 
glossarv,  "  I  am,  Sir,  &c. 

«  Doncaster,  March  21, 1842.  «  W.  S.  Jun. 


« 158J5. 
"  The  Inventorie  of  all  ye  goods  moveable  &  unraove- 
able  yt  was  Wyllm.  Atkynsons  of  haytefetd  Woodhouse 
w'thn  ye  psliinge*  of  haj-tefeld  latelye  dysceassed  & 
praysed  by  iiijor  honest  men  the  thyrde  daye  of  Januarie 
Andrew  Marre  John  Woomwok  Eychart  Atkynson  &  lly- 
chart  Watson  1586. 

In  p'imis  his  purse  girdell  &  moneye  in  it      -  ijs 

It  all  his  apperell        -  -  -  -  Jj? 

It  ij  payr  of  lynyng  sheets''      -  *■  ■■  xvs 

It  iij  matterresses        -  -  -  -  vijs 

It  ij  payr  of  hemp  ware  &  one  payr  of  harden 

shets<=  -     ■      ' .  .  _  .  ixs 

It  ij  towels      -----  iijs 


It  bolsters  pyllowbers  and  pyllowes*  -  -    vjjjs 

It  ij  coverlets               -            -            -  '.     jjj  " 

It  one  payre  of  bedstocks         -             -  -     '        jujd 

It  iiijor  chests  an.d  arkes'^        -            -  -    f.^ 

It  hemp  &  lyne  crackled  &  imcracldedf  -    ^ys   jiijrf 

It  all  ye  candelr^-shes  about  ye  houses  -            xijd 

It  one  crakle  &  an  old  chest ''              -  -            xjjci 

It  iiijor  brasse  potts  better  &  worse     -  -     xxs 

It  iiijor  panes  better  and  worse            -  -     jijs 

It  X  pace  of  pewder '  -            -            -  -     yjs   yiijd 

I't  iij  candelstvckes  ij  skom,ers  &  ij  salts'^  -     ijs    vjijc' 
It  one  reckinge  one  payre  of  J;onges  qj}^  payf  e 

pothokes J     -             -         '    -         "    - '      '     -  xijijri 

It  flesh  at  ye  roofe™   -            -            .  .     jijj    yiijd 
It  one  spet  one  fryinge  pan  one  brancl^reth  one 

hatchet  one  spade"               -            -'  -            xvid 
It  kyts  stands   lombes  b9ules  .dyshes  cjiyrn 

flackets  &  one  old  syth"      -  -        '    -     iijs 

It  bords  shelves  &  quyshingesP           -  -    'ijj 

It  two  kyne  &  ij  styrkesi        .            -  -    lijj // 

It  have  &  corne  in  ye  lath  with  straw  -     xviijs 

It  corne  growing  upon  ye  gronde      ■*  -  -     xiiis  iiijd 

It  ij  stees  wth  maner  and  fewell"^        -  -     iijs    iiijd 

It  iiij  gesse  yonger  &  elder      -            -  .     ijs 

It  iiij  henes  and  a  cok              -             .,  -             xxd 

It  hustments  about  ye  house!              -  -    ijs 

Sua  ^totalis     -             -            -  ^j/i  yijs  xd 
"  Debts  yt  I  dyd  ow. 
In  p'imis  to  John  Sp3'vye  for  a  met  of  rj'C*     -    iijs 

It  to  John  Woomwok  one  bushell  of  rye"  -            yiij*^ 

It  Rychart  Atkynson  ye  yonger          -  -              vie? 

It  to  Rychart  Atkjmson  ye  elder         -  -             xiid 

It  to  Agnes  Stones      -            -            ..  .            ^i[,j 

It  to  Margerye  Sausbye           .            -  _    iijjs 

It  to  Robert  Gamble  for  pease             -  -               yid 

It  to  Agnes  Atkynson  my  daughter    -  -    ys 

Sua  totalis     -            -            -  -     xvs  viijd 

.Given  in  declaration              -  -  xZt  xijs  ijd 
by  me  John  JLi.d|on." 


»  Parish. 

^  Sheets. 

"  Ware  —  uncertain,  the  word  is  not  clear  in  the  ori- 
ginal. 

"*  Pillowbef s  —  pillow  cas.es. 

<'  Arke  —  a  chest  to  put  corn  or  fruit  in. 

*■  Probably  hackled  and  unhackled,  or  dressed  and  un- 
dressed. 

e  Eushlightg,  .or  cap.dlfis  with  rush  wicks. 

^  Crakle  — the  instrument  by  which  the  b.erap  .or  lijie 
was  dressed.     Pece—  the  old  form  Q.f  spelling  piece. 

1   Pewter  dishes  and  plates. 

^  Skomer  —  a  skimmer  or  shallow  vessel  to  take  off 
cream. 

'  Reckinge  —  an  iron  bar  across  the  chimney,  on  which 
to  suspend  culinary  utensils.  Pothbkes  —  the  hooks  at- 
tached to  the  bar. 

">  Salted  meat. 

°  Brandreth  —  a  trivot,  an  iron  with  three  feet  to  set  a 
vessel  over  the  fire. 

°  Lombes  boules  —  bowls  out  of  which  lambs  were 
fed ;  sheep  are  not  mentioned  in  the  inventory,  but  the 
use  of  these  bowls  shows  that  they  were  at  that  time 
bred  in  those  low  lands.  Churn  flackets — churn  barrels 
or  bottles. 

p  Quj'shinges  —  cushions. 

1  Kyne  —  cows.  Styrlces  —  stirks  or  steers.  There  is 
no  mention  of  horses  ;  the  stirks  would  be  used  for  plough- 
ing and  other  draught  purposes. 

"■  Stees  —  ladders.    Maner  —  manure. 


2»d  s.  N«  37.,  Sept.  13.  '5C.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


205 


»  Hustments  —  hostilem.eijts,  or  furniture,  utensils, 
household  goods ;  possibly  fixtures  and  sundries  not 
enumerated  are  intended. 

'  &  "  The  difference  of  price  of  the  met  and  bushel  of 
rye,  3s.  for  one  and  Hd.  for  the  otlier,  would  alnjost  lead 
to  the  inference  that  the  measures  were  not  of  the  same 
quantity.  It  is  stated  in  Miller  that,  in  1556,  before  har- 
vest, rye  was  sold  for  2s.  per  quarter,  and  after  harvest  a 
bushel  of  rye  for  a  pound  of  candles,  which  was  four 
pence. 


BP.  jebb's  "practical  theology:"   suffrages 

AT    END    OF   litany. 

This  Note  is  intended  to  answer  two  Queries. 
The  first  is  in  'the  2"''  S.  ii.  68.  The  passage  in 
Bishop  Jebb's  Practical  Theology  referred  to  as 
stating  the  benefits  arising  from  the  presence  of 
non-communicants,  is,  I  suppose,  the  following  : 

"  For  my  own  part,  if  I  wished  to  give  an  intelligent 
stranger,  of  good  taste  and  of  religious  temper,  a  favour- 
able impression  of  our  Irish  Clerg}',  I  should  be  apt  to 
lead  him  unawares  into  one  of  our  remote  and  unfre- 
quented country  churches,  and  there  to  let  him  hear  an 
unpretending  pastor  offer  up  his  own  prayers,  and  the 
prayers  of  two  or  three  villagers,  gathered  togetner  in  the 
name,  and  for  the  worship  of  their  common  Master.  It 
was  in  a  church  of  this  description  that  an  incident  oc- 
curred some  years  ago,  which  may  not  be  unworthy  of 
A-our  Lordships'  notice.  A  French  lady,  of  the  poinaj) 
Catholic  religion,  well  educated,  and  of  intellectual  habits, 
chanced,  on  a  Sunday  morning,  to  attend  Divine  Service 
in  this  church.  The  Sacrament  was  to  be  administered ; 
tlie  ladj'  asked  permission  to  remain  and  witness  its  cele- 
bration. A  single  clergyman  officiated,  and  as  the  con- 
gregation was  small,  the  communicants  were  very  few ; 
but  on  returning  with  the  friends  whom  she  accompanied, 
she  declared  that,  though  accustomed  to  the  sjilendid 
ritual  of  her  own  church,  in  all  the  pomp  and  circum- 
stance of  continental  worship,  so  awful  a  service  she  had 
never  witnessed  in  her  life."  —  "  Speech  in  the  House  of 
Lords  on  the  Church  in  Ireland ; "  Practical  Theology, 
vol.  ii.  p.  389. 

The  same  fact  is  related  more  briefly  in  his 
Charge,  Pract.  Theol,  vol.  i.  p.  376.,  where  the 
communicants  are  stated  to  have  been  about 
twelve.  It  is  clear  that  Bishop  Jebb's  remarks  do 
not  sanction  the  habitual  attendance  of  non-com- 
municants. The  above  case  was  one  of  special 
permission,  accorded  to  satisfy  a  very  laudable 
curiosity,  or  rather  interest. 

The  second  Query  occurs  in  2°''  S.  ii.  171.  In 
my  work  on  the  Church  Service  I  have  endea- 
voured to  explain  tte  peculiarities  alluded  to,  as 
follows  (p.  425.)  :"    ■'     f —- ■-      ■  -      - 

"  The  second  p;jrt  of  the  Litijny  begins  with  the  Lord's 
Prayer.  This  part  again  has  four  subdivisions,  of  a  cha- 
racter essentially  different  from  any  in  the  former.  Each 
of  these  subdivisions  has  a  versicle  interposed,  nameh', 
'  0  Lord,  deal  not  with  us  after  our  sins,'  with  its  re- 
sponse ;  the  Gloria  Patri ;  and,  '  O  Lord,  let  thy  mercy  be 
shewed  upon  us,'  with  its  response.  These  versicles  and 
responses  are  distinguished  from  the  other  suffrages  by 
having  the  words  'Priest'  and  'Answer'  prefixed  (ex- 
cept in  the  Gloria  Patri,  which  wants  the  word  '  Priest,' 


but  has  *  Answer') ;  and  by  being  each  a  verse  from  the 
Psalms,  or  that  hymn  which  always  accompanies 
psalmody,  hemistichally  recited.  The  'first  subdivision 
consists  of  the  J^ord's  Prayer ;  the  second  of  two  prayers 
like  collects  (the  latter  being  a  verse  from  the  4tth 
Psalm),  each  of  which,  instead  of  Amen,  has  a  response, 
a  sort  of  antiphon,  taken  also  from  the  4ith  Psalm.  From 
the  occurrence  of  the  Gloria  Patri  liere,  I  cannot  but  think 
that  these  praj'ers  and  responsals,  or  antiphons,  peculiar 
in  their  structure  to  this  part  of  the  Litany,  are  vestiges 
of  the  psalmody  which  anciently  accompanied  the  Li- 
tanies ;  as  in  the  Roman  Greater  Litany,  where  the  G9th 
Psalm  is  used.  This  is  confirmed  by  the  use  of  the  earlier 
Prayer  Books,  where  the  Gloria  Patri  was  repeated  as  in 
the  Psalms ;  not  as  now,  by  verse  and  response.  .  .  . 
The  occurrence  of  the  Gloria  Patri  in  the  Responsoria 
Brevia  of  the  Roman  offices  indicates  a  like  vestige  of 
psalmody,  which  formerly  was  used  in  these  places.  The 
third  subdivision  consists  of  suffrages  and  responses, 
different  from  the  versicles.  They  each  form  a  complete 
sentence ;  the  part  of  the  priest  and  people  not  being  ue  - 
cessarily  continuous.  They  are  not  taken  from  the 
Psalms,  and  are  special  addresses  to  our  Saviour.  They 
are  printed  in  a  different  manner  from  the  versicles," 
[which  throughout  the  Prayer  Book  are  generally  taken 
from  the  Psalms,  and  in  which  the  verse  and  response  are 
continuous,]  "  the  people's  part  being  distinguished  from 
the  priest's  solely  by  a  variety  of  type.  .  .  .  The  last 
subdivision  comprehends  the  collects  and  praj'ers,  analo- 
gous to  the  conclusion  of  the  larger  Western  Litanies. 
The  versicles  of  the  Litany  thus  accurately  discriminate 
the  several  characteristic  changes ;  and  their  function  in 
this  respect  is  analogous  to  their  frequent  use  in  the 
Breviary,  and  to  the  Ecphonesis  in  the  Oriental  forms, 
being  generally  an  announcement  of  a  change  in  the  form 
of  prayer." 

Since  the  above  work  was  written  I  have  not 
been  aware  of  any  other  attempt  at  explanation. 
Indeed,  I  greatly  lament  that  so  little  critical  at- 
tention has  been  given  to  the  construction  of  the 
Prayer  Book,  so  much  more  recondite  and  ex- 
quisite than  any  of  us  now  may  imagine.  It 
would  be  well  lor  those  who  are  so  urgent  for 
pulling  it  to  pieces  and  mutilating  it  first  to 
give  a  little  more  attention  to  this  important  view 
of  the  subject.  John  Jebb. 


Dismissal  of  Non- Communicants.  —  The  states 
ment  that  Bishop  Jebb,  in  his  Practical  I'heO' 
logy,  had  noticed  the  benefits  of  the  opposite 
practice  is,  I  think,  a  mistake.  The  fine  sermons 
on  the  Liturgy  preached  in  Gashel  Cathedral  in 
1807  are  entirely  laudatory,  and  suggest  no  im- 
provement in  matter  or  form.  His  object  is  to 
show  "  that  we  have  the  best,  the  most  rational, 
the  most  pious  form  of  prayer  in  the  world."  (i. 
53.) 

The  admissiqu  of  non-comipixnic^nts  to  the 
Communion  Service  is  opposed  to  ancient  and 
modern  practice,  and  to  the  rationale  of  the  in- 
stitution. In  the  Liturgy  of  Chrysostom,  prior  to 
the  Siirsum  corda,  the  deacon  bids  the  communi- 
cants to  stand  up ;  and  the  Trisagion,  or  Ter- 
sanctus,  being  a  hynin  of  victory,  is  necessarily 
sung  in  a  standing  postur,e.     The  English  Liturgy 


206 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  37.,  Sept.  13.  '56. 


is  silent,  but  the  inference  from  antiquity  in 
respect  of  the  former,  and  from  the  act  of  singing 
the  hitter,  is  that  both  should  be  said  or  sung 
standing.  T.  J.  Buckton. 

Lichfield. 


SHAKSPBARIANA. 

HAMIiGT    READINGS,    NO.  II. "  A    MOST    SELECT 

AND    GENEROUS    SHEAF." 

"  Costly  thy  habit  as  thy  purse  can  buy, 
But  not  e'xpress'd  in  fancy ;  rich  not  gaudy ; 
For  the  apparel  oft  proclaims  the  man, 
And  they  in  France  of  the  best  rank  and  station, 
Are  of  a  most  select  and  generous  cliief  in  that." 
Hamlet,  Act  I.  Sc.  2. 

I  must  ask  for  a  small  space  in  "N.  &  Q."  to 
advocate  the  claims  of  one  of  tlie  most  certain 
restorations  of  the  text  of  Shakspeare  that  has 
ever  been  effected  by  the  reading  and  ingenuity 
of  critics.  In  reviewing  a  MS.  of  Mr.  Staunton's, 
in  the  Illustrated  London  News,  I  had  the  pleasure 
to  call  attention  to  that  critic's  substitution  of 
sheaf  for  "  chief,"  in  the  passage  which  is  the  text 
of  this  Note  :  laut  want  of  space  prevented  my 
doing  justice  to  the  reading. 

I  cannot  suppose  with  all  editors  (except  Mr. 
Collier),  that  "  of  a"  is  a  press-interpolation  :  for 
I  am  certain  that  Shakspeare  would  not  have 
written  the  line, 

"  Are  most  select  and  generous,  chief  in  that ; " 

that  he  would  not  have  inserted  "  chief"  at  all ; 
but  would  have  read  "  generous,"  as  I  have  thus 
marked  it. 

In  the  first  quarto,  the  last  two  lines  of  my  text 
are  thus  given  :  — 

"  And  they  of  France  of  the  cliiefe  rancke  and  station 
Are  of  a  most  select  and  generall  chiefe  in  that." 

Supposing  that  the  second  "chief"  is  a  mis- 
print for  sheaf,  we  see  at  once  how  the  misprint 
arose :  viz.  through  the  proximity  of  the  same 
word  in  the  preceding  line.  And  as  if  there  was 
a  strange  fatality  about  the  word  "  chief,"  it  has 
been  interpolated  in  a  similar  manner  in  the  same 
play,  Act  II.  Sc.  2. : 

"  One  chief  speech  in  it  I  chiefly  loved." 
Sic  the  folios.     The  first  quarto  reads  : 

"  A  speech  in  it  I  chiefly  remember." 
While  all  the  other  quartos  read : 

"  One  speech  in  it  I  chiefly  loved." 
the  word  "  chief"  being  an  Interpolation  of  the 
first  folio  caught  from  the  word  "  chiefly." 

Press  considerations,  then,  favour  the  supposi- 
tion of  "  chief"  in  my  text  being  a  misprint  for 
something.  Now  let  us  see  how  the  word  sheaf 
answers  the  requirements  of  the  passage. 

For  its  meaning  we  must  have  recourse   to 


euphuism.  If  sheaf  be  Shakspeare's  word,  it  Is 
not  the  only  instance  of  euphuism  In  Folonius's 
speech.  All  the  early  quartos  read  "  unfledg'd 
courage."  A  courage.  In  euphuistic  talk,  meant 
a  gallant.  It  is  so  used  by  Sir  Walter  Scott  in 
The  Monastery,  and  is  put  into  the  mouth  of  that 
prince  of  euphuists  Sir  Piercie  Shafton. 

Now,  as  sportsmen  spoke  of  "  a  buck  of  the 
first  head,"  so  euphuists  talked  of  "  gentlemen  of 
the  first  head"  (vide  Every  Man  out  of  His  Hu- 
mour, Act  III.  Sc.  1.).  Similarly,  as  soldiers  and 
other  archers  spoke  of  "  arrows  of  the  first  sheaf," 
euphuists  appropriated  the  metaphor,  and  called 
their  friends  "  gentlemen  of  the  first  sheaf."  Every 
archer  of  this  day  has  his  best  set  (a  set=-12  ar- 
rows) ;  and  every  archer  of  Shakspeare's  day  had 
\\\s  first  sheaf  (a  sheaf=24  arrows).  To  take  one 
example  : 

"  In  my  time,  it  was  the  usual  practice  for  soldiers  to 
choose  their  first  sheaf  of  arrows,  and  cut  those  shorter 
which  they  found  too  long  for  their  use."  —  Discourse  on 
Weapons. 

This  first  sheaf  so  chosen  was  a  select  sheaf  I 
now  give  two  examples  of  the  euphuistic  use  of 
the  word  sheaf : 

"  Sir  Diaphanous  Silkworm.  Aj',  and  with  assurance 
that  it"  [the liberal  undertaking  of  a  danger]  "is  found  in 
noblemen  and  gentlemen  of  the  best  sheaf"  —  Magnetic 
Lady,  Act  III.  Sc.  5. 

"  Fastidious  Brisk.  A  pox  on't !  I  am  so  haunted  at 
the  court,  and  at  my  lodging,  with  your  refined  choice 
spirits,  that  it  makes  me  clean*  of  another  g^ari/,  another 
sheaf,  I  know  not  how !  I  cannot  frame  me  to  your  harsh 
vulgar  phrase,  'tis  against  my  genius."  —  Every  Man  out 
of  His  Humour,  Act  II.  Sc.  1. 

Now  a  sheaf  of  corn  or  grain  Is  still  heraldically 
called  a  "garb;"  and  in  Law  Latin,  "garba  saglt- 
tarum  "  means  a  sheaf  of  arrows. 

But  the  euphuism  in  question  was  not  always 
taken  from  archery :  on  the  contrary,  I  am  in- 
clined to  think  that  in  the  extract  from  Every 
Man  out  of  His  Humour,  we  are  presented  with 
an  instance  of  a  euphuistic  use  of  garb  and  sheaf 
as  taken  from  husbandry.  Without  having  re- 
course to  euphuism  at  all,  we  find  that  sheaf  and 
sheaves  were  used  metaphorically.  I  append  one 
example  from  Locke's  Essay  on  the  Human  Under- 
standing : 

"  In  the  knowledge  of  bodies  we  must  glean  what  we 
can ;  since  we  cannot  from  a  discovery  of  their  real 
essence  grasp  at  a  time  whole  sheaves,  and  in  bundles 
comprehend  the  nature  of  the  whole  species." 

Finally,  in  the  passage  which  stands  as  text  to 
this  Note,  the  metaphor  Is  from  husbandry  beyond 
all  question.  The  "crowning  sheaf"  at  harvest 
was  one  composed  of  those  ears  of  corn  which 
were  "  most  select  and  generous."  This  sheaf  was 
tied  up  with  blue  ribbon,  and  was  the  last  carried 
at  the  harvest-home.     Putting  together  all  I  have 

*  "  Clean  "  means  entirelv. 


2"d  S.  N»  37.,  Sept.  13.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


207 


said  on  this  subject,  I  think  your  readers  will 
have  no  difficulty  in  accepting  Mr.  Staunton's 
emendation  ;  and  in  reading  with  him  — 

"  And  they  in  France  of  the  best  rank  and  station 
Are  of  a  most  select  and  generous  sheaf  in  that," — 

i.  e.  in  matters  of  dress.  Sheaf  means  a  clique, 
class,  or  set  in  fashionable  society. 

C.  Mansfield  Inglebt. 
Birmingham. 


"  All  the  World's  a  Stage  "  (2"'^  S.  ii.  44.)  — 
As  the  version  of  this  sentiment  by  Erasmus  has 
appeared  in  "  N.  &  Q."  by  way  of  contrast  with 
that  by  Shakspeare,  the  following  from  Calderon 
may  not  prove  uninteresting  : 

"  On  the  theatre  of  earth 
All  mankind  are  merely  players : 
One  enacts  a  sovereign  king, 
One  a  prince,  and  one  a  noble, 
Unto  whom  the  rest  do  homage. 
For  the  space,  and  for  the  instant. 
The  part  endures,  he  seems 
Master  of  the  wills  of  all. 
But  the  play  of  life,  played  out 
With  the  dropping  of  the  curtain. 
Death  within  the  green-room  brings 
All  the  actors  to  their  level." 

The  last  lines  will  remind  the  reader  how  often 
Young  in  his  Night  Thoughts  draws  his  similes 
from  the  stage.  In  one  of  them,  Death  appears  as 
a  "  door-keeper."  Cei'vantes,  it  will  be  remem- 
bered, died  within  ten  days  of  Shakspeare,  in  the 
year  1616.  J.  Doran. 

"  When  we  have  shuffled  off  this  mortal  coil" 
(2"^  S.  i.  151.  221.)— Your  correspondent  X. 
denies  (at  the  second  reference)  that  the  use  of 
"  mortal  coil "  for  the  body  of  a  creature  is  the 
"  common  interpretation "  (as  I  had  stated)  of 
this  phrase.  I  have  demanded  of  several  intelli- 
gent friends  what  they  understand  by  "  mortal 
coil"  in  Hamlet,  and  they  each  replied,  "Why, 
the  body  of  the  person  who  makes  his  quietus." 
As  if  on  purpose  to  confirm  my  assertion,  we  find 
Mr.  R.  W.  Hackwood  using  the  phrase  "  before 
finally  throwing  oiF  this  mortal  coil "  (2"'^  S.  ii. 
148.),  doubtless  labouring  under  the  impression 
that  he  was  quoting  Shakspeare,  and  that  the 
"  mortal  coil "  is  a  synonym  for  body. 

C.  Mansfield  Inglebt. 

Birmingham, 


THE    STARS   IN    THE    EAST. 

In  Kitto's  Cyclopcedia  of  Biblical  Literature,  I 
find  it  stated,  that  under  the  influence  of  a  con- 
junction of  Jupiter,  Saturn,  and  Mars,  which  took 
place  in  1604,  the  great  astronomer,  Kepler, 

"  was  led  to  think  that  he  had  discovered  means  for  de- 
termining the  true  year  of  our  Saviour's  birth.    He  made 


his  calculations,  and  found  that  Jupiter  and  Saturn  were 
in  conjunction  in  the  constellation  of  the  Fishes  (a  fish  is 
the  astrological  symbol  of  Judasa),  in  the  latter  half  of 
the  year  of  Rome  747,  and  were  joined  by  Mars  in  748. 
Here  then  he  fixed  the  first  figure  in  the  date  of  our  era, 
and  here  he  found  the  nppearance  in  the  heavens  which 
induced  the  magi  to  undertake  their  journey,  and  con- 
ducted them  successfully  on  their  way.  Others  have 
taken  up  this  view,  freed  it  from  astrological  impurities, 
and  shown  its  trustworthiness  and  applicability  in  the 

case  under  consideration The  conclusion,  in  regard 

to  the  time  of  the  Advent,  is,  that  our  Lord  was  born  in 
the  latter  part  of  the  year  of  Rome  747,  or  six  years 
before  the  common  era.  ....  A  recent  writer  of  con- 
siderable merit,  Wieseler,  has  applied  this  theory  of 
Kepler's,  in  conjunction  with  a  discovery  that  he  has 
made  from  some  Chinese  astronomical  tables,  which 
shows,  that  in  the  year  of  Rome  750,  a  comet  appeared  in 
the  heavens,  and  was  visible  for  seventy  days.  Wieseler's 
opinion  is,  that  the  conjunction  of  the  planets  excited 
and  fixed  the  attention  of  the  magi,  but  that  their  guid- 
ing-star was  the  aforesaid  comet." — Vol.  ii.  p.  794. 

Neither  in  the  article  first  quoted  on  the  sub- 
ject, nor  under  the  head  "Chronology"  in  the 
same  valuable  repository  of  biblical  lore  is  there 
mention  of,  on  reference  to,  A  Chronological  In- 
traduction  to  the  Histoi'y  of  the  Church,  by  the 
Rev.  S.  F.  Jarvis,  —  a  very  able  work,  published 
with  the  imprimatur  of  the  Bishops  of  the  Anglican 
Church  in  the  United  States ;  the  judicious  author 
of  which  has  been  led,  by  a  course  of  original  in- 
quiry and  laborious  investigation,  to  the  same  con- 
clusion as  that  arrived  at  by  Kepler  on  the  grounds 
cited  above ;  and  which,  from  other  data,  has  been 
previously  silently  adopted  by  the  French  Bene- 
dictines in  their  learned  work,  V Art  de  Verifier 
les  Dates,  namely,  that  the  birth  of  our  Saviour 
should  be  antedated  by  six  years.  This  coinci- 
dence, on  the  part  of  such  authorities  on  so  im- 
portant a  point,  merits  specification ;  and,  so 
thinking,  I  "  make  a  note  of  it."  Delta. 


iflflinor  ^0tpjf. 

Peculiar  Marriage  Custom.  —  The  following  is 
an  extract  from  papers  in  the  collection  of  Dr. 
Kennett,  Harl.  MS.,  7048.:  — 

"  Here  ensueth  certain  unreasonable  exactions  by  cus- 
tom of  long  tj'me  used  to  be  taken  of  both  poore  and 
riche  by  the  curates  in  y®  dj'ocesses  of  Seint  Asse  and 
Bangor.  It  is  the  custom  in  the  s<i  dyocess  that  everye 
man  and  woman,  when  they  shall  be  marryed,  shall  yeld 
unto  y^  curate  the  x*^  parte  of  all  their  goods,  as  well  the 
woman  as  the  man,  or  els  to  fyne  therefore.  And  if  a 
man  chance  to  bringe  his  wife,  or  the  woman  her  hus- 
band, about  Mydsummer,  and  then  payeth  all  his  tythes 
belonging  to  Herveste,  as  of  Hey  and  Come,  and  then 
incontynent  after  Harvest  hapen  to  marye,  bothe  the 
man  and  the  woman  shall  paye  the  tenth  again,  notwith- 
standing y  late  tything  at  hervest.  And  besides  all  this, 
they  shall  paye  a  certain  some  for  y'  bodyes  the  daye  of 
yr  inaryage.  But  whoso  lyste  to  lyve  in  adulterye  ther 
his  Fyiie  is  but  ii*  by  the  yere  to  the  ordinarye,  the  w<^'» 
causeth  matrimonye  to  be  little  sett  by  and  much  refused 
in  those  partes. 


m^ 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


|;2nd  S.  No  37„  Sept.  13.  '56. 


"  It  is  said  by  the  custome  used  in  some  parts  of  the 
Dyocess  of  St.  D.  and  Landaffe,  whereof  I  am  not  well 
assured,  but  I  will  diligentlye  enquire,  and  after  enforme 
your  mastershippe  in  maner  as  may  be  justified." 

Cl.  Hopper. 

Proportionate  Use  of  the  Letters  of  the  Alphabet. 
—  The  following  Note  of  the  proportionate  use  of 
the  letters  in  four  European  languages  may  be 
worth  recording.  I  stumbled  upon  it  in  an  old 
number  of  the  Mechanics''  Magazine,  and  have 
since  checked  some  of  the  numbers  in  the  English 
list,  which  I  find  comparatively  correct; 


A   -   - 

English. 

Dutch. 

French. 

itaiiaii. 

728 

313 

436 

763 

B   -   - 

158 

82 

46 

70 

C   -   - 

280 

72 

153 

277 

D   -   - 

392 

243 

175 

193 

E   -   - 

1000 

iobo 

1000 

1000 

F   -   - 

236 

30 

61 

67 

G   -   - 

168 

175 

41 

200 

II   -   - 

640 

152 

35 

90 

I    -   - 

704 

218 

'361 

807 

J   -   - 

65 

5 

31 

0 

K   -   - 

88 

125 

0 

0 

L   -   - 

360 

168 

298 

410 

M   -   - 

272 

112 

127 

217 

N   ■■   - 

670 

563 

404 

610 

0   -   - 

672 

300 

312 

730 

P   -   - 

168 

45 

138 

230 

Q   -  - 

50 

0 

71 

22 

R   -   - 

523 

337 

294 

517 

S   -   - 

680 

180 

488 

340 

T   -   - 

770 

277 

367 

430 

U   -   - 

296 

117 

398 

100 

V   -   - 

120 

105 

78 

243 

w  -  - 

190 

113 

Q 

0 

X   -   - 

46 

a 

18 

0 

Y   -   - 

184 

118 

12 

10 

Z   -   - 

Vowels 

22 

70 

1 

60 

3400 

2066 

2519 

3410 

Consonants 

5977 

2854 

2824 

3966 

The  nilmbers  of  the  respective  letters,  it  will  be 
seen,  are  referred  to  1000  of  the  letter  e  taken  as 
a  standard.  R.  W.  HACKwooiJ. 

The  Moon's  Rotation.  —  The  old  story  of  the 
moon's  rotation,  and  the  difficulty  which  unprac- 
tised persons  find  in  comprehending  it,  having 
been  lately  before  the  public,  the  following  tnay 
be  worth  reVival :— Dr.  Claytori,  Bishop  of  Clcw- 
her^  ir)  his ,  vindication  of  me  Histories  of  the  Old 
and  New  Testament  (t*art  ii.,  1754),  asserted  that 
the  moon  kept  one  face  to  the  earth  without 
tdfning.  Some  remarks  having  been  made  on 
this,  he  setit  i  letter  in  answer  to  theul  to  W. 
Bowyer,  his  printer,  for  publication,  if  thought 
proper.  Bowyer  applied  to  Bradley  the  astro- 
nomer royal  (the  bishop's  dfeath  had  intervened), 
td  know  if  the  bishop's  argument  were  "  barely 
plausible,"  or  had  "  an  appearance  of  probability." 


What  Bradley  replied  is  not  known ;  but  the 
letter  was  not  published.  It  would  be  worth 
while  to  collect  a  list  of  writers  who  have  held 
Dr.  Clayton's  opinion.  (Nichols's  Anecdotes,  vol.  ii. 
p.  246.)  A.  Djb  Mokgan. 


^utvitS, 


CROMWELL   HOUSE,    OLD   BROMPTbN. 

Faulkner,  in  his  History  of  Kensington,  describ- 
ing this  house,  says  : 

"  Over  the  mantelpiece  there  is  a  recess,  formed  by  the 
curve  of  the  chimney,  in  which  it  is  said  that  the  Pl-o- 
tector  used  to  conceal  himself  when  he  visited  this  house ; 
but  why  his  Highness  chose  this  place  for  concealment, 
the  tradition  has  not  condescended  to  inform  us.  This 
recess  is  concealed  by  the  wainscot,  and  is  still  used  as  a 
cupboard." 

And  then  he  states  that  though  the  tradition  is 
"  very  strong  and  universal,"  all  docuriients  he 
has  consulted  "  seem  to  show  that  there  is  not  the 
least  foundation  foi:  this  conjecture,"  and  pre- 
sumes "  that  from  the  marriage  of  Henry  Crom- 
well having  taken  place  in  this  parish,  that  he 
resided  here,"  and  hence  the  whole  of  the  story. 

Mrs.  S.  C.  Halt,  mentioning  the  tradition  in  her 
Pilgrimages  to  English  Shrines  (art.  "  Burke  "), 
says : 

"  Upon  closer  investigation  how  grieved  We  have  been 
to  discover  the  truth;  ...  we  found  that  Oliver 
never  resided  there,  but  that  his  son  Richard  had,  and 
was  a  ratepayer  to  the  parish  of  Kensington  some  time." 

Mr.  Jerdan  (who,  like  Mrs.  Hall,  lived  for 
many  year^  in  the  hamlet),  states  that  it  is  "  said 
to  derive  jts  name  from  being  one  of  the  secret 
sleeping  places  of  the  Protector  in  the  vicinity  of 
London,"  and  that  "  the  whole  of  this  little  sub- 
urban locality  bore  traces  of  having  been  of  some 
note  in  former  times.  I  dug  up,"  says  Mr.  Jerdan, 
"  statues,  and  other  pieces  of  sculpture ;  and  I 
had  reason  to  believe  if  Oliver  Cromwell  did  not. 
Chief  Justice  Hale  did  occupy  Cromwell  House," 
&c.  ,.  , 

I  have  lived  in  the  neighbourhood  from  child- 
hood, and  the  version  of  the  story  I  have  always 
heai:d  is,  that  on  some  occasion  Cromwell's  troop 
was  quartered  at  Knightsbridge,  and  he  one  day 
venturing  to  stray  ainong  the  lanes  of  Brompton, 
was  met  by  some  cavaliers  who  knew  him,  and 
pursued  him  to  this  house,  where  he  was  sheltered 
till  assistance  came  from  Knightsbridge  and  libe- 
rated him.  And  there  is  an  inn  here  still  called 
Cromwell's  posting-house  ;  for  years  his  name  was 
the  sign,  and  an  inscription  to  the  effect  that  his 
body-guard  wa§  brice  quaftei-ed  there  was  painted 
in  front  of  the  house.  Mr.  Corbould  took  this  inn 
for  the  subject  of  his  pictiire,  "  The  Old  Hostelrie 
at  Knightsbridge,"  Oxhibited  in  1849,  and  in  his 
note  in  the  catalogue  he  mentions  that  which  I 
have  just  stated^ 


2"«  S.  No  87.,  Sept.  13.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


209 


I  am  perfectly  aware  that  almost  every  village 
has  its  Cromwellian  legend,  but  I  think  this  one 
worth  a  little  more  inquiry  ere  quite  cast  aside. 
There  is  a  charity  at  Kensington  still  called 
CromweU's  Gift,  and  is  popularly  ascribed  to  the 
generosity  of  the  great  Protector  :  the  story,  too, 
that  Cromwell  and  Ireton  held  secret  converse  on 
the  green  in  front  of  Holland  House,  and  other 
Cromwellian  recollections  in  the  locality,  will,  I 
hope,  excuse  me  asking,  —  considering  the  new 
light  thrown  on  topographical  subjects  — ■ 

1.  Was  Oliver  Cromwell  in  any  way  connected 
with  Cromwell  House,  or  the  hostelrie  at  Knights- 
bridge  ?     The  slightest  note  will  be  valued. 

2.  Did  either  Richaird  or  Henry  Cromwell  re- 
side at  Cromwell  House  ? 

3.  Did  Hale  ever  reside  there  ? 

4.  The  earliest  mention  of  the  Holland  Souse 
tradition  ?  , 

5.  And  woul^l  Mr.  Jerdan,  ere  all  is  swept 
away,  specify  a  little  more  particularly  his  recol- 
lections of  the  district  ?  I  know  he  could  with 
ease  compile  a  most  Interesting  paper  for  "  N.  & 
Q." 

Cromwell  House  was  sold  piecemeal  by  Mr. 
Marsh,  June  7,  1853,  and  pulled  down  imme- 
diately afterwards.  An  engraving  may  be  seen 
in  Mrs.  Hall's  Pilg7-images ;  and  of  Mr.  Corbould's 
picture,  In  the  People  s  and  Howitfs  Journal, 
No.  3. 

The  author  of  the  "  Old  Court  Suburb  "  might 
well  have  exercised  his  affluent  fancy  In  an  addi- 
tional chapter  (and  a  pleasant  one  It  would  have 
made)  on  the  legends  of  the  West  London  Dis- 
tricts. H.  G.  Davis. 

Knightsbridge. 


Sir  Edmund  Andros.  —  The  ancestots  of  this 
gentleman  are  said  to  have  been  of  the  house  of 
Andrews  or  Andrew,  of  Charwelton,  co.  Noi-th- 
ampton.  I  should  be  glad  to  clear  up  the  follow- 
ing points  on  good  authority. 

1 .  The  Christian  name  of  the  first  who  settled 
In  Guerhse;^. 

2.  The  connecting  link  In  the  pedigree  with  the 
Korth^mpton  family. 

3.  The  reason  of  the  change  of  name. 

It  Is  said  that  the  first  Andros  was  a  military 
man,  and  ca(ne  In  the  suite  of.  Sir  Ifetey  Meautis, 
Governor  of  Guernsey,  temp.  Hen.  VIH.  . , 

Cl.  Hoppek. 

General  Epiitles. — Why  Is  this  term  applied  to 
seven  of  the  Epistles  in  the  New  Testament  ? 
Two  of  the  Epistles  of  St.  John  are  not  "  general" 
in  any  sense  ;  and  on  a  careful  examination  of  the 
rest,  the  conclusion  may  be  come  to,  that  not  one 
of   the    seven    is,    strictly  speaking,   "  general." 


James  wrote  his  Epistle  to  the  twelve  tribes  In 
the  dispersion ;  and  Peter  to  "  sojourners  of  the 
dispersion,"  i.  e.  to  devout  Gentiles.  Ag.;ba. 

"  Shandygaff."  —  What  Is  the  probable  orij^ui 
of  this  word,  which  is  of  recent  introduction,  ar^-i 
which.  In  the  Midland  Counties  (and  elsewhere 
perhaps).  Is  popularly  used  to  designate  a  favourite 
beverage  with  thirsty  souls,  consisting  of  a,  mix- 
ture of  ginger-beer  and  brewers'  ale? 

Henky  Kensington. 

Licence  to  Marry,  a.d.  1265.  — 

"  From  an  inquisition  taken  in  the  year  1265,  it  appears 
that  Sir  John  Fitz-Nigel,  or  Fitz-Neale,  then  held  a  hide 
of  arable  land,  called  the  Dere-hide,  at  Borstall,  and  a 
wood,  called  Hull  Wood,  by  grand  serjeantry,  as  keeper 
of  the  forest  of  Bernwood ;  that  his  ancestors  had  pos- 
sessed the  same  lands  and  office  prior  to  the  Conquest, 
holding  them  by  the  service  of  a  horn ;  and  that  they 
had  been  unjustly  withheld  by  the  family  of  Lazures,  of 
whom  William  Fitz-Nigel,  father  of  John,  liad  been 
obliged  to  purchase  them.*  Prior  to  this,  WilUam  Fitz- 
Nigel  had  been  obliged  to  pay  King  John  eleven  marks  for 
the  enjoyment  of  his  father's  office,  and  for  liherti/  to 
marry  at  his  own  pleasure."  f  —  Brayley's  Graphic  Illus- 
trator, London,'  1834,  p.  2. 

Was  this  a  yearly  payment,  and  were  such 
licences  common  ?  Such  at  fine  gives  a  strange 
idea  of  the  power  of  the  crov/n  six  centuries  ago. 

C.  W.  L. 

Horse-Meat  and  Mans-Meat.  — 

"  Patrolling  with  horse-meat  and  man's-meat,  &c.  — 
Carlyle's  Life  of  Sterling. 

In  the  Essays  from  the  Times  (vol.  11.  p.  139), 
the  reviewer's  comments  on  this  phrase  as  though 
It  had  run  "  for  horse-meat  and  man's-meat,"  &c., 
appears  Ignorant  of  th^  fact  thsit  "  hors6-meat  and 
man's-meat"  Is  of  proverbial  usage.  I  find  It  In 
The  Silent  Woman,  Act  III.  Sc.  1. : 

"  Who  allows  you  your  horse-meat  and  man's  meat?  " 

Sir  Walter  Scqtt  has  it  In  The  Monastery. 

My  query  Is,  What  is  the  origin  of  the  expres- 
sion ?  G.  Mansfield  Inglebt. 

Birmingham. 

Epitaph. — Who  Is  the  authoir  of  tte  Inscription, 
"  Heii !  quanto  minus  est  cum  fellquis  versari, 
quami  tiil  memihisse  ?  "  It  occurs  In  Shenstone's 
epitaph  oh  his  cousin  ;  but  this  Is  not  the  last  time 
It  was  use(i,  and  may  not  have  been  the  first.  It 
was  placed  oh  the  tomb  of  his  wife.  In  1782,  by 
Sir  G.  Shuckburgh,  known  by  his  papers  In  the 
Philosophical  Transactions :  but  he  married  again 
within  three  "years.-  M. 

"  Name  (Pedrte  of  Prayer)."  —  I  should  feel 
obliged  to  any  coffespohdent  If  he  could  give  me 

*  Vide  Bishop  Kennet's  Parochial  Antiquities  of  Am- 
brosden,  Sfc,  p.  265. 
t  Ibid.,  p.  166. 


210 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2ndS.  No  37.,  Sept.  13. '56. 


any  information  of  t-lie  following  small  work, 
which  I  am  unable  myself  to  trace  in  any  of  the 
best  bibliographical  works  or  catalogues. 

"  Name  (By  Mr.  William  P.  of  Dysert),  Pearle  of 
Prayer,  most  pretious  and  powerful,  or  a  Christian  Treatise 
most  necessarie  for  all  these  that  desire  to  eshew  that 
wrath  to  come,  the  Lords  curse,  and  everlasting  damna- 
tion, and  who  doe  long  for  God's  favour.  His  blessing,  and 
to  attaine  to  endlesse  salvation.  Edinburgh:  18mo., 
printed  by  John  Wreittoun,  1630." 

J.  B.  Rondeau. 

Kent  Place,  Salford. 

"  Rights  of  Boys  and  Girls."  —  The  jew  d  esprit 
directed  (1792)  against  Paine  and  Mary  Wool- 
stoncraft  under  this  title  is  said  by  Nichols  (Anec- 
dotes, vol.  ix.  p.  120.)  to  have  been  written  by  a 
first-rate  scholar,  whose  name  he  will  not  bring 
forward  on  so  trifling  an  occasion.  But  the  boy 
orator  of  this  tract  talks  of  "  Bellendenus."  Was 
the  author  Dr.  Parr  ?  M. 

Keay  the  Timber  Measurer.  —  Who  was  Keay  ? 
IIoppus,  who  is  a  very  "  Cocker  "  in  his  own  de- 
partment, and  whose  name  to  this  day  is  a  house- 
hold word  in  every  timber  merchant's  yard  and 
carpenter's  workshop,  accuses  him  of  gross 
mistakes  in  his  calculations :  in  one  instance  not 
less  than  12.s.  9|<f.  against  the  purchaser  in  the 
pound.  It  is  most  important  for  men  in  business 
to  use  standard  works  to  assist  them  in  their  cal- 
culations, as  I  observe  by  the  newspapers  of  last 
week  that  a  "  down  easter  "  has  got  himself  into 
trouble,  in  consequence  of  using  Keay  in  place  of 
Hoppus.  Tape  Line. 

Enlightenment.  —  What  objection  have  lexico- 
graphers to  this  word  ?  It  is  omitted  in  naost 
Dictionaries.  I  do  not  find  it  in  Webster's,  nor 
in  Johnson's  (Todd's)  Dictionaries.  Richardson's 
I  have  not  consulted,  but  I  have  looked  through 
more  than  a  dozen  others,  and  have  found  it  but 
twice :  viz.  in  Hoget's  Thesaurus,  490  (not  498  as 
in  the  Index),  and  in  the  castrated  edition  of 
Flugel's  English  and  German  Dictionary. 

Why  should  not  the  verb  "  enlighten  "  be  al- 
lowed the  privilege  of  becoming  substantive  as 
"enlarge"  and  "ennoble,"  which  precede  and 
follow  it  ?  I  believe  we  have  taken  the  termina- 
tion "  ment "  from  the  French,  in  which  language 
it  is  both  substantive  and  adverbial.  Its  applica- 
tion to  English  verbs  of  a  certain  class  is  almost 
universal.  A.  C.  M. 

Exeter. 

Record  Queries.  —  1.  The  Rotuli  Hundredorum, 
published  by  the  Record  Commissioners  in  1812, 
containing  the  result  of  the  commission  issued  by 
Edward  I.  to  inquire  into  exactions  of  lords  of 
manors,  &c.,  have  no  entries  relating  to  the 
county  of  Lancaster.  Are  the  returns  for  this 
county  extant,  and  where  deposited  ? 


2.  Are  therecords  of  the  Duchy  Court  of  Lan- 
caster accessible  under  the  same  regulations  as 
those  in  the  custody  of  the  Master  of  the  Rolls  ? 

3.  I  have  seen  some  MS.  notes  made  in  the 
early  part  of  last  century,  on  documents  preserved 
in  the  Duchy  Office.  They  refer  to  numbered 
volumes  of  collections  by  Mr.  Ayliff,  one  of  thera 
said  to  have  been  made  in  1692,  which  furnishes  a 
clue  to  the  date.  Was  Mr.  Ayliff  an  officer  of  the 
Duchy  Court  ?  Are  his  collections  preserved  in 
the  Office  ?  Are  they  in  the  nature  of  indices  to 
the  records  there  deposited,  or  what  is  their  cha- 
racter ?  J.  F.  M. 

"  De  Mortuis  nil  nisi  bonum."  —  To  whom  do 
we  owe  the  hackneyed  quotation,  "  De  mortuis  nil 
nisi  bonum  ?  "  Chapter  and  verse  would  be  ac- 
ceptable. F.  R.  C.  P. 

Engraved  Foreign  Portraits.  —  Is  there  any 
work  on  engraved  portraits  of  foreigners,  similar 
to  our  Granger,  Bromley,  or  the  very  valuable 
catalogue  of  Mr.  Evans,  published  in  France  or 
elsewhere  on  the  Continent  ?  M.  L. 

Mankind  and  their  Destroyers.  —  Can  any  of 
your  correspondents  inform  me  which  French 
writer  it  is  that  has  expressed  the  sentiment  that 
"  mankind  reserve  their  greatest  honours  for  their 
destroyers,  and  scarce  have  thanks  to  bestow  on 
those  who  seek  to  save  them."  I  do  not  profess 
to  give  the  exact  words,  as  it  is  many  years  since 
I  read  them,  and  have  not  "  made  a  note  of" 
them.  I  was  under  the  impression  that  I  had 
met  them  in  one  of  Madame  de  Stael's  works,  to 
which,  however,  I  have  referred  in  vain.    A.  P.  S. 

Origin  of  Tennis.  —  What  is  the  origin  of  the 
game  of  tennis  ?  not  of  rackets  or  fives,  about 
which  much  has  been  written,  showing  how  cat- 
gut was  first  of  all  bound  round  the  hand,  and 
afterwards  stretched  across  a  half  hoop  of  willow, 
so  as  to  form  a  bat  —  that  is  the  origin  of  the 
racket,  but  not  of  the  game  of  tennis  or  jeu  de 
paume,  with  its  penthouses,  its  dedans,  its  grille, 
its  tambour,  and  above  all  Its  chaces.  Where  did 
these  come  from,  and  when  were  they  invented  ? 

W.  H.  Morley. 

Duchess  of  Fitz-Jumes. — In  one  of  the  windows 
of  the  north  aisle  of  the  new  and  costly  church  of 
Bosseville  Bon-Secours,  near  Rouen,  I  lately 
observed  the  following  inscription :  "  Donne  par 
An.  de  Choiseul,  gouflSer  dvchesse  de  Fitz-James." 
It  Is  accompanied  by  the  arms  of  the  donor, 
which  are :  two  shields  conjoined, ,  the  dexter 
being  a  quartered  coat,  1  and  4,  quarterly,  France 
and  England  ;  2,  Scotland  ;  3,  Ireland  ;  a  bordure 
compony  France  and  England.  The  second 
shield  is  Choiseul,  viz. :  azure,  a  cross  or,  eighteen 
billets  ;  of  the  second,  five  saltierwise  in  each  of 
the  upper  quarters,  and  four  (two  and  two)  In 


ind  S.  No  37.,  Sept.  13.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


211 


eacb  of  the  lower  quarters.  Query,  who  is  the 
Duchess  de  Fitz-James  ?  or  rather,  who  was  the 
Duke  of  that  title,  and  by  what  right  did  he  bear 
the  arms  of  the  United  Kingdom  ?  I  suspect 
that  he  was  a  descendant  of  the  Pretender,  and 
shall  be  glad  to  know  through  what  line. 

Mark  Antony  Lower. 
Lewes. 

Frysley,  Halsende,  SheyUje.  —  Where  are  these 
places,  which  are  mentioned  in  a  MS.  relating  to 
Staffordshire  of  the  sixteenth  century,  in  con- 
junction with  Moseley,  Staffordshire,  and  Cos- 
sington  (Leicestershire  ?)  ?  R. 

Macclesfield. 

Sidney  Mountagu.  —  Can  any  of  the  readers  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  inform  me  who  Sidney  Mountagu  was  ? 
I  have  a  MS.  in  my  possession  written  by  him 
entitled  "  Valida  Consolatio."  A  dedicatory  letter 
accompanies  it,  addressed  to  his  mother,  who  it 
appears  was  blind.  The  date,  Hemington  \°  Jan- 
iiar.  1613  may  serve  as  a  clue.  Ch.  Hopper. 

Illustrations  of  the  Simplon.  —  In  1823  I  saw  a 
work  illustrative  of  the  road  over  the  Simplon. 
Will  some  one  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  give 
me  the  author's  name  ?  H.  J. 

Arms  of  the  Family  of  Gelsthrop.  —  The  arms 
of  this  family  are  wanted  to  complete  a  genealo- 
gical shield.  In  the  pedigree  of  the  Pendocks  of 
Tollerton  Manor,  co.  Notts,  Richard  Pendock, 
born  in  1593,  and  who  died  Nov.  1645,  is  stated 
to  have  married  Elizabeth  (Anne),- daughter  of 
William  Gelsthrop  of  Whatton,  Notts,  and  Fish- 
lake,  Yorkshire.  I  have  searched  both  Berry's 
and  Burke's  Dictionary  of  Arms  in  vain  for  the 
name.  T.  B. 


dMtnor  <!k\xtxxti  tut'tib  '^wi^txi. 

Bishops  of  Galloway.  —  Can  you  inform  me 
whether  there  ever  were  Bishops  of  Galloway 
(Scotland)  ?  and  if  so,  when  the  last  one  lived, 
and  if  there  is  any  book  in  which  I  should  find  an 
account  of  them  ?  M.  E.  M.  K. 

[According  to  Bede,  the  Southern  Picts  were  converted 
by  the  preaching  of  St.  Ninian,  a  native  of  North  Wales, 
who  was  consecrated  Bishop  of  Whitherne,  or  Candida 
Casa,  in  Galloway,  about  the  middle  of  the  fifth  century. 
Ussher  supposes  that  his  diocese  extended  from  the 
modern  Glasgow  to  Stanmore  Cross,  on  the  borders  of 
Westmoreland.  The  church  of  Whitherne  became  a  se- 
minary of  apostolic  men  and  many  eminent  saints.  Bede 
places  one  Octa  as  the  successor  of  St.  Ninian  ;  and  Pec- 
telm  was  bishop  when  Bede  concluded  his  history, 
A.D.  731.  Malmsbury  adds  Frethwald,  Pectwine,  Ethel- 
brith,  and  Radvulf,  as  his  successors;  Florence  of  Wor- 
cester further  adds  Heathored.  John  Gordon,  conse- 
crated Feb.  4,  1688,  was  the  last  bishop.  Since  the  Re- 
volution this  see  has  been  annexed  to  Glasgow.    See 


Keith's  Catalogue  of  Scottish  Bishops,  by  Dr.  Russel,  edit. 
1824,  pp.  271 — 283.,  for  some  notices  of  the  bishops.] 

Hon.  Thomas  Penn.  —  Where  shall  I  find  an 
account  of  the  sons  of  William  Penn  ?  I  have  a 
letter  signed  "  Tho.  Penn,"  and  dated  "  London, 
Nov.  8,  1766."  It  is  addressed  to  «'  Sir  William 
Johnson,  Bart.,  at  Johnson  Hall,  New  York," 
and  is  endorsed  thus,  "  From  the  honble.  Thos. 
Penn,  Esq. ; "  to  which  is  added,  in  another  hand, 
"  Son  of  W*"  Penn,  proprietor  of  Penns*."  It  is 
stated  in  the  Penny  Cyclopaedia  that 

"  Penn  left  children  by  both  of  his  wives,  and  to  them 
he  bequeathed  his  property  in  Great  Britain  and  America. 
The  government  and  quit-rents  of  Pennsylvania  devolved 
to  the  sui-viving  sons  of  the  second  family,  with  the  title 
of  Proprietaries,  and  by  them  were  sold  to  the  state  of 
Pennsylvania,  after  the  American  Revolution,  for 
130,000/." 

The  writer  of  the  letter  appears  to  have  held 
office  under  the  British  government.     He  says  : 

"  I  was  on  fryday  at  the  Board  of  Trade,  where  the 
Lords  seemed  very  desirous  to  finish  your  aifair,  about  the 
Land,  but  could  not  do  it  for  want  of  the  draft  of  it.  .  . 
.  .  I  found  the  Lords  ready  to  grant  any  quantity  to 
one  hundred  thousand  acres,  if  your  purchase  was  for  so 
much,"  &c. 

The  Sir  W.  Johnson  to  whom  the  letter  was  ad- 
dressed was  the  king's  "  general  agent  for  Indian 
affairs."  Vox. 

[The  writer  of  this  letter  was  the  Hon,  Thomas  Penn, 
second  son  of  the  celebrated  William  Penn,  founder  of  the 
State  of  Pennsylvania,  by  his  second  wife.  Thomas  was 
born  March  8,  1701-2,  and  had  the  principal  direction  of 
the  affairs  of  Pennsj'lvania  for  half  a  century.  In  1760 
he  purchased  Stoke  Poges  in  Buckinghamshire.  He 
married  Juliana  Fermor,  fourth  daughter  of  Thomas,  first 
Earl  of  Pomfret.  Both  Thomas  Penn  and  his  j'ounger 
brother  Richard  returned  to  the  communion  of  the  Church 
of  England.  The  Hon.  Thomas  Penn,  Lord  Proprietary 
of  Pennsylvania,  as  he  was  entitled,  died  in  1775,  and 
was  interred  in  the  family  vault  at  Stoke  Poges.  Consult 
Granville  Penn's  Memorials  of  Sir  William  Penn,  vol.  ii. 
p.  673.,  and  Lipscomb's  History  of  Bucks,  vol.  ir.  p.  555.] 

Importance  of  Ballads.  — 

"  Give  me  the  ballads  of  a  people,  and  I  will  write  their 
true  history." —  "  Give  me  the  making  of  a  people's  bal- 
lads, and  I  care  not  who  makes  their  laws." 

Whose  sayings  are  these  ?  A.  A.  D. 

[The  latter  saying  occurs  in  the  Political  Works  of 
Andrew  Fletcher  of  Saltoun,  Edinb.  1749,  p.  266.  He 
says,  "  I  knew  a  very  wise  man  so  much  of  Sir  Christo- 
pher's sentiment,  that  he  believed  if  a  man  were  per- 
mitted to  make  all  the  ballads,  he  need  not  care  who 
should  make  the  laws  of  a  nation."  See  "  N.  &  Q."  1'* 
S.  i.  124. 153.] 

N.  Byfield.  —  I  have  a  small  volume,  title-page 
wanting,  with  the  name  of  N.  Byfield  on  the  pre- 
face. The  work  treats  of  various  scriptural 
doctrines,  and  such,  so  says  the  author,  "  which 
are  fundamentall  and  absolutely  necessary  to  be 
knowne  of  as  many  as  are  to  be  saued."     Query, 


212 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  No  87,,  Sept.  13.  '56. 


title  and  value.  Date  is  1618.  On  the  last  page 
there  is  an  idea,  (juaint,  but  exceedingly  illustra- 
tive of  the  little  pitfolls  our  early  divines  stumbled 
into,  with  their  "  similitudes,"  "  parallels,"  and 
illustrations."  Was  this  remarkable  old  bird  a  fa- 
vourite figure  ? 

"Diuines  are  wont  to  shadow  our  eternitiy,  by  the  si- 
militude of  a  little  Bird  drinking  vp  a  drop  of  Water  out 
of  the  Sea;  if  euery  tenne  thousand  yeares  the  Bird 
should  come  and  drinke  vp  but  otia  drop,  yet  the  Sea 
might  be  drye  at  length :  but  yet  this'  lasting  of  the  Sea 
is  nothing  in  comparison  to  the  lasting  of  the  glory  of 
Heauen." 

Kael. 

[This  work  is  entitled  TTie  Principles,  or  The  Patteriie 
of  IVholesome  Words ;  or  a  Collection  of  such  Truths  as 
are  necessary  to  be  believed  unto  Salvation.  By  Nicolas 
Byfield.  Lond.  8vo.  1618.  The  fifth  edition,  1034,  con- 
tains an  appendix  by  Adoniram  Byfield,  entitled  The 
Summe  of  the  Principles.  ] 

Meaning  of  '■\Attachiatio" — I  find  in  an  ancient 
deed  the  ^ord  attachiacio,  "cum  attachiacione 
stagni  mei,"  the  meaning  of  which  I  cahriot  inter- 
pret. It  is,  I  believe,  a,  law  term,  but  I  have 
looked  in  vain  for  it  in  Ducange  and  other  au- 
thorities. Can  any  of  your  correspondents  help 
me  to  its  meaning  ?  J.  B. 

["  Attachiatio"  is  our  law  term  "attachment;"  pro- 
perty is  "  attached  "  for  debt,  &c.  The  context  alone  can 
decide  if  the  term  be  applicable  in  this  case.  There  was 
ati  "attachment "  frequently  under  charters  of  liberties, 
/.  e.  a  right  to'  take  waste  wood,  &c.  J 


WAS   DANIEL   WRAY   JUNIUS  ? 

(2"i  S.  ii.  164.) 

My  attention  has  been  before  drawn  to  Mr. 
Falconer's  theory  and  to  his  evidence,  which,  I 
aldmit,  w6uld  go  far  to  decide  the  question,  if  it 
were  true. 

Junius  did  say,  as  quoted,  that  Garrick  had 
forced  him  to  break  his  resolution  to  write  no 
more;  —  the  editor  of  the  edition  of  1812  does  say 
that  Junius  referred  to  the  59th  letter,  with  wliich 
he  had  intended  to  conclude;  —  and  Daniel  Wray 
did  write  to  Lord  Hardwicke  on  Sept.  29,  and  did 
say,  "  had  I  persevered  in  that  wise  resolution  to 
write  ho  m6re  ;"  biit  he  added,  "  till  I  had  some 
fact  of  consequeribe  to  relate,  t  should  have  been 
dumb  with  my  pen  till  silence  would  bepome  in- 
decorum," which  I  take  to  be  an  established  form 
of  common-place,  merely  personal,  and  having  no 
reference  whatever  io  anything  but  his  coTrespon- 
dence  with  Lord  Hardwicke. 

Now  for  that  "  direct  evidence "  which  Mr. 
Falconer  tells  us  somewhat  irreverently,  "  Whcf 
doubts  would  still  be  doubting  though  one  rose 
from  the  dead  for  his  conviction."    The  last  letter, 


the  intended  last  letter,  No.  59,  says  Mr.  Falconer, 
is  dated  October  5,  1771 : 

"  Six  days  previously  (mark  that !)  Wray  writes  to 
Lord  Hardwicke  .  .  .  'These  proper  attentions  may  satisfy 
the  good  people  of  England  for  a  month,  accompanied  by 
the  finishing  dose  of  Junius  on  Saturddi/.'  In  perfect  ac~ 
cordance  with  this  decided  intimation,  iY^a  mt&w^&k  finish- 
ing dose  did  appear.  The  bth  of  October,  1771,  was  on  a 
Saturday." 

It  is  scarcely  worth  Avhile  to  observe  that  the 
"  perfect  accordance  "  is  founded  on  an  assump- 
tion that  the  date  affixed  to  the  letter  is  the  date 
of  publication,  and  that  tlie  letter  "  did  appear  " 
on  '■^Saturday'"  the  5th  of  October.  Nineteen 
times  out  of  twenty  such  an  assumption  would  be 
borne  out  by  the  fact  —  nineteen  times  out  of 
twenty  the  date  affixed  is  the  date  of  publica- 
tion. But  unfortunately  for  Mr.  Falconer,  in  this 
instance,  Junius  dated  his  letter  ;  it  was  dated  the 
5th  ;  but  it  was  not  published  till  the  8th  —  not 
published  on  a  Saturday  at  all,  but  on  a  Tuesday, 
and  observe,  Wray  does  not  refer  either  to  the 
5th  or  the  8th,  but  to  "Junius  on  Saturday." 

Mr.  Falconer  tells  us  that  Wray's  letter  was 
written  "  six  days  previously,  mark  that,"  to  the 
5th  October  —  that  is  on  Sunday  the  29th.  To 
be  sur6  rt  was ;  and  the  "  finishing  dose "  on 
Saturday  was  the  letter  to  the  Duke  of  Grafton, 
published  on  Saturday,  the  28th  of  September,  the 
very  day  before  he  wrote.  W.  D.  W, 


DAILY  SERVICE. 

(2°i  S.  ii.  148.) 

Therfe  is  abundant  evidence  to  show  that  daily 
prayers  have  not  only  been  the  rule  of  the  Church 
since  the  Reformation,  but  that  also,  to  a  very 
great  extent,  they  have  been  carried  out  in  prac- 
tice. As  a  proof  of  this,  see  Walton's  Life  of 
George  Herbert,  the  Life  of  Nicholas  Ferrar, 
Fell's  Life  of  Hammond,  and  Nelson's  Life  of 
Bull. 

In  the  Tracts  for  the  Times  (No.  84.)  is  given 
a  list  of  twenty  churches  in  and  about  the  city  of 
London,  wherein  daily  prayers  were  said  in  1683. 
And  in  the  Pietas  Londinerisis,  published  at  the  be- 
ginning of  the  eighteenth  century,  there  is  a  table 
of  Public  Services  in  London  ;  and  the  number  of 
churches  wherein  daily  prayers  were  said  was 
seventy-eight,  and  this  in  addition  to  a  large 
number  of  cKtirches  wt'erein  o'ccasioha't  services 
were  ,said.  , ,  , 

What  A.  A.  D.  considers  as  an  apparent  con- 
tradiction between  the  rubric  he  quotes  and  the 
14th  and  15th  Canons,  is  not  so  when  they  are 
examined  arid  coiripared  together.  As  respects 
the  14th  Canon,  It  distinctly  states  "  that  all  mi- 
nisters likewise  shall  observe  the  Orders,  Rites, 
and  Ceremonies  prescribed  in  the  Book  of  Com-> 


and  S.  No  37.,  Sept.  13.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


213 


mon  Prayer,"  &c.  Now,  in  addition  to  the  rubrics 
quoted  by  A.  A.  D.,  that  "  all  priests  and  deacons 
shall  be  bound  to  say  daily  the  Morning  and 
Evening  Prayer,"  are  as  follows  : 

'*  The  Psalter  shall  be  read  through  once  every  month, 
as  it  is  there  appointed  both  for  Morning  and  Evening 
Prayer." 

"  The  Order  for  Morning  and  Evening  Prayer  daily  to 
be  said  or  used  throughout  the  year." 

"  After  the  First  Lesson  shall  follow  Te  Deum  laudamus 
daily  throughout  the  year." 

"  The  Second  Collect  for  Peace  and  the  Third  Collect 
for  Grace  shall  never  alter,  but  daily  be  said,"  &c. 

Many  other  rubrics  might  be  quoted,  but  these 
are  given  simply  to  show  that  clergymen,  in  obey- 
ing the  14th  Canon,  and  "  observing  the  Orders," 
are  bound  to  have  daily  prayers. 

The  15  th  Canon  orders  the  Litany  to  be  said 
"  when  and  as  it  is  set  down  in  the  Book  of  Com- 
mon Prayer,  and  riibi-e  particularly  on  Wednes- 
days and  Fridays." 

The  rubric,  in  the  Prayer  Book  of  1662,  says, 
"  it  is  to  be  said  after  Morning  Prayer  on  Sun- 
days, Wednesdays,  and  Fridays,"  &c. 

Now  it  never  was  a  rule  or  custom  ill  the 
Catholic  Church  for  the  Litany  to  be  said  daily. 
According  to  Archbishop  Seeker,  as  quoted  in 
Hook's  Church  Dictionary  : 

"  They  were  appointed  to  be  said  first  on  Wednesdays 
and  Fridays,  these  being  appropriated  to  penitence  and 
humiliation  and  for  other  fasts ;  but  not  long  after,  for 
Sundays  also,  there  being  then  the  largest  congregation 
and  most  solemn  worship." 

The  Litany  evidently  was  designed  to  be  a  dis- 
tinct service  after  the  Morning  Prayer,  and  before 
the  Communion  office,  at  a  proper  distance  of 
time  from  each.  G.  W.  N. 

The  Hollies,  Wilmslow. 


MAYOR   or   LONDON   IN    1335. 

(2"i  S.  i.  353.  483.  520.) 

Your  correspondents  Messrs.  Sansom  and 
James  Spence  Harby  have,  I  think,  both  wi-bngly 
imagined,  in  their  extracts  from  Stow's  Chro- 
nicle, that  the  sheriffs'  and  mayors'  names  are 
ajfixed  instead  of  prefixed,  as  they  really  are,  to 
the  occurrences  of  the  year.  From  my  copy,  also 
in  black  letter,  16mo,,  1573*,  it  is  clear  to  iiie 
that  the  following  is  Stow's  statement : 

"Anno  4.    [Edw.  III.] 

fSTierife's.     Robert  of  Ely.     Tho.  Worwood;  28  Septeb. 
<  Mayor.       lohn   Poultney  (^sic),    Draper^   the   28"^   of 
(.     1331.  octob. 

*  Without  title-page  or  pagination,  as  isvery  iisual  at 
that  date,  but  with  the  colophon,  "  Impririted  at  Lbniion 
in  Fletestreate,  ncre  vnto  Saint  Dunstone's  chiirche,  by 
Thomas  Marshe,  An.  1573." 


C  Sherifes. 
■4  Mayor. 
I     1332. 

f  Sherifes, 

<  Mayor. 
[_     1383. 

C  Sherifes. 

<  Mayor. 
i     1334. 


Anno  5. 
John  Mocking.    Andrew  Aubery,  28.  of  Sep. 
lohn  Pountney,  Draper,  the  28.  of  October. 

Anno  6. 

Nicolas  Pilke.     lohn  Husband,  28.  of  Sep. 
lohn  Preston,  Draper,  the  28.  of  October. 

Anno  7. 

lohn  Hamond.    William  Hansard,  28. 
lohn  Pountney,  Draper,  the  28.  of  October. 
This  yere  King  Edward  and  Henry  the  sonne 
of  Hery  Erie  of  Lancaster,  &c. 

Anno  8. 

C Sherifes.     Johii  Kingston.     Walter  Turke,  28.  of  Sep! 
4  Mayor.       Keignold  at  Condit,  Vintener,  28.  of  Octob. 
(_     1335.      Part  of  the  Uuivefsitie  of  Oxford  went  to 
Stamforde,  &c. 

Anno  9. 

C Sherifes.     Walter  Mordon.     Richard  Vpton,  28.  Sep. 
^3Iayor.       Reignold  at  Condit,  Vintener,  28.  of  Octob. 
(_     1336.      In  a  parliament  at  Londo  K.  Edward  made, 
&c. 

An.  10. 

r  Sherifes.     lohn  Gierke.     William  Curteis,  28  Septeb. 

<  Mayor.       lohn  Poultney,  Draper.     The  28.  of  October. 
(.     li337.      The  towne  of  Southampton  was  burned  down, 

&c. 

An.  n. 

f  Sherifes.     Walter  Neale.     Nicolas  Crane,  28.  Septemli. 

<  Mayor.       Henry  Darcy.     The  28.  of  October. 

(_     1338.      Two  Cardinals  which  came  to  make  peace. . . 

An.  12. 

Shirifes.    William  of  Pofret.   Hugh  Marberol,  28.  Sep. 

(sic) 
Maior.      Henry  Darcy,  the  28.  of  October." 
1339. 

John  Poultney,  or  Pountney,  was  therefore 
Mayor  in  1331,  1332,  1334,  and  again  in  1337; 
John  Preston  in  1333  ;  Reignold  at  Condit  in 
1335  and  1336  ;  and  Henry  Darcy  in  1337  and 
1338.  No  mention  is  made  of  Wdtton.  The  dis- 
crepancy in  the  authorities  quoted  is  very  extra- 
ordinary, but  I  think  a  reference  to  Stow,  be- 
ginning at  the  commencement  of  the  reign,  will 
show  that  the  above  gives  his  list  correctly,  at  any 
rate.     The  brackets,  I  should  add,  are  iny  own. 

E.  S.  Taylob. 


lli6TE§   ON   ftEiSllviENTS. 

(2"''  S.i.  42^.516. ;  ii.  36.55.) 

If  the  sighature  of  the  last  communication  on 
this  Subject  indicates  the  profession  of  the  writer, 
I  am  not  sorry,  as  a  Pekin,  to  havfe  been  anticipated 
by  Miles,  in  some  remarks  which  I  had  strung 
together,  in  correction  of  the  inaccuracies  involved 
in  the  foregoing  "  Notes  on  Regiments."  One  or 
two,  however,  which  he  has  left  unnoticed,  may 
become  the  subject  of  a  few  lines,>e7i  attendant  the 
promised  continuation  of  his  remarks, 


214 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  g.  Ko  37.,  Sept.  13.  '56. 


Miles  is  correct  in  liIs  assertion  that  the  words 
"  Quis  separabit,"  which  Me.  Walcott  calls  the 
motto  of  the  4th  Dragoon  Guards,  is  in  fact  the 
legend  of  the  Order  of  St.  Patrick,  the  star  of 
which  is  borne  as  a  badge  by  that  regiment.  Thus, 
these  words  are  applicable,  not  to  the  regiment 
as  an  irrefragable  phalanx,  which  might  be  sup- 
posed, but  to  the  three  leaves  of  the  shamrock, 
borne  on  the  centre  of  the  cross.  The  defiant 
question  may  also  be  held  to  apply  to  the  three 
crowns,  one  of  which  will  be  found  to  be  em- 
bliizoned  on  each  of  the  leaves,  and  which  doubt- 
less refer  to  the  junction  of  the  three  kingdoms. 
Tiie  query  may  yet  have  a  third  significance  ; 
viz.  to  the  three  persons  of  the  Trinity ;  the  tre- 
foil having  been  used  as  a  symbol  of  that  mystery 
by  St.  Patrick,  when  he  preached  Christianity  to 
the  heathen  inhabitants  of  Ireland.  Hence,  too, 
the  adoption  of  the  plant  as  the  national  symbol. 

In  like  manner  the  motto  "  Nee  aspera  terrent " 
does  not  belong  to  the  regiments  by  which  it 
is  borne,  but  is  that  of  the  Royal  Hanoverian 
Guelphic  Order,  which  is  borne  by  the  regiments 
in  question,  as  a  badge,  upon  their  colours,  and 
probably  applies  to  the  running  horse  thereon. 

Many  regiments  have  no  motto  :  as,  for  instance, 
those  to  which  Ma.  Walcott  has  ascribed  the 
legends  of  the  orders  which  they  are  entitled  to 
bear ;  some  again  have  a  motto  of  their  own  in 
addition  to  that  of  the  order :  thus  the  motto  of 
the  1st  Dragoons  is  "  Spectemur  agendo,"  while 
they  also  bear  as  badge  the  Order  of  the  Garter, 
with  its  well  known  legend,  "  Honi  soit  qui  mal  y 
pense,"  which  it  would  not  be  correct  to  speak  of 
as  the  motto  of  the  regiment. 

Again,  it  is  stated  that  the  motto  of  the  Ar- 
tillery is  "  Ubique  ;  "  that  of  the  Engineers,  "  Quo 
fas  et  gloria  ducunt."  Now,  there  is  no  such  dis- 
tinction ;  each  corps  bearing  both  mottoes  :  viz. 
"Ubique,"  over  the  gun;  "Quo  fas  et  gloria 
ducunt  "  beneath  it.  I  believe,  indeed,  that  the 
Indian  Artillery  has  the  word  "  Ubique  "  only  : 
probably  with  reference  to  the  usually  scattered 
disposition  of  the  corps. 

1  am  not  aware  that  there  is  such  a  device  as 
that  mentioned  by  Ma.  Smith  ;  a  skull  and  cross- 
bones,  surmounted  by  the  words  "  Victory  or." 
The  badge  of  the  17th  Lancers  is  a  "  death's  head," 
with  the  words  "  or  glory  "  beneath  it. 

I  have  heard  that  the  sash  worn  by  officers, 
which  Mr.  Walcott  asserts  was  intended  to 
serve  in  carrying  away  the  wounded,  was  de- 
signed to  be  used  as  a  tourniquet.  It  is  probably 
equally  applicable  to  both  purposes. 

William  Bates. 

Birmingham. 


In  continuation  of  my  remarks   on  regiments 
inserted  in  a  former  number  of  "N.  &  Q.,"  and 


with  a  view  to  prevent  all  such  mis-statements  as 
appeared  in  an  earlier  number  of  your  valuable 
publication,  I  beg  to  give  particulars  relative  to 
some  other  regiments ;  and  I  cannot  but  acknow- 
ledge the  valuable  information  I  have  derived  from 
Cannon's  Historical  Records  of  Regiments,  to 
which  work  I  recommend  your  clerical  correspon- 
dent, should  he  wish  to  obtain  ti^ue  information  on 
this  subject. 

Many  of  the  regiments  have  on  their  colours 
or  appointments,  in  some  shape  or  other,  "  the 
White  Horse  "  of  Hanover  with  its  motto  "  Nee 
aspera  terrent."  This  was  given  naturally  for  ser- 
vices rendered  to  the  Hanoverian  branch  of  the 
House  of  Guelph  after  they  had  succeeded  to  the 
British  throne,  and  whose  monarchs  in  rewarding 
these  several  regiments  bestowed  on  them  the 
armorial  distinctions  they  themselves  used,  with 
its  motto  "  Nee  aspera  terrent."  These  are  well 
known  as  the  insignia  and  motto  of  the  Order  of 
the  Guelph,  and  it  was  only  at  the  advent  to  the 
throne  of  our  present  beloved  sovereign  that  the 
White  Horse  on  an  escutcheon  of  pretence  as  part 
of  the  arms  of  the  sovereigns  of  Great  Britain 
ceased  to  be  borne,  as  the  Salic  law  which  regu- 
lated the  royal  succession  in  Hanover  did  not 
permit  the  female  sovereign  of  these  realms  to  be- 
come its  monarch. 

The  sphynx  is  a  memento  of  the  campaign  in 
Egypt,  and  as  such  carried  on  their  colours  by 
very  many  regiments  therein  engaged. 

The  36th  regiment  bears  on  its  appointments 
the  word  "  Firm."  Cannon  (the  best  authority) 
states  that  the  origin  of  it  is  unknown  from  its 
extreme  antiquity,  but  "  by  authority  that  regi- 
ment bears  the  distinction."  The  "  old  bold  5th" 
had  the  distinction  of  wearing  "  a  white  plume  " 
in  the  cap  when  the  similar  ornament  in  the  other 
regiments  of  the  service  was  a  red  and  white  tuft. 
This  honourable  distinction  was  given  to  them  for 
their  conduct  at  Morne  Fortune  in  the  island  of 
St.  Lucia,  where  they  took  from  the  slain  French 
Grenadiers  who  opposed  them  their  white  feathers 
in  sufficient  numbers  to  equip  every  man  in  the 
regiment.  This  distinction  was  subsequently  con- 
firmed by  authority,  and  continued  as  a  distinc- 
tive decoration  until  1829,  when  a  general  order 
caused  the  white  feather  to  be  worn  by  the  whole 
army.  By  a  letter  from  Sir  H.  Taylor,  Adjutant- 
General,  dated  July,  1829,  the  Commander-in- 
Chief,  referring  to  the  newly  issued  order  by 
which  that  distinction  was  lost  to  the  regiment, 
states  that  "  as  an  equivalent,"  the  5th  shall  in 
future  wear  "  a  feather  half  red  and  half  white, 
the  red  uppermost,  instead  of  the  plain  white  fea- 
ther worn  by  the  rest  of  the  army,  as  a  peculiar 
mark  of  honour."  This  at  once  does  away  with 
the  ridiculous  story  of  your  correspondent  that  it 
arose  from  their  having  dipped  the  tops  of  their 
feathers  in  the  blood  of  their  slain  enemies,  and 


2'"«  S.  No  37.,  Sept.  13.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


215- 


so  obtained  the  red-topped  feather  as  a  deco- 
ration. 

The  light  company  of  the  46th  regiment  wear 
the  distinctive  mark  of  a  red  ball.  The  circum- 
stance that  occasioned  this  occurred  in  1777, 
during  the  American  war.  After  the  affair  of 
Brandywine,  the  light  company  of  the  regiment 
made  themselves  very  obnoxious  to  the  enemy 
from  their  very  great  address  and  intrepidity  at 
the  above  affair,  which  caused  the  Americans  to 
vow  vengeance  against  them,  and  refuse  them 
quarter.  The  soldiers  of  the  company,  on  this 
account,  and  to  prevent  any  one  else  from  suffer- 
ing from  this  threat,  stained  their  feathers  red,  as 
a  mark  to  be  known,  and  they  have  ever  since 
worn  that  coloured  ball,  instead  of  green,  the  usual 
colour  of  the  ball  or  feather  of  a  light  company. 

In  ]  833  a  Horse  Guards'  letter  gave  due  au- 
thority for  this  practice. 

The  2nd,  or  Queen's  regiment,  bear  in  the 
corners  of  the  second  colour  and  in  their  appoint- 
ments "  The  Paschal  Lamb."  This  was  the  dis- 
tinguishing badge  of  Portugal,  and  was  worn  first 
by  the  regiment  as  being  raised  for  the  defence  of 
Tangiers,  which  constituted  a  portion  of  the  dower 
of  Catherine,  Infanta  of  Portugal,  on  her  marriage 
with  Charles  II.  In  the  bloody  assizes  of  Jeffreys, 
this  regiment,  under  the  command  of  Col.  Kirke, 
were  well  known  for  their  cruelties  under  the  so- 
briquet of  "Kirke's  Lambs."  In  1703  the  regi- 
ment gained  the  motto  of  "  Pristinse  Virtutis 
Memor,"  Avhen  the  Queen  Dowager's  regiment,  in 
allusion  to  its  former  services.  Miles. 


■  I  do  not  see  that  the  epithet  "  the  fighting  9th  " 
has  been  noticed.  The  origin  of  this  I  am  not 
aware  of.  That  of  the  97th,  too,  is  not  mentioned 
by  your  correspondents  as  far  as  I  have  seen,  "  The 
Celestials,"  from  their  shy -blue  facings.  Among 
the  mottoes  I  have  not  seen  that  of  the  39th  given, 
"  Primus  in  Indis,"  referring  to  the  brilliant  page 
of  their  history  where  the  name  of  "  Plassey  "  is 
emblazoned.  T.  J.  E. 


The  97th  Regiment  are  called  the  "  Celestials," 
from  their  sky-blue  facings. 

The  "  recover,"  in  the  officer's  salute  with  the 
sword,  is  the  relic  of  the  custom  of  kissing  the 
hilt,  which  was  once  in  the  shape  of  the  cross. 

Mackenzie  Walcott,  M.  A. 


HOLLY   THE    ONLY   INDIGENOUS   BYBRGKEEN. 

(2""  S.  i.  399.  443.  502. ;  ii.  56.  1 13.) 

Let  me  now  give  you  some  extracts  from  my 
grandfather's  paper  in  the  Oent.  Mag.,  1780 
(p.  940.),  in  defence  of  my,  or  rather  his,  asser- 


tion that  the  yew  is  not  an  indigenous  tree.     He 
says : 

"  Though  we  have  observed  the  yew  tree  growing  wild 
in  many  parts  of  the  kingdom,  yet  we  can  by  no  nicana 
allow  it  to  have  been  originally  a  native ;  for  had  any 
indigenous  tree,  whose  seeds  are  disseminated  by  birds 
like  the  yew,  been  planted  in  almost  every  churchyard 
throughout  the  kingdom,  been  cultivated  for  archer^', 
and  introduced  into  every  ornamented  garden  of  former 
times,  it  would  certainly  have  become  one  of  our  com- 
monest trees;  instead  of  which,  the  yew,  since  bows 
liave  been  laid  aside  and  it  has  been  excluded  gardens, 
is  manifestly  in  a  decreasing  state :  for  very  few  young 
trees  are  to  be  found  in  proportion  to  the  old,  many  of 
which  are  undoubtedly  as  ancient  as  archery.  It  is  pro- 
bable that  the  yew  was  very  early  dispersed  through 
Europe,  as  the  Saxon  and  British  names  are  the  same, 
which  we  believe  is  observable  in  no  others — that  general 
and  most  useful  tree,  the  apple,  excepted.  Seeds  and 
plants  of  the  tree,  which  would  make  bows  much  superior 
to  any  other,  would  be  equally  sought  after  in  early 
times,  and  as  precious  as  iron  to  the  inhabitants  of  the 
islands  of  the  South  Sea.  The  wood  of  this  tree  in 
warmer  climates  is  superior  to  any  which  grows  in  this 
country,  and  therefore  Spanish  bows  always  bore  a  much 
greater  price  here  than  our  own;  and  this  inferiority  is 
no  mean  argument  against  its  being  a  native,  for  we  know 
of  none  of  our  undoubted  indigenous  trees  whose  timber 
is  not  equal  in  quality  to  any  foreign.  Virgil  observes 
that  yews  love  a  northern  and  cold  situation ;  but  in  this  «> 
country  they  thrive  best  in  one  warm  and  sheltered,  ^ 
provided  it  hath  sufficient  moisture ;  which  should  seem 
to  show  that  they  are  with  us  in  a  climate  colder  than 
their  own." 

In  another  paper,  1787  (p.  313.),  in  reply  to 
some  remarks  on  this  question,  he  added  : 

"  Having  spent  my  early  days  on  chalky  downs,  I  had 
many  opportunities  of  observing  various  collections  of 
yew  trees,  which  I  think  have  more  the  appearance  from 
situation  of  growing  naturally,  than  the  hat  3'our  corre- 
spondent mentions.  The  propensity,  now  so  general,  of 
planting  the  tops  of  hills  cannot  be  supposed  to  be  con- 
fined to  the  present  age ;  and  I  have  already  given  rea- 
sons why  our  ancestors  were  so  peculiarly  solicitous  to 
cultivate  this  tree.  From  what  I  have  seen  of  the  naked 
part  of  the  kingdom  around  Salisbury,  it  hath  evidently 
been  much  more  populous  than  at  present :  for  the  widest 
plains  show  in  most  places  manifest  appearance  of  tillage, 
and  in  many  marks  of  inclosures.  The  devastations 
caused  by  the  destructive  contest  of  the  Two  Roses  must 
also  have  left  deserts  round  many  plantations  in  all  parts 
of  the  kingdom.  So  that  this  hat,  and  many  venerable 
groups,  now  distant  from  modern  gardens  and  cultivation, 
may  be  the  remaining  vestiges  of  ancient  industry.  Not 
many  miles  from  Guildford,  a  great  number  of  j'ew  treas, 
of  some  former  century,  are  growing  on  so  rude  a  waste, 
that,  had  they  not  stood  in  straight  lines,  it  would  be 
difficult  to  persuade  many  that  they  were  placed  there  by 
the  hands  of  man." 

Seventy  years  since,  thus  wrote  my  grand- 
father on  this  then  disputed  question.  I  sliould 
have  more  respect  for  our  modern  writers,  if  they 
had  taken  more  pains  to  have  settled  these  ques- 
tions, instead  of  servilely  copying  and  taking  for 
granted  what  they  happen  to  find  written.  My 
belief  is  the  yew  was  introduced  with  Christianity, 
and  one  at  least  was  planted  in  every  churchyard, 


216 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  NO  37.,  Sppt.  13.  '56. 


for  reason^  I  Uaye  given  in  a  former  number  of 
"N.  &  Q."  I  doubt  it  ever  having  been  culti- 
vated expressly  for  archery,  although  I  have  no 
doubt  it  was  used,  when  found  growing  wild,  for 
this  purpose.  But  its  extreme  slowness  of  growth 
would  have,  I  think,  prevented  its  being  planted 
for  this  use.  Superstitious  or  religious  uses  were, 
I  fancy,  more  likely  to  have  caused  it  to  be  planted 
on  hill-tops,  or  perhaps  it  was  chosen,  from  its 
longevity,  as  well  suited  for  a  land-mark. 

One  other  Query  may  as  well  be  started  about 
the  yew,  —  Is  it  poisonous  to  cattle  ?  Much  may 
be  said  on  both  sides  ;  but  I  can  say  that  at  times 
it  certainly  is.     Probatum  est. 

Let  me  add,  that  the  quotations  above  given 
are  by  a  brother  of  Gilbert  White,  who  not  only 
persuaded  him  to  publish,  but  largely  himself  con- 
tributed to,  the  Natural  History  of  Selborne. 

A.  Holt  White. 

Southend. 


UepICeS  to  ifiCnor  ^uerteS. 

Shere  Thursday  (2"'^  S.  ii.  194.)  —In  that  rare 
work  the  Liber  Festivalis^  Caxton,  148-3,  I  find 
the  fi)llowing  reason  why  the  Thursday  in  Passion- 
Week  was  called  "  Sherethursday." 

"  It  is  also  in  Englysshe  called  sherthoursday  for  in 
olde  fa.lers  dayes  the  people  wolde  that  daye  shere  theyr 
hedes  and  clyppe  theyr  berdes  and  polle  theyr  Ijedes,  *nd 
so  -.palce  theym  honest  ayenst  Ester  day.     ..... 

Thenne  as  Johan  Bellet  saycth,  on  shertliursday  a  man 
sholde  do  polle  hjs  here  and  elyppe  his  berde,  and  a  preest 
sholde  shaue  his  cro\yne  soo  that  there  sholde  nptjiynge 
be  by  twene  god  and  hym.  For  heres  come  of  vej'nes 
and  of  humours  of  the  stomake,  and  they  sholde  pare 
theyr  nayles  of  hpndes  and  feet  that  cometh  of  super- 
fluyte  of  the  fylthe  with  oute  forth,  and  thenne  shryue 
t'.'ovTi,  and  make  them  clene  within  his  soule  as  with- 
out." 

HpNRY  KE^iSINGTON. 

Smith's  "  History  of  Kerry  "  (2"'^  S.  ii.  27.)  — 
I  have  three  copies  of  this  work,  now  very  scarce. 
Two  of  the  copies  are  old  and  dilapidated,  evi- 
dently from  use.  The  other  copy  is  in  perfect 
condition,  beautifully  bound,  uniform  with  Smith's 
Histories  also  of  Cork,  t\yo  vols.,  and  Waterford, 
one  vol.,  which  I  have.  The  title-pages  of  my 
three  Histories  of  Kerry  are  alike,  the  same  as 
that  first  mentioned  by  R.  H.  There  is  no  por- 
trait of  Smith,  nor  does  it  appear  to  have  been 
removed ;  one  of  my  old  copies  only  has  a  map  of 
the  county.  My  impression  is,  that  there  was 
never  more  than  one  edition  of  Smith's  History  of 
Kerry  printed.  I  had  this  from  a  gentleman 
whose  father  knew  Smith,  and  entertained  him  at 
his  house  in  Kerry.  There  is  no  "  M.D."  after 
Smith's  name  in  any  of  my  copies,  and  I  have  two 
copies  also  of  his  Waterfoi-^,  I  have  seen  Smith's 
portrait  several  times,  but  I  cannot  at  this  mo- 
ment state  accurately  that  I  saw  it  in  any  of  his 


works.  I  think  the  second  title-page,  to  which 
R.  H.  refers,  was  supplied  by  some  bookseller  to 
perfect  his  copies ;  an  epitome  of  the  original 
title-page,  but  no  date.  Smith  was  somewhat  of 
a  notable  m  those  days ;  his  portrait  was  engraved, 
and  no  doubt  readily  added  to  such  volumes  as 
came  into  a  bookseller's  hands.  The  date  in  the 
History  of  Cork  is  1750,  in  Waterford  1756.  1 
am  partially  certain  I  have  a  copy  of  Smith's  por- 
trait among  some  old  papers :  the  print  is  quite 
familiar  to  me.  Simon  Wajid. 

The  last  Gibbet  in  England  (2"'^  S.  i.  351.)  — 
It  is  stated  that  "  the  last  gibbet  erected  in  Eng- 
land was  demolished  by  the  workmen  employed 
in  making  the  extensive  docks  for  the  North- 
Eastern  Railway  Company,  upon  Jarrow  Stoke, 
on  the  Tyne."  This  statement  is  not  quite  cor- 
rect. At  the  corner, of  Ditchling  Common,  in 
Sussex,  near  to  the  turnpike-road  which  leads 
from  Ditchling  to  Lindfield,  there  still  remains  a 
piece  of  an  old  gibbet,  and  a  very  unpleasant 
looking  log  of  wood  it  is,  known  by  the  name  of 
"  Jacob's  Post ; "  that  being^e  name  of  the  man, 
a  Jew,  who  committed  a  vejy  barbarous  murder 
near  to  the  spot,  and  yras  hanged  in  chains  there 
in  1734. 

The  Jew,  Jacob,  having  put  up  his. horse  at  the 
public-house  close  by,  attacked  his  liost,  a  person 
named  Miles,  whilst  he  was  engaged  in  cleaning 
his  horse,  and  cut  his  throat.  In  the  same  way 
he  destroyed  the  servant-maid,  who,  it  is  suppose^, 
had  been  disturbed  by  the  noise  in  the  stable,  an4 
was  descending  the  staircase  to  see  what  was  the 
matter.  He  then  went  upstairs  and  cut  the  throat 
of  poor  Miles's  wife,  who  was  lying  on  a  sick  bed. 

Some  very  rude  verses,  still  preserved  in  the 
neighbourhood,  of  which  I  send  you  a  few  spe- 
cimens, record  the  circumstances  of  this  frightful 
massacre : 

"  In  the  mean  time,  the  poor  distressed  maid 
Had  got  away,  for  so  the  neighbours  sajd, 
He,  missing  her,  into  the  stable  ran, 
And  looked  about,  but  could  not  find  her  then. 
He  thought  that  there  was  no  time  to  delay, 
But  took  his  horse  with  speed  and  rode  away. 
The  women  both  that  night  this  world  forsook, 
But  Miles  did  live  until  the  wretch  was  took. 

At  Horsham  Gallows  he  was  hanged  there, 

The  31st  of  August  that  same  j'ear. 

And  where  he  did  the  crime,  they  took  the  pains 

To  bring  him  back,  and  hang  him  up  in  chains. 

It  is  a  dismal  sight  for  to  behold, 

Enough  to  make  a  heart  of  stone  run  cold." 

R.  W.  B. 

Lord  George  Gordon's  Riots  (2"'^  S.  i.  287.  518. ; 
ii.  156.)  —  1  am  in  possession  of  the  Morning 
Chronicle  and  London  Advertiser  for  1780,  and 
have  examined  with  some  little  care  the  papers 
for  June,  July,  and  August  of  that  year.  I  find 
that  one  hundred  and  thirty-four  persons  were 


2°.<  S.  No  87.,  Sept.  13.  '66.] 


^OTES  AND  QUKRIES. 


21T 


tried  as  participators  in  the  No-popery  riots,  of 
whom  fifty-eight  wei'e  found  guilty,  and  ,of  these 
only  twenty-five  were  executed.  Nine  of  the 
rioters  brought  to  trial  were  women,  viz. : 

Mary  Roberts,  and  Charlotte  Gardiner  (a 
negro  girl),  tried  July  4,  and  executed  July  11, 
on  Tower  Hill. 

Letitia  Holland,  tried  July  6,  and  convicted. 
She  was  ordered  for  execution  by  "  His  Majesty 
in  Council,"  on  July  14,  but  respited  on  July  2.3. 

Sarah  Harwell,  Elizabeth  Harwell,  and  Judith 
Swiney,  tried  July  11,  and  acquitted. 

Mary  Cook  and  Susannah  Howard,  tried  July 
12,  and  Elizabeth  Collins,  tried  July  13,  were  all 
convicted.  Howard,  however,  was  respited  on 
July  .30.  Cook  and  Collins  were  executed  on 
August  9,  in  Saint  George's  Fields. 

None  of  the  rioters  underwent  their  sentence 
at  Tyburn.  It  is  therefore  clear  that  Mr.  Rogers's 
impression  of  seeing  "  a  whole  cartful  of  young 
girls,  in  dresses  of  various  colours,  on  their  way 
to  be  executed  at  Tyburn,"  is  incorrect. 

I  may  perhaps  be  permitted  to  remark  that 
Mr.  Dickens  must  have  been  a  diligent  reader  of 
the  Morning  Chronicle  for  1780.  It  is  surprising 
to  find  in  the  newspapers  so  many  of  the  incidents 
and  names  which  appear  in  Bariiahy  Rudge.  Even 
the  raven  is  historical.  Robert  S.  Salmon. 

Newcastle-on-Tyne. 

Colonel  John  Duncomhe  (2°'^  S.  ii.  157.)  — I 
am  much  obliged  to  your  correspondent  Juverna, 
but  I  think  he  is  mistaken  in  some  of  his  dates. 
John  Dimcombe  appears  by  the  Records  of  the 
War  Office  "  to  have  entered  the  army  in  1700, 
to  have  been  promoted  to  be  a  captain  in  1702, 
and  to  have  been  appointed  to  a  company  in  the 
1st  Foot  Guards  on  the  2nd  of  October,  1715." 

I  have  taken  some  trouble  to  ascertain  who  he 
was,  but  unsuccessfully.  In  the  inscription  on 
his  wife  Susannah's  tomb  he  is  spoken  of  as  the 
Hon.  Col.  John  Duncombe,  and  in  his  will  he  so 
stylos  himself;  in  Pearch's  Collection  of  Poems  he 
is  also  so  described ;  yet  he  was  not  a  son  of 
Anthony,  Lord  Feversham,  tiie  only  peer  of  the 
name  of  Duncombe  in  the  last  century,  or  the 
one  which  preceded  it,  and  he  is  moreover  styled 
Honourable  before  1747,  when  the  Feversham 
peerage  was  created.  He  stated  of  himself  that  he 
was  page  to  James  If.  when  the  latter  was  Duke  of 
York,  and  also  that  he  was  wounded  in  the  leg  at 
the  siege  of  Lille  ;  he  was  on  intimate  terms  with 
the  second  Duke  of  Marlborough,  whose  bond  he 
held  for  12,000Z.,  and  he  devised  to  his  daughter 
estates  at  Marston-Moreton,  co.  Beds,  where  the 
Duncombes  long  had  been  possessed  of  lands,  and 
the  manor  of  which  had  been  the  property  of 
Sarah  Duchess  of  Marlborough,  devised  by  her 
to  her  grandson  the  Hon.  John  Spencer,  unjcle  of 
the  second  Duke  of  Marlborough, 


Colonel  Dupcorobe's  daughter  appears  to  have 
married  Colonel  Rowland  Reynold  (Cql.  3rd  Foot 
Guards,  June  9,  1743),  and  their  daughter  and 
heir  to  have  married  Admiral  Sir  Robert  Har- 
land,  Bart. 

I  presume  an  heiress  of  the  Duncombe  family 
married  some  peer's  son,  who  thereupon  took  the 
name  of  Duncombe.  On  these  data  can  any  of 
your  readers  assist  me  ?  Jambs  Knowles. 

Parish  Jiegisters  (2"'»  S.  ii.  66.  151.)  — The 
subject  of  parish  registers,  and  especially  some 
with  which  I  am  acquainted,  has  been  anxiously 
impressed  upon  my  mind.  I  began  at  one  time  to 
make  a  transcript  of  the  registers  in  my  possession 
in  this  manner.  ^  had  several  sheets  of  foolscap 
paper  headed  with  each  year;  the  baptisms,  mar- 
riages, and  burials,  being  kept  in  separate  batches. 
I  then  began  copying  each  entry  as  it  appeared,  in 
the  original  tattered  pages,  with  their  defects.  I 
kept  a  margin  of  an  inch  wide  on  the  left  hand 
side  of  each  page,  on  vsrhich  afterwards  to  write  the 
date  of  each  entry,  so  that  it  might  be  the  more  con- 
spicuous. I  intended  then  to  copy  these  sheets 
into  large  books,  placing  each  entry  in  chronolo- 
gical order  ;  to  keep  this  order  the  more  easily 
was  the  chief  use  of  adding  the  dates  on  the 
margin.  A  pressure  of  time  and  public  duty  pre- 
vented my  completing  the  work ;  but  I  live  in 
hopes  of  doing  so.  The  copies  I  intended  for  re- 
ference, and  to  give  rest  to  the  poor  tattered 
leaves,  except  when  required  for  legal  evidence. 
What  a  mass  of  curious  entries  and  valuable  in- 
formation would  be  thus  brought  to  light ;  nx) 
doubt  many  to  find  their  way  into  the  pages  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  Simon  Ward. 

I  rejoice  that  your  correspondents  still  keep  alive 
the  question  of  parish  registers  and  other  eccle- 
siastical records.  My  own  experience  corresponds 
with  that  of  Mb.  Edward  Peacock,  as  to  the  fact 
that,  in  some  parishes,  the  registers  have  been 
but  imperfectly  kept,  whilst  in  others  (as  in  iny 
own)  they  have  not  been  kept  at  all,  but  have 
h£jd  the  in  luck  to  be  burnt  or  otherwise  de.- 
stroyed.  And  although  the  occasional  loss  of  tlje 
registers  of  a  small  parish  might  be  a  matter  of 
no  great  moment,  supposing  the  transcripts  in  the 
diocesan  registry  were  more  ejisily  accessible  than 
they  are,  and  as  well  kept  and  catalogued  as  they 
ought  to  be,  yet,  if  we  may  take  Mr.  Peacock-'s 
account  of  the  episcopal  registries  of  one  diocese 
as  a  sample  of  the  whole,  it  is  evident  that,  in 
many  cases,  the  loss  might  not  easily  be  repaired. 
The.  difficulty  with  regard  to  diocesan  records 
seems  to  be,  that  those  who  have  the  custody  of 
them  have  no  leisure  for  perusing,  arranging,  and 
cataloguing  them  ;  and  probably  there  is  no  fund 
out  of  which  a  qualified  officer  could  be  paid  to 
look  after  them,  so  as  to  render  them  accessible 
to  the  public.     Consequently  not  only  parochial 


218 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[;2nd  s.  No  37.,  Sept.  13.  '56. 


registers,  but  many  valuable  historical  documents, 
may  be  supposed  to  slumber  in  the  dust  of  ages 
totally  forgotten,  or  perhaps  never  heard  of  in 
this  generation. 

The  difficulty  appears  to  be  partly  one  of  ex- 
pense ;  but  might  not  this  be  got  over  by  the  in- 
troduction of  gratuitous  labour  ?  I  imngine  that, 
in  every  diocese,  clergymen  might  be  found  having 
small  parochial  charges,  who  would  willingly  de- 
vote a  portion  of  their  time  to  the  arrangement 
and  cataloguing  of  these  valuable  documents,  and 
who  would  think  themselves  well  paid  for  their 
trouble  by  the  historical  fads  and  information 
with  reference  to  early  synods,  and  many  inter- 
esting matters  which  would  be  likely  to  turn  up 
from  time  to  time  among  the  more  ancient  muni- 
ments. J.  Sansom. 

Parochial  Libraries  (2"'^  S.  i.  549.)  — At  St. 
Peter's  church,  now  used  as  the  national  school- 
room, at  Maldon,  Essex,  there  is  a  public  library, 
founded  by  Dr.  Plume,  containing  some  scarce 
theological  works,  and  under  the  management  of 
twelve  trustees.  J.  Q.  Ebff. 

Old  Boswell  Court. 

The  Fifth  Crusade  (2°^  S.  ii.  149.)  —  Your 
correspondent  M.  E.  J.  will  find  on  reference  to 
any  of  the  best  works  on  the  Crusades  that  the 
fifth  Crusade  was  undertaken  in  the  pontificate  of 
Honorius  III.  (a.d.  1217.)  Its  leaders  were  John 
of  Brienne,  titular  King  of  Jerusalem,  and  An- 
drew II.,  King  of  Hungary.  Andrew  was  soon 
recalled  to  his  kingdom  by  the  revolt  of  his  mag- 
nates. John  of  Brienne  took  Damietta.  There 
is  no  history  of  the  Crusades  in  English.  Mill's 
work  does  not  deserve  the  name,  and  Keightley's 
is  still  more  unworthy  of  notice.  The  best  books 
on  the  subject  are  one  in  German  by  Wilken, 
and  the  great  work  of  Michaud,  which  should  be 
read  in  conjunction  with  the  Bibliotheque  des 
Croisades  collected  and  edited  by  the  same  writer. 
Guizot's  valuable  collection  of  memoirs  relating 
to  the  Crusades  deserves  attentive  study,  as  also 
the  ponderous  volume  by  Bongars  entitled  Oesta 
Dei  per  Francos.  W.  H.  M. 

Arnold  of  Westminster  (2"^  S.  ii.  110.  160.) 
—  John  Arnold,  Esq.,  was  twice  elected  member 
of  parliament  for  South wark,  viz.  in  1688  and 
1690.  He  was  a  Whig,  and  was  returned  in  1688 
at  the  head  of  the  poll,  the  numbers  being,  — 
For  Mr.  Arnold  ...    2130 

Sir  Peter  Rich      ...    1677 
Mr.  Smith  ...     1526 

Mr.  Bowyer  .  -  _    136O. 

There  was  a  petition  against  this  election,  but  Sir 
Peter  Rich  and  Mr.  Arnold  were  declared  duly 
elected. 

There  was  also  a  petition  against  his  return  in 
1690,  on  the  ground  of  a  riot  and  disturbance  at 


the  election,  but  he  seems  to  have  kept  his  seat 
until  1695. 

He  was  most  probably  a  brewer,  as  he  was  suc- 
ceeded by  Sir  Charles  Cox,  who  was  a  brewer, 
and  resided  at  Hay's  Wharf,  where  Alderman 
Humphery  is  making  his  new  dock.  G.  11.  C. 

Morgan  O'Doherty  (P'  S.  x.  96.  150.,  &c.  ; 
2°''  S.  ii.  58.)  —  I  am  surprised  that  no  one  of  the 
many  who  ought  to  be  able  to  speak  authorita- 
tively on  the  subject  has  §ettled  the  question  as 
to  the  identity  of  "  Morgan  O'Doherty  "  with  the 
late  Dr.  Maginn.  I  am  not  at  all  inclined  to 
agree  with  your  correspondent  S.,  who  summarily 
assumes  that  Capt.  Hamilton,  and  not  Maginn, 
was  the  original  "  Standard-bearer."  I  have 
never  had  a  doubt  about  the  matter  myself,  and 
though  unable  to  offer  any  direct  evidence  in 
favour  of  Maginn,  I  am  confident  that  he,  and  he 
alone,  was  the  "  Sir  Morgan  O'Doherty,"  the 
"  Ensign  "  and  the  "  Standard-bearer  "  of  Black- 
wood and  Fraser.  Apart  from  the  authority  of 
Dr.  Moir,  in  the  Dublin  University  Magazine  for 
January,  1844,  of  Fraser  (vol.  iii.),  and  of  Pro- 
fessor Ferrier,  in  his  new  edition  of  the  Nodes 
Ambrosiance  (vol.  i.  p.  33.),  the  internal  evidence 
alone  is  sufficient  to  stamp  Maginn  as  the  original 
and  true  "  Standard-bearer,"  and  author  of  all 
the  various  articles,  squibs,  and  songs,  ascribed  to 
Morgan. O'Doherty.  One  work,  at  least,  which 
originally  appeared  under  that  signature  in  Fra- 
ser's  Magazine,  —  "Homeric  Ballads,"  —  has 
since  been  published  with  Maginn's  name  in  full, 
as  the  author.  The  ripe  scholarship,  the  rich 
humour,  the  exuberant  wit,  and  the  jovial,  rol- 
licking spirit  which  mark  the  works  of  "  Morgan 
O'Doherty"  are  peculiarly  the  qualities  which 
made  Dr.  Maginn  famous  as  the  prince  of  maga- 
zine writers.  As  for  Captain  Hamilton,  I  have 
never  till  now  heard  that  he  was  ever  charged 
with  any  brilliancy  of  wit  or  depth  of  learning. 

H.  E.  W. 

York. 

Tale  wanted  (2"'^  S.  ii.  11.)  — Mrs.  Opie's  tale  of 
Suspicious  Circumstances  so  truly  answers  the 
conditions  of  a.  /S.'s  inquiry,  that  I  have  no  doubt 
that  it  is  the  one  inquired  after.       R.  W.  Dixon. 

Seaton  Carew.  co.  Durham. 

Queries  on  a  Tour  (2"'*  S.  i.  470.)  —  Referring 
to  Mb.  Boase's  fourth  Query  respecting  the  Turk- 
ish inscription  at  Buda,  which  when  there  I  did 
not  see,  I  would  ask  him  if  the  celebrated  sources 
d'eaux  are  still  in  existence,  concerning  which 
La  Martiniere  says : 

"  11  y  a  des  sources  d'eaux  chaudes,  qui  y  donnent  la 
delicieuse  commodity  des  bains.  II  y  a  de  ces  sources 
dont  I'eau  est  si  chaude  que  I'oa  y  cuit  des  oeufs  en  moins 
de  temps  qu'il  n'en  faut  pour  les  cuire  dans  de  I'eau  qui 
seroit  sur  un  feu  clair ;  et  comrae  si  la  nature  avoit  voulu 
temperer  ces  eaux,  elley  ajoiut  une  source  d'eau  trhs- 


2nd  s.  No  37.,  Sept.  13.  '5G.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


219 


froide ;  elles  sont  si  peu  eloign^es  I'une  de  I'autre  qu'un 
meme  homme  peut  en  mesme  temps  remplir  deux 
cruches,  I'une  d'eau  chaude  et  I'autre  d'eau  froide ;  mais 
ce  qui  surprend  le  plus,  c'est  de  voir  des  poissons  vivans 
nager  au  fond  de  cette  eau  bouillante,  d'oii  il  ne  paroit 
pas  possible  de  les  pouvoir  tirer  autrement  que  cuits."  — 
Reference  to  Wagenseil,  Synops,  Geo.,  p.  653. 

R.  S.  Chabnock. 
Gray's  Inn. 

Common  Place  Books  (1"  S.  xii.  478. ;  2°''  S.  i. 
486.)  —  Your  correspondent  F.  C.  H.  will  find  an 
excellent  common-place  book,  paged  and  ruled, 
■with  index,  and  with  a  short  printed  instruction 
for  use,  published  in  1820,  entitled  an  Aid  to 
Memory,  by  J.  A.  Sargent ;  sold  by  Wetton  & 
Jervis,  publishers  and  stationers,  Paternoster  Row. 
It  is  a  thick  quarto,  and  contains  574  pages,  and 
has  a  brass  lock.  I  purchased  mine  in  1823,  and 
have  found  it  of  the  greatest  use.        W.  Colltns. 

Coffer  (2'">  S.  ii.  69.)  —  If  Socius  Dunelm  will 
refer  to  AVeale's  excellent  Dictionary  of  Terms  in 
Ai'cMtecture,  Sfc,  he  will  find  that  one  meaning  of 
coffer  is  "  a  deep  panel  in  a  ceiling,"  and  will  pro- 
bably be  satisfied  with  the  explanation  thus 
afforded  of  the  passage  quoted  by  him.  Jeastes 
of  course  means  joists  or  beams.  M.  H.  R. 

Merry  England  (2"<>  S.  ii.  3.)  —  Let  me  call 
Mr.  Keightley's  attention  to  the  following*  note 
to  Jiiniieson's  Kcempe  Viser  (I  quote  from  the 
note  to  canto  iv.  of  Scott's  Lady  of  the  Lake)  : 

"Jl/erry  (Old  Teut.  mer«),  famous,  renowned;  answer- 
ing in  its  etymological  meaning  exactly  to  the  Latin 
inactus.  Hence  merry-men,  as  the  address  of  a  chief  to  his 
followers,  meaning  not  men  of  mirth  but  of  renown.  The 
term  is  found  in  its  original  sense  in  the  Gael,  mara,  and 
the  Welsh  mnwr,  great ;  and  in  the  oldest  Teut.  romances, 
mar,  mer,  and  mere,  have  sometimes  the  same  significa- 
tion." 

E.  G.  R. 

Pence  a  piece  (2"-^  S.  ii.  66.  99.  118.)  —  Evelyn 
in  his  Acetaria,  says  of  artichokes  : 

"  'Tis  not  very  long  since  this  noble  thistle  came  first 
into  Italy,  improv'd  to  this  magnitude  \>y  culture ;  and 
so  rare  in  England  that  they  were  commonly  sold  for 
crowns  a  piece." —  Evelyn's  Misc.  Writ'mgs,  by  William 
Upcott.    4to.     Lond.,  1825.  p.  735. 

Zeus. 

BothwelVs  last  Place  of  Confinement  (2"''  S.  ii. 
141.)  —  See  Pieces  et  Documents  relatifs  au  Comte 
de  Bothwell,  privately  printed  by  Prince  Lebanoff, 
St.  Petersburg,  1856,  royal  8vo. ;  and  relative 
Notice  sur  la  Collection  des  Portraits  de  Marie 
Stuart  appartenant  au  Prince  Alexandre  Lebanoff, 
also  privately  printed  in  royal  8vo.,  same  place 
and  date.  These  may,  perhaps,  be  obtained  from 
Mr.  Dolman,  61.  New  Bond  Street.  M.  L. 

''Think  of  me''  (2">»  S.  ii.  109.)  — Although 
unable   to  inform   X.  H.    where  the  poem  may 


be  found,  I  can,  I  think,  assign  the  date  of  its 
first  publication  as  1828-29,  from  the  following 
circumstance.  The  late  Thomas  Hood  com- 
menced the  publication  of  his  Comic  Annuals  in 
1830,  and  the  first  of  them  (written  in  1829)  con- 
tains many  parodies  on  songs  and  poems  which 
were  then  popular.  One  of  these  parodies  is 
headed  "  Lines  to  a  Lady,  on  her  Departure  for 
India,"  and  consists  often  verses,  of  which  I  send 
the  first,  the  similarity  of  which  to  the  verse  sent 
by  X.  H.  is  apparent : 

"  Go  where  the  waves  run  rather  Holborn-hilly, 
And  tempests  make  a  soda-water  sea ; 
Almost  as  rough  as  our  own  Piccadilly, 
And  think  of  me!" 

JUVERNA. 

The  lines  in  question  will  be  found  in  a  volume 
entitled  The  Garden  of  Florence ;  and  other 
Poems,  by  John  Hamilton  (a  writer  who  deserves 
to  be  better  known),  published  by  John  Warren, 
Old  Bond  Street,  London,  in  1821. 

H.  E.  Carbington. 

Bath. 

Posies  on  simple  heavy  Gold  Rings  (2"^  S.  ii. 
58.)  —  The  following  additions  to  the  collection 
already  preserved  in  your  pages  have  been  made 
since  my  communication. 

1.  "  Joye  sans  cesse.  —  B.  L." 

2.  "  Loue  alway,  by  night  and  day." 

3.  "  Filz  ou  fille.  —  Anthonj'  Bacon,  1596." 

4.  "  To  enjoy  is  to  obey." 

5.  "  Loue  for  Loue." 

6.  "  Post  spinas  palma." 

7.  "  Liue  to  loue,  loue  to  Hue." 

8.  «  All  for  all." 

9.  "  Mutuall  forbearance.  — 1742." 

10.  "  In  loue's  delight,  spend  day  and  night." 

11.  "  Love's  sweetest  proofe." 

12.  "  En  bon  foye." 

13.  "  Truth  trieth  Troth." 

14.  "  Beare  and  forbeare." 

15.  "  Lett  nuptiall  joye,  our  time  employe." 

E.  D. 

Husbands  authorized  to  beat  their  Wives  (2"''  S. 
ii.  108.)  —  Your  correspondent  Henpecked  may 
be  informed  that,  according  to  Blackstone,  the 
power  of  moderately  correcting  the  wife,  by  the 
old  common  law,  belonged  to  the  husband.  The 
civil  law  allowed  him  for  some  misdemeanours, 
flagellis  et  fustibus  acriter  verberare  uxorem, 
for  others  only  modicam  castigationem  adhibere. 
This  right  began  to  be  doubted  in  the  reign  of 
Charles  II.,  and  latterly  fell  into  disuse,  except 
among  "  the  lower  rank  of  people,  who  still  claim 
and  exert  their  ancient  privilege."  I  am  sorry  to 
say  that  the  same  class  in  our  day  show  as  much 
fondness  for  their  ancient  privilege  as  in  Black- 
stone's.  This  information,  given  almost  exactly 
in  Blackstone's  words,  may  be  found  in  Commen- 
taries, vol.  i.  p.  444.,  London,  1836,  ed.  Hovenden. 

Ebalc  Lahii. 


220 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  37.,  Sept.  13.  '56. 


Preseiithnejiis  of  Death  (2"^  S.  ii.  149.)  —  I  hope 
that  none  of  your  "  numerous  readers  "  will  think 
it  worth  while  to  reply  to  the  requisition  of  R.  ; 
and  I  trust  that,  if  any  do,  you  will  not  insert 
their  communications.  No  other  effect  can  be 
produced  by  them  than  the  excitement  of  morbid 
Sensibilities ;  without  one  grain  of  utility  to  thfe 
inquirer  into  natural  phenomena,  or  even  a  profit- 
able suggestion  to  the  moral  instructor.  E.'s  own 
language  shows  how  useless  would  be  the  investi- 
gation, for  he  says  that  some  entered  the  field 
with  presentiments  that  were  fulfilled,  and  some 
that  were  falsified ;  while  others,  who  had  no  pre- 
sentiments at  all,  met  their  deaths  notwithstanding. 
The  latter,  of  course,  comprehended  the  thought- 
less and  indifferent;  the  former,  such  as  from 
religious  and  considerate  feelings  prepared  for 
what  was  very  likely  to  be  the  iate  of  any  who 
entered  into  the  fearful  strife.  I  am  sure  that 
most  of  your  "  numerous  readers  "  will  feel  that 
this  is  not  a  subject  for  "  N.  &  Q."  D.  S. 

Device  of  a  Star  and  a  Crescent  on  Seals  (2"'^  S. 
ii.  89.) — The  devices  of  sun,  moon,  and  star, 
whatever  may  be  the  allusion,  are  not  confined  to 
ecclesiastical  seals.  The  following  are  examples 
to  which  I  can  immediately  refer  :  — 

Southwark  Priory  :  Sun  and  moon. 

Abbey  of  Tavistock :  Sun  and  moon. 

Borough  of  Ashburton  :  Sun  and  riiooh. 

Corporation  of  Exeter:  Sun,  moon,  and  star. 

Common  seal  of  Lyme-Regis  :  Sun,  moon,  and 
star.  J.  D.  S. 

Bottles  filled  by  Pressure  of  the  Sea  (2"''  S.  i. 
493. ;  ii.  114.)  — Mr.  Woodman  has  obliged  me 
by  his  communication.  The  question  "  how  does 
the  water  enter  the  bottle  "  seems,  however,  to  be 
yet  suhjudice. 

Several  mariners  have  presented  me  with  bottles 
filled  in  the  manner  indicated  by  the  statement  of 
Captain  Spowart :  in  each  the  wax  covering  the 
cork  and  mouth  of  the  bottle  remained  unbroken. 
Gold  has  been  proved  by  the  Florentine  Academi- 
cians to  be  pervious  to  water.  Has  water  by  any 
experiments  been  squeezed  through  glass  ?  It 
has  occurred  to  me  that  if  hollow  globes  could  be 
so  graduated  as  to  be  filled  at  depths  of  100,  200, 
1000,  2000  fathoms,  &c.,  the  mariner  could  in 
deep  sea  soundings  ascertain  upon  hauling  in  the 
sounding  line  whether  it  had  been  affected  by 
currents,  on  observing  how  many  of  the  globes 
attached  to  the  lead  were  filled.  Perhaps  Maury 
may  induce  some  captain  to  fill  one  column  more 
of  his  abstract  log  with  observations  on  the  sub- 
ject. John  Husband. 

Berwick. 

Names  of  the  Days  of  the  Week  (2"'^  S.  ii.  133.) 
s^  If  your  correspondent  B.,  who  asks  for  the  name 


of  the  heathen  deity,  &c.  to  which  each  day  was 
dedicated,  would  only  refer  to  the  first  vol.  of  Ctavis 
Calendaria^  from  pp.  100.  to  131.  he  will  find  some 
interesting  information  on  the  subject;  as  well  as 
a  table  exhibiting  the  presumed  superintending  in- 
fluence of  the  planets  over  the  twenty-four  hours 
of  the  day,  or  Nychthemeron,  throughout  the 
week.  B_  g^ 


MiitiUnrntsiii, 
BOPKS     AND     ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    PURCHASE. 

Hv;mni  EcctEsi^  E  Bkkviariis  Rom,  Sahisb.,  etc.    Oxford,  183S.    Two 
Copies. 


R  Bhev.  PARistENsi.    Oxford,  1838.    Two  Copies. 


Geokge  Whitefield'*  Works.    7  Vols.    8vo.    1771. 

*««  Letters,  stating  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carriage  free,  to  be 

^ArrJ^S-,^^^f,'^t.^^Y-  K  D^'-"^.  Publishers  of  "  ifOTES  AND 
QUERIES,"  180.  Fleet  Street. 

Particulars  of  Price,  ic.  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose  : 

Geohoe  Petteb's  CoMMENTARy  ON  St.  Mark's  Gospel.    Two  Volumcs. 
folio.    1662. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  J.  C.  RyU,  Helmingham  Rectory,  Stonham,  Suffolk. 


CuviER  s  AiviMAL  Kingdom,  By  Latreille.    1834.    Nos.  1.  3.  4.  23.  33. 

Macreioht's  Manual  of  British  BoTANy. 

Bentham's  Works.     1840.    Parts  XV.  XVI.  XVIII. 

Granger  on  Spinal  Cord. 

Orav's  Supplement,  by  Redwood,  * 

Carpenter's  ZooLooy.    2  Vols. 

Capper's  Poems  on  Devon. 

Wadsworth's  Factors'  Guide. 

Alison's  Europe.    Vol.  X.  (of  the  Ten  Vol.  Edit.) 

Salter's  ScBiPToiiE  Illustration. 

Owen's  Homologies  of  Vertebrate  Skeleton. 

Wanted  by  Thomas  Kerslake,  Bristol. 


The  Secret  Revfaled  of  the  Authorship  op  the  Letters  of  Junius 
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Wanted  by  Rev.  G.  Jennings,  Elm  House,  Upper  HoUoway. 

Partrtdoe's  Opus. 

Smith's  Natural  Historv  op  Nevis  in  West  Indies.     1745. 

London  Labour  and  London  Poor. 

Clerov  I>ist.    1856. 

Claret's  Freemasonry. 

Wanted  by  Tliomas  Millard,  Bookseller,  70.  Newgate  Street. 


fiaXltti  ta  €ovvti^Q\\\itnli, 

Among  other  interesting  Papers  which  we  are  compelled  to  postfionc 
until  next  week  are  Mr.  Gairdner's  Note  On  the  Death  of  Clauencb 
—  Douceana,&c. 

The  numher  of  Replies  to  Minor  Queries  waiting  for  insertion 
obliges  us  also  to  postpone  our  usual  Notes  on  Books. 

Memor.  We  have  a  Letter  for  this  Correspondent.  Where  can  wo 
address  it  f 

T.  B.    There  is  No  CaAROBfor  tfie  Insertion  of  Queries. 
E.  H.  A.    The  Dries  on  Sleep  are  by  Thomas  Warton.    See  several 
translations  or  imitations  of  them  in  our  Ist  S.  x.  356.  412. 

J.  H.  On  the  origin  of  tlte  name  of  the  bird  called  Turkey,  see  1st  S. 
Vll.  550. 

R.  J.  Dr.  William  Smyth  was  Master  of  Clare  Hall  in  1598.  His 
predecessor  was  Dr.  Thomas  Binge. 

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pence  for  six  mtmths,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order,  drawn  in 
favour  of  the  Publisher,  Mr.  George  Bell,  No.  186.  Fleet  Street. 


2»a  S.  N"  88.,  Sept.  20.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


221 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  20. 1856. 


THE   DEATH    OF    CLARENCE. 

The  curious  and  well-known  story  of  the  Duke 
of  Clarence,  brother  to  Edward  IV.,  having  been 
drowned  in  a  butt  of  Malmsey  wine,  has  been  re- 
ceived with  considerable  scepticism  by  some  of 
our  historians ;  and  certainly  it  would  be  difficult 
to  conceive  a  fact  d  priori  more  improbable.  Cla- 
rence had  rebelled  against  his  brother  and  been 
forgiven ;  but  his  discontented  spirit  made  him 
again  obnoxious  to  Edward's  resentment,  and  he 
was  impeached  of  treason.  The  case  was  tried 
before  the  House  of  Lords,  and  Clarence  was 
condemned  to  death.  Edward  had  been  his  sole 
accuser;  but,  after  the  sentence  was  passed,  there 
appears  to  have  been  a  struggle  in  his  mind  be- 
tween the  offended  majesty  of  the  king  and  the 
natural  affection  of  the  brother,  and  some  time 
elapsed  before  the  law  was  allowed  to  take  its 
course.  At  last  the  Speaker  of  the  Commons 
went  up  to  the  House  of  Lords,  and  desired  that 
the  sentence  might  be  executed.  Edward  caused 
it  to  be  done  in  secret,  not  wishing  that  his  bro- 
ther should  suffer  the  ignominy  of  a  public  exe- 
cution. The  method  of  his  punishment  was  not 
made  known  ;  but  if  we  may  believe  the  chroni- 
clers, the  general  impression  of  the  time  was  that 
he  underwent  the  penalty  of  his  treason  by  being 
suffocated  in  a  cask  of  wine  ! 

The  only  contemporary,  or  nearly  contempo- 
rary, authorities  for  this  extraordinary  tale  are 
Fabyan  and  Comines  ;  but  their  testimony  would 
undoubtedly  have  been  held  amply  sufficient  to 
establish  anything  a  degree  more  credible.  Co- 
mines,  it  is  true,  was  a  foreigner  ;  and,  though  he 
appears  to  have  credited  the  story,  qualifies  his 
testimony  with  "comme  on  disoit."  But  Fabyan 
was  an  Englishman  and  a  Londoner,  and  had  no 
doubt  about  it  whatever.  "  The  Duke  of  Cla- 
rence," he  says,  "was  secretly  put  to  death  and 
drowned  in  a  barrel  of  Malvesye  within  the 
Tower."  Nor  is  there  any  contradictory  testi- 
mony; the  Continuator  of  the  Croyland  Chronicle 
only  says,  "  Factum  est  id,  qualecunque  erat, 
genus  supplicii,"  showing  that  he  himself  was  not 
acquainted  with  the  circumstances.  What,  then, 
are  we  to  think  of  the  affair  ?  Are  we  to  believe 
that  this  extraordinary  mode  of  punishment  was 
actually  had  recourse  to  ?  Or,  if  not,  are  we  to 
believe  that  it  was  the  general  opinion  of  the 
time  ?  The  report  must  have  spread  far  to  reach 
Comines,  and  must  have  appeared  to  him  to  rest 
on  tolerably  respectable  authority,  otherwise  so 
intelligent  a  historian  wouM  scarcely  have  men- 
tioned it  in  the  way  he  has  done.    However  extra- 


ordinary then  it  may  appear  to  us,  one  would 
think  the  nineteenth  century  ought  to  distrust  its 
judgment  of  a  fact  which  contemporaries  appear 
to  have  had  so  little  difficulty  in  believing. 

A  solution  of  this  riddle  has  occurred  to  me, 
the  value  of  which  I  leave  better  judges  to  de- 
cide. I  shall  be  happy  to  meet  with  anything 
confirmatory  of  my  theory ;  but  should  any  of 
your  correspondents  see  arguments  against  it, 
they  can  do  me  no  greater  favour  than  by  demo- 
lishing my  speculations.  Meanwhile  the  follow- 
ing remarks  may,  I  hope,  be  not  uninteresting. 

If  I  were  to  ask.  Did  they  kill  him  first  and 
drown  him  afterwards  ?  I  suppose  I  should  be 
considered  guilty  of  something  like  an  Irish  bull. 
Yet  this  is  exactly  what  is  implied,  if  the  expres- 
sion of  Fabyan  above  quoted  be  construed  strictly : 
"  The  Duke  of  Clarence  was  put  to  death,  and 
drowned  in  a  barrel  of  Malvesye."  Of  course  we 
must  not  look  for  a  rigid  adherence  to  grammar 
in  such  a  writer ;  but  if  it  can  be  satisfactorily 
made  out  that  the  word  "drown"  was  used  in  old 
English  authors  in  such  a  manner  that  it  would 
have  been  no  absurdity  to  talk  of  drowning  a  dead 
body,  then  Fabyan's  grammar  is  in  this  instance 
vindicated,  and  we  have  got  a  new  version  of  the 
death  of  Clarence. 

I  find  in  Shakspeare  two  instances  which  I 
think  go  some  way  to  prove  this.  The  first  is  in 
the  well-known  speech  of  Prospero  in  The  Tem- 
pest : 

"  I'll  break  my  staff, 
Bury  it  certain  fathoms  in  the  earth. 
And,  deeper  than  did  ever  plummet  sound, 
I'll  drown  my  book." 

Burying  and  drowning  here  appear  to  be  quite 
analogous  processes.  The  thing  that  is  to  be 
drowned  has  no  more  life  in  it  than  the  thing 
that  is  to  be  buried.  But  it  may  be  thought  that 
the  word  "  drown  "  is  here  used  by  poetic  licence, 
with  a  slight  departure  from  its  strict  signifi- 
cation. The  next  instance  is  plain  prose.  When 
Parolles,  in  AlVs  Well  that  Ends  Well,  having 
undertaken  to  recover  his  drum,  is  deliberating 
by  what  device  he  shall  excuse  himself  for  not 
accomplishing  his  task,  he  says  : 

"  I  would  the  cutting  of  my  garments  would  serve  my 
turn ;  or  the  breaking  of  my  Spanish  sword  ....  or,  to 
droion  my  clothes  and  say  I  was  stripped." 

If  inanimate  objects  could  be  "  drowned,"  why 
not  dead  bodies  ? 

I  am  the  more  inclined  to  this  theory  because 
it  explains  another  instance  —  the  only  other  in- 
stance I  know  of —  of  a  death  concerning  which 
there  was  a  similar  report.  In  a  certain  ballad  or 
rhyming  history  of  the  "  Ladye  Bessie,"  or  Prin- 
cess Elizabeth  of  York,  queen  of  Henry  VII.,  the 
heroine  alludes  to  the  murder  of  her  brothers, 
Edward  V.  and  the  Duke  of  York,  by  their  uncle 
Richard  III.,  in  these  words  : 


222 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nds.  NO  38.,  Sept.  20. '56. 


"  He  dyd  my  brethren  to  the  deathe  on  a  daye 

In  their  bed  where  they  did  lye. 

He  drowned  them  both  in  a pype  ofwyne" * 
I  can  see  no  way  of  reconciling  this  startling 
inconsistency  except  in  the  manner  in  which  I 
have  attempted  to  account  for  the  story  of  Cla- 
rence. And  it  is  remarkable  that  the  fate  of 
Clarence  and  the  fate  of  the  princes  were  alike 
shrouded  in  mystery.  The  body  of  Clarence  was 
never  shown  to  the  public,  and  nobody  knew  what 
ultimately  became  of  it ;  the  bodies  of  the  princes 
were  not  discovered  for  many  generations.  But 
the  world  is  never  content  to  remain  ignorant  of 
the  fate  of  those  who  have  once  been  prominently 
before  it ;  and  in  the  absence,  probably,  of  any 
certain  information  about  the  disposal  of  the 
bodies,  rumour  had  recourse  to  the  ingenious 
contrivance  of  a  wine  cask. 

Thus,  I  venture  to  think,  we  may  possibly 
divest  these  two  rumours  of  the  improbability 
connected  with  the  mode  of  death.  But  we  have 
still  to  consider  the  "drowning"  or  immersing  of 
the  bodies.  That  this  should  have  been  done  in 
wine,  either  in  the  case  of  Clarence  or  the  princes, 
appears  unlikely.  Immersion  in  wine  would,  no 
doubt,  have  preserved  the  bodies,  but  the  object, 
both  with  Edward  IV.  and  with  Richard  III., 
would  have  been  rather  to  annihilate  them,  or 
secrete  them  beyond  the  possibility  of  after-dis- 
covery. With  regard  to  the  bodies  of  Edward  V. 
and  his  brother,  Rastell  gives  a  story  which  most 
probably  obtained  currency  before  the  confession 
of  the  murderers,  that  they  were  carried  out  to 
sea,  and  there  sunk.  May  it  not  have  been  sup- 
posed that  they  were  committed  to  the  deep  in  a 
wine  cask  ?  The  idea  was  not  unnatural.  ^  A 
wine  cask  taken  out  to  sea  as  part  of  a  ship's 
cargo  would  create  no  suspicion.  A  wine  cask 
might  be  tossed  overboard  and  nobody  be  one 
whk  the  wiser.  To  this  fate  popular  rumour  may 
have  consigned  the  bodies  both  of  Clarence  and 
the  princes ;  and  it  seems  just  possible  that  Fa- 
byan  may  have  meant  no  more  when  he  said  that 
the  former  was  "  drowned  in  a  barrel  of  Malm- 
sey." 

I  know  not.  Indeed,  if  it  can  be  at  all  made  out 
that  in  mediaeval  English  "  a  pipe  of  wine,"  or  "  a 
barrel  of  Malmsey,"  ever  meant  the  vessel  without 
the  liquor  ;  but  I  may  remark  that  modern  gram- 
matical usage  differs  more  from  ancient  usage  in 
the  matter  of  prepositions  than  in  any  other  part 
of  speech.  Of  this  Home  Tooke  gives  an  instance 
from  the  old  play  of  the  Sad  Shepherd : 

"  Marian.  Come,  Amie,  you'll  go  with  us. 

Amie.  I  am  not  well. 

Lionel.  She's  sick  of  the  vong  shep'ard  that  bekist 
her." 

In  this  case  "  of"  is  used  where  we  should  say 
•'  for,"  the  difference  being  easily  accounted  for. 


as  explained  by  the  author  of  the  Diversions  of 
Purley,  by  extending  the  expression  thus,  "  She 
is  sick  yor  love  of*  the  young  shepherd."  Ancient 
usage  abbreviated  the  expression  by  omitting  "for 
love;"  modern  usage  would  rather  omit  "love  of." 
Now  may  we  not  deal  with  the  words  "  a  barrel 
of  wine"  in  a  manner  somewhat  similar  ?  In  our 
day  they  mean  "  a  barrel  full  of  wine  ;"  but  who 
knows  that  Fabyan  may  not  have  meant  "a  barrel 
for  the  holding  of  wine"  ? 

But  if  this  philological  explanation  will  not 
serve,  it  may  at  least  be  conceded  that  the  wine 
cask  could  easily  have  been  converted  into  a  cask 
of  wine  by  the  natural  love  of  the  marvellous,  and 
that  though  both  Fabyan  and  Comines  got  the 
story  on  what  seemed  very  reliable  authority,  the 
tale  might  have  been  slightly  modified  before  it 
came  to  them.  But  the  "drowning"  of  the  corpse 
is  what  I  principally  seek  to  establish,  not  that  it 
was  immersed  in  water  instead  of  wine. 

J^MEs  Gairdner. 


♦  Harl.  MSS.  367.  f.  89. 


Before  seeing  Mb.  Blencowe's  notices  on  the 
East  Bergholt  parish  books  (2"''  S.  ii.  121.),  I  had 
intended  to  draw  attention  to  the  lists  of  the 
sums  formerly  collected  under  royal  authority  by 
means  of  "briefs,"  which  are  prefixed  to  many 
ancient  parish  registers,  as  they  contain  various 
scraps  of  information  regarding  the  repairs  and 
rebuilding  of  churches,  accidents,  &c.,  the  dates 
of  which  are  likely  to  prove  useful  to  the  topo- 
grapher and  historian.  A  vast  storehouse  of  facts 
of  this  kind  already  exists  in  the  pages  of  "N.  & 
Q."  I  shall  therefore  add  an  abstract  of  the  list 
in  my  own  parish  register  as  a  supplement  to  Mb. 
B.'s  communication,  which  example  may  be  fol- 
lowed by  other  contributors. 

Collected  in  Onnsby  St.  Margaret. 
Jan.  2""!,  1675.  Collected  by  vertue  of  a  letter     £    s.    d. 
patent  or  briefe  for  y"  building  the  Parish 
Church  of  Newent'in  Gloucestershire  the 
sume  of  nineteen  pence       -  -  -     00  01  07 

Jan.  16, 1675.  Collected  for  y^  Parish  Church 
of  Oswestree  in  y^  County  of  Salop,  demo- 
lished in  y  late  Civil  War,  the  sume  of 
three  shillings  and  nine  pence       -  -     00  03  09 

September  24"s  1676.  Collected  for  y«  Tow^e 
and  Porte  of  Topsham  in  Devon  the  sume 
of  one  shilling  nine  pence  hafpefiy  -     00  01  09^ 

Feb.  4,  1676.  For  a   burning  at   Eato,  near 

Windsor,  in  y=  County  of  Bucks    -  -     00  0108 

July  19th,  1677.  For  Blithburgh  in  Suff.,  briefe 

for  a  fire  happening  about  June  22,  76       -     00  03  06 
July  22.  77.  Cottenham  in  Cambs.    -  -     00  05  00 

Aug't  5,  77.  Towcester  in  Northampton,  fire  -     00  01  07^ 
March  17,  77.  Burning  in  Rickmersworth     -     00  01  Oiig' 
March  31,  78.  Do.  Harlington  in  Middlesex  -    00  01  08 
Septem.  8,  78.  Do.  Wem  in  Salop     -  -    00  01  06 

*  Or,  "o/ love /or." 


2-oS.  NO  38.,  Sept.  20. '56.],  NOTES  AND   QUERIES. 


223 


Septem.  29,  78.  Do.  Uffington  in  Lincolnsh.  - 
Marcli  9,  1678.  Do.  Horsham,  St.  Faith's  - 
March  23,  1G79.  Do.  Fattingha  in  Stafford  - 
June  1,  1679.  Do.  in  Towne  and  Port  of 
Dover        -  -  ,  -  . 

Septemb.  7,  1679.  Do.  Lurgishal  in  Wilts  - 
Jan.  17«^  1680.  Collected  for  the^ Redemption 
of  slaves  in  Turky,  etc.,  y"  suine  of  1'  12'  5'^ 
March  13, 1680.  Burning  of  Tadcaster,  Yorks. 
April  lO'h,  1681.  Do.  at  Koxford  in  Cambs.  - 
August  21",  1681.  Collected  to  a  brief  for  y* 

poor  Protestants  in  Poland 
September  18,  1681.  Burning  in  Stafford 
September  28,  1681.  Do.  in  y«Town  of  Bish- 

ton,  in  ye  Parish  of  Colwich,  Stafford 
ffebruary  19'h,  168^.  Do.  Hansworth,  Yorks. 
ffebruary  26,  168^.  Do.  East  Budly  in  Devon 
March  5,  168^.  Do.  East  Peckham  in  Kent  - 
March  25,  168^.  Collected  to  a  brief  forj" 
Relief  of  the  French  Protestants,  the  sume 
of  one  pound  fourteen  shillings  and  nine 
pence. 
Collected  y°  to  a  brief  for  repairing  a  great 
church  in  St.  Albans  in  Hertfordshire,  y® 
sume  of  thirteen  shillings. 
April  O'b,  1682.  Burning  in  Caister,  Line.      - 
July  16,  1682.  Collected  y"  to  a  brief  for  a 
burning  in  a  place  called  y«  Maze,  in  y» 
Parishes  of  S*  Thomas  y"  Ap'le  and  S' 
Olave,  in  y*  Towne  and  Burrough  of  South- 
Wark,  in  the  County  of  Surrey 
September  24, 1682.  Burning  of  New  Wind- 
sor, Berks.  .... 
Do.  For  a  burning  in  London 
9ber  19"i,  82.  Do.  at  Preston,  Candever,  in  y« 

Countj' of  South- Hampton 
Dec.  3,  82.  Do.  at  Stoke,  near  Clare,  in  SufF.  - 
Dec.  17,  1682.  Do.  at  Ensham  in  Oxfordsh.  - 
July  17,  1683.  Do.  at  Wapping  in  London  - 
Septem.  23,  1683.  Do.  at  Colompto,  Devon  - 
Septem.  30,  1683.  Do.  at  Bassingborne, 
Cambs.       -  -  -  .  . 

March  25.  1684.  Do.  at  New  Market  in  Suff. 
Also  to  a  burning  in  Channel  Row,  in  y®  City 

of  Westminster  in  Middlesex 

Septemb.  28,  1684.  Collected  y"  a  brief  for 

rebuilding  a  greatly  dilapidated  Church  in 

Portsmouth,  in  y*  County  of  Hampshire   - 

ffebr.  10, 84.  Burning  at  Sutton  in  Caister  in 

Northhampt.  ... 

ffeb.  22,  1684.  Do.  in  Castor  w^'in  Ryley,  in 

ye  Countv  of  North  Hampton 
March  1",  84.  Do.  in  Ely      •• 
April  5,  85.  Do.  at  Elsewas  in  Staffordsh. 
April  19,  85.  Do.  at  Staverton  in  ...  . 
May  3,  1685.  Do.  in  Swaffam  (Norf.) 
May  31,  1685.  Collected  y"  to  a  brief  for 

Market  Deeping  in  Lincolneshire  - 
April  26">,  1685.  Burning  at  Saresden  in  y 

County  of  Norff.  (?) 
June  8,  -685.  Collected  y°  to  a  petition  for  y" 
burning  of  Stody  Parsonage,  in  y<=  County  of 
Norff.,  the  sume  of  three  and  fifty  shillings 
and  three  pence. 
July  6,  85.  Burning  at  Beamister,  C»  Dorset 
July  19,  1685.  Collected  for  an  inundation  of 
■water  at  Kirkcanton  in  y*  County  of  Cum- 
berland     -  -  -  -  - 
Aug"  2,  1685.  Burning  at  Haxby  in  York- 
shire         ..... 


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Aug.  16,  1685.  Do.  in  ...  .  C»  Wilts 

Aug.  30,  1685.  Do.  at  Ilfreston,  C"  Sussex    - 

Oct,  25,  1685.  Do.  at  Stanto  in  Suff. 

May  9, 1686.  Do.  in  Hereford 

Septemb.  12,  1686.  Collected  y°  to  y*  repair- 
ing 5'e  Church  of  Eynsbury  in  y"  County  of 
Huntingdon  .  .  .  . 

October  21",  1688.  Collected  to  Mr.  Hutton's 
petition  for  his  burnt  Vicaridg  in  Norff.    - 

March  25,  1690.  Collected  to  a  brief  for  a 
burning  in  East  Smithfield,  in  the  parish 
of  S'  Botolph  without  Aldgate,  in  y*  County 
of  Middlesex,  the  loss  being  6060" 

It™.  Burning  at  New  Alresford  in  Hampsh.  - 

Oct  19,  1690,  Do.  at  S'  Ives,  C»  Huntingdon 

Nov.  2,  1690.  Do.  in  Stafford 

Nov.  30.  Do.  at  Bishops  Lavington  in  Wilts 

Dec.  14,  1690.  Do.  in  Southwark 

April  5,  1691.  Do.  at  Morpeth  in  Northum 
berland       .... 

April  12,  1691.  Collected  to  a  Briefe  for  the 
loss  of  Mr.  Clopton  of  Norwich,  one  peiiy. 

July  20,  1691.  Burning  in  East  and  West 
Teingmouth  and  Shaldon  in  y®  County  of 
Devon        .  .  _  -  - 

Septem.  20,  1691.  Do.  in  Thirske  in  y*  North 
Riding  of  Yorksh.  -  -  -  - 

March  6,  1692.  Do.  in  Bealt,  C^  Brecon 

August  18,  etc.,  1692,  Collected  y"  to  a  Briefe 
for  Redemption  of  Captives  in  Algier,  Sally, 
and  Barbary  .... 

Oct.  9th,  1692.  Burning  in  Ledbury,  C  Here- 
ford   

Novemb.  6,  1692.  Burning  at  Hedon  in 
Yorksh. 

Decemb.  11,  1692.  Do.  in  Havant  in  South- 
hamptonshire         .... 

January  8'h,  1692  [3].  Do.  in  Ellesworth, 
C»  Cambs.  ..... 

ffebr.  6,  1692.  Do.  at  Tunbridg  Wells,  C" 
Kent  -  .  -  .  - 

April  3,  1693.  Collected  then  to  the  Burning 
and  plundering  of  Druridg  Weddrington 
and  Chebborne  in  Northumberland 

April  30,  1693.  Burning  in  Lambeth,  C»  Sur- 
rey ..... 

July  9«h,  1693.  Do.  in  Churchill,  C"  Oxon    - 

August  6'h,  1693.  Collected  to  a  double  burn- 
ing at  Dennis  Gunton's  of  Wickmer  in  y" 
Co.ofNorffolk       .  -  -  - 

Decemb.  3,  1693.  Burning  at  Wooller,  C" 
North.        .  -  -  -  - 

August  b^\  1694.  Do.  in  Yalding,  C»  Kent  - 

Novemb.  29,  1694.  Collected  to  a  Briefe  for 
the  ffiench  Protestants       .  .  - 

April  10'^  1695.  Burning  in  yeCitie  of  York 

It«». Do.  in  Nether  Haven  and 

ffiddleton,  C<>  Wilts 

July  28,  95.  Do.  at  Grand- Cester,  Cambs.    - 

Aug.  25,  1695.  Do.  at  Gillingam  in  Dorset    - 

Sept.  22,  1695.  Do.  at  Trinitie  House,  King- 
ston upon  Hull      -  .  -  - 

ffeb.  23, 1695.  Do.  hy  lightening  in  Holbeach, 
in  Holland  in  Lincolnshire 

Aug.  31,  1696.  Burning  in  Broughton,  C" 
b^'Hampton  .... 

September  13*,  Do.  in  S»  Olave,  Southwark, 
C°  Surrey  .  -  -  .  - 

Octob.  18,1696,  Do.  of  Robert  Barker  of  Aby 
in  Lincolns.  .  «  -  • 


£ 

s. 

d. 

00 

03 

04 

00 

03 

11 

00 

01 

00 

00 

01 

09 

00 

01 

08^ 

00 

04 

10 

00 

09 

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00 

05 

04 

00 

02 

07 

00 

02 

09 

00 

01 

00 

GO  09  07 

-    00  01  07 


00 

08  06 

00  01 
00  03 

08i 
09i 

ii 

09  04 

00 

01 

05 

00 

01 

02 

00 

02 

07 

00  02  09 

00 

03 

00 

00 

03  04 

00  02 
00  02 

01 
03 

00 

03  01 

00 
00 

02 
01 

07 
01 

01  05  Ooi 
00  10  06| 

00 
00 
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04  03i 
00  07| 
02  02 

00 

01 

00 

00 

01 

09 

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01 

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00 

01 

00 

00  01  04 

224 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  38.,  Sept,  20.  'oG. 


Nov.  1, 1696.  Do.  at  Streatham  in  ye  Isle  of 
Ely 

flfebruary  y*  last,  1696.  Do.  at  Mildenhall  in 
Suflf.  -  -  .   .        - 

Septemb.  28'",  1697.  Collected  y"  to  the  re- 
paire  of  the  Church  of  West  Halton  in  y« 
County  of  Lincolne  ... 

Octob.  ib'S  97.  Burning  in in  Staf- 

fordsh.       -  .  .  -  - 

April  3,  1698.  Collected  y"  to  y«  Burning  of 
y«  houses  of  Rich<i  Uriel  of  Cockerniouth 
in  y«  County  of  Cumberland 

Apr.  17,  1698.  Burning  in  Litch-field,  Staf- 
fordsh.        .  .  .  .  - 

October  2<i,  1698.  Collected  for  Redemptio  of 
Thomas  Rose  of  Lynn,  a  Slave  in  Morocco 

8^«'  16, 1698.  Burning  in  Newbury,  C"  Berks. 

February  5'\  1698.  Do.  at  Minehead  in  So- 
mersetsh.    -  .  -  -  - 

March  5,  1698.  Do.  at  Derby-Court  in  West- 
minster     .  -  -  .  - 

March  19,  98.  Do.  in  ye  Parish  of  S'  Giles  in 
ye  Fields    --'--- 

April  17, 18, 19, 20, 27,  Collected  to  persecuted 
Protestants  in  Piemont,  Sauoy,  &c.,  and 
French  Protestants  Refugees  in  Switzerland 

April  13,  1699.  Collected  y°  to  a  Brief  for  a 
Burning  at  Lancaster        .  .  - 

Octob.  3,  1700.  Collected  y"  to  a  Briefe  for 
Ransoming  Captive  Seamen  from  ye  King 
of  Fez  and  Morrocco  in  Turky 

Octob.  19, 1701.  I  published  a  Briefe  for  a  fire 
at  Hormonden  in  ye  County  of  Kent,  y^  loss 
being  above  1000",  and  being  after  ye  expi- 
ration of  ye  time  for  gathering,  there  was 
nothing  given  to  it. 

December  26, 1701.  Collected  y"  to  the  Re- 
pair of  Bromley  Church  in  StafFordsbire    - 

ffebruary  7"',  1701.  Collected  y"  in  ye  Parish 
for  ye  Burning  of  Leominster  Church  in  ye 
County  of  Hereford  .  .  - 

ffebruary  15*,  1701.  Collected  y"  in  ye  Parish 
Church  for  ye  Damage  of  Rye  Church  in  ye 
County  of  Sussex  -  -  -  - 

June  10"^,  1702.  Collected  y"  in  ye  Parish  of 
Orm'sby  S'  Margaret  towards  ye  Repara- 
tion of  Chester  Cathedrall  -  -  - 

Aug.  16,  1702.  Burning  in  Ely 

Septemb.  13.  Burning  at  Rolleston  in  Staf- 
fordsh.        -.._-. 

Septemb.  20.  Collected  in  ye  Parish  Church 
to  ye  ruines  of  Chepstow  Church  in  ye 
County  of  Monmouth         ... 

January  ye  17"',  1702.  Collected  in  ye  Parish 
Church  to  ye  Damage  of  Corn-Mills  by 
fflouds,  &c.  in  Congleton  in  ye  County  of 
Chester      ----- 

ffeb.  7,  1702.  Fire  at  Shutsford  in  ye  County 
of  Oxon,  i.e.  Oxford  .  .  _ 

Mar.  7,  1702.  Collected  in  ye  Parish  to  re- 
pairing S'  Giles  Church  in  Shrewsbury  in 
ye  County  of  Salop  .  .  _ 

April  11"'.  Do.  to  ye  Briefe  of  Monks  Harby, 
seaventeen  pence  ha'pe7iy. 

July  18,  1703.  Fire  at  Wrottesley  in  Stafford- 
shire .  -  .  -  . 

Aug.  1,  1703.  Burning  in  Spittlefields  Ham- 
let in  Stepney        .  .  _  . 

Aug.  29,  1703.  Burning  at  Faringdon,  G° 
Berke.       -  »  -  - 


£ 

s. 

d. 

00 

00 

09 

00 

00  04 

00  00  03 

00 

03 

08 

3 

2 

10 
4i 

0 

0 

2 

0 

2 

19 

0 

0 

0 

0 

7b«'  12,  1703.  Do.  at  Fordingbridg,  C'  South- 
ampton     -  .  .  .  - 
8''er  10,  1703.  Do.  at  Tuxford,  Nottingham  - 

1707. 
Burning  at  North  Marston,  C" 


1  11 

2  2 


0  18  7 

2  8 

0    4  Oh 

2  3 

2  2 

2  % 

I  2 

0  6 

0  6 

1  3 
1  2§ 
0  6 


Mav  4"». 
Bucks. 

And  Collected  to  ye  repair  of   Broseley 
Church  in  the  County  of  Salop  - 

June  29.  Burning  of  Towcester 

July  13.  Do.  of  Joseph  Wakelin  at  Hartly 
Green  in  ye  County  of  Stafford 

July  27.  Do.  in  Spilsbj',  C"  of  Lincoln. 

August  10.  Do.  in  Shire-lane,  C°  of  Middlesex 

November  16.  Collected  to  ye  rebuilding  of 
Durslej'  Church  and  steeple  fallen  downe 
in  ye  County  of  Gloucester,  one  peny. 

November  ye  9.  Burning  at  Heavitree,  C° 
Devon        .  .  _  -  - 

November  ye  23<i,  1707.  Collected  to  the  re- 
building of  ye  Parish  Church  and  Tower  of 
Orford  in  Suffolk    .  -  -  - 

Novemb.  30.  Burning  at  Southam,  C"  War- 
wick -  .  .  .  - 

May  2<i,  1708.  Burning  at  Bewdly,  C°  Wor- 
cester        _  .  .  -  - 

May  9ti'.  Do.  at  Woodhurst,  C"  Huntingdon 

May  16.  Do.  at  Wincanton  in  Somersetsh.   - 

May  23.  Do.  at  Alcobury  cum  Weston,  C" 
Huntingdon  .  -  -  - 

July  25"'.  To  a  Robbery  by  the  French  and  a 
burning      -  -  -  -  - 

The  above  entries  are  made  and  mostly  signed 
by  Geo.  Cowper,  first  curate  and  then  vicar  of 
the  parish,  and  are  countersigned  by  the  church- 
wardens. They  show  that  our  ancestors  had  no 
lack  of  calls  at  any  rate  on  their  charity.  There 
seems  to  have  been  a  considerable  falling  off  in 
their  contributions  after  1G95  ;  perhaps  owing  to 
pressure  on  account  of  war  prices,  a  cause  which 
acts  in  the  same  direction  at  the  present  time. 

E.  S.  Taylor. 

Ormesby  St.  Margaret. 


n 

6 


1 


3* 


1     9 

10 

8 
3 
6 


10 


DE.    JO^N   CI-AYTON   AND   COAL   GAS. 

This  gentleman  has  received  the  credit  of  being 
one  of  the  first,  if  not  the  first,  who  experimented 
on  the  nature  of  coal  gas.  Mr.  Thos.  S.  Pickston, 
in  his  Practical  Treatise  on  Gas  Lighting,  says 
(p.  69.):- 

"  That  a  permanently  elastic  and  inflammable  aeriform 
fluid  is  evolved  from  pit-coal  appears  to  have  been  first 
experimentally  ascertained  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  John  Clayton, 
Dean  of  Kildare.  With  the  exact  date  of  the  discovery, 
we  are  not  acquainted ;  but  as  the  communication  made 
to  the  Earl  of  Egmont,  F.R.S.,  in  1739,  by  Dr.  Robert 
Clayton,  Bishop  of  Cork  and  Orrery,  purported  to  be  an 
extract  of  a  letter  from  the  discoverer  to  the  Hon.  Robert 
Boyle,  who  died  in  1691,  the  discovery  must  have  been 
made  prior  to  that  event,  though  not  published  in  the 
Philosophical  Transactions  of  the  Royal  Society  till  the 
year  1739." 

But  uo  mention  is  made  in  the  published  per- 


2-*s.no88.,sept.20.«56.]  NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


225 


tions  of  his  letter  to  prove  that  the  author  had 
discovered  the  property  it  possessed  of  burning 
after  it  had  passed  throu<;h  water.  This  fact  was 
mentioned  in  the  second  vohirae  of  the  Chemical 
Essays  published  by  Dr.  Watson  (afterwards 
Bishop  of  Llandaff)  in  1767.  And  Mr.  Samuel 
Hughes,  in  his  Treatise  on  Gas  Works,  London, 
1853  (p.  9.),  says:  — 

"  To  the  celebrated  Dr.  Watson,  Bishop  of  Llandaff, 
we  are  indebted  for  the  first  notice  of  the  important  fact, 
that  coal  gas  retains  its  inflammability  after  passing 
through  water  into  which  it  was  allowed  to  ascend  through 
curved  tubes." 

Dr.  Clayton,  having  omitted  to  mention  his 
knowledge  of  this  peculiarity  in  coal  gas  in  his 
letter  to  the  Hon.  Robert  Boyle,  it  was  but  rea- 
sonable to  suppose  that  he  was  ignorant  of  it. 
But  I  lind,  in  the  Miscellanea  Curiosa,  London, 
1705-6-7,  in  vol.iii.  p.  281., 

«  a  letter  from  Mr.  John  Clayton,  Rector  of  Crofton, 
at  Wakefield,  in  Yorkshire,  to  the  Koyal  Society,  May  12, 
1C88,  giving  an  account  of  several  observables  iu  Vir- 
ginia," &c.  — 

in  which,  after  describing  some  of  the  severe 
storms  he  had  witnessed  during  bis  residence  in 
the  colony,  he  adds  : 

"  Durst  I  offer  ray  weak  reasons  when  I  write  to  so 
great  Masters  thereof,  I  should  here  consider  the  nature 
of  thunder,  and  compare  it  with  some  sulphurous  spirits 
which  I  have  drawn  from  coals,  that  I  could  no  waj' 
condense,  yet  were  inflammable,  nay,  would  burn  after 
they  passed  through  water,  and  that  seemingly  fiercer,  if 
they  were  not  overpowered  therewith.  I  have  kept  of 
this  spirit  a  considerable  time  in  bladders ;  and  tho'  it 
appeared  as  if  they  were  only  blown  with  air,  yet,  if  I 
let  it  forth,  and  fired  it  with  a  match  or  candle,  it  would 
continue  burning  till  all  were  spent." 

The  wording  of  this  extract  resembles  the  pub- 
lished portion  of  the  communication  made  public 
in  1739  so  closely  as  to  leave  no  doubt  that  they 
were  both  written  by  the  same  person  ;  and  I 
presume  it  establishes  beyond  a  doubt  Dr.  John 
Clayton's  claim  to  the  discovery  of'gas  retaining 
its  inflammability  after  passing  through  water. 

T.  H.  W. 

Eichmond,  Virginia,  August  23,  1856. 


NATURE,  AND  HER  MOULD,  OR  DIE,  FOR  MAN. 

When  Byron,  in  his  Monody  on  the  Death  of 
Sheridan,  lainents  — 

"That  Nature  formed  but  one  such  man. 
And  broke  the  die," 

he  perhaps  does  not  mean  to  imply  that  such  is 
not  the  ordinary  procedure  of  nature  in  her  handi- 
work, at  least  so  far  as  the  human  race  is  con- 
cerned, but  that  it  is  a  matter  of  regret  that  in 
this  so  successful  instance  she  did  not  stamp  a 
duplicate  impression.    This,  however,  she  has  only 


done  most  rarely,  and  by  accident  as  it  were  : 
witness  the  one  or  two  cases  of  mistakeable 
identity  recorded  in  the  Causes  Celebres  and  else- 
where,—  exceptions  which  serve  at  once  to  illus- 
trate and  prove  her  rule  to  the  contrary.  Yet  the 
eloquent  egotist,  J.  J.  Rousseau,  seems  to  fancy 
that  men  in  general  are  made  by  the  dozen,  while 
he,  as  to  be  paralleled  by  none  but  himself,  is  tiie 
result  of  an  experiment  of  questionable  expe- 
diency in  the  way  of  separate  manufacture  : 

"  Si  la  nature  a  bien  ou  mal  fait  de  briser  le  moule 
dans  lequel  elle  m'a  jete',  c'est  ce  dont  on  ne  peut  juger 
qu'aprfes  m'a  voir  lu."  —  Les  Confessions,  chap.  i. 

The  figure,  whatever  it  -may  imply,  has  been  a 
favourite  one  with  eulogists.  The  biographer  of  a 
comedian  who  amused  the  public  in  his  day  not 
less  successfully  than  Sheridan  winds  up  with  — 

"  L'on  peut  dire  sans  hyperbole,  que  la  nature,  aprbs 
I'avoir  fait,  en  cassa  la  moule."  —  La  Vie  de  Scaramouche, 
12mo.,  1690,  p.  107. 

Again,  I  find  it  in  Ariosto  : 

"Non  b  un  si  bello  in  tante  altre  persone, 
Natura  il  fece,  e  poi  roppa  la  stampa." 

Orl.  Furioso,  cant.  x.  stanz.  84. 

and,  returning  to  the  north,  in  the  work  of  our 
ancient  Scottish  poet : 

"  Her  arms  are  lang,  her  shoulders  braid, 
Her  middil  gent  and  small : 
The  mold  is  lost  wherein  was  maed 
This  a  per  se  of  all." 

Alexander  Montgomery's  Poems. 

Here  my  memory  fails  me ;  perhaps  others  may 
be  able  to  indicate  an  earlier,  if  not  the  original, 
use  of  the  figure.  William  Bates. 

Birmingham. 


DOUCBAHA. 


Notes  by  F.  Douce  in  his  copy  of  Thos.  Green- 
hill's  Ne/cpoKjjceia,  or  the  Art  of  Embalming,  4to., 
Lond.,  1705: 

"A  Copy  in  Longman's  Suppl.  Catal.,  1817,  No.  9503, 
at  1/.  16s.  Query,  if  Mr.  Greenhill  was  aware  that  his 
subject  had  been  already  discussed  in  Penicher,  Traitd 
des  Embaumemens  selon  les  anciens  et  les  modernes,  Paris, 
1699,  12mo.  ? 

» There  is  a  receipt  for  embalming  bodies  in  Jordan, 
Recueil  de  LittSrature,  p.  22. 

"  See  some  good  remarks  on  embalming  in  Voyages  de 
M.  du  Mont,  torn.  ii.  lettre  ix. : 

"  *  liCS  Rois  d'Egypte  et  de  Syrie 

Vouloient  qu'on  embaumat  leurs  corps 
Pour  rester  plus  long-terns  morts : 

Quelle  folic ! 
Avant  que  de  nos  corps 
Notre  ame  soit  partie 
Avec  du  vin  embaumons-nous 
Pour  rester  plus  long-terns  en  vie.' 
*»  It  has  been  ingeniously  imagined  that  the  practice 
among  the  earlv  Christians  of  erab;ilming  the  bodies  in 


^^6 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  88.,  Sept.  20.  '56. 


their  crypts  and  catacombs  originated  to  prevent  the  con- 
sequences that  might  otherwise  have  ensued  from  the 
corruption  of  the  flesli  when  they  were  engaged  in  their 
religious  meetings  in  those  places. 

"  On  the  Gth  of  April,  1833,  I. was  present  at  the  open- 
ing of  a  mummy  at  the  Charing  Cross  Hospital  by  Mr. 
Pettigrew  and  assistants.  It  was  No.  —  in  the  Egyptian 
sale  at  Sotheby's,  March,  1833,  and  cost  £  — . 

"  It  was  taken  from  a  rude  coffin  of  sycamore  wood, 
and  was  enwrapped  in  many  linen  or  cotton  folds 
and  bandages,  that  caused  much  trouble  in  removing. 
Tlie  body  was  in  a  dried  state,  with  much  of  the  flesh  in 
a  shrivelled  state,  and  extremely  perfect  and  free  from 
any  dislocation  of  the  limbs.  The  mixed  materials  of 
asphaltum  and  linen  had  several  fragments  of  gold  leaf 
very  finely  beaten.  On  the  feet  and  head  were  spots  of 
gold  leaf,  but  it  had  not  been  gilt  all  over,  as  Mr.  P. 
seemed  to  think  had  been  the  case.  The  flesh  had  be- 
come black.  Nothing  was  found  in  the  mummy,  at  least 
during  the  process  of  opening.  There  were  present  Sir 
Henry  Halford,  Ottley,  Hawkins  and  Barnwell  of  the 
British  Museum,  Dr.  Richardson,  Mr.  Gage.  Mr.  Petti- 
grew delivered  a  very  appropriate  lecture  on  the  occasion, 
chiefl}'  extracted  from  Herodotus,  Diodorus  Siculus,  &c. 
He  stated,  but  erroneouslj-,  that  coins  were  found  i!i  the 
mouths  of  mummies.  This  could  not  be,  previously  at 
least  to  the  Greek  dynasty  in  Egypt.  The  coin  of 
Hadrian,  said  to  have  been  found  in  a  mummy,  and  of 
which  Schlegel  has  given  some  account,  is  of  a  very 
doubtful  nature.  Pieces  of  gold  have  been  found  in  the 
mouths  of  mummies,  and  Coxe  had  a  gold  idol  which  he 
was  told  had  been  so  found." 

Notes  by  F.  Douee  In  his  copy  of  S.  Gregory's 
Dialogues  translate  de  Latin  en  Prancoys,  printed 
by  Pierre  Leber,  4to.  Par. : 

"  See  what  Mr.  Turner  has  said  of  these  dialogues  in 
his  Saxon  History,  vol.  ii.  p.  317.,  and  see  particularly 
Davies's  Icon  libellorum,  p.  184. 

"  There  is  a  very  fine  MS.  of  Gregory's  Homilies  and 
Dialogues  in  the  French  language  in  Bibl.  Reg.  15  D.  v. 

"  Reasons  for  supposing  that  this  work  was  not  written 
by  S.  Gregory,  the  Great,  but  by  a  later  pope  of  that 
name.  See  Archbp.  Abbot's  Description  of  the  World, 
p.  217. 

"  More  on  these  dialogues  in  Fabricii,  Bibl.  Med.  JEtat. 
iii.  250. 

"  In  the  cathedral  library  at  Autun  is  a  Merovingian 
MS.  of  S.  Gregory's  dialogues,  whence  Millin  justly  in- 
fers that  they  were  written  by  Gregory  himself.  See  his 
Voyage  dans  les  Departemens  du  Midi,  tom.  i.  p.  329." 

Notes  by  F.  Douce  in  his  copy  of  Abrege  des 
Dome  Livres  Olympiades,  composez  par  le  S, 
Jehan  Vander  Noot,  Patrice  d'Anvers,  fol. :  Anvers, 
1579 :  — 

"  In  Balthazar's  Genealogies  des  Conies  de  Flandres, 
Antwerp,  1598,  folio,  are  verses  addressed  to  the  reader, 
in  French,  by  '  Jean  Vander  Noot,  patrice  d' Anvers.' 

"  He  was  in  London  in  the  reign  of  Eliz.,  where,  in 
1569,  he  published  A  Theatre  wherein  be  represented  as 
wet  the  Miseries  and  Calamities  that  follow  the  Voluptuous 
Worldlings,  8fc.,  12",  with  many  very  curious  cuts  and 
sonnets.  The  work  is  ded.  to  Queen  Eliz.  From  this 
dedication  it  appears  that  he  had,  in  company  with  manj' 
of  his  countrymen,  taken  refuge  in  England  to  avoid 
the  persecutions  for  religion  in  Holland  and  the  Low 
Countries.  The  work  consists  of  Petrarch's  Visions,  as 
in  Spenser;  of  Du  Bella^-'s  sonnets  (in  blank  verse,  and 
nearly  in  the  same  words  as  Spenser's  rimes) :  '  the 
ftttthors  declaration  upon  his  Visions,  &c,    Transl.  out  of 


French  into  English  by  Theodore  Roest.'     Q.  therefore, 
who  wrote  the  above  '  Visions'  and  '  Sonnets  '? 

"  In  his    Olympiades,  1579,  he  calls  himself  '  Patrice 
d' Anvers.'     In  this  is  a  good  portrait  of  him  in  copper. 

"  Another  work  by  him  is  Hymne  de  Braband,  1580, 
folio.     With  his  portrait  in  wood. 

"  Another,  Divers  (Euvres  poeiiques,  1581,  folio.     With 
his  portrait  in  wood. 

"  I  conceive  the  copper  cuts  in  this  very  rare  volume 
to  have  been  done  by  Coornhaert.  —  F.  D." 

W.  D.  M. 


^tU0r  |2otcS. 

Extraordinary  Births.  —  The  foUowring  ap- 
peared in  many  papers  ;*  I  take  it  from  The  Globe 
of  April  16,  1856  : 

"  Sundav  Morning,  the  13th  April,  between  the  hours 
of  8  and  10,  Mrs.  E.  Phinn,  the  wife  of  Edward  Pliinn,  a 
guard  in  the  service  of  the  London  and  North  Western 
Railwa}'  Company,  residing  at  144.  Scofield  Street, 
Bloomsbury,  Birmingham,  was  safely  delivered  of  five 
children,  three  boys,  born  alive  and  doing  well,  and  two 
girls  born  dead." 

The  following  is  a  cutting  from  the  Sunday 
Times  of  August  17,  1856  : 

"  A  Doubtful  Story.  —  The  Journal  des  Annonces  of 
Lisle  announces  that  a  married  woman,  residing  in  a  com- 
mune near  that  town,  and  who  has  twice  been  brought  to 
bed  of  twins,  has  just  been  safely  delivered  of  five  chil- 
dren, three  boj-s  and  two  girls.  All  the  children  are  well 
formed,  but  small,  and  are  in  good  health.  A  singular 
particularity  is  stated  by  the  journal  to  have  attended 
the  pregnancy  of  this  woman.  During  the  last  two 
months  all  the  objects  before  her  eyes  appeared  to  be 
several  times  repeated,  but  since  her  delivery  her  sight 
has  returned  to  its  natural  state." 

Perhaps  the  detail  of  the  woman's  sight  in  the 
last  would  not  succeed  in  giving  credit  to  the 
"  doubtful  story  ;  "  but  I  fear  that  the  extreme 
circumstantial  detail  of  the  first  case  has  induced 
many  readers  to  yield  their  belief  to  that  narra- 
tive. Fortunately  I  have  had  the  opportunity  of 
testing  its  truth,  and  I  find  that  the  account  is 
perfectly  trustworthy  in  all  respects,  except  the 
matter  of  the  five  children !  Mrs.  Phinn  had 
only  three  children  at  one  birth,  and  all  three 
were  born  dead.  As  a  rule,  all  extraordinary 
stories  in  newspapers  may  be  taken  as  fact,  except 
in  their  extraordinary  details. 

C.  Mansfield  Ingleby. 
Birmingham. 

The  Charter  Oak  of  Connecticut.  —  The  follow- 
ing from  The  Times  of  Sept.  9,  1856,  ought  to  be 
preserved  in  "  N.  &  Q." 

"  The  old  '  Charter  Oak '  of  Connecticut,  which  stood 
near  the  city  of  Hartford,  was  blown  down  on  the  21st  by 
a  gale  of  wind,  to  the  great  regret  of  the  inhabitants.  In 
1686  James  II.  dissolved  the  government  of  the  colony, 
and  demanded  the  surrender  of  the  original  charter 
granted  by  Charles  II.  in  1662  —  a  very  liberal  one,  so 
much  so  that  it  would  never  have  passed  through  the 
'  proper  department '  of  a  much  more  recent  age.     When 


2'»<>  S.  No  38.,  Skpt.  20.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


227 


required  to  svirrender  it  the  Governor  and  Council  refused, 
even  resistinsj  the  terrors  of  three  several  writs  of  quo 
warranto.  Whitehall  was  a  long  way  off  in  those  days. 
On  the  31st  October,  1687,  Sir  Edmund  Andross  and  a 
guard  of  sixty  soldiers  entered  Hartford  to  seize  the 
charter  by  force,  if  necessary.  The  sitting  of  the  As- 
sembly was  judiciously  protracted  till  evening,  when  the 
Governor  and  Council  appeared  about  to  yield  the  pre- 
cious document ;  it  was  brought  in  and  laid  on  the  table. 
Suddenly  the  lights  were  put  out  and  all  was  darkness 
and  silence;  wlien  the  candles  were  again  lighted  the 
charter  had  vanished.  The  Council  had  not  refused  to 
give  it  up,  but  it  was  gone.  The  Governor  was  deposed, 
nevertheless,  and  the  royal  orders  carried  out ;  the  charter 
had  in  tlie  meantime  been  concealed  in  a  gigantic  oak ; 
on  James's  abdication  the  instrument  was  reproduced,  the 
old  Governor  re-elected  under  it,  and  it  remained  the 
organic  law  of  the  colony  till  1818.  From  this  incident 
sprung  the  veneration  of  the  people  for  the  *  Charter 
Oak.'  It  is  supposed  to  have  been  a  very  old  tree  when 
America  was  discovered.  The  day  after  the  tree  was 
blown  down  the  city  band  played  solemn  music  over  its 
trunk  for  two  hours,  and  the  city  bells  tolled  at  sunset  in 
token  of  the  public  sorrow." 

T. 

Dress.  —  The  following  paragraph  appears  in 
the  Morning  Chronicle  and  London  Advertiser  of 
Saturday,  July  29,  1780: 

"  A  few  days  ago,  a  Macaroni  made  his  appearance  in 
the  Assembly-room  at  Whitehaven  in  the  following 
dress  :  a  mixed  silk  coat,  pink  sattin  waistcoat  and 
breeches,  covered  with  an  elegant  silver  nett,  white  silk 
stockings  with  pink  clocks,  pink  sattin  shoes  and  large 
pearl  buckles,  a  mushroom  coloured  stock,  covered  with 
a  fine  point  lace ;  his  hair  dressed  remarkably  high,  and 
stuck  full  of  pearl  pins." 

Robert  S.  Salmon. 

Newcastle-on-Tyne. 

First  Edinburgh  Review.  —  The  world  hardly 
knows  that  the  earliest  review  of  books  published 
in  Britain  was  an  Edinburgh  review,  an  Historical 
Account  of  Books  and  Transactions  in  the  Learned 
World,  which  commenced  in  1688.  The  earliest 
English  review,  Weekly  Memorials,  or  an  Account 
of  Books  lately  set  forth,  began  a  few  months  later, 
in  January,  1688-89.  M. 

Sayings  about  the  Weather.  —  I  have  lately  met 
(in  Worcestershire)  with  the  following  weather 
sayings,  which  are  apropos  to  the  present  season, 
and  are  (I  believe)  as  yet  unrecorded  : 

"  A  Saturday's  change,  and  a  Sunday's  full, 
Once  in  seven  years,  is  once  too  soon." 

Rain  is  foretold  by  the  appearance  of  snakes  and 
the  shining  of  glow-worms. 

CUTHBEET  BeBE,  B.A. 

Mr.,  M.,  Herr,  Signor,  Sehor,  Sec  —  No  one 
thinks  in  Vienna  or  Berlin  to  introduce  an  English- 
man as  Mr.  this  and  that,  but  of  course,  speaking 
German,  we  titulate  German,  and  call  him  Herr. 
Whether  the  above  silly  parlances  have  oi'iginated 
in  the  pride  (!)  or  politeness  (!)  of  the  English,  I 
will  not  decide  ;  but  they  are  of  a  comparatively 


recent  date.  In  the  playbills  and  announcements 
of  1760  (or  thereabouts)  of  the  performance  of 
Le  Divin  du  Village,  at  London,  the  author  is 
styled  Mr.  J.  J.  Rousseau,  and  not  M.  J.  J.  R. 
Still  earlier,  in  1637,  in  the  books  on  Comnenus, 
the  author  is  called  Mr.  C.  I  trust  this  Note  will 
leave  no  further  Qnere  on  the  relinquishment  of 
such  ludicrous  absurdity.  J.  L. 

Gower  Street. 

A  long  Sleep.  — 

"The  27th  of  Aprill  [1546],  being  Tuesdaie  in  Easter 
weeke,  W.  Foxley,  potmaker  for  the  mint  in  the  tower  of 
London,  fell  asleep,  and  so  continued  sleeping,  and  could 
not  be  wakened  with  pricking,  cramping,  or  otherwise 
burning  whatsoever,  till  the  first  day  of  the  next  Terme, 
which  was  full  14  dayes  and  15  nights,  for  that  Easter 
terme  beginneth  not  afore  17  daj'es  after  Easter.  The 
cause  of  his  thus  sleeping  could  not  be  knowne,  though 
the  same  were  diligentlie  searched  for  by  the  king's  phi- 
sitions  and  other  learned  men,  yea  the  king  himselfe  ex- 
amined }'«  snid  W.  Foxloy,  who  was  in  all  points  found 
at  his  wakening  to  be  as  if  he  had  slept  but  one  night, 
and  lived  41  yeeres  after,  to  witte,  till  the  yeere  of  Christ 
1587."  —  Stow's  Chronicle. 

Abhba. 


cauertCiS. 

OXFORD    EDITION    OF    PAPPUS. 

Dr.  Edward  Bernard  (1638—1697),  who  was 
Savilian  Professor  of  Astronomy  (1673 — 1691), 
conceived  the  plan  of  publishing,  by  the  assistance 
of  the  University,  a  collection  of  the  ancient 
geometers.  He  prepared  the  text  of  Euclid,  and 
especially  of  the  Data.  He  proposed  fourteen 
volumes,  as  follows  : 

"  I.  Euclid  and  Proclus.  II.  Apollonius  and  Serenus. 
III.  Archimedes  and  Eutocius.  IV.  Pappus  and  Heron. 
V.  Athenaius  and  Vitruvius.  VI.  Diophantus,  Theon, 
and  Nicomachus,  VII.  Theodosius,  Autolycus,  Menelaus, 
Aristarchus,  Hypsicles.  VIII.  and  IX.  Ptolemy  and 
Theon,  the  Almagest ;  Cleomcdes,  Psellus,  Manilius. 
X.  Ptolemy,  Theon,  Heraclius,  Canones  ;  Ptolemy  and 
Proclus  on  the  Sphere.  XI.  Ptolemy  nepi  <t)a<Teiav,  &c., 
and  de  Annalemmate ;  Geminus  and  Aratus;  Ptolemj' t/e 
speculis;  Heliodorus.  XII.  Ptolemy,  Astrology;  and 
Firmicus.  XIII.  Ptolemy's  Geography.  XIV.  Ptolemy's 
Harmonies,  with  Porphyry,  Brj'ennius,  Aristoxenus,  Ni- 
comachus, &c." 

With  these,  a  large  number  of  minor  writers,  an- 
cient and  modern.  Bernard's  list,  published  in 
Dr.  Smith's  edition  (1704)  of  his  works,  as  Ve- 
tcrum  Mathemaiicorum  Synopsis,  and  reprinted,  I 
think  I  remember,  by  Fabricius,  is  in  itself  a 
learned  catalogue  of  suggestive  memoranda. 

By  mere  coincidence  the  University  of  Oxford 
published  the  three  first  volumes  (but  without 
Bernard's  proposed  additions)  in  their  order. 
Gregory  (1703)  publl.<hed  the  Euclid  (without 
Proclus),  making  use  of  Bernard's  collations ;  and 
thig  h  stiU  the  pnly  Greek  text  of  all  that  is  at- 


2^8 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»d  S.  No  S8.,  Sbpt.  20.  '56. 


tributed  to  Euclid.  Halley  (1710)  published  the 
ApoUonius  and  Serenus,  and  this  is  still  the  only 
Greek  text.  In  1792  appeared  the  Archimedes 
and  Eutocius,  purchased  from  the  executor  of 
Joseph  Torelli.  This  is  by  far  the  best  edition 
extant. 

I  have,  I  dare  say  in  a  dozen  places,  reminded 
the  University  that  it  is  quite  time  the  edition  of 
Pappus  should  be  thought  of.  The  three  folios 
above-mentioned  have  placed  Oxford  at  the  head 
of  all  learned  corporations,  as  publishers  of  the 
Greek  geometers.  Thanks  to  Halma  and  Pey- 
rard,  Paris  runs  nearer  to  Oxford  than  it  ought  to 
do  :  and  it  is  time  to  make  the  balance  decidedly 
in  favour  of  the  University  by  a  good  fourth  vo- 
lume. I  never  knew  till  now  that  some  attempt 
at  the  Pappus  had  been  made.  Horsley  (Nichols's 
Anecdotes,  iv.  675.),  speaking  of  the  woodcuts  for 
his  edition  of  Newton,  writes  thus  (July  6,  1776)  : 

"  I  shall  find  out  the  person  who  cuts  the  figures  for 
the  Oxford  Pappus.  As  that  is  to  be  a  splendid  work,  I 
dare  say  the  curators  of  the  press  have  some  able  work- 
men in  this  way." 

I  have  never  seen  nor  heard  of  this  splendid  work, 
and  am  afraid  it  never  was  published.  Why  it 
failed,  is  clear  enough  :  it  was  taken  out  of  order. 
What  is  the  history  of  the  plan  ?  Who  was  the 
editor  ?  Are  any  of  his  collections  in  existence  ? 
And  when  does  the  University  intend  to  resume 
the  undertaking  ?  A.  De  Morgan. 


CHARLES    COTTON. 

It  is  curious  how  little  we  know  of  this  volu- 
minous writer  and  translator.  That  he  was  of  a 
gentleman's  family,  well  allied,  heir  to  a  landed 
estate,  Beresford  Hall  in  Derbyshire,  educated  at 
Cambridge,  and  travelled  on  the  Continent,  are 
known  :  that  he  was  a  man  of  genius  is  beyond 
question  ;  his  translation  of  Montaigne  has  all  the 
ease  and  fluency  of  an  original  work ;  and  so  far 
as  I  know  he  was  as  free  from  vice  and  profligacy 
as  might  be  expected  in  the  friend  of  Izaac 
Walton.  Clarendon,  I  think,  mentions  that  his 
father  was  engaged  in  some  law  proceedings, 
which  probably  hurt  his  fortune ;  but  the  estate, 
whether  encumbered  or  not,  descended  to  the  son, 
who  was  twice  well  married,  —  the  first  time  to  the 
daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Hutchinson  of  Owthorpe, 
sister  to  Colonel  Hutchinson,  a  man  of  fortune 
and  influence  in  his  time,  though  now  remembered 
only  by  the  Memoir  written  by  his  admirable 
wife ;  secondly,  to  the  Countess-Dowager  of  Ard- 
glass,  who,  we  are  told,  had  a  jointure  of  1500/. 
a-year.  Cotton,  it  is  true,  lived  in  ticklish  times, 
but  I  am  not  aware  that  he  suffered  from  either 
party,  and  it  is  certain  that  he  had  powerful 
friends  in  both.  Yet  Cotton  would  appear  to 
have  worked  almost  as  a  literary  drudge,  to  have 


done  the  hurried  bidding  of  the  booksellers,  after 
the  established  hack  fashion,  or  to  have  adven- 
tured on  like  speculations  of  his  own.  I  re- 
member, indeed,  one  amusing  proof  of  haste, 
where  he  translates  so  literally  that  he  calls 
Buckingham  ^' Bouquinquam,  the  English  general." 
Cotton  appears  to  have  been  always  involved,  — 
sometimes  in  gaol, — not  unfrequently  indebted  for 
his  liberty  to  the  wild  inaccessible  hills  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  Beresford  Hall.  How  was  this  ? 
I  throw  out  the  question  in  the  hope  that  we  may 
gain  some  information  from  the  many  well- 
informed  correspondents  of  "  N.  &  Q."  *    C.  H.  C. 


The  Mincio.  —  The  Lago  di  Garda,  the  Benacus 
of  classical  writers,  is  described  in  Murray's 
Handbook  for  Northern  Italy,  as  "  formed  by  the 
river  Mincio  descending  the  Alps  of  the  Italian 
Tyrol,"  and  this  is  in  accordance  with  Pliny's  ac- 
count; the  Mincio,  however,  is  no  longer  the 
source,  but  only  the  outlet,  of  the  Lake  of  Garda. 
Its  principal  feeder  is  now  called  the  Sarca,  which 
is  crossed  as  you  wind  round  the  head  of  the  lake 
from  Riva  to  Torbole.  A  small  town  of  the  same 
name  is  found  some  ten  miles  to  the  north,  about 
equidistant  between  Riva  and  Trent,  and  is  sup- 
posed to  be  the  ancient  Sarraca,  which  is  only 
recorded  by  Ptolemy.  Cramer  does  not  mention 
the  Sarca,  and  I  should  feel  obliged  if  one  of  your 
many  learned  correspondents  could  inform  me 
when  the  Upper  Mincio  lost  its  name,  and  as- 
sumed that  by  which  it  is  now  alone  known. 

John  J.  A.  Boase. 
Alverton  Vean. 

How  do  Oysters  make  their  Shells  ?  —  Shak- 
speare  makes  the  fool  ask  King  Lear  this  query, 
and  the  king  does  not  answer  it.  Will  some  one 
inform  me  whence  is  the  lime  derived  of  which 
the  oyster  shell  is  composed  ?  Can  it  be  obtained 
from  the  sea  w^ter  only  ?  A,  Holt  White. 

Fact  or  Allegory  ?  —  Dr.  Castell,  the  learned 
Orientalist,  got  into  trouble  with  his  diocesan 
(Lincoln),  and  was  extricated  by  the  good  offices 
of  the  Bishop  of  London,  whom  he  writes  to 
thank,  inter  alia,  as  follows,  in  1 684  : 

"  By  your  Lordship's  signal  and  singular  favour,  I 
waded  out  of  that  trouble,  though  with  no  small  difficulty. 
It  cost  me  little  less  than  300  miles'  riding,  in  which  1 
saw  not  the  least  foot  of  land  all  the  while  I  was  upon  my 
horse.    .    .    ." 

As  the  Doctor  waded  out  of  his  trouble,  it  may  be 

[*  Much  of  Cotton's  literary  history  is  told  in  Kippis's 
Biographia  Britannica,  &c.,  but  the  curious  points  how 
he  came  to  be  a  bookseller's  hack,  in  debt  and  in  gaol, 
raised  by  our  correspondent,  are  well  deserving  of  inves- 
tigation. —  Ed.  *'  N.  &  Q."] 


2»d  s.  NO  88.,  Sept.  20.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEBIES. 


229 


tliat  all  tliis  water  was  nothing  but  the  water  of 
affliction  ;  but  the  sentence  is  so  positive,  and  the 
reference  so  limited — -for  the  water  of  affliction 
would  have  been  seen  round  his  table  and  bed  as 
well  as  round  his  horse  —  that  a  fair  doubt  exists. 
The  fenny  counties  were  very  wet  in  those  days ; 
could  a  man  have  done  the  three  hundred  miles 
literally  in  water  ?  M. 

Sa7-acens.  —  What  may  be  the  derivation  of 
this  name  ?  Abhba. 

Armorial.  —  To  what  name  do  the  following 
arms  appertain  ?  Gu.  on  a  chevron  or,  between 
three  ro.ses  ar.  slipped,  barbed,  and  seeded  ppr., 
three  tortea-uxes.  The  tincture  of  the  torte^uxes 
is  uncert9,in.  Chevebells. 

Continuation  of  "  Candide.'"  —  I  wish  to  ascer- 
tain when  the  continuation  of  Candide  was  pub- 
lished ?  It  is  not  in  my  edition  of  Voltaire,  and  I 
have  seen  it  stated  that  it  was  completed  after  his 
deatli  from  an  unfinished  MS.,  which  from  its 
inferiority  appears  likely.  I  have  heard  also  that 
there  is  an  English  translation,  with  some  valuable 
matter  in  the  preface,  but  J  have  never  seen  it. 
Can  you  assist  me  on  these  points  ?  J. 

Edward  Birch,  Serjeant-at-Law.  —  Wanted  the 
parentage  of  Serjeant  Edward  Birch,  who  was 
living  towards  the  close  of  the  seventeenth,  or  the 
commencement  of  the  eighteenth,  century. 

J.  B. 

"  A  Peep  at  the  Wiltshi7'e  Assizes  "  —  A  Peep  at 
the  Wiltshire  Assizes,  a  Serio-Ludicrous  Poem,  by 
One  who  is  but  an  Attorney.  Can  any  of  your 
readers  inform  me  who  is  author  of  the  above,  a 
12mo.  publication  of  ninety-two  pages,  pj-Inted  by 
Brodie  and  Dowdney,  Salisbury ;  no  date,  but 
Circa  1820?  R.  H.  B. 

Bath. 

"  Parliamentary  Debate  on  a  Resolution  for  the 
Admission  of  Ladies  to  the  Gallery  of  the  House  of 
Commons,  1840."  —  Who  is  the  author  of  this  jeu 
d'espi-it?  It  was  written  for  school  recitation  jjt 
Christmas.  Also  of  the  following  work,  Prome- 
theus Britannicus,  or  John  and  the  Rural  Police ; 
by  a  Rugbsean,  1840  ?  R.  J. 

"  Stanzas  in  Continuation  of  Don  Juan."  —  Who 
is  the  author  of  this  poem,  contained  in  a  volume 
entitled  Rodolph,  a  Dramatic  Fragment,  &-c.,  by  a 
Minor,  1832?  R.  J. 

Bennet,  Sfc,  Families.— Have  any  of  your  num-^ 
berless  readers  any  documents,  heraldic  paintings, 
pedigrees,  or  notes,  in  their  possession,  relating  fo 
any  of  the  following  families  ?  Rennet  of  Somer- 
set and  Wilts  ;  Bower  of  Yorkshire ;  Hallam  of 
fjs^e^ ;    Strode    of    Somerset ;    or    Chapman   of 


Somerset.  If  they  have,  and  would  kindly  allow 
me  a  copy  of  them,  they  would  confer  a  very 
great  favour  Indeed  upon  me.  J.  G.  H.  S. 

The  Battle  of  Brunnanbwh.  —  In  Sharon  Tur- 
ner's History  of  th^  Anglo-Saxons,  it  Is  stated  that 
"  Anlaf  commenced  the  warfare  by  entering  the 
Humber  with  a  fleet  of  615  ships."  (See  pp.  177, 
178.,  edit.  1823.)  Probably  some  of  the  more 
favoured  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  will  oblige  me 
with  the  authorities  who  have  said  that  Anlaf 
sailed  up  the  Humber  ?  T.  T.  W. 

Coventry  God-cakes.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
give  me  information  respecting  the  ancient  cus- 
tom in  the  city  of  Coventry  of  sending  God-cakes 
on  the  first  day  of  the  year.  They  are  used  by 
all  classes,  and  vary  In  price  from  a  half-penny  to 
one  pound.  They  are  invariably  made  in  a  tri- 
angular shape,  an  inch  thick,  and  filled  with  a 
kind  of  mince-meat.  I  believe  tlie  custom  is  pe- 
culiar to  that  city,  and  should  be  glad  to  know 
more  about  Its  origin.  So  general  is  the  use  of 
them  on  January  I,  that  the  clieaper  sorts  are 
hawked  about  the  streets,  as  hot-cross-buns  are 
on  Good  Friday  in  London.  J.  W.  S. 

Hoxton. 

Order  of  St.  Michael  in  France.  —  Is  there  any 
particular  history  of  this  order  of  knighthood  ? 
01'  any  list  of  the  early  knights  to  be  consulted  ? 
The  order  was  founded  in  1469,  and  the  knights 
originally  limited  to  thirty-six.  It  was  confcired 
on  King  Edward  VI.  In  1551  ;  and  on  the  Duke 
of  Norfolk  and  Earl  of  Leicester  in  1566.  Query, 
Whether  on  any  other  Englishman  ?         J.  G.  N. 

Troia. — Is  there  any  published  account  of  the 
remains  of  a  town  called  by  the  Portuguese  Troia? 
The  ruins  extend  for  upwards  of  a  Portuguese 
league  on  the  strip  of  sand  which  forms  the  sea 
boundary  of  the  harbour  of  Setubal.  R.  M. 

Villa  Nova,  Sept.  20,  1856. 

Physiology.  —  How  is  the  effect  that  the  pre- 
sence of  a  cat  In  a  room  has  upon  certain  people, 
although  they  have  no  means  of  knowing  of  its 
presence  bv  any  of  the  five  senses,  to  be  accounted 
for  ?  '  J.  E. 

Portrait  of  Merrick.  —  Is  there  any  known  and 
authenticated  portrait  of  James  Merrick,  the  poet, 
and  where  it  can  be  found  ?  The  latter  part  of 
his  life  was  spent  at  Reading.  Ovns. 

The  Indefinite  Article  "  an."  -r-  Lately  perusing 
the  Rev.  R.  Chenevix  Trench's  Lessons  in  Pro- 
verbs, I  was  struck  with  the  frequent  use,  or  as  It 
seemed  to  me  misuse,. of  the  Indefinite  article  an 
before  words  beginning  with  an  aspirate  ;  as,  for 
instance,  an  house,  an  happier  title,  an  higher 
meaning,  8ic,    In  the  course  of  a  hasty  perusal  I 


230 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  38.,  Sept.  20.  'oG. 


noted  down  no  fewer  than  ten  instances.  Surely 
tliere  is  no  sufficient  warrant  for  this.  If  it  be 
pleaded  that  such  is  the  older  form  of  writing,  and 
of  frequent  occurrence  in  tl)e  Bible  and  other 
books,  the  plea  might  be  admitted  if  Mr.  Trench's 
practice  were  consistent  with4tself,  but  numerous 
as  are  such  examples,  they  are  yet  exceptional 
with  him,  Mr.  Trench  following  for  the  most  part 
the  generally  recognised  rule.  Can  such  an  ar- 
bitrary preference  be  defended  ?  J.  B. 
Prestwich. 


St.  Tiidno.  —  Can  any  of  your  correspondents, 
learned  in  Cambrian  Anihaeology,  give  me,  or 
direct  me  where  I  could  find,  any  information 
with  respect  to  St.  Tiidno,  to  whom  some  churches 
in  Wales  are  dedicated  ?  A.  G.  H. 

Clifton. 

[We  are  indebted  to  a  pfentleman  well  versed  in  Cam- 
brian antiquities  for  the  following  curious  notices  of  St. 
Tudno  and  his  family  :  — 

"An  inundation  —  probably  the  third  which  had  oc- 
curred—  of  the  Lowlands  now  submerged  beneath  the 
waters  of  Cardigan  Bay,  is  thus  commemorated  in  the  37th 
Triad  (Triads  of  the  Isle  of  Britain):  —  'Three  capital 
drunkards  in  the  Isle  of  Britain:  Geraint  (Gerontius, 
Angl.  Grant),  the  drunkard  King  of  Siluria,  who  in  a  fit 
of  intoxication  committed  to  the  flames  the  whole  extent 
of  ripe  grain  in  his  territories,  whence  ensued  a  famine 
of  bread.  Second,  Vortigern  Vorthfenau,  who,  in  his 
drunken  revelry,  for  permission  to  take  his  daughter 
Ronwen  (Rowena)  for  his  mistress,  made  over  to  Ilorsa 
the  Saxon  the  Isle  of  Thanet:  wheni^e  originated  the 
treason  against  the  race  of  the  Kymbri.  The  third, 
Seithenin  the  Drunkard,  the  son  of  Seithj^n  Saidi,  King 
of  Dimetia,  who,  in  his  intoxication,  let  in  the  ocean 
through  the  flood-gates,  over  the  Cantrev  y  Gwaelod 
(the  Lowland  Hundred),  and  thus  destroyed  sixteen  of 
the  noblest  cities  of  Cambria,  inferior  to  none  in  tiie  king- 
dom but  Carleon-on-Uske.  The  Lowland  Hundred  was 
the  patrimony  of  Guyddno  Garantur  (Venutius  Long- 
shanks),  and  the  inundation  took  place  in  the  reign  of 
Ambrosius  the  British  Emperor,     (a.d.  470.)' 

"  In  consequence  of  the  loss  of  their  hereditary  estates, 
and  of  the  odium  excited  in  the  public  mind  by  the  act 
of  their  father,  the  children  of  Seithenin  embraced  a 
religious  life :  taking  the  monastic  vow  in  the  monastery 
of  Great  Bangor  on  the  Dee.  These  children  were :  — 
1.  GwynodI,  son  of  Seithenyn,  the  founder  of  Llan-Gwy- 
nodl,  Carnarvonshire.  Festival,  January  1.  2.  Merin 
or  Merini,  son  of  Seithenyn,  founder  of  Llan-Venn,  Mon- 
mouthshire. Festival,  January  6.  His  residence  for 
nianj'  years,  as  a  popular  instructor  to  as  many  as  chose 
to  attend  his  school,  was  at  Bod-verin,  now  the  name  of 
a  chapel  under  Llaniesten,  Carnarvonshire  3.  Senfevyr, 
a  .saint:  no  memorial.  4.  Tudglyd,  a  saint:  no  me- 
morial. 5.  Tyneio,  founder  of  Llan-dyneio,  a  daughter- 
church  under  Llanvarn,  Carnarvonshire.  6.  Tudno, 
founder  of  Llan-dudno,  Carnarvonshire.  Commemora- 
tion, June  .5th,  obiit  circiter  a.d.  .540. 

"  The  close  of  St.  Tudno's  life  was  spent  at  the  Her- 
mitage, which,  after  his  demise,  was  erected  into  a  church 
named  after  him,  and  a  grant  of  land  by  way  of  endow- 
ment made  over  to  it  bj'  Malgon,  King  of  Britain  and 
Prince  of  Wales,  who  at  the  same  time  elevated  the 


monastery  of  Bangor  on  the  Menai  into  an  episcopal  see. 
Edward  1st  attached  the  manor  of  St.  Tudno  to  the 
Bishopric  of  Bangor.  It  was  usual  with  the  British  mis- 
Monaries  and  recluses  to  select  for  their  retreat  and 
school  some  spot  hallowed  in  the  popular  estimation  by 
its  prior  associations  with  Druidism ;  many  tenets  of 
which  were  incorporated  by  them,  as  the  writings  of 
Taliesin  abundantly  evince,"  into  their  system  of  Chris- 
tianity. St.  Tudno  selected  the  precipitous  eminence  now 
known  as  the  Great  St.  Orme's  Head,  on  which  the 
sacred  fire,  after  being  borne  across  the  Menai  from 
Anglese}%  was  first  exhibited  on  the  vernal  festival  of 
1st  May;  and  from  Avhich,  by  the  enactments  of  the 
Druidic  religion,  every  family  in  the  kingdom  was 
obliged  to  re-kindle  its  hearth-stone  or  domestic  tire,  ex- 
tinguished under  the  operation  of  the  same  laws  the 
preceding  night.  The  usage  was  in  full  force  in  Bre- 
tagne  in  the  11th  century,  and  probably  supplied  William 
the  Conqueror  with  the  first  notion  of  the 'Couvrt>-feu* 
regulation.  The  Druidic  monument  by  which  St.  Tudno 
was  accustomed  to  take  his  stand  and  address  the  con- 
course that  flocked  to  his  preaching  remains  pretty  much 
in  its  original  condition.  Being  '  a  Logan,'  an  oscillating 
or  rocking  stone,  the  peasantry  have  named  it  Cryd 
Tudno, '  Tudno's  Cradle.' "] 

Uthwait  Family.  —  Can  you  inform  me  what 
are  the  armorial  bearings  of  the  family  of  Uth- 
wait, of  Great  Linford,  co.  Bucks  ?  They  appear 
to  have  come  into  possession  of  the  estate  about 
the  commencement  of  last  century,  in  accordance 
with  the  will  of  a  relative.  Sir  William  Pritchard, 
an  Alderman  of  London.  Where  was  this  family 
settled  previously  ?  Is  Uthwait  the  same  name  as 
Huthwaite,  only  differently  spelt  ?  E.  H.  A. 

[The  name  is  spelt  Uthwatt  by  Lipscomb  (Bucks, 
vol.  iv.  p.  222.),  who  states  that  Sir  William  Pritchard 
bequeathed  the  manor,  after  his  lady's  decease,  to  his  two 
nephew.s,  Richard  Uthwatt  and  Daniel  King,  Esqs.  Ri- 
chard Uthwatt  having  purchased  Daniel  King's  interest, 
died  possessed  thereof  in  1719;  audit  descended  to  his 
eldest  son  and  heir,  Thomas  Uthwatt,  Esq ,  who  held  the 
same  in  1742;  and  dying  in  1754,  left  an  only  daughter, 
Catharine,  who  was  married  to  Matthew  Knapp,  Esq.,  of 
Little  Linford.  Henr3'  Uthwatt,  Esq.,  of  Great  Linford, 
having  married  the  daughter  of  Sir  -John  Chester,  Bart, 
of  Chicheley,  and  having  no  issue,  bequeathed  this 
estate,  after  the  decease  of  his  wife,  to  his  godson  and  re- 
lation, Henr}'  Uthwatt  Andrewes,  Esq.,  who  thereupon 
took  the  surname,  of  Uthwatt  only.  Arms  :  Quarterly; 
1.  Az.  a  lion  ramp.  arg.  2.  Arg.  a  bend  S.  cotized 
charged  with  three  mullets  of  the  first;  between  two 
cotizes.  3  as  2.  .  4.  as  1.:  impaling  party  per  fe.ss  arg. 
and  S.  a  chev.  S.  and  arg.  between  three  rams'  beads 
erased,  counter  changed,  armed  Or.] 

"  Gradus  ad  Purnassum."  —  Can  any  of  your 
correspondents  furnish  me  with  the  date  and  place 
of  printing  of  the  first  edition  of  the  Gradus  ad 
Parnassum ;  if  he  can  add  the  compiler's  name  so 
much  the  better.  I  have  seen  the  book  many 
years  since  in  London,  but  do  not  know  into  whose 
hands  it  may  now  have  fallen.  It  is  a  thick  well 
printed  quarto  volume.  Ovtis. 

[The  author  of  Gradus  ad  Pnrnnssum  was  Paul  Aler,  a 
learned  French  Jesuit,  born  in  1656  at  St.  Guy  in  the  Lux- 
emburgh.    He  was  professor  of  philosophy,  theology,  and 


2"d  S.  No  38.,  Sept.  20.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


231 


the  belles  lettres  at  Cologne  until  the  j-ear  1691.  He 
afterwards  delivered  a  course  of  lectures  on  theology  at 
the  University  of  Treves,  and  was  appointed  in  1703 
,  regent  of  the  gymnastic  school.  He  died  in  1727  at 
Dueren,  in  the  Duchy  of  Juliers.  According  to  Barbier 
he  published  the  Gradus  ad  Farnassum  at  Cologne  about 
1680.] 

"  D?'.  HookwelV  —  Can  you  inform  me  who 
wrote  the  novel  Doctor  Hoohvell,  three  vohmies, 
London,  1842  ?  R.  J. 

[The  authorship  of  this  work  has  been  given  to  se- 
veral clergvmen  of  literary  repute,  in  addition  to  the 
more  distinguished  names  of  Bisliop  Wilberforce,  the 
Eight  Hon.  W.  E.  Gladstone,  Mr  Monckton  Milnes,  and 
Lord  John  Manners;  but  we  are  enabled  positively  to 
state  tliat  it  was  written  by  the  late  Rev.  Robert  Armi- 
tage,  of  Easthope,  Salop.  Mr.  Armitage  was  the  author 
of  two  other  works  of  fiction,  nainely,  Erne.tt  Singleton, 
and  The  Penscellwond  Papers,  and  of  two  books  of  a 
graver  character,  T/ie  Religious  Life  of  Dr.  Johnson,  and 
The  Primitive  Church  in  its  Episcopacy.  Mr.  Armitage 
died  on  Feb.  2,  1852.] 

Pedigrees.  —  I  am^desirous  of  tracing  the  de- 
scent of  a  person  now  living  from  ancestors  who 
flourished  in  the  time  of  Queen  Mary.  What 
course  shall  I  adopt  ?  O.  Mallet. 

[Our  correspondent  would  do  well  to  consult  the  very 
useful  Manual  for  the  Genealogist,  Topographer,  and  An- 
tiquary, by  Mr.  Sims  of  the  British  Museum,  recently 
noticed  by  us.  It  will  direct  him  how  to  search  the 
various  Repositories  of  Genealogical  information.  He 
would  also  find  Mr.  Sims's  Index  to  the  Heralds'  Visita- 
tions of  great  assistance.] 


2RcpItc«{. 

chatterton's  portrait. 

(2"''  S.  ii.  171.) 

J.  M.  G.  remarks  that  he  happened  to  know 
the  history  of  the  presumed  portrait,  and  that 
it  was  not  painted  for  Chatterton,  but  some 
•youth  in  Bristol,  name  unknown,  and  that  it  was 
picked  up  at  an  old  clothes'  shop  in  the  Pithay  in 
that  city.  The  above  statement  is  partially  cor- 
rect, but  not  wholly  so,  presuming  the  information 
contained  in  the  following  letter  to  be  correct, 
which  for  my  own  part  I  can  see  no  reason  to 
doubt. 

"  Sugar  House,  Back  Street, 
"Nov.  23,  1837. 
"  My  dear  ]\Iiller, 
"  For  a  wonder  I  did  not  come  to  town  yesterday,  or  I 
would  have  replied  to  j-our  note  by  the   bearer.     You 
therein  ask  me  to  state  what  I  know  concerning  the  por- 
trait of  Chatterton,  lately  published  by  Mr.  Dix.     I  will 
tell  you.    About  twenty-five  years  ago  I  became   im- 
pressed with  the  notion  that  I  had  a  taste  for  pictures, 
and  fancied,  like  all  so  impressed,  that  I  had  only  to 
rummage  brokers'  shops  to  possess  nij'sclf  of  gems  and 
hidden  treasures  without  number ;  which  illusion  a  little 
practical  knowledge  soon  'dismissed  with  costs.'    It  hap- 
pened that  a  gentleman  in  whose  house  I  then  resided, 


being  at  that  time  a  bachelor,  became  also  touched  with 
the  same  mania,  and  in  one  of  his  peregrinations  picked 
up  the  picture  you  mention  of  at  a  broker's  in  Castle 
Ditch,  at  a  house  now  the  Castle  and  Ball  Tavern.  The 
broker's  name  was  Beer.  At  the  back  of  the  portrait  was 
written  with  a  brush,  '  F.  Morris,  aged  13.'  As  well  as  I 
can  recollect,  the  gentleman  who  purchased  it,  in  a  plaj'- 
ful  mood,  said,  'This  portrait  will  do  for  Chatterton,'  and 
immediately  placed  the  name  of  Chatterton  over  that  of 
F.  Morris.  What  became  of  it  afterwards,  or  how  it 
came  into  the  hands  of  the  present  possessor,  I  am  quite 
ignorant  of.  While  in  the  hands  of  the  gentleman  above- 
mentioned,  I  showed  it  to  Mr.  Stewart,  the  portrait 
painter,  who  recognised  it  at  once  as  the  portrait  of  young 
Morris,  the  son  of  Morris  the  portrait  painter.  This  is 
all  I  know,  and  you  are  at  liberty  to  make  what  use  you 
please  of  it. 

"  I  am,  yours  truly, 

"  Geo.  Burge. 

"  Mr.  Miller  sent  the  above  to  the  Rev.  John  Eagles, 
who  gave  the  letter  to  me  (Richard  Smith,  Surgeon)." 

Tiie  above  appeared  in  the  Gentleman'' s  Maga- 
zine for  December,  1838,  together  with  a  long 
article  from  the  pen  of  the  late  Richard  Smith, 
Esq.,  the  eminent  surgeon  of  this  city  ;  a  gentle- 
man who  preserved  with  much  care  everything 
connected  with  Bristol.  J.  D.  L. 

Stapleton  Road,  Bristol. 


It  is  with  something  like  a  painful  feeling  that 
I  learn  from  J.  M.  G.  that  tiie  portrait  given  by 
Dix  in  his  Life  of  Chatterton  as  that  of  tlie  "  mar- 
vellous boy"  is  spurious.  If  such  be  the  fact  with 
regard  to  the  portrait  in  the  work  alluded  to,  im- 
plying, as  it  seems  to  do,  a  want  of  caution  some- 
where, if  nothing  worse,  may  I  be  permitted  to 
ask  J.  M.  G.  whether  the  biographical  narratlv^ 
to  which  the  portrait  is  prefixed  is  to  be  trusted 
as  generally  correct  ?  I  have  no  objection  to 
fiction  in  its  place  ;  but  in  reading  what  is  pub- 
lished in  the  fonn  of  a  serious  memoir,  one  does 
not  like  to  be  abused  by  the  introduction  of  in- 
cidents which  had  no  existence,  except  in  the 
imaitination  of  the  author.  D. 


OLD   HOUSE    AT   POPLAR. 

(2"i  S.  ii.  129.) 

The  question  of  Mr.  Sinister  is  an  Interesting 
one  to  local  antiquaries,  and  I  venture  to  write  a 
line  in  reference  to  it,  although  I  am  not  Mr. 
Hart.  The  extensive  and  ancient  shipyard  to 
which  Mr.  Sinister  alludes  was  once  far  more 
extensive.  It  has  been  divided  into  three  por- 
tions: one  being  included  in  the  East  India  Docks, 
a  second  forming  the  establishment  of  Messrs. 
Green,  and  the  third  constituting  that  of  Messrs. 
Wigram.  On  the  premises  of  the  latter  is  a 
building  which  is  old,  but  not  so  old  as  your  cor- 
respondent states.      A  stone   let  into   the   wall, 


232 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s,  jfo  88.,  Sept.  20,  '5G. 


with  the  monogram  of  H.  J.  =  Henry  Johnson, 
has  inscribed  upon  it,  "Built  Anno  1612,  rebuilt 
1678."  The  natural  inference  from  this  would 
be,  that  the  dockyard  took  its  rise  in  1612  ;  but 
Mr.  S.  states  that  he  knows  the  dock  to  have 
been  in  existence  before  the  house.  I  for  one 
should  take  it  as  a  special  favour  if  he  would 
communicate  the  facts.  In  preparing  some  time 
since  a  History  of  Millwall,  I  endeavoured  to 
obtain  information  about  these  premises.  A  map 
of  1588  is  without  the  dock;  but  in  1593,  War- 
den, under  the  head  of  Blackwall,  says  :  "  neere 
which  is  a  harbour  in  the  Thamis  for  shipping  ; 
the  place  taketh  name  of  the  blacknes  or  darke- 
nes  of  the  water  bankes  or  wall  at  that  place." 
This  reference  is  evidently  to  the  river,  and  the 
natural  conclusion  is,  that  the  dock  was  originally 
constructed  for  the  use  of  the  shipping  there. 
Mr.  Pepys  speaks  of  the  place  under  date  Sept.  22, 
1665,  at  Blackwall:  "Here  is  observable  what 
Johnson  tells  us,  that  in  digging  the  late  doch"  Sec. 
It  would  appear  from  this,  that  a  dock  was  con- 
structed at  Blackwall  about  1665.  The  pedigree 
of  Johnson's  family  will  be  found  in  tlie  Harleian 
MS.  1468,  in  the  Visitation  of  Middlesex,  1664, 
by  W.  Ryley  and  Henry  Dethicke ;  the  latter  of 
whom  resided  at  Poplar,  in  a  house  which  stood 
on  the  ground  now  occupied  by  that  in  which 
Mr.  Westhorpe  lives. 

On  the  exterior  of  the  building  to  which  your 
correspondent  refers,  there  is  a  coat  of  arms 
carved  in  wood.  Mr.  Wigram  informed  me  that 
these  were  the  arms  of  the  old  East  India  Com- 
pany. In  the  offices  is  preserved  a  painting  by 
Hillman,  representing  these  docks  as  they  ap- 
peared in  1784.  I  believe  there  is  a  coloured 
engraving  of  this  picture,  a  copy  of  which  may  be 
seen  in  the  King's  Library  at  the  British  Museum, 
vol.  xxi.  It  would  not  be  very  difficult  to  fur- 
nish a  few  particulars  of  the  history  of  these  docks. 
I  shall  be  happy  to  assist  Mr.  Sinister  if  he  will 
communicate  with  me.  B.  H.  Cowper. 

East  India  Road. 


GREAT  EVENTS  FROM  SMALL  CAUSES. 

(2°'i  S.  ii.  43.) 

"  The  Mission  of  Augustine  is  one  of  the  most  striking 
instances  in  all  historj'  of  the  vast  results  which  may 
flow  from  a  very  small  beginning,  —  of  the  immense 
effects  produced  by  a  single  thought  in  the  heart  of  a 
single  man,  carried  out  conscientiously,  deliberately,  and 
fearlessly.  Nothing  in  itself  could  seem  more  trivial  than 
the  meeting  of  Gregory  with  the  three  Yorkshire  boys  in 
the  market -pli^ce  at  Rome:  yet  this  I'oused  a  feeling  in 
his  mind  which  he  never  lost;  and  through  all  the  ob- 
stacles which  were  thrown  first  in  his  own  way,  and  then 
in  tliat  of  Augustine,  his  highest  desire  concerning  it  was 

more  than  realised Let  any  one  sit  on  the  hill 

of  the  little  church  of  St.  Maytin  and  look  on  the  view 


which  is  there  spread  before  his  eyes.  Immediately 
below  are  the  towers  of  the  great  Abbey  of  St.  Augustine, 
where  Christian  learning  and  civilisation  first  struck 
root  in  the  Anglo-Saxon  race;  and  within  which  now, 
after  a  lapse  of  many  centuries,  a  new  institution  has' 
arisen,  intended  to  carry  far  and  wide,  to  countries  of 
which  Gregory  and  Augustine  never  heard,  the  blessings 
which  they  gave  to  us.  Carry  your  view  on,  —  and  there 
rises  high  above  all  the  magnificent  pile  of  Canterbury 
Cathedral,  equal  in  splendour  and  state  to  any  the  noblest 
temple  or  church  that  Augustine  could  have  seen  in  an- 
cient Rome,  rising  on  the  very  ground  which  derives  its 
consecration  from  him.  And  still  more  than  the  grandeur 
of  outward  buildings  that  rose  from  the  little  church  of 
Augustine  and  the  little  palace  of  Ethelbert  have  been 
the  institutions  of  all  kinds  of  which  these  were  the 
earliest  cradle.  From  Canterbury,  the  tirst  English 
Christian  city — from  Kent  the  first  English  Christian 
kingdom  —  has  by  degrees  arisen  the  whole  constitution 
of  Church  and  State  in  England,  which  now  binds  together 
the  whole  British  empire.  And  from  the  Christianity' 
here  established  has  flowed,  by  direct  consequence,  first, 
the  Christianity  of  Germany, — then,  after  a  long  interval, 
of  North  America,  —  and  lastly  we  may  trust,  in  time,  of 
all  India  and  all  Australasia."  The  view  from  St.  Mar- 
tin's church  is  indeed  one  of  the  most  inspiriting  that  can 
be  found  in  the  world ;  there  ^  none  to  which  I  would 
more  willingly  take  any  one  who  doubted  whether  a 
small  beginning  could  lead  to  a  great  and  lasting  good,— 
none  which  carries  us  back  more  vividly  into  the  past,  or 
more  hopefully  to  the  future."  —  Stanley's  Historical 
Memorials  of  Chnterhury,  p.  33, 

A.  A.  D. 


PREMATURE   INTERMENTS. 
(2"'l  S.  ii.  103.) 

To  the  curious  list  of  works  on  this  subject 
given  by  Mr.  Bates  may  be  added  a  very  sin- 
gular sermon,  preached  in  the  Presbyterian 
Chapel  of  Lancaster,  July  17,  1803,  by  the  Rev. 
S.  Girle,  and  subsequently  printed,  entitled  The 
Duty  of  the  Relations  of  those  who  are  in  Dan- 
gerous Illnesses,  and  the  Hazard  of  hasty  Inter' 
ments.  It  is  dedicated  to  Dr.  Wm.  Hawes,  by 
whose  encouragement  it  appeared  in  print.  The 
preacher  quotes  the  passage  that  follows  from  an 
address  issued  by  Dr.  Hawes  as  a  member  of  the 
Royal  Humane  Society  : 

"  The  custom  of  laying  out  the  bodies  of  persons  supposed 
to  he  dead,  as  soon  as  respiration  ceases,  and  the  interment 
of  them  before  the  signs  of  putrefaction  appear,  has  been 
frequently  opposed  by  men  of  learning  and  humanity  ja 
this  and  other  countries.  Mons.  Bruhier  in  particular, 
a  phj'sician  of  great  eminence  in  Paris,  published  a  piece, 
about  30  years  ago,  entitled  The  Uncertainty  of  the  Signs 
of  Death;  in  which  he  plearly  proved  from  the  testi- 
monies of  various  authors,  and  the  attestations  of  unex- 
ceptionable witnesses,  that  many  persons  who  have  been 
buried  alive,  an4  were  providentially  discovered  in  that 
state,  had  been  rescued  from  the  grave,  and  enjoyed  the 
pleasures  of  society  for  several  years  after.  But  notwith- 
standing the  numerous  and  well  authenticated  facts  of  this 
kind,  the  custom  above  mentioned  remains  in  full  force. 
As  soon  as  the  semblance  of  death  appears,  the  bed  clothes 
are  removed,  and  the  body  is  exposed  to  the  air ;  which, 
when  cold,  must  extinguish  the  little  spark  of  life  that  inay 


i?»d  s,  No  38.,  Sept.  20.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


233 


remain,  and  which,  by  a  different  treatment,  might  have 
been  kindled  into  flame." 

There  is  an  elegant  allusion  in  the  closing 
words  of  Dr.  Hawes  to  the  motto  of  the  medal 
given  by  the  Humane  Society  :  "  Latent  scintil- 
lula  forsan."  I  cannot  gather  from  the  sermon 
that  Mr.  Girle  had  been  attracted  to  the  subject 
by  any  known  instance  of  hasty  interment  having 
occurred  at  Lancaster.  The  "proofs"  that  he 
quotes  are  the  case  of  Mrs.  Godfrey,  Mistress  of 
the  Jewel  Office,  and  sister  of  the  great  Duke  of 
Marlborough,  who  lay  in  a  trance,  apparently 
dead,  for  seven  days ;  and  was  even  declared  by 
her  medical  attendants  to  be  dead.  Colonel  God- 
frey, her  husband,  would  not  allow  her  to  be  in- 
terred, or  the  body  to  be  treated  in  the  manner  of 
a  corpse ;  and  on  the  eighth  day  she  awoke,  with- 
out any  consciousness  of  her  long  insensibility. 
The  authority  assigned  for  this  story  is  Mr. 
Peckard,  Master  of  Magdalen  College,  in  a  work 
entitled  Further  Observations  on  the  Doctrine  of 
an  Intermediate  State. 

Stories  are  also  told  of  a  Mr.  Holland,  impro- 
perly treated  as  dead,  who  revived,  however, 
only  to  die  from  the  effects  of  exposure  to  cold  in 
the  grave  dress  ;  and  of  a  Mrs.  Chaloner,  a  lady 
of  Yorkshire,  who  was  buried  alive,  and  who  was 
found,  on  the  re-opening  of  the  vault  in  which 
she  was  interred,  to  have  burst  open  the  lid  of  her 
coffin,  and  to  be  sitting  upright  in  it.  Mr.  Girle 
makes  use  of  the  statement,  that  on  his  birth  Dr. 
Doddridge  showed  so  little  signs  of  life  that  he 
was  thrown  aside  as  dead,  but  one  of  the  atten- 
dants perceiving  some  motion  took  the  infant 
under  her  charge,  and,  under  her  treatment,  the 
flame  of  life  was  gradually  kindled.  Mr.  Girle, 
in  mentioning  the  Humane  Society,  states  that  it 
was  at  the  outset  exposed  to  much  ridicule :  it 
being  supposed  that  it  was  impossible  to  recover 
to  life  in  the  case  of  persons  drowned. 

R.  Bhook  Aspland. 
Dukinfield. 


Dr.  Graham,  who  is  mentioned  by  your  corre- 
spondent C.  Mansfield  Ingleby.  acquired  great 
wealth  and  an  unenviable  notori;;ty  by  his  pre- 
tensions to  a  power  of  indefinitely  extending  the 
length  of  human  life.  His  boasted  remedies  were 
the  "  Bath  of  Warm  Earth,"  and  an  "  Elixir  of 
Immortality,"  to  which  many  wealthy  persons  be- 
came dupes.  The  history  of  his  career  would  be 
amusing,  and  might  be  instructive,  but  would 
occupy  too  much  of  the  valuable  space  of  "  N.  & 
Q."  _  The  following  account  of  one  of  his  pro- 
ceedings appears  in  a  periodical  publication  of 
1791: 

«  Aug.  2.  —  Dr.  Graham  last  week  informed  the  inha- 
bitants of  Newcastle-upon-Tyne  '  that  he  and  a  young 
lady  intended  to  be  buried  on  Saturday  next  for  positively 
the  last  time ! '    The  Doctor  and  his  f^iir  partner  accord- 


ingly stripped  into  their  first  suits  about  twelve  at  noon, 
and  were  each  interred  up  to  the  chin,  their  heads  beau- 
tifully dressed  and  powdered,  appearing  not  unlike  two 
fine  full-grown  cauliflowers.  Ihese  human  plants  ru- 
maiued  in  this  whimsical  situation  six  hours." 

Artekus. 
Dublin. 


THE    REV.    THOMAS    CRANE,    M.A. 

(2"'i  S.  ii.  124.) 

The  following  account  of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Crane, 
taken  from  Palmer's  Nonconformist  Memorial,  will 
probably  interest  your  correspondent  G.  N. 

"  Mr.  Thomas  Crane,  M.A.,  of  Exeter  College,  Oxford, 
born  at  Plymouth,  where  his  father  was  a  merchant.  Upon 
his  removal  from  the  university  he  became  assistant  to 
Mr.  H.  Allein,  and  at  length  was  put  into  the  living  of 
Hampesham,  in  Dorsetshire,  by  Oliver  Cromwell,  from 
whence  he  was  ejected  at  the  Restoration.  He  afterwards 
settled  at  Beminster,  where  he  continued  till  his  death, 
which  was  a  few  daj-s  after  that  of  Queen  Anne,  171-1, 
aged  eighty-four.  He  was  indicted  in  King  Charles  I.'s 
time,  at  the  sessions  at  Bridport,  where  he  was  publicly 
charged  with  coming  to  divine  service,  &c.,  the  word  not 
being  omitted ;  which  caused  the  indictment  to  be  dis- 
missed, so  that  he  escaped.  From  the  known  character 
of  the  officer  concerned,  it  was  plain  that  this  was  not  the 
fruit  of  an}'  design  to  do  him  service;  it  could  be  im- 
puted to  nothing  but  the  interposition  of  that  Providence 
in  his  favour,  the  honour  of  which  he  had  so  earnestly 
studied  and  endeavoured  to  promote.  For  he  was  so 
great  an  observer  of  the  steps  of  Divine  Providence  to- 
wards himself  and  others,  and  so  frequent  in  his  remarks 
thereon,  that  he  was  commonly  called  Providence.  He  at 
length  published  a  treatise  upon  it  which  is  commended 
by  Mr.  Flavel  in  the  PS.  to  his  book  upon  the  same  sub- 
ject. Mr.  Crane  was  an  hard  student  and  had  a  penetrat- 
ing genius.  His  composures  were  remarkably  judicious. 
He  was  a  good  textuary,  and  an  excellent  casuist,  but 
much  inclined  to  solitude :  a  mirror  of  patience,  and  one  of 
remarkable  charity  to  his  bitterest  enemies,  if  he  found 
them  in  want.  He  continued  the  constant  exercise  of  his 
ministry  till  within  a  month  of  his  death." 

Works : 

"  A  Prospect  of  Divine  Providence.  A  Dedication  of  a 
posthumous  piece  of  Mr.  Lyford's  (his  father-in-law), 
upon  Conscience." 

A.  S.  Smith. 


If  your  correspondent  is  right  in  speaking  of  the 
Rev.  Thomas  Crane  as  a  Puritan,  the  small  con- 
tribution I  now  send  cannot  relate  to  the  same 
person.  G.  N.  may  have  good  grounds,  in  the 
internal  evidence  of  the  volume  he  mentions,  for 
thus  characterising  the  author ;  but  the  dates 
given  in  the  MS.  note  quoted  would  render  it 
more  probable  that  he  was  ejected  as  a  Nonjuror, 
at  the  age  of  fifty-nine,  than  as  a  Nonconformist, 
at  the  age  of  thirty-two. 

I  have  a  small  4to.  volume,  of  which  the  follow- 
ing is  the  full  title  : 

"  Job's  Assurance  of  the  Eesiirrection.  A  Sermon  at 
Winwick,  in  the  County  Palatine  of  Lancaster,  June  20j 


234 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  38.,  Sept.  20.  '56. 


1G89,  at  the  Funeral  of  the  Reverend  Richard  Sherlock, 
D.D.,  hitc  Rector  there.  By  Tho.  Crane,  M.  A.  Li- 
cens'd  .hine  2,  KiOO,  Z.  Isham.  London:  Printed  for 
Philip  Barton,  Bookseller  in  Warrington,  1G90." 

In  the  address  to  the  reader  the  author  speaks  of 
the  sermon  as  havinjr  been  imposed  upon  him  by 
this  pious  and  good  man  the  reverend  the  de- 
ceRsed,  and  it  contains  abundant  evidence  of  a 
full  coincidence  with  his  religious  views. 

A  portion  of  the  sermon  is  reprinted  (from  my 
copy)  in  the  edition  of  Sherlock's  Practical 
Christian^  published  at  Oxford,  in  1841,  by  his  de- 
scendant, the  Rev.  H.  H.  Siierlock,  Incumbent  of 
Holy  Trinit}',  at  Ashton,  in  the  parish  of  Winwick. 
The  editor  speaks  of  Crane  (I  know  not  on  what 
authoritv)  as  Dr.  Sherlock's  friend  and  curate. 

J.  F.  M. 


ABMS   IN    SEVERN    STOKE    CHXJKCH. 

(2"'i  S.  ii.  112.  159.) 

Me.  Cooper  Hill  asks  for  authorities  showing 
the  Berkeley  arms  with  any  other  crosses  than 
crosses  patee  ? 

The  following  may  assist  in  coming  to  a  con- 
clusion as  to  the  arms  in  question  :  — 

Before  the  reign  of  Edward  I.  the  arms  of  this 
family  consisted  of  a  chevron  only  :  indeed,  all  the 
very  ancient  arms  consist  of  very  simple  devices. 

In  that  reign,  Thomas  Lord  Berkeley,  who  died 
in  1321,  added  the  ten  crosses  patee  to  his  arms  on 
the  occasion  of  Edward  I.'s  Crusade.  (Smyth's 
TAves  of  the  Berk.  Fam,,  edited  by  the  Rev.  T. 
D.  Fos  broke,  p.  111.) 

This  portion  of  the  arms  appears  to  have  been 
varied  by  different  members  of  the  family. 

Thus,  Mr.  Smyth  states  {Id.,  p.  112.  11.3.)  that 
Sir  Thomas,  second  son  of  this  lord,  and  founder 
of  the  Wymondam  branch  of  the  family,  bore  at 
Caerlaverock,  Gules,  a  chevron  between  ten  cinque- 
foiles. 

In  the  Roll  of  Anns  temp.  Hen.  III.  (edited 
by  Sir  Harris  Nicolas),  p.  15.,  is  "  Moris  de 
Barkela;,  goules  ung  cheveron  d'argent."  The 
crosses  had  not  then  been  added. 

In  the  "  Roll  of  Arms  of  the  Tournament  at 
Stepney,"  2  Edw.  IT.  (edited  by  Mr.  Charles 
Edward  Long,  and  published  in  the  4th  volume 
of  the  Collect.  Topog.  et  Geiieal.),  is  — 

No.  178.  "  S""  Thomas  Berkeley.  Gu.  a  chevron  be- 
tween 10  roses  arg." 

In  the  lloll  of  the  Bannerets  of  the  reign  of 
Edw.  II.,  edited  by  Sir  Harris  Nicolas,  is  — 

P.  5.  "  Sire  Moris  de  Berkeleye  de  goules  a  les  cru- 
sules  pates  de  argent  e  un  cheveron  argent." 

P.  77.  "  Sire  Thomas  de  Berkeleye  de  goules  od  les 
rosettes  de  argent  e  un  cheveron  de  argent," 

"  Sire  Johan  de  Berkeleye  de  goules  a  iij  crois  paths  de 
or  e  un  cheveron  de  argent." 


In  the  Roll  of  A7'ms  temp.  Rich.  II.  (an  illu- 
minated Roll,  with  all  the  arms  coloured,  edited 
by  Mr.  Willement),  is  — 

No.  57.  "  Le  S''  de  Berkele.  Gules,  a  chevron  between 
six  crosx  crnslefs  in  cliief  and  four  in  base  argent." 

No.  380.  "  Monsr.  Moris  de  Berkele.  Gules,  a  chevron 
ermine  between  six  crosses  patunce  in  chief  and  four  in 
base  argent." 

No.  382.  "  Monsr.  James  Berkele.  Gules  on  a  chevron 
between  six  crosses  patonce  in  chief  and  four  in  base 
argent,  a  crescent  azure." 

No.  516.  "  Monsr.  John  de  Berkele.  Gules,  a  chevron 
between  six  cinquefoiles  in  chief  and  four  in  base  argent 
pierced." 

And  in  Gwillim's  Heraldry  (edit,  of  1724), 
p.  138.,  a  coat  is  given.  A  coat,  "  a  chevron  be- 
tween ten  cinquefoils.,  four,  two,  one,  two,  and  one 
argent.  This  coat  armour  pertaineth  to  the  wor- 
shipful family  of  Barkley  of  Wymundham,  which 
descended  out  of  the  right  Noble  Progeny  of  the 
Lord  Barkley." 

The  arms  of  the  Berkeley  family,  with  the 
crosses  patee,  and  with  the  chevron  only,  as  they 
exist  in  Bristol  Cathedral  and  on  their  seals,  will 
be  found  in  Mr.  Lysons's  Gloucester, shire  Anti- 
quities. 

Mr.  Smyth,  the  historian  of  the  Berkeley  family, 
was  M.P.  for  Midhurst  temp.  James  I.      F.  A.  C. 


There  can  be  no  doubt  but  that  these  are  the 
arms  of  the  Beauchamps,  who  were  a  very  in- 
fluential family  in  the  county,  of  Worcester  as 
well  as  that  of  Warwick,  of  which  they  were 
e:\rls.  One  branch  of  the  family  is  now  repre- 
sented by  Lord  Beauchamp,  who  bears  a  shield  of 
the  Beauchamp  arms  suspended  to  the  collars  of 
his  supporters,  to  perpetuate  his  descent  from 
them.  The  reason  the  arms  are  in  the  cathe- 
dral at  Gloucester  (as  mentioned  by  Mr.  Cooper 
Hill)  is,  because  the  Earls  of  Shrewsbury,  one 
of  whom  married  a  daughter  and  co-heir  of 
Richard  Beauchamp,  Earl  of  Warwick,  were  bene- 
factors to  Gloucester  Cathedral,  and  the  Beau- 
champ arms  will  be  found  there  impaled  with 
those  of  Talbot.  Of  the  Worcestershire  Beau- 
champs  was  Sir  John  de  B.  of  Holt,  who  was 
created  Baron  of  Kidderminster  In  1387  by  patent, 
being  the  first  on  record  so  created.  Another 
branch  was  of  Powyke,  in  the  county  of  Glouces- 
ter. A  number  of  churches  in  Worcestershire  are 
decorated  with  these  arms,  and  many  of  the  family 
lie  burled  In  Worcester  Cathedral.  The  branch 
of  the  family  represented  by  Lord  Beauchamp 
varied  their  coat  by  changing  the  crosslets  to 
martlets.  Concerning  the  variations  of  the  Beau- 
champ coat,  vide  Lower's  Curiosities  of  Heraldry, 
p.  44.  Vide  also  for  pedigrees,  &c.  of  the  Beau- 
champs  Nash's  History  of  Worcestershire. 

C.  J.  Douglas. 


2'«»  S.  No  38.,  Sept.  20.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


235 


Brawn,  or  Braun  (P'  S.  xi.  366. ;  2"'^  S.  ii. 
196.)  —  That  this  man  was  a  famous  cook,  and 
kept  a  house  of  entertainment,  there  can  be  no 
doubt :  and  from  contemporary  references,  the 
house  appears  to  have  been  one  of  a  somewhat 
equivocal  character.  In  the  Court  Poems  (Part 
II.),  Cloe  says  — 

"  Did  I  for  this  my  garter'd  B disdain, 

Th'  alhiring  dessert,  and  the  bright  champaign? 
Where  he,  still  aiming  at  his  former  station, 
Gave  to  Favillia  a  grand  collation. 
.Brmm's  was  the  house  —  where  many  a  favorite  toast. 
Has  found  a  lover,  and  her  honour  lost. 
Beware,  ye  Belles,  of  Brauri's  luxurious  skill ! 
Nature's  nice  store,  and  Braun's  luxurious  art, 
Conspir'd  in  vain  to  captivate  my  heart." 

Henry  Carey  too,  if  he  wrote  the  Dissertation  on 
Dumpling,  assumes  Braun,  or  Braund,  as  he  calls 
him,  to  have  been  the  direct  descendant  in  the 
male  line  of  his  imaginary  Brawnd,  knighted  by 
King  John  for  his  unrivalled  skill  in  making 
dumplings,  and  who  subsequently  resided,  as  he 
tells  us,  at  "  the  ancient  manor  of  Brands  alias 
Braund's,  near  Kilburn,  in  Middlesex."  Curious 
the  accident  that  found  Beau  Brummel's  "Aunt 
Brawn"  a  resident  at  Kilburn  a  century  after  the 
Dissertation  on  Dumpling  was  written.  Carey 
dedicates  to  Braund. 

"  Let  mercenary  authors,"  he  says,  "  flatter  the  great, 
&c.,  but  — 

'  Tu  mihi  Mecaeaas  Eris  I ' 

"  0  Braund,  my  patron !  my  pleasure !  my  pride !  .  .  . 
suspend  a  while  your  momentous  cares,  and  condescend 
to  taste  this  fricassee  of  mine.  I  write  not  this  to  bite  you 
by  the  ear  (i.e.)  flatter  you  out  of  a  brace  or  two  of 
guineas ;  No,  as  I  am  a  true  dumpling  -eater,  my  views 
are  purely  epicurean,  and  my  hopes  center'd  in  par- 
taking of  some  elegant  quelque-chose  tost  up  by  your 
judicious  hand.  I  regard  money  but  as  a  ticket  which 
admits  me  to  your  delicate  entertainment.  .  .  The  plague 
and  fatigue  of  dependance  and  attendance,  which  calls 
me  so  often  to  the  Court-end  of  the  town,  were  insup- 
portable but  for  the  relief  I  find  at  Austin's,  your  in- 
genious and  grateful  disciple,  who  has  adorned  New  Bond 
Street  with  your  graceful  effigies." 

Here  then  we  have  not  only  Braun  himself, 
but  his  very  "  effigy,"  in  proof  of  his  celebrity. 
No  wonder  that  a  descendant  was  celebrated  for 
savoury  pies. 

Austin  must  have  been  an  early  inhabitant  of 
New  Bond  Street,  the  building  of  which  was 
begun  only  in  1720-1,  and  the  Dissertation  was 
published  in  1726.  B.  O. 

Figure  of  the  Horse  in  HieroglypMcs  (2""*  S.  ii. 
87.) — Mb.  Hackwood  may  like  to  .see  the  ex- 
planation which  Swedenborg  has  given  of  the 
symbolism  of  the  horse,  whether  occurring  in  the 
hieroglyphics,  in  the  mythologies,  or  in  the  Scrip- 
tures. 

It  may  be  noted  that  Swedenborg,  in  assigning 


his  symbolisms,  does  not  treat  them  as  being  any- 
thing arbitrary,  but  natural  and  necessary,  as  is 
the  case  with  those  universally  admitted  symbols 
of  the  will  and  the  intellect,  the  head  and  the  heart, 
or  heat  and  light : 

"  In  the  prophetical  parts  of  the  Word,  much  mention 
is  made  of  horse  and  horseman ;  but  heretofore  no  one 
has  known  that  horse  signifies  the  principle  .of  intelli- 
gence, and  horseman  an  intelligent  person 

"The  signification,  as  denoting  the  intellectual  prin- 
ciple, was  derived  from  the  ancient  church  to  the  wise 
round  about,  even  into  Greece.  Hence  it  was,  that  in 
describing  the  sun,  by  which  is  signified  love  (see  n.  2441, 
2495.),  they  placed  therein  the  god  of  their  wisdom  and 
intelligence,  and  attributed  to  him  a  chariot  and  four 
fiery  horses ;  and  in  describing  the  god  of  the  sea,  inas- 
much as  by  seas  were  signified  sciences  in  general  (see 
n.  28.  2120.)  they  also  allotted  horses  to  him.  Hence  too, 
when  they  described  the  birth  of  the  sciences  from  the 
intellectual  principle,  they  feigned  a  flying  horse,  which 
with  his  hoof  burst  open  a  fountain,  where  were  virgins, 
who  were  the  Sciences :  nor  was  anything  else  signified 
by  the  Trojan  horse  but  an  artful  contrivance  of  the  un- 
derstanding to  destroy  walls.  At  this  day,  indeed,  when 
the  intellectual  principle  is  described,  agreeable  to  the 
custom  received  from  the  ancients,  it  is  usually  described 
by  a  flying  horse,  or  Pegasus,  and  erudition  by  a  foun- 
tain ;  but  it  is  known  scarce  to  any  one,  that  horse,  in  a 
mystical  sense,  signifies  the  understanding;  and  that  a 
fountain  signifies  truth.  Still  less  is  it  known  that 
these  significations  were  derived  from  the  ancient  church 
to  the  Gentiles."  —  Arcana  Calestia,  vol.  iii.,  numbers 
2761,  2762. 

A.  R. 

Can  Fish  be  tamed?  (2°'»  S.  ii.  173.)  — The 
following  extract  is  from  Jesse's  Country  Life :  — 

"  I  was  ordered  to  take  the  cutter  I  commanded  to 
Port  Nessock,  near  Port  Patrick.  On  landing,  I  was  in- 
formed of  Colonel  M<=Doweirs  sea  fish-pond,  and  went  to 
look  at  it.     On  arriving,  I  fed  the  large  Cod  out  of  my 

hand,  from  some  mussels  which  I  had  in  a  basin 

This  fish  allowed  me  to  pat  it  on  the  back,  and  rested  its 
head  on  the  stone  upon  which  I  was  standing,  just  like  a 
dog.  The  other  fish  came  to  me,  and  fed  on  the  mussels 
I  threw  to  them ;  but  would  not  let  me  handle  them, 
though  I  patted^ome  of  them."  —  P.  62. 

I  have  myself  often  heard  gentlemen  in  Scot- 
land speak  of  Colonel  M'^Dowell's  fish-pond,  and 
do  not  believe  the  above  account  to  be  at  all  ex- 
aggerated. I  ought  to  state  that  Mr.  Jesse  quotes 
the  above  from  a  correspondent.  I  do  not  know 
if  this  pond  still  exists.  Sigma  Theta. 

I  lately  saw  gold  and  silver  fish  at  Bordeaux, 
which  regularly  come  to  be  fed.  I  have  also  ob- 
served a  similar  occurrence  at  Brussels.  I  re- 
member to  have  read  in  an  old  book  on  angling, 
that  fish  in  ponds  could  be  taught  to  come  at 
stated  times  to  be  fed.  This  is  as  much  as  we 
can  expect  fish  to  do.  B.  H,  C. 

Masvicius"  Virgil  (2"*^  S.  ii.  174.)  —  Having  had 
occasion,  at  an  early  age,  to  read  through  the 
whole  of  the  text,  the  minor  pieces  excepted,  of 
that  edition  of  Virgil  respecting  which  Oxoni- 


236 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'">  S.  No  38.,  Sept.  20. '56. 


ENsis  inquires,  which  was  printed  in  two  volumes 
quarto  at  Leuwarden,  in  the  Netherlands,  in  1717, 
and  goes  by  the  name  of  Masvicius's,  I  can  assure 
him  that  it  is  both  correct  and  esteemed.  It  has, 
amongst  others,  the  valuable  notes  of  Servius 
(respecting  which  one  of  your  correspondents, 
some  time  since,  made  many  inquiries),  with  an 
Index  to  them,  and  the  Index  of  Erythraeus  to 
Virgil, 

The  work  was  handsomely  reprinted  at  Venice  in 
two  quarto  volumes  in  1736,  but  Brunet  says  this 
edition  is  not  so  good  as  the  first.  To  the  eye  it 
is  by  no  means  inferior,  Oxoniensis  Alter. 

Singular  Plant  (2"^  S.  ii.  173.)  —  The  curious 
plant  alluded  to  by  F.  C.  H.  was  probably  the  so- 
called  "  Rose  of  Jericho  "  (^Anastatica  hierochun- 
(ica),  of  which  a  description  will  be  found  in  any 
modern  encyclopsedia.*  It  is  the  subject  of  an  in- 
teresting passage  in  Browne's  Vulgar  Errors,  who, 
however,  can  hardly  have  seen  the  plant,  since 
after  describing  it  he  says,  "  suitable  to  this  rela- 
tion in  almost  all  points  is  that  thorn  at  Glaston- 
bury," &c.  The  latter,  "  St.  Joseph's  Tree,"  as  it 
was  called,  was,  I  believe,  a  hawthorn.  In  my 
copy  of  Browne's  work  there  is  the  following 
marginal  note  in  an  old  hand  : 

"  The  thorn  by  Glastonbury  was  no  way  like  this,  for  it 
Was  a  great  and  old  tree,  and  blossomed  on  Christmas 
Eve ;  but  by  too  much  conceit  of  the  thornes  growing  out 
of  it,  superstitious  folks  taking  them  for  toothpickers,  it 
much  decayed,  and  within  these  few  years  an  humourous 
fellow  cut  it  down  and  carried  it  into  the  windmill :  but 
that  it  did  blossom  at  that  time  I  know." 

D. 

The  plant  that  F.  C.  H.  had  under  his  examin- 
ation was,  I  have  no  doubt,  from  his  description, 
Selaginella  lepidophylla  of  Spring  and  Lycopodium 
lepidophyllum  of  Hooker.  It  is  a  native  of  Mexico, 
and  lorms  a  source  of  traffic  on  account  of  its 
singular  hygrometric  property.  The  first  specimen 
that  Mr.  Hugh  Cuming,  the  conchological  and 
botanical  collector,  obtained  he  gave  its  weight  in 
gold  for.  There  is  an  admirable  figure  of  the 
plant  in  Hooker's  Icones  Plantarum,  tt.  162,  163. 

There  is  another  plant  that  has  similar  hygro- 
metric; properties,  —  the  better  known  Anastatica 
hierochuntica  of  Linnteus,  or  Rose  of  Jericho,  a 
native  of  Egypt,  of  which  there  is  a  very  good 
figure,  both  in  a  state  of  flower  as  well  as  fruit,  in 
Lindley's  Vegetable  Kingdom.  I  have  no  doubt, 
however,  that  the  plant  F.  C.  H.  describes  is  the 
Mexican  Selaginella  lepidophylla.  R.  H. 

Kensington. 

Person  referred  to  by  Pascal  (2"^  S.  ii.  68.)  — 
Your  correspondent  G.  N.  gives  me  credit  for  an 
amount  of  ingenuity  to  which  I  can  lay  no  claim. 
I  must  say  that  he  who  can  translate  the  French 

[♦  See  also  «N.  &  Q."  1«'  S.  xi.  72.  M9.,  &c.] 


of  our  author  into  "  the  person  who  possessed,'" 
&c.,  displays  more  ingenuity  than  I.  My  convic- 
tion that  a  jjossible  case,  and  not  a  real  circum- 
stance, is  alluded  to  is  founded  on  no  historical  or 
biographical  knowledge,  but  merely  on  the  ad- 
mitted meaning  of  a  certain  form  of  a  verb.  And 
"  Qui  aurait  eu"  is  not  French  for  "  he  who  had  or 
possessed."  The  force  of  the  verb  is  what  gram- 
marians call  conditional,  and  the  expression, 
rendered  into  the  idiom  of  English,  should  be 
translated  "  If  a  man  had  possessed,"  &c.  It  is 
perhaps  worth  adding  that  while  all  the  annota- 
tions on  the  passage  which  I  have  seen  name  the 
three  sovereigns,  not  one  takes  the  least  notice  of 
the  person,  who,  if  real,  would  have  been  so  re- 
markable. C.  H.  S. 

Kalends  (2"'^  S.  ii.    110.)  — 

"Kalenda  ....  initium  cujusvis  rel:  locus  ubi  terri- 
toriura  aliquod  incipit." 

"  Veniunt  iterum  ad  primas  metas  in  loco  superius  no- 
minato,  Kalenda  viz.  nominatae." — Du  Cange,  in  verbo. 

The  "  Kalends  "  being  the  first  day  or  entrance 
of  the  month,  the  term  was  thence  applied  to  the 
commencement  or  entrance  of  any  locality.  A.. 

The  word  Calends  is  not  peculiar  to  the  pathway 
at  Bromyard  in  Herefordshire  ;  a  similar  path  to 
that  described  by  Mr.  Pattison  leads  to  the 
church  at  Bredon  in  this  county,  and  is  called  by 
the  same  name.  Might  it  not  be  derived  from 
Calendce,  rural  chapters  or  conventions  of  the 
clergy,  so  called  because  formerly  held  on  the 
calends  of  every  month,  as  being  the  road  to  the 
church  or  place  where  these  meetings  were  held  ? 
or  can  it  derive  its  name  from  calcea,  a  paved  or 
trodden  path  ?  J.  M.  G. 

Worcester. 

With  reference  to  Mr.  Pattison's  Query  re- 
specting "  Calends  or  Kalends,"  though  not  able 
to  give  a  full  reply  to  the  inquiry,  I  can  in- 
form him  that  such  use  of  the  word  is  not 
peculiar  to  Bromyard.  There  is  a  similar  ap- 
plication of  it  at  Ludlow.  The  footpath,  paved 
with  flag-stones,  leading  froim  the  street  to  the 
principal  entrance  to  the  chui'ch,  is  so  called ;  or, 
as  I  remember  when  a  boy,  corrupted  into  Kal- 


The  word  Kalends  occurs  twice  in  Ch.aucer,  as 
signifying  the  "  beginning  of  anything  :"  and  the 
word  Kalender,  in  the  sense  of  "  a  guide  or  di- 
rector." At  least  the  Glossary  so  inter[)rets  the 
words.  It  is  possible  that  this  application  of  the 
word  denotes  the  beginning  of  a  path  consecrated, 
i.  e.  set  apart  from  the  common  street,  directly 
to  the  house  of  God  ?  It  is  at  Ludlow,  as  most 
likely  at  Bromyard,  a/«o^path  only.         S.  S.  S. 

Nearsightedness  (2"'>  S.  ii.  149.)  — If  Belli- 
SAKID8  will  go  into  a  national  girls'  school,  when 


2'"i  S.  No  38.,  Sept.  20.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


237 


they  are  marking,  or  doing  fine  work,  he  will  find 
as  many  nearsighted  as  amongst  an  equal  number 
of  ladies  ;  and  also  he  will  find  many  nearsighted 
in  manufactories,  such  as  lace-making,  where  good 
sight  is  required ;  but  in  agricultural  work,  or 
cottage  employments,  a  moderate  degree  of  sight 
is  all  that  is  required.  In  my  own  village  school 
(containing  from  forty  to  fifty  children),  there  is 
about  one  nearsighted  out  of  every  thirty ;  and  of 
imperfect  vision,  such  as  not  distinguishing  be- 
tween red  and  green,  &c.,  about  one  in  seventy 
or  eighty  :  these  are  chiefly  boys,  and  the  defect 
is  discovered  in  using  coloured  maps. 

In  fourteen  years,  I  have  had  two  cases  of 
children  who  could  only  read  with  the  book  up- 
side down.  One  learnt  with  much  difiiculty  to 
hold  her  book  upright :  the  other  read  well,  but 
always  with  the  letters  upside  down,  and  she  in- 
variably spelt  backwards.  X. 

Devon. 

''Rand''  (2"'^  S.  ii.  138.)  — After  I  had  de- 
spatched my  Note  (2""  S.  ii.  p.  97.),  I  recollected 
tliat  I  had  erroneously  stated  Fishlake  to  be 
situated  on  the  south  bank  of  the  river  Don,  in- 
stead of  the  north.  I  wrote  up  instanter  to  the 
office  of  "N.  &  Q.,"  to  rectify  this;  but  the  cor- 
rection does  not  appear  to  have  been  made  as  I 
requested.  Regarding  the  word  Rand  as  a  sur- 
name, the  suggestion  intended  to  be  offered  by 
me  was,  not  that  the  land  designated  as  "  The 
Rands"  derived  its  name  from  the  Rev.  Richard 
Rands,  the  benefactor  of  Fishlake,  but  that  the 
latter  probably  in  some  way  owed  his  name  to 
the  land.  For  instance,  a  resident  on  such  a 
spot,  in  early  times,  would  be  known  as  "  John 
at  the  Rands,"  or  "  John,  son  of  William  of  the 
Rands,"  &c.  C.  J. 

This  is  a  term  used  by  bootmakers,  and  applies 
to  the  upper  edge  or  border  of  a  boot  heel. 
There  is  a  village  named  Raunds  in  Northamp- 
tonshire, upon  the  banks  of  the  Nen.  It  is  pro- 
bably of  Danish  origin,  like  several  others  near  it. 

Rand,  in  Danish,  is  the  same  as  in  German,  and 
is  used  of  the  borders  of  a  river,  &c. 

There  are  families  named  Rands  in  Northamp- 
tonshire. 

These  facts  may  help  to  assist  in  the  solution  of 
the  difficulty.  B.  H.  C. 

__  ''Swang,"  ''Wang;'  "  Wong"  (2"'i  S.  i.  47.; 
ii.  79.)  —  Between  Attleborough  and  Rockland, 
Norfolk,  according  to  the  Ordnance  Map,  is  a 
"Swangey  Lane"  and  "Swangey  Fen;"  and 
near  Hethersett  a  Wong  farm.  In  Suffolk  is  a 
village  called  Wang^orA,  and  in  Yorkshire  one 
called  W'Qiwang,  Sufficient  instances  of  the  oc- 
currence of  this  word  have,  however,  been  men- 
tioned, nor  should  I  have  referred  again  to  the 
subject,  had  I  not  found  in  Halliwell's  Dictionary 


(voce  "  Stunt ")  the  following  Lincolnshire  pro- 
verb :  "  He's  as  stunt  as  a  burnt  wong,  there's  no 
turning  him."  He  defines  stu7it  "  fierce  and  angry, 
also  sulky  and  obstinate,"  but  professes  himself 
unable  to  explain  the  proverb.  PerLaps  some 
Lincolnshire  correspondent  can  illustrate  it. 

E.  G.  R. 

"  Sewers,"  "  Blawn-sheres  "  (2°<»  S.  ii.  65.)  — 
These,  without  doubt,  are  the  sewells  described  by 
Halliwell  as  feathers  tied  to  a  string  to  prevent 
deer  from  breaking  ground  by  frightening  them. 
This  was  the  formido  of  the  Romans,  and  the  fear 
of  Isaiah,  xxiv.  17,  18.,  and  Jeremiah,  xlviii.  44, 
43.  E.  G.  R. 

Your  correspondent.  Me.  Walcot,  says,  "  The 
word  is  sewells,  not  sewers ; "  but  he  does  not 
name  his  authority.  Skinner  has  the  word  shewres, 
which  he  explains  brunts  or  rubs ;  but  it  seems 
more  probably  a  different  form  of  scare  (the  in- 
terchange of  the  hard  so  and  sch  is  not  unusual). 

Nares  quotes  from  Sir  P.  Sidney  an  example 
of  shewell,  used  in  the  same  manner  —  sewer, 
schewre,  or  scare,  and  derives  it  from  the  verb,  to 
shew,  from  which  Halliday  dissents. 

The  readers  of  our  old  books  on  hunting  might 
throw  some  light  on  the  true  origin  and  meaning 
of  these  words.  Q. 

Bloomsbury. 

"  A  dog  with  a  bad  name  "  (P'  S.  x.  88.)  —  No- 
body having  produced  any  proof,  or  citation  of 
proof,  that  the  1709  edition  of  Leland's  Com- 
mentarii,  &c.  deserves  the  bad  character  it  bears, 
I  may  presume  that  it  is  a  faithful  representation 
of  Leland.  I  should  not,  however,  have  troubled 
you  with  this  remark,  if  I  had  not  accidentally 
found  what  may  be  an  answer  to  my  own  query. 
Tanner  (Nichols's  Anecd.,  vol.  v.  p.  356.)  writes  to 
Dr.  Samuel  Knight,  January  26,  1719-20,  as  fol- 
lows : 

"  If  it  please  God  to  spare  my  life,  I  shall  not  forget  to 
put  together  what  I  have  collected  for  the  improvement 
of  Leland,  De  Viris  illustribus;  but  they  having  ten  years 
since  printed  the  text  at  Oxford  (scarce  with  fair  usage 
of  me,  whom  they  knew  to  be  engaged  about  it  before) 
I  did  cool  a  little;  but  when  I  get  through  this  edition  of 
Notkia  MonasHca,  I  shall  resume  the  other." 

We  know  that  nothing  hurts  an  edition  more 
than  the  knowledge  that  a  better  editor  has  been 
arrested  by  its  publication.  And  if  that  better 
editor,  being  such  a  one  as  Tanner,  should  spread 
a  complaint  and  an  impresssion  that  the  work  is 
much  less  than  it  might  have  been,  this  would 
easily  become  an  opinion  that  it  contains  positive 
faults.  If  it  should  happen  that  this  edition,  by 
cooling  Tanner  for  the  moment,  ended  by  bracing 
him,  so  that  we  have  the  Bibliotheca  instead  of  a 
somewhat  augmented  Leland,  it  may  then  be  said 
to  have  great  consequential  merit.  M. 


238 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"'i  S.  N"  38.,  Sept.  20.  '50, 


The  Great  Heat  (2"^  S.  ii.  131.)— Your  cor- 
respondent Kakl  has  been  misinformed  as  to  the 
year  of  the  great  heat,  which  occurred  in  1826, 
thirty^  not  twenty,  years  ago.  Though  I  cannot 
furnish  him  with  details  as  to  the  number  of 
weeks  during  which  no  rain  fell,  I  can  fully  con- 
firm what  he  has  heard  stated  regarding  the  con- 
dition of  the  crops  in  that  memorable  year.  The 
heat  of  this  year,  though  of  extraordinary  inten- 
sity while  it  lasted,  was  trifling  in  duration,  com- 
pared to  that  of  1826.  In  the  west  of  Scotland, 
where  I  then  resided,  the  pastures  and  cereal 
crops  were  literally  burnt  up.  So  short  were  the 
corn-stalks,  and  so  thinly  scattered,  that  the 
sickle  was  in  most  places  useless.  Some  had 
recourse  to  the  expedient  mentioned  by  your 
correspondent,  of  plucking  the  stalks,  others  used 
the  scythe.  The  bulk  of  the  crops  was  in  many 
cases  almost  incredibly  small.  I  remember  one 
wheat  field  of  two  or  three  acres  which  yielded 
one  miserable  scurvy-looking  stack.  In  1836  the 
contrast  was  as  complete  as  can  well  be  Imagined. 
It  Is  as  memorable  as  the  former  year,  but  for  the 
very  opposite  reason.  Returning  northwards  from 
Derbyshire  In  a  pretty  smart  fall  of  snow  on 
October  20,  I  was  struck  with  the  amount  of  corn, 
nearly  or  quite  green,  which  was  still  standing 
between  Buxton  and  Liverpool.  Much  of  It  stood 
till  It  rotted,  or  was  cut  down  near  Christmas,  to 
be  used  as  bedding  for  cattle,  or  converted  into 
manure.  I  have  for  many  years  been  In  the  habit 
of  referring  to  1826  and  1836,  as  exemplifying 
the  extremes  of  our  changeable  climate. 

A.P.  S. 

Imp,  used  for  progeny  (P'  S.  vIII.  443.623. ;  Ix. 
113.527.)  —  To  the  instances  already  given  by 
your  correspondents  may  be  added  the  following 
from  Bishop  Parkhurst's  Letter  to  the  Norwich 
Aldermen,  justifying  his  rejection  of  the  Puritan, 
Robert  Harrison,  as  being  an  unfit  person  for  the 
mastership  of  the  free-school  at  Aylsham  : 

"  Being  for  mine  own  part,  in  respect  of  my  place,  as 
also  for  duty  and  discharge  of  my  conscience,  bound  to 
have  a  special  care  of  the  youth  of  the  diocese,  as  tlie 
imps  that  by  God's  grace  may  succeed  us,  by  good  bring- 
ing up,  and  become  worthy  in  the  common-wealth,  I 
cannot  be  easily  persuaded  to  admit  Mr.  Harrison  to  any 
such  charge  over  them."  —  Strype's  Annals  of  Reforma- 
tion, an.  1573,  ch.  29,  vol.  iii.  p.  434.  ed.  Oxon.,  1824. 

J.  Sansom. 

DicKs  Hatband  (2"*  S.  II.  189.)  —  The  various 
qualities  of  this  hatband  are  alluded  to  In  different 
adages  in  several  parts  of  the  country.  Thus  in 
Pembrokeshire  (see  p.  189.)  it  is  noted  for  its 
being  tight.  In  Cheshire  (see  Wllbraham's  Che- 
shire, Glossary,  p.  32.)  we  have  "  As  fine  as  Dick's 
hatband ; "  and  It  is  added  "  this  must  be  very 
local."  In  Lincolnshire,  anything  ridiculously 
comical  is  said  to  be  "  As  queer  as  Dick's  hat- 
band," and  this   explanation  is   added,   "  which 


went  nine  times  round  and  would  not  tie."  Mr. 
Halllwell  says,  Dictionary  of  Archaisms,  &e., 
"  Dick's  hatband  Is  said  to  have  been  made  of 
sand,"  and  that  "It  has  afforded  many  a  com- 
parison." I  know  nothing  about  the  person  to 
whom  this  famous  hatband  belonged.  I  have 
made  a  collection  of  more  than  twelve  hundred 
provincialisms,  local  adages,  proverbs,  comparisons, 
&c.,  used  In  the  Fen  district  of  Lincolnshire,  which 
will  be  enumerated  in  my  History  of  Boston,  now 
on  the  point  of  publication ;  and  shall  be  glad  of 
tlie  assistance  of  your  readers  in  their  elucidation. 

Pjsiiey  Thompson. 
Stoke  Newington. 

Forensic  Wit  (2"'^  S.  ii.  168.)  —  Jekyll's  couplet 
on  the  "  tough  old  jade  "  is,  I  think  it  will  be 
found,  not  correctly  quoted.  It  has  often  been 
printed,  and  was  recently  again  brought  into 
notice  in  consequence  of  appearing  in  Moore's 
Memoirs  and  Diary,  edited  by  Lord  John  Russell. 
I  have  always  before  seen  the  lines  thus  given, 
and  without  any  Italics  —  (Garrow  being  the 
counsel  and  not  Serjeant  Pell)  :  — 

"  Garrow  forbear !    That  tough  old  jade, 
Can  never  prove  a  tender  made." 

A  Hermit  at  Hampstead. 

Door-head  Inscriptions  (2""*  S.  I.  519.)  —  Many 
characteristic  and  interesting  citations  under  the 
above  title  having  appeared  at  different  times  in 
your  columns,  your  Insertion  of  the  following  jcjio: 
d'esprit,  on  seeing  the  words  "  Domus  ultima" 
affixed  to  the  vault  belonging  to  the  Dukes  of 
Richmond  in  Chichester  Cathedral,  may  gratify 
some  of  your  readers  : 

"  Did  he,  who  thus  inscribed  the  wall, 
Not  read,  or  not  believe  St.  Paul, 
Who  says  there  is,  where'er  it  stands, 
Another  house  not  made  with  hands? 
Or  may  we  gather  from  these  words. 
That  house  is  not  a  house  of  lords  ?  " 

N.  L.  T. 

Inscription  over  the  door  of  Dinton  Church, 
Bucks :  — 

^  "  Premia  pro  meritis  siquis  despet  habenda 
Audiat  hie  precepta  sibique  sit  retinenda."  fj* 

F.  C.  H. 

House  Inscriptions  (2""^  S.  ii.  26.)  — 

"In  the  Eddystone  Lighthouse,  on  the  course  of 
granite  under  tli'e  ceiling  in  the  upper  store-room,  is  the 
following  verse  from  the  127th  Psalm,  wrought  in  by  a 
pick: 

"  '  Except  the  Lord  build  the  House, 
They  labour  in  vain  that  build  it.' "  * 

—  Brayley's  Graphic  Illustrator,  Lond.  1834,  p.  394. 

C.  W.  L. 

Foreign  English  (1"  S.  vlli.  137.)  —  Passing 
through  Rouen  some  years  since,  I  saw  the  follow- 


♦  These  two  lines  are  in  small  capitals. 


2-1  S.  No  38.,  Sept.  20.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


239 


ins  words  painted  on  the  gable-end  of  a  corner 
Louse  on  the  quai : 

"  191  se  vend  Stoughthonlondon 
par  Tripotet  Constant." 

At  Versailles  the  following  specimen  was  lately 
to  be  found : 

"  Au  Rendez  vous  du  Musee 

Place  d'Armes,  9. 

Lapreste,  Restaurateur, 

A  I'honneur   de   prevenir  MM.  les  voyageurs  qu'on  est 

servJ,  chez  lui,  h  la  carle  ou  par  tete,  au  choix. 

A  Versailles." 

"  To  Rendez-vous  of  Museum. 

Arms-place,  9. 

Laprest^  Restorer, 

Has  the  honour  of  preventing  the  travellers  that  they  will 

be  helpt  at  his  house,  or  a  head,  or  at  choice. 

At  Versailles." 

JUVERNA. 

"  TaJie  a  hair  of  the  dog  that  bit  you"  (P*  S.  vi. 
316.  565.)  —  This  advice,  which  is  now  only  given 
in  a  figurative  sense,  by  "  Take  a  cool  draught  of 
ale  in  the  morning  after  an  excess  over  night," 
was  given  and  taken  seriously  and  practically  by 
our  forefathers.  In  an  old  recipe  book  dated 
]  670,  I  find  it  written,  "  Take  a  hair  from  the  dog 
that  bit  you,  dry  it,  put  it  into  the  wound,  and  it 
will  heal  it,  be  it  never  so  sore."  R.  W.  B. 

^^Par  ternis  suppar"  (2"''  S.  ii.  189.)  —  There 
are  two  senses,  I  conceive,  in  which  these  words 
may  be  taken  :  first,  that  a  pair  (alike  and  acting 
together)  are  nearly  equal  to  three  (who  are  not 
paired  nor  acting  together) ;  and,  second,  that  a 
peer  of  the  realm  is  nearly  equal  to  three  other 
persons,  being  by  birth  (1)  a  member  of  parlia- 
ment, (2)  an  adviser  of  the  Crown,  and  (3)  having 
as  a  peer  the  benefit  of  clergy,  although  unable  to 
read.  (Blackstone,  in.  ch.  12.  p.  401.,  iv,  ch.  28. 
p.  367.)  T.  J.  BucKTON. 

Lichfield. 

What  is  Lord  North  wick's  coat  of  arms  ?  His 
motto  admits  of  being  rendered  thus,  "  A  pair 
equal  almost  to  three  pairs  ;  "  or  more  freely,  "  A 
pair  who  may  be  said  to  be  equal  to  any  three 
such."  In  this  motto  par  is  a  noun  ;  and  since  it 
has  not  tribus,  but  the  distributive  ternis,  it  is 
plain  that  the  sense  intended  was  to  assert  this 
noble  pair  to  be  equal  to  any  three  pairs  who 
might  be  brought  to  confront  them,  at  one  and 
the  same  time.  A.  N.  D. 

Scotland. 

"  The  Bard  O' Kelly"  (2°'>  S.  ii.  107.)  — 

"  In  a  recent  number  of  The  Star  you  copied  from  '  N. 
&  Q.'  an  account  of  the  presentation  of  the  soi-disaiit  Irish 
bard  O'Kelly  to  George  IV.,  when  that  royal  personage 
visited  Ireland.  The  account  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  is  imperfect, 
and  I  shall  supply  the  omission.  His  Majesty  was  greatly 
amused  at  the  cool  impudence  with  which  O'Kelly  as- 


sumed the  position  of  national  poet  of  Ireland,  and  placed 
himself  on  an  equality  with  Byron  and  Scott,  ignoring 
altogether  the  claims  of  Tom  Moore.  After  gravely 
listening  to  O'Kelly's  description  of  himself,  his  Majesty 
asked  for  a  specimen  of  his  poetical  powers,  and  the  royal 
request  produced  the  following  modest  effusion  from  the 
'  Irish  bard : ' 

'  Three  poets  in  three  countries  born  — 
One  for  the  rose,  another  for  the  thorn, 
One  for  the  shamrock,  that  never  will  decay. 
While  rose  and  thistle  yearly  pass  awa}'. 
'Twould  take  a  Byron  and  a  Scott,  I  tefl  ye, 
Packed  up  in  one,  to  make  the  bard  O'Kelly?  " 

From  the  Morning  Star,  Sept.  3,  1856. 

Anon. 

Were  Charles  I.  and  Oliver  Cromwell  distant 
Cousins?  (2°''  S.  ii.  111.)  — Noble,  in  his  Me- 
moirs of  the  Protectoral  House  of  ^omwell,  vol.  ii. 
p.  204 ,  gives  the  following  pedigree  to  prove  the 
relationship  of  Oliver  Cromwell  with  Charles  I. 
through  his  mother,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Wil- 
liam Steward,  Esq.,  and  widow  of  William  Lynne, 
Gent. 

Alexander,  Lord  High  Steward  of  Scotland. 


James,  Lord  High  Steward  of  Scotland. 


Walter,  Lord=Mare.,  sister  and  heiress 
High  steward  I  of  David  II.  K.  of  Scot- 
of  Scotland.     '    land. 

Robert  Stuart,  K.  of  Scotland. 

I 
K.  Robert  III. 

I 
K.  James  I. 


K.  James  HI. 
K.  James  IV. 
K.  James  V. 
Q.  Mary. 


Andrew  Steward,  Esq. 

I 
Alexander  Steward,  Esq. 

I 
Sir  John  Steward,  Knt. 

Sir  John  Steward,  Knt. 

Thomas  Steward,  Esq. 

I 
Richard  Steward,  Esq. 

Nich.  Steward,  Esq. 

I 
Nich.  Steward,  Esq. 

I 
William  Steward,  Esq. 


K.  James  VI.  of  Scotland 
and  I.  of  England. 

K.  Charles  I. 


Elizabeth  Steward=R6bert   Cromwell, 
I     Esq. 

Oliver  Cromwell,  Lord  Protector. 

Richard  Cromwell,  Lord  Protector. 


K.  Charles  II. 
"By  this  table  of  descents  it  appears  that  K.  Charles  I. 
and  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Mr.  Robert  Cromwell,  the  mother 
of  the  Protector  Oliver,  were  eighth  cousins ;  K.  James  I. 
and  that  Protector  were  ninth  cousins ;  and  K,  Charles  I. 
and  Oliver  were  ninth  cousins  one  remove ;  and  conse- 
quently K.  Charles  I.  and  the  Protector  Richard  were 
tenth  cousins.  It  may  be  observed  that  the  royal  line,  as 
constantly  marrying  at  an  early  age,  had  got  one  descent 
of  the  younger  branch." 

Noble  gives  all  the  authorities  from  which  he 
derives  the  descent,  and  an  account  of  the  different 
individuals.  Edward  Foss. 

Germination  of  Seeds  (2°'^  S.  ii.  117.  198.)  — 
Lime  will  produce  white  clover  in  some  soils,  and 
so  will  sand  in  others.  This  may  be  seen  on  the 
sides  of  roads ;  where  the  soil  has  been  removed 
and  the  road  sand  is  washed  down,  there  will  fre- 
quently s[)ring  up  a  thick  mat  of  white  clover. 
Some  seeds  will  not  vegetate  at  all  without  being 


240 


NOTES   AND   QUERIES.    *  [2"*  S.  N»  88.,  Sept.  20. '56. 


in  contact  with  sand.  Furze  is  one  :  sow  it  on  a 
newly  made  bank  of  clay  and  it  will  rarely  grow  ; 
put  a  little  gritty  sand  on  the  seed,  and  it  will 
certainly  vegetate.  There  is  no  end  to  the  vi- 
tality of  some  of  the  round  oily  seeds  when  covered 
in  the  earth.  In  most  or  all  of  the  Essex  Marshes, 
wherever  a  new  ditch  is  dug,  brown  mustard  will 
spring  up,  although  it  has  not  been  seen  before  in 
the  memory  of  man.  Where  it  has  once  been  cul- 
tivated, a  crop  is  frequently  obtained  by  plough- 
ing deeper  than  usual,  and  a  full  plant  will  arise 
in  the  spring. 

Certain  states  of  the  atmosphere  produce  certain 
weeds  in  abundance,  and  some  will  grow  only  in 
spring,  others  in  autumn.  In  what  way  sand  in 
contact  with  |^d  causes  it  to  vegetate  is,  I  be- 
lieve, a  mystery.  Gardeners  know  well  that  with- 
out silver  sand  many  of  the  nicer  operations  of 
their  craft  will  not  succeed.  A.  Holt  White. 

Southend, 

The  Deluge  (2"'' S.  il.  191.)— The  argument 
that  the  Deluge  (Gen.  vii.  20 — 24'.)  did  not  extend 
over  the  whole  world,  but  only  over  the  then  in- 
habited portion,  may  be  thus  stated  :  — 

1.  The  declared  intention  of  Jehovah  was  to 
destroy  man,  who  had  sinned,  and  not  every 
species  of  animated  beings.  Before  the  deluge, 
man  occupied  only  the  country  of  the  Tigris  and 
Euphrates.  There  existed,  therefore,  no  necessity 
for  a  deluge  in  any  other  part  of  the  world. 

2.  The  word  ^3  does  not  prove  that  the  deluge 
extended  over  the  whole  surface  of  this  planet. 
Compare  Gen.  ii.  19,  20.,  xli.  57.;  Deut.  ii.  25.; 
Ezech.  xxxi.  6. 

3.  For  the  entire  inundation  of  this  globe  the 
waters  of  the  sea,  together  with  those  of  the 
clouds,  were  insufficient. 

4.  The  remains  of  fishes  and  other  animals,  and 
of  aquatic  plants,  found  at  the  top  of  high  moun- 
tains do  not  prove  the  Mosaic  deluge  to  be  uni- 
versal ;  but  only  that  such  parts  of  the  earth  were 
anciently  covered  with  water  for  a  long  period  of 
time,  much  beyond  the  duration  of  this  deluge. 
There  may  exist  nevertheless  remains  of  the  Noa- 
chic  deluge. 

This  hypothesis  harmonises  with  the  existing 
facts  ascertained  in  natural  history,  as  to  the  dis- 
tribution of  plants  and  animals,  and  with  the 
measurements  detailed  by  Moses. 

Further  investigaticm  will  lead  the  inquirer  to 
such  works  as  Jerusalem's  Betrachtungen  ilber  die 
vornehmsten  Wuhrheiten  der  Religion^  P.  ii.  Com- 
ment, iii.  s.  1.;  Hensler's  Animadv.,  p.  331.  &c.  ; 
and  Eichhorn's  AUg.  Bihl.  der  Bibl.  LitUratur, 
P.  I.  Fas.  i.  pp.  38,  39. 

The  above  is  abridged  and  modified  from 
Rosenniiiller  in  loco.  T.  J.  Buckton. 

Lichfield. 


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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


241 


LONDON.  SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  27. 1856. 


WAGER    OF    BATTEL. 

"  The  personal  coml^at  offeied  in  bar  of  an  appeal  of 
murder  seems  to  have  been  admitted  as  legal  some  years 
since,  and  was  only  abolished  of  late  by  positive  statute." 

A  reperusal  of  Sir  Walter  Scott's  Essay  on 
Chivalry^  from  the  concluding  paragraph  of  which 
the  above  extract  is  made,  has  induced  me  to  iur 
quire  into  the  later  instances  in  which  Wager  of 
Battel  was  offered.  The  two  last  cases  appear  to 
have  occurred  in  the  second  decade  of  the  present 
century  ;  and  although  tliey  seem  to  have  been 
merely  legal-technical  affairs,  and  somewhat  dull, 
it  is  not  a  little  curious  to  find  that  a  remnant  of 
the  semi-barbarous  mode  of  trial  by  single  com- 
bat, introduced  to  this  country  by  William  the 
Conqueror,  should  have  been  held  lawful  so  re- 
cently as  the  years  1815  and  1817.  The  case  that 
occurred  in  tlie  former  of  those  years  evidently 
arose  from  a  free  exercise  of  professional  cunning  ; 
and  as  an  illustration  of  the  then  morality  of  the 
Irish  bar  may  be  briefly  related  here. 

A  man  named  Clancij  in  open  day,  and  in  the 
presence  of  several  lookers-on,  murdered  a  gen- 
tleman called  Brian  O'Reilly.     A  full  confession 
of  the   fact    was    obtained    from   the   murderer, 
and  it  was  signed  and    sworn  to  by  him.      His 
trial  came  on  at  the  MuUingar  Summer  Assizes, 
1815;    and   from  the  nature  and   fulness  of  the 
confession,    the   prosecuting    counsel    summoned 
no  witnesses  to  prove  the  crime.     Shrewdly  ob- 
serving this,   Mr.  M'^Nally,  the  prisoner's  advo- 
cate, objected  to  the  confession  being  received  in 
evidence,  and  the  Court  ruled  in  favour  of  the 
objection ;    and,    inasmuch    as   the   prisoner   was 
actually  in  charge  of  the  jury,  the  trial  could  not 
be    either    delayed    or   postj)oned.      Regardless, 
therefore,  of  the    prosecutor's    prayer   i'or   time 
to  produce  witnesses,  the  judge  ordered  Clancy  to 
be  acquitted.     Upon  this  a  brother  of  the  mur- 
dered gentleman,  as  next  of  kin,  appealed  to  the 
Court  of  King's  Bench,  Dublin,  within  the  allotted 
"year  and  a  day"  from  the  date  of  the  first  trial; 
and  after   much   discussion   and  many  adjourn- 
ments, Clancy,  advised  by  his  counsel,  offered  to 
"  wage  battel"  with  the  appellant — an  offer  which 
is  described  as  having  caused  a  strong  sensation 
in  court.      The  matter,   however,   proceeded  no 
farther.     A  compromise  was  effected  between  the 
counsel ;  and  the  prisoner  pleading  guilty,  sub- 
mitted to  transportation  in  order  to  save  his  life. 

A  clever  trick  therefore,  and  the  taking  ad- 
vantage of  an  obsolete  statute,  caused  in  this  in- 
stance a  "failure  of  justice." 

Before  detailing  any  particulars  of  the  next 
ofier  to  "wage  battel,"  (that  of  1817,  and  which 
was  the  last,  as  it  caused  the  statute  to  be  re- 


pealed), it  may  be  worth  while  to  relate  in  what 
the  "wager  of  battel"  consisted:  and  the  follow- 
ing extract,  taken  from  a  local  newspaper  of  the 
period  in  question,  seems  correctly  to  embody  all 
the  required  information  :  — 

"  According  to  the  barbarous  and  unrepealed  statutes 
on  which  Trial  by  Battel  is  founded,  unless  the  accuser 
can  counterplead  a  legal  exception, —  such  as  his  being  a 
monk,  a  minor,  a  citizen  of  London,  &c.,  —  he  must  either 
give  up  his  charge  against  the  defendant,  and  be  liable 
to  him  in  damages,  or  a  day  of  battle  must  be  appointed. 
The  battle  must  be  in  the  presence  of  the  Court,  in  the 
following  form:  —  At  sunrise  the  parties  assemble;  the 
lists  are  set  out  bj'  the  Court ;  the  accuser  and  the  ac- 
cused are  to  be  bare-armed,  bare-legged,  and  each  armed 
with  a  wooden  truncheon  of  an  ell  long,  and  a  square 
wooden  target.  They  then  take  each  other's  hands,  and 
each  swears  —  the  accuser  that  the  accused  did  kill  tlie 
deceased,  and  the  accused  swears  that  he  did  not.  They 
then  botli  swear  '  that  they  tave  about  them  ne  bone,  ne 
stone,  ne  charm  of  any  sort,  wherebj'  the  law  of  the 
devil  may  be  exalted,  or  the  law  of  God  depressed.' 
They  then  fight  it  out.  If  the  accused  can  make  good 
his  defence  till  the  stars  appear  in  the  evening,  it  is  an 
acquittal ;  but  if  he  is  beaten,  or  cries  '  Craven,'  the  in- 
famous word  of  surrender,  he  is  to  be  hanged." 

With  this  preface  I  will  now  condense,  as  much 
as  is  consistent  with  clearness,  the  account  of  the 
last  offer  of  "battel :"  —  Abraham  Thornton  was 
tried  at  the  Warwick  Assizes,  August  8,  1817,  for 
the  murder  of  Mary  Ashford.  Mr.  Justice  Hol- 
royd  presided,  and  the  trial  lasted  the  whole  day. 
The  evidence  against  the  prisoner,  though  strong, 
was  entirely  circumstantial.  His  defence  was  well 
got  up  ;  and  the  jury,  to  the  infinite  dissatisfac- 
tion of  the  people  of  the  locality,  acquitted  him. 
This  dissatisfaction  was  so  loudly  expressed,  that 
the  brother  of  the  unfortunate  girl  was  induced 
to  obtain  a  writ  of  appeal.  Tiiornton  conse- 
qtiently  was  again  taken  into  custody,  and,  on 
November  17,  placed  at  the  bar  of  the  Court  of 
King's  Bench,  in  Westminster  Hall :  two  of  the 
presiding  judges  being  Lord  Ellenborough  and 
Mr.  Justice  Bayley.  Mr.  Reader,  as  counsel  for 
the  prisoner,  commenced  the  proceedings  by 
moving  that  he  "do  now  plead."  By  order  of  tte 
Court,  the  record  was  then  read  to  the  prisoner  ; 
it  of  course  charged  him  with  the  murder  of  Mary 
Ashford,  by  casting  her  into  a  pit  of  water  ;  and 
he  was  asked  "  What  he  pleaded  to  the  charge  ?" 
He  at  once  rose  up  :  his  counsel  placed  in  his 
hands  a  pair  of  large  horseman's  gloves,  one  of 
which  he  immediately  put  on  ;  and  a  paper,  from 
which  he  read  :  "  My  Lords,  I  am  not  guilty,  and 
I  am  ready  to  defend  myself  with  my  body."  He 
then  waved  the  other  glove,  and  flung  it  into  the 
middle  of  the  court ;  where  it  lay  until  the  close 
of  the  day's  proceedings,  when  it  was  handed  up 
to  the  care  of  the  officer  for  the  crown.  The 
"gage"  having  been  flung,  William  Ashford,  the 
appellant,  was  formally  called.  He  appeared :  a 
mere  stripling,  of  short  stature,  apparently  weak, 
and  about  the  age  of  twenty-two  years.     JVIr. 


242 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°<i  S.  No  39.,  Skpt.  27.  '56. 


Clark,  Lis  coiinsol,  then  expressed  surprise  that 
the  charge  against  the  prisoner  should  be  put  to 
issue  in  this  way  ;  he  submitted  that  the  Court 
had  a  right  to  restrain  the  defendant  from  his 
plea,  and  adduced  the  appellant's  weakness  of 
body  as  a  circumstance  cogent  enough  to  warrant 
the  interference  of  the  Court.  This  however  was 
declined  ;  and  time,  until  November  21,  given  to 
the  appellant  to  counter-plead.  The  counter- 
plea  merely  recapitulated  the  facts  of  the  case, 
and  concluded  thus :  "  Wherefore,  the  said  Wil- 
liam Ashford  prays  the  judgment  of  the  Court 
that  the  said  Abraham  Thornton  may  not  be  per- 
mitted to  wage  battel  on  his  the  said  Abraham's 
plea."  Time  was  now  granted  to  the  defendant 
to  reply  ;  and  on  January  24,  1818,  he  delivered 
in  a  long  replication,  in  which  he  quoted  the 
evidence  used  at  his  former  trial,  asserted  his  in- 
nocence, and  repeated  his  prayer  to  be  allowed  to 
wage  battel  with  William  Ashford.  The  suffi- 
ciency of  this  replication  was  denied  on  January 
29,  when  Mr.  Reader,  for  the  prisoner,  joined 
issue  on  the  demurrer.  The  argument  took  place 
on,  and  occupied  the  whole  of  the  6th  and  7th 
February,  when  the  case  was  farther  adjourned  to 
April  16.  At  which  time  the  Court  decided  that 
the  law  gave  the  defendant  a  right  to  his  wager 
of  battel.  The  appellant,  Ashford,  then  craved 
until  April  20,  to  consider  the  course  he  should 
adopt ;  and  on  that  day  his  counsel  gave  up  the 
appeal.  "  The  appellant,"  said  Mr.  Gurney,  "does 
not  feel  himself  justified  in  accepting  the  chal- 
lenge." The  defendant  was  thereupon  discharged 
from  custody. 

And  in  this  prosaic  manner  terminated  the  last 
effort  of  judicial  chivalry.       Robert  S.  Salmon. 
Newcastle-on-Ti'ne. 


Pope's  ^'■Letters  to  Cromwell"  (2"''  S.  ii.  181.)— 
your  correspondent  C.  P.  is  under  a  mistake. 
There  is  no  doubt  whatever  that  Pope's  Letters  to 
Cromioell  were  published  in  1726  ;  or  rather,  ac- 
cording to  date  in  title-page,  in  1727.  The  book 
is  scarce,  probably  because  it  was  superseded  by 
editions  containing  a  collection  of  Pope's  letters, 
and  is  worthless  except  to  a  few  curious  persons. 
Your  correspondent  is  under  other  mistakes.  The 
edition  of  2'he  Knights  from  which  he  quotes 
was  probably  a  London  republication  of  the 
Scotch  poem.  I  doubt,  from  internal  evidence, 
whether  the  Address  prefixed  was  written  by 
Meston,  the  author ;  but  cannot  doubt  that  the 
P.  S.,  to  which  your  correspondent  refers,  was 
thrust  in  by  Curll  as  an  advertisement  of  his 
Cromwell  letters,  and  a  means  of  annoying  Pope. 

Your  correspondent  quotes  from  the  Preface  to 
The  Knight  of  the  Kirk  what  he  considers  may 


have  been  "the  passage  in  the  original  letter;" 
then  a  variation  from  an  edition  of  1737,  pub- 
lished by  Roberts ;  and  "  another  reading,  making 
a  third  version,"  from  Curll  of  1735.  But  if  he 
will  examine  carefully,  he  will  find  that  the  first 
and  third  are  the  same.  The  writer  of  the  "  Pre- 
face" desired  to  prejudice  Pope  by  showing  that 
he  had  slandered  and  insulted  the  clergy ;  and 
therefore  he  omitted  from  the  passage  every 
word  that  did  not  immediately  illustrate  the  sub- 
ject, or  tended  to  qualify  Pope's  presumed  con- 
tempt;  but  what  he  retained  is,  word  for  word^ 
the  same  as  in  Curll  1735,  except  that  the  words 
"he  has  paraphrased"  are  introduced. 

As  to  the  variation  in  the  edition  published  by 
Roberts,  the  facts,  I  believe,  are  these  :  — 

Roberts,  Cooper,  "  booksellers,"  all  the  pirates, 
if  they  may  be  so  called,  in  the  first  editions  fol- 
lowed Curll  of  1735.  Subsequently,  and  after 
the  publication  of  the  quarto,  a  new  edition  was 
published  by  Cooper,  under  the  secret  sanction  of 
Pope.  This  eA\i\or\,  mutilated  to  suit  Pope's  pur- 
pose, was  followed  by  Roberts  in  the  edition  of 
1737,  referred  to  by  your  correspondent. 

There  are  no  difficulties  about  tie  questions 
raised  by  your  correspondent ;  but  there  are  great 
difficulties  about  the  original  publication  and  sub- 
sequent publications  of  the  Letters  to  Cromwell, 
which  I  hope  future  editors  of  Pope  will  clear  up. 
It  would  lead  me  out  of  all  reasonable  bounds  if 
I  were  to  venture  on  this  curious  and  interesting 
subject.  P.  L.  C. 


Pope  and  Warburton  (2"''  S.  ii.  182.)— The 
volume  described  by  P.  A.  W.  is  not  rare.  I  have 
two  copies,  and  I  have  seen  it  in  the  cheap-book 
catalogues  of,  I  think,  Mr.  Kerslake  at  a  mode- 
rate price.  The  separate  paginations  show  that 
the  three  pieces  were  not  intended  to  form  a 
volume ;  but  what  Warburton's  design  was  I 
cannot  guess.  Could  he  have  contemplated  sell- 
ing them  separately  ?  C. 

Unpublished  Letter  of  Pope  to  Wanley.  — 

The  following  Letter,  which  is  preserved  in  the  Har- 
leian  MS.  3780.  (Wanley  Letters,  vol.  iv.  p.  198.)  does 
not  appear  to  have  been  published.  At  least,  it  is  not  to 
be  found  in  Roscoe's  edition,  which  is  the  latest  and  most 
complete. 

"  To  Mr.  Wanley,  at  the  Rt.  Hon.  the  Earl  of 
Oxford's,  in  Dorset  Street,  Piccadilly. 

"  Worthy  Sir, 
"  I  am  greatly  contented  with  your  kind  token 
of  affection,  although  I  meant  not,  in  any  wise,  to 
have  put  you  to  so  sudden  a  discharge  of  the 
trust  I  reposed  in  you ;  nor  to  have  caused  you  a 
journey  to  a  distant  part  of  the  towne  ;  not  to 
have  obliged  you  to  renew  an  acquaintance  with 
Signor  Alberto,  after  aa  intermission  of  divers 


2»'»  s.  No  39,,  Sept.  27.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


243 


yeares.  Signor  Alberto  may  thanke  me,  but  not 
you.  I  did  verily  tliinke  you  had  seen  him  daily, 
and  do  really  beg  your  pardon.  Notwithstanding 
the  zeal,  as  well  as  punctuality,  you  have  kindly 
shown  herein,  doth  and  ought  much  to  oblige  me. 
As  an  assurance  whereof,  I  will  again,  as  you  ad- 
monish, renew  your  care  and  trouble,  when  these 
same  bottles  are  on  the  rack,  to  refill  them,  and 
me,  with  such  wholesome  liquor  of  the  like  sort 
as  to  your  judgment  shall  seem  good,  I  paying 
the  just  price  for  the  same.*  I  desire  very  truly 
to  have  some  occasion  of  serving  you,  and  that 
you  will  require  it  whenever  opportunity  shall 
offer,  being  sincerely, 
"  Sir, 
"  Your  very  affectionate  faithful  Servant 
"  and  well-wisher, 

"  A.  Pope. 
«  Twickenham,  July  31,  1725," 


Marldand's  Verses  on  Pope's  Satire  on  Addison. 
—  As  these  lines,  which  Curll  has  printed  in  The 
Progress  op  Dulness  (see  ante,  p.  203.),  do  not 
appear  to  be  generally  known,  it  may  be  well  to 
preserve  them  in  the  columns  of  "  N.  &  Q."  They 
will  not  occupy  much  space,  and  may  be  useful  to 
future  writers  on  this  subject. 

William  J.  Thoms. 
"  Verses  presented  to  the  Countess  of  Warwick. 

"Occasioned  by  Mr.  Pope's  impudent  Satire  on  Mr. 
Addison. 
"  WHEN  soft  Expressions  Covert-Malice  hide, 
And  pitying  Satire  cloaks  o'er-weening  Pride, 
When  Ironies  revers'd  right  Virtue  show, 
And  point  which  Way  true  Merit  we  may  know : 
When  Self-Conceit  just  hints  indignant  Rage, 
Shewing  its  wary  Caution  to  engage ; 
In  mazy  Wonder  we  astonish'd  stand, 
Perceive  the  Stroke,  but  miss  th'  emittent  Hand. 
Thus,  if  old  Homer's  Credit  may  avail, 
(And  when  was  Homer's  Credit  known  to  fail  ?) 
When  stipulative  Terms  were  form'd  for  Peace, 
And  Foes  agreed  all  Hostile  Acts  should  cease, 
Sly  Pandarus,  the  Battle  to  renew, 
Amongst  the  adverse  Ranks  a  Javelin  threw : 
The  Greeks  saw  Sparta's  injur'd  Monarch  bleed, 
But  saw  not  who  perform'd  the  perjur'd  Deed. 
So  the  skill'd  Snarler  pens  his  angry  Lines, 
Grins  lowly  fawning,  biting  as  he  whines ; 
Traducing  with  false  Friendship's  formal  Face, 
And  Scandalizing  with  the  Mouth  of  Praise  : 
Shews  his  Intention,  but  his  Weakness  too. 
And  what  he  would,  yet  what  he  dare  not  do ; 
While  launching  forth  into  a  Depth  of  Praise, 
Whose  kind  Attempts  the  Mind  attentive  raise, 
When  suddenly  the  Pyr ate- Colours  show, 
Beneath  the  Friend's  Disguise,  the  lurking  Foe. 

"  O  Pope  !  forbear,  henceforth,  to  vex  the  Muse, 
Whilst  forc'd,  a  Task  so  hateful,  she  pursues ; 

*  It  would  appear  that  Humphrey  Wanley  combined 
an  agency  for  wine  and  spirits  with  literary  pursuits ;  for 
in  a  letter  from  Dr.  Hickes  to  him,  the  Doctor  savs,  "  I 
am  provided  with  wine,  and  so  retract  my  commission." 


No  more  let  empty  Words  to  Rhimes  be  brought, 
And  fluent  Sounds  atone  for  want  of  Thought : 
Still  Addison  shall  live,  and  pregnant  Fame 
Teem  with  eternal  Triumphs  of  his  Name; 
Still  sliall  his  Country  hold  him  more  endear'd, 
Lov'd  by  this  Age,  and  by  the  next  Rever'd. 
Or,  if  from  good  Advice  you  turn  your  Ear, 
Nor  friendly  Words,  imparted  timely,  hear; 
Exert  your  utmost  Energy  of  Spite, 
And  as  each  envious  Hint  arises,  write : 
So  shall  his  deathless  Glory  never  cease. 
And  you,  by  lessening,  will  his  Fame  increase. 

"  J.  Markland." 


BARON  VON  REICHENBACH  AND  REV.  DR.  MAITLAND. 

Having  recently  taken  up  the  Rev.  Dr.  Mait- 
land's  Essay  on  Superstition  and  Science,  I  learn 
from  it,  that  in  1851  he  propounded  a  question 
through  your  columns,  to  which  he  informs  us  he 
never  received  a  satisfactory  reply. 

The  question  arose  out  of  Baron  von  Reichen- 
bach's  assertion  that  "  thousands  of  ghost  stories 
would  now  receive  a  natural  explanation  from 
the  spectral  and  luminous  emanations  from  grave- 
yards, or  other  spots  containing  decomposed  ani- 
mal matter,  as  seen  by  Billing,  Mile.  Reichel,  and 
other  sensitives." 

Dr.  Maitland  writes  to  ask,  if  any  correspon- 
dent is  aware  of  any  ghost  stories  that  will  bear 
out  the  Baron's  assertion  ? 

Surely  the  nurseries  of  England,  Ireland,  Scot- 
land, and  Wales  abound  in  them.  Has  the  Doctor 
never  heard  of  ghosts  in  churchyards,  and  of  those 
ghosts  being  invariably  in  white  ?  Now  if  the 
luminous  phenomena  do  actually  occur,  as  the 
Baron  asserts,  we  have  at  once  a  solution  of 
the  white ;  for,  according  to  the  description  of  the 
luminous  appearances  as  seen  by  Mile.  Reichel, 
they  resembled  "a  dense  vaprous  mass  of  fire, 
holding  a  middle  place  between  mist  and  flame  ;" 
which  we  take  it,  if  visible  at  all,  must  produce 
the  effect  of  white,  and  possibly  of  shining  white, 
which  latter  is  the  usual  popular  accompaniment 
of  an  apparition.  It  is  evident,  therefore,  that 
the  Baron,  from  his  point  of  view,  had  a  right  to 
assert  that  "  thousands  of  ghost  stories  had  re- 
ceived their  solution." 

Moreover,  I  have  recollections  of  tales  of  ghosts 
with  flaming  eyes  appearing  in  churchyards. 
And  doubtless  tlie  flesh  of  many  an  Irishman  has 
some  day  crept  at  thrilling  stories  of  fires  from 
ghostly  eyes,  gravely  described  as  strong  enough 
for  Paddy  to  light  his  dbubeen  with, 

Theophilus, 


HOPS    a   wicked   WEED. 

Fuller,  in  his  Worthies  (Art.  Essex),  mentions 
a  petition  to  parliament  in  the  reign  of  Henry  VI. 
against  that  "  wicked  weed  called  hops."    He  says, 


244 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nds.  No39.,.SKrT.  27. '5C. 


"  They  are  not  so  bitter  in  themselves  as  others 
have  been  against  them,  accusing  hops  for  noxi- 
ous; preserving  beer,  but  destroying  those  who 
drink  it.  Their  back-friends  also  affirm,  the 
stone  never  so  epidemical  in  England,  as  since  the 
general  reception  and  use  of  hops  in  the  begin- 
ning of  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII."  This  may  be 
all  very  humorous.  Master  Tom  Fuller,  but  your 
Note  that  hops  were  known  in  England  in  the 
reign  of  Henry  VI.  admits  of  a  humble  Query. 
Is  not  the  old  illiymer,  in  1546,  a  little  nearer  the 
mark  in  his  parody  of  a  well  known  distich,  — 

"  Hops,  Reformation,  Baj's,  and  Beer, 
-     Came  into  England  all  in  one  year"? 

According  to  the  most  credible  accounts,  the 
English  were  taught  the  cultivation  of  hops  by 
some  native  of  Artois,  who,  in  1524,  introduced 
them  into  this  country ;  but  the  physicians  re- 
presenting them  as  unwholesome,  parliament  was 
petitioned  against  hops  as  being  a  wicked  weed, 
and  in  152S  their  use  was  prohibited  under  severe 
penalties.  In  Rastell's  Collection  of  Entries,  it  is 
stated,  tliat  "  an  aleman  brought  an  action  against 
his  brewer  for  spoiling  his  ale,  by  putting  in  a 
certain  weed  called  a  hop,  and  recovered  damages 
against  his  brewer."  Even  Henry  VIII.,  who 
loved  a  sparkling  glass,  appears  to  have  been  pre- 
judiced against  hops;  for  in  a  MS.  dated  Eltham, 
mense  Jan.  1530,  occurs  an  injunction  to  his 
brewer  "  not  to  put  any  hops  or  brimstone  into 
the  ale  ! "  So  that  the  adulteration  of  this  ex- 
hilarating beverage  is  rather  of  long  standing  in 
our  country,  and  not  limited  to  these  degenerate 
days  of  licensed  publicans  and  sinners.  In  the 
reign  of  Edward  VI.,  about  the  year  1552,  the 
term  hop-grounds  first  occurs  in  our  laws.  In 
1603,  a  very  considerable  quantity  of  hops  were 
already  produced  in  this  country ;  however,  it 
was  still  necessary  to  import  them  from  abroad, 
and  by  the  adulteration  of  the  foreign,  as  we  learn 
from  an  act  of  parliament,  the  English  were  then 
defrauded  annually  to  the  amount  of  20,000^. 
sterling.  J.  Yeov/ki.l. 


ILLUSTRATIONS    OF    MACAULAT. 

Letter  of  Bishop  Burnet.  — 

The  following  Letter  of  Burnet's  is  transcribed  from 
the  Harleian  MS.,  6798  (art.  49.),  and  forms  an  illustra- 
tion both  of  Burnet's  own  History  and  that  of  Maeaulay, 
which  may  well  be  added  to  those  which  have  nlready 
appeared  in  "N.  &  Q."  J.  L.  B. 

Lettre  de  M.  le  Docteur  Burnet,  de  lundy  jusqiiau 
jeudy  26  Novembre  1688.  JEscrite  a  diverges  re- 
prises selon  que  fai  eu  le  loisir. 

Etant  arrive  a  Torbay  le  S'"*  Novembre,  S.  A. 
descendit  a  terre  vers  les  trois  heures  npresmidy, 
et  marqua  "k  tons  ceux  qui  etoient  autour  de  lui, 
qu'il  etoit  plein  de  recognoissance  de  la  grace  que 


Dieu  lui  avoit  faite  de  lui  donner  un  si  heureux 
voyage.  II  me  dit  en  particulier,  Ne  croirai-je 
pas  presentement  la  predestination  ?  Je  repondis, 
que  j'estois  tres  persuade  de  I'assistance  en  toute 
particuliere  que  Dieu  avoit  donnee  a  S.  A,  en 
cette  grande  entreprise.  S.  A.  accompagne  [du 
due  de  Scom-]berg  monta  aussitost  a  cheval,  et 
alia  decouvrir  le  pays  "h  droite  et  a  gauche  pen- 
dant que  le  reste  du  jour,  et  toute  la  nuit  furent 
employes  au  debarquement  de  I'infanterie.  Le 
matin  suivant  on  trouva  heureusement  un  endroit 
fort  pros  de  la  ville  on  Ton  descendit  les  chevaux, 
sans  qu'il  fiit  besoin  de  les  faire  nager  trois  fois 
le  longueur  de  leurs  corps.  Tout  fut  a  ten-e  et 
prest  a  marcher  le  lendemain  a  midy.  Le  Prince 
fit  cette  nuit  la  une  marche  de  quatre  milles,  et 
logea  a  un  petit  bourg  appelle  Neuton.  II  plou- 
voit  toute  la  nuit ;  et  bien  qu'il  fust  dix  lieiiros 
du  soir  avant  que  tout  fust  arrive,  et  que  chacun 
fust  et  las  et  mouille,  le  lendemain  il  n'y  eut 
aucune  plainte  en  toute  I'armee  qu'au  seul  sujet 
de  je  ne  scay  quoy  qu' avoit  este  ou  perdu  ou  de- 
robe,  et  que  S.  A.  paya.  Cette  heureuse  exacti* 
tude  peut  passer  pour  quelque  chose  d'assez  rare 
dans  une  aussi  grosse  trouppe.  Le  peuple  des 
environs,  informe  de  notre  arrivee,  s'etoit  rendu 
en  grande  nombre  sur  les  avenues,  plein  de  cris 
de  joye  et  de  benedictions,  et  nous  cotoyoit ; 
quantite  s'avancerent  jusqu'au  Prince  les  pas, 
lui  prenant  la  main  et  la  baissant  le  genou  en 
terre ;  les  autres  touchant  et  baissant  seulement 
ses  habits. 

Sur  le  midy  le  Chevalier  Courtney,  le  plus 
grand  terrien  et  le  plus  puissant  de  la  province 
de  Devon,  envoya  son  fils  a  S.  A.  pour  la  prier 
de  venir  coucher  chez  lui  ce  soir  la.  Le  Prince 
s'y  rendit,  et  pour  un  impr^vu  comme  le  fut  celui- 
lil,  on  ne  peut  estre  plus  splendidement  regale 
que  S.  A.  le  fut.  Le  S""*  elle  envoya  les  Comtes 
de  Shrewsbury,  de  Macklefields,  et  de  Wiltshire 
avec  my  lord  Mordaunt  et  moy  a  Exeter  avec  des 
Lettres  a  I'Evesque  du  lieu  et  au  Clerge,  au 
Maire,  et  aux  Eschevins;  Mais  I'Evesque  et  le 
Doyen  s'etoient  retires  des  le  jour  precedent  k 
quelques  milles  de  Citte.  Les  Chanoines  restes 
dans  la  ville,  firent  scruple  d'ouvrir  la  lettre, 
quoy  qu'adressee  a  eux  en  I'absence  de  I'Evesque; 
Persuades  k  la  fin  de  le  faire,  ils  demanderent  du 
temps  pour  faire  leur  reponse.  Le  Prince  par  sa 
lettre  leur  demandoit  leurs  prieres  b,  Dieu,  et  les 
prioit  de  se  rendre  aupres  de  lui  pour  y  officior, 
et  de  tascher  de  desposer  la  ville  a  le  recevoir  en 
amy.  lis  furent  toute  la  nuit  en  consultation, 
dans  une  conference  de  quelques  heures  avec 
eux  :  Et  apres  tout,  on  ne  peut  tirer  d'eux  autre 
chose,  sinon  qu'ils  etoient  resolus  de  vivre  et  de 
mourir  bons  Protestants  ;  Qu'ils  etoient  au  pou- 
voir  de  S.  A.,  et  qu'elle  pouvoit  faire  d'eux  ce 
qu'il  lui  plairoit ;  Que  s'il  leur  commandoit  de 
I'aller  trouver,  ils  obeyroient.     Le  Maire  et  les 


2'"»  S.  No  39.,  Sept.  27.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


245 


Eschevins,  se  mettant  sur  le  pied  ecclesiastlque, 
allegucrent  aussi  qu'ils  etoient  les  gens  du  lioy  ; 
Qu'ils  distribueroient  des  lofjements  aux  soldats, 
si  on  le  leur  commandoit,  niais  que  pour  aller  au 
devant  du  Prince,  lis  ne  le  feroient  qua  son  expres 
commandement.  Tout  le  reste  de  la  villa  fut 
aussi  plein  d'ardeur  et  d'aflfection,  qu'il  avoit  paru 
de  reserve  et  de  froideur  en  ceux  dont  je  viens 
de  parler.  Leurs  acclamations  et  leurs  applaud- 
issements  furent  tels,  qu'il  sembloit  qu'ils  fussent 
Iiors  d'eux-mesmes. 

Nous  n'avions  avec  nous  que  deux  Compaignies 
de  Cavallerie  et  une  de  Dragons.  Le  Prince 
entra  le  jour  suivant  dans  la  ville,  et  il  y  I'ut 
receu  avec  un  joye  et  des  transports  d' affection 
qu'on  ne  sauroit  exprimer.  Une  foule  incroyable 
de  peuple  se  venoit  offrir  a  lui ;  et  il  auroit  peu 
sur  le  champ  en  former  un  corps  de  plus  de  dix 
mille  hommes.  Le  lenderaain  de  son  arrivee,  qui 
fut  un  Samedy,  le  Prince  manda  le  Clerge,  et  leur 
dit  fort  tendremeiit,  Qu'il  etoit  marri  que  leur 
Evesque  se  trouvast  hors  de  la  ville  ;  Qu'il 
esperoit  que  cette  absence  ne  I'empeschei'oit  pas 
dans  peu  de  temps  avec  toute  la  Grande  Bre- 
tagne  temoin  qu'on  n'etoit  venu  icy  pour  faire 
peur  a  personne  ;  et  qu'on  n' avoit  autre  but  que 
de  prevenir  la  ruine  de  I'Eglise  Angliuane,  et  de 
la  reniettre  sur  le  pied  de  son  ancienne  splendeur. 
II  ajouta  qu'il  avoit  appris  qu'ils  avoient  agy  en 
gens  de  bien  du  temps  de  leur  denier  Maire, 
(c'etoit  un  Papiste  que  la  politique  de  la  Cour 
avoit  trouvoit  bon  de  faire  retirer  de  cet  employ 
depuis  peu  de  jours).  Et  qu'il  esperoit  d'eux 
qu'ils  persisteroient  a  marquer  toujours  un  pareil 
zele  pour  la  Religion.  Toute  la  reponse  fut  qu'ils 
vivroient  et  mourroient  bons  Protestants.  Sur 
quoy  le  Prince  leur  congedia,  en  leur  disant  qu'il 
leur  envoyeroit  ses  ordres.  Bien  de  gens  trouve- 
rent  a  redire  a  cette  conduite  du  Clerge  d'Exeter  ; 
mais  le  Prince  modera  leurs  ressetitiments.  II 
ordonna  qu'on  chantast  le  Te  Denm  a  midy.  Un 
offieier  eut  ordre  d'y  faire  venir  le  Choeur  ;  Apres 
le  Te  Deum,  on  y  leut  la  Declaration  de  S.  A.,  qui 
fust  regue  avec  des  acclamations  exti'aordinaires 
du  peuple.  Je  preschay  dans  la  Cathedrale  en 
presence  du  Prince  sur  le  dernier  verset  du 
Psaume  107.  S.  A.  a  change  la  Magistrature  de 
la  Ville,  et  en  a  mis  le  gouvernement  en  d'autres 
mains  par  provision.  On  leve  cinq  Keglments 
d'Infanterie,  deux  de  Cavallerie,  et  un  de  Dra- 
gons. II  se  presenta  dix  fois  plus  de  gens  qu'on 
n'en  demande.  On  envoye  de  tous  cotes  des 
partis  de  Dragons  pour  amener  des  chevaux  au 
camp.  L'aboudance  y  est  grande.  Je  croy  que 
nous  serons  icy  environ  dix  jours  en  tout ;  mais 
la  plupart  de  I'armee  est  desja  en  marcbe  et  a 
quinze  ou  vingt  milles  d'icy. 

J'oubliois  a  vous  dire  que  le  lendemaln  de 
I'arrivee  du  Prince  en  cette  Ville  d'Exeter,  My 
Lord  Colchester,  Lieutenant  d'une  Compaignie  des 


Guardes,  avec  divers  OfBciers  et  gentilhommes,  se 
rendit  icy  :  Mr.  Russell  fils  du  Comte  de  Bedford, 
Mr.  Wharton  fils  aisne  du  My  Lord  de  ce  nom ; 
le  Colonel  Godefrey,  Mr.  Jephson,  Mr.  Row,  Mr. 
Boyle  fils  de  My  Lord  Shanon,  sont  de  ce  nom- 
bre.  Et  tous  renouvellent  au  Prince  les  assur- 
ances des  bonnes  intentions  et  de  TafTection  de  la 
plus  grande  partie  de  I'armee. 

J'avois  ecrit  jusqu'icy,  quand  on  m'est  venu 
dire  qu'au  lieu  de  deux  Regiments  de  Cavallerie, 
Barwick  autrefois  Oxford,  et  St.  Albans,  et  un  de 
Dragons  de  My  Lord  Cornbury,  que  ce  Seigneur 
commandant  ces  trois  Regiments,  comme  leur 
Colonel,  devoit  amener  icy,  il  n'en  est  arrive 
qu'une  partie ;  ils  etoient  venus  jusqu'a  vingt 
milles  d'icy  en  un  lieu  appelle  Exminster,  et  le 
(la)  My  Lord  leur  faisoit  entendre  qu'il  venoit 
donner  sur  nous.  lis  marchoient  de  nuit,  lorsque 
quelques  Officiers  Papistes,  qui  etoient  de  la 
troupe  s'apercevant  ou  ils  etoient,  crierent  alte, 
et  mirent  tout  en  confusion,  en  disant  qu'ils  al- 
loient  donner  dans  un  ambuscade.  Une  partie 
rebrousserent  chemin.  My  Lord  Cornbury  avec 
la  moitie  de  son  Regiment  et  tous  les  Officiers, 
excepte  le  Major,  sont  des  noti-es  ;  Tout  St. 
Albans,  a  la  reserve  de  dix  Cavaliers,  qui  ayant 
refuse  de  prendre  party,  ont  este  demontes  et 
desarmes ;  avec  50  cavaliers  du  Regiment  de  Bar- 
wick, le  plus  ancien  et  meilleur  regiment  d'An- 
gleterre,  consistant  en  neuf  compaignies  de  50 
hommes  chacune,  sont  aussi  a  nous. 

On  apprend  que  depuis  cela,  le  Capitaine  Kerck 
s'est  aussi  rendu  au  camp  k  la  teste  de  cent  che- 
vaux de  vieilles  trouppes.  On  presse  fort  S.  A. 
d'avancer  vers  I'armee  du  Roy  ;  et  il  est  seur  que 
I'armee  entiere,  a  la  reserve  des  Papistes  et  des 
Irlandois,  se  rangera  du  cote  du  Prince.  On  at- 
tend pour  demain  ou  apres-demain  la  Declaration 
de  Plymouth  en  faveur  du  Prince.  II  en  est 
venu  quelques  Officiers,  qui  assurent  qu'on  a  re- 
fuse I'entree  de  la  Citadelle  au  My  Lord  Hunt- 
ington qui  y  a  son  Regiment,  et  qu'il  est  oblige 
de  coucher  dans  la  ville.  On  scait  presentement 
que  si  Ton  avoit  este  d'abord  a  Portsmouth,  il  se 
seroit  rendu  a  nous,  tant  la  division  y  est  grande 
entre  les  Anglois  et  les  Irlandois,  qui  y  sont  en 
garnison.  Le  Roy  en  a  este  fort  allarmee.  Je 
tiens  cecy  de  M'  Russell  mesme  Gentilhomme  de 
la  chambre  que  S.  M*  y  envoya  immediatement 
apres  avoir  eu  la  nouvelle  que  nous  etions  entres 
dans  la  Manche ;  et  qui  est  presentement  des 
notres. 

Hier  le  Comte  d'Abington,  le  frere  du  Comte 
de  Westmerland,  et  plusieurs  autres  personnes  de 
qualite,  arriverent  icy  ;  II  en  arrive  b,  toute  heure ; 
et  j'espere  que  nous  partirons  dans  2  ou  trois 
jours  au  plus  tard.  On  nous  dit  icy,  mais  sans 
grande  certitude,  qu'on  se  remue  dans  le  Nord, 
qu'on  s'est  empare  de  la  ville  d'York,  et  qu'on  s'est 
declare  pour  le  Prince.     Un  vaisseau   arrivant 


246 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  jjo  39.,  Sept.  27.  '56. 


d' Irian  d  k  Plymouth  a  apporte  des  Lettres,  qu'on 
regue  bier  icy.  Elles  marquent  qu'on  a  com- 
mence un  massacre  vers  Youghall ;  et  il  paroit 
vraisemblable  qu'il  y  a  du  desordre  dans  ce  pays- 
la  ;  car  les  Lettres  de  Londres  portent  qu'on  n'y 
a  point  eu  de  Lettres  d'Irlande  de  six  ordinaires, 
quoy  que  le  vent  n'est  point  cesse  d'estre  bon. 

Une  presse  nous  feroit  icy  plus  de  service  qu'un 
Regiment;  on  ne  sauroit  fournir  a.  faire  des  Copies; 
et  le  monde  est  fait  d'une  maniere  que  s'il  ne  void 
des  imprimes,  il  n'ajoute  pas  foy  aux  choses  les 
plus  autorisees  et  les  plus  certaines. 

S.  A.  a  etabli  un  Conseil  compose  de  personnes 
de  la  premiere  qualite  qui  sont  autour  de  lui ;  Ce 
conseil  regoit  toutes  les  plaintes,  et  y  pourvoid. 
S.  A.  a  aussi  public  une  nouvelle  Declaration  (en 
son  nom  et  de  Vadvis  des  Pairs  du  Royaume  et 
Gentihhommes  assistans  pres  de  lui),  portant  pre- 
mierement  invitation  a  tous  bons  et  fidelles  Sujets 
des  trois  Royaumes  d'embrasser  la  cause  com- 
mune, leur  offrant  sa  protection,  et  protestant  que 
si  qui  que  ce  soit  se  mette  en  etat  d'embrasser  le 
bon  party,  tombe  entre  les  mains  de  I'enemy,  ceux 
des  enemis  qui  tomberont  entre  ses  mains,  regev- 
ront  le  mesme  traitement  qu'on  aura  fait  aux 
gens  de  son  parti :  2™^"*  saisie  de  tous  les  deniers 
et  revenus  Royaux,  pour  estre  payes  entre  les 
mains  des  Receveurs  nommes  par  S.  A,  En  3™® 
lieu,  Etablissement  d'un  marche  franc  par  tout  oii 
I'armee  de  S.  A.  se  trouvera. 

Le  Clerge  reprend  courage.  On  avoit  donne 
des  logements  de  gens  de  guerre  a  quelques  uns. 
J'allai  en  parler  a  S.  A.,  qui  commanda  aussitost 
qu'on  les  delogeast.  lis  sont  occupes  presente- 
ment  a  dresser  une  Requeste  au  Roy,  pour  lui 
demander  un  Parlement  libre  pour  la  seurete  de 
la  Religion  Protestante  et  des  Loix  et  Liberies 
d'Angleterre.  La  Requeste  commence  par  ces 
paroles.  "  Que  plusieurs  entreprises  ayant  este 
Jbrmees  contre  la  Religion  Pi'otestante,  nos  lois  et 
nos  liberies  [add.  Et  pour  retablissemerd  de  la  Su- 
perstition Papistiqiie,  par  la  Grace  de  Dieu  abolie 
et  entieremeiit  interdite  par  les  Loix  fondamentales 
de  ce  Royaume^  Tres  sensihlement  touches^  tant  de 
desordres,  &c.  Bien  entendu  que  tous  ceux  qui 
signeront  cette  Requeste,  seront  regardes  comme 
etant  des  notres. 

S.  A.  a  regeu  cette  pensee  du  Clerge  avec  agre- 
ment.  On  travaille  aux  souscriptions  de  la  Re- 
queste :  ce  qui  mettra  tout  le  monde  de  notre  cote ; 
car  cbacun  attend  les  mouvements  du  Clerge.  Le 
Doyen  envoya  hier  demander  pardon  au  Prince 
de  s'estre  eloigne,  et  permission  de  le  venir  trouver. 
S.  A.  lui  accorda  sa  demande,  et  il  doit  estre  icy 
ce  soir.  J'apprens  que  S.  A.  fait  partir  un  ex- 
pres  pour  HoUande.  II  faut  done  finir  icy.  Dans 
ce  moment  on  vient  de  me  dire  que  les  Regiments 
qui  se  venoient  rendre  a  nous,  se  sont  debandes. 
lis  ne  viendront  pas  en  corps  d'armee.  Mais  en 
detail,  tout  prendra  le  bon  chemin  ;  ce  qui  abre- 


gera,  Dieu  aydant,  les  affaires ;  car  desormais  il 
en  arrive  h  tout  moment.  Adieu.  Vendredy  "k 
midy. 

29th  Nov'"-%  1688. 


Devonshire  Saying.  —  The  following  saying  is 
often  used  by  the  South  Devonshire  peasantry  on 
seeing  anything  particularly  striking  or  beautiful  : 
"  That's  extra,  as  the  old  woman  said  when  she 
saw  Kerton."  Now  I  can  remember  Crediton 
■when  it  was  anything  but  a  striking  town  ;  but  it 
has  been  nearly  rebuilt  of  late  years,  so  perhaps 
the  saying  is  a  modern  one. 

William  Fbaseb,  B.C.L. 

Alton,  Staffordshire. 

Poetical  Epitaphs  on  Queen  Elizabeth  in  London. 
—  The  queen  is  buried  at  Westminster,  where 
were  some  versicles  in  her  honour  by  Skelton,  the 
laureate,  but  where  they  exist  I  know  not.  Her 
epitaph  at  St.  Mary-le-Bow  consisted  of  prose  and 
verse,  the  latter  running  thus : 

"  Fame  blow  aloud,  and  to  the  World  proclaim, 
There  never  ruled  such  a  Roj'al  Dame. 
The  word  of  God  was  ever  her  delight, 
In  it  she  meditated  Day  and  Night. 
Spain's  Rod,  Rome's  Ruin,  Netherland's  Relief, 
Earth's  Joy,  England's  Gem,  World's  Wonder,  Nature's 

Chief. 
She  was,  and  is,  what  can  there  more  be  said, 
On  Earth  the  chief,  in  Heav'n  the  second  Maid." 

The  following  was  at  St.  Michael,  Wood  Street, 
but  in  1707  it  had  disappeared  : 

"  Here  lies  her  Type,  who  was  of  late 

The  prop  of  Belgia,  stay  of  France, 
Spain's  Foil,  Faith's  Shield,  and  Queen  of  State, 

Of  Arms  and  Learning,  Fate  and  Chance. 
In  brief,  of  Women  ne'er  was  seen 
So  great  a  Prince,  so  good  a  Queen. 
Sith  Virtue  her  Immortal  made. 

Death  (envying  all  that  cannot  dye) 
Her  earthly  parts  did  so  invade. 

As  in  it  wrack'd  Self-Majesty. 
But  so  her  Spirit  inspired  her  Parts, 
That  she  still  lives  in  Loyal  Hearts." 

At  St.  Saviour's,  Southwark  : 

"  St.  Peter's  Church  at  Westminster, 
Her  sacred  Body  doth  inter ; 
Her  glorious  Soul  with  Angels  sings, 
Her  Deeds  live  Patterns  here  for  Kings : 
Her  Love  in  everj'  Heart  hath  room, 
This  only  Shadows  out  her  tomb." 

There  were  several  more,  as  at  AUhallows   the 
Great  and  St.  Mildred,  Poultry.  Thbelkelp. 

Ame7ncan- German  English.  —  I  make  the  fol- 
lowing cutting  from  an  American  newspaper,  The 
Berks  and  Schuylkill  Journal.  It  should  be  ob- 
served that  the  German  language  is  still  generally 
spokea  in  and  about  Reading,  the  chief  towa  of 


2°'i  S.  No  39.,  Sept,  27.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


247 


Berks  County,  Pennsylvania,  originally  almost  a 
pure  German  colony : 

"  At  Dr.  Leisenring's  Hermitage.  —  On  the  800  feet  high 
Cushion  Hill,  (Berks  County  Cold  Springs,)  between 
Reading  and  Womelsdorf,  on  the  Lebanon  Valley  Rail- 
road, have  been  lately  several  family  parties  and  pic-nics 
in  the  open  air,  on  week  days. 

"  The  heavenly  environs  on  the  platform,  under  large 
shade  trees,  the  amusement  arrangements,  and  that  a 
person  can  easy  drive  on  the  top  of  the  hill,  makes  the 
abode  here  incomparably  agi'eeable  ;  near  or  far  it  is  not 
so  easy  to  find  a  place  that  offers  such  varieties. 

"  To  secure  the  localitj'-,  in  order  to  satisfy  the  wishes, 
a  person  will  do  well  to  give  previous  notice  of  it,  under 
direction. 

"  LEISENRING'S  HERMITAGE, 

"  Wernersville,  P.  0.,  Berks  Co.,  Pa. 

"August  9-2 mo." 

James  Graves. 

Kilkenny, 

Large  Oysters.  — 

"  Alexander,  with  his  friends  and  physicians,  wondered 
to  find  oysters  in  the  Indian  seas  a  foot  long;  and  in 
Pliny's  time  {N'at.  Hist.,  lib.  xxxii.  c.  6.),  they  marvelled 
at  an  oyster  which  might  be  divided  into  three  morsels, 
naming  it  tridacnori.  But  I  dare,  and  do  truly  affirm, 
that  at  my  eldest  brother's  marriage  at  Aldham  Hall, 
Essex,  I  did  see  a  Peldon  oyster  divided  ihto  eight  good 
morsels,  whose  shell  was  nothing  less  than  that  of  Alex- 
ander's."—  Monfet's  Health's  Improvement,  London,  1C55, 
p.  ICl. 

In  the  University  of  Leyden  an  oyster  shell  is 
or  was  shown,  weighing  130  lbs. 

R.  W.  Hackwood. 

"  Jb/iw  de  Lancaster." — An  elderly  lady  of  my 
acquaintance  lately  related  to  me  a  singular  fact 
in  connexion  with  tlie  above-mentioned  novel- 
Mr,  Cumberland,  its  author,  called  to  her  just  as 
he  was  finishing  its  composition,  and  read  aloud 
to  her  the  contents  of  the  last  sheet.  She  said  to 
him:  "Your  novel  will  not  sell."  "Why?"  he 
asked,  with  surprise  and  some  anxiety.  "Because 
you  drag  us  through  three  volumes,  following  the 
fortunes  of  your  hero,  and  then  you  kill  him." 
More  was  said  to  the  same  effect,  and  the  conse- 
quence was,  that  the  concluding  chapters  of  the 
novel  in  question  were  materially  altered. 

Threlkeld. 

Whistle.  Tankards.  —  The  following  has  gone 
the  round  of  the  papers  :  — 

"  Mrs.  Mary  Dixon,  widow  of  a  Canon  residentiary  of 
York,  has  presented  two  ancient  silver  tankards  to  the 

corporation  of  Hull.  One  of  them  is  a  '  whistle  tankard,' 
which  belonged  to  Anthony  Lambert,  Mayor  of  Hull  in 

1669.  Mrs.  Dixon  'has  been  freqviently  told  that  there 
is  only  one  other  whistle  tankard  in  the  kingdom.'    The 

whistle  comes  into  play  when  the  tankard  is  empty;  so 
that  when  it  reaches  the  hands  of  a  toper,  and  there  is 
nothing  to  drink,  he  must,  if  he  wants  liquor,  'whistle 
for  it,' —  which  possibly  may  be  the  origin  of  the  popular 
phrase." 

At  this  rate  may  not  the  phrase  of  "  wetting 


one's  whistle"  be  also  referred  to  the  filling  of 
such  tankard  ? 

Where  is  the  "other"  tankard  referred  to? 

R.  W.  Hackwood. 


©ucifcg. 


MEANING    OF    LECKERSTONB. 

What  is  the  origin  of  the  name  Leckerstone,  as 
applied  to  a  farm-house  near  an  abbey  or  monas- 
tery ?  The  circumstances  are  these.  There  is  a  farm 
with  a  neat  mansion-house  of  that  name,  about  a 
mile  from  the  town  and  abbey  of  Dunfermline, 
county  of  Fife  ;  and  still  nearer  the  town,  in  the 
same  direction,  there  is  another  farm,  named  the 
Grange,  anciently,  it  is  presumed,  the  granary  of 
the  abbey.  May  Leckerstonp  have  received  its 
name  from  monastic  times  and  usages  ?  I  am  in- 
formed that  there  is  a  somewhat  similar  name 
given  to  a  spot  in  the  parish  of  Abdie,  also  in 
Fife,  near  the  Grange  village  and  the  abbey  of 
Lindores,  where  there  were  two  licher-stanes,  as 
they  were  pronounced,  one  on  each  side  of  a  foot- 
path leading  to  the  Den,  and  thence  lo  the 
Abbey,  forming,  as  it  were,  posts  or  pillars  at  its 
entrance.  They  were  about  three  feet  high, 
square  and  flat  on  the  top.  They  were  not  hewn, 
but  merely  boulders  of  a  bluish  colour,  gathered 
from  the  land,  and  no  doubt  selected  for  the  pur- 
pose. The  uniform  tradition  is,  that  they  were 
used  at  funerals,  as  a  resting-place  on  which  the 
coffin  or  bier  was  put,  while  being  conveyed  to 
the  churchyard,  and  that  there  the  priest  or  mi- 
nister read  lessons  or  lectures,  or  gave  an  address, 
and  hence  the  name.  They  were  removed  nearly 
sixty  years  since,  and  are  reported  to  have  been 
put  to  some  useful  purpose  near  the  Manse.  It 
is  believed,  on  the  authority  of  a  deceased*  able 
antiquary,  W,  D.  D.  TurnbuU,  Esq.,  Advociite, 
that  the  abbey  of  Lindores  once  stood  on  the 
margin  of  the  loch,  and  therefore  near  to  the 
Grange,  to  which  a  monumental  stone  statue 
lately  found  on  the  bank  of  the  loch  gives  some 
countenance.  Tiiere  is  a  portion  of  ground,  jut- 
ting into  the  loch,  called  the  Licker  Inch,  or  as 
interi)reted  by  some.  Lecturers  Inch.  There  is  a 
place,  too,  in  the  parish  of  Falkland  (not  far  dis- 
tant) called  Leckerstanes,  on  the  side  of  the  road 
leading  from  the  village  of  Fruchie  in  the  parish 
to  the  churchyard. 

As  I  have  the  prospect  of  going  to  press  about 
a  month  hence  with  a  second  volume  of  my  "  His- 
torical and  Statistical  Account  of  Dunfermline," 
published  in   1844,   your  early  reply,  either  by 


[*  We  are  happy  to  assure  our  correspondent  that  this 
accomplished  antiquary  is  still  among  us,  but  practising 
in  London  instead  of  E^JflHirgh.r-ED.  "N.  &  Q."] 


248 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»d  S.  No  80.,  Skpt.  27.  '5P. 


letter  or  in  your  printed  "  N.  &  Q.,'*  will  much 
oblige.  P.  C. 


ANCIENT    REPRESENTATIONS   OP   THE    TRINITY. 

Happening  lately  to  be  inspecting  the  very 
pleasant  little  Musee  at  Rypres,  I  noticed  a  wood 
carving;  one  of  three  large  old  medallions,  which, 
in  connexion  with  another  similar  curiosity,  may 
interest  your  readers. 

The  carving  had  for  its  subject  a  representation 
of  the  Trinity.  The  Father,  a  reverend  old  man, 
sitting,  supports  the  cross  ;  on  which  is  stretched 
our  Redeemer,  his  head  (as  is  usual  in  early  re- 
presentations) declining  to  the  right. 

In  extreme  suffering,  the  figure  resembles  the 
painting  of  the  same  painful  subject  by  the  By- 
zantine artists :  the  limbs  long  and  extenuated, 
the  face  hollow,  and  full  of  agony. 

From  the  mouth  of  the  Father  proceeds  the 
dove,  the  third  person  in  the  Trinity  being  thus 
symbolised,  in  full  wing ;  flying  towards  the 
bowed  head  of  the  suffering  Christ.  The  whole 
reminded  me  forcibly  of  a  carving  in  Morwen- 
stovv  Church,  Cornwall,  carefully  preserved  with 
true  antiquarian  zeal  by  the  learned  vicar,  the 
Rev.  R.  S.  Hawker. 

On  the  right  hand,  in  this  carving,  the  Son  is 
shown  —  a  face  with  some  rude  notions  of  beauty ; 
from  His  mouth  proceed  two  curious  strings,  or- 
namented with  pellets.  On  the  higher  of  these 
two  the  dove  is  seen  attacking  the  dragon,  who, 
in  his  turn,  is  attempting  to  demolish  the  church, 
symbolised  by  a  tower :  on  the  other  side  of 
which,  previous  to  its  destruction  by  some  local 
barbarian,  the  Father,  the  reverend  aged  head, 
might  have  been  seen. 

I  shall,  perhaps,  succeed  better  in  describing 
this  fragment  of  ecclesiastical  ornamentation  by 
adding  the  explanation  with  which  the  vicar  of 
the  parish  kindly  furnished  me  :  — 

"  The  turret,  or  tower,  is  the  symbol  of  the  Church 
Universal. 

"  The  assailant  of  the  Church  is  the  dragon ;  type  of 
Satan,  the  foe. 

"  The  defender  of  the  Church  is  the  Holy  Ghost,  the 
Dove ;  which  proceedeth  from  the  second  person  of  the 
Trinity,  God  the  Son." 

I  should  suppose  neither  of  these  carvings  date 
earlier  than  the  fourteenth  century  ;  on  this  point, 
however,  I  should  be  glad  of  information. 

T.  H.  Pattison. 

[For  a  notice  of  the  bosses  in  Morwenstow  Church,  see 
"N.  &Q.,"l=tS.  X.  123.] 


_  Who  wrote  the  Letter  to  Lord  Monteagle  ?  —  On 
visiting  a  short  time  since  the  interesting  church 


of  Ightham,  near  Sevenoaks,  my  attention  was 
caught  by  a  mural  monument  containing  the  bust 
of  a  lady,  who  was  traditionally  reported  to  have 
written  the  letter  which  proved  the  cause  of  dis- 
covering the  Gunpowder  Plot.  Behind  the  mo- 
nument was  some  of  her  needlework  suspended. 
The  following  was  the  epitaph  : 

"  D.  D.  D.  To  the  pvetious  name  and  honor  of  Dame 
Dorothy  Selby,  the  Relict  of  Sir  William  Solby,  K'.  the 
only  daughter  and  heire  of  Charles  Bonham,  Esq. 

"  She  was  a  Dorcas 
Whose  curious  needle  wound  the  abused  stage 
Of  this  leud  world  into  the  golden  age. 
Whose  pen  of  steel  and  silken  inck  enroll'd 
The  acts  of  Jonah  in  records  of  gold. 
Whose  arte  disclosed  that  plot,  Avhich,  had  it  taken, 
Rome  had  tryumph'd,  and  Britain's  walls  had  shaken. 

She  was 
In  heart  a  Lydia,  and  in  tongue  a  Hanna, 
In  zeale  a  Ruth,  in  wedlock  a  Susanna. 
Prudently  simple,  providently  wary. 
To  the  world  a  Martha,  and  to  heaven  a  Mary. 

Who  put  on)    in  the  year)  Pilgrimage,  69. 
immortality  J       of  her      J  Redeemer,  1641." 

Magdalenbnsis. 
Has  the  Papal  Condemnation  of  the  Copemican 
System  been- retracted  ?  —  In  various  books  I  have 
seen  statements  that  the  Pope  has  retracted  the 
prohibition  of  the  Copernican  theory.  Thus  Sir 
Francis  Palgrave,  in  The  Merchant  and  the  Friar 
(1837),  p.  304.,  says  : 

"  Pope  Pius  certainly  showed  great  kindness  to  us 
heretics :  lie  acted  much  like  a  gentleman,  and  behaved 
very  handsomely,  when,  in  1818,  he  came  info  the  con- 
sistory, and  repealed  the  edicts  against  Galileo  and  the 
Copernican  system." 

And  Admiral  Smyth,  in  his  Cycle  of  Celestial 
Objects  (1824),  vol.  i.  p.  65.,  says  : 

"  The  Newtonian  doctrines,  softened  by  the  tei-m  hypo- 
thesis instead  of  theory,  had  been  taught  in  the  Roman 
Catholic  Universities  of  Europe;  until  at  length,  in  1818, 
the  voice  of  truth  was  so  prevailing,  that  Pius  VII.  re- 
pealed the  edicts  against  the  Copernican  system,  and 
thus,  in  the  emphatic  words  of  Cardinal  Toriozzi,  '  wiped 
off  this  scandal  from  the  church.'  " 

Can  any  of  your  readers  tell  me  what  is  the 
foundation  of  these  assertions,  and  where  the  "re- 
peal" here  spoken  of  can  be  found  ?  W.  W. 

Resuscitation  of  the  Dead.  — There*  is  not  a  sub- 
ject of  greater  importance  for  physiology  (and, 
perhaps,  therapeutics !),  than  the  method  of  the 
Fakirs  of  India  to  "  put  a  person  bye  for  a  num- 
ber of  months,  and  then  to  take  him  up  again." 
Has  that  process  ever  been  properly  (scienti- 
fically) ascertained  and  described  ?  Dr.  Lotsky. 
15.  Gower  Street. 

Mystery. — Is  it  true,  as  has  frequently  been 
stated,  that  the  word  Viyxr-r^pwv  was  formerly  in- 
scribed on  the  front  of  the  Pope's  tiara  ? 

Abhba. 


2"^  S.  No  39.,  Sept.  27.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


249 


Heraldry.  —  What  means  exist  for  ascertalninnf 
fo  what  family  a  particular  coat  of  arms  belongs  ? 
T  am  aware  that  the  family  and  county  being 
known,  Burke's  Armoury,  or  any  other  similar 
work,  will  enable  me  to  find  the  arms,  if  the 
family  be  entitled  to  bear  them.  But  I  want  to 
know  how  to  perform  the  reverse  operation,  i.  e. 
the  arms  only  being  known,  to  ascertain  the 
fiimily  or  families  by  whom  they  were  borne  —  an 
application  of  heraldry  very  useful  for  the  topo- 
graphical Iiistoi-ian.  R. 

Macclesfield. 

Heraldic.  —  If  In  1600  a  grant  was  made  of  a 
coat  of  arms  to  John  Jones  and  his  descendants, 
and  on  the  grant  were  included  also  the  descen- 
dants male  of  the  grandchildren,  grandfather,  &c., 
with  those  of  the  collaterals,  could  a  person  de- 
scended from  the  same  branch  as  John  Jones,  but 
very  distantly  related  to  him,  legally  use  the  same 
crest,  &c.  ?  O'Malley. 

Hogarth's  Ci'est.  —  '^Vhat  is  the  meaning  of  the 
device  Hogarth,  the  caricaturist,  placed  upon  the 
panels  of  his  chariot?  The  following  is  as  good  a 
description  of  It  as  can  be  given  without  an  en- 
graving. On  a  shield  azure  the  letters  c.  y.  in 
cliief,  and  p.  b.  u.  s.  in  base ;  and  for  crest  a  py- 
ramid or  cone  encircled  with  wavy  lines  on  a 
wreath.  Probably  these  wavy  lines  were  intended 
to  Illustrate  his  theory  of  the  Une  of  beauty. 

C.  J.  Douglas. 

Brad.<ihaws  of  UArcy  Leven.  —  Can  any  of 
your  correspondents  furnish  Information  as  to  the 
Bradshaws  of  D'Arcy  Leven,  In  Lancashire  (a 
branch,  I  believe,  of  the  Bradshaws  of  Bradshaw, 
In  the  same  county),  more  especially  as  to  the 
iaiuily  of  James  Bradshaw,  who  lived  about  the 
close  of  the  seventeenth  century  ?  AVhat  are  the 
armorial  bearings  of  the  family  ?  E.  C.  B. 

Master  Masons  of  Antwerp.  —  Having  met  with 
the  following  paragraph  In  an  interesting  volume 
recently  published,  called  Flemish  Interiors,  I 
should  be  glad  if  any  of  your  readers  could  say 
whether  the  practice  to  which  It  refers  is  confined 
to  the  masons  of  Antwerp. 

"  A  curious  and,  I  believe,  peculiar  custom  still  exists 
at  Antwerp  among  the  guild  of  masons.  Henri  Con- 
science, the  great  Belgian  writer,  who  was  perambulating 
the  town  with  me,  informed  me  as  we  passed  their  hall, 
that  whenever  a  new  master-mason  was  to  be  elected,  it 
was  necessary  that,  previously  to  being  initiated  into  his 
somewhat  important  position,  he  should  prove  himself 
worthy  of  the  dignity  about  to  be  conferred  on  him,  bj- 
pulling  down  and  rebuilding  with  his  own  hands  the 
facade  of  one  portion  of  the  building,  which  has  conse- 
quently been  re-erected  innumerable  times,  though  the 
remainder  of  the  edifice  is  sufReiently  venerable.  If  the 
candidate  shrunk  from  tliis  trial,  there  was  no  alternative 
but  to  yield  his  claim."  —  Flemish  Interiors. 

An  Obijfellow. 


Kemeys  Family.  -— G.  S.  S.  wishes  to  Inquire  if 
any  Irish  correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q."  can  Inform 
him  who  was  the  first  of  the  ancient  Welsh  family 
of  Kemeys  that  settled  In  the  Queen's  County, 
and  founded  the  very  respectable  house  of  Kemmis 
there  ?  Was  the  first  Kemmis  a  follower  of  Crom- 
well ? 

King's  School,  Chester.  —  I  am  desirous  to 
make  known,  through  the  medium  of  "  N.  &  Q.," 
that  I  am  collecting  materials  for  a  history  of  this 
scliool,  and  that  I  shall  be  happy  to  receive  com- 
munications from  all  who  may  be  able  and  willing 
to  assist  me  In  my  labours.  The  field  is,  in  every 
respect,  an  unploughed  one  ;  hence  the  greater 
necessity  for  intelligent  labourers  to  aid  me  in  the 
task.  Old  "King's  Boys,"  whether  educated  on 
"  the  foundation  "  or  as  private  pupils,  are  Invited 
to  contribute  their  quota  of  Information,  especially 
anecdotes  of  the  school  or  Its  more  distinguished 
scholars,  at  their  earliest  convenience,  to 

T.  Hughes. 

4.  Paradise  Row,  Chester. 

Brewer  s  Will.  —  I  have  seen  somewhere  or 
other  that  in  a  brewer's  will  It  was  directed  that 
his  heirs  should  always  keep  a  cask  of  ale  and 
drinking  vessel  on  the  public  road,  for  the  free 
use  of  all  travellers.  Can  you  tell  me  whether 
this  bequest  Is  attended  to,  and  whei'e  the  ale  is  ? 

HUMILIS. 

Family  of  Brydges.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
give  me  any  information  respecting  the  family  of 
Brydges,  more  particularly  of  that  branch  of  the 
family  settled  In  Gloucestershire  and  Hereford- 
shire ?  Who  are,  or  were,  the  descendants  of 
Anthony,  third  son,  and  also  of  the  younger  sons, 
of  John  Brydges,  1st  Lord  Chandos  ?  After 
which  of  the  family  are  Brydges  and  Chandos 
Streets,  Covent  Garden,  and  Chandos  Street, 
Cavendish  Square,  named  ?  Any  information 
will  be  thankfully  received.  R.  C. 

Judge  Jessopp.  —  Can  any  of  the  readers  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  inform  me  if  there  was  a  judge  of  the 
King's  Bench  or  Common  Pleas  of  this  name, 
about  the  middle  of  the  last  century  ?  or  how  I 
should  be  able  to  ascertain  the  fact,  and  obtain 
particulars  of  his  history  and  family  ?  I  believe 
he  was  a  Derbyshire  man.  J.  B. 

Cavendish  Club. 

Dr.  Bloxam  ?  —  A  book  is  before  me  entitled 
"  A  Collection  of  Receipts  in  Physic,  being  the  Practice 
of  the  late  eminent  Dr.  Bloxam  :  containing  a  Complete 
Body  cf  Prescriptions  answering  to  every  Disease,  with 
some  in  Surgery.  To  which  are  added  by  the  Editor  a 
General  Account  of  the  Operations  of  all  Kinds  of  Medi- 
cines :  also  Occasional  Remarks,  Directions,  and  Cautions, 
suited  to  the  different  stages  of  Distempers,  in  order  to 
render  this  Work  particularly  usetul  in  Families.  The 
Second  Edition.  London.  'Svo.  Printed  for  Lockyer 
Davis  at  Lord  Bacon's  Head,  near  Salisbury  Court,  Fleet 
Street,  mdccliv," 


250 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  39.,  Skpt.  27.  '56. 


The  editor,  whose  name  does  not  appear,  gives 
no  account  in  the  preface  of  "  this  eminent  phy- 
sician lately  dead,"  any  information  respecting 
whom  will  be  most  welcome  to    Magdalenensis. 


Minav  (Sucrte^  in  it!)  ^njStocr^. 

"  Etitis." — What  is  the  stone  Etitis,  mentioned 
by  Aristotle  ?  T.  W.  W. 

Brighton. 

[jEtites,  or  Eagle-stone,  is  a  flint,  or  crustated  and 
hollow  stone,  found  in  slates  of  our  common  pebbles;  it 
rattles  on  being  shaken,  and  contains  a  nucleus.  Many 
miraculous  properties  were  attributed  to  it  by  the  an- 
cients; such  as  the  prevention  of  abortion,  the  discovery 
of  thieves,  &c.  There  is  also  an  idle  popular  story,  that 
the  female  eagle  (aerds,  whence  its  name,  atites),  takes 
up  this  stone  into  her  nest,  while  she  is  sitting,  to  prevent 
her  eggs  being  rotten.  They  are  at  first  soft,  and  become 
hard  by  their  exposure  to  the  atmosphere.  Near  Trevoux, 
in  France,  they  are  verj'  numerous.  —  Ency.  3fetropoU- 
tana.'] 

Rhyming  Dictionary.  —  Has  there  ever  been 
published  a  Dictionary  to  assist  poets  in  the  se- 
lection of  rhymes  ?  If  there  has  not,  I  should 
think  it  would  be  a  j^ood  "  spec  "  for  some  of  your 
learned  correspondents  to  undertake  the  manu- 
facturing of  one.  If  one  has  been  published,  per- 
haps you  can  inform  me  who  is  the  publisher  and 
the  price  of  it.  C.  J.  Douglas. 

[The  Muses  ha'je  already  provided  for  their  embryo 
pupils  the  following  works :  Walker's  Dictionary  of  the 
English  Language,  answering  at  once  the  Purposes  of  Rhym- 
ing, Spelling,  and  Pronouncing,  8vo.,  Lond.,  1775;  and 
Jjysshe's  Art  of  English  Poetry,  luith  a  Dictionary  of 
Rhymes,  6th  edit.,  2  vols.,  Lond.,  1714.] 

Quotation  wanted :  "  Thinking"  ^c.  —  Who  is 
the  author  of  these  lines  ? 
"  Thinking  is  but  a  useless  waste  of  thought, 
For  naught  is  everything,  and  everything  is  naught." 

Anon. 

[The  lines   are    from    The  Rejected  Addresses,   from 
Cui  Bono,  a  poem  in  which  Byron  was  cleverly  imitated, 
and  run  thus : 
"  Thinking  is  but  an  idle  waste  of  thought. 

For  nought  is  everything,  and  everything  is  nought."] 

Wills,  a  Portrait  Painter.  —  About  the  middle 
of  the  last  century  flourished  a  painter  of  the 
name  of  Wills,  and  on  one  of  Faber's  mezzotints 
(1748),  I  observe  that  he  is  called  T.  Wills.  I 
have  a  letter,  written  in  1764,  signed  James  Wills, 
who,  by  the  subject  of  his  communication,  was 
evidently  a  painter  also.  Query,  Whether  there 
were  two  painters  of  this  name  flourishing  about 
the  same  time  ?  Were  they  father  and  son,  or 
otherwise  connected  ?  When  did  they  die,  par- 
ticularly T.  Wills  ?  Patonce. 

[Anoticeof  the  Eev.  James  Wills,  portrait  painter,  will 
be  found  in  Pilkington's  Dictionary  of  Painters,  by  Allan 
Cunningham.] 


HUMAN    SKIN    TANNED,   ETC. 

(2"i  S.  ii.  68.  119.  157.) 

The  Royal  Infirmary  at  Bristol  boasts  of  a 
valuable  anatomical  museum,  formed  by  the  late 
Mr.  Richard  Smith,  who  was  senior  surgeon  of 
that  institution  from  1796  until  his  decease,  which 
took  place  at  Clifton,  Jan.  24,  1843.  He  was 
one  of  the  leading  men  of  his  day,  as  well  known 
for  his  high  professional  character  and  attainments 
in  metropolitan  circles  as  he  was  in  his  own  neigh- 
bourhood. In  the  west  of  England  he  might  be 
termed  "  the  Bristol  Cheselden,"  quaint  and 
curious,  a  frequent  contributor  on  historical  sub-' 
jects  to  the  Gentleman's  Magazine,  as  also  to  Felix 
Farley's  Journal,  a  local  paper  imbued  with  much 
of  the  spirit  of  Sylvanus  Urban.  His  contribu- 
tions to  these  serials  exhibit  neither  inconsiderable 
merit  nor  inaccurate  research.  Amongst  his 
peculiarities,  Mr.  Smith  had  almost  a  morbid 
curiosity  in  criminal  cases;  a  trait  of  character 
that  may  be  veiled  as  a  love  of  forensic  medicine. 
This  is  well  seen  in  his  museum,  —  a  small  but 
sombre  apartment  containing  a  valuable  collec- 
tion of  pathological  and  anatomical  preparations. 
Amongst  them,  an  assortment  of  calculi,  well 
arranged  and  clearly  catalogued,  is  second,  I  be- 
lieve, to  none  in  value  and  interest.  The  most 
striking  feature,  however,  indicating  the  bias  of 
the  founder's  mind,  is  the  memorabilia  of  criminals 
who  have  expiated  their  crimes  upon  the  scaffold, 
and  contributed  to  science  by  yielding  their  bodies 
to  the  scalpel.  Articulated  skeletons  of  these 
seem  to  grin  the  more  horribly  from  the  juxta- 
position of  the  fatal  cap  and  rope.  Whilst  to 
complete  the  scene,  relics  of  the  victim  lie  near  in 
the  shape  of  fractured  vertebra  or  battered  and 
trephined  skull.  Amidst  other  subjects  none  is 
more  interesting  than  that  of  John  Horwood.  He 
was  a  youth  of  eighteen,  the  first  criminal  hanged 
at  Bristol  New  Drop,  April  13,  1821,  for  the  mur- 
der, under  aggravated  circumstances,  of  his  sweet- 
heart, Eliza  Balsum,  at  Hanham,  by  hurling  a 
stone  at  her.  In  a  case  against  the  wall  of  the 
museum  hangs  the  skeleton  of  this  malefactor. 
Near  it  lies  a  book  compiled  by  Mr.  Smith,  evi- 
dently "  con  aniore,"  in  which  are  enshrined  the 
most  minute  details  of  the  murder.  And  I  ven- 
ture to  say  that  a  peep  into  it  will  repay  the 
curious  for  the  scrutinising  research  displayed, 
worthy  a  nobler  theme.  Cuttings  from  news- 
papers :  —  the  actual  indictment ;  briefs  of  the 
counsel ;  correspondence,  of  which  I  give  a  speci- 
men below ;  broad-sheets  in  the  Catnach  style, 
not  excepting  prints  of  the  judge,  the  chaplain, 
pencil  sketch  of  the  corpse,  chart  of  phi'enological 
development,  and  disquisition,  &c.,  altogether 
forming  a  collection  that  exhausts  the  repulsive 


2'«»  S.  No  39.,  Sept.  27.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


251 


subject  and  displays  in  a  marked  manner  the 
penchant  of  the  compiler.  This  collection  of 
florwoodiana  is  half-bound  in  folio,  and  on  the 
back  is  a  label  (about  6  in.  by  3  in.)  of  the  human 
cuticle  tanned.  It  is  somewhat  of  the  texture  of 
light-coloured  Russia  leather,  with  tooled  border 
lines  in  gold,  as  ornament,  "  a  skull  and  cross- 
bones  "  stamped  in  each  corner,  and  the  following 
inscription  in  old  English  character,  also  gilt : 

"  Cutis  Vera 
Johannis  Horwood." 

A  memorandum  within  the  book  sets  fortb  that 
"  the  bones  were  macerated  and  the  skin  tanned 
at  the  infirmary."  Bearing  upon  a  topic  that  of 
late  has  been  much  before  the  public  mind,  whether, 
in  the  words  of  a  defunct  Edinburgh  reviewer, 
capital  punishment  cannot  be  made  "  dull  as  well 
as  deadly,"  may  I  insert  the  following  correspon- 
dence which  passed  upon  the  occasion  of  Hor- 
wood's  execution  ?  It  distinctly  shows  what  dread, 
what  thrilling  fear,  that  sad  sequel  to  an  ignomi- 
nious death,  the  dissecting-room,  produced  upon 
tiie  lower  manifestations  of  human  character. 

The  solicitors  concerned  in  the  above  case, 
Messrs.  Browne  and  Watson,  made  a  feeling  ap- 
peal to  Mr.  Smith  to  obtain  a  remission  of  the 
latter  part  of  the  sentence,  as  contained  in  the  fol- 
lowing copy  of  the  receipt,  &c.,  given  to  the 
sheriff's,  for  the  body  : 

"  The  delivery  of  Our  Sovereign  Lord  the  King's  Gaol  in 
the  City  and  County  of  Bristol,  of  the  Prisoners  in  the  said 
Gaol  being  held  in  the  Guildhall  in  and  for  the  said  City 
and  Co.,  on  Saturday  the  2nd  April,  1821,  before  George 
Hilhouse,  Esq.,  Mayor;  Sir  Ilobt.  Gifford,  Knight,  Ee- 
corder,  and  others  their  Associates  Justices  assigned,  Ac. 

"  John  Horwood,  convicf^  of  the  wilful  murder  of  Eliz. 
Balsum. 

"  Let  him  be  hanged  by  the  neck  until  he  shall  be 
dead,  and  let  his  body  be  delivered  to  Mr.  Ricli'i.  Smith, 
of  the  City  of  Bristol,  Surgeon,  to  be  dissecf  and  anatom- 
ized." 

"  Received  this  13th  day  of  April,  1821,  from  Thomas 
Hassell  and  Rob'.  Jenkins,  Esqs.,  Sheriffs  of  the  said  City 
of  Bristol,  and  Co.  of  the  same  Citj',  the  body  of  the 
above-named  John  Horwood,  deceased,  for  the  purposes 
mentioned  in  the  above  Fiat  or  sentence. 

Richard  Smith,  Surgeon." 

A  second  appeal  on  behalf  of  the  parents  of 
Horwood  elicited  the  following  rejoinder  : 

"  Gentlemen,  15  April,  1821. 

"I  have  placed  before  the  surgeons  of  the  Infirmary 
your  second  letter  respecting  the  body  of  John  Horwood. 
We  have  in  consequence  reconsidered  the  matter  in  the 
most  serious  and  deliberative  manner ;  and  I  am  under 
tlie  unpleasant  necessity  of  saying  that  we  can  see  no 
reason  for  altering  the  opinion  expressed  to  you  in  a 
former  communication.  The  father  and  brother  of  the 
unfortunate  malefactor  have  probably  informed  you  that 
I  have  had  with  them  at  my  house  this  morning  a  most 
painful  interview,  and  certainly  if  I  had  permitted  my 
feelings  to  have  assumed  the  mastery  over  the  sense  of 
duty  in  this  miserable  affair,  the  tears  of  so  respectable  an 
old  man  would,  as  far  as  I  was  personally  concerned,  have 


prevailed  and  forced  me  to  yield  to  his  solicitations.  I  trust, 
however,  that  even  this  afflicted  parent  went  away  satis- 
fied with  the  rectitude  of  the  motives  which  alone  actuated 
the  surgeons,  and  convinced  that  they  were  prevented  from 
being  free  agents  by  a  due  sense  of  the  obligation  due 
from  them  to  their  fellow-citizens.  I  need  scarcely,  gen- 
tlemen, point  out  to  you,  that  although  I  am  alone  named 
in  the  order  of  the  Court,  3-et  I  consider  myself  in  trust 
for  mj'  brethren  conjointly ;  and  that  I  do  not  feel  at 
liberty  to  act  without  their  concurrence.  Allow  me  also 
to  observe  that  an  attentive  and  unprejudiced  considera- 
tion of  the  wording  of  the  Warrant  to  the  Sheriffs,  and 
the  guarded  Receipt,  which  I  was  under  the  necessity  of 
giving,  appear  to  me  imperative  as  to  the  fulfilment  of 
the  latter  part  of  the  sentence.  It  is,  as  you  know,  not 
merely  for  dissection  that  it  was  delivered  to  me  by  the 
Magistracy,  but  to  be  anatomized,  —  the  real  meaning 
and  intent  of  which  can  scarcely  be  misunderstood.  How 
far  the  bodj'  might  be  leyally  given  up  for  interment  I 
shall  not  take  upon  me  to  determine  (although  it  must  be 
conceded  that  the  Act  of  Parliament  is  very  strongly 
featured),  yet  after  the  obligation  incurred  by  the  con- 
ditional Receipt  given  to  Mr.  Ody  Hare,  the  Under- Sheriff, 
I  cannot  but  feel  myself  morally  bound  to  complete  its 
intentions.  It  is  therefore  clear  to  me,  that  after  having 
given  to  the  Professional  Students  of  Bristol,  and  to  as 
many  Gentlemen  as  may  please  to  honour  me  with  their 
presence,  a  summary  course  of  Lectures,  the  remains 
ought  to  be  formed  into  a  skeleton,  and  deposited  by  the 
side  of  the  two  unfortunate  Infanticides  who  after  execu- 
tion were  delivered  to  the  late  Mr.  Godfrey  Lowe,  for  the 
same  purpose  a  few  years  since.  The  Surgeons,  Gentle- 
men, feel  fully  satisfied  that  j'ou  have  on  your  part  done 
only  your  duty  in  your  strenuous  endeavours  to  alleviate 
the  mental  sufferings  of  j'our  client;  and  they  trust  that 
in  return  you  will  give  them  credit  for  acting  upon  no 
other  principles  than  those  which  ought  to  actuate  all 
persons  holding  public  situations. 

"  I  remain,  Gentlemen, 
"  Your  most  obedient  servant, 
"  To  Richard  Smith. 

"  Messrs.  Browne  and  Watson." 

Stratagem  was  resorted  to  in  order  to  remove 
the  body  from  the  gaol ;  for  the  friends  of  the 
criminal  had  mustered  in  strong  force,  and  lay  in 
ambuscade,  with  a  determination  to  rescue  the 
body  from  the  surgeons.  Mr.  Smith,  in  his  MS. 
book,  details  very  graphically  the  personal  risk  he 
ran  in  conveying  the  corpse  to  the  infirmary. 
Here  the  senior  surgeon,  through  its  medium,  ex- 
emplified the  functions  of  the  circulation  and 
respiration  in  a  course  of  lectures  "  ad  populum." 

F.  S. 

Churchdown. 


I  find  from  an  article  in  Chambers's  Papers  for 
the  People,  entitled  "  The  Microscope  and  its 
Marvels,"  that  at  the  meeting  of  the  Microscopical 
Society,  on  April  26,  1848,  a  most  curious  paper 
was  read  by  Mr.  J.  Quekett,  upon  the  application 
of  the  microscope  to  a  very  singular  sort  of  anti- 
quarian research  : 

"  Early  in  the  month  of  April,  1847,  Mr.  Quekett  was 
asked  by  Sir  Benjamin  Brodie  whether  it  were  possible  to 
determine  if  skin  whicii  had  for  many  years  been  exposed 
to  the  air  were  human  or  not  ?    He  replied  in  the  af- 


252 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»4  S.  No  39.,  Sept,  27.  '5C. 


firmative  if  any  hairs  were  present.  It  was  then  men- 
tioned that  Mr.  Albert  Way  was  very  desirous  of  ascer- 
taining whether  certain  specimens  of  skin  stated  to  have 
been  taken  from  persons  who  had  committed  sacrilege, 
and  which  for  centuries  bad  been  attached  to  the  doors  of 
churches,  were  unequivocally  human.  Subsequentlj',  a 
communication  from  Mr.  Way,  containing  a  specimen  of 
skin,  together  with  an  account  of  the  tradition  which 
narrated  the  circumstances  of  its  having  been  taken,  was 
made  to  Mr.  Quekett.  The  tradition,  which  resembles 
many  others  of  a  similar  kind,  exists  in  Worcester,  that 
a  man  having  been  caught  in  the  act  of  committing  rob- 
bery in  the  cathedral,  was  flayed,  and  his  skin  nailed 
upon  the  doors  as  a  terror  to  the  sacrilegious.  The  doors 
have  recently  been  replaced  by  new  ones,  but  they  are 
still  to  be  seen,  and  a  portion  of  the  skin  which  was 
found  under  the  iron  hinges  and  clamps  of  the  door  was 
submitted  to  microscopical  examination.  With  a  power 
of  a  hundred  diameters,  it  was  found  that  the  skin  was 
really  human,  as  it  had  two  hairs  on  its  surface,  and  very 
probably  the  unfortunate  wretch  from  whom  it  had  been 
taken  had  light  hair.  A  piece  of  skin,  traditionally  given 
to  a  Danish  pirate,  existed  for  nine  hundred  years  on  a 
door  of  a  church  in  Essex.  In  1848,  the  microscope  re- 
vealed the  fact,  that  it  was  in  all  probability  taken  from 
the  back  of  the  Dane,  and  that  he  too  was  probably  a 
light-haired  individual." 

A  more  singular  application  of  this  instrument 
than  that  in  question  can  scarcely  be  imagined. 
Besides  showing  itsgreatscientific  value  in  bringing 
to  light  otherwise  hidden  truths,  these  specimens 
establish  the  wonderful  power  of  skin  and  hair  to 
withstand  for  centuries  atmospheric  influences, 
and  serve  to  point  out  that,  next  to  the  bones, 
they  are  the  most  durable  parts  of  the  human 
frame.  John  Pavin  Phillips. 

Haverfordwest. 


While  at  Leyden,  in  1818,  I  remember  seeing 
in  a  museum,  amongst  Boerhaave's  surgical  col- 
lection, a  pair  of  lady's  shoes,  with  high  heels, 
made  of  human  leather  from  the  skin  of  a  man 
who  had  been  executed.  The  nipple  was  placed 
as  an  ornament  in  front  of  the  instep. 

Henbt  Stephens. 


In  addition  to  the  various  instances  already  re- 
corded in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  permit  me  to  add  another. 
In  1829  the  now  notorious  William  Burke  was 
executed  at  Edinburgh  for  the  murder  of  several 
individuals,  whose  bodies  he  afterwards  disposed 
of  to  a  surgeon  for  dissection.  A  portion  of  his 
skin  was  tanned.  It  was  very  thick,  of  a  dark 
blue  colour,  and  much  resembled  that  of  Morocco 
leather.  I  remember  well  that  the  publisher  of 
Burke's  Trial  at  the  time  had  a  good  piece  of  it, 
which  he  cut  up  and  gave  to  various  of  his  friends. 
If  I  mistake  not,  a  portion  of  it  will  be  found 
amongst  the  extraordinary  collection  of  papers, 
&c.  &c.,  relating  to  Burke  and  Hare  which  was 
formed  for  the  late  Sir  Walter  Scott,  and  is  now 
in  the  library  at  Abbotsford.  T.  G.  S. 

Edinburgh, 


COCKER  S  arithmetic. 

(P'  S.  xi.  57.) 

Professor  De  Morgan  is  apparently  inclined 
to  throw  grave  doubts  on  the  genuineness  of  this 
oft-referred-to  manual ;  and  would  rather,  we  are 
led  to  infer,  ascribe  its  authorship  to  John  Haw- 
kins, wlio,  "  it  seems,  as  soon  as  the  breath  was 
out  of  Cocker's  body,  constituted  himself  his 
editor  and  continuer."  For  the  sake  of  compar- 
ing dates,  it  may  be  noticed  that  the  period  of 
Cocker's  death  is  not  exactly  known,  but  your 
learned  correspondent  fixes  it  between  1671  and 
1675. 

I  have  now  the  "  Second  Impression "  of  the 
Aritlimetick  before  me,  printed  in  1679,  which 
bears  on  the  title-page,  in  reference  doubtless  to 
the  original  publication  of  the  work,  —  "  Licensed 
Sept.  3.  1677.  Roger  L'Estrange."  _  After  a 
Dedication  "  To  his  much  honoured  Friends  Man- 
wering  Davies  of  the  Inner  Temple,  Esquire,  and 
Mr.  Humphry  Davies  of  St.  Mary  Newington 
Butts,  in  the  County  of  Surry,"  follows  an  Ad- 
dress "To  the  Courteous  Reader,"  subscribed 
"  Thine  to  Serve  thee  John  Hawkins ;  From  my 
School  near  St.  George's  Church  in  Southwark, 
Nov.  29.  1677,"  wherein  the  writer  says,  without 
in  any  way  intimating  that  "  Cocker  had  been 
dead  some  time,"  as  stated  by  the  author  of  the 
article  in  the  Penny  Cyclopcedia,  "  I  having  the 
happiness  of  an  intimate  Acquaintance  with  Mr. 
Cocker  in  his  life  time,  often  sollicited  him  to  re- 
member his  Promise  to  the  world  of  Publishing 
his  Arithmetick,  but  (for  Reasons  best  known  to 
himself)  he  refused  it,  and  (after  his  Death)  the 
Copy  falling  accidentally  into  my  hands,  I  thought 
it  not  convenient  to  smother  a  work  of  so  con- 
siderable a  moment,  not  questioning  but  it  might 
be  as  kindly  accepted  as  if  it  had  been  presented 
by  his  own  hand."  This  Address  further  informs 
the  reader  that  he  may  speedily  expect  the  publi- 
cation of  Cocker's  "  Decimal  Logarithmetioal  and 
Algebraical  Arithmetick."  It  is  succeeded  by 
what  professes  to  be  "Mr.  Edward  Cocker's 
Proeme  or  Preface,"  to  which  his  name  is  attached, 
but  no  date.  It  is  a  qunint,  pedantic,  self-lauda- 
tory composition,  and,  as  a  specimen  of  its  style, 
I  quote  from  it  the  concluding  sentences  : 

"  For  you  the  pretended  Numerists  of  this  vapouring 
age,  who  are  more  disingenuously  witty  to  propound  un- 
necessary questions,  than  ingeniously  judicious  to  resolve 
such  as  are  necessary.  For  j'ou  was  this  book  composed 
and  published,  if  you  will  deny  yourselves  so  much  as  to  in- 
vert the  streams'of  your  ingenuity,  and  by  studiously  con- 
ferring with  the  Notes,  Names,  Orders.  Progress,  Species, 
Properties,  Proprieties,  Proportions,  Powers,  Affections, 
and  Applications  of  Numbers  delivered  herein,  become  such 
Artists  indeed,  as  you  now  only  seem  to  be.  Tliis  Arith- 
metick ingeniously  observed,  and  diligently  practised  will 
turn  to  good  account  to  all  that  shall  be  concerned  in  Ac- 
compts.  All  whose  Rules  are  grounded  on  Verity,  and 
deliver'd  with  sincerity.     The  examples  are  built  up 


2'"'  S.  No  39.,  Skpt.  27,  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


253 


gradually  from  the  smallest  consideration  to  the  fjreatest. 
All  the  Problemes  or  Propositions  are  well  weigh'd,  per- 
tinent and  clear,  and  not  one  of  them  throughout  the 
Tract  taken  upon  trust ;  therefore  now, 

" '  Zoilus  and  Momus  lye  you  down  and  dye, 
For  these  inventions  your  whole  force  defy.'  " 

Now,  although  this  Preface  can  scarcely  be  the 
production  of  the  same  hand  which  wrote  the  pre- 
ceding Address,  still  there  is  nothing  in  all  this 
which  militates  against  the  doubts  of  Professor 
Db  Morgan  that  Cocker  was  the  author  of  the 
Ariihmetick,  which  Ilavvkins  gave  to  the  world  in 
his  name.  This,  however,  is  only  half  the  case, 
and  I  would  now  request  attention  to  so  much  of 
the  remainder  of  it  as  is  drawn  alone  from  the 
contents  of  the  book  before  me. 

The  Preface  is  followed  by  a  Certificate  and  a 
Commendation.  Upon  the  latter  I  do  not  lay 
any  particular  stress ;  but  the  former,  to  my 
mind,  offers  strong,  if  not  wholly  conclusive,  evi- 
dence that  Hawkins  was,  in  truth,  simply  what 
he  professed  himself  to  be,  the  publisher  only, 
and  not  the  writer,  of  the  manual  in  question.  I 
transcribe  these  documents  in  extenso  : 

"  Courteous  Reader.  Being  well  acquainted  with  the 
deceased  author,  and  finding  him  knowing  and  studious 
in  the  Mysteries  of  Numbers  and  Algebra,  of  which  he 
had  some  choice  Manuscripts,  and  a  great  Collection  of 
Printed  Authors  in  several  Languages,  I  doubt  not  but 
he  hath  writ  his  Arithmetick,  suitable  to  his  own  Pre- 
face, and  Avorthy  acceptation,  which  I  thought  to  certifie 
on  a  request  to  that  purpose  to  him  that  wisheth  thy 
welfare,  and  the  progress  of  Arts. 

"  John  Collins. 

«  Novemb.  27th,  1G77. 

"This  manual  of  Arithmetick  is  recommended  to  the 
World  by  us  whose  names  are  subscribed,  viz. ; 

Mr.  John  Collins,  "i 

Mr.  James  Atkinson,      >Math. 

Mr.  Peter  Perkins.         j 

Mr.  Richd.  Noble  of  Guilford, 

Mr.  Rich.  Laurence,  Sen."    And  twelve  others. 

Passing  over  the  latter  of  these  documents, 
which,  though  not  wholly  unimportant,  only  re- 
motely touches  the  point  at  issue,  by  offering  a 
negative  testimony  to  the  fact  that  its  subscribers, 
at  any  rate,  believed  the  Arithmetick  to  be  the 
genuine  work  of  Cocker,  I  would  insist  upon  the 
consideration  that  Collins,  a  well-known  and 
honourable  man,  an  early  F.R.S.,  and  the  friend 
and  correspondent  of  the  most  celebrated  mathe- 
maticians of  the  day,  would  not  certainly  have 
given  the  sanction  of  his  name  to  such  a  declara- 
tion as  the  above,  if  he  had  not  been  personally 
cognisant  of  the  entire  circumstances  of  the  case. 
He  was,  unquestionably,  as  well  acquainted  with 
Cocker's  handwriting  as  he  was  with  his  mathe- 
matical attainments,  and  could  not  have  been 
deceived,  either  in  whole  or  in  part,  in  the  matter ; 
for,  be  it  observed,  this  manual  was  professedly 
left  complete  and  ready  for  the  printer  by  its  al- 
leged author,  and  Collins  only  does  not  expressly 


say  that  it  was  seen  by  him,  in  such  form,  during 
Cocker's  lifetime.  Nor  can  the  idea  be  for  a 
moment  entertained,  that  Hawkins,  with  the  cer- 
tainty of  immediate  detection  and  exposure,  forged 
this  certificate  ;  for  Collins  did  not  die  until  1683, 
after  the  fourth,  if  not  the  fifth,  edition  of  the 
Arithmetick  had  been  published. 

I  may  add  that  my  copy,  though  partially  in- 
jured by  damp,  and  much  soiled  by  the  unwashed 
hands  of  its  former  possessors,  is,  as  applies  to  the 
letter-press,  quite  perfect  from  "  Title-page  to 
Colophon."  It  numbers  334  pages  ;  and  on  one 
of  its  well-scrawled-over  fly-leaves,  we  have, 

"  Samuell  Winn  his  booke  ann.  1690. 

"  Whosoever  on  me  look, 
I  am  Samuel  Winn  his  booke ; 
And  whatsoever  on  me  you  say, 
I  pray  you  bear  me  not  away ; 
For  here  my  owner  did  me  lie 
And  will  come  fetch  me  by  and  by." 

At  the  end  is  an  advertisement  by  the  publisher, 
setting  forth  that  "  there  is  in  the  Press,  and  will 
be  speedily  published  Mr.  Cocker's  Decimal  Arith- 
metic," &c.  "  As  also  his  Artificial  or  Logarith- 
metical  Arithmetic,"  &c.  "  To  which  will  be 
added  his  Algebra,"  &c. 

It  is  also  made  known  that  "  on  Rotherith-wall, 
against  Cherry  garden  stairs,  are  taught  Arith- 
metick, Geometry,"  &c.,  "  by  James  Atkinson," 
the  second  name  in  the  foregoing  list. 

There  are  likewise  the  bookseller's  advertise- 
ments of  Kersey's  Algebra,  Newton's  English 
Academy,  and  Cocker's  Morals. 

Wm.  Matthews. 

Cowgill, 


BATH    CHAUACTBBS,    1808. 

(2"i  S.  ii.  172.) 

The  following  is  a  key  to  the  characters,  and 
the  author  of  the  work  is  still  living  : 

Ramrod.  Mr.  King,  M.  C.  New  Rooms. 

Sir  Gregory  Croaker.  Sir  George  Colebrooke,  who  suf- 
fered by  a  speculation  in  alum,  personified  as  "  Pshaw 
Alum,"  p.  23. 

Rattle.  Captain  Mathews. 

Mrs.  Vehicle.  Mrs.  Carr. 

Bufo.  Mr.  Balthoe. 

Signora  Rattana.  Miss  Wroughton. 

Sir  Clerical  Orange.  Rev.  Sir.  Lemon. 

Lady  Lofty.  Lady  Belmore. 

Dr.  Vegetable.  Dr.  Gardiner. 

Dr.  Fuddle.  Dr.  Gibbes,  afterwards  Sir  Geo.  Gibbes, 

Mixum.  Mr.  Bowen,  apothecary. 

Rev.  Mr.  Chipp.  Rev.  Mr.  Wood. 

Bow-  Wow.  Rev.  Mr.  Bowen. 

Dick  Sable.  Rev.  R.  Warner. 

Drawcaimir.  Dr.  Daubeney,  D.D. 

Gaffer  Smut.  Rev.  Stafford  Smith. 

7'/te  Gemini,  Messrs.  Boissiers. 

Counsellor  Morose.  Counsellor  Morris. 

Dr.  Skipper,  Dr.  Sheppard. 


254 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2n<i  S.  No  39.,  Sept.  27,  '56. 


Lord  Patierboard.  Lord  Peterborough. 
Dick  Merriman.  R.  Brinsley  Sheridan. 
A  Little  Linnet.  Miss  Linley. 
Cercle  Le  Bas.  Mr.  Le  Bas,  M.C.  Old  Rooms. 
3Iiss  Speakplain.  Miss  Stamer. 
Br.  Mixall.  Rev.  Dr.  Maxwell. 
iMdy  Nettle.  Mrs.  Leslie. 
Mrs.  Broadbottom.  Mrs.  VV.  Prideaux. 
Old  Hircus.  Rev.  Mr.  Moreshead. 
Madame  de  Villarois.  Mrs.  Villiers. 
Ladi/  Carmine.  Lady  Burton. 
I>r.  'Borecat.  Dr.  Burkitt. 
Ur.  Sourcrout.  Dr.  Crawford. 
Ladij  Orange.  Mrs.  Lemon. 
Dr.  Turbot.  Dr.  Murray. 
Dr.  Fatus.  Dr.  Perry. 
3Ir.  Gripes.  Mr.  Foster. 
Dr.  Vellum.  Dr.  Falconer. 
Dr.  Harmony.  Dr.  Ilariington. 

A  Worthy  Citizen.  Mr.  Dawson,  compounder  of  "Daw- 
son's Lozenges." 
Mr.  Type.  Mr.  Meyler,  printer  of  the  Bath  Herald. 
Dr.  Fleecem.  Dr.  Jloysey. 
Sir  Timothy  Humbug.  Unknown, 
Lord  Ghastly.  Unknown. 
Besiii.  Rauzzini. 
Catsgnalli.  Madame  CatalanL 
Col.  Mitten.  Col.  Glover. 
Squintum.  Mr.  Sabatier. 
Billy  Sonnet.  Rev.  W.  Bowles. 
3Ieed.  Blr.  Mead. 
Dr.  Vineyards.  Dr.  Haweis. 
His  Lordship  of  the  Fens.  The  Bishop  of  Lincoln. 

With  one  exception  (the  Rev.  R.  Warner)  all 
the  above  are  dead.  Anon, 


DEATH    AT   WILL. 

(2"'^  S.  ii.  147.) 

An  account  of  the  case  of  Colonel  Townshend 
may  be  found  in  A  Dissertation  on  the  Disorder  of 
Death  ;  or  that  State  of  the  Frame  under  the  Signs 
of  Death  called  suspended  Animation,  ^c,  hy  the 
Rev.  Walter  Wither,  Rector  of  Hardingham, 
Norfolk,  1819,  8vo.,  p.  179.,  where  it  is  quoted 
from  Dr.  Cheyne's  English  Malady,  p.  307.  The 
latter  work  I  have  not  seen,  but  Mr.  Wither  gives 
Dr.  Chejne's  own  words,  and  from  the  manner  in 
which  the  story  is  told  there  seems  no  reason  to 
doubt  its  truthfulness.  Another  instance  of  the 
power  of  dying  at  will  is  given  in  the  same  book : 

"  There  is  a  curious  story  of  a  French  girl,  Mary  Isa- 
bcau  by  name,  who  had  acquired  the  art  of  dying  to  such 
a  pitch  of  dexterity,  and  was  so  addicted  to  its  exhibition 
in  the  most  perfect  state,  that  she  suffered  herself  to  be 
carried  from  her  home  three  times,  in  order  to  be  interred, 
before  she  could  persuade  herself  to  exert  her  craft  in  the 
process  of  her  own  revival.  Nay,  so  determined  was  she 
in  doing  justice  to  the  perfection  of  her  art,  that  at  the 
third  time  of  the  exhibition  she  remained  under  the 
semblance  of  death  till  the  bearers  were  actually  letting 
her  down  into  her  grave.  According  to  the  sequel  of  the 
story,  when  she  really  died,  as  it  is  expressed,  her  friends 
kept  her  unburicd  for  the  space  of  six  days,  a  most  ex- 
traordinary lime  in  the  customs  of  France,  that  the  de- 


lu!«ion,  if  any  such  should  be  then  practised,  might  flatter 
as  little  as  possible  the  vanity  of  the  artist,  and  that  her 
recovery  might  take  place  under  circumstances  which 
would  afford  her  the  least  cause  for  laughing  at  their 
mistake." 

The  reference  at  the  foot  of  the  page  is  to 
"  the  English  work  on  the  Uncertainty  of  Death, 
p.  95."  Mr.  Wither  is  never  very  clear  in  his 
references,  but  the  book  he  means  in  this  case  is, 
I  doubt  not,  The  Uncertainty  of  the  Signs  of 
Death,  and  the  Danger  of  Precipitate  Interments 
and  Dissections  demonstrated,  S^c.,  a  second  edition 
of  which  was  published  in  1751.* 

A  friend  of  mine  who  has  long  been  resident  in 
India,  has  assured  me  that  he  has  heard  from  the 
most  credible  witnesses  of  a  person  there  who  has 
not  only  simulated  death,  but  permitted  himself 
to  be  buried  for  a  considerable  period.  I  do  not 
remember  the  exact  circumstances  of  the  case, 
but  believe  full  details  may  be  found  in  any  of  the 
principal  Indian  papers  of  about  four  years  ago. 
The  heads  of  the  case  were,  if  I  mistake  not, 
quoted  into  several  of  our  own. 

Dr.  Herbert  Mayo,  in  his  work  on  Popular  Su- 
pe?\stitions,  explains  the  horrible  stories  that  are 
current  concerning  Vampyrism,  by  the  supposi- 
tion that  the  persons  whose  bodies  were  considered 
vampyres  had,  in  fact,  been  buried  alive  while  in 
a  (ranee  sleep. 

Members  of  the  medical  profession  usually 
speak  of  premature  interment  as  if  such  an  acci- 
dent were  almost,  if  not  altogether,  impossible  ; 
it  therefore  does  not  become  one  who  has  no  pre- 
tension to  a  scientific  knowledge  of  the  subject  to 
maintain  a  contrary  opinion.  It  may,  however, 
be  remarked  that  the  matters  connected  with  it 
are  so  frightful,  that  most  persons,  even  those  best 
qualified  for  its  investigation,  have  been  deterred 
from  giving  it  the  consideration  which  so  serious 
a  matter  requires.  K.  P.  D.  E. 

Dr.  Cheyne  (2"'^  S.  ii.  148.)  —  Dr.  George 
Cheyne,  in  1733,  published  a  well-known  book 
called  The  English  Malady,  or  a  T'reatise  of 
Nervous  Di.^eases  of  all  Kinds,  &c.  &c.  Among 
the  cases  in  the  third  part  (p.  307.  &c.)  is  that  of 
the  Hon.  Colonel  Townshend,  which  has  been  fre- 
quently quoted,  and  may  be  found  at  length  in 
the  Life  of  George  Cheyne,  M.D.,  Oxford,  1846, 
small  8vo.  M.  D. 


PORTRAIT    OF   SWIFT. 

(2"-^  S.  ii.  21.  96.  158.  199.) 

P.  O.  S.  says  that  "  C.  inferred  very  naturally 
from  G.  N.'s  statement,  that  there  was  an  edition 
of  Swift's  Worhs  prior  to  that  of  1735  ;"  but  it  is 

•  See  "  N.  &  Q.,"  2»<i  S.  ii.  103. 


2'"«S.  No39.,  Sept.  27. '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


255 


hardly  exact  to  say  that  T  drew  such  an  inference — 
it  was  not  a  matter  for  inference^  but  of  fact. 
G.  N.  stated  that  be  possessed  "  an  edition  of 
Swift's  Works  hy  Faulkener,  dated  1734."  I  could 
not  venture  to  deny  positively  the  existence  of  a 
volume  which  G.  N.  stated  that  he  had  in  his  hand, 
but  I  expressed  as  clearly  as  civility  allowed  a 
doubt  as  to  the  accuracy  of  the  statement,  which, 
it  now  turns  out,  was  erroneous  in  the  most  im- 
portant particulars.  G.  N.,  it  appears,  has  been 
puzzling  himself  and  us  about  (as  P.  O.  S.  has 
shown)  an  odd  and  mutilated  volume  of  the  very 
commonest  edition  of  "Swift's  Works,"  not  worth 
6t?.  on  any  book-stall. 

And  so  this  bubble  bursts  ;  but  it  seems  to  me 
worth  special  notice  as  a  warning  to  all  of  us, 
contributors  to  "N.  &  Q.,"  to  be  scrupulously  and 
minutely  accurate  in  propounding  the  matters 
submitted  for  discussion. 

1.  i/G.  N.  possessed,  as  he  stated,  any  edition 
of  Swift's  by  Faulkener,  it  must  have  been  a 
piracy  :  for  Faulkner  never  so  spelled  his  name. 

2.  If  G.  N.  possessed,  as  he  stated,  "  an  edition 
of  Swift's  Works"  dated  1734,  it  would  be  unique 
and  a  great  literary  curiosity. 

3.  If  the  plate  in  G.  N.'s  volume  had  been,  as 
he  states,  "  a  good  likeness,  and  altogether  a  well- 
executed  subject"  it  could  hardly  have  been  mis- 
taken for  one  that  seemed  to  me  "a  vei'y  poor 
performance^''  and  which  P.  O.  S.  calls  a  "  misera- 
ble portrait." 

4.  If  G.  N.  had  not  stated  and  restated  that  his 
plate  has  not  the  letters  "  Vert,  nor  any  engraver  s 
mark"  on  the  face  of  it,  it  would  have  been  at 
once  identified  as  the  plate  of  Faulkner's  edition 
of  1735;  and  P.  O.  S.,  and  I,  and  the  readers  of 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  would  have  been  spared  this  ridicu- 
lous discussion  de  land  caprind.  C. 


PHOTOGEAPHIC    CORRESPONDENCE. 

Photographic  Portraits.  —  The  Series  of  Portraits  of 
Men  of  the  Time,  which  Messrs.  Maull  and  Polyblank  are 
issuing  under  the  title  of  Photographic  Portraits  of  Living 
Celebrities,  increases  in  interest  as  it  proceeds,  and  will 
form  a  work  which  generations  yet  to  come  will  turn  over 
with  great  curiosity.  Three  more  numbers  have  been 
issued.  No.  3.  furnishes  us  with  a  good  portrait  of  that 
most  eminent  engineer,  Robert  Stephenson ;  in  No.  4.  we 
have  a  characteristic,  but  far  from  flattering,  likeness  of 
one  of  the  most  original- minded  and  independent-spirited 
men  in  the  House  of  Commons,  Mr.  Roebuck ;  and  No.  6. 
puts  before  us  a  life-like  picture  of  Sir  Benjamin  Brodie, 
with  that  expression  of  calm  self-possession  which  one 
should  look  for  in  the  head  of  a  profession  in  which  that 
quality  is  so  eminently  called  for. 

Death  of  Mr.  Leachman.  —  It  is  with  great  regret  that 
we  announce  to  our  photographic  readers  the  death  of  Mr. 
John  Leachman,  whose  contributions  to  the  photographic 
department  of  our  First  Series,  though  not  very  numerous, 
occupied  him  many  hours  in  chemical  research  and  in- 


vestigation, and  were  of  great  value  and  interest.  Mr. 
Leachman's  acquaintance  with  chemistry  and  its  applica- 
tions was  profound  and  accurate;  he  had  been  a  pupil  of 
Graham's  at  University  College,  and  was  subsequently  an 
ardent  student  at  the  College  of  Chemistry',  under  Air. 
Hoffman;  and  his  contributions  to  "N.  &Q."  brought 
him  in  communication  with  the  first  chemists  in  the 
country.  He  died  at  Margate  on  Frida}%  Sept.  19,  after  a 
short  but  severe  illness  (bronchitis  followed  by  rheu- 
matic neuralgia),  brought  on  by  lying  on  damp  grass. 
He  is  interred  at  St.  Peter's  Church,'  Isle  of  Thanet. 


What  is  a  "  Pisayn  f  "  —  In  "  N.  &.  Q.,"  P'  S. 
i.  101.  236.  266.  299.  there  occurred  some  corre- 
spondence on  this  matter,  but  no  satisfactory  ex- 
planation of  this  term  in  ancient  armour  was 
elicited.  Mr.  T.  Hudson  Turner  (now,  alas !  no 
more)  states  that  he  has  his  own  "  conjecture  on 
the  subject,"  but  does  not  give  It,  contenting  him- 
self with  demolishing  Sir  S.  Meyrick's  assertion 
that  it  was  formed  of  "over-lapping  plates."  I 
have  lately  met  the  term  "  pisayn  "  coupled  with 
a  habergeon,  or  short  shirt,  of  mail  in  the  "Rental 
of  Gerald  Earl  of  Kildare  "  (Harlelan  MS.  3756.), 
where  the  earl,  in  1514,  records  his  gifts  of  "ha- 
berlons  "  and  "  pisayns  "  to  various  persons,  thus  : 
"  Itin  to  OKerroU  a  haberlon  et  a  pisayn."  Query, 
Was  a  pisayn  the  camall  or  gorget  of  mall  found 
sculptured  on  Irish  monumental  effigies  of  this 
period  ?  James  Graves,  Clk. 

Kilkenny. 

Sandys'  Ovid  (P'  S.  xil.  372.)  —I  beg  to  in- 
form your  correspondent  that  I  have  an  edition  of 
Geo.  Sandys'  translation  of  Ovid's  Metamorphoses, 
the  preface  of  which  is  exactly  similar  to  that 
quoted  by  Mr.  Blackwell,  except  that  it  is 
called  "  this  second  edition  "  instead  of  "  this  the 
second,"  &c.  This  edition  Is  dated  1640,  so  that 
there  were  two  editions,  both  called  the  second, 
one  dated  1632,  and  another  1640. 

The  dedication  is  also  substantially  the  same  as 
Mr.  Blackwell's  copy,  except  that  instead  of 
"  Laurels"  in  my  copy  it  is  "  travels  "  {i.  e.  tra- 
vails). C.  J.  Douglas. 

ReoJion  and  Understanding,  according  to  Cole- 
ridge (1"  S.  v.  535.  590.)  —At  the  first  reference 
I  asked  some  questions  on  this  subject,  which 
Caspar,  at  the  second  reference,  was  kind  enough 
to  answer.  That  answer  was  based  on  the  fol- 
lowing assertion,  viz.,  that  according  to  Coleridge, 
"  Instinct  Is  distinguishable  In  degree  from  under- 
standing, reason  Is  distinguishable  from  it  in  kind. ' 
Now  I  am  far  from  admitting  that  even  on  this 
assumption  (for  it  is  nothing  more)  Caspar  has 
succeeded  In  resolving  the  apparent  contradictions 
involved  in  Coleridge's  statements ;  but  in  point 


256 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  No  39.,  Sept.  27.  '56. 


of  fact  that  assumption  is  positively  rebutted  by 
Coleridge  himself,  in  the  following  words  : 

"Likewise,  we  distinguish  various  degrees  of  under- 
standing there,  and  even  discover  from  inductions  sup- 
plied by  the  zoologists,  that  the  understanding  appears, 
aa  a  general  rule,  in  an  inverse  proportion  to  the  instinct." 

It  is  obvious  that  if,  as  Caspar  explains  Coleridge, 
instinct  and  understanding  are  merely  different 
degrees  of  the  same  faculty,  an  inverse  proportion 
could  not  exist  between  them  ;  the  perfection  of 
the  one  could  not  be  the  absence  of  the  other. 

C.  Mansfield  Ingleby. 

Birmingham. 

Sidney  Montagu  (2"^  S.  ii.  211.)  — Sidney 
Montagu,  about  whom  Mr.  Hopper  inquires,  was 
the  sixth  and  youngest  son  of  Sir  Edward  Mon- 
tagu, Knt.,  of  Hemington  in  Northamptonshire, 
by  Elizabeth,  eldest  daughter  of  Sir  James  Har- 
rington, Knt.,  of  Ex  ton,  who  is  mentioned  by 
Bridges  {History  of  Noi'thamptonshire,  vol.  ii. 
p.  402.)  as  the  old  blind  Lady  Montagu.  Sidney 
Montagu  having  gained  the  esteem  of  James  I., 
whom  he  served  as  Groom  of  the  Bedchamber, 
was  knighted  by  the  king  in  I6I6,  and  in  the  fol- 
lowing reign  became  Master  of  the  Court  of  lie- 
quests.  He  died  in  1644,  and  left  issue  by  his 
wife  Paulina,  daughter  of  John  Pepys  of  Cotten- 
ham,  Edward  Montagu,  created  Earl  of  Sand- 
wich in  1660.  B. 

Slavery  in  England  (2"'^  S.  ii.  187.)  —  A  re- 
markable illustration  of  the  collars  borne  by  negro 
slaves  in  England  may  be  seen  in  the  bust  of  the 
favourite  slave  of  William  III.  at  Hampton 
Court ;  the  head  of  which  is  of  black  marble,  the 
draping  round  the  shoulders  and  chest  of  veined 
yellow  marble,  while  a  carefully  carved  white 
marble  collar,  with  a  padlock,  and  in  every  respect 
made  like  a  dog's  metal  collar,  encircles  the  throat 
of  the  favourite  slave  of  the  champion  of  British 
liberty  !  G.  M.  Z. 

Unedited  Letter  from  Dean  Swift  (2"''  S.  ii. 
182.)  —  This  letter  is  not  unedited.  It  is  to  be 
found  in  Scott's  edition  of  Swift,  xv.  465. ;  but 
the  name  of  the  person  to  whom  it  is  addressed  is 
left  in  blank.  There  is  a  slight  variance  between 
the  copies :  in  that  in  Scott,  Swift  desires  the 
answer  to  be  addressed  to  "  Erasmus  Lewis  at 
Lord  Dartmouth' s  Office,  Whitehall;"  in  the  letter 
in  "N.  &  Q."  it  is  "Lord  Dartmouth's  house.'' 
From  this  I  guess  that  the  copy  of  "  N.  &  Q."  is 
not  from  the  original  autograph.  C. 

The  Nine  Churches  at  Chilcomh,  near  Winches- 
ter (2"''  S.  ii.  165.) — Your  correspondent  Mr. 
B.  B.  Woodward  evidently  confounds  the  an- 
cient and  extensive  manor  of  Chilcomb  with  the 
present  diminutive  parish  of  the  same  name,  when 


he  questions  the  accuracy  of  the  statement  in  the 
Domesday  Book  that  the  said  manor  contained 
nine  churches.  The  manor  comprised  the  whole 
of  the  possessions  of  the  monks  of  Winchester  in 
the  vicinity,  and  was  assessed  at  the  enormous  sum 
of  104/.,  and  it  still  continues  the  most  valuable 
property  belonging  to  the  dean  and  chapter,  the 
successors  of  the  said  monks,  and  extends  over 
nine  parishes,  namely,  Chilcomb,  Ovington,  Mor- 
stead,  Winnall,  St.  Faith,  Compton,  Week,  Spar- 
sholt,  and  Littleton,  all  of  which  probably  pos- 
sessed a  church  in  the  reign  of  the  Conqueror,  and 
of  which  all,  with  the  exception  of  St.  Faith,  do  at 
present. 

The  manor  is  now  known  by  the  name  of  Barton, 
and  as  such  appears  in  the  Taxation  of  Pope  Ni- 
cholas, 1292  ;  but  the  reason  why  in  the  Domes- 
day Book  it  is  designated  Chilcomb  is,  that  the 
greater  portion  of  the  land  of  the  manor-farm,  still 
known  as  Priors  Barton,  was  situated  in  the  present 
parish  of  Chilcomb.  The  mansion  was,  and  is, 
in  the  parish  of  St.  Faitii,  but  when  the  Chilcomb 
part  was  separated  from  that  of  St.  Faith,  it  ob- 
tained the  title  of  New  Barton,  by  which  it  is 
still  known.  The  Domesday  Book  states  that 
there  were  four  mills  at  Chilcomb,  and  it  is  singu- 
lar that  is  the  exact  number  which  are  still  exist- 
ing in  the  manor  of  Barton. 

It  is  also  remarkable  that  in  the  Domesday  Book 
we  have  the  extent  southward  of  the  Chilcomb 
manor,  noticed  as  being  held  by  Ralph  de  Mor- 
timer at  Otterbourn,  the  manor  of  which  still  ad- 
joins that  of  Chilcomb.  Henry  Moody, 
Curator  of  the  Winchester  Museum. 

Winchester,  Holy  Cross. 

Duchess  of  Fitz-James  (2°''  S.  ii.  210.)  — The 
following  statement  will,  1  hope,  afford  the  in- 
formation sought  by  Mr.  M.  A.  Lower.  James 
Fitz-James,  a  natural  son  of  James  II.  by  Ara- 
bella Churchill,  sister  of  the  celebrated  Duke  of 
Marlborougli,  was  created  in  March,  1687,  Duke 
of  Berwick-upon-Tweed,  with  other  titles  of  lower 
degree.  Upon  the  abdication  of  his  father  he 
retired  into  France  with  him,  and  took  service  in 
the  armies  of  Louis  XIV, :  the  subsequent  career 
of  the  Duke  of  Berwick  is  matter  of  history,  and 
I  need  not  enter  upon  it  here.  The  duke  was  at- 
tainted in  1695,  when  the  Dukedom  of  Berwick, 
and  the  minor  English  honours,  became  extinct. 
By  Philip  V.  of  Spain  he  was  created  Duke  of 
Leria  and  Xerica  in  that  kingdom,  which  titles 
were  inherited  by  the  issue  of  his  first  marriage. 
In  1710  he  was  created  by  Louis  XIV.  Duke  of 
Fitzjames  and  a  peer  of  France,  with  remainder 
to  the  issue  of  his  second  marriage  ;  and  from  such 
second  marriage  is  lineally  descended  the  present 
Due  de  Fitz-James,  now  resident  in  Paris.  The 
lady  named  in  the  inscription  in  the  window  of 
the  church  at  Rouen  was,  I  believe,  the  grand- 


2n«  S.  No  39.,  Skm.  27.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


257 


mother  of  the  present  duke,  a  daughter  of  the 
liouse  of  Choiseul-Gouffier.  Mr.  Lower  will  find 
further  information  in  Burke's  Extinct  Peerage^ 
under  the  head  of  "Fitz-James,  Duke  of  Ber- 
wick," and  in  the  Annuaire  de  la  Noblesse  de 
France  for  1844  and  1852.  The  right  of  the 
present  duke  to  bear  the  arms  of  England  is  no 
doubt  derived  through  the  grant  made  to  his  an- 
cestor when  the  Dukedom  of  Berwick  was  created. 

Jas.  Ckosbt. 

Forensic  Wit  {1""^  S.  ii.  168.  238.)  —  Accord- 
ing to  my  tradition,  the  lines  were  addressed  to 
Garrow  —  "  Garrow  forbear,"  &c.  Which  is  cor- 
rect, Pell  or  Garrow  ? 

"  On  Serjeants-at-Law. 

"  The  Serjeants  are  a  grateful  race, 
Their  robes  and  speeches  shew  it, 
Their  purple  robes  all  come  from  Tyre, 
Their  arguments  go  to  it." 

"  Oh  two  Physicians  attending  in  the  Court  of  Chancery. 

"  Two  learned  doctors  took  their  stand 
At  Chancery's  lingering  bar ; 
They  go  not  to  the  Common  Pleas, 
For  there  Recoveries  are." 

Who  does  not  remember  Shakspeare's  play 
upon  fines  and  recoveries  ? 

"  Is  this  the  fine  of  his  fines  and  recovery  of  his  re- 
coveries to  have  his  fine  pate  full  of  fine  dirt."  —  Hamlet, 
Act  V.  Sc.  1. 

Modern  legislation  has  made  an  end  of  fine, 
and  doctors  may  now  go  to  the  Common  Pleas,  for 
there  recoveries  are  not.  J.  W.  Fakbeb. 

The  Greek  Cross  (2""^  S.  ii.  190.)  —  This  term 
is  applied  to  the  form  of  the  Greek  X  (chi),  the 
initial  letter  of  Xpicrros  (Christ) ;  whilst  tlie  term 
Latin  cross  is  given  to  the  form  of  the  obelisk  f, 
the  representation  of  the  cross  of  Christ.  The 
form  of  the  Greek  cross  as  given  by  your  corre- 
spondent (X),  with  the  lower  transverse  bar 
placed  diagonally,  indicates  "  Christ  on  the  cross," 
and  is  rudely  equivalent  to  a  crucifix,  this  bar 
placed  across  the  upright  shaft  forming  the  letter 
X  for  Christ. 

The  supposition  of  the  Russian  priest,  that  the 
Saviour's  feet  were  not  nailed  to  the  cross,  has  no 
foundation  in  fact.  The  Psalm  (xxii.)  which  our 
Saviour  repeated  on  the  cross,  commencing  "  My 
God,  my  God,  why  hast  thou  forsaken  me  ?"  con- 
tains in  the  16th  verse  the  expression  "  they 
pierced  my  hands  and  my  feet,"  and  in  Luke 
(xxiv.  39,  40.)  Jesus  refers  to  his  hands  and  feet 
to  identify  himself  to  his  disciples  as  the  cru- 
cified Saviour.  Both  Gregory  Nazianzen  and 
Cyprian  concur  in  the  Hailing  of  the  Savioui-'s 
feet,  differing  only  as  to  whether  one  nail  or  two 
were  used ;  the  latter,  however,  who  affirms  that 
a  nail  was  driven  through  each  foot,  is  the  better 
authority,  as  he  had  personally  witnessed  cruci- 


fixions* (Jahn,  Archaol.  iii.  s.  260.);   and  he  is 
confirmed  by  Plautus  (Mostellaria,  ii.  i.  12.). 

" Ego  dabo  ei  talentum,  primus  qui  in  crucem  excucurrerit : 
Sed  ea  lege,  ut  affigantur  his  pedes,  his  brachia." 

Compare  Tertullian  against  the  Jews,  c.  1.  and 
against  Marcion,  iii.  19.  T.  J.  Buckton. 

Lichfield. 

As  I  was  looking  through  a  very  fine  Greek 
Psalter  of  the  eleventh  century  in  the  British 
Museum,  I  found  a  miniature  of  the  crucifixion, 
in  which  was  the  curious  bar  for  the  feet  men- 
tioned by  your  correspondent  A.  P.  G.  G.,  but  in 
this  case  it  was  horizontal ;  still  no  doubt  for  the 
same  purpose.  The  feet  however  were  not  tied, 
but  nailed  separately,  which  is  usual  in  Greek 
paintings,  though  in  Western  examples  we  usually 
find  one  nail  piercing  both  feet. 

J'oHN  C.  Jackson. 

17.  Sutton  Place,  Lower  Clapton. 

Bev.  Thomas  Crane  (2"^  S.  ii.  124.  233.)  — 
G.  N.  will  find  a  biographical  notice  of  the  Kev. 
Thomas  Crane  in  the  continuation  of  Dr.  Calamy's 
Account  of  the  Ejected  Ministers,  pp.421,  422.,  or 
in  Palmer's  Nonconformists  Memorial,  which  is, 
in  fact,  a  new  edition  of  Dr.  Calamy's  work  re- 
arranged with  additions,  the  second  edition  (in 
three  vols.  8vo.,  1803)  being  the  best.  From  this 
work  of  Dr.  Calamy,  which  is  the  chief  depositary 
of  information  concerning  the  later  Puritan  di- 
vines, the  brief  notice  of  Mr.  Crane  copied  by 
G.  N.  was  evidently  taken.  The  place  at  which 
he  settled  was  Beaminster,  Dorset  (not  Bed- 
minster).  Joshua  Wilson. 
Tunbridge  Wells. 

Nearsightedness  (2"*  S.  ii.  149.  236.)  — Near- 
sightedness is  not  so  uncommon  among  the  vulgar 
as  fine  ladies  and  gentlemen  suppose,  and  some  of 
them  would  probably  "affect  the  defect"  less  as- 
siduously if  they  knew  that  the  "  purblindness  " 
of  the  lower  classes  was  very  often  nothing  more 
than  short  sight.  It  is  not  so  conspicuous  among 
the  poor  because  they  do  not  mitigate  it  by  a  glass, 
and  seem  to  be  unacquainted  with  any  spectacles 
but  magnifyers  for  the  aged.  In  those  parts  of  the 
country  where  hand-loom  weaving  or  any  other 
occupation  requiring  a  long  sight  is  practised,  to 
be  "  purblind  "  is  considered  a  very  serious  dis- 
advantage. P.  P. 

Origin  of  Tennis  (2"^  S.  ii.  210.)  —  With  a  ball, 
and  a  wall,  and  a  hand  of  five  fingers,  you  have 
the  game  of  fives ;  with  a  bat  of  wood,  and  then  a 
raquet,  and  two  side  walls,  you  have  it  on  a  larger 
scale.  With  a  double  fives  court,  and  a  roof  on 
it  for  protection   against  the  weather,  you  have 

*  "  Clavis  sacros  pedes  terebrantibus,  fossisque  mani- 
bus." — Cyp.,  De  Passione  Ckristi,  cxxviii.    (Paris,  1726.) 


258 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'"»  S.  N»  39.,  SKpt.  27.  '56. 


long  fives,  still  sometimes  played  in  the  tennis 
courts,  and  then  the  game  of  long  fives  made  a 

fame  of  refined  skill  is  tennis.  The  name  is 
'rench,  said  to  be  a  corruption  of  "  tenez."  Pent- 
house is  "appentis,"  a  lean-to  roof.  Grille,  the 
grated  opening.  Dedans,  the  interior,  a  place 
where  spectators  stand.  Tambour  and  chaces  are 
both  clearly  French,  and  so  are  the  terms  deuce 
and  advantage,  used  in  marking.  Shakspeare 
knew  the  language  of  the  tennis  court,  but  Charles 
II.  re-introduced  the  game,  and  it  is  said  there 
were  more  courts  in  England  in  his  day  than  there 
are  at  present.  It  is  the  game  of  games.  See  also 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  1"  S.  xii.  308.  A.  Holt  White. 

Mayor  of  London  in  1335  (2"'^  S.  i.  353.  483. 
520.;  ii.  213.)  —  Maitland  gives  for  a.d.  1335, 
Reynold  at  Conduyte,  Mayor,  in  the  margin  at 
the  head  of  the  list,  putting  Fabian  and  Arnold  as 
avihorities. 

As  sheriffs  in  1335,  he  gives  Walter  Mordon 
and  Richard  Upton.  The  name  of  Watton  does 
not  appear  at  or  near  the  period. 

In  Stow's  Survey,  printed  by  Elizabeth  Purs- 
low,  AD.  1633,  at  p.  550.  is  given  : 

"1335 The  ninth. 

"  Walter  Mordon,  )  ou    -o! 

Richard  Upton,  j  Shenflfes. 

"  Maior,  Nicholas  Watton,  Reigaold  at  the  Con- 
duit, Saith  Grafton." 

In  this  edition  of  Stow's  Survey  the  name  of 
the  mayor  is  clearly  a^xed,  not  prefixed.  The 
date  of  the  year  and  reign,  then  the  sheriffs,  then 
the  armorial  bearings  of  the  mayor,  and  his  name 
as  mayor  under.  The  ninth  year  of  Edw.  III. 
was  from  Jan.  25,  1335,  to  Jan.  24,  1336. 

G.  H.  D. 

I  am  not  quite  sure  that  I  rightly  apprehend 
Mr.  E.  S.  Taylor's  meaning,  when  he  says  :  "  No 
mention  is  made  of  Wotton.  The  discrepancy  in 
the  authorities  quoted  is  very  extraordinary,  but 
I  think  a  reference  to  Stow,  beginning  at  the  com- 
mencement of  the  reign,  will  show  that  the  above 
gives  his  list  correctly,  at  any  rate." 

The  number  in  which  my  former  note  occurs  is 
packed  up  for  the  binder  ;  but  in  it  I  certainly 
mentioned  that  my  edition  of  State  (which  appears 
to  differ  from  Mr.  Taylor's  in  other  particulars 
also)  does  mention  "Richard  Wotton"  as  mayor, 
between  the  dates  1335  and  1336,  as  those  dates 
stand  in  the  margin  ;  at  all  events,  for  the  same 
year  in  which  Walter  Morden  and  Richard  Upton 
were  sheriffs.  It  is  evident,  therefore,  that  Stow's 
Chronicle  underwent  revision  and  some  con- 
siderable alterations  between  these  two  small 
black-letter  editions.  J.  Sansom. 

"Nolo  episcopari''  (2"''  S.  ii.  155.  197.)  — The 
origin  of  this  saying  is,  I  presume,  to  bo  found  in 
the  fact  that  for  several  centuries,  sometimes  from 


pious  diffidence,  at  others  assumed  modesty, 
episcopal  and  the  papal  dignity  too  had  to  be 
forced  upon  those  who  were  elected  or  nominated 
to  the  high  office  ;  who  would  resort  to  subter- 
fuge, conceal  themselves,  and  even  accuse  them- 
selves of  unchastity,  nay,  of  deadlier  sins,  to  avoid 
the  burthen  sought  to  be  thrust  upon  them.  In 
Milner's  History  of  the  Church  may  be  found 
many  instances  of  this ;  and  in  his  account  of  St. 
Ambrose  in  particular,  the  pious  and  amiable  his- 
torian is  exceedingly  scandalised  by  the  falsehoods 
which  the  saint  told  in  order  to  escape  being 
elected  to  the  Archbishopric  of  Milan.  In  short, 
Nolo  episcopari  became  the  fashion,  — just  as  our 
Speakers  of  the  House  of  Commons  used  to  go 
through  the  farce  of  being  forced  into  the  chair 
after  their  election.  So  that  the  phrase,  I  take  it, 
originated  in  the  customary  practice  rather  than 
in  any  formal  or  ceremonial  disavowal.       Delta. 

The  words,  "  who  does  modestly  refuse  it  at 
first,"  &c.,  down  to  the  end  of  the  paragraph 
quoted  by  Arterus  from  Chamberlayne's  Present 
State  of  England  (editions,  London,  1700,  1704), 
are  omitted  in  the  twenty-fifth  edition,  London, 
1718,  which  may  intimate,  at  least,  that  Chamber- 
layne  had  then  discovered  the  denial  to  be  out  of 
use.  Yet  the  authority  of  Prynne,  as  quoted  by 
Edward  Foss,  fully  justifies  his  question  in 
p.  155.,  which  yet  remains  unanswered. 

P.  H.  F. 

Ancient  Monastic  Libraries  (2"'^  S.  i.  485.)  — • 
Milton's  Priory  of  Penwortham  (Chetham  Society) 
contains  a  list  of  above  100  vols,  belonging  to  the 
Abbey  of  Evesham,  temp.  Richard  II.  Anon. 

Longevity  (2"*  S.  i.  452.)  —  The  following  epi- 
taph upon  a  tombstone  lately  erected  in  Mucross 
Abbey,  near  Killarney,  Ireland,  is  curious,  and 
may  be  thought  worthy  of  a  corner  in  "  N.  &  Q." 

«  Erected 
By  Dani  Shine, 

In  Memory 

of  His  Father 

Owen  Shine, 

Who  deParted 

This  Life  AprH 

The  e™  1847, 

Aged  1 14  yr'. 

Pray  for  him." 

The  capitals  are  copied  exactly  as  they  appear 

on  the  stone.  T.  J.  Allman. 

Thanksgiving  Day  in  the  United  States  (2"**  S. 
ii.  198.)  —  EiN  Frager,  with  reference  to  a  pas- 
sage in  an  American  work,  "  They  arrived  in  New 
York  on  Thanksgiving  Day,  Dec.  8,  1842,"  asks, 
"  Why  is  Dec.  8.  termed  Thanksgiving  Day  ?  " 
All  the  States  composing  the  Union  observe  one 
day  yearly  —  the  governor  of  eacii  State  fixing 
that  day,  year  by  year,  ad  libitum  —  as  a  day  of 


2°*  S.  No  39.,  Sept.  27.  '5G."1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


259 


thanksgiving  for  all  mercies  vouclisafed ;  and 
whichever  day  may  be  chosen,  it  is  kept  through- 
out the  State  with  much  more  homeside  rejoicing 
than  even  Independence  Day,  July  4.  In  fact, 
Thanksgiving  Day  may  be  said  to  correspond  — 
whatever  may  be  the  season  annually  selected  for 
the  celebration  —  with  our  Christmas  Day,  being 
a  time  of  family  and  friendly  meeting,  and  of 
general  reconciliation  in  cases  of  interrupted 
intercourse  from  misapprehensions  and  petty 
quarrels.  Each  State  may  choose  a  different  day, 
so  that  it  is  within  the  verge  of  possibility  for  one 
and  the  same  person  to  keep  it  in  all  of  them, 
year  after  year.  The  custom  originated  with  the 
early  Puritan  settlers,  and  is,  undoubtedly,  "  more 
honoured  in  the  observance  than  in  the  breach  !  " 

Delta. 

''As  tight  as  Dick's  Hatland''  (2"'^  S.  ii.  189.) 
—  May  not  this  be  an  allusion  to  Eichard  Crom- 
■well,  who  might  be  said  to  have  found  the  pressure 
of  his  father's  hat  too  heavy  for  him,  and  his  hat- 
band too  tight?  His  sobriquet  oi  "Tumble- 
down Dick  "  may  be  in  some  way  connected  with 
this  saying,  for  at  the  time  of  the  restoration  of 
Charles  II.,  the  signs  of  Richard  Cromwell  were 
in  some  instances  turned  upside  down  ;  and  per- 
haps in  others  a  hasty  crown  was  painted  encir- 
cling the  brows,  so  as  to  give  it  the  appearance  of 
the  king.  G.M.  Z. 

Matthew  Gwinne,  M.D.  (2"'^  S.  ii.  189.)  — The 
following  particulars,  from  a  source  not  generally 
accessible,  the  records  or  annals  of  the  Royal 
College  of  Physicians,  I  have  much  pleasure  in 
placing  at  Mr.  Knowj-es'  service  : 

"  Dr.  Gwinne  was  admitted  a  Licentiate  of  the  College, 
Sept.  30,  ICOO ;  a  Candidate,  June  25,  1604;  and  a  Fellow, 
Dec.  22,  1605.  He  was  seven  times  Cenfor,  namelj',  in 
1608-9-10-11-16-17-20 ;  was  appointed  Kegistrar,  Dec.  22, 
1608 ;  and  again  Sept.  30,  1627.  He  became  one  of  the 
Elects  of  the  College  Jan.  23,  1623-4 ;  and  died,  as  Wood 
correctly  states,  in  16"J7,  not  as  "Ward  would  have  us  be- 
lieve in  or  after  1639.  The  grounds  of  Ward's  statement 
were  examined  by  Aikin,  and  shown  to  be  inconclusive." 
g      —  Biographical  Memoirs  of  3Iedicine,  p.  222. 

The  documents  from  which  I  write  prove  that 
Dr.  Gwinne  actually  died  in  October  or  Novem- 
ber, 1627  ;  for  at  the  annual  election  of  officers 
for  that  year  (Sept.  30),  Dr.  Gwinne  was  ap- 
pointed Registrar,  and  on  the  20th  of  November 
next  ensuing,  Dr.  Fox  (son  of  the  Martyrologist) 
was  nominated  to  that  office  "in  locum  defunct! 
D"'  Gwinne."  W.  Munk,  M.D. 

Finsbury  Place. 


NOTES    ON    BOOKS,    ETC. 

We  have  to  call  the  attention  of  our  readers  to  a  book 
of  very  considerable  importance,  the  tirst^volume  of  which 


has  just  been  published  under  the  title  of  Cathedra  Petri : 
a  Political  History  of  the  Great  Latin  Patriarchate, 
Books  I.  and  II.,  from  the  First  to  the  Close  of  the  Fifth 
Century,  by  Thomas  Greenwood,  M.  A.,  &c.,  Barrister- 
at-Law.  In  the  preparation  of  the  work,  published 
by  him  some  years  since,  on  the  early  History  of  the 
Germans,  the  author  was  struck  with  certain  charac- 
teristics in  the  history  of  the  Eoman  Pontificate,  which 
seemed  to  him  to  point  out  the  principal  sources  from 
which  Papal  Eome  derived  the  vitality  which  has  sus- 
tained it  to  the  present  time.  As  his  researches  proceeded, 
and  he  sought  to  reduce  the  vast  mass  of  his  materials  to 
their  natural  order,  he  came  to  the  conclusion  that  all 
active  living  opinion  is  matter  of  historical  fact,  and 
capable  of  being  treated  like  all  other  facts,  without  in- 
quiry into  the  dogmatic  propriety  of  the  theological 
grounds  upon  which  it  was  based.  The  work  has  conse- 
quently been  undertaken  in  this  spirit.  The  author  pro- 
poses to  investigate  the  facts  of  which  he  treats  by  rules 
applicable  to  all  matters  of  fact ;  to  assign  to  them  their 
true  historical  character ;  to  consider  them  in  their  rela- 
tion to  the  social  and  moral  state  of  the  world,  and  espe- 
cially to  submit  the  political  element  in  the  Papal  scheme 
to  more  particular  consideration ;  to  bring  that  element 
into  its  natural  connexion  with  the  religious  scheme; 
and  in  the  end,  to  leave  it  to  the  reader  to  form  his  own 
conclusions  as  to  the  validity  of  the  Papal  claims,  as  he 
may  deem  them  maintainable  upon  purely  historical 
testimony.  Mr.  Greenwood's  work,  of  which  the  volume 
now  issued  is  a  first  part,  is  complete  in  manuscript 
down  to  the  close  of  the  great  contest  of  investitures  in 
the  thirteenth  century.  If  printed  in  its  present  form,  it 
would  till  at  least  five  volumes  of  equal  bulk  with  the 
first ;  and  if  called  for  by  the  public,  provided  health  and  , 
life  be  granted,  is  proposed  to  be  completed  in  the  same 
number  of  years  by  annual  volumes.  Such  is  as  con- 
densed a  notice  as  we  can  give  of  a  work  which  assuredly 
deserves  the  attentive  perusal  of  all  who  feel  an  interest 
in  the  important  subjects  to  which  it  is  devoted.  What- 
ever may  be  the  opinion  of  Mr.  Greenwood's  readers  as  to 
the  correctness  of  his  views,  all  will,  we  are  sure,  admit 
that  those  views  are  the  result  of  much  laborious  inves- 
tigation, of  much  learned  and  patient  research. 

Our  correspondent,  Mr.  C.  Mansfield  Ingleby,  M.A., 
has  just  published  a  little  volume  designed  to  form  the 
basis  of  class-instruction  in  the  science  of  Theoretical 
Logic.  It  is  entitled  Outlines  of  Tlieoretical  Logic, 
founded  on  the  New  Analytic  of  Sir  William  Hamilton. 
And  the  author  expresses  a  hope  that  he  may  be  instru- ' 
mental  in  giving  logic  a  place  in  the  curriculum  of  Cam- 
bridge studies,  and  removing  from  her  a  stigina  as  dis- 
graceful as  it  is  peculiar.  As  we  lay  no  claim  to  the 
character  which  Butler  gives  his  hero,  of  being  — 

"  .        .        in  Logic  a  great  critic. 
Profoundly  skilled  in  Analytic,"  — 

we  must  content  ourselves  with  calling  the  attention  of  » 
our  readers  to  Mr.  Ingleby's  little  volume. 

"  A  literary  treasure  has  turned  up,"  says  The  Athe- 
nccum  of  Saturday  last,  "  no  less  than  a  second  copy  of  the 
first  edition  of  Hamlet  —  the  quarto  of  1 603  !  During  the 
week,  an  Irish  bookseller  has  been  mysteriously  hawking 
about  London  this  precious  work,  which  has  hitherto  pos- 
sessed the  rarity  of  a  manuscript.  The  only  known  copy 
belonged  to  the  Duke  of  Devonshire,  —  and  was  reprinted 
a  few  years  ago.  As  most  readers  know,  the  Devonshire 
Hamlet  is  imperfect,  wanting  the  last  leaf.  The  second 
copy  also  wants  a  leaf,  —  happily,  not  the  last,  but  the 
first  —  the  title-page.  We  have  now,  therefore,  a  com- 
plete copy  of  the  original  text  of  Hamlet ;  and  the  newly- 


260 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»«  S.  N«  39.,  Sept.  27.  '60. 


recovered  leaf  contains,  we  are  told,  a  new  and  important 
reading.  Of  course,  many  hearts  are  sore  at  missing  such 
a  treasure.  It  found  its  way,  however,  into  the  possession 
of  Mr.  Boone,  the  bookseller,  in  Bond  Street,  —  at  the 
cost,  we  believe,  of  70/.,  —  and,  subsequently,  into  the 
hands  of  a  well-known  and  indefatigable  Shakspearian 
collector,  for  the  moderate  price  of  120/.  We  should  have 
been  better  pleased  if  it  had  been  secured,  by  Mr.  Jones, 
for  the  Bi'itisb  Museum  ;  but,  as  it  did  not  find  its  way  to 
Trafalgar  Square  en  route  to  America,  there  is  still  s>ome 
hope  that  it  may  hereafter  find  a  resting-place  in  our  !Na- 
tional  Librar^^  We  have  Messrs.  Boone's  authority  for 
stating  that  the  book,  —  which  by  the  terms  of  sale  to 
Mr.  Halliwell  remains  in  their  possession  for  three  months, 
—  may  be  seen  at  their  establishment  ia  Bond  Street  by 
Shakspearian  and  other  students," 


BOOKS    AND     ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PUKCHASE. 

Erasmi  Adagia. 

Tacitus,  Lirsius.    With  Notes. 

Cou.NTv  Courts  Cases.    Part  XIII,  &e.,  if  Published.    Crockford. 

Mallet's  Edwfn  and  E.MMA.    Edited  by  Dinsdale.    18<9. 

*«*  Letters,  statins  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carriaqo,  free,  to  be 
sent  to  Memirs.  Bkll  &  Dalut,  Publisliers  of  "  iiOTES  AND 
QUERIES,"  1S6.  Fleet  Street. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  wliom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose  : 

Mann'b  Historical  Almanack  for  1843. 

The  Unclaimed  Dividend    Books   op   thb   Bank 

lished  by  Strange  &  Co. 
liONDON  OR  CouNTRy  DIRECTORIES,  of  any  date. 


Enoland.    Pub- 


Wanted  by  George  Burgess,  18.  Lincoln  Street,  Bow  Road. 


fiatitti  ta  Efitrti^axxtitnii, 

Jf^*""*  compellerl  to  postpone  until  next  week  Mr.  BRvcE'spaper  on 
The  Letter  of  Gustavus  Adolphus  and  Patrick  Ruthven's  Medical  Prac- 
tice ;  Me  notice  o/John  H.  Reynolds  :  Mr.  Mohoan's  North  Wales  ; 
PiaoFEssdR  De  Morgan's  Note  on  the  New  Atalantis  ;  and  other  impers 
of  great  and  varied  interest, 

Philo-Pope.  We  hope  that  the  series  of  Notes  on  Edmund  Ccru, 
which  IS  in  preparation,  will  be  ready  very  shortly.  Theii  will  probohly 
extend  to  five  or  six  Articles,  and  the  gentleman  who  is  preparimi  them 
will  be  obliged  b;/  any  hints  or  information  which  may  render  more  com- 
plete what  we  laill  anticipate  Punch  in  designating  a  very  curious  set 
o/Curll  Papers. 

•  A  Constant  Reader  (Birmingham).  The  value  of  the  eoim  depen/Is 
entirely  upon  their  condition.  The  groat  of  Richard  III.  is  worth  from 
10s.  to  iis.,  and  the  j>enny  from  20s.  to  lOOs. 

y.  Apple  pie  Order  f«  by  many  believed  to  be  derived  from  the  Cap  h 
pied  cf  the  French,  while  others  derive  it  from  the  order  of  the  nursery 
story  —  A,  Apple  Pie.  B,  bit  it,  ^c.  See  our  1st  S.  lli.  330.  468.  486. :  vi. 
1C9. 

A.  W.  (Aberdeen.)  The  line  which  our  Correspondent  writes  abo^ 
is  properly 

"  Omnia  mutantur,  nos  et  mutamur  in  illis  "  — 
and  is  from  the  poem  of  Matthew  Borboniui.    See  "  N.  &  Q.,"  Ist  S.  1. 
231.  419.  685. 

F.  D.  The  ornamen'al  stand  for  the  centre  of  a  table  is  thus  noticed  in 
Spiers's  French  Dictionary,  Zond.,  1846  :  "  Eperone,  n.  surtout  (de 
table)." 

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THE  OXYMEL  PROCESS  IN 
PHOTOGRAPHY,  for  the  Use  of 
Tourists,  including  the  Collodion  Process,  the 
best  Methods  of  Printing,  and  a  Chapter  on 
the  Preservation  of  Photographic  Pictures. 
By  PHILIP  H.  DELAMO'i^rE,  F.S.A.,  Pro- 
fessor of  Drawing  in  King's  Col  leae,  London. 
Illustrated  with  a  few  Woodcuts  by  the 
Author. 

By  the  aid  of  Oxvmel,  Ci-llodion  Plates  may 
be  kept  Sensitive  for  a  month  or  more.  This 
new  process  is,  therefore,  especially  adapted 
for  Travellers. 

London :  CHAPMAN  &  HALL, 
193.  Piccadilly. 


PATENT  FIRE-PROOF 
SAFES.  _  CHUBB  &  SON  have  on 
SALE  a  large  STOCK  of  their  PATENT 
WHOUGHT^IRON  and  FIRE-PROOF 
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Cash  Boxes  and  Japan  Deed  Boxes,  fitted  with 
Chubb's  Detector  Locks. 
CHUBB  &  SON,  57.  St.  Paul's  Churchyard, 

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Market   Street,  Manchester  ;   and   Uorsley 

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Oftseree.- PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS,  Manu- 
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THE    MARINE    AQUARIUM. 


MR.  W.  ALFORD  LLOYD  begs  to  announce  that  he  has  REMOVED  FROM  ST.  .TOHN 
STREET  ROAD,  and  that  he  has  made  very  extensive  arrangements  for  the  SALE  of 
LIVING  MARINE  ANIMALS.  SEA- WEEDS,  TANKS,  and  all  the  other  accessories  for 
the  study  of  AQUARIUM  NATURAL  HISTORY. 

MR.  LLOYD'S  Stodc  consists  of  Fifteen  Thousand  specimeng,  comprising  Two  Hundred 
genera,  acclimated  in  Fifty  large  Plate-Glass  Tanks,  containing  more  than  a  Thousand  Gallons 
of  Sea- Water.  The  reculiaritj;  which  distinguishes  this  collection  above  that  which  any  other 
single  spot  can  furnish,  and  which  renders  it  an  object  of  attention  not  only  to  the  amateur  arid 
student  residing  in  London  and  in  other  inland  places,  but  also  to  naturalists  living  at  distant 
parts  of  the  coast,  is,  that  it  is  the  result  of  an  organized  body  of  gatherers,  posted  at  intervals 
m  the  richest  localities  j  and  thus  our  Marine  Fauna  and  Flora  are  adequately  represented  in 
the  Metropolis.    The  most  delicate  organizations  can  be  packed  to  go  safely  by  rail  or  by  post. 

The  discovery  of  a  mode  of  readily  making  ARTIFICIAL  SEA- WATER  gives  large 
facilities  for  the  successful  prosecution  of  the  study.  Much  time,  therefore,  has  been  spent  in 
assimilating  it  to  the  actual  water  of  the  ocean,  so  that  it  is  now  oifered  as  an  analytically  cor- 
rect compound,  which  thoroughly  answers  all  jjurposes.  Thus,  the  permanent  maintenance  of  a 
collection  of  living  Marine  Animals  and  Algas  in  a  state  of  domestication  is  rendered  a  far  more 
easily  attainable  matter  than  even  the  cultivation  of  flowers.  To  render  this  yet  more  prac- 
ticable in  the  hands  of  inexperienced  persons,  Mr.  Lloyd  makes  it  a  point  to  keep  in  stock  great 
numbers  of  small  portable  Aquaria  ready  stocked,  and  with  the  balance  of  existence  properly 
adjusted. 

Although  from  their  nature  the  inhabitants  of  the  Ocean  have  a  greater  interest  than 
Fresh-water  collections,  the  latter  are  duly  provided,  and  various  arrangements  have  been 
constructed  so  as  to  combine  the  Aquarium  with  the  growth  of  Ferns,  Mosses,  Lichens,  &c..  and 
to  adapt  them  for  the  study  of  the  habits,  embryology,  and  development  of  semi-aquatics,  both 
animal  and  vegetable. 

The  Tanks  are  constructed  by  Messrs.  Sanders  &  Woolcott  (m  akers  to  the  Zoological  Society 
of  London),  to  whom  Mr.  Lloyd  is  sole  agent.  These  are  not  merely  vessels  for  the  reception  of 
animals  and  plants,  but  a  long  series  of  observations  as  to  the  requirements  demanded  has  so 
IMirfected  them,  that  they  very  accurately  imitate  natural  conditions  by  attention  being  paid  to 
the  direction,  intensity,  and  colour  of  the  light  employed  ;  by  the  furnishing  of  various  depths 
and  densities  of  the  water  ;  by  the  regulation  of  the  temperature  ;  and  by  the  an-angement  of 
the  whole  for  special  purposes.  Nor  have  the  means  of  rendering  them  externally  ornamental 
been  neglected.  As  complete  and  independent  pieces  of  furniture,  many  arc  mounted  table- 
height,  and  are  placed  on  castors,  for  the  facility  of  being  easily  moved  when  full  to  any  part  of 
a  room  or  house,  as  the  aspect  of  the  sun  or  the  time  of  the  year  may  demand. 

*«*  A  detailed  List  may  be  had  on  application. 
W.  ALFORD  LLOYD,  19  and  20,  Portland  Road,  Regent's  Park,  London. 


2nd  g.  ifo  40.,  Oct.  4.  *56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIE8. 


261 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  4, 1856. 

LETTERS  OF  GUSTA.VUS  ADOLPHUS  IW  BEHALF  OF 
FATBICK  RDTHVEN,  AND  A  GLIMPSE  AT  THE 
NATURE    OF    HIS    MEDICAL    PRACTICE. 

The  letter  of  Gustavus  Adolphus,  soliciting  the 
ftivour  of  Charles  I.  towards  Patrick  Ruthven, 
which  you  published  in  your  2"''  S.  ii.  101.,  has 
opened  up  a  new  source  of  inquiry  respecting  the 
last  of  the  Gowries.  Allow  me  to  propose  a 
Query  with  reference  to  it :  —  Can  any  one  give 
me  information  respecting  the  first  letter  written 
upon  this  subject  by  Gustavus  Adolphus  to 
Charles  I.  ?  This  first  letter  is  stated  in  the 
letter  of  the  y'V  October,  1627,  which  you  have 
printed,  to  have  then  been  written  "some  two 
years  ago;"  and  the  accuracy  of  that  date  is 
farther  shown  by  a  reference  to  the  letter  in 
question — that  is,  to  the  first  letter  —  in  a  letter 
of  Mead  to  Stuteville,  dated  October  8,  1625. 
After  mentioning  a  proposal  made  by  Gustavus 
Adolphus  to  Charles  I.  to  march  in  person  into 
the  empire,  Mead  adds  : 

"  Another  suit  of  the  King  of  Sweden  to  ours  was  in 
behalf  of  Mr.  Kuthven,  that  he  might  be  restored  to  the 
honours  of  his  predecessors."  —  Court  and  Times  of 
Charles  I.,  vol.  i.  p.  51. 

Any  information  respecting  this  first  letter, 
written  about  October  1625,  will  be  highly  es- 
teemed. 

Another  point  which  at  present  occupies  atten- 
tion, with  reference  to  this  unfortunate  victihi  of 
King  James's  suspicion,  may  perhaps  fall  within 
the  special  literary  province  of  some  of  your 
readers.  If  so,  the  following  Query  may  meet 
with  a  ready  answer. 

Among  the  many  curious  books  of  combined 
cookery  and  chemistry  which  were  extremely  com- 
mon amongst  our  ancestors  of  the  seventeenth 
and  eighteenth  centuries,  one  was  called  The 
Ladys  Cabinet  enlarged  and  opened.  I  have  an 
imperfect  copy  of  this  work,  entitled  : 

"  The  Lady's  Cabinet  enlarged  and  opened  : 
containing  many  rare  Secrets,  and  Rich  Ornaments,  of 
several  Kinds  and  different  Uses.  Comprised  under  three 
General  Heads : 


1?  {i 


Preserving,  Conserving,  Candying,  &c. 

2.  Physick  and  Chirurgery. 

3.  Coolcery  and  Housewifery. 


"  Whereunto  is  added,  Sundry  Experiments,  and  choice 
Extractions  of  Waters,  Oyls,  &c.,  collected  and  practised 
By  the  late  Itiglit  Honourable  and  Learned  Chymist,  The 
Lord  Rutiiuen.  The  Fourth  Edit,  with  Additions: 
and  a  particular  Table  to  each  Part.  London :  Printed 
by  G.  bedel  and  T.  Collier,  at  the  Middle  Temple  Gate  in 
Fleet  Street,  16G7." 

A  prefatory  address,  "  To  the  Industrious  Im- 
provers of  Nature  and  Art ;  especially  the  ver- 


tuous  Ladies  and  Gentlewomen  of  this  Land," 
signed  M.  B.,  insists  strongly  upon  the  endeavours 
made  by  the  writer  to  render  the  work  acceptable 
to  its  purchaser : 

"But  hearing,"  he  continues,  "in  the  mean  time,  of 
certain  rare  Experiments  and  choise  extractions  of  Oils, 
Waters,  &c.,  the  practice  of  a  Noble  Hand  and  of  ap- 
proved abilities  (to  testifie  how  ready  I  am  to  further 
ingenious  undertakings  in  this  kind),  I  have  with  much 
pains  and  some  charges  sought  after,  and  at  length 
happily  purchased  them  for  you.  All  which,  with  the 
addition  of  many  other  secrets  of  several  kinds  (and 
I  hope  of  valuable  concernment),  I  have  so  incorporated 
together,  if  I  may  so  say,  and  methodically  digested,  that 
they  may  be  the  more  easily  and  profitably  improved." 

These  observations  distinctly  and  specially  ap- 
ply, in  the  volume  now  before  me,  to  the  fourth 
edition  ;  but  on  reference  to  a  copy  of  the  second 
edition,  published  in  1654,  now  in  the  British 
Museum,  I  find  precisely  the  same  words  in  the 
Preface  to  that  book,  with  the  exception  of 
"second"  for  "fourth"  in  the  allusion  to  the 
number  of  the  edition.  Now  my  Query  is  :  How 
often  were  these  "  Experiments  of  Lord  Ruthven" 
reprinted  ?  The  first  edition  seems  to  have  been 
published  in  1654.  The  second  may  perhaps  be 
inferred,  from  the  date  of  an  address  from  "  The 
Stationer  to  the  Reader,"  reprinted  in  the  edition 
of  1667,  to  have  been  published  in  1657.  The 
third  was  published  in  1667.  Were  there  any 
others  ?  I  should  also  like  to  be  informed  who 
was  M.  B.,  the  compiler  of  the  book  ? 

As  the  subject  of  my  coumiunication  has  brought 
before  us  this  little  volume  of  the  Ladys  Cabinet 
enlarged,  it  may  not  be  unacceptable  to  your 
readers  if  I  mention  a  few  of  the  strange  things 
which  it  contains. 

I  may  bring  down  upon  myself  the  ridicule  of 
readers  better  versed  than  myself  in  gastronomy 
and  its  annals,  if  I  admit  that  much  of  the  lan- 
guage of  this  book  is  new  to  me.  I  have  here,  for 
example,  learnt  what  our  ancestors,  with  some  ap- 
proach to  profanity,  termed  a  "Manus  Christi." 
The  thing  occurs  frequently.  Careful  housewives 
are  directed  to  reduce  this  and  that  to  the  con- 
sistency of  a  Manus  Christi,  or,  as  it  is  sometimes 
expressed,  to  "boil  it  to"  that  "height."  The  ex- 
pression simply  meant  a  syrup;  but  there  seems  to 
have  been  some  superstition  mixed  up  with  it,  for 
I  find  in  another  little  book  of  the  same  kind, 
termed  The  Ladys  Companion,  that  if  sugar  be 
boiled  to  sugar  again,  "  as  it  drops  from  your 
spoon,  the  last  drop  will  have  a  hair  or  string 
from  it  as  fine  as  a  hair  on  your  head."  That 
state  of  sugar  was  termed  Manus  Christi :  a  state, 
I  would  remark,  which  is  perfectly  familiar  to 
every  boy  who  has  ever  dropped  treacle  on  his 
bread. 

Again,  I  was  foolish  enough  not  to  understand 
what  was  meant  by  "  a  Quidony,"  whether  of  cher- 
ries, quinces,  pippins,  or  "  raspices."     It  seems  to 


262 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nds.  N»40.,  Oct.  4. '56. 


have  been  the  fruit  boiled  to  the  consistency  of 
jelly. 

"  Jumbols"  was  new  to  me  ;  and  I  beg  to  say, 
that,  after  much  study  of  the  following  descrip- 
tive jumble,  its  meaning  still  remains  undisco- 
vered.    Your  readers  may  be  more  successful. 

"  To  make  Jumbols, 

"  Of  almonds  being  beaten  to  paste  take  half  a  pound, 
with  a  short  cake  being  grated,  and  two  eggs,  two 
ounces  of  carraway  seeds  being  beaten,  and  the  juice  of  a 
lemmon ;  and  being  brought  into  a  paste,  roul  it  into 
round  strings,  then  cast  it  into  knots,  and  so  bake  it  in 
an  oven ;  and  when  they  are  baked,  ice  them  with  rose- 
water  and  sugar,  and  the  white  of  an  egg,  being  beaten 
together;  then  take  a  feather  and  gild  them,  then  put 
them  again  into  the  oven,  and  let  them  stand  in  a  little 
while,  and  they  will  be  iced  clean  over  with  a  white  ice ; 
and  so  box  them  up,  and  you  may  keep  them  all  the 
year." 

A  "March-pane"  I  had  heard  of;  but  a 
"  Paste  Royal,"  whether  white  or  red,  or  of  spices, 
was  quite  new  to  me.  I  now  understand  it  to  mean 
a  jelly ;  but  if  Mrs.  Rundell  or  Dr.  Kitchener 
has  asserted  the  contrary,  I  yield  the  point  with- 
out a  murmur.  For  truth  to  tell,  to  my  appre- 
hension, M.  B.  is  not  the  most  lucid  of  writers. 
I  find  some  difficulty  in  forming  a  clear  concep- 
tion of  the  "  Dia  Citonicum  (as  it  is  called),  but 
rightly  Dia  Cidonium"  "  What  the  comfit-makers 
use,  and  call  sucket-candy"  I  have  a  notion  of; 
but  what  on  earth  is  meant  by  "  Canidoniaus  ? " 
Caledonians  and  Thessalonians  are  the  nearest 
approach  I  can  make  to  them  ;  but  I  do  not  sup- 
pose that  either  of  those  people  would  allow  you 
to  "  gild  them,  and  put  them  into  your  store,"  and 
not  draw  them  out  "  till  they  be  dry." 

An  infinity  of  other  words  are  sore  puzzles  to 
me ;  but  not  to  expose  my  ignorance  too  much, 
let  us  proceed  from  the  words  to  the  things,  and 
give  a  glance  at  that  part  of  the  book  which  is 
attributed  to  "  Lord  Ruthven." 

The  exact  limits  of  his  lordship's  labours  are 
not  very  well  defined,  and  perhaps  I  may  give  to 
him  some  things  to  which  he  is  not  entitled.  But 
that  will  not  be  of  much  moment.  That  he  really 
did  practise  physic  is  well  known  ;  and  since  I 
formerly  wrote  upon  the  subject,  I  have  found  an 
additional  evidence  of  the  fact  in  the  Diary  of  Sir 
Henry  Slingsby.  lie  speaks  of  Patrick  Ruthven, 
under  the  date  of  1639,  as 

"Mr.  Ruthen,  a  Scottish  gentleman  of  the  family  of  the 
Lord  Gowers  [Gowries],  who  had  made  it  [sic]  his  study 
in  the  art  of  physic  to  administer  help  to  others,  but  not 
for  any  gain  to  himself." — Slingsby's  ih'ary,  edit.  Par- 
sons, 8vo.  Oxford,  1S3G,  p.  48. 

"Doctor  Stevens  his  water"  is  a  recipe  of  so 
great  value  that  Lord  Ruthven  might  well  place 
it  proudly  in  the  fore-front  of  his  collection.  All 
the  herbs  in  the  kitchen-garden,  and  all  the  con- 
diments in  the  cook's  spice-box,  went  to  its  con- 
coction, but  its  great  foundatioft  was  "  a  gallon 


of  Gascon  wine."  Distilled  altogether,  its  powers 
were  marvellous.  "It  preserveth  youth,"  and, 
"  using  but  two  spoonfuls  in  seven  days,  it  pre- 
served Dr.  Stevens  ten  years  bed-rid,  that  he 
lived  to  98  years."  Whether  the  Doctor  ought 
to  have  been  grateful,  who  shall  say  ?  Ladies, 
whom  it  preserved  in  everlasting  beauty,  evidently 
ought  to  have  been  so. 

Our  ancestors,  like  ourselves,  practised  the  manu- 
facture of  mineral  waters  :  instead  of  Brighton 
Seltzer  and  London  Vichy,  Lord  Ruthven  gives 
recipes  for  making  Tunbridge  water  and  Epsom 
water — "so  that  the  smell  or  operation  will  scarcely 
be  discerned  from  the  original."  We  are  told  also 
how  to  make  a  "  Malago  wine,"  and  a  home-made 
Claret,  no  doubt  quite  as  good  as  some  of  our 
modern  Sherry  and  Bordeaux. 

A  sad  tale  is  told  in  the  multitude  of  the  noble 
lord's  prescriptions  against  consumption.  The 
painful  subject  is  rendered  almost  ludicrous  by 
the  extraordinary  character  of  his  suggested  re- 
medies. 

Glimpses  occur  of  practices  which  must  have 
belonged  to  a  period  even  then  past :  for  example, 
a  peculiar  oil  of  cream  is  recommended  by  his 
lordship  as  a  cure  for  "the  gout  in  a  hawk's  leg." 

But  the  greatest  oddity  in  this  book,  and  in  all 
these  books,  is  the  way  in  which  all  nature  was 
subjected  to  the  art  of  the  chemist  and  the  phy- 
sician. The  notion  seems  to  have  been  that  every- 
thing in  the  world  was  endued  with  some  curative 
power,  and  strange  were  the  means  taken  to  get  at 
it.  Herbs,  of  course,  were  universally  used  ;  and 
they  were  cut,  dried,  bruised,  pounded,  ground, 
stamped,  beaten,  burned,  chopped,  and  mangled 
in  varieties  of  ways.  Ladies  whose  ferneries  are 
the  delight  of  their  eyes,  and  not  unjustly  so,  may 
here  learn  some  of  the  many  healing  virtues  which 
their  great-great-grandmothers  are  said  to  have 
found  in  Polypody  of  the  Oak,  in  Hart's  Tongue, 
and  Maiden-hair.  But,  in  truth,  when  in  want 
of  a  remedy  nothing  seems  to  have  come  amiss, 
whether  it  was  vegetable  or  animal.  "  Take,"  says 
Lord  Ruthven,  "  two  dozen  or  twenty  swallows 
out  of  the  nest,"  add  rosemary  leaves,  lavender, 
cotton  and  strawberry  leaves,  stamp  them  all  to- 
gether, and  fry  them  all  in  May  butter,  or  salad 
oil,  and  you  have  a  sovereign  remedy  "  for  all 
aches."  "Worms  of  the  earth"  were  "good  for 
bruises;"  deer's  suet,  hen's  and  duck's  grease, 
the  pith  of  an  ox's  back,  a  white  flint  stone  made 
red-hot,  and  then  immersed  in  ordinary  beer, 
boar's  grease,  the  sole  of  an  old  hose,  goose  dung, 
the  marrow  of  an  ox's  leg,  the  lungs  of  a  fox,  a 
rotten  apple,  an  ox's  paunch,  frogs,  eyes  of  crabs, 
droppings  from  a  candle,  snail-shells,  and  mice- 
dung,  are  among  the  articles  in  Lord  Ruthven's 
pharmacopoeia.  But  snakes,  adders,  and  vipers 
seem  to  have  been  the  ultimate  resorts  of  his  me- 


l 


2ads.  No40.,  OcT.4. '56.] 


NOTES  ANt>  QUEHlieS. 


263 


them  which  you  can  get  in  June  or  July,  cut  off 
their  heads,  take  off  their  skins,  and  unbowel 
them;"  and  then,  having  played  a  variety  of 
other  antics  with  them,  you  have  a  medicine  of 
"  extraordinary  virtue."  "  It  cures  the  falling- 
sickness,  strengthens  the  brain,  sight,  and  hear- 
ing, and  preserveth  from  gray  hairs,  reneweth 
youth,  cureth  gout  and  consumption,  and  is  very 
good  in  and  against  pestilential  infections."  In 
anotlier  place  we  are  assured  that  oil  of  snakes 
and  adders,  which  we  are  taught  to  make  in  the 
clearest  possible  way,  performs  wonderful  cures  in 
recovering  hearing  in  those  that  be  deaf.  "  It's 
reported,"  remarks  his  lordship,  "  that  some  have 
been  cured  that  were  born  deaf  by  using  this  oil." 
There  are  a  good  many  plague  recipes.  One 
will  bear  extracting,  and  shall  close  our  paper  : 

"  Take  a  live  frog,  and  lay  the  belly  of  it  next  the 
plague  sore ;  if  the  patient  will  escape,  the  frog  will  burst 
in  a  quarter  of  an  hour :  then  lay  on  another ;  and  this 
you  shall  do  till  more  do  burst,  for  they  draw  forth  the 
venom.  If  none  of  the  frogs  do  burst,  the  party  will 
not  escape.  This  hath  been  frequently  tried.  Some  say 
a  dried  toad  will  do  it  better." 

I  fear  many  of  your  readers  will  not  thank  me 
for  encroaching  on  your  pages  at  such  length,  and 
with  matter  so  trite.  John  Bbuce. 

5.  Upper  Gloster  Street. 


MB.  MOBQAN  8    "  NORTH   WALES       AND   TELFORD. 

Mr.  Morgan,  in  Part  I.  of  his  work,  now  in 
course  of  publication,  while  dwelling  on  the  many 
sources  of  attraction  and  interest  presented  by 
the  Northern  Principality,  observes  that,  "  of  the 
most  remarkable  achievements  of  modern  scien- 
tific labour,  four  are  situated  in  North  Wales, 
within  a  few  hours'  visit  of  each  other  :  the  Slate 
Quarries  of  Penrhyn,  the  New  Harbour  of  Re- 
fuge at  Holyhead,  the  Suspension  and  Tubular 
Bridges  on  the  Menai."  (Introduction,  p.  iv.)  In 
strictness  no  exception  can,  perhaps,  be  taken  to 
this  statement ;  but  does  it  not  exclude  works  of 
science  of  the  highest  interest,  in  omitting  to  enu- 
merate the  Aqueducts  of  Pontycyssylltau  and 
Chirk  spanning  the  historic  vales  of  Llangollen 
and  Ceiriog*,  which  their  great  engineer,  Telford, 


•  "  Aye,  many  a  day, 

David  replied,  together  have  we  led 
The  onset  —  Dost  thou  not  remember,  Brother, 
How  jn  that  hot  and  unexpected  charge, 
On  Keii-iog's  bank,  we  gave  the  enemy 
Their  welcoming  — 

And  Berwyns'  after  strife  ?  " 

Southey's  Madoc. 

"  1165.  The  king  gathered  another  armie  of  chosen 

men,  through   all  his  dominions,  England,   Normandy, 

Anjow,    Gascoine,    Guyen,    sending   for   succours    from 

Flanders  and  Brytain,  and  then  returned  towards  North 


in  just  pride  caused  to  be  engraved  as  his  chefs- 
cCoRuvre  on  his  seal?*  It  may  be  that  the  last  con- 
tribution of  Telford's  genius,  his  last  offering  to  the 
engineering  glory  of  his  country,  his  Menai  JBridge, 
as  also  the  Tubular  Bridge  of  Robert  Stephenson, 
are  more  imposing  in  structure  and  object ;  but 
in  architectural  grace  and  proportions,  in  the 
charm  produced  by  combined  airy  lightness  and 
strength,  they  certainly  do  not  surpass  their  elder 
sisters  of  Denbighshire,  the  rivals  of  the  famed 
Pons  Trajani  of  Alcantara.  It  may  be  doubted 
also  whether  the  latter  do  not  offer  as  high 
claims  to  engineering  skill,  having  regard  to 
the  less  advanced  science  of  the  period  of  their 
construction.  Would  not  Robert  Stephenson, — 
himself,  the  most  just  and  generous  of  men,  —  be 
the  first  to  acknowledge  the  claims  of  his  great 
predecessor  in  the  spirit  which  inspired  the  noble 
avowal  of  Newton  to  his  rival  Hooke  :  "  If  I  have 

Wales,  minding  utterlie  to  destroy  all  that  had  life  in 
the  land :  and  coming  to  Croes  Oswalt,  called  Oswald's 
Tree,  encamped  there.  On  the  contrarie  side,  Prince 
Owen,  with  his  brother  Cadwallader,  with  all  the  power 
of  North  Wales;  the  Lord  Rees,  with  all  the  power 
of  South  Wales  ;  Owen  Cyveilioc  [Prince  of  Powys- 
Wenwynwyn,]  and  the  sonnes  of  Madoc  ap  Meredith 
[last  sovereign  of  Powys,  viz.  Griffith  Maelor,  Lord  of 
Bromfield,  ancestor  of  Owen  Glyndwr,  and  the  chivalrous 
Owen  Brogyntyn,  Lord  of  Edeirnion,  progenitor  of  the 
Hugheses  of  Gwerclas,  Barons  of  Kymmer-yn-Edeirnion], 
with  the  power  of  Powyss ;  and  the  people  betwixt  Wye 
and  Seavern  gathered  themselves  together,  and  came  to 
Corwen  in  Edeyrnion,  proposing  to  defend  their  country. 
But  the  king,  understanding  that  they  were  nigh,  being 
wonderfull  desirous  of  battell,  came  to  the  river  Ceirioc,  and 
caused  the  woods  to  be  hewn  down.  Whereupon  a  number 
of  the  Welshmen,  understanding  the  passage,  unknown 
to  their  captains,  met  with  the  king's  ward,  where  were 
placed  the  picked  men  of  all  the  armie,  and  then  began  a 
bote  skirmish,  where  diverse  worthie  men  were  slaine  on 
either  side;  but  in  the  end  the  king  wanne  the  pas- 
sage, and  came  to  the  Mountain  of  Berwyn  [Edeirnion], 
where  he  laid  in  camp  certaine  daj-s,  and  so  both  armies 
stood  in  awe  of  each  other :  for  the  king  kept  the  open 
plains,  and  was  afraid  to  be  intrapped  in  straits ;  but  the 
Welshmen  watched  for  the  advantage  of  the  place,  and 
kept  the  king  so  straitle  that  neither  forage  nor  victual 
might  come  to  his  camp,  neither  durst  any  soldiery  stir 
abroad.  And  to  augment  their  miseries  there  fell  such 
raine  that  the  king's  men  could  scant  stand  upon  their 
feet  upon  those  slippery  hills.  In  the  end  the  king  was 
compelled  to  return  home  without  his  purpose,  and  that 
with  great  loss  of  men  and  munition,  besides  his  charges. 
Therefore,  in  a  great  choler,  he  caused  the  pledges  eies, 
whom  he  had  received  long  before  that,  to  be  put  out ; 
which  were  Rees  and  Cadwalhon,  the  sonnes  of  Owen; 
and  Cynwric  and  Meredith,  the  sonnes  of  Rees,  and 
other."  —  Powell's  History  of  Wales. 

*  "  Telford,  who  o'er  the  Vale  of  Cambrian  Dee, 
Aloft  in  air,  at  giddy  height  upborne, 
Carried  his  navigable  road,  and  hung 
High  o'er  Menai's  Straits  the  bending  bridge ;  ■ 
Structures  of  more  ambitious  enterprise 
Than  minstrels  in  the  age  of  old  romance 
To  their  own  Merlin's  magic  lore  ascribed." 

SOUTHEY. 


264 


NOTES  ANB  QUERIES. 


[2nd  5.  No  40.,  Oct.  4  '58. 


seen  further,  it  is  by  standing  on  the  shoulders  of 
giants  !"  ? 

The  author  of  JRaymond  de  Monthaidt,  not  to 
mention  Mr.  Morgan's  learned  theological  works, 
may  well  afford  this  reference  to  a  slight  omis- 
sion in  a  work  conceived  in  the  very  spirit  of  the 
liistory,  legends,  and  traditions  of  the  Cyrari ;  and 
which,  —  with  a  fine  imagination  and  poetic  sus- 
ceptibility, great  felicity  of  expression  and  graphic 
narrative  in  the  legendary  tales,  —  exhibits  an  ac- 
quaintance and  sympathy  with  Cymric  archoBo- 
logy  and  literature,  aided  by  an  extensive  classical, 
oriental,  and  Scandinavian  erudition  to  which  few 
among  us  can  lay  claim. 

SrON  AP  GwiLItYM  AP  Sjoif. 

Inner  Temple. 


IMPBQVISBD   ITAMAN   VERSES   ON   A   PREAM,   BY 
KICCOMNI. 

"D!  fonnten  vok  bw 
S^raume  alter  iunge 
?Wdbc{)en  betaufcben/ 
tDie  »ielen  fujyen 
©efjeimntffen  wurben 
rote  auf  tie  ©puc 
fommen ! " 

The  unpublished  Italian  lines  improvised  by  an 
eminent  living  political  writer,  poet,  and  dramatist 
of  Tuscany,  Giovanni  Battista  Niccolini,  author  of 
Philippo  Slrozzi  and  Arnaldo  da  Brescia,  which 
I  introduce  to  the  notice  of  the  readers  of  "N.  & 
Q.,"  are  connected  with  —  and  apart  from  their 
intrinsic  beauty  owe  their  intei'est  to — a  "romance 
of  real  life"  which  within  the  last  few  weeks  Ijas 
been  realised  in  the  land  of  poetry  and  love  : 

"il  bel  paese 
Ch'  Appenin  parte  e  '1  mar  circonda  e  1'  Alpe." 

"xoo  Vxi  Sitvonen  blu^n 

3m  bunlein  Bflub  hk  ©olbiOcangen  %\\xhn, 
6tn  fanfter  fBinb  com  blauen  ^immel  wz^t, 
>Dic  9}Jv)rte  ftxiU  unb  i)ocl)  bee  fiorbeer  |tet)t." 

An  English  gentleman,  my  kinsman  and  friend, — 
the  beau-ideal  type  of  the  noblest  characteristics 
of  his  patrician  class,  whom  to  know  is  to  love  and 
honour,  —  visiting  Italy  some  years  ago  established 
himself  where 

"  Arno  wins  us  to  tliefair  wbil«  wall», 
Where  the  Etrurian  Athens  clainug  and  keeps 
A  softer  feeling  for  her  fairy  halls." 

After  a  protracted  residence  in  Florence,  my 
friend  learnt  from  his  servant,  a  native  of  that 
city,  that,  constrained  by  the  "angustaeres  domi" 
and  other  family  calamities,  it  had  become  neces- 
sary to  provide  an  asylum  for  his  sister,  like  him- 
self, lowly  in  station  and  uneducated : 

"  Ancor  sul  fiorir  de  primavera 

Sua  tenerella ; " 

almost  a  child  in  years,  but  developed   by  the 


glowing  sun  of  the  South  into  the  fulness  and 
maturity  of  womanly  form  ;  on  whom  nature,  in 
the  absence  of  other  dowry,  had  showered  in 
dazzling,  subduing  splendour  "  the  fatal  gift  of 
beauty,"  —  a  gift  which  had  already  inspired 
ardent  admiration,  royalty  even  deigning  to  offer 
respectful  homage  to  female  fascination  enshrined 
in  this  humble  child  of  the  people. 

By  the  intervention  of  ray  friend  a  more  fitting 
arrangement  than  that  contemplated  was  effected, 
and  Diomira,  such  was  her  name,  found  a  honae 
with  a  respectable  family :  visiting  her  brother 
occasionally  at  the  house  of  an  Italian  gentleman, 
of  whom  my  friend  was  for  a  short  period  the 
guest,  she  conciliated  the  esteem  and  partiality 
of  his-  wife  and  daughters,  and  gradually  became 
domesticated  in  their  family  circle.  Of  this  circle 
the  Tuscan  poet,  to  whom  I  have  referred,  was  one 
of  the  most  distinguished  ornaments;  and  thus 
Diomira  became  known  to  the  poet's  brother,  an 
Italian  count,  a  military  officer  of  rank,  holding 
high  ministerial  office  in  the  Archducal  govern- 
ment and  possessing  extensive  estates.  Madame 
de  Stael,  "  cette  femme  prodigieuse  qui  dans  le 
romnn,  la  littcrature,  la  politique,  sut  analyser 
comma  uh  philosophe,  sentir  comme  un  artiste, 
et  juger  comme  un  homme  d'etat,"  but  to  whom 
beauty  and  feminine  grace  had  been  denied,  as- 
signed to  them  so  high  a  rank  that  she  would,  she 
observed,  for  those  of  her  lovely  friend,  M*.  Re- 
camier,  give  in  exchange  all  her  own  talent ;  and 
Diomira  affords  a  confirmation  of  this  estimate 
entertained  by  the  illustrious  daughter  of  Necker,* 

*  A  striking  instance  of  the  susceptibility  to  beauty 
of  intellects  of  the  highest  order,  capable  of  resisting 
other  powerful  forms  of  influence,  was  given  by  Tycho 
Brahe.  Though  passionately  devoted  to  the  astrono- 
mical investigations  which  have  rendered  his  name  illus- 
trious— •rivalling  those  of  his  predecessor  Copernicus,  and 
of  his  contemporaries  Kepler  and  Galileo  —  and  ardently 
ambitious  of  scientific  fiime,  he  withheld  from  publication 
for  a  considerable  period  his  observations  on  the  star  of 
Cassiopeia,  which  had  excited  in  the  highest  degree  the 
interest  of  astronomers,  lest  he  should  disparage  his  no- 
bility !  {Tychonis  Brahei  Vita,  Gassendi,  4'",  1654.) 
But  the  deference  to  aristocratic  prepossession  thus  re- 
markably evinced  proved  powerless  against  the  fascina- 
tion of  the  peasant  girl,  whom,  despite  the  indignation  of 
his  family  and  the  Danish  nobles,  he  made  his  wife,  — 
Christina,  "welche  einige  ftlr  eine  Bauerstochter  von 
Knudstrup,  andere  fiir  die  Tochter  eines  Pfarrers  an- 
geben."  {Tycko  Brahe  geschildert  nach  seinein  Leben, 
&c.,  von  Helfrecht.  Hof.  1798,  12.  p.  34.)  This  author 
adds,  p.  35. :  "  Wahrscheinlich  hatte  er  sich  mit  diescr 
Person  schon  vor  der  Verehelicbung  in  allzunahe  Ver- 
traulichkeit  eingelassen,  weil  ihm  schon  den  12  October, 
1573,  eine  Tochter,  nahmens  Christine,  geboren  wurde, 
welche  nach  drey  Jabren  wieder  starb,  und  in  ihrer 
Grabschrift  in  der  Kirche  zu  Helsingborg  filia  naturnlis 
genennt  wurde."  This  offers  a  striking  parallel  to  Gothe, 
of  whom  aristocratic  reserve  and  hauteur  became  the 
most  striking  feature,  who  had  also  his  Christine,  humble 
in  origin,  the  mother  of  his  children  before  she  became 
his  wife. 


2"  S.  No  40.,  Oct.  4.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


265 


Unchilled  by  the  frost  of  years,  the  aged  count 
became  captive  to  the  attractions  of  Diomira. 
Again  my  friend's  protection  was  interposed. 
The  noble  suitor  was  induced  to  settle  an  ade- 
quate provision  on  the  object  of  his  admiration, 
should  he  not  claim  her  hand  by  a  specified 
period,  and  in  the  interval  she  was  to  seek  the 
seclusion  of  a  convent.  Availing  herself  of  the 
opportunities  of  improvement  presented  by  the 
convent,  aided  by  the  intuitively  quick  percep- 
tion, deep  sentiment,  and  artistic  taste  indigenous 
to  Italy,  even  in  its  humblest  sons  and  daughters, 
Diomira  rapidly  supplied  the  defects  of  original 
education.  To  her  inherent  beauty,  sweetness  of 
disposition,  and  purity  of  heart,  adding  the  charms 
of  cultivated  intellect  and  refined  accomplish- 
ments, her  empire  over  the  noble  count  was  con- 
firmed ;  he  resigned  his  military  rank  and  office 
of  state,  and  Diomira  is  now  his  honoured  and 
happy  countess. 

The  verses,  which  I  have  thus  prefaced,  were 
s^Sg^sted  by  Diomira  having  been  disturbed  from 
sleep  by  a  band  of  military  music  passing  along 
the  street.  Rallied  by  the  poet,  who  with  my 
friend  was  presentj  on  the  interruption,  by  the 
music,  of  a  dream  to  which  her  features  had,  he 
asserted,  given  expression,  she  invited  him  to  em- 
body the  incident  in  verses.  On  the  moment  he 
improvised  them,  and, — at  once  reduced  to  writing, 
—  they  were  given  to  my  friend. 

"  StiUa  Diomira  addormentata  mentrepassa  una 
Banda  di  Soldati. 

"  Non  la  destb  un  suon  guerriero 
Mentre  vinta  h  dal  Sopor; 
Forse  un  Nume  al  su'  pensiero 
Offre  i  Sogni  dell'  amor ; 
E  pel  volto  le  diffonde 
Un  amabile  rossor ; 
Quel  desio  die  si  nasconde 
Sotto  il  velo  del  pudor. 
"3  Maggie,  X855." 

SlON  AP  GwiLlYM  AP  SlON. 

Inner  Temple. 


THE   NEW   ATAIiANTIS. 

I  was  informed  by  the  editor  that  a  distin- 
guished literary  character,  now  deceased,  had 
mentioned  the  above  work  to  him  as  containing 
some  account  of  the  current  scandal  relative  to 
Lord  Halifax  and  Newton's  niece.  Though  on 
examination  I  found  this  was  not  the  case,  yet,  as 
others  may  have  the  same  impression  as  the 
editor's  informant,  it  may  be  worth  while  to  de- 
stroy the  grounds  of  it. 

The  Memoirs  and  Manners  of  several  Persons 
of  Quality  of  both  Sexes,  from  the  new  Afalantis, 
came  to  its  second  edition  in  1709,  in  two  volumes. 
Watt  does  not  mention  the  date  of  the  first  edition, 
nor  is  there,  I  believe,  a  copy  of  it  in  the  Museum. 


The  authoress  was  Mrg.  De  la  Riviere  Manley, 
daughter  of  Sir  Roger  Manley,  Governor  of 
Guernsey.  This  demirep  —  to  give  her  a  name 
exactly  as  much  above  her  deserts  as  it  is  below 
those  of  an  honest  woman  —  has  the  excuse,  ac- 
cording to  her  own  account,  of  having  been  de- 
ceived by  a  fictitious  marriage,  and  then  deserted, 
by  her  cousin  and  guardian.  The  book  is  far 
worse  than  its  name  would  imply,  even  at  that 
date.  A  key  accompanies  at  least  some  copies  of 
this  second  edition.  The  whole  was  republished 
in  1720,  with  two  volumes  more,  by  the  authoress, 
who  died  in  1724.  There  is  no  key,  and  the  ad- 
ditional stories  seem  to  be  destitute  of  personal 
allusion  ;  so  that  it  would  seem  as  if  the  first  pic- 
tures were  worth  money  for  their  colouring  after 
the  outline  was  lost. 

Lord  Halifax  is  described  (vol.  i.  p.  183.)  as^"a 
certain  minister,  renowned  for  wit,  and  called  a 
poet  by  all  the  poets  (for  fathering  a  copy  of 
verses,  by  whomever  wrote)  ;  the  Mecenas  of  the 
age,  an  honour  acquired  with  little  expense,  when 
few  or  none  are  found  to  contest  it  with  him." 
This  must  surely  have  been  written  after  the 
death  of  Lord  Dorset,  in  1706.  The  lady  then 
states  that  this  minister  procured  the  means  of 
speaking  to  a  "  black  lady,"  who  made  herself  fair 
by  art,  by  "giving  the  royal  musick,  and  best 
voices,"  which  all  the  court  came  to  hear.  This 
cannot  apply  to  the  niece  of  his  intimate  friend, 
to  whom  he  might  have  spoken  any  day. 

Again  (vol.  ii.  p.  264.),  two  persons,  whom  the 
key  sets  down  for  Halifax  and  Somers,  are  jointly 
mentioned  thus  :  "  Both  have  had  the  lucky  cir- 
cumstance of  finding  it  for  their  interest  still  to 
remain  of  the  party  they  first  fixed  in."  They 
are  then  described  separately.  The  first,  who, 
according  to  the  key,  is  Halifax,  has  a  seraglio 
and  a  head  sultana,  who  takes  care  to  introduce 
such  beauty  as  may  supply  the  failure  of  her  own. 
The  other,  whom  the  key  contradicts  itself  by 
stating  to  be  not  Somers  but  somebody  else,  ia 
Horace  and  Maecenas  both,  and  was  once  a  mar- 
ried man,  descriptions  applying  to  Halifax.  And 
this  is  all  that  1  can  find.  I  may  add  that,  not 
trusting  the  key,  I  have  looked  through  the  two 
volumes,  and  find  nothing  else  which  can  be  sup- 
posed to  bear  on  the  subject.        A.  Db  Morgan. 


HOW  JUaiES   USED   TO   LAT   THEIE  HEAD3 
TOGETHEK. 

I  have  been  assured  by  an  excellent  legal  friend 
of  mine,  that  it  used  to  be  the  custom  in  one  of  our 
northern  counties  at  the  Quarter  Sessions,  when 
the  chairman  had  summed  up,  for  him  to  conclude 
his  address  to  the  jury  with  the  advice  given  by 
Sidney  Smith  to  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  St. 
Paul's,  "  to  lay  their  heads  together,"  with  a  view 


266 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2na  s.  No  40.,  Oct.  4.  '56. 


of  producing  the  best  and  hardest  pavement.  I 
am  told  that  no  sooner  were  the  words  uttered 
from  the  bench,  "  Now  gentlemen,  lay  your  heads 
together  and  consider  your  verdict,"  than  down 
went  every  head  in  the  box,  and  an  official  ap- 
proached armed  with  a  long  wand.  If  any  un- 
lucky juror  inadvertently  raised  his  head,  down 
came  the  stick  upon  his  pate  ;  and  so  they  con- 
tinued till  the  truth  was  struck  out,  in  their  vere- 
dictum,  an  excellent  plan  for  expediting  business. 

I  remember  many  years  since  witnessing  a 
somewhat  analogous  case  to  this  in  the  church  at 
Dunchurch.  I  was  an  accidental  attendant  there, 
and  an  excellent  sermon  was  preached ;  so  good 
a  one  that  I  am  reminded  of  a  saying  attributed 
to  Cliief  Justice  Tindal,  who,  speaking  of  a  sermon 
that  he  had  heard  a  long  time  before,  said,  "  It 
was  an  excellent  sermon  1  know  ;  I  only  forgot  all 
about  it  three  weeks  ago." 

Notwithstanding  this,  the  weather  being  very 
hot,  there  were  several  parties  fast  asleep  in  dif- 
ferent parts  of  the  church.  A  respectable  looking 
man,  who  had  very  much  the  air  of  a  church- 
warden, bearing  a  long  stout  wand  with,  I  believe, 
a  fork  at  the  end  of  it,  at  intervals  stept  stealthily 
up  and  down  the  nave  and  aisles  of  the  church ; 
and  whenever  he  saw  an  individual  whose  senses 
were  buried  in  oblivion,  he  touched  him  with 
his  wand  so  effectually  that  the  spell  was  broken, 
and  in  an  instant  he  was  recalled  to  all  the  realities 
of  life.  I  watched  as  he  mounted  with  wary  step 
into  the  galleries  :  at  the  end  of  one  of  them  there 
sat  in  the  front  seat  a  young  man  who  had  very 
much  the  appearance  of  a  farmer,  with  his  mouth 
open,  and  his  eyes  closed,  a  perfect  picture  of  re- 
pose. The  official  marked  him  for  his  own,  and 
having  fitted  his  fork  to  the  nape  of  his  neck,  he 
gave  him  such  a  push,  that,  had  he  not  been  used 
to  such  visitations,  it  would  probably  have  pro- 
duced an  ejaculatory  start  highly  inconvenient  on 
such  an  occasion.  But  no,  everyone  seemed 
quietly  to  acquiesce  in  the  usage ;  and  whatever 
else  they  might  be  dreaming  of,  they  certainly  did 
not  dream  of  the  infringement  upon  the  liberties 
of  the  subject,  nor  did  they  think  of  applying  for 
a  summons  on  account  of  the  assault. 

I  am  quite  aware  that  churchwardens  are  in 
these  days  very  much  in  the  habit  of  stirring  up 
the  congregations,  but  not  exactly  in  the  way 
adopted  at  Dunchurch.  Now,  Sir,  I  am  curious 
to  know  whether  the  custom  still  exists  in  that 
parish,  or  whether  any  of  your  coi-respondents 
have  witnessed  it  practised  elsewhere.      K.  W.  B. 


STRTPE  8    "  LIFE    OF   PARKER. 

In  Sir  Henry  Ellis's  Letters  of  Eminent  Literary 
Men  (pp.  270,  271.)  are  printed  letters  from 
Gibson  and  Potter  to  Strype,  in  which,  as  Cole 


remarks,  "it  is  curious  to  observe  Tennlson's, 
Gibson's,  and  Potter's  earnestness  to  suppress  a 
truth,  for  fear  of  oriving  advantage  to  the  Papists." 
In  St.  John's  College  Library  we  have  a  copy 
of  Strype's  Parker,  enriched  with  the  notes  of 
Baker  and  Richardson.  On  a  fly-leaf,  Baker  has 
transcribed  a  paragraph  which  throws  light  upon 
the  letters  above  cited,  and  proves  that  Strype 
was  compelled  for  many  years  to  suppress  his 
Memorials  of  Parker  :  — 

"In  a  Letter  from  M'  Strvpe,  dated  Low-Leyton, 
Febr.  ii.  1695,  thus  — 

"  My  Memorials  of  Parker,  I  believe,  will  hardly  get 
abroad,  partly  by  reason  of  the  bigness  of  it,  and  partly 
because  I  suspect,  the  Bps.  have  no  great  mind,  that 
divers  of  the  Transactions  of  the  Reformation  under  Qu. 
Eliz.  should  be  commonlv  known.  They  know  of  the 
Book,  and  have  had  some  discourse  among  themselves 
about  it,  w^i"  a  certain  Bp.,  my  good  Friend,  will,  when  I 
see  him  next,  inform  me:  whom  I  did  desire  to  commu- 
nicate it  to  the  ArchBp.  of  Cant.,  and  he  has  had  the 
Contents  of  the  Chapters  before  bim.  They  will  be,  I 
suspect,  a  little  tender,  the  Puritans  should  be  medled 
withall,  lest  it  should  provoke ;  tho'  all  that  I  have  writ, 
is  but  matter  of  fact  and  History,"  &c. 

J.  E.  B.  Mayor. 

St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 


SSlinar  iJotc^. 

Notes  on  the  ''Black  Watch:' —  In  1729-30 
the  government  raised  six  companies  of  High- 
landers, which  from  being  unconnected  with  each 
other  were  styled  independent  companies.  To 
distinguish  them  from  the  regular  troops,  who 
from  the  colour  of  their  clothes  were  called  by  the 
Gael  "  Red  Soldiers,"  these  companies,  being 
dressed  in  their  tartan,  were,  from  its  sombre  ap- 
pearance, called  "  Black  Watch." 

In  1739  four  additional  companies  were  raised, 
and  with  the  former  independent  companies  were, 
in  1740,  formed  into  a  regiment,  and  numbered 
the  43rd.  In  1749,  in  consequence  of  the  reduc- 
tion of  the  then  42nd  regiment,  the  number  of  the 
Highland  regiment  was  changed  from  the  43rd  to 
the  42nd,  which  number  it  has  ever  since  retained. 

C.  M.  O. 

The  Bonaparte  Fam.ily. — It  Is  known  that  when 
Bonaparte  had  married  the  daughter  of  Francis 
of  Austria,  the  latter  took  some  pains  in  having 
researches  made  about  the  origin  and  lineage  of 
the  Bonaparte  family.  But  Napoleon  declined  to 
take  any  notice  of  it,  saying,  •'  I  am  the  Rudolph 
Habsburg  of  my  family."  Still,  these  documents 
have  been  partly  published  of  late  on  the  Con- 
tinent, and  exhibit  a  most  respectable  appearance. 
Because,  besides  the  known  fact  that  the  mother 
of  one  of  the  Popes  was  a  Bonaparte,  the  pedigree 
branches  off  to  Constantinople ;  and  there  is  no 
doubt    that  the  Bonapartes    descended  lineally 


2nd  s.  No  40.,  Oct.  4.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


267 


from  the  Greek  emperor.  Amongst  the  numberless 
facts  and  data  rehiting  to  the  great  Bonaparte,  I 
do  not  recollect  to  have  heard  what  was  the  coat 
of  arms  of  the  Corsican  branch  :  and  whether 
there  had  been  any  change  in  it  when  they  had 
settled  in  Florence,  or  even  sooner.  In  the  coat 
of  arms  line,  nothing  is  perhaps  so  interesting  as 
the  stone  armorials  which  stood  engraved  on  the 
house  where  Gothe  was  born  at  Frankfort :  "  a 
Av^inged  lyre,  surrounded  by  stars."  Hahent  sua 
fata  lapides.  J.  Lotskt. 

15.  Gower  Street. 

Lefral  Times  of  Worli,  Meals,  and  Sleep  for 
Artificers  in  the  Iteign  of  Henry  VIII.  —  The  fol- 
lowing may  interest  some  of  your  readers.  I  copy 
it  from  a  small  and  very  old  black-letter  tract, 
j)rinted  by  "  Robert  Wyer  for  Rycharde  Bankes," 
without  date,  entitled, — 

"  The  Ordynal  or  Statut,  concernynge  Artyfycers, 
Seruauntes,  and  Labourers,  newly  prynted  with  dyuers 
other  thing  therunto  added." 

"  Item.  It  is  enacted  by  y®  saj'd  statute  made  in  the 
vi  3'ere  of  k)'ng  Henry  the  viii.,  the  iii.  chaptyre,  that 
euery  artyfycer  and  labourer  shal  be  at  his  worke  be- 
twene  the  myddes  of  Marche  and  the  myddes  of  Sep- 
fembre  before  f)'ue  of  the  clocke  in  the  mornynge,  and 
that  he  shall  haue  but  halfe  an  houre  for  his  brekefaste, 
and  an  houre  and  an  halfe  for  his  dyner  at  such  tyme  as 
lie  hath  to  slepe  by  the  statute,  and  when  he  hath  no 
season  to  hym  appoynted  to  slepe,  then  he  shall  haue 
but  one  houre  for  his  dyner,  and  halfe  an  houre  for  his 
noone  meate,  and  that  he  departe  not  from  his  worke 
tj'll  betwene  vii.  and  viii.  of  the  clocke  at  nyght. 

"  And  that  from  the  myddes  of  Septembre  to  the 
myddes  of  Marche,  euery  artyfycer  and  labourer  to  be  at 
their  worke  in  the  spryngynge  of  the  daye,  and  departe 
not  tyll  nyght. 

"  And  3'f  that  any  of  the  sayde  Artyfycers  or  labourers 
do  offende  in  any  of  these  Artycles,  that  then  theyre  de- 
faultes  to  be  marked  by  hym  or  his  deputy  that  shall 
paye  theyr  wages,  and  at  the  wekes  ende  theyr  wages  to 
be  abated  after  the  rate. 

"  And  that  the  sayde  artyfycers  and  labourers  shall  not 
slepe  in  the  day,  but  onely  from  the  myddest  of  Maye 
vnto  the  myddest  of  August." 

Robert  Wyer  and  Richard  Bankes  were  printers 
and  publishers  who  flourished  circa  1530.  I 
fancy  The  Ordynal,  above  mentioned,  has  escaped 
the  notice  of  Dibdin,  as  it  is  not  to  be  found  in 
the  list  he  gives  of  the  works  executed  by  Wyer 
and  by  Bankes.  The  Ordynal  must  have  been 
published  between  1530  and  1540. 

Henry  Kensington. 

Note  on  Xenophon.  —  In  the  Anabasis  of  Xeno- 
phon  (lib.  i.  cap.  6.),  Cyrus  interrogates  Orontes 
in  the  following  words  ;  — 

OixoKoyeli  oiv,  nepi  e/ne  adixo;  yeyevii<x6ai." 

And  the  answer  given,  according  to  all  the  edi- 
tions I  have  seen,  is  "'H  ydp  avdyK-rj."  Now  this 
punctuation  I  believe  to  be  erroneous,  for  ^  yap 
evidently  belongs  to  the   question,   the  answer 


being  aydyKv  only,  Comp.  Plat.  Oorg.  449.  E., 
450  C.,  451.  E.,  &c.,  where  ^  yap  closes  the  ques- 
tion, and  where  it  is  answered  by  the  affirmative 
vol,  as  it  is  in  every  case  in  the  same  treatise 
except  three.  J.  O.  B.  Crowe,  A.B. 

Professor  of  Celtic,  Q.  Coll.,  Galway. 
Belfast. 

7'Ae  common  Soldier  in  Coleridge's  Friend.  — 
Mr.  Emerson,  in  his  recently-published  book  on 
England  (p.  6.),  tells  us  that  he  made  inquiries 
about  the  authorship  of  a  passage  in  The  Friend 
(vol.  iii.  p.  5Q.),  professedly  taken  from  a  common 
soldier's  address  to  his  comrades.  Coleridge  con- 
fessed that  he  had  "filtered"  the  original,  but 
gave  no  exact  reference.  As  some  among  your 
readers  may  be  as  curious  as  Mr.  Emerson,  I  give 
the  full  title  of  the  pamphlet  from  which  (p.  25. 
foil.)  Coleridge's  garbled  extract  is  taken  : 

"  Justice  upon  the  Armie  Remonstrance,  or  a  Rebuke 
of  that  Evill  Spirit  that  leads  them  in  their  Counsels  and 
Actions.  With  a  Discovery  of  the  contrariety  and  enmity 
in  their  Wales,  to  the  good  Spirit  and  Minde  of  God,  De- 
dicated to  the  Generall,  and  the  Councel  of  War.  By 
William  Sedgwick. 

'  But  they  shall  proceed  no  further,  for  their  folly  shall 
be  manifest  to  all  men.' — 2  Tim.  iii.  9. 

London,  Printed  for  Henry  Hils,  and  are  to  be  sold  at 
his  house  over  against  S.  Thomases  Hospitall  in  South- 
wark,  and  at  the  Black  Spread-Eagle  at  the  West  End  of 
Pauls,  neare  Ludgate.    m.dc.xlix."    4to.  pages  62. 

Those  who  know  Coleridge  will  not  be  sur- 
prised to  learn  that  Sedgwick  was  not  a  common 
soldier,  but  an  ordained  minister.  See  Calamy's 
Account,  pp.  114,  117. ;  Continuation,  p.  155,  He 
may  perhaps  be  identified  with  William  Sigiswick 
of  Calus  College,  M,A,,  1638,  Calamy  says  that 
he  was  "  a  pious  man,  with  a  disorder'd  head." 

J,  E.  B.  Match. 

St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 

Was  Lord  Bacon  the  Author  of  the  Plays  at- 
tributed to  Shakspeare  ?  —  Mr.  Smith  in  his  letter 
to  Lord  Ellesmere  (recently  reviewed  in  the 
Athenaeum)  having  opened  the  field  to  controversy, 
the  following  coincidence  of  expression  may  not 
be  thought  unworthy  of  a  note. 

In  the  play  of  Henry  V.  Act  III.  Sc.  3.  occurs 
the  following  line : 

"  Tfie  gates  of  mercy  shall  be  all  shut  up.". 

And  again  in  Henry  VI. : 

"  Open  the  gate  of  mercy,  gracious  Lord," 

Sir  Francis  Bacon  uses  the  same  idea  in  a  letter 
written  to  King  James  a  few  days  after  the  death 
of  Shakspeare : 

"  And  therefore  in  conclusion  he  wished  him  (the  Earl 
of  Somerset)  not  to  shut  the  gate  of  your  majesty's  mercy 
against  himself  by  being  obdurate  any  longer,"  • 

Cl,  Hoppe9, 


268 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  No  40.,  Oct.  4.  '56. 


Diabohgy.  —  Professor  Vilmar  of  Marburg, 
who  asserts  to  have  seen  the  evil  spirit  in  propria 
persona,  is  occupied  in  the  compilation  of  an  es- 
pecial work  under  the  above  title.  Professor 
Vilmar  considers  the  devil  as  an  imitator  or  ape  of 
divinity,  and  ascribes  all  false  doctrines  (and  bad 
deeds)  to  its  pernicious  influence  !         J.  Lotsky. 

15.  Gower  Street. 


^ntvieS, 


SIE    CHABLES    RAYMOND,    BABT. 

I  am  anxious,  if  possible,  to  trace  the  parentage 
of  the  late  Sir  Charles  Raymond,  Bart.,  of  Valen- 
tines and  Hifrhlands,  co.  Essex,  who  was  created  a 
baronet  in  May,  1774.  The  title  was  conferred 
with  special  limitation  to  his  son-in-law  and  kins- 
man, the  late  Sir  William  Burrell,  who  succeeded 
as  second  baronet,  and  was  father  of  the  present 
Sir  Charles  Burrell.  None  of  the  volumes  of  the 
Peerage  or  Baronetage  give  the  ancestry  of  Sir 
Charles  Raymond ;  but  I  believe  the  family  sup- 
position is,  that  his  family  originally  came  fi'om 
Devonshire,  but  at  what  period,  or  in  what  de- 
gree Sir  Charles  was  connected  with  the  Ray- 
monds of  Devonshire,  appears  unknown.  His 
arms,  which  were  Arg.  three  bars  sable,  are  the 
same  as  the  Raymonds  of  Marpole,  and  thus  con- 
firm the  belief  of  his  Devon  extraction.  By  his 
wife  Sarah  Webster  he  left  three  daughters  and 
co-heirs,  the  eldest  of  whom  married  her  kinsman, 
William  Burrell,  to  whom  the  title  was  confirmed. 
Sir  William  was  the  second  son  of  Peter  Burrell, 
Esq.,  M.P.,  of  Beckenham,  Kent,  by  Amy  his 
wife,  eldest  daughter  of  (Col.)  Hugh  Raymond,  of 
Sailing  Hall,  Essex,  and  Langley,  Kent ;  and  was 
uncle  of  the  late  Lord  Gwydyr.  The  degree  of 
affinity  between  Sir  Charles  Raymond  and  Amy 
Raymond,  wife  of  Peter  Burrell,  is  not  clearly 
shown,  but  it  has  been  always  understood  they 
were  cousins.  From  Mrs.  Burrell  being  stated  as 
the  eldest  daughter  of  Hugh  Raymond,  it  is  pre- 
sumed he  had  other  children.  There  appears  to 
have  been  also  another  branch,  also  said  to  be 
cousins  of  Sir  Charles,  of  which  were,  Jones  and 
John  Raymond,  who  it  is  said  were  brothers. 
John  Raymond  died  so  late  as  the  year  1800,  aged 
eighty-seven  years  ;  with  him  resided  three  maiden 
sisters,  his  nieces,  of  the  name  of  Snow.  In  the 
Evelyn  Pedigree  it  is  stated  that  William  Evelyn- 
Glanville  of  St.  Clere,  Kent,  married  as  his  second 
wife  Bridget  Raymond,  sister  and  co-heir  of  Jones 
Raymond.  Of  this  marriage  were  two  sons  and 
two  daughters.  William  Evelyn,  the  eldest,  suc- 
ceeded to  his  father's  estate ;  George  Raymond 
Evelyn,  the  second  son,  was  the  first  husband  of 
^e  Lady  E.izabeth  Leslie,  who  succeeded  as 
eleventh  Countess  of  Rothes,  and  by  whom  he  was 
father  of  George  William  Evelyn,  twelfth  Earl  of 


Rothes.  The  christian  name  of  the  eldest  daugh- 
ter does  not  appear  in  the  Evelyn  pedigree,  but 

she  is  stated  to  have  married Langton,  Esq., 

of  Newton  Park,  Somersetshire  ;  Sarah  Evelyn, 
the  second  daughter,  was  wife  of  Chase  Price, 
Esq.,  and  their  only  daughter  married  Bamber 
Gascoign,  Esq.,  and  was  mother  of  the  late  Mar- 
chioness of  Salisbury.  I  should  feel  greatly  in- 
debted if,  through  the  medium  of  your  valuable 
columns,  I  could  be  informed  where  I  might  meet 
with  a  pedigree  of  the  Raymonds  of  Devonshire, 
or  whether  there  is  any  account  of  the  family  in 
any  topographical  work  of  Kent  or  Essex.  The 
name  is,  I  believe,  still  extant  in  the  county  of 
Devon,  and  also  in  Ireland,  but  the  arms  of  the 
Irish  family  in  especial  are  totally  distinct  from 
those  borne  by  Sir  Charles  and  the  Marpole 
family.  J.  B. 


Minor  ©ttertc^. 

Did  Archbishop  Crunmer  recant,  in  the  proper 
Sense  of  the  Term?  —  Can  any  of  the  numerous 
readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  inform  me  whether  any 
original  document,  or  anything  approximating 
thereto,  exists  touching  Cranmer's  subscription  to 
his  supposed  "recantation?"  or  are  we  to  refer 
for  information  solely  to  the  mendacious  tract 
published  by  Cawood  in  1556,  under  the  direction 
and  superintendance  of  Bonner  ? 

E.  C.  Habington. 

The  Close,  Exeter. 

St.  Peter,  with  a  closed  Booh.  —  Knowing  that 
one  distinguishing  mark  between  St.  Peter  and  St. 
Paul  is  a  closed  book  in  the  hands  of  the  latter,  I 
have  been  rather  surprised  to  find  in  two  instances 
St.  Peter  carrying  the  book,  closed,  as  St.  Paul  is 
usually  represented  doing.  In  the  museum  at 
Ypres,  in  an  old  carving,  he  is  thus  represented 
with  closed  book  and  keys  :  St.  Paul  carrying  a 
similar  book  and  sword. 

In  a  stone  carvure,  over  the  principal  entrance 
to  Bromyard  Church,  Herefordshire,  St.  Peter  is 
likewise  represented  with  keys  and  closed  book. 

What  do  the  different  positions  of  this  symbol 
indicate  ?  And  are  there  in  the  knowledge  of 
your  readers  any  other  similar  representations  of 
the  Apostle  Peter  ?  if,  indeed,  the  book  is  suffi- 
ciently a  distinguishing  feature. 

J.  H.  Pattison. 

Binford  Family,  Arms  of.  —  Are  there  in  ex- 
istence any  armorial  bearings  belonging  to  the 
family  of  Binford,  co.  Devon  ?  And  if  so,  what 
are  they  ?  J.  B. 

I'^xeter. 

Proportion  of  Males  and  Females.  —  The  Mor- 
monites  allege  as  an  argument  for  polygamy  a 


2nd  s.  No  40.,  Oct.  4.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


large  preponderance  in  numbers  of  women  over 
men. 

"  Look  at  the  census  of  Europe,"  says  Mr.  Parley  P. 
Pratt,  one  of  the  twelve  Apostles,  "  and  even  of  the  older 
states  of  the  Union ;  see  the  hundreds  of  thousands  of 
females  more  than  of  males."  —  Marriage  and  Morals  in 
Utah,  p.  7. 

What  is  the  fact  ?  A.  A.  D, 

Anonymous  Works.  —  Who  are  the  authors  of 
the  follovvinjr :  An  Essay  on  the  Oxford  Ti'acts, 
8vo.,  1839;  Rufus,  or  the  lied  King,  a  romance, 
1838;  Glsela,\  tragedy,  by  J.  J.  H.,  1839; 
Nighfs  Adventures,  or  the  Road  to  Bath,  a  comedy 
in  three  acts,  by  Philo  Aristophanes,  1819;  I'he 
Ingrate's  Gift,  a  dramatic  poem,  Edinb.  1830  ? 

R.J. 

Armorial,  —  To  what  families  do  the  following 
coats  of  arms  appertain?  1.  Gules,  a  chevron, 
vair,  between  three  crescents ;  tincture  of  cres- 
cents uncertain.  Crest,  a  stag's  head  cabossed. 
2.  Argent,  on  a  chevron,  between  three  trefoils, 
as  many  torteauxes.  Tincture  of  trefoils,  tor- 
tcauxes,  and  chevron,  not  clearly  defined.  This 
coat  is  impaled  with  argent,  a  fess  chequy,  pre- 
sumed to  be  Stuart.  T.  B. 


;in  of 


^^  Quicquid  agas,^*  ^c. — What  is  the  origin 
the  proverbial  Latin  verse  — 
"  Quicquid  agas,  prudenter  agas ;  et  respice  flnem  ?  " 

] 

"  To  cry  mapstichs'''  —  What  is  the  explanation 
of  the  phrase  "  To  cry  mnpsticks,"  as  used  in 
Swift's  Polite  Conversation,  Dialogue  I.  ? 

"  Neverout.  Whj^,  Miss,  j'ou  are  in  a  brown  study ; 
what's  the  matter?  Methinks  j^ou  look  like  mumchance, 
that  was  hanged  for  saying  nothing. 

"  Miss.  I'd  liave  you  to  know,  1  scorn  your  words. 

"  Neverout.  Well,  but  scornful  dogs  will  eat  dirty  pud- 
dings. 

"Miss.  My  comfort  is,  your  tongue  is  no  slander. 
What,  you  would  not  have  one  be  always  on  the  high 
grin? 

"  Neverout,  Cry  mapsticks,  Madam ;  no  otfence,  I  hope." 

The  meaning  seems  to  be  :  "  (I)  cry  mapsticks," 
I  ask  pardon,  —  I  apologise  for  what  I  have  said. 

L. 
Rustigen  on  Mill  Wheels  and  Magnetism.  — 

"  Dr.  Wittemback  shewed  me  a  book  upon  Mill-  Wheels 
and  Magnetism  by  one  Rist.  D.  Rustigen,  a  High  Dutch 
quack,  who  calls  his  scheme  the  noblest  discovery  of  the 
wliole  loorld.  He  may  well  do  so,  if  it  is  true ;  as  he  pro- 
fesses, among  many  other  wonders  to  be  effected  by  the 
combination  of  these  powers,  to  make  a  ship  without  sails 
go  faster  against  wind  and  tide  than  any  sailing  ship 
now  goes  with  both  in  its  favour.  The  plan  has  found 
believers,  but  the  ship  is  not  yet  built." — Letters  from 
Holland  and  Lower  Germany,  b}'  John  Eyre,  M.  D., 
London,  17G9,  p.  76. 

The  author  describes  Dr.  Wittemback  as  a 
physician  at  Leyden,  to  whom  he  had  an  intro- 


duction. Can  any  of  your  readers  give  me  in- 
formation as  to  the  book  or  the  project  ?       T.  H. 

Tonbridge. 

Diocese  or  Diocess.  —  What  is  the  authority  for 
the  recent  change  of  orthography  in  this  word, 
and  why  should  it  now  be  written  diocess  instead 
(as  formerly)  of  diocese  f  The  plural  is  still 
spelled  dioceses  and  not  dioce,sses.  fu 

Pedestres.  —  Who  was  the  author  of  a  whimsical 
work  entitled  A  Pedestrian  Tour  of  thirteen  hun- 
dred and  forty-seven  miles  thi^ough  Wales  and  Eng- 
land, hy  Pedestres  and  Sir  Clavileno  Woodenpeg, 
Knight  of  Snowdon,  publislicd  by  Saunders  and 
Otley,  2  vols.,  Svo.,  1836  ?  There  are  several  rude 
engravings,  to  which  the  initials  P.  0.  H.  are  af- 
fixed, n. 

Van  Dyck,  a  Swedish  Diplomatist, — In  Hartes' 
Life  of  Gustavus  Adolphus  (vol.  i.  p.  24.)  is  to 
be  found  the  following  paragraph,  date  of  year 
1614:  — 

"  The  demands  of  Denmark  being  thus  completelj 
satisfied,  it  was  thought  expedient  in  the  next  place  to 
enter  into  a  fifteen  years'  treaty  of  commerce  and  mutual 
guaranty  with  the  States  General ;  and  to  this  purpose, 
Gustavus  Adolplms  dispatched  Van  Dyck,  a  favourite 
minister  Avith  his  father,  in  an  I'^mbassy  to  Holland, 
when  the  whole  affair  was  concluded  both  effectually  and 
speedily." 

Can  any  of  your  readers  inform  me  what  rela- 
tion, if  any,  this  Van  Dyck  was  to  the  great 
painter  Sir  Anthony  ?  X.  Y.  Z. 

The  Great  Comet  of  December  ]  680. — Wanted, 
notices  of  this  remarkable  comet,  as  it  appeai'ed  in 
Ireland  or  elsewhere.     Also,  the  time  of  its  reap- 
pearance. Jambs  Graves,  Clerkk 
Kilkenny, 

Music  of  " Les  Carmagnolles"  —  Can  any  one 
of  your  musical  readers  assist  me  in  obtaining  the 
melody  to  this,  the  most  sanguinary  of  the  songs 
of  the  first  French  Revolution  ?  I  have  inquired 
of  music-sellers  in  Paris,  and  at  the  foreign  music 
shops  here,  and  have  examined  the  Catalogue  of 
Music  in  the  British  Museum,  but  without  success. 

J.  H.  H. 

[Our  correspondent  will  find  a  curious  Note  on  Les 
Carmagnolks  in  our  1''  S.  iv.  489.] 

Descents  reckoned  by  Succession  of  Christian 
Names.  —  I  wish  to  call  attention  to  the  Latin 
epitaph  on  the  monument  of  Henry,  Earl  of 
Surrey,  as  it  is  printed  in  Dugdale's  Baronage  : 

"  Henrico  Howardo,  Thomre  Secundi 
Ducis  Norfolcia?  Alio  primogenito ; 
Thomas  tertii  patri ;  Comiti  Surrire,"  &c. 

We  know  that  this  Henry,  Earl  of  Surrey,  was 
the  eldest  son  of  the  third  Duke  of  Norfolk,  and 
was  father  of  the  fou7-th  Duke  of  Norfolk;  but 


270 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  40.,  Oct.  4,  '56. 


the  inscription  says,  "  Thomce  secundi  Ducis  Nor- 
folcim  filio  T^v\mogen\to \  Thomce  tertii palri" 

There  is  certainly  a  great  ambiguity  in  this 
mode  of  expression,  which  might  puzzle  or  mis- 
lead an  ordinary  reader,  if  he  were  not  aware  that 
the  words  secundi  and  tertii  must  be  construed 
with  the  word  Thomce,  and  do  not  belong  to  the 
word  Dticis ;  as  we  should  write  Henry  the  Eighth 
King  of  England,  not  meaning  that  he  was  the 
eighth  king  of  England,  but  that  he  was  the  eighth 
person  or  prince  of  the  name  of  Henry  who  was 
King  of  England. 

My  object  is  to  inquire  whether  this  method  of 
reckoning  descents  by  the  succession  of  Christian 
names  is  usual  and  correct;  and  whether  other 
similar  instances  can  be  produced  from  the  monu- 
mental inscriptions  of  our  nobility  ?  Sciolus. 

Heraldry  of  the  Channel  Islands.  — Can  any 
of  your  Channel-Island  or  other  correspondents 
give  any  information  respecting  the  heraldry  of 
those  islands  ?  Are  the  arms  borne  by  the  various 
families  to  be  found  in  the  Heralds'  College,  or 
are  they  of  Norman  derivation,  and  registered  in 
France  ?  If  the  latter,  from  what  office  or  source 
are  they  to  be  sought  ?  And  is  there  any  trust- 
worthy authority  on  this  subject  ?  O.  W. 

"  Billy-Boy  : "  "  Bavens"  —  What  is  the  origin 
of  Billy-Boy,  as  applied  to  a  sort  of  sailing  barge 
in  the  Thames  ?  Why  are  faggots  in  Kent  and 
Sussex  termed  Bavins  ?  Centurion. 

Athenajum  Chib. 

Encaustic  Tiles,  how  to  copy  them.  —  l  lately 
tried  to  copy  some  ancient  encaustic  tiles  (red 
and  yellow)  by  filling  in  the  red  parts  with  Indian 
red,  and  then  washing  all  over  with  gamboge,  but 
I  found  the  red  very  liable  to  run  into  the  yellow. 
Perhaps  some  one  could  inform  me  how  to  fix  the 
red,  and  oblige  Wilfred. 

Royal  Privileges  at  Universities.  —  Can  persons 
who  can  prove  their  descent  from  the  Conqueror, 
or  any  other  King  of  England,  claim  to  have  a 
degree  conferred  upon  them,  by  either  University, 
without  residing  the  ordinary  time  ?  Are  such 
persons  entitled  to  any,  and  what,  privileges  ? 

JOHNIAN. 


The  late  Madame  Vestris.  —  Authorities  differ 
as  to  the  parentage  of  this  celebrated  lady.  Some 
(as  tlie  Gentlemans  Magazine,  &c.)  affirming  her 
to  be  the  daughter,  others  (as  Willis's  Current 
Notes,  &c.)  the  granddaughter  of  Francesco  Bar- 
tolozzi,  the  well-known  engraver.  Dates  favour 
the  latter  supposition  :  misreprecentation,  inten- 
tional  or  otherwise,   like   that  which   has    been 


prevalent  as  to  the  place  and  date  of  her  birth, 
may  have  led  to  the  former.  Perhaps  the  fact, 
through  the  medium  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  can  be  satis- 
factorily ascertained.  William  Bates. 
Birmingham. 

[The  late  Madame  Vestris  was  the  granddaughter  of  the 
celebrated  engraver  Francesco  Bartolozzi.  This  state- 
ment is  corroborated  by  the  announcement  of  her  death 
in  The  Times,  as  well  as  by  the  following  notice  of  the 
death  of  her  father,  who  was  also  an  engraver,  in  the 
Gentleman's  Magazine,  Sept.  1821,  p.  284.:  "Aug.  25, 
1821,  aged  64,  Mr.  Bartolozzi,  engraver,  son  of  the  late 
eminent  artist  of  that  name,  and  father  of  Madame  Ves- 
tris of  Drury  Lane  Theatre."] 

Acatry.  —  Is  this  term  still  in  use  ?  I  have 
just  met  with  it  for  the  first  time,  "  Clerk  of  the 
Acatry  to  the  Royal  Household"  (Jtemp.  Charles  II.), 
and  on  turning  to  the  Technological  Dictionary  I 
find  it  written  Acatery,  and  it  is  said  to  be  "  a  sort 
of  check  between  the  king's  kitchen  and  the  pur- 
veyors." No  derivation  is  given.  Query,  is  it 
from  the  French — Achat,  Achaterie,  Acatery, 
Acatry  ?  John  J.  A.  Boase. 

Alverton  Vean. 

\_Acatery  is  obsolete;  but  in  To^A^s  Johnson  we  meet 
with  "  Catery,  the  depository  of  victuals  purchased."  See 
also  Kelham,  Norm.  Diet.,  "Serjeaunt  de  I'acaterie,  Ser- 
jeant of  the  catery."  In  the  Ordinances  and  Regulations, 
&c.  published  bj'  the  Society  of  Antiquaries,  Liher  Niger 
Edw.  IV.,  acatry  is  the  room  or  place  allotted  to  the 
keeping  of  all  such  provisions  as  the  purveyors  purchased 
for  the  king;  and  achatour  (p.  22.),  the  person  who  had 
charge  of  the  achatry.  The  office  o(  achator,  or  purveyor, 
was  common  in  religious  establishments.  Most  lexico- 
graphers derive  the  word  from  the  Fr.  acheter,  to  buy  or 
purchase,  to  purve}',  to  provide.  Hence  the  modern  word 
caterer,  Boucher  saj's,  "  Acheter  was  formerly  written 
and  pronounced  achupter,  and  seems  to  have  a  connexion 
not  very  remote  with  the  common  English  words,  chap, 
chapmen,  cheap,  to  cheapen,  to  chop,  or  exchange,  &c."] 

Hertfordshire  Kindness.  —  In  the  second  Dia- 
logue of  his  Polite  Conversation,  Swift  uses  the 
phrase  "  Hertfordshire  kindness,"  apparently  in 
the  sense  of  a  kindness  which  a  person  does  to 
himself.  Is  this  a  proverbial  saying  which  occurs 
elsewhere  ? 

"  Neverout.  IMy  Lord,  this  moment  I  did  myself  the 
honour  to  drink  to  your  lordship. 

"  Lord  Smart.  Why  then  that's  Hertfordshire  kindness. 

"  Neverout.  Faith,  my  Lord,  1  pledged  myself;  for  I 
drank  twice  together  without  thinking." 

Li. 

[Fuller,  in  his  Worthies,  explains  this  proverb  as  a 
mutual  return  of  favours  received.  He  says,  "  This  is  ge- 
nerally taken  in  a  good  and  grateful  sense,  for  the  mutual 
return  of  favours  received ;  it  being  [belike]  observed 
that  the  people  in  this  county  at  entertainments  drink 
back  to  them  who  drank  to  them,  parallel  to  the  Latin 
proverbs,  '  Fricantem  refrica ;  Manus  manum  lavat;  Par 
est  de  merente  benfe,  benfe  mereri.' "] 

St.  Frediswede.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers  in- 
form me  of  the  history  of  this  saint  ?     Her  tomb, 


2)i<i  s.  N"  40.,  Oct.  4.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


271 


or  a,  monument  to  her  memory,  is,  I  believe,  still 
to  be  seen  at  Christchurch,  Oxford.  She  was,  I 
presume,  of  Saxon  origin.  T.  B. 

[Frideswide,  or  Fridiswida,  honoured  as  the  patroness 
of  Oxford,  is  said  to  have  been  the  daughter  of  Didanus, 
or  Diilacus,  a  sub-regulus  in  these  parts,  who  about  the 
year  727,  on  the  death  of  his  wife  Safrida,  founded  a  nun- 
nery at  Oxford  for  twelve  reh'gious  virgins  of  noble  birth, 
under  the  government  of  his  daughter.  Frideswide  being 
buried  here,  and  afterwards  canonised,  the  monastery  was 
dedicated  to  her  memorj',  and  called  almost  always  by 
her  name.  For  the  life  of  St.  Frideswide  consult  Cap- 
grave's  Nova  Legenda  Angliw,  fol.  Lond.,  p.  clii.  b. ;  Bri- 
tannia Sancta,  p.  207. ;  Butler's  Lives  of  the  Saints, 
Oct.  19.;  and  Dugdale's  Monasticon,  vol.  ii.  p.  134.,  edit. 
1819,] 


H^plte^. 


WERE    THE    SILURES    OF    IBEBIC    ORIGIN  ? 
(2"'»  S.  i.  17.) 

Permit  me  to  tender  Dimetiensis  my  sincere 
thanks  for  his  response  to  the  Query,  wherein  I 
requested  a  copy,  if  possible,  of  certain  undecl- 
phered  inscriptions  said  to  exist  in  Cardigan  Bay. 
He  concludes  his  remarks  by  asking  for  the  proofs 
of  my  assertion  that  the  Silurians  came  from 
Spain.  To  this  I  answer,  that  although  we  have 
no  authoritative  records  testifying  to  that  effect, 
yet  the  idea  is  supported  by  so  many  concurrent 
circumstances,  and  harmonises  so  well  with  what 
we  know  of  the  history  of  those  times,  that  it 
may  perhaps,  without  impropriety,  be  regarded  as 
a  tolerably  established  fact.  The  subject  is  neither 
uninteresting  nor  unimportant ;  and  it  may  there- 
fore be  worth  while  to  go  into  those  circumstances, 
with,  however,  the  utmost  possible  brevity.  They 
are  as  follows  :  — 

1.  The  statement  in  Tacitus.  Your  correspon- 
dent regards  this  statement  as  a  mere  guess,  but 
Niebuhr  thought  otherwise.  Hear  what  he  says 
on  the  matter  in  his  History  of  Rome  (vol.  ii. 
p.  517.,  note)  : 

"  Tlieir  [the  Silurians,  Iberian,]  origin  is  not  an  in- 
ference which  ho  [Tacitus]  himself  draws  from  these 
circumstances,  [the  features,  hue,  and  hair  of  the  Silu- 
rians], but  he  looks  upon  them  as  proofs  of  the  truth  of  a 
current  opinion." 

2.  The  fact  pointed  out  by  myself  some  time 
since  in  "N.  &  Q.,"  that  the  Scilly  Isles  are 
called  by  Solinus  Silura.  This  is  satisfactory  evi- 
dence that  the  Silurians  inhabited  those  islands; 
and  as  they  are  150  miles  from  South  Wales  (the 
head-quarters  of  that  nation),  on  the  direct  road 
from  Spain,  tlieir  presence  there  can  be  accounted 
for  only  on  the  supposition  that  they  were  left 
behind  by  the  body  of  their  countrymen  when 
voyaging  from  Spain  to  South  Wales. 

3.  Several  places  in  South  Wales  have  Iberic 
names.     Siluria  itself  is  an  Iberic  word,  and  iden- 


tical with  Lusones  ;  which  tribe,  as  it  was  located 
on  the  precise  spot  whence  the  Silurians  are  most 
likely  to  have  sailed,  may  reasonably  be  set  down 
as  the  parents  of  the  race  :  (r  and  s  were  anciently 
interchangeable  :  thus,  Fusius  and  Furius,  Vetu- 
sius  and  Veturius,  are  identical.    See  Livy,  iii.  14.) 

4.  The  renowned  story  of  the  Milesian  colony 
to  Ireland  may  be  regarded  as  affording  some 
confirmation  to  the  idea  otherwise  rendered  pro- 
bable, that  a  considerable  portion  of  the  British 
aborigines  came  from  Spain.  At  least,  it  proves 
that  a  tradition  to  that  effect  was  current  among 
the  Britons  themselves. 

Dimetiensis  says,  that  he  had  supposed  that  the 
Dimetas  inhabited  the  "Lost  Hundred;"  where 
I  have  located  the  Silurians.  His  supposition  is 
doubtless  literally  accurate ;  at  the  same  time  I 
may  mention,  that  the  Dimetae,  as  well  as  the 
Ordovices  (of  North  Wales),  were  subject  to  the 
Silurians  :  and  as  subjection  pre-supposes  a  con- 
quest, my  statement  may  perhaps  be  considered 
as  equally  accurate. 

With  respect  to  the  Silurians  in  the  Scillies,  I 
may  remark,  that  according  to  a  saintly,  but  some- 
what apocryphal  authority,  cited  by  Southey  in 
his  Common-place  Booh,  a  certain  King  Mark, 
who  reigned  in  Cornwall  in  the  fifth  century,  had 
subjects  who  spoke  in  four  different  languages. 
Southey  offers  some  suggestions  as  to  what  these 
four  languages  were.  Plis  conclusions  are  not 
however  either  definite  or  satisfactory ;  and  I 
would  rather  conjecture  the  languages  to  have 
been  : — 1.  Cornish  proper.  2.  Cymric,  or  Welsh. 
3.  Gaelic;  and  4.  Iberic,  which,  as  above  shown, 
was  spoken  in  the  Scillies. 

I  have  set  down  the  Gaelic  as  one  of  the  dif- 
ferent dialects  on  the  following  grounds.  The 
Gael,  or  Gwyddyl,  were  undoubtedly  the  real 
British  aborigines ;  and  when  the  Cymri  con- 
quered Britain,  they  fled  not  only,  as  is  well 
known,  to  Ireland  and  Scotland,  but  to  Anglesea 
and  Cornwall  also.  This  is  clear  from  the  follow- 
ing verses  of  Golyddan,  a  Welsh  bard  of  the 
seventh  century : 

"  After  the  expulsion  [of  the  Picts  and  Scots],  they  make 

a  triumph, 
And  reconciled  the  Cymry,  the  men  of  Dublin, 
The  Gwyddyl  of  Ireland,  Anglesey,  and  Scotland. 
Cornwall,  and  the  men  of  Alclwyd,  to  their  reception 

amongst  us." 

It  will  be  well  if,  in  our  researches  into  ancient 
British  history,  we  constantly  bear  in  mind  this 
diversity  of  race;  for  it  will  doubtless  tend  to 
illustrate  some  points  which  otherwise  would  re- 
main hopelessly  obscure.  Thus,  the  fact  of  the 
Gaelic  race  existing  in  Anglesea,  as  a  separate 
nation,  down  to  the  seventh  century,  may  enable 
us  to  assign  a  satisfactory  reason  for  an  action 
attributed  to  Rhodri  Mawr  (a.d.  891),  which  is 
otherwise  inexplicable.     I  allude  to  his  transfer- 


272 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"<i  S.  No  40.,  Oct.  4.  '56. 


ring  his  scat  of  government  from  the  mountains 
of  Caernarvon  (each,  as  Warrington  writes,  a 
natural  fortress),  into  tlie  open  and  unprotected 
country  of  Anglesea.  Southey  endeavours  to  ac- 
count for  it  by  supposing,  that  he  removed  to  that 
island  in  order  to  be  able  to  defend  it  more  ad- 
vantageously against  the  incursions  of  the  Danes ; 
but  by  this  supposition  the  difficulty  is  only  par- 
tially obviated.  Is  it  not  more  natural  to  suppose 
that  Rhodri  Mawr  conquered  the  Gael  of  Mona, 
and  then  removed  into  the  subjected  territory  to 
keep  his  new  subjects  in  submission  ?  This 
would  be  in  exact  accordance  with  the  course 
commonly  pursued  by  conquerors ;  and  its  not 
being  recorded  in  contemporary  chronicles  is  no 
reasonable  objection  against  its  truth ;  as  we 
should  not  have  been  aware  even  of  the  existence 
of  the  Gael  in  Anglesea  at  all,  had  not  the  above 
quoted  passage  in  Golyddan  been  fortunately 
preserved. 

May  we  not  find  another  unnoted  memorial  of 
the  Gael  in  Watling  Street  ?  This  name  is  said 
to  be  a  Saxon  corruption  of  the  Cymric  Gwyde- 
linsarn  (the  way  of  the  Gael,  see  Thierry's  Nor- 
man Conquest,  vol.  i.  p.  70.,  note)  ;  and  it  is 
supposed  that  it  was  so  called  because  it  led  to 
the  country  of  the  Gwyddyl::=  Ireland.  It  is 
much  more  probable  that  it  was  the  work  of  that 
people,  during  its  dominancy  in  South  Britain  ; 
just  as  were  the  houses  whose  ruins,  two  cen- 
turies ago,  were  called  by  the  Welsh  the  houses 
of  the  Gael.     (iVbr.  Conq.,  vol.  i.  p.  2.,  note). 

I  have  somewhat  diverged  from  the  matter 
with  which  I  commenced ;  but  as  I  am  not  aware 
that  the  presence  of  the  Gaelic  race  in  Anglesea 
and  Cornwall  has  been  hitherto  remarked,  and  as 
it  may  be  of  considerable  importance  in  future 
historical  researches,  the  digression  will  I  hope  be 
pardoned,  Edwaed  Wbst. 

3.  Pump  Kow,  Old  Street  Road. 


MALACHI   THRUSTON,^lMP.D.,    OF   EXETEH. 

(2""  S.  ii.  190.) 

The  following  particulars  of  Malachi  Thruston, 
M.D.,  will  probably  afford  the  information  re- 
quired by  your  correspondent  E.  L.  No  notice 
is  taken  of  this  distinguished  physician  in  any 
general  or  medical  biography  with  which  I  am 
acquainted,  and  the  few  incidents  in  his  career 
which  I  now  forward  were  collected  long  since, 
with  the  view  to  supply  a  deficiency  not  credit- 
able to  our  medical  literature.  His  birthplace, 
parentage,  preliminary  education,  and  death,  have 
hitherto  eluded  my  research.  Information  on 
these  points  would  go  far  to  complete  his  bio- 
graphy ;  it  may  perhaps  be  supplied  by  some  of 
your  readers.  The  books  of  Sidney  Sussex  Col- 
lege, Cambridge,  would  supply  some  of  the  facts, 


but  the  date  of  his  death  must  be  sought  in  Devon- 
shire, and  I  believe  at  Exeter. 

Malachi  Thruston  was  of  Sidney  Sussex  Col- 
lege, Cambridge,  and  took  his  degrees  in  arts,  as 
a  member  of  that  house :  A.B.  1649-50;  A.M. 
1653.  He  subsequently  became  a  fellow  of  Caius 
College,  but  at  what  date  is  uncertain,  probably, 
as  suggested  by  the  learned  master  of  that  Col- 
lege, Dr.  Guest,  during  the  Commonwealth,  when 
the  entries  were  made  very  irregularly.  lie  was 
created  Doctor  of  Medicine  by  mandate  of  Charles 
II.,  dated  Dec.  17,  1664,  and  the  degree  was 
actually  conferred  on  the  13th  of  January  follow- 
ing. Dr.  Thruston  then  settled  at  Exeter,  and  ia 
1670  his  celebrated  treatise  De  Respirationis  Usu 
pi'imario  diatriba  issued  from  the  London  press. 
Of  the  doctor's  professional  career  in  Devonshire 
no  records  remain.  If  success  in  physic  was  at 
all  times  commensurate  with  merit,  we  should  not 
hesitate  in  concluding  that  his  practice  in  Exeter 
was  considerable.  To  say  nothing  of  the  internal 
evidence  Dr.  Thruston's  Vork  affords  of  his  at- 
tainments as  a  scholar  and  physician,  we  are  as- 
sured by  Dr.  Musgrave,  the  author  of  the  Anti- 
quitates  Britanno  Belgicm,  a  very  competent  judge 
of  professional  merit,  that  he  was  a  man  of  sound 
judgment  and  justly  ranked  among  the  most  cele- 
brated physicians  of  his  age,  "erectiori  vir  ingenio, 
in  medicis  fevi  celeberrimis,"  and  again,  "  nemo 
unquara  medicus  illustrior,  neu  qui  arti  plus  tri- 
buerat." 

The  talents  of  this  accomplished  man  were 
eventually  obscured  by  insanity..  On  December 
18,  1697,  he  was  professiohally  visited  by  Dr. 
Musgrave,  from  whose  narrative  of  the  case  (/)e 
Arthritide  Symptomatica  Dissertatio,  p.  83.)  many 
of  these  particulars  have  been  derived.  Dr. 
Thruston  was  then  a  septuagenarian.  His  malady 
was  attributed  to  the  combined  influence  of  a 
nervous  temperament,  an  injury  to  the  head  in 
childhood,  excess  of  study,  the  over  use  of  coffee, 
and  gout.  "  His  adjici  oportebit,"  says  Musgrave, 
"  cselibatum  sive  nimiam  castitatem."  The  dis- 
ease presented  lucid  intervals,  and  Musgrave's 
visit  was  made  during  one  of  them.  For  some 
time  the  doctor's  conversation  was  perfectly 
rational,  but  ere  long  decided  evidences  of  in- 
sanity were  manifested. 

The  Diatriba,  Dr.  Thruston's  only  published 
work,  is  a  logically  constructed,  original  and 
argumentative  essay  on  an  abstruse  but  most  im- 
portant physiological  question.  The  language  is 
that  of  a  scholar,  well  chosen,  correct,  and  often 
elegant,  the  references  and  quotations  frequent 
and  appropriate,  affording  ample  proof  of  the  ex- 
tent of  his  erudition,  medical  as  well  as  general. 
Diffidence  and  modesty  characterise  this  essay, 
and  my  impression,  after  a  careful  perusal,  is,  that 
it  was  the  work  of  an  original  thinker,  and  of  an 
amiable  and  accomplished  man. 


2»*  8.  No  40.,  Oct.  4.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


273 


The  essay  was  originally  written  as  an  academi- 
cal exercise  at  Cambridge  in  16G4-5,  but  was  not 
printed  until  1670,  and  then  only  on  the  advice 
of  Dr.  Seth  Ward,  Bishop  of  Exeter,  and  Dr. 
Wilkiris,  Bishop  of  Chester.  The  first  edition, 
now  somewhat  rare,  created  much  sensation.  It 
was  answered  by  Sir  George  Ent,  M.D.,  then  the 
leading  physician  in  London,  who  had  already  for 
some  years  occupied  the  presidential  chair  of  the 
College  of  Physicians,  had  been  the  intimate  friend 
of  the  immortal  Harvey,  and  the  editor  of  one  of 
his  works.  A  second  edition  of  Dr.  Thrnston's 
work  was  published  at  Leyden  in  1679.  It  was 
again  reprinted  in  1685  in  the  Bibliotheca  Anato- 
mica  of  Le  Clerc  and  Mangetus. 

W.  MuNK,  M.D. 
Finsbury  Place. 


EICHABD    DICKINSON   OF    SCARBOROUGH    SPA. 

(2"'i  S.  ii.  189.) 

History  does  not  inform  us  on  what  day,  or  in 
what  year,  the  celebrated  Richard  Dickinson, 
better  known  as  Dicky  Dickinson,  first  saw  the 
light.  He  was  one  of  those  beings  whom  Nature, 
in  her  sportive  moods,  formed  and  sent  into  the 
world  to  prove  the  great  variety  in  her  works  ; 
and  although  he  had  every  limb  and  member  in 
common  with  other  men,  yet  they  were  so 
strangely  contrived  and  put  together  as  to  render 
him  the  universal  object  of  admiration  and  laugh- 
ter. "  There  is,"  observes  Swift,  "  naturally  in 
the  English  character  a  tendency  to  humour." 
Dicky  Dickinson  possessed  this  faculty  in  a  very 
eminent  degree,  and  this,  joined  with  the  singu- 
larity of  his  figure,  contributed  to  bring  him  into 
great  notice  among  the  gentry  and  others  who 
visited  Scarborough  Spa,  where  he  resided,  and 
followed  the  double  occupation  of  shoe-cleaner 
and  vender  of  gingerbread.  In  1732  he  appears 
to  have  rented  the  Spa  of  the  Corporation  of 
Scarborough,  which  before  that  time  was  merely 
a  cistern  for  collecting  the  mineral  water.  He 
had  then  saved  enough  money  to  build  a  house, 
and  to  erect  a  suite  of  houses  of  office.  He  then 
brought  home  a  mistress,  to  whose  care  and  at- 
tention he  consigned  the  charge  of  the  ladies 
whom  the  waters  of  the  Spa  compelled  to  visit 
for  conveniency,  while  he,  with  the  most  polite 
attention,  attended  the  like  calls  of  the  gentlemen. 

It  is  said  that  Dicky  was  never  at  a  loss  for  an 
answer  to  any  joke  that  might  be  levelled  against 
him  ;  and,  with  a  quaintness  of  manner  peculiarly 
his  own,  was  ever  certain  of  raising  the  laugh  at 
the  expense  of  his  antagonists.  It  is  a  curious 
fact,  that  on  August  28  and  29,  1738,  the  Spa  at 
Scarborough  was  utterly  destroyed  by  an  earth- 
quake ;  the  earth  behind  Dicky's  house  sunk,  and 
forced  up  the  sand  and  soil  around  (for  the  space 


of  100  yards)  to  the  height  of  eighteen  feet  or 
more  above  its  level,  and  some  years  elapsed  be- 
fore the  mineral  spring  .was  again  discovered.  It 
seems  that  Dicky  Dickinson  did  not  long  survive 
this  catastrophe,  as  he  departed  this  life  at  Scar- 
borough, on  Sunday,  February  12,  1738-9. 

There  is  a  mezzotinto  of  Dickinson,  copied  from 
Vertue's  print*,  having  the  figure  of  a  monkey  on 
one  side,  and  that  of  a  fox  on  the  other  (symbolic 
I  suppose  of  the  man  and  his  cunning)  with  the 
following  lines  underneath  : 

"  Behold  the  Governor  of  Scarborough  Spaw, 
The  uglyest  Fizz  and  Form  you  ever  saw ; 
Yet  when  j-ou  view  the  Beauty  of  his  Mind, 
In  him  a  second  -lEsop  you  ma}'  find. 
Samos  unenvied  boasts  her  iEsop  gone, 
And  France  may  glory  in  her  late  Scarron, 
While  England  has  a  living  Dickinson." 

To  a  whole-length  etching  of  Dickinson,  drawn 
from  his  very  person  by  a  gentleman  who  had  the 
advantage  of  a  twelvemonth's  observation  of  his 
most  natural  posture  and  countenance,  is  given 
the  following  title : 

"The  exact  Effigies  of  Dicky  Dickinson,  commonly 
called  King  Dicky,  Governor  of  the  Privy  Houses  of 
Scarborough  Spaw,  whose  ingenuity,  industry,  and  ex- 
pense in  contriving  and  building  Conveniences  for  Gent" 
and  Lady's  is  worthy  Notice,  and  no  small  advantage  to 
Scarborow." 

His  person  is  described  in  the  following  way, 
under  the  etching : 

"  Thus,  he  wallis  as  upright  as  he  can, 
Judge  if  Nature  designed  him  a  Man, 

If  you'd  prove  him  a  Man,  from  his  talent  in  Wh g, 

He  has  done  no  more  than  all  Monkj's  before  him  : 
Whether  Monkey  or  Man,  'twas  that  Nature  design'd, 
Pray  guess  from  his  Figure,  and  not  from  his  Mind." 

Under  another  etching,  representing  Dickinson 
in  a  sitting  posture,  are  the  following  verses  : 

"  King  Dicky  thus  seated,  his  subjects  to  greet. 
With  scurvy  jokes  treats  them,  and  fancies  they're 

Wit; 
Then  laughs  'til  the  Rheum  runs  down  from  both' 

eyes, 
To  his  grizzled  beard,  which  the  drivle  supplies. 
And,  like  to  Old  Sydrophel,  fain  would  seem  wise.' 

In  the  Scarborough  Miscellany  for  1734  is  the 
following  poem : 

"  On  the  Scarborough  Waters. 

"  These  cure  disease  of  every  kind  — 
Of  fanc}',  body,  or  of  Mind  — 
Infallible,  in  every  Evil  — 
As  Ilolj'-water  drives  the  Devil. 
To  Scarborough  haste  from  various  regions, 
And  pay  to  '  Dicky '  due  allegiance ; 
To  view  so  oddly  form'd  a  Creature, 
To  note  his  Limbs,  and  every  feature, 


1  both  "J 
nse."   J 


*  There  is  a  portrait  of  Dickinson  engraved  by  Ver- 
tue,  after  a  painting  by  H.  Hysing,  dated  1725,  to  which 
are  appended  some  curious  verses. 


274 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  N«  40.,  Oct.  4.  '56. 


And  hear  him  joking  at  the  Spring, 

While  3'ou  (his  subjects)  Tribute  bring, 

This,  with  the  Wafers  you  are  quaffing. 

Will  make  you  hurst  yourselves  with  Laughing." 

During  the  period  of  Dicky's  celebrity  his  face 
•was  often  carved  upon  walking-sticks,  and  Peck, 
the  antiquary  (who  was  fond  of  a  joke),  is  said,  to 
have  had  one  remarkably  like  him.  E. 


Your  correspondent  A  is  informed  that  he  will 
find  a  full  account  of  Dicky  Dickinson  in  Caul- 
field's  Remai-kable  Persons,  with  a  full-length  en- 
graving of  his  elegant  form. 

IIenkt  Kensington. 


SOBSLETS   "COLLECTION   OF   POEMS. 

(2°^S.  i.  151.237.) 

The  following  Note  on  the  first  and  second 
editions  of  Dodsleys  Collection  drawn  up  by 
a  friend  who  compared  my  copy  of  the  fii'st 
edition  with  his  of  the  second,  deserves  to  be  re- 
corded for  the  information  which  it  furnishes  re- 
specting the  most  popular  poetical  miscellany  ever 
published  in  England  :  — 

"  This  is  the  first  edition  of  Dodshy's  famous 
Collection  of  Poems.  It  was  published  in  the 
month  of  January,  1748,  'three  pocket  volumes,' 
price  9*.  In  the  same  year  appeared  a  second 
edition,  also  in  three  volumes,  but  with  consider- 
able additions  and  some  omissions  of  poems,  pro- 
bably thought  unworthy  of  a  place  here.  The 
poems  omitted  were  :  1.  The  Art  of  Cookery. 
2.  An  Imitation  of  Horace's  Invitation  to  Tor- 
quatus.  3.  The  Old  Cheese.  4.  The  Skillets 
5.  The  Fisherman.  6.  Little  Mouths.  7.  Hold 
Fast  Below.  8.  The  Incurious  (all  by  Dr.  King). 
9.  The  Apparition  (by  Dr.  Evans).  10.  The 
Wrongheads :  and,  11.  The  Happy  Man.  None 
of  these  were  ever  reprinted  in  Dodsley.  Among 
the  most  remarkable  additions  to  the  second 
edition  were  some  of  the  Odes  of  Collins,  which 
were  published  by  Millar  in  December,  1746 
(dated  1747),  and  here  reprinted  for  the  first  time 
with  considerable  variations.  In  order  to  enable 
purchasers  of  the  first  edition  to  complete  their 
copies,  a  fourth,  thin,  volume  was  published  in 
the  following  year,  which  contains  all  the  pieces 
which  were  in  the  second,  but  not  in  the  first 
edition,  and  no  others.  Gray  sneered  at  the 
'  Three  Graces '  in  the  frontispiece,  and  in  the 
second  edition  Dodsley  substituted  for  them  the 
allegorical  vignette  which  appears  in  all  the  sub- 
sequent editions.  The  fourth,  supplementary, 
volume  of  1749,  however,  has  the  'Graces'  to 
correspond  with  the  three  volumes  of  the  edition 
■which  it  was   intended  to  complete.    The  Col- 


lection was  afterwards  enlarged  to  four  volumes. 
A  '■fourth  edition,'  in  four  volumes,  appeared  in 
1755.  In  1758  an  edition  was  published  in  six 
volumes,  containing  further  additions.  In  this 
number  of  volumes  it  was  frequently  reprinted ; 
but  I  have  seen  a  mention  of  an  edition  in  seven 
vols.  \2mo.  of  1770.  The  latest  edition  I  am 
aware  of  is  that  of  1782,  in  six  vols.  8vo.  There 
was  published  in  1768,  '  A  Collection  of  Poems, 
being  two  additional  volumes  to  Mr.  Dodsley's 
Collection  ; '  but  whether  by  Dodsley's  successor, 
I  know  not.  A  copy  of  this  is  in  the  Grenville 
Library,  British  Museum,  and  in  the  Bodleian. 
Dodsley's  Collection  enjoyed  a  greater  popularity 
than  was  ever  attained  by  any  other  publication 
of  the  kind.  Gray  speaks  of  it  in  1751  as  the 
'Magazine  of  Magazines.'  The  first  edition  is 
now  scarce,  and  the  '  Three  Graces '  rarely  seen. 

"  There  is  an  error  in  the  paging  of  vol.  i.  of 
this  edition.  After  paging  regularly  to  263.  the 
numbering  recommences  with  238.,  and  goes  on 
regularly  from  thence  to  p.  286.,  the  end  of  the 
volume." 

William  J.  Thoms. 


"think  of  me,"  "the  GARDEN  OP  FLOEENCE," 
AND  JOHN  HAMILTON  REYNOLDS. 

(2'"i  S.  ii.  109.219.) 

The  questions  asked,  and  the  vague  answers 
given,  suggest  that  it  may  be  well  to  say  a  few 
words  on  this  subject,  though  I  must  write  from 
a  memory  which  is  not  altogether  to  be  relied  on. 
Anonymous  publications  of  the  last  century  per- 
plex and  trouble  us  now  ;  and  when  editors  and 
contributors  are  quoting,  not  "2"'^_S.,"  but  "22"'' 
S.,"  (about  which  time,  as  I  take  it,  your  useful 
little  publication  will  be  in  its  greenhood  and 
glory,)  a  few  contemporary  words  may  have 
value. 

Mr.  Carrington  is  no  doubt  correct,  that  the 
lines  in  question  appeared  in  The  Garden  of  Flo- 
rence,  written,  according  to  the  title-page,  by 
John  Hamilton,  but  in  truth  by  John  Hamilton 
Reynolds. 

J.  H.  Reynolds  was  a  man  of  genius,  who 
wanted  the  devoted  purpose  and  the  sustaining 
power  which  are  requisite  to  its  development; 
and  the  world,  its  necessities  and  its  pleasures, 
led  him  astray  from  literature.  He  was,  if  I 
mistake  not,  born  at  Shrewsbury ;  but  his  family 
must  have  soon  removed  to  London,  as  he  finished 
his  education  at  St.  Paul's  School.  His  father 
was  subsequently  writing-master  at  Christ's  Hos- 
pital. Reynolds  had  an  early  struggle.  He  was 
first  a  clerk  in  The  Amicable  Insurance  Office, 
then  articled  to  an  attorney,  and  as  an  attorney 
he  practised  for  many  years,  but  not  with  much 
success.     Eventually   he  accepted  the   office  of 


2"<«S.  NO40.,  Oct.  4. '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


275 


clerk  to  the  County  Court  at  Newport  in  the  Isle 
of  Wight,  and  at  Newport  he  died  in  1852. 

So  early  as  1814  he  published  Safie,  an  Eastern 
tale,  dedicated  to  Lord  Byron,  who  had  made 
Eastern  tales  the  fashion.  Byron  thought  well  of 
it  as  a  work  of  promise,  and  Reynolds  is  kindly 
mentioned  more  than  once  in  his  published  letters. 
Byron  indeed,  as  appears  from  those  letters,  sub- 
sequently assumed  that  one  of  Reynolds's  anony- 
mous squibs — "  I'he  Fancy,  by  Peter  Corcoran" 
—  was  certainly  written  by  Tom  Moore ;  a  com- 
pliment beyond  suspicion  of  either  personal  feeling 
or  flattery.  Sajie  was,  I  think,  reviewed  in  The 
Examiner ;  or  rather  Keats,  Shelley,  and  Rey- 
nolds were  there  brought  forward  as  the  poets  of 
especial  promise ;  and  this  served,  in  those  times 
of  unscrupulous  criticism,  to  fix  on  all  the  name 
of  cockney  poets,  or  poets  of  the  cockney  school. 

Sq/ie  was  followed,  in  1815,  by  The  Eden  of 
Imagination  —  by  An  Ode,  on  the  overthrow  of 
Napoleon  —  and  in  1816  by  The  Naiad.  Rey- 
nolds too  was  "the  wicked  varlet"  who  in  1819 
anticipated  the  genuine  "  Peter  Bell "  of  Words- 
worth by  a  spurious  " Peter  Bell"  in  which  were 
exhibited  and  exaggerated  the  characteristics  of 
Wordsworth's  earlier  simplicities.  In  1821  The 
Garden  of  Florence  appeared.  With  the  excep- 
tion of  Safie  these  works  were  all  published  ano- 
nymously. It  was  neither  prudent  nor  pleasant 
for  a  young  man  to  come  before  the  public  with 
a  contemptuous  nick-name  affixed  to  his  publi- 
cations. Times  are  indeed  changed.  We  all 
know  the  rank  and  position  which  Shelley  and 
Keats  now  hold. 

Reynolds,  though  full  of  literary  energy  at  that 
time,  was  always  hurried  and  uncertain.  He  in- 
deed played  the  old  game  of  fast  and  loose  between 
law  and  literature,  pleasure  and  study.  He  wrote 
fitfully  —  now  for  the  magazines,  now  for  the 
newspapers  —  one  or  two  articles  for  the  Edin- 
burgh Review,  several  for  the  Retrospective  Re- 
vieio,  and  had  a  hand  in  preparing  more  than  one 
of  Mathew's  Monologues,  and  in  two  or  three 
farces.  When  the  London  Magazine  was  started 
under  John  Scott  he  became  a  regular  contribu- 
tor, and  so  continued  when,  after  the  unfortunate 
death  of  Scott,  it  was  transferred  to  Taylor 
and  Hessey.  This  was  the  only  true  period  of 
his  literary  life.  He  now  became  associated 
with  Charles  Lamb,  Hazlitt,  Allan  Cunningham, 
George  Darley,  Barry  Cornwall,  Thomas  Hood, 
and  others,  who  met  regularly  at  the  hospitable 
table  of  the  publishers,  and  by  whom  his  wit  and 
brilliancy  were  appreciated ;  and  he  was  at  that 
time  one  of  the  most  brilliant  men  I  have  ever 
known,  though  in  later  years  failing  health  and 
failing  fortune  somewhat  soured  his  temper  and 
sharpened  his  tongue. 

Thomas  Hood  married  the  elder  sister  of  Rey- 
nolds, and  the  Odes  and  Addresses  were  the  joint 


production  of  the  brothers-in-law.  I  believe  I 
am  correct  in  stating  that  Reynolds  wrote  the 
Ode  to  Macadam  —  To  the  Champion,  Dymoke  — 
To  Sylvanus  Urban  —  To  Ellision — and  The  Ad- 
dress to  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Westminster.  To 
the  Address  to  Maria  Darlington  both  contributed. 
The  greater  genius  and  fame  of  Hood  have  over- 
ridden the  memory  of  Reynolds ;  and  this  appro- 
priation is  the  more  required.  Reynolds  also,  for 
some  years,  lent  occasional  assistance  to  the  Comic 
Annual,  in  suggesting,  finishing,  and  polishing, 
rather  than  in  separate  and  substantive  contribu- 
tions. 

Reynolds  was  early  intimate  with  John  Keats 
—  was  the  "friend"  to  whom  Keats  addressed  his 
Robin  Hood  ;  a  reply  or  comment  on  a  paper  on 
Sherwood  Forest,  written  by  Reynolds  in  the 
London  Magazine.  Many  letters  addressed  to 
Reynolds  and  his  sisters  are  interwoven  into  Mr. 
Milnes's  pleasant  memoir  of  Keats. 

A  man  some  of  whose  whimsies  Byron  assumed 
must  have  been  written  by  Tom  Moore  —  while 
others  were  by  Coleridge  affiliated  on  Charles 
Lamb  —  who  was  associated  in  humorous  pub- 
lications with  Tom  Hood,  and  not  unworthily, 
deserves  a  niche  in  "  N.  &  Q. ;  but  I  claim  it  to 
clear  up  an  anonymous  mystification,  which  is 
misleading  your  readers.  T.  M.  T. 


^t^liti  to  iMtnot  ^ntxiti. 

Rubens'  ''Judgment  of  Paris"  (P*  S.  ix.  561.) 
—  One  of  the  very  scarce  and  valuable  engravings 
of  the  "  Decision  of  Paris,"  now  in  the  National 
Gallery,  is  in  my  possession.  This  "  gem "  of 
Woodman's  is  said  to  have  been  executed  (while 
the  picture  was  the  property  of  the  Penrices  of 
this  place)  expressly  to  gratify  the  wish  of  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  afterwards  George  IV.,  and  that 
only  forty  impressions  were  taken  before  the 
plate  was  destroyed.  The  engraving  purports  to 
have  h^en  published  and  sold  by  Orme  in  1813. 

James  Haegrave  Harrison. 

Graat  Tamworth. 

Walton's  Polyglott  Bible  (1"  S.  vii.  476.;  xi. 
284.)  —  I  take  the  following  notice  of  this  work 
from  Fergusson's  America  by  River  and  Rail : 

"  Among  the  literary  curiosities  shown  to  us  in  the 
library  of  Harvard  University  at  Cambridge,  Massachu- 
setts, were  Walton's  Polyglott,  the  copy  which  belonged 
to  Hyde,  Lord  Clarendon." 

In  "  N.  &  Q.,"  1'*  S.  vii.  476.,  I  stated  that 
Bishop  Juxon's  copy  of  Walton's  Polyglott  is  now 
in  the  Maltese  library,  and  asked  how  it  had  ever 
been  taken  from  St.  John's  College,  at  Oxford,  to 
which  library,  as  is  recorded  in  the  first  volume,  it 
formerly  belonged.  W.  W. 

Malta. 


276 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"'i  S.  N"  40.,  Oct.  4.  '56. 


Kalends  (2"'^  S.  ii.  110.  236.)  — Allow  me  to 
inquire  of  your  correspondents  Mr.  Pattison, 
J.  M.  G.,  and  S.  S.  S.,  whether  the  name  of  a 
church  footpath,  which  they  write  calends,  ought 
not  to  be  written  scallenge;  and  whether  the 
word  does  not  properly  refer  to  the  covered  gate- 
way, called  in  other  places  the  "  lich-gate,"  and 
not  to  the  footpath  ?  In  parts  of  Herefordshire, 
this  word  (which  at  Bromyard  is  stated  to  be 
pronounced  calends)  is  certainly  known  as  scal- 
lenge:  see  the  explanation  in  the  Herefordshire 
Glossary,  where  it  is  conjectured  to  be  a  corrup- 
tion of  scallage  from  scalagium.  L. 

Hops  (2"''  S.  ii.  243.)— Fuller  is  nearer  the 
truth  than  the  old  Rhymer  quoted  by  your  corre- 
spondent Me.  Yeowell. 

I  have  before  me  an  original  lease  of  lands  in 
Lynchesore  in  High  Hardres,  Kent,  granted  by 
Henry  Dygges,  Gent.,  to  John  Heryng,  dated 
March  8,  4  E.  IV.,  1463-4.  Among  the  cove- 
nants, there  is  an  agreement  for  the  tenant  to 
have  every  year  a  certain  quantity  of  wood  for 
fuel ;  always  excepting  that  reserved  for  hop- 
poles.  The  exact  words  are  :  "  evry  yere  duryng 
the  terme,  an  acre  of  wode  competent  and  of  the 
best  fewell,  excepte  Hope  tymbre." 

This  certainly  seems  to  contradict  the  assertion 
that  the  cultivation  of  hops  was  first  introduced 
in  1524 :  for  we  have  here  great  care  taken  of 
underwood  for  the  supply  of  hop-poles  as  early  as 
1464.  L.  B.  L. 

Queen  Anne's  Foster  Father  {and  Nurse)  (2"''  S. 
ii.  86.  154.  ) — I  cannot  pretend  to  unravel  the  dif- 
ficulty referred  to  by  your  correspondents  C.  M.  B, 
and  A.  B.  R.  :  but  as  the  latter  doubts  the  ex- 
istence of  a  "  Mrs.  Buss,"  and  suggests  that  the 
name  was  either  a  familiar  or  pet  name,  and  that 
Mrs.  Buss  might  still  be  Mrs.  Barry,  it  may  throw 
some  light  on  this  point  if  he  is  informed  that  a 
Roman  Catholic  family  named  Buss  was  for  some 
generations  located  at  Ufton,  and  not  Upton  (as 
stated  by  R.  O.  L.  (2"'*  S.  ii.  181.)  Some  of  them 
were  doubtless  tenants  to  the  Perkinses  of  Ufton 
Court,  as  I  know  they  were  to  the  succeeding  pro- 
prietors, and  they  are  not  yet  extinct  in  the 
neighbourhood.  If  any  members  of  the  Perkins 
family  were  connected  with  the  household  of  the 
Duke  of  York,  this  would  account'  for  the  em- 
ployment of  Mrs.  Buss  in  the  capacity  of  nurse. 

R.  W. 

Reading. 

General  Epistles  (2°^  S.  ii.  209.)  —  From  the 
time  of  Eusebius  seven  have  been  classed  toge- 
ther as  catholic  or  genei'al  epistles,  namely,  those 
of  James,  Peter,  Jolm,  and  Jude.  fficumenius 
{Proleg.  in  Jacob.)  treats  catholic  as  equivalent  to 
iyuvKMoi,  circular,  not  being  addressed  to  one  per- 
son, city,  or  church  separately,  in  which  Leontius 


(De  Sectis,  cap.  ii.)  concurs.  Noesselt  has  adopted 
an  opinion  {Armot.  in  Jacob.)  that  it  was  equiva- 
lent to  uncanonical.  Others  fancy  that  they  were 
called  catholic  because  agreeing  with  the  catholic 
church.  The  opinion  of  (Ecumenius  and  Leon- 
tius is  also  that  of  Clement  of  Alexandria  and 
Origen.  See  Davidson's  Introd.  N.  T.,  iii..296 — 
302.,  where  the  conflicting  views  of  the  best 
critics  are  discussed  as  to  the  more  modern  use 
of  the  term  catholic.  It  is  to  be  observed  that 
the  second  and  third  of  John,  being  epistles  to 
private  persons,  were  not  styled  catholic  at  first, 
but  "were  added  to  1  Peter,  1  John,  and  Jude, 
when  the  term  catholic  seems  to  have  acquired 
another  meaning." 

The  Epistle  of  Peter  was  not  addressed  to 
Gentiles,  his  mission  being  confined  to  the  He- 
brews, some  of  whom  he  calls  the  dispersed  so- 
journing as  strangers  in  Pontus,  Galatia,  &c.  (1  Pet. 
i.  1.).  Compare  John  vii.  35.,  where  also  Hebrews 
are  meant,  and  not  Gentiles. 

In  the  Gamara  to  the  Babylonian  as  well  as  to 
the  Jerusalem  Mishnah  (Sanhedr.  c  i.)  "  the  sons 
of  the  exile  or  dispersion  of  Babylon  "  are  men- 
tioned, so  also  "  the  sons  of  the  dispersion  of 
Media,"  and  "  the  sons  of  the  dispersion  of 
Greece."  These  had  a  chief,  through  whom  of- 
ficial communications  were  made  with  the  au- 
thorities in  Jerusalem  (Joseph.  Ant.  xviii.  8.,  xix. 
5.  7.),  The  Arabarchus  of  Juvenal  (i.  130.)  was 
a  Nni^J  EJ'n,  "  Prince  of  the  dispersion"  at  Alex- 
andria.    (Confer.  Cicero,  Ep.  ad  Attic,  ii.  17.) 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 
Lichfield. 

Thomas  Simon  (2°''  S.  ii.  115.) — I  am  disap- 
pointed in  not  finding  any  notice  of  Thomas  Si- 
mon in  my  lists  of  French  refugees.  It  may, 
however,  be  useful  to  Anon,  to  know  that  Pierre, 
son  of  Pierre  Simon,  native  of  London,  was  mar- 
ried to  Anne  Germain,  daughter  of  the  late  Gilles 
Germain  of  Guernsey,  at  the  Walloon  Church  in 
Threadneedle  Street,  Sept.  12,  1611.  At  the 
Savoy  French  Chapel  are  the  two  following 
matches : 

"  Daniel  Simon  and  Ester  Ferrant,  1685. 
Mr.  Pierre  Simond  and  Susanne  Grotesse  de  la  Buf- 
fiere,  1725." 

Also: 

"  Daniel  Simon  and  Marthe  le  Page,  1695,  at  Hunger, 
ford  Chapel." 

"iPhilipe  Simon  and  Anne  Jacob,  W"  of  Pasquier  Henrie, 
1610,  at  the  London  Walloon  Church.".' 

"Pierre  Simon  and  Eliz.  Cook,  1705,  Southampton 
French  Church." 

J.  S.  Burn. 

Crooked  Naves  (2"^  S.  i.  158.)  —  The  church 
of  the  Holy  Trinity  at  Stratford-upon-Avon  is  an 
instance  of  this  peculiarity  of  structure.  A.  B. 

Hamilton  Terrace. 


2nd  s.  No  40.,  Oct.  4.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIED 


277 


Battle  of  Brunnanhurg  (2°i  S.  li.  229.)  —Be- 
sides the  statement  by  Sharon  Turner,  alluded  to 
by  your  correspondent,  that  Anlaff,  the  Nor- 
wegian, "entered  the  Humber,  with  a  fleet  of 
615  ships,"  immediately  previous  to  the  battle  of 
Brunnanburg,  he  makes  another  statement,  a  few 
pages  further  on,  under  date  941,  that  Anlaff  re- 
newed his  attack  in  that  year,  and  "  landed  at  the 
White  Wells,  where  the  broad  stream  of  the  Hum- 
ber flowed."  This  seems  to  give  an  additional 
probability  to  his  having  sailed  up  that  river  in 
934.  Turner  supposes  that  the  battle  of  Brun- 
nanhurg was  fought  in  Northumbria,  and  Thierry 
fixes  the  locality  at  Bamborough.  The  editor  of 
the  new  edition  of  William  of  Malmsbury  says, 
"  it  is  called  Brumby  in  the  Saxon  Chronicle,  and 
was  probably  not  far  from  the  Humber."  Ethel- 
wercTs  Chronicle  says,  "  it  was  fought  at  Brunan- 
dune"  which  a  late  editor  says  was  at  Brumby,  in 
Lincolnshire,  It  is  admitted  that  the  people  of 
Mercia  were  engaged  in  this  conflict,  and  that 
North-humberland  and  North  Mercia  are  often 
mistaken  one  for  the  other.  A  note  in  the  new 
edition  of  Ingulphus  says,  "  Brunenburgh  near  the 
banks  of  the  Humber.  Ingulphus  calls  it  Brun- 
ford.  There  is  good  reason  to  suppose  that  Burn- 
ham,  in  the  parish  of  Thornton  Curtis,  near  the 
Humber,  was  the  scene  of  this  battle.  A  work 
now  preparing  for  the  press,  relative  to  Barton- 
on-the-Humber  and  its  neighbourhood  will  pro- 
bably throw  much  light  upon  the  subject. 

PisHEY  Thompson. 

"  A  Peep  nt  the  Wiltshire  Assizes  "  (2"'i  S.  ii. 
229.)  —  In  reply  to  the  Query  of  R.  H.  B.  I  trou- 
ble you  to  acquaint  him  that  somewhere  about 
thirty-three  years  ago,  a  lady  lent  me  the  book  of 
which  he  speaks  ;  and  she  told  me  it  was  given  to 
her  by  the  author,  whom  she  knew  intimately,  and 
who  was  an  attorney  at  Salisbury,  and  that  his 
name  was  But.  Or  it  might  probably  have  been 
spelled  with  double  t,  but  of  that  I  do  not  know, 
nor  do  I  recollect  his  Christian  name,  although 
she  told  me.  T.  L.  Mobbitt. 

Maidstone. 

Mr.  Leeming's  Picture  at  Hereford  Cathedral 
(2"'^  S.  i.  354.)  —  Mr.  Leeming  came  to  Hereford 
as  a  portrait  painter,  was  very  successful,  and 
personally  mucli  respected;  he  married  a  Here- 
ford lady,  and  died  early.  The  picture  repre- 
sented the  Saviour  bearing  his  Cross  ;  the  restora- 
tion of  the  cathedral  made  its  removal  necessary, 
and  your  correspondent  will  find  it  put  aside  in 
the  chapter  room,  and.  If  I  mistake  not,  in  some 
jeopardy  of  being  injured,  llunning  the  same 
risk  in  the  same  lumber-room  (for,  though  the 
chapter-room,  it  is  now  little  better),  is  a  most 
curious  map  of  the  world  drawn  before  America 
was  discovered,  and  having  Jerusalem  in  the 
centre.    This  misinterpretation  of  Ezekiel  v.  5.  is 


referred  to  in  Mills'  Crusades,  but  I  cannot  novr 
lay  my  hand  upon  the  book. 

I  need  hardly  say  that  here,  as  in  other  in» 
stances,  heathen  mythology  has  drawn  from  Scrip* 
ture  truth,  and  made  it  folly.  Hence  the  tradition 
as  to  Delphi : 

"  irAp  /m^o-ov  oii^aK6v."  —  PJncl.  Pi/th.,  iv.  74, ;  Coll.  Ad. 
Tyr.,  893. ;  Eur.  Ion.,  231. ;  Ov,  Met,  x.  167. 

Effigies. 
Stamford. 

Merry  England  (2"'^  S.  ii.  3.  219.)  —  Mb. 
Keightley's  attention  is  called  to  the  Illustrations 
of  the  Lives  and  Writings  of  Gower  and  Chaucer, 
by  the  Rev.  H.  J.  Todd  (1810),  in  the  concluding, 
notes  to  which  will  be  found  an  ingenious  and 
elaborate  criticism  on  the  word  "  merry,"  by  "  the 
learned  Master  of  Caius  College,  Cambridge," 
He  quotes  many  passages  from  Chaucer,  and  other 
old  English  poets  ;  he  also  refers  to  Psalm  Ixxxi. 
2.,  "the  pleasant  harp"  (Bible  version),  "the 
merry  harp  "  (Prayer  book  version) ;  and  comes 
to  the  conclusion  since  formed  by  Mb.  Keighti,ey, 
that  "  merry  "  was  used  in  the  sense  of  "  pleasant, 
cheerful,  agreeable." 

In  an  article  by  me  called  "  Is  the  Nightingale's 
song  merry  or  melancholy  ? "  and  published  in 
Sharpens  Magazine,  vol.  ii.  New  Series,  p.  281., 
will  be  found  (as  a  foot  note)  the  substance  of  the 
lengthy  disquisition  on  the  word  merry  by  the 
Rev.  H.  J.  Todd,  and  "the  Master  of  Caius," 
whose  name  I  did  not  then  know  :  it  was  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Davy.  Cuthbeet  Bede. 

English  Words  terminating  in  "  -iV  (2"'^  S.  ii. 
47.  119.)  — Besides  those  already  mentioned  by 
T.  J.  P],  and  E.  C.  H.,  four  such  words  occur  to 
me,  viz.  fusil,  pasquil,  instil,  and  distil.      E.  H,  A. 

Superstition  about  Human  Hair  (2""^  S.  ii.  .386, 
387.)  —In  The  Pirate  (vol.  ii.  pp.  135,  136.,  Ca- 
dell's  edit.,  Edinburgh,  1831,  Noma  of  the  Fitful 
Head  sings  to  the  Spirit  of  the  Winds  : 

"  To  appease  thee,  see,  I  tear 
This  full  grasp  of  grizzled  hair ; 
Oft  thy  breath  I'lath  through  it  sung, 
Softening  to  my  magic  tongue,  — 
Now,  His  thine  to  bid  it  fly 
Through  the  wide  expanse  of  sky, 
'Mid  the  countless  swarms  to  sail, 
Of  wild-fowl  wheeling  on  thy  gale ; 
Take  thy  portion  and  rejoice,  — 
Spirit,  thou  hast  heard  my  voice ! " 
"  Noma   accompanied    these  words  with  the  action 
which   they  described,   tearing  a   handful  of  hair    with 
vehemence  from  her  head,  and  strewing  it  upon  the  wind 
as  she  continued  her  recitation.     She  then  shut  the  case- 
ment," &c. 

Here  the  sacrifice  of  human  hair  is  used  by 
Noma  after  she  fails  to  find  the  heart-formed 
piece  of  lead,  the  object  of  her  incantation,  and  to 
appease  the  Spirit  of  the  Storm.  The  superstition 


278 


*^OTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  NO  40.,  Oct.  4,  '56. 


is,  no  doubt,  the  same  as  that  referred  to  by 
Fouque  in  Sintram  and  his  Companions ;  although 
there  the  lock  of  the  hero's  hair  is  used  to  raise, 
not  still,  the  storm.  Sir  Walter  probably  used  the 
superstition  to  suit  his  own  purposes  in  the  novel. 
Is  it  known  whether  this  superstition  did  or  does 
Still  exist  in  the  Shetland  Islands  ?  C.  D.  L. 

How  to  frighten  Dogs  (l"  S.  vii.  240.)  —  With 
reference  to  the  device  adopted  by  Ulysses  to 
frighten  the  dogs  of  Ithaca,  and  which  is  said  to 
be  still  in  use  in  Greece  and  Albania,  I  may  state 
that  I  have  myself  seen  a  Malay  at  Singapore 
squat  down  with  his  back  towards  a  strange  dog, 
and  look  at  him  from  between  his  legs.  In  this 
instance,  the  experiment  was  perfectly  successful, 
as  the  brute  scampered  off  in  a  fright,  looking 
back  now  and  then  to  see  what  sort  of  monster  it 
was  which  carried  his  head  in  that  unwonted 
place.  But  I  have  heard  that  once  a  Malay 
playing  the  trick  before  an  English  bull-dog,  was 
seized  hold  of  in  that  part  of  him  which  was  pre- 
sented conspicuously  to  "  bully."  H.  E.  W. 

Bev.  Charles  Hotham  (2""*  S.  ii.  10.)  —  In  an- 
swer to  the  inquiry  of  C.  H.  and  Thompson 
Cooper,  I  transcribe  the  following  particulars 
from  Dr.  Calamy's  Account  of  the  Ejected  Mi- 
nisters : 

"  Son  to  Sir  John  Hotham,  was  sometime  Fellow  of 
Peter  House  in  Cambridge,  and  Proctor  of  the  University 
[1646].  An  excellent  scholar,  both  in  divinity  and 
human  literature.  A  great  philosopher  and  searcher  into 
the  secrets  of  nature,  and  much  addicted  to  chymistry. 
After  his  ejectment  [from  the  rectory  of  Wigan  in  Lan- 
cashire] he  went  to  the  West  Indies,  but  returned  to 
England.  In  his  younger  years  he  had  studied  judicial 
astrology,  but  gave  express  orders  in  his  will  that  all  his 
papers  and  books  relating  to  that  art  should  be  burned." 

—  Vol.ii.  p.413. 

Joshua  Wilson. 
Tunbridge  Wells. 

Germination  of  Seeds  (2"*  S.  ii.  117.  198.  239.) 

—  Has  T.  W.  ever  observed  the  growth  of  wild 
camomile  in  places  where  habitations  have  been, 
sometimes  marking  the  precise  ground-plan  of 
the  buildings  ?  I  have  repeatedly  noticed  these 
square  patches  in  various  parts  of  England,  and  I 
have  reason  to  think  that  in  more  than  one  in- 
stance they  mark  the  site  of  buildings  belonging 
to  a  very  remote  period ;  in  one  instance  that  of  a 
Roman  villa.  I  do  not  pretend  to  account  for 
this,  but  I  think  it  might  be  a  guide  to  the  ar- 
chaeologist in  making  excavations.  G.  M.  Z. 

Kenilworth. 

Premature  Interments  (2"^  S.  ii.  233.) — Arterus 
sends  a  cutting  respecting  Dr.  Graham  and  a  lady 
being  buried  for  six  hours  in  his  earth  bath.  This 
reminds  me  that  in  Moore's  Diary,  &c.,  it  is  as- 
serted that  the  young  lady  who  was  Dr.  Graham's 
*'  assistant "  on  these  occasions  was  no  other  than 


the  afterwards  beautiful,  and  unfortunate.  Lady 
Hamilton.  Can  any  of  your  readers  tell  me  if  it 
was  so?  Moore  also  alludes  to  this  subject  in 
another  place,  where  he  says  that  one  of  our  poets, 
I  forget  which,  went  to  Malvern,  where  this  earth 
bath  had  been  established ;  and  as  the  poet  could 
not  find  auditors  to  hear  his  lines,  he  revenged 
himself  by  reading  his  productions  to  the  in- 
dividuals who  were  earthed  up  to  the  neck,  feeling 
assured  that  if  his  audience  were  not  delighted,  at 
least,  they  were  patient  listeners.  Bag. 

Modern  Judaism  (2°''  S.  ii.  148.)  —  I  would 
refer  the  querist  on  this  subject  to  The  Transac- 
tions of  the  Parisian  Sanhedrim  (1807),  which  was 
convened  by  the  great  Napoleon,  for  the  purpose 
of  obtaining  some  official  definition  of  modern 
Judaism,  at  least  as  far  as  the  French  Jews  were 
concerned.  Grace  Aguilar's  works  could  also  be 
read  with  advantage  and  interest. 

GOODWYN  BARMnr. 

"  Servers;'  "  Blawn-sheres"  "  Sewells,"  8fc.  (2»'i 
S.  ii.  65.  237.)  —  My  authority  for  reading  the 
word  sewells  I  transcribe  for  Q.  from  Ellis's 
Letters,  2nd  Series,  vol.  ii.  p.  61.  (the  original  is  in 
Cotton  MS.  Faust,  vii.  205.)  : 

"  We  fownde  one  Mr.  Grenefelde,  a  gentilman  of  Buk- 
ynghamsliire,  getheryng  up  part  of  the  said  bowke  leiffs 
(as  he  saide),  there  to  make  him  sewells  or  blawn-  sherrs 
to  kepe  the  dere  within  the  woode,  thereby  to  have  the 
better  cry  with  his  liowndes." 

The  passage  I  had  already  inserted  in  my  "  Wil- 
liam of  Wykeham  and  his  Colleges." 

Mackenzie  Walcott,  M.A. 

Engraved  Portraits  (2"'^  S.  ii.  210.)  — There  is 
now  in  course  of  publication  La  Manuel  de 
L'A  mateur  D'Estampes,  contenant  Un  Dictionnaire 
des  Graveurs,  et  un  Repertoire  des  Etampes,  etc. ; 
Un  Dictionnaire  des  Monogrammes  des  Graveurs,  et 
une  Table  Methodique  des  Etampes  decrites  par 
M.  A.  L.  Blanc  :  Paris,  chez  P.  Jannet,  Rue  de 
Richelieu,  en  Livraisons.  7  or  8  livraisons  are  at 
present  in  publication.  The  work  is  very  copious  : 
full  of  information,  and  of  course  useful  to  the 
collector.  It  is  far  more  extensive  than  Bromley, 
or  than  the  Catalogue  of  the  Evanses.  C.  F. 

"Standing  in  another's  Shoes"   (2°''  S.  ii.  187.) 
—  Probably  this  phrase,  or  its  equivalent,  may  be 
found  in  many  languages  ;  the  legal  use   of  the 
shoe  is  of  remote  antiquity.     We  read  in  Ruth, ' 
iv.  7. : 

"  Now  this  was  the  manner  in  former  time  in  Israel 
concerning  redeeming  and  concerning  changing,  for  to 
confirm  all  things :  a  man  plucked  off  his  shoe,  and  gave 
it  to  his  neighbour;  and  this  was  a  testimony  in  Israel." 

So,  likewise,  in  Psalms,  Ix.  8. :  "  Over  Edom  will 
I  cast  out  my  shoe,"  —  God's  promise  to  David  of 
victory  over  the  Edomite  :  vide  2  Sam.  viii.  14. 

Delta. 


2nd  s.  N"  40.,  Oct.  4.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


279 


Early  Illustrated  English  Versions  of  Ariosto 
(2"*^  S.  ii.  173.) — The  first  English  translation  of 
Ariosto  is  that  of  Sir  John  Harington,  of  which 
the  following  is  the  title  :  — 

"  Orlando  Furioso  in  English  Heroical  "Verse,  by  John 
Ilaringto.  Imprinted  at  London,  by  Richard  Field, 
dwelling  in  the  Black-friers  by  Ludgate,  1591.  Folio, 
pp.  49G." 

The  title  is  in  the  middle  of  a  neat  frontispiece, 
well  executed,  by  Coxon  ;  in  which  are  introduced 
portraits  of  Harinoton  and  Ariosto  ;  full-length 
figures  of  Mars,  Venus,  and  Cupid.  There  are 
other  ornamental  devices,  and  a  portrait  of  the 
author's  favourite  dog,  to  which  an  allusion  is 
made  in  the  notes  to  Book  xli.  Each  book  is  pre- 
ceded by  a  curious  engraving,  showing  the  prin- 
cipal incidents  described  by  the  poet  at  one  view. 

It  was  again  "  Imprinted  at  London,  by  Richard 
Field,  for  John  Norton  and  Simon  Waterson, 
1607;"  and  "  now  thirdly  revised  and  amended, 
with  the  addition  of  the  author's  Epigrams : 
London,  printed  by  G.  Miller,  for  J.  Parker,  1634." 
The  frontispiece  to  the  third  edition  was  re-en- 
graved, and  the  portraits  and  figures  reversed. 
The  other  prints  are  from  the  same  copper-plates, 
but  have  undergone  the  process  of  re-touching. 
Edward  F.  Rimbault. 

Mortuaries  (2"'^  S.  ii.  172.)  — 

"  Mortuaries.  —  The  second  best  animal  was  of  old  paid 
upon  the  death  of  any  person  to  the  incumbent,  in  satis- 
faction for  all  tithes  designedly  or  undesignedly  sub- 
tracted by  the  deceased  during  his  lifetime.  But  now,  by 
Stat.  Hen.  VIII.  c.  6.,  no  man  shall  pay  a  mortuary  except 
he  died  possessed  of  goods  to  the  value  of  ten  marks.  If 
he  have  ten  marks,  but  under  30/.,  he  shall  pay  3s.  6c?. ; 
if  above  30/.  and  under  40/.,  then  6s.  8d. ;  if  above  40/. 
then  he  shall  pay  10s. ;  but  nowhere  more  than  hath  been 
accustomed."  —  Johnson's  Vade  Mecnm,  i.  255.  [203.] 

I  presume  mortuaries  are  seldom  claimed,  ex- 
cept where  persons  die  worth  40Z.  They  are  due 
to  the  clergyman  of  the  parish  where  such  persons 
die.  I  have  myself  claimed  and  received  them  for 
parishioners  who  have  been  burled  elsewhere. 

E.  h.  a. 

Sir  Edmund  Andros  (2"''  S.  ii.  209.)  — -  Ancient 
family  records  confirm  the  truth  of  the  on  dit 
given  by  Mb.  Hopper,  in  reference  to  the  first 
Andros,  who  settled  in  Guernsey.  His  Christian 
name  was  "  John,"  and  he  accompanied  Sir  Peter 
Meautis  thither,  in  the  capacity  of  his  lieutenant, 
A.D.  1543. 

The  said  "  John,"  great-grandfather  of  Sir  Ed- 
mund Andros,  figures  at  the  root  of  the  family 
pedigree  as  John  Andros,  or  Andrews,  born  at 
Northampton.  No  mention,  however,  is  made  of 
the  purticidar  family  of  either  of  those  names  from 
whom  this  ancestor  of  the  present  Guernsey  fa- 
mily descends.  The  circumstance  of  its  having 
from  time  immemorial  borne  the  former  name  is, 
doubtless,  attributable  to  the  fact  that  Aftidros  is 


better  adapted  to  the  pronunciation  of  the  natives 
of  the  island  than  Andrews,  the  w  of  which  —  a 
stranger  to  their  language  —  is  denied  the  hospitable 
privilege  of  naturalisation. 

A  family  of  the  name  of  Andrews,  or  Andrew, 
of  Northampton,  bears  the  same  arms  as  those  of 
Andros,  or  Andrews,  of  Guernsey,  but  heretofore, 
as  already  stated,  of  Northampton.  But  this  re- 
markable coincidence  leads  to  the  probability, 
rather  than  to  the  certainty,  of  the  fact  that  the 
ancestors  of  the  latter  family  were  originally  of 
the  house  of  the  former.  C.  A. 

"  Take  a  hair  of  the  dog  that  bit  you  "  (2"'»  S.  ii. 
239.)  —  For  the  information  of  11.  W.  B.  I  send 
the  following.  As  the  song  is  very  short  I  send 
you  the  whole  of  it ;  the  date  of  the  same  may  be 
surmised  from  its  reference  to  Lilly  the  astro- 
loger : 

"  If  any  so  wise  is  that  sack  he  despises. 
Let  him  drink  his  small  beer  and  be  sober, 
And  while  we  drink  and  sing.  As  if  it  were  spring. 
He  shall  droop  like  the  trees  in  October. 
But  be  sure,  over  night,  if  this  dog  you  do  bite, 
You  take  it  henceforth  for  a  warning. 
Soon  as  out  of  your  bed,  to  settle  your  head, 
With  a  hair  of  his  tail  in  the  morning. 

"  Then  be  not  .so  silly  To  follow  old  Lilly, 
There's  nothing  but  sack  that  can  tune  us, 
Let  his  Ne  assuescas  be  put  in  his  cap-case, 
Sing  Bibito  Vinum  Jejtimis. 
Then  if  any  so  wise  is,  &c." 

Dot. 

It  appears  that  our  amusing  diarist  derived  a 
benefit  from  this  proverbial  recipe.  Pepys  says, 
under  April  3,  1661  : 

"  Up  among  my  workmen,  my  head  akeing  all  day 
from  last  night's  debauch.  At  noon  dined  with  Sir  W. 
Batten  and  Pen,  who  would  have  me  drink  two  good 
draughts  of  sack  to-day,  to  cure  me  of  my  last  night's 
disease,  which  I  thought  strange,  but  I  think  find  it 
true." 

J.  Y. 

"  Stunt"  (2"'^  S.  ii.  237.)  —  Ray  gives  the  s*ame 
definition  of  this  word  as  Halliwell  does,  and  derives 
It  from  the  A.-S.  stunt,  which  Bosworth  explains  to 
mean  blunt,  stupid,  foolish.  Ray  calls  it  a  Lin- 
colnshire word.  He  hints  at  its  derivation  from 
the  verb  to  stand ;  and  In  Lincolnshire  anything 
which  seems  to  have  stopped  short  of  its  full  growth 
is  called  stunted  or  stinted.  The  proverb,  ''''He's  as 
stunt  as  a  burnt  'wong,^'  is  rendered  In  the  south- 
eastern division  of  Lincolnshire  "  as  tough  as  a 
burnt  wong;"  wong  {thong')  meaning  a  slip  of  lea-  • 
ther,  generally  whit-leather.  One  of  the  meanings 
o{  tough,  as  given  by  Webster,  is  stiff,  not  flexible; 
and  certainly  a  leather  wong  that  had  been  burnt 
and  shrivelled  up  would  be  anything  but  flexible  ; 
it  would  be  stifi",  stunt,  and  obstinate  to  change. 

PisHET  Thompson. 

Stoke  Newington. 


280 


NOTES  AND  QUEBIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  40.,  Oct.  4.  '56. 


The  House  of  Brunswick  and  the  Casting  Vote 
(2"''  S.  ii.  44.  97.  198.)  —  I  have  received  a  com- 
munication from  Mr.  Richard  Sainthill,  of  Cork, 
in  which  he  informs  me  that  he  has  in  his  posses- 
sion the  second  edition  of  a  work  entitled  A  His- 
tory of  the  House  of  Brunswick,  and  bearing  the 
date  of  1716.  In  this  work,  from  the  .345  th  to  the 
348th  page  is  occupied  by  a  list  of  the  "  ayes  " 
and  "  noes "  in  the  memorable  division  which 
placed  the  Elector  of  Hanover  on  the  throne  of 
these  realms.  The  list  is  printed  in  two  parallel 
columns,  and  stands  thus:  "Ayes  118,  noes  117." 
At  the  bottom  of  the  list  of  ayes  are  the  following 
names : 

"  Sir  Arthur  Owen,  Bart. 

Griffith  Rice,  Esq. 
Tellers, 

Sir  John  Holland. 

Sir  Matthew  Dudley." 

As  there  is  no  alphabetical  order  or  precedence 
of  rank  in  the  list,  it  is  to  be  presumed  that  the 
names  were  set  down  in  the  order  of  voting.  This 
statement,  taken  in  connexion  with  Debrett's  nar- 
rative, ought,  in  my  humble  opinion,  to  settle  the 
question.  John  Pavin  Phillips. 

Haverfordwest. 

Mankind  and  their  Destroyers  (2"'^  S.  ii.  210.) 
—  The  following  passage,  though  not  exactly 
in  the  same  words,  nor  by  a  French  writer,  em- 
bodies so  completely  the  idea  expressed  in  the 
sentence  quoted  by  A.  P.  S.,  that  I  am  led  to  be- 
lieve that  it  may  be  the  one  of  which  he  is  in 
search : 

"  As  long  as  mankind  shall  continue  to  bestow  more 
liberal  applause  on  their  destroyers  than  on  their  bene- 
factors, the  thirst  of  military  glory  will  ever  be  the  vice 
of  the  most  exalted  characters."  —  Gibbon's  Decline  and 
Fall,  chap.  I. 

I  believe  that  it  is  Franklin  who  has  a  remark 
(where?)  to  the  effect  that  when  man  destroys 
maivhe  attaches  no  shame  to  the  deed,  and  per- 
forms it  openly  in  the  light  of  day  (except  fe^a 
fear  of  punishment)  ;  but  that  \i?1ien  the  questicm 
is  to  create  one,  he  hides  himself  in  holes  and 
corners.  Man  is  not  the  only  animal  to  whom 
the  remark  applies ;  and  I  cite  it  as  suggesting 
inquiry  and  reflection  upon  an  obscure  and  neg- 
lected point  in  psychological  science. 

William  Bates. 

Birmingham. 

Winchester  Epitaphs  (2"-*  S.  ii.  195.)— Will 
Mb.  Gunner  oblige  me  by  ascertaining  whether 
the  memorial,  said  to  have  been  inscribed  on  brass 
to  Sir  Henry  Seymour  of  Marwell,  co.  Hants,  and 
to  his  wife  Barbara,  is  still  extant  in  Winchester 
Cathedral?  Or  whether  there  is  any  register 
there  that  would  give  the  dates  of  their  burial  ? 
Sir  Henry  died  about  the  year  1578. 

Patonce. 


Illustrations  of  the  Simplon  (2"^  S.  ii.  211.)  — 
Does  H.  J.  refer  to  Brockedon's  Passes  of  the 
Alps,  published  in  or  about  the  year  which  he 
mentions  (1823)  ?  H.  E.  Cabrington. 

Chronicle  Office,  Bath. 


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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


281 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  U.  1856. 
GOTZ   VON    BERLICHINGEN    WITH    THE    lEON   HAND. 

To  English  readers  this  personage  is  well  known 
as  the  hero  of  Goethe's  tragedy  of  that  name, 
translated  by  Sir  Walter  Scott,  in  1799.  He 
nourished  in  the  reign  of  Maximilian  I.,  and  is 
represented  as  a  zealous  chann)ion  for  the  privi- 
leges of  the  free-knights,  in  opposition  to  the 
princes  and  bishops.  In  consequence  of  the  feuds 
m  which  he  was  engaged  (contrary  to  the  Edict 
of  1495),  he  was  repeatedly  laid  under  tlie  ban  of 
the  Empire.  This  is  all  we  learn  of  him  from 
Scott's  meagre  preface  to  his  translation,  but  he 
refers  to  a  Life  of  Gotz  published  at  Nuremberg 
in  1731,  and  to  Meusel's  Inquiry  into  History, 
vol.  iv.  Goethe  terms  Gotz  "the  mirror  of  knight- 
hood, noble  and  merciful  in  prosperity,  dauntless 
and  true  in  misfortune."  However  true  this  may 
be,  the  excesses  committed  by  the  forces  under 
his  guidance  obtained  him  a  very  evil  reputation 
among  the  religious  communities  whose  buildings 
or  treasures  were  spoliated  by  the  undisciplined 
mob.  A  remarkable  and  interesting  piece  of  evi- 
dence on  this  subject  is  afforded  by  a  memorandum 
made  in  a  Latin  Evangeliary  of  the  fourteenth 
century,  formerly  belonging  to  the  monastery  of 
Amerbach,  not  far  from  Nordlingen,  in  Bavaria, 
which  was  sold  by  auction  a  few  years  since  at 
Puttick  and  Simpson's  rooms,  in  which  the  follow- 
ing testimony  is  recorded  against  the  iron-handed 
champion  : 

"Anno  do.  1525,  facta  est  desolacio  hujus  libri,  auro, 
argento,  gemmisqiie  tecti,  in  vigilia  P[h]ilippi  et  Jacobi, 
a  quodatn  nobilitaris  {sic)  titulo  insignito,  Goez  de  Ber- 
lingen  nomine,  et  alio  rnsticanas  fecis  antesignano,  Georgio 
a  Ballenbergk ;  lanio  arte,  factis  vero  et  artibus  homine 
pertido,  latrone,  et  proprii  honoris  prodigo ;  cleri,  nobili- 
tatis,  ac  proprii  doniini,  contra  evangelicas  tocius  qiioque 
naturalis  legis  sanctiones  persequutore  infestissimo ;  ec- 
clesiarum  insuper  et  religiosorum  locorum  devastatore  et 
exterminatore  atrocisslmo." 

The  damaged  state  of  the  volume,  bereft  of  its 
costly  covering  of  gold,  silver,  and  gems,  and  with 
some  of  the  leaves  sacrilegiously  torn  out,  may 
perhaps  be  considered  to  have  afforded  sufRcient 
provocation  to  counterbalance  the  exceeding 
wrath  and  bad  Latin  of  the  monkish  writer  of  the 
memorandum,  who'  may  very  possibly  have  been 
the  librarian  of  Amerbach,  when  the  ruthless 
hands  of  Gotz  or  his  men  were  laid  on  the  vo- 
lume. In  recent  times,  however,  the  library  of 
Amerbach  has  been  subjected  to  still  greater  de- 
vastation, and  the  manuscripts,  I  believe,  entirely 
dispersed.  Many  of  these,  after  a  devious  course, 
have  found,  by  my  means,  a  resting-place  in  the 
British  Museum  ;  where,  it  is  to  be  hoped,  no  bad 
imitator  of  the  iron-fisted  Gotz  von  Berlichingen, 
or  his  followers,  may  violate  their  integrity. 

F.  Madden. 


PETITIONS    OP   DK.    TITDS    GATES. 

Dr.  Titus  Gates  is  a  name  which  in  English 
history  will  be  handed  down  to  posterity  covered 
with  obloquy :  his  daring  insinuations,  and  the 
pertinacity  with  which  he  adhered  to  them ;  in 
short,  his  villanous  perjuries,  which  involved  in 
disgrace  and  ruin  many  innocent  persons,  under 
the  pretext  of  their  being  participators  in  the 
Popish  Plot,  have  earned  for  him  a  reputation 
worthy  only  of  himself;  he  is  known  to  us  but  to 
be  despised,  while  even  the  cruel  treatment  to 
which  he  was  submitted  will  not  gain  for  him  any 
pity.  To  all  readers  of  our  history  the  particulars 
of  the  celebrated  Popish  Plot  are  well  known,  and 
the  machinations  of  Dr.  Titus  Gates  have  been 
detailed  to  us  afresh  by  Mr.  Macaulay  :  I  am  not 
therefore  about  to  speak  of  any  facts  with  which 
we  are  already  familiar,  but  shall  proceed  to  lay 
before  your  readers  two  petitions  of  Dr.  Gates  to 
the  king,  in  the  year  1697,  which  have  never,  to 
my  knowledge,  yet  been  published.  They  are 
now  deposited  in  the  Public  Record  Gffice.  The 
first  one  is  entirely  in  Gates's  handwriting ;  the 
other  is  neatly  written  on  a  large  open  sheet  of 
paper,  and  was  only  signed  by  him ;  the  signatures 
however  have  both  been  cut  out  at  some  time 
previously  to  the  documents  being  transferred 
from  the  Treasury  to  the  Public  Record  GfHce, 
but  when,  it  is  not  now  possible  to  determine. 

Charles  II.,  in  reward  of  G.ites's  services  in  dis- 
closing the  supposed  plot,  allowed  him  a  pension 
of  forty  pounds  per  month,  which  was  afterwards 
withdrawn ;  he  was  then  prosecuted  for  perjury, 
and  received  a  severe  sentence,  which  was  carried 
out  in  an  extreme  manner  (see  Macaulay's  HiS' 
tory  of  England,  vol.  i.  p.  484.).  Gn  the  accession 
of  William  III.  he  was  restored  to  his  pension, 
but  in  the  year  1693  the  payments  were  discon- 
tinued, and  he  made  repeated  applications  to  the 
king,  but  without  success ;  at  last  in  the  year 
1697  he  petitioned  the  king  thus  : 

"  May  it  please  yo"^  Ma*K 
"  I  throw  my  self  at  your  Mat>«^»  feet  and  humbly  begg 
that  you  would  graciously  be  pleased  to  take  my  de- 
plorable condition  into  your  Royal  Consideration,  I  having 
been  debarred  of  the  pension  your  Ma*'"  was  pleased  to 
restore  me  unto  at  your  accession  to  the  Crowne.  I  have 
contracted  severall  debts  for  which  I  am  everj'  day 
threatened  to  bee  cast  into  Prison,  and  T  there  must 
perish  unles  your  Ma""  of  your  Princely  goodness  do 
order  mee  the  sum  of  SOOli,  which  will  in  a  great  measure 
deliver  mee  and  save  my  poor  self  and  family  from  ruine 
and  distraction.  I  have  not  clothes  worthy  to  appeare 
before  your  Ma*!®,  and  therefore  I  humhly  present  this 
Memoriall  and  lay  it  at  your  Royall  Feet. 
"  I  am, 

"Sr, 

"  Yo''  Ma"''^  most  humble  and  Loyall 
and  DutifuU  subject  and  Servant." 
(In  dorso) 
"21  Apr.  1697.    Read. 
"  The  King  will  give  no  more  than  his  allowance." 


282 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  41.,  Oct.  11.  '56. 


This  petition  not  producing  the  desired  effect, 
Gates  presented  another  at  greater  length,  in 
which  he  gives  a  resume  of  his  proceedings  from 
the  commencement ;  thus : 

"  To  the  Kings  most  Excellent  Ma*y. 
"  The  deplorable  Case  and  humble 
Petition  of  D''.  Titus  Gates. 
"  Humbly  sheweth 
"  That  your  Pet""  in  the  year  1678  discover'd  a  horrid 
Popish  Conspiracy  for  y<=  destruction  of  King  Charles  2^, 
and  vo''  Ma«y  and  the  Protestant  Eeligion  within  these 
Kingdoms  and  all  over  Europe,  and  proved  it  so  fully  that 
severall  Parliam*'  and  Courts  of  Justice  before  whome  he 
gave  his  Testimony  declared  their  beleif  of  it  by  Publick 
Votes,  and  the  Condemnation  of  severall  of  y"  Conspira- 
tors. That  upon  this  Ace'  the  Popish  Party  pursued  yo"^ 
Pef  -w'h  an  implacable  Malice,  attempting  severall  times 
to  take  away  his  Life,  and  being  defeated  in  those  attempts, 
they  first  procured  the  s<i  King  Charles  2<i  to  with- 
draw that  Protection  and  subsistance  that  y"  s<i  King  had 
allowed  him  at  the  Eequest  of  Severall  Parlia*',  w<=h  was 
40"  p'  Month,  and  then  instigated  his  Royall  Highness 
the  Duke  of  York  to  prosecute  yo''  Pef  in  an  Action  of 
Scandalum  Magnatum  for  speaking  this  Notorious  Truth 
(viz)  That  y'=  s'l  Duke  of  Torke  was  reconcil'd  to  y'' 
Church  of  Rome,  and  that  it  is  high  Treason  to  be  so 
reconcil'd,  wherein  a  Verdict  and  Judgm'  for  100,000" 
Damages  were  obtain'd  against  yo'"  Pet"^,  and  yo''  Pef 

coiiiitted  to  y«  Kings  Bench  Prison y«  Popish 

party,  obtain'd  leave  from  King  Charles  2<^  to  p'ferr  Two 
severall  Indictm"  against  yo""  Pef  for  two  p'tended  Per- 
juries in  his  Evidence  concerning  ye  s"!  Conspiracy,  w'='' 
4hey  brought  on  to  a  Tryall  in  y"  Reign  of  King  James  2'', 
and  yo'^  Pef  upon  the  Testimony  of  those  very  Wittnesses 
who  had  confronted  him  in  three  former  Trj^alls,  and 
•were  disbeleiv'd  (through  y<=  partiall  behaviour  of  y" 
Chief  Justice  Jefferies,  in  browbeating  yo''  Pet"  Wittnesses, 
and  misleading  y"  Jurys)  was  convicted  of  y"  s<*  pretended 
Perjurys,  and  Receiv'd  this  inhumane  and  unparalel'd 
sentence  (viz.)  To  pay  2000  Markes  to  y«  King,  To  be 
devested  of  his  Cannonicall  Habit.  To  be  brought  into 
Westm''  Hall  w*  a  Paper  upon  his  Head  with  this  In- 
scription, Titus  Gates  Convict  upon  full  evidence  of  Two 
horrid  Perjurys.  To  stand  in  and  upon  y"  Pillory  two 
severall  days  for  y^  space  of  an  hour.  To  be  Whipt  by  y" 
Coiiion  Hangman  from  Allgate  to  Newgate  on  VVensday, 
and  Fryday  following  from  Newgate  to  Tyburn,  To  stand 
in  and  upon  y"  Pillory  five  times  every  yeare  of  his  life, 
and  to  remain  a  Prisoii  during  life. 

"  This  sentence  (as  yo'  Pef  beleives)  was  to  murder 
him,  and  was  Executed  accordingly  wth  all  y«  circum- 
stances of  Barbarity,  llee  having  sufFer'd  some  thousands 
of  Stripes,  whereby  he  was  put  to  unspeakable  Tortures, 
and  lay  Ten  weeks  under  y<=  Chyrurgions  hands.  Neither 
did  their  Malice  and  Cruelty  cease  here,  but  because  yo'' 
Pet'  (through  y"  mercy  of  God  supporting  him,  and  y* 
extraordinary  skill  of  a  Judicious  Chyrurgion)  outliv'd 
yt  barbarous  Useage,  some  of  them  got  into  his  Chamber, 
and  whilst  he  was  weak  in  Bed,  and  attempted  to  pull  off' 
his  Plaisters  apply'd  to  cure  his  Back  and  threatned  to 
destroy  him.  That  nothing  within  their  power  and 
malice  might  be  wanting  to  compleat  yo'  Pef^  misery, 
they  procured  him  to  be  loaded  w"'  Irons  of  Excessive 
weight,  for  one  whole  yeare  without  any  Intermission, 
even  when  his  Leggs  were  swollen  w'^  y"  Gout,  and  to  be 
shut  up  in  y  Hole  or  Dungeon  of  y"  s"!  Prison,  whereby 
he  became  impaired  of  his  Limbs,  and  contracted  convul- 
sion Fitts  to  y  hazard  of  his  Life.  All  which  illegall 
proceedings,  and  barbarous  Inhumanitys  were  not  only 
intended  against  yo'  Pet'  as  a  Revenge  upon  him,  but 


likewise  to  cast  a  Reproach  upon  y"  wisdome  and  honour 
of  fouer  successive  Parliam*'  who  had  given  him  Credit, 
and  upon  y<>  Publick  Justice  of  y^  Nation.    During  the 
time  that  this  Prosecution  was  upon  yo'  Pet',  severall 
Noblemen  and  Gentlemen,  Citizens  and  others  contri- 
buted 400"  p'  Anu  for  his  support  and  maintenance,  w'^'' 
yo'  Pet'  enjoy 'd  till  j'O'  Ma*y,  at  y  request  of  yo'  Ma'y 
Two  Houses  of  Parliam',  restored  to  him  yo'  Pet'  y"  s"i 
Pension  of  40"  p'  Month,  after  he  had  ben  depriv'd  thereof 
Nine  years,  to  his  losse  above  5000".     That  yo'  Pet'  en- 
joy'd  his  s^  Pension  ok40"  p'  month  from  Septemb'  1689 
to  Lady  day  1692.    Afterwards  yo'  Petr"  Pension  (under 
p'tence  that  y"  Subsidys  granted  to  yo'  Ma*y  for  carrying 
on  the  Warr  against  France  fell  short  of  yo'  Maty*  ex- 
pectation), and  was   retrench'd  at  y"  Instigation  of  S' 
Edward  Saymer,  and  yo'  Ma*y  being  then  in  Flanders 
yo'  Pet'  submitted  to  y^  Non  paym*  of  his  Pension,  till  y® 
return  of  yo'  Ma*y  from  thence.     That  in  y^  Month  of  Ja- 
nuary 169|  yo'  Pet'  made  his  humble  application  to  yo' 
Ma*y  that  his  Pension  of  40"  p'  Month  might  be  paid  him, 
and  yo'  Ma*y  was  graciously  pleas'd  to  tell  yo'  Pet'  that  y"= 
Pension  of  40"  p'  Month  should  be  continued,  and  con- 
stantly paid,  and  comanded  yo'  Pet'  to   depend  upon 
yo'  Ma*y  for  y  same,  and  yo'  Pet'  did  accordingly  de- 
pend upon  yo'  Ma'ys   Royall   promise  for  ordering  y<= 
same  to  be   paid:  But  when  yo'   Ma'y  was  gon  again 
for  Flanders  }-o'  Pet'  made  his   application   to  y"  L<i' 
Com"  of  y  Trea'y,  and  found  no  Order  given  for  y^ 
Paym*  of  y  s*  40"  p'  Month  to  y  great  astonishment  of 
y'  Pet',  he  judging  himself,  secure,  when  he  had  so  posi- 
tive a  promise  from  yo'  Ma'y.     That  upon  yo'  Ma'y^  re- 
storing yo'  Pet'  to  his  Pension,  yo'  Pet"  friends  judging 
him  to  be  provided  for,  thought  themselves  no  longer 
obleiged  to  contribute"  to  his  Maintenance,  so  that  he  is 
altogether  destitute  and  unprovided  for,  and  he  having 
run  in  debt  upon  y«  strength  of  yo'  Ma'y  Royall  promise 
the  suiTie  of  1600",  of  w'^''  he  has  receiv'd  the  suihe  of 
650",  w'^h  he  paid  to  his  Credit"  in  part,  and  for  y  rest 
he  fears  every  day  to  be  cast  into  Prison,  and  cannot  be 
Reliev'd  unless  by  yo'  IMa'y,  and  is  forced  to  leave  his 
house  for  feare  of  being  arrested  for  his  Debts,  for  w<^'' 
there  are   severall  Warr''  out  against  him.     That  yo' 
Pet'  made  his  application  to  j'o'  Ma'y    in  the  Yeares 
169|;  169|;  169|;  169f,  but  without  success,  and  was  in 
a  miserable  condition,  the}^  being  hard  Winters,  and  had 
a  poore  aged  Mother  to  maintain,  by  w"^''  means  he  is  run 
more  into  debt,  and  must  inevitablv  perish  unless  yo' 
Ma'y  shall  think  fitt  to  fulfill  yo'  Royall  word  to  yo' 
Pet',  and  pay  his  debts  in  lieu  of  these  six  years  being 
kept  out  of  his  Pension,  and  now  restore  him  again  to 
his   Pension  given  by  j'O'  Ma'y  at  y"  request  of  both 
Houses  of  Parliament.     That  yo'  Pet'  has  been  arrested 
for  debt,  and  was  taken  in  Execution,  and  doth  owne  y* 
he  has  receiv'd  650"  towards  paym'  of  his  debts,  but  is 
(w'li  all  severity)  pursued   for  j-"  remainder  by  his  s** 
Credit"  unless  all  be  paid  and  speedily  p'vented,  so  that 
his  Wife  and  Family  will  be  turn'd  out  of  dores,  and  yo' 
Pet'  perish  in  Prison,  w"^''  will  be  very  hard  after  five 
years  unjust  Imprisonm'  and  such  barbarous  usage  by  yo 
IMalice  of  y  Popish  party.     That  yo'  Pet'  has  no  estate 
of  his  own,  nor  any  Imploj'm'  to  support  him,  his  Pen- 
sion  being  his   whole   and   only   subsistence,   yo'   Pet' 
humbly  conceives  y*  yo'  Ma'y  will  judge  that  he  cannot 
live,  if  he  be  depriv'd  of  it,  or  any  part  thereof.    That  the 
Enemys  of  yo'  Ma'y  Governm',  who  have  expected  yo' 
Pet"  tluine  and  daily  desire  it,  Rejojce  at  y  depriving 
him  of  his  Pension. 

"  The  premises  considefd  Yo'  Pet'  throws  himself 
at  yo'  Ma'ys  Royall  feet,  and  prays  yo'  Ma'y  to 
take  his  deplorable  Case  into  yo'  Royall  con- 
sideration (since  yo'  Ma'y  has  obtain'd  an  Hon^i« 


2nd  g.  No  41.,  Oct.  11.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


283 


Peace),  so  that  j'C  Pet"^  may  receive  y®  Arriers 
of  his  Pension,  to  discharge  his  Debts,  and  that 
lie  maj'  be  Restor'd  to  his  Pension  of  40"  p' 
Month,  that  he  and  his  distressed  Family  may 
not  starve  for  want  of  Bread,  and  that  yo"^  poor 
Pef  may  not  give  yo"^  Ma'y  any  further  trouble. 
"And  yo"^  Pef  shall  ever  pray,  &c." 

[In  dorso.] 

"  D''  Gates, 
"  To  the  Treasury, 

"  To  be  layd  before  y«  K." 

In  tbe  Treasury  Minute  Book  for   1697,  we 
find,    among  the    proceedings   on   December   8, 
when  the  petition  was  read,  the  following  entry  : 
«  D'  Gates,  Peticon  read,  50"." 

And  on  July  15,  1698,  another  minute  was 
made  to  this  effect : 

"  D""  Gates  called  in,  my  Lords  tell  him  that  pursuant 
to  tlie  King's  command  he  is  to  have  500"  to  pay  his 
debts,  and  300"  p'  ann  from  Mids""  last,  during  his  and 
his  wife's  life,  out  of  the  Revenues  of  the  Post  Oifice,  and 
be  is  to  expect  noe  more  out  of  secret  service  money." 

On  August  15,  1698,  5001.  was  paid  to  Gates 
out  of  the  Exchequer,  in  pursuance  of  this  order. 
William  Heney  Haet. 

Albert  Terrace,  New  Cross. 


SHAKSPSAEIANA. 

Falstaff''s  Death.  —  If  one  is  but  vigilant  in 
newspaper  reading,  how  much  may  be  culled  from 
current  events  in  evidence  of  Shakspeare's  truth- 
fulness and  accuracy  in  dealing  with  human  na- 
ture. I  read  in  The  Times  of  Aug.  23,  1856,  in 
the  trial  of  Betsey  McMuIIen  for  the  murder  of 
her  husband,  the  following  facts  given  in  evidence. 

James  Dorien,  surgeon,  says  : 

"  Gn  Monday  before  his  death  a  little  sallowness  ap- 
peared on  his  skin.     Gn  Tuesday  this  was  well  developed, 

AHA.  he  picked  the  bed  clothes He  rambled  much  in  his 

conversation.    He  died  on  Wednesday  morning." 

Samuel  Taylor  Chadwick,  surgeon,  deposes  : 

"  I  have  attended  cases  of  gastro-enteritis  which  have 
proved  fatal.  It  is  frequently  followed  by  a  typhoid  fever, 
and  the  patients  are  out  of  their  minds,  and  clutch  at  the 
clothes." 

How  forcibly  is  one  reminded  of  Mrs.  Quickly's 
description  of  FalstaiTs  death  in  Hen.  V.  Act  II. 
Sc.  3. : 

"  For  after  I  saw  him  fumble  with  the  sheets,  &c.  I 
knew  there  was  but  one  way." 

Mr.  Chadwick  told  the  jury  that  this  complaint 
is  caused  by  "  alcohol  or  other  irritant  substances." 
Does  it  not  seem  to  follow  that  poor  Falstaff  fell 
a  victim  to  gastrO'enteritis  caused  by  excessive 
indulgence  in  sack,  &c.  ? 

C.  Mansfield  Ingleby. 

Birmingham. 


Hamlet,  Act  1.  Sc.  3.  (2°^  S.  ii.  206.)  —  I  can- 
not agree  with  Mr.  Inglebt  that  this  is  "  one  of 
the  most  certain  restorations  of  the  text  of  Shak- 
speare  that  has  ever  been  effected  by  the  reading 
and  ingenuity  of  critics."  For  I  think  that  un- 
likely to  be  a  correct  restoration  which  requires 
two  pages  of  print  to  render  it  intelligible,  while 
the  original  reading  may  be  shown  to  be  more 
proper  and  pregnant  in  two  lines. 

I  have  more  than  once  in  these  pages  endea- 
voured to  vindicate  the  correctness  of  the  Ji7^st 
folio,  and  the  more  I  study  it  the  more  thoroughly 
I  am  convinced  of  its  exceedingly  great  value. 
Most  people  confess  it  to  be  our  only  authority, 
but  strangely  enough  they  are  always  wishing  to 
meddle  with  its  text,  as  if  it  were  of  no  authority 
whatever  in  cases  where  (as  I  have  frequently 
shown  in  these  pages)  it  is  only  their  own  acumen 
which  is  at  fault.  Mk.  Ingleby  is  actually  worse 
than  many,  for  he  misquotes  the  text  of  the  first 
folio;  or,  perhaps  I  ought  to  say,  he  ignores  it, 
and  sets  up  the  first  quarto  in  its  place. 

The  passage  as  it  stands  in  my  first  folio  is  as 
follows,  literatim : 

"  Costly  thy  habit  as  thy  purse  can  buy ; 
But  not  exprest  in  fancie ;  rich,  not  gawdle : 
For  the  apparell  oft  proclaimes  the  man. 
And  they  in  France  of  the  best  ranclc  and  station, 
Are  of  a  most  select  and  generous  cheflf  in  that." 

A  cheff,  or  cheffc,  as  any  one  may  see  in  Skin- 
ner, is  a  measure  by  which  cloth  and  fine  lineu 
was  sold.  H.  C.  K. 

Rectoiy,  Hereford. 


Adulteration  of  Food  in  Shakspeare's  Day.  — 
At  this  present  time,  when  John  Bull  is  just  be- 
ginning to  be  alive  to  the  danger  of  eating  and 
drinking  poisoned  victuals,  it  becomes  interesting 
to  inquire  whether  these  malpractices  were  re- 
sorted to  by  dishonest  dealers  in  Shakspeare's 
day.  I  say  by  dishonest  ones,  for  it  is,  no  doubt, 
quite  a  modern  custom  for  honest  ones  to  sell  a 
scorpion  for  a  fish,  or  a  stone  for  a  loaf  of  bread. 

In  1  Henry  IV.,  Act  II.  Sc.  4.,  we  find  an  al- 
lusion to  the  practice  of  adulterating  sack  with 
lime : 

"  Falstaff.  You  rogue,  there  is  lime  in  this  sack  too : 
There  is  nothing  but  roguer}"-  to  be  found  in  villainous 
man :  Yet  a  coward  is  worse  than  a  cup  of  sack  with  lime 
in  it." 

Again  in  The  Alchemist,  Act  I.  Sc.  1.,  Face  speaks 
of  the  excellent  quality  of  the  tobacco  sold  by 
Drugger : 

"  He  does  not 
Sophisticate  it  with  sack-lees  or  oil, 
Nor  washes  it  in  muscadel  and  grains, 
Nor  buries  it  in  gravel,  underground, 
Wrapp'd  up  in  greasy  leather,  or  p — 'd  clouts." 

These  examples  will  serve  to  start  the  game. 
Doubtless  some  of  your  correspondents  who  are 


S84 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  41.,  Oct.  11.  *t 


fuller  men  than  I  am  will  not  fail  to  do  justice  to 
this  interesting  subject.     C.  IVlANsriELD  Ingleby. 
Birmingham. 

STidkspeare  and  Charles  Lamb. — So  happy  an 
explanation  of  a  passage  in  The  Tempest^  which 
has  exercised  commentators  not  a  little,  appeared 
in  the  London  Magazine,  some  thirty  years  or 
more  since,  from  the  pen  of  this,  certainly  one  of 
the  ablest  expounders  of  the  poet,  that  I  trust 
you  will  think  with  me  it  is  worthy  of  perma- 
nent record  in  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  I  have 
not  the  magazine  by  me  ;  so  am  forced  to  use  my 
own  words.     The  passage  is  — 

"  .        .        for  one  thing  she  did, 
They  would  not  take  her  life : " 

and  the  reference  is  to  Lycorax,  Caliban's  mother. 
The  one  thing  was,  that  the  witch  was  pregnant, 
—  an  exposition  revealing  the  gentle  feeling  and 
fine  tact  of  Lamb,  and  flashing  sunlight  on  the 
great  humanitarian,  on  him  who  wrote  for  all 
time,  and  by  "one  touch  of  nature  made  the 
whole  world  kin."  Delta. 


"  When  we  have  shiffled  off  this  mortal  coil" 
(2^^  S.  i.  221.;  ii.  207.)  — Mr,  C.  M.  Ingleby 
does  not  question  what  I  said,  that  the  word 
"  coil "  occurs  at  least  nine  times  in  Shakspeare, 
and  in  every  case  it  manifestly  means  turmoil, 
tumult.  Nor  does  he  produce  any  passage  from 
any  author  to  countenance  his  interpretation  of 
body.  He  says  that  he  has  demanded  of  several 
friends  what  they  understand  by  the  passage  in 
Hamlet,  and  that  they  replied,  "  The  body  of  the 
person  who  makes  the  quietus."  I  would  beg  him 
to  ask  them  whether  they  think  coil  in  the  sense 
of  turmoil,  or  of  body,  the  better  contrast  to  quietus  : 
also  whether  the  coil  of  a  rope  is  a  natural  or  ob- 
vious metaphor  for  a  human  body.  X. 


ILLUSTRATIONS   OF   MACAULAT. 

James  II's  Proclamation  of  Pardon.  —  By  a 
curious  oversight  one-third  of  James  II.'s  Pro- 
clamation of  Pardon,  dated  March  10,  1685  ("N. 
&  Q.,"  2°''  S.  i.  228.),  is  omitted.  The  proclama- 
tion, one  of  which  has  been  handed  to  me  by  a 
descendant  of  one  of  those  excepted  from  the 
pardon,  is  printed  on  three  sheets.  The  first 
commences  "  James  11.,"  and  ends  "  fully  ex- 
pressed." The  third  from  "  Mrs.  Mary  Bird  "  to 
the  end.  The  second  sheet  from  "  fully  expressed" 
to  "  Mrs.  Mary  Bird,"  is  wanting,  I  presume,  in 
the  copy  in  the  Chetham  Library  at  Manchester. 
I  send  you  a  copy  of  the  second  sheet,  which 
renders  the  proclamation  in  "  N.  &  Q."  perfect. 

T.  J.  Allman. 
42.  Holbom  HiU. 


''Sheet  No.  2. 

"  Excepted  and  always  foreprized  out  of  this  Our 
pardon,  all  Treasons  committed  or  done  in  the  parts  be- 
j'ond  the  Seas,  or  in  any  other  place  out  of  this  Realm ; 
And  also  excepted  all  offences  in  forging  or  false  counter- 
feiting the  Great  or  Privy  Seal,  Sign  Slanual,  or  Privy 
Signets,  or  any  of  Our  Monej's  currant  \_sic']  within  this 
Our  Realm,  or  of  unlawful  Diminution  of  any  of  the  said 
Moneys  by  any  ways  or  means  whatsoever,  and  all  Abet- 
ting, Aiding,  Comforting,  or  Procuring  the  said  offences, 
or  any  of  them. 

"  And  also  Excepted  all  voluntary  Murders,  Petty 
Treasons,  Wilful  Poysonings,  and  all  offences  of  being- 
accessary  to  the  same,  or  any  of  them,  before  the  Fact 
committed;  And  also  all  Piracies  and  Robberies  com- 
mitted upon  the  Sea,  Robberies  upon  the  Highways, 
Burglaries  in  Houses,  and  all  offences  of  being  accessary 
to  the  said  offences  or  any  of  them. 

"  And  also  Excepted  the  detestable  and  abominable  vice 
of  Buggery,  committed  with  Man  or  Beast ;  all  Rape  and 
Carnal  Ravishment  of  Women ;  all  Ravishments  and 
wilful  taking  away  or  Marrying  of  any  Maid  Widow  or 
Damsel  against  her  will,  or  without  the  Consent  or  Agree- 
ment of  her  Parents,  or  of  such  as  then  had  her  in  Custody, 
and  all  offences  of  Aiding,  Comforting,  Abetting,  or  Pro- 
curing the  said  offences,  or  any  of  them. 

"  And  also  Excepted  all  offences  of  Perjury,  Suborna- 
tion of  Witnesses,  Razing,  Forging,  or  Counterfeiting  any 
Deeds,  Escripts,  inquisitions,  Indentures  of  Appraisraent, 
or  other  Writings,  or  publishing  the  same ;  Forging  or 
Counterfeiting  any  Examinations  or  Testimonies  of  any 
Witness  or  Witnesses  tending  to  bring  any  Person  or 
Persons  into  Danger  oS  his  Life,  and  all  procuring  and 
Counselling  of  any  of  the  said  offences. 

"And  also  Except,  all  Treasons,  Offences,  Misde- 
meanours and  Contempts,  other  then  such  for  which 
Judgment  of  Pramunire  hath  or  may  be  given,  or  for  not 
coming  to  Church,  of,  and  for  which  any  Indictments, 
Actions,  Bill,  Plaint  or  Information,  or  other  Process  at 
any  time  within  six  years  last  past,  hath  been  commenced, 
sued  or  depended  in  any  of  his  Majesties  Courts  at  West- 
minster, or  other  his  Majesties  Courts  of  Records  held 
within  the  Cities  of  London  and  Westminster,  and  County 
of  Middlesex,  and  is  there  depending  or  remaining  to  be 
prosecuted,  or  whereupon  any  Verdict,  Judgment,  Out- 
lawry, or  Decree  is  already  Given,  Awarded,  or  Entred ; 
And  all  Fines,  Forfeitures  and  Penalties  thereupon  now 
due  or  accrued,  or  which  shall  or  may  be  due,  accrue  or 
grow  to  the  Kings  Majesty,  and  all  Executions  for  the 
same. 

"  And  also  Except,  all  Informations  and  other  Proceed- 
ings concerning  High-ways  and  Bridges,  or  for  Repairing 
County  Gaols,  and  all  Fines  and  Issues  set  or  Returned 
thereupon  since  the  year  1679. 

"And  also  Except,  all  offences  in  taking  away,  im- 
bezling,  or  purloyning  any  Goods,  Moneys,  Chattels, 
Jeuels,  Armour,  Munition,  Stores,  Naval  Provisions, 
Shipping  Ordnance,  or  other  Habiliments  of  War  belong- 
ing to  Us  or  Our  late  Brother. 

"  And  also  Except,  all  offences  of  Incest,  Dilapidations, 
or  Simonj'. 

"  And  also  Except,  all  Contempts  and  Process  there- 
upon issuing  in  or  out  of  any  Court  of  Equity. 

"  And  also  Except,  all  Recognizances,  Conditions  or 
Covenants,  and  all  Penalties,  Titles,  and  Forfeitures  of 
Offices,  Conditions,  or  Covenants  forfeited.  Accrued,  or 
Grown  to  Us  or  to  Our  late  Brother,  by  reason  of  the 
Breach  or  not  performing  of  any  Office,  Covenant,  or  Con- 
dition whatsoever. 

"  Also  Excepted  all  Concealments,  Frauds,  Corruptions, 
llisdemeaaours,  and  Offences  whereby  We  or  Our  late 


2nd  s.  N«  41.,  Oct.  11. '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


285 


Brother  have  been  deceived  in  the  Collection,  Payments, 
or  Answering  of  Our  Revenues,  or  any  part  thereof,  or 
any  other  Money  due  to  Us  or  received  for  Us  or  Him, 
and  all  Forfeitures,  Peualties,  smi  Nomine  peiies  thereupon 
arising.  ^      ,,    j 

"  Provided  always.  That  nothing  in  this  Our  Pardon 
contained  shall  Extend  or  be  Construed  to  discharge  any 
Fines,  Sums  of  Money  recovered  by  Judgment,  Fines  pro 
Licentia  concordandi,  Post  Fines,  Issues,  or  Amercia- 
ments, lost,  imposed,  assessed,  let  or  entred,  in  any  Court 
of  Record  whatsoever. 

«  And  also  Except  all  Persons  who  are  as  to  any  Pains, 
Penalties,  or  Disabilities  whatsoever  Excepted  out  of  the 
Act  of  Free  and  General  Pardon,  Indemnity,  and  Ob- 
livion, made  in  the  Twelfth  year  of  Our  late  Brother's 
Reign,  and  also  out  of  any  other  Act  of  Free  and  General 
Pardon,  since  that  time. 

"  Excepted  also  all  Persons  who  after  Conviction  or 
Attainder  of,  or  for  any  maiiner  of  Treason,  or  Misprisions 
of  Treasons  have  been  Transported,  and  such  Attainted  of 
other  notorious  Crimes  or  Felonies  have  been  Ordered  or 
Directed  to  be  Transported  into  any  of  Our  Foreign 
Plantations. 

"  Except  also  all  and  every  Person  or  Persons  who  in 
a  Traiterous  and  hostile  manner  Invaded  this  our  Realm 
•with  James  Scott  late  Duke  of  Monmouth,  and  all  and 
every  other  Person  or  Persons  who  in  the  time  of  the  late 
Rebellion  under  the  said  late  Duke  of  Monmouth  were 
officers,  or  had  the  Name  and  Repute  of  being  Officers  in 
his  Army. 

"  Except  also  all  Fugitives  and  Persons  fled  from  Our 
Justice  into  parts  beyond  the  Seas,  or  out  of  this  our 
Realm,  who  sliall  not  return  and  render  themselves  to 
Our  Chief  Justice,  or  some  Justice  of  the  Peace  before  the 
nine  and  twentieth  dav  of  September  next  ensuing. 

"  And  also  Excepted  out  of  this  Our  Pardon  the  Persons 
hereafter  particularly  mentioned,  viz.  George  Speke  of 
"White  Lackingtone,  Esq.,  Mary  Speke  his  wife,  John 
Speke,  Esq.,  their  son,  Samuel  Townesend  of  Ilminster, 
Reginald  Tucker  of  Long  Sutton,  James  Hurd  of  Lang- 
port,  George  Pavior  of  the  same,  Gabriel  Spratt  of  Aish 
Priors,  George  Carv  of  Glaston,  John  Lewis  of  Babcary, 
Tlionias  Lewis  of  the  same,  John  Parsons  of  the  same, 

Thomas  Cram  of  Warminster,  Place  of  Eddington, 

Robert  Gee  of  Martock,  Hugh  Chamberlain,  William  Sa- 
vage of  Taunton,  Richard  Slape  of  the  same,  John  Palmer 
of  Bridgwater,  John  Webber  of  the  same,  Henry  Herring 
of  Taunton,  Thomas  Hurd  of  Langport,  Christopher 
Cooke  of  Wilton,  Clothier,  Amos  Blinham  of  Galhampton, 
Mrs.  Musgrave,  Schoolmistress,  Mrs.  Sarah  Wye,  Mrs. 
Elizabeth  Wye,  Mrs.  Catherine  Bovet,  Mrs.  Scading,  Mrs. 
Mary  Blake,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Knash." 


CHARLES   LAMB  S  ALBUM  VERSES. 

It  was  iLe  fashion  a  few  years  ago  for  ladies,  in 
particular,  to  request  poets  and  men  of  genius  and 
reputation  to  write  verses  and  their  names  in 
their  albums,  in  addition  to  drawings  and  en- 
gravings, &c.,  with  which  they  illtistrated  them. 
In  the  year  1830,  Mr.  Moxon  published  a  volume 
entitled  Album  Verses,  with  a  few  others,  by  Charles 
Lamb.  These  album  verses  are  addressed,  some 
of  them  to  married,  and  others  to  unmarried, 
ladies  of  Lamb's  acquaintance.  He  at  length 
grew  tired  of  writing  such  trifles.  It  happened 
about  ten  years  ago,  as  I  was  passing  through 


Chandos  Street,  London,  that  I  saw  in  an  old 
bookseller's  window.  Lamb's  tragedy  of  John 
Woo(Iville,  Avith  a  leaf  opened,  in  which  was  tran- 
scribed in  his  well-known  hand,  the  following  lines, 
which  may  be  thought  worthy  to  be  perpetuated 
in  the  columns  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  as  I  am  not  aware 
they  have  ever  before  appeared  In  print.  J.  M.  Gr. 
Worcester. 

«  What  is  an  Album  ?  Sept.  7th,  1830. 
"  'Tis  a  book  kept  by  modern  young  ladies  for  show, 
Of  which  their  plain  grandmothers  nothing  did  know ; , 
A  medley  of  scraps,  half  verse,  and  half  prose. 
And  some  things  not  very  like  either,  God  knows. 
The  soft  first  effusions  of  beaus,  and  of  belles. 
Of  future  Lord  Byrons,  and  sweet  L.  E.  L.s ; 
Where  wise  folk  and  simple  both  equally  join. 
And  2/oM  write  your  nonsense,  that  /  may  write  mine. 
Stick  in  a  fine  landscape,  to  make  a  display  — 
A  flower-piece—  a  foreground  —  all  tinted  so  gay. 
As  Nature  herself,  could  she  see  them,  would  strike 
With  envy  to  think  that  she  ne'er  did  the  like. 
And  since  some  Lavaters  with  head-pieces  comical 
Have  agreed   to  pronounce  people's  heads  physiog- 
nomical. 
Be  sure  that  you  stuff  it  with  autographs  plenty, 
All  penned  in  a  fashion  so  stiif  and  so  dainty. 
They  no  more  resemble  folk's  ord'nary  writing 
Than  lines  penn'd  with  pains  do  extempore  writing ; 
Or  our  ev'ry  day  countenance  (pardon  the  stricture), 
The  faces  we  make  when  we  sit  for  our  picture. 
Thus  you  have,  Madelina,  an  Album  complete. 
Which  may  you  live  to  finish,  and  I  live  to  see  it. 

C.  Lamb." 


ETTMOLOay   OF   THE   WORD    "FELLOW." 

According  to  Spelman,  this  word  is  derived 
from  the  Saxon  fe  (fides),  and  lag  (legatus) ; 
whence  felag,  the  final  g  of  which  being  changed 
Into  IV,  as  is  customary  with  the  Anglo-Normans, 
we  get  felawe;  as  we  find  the  word  written  by 
Wickliff,  Chaucer,  and  others.  HIckes,  on  the 
other  hand,  would  trace  it  to  the  Anglo-Saxon 
folgian,  filigian,  to  follow.  I  feel,  however,  dis- 
posed to  doubt  the  accuracy  of  either  of  these 
conjectures,  and  am  rather  inclined  to  trace  the 
word  to  the  Greek  <t>aA\bs,  through  the  French 
/allot,  which  signifies  a  cresset,  or  lantern  or 
candle  affixed  to  the  end  of  a  pole ;  and  thus 
resembling  the  phallus,  or  symbol  of  the  repro- 
ductive power  of  nature,  as  attached  to  the  ex- 
tremity of  a  thyrsus,  and  borne  in  heathen  times 
by  the  priests  In  celebrating  the  mystic  rites  of 
Bacchus  and  Priapus.  Hence  the  word  /allot 
became  used  as  an  epithet,  in  speaking  of  one 
whose  humour  was  bright  and  sparkling  as  a 
torch :  — 

"  Sur  ce  propos  voicy  entrer  Mardoch^e  en  la  chambre, 
gay  et  fallot:' —  Amadis  de  Gaule,  tom.  xi.  chap.  xiii. 

"A  qui  le  uaia  vint  ouvrir  tout  gay  et  f allot. "  —  Ib.y 
chap.  xxxi. 

May  I  here  incidentally  hazard  the  conjecture 


286 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2na  S.  N"  41.,  Oct.  H.  '56. 


that  from  the  fusion  of  these  two  epithets,  thus 
generally  used  in  conjunction,  we  have  arrived  at 
the  composite  good-fellow,  as  appended  to  Robin  ? 
Thus,  Robin  Good-fellow,  quad  Robin  gai  et 
fallot, — &BeUenden  Ker-ism,  however,  on  which  I 
by  no  means  insist.  However  this  may  be,  the 
word  fallot  presently  became  used  in  a  substan- 
tive sense  :  Rabelais  thus  employs  it,  playing  upon 
it  in  its  twofold  signification  of  bouffon  and 
lanteme :  — 

"  Disant :  Panurge,  ho,  monsieur  le  quitte,  prendz  Milord 
Debitis  h  Calais,  car  il  est  goiid  fallot,  et  noublie  debi- 
toribus,  ce  sont  lanternes.  Ainsy  auras  et  fallot  et  lan- 
ternes." — Pantagruel,  Liv.  iii.  chap,  xlvii. 

Here  the  connexion  between  gai  fallot  andi  good 
fellow  is  evident.  Rabelais  elsewhere  uses  the 
same  epithet : 

"  Je  le  cro}',  en  pareille  induction  que  le  gentil  falot 
Galen,  diet  la  teste  estre  faicte  pour  les  yeulx."  —  lb., 
lib.  iii.  ch.  vii. 

Upon  which  passage  Le  Duchat  remarks  : 

"  Rabelais  appelle  gentil  falot  Galien,  dans  le  sens  qu'on 
disait  autrefois  d'un  homme  agr^able  qu'il  ^tait  gai  et 
falot.  Galien  d'ailleurs,  est  I'ua  des  grauds  phares  de  la 
medicine,  et  c'est  lui  qui  a  dit  plaisamment  qui  la  tete 
^tait  pose'e  h  I'endroit  le  plus  ^lev^  du  corps  humain, 
comme  un  falot  est  fich^  sur  un  baton.  C'est  la  raison 
pourquoi  Rabelais  le  qualifie  de  la  sorte." 

The  earlier  use  of  the  word  by  ourselves  appears 
more  reconcileable  with  the  derivation  which  I 
have  suggested,  than  that  of  the  etymologists 
above  mentioned.  Thus,  in  the  old  translation  of 
the  Bible  (edit.  1549),  from  which  Richardson's 
Dictionary  Supplement  enables  me  to  quote,  we 
find: 

"  And  the  Lord  was  with  Joseph,  and  he  was  a  luckie 
felowe,  and  continued  in  the  house  of  his  master  the 
Egyptian."  —  Genesis,  xxxix. 

"  Of  Moises,  the  felow  that  brought  us  out  of  the  land 
of  Egypt,  we  know  not  what  is  become."  —  Exod.  xxxii. 

I  would  say,  in  conclusion,  that  the  foregoing 
remarks  are  purely  conjectural;  and  as  such  are 
submitted  to  the  opinion  of  better  etymologists. 

William  Bates. 

Birmingham. 


SHAPTESBUET   HOUSE,    UTTLE    CHELSEA. 

Among  other  interesting  relics  of  the  past  that 
have  been  within  the  last  few  years  removed  to 
make  room  for  the  necessities  of  these  times,  in 
this  locality,  one  of  the  highest  in  association  was 
Shaftesbury  House.  It  is  believed  to  have  been 
built  by  Sir  James  Smith,  in  1635.  In  1699  the 
learned  and  noble  author  of  the  Characteristics 
purchased  the  estate,  where  he  generally  resided 
•while  Parliament  sat ;  here  Xocke  wrote  part  of 
his  Essay,  and  Addison  some  of  his  papers  for  the 
Spectator.    The  earl  quitted  it  in  1710  or  1711, 


for  Italy,  having  sold  it  to  Narcissus  Luttrell, 
whose  name  has  recently,  through  the  use  of  his 
Diary  by  our  great  historian,  become  familiar  to 
the  public. 

Faulkner,  in  his  History  of  Chelsea,  makes  no 
mention  of  Luttrell's  residence  here ;  it  is  not 
often  he  makes  such  an  omission,  and  it  is  strange 
he  should  not  have  been  acquainted  with  the  fact, 
for  in  the  extracts  he  prints  from  the  Registers  of 
the  parish  are  the  following  entries : 

Burials,  1727.  "Narcissus,  son  of  Narcissus  Luttrell, 
Esq." 
1732.  «  Narcissus  Luttrell,  esq.,  July  6th." 
1740.  "  Francis  Luttrell,  September  3rd." 

Luttrell's  collection  descended  with  Shaftesbury 
House  to  Mr.  Serjeant  Wynne,  on  whose  death 
they  came  to  his  eldest  son  Edward  Wynne,  au- 
thor of  several  legal  tracts,  who  dying  a  bachelor 
in  1785,  the  Rev.  Luttrell  Wynne,  his  brother, 
became  possessor,  and  two  years  after  the  house 
was  purchased  by  the  parish  of  St.  George,  Han- 
over Square,  for  their  workhouse.  Last  summer 
the  authorities  ordered  its  destruction,  and  Its  site 
is  now  covered  by  a  larger  building  for  their  poor. 

Those  who  want  a  fuller  history  of  this  mansion 
must  refer  to  Faulkner's  History  of  Chelsea,  vol.  i. 
page  141,  or  to  a  much  better  description,  from 
the  pen  of  Mr.  Crofton  Croker,  in  Fraser's  Maga- 
zine, February,  1845.  He  has  illustrated  his  de- 
scription with  some  capital  sketches,  now  valuable 
to  the  local  collector,  for  I  do  not  think  others 
exist.  He  doubts  Locke's  visiting  here,  however, 
and  I  should  like  to  have  that  point  cleared  up. 
Perhaps  as  a  note  to  Faulkner's  History,  and  in 
regard  to  Luttrell,  this  communication  may  be  in- 
serted. Ere,  however,  I  conclude,  let  me  insert 
the  following  curious  notice  I  copied  from  a 
pocket-book  of  the  time : 

"  This  is  to  give  notice  that  on  Wednesday  next  will 
begin  the  sale  of  al  sorts  of  household  Goods  and  linen 
belonging  unto  —  Gibbons,  at  his  house  at  Little  Chelsey, 
next  doore  to  the  Ld.  Shaftesbury's,  he  giving  over  house- 
keeping." 

H.  G.  Davis. 

Kjiightsbridge. 


Popular  Amusements  in  1683.  —  The  subjoined 
extract  from  a  newspaper  of  the  period  may  be 
amusing,  as  showing  what  the  amusements  at 
Newmarket  were  at  that  date,  and  how  they  were 
intended  to  gratify  all  classes,  from  the  king  to 
the  clown : 

"  New- Market,  March  lb. — This  day  was  a  Race  be- 
tween a  horse  of  Mr.  Browne's,  called  Have-at-all,  and  the 
Sussex-Pad.  Thej'  rode  9  stone  each,  for  3001.  a  Horse, 
and  continued  very  equal  a  great  while,  till  (at  the  turn- 
ing of  the  L:inds)  Have-at-all  had  the  ill  fortune  to  break 
one  of  his  hind  Legs  short  in  two ;  which  being  thought 


2nd  s,  N"  4i.,  Oct.  11.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


287 


impossible  to  be  cured,  they  order'd  him  to  be  shot  upon 
the  place. 

"After  the  Race  was  ended,  His  Majesty  [Charles  II.] 
•went  to  see  a  great  match  of  Cock-fighting ;  Her  Majesty 
went  to  take  the  air  as  far  as  the  Coney-Warren,  and 
their  Royal  Highnesses  went  to  take  the  air  upon  the 
Heath. 

"  After  which,  there  was  a  great  Bull-baiting  in  the 
Town,  whither  a  great  number  of  Countrey-people  re- 
sorted, to  play  their  Dogs,  which  gave  great  satisfaction 
to  all  the  Spectators. 

« About  3  of  the  clock  in  the  afternoon  there  was  a 
Foot-Race  between  two  Cripples,  each  having  a  wooden 
Leg.  They  started  fair,  and  hobbl'd  a  good  pace,  which 
caused  great  admiration  and  laughter  amongst  the  be- 
holders ;  but  the  tallest  of  the  two  won  by  two  or  three 
yards."  —  The  Loyal  Protestant,  No.  274,  Tuesday,  March 
20,  168§. 

fX.. 

Warton's  " History  of  English  Poetry"  —  The 
writer  of  an  article  in  the  Quarterly  lleview 
(xxiii.  p.  153.)  notices  "  a  ludicrous  mistake  of 
Warton's,"  Hist,  of  Eng.  Poetry^  vol.  i.  p.  350.  (in 
edit.  1824,  vol.  ii.  p.  185.)  : 

"  The  story  of  Arthur,"  he  says,  "  was  also  reduced  into 
modern  Greek,  M.  Crusius  relates  that  his  friends,  who 
studied  at  Padua,  sent  him,  in  the  year  1564,  together 
with  Homer's  Iliad,  '  AtSaxal  Regis  Arthur!.'  The  words 
in  Crusius  are  '  AiSaxal  Rarthuri.'  The  homilies  of  this 
writer  are  well  known  to  the  modern  Greeks." 

While  we  smile  at  the  original  lapsus  of  Warton, 
we  must  regret  that,  after  having  been  thus  pointed 
out  in  1820,  it  should  not  have  been  corrected  by 
his  editor  in  1824.     '  Y.  B.  N.  J. 

Decline  of  Typography.  —  Mr.  Rich,  the  late 
bookseller  and  agent  for  the  library  of  the  Capitol, 
Washington,  U.S.,  told  me  that  there  exist  books 
printed  in  Spain  about-  the  time  of  Charles  V.,  in 
a  place  of  which  now  (another  Old  Sarum)  but 
a  few  huts  remain  standing.  Lissa,  Leszna,  also, 
in  Poland,  where  books  have  been  printed  up  to 
1640  or  thereabouts,  is  at  present  mostly  inha- 
bited by  trading  Jewish  families.  In  Czechia,  also, 
during  the  middle  ages  printing  offices  existed  in 
places  where  none  are  now  in  existence.  These 
will  be  a  few  addenda  to  a  history  of  typography, 
if  a  good  one  is  to  be  written. 

J.  LoTSKT,  Panslave. 

15.  Gower  Street. 

Loyalty  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Pancras.  — 

"  On  Saturday  last  there  was  in  Pankridge  Churchyard 
a  great  congregation  met,  and  a  parson  with  them  that 
did  read  the  booke  of  common  Prayer  and  all  the  parts 
thereof  (according  to  that  rubrick)  appointed  for  the  day, 
and  praj-ed  for  the  late  Q.  of  England  and  her  children 
thus :  That  God  would  blesse  the  Queen,  wife  to  the  late 
King  of  England,  Charles  the  first,  her  dread  Lord  and  So- 
veraigne  husband,  and  to  restore  the  royall  issue  to  their  just 
rights,  or  wordes  to  that  purpose." 

Extracted  from   the   small    quarto    newspapers, 
Munday,  June  18,  to  Munday,  June  25,  1649. 

Cl.  Hoppeb. 


Conflagration  of  Books,  ^c.  —  Amongst  the 
most  dire  losses  to  Slavian  (Czechian)  history  and 
literature  is  the  complete  burning  down  of  the 
Landtafel  (land-table)  at  Prague  in  1541.  It  con- 
tained the  archives  of  the  country  relating  to 
state,  religious,  and  all  public  aflfairs,  at  that 
period  of  the  country's  history  when  liberty  and 
people  were  yet  of  some  consequence,  and  when 
Czechian  language  and  literature  had  reached  the 
highest  degree  of  perfection.  Since  the  year  1488 
one,  and  subsequently  two,  printing  presses  had 
existed  in  Prague,  many  of  which  incunabula  also 
perished  in  the  fire.  J.  Lotskt,  Panslave. 

15.  Gower  Street. 

Initials  and  Finals.  — Your  correspondent,  (2"** 
S.  ii.  277.)  who  seems  desirous  to  accumulate  all 
English  words  terminating  in  "  -il,"  suggests  to  me 
the  inquiry.  If  there  be  in  the  English  language 
any  compilation  of  all  ■^vords  according  to  their 
initial  and  final  syllables  ?  The  French  have  a 
work  of  that  description  for  their  tongue,  which  I 
have  found  extremely  convenient,  and  besides  has 
many  tables ;  and  a  collection  also  of  most,  and 
those  the  principal,  difficulties  of  that  language. 
The  title-page  of  the  work  very  copiously  details 
all  its  contents,  which  I  must  abridge,  and  simply 
give  you  enough  to  distinguish  It : 

"  Dictionnaire  des  Dictionnaires,  par  L.  F.  Darbois, 
2i^me  edition,  Paris,  Rue  d'Enghien,  No.  35.  1830.  Royal 
8vo.,  pp.  380." 

To  exemplify  how  M.  Darbois  treats  your  cor- 
respondent's Inquiry,  at  p.  158.  he  gives  '■^finales" 
" il"  "  son  dur,  que  Ton  pron.  He"  twenty-four 
French  words.  And  p.  159.,  "  i7,  son  i,  finales" 
eighteen  French  -v^ords.  *• 

Richmond,  Surrey. 

"  The  Advoydyng  of  Capitaines."  —  The  follow- 
ing, I  think,  is  not  unworthy  of  being  republished, 
at  the  present  time.  In  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
In  the  official  copy,  from  which  I  have  correctly 
transcribed  It,  it  is  entitled,  A  Proclamacion  for 
the  advoydyng  of  Capitaines  out  of  the  Citee  of 
London  ;  and  is  dated  July  20,  in  the  .fourth  year 
of  the  reign  of  King  Edward  VI. 

Henry  Kensington. 

"  The  kynges  most  royall  maiestie,  by  the  aduise  of 
his  priuie  counsaill,  straiglitly  chargeth  and  commaundeth, 
all  maner  Capitaines,  Officers  of  bandes  and  Souldiours, 
aswell  Englishe  as  straungers,  of  what  nacion  soeuer  thei 
be,  whiche  are  not  presently  entertayned,  in  his  highnes 
wages,  and  haue  been  paied  for  their  seruice,  by  the 
Threasurers  thereunto  appoynted,  accordyng  to  their  capi- 
tulacions,  vntill  the  dale  of  their  cassyng  and  dismission : 
that  thei,  and  euery  of  theim,  faile  not  to  depart,  and 
auoyde  from  this  Citee  of  London,  the  Suburbes,  and  the 
members  of  the  same,  within  three  daies  after  this  present 
Proclamacion  published,  upon  pain  that  if  any  of  the 
aforsaied  Capitaines,  Officers  of  bandes,  or  souldiours,  be 
found  after  that  daie  to  remain,  or  lodge,  within  the  saied 
citie,  Suburbes,  or  membres  of  the  same,  contrary  to  the 


288 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[2«<J  S.  N«  41.,  Oct.  11.  '66. 


tenor  and  eflfect  hereof,  he  or  thei  so  offendyng,  shall 
suflfre  straight  emprisonment,  with  further  punishment  at 
his  maiesties  pleasure. 

"Prouided  alwaies  that  this  Proclamacion,  ne  any 
thyng  therein  conteined,  shall  not  extende  to  any  ordi- 
nary pencioner,  stranger,  or  to  any  other  seruaunt  of  the 
kynges  maiestie,  or  seruaunt  to  any  other  noble  man  or 
gentleman ;  but  that  thei  male  continue,  and  remain  here 
at  their  libertie,  as  before,  without  daungier  or  restraint 
hereof  accordyngly. " 


•         Mitiat  cauortei. 

Queen  Mary's  surreptitious  Heir.  —  The  alleged 
trick  of  James  II.  —  the  foisting  upon  the  nation 
a  surreptitious  heir  —  would  appear  to  have  been 
attempted  before.  In  1555  reports  of  Queen 
Mary's  pregnancy  were,  as  is  well  known,  indus- 
triously circulated.  Even  a  rumour  got  abroad 
that  a  son  was  born,  and  the  bells  were  rung,  and 
sermons  preached,  in  honour  of  the  event  —  one 
preacher  even  describing  the  beauty  of  the  prince. 
Now  Fox,  the  Martyrologist,  writes  : 

"  There  did  come  to  me,  whom  I  did  both  see  and  hear, 
one  Isabel  Malt,  a  woman  dwelling  in  Aldersgate  Street, 
in  Horn  Alley,  who  before  witness  made  this  declaration 
unto  us:  That  she  being  delivered  of  a  man-child  upon 
Whitsunday  in  the  morning,  which  was  the  11th  day  of 
June,  1555,  there  came  to  her  the  Lord  North,  and  "an- 
other Lord,  to  her  unknown,  dwelling  then  about  Old 
Fish-street,  demanding  of  her  if  she  would  part  with  her 
child,  and  would  swear  that  she  never  knew  nor  had  any 
such  child.  Which,  if  she  would,  her  son,  they  said, 
should  be  well  provided  for,  she  should  take  no  care  for 
it;  with  many  fair  offers  if  she  would  part  with  the 
child. 

"  After  that  came  some  women  also,  of  whom  one  thej' 
said  should  have  been  the  rocker;  but  she  in  no  wise 
would  let  go  her  son,  who  at  the  writing  hereof  being 
alive,  and  called  Timothy  Malt,  was  of  the  age  of  13 
years  and  upward." 

I  shall  be  glad  to  know  whether  any  credence 
should  be  given  to  this  testimony ;  and  whether 
any  documents  exist  which  would  tend  to  throw 
light  upon  this  matter.  Threlkeld. 

Dean  Wotton,  temp.  Henry  VIII.  —  In  Words- 
worth's Ecclesiastical  Biography  (vol.  iv.),  when 
speaking  of  Dean  Nicholas  Wotton,  he  states  as  a 
singular  fact  that  so  few  of  the  Dean's  letters  and 
papers  should  be  known  to  exist,  considering  the 
numerous  and  important  negotiations  in  which  he 
was  engaged,  but  states  that  — 

"  Two  very  curious  volumes  of  historical  and  genealo- 
gical collections,  in  the  handwriting  of  the  dean,  are 
preserved  in  the  British  Museum,  and  the  late  Sir  George 
Nayler  possessed  a  similar  volume.*      These  volumes 

[*  The  editor  of  the  fourth  edition  of  Wordsworth's 
Eccles.  Biography,  the  late  Mr.  John  Holmes  of  the  Bri- 
tish Museum,  states  that  the  volume,  formerly  in  the 
possession  of  Sir  George  Nayler,  is  now  (1852)  in  the 
library  of  Sir  Thomas  PhiUipps,  Bart.  —  Ed.] 


sufficiently  attest  the  writer's  great  knowledge  and  re- 
search." 

Can  any  of  your  readers  enable  me  to  discover 
these  books  ?  The  first  two  named  I  have  in  vain 
searched  for  in  the  British  Museum,  but  I  pre- 
sume they  must  be  there.  W.  (Bombay). 

London. 

^'' Entitled''  or  '' Intituled."  —  Are  we  quite 
right  in  speaking  of  a  work  as  being  entitled  so- 
and-so,  e.g.  The  Paradise  Lost?  Should  we  not 
(as  I  believe  is  the  case  in  acts  of  parliament)  say 
intituled  ?  And  again,  in  asserting  ownership,  in- 
stead of  saying,  "  he  is  entitled  to  an  estate,"  would 
it  not  be  more  correct  to  say  intituled,  i.  e.  in  him 
is  vested  the  title,  titidus,  to  it  ?  Y.  B.  N.  J. 

Capt.  R.  Browne  of  Gualh/s  Dragoons.  —  In 
the  Army  List  of  1810,  under  the  heading  of 
"  List  of  the  Officers  of  the  Land  Forces  and  of 
the  Royal  Marines  on  Half-Pay,"  p.  501.,  I  find 
the  first  name  entered  to  be  that  of  Capt.  Robert 
Browne,  who  is  described  as  "  en  second "  of 
Gually's  Dragoons,  disbanded  in  1712-13.  There 
is  a  similar  entry  in  the  Army  List  of  1809  ;  and 
in  those  of  1811  up  to  1815,  this  same  Captain 
Browne  figures  as  being  still  on  half-pay.  From 
these  entries  it  would  seem  that  after  becoming  a 
captain,  the  gallant  officer  enjoyed  half-pay  for 
104  years  !  Can  any  of  your  correspondents  give 
information  regarding  either  Gually's  Dragoons, 
or  this  Nestor  of  half-pays  ?  W. 

Symbols  of  Saints.  —  I  have  an  old  painting 
which  represents  the  half-length  figure  of  a  female, 
vested  in  a  dark  cloak,  drawn  over  the  head  like 
a  hood,  with  the  edge  of  a  plain  cap  showing 
below,  and  a  crown  of  thorns  wreathed  outside  it. 
The  neck  is  swathed  in  white  linen.  The  hands 
are  pressed  on  the  breast,  and  the  right  holds  a 
crucifix;  the  cross  blossoming  out  on  either  side 
in  flowers  resembling  lilies,  and  its  top  shooting 
up  into  a  stem  of  flowers,  amongst  which  a  paper 
bearing  J.  N.  R.  (probably  Jesus  noster  Eedemptor) 
is  seen.  The  features  appear  deeply  clouded  with 
grief,  and  the  eyes  are  intent  upon  an  open  book 
supported  by  a  scull.  I  shall  be  obliged  if  some 
correspondent  should  be  able  from  the  above  de- 
scription to  inform  me  what  saint  in  the  Kalendar 
is  intended.  Y.  B.  N.  J. 

Mental  Condition  of  the  Starving.  —  References 
are  requested  to  accounts  (particularly  if  thei/  de- 
scribe  the  mental  condition)  of  pjersons  who  have 
experienced  long-continued  deprivation  of  food, 
either  during  travel  or  after  shipwreck,  or  who  by 
any  accident  have  been  separated  from  their  fel- 
lows. Scott  or  S — . 

Sarah  Isdell.  —  Can  any  of  your  Irish  readers 
give  me  any  information  regarding  Sarah  Isdell, 


2'^  S.  NO  41.,  Oct.  U.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


289 


author  of  The  Irish  Recluse,  or  a  Breakfast  at  the 
Rotunda,  a  novel  In  three  volumes,  London,  1809  ; 
The  Vale  of  Louisiana,  published  in  or  about 
1 808  ;  The  Poor  Gentlewoman,  a  comedy,  acted  at 
Dublin  in  1811  ;  The  Cavern,  or  the  Outlaw,  an 
opera,  acted  at  Dublin  in  1825,  the  music  by  Sir 
John  Stevenson?  Miss  Isdell  is  said  to  have 
been  a  near  relative  of  Oliver  Goldsmith.       R.  J. 

Showers  of  Wheat. — I  have  lately  met  with  two 
notices  of  showers  of  wheat.  What  is  the  real 
nature  of  this  phenomenon  ? 

The  first  notice  occurs  in  Oldys'  Catalogue  of 
Pamphlets  in  the  Harleian  Library.  (^Harl.  Mis- 
cell,  vol.  X.  p.  359.,  4to.,  1813)  : 

"  A  wonderful  and  straunge  neAves  which  happened  in 
the  countye  of  Suffolke  and  Essex,  the  first  of  February 
being  Friday,  when  it  rained  wheat  the  space  of  vi  or  vii 
miles  conipas;  a  notable  example  to  put  us  in  remera- 
braunce  of  the  judgments  of  God,  and  a  preparative  sent 
to  move  us  to  a  speedy  repentance.  Written  by  Steplien 
Averell,  student  in  divinitie.  Imprinted  at  London  for 
Edward  White,  1683."  [Octavo,  in  14  leaves  black 
letter.] 

The  author  says,  not  that  he  saw  this  wonder- 
ful shower  himself,  but  reports  it  from  many 
witnesses  (four  of  whose  names  are  inscribed  at 
the  end),  that  about  Ipswich,  Stocknayland,  and 
Hadley  in  Suffolk  especially,  such  grain  did  fall 
in  a  drizzling  snow  at  the  time,  and  to  the  compass 
aforesaid :  but  that  it  was  of  a  softer  substance, 
greener  colour  without,  whiter  within,  and  of  a 
mealier  taste  than  common  wheat. 

The  second  notice  is  in  Thoresby's  Z)zar^  (vol.  i. 
86.): 

"  1681.  June  11.  Walked  with  Dutch  cousin  to  Wood- 
house  hill ;  where,  in  cousin  Fenton's  chamber,  I  gathered 
some  of  the  corn  that  was  rained  down  the  chimney  the 
Lord's  day  seven-night,  when  it  likewise  rained  plenti- 
fully of  the  like  upon  Hedingley  moor,  as  was  confidently 
reported :  but  those  I  gathered  from  the  white  hearth, 
which  was  stained  with  drops  of  blue  where  it  had  fallen, 
for  it  is  of  a  pale  red  or  a  kind  of  sky  colour,  is  pretty,  and 
tastes  like  common  wheat,  of  which  1  have  100  corns." 

F,  B. 

"  The  WifeV — Can  you  inform  me  who  Avrote 
The  Wife,  or  Women  as  they  are,  a  Domestic 
Dj-ama,  Longman,  London,  1835.  The  play  is 
illustrated  with  sketches  by  G.  Cruikshank.  I 
understand  it  is  the  production  of  a  lady.       R.  J. 

JEthergingis.  —  In  the  Liber  Winton  occurs 
this  sentence : 

"  Hoc  g'  sacraiii  turn  facta  fuit.  de  quatt'  xx"  vi.  Bur- 
gensib5  meliorib3  Wint'  psente  Will'o  ep'o,  herb'to  ca- 
merario.  Rad'  basset,  Gaisfrido  ridel,  Will'o  de  Ponte- 
archar.  hoc  ante  Burgenses  pacto  sacraihto :  aporta  orien- 
tali  cepunt  inquirere  ethergingis." 

What  is  the  meaning  of  this  last  word  ? 

G.  W.  J. 

"»S'tr  Guy  the  Seeker.''  —  Where  is  this  poem  to 

be  found  ?  K.  G.  jun. 


Jack  West.  —  It  is  common  to  hear  in  Hamp- 
shire a  stye  on  the  eyelid  called  a  Jack  West. 
Whence  can  this  be  derived  or  corrupted  ? 

G.  W.  J. 

"  Chara  valeto.  Chara  vale,  sed  non  cetemum." — 
Whence  this  line  ?  C.  Y.  C. 

Gloucester. 

Peter  Newhy.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers  furnish 
me  with  any  information  regarding  Peter  Newby, 
author  of  Poems,  two  volumes  8vo.,  printed  for 
the  author  by  H.  Hodgson  and  W.  Nevett  &  Son, 
Liverpool,  1790?  The  author  (of  whom  there  is 
a  portrait  in  the  first  volume  by  T.  Barrow)  dates 
his  preface,  Haighton,  Aug.  1790.  Among  the 
poems  in  the  first  volume,  there  is  "A  Poetical 
Epistle  to  his  much  respected  uncle,  Mr.  John 
Carter."  The  second  volume  contains  the  follow- 
ing dramas  :  "  Seduction,"  a  tragedy  ;  "  The 
Shepherd  of  Cornwall,"  a  dramatic  poem  ;  "  The 
Force  of  Friendship,"  a  dramatic  tale.  R.  J. 

Thorolds.  —  Is  there  any  authority  for  the  de- 
rivation of  the  Thorolds  of  Syston  from  Thorold, 
Sheriff  of  Lincolnshire,  or  his  sister  the  Lady 
Godiva,  as  intimated  by  Burke  ?  I  am  inclined  to 
disbelieve  the  story.  J.  P.  P. 


IretorHs  Burial  Place. — Is  there  any  reasonable 
doubt  that  the  coffin  taken  to  Westminster  Ab- 
bey, and  said  to  contain  the  body  of  Ireton,  really 
did  contain  it?  I  remember,  when  a  boy,  to  have 
gone  with  a  party  to  see  a  small  stone  in  the  church 
of  Great  Yarmouth,  in  Norfolk,  said  to  be  the 
burial-place  of  some  distinguished  general,  I  think 
Ireton.  Is  there  anything  certainly  known  on 
this  subject  ?  G.  L. 

[We  have  the  following  testimony  of  Evelyn,  Pepya, 
and  Eugge  to  the  burial  of  Ireton  jn  Westminster  Abbey, 
as  well  as  to  the  subsequent  exhumation  of  his  corpse : 
—  Evelyn  says,  "March  6,  1653,  Saw  the  magnificent 
funeral  of  that  arch-rebel,  Ireton,  carried  in  pomp 
from  Somerset  House  to  Westminster,  accompanied  with 
divers  regiments  of  soldiers."  Again,  "Jan.  30,  1661. 
This  day  were  the  carcases  of  those  arch-rebels,  Crom- 
well, Bradshaw,  and  Ireton,  dragged  out  of  their  superb 
tombs  in  Westminster  among  the  kings  to  Tyburn,  and 
hanged  on  the  gallows  there  from  nine  in  the  morning 
till  six  at  night,  and  then  buried  under  that  fatal  and 
ignominious  monument  in  a  deep  pit,  thousands  of  people 
who  had  seen  them  in  all  their  pride  being  spectators." 
Pepys  has  the  following  entry  under  Jan.  30,  1661 ; 
"  To  my  Lady  Batten's,  where  my  wife  and  she  are  lately 
come  back  again  from  being  abroad,  and  seeing  of  Crom- 
well, Ireton,  and  Bradshaw  hanged  and  buried  at  Ty- 
burn." Rugge's  account  is  more  circumstantial.  He 
says,  "  Jan.  30.  This  morning  the  carcases  of  Cromwell, 
Ireton,  and  Bradshaw  (which  the  day  before  had  been 
brought  from  the  Red  Lion  Inn  in  Holborn),  were  drawn 
upon  a  sledge  to  Tyburn,  and  then  taken  out  of  their 


290 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°aS.  NMl.,  Oct.  11.'56. 


coffins,  and  in  their  shrouds  hanged  by  their  neck,  tmtil 
the  going  down  of  the  sun.  They  were  then  cut  down, 
their  heads  taken  off,  and  their  bodies  buried  in  a  grave 
under  the  gallows.  The  coffin  in  which  was  the  body  of 
Cromwell  was  a  very  rich  thing,  very  full  of  gilded 
hinges  and  nails."  (Addit.  MS.  10,116,  British  Mu- 
seum.)] 

Ordinary  of  Nervgate. — Why  is  the  clergyman 
charged  with  the  duty  of  the  metropolitan  prison 
styled  the  ordinary,  and  not  chaplain  ?  Is  it^  a 
mere  difference  of  title,  or  does  it  infer  any  dif- 
ference of  position  ?  Y.  B.  N.  J. 

[We  take  the  title  Ordinary,  as  connected  with  New- 
gate, to  signify  common,  usual,  like  an  ambassador, 
envoy,  or  physician  in  ordinary.  Hence  formerly  there 
was  an  Ordinary  of  Assizes  and  Sessions,  who  was  a 
deputy  of  the  bishop  of  the  diocese,  appointed  to  give 
malefactors  their  neck-verse,  (^Miserere  mei,  Deus,')  and 
judge  whether  they  could  read  or  not ;  to  perform  Divine 
service  for  them,  and  assist  in  preparing  them  for  death.] 

Works  on  Glass  Manufacture.  —  What  works 
are  most  suitable  for  the  acquisition  of  a  thorough 
knowledge  of  the  manufacture  of  glass?    J.  E.  S. 

[There  is  a  popular  modern  treatise  by  G.  R.  Porter, 
published  in  Lardner's  Cabinet  Cyclopwdia,  entitled,  "  A 
Treatise  on  the  Origin,  Progressive  Improvement,  and 
Present  State  of  the  Manufacture  of  Porcelain  and  Glass," 
1832.  Consult  also  Apsley  Pellatt's  Curiosities  of  Glass- 
Ilaking,  sm.  4to.,  1849.] 


ancpiteiS. 


MORTUABIES. 


(2"^  S.  ii.  172.  279.) 

I  have  taken  some  interest  in  reading  the  re- 
plies elicited  under  this  head  to  the  Queries  of 
your  correspondents,  as  they  reminded  me  of  an 
inquiry  which  I  once  prosecuted  with  the  view  of 
obtaining  some  information  from  mortuary  tax 
registers  —  if  such  were  extant  —  but  this  I  could 
not  discover  to  be  the  case.  I  was  certainly  under 
the  impression  that  the  statute  concerning  the 
taking  of  mortuaries,  or  demanding,  receiving,  or 
claiming  the  same  (21  Hen.  VIII.  c.  6.),  had 
fallen  into  complete  disuse.  It  appears,  however, 
from  the  answers  of  your  correspondents,  that 
such  is  not  the  case,  and  that  our  clergy  in  some 
places  amerce  the  public  in  this  tax. 

The  statute  is  so  far  shaped  in  the  fashion  of 
popery,  that  its  Section  V.  legalises  bequests  to 
high  altars  of  churches. 

It  is  not  in  accordance  with  uniform  justice,  as 
it  perpetuates  discrepancy  of  custom  in  various 
parislies. 

Its  scale  of — 

"  3s.  4c?.  upon  10  marks,  and  under  30  pounds, 
6s.  8c?.  „  30  marks,  and  under  40  pounds, 
10s.        „     40  pounds  and  upwards," 

is  anything  but  equitable  to  the  middle  classes. 


The  law  of  assessment  of  the  impost  is  quite  un- 
suited  to  the  present  age.  Will  any  ingenious 
correspondent  tell  us  how,  for  example,  modern 
wayfarers  are  to  be  taxed  under  Section  IV.  of 
the  statute,  which  sets  forth  : 

"  For  no  woman  being  covert  baron,  nor  child,  nor  for 
any  person  not  keeping  house,  nor  for  any  wayfaring  man 
not  dwelling  nor  making  residence  in  the  place  where  he 
happens  to  die  [shall  any  mortuary  be  given  or  demanded 
except  at  the  rate  above  referred  to],  but  the  mortuary  of 
such  wayfaring  person  shall  be  answerable  at  the  rate  in 
Section  III.,  in  the  place  where  they  have  most  habita- 
tion, and  no  where  else." 

I  have  seen  a  statement  that  an  act  of  parlia- 
ment, 12  Queen  Anne,  abolishes  mortuaries  in 
some  places  which  were  excepted  from  the  statute 
of  Henry  VIII. ;  but  a  clean  sweep  of  all  mor- 
tuaries would  appear  to  be  desirable.  Legislation 
on  mortuaries  really  seems  to  have  made  no  sub- 
stantial advance  since  the  time  when  John  Young, 
or  Yonge,  addressed  Queen  Elizabeth  (New 
Year's  Day,  1558,  vide  my  notice  of  his  treatise 
on  Banking  in  "N.  &  Q.,"  P'  S.  xi.  224.).  He 
remarks  at  the  commencement  of  his  treatise : 

"  There  was  a  custome  not  longe  tyme  passed  used  in 
England,  that  whosoever  died,  should  paj^e  to  his  parson 
or  curate,  the  best  of  his  quicke  cattell,  and  in  default  of 
quicke  cattell,  y"  best  of  his  moveable  goodes.  And  this 
was  called  a  Mortuarie,  and  was  paied  by  all  sortes  of 
people  bothe  poore  and  riche.  Which  payemet  first  be- 
gyiiing  of  devocon,  and  after  by  tj'me  turned  into  custome, 
was  so  extremely  exacted  bj'  the  Clergie  upon  the  poore, 
that  youre  moste  prudent  Father  kynge  henry  the  eight 
moved  with  pitie  made  an  Acte  of  parliament,  to  abolishe 
and  take  awaie  that  kjTide  of  exaction.  And  suerlj'  not 
without  cause,  for  it  happened  many  tymes  that  a  poore 
householder,  whiche  had  but  one  cowe,  for  the  suste- 
naunce  of  him  and  his  nedie  famylie,  was  enforced  to  give 
that  cowe  for  his  Mortuarie  to  the  sterving  of  his  poor 
Widowe  and  children  left  behynde.  Some  of  late  were  of 
opj'nyon  to  have  the  same  custome  revived,  but  so  was 
not  I,  who  nevertheless  can  well  agree  instede  of  the 
same,  to  have  another  kynde  of  Mortuarie  set  up.  A 
mortuarie  I  meane  not  for  the  fedynge  of  suche  as  be  fatt 
3'noughe  alredie,  but  a  Mortuarie  for  common  necessitie, 
and  of  all  as  well  poor  as  riche  bothe  of  y"  Clergie  as 
Laytie.  A  mortuarie  I  saie  not  of  exaction  but  of  de- 
vocion,  not  of  extremitie,  but  of  charitie,  not  geven  to 
preestes  perticulerlv,  but  to  all  the  people  univsally," 
&c.  &c. 

I  take  the  present  opportunity  to  thank  your 
correspondents  Mr.  George  Roberts  of  Lyme 
Regis,  and  Ma.  J.  Sansom,  for  their  Replies  to 
my  Queries  as  to  John  Yonge  (vide  " N.  &  Q," 
P'  S.  xi.  330,  331.).  It  is  very  likely  he  was  the 
Devonshire  man  they  take  him  for. 

Feedekick  Hendriks. 


MEANING   OF  LECKERSTONE. 

(2°''  S.  ii.  247.) 

There  is  scarcely  a  doubt  that  this  word  has  the 
same  derivatives  as  Lichfield,  lich-gate,  &c.,i  e.  from 


2nd  s.  N«  41.,  Oct.  11.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QITERIES. 


291 


Ang.'Sax.lich,  dead;  and  that  the  tradition  which 
assigns  the  stone  as  a  resting-place  for  the  coffin 
may  be  correct ;  or  that  the  stones  actually  mark 
graves.  Such  rude  stone  memorials  are  common 
enough.  In  Welsh  they  are  called  ZZec/t,  i.e.  any 
flat  stone,  tablet ;  as  at  Trelech,  near  Monmouth, 
where  there  are  three  erect  stones  called  Harold's 
Grave.  Or  another  derivation  may  be  given  from 
Celtic,  llecli,  llecheriy  a  stone,  and  Saxon  stan,  a 
stone :  such  tautological  etymologies  not  being 
uncommon,  as  LlecJi-vaen,  near  Brecknock,  from 
Uec?i  and  macn,  i.e.  stony-stone.  Also  a  stone  nine 
feet  high  in  Anglesey,  called  Maen  Llechgwen- 
varwi/dd,  i.  e.  the  stone  of  the  stone  of  St.  Cyn- 
varwy. 

Licker  Inch  was  probably  an  island  used  for 
funereal  purposes,  like  St.  Coin's  Inch  or  lona. 

Eden  Warwick. 

Birmingham. 

P.  C.  observes  that  the  Lecherstones  near  Dun- 
fermline are  said  to  have  been  used  as  resting- 
places  for  the  coffins  at  funerals.  May  not  lecker' 
stone,  then,  be  simply  Leichstein,  the  body-stone  ? 
The  Gothic  leik,  the  Anglo-Saxon  lie,  tlie  Swedish 
lik,  the  German  leicTie  and  leich-nam,  all  signify  a 
body — the  human  body  made  like  or  in  the  image 
of  the  Creator.  Leichstein  is  commonly  used  for 
grave-stone  or  monument,  cippus ;  but  cippus  also 
signified  a  stone  for  a  mark,  set  up  as  the  boulder 
lecherstones  seem  to  have  been.  As  we  have  leich- 
ahdanhung  for  a  farewell  speech  over  a  dead  body, 
leichhitter  for  a  prayer  over  such  body,  leich- 
gesang,  leickerze,  leichmahlzeit,  leichtuch,  and  this 
very  word  in  its  form  of  leichstein,  I  venture  to 
suggest  that  lecherstone  may  be  so  named,  less  in 
reference  to  the  lectures  given  at  the  stone,  than 
to  the  leiche,  or  body,  which  rested  upon  it. 

J.  DORAN. 


I  would  suggest  to  P.  C.  that  the  word  lecher  is 
a  corruption  of  the  German  leiche  (of  which  we 
have  other  forms  in  lyhe-wake  and  lich-gate^,  and 
that  the  stone  was  so  called  from  the  circumstance 
of  the  corpse  being  rested  thereon,  and  not  from 
any  lesson  or  lecture  delivered  then  and  there. 

Geo.  E.  Frere. 

Hoyden  Hall,  Diss. 


CROMWEEL  HOUSE,  OLD  BROMPTON. 

(2°'^  S.  ii.  208.) 

I  was  well  acquainted  with  this  old  house  and 
the  pleasant  lanes  by  which  it  was  surrounded, 
now,  alas  !  no  more.  The  traditions  of  the  neigh- 
bourhood I  have  often  listened  to,  but  could  never 
gain  any  satisfactory  information  as  to  the  house 
having  been  the  residence  of  any  of  the  Cromwell 


family.  On  the  contrary,  all  the  stories  fell  to  the 
ground  upon  examination. 

The  house  was  known  as  Hale  House  in  1596, 
when  a  rent  charge  of  20s.  per  annum  was  laid 
upon  it  for  the  poor  of  Kensington  parish.  In 
1630  it  was  purchased  by  William  Methwold, 
Esq.,  of  the  executors  of  Sir  William  Blake,  who 
died  in  that  year.  This  gentleman  seems  to  have 
been  its  constant  occupant  till  the  period  of  his 
death,  which  occurred  in  1652.  He  is  described 
of  Hale  House  in  his  will. 

On  May  10,  1653,  immediately  after  his  return 
from  Ireland,  "  Mr.  Henry  Cromwell  was  married 
to  Elizabeth  Russell,  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas 
Russell,"  at  Kensington  Church  ;  after  which,  ac- 
cording to  Noble,  "  he  chiefly  resided  at  White- 
hall." In  the  following  year  (1654)  he  returned 
to  Ireland,  and  upon  his  taking  his  leave  of  that 
kingdom,  he  retired  to  Spinney  Abbey,  near  So- 
ham,  in  Cambridgeshire,  where  he  died  in  1673. 
The  chances  of  Henry  Cromwell's  having  resided 
at  Hale  House  are  therefore  but  slender. 

In  1668  Hale  House  appears  to  have  been  in- 
habited by  the  Lawrences  of  Shurdington  in 
Gloucestershire  ;  in  ]  682  It  was  in  the  occupation 
of  Francis  Lord  Howard  of  Effingham,  the  birth 
of  Avhose  son  is  thus  recorded  in  the  parish  re- 
gisters : 

« July  7, 1682.  The  IlonWe  Thomas  Howard,  son  of 
the  E'  Hon.  Francis  \J^  Howard,  Baron  of  Effingham,  and 
the  Lady  Philadelphia,  was  born  at  Hale  House  in  this 
parish." 

Hale  House  was  still  the  property  of  the  Meth- 
wold family,  who  in  1754  sold  it  to  John  Fleming, 
Esq.,  afterwards  created  a  baronet ;  and  in  1790 
it  was  the  joint  property  of  the  Earl  of  Harring- 
ton and  Sir  Richard  Worsley,  Bart.,  who  married 
his  daughters  and  coheirs.  Such  is  the  brief  his- 
tory of  the  proprietors  and  inhabitants  of  Crom- 
well House. 

The  tradition  that  it  was  the  residence  of  the 
Lord  Chief  Justice  Hale  has  probably  no  founda- 
tion, as  we  see  the  house  was  designated  Hale 
House  before  he  was  born. 

Cromwell's  gift  to  Kensington  parish  is  not  re- 
corded in  the  parochial  books ;  and  Mrs.  Hall's 
assertion  that  Richard  Cromwell  was  a  ratepayer 
in  the  same  is  in  a  like  predicament.  The  Pil' 
grimages  to  English  Shrines  is  a  book  got  up  for 
sale,  and  ought  never  to  be  quoted  as  an  authority. 

I  have  merely  to  add  that  these  few  particulars 
are  chiefly  derived  from  one  of  Pennant's  MS. 
note-books,  formerly  in  my  possession. 

Edward  F.  Rimbauet. 


INSCRIPTION   FOR  A   WATCH. 

(2"'J  S.  ii.  109.) 
The  excellent  verses,  for  such  they  really  are, 
concerning  the  author  of  which  inquiry  is  made  by 


292 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2Pd  s,  xo  41.,  Oct.  11.  '56. 


G.  N.,  "  designed  for  a  watch  case,"  and  beginning 
with  the  lines, 

"  Could  but  our  Tempers  move  like  this  Machine, 
Not  urg'd  by  Passion,  nor  delay'd  by  Spleen ; " 

&c.  &c. 

are  by  Mr.  J.  Byrom,  commonly  called  Dr.  By- 
rom,  inventor  of  a  system  of  short-hand,  and  to 
be  found  in  vol.  i.  p.  341.  of  his  printed  works. 

The  poor  Doctor  seems  to  have  been  the  victim 
of  the  good  opinion  of  his  friends,  who,  probably 
in  some  degree  from  motives  of  personal  regard 
towards  one  who  appears  to  have  been  an  amiable 
and  excellent  man,  as  well  as  of  some  local  fame, 
and  the  credit  arising  from  his  pastoral  having 
been  praised  by  Addison  in  The  Spectator,  col- 
lected and  published,  after  his  death,  all  the  verses 
of  his  which  they  could  lay  hands  upon,  in  two 
volumes  12mo.,  at  Manchester,  in  1773.  Many 
of  them,  and  amongst  others  those  referred  to  in 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  show  much  talent ;  but  the  greater 
part  should  have  been  carefully  locked  up  in  a 
drawer,  or  put  in  the  fire,  as  calculated  only  for 
private  perusal,  since,  to  adopt  the  words  of  Mr. 
Pegge  (ArchcBol.,  v.  13.),  the  worthy  author, 
having  a  particular  knack  at  versification,  has  de- 
livered his  thoughts  on  many  subjects  in  a  metrical 
garb ;  which,  I  presume,  we  can  scarcely  call  a 
poetical  one. 

The  Doctor  was  a  decided  Jacobite,  and  his 
amusing  mode  of  defending  his  sentiments  upon 
this  point  is  still  remembered  and  quoted : 

"  God  bless  the  King,  I  mean  the  Faith's  Defender  ; 
God  bless —  no  Harm  in  blessing  —  the  Pretender; 
But  who  Pretender  is,  or  who  is  King, 
God  bless  us  all  —  that's  quite  another  Thing." 

Vol.  i.  p.  342. 

I  should  be  sorry  to  put  the  modesty  of  the 
Editor  of  "  N.  &  Q."  to  the  blush ;  but  in  vol.  i. 
p.  90.  a  hint  is  given,  so  precisely  suggestive  of 
the  purpose  which  he  has  happily  carried  into 
effect,  that  I  cannot  deny  myself  the  satisfaction 
of  transcribing  it : 

"  In  reading  Authors,  when  you  find 
Bright  Passages  that  strike  your  Mind, 
And  which  perhaps  j'ou  may  have  Reason 
To  think  on  at  another  Season, 
Be  not  contented  with  the  Sight, 
But  take  them  down  in  Black  and  White ; 
Such  a  Respect  is  wisely  shown 
That  makes  another's  Sense  one's  own. 

In  Conversation,  when  you  meet 

With  Persons  cheerful  and  discreet. 

That  speak,  or  quote,  in  Pr6se,  or  Rhime, 

Things  or  facetious,  or  sublime, 

Observe  what  passes,  and  anon. 

When  you  come  Home  think  thereupon  ; 

Write  what  occurs,  forget  it  not, 

A  good  Thing  sav'd  's  a  good  Thing  got." 

OVTIS. 

p.  S.  I  transcribe  the  verses  as  printed,  with 


capitals  for  all  substantives,   after  the  German 
fashion  of  the  period. 


PHOTOGRAPHIC    CORRESPONDENCE. 

Stereoscopes.  —  Having  just  read  Sir  David  Brewster's 
Treatise  on  the  Stereoscope,  1  fin.d  that  he  confirms  the 
views  which  I  advanced  on  the  subject  in  "N.  &  Q.," 
during  the  discussion  of  it  in  that  paper.  That  gentleman 
also  shows  that  what  I  stated  in  relation  to  Mr.  G.  Nor- 
man's proposition  relating  to  the  taking  of  two  stereo- 
scopic pictures  in  one,  by  two  apertures,  was  also  correct. 
I  of  course  feel  pleased  to  find  my  opinions  supported  by 
so  high  authority. 

At  the  time  the  discussion  of  stereoscopic  angles  was 
going  on,  you,  if  you  recollect,  put  an  end  to  that  discus- 
sion by,  as  ]  thought,  and  still  think,  very  unfairly 
withholding  my  last  letter,  which  I  stated  should  be  my 
last,  as  Mr.  G.  SnADnoLT  had  said  as  much  as  that  he 
was  one  of  the  incorrigibles.  I  saj'  this  was  unfair,  be- 
cause j'ou  had  disclaimed  responsibility  for  the  opinions 
offered  by  your  correspondents ;  and,  having  allowed  me 
to  give  expression  to  my  views,  j'ou  ought,  in  justice  to 
me,  to  have  admitted  my  reply. 

You  will  act  as  you  deem  proper;  but  if  you  love 
justice  you  will  feel  the  necessity  of  putting  me  right  with 
the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  T.  L.  MePvRitt. 

Maidstone. 


On  Stereoscopes  of  Objects  smaller  than  the  Lens.  —  I 
have  lately  read  SirDavid  Brewster's  work  on  the  stereo- 
scope, in  which  he  has  gone  into  the  subject  thoroughly, 
and  I  dare  say  ably,  and  has  thereby  rendered  good  ser- 
vice to  all  who  may  wish  to  know  the  exact  truth  in  this 
verj^  interesting  subject.  I  must  confess  that,  until  his 
book  came  out,  I  could  not  tell  how  to  set  to  work  as  re- 
garded stereoscopic  pictures,  which  are  wonderful  and 
charming. 

I  cannot  help  thinking,  however,  that  Sir  David 
Brewster  has  made  one  mistake ;  and,  as  it  seems  to  me 
to  offer  a  fair  field  for  elucidation,  perhaps  you  may  not 
object  to  the  subject  being  discussed  in  "  N.  &  Q." 

Sir  David  Brewster  says,  in  p.  17.5.  of  his  book,  when 
objects  less  than  the  lens  are  taken,  that,  beyond  a  certain 
point,  other  objects  behind  and  less  than  the  front  one, 
will  be  seen  through  the  centre  of  it  like  ghosts.  This,  I 
must  say,  startled  me,  and  I  at  once  went  to  work.  I 
placed  a  circular  piece  of  black  card  paper,  half  an  inch 
diameter,  as  my  front  object;  another,  of  white  card- 
paper,  three-sixteenths  of  an  inch  diameter,  behind,  at 
the  nearest  proper  distance :  and,  on  focussing  the  black, 
there  was  seen  a  white  ring  round  the  black  image,  and 
not  within  it,  as  Sir  David  Brewster  says  would  be  the 
case.  There  was  the  fact,  and  I  could  not  understand  it, 
and  so  sat  down  to  think  over  the  puzzle.  I  say  puzzle, 
because  one  of  the  laws  of  optics  says  that  divergent  rays 
are  formed  further  from  the  lens  than  those  which  con- 
verge: yet  there  was- the  white  ring,  which  I  thought 
should  not  be  visible,  or,  if  so,  it  should  occupy  the  whole 
of  the  focussing  glass  except  the  black  card ;  and  not 
only  so,  but  that  any  object,  however  small,  as  it  sends 
divergent  rays  from  every  point  of  itself  to  every  point  of 
the  lens,  there  would  consequently  be  a  thorough  con- 
glomeration for  the  picture.  And  such,  I  believe,  would 
be  the  result  if  divergent  rays  were  brought  to  a  focus. 
How  could  it  be  otherwise"?  But  still  there  was  the 
stubborn  fact  of  the  white  ring  around  the  front  black 
image,    Surely,  said  I,  there  must  be  som?  pther  cause 


2ad  s.  N«  41.,  Oct.  U.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 


293 


for  this  than  that  asserted  by  Sir  David  Brewster,  and  I 
believe  it  to  be  this:  — That  the  rays  from  the  object 
behind  are,  in  passing  the  fi-ont  one,  refracted,  and  that 
they,  and  not  the  divergent  rays,  produced  the  white 
ring;  and  this  opinion  was  strengthened  as  I  went  on, 
for  I  measured  the  pictures  on  my  focussing-glass,  then 
removed  the  front  black  card-paper,  and  I  found  the 
image  of  the  white  paper  measured  very  considerably 
less  than  before.  I  tried  this  at  various  distances,  always 
with  a  like  result. 

This  seems  to  me  to  solve  the  mystery ;  for,  did  the 
divergent  rays  produce  the  image,  it  would  measure  alike 
both  before  and  after  removal  of  the  front  object.  I  be- 
lieve that  pictures  produced  by  a  lens  are  the  resultants 
of  the  convergent  rays,  and  that  those  which  diverge 
would,  as  I  said,  be  a  confused,  conglomerated  mess,  and 
not  a  picture  at  all.  I  at  once  admit  that  I  know  very 
little  of  the  science  of  optics,  and  that  I  have  been  guided 
b}'  mere  common  sense  in  this  matter,  and  am,  very  likely, 
in  error.  Still  I  consider  it  a  fit  subject  for  elucidation  ; 
for  it  is  evident  that  Sir  David  Brewster's  statement  is, 
in  some  way  or  other,  incorrect ;  and,  unless  you  object, 
I  have  no  doubt  that  some  of  your  correspondents,  much 
mere  conversant  with  optics  than  I,  will  soon  clear  up 
this  point.  J.  Stephens. 

Brompton  Barracks,  Sept.  26, 1856. 


leitpXlti  t0  Minor  ^xttviti. 

Mayor  of  London  in  1,335  (2"''  S.  i.  353.  483. 
520.  ;  ii.  213.  258.)  —  Lambert  (^History  and 
Survey  of  London,  1806,  vol.  i.  p.  227.)  says  : 

"  The  same  year  [the  context  is  "  in  the  year  of  our 
reign  over  England  the  eighteenth,  but  of  our  reign  over 
France  the  fifth  "]  the  king  granted  Reginald  de  Con- 
ductu,  an  annuity  of  twenty-one  pounds,  arising  from 
several  messuages  in  the  city  belonging  to  the  crown,  in 
consequence  of  the  said  Reginald  having,  during  his 
mayoralty,  in  the  ninth  and  tenth  years  \_sic'\  of  the  reign 
of  Edward  III.,  expended  large  sums  of  money  for  the 
benefit  of  the  citizens  in  general :  and  for  other  reasons 
which  did  him  honour  both  as  a  man  and  a  magistrate." 

Some  of  your  contributors  may  be  able  to  refer 
to  tbis  grant. 

Vol.  iii.  of  the  above  work  (pp.  352.  to  366.) 
contains  a  list  of  mayors  and  sheriffs  from  1189  to 
1 806,  from  which  I  extract  the  following : 

« 1327. 
Mayor.       Hamond  Chyckwell. 
Sheriffs,    Gylbert  Moordon,  Johan  Cotton. 

1328. 
Mayor.  Johan  Grauntham. 
Sheriffs.    Henry  Darcey,  Johan  Hawteyne. 

1329. 
Mayor.       Symond  Swanland. 
Sheriffs.    Sym.  Fraunces,  Hen.  Combmartyme. 

1330. 
Mayor.  "  Johan  Pounteney. 
Sheriffs.    Eychard  Lazar,  Henry  Gysors. 

1331. 
Mayor.  Johan  Pounteney. 
Sheriffs.    Robert  of  Ely,  Thomas  Harwode. 


1332. 
Mayor.      Johan  Preston. 
Sheriffs.    Johan  Mockynge,  Andrew  Awbry. 

1333. 
Mayor,  Johan  Pounteney. 
Sheriffs.    Nicholas  Pyke,  Johan  Husband. 

1334. 
3Tayor.      Eeyn.  at  Conduyte. 
Sheriffs.    Johan  Hamonde,  Wyll.  Hansarde. 

1335. 
Mayor.      Eeyn.  at  Conduyte. 
Sheriff's.    Johan  Kyngston,  Walter  Turke. 

1336, 
Mayor.  Johan  Pountenej'. 
Sheriff's.    Walter  Mordon,  Eichard  Upton. 

1337, 
Mayor.      Henry  Darcey. 
Sheriffs.    Wyllyam  Brykelsworth,  Jn.  Northall." 

There  is  no  Wotton  but  "  Nicholas,"  who  makes 
his  first  appearance  in  1415  ;  his  second  in  143J}, 
No  reference  is  given  to  any  authority  for  the 
list.  K.  Webb. 

40.  Hanover  Street,  Pimlico, 

Heraldry;  Ordinaries  of  Arms  (2"'^  S,  il.  249.) 
—  The  family  to  which  a  coat  of  arras  belongs  may 
be  ascertained  by  reference  to  those  classified  col- 
lections of  heraldry  technically  termed  ordinaries 
of  arms,  of  which  the  best  is  that  compiled  by 
Robert  Glover,  Somerset  Herald.  It  has  been 
printed  with  additions  by  Edmondson  and  Berry 
in  their  works  on  heraldry.  The  original  MS.  is 
in  the  College  of  Arms.  Several  MS.  ordinaries 
may  be  found  in  the  British  Museum,  especially 
among  the  Harleian  Collection. 

All  the  ordinaries  I  have  seen  have  been  formed 
without  any  fixed  rule  for  determining  under  what 
head  a  coat  is  entered.  Thus,  Argent,  a  lion  ram- 
pant, gules,  on  a  chief  sable,  three  escallops  of  the 
field,  is  indifferently  entered  under  the  title  of 
Lions,  or  Chiefs,  or  Escallops;  and  perhaps  it  is 
found  under  all  three,  A  good  ordinary  is  a  de- 
sideratum in  heraldic  literature,  and  ought  to  be 
supplied.  The  best  in  point  of  arrangement  which 
has  fallen  under  my  notice  is  annexed  to  A  Roll 
of  Arms  of  Peers  and  Knights  in  the  Reign  of 
Edtvard  II.,  by  Sir  N,  H.  Nicolas,  Lond.  1828. 
The  number  of  arms,  however,  is  extremely 
limited.  Thompson  Cooper. 

The  only  printed  work  to  assist  R.  is  Perry's 
EncyclopcBdia  Heraldica,  an  ordinary,  near  the  end 
of  vol.  i.  Mr.  Papworth  has  a  very  valuable  work 
of  this  description  in  preparation  for  the  press. 

R,  S. 

For  the  information  which  R.  requires,  he 
should  consult  an  Ordinary  of  Arms,  which  is  the 
converse  of  a  Dictionary  of  Arms ;  the  bearings 
being  arranged  under  the  principal  features,  as 


294 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«d  S.  NO  41.,  Ocfr.  11.  '56. 


Fesses,  Crosses,  Lions,  Eagles,  Fleurs-de-Hs,  &c. 
I  have  found  Glover's  "Ordinary,"  in  Berry's 
Encycloptjedia  of  Heraldry,  very  useful. 

Mahk  Antony  Lower. 
Lewes. 

Heraldic  (2""^  S.  ii.  249.)  —  O'Mallby  inquires 
whether  a  person  descended  from  the  same  branch 
of  a  family  as  J.  J.,  grantee,  in  1600,  of  arms 
granted  to  said  J.  J.,  and  limited  to  his  grand- 
father's male  descendants,  could  use  the  same 
crest  with  J,  J.  ?  The  confusion  in  the  inquiry 
is  great ;  but  it  is  clear  that  granted  honours  ai'e 
limited  by  the  patent  granting  them,  whether 
arms  or  crest,  which  does  not  always  accompany 
arms.  Lancastriensis. 

Judge  Jessop  (2"'^  S.  ii.  p.  249.) — "William 
Jessop  of  Bromehall,  co.  York,  was  a  Bencher  of 
Gray's  Inn,  Treasurer  and  Commissioner  of  the 
Alienation  Office,  one  of  the  King's  Judges  for 
Chester,  and  nine  times  elected  M.P.  for  Aldbo- 
rough  in  Yorkshire.  He  married  Mary,  only  issue 
of  James  Darcy  of  Sedbury  (created  Aug.  1, 
1721,  Baron  Darcy  of  Navan  in  Ireland),  by  his 
first  wife,  Bethia,  daughter  of  George  Payler,  of 
Nunmonkton,  Esq.,  which  Bethia  died  in  childbed 
Nov.  19,  1671,  aged  eighteen  years  and  eight 
days.  William  Jessop,  who  died  Nov.  15,  1734, 
aged  seventy  years,  and  was  buried  in  the  chancel 
of  the  parish  church  of  Sheffield,  had  issue  one 
son  and  four  daughters.  The  son,  James  Jessop, 
succeeded  by  limitation  to  the  title  of  Lord  Darcy 
of  Navan,  on  the  death  of  his  grandfather,  July  19, 
1731,  and  assumed  the  name  of  Darcy ;  but  he 
died  unmarried,  June  15,  1733,  aged  twenty-six 
years,  when  his  sisters  became  his  coheirs.  Both 
lords  are  buried  at  Gilling  in  Richmondshire. 

Patonce. 

The  Lord  Dean  ofYorl  (2"^  S.  ii.  171.)  — I 
have  been  unable  to  discover  the  name  of  the  suf- 
fragan who,  according  to  Strype,  was  Dean  of 
York.  John  Young,  who  was  Master  of  the  Rolls 
and  Dean  of  York,  died  in  1516,  and  has  not,  to 
the  best  of  my  knowledge,  been  identified  with 
John  Young,  the  Suffragan  Bishop  of  Callipolis. 
John  Thornburgh,  who  at  the  end  of  the  same 
century  was  successively  Bishop  of  Limerick  and 
Bristol,  was  permitted  to  hold  the  deanery  of 
York  in  commendam,  but  he  can  hardly  be  the 
person  who  is  alluded  to  in  Strype's  Amials,  sub 
anno  1597,  as  "  an  old  suffragan." 

In  one  case  only  have  I  found  the  dean  honoured 
with  the  title  of  Lord.  In  Nov.  1534,  John 
Sheffield  leaves  to  Brian  Higden  "  my  Lord  Dean, 
my  chalece,  my  best  corporaxe  case,  and  my  best 
corporaxe  in  it."  The  earliest  decanal  leases  com- 
mence in  the  latter  part  of  the  reign  of  Elizabeth, 
and  in  them  the  grantee  is  always  termed  "  the 
right  worshipful  the   Deaii."     This  form  is  still 


adhered  to,  and  none  of  the  officials  of  the  chapter 
have  ever  heard  of  the  existence  of  any  other. 

I  am  inclined  to  think  that  the  title  of  "  My 
Lord,"  when  applied  to  the  Dean  of  York,  was 
one  merely  of  respect,  although  in  some  cases  per- 
haps the  offices  in  the  State  which  the  deans 
occasionally  held  would  entitle  them  to  that  ho- 
nourable appellation.  It  may,  however,  be  readily 
accounted  for  by  the  high  position  which  those 
dignitaries  occupied  in  their  own  church.  There 
they  had  beneath  them  a  sub-dean,  a  body  of 
nearly  forty  canons,  with  vicars  choral,  and  other 
officers  innumerable.  In  consequence  of  its  im- 
portance very  many  distinguished  men  have  held 
the  deanery :  four  cardinals  have  enjoyed  the 
office,  and  no  less  than  twenty-three  of  the  deans 
have  been  elevated  to  the  Episcopal  Bench. 

SOCIDS  DUNELM. 

Sandys' s  "  Ovid"  (2"''  S.  ii.  255.)  — My  copy  of 
this  work,  having  1632  in  printed  and  engraved 
titles,  mentions  King  Charles's  "  acceptance  of  my 
Travels"  when  '■'■our  hope," — but  why  should  this 
be  turned  into  "  trav«?ls,"  and  referred  to  2^  former 
edition  of  the  Ovid,  which  does  not  appear,  to  have 
any  dedication  in  the  incomplete  editions  pub- 
lished when  Charles  was  Prince  ?  Geo.  Sandys 
also  published  Travels,  in  the  plain  sense  of  the 
word,  in  1615,  republished  1621,  1627,  &c. ;  and 
as  the  Censura  Literaria  gives  the  remarkable 
Dedication  to  the  Prince  (Charles)  in  this  3rd 
edition,  there  can  be  little  doubt  of  the  same 
having  appeared  in  the  two  editions  published 
when  Charles  was  the  "  hope,"  and  that  this  is  the 
Dedication  referred  to  in  the  Ovid  of  1632. 

Lancastriensis. 

Bradshaw  of  Darcy  Lever  (2""  S.  ii.249.)— The 
locality,  as  printed,  is  inaccurately  given.  The 
pedigree  was  duly  entered  in  the  Lancashire 
Visitation  of  1664  (c.  37.,  Coll.  Arm.),  and  con- 
tinued to  the  present  time,  by  the  grandchildren 
of  James  Bradshaw,  Esq.,  mentioned  in  the  books 
of  modern  entries.  Arms  duly  allowed  in  both 
cases.  Lancastriensis. 

Musical  Notation  :  Dr.  Gnnntlett  (2"'>  S.  ii.  90.) 
—  As  accuracy  in  quotation  is  always  advocated 
in  your  valuable  publication,  may  I  be  allowed 
space  to  correct  the  reference  made  by  Dr. 
Gauntlett  to  one  of  my  works  ?  The  title  of 
the  book,  in  brief,  is  The  Sketcher's  Manual,  or 
the  whole  Art  of  Picture-making  reduced  to  the 
simplest  Principles,  &c. ;  and  arrogant  as  the  title 
may  be,  or  appear,  I  have  endeavoured  to  explain 
the  subject  in  the  simplest  language ;  no  such 
"  hard  "  words  as  "  praxis  "  occurring  throughout. 
After  referring  to  pictorial  effect  as  the  quality 
which  distinguished  a  picture  from  a  map,  I  asked : 
"  la  what  does  this  magical  power  consist  ?  Is 
there  any  work  in  which  it  is  explained  or  in- 


2nds.  N<>41.,0cT.  11. '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


295 


vestigated?"  This  was  published  in  1837,  and 
has  since  gone  through  several  editions,  but  I  have 
not  found  any  necessity  to  alter  the  reply  that 
there  was  no  work  which  attempted  to  explain  or 
point  out  the  object  to  be  attained  by  those  who 
endeavoured  'to  draw.  It  is  still,  I  believe,  the 
only  "  Manual "  for  sketchers  who  naturally  wish 
to  "  make  pictures."  Frank  Howard, 

Liverpool. 

The  Mincio  (2"'i  S.  ii.  228.)  —  It  will  not  be  an 
easy  task  to  answer  the  inquiry  "when  the  Upper 
Mincio  lost  its  name,  and  assumed  that  of  Sarca, 
by  which  it  is  now  alone  known."  But  the  fol- 
lowing extract  from  Fracastorius  proves  that  it 
had  acquired  the  modern  name  more  than  three 
hundred  years  ago : 

"  Ereptum  jMusarum  e  dulcibus  ulnia 
Te  miserum  ante  diem  crudeli  funere,  Marce 
Antoni,  setatis  primo  sub  flore  cadentem 
Vidimus  extrema  positura  Benacide  rip^, 
Quain  media  inter  saxa  sonans  Sarca  abluit  undd." 

Fracastorii  Syphilis,  lib.  i.,  near  the  end. 

Fracastorius  was  born  a.d.  1483,  and  died  1553. 

J.  W.  Farrer. 

Name  (Rev.  William,  of  Dysart)  (2"'»  S.  ii. 
209.)  —  There  can  be  little  doubt  as  to  the  ex- 
treme rarity  of  copies  of  the  Pearle  of  Prayer.  I 
have  never  seen  a  copy,  or  even  heard  of  one 
being  for  sale  since  1818  or  1819,  when  it  ap- 
peared in  a  catalogue  of  an  exceedingly  valuable 
and  curious  collection  of  books  belonging  to  "  Mr. 
William  Laing,  Bookseller,  South  Bridge  Street, 
Edinburgh."  The  copy  which  he  had  for  sale 
wanted  the  title-page,  and  was  priced  7s.  6d. 

The  Kev.  William  Name  was  the  author  of 
another  work  of  much  greater  rarity,  entitled 
Christes  Starre.  Some  curious  particulars  of  him 
will  be  found  in  a  privately  printed  volume,  en- 
titled Notices  from  the  Local  Records  of  Dysart, 
4to.  1853.  He  is  also  mentioned  in  Charters' 
Catalogues  of  Scotish  Wnters,  8vo.  1833,  and 
The  Chronicle  of  Fife,  4to.,  1810  and  1830. 

T.  G.  S. 

Edinburgh. 

The  Ducking  Stool  and  Jenny  Pipes  (2"'^  S.  ii. 
38.)  —  I  remember  some  forty  years  since  seeing 
this  curious  instrument  of  torture  at  Leominster, 
being  put  in  repair  and  painted  red,  after  which 
it  was  taken  to  the  water  side  near  a  mill  in  the 
Marsh,  a  street  called  by  that  name,  and  experi- 
mented upon  in  order  to  see  if  it  worked  properly. 
I  have  also  a  letter  before  me  from  a  very  old  and 
intimate  friend  who  knew  Jenny  Pipes  well,  as 
not  one  of  the  best  of  characters,  and  whose  habits 
of  sobriety  were  not  of  the  highest  order  ;  he  also 
speaks  of  a  resident  of  that  town,  still  living,  who 
has  a  perfect  recollection  of  the  circumstance  of 
Jenny's  ducking,  having  been  an  eye-witness  of 


the  scene,  and  who  states  that  she  was  the  last 
person  who  went  through  that  peculiar  wet  ordeal, 
and  that  it  is  as  near  sixty-eight  years  agone  as 
may  be.  In  the  autumn  of  last  year,  being  on  a 
visit  to  that  ancient  town,  I  had  the  curiosity  to  go 
in  search  of  the  said  ducking  stool,  and  found  it 
still  in  existence,  being  stowed  away  in  the  church, 
in  a  corner  of  what  once  was  a  very  greatly  orna- 
mented chapel  of  small  dimensions,  the  walls  of 
which  were  then  covered  with  the  remains  of  un- 
distinguishable  paintings,  notwithstanding  the 
barbarous  whitewash,  the  colours  being  still  in 
many  places  in  tolerable  preservation.  Is  there 
any  Leominster  antiquary  who  could  give  us 
some  account  of  this  chapel  or  chantry,  and  its 
paintings  ?  In  my  remembrance  this  place  was 
merely  a  receptacle  for  rubbish  and  coals.  It  is  a 
portion  of  the  very  ancient  priory  church  spared 
from  the  destructive  fire  which  occurred  on  the 
18  th  of  March  in  the  year  1700.  Could  these 
paintings  be  deciphered  much  light  may,  no  doubt, 
be  thrown  on  its  former  use,  and  the  period  of 
its  erection,  probably,  ascertained.  Is  the  duck- 
ing stool  used  at  Kingston-on-Thames  in  the  year 
1738  still  in  being?  and  are  there  any  others  yet 
remaining  in  this  country  ?        J.  B.  Whitbobne. 

Battle  of  Brunnanhurg  (2"'i  S.  ii.  229.  277.)  — 
Sharon  Turner's  authorities  for  the  statement 
that  "  Anlaf  commenced  the  warfare  by  entering 
the  Humber  with  a  fleet  of  615  ships,"  and  more 
especially  concerning  the  circumstance  of  his  sail- 
ing up  the  Humber,  are  to  be  found  in  the  Chro- 
nicle of  Melrose  : 

"  A.D.  936.  Anlaf,  King  of  Ireland,  entered  the  mouth 
of  the  river  Humber  with  six  hundred  and  fifteen  ships." 

Another  authority  is  to  be  found  in  Simeon  of 
Durham's  History  of  the  Kings,  a.d.  937  : 

"  Anlaf  the  Pagan,  King  of  the  Irishmen,  and  of  many 
islands,  stirred  up  by  his  father-in-law  Constantino,  King 
of  the  Scots,  entered  the  mouth  of  the  river  Humber  with 
a  powerful  fleet." 

Again  it  is  mentioned  in  the  Chronicle  of  Florence 
of  Worcester,  a.d.  938  : 

"Anlaf,  the  Pagan  King  of  the  Irish  and  of  many 
islands  besides,  at  the  instigation  of  his  father-in-law 
Constantino,  King  of  the  Scots,  entered  the  mouth  of  the 
river  Humber  with  a  powerful  fleet." 

The  extracts  are  from  the  translations  of  the 
Rev.  Joseph  Stevenson  in  the  Church  Historians 
of  England.  Charles  S.  S. 

Bath  Characters  (2»^  S.  ii.  253.)  —I  have  a  Key 
to  these  characters  agreeing  with  your  printed 
one,  and  written  at  the  time  of  publication  on  the 
fly-leaf  by  a  constant  visitor  of  Bath.  It  contains 
also  the  names  of  the  "  virtuous  widow,"  and  of 
the  two  baronets,  the  military  officer  and  younger 
man,  alluded  to  in  pp.  18,  19,  which  are  best  for- 
gotten. Lancastriensis. 


296 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2^8.  No  41.,  Oct.  11. '56. 


Unpublished  Letter  of  Pope  to  Wanley  (2"'*  S.  ii. 
242.)  —  This  letter  had  previously  been  printed. 
It  may  be  found  at  p.  28.  of  the  second  volume  of 
Additions  to  the  Works  of  Alexander  Pope,  Esq.; 
together  with  many  Original  Poems  and  Letters  of 
Cotemporary  Writers,  never  before  published: 
London,  printed  for  H.  Baldwin,  &c.,  small  8vo., 
1776.     The  editor  says  in  his  Preface  : 

"  Many  of  the  Letters  and  Poems,  of  which  this  pub- 
lication consists,  were  transcribed  with  accuracy  from  the 
originals,  in  the  collections  of  the  late  Lords  Oxford  and 
Bolingbroke,  who  are  well  known  to  have  lived  in  the 
strictest  intimacy  with  Mr.  Pope,  as  well  as  his  literary 
friends  and  associates." 

The  letter  in  question  is  evidently  taken  from 
the  original  in  the  Harleian  Collection.  To  Signor 
Alberto,  the  editor  appends  the  following  note  : 

"  Humphrey  Wanley  was  Lord  Oxford's  librarian ; 
Alberto  Croce,  his  wine-merchant." 

It  is  by  no  means  clear  to  me  "  that  Humphrey 
Wanley  combined  an  agency  for  wine  and  spirits 
with  literary  pursuits."  The  allusion  in  Dr. 
Hickes's  letter  is  probably  to  this  same  Alberto 
Croce,  Wanley's  friend.      Edwakd  F.  Eimbault. 

The  last  Gibbet  erected  v.  The  Gibbet  last  erected 
(2"'>  S.  ii.  216.)  —  The  gibbet  which  lately  stood  in 
Jarrow  Slake,  near  South  Shields,  and  on  which  the 
body  of  William  Jobling,  the  murderer  of  Nicholas 
Fairies,  was  hung  on  August  6,  1832,  was,  I  have 
always  understood,  the  last  thing  of  the  kind  ever 
set  up  on  English  soil.  It  being  now  removed, 
and  sawn  into  pieces  (as  witness  a  thick  slice  of  it 
now  lying  before  me),  I  think  it  is  quite  correct 
to  say  that  "  the  last  gibbet  erected  in  England 
has  been  demolished."  Jacob's  post,  set  up  in 
1734,  was  certainly  not  the  last  erected ;  and, 
therefore,  the  fact  that  a  piece  of  it  still  remains 
does  not  invalidate  the  statement  made  in  the 
local  papers  with  regard  to  Jobling's ;  although 
the  wording  of  the  paragraph  was  equivocal,  as  it 
might  be  taken  to  mean  that  every  gibbet  in  the 
country  was  now  demolished,  which  is  not  the 
case.  For,  besides  that  on  Ditchling  Common, 
referred  to  by  your  correspondent,  it  is  my  im- 
pression that  there  is  yet  another,  at  least,  viz. 
one  at  Sting  Cross,  in  the  parish  of  Elsdon,  Nor- 
thumberland, on  which  Winter  the  murderer  was 
hung  in  chains,  in  1792.     There  may  be  more. 

WiLLM.  Bbockie. 
2.  Russell  Street,  South  Shields. 

Duke  of  Fitz- James  (2"'»  S.  ii.  256.)  —  About  a 
century  ago,  in  1752,  Francis,  Duke  of  Fitz- 
James,  and  peer  of  France,  was  Bishop  of  Soissons. 
He  bore  the  royal  arms  of  England  with  a  border 
of  alternate  lions  and  fleurs-de-lys,  with  the  motto, 
"  Ortu  et  Honore."  Was  he  a  son  of  the  Duke 
of  Berwick,  who  was  killed  at  the  siege  of  Philips- 
burg,  on  June  12,  1734  ?  F.  C.  H. 


Climate  of  Hastings  (2°^  S.  ii.  149.)  — A  few- 
weeks  ago,  a  correspondent  inquired  for  any  pub- 
lished meteorological  observations  relating  to 
Hastings,  besides  those  contained  in  the  works 
he  mentioned.  He  will  find  a  "  Register  of  the 
Temperature  and  Winds  at  Hastings  from  22nd 
November  1827  to  31st  March  1828,  by  J.  Fielden, 
Esq.,"  in  Dr.  J.  R.  Farre's  Journal  of  Morbid 
Anatomy,  1828,  p.  120.  L,  G. 

Origin  of  Burning  the  Dead  (P*  S.  i.  216.  308.) 
—  The  Rev.  Dr.  Bigelow  has  written  that  the 
"  ancient  custom  of  burning  the  dead  thus  origin- 
ated : " 

"  When  a  hero  died,  or  was  killed  in  a  foreign  expedi- 
tion, as  his  body  was  corruptible,  and  therefore  unfit  to  be 
transported  entire,  the  expedient  was  hit  upon  to  reduce 
it  to  ashes,  that  by  bringing  those  home,  the  manes  of 
the  deceased  might  be  obliged  to  follow,  and  the  benefit 
of  his  tutelage  be  secured  to  his  country.  By  degrees 
the  custom  became  common,  and  superseded  the  ancient 
mode  of  burial." 

w.  w. 

Malta. 

Rose  of  Jericho  (2""  S.  ii.  236.)  —  Your  corre- 
spondents F.  C.  H.  and  R.  H.  D.  will  find  an  ac- 
count of  the  real  Rose  of  Jericho,  as  distinguished 
from  the  Kaff-Maryam,  the  Rose  of  Jericho  of  the 
Pilgrims  (Anastatica  hierochuntica),  at  pp.  533, 
534,  535.  of  vol.  i.  of  De  Saulay's  Narrative  of  a 
Journey  round  the  Dead  Sea  and  in  the  Bible  Lands. 

E.J. 

Lampeter,  Cardiganshire. 

Can  Fish  be  tamed  f  (2"'»  S.  ii.  173.  235.)  —In 
Blackwood's  Edinburgh  Magazine  for  the  present 
month  (October),  in  an  article  entitled  "  Our 
Tour  in  the  Interior  of  the  Crimea,"  speaking  of 
the  celebrated  Prince  Woronzoff's  palace,  occurs 
the  following  passage,  which  may  prove  interesting 
to  your  correspondents  Sigma  Theta  and  B.  H.  C. : 

"  The  house  itself  -was  designed  and  constructed  by 
English  architects,  and  has  a  very  imposing  appearance 
from  the  sea.  The  grounds,  too,  are  beautifully  laid  out, 
with  several  small  crystalline  pools  that  contain  tame 
trout.  The  south  coast  of  the  Crimea  is  remarkable  for 
the  abundance  and  excellent  quality  of  the  water ;  small 
clear  brooks  are  continually  crossing  the  road,  and  they 
proved  a  great  luxury  to  our  horses  during  the  trip." 

Can  any  of  your  correspondents  inform  me  if 
this  is  the  same  species  of  trout  which  inhabit  our 
freshwater  rivers  ?  J.  B.  Whitbobne. 

A  gentleman  in  Norfolk,  a  few  years  ago,  had  even 
so  far  tamed  a  pike,  that  he  would  come  up  for  a 
dead  mouse  or  bird  which  the  gentleman  held  up 
over  the  water,  and  seize  it  voraciously.    F.  C.  H. 

I  had  in  my  aquarium  for  some  months  a  diminu- 
tive perch,  not  much  more  than  an  inch  In  length, 
who  soon  learned  to  rise  to  a  worm,  and  take  it 
from  my  fingers  without  the  least  hesitation. 


2"<i  S.  No  41.,  Oct.  11.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


297 


My  little  pet,  however,  unluckily  insisted  upon 
devourinji;  worms  larger  than  himself,  and  at  last 
fell  a  victim  to  his  own  voracity. 

W.  J.  Beenhaed  Smith. 

Temple. 

See  Martial,  lib.  iv.,  epigramma  30.,  Ad  Pisca- 
torem.  J-  H.  L. 

Ilowland  Family  (P'  S.  xi.484.) — I  have  made 
some  inquiry,  and  believe  the  Rowlands  of  Essex 
are  extinct.  One  branch  were  landowners  at 
Dunraow  and  Little  Canfield,  and  another  branch 
lived  near  Saffron  Walden  The  Howlands  of 
Streatham  had  considerable  estates  in  Essex.  One 
estate  of  theirs  is  my  property,  having  been  pur- 
chased by  an  ancestor  of  mine  from  a  Duke  of 
Bedford,  who  inherited  it  from  his  mother,  the 
heiress  of  John  Howland  of  Streatham.  My 
great-great-grandfather,  Thomas  Holt,  was  rector 
of  Streatham  ;  he  was  related  to  Mrs.  Howland, 
who  was  a  sister  of  Sir  Josiah  Child,  and  by  her 
he  was  presented  to  the  living. 

I  see  Mrs.  Beecher  Stowe,  in  Dred,  talks  of  the 
Howlands  as  among  the  old  families  in  the  slave 
states.  A.  Holt  White. 

PS.  The  arms  of  Howland  are  given  in  Mo- 
rant's  History  of  Essex, 

Songs  on  Tobacco  (2"'^  S.  i.  320.)  — In  the  re- 
cent notes  on  these  songs  in  "  N.  &  Q."  I  do  not 
recollect  seeing  any  notice  of  the  spirited  old 
verses  composed  by  Barten  Holiday,  in  his  Tex- 
notamia,  1630,  which  begin  thus  : 

"  Tobacco's  a  musician, 

And  in  a  pipe  delighteth, 
It  descends  in  a  close 
Through  the  organs  of  the  nose 

With  a  relish  that  inviteth." 

In  a  similar  strain  the  virtues  of  tobacco  as  a 
lawyer,  physician,  traveller,  critic,  Ignis  Fatuus, 
and  "  Whiffler,"  arc  sung ;  the  verses  seem  to  be 
additionally  curious  as  being  probably  the  earliest 
ode  on  a  weed  which  was,  when  first  imported, 
thought  rather  odious  than  odorous,  and  might 
have  solaced  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  under  the  drench- 
ing with  which,  as  the  story  goes,  his  servant 
favoured  him,  for  the  purpose  of  "putting  him 
out"  when  enveloped  in  the  smoke  of  his  pipe. 

T.  H.  Pattison. 

Crooked  Naves  (2"-^  S.  i.  158. ;  ii.  276.)— There 
are  several  cases  in  this  neighbourhood  where  the 
chancel  and  the  nave  of  the  church  are  at  a 
different  angle:  the  most  decided  case  is  that 
of  Horsted  Church,  near  Uckfield,  where,  to  a 
person  who  has  the  organ  of  perception  strongly 
developed,  the  appearance  is  almost  painful.  In 
the  church  of  Chailey,  it  is  very  obvious. 

E.  W.  B. 

Lewes. 


Clerical  County  Magistrates  (1"  S.  xii.  494. ; 
2""^  S.  i.  18.)  — I  find  in  the  Gardeners'  Chronicle 
newspaper  for  October  23,  1841,  the  following  in- 
formation, which  is  there  declared  to  be  "  accord- 
ing to  an  official  statement :  " 

Clerical.  Lay. 

Total  of  England  and  Wales  -  1354  4017 

Middlesex    -----      16  153 

York,  West  Riding       -        -        -    103  311 

Kent 2  145 

Northamptonshire         -        -        -  ~    35  49 

Sussex 0  189 

Herefordshire       .        -        -        -      58  97 

Lincolnshire         .        .        -        -      52  59 

Suffolk 58  98 

Northumberland  -        -        -        -      15  40 

Worcestershire     -        -        -        -      44  92 

Buckingham        -        -        -        -      54  90 

I  have  counted  in  the  List  of  Magistrates  in 
the  Pocket  Books  for  this  year  that  there  at  pre- 
sent in  — 

Clerical.  Lay. 

Suffolk. 69  132 

Norfolk 65  245 

But  as  the  numbers  in  Suffolk  at  present  are  so 
much  greater  than  those  given  in  the  official  state- 
ment, I  suppose  that  in  the  statement  only  the 
acting  magistrates  were  included. 

Can  any  of  your  readers  refer  me  to  an  official 
statement  of  more  recent  date  than  that  which  I 
have  just  quoted  from  the  Gardeners'  Chronicle,  in 
which  you  will  observe  forty-two  entire  counties 
and  two  ridings  of  Yorkshire  are  omitted. 

Geo.  E.  Fkeeb. 

Eoyden  Hall,  Diss. 

Hushands  authorised  to  beat  their  Wives  (2""^  S. 
ii.  108.)  —  Praed  wrote  a  parody  on  "The  Sham- 
rock "  entitled  "  The  Crabstock ; "  the  burden 
was  : 

"  Oh  the  Crabstock,  the  green  immortal  Crabstock, 
Love  bestows  the  useless  Rose, 
But  Hymen  gives  the  Crabstock." 

The  god  addressed  BuUer  I  recollect : 

"  And  let  thy  thumb's  capacious  span 
From  henceforth  fix  its  measure^'  — 

not  "  little  finger,"  as  Henpecked  supposes. 

J.  H.  L. 

Clarence  (2"''  S.  ii.  221.)  — When  the  Archajo- 
logical  Association  visited  Tutbury  some  five  years 
since,  I  recollect  that  Sir  O.  Mosley  related  several 
incidents  connected  with  the  captivity  of  Lady 
Jane  Grey  ;  amongst  others,  that  she  had  a  weekly 
allowance  of  wine  (I  think  Malmsey)  for  a  bath. 
It  was  mentioned  at  the  time  as  giving  a  rational 
explanation  of  Clarence's  mysterious  death. 

II.  Moody. 
Birmingham. 

Ancient  Monastic  Libraries  (2"''  S.  ii.  258.)  — 
The  editor  of  the  work  named  was  Mr.  W.  A. 
Hulton,  not  Milton.  Lancastriensis. 


298 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2«"iS.  NMl.,  Oct.  11. '56. 


l^he  Deities  who  presided  over  the  Fingers  (2"'^  S. 
ii.  133.  220.) — You  lately  noticed  the  names  of 
the  divinities  who  presided  over  the  days  of  the 
week.  The  following  paragraph  from  Tahle 
Traits  and  something  on  them,  refers  to  a  more 
singular  guardianship  : 

"I  do  not  know  if  cooks  used  different  fingers  in 
mingling  their  sauces,  according  as  they  were  employed 
on  wedding-banquets,  martial  feasts,  senatorial  entertain- 
ments, or  commercial  suppers,  but  certain  it  is  that  the 
fingers  Avere  sacred  to  divine  deities.  The  thumb  was 
devoted  to  Venus,  the  index-finger  to  Mars,  the  longest 
finger  to  Saturn,  the  next  to  the  Sun,  and  the  little  finger 
to  Mercury." 

In  the  book  on  Divination  by  Palmistry,  which 
Melampus  dedicated  to  Ptolemy,  the  author  states 
that  a  tremulous  motion  in  the  thumb  designates 
felicity  in  conjugal  love.  In  the  Epidicus  of 
Plautus,  Periphanes  asks  Philippa  to  show  him 
her  hand.  On  taking  it,  the  old  man  exclaims, 
"  Quid  est,  quod  vultus  te  turhat  tuus  ?  "  but  vultm 
is  said  to  be  a  misprint  for  digitus.  As  the  affair 
in  course  of  discussion  is  one  connected  with  love, 
and  as  Philippa  recovers  her  daughter  Thalestis, 
the  trembling  of  the  "  digitus  magnus  "  is  a  good 
sign  from  Venus ;  and  the  substitution  of  vultus 
is  evidently  wrong,  for  Periphanes  is  looking  at 
the  hand,  not  at  the  face.  J.  Doran. 

^'  Rand''  (2"'^  S.  ii.  237.)— In  addition  to  what 
B.  H.  C.  states  respecting  this  word  as  a  technical 
term  in  the  trade  of  the  shoemaker,  will  you  allow 
me  to  observe,  that  the  rand  is  a  slip  of  leather  or 
other  material  so  contrived  as  to  unfold  or  bind 
round  another  substance,  this  binding  piece  or 
covering  making  the  rand :  and  hence  in  the  old 
style  of  ladies'  shoes,  when  "  high  heels,"  distinc- 
tively so  called,  were  in  vogue,  whatever  became 
the  outside  or  cover  of  the  whole  of  the  inner  or 
heightening  fabric,  whether  formed  of  wood  or 
leather  (though  generally  wood  was  so  employed), 
bore  this  name :  plain  black-grain  leather,  black 
Spanish,  yellow  or  red  morocco,  (our  great  British 
statesman,  Charles  James  Fox,  having  occasionally 
been  seen  in  these  red-heel  shoes !)  ;  prunella, 
silk  or  satin,  sheepskin  stained,  or  faced  with  a 
coating  of  bees-wax  impregnated  with  some  colour- 
ing pigment,  grey,  green,  yellow,  or  red  ;  of  these 
different  materials  were  rands  formed,  and  in  this 
way  set  off  to  please  all  tastes. 

Kor  was  this  all :  for  in  the  same  old  times,  the 
sole-part  of  boots  and  shoes  were  often  randed  as 
well  as  the  heels,  especially  the  ladies'  shoe,  and  also 
for  the  gent,  when  about  to  step  forth  so  staidly 
in  his  court  costume  ;  these  rands,  whether  of  the 
heel  or  the  sole,  being  generally  handsomely 
stitched  with  a  thread  of  some  dashing  colour; 
and  is  still  to  be  detected  in  numberless  paintings 
of  the  kings,  queens,  and  other  great  folk  of  the 
by-gone  ages, —  the  tapestries  of  Hampton  Court, 
and  those  of  the  Gobelina  at  Paris  and  elsewhere, 


vouching  to  the  same  fiict.  And  this  with  the 
shoemaker  was  called  "  stitch-work,"  a  term  now 
wholly  obsolete,  though  occasionally  the  practice 
is  continued,  as  at  some  great  gala  time,  when  the 
high  lady  and  lord  are  constrained  to  pay  honour 
to  the  regal  presence  in  the  momentary  revived 
garb  of  long-evanished  fashion. 

So  much,  then,  for  this  farther  bit  of  rand  in- 
formation in  relation  to  the  trade  of  the  shoe- 
maker, from  A  Real  Snob. 

Bishops  of_  Galloway  (2°'^  S.  ii.  211.)  — I  have 
in  my  possession  a  work  entitled  : 

"  A  Holy  Alphabet  For  Sion's  Scholars;  Fvll  of  Spiri- 
tval  instructions,  and  Heavenly  Consolations,  to  direct 
and  encourage  thein  in  their  Progress  towards  the  New 
Jerusalem  :  Deliuered,  by  way  of  Commentary  vpon  the 
whole  119.  Psalme.  By  William  t^ovvper.  Minister  of 
God's  Word,  and  B.  of  Galloway.    4".    London,  1C13." 

In  explanation  of  the  title,  the  Bishop  says, 
p.  5.: 

"  As  to  the  Order  of  this  Psalme,  it  is  divided  into  two- 
and-twenty  Sections,  euery  Section  hath  in  it  eight 
verses,  and  euery  Verse  beginnes  in  the  Hebrew,  with 
that  letter,  wherewith  the  Section  is  intituled :  as  all  the 
verses  of  the  first  Section  begin  with  Aleph ;  the  verses 
of  the  second  with  Beth,  and  so  forward,  according  to  the 
Hebrew  Alphabet :  for  which  we  may  call  the  Psalme  an 
A,  B,  C,  of  Godlinesse." 

Y.  B.  N.  J. 

Saracens  (2*^^  S.  ii.  229.)  —  The  probability  is 
that  as  Arabia  (the  West)  derived  its  name  from 
its  position  relatively  to  the  Chaldeans,  the  Sara- 
cens (^eastern  people)  derived  their  name  from 
their  position  relatively  to  the  Phoenicians  and 
Hebrews.  Arab  is,  however,  the  name  by  which 
they  designate  themselves,  and  by  which  they 
were  known  to  the  ancient  Greek  historians,  the 
Septuagint  translators,  and  to  Strabo.  Menan- 
der,  Procopius,  Ammianus  Marcellinus,  Ptolemy, 
and  Pliny  use  the  word  Saracens,  either  wholly 
or  partially,  for  the  Arabians,  Ptolemy  represent- 
ing them  as  an  obscure  tribe  on  the  borders  of 
Egypt  (Gibbon,  ix.  50.  p.  233.).  In  Hebrew  the 
word  zai-ach,  in  Syriac  zarchoi,  and  in  Arabic 
sharkon,  mean  the  sun-rising,  the  East.  Sarhoi 
was  the  name  for  the  Arabic  language  in  Syriac, 
in  the  time  of  Barhebrajus  (Castelli,  Lex.  a  Mi- 
chael, ii.  627.)  ;  but  this  name  may  have  been 
borrowed  from  the  Greek  writers.  The  Arabians 
mentioned  in  the  Old  Testament  appear  to  be 
confined  to  those  in  the  north  of  Arabia,  border- 
ing on  Palestine,  Syria,  and  Chaldasa.  It  does 
not  appear  that  the  name  Saracen  was  adopted 
by  any  of  the  Arabians.  In  the  time  of  the 
Crusades  the  communication  with  Constantinople 
made  this  name  familiar,  and  being  adopted  by 
the  Latins  and  Italians  superseded  in  a  great  mea- 
sure the  names  of  Arabians  and  Moors  (=West 
Arabs),  which  properly  belonged  to  them  as  their 
acknowledged  designations.    They  also  call  them- 


2nd  g.  No  41.,  Oct.  11.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


299 


selves  Barhar,  "  sons  of  the  desert,"  the  origin  of 
iSarbary  in  Africa,  and  probably  of  the  Greek 
term  "  barbarian."  (Comp.  John  Muller's  Univ. 
Hist.  bk.  xii.  s.  1.)  T,  J.  Bdckton. 

Lichfield. 

Pence  a-piece  (2"''  S.  ii.  219.)— To  the  instances 
of  this  expression,  cited  in  former  numbers,  may 
be  added  the  following  from  Swift's  poem  of  The 
Legion  Club : 

"  In  the  porch  Briareus  stands, 
Shows  a  bribe  in  all  his  hands : 
Briareus  the  secretary, 
»  But  we  mortals  call  him  Carey. 

When  the  rogues  their  country  fleece, 
They  may  hope  for  pence  a-piece." 

Li. 

Curious  Inn  Signs  (2°''  S.  i.  249.) — Close  neigh- 
bours to  each  other  are  two  curious  inn  signs,  the 
memory  of  which  is  likely  to  be  lost  if  your  pages 
do  not  preserve  it.  At  the  Farnboro'  Station  is 
an  inn  now  perverted  into  the  "  Morant  Arms," 
but  which  from  of  old  was  the  "  Tumble-down- 
Dick,"  in  derision  that  is  of  Richard  Cromwell 
and  his  downfal.  Near  Bagshot  you  will  see  now 
the  "  Jolly  Farmer,"  which  used,  and  ought,  to  be 
the  "  Golden  Farmer,"  having  been  kept,  so  tra- 
dition says,  by  a  farmer  who  always  paid  his  rent 
punctually,  and  in  guineas,  which  it  afterwards 
appeared  he  obtained  in  his  unknown  vocation  of 
highwayman  on  Bagshot  Heath.  Effigies. 

At  Swindon  (on  the  Great  Western  Line)  Is  a 
quaint  perversion  of  the  Holy  Lamb.  It  is  at  a 
modern  public  house ;  and  the  Iamb  is  represented 
In  the  conventional  attitude,  but  without  the  nim- 
bus. Instead  of  the  crossed  staff  and  flag,  it  bears 
a  spear,  from  which  floats  a  streamer  of  the 
Dutch  tricolor,  a  compliment,  I  suppose,  to  "  The 
Red,  White,  and  Blue." 

W.  J.  Bernhard  Smith. 

Temple. 

Human  Skin  Tanned,  Sfc.  (2"^  S.  ii,  68.  119.  157. 
250.)  —  About  thirty  years  ago  a  man  named  (I 
tliink)  William  Waite  was  executed  at  Worcester 
for  the  murder  of  his  wife's  daughter  (by  a  former 
husband),  a  little  gIi-1  named  Sarah  Chance,  by 
throwing  her  into  an  exhausted  coal-pit. 

At  this  time  dissection  was  a  part  of  the  sen- 
tence of  murderers,  and  the  entire  skin  of  this 
man  was  preserved  by  Mr.  Downing,  then  an 
eminent  surgeon  at  Stourbridge.  It  was  not 
tanned,  but  preserved  by  a  preparation  of  sumach, 
as  I  believe  he  told  me.  I  was  one  of  the  counsel 
on  the  trial.  F.  A.  Carrington. 

Ogbourne  St.  George. 

Inscriptions  on  Bells  (2"^  S.  i.  521.)  —  Is  It  a 
fact  that  bells  are  frequently  dedicated  to  St. 
Augustine?     In  the    church  at  Wivelsfield  in 


Sussex,  there  is  a  fine-toned  bell  bearing  this  in- 
scription, which,  notwithstanding  its  false  quantity, 
I  lay  before  your  readers  : 

"  Vox  Augustmi  sonat  in  aure  Dei." 

R.  W.  B. 

Inscriptions  on  Sun-Dials   (2"'^  S.  i.  230.  323.) 

"  You  know  the  motto  of  my  sun-dial, '  Vivite,  ait,  fu- 
gio.'  I  will,  as  far  as  I  am  able,  follow  its  advice,  and  cut 
off  all  unnecessary  avocations  and  amusements." — Bi- 
shop Atterbury  to  Pope,  Bromley,  May  25,  1712:  At- 
terhuri/'s  Epistolary  Correspondence,  vol.  i.  p.  102. 

"  Epigram. 

'  Vivite,  ait,  fugio  I ' 

Labentem  tacito  quisquis  pede  conspicis  umbram, 

Si  sapis,  h£EC  audis :  *  Vivite,  nam  fugio.' 
Utilis  est  oculis,  nee  inutilis  auribus  umbra; 
Dum  tacet,  exclamat,  *  Vivite,  nam  fugio.' " 

lb.  ii.  399. 
E.  H.  A. 

St.  Peter's  Tribe  (1"  S.  x.  207.)— JI.  asks  of 
what  tribe  was  St.  Peter  the  Apostle?  In  the 
excellent  Plain  Commentary  on  the  Psalms,  which 
Messrs.  Parker,  of  Oxford,  are  now  publishing,  I 
find  the  following  comment  on  Ps.  Ixviii.  verse  27., 
which  seems  in  some  degree  to  answer  H.'s 
question  ; 

"  There,  too,  are  seen  the  sons  of  Zebedee,  and  James, 
and  Thaddeus,  and  Levi,  and  Simon,  counsellors  of 
eternal  truth  from  Judah ;  and  Andrew,  and  Peter,  and 
Philip,  and  the  others  of  the  chosen  twelve,  called  to  be 
princes  and  apostles  in  the  church  from  that  Zabulon  and 
Naphtali  which  once  *  walked  in  darkness,'  but  which  in 
God's  time  '  saw  the  great  light '  of  Incarnate  Love." 

The  writer  of  the  Commentary  seems  to  be  very 
intimately  acquainted  with  the  works  of  the 
Fathers,  but  he  does  not  give  the  authorities  on 
which  he  grounds  this  passage.  Sacerdos. 

Double  Christian  Names  (2"'i  S.  ii.  197.)  — The 
suggestion  here  made  by  E.  G.  R.  is  precisely 
what  I  made  years  ago  in  my  English  Surnames. 
I  have  seven  children,  all  of  whom  bear  their 
mother's  surname  prefixed  to  my  own,  thus :  Nynlan 
Holman  Lower.  Let  me  add,  that  another  thing 
of  equal  use  to  future  genealogists  would  be  the 
retention  of  the  maiden  name  before  that  of  the 
husband,  as  in  the  case  of  a  popular  American 
authoress,  Mrs.  Harriet  Beecher  Stowe,  who  is 
the  daughter  of  Dr.  Beecher. 

Let  me  take  the  present  opportunity  of  repre- 
hending the  practice  of  giving  to  children  a  bap- 
tismal name  which  may  hereafter  lead  to  a  false 
presumption  as  to  their  descent.  Mr.  Smith  may 
be  a  very  respectable  man,  but  there  are  abund- 
ant means  of  distinguishing  an  individual  of  his 
numerous  ofispring  without  calling  him  Sidney ; 
and  Mr.  Carey,  if  not  really  a  member  of  Lord 
Falkland's  house,  should  certainly  avoid  giving 
his  eldest  boy  the  name  of  Lucius. 

Mark  AJitont  Lower. 

Lewes.  * 


300 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2'"i  S.  No  41.,  Oct.  11.  '56. 


Armorial  (2"*  S.  ii.  269.)  r—  Arms,  Gules,  a 
cbevron,  vaire,  between  three  crescents,  arn;ent. 
Crest,  a  stag's  head  couped  at  the  neck  and  af- 
frontee,  gu.  attired,  or. 

These  are  the  arms  of  Goddard,  an  ancient 
North  Wilts  family.  They  occur  in  the  Heralds' 
Visitation  of  Wiltshire  of  1565  (Harleian  MS., 
No.  1111.  p.  60.),  and  on  two  monuments  in 
Ogbourne  St.  Andrew  Church,  erected  in  1655 
and  1687,  and  are  still  borne  by  Major  Nelson 
Goddard  of  Clyffe  Manor,  Ambrose  Goddard, 
Esq.,  M.P.,  of  the  Lawn  near  Swindon,  and  the 
other  members  of  that  family. 

As  the  tinctures  of  the  trefoils,  torteaux,  and 
chevron  are  not  clearly  defined  in  the  second 
coat  described  by  T.  B.,  it  may  be  that  of  Rowe, 
which  is  given  in  Glover's  Ordinary  of  Arms, 
temp.  Charles  II.  (as  printed  in  Edmonson's  Com- 
plete Body  of  Heraldry),  as  follows  : 

"  Ar.  on  a  cliev.  az.  betw.  3  trefoils  slipped  party  per 
pale  gu.  and  vert,  as  many  bezants. 

"  Crest,  a  buck's  head  couped,  gu.  attired,  or. 

The  Stuart  arms  are  or,  a  fesse  chequy  az.  and 
arg.,  but  it  is  quite  possible  that,  as  the  tinctures 
in  the  second  coat  are  not  clearly  defined,  the  or 
in  the  impaled  coat  may  have  faded,  and  may  now 
appear  to  be  argent.  F.  A.  Carkington. 

Ogbourne  St.  George. 

The  first  coat  belongs  to  one  of  the  Wiltshire 
families  of  Goddard,  and  should  be  blazoned  thus  : 
Gules,  a  chevron  vair,  between  three  crescents, 
argent.  The  crest  is :  a  stag's  head,  affrontee, 
couped  at  the  neck,  gules,  attired,  or. 

Tlie  Goddards  of  Hampshire  and  Berkshire 
bore  :  Azure,  five  fusils  in  fess,  between  three 
eagles'  heads  erased,  or.  And  on  a  monument  at 
Ogbourne  St.  Andrew,  Wilts,  to  William  God- 
dar4  of  that  place,  Gent,  (circa  1650),  the  above 
two  coats  are  quartered  on  one  shield. 

I  have  observed  lately  that  one  or  two  of  your 
correspondents  have  spoken  of  the  indistinctness 
of  tincture  in  the  torteauxes  they  have  been  de- 
scribing. I  would  remark  that,  if  they  are  cor- 
rect in  making  use  of  the  word  to?-teaux,  the 
colour  must  necessarily  be  gules,  in  the  same  way 
that  roundles  of  or,  argent,  azure,  vert,  sable, 
tenne  purpure  and  sanguine,  are  respectively 
called  bezants,  plates,  hurts,  pomeis,  pellets, 
oranges,  golpes,  and  guzes.  Patonck. 

A  Green  Rose  (P'  S.  xii.  481.)  —  Mr.  Mitchell, 
•whose  nursery  grounds  upon  Pittdown,  near  Uck- 
field,  in  Sussex,  are  well  worth  visiting,  has  ex- 
hibited several  fine  specimens  of  this  curious  rose 
in  the  course  of  this  year.  R.  W.  B. 

Almshouses  recently  founded  (2°'^  S.  ii.  189.)  — 
Partis  College,  Bath.  Patonce. 


:W(«fcenane0utf. 
BOOKS    AND     ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PURCHASE. 

Strickland's  QoEFNs  OP  EngIiAnd.    8vo.  Edit.    1852.    Vol.1. 
OxONIANA.     Vol.  IV. 

FEN^fI  CvcLop/EDiA.    Vols.  XV.  to  cnd  of  Work.    Cloth. 

»*»  Letters,  stating  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carrlaqn  frca,  to  1)6 

sent  to  Messrs.  Bkll  &  Daldy,  Publishers  of  "  NOTES    AND 

QUERIES,"  186.  Fleet  Street. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and"  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose  : 

PsiT.TERtuM  Davidts,  Carmine  nEDDiTuM  PER  EoBANiTM  Hessum,    Lug- 

duni,  1557. 
Prrrin  (Jean  Paul),  ITistoire  des  VAunms.    Geneve,  1618. 
Brook's  (Robert,  Lord)  Letter  on  the  Natdbe  of  Truth.    London, 

1610. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  B.  II.  Blacter.  30.  Waltham  Terracs,  Blaokroek, 
Dublin. 


A  Latin  or  English  Version  of  the  Agesilaus  op  Xenopiion. 
"Wanted  by  F.  A.  Vincent,  B.D.,  Batlcy  School,  Yorkshire. 


Codrt  Poems.    12mo.    1716, 1717.  1719. 

Key  to  the  Donciad.    12mo.    1728. 

The  Cubliad.    8vo.     1729. 

Life  of  Alderman  Barber.    Published  by  Curll. 

Wanted  by  William  J.  Thorns,  Esq.,  2r,.  Holywell  Street,  Millbank, 
Westminster. 


fiatUei  ta  Correiiiidttlrrnttf. 

Amnnn  oOier  papers  of  mterest  which  we  are  rompclled  to  postpone 
vntil  next  week  we  may  mention  Dr.  Himrault's  Notes  on  Cocker  :  >  orm 
of  Penance  in  1720  ;  and  the  flrH  of  a  scries  of  Stray  Notes  on  Edmund 
Curll,  his  Life  and  Publications.  We  are  also  compelled  to  postpone  uur 
usual  Notes  on  Books. 

Caption  to  Coin  Collectors.  Wc  have  received  from  Mr.  Wiiklan, 
the  well-known  dealer  in  Coins,  tlie  following  letter: 


'Sir 


"  42.  Bedford  Street,  Strand, 


"  As  I  happen  to  know  that  most  of  the  country  coin  collectors  take 
in  your  interesting  paper,  will  you  allow  me  to  make  it  the  inetiium  to 
put  country  numismatists  on  their  guard  against  certain '  false  coins  ' 
now  being  offered  for  sale. 

"  Very  few  cabinets  can  boast  a  good  Richard  III.  Hnlf-groat  and 
Penny  with  the  boar's  head  mint  mark  ;  and  these  are  the  coins  selected 
by  the  forger  on  this  occasion. 

"  The  Half-groat  reads  —  obverse  :  '  Ricard  di  Gra  Rex  Angl  Z  Fra ; ' 
Mint  mark,  hoar's  head;  reverse,'  Civitas  London.'  Tlie  Penny  reads 
on  the  obv.  :  '  Ricar  D  G  Rex  Ang  Fra ; '  rev., '  Civitas  London." 

"  These  forgeries  are  well  made  and  much  worn  ;  agood  price  is  asked. 

"  I  shall  be  happy  if  this  be  the  means  of  saving  the  pockets  of  provin- 
cial collectors. 

"  Yours,  faithfully, 

"  Peter  Whelan. 

"  Numismatist." 

G.  T.  (Berwick- on-Tweed),  who  writes  respecting  Salt  on  the  Chest 
of  a  Corpse,  will  find  tlie  subject  treated  of  in  our  Ist  S.  ix.  536.  ;  x.  395. 

Amicus  is  thanked.    Your  hint  shall  not  he  lost  sight  of. 

X.  Y.  Z.    Certainly  not. 

J.  D.  We  cannot  aJisist  you  at  the  present  moment.  Please  specify 
particulars  of  the  articles  you  wish  to  see. 

Mayfly  loill  find  much  on  the  symbolism  of  Orange  Blossoms  in  our 
1st  S.  viii.  341. ;  ix.  386.  527. 

"  Notes  and  Queries  "  is  pnhlished-  at  noon  on  fri/lay,  so  that  the 
Country  Booksellers  muy  receive  Copies  in  thai  night's  parcels,  and 
deliver  them  to  t/ieir  Subscribers  on  tlie  Saturday. 

Index  to  the  First  Series.  As  this  is  now  published,  and  the  im- 
pression is  a  limited  one,  such  of  our  readers  as  desire  copies  would  do 

well  to  intimate  their  wish  to  their  respective  booksellers  witliout  delay. 

Our  publishers,  Messrs.  Bell  8c  Daldy,  will  forward  copies  by  post  on 
receipt  of  a  Post  Office  Order  for  Five  Shillings. 

"  Notes  and  Queries  "  is  also  issued  in  Monthly  Parts,  for  the  con- 
venience of  those  who  may  cither  have  a  difficulty  in  procuring  the  un- 
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weekly  Numbers,  may  have  stamped  copies  forwarded  direct  from  the 
Publisher.  The  subscription  for  the  stamped  edition  of  "  Notes  and 
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favour  of  the  Publisher,  Mb.  Geoboi  Bell,  No.  186.  Fleet  Street. 


2nd  s.  No  42.,  Oct.  18.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


601 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  18.  1856. 

6TKAY    NOTES    ON   EDMUND    CURLL,    HIS   LIFE,    AND 
PUBLICATIONS. 

No.  1.  —  Introductory. 

"  Long  live  old  Curl!  he  ne'er  to  publish  fears 
The  speeches,  verses  and  last  wills  of  Peers. 
How  oft  has  he  a  pablick  spirit  shown, 
And  pleased  our  ears  regardless  of  his  own  ? 
But  to  give  Merit  due,  though  CurTs  the  Fame, 
Are  not  his  Brothei -booksellers  the  same? 
Can  Statutes  keep  the  British  Press  in  awe. 
When  that  sells  best,  that's  most  against  the  Law  ?  " 
The  Man  of  Taste,  p.  7. 

The  name  of  Edmund  Curll  figures  so  promi- 
nently, if  not  honourably,  among  the  bookselling 
fraternity  of  the  last  century,  that  a  few  Notes  on 
his  strange  career,  his  publications  regular  and 
irregular,  his  controversies  with  his  contemporaries, 
his  tricks  and  his  trials,  may  not  be  without  in- 
terest to  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  of  the  present 
day,  or  without  use  to  any  writers  who  may  here- 
after undertake  to  give  the  world  a  literary  history 
of  the  period  in  which  he  flourished. 

The  subject  is  not  without  its  difficulties,  for 
Curll  had  the  audacity  to  contend  against  Pope, 
and  has  paid  the  penalty  of  his  rashness,  in  a  re- 
putation for  far  more  that  is  dirty  and  dishonour- 
able than  he  altogether  deserved.  Few  readers  of 
the  present  day  can  forget  the  poet's  description  of 
his  prostrate  rival : 

"  Obscene  with  filth  the  miscreant  lies  bewray'd, 
Fall'n  in  the  plash  his  wickedness  had  laid :" 

while  the  satirist's  allusion  to  "  Curll's  chaste 
press "  have  served  to  fix  upon  the  general  mind 
the  impression  that  all  the  books  issued  by  him 
were  of  a  gross  or  immoral  character. 

This,  however,  is  far  from  being  the  case  ;  and 
many  will  no  doubt  be  surprised  to  learn  that  the 
"  Memoirs  of  the  Life  and  Writings  of  Dr.  South," 
which  Curll  in  1717  prefixed  to  his  Posthumous 
Discourses,  stands  so  high  in  the  estimation  of  the 
Syndics  of  the  Clarendon  press,  that  they  continue 
to  the  present  day  to  prefix  it  to  tlieir  collected 
edition  of  the  Works  of  this  great  Divine. 

This  is  proof  enough  that  Curll  was  not  alto- 
gether so  black  as  he  was  painted  ;  and  it  is  pro- 
ba\)le  that  before  these  Notes  are  brought  to  an 
end,  the  reader  will  think  that  Nichols  did  not  do 
more  than  justice  when,  in  his  Literary  Anecdotes 
(i.  456.),  he  spoke  of  him  in  the  following  terms  : 

"The  raemorj'  of  Edmund  Curll,"  says  John  Nichols, 
"  has  been  transmitted  to  posterity  with  an  obloquy  more 
severe  than  he  deserved.  Whatever  were  his  demerits  in 
Laving  occasionally  published  works  that  the  present  age 
would  very  properly  consider  too  licentious,  he  certainly 
deserves  commendation  for  his  industry  in  preserving  our 
National  Remains.  And  it  may,  perhaps,  be  added  that 
he  did  not  publish  a  single  volume  but  what,  amidst  a 


profusion  of  base  metal,  contained  some  precious  ore,  some 
valuable  reliques,  which  future  collectors  could  nowhere 
else  have  found." 

In  order  to  form  a  just  estimate  of  the  cha- 
racter of  Curll,  the  then  state  of  literature  and  of 
the  law  must  be  taken  into  account.  We  must 
remember  how  great  were  the  restraints  on  the 
liberty  of  the  press  which  existed  in  his  days, 
when  — 

"  Ear-less  on  high  stood  pillory'd  Defoe ; " 

how  uncertain  was  the  law  of  libel ;  and  how 
heavy  the  penalties  for  publications  which  were 
adjudged  libellous.  How  undefined,  or  rather 
worse  than  undefined,  how  degraded,  was  the  po- 
sition of  the  mere  author  by  profession  :  and,  as  a 
consequence  of  this  state  of  things,  what  strange 
shifts  were  occasionally  adopted  to  escape  the 
risks  which  then  awaited  both  authors  and  pub- 
lishers, and  adopted,  too,  by  men  of  far  higher 
social  position  than  Edmund  Curll. 

The  following  extract  from  The  Life  of  Mr. 
Thomas  Gent,  Bookseller  of  York,  affords  a  cu- 
rious illustration  of  the  means  to  which  a  bishop 
resorted  to  bring  before  the  public  the  case  of  au 
injured  clergyman : 

"  I  remember  once  a  piece  of  work  came  in  from  a  re  • 
verend  bishop,  whose  pen  was  employed  in  vindicating 
the  reputation  of  Mr.  Ken — sley,  an  honest  clergyman, 
who  was  committed  to  the  King's  Bench  prison,  through 
an  action  of  scandalum  magnatum,  though  many  thought 
the  truth  was,  he  had  only  hinted  in  private  to  a  certain 
noble  an  heinous  crime,  that  once  brought  down  fire  from 
heaven,  and  which  was  revealed  to  him  by  a  valet-de- 
chambre  upon  a  bed  of  sickness,  when  in  a  state  of  re- 
pentance. And,  though  I  composed  the  letters,  and 
think,  if  my  memory  does  not  fail  me,  that  I  helped  to 
work  the  matter  off  at  press,  too,  yet  I  was  not  permitted 
to  know  who  was  the  author  thereof;  hut,  however,  when 
finished,  the  papers  were  packed  up,  and  delivered  to  my 
care ;  and  the  same  night,  my  master  hiring  a  coach,  we 
were  driven  to  Westminster,  where  we  entered  into  a 
large  sort  of  monastic  building. 

"  Soon  were  we  ushered  into  a  spacious  hall,  where  we 
sat  near  a  large  table,  covered  with  an  ancient  carpet  of 
curious  work,  and  whereon  Avas  soon  laid  a  bottle  of  wine 
for  our  entertainment.  In  a  little  time,  we  were  visited 
by  a  grave  gentleman  in  a  black  lay  habit,  who  enter- 
tained us  with  one  pleasant  discourse  or  other.  He  bid 
us  be  secret ;  '  for,'  said  he,  '  the  imprisoned  divine  does 
not  know  who  is-  his  defender;  if  he  did,  I  know  his 
temper :  in  a  sort  of  transport  he  would  reveal  it,  and  s^o 
I  should  be  blamed  for  my  good  oflJce ;  and,  whether  his 
intention  was  designed  to  show  his  gratitude,  j'et  if  a 
man  is  hurt  by  a  friend,  the  damage  is  the  same  as  if 
done  by  an  enemy ;  to  prevent  which,  is  the  reason  I  de- 
sire this  concealment.'  '  You  need  not  fear  me.  Sir,'  said 
my  master ;  '  and  1,  good  Sir,'  added  I,  'you  may  be  less 
afraid  of;  for  I  protest  I  do  not  know  where  I  ain,  much 
less  your  person ;  nor  heard  where  I  should  be  driven,  or 
if  I  shall  not  be  drove  to  Jerusalem  before  I  get  home 
again ;  nay,  I  shall  forget  I  ever  did  the  job  by  to-morrow ; 
and,  consequently,  shall  never  answer  any  questions  about 
it,  if  demanded.  Yet,  Sir,  1  shall  secretly  remember  your 
generosit}',  and  drink  to  your  health  with  this  brimful 
glass.'  Thereupon,  this  set  them  both  a-laughing ;  and 
truly  I  was  got  merrily  tipsy,  so  merry,  that  I  hardly 


302 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«<iS.  N<>42.,  Oct.  18. '56. 


knew  how  I  was  driven  homewards.  For  my  part,  I  was 
ever  inclined  to  secrecy  and  fidelity ;  and,  therefore,  I 
■was  nowise  inquisitive  concerning  our  hospitable  enter- 
tainer; yet  1  thouglit  the  imprisoned  clergyman  was 
hnppy,  though  he  knew  it  not,  in  having  so  illustrioiis  a 
friend,  who  privately  strove  for  his  releasement.  But, 
happening  afterwards  to  behold  a  state  prisoner  in  a 
coach,  guarded  from  Westminster  to  the  Tower,  God 
bless  me,  thought  I,  it  was  no  less  than  the  Bishop  of 
Rochester,  Dr.  Atterbury,  by  whom  my  master  and  I  had 
been  treated !  Then  came  to  my  mind  his  every  feature, 
but  then  altered  through  indisposition,  and  grief  for  being 
under  royal  displeasure.  Though  I  never  approved  the 
least  thing  whereby  a  man  might  be  attainted,  yet  I  ge- 
nerally had  compassion  for  the  unfortunate;  1  was  more 
confirmed  it  was  he,  because  I  heard  some  people  say  at 
that  visit,  that  we  were  got  into  the  Dean's  yard  ;  and, 
consequently,  it  was  his  house,  though  I  then  did  not 
know  it ;  but  afterwards  learned  that  the  Bishop  of  Ro- 
chester was  always  Dean  of  Westminstep.  I  thanked 
God  from  my  heart  that  we  had  done  nothing  of  offence, 
at  that  time,  on  any  political  account;  a  thing  that 
produces  such  direful  consequences." 

All  the  various  social  conditions  to  which  we 
have  just  referred  would  have  to  be  considered 
and  discussed,  if  these  "jottings"  were  intended 
to  form  a  regular  Biography  of  Curll.*  They 
do  not,  however,  lay  claim  to  that  character,  yet 
it  is  but  justice  to  Curll  himself,  to  the  writer 
of  these  remarks,  and,  indeed,  to  the  readers  of 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  that  when  Curll's  conduct  is  under 
consideration,  the  character  of  the  age  in  which 
he  lived,  and  the  conduct  of  his  contemporaries, 
should  not  be  lost  sight  of. 

On  the  same  grounds  the  reader  ought  not 
hastily  to  upbraid  Curll  for  the  grossness  of  too 
many  of  his  publications,  without  bearing  in  mind 
that  in  this  respect  he  sinned  in  company  with 
men  like  Swift  and  Pope.  Those  who  denounce 
Curll  as  a  publisher  of  books  of  an  offensive  cha- 
racter —  and  the  charge  is  true  enough  —  would 
do  well  to  remember  that  indecency  was  one  vice 
of  the  age  in  which  he  lived ;  and  that  nothing 
that  Curll  ever  issued  from  the  press  did,  or 
could,  exceed  in  coarseness  and  indecency' those 
satirical  articles  in  Pope  and  Swift's  Miscellanies 
in  which  Curll  figures  as  the  hero. 

In  an  introductory  chapter  like  the  present,  the 
reader  will  probably  look  for  some  particulars  of 
the  birth,  parentage,  and  education  of  the  subject 
of  our  remarks.  It  is  a  natural  curiosity,  but  one 
which  we  are  unable  to  gratify.  Indeed  we  may 
say,  with  the  writer  of  the  Authentic  Memoii-s  of 

the  Life  and  Writings  of  E •  C—l,  appended 

to  the  Remarks  on  Squire  Ayre's  Memoirs  of  the 
Life  and  Writings  of  Mr.  Pope  : 

*  The  reader  is  requested  to  bear  in  mind  that  these 
Notes  are  merely  Notes,  and  have  no  pi-etensions  to  be 
considered  as  forming  a  complete  Life  of  Curll.  They  are 
thrown  out  as  materials  for  future  writers,  and  as  pegs 
upon  which  the  Correspondents  of  "N.  &  Q."  may  hang 
any  Notes  they  may  have  made  relative  to  Curll's  Life 
or  Publications. 


"As  to  his  Birth,  Parentage,  and  Education,  —  these, 
the  two  former  especially,  being  somewhat  obscure,  and 
Nothing  of  Consequence  having  been  related  about  them, 
I  shall  not  trouble  the  Readers  of  this  Letter  with  a 
formal  Account  of  them,  especially  as  the  Publick  may 
very  properly  expect,  if  this  Gentleman  go  on  in  the 
Paths  of  Glory  he  hath  hitherto  trod,  to  see  them  given 
b3'  a  much  abler  Hand  among  the  accurate  Annals  of 

Mr.  G .    And  as  he  is  much  more  conversant  with 

the  Lives,  Characters,  &c.  of  Men  of  this  Stamp,  than  I 
can  pretend  to  be,  I  would  not  willingly  anticipate  a 
Thing  that  will  make  so  great  a  Figure,  in  all  Proba- 
bility, one  Time  or  other,  in  his  full  and  true  Accounts." 

In  place  of  this,  however,  we  will  give  some 
particulars  as  to  liis  "whereabouts"  at  different 
periods  of  his  varied  career.  As  a  Bookseller, 
his  frequent  changes  of  residence,  as  shown  on 
the  title-pages  of  his  various  publications,  would 
seem  to  indicate  that,^with  all  his  tricks  and  in- 
genuity, he  was  by  no  means  a  successful  trades- 
man. 

1708.  This  is  the  earliest  date  at  which  we  have 
met  with  CufU's  name  on  a  title-page.  A 
translation  of  Boileau's Lidrin  was  published 
in  1708,  among  others  by  "  E.  Sanger  and 
E.  Curll,  at  the  Post  House  at  the  Middle 
Temple  Gate,  and  at  the  Peacock  without 
Temple  Bar." 

1709.  Muscipula  was  published  by  him,  "ad  in- 
signe  Pavonis  extra  Temple  Bar." 

1710.  We  find  him  removed  to  the  premises  for- 
merly occupied  by  the  well-known  book- 
seller A.  Bosvill ;  for  A  Complete  Key  to  the 
Tale  of  a  Tub,  &c.  was  "  printed  for  Ed- 
mund Curll,  at  the  Dial  and  Bible  against 
St.  Dunstan's  Church  in  Fleet  Street. 
Here  he  remained  certainly  until  1718  ; 
but  in 

we  find  him  removed  to  Paternoster  Row  ; 
where,  in  that  year,  he  appears  to  have  pub- 
lished Jacob's  Lives  of  the  Poets. 
shows  another  removal,  for  in  that  year 
Nichols  (Lit.  Anec.  iv.  273.)  states  that  he 
lived  "  over  against  Catherine  Street  in  the 
Strand,"  and  he  was  living  there  in  1726, 
when  he  published  Ashmole's  Order  of  the 
Garter.  In  1728  he  is  still  described  on 
title-pages  as  "  in  the  Strand ; "  but  Mrs. 
Thomas  speaks  of  him  in 

1729  as  living  "next  to  AVill's  Coffee  House,  in 
Bow  Street,  Covent  Garden;"  and  that  is 
the  place  of  publication  of  "Mr.  Congreve's 
Last  Will  and  Testament,"  issued  by  him  in 
1730.  How  long  he  remained  here  is  un- 
certain, but  in 

1733,  when  he  published  The  Case  of  Elizabeth 
Fitzmaurice,  alias  Leeson,  and  the  Lord 
William  Fitzmaurice,  he  was  residing  at 
"Burghley  Street  in  the  Strand." 

1735.  In  this  year,  when  he  published  Pope's 
Letters,   we   find  Lim   in   "  Rose   Street, 


1720, 
1723 


2nd  s.  N»  42.,  Oct.  18.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


303 


Covent  Garden  ;"  and  an  advertisement, 
which  he  inserted  in  the  daily  papers  on 
the  subject  of  that  publication,  is  dated 
"  From  Pope's  Head,  in  Rose  Street,  Co- 
vent  Garden,  July  20th,  1735."  Hence 
the  allusion  in  The  Dunciad: 
"  Down  with  the  Bible,  up  with  the  Pope's  Arms." 

And  here  he  was  living  in 
1741,  when  he  published  The  Rape  of  Adonis. 

Some  readers  of  "N.  &  Q."  will  probably  be 
enabled  to  enlarge  this  list.  We  trust  that,  if  so, 
they  will  give  others  the  benefit  of  their  know- 
ledge ;  for  the  object  of  these  Notes  is  not  less 
that  of  procuring,  than  of  affording  information. 

S.  N.  M. 


GENEBAIi   LITEBABY   INDEX. 

"  Canute,  King  of  Denmark,  surnamed  the  Great  [Watt 
refers  only  to  Langebek].  Laws  of  C,  Ecclesiastical  and 
Secular,  v.  VVilliins,  Leges  Anglo-Saxonicas.  Thorpe's 
Ancient  Laws  and  Institutes  of  England.  Ecclesiastical, 
V.  Spelman,  Concilia,  Lambarde,  Archajonomia  (eadem 
qua?  habetur  in  Bedae  Eccles.  Hist,  ad  calc.  1C44,  Chroni- 
con  Brompton  (in  Hist.  Angl.  Script,  x.),  Howel's  Sy- 
nopsis, Wilkins'  Concilia.  —  Military,  Historia  Legura 
Castrensium  C.  v.  Langebek,  Rerum  Danicarum  Scrip- 
tores,  iii.  To  this  translation  into  Latin  of  the  Law  of 
Witherlag,  referred  to  by  Watt,  add  Jus  Aulicum, 
idiomate  antiquo  Danico  Witherlags  Itaett,  v.  Resenius, 
Leges  Antiquae,  Pars  ii.  The  history  of  this  law  is  given 
by  Spelman,  Glossar.  Archseolog.  s.  v.  Englecheria,  and 
by  Bracton,  1.  iii.  tract  1.  c.  15.  'The  city  of  Worcester 
was  amerced  five  marks,  and  the  manor  of  Wikebout  two, 
for  a  default  of  proving  engleschery,  when  a  murder  had 
been  committed.  It  will  be  necessary  to  explain  what 
engleschery  meant,  being  a  remarkable  circumstance  in  our 
ancient  law.  To  prevent  the  frequent  murders  of  the 
Danes  by  the  English,  the  barons  of  England  were  sure- 
ties to  Canute  the  Great,  upon  his  sending  his  Danish 
army  back  to  Denmark,  that,  when  any  person  was  mur- 
dered, he  should  be  supposed  to  be  a  Dane  if  he  was  not 
proved  to  be  an  Englishman  by  his  parents  or  kindred  ; 
and,  in  default  of  such  proof,  if  the  murderer  was  un- 
known, or  had  made  his  escape,  the  townsliip  in  which 
the  man  was  slain  was  to  be  amerced  for  it  sixty-six 
marks  to  the  king;  or  if,  by  reason  of  the  poverty 
of  the  township,  that  sum  could  not  be  raised  from 
thence,  it  was  to  be  paid  by  the  hundred.  This  agree- 
ment was  carried  into  a  law;  which,  when  the  Nor- 
mans had  got  possession  of  England,  they  applied  to 
themselves  and  all  the  other  foreigners  who  had  come 
over  with  them,  under  the  general  name  of  French  [De 
Murdro  Francigena;  occisi,  et  homines  hundredi  non 
prehendunt .  et  ducunt  ad  justitiam  infra  viii.  dies  ut 
ostendat  ob  quam  causam  fecerit,  reddant  Murdri  nomine 
xlvii.  Marcas,  vol.  iv.  p.  332.]:  but,  by  the  record  here 
recited,  it  evidently  appears,  that  amercements  for  default 
of  proving  Engleschery  were  not  near  so  high  in  the 
times  of  which  1  write  as  under  King  Canute.'  Lord 
Lyttelton's  History  of  the  Life  of  King  Henry  the  Se- 
cond, vol.  iii.  224,'  225.  Cf.  Hickes's  Dissertatio,  p.  95. 
Macaulay's  History,  i.  13." 

For  eulogies  on  the  Laws  of  Canute,  v.  Langebek, 
ut  supra,  ii.  45.  492.  and  iii.  passim.  There  is  a 
new  edition  of  his  Laws  by  Jan.  Laur.  Andr. 


Kolderup  Rosenvinger,  Haun,  1826.  It  is  ac- 
companied, says  Tliorpe,  by  some  excellent  re- 
marks of  the  learned  editor. 

Walccheria,  12  Edw.  I.  c.  3.  did  not  enforce  the 
same  penalties.  But  a  learned  correspondent  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  reminds  me  of 

"  The  old  Irish  pecuniary  satisfaction  (aTroii'a)  for 
homicide  and  other  offences.  It  is  related  of  O'Neal  in 
the  sixteenth  century  that  on  the  English  chief  governor 
demanding  leave  to  send  a  sheriff  into  his  country,  the 
Irishman  readily  consented,  but  desired  only  to  know  at 
what  sum  his  Eric  was  fixed,  so  that  if  he  happened  to 
be  slain,  the  amount  might  be  levied  off  the  Clan  —  a 
prospect  not  very  seductive  to  the  intended  official." 

That  "  Murdrum  "  was  not  peculiar  to  England 
is  shown  by  Maurer  in  his  Inquiry  into  Anglo- 
Saxon  Mark- Courts  and  their  Relation  to  Manoi-inl 
and  Municipal  Institidions,  and  Trial  by  Jw-y,  8vo., 
London,  1855.  Bibliothecar.  Chetham. 


POETICAL    WILLS. 

Mb.  Blencowe  (1"  S.  xii.  81.)  has  given  some 
curious  specimens  of  poetical  wills ;  allow  mo  to 
subjoin  two  which  I  have  transcribed  from  cut- 
tings of  tijro  old  newspapers.  G. 

No.  1. 

John  Hedges,  late  of  Finchley,  Middlesex,  Esq.,  proved 
July  5,  1737. 
"  This  Fifth  day  of  May, 
Being  airj'  and  gay. 
To  hip  not  inclined, 
But  of  vigorous  mind. 
And  my  body  in  health, 
I'll  dispose  of  my  wealth 
And  of  all  I'm  to  have 
On  this  side  the  grave. 
To  some  one  or  other, 
I  think  to  mj'  brother ; 
But  because  I  foresaw 
That  m3'  brother-in-law. 
If  I  did  not  take  care, 
Would  come  in  for  a  share. 
Which  I  no  ways  intended 
Till  their  manners  were  mended  — 
And  of  that,  God  knows,  there's  no  sign  — 
I  do  therefore  enjoin 
And  strictly  command. 
As  witness  my  hand, 
That  nought  I  have  got 
Be  brought  to  hotch-pot ; 
And  I  give  and  devise. 
Be  much  as  in  me  lies. 
To  the  son  of  my  mother, 
My  own  dear  Brother, 
To  have  and  to  hold, 
And  my  silver  and  gold, 
.  As  the  affectionate  pledges 
Of  his  brother 

John  Hedges." 

No,  2. 
William  Jacket,  late  of  the  Parish  of  St.  Mary,  Islington, 
dec,  proved  July  17,  1789. 
"  I  give  and  bequeath. 
When  I'm  laid  underneath. 


304 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  N"  42.,  Oct.  18.  '66. 


To  my  two  loving  sisters  most  dear, 

The  whole  of  my  store, 

Were  it  twice  as  much  more, 
Which  God's  goodness  has  granted  me  here. 

"  And  that  none  may  prevent 
This  my  will  and  intent. 
Or  occasion  the  least  of  law  racket, 
With  a  solemn  appeal 
I  confirm,  sign,  and  seal 
This  the  true  act  and  deed  of 

WiM,.  Jacket." 


NEWCOURT's    "  REPERTOmUM." 

As  the  diocese  of  London  will  shortly  be  sub- 
jected to  a  new  arrangement,  it  is  much  to  be  de- 
sired that  some  steps  should  be  taken  to  complete 
to  the  present  time  the  various  lists  of  incumbents 
contained  in  Newcourt's  Repertorium  Ecclesias- 
ticum  Parochiale  Londinense.  As  a  century  may 
elapse  before  we  meet  with  another  "  Notary 
Publick"  to  continue  what  this  author  so  ably 
commenced,  it  has  occurred  to  me,  that  by  a  di- 
vision of  labour  this  desirable  object  might  be  at- 
tained. The  plan  that  suggests  itself  is  a  simple 
one ;  but  One  which  perhaps  can  only  be  carried 
out  by  the  authorities  of  Sion  College. '  Let  the 
librarian,  with  the  consent  of  the  president  and 
fellows,  issue  a  circular  to  the  present  incumbents 
of  all  the  parishes  enumerated  by  Newcourt,  so- 
liciting a  return  of  the  names  of  their  predecessors 
since  the  year  1700,  when  the  author  closed  his 
History.  The  returns  should  be  made  upon  the 
plan  laid  down  by  Newcourt,  containing  a  short 
biographical  notice  of  each  incumbent,  and  other 
memoranda  relating  to  his  church. 

From  two  articles  inserted  in  "N.  &  Q."  (1*'  S. 
xii.  381.,  and  2"''  S.  i.  261.),  it  appears  that  some 
materials  for  a  new  edition  of  Newcourt's  great 
work  have  been  collected  by  Bishop  Kennett,  Peter 
Le  Neve,  and  William  Cole,  the  Cambridge  an- 
tiquary. "Whilst  writing  I  find  from  the  papers 
that  the  Rev.  William  Henry  Milman,  M.A., 
son  of  the  Dean  of  St.  Paul's,  has  recently  been 
appointed  Librarian  of  Sion  College ;  and  I  am 
sure  there  is  no  one  who  would  more  cordially 
and  energetically  assist  in  any  good  work  con- 
ducive to  the  benefit  of  the  church  of  the  present 
and  future  ages.  J.  Y. 


FORM    OF    PENANCE   IN    1720. 

"The  copy  of  a  pennance  which  was  done,  and  per- 
form'd  by  Oliver  Clark  of  this  parish  of  Long  Houghton 
in  the  county  of  Northumberland,  and  diocese  of  Durham. 

"  As  appointed,  he  was  present  in  parish  Cliurcli  afores'd, 
in  his  penitential  habitt,  viz.  bareheaded,  bareleg'd,  and 
barefooted,  with  a  white  sheet  about  his  shoulders,  and  a 
white  Rod  in  his  hand,  immediately  after  the  Niceen 
Creed,  and  stood  upon  a  stool,  in  the  said  Church,  before 
the  Minister  and  y°  whole  congregation,  tlien  and  there 


assembled,  he  did  acknowledge  his  offence  in  committing 
the  sin  of  Incest,  by  saying  after  the  Minister,  with  a  dis- 
tinct and  audible  voice  as  folio weth,  viz. : 

"  Whereas  (good  neighbours)  i,  forgetting  and  neglect- 
ing my  duty  towards  Almighty  God,  and  the  care  that  I 
ought  to  have  had  of  my  precious  soul,  have  committed 
the  horrid  and  detestable  Sin  of  Incest  with  Margret 
Clark,  Widdow  of  my  Uncle  Sam.,  to  the  great  danger  of 
mj'  precious  soul,  the  evil  and  pernicious  example  and 
encouragement  of  others,  and  the  scandall  of  all  good 
Christians,  I  do  here,  in  the  presence  of  this  congregation, 
in  most  penitential  and  sorrowful  manner,  acknowledge 
and  confess  my  said  sin  and  wickedness,  and  do  declare 
myself  to  be  heartily  sorry  for  the  same ;  humblj^  desiring 
Almight}'  God,  from  the  bottom  of  my  heart,  and  all  good 
Christians  offended  thereby,  to  forgive  me  this  and  all 
other  my  sins  and  offences,  and  so  to  assist  me  with  the 
grace  of  his  holy  Spirit,  that  I  may  never  committ  the 
like  hereafter.  To  which  purpose  and  end,  I  desire  j^ou 
all  here  present  to  pray  unto  Almighty  God,  with  me  and 
for  me,  saying : 

"  O  Lord,  we  beseech  thee,  mercifully  hear  our  prayers 
and  spare  this  penitent  who  confesseth  his  sins  unto  thee, 
and  give  him  grace  so  to  reform  and  end  his  life,  that  he 
whose  conscience  by  sin  is  accused,  by  thy  merciful 
pardon  may  be  absolved  through  Christ  our  Lord. 
Amen. 

"  0  most  might}'  God,  and  merciful  Father,  who  hast 
compassion  upon  all  men,  and  hatest  nothing  that  thou 
hast  made,  who  wouldest  not  the  death  of  a  sinner,  but 
that  he  should  rather  turn  from  his  sins  and  be  sav'd, 
mercifully  forgive  this  penitent  his  sins  and  trespasses ; 
receive  and  comfort  him  who  is  griev'd  and  wearied  with 
the  burthen  of  his  sins :  Thy  property  is  always  to  have 
mercy;  to  thee  only  it  appertaineth  to  forgive  sins. 
Spare  him,  therefore,  good  Lord,  spare  this  penitent  whom 
thou  hast  redeem'd ;  enter  not  into  judgment  with  this 
thy  servant,  who  is  vile  earth  and  a  miserable  sinner ; 
but  so  turn  thine  anger  from  him,  who  meekly  acknow- 
ledges his  vileness,  and  truly  repents  him  of  his  faults ; 
and  so  make  haste  to  help  him  in  this  world  that  he  may 
ever  live  with  thee  in  the  world  to  come,  through  Jesus 
X'  our  Lord.    Amen. 

"  Our  Father  w^  art  in  heaven,"  &c. 


«  Sep.  27,  1720. 
"Elisabeth,  the  most  base  daughter  of  Oliver  Clark 
(begotten  on  his  Uncle  Sam^s  widow)  Roper  of  Long- 
Houghton,  was  Xtned." 

J.  Mn. 


COMMON-PLACE   BOOKS   FOR   THE   BIBLE. 

I  have  been  in  the  habit  of  filling  an  interleaved 
Bible  with  notes  from,  or  reference  to,  passages  in 
all  classes  of  writers  which  serve  to  illustrate  the 
text.  A  commentary  of  this  kind,  taken  from  a 
wide  and  varied  range  of  reading,  and  compiled 
with  j  udgraent,  would  prove  much  more  profitable 
and  instructive  than  the  heavy  and  jejune  works 
which  often  pass  under  that  name.  At  the  same 
time,  such  a  commentary  need  by  no  means  clash 
with  a  good  commentary,  compiled  on  a  more 
formal  and  restricted  plan.  Locke  and  Dodd's 
well-known  Common-place  Book  to  the  Bible  by 
no  means  corresponds  to  its  name,  except  in  a 
disparaging  sense.   The  Commentaries  of  the  Rev. 


2*i  S.  No  42.,  Oct.  18.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


m. 


Jas.  Ford,  on  the  Gospels  and  Acts,  "  Illustrated 
from  Ancient  and  Modern  Athens,"  come  perhaps 
nearer  my  meaning  than  any  publication  I  re- 
member, and  yet  they  take  in  by  no  means  a  wide 
or  varied  range  of  learning  or  illustration.  Pici- 
nelli's  work  too  I  may  mention,  though  I  only 
know  it  in  the  Latin  translation,  and  it  is  con- 
fined to  ancient  authors  : 

"  Picinelli  (D.  Philippi)  Lumina  Reflexa,  seu  omnium 
veterum  Classicorum  ac  Ethnicorum  Authorum  exactis- 
simus  Consensus  cum  singulis  Capitibus  ac  singulis  pene 
Versibus  Sacrorum  Bibliorum  V.  et  N.  T.  deserviens  in- 
star  Commentarii  ad  totam  S.  Scripturam.  Ex  Italico 
Latine  reddidit  D.  Augustinus  Erath.  Franco/.,  1702. 
Folio." 

Such  a  commentary  as  I  propose  would  furnish 
a  noble  aim  and  central  point  of  unity  for  the 
discursive  reading  of  a  cultivated  mind.  Were  it 
undertaken  by  one  man,  I  could  name  none  more 
suitable  than  the  Rev.  Richard  Chenevix  Trench. 
It  would  be  best  performed,  however,  by  the 
united  efforts  of  several  persons. 

Apropos  to  this  subject,  A  Patristic  Commen- 
tary on  the  whole  Bible  was  planned  some  years 
ago  by  Dr.  Newman,  Dr.  Pusey,  Rev.  J.  Williams, 
Rev.  C.  Marriott,  &c. ;  but  unfortunately  was 
never  carried  into  execution,  and  such  a  work 
still  remains  a  great  desideratum.       Eirionnach. 


EPITAPHS. 


Epitaph  in  Plumstead  Churchyard.  — 

«  s.  s.  s.    • 

Interred  lie  the  mortal  remains  of 

General  Sir  William  Green,  Baronet, 

Chief  Royal  Engineer, 

Departed  this  life,  Jan.  11, 1811.    Aged  86  years. 

Efficient  duty  reminiscent  grave 

Yet  mild  philantrophy  a  reign  may  save 

If  but  the  mind  incline  rare  to  deny 

Courteous  humane  to  misery  a  sigh 

To  woe  and  wretchedness  a  constant  friend 

What's  the  proud  curse  —  a  rind  an  atom  cloud 

Where  shines  the  planet  nature's  voice  is  loud 

Soft  sweep  the  l3Te  pity  her  distress 

Compassion's  melting  moods  her  numbers  bless 

On  these  perhaps  our  future  joys  depend 

Aided  by  the  interference  of  an  honourable  friend 

In  the  honourable  corps  of  Artillery 

We  have  further  consigned  to  memory 

A  tablet  in  the  Sanctuary  of  the  Church." 

M.  C. 


Epitaph  at  Truro.  —  In  the  church  of  St. 
Mary's,  Truro,  Cornwall,  is  a  mural  tablet  bear- 
ing tlie  following  quaint  record  of  the  character 
and  deeds  of  a  hero  of  olden  time  : 

"  Adfa  ev  ixfiCa-Toii  ©ew. 

"To  the  pious  and  wel  deserved  memory  of  Owen 

Fitz-Pex  als  Phippen,  who  travelled  over  many  parts 

of  the  world,  and  on  y"  24"»  March,  1620,  was  taken  by 

the  Turkes  and  made  a  captive  in  Argier.    He  projected 


sundry  plots  for  his  libertie,  and  on  y"  17t'»  June,  1627, 
with  10  other  Christian  captives  dutch  and  french  (per- 
suaded by  his  counsel  and  courage),  he  began  a  cruel 
fight,  with  65  Turkes  in  their  own  ship,  wc.  lasted  3 
howers,  in  wc.  5  of  his  companie  were  slaine,  yet  God 
made  him  captaine.  So  he  brought  the  ship  into  Carta- 
gene,  being  of  400  tuns  and  22  Ordce.  Tiie  King  sent 
fbr  him  to  Madrid  to  see  him,  he  was  proffered  a  capi- 
taine's  place  and  the  K.'s  favour  if  he  would  turne  Papist, 
wc.  he  refused.  He  sold  all  for  GOOOZ.,  returned  to  Eng- 
land, and  died  at  Lamoran,  17  March,  1636. 

"  Melcomb  in  Dorset  wos  his  place  of  birth. 
Age  54,  and  here  lies  Earth  on  Earth. 

"  Geo.  Fitz-Pen  als  Phippen, 

Ipsius  frater  et  hujus  Ecclesiaj  Rector, 

H.  M.  P." 

There  are  two  shields  engraved  on  the  tablet ; 
the  one  bearing  three  scallop  shells,  and  the  other 
a  lion  rampant  and  crosslets. 


Epitaph  at  Norwich.  —  As  you  occasionally  ad- 
mit epitaphs  in  your  pages  possessing  singularity 
from  the  events  recorded,  as  well  as  others  of  un- 
questioned merit,  I  enclose  one  copied  from  the 
graveyard  of  the  Old  Men's  Hospital,  in  Norwich, 
which  under  the  former  distinction  may  deserve 
admission  in  your  columns : 

"In 
Memory  of 
Mrs.  Phebe  Crewe, 
who  died  May  28,  1817,    , 

Aged  77  years. 
Who,  during  forty  years' 

practise  as  a  midwife 

in  this  City,  brought  into 

the  world  nine  thousand 

seven  hundred  and 

thirty  Children." 

Henry  Davenbt. 


Epitaph  at  Kinver,  Staffordshire.  —  The  fol- 
lowing epitaph  seems  worth  preserving  in  "  N.  & 
Q."  It  is  on  a  tomb  in  Kinver  Church,  Stafford- 
shire : 

"  To  the  Memory 

of  Eliza,  wife  of  W.  Crawsley. 

She  died  in  childbed,  Nov.  13, 1813. 

Aged  28. 

"  In  this  sequester'd  fane,  this  humble  stone. 
Guiltless  of  art,  adorn'd  by  truth  alone, 
Thy  virtues,  lov'd  Eliza,  best  may  show, 
And  point  the  sources  of  a  husband's  woe. 
What  if  no  scenes  of  busier  life  appear, 
With  dazzling  radiance  in  thy  brief  career  ? 
Thine  was  the  soul  that  shunn'd  the  general  gaze. 
Thine  the  mild  lustre  of  domestic  praise. 
Five  fleeting  years  in  joys  unsullied  past, 
Four  pledges  of  delight,  too  pure  to  last, 
Presaged  how  brightly  in  more  lengthen'd  life 
Had  shone  the  friend,  the  mother,  and  the  wife. 
Charm'd  by  thy  tongue,  by  thy  example  fired. 
No  more  my  youth  life's  giddy  course  desired. 
Oh !  how  Avithout  thee  shall  the  path  be  trod 
That  leads  to  Life,  to  Virtue,  and  to  God ! 


306 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«d  s.  No  42.,  OOT.  18.  '56. 


terior  of  a  church.  How  comforting  the  thought 
that  such  epitaphs,  and  the  melancholy  renaissance 
to  which  they  owe  their  origin,  are  dying  out  day 
by  da^'.  Ceybep. 


Seliliav  iJott^. 

Curious  Enti-y  of  a  Baptism  at  Oghourne  St, 
Andrew,  co.  Wilts.  — 

"When  Europe's  mirroui"  England's  royall  Queene,  Eliz- 
abeth, was  dead. 
Then  Collerne's  Elizabeth  y"  first  was  seene,  in  Ogg- 

bourne  christened, 
Both  she  and  wee  and  all  this  Land  may  rue  y'  wofull 

day, 
Wherein  y«  Lord  with  angry  hand,  our  Queene  did 

talte  away. 
Full  foure  and  forty  3'eares  and  more  this  Virgin  Queene 

did  reigne, 
Wlierein  God's  holy  word  in  store  she  kept,  and  did 

niainteine. 

Elizabeth  Collerne  y«  daughter  of  Eobert  Collerno 

was  baptized  y"  xxvij*  of  March  being  Sonday. 

God  graunt  y'  precious  pearle  may  still  in  England 

preached  be, 
y  kept  may  be  his  holy  will,  of  all  of  each  degree ; 
So   shall  both  qu^-etness  and  peace  in  England  still 

abound, 
God's  love  towards  us  will  increase,  our  foes  he  will 

confound ; 
This  is  my  wishe,  This  humbly  I  request,  God  graunt 

it  thus  may  be. 
If  not  let  Andrewe's  Oggbourne  Curate  rest  in  heaven 

with  Christ,  with  thee ; 

Amen,  Amen. 
Now  noble  James,  of  Scotland,  England,  Ireland,  King, 

God  graunt  thee  long  to  reigne, 
With  sharpest  sword  to  cut  down  sinne,  good  lawes  to 

bring,  and  God's  word  to  meintaine; 
Then   shall  the  hartes  of  English  wightes  be  firmly 

knitt  to  thee. 
Of  gracious  Earles,  of  noble  Knightes,  of  all  in  each 

degree. 

Amen,  Amen,  Amen. 
"  The  poem  of  Edward  Baro" 
Curat  of  Ogborn." 

The  above  is  entered  under  the  year  1603. 
The  Queen  died  at  Richmond  on  the  24th  of 
March,  three  days  before  the  date  of  the  baptism. 
In  the  burial  register  at  Ogbourne  St.  Andrew  is 
the  following  entry  : 

"  Mr.  William  Goddard,  parson  of  both  Oggbournes, 
was  buried  with  great  solemnity  June  xv"*,  1G04,  being 
Trinity  Monday  before  the  Coronation  of  James,  King  of 
Scotland." 

Patonce. 

Even  the  Name  of  America  faulty.  —  Having 
had  occasion  to  look  over  some  of  the  most  rare 
Incunabula  of  the  travels  of  Amerlsio  Vespucci,  I 
find  that  his  Cliristian  name  was  Emmericus,  the 
German  St.  Emmerich,  which  was  only  Italianised 
into  Amerigo.  Alexander  Humboldt  has  shown 
in  his  Examen  Critique  how  it  came  that  the 
name  was  given  to  America  from  one  who  was  not 
its  discoverer.     But  as  even  this  name  is  one  of 


Yet  shall  my  soul  His  high  behest  obey, 
Whose  bount\-  gave,  whose  justice  takes  awaj' ; 
Nor  e'er  m}'  grateful  heart  forget  that  he 
Ow'd  thee  to  Heaven,  who  ow'd  his  heaven  to  thee." 

Stylites. 


Epitaph  at  Ahinger.— From  a  wood-rail  memo- 
rial in  Abinger  Churchyard,  Surrey  : 

"  To  the  memory  of  Henry  Hubbard,  died  1849,  aged 
72  j-ears. 

"  My  hammer  and  anvil  have  lost  its  ring. 
My  bellows,  too,  have  lost  its  wind, 
My  fire's  extinct,  my  forge  decayed, 
Jly  rasp  and  vice  in  the  dust  are  laid ; 
My  coal  is  spent,  mj'  iron  gone. 
My  last  nail's  driven,  my  work  is  done." 

D.  D.  H. 


Curious  Epitaphs.  — In  S.  Maria  del  Popolo, 
Rome :  — 

1.  Over  the  son  of  a  professor  of  geometry  : 

"  Hie  lapis  centrum  est, 

Cujus  peripheria  vita  fait. 

Giratus  est  quondam  in  hoc  turbulento  vitee  circulo 

Nobilis  *  * 

Parente  regni  Geometria 

Qui  infelicissime  quadraturam  circuli  invenit, 

Dum  filius  ejus  dilectissimus 

Sub  hoc  quadrato  lapide  sepulchrali 

Humatus  est." 

2.  Over  an  artist  of  the  seventeenth  century. 
At  the  top  of  his  monument,  made  by  his  own 
hands  as  a  specimen  of  his  skill  in  painting,  sculp- 
ture, and  architecture,  is  his  portrait  in  a  fixed 
frame ;  and  underneath  it  the  words,  "  Neque 
hie  vivus."  Beneath  the  epitaph,  within  a  grated 
sepulchre,  the  figure  of  a  human  skeleton  Is  sculp- 
tured in  marble,  and  so  placed  as  to  appear  to 
look  through  the  grating ;  above  which  are  the 
words  "  Nee  illic  mortuus : " 

"  J.  B.  GiSLENUS  ROMANCS 

Sed  orbis  civis  potius  quam  viator 

Omnia  bona  ut  mala  secum  tulit. 

Domum  hie  quasrens  brevem,  alibi  ieternam, 

Suis  edoctus  floribus,  pomis  ac  moutibus, 

Vitam  non  modo  caducam  esse,  sed  fluxam, 

Ea  sese  vivum  expressit  imagine 

Quam  non  nisi  pulvis  et  umbra  fingeret. 

Memor  vero  hominem  esse  plastice  natum, 

Hsec  artis  suae  vestigia  fixit  in  lapide, 

Sed  pede  mox  tempoi-is  conterenda. 

Ita  mortis  sua3  obdurescens  in  victoria 

Ut  illam  captivam  ac  saxeam  fecerit 

Picturae  Sculpturae  et  Architecture 

Triplici  in  pugna  nulli  daturus  palmara ; 

Judex  non  integer  scissus  in  partes. 

Peregit  tandem  extremum  annum, 

A  te  nee  plausus  exacturus  nee  planctus 

Sed  in  aditu  '  Ave,'  in  exitu  '  Salve.' 

A.D.  1672,  suum  agebat  60." 

These  inscriptions  I  have  never  met  with  in 
print.  Of  their  unsuitable  character  for  a  church- 
yard, there  can  be  no  doubt,  much  less  for  the  in- 


2nd  s.  No  42.,  Oct.  18.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


307 


faulty   construction,   let  us   henceforth   exclaim, 
"  Hail  Colombia !  "  J.  Lotskt. 

15.  Gower  Street. 

Extraordinary  Births.  —  There  is  a  woman  now 
living  in  Chester,  the  wife  of  a  tavern-keeper,  who 
has  had  twenty- six  children  in  sixteen  years. 
This  has  been  accomplished  by  a  plentiful  sprink- 
ling of  twins  among  the  ordinary  births.  Several 
of  "the  children  are  still  living,  but  the  parents 
have  filled  three  graves  in  St.  Oswald's  church- 
yard with  the  defunct  issue  of  their  marriage. 

T.  Hughes. 

Chester. 

"  Coot''  —  In  looking  over  Skelton's  Phylyp 
Sparowe,  I  noticed  the  line  : 

"  And  also  the  mad  coote." 

This  recalled  to  my  memory  a  proverbial  saying 
in  the  west  of  Cornwall,  "As  mad  as  a  coot:" 
meaning,  that  the  person  was  excessively  angry. 
Is  there  anything  in  the  habits  of  the  bird  war- 
ranting the  character  here  given  it? 

J.  H.  A.  Bone. 

Oldest  Australian  Colonist.  — 

"  The  Melbourne  papers  report  the  death  of  one  Henry 
Waller,  aged  62,  the  oldest  Australian  emigrant,  he 
having  resided  in  that  colony  37  years.  It  is  melancholy 
to  find  that  Waller  died  suddenly  from  a  heart  disease, 
induced  by  excessive  tippling." —  Times,  Aug.  IG,  1856. 

E,.  W.  Hackwood. 

"  As  deep  as  the  North  Star  : "  "^.s  deep  as  Gar- 
richr  —  These  are  two  degrees  of  comparison  for 
intensified  cunning  in  common  use  amongst  the 
lower  classes  in  this  town  and  neighbourhood. 
The  relevancy  of  the  former  expression  is  not  very 
apparent,  yet  there  must  be  a  reason  for  it ;  and 
the  latter  is  remarkable  as  showing  that  the  genius 
of  the  modern  Roscius  was  something  beyond  the 
mere  fivme  which  attaches  itself  to  the  actor  of  an 
age.  In  this  case,  although  the  term  "  deep  "  has 
been  wrested  from  its  original  signification  of 
tragic  intensity,  and  the  name  of  Garrick  has  been 
corrupted  into  "  Garratt,"  the  existence  of  such  a 
proverb  amongst  a  people  who  can  have  scarcely 
heard  of  Garrick  shows  how  widely  spread  the 
fame  of  that  great  actor  must  have  been,  and  how 
transcendant  that  art  which  could  so  simulate 
nature  as  to  pass  into  a  by-word. 

John  Pavin  Phillips. 

Haverfordwest. 

Font  Inscription.  —  The  following  inscription  is 
cut  on  the  stone  base  of  the  fine  Norman  font  in 
Radley  Church,  Berks : 

"  Vas  sacrum  antiquissimum,  diu  apud  rusticos  in  pago 
neglectum  tandem  denuo  inter  res  sacras  servandum 
curavit  Johannes  Radcliffe  hujus  ecclesise  vicarius,  a.d. 

MDCCCXL." 

W.  J.  Beknhabd  Smith. 

Temple. 


Duplicates.  —  In  the  Kaiserliches  Zeughaus,  in 
Vienna,  I  have  seen  the  balloon  in  which  Marshal 
Jourdan  ascended  to  reconnoitre  the  Austrian 
army  at  Fleurus.  Last  summer,  in  the  riding- 
school  at  Metz,  I  also  saw  the  balloon  in  which  the 
marshal  made  his  ascent.  The  one  is  unlike  the 
other.  Did  the  French  commander  go  up  in  two 
balloons  ?  Or  did  the  Austrians  manufacture  the 
trophy,  like  the  Russians  the  flag  of  the  Tiger,  to 
humour  the  natives  ?  J.  Doran. 

The  Amalfitan  Tahle  —  The  Defenders  of  the 
Faith  !  —  Mr.  H.  Flanders's  treatise  on  Maritime 
Law  (Boston,  U.  S.,  1852,  8vo.)  contains  the  fol- 
lowing remarkable  passage,  which  we  copy  ad 
litteram  : 

"  The  earliest  code  of  modem  sea  laws  was  compiled 
for  the  free  and  trading  Republic  of  Amalfi  ...  to- 
wards the  end  of  the  eleventh  centurj'.  The  laws  known 
as  the  Amalfitan  Table  are  entirely  lost.  No  fragment  of 
them  has  floated  down  to  us.  And  yet  they  are  men- 
tioned by  authors  who  wrote  so  recently  as  the  sixteenth 
century,  as  still  in  existence,  and  possessing  more  au- 
thority than  any  other  code.  .  .  .  The  naval  power 
of  Anialfi  was  as  superior  to  that  of  her  neighbours,  as  wa.s 
her  jurisprudence  ;  and  it  rendered  important  services  to 
Christendom,  by  aiding  the  pontiffs  to  repulse  the  Sa- 
racens. Leo  IV.  conferred  on  (the  Republic  of)  Amalfi 
the  title  of  Defender  of  the  Faith.  But  nations,  like  in- 
dividuals, have  their  periods.  The  sun  ascends  to  the 
meridian,  and  then  sinks  beneath  the  horizon.  Such  is 
nature's  law." 

J.  LOTSKY. 

15.  Gower  Street. 


Minav  Queries. 

Fowlers  of  Staffordshire.  —  Perhaps  some  of 
your  readers  could  give  me  the  crest  and  arms  of 
the  Fowlers  of  Staffordshire,  and  inform  me 
whether  there  is  any  pedigree  of  the  family  to  be 
procured  ?  Wilfeed. 

"  The  Blister.'"  —  Who  is  the  author  of  a  piece 
with  the  following  curious  title,  The  Blister,  or  a 
Little  Piece  to  Draw,  a  petit  burletta  in  one  act, 
London,  8vo.,  1814.  B.  J- 

Wm.  Cooper,  B.  A.  —  Can  you  give  me  any  in- 
formation regarding  W.  Cooper,  B.A.,  author  of 
The  Student  of  Jena,  a  German  romance,  pub- 
lished at  Norwich  in  1842.  R.  J. 

Brilley  Church  and  Funeral  Stone,  Hereford- 
shire. —  On  the  fly-leaf  of  a  book  in  my  posses- 
sion is  pasted  the  following  account  of  a  very 
singular  custom  ;  it  is  printed  on  a  narrow  slip  of 
paper,  and  does  not  appear  to  be  cut  out  of  a 
newspaper.  I  send  it  for  preservation  in  your 
valuable  columns,  should  you  think  it  worthy  of 
insertion  : 

"There  are  to  be  found  in  highly  favoured  Britain 
many  relics  of  druidical  and  popish  supcrstitioii  ;  and 


308 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°d  S.  No  42.,  Oct.  18.  '56. 


many  villagers  in  different  parts  of  the  kingdom  are  still 
spell-bound  by  the  same  prejudices  which,  centuries  back, 
and  even  before  the  reformation,  fettered  the  minds  of 
their  uninstructed  ancestors.  A  minister,  largely  aided 
by  the  Home  Missionary  Society,  writes,  in  one  of  his 
quarterly  communications  :  ■> 

" '  Last  night  as  I  was  returning  home,  after  preaching 
at  Brilley  Common,  my  companions  desired  me  to  look  at 
a  large  stone,  near  the  high  road,  and  about  three  hundred 
yards  from  the  church  (Brilley,  Herefordshire);  they 
said  that  every  corpse  buried  at  that  church  is  carried 
round  that  stone  before  its  interment.  They  said  that 
without  going  round  the  stone  the  dead  person  could  not  go 
to  heaven!  Under  this  conviction,  one  of  the  men  that 
was  talking  with  me  caused  his  mother  to  be  carried 
round  the  stone,  before  taking  her  to  be  buried. " 

Brilley  stone  is  eighty  yards  from  the  entry  to 
the  churchyard  :  it  was  formerly  a  cross,  but  by 
some  accident  it  was  broken  in  the  middle  some 
years  since.     The  people  used  to  carry  the  corpse 

THBEE   TIMES   BOUND   IT,   but   that   CUStom   is  HOW 

dropt. 

A  few  burials  of  late  have  taken  place  without 
going  round  the  stone,  but  in  general  the  dead  are 
still  carried  round  it ;  and  the  common  opinion, 
as  before  stated,  is,  that  the  dead  cannot  go  to 
heaven  without  this  ceremony  being  performed. 

Can  any  of  your  correspondents  inform  me  if 
the  stone  is  still  in  being,  and  this  curious  burial 
custom  retained  ?  and  what  its  origin  ? 

J.  B.  Whitborne. 

.  Celtic  Element  in  the  English  LangvMge.  —  Will 
you,  or  some  of  your  learned  correspondents, 
kindly  inform  me  whether  there  are  any,  and 
what,  works  on  this  subject?  Eden  Warwick. 
Birmingham. 

James  Baird  of  Chesterhall,  was  Clerk  of  the 
Wardrobe  to  Queen  Anne.      He  was  a  son   of 

Baird  of  Newbyth,  and  married  a  daughter 

of Watson   of  Bilton   Park,   Yorkshire.      I 

am  very  anxious  to  know  what  family  he  left, 
and  to  learn  any  particulars  of  his  descend* 
ants.  I  will  also  feel  very  grateful  for  any  par- 
ticulars respecting  the  office  of  Clerk  of  the 
.Wardrobe.  He  was  connected,  I  understand, 
with  the  Exchequer  in  Scotland ;  so  perhaps  his 
duties  as  clerk  may  have  been  carried  on  in  Edin- 
burgh. Sigma  Theta. 

Roive,  Serjeant-at-Laic.  —  Harl.,  1174.  (p.  89.), 
gives  John  Rowe,  of  Rowe  Place,  serjeant-at-law, 
and  adds  that  he  sold  Rowe  Combe  (or  Place)  in 
the  23rd  year  of  Henry  VIH.  Lysons  {Magna 
Britannia,  vol.  vi.  pt.  i.  p.  ccxiii. ),  on  the  au- 
thority of  Sir  William  Pole,  mentions  William 
Rowe,  Esq.,  among  "  the  persons  of  very  good 
.family  formerly  residing  in  Totnes;"  and  adds, 
"his  son  John,  who  was  serjeant-at-law  in  the 
reign  of  Henry  VIII.,  raari-ied  the  heiress  of  Barn- 
house  of  Kingston."  I  am  aware  of  difficulties  in 
th©  way  of  reconciling  the  supposition,  but  I  have 


a  strong  suspicion  that  the  two  above-named  ser- 
jeants-at-law were  the  same  person.  I  therefore 
venture  to  ask,  if  you,  or  any  correspondent,  are 
aware  whether  there  is  any  reliable  list  of  Ser- 
jeants ?  and,  if  so,  whether  there  were  two  John 
Rowes  (or  Roes,  for  the  name  is  spelt  very  vari- 
ously), Serjeants  in  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.  ? 

Tee  Bee. 

"  Pikemonger"  —  Among  the  recorded  bene- 
factors to  the  parish  of  St.  Edward,  Cambridge, 
occurs  the  name  of  one  Ellis,  a  "  Pikemonger." 
What  was  this  good  man's  calling  ?  It  may  he  he 
was  a  maker  of  the  weapon  so  called,  the  manu- 
facture of  which  in  our  own  times  has  been  so  ex- 
tensively.  revived  in  Ireland;  but  I  am  rather 
inclined  to  think  he  followed  the  more  peaceful 
trade  of  a  fishmonger,  making  the  pike,  perhaps, 
his  principal  fish.  It  is  well  known  that  Cam- 
bridgeshire has  always  been  celebrated  for  these 
voracious  "  river  sharks  "  ;  and  when,  in  the  six- 
teenth and  seventeenth  centuries,  the  sovereign  or 
other  distinguished  persons  visited  Cambridge, 
the  mayor  and  corporation  generally  presented 
them  with  a  pike.  (Vide  Cooper's  Annals.)  Even 
now  the  rivers  which  flow  through  our  fens,  and 
the  mighty  drains  which  run  into  them,  probably 
produce  these  fish  greater  both  in  size  and  quantity 
than  any  other  waters  in  Britain.  I  shall  be  glad 
to  know  if  any  of  your  readers  can  confirm  this 
idea  of  the  avocation  of  a  "  pikemonger." 

NoBEis  Deck. 
Cambridge. 

"  London  Directory."  —  James  Brown,  an  En- 
glish traveller  and  scholar,  wrote  The  Directory, 
or  List  of  Principal  Traders  in  London,  1732. 
He  gave  it  to  one  Henry  Kent,  a  printer  in  Finch 
Lane,  Cornhill ;  who  published  it  from  year  to 
year,  and  acquired  by  it  a  fortune,  with  which  he 
purchased  an  estate.  None  of  these  Directories 
appear  to  exist  in  the  British  Museum,  nor  in  the 
Library  of  the  London  Corporation.  As  it  would 
be  interesting  to  compare  one  of  them  (especially 
the  one  of  1732)  with  the  present  corpulent  Lon- 
don Directory,  any  of  your  correspondents  who 
can  give  information  where  this  one,  or  any  of  the 
others  can  be  seen,  will  oblige  K.  J. 

The  Duke  of  Monmouth's  Mother  was  Lucy 
Walters,  6therwise  Barlow,  a  Pembrokeshire 
woman.  There  was  a  family  named  Barlow  set- 
tled at  Slebech,  in  that  county,  from  Henry  VIII.'s 
reign  till  somewhat  recent  times,  of  which  the 
representative  was  created  a  baronet  in  1677. 
Was  she  of  that  family  ?  It  would  oblige  me  to 
be  informed  of  her  parents'  names,  date  of  birth, 
and  place  in  pedigree.  Tee  Bee. 

London  Watchmakers  of  former  Times.  —  I 
have  a  very  ancient  silver  watch,  which  has  been 


2nd  s.  N"  42.,  Oct.  18.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ao^ 


m  my  family  from  an  immemorial  date.  In  shape 
it  is  the  very  reverse  of  a  modern  flat  watch,  being 
an  inch  and  a  half  thick,  and  in  every  respect  has 
a  perfectly  antique  appearance.  The  name  of  the 
milker  is  "  John  Everell,  by  the  Maypole  in  the 
Strand,  London,  Fo.  420."  Can  any  reader  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  inform  me  of  this  Everell,  or  when 
floruit  ?  or  is  there  any  work  which  gives  an  ac- 
count of  the  old  eminent  watchmakers  of  London  ? 
I\Iay  I  also  add  that  I  have  an  antique  gold  watch, 
of  a  more  diminutive  size,  and  evidently  of  a  much 
later  period,  which  has  an  embossed  allegorical 
representation  of  the  four  seasons  at  the  back, 
and  is  inscribed  "Joseph  Martineau,  senior, 
London,  No.  1142."?  I  should  wish  to  know 
something  concerning  this  Martineau,  Senior. 

A. 

Nicknames  of  American  States.  —  In  English 
Traits  Emerson  says  (p.  27.)  : 

"  I  chanced  to  read  Tacitus  On  the  Manners  of  the 
Germans,  not  long  since,  in  Missouri  and  the  heart  of 
Illinois,  and  I  found  abundant  points  of  resemblance  be- 
tween the  Germans  of  the  Hercynian  forest  and  our 
Hoosiers,  Suckers,  and  Badgers,  of  the  American  woods." 

I  am  told  that  the  three  words  printed  in 
Italics  are  the  nicknames  given  by  the  Americans 
to  the  inhabitants  of  three  of  the  states  of  the 
Union  (for  instance,  that  by  "  Suckers  "  the  in- 
habitants of  Illinois  are  meant).  Can  any  of  your 
readers  furnish  me  with  a  complete  list  of  similar 
nicknames  in  use  in  the  United  States  to  desig- 
nate the  inhabitants  of  each  state  ? 

Vespektilio. 

Cirencester. 

Connection  of  the  Ancients  loith  America.  — Can 
any  of  your  readers  contribute  inforznation  as  to 
the  alleged  discovery  of  Greek  or  lloman  remains 
in  the  New  World  ?  Some  years  since  I  read  an 
account  of  a  Greek  inscription,  said  to  have  been 
discovered  on  the  banks  of  the  river  La  Plata. 
Is  there  anything  further  known  of  it  ?  The  same 
question  will  apply  also  to  the  alleged  discovery, 
mentioned  in  the  newspapers  about  a  twelvemonth 
since,  of  a  pot  of  Roman  coins,  in  the  excavations 
made  for  some  portion  of  the  railway  on  the 
Isthmus  of  Darien.  Henry  T.  Riley. 

Plague  Plant.  —  Can  any  Carthusian,  or  other 
naturalist,  give  me  the  natural  history  name  of 
i\ic  plague  plant,  a  plant  so  called  which  grows,  or 
did  grow,  in  the  grounds  of  the  Charterhouse  ? 

So  far  as  I  can  recollect,  it  had  a  small  yellow 
flower  ;  and  from  the  milky  juice  in  the  stem,  I 
am  inclined  to  think  that  it  was  one  of  the  Eu- 
phorbiacca?.  This  milky  juice  either  had,  or  was 
fancied  to  have,  a  sickly  smell,  and  it  was  a  cur- 
rent tradi'.iiju  that  it  only  grew  on  that  epot, 
owin^  its  nutriment  to  the  bodies  interred  there 
during  the  great  plague  of  1348-52  ;   at  which 


period  the  grounds  and  square  formed  part  of 
Pardon  Churchyard,  purchased  by  Sir  Walter 
Manny  for  the  burial  of  the  dead. 

Henry  T.  Riley. 

Liturgical  Queries.  —  1 .  The  verse  in  the  Veni 
Creator  beginning  "  Dissolve  litis  vincula,"  is 
omitted  in  the  Hymnarium  Sarishuriense  (Darling, 
1846),  and  would  seem  to  be  also  wanting  in  the 
other  English  Service-books.  Nevertheless  the 
longer  metrical  version  in  our  Ordination  Offices 
contains  a  translation  of  it,  whilst  the  shorter  ver- 
sion, and  the  two  among  Brady  and  Tate's  hymns, 
all  agree  in  omitting  it.  Can  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents explain  this  curious  circumstance  ? 

2.  Is  the  Doxology,  "  Praise  God  from  whoia 
all  blessings  flow,"  &c.,  to  be  ascribed  to  good 
Bishop  Ken  ? 

3.  When  were  the  stanzas  from  Bishop  Ken's 
"  Morning  and  Evening  Hymns "  first  printed 
with  the  Metrical  Psalms  ?  and  who  made  the 
selection  ? 

4.  Were  Brady  and  Tate  the  authors  of  all  the 
"  Hymns  "  at  the  end  of  (heir  Psalms  ?     Quidam. 

Ayreys  or  Aireys  of  Westmorland.  —  Can  any 
of  your  heraldic  correspondents  give  me  any  in- 
formation respecting  the  family  and  arms  of  the 
Ayreys  or  Aireys  of  Westmorland  ?  R.  A.  A. 

"  Giles.'"  —  Boys  commencing  their  classical 
studies,  attending  the  lowest  class  in  the  classical 
academies  of  Scotland,  are  called  gites ;  and  I 
believe  the  same  designation  has  clung  to  them 
for  a  longer  period  than  the  present  and  two  past 
generations.  At  least,  I  find  no  person  who  can 
inform  me  of  the  origin  of  the  name.  If  you  ask 
a  junior  boy  what  class  he  is  in,  he  will  probably 
answer  "  in  the  gites."  Can  any  of  your  readers 
inform  me  what  is  the  origin  of  the  term,  and 
whether  it  is  used  elsewhere  ?  A.  G.  T. 

Edinburgh. 

Which  is  the  Quercus  Bobur  ?  —  In  an  early 
Number  of  the  P'  Series  I  asked  this  question, 
and  have  received  no  answer.  It  is  of  some 
importance  to  ascertain  which  of  the  two  varieties 
of  English  oak  is  the  best,  and  in  what  districts 
each  prevails.  If  any  of  your  readers,  at  this 
season,  would  look  at  any  fine  specimens  of  En- 
glish oak  that  are  probably  not  planted  trees,  and 
make  a  note  of  the  way  the  acorns  grow,  whether 
they  have  stalks,  or  are  sessile,  i.  e.  with  the 
shortest  possible  stalk,  one  admirer  of  the  oak 
will  be  obliged  to  them.  A.  Holt  White. 

St.  James,  Clerkemcell. — Wanted,  the  names 
of  the  ministers  of  this  church  between  the  death 
of  the  Rev.  Dewel  Poad  in  1722,  and  the  election 
of  the  Rev.  William  Kclion,  circa  1757.  J.  Y. 


Sl() 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2na  s.  J^o  42.,  Oct.  18.  '5G. 


Southwell  MSS.  — The  Southwell  MSS.  were 
sold  by  the  late  Mr.  Thorpe,  of  Bedford  Street, 
London,  in  or  about  the  years  1834-5.  They 
were  all  of  great  historical  and  antiquarian  im- 
portance, but  some  of  them  related  almost  exclu- 
sively to  the  county  of  Down,  Ireland.  The 
writer,  for  antiquarian  purposes,  is  most  anxious 
to  ascertain  where  the  after-described  volumes  ai-e 
now  deposited,  and  trusts  some  of  your  readers 
■will  be  kind  enough  to  supply  him  with  the  de- 
sired information.  The  Nos.  and  titles  are  taken 
from  Thorpe's  Catalogue. 

"  194.    Cromwell  Barony  Papers,  4  vols,  folio. 

105.    Cromwell  Family  Papers. 

354.  Downe  Estate.  Memorial  and  other  Papers  re- 
lative to  the  Lands  at  Downe-Patrick,  the  Pro- 
perty of  the  Cromwells,  Southwells,  and  the 
late'Lord  de  Clifford.     Folio. 

356.  Rent  Rolls  of  the  Downe  Estate  of  the  Hon.  Edw. 
Southwell  for  1743-4-5-G. 

367.  Constat  of  the  Patent  for  the  Lands  of  Moyrach 
to  Murtogh,  McTurlogh,  O'Lauvry,  &c.     Folio. 

433.  Ireland.     Oflicial  Copies  of  the  Letters,  Orders  in 

Council,  &c.,  relative  to  the  Office  of  Lord  Lieu- 
tenant of  Ireland,  from  October  1710,  to  August 
1717.    2  vols.  fol. 

434.  Irish  State  Papers.    Official  Copies  of  Letters 

from  the  Lords  Justices  of  Ireland,  from  July 
1711,  to  Sept.  1713.    Fol." 

DUN-I>A-LETHGLAS. 

[Our  correspondent  will  find  many  of  the  Southwell 
papers  in  the  British  Museum ;  among  others,  "  Historical 
Collections  relating  to  Ireland  from  the  Southwell  Papers, 
1576—1751,  4  vols,  folio."  See  Addit.  MSS.  21,135  to 
21,138.] 

"  77*6  Tarantula.'"  —  A  correspondent,  a  few 
days  since,  forwarded  me  this  note,  "  The  Taran- 
tula, or  Dance  of  Fools,  a  Squib;"  and  adds,  that 
he  is  informed  that  it  was  a  prize  essay,  written 
by  the  late  Sir  R.  Peel  when  at  college,  and  that 
ten  copies  only  were  printed.  I  am  unable  to 
give  any  information  about  it ;  but  should  be  glad 
to  know  if  it  be  authentic,  and  the  circumstances 
which  called  it  forth  ?  It  bears  a  curious  title  for 
a  prize  essay.  Tke  Bee. 

[We  advise  our  correspondent  to  keep  a  sharp  eye 
upon  Eaton  Stannard  Barrett,  the  facetious  writer  of  All 
the  Talents,  1805,  as  we  feel  more  inclined  to  attribute  the 
authorship  of  The  Tarantula  (1809)  to  him  than  to  Sir 
Robert  Peel.  The  writer  of  the  latter  work  published 
two  years  before.  The  Risivg  Sun,  a  Serio-Comic  Satiric 
Romance,  by  Cervantes  Hogg,  F.S.M.  [  ?  Fellow  of  the 
Siviiiish  Multitude!']  in  two  vols.  12mo.,  1807.  Both 
works  contain  humorous  satirical  prints,  allusive  of  the 
times.  1 

Rustington  Church,  Sussex.  —  Can  any  of  your 
Sussex  correspondents  give  me  any  information 
respecting  the  parish  church  of  Rustington  (a 
small  village  about  one  mile  east  of  Little  Hamp- 
ton) ?     Walking  through  that  district  a  few  days 


ago,  and  finding  the  church  open,  I  strolled  in : 
the  interior  gave  unmistakeable  signs  of  its  anti- 
quity, and  is  well  worthy  of  a  description  in  your 
valuable  paper.  Charles  McCharles. 

[Dallaway,  in  his  Western  Sussex,  edit.  1832,  vol.  ii. 
pt.  i.  p.  25.,  has  given  the  following  account  of  this 
church :  "  This  church  is  more  spacious  than  others  in 
this  district,  consisting  of  a  nave,  two  aisles  (as  is  usual 
in  this  county,  under  the  roof  of  the  nave),  and  a  small 
chapel,  probablj'  sepulchral,  attached  to  that  on  the  north 
side,  Avhich  was  rebuilt  at  the  same  period.  The  tower 
at  the  west  end,  and  part  of  the  nave,  are  decidedly  of 
the  Norman  style.  The  chancel  is  of  the  time  of  Ed- 
ward I.  There  is  no  satisfactorj'  account  of  the  founder 
of  the  additional  chapel,  nor  of  its  original  destination. 
The  register  has  its  first  entry  in  1568."] 

^' Muggy." — Query,  Derivation  as  applied  to 
the  weather  ?  FuiT. 

[Dr.  Ogilvie  gives  the  following  derivation:  "  Mx;g- 
GiSH,  Muggy  ;  Welsh  mtccan,  a  cloud  of  fog ;  mwg,  smoke, 
or  from  the  root  of  Muck.  Moist ;  damp  ;  close  ;  warm 
and  unclastic ;  as  muggy  air."  See  also  the  word  Mokv, 
in  Todd's  Johnson.'] 


JlcpTt«3. 

NOTES     CONCERNING     EDWARD     COCKER     AND     HIS 
WORKS. 

(P'  S.  xi.  57. ;  2"'!  S.  ii.  252.) 

The  following  curious  extracts  are  copied  from 
the  MS.  note-book  of  "  John  Massey  of  Wands- 
worth, A.D.  1747."  They  furnish  some  minute 
particulars  of  this  old  worthy  and  his  works,  and 
may  be  read  with  interest  by  some  of  your  readers. 
I  should  add  that  the  MS.  is  in  my  possession. 

"  In  the  year  1657,  Cocker  published  his  Plumce 
Triu7nphus ;  in  some  title-pages  it  is  The  Pen's  Triumph, 
invented,  written,  and  engraved  by  himself;  he  lived  then 
on  the  south  side  of  St.  Paul's  church,  over  against 
Paul's  chain,  where  he  taught  the  art  of  writing ;  which 
perhaps  was  his  first  Avork  from  the  rolling  press ;  at  least 
I  have  seen  none  older,  that  is  dated.  His  picture  is  in 
the  front,  with  this  inscription  over  it,  'jEtatis  sua;,26;' 
from  which  I  conjecture  that  he  was  born  in  1631.  It 
contains  26  plates,  in  a  small  quarto,  so  that  it  seems 
as  if  he  had  a  design,  in  this  his  first  book,  to  write 
just  as  many  leaves,  as  he  avus  j-ears  old  ;  but  I  advance 
this  only  as  a  conjecture,  for  in  a  copy  of  verses  prefixed 
to  this  book  by  S.  IL,  he  mentions  The  Pen's  Experience 
(which  I  have  not  seen)  as  Cocker's  _^rs<  work;  Art's 
Glorij,  the  second ;  The  Pen's  Transcendency,  the  third  ; 
and  The  Pen's  Triumph,  the  fourth. 

"  In  the  same  year  (t.  e.  1657),  he  published  his  Pen's 
Transcendencie,  or  Fair  Writing's  Labyrinth.  It  contains 
32  small  oblong  folio  plates,  besides  his  picture  at  the 
beginning;  and  a  large  plate  at  the  end,  informing 
the  reader  that  he  then  lived  in  St.  Paul's  church- 
yard, where  he  kept  school,  and  taught  writing  and 
arithmetic.  There  is  another  edition  of  this  book  in 
1660,  which  was  then  augmented,  containing  43  leaves, 
including  letter-press  work." 

"Anno  Dom.  1659,  he  set  forth  The  Artist's  Glory,  or 
the  Penman's  Treasury ;  with  directions,  theorems,  and 
principles  of  art  in  the  letter-press  work.    It  contains  25 


2nd  s,  NO  42.,  Oct.  18.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


311 


plates,  and  at  the  end  of  the  book  is  a  Latin  anagram  by 
one  Jer.  CoHer. 

"  In  the  year  1661,  he  published  his  Penna  Volans,  or 
Youmj  Mail's  Accomplishment.  To  which  he  prefixes  this 
distich : 

'  Whereby  ingenious  j'ouths  m&y  soon  be  made, 
For  clerkship  fit,  or  management  of  trade,' 

invented,  written,  and  engraved  by  himself.  It  contains 
24  plates,  besides  his  picture  at  the  beginning.  In  each 
leaf  there  are  directions  for  the  principle  rules  of  Arith- 
metic. 

"Anno  l)om.  1GG4,  he  published  his  Guide  to  Penman- 
ship; of  which  there  is  another  edition  in  1673.  It  con- 
tains 22  oblong  folio  plates,  besides  his  picture  at  the 
beginning;  where  he  is  drawn  in  his  own  hair,  with  a 
laced  band,  and  a  pen  in  his  hand,  and  these  lines  under- 
neath : 

'  Behold  rare  Cocker's  life,  resembling  shade. 
Whom  envy's  clouds  have  more  illustrious  made ; 
Whose  pen  and  graver,  have  display'd  his  name. 
With  virtuoso's,  in  the  book  of  fame.' 
This  book  was  printed  for  John  Ruddiard,  at  the  Unicorn 
in  Cornhill. 

"Anno  Dom.  1672  he  published  his  Magnum  in  Parvo, 
or  The  Pen's  Perfection;  invented,  written,  and  engraven 
by  himself.  It  contains  26  plates  in  large  octavo,  and 
■was  engraved  vpon  silver  plates  !  The  book  was  sold  by 
John  Garret,  in  Cornhill. 

"  Anno  Dom. he  published,  The  Tutor  to  Writing 

and  Arithmetic ;  invented,  written,  and  engraven  by  the 
author  (but  without  any  date).  It  contains  16  small 
quarto  oblong  copper-plates,  mostly  in  secretary,  and 
bastard  Italian,  but  very  meanly  done.  To  which  is 
added,  a  tract,  containing  rules  for  writing ;  and  a  sketch 
of  arithmetic,  but  only  as  far  as  the  rule  of  thi-ce,  in  57 
leaves  of  letter- press  work.  It  was  printed  for  John  Gar- 
ret, in  Cornhill. 

"  Some  time  before  the  year  1676.  he  published  his 
Compkat  Writing  Blaster,  containing  23  pages  in  octavo. 
But  as  I  have  not  been  able  to  see  this  last-mentioned 
book,  I  can  give  no  further  account  of  it. 

*'  He  also  published,  some  time  before  his  death,  The 
London  Writing-Blaster,  or  Scholar's  Guide,  in  15  small 
plates,  but  without  a  date.  On  the  last  leaf  there  is  this 
short  note  in  chancerj'  hand,  viz.  Zealously  performed  by 
E.  Cocker,  living  in  Gutter-lane,  near  Cheapside. 

"  Besides  these  works  he  published : 

1.  England's  Penman,  folio. 

2.  Multum-in  Parvo,  or  the  Pen's  Gallantrij,  quarto, 
price  Is. 

3.  Youth's  Directions,  to  write  without  a  teacher. 

4.  Young  Lawyer's  Writing  Master. 

5.  The  Pen's  Facility. 

6.  The  Country  School  Master. 

"  I  cannot  ascertain  the  precise  time  of  Mr.  Cocker's 
death,  nor  wdiere  he  died;  but  if  I  remember  right,  I 
think  it  was  in  the  year  1677,  which  if  true,  was  the  46tli 
of  his  age. 

"  The  works  that  we  have  of  this  laborious  author,  that 
came  from  the  letter  press,  are  these : 

"  1.  A  book,  intituled,  Morals,  or  the  Muses  Spring- 
Garden  ;  a  quarto  of  50  pages,  containing  distichs  in  an 
alphabetical  order,  for  the  use  of  writing  schools.  It  was 
printed  for  Thomas  Lac}',  in  Southwark,  stationer.  The 
impression  that  I  copy  this  from,  is  in  1694,  but  am  not 
certain  that  it  is  the  first ;  for  if  so  it  must  have  been  a 
posthumous  work. 

"2.  In  the  year  1&7 7,  John  Hawkins,  writing  master, 
at  St.  George's  church,  Southwark,  published  Cocker's 
Vulgar  Aritfimeiic,  a  small  octavo ;  a  posthumous  work, 


recommended  to  the  world  by  John  Collens  and  thirteen 
other  eminent  mathematicians,  or  writing  masters 

"  Anno  Dom.  1695,  the  aforesaid  John  Hawkins,  pub- 
lished Cocker's  Decimal  Arithmetic,  in  octavo,  to  which  is 
added  his  artificial  arithmetic,  shewing  the  genesis,  or 
fabric  of  logarithms,  &c 

"  I  have  been  informed  that  Mr.  Cocker  had  a  large 
library  of  rare  MSS.  done  by  many  eminent  hands ;  and 
printed  books  in  various  languages  relating  to  the  sciences 
he  professed !  Some  of  the  most  curious  were  procured 
(or  purchased)  by  a  nobleman  at  a  great  price." 

These  notes  have  been  incorporated  (at  least  so 
I  am  informed)  into  W.  Massey's  Account  of  the 
most  celebrated  English  Penmen,  printed  some- 
where about  the  middle  of  the  last  century. 

Edward  F.  Rimbadlt. 


You  have  several  times  alluded  to  Cocker's 
Arithmetic,  which  after  all  must  be  more  famous 
than  rare.  I  have  two  copies  of  it,  which  I  have 
lately  turned  up  among  some  old  papers.  One  is 
the  twentieth  edition,  carefully  corrected  with  ad- 
ditions, printed  in  1700.  The  other  is  the  forty- 
eighth  edition,  carefully  corrected  and  amended, 
printed  in  17-36.  A  list  of  the  existing  editions  of 
Cocker,  so  far  as  known,  might  be  easily  made  by 
your  correspondents. 

At  the  same  time  with  Cocker,  I  met  with 
Oughtred's  Circle  of  Proportion,  and  the  Hori- 
zontal Instrument,  an  English  translation  by  Wil- 
liam Forster,  1633.  To  this  is  appended  "an 
Apologetical  Epistle,"  by  Wil.  Oughtred,  against 
Richard  Delamain,  but  it  is  unfortunately  im- 
perfect. The  introduction  to  the  book  contains 
some  particulars  concerning  the  invention  of  the 
sliding-rule,  &c.,  by  Wm.  Oughtred. 

A  third  discovery  was  of  a  large  quantity  of 
old  almanacks,  chiefly  of  the  first  half  of  the  last 
century,  but  there  were  two  of  which  I  think  a 
note  should  be  made.  One  is  in  old  English  type, 
in  black  and  red,  and  has  the  following  title  : 

"Allestree,  1620.  A  New  Almanack,  or  Annuall  Ca- 
lender, with  a  Compendious  Prognostication  thereunto 
appending,  serving  for  this  j'eare  of  our  Lord,  1620.  Being 
Bissextile  or  leap  yeare.  Calculated  and  properly  re- 
ferred, to  the  longitude  and  sublimitie  of  the  Pole 
Articke  of  the  famous  town  of  Derby:  and  may  serve 
generally,  for  the  most  part  of  Great  Britaine. 

"Made  and  written  according  to  lawfuU  Art,  by  Ri- 
chard Allestree,  Practicioner  in  Sidera,  Scientia,  &  *iAa- 
A))5t)S.     Sine  te  nihil  auxilii,  nihil  est  opis,  0  Deus  Omnipo." 

This  is  followed  by  the  text  Deut.  xxix.  29 , 
and  the  words  "  cum  Privilegio,"  but  no  name  of 
place  or  printer.  It  contains  some  curious  matter, 
but  I  can  only  give  this  : 

"  Si  tibi  deficiunt  medici,  medici  tibi  fiant, 
Haic  tria,  mens  lajta,  requies,  moderata  dieta. 

"  Vse  three  Physitians  skill,  first  Doctor  Quiet, 
Next  Doctor  Meriman,  and  Doctor  Dj'et." 

These  latter  lines  are  not  unknown  at  this  day. 
The  other  almanack  to  which  I  would  refer  is, 
"  Pond,  an  Almanack  for  the  Year  of  our  Lord  God, 


312 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  jfo  42.,  Oct.  18.  '56, 


1686.  Being  the  second  after  Bissextile  or  Leap  year, 
and  from  the  worlds  Creation  at  tlie  Spring  5G89  years 
compleat.  Amplified  with  many  good  things  both  for 
pleasure  and  profit  :  and  fitted  for  the  Meridian  of  Saffron 
Walden  in  Essex,  where  the  Pole  is  elevated  52  degrees 
and  6  minutes  above  the  Horizon. 

"  And  may  serve  indifferently  for  any  other  place  of 
this  kingdom.  Cambridge,  Printed  by  John  Hayes, 
Printer  to  the  University,  1686." 

Both  these  last  named  books  are  full  of  MS. 
notes,  &c.  Can  any  one  give  any  account  of  the 
Eichard  Allestree  above  named,  or  of  the  "  Pond  " 
who,  I  suppose,  wrote  the  last  named  almanack  ? 

While  on  this  topic,  allow  me  to  ask  who  wrote 
the  Eclipse  Races  (addressed  to  the  ladies).  By 
Philo-Pegasus,  a  Lover  of  Truth.  London,  1764. 
This  is  a  quarto  pamphlet  of  twenty  pages  only, 
the  end  being  lost.  Its  style  is  satirical,  and  it  is 
full  of  ridiculous  things.  B.  H.  Cowpeb. 

P.S.  In  a  note  by  me  in  the  present  volume, 
p.  232,  line  12.,  for  "  Warden  "  read  "  Norden," 
from  whom  the  extract  is  made. 


Never  having  seen  the  Arithmetic,  I  am  not  able 
to  give  an  opinion  as  to  whether  it  was  the  work 
of  Edward  Cocker  or  not.  But  I  possess  a  copy 
of  his  Dictionary  (Third  edition,  1724),  and  al- 
though it  confesses  to  be  "much  enlarged  and 
altered  by  John  Hawkins,"  yet  from  internal 
evidence  I  am  satisfied  that  it  is,  in  the  main,  a 
genuine  production  of  the  author  whose  name  it 
bears. 

In  the  first  place,  it  seems  to  be  an  original 
composition.  I  can  trace  no  plagiarism  from 
Phillips's  World  of  Words,  or  other  old  dictionary. 
And  it  seems  to  me  very  probable  that  if  Haw- 
kins was  trading  upon  Cocker's  fame  he  would 
not  have  scrupled  to  avail  himself  of  the  labours 
of  others. 

It  also  contains  marks  of  being  a  posthumous 
publication  of  a  MS.  left  incomplete,  not  having 
received  the  author's  final  corrections.  The  words 
do  not  follow  in  strict  alphabetical  order.  On 
the  previous  hypothesis  this  is  not  unlikely  to  have 
been  the  case,  but  surely  a  living  author  would 
have  corrected  such  errors  as  the  work  passed 
through  the  press. 

Lastly,  there  are  many  indications  of  the  author 
having  enlarged  upon  his  plan  as  he  proceeded : 
for  instance,  Cardiganshire  and  Cornwall,  and  all 
the  counties  beginning  with  the  earlier  letters  of 
the  alphabet,  are  dismissed  in  two  or  three  lines, 
more  lengthened  descriptions  of  those  counties 
being  found  under  the  articles  Shanbedern-Daur, 
Leskerd,  &c.  (which  it  would  have  been  easy  for 
an  author,  conscious  of  his  change  of  plan,  to  have 
placed  under  their  proper  heads  while  his  work 
was  printing),  while  Norfolk,  Suffolk,  &c.,  among 
later  in  the  alphabet,  are  treated  at  full  length 
under  those  heads. 


For  these  reaso;ns  among  others,  I  conclude  that 
Cocker's  English  Dictionary  is  the  work  of  Ed- 
ward Cocker:  a  fortiori,  it  would  appear  that  ihe 
Arithmetic  is  his  a.lso.  Hawkins  might  have  been 
induced  by  the  success  of  the  Arithmetic  to  have 
forged  the  Dictioihary ;  but  it  is  hardly  probable 
that  he  followed  up  the  publication  of  a  forged 
arithmetic  with  a  genuine  dictionary. 

Cocker's  birthpllace  seems  unknown.  Does  the 
following  passage.^  occurring  under  the  artisjie 
"  Norfolk,"  show  that  he  belonged  to  that  county  ? 
"  If  the  Scotch  M«en  laugh  at  our  wing  of  a  rabbit, 
ive  may  smile  at  their  shoulder  of  a  capon."  At 
any  rate,  judging  from  his  English  Dictionary,  in 
any  future  "  Worthies  of  Norfolk,"  he  will  not  be 
found  among  the  literati.  E.  G.  K. 


"  CABMISTA  QUADRAGESIMALIA." 

(2°*  S.  ii.  130.  197.) 

In  fulfilment  of  my  promise  I  send  the  names 
of  the  authors  of  these  poems  contained  in  the 
second  volume,  as  they  are  assigned  in  the  one 
now  in  my  possession.  The  number  of  poems  in 
this  volume  is  166.  I  have  numbered  them  in 
the  margin  of  my  book,  and  I  have,  as  below, 
placed  these  numbers  against  the  names  of  the 
respective  authors.  I  have  no  doubt  that  the 
testimony  of  Mr.  Sissmore,  the  late  possessor  of 
this  volume,  is  to  be  relied  on.  He  must  have 
been  a  contemporary  of  many  of  the  authors,  and 
probably  personally  acquainted  with  some  of  them. 
I  abstain  from  any  remarks  on  the  authors,  as  I 
have  nothing  trustworthy  to  communicate  on  this 
point;  and  I  would  venture  to  express  a  wish 
that  some  one  may  be  found  willing  to  tell  us 
something  of  men  whose  youthful  etlbrts  gave 
such  promise  of  future  eminence. 

Marhham.  1.  3.  6.  12.  24.  31,  32,  33,  34.  37.  46,  47.  76.  85. 
87.  90,  91,  92,  93.  97.  113.  141.  166. 

Keith.  2.  4,  5.  9,  10.  35.  39.  50.  64.  67.  69.  71.  73,  74,  75. 

Impey.  7.  11. 16.  21. 105, 106. 129.  Four  lines  of  129.,  be- 
ginning with  "Gaudet"  and  ending  with  "aquilas," 
are  ascribed  to  Markham. 

Wilcox.  8.  29.  80,  81,  82,  83.  87.  100, 101,  102,  103.  111. 
133.  136.  142.  155.  158. 

Harley.  13.  30.  35.  107. 

Lord  Stormmt.  14.  17,  18.  109,  110.  112.  117,  118.  138. 

Bedingfield.  15,  79.  94,  95.  99. 

Thomas.  19,  20.  41.  140. 

Roberts.  26.  52. 

Hay.  27. 

Nash.  28.  64. 

Tid,b.  38.  49.  53.  84.  125.  142. 

Gilpin,  'ii.  152. 

Slade.  44,  45.  123.  130. 

Sharpe.  48.  77.  114. 

Crotchlty.  51.  69.  62.  119.  137, 

Dowdeswell.  67.  161. 

Friend.  58. 

Shields.  96. 

Bruce.  98, 


2nd  s.  No  42.,  Oct.  18.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


313 


Thornton.  104.  108.  116.  135. 

Gould.  115. 

Kendall.   120.  122.  134. 

Whitfield.  124. 

Sealey.  151.  165, 

Selwin.  157.  164. 

Crachrode.  159.  162,  163. 

Thirty-seven  of  the  poems  are  not  assigned  to 
any  author  :  121  is  ascribed  to  Storniont  or  Mark- 
ham.  It  may  be  taken  as  a  proof  that  Mr.  Siss- 
more  had  the  opportunity  of  obtaining  accurate 
information,  that  he  was  able,  where  a  poem  was  a 
joint  production,  to  assign  each  part  to  its  author. 
Moreover,  he  has  written  at  the  end  of  the  last 
poem  in  the  volume  (one  of  Markham's),  with 
reference  to  the  last  couplet : 

"  Olim  in  Manuscripto.  ■• 

"  Oceani  ad  fines,  atque  uda  cubilia  soils, 
Insula  Dircaja  stat  celebrata  lyra." 

W.  H.  Gdnneb. 

Winchester. 


MUBDISTON   V.   lillLLAB.* 

(2"<»  S.  ii.  30.) 

At  the  time  when  the  question  was  asked,  "  Is 
this  trial  published,  and  where  can  it  be  obtained  ?  " 
I  had  not  the  book  at  hand  in  which  it  is  reported, 
viz.  Maclaurin's  Criminal  Cases  in  Scotland,  pub- 
lished in  1774  ;  where  this  case  will  be  found  on 
p.  557. 

The  trial  took  place  in  January  1773  ;  upon  an 
indictment  at  the  instance  of  "  His  Majesty's  Ad- 
vocate against  Alexander  Murdison,  tenant  in 
Ormiston,  and  John  Millar  his  shepherd,"  on 
charges  of  sheep-stealing,  or  receiving  sh6ep 
knowing  them  to  be  stolen.  The  report  of  the 
case  occupies  no  less  than  thirty- seven  quarto 
pages.  These,  though  I  knew  their  contents 
generally  before,  I  have  now  read  over  again. 
The  report  does  not  contain  a  word  on  the  "in- 
stinct of  sheep,"  nor  does  it  make  any  mention 
of  a  dog.  It  consists  of  arguments  upon  various 
legal  points  arising  in  the  course  of  the  trial,  and 
particularly  on  the  verdict,  —  Whether,  being 
signed  on  a  Sunday,  it  was  not  therefore  invalid  ? 
Whether,  finding  only  some  of  the  articles  charged 
in  the  indictment,  and  saying  nothing  of  other 
charges,  did  not  invalidate  it  ?  And,  lastly,  whe- 
ther an  appeal  from  the  High  Court  of  Justiciary 
to  the  House  of  Lords  was  competent  or  not  ? 
"  The  Court  adjudged  the  pannels  to  be  hanged." 

N.B.  In  Scotland,  the  persons  tried  are  called 
the  pannels. 

The  prisoners  offered  a  petition  of  appeal  to  the 
House  of  Lords  ;  which  was,  on  March  10,  1773, 


Thia  should  be  "  Murdison  and  Millar." 


remitted  to  a  committee  ;  upon  whose  report  the 
petition  was  rejected.     The  report  concludes : 

"  N.B.  Murdison  and  Millar  were  executed  in  terms  of 
the  Sentence  of  the  Court  of  Justiciary." 

The  report  contains  none  of  the  evidence. 
Maclaurin,  in  his  Preface,  says : 

"  It  is  irksome  to  search  the  record  of  the  Court  of 
Justiciary,  tlie  only  source  from  which  a  Icnowledge  of 
this  (criminal)  law  can  be  derived." 

It  is  also  there  only  that  the  evidence  given  on 
this  trial  can  be  found. 

The  statement  in  Blackwoodts  Magazine  (vol.  ii. 
p.  83.)  gives,  no  doubt,  a  tolerably  correct  account 
of  the  transaction.  It  was  undoubtedly  written 
by  Sir  Walter  Scott,  who  long  resided  in  the  near 
neighbourhood  of  the  farm  of  Ormiston.  In  his 
note  to  chap.  xii.  of  the  second  volume  of  St. 
Ronan's  Well,  he  gives  a  further  account  of  the 
sagacity  of  the  dog  (but  none  of  a  sheep)  ;  and  he 
also  re-states  the  story  of  the  sagacity  of  another 
dog,  also  mentioned  in  Blackwood,  and  begins  it 
by  saying  :  "  Another  instance  of  similar  sagacity 
a  friend  of  mine  discovered  in  a  beautiful  spa- 
niel," &c. 

I  cannot  at  this  moment  lay  my  hand  upon  vol.  i. 
of  Chambers's  Miscellany,  as  referred  to  by  the 
Querist ;  but  I  have  no  doubt  that  the  article 
contained  in  it  is  a  transcript  either  from  the 
Magazine,  or  the  novel,  or  a  compound  of  both. 

J.  S.  s. 


COACH    MISERIES. 

(2"''  S.  ii.  126.) 

I  am  one  of  those  who  well  remember  the 
journeys  to  and  from  home  in  our  schoolboy  days, 
when  a  week  or  more  was  deducted  from  the 
holidays  for  the  time  necessarily  passed  in  travel- 
ling, to  say  nothing  of  the  gradual  diminution  of 
pocket-money  in  the  latter  instance.  There  are, 
doubtless,  many  others  who  equally  well  recollect 
Collier's  and  Rogers's  long  coaches  from  South- 
ampton to  London,  each  pursuing  a  separate  route 
from  Winchester,  in  one  or  other  of  which  I  spent 
my  first  day  when  "  homeward  bound."  Then 
came  the  adventurous  expedition  to  York  by 
"Nelson"  or  "Highflyer,"  occupying  two  days 
and  the  intervening  night.  On  the  fourth  I  reached 
the  domestic  hearth,  but  only  when  the  season 
was  that  of  summer.  Never  shall  I  forget  the 
delays  and  circumbendibuses  of  a  winter's  journey 
in  a  deep  snow,  such  as  to  my  belief  and  experi- 
ence was  more  frequent  and  tremendous  in  earlier 
than  in  more  recent  years :  never,  too,  shall  I 
forget,  when  very  young,  and  easily  alarmed  by 
stories  of  hobgoblins  and  highwaymen,  what  hor- 
rible tales  of  murder  and  robbery  were  inflicted 
by  coachey  and  guard  on  my  shuddering  ears, 
when  we  came  in  sight  on  some  desolate  moor  of 


314 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°*  S.  NO  42.,  Oct.  18.  '56. 


the  remains  of  some  desperate  villain  hanging  in 
chains.  But,  without  further  preface  or  remark, 
let  me  proceed  to  mention  two  coach  miseries  not 
included  in  your  catalogue,  respecting  which  I 
can  say  with  truth  experto  crede. 

20.  Arriving  at  daybreak,  more  than_  half 
famished,  after  an  excessively  cold  winter  night's 
ride  on  the  box,  with  fingers  too  benumbed  to 
assist  you  in  partaking  of  the  solids  at  the  break- 
fiist  table,  and  receiving  the  summons  of — "  Now, 
gentlemen!  coach  is  waiting!"  just  as  the  pro- 
spect of  returning  circulation  gives  you  the  hope 
of  getting  a  meal. 

21.  Prepared  against  the  "pelting  of  the  piti- 
less storm,"  with  wraps  and  waterproofs,  cape, 
apron,  &c.,  to  find  that,  from  a  point  of  your 
female  neighbour's  umbrella,  which  continually 
tickles  your  ear,  and  threatens  to  upset  your  hat, 
a  regular  stream  is  conducted  down  your  neck, 
common  politeness  forbidding  you  to  remonstrate. 

N.  L.  T. 


SARACENS. 


(2"'i  S.  ii.  229.  298.) 

Abhba  wishes  to  know  the  derivation  of  this 
word.  By  Rabbinical  writers  they  are  called  Sar- 
cin,  and  in  Cbaldee,  Sarcain,  which  is  understood 
to  denote  persons  given  to  rapine  and  plunder. 
In  Gen.  xxxvii.  25.,  for  "  and  behold  a  company 
of  Ishmeelites,"  the  Jerusalem  Targum  has  Sara- 
cain,  i.  e.  Saracens.  In  the  same  place  the  Tar- 
gum of  Onkelos  has  Arabs.  It  appears  therefore 
that  Ishmeelites,  Arabs,  and  Saracens,  were  ac- 
counted synonymous  terms.  Gen.  xxxix.  1.  ex- 
hibits the  same  use  pf  the  words.  That  the 
wandering  predatory  tribes  of  Arabs  are  meant 
appears  from  a  passage  in  which  something  is 
compared  to  the  tents  of  the  Saracens  which  are 
moved  about  from  place  to  place.  The  use  of 
this  word  in  reference  to  the  Arabs  was  much 
earlier  than  the  rise  of  Mohammedanism,  as  it 
would  not  be  difficult  to  show  by  references  to 
ancient  writers.  There  are  several  derivations  of 
the  word  proposed,  one  of  which  is  thus  expressed : 
"  Dicti  autem  fuerunt  Saraceni  a  Sara  legitima 
Abraham!  uxore  ;  "  but  this  is  too  fanciful  to  be 
admitted.  A  second  view  would  trace  it  to  the 
root  p"l^  and  make  it  signify  Orientals ;  but  the 
opinion  of  Scaliger  is  far  preferable.  He  derives 
it  from  the  Arab,  sarac,  "  to  plunder."  See  Matt. 
vi.  20.,  where  the  Arabic  words  occur.  There 
can  be  little  doubt,  as  Scaliger  says,  that  this 
word,  like  Cossack,  denoted  the  predatory  hordes, 
whose  chief  occupation  was  violence  and  rapine. 
There  is  still  another  circumstance  connected  with 
this  name,  and  it  is  that  a  region  of  Arabia  was 
called  Saraca,  and  its  inhabitants  Saracens.  But  did 
the  country  take  its  name  from  the  people,  or  the 


people  from  the  country  ?  Judging  from  analogy, 
the  former  would  be  the  case,  and  the  derivation 
from  sarac,  "  to  plunder,"  hold  good.  Jerome 
says  the  Hagarenes  and  Saracens  are  the  same, 
and  he  says  they  have  falsely  taken  to  themselves 
the  name  of  Sara ;  in  the  first  he  is  right,  but  cer- 
tainly not  in  the  second  of  these  observations.  I 
may  add  that,  according  to  Ammianus  Marcellinus, 
the  name  of  Saracens  was  more  recent  than  that 
of  Scenites,  or  dwellers  in  tents.  See  Bochart, 
Phaleg.  lib.  ii.  cap.  2.,  for  interesting  particulars 
upon  the  subject.  See  Gibbon,  ch.  1.,  Bohn,  vol. 
v.  p.  446.  note.  Simson,  Chron.  Cath.  suh  an. 
2093.  a.  m.  B.  H.  C. 


Addison  and  his  Hymns  (2'"^  S.  ii.  49-)  — Had 
Mr.  Pbnstone  referred  to  the  General  Index  of 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  he  would  have  found  that  some  of 
your  correspondents  have  not  been  unmindful  of 
Addison's  fame,  and  of  his  well-founded  claim  to 
the  authorship  of  the  hymns  in  The  Spectator. 
Without  intending  to  disparage  his  poetical  ta- 
lents, we  may  safely  maintain  that  Andrew 
Marvel  had  no  better  right  to  these  beautiful  com- 
positions than  either  Tom  D'Urfey  or  Settle.  We 
may  not  be  surprised,  ere  long,  to  see  doubts  ex- 
pressed whether  De  Foe  was  the  author  of  Robin' 
son  Crusoe,  and  Johnson  of  Rasselas.        J.  II.  M. 

Who  wrote  the  Letter  to  Lord  Monteagle  (2"'*  S. 
ii.  248.)  —  The  allusion  to  the  Gunpowder  Trea- 
son, in  the  epitaph  on  Lady  Selby,  in  the  church 
at  Ightham,  copied  by  Magdalensis,  has  no  re- 
ference to  her  having  written  the  letter  to  Lord 
Monteagle,  nor  did  I  ever  hear  of  any  tradition  of 
her  having  done  so.  The  six  lines  after  "  She 
was  a  Dorcas  "  allude  to  the  hangings  of  three 
rooms  in  the  mansion  house  at  Ightham  called  the 
Moat,  which  were  worked  by  Lady  Selby  :  one 
representing  Adam  and  Eve  in  Paradise,  another 
the  Story  of  Jonah,  and  the  third  the  Apprehen- 
sion of  Guy  Fawkes.  C.  de  D. 

Hops,  a  wicked  Weed  (2"''  S.  ii.  243.  276.)  — 
The  earliest  book  mentioning  hops  with  which  I 
am  acquainted  is  the  Promptorium  Parvnlorum,  the 
learned  editor  of  which  mentions  MSS.  of  the 
date  1498,  though  probably  the  book  is  older. 
The  references  to  it  are : 

"Hoppe,  sede  for  beyre,  Hummulus,  secundum  ex- 
traneos." 

"Bere,  a  drynke.  Hummnlina,  vel  hummuli  potus, 
aut  cervisia  hummulina." 

In  the  notes  it  is  stated  that  "  bcre  "  differed 
from  ale  in  being  hopped.  I  have  no  doubt  tliat 
the  plant  is  indigenous  in  England,  and  very  little 
doubt  that,  in  common  with  alehoof,  or  ground- 
ivy,  it  has  been  used  from  very  ancient  times  for 
a  bitter  condiment  to  beer ;  though  perhaps  its 


2nd  s.  N"  42.,  Oct.  18.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


315 


cultivation  for  the  purpose  may  be  of  more  recent 
date,  at  which  time  a  foreign  name  may  have  su- 

Eerseded  its  vernacular  one.  In  Swedish  and 
)anish  it  is  still  called  humle.  Kilian  has  Hom- 
mel.  vet.  fland.  i  hoppe,  lupus  salictarius.  Hoppe, 
he  derives  "  ab  Tioppen  quod  saliat,  sive  ascendat 
arbores,"  but  whence  humulus  and  lupulus  ? 

I  am  inclined  to  tliink  that  the  plant  in  earlier 
times  bore  a  different  English  name,  from  the  fiict 
that  in  South  Burllngham,  Norfolk,  is  a  field 
called  "  Humbletoft  Six  Acres."  Also  a  hundred 
in  Norfolk,  is  called  "  Humbleyard,"  and  is  said 
to  take  its  name  from  a  wood  in  the  parish  of 
Swardestone,  where  the  hundred  court  was  for- 
merly held,  called  Humbleyard  Wood.  These 
names  in  Danish  would  mean  hop-toft  and  hop- 
garden respectively.  It  is  not  a  little  singular 
that  about  twenty  years  ago  an  unsuccessful  at- 
tempt to  reintroduce  into  Norfolk  the  cultivation 
of  hops  was  made  in  Humbleyard  hundred. 

E.  G.  R. 

I  think  L.  B.  L.  is  wrong  when  he  concludes 

that  "  hope  tymbre "  refers  to  hop  poles.     More 

probably  it  refers  to  the  underwood  which  had 

attained  sufficient  size  for  making  hoops. 

G.  W.  J. 

Peter  Newby  (2°^  S.  ii.  289.)  —  Mr.  Newby, 
about  whom  R.  J.  inquires,  long  resided  at 
Preston  (Lancashire),  where  he  for  a  short  time 
carried  on,  without  success,  the  business  of  a 
printer.  He  was  a  native  of  Kendal,  was  edu- 
cated at  Douay  for  the  Roman  Catholic  priest- 
hood, but  was  never  ordained.  He  was  next 
steward  on  board  an  African  trader,  but  on  his 
return  to  England  he  was  for  some  time  a  school- 
master, then  a  printer.  He  was  an  eccentric 
character.  He  died  at  Preston  in  December, 
1827,  at  the  advanced  age  of  eighty-two  years. 
The  following  epitaph,  which  he  wrote  for  him- 
self, humorously  tells  of  his  chequered  career. 

*'  Here  lies  Peter  Newby,  a  stranger  to  fame, 
Obscure  was  his  life,  less  known  was  his  name. 
A  sailor,  a  farmer,  a  poet,  a  teacher,  — 
His  friends  would  gladly  have  made  him  a  preacher ; 
Foreseeing  the  burden,  he  fled  from  the  snare, 
Convinced  of  himself  'twas  enough  to  take  care. 
He  thro'  the  rough  ocean  of  life  steer'd  his  course, 
In  hopes  to  be  better,  but  mostly  was  worse. 
But  his  troubles  are  o'er,  he's  laid  in  the  dust, 
And  at  the  last  day,  may  he  rise  with  the  just !  " 

Wm.  Dobson. 
Praston. 

Rings  End,pahUn  (2"'i  S.  il.  149.)  —The  ex- 
planation of  this  apparent  bull,  ring's  end,  is  very 
simple.  _  Previous  to  the  formation  of  that  portion 
of  Dublin  which  is  now  called  "  Sir  John  Roger- 
son's  Quay,"  there  were  great  piles  of  wood  driven 
into  the  sand,  and  to  each  of  these  piles  were  at- 
tached large  iron  rings,  for  the  convenience  of  the 
shipping  moored  there.    The  outermost  of  those 


piles  having  a  ring  was  called  ring's  end,  that  is, 
the  end,  or  last  of  the  rings  ;  and  hence  the  name 
given  to  the  place  at  the  end  of  Sir  John  Roger- 
son's  Quay.  Sir  John  Rogerson,  the  maker  of 
the  quay,  was  at  one  time  Lord  Mayor  of  Dublin, 
and  my  information  as  to  the  derivation  of  the 
name  Ritig's  End  was  received  from  old  Jemmy 
Walsh,  a  Dublin  pilot,  who  remembered  seeing 
the  ships  moored,  and  their  ropes  run  through  the 
rings  of  the  wooden  piles  on  the  river. 

I  am  in  a  position  to  give  information  as  to  the 
origin  of  the  names  of  other  places  in  Dublin,  as, 
for  instance,  the  "Ouzel  Galley,"  the  "Pigeon 
House,"  &c.,  should  any  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  take 
an  interest  in  our  local  antiquities.  P.  B. 

Dawson  Street,  Dublin. 

"  To  cry  mapsticks  "  (2°^  S.  il.  269.)  —  Map  is 
synonymous  with  mop.  In  Tempest's  Cryes  of 
the  City  of  London,  Draion  after  the  Life,  fob, 
1711,  is  depicted  a  damsel  with  a  bundle  of  com- 
mon domestic  mops,  sticks  and  all,  on  her  head, 
with  her  cry  in  English,  French,  and  Italian : 

"  Maids,  buy  a  mapp  ! 
Achetez  de  mes  mappes  ! 
Mappi  per  lauar'  terrazzi !  " 

"  Neverout's  "  meaning,  I  think,  is,  better  cry 
mopsticks  than  incur  the  fate  of  Mumchance,  at 
the  commencement  of  the  quotation. 

E.  S.  Taylok. 

Dodsleys  "  Collection  of  Poems"  (2""^  S.  i.  151. 
237.;  ii.  274.)— I  possess  the  edition  of  1758; 
with  it  I  purchased  an  additional  volume  entitled : 

"  A  Collection  of  the  Most  Esteemed  Pieces  of  Poetry 
that  have  appeared  for  several  Years,  with  Variety  of 
Originals,  by  the  late  Moses  Mendez,  Esq.,  and  other 
Contributors  to  Dodsley's  Collection.  To  which  this  is 
intended  as  a  Supplement.  London  :  printed  for 
Richardson  and  Urquhart,  under  the  Royal  Exchange, 

MDCCLXVU." 

The  title-page  has  a  very  pretty  vignette,  de- 
signed by  H.  Gravelot,  and  engraved  by  Isaac 
Taylor.  It  represents  Apollo,  very  gracefully 
drawn,  playing  his  lute  by  a  stone,  on  which  is 
sculptured  a  medallion  portrait,  of  whom  I  know 
not.  In  the  distance  are  two  sages,  evidently  ad- 
miring Apollo's  strains. 

The  volume  contains  Collins'  Oriental  Eclogues, 
Ode  to  Fear  and  the  Passions ;  Goldsmith's  Ed- 
win and  Angelina ;  and  upwards  of  eighty  pieces 
by  Lloyd,  Mallet,  Whitehead,  Garrick,  Bonnel 
Thornton,  Glover,  Woty,  Johnson,  Akenside, 
Moore,  Langhorne,  Mason,  Cunningham,  and 
many  others. 

My  copy  contains,  in  the  fly-leaves,  two  MS. 
poems ;  written  in  the  neatest  of  law-hands  of 
about  that  date.  One  is  called  "  Tlie  Quaker's 
Meeting,"  by  Mr.  John  Ellis  ;  the  other  is  "Epistle 
from  M.  Mendez,  Esq.,  to  Mr.  J.  Ellis."  It  con- 
tains eightj  stanzas  in  praise  of  the  well-known 


316 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  42.,  Oct.  18,  '56. 


tavern,  the  "  Cock"  in  Threadneedle  Street.    The 
opening  lines  are  : 

"  When  to  Ellis  I  write  I  in  verse  must  indite, 
Come  Phoebus,  and  give  me  a  knock : 
For  on  Fryday  at  eight,  all  behind  the  '  Change  Gate,' 
Master  Ellis  will  be  at  the  '  Cock.' " 

After  comparing  it  to  other  houses,  the  "Pope's 
Head,"  the  "  King's  Arms,"  the  "  Black  Swan," 
and  the  "Fountain,"  and  declaring  the  "Cock" 
the  best,  it  ends : 

"  'Tis  time  to  be  gone,  for  the  'Change  has  struck  one : 
O  'tis  an  impertinent  Clock  1 
For  with  Ellis  I'd  stay  from  December  to  May : 
I'll  stick  to  my  Friend,  and  the  '  Cock.' 

«  M.  M." 
Who  was  Ellis  ?  W.  C. 

[John  Ellis  was  an  eccentric  character,  and  a  miscel- 
laneous writer  of  some  reputation  in  the  last  century.  He 
died  on  Dec.  31,  1791.  An  account  of  him  was  written 
by  Mr.  Isaac  Reed,  for  the  European  Magazine,  1792, 
and  copied  into  Chalmers's  Biographical  Dictionary. '\ 

The  Great  Comet  of  1680  (2"'^  S.  ii.  269.)  — 
This  comet  appeared  first,  of  all  observers  of 
modern  times,  to  Godfrey  Kirch,  at  Coburg,  in 
Saxony,  on  November  14,  1680,  in  the  constella- 
tion Leo.  It  was  also  observed  in  different  parts 
of  Europe  and  America  in  the  same  month.  The 
perihelion  passage  occurred  on  December  18. 
After  being  obscured  by  the  sun's  rays,  it  re-ap- 
peared, and  was  visible  for  months  after  Newton 
saw  it  on  March  19, 1681.  Time  of  re-appearance 
is  uncertain  in  the  extreme.  Encke  gives  a  period 
of  8800  years.  Newton  and  Flamsteed's  observa- 
tions give  3164  years.  Mr.  Hind*,  however,  re- 
marks that  the  observations  collected  by  Encke 
are  reconcileable  with  an  elliptical  orbit  of  805 
years,  or  by  a  hyperbolic  orbit.  It  has  been 
proved  that  this  comet  is  not  identical  with  those  of 
1106,  5.31,  and  b.c.  43.  C.  Mansfield  Inglebt. 
Birmingham. 

Whistle  Tankards  (2"'»  S.  ii.  247.)  —  The  mayor 
of  Hull's  tankard  illustrates  an  ancient  custom 
now  well  nigh  forgotten,  but  which  I  believe  was 
common  in  this  country ;  for  I  have  seen  amongst 
the  peasantry  of  Dorset  earthenware  cups  or 
bowls  that  had  descended  to  them  from  their  an- 
cestors, of  a  similar  character  to  the  vessels  above- 
mentioned  of  more  costly  material,  I  possess  two 
such  cups ;  and  two  or  three  others  are  preserved 
in  private  collections,  within  my  knowledge,  as 
curious  relics.  They  are  said  to  have  been  used 
at  christenings,  and  on  other  festive  meetings,  for 
toast  and  ale.  Tiiese  cups  are  capable  of  holding 
five  or  six  pints,  and  those  which  I  have  seen  are 
of  the  same  shape,  which  is  not  inelegant ;  having 
a  cover,  raised  on  a  short  stem,  and  quaintly  or- 
namented with  designs  of  flowers  or  true-lovers'- 

♦  The  Comets,  by  J.  Russell  Hind,  1852. 


knots  :  also  round,  under  the  rim,  a  poetical  dis- 
tich conveying  some  such  social  and  convivial 
sentiment  as  the  following,  in  characters  as  rude 
as  the  orthography : 

"  Mery  met  and  mery  part, 
I  drink  to  thee  with  all  my  hart," 

and  generally  having  a  date,  some  year  in  the  early 
part  of  the  eighteenth  century.  They  have  four 
handles  each  ;  and  on  one  side,  the  characteristic 
whistle  projecting  a  little  above  the  rim.  On  in- 
quiring into  the  meaning  of  this  peculiar  appen- 
dage, I  have  been  told,  "  Why  to  whistle  for  more 
drink  when  the  cup  was  empty." 

Does  not  the  sailor  "whistle  for  the  wind" 
when  he  wants  his  sails  filled  ?  W.  S. 

Hastings. 

Knowledge  of  European  History  among  Bar- 
barous Nations  (2""^  S,  ii.  146.)  —  In  Ferrier's 
Caravan  Journei/$,  p.  183.  (Murray,  1856),  the 
author,  a  French  officer,  says  : 

"  The  great  deeds  of  Napoleon  have  penetrated  even 
into  central  Asia,  though,  it  is  true,  somewhat  exagger- 
ated. The  Afghans  look  upon  him  as  a  kind  of  demigod : 
but  as  they  confound  one  European  country  with  another, 
and  speak  of  their  inhabitants  under  one  name,  that  is, 
Feringhees,  the  confusion  is  great.  For  instance,  they 
think  Napoleon  reigned  over  the  English,  who  are  almost 
the  only  Europeans  with  whom  they  have  had  any  inter- 
course, and  I  had  great  difficulty  in  making  the  Afghan 
chiefs  comprehend  the  truth  on  this  point." 

F. 

Emma  Hamilton  and  Dr.  Graham  (2"''  S.  ii.278.) 
—  Emma  Harte  accompanied  Sir  William  Hamil- 
ton to  Naples  in  1789.  Two  years  afterwards  they 
visited  England,  and  were  married  at  St.  George's, 
Hanover  Square.  The  lady  could  not  have  been 
the  assistant  of  Dr.  Graham  subsequent  to  the 
first  of  the  above  dates.  Graham  commenced  his 
exhibition  in  London  in  1782.  Emma  Harte  was 
then  eighteen  years  of  age.  Before  hard  poverty 
compelled  her  to  join  the  quack,  she  had  been 
nursery-maid  in  Dr.  Budd's  family,  lady's  maid, 
and  mistress  successively  to  Captain  Willet  Payne 
and  Sir  Harry  Featherstonehaugh.  The  ruin 
which  followed  this  last  connection  drove  her  to 
Graham ;  but  it  could  only  have  been  for  a  very 
short  period,  as  between  that  period  and  her  ac- 
quaintance with  Sir  William,  she  sat  as  "  model " 
to  Romney  and  other  painters,  and  was  sufficiently 
long  under  the  "  protection "  of  Mr.  Charles 
Greville,  nephew  isf  Sir  William,  to  become  the 
mother  of  three  children.  Graham  did  not  com- 
mence his  earth-bath  until  after  he  had  exhausted 
his  two-guinea,  guinea,  crown,  half-crown,  and 
ultimately,  shilling  visitors  to  his  music,  miracu- 
lous bed,  and  the  sanitary  lectures  which  he  illus- 
trated by  the  dazzling  presence  of  his  "  Goddess 
of  Health,"  a  character  which  Emma  sustained  for 
a  short  period,  and  in  which  she  addressed  the 
audience.    It  must  have  been   another  goddess 


2nd  s.  N»  42.,  Oct.  18.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


317 


wlio  took  the  earth-baths  •with  the  clever  charla- 
tan. Whatever  the  errors  of  Emma  Hamilton 
may  have  been,  let  us  not  forget  that  without  her 
aid,  as  Nelson  said,  the  Nile  would  never  have 
been  fought ;  and  that  in  spite  of  her  sacrifice  and 
services,  England  left  her  to  starve,  because  the 
government  was  too  virtuous  to  acknowledge  the 
benefits  rendered  to  her  country  by  a  lady  with 
too  loose  a  zone.  Such  pious  delicacy  had  never 
been  displayed  since  the  days  of  Phryne,  who 
offered,  at  her  sole  cost,  to  rebuild  the  walls  of 
Thebes,  destroyed  by  Alexander,  if  she  might  be 
permitted  to  inscribe  on  them,  "  Alexander  dindt, 
sed  meretrix  Phryne  re  fecit."  The  authorities  were 
scandalised  at  the  idea  of  owing  safety  to  the  mis- 
tress of  Praxiteles,  and  refused  the  offer.  We 
accepted  the  services  of  our  Phryne,  and  then  left 
her  to  die  of  hunger.  J.  Doban. 

The  Old  Hundredth,  hy  whom  composed  (2"''  S. 
i.  494. ;  ii.  34.)  —  H.  J.  G.  in  his  note  on  this 
subject,  after  remarking  that  the  mistake  of  as- 
cribing the  Old  Hundredth  to  lAither  has  arisen 
from  the  circumstance  tliat  one  of  Luther's  tunes 
commences  with  the  same  phrase,  says,  "whoever 
might  have  composed  the  Old  Hundredth,  it  is 
manifest  he  made  it  from  this  tune  of  Lidher's : " 
and  your  correspondent  seems  to  think  that  a 
comparison  of  the  two  tunes  will  prove  the  ac- 
curacy of  his  conjecture.  This  is  rather  hard 
measure  to  the  composer  of  the  Old  Hundredth, 
whoever  he  might  have  been  ;  nothing  less  than  a 
charge  of  wholesale  piracy.  I  have  examined 
Luther's  tune  in  Bach's  Choralgesange,  the  book 
referred  to,  and  with  the  exception  of  the  first 
passage,  which  is  note  for  note  the  same  in  both 
tunes,  I  cannot  discover  any  resemblance  between 
them.  I  therefore  regard  H.  J.  G.'s  opinion  as  an 
"  ad  quod  vult "  conclusion,  arising  out  of  the 
exceeding  dislike  he  afterwards  confesses  he  has 
for  the  Old  Hundredth,  which  I  still  venture  to 
consider  a  fine  composition. 

There  are  other  tunes  which  have  the  same 
opening  passage ;  see  the  old  editions. of  Sternhold 
and  Hopkins,  with  notes,  Psalms  iii.  and  Ixviii., 
and  in  the  latter  the  identity  extends  to  the  second 
passage  also.  Horsley  has  arranged  this  tune 
(Ps.  Ixviii.)  for  modern  use ;  see  his  Psalms, 
No.  81.  p.  74.  J.  W.  Phillips. 

Haverfordwest. 

The  Right  Man  in  the  Right  Place  (2°^  S.  i. 
294.  310.  401.)  —  Your  correspondent  Bolton 
CoRNEY  aptly  remarks  that  this  proverb  embodies 
no  novel  idea.  True,  yet  the  form  of  expression, 
redundant  thougli  it  be,  has  in  this  saying  both 
imparted  novelty  and  secured  currency.  It  cer- 
tainly contains  some  of  the  essential  marks  of  the 
proverb.  Albeit,  it  errs  in  excess.  But  that  very 
excess  imparts  an  intensity  which  I  conceive  to 


be  the  very  salt  of  the  matter.  Hence  the  ready 
adoption  and  recognition  of  this  adage.  Strip 
from  such  world-wide  sayings  that  popular  mint- 
mark  which  secures  them  acceptance  and  circula- 
tion and  they  are  nought,  and  may  be  droppecl 
unheeded  by  the  way-side.  The  form  is  truly 
wanting  in  the  passages  given  by  Bolton  Cornet 
and  W.  D.  The  following  extract,  I  am  inclined 
to  think,  is  nearer  the  mark : 

"  You  will  generally  see  in  human  life  the  round  man 
and  the  angular  man  planted  in  the  wrong  hole ;  but  the 
Bishop  of being  a  round  man  has  fallen  into  a  tri- 
angular hole,  and  is  far  better  off  than  many  triangular 
men  who  have  fallen  into  round  holes."  —  Memoirs  of  the 
Rev.  Sydney  Smith,  bj'  Lady  Holland,  ed.  4.  p.  308. 

The  contemporary  congener,  "  red-tapeisra,"  has 
probably  been  gathered  from  the  same  source. 
Sydney  says,  speaking  of  Sir  J.  Mackintosh  : 

"  What  a  man  that  would  be  had  he  a  particle  of  gall 
or  the  least  knowledge  of  the  value  of  red  tape .'  As 
Curran  said  of  Grattan,  'he  would  have  governed  the 
•worm,'"  — Ibid.,  p.  245. 

F.  S. 

Churchdown. 

CobhetCs  Tomb  (P' S.  xi.  p.  298.)  —  Extreme 
accuracy  is  indispensable  to  "  N.  &  Q."  A  peri- 
odical destined  to  furnish  data  to  future  anti- 
quaries should  be  scrupulously  correct  on  all 
points,  however  insignificant.  Feeling  this,  may 
I  be  allowed  to  state,  that  the  "  plain  stone," 
which  originally  covered  the  remains  of  William 
Cobbett,  has  been  replaced  by  a  handsome  tomb, 
erected  by  his  son,  J.  Virtue  Wysen. 

Hackney. 

Encaustic  Tiles,  how  to  copy  (2"'^  S.  ii.  270.)  — 
Wash  the  whole  design  over  with  an  even  tint  of 
gallstone,  and  use  the  Indian  red  opaquely  over  it, 
for  the  pattern.  Gallstone  does  not  "  wash  up  " 
in  working  like  gamboge,  and  is  nearer  the  tint 
of  old  tiles.  H.  Owen. 

If  Wilfred  will  reverse  his  process,  and  first 
colour  the  whole  tile  yellow,  and  when  that  is 
quite  dry  fill  in  the  red  parts,  he -will  find  the 
latter  colour  will  not  run  at  all.  I  find  Venetian 
red  and  Indian  yellow  the  best  colours  to  use. 

NoRKis  Deck. 

Cambridge. 

Acatry  (2"'*  S.  ii.  270.)  —  I  well  remember 
many  years  ago  seeing  some  Irish  leases,  in  which 
there  was  reserved  to  the  lessor  so  much  rent,  and 
it  might  be,  so  many  fowls,  eggs,  or  other  agri- 
cultural produce,  by  way  of  accates.  Might  not 
the  acatry  be  the  place  in  which  these  accates  were 
stowed,  or  an  account  of  them  kept.  In  former 
times,  money  being  scarce,  landlords  were  obliged 
to  receive  much  rent  in  kind,  and  as  they  resided 
on  their  estates,  it  was  not  a  matter  of  inconve- 
nience to  them  to  do  so ;  and  even  kings  might 


318 


.NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«"»  S.  No-42.,  Oct.  18.  '66. 


receive  such  rents,  and  have  an  officer  as  a  check 
upon  them.  Old  Bailey,  in  hid  Dictionary,  gives 
the  same  definition  of  acateri/  as  the  Technological. 

Perhaps  some  of  your  Irish  readers  can  supply 
i^odern  instances  of  accates  being  reserved  in 
leases,  although  such  things  must  now  soon  be  ob- 
solete. W.  C. 

Richmond. 

Proportion  of  Males  and  Females  (2"^  S.  li. 
268.)  —  It  appears  that  the  Mormons  use  sta- 
tistics with  but  little  success.  Their  harems  need 
to  be  supported  by  stronger  props.  Hear  on  the 
point  in  question  a  high  scientific  authority  : 

"  N'otvvithstanding  that  in  any  ordinary  population 
there  is  a  decided  preponderance  in  the  number  of  fe- 
males, the  number  of  male  births  is  considerably  greater 
than  that  of  females.  Taking  the  average  of  the  whole  of 
Europe,  the  proportion  is  about  106  males  to  100  females." 
—  Carpenter's  Human  Physiology,  §  1017,  p.  1054.,  ed.  4. 
1853. 

The  tables  employed  by  Dr.  Carpenter  are  those 
of  M,  Hofacker  in  Germany,  Aanales  (T Hygiene, 
Oct.  1829  ;  and  of  Mr.  Sadler  in  Britain,  Law  of 
Population,  vol.  ii.  p.  343. 

Of  course  the  number  of  males  becomes  con- 
siderably lessened  from  the  deleterious  influences, 
and  abuses,  and  greater  risks  to  which  men  are 
subject ;  from  the  peril  of  the  seas,  warfare, 
working  in  mines  and  manufactories,  with  similar 
employments  that  tend  to  curtail  life. 

Be  it,  however,  that  the  proportion  of  the  sexes 
is  thus  somewhat  unequalised,  still  the  disparity 
cannot  favour  Mormon  license ;  much  less  will  It 
justify  the  following  scale  of  indulgence. 

A  most  trustworthy  witness,  Lieut.  Gunnison, 
informs  us  that  when  he  was  In  Utah,  the  three 
members  of  the  Presidency  had  no  less  than 
eighty-two  wives  between  them,  and  that  one  of 
the  three  "  was  called  an  old  bachelor,  because  he 
had  only  a  baker's  dozen."  (^Hist.  of  the  Mormons, 
by  Lieut.  Gunnison,  p.  120.  Philadelphia,  1852.) 

F.S. 

Churchdown. 

In  answer  to  A.  A.  D.'s  Query,  I  send  you  the 
following  extracts  from  the  Sixteenth  Annual  Re- 
port of  the  Registrar  General  : 

"  313,756  boys  and  298,635  girls  were  born  [in  Eng- 
land] in  the  year  ri853]  ;  the  proportion  of  the  numbers 
was  1-051  to  I'OOO^  or  nearly  105  to  100  =  21  boys  to  20 
girls." 

The  proportion  varies,  however  : 

"  In  all  England  the  proportion  of  bovs  has  increased 
since  1850,  from  104-2  to  105-1." 

I  have  before  me  the  returns  of  the  number  of 
births  in  England,  from  1838  to  1853.  Although 
the  proportion  fluctuates,  the  boys  are  always  in 
excess  over  the  girls.  So  Apostle  Pratt  is  wrong 
as  regards  one  country  of  Europe. 

LiMUS  LUTUM. 


Parish  Registers  (2"^  S.  il.  66.  151.)  — The  ex- 
treme importance  of  this  subject,  I  trust  will  ex- 
cuse me  for  making  some  suggestions  and  queries 
about  it. 

In  the  first  place,  it  Is  well  known  that  registers 
of  baptisms,  burials,  and  marriages  were  ordered 
to  be  kept  by  Cromwell,  the  Vicar-general  in 
1536.  At  what  date  were  copies  ordered  to  be 
transmitted  to  bishops'  or  archdeacons'  registry  ? 

I  find,  in  several  register  books  In  the  diocese 
of  Norwich,  entries  like  the  following : 

"  Copy  exhibited  at  Archdeacon'' s  Visitation  up  to  this 
date." 
"  Copy  exhibited  at  Bishop's  Visitation  up  to  this  date." 

At  the  present  time  the  custom  is  to  send  them 
to  the  bishop's  registrar  In  January  or  February. 
I  think  this  is  ordered  by  the  act  of  1813. 

Did  the  archdeacon's  registrar,  In  former  days, 
hand  them  over  to  the  bishop's  registrar  ?  or  are 
they  now  kept  distinct  ? 

In  the  Norwich  diocese,  the  bishop  holds  a  visi- 
tation only  once  In  seven  years  ;  In  other  dioceses 
rarely  more  than  triennlally. 

In  one  of  the  population  returns,  I  think  for 
the  census  of  1831,  are  returns  of  what  register- 
books  were  then  In  existence  in  each  parish.  I 
have  reason  to  think  this  somewhat  incorrect. 

At  present,  most  archdeacons,  in  their  an- 
nual visitation  queries  to  the  churchwardens,  ask 
If  a  faithful  register  is  kept  of  baptisms,  burials, 
and  mai-riages,  and  whether  an  Iron  chest  Is  pro- 
vided for  their  safe  custody.  I  would  humbly 
suggest,  that  every  archdeacon,  when  he  makes 
his  personal  inspection  of  each  church,  or  the 
rural  deans,  in  those  dioceses  which  have  them, 
should  furnish  themselves  with  the  census  return 
which  contains  the  list  of  register-books  (which  I 
before  stated  I  believe  to  be  that  of  1831),  and 
satisfy  themselves  by  personal  examination  that 
they  are  properly  preserved.  I  think  this  would 
be  a  sufficient  guarantee  for  their  safe  custody. 
But  I  think,  too,  that  copies  should  be  taken,  to 
avoid  the  risk  of  the  originals  perishing  by  fire  or 
otherwise.  E.  G.  R. 

It  appears  to  me,  that  by  far  the  simplest  plan 
for  having  these  valuable  documents  preserved, 
would  be  to  have  the  whole  of  them  at  once  made 
over  to  the  Registrar- General ;  when  those  found 
wanting  (and  I  fear  they  would  be  very  nume- 
rous) could,  in  great  measure,  be  supplied  by  the 
copies  supposed  to  be  preserved  In  the  various 
Diocesan  registries.  When,  in  care  of  the  Regis- 
trar-general, further  decay  or  destruction  would 
be  prevented,  and  In  such  an  excellently  ma- 
naged department,  arrangements  would  doubtless 
soon  be  made  to  have  the  older  and  more  illegible 
books  carefully  copied,  and  the  whole  placed  in 
such  a  manner  that  reference  could  be  made  with 
ease  and  certainty. 


2nd  s.  NO  42.,  Oct.  18.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


319 


The  statement  that  appeared  in  the  daily  papers 
a  few  days  since,  of  the  robbery  of  the  register 
books  from  a  church  at  the  West  end,  will  further 
tend  to  prove  that,  under  the  present  arrange- 
ment, these  important  documents,  even  when  best 
taken  care  of,  have  not  that  security  they  deserve. 

My  proposal  would  but  very  slightly  interfere 
with  existing  interests,  and  the  expense  would  be 
very  trifling.  New  books  must  of  course  be  sup- 
plied to  every  church,  before  the  old  ones  are 
taken  away. 

If  no  one  can  propose  a  better  plan  than  mine, 
I  trust  we  shall  see  the  matter  brought  before 
Parliament  ere  very  long :  and  that  we  may  have 
to  thank  the  open  pages  of  "N.  &  Q,"  for  having 
an  Act  passed  of  such  national  importance. 

W.  (Bombay). 

London. 

Continuation  of  "  Candide"  (2"'^  S.  ii.  229.)  — 
The  following  extract  from  the  Preface  to  the 
edition  of  Voltaire's  Works,  published  at  Paris 
1829,  by  Lefevre,  and  edited  by  M.  Beuchot,  will 
perhaps  supply  your  correspondent  with  the  in- 
formation he  requires :  — 

"  C'est  a  Thorel  de  Campigneulles,  mort  en  1809,  qu'on 
attribue  une  Seconde  partie  de  Candide,  publiee  en  1761, 
et  plusieurs  fois  reimprimee  h,  la  suite  de  I'ouvrage  de 
Voltaire,  comme  ^tant  de  lui.  On  I'a  meme  admisc  dans 
une  (Edition  intituMe,  'Collection  complete  des  Q'^uvres 
4^  M.  de  Voltaire,  1764,  in  12.'  L'e'dition  de  Candide, 
1778,  avec  des  figures  dessinees  et  gravees  par  Daniel 
Chodowicky,  contient  les  deux  parties." 

J.  MiDDIiEMORE. 

Griffin's  Hill,  Northfield. 

St.  Peter,  with  a  dosed  Book  (2"^  S.  ii.  268.)  — 
A  book  is  not  considered  a  distinguishing  emblem 
in  the  hand  of  a  saint,  except  in  a  few  instances 
where  it  is  manifestly  significant.  It  is  usually 
given  to  apostles  and  bishops,  as  to  preachers  of 
the  word;  also  to  abbesses  and  nuns  as  devoted 
to  holy  meditation  on  sacred  truths.  I  am  aware 
of  only  one  instance  where  St.  Peter  carries  a 
book,  which  is  on  the  rood-screen  in  the  church 
at  Trunch,  in  Norfolk.  In  this  case  he  holds 
iin  open  book  with  these  words  written  upon  it  : 
Credo  in  Deum  Patrem  Omnipotentem.  St.  Paul, 
on  the  same  screen,  bears,  as  usual,  a  sword  and 
book  clasped.  F.  C.  H. 

Royal  Privileges  at  Universities  (2""^  S.  ii.  270.) 
—  If  persons,  who  can  prove  a  descent  from  our 
kings  in  the  female  line,  can  claim  either  a  univer- 
sity degree,  or  any  other  privilege,  then  the  so 
privileged  class  is  an  enormously  numerous  one. 
Any  reader  of  Burke's  Royal  Families  can  testify 
to  this.  No  old  family  of  gentle  blood,  able  to 
run  up  fifteen  or  twenty  generations,  can  well 
escape  some  sort  of  legitimate  descent  from  our 
Norman  and  Plantagenet  kings.  Many  families 
can  trace  half  a  dozen  such.     I  do  not  refer  to 


the  comparatively  newly  rich  or  lately  ennobled, 
but  to  the  old  landed  gentry  —  the  "knightly 
families,"  as  heralds  call  them.  A  facetious 
Lancashire  friend  once  talked  of  offering  a  reward 
for  the  discovery  of  any  Radcliffe  who  really  pro- 
fessed NOT  to  be  "  descended  from  the  Derwent- 
water  family."  To  find  a  gentleman  of  family  who 
could  not  trace,  through  the  many  mothers  in  his 
pedigree,  some  sort  of  a  descent  from  royalty, 
would  be  even  more  difficult  still.  P.  P. 

Heraldry  of  the  Channel  Islands  (2"''  S.  ii.  270.) 
—  The  arms  of  many  of  the  families  in  these 
islands  are  not  to  be  found  in  the  Heralds'  Col- 
lege of  England,  and  the  reason  is  very  obvious. 
These  islands  are  all  that  remain  to  the  Crown  of 
England  of  the  ancient  Dutchy  of  Normandy, 
but  they  form  no  part  of  the  realm  of  England. 
The  English  College  of  Heralds  has  therefore  no 
more  jurisdiction  in  the  islands  than  it  has  in 
Scotland  or  Ireland.  Some  families,  however, 
especially  such  as  have  settled  in  England,  and 
acquired  property  there,  have  registered  their 
arms  in  the  English  Heralds'  Office. 

The  early  date  (the  reign  of  King  John)  at 
which  these  islands  were  severed  from  Normandy 
by  the  loss  of  that  province  to  the  kings  of  Eng- 
land, affords  a  sufficient  reason  why  the  arms  of 
families  in  the  Channel  Islands  should  not  be 
found  in  collections  of  Norman  arms.  Neverthe- 
less, the  arms  of  De  Carteret  of  Jersey  are  identical 
with  those  of  a  Norman  knight  of  that  name  who 
fought  in  the  first  crusade;  and  the  arms  of  a  fa- 
mily of  the  name  of  De  Saumaresq,  now  extinct, 
but  formerly  residing  near  the  town  of  Valognes 
in  Normandy,  bear  too  close  a  resemblance  to  the 
arms  of  the  Guernsey  family  of  De  Sausmarez  to 
leave  a  doubt  as  to  the  common  origin  of  the  two 
families. 

At  present  almost  the  only  authority  for  the 
arms  borne  by  Channel  Islands  families  are  tra- 
dition and  a  few  impressions  of  seals  appended  to 
ancient  documents.  Epgar  MacCuli.och. 

Guernsey. 

Winchester  Epitaphs  (2'"i  S.  ii.  195.  280.)  —  In 
reply  to  the  Query  of  Patonce,  I  beg  to  say, 
that  the  only  memorial  in  brass  now  existing  in 
Winchester  Cathedral  is  the  one  of  Lieut.-colonel 
Boles.  The  Cathedral  Registers  are  under  the 
charge  of  the  Rev.  W.  N.  Hooper,  the  Precentor, 
who  would,  no  doubt,  answer  any  inquiry  ad- 
dressed to  him.  I  am  not  able  to  say  whether  the 
registers  go  back  so  far  as  1578.    W^.  H.  Gunner. 

Alpaca  (2"*^  S.  ii.  167.)  —  Haughmond  will  find 
a  very  interesting  account  of  the  introduction  and 
manufacture  of  alpaca  wool  in  Dickens'  Household 
Words,  vol.  vi.  p.  250.  K.  H. 

Kensington. 


320 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  g.  No  42.,  Oct.  18.  '56. 


Fig-pie  Wake  (2"''  S.  i.  227.  322.)  —  Fig-pies, 
or  as  they  are  there  called,  "  fag-pies,"  are,  or  at 
least  were  very  recently,  eaten  in  Lancashire  on 
a  Sunday  in  Lent,  thence  known  as  "  Fag-pie 
Sunday."  I  have  tasted  them  in  my  childhood ; 
but  60  far  as  I  recollect,  they  were  anything  but 
nice  eating,  being  of  a  sickly  taste.  The  compo- 
sition was,  so  far  as  I  recollect,  sugar,  treacle,  and 
dried  figs.  Hbnkt  T.  Kilet. 


NOTES    ON   BOOKS,   ETC. 

When  noticing  the  first  Part  of  Mr.  Mayor's  Cambridge 
in  the  Ylth  Century,  which,  as  our  readers  may  remember, 
contained  the  two  lives  of  Nicholas  Ferrar  writtea  by  his 
brother  John,  and  Dr.  John  Jebb,  we  paid  a  just  compli- 
ment to  the  editor  for  the  public  spirit  with  wliich,  avail- 
ing himself  of  his  leisure  for  reseai'ch  and  means  of  access 
to  rare  and  manuscript  sources  of  information,  he  applied 
those  advantages  to  illustrate  the  historj'  of  his  own 
University.  We  spoke,  too,  of  the  sound  scholarship  and 
high  feeling  which  distinguished  his  editorial  labours. 
Those  remarks  might  well  be  repeated  with  respect  to 
the  Second  Part  of  the  work  in  question,  which  is  now 
before  us ;  and  contains  the  Antohiography  of  Mattheio 
Robinson,  sometime  Fellow  of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge, 
and  Vicar  of  Burneston,  Yorkshire.  Every  page  and  note 
contains  evidence  of  the  honest  painstaking  spirit  in 
which  the  editor  has  undertaken  what  is  clearly  a  labour 
of  love ;  and  if  the  men  of  Cambridge  have  reason  to  be 
proud  of  Matthev/  Robinson,  they  may  point  with  great 
satisfaction  to  the  manner  in  which  his  quaint  and  in- 
teresting Memoir  has  been  edited  by  one  who  is  still 
amongst  them ;  and  whose  dedication  of  this  volume  to  a 
"  Townsman,"  Mr.  C.  H.  Cooper,  who  is  preparing  a  Cam- 
bridge Athena,  shows  that  he  possesses  that  catholic  spirit 
which  distinguishes  every  true  lover  of  learning. 

Nothing  can  show  more  clearly  how  deep  and  widely 
spread  is  the  interest  taken  by  all  who  have  any  preten- 
sions to  a  taste  for  letters  in  the  writings  of  Shal^speare, 
than  the  innumerable  pamphlets  which  are  issued  from 
the  press  illustrative  of  his  life  or  works.  Two  such  are 
now  before  us.  One,  a  very  ingenious  and  well  written 
essay,  entitled  Hamlet :  an  Attempt  to  ascertain  whether  the 
Queen  were  an  Accessory  before  the  Fact  to  tJie  Murder  of 
Iter  First  Husband  ?  In  which,  after  examining  the  various 
points  of  evidence  which  go  to  prove  her  participation 
in  the  murder,  the  author  urges,  with  considerable  skill 
rind  success,  that,  "  if  the  innocence  of  the  Queen  cannot 
be  proved,  the  balance  of  evidence  is  in  heii'  favour."  The 
pamphlet  well  deserves  the  perusal  of  every  student  of 
Hamlet.  The  Second  Pamphlet  is  a  much  more  startling 
one.  It  is  a  Letter  to  the  Earl  of  Ellesmere,  suggesting 
whether  the  Plays  attributed  to  Shakspeare  were  not  in 
reality  written  by  Bacon.  The  author  has  overlooked 
two  points:  one,  the  fact  that  his  theory  had  been  an- 
ticipated by  an  American  writer ;  the  second,  one  which 
certainly  tells  strongly  in  favour  of  his  theory,  and  which 
has  been  on  several  occasions  alluded  to  in  these  columns, 
namely,  the  very  remarkable  circumstance  that  nowhere 
in  the  writings  of  Shakspeare  is  any  allusion  to  Bacon  to 
be  met  with ;  nor  in  the  writings  of  the  great  philoso- 
pher is  there  the  slightest  reference  to  his  wonderful  and 
most  philosophic  contemporary. 

It  is  not  the  smallest  merit  of  the  Annotated  Edition  of 
the  British  Poets,  that  its  editor  has  ventured  to  throw 
new  blood  into  the  corpus  by  introducing  into  his  series 


the  writings  of  men  whose  poetry  had  not  received  such 
honour  at  the  hands  of  Bell,  Johnson,  &c.  The  last  vo- 
lume issued  belongs,  like  those  containing  the  Foems  of 
Oldham  and  Ben  Jonson,  to  this  division  of  the  work.  It 
is  devoted  to  Early  Ballads,  Illustrative  of  History,  Tra- 
ditions, and  Customs;  and  Avhether  we  "look  at  the  old 
songs  themselves,  or  the  literary  introductions  to  them  by 
Mr.  Bell,  it  would  be  bard  to  find  a  volume  richer  iia 
popular  poetry  or  general  interest. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PURCHASE. 

IzAAK  Walton's  LiFB.    ByDr.Zouch.   12mo.    Published  by  S.  Prowett. 

Strand.    1823. 
Bowles's  Life  of  Ken.    Vol.  I.    8vo.     1830. 

»**  Letters,  statin?  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carriage,  fre.e,  to  be 
sent  to  Messrs.  Bei.l  &  Daluy,  Publishers  of  "  iJOTES  AND 
QUERIES,"  186.  Fleet  Street. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &o.  of  the  foUowin?  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose : 

Rkliquks  of  Ancibnt  Enolish  PoETiiy.    Second  Edition.    1?67.  Vols. 
I.  &  11. 

"Wanted  by  ThreXkeld,  9.  Downing  Terrace,  Cambridge. 


Daniel's  Vovaob  roond  Great  Britain.    1818.    Folio.    Vol.  I. 

Asiatic  Joitrnal  for  the  tear  1838. 

Turner's  E.noland  uNDErt  Henry  VIII.    8vo.    1828.     Vol.  I. 

Kitchener  on  Marriage. 

Charles  Cotton's  Horace  Travesti. 

Elements  op  Morality.    3  Vols. 

Smith's  Hjstory  of  Nevis,  West  Indies.    1745, 

Wanted  by  TIios.  MiUard,  ?0.  Newjate  Street. 


Thomas's  Life  of  Napolhon.    Vol.  I. 
Introduction  to  SrnERjcs  and  Astronomy. 
Murray's  Cyclopaedia  op  Geography. 
Narcissinearom  Mo.n'oohaphia.    By  Haworth. 
Strickland's  Queens  of  England.    Vol.  XII. 
Pratt's  Gleanings  through  Wales. 

Wanted  by  James  Verrell,  Bookseller,  Bromley,  Kent. 


Thoms'  Early  Prose  Romances.    Parts  I,  to  4. 
Retrospective  Review.    Vol.  XIV. 

V/anted  by  C.  Francis,  21.  Hardinge  Street,  Islington. 

The  Pictorial  History  op   England,  complete  to  commencement  of 
reign  of  Geo.  III.    4  Vols.    8vo. 

V.''anted  by  Jno.  Thompson,  Gilliugham,  Dorset. 


3.  a.  S..  who  asks  for  the  origin  of  the  phrase  "  to  give  one  the  sac7c," 
is  referred  to  our  Ist  8.  v.  585. ;  vi.   19.  88. 

H.  T.  R.  will  find  his  suggestion  as  to  the  origin  of  the  phrase  "  richly 
deserved  "  considered  in  our  1st  S.  v.  3.,  where  Mr.  Jardine  shows  that 
it  is  probably  derived  from  "  right  iviselg  deserved." 

The  Gkeat  Antidote  against  scarlet  fever  alluded  to  {n  Charms  and 

Couiiterchnrms  is  Belladonna,  so  successfully  introduced  by  Hahnemann 
and  hisf  Mowers. 


"  Notes  a.nd  Queries  "  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  so  that  the 
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deliver  them  to  their  Subscribers  on  the  Saturday. 

Index  to  the  First  Series.  As  this  is  now  published,  and  the  im- 
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2nd  s.  No  43.,  Oct.  25.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


321 


LONIWN,  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  25,  1856. 

STRAY    NOTES   ON   EDMUND    CUBLL,    HIS   LIFE,    AND 
PUBLICATIONS. 

No.  2.  —  CurlVs  First  Publication* 

Scarcely  had  our  introductory  paper  on  Ed- 
mund Curll  been  committed  to  the  press,  in  which 
we  confessed  our  ignorance  of  the  place  of  his 
birth,  his  parentage,  and  education,  when  our  at- 
tention was  directed  to  the  following  account  of 
him,  which  is  to  be  found  in  the  Neto  and  General 
Biographical  Dictionary  (1795),  vol.  iv.  p.  447. : 

"  Edmund  Curll,  a  bookseller  rendered  notorious  by 
Mr.  Pope  in  his  Dunciad.  He  was  born  in  the  west  of 
England,  and  after  passing  through  several  mgnial  capa- 
cities arrived  at  the  degree  of  a  bookseller's  man.  He 
afterwards  kept  a  stall,  and  then  took  a  shop  in  the 
purlieus  of  Covent  Garden.  His  transactions  in  the  way 
of  his  trade  are  well  known  to  the  publick  by  the  notes 
subjoined  to  that  poem ;  to  which  it  may  be  added,  that 
lie  was  generally  held  to  be  of  an  immoral  character;  and 
was  highly  injurious  to  the  literary  world,  by  filling  his 
translations  with  wretched  notes,  forged  letters,  and  bad 
pictures,  by  which  practice  he  greatly  advanced  the  price 
of  books.  Thomas  Burnet's  Archceologia  is  a  proof  of 
this.f  He  lost  his  ears  for  publishing  the  Nun  in  her 
Smock,  and  another  paltry  performance.  He  died  in 
1748  [1747]." 

From  this  account  we  learn  that  he  was  born  in 
the  west  of  England,  and  that  before  he  arrived  at 
the  dignity  of  a  shopkeeper,  "  he  kept  a  stall," 
probably  in  the  purlieus  of  Covent  Garden.  But 
it  will  be  seen  from  a  controversy  in  which  Curll 
was  engaged  as  early  as  the  year  1710  —  for  he 
seems  to  have  got  into  controversy  almost  as  soon 
as  he  got  into  business — that  he  had  been  appren- 
ticed to  one  "  Mr.  Smith,  by  Exeter  Change."  | 

This  we  gather  from  a  curious  work  entitled 
London's  Medicinal  Informer,   1710,  from  which 

*  If  any  reader  of  these  Notes  has  the  good  fortune  to 
possess  a  copy  of  the  very  worthless  tract  published  by 
Curll  under  the  .title  of  The  Curliad,  a  Hypercritic  upon 
The  Dunciad  Variorum,  a  thin  octavo  published  in  1729, 
the  writer  would  feel  greatly  obliged  by  the  loan  of  it. 
If  sent  to  The  Editor  of  "N.  &  Q."  every  care  shall  be 
taken  of  it,  and  it  shall  be  safely  returned.  S.  N.  M. 

t  ArchcBoloc/ice  Philosophicce ;  or  the  Ancient  Doctrine 
concerning  the  Originals  of  Things.  Faithfull}^  translated 
into  English,  with  Remarks  thereon,  by  Mr.  Foxton. 
Printed  for  E.  Curll  in  the  Strand,  1729.  To  this  work  is 
prefixed  "Ad  Populum,"  an  angry  Preface,  evidently  by 
Curll,  reflecting  on  Francis  Wilkinson,  Esq.,  Burnet's 
executor,  for  having  obtained  an  Injunction  in  Chancery 
to  suppress  a  translation  of  this  work.  By-the-bye,  who 
and  what  was  "  Mr.  Foxton?  " 

X  Was  this  Smith  a  bookseller?  We  know  from  Curll's 
own  statement  that  Francklin,  who  succeeded  William 
Jiufus  Chetwood  — 

"  Chetwood  who  leaned  against  hia  letter'd  post  "— 
as  a  bookseller  in  Russell  Street,  Covent  Garden,  had 
served  his  apprenticeship  to  Curll.     A  good  account  of 
London  booksellers  is  yet  to  be  written. 


we  learn  that  Curll  was  the  publisher  of  a  work 
notorious  for  its  quackery,  entitled  The  Charitable 
Surgeo7i,  and  that  he  combined  with  his  trade  of 
bookseller  that  of  vendor  of  pills  and  powders  for 
the  afflicted  —  a  practice,  we  believe,  not  un- 
common in  those  days.  This  is  shown  by  the  fol- 
lowing advertisement  inserted  in  The  Supplement 
paper  of  April  8,  1709  : 

"  Whereas  by  an  impudent,  as  well  as  an  ignorant  ad- 
vertisement in  last  Tuesday's  Review,  inserted  by  J. 
Spinke,  Mr.  John  Marten,  surgeon,  is  insinuated  to  be  the 
author  of  The  Charitable  Surgeon.  To  do  Mr.  Marten 
that  common  justice  which  is  due  to  every  man,  I  do 
hereby  assure  the  world,  that  he  is  not  the  author  of  the 
aforesaid  book ;  neither  has  he  (to  my  knowledge)  any 
acquaintance  with,  or  ever  saw  the  author,  or  I  ever  saw 
IMr.  Marten,  'till  last  Tuesday,  in  my  life.  And  as  for  a 
scurrilous  pamphlet  published  in  Spinke's  name,  intituled 
Quakery  Unmask'd,  which  he  calls  an  Answer  to  The 
Charitable  Surgeon ;  this  is  once  more  to  let  him  know, 
that  he  must  expect  no  other  reply,  than  what  he  has 
had,  viz.  That  no  notice  will  be  taken  of  such  an  ignorant 
pretender.  Whether  he  can  read  or  write  is  a  query ;  but 
he  has  given  the  world  a  demonstration,  that  he  can't 
cast  account ;  for,  he  says,  the  medicines  sold  at  my  shop, 
come  to  between  3?.  and  41.  a  packet,  which  the  author 
advises  to  be  taken  40  days,  and  will  at  that  rate  cost  the 
patient  about  201. ;  but  I  am  of  the  opinion,  that  physick 
for  40  days  at  10s.  per  dose  amounts  to  1201.  So  much 
for  his  arithmetical  learning.  And  for  his  grammatical, 
though  he  pretends  in  his  book  to  understand  Greek,  I 
have  five  guineas  in  my  pocket,  which  if  John  Spinke  can 
English  so  many  lines  out  of  any  school-book,  from  ^ere- 
tentia  Puerilis  to  Virgil,  he  shall  be  entitl'd  to.  'Tis 
money  easily  earned,  and  will  pay  the  rent  of  his  house 
in  the  dark  passage  for  a  year,  and  buy  him  ingredients  to 
make  pills  and  powder  for  the  Venereal  Disease,  to  last 
for  that  time.  And  for  his  assistance  in  this  great  task, 
all  the  dictionaries  in  my  shop  shall  stand  by  him ;  and 
if  he  does  not  perform  it  some  time  this  week,  he  must 
expect  to  be  enrolled  for  a  scholar. 

"  E.  Curll. 

"  Temple  Bar,  April  7,  1709." 

After  quoting  the  advertisement  the  author  of 
London  s  Medicinal  Informer  thus  proceeds  : 

"  Now  can  any  man  imagine  what  should  provoke 
E.  Curll  to  publish  such  a  ridiculous  advertisement,  sup- 
pose Marten  be  not  (though  I  really  believe  he  is)  the 
author  of  The  Charitable  Surgeon,  unless  it  be  (and  then 
sure  E.  Curll  Avould  not  sell  it  !)  a  scandalous  book. 
What  disadvantage  is  it  to  Marten  to  be  insinuated  to  be 
its  author?  But  he  was  not  insinuated  so  to  be;  he  was 
only  asked,  whether  he  knew  its  author?  '  But  a  guilty 
conscience,'  &c.  However,  E.  Curll  may,  if  he  pleases, 
in  another  advertisement,  promise  five  guineas  more  to 
the  person  or  persons  that  shall  either  prove,  that  Marten 
and  he  well  knew  each  other  before  the  time  he  certifies 
for ;  or  that  the  second  edition  of  that  quack  pamphlet 
was  printed  at  Mr.  Berington's  near  Bloomsbury-square; 
and  that  when  the  sheets  were  sent  from  the  press  to 
E,  Curll  to  get  them  revised  and  corrected  by  the  author, 
he  sent  the  same  messenger  with  them  to  Marten  for  that 
purpose  !  '  Fools  had  never  less  wit  than  now-a-days.' 
Besides,  Marten,  as  jMr.  James  the  printer  tells  me, 
handed  this  advertisement  to  the  press,  and  paid  5s.  for 
the  printing  it ;  but  we've  an  old  saying,  '  A  fool  and  his 
money,'  &c.  However,  on  the  next  day,  being  Saturday, 
April  9th,  I  attended  this  ingenious  E,  Curll,  and  in  his 


32^ 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  No  43.,  Oct.  25.  '56. 


shop  Englished  the  first  five  lines  of  Virgil's  first  Eclogue, 
made  a  demand  of  the  said  five  guineas,  and  advised  that 
E.  Curll's  next  advertisement,  for  the  satisfaction  of  tlie 

gublicic,  might  be  a  certificate  under  the  hand  of  Mr. 
mith,  by  Exeter  Change,  his  master,  signifying,  that  he 
served  him  honestly  during  the  whole  of  the  time  for  which 
he  was  bound  'prentice  to  him  ;  but  he  has  not,  as  yet,  that 
I  know  of,  followed  my  advice." 

If  the  reader  were  to  see  the  accumulated  me- 
moranda from  which  these  Notes  are  compiled,  he 
would,  we  think,  admit  that  the  writer  of  them  had 
good  grounds  for  believing  that  he  had  collected 
sufficient  materials  to  justify  him  in  committing 
such  Notes  to  the  press ;  yet  he  will  certainly 
feel,  as  the  writer  himself  does,  how  fragmentary 
and  unsatisfactory  they  are,  and  how  difficult  it  is 
to  weave  them  into  anything  like  order. 

We  have  just  shown  Curll  in  1710,  publishing 
and  engaged  in  controversy.  Let  us  before  going 
farther  show  that  we  were  right  in  supposing  that 
he  commenced  his  business  as  a  publisher  in  1708. 

This  evidence  is  contained  in  a  pamphlet  en- 
titled An  Apology  for  the  Wi-itings  of  Walter 
3foijle,  Esq.,  in  Answer  to  the  Gi'oundless  Asper- 
sions of  Mr.  Ilearne  of  Edmund  Hall,  Oxon,  and 
Dr.  Woodward  of  Gresham  College,  8vo.,  1727. 
Curll  had  just  brought  out  Anthony  Hammond's 
edition  of  The  Whole  Works  of  Walter  Moyle, 
Esq.,  one  vol.  8vo.,  1727  ;*  and  this  Apology  for 
Mr.  Moyle  is  a  defence  of  that  gentleman  from  an 
attack  made  upon  him  by  Hearne  in  his  Johannes 
Glastoniensis,  1726.  In  this  pamphlet  is  a  letter 
from  Curll  to  Hearne,  whom  he  styles  "  Legen- 
dary Grubber  to  both  Universities  "  —  and  in  the 
course  of  this  letter,  speaking  of  Dodwell,  Curll 
says  (p.  17.)  : 

"  As  to  Mr.  Dodwell,  I  had  above  twenty  j'ears'  inti- 
mate correspondence  with  him,  and  always  believed  him 
to  be  a  learned  and  very  pious  man.  But  at  the  same  time 
all  who  knew  him  will  allow  that  Mr.  Dryden's  character 
of  a  certain  Peer  in  Absalom  and  Achitophel  too  much 
resembled  Mr.  Dodwell ;  for  he  truly  was,  what  the  poet 
asserts : 

•  Stiff  in  opinions,  mostly  in  the  wrong : 
Was  every  thing  by  starts,  and  nothing  long.' 

The  first  book  I  ever  printed  was  the  present  of  a  manu- 
script he  made  me,  in  defence  of  his  now  sufficiently 
exploded  doctrine  of  the  Divine  Immortalizing  Spirit 
transfused  by  Baptism." 

And  in  a  foot-note  he  gives  us  the  following 
description  of  the  work  in  question  : 

"  Ak  Explication  of  a  famous  Passage  in  the  Dialogue 
of  St.  Justin  Martyr  with  Tryphon,  concerning  the  Im- 
mortalit}'  of  Human  Souls,  &c.,  8vo.,  printed  in  the  year 
1708.    Price  2s.  Gd." 

This  was  Curll's  first  publication.  By  what 
books  this  was  succeeded,  it  is  now  impossible  to 

*  In  1726,  The  Works  of  Walter  Moyle,  Esq.,  2  vols. 
8vo.,  were  edited  by  Thomas  Sergeant.  The  volume 
published  by  Curll  is  by  Anthony  Hamn^ond,  Lowndes 
was  not  aware  of  this  fact. 


ascertain  with  any  certainty ;  for  the  records  of 
the  Stationers'  Company,  which  have  been  searched 
for  the  purpose,  only  show  the  following  entries 
made  by  him.* 

Sept.  13,  1710.  Edmund  Curll  then  entered  for  his 
copy,  a  book  entitled,  "  Some  Account  of  the  Family  of 
Sacheverell,  from  its  original  to  this  time." 

Dec.  4,  1710.  Edmund  Curll  then  entered  for  his  copj', 
a  book  entitled  "The  White  Crow;  or  an  Enquiry  into 
some  more  new  doctrines  broached  by  the  Bishop  of  Salis- 
bury [Dr.  Burnet]  in  a  Pair  of  Sermons  uttered  in  that 
Cathedral  on  the  5"'  and  7"'  days  of  November  last,  1710  ; 
and  his  Lordship's  Restauratiou  Sermon  last  29'^  of  May." 

May  19,  1711.  Edmund  Curll  and  R.  Goslin,  then 
entered  for  their  copy,  "  A  True  Account  of  what  past  at 
the  Old  Bailej',  May  the  18'h,  1711,  relating  to  the  Tryal 
of  Richard  Thornhill,  Esq.,  indicted  for  the  Murther  of 
Sir  Cholmley  Deering,  Bart." 

May  29,  1711.  Edmund  Curll  and  R.  Goslin  then 
entered  for  their  copy,  "  The  Reasons  which  induced  Her 
Majesty  to  create  the  Right  Hon.  Robert  Harley,  Esq.,  a 
Peer  of  Great  Britain." 

July  14,  1711.  Edmund  Curll  and  R.  Goslin  then 
entered  for  their  copy,  "  More  Secret  Transactions  relat- 
ing to  the  Case  of  Mr.  William  Gregg,  by  the  Author  of 
the  Former  Part." 

Sept.  17,  1711.  Edmund  Curll  then  entered,  "Tho 
Reasons  which  induced  Her  Majesty  to  create  the  Right 
Hon.  Sir  Simon  Harcourt,  the  Lord  Raby,  Lord  Dart- 
mouth, Lord  Ferrars,  Lord  Orrery,  and  D.  Hamilton, 
Peers  of  Great  Britain." 

Jan.  26,  1712-13.  Edmund  Curll  then  entered,  "The 
Bishop  of  Salisbury's  [Dr.  Burnet]  new  Preface  to  his 
Pastoral  Care,  Considered  with  respect  to  the  following 
heads,  viz.  1.  The  Qualifications  of  the  Clergy.  2.  The 
Distinction  of  High  and  Low  Church.  3.  The  Present 
Posture  of  Affairs." 

Sept.  22,  1720.  Edmund  Curll  then  entered,  "  The 
Speech  made  by  Eustace  Budgell,  Esq.,  at  a  General 
Court  of  the  South-Sea  Company  in  Merchant  Taylors' 
Hall,  on  the  20*  of  Sept.  1720." 

Nov.  1,  1720.  Edmund  Curll  then  entered,  "An 
Epistle  to  His  Royal  Highness  the  Prince  of  Wales,  occa- 
sioned by  the  State  of  the  Nation,  presented  on  his  Birth- 
day.    By  Mr.  Stanhope." 

Aug.  20, 1746.  Edmund  Curll  then  entered,  "  Achates 
to  Varus.  An  Epistle  describing  some  Wonderful  Ap- 
pearances that  ensued  from  a  touch  of  Ithuriel's  Spear, 
together  with  a  large  Preface  in  the  Style  and  Manner  of 
some  distinguished  Authors." 

Yet  we  must  not  be  surprised  to  find  so  few 
books  entered  by  Curll  as  the  publisher,  when  we 
see  what  was  the  total  number  of  entries  in  each 
of  the  first  years  of  the  last  century.f  They  are  as 
follows : 

"  1700    -        -        -        -    9  books  entered. 

1701  -        -        -        -    3      „        „ 

1702  -        -        -        -    2      „        „ 

1703  -        -        -         -    4      „ 

1704  -         -         -         -     6       „ 

1705  -        -        -        -    5       „ 

1706  -         -         -         -     2       „ 

1707  -        -        -        -     3      „ 

1708  -        -         -        -     2       „        „       ." 

*  The  writer  cannot  allow  this  reference  to  the  Stationers' 
Company  to  pass  without  making  a  public  acknowledg- 
ment of  the  kindness  and  courtesy  shown  him  by  Mr. 
Joseph  Greenhill  on  the  occasion  of  these  researches. 

t  The  paucity  of  entries  at  Stationers'  Hall  did  not 


2rtd  s.  N'  43.,  Oct.  25.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


323 


The  list  we  have  given  is  indeed  a  brief  one, 
more  especially  when  wa  consider  how  voluminous 
a  publisher  Curll  must  have  been.  It  shows  how 
imperfect,  after  all,  is  the  knowledge  of  the  num- 
ber of  books,  published  by  any  bookseller  during 
the  last  century,  which  can  be  obtained  by  a 
search  of  this  description.  According  to  the  re- 
cords of  the  Stationers'  Company,  during  the  forty 
years  that  Curll  was  engaged  in  trade  as  a  book- 
seller, he  only  published  nine  books ! 

Did  we  not  know  from  other  sources  that  his 

Eress  was  most  prolific  for  the  greater  portion  of 
alf  a  century,  we  should  suspect,  or  rather  we 
should  feel  sure,  that  this  information  must  be  de- 
fective. It  was  Curll's  fate,  —  a  fate  which  has 
preserved  bis  name  among  us,  —  to  be  engaged  in 
quarrels  and  litigations  about  many  of  tjie  books 
he  first  gave  to  the  world.  And  when  we  consider 
the  character  of  some  of  these  books,  such  as 
Venus  in  the  Cloister,  the  Translation  of  Meibo- 
tnius,  and  The  Cases  of  Impotency,  or  the  circum- 
stances attending  the  publication  of  others,  such 
as  Popes  Letters,  or  The  Memoirs  of  Ker  of  Kers- 
land,  we  may,  perhaps,  not  be  surprised  at  his 
omitting  to  register  them. 

But  these  form  a  very  small  proportion  of  the 
books  published  by  Curll,  as  shown  by  various 
lists  appended  to  different  works  issued  by  him. 
Thus  at  the  end  of  Boileau's  Lutrin,  published 
in  1708,  we  have  the  announcement  that  "Next 
Term  will  be  published  Callipadia,  a  Poem  in  four 
books,  written  in  Latin  by  CI.  Quilletus,  &c. 
Translated  by  N.  Rowe,  Esq. 

If  we  come  to  the  year  1719,  we  find  appended 
to  The  Female  Deserters,  A  Novel  by  the  author 
of  The  Lover's  Week,  published,  not  by  Curll,  but 
by  J.  Roberts  in  Warwick  Lane  (and  this  is  a 
fact  worth  bearing  in  mind,  for  Roberts  and  Curll 
will  be  found  hereafter  mixed  up  together  in  their 
publications),  we  have  a  list  of  "  Books  printed 
for  E.  Curll,"  which  occupies  three  pages,  with 
very  full  descriptions  of  the  contents  of  the  fol- 
lowing works : 

I.  "The  Lover's  Week." 

II.  "  Milesian  Tales." 


escape  the  notice  of  a  late  writer  on  the  Copyright  Act, 
who  remarks :  — 

"The  books  at  Stationers'  Hall  show  how  very  few 
copies  were  formerly  registered  and  delivered.  There 
were  entered  in  twelve  months,  including  songs  and 
pamphlets :  — 

From  Michaelmas  1767  to  Michaelmas  1768  -  66  books. 
Do  -        -     1768  „        „        1769  -  69      „ 

Do  -        -     1769  „        „        1770  -  66      „ 

Do  -         -     1770  „        ,.         1771  -  67      „ 

Do  -         -     1771  „        „        1772  -  54:      „ 

Do  -        -     1772  „        „         1773  -  76      „ 

These  few  entries  (he  adds)  certainly  prove  that  en- 
tries Avere  then  not  usual."  —  Reasons  for  a  Modification 
of  the  Act  of  Anne  respecting  the  Delivery  of  Books  and 
Copyriyht,  p.  5.    1813. 


III.  "  Hanover  Tales." 

IV.  "The  Spanish  Polecat." 

V.  "  The  Ladies  Miscellany." 

VI.  "  The  Adventures  of  Telemachus." 

VII.  "  Exilius,  or  the  Banished  Roman." 

Again,  the  back  page  of  Miscellanies  in  Verse 
and  Prose,  (Major  Pack's),  Second  Edition,  pub- 
lished by  E.  Curll  in  Fleet  Street,  1719,  furnishes 
a  list  of  the  following  publications  by  him : 

I.  "  Major  Pack's  former  Volume  of  Miscellanies." 

II.  "  Addison's  Miscellanies." 

III.  "  Poetical  Works,  &c.,  of  Earl  of  Halifax." 

IV.  "  Duke  of  Buckingham's  Poems." 

V.  "  Creech's  Translation  of  Theocritus." 

VI.  "  Anacreon,  &c.,  Englished  by  several  hands." 

VII.  "  Dr.  Young's  Poem  on  the  Last  Day." 
VIIL  "  The  Force  of  Religion,  by  Dr.  Young." 

IX.  "  Muscipula,  &c.,  with  a  Translation." 

X.  "  Mr.  John  Philips'  Poems." 

In  the  year  1723,  in  the  volume  of  Addison's 
Miscellanies,  we  find  a  list  of  works  of  a  very  dif- 
ferent character,  viz. : 

I.  "  Bishop  Bull's  Vindication  of  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land." 

II.  "  John  Hales'  Treatise  on  the  Passions." 

III.  "  The  Pretended  Refoi-mers,  by  Matthias  Easbery." 

IV.  "  Translation  of  Fenelon's  Private  Thoughts  upon 
Religion." 

V.  "  The  Devout  Communicant." 

VI.  "  The  Christian  Pilgrimage." 

VII.  "  Prideaux's  Life  of  Mahomet." 

VIII.  "Conyers  Place's  Miscellaneous  Tracts  in  De- 
fence of  the  Doctrine  and  Discipline  of  the  Church  of 
England." 

But  a  far  better  view  of  the  extent  and  variety 
of  the  books  issued  by  Curll  may  be  gathered 
from  the  list  appended  to  the  second  edition  of 
Ashmole's  History  of  the  Order  of  the  Garter, 
published  by  him  in  1726.  It  occupies  sixteen 
very  closely  printed  octavo  pages  ;  and  is  classi- 
fied. The  first  division  —  Divinity  —  contains 
twenty-one  books,  at  the  head  of  which  is  Bull's 
Vindication,  which  was  first  printed  by  Curll. 

HiSTOBY  AND  State  Affairs  occupy  the  next 
place.  This  division  commences  with  Whitlocke's 
History  of  England,  and  comprises  eleven  books. 
In  Biography,  which  forms  the  next  division,  we 
have  twelve  books.  In  Antiquities,  which  fol- 
lows, there  are  thirteen  articles.  Poetry  forms 
a  very  large  division,  containing  no  less  than  fifty- 
nine  articles.  Under  the  head  of  Plays  we  have 
seven  works  ;  and  under  that  of  Novels,  seven- 
teen. We  then  come  to  the  last  division,  headed 
Miscellaneous,  the  first  article  in  which  is  Au- 
brey's Miscellanies,  and  the  last  (No.  27.)  Par- 
ker's History  of  his  Oivn  Time,  making  altogether 
no  less  than  one  hundred  and  sixty-seven  dif- 
ferent works. 

One  remark,  and  we  will  bring  this  section  to  a 
close.  This  list  is  headed,  "  A  Catalogue  of  Books 
printed  for  H.  Curll,  over  against  Catherine  Street 
in  the  Strand."  Henry  Curll  was  the  son  of  Ed- 
mund, and  the  reason  of  his  name  appearing  just 


324 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  43,,  Oct.  25.  '56. 


at  this  time  is  sufficiently  obvious.  His  father 
was  now  (1726)  under  prosecution  by  the  govern- 
ment.   But  more  of  this  hereafter.  S.  N.  M. 


SIR    THOMAS    MORE  S    HOUSE    AT   CHELSEA. 

[The  following  curious  memorandum,  drawn  up  at  the 
commencement  of  last  century,  is  printed  from  a  MS.  of 
the  time,  kindly  forwarded  to  us  by  a  correspondent  for 
that  purpose.] 

Probable  Reasons  showing  where  S^  Thomas 
ATore's  Mouse  stood  in  Chelsey. 

As  there  were  7  Cities  in  Greece,  which  con- 
tended for  the  Birth-place  of  Homer;  so  there  are 
in  this  Parish  4  Houses,  which  lay  claim  to  the 
place,  where  S'  Thomas  More's  house  stood.  To 
wit, 

1.  TheDukeofBeauforts.  2^K  The  old  House 
of  M*^'  Butlers  lately  M"  Woodcocks  School 
House.  3.  That  w^h  was  once  S""  Reginald 
Braye's  at  the  Arch,  w'^h  is  now  built  into  Seve- 
ral Tenements.  And  4'''.  S""  John  Danvers's,  w'^h 
is  also  now  puU'd  down,  and  upon  part  of  the 
Ground  a  short  street  is  built  called  Danvers 
Street. 

Now  of  all  these  in  my  opinion  Beaufort 
House  seemes  probably  to  be  the  place,  where 
S'  Thomas  More's  House  stood.  My  reasons  for 
thinking  so  are  these,  that  follow. 

First.  His  great  Grandson  M'  Thomas  More 
(who  wrote  his  life,  and  was  born  (1566)  in  the 
beginning  of  Queen  Elizabeth's  Reigne  about  30 
years  after  S"^  Thomas  suffer' d)  may  well  be  sup- 
posed to  know,  where  the  most  eminent  Person  of 
his  Ancesto'^'  lived.  Now  he  writes,  page  120  of 
his  Book,  That  S''  Thomas  Mores  House  in  Chel- 
sey, was  the  same,  w'^h  my  Lord  of  Lincoln  bought  of 
S''  Robert  Cecil.  It  appears  pretty  plainly,  that 
S'  Rob'  Cecil's  House  was  that,  w'h  is  now  the 
Duke  of  Beauforts.  For  in  divers  places  the 
letters  R.  C  and  also  R"  E  with  the  date  1597. 
Which  letters  stand  for  the  first  of  his,  and  his 
Ladie's  name ;  and  the  date  of  the  year,  the  time, 
when  He  new  built,  or  at  least  new  fronted  it. 
Besides  from  the  Earl  of  Lincoln,  that  House  was 
conveyed  to  S""  Arthur  Gorges  :  From  him  to 
Lionel  Cranfield  Earl  of  Middlesex.  From  him 
to  K  Charls  y''  first.  From  the  King  to  the  D. 
of  Buckingham  Georg  Villars.  From  his  Son 
after  the  Restoration  to  one  Plummer  for  Debts. 
From  Plummer  to  the  Earl  of  Bristol.  And  from 
his  Heires  to  the  Duke  of  Beaufort:  So  that  we 
can  trace  all  the  mesne  Assignments  from  S"" 
Rob*  Cecil  down  to  the  present  possesso*  of  that 
House. 

But  2'^.  S""  Thomas  More  built  the  south  chan- 
cell,  or  chappel  of  the  Church  of  Chelsey.  And 
as  an  evidence  thereof  Hia  coat  of  Arms  (viz*  In 


a  Field  Argent  a  Cheveron  engrailed  sable  be- 
tween 3  Moor  Cocks  of  the  same)  remain  in  the 
Glasse  of  the  East  Window  of  that  Chancell  to  this 
day.  Now  that  Chancell  originally  went  with, 
and  belonged  to  Beaufort  House ;  untill  S'  Ar- 
thur Gorges  sold  that  Great  House,  but  reserved 
the  Chancell  to  a  lesse  House  near  it,  to  which  it 
belongs  still,  and  is  with  that  lesse  House  now  in 
the  occupation  of  the  Heirs  of  the  late  S""  William 
Milman,  who  dyed  in  that  House. 

So  that  the  Chappel,  or  Chancell  belonging  In 
the  beginning  to  S"'  Thomas  More's  House  ;  and 
descending  down  to  the  several  Possesso"'  of 
Beaufort  House  (untill  S"  Arthur  Gorges  his 
conveying  it  to  the  E  of  Middlesex)  we  may 
conclude,  that  Beaufprt  House  was  S""  Thomas 
More's. 


"long   LANKYN       BALLAD. 

Perhaps  some  correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q."  may 
be  able  to  point  to  some  work  where  an  authentic 
edition  of  this  curious  old  ballad  may  be  obtained, 
or  to  fill  up  the  several  gaps  in  the  following  ver- 
sion, which  is  derived  by  tradition  from  the  nurse 
of  an  ancestor  of  mine  who  heard  It  sung  nearly  a 
century  ago  In  Northumberland.  The  tune  is 
singularly  quaint  and  pathetic,  and  extremely 
simple  :  and.  If  one  may  judge  by  internal  evi- 
dence In  such  a  case,  the  music  is  of  considerable 
antiquity.  Is  it  known  whether  this  ballad  is 
founded  on  fact  in  any  degree  ?  It  evidently 
points  to  a  time  when  the  English  and  Scottish 
Border  was  infested  by  the  marauders  called  Moss 
Troopers  ;  and  it  is  possible  that  "Long  Lankyn" 
may  have  been  a  popular  name  for  a  real  member 
of  that  troublesome  fraternity.  "Johnstone"  is  a 
name  well  known  amongst  the  Lowland  Scotch ; 
and  the  only  doubt  as  to  the  locality  of  the  ballad 
seems  to  arise  from  the  passage  — 

"  And  he  must  be  in  London  before  break  of  day ;" 
certainly  a  glaring  impossibility  In  those  days  of 
slow  travelling.  Perhaps  "London"  may  be  a 
modern  interpolation,  instead  of  "  Lowdon,"  or 
some  other  Scotch  name  of  a  similar  sound  :  or  it 
may  be  merely  a  poetical  licence,  signifying  any 
great  place  at  a  distance  from  the  scene  of  action. 

It  Is  right  to  mention,  however,  that  to  my 
knowledge  a  version  of  it  has  been  met  with  In 
another  and  distant  part  of  the  kingdom  (Glouces- 
tershire), in  which  the  name  "  Old  Slamklns  "  was 
substituted  for  "Long  Lankyn."  But  in  this, 
and  other  similar  cases,  it  is  possible  that,  on 
minute  inquiry,  the  individual  who  sang  It  might 
have  been  found  to  have  derived  it  from  northern 
authorities. 

Each  hiatus  (arising  from  defect  of  memory)  Is 
marked  by  a  line  of  asterisks.  When  sung,  each 
line  is  repeated  throughout.     The  tune  finishes 


2nd  s.  No  43.,  Oct.  25.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


32d 


with  each  second  line.  It  may  be  that  I  ought  to 
have  raa(ley«Mr  short  lines  in  each  stanza,  instead 
of  two  long  ones. 

"  Long  Lankyn. 

"  Said  my  lord  to  his  ladye,  as  he  mounted  his  horse,  (his) 
'  Take  care  of  Long  Lankyn  Avho  lies  in  the  moss '  (bis'). 

Said  my  lord  to  his  ladye,  as  he  rode  away, 

'  Take  care  of  Long  Lankyn  who  lies  in  the  clay. 

Let  the  doors  be  all  bolted,  and  the  windows  all  pinned ; 
And  leave  not  a  hole  for  a  mouse  to  creep  in ! ' 

Then  he  kissed  his  fair  ladye,  and  he  rode  away — 
He  must  be  in  London  before  break  of  day. 

The  doors  were  all  bolted,  and  the  windows  were  pinned. 
All  but  one  little  window  where  Long  Lankyn  crept  in. 

'  Where  is  the  lord  of  this  house  ?  '  said  Long  Lankyn, 
'  He  is  gone  to  fair  London,'  said  the  false  nurse  to  him. 

'  Where  is  the  ladye  of  this  house  ?  '  said  Long  Lankyn. 
'She's  asleep  in  her  chamber,' said  the  falsd  nurse  to 

him. 
'  Where  is  the  heir  of  this  house  ? '  said  Long  Lankyn, 
'  He's  asleep  in  his  cradle,'  said  the  false  nurse  to  him. 

*     * (hiatus.) 

•  We'll  prick  him  and  prick  him  all  over  with  a  pin. 

And  that  will  make  your  Ladye  to  comedown  to  him.' 

So  he  pricked  him  and  pricked  all  over  with  a  pin ; 
And  the  nurse  held  a  basin  for  the  blood  to  run  in. 

Lady.  '  Oh,  nurse  !    how  you  sleep  —  Oh,  nurse  !    how 
you  snore  — 
And  you  leave  my  little  son  Johnstone  to  cry 
and  to  roar  ! ' 
Nurse.  'I've  tried  him  with  suck  —  and  I've  tried  him 
with  pap  — 
Bo  come  down,  my  fair  ladye,  and  nurse  him  in 
your  lap  ! ' 
Lad^.  '  Oh,  nurse  !    how  you  sleep  —  oh,  nurse !    how 
you  snore  — 
And  you  leave  my  little  son  Johnstone  to  cry 
and  to  roar  ! ' 
Nurse.  '  I've  tried  him  with  apples  —  I've  tried  him  with 
pears  — 
So,  come  down,  my  fair  ladye,  and  rock  him  in 
your  chair.' 
Lady.  '  How  can  I  come  down  ?  'tis  so  late  in  the  night — 
When  there's  no  candle  burning,  nor  fire  to  give 
light.' 
Nurse.  '  You  have  three  silver  mantles  as  bright  as  the 
sun  — 
So,  come  down,  my  fair  ladye,  by  the  light  of 
one. 

*     * (hiatus.) 

Lady,  '  Oh  I    spare  me.  Long  Lankyn,  Oh !  spare  me  till 
12  o'clock, 
Tou  shall  have  as  much  gold  as  you  can  carry 
on  3'our  back.' 
Long  Lankyn.  '  If  I  had  as  much  gold  as  would  build 
me  a  tower. 

*     * (hiatus.) 

Lady.  '  Oh !  spare  me.  Long  Lankyn,  Oh !   spare  me  one 
hour, 
You  shall  have  my  daughter  Betsy  —  she  is  a 
sweet  flower.' 
Long  Lankyn.  '  Where  is  your  daughter  Betsy  ?    She 
may  do  some  good. 
She  can  hold  the  silver  basin  to  catch  your 
heart's  blood  1 ' 


*  * (hiatus.) 

Lady  Betsy  was  sitting  in  her  window  so  high, 
And  she  saw  her  father  as  he  was  riding  by. 

♦  Oh,  father  !  oh,  father  !  don't  lay  the  blame  on  me, 
'Twas  the  false  nurse  and  Long  Lankyn  that  killed 
your  Ladye  ! ' 

*  * (hiatus.) 

Then  Long  Lankyn  Avas  hanged  on  a  gallows  so 

high- 
And  the  false  nurse  Avas  burnt  in  a  fire  just  by." 

M.  H.  R. 


FOLK   LOBE. 


Dream  Superstitions.  —  In  the  rural  districts 
many  superstitions  yet  obtain  of  dreams  on  or  after 
particular  occasions  and  days;  various  incanta- 
tions are  used  to  procure  prophetic,  or  to  escape 
horrible  ones  (vide  Aubrey's  Miscellanies) ;  and 
many  rude  rhymes  hand  down  the  wisdom  of  the 
"  onelrocritical  masters,"  as  Sir  Thomas  Browne 
calls  them.  The  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  are  well 
adapted  for  the  preservation  of  many  of  the  above 
hitherto  unpublished,  while  references  to  those 
already  printed  would  oblige  Scott  of  S — . 

Raven  Superstition  (1'*  S.  vii.  496.)  — 

"A  recent  letter  from  Assens,  in  one  of  the  Danish 
isles,  says  :  In  no  country  in  the  world  does  there  exist 
so  much  superstition  amongst  the  peasantry  as  in  Den- 
mark. Here  the  appearance  of  a  raven  in  a  village  is 
considered  an  indication  that  the  parish  priest  is  to  die, 
or  that  the  church  is  to  be  burned  down  that  year ;  the 
person  who  fasting  meets  a  Jew  is  sure  to  be  robbed 
within  a  month ;  two  pins  lying  in  the  ground  crossed 
prognosticate  the  early  death  of  a  relative  ;  and  the 
breaking  of  a  looking-glass  indicates  the  ruin  of  a  family. 

"  But  the  most  remarkable  of  all  superstitions,  and  that 
which  is  most  deeply  rooted,  is  that  to  drink  the  blood  of 
a  man  executed  (executions  take  place  in  Denmark  by 
decapitation),  is  an  infallible  preservative  against  apo- 
plexy and  epilepsy.  In  consequence  of  this  belief  the 
authorities  are  obliged  to  take  great  precautions  to  pre- 
vent persons  from  approaching  the  scaffold  at  executions. 
On  the  20th  of  this  month  (August,  1856),  two  brigands, 
named  Boye  and  Olsen,  were  executed  in  the  town,  and 
the  authorities  as  usual  employed  a  strong  detachment  of 
soldiers  to  keep  the  spectators  at  a  distance.  But  at  the 
moment  the  head  of  Olsen  fell  beneath  the  axe,  two 
peasant  girls,  eighteen  years  of  age,  slipped  between  the 
soldiers,  who  were  drawn  up  in  two  rows,  rushed  to  the 
scaffold,  and  received  in  cups  with  which  they  had  pro- 
vided themselves  some  of  the  flowing  blood,  and  this 
blood  they  hastily  swallowed  !  The  thing  was  done 
with  such  rapidity  that  it  was  impossible  to  prevent 
them.  The  girls  were  at  once  arrested,  and  on  being 
taken  before  a  magistrate  they  produced  a  letter  written 
by  Olsen  on  the  previous  evening,  in  which  he  authorised 
them  to  drink  his  blood.  They  were  ordered  for  trial  on 
the  charge  of  violating  the  regulations  of  the  police."  — 
Galiqnani's  Messenger. 

w.w. 

Malta. 

New  Year's  Superstition.  — For  years  past,  an 
old  lady,  a  friend  of  mine,  has  regularly  reminded 


326 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  Ko  43.,  Oct.  25,  '56. 


me  to  pay  her  an  early  visit  on  New  Year's  Day  ; 
in  short,  to  be  her  first  caller,  and  "  let  the  new 
year  in."  I  have  done  this  for  years,  excepting 
on  one  occasion.  When  I,  who  am  of  a  fair  com- 
plexion, have  been  her  first  visitor,  she  has  en- 
joyed happy  and  prosperous  years;  but  on  the 
occasion  I  missed,  some  dark-complexioned,  black- 
haired  gentleman  called— and  sickness  and  trouble, 
and  commercial  disasters,  were  the  result.  Can 
any  of  your  readers  tell  me  if  this  preference  for 
fair-visaged  folks  is  general  ?  Pbestoniensis. 

Remarkable  Cure  for  the  Ague.  —  In  a  MS. 
Psalter  of  the  fourteenth  century,  the  following 
extraordinary  recipe  is  written,  in  a  hand  difficult 
to  decypher,  on  a  blank  leaf:  — 

"  This  medecyn  ys  good  for  the  ague. 

"  Take  an  halfe  peny  worth  of  peper,  and  an  halfe  peny- 
■worth  of  Safron,  and  make  powther  of  hem,  and  medil 
bem  together,  and  separte  it  on  thre  partyes,  evy  parte 
lyke  moche ;  and  then  gathyr  iij  rede  nettyl  croppys,  and 
stampe  hem  and  take  the  Juce  of  hem,  and  putt  it  in  to  a 
drawth  of  small  ale  and  1  parte  of  peper  and  Safron,  and 
yf  he  be  coold  that  shall  drynke  it,  warme  your  ale ;  and 
if  he  be  booth,  warme  nat  your  ale.  Also,  at  the  geder- 
yng  of  this  nettels,  say  6  ave  maria,  and  whan  ye  have 
made  the  medecyn  say  6  pat.  nr'  and  6  ave  and  6  crede ; 
the  ij  tyme,  take  G  rede  nettyl  croppys,  and  serve  hem 
lyke  wyse,  the  thirde  tyme  take  ix  nettyl  croppys  and 
serve  hem  lyke  wyse  with  prayers,  and  all  this  medecyn 
may  nat  be  taken  but  on  the  day  that  ye  sekenes  corny  th." 

F.  C.  H. 


TIME   AND    HIS   PEN   OE   PLOUGHSHARE. 

Byron,  in  his  magnificent  apostrophe  to  the 
ocean  at  the  close  of  the  fourth  canto  of  Childe 
Harold,  concludes  one  of  the  stanzas  with  the  fine 
lines : 

"  Time  writes  no  wrinkle  on  thine  azure  brow  — 
Such  as  Creation's  dawn  beheld,  thou  rollest  now." 

For  this  idea  he  was  probably  indebted  to  Ma- 
dame de  Stael,  from  whose  works  and  conversa- 
tion he  had.  largely  profited.  He  had  doubtless 
read : 

"  Si  lea  vaisseaux  sillonnent  un  moment  les  ondes,  les 
vagues  viennent  effacer  aussitot  cette  legbre  marque  de 
servitude,  et  la  mer  reparait  telle  qu'elle  fut  au  premier 
jour  de  la  creation."  —  Corinne. 

Or  had  the  poet  In  his  mind  the  quaint  prettiness 
of  Shakspeare's  deprecation  ? 

"  Oh !  carve  not  with  thy  hours  my  love's  fair  brow. 
Nor  write  no  lines  there  with  thine  antique  pen." 

Sonnet,  xix. 

Shakspeare  had  previously  made  use  of  the  same 
figure : 

"  When  forty  winters  shall  besiege  thy  brow, 
And  dig  deep  trenches  in  thy  beauty's  field." 

Son7iet,  ii. 


And  again  : 

"  The  careful  hours  with  Time's  deforming  hand, 
Have  written  strange  defeatures  in  thy  face." 

Much  Ado  about  Nothing. 

The  Latin  poets  were  fond  of  likening  the  action 
of  Time  upon  the  front  of  man  to  that  of  a.  plough- 
share upon  the  earth's  surface  : 

" .        .        .        posuitque  ad  tenipora  canos, 
Sulcavitque  cutem  rug  is." 

Ov.  Met,  lib.  iii. 

" .        .        .        in  vultus  sese  transformat  aniles, 
Et  frontem  obscoenam  rugis  arat." 

Virg.  ^11.,  lib.  vii. 

"  Cum  sit  tibi  dens  ater,  et  rugis  vetus 
Frontem  senectus  exaret." 

Horat.  Epod.,  viii. 

I  do  not  recollect  a  classical  passage  in  which 
the  pen  of  Time  is  spoken  of.       William  Bates. 

Birmingham. 


The  Word  "  Jolly."  —  If  the  origin  of  the  word 
i  jolly  is  considered  of  sufficient  importance  to  de- 
j  mand  a  line  among  the  Notes  in  your  wonderful 
i  Common-place  Book,  you  may  write  against  it 
j  "vide  Bp.  Stillingfleet,"  who,  in  his  Origines 
:  BritanniccB,  p.  352.,  edit.  1837,  speaking  of  Feasts, 
&c.,  remarks  : 

"  At  which  time,  among  the  northern  nations,  the  feast 
of  the  new  year  was  observed  with  more  than  ordinary 
jollity ;  thence,  as  Olaus  Wormius  and  SchefFer  observe, 
they  reckoned  their  age  by  so  many  lolas ;  and  Snorro 
Sturleson  describes  this  new  year's  feast  just  as  Buchanan 
sets  out  the  British  Saturnalia,  by  'feasting  and  sending 
presents  or  new  j-ear's  gifts  to  one  another.'  Thence 
some  think  the  name  of  this  feast  was  taken  from  lola, 
which  in  the  Gothic  language  signifies  '  to  make  merry.'  " 

Jasper. 

The  Sound  of  a  Christian  Bell.  — 

"  We  have,"  says  a  letter  from  Widdin,  under  date  of 
the  27th  August,  1856,  "  heard  a  sound  this  morning, 
which  the  people  of  Bulgaria  have  not  heard  for  ages,  the 
sound  of  a  Cliristian  bell,  to  summon  us  to  church,  in 
order  that  we  might  thank  God  for  the  Sultan's  kindness 
in  restoring  to  us  our  liberty  of  worship." 

w.  w. 

Malta. 

IJint  to  Lord  Palmerston. — In  Frederick  von 
Raumer's  England  in  1835  (vol.  iii.  p.  47.),  I  find 
the  following,  which  I  think  worthy  of  being  noted 
in''N.  &  Q.:"  — 

"  There  is  no  article  of  exportation  in  which  the  En- 
glish are  so  far  behind  the  French  as  in  that  of  j'oung 
women,  sedate  governesses,  and  old  bonnes.  The  English 
might  answer,  this  is  a  proof  of  our  prosperity,  of  our 
contentment  at  home,  of  attachment  to  our  country; 
whereas  poverty,  ennui,  and  vanity,  drive  the  French 
women  over  the  frontiers.  I  can  onlj'  half  concede  the 
correctness  of  this  conclusion  :  an  easy  and  agreeable  life 
certainly  keeps  the  English  women  at  home,  and  it  is 


2"-^  S.  No  43.,  Oct,  25.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


327 


difficult  to  indemnify  them  on  the  continent;  but  the 
French  gain,  by  this'kind  of  exportation,  more  influence 
in  Europe  than  by  ambassadors,  spies,  and  all  active 
afjents  of  the  male  sex.  It  was  not  on  the  exportation 
of  herrings  and  stockfish  that  the  English  government 
should  have  granted  drawbacks  and  bounties,  but  on  that 
•  of  their  amiable  countrywomen.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that 
tiie  present  very  judicious  ministry  will,  at  least,  defray 
the  travelling  expenses  to  the  continental  capitals ;  and 
they  may  be  persuaded  that  this  outlay  will  prove  more 
advantageous  to  Great  Britain  than  many  large  subsidies 
for  the  importation  of  German  soldiers." 

Vespebtilio. 

Rev.  C.  Wolfe's  Wordu  to  the  Air  "  Grama- 
chree."  —  It  is  stated  in  the  Rev.  J.  A.  Russell's 
Remains  of  the  late  Rev.  Charles  Wolfe,  that,  — 

"  He  never  heard  this  popular  Irish  air  without  being 
sensibly  affected  by  its  deep  and  tender  expression ;  but 
he  thought  that  no  words  had  ever  been  written  for  it, 
which  came  up  to  his  idea  of  the  peculiar  pathos  which 
pervades  the  whole  strain.  He  said  they  all  appeared  to 
him  to  want  individuality  of  feeling.  At  the  desire  of  a 
friend  he  gave  his  own  conception  of  it  in  these  verses, 
which  it  seems  hard  to  read,  perhaps  impossible  to  hear 
sung,  without  tears." 

The  exquisite  verses  here  alluded  to  contain  one 
line  which  it  has  always  surprised  me  that  the 
author  should  have  retained,  when  its  extreme 
roughness  could  have  been  so  easily  removed, 
without  any  detriment  to  the  sense,  and  with 
manifest  improvement  in  sound.  The  line  is  the 
sixth  in  the  second  stanza,  and  reads  thus : 
"  What  thou  ne'er  leftist  unsaid  :  " 

Would  not  the  following  be  an  improvement  ? 
"  WTiat  thou  hast  ever  said : " 

The  stanza  then,  which  is  perhaps  the  most 
pathetic  of  a  composition  intensely  beautiful 
throughout,  would  read  thus  : 

"  And  still  upon  that  face  I  look. 
And  think  'twill  smile  again ; 
And  still  the  thought  I  will  not  brook, 

That  I  must  look  in  vain  ! 
But  when  I  speak  —  thou  dost  not  say, 

What  thou  hast  ever  said: 
And  now  I  feel,  as  well  I  may. 
Sweet  Marv,  thou  art  dead ! " 

F.  C.  H. 

Mottoes  for  a  Common-place  Book,  Index  Re- 
rum,  or  Note-book.  —  I  send  you  two  mottoes  I 
have  prefixed  to  my  Note-book,  and  I  trust  others 
will  do  the  same  :  — 

"  Adventure  not  all  thy  learning  in  one  bottom,  hut  divide 
it  betwixt  thy  3femory  and  thy  Note-books.  He  that  with 
Bias  carries  all  his  learning  about  him  in  his  head,  will 
utterly  be  beggerd  and  bankrupt,  if  a  violent  disease,  a 
mercilesse  thief,  should  rob  and  strip  him.  I  know  some 
have  a  Common- place  against  Common-place-books,  and 
yet  perchance  will  privately  make  use  of  what  publickly 
they  declaim  against.  A  Common-place-book  contains 
many  Notions  in  garison,  whence  the  owner  may  draw 
out  an  army  into  the  field  on  competent  warning."  — 
Fuller's  Holy  State,  1st  edit.,  p.  17G. 

"  Preserve  proportion  in  your  reading,  keep  your  view 


of  Men  and  Things,  extensive,  and  depend  upon  it  a 
mixed  Knowledge  is  not  a  superficial  one ;  as  far  as  it 
goes,  the  views  that  it  gives  are  true ;  but  he  who  reads 
deeply  in  one  class  of  writers  only,  gets  views  which  are 
almost  sure  to  be  perverted,  and  which  are  not  only  7iur- 
roiv  but/a/se."  — Dr.  Arnold. 

EiRIONNACII. 

Unregistered  Proverb  :  "  Like  lucky  John  Toy," 
Sj-c.  —  At  Penryn,  in  West  Cornwall,  I  frequently 
used  to  hear  this  proverb  applied  to  any  one  who 
rejoiced  over  a  small  gain,  though  purchased  at  the 
expense  of  a  greater  loss  :  "  Like  lucky  Jahn 
Toy — lost  a  shilling  and  found  a  tupenny  loaf." 
There  was  then  living  a  semi-idiot,  called  John 
Toy ;  but  the  proverb  was  of  such  extended  use, 
that  I  think  it  originated  ere  his  time. 

J.  H.  A.  B. 

The  War  of  Sing  (China)  Independence.  — 
There  have  arriyed  here  some  proclamations  and 
other  printed  documents  of  the  new  Emperor 
{Judge,  President)  of  the  Confederated  States  of 
China.  His  Excellency  Tae-Ping-Teen-Kwo  cir- 
culates with  much  tact  and  discernment  a  great 
number  of  translations  of  the  Exodus,  as  the 
liberation  of  the  Hebrew  people  from  the  kingly 
rule  of  Egypt,  the  establishment  of  judges,  &c., 
bear  a  strong  resemblance  to  the  present  national 
war  in  China,  That  the  foreign  rule  of  the 
Tartar  dynasty  was  never  liked  there,  and  that 
that  hatred  even  pervaded  some  of  the  Christian 
missionaries  centuries  ago,  we  learn  from  a  work 
printed  in  1656,  which  begins  thus  : 

"  Sinense  ccelum,  mite  ac  benignum  olim  —  nunc  Tar- 
tarico  frigore  exasperatum,  infestumque !  !  "  —  Boym, 
Flora  Sinensis,  Vienna,  fol. 

J.  LoTSKT,  Panslave. 


cauertc^. 

GOWER   QUERIES. 

Can  any  of  your  readers  explain  the  words 
printed  in  Italics  in  the  following  extracts  from 
Gower's  Confessio  Amantis  ?  F.  R.  Daldy. 

1. 

"  But  fader,  for  3-e  ben  a  clerke 
Of  love  and  this  matere  is  derke. 
And  I  can  ever  lenger  the  lasse, 
But  yet  I  may  nought  let  it  passe." 

2. 
"  The  Gregois  weren  wonder  glade. 
And  of  that  thing  right  merry  hem  thought, 
And  forth  with  hem  the  flees  they  brought. 
And  eche  on  other  gan  to  Ugh." 

3. 
"And  thus  upon  his  marrement 
This  paien  hath  made  his  preiere. 

4. 
"  And  though  I  stonde  there  a  mile. 
All  is  forj'ette  for  the  while." 


328 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2ad  S.  N"  43.,  Oct.  25.  '56. 


"  And  for  to  speke  how  that  it  stood, 
Of  Thaise  his  doughter,  wher  she  dwelleth. 
In  Tliarse  as  the  cronique  telleth ; 
She  Avas  well  liept,  she  was  well  loked, 
She  was  well  taught,  she  was  well  boked, 
So  well  she  sped  her  in  her  youth. 
That  she  of  every  wisdom  couth, 
That  for  to  secke  in  ever}-  londe 
So  wise  an  other  no  man  fonde 
Ne  so  well  taught  at  marines  eye." 

6. 
"  And  prively  withoute  noise, 
He  bringeth  this  foule  great  coise 
To  his  castell  in  suche  a  wise, 
That  no  man  might  her  shape  avise." 

7. 
"  And  after  him  I  finde  thus 
Southward  fro  Alisaundre  forth, 
Tho  signes,  whiche  most  ben  worth 
In  governaunce  of  that  doaire. 
Libra  they  ben  and  Sagittaire 
With  Scorpio,  which  is  conjoint. 

8. 
« .        .        .        he  made  a  vow. 
With  manful  herte,  and  thus  he  saide, 
That  Rome  shulde  never  abraide 
His  heires,  whan  he  were  of  dawe, 
That  her  auncester  brake  the  lawe. 

9. 
"  My  sone,  if  that  thou  well  bethought, 
This  toucheth  the,  forj'ete  it  nought. 
The  thing  is  torned  into  was, 
The  which  was  whilome  grene  gras 
Is  welked  heie,  as  time  now. 

10. 
"  With  that  upon  a  grene  bough 
A  ceinte  of  silke,  which  she  there  had, 
She  knette,  and  so  her  self  she  lad. 
That  she  about  her  white  swere 
It  did  and  henge  her  selven  there. 

11. 

"  The  wind  stood  thanne  nought  amis. 
But  every  topsailcole  it  blewe, 
Till  Ulixes  the  marches  knewe, 
Where  Lichomede  his  regne  had. 


Minav  €i\xtvit&. 

Truant  Felice.  —  In  one  of  Hearne's  mediaeval 
chroniclers,  I  find  a  monastery  at  Byzantium  or 
Constantinople  mentioned  as  Timant  Felice.  Now 
there  is  little  doubt  that  this  is  an  incorrect  read- 
ing. Can  any  of  your  readers  help  me  to  find  the 
real  name  ?  Henry  T.  Riley. 

Artillery.  —  Two  hundred  years  ago  in  some  of 
our  towns  butts  were  provided  by  the  authorities 
for  the  practice  of  "  artillery."  What  was  the 
kind  of  artillery  then  in  use  ?  D.  W. 

Hampshire  Topography.  —  What  are  the  best 
books  to  consult  for  the  early  history  of  a  parish 
in  Hampshire  bordering  on  Sussex  ?         H.  S.  T. 


Octave  at  Magdalen  College,  Oxford.  —  At  the 
election  of  Demies  at  this  college,  it  is  customary 
to  nominate  one  of  the  unsuccessful  candidates  as 
Octave ;  and  he  is  to  take  the  place  of  any  Demy 
who  may  chance  to  die  within  eight  days  of  the 
election.  Can  any  of  your  Oxford  correspondents 
tell  me  if  there  has  been  any  instance  of  an  Octave 
so  succeeding  to  a  Demyship?     Henry  T.  Rilet. 

Seven  Fleurs-de-lis,  and  Buslingthorpe  Family, 
—  Can  any  of  your  contributors,  skilled  in  he- 
raldry, kindly  mention  a  family  bearing  for  arms 
Ou.  7  jfteurs'de-lis  (viz.  three  rows  of  tioo,  and 
one,')  or? 

Such  a  coat  is  indistinctly  perceptible  in  the 
east  window  of  Buslingthorpe  Church,  co.  Lincoln, 
surmounted  by  a  crest,  which  I  take  to  be  a 
peacock. 

The  arms  of  "  Sire  Richard  de  Boselingthorp," 
as  given  in  Pari.  Writs  (Sir  F.  Palgrave),  vol.  i. 
p.  416.,  are  totally  different,  viz.  "  de  argent  od 
le  chef  endente  de  sable  a  un  cheveron  de  gout." 

I  should  also  be  glad  to  learn,  whether  there  is 
any  evidence  of  Sire  John  de  Boselyngthorp, 
father  or  grand^SiihQv  of  the  Sire  Richard  men- 
tioned in  Pari.  Writs,  having  been  connected  with 
the  fifth  (or  any)  crusade,  or  of  his  having  under- 
taken a  pilgrimage  to  the  Holy  Land.  His  monu- 
ment exhibits  him  cross-legged  on  an  altar-tomb  ; 
and,  as  there  is  a  tradition  of  his  having  received 
a  grant  of  land  from  the  king  in  reward  for  his 
having  slain  a  dragon,  it  is  probable  that  he  was 
a  "man  of  mark"  in  his  day.  Either  his  son 
Richard,  who  is  still  commemorated  by  a  half- 
length  brass  in  good  preservation, — or  (more  pro- 
bably) ?i,  grandson  of  the  same  name,  —  is  said  at 
his  death  to  have  held  the  manor  of  Bothumsell, 
in  Notts,  "of  the  inheritance  of  Isabella,  his 
quondam  wife."     See  Thoroton  v.  Bothumsell. 

Query,  Who  was  this  Isabella  ?  Was  she  an 
heiress  of  the  St.  George,  or  of  the  Furntaux 
family  ?     Probably,  of  the  former.        J.  Sansom. 

Buslingthorpe. 

P.S.  Does  the  name  of  Buslingthorpe  occur  is 
any  list  of  Knights  Templars  ? 

Wolves  eating  Earth.  — 

"  And  as  a  wolfe,  beeing  about  to  devoure  a  horse,  doth 
balist  his  belly  witli  earth,  that  he  may  hang  the  heavier 
vpou  him,  and  then  forcibly  flyes  in  his  face,  neuer 
leaning  his  hold  till  he  had  eaten  him  vp." — Pierce 
Pennilesse,  p.  32.  (Shakspeare  Soc.  edit.) 

On  what  authority  does  this  wolfish  trait  rest  ? 
and  are  there  other  allusions  to  it  in  old  writers  ? 

J.  H.  A.  Bone. 
Cleveland,  Ohio.  U.  S. 

Waterspouts  on  Land.  —  On  the  first  of  Sep- 
tember last,  a  thunderstorm,  accompanied  by  hail 
and  rain,  burst  with  unparalleled  fury  upon  this 
village  and  its  vicinity,  and  continued  from  5*30 


2nd  s.  N*  43.,  Oct.  25.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


32» 


to  10-30  P.M.  The  rain  fell  in  quantities  sur- 
passing the  experience  of  the  oldest  inhabitant ; 
every  hollow  was,  in  a  short  space  of  time,  com- 
pletely filled.  A  house  was  utterly  demolished ; 
animals  drowned,  and  the  public  roads  were  in 
places  several  feet  under  water;  but  the  most 
curious  phenomenon  was  the  appearance  of  a 
large  hole  of  an  irregular  circular  form,  more  than 
20  feet  in  diameter,  and  from  7  to  10  feet  deep, 
in  a  field  situate  about  a  mile  off,  in  the  parish  of 
Hemsby,  having  all  the  appearance  of  being 
caused  by  the  descent  of  a  column  of  water.  _  The 
situation  of  the  field  precludes  the  possibility  of 
its  having  been  caused  by  an  accumulation  of 
surface  water.  A  hedge  ran  across  the  spot ;  but 
this,  for  the  space  of  eight  yards,  together  with 
large  quantities  of  the  subsoil  (sand),  was  carried 
by  the  force  of  the  water  fully  200  yards  into  the 
next  field.  The  sides  of  the  chasm  are  generally 
perpendicular,  and  the  depth  of  the  mould  con- 
siderable. I  am  desirous  to  know  if  anything 
similar  has  occurred,  and  if  any  appearance  of  a 
waterspout  on  land,  and  the  effects  of  its  fall,  are 
on  record.  E.  S.  TATftOB. 

Ormesby  St.  Margaret. 

Chinese  and  Gi-eeks  mtd  Romans.  —  It  is  not 
improbable  that  the  ancient  Chinese  kept  a  watch- 
ful eye  on  what  was  going  on  in  the  western 
world.  Has  Chinese  or  Indian  history  revealed  to 
our  orientalists  any  particulars  connected  with 
the  Egyptians,  Assyrians,  Greeks,  or  Romans, 
with  which,  from  classical  sources,  we  are  unac- 
quainted ?  If  so,  any  such  scraps  of  information 
would  find  a  most  appropriate  place  in  a  corner  of 
your  journal.  Henry  T.  IIilet. 

Caricatures.  — There  is  lying  before  me  a  curi- 
ous little  volume  which  unfortunately  wants  the 
title-page,  but  is  lettered  on  the  back,  "  Political 
Caricatures  from  17.)5  to  1760."  It  contains  1T)0 
plates,  preceded  by  twenty  pages  of  letter-press, 
explaining  or  describing  them.  They  seem  to 
have  been  published,  from  time  to  time,  by  Darby 
and  Edwards,  at  the  Acorn,  facing  Hungerford, 
Strand.  I  should  like  to  know  the  full  title  of 
this  volume,  and  whether  it  is  of  any  value  on  ac- 
count of  its  rarity,  or  otherwise.  E.  H.  A. 

Races  on  Foot  by  naked  Men.  —  During  the 
summer  of  1824,  I  remember  seeing,  at  Whit- 
worth  in  Lancashire,  two  races,  at  different 
periods,  of  this  description.  On  one  occasion  two 
men  ran  on  Whitworth  Moor  with  only  a  small 
cloth  or  belt  round  the  loins.  On  the  other  oc- 
casion the  runners  were  six  in  number,  stark 
naked,  the  distance  being  seven  miles,  or  seven 
times  round  the  moor.  There  were  hundreds, 
perhaps  thousands,  of  spectators,  men  and  women, 
and  it  did  not  appear  to  shock  them,  as  being 
anything  out  of  the  ordinary  course  of  things. 


Can  any  of  your  readers  inform  me  whether  races 
of  this  description  are  still  celebrated  in  any  part 
of  Great  Britain  or  Ireland  ?  It  is  with  reference 
to  this  usage,  no  doubt,  that  the  Lancashire  riddle 

says  : 

"  As  I  was  going  over  Rooley  Moor,  Eooley  Moor  shak'd, 
I  saw  four  and  twenty  men,  running  stark  nak'd. 
Tlie  first  was  the  last,  and  the  last  was  the  first."  * 
Henry  T.  Riley. 

The  Queen's  Case  Stated.  — What  are  the  words 
in  full  of  some  verses  bearing  this  title,  published 
about  the  year  1820  ?     Some  of  the  lines  were  — 

"  C  was  a  Copley  with  aquiline  beak, 
D  was  a  Denmaa  who  quoted  some  Greek, 

M  was  Majocchi,  who  swore  in  November, 
N  was  the  Nothing  that  he  could  remember. 

T  was  the  Truth  if  we  could  but  get  at  it" 

Uneda. 
Philadelphia. 

November  Nights.  —  In  the  London  Magazine 
for  December,  1825,  a  work  entitled  November 
Nights,  by  the  author  of  Warreniana,  is  announced 
as  "  projected."     Was  it  ever  published  ? 

Uneda. 

Philadelphia. 

Preexistence.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers  men- 
tion a  work  or  works  in  which  this  fanciful  doc- 
trine is  upheld?  I  am  aware  that  it  was  a 
favourite  notion  of  the  poet  Shelley.  Some  years 
ago  I  read  a  paper  in,  I  think,  Fraser  on  the 
subject ;  but  I  have  since  lost  all  clue  to  it.  Any 
further  particulars  on  this  subject  would  be  in- 
teresting. Henry  T.  Riley. 

"  Instructions  for  Lent."  —  I  picked  up  in  this 
parish  not  long  since  a  little  book  of  Instructions 
for  Lent,  with  Meditations  for  every  Day,  founded 
on  some  verses  of  Scripture  that  apparently  occur 
in  the  daily  services.  It  is  evidently  the  work  of 
a  Roman  Catholic,  who,  however,  in  the  preface 
highly  approves  and  recommends  Bishop  Gun- 
ning's well-known  treatise.  The  whole  is  of  a 
very  practical  character,  and  contains  but  little 
that  is  distinctively  Roman.  The  title-page  is 
gone,  but  it  would  seem  to  have  been  printed 
sometime  in  the  last  century.  Who  was  the 
author  ?  E.  H.A. 

Gateshead. 

Lollard.  —  In  Pulleyn's  Etymological  Compen- 
dium (third  edit,  revised  and  improved  by  M.  A. 
Thorns)  I  find  it  stated  that  the  term  Lollard  is 
derived  from  a  Waldensian  pastor  of  that  name, 
who  was  burnt  alive  at  Cologne  in  1322.  No 
notice,  however,  is  taken  of  two  other  derivations 
which  I  have  met  with,  and  respecting  which  I 
should  be  glad  to  know  through  your  columns 

*  Meaning  the  spokes  of  a  wheel. 


330 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  43.,  Oct.  25.  '56. 


whether  any  -well-founded  authority  exists.  Some 
persons,  I  am  told,  derive  the  name  from  lolium, 
darnel,  or  tares,  the  Lollards  being  represented  as 
the  tares  which,  in  parabolical  language,  the  enemy 
had  sown  among  the  Lord's  husbandry.  The  other 
conjecture  is  that  the  name  was  derived  from  the 
old  German  word  lollen  (Anglice,  lull),  meaning 
to  sing,  and  that  the  followers  of  Wickliffe  were 
thus  denominated,  because  they  were  contmually 
engaged  in  singing  hymns.  N.  L.  T. 

Culme  Family  of  Devonshire.  —  Can  any  one 
give  me  some  information  respecting  the  armorial 
beai-ings,  lineage,  and  history  of  the  Devonshire 
family  of  Culme  ?  Have  they  any  connexion  with 
the  Cullums  of  Suffolk  ?  X. 

Enstammt  or  Erslourt — This  name  occurs 
frequently  in  some  title-deeds  of  the  reign  of 
Elizabeth,  as  belonging  to  a  family  in  Radnor- 
shire. Can  any  of  your  correspondents  give  any 
information  respecting  persons  of  this  name,  either 
at  that  date,  or  later  ?  C.  C. 

Purseys  "  De  Morton^  —  Can  you  inform  me 
whether  the  following  piece  is  a  drama  or  a  novel  ? 
—  The  Tj-agedy  of  De  Morton,  by  Alfred  Pursey. 
8vo.,  1844.  K.  J. 

Nell  Gwynn.  —  Wading  through  a  fragment  of 
an  anonymous*  Diary,  written  possibly  about 
1666-7,  not  particularly  interesting  in  the  details, 
being  chiefly  memoranda  of  the  writer's  health, 
with  here  and  there  a  stray  piece  of  historical 
information,  I  lighted  upon  the  following  entries  : 

"  Nov.  22,  Thursday. 

Paid  M''  Aldworth  for  M"  Gwyn  xx"  sent  by 

Will. 

*  *  *  « 

«  Dec-  8,  Satterday. 

Sent  M--^  Gwyn  xx"  more. 

«  •  *  « 

««  Dec  24.    Ch.  Eve. 

W.  Aldworth  went  to  Standlake,  and  carried  M'" 
Gwj'nn  xx",  w<^''  made  up  Ix"  upon  Mich. 
Accompt.    .    .    ." 

Perhaps  Mr.  Peter  Cunningham,  or  some  other 
of  your  learned  readers,  might  be  enabled  to  de- 
termine whether  the  Mrs.  Gwyn  here  chronicled 
is  likely  to  be  identical  with  the  celebrated  mis- 
tress of  King  Charles  IL  The  date,  if  correct, 
would  allow  the  inference.  Cl.  Hopper. 

Scotch  Darien  Company  and  Equivalent  Com- 
pany.—  By  the  15th  article  of  the  Union  with 
Scotland,  the  sum;of  398,085Z.  10a\  was  to  be  ad- 

•  The  writer  was,  no  doubt,  a  member  of  the  legal 
profession ;  and,  apparently,  a  person  of  some  consequence, 
mixing  in  the  higher  ranks  of  societ}'.  Upon  one  of  the 
blank  pages,  I  find  scribbled  the  words  "  Thomas  Taylor;''^ 
but  whether  the  writer  or  owner  of  the  MS.,  or  other- 
wise, I  am  unable  farther  to  determine. 


vanced  by  England,  as  compensation  for  the 
losses  suffered  by  the  Scotch  Darien  Company  of 
1695-99. 

On  July  10,  1713,  the  sum  of  18,421Z.  10^.  lQ%d. 
was  voted  to  William  Paterson  for  "  his  expense, 
pains,  and  considerable  losses  in  the  service  of  the 
late  African  and  Indian  Company  of  Scotland." 

By  another  Act  of  Parliament,  interest  on  the 
above  sums  was  ordered  to  be  paid  to  a  company 
called  the  Equivalent  Company,  for  the  purpose 
of  being  distributed  amongst  the  losers  by  the 
failure  of  the  Darien  Colony. 

By  an  Act  of  Parliament,  passed  in  1850,  the 
whole  of  the  capital,  including  the  compensation 
to  Paterson,  was  ordered  to  be  paid  over  to  the 
Equivalent  Company  for  distribution  amongst  the 
descendants  of  the  original  shareholders. 

In  1853,  a  lineal  descendant  of  Wm.  Paterson, 
named  Rogerson,  came  over  from  St.  John's,  New 
Brunswick,  to  seek  the  sum  of  18,42H.  10.9.  lOftZ., 
as  Paterson's  most  direct  descendant ;  but  left, 
without  having  been  able  to  find  out,  either  in 
Edinburgh  or  London,  who  the  persons  consti- 
tuting the  Equivalent  Company  were.  Whilst  in 
London,  he  stopped  at  Sam's  Hotel,  802.  Strand. 

Can  any  of  your  readers  throw  any  light  on  the 
above  subject  ?  '  X.  Y.  Z, 


"  Gone  to  Jericho"  its  Oi-igin.  — 

"  One  of  Henry  VIII.'s  houses  of  pleasure  was  Jericho, 
in  Essex.  When  his  majesty  was  desirous  of  not  being 
disturbed,  the  answer  given  was,  that  he  had  gone  to 
Jericho,  in  other  words  that  he  was  not  at  home." 

Might  I  ask  if  the  above  is  a  correct  explana- 
tion of  the  origin  of  this  common  term  ?      W.  W. 
Malta. 

[Jericho  seems  to  be  used  by  Heywood  as  a  general 
term  for  a  place  of  concealment  or  banishment.  If  so 
(saj's  Nares)  it  explains  the  common  phrase  of  wishing  a 
person  at  Jericho,  without  sending  him  so  far  as  Pales- 
tine: 

"  Who  would  to  curbe  such  insolence,  I  know, 
Bid  such  j-oung  boyes  to  stay  in  Jericho 
Untill  their  beards  were  growne,  their  wits  more  staid." 
Hierarchic,  book  iv.  p.  208. 

]\Ir.  John  Gough  Nichols  in  the  Camden  Miscellany, 
vol.  iii.,  has  given  the  following  curious  note  on  this  word. 
Speaking  of  the  manor  of  Blackmore,  about  seven  miles 
from  Chelmsford,  he  says,  "  In  searching  the  patent  rolls 
of  Henry  VIII.  I  have  met  with  the  following  record 
relative  to  this  place.  It  proves  at  any  rate  that  the 
name  Jericho  existed  in  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.,  if  not 
before.  18  Feb.,  20  Hen.  VIII.  (1528-9).  Lease  by  the 
advice  of  John  Daunce,  knt.,  and  John  Hales  to  John 
Smyth  of  Blackamore,  Essex,  gent.,  of  the  site  and  man- 
sion of  the  manor  or  lordship  of  Blackamore,  and  the  rec- 
tory of  Blackamore,  with  all  demesne  lands,  &c.,  a  tene- 
ment called  Jerico."  (MS.  Calendar  of  the  Patent  Rolls.) 
The  local  tradition  is  noticed  bj'  Morant  (Hist,  of  Essex, 
1768,  vol.  ii.  p.  57.)    "  This  is  reported  to  have  been  one 


2nd  s.  N«  43.,  Oct.  25.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


331 


of  King  Henry  VIII.'s  houses  of  pleasure ;  and  disguised 
by  the  name  of  Jericho.  So  that  when  this  lascivious 
prince  liad  a  mind  to  be  lost  in  the  embraces  of  his  courte- 
sans, the  cant  word  among  the  courtiers  Avas,  that  '  He 
was  gone  to  Jericlio.'  "] 

"  Deuce  take  you.''  —  It  is  not  unlikely  that  the 
word  Deuce,  as  thus  used,  may  owe  its  origin  to 
the  name  of  the  Roman  general,  Claudius  Drusus, 
the  son  of  Livia,  and  step-son  of  Augustus. 

Albert  Mirseus,  in  his  Annales  Belgici  (Brussels, 
1624),  p.  9.,  says  that  the  name  of  Drusus,  after 
his  German  victories,  became  so  dreaded,  that 
even  "  at  the  present  day  it  is  used  in  the  impre- 
cation common  with  the  Flemings,  Dat  u  den 
Droes  hale,  'May  Druse  take  you.'  Drusus  te 
auferat  seu  aveJmt." 

We  find  that  a  similar  imprecation  is  still  in 
use  with  the  Germans  : 

"  The  misery  that  Drusus  must  have  occasioned  among 
the  German  tribes  was  undoubtedly  excessive.  Some  an- 
tiquaries have  imagined  that  the  German  imprecation, 
J)as  dich  der  Drus  hole,  may  be  traced  to  the  traditional 
dread  of  this  terrible  conqueror." —  Dr.  Smith's  Dictionary 
of  Ancient  Biography,  vol.  i.  p.  108G. 

Henry  T.  Rilet. 

[Junius,  in  his  Etymologicum,  gives  a  different  origin 
to  this  popular  imprecation:  "Deus  take  you,  Abi  in 
nialam  rem,  Diaboluste  abripiat.  Hue  facit,  quodlsidori 
glossis  legimus ;  Dusius,  daemon,  quod  itidem  auctori 
Gem.  gemm.  Dusius  exp.  daemon,  qui  homines  educit  h. 
sensu.  Etiam  Teuton.  Dusius,  J~>ie  duuel  die  de  luyde 
buten  Jinnes  of  toe  dode  brenght.  Imo  et  illud  Augustini, 
lib.  XV.  de  Civitate  Dei,  c.  23. :  '  Quosdam  da3mones,  quos 
Dusios  nuncupant  Galli,  banc  assidue  immunditiam  et 
tentare  et  efRcere,'  &c."  Sharon  Turner,  also,  farther 
informs  us,  that  "  Bede,  in  his  Commentary  on  Luke, 
mentions  demons  appearing  to  men  as  females,  and  to 
women  as  men,  whom,  he  says,  the  Gauls  call  Dusii,  the 
presumed  origin  of  our  word  deuce."  See  Dr.  Whitaker's 
learned  argument  for  deriving  this  imprecation  from  "  the 
goddess  nymph  of  the  Brigantes"  in  his  Cathedral  of 
Cornwall,  vol.  i.  pp.  345 — 347.] 

Lloyd  Arms.  —  To  which  family  of  the  Lloyds 
do  the  following  armorial  bearings  belong  ?  and 
how  can  I  find  out  inhy  they  were  granted  ? 

Arms,  Argent,  a  griffin,  segreant,  vert. 

Crest,  Out  of  a  ducal  coronet,  or,  a  cock's  head 
between  two  wings,  gules,  combed,  beaked,  and 
wattled  of  the  first. 

Granted  a.d.  1578.  N.  E.  P. 

[We  have  not  seen  any  authority  bej'ond  Edmond- 
son  for  the  arms  blazoned  by  our  correspondent.  He 
says  they  were  borne  by  Lloyd  of  J^ondon  and  Wales. 
There  is  no  family  of  Lloyd  in  the  Visitation  of  London, 
A.D.  15G8,  nor  in  the  subsequent  one  of  1634.  In  the 
Visitation  of  London  in  1687  the  arms  of  Lloyd  are  quite 
different,  being  four  stags.] 

Omission  of  f  in  the  Marginal  References  of  the 
Oxford  Bible.  —  I  find,  on  examination,  that  the 
letter  f  has  been  uniformly,  and  therefore  it 
would  seem  designedly,  omitted  in  the  marginal 
references  of  the  Old  and  New  Testament,  which 


bears  the  date  1851  on  its  title-page ;  printed  at 
the  University  Press,  Oxford,  for  the  S.  P.  C.  K. 
The  Book  of  Common  Prayer  is  bound  up  to- 
gether with  the  copy  to  which  I  refer  (y.y.y. 
Pearl  8vo.).  Can  any  one  give  the  reason  for 
this  omission  ?  BoEOTicus. 

Tonbridge. 

[The  italic  letters /and/,  being  what  are  technically 
called  kerned  letters,  or  such  as  have  part  of  tiieir  face 
hanging  over  one  or  both  sides  of  their  shanks,  are  very 
liable  to  lose  their  tails  whilst  subject  to  the  pressure  of 
machine  work.  Hence  they  are  frequently  omitted  as 
reference  letters  in  marginal  notes  of  the  Bible  and  law 
works.] 

Fast  in  1640.  —  In  the  churchwardens'  book  of 
this  parish  I  find  an  entry  in  the  above  year  as 
follows  : 

£  s.  d. 
"  Item.  P"!  for  a  booke  against  the  fast      -     0  2  0." 

What  fast  was  this  ?  Alfred  T.  Lee. 

Tetburj',  Gloucestershire. 

[lu  Toone's  Chronological  Historian,  under  Nov.  12, 
1640,  we  read  that  "  the  Commons,  in  concurrence  with 
the  Lords,  moved  the  King  for  a  fast,  which  was  ap- 
pointed and  held.  Dr.  Cornelius  Burgess  and  Stephen 
Marshall  preached  on  that  day  before  the  House  of  Com- 
mons, and  preached  and  prayed  seven  hours  betwixt 
them."] 

"  Comoedia  Sacra."  —  Some  time  ago  an  ancient 
"  comedy  "  in  Latin  fell  into  my  hands,  and  I  should 
be  much  obliged  by  any  dramatic  antiquary  giving 
me  an  account  of  its  author.  The  subject  is 
somewhat  remarkable,  inasmuch  as  it  refers  to  the 
history  of  Joseph  when  in  Egypt. 

The  following  is  a  copy  of  the  title  : 

"  Comoedia  Sacra,  cui  Titulus  Joseph,  ad  Christiana3 
juventutis  institutionem  iuxta  locos  inventionis,  vete- 
remq;  artem,  nunc  primum  et  scripta  et  edita  per  Cor. 
Crocum,  Amsterodami  ludimagistrum.  Ex  Genesios, 
cap.  xxxix.  xl.  et  xli.  Abstine  sus,  non  tibi  spiro. 
Colonise.  loannes  Gvmnicus  excudebat.  Anno  MDXxxvir. 
12mo." 

Master  Crocus  dedicates  the  production  to 
Martin  Niven  of  Amsterdam,  "  Virginum  Ger- 
trudensium  moderatori  meritissimo."  Query, 
who  was  Crocus,  and  what  sort  of  office  was  it 
held  by  his  patron  Martin  Niven  ?  The  drama 
in  which  Potiphar  and  Mrs.  Potiphar  appear  must 
surely  be  very  rare.  J.  M. 

[An  edition  of  this  work  was  published  during  the 
same  year  at  Strasbourg :  "  Excusuni  Argentinae,  in  asdi- 
bus  Jacobi  Jucundi.  Anno  m.d.xxxvii."  The  author, 
Cornelius  Crocus,  was  a  Jesuit  of  Amsterdam,  and  died  in 
the  year  1550.  He  published  a  Grammar  and  Colloquies 
to  supersede  in  the  schools  those  of  Melancthon  and 
Erasmus.  He  had  the  reputation  of  writing  with  great 
perspicuity ;  and  Adrian  Junius  gives  Father  Crocus  the 
commendation  of  having  successfully  imitated  the  polite- 
ness of  Terence  and  Tully.  For  some  account  of  him  and 
his  works,  see  Biographic  Universelle,  vol.  X.  p.  282.,  and 
Moreri,  Dictionnaire  jfistorique.^ 


333 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nds,  N<»43.,  Oct.  25. '56. 


Books  to  Public  Libraries. — In  Frederick  von 
Raunier's  England  in  183,5,  speaking  of  the  taxes 
on  literature,  he  says  (vol.  iii.  p.  58.)  : 

"  Eleven  copies  [of  every  new  work]  must  be  delivered 
to  libraries  which,  for  the  most  part,  are  not  open  to  the 
public.     *  *  *.  " 

Will  you  kindly  inform  me:  1.  Which  were 
the  eleven  libraries  that,  in  1835,  were  entitled  to 
a  copy  of  every  new  work?  and,  2.  Which  libra- 
ries at  the  present  day  enjoy  this  privilege  ? 

Vespeetilio. 

[In  1835,  the  libraries  claiming  copies  were  the  Uni- 
versities of  Oxford,  Cambridge,  Edinburgh,  Glasgow, 
Aberdeen,  St.  Andrews,  and  Trinity  College,  Dublin ;  the 
British  Museum,  Sion  College,  the  Faculty  of  Advocates, 
Edinburgh,  and  the  King's  Inns,  Dublin.  By  the  copy- 
right act,  5  &  6  Vict.,  c.  45.,  passed  July  1,  1842,  Jive 
copies  are  required  ;  four  to  be  delivered  to  the  officer  of 
the  Stationers'  Company,  and  one  direct  to  the  British 
Museum.  Or  the  publishers  may  deliver  the  copies  di- 
rest to  the  respective  libraries,  viz.  the  Bodleian,  the 
Public  Library  at  Cambridge,  the  Faculty  of  Advocates 
at  Edinburgh,  and  Trinity  College,  Dublin.] 


POEMS   IN   PKAISE    OF    TOBACCO. 

(2"'^  S.  i.  115.  182.  258.  320.  378.  504. ;  ii.  95.) 
The  following  very  clever  parodies  have  not 
been  mentioned  ;  A  Pipe  of  Tobacco,  in  imitation 
of  Six  several  Authors,  by  Hawkins  Browne,  Esq. 
They  are  published  in  the  Oxford  Sausage,  and 
are  in  imitation  of  Gibber,  A.  Phillips,  Thomson, 
Young,  Pope,  and  Swift.  They  richly  deserve 
the  honours  of  full  quotation  in  any  work  devoted 
to  the  praise  of  tobacco,  and  are  parodies  as  clever 
and  close  as  any  in  the  Rejected  Addresses. 
Witness  the  following  lines,  in  "  imitation  of  Mr. 
A.  Phillips : " 

"  Little  tube  of  mighty  pow'r, 
Charmer  of  an  idle  hour, 
Object  of  my  warm  desire, 
Life  of  wax,  and  eye  of  fire ; 
And  thy  snowy  taper  waist. 
With  my  finger  gently  brac'd ; 
And  thy  pretty  swelling  crest, 
With  my  little  stopper  prest. 
And  the  sweetest  bliss  of  blisses. 
Breathing  from  thy  balmy  kisses. 
Happy  thrice,  and  thrice  agen, 
Happiest  he  of  happy  men ; 
Who  when  agen  the  night  returns. 
When  agen  the  taper  burns ; 
When  agen  the  cricket's  gay, 
(Little  cricket,  full  of  play) 
Can  afford  his  tube  to  feed 
With  the  fragrant  Indian  Weed : 
Pleasure  for  a  nose  divine, 
Incense  of  the  God  of  Wine. 
Happy  thrice,  and  thrice  agen, 
Happiest  he  of  happy  men." 

(I  quote  from  the  original  edition  of  the  Oxford 
Sausage,  which  is  without  a  date ;  and  I  would 


here  inquire  if  the  book  was  first  published  in 
1772,  or  when.*)  Nor  should  some  modern  Ox- 
ford parodies  on  this  subject  be  forgotten  ;  viz. 
the  two  (.to  the  airs  of  "  Love  Not,"  and  "  The 
last  Rose  of  Summer  ")  printed  in  Hints  to  Fresh- 
men ;  they  are  clever  enough  to  deserve  quotation. 
John  Phillips  must  also  be  remembered  for  his 
oft-repeated  poetical  praises  of  tobacco  ;  for  which 
see  particularly  the  passage  in  The  Splendid  Shil' 
ling,  commencing,  — 

"  or  from  tube  as  black 

As  winter- chimney,  or  well-polish'd  jet," 

and  the  lines  in  his  poem  on  Cider : 

"  To  sage  experience  we  owe 
The  Indian  weed  unknown  to  ancient  times, 
Nature's  choice  gift,  whose  acrimonious  fume 
Extracts  superfluous  juices,  and  refines 
The  blood  distemper'd  from  its  noxious  salts ; 
Friend  to  the  spirits,  wliich  with  vapours  bland 
It  gently  mitigates;  companion  fit 
Of  pleasantry  and  wine ;  nor  to  the  bards 
Unfriendly,  when  they  to  the  vocal  shell 
Warble  melodious  their  well-labour'd  songs." 

Perhaps  the  most  whimsical  poetical  praise  of 
tobacco  is  to  be  found  in  Charles  Lamb's  Farewell 
to  Tobacco,  wherein  condemnation  is  so  humorously 
and  iancifuUy  mingled  with  praise.  The  poem 
(of  146  lines)  is  too  long  to  be  given  here  ;  those 
who  have  it  not  within  reach  can  divine  its  nature 
from  the  following  extract : 

"  Scent  to  match  thy  rich  perfume 
Chemic  art  did  ne'er  presume ; 
Through  her  quaint  alembic  strain. 
None  so  sovreign  to  the  brain : 
Nature,  that  did  in  thee  excel. 
Framed  again  no  second  smell. 
Roses,  violets,  but  toys 
For  the  smaller  sort  of  boys, 
Or  for  greener  damsels  meant ; 
Thou  art  the  only  manly  scent. 

Stinking'st  of  the  stinking  kind. 
Filth  of  the  mouth,  and  fog  of  the  mind, 
Africa,  that  brags  her  foison. 
Breeds  no  such  prodigious  poison  ; 
Henbane,  nightshade,  both  together, 
Hemlock,  aconite  — 

Nay,  rather. 
Plant  divine,  of  rarest  virtue ; 
Blisters  on  the  tongue  would  hurt  you. 
'Twas  but  in  a  sort  I  blamed  thee ; 
None  e'er  prosper'd  who  defam'd  thee." 

See  also  on  this  subject  Byron's  praise  of  to- 
bacco : 

"  Sublime  tobacco !  which  from  east  to  west, 
Cheers  the  Tar's  labour,  or  the  Turkman's  rest,"  &c. 
The  Island,  Canto  ii.  xix. 

In  the  notes  to  this  passage  (Murray's  octavo 
ed.  p.  168.)  Dr.  Johnson  is  made  to  say  : 

"  Smoking  has  gone  out.  To  be  sure,  it  is  a  shocking 
thing,  blowing  smoke    out  of   our  mouths  into  other 


*  Isaac  Hawkins  Browne,  the  author  of  these  six  paro- 
dies, was  born  in  1705,  and  died  in  1760,  — C.  B. 


2nd  s.  No  43.,  Oct.  25.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


33a 


people's  mouths,  eyes,  and  noses,  and  having  the  same 
thing  done  to  lis.  Yet  I  cannot  account  why  a  thing 
which  requires  so  little  exertion,  and  yet  preserves  the 
mind  from  total  vacuity,  should  have  gone  out." 

Did  not  Dr.  Johnson  also  remiirk  that,  since  the 
disuse  of  smoking  by  the  better  sort  of  people, 
suicides  had  been  more  frequent  than  before  ? 

Crabbe  has  given  a  very  happy  description  of 
"  A  Smoker's  Club,"  in  The  Borough,  Letter  x. 

In  the  audi  alteram  partem  division  of  the  sub- 
ject, Cowper's  denunciation  of  the  "pernicious 
weed  "  must  find  a  place.     Cuthbekt  Bede,  B.A. 


Among  the  works  in  praise  or  dispraise  of 
tobacco,  your  correspondent  has  omitted  to  men- 
tion "Tobacco  batter'd  and  the  Pipes  shatter'd,"  by 
Joshua  Sylvester ;  and  to  be  found  in  tlie  same 
small  folio  with  his  translation  of  Du  Bartas. 
Does  he  know  also  of  Dr.  Giles  Everard's  Panacea, 
or  Wonderful  Virtues  of  Tobacco,  1658  ? 

Henhy  T.  RiLEr. 


"  TUB   LADIES    CABINET    OPENED. 

(2"*^  S.  ii.  261.) 

In  reply  to  a  Query  of  your  correspondent 
John  Bruce,  I  subjoin  a  copy  of  the  title-page  of 
a  copy  of  this  work  in  my  possession  : 

"The  Ladies  Cabinet  Opened:  Wherein  is  found 
hidden  aeverall  Experiments  in  Preserving  jmd  Con- 
serving, Physicke,  and  Surgery,  Cookery,  and  Hnswifery. 
London,  Printed  by  M.  P.  for  Richard  Meighen,  next  to 
the  Middle  Temple  in  Fleetstreet.     1639.    4to." 

This  copy  appears  to  be  quite  perfect,  but  has 
no  prefatory  address,  the  work  itself  commencing 
on  the  next  leaf  to  the  title-page  ;  the  first  thing 
described  in  the  Cabinet  being  "A  Lemmon 
Sallet."  The  recipe  for  "  Oil  of  Swallows  "  ap- 
pears on  page  19.- 

Another  book,  much  in  the  same  style,  seems  to 
have  been  very  popular  in  its  time.  Tlie  title  of 
a  copy  before  me  runs  thus  : 

"The  Queen's  Closet  Opened.  Comprehending 
several  hundreds  of  Experienced  Receipts,  and  Incompa- 
rable Secrets,  in  Physick,  Chyrurgery,  Preserving,  Can- 
dying, Cooker}',  &c.,  which  were  presented  to  the  Queen 
by  the  most  Eminent  Doctors  in  Physick,  Chyrurgions, 
Oculists,  and  divers  Persons  of  Honour,  whose  names  are 
all  fixed  to  their  Receipts,  many  whereof  were  had  in 
Esteem,  when  She  pleased  to  Descend  to  Private  Recrea- 
tions. Containing  L  The  Quekn's  Physical  Cabinet, 
or  excellent  Receipts  in  Ph3'sick,  Chj'rurgery,  &c.  2. 
Tiin  Queen's  Delight,  or  the  Art  of  Preserving,  Con- 
serving, Candying;  As  also.  A  Right  Knowledge  of 
making  Perfumes  and  Distilling  the  most  Excellent 
Waters.  3.  The  Compleat  Cook;  or  Directions  for 
Dressing  all  sorts  of  Flesh,  Fowl,  and  Fish,  Ordering  of 
Sauces,  and  making  of  Pastry,  according  to  the  English, 
French,  Spanish,  and  Italian  Mode.  The  last  Edition 
Corrected  and  Enlarged  with  many  New  and  Late  Ad- 
ditions,   London,  Printed  for  Benjamin  Crayle  at  the 


Lamb  in  Fleetstreet,  next  White-Fryers  Gate.  1684. 
12mo." 

There  is  a  dedication  "  To  the  Ingenious  and 
Courteous  Reader,"  signed  "  W.  M."  Let  us 
take  a  specimen  of  the  medical  practice  of  this 
work  :  "  A  Medicine  for  the  Plague  which  the 
Lord  Mayor  had  from  the  Queen  :  " 

"  Take  of  Sage,  Elder,  and  red  Bramble  leaves,  of  each 
one  little  handful ;  stamp  them  and  strain  them  together 
through  a  cloath  with  a  quart  of  White-wine ;  then  take 
a  quantity  of  White-wine-vinegar,  and  mingle  them  to- 
gether; and  drink  thereof  morning  and  night  a  spoonful 
at  a  time,  nine  days  together  and  you  shall  be  whole. 
There  is  no  medicine  more  excellent  than  this,  when  the 
sore  doth  appeare,  then  to  take  a  Cock-chick  and  pull  it ; 
and  let  the  Rump  be  bare,  and  hold  the  Rump  of  the  said 
Chick  to  the  sore,  and  it  will  gape  and  labour  for  life,  and 
in  the  end  die ;  then  take  another,  and  the  third,  and  so 
long  as  any  one  so  dye ;  for  when  the  Poyson  is  quite 
drawn  out  the  Chick  will  live,  the  sore  presentl}'  will  as- 
swage  and  the  party  recover.  Mr.  Winlour  proved  thia 
upon  one  of  his  own  children ;  the  thirteenth  Chick 
dved,  the  fourteen  (stc)  lived,  and  the  party  cured."  — 
Page  29. 

Somewhat  earlier  than  the  period  of  the  above 
work  there  was  one,  apparently  popular,  having 
gone  through  many  editions,  boasting  for  its  au- 
thor or  gatherer  no  less  a  personage  than  a 
"  Master  of  Art,"  of  Oxford.  I  will  give  a  part  of 
the  title  : 

"A  Right  Profitable  Booke,  for  all  Diseases,  called, 
The  Pathway  to  Health,  &c.  First  gathered  by  Peter 
Levens,  Master  of  Art  of  Oxford,  and  Student  in  Phvsicke 
and  Surgery,  and  now  newly  corrected  and  augmented. 
London,  Printed  bj'  John  Beale  for  Richard  Bird,  and  are 
to  be  sold  at  his  house  in  S.  Lawrence-lane,  at  the  signe 
of  the  Bible.     1632.    4to.    Black  letter." 

Let  the  ladies  hear  to  what  use  he  would  apply 
a  "  pure  blacke  cat." 

"  For  the  Lytargie  in  the  Head  in  the  hinder  part,  which 
maketh  it  for  to  shake. 

"  Take  a  pure  blacke  cat,  and  flea  her,  and  pull  out  her 
bowels,  and  picke  away  the  fat  from  the  guttes,  and  put 
them  into  the  body  againe,  and  fill  the  body  full  of 
musterdseede,  well  steeped  in  the  juice  of  Nep,  and  Sage, 
and  then  sow  the  body  up,  and  rost  it  upon  a  spit,  till  it 
be  so  dry  that  it  drop  no  more  moisture,  then  take  the 
dripping  that  commeth  therof,  and  put  it  in  bladders,  and 
when  you  will  occupy  it,  shave  the  Patient  in  the  neck, 
and  anoint  him  by  the  fire  in  the  joint  next  to  the  head, 
and  it  shall  help  the  grieved." 

You  have  "A  precious  water  for  the  sight  of 
the  eyes,"  "  used  by  King  Edward  the  sixt."  For 
this  preparation  various  herbs  are  to  be  mixed 
with  a  pint  of  good  white  wine,  three  spoonfuls  of 
hony,  and  "  five  spoonfuls  of  the  water  of  a  man- 
child  that  is  an  innocent." 

Much  in  the  same  style  is  The  English-Man's 
T7'easure,  by  Thomas  Vicary,  Sergeant  Chyrur- 
gion  to  King  Henry  VIII.,  &c.  &o.,  in  which  are 
given  forms  for  "  Water  of  Philosophers,"  "  A 
Water  that  will  make  one  to  see,  that  did  never 
see,"  "Doctor  Stevens  Water,"  "An  Ointment 


334 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s,  NO  43,,  Oct.  25.  '56. 


called  the  Gift,  of  God,"  "  To  make  a  Plalster  that 
Sir  William  Ferrinjrton  let  a  Squire  that  was  his 
Prisoner  goe  for,  quite  without  ransome,"  &c.  &c. 
I  will  only  mention  one  more  work  to  enlarge 
our  glimpse  at  the  medical  practice  of  former 
times,  and  this  is  Select  Observations  on  English 
Hodies  of  Eminent  Persons  in  desperate  Diseases, 
by  Mr.  John  Hall,  Physician,  who  married  Shak- 
speare's  daughter.  The  remedies  in  some  cases 
will  amuse  your  readers.     For  example  : 

"  John  Ernes  of  Alcester,  aged  15,  was  cured  of  p g 

in  bed  thus:  take  the  Windpipe  of  a  Cock  dried,  and 
made  into  powder,  and  with  Crocus  Martis  given  in  a 
rear  Egg  every  morning." 

"  Mrs.  Hall  of  Stratford,  my  Wife  *,  being  miserably 
tormented  with  the  cholick,  and  appointed  to  inject  a 
Pint  of  Sack,  made  hot.  This  presently  brought  forth  a 
great  deal  of  Wind,  and  freed  her  from'all  Pain." 

Tlie  case  of  "  Mr.  Drayton,  an  excellent  Poet, 
labouring  of  a  Tertian,"  is  given  ;  and  that  of 
"  Elizabeth  Hall,  my  only  Daughter,"  whom  he 
mentions  visiting  London  In  April,  1624,  and 
taking  cold  on  her  return  home  ;  Mr.  Queeny, 
Mrs.  Combs,  the  only  son  of  Mr.  Holy- oak  (which 
framed  the  Dictionary),  with  many  other  interest- 
incr  names,  and  singular  treatment  for  their  various 
ailments.  H.  B.,  F.R.C.S. 

Warwick, 


BLOOD   THAT   WILL   NOT    WASH    OUT. 

(2"'»  S.  i.  374.  419.  461.501.) 

All  arguments  on  this  subject,  pro  and  con,  are 
not  worth  a  rush,  which  are  founded  on  the  sup- 
posed fact  that  the  stain  on  the  floor  of  the  small 
dark  chamber  in  Holyrood  Palace  is  caused  by 
the  blood  of  David  Rizzio.  The  thing  was  always 
treated  as  a  hoax  by  Sir  Walter  Scott ;  and  he 
makes  it  the  foundation  of  a  very  pleasant  little 
anecdote,  in  the  introductory  chapter  to  the 
Second  Series  of  the  Chronicles  of  the  Canongate. 
Chambers  too,  and  there  can  scarcely  be  a  higher 
authority  on  such  a  point  as  this,  asserts  that  the 
statement  is  a  traditionary  absurdity  ;  since  the 
boards  are  comparatively  modern,  the  floor  which 
is  now  in  existence  not  having  been  laid  down 
till  long  after  the  murder  of  Rizzio.  The  old  floor 
was  worn  out ;  the  present  floor  supplies  its  place. 
How  the  stain  was  made  I  know  not.  I  do  not, 
for  a  moment,  believe  it  was  caused  by  the  blood 
of  a  human  being  ;  perhaps  by  the  blood  of  a  pig 
or  a  bullock,  very  likely  tiot  by  blood  at  all.  The 
show-apartments  at  Holyrood  are  a  perfect  mu- 
seum of  spurious  relics.  Not  long  ago  (perhaps  it 
is  the  case  to  this  day)  a  set  of  armour  was  ex- 
hibited as  having  been  used  by  Henry  Darnley, 
which  it  is  a  physical  impossibility  he  ever  could 
have  worn.     But  worse  than  this ;   there  was  a 


block  of  marble  which  was  stated  to  have  been 
the  seat  on  which  Mary  Queen  of  Scots  sat  at  her 
coronation,  —  an  event,  by  the  way,  which  took 
place  at  Stirling,  when  Mary  was  only  between 
eight  and  nine  months  old  :  this  same  block  having 
been  originally  Introduced  into  the  kitchen  at 
Hamilton  Palace  by  a  French  cook  for  the  pur- 
pose of  kneading  his  pastry  on  it ;  from  which 
place  it  was  subsequently  ejected  as  being  too 
cumbrous,  and  was  then  transported  to  Holyrood, 
when  it  was  at  once  unblushingly  dubbed  "  the 
coronation  stone  of  Queen  Mary." 

On  the  general  question  ;  I  do  not  believe  that 
stains  made  by  human  blood  will  not  wash  out 
solely  and  expressly  because  they  are  made  by 
human  blood.  Spill  the  blood  of  a  man  or  a  pig 
on  soft  wood,  or  porous  stone,  and  in  a  very  few 
hours  it  will  sink  so  deeply  in,  that  nothing  but  a 
plane  or  a  chisel  can  eradicate  the  stain  ;  but  spill 
the  blood  on  close-grained  wood  or  hard  stone, 
and,  even  if  it  Is  allowed  to  remain  there  for  some 
time,  the  stain  will  wash  clean  out  at  once,  whether 
it  is  caused  by  the  blood  of  a  man  or  a  pig. 

Henby  Kensington. 


*  Susanna  Shakspeare. 


"  GOD    SAVE    the    KING." 

(2"'>  S.  ii.  96. 137.) 
A  serious  illness  has  prevented  my  earlier 
noticing  Db.  Rimbault's  remark  on  my  Note 
touching  the  real  composer  of  this  tune.  Since 
that  note  was  written,  Mr.  Richard  Clark  has 
been  gathered  to  his  fathers ;  and  Dr.  John  Bull's 
melody  will  probably  soon  pass  into  other  hands, 
and  appear  before  the  public  In  its  original  and 
authentic  shape.  Any  doubt  respecting  the  origin 
of  an  old  tune  may  be  fairly  considered  to  have 
arisen  from  the  fact  that  there  exists  no  authentic 
transcript  of  the  composer :  for  example,  had 
there  been  no  authentic  publication  of  the  canon 
tune,  composed  by  Tallis  for  Archbishop  Parker, 
who  could  have  believed  that  that  tune,  as  pub- 
lished in  modern  days,  was  a  tune  of  the  Tudor 
epoch?  Dr.  Crotch,  In  illustrating  the  church 
music  of  Thomas  Morley  of  1590,  committed  a 
very  grave  mistake  in  printing  any  music  of  that 
date  in  two-minim  time,  i.  e.  one  semibreve  in  the 
bar ;  for  no  such  time  was  then  known  in  the 
Church,  and,  as  a  consequence,  no  such  quick 
action  or  re-action  of  the  scale  then  existed.  My 
point  was  this  :  that  Dr.  Crotch  had  mistaken 
music  of  the  Georgian  period  for  music  of  the 
Tudor,  —  a  period  of  140  years.  Db.  Rimbault 
thereupon  comes  to  the  rescue  of  Dr.  Crotch,  and 
affirms  I  have  made  a  "  ludicrous  mistake,"  for  this 
period  was  in  fact  only  120  years ;  and  he  comes 
armed  with  proof — his  copy  of  the  Clieque-book 
of  the  Chapel  Royal.  He  says,  "you  describe 
William  Morley  of  1740,  whereas  he  died  nineteen 


2ud  s.  ]Njo  43.,  Oct.  25.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


335 


years  before,  in  1721."  It  so  happens,  I  knew 
Dr.  Rimbabi-t  had  this  copy  of  the  Cheque-book ; 
and  although  I  had  found  1740  affixed  to  William 
I\IorIe_y's  chant,  desiring  to  be  veiy  correct,  I  took 
the  pains  of  consulting  Dr.  Rimbault  himself 
In  his  biographical  notices  prefixed  to  his  pub- 
lished collection  of  chants,  Dr.  Rimbault  asserts, 
that  William  Morley  graduated  in  1715,  published 
some  songs  in  1720;  and  concludes -his  notice  in 
these  words  :  "  He  (i.  e.  William  Morley)  is  sup- 
posed to  have  died  about  1738."  Now,  .as  the 
Chapel  Royal  men  live  for  ever,  and  no  speculator 
in  reversions  can  ever  be  induced  to  touch  a  life 
insurance  from  such  a  quarter,  I  thought  1740  an 
early  date  for  this  man's  death,  and  trusted  im- 
plicitly to  Dr.  Rimbault.  In  matters  of  title- 
pages  and  verifications  of  dates,  I  have  been  in  the 
habit  always  of  trusting  Dr.  Rimbault.  I  have  not 
~  copied  the  Cheque-book :  I  should  as  soon  think 
of  copying  the  cheque-book  of  the  Royal  British 
Bank.  In  return  for  this  childlike  faith  of  mine  in 
Dr.  Rimbault's  statements  touching  title-pages 
and  dates,  he  comes  forward  and  declares  I  have 
blindly  fallen  into  the  ditch,  forgetting  that  he 
himself  led  me  there  :  for,  says  he,  William  Mor- 
ley died  about  1738.  This  is  Dr.  Rimbault's 
gratitude.  A  well-known  definition  of  gratitude 
makes  it  consist  in  "  a  lively  sense  of  favours  to 
come."  Dr.  Rimbault  will  never  more  have  an 
opportunity  of  thus  showing  his  gratitude,  for  I 
shall  never  more  place  any  reliance  on  either  his 
title-pages  or  his  dates.  I  notice  that  Dr.  Boyce 
prints  this  chant,  attributed  to  William  Morley, 
in  breves  and  semibreves.  Can  Dr.  Rimbault 
give  any  manuscript  authority  for  this  chant  of 
the  date  of  1720  ?  H.  J.  Gauntlett. 

8.  Powys  Place,  Oct.  14,  1856. 


^z^Xiti  ta  Minax  caucrfei. 

_  New  England  Queries  (2"^  S.  ii.  108.)  —  The 
highly  interesting  account  of  Virginia,  mentioned 
as  amongst  the  Birch  and  Sloane  MSS.,  was  pub- 
lished in  1849,  with  the  following  title : 

"The  Historie  of  Travaile  into  Virginia  Britannia; 
expressing  tlie  Cosmographie  and  Commodities  of  the 
Country,  together  with  the  Manners  and  Customes  of  the 
People.  Gathered  and  observed  as  well  by  those  who 
went  first  thither,  as  collected  by  William  Strachej',  Gent., 
the  first  Secretary  of  the  Coionv.  Now  first  edited  from 
the  Original  Manuscript  in  the  British  Museum,  by  R.  H. 
Major,  Esq.,  of  the  British  Museum.  London :  Printed 
for  the  Hakluvt  Society." 

Vox. 

The  Caramagnolles  (2""^  S.  ii.  269.)  —  One  of 
the  old  rebel  airs,  or  as  they  were  styled  "  Cara- 
magnolles," was  set  upon  the  church  bells  at  the 
old  cathedral  church  at  Chamounix,  which  was 
destroyed  iu  the  late  conflagration  there.    I  will 


be  happy  to  send  you  the  notation  of  the  air,  as 
I  took  it  down  carefully  on  hearing  the  chime. 
The  bells  were  only  chimed  on  the  eve  of  saints' 
days,  and  on  children's  funerals.  The  air  was  of  a 
light  character,  and,  on  questioning  the  propriety 
of  such  a  chime  on  the  solemn  occasion  of  a  fune- 
ral, the  peasants'  reply  was,  —  "We  are  rejoiced 
at  the  child's  going  to  Heaven!"  How  simple, 
how  beautiful !  Rex. 

Dublin. 

Tyzack  Family  (2"'i  S.  i.  271.)  —  In  Hodgson's 
Hist,  of  Northumberland,  it  is  stated,  so  far  as  I 
recollect,  that  this  family  was  of  Flemish  origin  ; 
and  that  the  founder  of  it  settled  in  Northumber- 
land or  Durham  in  the  reign  of  our  Edward  III. 
I  cannot  speak  positively,  as  I  have  not  the  book 
at  hand  for  reference.  Tyzack  Is  a  not  uncom- 
mon name  in  Northumberland,  and  it  is  not  im- 
probable that  this  family  may  have  Introduced  the 
glass  manufacture  on  the  banks  of  the  Tyne. 

Henry  T.  Riley. 

Hops  (2"''  S.  ii.  243.)  —  If  your  correspondent 
Mr.  Yeowell  will  look  Into  the  Northumberland 
Household  Book,  item  22,  he  will  find  frequent 
mention«»nade  of  "  Hopps,"  as  being  used  for 
brewing,  in  England,  in  the  year  1512;  and  I 
have  little  doubt  that  they  were  similarly  used 
some  years  before  that  period.  Another  version 
of  the  distich  quoted,  is  as  follows  : 

"  Hops,  pickerel,  and  beer, 
Came  into  England,  all  in  one  year  — 

meaning  the  year  1532.  It  is  not  Improbable 
that  it  was  in  this  year  that  beer,  i.  e.  malt  liquor 
hopped,  was  first  imported  from  abroad ;  and  that 
the  old  rhymer.  In  his  ignorance,  was  led  to  be- 
lieve that  this  was  the  period  also  of  our  first  ac- 
quaintance with  hops.  Henry  T.  Riley. 

G.  W.  J.  pronounces  me  wrong  in  concluding 
that  "  hope  tymbre  "  refers  to  hop  poles,  and  con- 
siders that  it  more  probably  refers  to  underwood  for 
making  hoops.  Why  ?  Were  "hoops"  rather  than 
"  hops  "  the  staple  commodity  of  Kent  ?     L.  B.  L. 

Showers  of  Wheat  (2"'»  S.  ii.  289.)  —  The  fol- 
lowing extract,  from  Mrs.  Loudon's  British  Wild 
Flowers  (p.  185.),  seems  sufficiently  to  account  for 
the  fall  of  seeds  like  wheat,  "  but  softer,  greener, 
and  mealier." 

"  The  seeds  of  ivy,  when  deprived  of  the  pulpy 
matter  which  surrounds  them,  bear  considerable  resem- 
blance to  grains  of  wheat ;  and  hence  the  numbers  whicli 
are  sometimes  fqjind  lying  about  are  supposed  to  have 
given  rise  to  the  stories  of  wheat  being  rained  from  the 
clouds,  which  were  once  so  popular." 

Eden  Wabwick. 

Birmingham. 

Clarence  :  Lady  Jane  Grey  (2"'^  S.  Ii.  221.  297.) 
—  The  story  related  of  Lady  Jane  Grey  by  M''' 


336 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  43.,  Oct.  25.  '56. 


H.  Moody,  on  Sir  0.  Mosley's  authority,  appears 
to  have  been  true  of  Mary  Queen  of  Scots.  Speak- 
ing of  the  Earl  of  Shewsbury's  expenses  at  Tut- 
bury,  ann.  1569,  Strype  says  : 

"In  this  castle  this  noble  Earl  had  Mary  Queen  of 
Scots  in  custody ;  which,  whatsoever  public  allowance  he 
had,  was  extraordinary  expensive  to  him.  And,  among 
other  things  provided,  the  wine  only  amounted  to  a  con- 
siderable charge ;  for,  when  she  bathed,  she  bathed  in 
wiyie,''  &c.  —  Annals  of  Reform.,  temp.  Eliz.  ch.  53. 

Probably  Mr.  Moody  wrote  "  Lady  Jane  Grey  " 
by  mistake.  J.  Sansom. 

"Par  terms  suppar"  (2"'^  S.  ii.  189.)— The 
title  of  Lord  Northwick  was  first  conferred  in 
1797,  when  the  union  of  Great  Britain  and  Ire- 
land was  in  contemplation.  Hence  a  motto  which 
should  imply,  "  Two  are  good,  but  three  are 
better,"  would  be  well-timed.  There  may  be  an 
allusion  to  Eccles.  iv.  12. : 

"  If  one  prevail  against  him,  two  shall  withstand  him ; 
and  a  threefold  cord  is  not  soon  broken." 

The  device  adopted  by  Louis  XIV,  a  sun,  with 
the  motto  "  Hec  pluribus  impar,"  alone  a  match 
for  all  the  world  in  arms,  will  occur  as  analogous. 

»    T.  C. 

Durham. 

Derweniwater  Family  (2""*  S.  i.  153.)  —  As  to 
the  heir  of  this  family,  I  can  say  nothing ;  but  I 
remember  being  pointed  out  in  the  North  of 
England,  a  short  time  since,  a  person  who  bears 
the  family  name,  and  is  generally  reputed  to  be  a 
descendant,  through  an  illegitimate  son,  of  the  un- 
fortunate Earl  of  Derwentwater.  I  have  little 
doubt,  that  there  are  several  other  persons,  simi- 
larly connected  with  him,  to  be  found  in  the 
neighbpurhood  of  North  or  South  Shields. 

Heney  T.  Riley. 

Illustrations  of  the  Simplon  (2°"^  S.  ii.  211.)  — 
The  work  inquired  for  by  H.  J.  is  probably  the 
very  beautiful  series  of  coloured  engravings  illus- 
trating the  passage  of  Mount  Simplon,  published, 
I  think  at  Geneva,  about  the  year  1815,  for  I 
purchased  it  there  in  1816.  The  author's  name, 
if  I  remember  rightly,  was  Lory.  The  work  I 
am  well  acquainted  with.  It  begins  with  the 
Borromean  Islands  in  the  Lake  Major,  and  gives 
a  series  of  views  accurately  drawn,  and  exquisitely 
coloured,  of  the  great  road  over  the  Simplon, 
ending  with  the  approach  to  Domo  D'Ossola.  It 
is  a  large  folio  volume.  F.  C.  H. 

"  Great  events  from  little  causes  spring"  (2"^  S. 

ii.  43.)  —  The  act  to  recharter  thS  first  bank  of 

the  United  States  was  defeated   by  the  casting 

\         vote  of  Vice-president  Clinton  (ex-officio  Presi- 

\     dent  of  the  Senate),  and  the  TariflT  Act  of  1846 

was  ordered  to  be  engrossed  by  the  casting  vote 

t-f  Vice-president  Dallas.  Bar-Point. 

Philadelphia. 


English  Pronunciation  of  Latin  (2"'*  S.  i.  151.) — 
Dr.  Russell,  of  the  Charterhouse,  lised  to  have  the 
credit  of  introducing  the  new  system  of  pronun- 
ciation here  spoken.  I  certainly  think  that  the 
eg-o,  of  this  system,  is  greatly  to  be  preferred  to 
the  ee-go  of  former  times.  A  scholar  who  accus- 
toms himself  to  it  will  be  less  likely  to  forget  his 
quantities.  Henry  T.  Riley. 

Gamage  Family  (2"'^  S.  ii.  48.)  —  After  the  con- 
quest of  Glamorganshire  by  Fitzhamon  and  his 
twelve  knights,  the  lordship  of  Coity  fell  to  the 
share  of  Sir  Paine  Turbeville,  and  in  process  of 
time  it  was  inherited,  in  default  of  male  heirs,  by 
Sir  William  Gamage,  whose  mother  was  fourth 
daughter  of  Sir  Richard  Turbeville.  Sir  W. 
Gamage's  grandfather  was  Sir  Robert  Gamage, 
son  of  Paine  Gamage,  lord  of  the  manor  of  Ro- 
giade,  in  the  co.  of  Monmouth. 

In  a  note  by  Sir  Samuel  Rush  Meyrick  to  his 
Heraldic  Visitations  of  Lewis  Dwnn,  vol.  i.  p.  219., 
he  says : 

"  Coity  is  a  parish  in  Glamorganshire,  near  the  town  of 
Bridgend.  There  still  exist  con.siderable  remains  of  the 
castle  which  belonged  to  Sir  Thos.  Gamage.  His  daughter 
Catherine,  by  Margaret  St.  John,  married  Sir  Thos. 
Stradling  of  St.  Donat's,  high  sheriff  for  Glamorganshire 
in  1548,  and  his  daughter  Margaret  became  the  second 
wife  of  William,  first  Lord  Howard  of  Effingham,  who 
died  1624." 

Probably  in  The  Stradling  Correspondence,  pub- 
lished by  Rev.  John  M.  Traherne,  further  par- 
ticulars may  be  found.  The  name  of  Gamage  is 
still  common  in  Glamorganshire,  especially  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  Coity.  C.  C. 

Custom  at  Dunchurch  Church  (2"'*  S.  ii.  266.)  — 
R.  W.  B.  asks  whether  the  custom  he  witnessed 
at  Dunchurch  was  practised  elsewhere.  I  dis- 
tinctly recollect  being  at  Acton  church,  in  Che- 
shire, nearly  twenty  years  ago,  and  seeing  the 
same  practised  there.  One  of  the  churchwardens, 
or  the  apparitor,  I  forget  which,  went  round  the 
church  during  service,  with  a  long  wand  in  his 
hand,  and  if  any  of'  the  congregation  were  asleep, 
they  were  instantly  awoke  by  a  tap  on  the  head* 
On  mentioning  it  to  a  friend  at  the  time,  I  was 
told  it  was  the  usual  custom.  I  cannot,  however, 
say  whether  it  is  still  practised.  G.  W.  N. 

The  Hollies,  Wilmslow. 

Enlightenment  (2"'*  S.  ii.  211.)  — A.  C.  M.  asks, 
"  What  objection  can  lexicographers  have  to  this 
word  ?  "  I  cannot  conceive  any.  Formations  in 
-ment,  -hood,  -ness,  Sj-c,  are  discretionary,  and  do 
not  require  the  authority  of  a  dictionary.  The 
word  enlightenment  is  new :  one  for  which  the  dic- 
tionaries referred  to  found  no  authority.  It  is 
now  in  common  use :  sanctioned  by  writers  well 
acquainted  with  the  mechanism  of  their  own  lan- 
guage.    I  have  two  examples  before  me :  one  in 


2nd  s.  No  43,,  Oct.  25.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


337 


this  month's  Fraser  (p.  448.),  by  the  writer  of 
an  infrenious  paper  "  On  Shakspeare  and  his 
County;"  and  the  other  in  the  hist  Edinburgh 
Review,  by  the  castigator  of  the  author  of  "  Per- 
version." 

Dr.  Hyde  Clarke  has  the  word  in  his  copious 
little  Dictionary.  Q. 

Bloomsbury. 

Howe,  Serjeant  at- Latv  (2"'*  S.  ii.  308.)  —  Allow 
me  to  refer  Tee  Bee  to  Dugdale's  Chronica 
Series  at  the  end  of  his  Origines  Juridiciales,  and 
to  Wynne's  Serjeanl-at-Laiv,  for  lists  of  the  Ser- 
jeants of  the  time  of  Henry  VIH.  There  he  will 
find  that  John  Roe  was  called  Serjeant  in  the  se- 
cond year  of  that  reign,  1510  ;  and  that  no  other 
of  the  name  received  the  degree  of  the  coif  during 
its  continuance.  The  Serjeant's  arguments  in 
court  are  reported  in  the  Year  Booh,  and  by  Dyer 
as  late  as  the  thirty- second  year,  1540.  His  name 
is  variously  spelled  in  the  Reports. 

This  is  the  John  Roo,  of  whom  it  is  narrated 
that  having  composed  a  "disguisyng"  in  his 
youth,  it  was  performed  twenty  years  after,  in 
Christinas,  1526,  at  Gray's  Inn  ;  and  that,  from  its 
supposed  political  tendency,  it  gave  such  offence 
to  Cardinal  Wolsey,  that  he  sent  the  author  to 
the  Fleet  Prison,  and  deprived  him  of  his  coif, 
and  rebuked  and  threatened  the  young  gentlemen 
who  acted  in  it.  By  means  of  friends,  however, 
the  cardinal  was  at  last  appeased,  and  the  Ser- 
jeant, being  delivered  from  his  incarceration,  was 
restored  to  his  legal  honours.  See  Hall's  Chro- 
nicle (1809),  p.  719.  Edward  Foss. 

Burial  in  Unconsecrated  Ground  (P'  S.  v.  320. 
&c.)  —  I  enclose  a  newspaper  cutting,  which  I 
have  just  lighted  upon,  and  cannot  find  that  any 
of  your  correspondents  on  this  subject  have 
hitherto  noticed  this  peculiarly  remarkable  case. 

"  The  following  eccentric  directions  for  his  funeral  are 
contained  in  the  will  of  the  late  Sir  Charles  Hastings, 
Bart.,  who  died  in  1823:  'I  desire  my  body  may  be 
opened  after  my  death,  and  buried  without  a  coffin,  upon 
the  Grove  Hill,  on  a  spot  marked  by  me,  wrapped  up  in 
either  woollen  or  oil-cloth,  or  any  such  perishable  ma- 
terials as  will  keep  my  body  together  until  deposited  in 
my  grave  by  six  of  my  most  deserving  poorest  labourers, 
to  whom  one  pound  each  will  be  given,  free  from  the 
legacj'  tax.  And  several  acorns  to  be  planted  over  my 
grave,  that  one  good  tree  may  be  chosen  and  preserved, 
and  that  I  may  have  the  satisfaction  of  knowing  that 
after  my  death  my  body  may  not  be  quite  useless,  but 
serve  to  rear  a  good  English  oak.  The  tree  to  be  weeded 
and  watered  by  the  established  gardener,  who  must  every 
now  and  then  be  rewarded  by  a  trifle.' " 

C.  W.  Bingham. 

Aneroid  (2°'*  S.  i.  114.)  — This  word,  I  believe, 
is  derived  from  &vev,  "  without,"  and  ^eto,  "  to  flow  :" 
because  the  instrument  acts  by  the  agency  of 
springs,  and  not  of  fluids, — such  as  spirits  of  wine 
or  mercury.  Henbt  T.  Riley. 


Priests'  Hiding-places  (2"*  S.  i.  488.,  &c.)  — 
Two  small  chambers  of  this  description  were  dis- 
covered a  few  years  since  in  the  roof  of  Har- 
boi'ough  Hall,  a  very  interesting  half-timber 
house  midway  between  Hagley  and  Kidderminster. 

CUTHBERT  BeDE,  B.A. 

Sir  Guy  the  Seeker  (2°'^  S.  ii.  289.)  —  This  poem, 
written  by  M.  G.  Lewis,  was  first  published  in  his 
Romantic  Tales,  4  vols.  1808.  It  is  reprinted  in 
Richardson's  Local  Historian's  Table  Book,  Le- 
gendary Division,  vol.  ii.  I  have  a  spare  copy  of 
it  printed  separate,  which  I  shall  be  glad  to  send 
to  R.  G.  if  he  will  favour  me  with  his  address. 

Wm.  Dodd. 

5.  Bigg  Market,  Newcastle. 

Horse-talk  (2"*  S.  i.  335.  395.  439.)  — I  am 
told  that  the  Dutch  boor  at  the  Cape,  after  loading 
his  beast  with  all  sorts  of  epithets  and  terms  of 
reproach,  usually  finishes  off  by  calling  him  an 
Arminian  !  —  a  curious  instance  of  the  extent  to 
which  the  odium  theologicum  may  be  allowed  to 
proceed.  E.  H.  A. 

Bow  or  Bay  Windows  (2"*  S.  ii.  174.)  —  The 
MS.  you  refer  to  contains  a  notice  of  other  bay 
windows  in  Henry  VII.'s  palace  at  Richmond. 
For  instance,  the  king's  chambers  are  described 
as  — 

"  Enhaunged  all  thre  w''  riche  and  costely  clothes  of 
Arras ;  celyd,  whightlymyd,  and  chekeryd,  as  the  closet 
was  before  discryvyd  w'  their  goodly  bay  windowes 
glasid  set  out." 

There  is  an  error  in  your  quotation  ;  the  ori- 
ginal speaks  of  "  riche  and  goodly  plate  of  gold 
and  of  silver  and  gilte,"  not  "  regllte." 

I  may  add  that  the  whole  MS.  is  printed  in  the 
second  volume  of  the  Antiquarian  Repertory  ;  but 
the  quotations  now  made  have  been  compared  by 
me  (by  the  kind  permission  of  one  of  the  officers) 
with  the  original  MS.  (1st  M.  13.  fo.  64  B.)  in  the 
College  of  Arms.  W.  C. 

Richmond. 

How  to  frighten  Dogs  (2""*  S.  ii.  278.)  —  The 
sudden  adoption  of  some  unusual  or  grotesque 
attitude  will  often  succeed  in  frightening  dogs  as 
well  as  other  fierce  animals.  Waterton  relates  his 
own  marvellous  escape  from  a  herd  of  buffaloes  in 
South  America  by  an  expedient  of  this  kind.  A 
man  still  living  related  to  me  an  adventure  of  his 
own,  which  may  be  useful  to  know.  He  had  to 
cross  a  narrow  bridge,  and  a  savage  dog  appeared 
at  the  other  end,  whom  it  seemed  impossible  to 
escape.  With  great  presence  of  mind  he  fixed 
his  eye  steadily  upon  the  dog,  and  gradually 
lowered  his  head  and  shortened  his  figure  by 
crouching  down  low  with  his  hands  on  his  knees. 
The  dog  stood  still,  and  seemed  astonished,  whe« 
the  man  began  stamping  hard  with  his  feet,  and  in 


338 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  43.,  Oct.  25,  '56. 


this  attitude  advanced  towards  the  dog,  making  all 
the  noise  he  could  with  his  feet ;  but  the  moment 
he  began  to  march  thus  beating  time,  the  dog 
turned  away  and  ran  off  in  a  perfect  fright. 

F.  C.  H. 

K.  Byfield  (2"^  S.  ii.  211.)  —  Nicholas  Bifield's 
son,  Adonirum,  republished  the  whole  of  his 
father's  treatises  in  a  12mo.  vol.  of  767  pages 
in  1628.  The  fifth  treatise  ends  at  p.  639.,  and  in 
the  following  page  he  makes  an  apology  why 
The  Principles  or  Patterne  of  Wholesome  Words 
is  not  produced.  On  the  very  next  page  he  gives 
the  title  of  the  missing  treatise  at  full  length,  as 
the  third  edition.  On  the  back  of  this  title  he  oddly 
enough  prints  the  following :  "  This  is  the  Title 
of  the  Treatise  mentioned  in  the  advertizement : 
The  Treatise  itself  ought  to  follow  in  this  place." 
The  next  page  (being  the  643rd)  commences  with 
the  last  treatise :  "  The  Cure  of  the  Feare  of  Death." 

The  omission  of  the  treatise  in  question  from 
this  edition  may  account  for  Adonirum  Byfield 
bringing  out  The  Principles,  or  The  Patterne  of 
Wholesome  Wo7'ds  (as  named  in  the  editor's  note) 
in  a  fifth  edition,  in  1634. 

Your  correspondent  Karl,  may  wish  to  know 
something  of  Nicholas  Byfield,  or  Bifield.  He 
was  born  in  Warwickshire,  and  educated  at  Exeter 
College,  Oxford.  He  preached  at  Chester  for 
seven  years,  from  whence  he  removed  to  Isle- 
worth,  in  Middlesex,  where  he  remained  until  his 
death  in  1622.  He  was  a  Calvinist,  and  a  very 
voluminous  writer.  In  Neal's  History  of  the 
Puritans,  it  is  stated  that  they  (the  Puritans)  lost 
an  eminent  practical  writer  and  preacher  about 
1622,  meaning  Nicholas  Byfield.  His  son,  Ado- 
nirum, was  one  of  the  heroes  in  Butler's  Hudihras. 
Gebvas  K.  Holmes. 

Count  Vilain  Quatorze  (2"'>  S.  i.  232.)  —Upon 
a  deputation  of  Bi-uxellois  waiting  upon  Louis 
XIV.  (shortly  after  the  bombardment  by  Marshal 
Luxembourg,  I  think,)  he  granted  M.  Vilain,  who 
was  at  the  head  of  the  deputation,  the  privilege  of 
thenceforth  calling  himself  "  Quatorze,"  in  com- 
pliment to  the  monarch.  The  story  is,  that  on 
learning  his  name,  the  king  made  an  aside  to  his 
attendants  :  "  Oui,  et  tres  vilain"  ("  Yes,  and  very 
ugly,")  making  a  pun  upon  the  name  as  reflecting 
upon  the  looks  of  the  owner.  This  is  how  I  have 
heard  the  story  told  at  Brussels  ;  but  some  of 
your  correspondents  who  have  it  fresher  in  their 
memories  may  be  able  to  tell  it  better. 

Henky  T.  Riley. 

St.  Peter's  Tribe  (1"  S.  x.  207. ;  2°'i  S.  ii.  299.)  — 
There  can  be  no  reasonable  doubt  that  St.  Peter 
was  of  the  tribe  of  Napthali,  since  he  lived  at 
Bethsaida,  situated  within  the  territory  of  that 
tribe  ;  and  one  of  an  occupation  so  humble  would 
lot  be  likely  to  have  removed  thither  from  any 
otW  tribe.  F.  C.  H. 


"  Pence  a  piece  "  (2"'^  S.  ii.  66.  118.  299.)  —  As 
an  expression  somewhat  analogous  to  this,  I  may 
mention  that  it  was  the  custom  of  an  eminent 
Scotch  professor,  who  flourished  towards  the  close 
of  the  eighteenth  century,  to  use  the  term,  "  a 
penny  money."  Thus,  "  What  did  you  give  the 
poor  beggar ?  "    "A  penny  money."  Vox. 

Fairies  (2"'>  S.  i.  393.;  ii.  119.)  — The  belief  in 
fairies  still?  exists  among  some  parts  of  the  rural 
population  of  this  county  (Somerset).  Being  in 
the  neighbourhood  of  Blagdon,  not  long  since, 
a  poor  woman  said  to  me,  pointing  to  a  hill, 
"that's  the  hill.  Sir,  where  the  fairies  come  to 
dance."     "  Indeed,"  said  I,  "  and  have  you  ever 

seen  them  dancing  there  ?,"     "No,  but and 

have  seen  them  there  lots  of  times,  and  I  can 

show  you  the  fairy  rings."  Vox. 

Sources  d'Eaux  at  Swia  (2"''  S.  ii.  218.)  — 
Mr.  Chabnock  having  inquired  of  me  whether 
the  extraordinary  "  sources  d'eaux "  at  Buda, 
described  by  La  Martinlere,  as  quoted  by  Wagen- 
seil,  are  still  in  existence,  I  note  his  Query  with- 
out being  able  to  afford  him  any  information, 
except  that  I  neither  saw,  nor  heard  of,  them. 
There  can,  however,  I  think,  be  but  little  doubt, 
presuming  the  learned  professor  has  given  the 
passage  correctly  in  his  Synops.  Geo.,  that  the 
author  of  the  JDictionnaire  Geographique  was  in 
error,  for  although  fish  are  often  found  in  water 
of  a  considerable  degree  of  temperature,  they 
cannot  ll'^e  in  "  eau  bouillante."  Fish  are  some- 
times thrown  up  by  the  boiling  springs  of  Iceland, 
but  they  are  always  dead.  John  A.  Boasb. 

Alvertoa  Vean,  Penzance. 

Medlars  introduced  into  England  (2"'^  S.  ii.  173.) 
—  This  fruit  is  mentioned  by  Chaucer  (Prologue 
to  Reves  Tale)  under  a  name  more  descriptive 
than  decent.  He  alludes,  moreover,  to  its  being 
eaten  in  a  state  of  decay  :  — 

"  That  ilke  fruit  is  ever  longer  the  wers, 
Till  it  be  roten  in  mullok  or  in  sire. 
We  olde  men,  I  drede,  so  fareu  we 
Till  we  be  roten  can  we  not  be  ripe." 

As  Bosworth,  in  his  Anglo-Saxon  Dictionary, 
gives  the  same  name  for  tbis  fruit,  it  was  evi- 
dently known  in  Anglo-Saxon  times.  I  have 
heard  it  so  called  by  old  men  in  Norfolk.  Tlie 
Reve  is  described  by  Chaucer  as  a  Norfolk 
man: 

"  Of  Norfolk  was  this  reve,  of  which  stell, 
Beside  a  toun  men  clepen  Baldeswell." 

And  more  than  one  instance  of  Norfolk  dialect 
may  be  found  in  his  language.  E.  G.  K. 

Twenty-four  Shares  (P'  S.  xii.  427.  ;  2""!  S.  i. 
159.)  —  Under  Spanish  mining  law  in  Old  Spain, 
Mexico,  and  South  America,  mines  are  divided  Into 
twenty-four  parts.  Kappa. 


2nd  s.  N*  43.,  Oct.  25.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


339 


The  Christian  Sodality:  or,  Catholic  Hive  of 
Bees  (P*  S.  xii.  469.)  —  The  late  Mr.  John  Gage- 
Rokewode,  in  his  History  of  Hcngrave,  p.  235., 
remarks  of  John,  youngest  son  ot"  John  Gage, 
Esq.,  of  Haling,  in  Croydon,  that  he  was  in  priest's 
orders,  and  said  to  be  the  author  of  the  above- 
named  book.  Will  J.  A.,  of  Norwich,  oblige  me 
by  saying  whether  the  preface  gives  any  indica- 
tion of  John  Gage  having  been  the  author  ? 

G.  Steinman  Steinman. 

Brewer's  Will  (2°^  S.  ii.  249.)  —  In  answer  to 
HuMiLis,  I  beg  to  inform  him,  that  there  was  a 
large  barrel  of  ale  stood  in  the  High  Street  of 
Hoddesdon,  Herts ;  with  an  iron  pot  chained  to 
a  post,  for  any  passer-by  to  drink.  It  was  the 
bequest  of  a  brewer  in  the  town  of  Hoddesdon, 
named  Christian  Catherow.  Some  time  after  his 
decease,  it  was  a  cask  of  good  ale,  then  it  got  to 
table  beer,  and,  at  last,  done  away  with  altogether, 
now  about  fifteen  years  ;  from  what  cause  I  cannot 
say.  Wm.  Spooneb. 

Stamford  Hill. 

The  direction  to  keep  a  cask  of  ale  on  the 
public  road  for  the  free  use  of  all  travellers  is 
still  attended  to  at  Rickmersworth.  The  cask  is 
placed  every  morning  at  the  foot  of  the  hill  lead- 
ing out  of  that  town,  on  the  road  to  Watford. 

John  G.  Morten. 

Hour-glass  in  the  Pulpit,  and  Hugh  Peters  (2""^ 
S.  i.  204.)  —  Your  correspondent  T.  H.  P.  is  mis- 
taken in  his  suggestion,  that  this  picture  is  a  "new 
antiquity,"  and  dates  with  the  reprint  of  the  Tales, 
Sj-c,  1807.  The  original  print,  of  which  this  is  a 
correct  copy,  is  to  be  found  prefixed  to  the  Life 
of  Hugh  Peters,  by  Dr.  Young,  1663. 

•   Henry  T.  Rilet. 

Can  Fish  he  tamed  ?  (2"'*  S.  ii.  173.  235.  297.)— 
That  fish  can  be  rendered  sufficiently  tame  to 
come  when  called,  and  to  follow  their  owner 
round  the  pond's  edge  in  expectation  of  food,  is 
so  well  known  as  scarcely  to  deserve  a  Note  :  but 
as  it  seems  to  interest  some  of  your  correspon- 
dents, I  may  state  from  personal  observation,  that 
sticklebacks  and  minnows,  in  a  vivarium,  will 
come  when  I  tap  on  the  glass,  and  rise  to  take  a 
worm  out  of  my  fingers.  Eden  Warwick. 

Birmingham. 

William  Dunlap  (2"'^  S.  ii.  129.)  — -  The  date  of 
Mr.  Dunlap's  death  was  September  28,  1839.  An 
account  of  his  life,  with  some  extracts  from  his 
writings,  may  be  found  in  Duyckinck's  Cyclopcedia 
of  American  Literature,  vol.  i.  Uneda. 

Philadelphia. 

O' Kelly, ^  the  Irish  Bard  (2"'^  S.  ii.  239.)— Add 
to  the  notices  of  this  worthy,  that  in  Lockhart's 
Life  of  Scott  (p.  562.  cap.  Ixiii.,  People's  edit.) 

P,  J.  F.  Gantillon. 


Christian  Names  (2"^  S.  i.  29.)  —  The  letters 
between  the  first  names  and  the  surnames  are  the 
initials  of  the  middle  names,  thus:  George  W. 
Jones  means  George  Washington  Jones  ;  David  * 
P.  Brown  means  David  Paul  Brown,  or  David 
Peacock  Brown.  Is  this  abbreviation  unknown 
in  England  Jind  peculiar  to  the  United  States  ? 

J.  H.  Chateaxt. 

St.  Louis,  Mo. 

"  Like  Madame  HasseVs  Feast""  (2"''  S.  i.  313.) 

—  This  proverb  is  changed  only  in  name  in  Ire- 
land. In  Dublin  I  have  heard  it  repeated  when 
there  was  but  a  spare  dinner,  and  was  informed 
that  it  originated  at  the  table  of  a  Mrs.  Casely, 
who  kept  a  boarding-house  in  Mountjoy  Square. 
In  helping  the  last  morsel  from  the  joint,  or 
spoonful  from  her  spare  dish,  she  was  accustomed 
to  say,  "Well,  I  declare;  just  enough  and  none 
to  spare,"  as  a  sort  of  gentle  hint  to  a  half-filled 
stomach  not  to  crave  for  more.      George  Lloyd. 

Beats  of  the  Drum  (2"'^  S.  i.  94.)  —  One  version 
of  the  retreat  here  mentioned  is  — 

"  Beat  up  a  larum,  and  go  to  hed  Tom." 

Henry  T.  Riley. 
"  Standing  in  another's  Shoes  "  (2"''  S.  ii.  187.) 

—  Reputed  conversation  of  the  Queen  (Anne 
Boleyn)  Avith  Norris,  vide  Froude's  Histoi'y  of 
England,  vol.  ii.  467. : 

" '  Marr3','  the  Queen  said,  '  I  bade  him  do  so,  for  I 
asked  him  why  he  went  not  through  with  his  marriage ; 
and  he  made  answer  that  he  would  tarry  a  time.  Then  1 
said,  you  look  for  dead  merits  shoes,  for  if  aught  come  to  the 
king  but  good,  you  would  look  to  have  me.  And  he  said 
if  he  should  have  any  such  thought,  he  would  his  head 
were  off.  And  then  she  said  she  could  undo  him  if  she 
would.    And  therewith  they  fell  out." 

E.  H.  A. 

Symbols  of  Saints  (2"i  S.  ii.  288.)  —  The  female 
figure  described  by  Y.  B.  N.  J.  represents  St.  Ca- 
therine of  Sienna,  Virgin,  of  the  Order  of  St.  Do- 
minic, who  died  in  1380.  The  letters  J.  N.  R. 
are  intended  for  the  writing  over  the  cross,  Jesus 
Nazarenus  Rex  Judceorum,  the  last  letter  J.  being 
probably  concealed  by  the  flowers.  There  is  a 
painting  by  Murillo  of  St.  Rose  of  Lima,  some- 
what resembling  this,  as  the  saint  is  crowned  with 
thorns,  but  she  holds  a  rose,  on  which  is  the  figure 
of  our  Blessed  Saviour.  A  useful  work  for  con- 
sultation on  these  subjects  is  the  Emblems  of 
Saints,  by  which  they  are  distinguished  in  Works  of 
Art,  published  by  Burns  and  Lambert.      F.  C.  H. 

Fagot,  in  the  Sense  of  Food  (2"''  S.  i.  147.)  — 
These  balls  of  savoury  meat  (not  ofFal)  are  to  be 
seen  in  all  the  shops  for  the  sale  of  comestibles  in 
Brussels.  The  envelope,  as  your  correspondent 
says,  is  caul  fat;  but,  unfortunately,  I  am  not 
acquainted  with  the  name  by  which  they  are 
known.  Henry  T.  Rilet. 


340 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  43.,  Oct.  25.  '56. 


MiiceVimxeaxii, 

NOTES    ON   BOOKS,    ETC. 

We  have  from  Messrs.  Chapman  and  Hall  a  volume 
entitled  Seven  Lectures  on  Shakspeare  and  Milton,  by 
the  late  S.  T.  Coleridge,  a  List  of  all  the  MS.  Einenda  ■ 
tions  in  Mr.  Collier's  Folio,  1632,  with  an  Introductory 
JPreface,  by  J.  Payne  Collier,  Esq.  Tlie  book,  we  have 
no  doubt,  will  be  received  with  great  satisfaction  both  bj^ 
the  admirers  of  the  "  old  man  eloquent,"  and  by  the 
lovers  of  Shakspeare  and  Milton.  It  will  be  received  also 
with  great  interest  by  the  friends  of  Mr.  Collier,  a  gen- 
tleman who  numbers  many  friends,  the  most  attached 
being  those  who  have  known  him  longest.  It  is  prin- 
cipally with  this,  so  to  speak,  personal  character  of  the 
book  that  we  ai'e  interested.  An  act  of  friendship  to  the 
editor  of  this  journal  (one  only  of  many  received  b}'  him 
from  Mr.  Collier),  namely,  the  communication  made  to 
"  N.  &  Q."  of  his  Notes  of  Coleridge's  Lectures  on  Shak- 
speare, was  made  the  ground  of  an  attack  upon  Mr.  Collier, 
so  far  beyond  the  limits  of  legitimate  criticism  that  he 
was  driven  to  apply  to  the  Court  of  Queen's  Bench  upon 
the  subject.  The  Lord  Chief  Justice  delivered  an  opinion 
highly  complimentary  to  Mr.  Collier.  He  thought  further 
proceedings  unnecessary,  on  the  ground  that  Mr.  Collier's 
character  was  above  suspicion.  The  pamphlet  containing 
the  charges  has  been  withdrawn  from  circulation.  It 
exists,  however,  and  future  bookworms  will  unearth  it ; 
and  it  is  well,  therefore,  that  there  should  be  in  the  hands 
of  the  literary  men  of  ages  to  come  so  satisfactory  an 
answer  to  it  as  that  contained  in  the  Introduction  to  the 
work  before  us.  How  glad  should  we  be  if  the  writer  of 
the  pamphlet  in  question  would  make  some  amends  to 
Mr.  Collier,  by  withdrawing  charges  which  he  must  now 
be  satisfied  were  unfounded,  and  so  prove  that  he  is  as 
ready  to  acknowledge  an  error  made  by  himself,  as  he  is 
sharp  and  acute  in  the  detection  of  those  committed  by 
others. 

The  New  Number  of  The  Quarterly  Review  opens  with 
a  very  able  article  on  Bacon's  Essays,  and  the  last  edition 
of  them  by  Archbishop  Whatel}',  which  is  followed  b}' 
others  of  a  varied  and  generally  amusing  character :  such 
as  those  on  the  JVew  Siographies  of  Montaigne,  Ancient 
Rome,  The  Nuns  of  Port  Royal.  There  will  be  found 
much  interesting  matter  in  that  on  the  Physiognomy  of 
the  Human  Race,  and  much  common  sense  in  that  on 
Church  Building.  With  the  political  articles  we  have 
nothing  to  do  here. 

We  are  glad  to  have  the  opportunity  of  directing  the 
attention  of  our  Norfolk  and  Suffolk  friends  to  a  work  of  no 
small  merit  from  the  pen  of  Mr.  C.  J.  Palmer  of  Yarmouth, 
The  History  of  Great  Yarmouth,  designed  as  a  Continua- 
tion of  Manship's  History  of  that  Town.  It  is  another 
valuable  addition  to  local  archaeology :  for  while  it  gives 
the  history  of  a  municipal  town  eminent  for  its  station,  it 
illustrates  the  general  history  of  the  empire,  and  shows 
the  influence  both  of  national  and  provincial  laws  and  cus- 
toms upon  society.  It  is  illustrated  with  engravings  of 
merchant-marks  and  tradesmen's  tokens;  of  some  very 
remarkable  bosses,  and  an  ancient  mural  painting  in 
Yarmouth  Church,  together  with  a  Photographic  copy  of 
King  John's  charter  to  the  borough,  to  which  we  have 
before  alluded. 

Books  Received.  —  A  Few  Hours  with  Scott,  being 
Sketches  in  the  way  of  Supplement  to  the  Two  Poems  of  The 
Lord  of  the  Isles  and  of  Rokeby.  Written  with  much 
feeling  and  taste,  and  a  strong  sense  of  Scott's  peculia- 
rities. 

The  Churches  of  Essex  architecturally  Described  and 
Illustrated,  by  George  Buclder.  Six  Parts  of  this  new 
contribution  to  Essex  Topography  are  now  issued.    The 


work  is  so  arranged  as  to  interest  both  the  architect  and 
the  antiquary. 

Scripture  Breviates,  arranged  for  Use  by  the  Bed  of 
Sickness.  By  the  Eev.  George  Arden.  This,  and  the 
following  works,  can  only  be  named  by  us :  — 

31.  Tullii  Ciceronis  Tuscularum  Bisputationum  Libri 
Quinqiic,  and  Short  Notes  to  the  Odes,  Epodes,  Satires, 
Epistles,  and  Ars  Poetica  of  Horace;  being  two  new 
Parts  of  Parker's  Pocket  Classics. 

The  Farm  of  Aplonga,  a  Story  for  Children  of  the  Times 
of  St.  Cyprian,  by  the  Rev.  J.  M.  Neale. 

Marvels  of  the  Globe,  Two  Lectures  on  the  Structure  and 
Physical  Aspects  of  the  Earth,  by  W.  Sidney  Gibson. 

Woman's  Life,  or  the  Trials  of  Caprice,  a  Novel,  bv 
Emilie  Carlen. 

The  Barber's  Shop,  by  R.  W.  Procter,  with  Illustrations 
by  W.  Morton.  Entirely  a  Manchester  production,  even 
to  the  woodcuts. 


BOOKS     AND     ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    PURCHASE. 

Marryat's  (Jos.)  History  OP  Pottery  AND  Porcelain.    8vo.    Murra}'. 
»**  Letters,  stating  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carrimja  free,  to  be 

sent  to  Mkssrs.  Bell    &   Daldy,  Publishers  of  "  NOTES  AND 

QUERIES,"  18G.  Fleet  Street. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose  : 

CoRLicisM  Displayed.    Ijondon.     12mo.     1718. 

The  Curliad.     12mo.    London,  1729. 

Key  to  the  Dunciad.    12mo.    London,  1729. 

Ditto  Ditto    Second  Edition.     1729. 

Ditto  Ditto    Third  Edition.       1729. 

Wanted  by  William  J.  Thorns,  Esg^..  25.  Holywell  Street,  Millbank, 
Westminster. 

Churchill.    3  Vols.    Aldine  Poets. 
Thomson.    2  Vols.  ditto. 

Shakspeare's  Poems.  ditto. 

Wanted  by  W.  F.  Graham,  32.  Richmond  Road,  Islington,  London. 

T-/EIOH  Hoivt's  Comic  Dramatists  of  the  Restoration. 
Christian  Retirement.    Fifth  Edition.    12mo.    1830.    Secley. 

Wanted  by  Charles  F.  Blackburn,  Bookseller,  Leamington. 

Hone's  Every  Day  Book  and  Table  Book.    Tegg.    1835.    Parts  G.  7. 

12,  13,  14,  \!>,  IG.  19.  22,  23,  24,  25,  2li.  27.  36,  37. 
Hone's  Year  Book.     Tegg.    Parts  8.  9.  11.  13. 

Wanted  by  Ji.  W.  Uachwood,  16.  Cottage  Grove,  Mile  End  Koad. 


fiaikti  ta  dLoxvei^mxtstnU, 

OxoNiENsis.    The  line 

"  Fine  by  degreea  and  beautifully  less  " 
is  from  Prior's  Henry  and  Emma;  and  the  other  quotation  inquire^  after 
is  from  Hamlet,  Act.  I.  Sc.  4. 

Sir  Edmund  Andros.  We  have  a  letter  for  our  Correspondent  C.  A., 
whose  article  appeared  in  "  N.  &  Q."  far  October  4.  Wher^  shall  we 
forward  it  f 

B.  N.  C.  (Oxford.)  The  S'otes  on  the  Carmina  Quadragesimalia  will 
be  verj/  acceptable. 

"Notes  and  Queribs"  is  puhlishe'l  at  noon  on  Friday,  so  that  the 
Country  Booksellers  mail  receive  Copies  in  that  night's  parcels,  and 
deliver  them  to  their  Subscribers  on  the  Saturdai/. 

Index  to  the  First  Series.  As  this  is  now  published,  and  the  im- 
pression is  a  limited  one,  such  of  our  readers  as  desire  copies  would  do 
well  to  intimate  their  wish  to  their  respective  booksellers  without  dela//. 
Our  publishers,  Messrs.  Bell  &  Daldv,  will  forward  copies  by  post  oa 
receipt  of  a  Post  Office  Order  for  Five  Shillings. 

"  Notes  and  Queries  "  is  also  issued  in  Monthly  Parts,  for  the  con- 
venience of  those  loho  may  either  have  a  difficulty  in  procuring  the  un- 
stamped weekly  Numbers,  or  prefer  receiving  it  monthly.  While  parlies 
resident  in  the  country  or  abroad,  who  may  be  desirous  of  receiving  the 
weekly  Numbers,  may  htive  stamped  copies  forwarded  direct  from  the 
Publisher.  The  subscription  for  the  stamped  edition  of  "  Notes  and 
Queries  "  (including  a  ven/  copious  Index)  is  eleven  shillings  and  four- 
pence  for  six  months,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order,  drawn  in 
favour  of  the  Publisher,  Mr.  George  Bjsll,  No.  186.  Fleet  Street. 


Sn-J  S.  No  44.,  Nov.  1.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


341 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  NOVEMBER  1. 1856. 


STRAY    NOTES    ON   EDMUND    CURIX,    HIS   LIFE,    AND 
PUBLICATIONS. 

No.  3.  —  Curll,  Pope,  and  the  "  Court  Poems''' 

The  year  1716  was  an  unlucky  year  for  Edmund 
Curll.  The  spring  of  it  witnessed  his  first  cfuarrel 
with  Pope :  and  in  the  autumn  — 

"  Himself  among  the  storied  chiefs  he  spies. 
As  from  the  blanket  high  in  air  he  flies," 

when  the  Westminster  scholars  avenged  them- 
selves upon  him  in  a  most  characteristic  manner 
for  misprinting  an  Oration  delivered  by  one  of 
their  body. 

Curll's  great  quarrel  with  Pope  originated  — 
at  least  as  fir  as  our  present  knov^Iedge  goes  — 
in  the  publication  of  The  Court  Poems.  These 
were  published  by  Roberts  in  March  1716,  with 
the  following  title  : 

"Court  Poems,  viz.  1.  The  Basset  Table,  an 
Eclogue.  2.  The  Drawing  Room.  3.  The  Toilet. 
Puhlished  faithfully  as  they  were  found  in  a  Pocket 
Book  taken  up  in  Westminster  Hall  the  last  day  of 
the  Lord  Wintons  Trial." 

The  book  contains  the  following  : 

"Advertisement  by  the  Bookseller. 

"  The  Reader  is  acquainted  from  the  Title  Page,  how 
I  came  possessed  of  the  following  Poems.  All  that  I 
have  to  add,  is,  only  a  word  or  two  concerning  their 
Author. 

"  Upon  reading  them  over  at  S*  James's  Coffee-  House, 
they  were  attributed  by  the  General  Voice  to  be  the  Pro- 
ductions of  a  Lady  of  Quality. 

"  When  I  produced  them  at  Button's,  the  Poetical  Jury 
there  brought  in  a  different  Verdict ;  and  the  Foreman 
strenuously  insisted  upon  it,  that  Mr.  Gay  was  the  Man; 
and  declar'd,  in  comparing  the  Basset  Table,  with  that 
Gentleman's  Pastorals,  he  found  the  Stile  and  Turn  of 
Thought,  to  be  evidently  the  same ;  which  confirm'd  him, 
and  his  Brethren,  in  the  Sentence  they  had  pronounc'd. 

"  Not  content  with  these  Two  Decisions,  I  was  resolv'd 
to  call  in  an  Umpire,  and  accordingly  chose  a  Gentle- 
man of  distinguished  Merit,  who  lives  not  far  from  Chelsea. 
I  sent  him  the  Papers ;  which  he  return'd  me  the  next 
Day,  with  this  Answer : 

" '  Sir,  Depend  upon  it,  these  Lines  could  come  from  no 
other  Hand,  than  the  Laudible  Translator  o/HoJiER.' 

"  Thus  having  impartiallj'-  given  the  Sentiments  of  the 
Town,  1  hope  I  may  deserve  Thanks,  for  the  Pains  I  have 
taken,  in  endeavouring  to  find  out  the  Author  of  these 
valuable  Performances :  and  every  Body  is  at  Liberty  to 
bestow  the  Laurel  as  they  please." 

Into  the  histo^p  of  this  book  *,  or  how  far  it  was 

*  We  have  had  lent  to  us  an  edition  of  The  Court 
Poems,  published  in  1719,  which  Ave  may  as  well  describe, 
for  the  use  of  future  inquirers  into  their  literary  history. 
It  bears  the  following  general  title : 

"  Court  Poems  in  Two  Parts  Compleat.  To  which 
are  added,  1.  Verses  upon  Prudery.  2.  An  Epitaph  upon 
John  Hewett  and  Mary  Drew,  who  were  hilled  by  Lightning 


the  work  of  Lady  Mary  Wortley  Montagu,  or  how 
far  its  publication  led,  as  has  been  alleged,  to  the 
quarrel  between  her  and  Pope,  we  need  not  now 
stop  to  inquire.  Our  purpose  is  only  with  Curll, 
and  with  his  share  in  its  publication,  and  what 
effect  such  publication  had  in  bringing  down  upon 
him  the  anger  and  satire  of  Pope. 

Whether  Pope  Avas  really  annoyed  by  the  ap- 
pearance of  this  volume;  or  whether  he  had  secretly 
promoted  it,  as  has  been  supposed,  and  afterwards 
endeavoured  to  divert  suspicion  from  himself,  by 
assuming  an  anger  which  he  did  not  feel,  is  not 
by  any  means  clear.  Thus  much  only  we  know, 
that,  having  ascertained  through  Lintot  that  Curll 
had  something  to  do  with  the  publication,  al- 
though his  name  does  not  figure  upon  the  title- 
page,  he  sought  an  interview  with  him,  and  the 
memorable  scene  at  the  "  Swan  Tavern,"  in  Fleet 
Street,  recorded  in  "  A  Full  and  True  Account  of 
a  Horrid  and  Barbarous  Revenge  by  Poison  on 
the  Bodj'  of  Mr.  Edmund  Curll,  Bookseller  ;  with 
a  faithful  Copy  of  his  last  Will  and  Testament," 
published  in  Pope  and  Swift's  Miscellanies,  was 
the  result. 

Although  the  Miscellanies  were  not  published 
for  many  years  after  this  memorable  poisoning,  it 
is  obvious  that  the  "  Full  and  True  Account"  was 
written  at  the  time  ;  and  there  can  be  little  doubt 
that  it  was  based  upon  some  paper  published  at 
that  period  by  Curll  himself.  That  Pope  had  cir- 
culated before  the  31st  March,  1716,  some  "false 
and  ridiculous  libel,"  as  Oldmixon  styles  it,  upon 
the  subject,  is  evident  from  the  following  adver- 
tisement which  appears  in  The  Flying  Post,  or 
the  Post  Master,  of  that  date  :  — 

"  Whereas  Mr.  Lintot  or  Mr.  Pope,  has  published  a 
false  and  i-idiculous  libel,  reflecting  on  several  gentlemen, 


at  Stanton  Drew  in  Oxfordshire.     By  Mr.  Pope.     Ijondon, 
printed  for  R.  Burleigh,  1719.     Price  One  Shilling." 

This  is  followed  by  a  second  title,  which  runs  thus : 

"Pope's  Miscellany,  viz.l.  The  Basset  Table.  2.  The 
Drawing  Room.  3.  The  Toilet.  4.  The  Looking  Glass. 
5.  The  Worms.  6.  The  First  Psalm.  Translated  for  the 
use  of  a  Young  Lady.  Published  faithfully,  §-c.  The  Se  • 
cond  Edition.  London,  printed  for  R.  Burleigh,  in  Amen 
Corner.     Price  Sixpence." 

This  ends  on  the  22nd  page.  We  have  then  a  second 
title : 

"Pope's  Miscellany.  The  Second  Part,  contain- 
ing, 1.  The  Hyde  Park  Ramble.  2.  The  Parson's  Daugh- 
ter. 3.  The  Court  Ballad.  4.  Court  Epigrams.  To 
which  is  added  The  Westminster  Ballad,  or  The  Earl  of 
Oxford's  Trial.  .  By  Mr.  Joseph  Gay.  London,  printed 
for  R.  Burleigh,  in  Amen  Corner,  1717.  Price  Six  Pence. 
Where  may  be  had  the  First  Part,  price  6d." 

This  part  originally  ended,  that  is,  when  published  in  • 
1717,  with  page  24;  at  the  bottom  of  which  is  the  word 
Finis.  But  Avhen  the  new  title-page  was  made  up  in 
1719,  a  leaf  was  added  containing,  on  page  25,  "The 
Verses  on  Prudery ; "  and  on  page  26,  "  The  Epitaph  on 
John  Hewett  and  Mary  Drew,"  whose  death,  as  there 
stated,  took  place  on  the  last  day  of  July,  1718. 


342 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


I2«i  S.  NO  44.,  Nov.  1.  '66. 


particularly  on  myself;  and  it  is  said  therein,  that  I  was 
the  publisher  of  certain  verses  called  Court  Poems,  and 
that  I  wrote  the  Preface:  I  herebj'  declare,  that  I  never 
saw  a  great  part  of  those  Verses,  nor  ever  saw  or  heard 
of  the  Title  or  Preface  to  them  till  after  the  Poems  were 
published. 

"  J.  Oldmixon. 
«  Witness,  E.  Curll." 

Most  readers  of  tbe  Miscellanies  have,  we  dare 
say,  been  of  opinion,  that  "  the  Full  and  True  Ac- 
count "  was  a  mere  got-up  story  against  Curll.  It 
would  seem,  however,  that,  whether  Pope  did  or 
did  not  contrive  that  an  emetic  potion  should  be 
administered  to  him,  Curll  believed,  or  perhaps 
Ave  should  rather  say  pretended  to  believe,  that 
the  fact  was  so. 

For  commenting  upon  that  part  of  the  note  in 
The  Dunciad,  book  ii.  line  54,  where  Pope  says 
Curll  was 

"  every  day  extending  his  fame  and  enlarging  his  writ- 
ings, witness  innumerable  instances,  but  it  shall  suffice 
only  to  mention  The  Court  Poems,  which  he  meant  to  pub- 
lish as  the  work  of  the  true  writer,  a  Lady  of  Quality'; 
but  being  first  threaten'd  and  afterwards  punish'd  for  it 
b}^  Mr.  Pope,  lie  generously  transferred  it  from  Jier  to 
him,  and  has  now  printed  it  twelve  years  in  his  name. 
The  single  time  that  ever  he  spoke  to  C.  was  on  this 
affair,  and  to  that  happy  incident  he  owes  all  the  favours 
since  received  from  him  " : — 

Curll  gives  us  in  The  Curliad  the  following  ac- 
count of  the  transaction. 

"  The  whole  of  this  charge  is  false,  the  Matter  of  Fact 
stands  thus.  About  the  year  1715,  Mr.  Joseph  Jacobs 
(late  of  ffoxton,  the  Founder  of  a  Remarkable  Sect  called 
the  Whiskers)  gave  to  Mr.  John  Oldmixon  three  Poems 
at  that  time  handed  about,  entitled  The  Basset  Table, 
The  Toilet,  and  The  Drawing  Room.  These  Pieces  were 
printed  in  Octavo,  and  published  bj''  Mr.  James  Roberts, 
near  the  Oxford  Arms  in  IVarwick  Lane,  under  the  Title 
of  Court  Poems.  The  Profit  arising  from  the  Sale  was 
equally  to  be  divided  between  Mr.  Johji  Oldmixon,  Mr. 
John  Pembcrton  (a  Bookseller  of  Parliamentarj--  Note  in 
Fleet  Street,  tho'  he  has  not  had  the  good  fortune  to  be 
immortalized  in  the  Dunciad),  and  myself.  And  I  am 
.•iure  my  Brother  Lintot  will,  if  asked,  declare  this  to  be 
the  same  state  of  the  Case  I  laid  before  Mr.  Pojje,  when 
he  sent  for  me  to  the  Swan  Tavern  in  Fleet  Street  to  en- 
quire after  this  Publication.  My  brother  Lintot  drank 
his  half  Pint  of  Old  Hock,  Mr.  Pope  his  half  Pint  of  Sack, 
and  I  the  same  quantity  of  an  Emetic  Potion  (which  was 
the  Punishment  referred  to  by  our  Commentator),  but 
no  threatenings  past.  Mr.  Pope,  indeed,  said,  that  Sa- 
tires should  not  be  printed  (tho'  he  has  now  changed 
his  mind).  I  answered,  they  should  not  be  wrote,  for  if 
they  were,  tliey  would  be  printed.  He  replied,  Mr.  Gay's 
Jiderest  at  Court  would  be  greatly  hurt  by  publishing  these 
Pieces.  This  was  all  that  passed  in  our  Triumvirate.  We 
then  parted,  Pope  and  my  brother  Lintot  went  together, 
to  his  Shop,  and  I  went  home  and  vomited  heartil3'.  1 
then  despised  the  Action  and  have  since  in  another  man- 
ner sufficiently  Purged  the  Author  of  it.  In  the  Advertise- 
ment prefixt  to  the  Court  Poems,  the  Hearsay  of  the 
Town  is  only  recited,  some  attributing  them  to  a  Ijody  of 
Quality,  others  to  Mr.  Gay,  but  the  Country-confirmation 
was  (^Chelsea  being  named)  that  the  Lines  could  come 
from  no  other  hand  than  the  laudable  Translator  of  Homer. 
This  is  a  Demonstration  of  the  Falsehood  of  our  Com- 
mentator's Assertion,  that  any  transfer  was  made,  from  a 


Lady  to  Mr.  Pope,  they  being  originally  charged  upon 
him  as  his  lawful  Issxie ;  and  so  I  shall  continue  his  Fame*, 
having  lately  printed  a  new  Edition  of  them  and  added 
them  to  his  Letters,  which  come  next  under  considera- 
tion." 

And  a  little  further  on,  after  giving  an  ex- 
planation about  the  publication  of  Pope's  Letters, 
he  proceeds : 

"  I  solemnly  declare  in  the  high  style  of  Scriblerus 
{Testimonies,  ^c,  pp.  11,  12.).  If  there  be  living  any  owe 
Lady  of  Quality,  yea  any  one  Gentlewoman,  let  her  stand 
forth  that  Truth  may  appear!  Amicus  Pope,  Amicus 
Scriblerus,  sed  magis  arnica  Veritas.  Whensoever  I  say  the 
trite  Owner  will  claim  these  Goods  following,  in'z.  the 
Basset-Table,  Toilet,  and  Furniture  of  the  Drawing  Room, 
thej'^  shall  by  me  be  readily  given  up  without  an  Action 
of  Trover." 

Having  given  Curll's  account  of  the  publica- 
tion of  The  Court  Poems,  and  of  the  interview 
wliich  he  had  on  the  occasion  with  Pope  and  Lin- 
tot, we  should  have  contented  ourselves  with  a 
mere  reference  to  the  "  Full  and  True  Account " 
for  Pope's  ludicrous,  and  it  must  be  confessed 
somewhat  Indecent,  version  of  the  same  story, 
but  that,  though  the  Miscellanies  are  not  very 
difficult  to  be  met  with,  some  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
may  like  to  have  a  taste  of  the  humour  with  which 
Pope  treated  this  incident.  The  whole  paper  is 
too  long  to  transcribe,  even  if  parts  were  not  of 
such  a  character  as  to  forbid  republication :  — 

"  History  furnishes  us  with  Examples  of  many  Saty- 
rical  Authors  who  have  fallen  Sacrifices  to  Revenge,  but 
not  of  any  Booksellers  that  I  know  of,  except  the  unfor- 
tunate Subject  of  the  following  Paper ;  I  mean  Mr.  Ed- 
mund Curll,  at  the  Bible  and  Dial  in  Fleetstreet,  who  was 
yesterday  poison'd  bj'  Mr.  Pope,  after  having  liv'd  many 
Years  an  Instance  of  tbe  mild  Temper  of  the  British 
Nation. 

*'  Every  Body  knows  that  the  said  Mr.  Edmund  Curll, 
on  Monday  the  2Gth  Instant,  publish'd  a  Satyrical  Piece, 
entituled  Court  Poems,  in  the  Preface  whereof  they  were 
attributed  to  a  Lady  of  Quality,  Mr.  Pope,  or  Mr.  Gay ; 
by  which  indiscreet  Method,  though  he  had  escap'd  one 
Revenge,  there  Avere  still  two  behind  in  reserve. 

"  Now  on  the  Wednesday  ensuing,  between  the  Hours 
of  Ten  and  Eleven,  Mr.  Lintott,  a  neighb'ring  Bookseller, 
desir'd  a  Conference  with  Mr.  Curll  about  settling  a  Title- 
Page,  inviting  him  at  the  same  Time  to  take  a  Whet 
together.  Mr.  Pope,  (who  is  not  the  only  Instance  how 
Persons  of  bright  Parts  may  be  carry'd  away  by  the  In- 
stigation of  the  Devil)  found  Means  to  convey  himself 
into  the  same  Room,  under  pretence  of  Business  with 
]\Ir.  Lintott,  who  it  seems  is  the  Printer  of  his  Homer. 
This  Gentleman,  with  seeming  Coolness,  reprimanded 
Mr.  Curll  for  wrongfully  ascribing  to  him  the  aforesaid 
Poems:  He  excused  himself  by  declaring  that  one  of  his 
Authors  (Mr.  Oldmixon  by  Name)  gave  the  Copies  to  the 
Press,  and  wrote  the  Preface.  Upon  this  Mr.  Pope  (being 
to  all  appearance  reconcil'd)  very  ci^#ly  drank  a  Glass  of 
Sack  to  Mr.  Curll,  which  he  as  civilly  pledged  ;  and  tho' 
the  Liquor  in  Colour  and  Taste  diflfer'd  not  from  common 
Sack,  yet  was  it  plain  by  the  Pangs  this  unhappy  Sta- 

*  This  was  in  1729.  But  Curll  "  continued  his  Fame," 
for  the  Court  Poems  are  inserted  by  him  in  the  4th  volume 
of  his  edition  of  BIr.  Pope's  Literary  Correspondence  in 
12mo.,  173G. 


2»a  s.  NO  44.,  Nov.  1.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


343 


tioner  felt  soon  after,  that  some  poisonous  Drug  had  been 
secretly  infused  therein." 

That  this  story  of  the  "  poisoning "  was  one 
by  which  the  town  was  amused  at  the  time,  we 
now  furnish  another  proof,  in  a  copy  of  the  follow- 
ing broadside  on  the  subject,  which  will  be  best 
appreciated  by  those  who  know  the  verses  ad- 
dressed by  Pope  "  To  the  ingenious  Mr.  Moore, 
Author  of  the  Celebrated  Worm  Powder."  * 

"mooke'  woems. 
"  For  the  learned  Mr.  Curll,  Bookseller, 

Who,  to  be  reveng'd  on  Mr.  Pope  for  his'  poisonous  Erne- 
tick,  gave  him  a  Paper  of  Worm-Powder,  which  caused 
that  Gentleman  to  void  a  strange  sort  of  Worms. 
"  Oh  learned  Curll!  thy  skill  excels 
Ev'n  Moore's  of  Abchurch  Lane ; 
He  only  genuine  worms  expels, 
To  crawl  in  print  for  gain. 

"  From  a  Wit's  brain  thou  mak'st  worms  rise, 
(Unknown  in  the  worm-evil) 
Fops,  silkworms,  beaus,  and  butterflies, 
With  that  old  worm  the  Devil. 

"  Ev'n  Button's  book-worms  shall,  with  these, 
(Like  these  with  dust  decay'd) 
In  Grub-Street  rubbish  rest  in  peace, 
Till  CuRLLs  their  peace  invade. 

"  For  booksellers  vile  vipers  are. 
On  brains  of  Wits  they  prey : 
The  very  worms  they  will  not  spare, 
When  Wits  to  worms  decay. 

"  Sharpers  we  caterpillars  call. 
And  fatal  in  their  bite : 
On  manors  rich  they  soonest  fall. 
And  thousand  acres  blight. 
"  Grave  Cits,  as  buzzing  hornets,  swarm ; 
Their  wives,  true  gadflies,  rove : 
Old  College  Dons,  in  fur  wrap'd  warm. 
Dull  creeping  beetles  prove. 

"  From  worms  erect  proud  coquettes  rose. 
Yet  are  but  baits  for  gudgeons : 
The  rake  a  stingless  drone  soon  grows. 
And  grub-worms  old  curmudgeons. 
"  Widows  to  leaches  we  compare, 
Still  sucking,  yet  want  more : 
Sly  prudes  are  catsf,  that  never  spare 
The  cream  of  human  gore. 

*  In  an  article  in  Gent.  Mag.,  vol.  xcvii.  part  i.  p.  29., 
by  Eu.  Hood,  on  Bezaleel  Morrice,  we  have  the  following 
note  : 

"  Curll  published  the  Minor  Poems  of  Pope  on  single 
folio  leaves,  which  are  now  of  very  rare  occurrence.  In 
that  manner  appeared,  in  1719  [_sic^,  the  lines  '  To  the 
ingenious  Mr.  Moore,  author  of  the  celebrated  Worm- 
Powder,'  with  a  stanza,  which  it  may  be  fitly  hoped  was 
never  afterwards  printed.  Splendid  'talents  will  catch  at 
doubtful  wit,  notwithstanding  the  proclamation  — 
'  Want  of  decency  is  want  of  wit.' " 

Eu.  Hood  is,  however,  clearly  wrong  as  to  the  date  of 
the  first  printing  of  this  translation.  It  will  be  seen  by  a 
previous  note  that  Burleigh  printed  it  in  1717. —  S.  N.  M. 

t  "  Among  the  rarities  of  Gresham  College  there  is  a 
strange  worm  with  a  head  like  a  cat,  therefore  called  by 
the  vevtuosi  by  that  aairaal's  name.    Travellers  report 


"  Worm- Quacks  are  spawn'd  by  'potheearies. 
As  flesh-flies  maggots  breed : 
The  several  species  of  them  varies ; 
But  all  on  mankind  feed. 

"  Ah,  Curll  !  *  how  greedy  hast  thou  fed 
(E'er  worms  gave  food  to  thee) 
Upon  the  late  illustrious  dead. 
With  worms  of  thy  degree. 

"  Why  did  the  venom  of  a  prude  f 
Allure  thy  vicious  taste? 
Safer  thou'dst  feast  on  maggots  crude, 
Or  with  Tom  D'Urfey  fast. 

"  For  see !  thy  meagre  looks  declare 
Some  poison  in  thee  lurks : 

Let  Bl re  ease  thy  restless  care, 

Or  who  shall  print  his  Works  ? 

«  Printed  for  E.  Smith  in  Cornhill,  1716." 

The  quarrel  which  arose  from  this  publication 
was  not  likely  to  be  made  up  very  shortly,  and 
we  will  bring  this  portion  of  our  Notes  to  a  close 
with  two  advertisements  which  the  active  and 
implacable  bookseller  directed  against  Pope.  The 
following  appeared  in  the  Flying  Post  on  the  5th 
of  April,  1716. 

"  This  day  is  published, 

The  Second  Part  of  Mr.  Pope's  Popish  Translation  of 
Homer.J  The  subscribers  having  made  great  complaint 
that  there  were  no  pictures  in  the  First  Part :  This  is  to 
give  notice,  that  to  this  Second  Part  there  is  added  a 
spacious  Map  of  the  Trojan  tents  and  rivers  finely  de- 
lineated. Translated  into  copper  from  the  wooden  ori- 
ginal, as  you  have  it  in  the  learned  Dr.  Fuller's  Fisgah 
Sight ;  being  the  true  travels  of  Moses  and  the  Children 
of  Israel  from  the  land  of  Goshen  to  the  land  of  Canaan. 
With  an  exact  scale.  Sold  by  E.  Curll,  at  the  Dial  and 
Bible  against  St.  Dunstan's  Church  in  Fleet- street. 
Where  may  be  had  Mr.  Pope's  Court  Poems,  price  Gd. 

"  Next  week  will  be  published. 

An  Excellent  new  Ballad,  called  The  Catholic  Poet,  or 
Protestant  Bamaby''s  Lamentation.  To  the  tune  of 
'  Which  nobody  can  deny.' 

'  Tho'  of  his  wit  the  Catholick  has  boasted, 
Lintot  and  Pope  by  turns  shall  both  be  roasted.'  " 

In  a  few  days  after,  namely,  on  the  10th  of 
April,  the  following  appeared  in  the  same  Journal : 

"  To  prevent  any  farther  imposition  on  the  public,  there 
is  now  preparing  for  the  press,  by  several  hands,  Homer 
Defended;  being  a  detection  of  the  many  errors  com- 
mitted by  Mr.  Pope  in  his  pretended  Translation  of 
Homer ;  wherein  is  fully  proved  that  he  neither  under- 
stands the  original,  nor  the  author's  meaning,  and  that  in 
several  places  he  has  falsified  it  on  purpose.  To  which  is 
added,  a  specimen  of  a  Translation  of  the  First  Book  of 
the  Odysses,  which  has  lain  printed  by  Mr.  Lintott  some 
time,  and  which  he  intends  to  publish,  in  order  to  preju- 

many  Indians  perish  by  this  reptile's  venomous  sucking 
their  blood." 

*  "  Famous  for  printing  the  Lives  and  Last  Wills  of 
great  men." 

t  The  Court  Poems,  printed  by  Mr.  Curll. 

X  Mr.  Pope  has  translated  one  verse  of  Homer  thus : 

"  The  Priest  can  pardon,  and  the  God  appease." 


344 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°<»  S.  N"  44.,  Nov.  1.  '56. 


dice  Mr.  Tickell's  excellent  version.  Any  gentlemen  who 
have  made  obserrations  upon  Mr.  Pope's  Homer,  and  will 
be  pleased  to  send  them  to  Mr.  Curll,  at  the  Dial  and 
Bible  against  St.  Dunstan's  Church  in  Fleet-street,  shall 
have  them  faithfully  inserted  in  this  work." 

And  here  we  must,  at  least  for  the  present, 
leave  "  this  pretty  quarrel  as  it  stands." 

s.  isr.  M. 


Edmund  Curll.  —  The  information  that  Ed- 
mund Curll  lived  at  the  "  Post  House  "  at  Middle 
Temple  Gate,  is  somewhat  new,  but  conJSirmed  by 
an  imprint  quoted  in  your  Number  of  18th  Oc- 
tober, under  the  above  head.  Where  was  the 
Post  House  ?  Was  it  the  house,  or  rather  shop, 
afterwards  inhabited  bv  Benjamin  Motte  at  the 
Middle  Temple  Gate  ?  ""(See  "  N.  &  Q.,"  P'  S.  xii. 
490.)  Middle  Temple  Gate. 


GOBDON    OF   AUCHLCCHBIKS. 

In  the  last  number  of  the  Edinburgh  Review 
there  is  a  very  interesting  article  on  the  diary  of 
General  Patrick  Gordon  of  Auchluchrles,  who  is 
represented  as  sprung  from  a  younger  branch  of 
the  Gordons  of  Haddo ;  and  it  is  remarked  as  a 
singular,  but  not  improbable  inference,  that  the 
Russian  system  of  aggrandisement  may  have  been 
suggested  by  a  cadet  of  the  family  of  the  Earl  of 
Aberdeen,  the  late  premier. 

Of  this  relationship  there  is  not  a  vestige  of 
evidence.  The  ruling  family  of  the  name  were 
Earls  of  Huntly  and  Dukes  of  Gordon,  who, 
though  Setons  in  the  direct  male  line,  took  the 
name  of  Gordon  upon  the  marriage  of  Alexander 
Seton  with  the  only  daughter  and  heiress  of  Sir 
Adam  de  Gordon,  who  was  killed  at  the  battle  of 
Homildon  in  September,  1402.  These  Gordons 
came  from  the  Merse,  and  there  is  still  a  parish  in 
Berwickshire  over  which  the  last  Duke  of  Gordon 
claimed  certain  rights  of  superiority. 

Peerage  writers  wish  the  public  to  believe  that 
the  Aberdeens  were  a  younger  branch  of  the  ducal 
race;  and  there  is  a  nice  little  romance  to  the 
tune  of  making  the  founder  of  the  Aberdeens  a 
certain  Bertrand  de  Gourdon,  who  shot  E,ichard 
the  Lion-hearted  at  Cbaluz.  According  to  history 
this  Gourdon  was  a  common  archer,  who,  having 
been  brought  before  the  dying  monarch,  was  for- 
given by  him,  and  was  ordered  to  be  liberated 
with  a  handsome  present ;  but  the  Flemish  ge- 
neral, who  had  no  notion  of  such  generosity,  very 
coolly  caused  the  aforesaid  ancestor  of  Lord 
Aberdeen  to  be  flayed  alive.  How,  after  such  an 
operation,  he  could  get  to  Scotland,  we  are  not 
told  ;  but  perhaps  in  the  next  edition  of  Douglas 
and  Wood's  Peerage,  this  remarkable  fact  will  be 
verified  by  proof. 


The  truth  is,  the  Gordons  of  Haddo  cannot  go 
very  far  back,  for  the  above-named  genealogists 
are  constrained  to  admit,  that  from  the  "  imperfect 
state  of  the  Scotch  records,"  and  "  destruction  of 
the  family  papers  "  in  the  civil  wars,  the  descent 
cannot  be  "  clearly "  deduced.  Consequently 
one  Patrick  Gordon,  of  Methlic,  is  the  first  known 
worthy  of  the  race  of  Haddo  ;  some  say  this  gen- 
tleman was  a  white  fisher,  and  the  inventor  of 
that  remarkable  Scotch  delicacy,  the  "  Finnan 
Haddie."  But  this  is  just  as  likely  as  the  legend 
of  the  skinned  archer.  Indeed,  all  that  can  be 
said  with  certainty  is,  that  the  Gordons  of  Haddo 
were  respectable  Aberdeenshire  proprietors,  and 
that  the  family  attained  the  honours  of  the 
peerage,  in  the  person  of  Sir  George  Gordon,  in 
1682, 

The  chief  of  the  Gordons  probably  was  the 
Viscount  of  Kenmuir,  and  Lord  of  Lochinvar,  a 
peerage  of  a  more  ancient  date  than  that  of  Aber- 
deen, having  been  conferred  by  Charles  I.  on  John 
Gordon,  who  married  a  daughter  of  Archibald, 
Earl  of  Argyle.  When  the  viscount  was  restoi-ed 
by  George  IV.,  the  then  Duke  of  Gordon  wrote  a 
letter  to  him,  congratulating  him,  as  a  cadet  of  his 
family,  on  the  reversal  of  the  attainder.  His  Lord- 
ship, whilst  thanking  his  Grace,  respectfully  begged 
to  remind  him,  that  the  Dukes  of  Gordon  were 
Setons,  and  that  he  thought  he  was  himself  the 
representative  in  the  male  line  of  the  old  stock  of 
Gordon. 

Upon  the  final  settlement  of  the  Seton  Gordons 
in  Strathspey,  the  name  spread  rapidly,  and  it  is 
far  from  improbable  that  Gordon  of  Auchluchrles 
was  a  Seton  Gordon ;  there  is  just  as  much  like- 
lihood of  the  truth  of  the  one  supposition  as  of 
the  other.  His  connection  with  either  fiimily  is 
purely  conjectural;  but  as  he  was  of  the  clan 
Gordon,  he  was  of  course  a  Highland  cousin  of  all 
its  magnates,  and  he  would  be  graciously  received 
by  them,  seeing  he  was  a  general  in  the  service  of 
the  Czar  Peter,  and  Envoy  from  Russia  to  the 
English  Court.  J.  M. 


POPIANA. 


The  Pope  and  Blount  Letters  (P*  S.  xii.  377.)— 
Mb.  Cabeutuers  says  that  Mr.  A.  Chalmers  "  ob- 
tained the  use  of  the  original  letters  addressed  to 
Teresa  and  Martha  Blount,  .  .  .  then  in  a  loose 
state,  and  .  .  .  many  were  never  returned,  and  can- 
not now  be  recovered."  Now  before  we  can 
count  our  losses  we  must  know  what  our  posses- 
sions were.  Does  Mb.  Cabeuthees  assume  that 
the  Blount  family  ever  had  in  their  possession  all 
the  published  letters  professedly  addressed  to  one 
or  other  of  the  Miss  Blounts  ?  If  not,  what  is 
the  basis  of  his  calculation  ?  It  appears  to  me 
that  A.  Chalmers  is  responsible  for  all  those  letters 


2nd  s.  No  44.,  Nov.  1.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


345 


first  published  by  him  in  the  supplemental  volume. 
Are  any  of  these  missing  ?  It  would  be  of  interest 
to  the  curious,  and  might  throw  a  light  even  on 
questions  by  which  Mr.  Carruthers  may  have 
been  puzzled,  if  he  would  furnish  you  with  a  list, 
by  brief  reference  to  all  the  letters  still  in  the 
possession  of  the  Blount  family,  with  dates,  if  they 
have  dates,  or  postmarks,  if  visible :  even  the 
address  on  any  of  the  letters  would  help  to  con- 
clusions. T.  P.  B. 


Pope's  ^^  Coriiina"  and  Dryden's  Funeral  (P' 
S.  xii.  278.)  —  I  can  hardly  believe  that  Corinna 
or  Curll  can  have  invented  the  story  that  Dry- 
den's  funeral  was  first  countermanded  by  an 
English  peer  (Lord  Jeffries),  and  then  celebrated 
in  a  becoming  manner  at  his  expense.  Whether 
true  or  not,  the  story  is  found  in  the  edition  of 
Ned  Ward's  London  Spy,  printed  as  early  as  1703. 
With  your  permission  I  will  give  you  the  extract, 
from  pp.  417-8.,  which  communicates  all  the  par- 
ticulars, excepting  the  name  of  the  peer. 

"  Yet  'tis  credibly  reported  the  ingratitude  of  the  age 
is  such,  they  had  like  to  have  let  him  pass  in  private  to 
his  grave,  without  those  funeral  obsequies  suitable  to  his 
greatness,  had  it  not  been  for  that  true  British  worthy, 
who  meeting  with  the  venerable  remains  of  the  neglected 
bard  passing  silently  in  a  coach  unregarded  to  his  last 
home,  ordered  the  corps,  by  the  consent  of  his  few  friends 
that  attended  him,  to  be  respited  from  so  obscure  an  in- 
terment ;  and  most  generously  undertook  at  his  own  ex- 
pence,  to  revive  his  work  in  the  minds  of  a  forgetful 
people,  by  bestowing  on  his  peaceful  duit  a  solemn  fu- 
neral answerable  to  his  merit ;  which  memorable  action 
alone  will  eternalize  his  fame  with  the  greatest  heroes, 
and  add  that  lustre  to  his  nobility  which  time  can  never 
tarnish  ;  but  will  shine  with  equal  glory  in  all  ages,  and 
in  the  very  teeth  of  envy  bid  defiance  to  oblivion.  The 
management  of  the  funeral  was  left  to  Mrs.  Russel,  pur- 
suant to  the  directions  of  that  honourable  great  man 
concern'd  chiefly  in  the  pious  undertaking." 

He  then  devotes  two  pages  to  a  minute  descrip- 
tion of  the  funeral  obsequies,  as  finally  celebrated. 
Surely  there  must  have  been  some  foundation 
for  the  story  as  above  related,  given  so  circum- 
stantially as  it  is,  and  that  within  three  years  after 
Dryden's  death.  In  p.  420.  his  death  is  attri- 
buted to  mortification  in  the  toe,  caused  by  the 
flesh  growing  over  the  toe-nail,  the  patient  having 
refused  to  submit  to  an  amputation. 

Henry  T.  Rilet. 


Additions  to  Pope.  —  Mr.  Bolton  Cobney 
(2'"'  S.  i.  8.)  sent  you  some  "  Lines  written  by 
Pope,"  which,  he  says,  are  neither  in  Warton  nor 
in  the  supplementary  volume  of  1807.  Certainly 
if  they  were  in  the  one,  they  ought  not  to  have 
been  in  the  other ;  but  it  does  happen  that  they 
are  in  both.  The  "  lines "  were  addressed  to 
Gay,  on  receiving  his  congratulations  on  finishing 
his  house  and  garden,   and  are  to  be  found  in 


Warton,  ii.  369.,  and  in  Sup.  Vol.,  p.  14.  They 
begin,  — 

"  Ah,  friend !  'tis  true  —  this  truth  you  lovers  know  — 
In  vain  my  structures  rise,  my  gardens  grow, 
In  vain  fair  Thames  reflects  the  double  scenes 
Of  hanging  mountains,  and  of  sloping  greens ; 
Joy  lives  not  here,  to  happier  seats  it  flies. 
And  only  dwells  where  Wortley  casts  her  eyes." 

Then  came  the  quarrel  with  Lady  Mary,  and 
these  six  lines  were  suppressed.  Pope,  however, 
never  threw  away  good  verses,  and  the  remainder, 
with  slight  variations,  were  woven  into  a  compli- 
mentary paragraph,  and  forwarded  to  the  lady 
whose  letters  from  Pope  were  published  by 
Dodsley  in  1769  (p.  17.).  A.  T.  P.' 


"iVo  Lord's  anointed;'  S^^c.  (1"  S.  xi.  65.;  2"'^  S. 
ii,  41.)  — It  is  not  improbable  that  this  line  bears 
reference  to  a  traditional  bon  mot  of  Ben  Jonson, 
uttered  by  him  on  hearing  that  a  pension  had 
been  grained  by  Charles  I.  to  Francis  Quarles  ; 
and  repeated  by  Dennis  in  the  disgust  which  he 
felt  at  seeing  Blackmore  receive  the  honour  of 
knighthood  from  King  William. 

Quarles  had  been  cupbearer  to  the  unfortunate 
Queen  of  Bohemia,  and  it  was,  not  improbably, 
about  the  period  of  his  coronation  that  Charles 
conferred  a  pension  on  him,  as  a  faithful  servant 
to  his  aunt.  Jonson,  on  hearing  of  this  piece  of 
bad  taste,  as  he  considered  it,  may  very  possibly 
have  exclaimed,  "  Surely  this  is  no  Lord's  anointed, 
but  only  a  man  who  has  received  unction  from  a 
Russian  bear ;"  in  other  words,  "  not  anointed  with 
sacred  oil,  but  only  rubbed  with  the  grease  of  an 
uncouth  bear."  Blackmore  was  knighted,  pro- 
bably, about  the  period  of  William's  coronation ; 
an  opportunity  being  afforded  thereby^  to  the 
envious  Dennis  to  repeat  the  traditional  joke. 

I  have  no  doubt  that  bears'  grease  was  well 
known  in  England,  as  an  unguent  or  ointment,  in 
the  days  of  James  I.  and  his  son.  Indeed  itwas 
in  common  use  as  an  application  for  the  hair  in 
the  times  of  the  Romans  even.  See  Pliny's  Nat. 
Hist.,  xxi.  73.  and  xxviii.  46. ;  and  in  the  time  of 
James  there  was  quite  a  mania  for  imitating  the 
recipes  and  nostrums  of  the  ancients,  however 
absurd  and  nonsensical. 

I  am  aware  that  the  interpretation  to  the  line, 
thus  suggested,  would  require,  in  correct  English, 
the  last  word  to  be  "  bear's."  Pope,  however,  in 
his  determination  to  preserve  the  story,  may  have 
found  himself  obliged  to  sacrifice  grammar  to 
rhyme ;  or  the  line  may  possibly  have  originally 
been  —  "  No  Lord-anointed,"  &c. 

Henry  T.  Riley. 


Pope's  Letters  to  Wycherley,  1729.  —No  copies 
of  this  publication  having  been  found,  and_  some 
doubt  having  been  expressed  as  to  whether  it  was 


346 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2ndS.No  44.,  Nov.  1. '56. 


ever  really  issued  to  the  public,  the  following  ad- 
vertisement, which  I  have  met  with  in  going  over 
a  file  of  newspapers  in  the  British  Museum,  may 
be  worth  insertion  in  "  N.  &  Q. :  " 

*'  This  day  is  published, 
The  Posthumous  Works  of  William  Wycherley,  Esq.,  in 
Prose  and  Verse.      The  Second  Volume.      Containing 

1.  Letters  of  Mr,  Wycherley  and  Mr.  Pope  on  several 
Subjects  (the  former  at  70  years  of  age,  the  latter  at  17). 

2.  Poems  not  inserted  in  'the  first  volume,  and  others 
more  correct,  from  original  manuscripts  in  the  Harley 
Library.  3.  Hero  and  Leander  in  Burlesque,  written  by 
Mr.  Wycherley  under  20  years  old.  N.  B.  In  the  Preface 
to  the  First  Volume,  a  second  having  been  promised  (for 
which  Mr.  Theobald  entered  into  a  bond  with  the  book- 
sellers, but  hath  failed  in  his  promise  12  years),  the  pub- 
lick  may  be  assured  that  this  compleats  the  whole,  and 
that  nothing  more  of  Mr.  Wycherley's  which  is  in  any 
way  fit  for  the  press  can  ever  be  added  to  it.  Printed  for 
J.  Roberts  in  Warwick  Lane.  Price  Is.  6d.  or  to  be  had 
bound  together,  price  5s."  —  Country  Journal,  or  Crafts- 
man, Nov.  29, 1729. 

u.  J. . 


POETEY  CONNECTED  WITH  EICHMOND  PAEK,  ETC. 

I  have  been  often  asked  who  wrote  the  lines 
(No.  1.)  on  a  board  affixed  to  a  tree  in  Richmond 
Park,  and  have  had  the  pleasure  to  inform  them 
they  were  by  Mr.  John  Heneage  Jesse,  an  author 
who  has  contributed  to  the  public  information 
and  amusement  The  Court  of  England  during  the 
Stuarts,  and  many  other  very  interesting  works. 
No.  2.  are  some  lines  said  to  be  by  the  Right  Hon. 
John  Wilson  Croker,  written  by  desire  of  Mr. 
Jesse,  author  of  a  most  agreeable  work,  Glean' 
ings  in  Natui'al  History,  &c. ;  but  weather  has 
rendered  them  now  quite  illegible,  where  they 
were  placed,  in  Richmond  Park. 

The  lines  which  follow  I  met  among  some  old 
MSS.  and  may  perhaps  please  some  of  your 
readers,  and  therefore  may  be  placed  beside  the 
others.  A- 


Eichmond,  Surrey. 


1. 


« Eichmond !  ev'n  now 

Thy  living  landscape  spreads  beneath  my  feet, 
Calm  as  the  steep  of  infancy.    The  song 
Of  nature's  vocalists,  the  blossom'd  shrubs. 
The  velvet  verdure,  and  the  o'ershadowing  trees ; 
The  cattle  wading  in  the  clear,  smooth  stream ; 
And,  mirror'd  on  its  surface,  the  deep  glow 
Of  sunset.    The  white  smoke ;  and  yonder  church, 
Half  hid  by  the  gi-een  foliage  of  the  grove :  — 
These  are  thy  charms,  fair  liichmond,  and  thro'  these 
The  river  wafting  many  a  graceful  bark, 
Glides  gently  onward  like  a  lovely  dream, 
Making  the  scene  a  Paradise." 

On  an  adjacent  tree  are  the  following  lines  on 
"  James  Thomson,  the  Poet  of  Nature,"  also  by 
Mr.  John  Heneage  Jesse :  — 

"  Ye,  who  from  London's  smoke  and  turmoil  fly. 
To  seek  a  purer  air  and  brighter  sky ; 


Think  of  the  Bard  who  dwelt  in  yonder  dell. 
Who  sang  so  sweetly  what  he  loved  so  well ; 
Think,  as  ye  gaze  on  these  luxuriant  bowers. 
Here,  Thomson  loved  the  sunshine  and  the  flowers, 
He  Avho  could  paint  in  all  their  varied  forms, 
April's  young  bloom,  December's  dreary  storms. 
By  yon  fair  stream,  which  calmly  glides  along. 
Pure  as  his  life,  and  lovely  as  his  song. 
There  oft  he  roved : — In  j'onder  churchyard  lies ; 
AH  of  the  deathless  Bard  that  ever  dies ; 
For  here  his  gentle  spirit  lingers  still. 
In  j'on  sweet  vale,— on  this  enchanted  hill; 
Flinging  a  holier  interest  o'er  the  grove, 
Stirring  the  heart  to  poetry  and  love ; 
Bidding  us  prize  the  favourite  scenes  he  trod. 
And  view,  in  Nature's  beauties,  Nature's  God." 

2. 
"  Strangers  from  harm,  protect  this  tree  and  seat, 
Where  young  and  old,  for  rest  and  ease  may  meet, 
All  should  unite  to  guard,  what  all  may  share, 
A  general  good,  should  be  a  general  care." 

3. 
"  Hie  Tree  and  the  Woodmen. 
"  A  tree,  'tis  said,  at  Richmond  grew. 
As  tall  as  oak,  as  rough  as  j'ew ; 
The  woodmen  saw  with  envious  eye, 
His  tufted  glories  rising  high : 
Tliis  tree,  cry  they,  the  rest  will  top. 
And  though  we  may  not  fell,  we'll  lop : 
A  thousand  bills  are  straight  pvepar'd ; 
But  soon  they  find  the  work  too  hard. 
Unhurt  it  stood  each  sounding  stroke, 
Their  arms  it  tir'd,  their  tools  it  broke ; 
At  length  one  shook  his  wiser  head. 
And  thus,  his  bill  thrown  by,  he  said : 
'  Ye  fools,  your  labour  vain  forbear, 
This  tree  Reserves  the  woodman's  care; 
See  how  its  friendly  branches  spread, 
In  sultry  suns  to  be  a  shade. 
And  when  from  driving  rains  you  fly, 
This  shelter  will  be  always  nigh ; 
Its  growth  with  pleasure  rather  view, 
It  grows  not  for  itself,  but  you.'' " 


NOTES    ON    "  TRAFALGAR. 

It  is  well  known  that  at  the  battle  of  Trafalgar 
Lord  Nelson's  officers  entertained  great  fears  for 
the  safety  of  their  commander,  who  had  evidently 
made  up  his  mind  to  die  in  the  arms  of  Victory. 
Mr.  Beattle,  the  surgeon,  persisted  in  his  deter- 
mination to  communicate  this  general  feeling  of 
anxiety  to  Nelson ;  and  waited  on  deck  for  the 
purpose  of  requesting  the  Admiral  to  conceal  his 
stars,  which  would  render  him  too  conspicuous  a 
mai'k  for  the  rifles  of  the  enemy.  The  oppor- 
tunity, however,  for  this  hopeless  remonstrance 
never  arrived ;  an  order  from  Nelson,  that  all 
officers  not  stationed  on  deck  should  return  to 
their  "  quarters,"  obliging  the  surgeon  to  go  be- 
low. That  there  was  any  vain  or  avoidable  dis- 
play of  his  splendid  decorations  made  by  the  hero 
on  this  occasion  has  been  an  entirely  erroneous 
supposition,  though  one  which  has  received  the 
sanction  of  Nelson's  biographers.     The  orders 


2nd  s.  No  44,  Nov.  1.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


347 


(winch  were  four  stars  on  the  left  breast)  were 
embroidered  on  the  coat  worn  on  oi'dinary  occa- 
sions. To  those  of  your  readers  who  may  not 
have  referred  to  the  Dispatches  and.  Letters,  the 
following  extracts  from  that  work  may  supply  an 
interesting  correction  of  a  popular  error ; 

"  Lord  Nelson  came  upon  deck  soon  after  daylight ; 
he  was  dressed  as  usual  in  his  Admiral's  frock  coat, 
bearing  on  the  left  breast  four  stars  of  different  orders, 
■which  he  always  wore  ivith  his  common  apparel"  —  Dr. 
Bcattie's  Narrative. 

On  the  morning  of  October  21,  1805,  Nelson 
"  dressed  himself  in  the  same  coat  which  he  had 
commonly  worn  since  he  left  Portsmouth." 

The  above  statement,  made  on  the  authority  of 
Sir  Thomas  Hardy,  and  other  officers  of  the  Vic- 
tory, is  quoted  from  the  United  Service  Magazine 
(No.  CLXiv.,  July,  1842)  : 

"  While  walking  the  deck,  and  after  the  firing  had  com- 
menced. Hardy  remarked  that  the  badge  might  draw 
attention  from  the  enemy's  tops;  to  which  the  hero 
coollj'  replied,  —  'He  was  aware  it  might  be  seen,  but  it 
was  now  too  late  to  be  shifting  a  coat.'  "  —  Ibid. 

"The  facts,"  says  the  editor,  "are  simply  these:  — 
Lord  Nelson  Avas  entitled  to  wear  four  stars" — those  of 
the  Orders  of  the  Bath,  St.  Ferdinand  and  Merit,  the 
Crescent,  and  St.  Joachim.  It  was  then  the  custom  to 
embroider  the  stars  of  Orders  on  the  coat,  instead,  as  now, 
of  occasionally  fixing  them  on  it  b}'  a  clasp  like  a  brooch ; 
so  that  when  the  coat  was  worn,  the  decorations  being 
sewn  upon  it  were  necessarily  worn  at  the  same  time,  ft 
was  also  usual,  before  and  long  after  1805,  for  knights  to 
wear  their  insignia  at  all  times ;  and,  conformably  with 
that  practice.  Lord  Nelson  never  appeared  without  them. 
This  is  an  answer  to  the  assertion  that  he  purposely  put 
on  his  decorations  on  the  eventful  day,  and  to  the  in- 
sinuation that  his  vanity  caused  him  to  wear  his  Orders 
more  frequently  than  was  then  usual." 

The  following  is  from  a  letter  from  Nelson's 
Flag-lieutenant  at  Trafalgar  (Captain  Pasco)  to 
the  editor : 

"The  coat  Lord  Nelson  wore  on  the  2Ist  of  October, 
1805,  was  such  as  he  always  wore  while  I  had  the  honour 
and  happiness  of  serving  under  his  Flag  (nearly  three 
years).  It  had  four  stars  on  the  left  breast,  and  certainly 
no  additional  Order  or  alteration  of  dress  was  used  on 
that  day." 

From  Captain  Sir  George  Wesphal  (a  midship- 
man of  the  Victory,  who  served  at  Trafalgar,)  to 
the  editor : 

"  From  the  period  of  his  Flag  being  hoisted  at  Spit- 
head,  at  the  commencement  of  hostilities  with  France  in 
1803,  to  the  hour  of  his  death,  1  have  no  recollection  of 
ever  seeing  him  wear  a  full-dress  unifonn  coat  on  hoard  the 
Victory,  or  elsewhere;  and  I  am  most  positive  that  the 
coat  which  his  Lordship  wore  on  the  day  the  battle  was 
fought  was  an  old  undress  uniform,  the  skirts  being  lined 
with  white  shalloon  or  linen.  The  four  orders  that  he 
invariably  wore  were  embroidered  on  the  breast  of  every 
coat  I  had  ever  seen  him  wear  from  his  first  hoisting  his 
Flag.  They  were  placed  thus  **•  on  the  left  breast  of 
his  coat,  the  Order  of  the  Bath  being  uppermost.  I  feel 
persuaded  that  you  cannot  have  better  authority  than 
my  own  fcr  the  truth  of  this  disputed  question ;  because, 


when  I  was  carried  down  wounded,  I  was  placed  by  the 
side  of  his  Lordship,  and  his  coat  was  rolled  up  and  put 
as  the  substitute  for  a  pillow  under  my  head,  which  was 
then  bleeding  very  much  from  the  wound  I  had  received ; 
and  when  the  battle  was  over,  and  an  attempt  was  made 
to  remove  the  coat,  several  of  the  bullions  of  the  epaulette 
were  found  to  be  so  firmly  glued  into  my  hair,  by  the 
coagulated  blood  from  my  wound,  that  the  bullions,  four 
or  five  of  them,  were  cut' off,  and  left  in  my  hair;  one  of 
which  I  have  still  in  mj-^  possession.',' 

The  coat  and  waistcoat  worn  by  Lord  Nelson 
when  he  fell  at  Trafalgar  were,  in  a  very  handsome 
manner,  purchased  by  H.  R.  H.  Piince  Albert, 
and  presented  to  Greenwich  Hospital,  —  where 
lies  the  precious  relic  worn  by  the  great  hero  at 
the  battle  of  the  Nile.  A  cheque  for  150/.  was 
placed  in  the  editor's  hands  to  effect  the  above 
object,  who  had  examined  the  coat,  then  in  the 
possession  of  Mrs.  Smith  (June,  1845),  and  found 
the  "stars"  all  "firmly  sewn  on  it." 

No  sword  was  worn  by  Nelson  at  the  battle  of 
Trafalgar,  the  only  action  in  which  he  ever  ap- 
peared without  it.  The  sword  had  been  laid  on 
his  table,  and  was  never  called  for  —  a  memorable 
omission !  F.  Phillott. 


DEED  RELATING  TO  ARNCMFFB,  CO.  YORK. 

As  I  believe  deeds  of  the  time  of  Henry  VI.  in 
the  English  language  are  matters  of  antiquarian 
curiosity,  I  send  you  the  following  verbatim  copy 
of  an  award  of  partition  dated  May  4,  1440,  by 
which  the  estate  of  ArnclitFe,  in  the  North  Riding 
of  Yorkshire,  and  other  estates,  came  to  Sir  Wil- 
liam Mauleverer  in  right  of  his'Wife,  the  sister  and 
co-heir  of  Sir  John  Colville. 

The  original  deed,  along  with  many  other  curi- 
ous and  ancient  evidences,  is  in  the  possession  of 
the  present  Mr.  Mauleverer  at  ArnclifFe  Hall. 
There  are  two  seals  attached  to  the  deed,  of  which 
one  is  too  much  worn  and  injured  to  be  decy- 
phered,  and  the  other  bears  the  impression  of  a 
greyhound  passant,  with  "R"  above  and  "M" 
below  the  animal.  This  is  evidently  the  seal  of 
Robert  Mauleverer,  one  of  the  arbitrators. 

DOUGL.AS  BeOAVN. 

G.  Pump  Court,  Temple. 

"This  indente  beds  witenes  that  S'  John  Colvj-le  dyed 
seisyd  of  c'tayne  man's,  landes,  te'ments,  rents,  and  s'vis 
wyth  thare  app'ten'ntj  in  ye  counte3  of  Yorke  and 
Northumberl',  That  is  to  saj-'of  ye  man's  of  Heslerton, 
Lutton,  Thymelby,  West  Rownton,  ArneclyfF,  with  ye 
towne  of  Ingylby,  Dale  in  Blakamore,  Syggeston,  w*  ye 
app'ten'nce  in  ye  counte  of  Yorke.  And  ye  man's  of 
liodyll  and  Spyndelstone  in  ye  counte  of  Northumberl', 
eftyr  whose  dede  these  saj'd  man's,  landes,  ten'ts,  rents, 
and  s'vices  Avyth  ye  app'ten'nts  dissendyd  to  Isabell  and 
Jonet,  sisters  and  heirs  to  ye  sayd  S'  John.  The  p'titioii 
of  ye  saj'd  man'rs,  landes,  ten'ts,  rents,  and  s'vices  w' 
thare  app'ten'nce,  be  assent  and  grement  of  Will'm  ffen- 
cots  and  ye  sayd  Isabell  his  wyfe,  tone  \_sic'\  of  ye  heirs  of 
ye  sayd  S'  John  And  of  Will'm  Mauleverer  chr'  and  Jonet 
his  wyfe,  tother  of  ye  heirs  of  ye  sayd  S'  John,  is  put  in 


348 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«»a  S.  No  44.,  Kov.  1.  '66. 


award  and  orden'nce  and  jugement  of  John  Thwayt  and 
Eobt.  Mauleverer,  ase  it  apperes  be  one  oblii?ation  that 
ye  sayd  Will'm  fFencot  is  bondon  in  to  ye  sayd  S'  Will'm 
Mauleverer  in  c  m'rc,  beryng  date  xx  day  of  Septembre 
ye  ^here  of  kyng  henry  ye  vite  efter  ye  conquest  ye 
xviij".  And  in  semblable  wyse  ye  sayd  S'  Will'm  is 
bondon  by  his  obligation  to  ye  sayd  Will'm  ffencotes  in 
c  m'rc,  beryng  date  beforesayd.  The  saydes  John 
Thwaytes  and  Robt.  is  agreyd,  ordauntes,  and  awardes 
be  assent  of  ye  p'ties  beforesaj'-d,  and  as  it  apperes  be  In- 
dentes  made  be  the  sayd  p'ties  ye  sayd  p'tition  to  be  hade 
in  the  fo'me  suying.  That  is  to  knowe  to  all  man'  of 
people  that  ye  sayd  Will'm  ffencotes  and  Isabell  his  vryfe 
sail  hafe  and  holcle  ye  man's  of  Heslerton  and  Lutton,  ye 
man's  of  Th\'melby  and  West  Rownton  wyth  thare  app'- 
ten'nte  to  ye  saydes  Will'm  ffencotes  and  Isabel!,  and 
to  ye  hers  of  hir  body  begettjm.  And  ye  sayd  S'  Will'm 
Mauleverer  and  Jonet  his  ^vyfe  sail  hafe  and  holde  ye 
man's  of  Arneclyff  wyth  ye  towne  of  Ingelby,  ye  man'r  of 
Daletowne  in  Blackamo'e,  ye  man'e  of  Syggestone  wyth 
thare  appo'ten'nce,  in  ye  counte  of  Yorke,  and  the  man'es 
of  Bodyll  and  Spjmdelstone  wyth  ye  appo'ten'nce,  in  ye 
counte  of  Northumberl',  to  ye  sayd  S'  Will'm  Mauleverer 
and  Jonet,  and  to  ye  hers  of  hir  bodj''  begettyn.  And  in 
fulfillyng  of  this  awarde  trewly  to  be  Iseppyd  ye  sayd 
John  and  Robt.  awardes,  ordaunts,  and  demes  that  5'e 
sayd  S'  Will'm  sail  sewe  a  writt  de  p'ticto'e  faciend'  at 
ye  costes  of  ye  saydes  p'ties.  And  this  sayd  p'tition  to 
be  made  be  ye  force  of  ye  sayd  writt  like  als  ye  lawe  will 
ye  next  t'me  eftyr  ye  date  of  this  awarde.  And  to  ye 
wittenes  of  these  indentes  the  saydes  John  and  Robt. 
hafe  sev'ally  sette  to  y  scales.  Written  at  Ripon  ye  iiijt« 
daj-  of  Maj',  ye  ^here  of  kyng  henry  sext,  efter  conquest 
xviij«." 


Minav  ^attS. 

WyMs  Globe. — ■About  the  year  1839,  the  late 
Mr.  Wm.  Vialls  proposed  a  Georama  in  London  ; 
and  a  meeting  waS  held  for  its  promotion  in  Pall 
Mall,  with  the  Duke  of  Sussex  in  the  chair,  at 
which  Mr.  Wyld  was  present  as  a  patron  of  the 
plan.  He  then  mentioned  his  own  views  ;  and  his 
plan  differed  from  the  other  in  looking  at  the  globe 
from  the  inside,  instead  of  from  the  outside  as  in 
Mr.  Viall's  globe,  which  was  to  have  been  placed 
at  the  Colosseum.  The  times  were  then  unfa- 
vourable, and,  soon  after  the  meeting,  Mr.  Vialls 
died,  and  the  plan  fell  to  the  ground. 

Hyde  Clakkb. 

Jen  d Esprit.  —  I  find  the  following  jeii  d'esprit 
among  some  so-called  autographs.  Whether  it  is 
really  what  it  pretends  to  be  or  not,  I  cannot  tell. 

"  Would  you  have  each  blessing  full, 
Hither  fly,  and  live  with  Bull ; 
Feast  for  body,  feast  for  mind, 
Best  of  welcome,  Taste  refined, 
Bull  does  nothing  here  by  halves, 
All  other  Landlords  are  but  Calves. 

«  T.  Erskine." 

Query,  Who  was  Bull  ?  C.  W.  Bingham. 

Foreign  Journals  and  Reviews,  — 

"  The  number  of  newspapers  published  in  the  kingdom 
of  Saxony  is  220;  in  Austria,  271 ;  in  Bavaria,  178;  in 
Wurtemberg,  99;  and  in  Hanover,  89.    Italy  possesses 


311  journals  and  reviews,  and  Switzerland  more  than 
563." 

The  above  extract  is  taken  from  OalignanHs 
Messenger,  September  9.  1856.  W.  W. 

Malta. 

Kenton  Bells.  —  As  the  Rev.  H.  T.  Elf.a- 
COMBE  is  curious  about  the  inscriptions  on  bells, 
I  send  you  a  copy  of  some  taken  thirty  years  ago 
from  his  neighbourhood,  Kenton  Church,  Devon. 

"  Inscriptions  on  Kenton  Sells. 

1st  Bell  Treble.     '  Glory  to  God  on  high.'     T.  Bilbie. 

2nd.     '  God  save  the  King.'    T.  Bilbie,  1747. 

3rd.     Capt.  John  Oram,  and  Capt.  Saml.  Teage. 

4th.  Edward  Morrish,  and  Richard  Morrish.  T.  Bil- 
bie, cast  all  we.     1747. 

5th.  Bilbie  the  Founder.  Rugg  the  Hanger,  Carter 
the  Smith,  and  treble  Ringer. 

Cth.  '  Hue  verte  pedes,  hue  iter  in  Astra.'  The  Honble. 
Sir  William  Courtenav,  Baronet.  The  lievd.  Robt.  Chute, 
Vicar.  The  Revd.  Wm.  Hatherly,  Curate.  Wm.  Clilford 
Martyn,  Esq.,  and  Wm.  Mann,  Gent.,  Churchwardens, 
1747.    T.  Bilbie,  fecit." 

Wm.  Colltns. 

Chudleigh. 

Compensativeness.  —  It  is  a  rather  singular 
coincidence  that  the  three  English  counties  which 
contained  the  most  extensive  seminaries  of  me- 
diaeval or  monastic  learning  should  have  also 
produced  the  three  greatest  promulgators  of 
modern  (or  anti-monastic)  philosophy. 

Lincolnshire,  which  contained  the  Abbey  of 
Croyland,  produced  Sir  Isaac  Newton.  Somerset- 
shire, in  which  the  Abbey  of  Glastonbury  was 
situate,  gave  birth  to  John  Locke.  Middlesex, 
the  seat  of  the  Abbey  of  St.  Peter  at  Westminster, 
was  the  native  county  of  Francis  Bacon. 

The  revenues  of  Westminster  and  Glastonbury 
were  by  far  the  largest  in  the  kingdom  at  the 
period  of  the  Dissolution.  Henry  T.  KiiiET. 

Old  Friends  with  New  Faces.  —  You  have 
chronicled  some  re-issues  of  books  with  a  second 
title.     Allow  me  to  add  another  to  the  list : 

"  Theatrical  Biography,  on  Memoirs  of  the  Principal 
Performers  of  the  Three  Theatres  Roj'al,  Drury  Lane, 
Covent  Garden,  and  Haymarket.     1772.    2  vols." 

is  substantially  the  same  (there  are  editorial  in- 
sertions, omissions,  and  alterations),  as  — 

«  Secret  History  of  the  Green  Room.    1792.    2  vols." 
under  which  latter  title  it  seems  to  have  "gone 
off,"  as  I  have  seen  a  "fourth  edition"   bearing 
that  title,  and  the  date  1795  or  1796. 

As  far  as  I  have  had  opportunity  of  comparison, 
each  edition,  I  should  say,  has  undergone  correc- 
tion. And  in  this  fourth  edition,  I  saw  an  addition 
which  I  regret  not  having  copied.  If,  therefore, 
any  correspondent  could  and  would  favour  me 
with  the  loan  of  it  for  a  few  days,  it  would  confer 
a  great  obligation  on  Tee  Beb. 


2nd  s.  N«  44.,  Nov.  1.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


349 


An  Alderman  of  London  fined  Fifty  Pounds.  — 
The  annexed  account  of  the  operation  of  a  bye- 
law  in  London  at  an  early  period   is  worth  no- 

■  ticing.  I  extracted  it  from  an  abridgement  of 
Grafton's  Chronicle^  edition  1563. 

"London,  14G7.  This  yeare  John  Darby,  Alderman, 
because  he  refused  to  pay  for  the  carriage  away  of  a  ded 
dogge  that  lay  at  his  dorc,  and  did  also  geue  euell  lan- 
gwage  vnto  the  Maior,  was  by  a  court  of  Aldermen 
denied  to  a  fyne  of  fyfty  poundes,  and  he  paled  euery 
pciiy." 

Henry  Kensington. 

Abbey  Libraries.  —  I  do  not  know  whether  any 
of  your  correspondents  have  made  mention  of  the 
"  Catalogus  Librorum  "  of  the  library  at  Glaston- 
bury, in  the  year  1248.  It  seems  to  have  been  a 
splendid  collection,  for  the  period.  At  the  Disso- 
lution, many  of  these  MSS.  found  their  way  to 
the  library  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge.     The 

■  catalogue  is  given  by  Hcarne,  in  his  Appendix  to 
John  of  Glastonbury's  Chronicles  of  that  Abbey, 
Oxford,  1726.  Henet  T.  Rilet. 

Derivation  of  '•''  Folly."  —  Is  it  possible  that  the 
widely  prevailing  word  folly,  applied  to  some 
unstable  or  objectless  building,  may  have  been 
originally  suggested  by  the  old  Norman-French 
foillie,  which  we  find  in  the  Roman  de  Rou,  line 
12,136  : 

"  Mult  veient  loges  hfoilUes," 

and  which  is  explained  by  M.  Pluquet  as  — 
"  Baraques  faites  avec  des  branches  d'arbre"  ? 

C.  W.  Bingham. 


^miiti. 


BALLAD    ON    AGINCOURT. 

In  the  Introduction  to  Shakspeare's  Henry  F., 
in  my  new  edition,  now  in  the  press,  I  have 
printed  a  ballad  on  the  battle  of  Agincourt,  re- 
garding which  I  can  obtain  no  intelligence.  I  am 
not  aware  that  it  has  ever  been  published  in  any 
of  our  collections  of  popular  poetry,  or  separately, 
since  the  time  the  black-lefrer  broadside  was 
issued,  which  is  thus  headed :  "  Agin  Court,  or 
the  English  Bowman's  Glory  ;  to  a  pleasant  new 
Tune."  And  it  purports,  at  the  end,  to  have  been 
"printed  for  Henry  Harper,  in  Smithfield;"  but 
without  any  date  of  the  year,  or  any  mark  of 
authorship.     The  first  stanza  is  this : 

"  Agincourt,  Agincourt ; 
Know  ye  not  Agincourt, 
Where  English  slue  and  hurt 

All  their  French  foemen? 
With  our  pikes  and  bills  brown. 
How  the  French  were  beat  down. 

Shot  by  our  bowmen." 

Every  stanza  begins  in  the  same  way,  with 
"  Agincourt,  Agincourt ;"  and  there  are  eleven  of 


them,  some  possessing  great  spirit  and  consider- 
able poetical  excellence.  Thus,  the  fifth  stanza 
runs  as  follows : 

"  Agincourt,  Agincourt ; 
Know  ye  not  Agincourt  ? 
Either  tale,  or  report 

Quickly  will  show  men 
What  can  be  done  by  courage, 
Men  without  food  or  forage  ; 
Still  lusty  bowmen." 

Again,  where  the  king  is  mentioned,  stanza  9. : 
"  Agincourt,  Agincourt ; 
Know  ye  not  Agincourt  ? 
When  our  best  hopes  were  nought, 
J,  Tenfold  our  foemen ; 

Harry  led  his  men  to  battle. 
Slue  the  French  like  sheep  and  cattle: 
Huzza !  our  bowmen." 

The  last  stanza  is  this  : 

"  Agincourt,  Agincourt; 
Know  ye  not  Agincourt? 
Dear  was  the  victory  bought 

By  fifty  yeomen. 
Ask  any  English  wench. 
They  were  worth  all  the  French : 
Rare  English  bowmen ! " 

What  I  want  to  know  is,  whether  any  of  your 
readers  can  give  me  any  tidings  of  such  a  pro- 
duction ?  Have  they  seen  it  printed,  or  quoted, 
or  noted  any  where  ?  Do  they  know  its  date  ? 
From  the  black-letter  type,  it  seems  to  me  that 
Harper  republished  it  considerably  before  the 
Restoration  —  perhaps  in  the  reign  of  Charles  I. 

Another  point  on  which  I  need  information  is, 
whether,  if  any  duplicate  copy  be  known,  the  last 
line  in  it  is  :  i^^ 

«  Rare  English  bdHIn^  " 

or  whether  it  is  — 

"  Rare  English  women  ?  " 

The  copy  I  have  used  has  the  last,  which  I  am 
persuaded  is  a  misprint,  because  every  other 
stanza  ends  with  "  bowmen,"  and  the  old  printer 
(it  must  have  been  a  reprint  of  an  older  impres- 
sion when  it  came  out  of  Harper's  shop)  no  doubt 
was  misled  by  the  mention  of  "  English  wench," 
in  the  fifth  line  of  the  concluding  stanza.  In 
short,  I  shall  be  much  obliged  for  any  information 
regarding  this  production.        J.  Payne  Collieb. 

Maidenhead. 


"CANDIDe"    AND   THE    "QUARTERLY   REVIEW." 

In  an  article  entitled  "Whately's  Edition  of 
Bacon's  Essays,"  in  the  last  number  (cxcviii.)  of 
the  Quarterly  Review,  the  writer  quotes  "  the 
contemporaneous  examples  of  dethroned  sove- 
reigns, when  Voltaire  wrote  his  Candide.  They 
were  sufficiently  numerous  to  suggest  one  of  the 
most  striking  passages  in  the  work.  Candide,  at 
Venice,  sits  down  to  supper  with  six  strangers 
who  are  staying  at  the  same  hotel  with  himself; 


350 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  44.,  Nov.  1.  '56. 


and  as  the  servants,  to  his  astonishment,  address 
each  of  them  by  the  title  of  "  your  Majesty,"  he 
asks  for  an  explanation  of  the  pleasantry.  The 
explanations  are  given  by  the  ex-sovereigns :  — 
Achmet  III.,  Ivan  ("  Emperor  of  all  the  Kussias, 
but  dethroned  when  he  was  in  his  cradle"),  Charles 
Edward  King  of  England,  King  of  Poland,  another 
King  of  Poland,  lastly,  Theodore  King  of  Corsica. 
Theodore  said  to  his  co-sovereigns  :  — 

"I  was  called  'Your  Majesty,'  and  at  present  am 
hardly  called  '  Sir ; '  I  have  caused  money  to  be  coined, 
and  do  not  now  possess  a  penny ;  I  have  had  two  Secre- 
taries of  State,  and  I  have  now  scarcely  a  servant.  I 
have  sat  upon  a  throne,  and  was  long  in  a  prison  in 
London  upon  straw,"  &c. 

The  story  is  thus  continued  by  the  Quarterly 
reviewer : 

"  The  five  other  kings  heard  this  confession  with  a 
noble  compassion.  Each  of  them  gave  King  Theodore 
twenty  sequins  to  buy  some  clothes  and  shirts.  Candide 
presented  him  with  a  diamond  worth  two  thousand  se- 
quins. 'Who,'  said  the  five  Kings,  'is  this  man  who 
can  afford  to  give  a  hundred  times  as  much  as  any  of  us? 
Are  you  also  a  King  ? '  '  No,  your  Majesties,  and  I  have  no 
desire  to  be.'  " 

The  reviewer  proceeds : 

"  The  last  stroke  is  an  instance  of  Voltaire's  consum- 
mate art,  very  common  with  him  by  a  single  phrase, 
Avhich  tells  with  electric  rapidity  and  force." 

Now,  I  cannot  see  that  "  the  last  stroke  is  an 
instance  of  consummate  art;"  on  the  contrary,  I 
think  it  much  wanting  in  the  terse  smartness  and 
slyness  of  Voltaire.  But  my  greater  difficulty  is, 
tliat  I  cannot  findthe  words,  which  I  have  marked 
above  in  Ital^^^n  my  copies,  in  French,  of 
Candide!  I^flKs  what  I  believe  to  be  either 
the  first,  or  a  very  early,  edition  of  Candide.  It 
purports  to  be  "  Candide,  ou  L'  Oj)timisme,  traduit 
de  I'Allemand  de  Mr.  Le  Docteur  Ralph."  There 
is  no  printer's  name,  nor  place  on  the  title-page ; 
and  as  to  date,  simply  at  its  foot  "  mdcclix."  As 
the  work  was  not  avowed,  in  any  way,  that  I  am 
aware  of,  this  style  of  issue  will  not  surpi-ise.  The 
words  marked  in  Italics  are  not  there  :  only,  after 
"  as  any  of  us"  [autant  que  chacun  de  nous^,  it  is 
added  "  et  qui  le  donne"  (and  ivho  gives  it,  as  I 
translate),  and  without  any  note  of  interrogation ; 
and  nothing  to  justify  the  inquiry,  "  Are  you  also 
a  King  ?"  &c.  I  have  Romans  de  Voltaire.  Stereo- 
type, D'Herman,  Paris,  1809.  Candide  appears 
in  its  "  tome  premier."  The  words  given  already 
in  Italics  are  not  there,  only  "  et  qui  le  donne  ?" 
having,  however,  a  note  of  interrogation. 

As,  I  dare  say,  the  reviewer  has  good  ground 
for  his  quotation,  though  my  limited  collection 
does  not  enable  me  to  authenticate  it, — and  as  the 
difference  is  certainly  rather  remarkable, — I  shall 
feel  obliged  by  an  explanation  of  the  cause  of  the 
discrepancy.  A  Hermit  at  Hampstead. 


iStltuor  dhxttviti. 

George  Herherfs  Letter  to  Bishop  Andreives.  — 
In  Walton's  Life  of  George  Herbert  occurs  the 
following  notice  of  Bishop  Andrewes  : 

"  And  for  the  learned  Bishop,  it  is  observable,  that  at 
that  time  there  fell  to  be  a  modest  debate  betwixt  tl.em 
two  about  Predestination  and  Sanctity  of  life ;  of  both 
which  the  Orator  [George  Herbert]  did,  not  long  after, 
send  the  Bishop  some  safe  and  useful  aphorisms,  in  a  long 
letter  written  in  Greek ;  Avhich  letter  was  so  remarkable  for 
the  language  and  reason  of  it,  that,  after  the  reading 
it,  the  Bishop  put  it  into  his  bosom,  and  did  often  show  it 
to  many  scholars,  both  of  this  and  foreign  nations ;  but 
did  always  return  it  back  to  the  place  where  he  first 
lodged  it,  and  continued  it  so  near  his  heart  till  the  last 
day  of  his  life." 

Is  this  letter,  or  a  copy  of  it,  extant  in  any 
public  or  private  library  ?  J.  Yeowell. 

Bandalore ;  Robespierre,  —  In  a  French  Al- 
manac, published  in  Paris  during  the  time  of  tlie 
first  Revolution,  there  is  a  figure,  facing  the  title- 
page,  representing  a  man  holding  a  bandalore.  Is 
there  any  symbolical  meaning  in  this  ?  I  have 
heard  it  stated  that  Robespierre  was  the  inventor 
of  this  curious  toy.  The  name,  however,  has  the 
appearance  of  an  East  Indian  origin.  It  is  not  to 
be  found  in  \\  ebster's  Dictionary.  The  bandalore 
was  formerly  a  very  favourite  toy,  but  the  use  of 
it  appears  to  be  now  dying  out.  Can  any  of  your 
correspondents  give  further  information  as  to  its 
name  and  origin  ?  Henky  T.  Riley. 

Sir  Robert  Sale's  Arms.  —  What  were  the  arms 
of  the  late  Major-Gen.  Sir  Robert  Sale,  G.  C.  B.  ? 

T.  B. 

Archer  the  English  Siruame.  —  As  I  am  about 
to  publish  a  work  on  the  English  sirname  of 
"Archer,"  any  information  on  the  subject  would 
much  oblige  J.  B.  S, 

Edinburgh. 

Drawings  in  the  Vatican.  —  I  have  been  told 
that  it  is  believed  there  are  deposited  in  the  Va- 
tican Library  the  plans  and  elevations  of  the  an- 
cient ecclesiastic^  edifices,  abbeys  in  particular, 
of  England,  representing  them  as  they  appeared 
before  the  Reformation.  Will  any  of  your 
readers  who  are  informed  on  this  subject  oblige 
me  by  saying  whether  this  supposition  is  founded 
in  fact  ?  Jaytee. 

Can  Incubating  Partridges  be  scented  by  Dogs  ? 
—  During  the  past  hatching  season,  a  well-known 
Worcestershire  sportsman  more  than  once  ob- 
served that  his  dogs  would  pass  very  close  to  a 
nest,  on  which  a  partridge  was  sitting,  without 
scenting,  or  disturbing,  the  bird.  To  test  this 
point  thoroughly,  the  sportsman  took  there  a 
pointer  of  the  keenest  "  nose,"  who  would  ap- 
proach within  a  yard  of  the  nest,  and  fail  to  scent 


2nd  s.  N«  44.,  Nov.  1.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


351 


its  sitting  occupant.  This  experiment  was  many 
times  repeated,  with  the  same  result ;  and  several 
cases,  similar  to  this,  have  also  come  to  my  know- 
ledge. Are  these  cases  exceptions  to  the  rule,  or 
is  it  a  proved  fact  that  partridges  cannot  be 
scented  during  the  time  of  their  incubation? 
Some  of  my  informants,  who  were  positive  as  to 
this  applying  to  partridges,  were  doubtful  of  its 
application  to  pheasants.  I  have  been  told  by 
more  than  one  gamekeeper,  that  both  partridges 
and  pheasants  prefer  to  lay  their  eggs  close  to 
some  path,  "  riding,"  or  Avaggon-road,  in  pre- 
ference to  more  retired  spots  within  the  covers 
and  coppices.  Have  these  circumstances  been 
noted  in  works  on  natural  history  ? 

CUTHBERT  BeDE,  B.A. 

Ancient  Stone  at  Hayle,  co.  Cornwall.  —  Some 
years  since,  whilst  workmen  were  excavating  the 
side  of  a  hill  in  the  grounds  of  the  Messrs.  Harvey, 
at  Hayle,  in  the  county  of  Cornwall,  they  came  to 
an  upright  stone,  in  size  and  shape  not  much  un- 
like a  common  milestone,  or  it  might  be  a  trifle 
higher.  A  rudely  cut  inscription  (partly  oblite- 
rated) crossed  its  face  diagonally  from  left  to 
right.  When  I  saw  the  stone,  in  1849,  it  had  been 
re-erected  by  the  side  of  a  path,  nearly  in  the 
same  spot  where  found.  I  then  was  not  able  to 
get  a  satisfactory  account  of  the  stone,  or  its  in- 
scription ;  and  since  that  time,  I  have  been  too 
far  removed  to  consult  the  works  or  persons  likely 
to  furnish  information  on  the  subject.  Can  any 
of  your  Cornish  antiquarian  contributors  throw 
any  light  on  the  matter  ? 

I  have  some  indistinct  idea  that  there  is  a  paper 
on  the  subject  in  one  of  the  annual  l^ransactions 
of  the  Royal  Cornwall  Polytechnic  Society. 

J.  H.  A.  Bone. 

Cleveland,  Ohio,  U.  S. 

Boarding- Schools  at  Hackney  and  Bow.  —  From 
an  early  period  these  suburbs  seem  to  have  been 
famous  for  their  ladies'  boarding-schools.  Chau- 
cer's Nonne  had  been  educated  at  "  the  Scheie  of 
Stratford  atte  Bow,"  or  in  other  words,  the  nun- 
nery there.  Any  particulars  of  these  schools 
(successors  probably  of  the  nunnery)  down  to  the 
time  of  The  Spectator,  or  even  later,  would  be  by 
no  means  devoid  of  interest.        Henry  T.  Riley. 

Can  Wate?-- Drinkers  become  Poets  ?  —  I  believe 
it  is  Ci'atinus,  who  says,  — 

"  Nulla  placere  diu,  neque  vivere,  carmina  possunt 
Qufe  scribuntur  aqua;  potoribus." 

Perhaps  Chapman,  the  translator  of  Homer,  may 
be  an  exception  ;  for  Antony  Wood  describes  him 
as  a  person  of  most  reverend  aspect,  religious,  and 
temperate;  adding,  with  his  usual  acrimony, 
"qualities  rarely  meeting  in  a  poet."  Some  of 
your  correspondents  belonging  to  the  Temperance 
League  may  in  all  probability  be   able,  for  the 


credit  of  their  order,  to  enumerate  a  few  examples 
in  contradiction  of  the  sweeping  denunciation  of 
Cratinus.  N.  L.  T. 

Rue.  —  In  Burke's  Romance  of  the  Forum  it  is 
said  that  during  the  trial  of  Mrs.  Manning,  "  th(j 
bench  of  the  dock  was,  according  to  custom, 
strewn  with  rue." 

What  is  supposed  to  be  the  origin  of  this  cus- 
tom, and  is  it  confined  to  the  Central  Criminal 
Court  ?  C.  C. 

Colonel  Clelajid,  Griffith,  Will  Honeycomb.  — 
I  once  read  that  Dr.  Griffith  had  the  audacity,  in 
an  early  number  of  the  Monthly  Review,  to  give  a 
favourable  review  ofCleland's  infamous  work  — 
Memoirs  of  a  Woman  of  Pleasure,  better  known 
to  the  sellers  and  buyers  of  literary  garbage  under 
another  name.  I  do  not  remember  any  authority ; 
and,  so  far  as  I  have  searched  the  Monthly  Review, 
I  cannot  find  any  such  article.  Can  any  of  your 
readers  give  me  some  information  thereon  ?  Was 
this  book  written  by  Addison's  "  Will  Honey- 
comb," or  by  his  son  ?  I  have  seen  it  attributed 
to  each  of  them  In  print.  Henry  T.  Riley. 

"  Athaliah  "  and  "  Esther.'''  —  There  was  pub- 
lished at  Edinburgh  in  1803,  a  translation  of  Ra- 
cine's dramas  Athaliah  and  Esther.  Who  was  the 
author  of  this  translation  ?  There  Is  a  dedication 
by  the  translator  to  the  Duchess  of  Gordon. 

R.J. 

"  The  Art  of  Complaisance,^''  S^c.  —  In  a  little 
work  entitled  The  Art  of  CcmmL^isance,  or  the 
Means  to  oblige  in  Conversa^K ^ox\i\.  1673, 
12mo.,  the  dedication  to  Mr^f.TB.  is  signed 
with  the  initials  S.  C.  There  is  a  copy  in  the 
Bodleian,  but  the  compiler  of  the  catalogue  does 
not  appear  to  have  known  the  name  of  the  author. 
There  was  a  Samuel  Colvllle,  a  Scotchman,  who 
printed  a  work  called  the  Grand  Imposture,  Edin. 
1673,  4to.,  and  is  better  known  as  the  author  of  a 
mock  poem  called  The  Whigg's  Supplication,  the 
first  edition  of  which  was  printed  at  London,  1681. 
Could  this  gentleman  be  the  S.  C.  in  question  ? 
Perhaps  some  of  your  readers  might  throw  some 
light  on  this  subject ;  the  work  itself  is  an  original 
treatise,  not  borrowed  from  the  French,  well 
written,  and  replete  with  excellent  advice.  The 
author  is  very  severe  on  the  stage  plays  of  the 
period,  and  on  those  dramatic  authors  who  "  say 
they  write  to  please  the  humour  of  the  age,  as  If 
nothing  could  be  agreeable  to  us,  but  the  seeing 
the  most  horrid  vices  of  the  most  wretched  of 
men  render'd  amiable  under  the  name  of  vertues, 
and  by  discourses  full  of  rottenness  and  bawdery." 

J.  M. 

Box  called  "  MichaeV  —  In  the  north  of  Eng- 
land I  have  heard  a  large  box  called  a  "  Michael." 
Now  one  name  for  a  large  box  is  also  "  ark."     Is 


552 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"d  S.  N<»  44,  Nov.  1.  '56. 


it  possible  that  some  punster  may  have  given  this 
1  lame  to  the  box  or  ark  because  Michael  is  the 
^Arch-angel  (Ark-angel)  ?  Henky  T.  Riley. 

"  Matty  Murray's  Money T  —  I  heard  a  servant- 
girl  say  the  other  day,  speaking  of  the  growth  of 
an  infant,  "  Aye,  he's  gaining,  like  Matty  Mur- 
ray's money."  Upon  my  inquiring  the  source  of 
.  this  adage,  she  was  unable  to  give  me  any  further 
information  on  the  subject,  beyond  "  It's  only  a 
saying  we  have."  I  am  therefore  left  to  the  in- 
ference that  Matty  Murray  was  a  prudent  Scotch- 
woman, whose  thrift  passed  into  a  proverb.  I 
should  like  to  know,  however,  whether  the  saying 
is  a  local  one,  or  has  a  lodgment  in  other  by-places 
of  the  land.  John  Pavin  Phillips. 

Haverfordwest. 

King  of  Spain  s  Sirname,  Norway.  —  Lord 
Bacon,  in  his  thirty-fifth  essay,  Of  Prophecies, 
gives  the  prophecy : 

"  There  shall  be  seen  upon  a  day, 
Between  the  Baugh  and  the  May, 
The  black  fleet  of  Norway,"  &c.  &c. 

To  "which  he  adds : 

"  It  was  generally  conceived  to  be  meant  of  the  Spanish 
fleet  that  came  in  eightj'^-eight :  for  that  the  King  of 
Spain's  sirname,  as  they  say,  is  Norway." 

Can  any  of  your  readers  explain  the  meaning 
of  this  explanation  ?  which  would  appear,  if  we 
construe  strictly  the  words,  "  as  they  say,"  to  have 
in  some  degree  satisfied  Lord  Bacon.  I  confess 
that  I  am  not  so  easily  satisfied  that  the  king's 
sirname  was^Norway."  Is  an  anagram  a  key 
to  the  difBcu^^P 

Also  what  pwrts  of  the  land  or  sea  are  meant 
under  the  names  of  "  Baugh  "  and  "  May  ?  " 

Henry  T.  Riley. 

Cromvjell  in  Ireland.  —  Mr.  Wilde,  in  his  Beau- 
ties of  the  Boyne  and  the  Blackv)ater,  p.  105.  says  : 

"Our  learned  friend  [the  late]  Mr.  Ilardiman  has 
made  a  collection  of  all  the  documents  relating  to  Crom- 
well in  Ireland,  and  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  the  Irisli 
Archaeological  Society  will  have  funds  sufficient  to  publish 
them." 

Is  this  hope,  in  which  I  heartily  concur,  likely 
to  be  realised  ?  Abhba. 

Scipio's  Shield,  —  I  have  somewhere  read  that 
Scipio's  shield,  made  of  silvei",  was  found  about 
two  centuries  since  in  the  river  Rhone.  Is  this 
the  fact^  and  if  so,  where  is  it  now  ?  Does  any 
ancient  writer  mention  the  loss  of  this  shield  ? 

Henry  T.  Riley. 

Mark  Strother  of  Kirkneioton.  —  Will  any 
reader  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  (especially  Mr.  Raine, 
whom  I  beg  to  thank  for  his  courteous  notice  of 
the  last  Query  on  this  family)  furnish  me  with 
information  respecting  Mark  Strother  of  Kirk- 
newtoD,  in  Northumberland,  high  sheriff  for  that 


county  1714  ?     Required  the  name&  of  father  and 
mother,  who  did  he  marry,  and  had  he  any  issue  ? 

Armorial. 

Bonac.  —  Jean  Louis  D'Usson,  Marquis  de 
Bonac,  was  sent  ambassador  to  Constantinople  by 
the  French  Court  in  1715.  Some  account  is  re- 
quired of  him  or  his  family,  or  of  his  embassy. 
The  Armorial  General  merely  mentions  his  name. 

T.  J. 

"  The  Conftision."  —  Can  you  inform  we  who  is 
the  translator  of  The  Confusion.,  or  the  Wag,  a 
play  from  the  German  of  Kotzebue,  published  at 
Cambridge,  1842  ?  R.  J. 

Shaking  in  a  Sheet.  —  A  few  days  ago  two  wo- 
men were  charged  by  another  woman  before  the 
justices  at  Driffield,  Yorkshire  (East  Riding), 
with  an  assault.  It  was  alleged  in  defence  that  it 
was  a  custom  to  shake  in  a  sheet  every  newly  mar- 
ried woman  the  first  time  she  went  out  to  glean  corn, 
which  was  the  case  with  complainant. 

This  custom  was  however  held  not  to  be  a 
justification  of  the  assault  in  point  of  law,  and  the 
defendants  were  fined  7^.  Qd.  each.  Query,  What 
is  the  origin  of  this  custom,  and  does  it  exist  else- 
where than  on  the  Wolds  of  Yorkshire,  where 
these  parties  resided  ?  Dagmot. 

Motto  of  Sir  William  Temple.  —  I  should  be 
glad  to  know  why  Sir  William  Temple's  portrait, 
in  an  edition  of  his  Works,  which  I  possess,  two 
vols.  1740,  is  surmounted  by  the  following  motto 
from  Lucan's  Pharsalia,  ii.  381. : 
"  Servare  Modum,  finemque  tueri,  naturamque  sequi "  ? 

R.  S.  T. 

Races  ai  Tetbury.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers, 
learned  in  old  racing  calendars,  inform  me  when 
these  races  commenced,  and  if  any  celebrated 
horses  ever  ran  at  them  ?  The  only  years  I  can 
find  in  which  they  were  held  are,  July  25,  1738  ; 
July  11,  1771,  when  H.R.H.  Henry  Fred.  Duke  of 
Cumberland  won  the  plate;  and  July  24,  1789. 
They  ceased,  I  believe,  on  the  enclosure  of  the 
Warren  in  1814.  Tetburiensis. 

Argens. — Letters  by  a  Mrs.  Argens  were  pub- 
lished about  1750.  Query  the  title  of  the  work  ? 
The  letters  treated  of  literary  subjects.  J.  Y. 


"  Knowledge  is  Power."  —  Who  was  the  author, 
and  in  what  work,  of  this  well-knowu  maxim? 
Lord  Bacon,  I  think,  though  a  leading  novelist 
of  the  present  day  entertains  the  opposite  opinion. 

Abhba. 

[  Our  correspondent's  Query  has  arrived  at  a  very 
fortunate  moment.    The  Illustrated  News  of  Saturday  last 


2nd  s.  No  44.,  Nov.  1.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


353 


contains  the  following  communication,  which  shows  that 
Bacon  was  the  originator  of  this  very  popular  phrase :  — 

"  Knowledge  is  Power.  —  I  can  inform  your  Ventnor  cor- 
respondent, '  F.  G.  T.,'  whence  the  above  apliorism  is 
taken.  It  is  from  Bacon ;  yet,  not  in  the  Advancement  of 
Learning,  as  you  suppose,  but  from  his  treatise  de  Hoeresiis. 
I  met  with  the  maxim  in  the  course  of  my  reading  a  day 
or  two  since,  and  was  at  once  struck  by  the  complete  con- 
tradiction thus  given  to  Sir  E.  B.  Lytton's  too  confident 
statement  (in  3Iy  Novel)  that  no  such  a  sentence  or  thought 
is  to  be  found  in  all  Bacon's  works.  The  maxim,  which  is 
parenthetical,  is  in  the  following  terms :  — '  Nam  et  ipsa 
scientia  potestas  est. '  —  C.  T.  B.,  Bristol. 

"  This  famous  expression,  the  authorship  of  which  has 
so  long  been  a  literary  problem,  is  then  at  last  discovered. 
It  occurs  in  the  treatise  de  Heresibus,  i.e.,  on  sects  and 
opinions,  but  is  not  used  precisely  in  the  sense  attached 
to  it  in  the  present  day.  Bacon  is  describing  a  sect  which 
entertains  particular  notions  on  the  subject  of  predestina- 
tion. He  says  they  give  wider  limits  to  the  knowledge 
than  to  the  power  of  God  (implying  that  He  may  fore- 
know acts  without  necessarily  preordaining  them),  or 
rather,  he  remarks,  they  restrict  His  power  of  doing,  more 
than  His  power  of  knowing  ;  for  knoivledge  itself  is  a 
power.  His  meaning  is  that  the  capacity  to  know  maj'be 
termed  a  power,  not  that  knowledge  confers  power.  The 
following  is  the  sentence  in  which  it  occurs  :  — '  Tertius 
gradus  est  corum,  qui  arctant  et  restringunt  opinionem 
priorem  tantum  ad  actiones  humanas,  quaj  participant  ex 
peccato,  quas  volunt  substantive,  absque  nexu  aliquo  cau- 
sarum,  ex  interna  voluntate  et  arbitrio  humane  pendere, 
statuuntque  latiores  terminos  scientiic  Dei  quara  potestatis, 
vel  potius  ejus  partis  potestatis  Dei  (nam  et  ipsa  scientia 
potestas  est)  qua  scit,  quam  ejus,  qua  movet  et  agit;  ut 
pra3sciat  quajdam  otiose,  quag  non  praedestinet  et  praior- 
dinet.' "] 

Banish  Forts  in  Ireland.  —  Where  may  I  find 
trustworthy  information  respecting  the  Danish 
forts  in  Ireland?  They  are  curious  relics  of 
early  ages,  and  have  not,  I  think,  received  the 
attention  they  deserve.  Abhba. 

[Consult  A  Discnurse  concerning  the  Danish  3Tounts, 
Forts,  and  Towers  in  Ireland.  Bv  Thomas  Molyneux, 
M.D.,  Dublin,  4to.  1725.  With  illustrations.  This  Dis- 
course was  republished  in  A  Natural  History  of  Ireland, 
by  Dr.  Gerard  Boate  and  others.  Dublin,  4to.,  1755. 
Some  account  of  the  Danish  forts  will  also  be  found  in 
Dr.  Ledwich's  Antiquities  of  Ireland,  Dublin,  1790,  pp.  185 
—193.1 

Meaning  of  "  Redchej^ister  "  in  "  Domesday."  — 
This  parish  is  thus  described  in  that  ancient  re- 
cord : 

"  In  Langetrewes  Hund.  Isdem.  Rog.  ten.  Teteberie 
Ibi  xxiii.  hidaj  geld'.  Siuuard  tenuit  T.  R.  E.  In  dnio 
sunt  viii  car.  et  xxxii  vill'i  et  ii  bord.  et  ii  radchen,  cum 
p'bro  inter  om's  hintes  xiii  car." 

What  is  the  meaning  of  radchen  ?  In  some  trans- 
lations it  is  written  redchenister ;  but  what  office 
did  this  signify,  and  what  were  the  duties  attached 
to  it  ?  Alfred  T,  Lee. 

[Sir  Henry  Ellis  in  his  Introduction  to  Domesday  Book, 
p.  72.,  states  that  "  the  description  of  tenantry  named 
Raclienistres  or  Radchenistres  appear  likewise  to  have 
been  calleci  Radmanni,  or  Rodmans,  and  that  like  the 


Socmen  some  were  less  free  than  others.  Dr.  Nash  con- 
jectured that  the  Radmanni  and  Radchenistres  were  pro- 
bably a  kind  of  freemen  who  served  on  horseback  "  This 
word  is  also  noticed  by  Du  Gauge,  who  says,  "  De  terra 
hujus  manerii  tenebant  Radechenistres,  i.e.  liberi  homines. 
Videntur  iidem,  qui  Bractono  Radeknights  dicuntur, 
liberi  scilicet  homines,  qui  tamen  arabant,  herciabant, 
falcabant,  metebant,  &c."  See  also  Coke  on  Lyttkton, 
sect  117.3 

Symond's  Court  Castle.  —  Where  may  I  find 
particulars  of  Symond's  Court  Castle,  in  the 
vicinity  of  Dublin  ?  It  was  well  known,  I  under- 
stand, in  former  days  ;  but  a  very  small  portion  is 
now  forthcoming.  Is  any  drawing  of  the  structure 
extant  ?  Abhba. 

[A  view  of  Symond's  Court  Tower,  drawn  by  T.  Cock- 
ing in  1790,  will  be  found  in  Grose's  Anti(puties  of  Ireland, 
vol.  i.  p.  21.,  with  a  short  account  of  this  ancient  struc- 
ture.] 

Diocese  of  Worcester.  —  Where  can  I  find  what 
the  boundaries  of  this  diocese  were  before  the 
formation  of  the  sees  of  Gloucester  and  Bristol  by 
Henry  VIII.  in  1541  ?  Alfred  T.  Lee. 

[Our  correspondent  will  get  a  clue  to  the  former 
boundaries  of  this  diocese  from  the  following  particulars 
preserved  in  Thomas's  Survey  of  Worcester  Cathedral, 
p.  1.  He  says,  "  The  see  of  VVorcester  was  taken  out  of 
that  of  Lichfield  about  the  year  680  or  sooner.  The  pro- 
vince of  Wiccia  was  allotted  to  it,  and  the  bishops  of  it 
were  called  Episcopi  Wicciorum,  the  bishops  of  the  Wic-. 
cians.  It  contained  all  Worcestershire,  except  sixteen 
parishes  beyond  Abberley  Hills,  belonging  to  the  diocese 
of  Hereford^:  all  Gloucestershire  on  the  east  side  of  the 
Severn,  with  the  city  of  Bristol :  and  near  the  south-haU' 
part  of  Warwickshire,  with  the  town  of  Warwick."] 

Thomas  Peacock.  —  Information  is  requested 
concerning  Thomas  Peacock,  who  is  commemo- 
rated in  a  little  work  entitled,  — 

"The  Last  Visitation,  conflicts,  and  death  of  Mr. 
Thomas  Peacock,  Batchellar  of  Divinity,  and  Fellow  of 
Brazen-nose  Colledge,  late  Minister  of  Broughton  in 
North-hampton-shire.  London,  Printed  for  William 
Miller  at  the  guilded  Acorn  near  the  little  north  doore  in 
St.  Paul's  Church  Yard,  1660." 

Was  he  born  at  or  near  to  Scotter  in  Lincoln- 
shire ?  Where  is  he  buried  ?  Can  his  age  be 
ascertained  ?  Edward  Peacock. 

Manor  Farm,  Bottesford,  Brigg. 

[Wood  in  his  Fasti,  Part  I.  326.  Bliss,  states  that 
"  Thomas  Peacock  was  a  Cheshireman  born,  and  tutor  to 
the  famous  Robert  Bolton,  the  author  of  whose  life  (Ed- 
ward Bagshawe)  doth  much  celebrate  the  said  Peacock 
for  his  learning,  and  great  sanctity  of  life  and  conversation. 
He  was  buried  in  St.  Mary's  Church  in  Oxon,  Doc,  1611."] 

Eggs  in  Heraldry.  —  The  other  day  I  disco- 
vered on  an  old  piece  of  plate  a  coat  of  arms 
(quartered)  in  which  three  eggs,  in  cups  (proper, 
I  suppose),  occurred.  Neither  GwiUira,  nor  the 
Glossary,  contain  any  mention  of  the  use  of  such. 
Perhaps  som?  of  your  readers  may  be  able  to  help 


S54 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  N<»  44.,  Nov.  1.  '56. 


me.     I  have  some  suspicion  that  the  quartering 
is  of  an  Italian  family.  Mc.  C. 

[We  know  of  no  such  bearing  in  heraldry  as  eggs  in 
cups,  or  eggs  at  all ;  our  correspondent  has  probably  been 
misled  by  some  partially  obliterated  engraving.'  The 
bearings  are  most  likely  to  be  three  sacramental  cups 
having  the  representation  of  the  holy  wafer  in  them ;  or 
thej'  may  be  three  covered  cups,  as  in  the  arms  of  Butler, 
either  indistinctly  engraved,  or  almost  worn  out  through 
age.] 


Early  Edition  of  Terence.  —  I  have  a  copy  of 
Terence  printed  "in  imperiali  ac  libera  urbe  Ar- 
gentina, per  magistrum  Joannem  Griininger,"  in 
1496.  It  has  a  great  many  woodcuts.  I  want  to 
know  who  the  printer,  "  J.  G.,"  was,  and  where 
the  "  urbs  "  alluded  to  was  ?  R.  S.  T. 

[Our  correspondent  is  the  fortunate  possessor  of  a  vo- 
lume nearlj'  as  rare  as  it  is  remarkable  for  the  highly 
spirited  and  singular  woodcuts  which  it  contains.  It  is 
the  first  and  best  of  the  editions  printed  bj'  John  Grii- 
ninger at  Strasbourg  on  the  Lower  Rhine.  In  the  Bib- 
liotheca  Spenceriana,  vol.  ii.  pp.  426 — 438.,  numerous  fac- 
similes and  a  very  elaborate  description  is  given  of  it. 
Prosper  Marchand,  in  his  Diet.  Hist.  Typog.,  vol.  i.  pp. 
289 — 294.,  has  a  valuable  account  of  the  productions  of 
Griininger,  and  places  this  impression  as  the  ixth  in  the 
copious  list  of  his  works.] 

Office  of  Fihzer.—ln  "  N.  &  Q."  (2"^  S.  i.  46.) 
in  a  communication  respecting  Hugh  Speke,  I 
find  the  following  sentence : 

"  This  young  man  (Charles  Speke)  was  Filazer  for 
Devon,  Dorset,  Somerset,  Bristol,  and  Poole :  an  office,  I 
presume,  of  honour  and  profit,  as  he  had  given  3000/.  for 
it." 

Can  you  tell  me  what  the  exact  nature  of  the 
duties  of  a  "  Filazer"  was  ?  VEsrEHTiLio. 

[A  filazer  (from  Lat.  Jilum,  Fr.  file,  filace,  a  thread)  is 
an  officer  of  the  court  of  Common  Pleas,  and  so  called, 
because  he  files  those  writs  whereon  he  makes  out  pro- 
cess. There  are  fourteen  of  those  filazers  in  their  several 
divisions  and  counties,  and  thej'  issue  all  writs  and  pro- 
cesses upon  original  writs  issuing  out  of  Chancery,  as  well 
real  as  personal  and  mixed,  returnable  to  that  court.  B}' 
2  &  3  Will.  IV.  c.  110.  §  2.,  the  filazer  is  declared  to  be 
one  of  the  five  principal  officers  of  the  plea  side  of  the 
court,  exclusive  of  the  clerk  of  the  pleas.  Consult  Tom- 
lins's  Law  Dictionary,  by  Granger.] 

Quarterings  and  Origin  of  Grants.  —  "When 
a  man  bears  several  quarterings  on  his  coat  of 
.  arms,  are  his  younger  sons  entitled  to  bear  the 
same,  or  to  bear  their  paternal  arms  alone,  with- 
out the  other  quarterings  ? 

How  can  it  be  found  out  for  what  reason  cer- 
tain arms  were  granted  to,  or  assumed  by,  certain 
families  ?  R.  S.  T. 

[All  the  children,  males  and  females,  of  any  person  en- 
titled to  quarterings  are  equally  entitled  to  bear  whatever 
their  father  was  entitled  to  bear.  There  is  no  distinction 
made  between  elder  and  younger  sons.  It  is  not  alwavs 
stated  in  grants  of  arms  why  certain  bearings  are  adopted 
by  the  grantee;  sometimes  in  cases  of  public  services,  or 
to  commemorate  particular  family  circumstances,  the 
reason  and  motive  are  stated,  but  ordinarily  not  so.] 


iaei)itfS, 


THE    OLD    HUNDREDTH,    BY    WHOM   COMPOSED. 

(2""  S.  ii.  34.  317.) 

I  am  amazed  that  Mr.  J.  W.  Phillips  cannot 
see  the  resemblance  between  Luther  and  the 
Huguenot.  To  trace  the  unlike  in  the  like,  and 
the  like  in  the  unlike,  is  not  always  easy,  but  to 
make  a  labour  of  seeing  the  like  in  the  like  ap- 
pears very  strange.  In  Bach's  Chorals,  edited  by 
Dr.  Becker,  1831,  the  Luther  tune  in  diverse 
shapes  appears  in  pp.  8.  13.  67.  155,  and  171.  I 
refer  Mr.  Phillips  to  pp.  13.  and  155.,  in  which 
are  the  tunes  numbered  14.  and  268.  I  take  G 
major  as  the  key-tone  and  the  bass  from  Bach's 
arrangement.  The  first,  third,  and  fourth  lines 
of  the  Old  Hundredth  will  be  found  in  the  tune 
numbered  14.     For  example  : 

First  Line, 
Air        -        -    G|G|F|E|D|G|A|B  || 
Bass      -        -    G  I  E  I  B  I  C  I  D  I  E  I  D  I  G  II 
This  line  is  identical  with  the  old  Hundredth. 


Third  Line. 
G  I  A  I  B  I  A*   I  G  I  E 


G   II 


G  I  D  I  G  I  C     I  B  I  C  sh.  I  D  sh.  I  E   II 
In  the  Luther  tune  the  a  marked  with  the  aste- 
risk is  G,  and  the  antepenultimate  and  penultimate 
sound  E  and  f  appear  in  the  alto  part  of  Bach's 
arrangement ;  and  it  is  manifest  the  composer  of 
the  Old  Hundredth  produces  the  variation  by  an- 
swering the  ascent  to  the  third  of  the  key-sound 
with  a  descent  to  the  third  below  the  key-sound. 
Fourth  Line. 
D_|J3  I  G*  I  A  I  C  I  B  I  A  I  G   II 
B  jE  I  G     I  F  I  E  I  D'I'D  I  G  jj 

With  the  exception  of  the  g  this  line  is  identical 
with  the  true  form  of  the  fourth  line  of  the  Old 
Hundredth. 

For  the  second  line  of  the  Old  Hundredth  turn 
to  No.  268.,  another  and   expanded  version   of 
Luther's  tune.     In  the  first  bar  of  the  second  line 
of  this  tune  appear  the  following  sounds,  which  I 
transpose  from  the  key  of  c  to  that  of  g  : 
B  I  B     *|  B  I  A 
G  I  D  sh.  I  E  I  C 
The  second  half  of  this  second  line  of  the  Old 
Hundredth  will  be  found  in  the  tenth  and  eleventh 
bars  of  this  version  of  Luther  : 

G  I  C  I    B     I  A   II 
B  I  A  I  D  E  I  A   II 

It  must  be  noticed  that  the  bass  of  Bach  to 
Luther's  tune  runs  throughout  the  four  lines  of 
the  Old  Hundredth  without  any  change. 

The  abbreviation  sh.  stands  for  the  word  shnrp. 

It  is  certain  that  if  any  man  take  one  whole  line 
from  the  tune  of  another  composer  to  eke  out  a 
short  composition  of  four  lines,  he  must  have  that 


2od  s.  NO  44,  Nov.  1.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


355 


tune  very  clearly  In  recollection,  and  the  resem- 
blances cannot  be  considered  accidental.  I  dislike 
the  tune  upon  its  artistic  demerits.  The  fourth 
sound  in  the  first  line,  e,  is  a  false  rythmic  accent. 
The  fourth  sound  in  the  second  line,  a,  is  the  same 
with  the  concluding  sound  of  that  line,  and  a  great 
blot.  The  fourth  sound  of  the  third  line,  and  also 
the  fourth  line,  a,  is  the  same  as  in  the  previous 
line,  and  a  still  greater  blot.  The  accented  suc- 
cession of  the  sound  a  no  less  than  four  times  in  a 
short  tune  consisting  only  of  eight  accents  cannot 
be  defended  on  any  principle  of  musical  art ;  but 
these  objections  do  not  apply  to  the  tune  in  its 
original  rhythm,  which,  being  a  French  creation 
out  of  the  Iambic  trimeter,  is  offensive  to  English 
notions  of  the  march  of  the  choral  or  hymn  tune. 

H.  J.  Gauntlett. 
8.  Fowys  Place,  Oct.  21,  1856. 


*'  CAEMINA  QUADBAGESIMALIA." 

(2°''  S.  ii.  312.) 

I  have  to  thank  Mr.  Gunner  for  the  trouble 
which  he  has  so  kindly  taken  in  forwarding  a  list 
of  the  authors  of  the  poems  in  the  2nd  vol.  of 
Carmina  Quadragesimalia  to  "  N.  &  Q."  The 
first  name  on  his  list  is,  I  imagine,  the  celebrated 
one  of  — 

"  William  Markham,  born  ia  1719-20,  who  was  edu- 
cated at  Westminster,  and  Ch.  Ch.,  and  for  fourteen 
years  Head  Master  of  Westminster,  from  1750  to  1764 ; 
he  was  afterwards  Dean  of  Rochester,  which  he  vacated 
after  the  short  period  of  two  years  for  the  Deanery  of 
Ch.  Cli.  In  1771,  he  was  consecrated  Bishop  of  Chester, 
and  in  1777,  translated  to  the  Archbishoprick  of  York, 
which  he  held  until  the  period  of  his  death,  A.D.  1806, 
and  lies  buried  in  the  Cloisters  at  Westminster.  Dr. 
Markham  was  also  tutor  to  George  IV." 

It  is  matter  of  doubt  with  me  whether  the 
third  name  on  the  list,  that  of  Impey,  be  that  of 
Sir  Elijah  Impey,  of  whom  Macaulay  speaks  in 
such  severe  terms  of  censure  in  his  celebrated 
essay  on  Warren  Hastings.  Impey  had  been  a 
schoolfiellow  of  Hastings, at  Westminster,  circa 
1742,  under  the  mastership  of  Dr.  NIcolI,  and 
when  Vincent  Bourne,  of  classic  fame,  was  one  of 
the  ushers  (who  does  not  recollect  the  Latin 
poems  of  VInny  Bourne,  "  Cicindela,  Cornicula," 
and  his  pupil  Cowper's  English  version  of  tliem  ?) ; 
but  I  do  not  know  whether  he  was  at  Ciirist 
Church.  Sir  Elijah  Impey  went  to  India  as 
Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court.  The  date  of 
the  second  volume  of  the  Carmina  Quadragesi- 
malia is  1748. 

Lord  Stormont  was  perhaps  a  nephew  of  Lord 
Mansfield. 

If  my  conjectures  are  wrong  I  hope  some  of 
your  numerous  readers  will  rectify  them  :  at  any 
rate,  I  heartily  concur  in  Mr.  Gunner's  wisb, 
"  that  some  one  may  be  found  willing  to  tell  us 


something  of  men  whose  youthful  efforts  gave 
such  promise  of  future  eminence."  The  j)oem3 
are  so  beautiful,  and  replete  with  elegance,  that  it 
Is  much  to  be  regretted  they  are  comparatively  so 
little  known.  Oxoniensis. 


The  following  list  of  the  authors  of  the  first 
volume  of  Carmina  Quadragesimalia  may  be  in- 
teresting to  some  of  your  readers.  It  is  taken 
from  a  copy  once  the  property  of  Elijah  Impey, 
Faculty  student  of  Christ  Church,  son  of  the  cele- 
brated Sir  Elijah,  and  nephew  of  Dr.  James  Im- 
pey. The  names  given  in  the  second  volume  vary 
in  some  instances  from  those  given  by  Mr.  Gun- 
ner, and  in  other  instances  the  names  of  the 
authors  are  given  where  they  do  not  seem  to  have 
been  assigned  in  his  copy.  I  have  placed  an  aste- 
risk over  those  numbers  in  vol.  i.  where  a  double 
authorship  is  pointed  out : 

Anonymous.  7.  15,  16.  19.  21,  22,  23,  24,25.  30,  31.  39.  57, 
68.  60,  61,  62,  63.  65,  66.  77, 78,  81.  83,  81.  89.  91.  93,  94. 
99,  100,  101.  107,  108.  Ill,  112. 121.  126.  134. 141.  146, 
147.  156,  157. 160.  170.  172. 176. 189, 193, 194.  199.  205. 
209.  214. 

Bramstone.  1.  13.  18.  41.  56.  169*. 

Terry.  2.  206. 

Stanyan.  3*.  35.  37.  201. 

E.  Smith.  3*.  14.  43*.  95.  103. 

Welborn,  4. 

Stratford.  5.  152*. 

Manaton.  6.  185*. 

Cade.  8.  52. 165. 

Wigan,  Jun.  10.  75*.  82. 120.  130.  138. 155. 197*.  203.  210. 

G.  'Wigan.  11, 12.  50,  51.  67.  102.  114. 140. 185*.  192.  207. 
208,  215. 

Barton.  17. 

Lee.  20.  45.  54.  59. 125*.  142.  166.  181.  188. 

Este.  26.  143.  171.  173.  213*. 

Forrester.  27.  38,  70.  72.  91.  109.  164.  178.  183.  196. 

Booth.  28, 113.  158, 159,  163.  187. 

Tho/nas.  29*.  33,  34.  40.  85. 105*.  123*.  125*.  151. 177. 190. 

Davis.  29*.  87.  115. 

Haslavi.  32.  74.  76. 122. 127.  148. 

Knipe,  sen.  36.  48.  92*.  131. 

Ahop.  42.  128*.  145.  204. 

Adams.  43*. 

Sealy.  44. 

Manton.  47. 

Warren.  49. 

Battely.  53. 

W.  Jones.  55.  96.  161,  162. 

L.  Stevens.  04. 150.  195*. 

Wainwright.  68.  105*.  136. 

Bold.  69. 184*. 

Toilet.  71. 

Sherman.  73.  128*. 

Trelawney.  75*.  92*.  98*.  110.  123*.  121.  197*.  200.  213*. 

Sutton.  79.  97.117. 

Palmer.  80.  90. 

Gregory.  86. 133.  202.  212. 

Sainsbury.  88. 

Funshaiv.  106. 149. 174. 

Stephens.  98.  169. 

Le  Hunte.  104. 

Friend.  116.  137. 

Wyatt.  118.  135. 

Smalridije.  119.  179.  184*.  195*. 


356 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s,  No  u.,  Nov.  1.  'Sa 


Langford,  129. 
Geast.  132.  182.  191. 
Newton.  139. 
Wright.  144 
Harrington.  152. 
Fowlkes.  153. 
Kimberly.  154. 
Dowdeswell.  167.  186. 
Frescott.  168.  198. 
S<o«e.  175.  211. 
J?MSie/Z.  180. 
ZewjD.  212. 

In  the  followin;^  instances  my  copy  varies  from 
Mr.  Gunner's  list  in  vol.  ii. : 

Wilcocks.  14.  88.  143. 
Bruce.  14.  85,  86.  89.  99. 
Stormont.  16.  89.  121.  128.  137. 
Impey.  17.  94.  109.  112.  132.  145,  14G.  160. 
Sharpe.  29.  161. 
Hay.  30.  36. 

Keith.  49.  62,  63.  65,  6G.  72. 
Lewis.  64.  152. 
Bale.  78. 
Skynner.  102. 
Harley.  110. 
Bedingfield.  114. 
Varnan.  135. 

There  is  another  variation,  viz. :  my  copy  gives 
Juhh,  instead  of  Tubb,  as  the  name  of  the  author 
of  several,  38,  &c.  Jubb  is  probably  the  correct 
name,  as  I  find  by  the  Ahimni  Westmonasterienses, 
George  Jubb  was  at  Christ  Church  at  this  time. 

B.  N.  C. 


SARAH   ISDELL. 

(2""  S.  ii.  288.) 

1  perfectly  recollect  this  lady,  about  whom  R.  J. 
inquires.  It  would  be  much  to  say  I  knew  her, 
inasmuch  as  I  was  a  child  of  some  six  or  seven 
years  old,  when,  "  about  fifty  years  since,"  she 
lived  as  governess  in  the  family  of  my  uncle,  a 
baronet  in  the  South  of  Ireland.  She  had  then 
the  (to  us  children  awful)  repute  of  having  written 
a  hook  !  and  the  prestige  of  being  the  "  niece  of 
Oliver  Goldsmith"  (whose  "Deserted  Village," 
be  sure,  formed  part  of  our  best-loved  recitation 
tasks).  Altogether  she  was  an  exalted  and  won- 
derful personage  in  our  little  eyes  ;  and  yet  after- 
reflection  inclines  me  to  doubt  if  her  learning  or 
abilities  were  of  a  superior  order,  and  to  suspect 
that  her  own  education  had  not  been  very  com- 
plete or  systematic.  She  was,  however,  very 
sprightly  and  witty ;  and  htid  a  measure  of  the 
Goldsmith-eaw  facility  in  rhyming,  of  which  I 
possess  some  specimens.  I  remember,  that  during 
one  severe  winter  a  mock  poetic  warfare  was 
carried  on  in  a  daily  interchange  of  notes  be- 
tween Miss  Isdell  and  my  own  father,  who  pos- 
sessed a  very  pleasant  poetic  taste  and  style.  In 
a  severe  season,  every  alternate  day  a  missive  was 
sent  through  sludge  and  snow,  and  read  aloud  to 


the  after-dinner  circles  of  two  houses,  to  the  great 
delight  of  large  and  small  folk,  —  concerning  most 
of  whom,  when  I  ask  now  "Where  are  they  all  ?" 
an  echo  answers,  "Where?"  I  keep  this  poetic 
correspondence,  abounding  in  local  family  and 
temporary  allusions  ;  all  very  pungent  and  plea- 
sant when  written,  but  most  of  them  by  lapse  of 
time  become  now  vapid  and  pointless.  Miss  Is- 
dell's  share  of  the  correspondence  was  sprightly 
enough,  but  here  and  there  shows  traces  of  the 
then  not  uncommon  feminine  failing  of  an  early 
neglect  of  the  spelling-book.  And  in  no  par- 
tiality I  say,  that  her  poetry  was  but  of  mediocre 
quality,  and  my  father's  far  bettei*. 

Miss  Isdell  had  left  this  situation  before  the 
year  1811,  and  did  not,  I  think,  long  survive  the 
last  date  mentioned  by  R.  J.,  namely,  1825,  In 
this,  however,  I  may  be  mistaken.  We  used  to 
hear  of  her  at  intervals,  as  making  fresh  literary 
ventures  in  novels  of  the  "  Minerva  press"  stamp, 
but  she  never  achieved  a  "success."  "Scott's" 
and  Sarah  Austin's  style  of  novel  came  to  throw 
poor  Sarah  Isdell's  books  into  the  shade ;  and, 
except  for  the  curious  in  such  works,  they  have 
probably  long  since  gone  to  — 

"  Wrap  the  tart — or  feed  the  moth." 

A.  B.  R. 
Belmont. 


Bensley  the  Actor  (P'  S.  iv.  115.)  —  Your  cor- 
respondent Tee  Bee,  amongst  other  inquiries  re- 
specting the  Bensley  family,  inquires  whether 
Bensley  the  actor  was  any  relation  of  Sir  William 
Bensley,  Bart.,  a  Director  of  the  East  India 
Company,  who  died  in  1809  ?  I  can  inform  Tee 
Bee  (unless  you  think  too  long  a  time  has  elapsed 
since  his  Query,  which  I  only  noticed  lately)  that 
Sir  William  was  the  uncle  of  the  actor,  and  left 
him  the  bulk  of  his  property.  Teagde. 

Largesse  (P'  S.  ix.  408.)  —  So  recently  as  1826, 
it  was  the  custom  at  Croydon,  when  a  grand  or 
special  jury  was  discharged,  for  the  mob  to  follow 
the  jurymen,  shouting  largesse,  in  expectation  of 
a  scramble  for  silver.  Henry  T.  Riley. 

Saguntum  Sword  Blades  (2"^  S.  ii.  172.)  — Only 
the  other  day  I  noticed  that  an  inquirer,  assuming 
the  signature  of  Cacadore,  asks  "  when  Sahagun 
was  celebrated  as  a  manufactory  of  swords  ?"  The 
reason  for  this  Query,  he  thus  explains  : 

"  I  recently  became  possessed  of  an  apparently  very 
old  blade,  of  admirable  temper,  very  narrow  and  long, 
something  like  a  claymore.  On  the  blade  is  engraved 
'  Sahaovn,'  with  several  flourishes  round  it,  and  two  or 
three  stars." 

And  adds : 

"  I  believe  Sahagun  to  be  the  ancient  Saguntum,  where 


2ad  s.  No  44.,  Nov.  1.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


357 


the  first  hostilities  occurred  between  Hannibal  and  the 
Romans,  and  more  recently  distinguished  as  being  the 
scene  of  a  cavalry  engagement  during  the  Peninsular 
war." 

Murviedro  is  the  Saguntum  of  the  ancients,  and 
its  situation  a  league  from  the  Mediterranean,  or 
four  from  Valencia.  Population,  5,500.  At  the 
opening  of  the  Peninsular  war,  the  place  was  for- 
tified and  garrisoned  in  the  best  manner  circum- 
stances would  allow.  In  Sept.  1811,  it  was  be- 
sieged by  Suchet,  aided  by  Habert  and  Harispe, 
when  the  invaders  were  repulsed.  Driven  to  the 
last  extremity,  the  garrison  subsequently  surx-en- 
dered.  This  is  the  only  important  event  that 
occurred.  There  is  not  a  municipal,  or  other  re- 
cord, to  show  that  sword  blades,  in  any  quantity, 
were  ever  manufactured  there.  The  locality  is 
not  favourable,  as  no  steel  can  be  had  there. 

Sahagun  is  a  small  town  in  the  province  of 
Leon,  fifteen  leagues  from  Valladolid  ;  where,  on 
Dec.  21,  1818,  in  a  brilliant  action,  Moore  de- 
feated a  corps  of  French  cavalry,  and  established 
himself  in  the  place,  finding  that  Napoleon  was 
coming  down  upon  him.  The  district  of  Sahagun 
is  exclusively  agricultural ;  and  by  no  historian  is 
it  mentioned  that  the  town  was  ever  celebrated 
for  the  manufacture  of  side-arms,  like  Bilboa,  and 
other  places  in  the  Basque  provinces,  where  the 
best  metal  and  expert  workmen  always  abounded. 

VlATOK. 
Oxford. 

Myosotis  palustris,  or  Forget-me-not  ('2'"^  S.  i. 
270.)  —  Henry  IV.  of  England  (when  Duke  of 
Hereford,  I  believe,)  assumed  this  flower  as  his 
emblem,  with  the  motto,  Souviens  de  inoi,  ".Re- 
member me."  This  is  probably  the  origin  of  the 
name  "Forget-me-not,"  inquired  for  by  your  cor- 
respondent. See  Miss  Strickland's  Lives  of  the 
Queens  of  Richard  II.  and  Heni-y  IV. 

Henky  T.  Riley. 

"No pent-up  Utica"  Src.  (P'  S.  xi.  503.)  — The 
lines,  correctly  written,  read  thus  : 

"  No  pent-up  Utica  contracts  your  powers, 
But  the  whole  boundless  continent  is  j'ours," 

and  are  part  of  an  Epilogue  to  Cato,  written  in 
1778  by  Jonathan  Mitchell  Sewall  of  Massachus- 
setts.  The  entire  poem  is  to  be  found  in  Duyck- 
inck's  Cyclopcedia  of  American  Literature,  vol.  i. 
pp.  286,  287.  *  Uneda. 

Philadelphia. 

Wm.  Cooper  (2"'i  S.  ii.  307.)  —  In  reply  to  R. 
J.'s  Query  respecting  this  gentleman,  I  beg  to  say 
that  if  he  writes  to  Wm.  Cooper,  Esq.,  or  Carlos 
Cooper,  Esq.,  his  brother  barristers-at-law,  Nor- 
wich, he  will  get  all  the  information' he  requires  : 
but  if  he  chooses,  he  can  see  or  communicate  with 
the  gentleman  himself  in  London,  at  3.  Church- 
yard Court,  or  13.  Grenville  Street,  Brunswick 


Square.  But  in  order  to  save  your  correspon- 
dent trouble,  I  can  inform  him  that  Mr.  Cooper  is 
a  barrister,  and  was  admitted  at  Lincoln's  Inn  as 
such  on  June  10,  1831.  He  obtained  his  degree 
of  B. A.  at  Oxford;  and  he  wrote  two  other 
dramas,  —  one  called  Mohxnna,  and  the  other 
Zopyrus,  the  Hero  of  Pei-siu.  And  I  imagine  he 
wrote  no  more  than  the  two  above  named ;  and 
the  other  referred  to  by  your  correspondent,  as  in 
his  dedication  of  Zopyrus,  he  describes  it  as  his 
third  and  last  attempt.  I'his  last  drama  was  acted 
at  Norwich  on  Feb.  13,  1844,  and  was  published 
by  Matchett  &  Co.  at  Norwich,  price  2*.,  in  three 
Acts.  John  Nukse  Chad  wick. 

Motto  for  an  Index  (2"'>  S.  i.  413.)  — Would 
the  following  serve  your  correspondent  as  a  motto 
for  his  index  ? 

"  2oc  TO  fATjfvetv  efAot'."  —  Eurip.  Suppl.,  v.  98. 

From  my  own  budget  of  these  small  wares  a 
sample  or  two  may  amuse  some  of  your  readers  : 

1.  "'AvT^p  ia-Ti.  IIopios  ev9a.Se  <to4>6s."  —  Plat.  Apol.  Socr. 

might,  years  ago,  have  been  written  over  the  en- 
trance of  Hatton  Parsonage. 

2.  "4>atVeTai  moi  Kiji/os  icro?  Beoicriv 

eft-ixev  u>vTJp."  —  Fragm.  Suppl. 

the  admirers  of  a  late  tragedian,  or  of  the  hero  of 
Ghuznee,  might  equally  adopt. 

3.  "  Quicquid  habes,  age, 
Depone  tutis  auribus."  —  Hoi:  i.  27.  17. 

Inscription  for  a  Romanist  confessional. 

4.  If  your  correspondent  (2"**  S.  i.  468.)  dis- 
covers the  hippotaph  of  "  Sorrel,"  he  may  be 
disposed  to  write  on  it,  i(T(p7\\e  icava  xa^Tio-ej/,  Hipp. 
12.  37.,  while  for  William  the  Conqueror's  horse 
might  be  applied,  with  one  word  altered : 

"  Incessit  per  ignes 
Suppositos  cineri  doloso." —  Tlor.  2.  1.  G. 

0.  "  SoUiciti  jaceant,  terrS,que  premantur  iniqua 

In  longas  orbera  qui  secuere  vias." 

Ov.  A7n.  2.  16.  15. 

So  would  the  late  Col.  Sibthorpe  and  other  ene- 
mies to  railroads  have  said. 
6.  "  Organa  semper 

In  manibus." — Juvenal,  vi.  379. 

Heading  for  letters  to  The  Times  from  fretful  old 
gentlemen  complaining  of  street  music. 

1,  "'Evi)  leal  via'' 

The  smart  old  maid- ewe  dressed  lamb  fashion. 

8.  "  kKoiv  aeKOVTi  ye  flvfAw." 

A  candidate  for  the  voluntary  theological  at  Cam- 
bridge, now  made  compulsory  as  a  step  to  ordi- 
nation. 

If  word- quibbling  is  allowed  : 

9.  «  Alter  erit  turn  Tiphys." 

The  Commissioners  of  Sewers  read  Typhus. 


358 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  44.,  Nov.  1.  'oG. 


10.    "  Nil  desperaiulum  Teiiero  ducc,  et  auspice  Teucro." 

Ducrow  would  have  substituted  himself  for  Teucer 
to  timid  pupils  in  rough  riding. 

11.  "  Procul  omnis  absit 

Clamor  et  ira." 

If  written  claymore,  would  have  suited  a  Highland 
hostel  in  the  olden  time.  Effigies. 

Stamford. 

Which  is  Quercusthe  Rohur  ?  ('i""^  S.  ii.  309.)  — 
Sir  William  Hooker  and  Dr.  Arnott,  in  the  sixth 
edition  of  The  British  Flora,  designate  Q.  pedun- 
culata  as  Q.  Robur  a ;  and  Q.  sessiliflora  as  Q. 
Robur  (3. 

It  is  not  fair  upon  your  general  readers  to  give 
them  long  extracts  from  printed  books ;  nor  would 
it  be  consistent  with  your  title,  "  Notes  and 
Queries,"  to  publish  them  at  length ;  but  I  am 
glad  of  an  opportunity  of  conveying  information 
to  your  correspondents,  and  at  the  same  time 
placing  on  record  in  your  pages  several  passages 
whence  information  on  this  question  of  the  value 
of  the  two  species  (or  varieties,  be  they  which 
they  may)  can  be  derived.  I  therefore  refer  him 
to  Evelyn's  Silva,  edit.  1786,  vol.  i.  pp.  67.  et  seq.; 
Selby's  British  Forest  Trees,  1842,  pp.  243.  246. 
et  seq. ;  Low  on  Landed  Properly,  1844,  p.  577. ; 
Gardeners  Chronicle,  1841,  pp.  3,  4.  70.  102.  344. 
735.  812.  843. ;  1842,  5.  723. ;  1844,  53.  335.  450. 
736.;  1845,  471,  655.  705.  721.  737.  818.  837. 
856,  857.;  1854,  40.;  1855,  104.696.  728.742, 
756.  803.  821.  854. ;  1856,  51.  102.  134.  191.  283. 
405.  454.  518.  I  would  observe  also,  that  the 
mere  noting  the  single  character  whether  the 
acorns  are  stalked  or  sessile,  will  not  sufEce  to 
distinguish  the  species  or  variety.  The  petioles 
of  the  leaves  must  also  be  noted,  which  in  Q. 
pedunculata  are  almost  obsolete,  and  of  a  reddish- 
green  colour;  while  in  Q.  sessiliflora  they  are 
long  and  of  a  yellowish-green  colour.  If  this 
character  is  not  attended  to,  the  tree  may  prove  to 
be  a  mere  variety  or  subvariety  of  Q.  pedunculata. 

Geo.  E.  Frehe. 

Eoydea  Hall,  Diss. 

I  have  always  understood  that  the  Quei-cus 
rohur  had  the  minority ;  and  as  far  as  my  ob- 
servation has  gone,  in  Devonshire,  the  Quercus 
sessilis  is  the  far  more  abundant  variety. 

Circumnavigator. 

Death  at  Will  (2"''  S.  ii.  147.)  —  One  of  the  re- 
corded cases  of  this  kind  is  that  of  Jerom  Cardan, 
described  by  himself  in  his  work  De  Rerum  Va- 
rietate.  Not  having  the  book  to  refer  to,  I  copy 
Bayle's  quotation  of  the  passage  {Diet.  "  Car- 
dan ")  : 

"  Quoties  yolo,  extrk  seasum  quasi  in  extasim 

transeo Sentio  dum  eam  ineo,  ac  (ut  veriiis 


dlcam)  fiieio,  juxta  cor  quandam  separationem,  quasi  nnima 
abscederet,  totique  corpori  res  base  communicatur,  quasi 
ostiolum  quoddam  aperiretur.  Et  initium  bujus  est  a 
capite,  maximfe  cerebello :  diffunditurque  per  totam  dorsi 
spinam,  vi  magna  continetur :  hocque  solum  sentio,  quod 
sum  eatrh  meipsum,  magnaque  quadam  vi  paululum  me 
contineo." 

Mr.  Couch  in  his  Illustraiions  of  Instinct  refers 
to  this  case,  and  that  of  Col.  Townshend,  and 
another  mentioned  by  St.  Augustine,  and  con- 
siders this  extraordinary  faculty  of  voluntary 
ecstasy  to  be  analogous  to  that  which  he  supposes 
to  be  exercised  by  hybernating  animals.  F. 

Premature  Literments  (2°'*  S.  il.  278.)  —  Some 
account  of  Dr.  Graham  and  his  assistant.  Lady 
Hamilton,  is  given  in  an  amusing  collection  called 
Professional  Anecdotes,  or  Area  of  Medical  Lite- 
rature, 3  vols.  12mo.,  London,  vol.  i.  p.  22, 

H.  B.,  F.R.C.S. 

Warwick. 

Etymology  of  ''Fellow''  (2°^  S.  ii.  285.)  — In 
confirmation  of  Mr.  Bates's  derivation  of  this 
word,  see  Cotgrave's  French- English  Dictionary, 
London,  1650 : 

"  Un  genlil  fulot.  A  trimme  mate,  sweet  youth,  fine 
fellow  indeed ;  a  good  companion  sure ;  (ironically,  or  with 
an  ironical  allusion  to  our  word  goodfellow'). 

"  Falotement.     Good-fellow-like." 

Chris.  Roberts. 

South  Place,  Norwood. 

Proportion  of  Males  and  Females  (2""^  S.  ii. 
268.)  —  What  is  the  fact  as  to  the  census  of  Eu- 
rope, I  cannot  say ;  and  it  is  not  much  to  the 
purpose,  as  far  as  the  Mormon!  te  argument  for 
polygamy  is  concerned.  That  each  man  is  in- 
tended by  his  Maker  to  have  but  one  wife  is 
pretty  clear  to  all  whose  eyes  are  not  wilfully 
blinded ;  from  the  fact,  that  the  birth  of  males 
and  females  is  nearly  equal.  Last  week,  the 
Registrar-General  gives  the  return  of  births  in 
London  :  boys  828,  girls  768. 

I  know  several  sad  cases  of  Mormon  delirium 
in  this  country.  One  poor  man,  whom  I  have 
known  for  years,  has  been  swindled  out  of  nearly 
all  his  little  property,  the  savings  of  an  industrious 
life  ;  and  when  he  refused  to  give  up  the  last 
home  he  had  left,  he  was,  in  great  form,  turned 
out  of  the  society.  His  eyes  are  now  open,  when 
he  finds  himself  an  old  man  and  destitute. 

A.  Holt  White. 

Oct.  12. 

Rvfus,  or  the  Red  King  (2"'^  S.  ii.  269.)  —This 
romance  was  written  by  Mr.  James  Gregor 
Grant,  author  of  Madonna  Pia,  and  other  poems. 
I  have  seen  a  presentation  copy,  in  the  inscription 
on  which  Mr.  Grant  acknowledges  the  authorship. 

S.  H. 

Edinburgh, 


2na  s.  N"  44.,  Nov.  1.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


359 


Huslands  authoiised  to  heat  their  Wives  (2""^  S. 
ii.  108.  219.  297.)  —  Perhaps  the  following  curious 
extract  in  connexion  with  this  subject  may  be 
worth  recording  in  "  N.  &  Q.  :  " 

"  Wife-beating  advocated  by  a  Clergyman,  S^c.  —  A  very 
large  number  of  wife-beating  cases  have  recently  been 
brought  before  the  magistrates  at  Whitehaven,  where 
there  exists  a  sect  of  professing  Christians  who  propagate 
the  opinion  that  the  practice  is  in  accordance  with  the 
word  of  God.  The  Rev.  Geo.  Bird,  formerly  rector  of 
Cumberworth,  near  Iluddersfield,  has  established  himself 
there,  and  drawn  together  a  congregation ;  and  within 
the  last  few  weeks  it  has  transpired  that  he  holds  the 
doctrine  that  it  is  perfectly  scriptural  for  a  man  to  beat 
his  wife.  About  six  weeks  ago,  James  Scott,  a  member 
of  Mr.  Bird's  congregation,  was  summoned  by  his  wife  for 
brutally  beating  her  because  she  refused  to  attend  the 
same  place  of  worship  that  he  did.  When  before  the 
magistrates,  Mrs.  Scott  said  she  had  no  wish  her  bus- 
band  should  be  punished  if  he  would  promise  not  to  ill- 
use  her  badly  again.  When  asked  by  the  magistrates 
whether  ho  would  make  the  requisite  promise,  he  refused, 
saying,  *  Am  I  to  obey  the  laws  of  God,  or  the  laws  of 
man  ?  '  As  he  would  not  give  the  promise,  the  magis- 
trates committed  him  to  prison  for  a  month,  witli  hard 
labour.  The  liev.  Mr.  Bird  has  since  delivered  a  course 
of  lectures  on  the  subject  of  Scott's  conviction.  He  con- 
tends that  it  is  a  man's  duty  to  rule  his  own  honseliold  ; 
and  if  his  wife  refuse  to  obey  his  orders,  he  is  justified,  ac- 
cording to  the  law  of  God,  in  beating  her  in  order  to  en- 
force obedience." —  The  Examiner,  Oct.  11.  1856. 

Vox. 

Rustington  Church  (2""  S.  ii.  310.)  —  Tlie 
foundation  of  this  church  is  not  recorded,  except 
by  the  presumed  date  of  its  most  ancient  portions. 
It  did  not  exist  when  Domesday  Book  was  com- 
piled, A.D.  1080  —  1086  ;  but  Rustyntone  is  men- 
tioned in  Pope  Nicolas'  Taxation  made  in  a.d. 
1291,  at  Avhich  time  the  tov/er  and  the  south 
range  of  the  nave  may  have  been  erected  about  a 
century ;  at  least,  they  bear  the  character  of 
Richard  I.'s  age,  when  the  Norman  style  was  be- 
ginning to  yield  to  the  Early  English.  The  chan- 
cel is  in  the  latter  style,  and  may  be  some  thirty 
years  more  recent  than  the  earlier  building.  The 
north  range  of  the  nave,  the  north  aisle,  and  the 
projection  at  the  east  end  of  the  latter,  are  in  the 
Perpendicular  style,  and  erected  early  in  Henry 
VII.-'s  reign,  though  their  respective  ages  differ  a 
little.  The  south  aisle  has  been  rebuilt  since 
Dallaway's  time.  One  porch  in  an  unusual  posi- 
tion at  the  west  end,  and  another  on  the  north 
side,  are  both  ancient.  There  are  the  remains  of 
an  exquisite  piscina  in  the  building,  at  the  east 
end  of  the  north  aisle,  and  also  a  squint  com- 
manding the  east  end  of  the  chancel,  which  would 
lead  to  the  supposition  that  this  erection  had  once 
been  a  chantry,  where  masses  were  said  to  the 
memory  of  some  deceased  benefactor ;  but  it  may 
have  been  intended  also  as  an  enlargement  of  the 
church  for  the  accommodation  of  his  family.  Near 
to  the  opening  of  the  squint  in  the  cliancel  are 
the  remains  of  the  rood-loft  stair,  and  there  is 
another  squint  on  the   south   side.      Altogether 


Rustington  is  a  fine  church,  and  I  regret  that  I 
have  not  been  able  to  recover  more  of  its  history. 

Patonce. 

Hillier  Family  (2"''  S.  i.  53.)  —  Is  not  this  a 
form  of  the  word  TJellyer,  a  not  uncommon  family 
name  in  Devonshire  ?  where  it  has  the  meaning 
also  of  "  tiler,"  so  far  as  I  can  recollect. 

Henry  T.  Rii^ey. 


NOTES   ON   BOOKS,   ETC.*" 

Our  worthy  publishers,  Messrs.  Bell  &  Daldy,  have 
just  issued  a  couple  of  volumes  which  we  are  sure  will  be 
welcome,  not  only  to  readers  for  amusement,  to  whom 
thc}-  are  more  especially  addressed,  but  also  to  those  who 
read  for  information.  They  are  entitled,  Stories  hy  an 
Archmohgist  and  his  Friends ;  and  we  cannot  perhaps 
give  a  better  idea  of  their  contents  than  by  describing 
what  the  stories  are,  and  by  whom  they  are  related : 
first  premising  that  they  form  a  series  of  pretty  pic- 
tures illustrative  of  the  poetry  —  real,  deep  poetry  — 
which  lurks  in  the  apparently  dry  study  of  Archeology ; 
and  that  they  are  set  in  a  pleasant  framework,  perhaps 
not  altogether  fictitious,  which  makes  them  the  result  of 
the  meetings  of  a  knot  of  friendly  antiquaries  assembled 
at  Rome.  The  stories  are :  —  I.  The  BibliophilisVs  Story : 
The  Lost  Books  of  Livy.  II.  7716  Botanist's  Story :  The 
Crimson  Drop.  III.  The  Numismatist's  Story  :  The 
Pentadrachm  of  Ptolemy.  IV.  The  English  Archaologist's 
First  Story  :  Discoverers  and  their  Persecutors.  V.  The 
Surgeon's  Story  :  The  Imperial  Barber.  VI.  The  Young 
Painter's  Story :  The  Student  of  the  Vatican.  VII.  The 
Biographer's  Story:  The  Field  of  May.  VIII.  The 
Spaniard's  Story  :  The  Auletes  (a  Numismatic  anecdote'). 
IX.  The  Archceohgist' s  Second  Story :  The  Figure  in  the 
Tapestry.  And,  lastly,  X.  T'he  Spaniard's  Second  Story : 
The  3Ianola  of  Puerto  de  Santa  3Iaria. 

While  on  the  subject  of  archajological  works,  we  may  call 
attention  to  one  which  has  long  been  waiting  our  notice, 
but  to  which  we  have  felt  ourselves  unable  to  do  justice 
within  the  limited  space  which  we  can  afford  to  such 
subjects.  It  is  entitled  The  lost  Solar  System  of  the  An- 
cients discovered  by  John  Wilson  ;  and  two  volumes  more 
closely  filled  with  mathematical  calculations  based  on 
antiquarian  reading,  and  illustrative  of  subjects  of  deep 
interest  to  the  antiquary,  the  historian,  and,  indeed,  the 
general  readc/r  it  would  be  hard  to  find. 


BOOKS     AND     ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PURCHASE. 

Manning's  Sermoxs.    Vol.  T. 
Tavleu's  Fhysical  TnEOfiY  of  Another  Life. 

Novum  Oroanum.    Translated  by  Peter  Shaw,  with  Notes  Critical  and 
Explanatory.    2  Vols.    12rao.    London,  1802. 

«*«  Letters,  statins  particulars  and  lowest  vrice,  carriage  free,  to  be 
sent  to  Messrs.  Bf.t.i.  &  Daldv,  Publishers  of  "  JNOTES  AND 
QUERIES,"  18G.  Fleet  Street. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  centlemeu  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  Riven  for  that  purpose  : 

CoRi.TcisM  DtsPLAYED.    London.    12nio.    1?1S. 

The  CuRLiAU.     12mo.    London,  1729. 

Key  TO  THE  DoNciAD.     12mo.    London,  1729. 

Ditto  Ditto    Second  Edition.     1729. 

Ditto  Ditto    Third  Edition.      1729. 

Life  of  Dr.  Matthew  Tindal.    Svo.     1733. 

Wanted  by  WUliam  J.  Thomn,  Esq..  25.  Ilolywcll  Street,  Jlillbank, 
Westminster, 


360 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[2nd  s.  NO  44.,  Nov.  1.  '56. 


"Works  of  Ricabdbs  db  S.  Victor.    Editions  ■vrere  published  at  Vienna, 

1506  ;  Paris,  1518;  Lyons,  1534. 
8ei.dbn's  Mabmora  Arondkiliawa.    Small  4to.    1629. 

"Wanted  by  JRev.  F.  Parker,  Lufflncot,  Devon. 


LooDON-8  SmomBAN  HoBTicuiTonHT.    Parfs  5,  6.  8,  9, 10.    Published  by 

Q^SiE^REViBW.     Parts  1.  to  5.  12,  13.  15.  to  17.  19.  22,  23.  26. 187. 

192.  to  196.  „        „ 

Blackwood,  1836,  Feb.,  Sept.,  Oct.,  Dec. 

L10NSDAI.E  Maoaunb.    1821.  , 

"Wanted  by  Thos.  Hodgson,  Stationer,  Liverpool. 


Las  Case's  Memoirs  op  Napoieoi..  r„n,„..„ 

Opinion,  and  Policies  of  Napoleon.  8vo.  Colbura. 
IWarmovt's  Turkish  Empire.  3  Vols.  Unabridged. 
Gilbert's  First  Principles  of  "War.    Containing  a  Translation  Of  a 

PortionofJomiai's  Works.  ,  ^   , ,.    i,r        ,1 

Russian  ExpeditiTn  aoainst  Khiva.    Translated  by  Morrell. 
Countries  ahout  the  Caspian  and  Arab  Sf.as.    Maddox. 
Anti-Jacobin  or  Weekly  Advertiser.    2  Vols.    8vo. 
Percival's  IIippopATHOLOov.    2  Vols.    Svo.    iKjngman. 
Alison's  Life  of  Marlbobodoii. 
General  Yossup  s  Algiers.     Iranslated. 
Separatb  Treatise  on  War  from  the  Encyclop-'edia  Uritansica. 

Wanted  by  Walford  Brothers,  320.  Strand. 


Burke's  TTistor' 
Antiqhitif.s  of 
Edition.     1722. 


•  OF  THE  Commoners.    Vol.  IV.    1836. 

5t.  Peter's  Abbey,  Westminster.     London.    Third 


Wanted  by  James  Coleman,  Bookseller,  22.  High  Street,  Bloomsbury, 
London. 


In  conte(fuence  of  (he  numher  o/ Queries,  Queries  with  Answers,  njul 
Replies  to  Minor  Queries,  waiting  for  insertion  we  have  been  compelled 
to  postpone  until  nexct  week  that  portion  of  the  Notes  on  Cvvlz.!.,  prepared 
for  the  present  number,  which  fhoivs  Efow  Curll  was  punished  by  the 
Westminster  Scholars,  and  to  abridge  our  usual  Notes  on  Books. 

A .  A.  D.  Has  onr  Correspondent  any  part  of  the  Volume  of  which 
he  is  in  want  ?    Where  can  we  address  a  private  letter  to  him  f 

F.  S.  T.  (Carlisle.)    The  line 

"  Felix  quern  faciunt  aliena  pericula  cautnm," 
is  found  in  Cyllenius'  Commentary  on  Tibullns,  1493.   Sec  ojir  1st  S.  x, 
p.  235. 

Errata.  — 2nd  S.  ii.  28).  col.  1.  1.  16.,  for  "Lycorax"  rcnd"!iy- 
corax  ;"  p.  291 .  col.  1. 1.  17.,  for  "  St.  Coin  ''  read  "  St.  Colm  ;  "  p.  338. 
col.  1. 1.  41., /or  "  Luxembourg  "  read  "  Villeroi." 

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BEDSTEADS,  BATHS,  AND 
LAMPS.  -  WILLIAM  S.  BURTON 
has  SIX  LARGE  SHOW-ROOMS  devoted 
exclusively  to  the  SEPARATE  DISPLAY  of 
Lamps.  Baths,  and  Metallic  Bedsteads.  The 
stock  of  encli  is  at  once  the  largest,  newest,  and 
most  varied  ever  submitted  to  the  public,  and 
marked  at  prices  proportionate  with  those  that 
have  tended  to  make  his  establishment  the  most 
distinguished  in  this  country. 
Bedsteads,  from  -  12.i.  ftZ.  to  12Z.  O.?.  each. 
Shower  Bnths,  from  -  Is.  6d.  to  bl.  lbs.  each. 
Lamps  (.Moderateur), 
from  -.  -  -  6s.  Od.  to  6J.  6s.  each. 
(All  other  kinds  at  the  same  rate.) 
Pure  Colza  Oil    -       -  43.  8(7.  per  gallon. 

pUTLERY    WARRANTED.— 

'  )  The  most  varied  Assortment  of  TABLE 
CUTLERY  in  the  world,  all  warranted,  is  on 
SALE  at  WILLIAM  S.  BURTON'S,  at  prices 
that  are  remunerative  only  because  of  the 
largeness  of  the  sales.  3J-inch  ivory-handled 
Table  Knives,  with  high  shoulders,  lis.  per 
dozen  ;  Desserts  to  match,  IDs. ;  if  to  balance, 
I  s.  per  dozen  extra ;  Carvers.  4«.  per  pair ;  1  arger 
sizes,  from  19s.  to  26s.  per  dozen ;  ex'ra  fine, 
ivory,  32s.  i  if  with  silver  ferrules.  37s.  to  5ns.  j 
white  bone  Table  Knives,  7s.  <id.  per  dozen  ; 
Desserts,  5s.  M. ;  Carvers,  2s.  3rf.  per  pair; 
black  horn  Table  Knives,  7s.  Ad.  per  dozen  j 
Desserts,  6». ;  Carvers,  2s.  6^/. ;  black  wood- 
handled  Table  Knives  and  Forks,  6s.  per  doz. ; 
Table  Steels,  from  Is.  each.  The  largest  Stock 
in  existence  of  Plated  Dessert  Knives  and 
Forks,  in  cases  and  otherwise,  and  of  the  new 
Plated  Fish  Carvers. 

THE  PERFECT  SUBSTITUTE 
for  SILVER. -The  REAL  NICKEL 
SILVER,  introduced  20  years  ago  by  WIL- 
LIAM S.  BURTON,  when  PLATED  by  the 
Patent  of  Messrs.  Elkington  &  Co.,  is  beyond 


all  comparison  the  very  best  article  next  to 
sterling  silver  that  can  be  employed  as  such, 
cither  usefully  or  ornamentally,  as  by  no  pos- 
sible test  can  it  be  distinguished  from  real 
silver. 

Fiddle  or    Thread  or 
Old  Silver  Brunswick    King's 
Pattern.      Pattern.     Pattern. 
Table   Spoons   and 

Forks,  per  doz.  -  38».     .  .    4&«.    .  .    60s. 
Dessert    ditto    and 

ditto,  per  doz,      -  30«.     .  .    35s.    .  .    42s. 
Tea  ditto,  per  doz.  -  18s.     .  .    24s.    .  .    30s. 

Tea  and  Coffee  Sets,  Cruet  and  Liqueur 
Frames,  Waiters,  Candlesticks,  &c.,  at  propor- 
tionate prices.  All  kinds  of  re-plating  done 
by  the  patent  process. 

CHEMICALLY    PURE    NICKEL   NOT 
PLATED. 

Fiddle.    Tiircad.    King's. 
Table    Spoons   and 

Forks,  per  doz.     -    12s.    .  .    28s.    .  .    30s. 
Dessert     ditto     and 

ditto,  per  doz.       -    10s.    .  .    21s.    .  .    2,'js. 
Tea  ditto,  per  doz.  -      5s.»   .  .    lis.    .  .    12s. 

The  late  additions  to  these  extensive  pre- 
mises (already  by  far  the  largest  in  Europe), 
are  of  such  a  character  that  the  entire  of  Eight 
Houses  is  devoted  to  the  display  of  the  most 
maenificent  stock  of  GENERAL  HOUSE 
IRONMONGERY  (including  Cutlery.  Nickel 
Silver,  Plated  Goods.  Baths,  Brushes,  Turnery, 
Lamps,  Gaseliers,  Iron  and  Brass  Bedsteads, 
Bedding,  and  Bedhangings),  so  arranged  in 
Sixteen  Laree  Show  Rooms  as  to  afford  to 
parties  furnishing  facilities  in  the  selection  of 
goods  that  cannot  be  hoped  for  elsewhere. 

Illustrated  Catalogues  sent  (per  Post)  Free. 

39.  OXFORD  STREET;  1.  1a.  2.  and  3. 
NEWMAN  STREET  ;  and  4,  5.  and  6. 
PERRY'S  PLACE,  London.  Established 
1820. 


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D 


R.  KAHN'S  ANATOMICAL 

MUSEUM.  4.  Coventry  Street,  Lei- 
cester Square.  —  Open  for  Gentlemen  only, 
from  10  till  10.  Containing  upwards  of  1000 
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gnd  s.  No  45.,  Nov.  8.  '58.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES, 


361 


LONDON.  SATURDAY,  NOVEMBER  8. 1866. 


8TRAT    NOTES   ON    EDMUND    CURLL,    HIS    LIFE,    AND 
PUBLICATIONS. 

No.  4. '—  How  Curll  was  punished  by  the 
Westminster  Scholars. 

We  will  now  turn  our  attention  to  the  next  diffi- 
culty in  which  Curll's  greed  for  publication  appears 
to  have  embroiled  him  in  this  unlucky  year,  1716. 
We  have  just  seen  him  engajted  with  a  single 
adversary,  strong,  subtle,  virulent,  —  a  scorpion 
whose  bite  was  fatal,  —  we  shall  now  find  him 
surrounded  by  a  host  of  enemies,  a  cloud  of  mos- 
quitoes, each  ready  with  his,  tiny  but  irritating 
sting  to  add  to  the  torments  of  their  victim. 

On  Sunday,  July  8,  1716,  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land lost  one  of  her  greatest  sons.  On  that  day 
died  the  learned,  pious,  and  witty  Robert  South, 
Prebendary  of  Westminster,  and  Canon  of  Christ 
Church,  Oxford.  Four  days  after  his  decease, 
his  corpse,  having  for  some  time  lain  in  a  decent 
manner  in  the  Jerusalem  Chamber,  was  brought 
thence  into  the  College  Hall,  where  a  Latin  ora- 
tion was  pronounced  over  it  by  Mr.  John  Barber, 
then  Captain  of  the  King's  Scholars.""  Of  this 
funeral  discourse  Curll  would  Appear,  by  some 
means  or  other,  to  have  obtained  a  copy ;  and,  pre- 
suming from  the  celebrity  of  South's  name  that 
it  would  be  readily  purchased  by  the  public,  he — 
"  did  th'  Oration  print 
Imperfect,  with  false  Latin  in't."  f 

This  appears  to  have  excited  the  anger  of 
Barber  and  the  King's  Scholars,  and  they  de- 
termined upon  taking  vengeance  in  a  very  charac- 
teristic manner  upon  the  unlucky  Curll.  They 
decoyed  him  into  Dean's  Yard,  on  the  pretence  of 
giving  him  a  more  perfect  copy  of  the  Oration, 
but  when  they  had  got  liim  within  their  power 
they  gave  him  a  taste  of  the  "  discipline  of  the 
school,"  and  something  more.  What  were  the 
"  Purgings,  pumpings,  blankettings  and  blows,'' 
to  which  he  was  subjected  on  this  occasion,  we  are 
told  in  the  following  letter,  which  appeared  at  the 
time  in  The  St.  James's  Post. 

"  King's  College,  Westminster, 
August  3, 1716. 

"  Sir,  —  You  are  desired  to  acquaint  the  public  that  a 
certain  bookseller  near  Temple  Bar,  not  taking  warning 

*  Barber  was  admitted  into  St.  Peter's  College  in  1712 ; 
elected  to  Oxford,  1717 ;  and  took  his  degree  of  M.A.  in 
1724. 

•f  The  writer  of  these  Notes  has  not  been  able  to  meet 
with  a  copy  of  this  imperfect  edition  of  Barber's  Oration. 
It  is  reprinted  in  the  Posthumous  Works  of  South  issued 
b}'  Curll  in  1717,  and  which  contains  the  Life  of  South 
to  -which  reference  has  already  been  made.  It  should  also 
be  mentioned  that  Curll  published  in  the  same  year  (1717) 
an  octavo  volume  containing  South's  Opera  Fosthuma  La- 
tino, &c.  —  S.  N.  M. 


by  the  frequent  drubs  that  he  has  undergone  for  his  often 
pirating  other  men's  copies,  did  lately,  without  the  con- 
sent of  Mr  John  Barber,  present  Captain  of  Westminster 
School,  publish  the  scraps  of  a  Funeral  Oration,  spoken 
by  him  over  the  corpse  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  South.  And  being 
on  Thursday  last  fortunately  nabbed  within  the  limits  of 
Dean's  Yard,  by  the  King's  Scholars  there,  he  met  with  a 
college  salutation,  for  he  was  first  presented  with  the 
ceremony  of  the  blanket,  in  which,  when  the  skeleton  had 
been  well  shook,  he  was  carried  in  triumph  to  the  school ; 
and  after  receiving  a  grammatical  construction  for  his 
false  concords,  he  was  reconducted  to  Dean's  Yard,  and  on 
his  knees  asking  pardon  of  the  aforesaid  Mr.  Barber  for 
his  offence,  he  was  kicked  out  of  the  Yard,  and  left  to  the 
huzzas  of  the  rabble. 

"  I  am,  Sir,  yottrs,  &c. 

«  T.  A." 
This  story  was  too  good  to  be  lost.  Pope,  in  a 
letter  to  Martha  Blount,  alludes  to  "  Mr.  Edmund 
Curll  having  been  exercised  in  a  blanket,  and 
whipped  at  Westminster  School  by  the  boys, 
whereof  the  common  prints  have  given  some  ac- 
count," and  it  was  made  the  theme  of  a  pam- 
phlet which,  although  it  has  already  been  the  sub- 
ject of  some  communications  to  "  N.  &  Q.,"  well 
deserves  to  be  reproduced  in  this  place.  It 
occupies  sixteen  octavo  pages  in  the  original,  but 
will  take  very  little  room  in  these  columns.  It  is 
entitled : 

"  I^eck  or  Nothing.* 

A  Consolatory  Letter  from  Mr.  D — nt — n  to  Mr.  C — rll, 
upon  his  being  Tost  in  a  Blanket,  &c. 

'  Id  coglto  quod  res  est  quando  eum  qusestum  occeperis, 
Accipiuuda  et  mussitanda  injuria  adolescentium  est.' 

Tbrent. 
'  Truth  is  truest  poesy.'  —  Cowle"^ 

Sold  by  Charles  Eling  in  Westminster  Hall,  mdccxvi. 
Price  4d:" 


■} 


"  Lo !  I  that  erst  the  glory  spread 
Of  Worthies,  who  for  Monmouth  bled; 
In  letters  black,  and  letters  red : 
To  thee,  Dear  Mun,  Condolence  write. 
As  suff 'rer  from  the  Jacobite : 
For  just  as  they  were  martyrs,  so 
A  glorious  Confessor  art  thou : 
Else  should  this  matchless  pen  of  mine 
Vouchsafe  thee  not  a  single  line; 
Nor  wave  its  politicks  for  this, 
Its  dark  and  deep  discoveries, 
Nor  for  a  moment  should  forbear 
To  charge  the  faction  in  the  rear. 

Could  none  of  thy  poetick  band 

Of  mercenary  wits  at  hand. 

Foretell,  or  ward  the  coming  blow. 

From  garret  high,  or  cellar  low  ? 

Or  else  at  least  in  verse  bemoan 

Their  Lord,  in  double  sense  cast  down  ? 

Or  wast  thou  wam'd,  and  couldst  believe 

That  habit  fitted  to  deceive. 

That  corner'd  cap,  and  hanging  sleeve  ? 

What  Protestant  of  sober  wits 

Would  trust  folks  drest  like  Jesuits  ? 


} 


*  This  tract  must  not  be  confounded  with  John  Dun- 
ton's  Neck  or  Nothing,  in  a  Letter  to  the  Earl  of  Oxford, 
1713,  noticed  in  Swift's  Public  Spirit  of  the  Whigs,  Scott's 
edition  of  Swift's  Works,  iv.  224. 


362 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  45.,  Nov.  8.  '56. 


And  couldst  thou,  Mun,  be  such  a  sot 
As  not  to  smell  a  powder-plot? 
And  looking  nine  ways  couldst  not  spy 
What  might  be  seen  with  half  an  eye. 

What  planet  rul'd  that  luckless  daj'. 

When  thou,  by  traitors  call'd  away. 

Thy  hasty  hapless  course  didst  steer 

To 'fatal  flogging  Westminster? 

For  hat  and  gloves  you  call'd  in  haste, 

And  down  to  execution  pass'd. 

Small  need  of  hat  and  gloves,  I  trow ; 

Thou  mightst  have  left  thy  breeches  too! 

Perhaps  thy  soul,  to  gain  inclin'd, 

Did  gratis  copies  think  to  find ; 

Or  else,  mistaken  hopes,  expected 

To  have  at  least  the  press  corrected. 

Correction  they  designing  were 

More  difficult,  but  better  far. 

Tho'  whatsoe'er  the  knaves  intended, 

Thou'rt  but  corrected,  not  amended. 

No !  let  it  ne'er  by  man  be  said. 

The  pirate's  frighted  from  his  trade : 

Tho'  vengeful  Birch  should  flea  his  thighs, 

Tho'  toss'd  from  Blankets  he  should  rise, 

Or  stand  fast  nail'd  to  pillories ! 

"  To  see  thee  smart  for  copy-stealing. 
My  bowels  yearn  with  fellow  feeling. 
Have  I  alone  oblig'd  the  press 
With  fifteen  hundred  treatises. 
Printers  and  stationers  undone, 
A  plagiary  in  ev'ry  one  ? 
Yet  always  luckily  have  sped. 
Nor  suflfeV'd  in  my  tail  or  head. 
My  shoulders  oft  have  ach'd,  'tis  true, 
Misfortune  frequent  with  us  two ! 
Law  claims  from  thieves,  and  pamphleteers, 
Stripes  on  the  back,  and  pain  of  ears ; 
And  cudgels  too  a  power  derive 
Around  our  sides  executive : 
A  power,  tho'  not  by  statute  lent, 
Yet  justified  by  precedent. 
But  law  or  custom  does  not  give 
•  Such  tyrannous  prerogative ; 

To  turn  thy  brains,  and  then  extend 
Their  fury 'to  thy  nether  end ! 

"  Inhuman  punishment,  inflicted 
By  stripling  Tories,  rogues  addicted 
To  arbitrary  Constitution ; 
'Twas  Eom'e !  'Twas  downright  persecution ! 
I  sweat  to  think  of  thy  condition 
Before  that  barb'rous  Inquisition. 
Lo !  wide-extended  by  the  crowd. 
The  Blanket,  dreadful  as  a  shroud. 
Yawns  terrible,  for  thee,  poor  Mun, 
To  stretch,  but  not  to  sleep  upon. 
Glad  wouldst  thou  give  thy  copies  now, 
And  all  tin"-  golden  hopes  forego ; 
Some  favour  from  their  hands  to  win, 
And  'scape  but  once  with  a  whole  skin : 
Yet  vain,  alas !  is  thj'  repentance, 
For  Neck  or  Nothing  is  thj'  sentence : 
How  dost  thou  lessen  to  the  sight, 
With  more  than  a  poetick  flight  ? 
I  ken  thee  dancing  high  in  air, 
With  limbs  alert,  and  quiv'ring  there : 
So,  whizz'd  from  stick,  I've  seen  to  rise 
A  frog,  sent  sprawling  to  the  skies, 
By  naughty  boys,  on  sport  intent. 
Caught  straggling  from  its  element. 


} 


This  scene  some  Graver  shall  invite, 
To  stamp  thy  form  in  black  and  white : 
Haply  in  future  times  to  grace 
Some  ever-open  frontispiece. 
With  mouldy  veteran  authors  stale, 
Sustain'd  by  packthread  and  a  rail : 
Where  Crouch,  sweet  story-teller,  keeps, 
And  BuNYAN,  happy  dreamer,  sleeps : 
Near  him  perchance  aerial  Thou, 
Aloft  shalt  thy  proportion  show ; 
For  ever  carv'd  on  wooden  plate, 
Shalt  hang  i'th'  air  like  Mahomet. 
Whate'er  thine  effigy  might  do, 
Thy  person  could  not  hover  so. 
Happj'  at  Westminster  for  thee, 
Cou'dst  thou  have  hung  by  geometry? 
But,  ah !  the  higher  mortals  soar. 
So  Fate  ordains,  they  fall  the  lower ; 
With  swifter  rapidness  down-hasting, 
For  nothing  violent  is  lasting. 
With  greater  force  thj'  forehead  came, 
Than  engine,  or  than  batt'ring  ram ; 
Nor  blankets  interposing  wool, 
Could  save  the  pavement,  or  the  skull. 

"  This  sure  might  seem  enough  for  once,  oh ! 
This  tossing  up,  and  tumbling  down  so ; 
And  well  thy  stomach  might  incline 
To  spue  without  emetick  wine : 
Their  rage  goes  farther,  and  applies 
More  fundamental  Injuries! 

*'  Like  truant,  doom'd  the  lash  to  feel, 
Thou'rt  dragg'd,  full  sore  against  thy  will, 
To  school  to  sufifer  more  and  worse, 
No  wonder  if  you  hang  an  arse : 
As  thy  posteriors  could  foresee 
Their  near-approaching  destiny. 
The  school,  the  direful  place  of  Fate, 
Opes  her  inhospitable  gate ; 
Which  ne'er  had  j'et  such  rigour  seen, 
No !  not  from  Busby's  discipline. 
And,  first  of  all,  the  cruel  rabble 
Conduct  thee,  trembling,  to  a  table : 
Thy  wriggling  corps  across  they  spread. 
Two  guard  the  heels,  and  two  the  head. 
The  rest  around,  a  threatning  band. 
With  each  his  fasces  in  his  hand. 
Dreadful,  as  Roman  lictors  stand. 
So  oft  a  four-legg'd  cur  I've  known. 
By  hind  legs,  and  by  fore  kept  down 
To  be  dissected,  while  physician 
Stands  o'er  with  weapon  of  incision. 
The  scene  they  order  to  disclose ; 
'  Strip,  pull  his  breeches  o'er  his  hose : 
'  Nay,  farther,  make  the  coast  yet  clearer, 
'Tho'  near  the  shirt,  the  skin  is  nearer.' 
So  said,  so  done,  they  soon  uncase 
Thy  only  penetrable  face, 
The  breech,  the  seat  of  bashfulness. 
As  hence  we  gather  by  its  caring, 
So  very  rarely  for  appearing ; 
Nor  oft  its  pretty  self  revealing. 
Devoid  of  sight,  but  not  of  feeling : 
And  now  upon  th}'  rump  they  score  thee, 
And  pink  thy  flesliy  cushions  for  thee. 

"  Come,  hold  him  fair,  we'll  make  him  know 
What  'tis  to  deal  with  scholars  — '  Oh ! ' 
Quoth  Edmund  :  — Now,  without  disguise. 
Confess,  quo'  they,  thy  rogueries. 
What  makes  you  keep  in  garret  high 
Poor  bards  tied  up  to  Poetry  ? 


ijc  ucau. 

and,  ") 
I,  [ 
d.        J 


irei 

} 


I 


2»d  s.  No  45.,  Nov.  8.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


363 


♦  I'm  forc'd  to  load  thera  with  a  clog, 

To  make  them  study : ' Here's  a  rogue 

Affronts  the  school,  we'll  make  thee  rue  it : 
— '  Indeed,  I  never  meant  to  do  it  I ' 
No  ?  didst  thou  not  th'  Oration  print 
Imperfect,  with  false  Latin  in't? 

•  O  pardon ! '  —  No,  Sir,  have  a  care, 
False  Latin's  never  pardon'd  here ! 

'  Indeed,  I'll  ne'er  do  so  agen, 

*  Pray  handle  me  like  gentlemen : '  — 
Yes,  that  we  will.  Sir,  never  fear  it. 
Your  betters  have  been  forc'd  to  bear  it. 
Thus  shaking  the  tyrannick  rod. 
Insulting  thy  backside  they  stood. 
And  with  a  lash,  as  is  their  fashion, 
Finish'd  each  smart  expostulation. 

"  Tho'  all  that  can  by  man  be  said, 
Can  ne'er  beat  sense  into  thy  head ; 
Yet  sure  this  method  cannot  fail. 
Quick  to  convey  it  to  thy  tail. 
As  when  a  purge,  that's  upwards  ta'en, 
Scours  not  the  stubborn  bowels  clean ; 
More  surely  operating  clyster, 
At  t'other  end  they  administer. 

"  I  Westminster  so  much  should  hate, 
Had  I  been  yerkt  like  thee  thereat : 
I'm  sure  I  should  not  care  at  all. 
To  come  so  near  it  as  the  Hall. 
Hast  thou  not  oft  enough  in  Court 
Appear'd,  and  often  smarted  for't  ? 
And  dost  thou  not,  with  many  a  brand. 
Recorded  for  a  Pirate  stand  ? 
Glad  that  a  fine  could  pay  th'  arrears, 
And  clear  the  mortgage  of  thy  ears ! 
Then  what  relief  dost  hope  to  draw, 
From  that  which  still  condemns  thee.  Law  ? 
And  if  from  Law  no  help  there  be, 
I'm  sure  there's  none  from  Equity : 
Lay  hand  on  heart,  and  timely  think. 
The  more  thou  stir'st,  the  more  thou'lt  stink : 
And  tho'  it  sorely  gauls  thee  yet, 
Well  as  thou  canst,  sit  down  with  it : 
And  since  to  rage  will  do  no  good, 
Pull  in  thy  horns,  and  kiss  the  Rod ; 
And  while  thou  canst,  retreat,  for  fear 
They  fall  once  more  upon  thy  rear. 

"  Tho'  'tis  vexatious,  Mun,  I  grant, 
To  hear  the  passing  truants  taunt, 
And  ask  thee  at  thy  shop  in  jeer, 
'  Which  is  the  way  to  IVestminster  ?  ' 
Oh  !  how  th'  unlucky  urchins  laugh'd, 
To  think  they'd  niaul'd  thee  fore  and  aft ; 
'Tis  such  a  sensible  affront ! 
Why,  Pope  will  make  an  epic  on't! 
Bernard  will  chuckle  at  thy  moan, 
And  all  the  booksellers  in  town. 
From  ToNSON  down  to  Boddingtc 
Fleet  Street  and  Teniple-Bir  around. 
The  Strand  and  Holborn,  this  shall  sound : 
For  ever  this  shall  grate  thine  ear, 
'  Which  is  the  wav  to  Westminster  ? ' " 


moan,    "i 

SGTON.  J 


Prefixed  is  a  plate,  divided  into  three  compart- 
ments :  the  first  exhibits  Curll  being  "  presented 
with  the  ceremony  of  the  blanket."  In  the  second, 
he  is  prostrated  on  a  table  receiving  a  flagellation 
where  one  wound,  'tis  said, 

"  hurts  honour  more 
Than  twenty  when  laid  on  before." 


In  the  third,  he  is  on  his  bended  knees  between 
two  files  of  the  Westminster  scholars,  "  asking 
pardon  of  the  aforesaid  Mr.  Barber." 

This  satirical  piece  has  been  very  generally 
attributed  to  Samuel  Wesley  "■,  eldest  son  of  the 
Rector  of  Epworth,  first  a  scholar,  and  afterwards 
for  nearly  twenty  years  usher,  of  Westminster 
School ;  and  in  a  copy  now  before  us  there  is 
written  on  the  title-page,  in  an  old  if  not  con- 
temporary hand,  "  By  Sam  Wesley."  He  is  thus 
noticed  in  The  Curliad^  p.  10. : 

"The  Rev.  Mr.  Wesley,  one  of  the  assistants  of  West- 
minster School,  is  omitted  in  the  Dunciad  Variorum.  This 
line  — 

'And  furious  Dennis  foam  in  Wesley's  rage  '— 
is  now  altered  — 

'  And  all  the  Mighty  Mad  in  Dennis  rage.' 

The  former  edition  being  now  pretended  to  have  been 
a  surreptitious  one :  wherein  likewise  stood  this  couplet, 
viz.: 

'  A  Gothic  Vatican !  of  Greece  and  Rome 
Well  purg'd  and  worthy  Wesley,  Watts,  and  Broome.' 

The  names  are  now  changed  to  Withers,  Quarles,  and 
Blome,  with  this  palliation  for  the  three  priests,  that  they 
*  were  persons  eminent  for  good  life ;  the  one  (Mr.  Samuel 
Wesley)  writ  the  Life  of  Christ  in  verse ;  the  other  (Isaac 
Watts)  some  valuable  pieces  in  the  lyric  kind  on  pious 
subjects,  the  title  of  his  poems  being  Hora  Lyrica. 
And  Mr.  John  Broome  has  assured  me  that  the  assistance 
he  gave  Mr.  Pope  in  his  notes  upon  Homer  were  lucu- 
brations of  labour  not  small." 

How  far  this  poetical  effusion  led  to  the  friend- 
ship which  subsequently  existed  between  Pope 
and  Samuel  Wesley  is  uncertain ;  but  that  they 
were  on  friendly  terms  is  evident  from  the  follow- 
ing interesting  letter,  printed  in  the  GentlemarCs 
Magazine,  Ivii.  589. : 

"  To  the  Rev.  Mr.  Wesley,  at  Tiverton,  Devon. 

"Twitenham,  Oct.  21  [1734?]. 
"  Dear  Sir,  —  Your  letter  had  not  been  so  long  un- 
answered, but  that  I  was  not  returned  from  a  journey  of 
some  weeks  when  it  arrived  at  this  place.  You  mavde- 
pend  upon  the  money  for  the  Earl  of  PeterborowJ^  Mr. 
Bethel,  Dr.  Swift,  and  Mr.  Echersall,  which  I  will  pay 
beforehand  to  any  one  j'ou  shall  direct ;  and  I  think  you 
may  set  down  Dr.  Delany,  whom  I  will  write  to.  I  de- 
sired my  Lord  Oxford,  some  months  since,  to  tell  you 
this :  it  was  just  upon  my  going  to  take  a  last  leave  of 
Lord  Peterborow,  in  so  much  hurry  that  I  had  not  time 
to  write ;  and  my  Lord  Oxford  undertook  to  tell  it  you 
from  me.  I  agree  with  you  in  the  opinion  of  Savage's 
strange  performance,  which  does  not  deserve  the  benefit  of 
the  clergy.  Mrs.  Wesley  has  my  sincere  thanks  for  her 
good  wishes  in  favour  of  this  wretched  tabernacle  vay 
body ;  the  soul  that  is  so  unhappy  to  inhabit  it  deserves 
her  regard  something  better,  because,  it  really  harbours 
much  good- will  for  her  husband  and  herself,  no  man 
being  more  truly,  dear  Sir,  your  affectionate  and  faithful 
servant,  "  Alexander  Pope." 


♦  In  The  Memoirs  of  the  Society  of  Grub  Street,  vol.  i. 
p.  16.,  the  work  is  distinctly  said  to  have  been  written  by 
Wesley.  _ 


364 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nas.N»45.,mv.  8. '5$. 


But  Wesley  was  not  the  only  one  who  cele- 
brated Curll's  misfortunes  in  verse.  One  of  the 
authors  of  the  Carmina  Quadragesimalia,  as  has 
already  been  shown  (ante,  p.  21.),  made  them  his 
theme,  and  one  of  the  writers  of  The  Grub  Street 
Journal  translated  it  into  English.  In  plain  prose 
he  was  often  reproached  by  allusion  to  these  in- 
dignities. Thus  in  The  Theatre  Royal  Turn'd 
into  a  Mountebank  Stage.  In  some  Remarks  upon 
Mr.  Gibbers  Quack- Dramatical  Performance  called 
Th6  Non- Juror.  By  a  N  on- Juror,  London,  Mor- 
phew,  1718,  the  author  says,  p.  33.  : 

"  Were  I  to  follow  the  Example  of  him  that  has  pub- 
lish'd  a  Key  to  Mr.  Gibber's  Nonjuror,  that  has  no  such 
thing  as  a  Lock  to  it,  I  should  take  leave  of  the  Reader 
here,  and  moie  Curleano,  after  I  had  accus'd  others  of 
Plagiarism,  at  the  same  time  as  no  one  breathing  was 
more  guilty  of  making  bold  with  other  men's  Works  than 
himself.  Though  how  he  came  to  overlook  his  Author's 
Tossing  St.  Bartholomew  in  a  Blanket,  before  a  Mob- 
Audience  in  a  Theatre,  without  some  retrospection  upon 
the  late  treatment  of  a  near  acquaintance  of  his  at  West- 
minster College,  or  for  what  reason  he  suffer'd  Mr.  Jo- 
seph Gay  to  fall  foul  upon  the  Obscenity  of  the  Play, 
without,  asking  pardon  of  God  and  the  World  for  his 
Bookseller's  Cases  of  Impotency,  and  other  surreptitious 
Ribaldry,  that  I  suppose  is  to  himself  or  will  remain  to 
others  a  secret." 

And  years  afterwards  (1745)  the  author  of  the 
Remarks  on  Squire  Ay  re's  Memoirs  of  Pope  twits 
Curll  by  relating  that,  — 

«*  One  of  the  first  Things  that  made  him  talk'd  of  among 
the  learned  World,  was  that  in  1716,  soon  after  the  Fune- 
ral of  Doctor  South,  he  having  by  some  means  procured 
an  imperfect  Copy  of  the  Funeral  Oration  spoken  by  one 
of  the  King's  Scholars  publisli'd  it ;  upon  which  the  rest 
of  that  Fraternity,  under  pretence  of  helping  him  to  a 
more  perfect  Copy,  decoy'd  him  to  their  Hall,  where  they 
amused  themselves  some  time  with  tossing  him  in  a 
Blanket ;  and  afterwards  Conducting  him  to  the  School, 
gave  him  the  discipline  of  the  Rod  till  that  very  Instru- 
ment of  Vengeance  wept,  as  Shakspear  has  it,  for  the  poor 
Bookseller's  Sufferings." 

Lastly,  to  prove  that  the  story  is  a  fact,  and  not, 
as  might  be  supposed,  a  fiction,  we  have  Curll's 
own  confession;  who,  remarking  upon  Pope's 
note  on  The  Dunciad,  bk.  ii.  lines  143-4.,  where 
the  poet  speaks  of  "  Curll's  being  toss'd  in  a 
Blanket,"  thus  acknowledges  in  The  Gurliad, 
p.  25.,  the  general  truth  of  the  story  : 

"  To  pursue  thee,  Scriblerus,  to  p.  35.,  thou  continuest  in 
leesing,  for  what  thou  assertest  in  the  second  column  of 
thy  remarks  upon  that  page,  concerning  a  blanket,  &c. 
was  a  rugg,  and  the  whole  controversy  relating  thereunto 
shall  one  day  see  the  light." 

Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  say  whether 
Curll  kept  his  promise,  and  whether  "  the  whole 
controversy"  ever  did  see  the  light?        S.  N.  M. 


ORIENTAL   L,1TBBATURE. 

The   enclosed   communication   has   been   for- 
warded to  me,  and  as  I  consider  the  project  very 


important  I  hope  you  will  kindly  give  it  pub- 
licity : 

"  To  Orientalists.  —  Dr.  F.  Boettcher  of  Dresden  has 
been  engaged  for  several  years  in  preparing  a  work  en- 
titled '  Bibliotheca  Semitica,'  which  is  to  contain  bio- 
graphical notices  of  all  scholars  who  have  contributed  in 
any  way  to  the  advancement  of  Biblical  or  other  Oriental 
studies,  with  lists  of  their  writings.  To  render  the  work 
as  complete  as  possible,  he  earnestly  requests  information 
on  the  following  points,  from  such  British  scholars  as 
have  written  on  the  grammar,  literature,  history,  geo- 
graphy, antiquities,  &c.,  of  the  Hebrew,  Phoenician, 
Chaldee,  Syriac,  Samaritan,  Arabic,  Assyrian  (cuneiform 
inscriptions),  Egyptian,  and  Ethiopic  : — name  in  full, 
date  and  place  of  birth,  to  what  religious  denomination 
they  belong ;  the  positions  they  hold,  or  have  held,  with 
date  of  appointment  to  each;  complete  lists  of  their  writ- 
ings, including  articles  in  reviews,  enc5xlopaedias,  &c. 
(specifying  in  these  cases  the  number,  or  volume,  and 
page). 

"  Various  orientalists  have  agreed  to  aid  Dr.  B.  in  his 
publication,  —  such  as  Doru,  Fleischer,  De  Gayangos, 
Juynboll,  Renau,  Robinson,  and  Sprenger.  British  scho- 
lars who  maj'  be  inclined  to  comply  with  the  above  re- 
quest, are  desired  to  communicate  by  letter  (prepaid), 
before  the  20th  of  December,  with  Wm.  Wright,  Professor 
of  Arabic,  Trinity  College,  Dublin." 

If  you  can  print  the  above  you  will  promote  a 
very  desirable  literary  undertaking,  and  yet  not 
needlessly  burden  your  pages  with  communica- 
tions on  the  subject.  B.  H.  Cowpeb. 


ILLUSTEAtlONS   OF   MACAULAT. 

The  Fall  of  Nnmur.  —  In  reference  to  the  fall 
of  Namur,  Mr.  Macaulay  says  {History  of  Eng- 
land,  vol.  iv.  p.  600)  : 

"  The  joy  of  the  conquerors  was  heightened  bj'  the  re- 
collection of  the  discomfiture  which  they  had  suffered 
three  years  before  on  the  same  spot,  and  of  the  insolence 
with  which  their  enemy  had  then  triumphed  over  them. 
They  now  triumphed  in  their  turn.  The  Dutch  struck 
medals — the  Spaniards  sang  Te  Deums.  Many  poems, 
serious  and  sportive,  appeared,  of  which  one  only  has 
lived.  Prior  burlesqued  with  admirable  spirit  and  plea- 
santry the  bombastic  verses  in  which  Boileau  had  cele- 
brated the  first  taking  of  Namur.  The  two  odes  printed 
side  by  side  were  read  with  delight  in  London,  and  the 
critics  at  Wills  pronounced  that  in  wit  as  in  arms  Eng- 
land had  been  victorious." 

A  curious  piece  of  the  day  of  120  pages,  18mo. 
(in  my  possession)  may  not  have  come  under  the 
notice  of  Mr.  Macaulay,  notwithstanding  his  inde- 
fatigable researches.  It  is  entitled  Entretien  Du 
Marechal  de  Luxembourg  et  de  Francois  de  Chart- 
vallon  Archveque  de  Paris  Dans  les  Champs  Elizees 
sur  la  Prise  de  Namur  VAn  1695,  printed  "Chez 
les  Heretiers  de  Pierre  Marteau,  1695,"  under- 
stood to  be  from  the  press  of  the  Elzevirs  of  Hol- 
land in  that  feigned  name.  It  is  an  entertaining 
and  gossiping  dialogue  on  the  siege  and  fall  ot 
Namur,  and  of  the  opinion  of  the  parties  as  to  the 
political  prospects  of  both  France  and  England  in 
relation  to  this  great  event,  which  had  just  signal- 


2nd  s.  N«  45.,  Nov.  8.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


365 


ised  the  allied  arms,  Chanvallon  taking  the  part 
of  Louis,  and  Luxembourg  predisposed  to  that  of 
William.  The  conversation  is  in  whole  seasoned 
with  much  pungent  raillery,  and  supported  with 
considerable  ability,  and,  whoever  was  the  author, 
he  must  have  been  pretty  well  acquainted  with 
the  current  of  public  feeling.  It  would  be  too 
long  to  engross  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  with 
topics  which  are  generally  well  known ;  but .  a 
few  specimens,  chiefly  from  the  more  witty  and 
poetical  part  of  the  publication,  may  be  quoted. 

At  p.  5.,  Chanvallon  speaking  of  the  fortress 
of  Namur,  the  editor  of  "  N.  &  Q."  may  be  fur- 
nished with  an  interesting  "  Door-head  Inscrip- 
tion "  to  add  to  his  list : 

"  Je  ne  puis  m'empecher  de  craindre  quoy  que  sa  Majesty 
(Louis)  ait  fait  mettre  sur  la  Porte  du  Chateau,  en  grosses 
letres  d'or,  Place  a  rendi-e,  mais  non  a  prendre,  reddi,  sed 
vhici  non  potest." 

So  much  elated  is  Chanvallon  with  the  view  of 
French  success,  that  he  will  scarcely  afford  time 
to  Luxembourg  to  explain  the  circumstances  of 
the  war : 

"  Je  ne  suis  point  preocup^,  Mr.  [says  the  pious  Arch- 
bishop, p.  2G.].  Je  vous  avou^  bien  pourtant,  que  je  sou- 
haiterois  de  tout  mon  cceur,  que  le  Roi  vint  a  bout  de 
tous  ses  ennemis,  qu'il  extermina  entierment  I'lleresie,  et 
les  Heretiques,  et  qu'il  soumit  sous  sa  Domination  juste 
et  equitable  tous  les  autres  peuplcs  de  la  terre.  C'etoit 
]h  le  motif  de  mes  prieres  et  de  mes  conseils."  "  La  levee 
du  Siege  de  Namur,  et  la  Victoire  du  Turc  sur  I'Empe- 
reur,  qui  se  verra  oblige  par  1^  a  retirer  toutes  les  Troupes 
qu'il  a  sur  le  Rhein  et  en  Italic,  ce  qui  facilitera  aux 

Francois  la  conquete  entiere  de  Piemont ce  sera 

pour  lors  avec  raison  qu'on  devra  faire  de  feux  de  joye  et 
chanter  des  Te  Deum  par  toute  la  France  pour  la  mine  de 
cet  nid  Huguenot  (the  Swiss)  et  qu'on  pourra  appliquer 
a  cette  Ville  (Geneva)  avec  plus  de  justice  ce  quatrain 
qui  fut  fait  apres  la  prise  de  la  Ville  d'Orange :  — 

" '  Cas  surprenant,  malheur  etrange  1 
Pauvre  Calvin  que  fairez  vous? 
Vouz  n'aurez  pluz  de  bons  ragous, 
Puis  que  vous  n'avez  plus  d'Orange.'  " 

The  Archbishop  could  not,  however,  longer 
conceal  the  truth  from  himself,  and  at  p.  40. 
breaks  out  in  a  fit  of  the  hysterics : 

"  Quoy,  Namur  a  ete  pris  a  la  barbe  meme  d'une  Arm& 
de  plus  de  cent  mille  hommes.  Non  je  ne  puis  me  con- 
soler, et  s'il  etoit  possible  que  je  mourus  une  seconde  fois, 
j'expirerois  presentement  de  douleur  et  de  chagrin.  O 
rage  I  O  desespoir !  0  fortune  ennemi !  C'en  est  fait,  la 
Prance  est  perdue,  il  n'y  a  plus  de  retour  pour  elle,"  &c. 

To  increase  French  humiliation,  public  ridicule 
had  been  extensively  afloat  in  poems  of  a  biting 
kind.     Page  44. : 

"  Luxembourg. — A  propos  de  satires  il  faut  que  je  vous 
en  fasse  voir  une  qui  vient  d'etre  faite  tout  presentement 
centre  notre  Roi,  et  contre  quelques-nns  de  ses  Generaux. 
Kcoutez : 

" '  Qui  scait  mieux  que  Louis  juger  du  vrai  merite, 
Ni  mieux  recompenser  les  belles  actions  ? 
Ce  Prince  inimitable  en  ses  infractions, 
N'a  pas  en  I'autre  point  de  Prince  qui  I'imite. 


Tourville  est-il  battu  sur  mer  ? 

Le  voila  Marechal  de  France : 

Bonflers  rend-il  Namur  faute  d'experience  ? 

Le  voila  d'abord  Due  et  Pair. 

Et  Villeroy  qui  prend  une  route  semblable, 

Court  risque  d'etre  Connetable.'  " 

The  false  mode  which  had  then  existed  of  re- 
presenting the  state  of  public  affairs  through  the 
French  newspapers  is  next  commented  on,  which 
brings  out,  at  p.  49.,  the  following  information 
from 

"  Luxembourg. — Vous  vous  trompez  a  cet  egard.  Mon- 
sieur I'Archeveque ;  il  y  a  en  France  beaucoup  de  gens, 
qui  leur  ont  donne  souvent  sur  les  doigts,  et  tout  pre- 
sentement voicy  ce  qu'on  vient  de  publier  contr'eux,  et 
surtout  contre  I'Auteur  du  Mercure  Galant,  qui  de  toua 
les  menteurs  est  le  plus  menteur : 

" '  Permettez,  Monsieur  Deviz^, 
Que  je  vous  parle  avec  franchise. 
Aux  Ennemis  du  Roy  vous  donnez  trop  de  prise. 
Un  auteur  qui  de  tous  pretend  etre  prise 
Sur  quel  sujet  qu'il  devise, 
Ne  doit  jamais  etre,  ou  qu'il  vis^, 
Contre  le  bon  sens  divise. 
De  dire  vrai  surtout,  il  est  bon  qu'il  s'avise : 
De  tout  Ecrivain  avise, 

Rien  n'est  beau  que  le  vrai  doit  etre  sa  devise ; 
Mais  ce  n'est  pas  la  votre  guise. 
Dela  vient  qu'un  Auteur  des  Dieux  favorisd, 
Auteur  qui  tout  depeint,  qui  tout  characterise, 
Vous  a  si  bien  depeint  et  characterise, 
Que  depuis  aucun  ne  vous  prise : 
Et  qu'un  autre  Ecrivain  non  moins  autorisdi 
Tous  les  mois  vous  ridiculise, 
Personne  ne  vous  plaint,  nul  n'est  scandalise 
Qui  voulez  vous  enfin  que  cela  scandalisd? 
Un  Auteur  qui  n'est  point  de  raise 
Doit  etre  ridiculise.' 

"  Chanvallon.  —  Cela  m'a  bien  la  mine  d'avoir  ete 
fait  en  HoUande,  mais  n'importe,"  &c. 

Spies  had  also  played  an  important  part  in  the 
transactions  of  the  time.  One  of  them  is  intro- 
duced by  Chanvallon  (p.  54.)  under  the  title  of 
an  "old  officer,"  "qui  devoit  etre  asseurement 
quelque  homme  de  haute  qualite  et  d'intrigue." 
Others  of  the  same  tribe  are  mentioned  by  Lux- 
embourg (p.  54.)  as  "gens  de  letres  entretenant 
correspondance  avec  eux,  et  recevant  par  ce  moyen 
toutes  les  pieces  curieuses  qui  paroissoient  tant 
contre  la  France  que  contre  les  AUiez."  The 
latest  of  these  productions  is  described  (p.  55.)  as 
"une  piece  fort  jolie  en  vers  irreguliers  sur  la 
prise  de  Cazal  et  de  Namur,"  and  confers  a  well- 
merited  compliment  on  the  valour  of  William  ; 

"  Cazal  ce  chateau  Formidable, 

Namur  cette  place  imprenable ; 

Du  moins  au  dire  de  Vauban, 
Dans  un  mois  ont  change  de  maistre, 

Trop  heureuses  de  ne  plus  estre 
Sous  le  main  de  celui  qui  soutient  le  Turban. 
Guillaume  ce  Heros  hardi,  grand,  intrepide, 
Mille  fois  plus  vaillant  qu'Alcide, 
Guillaume  qui  ne  craint  ni  le  fer,  ni  le  feu, 
Et  pour  qui  tous  les  coups  de  Canon  sont  un  jeu ; 
Guillaiune  soutenu  d'une  vertu  solide 


366 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


t;2nd  s.  No  45.,  Nov.  8.  '56. 


Qui  ltd  fait  en  tous  lieux  affronter  les  hazars, 

Et  cueillir  dans  le  champ  de  Mar*, 

Des  moissons  de  Lauriers  comme  ont  fiiit  les  Cezars : 

Guillaume  qui  toujoura  foudroyant,  invincible, 

Fait  trembler  Louis  dans  Meudon  ; 

Entre  les  bras  de  Cupidon, 
Vient  de  nous  faire  voir  que  rien  n'est  impossible 
A  sa  valeur  extreme,  et  qu'au  bruit  de  son  nom, 
Tout  palit,  tout  s'enfuit,  si  fort  il  est  terrible ; 

Villeroj',  Guiscard  et  Bonflers, 

Sont  garands  de  ce  que  j'avance 
Battus,  vaincus,  chasses,  et  de  honte  converts 
Le  meme  jour  qui  vid  de  Louis  la  naissance, 

lis  marquent  h  toute  la  France 

L'Epoque  de  sa  decadence, 

Et  vont  apprendre  a  I'Univers, 

Apres  un  si  fameux  revers, 
Que  Guillaume  le  Grand  a  fait  tourner  la  chance, 

Malgre  les  efforts  des  Enfers, 
Et  remplit  aujourd'hui  I'Europe  d'esperance 
De  voir  bien  tost  briser  ses  fers." 

The  advantages  which  had  been  gained  by  the 
Allies  are  represented  by  Chanvallon  (p.  57.)  as 
very  mortifying  to  the  French  people  (which  we 
may  well  believe),  and  particularly  to  their  poets, 
who  had  made  themselves  on  various  occasions  of 
success  exceedingly  merry  in  Odes  and  Jubilates : 

"Je  ne  say  que  peut  dire  aujourd'huy  Boileau  avec 
son  Ode  Pindarique." 

To  which  Luxembourg  replies  (p.  58.)  : 

"  Je  ne  seal  ce  qu'il  dit,  mais  je  say  bien  que  les  Alliez, 
ou  leurs  Poetes  ont  fait  terriblement  leurs  choux  gras. 
lis  ne  se  sont  pas  contentez  de  faire  voir  dans  ce  petite 
Poerae  beaucoup  de  bevues  qui  ont  fait  rire  M.  Perrault. 
lis  se  sont  servis  en  faveur  du  Prince  d'Orange  des  memes 
expressions  qu'il  avoit  employees  pour  faire  I'eloge  de 
Louis  le  Grand,"  &c. 

"  Deux  ou  trois  Parodies  qui  sont  jolies "  of 
this  famous  Ode  by  Boileau  (noticed  in  the  ex- 
tract from  Mr.  Macaulay)  are  stated  as  being  on 
hand,  but  only  the  following  could  be  forthcoming, 
the  length  of  which  (210  lines)  precludes  its  ad- 
mission farther  than  a  few  verses  selected  here  and 
there  to  afford  some  idea  of  its  style  : 

"  Par  quelle  nouvelle  j'vresse 
Suis-je  a  present  hors  de  moi  ? 
Chastes  Nymphes  au  Permease 
Est  ce  done  vous,  que  je  voi  ? 
Oui  c'est  vous,  Troupe  savante. 
Sans  doute.     Des  que  je  chante, 
Les  arbres  sont  rejouis-, 
N'cn  troublez  point  la  cadence, 
Vous  Yens,  et  faites  silence 
A  des  exploits  inouis. 


"  Dix  milles  Francs  intrepides 
Les  bordent  de  toutes  parts, 
Et  d'eux  memes  homicides 
Vont  perir  sous  ces  remparts. 
Lsl  dans  son  sein  infidele 
La  terre  meme  recele 
Un  feu  pret  a  s'elancer, 
Qui  soudain  percant  son  goufre 
Ouvre  un  sepulcre  de  soufre 
A  quiconque  ose  avancer. 


"  Contemplez  dans  la  tempete. 
Qui  sort  de  ces  boulevars, 
Cette  glorieuse  tete  ? 
Tournez  ici  vous  regars  ? 
Get  Electeuu  redoubtable 
Toujours  un  sort  favorable 
Eprouve  dans  les  combats, 
Et  toujours  avec  la  Gloire, 
Mars  amenant  la  Victoire, 
Vole  et  le  suit  a  grands  pas. 

"  En  vain  Namur  a  Lui  s'oppose 
Tout  borde  de  flamme  et  de  fer ; 
Car  c'est  pour  lui  la  meme  chose 
De  combattre  et  de  trompher. 
Ce  grand  Roy  n'aime  que  la  Gloire 
Acquise  par  une  Victoire, 
Qu'on  Luy  dispute  avec  ehaleur 
Plus  il  trouve  de  resistance. 
Plus  de  plaisir  a  sa  prudence 
De  faire  briller  sa  valeur." 

After  a  spirited  discussion  between  the  speakers 
as  to  whether  Louis  will  ever  again  be  able  to 
recover  his  lost  ground,  it  seemed  clear  to  Lux- 
embourg that  the  difficulty  would  be  great  from 
the  man  of  talent  whom  the  allies  had  at  their 
head,  and  to  enlighten  Chanvallon  a  little  farther 
on  this  point :  "  A  propos  de  ce  Prince  voicy  un 
Rondeau  (p.  72.)  qui  a  ete  fait  a  son  honneur,  et 
qu'a  coup  seur  vous  ne  trouverez  pas  de  votre 
gout : "  the  pill  must,  however,  be  swallowed  by 
the  Archbishop : 

"  II  a  bien  fait  du  fracas  et  du  bruit, 
Ce  vaillant  chef,  depuis  quatre  vingt  hnit ; 
Bien  gouverner  est  son  grand  savoir  faire, 
Ce  qu'a  toujours  ignore  son  beau-pere 
Qui  perdoit  tout,  par  la  France  seduit. 

"  Ce  dernier  craint  les  combats,  et  les  fuit, 
Temoin  la  Boyne  ou  se  trouvant  reduit 
A  se  sauver,  on  dit,  dans  cette  affaire, 
11  a  bien  fait. 

Louis  son  frere  h  qui  la  Ligue  nuit, 
Ne  vaut  pas  mieux,  c'est  un  arbre  sans  Fruit, 
Quoy  qu'il  employe  sort,  et  caractere ; 
Mais  pour  Guillaume  on  ne  doit  pas  s'en  taire 
Depuis  qu'il  regne,  il  a  tout  bien  conduit, 
II  a  bien  fait." 

In  the  same  eulogistic  strains  William  continues 
to  be  extolled  to  p.  76.,  where  a  short  inquiry 
commences  as  to  the  reason  of  King  James  having 
made  his  escape  at  the  Battle  of  the  Boyne  : 

"  II  est  vray  (sa3'S  the  Archbishop)  que  le  Roi  Jaques 
s'est  sauv^  au  passage  de  la  Boyne,  mais  vous  ne  savez 
peut  etre  qu'il  avoit  une  grande  maladie,  dont  il  n'est  pas 
encore  gueri,  et  il  me  semble  que  cette  excuse  est  assez 
valable  pour  le  disculper  envers  tout  le  monde. 

"  '  LuxEMBOuuG.  Vous  me  surprenez.  Monsieur  I'Ar- 
cheveque.     Et  quelle  Maladie  avoit  done  le  Roi  Jaques? ' 

" '  Chanvallon.  Une  terrible  Maladie  qu'il  est  bien 
dificile  de  guerir,  et  que  plus  beaucoup  de  gens  ont,  mille- 
fois  plus  cruelle  que  la  goutte,  ni  que  quelqu'autre  ma- 
ladie que  vous  puissiez  vous  imaginer ;  une  Maladie  qui 
fait  perdre  le  jugement  aux  gens  meme  le  plus  sages,  qui 
change  et  grossit  les  objects ;  enfin,  il  avoit  la  peur  au 


2nd  s.  No  45.,  Nov.  8.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


367 


ventre*  qui  ne  luy  donnoit  aucun  repos,  et  qui  le  tour- 
mentoit  continuellement.* " 

A  panic  similar  to  that  which  possessed  King 
James  is  humorously  described  as  having  been 
experienced  in  other  instances  by  Louis  himself, 
and  by  some  of  his  most  renowned  generals,  but 
incapable  of  being  shared  by  the  heroic  William  : 

"Jepourrois  (saysLuxembouj|tp.  87.)  vous  prouver 
facilement  cette  verity,  dont  {^^Bj^ne,  liormis  vous  ne 
doute ;  je  me  contenteray  pour  i^oup  de  vous  lire  ces 
Vers  qui  viennent  d'etre  faita  h,  Paris  h  son  honneur,  et 
puis  en  apres  vous  parlerez  tant  qu'il  vous  plaira: 

"  Le  Monde  a  veu  que  le  Batave 
A  celebre  les  Faits  nouveaux 
De  ce  Roi  Glorieux  et  Hrave 
Par  de  pompeux  Arcs-Triomphaux. 
Aussi  jamais  Roi  magnanime 
N'eut  un  honneur  si  legitime, 
Et  ne  brava  tant  de  dangers. 
Ses  vertus  surpassent  sa  Gloire, 
Et  son  nom  vivra  dans  I'Histoire 
Aussi  long-temps  que  I'Univers." 

The  speakers  now  agree  to  wait  till  the  end  of 
the  war  to  judge  further  of  the  virtues  and  valour 
of  the  Prince,  and  having  debated  on  some  other 
political  topics,  part  like  pleasant  friends  with  a 
song  (p.  110.), 

"  qui  a  ete  faite  sur  la  prise  de  Namur,  que  vous 
(Chanvallon)  apprendrez  par  cceur  si  vous  voulez,  et  que 
vous  me  rendrez  dans  deux  ou  trois  jours. 

"  A  Monsieur  L'Abbe  Talemen,  sur  sa  Chanson,  '  Ah  quHl 
y  va  ma  Bergere,'  8fc, 

"  1.  Monsieur  I'Abbe  Talemen, 
Ah  qu'il  y  va  gayement, 
Donnes  vite  et  promptement. 
Tout  le  long  de  la  Riviere, 
Ah  qu'il  y  va  ma  Bergere, 
Ah  qu'il  y  va  gaj'ement. 

2.  A  Guillaume  un  Merle  blanc.f 

3.  Car  il  a  pris  galamment. 

4.  Namur  sans  grand  compliment. 

5.  Malgre  ses  Retrenchements. 

6.  On  n'en  vit  jamais  de  si  grands. 

7.  La  Grece  en  eut  eu  pour  trente  ans. 

8.  Et  Bonflers  inutilement. 

9.  En  eut  le  commandement. 

10.  Mais  Villeroi  cependant. 

11.  Se  promene  en  attendant. 

12.  Pour  en  voir  I'evenement. 

13.  Et  regarde  froidement. 

*  "  King  James  came  to  Dublin  (after  the  Battle  of  the 
Boyne)  under  a  very  indecent  consternation.  He  said  all 
■was  lost.  He  had  an  army  in  England  that  could  have 
fought  but  would  not,  and  now  he  had  an  army  that 
would  have  fought  but  could  not.  This  was  not  very 
gratefully  nor  decently  spoken  by  him  who  was  amongst 
the  tirst  that  fled."  —  Burnet,  p.  51. 

"  Some  of  the  Irish  have  said  to  me  (author  of  the 
Philosophical  Survey  of  the  South  of  Ireland,  Dublin, 
1778),  we  expect  little  good  from  any  of  the  race  of 
Sheemas-a-caccagh." 

t  Only  the  leading  line  of  each  verse  is  introduced, 
the  other  lines  of  the  verse  being  a  repetition,  as  in  verse  1. 


14.  Namur,  se  rendre  a  I'instant. 

15.  Tl  craignoit  assurement. 

16.  Que  Nassau  subitement. 

17.  Ne  vint  a  lui  Tambour  battant. 

18.  S'il  ne  fait  pas  autrement. 

19.  L'an  prochain  assurement. 

20.  II  verra  prendre  Dinant. 

21.  Charleroy,  Mens  pareillement. 

22.  Ipre  et  Courtray  en  le  suivant. 

23.  Tournay  L'ille  en  s'en  allant. 

24.  Arras,  Amiens  en  s'avancant. 

25.  Et  promenant  nos  camps  volants. 

26.  Nous  irons  finalement. 

27.  Visiter  Louis  le  Grand. 

28.  Et  cela  tout  en  chantant." 

"  Avertissement. 

"  Une  mort  impreveue  ayant  enlev^  de  ce  monde 
Notre  tres  cher  et  bien  aim^  Oncle  Pierre  Marteau  de 
glorieuse  memoire;  et  luy  ayant  fait  laisser  plusieurs 
Ouvrages  imparfaits,  nous  avons  juge  a  propos  de  ne 
priver  pas  le  Public  de  celuyci  qui  etoit  fort  avanc^,  lors 
de  son  deceds,  esperant  qu'il  le  recevra  avec  plaisir  et 
qu'il  luy  faira  passer  quelque  quart  d'heure  de  mauvais 
temps.  Et  nous  donnons  en  meme  temps  avis  aux  Li- 
braires  que  notre  Oncle  nous  ayant  laisse  plusieurs  Ma- 
nuscrits  rares  et  curieux,  nous  les  leurs  mettrons  entre  les 
mains  a  condition  qu'ils  nous  reimboutseront  des  frais  que 
le  pauvre  defunt  avoit  faits,  tant  pour  les  dits  Manuscrits, 
qu'en  ports  des  letres  et  pour  payer  ses  correspondance," 
&c. 

At  that  time,  when  newspapers  in  England  were 
comparatively  scarce,  like  other  means  of  obtain- 
ing information,  the  fugitive  tracts  of  Peter  and 
his  Heirs  must  have  done  good  service  in  pro- 
moting the  cause  of  the  British  Revolution,  and 
in  spreading  the  fame  and  authority  of  William. 
How  many  others  they  published  on  the  same 
question  is  unknown  ;  but,  so  far  as  seen,  all  their 
works,  for  curiosity  and  interest,  are  well  worth  the 
attention  of  the  bibliographer.  G:  N. 


VERSES    ON   THE   DEATH   OP   MRS.   MARION 
SYDSERFF. 
"  VERSES  BY  ALEXANDER   SINCLAIR   OF  ROSLYN, 

Upon  the  Death  of  Mrs.  Marion  Sydserff,  another  Bishop's 
Daughter. 

"  Most  virtuous,  modest,  and  discreet  maid, 
All  this  most  true,  and  more  needs  not  be  said ; 
Could  death  be  oppos'd,  most  part  of  the  young  men, 
Would  light  and  rage  than  that  a  maid  should  be 

slaine. 
But  fighting  will  not  doe,  then  yield  she  must 
To  death's  sad  stroak,  as  to  a  law  most  just ; 
Weep  not  for  her,  she  doth  not  weep  for  you  — 
Rejoyce  with  her,  for  she  rejoyceth  now. 
The  maid's  not  dead  but  sleepeth ;  —  she'll  be  found 
Alive  that  day  when  angels  come  to  sound." 

These  wretched  lines  appear  to  have  been  the 
production  of  "  Mr.  Archibald  St.  Clare  or  Sin- 
clair," the  author  of  several  "  Poems ! "  of  a  si- 
milar nature,  in  a  volume  of  MSS.  in  the  Faculty 


368 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°i  S.  No  45.,  Nov.  8.  '56. 


Library,  from  which  the  above  elep;y  Is  taken. 
Amongst  these  are  "  Verses  upon  Chloris,"  "  To 
I\Irs.  Madlean  or  Maitland,"  a  funeral  elegy  "  on 
the  same  deserving  gentlewoman,  May  10,  1652," 
"  Silva  Vivens,  done  by  the  same  Hand,"  "  Upon 
the  death  of  Barrack's  Lady,  who  dyed  about 
midle  age."  This  last  person  was  the  wife  of 
Sinclair  of  Barrack,  probably  George,  who  mar- 
ried, 1st.,  Anne,  daughter  of  John  Dunbar  of  Hem- 
prigs  ;  2nd,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  David  Murray 
of  Clarden ;  and  3rd,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  the 
Eev.  William  Cumaing,  minister  of  Halkirk. 
Which  of  these  three  was  the  lady  lamented  by 
her  kinsman  is  uncertain. 

Alexander  St.  Clare  was,  we  have  no  doubt, 
St.  Clare  of  Roslyn,  who  married  Jean,  daughter 
of  Robert,  seventh  Lord  Seraple. 

Marion  SydserfF  was  a  sister  of  the  author  of 
Tarngd's  Wiles,  a  comedy.  Thomas,  or,  as  he  is 
usually  styled,  Sir  Thomas,  was  a  loyal  subject  of 
the  house  of  Stuart,  and  for  some  time  manager 
of  the  theatre  in  the  Cannongate.  He  was  the 
author,  or  rather  editor,  of  the  Caledonius  Mer- 
curius,  of  which  there  is  a  complete  set  In  the 
library  of  the  Faculty  of  Advocates.  The  comedy, 
which  Is  exceedingly  rare,  and  usually  brings  from 
one  to  two  guineas  —  when  it  occurs  for  sale  — 
possesses  considerable  merit.  J.  M. 


8HAKSPEARIANA. 

"  When  we  have  shuffled  off  this  mortal  coil" 
(2"''  S.  I.  151.  221.;  ii.  207.  284.)  — "Not  to 
crack  the  wind  of  the  poor  phrase,"  I  must  be 
allowed  to  answer  X.'s  ignorutio  elenchi  at  the 
last  reference.  He  says  of  me,  "Nor  does  he 
produce  any  passage  from  any  author  to  counten- 
ance his  interpretation  of  body "  (meaning  "  of 
coil ").  First,  body  for  "  coil,"  is  not  my  inter- 
pretation, but  is  a  popular  misinterpretation.  It 
was  to  expose  It  that  I  originally  ventilated  the 
subject  in  "  N.  &  Q."  Secondly,  I  did  produce 
three  passages  from  printed  books,  each  being  an 
example  of  the  use  of  "coil"  for  body  ^  and  I  did 
so,  not  Indeed  to  countenance  that  use,  but  to 
show  that  It  was  in  vogue.  Now  how  did  the 
blunder  originate  ?  I  have  lately  received  a  letter 
from  a  gentleman  who  is  a  stranger  to  me,  written 
partly  with  the  object  of  strengthening  my  posi- 
tion, that  most  people  do  understand  body  by  the 
word  "  coil "  when  they  read  Hamlet,  and  of  ex- 
plaining how  the  error  arises.  He  cites  Serjeant 
Shee's  defence  of  Palmer,  which  affords  another 
example  :  and  he  considers  that  the  public  mind 
confounds  Col.  Hi.  9.  with  the  passage  in  question, 
and  the  natural  history  of  Snakes  (the  coiled 
tribe),  in  casting  or  "  putting  oif  their  sloughs." 
He  calls  to  mind  that  St.  Paul  uses  a-inK^vonai, 
which  is  the  word  employed  by  Greek  naturalists 


for  expressing  the  annual  casting  of  Its  skin  by  a 
snake.  He  also  refers  to  2  Cor.  v.  1 — 5.,  as  pos- 
sibly assisting  the  confusion.  Perhaps  thus  sup- 
position may  be  received  as  an  account  of  the 
origin  of  the  blunder.  X.'s  remark  on  the  anti- 
thesis between  "coil"  and  "quietus"  is  excellent, 
and  shows  that  he  knows  how  to  employ  a  power- 
ful instrument  to  unpick  Shakspearian  bolts. 
Another  time  he  -nMld  do  well  to  read  the  Notes 
he  professes  to  cenWR.  C,  Mansfield  Ingleby* 
Birmingham. 

''Mortal  Coil"  (2"'^  S.  II.  206.)  —  If  Mr. 
Ingleby  had  admitted,  among  his  "Intelligent 
friends,"  those  far-famed  masters  of  the  English 
tongue  William  Warburton  and  Samuel  Johnson, 
and  asked  them  what  they  understood  by  "  mortal 
coil,"  he  most  assuredly  would  not  have  received 
the  reply,  —  "Why!  the  body  of  the  person  who 
makes  his  quietus."  And  had  he  pursued  his  In- 
quiry, and  asked  his  own  friends,  "  Quietus,  from 
what?  From  the  body:  the  body  make  his 
quietus  from  the  body  ? "  this  unavoidable  con- 
sequitur  would  surely  (we  borrow  an  expression 
of  Cowper)  have  ramfeezled  the  whole  party, 
Mr.  Ingleby  and  his  friends;  and  they  would 
have  seen  at  once,  with  Warburton  and  all  suc- 
ceeding editors,  that  this  "  mortal  coil"  must  mean 
the  coil  —  the  unquiet  state  or  condition  —  of  this 
mortal  life  —  "those  troublous  storms  that  toss 
the  private  state,  and  make  the  life  unsweet." 

A  poet  laureat  celebrating,  in  the  year  1761, 
the  birth- day  of  "  our  (afterwards)  good  old  king," 
furnishes  us  with  the  following  lines,  pat  to  the 
purpose : 

"  By  Temprance  nurs'd,  and  early  taught 
To  tame  each  hydra  of  the  soul, 
Each  lurking  pest ;  which  mocks  its  birth, 
And  ties  its  spirit  down  to  earth, 
Immers'd  in  mortal  coiV 

Whitehead,  Ode  G.* 

I  say,  pat  to  the  purpose,  for  it  shows,  as  I  con- 
tend, that  "mortal  coil"  refers  to  the  condition  of 
mortality  ;  and  may  refer,  not  only  to  its  unquiet, 
its  troublous  condition,  but,  as  In  the  poet  laureat, 
perhaps  to  Its  corrupt  or  sinful  condition.  Q. 

Bloomsbury. 

I  think  that  there  can  be  little  doubt  that  these 
words  In  Hamlet  do  bear  reference  to  the  body. 
It  Is  not  Improbable  that  they  were  suggested  to 
Shakspeare  by  the  words  In  Romans  vii.  24.  :  "  O 
wretched  man  that  I  am  !  Who  shall  deliver  me 
from  the  body  of  this  death  ?  "  Hermann  Hugo, 
in  his  Pia  Desideria,  has  adopted  the  same  idea ; 
and  in  one  of  his  emblems  represents  a  man  en- 
caged within  a  huge  death  or  skeleton,  —  a  notion 
stolen  from  him,  like  most  of  his  other  notions,  by 
Francis  Quarles,  in  his  Emblems. 

Henry  T.  Riley. 

♦  Quoted  by  Richardson,  except  the  first  line. 


2nd  s.  N<»  45.,  Nov.  8.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


369 


"  Sheaf ^'  or  «  Chief  {1''^  S.  li.  206.)  —  Was 
Mb.  Ingleby  aware  of  the  following  passage, 
quoted  in  tUe  notes  to  the  Variorum  editions  of 
fcjhakspeare : 

"  It  hath  been  noted,  in  the  warmer  climates,  the  peo- 
ple are  more  wise ;  but  in  the  northern  climates,  the  wits 
of  chief  (ingenia,  qujB  eminent,)  are  greater."  —  Bacon, 
^able  of  the  Colours  of  Good  and  Evil. 

Chief,  it  is  plain,  has  the  same  heraldic  preten- 
sions as  sheaf.  It  was  so  called  from  the  place  it 
occupied  in  the  shield.  But  "  Non  nostrum  tan- 
tam  componere  litem." 

I  do  not  share  in  the  prevaHing  ambition  to 
improve  Shakspeare.  Q. 

Bloomsbury. 

Shakspeare  and  Sir  John  Falstaff.  — 

"  A  j'oung  gentle  lady  of  your  acquaintance,  having 
read  y"  works  of  Shakespeare,  made  me  this  question :  — 
How  Sir  John  Falstaife,  or  Fastalf,  as  he  is  written  in  y^ 
statute  book  of  Maudlin  Colledge  in  Oxford,  where  everye 
day  that  society  were  bound  to  make  meraorie  of  his  soul, 
could  be  dead  in  y"  time  of  Harrie  y''  tift,  and  again  live 
in  y  time  of  Harrie  y"  sixt,  to  be  banished  for  cowardice  ? 
Whereto  I  made  answear,  that  it  was  one  of  those  hu- 
mours and  mistakes  for  which  Plato  banisht  all  poets  out 
of  his  commonwealth.  That  Sir  John  Falstaflfe  was  in 
those  times  a  noble,  valiant  souldier,  as  apeeres  by  a 
book  in  y"  Heralds'  Office  dedicated  unto  him  by  a  Herald 
who  had  binne  with  him,  if  I  well  remember,  for  the 
space  of  25  yeeres  in  y"  French  wars ;  that  he  seems  also 
to  have  binne  a  man  of  learning,  because,  in  a  Library  of 
Oxford,  I  find  a  book  of  dedicating  Churches  sent  from 
him  for  a  present  unto  Bishop  Wainflete,  and  inscribed 
with  his  own  liand.  That  in  Shakespeare's  first  shew  of 
Harrie  the  fift,  the  person  with  which  he  undertook  to  playe 
a  buffone  was  not  Falstaffe,  but  S""  Jhon  Oldcastle ;  and 
that  offence  being  worthily  taken  by  personages  de- 
scended from  his  title  (as  peradventure  by  many  others 
allsoe),  whoe  putt  to  make  an  ignorant  shifte  of  abusing 
S""  Jhon  Fastolphe,  a  man  not  inferior  of  vertue,  though 
not  so  famous  in  pietie  as  the  other  who  gave  witnesse 
unto  the  truth  of  our  reformation  with  a  constant  and 
resolute  martyrdom,  unto  which  he  was  pursued  by  the 
Priests,  Bishops,  Moncks,  and  Friers  of  those  daj'cs,"  — 
(From  a  MS.  by  Rich.  James,  B.D.,  Fellow  of  Christ 
Church,  Oxford,  born  1692.) 

The  above  I  found  written  on  the  fly-leaf  of  a 
printed  book,  Cl.  Hopper. 

Was  Lord  Bacon  the  Author  of  the  Plays  at- 
tributed to  Shakspeare  (2"'>  S.  ii.  267.)  —  As  your 
correspondent  has  furnished  a  somewhat  striking 
coincidence  between  an  expression  of  Shakspeare 
and  a  passage  of  a  letter  written  by  Lord  Bacon, 
it  may  be  worth  while  to  preserve  in  "  N.  &  Q." 
a  summary  of  Mr.  W.  H.  Smith's  argument  on 
the  point  in  question.  He  contends,  1.  That  the 
character  of  Shakspeare,  as  sketched  by  Pope,  is 
the  exact  biography  of  Bacon.  2.  That  Bacon 
possessed  dramatic  talent  to  a  high  degree,  and 
could,  according  to  his  biographers,  "  assume 
the  most  different  characters,  and  speak  the  lan- 


guage proper  to  each  with  a  facility  that  was  per- 
fectly natural."  3.  That  he  wrote  and  assisted 
at  bal  masques,  and  was  the  intimate  friend  of 
Lord  Southampton,  the  acknowledged  patron  of 
Shakspeare.  4.  That  the  first  folio  of  1623  was 
not  published  till  Bacon  had  been  driven  to  pri- 
vate life,  and  had  leisure  to  revise  his  literary 
works ;  and  that  as  he  was  obliged  to  raise  money 
by  almost  any  means,  it  is  at  least  probable  that 
he  did  so  by  writing  plays.  5.  That  Shakspeare 
was  a  man  of  business  rather  than  poetry,  and 
acknowledged  his  poems  and  sonnets,  but  never 
laid  claim  to  the  plays.  Vox. 


James  I.'s  Letter  to  Shakspeare.  —  In  the  intro- 
ductory remarks  prefixed  to  Lintot's  reprints  of 
Shakspeare  s  Poems,  it  is  stated,  on  the  authority 
of  a  person  then  living,  tliat  Sir  William  Dave- 
nant  had  possessed  an  original  letter  written  by 
James  to  Shakspeare.  Tlie  letter,  however,  was 
not  then  known  to  be  in  existence.  Is  anything 
now  known  of  such  letter  ?  or  of  any  other  re- 
ference or  allusion  to  it  ?  J.  L.  S. 


Coleridge.  —  A  gentleman  well  known  in  the 
musical  world,  Mr.  George  Rudall,  has  recently 
told  me  the  following  anecdote.  Many  years  ago, 
at  a  musical  party  at  the  house  of  Mr.  Skey, 
Highgate,  Mr.  Eudall  met  Mr.  Coleridge.  Mr. 
Rudall  having  performed  upon  the  flute,  he  was 
addressed  by  Mr.  Coleridge ;  who  told  him  that  "  he 
felt  there  was  a  poetry  in  his  playing,  and  that  he 
was  convinced  that  he  could  set  to  music  a  stanza 
which  he  (Mr.  Coleridge)  would  give  him."  Ac- 
cordingly, he  immediately  wrote  the  ensuing,  and 
presented  it  to  Mr.  Rudall ;  saying,  that  the  next 
time  he  should  have  the  pleasure  of  meeting  him, 
he  would  give  him  a  second  stanza  :  — 
"  A  sunny  shaft  did  I  behold. 

From  sky  to  earth  it  slanted ; 

And  poiz'd  therein,  a  bird  so  bold, 

Sweet  bird,  thou  wert  enchanted : 

He  sank,  he  rose,  he  twinkled,  he  twirl'd, 

Within  that  shaft  of  sunny  mist; 

And  thus  he  sang,  Adieu,  adieu ; 

Love's  dreams  prove  seldom  true: 

Sweet  month  of  May,  I  must  away ; 

Away!  awayl  to-day!  to-day." 

This  stanza,  as  far  as  Mr.  Rudall  knows,  never 
has  found  its  way  into  print ;  and  I  have  there- 
fore requested  him  to  let  me  offer  it  to  "  N.  &  Q." 
A  second  meeting  never  took  place,  and  Mr. 
Rudall  has  also  to  regret  having  lent  and  lost  the 
poet's  autograph.  Alfred  RorrE. 

Somers'  Town. 

Talleyrand  and  Shakspeare.  —  Talleyrand  is  re- 
ported to  have  said  of  the  Emperor  Napoleon's 


370 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»dS.  N045.,  Nov.  8.'66. 


Spanish  war,  that  "  It  was  the  beginning  of  the 
end."  But  it  was  not  an  original  mot.  In  Mid- 
snmmer's  Night  Dream,  Prologue  says  : 

"  .        .        .        To  shew  our  simple  skill, 
That  is  the  true  beginning  of  our  end." 

Act  V.  Sc.  1. 

Did  or  could  Talleyrand  read  Shakspeare  ? 

J.  W.  Farbeu. 


"  Canard"  origin  of  the  Word.  — 

"  The  origin  of  the  word  Canard,  when  emploj'ed  to 
signify  some  unfounded  storj%  is  not  generally  known. 
The  following  are  the  terms  in  which  M.  Quetelet  relates, 
in  the  Annuaire  de  V Academie  (article  on  Norbert  Corne- 
lissen),  the  manner  in  which  the  word  became  used  in  its 
new  sense. 

"  To  give  a  sly  hit  at  the  i-idiculous  pieces  of  intelli- 
gence which  the  journals  were  in  the  habit  of  publishing 
ever}'  morning,  Cornelissen  stated  that  an  interesting  ex- 
periment had  just  been  made,  calculated  to  prove  the 
extraordinary  voracity  of  ducks.  Twenty  of  these  ani- 
mals had  been  placed  together ;  and  one  of  them  having 
been  killed,  and  cut  up  in  the  smallest  possible  pieces, 
feathers,  and  all,  and  thrown  to  the  other  nineteen,  was 
most  gluttonouslj'  gobbled  up,  in  an  exceedingly  brief 
space  of  time.  Another  was  then  taken  from  the  nine- 
teen ;  and  being  chopped  small,  like  its  predecessor,  was 
served  up  to  the  eighteen,  and  at  once  devoured  like  the 
other ;  and  so  on  to  the  last,  who  was  thus  placed  in  the 
position  of  having  eaten  his  nineteen  companions  in  a 
wonderfully  short  time.  All  this,  most  pleasantly  re- 
lated, obtained  a  success  which  the  writer  was  far  from 
anticipating,  for  the  story  ran  the  round  of  all  the  journals 
of  lilurope.  It  then  became  forgotten  for  about  a  score  of 
years,  when  it  came  back  from  America,  with  amplifica- 
tions which  it  did  not  boast  of  at  the  commencement, 
and  with  a  regular  certificate  of  the  autopsy  of  the  body 
of  the  surviving  animal,  whose  oesophagus  was  declared 
to  have  been  seriously  injured.  Ever}'  one  laughed  at 
the  history  of  the  '  Canard,'  thus  brought  up  again,  but 
the  word  remained  in  its  novel  signification." — Galignam. 

w.  w. 

Malta. 


Winds.  — 

"  Table  showing  the  frequency  of 'the  various  winds  in 
different  countries.  The  numbers  in  each  column  denote 
the  number  of  days  of  each  wind  in  every  1000  days :  — 


N. 

N.E. 

E. 

S.E. 

s. 

s.w. 

N. 

N.W 

England 

82 

Ill 

99 

81 

Ill 

225 

171 

120 

France  - 

126 

140 

84 

76 

117 

192 

155 

110 

Germany 

84 

98 

119 

87 

97 

185 

198 

131 

Denmark 

G5 

98 

100 

129 

92 

198 

161 

156 

Sweden 

102 

104 

80 

110 

128 

210 

159 

106 

Russia  - 

99 

191 

81 

130 

98 

143 

166 

192 

N,  America  - 

96 

116 

49 

108 

123 

197 

101 

210 

Titan,  0 

:t.  1856. 

B 

..  w 

.Ha 

CKW 

GOD 

Difference  between  Horse  Chesnut  and  a  Chesnut 
Ho7-se.  —  In  one  of  Queen  Anne's  parliaments 
there  were  two  members  named  Montague  Mat- 
thew and  Matthew  Montague.  Some  one  having 
attributed  opinions  to  the  first  gentleman  which 


ought  to  have  been  ascribed  to  the  second,  the 
latter,  in  repudiating  the  charge,  stated,  that  not- 
withstanding the  similarity  of  names  there  was  as 
much  difference  between  them  as  between  a  horse- 
chesnut  and  a  chesnut  horse. 

Clericus  Rusticus. 

The  Blue  Frock  Coat,  Sfc.  —  The  following 
passage  from  the  last  page  of  The  Sorrows  of 
Wertcr  reminds  us  of  a  late  attempt  to  violate 
the  regulations  of  the  Queen's  drawing-rooms  : 

"  He  was  dressed  in  a  blue  frock  coat  and  buff  waist- 
coat, and  had  boots  on.  Everybody  in  the  house,  and 
irom  all  parts  of  the  town,  flocked  to  see  him." 

M.E. 

Luigi  Canina,  the  architect  and  great  archaeo- 
logical writer,  is  dead ;  a  man  characterised  as 
gentle  and  warm-hearted.  It  may  be  as  well  to 
record  that  It  was  (my  friend)  Giuseppe  Mazzini 
who,  while  a  Triumvir  at  Rome,  greatly  fostered 
the  researches  of  the  above  deserving  and  talented 
man.  J.  Lotsky,  Panslave. 

31.  Burton  Crescent. 


CANTICLE    SUBSTITDTE1>   TOR   THE    "  TE    DEDM." 

In  the  curious  book  called  Hortidus  animce,  pub- 
lished by  Schoffers,  Mayence,  1516,  we  find  the 
following  parody,  as  it  were,  of  the  Te  Deum  : 

"  Canticum  predictum   coriversum  in   laudem   S.  Virginis, 
quod  potest  dici  in  loco  prioris  (i.e.  Te  Deum'). 

"  Te  Matrem  Dei  Laudamus,  te  Mariam  virginem  con- 

fitemur, 
Te  Eterni  Patris  sponsam,  omnis  terra  veneratur. 
Tibi  omnes  angeli  et  archangeli,  tibi  omnes  principatus 

humiliter  serviunt. 
Tibi  omnes  potestates  et  supernae  virtutes,  tibi  coelorum 

universse  dominationes,  obediunt. 
Tibi  omnes  throni,  tibi  cherubim  et  seraphim  exultanter 

assistunt. 
Tibi  omnes  angelicas  creaturse  delectabili  voce  concla- 

mant, 
Sancta  —  Sancta  —  Sancta  Maria  Dei  Mater  et  virgo. 
Pleni  sunt  coeli  et  terra  et  mare  majestatis  et  glorisa 

fructus  ventris  tui. 
Te  gloriosus  apostolorum  chorus,  Creatoris  matrem  col- 

laudat. 
Te    prophetarum  laudabilis   numerus  virginis   Deum 

parituram  praedixerat. 
Te  Martyrum  beatorum  candidus  exercitus  Christi  ge- 

netricem  glorificat. 
Te  gloriosus  confessorum  ccetus  totius  Trinitatis  matrem 

appellat. 
Te  sanctarum  virginum  amabilis  chorea  suffl  virginitatis 

et  humilitatis  exemplum  prsedicat. 
Te  tota  ccelestis  curia  coelorum  Reginam  honorat. 
Te  per  universum  orbem,  sancta  ecclesia  invocando  celo- 

brat, 
Matrem  divinse  majestatis, 
Venerandam  te  veram,  regis  ccelestis  puerperam, 
Sanctam  quoque,  dulcem  et  piam  proclamat. 
Tu  angelorum  domina. 
Tu  paradisi  janua. 


2Dd  s.  No  45.,  Nov.  8.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


371 


Tu  scala  regni  coelestis. 

Tu  Kegis  gloriae  thalamus. 

Tu  area  pietatis  et  gratiae. 

Tu  mater  misericordiiB. 

Tu  refugium  peccatoris. 

Tu  es  mater  Salvatoris. 

Tu  ad  liberandum  exulem  hominem  FUium  Dei  susce- 

pisti  in  uterum. 
Per  te  expugnato  hoste  antique,  sunt  aperta  fidelibus 

regna  ccelorum. 
Tu  cum  Filio  tuo  sedes  in  Gloria  Dei  Patris. 
Tu  ipsum  pro  nobis  exora,  quem  ad  judicandum  credi- 

mus  esse  venturum. 
Te  ergo  qusesumus  tuis  famulis  subveni,  precioso  san- 
guine Filii  tui  sunius  redempti. 
Eterna  fac  nos  virgo  Maria  cum  Sanctis  omnibus  glori* 

numerari. 
Salva  nos  populum  tuum  Domina,  ut  simus  participes 

hereditatis  tuas. 
Et  rege  nos  et  extolle  nos  usque  in  seternum. 
Per  singulos  dies,  0  pia,  te  salutamus, 
Et  laudare  te  cupimus  in  seternum  devota  mente  et 

voce. 
Dignare  dulcis  Maria  nunc  et  semper  sine  delicto  nos 

conservare. 
Miserere  nostri  domina  miserere  nostri. 
Fiat  misericordia  tua  domina  super  nos,  quemadmodum 

speravimus  in  te. 
In  te  dulcis  Maria  speramus,  ut  nos  defendas  in  aBter- 

num." 

When  was  this  composed,  by  whom,  and  who 
allowed  its  use  instead  of  the  I'e  Deum  f   J.  C.  J. 


ElepTiants  in  India.  —  I  would  be  glad  to  learn 
in  what  number  of  Chambers's  Edinburgh  Journal 
a  paragraph  appeared  on  the  use  of  the  elephant 
in  India,  in  which  the  number  of  elephants  em- 
ployed by  Gen.  Sir  Jasper  Nicolls,  at  that  time 
Commander-in-Chief  of  the  Indian  army,  was 
particularly  mentioned?  The  paragraph  oc- 
curred, I  think,  in  the  volume  for  1845.     Aikam. 

John  Moncrieff  of  Tippermalluch.  —  This  per- 
son appears  to  have  acquired  great  fame  in  Scot- 
land for  his  "  extraordinary  skill  and  knowledge 
in  the  art  of  physick,"  which  enabled  him,  says  The 
Publisher,  "  to  perform  many  stupendous  cures." 

His  book,  bearing  the  following  title,  now  lies 
before  me : 

"  Tippermallucli's  Receipts.  Being  a  Collection  of 
many  Useful  and  Easy  Remedies  for  most  Distempers, 
written  by  that  worthy  and  ingenious  Gentleman  J.  M. 
of  T.  The  Second  Edition,  small  octavo.  Printed  for 
W.  Coke,  Leith.    1775." 

Can  any  of  your  readers  supply  a  notice  of  this 
Scottish  empiric  ?    A  specimen  of  my  book,  which 
savours  of  the  old  school,  may  not  be  out  of  place  ; 
take  therefore  a  receipt : 
"  For  Mischievous  Acts,  and  putting  of  Devils  to  the  Flight. 

"  St.  John's  wort  hung  in  a  house  hinders  mischievous 
acts,  and  puts  to  flight  evil  spirits ;  for  the  which  cause 
it  is  called  fuga  dcemonum.    Whoever  carries  upon  him 


eringo  roots  shall  be  preserved  from  witchcraft.  The 
loadstone  keeped  upon  a  man,  removes  disorder  between 
man  and  wife.  A  pyot  (magpie)  roasted,  speedily  re- 
covers the  sick  to  health,  and  relieves  all  who  have  been 
enchanted  from  their  birth.  Mugwort,  hung  upon  thq 
door,  keeps  the  house  from  witchcraft." 

J.O. 

Claret  and  Coffee,  were  they  known  to  Bacon  ? — 

"  '  Many  examples,'  says  Lord  Bacon,  '  may  be  put  of 
the  force  of  custom,  both  upon  mind  and  body ; '  and 
though  there  is  no  truth  more  familiar,  the  enumeration 
of  examples  never  fails  to  strengthen  our  sense  of  its  im» 
portance.  Addison  dwells  upon  one  grand  feature,  that 
it  renders  things  pleasant  which  at  the  commencement 
were  painful.  He  quotes  an  observation  of  Bacon,  that 
the  palate  acquires  a  peculiar  relish  for  liquors,  such  as 
coffee  or  claret,  which  at  first  taste  are  disagreeable ;  and 
the  assertion  holds  of  a  thousand  particulars." — Quarterly 
Review,  Sept.  1856,  No.  cxvii.  p.  325. 

Was  claret  known  by  that  name  to  Bacon  ?  and 
did  he  ever  taste  or  hear  of  coS'ee  ?  H.  B.  C. 

U.  U.  C. 

Colouring  Natural  Flowers. — I  have  read  some- 
where, that  if  colouring  matter  be  introduced  into 
the  stems  of  plants,  the  flowers  on  that  stem  will 
have  that  colour.  I  have  tried  water-colour, 
without  any  eifect.  Can  any  of  your  correspon- 
dents give  me  any  information  on  this  subject  ? 

Flora. 

"  Cudaschcet."  —  I  should  be  glad  to  obtain  any 
information  respecting  a  12mo.  vol.,  which  has 
fallen  into  my  hands,  with  the  following  title-page : 

"  Cudaschffit  da  Cuffvert  et  consolatium  Incunter  Tuotta 
Crusch  et  AtBictiun.  Schi,  eir  incunter  La  Moart  suessa, 
&c.  &c.  &c.  In  X  Chiapittels  Tres  Jan.  C.  Linard  V.  D. 
M.  In  Fillisur.  Stampo  in  Tschlin.  Trass  Nuot.  C. 
Janet.  A  Cuost  del  Authur.    Anno  mdclxxxii." 

From  the  residence  of  the  author  at  Fillisur,  a 
village  on  the  Albula,  I  presume  it  to  be  in  the 
Romance  of  the  Grisons ;  but  no  authority  to 
which  I  have  access  enables  me  to  identify  it,  or 
to  discover  the  whereabouts  of  Tschlin.  Is  it 
Lyons  ?  C.  W.  Bingham. 

Razors  Sharpened  by  Acid.  —  It  has  been  stated 
that  the  best  way  to  sharpen  razors  is  to  dip  them 
in  a  weak  solution  of  some  acid.  Perhaps  some  of 
your  readers  would  give  the  name  of  the  acid,  the 
strength  of  the  solution,  and  the  time  required  to 
immerse  the  razor.  Rothbart. 

H.  Kirke  White's  Mother.  —  Can  any  correspon- 
dent give  me  any  information  respecting  the  family 
of  Kirke  White's  mother,  "  whose  maiden  name 
was  Neville,  and  who  belonged  to  a  respectable 
family  in  Staffordshire  "  ?  Tee  Bee. 

"  The  Law  and  Lawyers,"  S^c.  —  Who  was  the 
writer  of  a  book  entitled  The  Law  and  Lawyers 
laid  open,  in  Twelve  Visions  ?  To  which  is  added, 
Plain  Truth,  in  Three  Dialogues,  between  I'ruman, 


872 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  45.,  Nov.  8.  '56. 


jSkinall,  Dryboots,  Three  Attorneys,  and  Season,  a 
Bencher.     London,  1737?  Henry  T.  Rilet. 

Dr.  J.  C.  Whitehead.  —  Could  any  of  your 
readers  give  me  any  information  regarding  Dr.  J. 
C.  Whitehead,  author  (besides  some  poetical 
works)  of  Considerations  upon  the  present  State  of 
Medical  Practice  in  Great  Britain,  published  about 
thirty  years  ago  ?  R.  J. 

Magpie,  Corvus  Pica.  —  Can  you  inform  me 
the  origin  of  the  following  lines  which,  in  refer- 
ence to  magpies,  are  frequently  used  by  country 
people  in  Berkshire  and  Oxfordshire : 

"  One,  Sorrow :   Two,  Mirth  : 
Three,  a,  Wedding :  Four,  a  Birth." 

Quest. 

Tothill  Pedigree.  —  Francis  Drake,  of  Esher, 
married  Joan,  eldest  daughter  and  coheir  of  Wm. 
Tothill  of  Shardelves,  co.  Bucks,  c.  1600.  The 
pedigree,  or  any  information  about  the  Tothills, 
will  be  very  acceptable  to  A. 

Crab's  '■'■  English,  Irish,  and  Latin  Dictionary." 

"  In  1750,"  as  stated  by  Anderson,  in  his  veiy  in- 
teresting Sketches  of  the  Native  Irish,  p.  98.,  "  proposals 
Avere  issued  in  Dublin  for  pviblishing  an  English,  Irish, 
and  Latin  Dictionary,  by  a  Mr.  Crab  of  Ring's  End,  near 
that  city ;  but  the  book  was  never  printed.  Finding  its 
way  into  the  library  of  the  late  General  Vallancey,  it  was 
purchased,  when  his  books  were  sold,  at  the  price  of  forty 
guineas,  for  a  gentleman  of  Irish  birth,  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Adam  Clarke." 

Who  was  this  Mr.  Crab  ?  and  where  is  his 
MS.  ?  I  am  anxious  to  know  something  about 
them.  Abhba. 

Walter  Carey.  —  Mr.  Cunningham,  in  his  Notes 
to  Johnson\<s  Lives,  states  that  Pope's  Umbra  — 
the  eaves-dropping  hanger-on  at  Button's  —  was 
a  certain  Walter  Carey.  All  the  editors  of  Pope 
name  Ambrose  Philips,  and  from  Philips's  cha- 
racter and  Pope's  enmity  to  him  the  satire  seems 
applicable.  There  was  a  John  Carey  of  Oxford, 
a  contributor  to  The  Toiler  and  Spectator,  and 
Harry  Carey  of  immortal  lyric  and  dramatic  me- 
mory. Walter  Carey  was  a  public  man,  Clerk  of 
the  Privy  Council,  &c.  He  was  a  T.R.S.  in  1727, 
and  lived  thirty  years  afterwards,  dying  M.P.  for 
Clifton,  Dartmouth.  This  man  seems  unconnected 
with  the  Addison  junto,  though  John  Carey  was 
connected  with  it.  M.  (3.) 

Literary  Remains  of  Edmund  Burke :  the  Duke 
of  Grafton  s  Vindication  of  his  own  Administra- 
tion.—  The  two  following  literary  announcements 
appeared  some  five-and-thirty  years  ago.  I  send 
the  original  cuttings. 

Query,  Were  the  works  so  announced  ever 
published  ?   I  do  not  remember  having  naet  them, 


and  they  are  not,  so  far  as  I  can  see,  mentioned 
in  the  London  Catalogue  of  Books. 

It  would  be  as  monstrous  for  Lord  Stanhope 
and  Mr.  Cardwell  to  have  suppressed  the  late 
Sir  Robert  Peel's  vindication  of  his  policy  on  the 
Catholic  Question,  as  for  the  representative  of 
Augustus  Duke  of  Grafton,  Secretary  of  State 
and  First  Lord  of  the  Treasury,  to  omit  publishing, 
as  desired  by  his  testament,  the  ministerial  justi- 
fication referred  to.  George  Henry  Duke  of 
Grafton  died  in  1844 ;  the  noble  statesman,  his 
father,  in  1811. 

^  "  His  grace  the  Duke  of  Grafton,  we  understand,  is 
enjoined  by  the  will  of  the  late  Duke,  his  father,  to  pub- 
lish the  Memoir  which  he  had  prepared  in  justification  of 
his  own  ministry,  after  the  death  of  the  King.  This 
interesting  document  will  be  looked  for  with  extreme 
anxiety."  —  London  Morning  Paper. 

"Mr.  Burke.  —  A  London  paper"  states  that  the  long- 
expected  work  of  Mr.  Burke's  remains  will  really  come 
forward  in  the  spring.  It  will  contain  the  History  of 
England  to  the  reign  of  John,  of  which  we  have  read  a 
valuable  fragment ;  and  it  is  new  to  the  public  to  learn 
that,  as  in  the  case  of  the  Nabob  of  Arcot's  debts,  Jlr. 
Burke  has  himself  reported,  and,  as  usual,  admirably,  his 
own  opening  speech  against  Mr.  Hastings,  which  will  bo 
included  in  the  same  volume." 

William  John  Fitzpatrick. 
Kilmacud  House,  Stillorgan,  Dublin. 

Maws  of  Kites, — From  the  allusion  in  Macbeth 
one  would  infer  that  kites,  like  owls,  reject  from 
the  maw  what  they  do  not  digest.  Is  this  the 
fact  ?  C.  Mansfield  Ingleby. 

Birmingham. 


Sir  William  Estcourt.  —  He  was  the  son  of  Sir 
Giles  Estcourt,  who  was  created  a  baronet 
March  17,  1626-27.  Sir  William  was  the  last 
baronet,  and  was  killed  in  the  Devil's  Tavern, 
London,  by  Henry  St.  John,  towards  the  end  of 
the  seventeenth  century.  What  was  the  cause  of 
the  quarrel,  and  was  the  murderer  punished  ? 

Alfred  T.  Lee. 

[This  quarrel  occurred  Dec.  20,  1684,  and  is  noticed  by 
Evelyn  in  his  Diary.  Bishop  Burnet  tells  the  story  thus : 
That  in  1684  a  young  gentleman  of  a  noble  family  [Sir 
Henry  St.  John,  the  father  of  Queen  Anne's  secretary], 
being  at  supper  with  a  large  party,  a  sudden  quarrel 
arose  between  him  and  another  gentleman  [Sir  William 
Estcourt],  warm  words  passed,  swords  were  drawn,  three 
persons  were  engaged,  one  of  whom  was  killed  on  the 
spot;  the  other  two  were  indicted  for  the  murder.  It 
was  uncertain  by  whom  the  fatal  wound  was  given ;  nor 
did  the  proof  against  either  amount  to  more  than  man- 
slaughter. Yet  Sir  Henry  St.  John  was  advised  to  con- 
fess the  indictment,  and  let  sentence  pass  for  murder.  He 
was  threatened  with  the  utmost  rigour  of  the  law  if  he 
neglected  to  follow  this  advice ;  if  he  complied,  he  was 
promised  a  pardon.  He  complied,  and  was  convicted; 
but  found  that  his  pardon  was  to  be  purchased  by  paj-- 
ment  of  1600?. ;  one-half  of  this  the  king  converted  to  his 


2ad  s.  No  45.,  Nov.  8.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


373 


own  use,  and  bestowed  the  remainder  on  two  ladies  then 
high  in  favour.  This  is  the  Bishop's  story.  It  appears, 
liowever,  that  after  the  conviction  a  doubt  arose  whether 
the  king  could  pardon  him.  The  matter  was  much  de- 
bated, and  Bishop  Barlow  wrote  one  of  his  Cases  of  Con- 
science (8vo.  1692)  on  the  subject ;  and  determines  the 
point  in  the  affirmative.  It  is  said  that  to  obviate  all 
doubts,  the  king  granted  him  a  reprieve ;  in  confirmation 
of  this  no  pardon  appears  to  have  been  enrolled.  The 
reprieve  was  for  a  long  term  of  j'ears,  which  the  extreme 
old  age  to  which  he  attained  (ninety)  rendered  it  not 
improbable  that  he  might  have  survived.  Amongst  the 
records  at  the  Rolls  Chapel  is  a  restitution  of  the  estates 
of  Sir  Henry  St.  John,  forfeited  to  the  crown  by  his  felo- 
niously killing  and  murdering  Sir  William  Estcourt, 
Bart.  It  was  probably  f  )r  this  restitution  that  the  money.-- 
mentioned  by  Burnet  was  paid.  Sir  Henry  died  April  8, 
1742.  It  is  remarkable  that  exactly  100  years  before,  in 
1584,  a  gentleman  of  his  familj^  Oliver  St.  John,  was 
tried  for  a  similar  offence,  for  having  killed  in  a  duel  one 
Best,  Captain  of  the  Guard  to  Queen  Elizabeth,  and 
Champion  of  England.  See  Manning  and  Bray's  Surrei/, 
ill.  330.] 

Article  on  Warburton  in  the  Quarterly. — In  the 
Quarterly  Reviev)  for  1812,  vol.  vii.  p.  383.,  is 
■contained  an  article  on  the  life  and  writings  of 
Warburton  ;  characterised  by  a  critical  judgment 
the  most  acute,  original,  and  profound,  and  per- 
haps not  exceeded,  in  point  of  style  and  compo- 
sition, by  any  other  essay  throughout  the  entire 
series.  The  writer  of  the  biographical  notice  of 
the  same  prelate,  in  Chalmers'  Dict,e(\\t.  1814, 
after  citing  a  passage  from  the  review  in  question, 
expresses  regret  that  he  "is  not  permitted  to 
name  the  author."  Perhaps  some  one  of  your 
readers  may  now  consider  himself  justified  in 
doing  so.  A.  L. 

[The  able  article  in  the  Quarterly  Review  is  attributed 
to  Dr.  Thomas  Dunham  Whitaker  in  the  Gentleman's 
Magazine,  for  Feb.  1844,  p.  139.] 

"  Nero  Vindicated^  —  I  have  a  roughly  exe- 
cuted caricature  representing  the  Prince  Regent 
with  a  cup  in  one  hand  inscribed  "  Peterloo  En- 
tire ;"  and  in  the  other  a  scroll,  "Thanks  to  the 
Butchers  of  M ."     Below  is  — 

"  Weary  of  wine  he  gulps  the  gory  flood. 
And  Maraschino  yields  to  native  blood." 

v.  Nero  Vindicated. 

The  meaning  is  obvious  enough,  but  I  do  not 
know  any  work  entitled  Nero  Vindicated.  I  am 
collecting  illustrations  of  that  time,  and  shall  be 
obliged  by  being  told  what  it  is.  H.  S.  K. 

[The  lines  are  not  quoted  from  Nero  Vindicated,  1820, 
which  is  now  before  us.  There  is  another  satirical  pam- 
phlet, probably  by  the  same  writer,  entitled  Nero  Van- 
quished; both  published  by  J.  Turner,  170.  Aldersgate 
Street,  on  the  occasion  of  the  Manchester  massacre,  in 
1819.3 

Commission  for  Public  Preachers  in  the  Time  of 
the  Commonwealth.  —  Can  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents tell  me  the  circumstances  under  which, 


and  the  time  when,  this  commission  was  appointed, 
and  of  whom  it  consisted  ?  Alfred  T.  Lee. 

[There  were  several  commissions  appointed  during  the 
Commonwealth  touching  "  Scandalous  Ministers,"  "  Pub- 
lic Preachers,"  &c.,  but  the  one  probably  required  bv  our 
correspondent  is  that  known  by  the  name  of  The  "triers, 
appointed  by  an  act  passed  'March  20,  1653,  entitled 
"  Commissioners  appointed  for  Approbation  of  Publique 
Preachers."  There  were  twenty-eight  commissioners  ap- 
pointed, whose  names  are  recited  in  the  act  preserved  in 
Scobell's  Collection,  part  ii.  p.  279.  There  was  a  subse- 
quent commission  for  "Ejecting  ignorant  and  insufficient 
Ministers  and  Schoolmasters,"  appointed  by  an  act  passed 
Aug.  28,  1654 ;  for  this  purpose  a  considerable  number  of 
secular  commissioners,  as  well  as  ministers,  were  no- 
minated for  each  county.  See  their  names  in  Scobell, 
part  ii.  pp.  335—343. 

An  interesting  volume  on  this  subject  is  about  to  be 
issued  by  The  Camden  Society.'] 

Dr.  Palliser. — Where  can  I  find  an  account  of 
the  leading  events  of  the  life  of  Dr.  William  Pal- 
liser, Archbishop  of  Cashel,  who  was  educated  at 
Trinity  Coll.,  Dublin  ?  C.  J.  D.  Ingledew. 

[Consult  Sir  James  Ware's  Works,  by  Walter  Harris, 
fol.  1764,  vol.  i.  pp.  487.  580. ;  also  Cotton's  Fasti  Ecclesice 
Hibernica,  vol.  i.  pp.  93.  270.] 

Buck-basket  —  Can  any  of  your  readers  give  me 
the  derivation  of  buck-basket  ?  Quest. 

[Buck  (Germ,  bauche ;  It.  bucata):  a  lye  made  from 
ashes,  used  for  making  a  lather  to  wash,  linen:  hence 
bucking  is  the  act  of  washing.  The  Flemish  buycken,  to 
wash,  and  buyckster,  a  washerwoman,  are  cognate  words. 
Buck-basket  therefore  means  a  basket  used  for  carrying 
linen  to  be  washed  or  bucked. 

"  Throw  foul  linen  upon  him,  as  if  he  were  going  to 
bucking."  —  Merry  Wives  of  Windsor. 

Nares  adds,  "  It  seems  from  the  Merry  Wives  of  Wind- 
sor, that  they  bucked  the  clothes  in  the  river,  in  which 
case  we  lose  sight  of  the  lye  or  lixivium  of  the  etymolo- 
gists, of  which  I  am  inclined  to  doubt  the  authority.  The 
expression  of  buck-washing  conveys  the  idea  of  a  par- 
ticular mode : 

" '  You  were  beat  meddle  in  buck-washing.' " 

Merry  Wives  of  Windsoi-.J 

Earl  of  Annesley  sold  into  Slavery.  —  In  a 
volume  of  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  (about  1750, 
I  believe)  there  is  a  very  interesting  account  of 
this  case.  The  Earl,  so  far  as  I  recollect,  was  at 
last  put  in  possession  of  the  estates  which  had 
been  so  iniquitously  withheld  from  him.  I  am 
desirous  to  know  at  what  period  he  died,  and 
whether  he  left  any  descendants.  It  is  most  pro- 
bable that  the  Romance  of  the  Peerage  will  give 
some  particulars  relative  to  his  story. 

Henry  T.  Rilet. 

[This  is  one  of  the  most  singular  and  romantic  cases 
that  ever  perhaps  engaged  the  attention  of  a  court  of 
justice.  This  celebrated  trial  for  ejectment  between  Jameg 
Annesley  and  Richard  Earl  of  Anglesey,  which  took  place 
.  in  the  Court  of  Exchequer  in  Dublin,  commenced  on  the 
11th  of  November,  1743,  and  lasted  fifteen  days.  Full 
particulars  of  it  will  be  found  in  John  Burke's  Patrician, 
vol.  i.'pp.  309—317.,  vol.  ii.  pp.  28—34.    James  Annesley, 


3Y4 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  45.,  Nov.  8.  '56. 


the  j'outhful  slave,  recovered  his  estates ;  but  it  is  rather 
singular  that  he  never  assumed  the  titles  himself,  or 
afterwards  disturbed  his  uncle  in  the  possession  of  them. 
In  a  note  to  the  State  Trials  the  subsequent  fate  of  James 
Annesley  is  thus  recorded: — "James  Annesley, Esq.,  died 
Jan.  5,  1760.  He  was  twice  married  ;  first,  to  a  daughter 
of  Mr.  Chester,  at  Staines-Bridge,  in  Middlesex,  by  whom 
he  had  one  son  and  two  daughters.  The  son,  James  An- 
nesley, Esq.,  died  Nov.  1763,  without  issue ;  and  the  eldest 
daughter  was  married  to  Charles  Wheeler,  Esq.,  son  of 
the  late  Captain  Wheeler  in  the  Guinea  trade.  Annesley 
himself  was  married,  secondly,  to  a  daughter  of  Sir 
Thomas  I'Anson  of  Bounds,  near  Tonbridge,  in  Kent, 
gentleman-porter  of  the  Tower,  by  whom  he  had  a 
daughter  and  a  son,  who  are  both  dead ;  the  son,  aged 
about  seven  years,  died  about  the  beginning  of  1764; 
and  the  daughter,  aged  about  twelve,  died  in  May,  1765.] 

Tumbrel.  —  I  saw  lately,  in  an  old  court  leet 
book,  a  presentment  of  an  officer  for  not  keeping  a 
tumbrel  in  order.    What  was  a  tumbrel  ?     D.  W. 

[Some  authors  make  the  tumbrel  sj'nonymous  with  the 
cucking-stool ;  but  that  there  was  a  difference  between 
them  is  clear  from  an  extract  in  Lysons's  jE'ntjirows,  vol.  ii. 
p.  244. :  "At  a  court  of  the  manor  of  Edgeware,  anno 
1552,  the  inhabitants  were  presented  for  not  having  a 
tumbrel  and  cucking-stool."  The  tumbrel,  or  tomhereau, 
was  a  two-wheeled  cart,"  unloaded  by  throwing  back,  in 
which,  for  the  sake  of  exposure,  adulterers  or  fornicators 
were  carted  through  the  town.  (Fosbroke.)  Lipscomb, 
in  his  Bucks,  i.  516.,  also  speaks  of  the  tumbrel  as  a  dif- 
ferent instrument  of  punishment  to  the  cucking-stool. 
He  sa3's,  "  The  tumbrel  had  many  advantages  over  the 
ordinary  cucking-stool,  and  was  the  more  honourable  in- 
strument of  the  two ;  not  used  for  the  more  flagitious 
offenders,  or  those  scolds  who  talked  the  loudest,  but  for 
ladies  of  higher  rank,  and  that  a  scolding  dame,  entitled 
to  such  distinction  in  her  punishment,  was  as  proud  of  it, 
as  a  nobleman  claiming  the  privilege  of  being  hanged 
with  a  silken  halter,  instead  of  a  common  one  made  of 
hemp."] 


^t^liti^ 


NEWCOURt's  "  REPERTORIUM." 

(2''<»  S.  ii.  30.4.) 

I  perfectly  agree  with  your  correspondent  J.  Y. 
that,  as  the  diocese  of  London  will  shortly  be  sub- 
jected to  a  new  arrangement,  it  is  much  to  be 
desired  that  steps  should  be  taken  to  complete  to 
the  present  time  that  valuable  work,  Newcourt's 
Mepertorium  Ecclesiasticum  Parochiale  Londi- 
nense.  But  what  he  recommends  will  scarcely 
meet  the  want  in  the  best  manner. 

The  authorities  of  Sion  College  would,  of  them- 
selves, be  able  to  give  but  an  insufficient  aid  to 
the  correct  continuation  of  Newcourt's  work.  Let 
the  Bishop  of  London  be  applied  to  to  allow  a 
continuation  of  Newcourt's  list  of  incumbents 
throughout  his  work,  to  be  extracted  from  the 
registers  'of  the  diocese  ;  the  lists  would  then  be 
straightforwardly  correct,  and  the  work  be  com- 
pleted in  the  shape  of  Supplement,  through  the 
whole  diocese. 

The   biographical  notices  of  each  incumbent 


should  be  very  limited  in  extent,  referring  rather, 
where  the  persons  deserved  more  particular  notice, 
to  works  where  more  extensive  information  re- 
lating to  them  could  be  found. 

The  access,  since  Newcourt's  time,  to  abbey 
registers  and  important  information  from  a  variety 
of  sources,  the  Journals  of  the  House  of  Commons, 
&c.,  would  add  much  to  the  local  history  his  text 
contains. 

What  I  would  recommend  is,  that  a  Supple- 
ment to  Newcourt's  Repertorium  should  be  pre- 
pared to  the  several  parts  of  the  work  as  they 
stand,  bringing  the  history  down  to  the  alteration 
of  the  diocese  as  now  in  contemplation. 

The  work,  as  it  at  present  stands,  valuable  as 
it  is,  brings  so  undeservedly  low  a  price,  that  the 
republication  would  not  remunerate  the  under- 
taking. 

Let  a  Supplement  to  the  work  be  prepared,  as 
far  as  possible,  in  uniformity  with  Newcourt's  own 
arrangement,  and  published  in  portions  or  parts 
not  too  expensive,  and  there  can  be  no  doubt  but 
that  the  produce  in  point  of  sale  would,  between, 
the  incumbents  and  the  general  public  in  these 
inquisitive  times,  sufficiently  reward  the  under- 
taking. Henry  Ellis. 


LUCY   WALTERS,    MOTHER    OF    THE    DUKE    OF 
MONMOUTH. 

(2"'i  S.  ii.  308.) 

"  Of  all  the  numerous  progeny  was  none 
So  beautiful,  so  brave,  as  Absalom. 

With  secret  joy,  indulgent  David  view'd 
His  youthful  image  in  his  son  renew'd ; 
To  all  his  wishes  nothing  he  denied. 
And  made  the  charming  Annabel  his  bride." 

Dryden,  Absalom  and  Achitophel. 

The  annexed  descent  of  Lucy  AA''alters  is  based 
on,  and  chiefly  derived  from,  the  Visitation  Pedi- 
gree of  her  family  in  the  Heraldic  Visitations  of 
Wales,  by  Lewys  Dwnn,  Deputy  Herald  at  Arms, 
published  for  the  Welsh  MS.  Society,  Llando- 
very, folio,  1846,  vol.  i.  p.  228.  This  pedigree, 
which  was  taken  by  Lewys  Dwnn,  at  Haverford- 
west in  1609,  terminates  with  John  Walter,  son 
of  Roger  Walter,  and  does  not  include  Richard 
Walter,  brother  of  the  former  and  father  of  Lucy 
Walters.  Richard  may,  therefore,  be  presumed 
to  have  been  then  unborn.  Of  the  name  of  his 
wife,  of  his  children,  other  than  Lucy,  if  any,  and 
of  her  place  and  date  of  birth,  I  have  no  particu- 
lars ;  but  her  legitimacy  does  not  appear  to  have 
been  questioned.  Sir  Walter  Scott  (Dry den's 
Works,  note  iii.,  on  Absalom  and  Achitophel, 
Edinburgh,  8vo.,  1821,  vol.  ix.  p.  250.),  refersto 
her  as  "  Mrs.  Lucy  Walters,  or  Waters,  otherwise 
called  Barlow,  a  beautiful  young  lady,  of  a  good 
Welch  family."     The  name  of  Walter  indicates 


2°'i  S.  No  45.,  Nov.  8.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


375 


English,  not  Welsh  (^Cymric)  extraction ;  and 
Lewys  Dwnn  deduces  the  paternal  line  of  the 
family  from  Sir  Richard  "  Koms,"  of  Colchester, 
CO.  Essex.  The  pedigree  exhibits  no  connexion 
with  the  name  of  Barlow,  which  was  as  generally 
assigned  to  her  as  that  of  her  paternal  ancestors, 
nor  from  the  pedigree  of  the  Bai-lows  of  Slebetch, 


CO.  Pembroke,  Baronets,  in  Collins's  English  Ba- 
ronetage (London,  8vo.,  1741,  vol.  iii.  part  ii.,  pp. 
614-17.),  does  any  alliance  appear  to  have  existed 
between  the  latter  and  the  family  of  Lucy  Walters. 
Sign  ap  Gwiixym  ap  Sign. 
Inner  Temple. 


John  'Wai.tkr,  "  alias  Chwoms,  descendyd  lynoli  off  Syr  Eichart  ap  William  Koms,  Knt.,  of  Kolsiestr  in  Eseks."= 
John  Walter,  Gent.=AHce,  daughter  of  William  Mendinsor. 


MohRTS   WAI>TEB,=i 

Gent.,"of  Herf- 
ford,  1591." 

Ijowys  Dwnn,  I. 
163,  and"Hwll- 
fordd,159r."  lb. 
181. 


Jane,  daughter  (by  Jonet, 
daughter  of  David  ap 
Sir  Kys  ap  Thomas, 
Knt.)  of  William  Wa- 
ren,  Esq.,  son  of  John 
Waren,  sou  of  William 
Waren.  Lewys  Dwnn, 
I.  163. 


Alice,  daughter  (by: 
Cole,  daughter  of 

Lloyd      of 

Llanrystj'd,      co. 
Cardigan)  of 

Hugh  Barnard. 


William  Waltbr,= Alice,  sister  of  Sir  Thomas  Myddelton,  Knt., 
Gent.,  of  Haver-  Lord  Mayor  of  London  in  1613,  ancestor  of  the 
fordwest,  co.  Pern-  Myddeltons  of  Chirk  Castle,  co.  Denbigh,  Ba- 
broke,  living  there  ronets,  and  sister  of  Sir  Hugh  Myddelton.  Bart., 
iu  1609.  and  daughter  of  Richard  Myddelton,  Esq.,  Go- 

vernor of  Denbigh  Castle,  temp.  Edward  VI., 
Mary  and  Elizabeth,  by  Jane,  daughter  of  Hugh 
Dryhurst,  Esq.,  of  Denbigh.  Lewys  Dwnn,  II, 
33.'). 


William  Walter,  Gent.,=Janc,  daughter  Q)y  Kooer  WALTER=Jane,  daughter  (by  Frances,  daugh- 


living  in  1B08,  of  Castle 
Roach,  CO.  Pembroke. 
Lewys  Dwnn,  1. 128. 


Jonet,  daughter  of 
John  Philips,  son 
of  Sir  John  Philips) 
of  Francis  Lacharn , 
Esci.,  of  "Saint  y 
Bridsam  y  La- 
charns,"  co.  Pem- 
broke. Lewys 
Dwnn,  I.  73. 


of  Haverford- 
west, living  in 
1609. 


ter  of  Morgan  Powel,  Gent.,  1591) 
of  John  Saint  Marichurch,  of 
"Kastell  Martyn,  Maner  Beiar's 
Paris,"  CO.  Pembroke,  who  signed 
his  Visitation  Pedigree  10  Nov., 
33  Elizabeth,  1031.  Lewys  Dwnn, 
I.  124. 


I 
MoROAN  Wal- 
ter, iu  Holy 
Orders. 


Roland  =rrance3,  daughter  and 


Walter, 
Gent., 
living 
in  1608. 


heiress  (by  Mary, 
daughter  of  David  ap 
Harry,  Esq.,  of  Gwm 
Tydi,  CO.  Cardigan,) 
of  Griffith  ap  Thomas 
ap  Rhys. 


Eliz 
married 
John     Ky- 
na,  Gent. 

Ann,  mar- 
ried    John 
Williams 
of  Kile. 


William  Wal- 
ter, living  ia 
1608. 


Elizabeth. 


LETYS=Henry  DSws,  Gent,Ll591, 
of  Castle  Marten,  co.  Pem- 
broke, i 

Lewys  Dwnn,  1. 128. 

Mawd=Thomas  Byrt  ap  John, 
apparently  Thomas,  eldest  son 
of"  Sion  [John]  Byrtt,1591.  wn 
or  ddwy  Siryffo  Gaervyrddin," 
of  "Llandygwy,  Llwyn  Dy- 
rys,"  CO.  Caerdigan,  the  latter 
of  whom  signed  his  Visitation 
Pedigree  26  July,  33  Elizabeth, 
1591.    Lewys  Dwnn,  I.  83. 


John  Wal- 

Richard WALTEa,= 

ter,  born 

not    included    iu 

in  or  prior 

Visitation    Pedi- 

to 1609. 

gree  of  1609,  and 

probably         not 

then   born,  sup- 

posed to  have  as- 

sumed the  name 

of  Barlow. 

• 

Lucy  Walters,; 
or  Barlow. 


:  Charles  n.  Kino  of 
England. 


XX 
James,  created  Ddke  op  MoNMouTH=Anne,  Countess  and  Duchess=Charles, 
and  OF  BnccLKucH,  K.G.,  born  at 
Rotterdam,  9  April,  1649 ;  married 
20   April,  1663;  executed  15  July, 


1685. 


of  Buccleuch,  daughter  and^  Lord  Comwal- 
heiress  of  Francis,  Earl  of  '  lis,  married  in 


Buccleuch.  Bom  1651  idled 
6  Feb.  1732,  setat.  81. 


168*1,     died     29 
April,  1699. 


James,  Earl  op  Dalkeith,  bom  23  May,  1674  ;  died  14  March,  1 705=Henrietta,  daughter  of  Lawrence  Hyde,  1st  Earl  of  Rochester. 


Francis,  2nd  Dokb  of  Buccleuch,  ancestor  of  Walter  Francis,  5th  and  present  Duke  of  Buccleuch. 


Mistress  Lucy  Walter;  not  Walters,  the  mother 
of  the  Duke  of  Monmouth,  was  descended  from  a 
knightly  family,  which  flourished  in  the  county  of 
Pembroke  for  nearly  two  centuries.  Thus,  in 
1565,  Morris  Walter  was  mayor  of  Haverford- 
west; and  in  l727,  Sir  Richard  Walter  was  high 
sheriff  of  the  county  of  Pembroke.  I  am  not 
certain  as  to  the  year  of  the  birth  of  Mistress 
Lucy  Walter ;  but  she  was  born  at  Ros  Market, 
a  small  village  in  which  her  father  possessed  a 
mansion,  the  ruins  of  which  are  still  extant,  and 
situate  about  five  miles  from  Haverfordwest.  Her 
father  was  Richard  Walter,  Esq.,  of  Roch  and 
Trefran,  in  tlie  county  of  Pembroke ;  and  her 
mother  was  Bridget,  daughtei'  of  Henry  Midleton, 
of  Midleton  Hall,  in  the  county  of  Carmarthen, 


Esq.  In  a  copy  of  the  pedigree  of  the  Walter 
family  in  my  possession,  the  name  of  Mistress 
Lucy  stands  thus  ; 

"  Luce,  married  King  Charles  the  2"*,  England." 

So  general  was  the  belief  that  a  marriage  had 
actually  taken  place  between  the  King  and  this 
lady,  that  Charles  offered  his  Privy  Council  to 
make  oath  that  no  such  contract  had  been  entered 
into.  This  belief  was  greatly  strengthened  by  the 
Duke  of  Monmouth's  being  treated  by  his  father 
as  if  he  had  been  a  Prince  of  the  Blood.  The 
families  of  Barlow  and  Walter  were  connected  by 
intermarriage  :  Sir  John  Barlow,  the  first  baro- 
net, having  married  the  daughter  of  Sir  Chris- 
topher Midleton  of  Midleton  Hall,  and  Joseph 


376 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


|;2-id  s.  No  45.,  Nov.  8.  '56. 


Walter  having  married  Dorothy,  daughter  of 
Thomas  Barlow ;  but  I  am  not  aware  that  Lucy 
Walter  ever  went  by  the  latter  name.  There  are, 
I  believe,  descendants  of  the  Walter  family  still 
to  be  found  in  the  county  of  Pembroke,  and  to 
some  of  them  the  gift  of  beauty  seems  to  have 
come  down  as  an  heir-loom. 

John  Pavin  Phillips. 
Haverfordwest.^ 


HBSUSdlTATION   OF   THE   DEAD. 

(2°'>  S.  ii.  248.) 

If  Dr.  Lotskt  will  refer  to  p.  1103.  of  the 
fourth  edition  of  Dr.  Carpenter's  Principles  of 
Human  Physiology,  he  will  see  that  notice  is  there 
taken  of  the  perlbrmances  of  the  Indian  Fakeers 
to  which  his  inquiry  is  directed ;  and  in  a  note 
will  find  that  Mr.  Braid  in  his  Ohsei'vations  on 
Trance,  or  Human  Hybernation  (1850),  has  pub- 
lished a  collection  of  well-authenticated  cases  of 
the  interment  and  resuscitation  of  Fakeers.  Lieut. 
A.  Boileau,  in  his  Narrative  of  a  Journey  in  Raj- 
warra  in  1835,  also  relates  a  case,  lleference 
may  also  be  made  to  the  Medical  Times,  No.  281., 
Feb.  8,  1845,  pp.  399.  and  439. 

The  most  remarkable  case  on  record  is,  I  be- 
lieve, that  mentioned  in  Mr.  Braid's  case,  from  an 
account  afforded  by  an  eye-witness.  Sir  Claude 
M.  Wade,  C.B.,  formerly  political  agent  at  the 
Court  of  Runjeet  Singh,  which  occurred  during 
the  period  he  occupied  that  position.  I  have  re- 
cently had  an  opportunity  of  conversing  with  Sir 
C.  M.  Wade  on  this  case,  and  believe  the  follow- 
ing particulars  connected  with  the  preparation  of 
the  Fakeer  for  interment  are  not  contained  in 
Mr.  Braid's  work. 

For  some  time  previous  to  interment  the  Fa- 
keer sustained  himself  on  rice  only,  subsequently 
exchanged  for  rice  water  ;  after  having  been  thus 
dieted,  he  rolled  up  a  piece  of  cotton  into  the  form 
of  a  small  ball,  which  he  swallowed ;  this  was 
passed  per  anum  ;  afterwards  he  took  milk,  which, 
it  is  stated,  passed  in  an  unchanged  condition. 
This  appeared  to  be  the  test  of  his  being  in  a  fit 
state  to  undergo  interment. 

The  natural  apertures  of  the  body,  with  the  ex- 
ception of  the  mouth,  were  stopped  with  wax  ; 
the  Fakeer  then  squatted  down,  opened  his  mouth, 
and  with  his  fingers  turned  the  point  of  his  tongue 
backwards,  and  closed  the  mouth.  Almost  imme- 
diately after  this  he  seemed  to  fall  into  a  state  of 
collapse.  He  was  then  placed  in  a  bag,  put  into 
a  box  in  the  position  he  had  assumed,  and  let 
down  into  a  cell  and  buried.  After  he  had  been 
interred  for  six  weeks,  the  cell  was  opened  in  the 
presence  of  Bunjeet  Singh  and  Sir  C.  M.  Wade. 
He  was  removed  from  the  box,  and  the  bag  opened 
by  Dr.  Macgregor,  who  was  also  present ;   no 


beating  of  the  heart  could  be  detected,  nor  pulsa- 
tion at  the  wrists.  The  general  appearance  of  the 
body  was  corpse-like ;  the  face  was  swollen,  and 
the  head,  which  reclined  on  one  side,  was  warm 
to  the  touch.  Resuscitation  was  commenced  by 
pouring  warm  water  on  the  head,  and  the  suc- 
cessive application,  also  to  the  head,  of  three  or 
four  fresh  half-baked  wheaten  cakes.  The  wax 
was  removed  from  the  nostrils,  its  removal  being 
followed  by  a  convulsive  movement  of  the  whole 
body ;  the  wax  from  the  other  apertures  was  then 
removed  ;  next  the  mouth  was  opened  with  some 
little  force,  the  jaws  being  clenched,  and  the 
tongue  drawn  forward  ;  some  difficulty,  however, 
was  at  first  experienced  in  retaining  the  tongue  in 
its  natural  position,  as  it  returned  once  or  twice 
to  that  in  which  it  had  been  previously  placed. 
The  eyelids  were  separated,  moved  up  and  down, 
and  rubbed  ;*  general  friction  completed  the  means 
employed  for  resuscitation.  In  the  course  of 
thirty  or  forty  minutes  the  Fakeer  recovered  the 
power  of  articulation,  and  his  first  remark,  made 
to  Runjeet  Singh,  in  the  language  of  his  country, 
was,  "  You  believe  me  now."  On  being  asked 
whether  he  retained  any  consciousness  during  in- 
terment, he  replied  that  he  had  been  in  a  dreamy 
state.  Some  three  or  foiir  months  after  this  oc- 
currence he  died,  but  his  death  was  not  attributed 
to  his  previous  protracted  interment. 

"  It  is  impossible,"  sa3's  Dr.  Carpenter  in  reference  to 
the  above,  and  .somewhat  similar  instances  of  apparent 
death,  "  in  the  present  state  of  our  linowledge,  to  give 
any  satisfactory  account  of  these  states ;  but  some  light 
appears  to  be  thrown  upon  them  by  certain  phenomena  of 
artificial  somnambulism,  'hypnotic*  or  'mesmeric;'  for 
in  this  condition  there  is  sometimes  an  extraardinar3''  re- 
tardation of  the  respiratory  movements  and  of  the  pulsa- 
tions of  the  heart,  which,  if  carried  further,  would  produce 
a  state  of  complete  collapse ;  and  its  self-induction  is  sus- 
pected by  Mr.  Braid  to  be  the  secret  of  the  performance  of 
the  Indian  fakeers  just  referred  to." 

R.  WiLBBAHAM  FaLCONEB,  M.D. 

Bath. 


John  Cleland  (2'>''  S.  ii.  351.)  —Mb.  Riley  has 
touched  upon  the  history  of  a  remarkable  man, 
the  author  of  the  infamous  novel  often  referred  to 
and  seldom  named.  That  Johft  Cleland  wrote 
that  work  (published  anonymously,  the  first  part 
in  1748,  the  second  in  1749)  is  undoubted,  and 
that  Griffiths  admitted  a  favourable  notice  of  it 
in  the  Monthly  Review  is  also  undoubted.  (See 
Mr.  Forster's  Life  of  Goldsmith,  vol.  i.  p.  xxx.  se- 
cond edition.)  But  the  difficulty  is,  who  was 
John  Cleland's  father  ?  Was  it  Pope's  friend  J 
Major  W.  Cleland,  or  Colonel  W.  Cleland,  men-  ^ 
tioned  in  Swift's  Journal  to  Stella?  In  the 
Gentleman's  Magazine  for  1789  is  an  account  of 
John  Cleland,  but  inaccurate  in  several  points. 


2nci  s.  NO  45.,  Nov.  8.  '56.Q 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


377 


His  history  is  worth  more  attention,  "for  warning 
and  example,"  than  has  yet  been  bestowed  on  it. 

G.  D. 

Dr.  Griffiths  and  the^  Monthly  Review"— T\i&t 
the  proprietor  of  the  Monthly  Review  (Dr.  Grif- 
fiths, I  believe)  should  ever  inadvertently  have 
permitted  his  pages  to  have  been  sullied  with  a 
review  of  that  infamous  work,  The  Woman  of 
Pleasure,  must  have  been  to  him  a  source  of  poig- 
nant regret.  Although  it  has  been  said  of  the 
work  that  not  one  word  taken  abstractedly  could 
give  offence  to  the  chastest  ear,  yet  taken  col- 
lectively it  is  a  work  of  the  most  atrocious  cha- 
racter, and  it  would  be  a  happy  thing  if  it  could 
be  doomed  to  perdition  and  oblivion.  It  is  with 
regret  I  refer  (for  the  critique  desired)  to  vol.  ii. 
of  the  Monthly  Review,  March,  1750,  p.  431-2. 

r. 

An  Oxford  Squib  (2""^  S.  il.  101.)  — I  have 
little  doubt  that  this  clever  effusion  is  by  Nicholas 
Amhurst,  author  of  the  Terrce  Filius,  in  1721. 
The  two  persons  most  severely  ridiculed  in  it  are 
Dr.  Deiaune,  President  of  St.  John's,  and  Dr. 
Hole,  Master  of  Exeter  ;  and  it  is  upon  these  two 
dons  that  Amhurst  is  more  severe  in  his  Terra 
Filius  than  upon  any  of  the  other  objects  of  his 
hatred :  giving  to  the  former  the  nickname  of 
Father  William,  and  to  the  latter  that  of  Dr. 
Dryhones,  and  ridiculing  him  for  his  parsimony. 

Dr.  Gardiner  of  All  Souls,  Dr.  Dobson  of  Tri- 
nity, and  Mr.  Whistler,  the  bedell  (legatus  acade- 
micus)  are  also  named  in  the  Terrce  Filius.  Dr. 
Holland  is  the  only  one  that  is  not  named ;  but  it 
is  not  improbable  that  he  figures  as  Dr.  Crassus. 
Could  any  of  your  readers  identify  some  of  the 
other  names  in  the  Terras  Filius  f 

Henry  T.  Rilet. 

Mrs.  Gwynn  (2"'^  S.  ii.  330.)  —  There  can  be 
no-  doubt  that  the  Mrs.  Gwyn  mentioned  in  the 
anonymous  old  Diary  was  the  wife  of  William 
Gvyyn,  one  of  the  auditors  of  the  Exchequer, 
living  at  Windsor,  and  whose  daughter,  Ann 
Gwyn,  married  liichard  Aldworth  of  Stanlake, 
Berks,  some  time  M.P.  for  Reading,  and  the  pa- 
ternal ancestor  of  the  Lords  Braybrooke.  There 
is  a  long  Latin  inscription  on  a  monument,  still 
extant  in  the  parish  church  of  Buscombe,  erected 
to  the  memory  of  his  parents,  by  their  younger  son 
Dr.  Charles  Aldworth,  Camden  Professor  at  Ox- 
ford, printed  in  Le  Neve's  Monumenta  Anglicana, 
vol.  iii.  pp.  147,  148,  William  Aldworth,  who 
carried  the  money  to  Stanlake,  was  Mr.  B.  Aid- 
worth's  brother,  connected  also  with  the  Ex- 
chequer, and  described  as  of  Windsor.  B. 

Gelsthrop,  Arms  0/(2""^  S.  ii.  211.)  —  Is  T.  B- 
sure  he  is  correct  as  to  there  having  been  a  family 
or  individual  of  this  name,  entitled  to  arms,  at 
Fishlake,  Yorkshire.     I  have  made  inquiry   of 


the  present  vicar  of  that  place,  who  is  a  good  an- 
tiquary and  genealogist,  and  he  states  that  he 
does  not  meet  witii  any  mention  of  the  name  in 
the  parish  register,  nor  are  there  any  monumental 
inscriptions  relating  to  it.  C.  J. 

Cidme  Family  of  Devonshire  (2"''  S.  ii.  330.)  — 
The  Culme  family,  which  has  at  various  periods 
spelt  its  name  Columb,  Culme,  and  CuUum,  of 
Molland  Sarazen,  or  Champeaux,  in  the  county 
of  Devon,  professes  to  trace  back  to  Sir  William 
Culme,  who  lived  in  the  time  of  Edward  I.  From 
this,  the  parent  stem,  which  became  extiftct  in 
the  direct  male  line  in  1658,  the  CuUums  of  Haw- 
sted,  in  the  county  of  Suffolk,  are  stated  to  be 
descended,  though  the  fact  is  questioned  by  a 
learned  author  of  that  family,  Sir  John  CuUum, 
in  his  History  of  Hawsted.  The  arms,  which  are 
identical  in  both  families,  are  as  follows  :  "  Azure, 
a  chevron  ermine,  between  3  pelicans  with  wings 
expanded,  or."  Crest :  "  a  lion  sejant  proper, 
supporting  a  Corinthian  column." 

At  the  commencement  of  the  last  century,  there 
lived  in  this  city  (of  which  he  was  also  a  native), 
the  Rev.  Benjamin  Culm,  Vicar  of  St.  Olave's, 
Chester.  He  bore  similar  arms  to  the  Devon- 
shire family.  T.  Hughbs. 

Chester. 

Names  of  Places  in  Dublin  (2"*  S.  ii.  315.)  —  I 
know  that  there  are  many  Irish  readers  of  "  N. 
&  Q. ;"  and  I  believe  that  there  are  very  ^q^j,  if 
any,  among  them,  who  would  not  feel  interested 
in  any  light  which  P.  B.  might  be  able  to  throw 
on  the  origin  of  the  names  of  localities  in  Dublin, 
or  its  neighbourhood.  I  hope,  therefore,  that  he 
will  have  the  kindness  to  impart  whatever  infor- 
mation he  may  possess  regarding  the  "  Pigeon 
House,"  &c.  'AAttui'. 

Dublin. 

Check,  or  Cheque  (2°'^  S.  ii.  191.)— A  corre- 
spondent, T.  H.,  inquires  which  of  the  above  ways 
of  spelling  is  the  correct  one  :  Cheque,  it  is 
answered,  very  truly,  I  think,  is  now  almost  ob- 
solete. T.  H.  is  then  referred  to  the  Dictionaries 
of  Doctors  Richardson  and  Ogilvie,  and  is  told 
that  "  in  the  latter  work  the  etymologies  of  En- 
glish words  are  deduced  from  a  comparison  of 
words  of  corresponding  elements  in  the  principal 
languages  of  Europe  and  Amei-ica  "  (sic).* 

I  am  afraid  T.  H.  may  take  it  for  granted  that 
it  is  to  Dr.  Ogilvie  he  would,  on  reference  to  the 
word  check,  feel  himself  indebted  for  this  sort  of 
deduction.  He  would  be  greatly  mistaken ;  there 
is  not  one  word  in  that  gentleman's  Dictionary 
which  is  not  "  conveyed "  as  Antient  Pistol,  or 
"  lifted,"  as  Dr.  Ogilvie's  countrymen  would  say, 

[*  On  turning  to  the  passage,  we  find  America  is  a 
provoking  misprint  for  Ada.  —  Ed.  ] 


378 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'>d  s.  No  45.,  Nov.  8.  '56. 


from  the  pages  of  our  transatlantic  brother — Noah 
Webster.  Whatever  be  the  merit  or  demerit  of 
the  deduction,  to  Webster  it  wholly  belongs.  In 
how  many  other  instances,  indeed  in  how  great  a 
portion  of  the  entire  work,  it  may  be  traced  that 
similar  "conveyances,"  or  "liftings,"  have  been 
perpetrated,  I  am  not  prepared  to  say.  Certain 
I  am,  in  far  too  many  to  allow  of  an  excuse  under 
the  plea  of  general  acknowledgment.  Such  ge- 
neral acknowledgments  are  in  value  much  on  a 
par  with  FalstafTs  '•  Master  Shallow,  I  owe  thee  a 
thousand  pounds." 

To  this  same  charge  the  Dictionary  of  Dr.  Craik 
is  equally  exposed,  and  our  American  brethren, 
with  all  lovers  of  fair  play,  have  just  cause  for 
complaint. 

So  also  we  have  Latin  Dictionaries  founded  or 
hased  on  Fretmd,  and  no  means  afforded  of  dis- 
cerning for  how  much  of  the  superstructure  the 
builders  are  respectively  indebted  to  the  same 
artist. 

Even  that  fur  irifurcifer  —  Scapula  —  thought 
it  became  him  to  say : 

"At  vero  ne  thesauri  illius,  Herculeo  sane  labore  com- 
positi,  autorem  bene  de  Uteris  meritum  debita  laude 
fraudare,  aut  me  alienis  plumis  venditare,  videar,  quid 
illi  acceptum  feram,  fateri  non  gravabor." 

And  his  acknowledgment  amounts  to  this  : 
that  whatever  things  he  found  more  copiously 
and  more  accurately  set  forth  in  the  Thesaurus  of 
Henry  Stephens,  "  ea  inde  potissimum  deprompta 
meo  instituto  accommodavi." 

In  speaking  of  Richardson's  Dictionary,  the 
writer  omits  to  inform  T.  H.  that  in  it  he  will  find 
the  very  curious  historical  etymology  of  our  re- 
nowned countryman,  and  prince  of  oriental  scho- 
lars. Sir  William  Jones.  Q. 

Bloomsbury. 

Oldest  Australian  Colonist  (2"^  S.  ii.  307.)  — 
This  paragraph  alludes  to  Melbourne  only,  and 
not  to  Australia  generally.  Victoria,  of  which 
Melbourne  is  the  capital,  was  founded  but  twenty- 
one  years  since,  and  H.  Waller  might  easily  be 
the  oldest  colonist;  but  the  colonising  of  Aus- 
tralia commenced  in  1788,  or  six  years  before 
Mr.  Waller's  birth.  Circumnavigator. 

Parish  Registers  (2"^  S:  II.  66.  151.  318.)  — On 
the  authority  of  Mr.  Sims's  excellent  Manual  for 
the  Genealogist,  Topographer,  Antiquary,  and  Legal 
Professor,  Sfc.  (Russell  Smith,  1856),  I  am  able 
to  Inform  E.  G.  R.  that  it  was  ordained  — 

"  by  a  constitution  made  bj'  the  archbishops  and  clergy 
of  Giinterbui-y,  25th  of  October,  1597,  that  parchment 
register  books  should  be  purchased  at  the  expense  of 
each  parish,  and  that  there  should  be  transcribed,  at  the 
same  parish  cost,  from  the  paper  books  then  in  use,  into 
the  parchment  registers,  not  only  the  names  of  those  who 
had  been  baptized,  married,  or  buried,  during  the  reign 
of  the  then  Queen  (which  commenced  1558,  a  period  of 


thirty -nine  years  prior  to  the  mandate),  but  also  the 
names  of  those  who  thenceforth  should  be  baptized,  mar- 
ried, or  buried.  Such  transcripts  to  be  examined,  and 
their  correctness  certified  at  the  bottom  of  each  page,  by 
the  clergyman  and  churchwardens.  Copies  of  the  regis- 
ters were  to  be  forwarded  annually,  within  one  month  of 
Easter,  by  the  respective  churchwardens,  to  the  registrar 
of  the  diocese,  that  they  might  be  faithfully  preserved  in 
the  episcopal  archives.  The  constitution  was  approved 
by  the  Queen,  under  the  Great  Seal  of  England,  and 
ordered  to  be  observed  in  both  provinces  of  Canterbury 
and  York."— P.  351. 

Those  who  are  anxious  to  know  how  these 
documents  are  preserved,  and  the  exorbitant  fees 
charged  for  consulting  them,  should  read  pages 
357-8.  of  the  above  work.  As  specimens,  take 
the  following  : 

Lincoln.  "The  duplicate  parish  registers  are  tied  up 
in  the  parcels  in  which  thej'  were  sent,  bundled  into 
boxes ;  and  those  which  have  been  written  on  parchment 
were  regularly  cut  up  for  binding  modern  wills." 

Lichfield.  "  The  charge  for  searching  the  parish  regis- 
ter returns  at  Lichfield  is  six  shillings  and  eight  pence 
for  each  year." 

K.  P.  D.  E. 

Fowlers  of  Staffordshire  (2°'^  S.ii.  307.)  —  In 
answer  to  Wilfrid,  allow  me  to  give  the  follow- 
ing extract  from  Edmondson's  Heraldry  : 

"  Fowler  (Thomas,  of  Staffordshire).  Az.  on  a  chev. 
engr.  (another,  not  engr.),  betw.  three  lions  pass.  gard. 
or,  as  manj'  crosses  form^e  (another,  moline,)  sab.  Crest. 
A  bird  ducally  gorged  or.  Another  crest.  A  cubit  arm 
habited  az.  in  the  hand  prpr.  a  leure  vert,  feathered  arg., 
lined  or,  twisted  round  the  arm." 

Wilfrid  will  find  the  lineage  in  Burke's  Landed 
Gentry,  where  the  arms  are  given  as  in  Edmond- 
son,  with  the  crest,  "An  owl  ducally  crowned 
or."  Rust. 

Norwich. 

Of  St.  Thomas,  Staffordshire  :  az.  on  a  chevron 
or,  between  3  lions  passant  guardant  as  many 
crosses  formee  (another  gives  crosses  moline), 
sable.  Crest,  a  bird  ducally  gorged,  or  ;  another 
crest,  a  cubit  arm  habited,  azure,  holding  a  lure, 
vert,  feathered,  argent,  lined,  or,  twisted  round 
the  arm. 

Unless  the  party  can  prove  a  descent  from  the 
first  grantee  he  has  no  right  to  use  the  arms. 
Fowler  being  a  very  usual  name.  P-  P. 

Hospital  Out-patients  (2°''  S.  II.  69.  156.)  —  The 
days  for  admission  to  the  Leicester  Infirmary  are 
Monday,  Wednesday,  and  Friday.  The  popula- 
tion of  Leicester  is  about  67,000. 

P.  J.  F.  Gantillon. 

Fagot :  Ficatum,  8fc.  (2"'^  S.  i.  236.)  —  Your 
correspondent  says  :  "  I  know  of  no  instance  of  i 
and  a  being  confounded  in  etymology."  I  can 
1^11  him  of  one,  very  similar  to  the  instance  under 
consideration.  The  common  people,  in  the  in- 
terior of  Lancashire,  to  this  day,  call  a  "fig-pie" 
a  "  fag-pie."  ,  Henry  T.  Riley. 


2nd  s.  No  45.,  Nov.  8.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


379 


Theodolite  (2"'*  S.  i.  73.  122.)  — Is  it  not  most 
probable  that  this  "still-vexed"  word  is  com- 
pounded from  the  Greek  dedonat,  "  to  see,"  and 
(tSuKov,  "a  figure,"  or  "object?"  I  say  nothing 
as  to  the  rules  for  the  formation  of  compound 
words.  •  Eta  Beta  Pi. 

Masvicius'  Virgil  (2"^  S.  ii.  235.)  —  If  either  of 

your  correspondents  should  be  desirous  of  seeing 

or  obtaining  a  fine  copy  of  the  Leuwarden  edition, 

I  can  accommodate  them.  W.  G.  L. 

39.  Westbourne  Grove. 


NOTES   ON   BOOKS,   ETC. 

Two  biographies  of  men,  alike  in  their  strong  natural 
genius,  but  different  in  country  and  education,  Bernard 
Palissy  and  Jerome  Cardan,  has  Mr.  Morley  already 
given  to  the  world.  He  has  now  completed  this  triology 
of  lives  by  that  of  Cornelius  Agrippa :  and  thus  accom- 
plished, and  very  successfuUj',  the  point  at  which  he 
aimed,  that  of  showing  us  what  the  life  of  a  scholar  was 
at  the  time  of  the  revival  of  learning  and  the  reformation 
of  the  Church.  Through  how  many  pages  of  old  for- 
gotten learning,  through  what  piles  of  old  Latin  letters 
written  by  Agrippa,  must  Mr.  Morley  have  waded  to 
gather  the  materials  for  the  pleasant  and  interesting 
volumes  in  which  he  gives  us  the  history  of  a  man 
who  won  his  knighthood  in  the  field,  who  earned  his 
doctorate  in  every  faculty,  who  wrote  a  book  on  magic, 
which  keeps  him  as  a  magician  in  men's  minds  even  up 
to  the  present  day,  and  who,  after  discoursing  upon  the 
"  Vanitj'  of  Sciences  and  Arts,"  died  away  from  the  wife 
who  had  dishonoured  him  and  the  children  from  whom 
he  was  forced  to  flee,  a  lonely  and  unhappy  man.  Mr. 
Morley  will  have  added  to  his  reputation  by  these  two 
volumes,  which  we  commend  very  heartily  to  the  notice 
of  our  readers;  although  we  cannot  endorse  all  the 
opinions  and  views  to  which  the  author  has  given  ex- 
pression. 

When  a  man  of  fortune  emploj's  his  ample  means  in 
collecting  works  of  art  or  objects  of  antiquity,  he  does 
good  service  to  the  cause  of  Art  or  Archaeology ;  but  he 
deserves  still  higher  praise  when  he  endeavours  to  make 
others  the  sharers  in  the  enjoyment  to  be  derived  from 
their  possession  by  the  publication  of  casts,  engravings, 
&c.,  of  the  treasures  in  his  keeping.  To  this  higher  praise 
Lt.-Gen.  Fox  is  fully  entitled — for,  having  busied  himself 
for  forty  years  in  forming  a  Collection  of  Coins,  he  has 
now  issued  a  scries  of  engravings  of  such  of  them  as  have 
hitherto  been  unpublished,  for  the  use  of  numismatic  stu- 
dents. The  work  is  entitled  Engravings  of  Inedited  or  Rare 
Greek  Coins,  with  Descriptions,  by  Lieutenant-General  C. 
R.  Fox.  Part  I.,  Europe  ;  and  this  first  part  comprises  114 
Greek  Coins  of  Europe,  commencing  with  Massilia,  and 
terminating  with  the  Islands  of  the  iEgean  Sea;  and  if 
he  is  encouraged,  of  which  there  can  be  little  doubt,  the 
editor  proposes  to  complete  it  by  a  selection  of  such  un- 
published coins  of  Asia  and  Africa  as  may  be  in  his  pos- 
session. 

The  world- wde  reputation  of  the  useful  volumes  pro- 
duced by  the  late  Mr.  Maunder,  and  which  are  known  as 
Maunder's  Treasuries,  is  likely  to  receive  an  increase  by 
the  new  volume  just  added  to  the  Series.  It  is  entitled 
3Vie  Treasury  of  Geography,  Physical,  Historical,  De- 
scriptive, and  Political,  containing  a  succinct  Account  of 


every  Country  in  the  World,  preceded  by  an  Introductory 
Outline  of  the  History  of  Geography ;  a  familiar  Inquiry 
into  the  Varieties  of  Race  and  Language  exhibited  by  dif- 
ferent Nations,  and  a  View  of  the  Relations  of  Geography 
to  Astronomy  and  the  Physical  Sciences.  It  was  designed 
and  commenced  by  Mr.  Maunder,  but  has  been  completed 
by  one  well-fitted  for  the  task,  Mr.  William  Hughes ;  and 
with  its  ample  index,  well  engraved  maps,  and  accom- 
panying plates,  is  such  a  complete  handbook  of  the 
branch  of  knowledge  Avhich  it  is  intended  to  teach,  that 
it  well  deserves  to  be  regarded,  as  it  is  designated,  a 
Treasury  of  Geography. 

For  seven  years  now  has  the  well-known  house  of 
De  la  Rue  &  Co.  issued  for  the  use  of  men  of  business 
and  men  of  no  business,  in  fact,  for  every  body,  their 
Indelible  Diary  and  Memorandum  Book.  And  as  each 
year  has  added  to  it  some  new  description  of  useful  in- 
formation, it  may  readily  be  conceived  what  a  vast 
amount  of  that  knowledge  which  is  called  for  and  wanted 
every  day  is  now  garnered  up  in  its  clearly  but  closely 
printed  pages.  While  as  a  guarantee  for  that  accuracy 
without  which  the  information  would  be  worse  than 
useless,  we  have  a  responsible  editor  announced  in  the 
title-page,  viz.  Mr.  Norman  Pogson,  First  Assistant  at 
the  Radcliffe  Observatory,  Oxford. 

Our  readers,  we  are  sure,  will  be  glad  to  learn  that 
The  Remains  of  Tho.  Heame,  being  Extracts  from  the 
Manuscript  Diaries  of  the  Oxford  Antiquary;  collected, 
with  a  few  Notes,  by  Dr.  Bliss,  will  shortly  be  published. 
The  learned  Editor  doubts  "whether  in  these  days  two 
hundred  purchasers  of  such  a  work  will  be  found,  but 
hopes  that  the  Collectors  of  Heame's  Works,  (to  which 
this  may  be  deemed  a  fitting  supplement,)  the  lovers  of 
biographical  minutiae,  of  personal  anecdote,  of  historical 
gossip,  and,  above  all,  of  the  local  antiquities,  habits,  and 
manners  of  the  University,  will  find  in  it  somewhat  of 
information  and  amusement  to  make  up  for  the  smallness 
of  the  impression,  and  the  consequent  high  price "  at 
which  the  book  is  to  be  published.  There  can  be  but 
little  doubt  of  this,  and  We  certainly  look  for  it  with 
much  anxiety. 

We  have  this  week  to  record  the  death  of  an  occa- 
sional, but  most  valuable  contributor  to  "N.  &  Q.,"  the 
Rev.  Joseph  Mendham,  of  Sutton  Coldfield,  who  died  there 
on  Sunday  last,  at  the  advanced  age  of  87.  For  several 
years  before  his  death,  he  had  quitted  the  field  of  litera- 
ture ;  directing  the  powers  of  his  mind  to  the  prospect  of 
that  state  which  brings  "  an  end  to  all  controversy,"  and  in 
which  truth  is  to  be  seen  at  length  in  all  its  reality.  The 
late  Mr.  Thomas  Rodd,  than  whom  no  one  better  knew 
how  to  put  scarce  books  into  the  most  proper  hands,  used 
to  express  this  high  character  of  him  as  a  writer  :  "  Few 
men  know  so  well  the  worth  of  books  as  Mr.  Mendham, 
and  no  one  knows  better  how  to  use  them."  We  propose 
to  give,  next  week,  a  List  of  his  published  Works. 

British  Museum.  —  Our  literary  friends  will  be  glad 
to  learn  that  the  new  circular  Reading  Room,  which  will 
be  the  largest  in  the  world,  is  rapidly  approaching  com- 
pletion, more  than  two  hundred  workmen  being  daily  em- 
ployed upon  it.  The  decorations  are  nearly  complete,  and 
the  appliances  for  heating  and  ventilating  are  in  a  for- 
ward state,  so  that  the  public  may  hope  to  be  admitted 
beneath  the  magnificent  dome  in  May  or  June  next.  If 
we  are  not  misinformed,  arrangements  are  being  made 
so  that  the  place  may  be  lighted  up  with  gas  for  the  con- 
venience of  evening  students ;  and  what  above  all  it  is 
gratifying  to  know  is,  that  there  will  be  a  complete  ma- 
nuscript Catalogue  of  the  collection  in  the  room  ;  that  is, 
the  present  four  or  five  different  catalogues  will  be  em- 
bodied in  one.  The  new  Reading  Room  will  be  capable 
of  seating  five  hundred  readers,  giving  ample  table-room 


380 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°<»S.  N»45.,  Nov.  8. '56. 


(four  or  five  feet)  to  each.  It  is  not  pleasant  to  the 
student  to  be  jostled  and  discomposed,  to  be  overlooked, 
and  even  to  have  his  place  usurped  should  he  temporarily 
leave  his  seat.  It  is  proposed,  too,  we  understand,  to 
number  the  chairs  or  tables  in  such  manner  that  there 
will  be  less  difficulty  to  the  officials  in  the  delivery  of  the 
books  to  the  reader  than  now  exists. 


BOOKS    AND     ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    PUECHASE. 

Booth's  Analytical  Dictionary.  Part  5.  Also  Parts  5.  and  6.  (to 
complete  two  copies).    4to.  .-,„,,     -r,    .  j.    , 

The  Spectator  of  Literature  and  Politics.  A  Weekly  Periodical 
publislied  for  a  short  time  about  the  year  1819.    1  Vol.    8vo. 

SiiAKspEARE.  Vol.  VII.  of  an  edition  in  10  Vols.  12mo.  Published  in 
1 82 1 .    London ,  Otridge  and  Rackham . 

Miss  Edoewobth's  Parents'  Assistant.    Vol.  I.  of  the  6-vols.  edition. 

Bvron's  Works.    Vol.  VIII.  of  the  17- Vols,  edition.    12mo. 

Cambridoe  Mathematical  Joobnal.    Nos.  9, 10.  12.  14.  &  19. 

**»  Letters,  stating  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carriage  free,  to  be 
sent  to  Messrs.  Bell  &  Daldv,  Publishers  of  "  WOTES  AND 
QUERIES,"  186.  Fleet  Street. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &e.  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  req.uired,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose  : 
Memoirs  of  the  Societv  of  Ghdb  SiREEr.    2  Vols.    12mo.    London, 

1737. 
Court  Poems.    Dublin,  1716, 

Wanted  by  William  J.  Thorns,  Esq.,  25.  Holywell  Street,  Millbank, 
Westminster. 


The  last  visitation  conflicts  and  death  op  Mr.  Thomas  Peacock, 
Batchellar  of  Divinitv,  and  Fellow  of  Bhasen-nose  Colledqe  in 
Oxford,  &c.  Loudon  :  Printed  for  William  Millar,  at  the  guilded 
Acorn,  near  the  little  North  doore  in  St.  Paul's  Church-yard.    1660. 

The  List  of  the  Armv  Raised  cinder  the  command  of  his  Excellency 
Robert  Earle  of  Essex  and  Ewe,  Viscount  Hereford,  Lord  Fer- 
rers OF  Chartley,  B  iurchbir  and  Lovaine,  &c.  London:  Printed 
for  John  Partredge,  1642. 

The  Illustrated  London  Almanack  fob  1853.  (For  this  One  Shilling 
will  be  given.) 

The  Journal  of  the  AncHmoLooicAL  Association.    Part  I. 

Wanted  by  Edward  Peacock,  Manor  Farm,  Bottesford,  Brigg. 


Sbaw's  Staffordshire.    2  Vols.    Folio. 
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Rij.  The  French  proverb  —  "  Point  d'argent,  point  de  Suisse  "  —  has 
reference  to  the  Swiss  mercenaries  foi-merhj  in  the  pay  of  States  who  pre- 
ferred them  to  native  troops, 

A.  Z.  "  The  soul's  dark  cottage,"  <5-c.  is  from  Waller's  Preface  to  his 
Poems  of  Divine  Love,  <5-c.    See  further  on  this  subject  our  Ist  S.  iii.  154. 

Henry  Kensington.  We  should  like  to  see  the  lines.  The  expression 
"  cockles,"  of  the  heart  is,  no  doubt,  a  joking  substitute  for  "  mzisctes." 

Mr.  Winofield,  who  desires  to  purchase  the  volumes  of  The  Times 
newspaper  for  1814, 1815, 1820,  and  IS2\ ,  would  probably  succeed  by  ap- 
plying to  Ml-.  Fennell,  No.  1.  Warwick  Court,  Holborn. 

Bensley  Family.  We  have  letters  for  our  Correspondents  on  this  suhi 
ject,  Teaoue  and  T.  B.     Where  shall  we  send  them  f 

W.  (Bombay),  win  find  the  subject  o/Morganatic  Marriages  treated  of 
in"  N.  &  Q.,"  1st  S.  if.  72.  125.  231.  261. 

H.  T.  Riley.  The  Quotation  "  Man's  inhumanity  to  man  make' 
countless  thousands  mourn,"  occurs  in  Burns's  poem,"  Man  was  made 
to  inourny 

The  explanatimi  of  the  wood-cut  on  the  title-page  of  The  Petition  and 
Articles  exhihited  against  Edward  Finch,  1611, 1'tz.  "  Away  to  Hamer- 
smith,"  is  unfit  for  publication.  Its  elucidation  will  be  foxmd  at  p.  9.  ()/ 
this  mendacious  tract. 

Mrs.  Joanna  Stephens  received  fMU.  for  her  nostrum,  March  17.  \7V)  . 
In  addition  to  the  few  particulars  respecting  her  in  "  N.  &  Q.."  1st  S.  xii. 
366.,  our  Correspondent  williiml  the  subscription  list  in  Gent.  Mag.  ix.40.; 
and  olhernotices  (f  her  in  the  same  work,\ol.  viii.,218.  276.  618.  606,661.; 
ix.  159.298.;  xvi.  77.;  xxxiii.  472. 

Our  Correspomlent  asks  when  poplars  were  first  planted  in  England, 
but  has  not  stated  tAe  species.  Willdenow  has  thirteen  ;  four  natives  of 
Britain. 

E.  S,  W.  Has  our  Correspondent  consulted  the  article  on  Trosachs  in 
our  1st  S.  viii,  245.  ? 

N.  G.  T.  Tlie  quotation  "  Who  sweeps  a  room,  as  for  thy  laws,"  4'C-> 
occ2irs  in  Oeorge  Herbert's  poem,  entitled  "  The  Elixir." 

Answers  to  othxr  Correspondents  in  our  next. 

Erratum.  — 2nd  S.  ii.  357.  coL  1.1.  21.,/or  "  1818  "  read  "  1808." 

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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


381 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  NOVEMBER  15, 1856. 


THE   CROMWELLS   AND   OLIVER    ST.   JOHN. 

In  "  N.  &  Q."  (I'*  S.  vii.  p.  520.),  Mr.  Cross- 
let  drew  the  attention  of  your  readers  to  the 
defence  of  Chief-Justice  St.  John,  privately 
printed  for  circulation  among  the  Members  of 
the  House  of  Commons  in  June,  1660,  to  induce 
them  to  remove  his  name  from  the  list  of  those 
persons  in  the  act  of  indemnity  who  were  to 
remain  subject  to  such  pains  and 'penalties,  not 
extending  to  life,  as  might  be  determined  in  a 
future  bill.  On  June  27,  St.  John  tendered  a 
petition  to  the  House  to  alter  their  decision  of 
June  13  against  him.  The  House  refused  to  re- 
ceive the  petition  ;  and  the  result  was  the  distri- 
bution of  the  pamphlet,  a  copy  of  which  I  have 
recently  presented  to  the  British  Museum ;  it  was 
known  to  Godwin,  and  contains  the  strongest  and 
best  statement  of  St.  John's  conduct,  and  of  the 
coolness  between  him  and  Cromwell  after  the 
adoption  of  the  Instrument  of  Government. 

The  connection  of  St.  John  with  the  Cromwell 
family  commenced  at  an  earlier  period  than  is 
generally  supposed ;  and  through  the  kindness  of 
Mr.  Staines  Brocket  Brocket,  I  am  able  to  send  you 
extracts  from  the  register  of  High  Laver,  Essex, 
which  will  give  information  not  heretofore  known. 

Oliver  St.  John  was  three  times  married.  His 
first  wife,  Jolianna,  was  great-grand-daughter  of 
Sir  Henry  Cromwell  of  Hinchinbrooke.  (Joane, 
daughter  of  Sir  Henry,  married  Sir  Francis  Bar- 
rington :  their  daughter  Elizabeth  married  Sir 
James  Altham,  whose  sole  child  was  St.  John's 
first  wife.)  Tlie  date  of  the  marriage  I  cannot 
discover,  but  the  first  child's  baptism  thus  appears  : 

"  Joan  S«  John,  daughter  of  Oliver  S*  John,  Esquier, 
and  Joan  hys  wife,  baptized  thee  27*  day  of  Januarie, 
•  Anno  Domini  1630." 

This  daughter  was  subsequently  married  to  Sir 
Walter  St.  John  of  Battersea ;  is  highly  praised  by 
Simon  Patrick,  her  chaplain  (afterwards  Bishop 
of  Chichester,  and  then  of  Ely),  in  his  Aiitohio- 
graphy,  and  in  his  dedication  o£ Hearfs  Ease;  and 
was  grandmother  of  Lord  Bolingbroke. 

St.  John,  therefore,  was  already  allied  to  Hamp- 
den when,  in  Nov.  1629,  with  the  Duke  of  Bed- 
ford, Cotton,  Selden,  and  James,  he  was  prose- 
cuted in  the  Star  Chamber. 

This  first  wife  died  after  the  birth  of  their 
fourth  child,  William,  in  1637.  Her  mother  had 
taken  for  her  second  husband  Sir  William  Ma- 
sham  of  Otes,  in  High  Laver ;  and  to  show  that 
St.  John's  second  marriage  met  with  the  approval 
of  his  first  wife's  relatives,  it  took  place  at  their 
parish  church  ;  the  entry  being  — 

"  Mr.  Oliver  Seniohn  and  Elizabeth  Cromwell  marled, 
Jan.  21, 1638." 


She  was  daughter  and  co-heiress  of  Henry 
Cromwell  of  Upwood  ;  and  to  this  Mrs.  St.  John, 
whilst  staying  with  the  Mashams  at  Otes,  Oliver' 
Cromwell  addressed  the  letter  dated  October  13, 
1638,  printed  by  Thurloe  (vol.  i.  p.  1.),  and  by 
Carlyle  (vol.  i.  p.  141.).  She  had  one  son,  Oliver, 
and  one  daughter,  Elizabeth,  married  to  Sir  John 
Barnard  of  Brampton. 

Of  St.  John's  third  wife,  all  that  has  been  stated  is, 
that  she  was  widow  of  "  one  Cockcroft,  a  merchant 
of  London  ;"  and  it  has  been  implied,  that  money 
was  the  Chief- Justice's  attraction.  She  was,  how- 
ever, a  lady  of  eminence  among  the  Puritan  party. 
She  was  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Daniel  Oxenbridge/ 
of  Christ's  Church,  Oxford,  M.D.,  of  Daventry, 
and  then  of  London,  by  his  wife  Elizabeth  Harby 
(maternally  descended  from  the  Throgmortons, 
and  so  from  Edw.  IH.)  ;  and  her  grandfather  was 
John  Oxenbridge,  B.D.  of  Southam,  and  next  of 
Coventry,  "the  preacher"  who  subscribed  the 
Book  of  Discipline,  and  with  Paget  was  one  of 
the  main  causes  of  the  disturbances  in  Warwick- 
shire in  June,  1576  (Strype's  Grindal,  vol.  ii.  c.  7. 
p.  320. ;  Brook's  Puritans,  vol.  iii.  p.  510. ;  Neale, 
vol.  i.  p.  387.).  She  was,  therefore,  sister  of  the 
celebrated  Nonconformist  Fellow  of  Eton,  John 
Oxenbridge,  of  whom  Cotton  Mather  (book  iii.  p. 
221.)  speaks  as  dying  whilst  in  the  pastoral  charge 
of  the  first  church  in  Boston,  Mass. ;  and  also  of 
Clement  Oxenbridge,  who  was,  in  1652,  a  com- 
missioner for  relief  upon  articles  of  war ;  and  of 
Katherine,  the  wife  of  the  Parliamentary  General, 
Philip  Skippon.  Her  first  husband,  Caleb  Cock- 
croft, was  buried  at  St.  Stephen's,  Coleman  Street, 
March  7,  1645  ;  and  after  St.  John's  death,  Dec. 
31,  1673,  she  also  was  married  a  third  time;  her 
last  husband  being  Sir  Humphrey  Sydenham  of 
Chilworthy,  near  Ilminster :  there  she  died,  March 
1,  1679-80,  and  was  buried  at  Combe  St.  Nicho- 
las, without  having  had  any  child. 

Justice  has  not  been  done  to  Chief- Justice  St. 
John  by  any  biographer.  I  could  produce  strong 
evidence  to  disprove  the  assertion  that  he  died 
"disgracefully  rich;"  but  I  will  not  anticipate 
Mr.  Foss's  Life,  in  his  Judges. 

And  now  for  my  Query  :  —  Oliver  St.  John,  the 
son  by  Elizabeth  Cromwell,  married  Elizabeth 
Harvey,  and  was  living  at  Tonrogee  in  Ireland 
in  1681  :  did  he  leave  any  descendants  ?  and  if 
so,  are  any  now  alive,  and  where  ? 

Wm.  Durrani  CoorEH. 
81.  Guilford  Street,  Russell  Square. 


SANGAREE,  ORIGIN    OF    THE   NAME. 

No  satisfactory  derivation  of  the  word  San- 
garee  (the  refreshing  cup  of  wine  mixed  with 
lime  juice  and  spices,  much  resorted  to  in  tropical 
lands,)  has,  I  believe,  yet  been  given.    I  suspect 


382 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2ndg.  N0  46.,  Nov.  15. '56. 


that  its  origin  is  to  be  found  in  the  celebrated 
"  Sangreal,"  an  admirable  Note  on  which  appears 
in  the  first  volume  of  "  N.  &  Q." 

I  must  briefly  give  the  substance  of  this  Note  : 
—  in  Scott's  Marmion,  introduction  to  canto  first, 
are  these  lines : 

"  A  sinful  man  and  unconfessed, 
He  sought  the  Sangreal's  holy  quest." 
To  this  is  appended  a  note,  referring  to  the  my- 
thic Arthur  and  his  round  table.  He  relates,  that 
on  one  occasion,  when  this  prince  and  his  knights 
were  carousing,  the  Sangreal,  the  identical  vessel 
out  of  which  the  last  passover  was  eaten,  and 
which  had  been  long  concealed  from  human  eyes, 
suddenly  appeared  to  the  assembled  guests.  Sis- 
mondi.  Lit.  South  of  Europe,  gives  the  parti- 
culars of  this  Provencal  legend :  in  which  the 
Sangreal  is  mentioned  as  the  cup  out  of  which  the 
Messiah  drank  at  his  crucifixion,  so  called  from 
sanguis  realis. 

Now  my  grounds  for  suspecting  that  Sangaree 
may  have  originated  in  the  Sangreal  are  as 
follow :  — 

1.  The  language  of  the  Troubadours  tended,  in 
its  decay,  rather  to  Spain  than  to  France.  In  the 
former  country,  the  absurd  legends  of  the  age 
found,  in  the  genius  of  the  people,  a  soil  better 
calculated  to  obtain  a  lasting  existence  than  it 
could  elsewhere. 

That  the  word  Sangaree  has  come  from  Spain 
to  the  West  Indies  is  very  probable,  from  the 
fact  that  it  does  not  appear  in  any  French  dic- 
tionary (known  to  me),  though  it  does  in  those 
of  the  Spanish  language.  The  profane  habit  of 
the  Spanish  people  of  mixing  sacred  matters  with 
things  common,  suggests  the  probability  of  the 
friendly  cup  of  hospitality  receiving  this  appel- 
lation. 

Aged  persons  of  intelligence  in  the  West  Indies 
inform  me,  that  in  the  golden  age  of  their  lands, 
it  was  customary,  after  breakfast,  to  place  on  the 
sideboard  a  large  cup  (what  a  temptation  to  use 
the  word  chalice?),  filled  with  this  spiced  wine, 
for  each  person  to  drink  bVe  Ovixhs  eirte ;  and  that 
the  vessel  was  commonly  called  the  Sangaree 
bowl. 

Sully,  in  his  Memoirs,  makes  mention  of  a 
favourite  oath  or  exclamation  of  Henry  IV.  of 
France,  namely,  "ventre  St.  Grisr"  the  origin  or 
meaning  of  the  phrase  was,  I  believe  (I  quote 
from  memory),  unknown  to  Sully.  When  we  call 
to  mind  that  Henry's  kingdom  of  Nav.irre  was 
itself  the  seat  of  the  Troubadours,  and  that  a 
monarch  of  Navarre  was  one  of  this  body,  it  is 
most  probable  that  Henry  was  well  acquainted 
with  their  writings,  and  that  his  St.  Gris  was  no 
other  than  the  St.  Greal.  The  initial  word  ventre 
puzzles  me,  but  it  may  refer  to  the  obese  dimen- 
sions of  the  vessel.  Mr.  Breen  could,  no  doubt, 
throw  some  light  on  this  matter.  J.  P. 


CHURCHING  PLACE. 

In  most  parishes  women  to  be  churched  sit  in 
their  own  pews.  In  other  places  there  is  a  pew 
called  the  churching-pew ;  in  others,  an  open  seat 
called  the  churching-seat ;  and  in  some  few  places 
in  the  West  of  England,  as  at  Dodington,  near 
Bridgewater,  the  woman  has  a  seat  near  the  Com- 
munion Table. 

The  following  rubrics  occur  in  the  Liturgies  : 

1549.  "  The  woman  shall  come  into  the  church,  and 
there  shall  kneel  down  in  some  convenient  place  nigh 
unto  the  quire  door." 

1552,  1559,  1604.  "  The  woman  shall  come  into  the 
church,  and  then  shall  kneel  down  in  some  convenient 
place  nigh  unto  the  place  where  the  table  standeth." 

1662.  "The  woman,  at  the  usual  time  after  her  dc- 
liverj'-,  shall  come  into  the  church  decently  apparelled, 
and  there  shall  kneel  down  in  some  convenient  place  as 
hath  been  accustomed,  or  as  the  ordinary  shall  direct." 

The  Scottish  Service-book  of  1637  has  the 
second  of  these  rubrics,  but  styling  "  the  table  " 
"  the  Lord's  Table." 

It  appears  from  a  Manuale  in  tisum  Sarum  (a 
book  of  the  offices),  now  in  the  library  of  the 
Ptev.  E.  B.  Warren,  the  rector  of  St.  Mary's,  Marl- 
borough, that  before  the  Protestant  Reformation, 
the  churching  of  women  took  place  in  the  church 
porch,  as  the  rubric  states  it  to  be,  "  ante  ostium 
ecclesie"  [before  the  church  door].  And  at  its 
conclusion  is  the  following  rubric  : 

"  Tunc  aspergant  mulierem  aqua  benedicta :  deinde  in- 
ducat  earn  sacerdos  per  manum  dexteram  in  ecclesiam, 
dicens,"  [Then  they  sprinkle  the  woman  with  holy 
water:  afterwards  the  priest  leads  her  by  the  right 
hariU  into  the  church,  saj-ing],  "  Ingredere  in  templum 
Dei  vt  habeas  vitam  eternam :  et  viuas  in  secula  secu- 
lorum.  Amen."  [Enter  into  the  temple  of  God,ij  that 
thou  mayest  have  eternal  life:  and  live  for  ever  and 
ever.    Amen.  ] 

It  is  worthy  of  observation,  that  in  the  same 
book,  that  part  of  the  marriage  service  which  is 
now  directed  to  be  performed  "  in  the  body  of 
the  church,"  is  there  directed  to  be  performed 
"  ante  ostium  ecclesie"  [before  the  church  door]  ; 
and  that  instead  of  the  present  rubric  before  the 
128th  Psalm,  as  to  "going  to  the  Lord's  table," 
the  direction  is  "  Hie  intrent  ecclesiam  vsq.  ad 
gradum  altaris."  [Here  they  enter  the  church  up 
to  the  step  of  the  altar.] 

I  would  suggest  that  "N.  &  Q."  would  have 
great  additional  value,  if  the  contributors  of  Notes 
(Queries  do  not  signify)  would  give  their  names. 

In  a  late  Number  (p.  333.)  some  most  curious 
books  are  referred  to,  as  "  in  ray  possession,"  and 
the  writer  signs  by  initials.  How  much  better  if 
he  gave  his  name.  And  information,  with  the 
name  of  a  good  antiquary  attached  to  it,  can  be 
quoted  in  other  works,  as  "  it  is  stated  by  Mr. 
(ireaves,"  or  "  Mr.  Bernhard  Smith,"  and  the 
like.  F.  A.  Carrington. 


iod  S.  N»  4G.,  Nov.  15.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


383 


THE  TESTON. 

In  his  excellent  little  work,  Things  Not  Gene- 
rally  Known,  Mr.  Timbs  states  that  the  small 
silver  coin  called  a  teston  was  so  much  reduced  in 
the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.,  that  it  did  not  repre- 
sent at  that  time  more  than  one-fourth  of  its 
original  value  of  \2d.  As  a  proof  of  the  exces- 
sive debasement  it  had  undergone,  I  am  glad  to 
have  it  in  my  power  to  furnish  Mr.  Timbs  and 
yourself  with  a  correct  copy  of  the  following, 
which  was  issued  on  April  10,  in  the  2nd  year  of 
the  reign  of  Edward  VI.,  and  is  entitled  "  A  Pro- 
clamacion  for  the  Callyng  in  of  Testons." 

"  Where  as  it  is  come  to  the  knowledge  of  our  soue- 
raigne  Lorde  the  kynges  Maiestie,  what  fraude  and  cor- 
rupeion,  hath  of  late  tyme  been  vsed,  in  the  falsyng  of 
his  highnes  coyne,  nowe  currant,  specially  of  the  peces  of 
xii.  D.  comonly  named  Testons,  by  reason  that  the  same 
sort  of  coyne,  for  the  greatnes  and  facilitee  of  counter- 
faictyng,  hath  the  rather  giuen  occasion,  to  diuerse  eiuill 
persones,  to  stampe  or  caste  peces  of  the  same  forme  and 
bignes,  in  greate  multitude,  the  practizers  whereof  (as  is 
knowen)  are  not  onely  menne  here  dwellj'ng,  but  also  for 
the  moste  parte  haue  been  straungers,  dwelling  in  forain 
partes,  who  haue  found  the  meanes  to  conueigh  priuely, 
and  disperce  the  said  counterfeict  peces  abrode,  in  his 
maiesties  dominions,  to  the  greate  deceipt  and  detriment 
of  his  liignes  moste  louyng  Subiectes,  which  haue  re- 
cieued  the  same:  His  maiestie  therefore  myndyng  the 
due  reformacion  hereof,  and  to  preuent  the  like  practice 
hereafter,  by  the  aduise  and  assent  of  his  derest  vncle, 
the  lorde  Protector,  and  others  of  his  counsaill,  doetli  will 
and  commaunde,  that  from  the  last  day  of  December  next 
commyng,  after  the  date  hereof  the  saied  coyne  or  peces 
of  xii.  D.  commonly  named  Testons,  shal  no  more  be 
currant,  within  any  of  his  highnes  realmes  or  dominions, 
bu(^bee  taken  onely  for  Bullion.  And  further  straightly 
chargeth  and  commaundeth  al  singuler  his  highnes  sub- 
iectes, and  others  whatsoeuer,  beyng  within  any  his 
maiesties  saied  realmes  or  dominions,  that  from  the  said 
last  dale  of  December,  thei  or  any  of  theim,  shall  not 
vtter,  or  receiue  in  paiment,  any  of  the  said  Testons,  as 
his  highnes  coyne  currant.  And  also,  his  hignes  by  the 
aduise  aforesaid,  willeth  and  commaundeth,  that  no  ma- 
ner  of  persone  or  persones,  after  the  saied  last  dale  of 
December,  shall  buye  or  amasse,  into  his  or  their  handes, 
any  of  the  said  Testes  for  a  peculier  gain  to  be  had  thereof, 
to  hym  or  theim  wardes,  vpon  pein  of  forfeicture. 

"  Neuertheles,  his  hignes  most  gracious  clemencie, 
tenderyng  his  subiectes  and  others  interestes,  whiche  by 
lawful!  meanes  dooe  possesse  the  saied  Testons,  as  their 
proper  goodes,  and  for  advoyding  of  the  losse,  whiche 
Otherwise  thei  should  sustein  hereby;  is  pleased,  and 
doth  ordein  by  the  aduise  aforesaid,' that  euery  persone 
or  persons,  so  hauyng  and  possessyng  the  said  testons, 
beyng  of  his  hignes  iust  standarde,  shall  and  male  bryng 
or  send  the  same,  to  the  Officers  of  any  of  his  Maiesties 
Mintes,  where  in  exchaunge  shalbe  deliuei'ed  vnto  him 
or  them  the  iust  value  and  recompence  thereof,  as  thei  be 
now  currat,  either  in  grotes  or  other  his  highnes  coynes, 
accordyngly." 

Henry  EIensington. 


which  I  believe  to  be  the  first  edition,  bears  no 
date.     It  has  the  following  title : 

"  A  full  and  true  Account  of  a  horrid  and  barbarous 
Revenge  by  Poison  on  the  Body  of  Mr.  Edmund  Curll, 
Bookseller,  with  a  faithful  Copy  of  his  last  Will  and  Tes- 
tament.   Publish'd  by  an  Eye  Witness. 

"  So  when  Curll's  Stomach  the  strong  Drench  o'ercamo 
(Infused  in  Vengeance  of  Insulted  Fame), 
Th'  Avenger  sees  with  a  delighted  Eye, 
His  long  Jaws  open,  and  his  Colour  fly ; 
And  while  his  Guts  the  keen  Emeticks  urge, 
Smiles  on  the  Vomit,  and  enjoys  the  Purge, 

Sold  by  J.  Roberts,  J.  Morphew,  R.  Burleigh,  J.  Baker, 
and  S.  Popping.    Price  Three-pence."     [Fol.] 

On  comparing  this  with  the  "  Account,"  as  it 
stands  in  Bowles's  Pope,  I  find,  among  other  vari- 
ations, the  following :  — 

After  the  words,  "  settling  the  title-page  of"  — 
Wicqueforfs  Ambassador. 

After,  "  he  takes  no  copy-money,"  the  following 
passage : 

"  The  Book  of  the  Conduct  of  the  Earl  of  N m  is  yet 

unpublished;  as  you  are  to  have  the  profit  of  it,  Mr.  Pem- 
berton,  you  are  to  run  the  risk  of  the  Resentments  of  all  that 
noble  Family.  Indeed,  I  caused  the  Author  to  assert  several 
things  in  it  as  facts  which  are  only  idle  Stories  of  the 
Town ;  because  I  thought  it  would  make  the  Book  sell.  Do 
you  pay  the  Author  for  the  Copy-money,  and  the  printer 

and  publisher.  1  heartily  beg  God's  and  my  L — d  N ?»'s 

pardon  ;  but  all  trades  must  live." 

W.  M.  T. 


Edmund  Curll  (2"'^  S.  ii.  321.)  — I  have  before 
me  another  publication  in  which  Curll  was  en- 
gaged, thQ  first  year  of  his  entering  business  : 

"  The  Memoirs  of  the  Marquis  de  Langallerie.  London : 
printed  for  R.  Burrough  and  F.  Baker,  at  the  '  Sun  and 
Moon,'  in  Cornhill ;  E.  Curll,  at  the  '  Peacock '  without 
Temple  Bar ;  and  E.  Sanger,  in  Fleet  Street.     1708." 

In  this  instance  he  does  not  appear  so  closely 
allied  with  E.  Sanger,  as  in  the  case  of  the  Lutrin, 
published  in  the  same  year,  as  mentioned  in  "  N". 
&  Q,"  (2"'i  S.  ii.  302.)^  I  presume  that  it  is  im- 
possible to  say  which  of  the  two  books  was  pub- 
lished first.  Henry  T.  Riley. 


CURLIANA. 


CURLIANA. 

7'he   Poisoning.  —  This   story  was,    I  believe, 
published  in  1716  ;  although  the  copy  before  me, 


Edmund  Curll ;  R.  FrancMin ;  Nicholas  Am- 
hurst  (2"'"  S.  ii.  321.) — It  would  appear  that 
Francklin,  like  most  of  his  fellow  men,  became 
alienated,  in  the  course  of  a  few  years,  from  his 
qtiondam  master,  Edmund  Curll. 

Although  Nicholas  Amhurst,  the  author  of 
Terrce  Filius,  was  a  favourite  protege  of  Franck- 
lin, he  would  hardly  have  allowed  the  coarse  but 
witty  Oxonian  to  speak  so  disrespectfully  of  Curll, 
as  we  find  him  doing,  had  he  himself  retained  the 
slightest  good  feeling  towards  Curll. 

In  vol.  i.  p.  142.  of  the  TerrcB  Filius  (edit. 
1726),  published  by  Francklin  himself,  Curll  is 
satii'ised  as  being  the  publisher  of  the  efi'uslons  of 
the  "Oxford  Poetical  Club," — a  body  presided 


384 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  46.,  Nov.  15.  '56. 


over,  according  to  Amhurst,  by  Thomas  Warton, 
the  Professor  of  Poetry ;  and  upon  the  several 
members  of  which  he  is  very  severe. 
He  concludes  No.  26.  with  these  words : 

"  I  forgot  to  take  notice,  that  Mr.  Grovesnour,  Secre- 
tary of  the  Club,  was  ordered  to  return  Mr.  Curll  a  letter 
of  thanks,  in  the  name  of  the  members,  for  his  kind 
present  of  an  excellent  book,  intituled, '  Voluptates  Concu- 
bitus,  sive,  Lusus  nocturni  Veneris;  and  desire  him  to 
print  the  said  letter," 

I  have  preferred  giving  the  title  in  Latin,  in- 
stead of  the  coarse  English  of  the  original.  Had 
this  "  Oxford  Poetical  Club"  any  real  existence? 
And  did  Curll  publish  a  book  with  this  title, — in 
English,  I  mean  ?  Henrt  T.  Rilet. 


Books  published  hy  Curll.  —  Your  correspon- 
dent S.  N.  M.  would  seem  to  have  access  to  a 
large  number  of  the  volumes  issued  by  this  no- 
torious publisher.  Allow  me  to  suggest  that  he 
would  be  doing  a  very  useful  work,  if,  from  the 
books  in  his  possession,  and  the  lists  at  the  end  of 
them,  he  would  make  up  a  Bihliotheca  Curliana. 
Many  of  Curll's  publications  were  doubtless  very 
worthless,  many  (though  perhaps  fewer  than  are 
supposed)  were  of  an  immoral  character,  but  many 
are  well  calculated  to  throw  light  upon  the  literary 
and  political  history  of  the  time ;  and  a  list  of  them 
could  not  but  prove  useful  to  inquirers  of  many 
classes.  Bookworm. 


MAYOKS'    FEASTS. 

Having  lately  met  with  the  following  bill  of 
fare  among  some  old  and  curious  books,  and 
knowing  that  it  will  be  better  preserved  in  "  N. 
&  Q.,"  and  thinking  that  some  of  your  many  cor- 
respondents would  be  pleased  to  see  it,  —  it  being 
a  striking  contrast  (both  in  the  amount  of  cost 
and  "the  delicacies  of  the  season")  between  the 
mayors'  feasts  given  in  the  reign  of  Queen  Eliza- 
beth and  those  given  by  the  various  mayors  in 
the  reign  of  our  present  Queen  Victoria,  as  well 
as  a  specimen  of  the  eloquence  of  one  of  the 
wealthy  citizens  of  Norwich  in  1561,  — I  send  it 
for  insertion  in  "  N.  &  Q. :  " 

"  A  Copy  of  the  original  Bill  of  Fare  of  an  extraor- 
dinary feast  given  by  William  Mingay,  Esq.,  on  his  being 
elected  a  second  time  Mayor  of  Norwich,  in  the  fourth 
year  of  the  reign  of  Queea  Elizabeth,  1561,  who  upon 
that  occasion  entertained  the  Duke  of  Norfolk,  the  Lords, 
Knights,  and  gentry'  of  the  County ;  also,  the  speech  of 
Mr.  Johnny  Martin,  a  wealthy  citizen,  at  the  dinner, 
after  grace  was  said. 


8  stone  of  beef,  14  lb.  to  the  stone 

4  collars  brawn,  at  4d. 

4  geese,  at  4c/.       - 

8  pints,  butter       -  -  - 

A  fore  quarter  veal 

A  hind  quarter  ditto 

2  legs  mutton,  at  3d. 


s. 

d. 

5 

4 

1 

4 

1 

4 

1 

6 

0 

10 

1 

0 

0 

6 

Loyn  of  mutton    -  -  - 

Shoulder  of  veal   -  -  - 

Breast  and  coast  muttpn  - 
Six  plovers,  at  •2c?. 
14  brace  partridges 
12  couple  rabbits 

2  guinea  pigs  -  -  . 
8  fowles,  at  3d.  -  -  - 
12  mallards,  at  3d 

3  dozen  eggs,  at  4d. 

2  bushels  flour,  at  9d. 
16  loaves  white  bread 
18  loaves  wheaten  do. 

3  ditto  maslin  do. 

1  barrel  strong  beer 
1  barrel  small  ditto 

1  quarter  wood  .  -  - 
Nutmegs,  mace,  cinnamon,  and  greens 

4  lb.  Barbary  sugar 
Fruits  and  almonds 
12  doz.  oranges  at  3d. 
Sweet  water  and  perfumes 

2  gallons  white  wine 

2  ditto  claret         -  -  - 

1  gallon  sack        -  -  - 

1  ditto  malmsey    -  -  - 

1  ditto  bustard  ditto 
1  ditto  muscadine 


"  Maister  Mayor,  and  may  it  please  your  worship,  you 
have  feasted  us  this  day  like  a  King.  God  bless  the 
Queen's  grace !  We  have  fed  plentiful!}',  and  now  whillom 
I  can  speak  plain  English,  I  heartily  thank  you,  Maister 
Mayor,  and  so  we  do  all ;  answer,  boys,  answer,  '  Bravo, 
Bravo ! '  Your  beer  is  pleasant,  and  potent,  and  will  soon 
catch  us  by  the  caput,  and  stop  our  manners.  And  so 
huzza  for  the  Queen's  Majesty's  Grace,  and  all  her  b^nny 
browed  dames  of  honour !  Huzza  for  Maister  Mayor,  and 
our  good  dame  Mayoress ;  huzza  for  his  noble  grace  of 
Norfolk,  there  he  sits,  God  save  him ;  huzza  for  all  this 
jolly  company,  and  all  our  friends  round  the  county,  who 
have  a  penny  in  their  purse,  and  an  English  heart  in 
their  bellies,  to  keep  out  Spanish  dons  and  Papists  with 
their  faggots  to  burn  our  wiskers!  Handle  your  jugs, 
shove  it  about,  trout  your  caps,  and  huzza  for  Maister 
Mayor,  their  Worships,  and  all  this  jolly  company." 

The  present  Mayor  of  Southampton  has  been 
elected  four  times  to  the  civic  chair.  Has  any 
lord  mayor  of  London,  or  any  other  of  the  pro- 
vincial mayors,  been  elected  more  than  three 
times  ?  T.  J. 

Southampton. 


- 

0 

6 

- 

0 

6 

- 

0 

7 

- 

1 

0 

- 

7 

0 

. 

2 

0 

. 

1 

8 

- 

2 

0 

. 

3 

0 

- 

1 

0 

. 

1 

6 

- 

0 

4 

- 

0 

9 

- 

0 

3 

- 

2 

6 

- 

1 

0 

- 

2 

2 

- 

0 

3 

- 

1 

6 

- 

0 

7 

. 

3 

0 

- 

0 

4 

. 

1 

0 

- 

1 

0 

- 

3 

0 

. 

1 

8 

- 

1 

0 

- 

1 

0 

£2 

13 

11 

NOTE    ON    TBAFAIiGAR. 

Lord  Nelson's  well-known  valet,  Tom  Allen, 
lived  for  some  time  close  to  me,  he  being  then 
retained  in  the  service  of  Sir  William  Bolton.  I 
met  Tom  almost  every  day  in  my  walks,  and  often 
got  into  chat  with  him  about  his  brave  and  noble 
master.  Lord  Nelson,  Among  other  things,  I 
spoke  of  his  wearing  his  decorations  at  Trafiilgar. 
Now  Tom,  who  had  been  with  him  in  so  many 
other  engagements,  was  by  mere  accident  pre- 


2nd  s.  No  46.,  Nov,  15.  '56. 


:!^ 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


385 


vented  from  arriving  in  time  on  that  last  me- 
morable occasion,  having  left  London  after  his 
lordship,  and  not  arriving  till  the  battle  was  over, 
and  his  master's  career  of  glory  brought  to  a 
brilliant  close.  But  it  may  be  amusing  to  re- 
cord Tom's  opinion  and  observations.  He  said, 
"  I  never  told  anybody  that  if  I  had  been  there, 
Lord  Nelson  would  not  have  been  killed ;  but 
this  I  have  said,  and  say  again,  that  if  I  had  been 
there,  he  should  not  have  put  on  that  coat.  He 
would  mind  me  like  a  child ;  and  when  I  found 
him  bent  upon  wearing  his  finery  before  a  battle,  I 
always  prevented  him."  "  Tom,"  he  would  say, 
"  I'll  fight  the  battle  in  my  best  coat."  "  No,  my 
Lord,  you  shaun't."  "  Why  not,  Tom?"  "  Why, 
my  Lord,  you  fight  the  battle  first ;  and  then  I'll 
dress  you  up  in  all  your  stars  and  garters,  and 
you'll  look  something  like."  Thus  poor  old  faith- 
ful Tom  Allen  gave  himself  credit  for  having 
saved  his  master's  life  by  his  rigid  discipline  in 
attire  on  former  occasions ;  and  it  was  evident 
that  he  was  of  opinion  that  he  should  have  saved 
it  once  more  at  Trafalgar. 

Tom's  accounts  of  other  memorable  events  of 
Nelson's  life  were  given  with  equal  naivete.  His 
old  age  was  rendered  comfortable  in  Greenwich 
Hospital,  where  he  held  the  office  of  pewterer  till 
his  death.  F.  C.  H. 


Minax  3otti, 

Rev.  Joseph  Mendham.  —  Joseph  Mendham,  of 
Sutton  Coldfield,  Warwickshire :  St.  Edmund  Hall, 
Oxford,  B.A.  1792  ;  M.A.  1795  ;  Deacon,  1793  ; 
Priest,  1794.  The  following  is  a  list  of  his 
works :  — 

"An  Exposition  of  the  Lord's  Prayer,  with  Notes  Criti- 
cal and  Illustrative.     8vo.     1803. 
"  Clavis  Apostolica,  or  Key  to  the  Apostolic  Writings. 

"  Literary  Policy  of  the  Church  of  Rome,  exhibited  in 
an  Account  of  her  Damnatory  Catalogues  and  Indexes, 
both  Prohibitory  and  Expurgatory,  with  Supplements. 
1830-43." 

"  Watson,  W.  (Prisoner  in  Wisbech  Castle),  Important 
Considerations,  or  a  Vindication  of  Q.  Elizabeth  from  the 
charge  of  unjust  Severity  towards  her  Roman  Catholic 
Subjects,  printed  1601,  edited  with  a  Preface  and  Notes. 
1831." 

"  Life  and  Pontificate  of  Saint  Pius  V.,  8vo.   1832-33." 

"  Memoirs  of  the  Council  of  Trent,  principally  derived 
from  MSS.  and  Unpublished  Records,  8vo.,  with  Supple- 
ments.    1834-46." 

"Index  Librorum  Prohibitorum,  h.  Sexto  V.  Papa, 
confectus  et  publicatus;  ad  vero  a  Successoribus  ejus  in 
Scde  Romano  suppressus,  ed.  J.  Mendham.     1835." 

"  Taxe  Sacre  Penitentiarie  Apostolice,  with  an  account 
of  the  Taxffi  Cancellaria  Apostolicae,  &c.,  of  the  Church 
of  Rome.     1836." 

"  Additions  to  :  1.  The  Taxse  of  the  Church  of  Rome, 
1836.  II.  The  Venal  Indulgences,  1839.  III.  The  Index 
of  Prohibited  Books,  by  Gregory  XVI.,  1840.     1848." 

"  Venal  Indulgences  and  Pardons  of  the  Church  of 
Rome  e^Lemplified.    1839." 


"  Acta  Concilii  Tridentini,  anno  1562-3,  usque  in  finem 
Concilio  Pii  IV.  P.  M.  et  alia  multa  circa  dictum  Con- 
cilium Fragmenta,  a  Card.  Gab.  Paleotto  descripta,  edente 
J.  Mendham.     1842." 

"  Cardinal  Allen^s  Admonition  to  the  Nobility  and 
People  of  England  and  Ireland,  a.d.  1588,  reprinted,  with 
a  Preface,  by  Eupator,  with  Additions.     1842." 

"  On  the  Announced  first  Roman  edition  of  the  Greek 
New  Testament  and  Dr.  Wiseman."  (Anon.)  8vo.    1844. 

"  The  Declaration  of  the  Council  of  Trent  concerning 
the  going  into  Churches  at  such  time  as  Heretical  Ser- 
vice is  said,  or  Heresy  preached ;  edited,  with  a  Preface, 
by  Eupator.    1850." 

Tailless  Cats.  —  I  remember  that,  some  twenty 
years  ago,  there  was  a  prolific  family  of  tailless 
cats,  that,  in  a  comparatively  wild  state,  increased 
and  multiplied  in  the  vaults  under  the  chapel  of 
Clare  Hall,  Cambridge.  This  vault,  or  rather 
part  of  the  vault,  was  not  devoted  to  sepulture, 
but,  to  the  best  of  my  recollection,  was  the  repo- 
sitory of  the  college  fuel. 

How  they  had  originally  come  there  I  never 
could  learn.  They  may  possibly  have  been  im- 
ported by  some  student  from  the  Isle  of  Man. 

Henrt  T.  Riley. 

English  Letter  by  Napoleon.  —  I  have  cut  the 
following  from  the  Staffordshire  Sentinel,  deeming 
it  worthy  of  preservation  in  "  N.  &  Q. : " 

"  In  the  collection  of  Count  Las  Casas,  at  Paris,  there 
is  preserved  a  curious  document  —  an  attempt,  the  first, 
perhaps  the  only  one,  of  Napoleon  Bonaparte  to  write  in 
English.  The  sense  of  this  extraordinary  epistle  is  not 
quite  clear,  but  the  words,  as  well  as  they  can  be  de- 
ciphered, are  as  follow  :  — '  Count  las  Casas  —  since  sixt 
week  I  learn  the  English  and  I  do  not  any  progress,  six 
week  do  fourty  and  two  day  if  might  have  learn  fivty 
word  for  day  I  could  know  it  two  thousands  and  two 
hundred,  it  is  in  the  dictionary  more  of  fourty  thousand 
even  he  could  must  twenty  bout  much  oftenn  for  know  it 
ov  hundred  and  twenty  week  which  do  more  two  years, 
after  this  you  shall  agree  that  to  study  one  tongue  is  a 
great  labour,  who  it  must  do  in  the  young  aged.  Lor- 
wood  (Longwood)  this  morning  the  seven  March  thurds- 
day,  one  thousand  eight  hundred  sixteen  after  nativity 
the  year  Jesus  Christ.' " 

Threlkeld.; 

Cambridge. 

Solicitors.  — 

"  In  our  age,"  says  Hudson  (a  barrister  of  Gray's  Inn 
in  the  reign  of  Charles  I.),  "  there  are  stepped  up  a  new 
sort  of  people  called  Solicitors,  unknown  to  the  records  of 
the  law,  who,  like  the  grasshoppers  in  Egypt,  devour  the 
whole  land;  and  these  I  dare  say  were  express  main- 
tainers,  and  could  not  justify  their  maintenance  upon  any 
action  brought.  I  mean  not  where  a  lord  or  gentleman 
employed  his  servant  to  solicit  his  cause,  for  he  may  jus- 
tify his  doing  thereof,  but  I  mean  those  which  are  com- 
mon solicitors  of  causes ;  and  set  up  a  new  profession,  not 
being  allowed  in  any  court,  or  at  least  not  in  this  court, 
where  they  follow  causes ;  and  these  are  the  retainers  of 
causes  and  devourers  of  men's  estates  by  contention,  and 
prolonging  suits  to  make  them  without  end."  —  Treatise 
on  the  Star  Chamber. 

R.  W.  Hackwood. 


386 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[ond  s.  No  46.,  Nov.  15.  '56. 


Poetical  Wills.  —  Amongst  some  scraps,  T  find 
the  following  will  of  Mr.  Joshua  West  of  the  Six 
Clerks'  Office,  Chancery  Lane,  dated  Dec.  13, 
1804: 

"  Perhaps  I  die  not  worth  a  groat ! 

But  should  I  die  worth  something  more, 
Then  I  give  that  and  my  old  coat, 
And  all  my  manuscripts  in  store, 
To  those  who  shall  the  goodness  have 

To  cause  my  poor  remains  to  rest 
Witliin  a  decent  shell  and  grave  — 
Tliis  is  tlie  will  of  Joshua  West." 

«  J.  A.  Berrj-, 
John  Barnes." 

K.  W.  Hackw^ood. 

A  GentlemarCs  Library  in  the  Old  Times.  —  Is 
not  the  enclosed  interesting  as  a  fair  specimen  of 
a  gentleman's  library  about  the  end  of  the  six- 
teenth century  ?  It  occurs  on  the  fly-leaf  of  a 
fine  copy  of  Cicero,  Ascension  Press,  1511,  first 
capital  illuminated,  rubricated  throughout : 

"  Nomina  Libroru  Quorundam. 
Eogeri  Roos. 
Item,  a  Salluste. 
Item,  a  Cicero. 
Item,  a  Virgill. 
Item,  a  Booke  of  Alexandere. 
Nowell's  de  ReUgione  Christian^,. 
Item,  a  Greeke  grammer. 
Item,  a  Greeke  Xenophon, 
Item,  a  Mantuan. 

Item,  a  book  of  divinity  betwixt  Barnes  and  Standishe. 
Item,  a  booke  of  Erasmus  called  Copia  Verborum. 
Item,  a  logike  booke,  Dialectica  Johannis  Cassarii. 
Item,  the  Booke  of  Erasmus,  entituled  Erasmus  ad  Sa- 

pidum. 
Item,  a  Booke  of  Horace,  as  Maacenas  Atavis  sedita  re- 

gihus. 
Item,  an  English  booke  called  the  History  of  Cleominus 

and  Juliet. 

Finis  per  me  Rogeru  Roes." 

J.  C.  J. 

Hackney. 

The  Charter  Oak  of  Connecticut  (2"'»  S.  ii.  226.) 
—  It  may  gratify  your  correspondent  T.  to  be 
informed,  that  the  glorious  old  Charter  Oak  still 
lives  and  flourishes  in  a  cutting  from  the  parent 
stock.  W.  W. 

Malta. 

South  Sea  Schemes.  — 

"  Of  the  more  than  two  hundred  projects,  four  only 
have  survived ;  and  these  still  exist  in  full  vigour,  be- 
cause founded  on  good  sense  and  honest  principles :  the 
Royal  Exchange  Assurance  Company,  the  Loudon  As- 
surance Company,  the  York  Buildings  Company,  and  the 
English  Copper  Company."  —  Quarterly  Review. 

Abhba. 

Sutile  Pictures.  — This  was  the  name  given  by 
Samuel  Johnson  to  the  needlework  designs  of 
Mrs.  Knowles.  I  have  often  been  amused  with 
the  manner  in  which  the  adjective  is,  almost  in- 
variably, quoted  as  futile.    But,  on  accidentally 


looking  at  the  letters  published  by  Mrs.  Piozzi 
(17S8,_  vol.  i.  p.  326.),  I  find  that  she  herself,  or 
her  printer,  is  to  blame  for  the  mistake.  M. 


<BL\xtxizi» 


biblical  epitomes. 


I  possess  a  Latin  Vulgate  of  the  sixteenth 
century,  on  the  lower  margin  of  which  there  is, 
neatly  written,  in  Latin  elegiacs,  a  continuous 
abstract  of  the  contents  of  every  chapter  of  the 
Pentateuch,  of  the  historical  Books  of  the  Old 
Testament,  of  Isaiah,  and  of  Jeremiah  down  to 
the  26th  chapter,  where  It  ends  abruptly.  There 
are  altogether  about  2000  lines,  four  being  gene- 
rally applied  to  the  explanation  of  each  chapter. 
I  transcribe  the  lines  written  under  the  1st  chapter 
of  Genesis  : 

"  Condidit  e  nihilo  Dominus  mare,  sidera,  terram : 
Et  certis  fecit  legibus  ire  vices. 
Hinc  hominem  formans,  illi  benedicit :  et  hujus 
Imperium  pariter  cuncta  timere  jubet." 

Perhaps  some  correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q."  may 
be  able  from  this  specimen  to  tell  me,  whether 
the  whole  manuscript  Is  a  copy  of  some  popular 
printed  aid  to  the  memory  of  the  biblical  student, 
like  the  memorial  hexameters  (prefixed  to  early 
editions  of  the  Vulgate),  giving  a  single  catch- 
word only  for  every  chapter  of  the  whole  Bible, 
e.g.  Gen.  i. : 

12  3  4  5  6  7 

"  Sex,  prohibet,  peccat,  Abel,  Enoch,  et  Archa  fit,  intrat  :'Jj 
or  like  the  Recapitulatio  utriusque  Testamenti  of 
Petrus  de  Riga,  in  the  twelfth  century,  from  the 
first  chapter  of  which  he  excludes  the  letter  A, 
from  the  second  B,  and  so  on  through  the  whole 
alphabet.  In  English,  we  have  Henoch  Clapham's 
Brief  of  the  Bible's  Historie,  William  AInsworth's 
(of  Chester)  Medulla  Bibliotnim,  and,  it  may  be, 
many  others.  Indeed,  an  interesting  Note  might 
be  written  upon  these  metrical  assistances  to  the 
study  of  the  Scriptures.  Philobiblus. 


SISTER    OF    THOMAS    A    BECKET. 

Is  it  known  that  Thomas  a  Becket  had  a  sister 
who,  after  his  murder,  was  pensioned  by  the 
crown  ?  *  On  searching  the  early  Pipe  Rolls  for 
Kent,  the  following  entries  (in  the  Corpus  Corni- 
tutus)  of  payments  by  the  sheriff  attracted  my 
notice,  as  containing  new  and  interesting  inform- 
ation. 

20  H.  2. 1174.  «  Et  Roheisie  sorori  S'  Thome,  xxxiij'." 

21  H.  2.  1175.  "Et  Roheisie  sorori  S'  Thome,  vj»  xiij» 

iiij'i." 

22  H.  2.  1176.  "  Et  Roheisie  sorori  S'  Thome,  xi"  de  ele- 


*  For  particulars  of  his  sister  Mari/,  see  "N.  &  Q."  1"' 
S.  X.  486. 


2ad  s.  No  46.,  Nov.  15.  *56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


387 


mosina    Eegis   in    molendino  de  Can- 
tuaria." 
These  entries  regularly  appear   in  each   suc- 
cessive year  down  to  30  H.  2.,  after  which  her  son 
seems  to  have  been  admitted  to  a  share  in  the 
pension.     The  next  entry  .being  — 

31  II.  2.  "  Et  Roheisie  et  Johanni  filio  suo,  nepoti  S. 

Tome,  xi"  de  elemosina  Regis  in  molendino 

Cantuarie." 
Soon  after  which  Roheisia  seems  to  have  died;  for 
in  34  II.  2.  the  entry  is,  — 

«  Et  Johanni  filio  Roheisie  Sororis  Sancti  Tome,  xi^'  de 
elemosina  Regis  in  molendino  Cantuarie." 
My  search  did  not  extend  beyond  this  year; 
but  wlien  I  next  have  the  Pipe  Rolls  before  me, 
I  will  follow  up  the  history  of  this  pension,  and 
transmit  to  you  the  result.  L.  B.  L. 


Minat  <!h\itviti. 

Boger  de  Wahevfelde.  —  In  note  C  2.  to  Scott's 
Lord  of  the  Isles  I  find  the  following  : 

"  Many  clerks  and  esquires  were  also  there  slain  and 
taken.  Roger  d'Northbrage,  Keeper  of  the  King's  Signet, 
was  made  prisoner  with  his  two  clerks — Roger  de  Waken- 
felde  and  Thomas  de  Swinton  —  upon  which  the  king 
caused  a  seal  to  be  made,  and  entitled  it  his  privy  seal,  to 
distinguish  the  same  from  the  signet  so  lost." 

I  have  searched  high  and  low  to  ascertain  some 
particulars  respecting  Roger  de  Wahenfelde,  but 
have  failed;  and  therefore  at  last  beg  to  apologise 
for  troubling  you,  the  receptacle  of  all  manner  of 
information.  I  am  anxious  to  know  where  I  can 
obtain  information  respecting  him,  and  if  possible 
the  arms  he  bore  (I  refer  to  heraldic  arms).     E.  C. 

Hogarth's  "  Country  Inn  Yard."  —  In  this  pic- 
ture there  are  represented,  sitting  on  the  outside 
of  the  Ilford  stage,  an  English  sailor  and  a  French 
lacquey.  Now  as  the  top  of  the  coach  is  rounded, 
or  elliptical,  like  a  segment  of  an  egg  in  shape, 
and  without  any  rails  at  the  edges,  I  am  curious 
to  know  how  persons  could  possibly  retain  their 
seats  in  such  a  position,  and  by  what  contrivance 
they  managed  to  "hold  on."  I  presume  that  this 
is  a  fair  specimen  of  the  stage  coaches  at  that 
period.  Henry  T.  Riley. 

Doily.  —  In  The  Spectator,  No.  283.,  it  is  men- 
tioned that  "  the  famous  Doily  is  still  fresh  in 
every  one's  memory,  who  raised  a  fortune  by 
finding  out  materials  for  such  stuffs  as  might  at 
once  be  cheap  and  genteel."  Is  it  from  this  man 
that  the  small  cloths  laid  at  dessert  are  called 
doilies  ?  And  what  were  the  cheap  materials 
which  he  discovered  ?  F.  C.  H. 


Chinese  Inscriptions  found  in  Egypt.  —  Sir  G. 
"Wilkinson  mentions  articles  of  earthenware,  with 


Chinese  inscriptions  on  them,  being  found  in  the 
tombs  of  ancient  Egypt.  There  is  a  very  small 
phial  of  this  kind  in  Mr.  Mayer's  Museum  at 
Liverpool.  Can  any  of  your  correspondents  give 
more  detailed  particulars  as  to  these  alleged  dis- 
coveries ?  I  have  seen*(it  asserted  lately  that  they 
are  forgeries:  the  subject  is  worth  inquiring  into. 

Henry  T.  Rieet. 

Public-House  Signs :  "  The  Naked  Man."  —  In 
Skipton-in-Craven  there  is  a  public-house  hav- 
ing as  its  sign  "  The  Naked  Man."  The  sign  ori- 
ginally, I  feel  sure,  did  not  mean  a  nude  human 
figure.  There  is  in  the  wall  a  representation  of  a 
figure  about  eighteen  inches  high,  bearing  on  It 
the  date  1663,  and  the  letters  "I.  S."  What  the 
figure  is  I  cannot  tell,  but  I  enclose  you  a  rude 
sketch.  Can  you  tell  me  the  meaning  of  it,  or  if 
there  are  other  similar  signs  in  the  country  ? 

Prestonibnsis. 

Naked  Boy  Court.  — In  1700  there  was  a  court 
in  Ludgate  thus  oddly  named.  What  was  the 
origin  of  the  title  ?  Threlkbld. 

Cambridge. 

Bose  Leaves.  —  Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
inform  me  by  what  process  rose-leaves  can  be 
converted  into  black  beads  ?  from  which  I  have 
seen  some  elegant  bracelets  and  other  ornaments 
manufactured.  P.  R.  H. 

Portraits  Wanted.  — Are  there  any  portraits 
existing,  painted  or  engraved,  of  the  following 
worthies :  John  Hulse,  founder  of  the  Hulsean 
Lectures ;  Richard  Heber,  the  bibliographer ; 
Dr.  Thomas  Dod,  Dean  of  Ripon  ;  W^illiam  Steele, 
Lord  Chancellor  of  Ireland  ?  T.  Hughes. 

Chester. 

"  Harhinius  de  Cataractis,  Amstelod.,  1678 " 
(2""^  S.  ii.  116.).  —  In  a  copy  of  this  book,  in  my 
possession,  is  the  following  MS.  note :  "  A  plate 
in  page  257.  suggested  the  idea  to  the  Duke  of 
Bridgewater  on  the  subject  of  the  locks  on  canals." 

The  plate  in  question  gives  an  excellent  repre- 
sentation of  the  lock-gates  on  the  river  Brenta, 
between  Padua  and  Venice.  Can  this  assertion 
be  substantiated  ?  Henry  T.  Riley. 

Marriage,  its  first  Solemnisation  in  the  Church. — 

"  It  is  recorded  that  Pope  Innocent  III.  was  the  first 
to  decree  that  marriage  should  be  a  church  ceremony. 
Before  the  reign  of  this  Pontifi",  it  was  only  necessary  for 
the  bridegroom  to  go  in  the  presence  of  witnesses  to  the 
bride's  house,  and  lead  her  to  his  own  home." 

Can  this  be  verified  ?  W.  W. 

Malta. 

Saucer.  —  Is  not  our  word  saucer  derived  from 
the  Latin  salsarius,  a  salt-cellar  ?  In  the  time  of 
Edward  III.  one  English  name  for  a  salt-cellar 
was  sausir:   and  I  am  not  sure   that  a  sauce- 


388 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  N«  4G.,  Nov.  15.  '66. 


tureen  (for  holding  salt-seasonings)  was  not  called 
by  the  same  name.  Henry  T.  Riley. 

Draught. — In  Lincolnshire  they  lead  their  coals, 
bricks,  &c.,  or  pay  for  the  leading.  In  Leicester- 
shire they  draw  them.  In  some  of  the  southern 
counties  they  carry  them,  and  in  others  they  cart 
them.  Are  other  terms  used,  and  in  what  lo- 
calities ?  Anoh. 

Early  Rising  or  Night  Watching.  —  The  indig- 
nation of  early  risers  has  lately  been  aroused  by 
some  remarks  in  Wilsons  Essays,  written  doubt- 
less in  bad  taste.  Without  intending  to  give  the 
slightest  encouragement  to  indolence,  idleness,  or 
dissipation,  I  venture  to  assert,  that,  provided  the 
same  proportion  of  rest  be  taken,  the  hours  are 
immaterial.  Early  risers  expatiate  on  the  deli- 
cious freshness  of  the  morning  air  :  but  may  we 
not  set  against  this  the  loveliness  of  departing  day, 
and  the  charms  of  moonlight  ?  Granting,  how- 
ever, the  advantages  of  fine  summer  mornings,  it 
may  be  asked,  in  this  climate  where  are  they  ? 
Then,  if  rain  and  chilling  winds  prevent  you 
from  — 

"  Brushing  with  early  strides  the  dew  away," 

how  annoying  are  the  impurities  of  the  domestic 
atmosphere  !  The  smoke  of  newly  lighted  fires  ! 
Dust  from  rubbinw  and  scrubbing !  Damp  from 
washing  and  splashing !  What  disturbing  forces 
too  are  in  operation! — sweeping,  shaking,  brushing, 
and  banging  among  inverted  furniture,  and  minor 
moveables  displaced  and  persecuted  ! 

As  to  the  alleged  injurious  effects  of  artificial 
light,  early  risers,  be  it  remembered,  must  have  re- 
course to  it  during  a  considerable  portion  of  the 
year.  At  any  rate,  the  reflection  that  peculiarities 
of  constitution  lead  to  different  habits  ought  to 
restrain  all  asperity  in  the  discussion. 

Now  for  my  Query  :  —  Although  Sir  Walter 
wrote  his  romances  before  breakfast,  and  the  hero 
of  a  modern  novel  rose  early,  as  is  boasted,  cannot 
numbers  of  eminent  authors  be  mentioned  who 
produced  their  works  by  the  light  of  the  midnight 
oil  without  smelling  of  it  ?  C.  T. 

Fain  Play.  —  When  boys  are  playing,  they  use 
these  words,  as  indicative  of  a  truce  or  temporary 
cessation.  It  is  worth  inquiring  what  is  the  origin 
of  this  word/azM.  Has  it  anything  to  do  with  the 
French  word  faineanter,  "to  do  nothing?"  Or 
ought  it  more  properly  to  be  written /ez^.? 

Heney  T.  Riley. 

Spanish  Proverbs.  —  Could  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents inform  me  where  to  obtain  a  good  work 
on  Spanish  proverbs,  somewhat  similar  to  the  one 
in  German  by  J.  Eiselein  ?  When  in  Madrid,  a 
few  months  ago,  I  made  every  inquiry  after  a 
work  of  the  kind,  but  could  only  hear  of  a  small 
collection  of  about  200  pages,  published  by  "  D. 


Ignacio  Boix,  Calle  de  Carretas,  No.  8."  This  I 
bought;  but  it  is  so  inadequate  to  my  purpose, 
that  I  should  feel  greatly  obliged  for  the  inform- 
ation if  a  better  one  exists  ;  which  surely  must  be 
the  case  in  a  language  so  rich  in  proverbs  as  is 
the  Spanish.  James  Middlemokb. 

Griffin's  Hill,  Northfield. 

Elephants  exasperated  hy  the  Blood  of  Mul- 
berries.—Br.  Henry  More  (Fellow  of  Christ's 
College,  Cambridge,)  in  a  work  written  by  him 
(under  the  pseudonyme  of  Philophilus  Parrase- 
astes),  entitled  Enthusiasmus  Triumphatus  (1656, 
12mo.),  says,  in  the  preface  to  the  reader  : 

"  These,  I  spread  before  him  "  (his  opponent  Mastix, 
who  was  Vaughan,  the  author  of  Anthrosophia  Theoma- 
gica,)  "like  the  bloud  of  Mulberries  before  Elephants  in 
battel  to  provoke  his  Irascible." 

Is  there  any  foundation  for  the  statement  that 
elephants  were  thus  exasperated?  and  where  is 
contained  any  account  of  it  ?  Belphos. 

Queries  on  Shelley.  — 

1 .  What  is  the  classical  allusion  in  the  following 
lines  ? 

"  And  mothers  gazing,  drank  the  love  men  see 
Reflected  in  their  race,  behold,  and  perish." 

Prom,  Unbound. 
2,  «  And  now  from  their  fountains 

In  Euna's  mountains,"  &c. 

Arethusa. 
What  were  the  streams  that  rose  in  these  moun- 
tains which  the  Greeks  identified  with  the  Are- 
thusa and  the  Alpheus  ?  And  how  could  any 
such  streams  "  sleep  beneath  the  Ortygian  shore," 
unless  they  are  supposed  to  take  a  second  sub- 
marine journey  ?  C.  Mansfield  Ingleby. 
Birmingham. 

Leaning  Towers  and  crooked  Church  Spires.  — 
Have  we  any  leaning  towers  in  England,  at  all  in 
the  style  of  that  wonder  of  the  world  at  Pisa  ?  or 
like  the  Garrisenda  at  Bologna,  which  is  eight,  or, 
according  to  some,  nine  feet  out  of  the  perpen- 
dicular ?  We  have  had  some  very  remarkable 
examples  of  crooked  spires,  particularly  that  of 
the  church  of  St.  Nicholas  at  Great  Yarmouth, 
which  served  as  a  landmark  from  sea ;  and  it  was 
observable  of  this  steeple,  that,  from  whatever  way 
it  was  viewed,  it  appeared  awry.  Some  (query, 
needless)  apprehension  of  insecurity  prompted  its 
being  taken  down  and  rebuilt,  and  thus  a  great 
object  of  curiosity  was  annihilated,  about  the  be- 
ginning of  the  present  century.*  Query,  how 
was  this  obliquity  occasioned,  and  how  long  had 
it  existed  ?  There  also  is,  or  was,  a  similar  in- 
stance of  a  crooked  steeple  at  Chesterfield,  Derby- 

*  There  is  an  excellent  view  of  Great  Yarmouth,  with 
the  spire  in  its  primary  (or  crooked)  state,  in  Buck's 
Perspective  Views,  London,  1774,  vol.  iii.  plate  82. 


2nd  s.  NO  46.,  Nov.  15.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


389 


shire ;  and  there  may  be  others,  which  some  of 
your  readers  may  be  so  obliging  as  to  point  out. 

A. 
Bichmond. 


"Paid  a  Knave."  — 

"  The  under-miller  is  in  the  language  of  Thirlage  called 
the  knave,  which  indeed  signified  originally  his  lad 
(knabe,  German),  but  by  degrees  came  to  be  taken  in  a 
■worse  sense.  In  the  old  translations  of  the  Bible  Paul  is 
made  to  term  himself  the  knave  of  our  Saviour.  The  al- 
lowance of  meal  taken  by  the  miller's  servant  was  called 
knave-ship." — Note  from  The  Monastery,  p.  178. 

Can  any  of  your  numerous  correspondents  tell 
me  the  date  of  the  translations  where  this  word 
"knave"  is  found ?  Clericus  Eusticds. 

[It  is  surprising  that  this  palpable  hoax  should  have 
received  credence  from  the  time  when  Dr.  Fuller  wrote 
his  Church  History  (see  under  a.d.  1384)  to  that  when  Sir 
Walter  Scott  published  The  Monastery,  especially  after 
the  exposure  of  this  knavish  fraud  by  the  learned  Hum- 
phrey Wanley  in  1699.  The  volume  containing  the  hoax 
proved  to  be  Tyndale's  Bible,  published  under  the  name 
of  Thomas  Matthew,  mdxxxvii.,  the  forger  having  erased 
the  xvii.  It  was  purchased  by  Lord  Oxford,  and  stands 
No.  154.  in  the  Harleian  Catalogue  of  Printed  Books,  vol.  i. 
p.  9.,  8vo.  1743,  where  it  is  thus  described :  "  The  Bible 
with  marginal  notes,  black  letter,  with  cuts,  1520.  This  is 
the  Bible,  in  which,  by  an  artful  counterfeit,  described  by 
Mr.  Wanley,  St.  Paul  is  called  an  kneawe,  &c. :  the  rasure 
of  the  true  words  the  servaunt,  and  the  insertion  of  the  false 
reading,  though  discoverable  by  an  exact  observer,  are 
so  well  executed,  that  the  Bible  was  sold  to  the  Duke  of 
Lauderdale  for  seventeen  guineas,  by  one  Thornton,  who 
indeed  first  effaced  Matthew's  Preface,  all  the  dates  ex- 
cept one,  of  which  he  erased  xvii.,  and  added  a  note  that 
this  Bible,  which  was  the  edition  of  1637,  was  printed 
in  1520,  a  date  earlier  than  that  of  any  English  Bible. 
It  does  not  appear  that  this  reading  was  ever  really 
printed."  Hearne  also  informs  us,  that  Mr.  Dodwell  told 
him,  that  on  a  wager  being  laid  concerning  this  matter, 
inquiries  were  made  both  in  England  and  Ireland  after  a 
Bible  which  had  "  Paul  a  knave,"  &c.,  and  that  the  re- 
sult of  all  was,  that  the  word  knave  was  not  to  be  met 
with  in  any  printed  Bible.  See  Wanley's  own  account  of 
this  forgery  in  Lewis's  History  of  English  Translations, 
p.  47. ;  and  Wanley's  Letter  to  Dr.  Charlet  in  Aubrey's 
Letters  by  Eminent  Persons,  vol.  i.  p.  95.  This  knavish 
volume  was  in  private  hands  for  some  years  after  the  sale 
of  the  printed  books  of  the  Harleian  Library,  and  was 
eventually  added  to  the  Royal  Library.  Upon  the  gift 
of  this  magnificent  collection  to  the  nation  by  George  IV., 
it  was  rejected  as  imperfect.  It  now  forms  one  of  the 
literary  curiosities  in  the  great  collection  of  early  English 
Bibles  in  the  library  of  George  Offbr,  Esq.,  of  Hackney, 
where  it  is  in  excellent  preservation,  and  completed  from 
another  copy.  We  may  add,  that  in  WiclifFe's  translation 
of  the  New  Testament,  published  by  John  Lewis  in  1731, 
the  word  knave  is  used  in  Rev.  xii.  5.,  "  And  sche  bare  a 
knaue  child,"  meaning  a  male  child.] 

Philip  Nichols  of  Trinity  Hall,  —  This  person, 
a  Fellow  of  Trinity  Hall,  Cambridge,  was  expelled 
for  stealing  books  from  St.  John's  College  libi-ai'y, 
August  4, 1731.  What  eventually  became  of  him, 


and  where   did  he  die?     He  is  mentioned  in 
vol.  i.  of  the  Gentleman's  Magazine. 

Henry  T.  Riley. 

[Philip  Nichols  (sometimes  spelt  Nicols),  Clerk,  Doctor 
of  Laws,  Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  was  unanimously  ex- 
pelled on  August  4,  1731,  and  a  copy  of  the  sentence  in 
Latin  affixed  to  the  college-gate,  signifying  that  he  had 
been  guilty  of  dissolute  living,  and  of  stealing  many 
valuable  books  of  the  library  of  St.  John's  College  and 
elsewhere,  to  the  great  scandal  and  dishonour  of  that 
university.  {Gent.  Mag.,  i.  351.)  He  was  afterwards- 
one  of  the  writers  in  the  Biographia  Britannica,  and  the 
articles  in  the  first  edition  signed  P.  are  attributed  to 
him.  ("  N.  &  Q."  2""!  S.  i.  455.)  In  one  of  the  articles 
(that  of  Dr.  Joseph  Smith)  was  a  letter  from  Sir  Thomas 
Hanmer,  reflecting  on  Bishop  Warburton,  in  regard  to 
Shakspeare,  which  the  Bishop  prevailed  on  the  proprie- 
tors to  cancel.  On  Warburton's  refusing  to  give  this 
literary  Cerberus  a  sop,  Nichols  subsequently  republished 
The  Castrated  Letter  of  Sir  Thomas  Hanmer  in  the  Sixth 
Volume  of  the  Biographia  Britannica,  with  an  Impartial 
Account  of  the  extraordinary  Means  used  to  suppress  this 
remarkable  Letter,  fol.,  1763.  Bishop  Warburton  does 
not  fail  in  noticing  it  to  refer  to  Nichols's  expulsion  from 
the  university.  Nichols  also  wrote  the  Life  of-  Bishop 
Hoadly  for  the  Biog.  Britan.,  which  gave  such  offence  to 
the  family,  that  the  Bishop's  son.  Dr.  John  Hoadly,  sup- 
plied another  article  for  the  Supplement  of  that  work. 
On  the  publication  of  the  latter  article.  Lord  Chancellor 
Yorke  thus  writes  to  Dr.  Hoadly:  "Your  description  of 
Nichols  entertained  me.  Helluo  lihrorum,  I  suppose,  from 
the  strength,  depth,  and  leger-de-main  of  his  cassock. 
One  of  that  name,  a  few  years  ago,  was  a  famous  book- 
stealer  in  libraries,  convicted  at  the  Old  Bailey,  and 
perhaps  now  returned  from  transportation.  Nothing  is  so 
natural  as  that  a  felon  book-stealer  should  turn  hireling 
panegyrist,  or  felon  libeller,  in  his  regenerate  state.  It  is 
a  metempsychosis  devoutly  to  be  expected." — Gent.  Mag. 
xlvi.  166.] 

C.  U.,  Organ  Performer  to  the  Prince  Regent. — 
Having  in  my  possession  a  quantity  of  manuscript 
music,  by  a  person  who  styles  himself  "  C.  U., 
Organ  Performer  to  His  lloyal  Highness  the 
Prince  Regent,  An.  Dom.  1818,"  I  should  feel 
particularly  obliged  if  you  could  inform  me  who 
"  C.  U."  was.  Benjamin  Davis. 

[Having  referred  this  inquiry  to  Dr.  Rimbault,  ho 
has  kindly  furnished  us  with  the  following  Note :  — 

"  I  have  several  MS.  pieces  for  the  organ  by  Charles 
Upton,  an  organist  and  composer  of  the  beginning  of 
the  present  century.  They  do  not  possess  any  particular 
originality,  or  show  any  great  scientific  skill,  but  may  be 
called  '  respectable.'  Probably  the  '  C.  U.,  Organ  Per- 
former to  the  Prince  Regent,'  was  this  Charles  Upton. 
Mr.  Upton's  name  does  not  occur  among  the  '  Musicians 
in  Ordinary'  to  the  Prince;  nor  do  I  find  an  'Organ 
Performer '  in  any  of  the  Royal  Household  lists  of  the 
period.  His  title  was  most  probably  an  assumption,  from 
his  having  played  upon  some  occasion  before  his  Royal 
Highness.  Edward  F.  Rimbadlt."] 

Precentor  of  the  Province  of  Canterbury.  — What 
are  the  duties  attached  to  the  office  of  the  Bishop 
of  Salisbury  under  one  of  the  titles  which  he  bears, 
viz.  "Provincial  Precentor  of  Canterbury"  ?  It 
was  gravely  stated  at  a  clerical  meeting  the  other 


390 


KOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  46.,  Nov.  15.  '5G. 


day,  that  the  name  implied  that  the  "  Bishop  of 
Sarum  was  anciently  responsible  for  instructing 
the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  to  sing,  and  hence 
he  was  called  '  Provincial  Precentor  of  Canter- 
bury.' "  I  am  unwilling  to  expose  the  absurdity 
of  such  a  supposition,  but  I  shall  be  glad  to  know 
whether  any  of  your  ecclesiological  readers  can 
explain  the  origin  and  duties  of  the  office,  or 
refer  me  to  an  authority  which  shall  satisfy  my 
curiosity.  Has  it  not  some  reference  to  Convo- 
cation ?  Clericus  Rusticus. 

[This  office,  attached  to  the  See  of  Sarum,  or  Salis- 
bury, is  one  belonging  to  the  province  of  Canterbury,  and 
not  to  the  archbishop  individually.  The  dean  of  the  pro- 
vince is  the  Bishop  of  London ;  the  sub-dean,  the  Bishop 
of  Winchester;  the  chancellor,  the  Bishop  of  Lincoln; 
the  precentor,  the  Bishop  of  Sarum,  or  Salisbury ;  and 
the  chaplain,  the  Bishop  of  Rochester.  The  Sarum  Office 
Books,  such  as  the  Breviaries,  the  Antiphonaria,  the 
Gradualia,  Ilymnarii,  &c.  are  of  the  highest  authority, 
because  flowing  from  the  source  to  which  had  been  con- 
fided the  purity  of  the  songs  of  the  Church.] 

Bamboozle.  —  Would  you,  through  the  medium 
of  your  delightful  periodical,  kindly  assist  me  to 
the  origin  or  derivation  of  the  not  very  elegant 
word  bamboozle  ?  It  sounds  very  much  as  if  it 
belonged  to  the  bamboo  family,  but  the  parti- 
culars of  the  connection  I  am  at  a  loss  to  discover. 

Philologus. 

[In  Todd's  Johnson  it  is  stated  to  be  a  cant  word,  from 
bam,  a  cheat;  of  which  Richardson,  in  his  Supplement, 
gives  the  following  example : 

"  Prig.  This  is  some  conspiracy,  I  suppose,  to  bam,  to 
chowse  me  out  of  my  money."  —  Foote,  The  Cozeners,  Act 
in.  Sc.  1. 

Bouchier,  in  his  Glossary,  says,  "  This  term  bamboozle 
has,  with  great  propriety,  long  had  a  place  in  the  Gipsy 
or  Canting  Dictionaries,  it  being,  in  my  opinion,  the  sole 
invention  of  gipsies,  or  vagrants."  It  seems  to  have  first 
com9*into  vogue  during  the  earlv  part  of  the  last  cen- 
tury ;  for  in  The  Tatler,  No.  230.',  we  read,  "  The  third 
refinement  observable  in  the  letter  I  send  you  consists  in 
the  choice  of  certain  words  invented  by  some  pretty 
fellows,  such  as  banter,  bamboozle,  country  put,  and  kid- 
ney, some  of  which  are  now  struggling  for  the  vogue,  and 
others  are  in  possession  of  it."] 

"  The  World  UnmasTied ;  or,  the  Philosopher  the 
Greatest  Cheat"  1736. — Who  is  the  author? 

Anon. 
[By  some  attributed  to  Bernard  Mandeville.] 


LOBD   HALIFAX   AND   MRS.  BARTON. 

(2"'»  S.  i.  265.) 

If  Professor  De  Morgan  will  consult  another 
of  Mrs.  Manley's  disgraceful  works,  he  will  find  an 
allusion  to  these  parties.  It  is  entitled  ^'■Memoirs 
of  Europe  towards  the  close  of  the  Eighth  Cerdury. 
Written  by  Eginardus,  secretary  and  favourite  to 


Charlemagne,  and  done  into  English  by  the  Trans- 
lator of  the  New  Atalojitis:'  My  copy  is  "The 
second  edition,  corrected,  1711."  A  Key  is  ap- 
pended, entitled  "  A  Key  to  the  Third  Volume  of 
the  Atalantis,  called  Memoirs  of  Europe."  The 
pages  given  in  the  key  frequently  do  not  corre- 
spond with  the  pages  intended  to  be  designated. 
Lord  H— 1— X  is  "  Julious  (sic)  Sergius ; "  "  Bar- 
tica "  is  "  Sir  Is.  Ne?don's  (sic)  "Niece."  At 
p.  252.  a  pretended  history  of  Lord  Halifax  is 
given  ;  then  follows  an  account  of  his  palace,  de- 
voted to  luxury  and  debauchery.  At  p.  268.  the 
name  of  Bartica  is  introduced,  described  by  her 
lover  as  "  a  Traitress,  an  inconsistent  proud  Bag- 
gage," upon  whom  he  had  lavished  "  myriads," 
"  besides  getting  her  worthy  ancient  Parent  a  good 
post  for  connivance."  Then  she  is  described  as 
exacting  marriage  as  the  only  terms  of  continued 
intimacy  with  her  lover.  He  professes  that  "  if  he 
pined  himself  to  death,  he  was  resolved  not  to 
marry  her  —  while  she  was  so  saucy." 

The  testimony  of  Mrs.  Manley  is  of  course 
wholly  valueless,  except  as  an  indication  that 
scandal  was  current.  How  utterly  ignorant  Mrs. 
Manley  was  of  the  circle  whom  she  calumniated 
appears  from  her  describing  Sir  Isaac  Newton  aa 
the  "  worthy  parent "  of  Bartica.  If  Professor 
DE  Morgan  wishes  to  see  the  volume,  my  copy  is 
at  his  service.  R.  Beook  Aspland. 

Dukinfield. 


I  regret  to  disturb  the  conclusion  to  which  Pro- 
fessor De  Morgan  has  arrived  respecting  this 
work.  His  informant  was  right,  for  it  does  con- 
tain "  the  current  scandal  relative  to  Lord  Hali- 
fax and  Newton's  niece,"  as  he  will  find  by  con- 
sulting the  third  volume  of  the  edition  of  1720. 
That  edition  is  provided  with  a  key  to  the  entire 
work ;  but,  from  the  fact  of  its  being  appended  to 
the  first  volume,  though  separately  headed,  it 
probably  escaped  the  Professor's  notice.  In  it 
I  find,  under  reference  to  page  "  263.  Bartica,  Sir 
Isaac  Newton's  Niece,"  and  on  turning  to  the  page 
in  question,  the  following  passage  : 

" '  I  think,  my  Lord  Julius  Sergius,''  continued  I,  ad- 
dressing more  closely  to  his  Lordship,  « 'tis  hard,  that  of 
all  this  heavenly  Prospect  of  Happiness,  your  Lordship  is 
the  only  solitary  Lover :  What  is  become  of  the  charming 
Bartica  ?  Can  she  live  a  Day,  an  Hour,  without  you  ? 
Sure  she's  indisposed,  dying  or  dead.'  ♦  You  call  the  Tears 
into  my  Eyes,  dear  Count,'  answered  the  Heroe  sobbing, 
'  she's  a  Traitress,  an  inconstant  proud  Baggage,  yet  I 
Love  her  dearly,  and  have  lavished  Myriads  upon' her, 
besides  getting  her  worthy  ancient  Parent  a  good  Post  for 
Connivance.  But,  would  you  think  it?  She  has  other 
Things  in  her  Head,  and  is  grown  so  fantastick  and  high, 
she  wants  me  to  marry  her,  or  else  I  shall  have  no  more 
of  her,  truly:  'Twas  ever  a  proud  Slut;  when  she  pre- 
tended most  Kindness,  when  she  was  all  over  Coquet,  and 
coveted  to  engage  me  more  and  more ;  when  our  Intimacy 
was  at  the  height,  she  us'd  to  make  my  Servants  wait 


2nd  s.  N«  46.,  Nov.  16.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


391 


three  Hours  for  an  Answer  to  How-d'-ye,  or  a  Letter, 
which  I  sent  every  successive  Morn.'  " 

Julius  Sergius,  I  ought  to  have  previously 
noted,  is  the  name  given  in  the  Key  to  "  Lord 
ir X." 

Should  Pkofessor  De  Morgan  wish  to  con- 
sult the  volumes,  I  shall  be  happy  to  leave  them 
at  your  office  for  his  use.  T.  C.  S. 


Marrement  (2"'^  S.  ii.  327.)  —  I  can  help  F.  R. 
Daldy  with  but  one  word  from  Gower,  marro' 
ment,  at  present.  This  is  old  French.  "  Marre- 
ment, marissement,  marrimeni :  douleur,  deplaisir, 
affliction,  tristesse,  chagrin,  plaiute  ;  mmror."  — 
jRocquefort.  A.  B. 


PASSAGES   IN    GOWER. 

(2"d  S.  ii.  327.) 

I  beg  to  offer  the  following  explanation  of  some 
of  the  expressions  in  Gower  of  which  an  ex- 
planation is  asked. 

1.  "  And  I  can  ever  lenger  the  lasse^  May  not 
this  be  "  linger  the  less,'*  and  the  meaning  be,  "  I 
have  but  little  time  to  spare  "  ? 

4.  "  And  though  I  stonde  there  a  mile."  Ap- 
parently the  idea  of  time  is  transferred  to  that  of 
space,  perhaps  in  obedience  to  the  exigencies  of 
the  rhyme.  "  A  mile  "  may  be  put  fur  "  as  long 
as  it  would  take  to  walk  a  mile  ; "  or  it  may  be 
quite  a  general  expression  for  "  a  long  time." 

5.  "  Ne  so  well  taught  at  mannes  eye ; "  i.  e.  as 
was  generally  evident,  as  appeared  to  the  eyes  of 
men.  Elsewhere  Gower  uses  the  expression  "  at 
eye,"  or  "  at  the  eye."     Thus  : 

"  The  thing  so  open  is  at  eye." 

But  he  is  also  fond  of  employing  the  possessive 
"  mannes "  or  "  worldes,"  in  order  to  make  an 
expression  assume  its  most  general  form.     Thus  : 

"  That  out  of  mannes  nacion 
Fro  kinde  they  be  so  miswent." —  i.  55. 

Speaking  of  the  daughters  of  Phorceus,  who  were 
like  serpents.     And,  — 

"  Thus  we  be  come  for  to  preie 
That  ye  my  worldes  deth  respite." — i.  116. 

7.  "  Doaire  "  apparently  is  that  with  which  one 
is  dowered  or  gifted;  and,  in  the  connexion  in 
which  it  occurs,  a  jyrovince.  We  find  it  in 
Chaucer : 

"  But  ther  as  ye  me  profre  swiche  dowaire. 
As  I  first  brought,"  &c.  —  C.  T.  8724. 

8.  "  Whan  he  were  of  dawe; "  i.  e.  when  he  was 
dead,  literally  "  out  of  day,  or  life."  The  A.-S. 
dceg  is  used  of  the  time  of  a  man's  life. 

9.  "The  thing  is  torned  into  was;"  i.e.  it  is 
become  a  matter  of  the  past :  you  can  only  speak 
of  it  in  the  past  tense,  and  say  "  it  was." 

10.  "  That  she  about  her  white  swere.  It  did," 
&c. ;  i.  e.  that  she  put  it  about  her  white  throat. 
The  A.-S.  swer,  svjeor,  &c.,  means  a  pillar  or  co- 
lumn. Hence  it  would  be  applied  figuratively  to 
the  neck,  as  the  pillar  or  column  which  supports 
the  head.  J.  J.  Stewart  Pbbowne. 

King's  College. 


(2°^  S.  ii.  243.  276.  314.  335.) 

As  the  rhymester  has  not  told  us  in  what  year 
the  "  reformation  "  to  which  he  alludes  took  place, 
and  as  your  correspondent  Mr.  Yeowell  has  not 
made  it  a  bit  more  clear,  it  must  be  confessed  that 
the  question  of  the  introduction  of  the  cultivation 
of  hops  into  England  is  still  left  a  doubtful  one. 
The  fact  of  their  importation  from  Flanders 
is  of  very  little  assistance  in  settling  the  date, 
since  that  continues  in  our  own  day.  Until  any 
article  of  food  or  commerce  becomes  a  kind  of 
necessity,  it  will  be  so  little  regarded  that  few  will 
be  able  to  determine  the  precise  date  of  its  intro- 
duction. It  is  so  with  "  the  wicked  weed  "  that 
bitters  our  ale.  Hops  are  probably  indigenous  to 
England,  but  they  seem  not  to  have  been  much 
cultivated  until  the  adulterations  practised  by  the 
Flemish  growers  made  the  hop  merchant's  venture, 
always  a  precarious,  and  often  a  losing  one. 
Harrison,  writing  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth,  says : 

"  Of  late  years  we  have  found  and  taken  up  a  great 
trade  in  planting  of  hops,  whereof  our  moory  hitherto  and 
unprofitable  grounds  do  A'ield  such  plenty  and  increase 
that  there  are  few  farmers  or  occupiers  in  the  country 
which  have  not  gardens  and  hops  growing  of  their  own, 
and  those  far  better  than  do  come  from  Flanders  unto  us. 
Certes  the  corruptions  used  by  the  Flemings,  and  forgery 
daily  practised  in  this  kind  of  ware,  gave  us  occasion  to 
plant  them  here  at  home,  so  that  now  we  may  spare  and 
send  many  over  unto  them."  —  Holinshed's  Chronicles, 
vol.  i.  p.  185-6.,  edit.  1807. 

What  the  relative  superiority  of  English  hops 
was  over  Flemish  adulterated  ones,  we  gather 
from  an  entry  in  the  household  book  of  the  L'Es- 
tranges  {Airhceologia,  vol.  xxv.),  where,  under 
1530,  we  read,  — 

"  Item,  pd  the  iiij  day  of  Octobre  to  Eobert  Baynard  by 
the  hands  of  John  Tiff  for  one  hundred  hoppys,  18". 

«*  Item,  pd  xxviij  day  of  January  to  Frances  the  Fle- 
myng  for  333""  hoppes  at  xij  the  hundred  ...  39'  4"i." 

In  other  words,  English  hops  were  worth  half  as 
much  again  as  those  from  Flanders. 

In  the  same  household  book  we  meet  with  the 
following  entry  : 

"To  my  lady  Spellman's  servant  for  thynnyng  the 
hop  yard." 

E.  G.  R.  will  note  that  these  were  Norfolk  hops.' 

From  a  letter  in  Burgon's  Life  of  Sir  Thomas 
Gresham  (vol.  ii.  p.  169.),  it  would  seem  that  in 


392 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  46.,  Nov.  15.  '56, 


1566  the  cultivation  of  hops  was  not  of  great  ex- 
tent in  Flanders : 

"  Allst  (where  most  of  the  hopps  groweth)  viij  miles 
from  Antwerp." 

These  hops  appear  to  have  been  chiefly  intended 
for  home  consumption,  and  for  the  English 
market ;  even  the  fame  of  them  seems  to  have 
been  quite  unknown  to  the  Venetians,  notwith- 
standing their  extensive  foreign  commerce.  Sig. 
Giovanni  Michele,  writing  from  this  country  in 
1557,  enumerates  "  among  the  articles  of  com- 
merce .  .  .  things  called  hops  (the  flowers  of  a 
certain  tree  or  plant),  necessary  as  ingredients  for 
making  beer."  In  Spain,  if  hops  were  not  culti- 
vated, their  value  appears  to  have  been  at  least 
well-known.  Sir  Richard  Wingfield,  in  his  last 
illness  at  Toledo  (1525),  — 

"  Did  eat  melons  and  drank  wine  without  water  unto 
them,  and  afterwards  drank  beer,  which  is  made  here  by 
force  bitter  of  the  hop,  for  to  be  preserved  the  better 
against  the  intolerable  heat  of  this  country."  —  Ellis's 
Original  Letters,  3rd  Series,  vol.  ii.  p.  21. 

In  the  preface  to  his  volume  on  Manners  and 
Household  Expences,  Mr.  Botfield  quotes  an  En- 
glish MS.  of  the  beginning  of  the  fifteenth  cen- 
tury (Shane,  No.  4.  p.  166.),  in  which  beer  is 
directed  to  be  well  hopped.  W.  Denton. 


E.  G.  R.  askf,  whence  humulus  and  lupulus  ?  Lin- 
na3us  ingeniously  derives  the  former  from  ^'^humns, 
moist  earth,  such  as  the  plant  in  question  prefers." 
From  a  comparison  of  the  Svv.  and  Dan.  humle 
with  humhletoft  and  humhleyard  (in  Sw.  humle- 
gijrd),  cited,  one  would  imagine  that  humle,  Sfc, 
were  derived  from  humilis,  humble  (also  small, 
weak,  base,  ignoble) ;  but  humle,  Low  Lat.,  humulus, 
humulo,  and  humlo,  are  from  Gall,  houblon,  from 
lupulum  (by  dropping  the  I),  lupulus,  dim.  of 
lupus,  a  wolf,  also  hops ;  and  in  the  latter  sense 
allied,  perhaps,  to  \ofihs.  Dufresne  gives  also, 
"  Ilumularium  ager  humulo  seu  lupulo  consitus, 
nostris  Houblionniere,  alias  umeau  et  umelaye^  Lu- 
pulus is  found  in  Latin  dictionaries.  See  Dufresne 
(^Gloss.  Med.  et  Inf.  Lot.,  vol.  iii.)  ;  Linn.  Gen., 
522. ;  Schreh.,  689. ;  Willd.  Sp.  PL,  vol.  iv.  769.  ; 
Mart.  Mill.  Diet,  vol.  ii. ;  Sm.  Fl.  Brit.  1077. ; 
Juss.  404. ;  Lamar ch.  Illusir.,  vol.  i.  815. 

R.  S.  Chabnock. 

Gray's  Inn. 

It  is  curious  to  observe  the  changes  which  take 
place  in  the  tastes  of  Englishmen  for  the  good 
things  of  this  life. 

Our  ancestors  were  very  fond  of  sweet  things. 
Hentzner,  describing  Queen  Elizabeth,  says  : 

"  Her  lips  were  narrow,  and  her  teeth  black,  a  defect 
the  English  are  subject  to,  from  their  too  great  use  of 
sugar." 

Lalehara,  a  gay  courtier  of  that  day,  says  : 


"In  the  morning  I  rise  ordinarily  at  7  o'clock ;  then  ready, 
I  get  me  commonly  into  my  Lord's  Chamber,  or  into  my 
Lord  President's ;  there,  at  the  cupboard,  after  eating  the 
manchet,  served  over  night  for  levey,  I  drink  me  a  good 
bowl  of  ale.  When  in  a  sweet  pot  it  is  defecated  by  all 
night's  standing,  the  drink  is  better,  take  that  from  me." 

Honey,  and  liquors  made  from  it,  such  as  mead, 
were  great  favourites.  It  is  not  likely,  therefore, 
that  hops  should  be  popular ;  and  when  they  were 
used,  it  was  more  from  necessity  than  choice,  and 
only  in  the  case  of  ale  which  was  intended  to  be 
kept  for  some  time.  It  appears  that  beer,  of 
which  there  was  probably  a  quick  draught,  con- 
tained no  hops  at  all. 

A  great  change  has  taken  place,  and  a  taste  for 
bitter  things  is  now  prevailing ;  which  is  shown 
in  the  freqvient  omission  of  sugar  as  an  ingredient 
in  tea;  and  still  more  in  the  love  of  bitter  beer, — 
a  dose  of  which  would  have  been  rejected  by  our 
ancestors  with  dismay. 

It  is  singular  that  the  word  "  brewing,"  which, 
notwithstanding  the  philippic  of  one  of  the  Hon. 
Members  for  Surrey  against  porter,  is  connected 
in  the  minds  of  Englishmen  with  most  agreeable 
associations,  when  applied  figuratively  is  always 
used  in  a  bad  sense.  We  talk  of  "  a  storm  brew- 
ing ;"  "  there  is  some  mischief  brewing  ;"  but  we 
never  hear  of  "  any  good  brewing."  R.  W.  B. 


It  may  assist  your  correspondents  in  coming  to 
a  right  conclusion  on  the  relative  value  of  the 
testimony  of  the  old  rhyming  tradition  and  Ful- 
ler's statement  of  a  petition  of  the  Commons 
against  hops  in  the  time  of  Henry  VI.,  if  I  repeat 
what  I  have  before  stated,  that  in  a  search  a  few 
years  since  amongst  the  records  of  Great  'Yar- 
mouth, I  found  and  noted  under  the  32nd  year  of 
Henry  VI.  that  one  sack  of  "  hoppes  "  paid  a  tron- 
age  of  3d.  to  the  Water  Bailiff  in  that  year,  and 
there  are  probably  earlier  entries  of  a  similar 
kind  which  escaped  my  notice.  During  the  reign 
of  Henry  VI.  it  will  be  seen  by  a  reference  to 
the  Rolls  of  Parliament,  or  to  Cotton's  Records^ 
that  much  discussion  was  going  on  in  Parliament 
about  beer,  and  a  petition  on  the  subject  of  hops 
by  no  means  so  unlikely  as  your  correspondent 
Mr.  Yeowell  would  infer.  Henry  Harrod. 

Norwich. 


LONG   LANKYN   BALLAD. 

(2°'^  S.  ii.  324.) 
In  the  Drawing-Room  Scrap-Booh  for  1835, 
edited  by  L.  E.  L.  (the  late  lamented  Miss  Lan- 
don,  afterwards  Mrs.  Maclean),  at  p.  11.  there 
are  thirteen  stanzas,  and  some  fragments  of  the 
curious  ballad  of  "Long  Lonkin,"  appended  to 
her  poetical  illustration  of  a  view  of  Honister  crag 
and  glen  in  Cumberland,  traditionally  the  scene 


2nd  s.  No  4G.,  Nov.  15.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


393 


o%a  border-skirmish  between  the  Elliotts  and 
Graemes.  They  will  add  materially  to,  and  may 
serve  to  fill  up  some  gaps  in  the  larger  portion  of 
the  ballad  furnished  by  M.  H.  R.  The  stanzas 
are  printed  in  four  short  lines,  but  are  here  tran- 
scribed in  two  long  ones,  for  economy  of  space : 

"  The  lord  said  to  his  ladie,  as  he  mounted  his  horse, 
'  Beware  of  Long  Lonkin,  that  lies  in  the  moss.' 

The  lord  said  to  his  ladie,  as  he  rode  away, 
'  Beware  of  Long  Lonkin,  that  lies  in  the  clay.' 

'  What  care  I  for  Lonkin,  or  any  of  his  gang  ? 
My  doors  are  all  shut,  and  my  windows  penn'd  in.' 

There  were  six  little  windows,  and  they  were  all  shut, 
But  one  little  window,  and  that  was  forgot. 

And  at  that  little  window  Long  Lonkin  crept  in. 

'Where's  the  lord  of  the  hall? '  says  the  Lonkin : 
'  He's  gone  up  to  London,'  says  Orange  to  him. 

'  Where  are  the  men  of  the  hall  ? '  saj's  the  Lonkin : 
'  They  are  at  the  field  ploughing,'  says  Orange  to  him. 

'  Where  are  the  maids  of  the  hall  ? '   says  the  Lonkin : 

*  They  are  at  the  well  washing,'  says  Orange  to  him. 

'  Where  are  the  ladies  of  the  hall  ? '  says  the  Lonkin : 
'  They  are  up  in  their  chambers,'  says  Orange  to  him. 

'  How  shall  we  get  them  down  ? '  says  the  Lonkin : 
'  Prick  the  babe  in  the  cradle,'  says  Orange  to  him. 

'  Rock  well  my  cradle,  and  be-ba  my  son ; 
You  shall  have  a  new  gown,  when  the  lord  he  comes 
home.' 

Still  she  did  prick  it,  and  be-ba  she  cried, 

*  Come  down,   dearest  mistress,   and  still  your  own 

child.' 

*  Oh !  still  my  child.  Orange,  still  him  with  a  bell' 

'  I  can't  still  him,  ladie,  till  you  come  down  yoursell.' 

*  Hold  the  gold  bason,  for  your  heart's  blood  to  run  in, 

'  To  hold  the  gold  bason,  it  grieves  me  full  sore ; 
Oh !  kill  me,  dear  Lonkin,  and  let  my  mother  go.' " 

Miss  Landon  adds,  that  the  ballad  was  commu- 
nicated to  her  by  a  friend,  and  had  never  been 
published.  V.  F.  S. 

I  beg  to  refer  your  correspondent  M.  H.  R.  to 
the  under-mentioned  editions  of  the  popular  old 
ballad  "  Lankyn,"  or  "  Linkin,"  otherwise  "  Lam- 
kin,  Lammerlinkin,  Belinkin,"  &c.,  names  derived, 
it  would  seem,  from  the  epithet  linkie,  applied  in 
the  South  of  Scotland  to  a  sly,  deceitful  person 
(links,  Danish,  sinister;  also  sly,  dexterous,  crafty: 
Wolff),  and  bestowed  upon  Lambert,  the  ill-re- 
quited builder  of  Prime  Castle,  from  the  cunning 
and  secresy  with  which  he  introduced  himself  into 
that  fortalice.  The  owner  of  the  castle  is  styled 
in  one  version  "  Lord  Wearie,"  in  another  "  Lord 
Arran,"  but  in  what  part  of  Scotland  (or  dream- 
land) the  building  itself  was  situated  does  not 
appear. 

The  earliest  dnd  the  worst  edition  of  the  ballad 
is  that  given  in  Herd's  Collection  (2  vols.  8vo., 


Edinburgh,  1776),  and  entitled  Lammikin.  The 
next,  and  a  far  better  version,  occurs  in  the  first 
volume  of  Jamieson's  Popular  Ballads  and  Songs 
(Edinb.  1806),  who  calls  its  hero  "Lamkin."  Mr. 
Finlay,  In  his  Scottish  Historical  and  Romantic 
Ballads  (Edinb.  1808),  gives  two  copies  of  it,  and 
restores  the  title  Lammikin.  The  best  version, 
however,  may  be  found  under  the  title  of  "  Lam- 
bert Linkin "  (of  which  all  the  preceding  names 
arS  clearly  abbreviations),  in  Motherwell's  valu- 
able, but  now  scarce  4to.,  entitled  Minstrelsy, 
Antient  and  Modern  (Glasgow,  1827).  From  the 
first  stanza,  M.  H.  R.  may  discover  the  name  of 
the  castle,  and  the  provocation  which  gave  rise 
to  the  horrible  revenge  of  the  builder.  He  may 
also  from  the  same  copy  fill  up  the  lacunce  in  his 
own  interesting  variation.  W.  L.  N, 

Bath. 


SYSTEMS   OP    SHORT-HAND. 

(2"'»  S.  i.  402.) 

Mb.  Hackwood  refers  to  an  English  Treatise 
on  Stenography,  published  in  1588  by  Dr.  Ti- 
mothy Bright,  and  dedicated  to  Queen  Elizabeth, 
but  he  remarks,  "  I  have  no  further  note  of  it" 
He,  with  many  others,  will  be  gratified  on  seeing 
the  first  notice  of  any  treatise,  in  English,  on  this 
now  indispensable  accomplishment.  It  was  my 
good  fortune  to  transcribe  it  from  the  original 
many  years  since,  but  it  was  put  aside  with 
similar  treasures,  after  an  inconsolable  bereave- 
ment. The  writer  of  the  letter  was  the  secretary 
of  Lord  Burleigh. 

"  Mr.  Hicks.  —  Dr.  Bright  hath  a  desire  to  be  insinuated 
to  the  favourable  acquaintance  of  Mr.  Eob.  Cecill.  He 
hath  begun  by  dedication  of  some  of  his  book  for  one 
hour  to  my  L.  house.  He  was  sometime,  as  you  also 
know,  under  my  charge  in  Cambridge,  when  I  was  readie, 
according  to  that  habilitie  I  then  had,  and  in  that  state 
his  friends  required  to  do  him  the  best  good  by  waie  of 
instruction  that  I  could.  Whereas 'having  given  me 
cause  of  comfort  bj'  his  good  providings,  I  retain  still  the 
same  good  will  to  do  him  the  best  good  I  male. 

"He  hath  enterprised  a  matter  of  rare  noveltie  and 
effected  it,  whereof  I  made  report  to  Mr.  Robert.  He  is 
desirous  to  have  some  effectual  fruit  of  his  travayle, 
having  charge  of  a  familie,  and  his  profession  yielding 
him  small  maintai  nance  as  yet,  till  he  have  gotten  better 
acquaintance,  and  onlie  desireth  the  recommendation  of 
his  state  to  my  L.  for  some  priviledge  to  be  given  him  by 
her  Majestic  for  the  onlie  teaching  of  this  his  own  in- 
vention, and  the  printing  of  such  things  as  shall  be  taken 
by  that  mean,  as  also  of  his  own  travayles  in  his  pro- 
fession ;  matters  reasonable  in  my  poor  opinion  to  be 
required,  and  wherein  there  should  be  no  difficultie  to 
obtain,  considering  how  some  other  states,  to  incourage 
their  own  people,  and  to  take  use  of  their  Laboures,  pro- 
pound rewards  and  compound  with  the  Inventors  of  any 
serviceable  art. 

"  The  art  he  will  teach  Mr.  Robert.  And  when  he  hath 
taught  it  to  his  brother  who  onlie  hath  the  practice,  he 
will  bring  him  to  the  Court,  or  to  his  lodging  at  London 
to  make  proof  of  it,  to  the  intent  he  male  the  better 


394 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°'i  S.  No  46.,  Nov.  15.  '66. 


report  uppon  experience.  This  paper  included  will  shew 
it,  though  it  cannot  deliver  it.  Which  contayneth  the 
whole  epistle  to  Titus.  A  matter  of  great  use  and  com- 
moditie,  to  couch  much  matter  in  so  short  compasse,  and 
to  take  a  speech  from  anie  man's  mouth  as  he  delivereth 
it,  which  both  j'our  Lawyers  in  your  Court-houses,  and 
students  in  the  Universitie  male  make  good  use  of. 

"  I  praie  you  for  that  I  found  Mr.  Robert  in  good  dis- 
position to  see  the  practice,  and  to  give  the  Author  his 
good  word ;  furthermore,  take  some  time  to  know  when 
his  pleasure  male  be  to  appoint  the  Doctor  to  attend  on 
him  and  lett  the  partie  understand  of  it  whom  you  male 
find  near  St.  Bartholomew's  hospitall  where  he  hath  a 
house,  and  maie  provoke  him  by  this  courtesie  to  do  as 
much  for  j'ou  as  Mr.  Babingtons  bai-ber  had  done  in  a 
like  case,  of  using  his  art  and  facultie  by  requitall.  And 
thus  I  commend  me  heartilie  to  you,  desiring  you  to  re- 
commend my  poor  favour  to  Mr.  Robert  as  of  one  who 
according  to  that  dutie  and  devotion  he  oweth  to  the 
roote  beareth  a  like  affectionate  goodwill  to  the  branch, 
which  he  will  also  be  readie  to  pursue  and  perform  with 
everie  serviceable  otfice  he  maie  to  his  uttermost  poor 
abilitie.  —  Enfield  house,  this  xxx  first  of  March,  1586. 
Your  assuredlie  assured,  Vin.  Skynner. 
"  To  my  verie  loving  friend 

Mr.  Michael  Hicks, 

At  Lincoln's  Inn."  * 

From  this  date  short-hand  had  made  such  pro- 
gress that  Morhof,  in  his  Polyhistor,  1747  (i.  727.), 
wrote,  — 

"Nowhere  has  the  art  of  swift  and  secret  writing 
flourished  so,  and  been  more  diligently  cultivated  than 
among  the  English." 

And  in  the  French  Encyclopedie,  under  the  ar- 
ticle "  Tachygraphie,"  it  is  confessed  that  — 

"  The  English  are  those  of  all  people  in  the  world  which 
most  generally  use,  and  have  made  the  greatest  progress 
in  this  art.  ...  In  short,  they  have  brought  this 
kind  of  writing  to  perfection." 

Among  my  rare  treasures  on  this  subject  is  a 
beautiful  copy  with  the  synoptical  table,  in  vellum, 
of— 

"  Characterie.  An  arte  of  shorte,  swifte,  and  secrete 
writing  by  Character.  Inuented  by  Timothe  Bright, 
Doctor  of  Phisike.  Imprinted  at  London  by  J.  Windet, 
the  Assigne  of  Tim.  Bright,  1588.  Ctim  privilegio  BegicB 
Ifaiestatis.  Forbidding  all  other  to  print  the  same." 
24mo.,  not  paged. 

Benjamin  Hanbury. 

16.  Gloucester  Villas,  Brixton. 


Ballad  on  Agincourt  (2"^  S.  ii.  349.)— The  fine 
old  ballad  referred  to  by  Mr.  Collier  may  safely 
be  ascribed  to  the  reign  of  Elizabeth,  if  not  to  an 
earlier  period.  It  was,  undoubtedly,  popular  be- 
fore 1600,  in  which  year  it  is  quoted  by  Thomas 
Heywood  in  the  First  Part  of  King  Edward  the 
Fourth  (Act  III.  Sc.  2.,  ed.  Shakspeare  Society). 
It  occurs  in  the  scene  between  the  King  and  the 

♦  Lansdowne  MSS.,  vol.  11.,  art.  27. 


Tanner,  where  Hobs  and  his  companions  sing  «fc 
to  his  disguised  Majesty,  as  a  "three  man's  song." 

"  Agincourt,  Agincourt !  know  ye  not  Agincourt? 
Where  the  English  slew  and  hurt 

All  the  French  foemen  ? 
With  our  Guns  and  Bills  brown. 
Oh,  the  French  were  beat  down, 

Morris-pikes  and  Bowmen,"  &c. 

I  have  seen  a  black-letter  broadside  of  this 
ballad,  but  cannot  say,  from  not  having  "  taken  a 
Note  "  at  the  time,  in  what  collection.  I  think, 
however,  that  it  was  in  the  Pepysian.  It  has  not 
been  reprinted,  as  far  as  my  knowledge  extends, 
in  any  of  the  numerous  ballad-books,  dating  from 
the  1723  Old  Ballads  downwards. 

As  regards  Henry  Harper,  the  printer,  I  do  not 
find  that  he  printed  anything  before  the  reign  of 
Charles  II.,  or  perhaps  the  latter  part  of  the  Com- 
monwealth. I  am  making  collections  for  a  history 
of  our  old  ballad  printers,  and  should  be  glad  of 
any  facts  or  dates  upon  this  interesting  subject. 

The  black-letter  type  was  used  by  ballad- 
printers  down  to  1700,  and  perhaps  for  some  few 
years  beyond.  We  cannot  judge  of  the  date  of  a 
ballad  from  the  fact  of  its  being  in  black-letter,  as 
I  find  instances  of  the  same  metal  types  being- 
used  by  Gosson  in  the  reign  of  James  I.,  and  by 
Thackeray  at  the  end  of  the  same  century. 

I  am  delighted  to  hear  that  Mr.  Collier  is 
making  progress  with  his  new  edition  of  Shaks- 
peare, an  edition  that  the  real  lovers  of  the  poet 
are  looking  forward  to  with  the  deepest  interest. 
Edward  F.  Kimbault. 

"  The  Carmagnoles  "  (2""^  S.  ii.  269.  334.)  — 
Both  the  querist  and  the  answerer  are  in  error  as 
to  the  name  of  this  air,  which  is  not  Les  Car- 
magnoles, but  La  Carmagnole,  and  is  a  dance, 
from  which  the  air  takes  its  name.  The  refrain 
of  the  song  is  "  Dansons  la  Carmagnole,"  &c.  I 
do  not  know  why  J.  H.  H.  characterises  it  as  "  one 
of  the  most  sanguinary  songs  of  the  first  Revo- 
lution." The  original  versions  of  the  song  had 
nothing  sanguinary,  but  rather,  indeed,  were  an 
attempt  at  light  pleasantry  ;  as  for  instance,  in 
allusion  to  some  supposed  plot  of  the  queen  against 
Paris,  it  was  sung  : 

"  Madame  Yeto  a  promis 
De  reduire  tout  Paris ;  ' 
Mais  son  coup  a  manqu^, 
Grace  a  nos  Grenadiers ! 
Dansons  la  Carmagnole,"  &c. 

And  on  the  Duke  of  Brunswick's  retreat . 

"  Monsieur  Brunswick  a  promis 
De  marcher  tout  droit  a  Paris, 
Mais  quel  diable  chemin  ? 
II  s'en  est  alle  par  Louvain ! 
Dansons  La  Carmagnole. 
Vive  le  son  (bis) 
Du  Canon." 

There  were  a  gi*eat  many  verses  of  a  similar  kind, 


2nd  s.  N"  4G.,  Nov.  15.  '50,] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


395 


and  no  doubt  many  were  successively  added,  and 
as  the  revolutionary  fury  proceeded  to  murder 
and  massacre,  it  is  very  likely  that  stanzas  of  a 
sanguinary  character  may  have  been  interpolated, 
but  I  do  not  remember  to  have  heard  or  read  any 
such.  About  the  time  this  song  was  first  in 
vogue,  the  mob  in  the  streets  began  to  wear  round 
jackets  without  skirts  (the  bonnet  rouge  followed  a 
little  later),  and  these  jackets  were  then,  and  I 
believe  still  are,  sometimes  called  carmagnoles. 
The  name  was  certainly  derived  from  Carmagnola, 
a  town  in  Piedmont,  where  the  dance  was  pro- 
bably invented,  and  which  also  gave  his  nom  de 
guerre  to  the  celebrated  Francesco  Buffo.  [Bas- 
sone  ?] 

I  wonder  that  J.  H.  H.  should  have  had  any 
difficulty  in  finding  the  music.  I  have  seen  it  fre- 
quently in  a  separate  shape,  and  I  have  it  in  two 
collections.  But  I  am  still  more  surprised  at 
finding  it  employed  as  a  chime  on  so  solemn  an 
occasion  as  Rex  describes  at  Chamounix,  and 
cannot  help  suspecting  some  mistake.  The  air 
has  some  resemblance  to  more  than  one  of  the 
many  chimes  common  in  France,  called  Carillons ; 
and  the  improbability  of  the  revolutionary  Car- 
magnole becoming  a  kind  of  religious  requiem  or 
alleluia  in  the  remotest  valley  of  the  Alps  is  so 
great  that  I  should  suppose  that  J.  H.  H.  must 
have  misunderstood  his  informants,  or  misheard 
Carmagnole  for  Carillon.  C. 

This  shall  be  copied  from  a  cotemporaneous 
printed  copy,  and  left  for  J.  H.  H.  at  the  pub- 
lishers, Messrs.  Bell  &  Daldy,  next  month,  as 
J.  H.  H.  gives  no  address.  F.  A.  C. 

Magdalen  College,  Oxford:  John  Huddleston 
(2"*^  S.  ii.  57.) — I.  am  under  the  impression  that 
the  Father  Huddleston  who  was  confessor  to  the 
Duke  of  York  was  the  same  person  as  the  Father 
liurlston  or  Hodlestone  who  aided  Charles  II.  in 
his  escape,  after  leaving  Boscobel.  If  so,  he  can 
hardly  be  identical  with  the  "  John  Huddleston  " 
recommended  for  a  Demyship  at  Magdalen  by 
King  James,  some  five  and  thirty  years  after- 
wards. 

Was  this  Father  Huddleston  a  Cumberland 
man,  or  was  he  a  member  of  the  ancient  family  of 
that  name  at  Sawston,  near  Cambridge? — the  pre- 
sent head  of  which,  according  to  a  recent  state- 
ment in  one  of  the  public  prints,  was  at  one  time 
all  but  engaged  to  Eugenie,  now  Empress  of  the 
French.  Henry  T.  Rilet. 

Celtic  Element  in  the  English  Language  (2"'^  S. 
ii,  308.)  —  Eden  Warwick  will  find  this  subject 
ably  treated  by  Latham  (English  Language, 
Walton  and  Maberly,  2  vols.,  28s.),  who  divides 
this  Celtic  element  into  five  classes.  1.  Words  of 
late  Introduction,  not  original  and  constituent 
parts  of  the  language.    2.  Words  common  to  the 


Celtic  and  Gothic  stocks,  and  more  properly 
termed  Indo-European.  3.  Words  which  have 
come  to  us  from  the  Celtic  through  the  medium 
of  some  other  language.  4.  Words  which  have 
been  retained  from  the  original  Celtic,  forming 
constituent  parts  of  the  language.  5.  Words  only 
employed  in  the  districts  bordering  upon  the 
Welsh,  Cornish,  or  Gaelic  —  i.  e.  provincialisms. 
Dr.  Latham  adds  that  there  are  no  vestiges  of 
the  Celtic  in  the  grammatical  structure  of  the 
English  language.  Turelkeld. 

Cambridge. 

The  Queen's  Case  Stated  (2"'^  S.  ii.  329.)  —  In 
reply  to  the  inquiry  of  Uneda,  I  beg  to  forward 
the  following  lines : 

;  "  THE  queen's  alphabet, 

«  Bi/  the  Hon.  W.  H.  J.  Scott. 

"  A  was  an  Awning  that  covered  the  Queen. 

B  was  a  Bergami,  not  to  be  seen. 

C  was  a  Copley,  with  aquiline  beak. 

D  was  a  Denman,  who  quoted  some  Greek. 

E  was  an  Eldon,  who  sends  the  king's  writ. 

F  was  a  Flinn,  who  went  into  a  fit. 

G  was  a  Giiford,  who  pockets  large  fees. 

H  was  a  Hownam,  who  fell  on  his  knees. 

I  was  the  Inn  that  Dame  Barbara  kept. 

J  was  Jerusalem,  where  they  all  slept. 

K  was  a  Keppel,  who  saw  the  Queeu  walk. 

L  was  a  Lindsey,  who  heard  people  talk. 

M  was  Majocchi,  who  swore  in  September : 

N  was  the  Nothing  that  he  could  remembet 

0  was  Ompteda,  a  crony  of  Cooke's.     • 

P  was  a  Partner  of  Williams  and  Brooks. 

Q  was  the  Queen,  much  exposed  to  attack. 

R  was  Restelli  whom  Powell  sent  back. 

S  was  a  Sacchi,  be -hooted  and  hatted. 

T  was  the  Truth,  if  we  could  but  get  at  it. 

V  was  Vassali,  who  swore  all  he  could. 
VV  was  Wisdom,  and  also  is  Wood. 

X    was  Ex-Chancellor  living  in  clover. 

Y  was  the  Yacht  that  they  did  not  send  over. 
Z    was  the  Zealot  who  brought  her  to  Dover." 

C.  Oldershaw. 

Jericho  (2"*^  S.  ii.  330.)  —  One  of  the  suburbs 
of  Oxford  is  called  Jericho.  Can  any  of  your 
correspondents  say  when  it  first  received  this 
name  ?  It  having  the  reputation  of  being  de- 
voted to  much  the  same  "  futile  purposes  "  as  the 
Jericho  of  Henry  VIII.,  it  is  just  possible  that  it 
may  have  thence  derived  its  name.  Are  there 
any  more  Jerichos  in  England  ?  and  if  yes,  where  ? 
and  of  what  character  ?  Henry  T.  Riley. 

Ethergingis  (2"'^  S.  ii.  289.)  —  This  word,  which 
occurs  in  the  Liber  Winton,  is  from  the  genitive 
cegtheres  ganges,  which  means  "  on  either  side." 

Notary. 

Verses  in  Richmond  Park  (2°'^  S.  ii.  346.)  — 
Mr.  Croker's  lines  (No.  2.)  were  affixed  to  a 
tree,  7iot  in  "  Richmond  Park,"  where  they  would 
have  had  no  meaning,  but  to  a  tree  in  the  village 
of  West  Moulsey  in  Surrey,  that  gentleman's  pro- 


396 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  N°  46.,  Nov.  15.  '66. 


perty,  round  which  he  had  opened  a  space  and 
placed  a  seat  for  the  use  of  the  public ;  and  the 
lines  were  addressed,  not  to  "  Strangers "  (as 
printed  in  "N.  &  Q."),  but  to  "Neighbours." 
The  warning,  however,  I  am  sorry  to  be  obliged 
to  add,  was  ineffectual.  In  a  few  years  the  tree 
was  seriously  injured,  the  inscription  torn  down, 
and  the  seat  destroyed  by  the  perverse  mischief  of 
some  of  those  to  whose  use  they  had  been  thus 
dedicated.  C. 

Honora  Sneyd :  Miss  Edgeworth :  Major  Andre 
<2"''  S.  i.  383. ;  ii.  36.)  —  I  have  not  seen  "N.  & 
Q."  for  several  weeks,  and  only  accidentally  ob- 
served, when  glancing  over  some  back  numbers 
on  this  day,  that  a  writer  (2"''  S.  ii.  36.)  speaks  of 
Mr.  Fitz-Patbick  as  having  expressed  himself 
incorrectly,  whereas  it  was  the  Philadelphian  Port- 
folio that  really  did  so,  as  any  reader  of  "  N.  & 
Q."  can  ascertain  by  reference. 

Serviens,  the  biographer  of  Major  Andre, 
more  than  two  years  ago  expressed  a  wish,  through 
the  medium  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  that  his  attention 
should  be  directed  to  such  scattered  allusions  to 
that  unfortunate  officer  as  might  exist  among  the 
unindexed  pages  of  old  newspapers  and  magazines. 
I  accordingly  extracted  for  him  from  Thomas 
Moore's  private  copy  of  the  Portfolio,  some  rele- 
vant references,  which  having  been  duly  acknow- 
ledged by  me,  and  printed  in  minion  type  by 
your  compositor,  ought,  one  would  think,  to  have 
shown  the  critic  that,  so  far  from  volunteering 
original  statements,  I  merely  quoted.  My  own 
allegations  were  perfectly  correct. 

Richard  Lovel  Edgeworth  married  Honora 
Sneyd  in  1774,  and  on  that  lady's  death,  six  years 
subsequently,  laecame  allied  to  her  sister. 

While  I  am  on  this  subject,  I  ought,  perhaps,  to 
introduce  the  following  original  cutting  to  Major 
Andre's  biographer  : 

"  The  late  Major  Andri. 

"  We  (^Courier')  received  this  morning  a  letter  from 
New  York,  addressed  as  follows :  '  To  any  of  the  relatives 
of  the  late  Major  Andr^,  London.  If  the  relatives  of 
Major  Andr^  cannot  be  found,  please  send  this  to  the 
■  Editor  of  the  Courier,  to  be  opened  by  him.'  We  have 
accordingly  opened  the  letter,  and  it  will,  perhaps,  ac- 
complish the  writer's  object  to  insert  it  here. 

'NewYork,  Dec.25, 1821. 

'While  the  remains  of  Major  Andre  remained  on  board 
the  British  packet,  in  this  harbour,  six  young  ladies,  of 
this  city,  sent  on  board  of  that  vessel  a  beautiful  Myrtle, 
and  some  Lines  addressed  to  the  "  Shade  of  Andre,  from 
Miss  Seward,"  —  and  others  from  "  Washington  to  Ar- 
nold." The  Captain  had  orders  to  deliver  them  to  the 
relatives  of  the  interesting  Andr^,  and  the  writer  is  de- 
sired by  the  parties  concerned  here,  to  give  you  this  hint. 
If  these  tokens  of  sympathy  and  respect  are  received, 
please  inform  us  through  the  British  Consul,  Mr.  Bu- 
channan,  of  this  city,  or  the  London  Courier. 

'  Washington.'  " 
Wiiii-iAM  John  Fitz-Patbick. 

Stillorgan,  Dublin. 


Newcourfs  ^'^ Repertorium"  (1"  S.  xii.  381.;  2""* 
S.  i.  261. ;  ii.  304.  374.)  —  With  reference  to  the 
proposal  for  a  new  edition  of  Newcourt's  Reper- 
torium,  I  find  I  have  pasted  upon  a  blank  leaf  of 
my  copy  the  following  extract  from  Thorpe's 
Catalogue  of  Books  of  1841 : 

"  971.  Newcourfs  Repertorium  Ecclesiasticum :  an  Ec- 
clesiastical Parochial  History  of  the  Diocese  of  London, 
portrait  and  plates,  interleaved  and  bound  in  4  vols, 
folio,  very  neat,  in  tree-marbled  calf,  gilt  edges,  Ibl.  lbs. 
1708-10. 

u  *^*  fjjg  above,  which  was  the  author's  copy,  is  inter- 
leaved throughout,  and  contains  most  interesting  MS. 
additions  by  him,  extracts  from  old  documents,  pedi- 
grees, &c. ;  also  a  portrait  of  the  author,  by  Sturt,  and 
several  other  prints,  together  with  some  Notes  by  a  more 
recent  possessor,  respecting  the  portraits  of  the  persons 
mentioned  in  the  work.  It  is  of  course  quite  unique,  and 
will  be  invaluable  in  any  civic  collection." 

An  Inquiry  through  "  X.  &  Q."  would  easily 
ascertain  to  what  library  this  copy  passed  when  it 
left  Thorpe.  It  should  certainly  be  seen  by  any 
one  who  undertakes  the  task  of  re-editing  New- 
court's  work. 

Richard  Newcourt  was  buried  at  Greenwich  in 
Kent,  Feb.  26,  1715.  H.  E. 

Dr.  Gauntlett  and  William  Morley  (2°'^  S.  H. 
334.)  —  Your  readers  must  have  been  amused 
with  Dr.  Gauntlett's  letter  defending  his  mistake 
about  the  date  of  William  Morley's  death.  Not  to 
take  up  too  much  of  the  valuable  space  of  "  N.  & 
Q."  upon  a  subject  of  such  limited  interest,  I  shall 
merely  call  attention  to  the  fact  that  Dr.  Gaunt- 
lett, in  fixing  1740  as  the  date  of  Morley's  death, 
has  the  cool  assurance  to  tell  your  readers  that  he 
consulted  my  Collection  of  Chants,  by  which  he 
was  led  into  the  error  ! 

At  the  time  when  I  published  the  said  work  I 
had  not  made  my  copy  of  the  Cheque-book  of  the 
Chapel  Royal ;  consequently,  not  being  able  to 
give  the  exact  date  of  Morley's  death,  1  qualified 
my  statement  by  saying,  "  he  is  supposed  to  have 
died  about  1738."  If  Dr.  Gauntlett  had  copied 
my  words  he  would  have  been  safe  ;  but  he  pre- 
ferred making  a  date  to  suit  his  own  purposes : 
consequently  he  has  "  fallen  into  the  ditch,"  as  he 
expresses  it,  where  I  shall  leave  him  for  the  pre- 
sent, sincerely  wishing  him  a  speedy  recovery  from 
his  accident.  Edward  F.  Rimbault. 

CromweU  House,  OldBrompton  (2"'^  S.  Ii.  291.) 
—  In  his  paper  under  the  above  title.  Dr.  Rim- 
bault states  that  "in  1668,  Hale  House  waa  in- 
habited by  the  Lawrences  of  Shurdington,  in 
Gloucestershire,  and  that  in  1682,  it  was  in  the 
occupation  of  Francis  Lord  Howard  of  Effingham. 
He  was  the  5th  baron,  and  had  three  daughters 
and  three  sons,  the  second  of  whom,  Thomas  (a 
copy  of  the  register  of  whose  birth  Is  given),  suc- 
ceeded to  the  title."  I  should  feel  obliged  to 
Dr.  Kimbadlt,  or  any  other  of  your  correspon- 


2nd  s.  No  46.,  Nov.  15.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


397 


dents,  for  information  as  to  whether  either  of  these 
six  children  of  Lord  Francis  intermarried  with  the 
Shurdington  Lawrences.  If  the  two  families  were 
not  connected  in  this  direct  manner,  I  believe 
they  became  so  by  the  marriage  of  Joseph  Law- 
rence with  Mary  Townley,  who  was  the  (only  ?) 
child  of  one  of  Lord  Francis  Howard's  daughters 
by  Mr.  Townley.  The  marriage  of  Joseph  Law- 
rence with  Mary  Townley  took  place  in  France. 

The  scanty  information  I  possess  on  this  subject 
is  derived  from  some  records  at  New  York,  where 
the  name  of  Lawrence  seems  very  common,  and 
at  least  one  Effingham  Lawrence  was  living  there 
a  few  years  since.  The  coincidence  of  these  two 
names  is  curious,  if  only  accidental ;  but  I  under- 
stand that  many  persons  have  borne  them  at  dif- 
ferent times. 

I  may  be  entirely  on  the  wrong  track,  but  I 
should  feel  thankful  for  any  information  on  the 
subject.  E.  H.  V. 

Bayswater. 

''Bath  Characters"  1808  (2°'^  S.  ii.  172.  2.53.) 
—  My  Key  to  Bath  Characters  agrees  with  that 
of  Anon.,  with  the  addition  of  "  Snorum  —  Mr. 
Coombes." 

A.  conjectures  rightly  that  the  work  created  a 
sensation  at  the  time,  as  did  another  publication 
by  the  same  author,  also  in  1808  :  Rebellion  in 
Bath,  or  the  Battle  of  the  Upper  Rooms,  a  4to. 
vol.  in  Homeric  verse,  founded  on  an  occurrence 
which  took  place  in  1769,  when  two  Masters  of  the 
Ceremonies  were  chosen.  The  author  alters  the 
cause  of  the  "  Rebellion,"  but  makes  the  Bath 
Characters  of  1 808  the  principal  actors  in  it,  and 
introduces  a  few  others. 

The  event  is  thus  described  in  the  Bath  and 
Bristol  Chronicle  of  April  13,  1769,  and  may  be 
interesting  to  your  readers  : 

"  Never'was  such  a  scene  of  anarchy,  riot,  and  confu- 
sion in  this  city,  or  exhibited  in  any  assembly  that  has 
pretensions  to  politeness,  as  happened  on  Tuesday  night 
last  at  Mr.  Simpson's  Rooms,  when  the  friends  of  Mr.  B. 
and  Mr.  Plomer  met  mutually  to  support  their  choice  of 
each  of  the  above  gentlemen,  as  Master  of  the  Ceremonies. 

"  Before  the  minuets  began  a  written  paper  was  pro- 
duced by  a  gentleman  in  the  interest  of  Mr.  Plomer, 
which  he  requested  to  be  permitted  to  read,  but  hisses, 
groans,  and  other  indecent  marks  of  disapprobation  from 
the  other  party  prevented  it,  and  a  general  confusion  was 
the  consequence. 

"  Among  the  gentlemen,  scandalous  epithets  soon  pro- 
duced blows,  and  among  the  ladies  <^who  began  the  fray), 
the  spirit  of  opposition  afforded  work  for  the  milliners, 
hair-dressers,  and,  mantua-makers.  At  last  the  Mayor 
appeared  with  his  proper  officers  and  the  deputy  Town 
Clerk  to  appease  the  tumult,  which  was  at  length  effected, 
after  the  Riot  Act  had  been  three  times  read." 

In  this  work  the  satire  is  far  severer  than  in 
Bath  Characters.  The  most  strenuous  efforts 
were  made  to  discover  the  author,  but  in  vain  :  the 
secret  has  been  as  well  kept  as  that  of  "  Junius." 


Can  Anon,  or  any  of  your  readers  inform  me  who 
was  Mr.  B.,  one  of  the  M.  C.'s  in  1769,  or  furnish 
me  with  a  Key  to  the  other  characters  introduced 
in  the  Battle  f  viz.  : 

Lady  Wilhelmina  Puff. 

Mrs.  Chatter. 

Madame  Pannikin. 

Pompo  Gorgon. 

Petulant. 

Owen. 

Fidel. 

The  Gallant  D.,  and 

Solemn  T. 


B.  H.  B. 


Bath. 


Epitaph  at  Abinger  (2°'i  S.  ii.  306.)  --  This 
epitaph  is  not  original:  it  will  be  found  in  the 
churchyard  of  Bradford,  Yorkshire,  with  a  few 
verbal  alterations,  as  follows  : 

"  My  stithy  and  my  hammer  I  reclined, 
My  bellows  too  have  lost  their  wind ; 
My  fire's  extinguish'd,  and  my  forge  decay'd, 
And  in  the  silent  dust  my  vice  is  laid : 
My  coal  is  spent,  my  stock  of  iron  gone. 
My  last  nail  driven,  and  my  work  is  done. 
John  Hill,  died  1813." 

Similar  epitaphs  on  blacksmiths  are  probably 
to  be  found  in  various  other  parts  of  the  country. 
The  above  I  copied  from  a  flat  grave-stone  not 
many  weeks  ago.  N.  L.  T. 

Lord  Bean  of  York  (2°^  S.  ii.  171. 294.)— There 
were  two  Wykehamists  in  the  sixteenth  century 
named  John  Younge  :  one,  Warden  of  New  Col- 
lege, April  13,  1521,  and  Bishop  of  Calliopolis, 
Feb.  3,  1513-14;  the  other  was  Fellow  of  New 
College,  Dean  of  York,  May  17,  1514,  envoy  to 
Austria  and  France,  and  Master  of  the  Rolls  ;  the 
former  was  born  at  Newton  Longueville,  the 
latter  at  Rye.  A  reference  to  Mr.  Hardy's  edi- 
tion of  Le  Neve's  Fasti  would  show  whether  any 
Dean  of  York  was  likewise  a  suffragan  about  that 
period.  Mackenzie  Walcott,  M.  A. 

Nearsightedness  (2""  S.  H.  149.  236.  257.)  —  I 
have  seen  it  stated  in  works  on  physiology  that 
the  highly  nutritious  and  concentrated  food,  to- 
gether with  the  reading  and  other  sedentary 
habits  of  the  higher  classes,  has  a  close  connection 
with  the  nearsightedness  so  palpably  prevalent 
amongst  them.  That  many  maji  affect  such  a  de- 
fect is  true,  but  that  it  is  not  far  more  prevalent 
among  the  upper  than  the  lower  classes  is  an  idea 
at  variance  with  universal  testimony  and  expe- 
rience. As  a  general  thing  those  engaged  in 
agricultural  pursuits,  and  who  seldom  read  or 
try  the  eyes  by  close  application,  are  quite  free 
from  this  defect.  In  this  county  (Somerset)  a 
nearsighted  ploughman  or  out-door  labourer  of 
any  class  would,  I  am  sure,  be  a  rara  avis,  and  so 
would  he  be,  I  presume,  in  any  other  county. 
Of  course  tailors,  shoemakers,  weavers,  and  all 


398 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»a  S.  N"  dC,  Nov.  15.  '56. 


tliose  whose  business  calls  for  constant  exercise 
of  the  eyes,  are  more  or  less  liable  to  become 
nearsighted.  Editors,  clergymen,  literary  cha- 
racters, and  laborious  students  generally,  com- 
plain more  or  less  of  this  defect.  So  that,  leaving 
out  of  the  question  predisposing  causes,  such  as 
high  living,  dissipation,  &c.,  it  seems  a  well  ascer- 
tained fact  that  the  eye  is  liable  to  become 
affected  in  this  way,  just  in  proportion  to  the 
exercise  it  is  subjected  to.  Vox. 

Continuation  o/"  Candide  "  (2""^  S.  ii.  229.  319.) 
—  There  may  be  more  than  one  English  trans- 
lation of  the  second  part  of  Candide.  The  only 
one  which  I  know  is  of  both  parts,  London,  1814, 
8vo.,  pp.  263.  There  is  no  "  valuable  matter  "  in 
the  preface,  which  begins  : 

"  The  original  work  written  by  Mr.  De  Voltaire  was 
intended  to  ridicule  the  notion  propagated  by  Rousseau 
in  one  of  his  works,  I  believe  his  Confessions,  that  all's  for 
the  best." 
It  ends : 

"  Let  Byron  picture  horror  and  remorse, 
As  if  his  anguished  breast  still  felt  the  force ; 
Let  Campbell  sing  of  hope,  and  Moore  of  love, 
While  to  their  notes  our  breasts  responsive  move. 
Voltaire's  pervading  genius  attic  wit  to  shew 
In  English  prose  be  mine,  the  modest  humble  task : 
No  merit  in  translation  ?     Critic,  say  not  so ; 
My  honest  countrymen  to  please  is  all  I  ask." 
I  have  not  seen  the  original  French,  so  cannot 
say  whether  it  is  a  good  imitation  of  Voltaire's 
style  or  not,  but  even  this  translation  gives  suffi- 
cient notion  of  the  matter  to  make  one  wonder 
that  such  poor  stuff  should  have  imposed  upon 
any  editor.     I  will  give  only  one  instance.     At 
p.  181.  Candide  is  attacked  by  robbers,  his  leg 
broken  by  a  bullet,  and  afterwards  cut  off  to  pre- 
vent mortification  ;  at  p.  206.  he  wears  a  wooden 
one ;  and  at  p.  243.  he  dances  "  with  the  best 
grace  in  the  world."  H.  B.  C. 

U.  U.  Club. 

"  Candide  "  and  the  "  Quarterly  Review  "  (2"''  S. 
ii.  349.) — The  original  of  the  words,  "Are  you  also 
a  king  ?  No,  your  majesties,  and  I  have  no  desire 
to  be,"  are  not  to  be  found  in  the  edition  of  Vol- 
taire's Works,  in  seventy-one  volumes,  published 
at  Basle  in  1789,  nor  in  the  Romans  de  Voltaire, 
published  by  the  Didots  in  Paris,  an  viii  (1800). 
The  extei-nal  evidence  is  opposed  to  the  introduc- 
tion of  these  words ;  so  also  is  the  internal ;  for  at 
the  opening  of  this  interview  Candide  had  antici- 
pated the  question  by  telling  the  six  kings,  an- 
other instance  of  his  simplicity,  that  he  was  not 
himself  a  king,  "  pourquoi  etes-vous  tous  rois  ? 
pour  moi,  je  vous  avoue  que  ni  moi  ni  Martin 
nous  ne  le  sommes :  "  and  that  they  so  understood 
him  is  clear  from  their  designating  him  "  ce  simple 
particulier,"  equivalent  to  "  une  personne  privee." 
The  inquiry  of  the  kings  amongst  themselves, 
evidently  not  addressed  to  Candide,  "  et  qui  le 


donne  ?  "  omitted  by  the  reviewer,  is  followed  in 
the  original  by  a  description  of  the  entrance, 
"  dans  I'instant  qu'on  sortait  de  table,"  of  four 
Serene  Highnesses,  who  had  also  lost  their  do- 
minions by  the  fate  of  war,  to  whom  Candide 
could  afford  only  a  glance,  being  absorbed  in  the 
thought  of  meeting  his  Cunegarda.  I  concur  with 
the  Hermit  of  Hampstead  that  the  introduction 
of  these  words,  so  far  from  meriting  the  encomium 
passed  on  them  by  the  reviewer,  are  beneath  the 
art  of  Voltaire.  T.  J.  Buckton. 

Lichfield. 

Count  Vilain  XIV.  (2"'^  S.  i.  232. ;  Ii.  338.)  — 
Your  correspondent,  in  his  inquiries  after  the 
origin  of  the  appendix  to  their  name  adopted  by 
the  Vilain  family,  has  not  given  the  cause  most 
generally  asserted  to  have  been  the  occasion  of 
that  singular  nominal  distinction.  AVhen  Louis 
XIV.,  in  the  flush  of  victory,  was  receiving  the 
congratulations  and  petitions  of  the  conquered 
Flemish  nobles,  the  Count  Vilain  presented  him- 
self, and  humbly  besought  his  majesty  to  permit 
him  to  change  his  name.  The  king,  probably  ir- 
ritated at  being  troubled  with  a  request  so  truly 
trivial,  answered  tetchily,  "  What  !  are  you 
ashamed  of  your  name,  then  take  mine."  The 
monarch  knew  well  he  was  addressing  one  of  the 
highest  nobles  In  the  land,  and  the  descendant  of 
a  most  ancient  lineage.  This  is  believed  to  be  the 
credited  version,  and  adopted  by  the  family. 

Henky  D'Avenet. 

Instrument  of  Torture  (2'"5  S.  ii.  109.)  —  In 
Bryan  Edwards's  History  of  the  West  Indies  (third 
edition,  1801),  I  find  a  copy  of  the  "  Consolidated 
Slave  Act  of  Jamaica,  passed  the  2nd  of  March, 
1792,"  the  following  clause  of  which  seems  to 
afford  a  comment  on  the  extract  given  by  W.  W. : 

"XV.  And  whereas  a  mischievous  practice  hath  some- 
times prevailed  of  punishing  ill-disposed  slaves,  and  such 
as  are  apt  to  abscond  from  their  owners,  by  fixing  or 
causing  to  be  fixed  round  the  necks  of  such  slaves  an 
iron  collar  with  projecting  bars  or  hooks,  to  prevent  the 
future  desertion  of  such  slaves :  Be  it  further  enacted  by 
the  authority  aforesaid,  That  such  practice  is  hereby  de- 
clared to  be  utterly  unlawful,  and  that  no  person  shall, 
on  any  pretence  whatsoever,  under  the  penalty  of  fifty 
pounds,  punish  any  negro  or  other  slave,  whether  his  own 
property  or  otherwise,  by  fixing,  or  causing  to  be  fixed, 
any  iron  or  other  collar  round  the  neck  of  such  slave, 
or  by  loading  the  body  or  limbs  of  such  slave,  for  any 
offence  whatsoever,  with  chains,  irons,  or  weights,  of 
any  kind,  other  than  such  as  are  absolutely  necessary  for 
securing  the  person  of  such  slave ;  and  all  and  every  the 
justices  of  the  peace,  within  this  island,  are  hereby  au- 
thorized, directed,  and  required,  under  the  penalty  of 
one  hundred  pounds,  on  information  and  view  of  such 
offence,  to  order  such  collar,  chains,  irons,  or  weights,  to 
be  immediately  taken  off  from  the  slave  or  slaves  wearing 
or  bearing  the  same." 

Another  clause  of  the  act  provides  for  the 
punishment  of  persons  found  guilty  of  "  mutilat- 
ing or  dismembering  any  slave  or  slaves."     It 


2nd  s.  No  46.,"Nov.  15.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


399 


would  seem  from  the  above,  that  the  slaves  in 
Jamaica  were,  even  as  late  as  1792,  punished  with 
great  severity.  Vox. 

Reading  of  the  Psalms  (2"^  S.  i.  213,  214.)— In 
the  reply  to  the  Query,  in  the  concluding  sen- 
tence, it  is  stated,  that  "to  maintain  a  chorus  (not 
a  singing,  but  a  responding  chorus,)  without  a 
choragus,  is  an  impossibility." 

What  is  here  pronounced  impossible  is  done 
every  Sunday  in  the  United  States.  Clerks  to 
lead  the  responses  of  the  congregation  were  not 
unusual  thirty-five  years  ago,  but  I  believe  that 
they  are  now  entirely  dispensed  with ;  at  any  rate, 
I  have  met  with  none  in  my  travels  in  the  eastern, 
middle,  and  western  states,  during  the  last  twenty 
years.  Uneda. 

Philadelphia. 

[Responding  in  order  and  unity  —  that  is  to  say  all 
persons  using  the  same  rhj'thms  and  tones  —  is  one 
thing  :  responding  in  disorder  and  confusion  —  every 
man  extemporising  the  rhythms  and  moving  from  in- 
flexion to  inflexion  as  he  may  please  —  is  another.  lie- 
sponding  in  order  and  unity  is  not  done  in  America,  or 
anywhere  on  this  melodious  planet,  Avithout  a  leader  and 
without  labour.] 

''Instructions  for  Lent''  (2"'»  S.  ii.  329.)  —  The 
author  of  this  work  was  the  Rev.  John  Gother. 
It  forms  the  third  volume  of  the  sixteen  contain- 
ing his  spiritual  works,  apart  from  his  works  of 
controversy.  He  was  a  convert  to  the  Catholic 
Faith,  and  was  the  chief  instrument,  under  God, 
of  the  conversion  of  the  eminent  Bishop  Challoner. 
This  book  of  Instructions  for  Lent  is  well  known, 
and  highly  esteemed.  F.  C.  H. 

Bones,  Manure  (2""*  S.  ii.  99.)  —  I  have  heard 
it  stated  that  the  contents  of  the  charnel-houses  in 
the  north  of  Germany  are  shipped  in  vast  quanti- 
ties to  Hull,  and  that  a  considerable  proportion  of 
the  cargoes  imported  there  consists  of  human 
bones.  Perhaps  some  of  your  readers  may  be 
able  to  state  more  positively  whether  or  not  this 
is  the  fact.  Henky  T.  Riley. 

General  Epistles  (2"*  S.  i.  209.)  —  I  apprehend 
that  the  disquisition  on  the  point  raised  by 
Abhba  will  scarcely  suit  your  columns.  I  there- 
fore furnish  him  with  the  following  references  : 

Whitby  on  New  Testament,  vol.  iv.  p.  939.,  ed.  1847. 
Home  „  „  vol.  iv.  p.  427.,  ed.  9. 

Tomline      „  „  p.  322.,  ed.  19th. 

Lardner      „  „         vol.  vi.  p.  467. 

Kitto,  sub  voce  Epistles,  Bib.  CycL,  p.  644. 
Theological  Critic,  ed.  T.  K.  Arnold,  vol.  ii.  p.  373.,  "On 
the  Most  Ancient  Canon  of  the  New  Testament." 

Also  consult  Alford  and  Hug,  Lachmann  and 
Tischendorf,  or  Olshausen.  F.  S. 

Thorolds  (2""  S.  ii.  289.)  —  Burke  would  make 
his  statement  on  the   authority  of  the  Thorolds 


themselves.  He  applied  to  each  family  for  their 
pedigree,  and  certain  other  particulars,  and  pub- 
lished the  information  he  received.  He  did  not 
pretend  to  correct  people's  pedigrees  for  them, 
or  to  test  the  accuracy  of  their  family  traditions. 
Of  course  he  was  anxious  his  work  should  be 
correct,  but  he  was  obliged  to  depend  on  the 
parties  he  applied  to.         Oke  of  those  Parties. 

Mottoes  for  a  Common-place  Book,  Index  He- 
rum,  or  Note  Book  (2"<i  S.  ii.  327.)  —  Your  cor- 
respondent may  add  the  following  to  his  collec- 
tion : 

"  Because  it  is  but  a  counterfeit  thing  in  knowledges 
to  be  forward  and  pregnant,  except  a  man  be  deep  and 
full,  I  hold  the  entry  of  common- places  to  be  a  matter  of 
great  use  and  essence  in  studying,  as  that  which  as- 
sureth  copie  of  invention,  and  contracteth  judgement  to 
a  strength.  But  this  is  true,  that  of  the  methods  of 
common-places  that  I  have  seen,  there  is  none  of  any 
suSicient  worth ;  all  of  them  carrying  merely  the  face  of 
a  school,  and  not  of  a  world;  and  referring  to  vulgar 
matters  and  pedantical  divisions,  without  all  life,  or  re- 
spect to  action."  —  Bacon's  Advancement  of  Learning,  \.  2. 
c.  16.  s.  1. 

"  Nihil  tmquam  legit,  quod  non  excerperet." —  Plinius 
junior,  Ep.  iii.  5.,  dicens  de  avunculo  suo. 

"  Maximi  quique  viri  et  commendant  et  adhibent  sedu- 
1am  excerpendi  curam.  Profecto  fidem  superat,  si  quia 
et  accurate,  et  continenter  script©  conservet,  quidquid 
constans  lectio  memoria  dignum  in  dies  ofTert,  quanta, 
quam  brevi  egregiarum  rerum  copia  congeratur." —  Sac- 
chinus,  de  ratione  libros  legendi,  p.  76. 

"  Dicit  Justus  Lipsius,  '  lectionem  ipsam  non  suflScere, 
ne  repetitam  quidem,  imo  nee  in  felicissima  memoria,  sed 
opus  esse  excerptis  quibusdam,  et  notis  rerum  verborum- 
que  singularium. ' " —  Epist.  Instit.,  cap.  12. 

N.  R. 

Lines  on  a  Watch  (2°^  S.  ii.  109.)  —The  beau- 
tiful lines  on  this  subject  by  Dr.  Byrom  are 
equalled,  I  think,  by  the  following,  which  deserve 
to  be  made  more  widely  known  by  insertion  in 
"N.  &  Q. :" 

"  To  a  Lady  with  the  present  of  a  Watch. 
"  "With  me  while  present,  may  thy  lovely  eyes 
Be  never  turn'd  upon  this  golden  toy : 
Think  every  pleasing  hour  too  swiftly  flies, 
And  measure  time  by  joy  succeeding  joy. 
"  But  when  the  cares  that  interrupt  our  bliss, 
To  me  not  always  will  thy  sight  allow, 
Then  oft  with  fond  impatience  look  on  this. 
Then  every  minute  count  —  as  I  do  now.' 

Can  any  of  your  correspondents  name  the 
author  ?  N.  L.  T. 

^S"^.  Peter  ivith  a  closed  Book  (2°'*  S.  ii.  268. 
319.)  -T-  Since  my  former  communication,  I  have 
met  with  an  instance  of  St.  Peter  represented  with 
a  closed  book,  as  well  as  the  keys.  It  occurs  in 
Bottesford  Church,  Leicestershire.  The  brass  of 
Henry  de  Codyngtoun  has  his  effigy  vested  in  a 
cope  ;  and  St.  Peter  appears  thus  on  the  orphrey. 
St.  Paul  is  on  the  opposite  side,  and  it  is  remark- 
able that  he  bears  a  sword  only,  and  no  book. 

F.  C.  H. 


400 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


'  [2nd  S.  No  46.,  Nov.  15.  '56, 


Madame  Dunois'  Court  of  England :  Beau  Wil' 
son  (1"  S.  xii.  495.)  —  The  lady,  from  whose  letters 
Madame  Dunois  took  her  account  of  the  singular 
elevation  of  Beau  Wilson,  and  his  subsequent 
death,  at  the  hands  of  Law,  of  Mississippi  notoriety, 
was  Mrs.  Manley,  most  probably.  The  letter, 
which  is  a  singular  production,  and  is  perhaps 
based  on  truth,  is  to  be  found  in  Familiar  Letters 
of  Love  and  Gallantry,  1724,  vol.  ii.  p.  61.  et  seq., 
where  it  is  the  first  (and  the  only  interesting  one) 
of  a  series  intituled  "  Original  Letters  from  the 
Island  of  New  Atlantis."  The  lady  who  lavished 
such  immense  wealth  upon  him  was  intended  for 
the  Duchess  of  Cleveland ;  who  finally  is  said  to 
have  incited  Law  to  challenge  him  to  a  duel  and 
murder  him.  Is  not  the  author  above  mentioned 
the  Countess  D'Annois  ? 

What  is  the  *'  very  different  source "  of  his 
wealth  that  is  alluded  to  in  the  article  above- 
mentioned  ?  Was  it  the  Philosopher's  Stone  ?  — 
which,  according  to  common  report,  he  had  dis- 
covered, HeNRT  T.  IllLEY. 


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6.  The  phrase, "  a  rod  in  pickle,"  has  rtference  to  a  practice  which 
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TRAITS OF  LITERARY  MEN.    By 
DR.  DIAMOND,  F.S.A. 

MESSRS.  BELL  &  DALDY  have  the  plea- 
sure of  announcing  that  they  have  leeeivcd 
copies  of  the  following  Photographic  Portraits 
by  DR.  DIAMOND,  which  may  now  be  had, 
price  Zs.  ad.  each  : 
SIR  HENRY  ELLIS,  F.R.S.,  Director  of  the 

Society  of  Antiquaries. 
The  REV.  DR.  MAJOR,  of  King's  College. 
PETER  CUNNINGHAM.  ESQ.,  F.S.A. 
The  EDITOR    OF   "NOTES    AND   QUE- 
RIES." 
London  :  BELL  &  DALDY,  186.  Fleet  Street. 

Price,  on  sheet,  with  Manual,  2s.    In  cloth, 
with  Manual,  3s. 

POCKET  CHART  OF  BRI- 
TISH ARCHITECTURE,  chronolo- 
gically arranged ;  containing  Seventy-five 
l^igures,  with  a  Descriptive  Manual.  By  AR- 
CHIBALD BARRINGTON,  M.D. 
London  :  BELL&  DALDY,  186.  Fleet  Street. 


2nd  s.  No  47.,  Nov.  22.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


401 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  NOVEMBER  22.  1856. 


ANGLO-SAXON    CHARTERS. 

[We  have  great  pleasure  in  calling  attention  to  the 
following  communication  from  Mk.  Kemble.  When  we 
consider  the  importance  of  the  documents  which  he  pro- 
poses to  re-edit —  their  value  as  materials  to  national  as 
well  as  local  historj'' — the  improved  arrangement  of  those 
already  printed  —  the  proposed  addition  of  no  less  than 
sixty  new  charters,  and  enlargement  of  the  glossary  of 
words  denoting  land-divisions  as  well  as  the  index  of 
local  names  —  We  can  scarcely  doubt  that  Mr.  Kemble 
will  at  once  receive  such  assurances  of  support  as  will  se- 
cure him  from  a  sacrifice  which  all  must  agree  that  he 
certainly  ought  "  not  to  be  called  upon  to  make."] 

In  answer  to  the  many  communications  with 
which  I  have  been  favoured,  respecting  the  Codex 
Diplomaticus  JEvi  Suxonici,  I  beg  to  state,  that  I 
am  prepared  to  publish  a  new  and  greatly  im- 
proved edition  of  the  work,  as  soon  as  I  see  that 
this  can  be  done  without  entailing  upon  me  a  sa- 
crifice which  I  ought  not  to  be  called  upon  to 
make.  Should  my  plan  be  carried  into  effect,  it 
will  comprise  the  following  details. 

An  addition  of  about  sixty  new  documents  will 
be  incorporated  in  the  work.  The  charters 
hitherto  dispersed  throughout  the  volumes  will  be 
arranged  in  their  chronological  order;  but  an 
index  will  be  given,  by  which  the  numbers  of  the 
old  will  be  identified  with  those  of  the  new 
edition.  The  detached  boundaries  will  he,  in 
every  case,  appended  to  the  documents  to  which 
they  belong.  All  the  boundaries,  as  well  as  all 
the  charters  which  are  written  in  Anglo-Saxon, 
will  be  translated  into  English.  Regrants  and 
confirmations  of  charters,  where  there  is  no  es- 
sential difference  between  their  text  and  the  older 
one,  will  merely  be  noticed  and  carried  to  the 
general  list  of  documents,  but  not  reprinted ;  and 
similarly,  where  two  or  more  documents  are  drawn 
up  in  the  same  words,  only  one  will  be  printed  at 
length,  and  the  variations  of  the  others  noted. 
The  merely  forinal  words,  as  Proem  and  Sanction, 
of  every  charter  will  be  omitted,  and  the  date  and 
Teste  so  arranged  as  to  give  all  the  information 
which  is  of  any  value,  combined  with  the  greatest 
possible  economy  of  space.  The  glossary  of  words 
denoting  land-divisions,  as  well  as  the  index  of 
local  names,  will  be  materially  enlarged.  And  to 
the  whole  will  be  appended  lists,  as  complete  as 
they  can  now  be  made,  of  the  Anglo-Saxon  kings 
and  bishops,  with  the  dates  of  their  accessions 
and  deaths.  The  work  will  also  comprise  a  chro- 
nological table  of  the  principal  events  of  Anglo- 
Saxon  history  from  the  commencement  of  our 
written  records  till  the  period  of  the  Norman 
Conquest.  By  the  means  adopted  to  compress 
the  matter  within  reasonable  bounds,  I  hope  to 
comprise  the  whole  in  about  two  volumes. 


I  earnestly  beg  those  gentlemen  who  have  used 
the  Codex  Diplomaticus  for  local  purposes,  to 
favour  me  with  such  corrections  or  additions  as 
their  knowledge  enables  them  to  supply,  especially 
in  the  list  of  names  of  places.     John  M.  Kemble. 

6.  Elizabeth  Terrace,  Westboume  Park, 


STRAY    NOTES    ON   EDMUND    CURLL,    HIS    LIFE,    AND 
PUBLICATIONS. 

No.  5.  — CurlVs  first  Appearance  at  the  Bar  of  the 
House  of  Lords. 

The  year  1716  had  no  claims  to  be  marked  by 
Curll  with  a  white  stone.  It  saw  his  first  quarrel 
with  Pope,  and  witnessed  the  indignities  which  he 
suffered  at  the  hands  of  the  Westminsters.  Nor 
were  these  the  only  misfortunes  which  befel  the 
subject  of  our  Notes  in  the  course  of  this  un- 
lucky year.  In  his  anxiety  to  turn  a  penny  he 
violated  an  Order  of  the  Lords,  and  soon  came  into 
the  clutches  of  Black  Rod.     The  occasion  was  this. 

The  trial  for  high  treason  of  the  Earl  of  Win- 
toun  had  been  brought  to  a  close  on  Monday, 
March  19,  \^\%.  The  sentence  had  been  passed, 
and  the  Lord  High  Steward,  standing  up  un- 
covered and  declaring  "there  was  nothing  more 
to  be  done  by  virtue  of  his  present  commission," 
had  broken  his  Staff  and  declai'ed  the  Commission 
dissolved. 

On  the  following  Wednesday  the  House  or- 
dered : 

"  That  the  Proceedings  in  the  Trial  of  George  Earl  of 
Wintoun,  upon  the  Impeachment  of  High  Treason  ex- 
hibited against  him  by  the  House  of  Commons,  be  printed 
and  published ;  and  that  there  be  prefixed  to  the  Same, 
an  Account  of  the  several  Days  or  Times  when  the  said 
Impeachment  was  brought  up,  when  the  said  Earl's 
Answer  was  put  in  to  the  said  Impeachment,  and  when 
the  Commons  replied  to  the  said  Answer;  together  with 
the  several  Orders,  in  Course  of  Time,  preparatory  to  the 
said  Earl's  Trial." 

In  pursuance  of  this  Order,  Mr.  Cowper,  the 
then  Clerk  of  the  Parliaments,  appointed  "  Jacob 
Tonson  to  print  the  Tryal  of  George  Earl  of 
Wintoun,"  and  did  "forbid  any  other  person  to 
print  the  same."  Honest  Jacob  accordingly  issued 
the  trial,  in  a  good  handsome  form,  and  at  a  price 
corresponding.  The  public,  however,  wanted  a 
cheaper  report  of  it,  and  the  public  were  supplied 
with  one  —  "  An  Account  of  the  Tryal  of  the.  Earl 
of  Winton  ;  which  began  on  the  15th  and  ended  on 
the  I9th  of  March,  1716,"  printed  in  folio  and  oc- 
cupying six  pages,  was  "  Printed  for  S.  Popping, 
at  the  Black  Raven  in  Paternoster  Row  (Price 
Tico-pence)  y 

This  was  a  violation  of  the  Orders  of  the  House 
not  to  be  overlooked,  and  on  the  13th  of  April, 
"  com[)laint  being  made  to  the  House  of  a  printed 
paper  intituled  An  Account,  &c.,"  the  House  or- 
dered "  the  Gentleau\n  Usher  of  the  Black  Rod, 


402 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  47„  Nov.  22.  '5(5. 


liis  Deputy  or  Deputies,  forthwith  to  attach  the 
body  of  the  said  S.  Popping  for  printing  and  pub- 
lishing the  said  Paper  in  breach  of  a  Standing 
Order  of  the  House." 

Sir  William  Oldes,  then  the  Gentleman  Usher, 
informed  the  House  on  the  following  day  "  that 
S.  Popping  is  taken  into  Custody,  but  is  so  ill  that 
she  is  not  in  a  condition  to  be  brought  to  the  Bar, 
and  that  a  person  is  attending  at  the  Door  who 
can  give  an  account  concerning  the  said  Paper." 
Whereupon  Elizabeth  Cape  was  called  in  and  ex- 
amined upon  oath,  at  the  bar,  touching  the  said 
paper. 

Unfortunately  no  particulars  of  what  Eliza- 
beth Cape  told  the  House  have  been  recorded: 
but  she  told  them  enough  to  implicate  poor  Curll 
and  his  brother  bookseller,  John  Pemberton  ;  for 
the  result  of  her  examination  was,  that  the  House 
ordered  the  Gentleman  Usher  to  "  forthwith  at- 
tach the  bodies  of  John  Pemberton  and  Edmund 
Curll,  Booksellers  in  Fleet  Street,  for  being  con- 
cerned in  printing  and  publishing  the  said  Paper," 
and  to  "  keep  them  in  safe  Custody  until  further 
Order." 

On  Tuesday,  the  17th  April,  Sarah  Popping  pre- 
sented to  the  House  a  petition,  of  which  the  fol- 
lowing is  a  copy  : 

"To  the  Right  Hon^'io  The  Lords  Spirituall  andTemporall 
in  Parliament  assembled. 

"  The  humble  Petition  of  Sarah  Popping, 

«  Sheweth, 

"  That  your  Petitioner  is  heartilj'  sorry  to  have  in- 
curred Your  Lordships  displeasure,  but  hopes  from  Your 
Lordships  known  Justice  to  obteyne  your  generous  pardon 
when  Your  Lordships  are  acquainted  with  her  case,  which 
is  as  follows : 

"  Your  Lordships  Petitioner  knew  nothing  of  her  name 
being  put  to  the  Lord  Wintoun's  Trial,  which  has  justly 
offended  Your  Lordships,  nor  knew  of  its  being  sent  to  be 
published  by  her  untill  after  it  was  brouglit  to  her 
house. 

"  That  being  ill  at  the  time  it  came,  your  Petitioner's 
sister,  who  is  not  acquainted  with  such  things,  had  pub- 
lished it  before  your  Petitioner  knew  anything  of  it. 

"  Your  Lordships  Petitioner  and  her  Sister  liave  fully 
declared  all  they  know  about  the  Booksellers  concerned  in 
it,  and  it  being  usual  in  such  cases  to  discharge  the  pub- 
lisher upon  the  discovery  of  the  Bookseller, 

"Your  Petitioner  most  humbly  begs  Your  Lordships 
favor  that  shee  may  be  discharged  without  fees.  Her  con- 
dition and  the  protitts  shee  has  by  publication  not  being 
able  to  bear  it. 

"  And  y^  Pef  shall  pray,  &c. 

"  Sarah  Poppixg." 

This  petition  having  been  read,  and  the  House 
being  informed  that  Curll  and  Pemberton  were 
also  in  custody,  ordered  them  all  three  to  be 
brought  to  the  bar  at  one  o'clock  on  the  following 
day.  The  business  was,  however,  adjourned  from 
day  to  day  until  Thursday  the  26th  April,  when 
we  find  the  following  entry  on  the  Journals  : 

"  Sarah  Popping,  a  Publisher,  and  John  Pemberton  and 
Edmund  Curll,  Booksellers,  were  (according  to  Order) 


brought  to  the  Bar,  and  severally  examined  touching  the 
printed  Paper,  intituled,  'An  Account  of  the  Trial  of  the 
Earl  of  Winton.' 

"  As  was  also  Elizabeth  Cape  examined  upon  Oath,  in 
relation  to  the  same  Matter. 

"And,  they  being  withdrawn,  the  following  Orders 
were  made : 

"  Ordered,  That  the  said  Sarah  Popping  and  John  Pem- 
berton be  forthwith  discharged  out  of  Custody,  without 
paying  any  Fees ;  and  that  the  said  Edmund  Curll  be 
continued  in  the  Custody  he  is  now  in. 

"  Ordered,  That  Daniel  Bridge,  a  Printer,  in  Pater- 
noster Row,  do  attend  this  House  to-morrow,  to  give  an 
Account  concerning  the  printing  of  the  aforementioned 
Paper." 

On  Wednesday  the  2nd  of  May,  Daniel  Bridge, 
a  printer  in  Paternoster  Row,  attending  (accord- 
ing to  order),  was  called  in  and  examined  touch- 
ing the  printing  of  the  Earl  of  Wintoun's  trial, 
and  having  acquainted  the  House  "  That  he  re- 
ceived the  Copy  tliereof  from  Edmund  Curll,  a 
Bookseller  in  Fleet  Street,  and  owned  he  printed 
the  same,"  he  was  forthwith  oi'dered  into  the 
custody  of  Black  Rod. 

On  Tuesday  the  8th  May,  Curll  and  Bridge 
presented  to  the  House  a  petition,  of  which  the 
following  is  a  copy  : 

"  To  the  Right  Honi'io  the  Lords  Spiritual  and  Temporal 
in  Parliament  Assembled. 

"The  humble  Petition  of  Edmund  Curll  and  Daniel 
Bridge. 

«  Humbly  Sheweth, 
"  That  your  Petitioners  are  in  the  Custody  of  the 
Black  Rod,  by  Order  from  your  Lordships,  for  Printing 
and  Publishing  a  Paper  intituled,  '  An  Account  of  the 
Tryal  of  the  Earl  of  VVinton,'  which  j'our  Petitioners  are 
now  sensible  is  contrary  to  a  Standing  Order  of  this 
Most  Honourable  House. 

"  That  j'our  Petitioners  not  knowing  there  was  any 
such  order,  did  inadvertenth'  cause  the  same  to  be  printed, 
and  have  thereby  justly  incurred  your  Lordships  dis- 
pleasure. 

"  Your  Petitioners  for  their  offence  are  heartily  sorry, 
and  for  the  future  do  promise  to  be  more  Circumspect,  and 
resolve  never  again  to  offend  j'our  Lordships:  and  in  re- 
gard your  Petitioners  have  PVimilies,  which  must  inevita- 
bly be  Ruined  unless  your  Lordships  have  compassion  on 
them.  They  humbly  Beg  that  j^our  Lordships  will  bo 
pleased  to  order  them  to  be  discharged  from  their  con- 
finement. 

"And  your  Petitioners  as  in  Duty  bound  shall  ever 
Pray. 

"Edjiund  Cup.i.i,. 
Dakiel  Bridge." 

This  petition  was  ordered  to  lie  on  the  tabic 
until  the  following  morning.  It  was  not,  how- 
ever, finally  taken  into  consideration  until  the 
Friday,  when  — 

"  Edmund  Curll  and  Daniel  Bridge,  in  Custody  of  the 
Gentleman  Usher  of  the  Black  Rod,  for  printing  and 
publishing  a  paper  intituled  '  An  Account  of  the  Trial  of 
the  Earl  of  Winton,'  in  breach  of  a  Standing  Order  of 
this  House,  were  (this  day),  according  to  Order,  brought 
to  the  Bar;  where  the}',  on  their  Knees,  receiving  a  Re- 
primand from  the  Lord  Chancellor  for  their  said  Offence, 
were  ordered  to  be  discharged,  paying  their  Fees." 


2a<i  S.  No  47.,  Nov.  22.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


403 


And  thus  ends  Curll's  first  appearance  at  the 
Bar  of  the  House  of  Lords. 

Curll  was,  however,  not  easily  dispirited  :  the 
poison  of  Pope,  the  "tyrannick  rod"  of  the 
Westminsters,  the  reprimand  of  the  Lord  Chan- 
cellor, were  alike  indifferent  to  him;  if,  indeed, 
they  did  not  stimulate  him  to  fresh  exertions. 

On  May  11  he  was  released  fi'om  the  custody 
of  Black  JR,od ;  and  in  less  than  a  fortnight,  we 
find  him  in  correspondence  with  Tiioresby  on  the 
subject  of  a  new  edition  of  Erdeswick's  Stafford- 
shire, as  the  following  letters  show  :  — 

«  May  22,;.1716. 
"  Worthy  Sir, 
"  The  Life  of  Archbishop  Tillotson*  is  not  yet  done; 
so  soon  as  it  is,  both  that  and  Kadcliffe  shall  be  faithfully 
sent  you.  Messrs.  Gales  desire  your  acceptance  of  their 
service.  Mr.  Rawlinson,  of  St.  John's  College  in  Oxon, 
has  sent  me  up  a  copy  of  Mr.  Erdeswick's  Survey  of 
Staffordshire,  whicli  was  put  to  the  press  this  day.  He 
is  told,  Sir,  that  you  have  a  good  copy  of  this  valuable 
manuscript,  and  entreats  the  favour  of  you  that  you  will 
be  pleased  to  lend  him  yours  to  collate  with  his  own :  all 
imaginable  care  shall  be  taken  of  it,  and  it  shall  be  faith- 
fully returned  to  you  in  a  fortnight's  time.  This  he  hopes 
for  from  you,  as  you  are  a  lover  of  antiquities,  and  a  pro- 
moter of  learning;  and  your  speedy  answer  to  this  re- 
quest will  very  nmch  oblige  him,  our  club  of  antiquaries, 
and  more  particularly,  Sir,  your  obliged  humble  Servant, 

"  E.  CUKLL." 


«  Sir, 


"  Friday,  June  1,  1716. 


"  I  have  just  received  your  obliging  letter,  wherein  you 
are  so  kind  to  promise  me  the  loan  of  your  copy  of  Erdes- 
wick.  The  greatest  care  ima'ginable  shall  be  taken  of  it, 
and  I  herewith  send  you  a  note  of  my  hand  for  the  safe 
return  of  it  in  a  month's  time.  I  must  desire  you,  Sir,  to 
send  it  me  by  the  very  first  opportunity  (I  will  pay  the 
carriage),  because  I  have  this  da}'  received  the  first 
printed  sheet  back  from  Oxford,  and  will  not  let  it  be 
worked  ofi'  till  I  have  collated  it  with  your  manuscript, 
with  Avhich  I  will  return  you  two  printed  copies.  I  will 
deliver  Dr.  liadclifte's  Life  to  whosoever  yon  order  to  call 
for  it.  As  to  Collins,  I  know  nothing  of  his  residence ; 
the  last  time  I  saw  him,  he  told  me  he  was  promised  to 
have  a  place  in  the  Custom  House. 

"  I  am.  Sir,  your  obliged  humble  Servant, 
"  E.  Curll." 

«  June  1, 1716.  One  month  after  the  date  hereof,  I 
promise  to  return,  free  from  all  damage,  to  Mr.  Thoresby, 
or  his  order,  his  manuscript  copy  of  Erdeswick's  Survey 
of  Staffordshire,  together  with  two  printed  copies  of  the 
said  work. 

"  Per  E.  CuRLt,." 

And  here  the  reader,  who  cannot  be  greatly 

■  This  work  is  printed  in  folio  and  octavo,  and  is  pre- 
tended to  have  been  compiled  from  the  minutes  of  the 
Eev.  Mr.  Young,  late  Dean  of  Salisbury,  by  F.  XL  [F. 
Hutchinson],  with  many  curious  Memoirs  conrmunicated 
by  the  late  Right  Rev.  Gilbert  Burnet,  Bishop  of  Sarum. 
Bishop  Kennet,  however,  in  his  Complete  History  of  Eng- 
land, vol.  iii.  p.  G73.,  2nd  edition,  observes,  that  "some 
persons  had  reason  to  believe  that  Bishop  Burnet  and 
Dean  Young  had  little  or  no  hand  in  that  Life ; "  and 
both  the  performance  itself,  and  the  name  of  the  book- 
seller, Edmund  Curll,  will  confirm  that  suspicion.  (Dr. 
Birch's  Life  of  Tillotson,  8vo.,  p.  2.) 


impressed  in  Curll's  favour  by  what  has  already 
been  recorded  of  him,  will  do  him  the  justice  to 
admit,  that  when  undertaking  this  new  edition  of 
Erdeswick,  Curll  used  his  best  endeavours  to  make 
it  as  perfect  as  possible. 

We  may  bring  the  present  Note  to  a  close  with 
the  following  Memoranda  of  Sums  paid  by  Curll 
to  his  Miltons  and  Pindars  — 

"  Who,  free  from  rhyme  or  reason,  rule  or  check, 
Broke  Priscian's  head,  and  Pegasus's  neck." 

They  are  from  the  curious  MS.  Collections  of 
the  late  Mr.  Upcott,  and  were  first  printed  in  21ie 
OentlemmCs  Magazine,  vol.  xciv.  pp.  315.  410. 
and  513.: 

"  May  30,  1709.  Ed.  Holdsworth  sold  to  Mr.  Curll  for 
five  guineas  a  compleat  copy  of  a  Latin  poem  intituled 
3Iuscipula,  and  fifty  copies  lor  his  own  use." 

"  May  18,  1715.  Susannah  Centlivre  then  received  of 
Mr.  Curll  twenty  guineas  in  full  for  the  copy  of  my  play 
called  The  Wonder;  a  Woman  Keeps  a  Secret.  Received 
the  same  sum  for  The  Cruel  Gift,  and  the  same  for  The 
Artifice.  The  last  two  plays  were  added  to  the  receipt 
at  a  later  period." 

"  Feb.  13,  1716.  John  Durant  Breval  was  paid  by  Mr. 
Curll  four  guineas  for  a  poem  called  The  Art  of  Dress ; 
in  another  document  called  The  I'rogress  of  Dress." 

"  July  4,  1716.  F.  Chute  received  of  Messrs.  Curll  and 
Hooke  full  satisfaction  for  the  sole  right  and  title  of  the 
copy  of  a  poem  called  The  Petticoat." 

«  April  23,  1718.  Charles  Molloy  received  of  Mr.  Curll 
five  guineas,  and  a  note  of  hand  for  like  sum,  condi- 
tionally payable  upon  the  sale  of  900  of  a  play  called  The 
Coquet,  acted  at  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields'  theatre,  April  19, 
and  two  following  nights." 

"  Nov.  13,  1719.  Charles  Beckingham  received  of  Mr. 
Curll,  for  the  sole  right  and  title  to  the  copy  of  a  play 
by  me  written,  intitled  The  Tragedy  of  King  Henry  the 
Foui-th  of  France ;  and  also  of  my  translation  of  Kapin's 
Christus  Fatiens,  fifty  guineas." 

«  Nov.  28,  1719.  J«hn  Leigh  received  of  Ur.  Curll, 
for  a  copy  of  a  play  called  Kensington  Garden,  or  The 
Pretenders,  forty-five  guineas." 

"  Feb.  20,  1723.  Robert  Samber  was  paid  by  Mr.  Curll 
four  guineas  for  the  sole  right  and  title  to  the  copy  of  a 
book  by  me  written,  intituled  The  Praise  of  Drunkenness, 
with  a  reserved  right  of  twelve  copies  bound." 

"  Sept.  16,  1723.  Thomas  Stackhouse  received  of  Mr. 
Curll  ten  guineas  for  writing  The  Life  of  Bishop  Atter- 
bury." 

"  March  3,' 1724-5.  Ann  Brome  received  then  of  Mr. 
Edmund  Curll  one  guinea  in  full  satisfaction  for  all  my 
right,  property,  and  interest  to  and  in  the  following  copy, 
viz.  The  Gentleman  Apothecary;  beiiig  a  late  and  true 
Story,  turned  out  of  French,  with  several  Letters,  8vo., 
which  said  copy  was  the  property  of  my  late  husband, 
Mr.  Charles  Brome,  deceased." 

"  April,  1726.  Thomas  Cooke  was  paid  by  Mr.  Curll 
5/.  for  writing  Mr.  Marvell's  Life,  procuring  some  of  his 
Letters,  and  publishing  his  Works." 

"  Oct.  1726.  John  Clarke  received  of  Mr.  Curll  two  pay- 
ments of  one  guinea  each  in  part  of  the  copy-money  of 
two  novels :  1.  The  Virgin  Seducer.*  2.  The  Batchelor's 
Keeper;  agreed  to  be  printed  in  duodecimo  at  half-a- 

*  These  tales  occupy  pp.  61.  to  146.  of  Atterburyana, 
being  Miscellanies  by  the  late  Bishop  of  Rochester,  §•£., 
ivith  — ■ 

L  A  Collection  of  Original  Letters,  §'e. 


404 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


l_2nd  s.  No  47.,  Nov.  22.  '56. 


guinea  per  sheet,  according  to  a  specimen  of  The  Essay 
on  Gibing." 

"  Nov.  10,  1740.  Thomas  Stretser  received  of  Mr.  Curll 
full  satisfaction  for  the  sole  right  and  title  to  the  copy  of 
a  book  entitled  A  JVew  Description  of  Merryland.  No 
sum  as  the  consideration  mentioned.  In  like  manner,  on 
Oct.  17,  1741,  was  transferred  the  copy  of  a  book  entitled 
JHerryland  Displayed,"  §-c. 

[No  date.]  "  John  jMarkland  received  of  Mr.  Curll 
two  guineas  for  The  Fryar's  Tale,  The  Retaliation,  and 
Other  Poems,  amounting  to  four  sheets  in  print." 

S.  N.  M. 


OUR  POPULAR  BOOKS  OF  REFERENCE  :  THE  COUR- 
TENAYS, 

Permit  me  to  draw  your  attention,  and  that 
of  your  correspondents,  to  an  evil  that  might, 
by  the  exercise  of  more  vigilance,  be  corrected. 
I  allude  to  the  inaccuracies  which  I  may  say 
abound  in  books  of  reference,  and  which  are 
clearly  chargeable  to  editorial  laxity.  A  few 
nights  since  I  amused  myself  with  looking  into 
Sir  Harris  Nicolas's  Synopsis  of  the  Pee?'age,  and 
comparing  it  with  other  authorities.  He  says 
(p.  194.),  speaking  of  William  Courtenay,  who 
married  Katherine,  daughter  of  Edward  IV.,  that 
he  — 

"  is  by  most  writers  called  Earl  of  Devon,  but  as  he  was 
attainted  in  1504,  vita  patris,  and  the  attainder  not  having 
been  reversed,  he  could  not  of  course  inherit  the  dignitj' ; 
he  died  1511,  and,  at  Henry  VIII.'s  command,  was  buried 
with  the  honours  of  an  earl." 

Lodge,  in  his  Genealogy  of  the  Peerage  (1834), 
says  of  the  same  individual,  that  — 

"he  was  attainted  in  1502  on  suspicion  of  holding  a  trea- 
sonable correspondence  with  Edmund  de  la  Pole 

As,  in  consequence  of  the  attainder,  he  could  not  legally 
inherit  his  father's  earldom,  he  was  created  Earl  of 
Devon,  May  10,  1511,  by  a  new  patent." 

So,  according  to  this,  the  latest  authority,  he  ivas 
Earl  of  Devon. 

It  will  be  noticed  that  two  dates  are  given  for 
the  attainder.  To  settle  the  point  I  turn  to 
Salmon's  Chronological  Historian,  and  there  I 
find,  — 

"  1506.  Another  conspiracy  by  the  Earl  of  Suffolk,  the 
Earl  of  Devons/«Ve,  and  others,  is  discovered  and  de- 
feated." 

This  latter  authority  also  says  that  — 

"  1469.     Thomas  Courtney  was  created  Earl  of  Devon." 

Nicolas,  ubi  sup.,  is  doubtless  more  correct  in 
saying  that  in  1461  Thomas,  sixth  earl,  was  at- 
tainted and  beheaded,  and  his  honours  forfeited. 


II.   The  Vh-gin  Seducer.     A.  true  History, 

III.   The  Batchelor  Keeper,  or  3Iodern  Rake. 

By  Philaretas. 

London:  Printed  in  the  Year  M.DCCXXVII.  Price 
2s.  M. 

The  Dedication  "To  Dr.  Towne"  is  signed  "E.  Curll," 
and  dated  "New  Year's  Day,  1726-7." 


Neither  Nicolas  nor  Lodge  mention  any  issue 
of  any  patent  in  1469  ;  but  the  latter  says  that  in 
1470  John  Courtney  (he  was  brother  to  the  sixth 
earl)  was  restored  to  the  earldom  during  the 
brief  restoration  of  Henry  VI. 

In  the  same  page  above  quoted  Lodge  calls  an- 
other individual  "  Sir  Edward "  and  "  Sir  Wil- 
liam." 

Your  own  pages  have  been  the  media  for  cor- 
recting several  such  errors  in  Burke's  Worhs. 
Surely  we  have  a  right  to  expect  to  be  able  to 
rely  on  the  authorised  publications  of  a  "  Norroy 
King  of  Arms"  and  an  "  Ulster  King  of  Arms." 

In  the  present  instance  can  you  or  your  corre- 
spondents inform  me  of  the  truth  of  tiie  matters 
which  the  above  extracts  leave  in  doubt  ? 

Tee  Bee. 


FOLK   LORE. 


The  Biddenden  Maids.  — 

"  Felices  ter  et  ampHus 
Quas  irrupta  tenet  copula." 

The  following  broadside,  printed  in  tlie  last 
century,  relates  to  two  ladies  whose  duality  was 
even  more  remarkable  than  that  of  the  Siamese 
twins  of  our  own  days,  inasmuch  as  they  appear  to 
have  been  connected  both  at  the  shoulders  and  at 
the  hips,  while  the  Siamese  were,  or  are,  joined  by 
a  single  ligature  at  the  abdomen. 

The  broadside  is  beaded  by  a  woodcut  of  this 
specimen  of  the  "  monstrous  regiment  of  women." 
They  are  dressed  in  the  costume- of  the  time  of 
Mary  I.,  with  the  head-dress  of  that  period,  open 
bodices,  with  vandycked  ruffs,  and  sleeves  slashed 
at  the  shoulders.  They  are  only  provided  with 
one  pair  of  arms,  the  other  right  and  left  shoulders 
respectively  forming  the  junction.  When  the 
Siamese  twins  were  in  London,  the  surgeons  were 
very  desirous  of  disconnecting  them,  but  the 
brothers  were  not  to  be  persuaded  of  the  advan- 
tages of  the  operation,  and  preferred  remaining  as 
nature  formed  them,  although,  I  believe,  they  did 
not  imitate  these  sisters  in  their  celibacy.  I  re- 
member that  their  conformation  did  not  prevent 
their  playing,  though  awkwardly  enough,  at  bat- 
tledore and  shuttlecock,  which  these  ladies  could 
hardly  have  done. 

The  annual  dole  on  Easter  Day  of  bread  and 
cheese,  and  of  cakes  stamped  with  the  impression 
represented  by  the  woodcut,  is  still  kept  up,  and 
draws  together  a  large  concourse  of  people. 

"A 
Short,  but  concise  account  of  Elizabeth  and  Mary  Chulk- 
hurst,  who  were  born  joined  together  by  the  Hips  and 
Shoulders,  in  the  Year  of  our  Lord  1100,  at  Biddenden,  in 
the  County  of  Kent ; 

Commonly  called  the 

Biddenden  Maid's. 

The  Reader  will  observe  by  the  above  Plate  of  them,  that 


2nd  s.  No  47.,  Nor.  22.  '56.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


405 


they  lived  together  in  the  above  state,  Thirty-four  Years ; 
at  the  expiration  of  which  time,  one  of  them  was  taken 
111,  and  in  a  sliort  time  died ;  the  surviving  one  was  ad- 
vised to  be  separated  from  the  body  of  her  deceased 
Sister,  by  dissection,  but  she  absolutely  refused  the  sepa- 
ration by  saying  these  words,  as  we  came  together,  we 
will  also  go  together,  and  in  the  space  of  about  six  hours 
after  her  Sister's  decease,  She  was  taken  111,  and  died 
also. 

"  By  their  Will,  they  bequeathed  to  the  Churchwardens 
of  the  Parish  of  Biddenden,  and  their  successors  Church- 
wardens for  ever,  certain  pieces  or  parcels  of  Land  in  the 
Parish  of  Biddenden,  containing  twenty  Acres,  more  or 
less,  which  now  lets  at  £31  10s.  per  Annum.  There  are 
usually  made  in  commemoration  of  these  wonderful  Phoe- 
nomena's  of  Nature,  about  1000  Rolls  with  their  im- 
pression printed  on  them,  and  given  away  to  all  Strangers, 
on  Easter  Sunday,  after  Divine  Service  in  the  Afternoon, 
also  about  270  Quartern  Loaves,  and  Cheese  in  proportion, 
to  all  the  poor  Inhabitants  of  the  said  Parish." 

Cheverells. 

Oak- Apple  Day.  —  In  Devonshire,  at  least  in 
the  vicinity  of  Starcross,  the  chihlren  customarily 
celebrate  this  anniversary  by  carrying  about  what 
thej  call  May  babies,  i.  e.  little  dolls,  carefully  and 
neatly  dressed,  decked  with  flowers,  and  laid  in 
boxes  somewhat  resembling  coffins,  though  such 
resemblance  is  not,  apparently,  the  intention  of 
the  artists.  The  origin  or  meaning  of  this  custom 
does  not  appear  to  be  known,  but  it  is  believed  to 
be  in  some  way  connected  with  Charles  II.  A 
medical  friend,  riding  his  rounds  last  Oak- Apple 
Day,  came  up  with  a  group  of  women  and  chil- 
dren, one  of  whoni  was  carrying  something  covered 
with  a  loose  cloth.  At  his  request  she  raised  the 
cloth,  and  disclosed  a  doll  dressed  and  lying  in  a 
neat  box.  To  his  inquiries  as  to  the  object  of  it, 
the  only  reply  he  could  for  some  time  get  was, 
"  May  baby,  Sir  !  "  At  last  one  old  woman,  with 
a  sudden  burst  of  eloquence,  said,  "  King  Charles 
beheaded  in  the  oak,  Sir ! "  Nothing  further 
could  be  gathered. 

A  method  of  commemorating  the  day,  more 
certainly  applicable  to  Charles  II.,  also  obtains 
there.  An  effigy,  similar  in  construction  to  those 
in  such  favour  on  GuyFawkes'  day,  is  constructed 
of  old  garments  stuffed  with  straw,  and  a  mask 
for  a  face.  Its  breast  is  decorated  with  a  paper 
star,  and  a  sash  passes  from  the  left  shoulder 
under  the  right  arm,  in  imitation  of  those  worn  by 
the  Knights  of  the  Garter.  The  effigy  is  seated 
amid  and  under  branches  of  oak ;  and  the  whole 
is  placed  in  a  cart,  with  which  its  proprietor  per- 
ambulates the  neighbourhood,  stopping  at  each  of 
the  better  sort  of  houses,  of  course  in  the  hope  of 
largess.  Tee  Bee. 

A  Legend  of  Moor  Park. — The  landlord  of  the 
"Unicorn"  inn,  Farnham,  is  careful  to  show  his 
customers  a  portrait  of  William  Foot,  who  lived 
for  upwards  of  three  months  in  a  hollow  called 
"  Ludlam's  Cave,"  in  Moor  Park,  once  the  resi- 
dence of  Sir  William  Temple.    During  the  time  he 


lived  there,  he  only  came  to  the  town  at  night ; 
bought  what  he  wanted,  and  then  crept  back  to  his 
hiding-place.  He  was  discovered,  on  January  14, 
1840,  very  ill ;  and  shortly  afterwards  died.  He 
was  by  trade  a  tailor.  The  portrait  represents  a 
haggard  face,  with  a  grizzly  beard  and  moustache. 
It  needs  not  a  Lavater  to  discover  a  tendency  to 
insanity  in  its  wild  and  melancholy  expression. 

J.  Virtue  Wynen. 
Hackney. 

Radish  Boys  Cry  of  Great  Yairmouth.  — 

"  Morodoosher*,  Moredoosh ; 
Come  here  ye  hew  raw. 
Spring  Redoosh, 
Come  here  two  bunch  e  how-oh. 

"  Come  you  that  a'  got  money, 
Whilst  I  a'  got  none : 
Buy  all  my  spring  Radishes, 
And  let  me  go  home. 

"  Come  all  you  pretty  maids, 
Who  chuse  to  buj'  any, 
For  here's  j'our  Spring  Radishes, 
Two  bunches  a  penny. 

"  Come  all  you  old  wimmin. 
Be  joyful  and  sing : 
For  here's  your  old  radish  boy's. 
Now  come  ag'in. 

"  For  here  I  am. 
Both  weary  and  tir'd, 
And  here's  my  last  pennuth, 
So  I  don't  care  who'll  buy  it."  f 

This  singular  ditty,  which  has  been  rendered  in 
a  variety  of  ways  by  the  curious  in  such  matters, 
but  I  believe  never  printed  in  any  Collection  of 
Cries,  is  strictly  confined  to  this  locality.  Its 
origin  is  involved  in  the  greatest  obscurity.  Can 
any  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  give  any  in- 
formation as  to  its  origin  or  author  ? 

J.  W.  DiBOLL. 

Great  Yarmouth. 

The  Torch  Dance.  —  Pray  preserve  in  your  Folk  Lore 
columns,  for  the  use  of  future  antiquaries,  the  following 
graphic  account  of  this  ancient  dance,  as  given  by  The 
Times  correspondent  (in  that  paper  of  the  24th  Sept.), 
who  supplied  from  Berlin  the  particulars  of  the  marriage 
of  the  Princess  Ro,val  of  Prussia.  After  describing  how 
the  Court  proceeded  from  the  supper-room  to  the  White 
Saloon  again,  wiiere  the  fackel-tanz,  or  torch  dance,  is 
then  to  be  performed,  the  writer  proceeds : 

"  As  on  the  former  occasion  of  the  reception  of  the  con- 
gratulations, the  newly  married  couple  now  also  took 
their  places  with  the  king  and  queen  on  the  dais  under 
the  throne  canopy,  and  the  princesses  ranged  themselves 
on  the  right  hand  of  the  throne,  and  the  princes  on  the 
left,  according  to  their  rank.  At  a  signal  from  the  king 
the  Lord  High  Marshal  approaches  the  young  couple  and 
requests  them  to  open  the  dance,  which  they  do  by  walk- 
ing a  Polonaise,  preceded  by  the  twelve  ministers  of  state, 
each  holding  a  taper  of  white  wax  in  his  hand.  After 
performing  one  tour  of  the  saloon,  which  is  of  very  con- 

*  Evidently  a  corruption  of  "  More  Radish." 
f  This  last  verse  is  only  sung  when  the  boy  has  arrived 
at  his  "  last  pennuth." 


406 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°dS.  N047.,  Nov.  22. '5C. 


siderable  extent,  the  procession  stops  before  the  dais,  and 
the  newly  married  princess  invites  the  king  to  dance, 
with  which  he  complies,  and  accomplishes  a  turn  with 
considerable  grace  and  gallantry,  being  all  the  time  pre- 
ceded, as  before,  by  the  ministers  of  state  with  their  wax 
tapers.  This  Polonaise  the  princess  repeats  with  every 
one  of  the  princes  present,  ending  with  a  Prince  of  Hol- 
stein-Augustenburg,  and  when  these  evolutions  are  at  an 
end  the  prince  bridegroom  commences  his  performances 
by  requesting  the  hand  of  the  queen,  and  dancing  with 
every  princess  in  turn,  so  that  he  ended  with  the  Princess 
Lieg'nitz,  the  widow  of  the  late  king.  Thus  did  these 
unfortunate  ministers  perform  the  round  of  the  White 
Saloon  full  seventeen  times,  carrying  their  white  tapers — 
an  exertion  about  equal  to  a  good  morning's  shooting, 
only  not  so  wholesome.  Two  of  the  ministers  on  this 
occasion  excused  themselves  on  the  score  of  ill  health, 
and  their  places  were  filled  up  by  the  two  eldest  privy 
councillors.  When  the  terpsicliorean  efforts  of  the  min- 
isters of  state  and  the  royal  farail}'  and  guests  are  at 
an  end,  the  former  precede  the  latter  in  procession  to  the 
doors  of  the  saloon,  when  they  make  over  their  tnpers  to 
the  pages  in  waiting,  who  continue  to  carr}'  them  in  ad- 
vance of  the  royal  procession  up  to  the  apartments  of  the 
queen,  where  they  extinguish  them  at  the  door  as  the 
procession  passes  in.  At  this  point  it  is  regarded  in  the 
theory  of  the  Court  etiquette  as  though  the  newly  mar- 
ried couple  have  retired  into  private  with  their  famil}'. 
The  crown  is  removed  from  the  bride's  head ;  she  changes 
her  dress,  so  that  the  body,  with  the  jewels,  can  be  re- 
turned to  the  state  jewel-oiBce  under  escort ;  and  after 
the  lapse  of  a  short  time  the  bride's  first  lady-in-waiting 
appears  at  the  door  of  their  private  apartments,  and  dis- 
tributes the  bride's  garter  to  the  waiting  cavaliers,  who 
scramble  and  scuffle  for  the  honour  of  possessing  a  portion. 
This  remnant  of  the  custom  of  a  coarser  age  is  managed 
in  a  verj'  inoflPensive  manner ;  a  blue  riband  fringed  with 
silver  lace,  and  having  the  initials  and  coronet  of  the 
bride  embroidered  in  silver,  is  prepared  in  advance,  and 
carried  by  the  lady-in-waiting  in  her  pocket,  together 
■with  a  pair  of  scissors.  At  the  critical  moment  she  draws 
this  riband  from  her  pocket,  holds  it  for  an  instant  or 
two  against  the  bride's  robe  to  identify  it  with  her,  and 
then  cuts  it  off  in  lengths,  which  are  scrambled  for.  This 
forms  the  close  of  the  public  ceremonial  connected  with 
the  marriage  of  a  Prussian  princess. 

"The  origin  of  this  torch  dance,  which  appears  so 
grotesque  and  barbarous,  is  certainly  pre-Christian.  It 
is  believed  to  be  a  tradition  of  the  dances  performed  by 
the  Greeks  in  honour  of  Hymen,  whose  emblem  was  a 
torch ;  from  Greece  the  practice  was  transplanted  to  Rome 
with  the  Greek  mythology,  and  thence  carried  by  Con- 
stantine  the  Great  to  Bj-zantium.  From  a  period  even 
prior  to  the  Crusades  the  custom  has  been  in  force,  if  not 
at  all  the  courts  of  Germany,  certainly  at  those  of  the 
kings,  electors,  markgraves,  and  burggraves  of  this  por- 
tion of  it;  and,  while  the  nature  and  offices  of  the  torch- 
bearing  individuals  have  changed  with  successive  ages, 
the  one  leading  idea  has  remained  unaltered,  of  the  burn- 
ing torch  or  taper  carried  in  dancing  measure  before  the 
bridal  couple  in  public,  and  extinguished  at  the  moment 
that  they  retire  into  privacy." 

F.  S.  A. 


HOGARTHIANA. 


About  two  years  ago  I  paid  a  visit  to  the 
house  at  Chiswick  in  which  Hogarth  resided,  oc- 
casionally at  least,  during  the  last  twenty  years 


of  his  life ;   his  town  house,  now  the  Sabloniere 
Hotel,  being  in  Leicester  Square. 

In  the  house  itself,  so  far  as  I  could  find,  there 
were  no  memorials  of  the  great  artist.  On  the 
lawn,  in  front  of  it,  there  was  (and  is  still,  I 
think,)  a  very  ancient  mulberry  tree,  which,  in 
Hogarth's  time,  was  struck  by  lightning,  it  is  said ; 
and  the  iron  braces  or  girders,  by  wliich  it  is  lield 
together,  were  made  by  his  direction.  In  one 
corner  of  the  garden,  there  were  two  neat  little 
tombs  (in  true  Oatlands'  style),  with  slabs  in- 
serted in  the  wall,  in  memory  of  two  favourite 
dogs.  On  one  of  these  was  inscribed  :  "  Alas  ! 
poor  Dick,"  with  the  date  1764,  and  the  initials  of 
Hogarth  himself,  I  thinli :  he  himself  died  in  the 
same  year.  On  the  other  slab  was  inscribed  : 
"  Life  to  the  last  enjoy'd,  here  Pompey  lies,  1790," 
—  an  evident  adaptation  of  Churcliill's  epitaph 
at  Dover.  Mrs.  Hogarth  died  in  1789  ;  but  the 
remembrance  of  the  feud  between  Hogarth  and 
Churchill  seems  by  this  not  to  have  died  away 
with  the  survivors  of  the  household !  Where 
Fop's  tomb  is  I  know  not. 

Over  the  stable,  a  very  limited  abode  for  some 
two  or  three  horses,  a  room  was  pointed  out, 
which  I  was  informed  had,  for  many  years,  been 
the  artist's  studio.  From  the  comparatively  large 
dimensions  of  the  window  (which,  as  seen  from 
the  outside,  appears  to  have  replaced  a  smaller 
one),  I  have  little  doubt  that  such  is  the  fact.  As 
the  stairs  are  narrow,  his  paintings,  I  presume, 
would  be  let  down  through  this  window,  for 
transmission,  in  his  carriage,  to  town. 

His  tomb,  in  Chiswick  churchyard,  has  been 
very  substantially  repaired,  I  am  glad  to  say,  and 
that  at  the  sole  expence  of  Mr.  Hogarth,  of  Aber- 
deen ;  a  gratifying  instance  of  genuine  enthusiasm. 
One  of  the  workmen  told  me,  that  upon  opening 
the  grave,  the  plates  were  found  on  the  other 
coffins,  but  that  there  was  none  on  Hogarth's 
coffin,  which  was  smaller  than  the  others.  It  is 
not  improbable  that  the  plate  was  removed  when 
the  grave  was  opened  some  twenty  years  ago.  It 
is  a  curious  coincidence  that,  while  these  repairs 
were  going  on,  a  great  part  of  the  garden  wall  at 
Hogarth's  house  fell  to  the  ground ;  being  blown 
down  by  the  violence  of  the  wind,  I  think. 

It  is  not  very  many  years  since  that  a  car- 
penter died  in  Chiswick,  who  used  to  say  that, 
when  a  boy,  he  had  worked  for  Hogarth. 

HENBy  T.  Riley. 


FORGERIES    OF   ROMAN    COINS. 

There  are,  doubtless,  among  the  readers  of 
"N.  &  Q.,"  many  who  have  given  some  amount 
of  attention  to  the  study  of  these  valuable  memo- 
rials of  the  past :  not  perhaps  to  the  extent^  of 
forming  a  large  collection,  a  proceeding  which  in- 


2nd  s.  N«  47.,  Nov.  22.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


407 


volves  a  considerable  outlay ;  the  major  part,  in 
all  probability,  confining  themselves  in  the  first 
instance  to  the  purchase  of  such  as  may  now  and 
then  be  turned  up  in  their  own  immediate  neigh- 
bourhood, and  then  occasionally  adding  one  or 
two  from  other  sources,  to  fill  up  gaps  in  their 
series ;  or  from  their  engaging  the  attention  on 
the  score  of  beauty,  or  historic  interest. 

I  may  refer  such  as  are  disposed  to  ridicule 
coin-collecting  to  Addison  and  others,  for  a  refu- 
tation of  arguments  which,  after  all,  only  arise 
from  a  lack  of  reading  and  acquaintance  with  the 
subject;  but  that  the  study  of  coins  is  on  the  in- 
crease, the  prices  realised  at  the  coin  auctions  of 
the  Messrs.  Sotheby  will  abundantly  testify. 

The  pecuniary  value  of  the  rarer  Roman  coins 
has  led  to  the  fabrication  of  counterfeits,  as  most 
tyros  in  coin  collecting  know  to  their  cost.  Few 
cabinets  are  without  one  or  two  pieces  which  their 
possessor  suspects,  and  yet  is  afraid  to  banish,  bis 
indecision  arising  from  a  want  of  comparison  with 
similar  specimens  elsewhere  existing :  for,  of 
course,  two  pieces  from  the  same  mould  or  die, 
and  possessing  the  same  counterfeit  imperfections 
and  peculiarities,  would  at  once  settle  the  diffi- 
culty, such  a  coincidence  never  occurring  with 
genuine  coins. 

These  counterfeits  may  be  classed  under  four 
general  heads :  — 

I.  Paduan  or  Dutch  Imitations,  but  not  gene- 
rally copies  of  the  antique.  Of  these  the  work- 
manship is  fine ;  but  they  are  thinner,  rounder, 
and  more  regular  than  the  genuine  coins  ;  show- 
ing generally  traces  of  the  file  on  their  edges,  and 
always  wanting  the  fine,  hard,  glazed,  dark  green 
tcrugo,  or  patina,  which  so  highly  enhances  the 
beauty  and  value  of  an  ancient  medal.  This  is 
common  to  all  forgeries ;  but  it  is  often,  though 
unsuccessfully,  attempted. 

II.  Cast  Coins,  mostly  from  genuine  models  — 
though  sometimes  from  the  pieces  just  described — 
known  by  their  fainter  half-melted  appearance, 
wanting  the  sharp  finish  of  a  well-struck-up  coin. 
If  touched  up  with  the  graver,  this  may  be  dis- 
tinguished with  a  good  glass ;  as  may  also  the 
hollowness  of  the  ground  of  the  coin  in  places,  and 
sand-marks  and  cracks,  which,  instead  of  being 
irregular,  winding,  and  terminating  in  thin  threads, 
are  clearly  made  with  the  file,  and  consequently 
straight  and  regular. 

III.  Altered  Coins,  perhaps  the  most  deceptive 
of  all :  one  side  being  genuine,  and  the  edge 
indicating  no  attempt  at  deception.  A  Marcus 
Aurelius  is  taken  and  altered  on  the  obverse  with 
a  graver  into  a  Pertinax,  a  far  rarer  coin.  A 
Claudius  of  the  colony  of  Antioch  is  speedily 
transformed  into  the  much-coveted  Otho.  Here 
again  the  glass  will  detect  the  traces  of  the  tool, 
and  the  hollowing  of  the  field. 

IV.  Re-stimck  and  Composite  Coins,  which  are 


either  first  defaced  on  the  reverse,  and  the  other 
side  being  laid  on  a  soft  substance,  a  fresh  and 
perhaps  unique  reverse  is  stamped  on  with  a  die, 
or  else  the  reverse  is  carefully  hollowed  out,  and 
the  reverse  of  another  reign  artfully  grafted  in. 
This  is  often  done  with  such  coins  as  have  a  por- 
trait on  either  side,  as  Maximinus  and  Maximus 
Caesar.  A  third  method  is  to  saw  two  commoner 
coins  in  half,  and  transpose  the  reverses,  making 
thereby  two  rare  and  curious.  The  want  of  cor- 
respondence in  design  and  execution  of  the  two 
faces  will  detect  the  first  two  of  these  frauds. 
The  thin  thread  of  white  solder  will  appear  in  the 
others,  under  the  magnifier,  together  with  the 
hardly-to-be-defaced  marks  of  the  file. 

Now  what  I  am  going  to  propose  is,  of  course, 
not  applicable  to  the  two  latter  divisions,  as  the 
frauds  therein  described  are  practised  on  indivi- 
dual coins  ;  but  wherever  a  mould  or  die  has  been 
made  for  the  purpose  of  forgery,  many  casts  must 
have  been  produced  to  make  the  speculation  pay. 

May  I  solicit  the  favour,  therefore,  of  opening 
the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  to  lists  of  known  for- 
geries of  Roman  coins,  with  their  reverses, 
legends,  and  peculiarities,  if  any.  A  collector 
of  Roman  coins  may  then  compare  these  descrip- 
tions with  the  coins  he  suspects  in  his  own  cabi- 
net, and  be  enabled  to  eject  at  once  those  pieces 
which  as  they  are,  are  only  a  subject  of  annoy- 
ance. I  have  already  occupied  too  much  space, 
but  I  am  ready  to  begin  with  a  small  list  of  such 
forgeries  as  have  fallen  in  my  way. 

E.  S.  Tatlok. 

Ormcsbj'-  St.  Margaret. 


Miliar  ^attS, 

Locke  :  Akenside. — Locke  is  said  to  have  written 
some  part  of  his  Essay  on  the  Human  Understaiid- 
ing  at  Bothal  Castle,  in  Northumberland.  Is 
there  any  foundation  for  this  tradition  ? 

Akenside  wrote  part  of  his  Pleasures  of  the 
Imagination  at  Morpeth,  in  Northumberland, 
whose  "  limpid  Wansbeck  "  he  apostrophises. 

Heney  T.  RiiiEr. 

The  Boomerang  :  probahly  an  early  allusion  to 
it.  —  The  following  words  in  Pliny's  Natural  His- 
tory, b.  xxiv.  c.  72.  appear  to  me  not  improbably 
to  bear  reference  to  the  Boomerang,  with  which, 
as  we  learn  from  recent  discoveries,  the  people  of 
the  East  were  acquainted.  See  Bonomi's  Nineveh, 
p.  136.  He  is  speaking  of  the  account  given  by 
Pythagoras  of  the  Aquifolia,  either  the  holm-oak 
or  the  holly  ;  and  proceeds  to  state  that,  accord- 
ing to  that  author  — 

"  Baculum  ex  ea  factum,  in  quodvis  animal  emissum, 
etiamsi  citra  ceciderit  defectu  mittentis,  ipsum  per  sese 
cnbitu  propius  adlabi;  tarn  pr^ecipuam  naturam  inesse 
arbori."' 


408 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


C2«4  S.  No  47.,  Nov.  22.  '56. 


"If  a  staff  made  of  this  wood,  -vvhen  thrown  at  any 
animal,  from  want  of  strength  in  the  part}'  throwing  it, 
happens  to  fall  short  of  the  mark,  it  will  ftvU  back  again 
towards  the  thrower  of  its  own  accord  —  so  remarkable 
are  the  properties  of  this  tree." 

This  translation,  be  it  observed,  is  given  with 
some  diffidence,  as  the  readings  of  the  passage 
vary,  and  it  is  probably  in  a  corrupt  state,  "  cu- 
bitu  "  being  given  in  some  MSS.  for  "  recubitu." 
Pythagoras  may  probably  have  heard  of  it  from 
the  Magi  during  his  travels  in  the  East,  and,  being 
at  a  loss  to  understand  how  the  wood  could  be 
possessed  of  those  properties  with  which  the  pecu- 
liar formation  of  the  boomerang  endows  it,  may 
have  been  induced  to  believe  that  this  peculiarity 
was  owing  to  the  nature  of  the  tree. 

Henry  T.  Riley. 

Cambridge  Jeu  d^Esprit.  —  My  father,  an  old 
Johnian,  says  he  thinks  that  the  following  lines 
were  composed  by  William  Wilson  Todd,  for- 
merly of  St.  John's,  sometime  in  the  interval 
1822-6  ;  at  all  events,  Todd  was  given  to  rhyming, 
and  the  verses,  as  they  lie  before  me,  are  in  his 
handwriting.  The  assumed  author  came  from 
Durham  or  Newcastle,  and  at  the  time  of  writing 
was  a  sizar,  a  fact  which  explains  the  last  three 
lines. 

"  Such  comical  characters  honour  our  table, 
As  never  were  heard  of  since  Adam  and  Abel ; 
Some  wondrous  witty  —  some  poor  silly  elves, 
Who  are  witty  and  learned  alone  to  themselves ; 
Some  full  of  politeness,  some  rough  as  a  boar. 
In  their  outward  appearance  and  manners  much  more ; 
Some  carnally  given  to  women  and  wine. 
Some  apostles  of  Simeon  all  pure  and  divine,  — 
Some  poets  whose  brains  are  most  vacantly  wise. 
Suspended  halfway  'tween  the  earth  and  the  skies. 
Some  stiff  as  a  poker,  some  crooked  as  a  pin, 
And  some  like  a  skeleton,  shamefully  thin ; 
Some  fair  as  the  cedars  of  Lebanon,  some 
As  yellow  and  pale  as  the  great  China  Chum ; 
Some  perfumed  and  scented  —  some  dirty  in  knowledge. 
As  the  gyps  are  with  cooking  the  meat  of  the  College. 
All  such  characters  scramble  like  dogs  in  the  street. 
To  gnarl  at  the  half-plundered  relics  of  meat. 
Which  fall  from  the  tables  of  wealthier  Dons, 
While  we,  like  poor  Lazarus,  pick  up  the  crumbs." 

St.  John. 

Epitaph..  —  I  copied  the  following  lines  lately 
from  a  plain  upright  stone  in  the  churchyard  of 
St.  Thomas,  at  Ryde  : 

"  Calm  on  the  bosom  of  thy  God, 

Fair  Spirit !  rest  thee  now ; 
E'en  while  with  ours  thy  footsteps  trod, 

His  seal  was  on  thy  brow. 
Dust  to  its  narrow  house  beneath, 

Soul  to  its  place  on  high ! 
They  who  have  seen  thy  look  in  death 

No  more  may  fear  to  die." 

The  stone  Is  inscribed  to  the  memory  of  a 
female  named  Ballard,  who  died  at  the  age  of 
thirty-one,  a.d.  1841.  Most  of  your  readers  will, 
I  think,  agree  with  me  in  pronouncing  this  epitaph 


one  of  great  beauty  ;  but  the  question  Is,  are  the 
lines  original  ?  N.  L.  T. 

Mottoes  for  a  Bibliographical  Scrap-booh. — For 
some  years  I  have  been  forming  a  book  which 
now  proves  of  great  service  to  me  :  it  consists  of 
a  collection  of  cuttings  from  Catalogues,  giving 
the  titles  of  the  most  remarkable  books  treating 
of  such  subjects  as  I  feel  most  interested  in,  ar- 
ranged In  order  under  each  head.  The  first  two 
mottoes  I  have  prefixed  to  my  Bibliotheca  Selecta 
on  book-titles.     The  first  is  : 

"  Si  Jeunesse  savait,  si  Vieillesse  pouvait,  par  Soulie, 
Paris,  1844." 

The  second  is : 

"  Le  Roy's  (Loys)  Interchangeable  Course  of  Variety 
in  the  World,  and  the  Concurrence  of  Amies  and  Learn- 
ing ;  moreover,  whether  it  be  true  or  no,  that  there  can 
be  nothing  sayd  which  hath  not  been  saj'd  heretofore, 
translated  by  R.  Ashley.    London,  1594.     Folio." 

The  third  is  a  remark  of  that  extraordinary 
man,  John  Henderson*,  who,  on  Joseph  Cottle 
expressing  his  regret  that  he  had  not  benefited 
mankind  by  the  result  of  his  deep  and  varied  In- 
vestigations, replied,  "  More  men  become  writers 
from  ignorance  than  from  knowledge,  not  know- 
ing that  they  have  been  anticipated  by  others. 
Let  us  decide  with  caution,  and  write  late." 

EiRIONNACH. 

White  and  Black  Beans.  —  In  1643  a  law  was 

enacted  in  Ipswich,  Massachusetts,  that  white  and 

black  beans  should  be   used  when  voting,  "  the 

white  being  yes,  and  the  black  no."  W.  W. 

Malta. 

On  a  Passage  in  Alfred's  "  Boethius."  —  In  Mr. 
Wright's  work,  entitled  Biographia  Britannica 
Literaria,  Anglo-Saxon  Period^  occurs  the  fol- 
lowing : 

"  In  the  metrical  version  of  the  metres  of  Boethius,  also 
attributed  to  Alfred,  the  matter  is  placed  quite  in  another 
light;  and  Homer  not  only  becomes  Virgil's  teacher,  but 
his  friend  also :  — 

" '  Homer  was 

in  the  east  among  the  Greeks 
in  that  nation 
the  most  skilful  of  poets, 
Virgil's 

friend  and  teacher, 
to  that  great  bard 
the  best  of  masters.' 
"  We  will,  however,  willingly  relieve  the  Anglo-Saxon 
monarch  from  all  responsibility  for  this  error,  which 

*  John  Henderson  was  born  in  Limerick  in  1756,  and 
died  at  Oxford  in  1788,  in  the  thirty-second  year  of  his 
age.  The  only  attempt  to  rescue  this  wonderful  man  from 
oblivion,  thati  am  aware  of,  is  the  notice  of  him  which  oc- 
curs in  Cottle's  Reminiscences  of  Coleridge,  §-c.,  and  Cottle's 
Malvern  Hills ;  Poems  and  Essays.  He  is  referred  to  in  "  N. 
&  Q.,"  1*'  S.  X.  26.  A  life  of  Henderson  is  a  desideratum. 
I  should  be  glad  to  know  whether  he  left  any  papers  or 
literary  remains ;  and  ivhether  any  such  be  extant  ? 


2»*  S.  No  47.,  Nov.  22.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


409 


seems  to  have  arisen  from  the  misconstruction  of  Alfred's 
words  by  some  other  person  who  was  tlie  author  of  the 
prosaic  verses  that  have  hitherto  gone  under  his  name." 

Is  there  really  an  error  on  the  part  of  Alfred, 
or  "  some  other  person"  ?  Might  not  the  writer 
of  the  above  verses  (whoever  he  be)  simply  have 
meant,  that,  as  Virgil  had  been  indebted  to 
Homer  for  so  much  of  the  materials  from  which 
lie  wrote  his  epic,  the  latter  might  well  be  called, 
not  only  the  "master"  and  "teacher,"  but  even 
tlie  '■'•friend"  of  the  former  ? 

In  my  humble  opinion,  it  is  not  necessary  to 
suppose  an  error  of  such  magnitude. 

Alex.  Thomson  Grant. 

Aberdeen. 

Derivation  of  ^'■Pamphlet" — Dr.  Richardson,  in 
his  Dictionary,  appears  rather  doubtful  of  the  ety- 
mology of  the  word  pamphlet.  Johnson  derives  it 
from  "par  un  filet,"  (held  together)  "by  a  thread," 
and  quotes  Caxton's  "  pawnflet "  in  support  of  his 
derivation. 

But  in  the  "  Boke  of  St.  Alban's"  in  the  Trea- 
tyse  of  Fysshinge  with  an  Angle,  the  author  of  the 
book  plumes  himself  (?)  on  the  fact  that  his  work 
is  composed  of  so  large  a  volume,  and  that  it  is 
not  contained  in  any  "  lyttyl  pfaimflet "  which 
might  come  into  the  hands  of  the  profanum  vulgus. 

Now,  if  you  take  from  the  three  words  "  par  un 
filet,"  the  letter  i,  you  have  left  the  word  praun- 
fiet  (the  a  succeeding  the  r  instead  of  preceding 
it)  ;  and  prawiflet,  by  the  common  change  of  r 
into  I  (as  from  peregrinus  into  piZgrim,  and  in- 
numerable other  instances),  becomes  plaunflet. 

In  the  only  two  French  dictionaries  I  have  seen 
(each  one  in  several  volumes  4to.)  the  word  is 
oddly  enough  described  as  "  un  mot  Anglais.^' 
Will  any  of  your  readers  tell  me  from  Ducange 
or  Menage  whether  their  etymologies  of  it  favour 
the  "  par  un  filet "  derivation  ? 

I  ought  to  add  that  Mr.  Halliwell's  Archaic 
Dictionai'y  contains  the  word  "  parnfilet ; "  all 
which,  I  think,  tends  to  show  that  "  par  un  filet " 
is  the  true  source  of  the  word,  which  is  also  con- 
firmed by  the  meaning  of  its  French  equivalent, 
brochure.  S.  SiNGiiBXON. 

Greenwich. 

Merchant' s  Mark. — Traces  of  many  things  that 
have  passed  away  from  among  us  are  still  to  be 
found  among  our  Teutonic  cousins  ;  I  have  lying 
before  me  the  seal  of  a  letter  from  a  Wurtzburgh 
merchant,  on  which  is  engraved  a  very  perfect 
merchant's  mark,  consisting  of  a  heart,  from  which 
a  cross,  surmounted  by  the  figure  4,  issues ;  in  the 
broad  part  of  the  heart  are  the  letters  F  P,  each 
in  a  circle,  and  at  the  point  of  the  heart  the  letter 
R,  all  in  Roman  capitals. 

Francis  Robert  Davies. 

Lobositz.  Bohemia. 


MORE    GOWER    QUERIES. 

The  success  which  has  attended  my  last  in- 
quiries respecting  some  words  and  phrases  in 
Gower's  Confessio  Amantis  induces  me  to  request 
you  to  insert  the  following,  as  I  desire  to  ascer- 
tain the  meanings  of  the  words  in  Italics  :  — 

1. 

"  His  herte  is  anahuUa  named, 
Which  is  of  great  vertue  proclamed." 

2. 
"  His  stone  is  honochinus  bote, 
Through  whicli  men  worchen  great  riote." 

3. 

"  Thre  stones,  whiche  no  persone 
^       Hath  upon  erthe,  and  the  first  is 
By  name  cleped  licuchis, 

4. 
"  Nectanabus,  which  causeth  all 
Of  this  metrede  the  substaunce." 

5. 
"  And  with  this  noise,  and  with  this  cry, 
Out  of  a  barge  farste  by, 
Which  hid  was  there  on  scomer-face. 
Men  sterten  out  and  *  *  *." 

G. 
"  There  was  nothing  hem  betwene, 
But  wowe  to  wowe  and  walle  to  walle." 

F.  R.  Daldy. 


Minav  Queries. 

Amphibious  Animal  in  Scotland.  —  May  I  ask, 
through  your  pages,  whether  the  animal  described 
in  the  following  paragraph  is  known  to  naturalists? 

"  A  species  of  amphibious  animal,  apparently  of  the 
rat  kind,  called  '  Beothach  an'  f  heoir,'  is  found  in  the 
eddies  of  the  higher  regions  (i.  e.  of  Scotland),  always  in- 
habiting the  vicinity  of  the  green  patches  round  springs. 
When  a  horse  feeds  upon  the  grass  that  has  been  recently 
cropped  by  this  animal,  it  swells,  and  in  a  short  time 
dies ;  and  the  flesh  is  found  blue,  as  if  it  had  been  bruised 
or  beaten."  —  Logan,  Scottish  Gael,  vol.  ii.  p.  36. 

I  have  asked  after  this  animal  from  High- 
landers, and  though  they  believe  there  is  some 
such  beast,  I  could  never  get  any  straightforward 
account  of  it  from  them.  E.  H.  Kingslet. 

Sir  Roger  Ormston.  —  Sir  Roger  Ormston  was 
High  Steward  of  the  University  of  Cambridge, 
and  died  in  1504.  Any  particulars  respecting  him 
will  be  acceptable  to 

C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 

Cambridge. 

Kids,  Battens,  Tallet. — Why  are  sheaves  of 
straw  called  battens,  and  faggots  of  firewood  de- 
signated hids,  in  Shropshire  and  elsewhere  ?  And 
what  is  tallet,  as  applied  to  a  hay-loft,  derived 
from  ?  Hugh  Owen. 


410 


KOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  NO  47.,  Nov.  22.  '5G. 


'^'^  Horse- Godmother." — In  the  north  of  Eng- 
land a  coarse,  masculine  woman  is  called  a  "  horse- 
•jodmother."  What  can  be  the  origin  of  this 
singular  combination  ?  Henkt  T.  Riley. 

"  The  Woolgatherer." — Can  any  of  your  readers 
inform  me  who  wrote  The  Woolgatherer,  a  series 
of  essays  which  appeared  in  the  Athenceum  for 
1828?  R.J. 

Bellerophon,  Ovid, —  It  is  a  singular  fact  that, 
though  mentioned  by  Homer,  the  name  of  Belle- 
rophon is  7iever  once  introduced  by  Ovid  into  the 
Metamorphoses,  or  any  other  of  his  works.  By 
most  of  the  poets  the  possession  of  the  talaria,  or 
winged  sandals,  is  ascribed  to  Perseus,  while  Bel- 
lerophon mounts  the  winged  Pegasus  in  his  com- 
bat with  the  Chimaira.  Ovid  seems  to  attribute 
the  use  of  both  to  Perseus,  and  would  almost 
appear  to  have  considered  him  as  the  same  per- 
sonage with  Bellerophon.  See  the  Metamorphoses, 
b.  IV.  11. 665-6.  and  1.  786. ;  and  the  Amores,  b.  iii. 
el.  xii.  1. 24.  Can  any  of  your  readers  give  a 
better  explanation  of  this  circumstance  ? 

Henry  T.  Riley. 

Scotch  Pedigrees. —  I  shall  esteem  it  a  very 
great  favour  if  any  of  your  numerous  readers  will 
inform  me  how  a  Scotch  pedigree  can  best  be 
traced,  before  the  date  of  the  earliest  parochial 
registers,  i.e.  from  about  1400  to  1600. 

Sigma.  Theta. 

Munich  Tune.  —  Will  Dr.  Gatjntlett  kindly 
give  us  the  origin  of  the  tune  called  "Munich,"  a 
long  metre  in  the  tunes  published  by  him  for  the 
Church  Hymnal  ?  I  am  told  it  is  to  be  found  in 
some  very  old  selections ;  but  it  is  for  the  greater 
part  note  for  note  with  Meyerbeer's  famous  prayer 
in  the  Huguenots.  G.  W. 

'■'■  First  of  March.''  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
inform  me  who  is  the  author  of  the  poem  called 
"First  of  March,"  beginning  — 

"  The  bud  is  in  the  bough, 
And  the  leaf  is  in  the  bud. 
And  the  earth  is  beginning  now 
In  her  veins  to  feel  the  blood." 

I  have  heard  it,  and  seen  it,  attributed  to  Mrs. 
Ilemans  :  the  friend  who  favoured  me  with  a  copy 
took  it  from  a  local  newspaper  —  the  Leeds  Mer- 
cury —  several  years  ago,  where  it  had  her  name 
attached  ;  but  I  cannot  find  it  in  the  edition  of  her 
Works  published  by  the  Messrs.  Blackwood,  of 
Edinburgh :  who  said,  moreover,  when  asked,  that 
it  was  not  hers.  A.  Walker. 

Bradford. 

Regatta.  — What  is  the  origin  of  the  word 
"  Regatta  ? "  I  see  it  is  an  Italian  word,  but  I 
wish  to  know  where  regattas  were  first  held,  and 
their  connection  with  royally.  N.  G.  T. 


Cricket.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers  find  early 
mention  of  the  game  of  cricket  ?  It  was  played 
at  Eton  in  Horace  Walpole's  time.  Can  any  one 
enlighten  us  as  to  the  other  public  schools  ?  I 
have  traced  the  game  to  1685,  in  Sir  E.  Phillips. 
I  have  also  found  it  in  Swift's  John  Bull. 

The  Autiiob  op  "The  Cricket  Field." 

First  Chimney  in  England.  —  What  is  the  date 
of  the  first  chimney  in  England  ? 

A.  Holt  White. 

Lindjield.  —  In  Camden's  Britannia  by  Gough 
(Sussex),  under  this  parish  there  is  this  entry  : 
"  Where  Holland  says  there  was  once  a  small 
monastery."  Can  any  of  yOur  readers  supply  the 
reference,  and  give  any  further  account  of  this 
monastery,  of  which  there  is  no  trace  in  Dugdale  ? 
But  there  is  a  wood  called  Nunnery  AVood,  near 
the  village.  Memor. 

[The  reference  is  to  Camden's  Britain,  translated  by 
Philemon  Holland,  fol.,  1610,  p.  313.] 

French  Author  and  the  Rahbinical  Writers.  — 
In  a  MS.  Sermon,  which,  among  many  others,  I 
have  inherited,  the  following  passage  occurs : 

"  A  learned  French  author  says,  that  the  Rabbinical 
writers  would  not  write  pork  or  liell,  but  signified  them 
by  saying  that  he  who  eats  sometlimg  will  be  sent  sotne- 
ivhere ;  yet  they  had  no  scruple  to  describe  at  great  length 
the  ceremonies  used  in  the  worship  of  Baal-Peor." 

I  shall  be  obliged  by  reference  to  the  "learned 
French  author,"  or  the  original  rabbis.  The  for- 
mer must  be  as  remote  as  the  early  part  of  the 
last  century  ;  as  the  sermon's  Jirst  endorsement 
of  the  places  at  which  it  has  been  preached  is, 
"  Calne,  2"^  S.  post  Trin.,  17:34."  E.  Mooee. 

The  Family  of  Ranhy.  —  In  Hogarth's  Works 
there  is  an  etching  of  Mr.  Ranby's  house  at  Chis- 
wick,  the  mansion  now  occupied  by  Mr.  Tuke. 
Was  this  the  Mr.  Ran  by  Avho  was  surgeon  to 
George  II.  ?  When  did  this  family  leave  Chis- 
wick  ;  and  if  not  extinct,  where  is  it  now  located  ? 

Henry  T.  Riley. 

An  Acoustic  Query. — What  is  the  greatest 
known  distance  at  which  the  human  voice  has 
been  distinctly  heard  ?  Dr.  Jamieson  is  some- 
where said  to  have  heard  evei'y  word  of  a  sermon 
preached  two  miles  off"!  I  have  listened  to  the 
voice  of  the  village  "  ranter"  at  half  i\\9.t  distance ; 
but  all  that  was  appreciable  of  his  stentorian 
efforts  was  a  series  of  hoarse  inarticulate  vihra- 
tions,  "  vox  et  pra^terea  nihil."  Whether  the 
"sermon"  alluded  to  was  a  specimen  of  such 
village-green  oratory,  and  whether  those  powers 
of  elocution  were  tested  over  land  or  water  sur- 
face, I  know  not.  Be  this  as  it  may,  the  atmo- 
spheric ynedia  must  have  been  peculiarly  favour- 
able lor  such  an  experiment ;  of  course,  in  asking 
for  the  maximum,  distance,  I  mean  that  only  at 


2nri  s,  No  47,,  Nov.  22.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


411 


which  the  voice  may  be  distinctly  audiUe.  The 
voices  of  dogs  have  been  heard  at  a  vertical  eleva- 
tion of  three  or  four  miles.  F.  Pjiillott. 

^^ Irish  Historical  Library"  —  The  late  Mr. 
Hardiman  appended  the  following  note  to  his 

"  Catalogue  of  Maps,  Charts,  and  Plans  relating  to 
Ireland,  preserved  amongst  the  Manuscripts  in  the  Li- 
brary of  Trinity  College,  Dublin.  4to.,  Dublin,  1824":  — 

"  The  printed  maps  of  Ireland  are  numerous 

On  the  subject  of  our  printed  charts  and  maps,  much 
valuable  information  may  be  anticipated  from  the  learned 
bibliographical  researches  of  the  [late]  Kev.  Edward 
Groves,  the  result  of  which  will  shortly  appear  before  the 
public,  in  his  Irish  Historical  Library,  now  at  press." 

Mr.  Groves'  researches  have  not  appeared  in 
print.  Where  is  the  MS.  ?  And  have  we  any 
prospect  of  possessing  a  good  Irish  Historical  Li- 
hi-ary  ?  It  is  a  desideratum  in  the  literature  of 
the  nineteenth  century;  but  not  likely,  in  a  pecu- 
niary point  of  view,  to  be  a  profitable  speculation. 

Abiiba. 

Mordecai  Abbot,  Esq.  —  Can  any  genealogical 
contributor  of  "N.  &  Q."  inform  me  what  family 
of  Abbot  this  gentleman  belonged  to?  He  was 
lleceiver-General  of  the  Customs  in  the  reign  of 
Charles  II. 

A  portrait  of  him  exists  by  White,  the  eminent 
engraver,  bearing  the  following  shield  of  arms  : 
Gules,  a  chev.  between  3  pears,  or.     Crest,  a  uni- 
•  corn's  head,  arg.  between  2  ostrich  feathers,  or. 

John  de  C. 

Serjeant  Trumpeter.  —  There  was  formerly  in 
the  royal  household  an  officer  designated  Serjeant 
Trumpeter.  I  say  loas,  because  the  name  of  the 
individual  holding  it  was,  until  the  last  two  years, 
inserted  in  the  Directory,  but  is  now  not  to  be 
found  therein,  which  leads  me  to  suppose  that  it 
is  abolished.  I  shall  be  glad  to  be  informed  if 
such  is  the  case,  and  also  any  information  respect- 
ing the  emoluments,  &c.  of  this  post  will  be  ac- 
ceptable. X. 

Lieutenant  William  Bligh.  —  Can  any  of  your 
correspondents  inform  me  whether  Lieutenant 
William  Bligh,  who  commanded  the  "Bounty," 
(and  whose  crew  mutinied  against  him  on  April 
28,  1789,  after  leaving  Otaheite,)  was  married? 
and  if  so,  to  whom  ?  Stic. 

Furious  CocAs.  — 

"  Memorable  is  the  story  of  a  cock  which  was  stoned 
bv  the  sentence  of  the  council  for  having  killed  a  little 
child." 

So  writes  the  learned  Lightfoot,  on  Matthew 
xxvi.  34.,  and  his  reference  is  to  Jems.  Ej'ubhin., 
fol.  26.  1.  Instances  of  such  a  savage  propensity 
in  these  birds  are  not,  I  imagine,  very  frequent  ; 
and  it  may  be  worthy  of  record  that  a  common 
barn-door  cock,  of  no  very  choice  breed,  flew  on 


the  head  of  a  little  child  about,  three  years  old  in 
my  parish  last  Sunday,  and  made  a  most  fierce 
attack  upon  the  little  thing's  face  with  its  beak 
and  spurs.  Providentially  the  child's  father  was 
near  at  hand,  and  enabled  to  interfere  for  its  pre- 
servation, but  not  till  some  severe  scratches  had 
been  inflicted  in  the  neighbourhood  of  the  eyes. 

C.  W.  Bingham, 
Nov.  8. 

Gold  at  Hamburgh.  —  Weekly  in  the  Wednes- 
day's city  article  of  The  Times  I  read  a  paragraph 
commencing  in  terms  such  as  the  following : 

"  By  advices  from  Hamburgh  the  price  of  gold  is  424 
per  mark,"  &c.  &c. 

Will  you  permit  me,  through  the  means  of  your 
paper,  to  seek  information  as  to  what  is  to  be 
understood  as  the  integer  of  which  424'  is  the 
multiple ;  and  what  is  the  mark  ?  The  one,  I  ■ 
suppose,  represents  a  certain  currency  value,  and 
the  other  a  weight  known  to  dealers  in  bullion ; 
t)ut  I  do  not  know.  •  Inqxiieer. 

Print  of  St.  Lawrences  Church,  Heading.  — 
Wanted  an  old  print  of  St.  Lawrence's  Church, 
Reading,  and  the  adjacent  buildings,  drawn  by 
William  Blakemore  about  1760.  Perhaps  Mr. 
TurnbuU  could  assist  me. 

From  Coates's  Reading,  p.  312.,  I  make  the  fol- 
lowing extract : 

"  In  its  original  state  the  school-room  was  (an  ecclesi- 
astical building)  very  lofty ;  probably  the  great  hall  of 
St.  John's  Hospital.  On  the  west  side  of  the  old  town 
hall  appeared  the  traces  of  three  large  pointed  windows, 
reaching  nearly  to  the  setting  on  of  the  tiling ;  which 
may  be  seen  in  a  view  of  St.  Lawrence's  Church  and  the 
adjacent  buildings,  drawn  by  William  Blakemore  about 
17G0." 

Julia  E,.  Bockett. 

Southcote  Lodge,  Reading. 

Mosaic  Cabinet.  —  In  the  north-west  gallery, 
central  transept,  of  the  Crystal  Palace,  there 
stands  a  piece  of  antique  furniture,  containing  fif- 
teen mosaic  panels,  in  which  are  thirty  birds,  four 
dolphins,  and  an  urn.  The  tails  of  the  birds  and 
fish  branch  out  into  scrolls  of  foliage  and  fancy 
flowers.  The  panels  are  formed  by  borders  of 
leaves.  Most  of  the  birds  are  horned,  have  coro- 
nets on  their  heads,  and  flowers  in  their  mouths. 
Can  any  of  your  readers  state  to  what  artistic 
school  it  belongs,  or  where  executed  ?  E.  R. 

Islington. 


Bishops'  Aprons.  —  Your  valuable  periodical 
reaches  us  regularly  in  this  city.  Will  you  have 
the  kindness,  for  the  benefit  of  one  of  your  sub- 
scribers, to  say  by  what  name  the  black  silk  apT 


412 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°d  S.  No  47.,  Nov.  22,  '56. 


penclage  worn  in  front  by  the  bishops  of  the  Church 
of  England  is  called  ?  You  are  aware  that  these 
venerable  prelates  appear  in  the  streets  in  the 
dress  usually  worn  by  ecclesiastics,  but  with  this 
addition,  which  to  the  eyes  of  an  uninformed  laic 
has  the  appearance  of  an  apron.  An  Inqijireb. 
Charleston,  South  Carolina. 

[This  apron  is  nothing  more  than  the  short  cassock, 
and  is  not  peculiarl}'  a  part  of  the  episcopal  dress ;  for  the 
practice  of  the  bishops  wearing  it  only  demonstrates 
t!int  they  are  attentive  to  the  spirit  of  the  74th  canon, 
which  extends  its  obligaition,  and  forces  its  authority 
alike  on  the  dignitar_v,  the  priest,  and  the  deacon.  The 
short  cassock  differs  from  the  long  one  in  its  having  no 
collar  or  sleeves,  and  in  its  extending  only  about  two 
inches  below  the  knees.  It  was  so  commonly  used  about 
a  century  ago  that  there  were  then  various  kinds  of 
them  made  ;  some  adapted  for  riding,  and  others  for 
Avalking.  Fielding  relates,  that  Parson  Adams  both  rode 
and  walked  in  his,  as  occasion  served.  And  Savage,  in 
■his  satire  The  Progress  of  a  Divine,  1735,  after  describing 
his  hero  in  his  college  progress,  and  taking  his  first  de- 
gree, proceeds  — 

"  Let  testimonials  then  his  worth  disclose, 
He  gains  a  cassoch,  beaver,  and  a  rose." 

Archdeacon  Sharp,  commenting  upon  the  74th  canon, 
says,  "  There  are  some  parts  of  our  peculiar  dress,  which 
win  at  all  times,  and  in  all  places,  sufficiently  distinguish 
us  from  laymen,  and  which  may  without  the  least  incon- 
venience be  worn  on  every  occasion  that  calls  us  abroad, 
and  even  upon  journeys.  Such  badges  of  our  order  for 
instance  as  the  band,  hat-band,  or  short  cassock :  which 
latter  I  the  rather  mention  here,  because  it  falls  in  with 
one  of  the  directions  in  this  canon,  which  is  yet  very 
practicable  as  well  as  decent:  viz.  '  uti  ne  in  publicum 
nisi  promissis  vestibus  induti  prodeant : '  which  '  pro- 
missaj  vestes  '  are  interpreted  in  a  marginal  note  by  cas- 
socks, and  in  the  English  version  of  the  canon  by  a  para- 
phrase, which  implies  a  liberty  of  wearing  them  short."] 

Heralds''  Visitation.  —  Perhaps  you  can  inform 
me  if  any  other  of  the  "Heralds'  Visitations"  than 
Camden's  (reprinted  by  the  Camden  Society)  are 
to  be  had  in  print  ?  N.  E.  P. 

[The  Visitations  of  Berkshire  by  Harvcj',  1566  ;  Cam- 
den, 1623 ;  and  Bvsshe,  1664,  have  been  privately  printed 
by  Sir  Thomas  Phillipps,  Bart.,  who  has  also  printed 
Camden's  Visitation  of  Cambridgeshire  in  1619;  Bysshe's 
Visitation  of  Middlesex,  1663  ;  and  Camden's  Visitation 
of  Somersetshire  and  Wiltshire,  1623:  Flower's  Visitation 
of  Durham,  1575,  was  printed  at  Newcastle-upon-Tyne 
in  1820  ;  St.  George's  Visitation  of  Durham,  1615,  printed 
at  Sunderland  in  1820.  The  Topographer  for  March,  1821, 
privately  printed  bvSir  Thomas  Phillipps,  Bart,  contains 
the  Visitations  of  Hertfordshire  and  Cooke's  of  Oxford- 
shire, 1574.  The  Visitation  of  Westmoreland,  in  1615, 
was  printed  in  a  narrative  foi'm  by  J.  G.  Bell,  in  1853. 
An  Index  to  the  Warwickshire  Visitation  in  the  Harleian 
Library  has  been  privately  printed  by  Sir  Thomas  Phil- 
lipps, Bart.  The  Visitations  of  Lancashire,  under  the  edi- 
torship of  Mr.  Hibberd,  are  preparing  for  publication  by 
the  Chetham  Society.  For  these  particulars  we  are  in- 
debted to  Mr.  Sims's  useful  Manual  for  the  Genealogist, 
Topographer,  Antiquary,  and  Legal  Professor,  1856.] 

Captain  Morris.  —  It  is  stated  that  this  well- 
known  lyrist  became  before  his  death,  not  in  name 
only,  but  in  reality,  a  man  of  deep  religious  feeling. 


How  far  is  this  statement,  which  has  been  made 
with  great  confidence,  to  be  depended  upon?     T. 

[Captain  Charles  Morris,  whose  convivial  songs  were 
once  in  such  high  repute,  died  at  Brockham  Lodge,  Dor- 
king, in  his  ninety- third  j'ear,  on  July  11,  1838.  Just 
before  his  death  he  seems  to  have  collected  what  he  calls 
"  the  trifling  scraps  of  his  humble  muse,"  which  were 
published  after  his  death,  entitled,  Lyra  Urbanica ;  or  the 
Social  Effusions  of  the  celebrated  Captain  Charles  3Iorris, 
of  the  late  Life  Guards,  2  vols.  8vo.,  1840.  In  his  Pre- 
face "  To  the  Public,"  he  thus  apologises  for  the  careless 
gaieties  and  sprightly  fancies  of  his  mirthful  muse.  "  As 
it  will  be  seen,  perhaps,  that  I  make  tiie  quickening  in- 
spiration of  wine  the  awakening  cause  of  the  heart's  wor- 
thiest emotions  and  sweetest  gratifications,  I  must  here, 
in  vindication,  remark,  that  it  is  from  a  wish  to  give  the 
pensive,  gloomy,  world-worn  breast  a  more  gay  and  vivid 
perception  of  the  fair  side  of  human  condition,  and  awaken 
it  to  a  brighter  aspect  of  Nature,  that  I  recommend  the 
depressed  spirit  a  sip  of  the  care-repelling  fountain  ;  but 
not  to  dim  the  brightness  produced  from  the  sparkling 
drop  by  the  heavy  clouds  of  intemperate  stupidity.  I 
beg  leave,  at  the  same  time,  to  add,  that  I  am  a  professed 
enemy  to  all  excess,  and  abuse  of  the  human  faculties: 
abhor  the  practice  and  despise  the  effect ;  and,  as  a  votary 
of  mirth  and  pleasure,  I  revolt  at  the  sottish  stupidity 
and  debasing  shame,  and  would  fly  the  brutal  influence 
as  I  would  a  contagion."  At  p.  332.  of  the  second  volume 
of  this  collection  are  "  Verses  occasioned  by  an  earnest 
request  from  the  Members  of  the  Beef-Steak  Society  to 
Captain  Morris,  then  on  the  verge  of  ninety  years  of  age, 
to  appear  once  more  amongst  them  before  he  quitted 
the  world."  Had  the  compiler  of  the  interesting  Iland- 
Book  of  Dorking,  1855,  seen  the  captain's  prefatory  re- 
marks to  his  pieces,  he  would  perhaps  have  modified  in 
some  degree  the  following  notice  of  him  :  "  Brockham 
Lodge  was  the  residence  of  Captain  Morice  (^sic),  a  lyric 
bard,  beloved  by  all  convivial  spirits,  but  religiously 
shunned  by  the  sober  and  serious  portion  of  the  commu- 
nity. The  popularit}'  which  he  once  possessed  has  con- 
siderably diminished  of  late  years;  and  justly  so,  for  no 
tolerance  of  feeling  should  ever  forgive,  except  by  for- 
getting, the  desecration  of  the  noble  gift  of  poesy."] 

Durham  University.  —  Can  you  afford  me  in- 
formation respecting  the  University  founded  at 
Durham  by  Oliver  Cromwell  in  the  year  1657  ? 
It  would  not  merely  confer  a  personal  favour 
upon  myself,  but  would  also  materially  benefit 
many  others  who  take  an  interest  in  the  present 
University,  and  in  the  history  of  its  antecedents. 

DUNELMENSIS. 

The  Castle,  Durham. 

[A  writ  of  privy  seal  for  founding  an  university  at 
Durham  was  signed  by  Oliver  Cromwell,  May  15,  1657. 
This  university,  rather  intended  to  be  founded  than 
actually  settled,  was  soon  suppressed.  The  original  writ 
is  preserved  in  the  archives  of  the  Dean  and  Cliapter  of 
Durham.  It  had  been  obtained  by  The  Humble  Desires 
of  the  Gentlemen,  Freeholders,  and  Inhabitants  of  the 
County  and  City  of  Durham,  fol.  1652,  a  copy  of  which  is 
in  the  British"^  Museum.  George  Allan,  of  Darlington, 
published  in  1777,  "  The  Recommendatory  Letter  of  Oliver 
Cromwell  to  William  Lenthall,  Esq.,  Speaker  of  the  House 
of  Commons,  for  Erecting  a  College  and  University  at 
Durham,  and  his  Letters  Patent  (when  Lord  Protector) 
for  founding  the  same,"  &c.  This  Letter  is  in  the  Gren- 
ville  library  at  the  British  Museum.  It  appears  to  have 
been  suppressed  on  account  of  petitions  against  it  from 


2»d  s.  No  47.,  Nov.  22.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


413 


the  Universities  of  Oxford  and  Cambridge.  Master 
George  Fox,  the  founder  of  the  Quakers,  however,  as- 
sumed to  himself  the  merit  of  having  been  the  means  of 
suppressing  this  University.  "  We  came  to  Durham," 
says  he,  "  where  was  a  man  come  down  from  London  to 
set  up  a  college  there  to  make  ministers  of  Christ,  as  they 
said.  I  went  with  some  others  to  reason  with  the  man, 
and  to  let  him  see,  that  to  teach  men  Hebrew,  Greek,  and 
Latin,  and  the  seven  arts,  which  was  all  but  the  teach- 
ings of  the  natural  man,  was  not  the  way  to  make  them 
ministers  of  Christ ;  for  the  languages  began  at  Babel ; 
and  to  the  Greeks,  that  spake  Greek  in  their  mother- 
tongue,  the  cross  of  Christ  was  but  foolishness ;  and  to 
the  Jews  that  spake  Hebrew  as  their  mother-tongue, 
Christ  was  a  stumbling-block;  and  as  for  the  Romans, 
who  had  the  Latin  and  Italian,  they  persecuted  the 
Christians ;  and  Pilate,  one  of  the  Romans,  set  Hebrew, 
Greek,  and  Latin,  a-top  of  Christ  when  he  crucified  him ; 
and  Jolin  the  Divine,  who  preached  the  Word  that  was 
in  the  beginning,  said  that  the  beast  and  the  whore  had 
power  over  tongues  and  languages,  and  they  are  as 
waters.  Thus  I  told  him  he  might  see  the  whore  and 
the  beast  have  power  over  the  tongues,  and  the  many 
languages  which  are  in  Babylon.  Now,  said  I  to  the 
man,  dost  thou  think  to  make  ministers  of  Christ  by  the 
natural  confused  languages  which  sprang  from  Babel,  are 
admired  in  Babel,  and  set  a-top  of  Christ  by  a  persecutor? 
Oh  no !  So  the  man  confessed  to  many  of  these  things ; 
and  when  we  had  thus  discoursed  with  him,  he  became 
very  loving  and  tender,  and  after  he  had  considered 
farther  of  it,  he  never  set  up  his  college."] 

Henry  Justice,  Fellow  Commoner  of  Trin.  Coll. 
Cambridge.  —  This  person  was  convicted  of  steal- 
ino[  books  from  Trinity  College  Library,  in  the 
earlier  part  of  last  century,  (about  1730, 1  believe), 
and  was  sentenced  to  be  transported  to  his  Ma- 
jesty's Plantations.  Of  what  family  was  he  a 
member  ?  What  eventually  became  of  him,  and 
when  and  where  did  he  die  ?       Henry  T.  Riley. 

[Henry  Justice,  of  the  Middle  Temple,  was  tried  at  the 
Old  Baifey  on  Maj'  8,  1736,  for  stealing  books  out  of 
Trinity  College  library,  Cambridge.  He  pleaded,  that  in 
the  year  1734  he  was  admitted  fellow-commoner  of  the 
said  College,  whereby  he  became  a  member  of  that  cor- 
poration, and  had  a  property  in  the  books,  and  therefore 
could  not  be  guilty  of  felony.  The  jury  found  him  guilty, 
and  he  was  sentenced,  on  May  10,  to  be  transported  to 
some  of  his  Majesty's  plantations  in  America  for  seven 
years.    Here  we  lose  sight  of  him.] 

"  Armelle  Nicolas'  Confession."  —  "  Armelle 
Nicolas  "  is  a  name  known  in  German  devout  vo- 
lumes, and  it  is  mentioned  in  the  last  volume  of 
Wesley's  Works.  I  wish  to  discover  an  English 
poem,  translated  from  her  German,  called  "  Ar- 
melle Nicolas's  Confession  of  Faith:"  it  begins 
thus  : 

"To  the  God  of  my  life,  in  the  morning,  said  she,"  &c. 
and  I  shall  be  much  obliged  if  any  person  will  let 
me  know  where  it  may  be  found.      C.  P.  Brown. 

E.  I.  Club,  St.  James's  Square. 

[There  was  a  French  girl  of  the  name  of  Armelle  Ni- 
colits,  born  Dec.  19,  1606,  and  died  Oct  24,  1671,  whose 
life  was  published  in  France,  and  an  abridged  translation 
in  English  at  Bristol  in  1772,  entitled  Life  of  Armelle 
Nicolas,  commonly  called  21ie  Good  Armelle,  a  poor  Maid- 


Servant  in  France  who  could  not  read  a  letter  in  a  book, 
and  yet  a  noble  and  happy  Servant  of  the  King  of  Kings. 
There  is  no  mention  of  anj'  poem  by  her  in  this  work,  nor 
in  the  account  of  her  in  the  Biographic  Universelle,  Sup- 
plement, vol.  XX.  p.  366.] 

Lord  Halifax ;  Henry  Carey ;  Edmund  Kean. — 
Henry  Carey  was  said  to  have  been  an  illegiti- 
mate son  of  George  Savile,  Marquis  of  Halifax. 
Is  it  known  who  was  his  mother  ?  Macaulay  says, 
in  one  of  his  last  volumes,  that  Edmund  Kean 
was  said  to  have  been  a  descendant  of  the  same 
peer.  If  so,  by  whom  ?  and  what  was  the  exact 
relationship  (in  fact,  not  in  law,)  of  Kean  to 
George  Savile  ?  Henry  T.  Riley. 

[Henry  Carey,  musical  composer  and  poet,  was  an  ille- 
gitimate son  of  George  Savile,  Marquis  of  Halifax  (his 
mother's  name  still  remains  a  query),  and  left  a  son 
George  Savile  Carey,  also  a  lyrist,  whose  daughter  mar- 
ried Edmund  Kean,  an  architect.  The  issue  of  this  mar- 
riage was  Edmund  Kean,  the  late  celebrated  actor.] 

Hieronymus  Radiolensis.  —  Who  was  Hierony- 
mus  Radiolensis,  from  whom  Southey  quotes  in 
The  Doctor,  vol.  v.  p.  240.,  2nd  edition  ? 

W.  T.  M. 

Hong  Kong. 

[Hieronymus  Radiolensis  was  a  monk  of  the  Order 
of  V  allumbrosa  in  the  latter  half  of  the  fifteenth  century. 
He  was  the  author  of  the  Miracles  of  St.  Gualbert,  in 
three  books,  printed  in  Acta  Sanctorum,  July  12th.  The 
passage  quoted  by  Southey  commences  part  i.  of  book  iii. 
p.  440.  He  also  wrote  a  compendium  of  the  Life  of  To- 
relli,  in  the  same  work,  March  16th,  p.  504.1 


acicjjitc^. 


CARICATURES. 


(2""^  S.  ii.  329.) 

The  title  of  the  book  inquired  after  by  E.  H.  A. 
is  : 

"  A  Political  and  Satj'rical  Historj'  of  the  Years  1756, 
1757,  1758,  and  1759,  in  a  series  of  one  hundred  humor- 
ous and  entertaining  Prints,  &c.,  in  two  parts." 

The  first  part  contained  seventy-five  prints,  and 
referred  only  to  the  years  1756  and  1757;  the 
second  part  contained  twenty-five  prints  referring 
to  1758  and  1759. 

These  prints,  or  the  greater  part  of  them,  were 
originally  printed  and  circulated  upon  cards. 
Walpole  in  his  Memoirs  of  Geo.  II.,  vol.  ii.  p.  68., 
under  the  date  1756,  says  : 

"  A  new  species  of  satiric  prints  now  first  appeared,  in- 
vented by  Geo.  Townsend ;  they  were  caricatures  on  cards. 
The  original  one,  which  had  amazing  vent,  was  of  New- 
castle and  Fox  looking  at  each  other,  and  crying  with 
Peachum  in  the  Beggar's  Opera,  '  Brother,  Brother,  we  are 
both  in  the  wrong.'  " 

This  volume  was  "  Printed  for  E.  Mari^,  near 
St.  Paul's." 
I  have  a  copy  of  the  fifth  edition,  called  vol.  i. : 


414 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


12"^  S.  N"  47.,  Nov.  22.  '56. 


tlie  year  1760  is  added,  and  the  series  consists  of 
104  prints.  This  was  "Digested  and  published 
by  M.  Darly,  at  the  Acorn  in  Ryders  Court, 
Cranborn  Alley,  Leicester  Fields." 

The  second  volume  of  this  edition  had  been 
originally  published  with  the  title  of  — 

"  A  Political  and  Satyrical  History  Displaying  the  un- 
liappy  Influence  of  Scotch  Prevalency  in  the  years 
1761,'  17G2,  and  1763,  being  a  regular  series  of  ninety-six 
humorous,  transparent,  and  entertaining  Prints." 

Some  of  these  prints  are  folding,  and  are  num- 
bered with  two  consecutive  numbers  :  some  are 
also  transparent,  and  have  each  four  numbers. 
Thus  the  numbers  (not  the  prints)  run  up,  in  the 
two  volumes,  to  200. 

.  These  volumes  are  rare,  even  in  an  imperfect 
state,  and  very  rare  when  perfect. 

Edw.  Hawkins. 


ARTILLERY. 

(2°^  S.  ii.  328.) 

Subjoined  are  two  lists  of  parish  armour,  as  it 
existed  about  two  hundred  years  ago  in  the  con- 
tiguous parishes  of  Ecclesfield  and  Sheffield,  which 
I  think  will  show  what  was  the  kind  of  artillery 
then  in  use.  The  first  list  is  from  an  original  do- 
cument in  Ecclesfield  parish  chest ;  the  other  is 
from  Hunter's  Hallamshire^  p.  105,  : 

"  P'ishe  Armor  [1610]. 
Costelhetcs  with  hcade  peces  and  all  thinges  be- 
longing           -            -            -            -  -  ii'J 

Muskytes            -            -            -            -  -  iij 

Callyveres          -            -            -             -  '  \\ 

Bandeleres,  with  Charges          -            -  "  jJ 

J>wordes              -----  vij 

Gyrdelles            -            -            -            -  -  ij 

Headepeces         .            .            -            -  -  yj 

tflaxes  &  C'uch  boxes     .            -            -  -  iij 

One  Jacko           -            -            -            -  -  j 

A  Longe  bowe  and  Arrowes. 

One  headpece  to  y^  Jack. 

Pyckes   -            -            -            -            -  -  iiij 

One  peare  of  pannyars. 

Muskyet  Eestes              -            -            -  -  iij" 

"  Anns  belongliif)  to  the  Township  of  Sheffield,  A.i).  1615. 

3  corslets. 

8  headpieces. 

4  musketts. 
1  Caliever. 

9  Swords  &  3  girdles  &  hangers. 

4  Muskett  rests. 

5  bandilieross. 
5  pikes. 

5  flaxes. 

5  tuch-boxes,  &  2  pnire  ofbullett  moodcs. 

And  of  old  armour ; 

8  daggers  &  8  girdles. 

3  corsletts. 

3  headpieces  &  2  old  cnlivers." 


The  first  mention  of  armour  in  the  Ecclesfield 
parish  accounts  is  in  1500  : 

"  To  Thomas  Crosleye  for  dressinge  the  armo'',  iij'." 

Again,  1592  : 

"  Thos.  Crossley  for  hys  whole  yeres  wages  for  kepingo 
the  armo'",  viij^ 

1605: 

"  Payd  to  Brodely  for  dressinge  the  p'ishe  Armo''  & 
laying  y  t  in  showdes  the  ix  of  June,  1G05,  viij<i." 

Query,  what  are  showdes  ?  J.  Eastwood. 


D.  W.  asks  what  artillery  was  used  200  years 
ago  for  shooting  at  Town-butts  ?  The  answer  is 
the  long-bow. 

As  late  as  the  reign  of  James  I.  the  word  "  ar- 
tillery" meant  any  instrument  for  the  projecting 
of  missiles.  Thus  in  the  authorised  version  of  the 
Bible  of  1611,  in  the  20th  chapter  of  the  First 
Book  of  Samuel,  after  stating  that  Jonathan  di- 
rected a  lad  to  pick  up  his  arrows,  it  is  added  at 
v.  40. :  "And  Jonathan  gave  his  artillery  unto 
his  lad,"  evidently  meaning  his  bow,  as  the  lad 
had  already  got  the  arrows. 

Sir  Samuel  Meyrick,  in  his  Treatise  on  Ancient 
Armour  (vol.  ii.  p.  296.),  says  : 

"  The  Honourable  Artillery  Company  of  London  was 
instituted  by  Henry  VIII.,  in  the  year  1537,  for  the  en- 
convngement  of  Archery.  The  fraternity  were  also  au- 
thorised to  exercise  themselves  in  shooting  with  lonff-hows, 
cross-hows,  and  hand-guns,  at  all  manner  of  marks  and 
butts." 

By  the  Statute  3  H[enry  VIII.  chap.  3.,  all  men 
under  the  age  of  forty,  some  certain  persons  only 
excepted,  were  ordered  to  have  bows  and  arrows, 
and  to  use  shooting,  and  the  inhabitants  of  every 
city,  town,  and  place,  were  to  erect  butts  and 
use  shooting  on  holidays,  and  at  every  other  con- 
venient time.  F.  A.  Carrington. 

Ogbourne  St.  George. 


In  "the  King's  Majestie's  declaration  to  his 
subjects  concerning  lawful  sports  to  be  used," 
published  in  1618,  in  a  pamphlet  of  nine  pages 
(and  thence  called  King  James'  Book  of  Sports), 
republished  by  King  Charles  in  1633,  and  by  an 
ordinance  of 'Parliament  in  1643  burnt  by  the 
common  hangman,  one  of  the  lawful  recreations 
mentioned,  from  which  none  were  to  be  dis- 
couraged in  their  own  parish,  after  the  ending  of 
Divine  service,  upon  the  Sunday's  afternoon,  was 
"  archerie  for  men ; "  and,  as  the  word  "  artillery  " 
was  formei'ly  applied  to  signify  all  missile  weapons 
and  the  machinery  for  projecting  them,  the  an- 
swer to  D.  W.'s  inquiry,  what  kind  of  artillery 
was  used  200  years  ago  for  practising  at  the  Town- 
butts,  will  probably  be  "  bows  and  arrows."  Such 
seems  to  have  been  the  common  application  of 
the  word  about  the  period  in  question.     For  in 


2nd  s.  N*  47.,  Nov.  22.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


415 


the  authorised  translation  of  the  Bible  in  1611,  it 
is  substituted  as  a  preferable  rendering  of  the 
word  which  in  our  former  versions  had  been 
translated  "weapons"  and  "instruments,"  — "And 
Jonathan  gave  his  artillery  unto  his  lad,  and  said 
unto  him,  go,  carry  them  to  the  city  ; "  meaning 
the  bow  and  arrows  he  had  brought  with  him  to 
make  the  concerted  signal,  in  the  field,  to  David. 
1  Sam.  XX.  40.  The  previous  translations  had 
been,  in  Coverdale,  1535,  "his  wapens;  "  in  Mat- 
thews, 1537,  and  in  Cranmer,  1539,  "  his  wepons ;  " 
in  the  first  and  second  Bishops'  Bible,  1568  and 
1572,  "  instrumentes ;  "  and  in  the  Genevan,  1560, 
''  bowe  and  arrowes."  V.  F.  S. 


Two  hundred  years  ago  artillery  meant  (amongst 
other  things)  bows  and  arrows,  as  may  be  seen  by 
comparing  1  Sam.  xx.  40.,  "  And  Jonathan  gave 
his  artillery  unto  his  lad,"  &c.,  with  the  preceding 
narrative.  J.  Eastwood. 


LETTER    TO    LORD    MONTEAGLE    AND    LADT    SELBY. 

(2-"!  S.  ii.  248.  314.) 

Some  weeks  since,  my  friend  Major  Luard  (the 
present  occupier  of  Ightham  Mote,  and  husband 
of  the  presumptive  heiress,)  drew  my  attention  to 
an  incised  slate  slab  which  he  had  discovered  in 
the  dark  recess  behind  Lady  Selby's  bust,  on  the 
monument  in  Ightham  Church.  He  represented 
it  as  detailing  the  history  of  Guy  Fawkes. 

The  recent  discussion  in  "  N.  &  Q."  making  me 
anxious  to  ascertain  if  this  slab  could  throw  any 
light  on  the  question,  I  accompanied  my  gallant 
friend  to  the  church  last  week,  and  found  it  to  be 
as  he  had  represented. 

By  the  aid  of  his  skilful  pencil  I  am  in  posses- 
sion of  an  exact  copy  of  the  slab,  which  I  purpose 
to  have  lithographed  for  distribution  among  our 
antiquary  friends. 

It  seems  merely  intended  as  an  illustration  of 
the  inscription  given  in  "  N.  &  Q."  (2°''  S.  ii.  248.) 
That  inscription  has  been  for  many  years  known 
to  me ;  and,  till  the  question  was  raised  by  Mag- 
DALENENSis,  I  have  never  interpreted  it  as  implying 
anything  more  than  that  Lady  Selby  Lad  worked 
in  tapestry  representations  of  The  Golden  Age., 
the  Story  of  Jonah,  and  that  of  Guy  Fawkes. 
Now,  on  the  tomb,  in  a  recess  behind  Lady  Selby's 
bust,  we  find  coloured  plaister  work,  moulded  in 
relief,  representing  Adam  and  Eve  in  Paradise 
(the  woman  rising  from  Adam's  ribs ;  the  for- 
bidden tree  ;  savage  and  domestic  animals  roam- 
ing in  harmony,  &c.).  This  answers  to  The 
Golden  Age  of  the  inscription. 

Beneath  this  comes  our  incised  slab  ;  on  which, 
on  the  left,  is  the  Papal  conclave,  seated  in 
council  before  the  Pope :  the  Devil  peering  at 


them  through  the  canopy,  and  Guy  Fawkes  re- 
ceiving his  commission,  in  the  form  of  a  sealed 
diploma.  On  the  riglit,  he  is  proceeding,  lantern 
in  hand,  towards  the  powder  casks,  to  execute 
this  commission. 

This  is  '■'■  the  plot"  which  her  "art"  disclosed. 
Methinks  the  expression  "  art"  suflices  to  limit 
the  meaning  of  the  writer  to  an  effort  of  manual 
skill  on  the  part  of  the  lady. 

The  position  of  the  incised  slab,  at  the  back  of 
the  monumental  bust,  renders  it  didicult  to  see  all 
that  may  be  engraved  on  it.  Further  inspection 
may  bring  to  light  a  representation  of  the  "  acts 
of  Jonah,"  even  if  something  of  the  sort  be  not 
intended  by  the  ships  and  sporting  fish  which 
occupy  the  space  between  the  left  and  right  por- 
tions of  the  story  of  Guy  Fawkes,  as  detailed 
above,  although  the  inscriptions  would  certainly 
seem  to  indicate  the  destruction  of  the  Armada, 
as  the  subject  of  this  part  of  the  picture.  This, 
however,  must  remain  in  doubt  till  permission 
can  be  obtained  to  move  the  bust,  and  thus  lay 
open  the  entire  slab.  Enough,  however,  is  seen  to 
warrant  the  inference  that  the  purport  of  those 
who  designed  this  monument  was  to  immortalise 
Lady  Selby  as  "  a  Dorcas  : "  first,  by  the  inscrip- 
tion ;  and  then,  by  a  sketch  of  the  works  detailed 
therein. 

C.  DE  D.  mentions  tapestry  at  the  Mote.  There 
is  none  there  now  :  and,  as  far  as  family  tradition 
extends,  the  only  tapestry  ever  there,  represented 
far  different  subjects  from  these ;  but  of  this  we 
must  not  pretend  to  speak  with  certainty.  It 
would  lengthen  this  article  too  much  were  I  to 
give  minuter  details  of  the  figures,  mottoes,  &c. 
on  the  incised  slab.  The  above  will  suffice  for 
the  purpose  in  view,  viz.  to  enable  your  readers 
to  see  how  this  monument  bears  upon  the  ques- 
tion recently  opened  in  your  columns,  as  to  Lady 
Selby  being  the  writer  of  the  letter  to  Lord  Mon- 
teagle;  the  solitary  authority  for  hel*  having  writ- 
ten it  (as  far  as  I  have  been  able  to  discover)  is 
the  expression  of  the  inscription  "  whose  arts  dis- 
closed that  plot,"  &c. 

May  not  this  question  very  naturally  be  asked, — 
If  Lady  Selby's  authorship  of  the  letter  was  a  fact 
so  notorious  in  her  family  as  to  be  recorded  by 
them  on  her  monument,  is  it  possible  that  it 
could  have  remained  wholly  unknown  to  the 
public  ?  and  is  it  likely  that  such  signal  service 
to  the  State  would  have  remained  unrewarded 
and  unhonoured  ? 

Surely  it  is  utterly  impossible  that  the  historian 
should  have  vainly  searched  for  the  revealer  of 
the  plot,  while  all  the  time  the  secret  was  not 
confined  to  her  own  breast.  The  letter  was  pro- 
bably written  by  a  confederate,  who  let  the  secret 
of  his  treachery  be  buried  with  him  in  his  grave. 

L.  B.  L. 


416 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  47.,  Nov.  22.  '56. 


PAGAN   PHILOSOPHER  ! 
LEAGUE 


AUTHOR   OF   SIR   SIMON 
BABIGER. 


(2"'>  S.  ii.  150.) 

"  AittTi  Sri  o5j'  avTO?  fiev  6  ravra  Sptov  6i5(i>\oiroib$  avi)p  iav 
Tov  a(^i)j(ri.  (SeA-Ttova  o;'Ta  koX  ck  fieKrioviov  yeyovora'  rots  Se 
ai//uxots  eiSwXois,  xat  (xovr;  rp  ejj.<l>a.(TeL  Tr)s  ^co^s  eTriTrveoftefots, 
apixovia  T6  €)ri(r»c6ua<rT)7  Koi  TroAveiSei  (rvreyofieVoi!  eluOev,  e<f>e- 
/uepoif  T€  aT«x'"*S  oJo'ii',  aTroTricTTeuwi'  Aatcerat ;  Trorepoi'  toi" 
yy^criov  Kttl  aAijfles  iv  avrai?  vrrapx^i ;  a\A'  ovSec  tcov  iiirb  av- 
OpajTriVijs  Te'xi'ijs  (Tv/aTrAaTTO/ueVo)!'.  eiAiKpii'es  etrri  Kal  KaOapov." 

—  Jamblichus  de  3Iysteriis,  cxxix.  p.  99.,  ed.  Gail,  Oxon., 
1678. 

If  the  author  had  read  the  whole  of  this  short 
and  curious  chapter,  he  would  have  found  that  by 
cj'ScJAa  the  "  Pagan  Philosopher "  did  not  mean 
graven  images,  but  the  magical  phantasms  pro- 
duced by  fumigation,  which,  he  says,  are  less 
durable  than  the  reflections  in  a  mirror,  and  are 
lost  as  the  smoke  is  diffused. 

I  have  not  been  at  Upsala,  but  I  know  Utrecht 
and  its  cathedral.  In  Murray's  Handbook  for 
Holland  and  No7-thern  Germany  it  is  said  : 

"  The  lofty  choir  is  a  fragment  of  a  noble  Gothic  edi- 
fice, the  finest  church  in  Holland;  but  it  has  suffered 
mucli  from  fanatic  iconoclasts  and  modern  pewing,  and 
high  wood-work,  in  the  conventicle  style,  which  hides  its 
beautifully-clustered  Gothic  pillars  of  great  height  and 
lightness.  They  have,  too,  been  sadlj''  cut  away  to  admit 
tlie  upper  seats,  which  are  arranged  like  those  of  a  lecture 
theatre." 

The  author  of  The  Enquiry^  Sfc,  perhaps  thinks 
this  not  enough ;  but  the  music  which  I  heard 
there  might  have  satisfied  Knox,  if  taken  as  a 
protest  against  harmony  and  melody.  The  cathe- 
dral was  well  filled,  and  the  congregation  sung 
from  their  psalm-books,  with  no  particular  atten- 
tion to  the  organ.  Those  who  had  finished  the 
line  courteously  waited  for  those  who  had  not, 
before  beginning  the  next.  All  opened  their 
mouths  to  the  fullest  stretch,  and  each  roared  as 
if  he  felt  that  beating  the  organ  depended  on  his 
individual  exertions.  The  organist  slipped  in  a 
few  notes  between  the  lines.  He  and  his  instru- 
ment were  out  of  place.  A  railway  whistle  or  a 
bagpipe  might  have  suited  such  a  choir,  and  have 
satisfied  the  tastes  and  consciences  of  those  who 
mistake  bare  walls  and  bad  psalmody  for  signs  of 
Protestantism.  H.  B.  C. 

U.  U.  Club. 


Basheit,  Baskett,  De  la  Beche  (2""  S.  i.  457.)  — 
It  is  possible  that  your  correspondent  may  find 
some  clue  to  the  origin  of  this  name  by  consult- 
ing Section  4.  of  the  Laws  of  Edward  the  Con- 
fessor, re-enacted  by  William  the  Conqueror.  On 
i-eferring  to  the  three  copies  of  these  laws,  as  given 
by  Selden  in  his  Notes  to  Eadmer  (including  the 
one  from  Ingulph's  Chronicle),  we  find  it  enacted 
that  an  offender  guilty  of  larceny  "  shall  restore 


the  chattel  for  which  he  was  arrested,  and  shall 
pay  twenty  solidi  for  his  head,  four  denarii  to  the 
keeper  of  the  prison  {al  ceper\  and  one  maille  or 
obolus,  pur  la  besche." 

It  seems  pretty  evident  that  the  last  words  bear 
reference  to  some  officer,  connected  with  the 
prison,  and  of  inferior  rank  to  le  ceper,  the  go- 
vernor of  the  prison,  and  this  too  in  England  in 
the  time  of  Edward  the  Confessor.  The  only 
question  is  what  the  nature  of  this  office  was,  and 
in  quest  of  this  information  I  have  consulted  Du 
Cange  and  other  authorities  in  vain.  Neither 
Selden  nor  Sir  F.  Palgrave  attempts  an  explana- 
tion. My  own  impression  is,  that  La  besche  was 
the  name  given  to  the  spade-man  of  the  prison,  or, 
in  other  words,  the  gardener,  who  would  have 
the  more  unpleasant  duty,  occasionally,  o( grave- 
digger  to  perform.  In  later  times  La  besche 
would  be  transformed  into  £>e  la  beche,  and  the 
name,  on  being  Latinized,  would  assume  the  form 
of  Baschatus,  whence  probably  the  present  names 
Bashett  and  Baskett. 

Perhaps  some  of  your  readers  will  kindly  favour 
me  with  their  opinion  as  to  the  office  meant  by 
La  besche.  Henry  T.  Hiley. 

Kemeys  Family  (2'^'^  S.  ii.  249.)  —  G.  S.  S.  may 
wish  to  learn  that  an  Edward  Kemeys  was  com- 
mander of  an  army  under  Dru  de  Baladun,  at  the 
conquest  of  Upper  Gwent ;  and  that  from  him  the 
still  existing  church  of  Kemeys,  in  Monmouth- 
shire, is  supposed  to  be  called  "  Kemeys  Com- 
mander." An  early  branch  of  the  same  family 
was  the  Martins,  Lords  of  Kemeys  in  1215,  at  the 
Castle  at  Newport  in  Pembrokeshire.  C.  G. 

Paddington. 

LepeWs  Regiment  (P'  S.  vii.  501.)  —The  fol- 
lowing extract  from  a  letter  of  the  famous  Sarah 
Jennings,  Duchess  of  Marlborough,  may  not 
prove  uninteresting  to  J.  K.  : 

"  What  I  am  going  to  say  I  am  sure  is  as  true  as  if  I 
had  been  a  transactor  in  it  iflyself,  and  I  will  begin  the 
relation  with  IVIr.  Lepell,  my  Lord  Fanny's  wife's  father, 
having  made  her  a  cornet  in  his  regiment  as  soon  as  she 
was  born  ;  and  she  was  i)aid  many  years  after  she  was  a 
Maid  of  Honour.  She  was  extreme  forward  and  pert,  and 
my  Lord  Sunderland  got  her  a  pension  from  George  I., 
it  being  too  ridiculous  to  continue  her  any  longer  an 
officer  in  the  army." 

The  lady  referred  to  was  the  celebrated  Mary 
Lepell,  daughter  of  Brigadier-General  Lepell. 
Her  husband  was  John  Lord  Hervey,  author  of 
the  Memoirs,  well  known  by  his  nickname  at 
Court  of  Lord  Fanny.  Buriensis. 

Bandalore  :  Robespierre  (2"'^  S.  ii.  350.)  —  If 
Mr.  Eiley  had  stated  the  date  of  the  "  almanack  " 
he  refers  to,  it  might  have  facilitated  the  solution 
of  his  question ;  but,  as  it  is,  I  think  I  may  venture 
to  say  that  Robespierre  no  more  invented  this  toy 
than  gunpowder,  and  I  regret  that  Mr.  Riley  has 


2nd  s.  N«  47.,  Nov.  22.  '56.3 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


417 


not  stated  where  lie  found  any  trace  of  an  idea 
that  seems  to  me  so  paradoxicaL  I  remember 
what  I  believe  to  have  been  the  first  appearance 
of  the  toy  about  1790,  or  a  year  or  two  later;  it 
was  then  called  a  quiz,  and  everybody  used  to  play 
with  it  everywhere,  even  while  walking  in  the 
streets ;  and  I  have  not  only  heard  but  read  that 
the  Duke  of  Wellington,  when  a  very  young 
officei-,  Avas  peculiarly  adroit  at  managing  it.  It 
was  long  after  that  I  heard  it  called  the  "  banda- 
lore,"  which  was,  I  think,  its  French  name.        C. 

"  Char  a  valeto.  Char  a  vale,  sed  non  aeternum  " 
(2""^  S.  ii.  289.)  —  Whence  this  line  ?  It  occurs 
not.  Bishop  Lowth's  epitaph  on  "  a  favourite 
daughter  who  died  young,"  runs  something  like  it : 

"  Cara,  vale,  ingenio  praestans,  pietate,  pudore, 
Et  plusquam  natse  nomine  cara,  vale. 
Cara  Maria  vale  !  at  veniet  felicius  aevum, 
Quando  iterum  tecum  sim,  modo  dignus  ero. 
Cara  redi,  Iseta  tum  dicam  voce,  paternos 
Eja  age  in  amplexus,  cara  Maria,  redi." 

But  a  nearer  similitude  will  be  found  in  an 
epitaph  on  a  monument  in  the  church  of  Bris- 
lington,  near  Bristol,  the  subject  of  which  is  a 
son,  who  died  early,  of  consumption  : 

"  Care  vale ;  sed  non  ajternum ;    care  valeto, 
Namque  iterum  tecum  sim,  modo  dignus  ero. 
Tum  nihil  amplexus  poterit  divellere  nostros : 
Nee  tu  marcesces,  nee  lachrymabov  ego." 

B. 

Archer,  the  English  Sirname  (2"*^  S.  ii.  350.)  — 
I  know  not  what  answer  can  be  made  to  J.  B.  S.'s 
question  as  to  this  "  English  szVname  "  (swrname), 
except  that  it  seems  to  be  of  the  same  class  as 
Bowman,  Speerman,  Gunner,  Baker,  Butcher, 
Sadler,  and  hundreds  of  others  derived  from 
trades  or  professions.  There  was  a  short-lived 
peerage  in  the  Worcestershire  family  of  the  name, 
created  in  1747,  and  extinct  with  the  second 
lord  in  1778,  s.  p.  m.  The  estates,  I  think,  passed 
into  the  Downshire  family.  C. 

Saguntum  Sword  Blades  (2"'>  S.  ii.  172.  356.)  — 
Sahagun  derives  its  name  and  its  celebrity  from 
Saint  Facundus  (a  Spanish  general),  who  was 
martyred  there,  Nov.  17, 140,  (some  say  139,  others 
180).  San  Facundo,  phacundo,  hacundo,  ha- 
gundo,  hagund,  hagun  —  Sanhagun,  Sahagun. 

K.  S.  Chaknock. 

I  have  often  wished  for  information  upon  this 
subject,  as  I  never  heard  of  any  manufactory  of 
sword  blades  at  this  place.  I  can,  however,  assure 
Cacadore  that  the  name  is  frequently  impressed 
on  blades.  One  in  my  collection  is  a  heavy  two- 
edged  broadsword,  with  a  perforated  shell.  The 
blade  is  impressed  with  a  fox  and  two  shields, 
both  surmounted  by  a  crown ;  one  on  each  side, 
close  to  the  tang.  On  one  is  a  capital  P,  the 
other  bears  the  arms  of  Amsterdam.     The  legend 


reads  :  •'.•  sahagom  •[•  It  is  the  style  of  weapon 
usually  placed  in  the  hand  of  Peter  the  Great  in 
his  portraits.  I  have  another  example  as  well :  — 
a  cut  and  thrust  walking  rapier,  with  flamboy- 
ant blade  and  brass  hilt,  about  the  time  of  Wil- 
liam  and  Mary.      The  inscription  on  this  is  — 

'!•   8, A. 11. a. G. v. M  '!• 

I   fancy  few  collections   of  arms  are  v?ithout 

examples.  The    blades    generally   appear   very 

good.  W.  J.  Bernhakd  Smith. 

Temple. 

Aneroid  (2"'^  S.  ii.  337.)  —  The  more  probable 
derivation  of  this  word  is  d  and  v-npbs,  humidus, 
(see  Liddell  and  Scott)  whence  Nereus,  and  the 
modern  Greek  vephs.  Vacuum. 

It  seems  a  pity  that  any  of  your  correspondents 
(however  learned)  should  continue  to  send  you 
what  "  they  believe  "  to  be  the  etymology  of  this 
word,  as  the  question  is  much  more  historical 
than  philological.  Probably  all  persons  agree  in 
considering  the  word  to  be  a  faulty  and  barbarous 
one,  to  which  the  ordinary  rules  of  etymology  do 
not  apply  ;  and  therefore  the  only  way  of  arriving 
at  the  real  derivation  is  to  see  the  meaning  which 
the  inventor  himself  wished  the  word  to  bear.  I 
would  therefore  again  inquire,  1.  Where  the  word 
is  first  used?  2.  Who  is  the  inventor  of  it?  and 
3.  What  is  the  derivation  given  by  the  inventor 
himself?  M.  D. 

Ministers  of  St.  James',  Clerlienwell  (2"''  S.  ii. 
309.)  —  In  my  interleaved  copy  of  Pennant,  the 
required  names  are  thus  given : 

"Dewel  Peed,  elected  1G91,  died  1725-6. 
Charles  Lee,  died  1743,  succeeded  by  Gilbert  Burnet. 
174G,  John  Doughty. 
William  Sellon,  1757,  died  1790." 

Edward  F.  Rimbault. 

"Radchenister"  or  "Rodman''  (2"-^  S.  ii.  353.) 
—  This  word  signifying,  according  to  Ducange, 
liber  homo,  may  find  its  derivation  partly  from  the 
Celtic.  In  Welsh  Rhdd  signifies  free,  which, 
added  to  the  Saxon  man  or  kin,  would  give  the 
above  -ivords. 

It  is  probable  that  in  like  manner  the  con-elative 
term  soc-man  is  formed  from  the  Celtic  swch,  a 
ploughshare  ;  and  that  the  Latin  soca,  and  French 
soc,  a  plough,  have  a  common  origin  in  the  older 
Celtic. 

The  terms  radman,  or  radkin,  and  socman,  were 
probably  first  applied  to  different  classes  of  the 
Celtic  population  of  Britain  by  their  native  name, 
and  thus  gradually  crept  into  the  phraseology  of 
feudal  law.  Eden  Warwick. 

Birmingham. 

Spelman,  in  his  Glossarium  Archaiologicum, 
notices  this  office  under  the  heads  "  Radenites," 


418 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  47.,  Nov.  22.  '56. 


*'  Radechenistres,"  and  "  Rodknigbtes."      Under 
the  last  head  he  explains  the  office  thus  : 

"  Vassalli  sen  clientes  erant  equestres,  qui  equitantem 
dominum  suum,  vel  uxorem  ejus,  ex  more  inter  eos  pacto 
subsequuti  sunt ;  et  quasi  satellitio  suo  cingebant,"  &c. 

The  whole  of  Spelman's  notices  would  be  too  long 
for  insertion.  Louisa  Julia  Norman. 

Horse-Racing  on  the  Cotswolds,  Gloucestershire 
(2"''  S.  ii.  352.)  —  The  first  mention  I  find  of 
races  on  these  hills  is  in  the  London  Gazette  of 
Monday,  May  7,  1677,  wherein  it  is  stated  that  a 
plate  would  be  run  for  at  Cerney  Downs,  within 
two  miles  of  Cirencester;  and  about  five  years 
after^  viz.  Thursday,  April  27,  1682,  the  London 
Gazette  announces  that  a  plate  (a  40Z.  plate) 
would  be  run  for  on  Cirencester  Downs  on 
May  24th,  being  Holy  Thursday  Eve, — the  riders 
to  be  gentlemen  weighing  fourteen  stone. 

Respecting  races  at  Tetbury,  I  cannot  satisfy 
the  Query  of  your  correspondent ;  but  I  find  by 
the  Public  Advertiser  of  Aug.  20,  1755,  that  at  the 
meeting  there,  on  the  7th  of  that  month,  the  501. 
plate  was  won  by  Lord  Chedworth's  bay  horse, 
Foxhunter.  I  believe  these  races  wei'e  discon- 
tinued about  the  close  of  the  last  century,  and 
were  superseded  by  the  celebrated  races  at  Kings- 
cote  Park,  the  seat  of  the  late  Robert  Kingscote, 
Esq.  Bibury  races,  on  the  same  hills,  where 
there  were  only  gentlemen-riders,  and  which  were 
most  fashionably  attended,  also  helped  with 
Kingscote  to  render  Tetbury  races  unnecessary. 

X 

Writers  bribed  to  Silence  (2"'^  S.  i.  471.;  ii. 
18.)  —  Among  these  writers,  if  report  says  true, 
we  may  include  Dr.  Wolcott,  alias  "  Peter  Pin- 
dar," who  had  a  pension  given  him,  it  is  said,  on 
condition  that  he  should  write  no  more  in  abuse 
of  the  king,  George  III.  Henry  T.  Riley. 

Meaning  of  Lecherstone  (2"^  S.  ii.  290.)  —  Mr. 
Warwick  does  not  seem  to  be  aware  that  In  the 
(Sco^o-Celtic  dialect  the  word  bdine,  or  vden,  means 
white,  as  in  Donald  baine.  Fair  Donald,  King  Dun- 
can's younger  son  (b  and  v  are  used  indiscrimin- 
ately), and  moine-vden  means  the  white  moss,  a 
place  in  AthoU  forest,  where,  under  the  peat,  is  a 
pure  white  sand.  I  therefore  conceive  that  a 
"  tautological  etymology  "  is  out  of  the  question, 
and  that  Llech-vaen  means  the  white  stone  or 
slab,  and  that,  in  contradistinction  to  red  stones, 
of  which  there  are  many,  such  as  that  large  one  at 
Rudston,  in  the  East  Riding  of  Yorkshire,  from 
which  stone  the  place  evidently  takes  its  name. 
It  is  not  called  Llech,  as  it  is  an  upright  long,  and 
not  a  flat  stone.  Clach  is  the  ordinary  word  in 
the  Scoto-Celtic  for  a  stone  in  general  —  carrig  or 
craig  for  a  rock.  Llech  means,  as  is  stated,  "  a 
flat  stone  or  tablet,"  —  also  a  slab  and  a  slate. 
How  much  of  the  etymology  of  leckerstones  may 


be  due  to  the  flat  stone,  and  how  much  to  the 
corpse  laid  upon  it,  it  seems  difficult  to  determine. 

J.  S.  s. 

Notes  on  Regiments  (2""^  S.  ii.  35,  &c.)  —The 
uniform  of  the  50th  Regiment  was  red  faced  with 
black  and  silver  lace,  which  sombre  colours  or 
bad  assortment  gave  the  regiment  at  all  times  an 
uncleanly  appearance,  whence  it  had  been  deno- 
minated the  Dirty  Half  Hundred ;  but  ever  after 
the  glorious  charge  led  on  by  Col.  Walker  at 
Vimiero,  in  its  place  stands  the  Gallant  50th. — 
See  Landman's  Recollections,  ch.  xiii. 

The  29th  Regiment  was  the  last  in  the  Penin- 
sular army  to  retain  the  queue.  —  lb.  ch.  v. 

When  the  Duke  of  York  was  appointed  Com- 
mander-in-chief, one  of  his  first  orders  was,  that 
all  officers  should  join  their  respective  regiments 
within  six  months  after  beiftg  gazetted.  This 
measure  put  an  end  to  the  purchase  of  commis- 
sions for  children  as  a  good  investment  of  money. 
—  lb.  c.  iii. 

The  "  Cumberland  Cap  "  was  worn  so  lately  as 
1785,  when  Mr.  A.  Stephen  saw  it  in  use  at  Ayls- 
ham.  —  Gent.  Mag.,  Dec.  1845. 

I  give  references  for  my  present  notes  ;  the 
former  memoranda  which  I  communicated  were 
gathered  in  conversation  from  military  friends.  I 
state  this,  as  I  was  acquainted  long  since  with  the 
works  to  which  "  Miles  "  and  other  correspon- 
dents refer  me,  for  what  they  consider  better  in- 
formation. Mackenzie  Walcott,  M.A. 

Colonel  Cleland  (2"'^  S.  ii.  351.)  — Mr.  Rilev, 
by  the  heading  of  his  notice  of  the  Memoirs  of  a 
Woman  of  Pleasure,  would  seem  to  intimate  that 
it  was  written  by  Colonel  Cleland.  Tlie  real 
writer  of  this  infamous  publication  —  still,  I  am 
sorry  to  say,  exhibited  in  the  windows  of  Holy- 
well Street  —  was  John  Cleland,  a  son  of  the 
friend  and  correspondent  of  Pope.  A  short  notice 
of  Cleland's  Works  may  be  seen  in  John  Nichols's 
Anecdotes  of  Bowijer,  4to.,  1782,  p.  366. 

Edward  F.  Rimbaui>t. 

Some  of  your  correspondents  seem  interested  in 
the  history  of  John  Cleland.  An  accidental  coin- 
cidence, in  an  article  printed  almost  parallel  to 
Mr.  Riley's  remarks  (p.  351.),  reminds  me  that 
in  Sir  W.  Hamilton's  review  of  "  Thomson's  life 
of  Dr.  W.  Cullen,"  (to  be  found  in  the  volume  of 
Sir  W.  Hamilton's  reprinted  works  on  Philosophy, 
^-c.)  there  is  some  notice  of  a  relationship  between 
the  Doctor  and  Mr.  Cleland,  the  "  Will.  Honey- 
comb"  of  the  Spectator ;  and  also  of  a  Capt.  Cle- 
land, another  relation.  I  do  not  know  whether 
this  Avill  be  of  any  value  to  Mu.  Riley  ;  but  at 
all  events,  I  thought  it  might  be  worth  while  in- 
troducing it  to  his  notice,  on  the  chance.  "  Cle- 
land," I  suppose,  is  a  corruption  of  "Cleveland." 

K.  E.  P. 


2nd  s,  N"  47„  Nov.  22.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


419 


Symhols  of  Saints  (2"'i  S.  li.  288.  339.)— It  lias 
occurred  to  me,  since  my  communication,  at  the 
page  last  quoted,  that  the  figure  in  question  may 
have  been  intended  for  St.  Mary  Magdalen  of 
Pazzis.  I  have  an  engraving  of  that  saint,  where 
she  appears  in  her  religious  habit,  and  presses  a 
cross  to  her  breast,  but  it  is  quite  plain.  She  is 
also  crowned  with  thorns,  and  is  adoring  before 
the  Blessed  Sacrament,  from  which  rays  of  light 
are  darting  upon  her.  F.  C.  H. 

lllusti-ations  of  the  Simplon  (2""^  S.  ii.  336.) — I  am 
anxious  to  correct  an  erroneous  description  of  the 
order  of  the  plates  illustrating  the  pass  of  Mount 
Simplon.  The  engravings,  I  should  have  said, 
begin  with  the  town  of  Brigg,  soon  after  the  com- 
mencement of  Napoleon's  grand  road,  and  they 
end  with  the  beautiful  and  picturesque  town  of 
Sesta  Calende  at  the  end  of  the  Lake  Major,  and 
a  short  distance  from  the  termination  of  the  grand 
road,  which  begins  at  Leuk,  and  ends  near 
Somma,  being  about  120  miles  in  its  whole  length. 

F.  C.  H. 

Scotch  Darien  Company  and  Equivalent  Com- 
pany (2°'*  S.  ii.  330.)  —  There  is  an  article  in 
vol.  i.  of  the  Retrospective  Review^  published  by 
Kussell  Smith  in  1853,  on  "  The  Scottish  Colony 
of  Darien,  1698 — 1700,"  where  your  correspon- 
dent X.  Y.  Z.  will  find  some  interesting  informa- 
tion, and  references  to  many  authorities. 

K.  P.  D.  E. 

X.  Y.  Z.  will  probably  meet  with  some  of  the 
information  he  desires  in  the  late  Eliot  Warbur- 
ton's  Darien.  J.  Eastwood. 

"  The  right  men  in  the  right  places "  (2"**  S.  i. 
294.  310.  401. ;  ii.  317.)— It  seems  to  be  unknown 
to  the  writers  on  this  subject,  that  the  origin 
was  clearly  explained  some  time  ago  by  Punch, 
who  occasionally  assumes  a  graver  tone.  He  gave 
an  extract  from  the  writings  of  Bishop  Berkeley, 
in  nearly  these  words  : 

"  The  world  is  like  a  board  with  holes  in  it,  and  the 
Fquare  men  have  got  into  the  round  holes,  and  the  round 
into  tlie  square." 

An  ingenious  game  suggested  hereby  has  just 
been  brought  out  by  Mr.  Myers  of  Leadenhall 
Street,  with  the  above  attractive  title.  C.  T. 

Jumhols  (2°'^  S.  ii.  262.)  —It  is  perfectly  easy  to 
make  jumbols  from  the  receipt  here  given  :  — 
They  are  an  almond  paste,  a  good  deal  like  that 
put  on  the  top  of  bride-cake  ;  but  rolled  into 
strings,  knotted,  baked,  and  iced.  I  intend  to 
make  some  ;  and  if  they  turn  out  well,  a  sample 
shall  be  sent  to  Mr.  Bruce.  A  Lady. 

Boiling  Mineral  Waters  at  Buda  and  elsewhere 
(2""  S.  ii.  218.  338.)  — It  is  just  possible  that 
Baiae,  near  Naples,  is  the  place  meant,  and  not 


Buda.  Pliny  the  Elder  says  (b.  xxxi.  c.  2.)  that 
the  Posidlan  springs  at  Baiae  "  are  so  hot  as  to 
boil  articles  of  food  even."  He  also  speaks,  in 
the  same  chapter,  of  hot  and  cold  springs  "se- 
parated by  only  the  very  smallest  distance,"  and 
gives  the  Pyrenees  as  their  locality.  The  springs 
of  Aigues-Chaudes,  in  the  Basses-Pyrenees,  vary 
considerably  in  temperature,  some  of  them  being 
sufficiently  hot  to  admit  of  cooking  food.  Others 
of  a  similar  nature,  in  that  locality,  are  known  as 
the  springs  of  Cambo,  Bagneres,  Bareges,  and 
Cauterets.  Henry  T.  Riley. 

"  Kalends  "  or  "  Calends  "  at  Bromyard  (2"^  S. 
ii.  110.)  —  A  part,  of  the  close  or  "  churchyard  " 
of  Rouen  Cathedral  is  called  the  Calende.  The 
entrance  to  the  south  transept  is  known,  for  dis- 
tinction's sake,  as  "  le  portail  de  la  Calende."  Let 
me  remind  Mr.  Pattison  that  the  French  word 
Calendes  is  defined  by  Boyer  as  "  assemblee  de 
cures  de  campagne  "  —  "a  convocation  of  country 
parsons;"  or  what  the  profanum  vidgus  of  a 
market  town  sometimes  call  "  Rook  Fair."  It  is 
not,  therefore,  a  matter  of  surprise  that  the  ap- 
proach to  any  considerable  church,  where  period- 
ical visitations  of  the  clergy  are  held,  should  be 
thus  designated.  I  have  not  Ducange  at  hand, 
but  I  have  no  doubt  he  would  help  us  in  this  case. 
Mark  Antony  Lower. 
Lewes. 

Ouzel  Galley,  SfC.  (2"-^  S.  ii.  315.)  —  The  repl^ 
of  P.  B.  respecting  the  derivation  of  Ringsend  is 
just  what  I  wanted.  May  I  ask  him  for  similar 
information  respecting  the  Ouzel  Galley,  Pigeon 
House,  &c.,  not  only  for  myself,  but  for  other 
readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  who  take  an  interest  in  the 
antiquities  of  Dublin  ?  Abhua. 

Human  Skin  Tanned  (2""^  S.  ii.  250.)  —  Some 
twenty  years  ago  there  was  in  the  library  of 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  a  piece  of  tanned 
human  skin,  about  the  size  of  the  hand.  It  was 
of  a  very  light  brown  colour,  and  somewhat  re- 
sembled Russia  leather,  in  the  green.  It  had 
formed  part  of  a  murderer  who  was  executed,  of 
the  name  of  "  Weems,"  I  believe. 

Henry  T.  Riley. 

Eggs  in  Heraldry :  Arms  of  Butler  (2°''  S.  ii. 
353.)  —  Weever,  as  quoted  by  Morant,  in  History 
of  Essex,  says  these  were  the  arms  of  Botiller, 
sable,  three  covered  cups,  in  a  window  in  the 
church  of  Shopland  in  Essex.  No  arms  are  now 
there ;  the  windows  have  been  too  much  church- 
wardenised  for  that.  Was  this  a  branch  of  the 
Butlers,  Earls  of  Ormond,  who  had  large  posses- 
sions in  the  neighbourhood,  but  different  arms  on 
Rochford  Church  tower,  said  to  have  been  built  by 
an  Earl  of  Ormond,  in  Henry  VII.'s  reign  ?  It 
is  a  very  fine  specimen  of  brickwork. 

A.  Holt  White. 


420 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  47.,  Xov.  22.  '56. 


The  Sunken  Organ  (1"  S.  vii.  128.  200.  328. 
391.  413.  512.)  —  In  a  review  of  Ferdinand  Btiss- 
ler's  Sagen  aus  alien  des  Vaterlands,  which  occurs 
in  the  Athenceum  of  September  6,  1856,  is  a  legend 
concerning  a  submerged  organ,  strikingly  similar 
to  many  stories  existing  in  these  kingdoms.  In 
Britain,  however,  it  is  always  bells  that  are  buried 
or  "sunken"  in  the  sea.  Many  of  these  legends 
have  happily  been  printed  and  indexed  in  "  N. 
&  Q."  :  — 

"  About  an  Iionr's  journej'  from  Alberssweiler,  and  in  a 
beautiful  valley,  lies  the  village  of  Eussertlial,  ■which 
takes  its  name  from  a  convent  that  was  once  celebrated, 
but  has  now  completely  disappeared.  The  choir  of  the 
convent  church  is,  however,  still  left,  and  is  used  as  a  place 
of  worship.  All  sorts  of  things  are  said  in  the  village 
about  the  enormous  wealth  of  the  convent;  especially 
about  a  certain  golden  organ,  that  once  stood  in  the 
church,  and  was  played  during  divine  service.  When 
the  convent  on  one  occasion  was  attacked  by  enemies,  the 
first  care  of  the  monks  was  to  secure  this  treasure.  They 
dragged  it  to  a  marsh,  which  was  formerly  ia  the  valley, 
and  sank  it  as  deep  as  they  could.  However,  they  had 
saved  their  treasure  to  no  purpose,  inasmuch  as  they  were 
compelled  to  fly,  and  died  in  distant  parts,  while  the 
convent  fell  to  ruin.  Ever3^  one  is  perfectly  aware  that 
the  organ  is  still  somewhere  in  the  neighbourhood  of  the 
church,  but  the  precise  spot  where  it  lies  is  utterlj' un- 
known. Xevertheless,  everj'  seven  years  it  rises  out  of 
the  depths  at  midnight,  and  its  sublime  tones  are  heard 
in  the  far  distance.  Nothing  is  at  all  comparable  to  the 
gentle  breathings  of  the  golden  pipes  in  the  open  air 
during  the  solemn  stillness  of  the  night.  Soon  the  soft 
tones  swell  into  mighty  billov/s  of  sound,  which  rush 
through  the  narrow  valley  until  the  noise  again  subsides, 
and  ends  with  a  light  echo  in  the  forest.  But  no  one  has 
ventured  to  obtain  a  sight  of  the  organist  who  holds  the 
music  in  his  power,  and  thus  the  discovery  of  the  trea- 
sure is  reserved  for  the  future." 

K.  P.  D.  E. 

Gower    Queries   (2"i  S.   ii.  327.)  —  Will  Mr. 

Daldy  accept  the  following  "guesses  at  truth?" 

1 .  Lenger  the  lasse,  linger  the  less :  — 

"  That  lasse  lust  hath  to  that  sory  play." 

Chaucer,  Slupmannes  Tale, 

2.  Ligh,  lay  :  — 

"  Lay  on,  Macduff,"  &c.  —  Ilacbeth. 

3.  Marrement,  marrow-bones. 

5.  At  mannes  eye^  to  all  appearance,  as  far  as 
man  could  judge. 

C.   Coise,  coystril. 

7.  Doaire,  dowry. 

11.  Topsailcole,  topsiiWyard,  or  must.  Cf.,  Cole- 
staff,  strongpole.    (Nares's  Glossary.) 

J.  Eastwood. 

Eckington. 

Order  of  St.  Michael  in  France  (2°^  S.  ii.  229.) 
—  Your  correspondent  J.  G.  N.  v/ill  find  a  short 
account  of  this  order  of  knighthood  in  Carter's 
Heraldry.  That  author  refers  to  Favin,  1.  iii. 
p.  372.  See  also  Selden,  part  li.  c.  iii.  fol.  552. 
The  order  is  said  to  have  been  created  by  Louis  XL 
at  Amboise   in   1469,    "  upon  the  occasion  of  a 


vision  (as  their  historians  relate)  of  the  Arch- 
angel's appearance  on  Orleans  Bridge  as  their 
Tutelar  (^sic)  against  the  English."  J.  C.  H. 


^tSceTTancati^. 
BOOKS    AND     ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    PURCHASE. 

Nkwman's  Parocriai.  Sermons.    6  Vols. 

Any  of  the  other  vols,  of  Sermons. 


Plain  Sermons*    6  Vols. 

«*»  Letters,  statins  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carrtaga  free,  to  he 
sent  to  Messrs.  Bull  &  Daidy,  Publishers  of  "JSIOTES  AND 
QUERIES,"  186.  Fleet  Street. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  wliose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose  : 

The  Poetical  Preceptor.    By  Joseph  Fitch.    N.  D. 

EioHT    Sermons    on    the    Lord's    Pravek.     By  Rev.  T.  J.  Rowsell. 

Pigott.     1841. 
The  Rival  Mothers.    Translated  from  the  French  of  Madame  do  Gen- 

lis.    Longman.    1800.     Vol.  IV. 
Hone's  Everv  Day  Book  and  Table  Book.    Tegg.     1835.    Parts  6,  ?. 

12,  13,  11,  16.  16.  19.22,23,24,25,26,27.36,37. 
IIone's  Year  Bo'k.    Tegg.    Parts  8, 9.  11.  13. 

Wanted  by  R.  W.  Ilackwood,  16.  Cottage  Grove,  Mile  End  Road. 

The    Novels    of    Daniel    Defoe.    12mo.      Boards.    Edinburgh,  1810. 

Vol.  VI.,  containing  Vol.  I.  of  Colonel  Jacic.    Vol.11.,  containing 

Vol.  II.  of  Voyage  Round  the  World. 
Fieldino's  Works.    12  Vols.    12mo.    Boards.    London,  1824.    Vol.  XII. 
Rev.  R.  Cecil's  Works.    3  Vols.    8vo.    Second  edition.    London,  1830. 

Vol.  I. 
Wilson's  Evidences  op  Christianitv.    8vo.    London,  1830.    Vol.1. 
Sussex  Arch.«ological  Collection.    A^ol.  III. 
Horsfield's  Histohv  of  Sussex.     Vol.  I. 
Bewick's  British  Birds.    8vo.    Vol.  I.    1832. 
KiRDV  AND  Spence's  Entomolooy.    Vols.  III.  &  IV.    8vo. 
Tracts  FOR  THE  Times.    Part  89. 

Wanted  by  C.  lliwUcij,  41.  North  Street,  Brighton. 


Coxe's  Ballads.    J.  H.  Parker. 

Horticultural  Society's  Fruit  and  Flower  Catalogues. 

Burke's  Landed  Gentry,    Latest  complete  edition. 

Wanted  by  Charles  F.  Blackburn.,  Bookseller,  Leamington. 


Owing  to  an  accident  we  have  been  compelled  to  omit  our  Notes  ' 
Books  for  the  present  week. 


Professor  De  Moroan  vnll  he  obliged  both  to  Mr.  Aspland  and  T.  C. 
S.  (ant^,  pp.  590-91.)  for  the  loans  they  offer.  If  sent  to  us  tlic  books  shall 
befonvarded  to  the  Professor. 

C.  M.  Inoleby  (.Birmingham).  Dr.  Bell's  Shakspeare's  Puck  and  his 
Folk  Lore  if  noticed  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  1st  S.  vi.  329.,  and  was  advertited  in 
this  Journal  abont  that  time.  It  was  published,  tve  believe,  by  Dr.  Bell 
himself,  but  could  doubtless  be  procured  from  Mr.  RusseU  Smith. 

W.  F.  The  best  book  on  Copyrights  is  by  Ii.  Godson,  with  Supplement 
by  P.  Burke. 

B.  Inolis.  In  1688-9,  Thomas  Otway  was  Bishop  of  Ossory,  and 
Hugh  Gore,  Bisliop  of  Waterford  and  Lismore. 

Replies  to  other  Correspondents  in  our  next. 

Errata.  —  2nd  S.  ii.  398.  col.  2. 1.  ?•,  for  "  Cunegarda  "  read  "  Cune- 
gonde  ;  "  1.  10.,/o?'  "  are  beneath  "  read  "is  beneath." 

"  Notes  AND  Queries  "  is  publiihed  at  noon  on  Friday,  so  that  the 
Country  Booksellers  may  receive  Copies  in  that  nighVs  parcels,  and 
deliver  them  to  their  Subscribers  on  the  Saturday. 

Index  to  the  First  Series.  As  this  is  now  published,  and  the  im- 
pression is  a  limited  one,  such  of  our  readers  as  desire  copies  vmvld  do 
well  to  intimate  their  tvish  to  their  respective  booksellers  without  delay. 
Our  publishers,  Messrs.  Bell  &  T)/lldv,  will  forward  copies  by  post  on 
receipt  of  a  Post  Office  Order  fur  Five  Shillings. 

"  Notes  and  Queries  "  is  also  issued  in  Monthlj;  Parts,  for  the  con- 
venience  of  those  who  may  either  have  a  difficulty  in  procurinp  the  un- 
stamped weekly  Numbers,  or  prefer  receiving  it  monthly.  While  jtarties 
resident  in  the  country  or  abroad,  who  may  be  desirous  of  receiving  the 
vtcekly  Numbers,  may  have  stamped  copies  forwarded  direct  from  the 
Publisher.  The  subscription  for  the  stamped  edition  of  "Notes  and 
Queries"  (.including  a  very  copious  Index)  is  eleven  shillinas  and  four- 
pence  for  six  months,  which  mail  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order,  drawn  in 
favour  ofiht  Publisher,  Mr.  Georok  Bell,  No.  186.  Fleet  Street. 


2nd  s.  NO  48.,  Nov.  29.  '56.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


421 


LONDON.  SATURDAY,  NOVEMBER  29. 1856. 


STRAY    NOTES   ON   EDMUND    CURLL,    HIS   LIFE,    AND 
PUBLICATIONS. 

No.  6.  —  CurWs  Controversy  with  Mist,  SfC. 

Among  the  number  of  books  issued  by  Curll 
between  the  years  1709  and  1718,  there  were  some 
which  no  respectable  bookseller  of  the  present 
day  would  have  anything  to  do  with.  Spades 
were  in  those  days  called  spades ;  and  we  cannot 
better  prove  this  than  by  stating  that  when  a 
writer  in  one  of  the  papers  of  the  time  undertook 
to  call  attention  to  these  objectionable  publica- 
tions, he  himself  indulged  in  such  plain-spoken 
language,  that  it  cannot  with  propriety  be  trans- 
ferred to  the  columns  of  "  N.  &  Q." 

In  the  Weekly  Journal,  or  Saturday  Post,  of 
April  5,  1718,  a  paper  published  by  Mist,  and 
afterwards  known  as  Misfs  Journal,  there  appears 
a  strong  denunciation  of  some  of  Curll's  publica- 
tions. After  a  passage  which  is  better  left  where 
it  is,  on  the  "  sin  of  Curlicism,"  the  writer  pro- 
ceeds : 

"  There  is  indeed  but  one  bookseller  eminent  among  us 
for  this  abomination,  and  from  him  the  crime  takes  the 
just  denomination  of  Curlicism.  The  fellow  is  a  con- 
temptible wretch  a  thousand  ways :  he  is  odious  in  his 
person,  scandalous  in  his  fame ;  he  is  marked  by  Nature, 
for  he  has  a  bawdy  countenance,  and  a  debauched  mien ; 
his  tongue  is  an  echo  of  all  the  beastly  language  his  shop 
is  filled  with,  and  filthiness  drivels  in  the  very  tone  of  his 
voice. 

"  But  what  is  the  meaning  that  this  manufacturer  of 

is  permitted  in  a  civilised  nation  to  go  unpunished, 

and  that  the  abominable  Catalogue  is  unsuppressed,  in  a 
country  where  religion  is  talked  of  (little  more,  God 
knows !),  whose  government  is  formed  by  wholesome  laws, 
where  kings  obstruct  not  the  execution  of  the  law ;  where 
justice  may,  if  duly  prompted,  take  hold  of  him  :  I  say. 
Mist,  what  can  be  the  reason  such  a  criminal  goes  un- 
punished? How  can  our  Stamp  office  take  twelve  pence 
a  piece  for  the  advertisement  of  his  infamous  books,  pub- 
lishing the  continued  increase  of  lewd  abominable  pieces 
of  bawdry,  such  as  none  can  read  even  in  miniature,  for 
such  an  Advertisement  is  to  a  book.  How  can  these  re- 
frain informing  the  government  what  mines  are  laid  to 
blow  up  morality,  even  from  its  very  foundation,  and  to 
sap  the  basis  of  all  good  manners,  nay,  and  in  the  end,  of 
religion  itself. 

"  Where  sleep  the  watchmen  of  Israel,  that  not  one 
divine  of  the  Church  of  England  —  not  one  teacher  among 
the  dissenters — has  touched  this  crying  curse  ?  O  Bangor ! 
O  Bradbury  I  how  much  better  had  the  kingdom  of  Christ 
been  established,  had  you  attacked  the  agents  of  hell 
that  propagate  the  kingdom  of  the  devil,  instead  of  snarl- 
ing about  who  are,  or  who  are  not,  vested  with  effectual 
power  to  act  this  way  or  that  waj'  in  the  Church,  or  in 
the  State  ?  How  much  more  like  '  preachers  of  righteous- 
ness '  had  ye  appeared,  if,  as  far  as  became  you,  ye  had 
laboured  to  establish  our  youth  in  virtue  and  piety,  and 
so  suppressed  the  spreading  abominable-  vices  by  the 
agency  of  the  printing-press ! 

"  In  a  word,  Mist,  record  it  for  posterity  to  wonder  at, 
that  in  four  years  past  of  the  blessed  days  we  live  in,  and 


wherein  justice  and  liberty  are  flourishing  and  established, 
more  beastly  unsufFerable  books  have  been  published  by 
this  one  offender,  than  in  thirty  years  before  by  all  the 
nation ;  and  not  a  man,  clergyman  or  other,  has  yet 
thought  it  worth  his  while  to  demand  justice  of  the  go- 
vernment against  the  crime  of  it,  or  so  much  as  to  caution 
the  age  against  the  mischief  of  it. 

"  Publish  this,  Mist,  as  you  value  your  promise,  and 
remember  you'll  be  honoured  with  having  put  the  first 
hand  to  correct  a  crime  which  begins  to  make  us  scanda- 
lous to  our  neighbours,  and,  in  time,  if  not  prevented,  will 
make  us  detestable  among  all  the  Christian  nations  of 
Europe. 

"Your  friend, 

«  H." 

Curll  was  not  the  man  to  remain  silent  under 
such  an  attack.  He  replied  by  a  pamphlet  en- 
titled Curlicism  Displayed,  or  an  Appeal  to  the 
Church.  Being  just  Observations  upon  some  Books 
published  by  Mr.  Curll.  In  a  Letter  to  Mr.  Mist. 
London  :  Printed  in  the  Year  MDCCXViii.  Price 
Six  Pence ;  and  thus  commences  his  defence : 

«  Mr.  Mist, 
"  Your  Journal  is  now  become  the  Oracle  of  a  discon- 
tented Party  whose  fruitless  Schemes  and  many  disap- 
pointments make  them  kick  against  the  pricks,  and  who 
like  the  deluded  Multitude  of  Old  had  rather  consult  the 
Devil  than  not  hear  some  Responses  in  favour  of  their 
wandering  (pretended)  Monarch : 

•  Restless  he  rolls  about  from  place  to  place. 
But  will  not  look  an  Army  in  the  face.' 

Your  superannuated  Letter  Writer  was  never  more  out 
than  when  he  asserted  that  Curlicism  was  but  of  four 
years'  standing.  Poor  Wretch !  he  is  but  a  mere  novice  in 
(Chronology,  and  I  do  sincerely  assure  3'ou,  Mr.  Mist,  that 
Curlicism  (since  it  must  be  so  called)  dates  its  original 
from  that  ever  memorable  ^ra  of  the  reign  of  the  first 
Monarch  of  the  Stuartine  Race."  —  Pp.  1,  2. 

He  then  proceeds  to  defend  several  of  his  pub- 
lications, with  the  titles  of  which  we  will  not  sully 
our  columns ;  and  specifies  at  considerable  length 
their  nature,  and  the  sources  from  which  they 
had  been  derived.  But  our  readers  may  judge 
of  the  style  in  which  he  does  this,  when  we  tell 
them  that,  according  to  the  writer,  — 

"  The  first  piece  of  Curlicism  that  appeared  was  that  re- 
markable Tryal  between  Robert  Earl  of  Essex  and  the 
Lady  Frances  Howard,  who,  after  eight  years'  marriage, 
commenced  a  suit  against  him  for  impotency." 

After  defending,  one  by  one,  the  works  which 
the  writer  in  MisCs  Journal  had  attacked,  and 
very  justly  so,  if  political  or  commercial  jealousy 
had  no  share  in  the  transaction,  Curll  concludes 
his  letter  as  follows.  We  give  the  passage  at 
length,  because  we  believe  the  pamphlet  to  be  one 
which  is  very  rarely  to  be  met  with. 

"  Thus,  Mr.  Mist,  I  have  impartially  laid  before  j'ou 
and  the  world  a  full  account  of  the  books  I  have  printed, 
which  give  your  religion  mongers  so  much  uneasiness.  I 
shall,  in  the  next  place,  reduce  all  their  trifling  objections 
under  four  heads,  and  prove  them  false  in  every  particular. 

"  1.  The  first  charge  against  me  is,  '  That  I  am  the  in- 
ventor and  introducer  of  a  set  of  books  into  the  world 


422 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"d  S.  No  48.,  Nov.  29.  '56. 


upon  such  subjects  as  were  never  before  known  to  be 
brought  under  the  pen.' 

"  2.  '  That  no  nation  would  permit  the  publication  of 
such  books  but  our  own.' 

"  As  to  the  first  of  these  calumnies,  I  think  I  stand 
pretty  clear,  by  the  concurrent  testimonies  of  the  canon- 
ists and  civilians,  from  the  original  institution  of  the  law 
of  nature  and  nations.  And  as  to  the  latter,  whenever 
any  of  these  points  have  been  debated  in  our  own  king- 
dom, the  main  support  of  the  charge,  as  well  as  the  judg- 
ment given,  have  been  wholly  confirmed  by  precedents 
cited  from  the  ecclesiastical  institutions,  and  the  authority 
of  the  Fathers  themselves. 

"3.  The  other  articles  of  the  charge  against  me,  are, 
'  That  these  books  would  not  have  been  suffered  to  be 
printed  four  years  ago ; '  when  (if  we  ma}'  believe  your 
old  gentleman)  none  but  persons  of  exemplary  piety  and 
virtue,  such  as  the  Ormonds,  the  Marrs,  the  Bolinsbrokes, 
&c.,  and  their  agents  the  Swifts,  the  Oldisworths,  the 
Sacheverells,  &c.,  shared  the  royal  favour,  and  defended 
that  Church  which  has  of  late  been  so  much  in  danger. 

"4.  And  lastly,  '  That  these  books  are  now  printed  by 
the  connivance  of  the  present  government.' 

"  To  which  it  is  suflacient  to  answer,  '  That  the  five 
volumes  of  llie  Cases  of  Impotency  and  Divorce  were  all 
printed  in  the  reign  of  her  late  so  pious  Majesty;  and 
that  these  books,  which  have  given  such  grievous  offence, 
were  so  far  from  appearing  in  public,  by  the  connivance 
of  this,  or  indeed  any  former  government,  that  most  of 
them  were  published  by  the  immediate  command  and 
authority  of  the  government  itself. 

"  And  now,  Mr.  Mist,  having  made  good  my  promise, 
and  refuted  every  particular  of  the  charge  against  me, 
with  relation  to  the  publishing  these  books,  I  am  farther 
to  assure  j'our  old  man,  that  they  cannot  by  the  laws  of 
nature  and  nations  be  termed  bawdy  books,  since  they 
treat  only  of  matters  of  the  greatest  importance  to  so- 
ciety, conduce  to  the  mutual  happiness  of  the  nuptial 
state,  and  are  directh'  calculated  for  antidotes  against 
debauchery  and  unnatural  lewdness,  and  not  for  incen- 
tives to  them.  For  which  reason  I  shall  not  desist  from 
printing  such  books,  when  any  occasion  offers,  nor  am  I 
either  concerned  or  ashamed  to  have  them  distinguished 
by  the  facetious  name  of '  Curlicism.' 

"  This,  I  think,  Mr.  Mist,  an  unexceptionable  answer 
to  the  allegations  of  your  antiquated  letter- writer ;  and 
to  prevent  one  objection,  which  he  might  otherwise  pos- 
sibly hereafter  make,  I  shall  frankly  acknowledge  to  him, 
that  as  considerable  a  person  as  he  may  seem  in  the  eyes 
of  your  admirers,  nothing  which  either  he  or  you  could 
say  of  me,  should  have  moved  me  to  vouchsafe  any  reply, 
had  not  an  opportunity  thereby  offered  itself  to  me  of 
publishing  to  the  world  the  contents  at  large  of  these 
several  pieces,  which  have  of  late  been  so  severally  in- 
veighed against,  and  of  demonstrating  to  your  corre- 
spondent in  particular  (who  I  take  for  granted  never  read 
a  syllable  in  either  of  them  beyond  the  title-page)  that 
his  zeal  has  been  employed  against  such  books,  as  are  not 
onh'  inoffensive,  but  very  useful ;  and  that  his  indigna- 
tion against  what  he  calls  Curlicism,  proceeds  from  a 
partial  infatuated  bigotry,  and  an  implicit  spirit  of  cen- 
soriousness,  into  which  "he  has  been  led  by  what  I  call 
Mysticism  and  Poperycism.  Whether  he  be  really  an  old 
fellow,  or  only  affects  a  formal  gravity,  to  give  his  argu- 
ments the  greater  weight  among  the  rabble  of  malcon- 
tents, to  whose  service  alone  his  pen  is  devoted  —  I  shall 
however  be  glad  to  see  him  in  town,  whither  I  suppose 
he  is  coming  to  some  emplo3-ment  under  j-ou,  either  to 
solve  cases  of  conscience,  which  your  tattered  customers 
are  continually  furnishing  you  with,  or  to  strengthen 
your  political  reasonings  and  zealous  insinuations  against 


the  government,  with  quotations  from  the  fathers  of  the 
first  four  centuries,  in  which  sort  of  learning  the  gentle- 
man seems  to  me  to  be  chiefly  remarkable ;  and  like  the 
rest  of  his  regular  brethren  in  Christianity,  to  be  pas- 
sionately fond  of  their  venerable  errors,  for  the  sake  of 
their  antiquity,  and  peremptorily  to  condemn  the  profane 
politeness  of  the  classics,  as  much  as  he  does  the  damna- 
ble conscientious  sincerity  of  our  modern  prevailing  free- 
thinkers. 

"Notwithstanding  our  present  difference,  Mr.  Mist,  I 
am  willing  to  give  you  a  piece  of  wholesome  friendly  ad- 
vice :  whereas  3'ou  publicly  declared  in  my  presence, 
before  several  witnesses,  who  will  attest  it  upon  oath,  that 
the  first  letter  against  me  was  inserted  designedly  to 
reflect  on  His  Majesty  under  my  cover;  and  likewise, 
that  as  for  any  passages  in  your  Journal,  whether  they 
should  be  true  or  false,  they  equally  conduce  to  the  in- 
terest of  the  cause  in  which  you  are  embarked,  and  to  the 
reputation  of  your  paper  amongst  the  party  your  only 
constant  readers.  And  whereas  on  another  occasion  j'ou 
have  made  your  boast,  that  whenever  the  government  has 
tiiought  fit  to  take  notice  of  you,  you  have  alwaj'S  brought 
them  to  your  own  terms,  I  wish  you  would  accept  the 
advice  of  a  generous  enemj',  and  take  particular  care  lest 
your  repeated  insolences  and  treasonable  glances  on  your 
indulgent  superiors,  should  at  length,  contrary  to  their 
innate  and  unexampled  clemency,  prevail  with  them  to 
put  a  stop  to  such  flagrant  enormities,  and  oblige  them 
for  once  to  bring  you  to  their  terms. 

"Having  thus  given  the  world  an  impartial  account 
of  the  books  I  have  printed,  which  is  the  sole  design  of 
this  letter ;  and  being  therefore  resolved  to  enter  into  no 
future  debate,  either  with  j'ourself  or  your  champion  cor- 
respondent, I  shall  conclude  all  in  the  words  of  a  late 
eminent  and  learned  controvertist  [the  Dean  of  Chi- 
chester] : — '  I  now  submit  what  I  have  said  to  the  reader's 
judgment :  whatever  your  letter- writer  may  be,  the  world 
I  am  persuaded  is  tired  of  such  altercations,  as  I  am  sure 
I  am.'  E.  CuKLL. 

"  Fleet  Street,  May  26,  1718." 

We  have  said  that  political  feeling  may  have 
had  something  to  do  with  this  attack  on  Curll. 
Our  reason  for  this  is,  that  Misfs  Journal  was  of 
the  opposite  political  faction  to  that  which  Curll 
espoused. 

Mist  was  the  proprietor  of  the  Weehly  Journal, 
generally  called  Misfs  Journal,  and,  like  Curll, 
was  condemned  to  mount  the  pillory  for  some  po- 
litical ofi'ence.  His  paper  was  staunch  in  its 
support  of  the  Tories.  His  name  appears  in 
Negus'  List,  not  among  those  "well  affected  to 
King  George,"  but  among  those  "  said  to  be  high- 
flyers." Curll,  on  the  other  hand,  was  a  zealous 
partisan  of  the  House  of  Planover  and  the  Pro- 
testant Succession.  'J'herefore,  although  Curll 
was  obnoxious  to  the  charge  made  against  him, 
so  many  others  were  open  to  the  same  censure, 
that  there  can  be  little  doubt  politics  had  some- 
thing to  do  with  the  attack. 

In  this  very  year  Curll  published  some  tracts 
on  the  Bangorian  Controversy,  two  of  which  we 
have  before  us  at  the  present  moment.  The 
first  is  by  Nicholas  Amhurst*,  whose  name  does 

*  The  reader  of  Amhurst's  well-known  Terra  Filius 
will  remember  in  that  Journal  what  is  called  Curll's 


2»i  S.  No  48^  Nov.  29.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


4^ 


not,   however,  appear   on   the  title-page.      It  is 
called  — 

Protestant  Popery,  or  The  Convocation.  A 
Poem  in  Five  Cantos.  Addressed  to  the  Right 
Reverend  The  Lord  Bishop  of  Bangor,  Sf^.  London, 
Printed  for  E.  Curll  in  Fleet  Street,  1718.  (Price 
\s.Qd.) 

The  preface  is  very  complimentary  to  Hoadly, 
and  very  severe  npon  his  adversaries ;  and  the 
poem,  which  is  written  very  fluently,  is  in  the 
same  spirit.  At  this  time,  to  quote  Amhurst's 
own  words,  — 

"  While  the  fierce  Contest  rages  from  afar, 
And  hostile  Pamphlets  breathe  alternate  War," 
all  seemed  filled  with  the  same  uncharitable  hu- 
mour.    Our  copy  of  this  very  pamphlet  aflfbrds 
proof  of  this  in  two  MS.  poems  inserted  in  the 
blank  leaves  at  the  close  of  the  first  and  third 
cantos.     They  are  not  worth  transcribing,  except 
as  showing  the  feeling  of  the  writer. 
The  first  is  as  follows  : 

"  A  Poem  on  his  most  Sacred  Majesty  King  George. 
"  I  sing  the  man,  that  Britains  crown  do's  wear 
By  Providence  design'd  to  ease  our  care 
Not  Jesse's  son  more  opportunely  came 
When  cruel  Saul  was  on  mount  Gilboa  slane 
As  Sheba's  queen  wise  Solomon  did  tell 
He  was  made  King,  in  love  to  Israel 
Indulgent  Heaven,  thus  on  us  did  Smile 
When  George  was  chosen  ruler  of  our  Is'Ie 
Judah,  with  England,  we  may  parallel 
Our  lands  a  Goshen  we  Gods  Israel 
Our  goverment,  like  theirs  is  most  Divine 
Theocracy  through  Monarchy  do's  shine 
With  mercy  cloath'd,  George  would  not  thunder  wear 
He  craves  his  people's  love,  much  more  their  Fear 
His  Pious  Ancesters,  their  blood,  did  spend 
Por  our  Religeon,  which  he  do's  defend 
Bravely  for  which,  he  draws  his  Conquering  Sword 
Which  to  secure,  we  have  his  Ro5'al  word 
His  most  Consummate  Wisdom  Europe  charms 
At  home  ungratefuU,  britains  are  in  arms 
Ah :  foolish  Isle,  who  can  thj'  Grief  express 
Refusing  madly  thus,  thy  happiness 
Slighting  those  charms  which  all  the  world  do's  bind 
Spurning  at  George,  the  darling  of  mankind 
Oh :  tell  it  not  in  Gath ;  nor  Askelon 
What  English  protestants  wou'd  now  have  done 
Dethrond  there  King,  and  try'd  the  fatal  chance 
O'th  popish  idol ;  disciplind  in  France 
So  Indians  trifles  chuse  and  simple  things 
For  all  those  treasures  which  the  Merchant  brings 
They  blew  the  trumpet  of  unnat'ral  war 
Brandish  the  Sword,  and  burnish  arms  for  Marr 
Like  Necromancers,  as  the  people  say 
They've  rais'd  the  devil ;  which  they  can  not  lay." 

The  second,  which  is  somewhat  better  written,  is 
addressed  to  Dr.  Snape  : 

"  The  Billingsgate  D''  or  y*  whipping  Divine. 
"  Pray  listen  to  my  story  well 
Of  merry  andrew  Snap 
Whome  holly  brethren  did  compell 
To  fiiU  into  a  Trapp 


Account  of  the   Oxford  Poetical  Club,  and  the  Thanks 
given  to  Curll  by  the  Club. 


We  know  who  did  contrive  the  Scheme 
Tho'  he  must  now  be  whipt  for  them 
Whith  ^  fa  &c. 

"  The  Father  dealt  in  Iron  shoes 
In  wooden  shoes  the  Son 
And  none  but  brutes  will  either  chuse 
Or  tamely  put  them  on 
In  shoeing  horse's  Snape  was  bread 
Now  shoeing  Asses  is  his  Trade 
Whith  a  fa  &c. 

"  The  care  of  bums  at  Eaton  School 
A  sad  thing  to  Relate 
Whould  not  permit  his  care  of  Souls 
Within  poor  Billingsgate 
But  that  he  might  both  parties  please 
He  teaches  those  to  Scold  like  these 
With  a  fa  &c. 

"  Of  pray'r  he  speaks  with  great  Respect 
To  cursing  more  inclin'd. 
He  tells  the  Bishop  what  t'  expect 
If  not  by  Laws  confind 
All  this  youT  say  is  very  fair 
For  cursing  is  but  heat  of  prayr 
With  a  fa  &c. 

"  But  when  he  comes  to  power  of  Church 
He  makes  a  fearfull  rout 
If  then  he  had  but  Sceptre  birch 
O  how  he'd  lay  about 
What  not  believe  what  Church  does  teach 
Turn  up  mv  Lord ;  have  at  your  breech 
With  a  fa  &c. 

"  If  )'oii  will  not  Submit  your  Faith 
To  us  Christ's  Vice-ge-rents 
Or  mind  what  holy  parson  saith 
How  shall  we  have  our  tenth 
In  truth  my  Lord,  j'ou  are  a  Roguo 
Take  that  by  way  of  Epilogue 
With  a  fa  &c." 

Dr.  Snape,  the  able  opponent  of  Hoadly,  is  the 
subject  of  the  second  poetical  tract  to  which  we 
have  alluded,  and  which  is  likewise  from  the  pen 
of  Amhurst.     It  is  entitled,  — 

A  Congi-atulatory  Epistle  from  His  Holiness 
The  Pope  to  The  Reverend  Dr.  Snape.  Faithfully 
translated  from  the  Latin  Original  into  English 
Ve7'se.  By  the  Author  of  Protestant  Popery,  SfC. 
London,  Printed  for  E.  Curll  in  Fleet  Street,  1718. 

The  author  pretends  in  his  preface  that  — 

"  The  following  traiterous  Epistle  from  His  Holiness  to 
the  Reverend  Doctor  in  the  Title-Page,  was  no  less  sur- 
prizingly  than  happily  intercepted  by  the  Master  of  a 
small  English  vessel  not  far  off  from  the  British  Coast. 
.  .  .  It  was  transmitted  to  me  by  one  of  His  Majesty's 
Principal  Secretaries  of  State,  to  whom  it  was  delivered 
when  first  taken,  with  leave  to  make  what  use  of  it  I 
should  judge  best  for  the  interest  of  the  nation." 

These  poems  having  been  at  the  time  generally 
attributed  to  George  Sewell,  a  prolific  poetaster 
of  the  day,  led  to  his  denying  the  authorship  by 
public  advertisement,  and  to  counter-advertise- 
ments by  "  Philalethes,"  (the  name  assumed  by 
Amhurst,)  in  The  Evening  Post. 

With  this  squabble,  however,  or  the  larger  con- 
troversy, we  need  not  trouble  our  readers  at  any 
greater  length.     We  have  shown  Curll  as  a  par- 


424 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


(•2nd  g.  No  48.,  Nov.  29.  '56. 


tisan  of  the  Bishop  of  Bangor,  which  was  all  we 
were  called  upon  to  do. 

Connected  with  this  very  year  1718,  however, 
we  have  a  story  to  relate  of  Curll  and  another 
Bishop,  which  is,  it  must  be  confessed,  more  cha- 
racteristic than  creditable.  Pope,  in  his  True 
Narrative  of  the  Method  by  which  Mr.  Pope's  Let- 
ters have  been  published,  refers  to  the  matter  in 
these  words : 

"  jSIr.  Pope's  friends  imagined  that  the  whole  design  of 
E.  Curll  was  to  get  him  to  look  on  the  edition  of  Crom- 
well's Letters,  and  so  to  print  it  as  revised  by  Mr.  Pope,  in 
the  same  manner  as  he  sent  an  obscene  Book  to  a  reverend 
Bishop,  and  then  advertised  it  as  corrected  and  revised  by 
him." 

The  book  here  referred  to  is  an  edition  of  Ro- 
chester's Poems.  Curll  printed  these  poems  se- 
veral times.  We  have  seen  an  edition  published 
by  him,  and  professing  to  be  the  "  third  edition," 
dated  in  1709;  but  in  1718*  was  published  an 
edition  "  adorned  with  Cuts,"  and  which,  although 
it  does  not  bear  Curll's  name  on  the  title-page,  he 
had  clearly  an  interest  in;  for  a  note,  p.  vlii. 
vol.  ii.,  refers  to  "  Mr.  Pomfret's  Poems  printed  by 
E,  Curll."  There  are  two  or  three  versions  of  the 
story  :  the  following  is  Curll's  own,  as  told  by  him 
in  a  note  on  Pope's  Narrative,  in  the  second  vo- 
lume of  his  (Curll's)  edition  of  Pope's  Literary 
Correspondence : 

"  Falsehood  the  Fourth,"  says  Curll.  "  One  hundred 
guineas  shall  be  paid  to  this  Narrative  writer,  if  he  can 
produce  any  such  advertisement  of  Mr.  Curll's.  This 
is  founded  on  a  merry  story,  and  the  fact  as  follows,  viz. : 

"  Mr.  Henry  Hoare,  eldest  son  of  Sir  Richard  Hoare, 
came  to  Mr.  Curll  and  told  him,  that  Dr.  Robinson,  then 
Bishop  of  London,  heard  he  was  concerned  in  an  edition 
of  the  Earl  of  Rochester's  Poems.  Mr.  Curll  told  Mr. 
Hoare  that  he  was,  among  other  booksellers  and  printers, 
(viz.  Mr.  Darby  in  Bartholomew  Close,  Mr.  Bettesworth 
in  Paternoster  Row,  Mr.  Rivington  in  St.  Paul's  Church 
Yard,  Mr.  Pemberton  in  Fleet  Street,  &c.)  concerned  in 
an  edition  of  that  nobleman's  Works.  But  likewise  told 
Mr.  Hoare,  that  he  would  get  a  book  interleaved  for  my 
Lord  Bishop,  and  whatever  his  Lordship  saw  amiss,  if  he 
would,  be  pleased  to  strike  out  any  lines  or  Poems  therein, 
such  leaves  should  be  reprinted,  and  rendered  conform- 
able to  his  Lordship's  opinion.  Away  goes  Mr.  Hoare, 
overjoyed  with  the  message  from  Mr.  Curll,  with  a  tender 
of  his  duty  to  the  Bishop,  and  opens  his  credentials ;  upon 
hearing  which  the  Bishop  smiled,  and  made  the  following 
reply  to  Mr.  Hoare.  'Sir,  I  am  told  that  Mr.  Curll  is  a 
shrewd  man,  and  should  I  revise  the  book  you  have 
brought  me,  he  would  publish  it  as  approved  by  me.' 
This,  no  doubt,  Mr.  Curll  might  justly  have  done,  for 
whatever  is  not  condemned  is  approved  :  a  standing 
maxim  this,  in  civil,  canon,  and  common  law." 

S.  N.  M. 


*  The  Works  of  the  Earls  of  Rochester,  Roscommon, 
Dorset,  &c.  In  Two  Vols.  Adorn'd  with  Cuts.  London : 
Printed  in  the  Year  1718.  Price  5s.  [No  bookseller's  or 
printer's  name.  ] 


ETYMOLOGflES. 

Toad-eater. — In  an  article  on  Abp.  Whately's 
edition  of  Bacon's  Essays  in  the  last  No.  of  the 
Quarterly  Review,  the  reviewer  makes  a  digres- 
sion on  the  origin  of  this  word.  The  late  Bp. 
Copleston,  he  says,  derived  it  from  the  Spanish, 
supposing  it  to  be  todito,  a  diminutive  of  todo, 
"  all,"  and  signifying /acfo^um;  and  this  derivation 
he  very  properly  rejects,  for  there  is  in  fact  no 
such  word  in  any  Spanish  dictionary,  and,  even  if 
there  were,  it  could  not  have  that  sense.  He  next 
notices,  and  rejects  also,  the  ingenious  (the  Abp. 
is  always  so)  etymon  of  Abp.  Whately,  who  takes 
it  to  be  a  mere  refinement  of  a  rather  unseemly 
phrase,  akin  to  one  of  frequent  occurrence  in  Ben 
Jonson's  Bartholomew  Fair.  He  finally  ^ves 
what  he  regards  as  the  true  one,  as  contained  in 
the  following  passage  of  Sarah  Fielding's  David 
Simple :  "  It  is"  a  metaphor  taken  from  a  mounte- 
bank's boy  eating  toads,  in  order  to  show  his  mas- 
ter's skill  in  expelling  poison."  I  doubt,  how- 
ever, if  this  practice  was  ever  current,  or  was  even 
possible ;  and,  at  all  events,  neither  is  this  the  true 
solution.  The  truth  I  take  to  be  as  follows. 
Toad-eat  is  an  English  adaptation  of  the  French 
avaler  des  couleuvres.  Thus  Boileau  has  in  his 
tenth  Satire : 

"  R^sous-toi,  pauvre  ^poux,  k  vivre  de  couleuvres : "  — 

on  which  the  note  of  Ldvizac  is : 

"  L'expression  proverbiale  avaler  des  couleuvres  signifle 
souffrir  bien  des  chosea  facheuses,  que  Ton  nous  dit  ou  que 
I'on  nous  fait,  sans  que  nous  osions  en  temoigner  le  moindre 
deplaisir." 

If  this  be  not  an  accurate  description  of  toad- 
eating,  I  know  not  what  is.  English  humour,  to 
add  strength  to  the  image,  changed  the  poor  harm- 
less and  handsome  snake  into  the  ugly  and  sup- 
posed venomous  toad.  Finally,  toad-eating  and 
toad-eater  have  become  toady,  and  mean  servile 
adulation,  a  part  of  the  business  of  the  original 
toad-eater,  usually,  if  not  exclusively,  a  lady's 
companion. 

I  must  also  demur  to  the  aforesaid  reviewer's 
assertion  that  "  conjectural  etymology  is  little 
better  than  juggling."  I  grant  that  we  should 
probably  never  arrive  at  the  meaning  of  namby- 
pamby,  mob,  and  similar  terms,  if  we  had  not  their 
history  ;  but  there  is  another  class  which  have 
tlieir  origin  in  nature,  or  in  well-known  opinions, 
the  derivation  of  which  may  be  something  better 
than  mere  tours  de  passe-passe.  As  an  instance,  I 
will  name  that  of  pismire,  given  by  myself  in  a 
former  No.  of  "  N.  &  Q." 

Saw.  —  This  word,  even  in  Shakspeare's  time, 
signified  merely  a  saying,  a  proverb,  "  Full  of  wise 
saws  and  modern  instances  ; "  but  I  always  had 
an  idea  that  it  had  been  originally  the  same  as  the 
northern  saga,  the  German  sage,  a  history,  story, 
tale,  or  tradition.     I  find  this  notion  of  mine  con- 


2nd  s.  No  48.,  Nov.  29.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


425 


firmed  by  the  following  lines  of  the  romance  of 
Richard  CcBur-de-Lion : 

"  Of  my  tale  be  not  awoiidered  1 
The  French^  says  he  slew  an  hundred 
(Whereof  is  made  this  English  saw) 
Or  he  rested  him  any  thraw." 

Here  saw  is  evidently  the  same  as  the  preceding 
tale ;  whereof  is  from  which.  It  is  a  great  pity 
that  this  old  word  cannot  be  revived,  for  we  are 
sadly  in  want  of  a  term  answering  to  saga,  sage. 

I  lately  read  in  the  Cambridge  Essays  one  on  the 
English  language  in  America,  wherein  some  things 
rather  surprised  me.  Thus,  to  ride,  for  going  in  a 
carriage,  is  given  as  an  Americanism.  Is  it  not  of 
common  use  in  London?  and  do  not  Cockneys 
even  ride  in  steamers  to  Kew  and  to  Greenwich  ? 
Suspenders  for  braces  is  another,  —  a  word  which 
was,  and  I  believe  still  is,  in  common  use  in  Ire- 
land, where,  in  my  boyhood,  they  were  still  more 
expressively  termed  gallows.  The  writer  also  says 
that  "cantankerous  for  rancorous"  is  peculiar  to  the 
"  Great  West."  But  it  too  is  common  in  Ireland, 
in  the  sense  of  waspish,  and  it  is  probably  a  cor- 
ruption of  contentious,  not  of  rancorous, 

Thos.  Keightlet. 


MONUMENTAL    BRASSES. 

CConchidedfrom  1"  S.  xi.  143.) 

The  following  is  a  supplementary  list  of  brasses 
with  which  I  have  become  acquainted  since  my 
last  communications  on  this  subject : 

BERKSHIRE. 

Hendred,  East.  Heniy  and  Roger  Eldysley  (one  figure 

lost),  1439. 
Hendred,  East.  John  Eyston  and  wife,  1589. 
Sparsholt.  William  de  Herleston,  priest  (loose  in  chest). 
Wittenham,  Little.  A  small  fragment  of  a  female  figure, 

c.  1600. 
Wantage.  Wife  of  William  Wilmot,  1618. 


Stanford  Rivers.  Anne  Harper  and  children  (mural),  1584. 
Stanford  Rivers.  A  man  in  armour  and  his  wife  (not  seen 
in  a  recent  visit  to  the  church). 


Norwich,  St.  John's,  Maddermarket.  A  civilian  and  wife. 
Norwich,  St.  John's,   Maddermarket.    A   female  figure 
(partially  concealed). 

NORTHAMPTONSHIRE. 

Addington.  John  Bloxham,  priest  with  chalice,  1609. 
Ashby,  St.  Leger's.  William  Catesby  and  wife,  1494. 
Ashby,  St.  Leger's.  William  Smyght,  priest,  1500. 
Ashton.  Robert  Marriott  and  wife,  c.  1580. 
Barnewell.  Christopher  Freeman  and  family,  1610. 
Boddington,  Upper.  William  Proctor,  priest,  1627. 
Burton  Latimer.  A  figure  in  shroud  and  children. 
Burton  Latimer.  Wife  of  Thos.  Bacon  and  infant,  1626. 
Cranford,  John  Fosbrooke  and  wife,  1417. 
Cranford.  John  Fosbroke  and  wives,  1589. 
Dene.  Sir  Edmund  Brudenell  and  lady. 


Earls  Barton.  John  Muscote  and  wife,  1512. 
Easton  Neston.  Richard  Fennor  and  wife,  1552. 
Fawsley.  Edward  Knyghtleye  and  wife,  1542.  . 
Floore.'  Henry  Mitchell,  Esq.,  and  wife,  1510. 
Geddington.  Henry  Jarmon  and  wife,  14 — . 
Green's  Norton.  Mary  Talbot. 
Grendon.  Two  knights  and  a  lady,  c.  1480. 
Hemington.  Thos.  Montagu  and  wife,  1517. 
Newbottle.  Peter  Dormer,  wives  and  children,  1555. 
Newnham.  A  female  figure. 
Newton  Bromshold.  Roger  Hewett,  1487. 
Norton.  William  Knyght  and  wife,  1504. 
Paulerspury.  Sir  Henry  Mylnar,  priest,  15 — . 
Potterspury.  Wife  of  Cuthbert  Ogle.  Esq.,  1616. 
Prestoii.  Sir  Clement  Edmunds  and  lady,  1G22. 
Staverton.  Thos.  Wylmer,  wife  and  children,  1580. 
Stoke  Bruerne.  Richard  Lightfoot,  rector,  1625. 
Sulgrave.  Lawrence  Washington,  wife  and  children,  1564. 
•  Tansor.   The  priest  is  John  Colt. 
Wappenham.  A  knight  mutilated. 
Wappenham.  A  knight  and  lady. 
Wappenham.  Constantia  Butler,  1499. 
•Weltbrd.  -~  Saunders,  Esq.,  three  wives  and  children. 
Woodford.  Symon  Malory,  knight,  1580. 
Woodford-cum-Membris.  Nicholas  Stafford,  priest,  14 — . 

HERTFORDSHIRE. 

North  Mimms.  A  civilian  (mutilated),  c.  1420. 

OXFORD3HIBE. 

Checkendon.  Cecilia  Bede,  1428. 
Checkendon.  Anna  Bowett  (under  pue),  1490. 
Crowmarsh  Giffbrd.  William  Hydesley  (mutilated),  1576. 
Ewelme.  Catherine  Palmer  and  family  (kneeling),  1599. 
Oxford,  St.  Peter's  in  the  East.  A  man  and  his  wife  (much 
worn),  1478. 

SUFFOLK. 

Belstead.  Tlie  knight  (he  is  John  Goldingham,  Esq.)  and 

wives,  1518. 
Brundish.  A  female  figure  (mutilated). 
Easton.  John  Brook.   This  brass  was  pued  over  last  year. 
Mendlesham.  John  Knyvet,  Esq.  (under  pue). 

SURREY. 

Mickleham.  William  Wyddolkson  and  wife  (mural),  1514. 

YORKSHIRE. 

Harpham.  Sir  Thos.  de  St.  Quintin  and  lady,  1420. 
Harpham.  Thos.  de  St.  Quintin,  Esq.,  1445  (both  these 
brasses  are  engraved  by  Boutell). 

F.  S.  Geowse. 
Bildestone,  Suffolk. 


A  NOTE  UPON  FEPYS. 

Pepys,  in  his  varied  Diary,  under  date  of  Au- 
gust 4th,  1665,  notes  to  this  effect : 

"  To  Mr.  Rett's,  who  led  us  into  his  garden,  and  there 
the  lady,  the  best-humoured  woman  in  the  world,  and  a 
devout  woman,  I  having  espied  her  on  her  knees,  half  an 
hour  this  morning,  in  her  chamber." 

In  writings  contemporary  with  Pepys,  I  have 
remarked  three  instances  of  the  private  devotions 
of  ladies  having  become  known  to  others.  They 
are  as  follows  : 

1.  "  One  of  the  first  things  by  which  her  change  was 
discovered  to  her  mother  and  friends,  was  her  fervent 


426 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'"J  S.  KTo  48,,  Kov.  29.  '50. 


secret  praj'ei'S.  For  living  in  a  great  house,  of  which  the 
middle  part  was  ruined  in  the  wars,  she  cliose  a-  closet  in 
the  farther  end,  where  she  thought  none  heard  her.  But 
some  that  overheard  her,  said  they  never  hreard  so  fervent 
prayer  from  any  one."  —  From  Richard  Baxter's  Life  of 
his  Wife,  Margaret  Charlton. 

2.  "  Her  own  Lord  (knowing  her  hours  of  prayer)  once 
conveyed  a  grave  minister  to  a  secret  place,  within  hear- 
ing, whom,  if  I  should  name,  would  not  be  denied  to  be  a 
competent  judge,  who  much  admired  her  humble  fer- 
vency."—  Rev.  Antony  Walker's  Funeral  Sermon  for  the 
Countess  of  Warwick,  1678. 

3.  "  Morning  and  evening  she  never  failed,  by  her  good 
will,  to  read  some  portion  of  Scripture  (if  not  called  away 
by  extraordinary  business  on  a  sudden),  and  so  pour  out 
her  heart  to  GoA.\n private  Prayer ;  for  which,  because  no 
place  in  the  house  was  so  convenient,  and  so  far  from  noise, 
and  sight  of  others,  as  one  certain  remote  room,  where  none 
usually  came  at  those  times,  therefore  that  place  of  all 
others  she  made  choice  of,  in  the  dark  winter  evenings, 
and  the  morning  before  the  family  was  up ;  many  a  time 
hath  she  visited  one  corner  of  that  Room,  which  was  most 
retired,  with  eyes  and  hands  lift  up  to  heaven,  kneeling  at 
a  chair,  with  great  affection,  which  though  she  never 
knew,  that  any  took  the  least  notice  of  (for  that  would 
have  been  a  trouble  to  her),  j'et  a  certain  near  relation 
that  often  looked  in  at  a  cranny  of  the  door,  which  she 
had  fostened  inwardly,  and  did  not  a  little  joy  to  see  her 
so  empZo^ed,  is  yet  surviving  as  an  eye-witness  of  it."  — 
From  the  Life  of  Miss  Susanna  Penwich  (of  Hackney), 
by  John  Batchiler.  1661. 

In  this  last  extract  is  preserved  the  peculiar 
italicising  of  the  original.  A.  R. 


MlCHAEtMAS  GOOSK  DINNER, 

The  custom  of  serving  a  goose  for  dinner  on  the 
Michaelmas-day  is  said  to  have  arisen  from  the 
accidental  circumstance  of  Queen  Elizabeth  being 
in  the  full  enjoyment  of  her  dinner  off  that  savoury 
bird,  when  she  was  informed  of  the  victory  ob- 
tained by  Sir  Francis  Drake  over  the  Spanish 
Armada  while  advancing  towards  Tilbury  Fort. 
But  the  probability  is  Her  Majesty  was  only  in- 
dulging in  one  of  the  whimsical  predilections  of 
her  subjects. 

Norfolk  has  long  been  famed  for  the  breed  of 
this  bird,  nor  is  the  culinary  department  entirely 
bereft  of  all  claims  to  commendation.  Our  fore- 
fathers rejoiced  over  the  "  stubble-goose,"  a  dainty 
which  has  now  given  place  to  those  more  delicately 
fed.  The'  rustic  call  for  the  goose  is  "  Willie ;  " 
whether  this  is  "  wily,"  in  jest  of  their  alleged 
simplicity,  or  "  y-like,"  in  reference  to  the  in- 
verted form  of  that  letter  which  they  uniformly 
adopt  in  their  flight,  are  doubts  not  easily  solved. 
*'  The  Goose  and  Gridiron  "  is  a  Norfolk  sign,  but 
the  meaning  remains  hitherto  unexplained.  And 
it  is  well  known  a  Norfolk  man  will  scarcely  feel 
himself  aggrieved  at  the  well-known  sobriquet 
derived  from  them,  and  so  unsparingly  lavished 
upon  him  by  his  facetious  neighbours  in  the 
*'  shires  " 


The  Norfolk  goose  of  the  London  markets  is 
generally  imported  from  Prussia  or  the  Rhenish 
provinces.  One  caterer  in  Norwich  has  imported 
as  many  as  six  thousand  in  one  year,  and  has  ob- 
served, while  feeding  them,  their  attachment  to 
light,  by  their  rarely  taking  food  in  the  dark  nights, 
but  they  will  enjoy  themselves  under  the  full  moon 
as  under  the  midday  sun. 

The  goose,  from  its  harmless  habits,  figures  in 
many  of  our  nursery  tales  and  rhymes,  but  no- 
where more  prominently  than  in  the  Legends  of 
Ashwell-Thorpe  Hall. 

The  habitual  practice  of  serving  a  goose  on  the 
tacitly  appointed  day  is  observed  with  singular 
scrupulosity  in  most  private  families ;  but  the 
maintenance  of  the  custom  to  gratify  alike  the 
taste  and  inherent,  if  not  superstitious,  feelings  of 
the  indigent,  proves  at  least  a  deep-rooted  venera- 
tion for  what  may  appear  to  indifferent  observers 
a  puerile  custom. 

"  The  Old  Man's  Hospital,"  a  retreat  for  the 
aged,  is  on  the  largest  scale,  and  on  the  most  libe- 
ral principles,  and  the  inmates  of  the  two  sexes, 
amounting  in  the  present  year  to  upwards  of  two 
hundred,  are  annually  regaled  on  the  Michaelmas 
Day  off  their  self-omened  bird.  The  provision  for 
this  feast  was  made  by  the  late  worthy  Alderman 
Partridge  in  1816,  who,  by  his  will,  directed  that 
a  goose  should  be  provided  there  for  every  four 
persons.  This  was  done  as  the  economists  of  the 
day  proposed  to  discontinue  the  annual  feast. 

Tlie  "  Michaelmas  Day  "  at  this  hospital  is  the 
gala  day  of  the  year ;  the  inmates  are  in  their 
best  attire,  and,  cheered  with  the  delicious  prospect, 
tempt  the  visitors  to  a  "  mardle,"  which  generally 
turns  upon  the  wonders  of  the  "  Eagle  Ward,"  so- 
called  from  the  pencilling  of  the  splendid  roof  of 
the  now  desecrated  church.  The  great  kitchen  is: 
thrown  open  to  the  public,  where  hundreds  throng 
to  see  the  novel  sight,  and  to  inhale  the  suffocating 
heat  from  a  ton  of  burning  coals.  A  skeleton 
cylinder  is  formed  of  seven  or  eight  bars ;  on  each 
is  spitted  seven  geese  ;  the  whole  is  then  made  to 
revolve  round  before  the  immense  fire  by  a  turn- 
spit, whose  occupation  requires  frequent  relief  to 
prevent  his  mingling  with  the  revolving  victims. 

Henry  D'Avenex". 


Hoops  V.  Crinoliiie,  —  Pray  insert  the  enclosed 
from  The  Weeldy  Journal,  or  Saturday  Post,  April 
26,  1718,  for  the  benefit  of  your  witty  contempo- 
rary. Punch.  It  may  give  Mr.  Leech  a  hint,  which 
he  will  know  how  to  turn  to  a  good  account :  — 

"  One  day  last  week  a  Gentlewoman  vmluckily  stooping 
to  buckle  her  Shoe  at  a  Linen  Draper's  Shop,  her  Hoop 
Petticoat,  of  more  than  ordinary  Circumference,  flew  up, 
and  an  arch  little  Chimney  Sweeper  passing  by  at  that 


2ud  s.  No  48.,  Nov.  29.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


427 


instant  immediately  conveyed  himself  underneath  the 
machine,  and  with  a  loud  voice  cried  out  Sweep,  Sweep; 
the  Gentlewoman  being  affrighted  leap'd  back,  the  boy 
struggling  to  get  out  threw  Madam  in  the  Dirt,  and  with 
much  ado  at  last  the  Devil  got  away,  and  left  the  lady 
in  no  small  confusion." 

S.  N.  M. 

Wagers.  —  It  has  been  remarked,  that  "  a  col- 
lection of  foolish  wagers  would  make  a  voluminous 
and  not  uninteresting  work."  I  beg  to  propose 
this  topic  to  your  contributors. 

To  make  a  beginning.  I  have  heard  that  a  gen- 
tleman laid  a  wager  that  he  would  stand  for  a 
whole  day  on  London  Bridge,  with  a  tray  full  of 
sovereigns  fresh  from  the  Mint,  and  would  offer 
them  to  the  passengers  at  "  pence  a-piece,"  with- 
out being  able  to  sell  any.  He  won  the  wager. 
I  cannot  give  name  or  date.  Perhaps  some  one 
else  will  kindly  supply  them. 

In  olden  times,  a  favourite  form  of  wager  was 
"  a  rump  and  dozen."  In  the  case  of  Hussey  v. 
Cricket,  3  Campbell's  Nisi  Prius  Cases,  168.,  an 
action  was  brought  upon  a  wager  of  a  rump  and 
dozen,  whether  the  defendant  was  older  than  the 
plaintiff.  The  question  argued  before  the  Court 
of  Common  Pleas  was,  whether  the  action  was 
maintainable  ?     Sir  James  Mansfield,  C.  J.,  said  : 

"  I  am  inclined  to  think  I  ought  not  to  have  tried  this 
cause.  I  do  not  judicially  know  the  meaning  of  a  rump 
and  dozen.  While  we  were  occupied  with  these  idle  dis- 
putes, parties  having  large  debts  due  to  them,  and  ques- 
tions of  great  magnitude  to  trj',  were  grievously'  delayed. 
However,  the  cause  being  here,  we  miist  now  dispose  of  it. 

"  Heath,  J.  '  I  am  rather  sorry  this  action  has  been 
brought,  but  I  do  not  doubt  that  it  is  maintainable. 
Wagers  are  generally  legal,  and  there  is  nothing  to  take 
this  wager  out  of  the  common  rule.  We  know  very  well, 
privately,  that  a  rump  and  dozen  is  what  the  witnesses 
stated,  viz.  a  good  dinner  and  wine,  in  which  I  can  dis- 
cover no  illegality.'  " 

F. 

Mr.  HalliweWs  Mistake  concerning  Peacham.  — 
In  Mr.  Halliwell's  Letters  of  the  Kings  of  Eng- 
land (vol.  ii.  p.  126.^  is  a  singular  letter  (printed 
for  the  fii'st  time)  from  James  I.  to  the  Earl  of 
Somerset.  The  royal  writer,  chiding  his  highly 
favoured  minion  for  his  great  "  tongue-license," 
adds  : 

"  For,  although  I  confess  the  greatness  of  that  trust 
and  privacy  betwixt  us  will  very  well  allow  unto  you  an 
infinitely  great  liberty  and  freedom  of  speech  unto  me, 
yea,  even  to  rebuke  me  more  sharply  and  bitterly  than 
ever  my  master  durst  do;  yet,  to  invent  a  new  act  of 
railing  at  me  —  nay,  to  borrow  the  tongue  of  the  devil  — 
in  comparison  whereof  all  PeachanCs  book  is  but  a  gentle 
admonition,  that  cannot  come  within  the  compass  of  any 
liberty  of  friendship." 

In  a  note  to  Peacham,  the  editor  adds : 

"  An  eminent  popular  writer  of  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury, who  flourished  up  to  the  time  of  the  civil  wars." 

Mr.  Halliweli,  has  here  confounded  Henry 
Peachman,  the  author  of  the  Compleat  Gentleman, 


with  Edmund  Peacham,  an  old  Somersetshire  mi- 
nister, who  was  "  arraigned  and  found  guilty  of 
high  treason,  at  Taunton  Assizes,  for  divers  things 
contained  in  a  book  of  his  against  the  king's  per- 
son, and  the  privy  counsellors."  Edmund  Pea- 
cham's  case  was  one  of  the  worst  of  James's  reign. 
The  poor  old  man  suffered  the  torture,  and  was 
condemned  to  death,  but  died  in  prison.  His 
book  was  a  just  denouncement  of  the  king's  fond- 
ness for  dogs,  dances,  banquets,  and  costly  dresses, 
and  the  frauds  and  oppressions  practised  by  his 
government  and  officers.    Edward  F.  Rimbault. 

Cabinet  Councils.  —  Is  not  the  following  note  by 
Whately  of  a  most  happy  accident,  worthy  of 
preservation  in  "  N.  &  Q.  ?  " 

"  It  is  remarkable  how  a  change  of  very  great  im- 
portance in  our  sj-stem  of  government  was  brought  about 
by  pure  accident.  The  custom  of  the  King's  being  pre- 
sent in  a  cabinet  council  of  his  ministers,  which  was  the 
obvious,  and  had  always  been  the  usual  state  of  things, 
was  put  an  end  to  when  the  Hanoverian  princes  came  to 
the  throne,  from  their  ignorance  of  the  English  language. 
The  advantages  thence  resulting  of  ministers  laying  be- 
fore the  sovereign  the  result  of  their  full  and  free  deliber- 
ations —  an  advantage  not  at  all  originally  contemplated 
—  caused  the  custom  to  be  continued,  and  so  established 
that  it  is  most  unlikely  it  should  ever  be  changed." 

Threlkeld. 

Extracts  from  "  The  Booh  of  Discipline  of  the 
Kirk  of  Tranentr  — 

"  1671,  3  Januarie.  The  Minister  reported  that  ane 
English-man,  named  Kulie,  did  discharge  a  pistoU  at 
Olivestob  upon  the  Lord's  Day  last ;  for  which,  when  he 
rebuked  him,  he  seemed  exceedinglie  sorrowfull,  and  pro- 
mised that  for  the  future  that  he  should  never  do  the 
like  in  anie  place  of  Scotland  ;  and  his  excuse  for  doeing 
thereof  was,  that  it  was  the  ordinar  custom  in  England, 
and  that  he  knew  not  our  kirk  discipline  to  be  so  strict." 

1678,  Tuesda}',  6  August.  The  said  day  the  Session 
ordained  the  following  acts  to  be  intimate  upon  Sunday 
nixt,  viz.  The  acts  anent  slandering  and  scolding,  against 
drinking  in  ale  houses  after  nj-ne  acloak  at  night,  and 
drinking  in  ale  houses  upon  the  Lord's  Daj'  after  sermons, 
anent  persons  going  unnecessarie  to  the  fields,  or  flocking 
together  at  doors,  and  childrens  playing  upon  the  Sab- 
bath, and  that  no  persons  give  up  their  names  to  be 
proclaimed  in  order  to  marriage  till  they  consign  Two 
dollars,  that  there  shall  be  no  pyping  nor  vioUing  at 
their  brydalls  after  four  aclock  at  night  in  the  winter, 
and  six  aclock  in  summer." 

A.  G. 

Edinburgh. 

French  for  Language.  — 

"  Bot  adew  to  the  Devyll 
I  can  no  moe  French." 
In  Mr.  Collier's  argument  respecting  the  origin 
of  the  English  Miracle  Plays,  he  says  : 

«  My  friend  Mr.  Amyot  remarked  upon  the  line  '  I  can 
no  more  French,'  that  it  might  have  been  proverbial  in 
English,  as  '  au  bout  de  son  Latin '  was  in  French.  Ire- 
member  no  other  instance  of  its  use  in  English  if  it  were 
so,"  &c. 

Haying  recently  had  an  opportunity  of  publicly 


428 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°d  S.  No  48.,  Nov.  29.  '56. 


stating  why  I  venture  for  once  to  form  an  opinion 
contrary  to  that  of  this  very  eminent  crific,  I  am 
not  about  to  say  anything  on  the  general  question 
of  the  origin  of  these  Miracle-Plays,  but  merely 
to  draw  attention  to  one  or  two  out  of  many  in- 
stances in  which  the  word  French  is  manifestly 
used  for  language. 

Ellis  used  for  dissertation  and  extract  in  the 
*'  Specimens  "  that  copy  of  The  Seven  Wise 
Masters  which  is  preserved  in  the  Auchinleck 
MS.  The  date  of  this  MS.  is  singularly  coinci- 
dent with  that  which,  in  Mr.  Collier's  opinion,  is 
the  date  of  the  earliest  English  version  of  the 
Miracle-Plays ;  agreeing,  indeed,  to  a  very  few 
years. 

The  following  occurs  in  the  tale  of  the  "  Mag- 
pie:" 

"  A  burgess  was  in  Rome  town, 
A  rich  man  of  great  renoun. 


The  burgess  had  a  pie  in  his  hall 
That  couth  tellen  tales  all 
Apertlich  in  French  language." 

Again,  in  the  "  Two  Dreams  :  " 

"  The  knight  took  up  the  parchemyne 
And  red  the  French  full  fair  and  tine." 

Mr.  Ellis  makes  a  note  upon  this,  "  The  word 
French  is  used  for  language  in  general."        C.  M. 
Leicester. 

LincoMs  Inn  Fields.  —  There  was  a  time  when 
Lincoln's  Inn  Fields  was  probably  the  hand- 
somest square  in  the  whole  metropolis  ;  but  for 
much  more  than  a  hundred  years,  it  has  continued 
without  a  suitable  access  from  any  surrounding 
quarter,  although,  for  the  same  full  period  of  time, 
this  inconvenience  has  been  complained  of;  as 
will  be  seen  in  the  following  extract  from  the 
St.  James's  Chronicle,  from  June  6  to  9,  1761  : 

"  A  Plan  for  a  New  Street,  from  the  end  of  Serle  Street 
to  Temple  Bar,  is  actually  concerting,  which  has  been  a 
thing  long  wanted;  as  the  Avenues  to  Lincoln's-Inn- 
Square  are  so  extremely  bad.  It  is  also  said,  that  in 
order  to  make  it  complete,  Turnstile  will  be  widened,  so 
as  to  admit  of  Carriages  passing." 

Y.  S. 

The  Name  of  Canada. — The  derivation  of  the 
name  of  this  province  has  been  a  matter  of  specu- 
lation to  the  curious,  and  may  not,  therefore,  be 
uninteresting  to  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  Two 
Spanish  derivations  are  given  :  one  taken  from  an 
ancient  Castilian  tradition  of  an  early  visit  of  the 
Spaniards  (before  the  French),  who,  perceiving 
no  appearance  of  mines  or  riches,  exclaimed,  in 
the  hearing  of  the  natives,  Aca  Nada  I  "  here  is 
nothing  ; "  and  this  being  repeated  by  the  natives 
to  other  European  visitors  was  supposed  to  be 
their  name  for  the  country.  Father  Hennipin 
gives  the  other, — confirming  this  early  visit  of  the 
Spaniards, — that  finding  nothing  to  gratify  their 


desire  for  gold,  they  called  the  country  El  Capo 
di  Nada,  "  Cape  Nothing."  These,  however,  as 
well  as  the  speculation  of  its  being  named  after 
M.  Cane,  a  French  nobleman,  are  unreliable. 
The  more  generally  received  derivation,  which  is 
supported  by  the  analogy  of  other  names,  is  either 
that  given  by  Charleroix  from  the  Iroquois, 
Kannata,  "a  collection  of  huts;"  or,  by  other 
writers,  from  two  Indian  words,  Kan  or  Can,  "  a 
mouth,"  and  Ada,  "a  country,"  —  signifying  "the 
mouth  of  the  country,"  —  originally  applied  per- 
haps to  the  River  St.  Lawrence,  and  mistaken 
for  the  name  of  what  is  now  one  of  the  greatest 
colonial  possessions  of  the  empire  —  the  province 
of  Canada.  Thomas  Hodgiss. 

Toronto,  Canada. 


^xxtxiti. 


wotton's  "courtlie  conteoveksib   of  Cupid's 

CAUTEL8." 

Can  any  of  your  readers  inform  me  who  was 
Henry  Wotton,  who  wrote  and  published  "^ 
Courtlie  Controversie  of  Cupid's  Cautels,  contain- 
ing Five  Tragicall  Historyes  by  three  Gentlemen 
and  two  Gentlewomen,  translated  out  of  French 
by  Hen.  Wotton."  4to.,  black  letter.  Imprinted 
at  London  by  Francis  Coldocke  and  Henry  Byn- 
neman.  Anno  1578.  It  was  licensed  to  them  in 
the  same  year.  See  Herbert's  Ames,  p.  982.  It 
is  dedicated  to  his  sister,  the  Lady  Anne  Dacre  of 
the  South,  in  which  he  speaks  of  himself  as  a 
rolling  stone,  of  this  "  being  the  first  fruits  of  his 
baraine  braine,"  and  alluding  to  the  love  of  his 
sister,  remarks,  that  "  dayly  experience  notifyeth 
to  the  world  your  noble  minde,  natural  loue,  and 
bountiful  liberalitie  towards  all  the  poore  Or- 
phanes  of  my  good  Lorde  his  and  our  noble 
mother,  since  hir  deceasse."  I  am  anxious  to  as- 
certain who  was  the  Lady  Anne  Dacre  of  the 
South,  and  also  the  noble  person  here  alluded  to 
in  this  dedication.  The  work  itself,  independently 
of  its  great  rarity  (an  imperfect  copy  in  the  Bod- 
leian Library  being  the  only  one  I  know  of  besides 
my  own,  also  wanting  the  title-page)  is  extremely 
curious,  consisting  of  five  Histories  or  Tales,  and 
is  interspersed  with  numerous  pieces  of  poetry, 
some  of  them  of  considerable  length.  See  Cens. 
Lit.,  vol.  i.  p.  158.  Sir  Henry  Wotton,  the  Pro- 
vost of  Eton,  was  only  ten  years  old  when  this 
work  was  published,  and  is  therefore  quite  out  of 
the  question.  I  know  of  only  one  other  Henry 
Wotton,  who  was  the  son  of  Dr.  Edward  Wotton, 
Fellow  of  Corpus  Ch.  Coll.,  Oxford,  and  physician 
to  King  Henry  VIH.  This  Henry  Wotton  was  a 
student  of  Ch.  Ch.,  Oxford,  and  was  afterwards 
Greek  Reader  and  Fellow  of  Corpus  Ch.  Coll.,  and 
like  his  father  became  celebrated  as  a  physician ; 
but  whether  he  was  the  author  of  this  work  or 


2nd  g.  No  48.,  Nov.  29.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


429 


not,  I  cannot  say  :  perhaps  some  of  your  readers 
may  be  able  to  supply  information  on  this  subject. 

Thomas  Cobseb. 
Stand  Rectory. 


JOHN   rOCKE   AND    FBEEMASONBY. 

In  an  Appendix  to  The  Spirit  of  Masonry,  by 
William  Hutchinson,  third  edit,  Edinbur<rh,  1813, 
is  given  "  A  Letter  from  the  learned  Mr.  John 
Locke  to  the  Right  Hon.  Thomas,  Earl  of  Pem- 
broke, with  an  old  Manuscript  on  the  subject  of 
Free  Masonry,"  as  follows  : 

"  May  6,  1G96,  My  Lord,  I  have  at  length  by  the  help 
of  Mr.  Collins  procured  a  copy  of  that  MS.  in  the  Bodleian 
Library  which  you  were  so  curious  to  see,  and  in  obedience 
to  your  lordship's  commands  I  herewith  send  it  to  you. 
Most  of  the  notes  annexed  toit  are  what  I  made  j'ester- 
day  for  the  reading  of  my  Lady  Masham,  who  is  become 
80  fond  of  Masonry,  as  to  say,  that  she  now  more  than 
ever  wishes  herself  a  man  that  she  might  be  capable  of 
admission  into  the  fraternity. 

"  The  MS.,  of  which  this  is  a  copy,  appears  to  be  about 
100  years  old  (as  your  Lordship  will  observe  by  the 
title)  ;  it  is  itself  a  copy  of  one  yei  more  ancient  by  100 
years,  for  the  original  is  said  to  have  been  the  hand- 
writing of  King  Henry  VI.  Where  that  prince  had  it  is 
at  present  an  uncertainty ;  but  it  seems  to  me  to  be  an 
examination  (taken  perhaps  before  the  King)  of  some 
one  of  the  brotherhood  of  Masons,  among  whom  he 
entered  himself,  as  it  is  said,  when  he  came  out  of  his 
minority,  and  thenceforth  put  a  stop  to  a  persecution  that 
had  been  raised  against  them ;  but  I  must  not  detain 
your  Lordship  longer  by  my  preface  from  the  thing  itself. 

"  I  know  not  what  effect  the  sight  of  this  old  paper 
may  have  upon  your  Lordship ;  but  for  my  part  I  cannot 
deny,  that  it  has  so  much  raised  my  curiosity  as  to  in- 
duce me  to  enter  myself  into  the  fraternity,  which  I  am 
determined  to  do  (if  1  may  be  admitted)  the  next  time 
I  go  to  London,  and  that  will  be  shortly.  I  am,  my 
Lord,  your  Lordship's  most  obedient  and  most  humble 
servant,  John  Locke." 

The  MS.  sets  forth  to  have  been  "  Writene  by 
the  hande  of  Kynge  Henrye  the  syxthe  of  the 
name,  and  faythfuUye  copyed  by  me,  Johan  Ley- 
lande  Antiquarius"  (who  "  was  (says  Mr.  Locke) 
appointed  by  King  Henry  VIII.  at  the  dissolution 
of  monasteries  to  search  for  and  save  such  Books 
and  records  as  were  valuable  among  them.  He 
was  a  man  of  great  labour  and  industry.") 
"  By  the  Command  of  His  Highnesse"  to  which 
Mr.  Locke  also  adds  this  illustrative  note  :  "  His 
Highnesse  meaning  the  said  King  Henry  VIII. 
Our  Kings  had  not  then  the  title  of  Majesty." 

Is  anything  farther  known  whether  the  author 
of  the  Essay  on  the  Human  Understanding,  whose 
conversion  was  thus  brought  round,  ever  fulfilled 
his  determination,  in  becoming  a  brother  of  "  the 
mystic  tie."  G.  N. 


Mitiat  caucrtcS. 
Recorder  of  London.  —  Can  any  of  the  corre- 
spondents of  "  N.  &  Q."  give  information  as  to 


the  custom  of  the  Recorder  of  the  City  of  London 
being  summoned  before  the  equity  judges  ?  On 
the  occasion  of  his  appearance  last  week,  it  was 
disputed  how  he  should  be  robed ;  and  after  long 
discussion  and  consideration,  scarlet  was  decided 
on.  The  only  instances  of  the  kind  I  can  find 
mentioned  in  any  of  the  books  is  one  about  a 
century  ago,  and  one  in  the  reign  of  Henry  VI. ; 
but  no  explanation  is  given,  I  want  to  know 
whether  there  are  any  records  of  the  fashion  of. 
his  robes  on  such  occasions?  and  whether  there 
are  any,  and  what,  cases  besides  those  before  men- 
tioned ?  T.  M.  M. 

Is  there  an  authorised  Version  of  the  Hebrew 
Scriptures  ?  —  Whilst  the  clergy  and  a  portion  of 
the  press  are  discussing  the  expediency  of  a  re- 
vision of  the  authorised  version  of  the  Bible,  it 
would  be  curious  to  know  whether  the  Jews,  the 
original  depositories  of  the  Hebrew  Scriptures, 
have  in  this  country  or  abroad  an  authorised 
version,  and  if  so,  what  authority  is  attached  to 
it  ?  Inquieer. 

Jewish  Versions  of  the  Hehrew  Scriptures.  — 
Are  these  versions,  in  the  various  modern  lan- 
guages, issued  by  authority  of  the  chief  priests 
and  rabbis,  and,  if  so,  what  comparative  repute  do 
they  bear  ? 

And  is  there  any  edition  put  forth  with  critical 
and  exegetical  apparatus,  similar  to  Bloomfield's 
or  Alford's  editions  of  the  New  Testament,  or 
with  any  commentary  ?  Delta. 

Derivation  of  Skoymus. — What  is  the  derivation 
and  precise  meaning  of  the  word  shoymus  f  It 
occurs  in  the  Te  Deum  :  "  Thou  wert  not  shoymus 
of  the  mayden's  wombe  to  dely  ver  mankynde." 

The  only  information  I  have  been  able  to  pro- 
cure is  that  the  word  skoymus  is  said  to  be  related 
to  the  German  scheuen,  Swedish  sky,  English  shy, 
French  eschever  (eschew).  To  the  learned  gen- 
tleman who  gave  me  the  above  I  suggested  that 
our  squeamish  might  have  something  to  do  with 
it ;  and  I  find  Chaucer  has 

"  But  soth  to  say  he  was  somdel  squaimoiis." 

(Moxon's  ed.  1848,  p.  25.)  But  squeamish,  which 
would  be  allied  to  ashamed  (ala-xww),  is  rather 
meagre  for 

"  Non  horruisti  Virginia  uterum." 

"  Thou  didst  not  abhor,  &c." 

J.  B.  Wilkinson. 

Theatrical  Property.  —  What  is  the  supposed 
amount  of  money  invested  in  theatrical  property 
in  the  United  Kingdom,  and  the  supposed  annual 
revenue  of  such  establishments  ?  T. 

Preston  Fitzgerald.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
give  me  any  information  regarding  Preston  Fitz- 
gerald, author  of  The  Spaniard  and  Siorlamh ;  a 


430 


:n'Otes  and  queries. 


[2nd  s.  N"  48.,  Nov.  29.  '66. 


traditional  tale  of  L-eland,  ttnth  other  Poems,  8vo., 
1810;  Spain  Delivered,  and  other  poems,  8vo., 
1813?  R.  IngliSo 

Punch  and  Judy.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
inform  me  of  the  origin  of  the  term  and  characters 
of  "  Punch  and  Judy  ?  " 

Mr.  Timbs,  in  his  work  entitled  Things  not  ge- 
nerally known,  says  : 

"  Punch  and  Judy  is  tlie  relic  of  an  ancient  mystery. 
'Pontius  eum  Judceis,'  or  Pontius  Pilate  with  the  Jews; 
particularly  in  reference  to  St.  Matt.,  xxvii.  19."* 

On  what  grounds  does  this  statement  rest,  and 
•where  can  I  obtain  some  more  satisfactory  and 
decisive  explanation  of  it  ?      Henry  H.  Godwin. 

42.  Upper  Gower  Street,  Bedford  Square. 

J.  N.  Barker.  —  Could  any  of  your  American 
readers  inform  me  whether  an  American  author  of 
the  name  of  J.  N.  Barker  is  still  living  ?  He 
wrote  The  Indian  Princess,  Marmion,  and  other 
dramas.  Mr.  Barker  was  an  alderman  of  Phila- 
delphia. R,  Inglis. 

Authorship  of  a  Poem  wanted.  —  Who  was  the 
author  of  a  poem  which  commences  — 

*'  Behold  this  ruin  !  'twas  a  skull, 
Once  of  ethereal  spirits  full,"  &c. 

and  which  is  said  to  have  been  found  in  the  ske- 
leton case  at  the  Royal  Academy.  A.  P. 

Armorial.  —  In  a  church  in  Leicestershire  I 
lately  met  with  the  following  arms,  impaled  on  the 
sinister  side  of  a  shield,  on  an  ancient  monument : 
Ermine,  two  chevronels,  gules.  If  any  of  your 
readers  would  inform  me  to  what  family  the  arms 
may  be  correctly  assigned,  I  should  feel  obliged. 

Jaytee. 

"  Olden  Times.'''  —  Who  is  the  author  of  Olden 
Times  ;  or  the  Rising  of  the  Session,  a  comedy, 
1841  ?  It  is  said  to  have  been  written  by  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Scottish  Supreme  Law  Courts. 

R.  Inglis. 

Ancient  Parliamentary  Speech.  —  I  think  the 
following  speech,  which  I  found  in  a  MS.  journal 
of  proceedings  in  Pai'liament  {circa  1630),  worthy 
of  preservation  ;  and  I  hope,  by  sending  it  to  "N. 
&  Q.,"  to  receive  some  information  both  as  to  the 
speaker  and  the  subject  of  his  speech  :  — 

«  June  9,  1628.  Sir  Robert  Mansfield  {loq.) 

"  In  King  James's  time  an  Ambassador  came ;  and  be- 
cause he  might  not  have  the  best  ship  to  carry  him  over 

r*  Mr.  Timbs  is  in  this  case  quoting,  we  believe,  from 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  l'«  S.  V.  GIO.  In  vol.  vi.  p.  43.  it  was  sug- 
gested that  Judy  was  a  corruption  of  Judas,  and  the 
original  querist  asked  for  his  authority,  and  at  p.  184.  ad- 
mitted he  had  received  it  on  oral  tradition,  and  could  not 
adduce  any.  Since  then  the  question,  which  is  a  very 
curious  one,  has  been  dropped.  We  are  glad  to  see  it 
thus  revived.  —  Ed.  "  N.  &  Q,."} 


he  went  in  a  ship  of  his  own ;  1  then  being  Admiral, 
made  my  Vice-Admiral  never  leave  shooting  at  hira  till 
he  took  in  his  flag." 

In  Rusliworth's  Collections,  vol.  i.  p.  285.,  he 
mentions  "  Sir  Robert  Mansfield's  fleet  upon  the 
coast  of  Spain,"  a.d.  1621  ;  and  in  p.  471.,  Sir 
Robert  Mansfield's  expedition  to  Algiers,  1621; 
but  in  the  same  vol.,  p.  34.,  "  Sir  Robert  Mansel 
sent  into  the  Mediterranean  seas,  a.d.  1621 ;"  and 
Camden  mentions  Sir  Robt.  Mansel's  departure  in 
August,  1620,  and  the  result  of  Sir  Robt.  Mawn- 
sell's  expedition  in  October,  1621. 

It  would  thus  appear  that  the  plain-spoken 
Admiral  was  called  indifferently  Mansel,  Maun- 
sell,  or  Mansfield ;  and  we  might  suppose  him  to 
be  of  the  Mansells  of  Carmarthenshire,  but  Willis, 
in  his  Notitia,  p.  175.,  Pari.  Anno  12  Jac.  I.  gives 
us,  as  members  of  Parliament  for  Carmarthen : 

"  Carmarthen  co.,  Robert  Mansell,  Knt. 

„         vil.,  Robert  Mansfield,  Knt." 

Query,  which  of  these  is  the  real  Simon  Pure  ? 
or  are  they  the  same  person,  and  Willis  in  error  ? 

Query  second,  who  was  the  "  Ambassador  In 
King  James's  time  ?"  and  is  the  incident  referred 
to  by  Sir  Robert  to  be  found  recorded  in  print  ? 

W.  K.  R.  B. 

Rhubarb,  when  introduced  ?  Charles  Bryant  of 
Norwich.  —  Is  it  known  when  rhubarb  was  first 
grovm  in  this  country  ?  I  have  seen  it  asserted 
that  1 790  is  the  year,  and  Tottenham,  in  Middle- 
sex, the  place.  This  cannot  be  tlie  case ;  for 
Bryant,  in  his  Escident  Plants,  1783,  mentions  it 
as  being  grown  in  England,  and  frequently  used 
for  tarts. 

Perhaps  some  of  your  botanical  readers  can  give  • 
further  particulars  as  to  Charles  Bryant  of  Nor- 
wich, and  the  period  of  his  death. 

Henry  T.  Rilet. 

Jacobite  Songs  :  Lord  Lovat.  —  At  the  trial  of 
Lord  Lovat,  in  1747,  for  his  connection  with  the 
Scottish  Rebellion  of  1745,  a  witness  deponed  — 

"  That  Lovat,  with  six  others,  signed  and  sealed  an 
association,  and  sent  it  to  Paris  and  Rome  by  Murray  of 
Broughton  in  1740,  the  purport  of  which  was  to  inform 
the  Pretender  of  their  readiness  to  appear  in  arms  for  his 
service  and  soliciting  an  invasion  from  France,  and  that 
these  persons  at  their  meetings  drank  healths  and  sung 
catches,  such  as,  Confusion  to  the  white  horse  arid  all  its 
generation,  and 

'  When  Jemmy  comes  o'er, 
JFe  shall  have  blood  and  blows  good  store,' 

which  last  were  originally  composed  in  Irish." — Scots 
Mag.  for  March,  1747. 

Can  any  of  your  correspondents  furnish  the 
remaining  lines  of  the  above-mentioned  ditties, 
or  say  where  the  latter  are  to  be  found  ?       G.  N. 

The  Sibyl.  —  On  the  fly-leaf  of  a  copy  of  The 
Curse  of  Kehama  I  find  a  note  referring  to  the 


2nd  s.  No  48.,  Nov.  29.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


431 


passage  in  which  Arvalan  complains  that  his  dis- 
embodied spirit  is  exposed  to  heat  and  cold.     It  is : 

"  So  Milton  and  the  Sibyl 
To  earth's  extremities  thrust  forth 
With  portals  open  to  the  north, 
And  windows  where  the  poisonous  rain 
Plashes  and  drips  thro'  every  pane ; 
Built  by  Niehdager's  murky  hands, 
By  Deadman's  pool  the  palace  stands. 
The  shore  is  strew'd  with  adder's  teeth, 
Half-frozen  eddies  spin  beneath. 
Floating  their  prey  to  Niehdag's  curs. 
Assassins,  cheats,  adulterers, 
Their  hateful  bodies  every  one. 
Picked  by  these  monsters  to  the  bone, 
While  their  uncoated  souls  are  sped 
To  the  grim  chambers  of  the  dead." 

Can  any  of  your  readers  refer  me  to  the  sibyl- 
line verses  in  the  original,  or  to  the  rest  of  the 
translation  ?  F-  M.  S. 

Reading. 

Clans  of  Scotland.  —  Can  any  of  the  readers  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  put  me  into  the  way  of  obtainino;  some^ 
information  respecting  the  clans  and  families  of 
Scotland,  and  also  inform  me  which  is  the  best 
source  to  look  to  for  a  good  account  of  Scotland 
in  the  tenth  century  ?  M'^  C. 

"  The  Ghost  Walks."  —  Can  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents inform  me  of  the  origin  of  the  stage 
slang  for  the  salaries  being  paid,  namely,  "The 
ghost  walks."  I  have  been  quite  unable  to  pro- 
cure any  information  on  the  subject.  D. 

Philosophers  alluded  to  ly  Dr.  Johnson.  —  Who 
are  Dr.  Johnson's  authorities  for  the  following  : 

"  It  is  said  by  modern  philosophers,  that  not  only  the 
great  globes  of  matter  are  thinly  scattered  through  the 
universe,  but  the  hardest  bodies  are  so  porous,  that  if  all 
matter  were  compressed  to  perfect  solidity,  it  might  be 
contained  in  a  cube  of  a  few  feet." 

T.  E.  N. 

Dialects.  — 

"  His  Lordship  then  proceeded  to  review  the  state  of 
literature  about  that  period,  showing,  from  the  literature 
of  both  countries,  produced  during  the  reign  of  Elizabeth, 
that  there  was  then  no  difference  in  the  dialects  of  Eng- 
land and  Scotland.  He  said,  our  English  friends  will 
think  I  am  encouraging,  not  nationality,  but  a  narrow 
spirit,  when  I  speak  a  word  in  favour  of  the  Scotch  dialect. 
We  cannot  speak  broad  Scotch  now.  England  is  the 
larger  country  of  the  two,  and  must  rule  us  in  that  re- 
spect. But  I 'mean  to  say,  that  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth 
there  was  not  much  distinction  of  dialects.  It  does  not 
appear  when  the  present  pronunciation  of  the  English 
language  came  into  fashion."  —  Times  Report, 

The  above  is  an  extract  from  a  speech  delivered 
by  the  Lord  Advocate  of  Scotland,  at  the  Falkirk 
School  of  Arts,  on  the  29th  ultimo.  I  shall  be 
obliged  by  you,  or  any  of  your  learned  readers, 
giving  me  a  reference  to  any  authority  in  support 
of  the  Lord  Advocate's  statement,  that,  in  the 


reign  of  Elizabeth,  the  dialects  of  England  and 
Scotland  were  identical.  But  what  does  his  Lord-, 
ship  mean  by  dialect  f  Does  he  contend  that  at 
the  period  alluded  to,  all  classes,  high  and  low, 
spoke  one  dialect?  and  what  was  that  dialect, 
Scotch  or  English  ?  Fba.  Mewburn. 

Larchfield,  Darlington. 

Arms  of  Sparrow  Families.  —  Cbux  (Oxon) 
will  be  glad  of  the  armorial  bearings  of  the  family 
of  Sparrow,  or  Sparrowe,  of  Bishton,  co.  Staff. ; 
also  Sparrow  of  Eylam,  or  Ham,  co.  Derby. 
1750,  et  seq. 

C.  C.  Coll.,  Oxon. 

"  Delia  Opinione,  Regina  del  Mondo.^^  —  In 
Thoughts  on  Religion,  by  Pascal  (edit.  Edin.  1751, 
p.  105.),  he  says : 

"  Opinion  is  the  universal  disposer  of  things ;  this 
makes  beauty  and  justice  and  happiness,  and  these  make 
all  that  is  excellent  upon  earth.  I  would  gladly  see  an 
Italian  piece,  of  which  I  know  only  the  title,  but  such  a 
title  as  is  worth  many  whole  books,  Delia  opinione,  regina 
del  mondo.  If  it  has  nothing  in  it  worse  than  this  title  I 
subscribe  to  it  heartily,  unseen." 

Can  the  work  to  which  the  distinguished 
author  refers  now  be  produced,  and  what  more 
particulars  respecting  it  ?  G.  N. 

"  Call  me  not  pale,  hut  /air."— Who  is  the  au- 
thor of  the  above  line,  and  where  is  it  to  be  found  ? 

C.  S.  G.  T. 

Edinburgh. 

The  Brittox,  a  street  In  Devizes,  Wiltshire,  so 
named.  What  is  the  derivation  or  meaning  of 
this  ?  .  R.  H.  B. 

Bath. 

Southej/s  Portugal.  —  I  should  be  glad  to  know 
if  there  is  any  hope  that  the  literary  executors  of 
the  late  Robert  Southey  will  publish  that  part  of 
his  "History  of  Portugal"  which  he  left  completed. 
Mr.  Warter  (Notes  to  Southey  s  Letters,  i.  96.) 
states  the  MSS.  to  extend  to  a  quarto  volume. 

W.  M.  M. 

Prideaux  Carew  MS.  —  Has  the  Prideaux  Ca- 
rew  MS.,  frequently  referred  to  by  Polwhele,  in 
his  History  of  Cornwall,  ever  been  published  ?  If 
not,  can  it  be  consulted  at  any  library,  or  is  it 
still  in  the  hands  of  a  private  individual  ? 

A  Half  Coknish  Man. 

"  PuUfor  Prime.'' — What  is  the  meaning  of  this 
phrase,  which  occurs  in  the  following  passages  : 

"  Piece-meal  he  gets  lands,  and  spends  as  much  time 
Wringing  each  acre,  as  maids  pulling  prime." 

Donne,  Sat.  ii.  86. 
"  Shepherds  are  honest  people  let  them  sing; 
Riddle  who  list,  for  me,  and  pull  for  Prime." 

Herbert's  poem,  "  Jordan."' 

J.  X. 


432 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"d  S.  No  48.,  Nov.  29.  '56. 


Oerman  Concordance.  —  Is  there  any  Con- 
cordance to  Luther's  translation  of  the  Scriptures 
ai!cessible  to  the  English  student  ?  Or  is  a  word 
only  to  be  found  by  turning  over  each  leaf  of  the 
Bible  successively  ?  Abachne. 


Dr.  Oeorge  Campbell.  —  In  the  BiograpTiie 
Universelle  a  certain  Discours  sur  les  Miracles  is 
attributed  to  Dr.  George  Campbell,  Professor  of 
Ecclesiastical  History  at  St.  Andrew's,  born  in 
1696,  and  deceased  in  1757.  Am  I  wrong  in  con- 
cluding that  there  is  a  confusion  in  this  statement, 
and  that  this  Dissertation  on  Miracles  should  have 
been  attributed  to  Dr.  George  Campbell,  Princi- 
pal of  Marischal  College,  Aberdeen,  born  in  1719 
and  deceased  in  1796  ?  Can  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents kindly  distinguish  between  these  two 
Dr.  George  Campbells,  and  give  me  any  inform- 
ation as  to  their  writings,  their  connexion  with 
each  other,  and  their  respective  descendants  ? 

C.  W.  B. 

[The  writer  of  the  article  in  the  Biographie  Universelle 
seems  to  Lave  confounded  Dr.  George  Campbell,  Principal 
of  Marischal  College,  and  author  of  Dissertation  on  Mira- 
cles, with  Dr.  Archibald  Campbell,  Eegius  Professor  of 
Divinity  in  the  University  of  St.  Andrew's,  and  author  of 
The  Authenticity  of  the  Gospel  History  Justified,  and  the 
Truth  of  the  Christian  Religion  Demonstrated  from  the 
Laws  and  Constitution  of  Human  Nature,  2  vols.  8vo. 
1759.  The  other  work  noticed  in  the  article,  Traite  sur 
la  Vertu  Morale,  is  attributed  by  Watt  to  the  Hon.  Archi- 
bald Campbell,  the  Nonjuror.  The  best  account  of  Dr. 
George  Campbell  will  be  found  ia  Chambers's  Biog.  Diet, 
of  Eminent  Scotsmen,  i.  175. :  see  also  Chalmers'  or  Rose's 
Biographical  Dictionary.^ 

Sir  Thomas  Remington,  of  Lund,  Knt.  —  Can 
any  of  your  correspondents  give  me  particulars  of 
Sir  Thomas  Remington,  of  Lund,  in  Yorkshire, 
living  about  the  year  1647  ;  the  names,  marriages, 
&c.  of  his  children,  of  whom  he  had  several,  and 
anything  of  interest  connected  with  them  ?  Is 
the  family  supposed  now  to  be  extinct,  and  if  not 
who  is  its  present  representative  ?  Any  one  who 
could  furnish  me  with  a  pedigree  of  the  family, 
or  indicate  where  such  could  be  obtained,  would 
render  me  a  service.  T.  P. 

Hull. 

[There  does  not  appear  to  be  any  pedigree  of  Reming- 
ton of  Lund  in  the  Visitations  of  Yorkshire.  There  is 
one  of  Remington  of  Garby,  co.  Yor.k  (Harl.  MS.  1487, 
fol.  491  6)  deduced  through  four  generations,  of  which  the 
last  three  are  of  the  date  1612.  In  it  is  included  Sir 
Robert  Remington  of  Saxay,  Bart.,  who  o.  s.  p.,  only  child 
of  John  Remington,  son  and  heir  of  Richard  Remington 
of  Garby,  eldest  son  of  Richard  Remington  of  Rascall,  in 
the  Forest  of  Galtress,  co.  York,  Gent,  with  whom  the 
pedigree  commences.  No  arms  are  assigned  in  the  Visit- 
ation pedigree  to  the  Remingtons.  In  Burke's  Armory 
the  Remingtons  of  Lund  are  named,  and  the  arms  as- 
signed to  them  are,  Barry  of  twelve,  argent  and  azure ; 


over  all  a  bend  gules.    Crest :  a  hand  erect,  holding  a 
broken  til  ting-spear,  all  proper.] 

Marazion.  —  Kingsley  states  in  Yeast  a  Pro- 
blem, p.  255.,  that  Marazion,  a  town  in  Cornwall, 
was  founded  by  Jews,  and  that  its  name  means 
the  Bitterness  of  Sion.     On  what  authority  ? 

Abhba. 

["  Jlarazion  (vulgo,  Market- jew')  the  sea-coast  market," 
says  Dr.  Pryce  in  his  Cornish  Vocabulary.  The  origin  of 
the  word,  however,  seems  to  have  baffled  our  antiquaries. 
'^  3Iarca-iewe,  signifies  in  English,  Market  on  the  Thurs- 
day "  (Norden,  p.  39.)  "  Marcaiew,  of  Marhas  Diew,  in 
English,  the  Thursdaies  market;  for  then  it  useth  this 
traffike."  (Carew,  p.  156.)  "  Marhiu,  Forum  Jovis,  quod 
ibi  Mercatus  die  Jovis  habeatur."  (Camden.)  "  The 
name  of  Market-jew  is  the  original  and  proper  designa- 
tion of  that  town,  which  had  a  market  conceded  to  it  in  a 
concession  to  the  Mount ;  while  the  name  of  Marazion  is 
the  designation  only  of  a  new,  a  Jewish,  and  a  western 
part."  (Leland,  Itin.,  vii.  117.)  See  Polwhele's  Cornwall, 
iii.  222.     Supp.  p.  13."] 

Quotation  wanted :  "  Carmine  di  superi,"  Sfc.  — 
Where  am  I  to  find  — 

"  Carmine  di  superi  placantur,  carmine  Manes  "  ? 

W.  T.  M. 
Hong  Kong. 
[See  Horace,  Epist.  lib.  ii.  ep.  i.  1. 138.] 

Martin  Expence.  —  I  should  be  glad  if  one  of 
your  readers  would  give  some  solution  to  the  fol- 
lowing, which  I  copied  from  a  brass  plate  in  the 
Lady  Chapel  in  Clewer  Church  some  time  since  : 

"  He  that  liethe  under  this  stone 
Shott  with  a  hundred  men  himselfe  alone ; 
This  is  trew  that  I  do  saye. 
The  niatche  was  shott  in  Ould  Fielde  at  Bray. 
I  will  tell  before  you  go  hence 
That  his  name  was  Martine  Expence." 

II.  c.  p. 

[None  of  the  toxophilite  brotherhood  seem  to  know 
any  thing  more  of  Martin  Expence  or  of  his  marvellous 
exploits,  than  what  is  told  in  the  indifferent  lines  of  his 
epitaph,  namely,  that  he  was  a  famous  archer  who  shot 
a  match  against  a  hundred  men,  near  Bray  iu  Berkshire.] 


COACH   MISERIES. 

(2'«i  S.  ii.  126.  313.) 

Some  allusions  having  been  made  in  "  N.  & 
Q."  to  the  miseries  and  inconveniences  of  coach 
travelling  in  former  days,  as  compared  with  the 
comfort,  speed,  and  facilities  of  the  present  rail- 
way system,  I  am  tempted  to  place  on  record  a 
memorable  journey  made  by  myself  in  1814  ;  the 
circumstances  attending  which  were  so  extraor- 
dinary, that  I  fear  they  will  hardly  obtain  credit 
with  those  who  have  been  born  since  the  intro- 
duction of  railways,  especially  when  it  is  considered 
that  the  same  journey,  which  here  took  two  days 


2nd  s.  NO  48.,  Nov.  29.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


433 


and  a  night  to  accomplish,  may  now  be  completed 
in  about  three  hours.  In  the  year  1814,  being 
then  a  student  at  Oxford,  accompanied  by  my 
sister,  who  was  going  to  pay  a  visit  to  some 
friends  in  London,  we  left  Shropshire  in  January, 
intending  to  pass  a  couple  of  days  on  our  way  with 
some  friends  at  Edgbaston,  near  Birmingham. 
The  weather  was  exceedingly  cold,  and  during 
our  stay  at  Edgbaston*  the  memorable  fall  of 
snow  took  place  which  blocked  up  all  the  roads 
between  Birmingliam  and  London,  the  drifts 
about  Dunchurch  being  twenty-four  feet  deep, 
and  all  travelling  and  communication  was  com- 
pletely at  an  end.'  It  was  fortunate  for  us,  under 
these  circumstances,  that  we  were  so  comfortably 
housed,  without  the  expense  and  discomfort  of 
remaining  at  an  inn  during  that  inclement  season. 
For  several  days  did  I  come  down  to  Birmingham 
every  morning  to  inquire  into  the  state  of  the 
roads,  and  when  the  travelling  was  likely  to  be 
resumed,  —  but  all  to  no  purpose.  I  was  extremely 
anxious  to  get  to  my  journey's  end,  not  only  be- 
cause Term  had  commenced,  and  I  was  fearful  of 
losing  its  benefit,  but  also  because  I  was  preparing 
for  my  examination  for  the  degree  of  B. A.,  which 
was  shortly  to  come  on.  Notwithstanding,  how- 
ever, the  labour  that  was  employed  in  clearing  the 
roads,  the  drifts  were  so  deep,  and  had  so  com- 
pletely choked  up  the  way,  especially  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  Long  Compton,  and  from  there 
to  Chapel  House  in  Oxfordshire,  that  several  days 
elapsed  before  a  way  was  cut  through.  At  last 
tidings  came  that  the  road  was  clear,  and  that  the 
coaches  would  commence  running  again.  We 
left  Birmingham  in  one  of  the  first  that  went,  con- 
taining six  inside,  including,  besides  my  sister  and 
myself,  an  elderly  benevolent-looking  gentleman, 
a  young  man,  and  two  females.  With  great  diffi- 
culty we  got  to  Stratford-upon-Avon,  twenty-two 
miles,  the  first  day,  and  had  to  stay  there  at  an 
inn  all  night.  The  second  day  we  started  early, 
and  in  going  along  —  the  track  that  was  cut 
through  the  drift  being  only  wide  enough  for  one 
coach  —  we  met  the  Shrewsbury  and  Holyhead 
mail,  the  first  coach  which  had  left  London,  and 
which  diverging  a  little  on  one  side  to  accommo- 
date us,  was  thrown  over  into  the  drift,  and  we 

*  I  was  in  the  habit  of  staying  at  Edgbaston  on  my 
way  to  and  from  Oxford,  and  another  late  discussion  in 
«N.  &  Q."  ("  Wager  of  Battel,"  2°d  s.  ii.  241.)  reminds 
me  tliat  I  happened  to  be  stopping  there  on  the  very  day 
that  Mary  Ashford  was  murdered  by  Abel  Thornton.  A 
few  friends  had  been  invited  to  meet  me,  and  we  were 
waited  upon  by  a  nice-looking  young  woman,  a  sister  of 
Mary  Ashford ;  and  I  well  recollect  our  being  cautioned 
not  to  allude  to  the  shocking  occurrence  which  had  taken 
place —  the  lady  of  the  house  wishing  to  postpone  the  com- 
munication of  the  event  till  the  company  had  left,  fearing 
the  effect  it  might  have  upon  her  sister,  and  being  anxious 
to  break  it  to  her  in  the  kindest  and  best  manner  she  was 
able. 


all  had  to  turn  out  and  help  to  raise  the  coach 
again,  being  nearly  buried  ourselves  in  the  snow. 
This  was  a  work  of  some  labour  and  time  before 
it  was  accomplished.  As  we  approached  Long 
Compton  the  drifts  were  still  heavier,  and  near  to 
Cliapel  House,  the  road  itself  being  so  much  below 
the  land  on  each  side,  the  snow  had  completely 
filled  it  up ;  and  as  the  more  easy  plan  of  getting 
along,  the  hedges  which  divided  the  fields  had  been 
levelled,  the  ditches  filled  up,  and  for  nearly  seven 
miles  the  coach  pursued  its  slow  progress  over  the 
furrows  of  the  corn  fields,  and  in  one  place 
through  a  farm-yard.  Having  been  once  nearly 
overturned  ourselves,  which  caused  another  long 
stoppage,  wet  with  our  exertions  in  the  snow, 
tired  and  benumbed  with  cold,  we  arrived  in  Ox- 
ford about  five  o'clock  on  the  evening  of  the 
second  day.  My  sister  was  exceedingly  distressed 
at  parting  with  me  there,  and  also  at  not  having 
been  able  to  communicate  with  her  friends  in 
London,  who  were  expecting  her  arrival ;  and  I 
felt  uncomfortable  at  being  obliged  to  leave  her 
with  the  prospect  of  travelling  all  night  in  such 
an  inclement  season  among  entire  strangers. 
Having  been  assured,  however,  by  the  elderly 
gentleman,  with  whose  kindness  and  attention  we 
had  been  much  pleased,  that  he  would  not  leave 
her,  whatever  hour  they  might  arrive  in  London, 
till  he  had  safely  deposited  her  with  her  friends,  I 
became  more  reconciled.  She  arrived  early  on 
the  morning  of  the  third  day  before  daylight, 
without  any  more  perils,  and  having  knocked  up 
her  friends,  the  gentleman  fulfilled  his  promise  by 
safely  leaving  her  with  them  ;  and  on  taking  his 
departure,  only  begged  in  return  that  she  would 
favour  him  with  a  call  during  her  stay  in  London, 
as  he  had  become  deeply  interested  about  her, 
from  her  great  resemblance  to  a  dear  and  favour- 
ite daughter  whom  he  had  lately  lost.  It  is 
hardly  necessary  to  add  that  the  visit  was  gladly 
paid. 

The  reader  will  remember  tliat  it  was  during 
this  time  in  the  same  year,  1814,  that  the  Thames 
was  frozen  over,  and  the  great  fair  held  on  the 
ice,  and  that  so  severe  a  winter  had  not  been 
known  for  forty  years.  The  snow  plough  was  first 
used  on  this  occasion.  T.  C. 


"candide"  and  "the  quarterly  review." 

(2"'i  S.  il.  349.) 

I  have  the  edition  of  Candide  mentioned  by 
your  correspondent,  published  in  1759,  where  the 
passage  referred  to  stands  thus : 

"  Quel  est  done,  disaient  les  cinq  Rois,  ce  simple  par- 
ticulier  qui  est  en  ^tat  de  donner  cent  fois  autant  que 
chacun  de  nous  et  qui  le  donne." 

I  have  also  a  translation  published  by  C.  Cooke, 


434 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"dS,  No48,Nov.  29. '56. 


Paternoster  Row,  without  date ;  but  probably 
about  1809,  in  which  these  words  are  translated 
as  follows : 

"  '  Who  can  this  private  person  be,'  said  the  five 
princes,  'who  is  able  to  give,  and  has  given,  an  hundred 
times  as  much  as  any  of  us  ?' " 

Various  additions  appear  to  have  been  made  to 
Candide  at  different  times,  as  in  this  translation 
occur  several  passages  which  are  not  in  the  French 
edition  I  have  mentioned.  This  edition  does  not 
contain  the  second  part,  which  is  introduced  in 
the  translation  with  the  following  note : 

"  It  was  thought  that  Dr.  Kalph  had  no  intention  to 
carry  on  his  Treatise  of  Optimism  any  further,  and  there- 
fore it  was  translated  and  published  as  a  complete  piece ; 
but  Ralph,  spirited  up  by  the  little  cabals  of  the  German 
universities,  added  a  second  part,  which  we  have  caused 
to  be  translated  to  satisfy  the  impatience  of  the  public, 
and  especially  of  such  who  are  diverted  with  the  witti- 
cisms of  Master  Alibron ;  who  know  what  a  Merry- An- 
drew is,  and  who  never  read  the  Journal  of  Trevoux." 

(Query,  What  does  the  last  portion  of  this  note 
refer  to  ?) 

It  seems  probable,  from  this  and  other  addi- 
tions in  the  translation  (ex.  gr.  the  scene  with  the 
marquise  after  the  theatre),  that  further  inter- 
polations may  have  been  afterwards  made,  and 
that  the  words,  "Are  you  also  a  king?"  &c., 
quoted  by  the  Quarterly  reviewer,  were  inserted 
in  some  edition  subsequent  to  this  translation, 
though  I  have  never  seen  them  ;  and  I  agree  with 
your  correspondent,  rather  than  with  the  reviewer, 
tliat  they  are  wanting  in  the  dry  smartness  and 
humour  of  Voltaire.  The  translation  from  which 
I  have  quoted  was,  not  improbably,  made  from 
the  Faris  edition  of  1809.  W.  R.  M. 


In  my  edition  of  Les  Romans  de  Voltaire.,  Paris, 
de  Timprimerie  de  Pierre  Didot,  An.  8,  1800,  the 
remark  of  Candide,  eulogised  by  the  reviewer  in 
the  Quarterly,  is  not  to  be  found. 

Such  an  observation  would  not  have  been  in 
good  taste  when  addressed  to  several  unfortunate 
monarchs,  whose  only  solace  in  their  present 
misfortunes  was  the  recollection  of  their  former 
dignity.  Anon. 


WHICH   IS    THE    QTJEKCUS   ROBUE  ? 

(2"''  S.  ii.  309.  358.) 

I  am  obliged  to  Mr.  Frebe  for  his  Note  in  an- 
swer to  my  Query,  but  it  does  not  give  me  any 
information  on  the  subject.  Evelyn  was  more  a 
lover  of  trees  than  a  botanist,  and  does  not  give 
what  I  wish  to  have ;  neither  does  Low  in  his  ex- 
cellent work  on  Landed  Property,  as  far  as  my 
memory  serves  me.  Selby's  Forest  Trees  I  do 
not  know,  and  have  no  present  means  of  access 
to.    And  the  forty  references  to  the  Gardeners 


Chronicle,  extending  over  a  period  of  sixteen 
years,  are  equally  inaccessible  to  me.  I  conclude 
a  considerable  discussion  has  taken  place  on  this 
subject  in  its  columns.  If  Mr.  Frere  will  inform 
the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  what  result  has  been 
arrived  at,  I  am  sure  they  will  forgive  him,  even 
if  he  does  give  them  some  long  extracts  from  what 
has  already  appeared  in  print.  When  the  late 
Mr.  Loudon  published  his  Arboretum,  the  con- 
clusion I  came  to  was,  that,  with  all  the  pains  he 
had  taken,  he  could  not  solve  the  question  satis- 
factorily as  to  which  is  the  true  Quercus  robur. 
Mr.  Rivers,  the  intelligent  nurseryman  of  Saw- 
bridgeworth,  Herts,  gave  me  the  following  in- 
formation some  few  years  since  : 

"  The  Quercus  mas  is  the  Q.  sessiliflora  of  modern  au- 
thors. It  may  still  be  seen  in  the  remains  of  a  wood  at 
Norwood.  It  is  very  rare  in  the  eastern  counties.  It  is 
frequently  seen  in  Devonshire;  on  the  banks  of  the  Dart, 
going  from  Totness  to  Dartmouth,  it  is  common ;  in  Sus- 
sex it  is  not  uncommon.  In  the  forest  of  Fontainbleau, 
among  the  sandstone  rocks,  and,  indeed,  in  all  parts  of  the 
forest,  the  oaks  are  Q.  sessiliflora.  The  trees  are  very 
lofty,  but  not  umbrageous  like  Q.  pedunculata.  I  faucietl 
I  saw  some  hybrids  in  the  borders  of  the  forest." 

I  have  two  trees  of  the  Q.  sessiliflora  raised 
from  seed  and  planted  seventy  or  eighty  years 
since. by  my  grandfather,  and  near  them  is  another 
oak  that  seems  a  hybrid,  also  planted  at  the  same 
time.  The  foliage  of  the  Q.  sessiliflora  is  dark, 
more  regularly  indented  and  more  beautiful  than 
the  Q.  pedunculata,  the  common  oak  of  Essex. 
To  ornamental  planters  I  should  recommend 
them,  but  doubt  their  growing  as  freely  as  the 
Q.  pedunculata.  I  hope  some  of  your  country 
readers  will  observe  any  fine  trees,  and  make  a 
Note.  A.  Holt  White. 


In  my  rambles  through  Ugbrooke  Park,  in  the 
parish  of  Chudleigh,  Devon,  where  there  are 
great  numbers  of  this  tree,  the  old  English  oak, 
many  of  them  centuries  old,  as  well  as  some  of  the 
Quercus  sessiliflora,  I  have  this  day  collected 
acorns  of  botli  trees ;  those  from  the  Q.  robur 
have  long  stalks  from  the  cup  or  calix,  whilst  the 
others  are  so  sessile  as  scarcely  to  show  any  stalk 
at  all.  Some  very  large  trees  of  the  Q.  robur  are 
growing  on  the  vallum  of  an  old  British  encamp- 
ment in  the  park,  which  must  have  sprung  up 
there  years  after  it  had  ceased  to  be  the  outwork 
of  the  camp,  the  old  ivy  encircling  some  of  them 
having  a  circumference  of  thirty-six  inches  and 
upwards  in  its  stalk.  The  Q.  robur  is  preferred 
by  all  workers  in  hard  wood  for  houses,  ships, 
waggons,  machinery,  &c.  It  is  a  large  and  hand- 
some tree,  growing  fifty,  and  even  one  hundred 
feet  high,  with  a  rough  bark,  widely  extended 
branches,  which  are  nearly  horizontal,  and  some- 
what zigzag.  The  leaves  are  alternate  and  nearly 
sessile,  with  a  single  mid-rib,  and  veins  passing 


2nd  s.  No  48.,  Nov.  29.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


435 


into  each  lobe,  the  petioles  very  small,  of  a  red- 
dish green.  The  best  account  of  both  these 
British  oaks  that  has  ever  been  written  is  given 
in  Mr.  Loudon's  Arboretum  et  Fruticetum  Britan- 
nicuvi.  In  that  excellent  work  Mr.  Loudon  has 
brought  together  and  arranged  everything  that  is 
known  at  present  respecting  the  geography,  his- 
tory, biography,  properties,  uses,  propagation, 
culture,  statistics,  &c.,  of  this  "  King  of  the  Fo- 
rest," with  descriptions  and  portraits  of  all  the 
most  remarkable  specimens  of  it.  The  British 
oak  alone  occupies  112  closely  printed  pages. 

Much  valuable  information  also  may  be  ob- 
tained from  Dr.  Withering's  Botanical  Arrange- 
ments, seventh  edition,  and  from  Miss  Kent's 
Sylvan  Sketches.  W.  Collyns. 

Chudleigh. 


"  CARMINA   QUADEAGESIMAIilA.." 

(2""^  S.  ii.  355.) 

The  information,  which  our  correspondence  has 
elicited,  concerning  the  authorship  of  these  poems, 
is  a  proof  of  the  great  advantage  of  such  a  pub- 
lication as  "N.  &  Q."  I  beg  to  thank  B.  IST.  C. 
for  the  lists  which  he  has  furnished ;  but  I  must 
express  a  hope  that  something  more  may  yet  be 
found.  There  must  be  other  copies  of  these  books 
in  existence,  containing  the  names  of  the  authors. 
I  am  not  disposed  to  let  the  matter  rest  without 
another  effort  to  get  more  information.  It  is  very 
desirable  to  reduce  the  long  list  of  anonymous 
poems ;  and  also  to  clear  away,  as  far  as  possible, 
the  variations  between  B.  N.  C.'s  lists  and  my 
own.  The  name  which  I  wrote  as  Tubb  may  be 
Jubb,  as  it  appears  in  B.  N.  C.'s  copy.  The  ini- 
tial letter  in  mine  may  be  taken  either  for  J.  or 
T.  It  is  written,  however,  exactly  in  the  same 
form  in  the  name  of  Thomas,  No.  41.  It  was 
this  that  made  me  decide  in  favour  of  Tubb. 

These  poems  must  now  be  getting  scarce. 
Would  not  a  new  and  neat  edition  of  them  be 
acceptable  ?  They  were  much  used  in  the  school 
here  in  my  time.  W.  H.  Gunner. 

Winchester. 


CAN  INCUBATING  PARTRrOGES  BE  SCENTED  BY 
DOGS  ?        ^ 

(2°^  S.  ii.  350.) 

Although  an  old  sportsman  I  have  never  known 
this  question  raised  before.*  I  can  easily  see, 
however,  that  dogs  may  have  great  difficulty  in 
scenting  a  partridge  whilst  sitting  on  its  nest,  be- 
cause it  has  long  remained  without  moving  from 

*  In  my  experience  it  has  ever  been  the  practice  not  to 
permit  any  dog  to  beat  any  field  during  the  breeding 
season. 


it.  I  have  often  noticed  the  difficulty  dogs  have 
in  finding  a  bird  which  has  been  killed  so  per- 
fectly dead  as  not  to  move  after  it  has  fallen. 
Where  a  bird  has  spired  (i.  e.  gone  straight  up 
into  the  air)  in  consequence  of  being  wounded  in 
the  back,  and  fallen  dead,  I  have  many  a  time 
seen  it  lying  on  the  bare  ground,  and  have  seen 
my  dogs  pass  and  repass  close  to  it  without  scent- 
ing it  at  all ;  indeed,  I  do  not  remember  a  dog 
ever  finding  such  a  bird,  unless  he  actually  saw  it.* 
In  these  cases  it  may  be  said  the  bird  is  dead,  and 
therefore  there  is  no  scent ;  but  every  sportsman 
knows  how  frequently  dogs  pass  close  to  hares  in 
their  forms  without  perceiving  them,  especially  in 
the  earlier  part  of  the  season.  I  never  have  been 
able  to  determine  with  certainty  on  what  scent 
depends.  I  suspect  it  is  left  by  the  feet  of 
animals  and  birds  on  the  ground  as  they  move.  If 
it  were  their  breath,  on  a  windy  day  it  would  be 
carried  away. 

On  sundry  occasions  I  have  remarked  that  par- 
tridges make  their  nests  by  the  sides  of  public 
roads.  I  remember  a  nest  in  a  small  patch  of 
gorse  between  the  footpath  and  carriage  track  of 
the  same  public  road,  and  two  years  ago  I  had 
one  covey  bred  in  a  hedge  by  the  side  of  a  foot- 
path, and  another  in  the  hedge  by  the  side  of  a 
carriage  road.  Partridges,  however,  are  not  sin- 
gular in  this  respect.  Magpies,  chaffinches,  yel- 
low-hammers, and  other  birds,  seem  equally  prone 
to  prefer  the  proximity  of  a  public  road  for  their 
nests.  C.  S.  Greaves. 


I  am  very  sceptical  on  this  subject.  As  an  old 
sportsman,  I  know  a  good  dog  will  often  go 
within  a  very  short  distance  of  a  single  bird,  when 
perfectly  still,  without  winding  it.  I  have  often 
seen  this  with  wounded  birds.  A  bird  moving 
seems  to  give  more  scent.  After  all  no  one 
knows  anything  about  scent :  it  is  beyond  the 
knowledge  of  the  oldest  sportsman.  "  A  southerly 
wind  and  a  cloudy  sky  "  will  not  always  prove  a 
hunting  morning.  A.  HoiiT  White. 


elephants  exasperated  by  blood  of  mul- 
berries, ETC. 

(2"'^  S.  ii.  388.) 

Your  correspondent  Belphos  inquires  for  the 
authority  of  Dr.  Henry  More  for  stating,  in  his 
Enthnsiasmus  Triumphatus,  that  elephants  in  bat- 
tle are  provoked  by  spreading  before  them  the 

*  Birds  spire  from  two  causes,  a  wound  in  the  head, 
and  a  wound  in  the  back ;  in  the  latter  case  they  bleed 
internalh',  and  always  fall  dead ;  in  the  former  they  seem 
to  fall  dead,  but  after  falling  nearly  to  the  ground  skim 
along  the  surface  to  some  hedge,  &c.,  and  are  generally, 
if  not  always,  found  alive.    I  once  saw  a  pheasant  spire. 


436 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  No  48.,  Nov.  29.  '56. 


blood  of  mulberries.  He  will  find  the  curious 
passage  in  the  account  of  the  war  waged  by  An- 
tiochus  Epiphanes  and  Eupator  against  the  Jews, 
given  by  the  unknown  author  who  wrote  the  First 
Book  of  Maccabees : 

«  To  the  end  that  they  might  provoke  the  elephants  to 
fight,  they  showed  them  the  blood  of  grapes  and  of  mul- 
berries."—  1  Mac.  vi.  34. 

Dr.  More,  by  using  the  expression  spread  "  be- 
fore" the  elephants,  evidently  takes  the  word 
"  showed  "  in  the  English  translation  in  its  literal 
sense,  and  infers  that  the  sight  of  red  juice  or 
blood  of  grapes  and  mulberries  may  have  served 
to  exasperate  the  animal.  But  the  word  in  the 
Septuagint  (t56i|af),  which  is  rendered  "  showed  " 
in  the  JEnglish  version,  is  to  be  construed  as  phy- 
sicians do,  when  they  talk  of  "  exhibiting  medi- 
cines "  to  their  patients.  It  means  that  the  ele- 
phants were  made  furious  by  forcing  them  to 
drink  wine,  of  grapes  or  mulberries.  In  this  in- 
stance the  Third  Book  of  Maccabees  is  the  best 
scholium  on  the  First.  It  is  not  printed  in  our 
Apocrypha,  but  will  be  found  in  the  Greek  Sep- 
tuagint ;  and  in  describing  the  persecution  of  the 
Jews  at  Alexandria  by  Ptolemy  Philopator,  B.C. 
210,  the  author  relates  (ch.v.  v.  2.)  that  the  king, 
preparatory  to  causing  them  to  be  trampled  to 
death  by  elephants  in  the  hippodrome,  ordered 
Hermo,  their  keeper,  to  dose  them  (jroTltxai)  the  day 
before  with  frankincense  and  undiluted  wine,  and 
the  order  was  obeyed  by  that  officer  : 

"  'O  Se  'Ep/iwi'  TOWS  arrj^eeis  IXeSavrag  iroTiVas  TreirXijpu^e- 
vovi  T^s  Tov  oivov  TToAA^s  xopiY''"'*' '  —  lb.  v.  2, 

And  the  potion  was  repeated  (v.  45.)  till  the  ele- 
phants were  excited  to  madness  by  the  wine ;  but 
instead  of  trampling  the  Jews,  they  spent  their 
fury  on  the  armed  troops  and  guards,  of  whom 
they  destroyed  numbers. 

A  later  authority  is  Phile,  a  Greek  of  Constan- 
tinople, and  a  contemporary  of  Dante  and  Pe- 
trarch, who  dedicated  to  Andronicus  II.  a  poem 
on  the  elephant,  in  the  course  of  which  he  says, — 

"  Olvov  fie  TOf  T0<T0VT0V  ev<j>pa.Cvei,  Kv\t,^ 
'Of  6  TpvyriTrfp  sKKevol  rSiv  ^orpvoiv 
'OpeKTiSiv  Se  Koi  (T(j>aSa^(av  eU  p-axr^v 
Tbv  otTrb  K<otov  KaX  tov  awo  <j>oi.viKbiv 
Kai  T^s  opiifrjs  eKpo<j>el  t-^s  aypi'as, 
'Os  av  6  dvfioi  aKp<xT(os  VTTO^eiov 
'AfTieTTaTixoij  KapSiioTTCiv  bipvvri." 

Phile  most  probably  borrowed  much  of  his  de- 
scription of  the  habits  of  the  elephant  from^lian, 
but  I  have  not  his  work  De  Natura  Anwialium  at 
hand,  to  examine  whether  he  mentions  this  parti- 
cular of  the  administering  of  wine. 

J.  Emeeson  Tennent. 


PHOTOGRAPHIC   NOTES. 


Delamotte's  Oxymel  Process.  —  When  a  practised  pho- 
tographer like  Mr.  Delamotte  expresses  his  belief  of 
any  novelty  in  the  art,  that  it  is  undoubtedly  the  most 


valtiable  discovery  that  has  been  made  since  Mr.  Scott 
Archer  introduced  collodion,  photographers  may  well  feel 
assured  that  it  deserves  their  attention :  and  that  being 
the  case  with  regard  to  the  use  of  oxymel,  as  suggested 
by  Mr.  Llewellyn,  our  photographic  friends  will  be  glad  to 
know  that  Mr.  Delamotte  has  published  a  little  treatise 
upon  the  subject.  The  Oxymel  Process  in  Photography, 
by  P.  Delamotte,  will  enable  them  to  try  for  themselves 
the  advantages  of  a  discovery  by  which,  to  use  Mr.  Dela- 
motte's words,  "  all  the  beautiful  delicac}'  of  the  finest 
collodion  pictures  may  be  obtained  with  the  convenience 
of  the  paper  process,  and  with  much  more  certainty  and 
much  greater  ease." 

Howlett  071  Printing  Photographs.  —  What  we  have  just 
said  with  reference  to  Mr.  Delamotte  is  applicable  to  Mr. 
Howlett.  This  gentleman  has  been  so  successful  as  a 
photographer,  and  as  a  printer  of  photographs  —  for  some 
copies  of  architectural  drawings  bj"^  Indian  artists  which 
we  have  seen  lately,  copied  and  printed  by  him,  we  reckon 
among  the  triumphs  of  photography  —  that  his  sugges- 
tions as  to  the  best  mode  of  multiplj'ing  photographs 
must  command  attention;  and  there  can  be  no  doubt 
that  the  brochure  which  he  has  just  published  On  the 
various  Methods  of  Printing  Photographic  Picttires,  with  a 
few  Hints  on  their  Preservation,  well  deserves  the  perusal 
of  all  who  have  negatives  of  which  they  desire  to  multiply 
impressions. 

3IauU  and  Polyblank's  "Living  Celebrities."  —  We  have 
received  two  more  numbers  of  this  very  interesting  series 
of  portraits.  The  first  gives  us  a  portrait  of  the  great 
sculptor,  Edward  Hodges  Baily,  whose  "  Eve  at  the 
Fountain  "  is  dear  to  all  lovers  of  the  beautiful.  The  next 
furnishes  us  with  a  portrait  of  Samuel  Warren,  whoso 
"  Diary  of  a  late  Phj'sician,"  and  "  Ten  Thousand  a  Year," 
are  familiar  to  all  readers.  Both  portraits  are  of  great 
interest ;  and  when  we  consider  what  we  would  give  for 
such  a  truthful  series  of  the  notables  of  the  reigns  of 
Elizabeth  or  Anne,  we  may  anticipate  the  delight  with 
which  future  generations  will  regard  these  "  Living  Ce- 
lebrities "  of  the  age  of  Victoria. 


3RtpIicsf  ta  Minat  eEucrte^. 

Scriptural  Legends  on  English  Coins  (2"'^  S.  I. 
313.  358.)  —  It  is  not  improbable  that  the  legend 
"  Jesus  autem  transiens,"  &c.  —  "  But  Jesus,  pass- 
ing through  the  midst  of  tliem,  went  his  way,"  — 
may  have  been  adopted  by  Edward  III.,  in  thank- 
ful remembrance  of  his  deliverance  from  the  hands 
of  his  mother  and  her  "  sweet  Mortimer  ; "  and  of 
the  peculiar  circumstances  under  which  they  were 
surprised  by  him  and  Lord  Montacute,  who  made 
his  way  into  the  interior  of  Nottingham  Castle 
through  the  subterraneous  passage  since  known  as 
"  Mortimer's  Hole."  I  am  aware  that  some  thir- 
teen years  intervened.  Henkt  T.  Rilet. 

Derivation  of  Folly"  (2'"»  S.  ii.  349.)  —  C.  W. 
Bingham  is  certainly  mistaken.  I  have  myself 
witnessed  the  birth  and  baptism  of  two  or  three  of 
those  structures,  popularly  and  justly  enough, 
called  Follies,  —  foolish  extravagance  !  The  word 
foillies,  cited  by  C.  W.  Bingham,  is  of  an  entirely 
different  derivation  and  meaning ;  it  is  only  old 
French  for  feuilles,  leaves,  from  the  Greek  (pvWoy, 


2ad  g.  N»  48.,  Nov.  29.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


437 


and  the  Latin  folium.  In  Cole's  Old  English 
Dictionary  we  find  '■'■  foils,  leaves  ; "  and  it  is  still 
in  common  use  amongst  us  in  its  secondary  sense 
of  any  thin  substance :  so  that  the  phrase  leges  a 
foillies  means  only  "  bowers  of  leaves."  The 
English  fool,  French  fol  and  fou,  and  their  de- 
rivatives, are  suppoaed  to  be  of  northern  origin. 

C, 

Fernando  Colombo  and  Henry  VII.  (2""^  S.  ii. 
170.)  —  Your  correspondent  will  find  some  in- 
teresting information  on  this  subject  in  Sharon 
Turner's  History  of  England,  reign  of  Richard  III. 
If,  as  that  author  suggests,  Christopher  Columbus 
(under  the  name  of  Colon)  was  in  the  service  of 
Richard  III.,  his  brother  could  hardly  expect  to 
find  a  very  favourable  reception  from  Henry  VII. 
I  believe  I  am  correct  in  stating  that  the  office 
supposed  by  the  historian  to  have  been  held  by 
Columbus  was  the  governorship  of  Richborough 
Castle,  in  Kent.  Hbnry  T.  RiiiEV. 

Dramatic  Works:  "The  Unknown"  (P' S.  xi. 
444.)  —  The  drama  entitled  The  Unknown  was 
written  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Vardill,  and  was  per- 
formed at  the  Surrey  Theatre  in  1819.  Dr.  Var- 
dill (who  died  in  1811)  was  rector  of  Skirbeck 
and  Fishtoft,  in  the  county  of  Lincoln.  Dr.  V.'s 
daughter,  Miss  Anna  Jane  Vardill,  is  the  author 
of  The  Pleasures  of  Human  Life,  a  poem  published 
in  1812.  R.  Inglis. 

Posture  during  the  "  Sursum  Corda "  and  the 
"  Sanctus  "  (2"'*  S.  ii.  68.)  —  The  proper  posture 
of  persons  during  the  Sursum  Corda  and  the 
Sa7ictus  is  standing.  Such  has  been  the  custom 
from  the  earliest  times  of  the  Church.  Likewise 
the  posture  during  the  Psalms  and  Lessons  should 
be  the  contrary :  sitting  for  the  Psalms,  and  stand- 
ing for  the  Lessons.  Notsa. 

"  Fagot,  fcatum;'  Sfc.  (2"'^  S.  i.  236.)  —  It  is 
more  than  hinted  that  there  is  "  no  instance  of  i 
and  a  being  confounded  in  etymology."  By  con- 
found I  suppose  is  here  meant  interchange ;  and  if 
so  be,  may  I  suggest  to  your  correspondent  the 
word  language  itself,  which  forms  a  double  instance, 
lingua,  language,  lingo,  and  slang ;  also  superficies, 
surface,  salient,  resilient,  sine,  sans,  &c. ;  and  also 
among  the  Teutonic  derivatives,  band,  bind,  nacht, 
night,  &c.  ?  I  could  enumerate  many  more,  but 
these  may,  perhaps,  suffice.  C.  De  la  Pryme. 

Tothill  Pedigree  (2"'i  S.  ii.  372.)  — Though  un- 
able to  furnish  the  pedigree,  I  am  enabled  to  give 
A.  some  particulars,  touching  this  family,  from 
Lipscomb's  Buckinghamshire : 

«  In  the  time  of  Q.  Elizabeth,  the  family  of  Tothill  had 
acquired  from  the  Cheynes  the  manor  of  Shardeloes  (not 
Shardelces).  William  Tothill,  Esq.,  who  was  one  of  the 
Six  Clerks  in  Chancery,  and  married  Catherine,  daughter 


of  Sir  John  Denham,  Knt.,  appears  to  have  resided 
at  Shardeloes.  They  had  the  extraordinary  number 
of  thirty-three  children.  Joane,  the  eldest  daughter 
and  co-heiress,  was  married  to  Francis  Drake,  Esq.,  of 
Esher  in  Surrey,  a  Gentleman  of  the  Privy  Chamber  to 
K.  James  I."  — Vol.  iii.  pp.  153,  164. 

This  unfortunate  lady,  soon  after  her  marriage, 
fell  into  a  state  of  ill  health  and  deep  melancholy ; 
and  "  a  most  extraordinary  statement  of  her  ma- 
lady appeared  in  a  very  scarce  tract,  intituled 
The  Firebrand  taken  out  of  the  Fire,  or  the  Won- 
derful  History,  Case,  and  Cure  of  Mrs.  Drake," 
Sfc.  {Ibid.).  By  the  register  of  Amersham,  long 
the  residence  of  some  member  of  the  Drake  family, 
it  appears  that  "  Mrs.  Katherine  Tothill,  late  wife 
of  William  Tothill,  was  there  buried,  29  June, 
1626  ;"  and  "William  Tothill,  Esq.,  bur.  10  De- 
cember, 1626."  To  this  William  Tothill  and 
Catherine  his  wife  th^re  still  exists  a  monument 
in  the  church  of  the  said  hamlet,  with  a  long  Latin 
inscription.  (Ibid.,  p.  168.)  C.  H. 

Rose  of  Jericho  (P'  S.  xi.  449. ;  2°<>  S.  ii.  236.) 
—  This  plant  being  again  mentioned,  I  send  a 
Note  respecting  it.  I  have  a  seed-vessel  which  I 
doubt  not  is  that  of  the  flower  described  by  De 
Saulcy  as  like  a  large  eastern  daisy.  It  has  the 
hygrometrical  properties  he  witnessed.  High  bo- 
tanical authority  decides  it  a  Mesembryanthemum ; 
and  it  resembles  the  seed-vessel  of  the  annual 
pink  Mes.,  which  I  have  grown  on  purpose  to 
compare  with  it.  But  as  far  as  I  can  ascertain, 
without  injuring  my  specimen,  the  seeds  do  not 
seem  to  be  united  to  the  interior  angle  of  the  cell. 
I  say  "seem,"  because  we  have  examined  one 
division  only ;  in  that,  they  were  unattached : 
can  this  arise  from  age  ?  or  be  caused  by  repeated 
exercise  of  its  curious  property  ?  Though  pro- 
bably the  blossom  is  even  less  like  a  true  rose 
than  Helianthemum  roseum  is,  (which  Monro  and 
Wilde  think  the  "Rose  of  Sharon,")  surely  a 
Mesem.  has  a  better  claim  to  the  title  than  the 
Anastatica,  which  is  a  cruciform  plant.  Has  any 
modern  traveller  found  a  large  pink  Mesem.  on 
the  plain  where  De  Saulcy  found  the  seed-vessel  ? 
He  calls  it  a  "small  flower;"  but  judging  by  the 
size  of  the  seed-vessel,  as  compared  with  that  of 
Mesem.  roseum,  my  flower  must  have  been  as 
large  as  the  yellow  annual  species.  If  the  plant 
were  very  common,  even  where  De  Saulcy  found 
it,  it  would  scarcely  have  been  lost  sight  of,  and 
replaced  by  the  Kaff  maryam;  but  it  is  worth 
seeking,  as  it  is  probably  quite  as  hardy  as  our 
greenhouse  species. 

I  suspect  that  a  green  spongy  ball,  given  to  us 
as  a  great  curiosity,  may  be  Lycopodium  lepido- 
phyllum.  I  placed  it  in  water,  but  it  does  not 
open  so  completely  as  F.  C.  H.  describes.  Is  this 
from  age  ?    I  have  had  it  about  fifteen  years. 

F.  C.  B. 
Diss. 


438 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2na  s.  No  46.,  Nov.  29.  '56. 


Mat/or  of  London,  13.35  (2"'»  S.  ii.  213.  293.)  — 
Harl.  MS.  6178,  British  Museum,  contains  a  roll 
of  arms  of  the  mayors  and  sheriffs  of  London  ;  and 
for  the  year  1335,  gives  Nic.  Woton  for  mayor, 
with  his"  coat.  Argent,  a  saltire  engrailed  sable. 
The  sheriffs  are  stated  to  be  Walter  Mordon  and 
Richard  Upton.  Although  some  of  your  corre- 
spondents have  quoted  other  names  as  sheriffs 
for  this  year,  I  think  there  can  be  no  doubt  but 
that  the  above  are  correct.  As  regards  the  mayor, 
the  roll  of  arms  in  the  above-named  MS.  appears 
very  like  proof;  but  I  should  imagine  there 
must  be  some  records  among  the  city  archives 
that  would  place  the  matter  beyond  a  doubt.  In 
the  absence  of  this  proof,  I  would  suggest  that,  pro- 
bably, Wotton  may  have  been  locum  tenens  during 
the  absence  of  Reginald  at  Conduit ;  or  possibly 
Reginald  may  have  died  towards  the  end  of  his 
mayoralty,  and  Wotton  filled  the  vacant  chair  for 
a  short  time.  W.  (Bombay.) 

London. 

Fnhlic  Preachers  (2"''  S.  ii.  373.)— It  is  pro- 
bable the  inquiries  of  your  correspondent  may  be 
forwarded  by  the  following  extracts  made  by  per- 
mission of  the  Rev.  Richard  Rigg,  the  rector  of 
the  church  of  St.  Clements,  Pyebridge,  Norwich, 
from  the  registers  of  that  parish  : 

"  Samuel  Robarts,  the  sonne  of  M'  Thomas  Robarts, 
preacher  publique  to  this  City,  was  buried  y«  19  day  of 
Sept.  1680." 

"  M''  Thomas  Robards,  preacher  of  the  Lord's  word  to 
this  Citye,  was  buryed  the  16  day  of  June,  An.  Dm. 
1584." 

The  wording  of  these  two  extracts  affords  suffi- 
cient evidence  that  there  did  exist,  at  this  early 
period,  an  office  which  held  some  control  over 
the  public  preachers  of  the  age.  The  appoint- 
ment or  control  over  persons  selected  for  these 
duties  appears  to  have  been  invested  in  some  com- 
mission ;  but  of  whom  composed,  whether  lay  or 
clerical,  is  not  now  precisely  defined.  But  suffi- 
cient evidence  does  exist  in  the  above  extracts, 
that  the  appointment  was  deemed  a  post  of  honour 
and  worthy  of  record. 

The  explanatory  note  bears  evidence  only  to 
the  period  of  the  Commonwealth,  but  these  dates 
bear  reference  to  a  far  antecedent  period,  and 
when  the  state  of  the  religious  community  was 
under  widely  different  principles.  Elizabeth  was 
extricating  her  subjects  from  Romanism  :  Crom- 
well was  involving  the  nation  in  the  confusion 
consequent  on  a  non-ritual  church. 

The  councils  in  selecting  the  "  Triers "  had  at 
different  periods  distinct  duties  to  perform.  The 
dissimilitude  in  the  services  of  the  "  preachers  pub- 
lique" of  the  Queen  and  the  "  public  preachers  " 
of  the  Commonwealth  must  have  been  great  under 
the  different  forms  of  Church  government,  and  of 
an  opposing  mode  of  thinking  and  teaching.    What 


they  were  during  the  long  period  when  agitation, 
doubt,  and  change,  powerfully  operated  on  the 
minds  of  the  community  at  large,  is  a  subject  well 
worthy  the  attention  of  the  Camden  Society. 

Heney  Davenby. 

Rawsons  of  Fryston,  Sfc;  Rowland  Whyte 
(2'«»  S.  ii.  27.)  —  G.  R.  C  will  find  a  letter  or 
letters  written  by  a  person  named  Rowland  Whyte 
(also  called  Wynne^,  in  the  Sidney  Correspondence. 
He  was  steward,  I  believe,  to  Sir  Henry  Sidney, 
the  father  of  Sir  Philip  Sidney,  and  of  Mary, 
Countess  of  Pembroke.  I  doubt,  however,  if  this 
is  the  person  whom  he  is  in  search  of. 

Henry  T.  Riley. 

Colouring  Natural  Flowers  (2"'^  S.  ii.  371.) — 
The  colour  of  flowers  is  changed  only  by  an  alter- 
ation of  the  particles  of  matter  forming  the  petals, 
and  this  is  produced  by  chemical  decomposition, 
or  by  the  action  of  light.  It  does  not  depend 
upon  the  colour  of  the  water. 

The  question  reminds  me  of  a  story,  that  white 
roses  budded  on  black  currant  trees  will  produce 
black  flowers.  But  I  never  saw  it  done;  nor  do  I 
know  any  instance  of  a  white  man  becoming  black 
by  drinking  black  tea.  Vechs. 

"  The  Innocents  "  (P'  S.  ix.  272.)  —  The  Inno- 
cents, a  Sacred  Drama,  and  other  Poems,  was 
written  by  Mrs.  Edwin  Toby  Caulfield.  This 
lady  is  also  the  author  of  The  Deluge,  a  dramatic 
poem,  published  in  1837.  R.  Inglis. 

Inscriptions  on  Church  Bells,  Cumnor  (2""^  S.  ii. 
299.)  — 

«  1.  (a.d.  1717. ")    Henry  Knight  made  me. 

4.  (A.D.1620.J      (T.B.        LC.     1717.) 
2.  &  3.  Churchwardens'  Names. 

5.  Let  your  hope  be  in  the  Lord.     E.  K.  1623. 

6.  God  prosper  the  Church  of  England.    1700.    Abr. 
Rudhall." 

Mackenzie  Walcott,  M.A. 

I  think  you  have  not  been  furnished  with  the 
following  inscriptions  on  the  six  bells  of  St. 
Peter's  Church,  Shaftesbury,  which  I  take  from 
Hutchins'  Dorset,  vol.  ii.  p.  427. : 

"  1.  A  wonder  great  my  eye  I  fix, 

Where  was  but  three  you  may  see  six. 
1684  — T.  P. 

2.  When  I  do  ring,  prepare  to  pray. 

R.  A.  S.  T.  B.    1670. 

3.  Wm.  Cockey,  Bell-founder.     1738. 

4.  Mr.  Henr\'  Saunders,  and  Mr.  Richard  Wilkins, 

cu  w<i«    W.  C.     1738. 

5.  While  thus  we  join  in  chearful  sound, 
May  love  and  loyalty  abound. 

H.  Oram,  c.  warden. 
R.  Wells,  Aldbouine,  fecit,  1776. 

6.  When  you  hear  me  for  to  toll, 
Then  pray  to  God  to  save  the  soul. 

Anno  Domini  1672. 
T.  H.  R.  W.  C.  W.  T.  P." 

C.  S.  Geeaves. 


2nd  s.  N»  48.,  Nov.  29,  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


439 


Celtic  Element  in  the  English  Language  (2°'^  S. 
ii.  308.)  —  Perhaps  the  following  works  may  as- 
sist Mr.  Eden  Warwick  : 

"The  Way  to  Things  by  Words,  and  to  Words  by 
Things ;  being  a  Sketch  of  an  Attempt  at  the  Retrieval 
of  the  Antient  Celtic,  by  John  Cleland.    8vo.     1766." 

"  Specimen  of  an  Ktimological  Vocabulary,  or  Essay, 
by  means  of  the  Anahtic  Method,  to  retrieve  the  Antient 
Celtic,  by  John  Cleland.     8vo.     1768." 

"  Mona  Antiqua  Restaurata,  an  Archaeological  Dis- 
course on  the  Antiquities,  natural  and  historical,  of  the 
Isle  of  Anglesey,  the  ancient  Seat  of  the  British  Druids ; 
to  which  is  added,  a  Comparative  Table  of  Primitive 
Words,  &c.  &c.,  by  H.  Eowland.  Second  Edition  en- 
larged by  Dr.  Owen.     4to.     1766." 

"  Celtic  Researches  on  the  Origin,  Traditions,  and  Lan- 
guage of  the  Ancient  Britons;  with  some  introductory 
Sketches  on  Primitive  Society,  by  E.  Davies.  Royal  8vo. 
1804." 

"  Memoirs  of  the  Celts  (containing  Specimens  of  Celtic 
Dialects,  and  a  Bibliotheca  Celtica),  by  Joseph  Ritson. 
8vo.    1827." 

Edward  F.  Rimbault. 

John  Knox's  Prophecy  (2"'^  S.  i.  270.)  — His 
prayer  or  prophecy  here  mentioned  was  not  ful- 
filled. Henry  IV.  of  France  was  succeeded  by 
his  son  Louis  XHI. ;  and  that  monarch  by  his  son 
Louis  XIV.  Henry  T.  Rilet. 

Almshouses  recently  founded  (2"^  S.  ii.  189.300.) 
—  At  Lamesley,  in  the  county  of  Durham,  by 
IMaria  Susannah  Lady  Ravenswortb,  mother  of 
the  present  peer.  E.  H.  A. 

Gascoigne  Almshouses  for  four  old  men  and 
four  old  women,  Aberford,  Yorkshire.  Founded 
1842.  C.  P.  E. 

Baces  on  Foot  hy  Naked  Men  (2"'^  S.  ii.  329.)  — 
A  Query  made  in  "  N.  &  Q."  is  worth  answering, 
even  although  its  use  does  not  appear  to  the  an- 
swerer. 

In  August,  1855,  on  the  second  day  of  Ayr 
Races,  there  were  two  foot  matches  run  by  men 
naked  all  but  a  narrow  slip  of  cloth  round  their 
loins.  In  the  first  race  six  ran  for  a  prize  of  50Z., 
the  distance  ten  miles,  eight  times  round  the  race- 
course. In  the  second  race  the  prize  was  10^., 
and  the  distance  half  a  mile.  The  appearance  of 
the  men  did  not  appear  to  excite  either  surprise  or 
dislike  among  those  present ;  but  strong  disappro- 
bation was  expressed  by  the  journals  not  of  the 
immediate  neighbourhood.  The  races  were  not 
repeated  at  the  meeting  of  this  year.  A.  M. 

Greenock. 

Continuation  of  Don  Juan  (2"^*  S.  ii.  229.)— Five 
Cantos  of  a  poem,  with  the  above  title,  were  pub- 
lished by  Paget  &  Co.,  Bury  Street,  St.  James's. 
No  date  nor  author's  name  is  attached ;  but  the 
date  I  should  guess  to  be  about  1842,  and  the 
author  Mr.  G.  W.  M.  Reynolds. 

P.  J.  F.  Gantilloh. 


''Receipt''  or  "■Recipe''  (1"  S.  viii.  583.)  — 
W.  E.  asks  whether  receipt  for  recipe  is  to  be  ad- 
mitted into  the  English  language. 

I  think  it  will  be  difficult  to  oust  it  from  the 
place  which  it  has  occupied  for  upwards  of  two 
centuries  ;  especially  when,  unless  I  am  mistaken, 
recipe  is  of  comparatively  modern  introduction. 

Shakspeare  writes  in  All's  Well  that  Ends  Well., 
ActIL  Sc.  1.: 

" .  .  .  .        Oa's  bed  of  death 

Many  receipts  he  gave  me.  .  ." 

And  again  in  First  Part  of  Henry  IV.,  Act  II. 
Sc.  1. : 

"  We  steal  as  in  a  castle,  cocksure :  we  have  the  receipt 
of  fern  seed,  we  walk  invisible." 

Nor  was  the  use  of  the  word  confined  to  Shak- 
speare's  time.  In  Hudibras,  canto  iii.  line  11.,  we 
have,  — 

"Some  with  a  med'cine,  and  receipt. 
Are  drawn  to  nibble  at  the  bait." 

And  in  Pope's  Essay  on  Criticism,  pt.  i.  line  114. : 

"  Some  drily  plain,  without  invention's  aid, 
Write  dull  receipts  how  poems  may  be  made." 

Doubtless  recipe  was,  some  time  or  other,  the 
usual  commencement  of  a  physician's  prescription, 
and  was  the  more  correct  term  for  the  physician 
to  use;  but  surely  the  patient  might  correctly 
enough  call  it  a  receptum. 

Perhaps  W.  E.  can  produce  an  early  instance  of 
the  use  of  the  word  recipe.  Erica. 

Warwick. 

The  last  Gibbet  erected  in  England  (2"'*  S.  ii. 
216.  296.)  —  The  last  gibbet  erected  in  England 
was  for  George  Cook,  aged  twenty-two,  the  mur- 
derer of  Mr.  Paas,  at  Leicester ;  the  body  was 
put  on  a  gibbet  thirty-three  feet  high,  on  Satur- 
day, August  11,  1832,  in  Saffron  Lane,  near  the 
Aylestone  toll-gate,  but  was  shortly  afterwards 
taken  down  by  an  order  from  the  Under-Secre- 
tary of  State.  Edward  Brookshaw. 
Pimlico. 

"  Wong"  (2"^  S.  i.  47. ;  ii.  79. 237.)  —  Thoroton 
(Notts,  Thoresby  edition,  ii.  230.,  under  "  Ma- 
perley ")  mentions  certain  closes  under  the  name 
of  ivong,  i.  e.  Basfordioong  and  Cornerwong.  Also, 
at  p.  20.  of  vol.  iii.,  Thoroton  tells  us  that  Raph 
de  Crumwell,  27  E.  I.,  "  held  a  wong  (culturam) 
containing  fifteen  acres  in  Birton  by  the  service 
of  one  penny  per  annum."  J.  Sansom. 


KOTES    ON   BOOKS,    ETC. 

It  is  no  small  relief  to  the  reviewer,  when  called  upon 
to  notice  four  goodly  octavo  volumes,  containing  between 
three  and  four  thousand  pages,  to  find  on  the  title  the  an- 
nouncement that  it  is  "  the  Tenth  Edition,  revised,  cor- 


440 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°d  S.  NO  48.,  Nov.  29.  '66. 


rected,  and  brought  down  to  the  present  Time."  These 
creditable  words  appear  in  front  of  a  work  now  before  U8 
—  a  work  of  established  reputation,  and  which  has  now 
for  nearly  forty  years  supplied  English  readers  with  a 
mass  of  most  useful  and  practical  information  for  their 
guidance  in  the  study  of  the  Sacred  Writings.  We  need 
scarcely  say  that  the  work  we  thus  refer  to  is  An  Intro- 
duction to  the  Critical  Study  and  Knowledge  of  the  Holy 
Scriptures,  by  the  Rev.  Thomas  Hartwell  Horne,  B.D. ; 
but  we  may  state  that  it  is  a  peculiarity  of  this  new  re- 
vised and  enlarged  edition,  that  in  its  production  the 
editor  has  had  the  cooperation  of  the  Kev.  Samuel  Da- 
vidson, D.D.,  author  of  the  Treatise  on  Biblical  Criticism, 
and  of  the  Rev.  Samuel  Prideaux  Tregelles,  LL.  D., 
author  of  Remarks  on  the  Printed  Text  of  the  Greek  Testa- 
ment, Sfc.  After  sixty  years  of  almost  incessant  literary 
toil,  the  reverend  author  of  the  work  might  well  be  ex- 
pected to  need  assistance  in  bringing  his  work  up  to  the 
present  state  of  biblical  learning :  and  each  of  the  writers 
so  called  in  has  been  employed  in  that  particular  division 
with  which  he  is  most  familiar.  Thus,  while  the  first 
volume,  which  is  devoted  to  a  Critical  Inquiry  into  the 
Genuineness,  Authenticity,  Uncorrupted  Preservation,  and 
Inspiration  of  the  Holy  Scriptures,  and  the  third  volume 
containing  a  Summary  of  Biblical  Geography  and  Anti- 
quities, are  by  the  original  author,  volume  the  second, 
which  is  devoted  to  the  Criticism  and  Interpretation  of 
the  Old  Testamtnt,  as  well  as  the  interpretation  of  the  Bible 
generallj',  is  by  Dr.  Davidson ; — while  the  fourth  volume 
again,  which  is  devoted  to  The  Literature  and  Analysis 
of  the  New  Testament,  is  in  two  Parts :  the  first,  contain- 
ing an  Introduction  to  the  Textual  Criticism  of  the  New 
Testament,  being  by  Dr.  Tregelles,  and  the  second,  com- 
prising Copious  Critical  Prefaces  to  the  New  Testament, 
and  Synopses  of  their  Contents,  being  by  the  author  and 
Dr.  Tregelles;  and  who  have  again  laboured  conjointly 
at  the  Appendix  to  this  fourth  volume,  which  contains 
Bibliographical  and  Critical  Notices  of  the  Principal  Edi- 
tions of  the  Old  and  New  Testaments,  Polyglott  Bibles, 
Ancient  Versions  of  the  Scriptures,  and  the  Apocryphal 
Books  of  the  Old  and  New  Testaments.  We  have  thus 
shown  how  the  great  labour  of  preparing  the  new  edition 
of  this  work  has  been  divided;  and  we  cannot  better 
conclude  this  notice,  than  in  the  very  words  with  which 
the  editor  winds  up  his  own  Preface :  —  "  Such  are  the 
plan  and  object  of  thu  work  once  more  submitted  to  the 
candour  of  the  public,  in  the  hope  that,  with  the  Divine 
Blessing,  it  may  continue  to  facilitate  the  study  of  the 
Holy  Scriptures,  which  are  able  to  make  us  wise  unto 
Salvation  through  Faith  in  Christ  Jesus." 

Under  the  title  of  The  Ewhteenth  Century,  or  Illustra- 
tions of  the  Manners  and  Customs  of  our  Grandfathers, 
Mr.  Alexander  Andrews,  a  frequent  contributor  to  these 
columns,  has  given  us  a  gossiping  collection  of  "  shreds 
and  patches"  on  almost  every  phase  of  our  social  condi- 
tion in  the  past  century,  which  will  be  read  with  con- 
siderable interest  and  amusement ;  and  would  have  been 
really  valuable  as  a  book  of  reference,  had  Mr.  Andrews 
f  I  noted  his  authorities  more  strictly,  and  given  us  an 
Index. 

The  Somersetshire  Archeeological  and  Natural  History 
Society  have  just  published  their  Proceedings  for  the 
Year  1855.  It  is  quite  equal  to  its  predecessors  in  amount 
of  information,   if  not  quite  so  varied  in  its  character. 


Dunster  Church  and  Cleeve  Abbey  are  very  fully  illus- 
trated. 

The  Transactions  of  the  Surrey  Archeeological  Society, 
1854,  1855,  Vol.  I.  Part  I.,  has  also  reached  us.  It  is  a 
very  creditable  first  number ;  and  the  various  papers  in 
it  show  how  wide  and  rich  k  field  the  Archaeologists  of 
Surrey  have  to  cultivate. 

7%e  Transactions  of  the  London  and  Middlesex  Archeeo- 
logical Society,  Vol.  I.,  Part  I.,  has  likewise  just  been  issued. 
It  is  altogether  a  most  creditable  volume.  It  is  varied  in 
its  contents, — the  papers,  many  of  them,  being  very  able 
ones,  well  printed  and  got  up,  and  nicely  illustrated ;  and 
altogether  an  admirable  specimen  of  what  a  Local  Archae- 
ological Society  can  do. 

The  appearance  of  the  various  transactions,  not  only  of 
The  Archaological  Institute  and  The  Archeeological  Asso- 
ciation, but  of  the  various  Local  Societies,  points  unmis- 
takeably  to  the  necessity  for  some  great  change  in  the 
printing  department  of  The  Society  of  Antiquaries.  Might 
it  not  be  worth  the  while  of  that  venerable  Society  to 
consider  whether,  in  the  present  state  of  antiquarian 
literature,  its  means  and  influence  might  not  now  be 
better  employed  in  the  production  of  a  New  Series  of 
The  Vetusta  Monumenta  than  in  continuing  The  Archce- 
ologia  ? 


BOOKS    AND    ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Willis's  Corrent  Notes.    September,  1856. 
Cardwell's  Reply  to  Curtis. 
TuRTON'f  Reply  to  Curtis. 

»*«  Letters,  stating  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carriage  free,  to  be 
sent  to  Messrs.  Bell  &  Daldy,  Publishers  of  "  WOTES  AND 
QUERIES,"  186.  Fleet  Street. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &o.  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  wliom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose : 

Rbakspeahe's  Works.    With  Variorum  Notes.    1813.   21  Vols.    8vo. 
Shakspeari's  Library.    Ed.  Collier.    1840-1.    Part  4,  or  the  whole 
work. 

Wanted  by  Z.  A.  II.,  Post  Office,  Dartmouth  Row,  Blackheath. 


flatiui  ta  Cavvt^^aiUftnti, 

We  cannot  nnderta1:e  to  return  Papers  which  are  not  inserted. 

N.  H  S.  will  find  the  Lines  on  London,  which  he  desires  to  see,  in  our 
1st  S.  vii.  258. 

Sir  Thomas  More's  HonsE  at  Chelsea.  The  qcntleman  who  for- 
warded the  curious  article  on  this  subject,  inserted  in  "  N.  &  Q."  of  Oct, 
25,  is  requested  to  say  lohere  a  letter  may  be  addressed  to  him. 

C.  H.  We  should  like  to  see  some  specimens  of  the  proposed  articles. 
There  is,  no  doubt,  much  early  mythology  mixed  up  with  the  names  of 
plants. 

J.  H.  A.  Bone  (Clereland,  Ohio)  will  find  Ithe  Carol 'Jie  wants  in 
Sandys'  Christmas  Carols,  p.  157. 

C.  M.  T.  The  sign  o/TheGrave  Maurice  is  that  of  the"  Gntifaurice," 
and  refers  either  to  Maurice  of  Nassau,  or  Maurice,  the  brother  of  Prince 
Bupert. 

Errata.  — 2nd  S.  ii.  406.  col.  2.  1.  22.,  for  "Fop"  read  "Trump"; 
p.  419.  col.  2. 1.  42., /or  "  in  the  green"  read  "in  the  grain." 

"  Notbs  and  Qoeries  "  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  Monthly  Parts.  The  subscription  for  Stamped  Copies  for- 
warded direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half-yearly  Index)  is 
lis.  id.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in  favour  o/ Messrs. 
Bell  and  Daldy,  186.  Fleet  Street;  to  whom  also  all  Communications 
for  the  Editor  ihmdd  be  cuidressed. 


PHOTOGRAPHY.  —  Gratis.  — 
MR.  THOMAS'S  enlarged  paper  of  in- 
strfictions  for  the  use  of  his  preparation  of 
Collodion, "  Xylo-Iodide  of  Silver,  sent  Free 
on  receipt  of  Two  Stamps  for  Postage  ;  or  may 
be  had  bound,  on  receipt  of  Sixteen  Stamps. 
Address,  ».  W.  THOMAS,  Chemist,  &c., 
10.  Pall  Mall. 


ALBUMENIZED    PAPER 

rv  carefully  prepared  by  R.  W.  THOMAS, 
Chemist,  Ac,  10.  Pall  Mall.  Five  Shilling 
Sample  Quires  of  this  paper  put  up  in  suitable 
cases  for  posting,  can  be  had  on  receipt  of 
fis.  diL,  payable  by  Stamps  or  Post  Office  Order 
to  RICHARD  W.  THOMAS. 


Just  published,  8vo.,  cloth,  price  3s.  6d. 

TNCIDENTAL         REMARKS 

X    ON  SOME  PROPERTIES  OF  LIGHT. 
By  LIEUT.  R.  W.  HAhDY,  R.N.,  F.R.A.S. 

BELL  &  DALDY,  186.  Fleet  Street. 


2*"'  S.  No  49.,  Dec.  6.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


441 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  DECEMBER  6,  1856, 


STRAY   NOTE3   ON    EDMUND    CURLL,    HIS    LIFE,   AND 
PUBLICATIONS. 

No.  7. — CurWs  Correspondence  with,  Bishop  Ken- 
nett  and  Sir  Mobert  Walpole. 

We  fear  our  present  chapter  will  be  considered 
by  the  reader  a  very  desultory  one  '.  we  trust  the 
next  will  not  exhibit  the  same  defect.  We  shall  in 
this  pass  through  the  period  from  1718  to  1725, 
during  which  time  there  can  be  little  doubt  that 
Curll,  despite  his  assertion  to  Walpole  that  he  had 
in  a  manner  left  off  his  business  for  the  purpose 
of  serving  the  Government,  was  pretty  active  aa  a 
publisher.     For  instance,  in  1720  appeared  : 

Dooms  Day^  or  the  Last  Judgment;  a  Poem 
written  by  the  Right  Honourable  William  Earl  of 
Sterline :  London,  printed  for  E.  Curll,  next  the 
Temple  Coffee  House  in  Fleet  Street ,-  and  sold  by 
C.  Rivington  (and  others).     Price  Is. 

It  has  a  short  preface,  signed  "^.  Johnstoun;" 
but  in  the  copy  before  us,  there  is  written  in  a 
hand  nearly,  if  not  quite,  contemporary,  "  i.  e. 
Edm.  Curll." 

In  1721,  we  find  him  in  a  correspondence  with 
Bishop  Kennett,  in  an  apparently  vain  endeavour 
to  obtain  his  Lordship's  sanction  to  his  reprinting 
the  Bishop's  Translations  of  Erasmus's  Praise  of 
Folly  and  Pliny's  Panegyric. 

The  following  are  the  Letters  which  passed 
between  them.  They  are  preserved  in  the  Lans- 
down  MS.,  1038.,  fol.  96. : 

"  To  the  Eight  Eev.  the  Lord  Bishop  of  Peterborough,  at 
his  house  in  Petty  France,  Westminster. 

"Nov.  4,  1721. 
"  My  Lord, 
"  Having  lately  purchased  the  copyright  of  two  pieces 
formerly  translated  by  your  Lordship  (Erasmus's  Praise 
of  Folly,*  and  Pliny's  Panegyrickf),  both  which  1  intend 
speedily  to  reprint ;  but  will  not  send  them  to  the  press 
till  1  know  your  Lordship's  mind  whether  you  would  be 
pleased  to  revise  them,  or  whether  they  may  be  reprinted 
as  they  are.  In  hopes  of  being  favoured  with  your  Lord- 
ship's answer,  I  am,  my  Lord,  your  Lordship's  most  duti- 
ful and  most  obedient  humble  Servant, 

«  E.  CUKLL. 

"  From  my  house  over  against 
Catherine-street  in  the  Strand." 

The  following  is  the  Bishop's  answer  : 

«  Nov.  6, 1721. 

"  Mr.  Curll, 

"  I  received  yours  of  Nov.  4th,  and  should  be  glad  to 

know  from  whom  you  purchased  the  copyright  of  the 

translations  of  Erasmus  and  Pliny.     1  think  they  had  no 

power  of  assigning  them  without  the  Author's  consent, 


*  Morice  Encomium ;  or.  The  Praise  of  Polly.  Made 
English  from  the  Latin  of  Erasmus.  By  White  Kennett, 
of  St.  Edmund  Hall,  8vo.,  1683. 

t  Plinv's  Panegyric,  translated  by  White  Kennett,  8vo., 
1686.      ' 


who  had  invested  them  in  the  right  only  of  a  single  im- 
pression. 

«  If  you  had  a  just  right  to  the  copies,  I  cannot  think 
the  reprinting  of  them  will  tend  much  to  the  service  of 
the  world  or  to  your  own  interest.  Such  trifles  cannot  be 
vendible,  especially  when  Mr.  Smith  has  published  a  later 
translation.*  I  know  the  first  translator  did  them  when 
a  boy  at  Oxford,  and  as  an  exercise  imposed  by  his  tutor, 
who  seemed  to  commend  them  to  the  press,  and  yet  did 
not  live  to  correct  them.  They  were  both  finished  in  the 
reign  of  King  Charles  II.,  though  one  of  them  was  not 
published  till  the  beginning  of  the  reign  of  James  II.  In 
short,  I  cannot  think  It  advisable  for  you  to  reprint  them, 
nor  can  1  possibly  take  the  pains  to  revise  them.  1  hope 
there  is  no  obscenity,  or  other  wrong  lust  in  them,  to  de- 
ceive the  people  into  catching  at  them.  If  you  despise 
my  advice,  you  had  best  however  take  care  to  insert  no 
name  of  a  writer  but  what  you  find  in  the  old  title  pages, 
for  you  know  property  and  privilege  are  valuable  things. 
I  am,  your  loving  friend 

"  White  Pbterboeoitgh. 

"  Pliny  and  the  Essay  of  Erasmus  can  never  run  so 
well  in  English  as  in  the  Latin." 

Curll  was  not  likely  to  be  satisfied  with  this 
refusal ;  and  in  the  following  reply,  he  defends 
himself  from  the  charges  brought  against  him  in 
Mist's  Journal  —  charges  obviously  hinted  at  in 
the  conclusion  of  the  Bishop's  Letter :  — 

"Nov.  7, 1721. 

"  My  Lord, 
"  In  a  ready  compliance  with  your  Lordship's  request, 
this  is  to  inform  you,  that  the  copyright  of  Pliny  and 
Erasmus  were  purchased  by  Mr.  Swalle  and  Mr.  Nichol- 
son, and  though  j^ou  are  pleased  to  say  you  vested  the 
original  printers  of  them  but  in  the  right  of  a  single  im- 
pression, yet  I  dare  say,  my  Lord,  you  had  never  any 
thoughts  of  resuming  them,  because  I  am  assured  you 
gave  them  both  without  any  premium. 

"There  have  already  been  two  editions  of  Erasmus ;  and 
the  expence  Mr.  Nicholson  was  at  by  engraving  Holbein's 
cuts  in  above  fifty  copper-plates,  gave  the  book  a  new 
turn,  and  makes  it,  among  the  rest  of  our  translations 
from  the  Latin,  very  saleable,  as  it  deserves  to  be.f 

"  As  to  Pliny,  1  knew  Mr.  Smith  of  North  Nibley  and 
his  abilities :  his  version  will  never  be  worth  reviving,  it 
being  too  liable  to  the  just  observations  your  Lordship  has 
made  upon  Sir  Robert  Stapylton's  former  translation.}: 
Besides,  my  design  in  reprinting  yours,  1  am  promised 
some  Select  Epistles  of  Pliny,  to  subjoin  to  it.  And  I 
humbly  hope,  since  I  have  paid  to  Mr.  Nicholson's  exe- 
cutors a  considerable  sum  of  money  for  these  two  transla- 
tions and  the  plates  of  Holbein,  that  your  Lordship  will 
be  pleased  to  revise  them  for  a  new  edition,  being  content 
to  wait  your  Lordship's  leisure ;  and  as  I  had  the  happi- 
ness of  your  brother's  friendship,  and  received  many 
favours  from  him,  so  I  hope  my  conduct  will  in  no  aifair 
prove  disagreeable  to  your  Lordship.  1  am  sorry,  my 
Lord,  that  rumour  only  (or  some  idle  paragraphs,  in- 
serted against  me,  in  that  sink  of  scandal,  Mist's  Journal, 
wherein  the  best  characters  have  been  traduced)  should 
move  your  Lordship  to  cast  an  aspersion  upon  me  from 

*  Pliny's  Panegyric,  translated  by  George  Smith. 
London,  1702,  8vo. 

f  The  Praise  of  Folly.  To  which  is  prefixed  Eras- 
mus's Epistle  to  Sir  Thomas  More,  and  an  Account  of 
Hans  Holbeines  Pictures,  &c.,  and  where  to  be  seen. 
London,  1709,  8vo.,  with  portrait,  and  forty-six  plates. 

X  Pliny's  Panegyricke,  translated  by  Sir  Eobert  Sta- 
pylton,  Knt.    Oxon,  1644,  4to. 


442 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2ndS.  N«49.,  Dec.  6. '56. 


•which  I  am  free  as  any  one  whatever  of  our  profession. 
Indeed,  the  scandalous  paper  above-mentioned  has 
charged  me  with  promoting  obscenity  by  printing  the 
Trials  for  Impotency,  &c.,  but  how  unjustly,  my  Lord. 
The  Trial  of  the  ISIarquis  de  Gessvres  was  publicly  printed 
at  Paris ;  the  Trial  of  the  Duke  of  Norfolk,  authorised 
by  the  honorable  House  of  Peers ;  the  Trial  of  the  Earl 
of  Essex  was  drawn  up  by  Archbishop  Abbott,  and 
printed  from  his  manuscript ;  the  Trials  of  Fielding,  Mrs. 
Dormer,  &c.,  all  authorised  by  our  judicial  courts.  If, 
therefore,  my  Lord,  I  have  erred  in  these  instances,  the 
persons  concerned  in  publishing  the  late  Collections  of 
Trials  in  folio,  wherein  all  those  for  sodomj',  rapes,  &c., 
are  inserted,  are  much  more  blameable ;  and  I  hope  the 
enclosed  Catalogue  will  in  some  measure  convince  your 
Lordship,  that  I  have  been  as  ready,  and  shall  always  be, 
to  promote  any  work  of  religion  or  learning,  as  any  other 
person  whatever  of  our  profession. 

"  Far  be  it  from  me,  my  Lord,  to  despise  your  advice. 
No,  my  Lord,  I  hold  myself  obliged,  and  heartilj'  thank 
you  for  it ;  and  as  your  Lordship  allows  property  to  be  a 
valuable  thing,  I  rest  assured,  that  your  Lordship  will 
not  deprive,  but  rather  protect  my  property  to  these  two 
translations  which  I  have  legally  purchased,  but  resolved 
not  to  reprint  without  your  Lordship's  approbation. 

"  To  conclude,  I  hope  your  Lordship  will  either  be 
pleased  to  permit  me  to  wait  upon  you,  or  to  favour  me 
with  your  final  answer  to  these  matters.  I  am,  my  Lord, 
your  "Lordship's  most  obedient  and  dutiful  servant, 

"  E.  CURLL. 

"  P.  S.  —  I  am  fullj'  convinced  that  the  encomium  in 
the  Preface  of  Pliny  was  designed  for  King  Charles  11., 
and  not  King  James  II.,  as  has  been  maliciously  sug- 
gested." 

We  have  not  discovered  any  edition  with  Curll's 
name  as  the  publisher,  so  that  it  appears  probable 
that  the  bishop's  refusal  to  sanction  the  intended 
reprint,  and  his  allusion  to  "  property  and  privi- 
lege'''' were  not  lost  upon  Curll,  who,  as  we  shall 
gee  presently,  could  not  be  blind  to  the  danger  of 
infringing  on  the  privileges  of  the  Peers.  In  1735, 
seven  years  after  Kennett's  death,  the  lifth  edition 
of  the  Morice  Encomium  was  published  by  J.  Wel- 
ford,  "Adorned  with  forty-eight  copper-plates, 
including  the  effigies  of  Erasmus  and  Sir  Thomas 
More,  all  neatly  engraved  from  the  designs  of  the 
celebrated  Hans  Holbeine." 

In  1721-2  we  find  poor  Curll  again  misled  by 
his  restless  desire  to  publish  — 

"  The  speeches,  verses,  and  last  AVills  of  Peers," 

a  second  time  under  the  displeasure  of  the  House 
of  Lords,  having  now  got  into  trouble  by  his  pub- 
lication of  the  Duke  of  Buckingham's  Works. 
In  the  Journals  of  Jan.  22,  1721,  we  find  the  fol- 
lowing entry  : 

"E.  Curll  to  attend  about  publishing  D.  of  Bucks  Works,  Sfc. 

"  Complaint  being  made  to  the  House  of  so  much  of  an 
Advertisement  inserted  in  the  Newspaper  intituled  The 
Daily  Journal,  Jan?  22,  1721-2,  as  gives  Notice, '  That  the 
Works  of  the  late  Right  Honourable  John  Sheffield  Duke 
of  Buckinghamshire,  in  Prose  and  Verse,  with  his  Life 
(compleated  from  a  Plan  drawn  up  by  his  Grace)  by  Mr. 
Theobald,  and  a  True  Copy  of  his  last  Will  and  Testa- 
ment, will  speedily  be  published,  by  E,  Curll,  over  against 
Catherine  Street  in  The  Strand,^ 


"  It  is  Ordered,  That  the  said  E.  Curll  do  attend  this 
House  To-morrow." 

Then  on  the  following  day,  Tuesday,  Jan.  23, 
we  read :  — 

"  The  House  being  informed,  That  E.  Curll  attended, 
(according  to  Order)  — 

"  He  was  called  in,  — 

"And  so  much  of  an  Advertisement  inserted  in  the 
Newspaper  intituled  The  Daily  Journal,  Jany  22,  1721-2, 
as  gave  notice,  '  That  the  Works  of  the  late  Right  Ho- 
nourable John  Sheffield  Duke  o{  Buckinghamshire,  in  Prose 
and  Verse,  with  his  Life  (compleated  from  a  Plan  drawn 
up  by  his  Grace)  by  Mr.  Theobald,  and  a  True  Copy  of 
his  last  Will  and  Testament,  will  speedily  be  published ' 
by  the  said  Curll,  being  showed  him,  he  owned  '  That  he 
caused  the  same  to  be  printed ;  that  he  had  not  the  con- 
sent of  the  Executors  or  Trustees  of  the  said  late  Duke 
for  publishing  his  said  Life,  Works,  or  Will.' 

"  And  being  further  examined  in  relation  to  the  print- 
ing the  said  Advertisement,  he  was  directed  to  withdraw. 

"  And  being  accordingly  withdrawn,  It  was  resolved 
and  Declared  by  the  Lords  Spiritual  and  Temporal  in 
Parliament  assembled.  That  if,  after  the  Death  of  any 
Lord  of  this  House,  any  Person  presume  to  publish  and 
print  his  Works,  Life,' or  last  Will,  without  consent  of 
his  Heirs,  Executors,  Administrators,  or  Trustees,  the 
same  is  a  Breach  of  the  Privilege  of  this  House. 

"  And  it  being  moved,  '  That  the  same  may  be  entered 
upon  the  Roll  of  Standing  Orders  of  this  House,' 

"  It  was  Ordered,  That  on  Friday  next  this  House  will 
take  the  said  Motion  into  Consideration ;  and  the  Lords  to 
be  summoned." 

On  the  Thursday  the  Motion  was  ordered  to  be 
postponed  from  the  following  day  until  the  fol- 
lowing Wednesday  (Jan.  31),  when  we  find  the 
following  entry  on  the  Journals  : 

"  The  House  (according  to  Order)  proceeded  to  take 
into  Consideration  the  Motion  made  the  Twentj'-third 
Instant,  for  entering  upon  the  Roll  of  Standing  Orders, 
the  Resolution  and  Declaration  then  made,  against  pub- 
lishing in  Print  the  Works,  Life,  or  last  Will,  of  any 
Lord  of  this  House. 

"  And  the  same  being  read  by  the  Clerk,  was,  with 
some  Addition,  agreed  to  by  the  House  as  follows  : 

"  'Notice  being  taken.  That  the  Works,  Lives,  and  last 
Wills  of  divers  Lords  of  this  House,  had  been  frequently 
printed  imperfectly,  and  published  after  their  Deaths, 
without  the  Direction  or  Consent  of  the  Heirs,  Executors, 
Administrators,  or  Trustees  of  such  Lords :  It  is  therefore 
Resolved  and  Declared  by  the  Lords  Spiritual  and  Tem- 
poral, in  Parliament  assembled,  That  if,  after  the  Death 
of  any  Lord  of  this  House,  any  Person  presume  to  publish 
in  Print,  his  Works,  or  any  Part  of  them,  not  published 
in  his  Life  time,  or  his  Life  or  last  Will,  without  the  Con- 
sent of  his  Heirs,  Executors,  Administrators,  or  Trustees, 
the  same  is  a  Breach  of  the  Privilege  of  this  House.' 

"  Ordered,  That  said  Resolution  and  Declaration  be 
entered  on  the  Roll  of  the  Standing  Orders  of  this  House, 
and  printed  and  published,  and  affixed  on  the  Doors  of 
this  House,  to  the  End  all  Persons  that  may  be  therein 
concerned  may  the  better  take  Notice  of  the  same." 

This  Order  was  vacated  on  the  28th  July,  1845, 
on  the  motion  of  Lord  Campbell,  who,  in  the 
course  of  •  very  interesting  speech,  designated  the 
subject  of  these  Notes  as  "  the  infamous,  the 
dauntless,  the  shameless  Edmund  Curll."  Perhaps 
the'  learned   Lord   Chief  Justice,    should    these 


2nd  s.  No  49.,  Dec.  G.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


443 


Notes   ever  meet  his  eye,  may  now  think  that 
Curll  has  had  scant  justice  at  his  hands. 

In  1723  we  find  Curll,  in  conjunction  with 
Henley  (who  afterwards,  in  1730,  started  the 
Hyp  Doctor,  in  support  of  Sir  Robert  Walpole), 
in  correspondence  with  the  Government,  and 
giving  information  to  Walpole  as  to  a  projected 
attack  from  Mrs.  Manley  in  the  form  of  a  "  fifth  " 
volume  of  The  Atalantis.  It  would  seem  from  the 
letters,  which  were  originally  published  in  the 
Gent.  Mag.,  Ixviii.,  pt.  i.  p.  1 90.,  that  this  was  not 
the  first  time  that  Curll  had  offered  his  services 
to  the  Government :  but  his  hopes  of  "  something 
in  the  Post  Office,"  or  of  "  being  serviceable  in 
the  Stamp  Office,"  do  not  appear  to  have  been 
realised. 

"Strand,  March  2, 1723-4, 
"  Hon.  Sir, 

"Yesterday  Mr.  Henley  and  myself  were  eye-witnesses 
of  a  letter,  under  Mrs.  Manley's  own  hand,  intimating 
that  a  lifth  volume  of  The  Atalantis  had  been  for  some 
time  printed  off,  and  lies  ready  for  publication ;  the  de- 
sign of  which,  in  her  own  words,  is,  '  to  give  an  account 
of  a  sovereign  and  his  ministers  who  are  endeavouring  to 
overturn  that  Constitution  which  their  pretence  is  to 
protect ;  to  examine  the  defects  and  vices  of  some  men 
who  take  a  delight  to  impose  upon  the  world  by  the  pre- 
tence of  public  good ;  whilst  their  true  design  is  only  to 
gratifj'  and  advance  themselves.' 

"  This,  Sir,  is  the  laudable  tenour  of  this  libel,  which 
is  (but  shall  be  in  your  power  onlj'  to  suppress)  ready  for 
the  intended  mischief  upon  the  rising  of  the  parliament. 

"  Mr.  Henley  called  upon  me  this  morning  to  acquaint 
me  that  your  Honour  had  appointed  Wednesday  morning 
next  for  your  final  determination  relating  to  "these  kind 
of  services. 

"  As  your  Honour  was  formerly  pleased  to  promise  me 
your  friendship,  I  now  hope  to  feel  the  effect  of  it  for 
what  I  can,  without  vanity,  call  my  unwearied  diligence 
to  serve  the  Government,  having  in  a  manner  left  off  my 
business  for  that  purpose. 

"  Mr.  Goode  told  me,  that  I  might  depend  upon  having 
some  provision  made  for  me,  and  that  he  had  named 
something  in  the  Post  Office  to  your  Honour  for  my  pur- 
pose. And  I  hope  that,  either  in  that  or  some  of  the 
many  others  over  which  your  Honour  presides,  I  shall  be 
thought  on. 

"  Just  upon  Lord  Townshend's  going  to  Hanover,  I  re- 
ceived his  Lordship's  instructions,  at  any  rate  to  get  out 
of  the  custody  of  Mr.  Layer's  clerk,  Stewart,  some  papers 
then  intended  to  be  privately  dispersed.  This  I  effected, 
and  am  ready  to  deliver  them  up  to  your  Honour.  Mr. 
Cracherode  and  Mr.  Buckley  called  on  me  to  see  them, 
but  had  not  their  end ;  my  design  being  strictly  to  ob- 
serve the  trust  reposed  by  his  Lordship  in  me,  who 
ordered  me,  when  he  gave  me  the  above  instructions,  to 
attend  your  Honour  for  whatever  money  I  should  have 
occasion  for. 

"  Now,  Sir,  as  I  have  not  intruded  upon  your  important 
minutes,  neither  can  I  pester  your  levy  with  an  Irish  as- 
surance, I  humbly  hope  for  j'our  present  favour  for  my 
past  expenses,  and  what  Mr.  Henley  and  myself  have 
now  under  your  consideration,  since  we  shall  either  desist 
or  proceed  according  to  your  determination. 

"  I  am,  honoured  Sir,  your  ever  devoted  and  most 
obliged  liumble  servant, 

«  E.  Curll. 

"P.S.  Lord  Townshend  assured  me  he  would  recom- 


mend me  to  your  H(mour  for  some  provision  in  the  Civil 
List.     In  the  Stamp  Office  I  can  be  serviceable." 

"To  the  Right  Hon.  Eobert  Walpole,  Esq. 

"  Wednesday,  March  4, 1723. 
"Hon.  Sir, 

"  I  will  attend  you  on  Friday  for  your  final  determina- 
tion. My  intentions  are  both  honourable  and  sincere; 
and  I  doubt  not  but  from  you  they  will  meet  with  a 
suitable  return.  This  affair  has  been  very  expensive, 
which  I  hope  will  be  considered  when  I  wait  upon  you, 
and,  as  to  any  former  matters,  Mr.  Curll  tells  me  he  has 
always  made  good  what  he  proposed ;  and  the  reason  of 
his  not  attending  upon  you  oftener  was  from  your  own 
commands  to  him  to  go  to  Lord  Townshend  when  he  had 
anj'  thing  to  offer. 

"  As  you  please  to  determine  on  Friday,  I  shall  either 
desist  from,  or  pursue  my  inquiries  of  this  kind.  It  not 
being  at  all  proper  for  Mr.  Curll  to  appear  in  person  on 
these  occasions,  all  will  be  transacted  by  me  only. 

"  As  I  expect  your  Honour's  favour,  believe  me  to  be, 
upon  all  occasions,  your  Honour's  most  devoted  Servant, 

"  J.  Henley. 

"  P.S.  As  to  Mr.  Higgons's  and  Mrs.  Manley's  affair,  I 
have  seen  original  letters  under  both  their  hands." 

Whether  Mrs.  Manley's  fifth  volume  ever  made 
its  appearance,  and  whether  Curll  ever  got  from 
Walpole  any  return  for  these  services,  we  must 
leave  to  others  to  discover.  All  we  know  is  that 
Curll's  services  to  the  Government  did  not  save 
him  from  a  Government  prosecution  a  few  years 
afterwards ;  but  that  will  form  a  chapter  by  itself. 

S.  N.  M. 


NOTES    ON   TBAFALGAB. 

NelsorCs  Signal.  —  As  some  interesting  state- 
ments connected  with  the  history  of  this  signal 
have  reached  us  from  various  sources,  a  notice  of 
it,  with  its  circumstantial  and  verbal  variations, 
may  still  possess  some  charm  for  the  readers  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  The  several  versions  appear  thus 
collated  in  Sir  H.  Nicolas's  Dispatches  and 
Letters,  S^c,  the  first  given  by  the  editor  being 
from  the  pen  of  Captain  Blackwood,  who  com- 
manded the  Euryalus : 

"  I  was  walking  with  him  (Lord  Nelson)  on  the  poop, 
when  he  said,  '  I'll  now  amuse  the  fleet  with  a  signal ; ' 
and  he  asked  me  'if  I  did  not  think  there  was  one  yet 
wanting  ?  '  I  answered,  that  I  thought  the  fleet  seemed 
very  clearly  to  understand  what  they  were  about,  and  to 
vie  with  each  other  who  should  first  get  nearest  to  the 
Victory  or  Royal  Sovereign  (Vice-Admiral  CoUing- 
wood).  These  words  were  scarcely  uttered  when  his  last 
well-known  signal  was  made,  '  England  expects  every 
man  will  do  his  duty.'  The  shout  with  which  it  was  re- 
ceived throughout  the  fleet  was  truly  sublime.  '  Now,' 
said  Lord  Nelson,  '  I  can  do  no  more.  We  must  trust  to 
the  great  Disposer  of  all  events,  and  the  justice  of  our 
cause.  I  thank  God  for  this  great  opportunity  of  doing 
my  duty.' " 

The  next  account  is  from  James's  Naval  His- 
tory.    The  writer  says  : 

"  This  done  [the  signal  to  prepare  for  anchor  had  been 
already  given,  at  llh.  30  m.]  no  other  signal  seemed 
wanting,  when  Lord  Nelson  remarked  that  he  must  give 


444 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  g.  15^0  49.,  Dec.  6.  '56. 


the  fleet  something  by  way  of  a  fillip;  after  musing 
awhile,  he  said,  '  Suppose  we  telegraph  that  Nelson  ex- 
pects every  man  to  do  his  duty?  '  The  officer,  whom  he 
was  then  addressing,  suggested  whether  it  would  not  be 
better,  ♦  England  expects,'  &c.  Lord  Nelson  rapturously 
exclaimed,  '  Certainly,  certainly; '  and  at  llh.  40m.  a.m., 
up  went  to  the  Victory's  mizen  top-gallant  mast-head 
the  first  flag  of   the  celebrated    telegraphic    message, 

*  England  expects  that  every  man  will  do  his  duty ; '  a 
signal  which,  the  instant  its  signification  became  fully 
known,  was  greeted  with  three  cheers  on  board  of  every 
ship  in  the  fleet,  and  excited  among  both  officers  and 
men  the  most  lively  enthusiasm." 

The  editor,  however,  pronounces  the  following 
to  be  the  "  real  facts,"  as  given  by  Nelson's  flag- 
lieutenant  on  board  the  Victory  (Captain  Pasco), 
who  vouches  for  their  accuracy  to  the  editor  : 

"  His  Lordship  came  to  me  on  the  poop,  and  after  order- 
ing certain  signals  to  be  made,  about  a  quarter  to  noon  he 
said, '  Mr.  Pasco,  I  wish  to  say  to  the  fleet,  •  England  con- 
fides that  every  man  will  do  his  duty ; '  and  he  added, 
'  You  must  be  quick,  for  I  have  one  more  to  make,  which 
is  for  close  action.'  I  replied,  *  If  your  Lordship  will 
permit  me  to  substitute  the  expects  for  confides,  the  signal 
will  soon  be  completed,  because  the  word  expects  is  in  the 
vocabulary,  and  the  word  confides  must  be  spelt.'  His 
Lordship  replied  in  haste,  and  with  seeming  satisfaction, 

•  That  will  do,  Pasco,  make  it  directly.'  When  it  had 
been  answered  by  a  few  ships  in  the  van,  he  ordered  me 
to  make  the  signal  for  close  action,  and  to  keep  it  up ;  ac- 
cordingly I  hoisted  No.  16.  at  the  top -gallant  mast-head, 
and  there  it  remained  until  shot  away." 

The  historic  importance  which  has  attached 
itself  to  any  incident  connected  with  the  events  of 
the  memorable  21st,  must  be  my  apology  for  offer- 
ing your  readers  the  following  brief  extract  from 
the  Journal  of  H.  M.  ship  Leviathan,  recording 
an  act  of  British  heroism  and  devotion  scarcely 

Earalleled  in  the  annals  of  naval  warfare.  The 
leviathan,  after  helping  to  disable  the  French 
admiral's  ship,  and  the  four-decker  Santissima 
Trinidada,  closed  with  the  enemy's  ship  Augustin, 
74,  which  she  soon  took  :  — 

"While  this  was  doing,  a  shot  took  off"  the  arm  of 
Thomas  Main,  when  at  his  gun  on  the  forecastle;  his 
messmates  kindly  offered  to  assist  him  in  going  to  the 
surgeon,  but  he  bluntly  said,  '  I  thank  you,  stay  where 
you  are ;  you  will  do  more  good  there : '  he  went  down  by 
himself  to  the  cockpit.  The  surgeon  (who  respected  him) 
would  willingly  have  attended  him  in  preference  to 
p(;hers,  whose  wounds  were  less  alarming;  but  Main 
would  not  admit  of  it,  saying,  '  Avast,  not  until  it  comes 
to  my  turn,  if  you  please.'  The  surgeon  soon  after  am- 
putated the  shattered  part  of  the  arm,  near  the  shoulder, 
during  which  with  great  composure,  smiling,  and  with  a 
steady  clear  voice,  he  sang  the  whole  of  Rule  Britannia  !  " 

"  Neptunia  proles"  —  a  true  son  of  the  Main  ! 

Nelson's  Warning. —  Lord  Nelson  had  a  narrow 
escape  early  in  the  action  ;  while  yet  500  yards 
distant  from  the  Bucentaure,  the  Victory's  mizen 
top-mast  was  shot  away.  Her  wheel  had  also 
been  struck,  and  shivered,  which  rendered  it  ne- 
cessary for  her  to  be  steered  in  the  gun-room.  A 
few  oiinutes  after,  several  marines  were  killed  on 


the  poop,  and  many  others  wounded,  which  occa- 
sioned Nelson  to  order  the  officer  in  command  to 
disperse  his  men,  to  prevent  unnecessary  loss  and 
suffering.  "Presently  a  shot,  that  had  come 
through  a  thickness  of  four  hammocks,  struck  the 
forebrace  bits  on  the  quarter-deck,  and  passed  be- 
tween Lord  Nelson  and  Captain  Hardy."  It  was 
the  avant-coureur  of  death,  —  the  death  that  was 
soon  to  plunge  the  family  of  England  into  one 
common  grief,— a  grief,  deep  as  it  was  universal ; 
one  of  the  greatest  national  bereavements  seemed 
already  realised :  "  a  splinter  from  the  bits 
bruising  the  left  foot  of  the  latter,  and  tearing 
the  buckle  from  his  shoe." 

»•  They  both,"  says  Dr.  Beatty,  "instantly  stopped,  and 
were  observed  by  the  officers  on  deck  to  survey  each  other 
with  inquiring  looks,  each  supposing  the  other  to  be 
wounded.  His  Lordship  then  smiled,  and  said,  '  This  is 
too  warm  work,  Hardy,  to  last  long ; '  and  declared  that, 
through  all  the  battles  he  had  been  in,  he  had  never  wit- 
nessed more  cool  courage  than  was  displayed  by  the 
Victory's  crew  on  this  occasion."  *  *  *  «  VVhile  listen- 
ing with  characteristic  avidity  to  the  deafening  crash 
made  by  their  shot  in  the  French  ship's  hull,  the  British 
crew  were  nearly  suffocated  with  clouds  of  black  smoke 
that  entered  the  Victory's  port-holes ;  and  Lord  Nelson, 
Captain  Hardy,  and  others,  that  were  walking  the  quar- 
ter-deck, had  their  clothes  covered  with  the  dust  which 
issued  from  the  crumbled  woodwork  of  the  Bucentaure's 
stern." 

Nelson's  Death-  Wound.  — 

"Jlever  allowing  mere  personal  comfort  to  interfere 
with  what  he  considered  to  be  the  good  of  the  service. 
Lord  Nelson,  when  the  Victory  was  fitting  to  receive  his 
flag,  ordered  the  large  skylight  over  his' cabin  to  be  re- 
moved, and  the  space  planked  up,  so  as  to  afford  him  a 
walk  amidships,  clear  of  the  guns  and  ropes.  Here,  along 
an  extentof  deck  of  about  twenty-one  feet  in  length,  .  .  . 
were  the  Admiral  and  Captain  Hardy,  during  the  whole 
of  the  operations  we  have  just  detailed,  taking  their  cus- 
tomary promenade.  At  about  Ih.  '25m.  p.m.,  just  as  the 
two  had  arrived  within  one  pace  of  the  regular  turning 
spot  at  the  cabin  ladder-way.  Lord  Nelson,  who,  regard- 
less of  quarter-deck  etiquette,  was  walking  on  the  lar- 
board side*,  suddenly  faced  left  about.  Captain  Hardy, 
as  soon  as  he  had  taken  the  other  step,  turned  also,  and 
saw  the  Admiral  in  the  act  of  falling.  He  was  then  on 
his  knees,  with  his  left  hand  just  touching  the  deck.  The 
arm  giving  way.  Lord  Nelson  fell  on  his  left  side,  exactly 
upon  the  spot  where  his  secretary,  Mr.  Scott,  had  breathed 
his  last,  and  with  whose  blood  his  Lordship's  clothes 
were  soiled.  The  wound  was  by  a  musket-ball,  which 
had  entered  the  left  shoulder  through  the  fore-part  of  the 
epaulette,  and  descending  had  lodged  in  the  spine." 

The  fatal  ball  was  received  from  the  mizen-top  of 
the  Redoubtable,  the  distance  being  about  fifteen 
yards  ;  this  was  apparent  from  the  course  which 
the  ball  took,  as  well  as  from  the  fact  that  that 
ship's  maintop  was  hidden  by  the  mainsail  of  the 
Victory. 

*  I  have  preferred  giving  this  as  being,  according  to 
James,  a  more  authentic  account  than  that  which  appears 
in  Dr.  Beatty's  narrative.  See  foot-note.  Dispatches  and 
Letters,  vol.  vii.  p.  160. 


2nd  s.  No  49.,  Dec.  6.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


445 


"That  the  ball,"  continues  the  narrative,  "was  in- 
tended for  Lord  Nelson  is  doubtful,  because  when  the  aim 
must  have  been  taken,  he  was  walking  on  the  outer  side, 
concealed  in  a  great  measure  from  view  by  a  much  taller 
and  stouter  man.  Admitting  also  (which  is  very  doubt- 
ful) that  the  French  seaman  or  marine,  whose  shot  had 
proved  so  fatal,  had  selected  for  his  object,  as  the  British 
commander-in-chief,  the  best  dressed  officer  of  the  two, 
he  would  most  probably  have  fixed  upon  Captain  Hardy ; 
or  indeed,  such,  in  spite  of  Dr.  Beatty's  print,  was  Lord 
Nelson's  habitual  carelessness,  upon  any  one  of  the  Vic- 
tory's lieutenants  who  might  have  been  walking  by  the 
side  of  him.  Sergeant  Seeker  of  the  Marines,  and  two 
seamen,  who  had  come  up  on  seeing  the  Admiral  fall, 
now,  by  Captain  Hardy's  direction,  bore  their  revered  and 
much  lamented  chief  to  the  cockpit." 

The  scene  of  Nelson's  mortal  agony  (which 
lasted  (luring  three  hours  and  a  half),  and  which 
has  been  depicted  by  the  pens  of  Dr.  Scott  and 
others,  need  not  be  transferred  to  your  columns. 
There  is,  however,  one  circumstance  in  reference 
to  the  death  of  England's  hero,  which  I  hope  I 
may  be  permitted  to  offer  for  insertion  in  "  N.  & 
Q.,"  as  likely  to  be  read  with  interest  by  those 
who  love  to  dwell  on  the  stereotyped  acts,  the 
cherished  sentiments  and  sayings,  of  the  "great" 
that  are  gone.  It  is  speculatively  curious,  and 
may  possibly  be  new  to  some  of  your  readers.  It 
appears  in  the  Dispatches  and  Letters,  8fc.,  as  one 
of  the  concluding  statements  of  Dr.  Beatty's  nar- 
rative :  — 

"  His  Lordship  had  on  several  occasions  told  Captain 
Hardy,  that  if  he  should  fall  in  battle  in  a  foreign  climate, 
he  wished  his  body  to  be  conveyed  to  England ;  and  that, 
if  his  country  should  think  proper  to  inter  him  at  the 
public  expense,  he  wished  to  be  buried  in  St.  Paul's,  as 
well  as  that  his  monument  should  be  erected  tliere.  He 
explained  his  reasons  for  preferring  St.  Paul' s  to  West- 
minster Abbey,  which  were  rather  curious ;  he  said  that 
he  remembered  hearing  it  stated  as  an  old  tradition  when 
he  was  a  boj',  that  Westminster  was  built  on  a  spot 
where  once  existed  ^  deep  morass ;  and  he  thought  it 
likely  that  the  lapse  of  time  would  reduce  the  ground  on 
which  it  now  stands  to  its  primitive  state  of  a  swamp, 
without  leaving  a  trace  of  the  Abbey.  He  added,  that 
his  actual  observations  confirmed  the  probability  of  this 
event.  He  also  repeated  to  Captain  Hardy  several  times 
during  the  last  two  years  of  his  life,  '  Should  I  be  killed. 
Hardy,  and  my  country  not  bury  me,  you  know  what  to 
do  with  me;'  meaning  that  his  body  was  to  be  laid 
by  the  side  of  his  father's  in  his  native  village  of  Burn- 
ham  Thorpe  in  Norfolk;  and  this,  as  has  been  before- 
mentioned,  he  adverted  to  in  his  last  moments." 

It  was  the  heart-striking  history  of  these  "  last 
moments"  which  clouded  the  brilliant  achieve- 
ments of  that  eventful  day,  —  the  news  at  which 
every  cheek  grew  pale,  and  every  heart  was  faint 
—  England's  darling  hero  was  no  more  —  sacri- 
ficed in  the  moment  of  victory  —  a  willing  victim 
at  the  shrine  of  her  glory.  But  dear  to  her  was 
glory,  purchased  with  such  blood  as  his.  The 
hand  that  had  wreathed  the  laurel  must  plant  the 
cypress  !  "  The  victory  was  turned  that  day  into 
mourning  unto  all  the  people."  All  that  a  be- 
reaved country  could  do,  England  did,  and  fit- 


tingly, to  testify  her  sorrow :  with  solemn  and 
gorgeous  pomp  she  bore  her  lamented  chief  to  that 
wished-for  place  of  repose,  lavishing  the  honours 
she  had  not  yet  bestowed,  to  "  make  his  name 
great  in  Israel ; "  never  had  those  time-honoured 
towers  pealed  forth  a  funeral  note  which  so  bowed 
the  head  and  heart  of  the  nation  as  the  knell 
of  her  slain  Nelson.  A  king  covered  his  face, 
princes  mourned  and  followed  him,  a  grateful 
people  wept  over  his  hier ;  and  well  might  Eng- 
land smite  the  breast  in  her  anguish,  for  where  in 
her  hour  of  need  could  she  hope  "  to  look  upon 
his  like  again  ?  "  Yet  it  was  reserved  for  no  dis- 
tant generation  to  know  that,  when  Israel's  peace 
should  be  threatened,  a  Gideon  might  again  be 
found  at  the  "  winepress,"  or  a  David  conae  forth 
from  the  "  fold."  F.  Phillott. 


A  Trafalgar  Veteran. — Perhaps  it  may  interest 
some  of  your  readers  to  know  that  there  is  now 
living  at  Orford,  in  Suffolk,  a  man  of  the  name 
of  Mannell,  who  was  with  Nelson  at  the  battle  of 
Trafalgar,  and  assisted  in  carrying  him  down  to 
the  cabin  of  the  "  Victory."  Eremite. 


GENERAIi   LITERABT   INDEX  :    PENAL   LAWS  :    TEST 
LAWS  :    TOLERATION. 

(^Continued from  2"''  S.  ii.  24.) 

"  The  Trial  and  Examination  of  a  late  Libel,  intitled 
<  A  new  Test  of  the  Church  of  England's  Loyalty ; '  with 
some  Keflections  upon  the  additional  Libel,  intitled  '  An 
Instance  of  the  Church  of  England's  Loyalty.'     1687." 

This  and  the  tracts  herein  referred  to  will  be 
found  in  the  ninth  volume  of  the  Sumers  Tracts. 

"  Samuel,  Lord  Bishop  of  Oxford,  his  celebrated  Rea- 
sons for  Abrogating  the  Test  and  Notions  of  Idolatry  An- 
swered by  Samuel,  Archdeacon  of  Canterbury.  By  John 
Phillips,  nephew  to  John  Milton.     1688.    4to." 

In  the  Somers  Tracts,  vol.  ix.,  where  it  is  as- 
cribed to  Burnet,  as  well  as  the  following  tract : 

"An  Enquiry  into  the  Reasons  for  abrogating  the 
Test  imposed  on  all  Members  of  Parliament,  Offered  by 
Sa.  Ox  on." 

"  Vox  Cleri  pro  Rege ;  or  the  Rights  of  the  Imperial 
Sovereignty  of  the  Crown  of  England  Vindicated,  in 
reply  to  a  late  Pamphlet  pretending  to  answer  a  Book 
entitled  '  The  Judgment  and  Doctrine  of  the  Clergy  of  the 
Church  of  England,  concerning  the  King's  Prerogative  in 
dispensing  with  Penal  Laws.'  In  a  Letter  to  a  Friend. 
1688.     4to." 

"  The  Project  for  repealing  the  Penal  Laws  and  Tests, 
with  the  honourable  Means  used  to  effect  it.  Being  a 
Preface  to  a  Treatise  concerning  the  Penal  Laws  and 
Tests.     1688." 

"  Account  of  Sir  Edward  Hale's  Case.  By  Sir  Edward 
Herbert.    London,  1688.    4to." 

It  will  be  found  In  the  second  volume  of  the 
Collection  of  State  Trials,  1735. 

"  The  Trial  of  Sir  Edward  Hales,  Bart.,  for  neglecting 
to  take  the  Oaths  of  Supremacy  and  Allegiance,  with  his 


446 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[2»d  S.  No  49.,  Dec.  6.  '6G. 


Plea  thereto,  upon  the  King's  dispensing  with  the  Stat. 
25  Car.  II.,  and  the  Opinion  of  the  Judges  thereupon." 

"  An  Enquiry  into  the  Power  of  dispensing  with  Penal 
Statutes,  together  with  some  Animadversions  upon  a 
Book  writ  by  Sir  Edw.  Herbert,  entitled  '  A  Short  Ac- 
count,' &c.    By  Sir  Eob.  Atkyns.    Lond.  1689.    Folio." 

N.B.  The  following  treatises  originated  in  King 
James's  Declaration  of  Indulgence  : 

♦'  Reflections  on  his  Majesty's  Proclamation  for  a  Tole- 
ration in  Scotland.     1687." 

See  Macaulay's  History,  ii.  205. : 

"  He  had  determined  to  begin  with  Scotland,  where  his 
power  to  dispense  with  acts  of  parliament  had  been  ad- 
mitted bj"^  the  obsequious  Estates." 

•'His  Majesties  most  gracious  Declaration  to  all  his 
loving  Subjects  for  Liberty  of  Conscience.  1688.  Folio, 
a  single  sheet." 

"  The  Humble  Address  of  the  Presbyterians  presented 
to  the  King.  With  his  Majesties  gracious  Answer.  4to. 
1687." 

"  A  Letter  to  a  Dissenter,  upon  occasion  of  his  Majesty's 
late  gracious  Declaration  of  Indulgence.  By  George  Sa- 
vile,  Marquis  of  Halifax.     1687.    4to." 

In  the  ninth  volume  of  the  Somers  Tracts.  See 
Macaulay's  History,  ii.  217. 

"  An  Answer  to  a  '  Letter  to  a  Dissenter,  upon  occasion 
of  his  Majesty's  late  gracious  Declaration  of  Indulgence.' 
1687.     4to." 

"  Animadversions  on  a  late  Pamphlet,  intitled  'A  Letter 
to  a  Dissenter,  upon  occasion  of  his  Majesty's  late  gracious 
Declaration  of  Indulgence.'    By  Henry  Care.  1687.  4to." 

"  An  Answer  to  a  '  Letter  to  a  Dissenter,  upon  occasion 
of  his  Majesty's  late  gracious  Declaration  of  Indulgence.' 
Bv  Sir  Roger  L'Estrange,  Kt.     1687.    4to." 

'«  An  Answer  from  the  Country,  to  a  late  '  Letter  to  a 
Dissenter,  upon  occasion  of  his  Majesty's  late  gracious 
Declaration  of  Indulgence.  By  a  Member  of  the  Church 
of  England.     1687.     4to." 

"  A  modest  Censure  of  the  immodest  ♦  Letter  to  a  Dis- 
senter, upon  occasion  of  his  Majesty's  late  gracious  De- 
claration for  Libertv  of  Conscience.'    By  T N ,  a 

true  Member  of  the' Church  of  England.     1G87.     4to." 

"  A  Second  Letter  to  a  Dissenter,  upon  occasion  of  his 
Majesty's  late  gracious  Declaration  of  Indulgence.  1687. 
4to." 

"  The  Layman's  Opinion  sent  in  a  private  Letter  to  a 
considerable  Divine  of  the  Church  of  England.  1687. 
4to."  • 

"  The  Layman's  Answer  to  the  Layman's  Opinion,  in  a 
Letter  to  a  Friend.     1687.     4to." 

"  Dialogue  between  Harry  and  Roger ;  that  is  to  say, 
Harry  Care  and  Roger  Lestrange.     1687." 

"  An  Answer  of  a  Minister  of  the  Church  of  England 
to  a  Seasonable  and  Important  Question,  proposed  to  him 
by  a  Loyal  and  Religious  Member  of  the  present  House 
of  Commons,  viz.  What  respect  ought  the  true  Sons  of  the 
Church  of  England,  in  point  of  conscience  and  Christian 
prudence,  to  bear  to  the  religion  of  that  Church  whereof 
the  King  is  a  member  ?     1687.     4to." 

"  An  Apologj'for  the  Church  of  England,  with  relation 
to  the  Spirit  of  Persecution  for  which  she  is  accused.  By 
Bishop  Burnet.     1687." 

In  the  ninth  volume  of  the  Somers  Tracts, 
p.  174. 

"  A  Letter  writ  by  Mign  Heer  Fagel,  Pensioner  of  Hol- 
land, to  Mr.  James  Stewart,  Advocate,  giving  an  Account 
of  the  Prince  and  Princess  of  Orange's  Thoughts  concern- 


ing the  Repeal  of  the  Test  and  the  Penal  Laws.    (Written 
Nov.  4th,  1687.)     4to.     Lond.  1688." 

In  the  ninth  volume  of  tlie  Somers  Tracts, 
p.  183. 

"  James  Stewart's  Answer  to  Mr.  Fagel.  1688." 
"  Their  Highness  tlie  Prince  and  Princess  of  Orange's 
Opinion  about  a  General  Liberty  of  Conscience,  &c.,  being 
a  Collection  of  four  select  Papers,  viz. :  1.  Mign  Heer 
Fagel's  First  Letter  to  Mr.  Stewart.  2.  Reflections  on 
Mons.  Fagel's  Letter.  3.  Fagel's  Second  Letter  to  Mr. 
Stewart.  4.  Some  Extracts  out  of  Mr.  Fagel's  printed 
Letter.     4to.     1689." 

"  Address  to  the  King  by  the  Bishop  of  Oxon,  to  be 
subscribed  by  the  Clergy  of  his  Diocese,  with  the  Reasons 
for  the  Subscription  to  the  Address,  and  the  Reasons 
against  it  by  the  Oxford  Clergy." 

In  the  ninth  volume  of  the  Somers  Tracts. 

"  A  Reply  to  the  Reasons  of  the  Oxford  Clergy  against 
addressing.    Lond.  1687.    4to." 

In  the  Somers  Tracts,  ib. 

"  Reasons  why  the  Church  of  Englarid  as  well  as  Dis- 
senters should  address  the  King  upon  his  late  gracious 
Declaration.    4to.     1687." 

"  Letters  containing  some  Reflections  on  his  Majesty's 
Declaration  for  Liberty  of  Conscience.     1687." 

"  The  Anatomy  of  an  Equivalent.  By  George  Savile, 
Marquis  of  Halifax.     1687." 

"The  Assurance  of  Abbey  and  other  Church  Lands  in 
England  to  the  Possessors,  cleared  from  the  Doubts  and 
Arguments  raised  about  the  Danger  of  Resumption.  By 
Nathaniel  Johnstone,  M.D.     8vo.     Lond.  1687." 

"  Abbey  and  other  Church  Lands  not  yet  assured  to 
such  Possessors  as  are  Roman  Catholics,  dedicated  to  the 
Nobility  and  Gentry  of  that  Religion." 

In  the  ninth  volume  of  the  Somers  Tracts, 
p.  68. 

"  A  Petition  of  William  Bancroft,  Archbishop  of  Can- 
terbury, and  Six  other  Bishops  to  his  Majesty  touching 
their  not  distributing  and  publishing  the  late  Declaration 
of  Liberty  of  Conscience.     4to.     1688." 

In  the  ninth  volume  of  the  Somers  Tracts, 
p.  115. 

"  A  Letter  from  a  Dissenter  to  the  petitioning  Bishops." 

Ibid.  p.  117. 

"  An  Answer  to  a  Paper  importing  a  Petition  of  the 
Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  &c.     1688." 

Ibid.  p.  119. 

"  The  Articles  recommended  by  the  Archbishop  of  Can- 
terbury to  all  the  Bishops  within  his  Metropolitan  Juris- 
diction, the  16th  of  July,  1688." 

Ibid.  p.  132. 

"  The  Examination  of  the  Bishops,  upon  their  Refusal 
of  reading  his  Majest^^'s  most  gracious  Declaration  ;  and 
the  Non-Concurrence  of  the  Church  of  England  in  Repeal 
of  the  Penal  Laws  and  Test  fully  debated  and  argued. 
1688." 

Ibid.  p.  134. 

"  A  Letter  of  several  French  Ministers,  fled  into  Ger- 
many upon  the  Account  of  the  Persecution  in  France,  to 
such  of  their  Brethren  in  England  as  approved  the  King's 
Declaration  touching  Liberty  of  Conscience.     1688." 

"  A  Letter  from  a  Clergyman  in  the  City  to  his  Friend 
in  the  Country,  containing  his  Reasons  for  not  reading 
the  Declaration.    1688.    4to.,  a  single  half  sheet." 


2nd  s.  No  49.,  Dec.  6.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


447 


"  An  Answer  to  a  Letter  from  a  Clergyman,  &c.  4to. 
Lond.  1688." 

"  A  Short  Discourse  concerning  the  reading  his  Ma- 
jesty's late  Declaration  in  the  Churches,  set  forth  by  the 
Right  Reverend  Father  in  God  Herbert  [Crofts],  Lord 
Bishop  of  Hereford.     1688.     4to." 

"  The  Legality  of  the  Court  held  by  his  Majesties  Ec- 
clesiastical Commissioners  defended.  Their  Proceedings 
no  Argument  against  the  taking  otf  Penal  Laws  and 
Tests.    Lond.  1688.    4to." 

"  The  King's  Right  of  Indulgence  in  Spiritual  Matters, 
with  the  Equity  thereof,  Asserted.  By  a  Person  of 
Honour  and  Eminent  Minister  of  State  lately  deceased 
[Arthur  Anneslev,  Earl  of  Angleseal.  Printed  by  Henry 
Care.    4to.  1688." 

BiBLIOTHECAB.  Ch£THAM. 


ALBERONI,    ON    THE    PARTITION    OF   TURKEY. 

There  was  published  in  1736  (London,  8vo.), 

"  Cardinal  Alberoni's  Scheme  for  reducing  the  Turkish 
Empire  to  the  Obedience  of  Christian  Princes :  and  for  a 
Partition  of  tlie  Conquests.  Together  with  a  Scheme  of  a 
perpetual  Dyet  for  establishing  the  Publick  Tranquillity." 

Of  the  authenticity  of  this  production  I  can 
learn  nothing.  It  is  represented  as  "  translated 
from  an  authentick  copy  of  the  Italian  MS.  in  the 
hands  of  the  Prince  de  la  Torella,  the  Sicilian 
Ambassador  at  the  Court  of  France,"  and  a  por- 
trait is  prefixed  of  the  Cardinal. 

Whether  genuine  or  the  reverse,  the  tract  is 
remarkable :  for  had  the  great  powers  united  in 
the  dismemberment  of  Turkey  in  the  manner  then 
suggested,  Russia  never  could  have  attained  the 
position  she  now  indubitably  possesses. 

The  first  proposition  was  the  creation  of  the 
empire  of  Constantinople,  whereof  the  Duke  of 
Holstein  Gottorp  was  to  be  ruler, — the  succession 
being  limited  to  heirs  male  of  the  body  only.  His 
dominion  was  to  consist  of  the  Turkish  possessions 
in  Asia  and  Africa,  with  the  province  of  Romania 
in  Europe. 

Now  for  Russia : 

"  The  dominions  of  her  Czarish  Majesty  being  already 
of  great  extent,  and  as  that  extraordinary  Princess  has 
given  the  most  shining  proofs  that  publick  liberty  is  her 
principal  view,  with  a  sincere  desire  of  propagating  re- 
ligion, we  have  the  greatest  reason  to  conclude  she  will 
look  upon  the  conquest  of  Asoph  and  Tartarj'  as  a  rea- 
sonable compensation  for  her  pretensions  to  the  new 
conquests." 

She  is  then  called  upon  to  restore  "  her  part  of 
Finland  to  the  crown  of  Sweden,  as  an  expedient 
that  will  conduce  very  much  towards  preserving 
the  tranquillity  of  the  north."  France  is  to 
get  "  Tunis  ; "  Spain,  "  Algiers ;  "  Portugal, 
"  Tripoli." 

Great  Britain  being  a  trading  country,  "  will 
not  permit  her  people  to  enlarge  their  dominions." 
She  is  to  be  contented  with  "  Candia,"  and  the 
city  of  Smyrna.  Holland  acquires  Rhodes  and 
Aleppo. 


Poland,  having  been  "  a  rampart  to  Christen- 
dom," is  to  have  Moldavia,  and  all  the  country  of 
the  Budzian  Tartars  :  — the  crown  to  be  "  heredi- 
tary in  the  House  of  Saxony,"  as  the  only  remedy 
that  "  can  prevent  those  evils  that  will  inevitably 
attend  all  their  future  elections." 

Alberoni  was  born  March  30,  1664 ;  and  died 
June  25,  1752.  According  to  the  Biographie 
Universelle  (Paris,  1811,  vol.  i.  p.  399.),  the  Testa- 
ment Politique,  published  in  his  name  after  his 
death,  was  written  by  Maubert  de  Gouvest.  Now 
the  Scheme  above  noticed  was  published  in  1736, 
during  the  lifetime  of  the  Cardinal ;  and  as  he 
survived  its  appearance  sixteen  years,  it  may  not 
unreasonably  be  presumed  that  he  must  in  some 
way  or  the  other  have  either  seen,  or  have  had 
notice  of  it.  J.  Mr, 


ENGLISH  AND  FOREIGN  ARCHITECTURE. 

Some  time  since  ("N.  &  Q.,"  !•»  S.  x.  484.) 
an  anonymous  writer  inquired  to  what  date  he 
might  assign  those  foreign  chui'ches  which,  had  it 
been  their  fortune  to  have  stood  on  English 
ground,  would  have  been  classed  with  Early  En- 
glish remains.  I  believe  the  Early  English  style, 
in  all  its  peculiar  purity,  is  not  to  be  found  out  of 
our  island  ;  and  I  have  the  authority  of  Professor 
Whewell  for  supposing  so,  who  writes,  in  his  ad- 
mirable Architectural  Notes  on  German  Churches, 
Src.:  — 

"  It  seems  to  me  a  most  curious  fact,  that  the  English 
architects  should  have  gone  by  a  path  of  their  own  to  the 
consummation  of  Gothic  architecture,  and  should  on  the 
road  have  discovered  a  style  full  of  beauty  and  unity,  and 
quite  finished  in  itself,  which  escaped  their  German 
brother  artists."  —  P.  8. 

And  from  other  passages  in  the  same  work, 
Professor  Whewell  seems  to  infer  that  the  Gothic 
tastes  of  the  twelfth  century  grafted  themselves 
on  the  old  Romanesque,  and,  gradually  obtaining 
the  mastery,  burst  into  perfection  in  the  "  Deco- 
rated" style.  The  fact  that  this  intermediate 
step  is  wanting  in  foreign  architecture  makes  a 
perfect  parallel  view  of  the  rise  and  progress  of 
the  Gothic  architecture  at  home  and  abroad,  to  a 
certain  degree,  impossible.  Should  my  table  be 
of  any  use,  however,  to  your  readers,  it  is  at  their 
service ;  and  I  insert  it  with  the  more  pleasure, 
because  I  hope  that  the  Notes  of  the  architectural 
contributors  of  "N.  &  Q."  may  lead  to  a  more 
perfect  understanding  between  architects, — En- 
glish and  foreign. 

My  authorities  have  been  Bloxam's  invaluable 
Principles  of  Gothic  Ecclesiastical  Architecture ; 
M.  Schayes'  Histoire  de  L Architecture  en  Belgique, 
an  extremely  useful  guide  to  all  lovers  of  archi- 
tecture travelling  in  Belgium  ;  and  M.  de  Ca«- 
mont's  A.  B.  C.  de  L' Architecture,  published  three 
years  since  in  Paris,  which  catches  the  prominent 


448 


N'OTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"*  S.  No  49.,  Dec.  6.  '56, 


points  of  architectural  history  and  art  admirably, 
and  on  which  M.  Schayes'  work  is  founded : 

"  In  France. 

Transition,  ou  Romano  Ogival    -        -        -  -  1125 

Ogival  Primaires,  ou,  h.  Lancettes       -        -  -  1250 

Ogival  Secondaires,  ou  Rayonnant       -        -  -  1320 

Ogival  Tertiare,  ou  Flamboyant          .        .  -  1400 

Renaissance       -------  1550 

Reaction  in  favour  of  Classic  Architecture  -  1700 

Return  to  Gothic  Architecture   -        -        -  -  1800 

"  In  England, 

Transition 1150 

Early  English 1200 

Decorated  -------  1320 

Florid  Perpendicular  -----  1400 

Debased 1550 

Reaction  in  favour  of  Classic  Art         -        -        .  1700 

Return  to  Gothic  Architecture  -        -        -        -  1800" 

As  touching  the  point  in  question,  and  as  well 
worthy  of  study  to  those  examining  the  transi- 
tional style,  I  may  be  allowed  to  recommend  the 
church  of  S.  Quentin,  at  Tournai,  which  is,  I 
should  be  afraid,  too  often  passed  over  with  only 
a  cursory  glance,  standing  as  It  does  eclipsed  by 
the  noble  Komanesque  cathedral  on  the  other  side 
the  Market  Place.  T.  H.  Pattison. 


Miwat  flaiti. 

Lord  Palmerston  and  Pope.  —  Some  half  cen- 
tury ago,  an  accusation  was  originated,  in  what 
was  called  the  Cockney  School,  I  think,  against 
Pope,  that  he  was  an  enemy  to  "  a  little  learning," 
absolutely  as  such : 

"  A  little  learning  is  a  dangerous  thing. 
Drink  deep,  or  taste  not  the  Pierian  spring." 

"  This,"  said  Lord  Palmerston,  the  other  day, 
"  is  a  mistake,  and  much  error  has  it  produced." 
This  latter  assertion  may  be  true,  as  far  as  those 
are  concerned  who,  like  his  Lordship,  have  not 
taken  the  pains  to  apply  their  learning,  great  or 
little,  to  the  right  understanding  of  the  poet's 
meaning. 

Lord  Palmerston  continues,  "  A  little  know- 
ledge Is  better  than  none."  Very  true  ;  but  he, 
and  the  rest  of  the  misinterpreters  of  our  poet, 
ought  to  have  understood,  that  the  learning  of  the 
"  intoxicated  "  aspirant  to  the  favour  of  the 
Muses  (intended  by  Pope),  and  the  knowledge 
useful  to  the  humblest  member  of  society  (in- 
tended by  his  Lordship)  are  very  different  objects 
of  attainment. 

Again,  what  are  the  effects  against  which  the 
poet  Is  so  earnestly  warning  "  fearless  youth  "  ? 
Read  the  few  lines  that  precede,  and  It  will  be 
clearly  seen  that  it  Is  against  pride,  and  that  pre- 
sumption with  which  shallow  draughts  intoxicate 
many  a  "  we  "  of  our  own  day. 


He  has  before  admonished  those  to  whom  his 
counsels  are  addressed,  In  these  emphatic  terms : 

"  Be  sure  yourself  and  your  own  reach  to  know, 
How  far  your  genius,  taste,  and  learning  go." 

It  was  in  a  similar  spirit  of  admonition  that 
Bacon  tells  us,  "  a  little  philosophy  inclineth  man's 
mind  to  Atheisme  ;  but  depth  in  philosophy 
bringeth  men's  minds  about  to  Religion."  Q. 

Bloomsbury. 

'•'■  Lofer^''  Origin  of  the  Word.  —  An  American 
whom  I  met  in  a  Swiss  mountain  walk,  some 
five  years  since,  claimed  the  word,  and  gave  this 
derivation: — An  old  Dutchman  settled  at  New 
York,  and  acquired  In  trade  a  considerable  for- 
tune. He  had  an  only  daughter,  and  a  young 
American  fell  in  love  with  her,  or  her  dollars,  or 
both.  The  old  father  forbid  him  his  house,  but 
the  daughter  encouraged  him.  Whenever  the 
old  merchant  saw  the  lover  about  his  premises,  he 
used  to  exclaim  to  his  daughter,  "  there  is  that 
'lofer'  of  yours,  the  Idle,  good-for-nothing,"  &c. ; 
and  so  an  Idle  man,  hanging  about,  came  to  be 
called  a  "  lofer."  A.  Holt  White. 

Vegetable  Bread  and  Wine. — Last  winter  a 
Mr.  Wilkins  delivered  some  lectures  In  London 
upon  a  new  mode  of  cultivation.  With  great 
emphasis,  and  some  broad  humour,  he  spoke  on 
the  advantages  of  his  system.  He  showed  that 
by  plenteous  and  judicious  manuring,  and  several 
novel  arrangements,  crops  might  be  enormously 
multiplied.  But,  besides  this,  he  spoke  of,  and 
exhibited,  and  handed  round  for  his  auditors  to 
"  taste  and  try,"  a -species  of  bread  made  from  man- 
gold-wurtzel.  And  very  nice  bread  It  was  ;  light 
and  sweet,  and  moist, — greatly  superior  to  rice- 
bread,  or  the  bread  made  from  the  "potato-flour." 
But  now  Mr.  Wilkins  has  succeeded  In  extracting 
wine  from  the  same  vegetable.  I  have  not  had  an 
opportunity  of  tasting  this ;  but  the  Beading 
Mercury  says,  that  it  is  likely  to  be  a  very  pleasant 
drink.  As  yet  none  has  been  kept  long  enough. 
This  wine  will  sell  at  6d.  per  quart.  Threlkeld. 
Cambridge. 

Old  Chapel  Burnt. — The  destruction  at  once 
of  "  an  antique  oratory,"  and  of  the  evidence  of  a 
Protestant  miracle,  is  a  fact  which  seems  worthy 
to  be  recorded  in  "  N.  &  Q."  I  therefore  for- 
ward an  extract  from  the  Manchester  Examiner 
and  I'imes  of  November  11,  1856  ;  hoping  that  its 
Imperfect  grammar  will  not  cause  its  rejection :  — 

"  Yesterday  afternoon,  about  three  o'clock,  some  work- 
people engaged  on  the  grounds  at  Smethell's  Hall  *  (the 
seat  of  Peter  Ainsworth,  Esq.)  were  alarmed  by  a  smell 
of  burning  timber;  and,  on  going  to  the  chapel  adjoining 
the  hall,  a  fire  was  discovered  to  be  raging  within.  An 
alarm  was  instantly  raised,  and  messengers  despatched  to 
the  works  of  Mr.  J.  H.  Ainsworth,  and  a  large  number  of 

*  Near  Bolton-le-Moors. 


2nd  s.  No  49.,  Dec.  6.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


449 


work-people,  together  with  the  engine  belonging  to  the 
works,  was  shortly  at  the  place,  and  rendered  every  as- 
sistance. Other  engines  also  arrived,  but  the  fire  had 
got  such  mastery,  and  the  whole  of  the  interior  of  the 
chapel  being  timber,  the  roof  fell  in,  and  it  occupied  an- 
other hour  in  effectually  quelling  it.  The  result  has 
been  the  destruction  of  the  chapel  and  vestry,  which  was 
one  of  great  antiquity,  and  held  a  prominent  place  in  the 
history  of  the  troublous  times  of  1555 ;  George  Marsh, 
one  of  the  mart3'TS  of  those  days,  having,  according  to 
tradition,  stamped  his  foot  upon  the  place  where  he  stood, 
near  the  door  of  the  entrance,  'in  confirmation  of  the 
truth  of  his  opinions ;  a  miraculous  impression  was  made 
upon  the  stone,  as  a  perpetual  memorial  of  the  injustice 
of  his  enemies,'  leaving  a  natural  cavity  in  a  flag  some- 
what resembling  the  print  of  a  man's  foot,  which  neither 
time  nor  labour  can  efi^ace.  However  incredible  this  tra- 
dition may  appear,  it  is  referred  to  in  Baines's  History  of 
Lancashire,  and  it  is  in  the  memory  of  '  the  oldest  in- 
habitant' that  this  footprint  has  been  a  great  source  of 
attraction  to  the  visitors  to  this  ancient  chapel.  The  loss, 
of  course,  will  be  irreparable,  there  being  a  considerable 
quantity  of  oak  carving  destroyed,  and  no  doubt  the  pro- 
prietor will  feel  deeply  the  destruction  of  so  venerable  a 
pile.    How  the  fire  originated  is  not  known." 

F. 

Toothless  Woman. — The  following  is  an  extract 
from  the  register  of  burials  at  Gayton-le-Marsh, 
Lincolnshire,  duly  certified  by  F.  Burton,  curate : 

"  Elizabeth  Cook,  a  poor  woman,  aged  86,  and  who 
never  had  a  tooth,  was  buried  Jan.  11,  1798." 

P.  R. 

Epitaph  on  Earl  of  Stirling.  —  In  reading  the 
last  number  of  the  Edinburgh  Christian  Maga- 
zine, I  met  with  the  following  epitaph,  which  may 
not  be  unworthy  of  being  inserted  in  "  N.  &  Q." 

It  is  on  Sir  William  Alexander,  first  Earl  of 
Stirling,  and  was  occasioned  by  the  facts  of  his 
having  translated  the  Psalms,  and  obtained  a 
monopoly  of  the  printing  and  sale  of  them,  and 
of  his  having  had  the  privilege  conferred  upon 
him  of  coining  copper  money,  as  a  solatium  for 
the  opposition  made  by  the  Scotch  to  the  intro- 
duction of  his  New  Version. 

"  Here  layes  a  fermer  and  a  miliar," 
A  Poet  and  a  psalme  book  spillar  (spoiler), 
A  purchessour  by  hooke  and  crooke, 
A  forger  of  the  Service-booke, 
A  coppersmith  quho  did  much  evil, 
A  friend  to  bischopes  and  ye  devill ; 
A  vain,  ambitious,  flattering  thing, 
Late  Secretary  for  a  King. 
Some  tragedies  in  verse  he  pen'd. 
At  last  he  made  a  tragicke  end." 

Alex.  Thomson  Grant. 
Aberdeen. 


widow ;  that  she  then  married  happily  to  a  noble  gentle- 
man, the  brother  and  heir  of  the  Lord  Danvers,  Earl  of 
Danby,  who  did  most  highly  value  both  her  person  and 
the  most  excellent  endowments  of  her  mind." 

This  noble  gentleman  was  Sir  John  Danvers, 
respecting  whom  Zouch  and  the  rest  of  Walton's 
editors  are  most  mysteriously  silent,  perhaps 
thinking  with  the  honest  angler  the  less  said  about 
his  many  short-comings  the  better.  Sir  John 
Danvers  resided  at  Danvers  House,  Chel.«ea,  and 
was  at  one  time  a  gentleman  of  the  privy  chamber 
to  Charles  I.  After  the  death  of  Lady  Danvers 
in  1627,  he  became  deeply  plunged  in  debt,  and 
to  extricate  himself  from  his  difficulties  identified 
himself  with  the  regicides.  Time  passes  on,  and 
we  find  him  sitting  as  a  judge  at  the  trial  of 
Charles  I.,  and  affixing  his  signature  to  the  death- 
warrant  of  his  sovereign.  Cf.  Clarendon's  Hist, 
of  the  Rebellion,  iv.  536.,  edit.  1849  ;  Cobbett's 
Pari.  Hist.,  iii.  1596  ;  and  Faulkner's  Chelsea^ 
i.  172.;  ii.  143.,  edit.  1829.  Echard,  however, 
has  the  following  curious  passage  : 

"  One  of  the  most  inveterate  of  the  King's  judges.  Sir 
John  Danvers,  was  a  professed  papist,  and  so  continued 
to  the  day  of  his  death,  as  his  own  daughter  has  suffi- 
ciently attested."  —  Hist,  of  England,  p.  647. 

What  authority  has  Echard  for  this  statement  ? 
for  it  is  remarkable  to  find  "  a  professed  papist  " 
sitting  on  the  same  judgment-seat  with  Oliver 
Cromwell!  Sir  John  Danvers  died  in  1659,  the 
year  before  the  Restoration,  and  thereby  escaped 
an  ignominious  death ;  but  all  his  estates,  both 
real  and  personal,  were  confiscated  in  1661. 

J.  Yeowell. 


SIR   JOHN   DANVERS. 

In  Izaak  Walton's  Life  of  George  Herbert, 
where  speaking  of  the  second  marriage  of  Mrs. 
Magdalen  Herbert,  George's  mother,  he  says  : 

"  I  am  next  to  tell  that  she  continued  twelve  years  a 


Mintit  <SiVitKiti. 

Bishop  Latimer.  —  I  have  heard  it  stated  that 
Mr.  Moresby  Snaith's  mother,  late  of  Barnard- 
Castle,  in  the  county  of  Durham,  whose  maidea 
name  was  Ann  Latimer,  was  a  descendant  of 
Bishop  Latimer.  The  pedigree,  from  the  Bishop 
to  Ann  Latimer,  or  any  other  information  re- 
specting the  family,  would  be  very  acceptable  to 

Sigma. 

Moschiis.  —  Who  is  the  author  of  The  Poetical 
Works  of  Moschus,  in  2  vols. ;  published  by  Simp- 
kin,  Marshall,  &  Co.,  in  1850  ?  R.  Inglis. 

Old  Buildings —  Has  it  ever  been  ascertained 
which  is  the  oldest  building  in  the  British  Isles  ? 
I  mean,  not  a  ruin,  but  a  building  now  inhabited 
or  occupied,  either  as  mansion,  church,  public 
hall,  &c.  Rufus's  Hall  at  Westminster  is  an  in- 
stance of  my  meaning.  Is  there  any  building  ia 
use  older  than  that  ?  Stylites. 

Sir  William  Petty.  —  Watt  makes  mention  of  a 
publication  entitled  A  Brief e  of  Proceedings  be- 


450 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  No  49.,  Dec.  6.  '56. 


tween  Sir  Jerome  Sanhey  and  the  Author^  by  Sir 
W.  Petty,  London,  1659,  fol.  ;  but  Major  Larcom, 
in  his  edition  of  The  Down  Survey,  printed  by  tlie 
Irish  Archaeological  Society,  says  that  he  was 
unable,  after  much  search,  to  nieet  with  a  copy. 
Can  you  tell  me  where  one  may  be  found  ? 

Abhba. 

Armorial.  —  I  shall  be  much  obliged  if  any  one 
can  inform  me  to  what  family  the  following  arms 
belong,  copied  from  stained  glass  in  my  parish 
church  :  azure,  within  a  bordure  engrailed,  or,  six 
lions  rampant,  argent.  F.  S.  Growse. 

Bildestone,  Suffolk. 

Family  of  White  of  Fittleford,  Sfc  — Martin 
White  of  Fittleford,  co.  Dorset,  Esq.,  was  seized 
of  that  manor,  12  Car.  I.  (His  mother  was  a  co- 
heiress of  Martin  of  Athelhampston,  of  the  family 
of  Kemeys,  and  niece  of  Nicholas  Wadham,  y'' 
founder  of  y*  college.  —  Vide  the  Pedigree  so  far 
in  Hutchins's  Dorset.)  His  second  son,  John 
White,  was  admitted  of  the  Inner  Temple,  Oct. 
25,  1634.  —Vide  books  of  that  Inn. 

Winifred,  a  da.  of  this  John  White  of  y«  Inner 
Temple,  married,  about  1653,  Peter  Noyes,  Esq., 
of  Tounkwell,  co.  Berks. — Vide  Visitation  of 
Serks. 

Query,  Who  was  the  wife  of  the  said  Martin 
White,  and  of  his  said  second  son,  John  White? 
and  what  was  the  name  of  his  eldest  son  ?  and  did 
he  also  marry  and  leave  issue  ?  In  short,  any  in- 
formation concerning  the  descendants  of  the  said 
Martin  White  will  be  very  acceptable  to 

Memor. 

Sir  John  Hayward.  —  Information  is  required 
respecting  Sir  John  HaywarJ,  historian  about  the 
reign  of  Elizabeth.  I  wish  to  obtain,  if  possible, 
particulars  of  his  birth  and  parentage.       Sydney. 

Hospital  of  St.  Cross.  —  I  send  you  the  follow- 
ing Note  (accompanied  with  a  Query)  transcribed 
from  a  paragraph  in  a  scrap  book  belonging  to  a 
friend : 

■  "  The  Hospital  of  S.  Cross.  — The  following  memoran- 
dum was  taken  from  a  book  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  Ban- 
dall,  Steward  of  the  Hospital  in  the  year  1789,  entitled 
Memorandums  of  curious  things  concerning  St.  Cross 
Hospital:  '  Ecclesia  S.  Fides  et  S.  Crux  juncta  Maius 
decimus  1507.  Fox  ep"»  et  custos  S.  Crucis.  Joannes 
Claymond  Antistes.  Ista  ccetus  confirmabat  pro  mea 
auctoritate  qui  adjungere  pot  [the  latter  part  of  this  word 
is  worm-eaten]  Joannes  Poynet,  primus  Episcopus  Re- 
ligionis  reformata;  et  Patronus,  1552,  Joannes  Tncentius, 
magister.'  The  above  was  copied  by  me  from  a  manu- 
script signed  John  Young,  Dean  of  Winton  Cathedral, 
who  was  son  to  Sir  Peter  Young,  the  Master  of  the  Hos- 
pital in  1618,  and  who  managed  its  concerns  for  his 
father,  and  who  made  one  Mr.  Wright  both  chaplain  and 
steward,  and  from  whose  documents  in  the  chest  of  the 
hospital  he  copied  them.  From  a  document  dated 
March  17,  1655,  signed  William  Lewis,  Master  of  St. 
Cross  Hospital,  it  appears  that  Wright's  widow  burnt  all 
•the  hospital  papers  and  register  books,  and  amongst  them 


the  deed  of  union  of  the  two  parishes.    Signed,  John 
Hunt,  chaplain,  1676." 

Are  any  further  particulars  known  in  regard  to 
the  circumstances  here  alluded  to  ? 

OXONIENSIS. 

"■Praise  God!  Praise  God!"  — The  Rev.  R. 
J.  Cooper  would  thank  the  editor  to  insert  a  few 
lines  of  the  following  poem,  with  a  view  to  ascer- 
taining the  author  of  it : 

"  A  little  child, 
A  little  meek-faced  quiet  village  child, 
Sat  singing  by  her  cottage  door  at  eve 
A  low  sweet  Sabbath  song —  no  human  ear 
Caught  the  faint  melodj'  —  no  human  eye 
Beheld  the  upturned  aspect,  or  the  smile 
That  wreath'd  her  innocent  lips,  the  while 
They  breathed 

The  oft- repeated  burden  of  the  hymn 
'  Praise  God !  Praise  God ! ' 

"  A  Seraph  bj'  the  throne 
In  the  full  glory  shone.     With  eager  hand 
He  smote  the  golden  harp-strings,  till  a  flood 
Of  harmony  on  the  celestial  air 
Gush'd  forth  unceasing." 
Scalby,  W.  Scarborough. 

Quotation  ivanted:  "  Then  down  came  the  Tem- 
plars" ^c.  —  Where  do  the  lines  occur  : 

"  Then  down  came  the  Templars  like  Kedron  in  flood. 
And  dyed  their  long  lances  in  Saracen  blood."  ? 

They  sound  like  Croly's,  but  I  cannot  lay  my 
hands  on  them.  N.  G.  T. 

"  Oxford  Prize  PoemsV  —  The  published  series 
of  these  dates  only  from  1806  in  a  continuous  line  ; 
but  five  earlier  are  prefixed,  of  which  the  first  is 
of  1768.  Were  there  intermediate  poems  ?  and 
if  so,  where  are  they  ?  W.  T.  M. 

Hong  Kong. 

"  Maurice  and  Berghetta ;  or  the  Priest  of  Ra- 
hery."  —  Who  was  the  author  of  this  beautiful, 
but  now  forgotten  tale  ?  It  has  been  attributed 
to  Sir  Henry  Parnell.  j3. 

Standard  Office,  Montrose. 

Spiders'  Webs.  —  Has  any  observant  and  pains- 
taking naturalist  favoured  the  world  with  de- 
scriptions and  delineations,  from  accurate  observa- 
tion of  nature,  of  these  curious  structures  ?  And, 
if  so,  in  what  published  work  are  they  to  be 
found  ?  Arachne. 

Heraldry  of  Jersey.  —  I  am  compiling  a  work 
on  the  Heraldry  of  the  Island  of  Jersey  ;  may  I, 
through  your  columns,  beg  your  many  heraldic 
correspondents  to  favour  me  with  any  information 
at  their  command  with  regard  to  the  families 
of  Jersey,  their  extraction  and  bearings?  Any 
drawings  or  works  on  the  subject  would  be  a 
great  desideratum.  J.  Bertband  Payne. 

Holmesdale,  Jersey. 


2^*  S.  No  49.,  Dec.  6.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


451 


"  Lives  of  Eminent  Lawj/ers^  —  Kearsley,  the 
bookseller,  published  in  1790,  in  one  volume  8vo., 
"  Strictures  on  the  Lives  and  Characters  of  the  most 
Eminent  Lawyers  of  the  Present  Day,  including, 
among  other  celebrated  names,  those  of  the  Lord 
Cliancellor  and  the  Twelve  Judges."  Chancellor 
Thurlow  is  severely  handled,  perhaps  deservedly. 
The  author  is  not  severe  indiscriminately ;  on  the 
contrary,  in  many  instances  he  does  justice  to  the 
virtues  of  those  whose  lives  he  has  sketched. 

One  passage  from  the  notice  of  Thurlow  may 
be  worth  quoting  :  — 

"  It  has  been  the  misfortune  of  this  country,  that  the 
legal  and  political  characters  have  been  lately  so  blended, 
that  more  attention  has  been  paid,  to  the  latter  than  the 
former,  and  often  at  the  expense  of  it.  This  was  not 
formerly  the  case ;  and  we  pronounce  without  hesitation, 
that  the  public  suffers  by  the  unnatural  unron.  Let  those 
who  have  been  so  long  anxiously  looking  for  decrees  in 
the  Court  of  Chancery  be  asked  their  sentiments  of  a 
political  Chancellor,  they  will  paint  their  miserj'  in  such 
colours  as  must  convince  every  impartial  person  that  the 
supremacy  in  the  House  of  Lords,  and  in  the  first  Court 
of  Equity,  should  not  be  in  the  same  person." 

This  was  written  in  1790,  and  it  would  be  im- 
portant to  ascertain  who  it  was  that  upwards  of 
sixty  years  ago  ventured  to  speak  out  so  boldly. 

J.  Mt. 

Edmund  Peacham.  —  Mb.  Rimbault's  state- 
ment (2""*  S.  ii.  427.)  with  regard  to  the  character 
of  Peaoham's  book  seems  to  imply  that  he  has  seen 
a  copy  of  it,  or  at  least  some  account  of  its  con- 
tents. I  should  be  very  glad  to  know  where  any 
such  is  to  be  found.  I  was  not  aware  that  any- 
thing was  known  of  the  nature  of  the  writing  in 
question  (a  sermon  in  MS.,  I  believe),  more  than 
may  be  gathered  from  the  interrogatories  upon 
which  Peacham  was  examined,  and  from  a  paper 
on  the  subject  addressed  by  the  king  to  the 
council.  The  popular  impression  as  to  the  cha- 
racter of  it,  at  the  time  of  the  trial,  (for  which  see 
Chamberlain's  letter  to  Carleton,  ATig.  14,  1615  ; 
Halliivell,  vol.  ii.  p.  370.),  is  difficult  to  reconcile 
with  Me.  Rimbault's  statement.  J.  S. 

George  Herbert's  Sinecure.  —  What  was  this 
sinecure  presented  to  Herbert  by  James  I.  on  the 
death  of  Dr.  Parry,  Bishop  of  St.  Asaph,  who  died 
26th  Sept.  1623  ?  It  had  been  previously  held 
by  Sir  Philip  Sidney.  It  seems  to  have  been  some 
post  connected  with  Wales.  J.  Y. 


Pope  Urban  VL.  —  Selden,  in  his  Table  Talk, 
makes  the  following  statement : 

"  The  Papists  call  our  religion  a  Parliamentary  religion, 
but  there  was  once,  I  am  sure,  a  Parliamentary  Pope. 
Pope  Urban  (VI.)  was  made  Pope  in  England  by  Act  of 
Parliament  against  Pope  Clement  (Vll.).  The  Act  is  not 
in  the  Book  of  Statutes,  either  because  he  that  compiled 


the  Book  would  not  have  the  name  of  Pope  there,  or  else 
he  would  not  iet  it  appear  that  they  meddled  with  any 
such  thing,  but  'tis  upon  the  Polls." 

It  is  an  historical  fact  that  England  sided  with 
Urban ;  but  what  are  we  to  understand  by  "  'tis 
in  the  Rolls  "  ?  Clekicus  (D.). 

[The  Roll  referred  to  by  Selden,  somewhat  mutilated, 
is  given  in  the  printed  Rolls  of  Parliament,  vol.  iii.  p.  48. 
sect.  78.,  under  2  Rich.  II.  1378.  We  quote  a  passage 
from  it :  "  Que  le  dit  Urban  estoit  duement  esluz  en  Pape, 
et  que  ....  il  et  ...  .  doit  estre  verraie  Pape,  et  .  .  . 
de  Sainte  Esglise  Ten  doit  accepter  et  obeir.  Et  a  ce 
faire  s'accorderent  toutz  les  Prelatz,  Seigurs,  et  Goes  en 
le  Parlement  avaunt  dit."] 

The  New  President  of  the  United  States.  —  A 
paragraph  has  been  going  the  round  of  the  news- 
papers as  follows  : 

"  The  New  American  President  an  Irishman.  —  It  is  not 
generally  known  that  Mr.  Buchanan  may  be  claimed  by 
Ulster.  We  understand  that  he  was  born  at  Omagh,  in 
the  county  of  Tyrone ;  and  we  are  told  that  he  emigrated, 
to  act  as  British  Consul  to  New  York."  — Northern  Whig. 

In  a  late  number  of  "  N.  &  Q."  (2"<>  S.  ii.  396.) 
is  an  article  intituled  '■'■Honora  Sneyd:  Miss 
Edgeworth :  Major  Andre"  at  the  end  of  which  is 
a  letter  dated  New  York,  Dec.  25,  1821,  respect- 
ing some  offerings  "  To  any  of  the  relatives  of  the 
late  Major  Andre,  London,"  and  ending,  — 

"  If  these  tokens  of  sympathy  and  respect  are  received, 
please  inform  us  through  the  British  Consul,  Mr.  Bu- 
chanan, of  this  city,  or  the  London  Courier." 

Query,  is  this  Mr.  Buchanan  that  Mr.  Bu- 
chanan ?  J,  S.  s. 

[Clearly  not.  The  new  President  of  the  United  States 
was  born  on  the  13th  April,  1791,  in  the  county  of  Frank- 
lin, State  of  Pennsylvania.  See  Bogue's  Men  of  the 
Time.-]  ■' 

^^Cair  guin  truis."  —  On  what  grounds  is  the 
ancient  Cair  guin  truis  (see  Nennius's  Hist,  of  the 
Britons,  vol.  iii.  p.  7.)  supposed  by  some  to  be 
identical  with  Norwich  ?  Rovillds. 

Norwich. 

[In  Ussher's  list  of  the  British  cities  (Britan.  Eccles. 
Antiq.,  p.  59.)  the  name  of  this  place  is  Cair-Guintguic, 
which  he  says  "  may  perhaps  have  been  Norwich  (called 
by  the  Britons,  Cair-Guntin),  or  rather  Winwick,  in  Lan- 
cashire ;  but  according  to  the  expounder  of  Nennius,  it  is 
Winton,  or  Winchester."] 

Kit-cat  Club. — Is  there  not  a  picture  by  Kneller 
containing  the  portraits  of  members  of  this  Club  ? 
Where  does  it  exist  ?  and  what  is  the  subject  of 
it  ?  Sttlites. 

[Jacob  Tonson,  who  was  the  key-stone  of  the  Kit-Cat 
Club,  was  in  high  favour  with  all  its  members,  who  pre- 
sented him  with  their  portraits.  These  portraits  were 
executed  by  Sir  Godfrey  Kneller,  all  uniform  in  size,  and 
were  hung  up  in  the  room  which  Tonson  had  added  to 
his  residence  at  Barn  Elms  for  the  meetings  of  the  club. 
These  pictures,  on  the  death  of  old  Tonson's  nephew 
Jacob,  came  into  the  possession  of  hja  brother  Richard, 


452 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°*  S.  NO  49.,  Dec.  G.  '56. 


■who  removed  them  to  his  residence  at  Water-Oakley, 
near  Windsor,  where  he  bviilt  a  gallery,  lighted  at  the 
top  by  a  dome,  and  an  ante-room,  for  their  reception. 
The  3Iemoirs  of  the  Celebrated  Persons  composing  the  Kit- 
Cat  Club,  fo\.  1821,  is  ilhistrated  with  forty-eight  portraits 
from  the  original  paintings  by  Sir  Godfrey  Kneller.] 

Quotations  Wanted. — 

"  Flumina  amem  silvasque  inglorius." 
[Virgil,  Georg.,  lib.  ii.  486.] 

" .        .        ,        Amongst  the  coollj^  shade 

Of  tlie  green  alders  by  tlie  Mullaes  shore." 

r  Spenser,  "  Colin  Clout's  come  Home  again,"  line  58.] 

^'  They  found  no  end,  in  wandering  mazes  lost." 

[ISIilton's  Paradise  Lost,  book  ii.] 

G.  Fv.  B. 

Boston,  Mass. 

Yellow  for  Mourning. — I  do  not  know  whether 
the  question  has  been  mooted  before,  but  I  take 
my  chance. 

Mr.  Froude  says,  in  his  History  of  England  : 

"  The  Court  was  ordered  into  mourning :  a  command 
which  Anno  Bolyne  only  had  the  bad  taste  to  disobey." 

There  is  a  note  from  Hall :  "  Queen  Anne  wore 
yellow  for  mourning."  Why  should  he  take  Lin- 
gard's  authority  against  Hall's  ?  or  can  it  be  pos- 
sible that  he  is  not  aware  that  yellow  was  mourn- 
ing, as  the  old  song,  "Black  and  Yellow,"  might 
have  told  him  ?  E.  H.  K. 

[Pepys,  on  the  Lord's  Day,  Sept.  16,  1660,  says,  "  To 
the  park,  where  I  saw  how  far  they  had  proceeded  in  the 
Pell-Meli,  and  in  making  a  river  through  the  park,  which 
I  had  never  seen  before  since  it  was  begun.  Thence  to 
White  Hall  Garden,  where  I  saw  the  king  [Charles  II.] 
in  purple  mourning  for  his  brother  "  [Henry,  Duke  of 
Gloucester].  To  this  passage  is  appended  the  following 
note  from  Ward's  Diary,  p.  177  :  "  The  Queen-mother  of 
France  died  at  Agrippina,  1642,  and  her  son  Louis,  1643, 
for  whom  King  Charles  mourned  in  Oxford  in  purple, 
which  is  Prince's  mourning."  Of.  "  N.  &  Q."  1"  S.  x. 
178.] 


OBSERVATION    OF    SAINTS*   DATS. 

(2°''  S.  ii.  43.) 

Your  correspondent  F.  S.  has  referred  to  a  pas- 
sage in  Mr.  Fynes  Clinton's  Literary  Remains 
(p.  387.),  where  that  learned  writer  states,  that 
"  the  authority  upon  which  the  saints'  days  stand 
in  our  Calendar  ought  to  be  considered,  being 
carried  only  in  Convocation  by  a  single  vote." 

We  may  ask  whether  Mr.  Clinton  has  here 
given  a  perfectly  candid  statement  ?  His  lan- 
guage might  lead  us  to  suppose  that  the  observ- 
ance or  non-observance  of  saints'  days  was  the 
single  subject  debated ;  but  the  fact  is,  that  several 
other  articles  were  at  the  same  time  offered  for 
consideration  to  the  Lower  House,  to  be  approved 
or  rejected,  viz. : 


1.  The  position  of  the  minister  when  reading 
prayers. 

2.  The  omission  of  the  cross  in  baptism. 

3.  Kneeling  at  the  Holy  Communion. 

4.  The  surplice  to  be  used. 

5.  Organs  to  be  removed. 

On  these  several  articles  there  was  "  a  great 
contest  in  the  House,"  particularly  as  to  the 
kneeling  at  the  Holy  Communion.  Those  who 
favoured  the  Articles,  we  are  told,  were  "  divines 
who  had  lately  lived  abroad,  either  in  Geneva, 
Switzerland,  or  Germany.  The  divines  on  the 
other  side  reckoned  the  wisdom,  learning,  and 
piety  of  Cranmer,  Ridley,  and  other  reformers  of 
the  Church,  to  be  equal  every  way  with  those  of 
the  foreign  reformers."  (Strype's  Annals^  vol.  i. 
part  I.  p.  5m.') 

Latimer,  however  adverse  to  making  new  holy- 
days,  and  strong  in  his  language  against  the  abuse 
of  holydays  in  general  (Sermon  5,),  voted  with 
the  majority. 

Strype  numbers  twenty-five  other  divines 
(Including  seven  deans  and  nine  archdeacons) 
"  that  appeared  not  at  this  concertation,  neither  in 
person  nor  proxy."  May  we  not  assume  that 
many  of  them  might  in  opinion  be  numbered  with 
the  majority,  and  add  to  the  number  of  fifty-nine? 

A  striking  proof  of  the  ignorance  of  the  clergy 
in  Latimer's  day  is  given  in  Sermon  38.,  where 
he  says  : 

"  It  were  better  for  me  to  teach  my  family  at  home, 
than  to  go  to  church  —  and  spend  my  time  in  vain,  and 
so  lose  my  labour ;  if  the  curate  were  as  he  ought  to  be, 
I  would  not  be  from  the  church  upon  the  holiday." 

J.  H.  M. 


PEOPORTION   OF    MALES   AND    FEMALES. 

(2"'i  S.  ii.  268.) 

The  proportion  of  the  sexes  is  so  nearly  equal, 
that  there  is  not  the  slightest  excuse  for  the  gross 
and  absurd  customs  of  the  Mormonites.  It  Is  a 
well-established  fact  that  in  Europe  more  boys 
are  born  than  girls,  and  yet  the  women  usually 
exceed  the  men  in  number.  (See  Malthus.)  This 
may  be  easily  accounted  for  from  the  fact  that 
men  are  usually  exposed  much  more  to  accidents 
than  women,  who  generally  lead  a  sedentary  life  ; 
and  the  immense  drain  of  war  on  the  male  popu- 
lation must  not  be  overlooked.  A  writer  in  the 
Quarterly  Review  (June,  1845),  in  an  article  on 
the  "  Census  of  1841,"  says  : 

"  In  European  populations  the  co-existent  females  ex- 
ceed the  males  about  5  per  cent.,  whilst  in  the  United 
States  the  white  males  exceed  the  females  about  4  per 
cent.  The  only  approach  to  a  solution  seems  to  be  in  the 
greater  proportion  of  male  immigrants,  &c.  ...  In 
the  free  coloured  population  of  the  United  States  the  ex- 
cess of  females  over  males  is  6-7  per  cent,  more  than  in 


2«4  S.  No  49.,  Dko.  G.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


45S 


Europe ;  whilst  the  male  slaves  exceed  the  female  5  per 
cent." 

The  Mormons,  in  their  strenuous  efforts  to  sup- 
port polygamy,  have  been  driven  to  all  sorts  of 
expedients.  They  hav^  cited  the  "  patriarchal 
dispensation"  of  the  Old  Testament,  and  have 
even  quoted  the  New  Testament  in  support  of 
their  practices.  For  instance,',  from  the  promise 
given  in  Mark,  x.  29.,  the  sagacious  "  Chancellor 
of  the  University  of  Deseret "  deduces  the  follow- 
ing question  and  answer  : 

"  Q.  What  reward  have  men  who  have  faith  to  forsake 
their  rebellious  and  unbelieving  wives  in  order  to  obey 
the  commandments  of  God  ?  " 

"  A.  An  Hundred  fold  of  Wives  in  this  world,  and 
eternal  life  in  the  next." 

Not  satisfied  with  thus  wresting  Scripture  to 
suit  their  licentious  purposes,  they  have  appealed 
to  the  oriental  system,  then  to  the  wide- spread 
prevalence  of  prostitution  in  civilised  ("ountries, 
and  latterly  to  the  "  great  excess  of  females  over 
males."  (See  the  article  "  Mormonism,"  Edin- 
burgh Review^  April,  1854.) 

It  appears  from  the  census  of  1851  that  the 
number  of  the  male  population  of  Great  Britain, 
excluding  those  absent  in  foreign  countries,  was 
10,223,558,  and  the  female  population  10,735,919. 
The  proportion  between  the  sexes  was  thus  about 
100  males  to  105  females.  But  the  births  during 
the  last  thirteen  years  give  a  reversed  proportion, 
viz.  105  boys  to  100  girls.  The  subject  of  the 
proportion  of  the  sexes  is,  however,  one  full  of 
interest ;  and  the  many  curious  discrepancies  ex- 
isting among  various  classes,  and  in  different 
countries,  seem  to  call  for  physiological  and  sta- 
tistical investigation.  Vox. 


PRE-EXISTENCE. 

(2"'^  S.  ii.  329.) 

Your  correspondent,  Mr.  Riley,  inquires  for 
the  name  of  a  work  or  works  on,  what  he  calls, 
the  "  fanciful,"  but  which  I  trust  he  will  forgive 
me  for  designating  the  ancient  and  very  probable 
opinion,  of  the  pre-existence  of  souls. 

That  the  Deity,  at  the  beginning  of  the  world 
(when  we  are  taught  that  He  "  rested  from  all 
His  works  which  He  had  made"),  created  the 
souls  of  all  men,  which,  however,  are  not  united 
to  the  body  till  the  individuals  for  which  they  are 
destined  are  born  into  the  world,  was  (to  omit  any 
reference  to  Plato  and  his  followers)  a  very  ge- 
neral belief  among  the  Jewish  Kabbalists,  a  com- 
mon opinion  in  our  Saviour's  time,  and  holden 
and  taught  by  many  fathers  of  the  Christian 
Church,  as  Justin  Martyr,  Origen,  and  others. 
It  was,  however,  opposed  by  Tertullian.  (See 
Bp.  Kaye's  Ecc.  Hist,  illustrated  from  the  Writings 
of  Tertullian,  p.  204.,  &c.) 


Mede,  in  chap.  iii.  of  his  Mystery  of  Godliness 
(Works:  fol.  1708.,  p.  15.),  combats  the  vulgar 
opinion  of  a  "  daily  creation  of  souls  "  at  the  time 
the  bodies  are  produced  which  they  are  to  inform. 
He  calls  "  the  reasonable  doctrine  "  of  pre-exist- 
ence "  a  key  for  some  of  the  main  mysteries  of 
Providence  which  no  other  can  so  handsomely 
unlock."  Sir  Harry  Vane  is  said  by  Burnet  {Own 
Times,  fol.  1724,  i.  164.)  to  have  maintained  this 
doctrine.  Joseph  Glanvill,  rector  of  Bath  (the 
friend  of  Meric  Casaubon  and  of  Baxter,  and  a 
metaphysician  of  singular  vigour  and  acuteness)*, 
published,  in  1662,  but  without  his  name,  a  trea- 
tise to  prove  the  reasoiiableness  of  the  doctrine. 
It  was  afterwards  republished,  with  annotations, 
by  Dr.  Henry  More.     The  title  of  the  book  is  : 

"Lux  Orientalis;  or  an  Inquiry  into  the  Opinion  of  the 
Eastern  sages  concerning  the  Praeexistence  of  Souls,  being 
a  Key  to  unlock  the  grand  Mysteries  of  Providence  in  re- 
lation to  Man's  Sin  and  Misery."    London :  1662.     12mo, 

In  1762,  the  Rev.  Capel  Berrow,  rector  of  Ros- 
sington,  published  a  work  entitled  A  Pre-existent 
Lapse  of  human  Souls  demonstrated;  and  in  the 
European  Magazine  for  Sept.  1801,  may  be 
found  a  letter  from  Bp.  Warburton  to  the  author, 
in  which  he  says,  "  The  idea  of  a  pre-existence  has 
been  espoused  by  many  learned  and  ingenious 
men  in  every  age,  as  bidding  fair  to  resolve  many 
difficulties."  Allusions  to  this  doctrine  will  be 
found  pervading  the  beautiful  verses  of  Henry 
Vaughan,  the  Silurist,  in  his  Silex  Scintillans 
(Lond.  1650),  and  traces  of  it  occur  in  Words- 
worth's "  Ode  on  the  Intimations  of  Immortality 
in  Childhood."  Southey,  in  his  published  Letters 
(by  Warter,  vol.  ii.  p.  160.)  says  : 

"  I  have  a  strong  and  lively  faith  in  a  state  of  con- 
tinued consciousness  from  this  stage  of  existence,  and 
that  we  shall  recover  the  consciousness  of  some  lower  stages 
through  which  we  may  previously  have  passed  seems  to  mo 
not  improbable." 

And  again  : 

"  The  system  of  progressive  existence  seems,  of  all  others, 
the  most  benevolent ;  and  all  that  we  do  understand  is  so 
wise  and  so  good,  and  all  we  do,  or  do  not,  so  perfectly 
and  overwhelmingly  wonderful,  that  the  most  benevolent 
system  is  the  most  probable."  —  Ibid.,  vol.  i.  p.  294. 

W.  Ii.  N. 

Bath. 


Mr.  Henry  T.  Riley  should  read  Wordsworth's 
great  Ode  —  "  Intimations  of  Immortality  from 
Recollections  of  Early  Childhood  ;  "  after  perusal 
of  which,  his  "  fanciful "  will  perhaps  seem  to  him 
i-ather  a  flippantly-applied  adjective.  That  "all 
knowledge  is  recollection  "  is  a  doctrine  Platonic, 

*  Among  the  Baxter  MSS.,  in  the  Red  Cross  Street 
Library,  is  a  long  letter,  full  of  curious  learning,  from 
Glanvill  to  Baxter,  in  defence  of  the  doctrine  of  the  soul's 
pre-existence. 


454 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


;;2nd  s.  No  49.,  Dec.  6.  '66. 


ami    probably   pre-Platonic   into    depths-of-ages 
unfathomable.  A  Desultory  Header. 

Jersey. 


Mr.  Riley  will  find  a  short  paper  on  this  sub- 
ject in  Blackwood,  circa  1827  or  8.  It  quotes 
i'rnm  Dr.  Leyden's  beautiful  "  Ode  to  Scottish 
Music  "  the  stanza  : 

"Ah  !  sure,  as  Hindoo  legends  tell, 
When  music's  tones  the  bosom  swell. 

The  scenes  of  former  life  return, 
Ere  sunk  beneath  the  morning  star, 
"We  left  our  parent  climes  afar, 

Immur'd  in  mortal  forms  to  mourn." 

In  a  note  on  this  passage,  in  Leyden's  Poetical 
Works,  it  is  stated  that  the  Hindoos  ascribe  the 
effect  which  music  sometimes  produces  on  the 
mind  to  its  recalling  undefinable  impressions  of  a 
ibrmer  state  of  existence.  The  paper  in  Black- 
wood is  probably  by  Christopher  North  himself. 

Standard  Office,  Montrose. 


Mr.  Riley  will  find  the  subject  as  well  handled 
as  perhaps  it  admits  of  in  Soame  Jenyns's  Essays. 
The  notion  enters,  more  or  less,  into  the  majority 
of  oriental  creeds  and  philosophies,  and  found  a 
believer  in  Plato.  Delta. 


THOMAS   rOXTON. 

(2"''  S.  ii.  321.) 

I  beg  leave  to  second  the  call  of  S.  N.  M.  for 
some  particulars  about  Foxton.  I  have  in  my 
possession  a  small  quarto  MS.  containing  the 
whole  Psalter,  metrically  rendered  by  the  indi- 
vidual In  question,  who  would  probably  have  sunk 
altogether  had  he  not  been  buoyed  up  by  The 
Dunciad : 

"  So  Bond  and  Foxton,  every  nameless  name, 
All  crowd,  who  foremost  shall  be  damn'd  to  fame? 
Some  strain  in  rhyme ;  the  Muses  on  their  racks, 
Scream  like  the  winding  of  ten  thousand  jacks : 
Some  free  from  rhyme,  or  reason,  rule  or  check, 
Break  Priscian's  head,  and  Pegasus'  neck ; 
Down,  down  they  larum,  with  impetuous  whirl, 
The  Pindars,  and  the  Miltons  of  a  Curll." 

Scriblerus'  note  to  this  intimates  that  these 
were  "  Two  inoffensive  offenders  against  our  Poet ; 
persons  unknown  but  by  being  mentioned  by  Mr. 
Curll." 

Pope's  prediction  has  certainly  been  verified ; 
for,  with  the  exception  of  a  few  antiquaries,  the 
public  at  large  know  as  little  of  Thomas  Foxton 
as  they  do  of  the  worthy  the  poet  has  coupled 
him  with. 

Foxton  was,  nevertheless,  a  pretty  large  con- 
tributor to  Curll's  and  other  presses  ;  and  as  his 
works  collectively  are  recorded  in  no  publication 


I  am  acquainted  with,  I  subjoin  a  list  of  such  as 
have  come  under  my  notice. 

1.  The  Night  Piece,  a  Tpoem,     .     .     .     1719. 

2.  The  Character  of  a  Fine  Gentleman,  with 
Peference  to  Religion,  Learning,  and  the  Conduct 
of  Life.  E.  Curll,  1721  ;  again  J.  Tonson,  n.  d. 
Dedicated  to  the  Rev.  Mr.  Shirley  by  T.  P.,  who, 
under  the  name  of  Serine,  there  eulogises  Ad- 
dison, lately  dead. 

3.  Jessina,  or  Delusive  Gold  Lamenting  the  MiS' 
fortunes  of  a  Young  Lady,  8vo.,  1721. 

4.  South  Sea  Pieces  to  purge  Court  Melancholy, 
leing  a  Collection  of  Poems,  Satires,  ^c,  by  Mr. 
Stanhope,  Mr.  Arundel,  Mr.  Cowper,  and  Mr. 
Foxton. 

5.  The  Joys  of  the  Blessed,  a  Discourse  trans' 
lated  from  the  Latin  of  Bellarmine,  1722.  The 
only  copy  of  this  production  of  Curll's  press  I 
have  seen  was  a  mutilated  one  ;  the  book  seems  to 
have  been  profusely  ornamented  with  head  and 
tail  pieces,  which  some  Goth  had  cut  out,  —  pro- 
ducing "  Thou  shalt  not  make  to  thyself  any 
graven  image,"  as  his  warrant  for  such  Vandalism ! 

6.  A  Poetical  Pai-aphrase  on  the  Hymn  of  Praise 
to  the  Creator,  called  Benedicite.     1727. 

7.  The  Tower,  a  Poem. 

8.  Moral  Songs  composed  for  the  Use  of  Chil- 
dren.  A  neat  little  volume,  recommended  by  Dr. 
Watts.     Ford,  1728, 

9.  Burnett's  Arch(eologi(B  Philosophicce.  (See 
"  N.  &  Q."  as  above.)     Curll,  1729. 

10.  The  Female  Dunciad,  collected  by  E.  Curll; 
with  the  Metamorphoses  of  Mr.  P.  into  a  Stinging 
Nettle.  (By  Mr.  Foxton.)  See  Dunciad,  Ap- 
pendix. 

11.-4  Metrical  Version  of  the  Psalms.  MS. 
This,  although  wanting  in  direct  proof  of  his  hand, 
is  sufficiently  identified  by  bearing  the  old  letter- 
ing Foxton' s  Psalms,  and  the  inscription  "Co- 
ningsby,  given  me  by  Mr.  Archer,  1752.  Wrote 
by  Thos.  Foxton."  The  Moral  Songs  are  dedi- 
cated to  this  Mr.  Thos.  Archer,  to  whom  Foxton 
says  he  inscribed  his  first  poem,  and  for  whom  he 
expresses  in  a  long  and  interesting  address  his 
profound  veneration  as  his  early  and  steady  pa- 
tron, under  a  variety  of  mental  and  bodily  suffer- 
ing he  had  been  called  upon  to  endure.  J.  O. 


BURIAL   WITHOUT   COFFINS. 

(1"  S.  xii.  380.) 

Since  I  communicated  a  Note  on  the  subject  of 
"  Burials  without  Coffins,"  I  have  met  with  the 
following  statement  in  Reliquim  HearniancB,  Tp.  534. 
I  heartily  join  in  the  satisfaction  which  you  have 
expressed  (ante,  p.  379.)  at  the  prospect  now  held 
out  by  the  Principal  of  St.  Mary  Hall  that  these 
"  Remains,"  so  long  in  abeyance,  will  at  length  be 


2nd  s.  No  49.,  Dec.  6.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


455 


given  to  the  world.  With  a  large  portion  of  this 
work  —  by  the  kindness  of  the  editor  —  I  have 
long  been  familiar,  and  I  feel  satisfied  that  the 
anecdotes  and  information  given  in  these  pages 
will  be  appreciated  as  a  very  valuable  contribu- 
tion to  English  History. 

Hearne  says : 

"  Formerly  it  was  usual  to  be  buried  in  winding-sheets 
without  coffins,  and  the  bodies  were  laid  on  biers.  And 
this  custom  was  practised  about  three  score  years  ago 
(1724),  though  even  then  persons  of  rank  were  buried  in 
coffins,  unless  they  ordered  otherwise.  Thomas  Neile,  of 
Hart  Hall,  in  Queen  Elizabeth's  time,  is  represented  in  a 
winding-sheet,  in  Cassington  church.  It  seems,  therefore, 
he  was  not  buried  in  a  coffin,  especially  since  his  effigies 
in  the  winding-sheet  there  was  put  up  in  his  life-time. 
In  the  monkish  times  stone  coffins  were  much  in  vogue, 
especially  for  persons  of  quality,  and  for  those  other  dis- 
tinguishing titles,  such  as  archbishops,  bishops,  abbots, 
abbesses,  &c.  Even  many  ;of  the  inferior  monks  were 
sometimes  so  buried,  though  otherwise  the  most  common 
way  was  a  winding-sheet.  Yet  even  many  persons  of 
distinction,  instead  of  coffins,  were  wrapt  up  in  leather,  as 
wer4  Sir  William  Trussell  and  his  lady,  founders  of  Shot- 
tesbrook  church  and  chantry,  in  Berks,  as  may  be  seen  in 
my  edition  o{  Leland's  Itinerary,  and  'twas  in  such  leathern 
sheets  or  bags  that  others  were  put  that  were  laid  in  the 
walls  of  churches." 

The  notice  of  Thomas  Neile's  monument  will 
remind  your  readers  of  Dr.  Donne's.  His  "  Pic- 
ture "  on  board,  repraeenting  him  in  his  winding- 
sheet,  was  placed  by  his  bed-side.  The  tomb 
itself,  in  marble,  by  Nicholas  Stone,  was  fixed  up 
in  St.  Paul's  Cathedral  after  his  death,  but  it  has 
never  been  assumed  that  the  dean  was  buried  in 
the  vaults  of  his  cathedral  without  a  coffin. 

Amongst  the  vestry  minutes  of  St.  Helens', 
Bishopsgate,  is  the  following  (March  5,  1564), 
proving  that  the  custom  had  prevailed,  and  ought 
to  be  stopped : 

"Item,  that  none  shall  be  buryd  within  the  church, 
unless  the  dead  corpse  be  coffined  in  wood.  Mr.  Lott,  in  his 
notices  of  this  very  interesting  church,  remarks  that  this 
is  the  first  sanitary  minute  with  which  he  is  acquainted." 
—  Transactions  of  the  London  and  Middlesex  Archaologi- 
cal  Society,  p.  66. 

J.  H.  Markxand. 


SIR  THOMAS  MORe's  HOUSE  AT  CHELSEA. 

(2"'i  S.  ii.  324.) 

With  respect  to  Sir  Thomas  More  and  his  house 
in  dhelsea  the  following  notes  of  entries  on  the 
patent  rolls  may  be  interesting : 

"Pat.  4  April,  28  Hen.  VIII.  p.  1.  ni.  (15).  — Custody 
of  a  capital  message,  &c.,  late  of  Sir  Thomas  More  in 
Chelseheth  granted  to  Sir  William  Poulett,  knt.,  during 
the  King's  pleasure. 

"Pat.  34  Hen.lVIII.  p.  6.m.  (6).— Lease'to  Alice  More, 
widow  of  Sir  Thomas  More,  of  a  messuage  described  thus : 
•  Unum  mesuagium  in  Chelsey  cum  pertinentiis  in  comi- 
tatu  nostro  Midd',  quondam  Mewtes  *  ac  nuper  in  tenura 


Edwardi  Berker  et  Edmundi  Middelton  et  modo  in  tenura 
rectoris  ecclesiae  parochialis  de  Chelsej';  Quod  quideni 
mesuagium  cuni  pertinentiis  fuit  parcella  terrarum  et 
possessionum  nuper  dicti  Thome  More  militis  de  alta  pro- 
ditione  attincti,  ac  in  manibus  nostris  ratione  ejusdem 
attinctura;  modo  existunt.'  The  lease  was  for  21  years, 
and  the  rent  20s.  2d,,  being  twopence  more  than  the  last 
tenant  paid. 

«  Pat.  10  Hen.  VIII.  p.  1.  m.  (12).  —  Annuity  of  100/. 
to  Thomas  More,  one  of  the  King's  Councillors. 

"Pat.  18  Hen.  VIII.  p.  1.  m.  (28).  —  Licence  to  Sir 
Thomas  More  to  export  1000  woollen  cloths. 

"Pat.  12  June,  27  Hen.  VIII.  p.  1.  m.  (24).  — Mar- 
riage articles  of  William  Daunce,  esq.,  son  and  heir  of  Sir 
John  Daunce  and  Elizabeth  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas 
More,  having  been  confiscated,  were  delivered  up  to  Sir 
John  Daunce. 

"Pat.  16  March,  28  Hen.  VIII.  p.  4.  m.  (23).  —  An- 
nuity of  20Z.  for  life  to  dame  Alice  More,  widow." 

In  addition  to  the  above  I  may  also  note  a 
document  which  shows  that  a  certain  Sir  Thomas 
More  was  sheriff  of  Dorset  and  Somerset  in  May, 
1533.  It  would,  perhaps,  be  rash  to  presume  his 
identity  with  the  author  of  Utopia,  without  farther 
evidence  than  his  name  and  knighthood  ;  but  it  is 
certainly  remarkable  that  a  person  of  that  name 
should  have  been  sheriff  of  two  western  counties 
soon  after  Sir  Thomas  had  resigned  the  office  of 
Lord  Chancellor.  The  document  in  question  is  a 
pardon  to  one  Thomas  Budde  of  Bath  for  felony 
and  breaking  prison,  and  is  entered  on  patent  roll 
25  Hen.  VIH.  p.  1.  m.  (36).      James  Gairdner. 


*  Perhaps  John  Meautis,  Henry  VIII.'s  French  secre- 
tary, may  have  been  one  of  its  former  tenants.    He  had 


''History  of  the  Sevarites""  (P*  S.  iv.  43.) — 
Turning  over  your  earlier  volumes,  I  notice  that 
your  correspondents  have  been  trying  to  fix  the 
authorship  of  this  work,  but  have,  apparently,  left 
the  question  as  they  found  it ;  some  ascribing  it 
to  Isaac  Vossius,  and  some  to  Denis  Vairasse.  In 
L.'s  communication  (see  1"  S.  iii.  4.),  speaking  of 
the  original  book,  printed  for  Brome,  in  1675,  he 
says,  this  first  part  has  no  Preface,  which  is  literally 
true ;  but  it  has  an  address  of  ten  leaves,  "  The 
Publisher  to  the  Reader,"  relating,  in  the  style  of 
all  fictitious  narratives,  how  the  mysterious  MS, 
came  into  the  hands  of  the  compiler,  and  is  signed 
D.  V. 

Where  the  evidence  was  before  rather  \n  his 
favour,  I  think  this  decidedly  shows  Denis  Vai- 
rasse to  be  the  original  inventor  of  this  curious 
piece  belonging  to  the  large  class  of  imaginary 
voyages.  Perhaps  you  may  deem  this  worth 
notin'g,  particularly  as  this  introductory  matter  is 
not  to  be  found  in  the  Museum  copy  of  Capt. 
Siden's  History  of  the  Sevarites,  or  Severambi. 

J.  vJ. 


an  exemption  from  serving  on  juries  by  patent  4  Jan.,  2 
Hen.  VIII.  p.  l.m.  (11). 


456 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  N"  49.,  Dec.  6.  '56. 


Duke  of  Oraftoiis  "  Vindication  of  his  Adminis- 
tration" (2°i  S.  ii.  372.)— To  W.  J.  Fitz-Pa- 
trick's  wish,  expressed  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  that  the 
Duke  of  Grafton's  Vindication  of  his  Administra- 
tion should  be  published,  according  to  his  will,  I 
can  state  that  there  was  nothing  in  the  will  of  that 
duke  relating  to  it.  He  had  written  a  Memoir  of 
his  Political  Life,  and  had  desired  his  son  and 
successor  not  to  publish  it  during  the  lifetime  of 
George  III.  The  present  duke  lent  it  to  Lords 
Stanhope,  Brougham,  and  Campbell,  who  have 
published  extracts  from  it.  In  The  Lives  of  the 
Chancellors  there  is  inserted  fi-om  it  a  letter  of 
Lord  Camden's,  written  on  Lord  Chatham's  attack 
of  illness  in  the  House  of  Lords,  which  occasioned 
his  death  a  few  days  afterwards.  Lord  Campbell 
describes  the  letter  containing  the  account  as  "  the 
most  graphic  and  the  most  authentic  extant  of 
that  solemn  scene."  The  memoir,  if  published 
now,  would  be  stripped  of  its  novelty,  and  conse- 
quently would  lose  all  its  interest.  J.  F. 

Spring  Gardens,  Greenwich  (2"'*  S.  i.  315.)  — 
These  were  situate  near  Christchurch,  East  Green- 
wich, and  for  many  years  were  garden  ground  ; 
but,  as  is  the  fate  of  many  such  places  in  the 
vicinity  of  the  great  metropolis,  are  now  nearly 
built  over.  Geo.  W.  Bennett. 

Greenwich. 

Ouzel  Galley  (2"-!  S.  ii.  419.)  — 

"  In  the  year  1700  the  case  of  a  ship  in  the  port  of 
Dublin  excited  great  legal  perplexity ;  and  in  order  to 
lessen  the  consequent  delay  and  expense,  it  was  referred 
to  an  arbitration  of  merchants,  whose  decision  was  prompt 
and  highly  approved.  This  led  to  the  foundation  of  the 
present  society  for  terminating  commercial  disputes  by 
arbitration.  The  vessel  was  named  the  '  Ouzel  Galley,' 
and  the  society  adopted  the  name.  It  is  a  popular  and 
useful  society  in  Dublin." 

The  above  extract  is  from  poor  Haydn's  Dic- 
tionary of  Dates.  What  would  the  "  Ouzel  Gal- 
ley "  have  awarded  him  as  a  pension  had  it  been 
referred  to  it  to  assess  the  value  of  his  services  to 
his  country  f  E.  Lennox  Bovp. 

Spanish  Proverbs  (2°'^  S.  ii.  388.)  —  I  know  not 
for  what  "  purpose  "  Mr.  Middlemore  inquires 
after  Spanish  proverbs,  but  I  would  venture  to  re- 
mind him  that  there  is  no  nation  or  language  of 
whose  proverbs  there  exists  so  copious  a  collec- 
tion as  the  Spanish,  namely  Sancho  Panza's  con- 
versations as  recorded  in  Don  Quixote.  The  Don 
frequently  reproaches  his  follower  with  uttering 
all  the  proverbs  that  ever  were  coined.  The 
most,  or  indeed  the  only,  complete  list  of  Spanish 
proverbs  would  be  an  index  to  Sancho's  dis- 
courses. C. 

I  beg  to  call  the  attention  of  Mr.  Middlemore 
to  the  very  curious  collection  of  Spanish  proverbs 
in  James  Howell's  Lexicon  Tetraglotton,  fol.  1660. 


They  form  a  separate  division  of  the  book  entitled, 
"  Refranes,  6  Proverbios  en  romance,  d  la  Lengua 
Castellana ;  et  los  quales  se  han  anadido  algunos 
Portuguezes,  Catalanes,  y  Gallegos,  &c.  De  los 
quales  muchos  andan  Glossados." 

Edward  F.  Rimbault. 

Maws  of  Kites  (2"'»  S.  ii.  372.)  —What  is  re- 
jected from  the  stomachs  of  birds  of  prey  is 
technically  called  castings.  The  process  seems 
necessary  for  their  health,  and  it  consists  generally 
of  an  agglomeration  of  food  with  feathers  or  wool, 
&c.,  into  a  ball.  Yarrell,  in  his  History  of  British 
Birds,  vol.  i.  p.  109.,  says  : 

"  Owls,  like  falcons,  return  by  the  mouth  the  indi- 
gestible parts  of  the  food  swallowed,  in  the  form  of  elon- 
gated pellets;  these  are  found  in  considerable  numbers 
about  the  usual  haunts  of  the  birds,  and  examination  of 
them  when  softened  in  warm  water  detects  the  nature  of 
the  food." 

In  an  old  book  on  falconry,  among  the  direc- 
tions for  the  management  of  hawks,  I  find  one  as 
follows  : 

"  Let  her  (the  goshawk)  have  every  night  castings  of 
feathers  or  cotton,  and  in  the  morning  observe  whether  it 
be  wrought  round  or  not,  whether  moist  or  dry,  or  of 
what  colour  the  water  is  that  drops  out  of  her  castings ; 
by  these  means  he  may  know  what  condition  his  hawk 
is  in." 

J.  S.  S. 

Leaning  Towers  (2°*  S.  ii.  388.)  —  The  tower 
of  the  Temple  Church,  Bristol,  leans  nearly  four 
feet  out  of  the  perpendicular,  and  has  even,  by 
sinking,  separated  from  the  church.  Its  appear- 
ance is  unpleasant  arid  somewhat  alarming,  but  it 
is  examined  from  time  to  time,  to  test  its  security. 

F.  C.  H. 

I  should  like  to  know  more  of  the  crooked  spires 
of  Yarmouth  and  Chesterfield,  whether  they  were 
actually,  or  only  apparently,  crooked  ?  One  of  the 
two  magnificent  spires  of  the  cathedral  of  Chartres 
is,  as  I  recollect,  crooked  to  the  eye,  though  in 
fact  perfectly'  straight  and  symmetrical.  How 
the  deceptio  visus  was  produced  I  was  not  able  to 
detect,  but  the  effect  was  indisputable.  C. 

About  twenty  years  ago  the  tower  of  Wybunbury 
Church,  in  the  county  of  Chester,  had  a  consider- 
able leaning  towards  the  north-east.  I  am  almost 
afraid  to  say  to  what  extent,  but  I  believe  to  at 
least  five  feet  out  of  the  perpendicular.  It  was  as 
marvellous  to  see  standing  as  either  of  the  Torre 
Asinelli  at  Bologna,  or  the  "  Leaning  Tower  "  of 
the  Duomo  at  Pisa,  or  the  Campanile  of  the  Ro- 
manesque church  of  San  Martino  at  Este,  which 
inclines  as  much,  it  is  said,  as  that  of  Pisa.  As 
the  inclination  of  the  Wybunbury  tower  had  been 
showing  a  slight  increase  from  year  to  year,  it 
was  resolved,  about  1834,  to  take  it  down  as  dan- 
gerous, and  rebuild  it.  Fortunately,  however, 
before  this  was  finally  resolved,  Mr.  Trubshaw,  an 


2nd  s.  jjo  49.,  Pec.  6.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


457 


architect  (I  hope  I  am  right  in  the  name),  ex- 
amined the  tower,  and  offered  to  set  it  straight  and 
safe  for  200/.  His  offer  was  accepted,  and  in  the 
course  of  a  few  months,  and  at  an  outlay  of  not 
more,  perhaps,  than  40/.  or  50/.,  by  a  most  in- 
genious and  yet  most  simple  process  (which  I  wit- 
nessed in  operation)  the  tower  was  restored  to  its 
perpendicular  ;  and  so  safely,  that  I  believe  not  a 
single  stone  of  the  fabric  was  displaced  even 
slightly  or  injured.  The  tower,  a  pinnacled,  and 
an  unusually  lofty  one  for  a  village  church,  is  still 
standing  erect,  an  abiding  monument  of  the  ar- 
chitect's skill.  I  saw  it  a  few  years  since,  and 
could  not  detect  in  it  the  slightest  deviation  from 
the  perpendicular.  W.  T. 

Contributors'  Names  (2"^  S.  ii.  382.)  —  Mr.  Ca»- 
eington's  proposition  that  contributors  to  "  N.  & 
Q."  should  affix  their  names  to  their  articles,  though 
plausible  enough,  would,  I  believe,  be  eventually 
the  ruin  of  the  undertaking.  Those  who  please 
may,  and  many  do  sign,  and  others  who  give  no 
name  are  as  well  known  as  if  they  did  ;  but  as  a 
general  rule  the  absence  of  the  name  is,  I  am 
satisfied,  best.  It  tends  to  brevity  —  it  obviates 
personalities  —  it  allows  a  freer  intercommunica- 
tion of  opinion  and  criticism.  Contributors  under 
the  initials  of  B.  J.  or  R.  would  be  less  touchy 
and  less  obstinate  —  less  unwilling  to  ask  or  re- 
ceive instruction  or  correction — than  if  they  had 
to  maintain  a  public  discussion  in  their  proper 
names  and  characters  as  Mr.  Brown,  Mr.  Jones, 
and  Mr.  Robinson.  It  is  the  same  principle  of 
maintaining  order  and  goo^i  humour  in  debate 
that  prohibits  in  Parliament  the  use  of  "  Honour- 
able Members' "  proper  names.  If  we  were  all 
to  give  our  names  "N.  &  Q."  would,  in  three 
■weeks,  be  a  cock-pit!  C. 

Interchange  of  "  a  "  and  "  i "  (2"'*  S.  i.  236. ;  ii. 
437.)  —  Your  correspondent  Mr.  De  la  Pbtme 
has  very  justly  blamed  the  wording  of  my  remark 
on  the  interchange  of  a  and  t.  I  had  in  my  mind 
only  the  change  of  i  where  it  is  a  long,  and  there- 
fore a  radical  vowel.  I  am  well  aware  how  freely 
short  vowels  are  interchanged.  Your  correspond- 
ent might  have  added  to  the  instances  which  he 
has  quoted,  all  the  compounds  of  facio,  salio,  and 
capio.  But  I  believe  it  will  not  be  easy  to  find  a 
long  i  converted  into  a.  E.  C.  H. 

Organ  Tuning  (2"^  S.  ii.  1.90.)  —  Peopessor  de 
Morgan's  questions  not  having  been  answered,  I 
have  much  pleasure  in  informing  him  that  the 
late  Col.  Peyronnet  Thompson  wrote  most  ably, 
though  I  forget  where,  on  the  mathematical  theory 
of  the  musical  scale  ;  and  that  it  is  upon  his  theory 
that  organs,  pianos,  &c.,  are  tuned  by  "  equal 
temperament,"  as  it  is  called. 

If  a  keyed  instrument  be  tuned  by  perfect  fifths, 


beginning  say  on  c,  its  octave  c  will  be  in  excess 
of  truth  twenty-two  or  twenty-four  beats,  which 
error,  resulting  from  an  imperfection  of  the  scale, 
if  distributed  among  the  intervening  semitones, 
will  give  a  scale  for  adoption  throughout  the  in- 
strument, which  will  make  all  diatonic  scales 
alike  as  to  distance  between  each  note  of  the  scale 
and  the  tonic,  and  as  little  short  of  absolute  truth 
as  possible. 

If  the  worthy  Professor  will  try  his  "  prentice 
hand  "  at  tuning,  and  will  make  all  his  fifths  two 
beats  short  of  truth,  he  will  succeed  in  doing  all 
for  his  instrument  which  can  be  attained.  I  will 
only  add  that,  independently  of  my  wish  to  oblige 
that  gentleman,  this  information  may  be  of  some 
service  to  country  readers  who,  like  myself,  live 
without  the  pale  of  ready  professional  assistance. 

R.  W.  Dixon. 

Seaton  Carew,  co.  Durham. 

Epitaph  (2"'*  S.  ii.  408.)  —  The  epitaph  copied 
by  N.  L.  T.  from  a  tombstone  in  St.  Thomas's 
Church  at  Ryde,  is  also  placed  on  a  tablet  in  St. 
Anne's  Church,  Dublin,  where  the  remains  of 
Felicia  Hemans  repose.  The  lines  themselves  are 
taken  from  a  dirge  by  that  gifted  woman,  which 
will  be  found  in  Miscellaneous  Lyrics,  where  the 
two  stanzas  are  followed  by  another  : 

"  Lone  are  the  paths,  and  sad  the  bowers. 
Where  thy  meek  smile  is  gone, 
But  oh !  a  brighter  home  than  ours 
In  Heaven,  is  now  thine  own." 

Poems  by  Felicia  Heipans,  vol.  ii.  p.  164. 
1854. 

CM. 
Bath. 

These  lines  are  to  be  found  in  the  Siege  of 
Valencia,  by  Mrs.  Hemans  (vol.  in.  p.  379.  of 
Blackwood's  edition,  published  In  1839),  and  form 
the  "  death  hymn "  chanted  over  the  bier  of 
Ximena,  the  daughter  of  the  Governor  of  Va- 
lencia. W.  T. 

The  Lord  of  Burleigh  (P' S.  xii.  280.  355.; 
2°'*  S.  i.  437.) — In  addition  to  the  interesting 
particulars  which  my  Note  on  the  above  subject 
has  drawn  from  your  correspondents  G.  L.  S.  and 
C.  M.  Ingleby,  I  have  received  from  a  valued 
friend  an  authentic  statement  of  the  Burleigh  ro^ 
mance,  from  which  I  will  quote  such  passages  as 
will  fill  up  gaps  in  the  narrative,  or  correct  any 
errors  that  may  have  crept  into  previous  accounts. 

In  the  first  place,  the  young  lady  to  whom  the 
incognito  Mr.  Cecil  paid  his  addresses  was  not  a 
Miss  Masefield,  but  a  Miss  Taylor,  who  was  after- 
wards married  to  a  Mr.  Masefield.  They  lived 
and  died  in  Wolverhampton,  the  husband  within 
these  two  years.  My  informant  was  very  intimate 
with  them  and  their  married  daughter,  from  whom 
a  portion  of  the  present  information  is  derived. 
Miss  Taylor  was  exceedingly  beautiful:  she  de- 


458 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  49.,  Dec.  6.  '56. 


clined  "  Mr,  Jones's  "  offer  of  marriage  solely  be- 
cause she  was  engaged  to  Mr.  Masefield,  and  not 
because  of  the  mystery  attaching  to  the  other's 
means  and  mode  of  life.  Mr.  Jones  constantly 
wore  the  disguise  of  a  peculiar  wig.  Miss  Hoggins 
was  not  a  beauty  ;  "  she  was  fat,  good  tempered, 
and  amiable,  but  could  never  adapt  herself  to  the 
position  to  which  she  was  raised."  Her  father 
was  a  labourer,  and  her  mother  was  a  washer- 
woman ;  she  assisted  her  mother  in  her  occupation, 
and  Mr.  Jones  first  saw  her,  and  fell  in  love  with 
her,  over  a  washing-tub  !  He  did  not  lodge  with 
her  parents.  On  the  wedding-day  they  left  Bolas, 
and  did  not  return  to  it ;  nor  did  Mr.  Jones  live 
at  the  house  he  had  built  there,  which  was  called 
"  Burleigh  Cottage."  A  family  of  the  name  of 
Tayleure  lived  there,  and  it  is  now  the  residence 
of  Mr.  Taylor,  a  nephew  of  Mrs.  Masefield.  Miss 
Hoggins  was  educated,  at  Mr.  Cecil's  expense, 
before  her  marriage  to  him. 

CUTHBEET  BeDE,  B.A. 

Dr.  Griffiths  and  the  "  Monthly  Review  "  (2'"!  S. 
ii.  351.  377.)  —  I  believe,  on  reference  to  the  ar- 
ticle in  the  Monthly  Revieiv,  that  it  will  be  found 
to  be  a  "  catalogical "  notice  of  a  novel  founded 
on  Cleland's  unfortunate  work,  and  not  of  the 
work  itself;  such  novel  being  exempt  from  all  the 
shameful  details  with  which  the  other  abounds. 

D.S. 

J.  Huddlestone  (2"^  S.  ii.  57.)  —  James  -II.  in- 
troduced this  priest  into  the  Bath  Abbey  for  the 
purpose  of  saying  mass,  but  he  was  so  boldly 
opposed  by  Ken  the  bishop,  that  he  was  obliged 
to  retire.  In  passing,  James  drew  his  sword  and 
struck  off  the  nose  of  the  monument  of  Sir  W. 
Waller,  who  was  Governor  of  Bath  for  Cromwell. 

O.  C.  P. 

Father  John  Huddleston  was  of  the  ancient 
family  of  that  name  at  Sawston,  though  he  was 
born  in  Lancashire.  He  aided  Charles  II.  in  his 
escape  in  1651,  after  the  battle  of  Worcester,  and 
he  reconciled  his  Majesty  to  the  Catholic  Church 
on  his  death-bed  in  1684.  F.  C.  H. 

John  Henderson  (2"0  S.  ii.  408.)  —  See  Croker's 
Bosivell,  p.  763.  (ed.  1848)  and  Hannah  More 
{Life,i.  194.)  for  all  that,  in  addition  to  Cottle's 
notice  and  Agutter's  funeral  sermon,  is,  or  pro- 
bably can  be,  known  of  Henderson's  short  and 
obscure  life.  C. 

Gually's  Dragoons  (S""^  S.  ii.  288.)  —  W.  finds 
that  Captain  Robert  Browne  was  on  half-pay  of 
Gually's  Dragoons  from  1712  to  1815!  This 
officer  certainly  appears  to  have  enjoyed  half-pay 
for  a  lengthened  period  :  he  was  a  captain  in  the 
infantry,  and  exchanged  to  half-pay  of  cavalry 
previous  to  1771,  from  which  date  to  1816,  in- 
clusive, his  name  adorns  the  half-pay  list.    In 


1816,  at  the  termination  of  the  war,  the  A)-niy 
List  was  thoroughly  examined  in  the  War  Office, 
with  a  view  to  remove  from  the  half-pay  list  the 
names  of  such  officers  as  had  died,  or  to  whom  no 
half-pay  had  been  issued  for  seven  years  previous. 
In  consequence  of  this  measure,  the  names  of 
Captain  Browne  and  of  several  other  half-pay 
officers  were  removed  from  the  list,  on  which  they 
had  apparently  been  forgotten.  Gually's  Dra- 
goons were  disbanded  in  1712,  but  one  of  the 
officers  then  placed  on  half-pay  must  have  ex- 
changed, many  years  afterwards,  into  an  infantry 
regiment  with  Captain  Robert  Browne,  who  then 
took  that  officer's  place  on  the  half-pay  of  the 
dragoon  regiment,  but  only  received  half-pay  as 
captain  of  infantry.  He  was  probably  many  years 
dead  when  his  name  was  omitted  from  the  Army 
List  in  1816.  The  name  of  my  late  friend  Major 
J.  G.  Ferns,  on  retired  full-pay  of  the  76th  regi- 
ment, appears  at  p.  30.  of  the  Army  List  for  Oc- 
tober, 1856,  although  that  officer  died  on  the  26th 
of  May,  1856,  at  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia.  His  death 
has  probably  never  been  officially  notified  to  the 
Horse  Guards,  and  therefore  his  name  is  not 
omitted  from  the  Army  List. 

As  W.  possesses  annual  Army  Lists  of  1814-15, 
will  he  oblige  me  by  stating  who  held  the  office  of 
Drum  Majoi'-General,  and  what  were  the  duties 
connected  with  that  office  ?  He  will  find  it  no- 
ticed at  p.  77.  of  the  Annual  A7'my  List  for  1815, 
where  Colonel  Digby  Hamilton  also  appears  as 
"  Waggon-Master  General,"  a  situation  the  duties 
of  which  must  have  been  equally  arduous. 

On  a  future  occasion  I  shall  say  a  few  words  to 
my  valued  friend  the  Rev.  Mackenzie  Walcott 
and  other  correspondents  who  have  lately  written 
on  regimental  titles.  M.  A. 

Dream  T'estimony  (P'  S.  viii.  287.)  —  The  Red 
Barn  Murder  was  an  instance  of  the  kind ;  the 
murderer's  name  was  Corder.  It  happened  in 
-1830-4.  I  cannot  find  any  account  of  it  in  the 
Annual  Register.  I  should  be  glad  of  any  of  the 
particulars,  or  of  a  reference  to  a  detailed  account 
of  the  affair.  C.  Mansfield  Ingleby. 

Birmingham. 

Claret  and  Coffee,  were  they  known  to  Bacon  ? 
(2"*^  S.  ii.  371.)  —  Coffee  was  certainly  known  to 
him,  as  the  following  extract  from  his  Sylva  Syl- 
varum  will  testify : 

"  They  have  in  Turltey  a  drink  called  Coffa,  made  of  a 
Berry  of  the  same  Name,  as  Black  as  boot,  and  of  a 
Strong  Sent,  but  not  Aromatical ;  which  tliey  talce,  beaten 
into  Powder,  in  Water,  as  Hot  as  they  can  Drink  it :  And 
they  take  it,  and  sit  at  it  in  their  Coffa-Houses,  which 
are  like  our  Taverns.  This  Drink  comforteth  the  Brain, 
and  Heart,  and  helpeth  Digestion.  Certainly  this  Berry 
Coffa ;  The  Root  and  Leaf  Betell ;  The  Leaf  Tobacco ; 
and  the  Tear  of  Poppy  (^Opiuin),  of  which  the  Turks  are 
great  Takers  (supposing  it  expelleth  all  Fear;)  do  all 
Condense  the  Spirits,  and  make  them  Strong,  and  Aleger. 


2i>d  S.  NO  49.,  Dec.  6.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


459 


But  it  seemeth  they  are  taken  after  several  manners ;  For 
Coffa  and  Opium  are  takfen  down ;  Tobacco  but  in  Smoake; 
And  Betell  is  but  champed  in  the  Mouth,  with  a  little 
Lime.  It  is  like  there  are  more  of  them,  if  they  were  well 
found  out,  and  well  corrected.  Qucere  o{  Henbane- Seed ; 
of  Mandrake;  of  Saffron,  Root  and  Flower;  of  Folium 
Indium;  of  Amberc/rice ;  of  the  Assyrian  Amonum,  if  it 
may  be  had  ;  and  of  the  Scarlet  Powder,  which  thej'  call 
Kertnez ; ^a-nA  (generally)  of  all  such  Things,  as  do  in- 
ebriate and  provoke  Sleep.  Note  that  Tobacco  is  not 
taken  in  Root,  or  Seed,  which  are  more  forcible  ever  than 
Leaves."  —  Century  viii.  738.,  edit.  1G58,  p.  155. 

Edward  F.  Rimbault. 
Mankind  and  their  Destroyers  (2"^  S.  ii.  280.) — 

"Mankind  pay  best,  1.  Those  -who  destroy  them, 
heroes  and  warriors.  2.  Those  who  cheat  them,  states- 
men, priests,  and  quacks.  3.  Those  who  amuse  them,  as 
singers,  actors,  dancers,  and  novel  writers.  But  least  of 
all  those  who  speak  truth,  and  instruct  them." 

Your  correspondent  will  find  this  in  the  works  of 
Professor  Thomas  Cooper,  of  Charles  Town.  The 
passage  has  been  attributed,  but  incorrectly,  to 
the  author  of  the  Characteristics. 

Horace  St.  John. 

The  passage  relating  to  the  creation  and  de- 
struction of  man,  referred  to  by  Mr.  William 
Bates  (2°'*  S.  ii.  280.),  and  queried  by  him  as  a 
saying  of  Franklin,  is  in  reality  a  quotation  from 
IVistram  Shavdy,  vol.  ix.  chap,  xxxiii. 

John  Bookeh. 

Rose  Leaves  (2"'^  S.  ii.  387.)  —  I  believe  that 
the  oriental  process  of  making  these  beads  consists  , 
in  pounding  the  petals  of  the  flowers  in  an  iron 
mortar,  which  gives  the  paste  its  black  colour. 
After  being  rolled  or  moulded  into  a  spherical 
form,  the  beads  are  dried,  perforated  with  a  red- 
hot  wire,  and  finally  perfumed  by  being  rubbed 
with  a  little  attar  of  rose. 

W.  J.  Bernhabd  Smith. 

Temple. 

^^ Romance  of  the  Pyrenees"  (1"  S.  xi.  105.)  — 
The  Romance  of  the  Pyrenees,  inquired  after  by 
your  coi'respondent  Uneda,  was  written  by  Miss 
Cuthbertson,  author  of  Adelaide,  and  other  ro- 
mances. R.  Inglis. 

"  aieck  "  or  "  Cheque  "  (2"''  S.  ii.  19. 377.)  —  I 
must  altogether  differ  from  your  correspondents 
on  this  question.  My  experience,  which  is  ample 
for  the  decision  of  the  point,  is  dead  against  them. 
1  have  found  cheque  almost  universally  used. 

C.  Mansfield  Ingleby. 

Birmingham. 

Precentor  of  the  Province  of  Canterhury  (2'"^  S. 
ii.  389.)  —  In  Palmer's  Origines  Liturgicce,  edit. 
1845,  vol.  i.  p.  187.,  it  is  stated  that,  — 

"  The  '  Use '  or  custom  of  Sarum  derives  its  origin  from 
Osmund,  bishop  of  that  see  in  a.d.  1078.  We  are  in- 
formed that  he  built  a  new  cathedral,  collected  together 
clergy,  distinguished  as  well  for  learning  as  for  knowledge 
of  chanting ;  and  composed  a  book  for  the  regulation  of 


ecclesiastical  offices,  which  was  entitled  the  '  custom ' 
book.  The  substance  of  this  was  probably  incorporated 
into  the  Missal  and  other  ritual  books  of  Sarum,  and  ere 
long  almost  the  whole  of  England,  Wales,  and  Ireland, 
adopted  it.  When  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  cele- 
brated the  liturgy  in  the  presence  of  the  bishops  of  hia 
province,  the  Bishop  of  Salisbury  (probably  in  conse- 
quence of  the  general  adoption  of  the  '  Use '  of  Sarum) 
acted  as  Precentor  of  the  College  of  Bishops,  a  title  which 
he  still  retains." 

G.  W.  N. 

The  Hollies,  Wilmslow. 

Lollard  (2"''  S.  ii.  329.)  —  The  Rev.  J.  Blunt, 
in  his  Sketch  of  the  Reformation  in  England,  says 
that  the  name  Lollard  was  probably  given  to  the 
sect  as  being  tares,  lolium,  amongst  the  wheat ; 
and  he  quotes  a  passage  from  Eusebius,  which 
proves  that  heretics  were  spoken  of  as  tares  at 
an  early  age  : 

"  fifaviwv  SiKrfv  \viJ.aivoiJi.evo>v  Tov  tlXiKpivri  T^s  aTro(TTo\iKrji 

SiSa.(rKa\Cas  inopov."  —  Hist.  Eccles.  iv.  c.  24.  p.  187. 

F.  M.  Middxeton. 

Ellastone,  Staffordshire. 

Imp  used  for  Progeny  (2""^  S.  ii.  238.)  —  It  ap- 
pears to  me  not  at  all  improbable  that  this  word 
was  used  (pedantically  at  first)  in  the  times  of 
Elizabeth  and  James  I.,  not  with  reference  to  its 
Saxon  origin,  but  as  an  abbreviation  of  the  Latin 
word  impubes,  "  one  who  has  not  arrived  at  pu- 
berty." Henry  T.  Riley. 

Clandestine  Opening  of  Letters  (2"^  S.  ii.  47.) 
—  The  late  Ralph  Allen,  Esq.  (the  Squire  All- 
worthy  of  Tom  Jones),  founder  of  Prior  Park, 
owed  his  fortune  to  opening  letters  in  the  Bath 
post-office,  in  which  he  was  employed.  These 
letters  gave  an  account  of  a  conspiracy  in  favour 
of  the  Pretender  in  the  west  of  England. 

O.  C.  P. 

Marriage,  its  first  Solemnisation  in  the  Church 
(2"«  S.  ii.  387.)  —  The  decree  of  Pope  Innocent 
III.,  or  rather  of  the  Great  Council  of  Latcran 
convoked  by  that  pope  in  1215,  regarded  only  the 
universal  publication  of  banns,  which  were  already 
in  use  in  several  countries.  But  it  had  always 
been  the  custom  to  solemnise  marriage  before  a 
priest  and  receive  from  him  the  nuptial  benedic- 
tion. This  is  proved  by  reference  even  to  the 
early  Fathers,  as  may  be  seen  in  the  work  of 
Benedict  XIV.,  De  Synodo,  lib.  8.  It  may  sufiice 
here  to  quote  the  words  of  St.  Synesius,  Bishop  of 
Ptolemais  in  the  fifth  century  : 

"  Fidelium  nuptias  palam  in  ecclesia  fuisse  semper  ab 
episcopo  aut  presbytero  benedictas  et  sanctificatas." 

F.  C.  H. 

Furious  Cocks  (2""^  S.  ii.  411.) — "Was  not 
Boileau  said  to  have  had  injuries  inflicted  on  him 
by  a  turkey  cock,  when  a  child,  that  rendered  him 
incapable  of  becoming  a  husband  ?  T.  X.  R. 


460 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"dS.  N<>49,,Dec.  6. '56. 


Fragments  of  Memorials  of  former  Greatness 
(2°''  S.  i.  405.)  —  Add  to  your  list  the  stone  coffin 
of  Joan,  the  daughter  of  King  John,  who  was 
married  to  Prince  Llewellyn  ap  Jorwith,  Prince 
of  North  Wales.  It  is  preserved  in  the  demesne 
of  the  Bulkeley  family,  who  are  very  courteous, 
and  give  every  facility  to  strangers  and  visitors  to 
see  Barron  Hill.  I  copied  the  following  inscrip- 
tion in  1849:  — 

"This  plain  sarcophagus  (once dignified  as  having  con- 
tained the  remains  of  Joan,  daughter  of  King  John,  and 
consort  of  Llewellyn  ap  Jorwith,  Prince  of  North  Wales, 
who  died  in  the  year  1237)  having  been  conveyed  from 
the  priory  of  Llanfres,  and,  alas !  used  for  many  j'ears  as  a 
horse  watering-trough,  was  rescued  from  such  indignity 
and  placed  here  for  preservation,  as  well  as  to  excite 
serious  meditations  on  the  transitory  nature  of  all  sub- 
lunary distinctions,  by  Thos.  James  Warren  Bulkeley, 
Visct.  Bulkeley.      Oct.  1808." 

On  the  othet  side  of  the  coffin  are  the  following 
lines :  — 

"  Blessed  be  the  man  whose  chaste  and  classic  mind 
This  unassuming  monument  designed. 
Rescued  from  vulgar  use  the  sculptured  stone 
To  breathe  a  moral  o'er  thy  ashes  —  Joan ; 
To  shew  mankind  how  idle  is  the  aim 
To  thirst  for  riches,  or  to  strive  for  fame : 
To  teach  them,  too,  to  watch  life's  fleeting  day, 
Nor  grasp  at  shadows  which  soon  pass  away ; 
For  Nature  tells  us  in  Angelic  breath 
There 's  nothing  certain  in  this  world  but  death, 
"  August,  1823." 

Truly,  "  Csesar's  dust,  and  Shakspeare's  bung- 
holes"  could  not  halve  a  better  commentary. 

Geo.  Lloyd. 

In  St.  John's  Church,  Margate,  there  used  to 
be  one  or  more  helmets,  with  gauntlets,  memorials, 
it  was  said,  of  the  Dandelion  (Dent-de-Lion)  fa- 
mily. In  the  church  at  Coleshill,  in  Warwick- 
shire, there  was,  in  1839,  an  immensely  ponderous 
iron  helmet  to  be  seen,  on  one  of  the  window-sills. 

Henry  T.  Riley. 

Derivation  of  Pamphlet  (2"''  S.  ii.  408.)  --  I 
diffijr  altogether  from  Mr.  Singleton,  and  think 
the  derivation  given  in  Johnson  —  par  un  filet  — 
is  the  very  worst  of  all, — and  that  Mr.  Singleton's 
reason  in  favour  of  its  being  derived  from  three 
French  words,  namely,  that  in  French  the  thing  is 
called  a  brochure,  tells  just  the  other  way  :  for  if 
it  were  French,  would  not  the  French  have  more 
probably  retained  it?  —  but  on  the  contrary  the 
Dictionnaire  de  TAcademie  says  "  pamphlet,  an 
English  word  borrowed  into  our  language  for  a 
brochure."  Brochure  is  from  broche,  stitched. 
Minshew  derives  it  from  the  Greek  irdv  irX-r^doD,  all 
full ;  Skinner  from  pampire,  Fr.  from  papyrus ; 
Cole  from  pampier,  paper ;  all  very  improbable.  It 
is  clear  that  we  are  not  yet  on  the  right  scent. 

C. 

How  to  frighten  Dogs  (2"'^  S.  ii.  278.)  —  Let 
me  refer  H.  E.  W.  to  Mure's  Journal  of  a  Tour 


in  Greece  and  the  Ionian  Isles,  1842,  for  a  beauti- 
ful illustration  of  Homer's  account  of  Ulysses' 
mode  of  escaping  danger  from  the  fierceness  of  the 
dogs.  At  p.  99.  vol.  i.,  he  relates  that  a  benighted 
traveller,  approaching  a  shepherd's  dwelling,  was 
surrounded  by  the  dogs,  and  was  in  no  small 
danger  till  the  old  shepherd  dispersed  them. 
This  Eumalus  told  the  traveller  that  he  should 
have  sat  down,  and  have  laid  aside  his  weapon  of 
defence,  in  which  case  the  dogs  would  squat  in  a 
circle  round  him,  only  stirring  when  he  stirred, 
and  that  the  animals  would  withdraw  at  the  call 
of  a  person  they  knew.  This  was  told  without 
any  reference  to  the  Odyssey.  Threlkeld. 

Cambridge. 

Naked-Boy  Court  (2"*  S.  ii.  387.)  —  Threl- 
keld's  Query  doubtless  refers  to  Pannier  Alley, 
Newgate  Street,  so  called  from  the  stone  relief 
still,  I  believe,  to  be  seen  there,  representing  a 
naked  boy  bestriding  a  pannier,  with  the  doggrel 
lines  beneath  (intended  to  commemorate  the  fact 
of  the  place  being  the  highest  spot  within  the  pre- 
cincts of  the  city)  : 

"  When  you  have  sought  the  city  round. 
Yet  still  this  is  the  highest  ground." 

Probably  some  of  your  correspondents  more  versed 
in  London  antiquities  can  verify  this. 

Henry  W.  S.  Taylor,      v 
Southampton. 


BOOKS    AND     ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &e.  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  eiven  for  that  purpose : 

Spenser's  Faerie  Qoeene.    London.    J.  Brindley.    4to.    Vol.  II. 
Avala's  PicToa  Christixnus  Erui>itds. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  J.  C.  Jackson,  17.  Sutton  Place,  Lower  Clapton. 

Pope's  Letters.    2  Vols.    Small  8yo.    Cooper.    1737. 
Pope's  Letters  to  Cromwell.    Curll.     1727. 
CuRLicisM  Displayed.    London.     12mo.    1718. 
The  Corliad.    12mo.    London,  1729. 
Key  to  the  Donciad.    12mo.    London,  1729. 

Ditto  Ditto    Second  Edition.     1729. 

Ditto  Ditto    Third  Edition.      1729. 

Court  Poems.    Dublin,  1716. 

Wanted  by  WiUiam  J.  Thorns,  Esq.,  25.  Holywell  Street,  Millbank, 
Westminster. 


fiatlcei  to  €avve^^axiiitnti. 

Owing  to  the  great  number  of  articles  in  type  waiting  for  insertion  we 
have  been  compelled  to  omit  our  usxial  Notes  on  Books,  and  Replies  to 
many  Correspondentt. 

A.  Holt  White.  Where  can  we  forward  a  letter  to  this  Correspon- 
dent f 

M.  F.  B.  We  have  been  told  that  the  origin  of  "  Going  to  Bath  to  get 
your  head  shayed  "  has  something  to  do  with  the  wig  being  too  tight  for  the 
head.    We  confess  we  do  not  see  the  allusion. 

"Notes  and  Queries  "  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
is.nied  in  Monthly  Parts.  The  siibscriptixm  for  Stamped  Copies  for- 
loarded  direct  frwn  the  Publishers  (.including  the  Half-yearly  Index)  is 
lis.  id.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in  favour  o/ Messrs. 
Bell  and  Daldy,  186.  Fleet  Street;  to  whom  also  all  CoMMONicAiioKS 
ron  IHB  Editor  should  be  addressed. 


2»*  S.  No  50.,  Deo.  13.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


461 


MNDON,  SATURDAY,  HECEMBER  13.  1856. 


ILLUSTRATIONS   OF   MACAULAT. 

Dr.  Walker y  Governor  of  Londonderry.  —  I  am 
not  aware  if  anything  is  known  of  his  family  or 
descendants,  but  I  have  in  my  possession  a  curi- 
ous petition  to  George  III.  from  a  grand-niece,  a 
Mrs.  Young,  the  wife  of  an  American  loyalist, 
wherein  she  gives  some  particulars  of  the  family 
history.  I  transcribe  it  for  the  interesting  inform- 
ation it  contains. 

"  To  the  King's  Most  Excellent  Majesty, 
"  The  Petition  of  Alicia  Maria  Young 
"  Most  humbly  sheweth 

"That  your  most  gracious  Majesty's  humble  Petitioner, 
impelled  by  the  most  poignant  distress  and  the  necessitous 
calls  of  a  numerous  family,  has  presumed  to  lay  at  your 
Majesty's  feet  a  few  lines,  imploring  not  only  your  Ma- 
jesty's royal  benevolence  but  forgiveness  for  such  pre- 
sumption. That  your  Majesty's  Petitioner  humbly  begs 
leave  to  state,  and  which  will  appear  by  a  certificate  in 
her  possession  from  the  Bishop  of  Leighlin  and  Ferns  and 
other  dignified  characters  in  Irelaad,  that  she  is  Grand- 
daughter to  the  late  Capt"  Gervas  Walker,  brother  of  the 
late  Revd  Doctor  Geo.  Walker,  Governor  of  Londonderry 
(in  the  Kingdom  of  Ireland)  when  besieged,  and  who  fell 
in  the  service  of  his  Majesty  King  William.  That  in 
consequence  of  his  loyalty  and  signal  services  a  pension 
of  one  hundred  poimds  p.  ann.  was  granted  in  1756  to  his 
lineal  descendant  Geo.  Walker,  and  at  his  decease  con- 
tinued to  his  daughters,  Celia,  Jane,  and  Sherry,  the  last 
of  whom  died  in  1781,  since  which  period  no  pension  has 
been  apply'd  for  by  any  of  the  Kindred  of  Governor 
Walker.  That  j'our  Majestj''s  Petitioner's  Husband 
John  Young  went  to  America  in  1774  as  a  Merch',  where 
by  the  Vississitute  {sic)  of  fortune  during  tbe  late  war 
his  property  and  himself  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  Ame- 
ricans, which  proved  not  only  destructive  to  our  little 
fortune,  but  has  involved  himself  and  your  most  gracious 
Majesty's  petitioner  with  four  dear  children  in  utter  ruin 
and  distress,  j'our  Majesty's  Petitioner's  Husband  being 
exiled  from  her  for  debt  and  consequently  cannot  render 
the  smallest  services  or  assistance  towards  the  support  of 
his  distress'd  family.  That  in  this  unhappy  predicament 
your  Majesty's  Petitioner  with  all  humility  begs  leave  to 
prostrate  herself  at  your  Majesty's  feet,  imploring  that 
the  unfortunate  and  distress'd  situation  of  herself  and 
Husband,  with  the  cries  of  her  four  dear  children,  will  re- 
commend her  to  your  Majesty's  royal  clemenc}',  earnestly 
imploring  that  the  Benevolence  and  Humanity  which  has 
so  long  distinguished  your  royal  breast  will  plead  her 
cause,  and  that  j'our  Majesty  in  your  accustomed  Bounty 
and  Goodness  will  be  graciously  pleased  to  gi-ant  to  your 
Majesty's  Petitioner,  as  the  only  indigent  surviving  lineal 
descendant  of  Governor  Walker,  the  Pension  heretofore 
enjoyed  by  the  late  Geo.  Walker  and  his  family,  or  such 
other  relief  as  to  your  Most  Gracious  Majesty  may  seem 
meet,  and  your  Majesty's  Petitioner's  distressed  family  as 
in  duty  bound  will  ever  pray. 

"  Alicia  Makia  Young. 

«  65.  High  Street, 
Mary  le  bone." 

To  this  petition  is  appended  a  certificate  of  Dr. 
Inglis,  late  rector  of  New  York,  dated  "  London, 
June  4,  1787,"  to  the  following  effect :  — 


"  I  do  hereby  certify  that  Mr.  John  Young  and  Alicia 
Maria  his  wife  were  personally  known  to  me  at  New 
York  for  several  years,  as  well  before  as  during  the  late 
American  Rebellion  —  that  Mr.  Young  was  a  Merchant 
of  good  reputation,  took  a  decided  part  on  the  side  of 
Government  when  the  Rebellion  broke  out,  and  uniformly 
persevered  in  the  same  line  of  Loyal  conduct — that  he 
suffered  many  losses  in  his  property,  by  which  his  family 
was  reduced  from  affluence  to  indigence  and  distress  — 
that  the  above  Alicia  Maria  his  wife,  who  applied  for  this 
certificate,  is  now  in  London  and  overwhelmed  with  dif- 
ficulties to  support  herself  and  four  small  children  —  that 
I  always  understood  and  believed  her  to  be  a  woman  of 
respectable  birth  and  education,  and  so  far  as  I  know  ever 
supported  a  fair  and  amiable  character,  and  that  she  is  au 
object  well  worthy  the  attention  of  the  benevolent  and 
humane,  who  may  be  disposed  to  assist  dejected  merit 
and  relieve  those  who  have  seen  better  days. 

"  (Signed)  Charles  Inglis!!  D.D., 

Late  Rector  of  New  York." 

I  know  not  what  success  the  petition  obtained, 
or  whether  any ;  and  there  is  nothing  endorsed  on 
it  to  show.  The  curious  part  of  it  is,  that  a  col- 
lateral descendant  of  the  loyalist,  Governor  Wal- 
ker, should  have  been  the  wife  of  an  American 
loyalist.  The  papers  themselves  came  into  my 
hands  amongst  a  mass  of  government  documents 
which  I  discovered  some  years  ago  in  a  cheese- 
monger's shop,  and  I  suppose  had  been  thrown 
out  as  waste  or  refuse  paper,  but  they  contain 
many  curious  MSS.  and  autographs.  T.  S. 


"  The  Dutch-  Gards  Farewell  to  England.^''  — 

•  In  Times  of  great  Danger  have  we  been  so  civil, 

To  save  your  Religion  from  Pope  and  the  Devil? 

The  Freedoms  and  Laws  which  our  Kingdom  may 
boast 

Have  we  not  Restor'd  them,  before  they  were  lost  ? 

Your  Lives  we  preserv'd  from,  the  Priest's  Bloody 
Slaughter, 

Endangering  our  Own  by  our  Crossing  the  Water. 

We  might  have  been  kill'd  too,  but  that  we  were  Cun- 
ning, 

And  turning  our  Tails,  sav'd  ourselves  by  our  Running. 

Must  these  our  Adventures  with  shame  be  Rewarded, 

And  not  in  the  Liegerof  Fame  be  Recorded.' 

Must  we  the  Battalions  of  Chosen  Dutch  Skaters, 

Be  drove  by  a  Law  from  your  Wives  and  j'our  daugh-  i 
ters. 

And  kick'd  from  the  Crown  like  a  parcel  of  Tray  tors?. 

Must  we  that  Redeem'd  you  from  Pop'ry  and  Slavery ; " 

And  made  you  all  Free  in  the  use  of  your  Knavery ; 

Be  recompenc'd  thus  for  our  Courage  and  Bravery  i 

O  England !  0  England !  'Tis  very  hard  Measure ; 

And  things  done  in  Haste,  are  Repented  at  Liesure. 
"  But  since  we  are  forc'd  to  take  leave  of  your  Nation 

And  Lope  Skellum  after  a  very  Odd  fashion ; 

Where  our  Frowes  and  our  Skildren  were  happily  Set- 
tled, 

To  tell  you  the  Truth,  we  are  damnably  Nettled. 

We  bid  you  Farwell,  since  we're  bound  to  forsake-ye; 

And  heartily  wish  a  French  Devil  may  take-ye. 

May  Discords  Domestick  arise  and  confound-ye. 

And  Lewis  this  Summer  with  Forces  surround-ye. 

May  your  Taxes  encrease  till  it  quite  has  undone  ye ; 

And  the  Dutch  run  away  with  your  Trade  and  your 
Money. 


:} 

.very ;  1 
i^ery;  > 
3ry'?    J 


462 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°'i  S.  No  50„  Dec.  13.  '56. 


In  the  Midst  of  all  which,  ma}'  your  Bankers  forsake- 

ye; 
And  run  with  their  Treasure  to  Holland,  and  Break-ye. 
"  Farwel  to  your  Beef,  Pudding,  Capon  and  Mutton, 
And  all  your  fine  Dainties,  so  fit  for  a  Glutton : 
You've  Nothing  so  Good  for  a  Dutchman  to  Eat, 
As  Burgooe,  Eed-herring,  Dry'd  Whiting,  and  Scate; 
It's  Food  for  a  Burgher,  or  Chief  of  the  State. 
Farwell  to  the  Grandure  and  State  that  we  liv'd  in; 
And  to  your  deep  Bags  we  have  pretty  well  div'd  in. 
Farewell  Brother  Soldiers,  you  Drunken  poor  Fellows, 
Who  whilst  we  were  Paid,  run  the  hazard  of  Gallows, 
Like  True  Men  of  Honour,  in  Trying  your  Fortune 
For  Money  to  Compas  a  Punk  and  a  Quartan, 
Farwell  to  (he  Pleasures  of  Kensington  Town; 
And  the  Sutlers  true  Nantz,  that  went  merrily  down. 
Farewel  to  King  William,  and  Long  may  he  Reign, 
Whose  Service  we're  forc'd  from  ;  and  now  to  be  plain, 
Vel  G — d  we  shall  ne're  live  so  Happy  again. 

"  London.    Printed  in  the  Year  1699." 
No.  42.  of  the  Collection  of  Proclamations,  &c. 

presented  to  the  Chetham  Library,  Manchester, 

by  James  0.  Halliwell,  Esq.  F.R.S. 

BiBLIOTHECAK.  ChETHA.M. 


THE  DUKE  OF  GEAFTON,  TREMIEE  OF  ENGLAND. 

Apart  from  its  supplemental  interest  to  a  Note 
contributed  by  me  (2"''  S.  ii.  372.),  the  following 
biographical  sketch  of  Augustus,  Duke  of  Grafton 
(which  appeared  in  the  Dublin  Correspondent* 
shortly  after  his  Grace's  death  in  1811),  may  be 
deemed,  from  the  nature  of  its  historical  allusion 
and  detail,  worthy  of  a  niche  in  "  N.  &  Q."  The 
Duke  passed  through  eventful  times,  and  was 
himself  a  remarkable  and  variously  gifted  man. 
Junius's  estimate  of  his  Grace's  importance  and 
ability  is  evidenced  in  the  implacable  hostility 
with  which  he  pursued  him  for  years.  Gorton's 
voluminous  Biographical  Dictionary,  or  the  few 
modern  cyclopaedias  which  I  have  been  able  to  con- 
sult, makes  no  reference  to  the  Ducal  Premier.  In 
addition  to  the  unpublished  Vindication  of  his 
policy,  already  referred  to  (ante,  p.  372.),  the  Duke 
wrote  some  theological  disquisitions.  The  fol- 
lowing contemporary  memoir  of  the  great-grand- 
son of  King  Charles,  the  friend  of  Chatham,  the 
patron  of  Gray,  and  the  enemy  of  Junius,  is  in- 
teresting, and  merits  preservation  :  — 

"  The  Duke  of  Grafton. 

"  This  Nobleman,  who  formed  a  very  conspicuous 
figure  in  the  political  world,  expired  on  Thursday  last, 
at  Easton  Hall,  Sussex,  in  the  75th  year  of  his  age.  He 
was  born  Sept.  28,  1735,  and  was  great-grandson  of 
Charles  the  Second.  The  Duke  possessed  considerable 
talents,  and  had  acquired  a  good  education.  He  was  first 
introduced  into  political  life  by  the  Earl  of  Bute,  but  he 
afterwards  attached  himself  to  Lord  Chatham.  On  the 
retirement  of  that  Nobleman  from  office,  he  became  Prime 
Minister.     At  this  period  his  Grace  was  exalted  into  the 

•  For  some  data  respecting  this  journal  and  its  editor, 
see"N.  &Q."  1"  S.  xii.  80.. 


particular  notice  of  the  people  by  the  literary  attacks  of 
the  celebrated  Junius.  Admirable  as  the  letters  of  Ju- 
nius are,  and  warmed  as  they  appear  to  be  by  the  impulse 
of  public  spirit,  there  is  reason  to  believe  that  motives  of 
private  resentment  influenced  him,  as  there  was  a  bitter- 
ness and  perseverance  in  his  hostility  towards  the  Duke, 
which  could  hardly  be  considered  as  the  offspring  of  mere 
patriotism.  —  Such,  however,  was  the  operation  of  those 
letters  on  the  public  mind,  that  the  Duke  of  Grafton  be- 
came unpopular,  and  never  after  was  a  favourite  with  the 
people.  After  his  retirement  from  power,  he  occasionally 
interfered  in  Parliamentary  Debates,  but  never  seemed 
solicitous  to  resume  an  official  situation.  Whenever  he 
did  speak,  however,  his  opinions  were  generally  adverse 
to  Ministers.  He  was  formal  and  slow  in  his  delivery, 
but  what  he  said  was  marked  by  good  sense  and  know- 
ledge of  the  subject. 

"  The  Duke  had  the  merit  of  patronising  our  great 
Ljric  Bard,  Gray,  who,  by  his  Grace's  influence,  was 
nominated  King's  Professor  of  Modern  History  in  the 
University  of  Cambridge.  The  Poet  made  a  return  which 
will  immortalise  his  Patron,  as  he  wrote  an  animated 
Ode  on  the  Installation  of  his  Grace  as  Chancellor  of  the 
University.  The  Duke  in  private  life  was  affectionate 
to  his  children ;  and  though  a  sense  of  his  high  rank 
uniformly  governed  his  conduct,  3'et  he  was  distinguislied 
for  that  good-breeding  which  formed  a  prominent  feature 
in  the  manners  of  the  old  British  Nobility." 

The  Duke  having  been  divorced  from  his  wife 
by  Act  of  Parliament,  she  married  John  Fifz- 
Patrick,  second  Earl  of  Upper  Ossory,  a  title  now 
extinct.  William  John  Fitz-Patrick. 

Kilmacud  Manor,  Dublin. 


NOTE    ON   THE    "  WAVERLEY    NOVELS. 

It  was  only  a  few  days  ago  that  I  happened  to 
see  the  clever  and  ingenious  pamphlet.  Who  wrote 
the  Waverleij  Novels  ?  by  W.  J.  F.  I  presume 
the  author  is  a  lawyer ;  at  any  rate,  he  ought  to 
be  one,  having  made  out  so  plausible  a  case  by  his 
'■'■  special  pleading''''  in  this  instance.  But  his  essay 
is  all  "mere  moonshine" — "Love's  Labour  Lost." 
He  broadly  states  that  Sir  Walter  Scott  must 
have  made  large  use  of  his  brother  Tom's  letters  ; 
and  even  insinuates,  that  all  the  MSS.  of  the 
novels  and  tales  are  not  in  his  own  handwriting. 
Now,  I  have  frequently  been  in  Scott's  den  (as  he 
called  the  study  at  Abbotsford)  when  he  was 
composing  a  forthcoming  novel,  and  am  quite 
certain  he  never  even  referred  to  any  MSS.,  but 
only  to  the  printed  books  in  his  own  goodly  col- 
lection. The  MSS.  of  the  novels  and  tales  were 
the  property  of  the  late  Archd.  Constable  ;  and 
when  I  was  passing  a  few  days  with  him  at  Polton, 
near  Edinburgh,  while  Scott  was  composing  one  of 
the  series  of  The  Tales  of  my  Landlord,  he  asked 
me  to  put  them  in  order ;  taking  care  to  lock 
myself  into  his  sanctum  while  I  was  engaged  in 
this  "  labour  of  love.'  The  MSS.  were  all  tliere, 
in  Scott's  autograph,  except  Ivanhoe  and  The 
Bi'ide  of  Lammermoor,  which  were  dictated ;  but 
they  were  so  much  intermixed  with  each  other, 


2»d  S.  No  60.,  Dec.  13.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


463 


that  it  took  me  a  whole  day  to  separate  and  ar- 
range them.  Mr.  W.  J.  F.  does  not  appear  to 
know  that  these  MSS.  have  been  sold  by  auction 
since  Constable's  death. 

Tom  Scott  partook  of  his  brother's  talent  as  a 
conteur,  and  may  have  told  him  some  of  the  stories 
which  he  afterwards  worked  up  into  his  immortal 
productions.  But  this  may  be  said  of  Shakspeare 
himself.  How  many  of  his  plots  have  been  traced 
to  obscure  books  !  He  often  pilfered  the  shape- 
less stones  with  which  he  reared  his  glorious  struc- 
tures. I  very  much  doubt  if  Tom  Scott  could 
have  penned  a  page  worth  printing ;  but  I  am 
very  sure  he  was  too  indolent  to  have  taken  the 
trouble  of  even  trying  to  produce  an  article  for 
the  Quarterly,  as  Sir  Walter  recommended.  It  is 
astonishing  to  me  that  W.  J.  F.  can  doubt  Sir 
Walter's  rapidity  of  composition  when  in  health, 
after  reading  Lockhart's  interesting  account  (de- 
rived from  the  undoubted  testimony  of  John  Bal- 
lantyne,  on  that  occasion  one  of  the  amanuenses) 
of  the  dictation  of  two  of  his  most  finished  tales,  of 
most  engrossing  interest  —  Ivanhoe,  and  The  Bride 
of  Lammermoor  *  (see  Life  of  Scott,  ch.  44.) 
while  he  was  suffering  from,  severe  cramp  in  the 
stomach.  But  I  do  not  believe  they  were  written  I 
with  more  celerity  than  Sir  Edward  Bulwer's, 
with  the  exception  of  two  or  three,  the  2nd  and 
3rd  vols,  of  Waverley,  for  instance,  in  less  than  a 
month,  and  Kenilworth  in  three  months  to  a  day  ! 
The  latter  was  transcribed  by  me,  and  I  made  a 
note  of  the  time  when  I  received  the  beginning 
and  end.  The  tale,  however,  had  been  in  a  latent 
state,  in  Scott's  mind,  for  several  years. 

I  have  read  nearly  the  whole  of  the  vast  col- 
lection of  letters  addressed  to  Scott,  and  there  is 
not  a  line  there  which  could  in  the  slightest  degree 
support  W.  J.  F.'s  theory  of  T.  Scott's  joint  au- 
thorship. 

There  was  a  person  to  whom  Scott  was  more 
indebted  than  to  his  brother  —  but  only  for  the 
groundwork  of  some  of  his  tales  —  Mr.  Joseph 
Train,  to  whose  family  Lord  Aberdeen  very  pro- 
perly granted  a  small  pension  for  assistance  ren- 
dered by  their  father  to  Sir  Walter  Scott.  Train 
picked  up  some  curious  and  interesting  legends  in 
the  course  of  his  rides  as  an  exciseman,  which  he 
communicated  by  letter  to  Sir  Walter,  who  made 
a  liberal  use  of  them,  which  he  amply  acknow- 
ledged in  the  annotated  edition.  Mr.  Train's 
letters  are  now  at  Abbotsford,  and  I  have  read 
several  of  these  "  long  yarns."  Though  they  show 
much  zeal  in  Scott's  service,  they  are  not  remark- 
able for  any  particular  talent.  In  truth,  there  is 
as  much  difference  between  Mr.  T.'s  disjecta 
membra  and  the  tales  to  which  they  partly  gave 

*  Lockhart  is  mistakea  in  saying  "  the  whole  of  the 
Legend  of  Montrose  was  dictated,"  the  greater  portion 
having  been  transcribed  by  me  from  Scott's  MS. 


birth,  as  there  is  between  a  rough  block  of  free- 
stone from  the  quarry  and  the  "  living  marble  " 
which  shines  forth,  to  captivate  generation  after 
generation,  in  the  Apollo  Belvidere.* 

Geo.  Huntly  Gordon. 


JOHN    CHURCHILI-   AND   THE   DUCHESS    OP 
CLEVELAND. 

Mr.  Macaulay,  speaking  of  the  5000^.  given  by 
the  Duchess  of  Cleveland  to  Churchill,  says 
(vol.  i.  p.  461.): 

"  I  hope  there  is  no  truth  in  an  addition  to  the  story 
which  may  be  found  in  Pope : 

*  The  gallant,  too,  to  whom  she  paid  it  down. 
Lived  to  refuse  his  mistress  half-a-crown.' 
Curll  calls  this  a  piece  of  travelling  scandal." 

In  looking  through  the  New  Atalantis  I  found 
what  I  have  no  doubt  is  the  original  story.  Count 
Fortunatus  is  the  Atlantic  name  of  John  Churchill, 
and  the  Duchess  de  L'Inconstant  that  of  the 
lady  (vol.  i.  p.  57.  ed.  1720): 

"  Her  Pension  was  so  ill  paid,  that  she  had  oftentimes 
not  a  Pistole  at  Command ;  then  she  solicited  the  Count 
(whom  she  had  raised)  by  his  Favour  with  the  Court, 
that  her  Affairs  might  be  put  into  a  better  Posture ;  but 
he  was  deaf  to  all  her  Intreaties.  Nay,  he  carried  his  In- 
gratitude much  farther :  One  Night  at  an  Assembly  of 
the  best  Quality,  when  the  Count  tallied  to  'em  at  Basset, 
the  Dutchess  lost  all  her  Money,  and  begged  the  Favour 
of  him,  in  a  very  civil  Manner,  to  lend  her  Twenty  Pieces ; 
which  he  absolutely  refused,  though  he  had  a  Thousand 
upon  the  Table  before  him,  and  told  her  coldly.  The 
Bank  never  lent  any  Money.  Not  a  Person  upon  the 
Place  but  blamed  him  in  their  Hearts:  As  to  the 
Dutchess's  part,  her  Resentment  burst  out  into  a  Bleeding 
at  her  Nose,  and  breaking  of  her  Lace ;  without  which 
Aid,  it  is  believed,  her  Vexation  had  killed  her  upon  the 
Spot." 

Without  passing  any  judgment  upon  the  first 
accusation,  it  will  probably  be  thought  that  on  the 
charge  circumstantially  made,  Churchill  must  be 
honourably  acquitted,  as  having  done  the  kindest 
thing  that  could  be  done.  It  may  be  added  that 
probably  the  money  was  not  his  own,  or  rather, 
would  not  have  been  his  own  if  the  story  had 
been  true.  A.  De  Morgan. 


THE   PEN    AND   THE    SWORD. 

Literary  pursuits  are  but  little  in  accordance 
with  those  of  warfare ;  still  I  have  met  with  two  or 
three  instances,  and  those  in  remarkable  persons, 
who  have  become  gens  de  Vepee ;  and  perhaps  some 


*  [However  unwilling  to  open  the  columns  of  "  N.  & 
Q."  to  any  farther  discussion  upon  this  subject,  we  do  not 
feel  justified  in  excluding  a  communication  supplj'ing 
important  facts,  with  which  Mr.  Huntly  Gordon  had 
peculiar  facilities  of  becoming  acquainted.  —  Ed.  "  N.  & 
Q."] 


464 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nds.  No50.,Dkc.  18.'56. 


of  your  readers  may  be  able  to  furnish  me  with 
notices  of  some  others,  which  I  shall  be  happy  to 
receive.  The  period  of  their  services  I  should  wish 
to  be  during  the  reign  of  Geo.  III.,  the  armes  of 
service  which  they  followed  those  which  may  be 
styled  pro  oris  et  focis,  the  Militia,  Fencible  Ca- 
valry, &c.,  which  were  raised  for  the  defence  of 
Great  Britain  or  Ireland,  and  whose  duties  termi- 
nated with  the  duration  of  the  wars  then  pending. 
Of  the  examples  with  which  I  am  acquainted,  I 
may  produce,  in  the  first  place,  Edward  Gibbon, 
who  was  a  captain  in  the  South  Hants  Militia, 
commanded  by  Sir  Thomas  Worsley,  Bart.  From 
the  engravings  we  have  of  Gibbon,  he  seems  to 
have  had  but  little  of  the  military  air  or  appearance, 
nor  do  the  duties  of  an  officer  seem  to  have  been 
quite  congenial  with  his  ideas,  and  he  quotes  Cicero 
to  that  effect.*  Secondly,  I  may  mention  Francis 
Grose,  the  distinguished  antiquary,  who  was  for 
many  years  captain  and  adjutant  of  the  first 
Surrey  Militia,  and  I  leave  your  readers  to  judge 
of  his  military  figure  by  the  excellent  portrait  of 
him  by  Bartolozzi,  in  vol.  i.  of  Antiquities  of  Eng- 
land, Lond.,  1773.  The  last  example  which  I  shall 
adduce  is  that  of  Sir  Samuel  Egerton  Brydges, 
Bart,  (and  that  I  may  not  derogate  from  his  titles, 
he  used  to  sign  himself  per  legem  terras  Baron 
Chandos),  who  was  a  most  voluminous  author, 
and  one  of  great  versatility  of  talents.  He  held 
a  troop  in  the  New  Romney  Fencible  Light  Dra- 
goons for  three  years,  1795 — 1797.  *. 
Richmond,  Surrey. 


iflfltnor  ^titti, 

Salisbury  Primer.  —  There  was  sold,  in  Mr,  T. 
Nisbet's  Sale  Rooms,  Hanover  Street,  Edinburgh, 
a  very  fine  copy  of  the  Salisbury  Prymer,  printed 
in  black-letter  at  Rouen,  in  1538,  and  full  of  cuts. 
It  came  from  an  old  library  in  Aberdeenshire, 
and  had  been  in  possession  of  the  inheritors  of  the 
family  estate  for  upwards  of  two  centuries  and  a 
half.  It  was  in  the  original  sheep  binding ;  but 
on  the  sides,  on  different  pieces  of  leather,  the 
name  of  the  first  proprietor  had  been  impressed  : 
"Katherine  Campbell"  on  the  one  side,  and 
"  Contes  of  Crufurde"  on  the  other.  In  the  Cata- 
logue, one  leaf  (fol.  129.)  was  represented  as  want- 
ing. This  choice  morsel  for  a  bibliomaniac  was 
purchased  by  Mr.  T.  G.  Stevenson,  bookseller, 
Edinburgh,  at  the  moderate  price  of  12/.  14*.  66?., 
for  the  Lord  Lindsay,  the  AeiV-apparent  of  the 
Earl  of  Craufurd.  J.  Mt. 

Picture  Cleaning.  —  A  curious  MS.  in  my  pos- 
session, in  the  handwriting  of  the  seventeenth 


*  See  Miscellaneous  Works  of  Gibbon,  by  Lord  Shef- 
field, 5  vols.  8vo.,  Lond.,  1814,  vol.  i.  p.  137,  and  Epistol. 
of  Cicero  ad  Atticum,  lib.  v.  epist.  15. 


century,  being  a  kind  of  note-book,  and  abound- 
ing in  quaint  recipes,  experiments,  and  inventions 
(to  some  of  which  the  author  appends  prnbatum 
est),  among  others  gives  the  following  valuable !  one 
for  cleaning  oil-paintings ;  which,  if  not  already 
employed  in  our  National  Gallery,  might  perhaps 
serve,  when  that  collection  again  requires  scouring : 

"  How  to  refresh  and  scowr  old  picturs  that  are  wrought  in 
oyle. 

"  Take  the  picture  fro  the  frae,  wipe  off  the  dust  very 
cleane,  and  lay  it  levell  upon  a  table,  powreing  good 
sharp  vineg''  all  ov'  it ;  and  theyr  let  it  lye  and  soake  for 
three  or  fower  howers ;  if  the  vineg''  dry  up,  then  powre 
on  more,  continually  keepeing  it  wett.  Then  take  the 
poud''  of  a  dry  brick,  well  and  finely  searsed*  (for  fear  of 
scraeing  f  the  picture),  tyed  up  in  a  cours  linnen  ragg, 
dip  it  well  in  a  porrenger  of  vineg"",  and  with  it  rub  and 
scowre  your  picture  very  hard,  all  oV;  when  you  thinke 
it  is  cleane,  with  fair  water  or  a  wet  clout  wash  away 
th^  filth,  and  when  it  is  well  dryed,  put  it  again  into  the 
frae,  and  let  it  stand  in  the  su  for  a  day  or  two  (for  the 
sun  refresheth  colours  very  much),  rub  it  with  a  dry 
woollen  cloath  untill  it  shine,  then  hang  it  up." 

A  marginal  note  tells  us  : 

"  This  opposite  receit  will  cause  it  to  looke  all  most  as 
fresh  as  when  it  was  new.  .  .  .  Some  use  to  wash  them 
in  soap,  and  then  oyle  or  varnish  them  over,  but  that  is 
not  good  becaus  the  oyle  or  varnish  will  turne  yellow, 
and  gather  dust." 

Cl.  Hopper. 

"Ideational,"  a  new  Word.  —  Dr.  Carpenter,  in 
the  last  edition  of  his  Principles  of  Human  Physio- 
logy (p.  546.),  has  introduced  this  word  to  express 
a  state  of  consciousness  which  is  excited  by  cer- 
tain subjective  conditions  of  the  cerebrum,  in  a 
manner  analogous  to  that  state  of  consciousness 
which  is  excited  by  a  sensation  through  the  in- 
strumentality of  the  sensorium. 

Dr.  Carpenter  quotes  Mr.  James  Mill  as  his 
authority  for  the  substantive  form  of  the  word, 
riz.  ideation. 

As  the  adjective  form  is  so  appropriate,  and 
expressive,  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  it  may  come  to 
be  admitted  by  psychologists. 

In  the  mean  time,  it  may  be  useful  to  put  on 
record  in  "  N.  &  Q."  the  introduction  of  this  new 
word.  W.  B.  K. 

Sun  Dial  Motto.  —  The  following  I  copied  from 
the  sun-dial  on  an  old  house  in  Rye.  Over  the 
dial  : 

Tempus  edax  rerum." 
Under  it  : 

"  That  solar  shadow 
As  it  measures  life  it  life  resembles  too." 

H.  E.  P.  T. 
Hackney.     - 

In  Brading  churchyard.  Isle  of  Wight,  on  a  sun- 
dial, fixed  to  what  appears  originally  to  have  been 


*  Searsed,  sifted. 

t  Scraeing,  scrameing  or  scraneing,  i.  e.  scratching. 


a-a  S.  N°  60.,  Dec.  13.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


465 


part  of  a  churchyard  cross,  is  the  motto  :  "  Hora 
pars  vita3."  Mercatob,  A.B. 

The  Latin  "w"  and  the  Scotch  "  z«ee." — If 
Ovid  is  right  in  his  assertion  (Fasti,  book  iii. 
1.  446.  et  seq.),  that  the  Ve  in  Vejoois  was  an  an- 
cient Latin  word,  expressive  of  diminutiveness,  it 
is  a  curious  coincidence  how  nearly  it  resembles 
the  Scottish  word  wee,  expressive  of  an  exactly 
similar  meaning.  Hunbt  T.  Riley. 

Origin  of  the  Maldhoff.  — 

"  Some  ten  years  ago  a  sailor  and  rope-maker,  named 
Alexander  Ivanovitch  MalakofF,  lived  in  Sebastopol, 
and  by  his  good  humour,  jovial  habits,  and  entertaining 
qualities,  became  the  centre  of  a  select  circle  of  admiring 
companions.  Like  many  great  conversationalists  and 
wits,  MalakofF  contracted  most  intimate  relations  with 
Bacchus ;  and  under  the  influence  of  the  latter  he  parti- 
cipated, in  1831,  in  some  riots  which  broke  out  in  the 
town,  and  which  had  one  result — that  of  the  dismissal  of 
Malakoff  from  the  dockyard  in  which  he  was  emploj'ed. 
Being  incapable  of  turning  himself  to  any  more  reputable 
trade,  he  opened  a  low  wine-shed  on  a  hill  outside  of  the 
town,  and  introduced  into  practice  the  theoretical  notions 
which  he  had  acquired  b3'  a  long  and  zealous  study  of 
the  nature  of  beer-houses  and  wine-shops.  His  trade 
prospered ;  his  old  admirers  crowded  round  him ;  and  in 
their  enthusiasm  christened  the  wine-shed,  which  soon 
expanded  into  a  decent  public-house,  and  the  hill  on 
which  it  was  built,  by  the  name  of  the  popular  host.  In 
time  a  village  grew  around  the  public-house,  and  was 
likewise  called  by  the  name  of  MalakoiF.  But  the  enter- 
taining and  imaginative  founder  of  the  place  in  his  deepest 
cups  could  never  have  dreamt  that  one  day  his  name 
would  be  in  the  mouths  of  all  men,  and  that  one  of  the 
heroes  of  a  great  war  would  esteem  it  as  an  inestimable 
title  of  honour."  —  Gazette  de  France. 

Threlkeld. 

The  Porterfields.  —  The  following  cutting  from 
the  Greenock  Advertiser  of  Oct.  31,  1856,  notes 
the  last  of  a  family  living,  in  the  West  of  Scotland, 
namely,  the  Porterfields  of  Duchal  or  Porterfields 
of  that  Ilk,  i.e.  Porterfields  of  Porterfield.* 

"  An  intelligent  friend  strayed  into  the  churchyard  of 
Kilmalcolm  last  Tuesday,  and  made  the  following  inter- 
esting note.  On  the  tomb  of  the  Porterfields  of  Duchal, 
a  very  ancient  pile,  there  is  cut  the  following : 

*  Bvreit  heir  lyis 

That  deth  defyis 
Of  Porterfields  their  age 

Qho  be  the  Spirit 
To  Christ  unite 
Are  heirs  of  glor.  throu.  grace 
1560.' 
Which,  translated  into  modem  English,  runs  thus  — 

'  Buried  here  lies 
That  death  defies. 
Of  Porterfields  their  age  j 
Who,  by  the  Spirit; 
To  Christ  united. 
Are  heirs  of  glory,  through  grace. 
1560.' 

*  Ross  Corbett  Porterfield,  Esq.,  died  at  Gourock  on 
Oct.  26. 


He  adds,  it  is  only  four  years  short  of  three  hundred  since 
the  above  was  chiselled,  and  set  up  in  the  churchyard  of 
Kilmalcolm.  Tuesday's  obituary  recorded  that  the  last 
of  the  Porterfields  has  just  passed  away." 

A.  M. 
Greenock. 

Errors  in  the  English  Mint  —  In  Mr.  Timbs's 
interesting  book  on  Popular  Errors,  he  mentions, 
as  the  most  remarkable  instance  of  blundering 
in  the  national  mint,  the  well-known  "  Tower 
half-pence,"  bearing  the  sovereign's  name  as 
"geogius."  At  a  far  earlier  date  a  much  more 
remarkable  error  was  committed.  One  of  Ed- 
ward III.'s  gold  issue  of  1347,  instead  of  bearing 
on  its  reverse  the  legend  "  domine  .  ne  .  in  .  fvrokb  . 

TVO  .  ARGVAS  .  MB,"  reads  "  domine  .  IN  .  TVROBE  . 

Tvo  .  ARGVTs  .  ME."  One  of  these  is  in  my  posses- 
sion. They  were  at  once  called  in,  and  are  exces- 
sively rare.  R.  F.  L. 

Norwich. 

Imitations  of  Coins.  —  When  I  was  at  Malta, 
some  years  back,  I  had  lent  to  me  by  Capt.  Spratt, 
of  the  "  Spitfire,"  I  fancy,  some  ten  or  a  dozen 
false  dies  which  had  been  seized  in  one  of  the 
Greek  islands.  The  engraver,  it  was  said,  had  sold 
two  or  three  thousand  pounds'  worth  of  silver  and 
other  Greek  coins  (counterfeits)  to  the  English 
collectors.  The  dies  were  well  executed,  and  the 
mode  of  coining  seemed  to  be  like  the  Mediseval, 
viz.  hammering  till  the  impression  was  complete. 
Of  course  coins  struck  in  this  manner  from  sUfch 
dies  would  be  very  difficult  to  detect,  and  so  I  think 
more  than  ordinary  care  should  be  paid  to  the 
Greek  coins,  as  the  Greeks  are  both  clever  and 
cunning.  J.  C.  J. 


GEORGE  THE  FOURTh's  BOOTS. 

In  most  of  the  illustrated  political  pamphlets 
published  about  the  time  of  the  Queen's  trial, 
the  king's  boots  are  prominent.  He  not  only 
wears  them,  but  they  appear  separately.  In  Hone's 
Slap  at  Slop  they  are  the  legs  of  "  a  nondescript," 
the  weights  of  a  clock,  and  a  mirror,  to  which  Sir 
Charles  Warren  having  applied  his  varnish  sees 
his  own  head  with  a  judge's  wig  on.  Mr.  Warren 
had  been  a  strong  opponent  of  the  court,  till  the 
chief  justiceship  of  Chester  became  vacant,  when 
he  made  a  speech  highly  complimentary  to  the 
Regent,  and  won  the  office.  In  the  same  pamphlet 
is  a  limping  imitation  of  Southey  called  a  vision  of 
want  of  judgment,  where,  "  in  flames  and  sulphu- 
reous darkness,"  the  Laureate  sees  some  of  his  own 
minor  poems : 
"  And  two  boots  were  there  a  burnt-offering  to  peccadillo 

But  the  owner  thereof  was  a  glorified  spirit  above : 

Where,  as  in  duty  bound,  I  had  sung  to  him, '  Twang- 
a-dillo,' 

He  that  loves  a  pretty  girl  is  a  hearty  good  fellow." 


4^6 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2>"i  S.  No  50.,  Dbc.  13.  '56. 


The  boots  are  not  in  themselves  remarkable, 
being  such  as  the  Horse  Guards  now  wear.  Is  a 
story  connected  with  them  ? 

Many  pamphlets  of  that  time  are  extinct  : 
others  are  deservedly  scarce.  I  read  lately, 
though  I  have  forgotton  where,  an  article  in 
•which  the  writer  regretted  that  he  had  not  been 
able  to  see  a  copy  of  Tentamen,  An  Essay  towards 
the  History  of  Whittington,  certainly  one  very  well 
worth  preserving.  From  your  answer  to  H.  S.  K.'s 
Query  (2"'^  S.  ii.  373.),  it  is  probable  that  more 
than  one  work  bore  the  title  of  Nero  Vindicated. 
The  lines  are  a  clumsy  paraphrase  on  two  cited 
by  Boxhorn-Zuerius,  without  the  author's  name, 
in  his  notes  to  Suetonius,  Lugd.  Bat.,  1672,  p.  596. 
as  having  been  applied  to  Tiberius  : 

"  Fastidit  vinum  quia  jam  sitit  iste  cruorem 
Tain  bibit  hunc  avide,  quatn  bibit  ante  merutn." 

Those  allusions  which  are  best  understood  by 
contemporaries  are  often  the  most  obscure  to 
posterity.  Few  make  notes  of  what  everybody  is 
supposed  to  know.  Nobody  repeats  last  year's 
imprinted  jokes,  avowing  them  to  be  of  that  age. 
They  drop  out  of  conversation  and  into  oblivion. 
How  many  characters  in  Churchill's  satires  are 
now  unknown !  There  is  Whiffle  in  the  fourth 
book  of  The  Ghost,  one  of  the  most  perfect  of 
satirical  portraits.  I  cannot  ascertain  who  sat  for 
it,  and  Mr.  Tooke's  edition,  as  usual,  where  any 
but  the  commonest  information  is  wanted,  has  no 
note.  H.  B.  C. 

U.  U.  Club. 


Minav  nhutvici. 

NorderCs  "  Sinfull  Mans  Solace."  —  There  is  an 
old  book,  written  by  John  Norden  and  printed  in 
black  letter  by  Richard  Jones  in  1585,  entitled 
A  Sinfull  Man's  Solace.  I  have  a  copy  which 
wants  the  title  page  and  the  first  four  leaves. 
Will  any  one  be  so  good  as  to  give  me  a  general 
account  of  the  book,  and  tell  me  where  I  am  likely 
to  find  a  perfect  copy  of  it  ?  Is  it  of  any  theolo- 
gical or  literary  value  ?  Has  it  eVer  been  re- 
printed ?  *  Hbney  Kensington. 

What  was  the  Temperature  of  the  Weather  at 
the  Birth  of  our  Saviour  ? — Was  it  similar  to  that 
of  a  cold  Christmas  night  in  England  ?  I  fancy 
not ;  although  I  believe,  that,  at  some  seasons  of 
the  year,  the  nights  in  the  Holy  Land  are  exceed- 
ingly cold.  The  Gospels  tell  us  of  the  coldness  of 
the   night  preceding  the   Crucifixion  ;    but   they 

[*  John  Norden  is  better  known  by  his  topographical 
Surveys :  all  his  devotional  works  are  rare ;  and  we  can- 
not discover  a  copy  of  A  Sinfull  Man's  Solace  in  any 
public  library.  Two  of  his  works  were  bought  by  the  late 
Mr.  Pickering  at  the  sale  of  the  Rev.  H.  F.  Ly  te's  library 
in  1849 ;  viz.  A  Pensive  Man's  Practise,  1623,  and  A  Poore 
Man's  Best,  1631.— Ed.] 


say  nothing  as  to  the  temperature  of  the  weather 
at  the  birth  of  our  Saviour.  Artists  and  writers 
(but  especially  the  latter)  seem  to  prefer  now-a- 
days  to  represent  the  night  of  the  Nativity  as  in 
all  respects  similar  to  an  English  winter's  night. 
Is  this  correct  ?  Cuthbert  Bbde,  B.A. 

IVanslator  of  Terence's  "  Andrian."  —  There 
was  a  translation  cf  the  Andrian  of  Terence  (Latin 
and  English),  printed  at  Sherborne,  about  the 
year  1772.     Who  was  the  translator  ?    R.  Inglis. 

Compulsory  Attendance  at  a  Parish  Chui'ch.  — 
In  a  treatise  on  Sir  Matthew  Hale's  History  of  the 
Pleas  of  the  Crown,  by  Professor  Amos,  the  fol- 
lowing passage  occurs  under  the  section  of  "  Re- 
pealed Felonies,"  p.  235. :  — 

"  In  the  year  1817,  at  the  Spring  Assizes  for  Bedford, 
Sir  Montagu  Burgoyne  was  prosecuted  for  having  been 
absent  from  his  parish  church  for  several  months :'  the 
action  was  defeated  by  proof  of  the  defendant  having  been 
indisposed.  In  the  Report  of  Prison  Inspectors  to  the 
House  of  Lords  in  1841,  it  appeared  that  in  1839  ten 
persons  were  in  prison  for  recusancy  in  not  attending 
their  parish  churches.  A  mother  was  prosecuted  by  her 
own  son." 

Perhaps  some  of  your  readers  may  be  able  to 
furnish  particulars  of  Sir  Montagu  Burgoyne's 
prosecution,  or  of  some  of  the  ten  persons  referred 
to  in  the  Report  of  the  Inspectors  of  Prisons, 

W.  H.  Wills. 

Bristol. 

William  Andrew  Price,  Esq.,  Governor  of  Sural 
in  1774.  —  Will  you  or  either  of  your  readers  be 
so  kind  as  to  give  any  particulars  as  to  William 
Andrew  Price,  or  where  any  information  can  be 
obtained  respecting  him  or  his  place  of  birth  or 
family,  as  some  poor  persons  are  searching  out  for 
such  ?  and  whether  he  was  related  to  Andrew 
Price,  Esq.,  who  died  at  Shad  Thames  in  1748  ? 

^  Glwysig. 

Corkscrews  and  Bottlescrews.  — When  were 
corkscrews  first  invented  ?  and  when  first  so 
called  ?  At  the  beginning  of  the  last  century 
they  were  generally  called  hottlescrues.  The  last 
poem  in  Nicholas  Amhurst's  Poems  on  Several 
Occasions  is  one  called  "  The  Bottle  Scrue.  A 
Tale."     And  the  writer,  after  lamenting  that 

"  Still  unsung  in  pompous  strains, 
Oh !  shame !  the  Bottle  Scrue  remains," 

proceeds  to  give  the  legendary  origin  of  the  inven- 
tion, Bacchus  is  described  in  the  jDoem ;  and 
among  other  things  it  is  said  of  him,  — 

"  This  hand  a  corh-scrue  did  contain. 
And  that  a  bottle  of  champaigne." 

Yet  bottle  scrue  would  seem  to  be  the  then  name 
of  this  useful  instrument.  S.  N.  M. 

Family  of  Jennens  or  Jennings,  Co.  Wai-wick  and 
Berks.  —  Any  information  touching  the  pedigree 


2"'i  S.  No  50  ,  Dec.  13.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


467 


of  Richard  Jennens  of  Long  Wittenham,  High 
Sheriff  of  Berks  in  1678,  will  be  very  acceptable 
to  tlie  undersigned. 

To  the  marriage  settlement  (dated  Sept.  27, 
1653)  of  Catherine  Jennens  and  Thos.  Herbert  of 
Stretton,  Agnes  Jennings  of  Stretton,  widow,  and 
Thos.  Jennings  her  son,  James  Jennens  of  Long 
Wittenham,  Richaj'd  Jennens  his  son,  and  Cathe- 
rine Jennens  his  daughter  were  parties. 

And  a  deed  of  1638  recites  that  certain  property 
at  Stretton  on  Dunsmore  had  been  recently  pur- 
chased of  Edmund  Jennings. 

In  the  Visitation  of  Warwickshix'e  of  1619  is  a 
short  pedigree  of 

William  Jenina,  Lancasters  Herald,  8  Hen.  VIII.= 


John  Jenens  of  Spesley,  co.  Warwick=Daughter  of  Markham  of 
I     Astwood. 


Fulke  Jenens.  Geoffrey  Jenens=Margery,  daughter  of  Poultey. 

^ I 

I  'r  '    \  I 

Oliver.  Willm.  Edw.  JohnJenins, 

aetat  24, 1 6 19. 

Qyery,  Did  the  Jennings  of  Stretton  spring 
from  this  fiimily  ?  and  what  relations  were  they, 
if  any,  to  Humphrey  Jennens,  ancestor  of  Lord 
Howe  ?  ~  Mkmor. 

"  A  View  of  the  Jeivish  Religion."  —  In  the 
Publick  Intelligencer,  Jan.  28.  to  Feb.  4,  1655-6, 
in  a  note,  is  this  advertisement  of  a  book  : 

"  A  View  of  the  Je>wsh  Religion,  containing  the 
manner  of  Life,  Rites,  Ceremonies,  and  Customes  of  tiie 
Jewisli  Nation  throughout  the  World  at  this  present 
time ;  together  with  their  Articles  of  Faith  as  now  re- 
ceived; faithfully  collected  by  A.  B.  Sold  by  E.  Brew- 
ster and  J.  Miller  at  the  Crane  and  at  the  Star  in 
Paul's  Churchyard." 

Can  any  of  your  readers  refer  me  to  tlie  library 
where  I  can  have  the  inspection  of  the  above 
work  ?  It  was  published  close  upon  the  moment 
when  the  return  of  tlie  Jews  to  this  country  was 
accomplished.  Y.  S. 

Thomas  Barker,  an  Early  English  Printer.  — 
A  pamphlet  is  preserved  in  a  volume  in  the  library 
of  the  British  Museum,  13  M.  M.  g.,  1716:  en- 
titled : 

"  Copie  va  Sekere  antwoorde  aende  Staten  op  tVer- 
soeck  van  nieerder  Secours  ghegeuen  tot  Groenwits  de 
vyftlen,  Februarij  m.d.lxxxvuj.  Ghedrucht  tot  London, 
by  Thomas  Barcker,  1588.    4to."     (^Dutch.) 

But  at  the  end,  "  God  save  the  Queen."  l^o 
Thomas  Barker  occurs,  as  an  English  printer,  in 
Herbert's  edition  of  Ames's  Typographical  Anti- 
quities. Can  any  of  your  readers  supply  informa- 
tion regarding  this  tract  ?  H.  E. 

Bell  Founders  in  1722.  —  Was  there  any  cele- 
brated bell-founder  living  in  1722,  whose  initials 
were  A.  R.  The  bells  of  this  church  have  this 
date  and  initials  on  the  rim.  Alfred  T.  Lee. 

Tetbury,  Gloucestershire. 


Thanks  after  Reading  the  Gospel.  —  Being  at 
Fairfield  Church,  near  Buxton,  this  summer,  I  was 
agreeably  surprised,  after  the  officiating  minister 
had  finished  reading  the  Gospel  for  the  day,  by 
the  clerk's  responding,  "  Thanks  be  to  God  for 
his  holy  Gospel,"  or  words  to  that  effect.  Wheatly 
says,  "  This  custom  is  as  old  as  St.  Chrysostom, 
but  we  have  no  authority  for  it  in  our  present 
Liturgy."  Are  there  any  other  places  where  it  is 
still  observed  ? 

Whilst  on  this  subject,  I  may  mention,  that  at 
Corbridge,  in  Northumberland,  I  observed  that 
many  of  the  older  portion  of  the  congregation  did 
reverence  when  the  minister  came  to  those  words 
in  the  Venite,  "  O  come  let  us  worship  and  fall 
down,"  &c.     Does  that  custom  obtain  elsewhere  ? 

J.  Eastwood. 
Eckington. 

"  Adventures  of  a  Black  Coat,"  Sfc.  — 

1.  Who  was  the  author  of  a  thin  little  book,  in 
12mo.,  entitled  Adventures  of  a  Black  Coat  ?  It 
was  printed  at  Edinburgh,  without  date,  some- 
where between  1770  and  1780.  The  scene  lies  in 
London  ;  it  is  far  from  destitute  of  humour. 

2.  The  History  of  a  French  Louse,  in  which  the 
Chevalier  Deon,  Beaiimarchais,  Duke  of  Richmond, 
Franklin,  and  other  celebrated  personages  figure. 
A  note  in  my  copy  ascribes  it  to  Mr.  Richard 
Tickell,  author  of  Anticipation ;  but  this  seems 
questionable. 

3.  Who  was  "William  Freke,.  Esq.  ?"  author 
of— 

"  Select  Essays  tending  to  the  Universal  Reformation 
of  Learning:  concluded  with  the  Art  of  War,  or  a  Sum- 
mary of  the  Martial  Precepts  necessary  for  an  OflBcer." 
London,  1693,  small  8vo. 

Was  he  a  predecessor  of  the  Lords  Carbery  ? 

J.  Mt. 

Bell  Gable  for  Three  Bells.  —  On  the  chuixjh  at 
Ford,  in  Northumberland,  there  is  an  Early  En- 
glish bell  gable,  pierced  for  three  bells,  one  being 
above  the  other  two.  Can  any  of  your  readers 
inform  me  of  any  similar  instance,  as  none  has 
come  under  my  own  notice.  J.  R.  K. 

Oxford. 

Cold  Tea.  —  In  the  Spectator,  Tatler,  or  Guar- 
dian, we  find  mention  made  of  a  "  keg  of  cold 
tea,"  as  an  appropriate  present  to  a  lady.  When 
did  this  fashion  of  drinking  cold  tea  go  out?  and 
what  was  the  method  of  preparing  it  ?  Did  it  at 
all  resemble  the  liqueur  of  the  present  day,  known 
(I  think)  as  creme  de  the?  Henky  T.  Riley. 

Fransham  of  Norwich. — Whence  can  I  obtain 
any  information  respecting  Isaac  Fransham,  of 
Norwich,  who  died  May  7,  1743?  His  epitaph 
runs  thus : 

"  Spe  beatoe  Resurrection  is,  in  tumulo  non  procul  ab 
hoc  Marmoi'is  Monumento  jacent  Cineres  Isaac!  Fransham, 


468 


NOTESJ  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°d  S.  No  50.,  Dec.  13.  '56. 


Gen'  olim  un'  Attorn'  Cur'  Dni'  Regis  de  Banco,  nati  in 
Parochia  Sci'  Petri  de  Mancroft  in  Civitate  Norvici  anno 
Salutis  1660,  qui  obijt  Maij  7"  1743,  anno  aetatis  sua  82; 
unJi  cum  corpore  Rob.  Fransham  Patris  ejus." 

I  especially  desire  to  know  when  his  wife  died  ? 
Was  John  Fransham,  the  Norwich  polytheist  (who 
died  Feb.  1,  1810),  descended  from  him? 

J.  Gtprian  Rust. 

Norwich. 

Portraits  of  Lawyers.  —  Can  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents inform  me,  whether  a  second  part  ap- 
peared of — 

"  Portraits  of  the  Worthies  of  Westminster  Hall,  with 
their  Autographs,  from  Fac-similes  of  Original  Sketches 
found  in  the  Note- book  of  a  Briefless  Barrister."  (Pub- 
lished by  Thomas  &  William  Boone:  London,  1823, 
Parti.)? 

The  sketches  are  exceedingly  clever,  and  very 
like ;  but  I  never  saw  a  second  part :  as  the  first 
part  was  priced  at  20s.,  this  would  necessarily 
limit  the  circulation.  J.  Mt. 

The  Czar.  —  It  has  been  stated  by  some  that 
the  Russian  dynasty  is  of  Assyrian  origin.  On 
what  gi-ounds  ?  Abhba. 

Prideaux  Family.  —  In  Gorham's  History  of 
St.  Neat's,  he  states,  p.  clxiii.,  in  the  list  of  vicars 
of  St.  Neot's,  Robert  de  Preaux  alias  Prideaux, 
presented  by  the  prior  and  convent,  1270.  In 
Dr.  Oliver's  Historic  Collections  of  Devon,  p.  123., 
he  gives  Adam  Prianho  or  De  Pratellis,  als  Pry- 
deaux,  appointed  Prior  at  Modbury,  1423.  Again, 
in  a  topographical  work  on  England,  published,  I 
believe,  in  1828  or  1830,  vol.  i.,  mention  is  made 
of  a  Peter  de  Pratellis,  or  Preaux,  of  Normandy. 
I  wish  to  ascertain  on  what  ground  De  Pratellis, 
or  Preus,  or  Preaux,  are  supposed  to  have  been 
the  same  family  name  as  Prideaux  of  modern 
times ;  and  any  information  as  to  the  origin  of  the 
name,  the  various  ways  of  spelling  the  same,  to- 
gether with  the  time  when,  and  for  what  reason, 
they  had  a  Saracen's  head  granted  them  for  a 
crest.  An  Old  Subscriber. 

Le  Celehre  Barrios.  —  In  a  rather  curious 
little  book  entitled  Ze  Gout,  Paris,  1747,  among 
examples  of  false  metaphor  "  L'eau  pour  secher 
les  plaies,"  and  "  L'epee  de  sa  fuite  decoupe  le  fil 
de  ma  vengeance,"  are  ascribed  to  "le  celebre  Bar- 
rios."   Who  was  he  ?  F. 

Papers  of  Arabella  Stuart.  ■ — D'Israell  says  : 
"  It  is  on  record  that  at  Longleat,  the  seat  of  the 
Marquis  of  Bath,  certain  papers  of  Arabella  are 
preserved."     Is  this  the  fact  r 

Edward  F.  Rimbault. 

Conway  Papers.  —  Where  are  these  papers  de- 
posited, and  oyey  what  period  do  they  extend  ? 

Edward  F.  Rimbault. 


Davies  of  the  Marsh,  Co.  Salop.  —  What  is  the 
tradition  connected  with  the  very  peculiar  arms 
borne  by  Davies  of  the  Marsh,  co.  Salop,  viz.  Sa. 
on  a  mount,  vert,  a  goat,  argent,  guttee  de  larmes, 
attired,  or,  standing  on  a  child,  pp'.  swaddled,  gu. 
and  feeding  on  a  tree.  Dallaway  says  the  goat  is 
guarding  the  child,  and  the  motto  of  Davies  of 
Elmly  Park  (who  bear  the  same  arms),  "Deus 
tuetur,"  seems  to  countenance  his  version. 

Francis  Robert  Davies. 
Moyglas  Mawr. 

Sir  Robert  and  Sir  Philip  Stapylton.  —  On  the 
16th  of  May,  1617,  Robert  and  Philip  Stapleton, 
of  Yorkshire,  were  admitted  Fellow-Commoners 
of  Queen's  College,  Cambridge.  We  assume  from 
their  being  entered  on  the  same  day  that  they 
were  brothers,  or  at  least  kinsmen,  and  that  the 
former  was  Sir  Robert  Stapylton,  the  translator 
of  Juvenal,  Muscbus,  and  Strada,  and  author  of 
several  dramatic  pieces,  who  died  July  11,  1669; 
and  the  latter  Sir  Philip  Stapylton,  a  leading 
member  of  the  Long  Parliament,  who  died  at 
Calais  in  1647.  The  surname  of  Sir  Robert  is 
occasionally  given  as  Stapleton,  and  that  of  Sir 
Philip  almost  invariably  as  Stapylton.  Sir  Robert 
is  stated  by  Wood  to  have  been  the  uncle  of  Sir 
Miles  Stapylton,  and  the  third  son  of  Richard 
Stapylton  of  Carleton,  in  Moreland,  Yorkshire. 
We  are  unable  to  find  any  notice  of  the  parentage 
of  Sir  Philip.  Perhaps  some  of  your  correspond- 
ents can  throw  light  on  the  matter. 

C.  H.  &  Thompson  Coopeb. 

Cambridge. 

Cromwell  Portraits.  —  1.  Is  a  full-length  por- 
trait of  the  Protector  Oliver  Cromwell,  sitting  in 
a  country  ale-house,  engaged  in  smoking,  the 
night  before  the  great  battle  of  Naseby  was 
fought,  said  to  have  been  taken  by  General  Lam- 
bert, extant? 

2.  Does  any  engraving  of  His  Highness's  ef^gj, 
which  is  stated  to  have  been  exhibited  in  a  win- 
dow at  Whitehall  after  the  restoration  of  King 
Charles  II,,  near  the  spot  where  King  Charles  I. 
was  beheaded,  exist? 

3.  Where  is  the  best  executed  bust  of  the  Pro- 
tector now  to  be  met  with  ?  T.  P.  L. 

Manchester. 


Richard  Cumberland.  —  Can  any  correspondent 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  kindly  inform  me  what  are  the  dates 
of  the  birth  and  death  of  Richard  Cumberland, 
"the  Terence  of  England."  At  his  funeral  in 
Westminster  Abbey,  the  then  dean  (Dr.  Vincent, 
I  think)  pronounced  a  short  oration  over  the 
grave.  It  has  been  printed,  but  I  cannot  at  this 
moment  recollect  where.    Perhaps  some  one  could 


2nd  s.  No  50.,  Dkc.  13.  '66.3 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


469 


answer  these  queries  :  by  so  doing  he  would  confer 
a  favour  on  Oxoniensis. 

[Richard  Cumberland,  the  dramatist,  was  born  at  the 
Master's  Lodge  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  Feb.  19, 
1732,  and  died  in  London,  while  on  a  visit  to  his  friend 
Mr.  Henry  Fry,  of  Bedford  Place,  Russell  Square,  May  7, 
1811,  aged  eighty  years.  He  was  honourably  interred  on 
May  14th,  at  the  foot  of  Addison's  monument,  and  oppo- 
site' to  Handel's,  in  the  Poets'  Corner  of  Westminster 
Abbey.  Dr.  Vincent,  the  Dean  of  Westminster,  and  the 
early  friend  of  his  youth,  read  the  funeral  service,  and  at 
the  close  delivered  the  following  oration :  —  "  Good  peo- 
ple, the  person  you  see  now  deposited  is  Richard  Cumber- 
land, an  author  of  no  small  merit.  His  writings  were 
chiefly  for  the  stage,  but  of  strict  moral  tendency :  they 
were  not  without  faults,  but  they_were  not  gross,  abound- 
ing with  oaths  and  libidinous  expressions,  as  I  am  shocked 
to  observe  is  the  case  of  many  at  the  present  day.  He 
wrote  as  much  as  any ;  few  wrote  better ;  and  his  works 
will  be  held  in  the  "highest  estimation  as  long  as  the 
English  language  will  be  understood.  He  considered  the 
theatre  as  a  school  for  moral  improvement ;  and  his  re- 
mains are  truly  worth3'  of  mingling  with  the  illustrious 
dead  which  surround  us.  Read  his  prose  subjects  on 
divinity !  there  you  will  find  the  true  Christian  spirit  of 
the  man  who  trusted  in  our  Lord  and  Saviour  Jesus 
Christ.  May  God  forgive  him  his  sins,  and  at  the  resur- 
rection of  the  just  receive  him  into  everlasting  glory." 
This  oration  seems  to  have  been  unknown  to  all  Cumber- 
land's biographers;  but  has  been  fortunately  preserved 
in  the  European  Mag.,  lix.  397.  Query,  was  this  the  last 
occasion  in  which  a  funeral  oration  was  delivered  at  the 
grave  as  a  supplement  to  the  Burial  Service  of  the 
Church?] 

The  People  of  Carleton  Curlieu.  —  In  Leland's 
Itineranj,  vol.  ii.,  1744,  there  is  appended  "  An 
Account  of  his  intended  journey  through  England 
and  Wales"  by  Dr.  Plot.  This  Dr.  Plot  is,  I  sup- 
pose, Robert  Plot,  a  naturalist  of  some  distinction, 
who  died  (aged  fifty-five)  April  30,  1696,  and  of 
whom  there  is  a  notice  in  AVood's  Athence.  In  this 
"  Intended  Journey,"  he  says : 

"  Next  I  shall  inquire  of  animals,  and  first  of  strange 
people,  such  as  the  Gubbings  in  Devonshire,  the  people  of 
Charleton-  Curley  in  Leycestershire." 

Fuller,  in  his  Worthies,  art.  "  Devonshire," 
gives  us  a  very  curious  account  of  the  (j-ubbings, 
which  has  been  skilfully  adapted  by  iMr,  Kingsley 
in  his  Westward  Ho !  But  I  have  not  been 
able  to  obtain  any  information  relative  to  the 
other  "strange  people"  alluded  to  by  Dr.  Plot  — 
"  the  people  of  Charleton-Curley  in  Leycester- 
shire." 

Perhaps  some  of  your  readers  may  be  able  to 
refer  me  to  some  work  containing  the  informa- 
tion I  wish.  I  have  glanced  cursorily  through 
the  County'History  of  Leicester,  but  have  found  no 
reference  to  the  subject.  J.  O.  N. 

Edinburgh. 

[There  is  a  tradition,  which  seems  to  have  been  credited 
by  Camden,  Burton,  Fuller,  and  others,  that  the  natives 
of  Carleton  Curlieu  have  a  harsh  and  rattling  kind  of 
speech,  uttering  their  words  with  much  difiiculty,  and 


wharling  in  their  throat,  and  cannot  well  pronounce  the 
letter  R.  Dr.  Fuller  seems  so  certain  of  the  fact,  that  he 
places  it  among  "  the  wonders  of  the  county  ! "  Both 
Camden  and  Burton  hesitate  as  to  the  cause,  whether  it 
proceeds  from  the  nature  of  the  soil  or  the  water ;  but 
Fuller  resolves,  "that  it  proceeds  not  in  any  natural  im- 
perfection in  the  parents,  because  the  children  born  in 
other  places  are  not  troubled  with  that  infirmity,  but 
from  some  occult  quality  in  the  elements  of  the  place;  or, 
as  Mr.  Camden  speaks,  some  unknown  cause  or  nature,  as 
lisping  was  to  the  tribe  of  Ephraim,  Judges  xii.  6,  and 
stammering  to  some  families  in  France."  Bishop  Gibson, 
however,  assures  us  in  his  addition  to  Camden,  "  that  as 
the  inhabitants  of  his  time  retained  no  remains  of  such  a 
guttural  and  wharling  pronunciation,  so  the  most  ancient 
men  among  them  declared  that  they  never  knew  any 
thing  of  it  in  their  memory."  •  Cf.  Camden's  Britannia; 
Fuller's  Worthies,  and  Nichols's  Leicestershire,  ii.  544.] 

Seidell  s  Birth-place.  —  In  the  Appendix  to  The 
Table  Talk  of  John  Selden,  ivith  Notes  by  David 
Irving,  LL.D.y  1856,  is  a  letter  signed  Wm. 
Hamper,  bearing  date  December  17,  1818,  in 
which  it  is  stated  that  Salvington  was  Selden's 
birth-place  ;  and  that  there 

"  the  humble  cottage  of  his  father  still  remains  unaltered. 
The  date  of  1601  is  upon  it ;  and  on  the  lintel  of  the  door, 
withinside,  is  this  inscription,  rudely  cut  in  capitals  in- 
termixed with  small  letters : 
"  '  Gratus,  honeste,  mihi,  non  claudar,  inito,  sedeque, 
Fur,  abeas :  non  sum  facta  soluta  tibi.'  " 

Does  this  house  remain  still  unaltered  ?  How 
is  it  known  to  have  been  the  house  of  Selden's 
father  ?  Has  it  been  engraved,  drawn,  or  photo- 
graphed ?  K.  P,  D.  E. 

[In  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  Sept.  1834,  is  an  en- 
graving of  Selden's  house  at  Salvington,  accompanied 
with  an  interesting  account  of  it,  and  a  fac-simile  of  the 
verses.  The  writer  says,  "  The  house  has  the  reputation 
of  having  been  that  in  which  Selden  was  born :  it  must 
be  remarked,  however,  that  the  date,  1601,  is  carved  on  a 
stone  over  the  door ;  and  it  may,  therefore,  have  been  re- 
built at  that  time."  Then  follows  a  translation  of  this 
smart  epigram  with  the  well-known  initials  J.  G.  N. :  — 

"  Welcome,  if  honest  !    Glad  such  men  to  greet, 
I  will  not  close ;  walk  in,  and  take  thy  seat. 
Tiftef,  get  thee  gone  !  'gainst  thee  a  stout  defence, 
I  open  not,  but  boldly  bid  thee  hence  !  "] 

Ecclesiastical  Benefices  in  Ireland.  —  Where 
may  trustworthy  information  be  found  respecting 
the  value  of  ecclesiastical  benefices  in  Ireland  ? 
Mr.  (now  Bp.)  Knox  has  given  much  information 
in  his  Ecclesiastical  Index ;  but  in  many  cases,  as 
I  know,  the  particulars  are  wide  of  the  mark, 
even  with  the  deduction  he  directs  the  reader  to 
make.  *      Abhba. 

[Our  correspondent  will  find  the  most  perfect  summary 
of  Irish  ecclesiastical  property  given  in  the  First  (1833), 
Second  (1834),  Third  (1836),  and  Fourth  (1837),  "Re- 
ports of  His  Majesty's  Commissioners  on  Ecclesiastical 
Revenue  and  Patronage  in  Ireland."] 


470 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2n'i  S.  No  50.,  Dec.  13.  '56. 


THE    ORDER    OP   ST.  MICHAEL. 

(2"''  S.  ii.  420.) 
I  am  obliged  to  J.  C.  H.  for  the  references  he 
gives  :  but  what  I  require  is  not  brief  notices,  but 
a  full  history  of  this  order,  once  pre-eminent  in 
France,  though  subsequently  eclipsed  by  other 
institutions.  More  particularly  I  wish  to  find  a 
list  of  the  knights,  or  at  least  of  those  of  its  early 
days.  Before  King  Edward  VI.,  his  father  had 
been  placed  upon  its  roll.  Upon  the  conclusion 
of  peace  with  France  in  1528,  the  ambassadors 
that  came  thence  — 

"  had  commission  to  establish  the  King  in  the  order  of 
France,  for  whom  they  brought  for  that  intent  a  collar  of 
fine  gold  with  the  Michaell  hanging  thereat,  and  robes  to 
the  same  order  appertinent,  the  wliich  was  of  blew  velvet 
richly  embrodered.  And  tlie  King,  to  gratifie  the  French 
king  with  the  semblable,  sent  a  noble  man  of  the  order 
here  in  England,  with  Garter  the  herault,  into  France  to 
establish  the  French  King  in  the  order  of  the  Gartar,  with 
a  semblable  collar,  with  a  gartar  and  robes  according  to 
the  same."  —  Stowe's  Chronicle. 

A  book  of  the  laws  of  the  Order  of  Saint  Mi- 
chael, having  a  very  fine  illumination  prefixed, 
which  represents  the  sovereign  and  knights  in 
chapter,  was  sent  to  Henry  VIII.  on  this  occasion, 
and  is  still  preserved  in  the  Chapter-House  at 
Westminster.  Again,  in  1566,  when  Charles  IX. 
was  elected  of  the  Garter,  he  returned  the  com- 
pliment, as  the  English  sovereign  was  a  female,  by 
bestowing  his  order  upon  two  of  her  subjects, 
nominated  by  herself.  Stowe  thus  records  this 
occurrence : 

"  In  January  monsieur  Rambuley,  a  knight,  of  the 
order  in  France,  was  sent  over  into  England  by  the 
French  king  Charles  the  ninth  of  that  name,  who  at 
Windsore  was  stalled  in  the  behalfe  of  the  said  French 
king,  with  the  Knighthood  of  the  most  honourable  order 
of  the  Garter ;  and  the  24.  of  January,  in  the  chappell  of 
her  Majesties  pallace  of  Whitehall,  the  said  monsieur 
Kambuiey  invested  Thomas  (Howard)  Duke  of  Norfolk, 
and  Robert  (Dudley)  Earl  of  Leicester,  with  th%  said 
order  of  Saint  Michaell." 

The  great  seal  of  the  Earl  of  Leicester,  which  is 
engraved  in  Nichols's  History  of  Leicestershire, 
(vol.  i.  pi.  xxxiii.)  displays  on  the  one  side  his 
equestrian  figure,  surrounded  by  the  collar  of  St. 
Michael,  and  on  the  other  his  shield  of  arms  sur- 
rounded by  the  Garter  (not  the  collar  of  the 
Garter).  These  four,  King  Henry  VIII.,  King 
Edward  V4,  the  Duke  of  Norfolk,  and  the  Earl 
of  Leicester,  are  all  the  Englishmen  that  I  am  at 
present  aware  of  having  been  companions  of  the 
Order  of  St.  Michael.  From  the  more  intimate 
connection  which  prevailed  between  France  and 
Scotland,  it  is  not  improbable  that  this  order  was 
conferred  upon  a  larger  number  of  the  natives  of 
that  country.  The  Regent  Arran  was  already  a 
knight  of  St.  Michael  before  he  was  created  Duke 


of  Chatelherault  in  1548.  (Douglas's  Peerage  of 
Scotland,  by  Wood,  i.  700.)  Subsequently,  when 
Queen  Mary  was  married  into  France,  it  would 
probably  be  bestowed  on  several  of  her  country- 
men. A  calendar  of  the  knights  would  show  how 
far  this  was  the  fact.  I  find  in  April,  1556,  the 
Cardinal  of  Lorraine  desiring  his  sister,  the  Queen 
Dowager  of  Scotland,  to  return  to  France  the 
collar  of  St.  Michael  that  had  belonged  to  the 
Earl  of  Angus.  (Lettres  de  Marie  Stuart,  par 
Labanoff,  1844,  i.  36.)  J.  G.  N. 


JANE   LEAD    AND    SWEDENBORG. 
(2°1  S.  i.  93.) 

We  are  occasionally  met  with  the  curious  idea 
that  persons  of  eminence  steal  from  others  of 
lesser  mark ;  and  Mr.  Clifton  Barry  has  furnished 
an  additional  instance  in  his  article  respecting 
Mrs.  Jane  Lead,  of  whom  he  observes,  that 

"  Nearly  half  a  century  after  her  death  we  find  Trapp 
accusing  William  Law  of  stealing  his  mysticism  from  her; 
and  I  fear  the  '  unspirilualized '  critic  would  hardly  absolve 
Swedenborg from  a  similar  charge" 

Swedenborg,  who  was  a  most  honourable  man, 
believed,  and  constantly  asserted,  that  he  wrote  his 
theological  works  from  a  spiritual  illumination. 
See  this  stated,  in  the  strongest  form,  in  his  in- 
troduction to  his  great  work,  entitled  Arcana  Cce- 
lestia.  As  to  the  idea  of  his  having  been  indebted 
to  the  Mystics,  it  is  fully  met  in  a  passage  of  a 
letter  from  him  to  his  friend  Dr.  Beyer,  dated 
Stockholm,  Feb.  1767.  (It  is  to  be  found  in  the 
Biographies  of  Swedenborg.) 

"By  your  friend,  Sir,  I  have  been  asked  several 
questions,  to  which  be  pleased  to  receive  the  following  as 
an  answer : 

"I.  Mt/ opinion  concerning  the  turitings  of  Behmen  and 

L ? — 1  have  never  read  them,  as  I  was  prohibited 

reading  dogmatic  and  systematic  Theology,  before  Heaven 
was  opened  to  me,  by  reason,  that  unfounded  opinions 
and  inventions  might  thereby  easily  have  insinuated 
themselves,  which  with  difhculty  could  afterwards  have 
been  extirpated ;  wherefore,  when  Heaven  was  opened  to 
me,  it  was  necessarj'  first  to  learn  the  Hebrew  Language, 
as  well  as  the  Correspondencies  of  which  the  Bible  is  com- 
posed, which  led  me  to  read  the  Word  of  God  over  many 
times ;  and  inasmuch  as  the  Word  of  God  is  the  source 
whence  all  Theology  must  be  derived,  I  was  thereby 
enabled  to  receive  instructions  from  the  Lord,  who  is  the 
Word." 

It  is  not  known  who  is  designated  by  the  L , 

Mr.  Barry  intimates  that  his  knowledge  of  Jane 
Lead's  works  is  confined  to  the  books  entitled 
Laws  of  Paradise  and  Wonders  of  God's  Creation, 
&c.     Both  of  these  are  in  the  British  Museum*, 


*  They  are,  indeed,  I  believe,  the  only  works  of  Mrs. 
Lead's  in  the  Museum  Library,  which  is  much  to  be  re- 
gretted, as,  besides  being  extremely  rare,  they  are  very 
interesting  in  their  kind.    I  would  mention  her  narrative 


2»*  S.  N»  50.,  Dec.  13.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


471 


and  thus  the  student  of  Swedenborg  may  have  an 
opportunity  of  judging  for  himself,  from  internal 
evidence,  respecting  Mr.  Barry's  idea. 

I  may  state,  that  in  the  Life  of  the  excellent 
Mr.  Clowes,  the  Rector  of  St.  J6hn's,  Manchester, 
and  the  chief  translator  of  Swedenborg's  theolo- 
gical works,  we  are  told,  that  before  meeting  with 
those  works  he  had  read  various  mystic  authors, 
and  among  them  Mrs.  Lead  is  particularised. 
Mr.  Clowes,  nevertheless,  fully  received  Sweden- 
borg's own  account  of  his  writings.  (See  pre- 
face to  the  translation  of  the  Arcaiia  Ccelestia.) 

A.  RorrE. 


SONGS  ON  TOBACCO. 

(2"'J  S.  i. passim;  ii.  95.  332.) 

The  hymns  in  praise  of  "  the  weed  "  having 
pleasantly  occupied  so  many  of  your  columns, 
perhaps  the  following  from  Helps's  Spanish  Con- 
quest in  America  (vol.  iv.  p.  119.)  may  not  be  un- 
worthy of  a  niche  there  :  — 

"  It  is  interesting  to  observe  the  way  in  which,  at  this 
point  of  the  narrative,  a  new  product  is  introduced  to  the 
notice  of  the  Old  World  —  a  product  that  was  hereafter  to 
become,  not  only  an  unfailing  source  of  pleasure  to  a  large 
section  of  the  male  part  of  mankind,  from  the  highest  to  the 
lowest,  but  was  also  to  distinguish  itself  as  one  of  those 
con\mo<lities  for  revenue,  which  are  the  delight  of  states- 
men, the  great  financial  resource  of  modern  nations,  and 
Avliich  afford  a  means  of  indirect  taxation  that  has  per- 
haps nourished  many  a  war,  and  prevented  many  a  revo- 
lution. Two  discoverers  Avhom  the  admiral  had  sent  out 
from  the  Puerto  do  Mazes  .  .  .  found  that  the  men  of 
the  country  they  came  to  investigate  indulged  in  a  '  fumi- 
gation '  of  a  peculiar  kind.  The  smoke  in  question  was 
absorbed  into  the  mouth  through  a  charred  stick,  and 
was  caused  by  burning  certain  herbs  wrapped  in  a  dry 
leaf,  which  outer  covering  was  called  'tabaco.'  Las 
Casas,  who  carefully  describes  this  process  of  imbibing 
smoke,  mentions  that  the  Indians,  when  questioned  about 
it,  said  that  it  took  away  fatigue,  and  that  he  has  known 
Spaniards  in  the  island  of  Hispaniola,  who  adopted  the 
same  habit,  and  who,  being  reproved  for  it  as  a  vice,  re- 
plied that  it  was  not  in  their  power  to  leave  it  off.  '  I  do 
not  know,'  he  adds, '  what  savour  or  profit  they  found  in 
them  '  (^tabacos).  I  cannot  help  thinking  that  there  were 
several  periods  in  his  own  life  when  these  strange  fumi- 
gations would  have  afforded  him  singular  soothing  and 
comfort.  However  that  may  be,  there  can  be  no  doubt 
of  the  importance,  financially  and  commercially  speaking, 
of  this  discovery  of  tobacco,  as  a  discovery  which  in  the 
end  proved  more  productive  to  the  Spanish  Crown  than 
that  of  the  gold-mines  of  the  Indies." 

Dblta. 


The  clever  Pipe  of  Tobacco  in  imitation  of  Six 
several  Authors^ hy  Isaac  Hawkins  Browne,  Esq., 
was  first  (?)  published  in  the  form  of  an  8vo. 
pamphlet  in  1736. 


of  an  interview  with  the  spirit  of  a  deceased  female  friend, 
and  the  accompanying  reflections  (^Wonders  of  God's 
Creation),  as  really  very  beautiful. 


A  very  complete  and  copious  Nicotian  biblio- 
graphy (in  which,  however,  Browne's  brochure  is 
not  included),  extending  to  some  130  articles  in 
various  languages,  will  be  found  appended  to  a 
work  entitled  : 

"  On  the  History  and  Properties  Chemical  and  Medical 
of  Tobacco,  a  Probationary  Essay  Presented  to  the  Faculty 
of  Physicians  and  Surgeons,  Glasgow,  by  Henry  Wilson 
Cleland,  M.D,,  Lecturer  on  Medical  Jurisprudence  in  the 
Scliool  of  Medicine,  Portland  Street  (a  candidate  for  ad- 
mission into  that  body),  &c.  4to.  Glasgow.  July, 
1840,"  pp.  68. 

I  have  been  particular  in  giving  the  full  title  of 
this  work  (penes  me),  partly  on  account  of  its 
rarity  (not  having  been  printed  for  sale),  partly 
because,  among  an  extensive  collection  of  works 
on  tobacco  (which  would  enable  me  greatly  to 
extend  the  list  I  have  alluded  to)  it  is  the  most 
interesting  and  valuable  dissertation  which  I  pos- 
sess, —  or,  indeed,  have  seen.       William  Bates. 

Birmingham. 


An  ancestor  of  mine,  who  lived  in  the  seven- 
teenth century,  wrote  a  quaint  poem  on  the  use  of 
tobacco,  the  MS.  of  which  I  have,  and  also  a 
printed  copy,  bearing  this  undermentioned  title  : 

"  A  Looking-Glass  for  Smoakers,  or  the  Dangers  of  the 
needless  or  intemperate  Use  of  Tobacco;  collected  from 
the  Author's  nine  years'  experiences  and  thirty  j'ears' 
observation  after  he  came  to  Manhood.  In  which  the 
lawful  use  is  approved,  the  abuse  of  it  reproved ;  directions 
to  them  that  have  a  mind  to  leave  it,  and  cautions  to 
them  that  never  took  it.  A  Poem,  by  Lawrence  Spooner. 
London :  printed  for  A.  Baldwin,  Warwick  Lane,  1703." 

The  poem  extends  to  more  than  a  thousand 
lines,  to  which  are  appended  two  songs  on  the 
same  theme.  As  a  specimen  I  will  extract  the 
following  expostulation  to  females  : 

"  And  as  this  good  advice  I  give  to  you, 
So  I  would  have  you  to  be  cleanly  too ; 
'Twill  spoil  the  savour  of  your  pleasant  breath, 
'Twill  mar  your  beauty,  make  you  look  like  death ; 
'Twill  rot  your  ivory  teeth,  or  turn  them  brown, 
And  from  your  lovely  heads  'twill  take  the  crown." 

The  author  suffered  much  persecution  and  loss 
of  property  during  the  time  of  Charles  II.  for 
holding  conventicles  in  his  house.  He  died  and 
was  buried  at  Curborow,  near  Sheffield.         E.  B. 


In  reference  to  the  old  expression  "  Drink  To- 
bacco," as  meaning  "  Smoke  Tobacco,"  It  is  worthy 
of  remark  that  the  Germans,  at  the  present  day, 
not  only  inhale  the  smoke,  but  actually  draw  it 
into  the  stomach,  as  they  assert,  and  then  discharge 
it  through  the  mouth  and  nostrils.  I  cannot  say, 
however,  that  I  ever  met  with  any  one  who  pro- 
fessed to  be  able  to  do  this.  To  expel  the  smoke 
through  the  nostrils  merely  is  an  easy  matter 
enough.  Henry  T.  Riley. 


472 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  No  50.,  Dec.  13.  '56. 


.  TO   CRY  MAPSTICK8. 

(2'"»  S.  ii.  269.  315.) 

Mr.  E.  S.  Taylor  is  right  in  identifying  map 
and  mop.  Map  is  the  ancient  and  proper  form  ; 
mop  is  a  later  corruption.  The  origin  of  the  word 
is  the  Latin  viappa,  which  signified  a  napkin  used 
at  table ;  it  also  denoted  the  linen  cloth  with 
which  the  signal  for  the  races  in  the  circus  was 
given  (Forcellini  in  v.).  As  linen  cloth  sometimes 
performed  the  office  of  paper  among  the  Romans 
(as  in  the  case  of  the  libri  lintei  mentioned  by 
Livy),  the  word  mappa  was  employed  to  signify 
the  surveys  of  land,  or  local  maps,  of  the  agri- 
mensores.  Afterwards  it  was  extended  to  geo- 
graphical delineations  of  the  entire  known  world, 
and  hence  the  phrase  mappa  mundi.  Mappa 
was  also  used  to  express  the  linen  canopy  held 
over  the  head  of  the  priest,  during  his  sacred 
functions  :  the  attendants  who  supported  it  were 
called  mappularii.  A  flag  was  also  called  mappale 
(see  Ducange,  Gloss.  Lat,  in  mappa,  mappula, 
mappa7'ius,  ^c). 

The  word  f^dinra  was  likewise  received  in  bar- 
barous Greek  ;  Herodianus  de  Solcecismo  et  Bar- 
iarismo  explains  it  as  ^fipSixaKTpov.  The  words 
mapparius  and  nainrdpws  were  specially  used  to 
denote  the  oflficer  who  gave  the  signal  in  the 
public  horse-races,  for  the  reason  above  stated 
(Ducange,  Gloss.  Grac,  in  (idwrra  and  ixaiTirdpios.^ 

Mappa  retained  in  mediasval  Latin  its  original 
sense  of  a  napkin  or  handkerchief.  Ducange  ex- 
plains mappula  as  'Sparvula  mappa,  qua  nasum 
tergimus,  sudarium,  Gallis  moucJioir."  He  cites  a 
gloss  in  which  it  is  interpreted  to  mean  a  towel ; 
and  a  passage  of  Alcuin  :  "  Mappula,  qua  pituitam 
oculorura  detergimus."  On  the  authority  of  the 
Liber  niger  Scaccarii,  he  states  that  maparius  was 
"  officium  doraus  regiae  apud  Anglos,  cui  scilicet 
incumbebat  mappas,  canabum,  manutergia  et  si- 
milia  providere."  This  officer  was  also  styled 
naparius,  (see  Fleta,  lib.  ii.  c.  19.)  Mappa  was 
likewise  written  vapa :  and  hence  the  French 
nappe  and  naperie,  the  sources  of  our  words 
napery  and  napkin.  (Ducange,  in  napa,  naparia, 
naperii.) 

A  mop  is  explained  by  Johnson  as  "  pieces  of 
cloth,  or  locks  of  wool,  fixed  to  a  long  handle, 
with  which  maids  clean  the  floors;"  and  is  cor- 
rectly traced  by  him  to  the  Latin  mappa.  Ri- 
chardson entirely  mistakes  the  origin  of'  mop,  in 
connecting  it  with  mob.  A  mop  is  a  bundle  of 
linen  or  woollen  rags,  used  for  moistening  a  floor, 
or  for  absorbing  moisture  :  as  when  the  deck  of  a 
ship  is  mopped.  The  word  sudarium,  as  a  synonym 
for  mappa,  points  to  the  connexion  of  mop  and 
map ;  as  a  person  who  is  moist  with  heat  is  said 
to  mop  his  face  with  his  handkerchief. 

It  may  be  assumed  as  certain,  that  in  the  pas- 
sage of  Swift's  Polite  Conversation,  "  crying  map- 


sticks"  is  equivalent  to  "  ci'ying  mopsticks."  The 
meaning  of  the  phrase  is  difficult  to  guess  :  Mr. 
Taylor's  explanation  is  not  satisfactory.  Per- 
haps Neverout  intends  to  say  ;  "  I  cry  mopsticks. 
Madam ;  I  perform  a  mean  office,  I  humiliate  my- 
self;" alluding  to  the  low  trade  of  a  street  crier. 

L. 


LIEUTENANT    WILLIAM    BLIGH. 

(2°'iS.  ii.  411.) 

In  reply  to  your  correspondent  Stic,  I  have 
translated  for  "  N.  &  Q."  the  inscription  on  Ad- 
miral Bligh's  monument  in  Lambeth  churchyard  ; 
whereon  is  also  a  record  to  the  memory  of  Mrs. 
Elizabeth  Bligh,  chiefly  indicating  that  he  was 
married,  and  that  they  had  children.  To  whom 
he  was  married  I  cannot  say,  and  the  records  of 
Lambeth  Church  are  not  likely  to  give  further 
information.  In  the  east  part  of  the  ground  en- 
closing the  church,  and  abutting  upon  the  Trades- 
cant  tomb,  is  an  elegant  monument  of  Grecian 
form,  surmounted  with  a  blazing  urn.  On  the 
west  side  is  the  following  inscription  : 

"  Sacred  to  the  Memory  of  William  Bligh,  Esq.,  F.R.S., 
Vice-Admiral  of  the  Blue ;  the  celebrated  Navigator  who 
first  transplanted  the  Bread-fruit  Tree  from  Otaheite  to 
the  West  Indies;  bravely  fought  the  Battles  of  his 
Country;  and  died  beloved,  respected,  and  lamented  on 
the  7th  Day  of  December,  1817,  aged  64." 

On  the  south  side  is  the  following  inscription, 
above  which  are  the  arms  of  Bligh,  viz.  : 

"  Sacred  to  the  Memorv  of  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Bligh,  the 
Wife  of  Rear-Admiral  Bligh,  who  died  April  15th,  1812; 
in  the  60th  j'ear  of  her  age." 

On  the  east  side  : 

"  In  this  Vault  are  deposited  also,  the  Remains  of  Wil- 
liam Bligh  and  Henry  Bligh,  who  died  March  21st,  1791, 
aged  1  day,  the  Sons  of  Mrs.  Elizabeth  and  Rear-Ad- 
miral Bligh :  and  also,  Wm.  Bligh  Barker,  their  Grand- 
child, who  died  Oct.  22,  1805,  aged  3  years." 

J.  F.  G. 

P.S.  As  Lieut.  Bligh,  he  had  the  command  of 
the  "Bounty;"  and  to  have  a  grand-child  aged 
three  years  in  1805,  he  must  have  married 
some  few  years  before  he  took  command  of  the 
"  Bounty." 

Lieutenant  William  Bligh,  who  commanded  the 
"Bounty"  in  1789,  was  afterwards  Governor  of 
New  South  Wales,  and  died  December  7,  1817; 
being  then  a  Rear-Admiral  and  F.R.S.  (See 
Gentlemaii  s  Mag.,  vol.  Ixxxvii.  p.  630.)  He  was 
married,  but  I  do  not  know  to  whom  ;  and  he  left 
six  daughters  and  co-heiresses,  viz.  Harriet  Maria, 
wife  of  Henry  Aston  Barber,  Esq. ;  Elizabeth, 
widow  of  Richard  Bligh,  Esq.  (her  cousin),  of 
Lincoln's  Inn,  Barrister-at-Law  ;  Mary,  wife  of 
Major-General   Sir  Maurice   Charles  O'Connell; 


2-"iS.  N«50.,  DkcIS. 'uG.] 


NOTES  4^ND  QUERIES. 


473 


Frances,  Jane,  and  Ann  Campbell ;  of  whom  Lady 
O'Connell  and  Misses  Frances  and  Jane  Bligli  are 
still  living.  Nauticus. 


THE    SYBIL. 

(2"'»  S.  ii.  430.) 

The  lines  are  a  translation  from  the  Eddaic  Fo- 
luspa  or  Sybil.  I  believe  the  best  edition  is  that 
of  Rask,  Copenhagen,  1818.  I  quote  from  Nor- 
ding's  JDissertatio  de  Eddis  Islandicis,  Upsaliae, 
1735.     Of  the  Sybil  he  says : 

"  Voluspa  baec  qua3  et  qualis  sybilla,  et  num  una  ex 
decern  illis  fuerit,  quas  in  veteri  Latio  et  Hellade  famoso 
Sybillarum  nomine  celebrantur,  juxta  cum  ignarissimis 
^cio,  remque  explicatu  non  tarn  difficilem  quam  prorsus 
desperatam  esse  arbitror." 

The  lines  are  : 

"  Sal  sse  hun  standa,  solu  fiserre, 
Nastrbndum  S,  Nordur  hoiffa  dj're, 
Fiellu  eitur  drSpar  inn  umm  licira, 
Sse  er  unden  salur  ornia  briggium. 
Sa  hun  thar  vada,  thunga  strauma, 
Men  mein  svarar  och  mordvargar, 
Og  tban  annars  glepur  eyra  runum, 
Thar  siig  Nydbfiggnr  naj  fram  geingna, 
Sleit  vargur  vera :  Vite  their  ea  eda  hvad  ?  " 

Stroph.  3G. 

The  Latin  version  may  assist  those  who,  like 
myself,  know  very  little  Icelandic : 

"  Palatium  ilia  stare  novit  a  sole  remotum, 
In  Nastrbndum :  boream  versus  spectant  fores. 
Impluunt  venenatiB  gutta)  per  fenestras. 
Haic  est  contexta  curia  spinis  serpentinis. 
Hie  vadere  ipsa  vidit  amnes  rapidos, 
Homines  perjuros  sicarios, 

Nee  non  illos  qui  alterius  vellicant  aurem  conjugis. 
Ibi  excarnificavit  Nidhoggur  corpora  exstincia, 
Laceravit  vires    fera  truculenta,  —  Intelligitis  adhuc 
nonne?" 

I  think  siig  is  not  properly  rendered  by  "  ex- 
carnificavit ; "  it  is  sucked,  and  wolf  is  more  de- 
finite for  vargur  than  "  fera."  The  last  couplet, 
for  the  sake  of  which-the  quotation  seems  to  have 
been  made,  has  no  corresponding  one  in  the 
original  of  my  copy ;  but  there  are  other  editions. 
Upon  such  matters  one  authority  is  as  good  as 
another,  —  Mrs.  Cowley  as  Voluspa.  In  The  Belle's 
Stratagem,  Doricourt  says : 

"That's  he:  he  that  has  sent  my  poor  soul  without 
waistcoat  or  breeches  to  be  tossed  about  upon  ether  like 
a  duck's  feather." 

Though  "  pane "  is  imported  to  rhyme  to 
"  rain,"  somewhat  anticipating  the  use  of  glass  for 
windows,  the  lines  are  so  good  that  I  hope  to  be 
referred  to  further  translations  by  the  same 
writer.  H.  B.  C. 

U.  U.  Club. 


commonly  called  the  "  Vtilu  Spa."  It  is  given  as 
follows  in  Professor  Munch's  excellent  edition  of 
the  OrdeJi  Edda,  p.5. : 

"  Sal  sa  hon  standa 
sdlu  fjarri 
Nastrondu  a, 
nor-gr  horfa  dyrr : 
fellu  eitdropar 
inn  um  Ijdra, 
sa  er  unilinn  salr 
orma  hrj'ggjum. 
Sa  hon  tSar  va^a 
)>unga  strauma 
menn  meinsvara 
ok  mor'Svarga, 
ok  j>aun  annars  glepr 
eyraninu ; 
}jan  saug  Ni-Shoggr 
xiai  framgengna, 
sleit  vargn  vera." 

In  the  first  volume  of  the  Saxons  in  England,  I 
have  given  sufficient  instances  of  the  way  in  which 
the  old  heathen  notion  of  a  hell  of  cold  and  gloom 
mingled  with  the  oriental  one  of  a  hell  of  flames. 

J.  M.  Kemble. 


The  Sybil  is  the  Volu,  and  the  passage  inquired 
for  is  in  the  42nd  and  43rd  stanzas  of  her  chaunt, 


PHOTOGEAPHIC    COBBESPONDBNCB. 

Dry  Collodion  Processes.  —  If  you  consider  the  following 
modification  of  the  dry  collodion  processes  interesting 
to  your  readers,  will  you  give  it  a  nook  in  your  next 
Number  ?  It  possesses  advantages  over  both  the  gelatine 
and  glycerine,  giving  greater  density  and  definition  in 
my  hands,  with  fewer  failures.  I  prepare  the  plate  with 
Ramsden's  collodion  in  a  slightly  acid  30-grain  nitrate 
bath ;  and  after  well  washing,  a  solution  (made  by  dis- 
solving 180  grains  of  pure  gelatine  in  20  oz.  of  water, 
filtering  while  hot,  and  adding  3  oz.  glycerine  of  a  den- 
sity 1-300  when  nearly  cold,)  is  poured  upon  the  plate, 
and  allowed  to  remain  for  a  few  seconds,  when  it  is 
drained  and  dried,  either  spontaneously,  or  by  means  of 
a  gentle  heat.  Plates  thus  prepared  have  been  kept  for 
twenty-eight  days  without  loss  of  sensitiveness.  The 
plate  "is  developed  either  with  gallic  acid  and  nitrate 
of  silver,  or  pyro- gallic  acid;  but  before  doing  so,  it  is 
desirable  to  place  the  plates  in  cold  water  for  five  or  ten 
minutes.  E.  Beckingham  (Operative  Chemist). 

100.  Bath  Row,  Birmingham. 

Photographic  Society.  —  The  President  and  Council 
have  issued  cards  for  a  soiree  in  King's  College,  Somerset 
House,  on  Wednesday  next ;  and  have  announced  that 
the  fourth  annual  exhibition  will  open  in  the  first  week 
of  January,  at  the  rooms  of  the  Society  of  Painters  in 
Water  Colours,  Pall  Mall  East.  Intending  exhibitors, 
who  need  not  be  members  of  the  Society,  may  learn  the 
regulations  upon  application  to  the  Rev.  S.  R.  Major,  the 
Secretary  of  the  Society. 


Gamage  Family  (2"'^  S.  ii.  336)  — The  Gamages 
of  Rogiet  have  occupied  so  much  space  in  "  N.  & 
Q.,"  that  it  is  possible  that  precise  local  informa- 
tion may  be  acceptable, 


474 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2n<is.  NooO.,  Dec.  13. '56. 


The  locality  is  well  known  in  Monmouthshire, 
seven  miles  S.  W.  from  Chepstow,  between  the 
Magor  turnpike-road  and  the  S.W.R.,  from  both 
of  which  Rogiet  and  Llanvihangel  Eogiet  ad- 
jacent are  conspicuous  objects. 

Powel's  Historie  of  Cambria,  1584,  p.  133.,  gives 
his  deduction  of  the  Gama^es  of  "Kogiade,"_  and 
tlie  mode  in  which  he  considers  an  early  alliance 
with  Turbervile  to  have  brought  to  the  Gamages 
their  later  and  best  estate  of  Coity,  after  interme- 
diate extinction  of  the  male  descendants  of  Berk- 
ralles,  Stackpole,  and  De  La  Bere. 

A  reference  to  the  Inq.  p.  m.  will  explain  the 
Gamage  property  and  tenure  at  Rogiet.  As  to 
their  early  position,  I  find  in  a  bond  for  twenty 
marks,  dated  10th  Jan.  26  Hen.  VI.,  three  bonds- 
men, Morgan  ap  Jenkin  of  Langeston,  William 
Walche  of  Lanwaren,  Esquires,  and  Gilbert  Ga- 
mage of  Roggiet,  Gentilman, 

At  Llanvihangel  Rogiet  a  north  chancel  was 
taken  down  about  twenty  years  ago,  and  among 
the  ruins  were  found  fine  recumbent  figures  of  a 
knight  in  chain  armour,  and  of  a  lady,  on  separate 
slabs,  both  of  which  remain  in  the  church.  An 
imperfect  inscription,  metrical,  and  in  Longo- 
bardic  characters,  runs  round  the  border  of  the 
Intter,  and  is  believed  not  to  have  been  previously 
deciphered,  — 

"  ^  ANN IRTEL CI 

DEV   .    DE    .   SA   .   ALME   .   EYT   .   MERCI  . 
(KI?)   PATER  .   ET   .   AVE   .    P   .   LI   .   DIRRA   . 
DE   .   PARDON   .   XL   .    JVRS  .   AVERA.      AMEN." 

The  (ki  ?)  necessary  for  the  sense,  seems  to  have 
been  blundered  by  the  stonecutter.  The  limits  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  forbid  conjectural  remarks. 

Geo.  Okmerod. 
Sedbury  Park. 

Authorised  Versions  of  the  liehrew  Scriptures 
(2"'^  S.  ii.  429.) — The  unpointed  synagogue  copies 
are  the  only  authorities  admitted  by  the  Jews ; 
nevertheless  they  circulate  the  Pentateuch  and 
extracts  from  other  parts  of  the  Old  Testament 
and  prayers,  in  the  pointed  Hebrew,  with  the 
Chaldee  version  of  Onkelos  and  the  Talmudical 
Hebrew  Commentary  of  Rabbi  Solomon  ben  Isaac 
Jarchi,  called  by  abbreviation  Rashi.  To  these 
are  sometimes  added  a  German  version  printed  in 
the  Hebrew  character  ;  one  held  in  much  esteem 
is  that  of  the  Jewish  Plato,  Moses  Mendelssohn 
(five  vols.,  Berol.  1783),  including  the  various 
readings  (D*"IQ1D  J^pfl),  and  an  additional  com- 
mentary (11X3).  A  similar  work  was  published 
at  Offenbach  in  1803,  in  five  volumes  8vo.,  com- 
prising nearly  2000  pages  of  text,  version,  and 
commentary  ;  the  translation  in  German  being  by 
several  persons  taking  separate  portions  of  the 
text.  The  only  Hebrew  Bible  bearing  any  re- 
semblance to  the  New  Testaments  of  IBloomfield 
or  Alford,  is  a  selection  from  the  various  readings 


of  Kennicott  and  Bruns  (1776-80),  and  De  Rossi 
(1784-8),  by  Doederlein  and  Meissner  (1818). 
But  the  system  of  recensions  and  criticism  of  the 
Hebrew  text  commenced  with  the  Jews  after  the 
times  of  Ezra  and  Nehemiah,  and  prior  to  the 
compilation  of  the  Talmud  ;  the  result  of  which  is 
comprised  In  the  Masorah,  and  an  account  of  it 
may  be  seen  in  the  Tiberias  of  Buxtorff  (1620). 
In  the  Introduction  to  the  Old  Testament  by 
Eichhorn  (vol.  i.  §  115 — 127.),  an  admirable  re- 
sume  of  the  Jewish  critical  labours  Is  given,  and 
the  necessary  authorities  are  specified  with  exact- 
ness. Italian  and  Spanish  versions,  I  believe, 
also  circulate  amongst  the  Jews,  but  of  these  I 
cannot  speak  from  personal  examination. 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 
Lichfield. 

Liturgical  Queries  (2""i  S.  Ii.  309.)  — 1.  The 
omission  of  the  verse  "Dissolve  litis  vincula"  is  not 
peculiar  to  the  English  uses.  I  do  not  recollect 
having  seen  it  in  any  early  copy,  but  in  this  I  may 
be  wrong.  In  six  copies  of  It  which  I  have  just 
looked  out  among  my  books  it  is  Avanting,  viz. 

(1.)  In  an  English  Horce  B.  V.  (use  uncertain). 

(2.)  In  York  HorcB. 

(3.)  In  Breviar.  Sec.  Consuet.  Curcm  Romance, 
1494. 

(4.)  MS.  Breviar.  Fratrum  minor.,  fifteenth 
century. 

(5.)   Officium  B.  Virg.     Plantin,  circ.  1620. 

(6.)  Breviarium  Ordinis  Pradicatorum,  Paris, 
1719. 

I  fancy  that  the  omission  is  more  common  than 
otherwise. 

2.  "  Praise  God  from  whom  all  blessings  flow  " 
was  printed  as  Bishop  Ken's,  in  the  Manual  for 
the  Winchester  Scholars;  my  copy,  however,  is 
only  of  1740,  and  so  not  conclusive  ;  there  is,  how- 
ever, this  additional  proof,  it  was  first  put  only  at 
the  end  of  Bishop  Ken's  "  Morning  Hymn  "  in  our 
Prayer  Book,  and  not  among  the  Doxologies,  as  it 
is  now,  and  It  never  occurred  before  this  hymn 
was  inserted. 

3.  The  "  Morning  Hymn "  was  inserted,  I 
imagine,  first;  for  in  a  Prayer-book  of  1801  and 
1817,  London,  Nichols,  King's  Printer,  there  Is 
the  Morning  Hymn,  but  not  the  Evening.  In 
another  of  1833,  they  both  occur,  and  probably 
before  this  date. 

4.  Several  of  the  hymns  at  the  end  of  the 
metrical  version  have  been  added  quite  recently 
(as  well  as  alterations  being  made  in  other  parts 
of  the  Metrical  Psalms,  &c.). 

In  the  edit.,  London,  1763,  we  have  none  of 
the  four  hymns  for  Holy  Communion,  but  one 
beginning  "  The  Lord  be  thanked  for  his  gifts." 
There  are  also  two  Lamentations. 

In  1801,  London,  we  have  — 

1.  Sacramental  Hymn — The  Morning  Hymn. 


2»<i  S.  No  60.,  Dec.  13.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


475 


2.  Lord's  Prayer,  but  no  Lamentation. 

In  Oxford,  1834,  we  have  none  for  Holy  Com- 
munion ;  no  Lamentation  ;  both  Morning  and 
Evening  Hymns. 

Cambridge,  1835,  one  for  Sacrament ;  no  La- 
mentation ;  both  Morning  and  Evening  Hymns. 

In  Oxford,  1837,  we  have  three  Hymns  for 
Holy  Communion  and  two  Lamentations. 

In  Oxford,  1843,  we  have  four  hymns  for  Holy 
Communion  ;  three  for  Easter  ;  one  Lamentation, 
and  Morning  and  Evening  Hymns.  J.  C.  J. 

German  Concordance  (2""^  S.  ii.  432.)  —  There 
is  a  German  concordance  under  the  following 
title  : 

"  Gottfr.  BUchner's  biblische  Real-  und  Verbal-Hand- 
Concordanz,  oder  exegetisch-homiletisches  Lexicon.  (8th 
edition,  edited  by  H.  L.  Huebner,  8vo.,  Halle,  1850.) 
Price  12s." 

W.  AND  P. 

Nicknames  of  American  States  (2°'*  S.  ii.  309.) — 

New  York  is  the  Empire  State.  >^ 

Massachusetts,  the  Bay  State,  Steady  Habits. 

Rhode  Island,  Banners  State,  or  Green  Mountain     ^ 

Boys ;  called  also  Little  Rhody.  $  !-3 

Vermont,  Plantation. 
New  Hampshire,  the  Granite  State. 
Connecticut,  Freestone  State. 

Maine,  Lumber  State.  -*  * 

Pennsylvania,  the  Keystone  State. 
New  Jersey,  the  Jersey  (pronounced  Jarsey)  Blues. 
Maryland,  Monumental. 
Virginia,  the  Old  Dominion. 
North  Carolina,  Rip  Van  Winkle. 
South  Carolina,  the  Palmetto  State. 
Delaware,  Little  Delaware. 
Georgia,  Pine  State. 
Ohio,  the  Buckeyes. 
Kentucky,  the  Corn  Crackers. 
Alabama,  Alabama. 

Tennessee,  the  Lion's  Den  or  Red  Horses. 
Missouri,  the  Purkes  or  Pukes. 
Illinois,  the  Suckers. 
Indiana,  the  Hoosiers. 
Michigan,  the  Wolverines. 
Arkansas,  the  Toothpickers,  and  the  Bear  State. 
Louisiana,  the  Creole  State. 
Mississippi,  the  Border  Beagles,  or  Swellerheads. 
Wisconsin,  the  Badgers. 

St.  John  Crookes. 
Sunderland. 

Letter  to  Lord  Monteagle  (2°"*  S.  ii.  248.  314. 
415.)  —  Since  my  communication  on  this  subject, 
I  have  been  informed,  from  the  best  authority, 
that  the  incised  slab  on  Lady  Selby's  monument, 
at  Ightham,  is  an  exact  copy  of  a  contempora- 
neous engraving  in  the  British  Museum.  Query, 
Was  that  engraving  taken  from  a  design  of  Lady 
Selby's,  and  therefore  recopied  on  her  monument, 
to  commemorate  her  skill  as  a  designer  ?  The 
words,  "  whose  art  disclosed,"  in  the  inscription, 
might  readily  be  applied  to  this  fact ;  or  did  she 
work  in  tapestry  a  copy  of  the  engraving  ?  Per- 
haps it  is  hardly  worth  a  Query,  but  the  very 


questionable  theory  having  been  raised,  that  she 
wrote  the  mysterious  letter  to  Lord  Monteagle,  it 
is  as  well  to  trace  out  the  whole  history  of  this 
representation  on  the  monument.  L.  B.  L. 

The  Boomerang  (2"'*  S.  ii.  407.) — I  was  some- 
what startled  at  the  minor  Note  on  this  subject ; 
but  after  some  trouble  found  the  passage  in  Pliny 
refei-red  to,  which  is  in  book  xxiv.  chap,  xiii.,  and 
not  Ixxii.,  as  stated  in  this  minor  Note.  The 
words  "ipsum  per  sese  cubitu  proprius  adlabi," 
can  never  be  rendered  "  will  fall  back  again  to- 
ward the  thrower,"  of  its  own  accord.  Adlabi  is 
to  glide  foriaards,  or  to  the  object  aimed  at ;  and 
this  is  clear  from  the  word  "  etiamsi,"  although  the 
stick  thrown  fell  short  of  its  object  from  want  of 
strength  of  the  thrower.  Holland  rightly  trans- 
lates the  passage  as  follows  : 

"  Also  that  a  staff  made  thereof,  if  a  man  do  fling  it  at 
any  beast  whatsoever,  although  it  chance  to  light  short  for 
default  of  strength  in  his  arms  who  flung  it,  will  not- 
withstanding etch  forward,  and  roll  from  the  place  where 
it  fell  upon  the  earth,  and  approach  near  to  the  beast 
aforesaid :  of  so  admirable  a  nature  is  this  holly  tree." 

T.  P. 
•Clifton. 

Durham  College  (2°"^  S.  ii.  412.)  — The  charter 
for  Cromwell's  College  at  Durham  is  printed 
(from  Baker's  MS.,  xiii.  259—268.)  in  Grey's 
Examination  of  NeaVs  Fourth  Volume  (Lond. 
1739),  Append.  No.  67.  pp.  111.  seq.  See  also 
Ibid.  No.  66.  p.  109. ;  Peck's  Historical  Pieces, 
p.  60. ;  Baker's  MSS.,  xxv.  218.,  xxviii.  445., 
xxxviii.  432. ;  Aubrey's  Lives,  p.  560. ;  Calamy's 
Account,  ^c.  (2nd  ed.),  p.  754.  Some  of  these 
references,  with  others,  are  to  be  found  in  Mr. 
Cooper's  Annals  of  Cambridge,  vol.  iii.  p.  473. 

J.  E.  B.  Mayor. 

St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 

Mankind  and  their  Destroyers  (2""*  S.  ii.  280. 
459.)  —  The  fact  on  which  the  profound  remarks 
of  "  Professor  Thomas  Cooper,  of  Charles  Town," 
wherever  that  may  be,  and  of  the  author  of  Cha- 
racteristics is  based,  is  one  that  any  man  with  a  grain 
of  talent  for  observation  must  have  had  forced  upon 
him  :  so  that  to  say  Mr.  A.  B.  or  C.  was  the  first 
to  remark  it,  only  means  that  the  annotator  first 
noticed  it  in  the  pages  of  such  or  such  a  writer. 
Bishop  Butler,  in  his  Analogy,  instances  the  fact 
of  the  sun  always  rising  in  the  east ;  but  I  should 
be  afraid  to  say  that  this  was  an  original  observ- 
ation of  his.  However,  to  carry  back  the  research 
a  generation  before  "  the  author  of  the  Character- 
istics," and  several  before  the  days  of  "  Professor 
Thomas  Cooper,"  we  find  Jeremy  Taylor,  in  his 
sermon  for  Sir  George  Dalstone,  saying  truly,  but 
without  I  imagine  any  great  claim  to  originality  : 

"  In  this  world  men  thrive  by  villany,  and  lying  and 
deceiving  is  accounted  just;  and  to  be  rich  is  to  be  wise, 
and  tyranny  is  honorable ;  and  though  little  thefts  and 


m 


KOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  N"  50.,  Dec.  13.  '56. 


petty  mischiefs  are  interrupted  by  the  laws,  yet  if  a  mis- 
chief becomes  public  and  great,  acted  by  princes  and 
effected  by  armies,  and  robberies  be  done  by  wliole  fleets, 
it  is  virtue  and  it  is  glory ;  it  fills  the  mouths  of  fools 
that  wonder,  and  employs  the  pens  of  witty  men  that  eat 
the  bread  of  flattery." — Taylor's  Life,  vol.  viii.  p,  547. 
edit.  Eden. 

Wm.  Denton. 

Dialects  (2""*  S.  ii.  431.)  —  Your  'correspondent 
will  find  some  interesting  information  upon  the 
history  of  the  Scotch  dialect  (its  identity  with 
the  English,  and  its  commencing  discrepancies), 
in  Craik's  Literature  and  Learning  in  England^ 
(vol.  ii.  p.  108.).  Mr.  Craik,  speaking  of  The 
Bruce  of  Barbour,  shows  that  his  language  is,  in 
the  main,  identical  with  that  of  Chaucer,  with 
whom  he  was  contemporary  ;  that  he  himself  calls 
it  English,  as  do  also  his  successors  Dunbar,  and 
even  Lyndsay  ;  and  that  the  terra  Scotch  was  only 
applied  to  the  Gaelic  of  the  Highlanders.  And 
again,  at  p.  247.,  when  treating  of  The  Complaynt 
q/  Scotland,  printed  at  St.  Andrews  in  1548,  he 
remarks,  that  though  the  Scotch  dialect  had  al- 
ready a  distinct  character,  some  of  its  most  marked 
peculiarities  had  not  yet  appeared  :  such  as  the 
elision  of  the  final  I  after  a  vowel  or  a  diphthong. 
This  change  he  says  is  probably  very  modern. 

Leicester. 

A  stale  joke  quoted  (2°''  S.  i,  447.)  —  I  have  seen 
the  first  line  differently  quoted  : 

"  The  sun,  from  his  vertical  height, 
lUumin'd  the  depths  of  the  sea." 

The  friend  who  added  the  expressive  lines 
about  the  fishes,  is  said  to  have  been  Lort  Mansel, 
afterwards  Master  of  Trinity  and  Bishop  of  Bristol. 
I  think  that  the  learned  Swedes  must  have  been 
"  ploughing  with  his  heifer."       Henry  T.  Riley. 

"  The  World  Unmasked;  or,  the  Philosopher  the 
Greatest  Cheat"  (2"*S.  ii.  390.)  —This  work  may 
have  been  attributed  to  Bernard  Mandeville,  by 
persons  unacquainted  with  the  wide  difference  in  its 
character  and  tendency  from  the  immoral  and  licen- 
tious nature  of  Mandeville's  productions.  I  find 
it  attributed,  with  much  greater  probability,  in 
p.  59.  of  a  recent  publication,  a  Memoir  of  William 
Cookworthy,  a  minister  in  the  Society  of  Friends, 
by  his  grandson,  George  Harrison,  to  Beat  Louis 
Muralt,  a  native  of  Berne,  in  Switzerland.  In  the 
list  of  this  author's  works  in  La  France  Litte- 
raire,  par  J.  M.  Querard,  7'Ae  World  Unmasked  is 
not  to  be  found,  but  a  book  is  there  enumerated 
which  appears  to  be  the  original  of  a  treatise,  a 
translation  of  which  is  contained  in  the  same  vo- 
lume with  that  of  The  World  Unmasked,  1736. 
The  title  is  the  following : 

"  Le  syst^me  des  anciens  et  des  modernes  concilie  par 
I'exposition  des  sentiments  diff^rents  de  quelques  th^olo- 
giens  sur  I'^tat  des  fimes  s^par^es  du  corps.    Nouv.  Edi- 


tion 
titule 


.,  augm.  d'une  Suite,  servant  de  reponse  au  livre  in- 
le  :  '  Examen  de  I'Origenisme.'    Amst.  1733,  in-12." 

'AAieuy. 
Dublin. 


Doily  (2°'»  S.  ii.  387.)  —  The  author  of  Wine 
and  Walnuts  (vol.  i.  p.  149.)  has  the  following  pas- 
sage concerning  this  old  worthy  :  — 

"  Mr.  Doyley,  a  very  respectable  warehouseman,  whose 
family,  of  the  same  name,  had  resided  in  the  great  old 
house  next  to  HodsoU  tlie  banker's,  from  the  time  of 
Queen  Anne.  This  house,  built  by  Inigo  Jones,  which 
makes  a  prominent  feature  in  the  old  engraved  views  of 
the  Strand,  having  a  covered  up  and  down  entrance, 
which  projected  to  the  carriage-way,  was  pulled  down 
about  1782.  On  the  site  of  which  was  erected  the  house 
now  occupied  in  the  same  business.  The  dessert  napkins, 
termed  Doyleys,  are  so  called,  having  originated  with  this 
ancient  firm." 

Peter  Cunningham,  in  his  charming  Handbook 
of  London  (edit.  1850,  p.  476.),  describing  the  ce- 
lebrated houses  in  the  Strand,  says  : 

"  No.  346.  (east  corner  of  Upper  Wellington  Street), 
Doyley's  warehouse  for  woollen  articles.  Dryden,  in  his 
Limberham,  speaks  of  '  Doilj'  Petticoats ; '  and  Steele,  in 
The  Gitardian  (No.  102.),  of  his  '  Doily  suit ;  '  while  Gay, 
in  his  Trivia,  describes  a  Doyly  as  a  poor  defence  against 
the  cold." 

Edward  F.  Rimbault. 

East  Window  in  Wells  Cathedral  (1"  S.  iv. 
331.)  —  T.  Wt.  writing  of  the  serpent  repre- 
sented with  a  human  head,  refers  to  the  east 
window  in  the  Ladye  Chapel  in  Wells  Cathedral, 
and  quotes  the  inscription  on  the  scroll,  about  and 
below  that  figure.  I  should  esteem  it  a  particular 
favour  if  your  correspondent  would  give  me  the 
inscriptions  on  the  other  scrolls  in  the  window,  as 
well  as  such  other  information  as  he  may  possess 
with  reference  to  other  stained  glass  in  the  ca- 
thedral. Ina. 

Wells. 

Ventre  St.  Gris  (2"''  S.  ii.  382.)  —  Such,  and 
not  ventre,  was  Henry  IV.'s  celebrated  oath,  and 
the  whole  was,  no  doubt,  a  corruption  into  in- 
offensive sounds  of  some  words  too  sacred  to  be 
distinctly  uttered,  of  which  there  are  so  many  ex- 
amples in  the  vulgar  tongue  of  both  France  and 
England  :  — parbleu,  morbleu,  corbleu,  palsamblcu, 
sandidis,  in  French ;  in  English,  zounds,  odds 
boddikins,  *'odds-my-life,  egad,  ecod,  and  King 
Charles's  "  odd's  fish,"  which  may  serve  as  a  pen- 
dant to  King  Henry's  ventre  Saint  Gris. 

I  do  not  guess  at  the  words  thus  travestied,  but 
T.  P.  may  be  right,  and  Saint  Gris  may  represent 
sang  real.  But  I  think  it  very  unlikely  ;  and  still 
more  improbable  is  its  having  any  connexion  with 
sangaree.  C. 

Motto  for  an  Index  (2"''  S.  ii.  413.  481.)  —  I 
would  suggest  "  Ex  uno  disce  omnes,"  or  "  E 
pluribus  unum."  Henry  T.  Riley. 


2^  S.  Ko  60.,  Dec.  13.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


477 


How  do  Oysters  make  their  Shells  f  (2"^  S.  ii. 
228.)  —  In  answer  to  Mr.  A.  H.  White  I  bej?  to 
refer  him  to  Animal  Physiology,  by  Dr.  W.  B. 
Carpenter,  p.  137.  par.  168.,  where  he  says,  — 

"  The  thickness  of  the  shells  of  the  aquatic  mollusca 
depends  greatly  upon  the  quantity  of  lime  in  the  sur- 
rounding -water.  Those  which  inhabit  the  sea  find  in  its 
waters  as  much  as  they  require." 

And  in  Beautiful  Shells,  by  H.  G.  Adams,  speak- 
ing of  shells  in  the  introduction,  p.  v.,  he  writes : 

"  Truly  these  mollusks,  some  of  them  live  in  gorgeous 
palaces,  and  the  most  curious  part  of  the  matter  is,  that 
from  the  fluids  or  juices  of  their  own  bodies,  and  from  the 
chalky  matter  collected  from  the  water,  they  are  enabled 
to  secrete  or  deposit  such  wonderfully  constructed  habit- 
ations, which  after  all  are  little  more  than  chalk.  Burn 
a  heap  of  oyster  shells,  or  any  other  testaceous  coverings, 
and  you  get  lime  the  same  as  that  produced  by  burning 
the  white  lumps  from  the  chalk  pit ;  which  lumps,  by  the 
wa}',  are  said  to  be  composed  wholly,  or  for  the  most 
part,  of  marine  shells." 

See  also  Cuvier,  Animal  Kingdom,  vol.  xii. 
p.  166. : 

"  The  shells  of  oj^sters  contain  much  less  animal  matter, 
and  this  matter  resembles  more  a  gelatinous  substance. 
M.  Vauquelin  has  found  there,  besides  the  organic  matter, 
some  subcarbonate  and  phosphate  of  lime,  subcarbonate 
of  magnesia,  and  oxide  of  iron." 

Jos.  Llotd  Phelps. 

48.  Lee  Crescent. 

"Coot"  (_2"^S.il  307.)  — 

"  And  also  the  mad  coote." 
"  As  mad  as  the  coot." 

This  is  the  Fulica  altra,  the  bald  Coot  or  common 
Coot,  Cute,  Queet,  bald  duck,  &c. 

There  is  something  in  the  habits  of  the  bird 
which  warrants  the  diaracter  above  given  of  it. 
This  bird  is  extremely  shy  and  vigilant,  and  uni- 
formly takes  flight  when  approached ;  and  by  this, 
and  its  cries,  it  hinders  the  sportsman  in  his  ap- 
proaching other  birds  occupying  the  same  pools 
or  marshes.  The  same  habits  which  are  natural 
to  the  hare,  particularly  in  the  month  of  March, 
has,  I  conclude,  given  rise  to  the  proverbial  say- 
ing, "  Mad  as  a  March  hare."  Vectis. 

Milborne  Port  (2°^  S.  ii.  111.)  —  See  Douglas's 
Election  Cases,  I  think  vol.  i.,  on  the  petition 
against  the  return  for  Milborne  Port ;  it  explains 
the  whole  mystery  of  the  wheel  and  seven  spokes. 

C.  K. 

Importance  of  Ballads  (2"'*  S.  ii.  211.)  —  These 
sayings,  with  reference  to  a  nation's  ballads,  not 
improbably  originated  with  the  influence  which 
the  songs  of  Tyrtgeus  were  said  to  have  had  with 
the  Spartans,  when  animated  by  them  in  their 
wars  with  their  neighbours,  the  ill-used  Messe- 
nians.  Henry  T.  Rilet. 

Regatta  (2"^  S.  ii.  410.)  — The  Ital.  regatta  for 
reguta  (old  form)  is  probably  a  contraction  of 


remigdta  (act  of  rowing),  from  remigure.  Thus, 
epfTnos,  remus,  remus-ago,  remigo,  remigure,  remi- 
gdta, regdta,  regatta.  According  to  Virgil  (jSHn., 
lib.  v.),  regattas  would  seem  to  be  of  somewhat 
ancient  origin.  I  am  not  aware  that  they  have 
any  connexion  with  royalty,  except  so  far  as  they 
appear  to  have  been  patronised  by  Pius  ^neas. 

E.  S.  Chabnock. 
Gray's  Inn. 

There  seems  to  be  little  doubt  that  regattas  were 
first  held  at  Venice.  Drummond  says  in  his  Travels 
(p.  84.),  in  a  passage  quoted,  under  the  word  "re- 
gatta," in  Todd's  Johnsoris  Dictionary  : 

"This  diversion  seems  to  have  taken  its  rise  from  a 
custom  introduced  by  the  Doge  Pietro  Landi  in  the  vear 
1539." 

And  in  the  article  "  regatta  "  in  the  Encyclopae- 
dia Britannica,  we  are  informed  that  a  "  regata  " 
or  "  regatta  "  is  "  a  species  of  amusement  peculiar 
to  the  Republic  of  Venice." 

As  N.  G.  T.  inquires  what  connection  there  is 
between  regattas  and  royalty,  I  may  add  (on  the 
authority  of  the  Encyclopcedia  Britannica)  that,  — 

"  The  grand  regata  is  only  exhibited  on  particular  oc- 
casions, as  the  visits  of  foreign  princes  and  kings  to 
Venice." 

Vespertilio. 

Mayors  Re-elected  (2°^  S.  ii.  384.)  —  Y.  J.  asks 
if  there  is  any  instance  of  mayors  being  elected 
more  than  three  times. 

Simon  de  Bourton  was  six  times  Mayor  of 
Bristol,  between  1291  and  1305. 

William  Canynges,  Sen.,  was  six  times  mayor  of 
the  same  city  in  the  fourteenth  century  ;  and  his 
grandson,  William  Canynges,  Jun.  (like  his  grand- 
father a  great  helper  in  the  erection  of  the  church 
of  St.  Mary  RedcliiFe),  five  times. 

And  lastly.  Sir  John  Kerle  Haberfield  has  filled 
the  civic  chair  six  times  between  1838  and  1851. 

Barrett,  in  his  History  of  Bristol,  mentions  one 
Roger  Turtle  enjoying  the  dignity  seven  times. 
But  as  a  period  of  forty-six  years  elapses  between 
his  first  and  his  last  election  to  the  office,  it  seems 
likely  that  at  the  later  period  it  was  filled  by  an- 
other person  of  the  same  name,  probably  his  son. 

There  have  been  several  Lord-Provosts  of  Edin- 
burgh elected  more  than  three  times  to  the  office. 

J.  K.  R.  W. 

Derivation  of  Pamphlet  (2°'^  S.  ii.  409.)  —  The 
following  curious  notice  concerning  pamphlets  is 
from  the  Philobiblion,  ascribed  to  Richard  de 
Bury,  Bishop  of  Durham  ;  but  written  by  Robert 
Holkot,  at  his  desire,  as  Fabricius  says,  about  the 
year  1344  (Fabr.  Bibl.  Medii  j3Evi,  vol.  i.)  ;  it 
occurs  in  the  eighth  chapter : 

"  Sed  revera  libros  non  libras  maluimus  ;  codicesque 
plus  dileximus  quam  florenos :  ac  Panfletos  exiguos 
phaleratis  prsetulimus  palescedis." 

Edward  F.  Rimbault. 


478 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»'i  S.  N»  60.,  Dec.  13.  '56. 


Leaning  Towers  (2"'^  S.  ii.  456.)  —  Under  this 
heading,  C.  says,  "  I  should  like  to  know  more  of 
the  crooked  spires  of  Yarmouth  and  Chesterfield, 
whether  they  were  actually,  or  only  apparently 
crooked?"  As  regards  Chesterfield  spire  I  re- 
member reading,  some  years  ago,  in  an  early 
number  of  The  Penny  or  Saturday  Magazine, 
neither  of  which  I  can  refer  to  at  present,  an  ac- 
count of  which  I  will  give  the  substance.  The 
church  at  Chesterfield  was  built  by  a  native  of 
that  place,  whose  name  and  the  date  I  forget ;  and 
he  is  reported  to  have  actually  lost  a  considerable 
sum  of  money  in  building  it.     When  he  had  com- 

Eleted  it,  the  authorities  of  Chesterfield  found  he 
ad  not  added  a  spire,  but  finished  at  the  top  of 
the  tower  ;  and  as  the  builder  and  architect  (both 
one  and  the  same  person)  refused  to  add  a  spire, 
alleging  his  loss  by  the  church,  the  corporation 
took  counsel  of  the  Attorney-General ;  who  gave 
his  opinion  that  a  spire  was  as  much  a  part  of  a 
church  as  the  tower,  and,  consequently,  the  builder 
must  finish  his  contract  by  adding  the  spire. 
Nothing  daunted,  the  builder  thus  reasoned,  "  If 
I  must  add  a  spire,  there  is  nothing  to  say  of  what 
material  it  is  to  be  built,  or  on  what  plan."  So 
he  erected  the  present  remarkable  spire,  rising  to 
the  altitude  of  230  feet.  This  spire  he  constructed 
of  wood  on  geometrical  principles,  and  produced 
an  optical  illusion  ;  by  which,  from  whatever  point 
it  is  viewed,  it  appears  to  be  hanging  over,  ready 
to  fall  on  the  observer's  head.  When  the  scaf- 
folding was  removed,  and  the  spire  first  exposed 
to  view,  the  corporation  were  much  alarmed,  and 
the  people  at  first  refused  to  go  into  the  church . 
In  this  dilemma,  the  authorities  applied  to  the 
builder  to  take  it  down,  and  they  would  pay  him 
handsomely  ;  but  he  replied,  "  that  he  had  put  it 
up  against  his  own  wish,  and  by  their  compulsion ; 
so,  if  they  wanted  it  down  again,  they  had  better 
set  to  work  and  pull  it  down  themselves  :"  adding, 
"that  although  they  could  not  see  its  beauties, 
the  time  would  come  when  his  ingenuity  would  be 
appreciated."  M.  C. 

Bishop  Butts  (2"-^  S.  ii.  17.)  —  I  think  E.  D.  B. 
claims  too  early  a  date  for  the  Butts  family  at 
Shouldham  Thorpe.  I  have  consulted  numerous 
deeds  and  covert  rolls,  but  do  not  find  the  name 
earlier  than  Henry  VIII.  William  Butts  held  his 
first  court  for  West  Derham  Abbey  Manor  in 
Watlington,  32  H.  8.,  as  "Firmarius  Dni  Regis;" 
his  son  William  Butts  held  his  first  court  for 
Shouldham  Thorpe  M.,  11th  Elizabeth,  it  being 
before  that  in  the  Gawsels.  I  should  be  glad  to 
communicate  with  E.  D.  B.  on  the  subject. 

G.  H.  D. 

Horse-talk  (2"^  S.  i.  335.  395.)  —  In  Northum- 
berland, the  hint  given  by  a  carter  to  his  horse 
that  he  must  mend  his  pace  is  heck,  heck. 

Henry  H.  EiLEr. 


Family  of  Noyes  (2"'^  S.  ii.  169.)  —  The  manor 
of  Blackswells  was  in  Chessenbury,  Whiteparish, 
&c.  I  have  since  discovered  that  Joan,  the  wife 
of  William  Noyes  (of  Ramsbury  House),  was 
daughter  and  heiress  of  Nicholas  Bacon  of  White- 
parish,  &c.,  whose  will  was  proved  at  Doctors' 
Commons,  Nov.  3,  1599,  and  the  estates  in  ques- 
tion were  her  inheritance.  (The  fine  passed  in 
1614  appears  to  have  been  to  settle  the  title  on 
the  conclusion  of  a  Chancery  suit  with  John  Bacon 
and  Wm.  Rynge.) 

William  Noyes,  I  find,  was  brother  of  Peter 
Noyes  of  Weyhill,  and  his  son  AVilliam  was  ajtat. 
40  in  1632.  Memor. 

A  Packman's  Stone  (2"'^  S.  i.  15.  &c.)  — 

"  I'll  tell  you  a  tale  of  Jamie  the  packman, 
Ye  cou'd  not  but  ken  gleid  *  Jamie  Cunningham, 
As  he  was  travelling  within  a  mile  of  Tunningham, 
He  sat  down  at  a  fald-dyke  for  to  ease  his  back, 
'Twad  bursten  our  mare  to  have  carried  his  pack. 
As  he  was  rising  to  gang  some  miles  farther, 
He  hitch 'd  his  pack  o'er  his  left  shoulder ; 
The  swing  of  the  pack  brought  him  to  the  ground 
And  choak'd  him  dead  :  the  laird  of  the  ground 
On  the  very  spot  where  his  servants  found  him 
Put  up  a  stane  with  this  memorandum  : 

VVhate'er  come  of  the  pack. 

Spend  ay  the  ither  plack. 

And  let  ne'er  j'our  gear  o'er  gang  you, 

Keep  ay  your  back  light, 

And  your  pack  tight. 

And  then  it  never  will  hang  you." 

(Dialogue  between  the  Tinklarian  Doctor  and 
his  Grandam,  in  a  Collection  of  Scots  Poems  on 
several  Occasions,  by  the  late  Mr.  Alexander  Pen- 
necuik,  Gent,  and  others.     Edinburgh,  1756.) 

G.N. 

Epitaph  at  Abinger  (2"'»-  S.  ii.  306.  397.)  —  I 
have  met  with  an  older  version  than  either  of 
these ;  it  occurs  in  the  graveyard  of  Barnwell 
Priory,  near  Cambridge,  over  the  remains  of  John 
Holmes,  who  died  Dec.  6, 1796,  aged  seventy-two 
years.  It  differs  from  those  given  principally  in 
the  first  line,  which  runs  : 

"  My  Sledge  and  Hammer  lie  reclin'd." 
I  also  met  with  it,  with  some  little  variation,  at 
Carisbrook,  in  the  Isle  of  Wight.      J.  Eastwood. 

Husbands  authorised  to  beat  their  Wives  (2"''  S.  ii. 
108.  219.  297.  359.)  — The  practice  of  husbands 
correcting  their  wives  seems  to  have  been  common 
on  the  Continent  as  well  as  in  England.  In  the 
Cent  Nouvelles  Nouvelles,  and  other  works  of  the 
period  and  later,  we  find  that  naughty  wives  were 
corrected  with  the  birch  after  the  approved  scho- 
lastic fashion.  In  England,  even,  daughters  of 
marriageable  age  were  whipped  by  their  mothers, 
so  late  as  the  time  of  Dr.  Johnson,  who  is  said  to 
have  approved  of  the  practice.  T, 

*  Squint-eyed. 


2nd  S.  No  50.,  Dec.  13.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


479 


Rue  (2"'*  S.  ii.  351.)  —Miller  (Gard.  and  Bot. 
Diet,  Lond,  1807,  says,  "  This  herb  was  anciently 
named  in  English  Herh  Grace,  or  Herb  of  Grace." 
Warburton  says  that  it  had  the  latter  name  from 
its  having  been  used  in  exorcisms.  When  Ophelia, 
in  Hamlet,  says  to  the  Queen,  "  There's  rue  for 
you,  and  here's  some  for  me ;  we  may  call  it  Plerb 
of  Grace  o'  Sundays  :  "  —  the  fair  moralist  has  no 
reference  to  this  plant  being  used  in  exorcisms 
performed  in  churches  on  Sundays;  but  means 
only  that  the  queen  may,  with  peculiar  propriety, 
on  Sundays,  when  she  solicits  pardon  for  that 
crime  which  she  has  so  much  occasion  to  rue  and 
repent  of,  call  her  rue  herb  of  grace.  It  was,  in- 
deed, the  common  name  for  rue  in  Shakspeare's 
time ;  and  Greene,  in  his  Quip  for  an  Upstart 
Courtier,  has  this  passage  : 

"  Some  of  them  smiled  and  said,  rue  was  called  herhe 
grace,  which  though  thej'  scorned  in  their  youth,  they 
might  wear  in  their  age,  and  that  it  was  never  too  late 
to  say  miserere."  (Malone  and  Henlej'  in  Steevens's  Shak- 
speare.) 

See  also  the  lines  beginning,  — 

"  Here  did  she  drop  a  tear," 
in  Richard  II.,  where  the  gardener  is  speaking  of 
the  queen.     Also    Winters   Tale,  where  Perdita 
says : 

"  Reverend  Sirs, 
For  you  there's  rosemary  and  rue ;  these  keep 
Seeming  and  favour  all  the  winter  long. 
Grace  and  remembrance  be  to  you  both." 

Perhaps  the  above  may  lead  to  the  origin  of  its 
use.  Query,  may  it  not  be  placed  in  the  dock  as 
a  preventive  against  fainting  ?     R.  S.  Chabnock. 

Gray's  Inn. 

Canonicals  worn  in  Public  (2""  S.  i.  82.  521.)  — 
At  Eideford,  in  North  Devon,  some  thirty  years 
ago,  the  clergyman  always  appeared  in  canonicals, 
when  on  the  road  to  church  on  Sundays.  It  is 
still  the  practice  to  do  so  in  some  parts  of  Nor- 
thumberland at  the  present  day. 

Henrt  T.  Riley. 

Barony  of  Molingaria  (2"'^  S.  i.  149.)— May 
not  this  possibly  be  MuUingar,  in  Ireland  ? 

Henby  T.  Rilet. 


NOTES    ON    BOOKS,    ETC. 

As  surely  as  the  scarlet  holly  berries  flashing  in  the 
hedges  portend  in  the  country  the  approach  of  Christmas, 
so  surely  do  books,  handsomely  illustrated  and  gor- 
geously' bound,  announce  in  "the  Kow"  that  the  Season 
of  gift-making  is  at  hand.  One  of  these  heralds  of 
Christmas  is  now  before  us,  in  an  edition  of  Sir  \V. 
Scott's  Lord  of  the  Isles,  loith  all  the  Introductions  and  the 
Editor's  Notes,  and  illustrated  hy  numerous  Engravings  on 
Wood,  from  Drawings  by  Birket  Foster  and  John  Gilbert. 
It  is  indeed  altogether  a  very  beautiful  volume.    Scott's 


poetry  is  the  very  poetry  for  artists  to  illustrate;  and 
with  a  subject  so  congenial  to  their  pencils,  Birket  Foster 
and  John  Gilbert  may  well  be  depended  upon  for  a  series 
of  clever  and  artistic  pictures.  They  have  done  their 
work  well ;  and  set  off  as  it  is  by  the  united  efforts  of 
printer  and  binder,  the  Lord  of  the  Isles  is  a  book  worthy 
of  the  Season. 

He  who  has  the  gift  of  investing  the  realities  of  History 
with  the  charms  of  its  Romance  will  find  his  reward  in 
many  readers.  This  gift  is  obviously  in  the  hands  of 
Mr.  T.  Adolphus  Trollope,  and  consequently  The  Girlhood 
of  Catherine  de  Medici  will  be  perused  with  delight  by 
many  who  would  have  turned  away,  with  indifference  at 
least,  from  the  same  facts  if  presented  to  them  by  a  mere 
Dryasdust.  The  subject  is  indeed  an  interesting  one,  and, 
if  we  agree  with  Mr.  Trollope,  that  "Catherine — excep- 
tional portent  as  she  has  been  considered  —  was  in  truth 
but  the  normal  and  natural  product  of  her  time,"  let  us 
hope  that  he  is  right  in  his  second  conclusion,  and  be 
thankful  for  it,  "  that  a  moral  deformity  so  monstrous 
could  not  be  generated  by  the  social  life  of  our  own  day." 

We  have  before  us  just  now  two  works,  both  calculated 
to  minister  to  the  growing  taste  for  natural  historj',  and 
consequently  in  some  measure  alike ;  but  in  their  treat- 
ment essentially  different.  The  first,  by  Mr.  Noel  Hum- 
phrej's,  is  entitled  Ocean  Gardens  :  the  History  of  the 
Marine  Aquarium,  and  the  best  Methods  now  adopted  for 
its  Establishment  and  Preservation.  The  work  is  illus- 
trated with  twelve  plates  printed  in  colours,  and  is  a 
handsome  and  instructive  volume  for  beginners.  The 
other  will  delight  the  more  advanced  students.  It  is  the 
Second  Part  of  Mr.  Gosse's  3Ianual  of  Marine  Zoology 
for  the  British  Isles.  It  completes  this  profound  natu- 
ralist's history  of  our  Marine  Fauna ;  is  illustrated,  like  its 
predecessor,  with  no  less  than  three  hundred  and  thirty- 
nine  figures,  is  distinguished  by  the  same  minuteness  and 
accuracy  of  description,  and  forms  a  volume  which  no 
one  who  possesses  a  Marine  Aquarium  should  be  without. 


BOOKS    AND     ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  tliat  purpose  : 

Pope's  Letters.    2  Vols.    Small  8vo.    Cooper.    1737. 
Pope's  Letters  to  Cromweli,.    Curll.     1727. 
CuRLicisM  Displayed.    London.     12mo.     1718. 
The  Corliad.    12mo.    London,  1729. 
Key  to  the  Donciad.     I2mo.    London,  1729. 

Ditto  Ditto    Second  Edition.     1729. 

Ditto  Ditto    Third  Edition.      1729. 

Court  Poems.    Dublin,  1716. 

Wanted  by  William  J.  Thorns,  Esq.,  2.5.  Holywell  Street,  Millbank, 
Westminster. 


The  Sikoe  of  Kaeblaverock.    Edited  by  Sir  H.  Nicolas. 

Wanted  by  G.  Prideaux,  Esq.,  Mill  Lane,  Plymouth. 


Owing  to  the  number  of  Replies  to  Minor  Queries  waitirig  for  insef- 
tioii,  we  have  been  obliyed  to  postpone  many  interesting  papers,  among 
others.  Queries  respecting  Theosophists  and  Mystics  ;  Mr.  Marshall  s 
paper  on  Stock  Frosts;  Mr.  Sidney  Gibson  on  Traditions  through  few 
l>inks  ;  and  a  very  curious  Description  of  an  Early  Alchymical  MS.,  by 
Cutiidert  Bede. 

The  Stray  Notes  on  Curll  having  been  intcrrvptedby  the  necessity 
of  further  researches  on  one  or  ttco  points  will  be  resumed  in  our  new 
volume. 

O.B.  will  find  the  information  of  which  he  is  in  want  respecting  the 
Bar  of  Michael  Angelo  in  our  1st  S.  ii.  166. 

J.  V.  7s  our  Correspondent  sure  that  the  article  was  not  inserted  f  He 
has  not  mentioned  the  subject,  to  we  cannot  at  present  state  whether  it  ap- 
peared or  not. 


480 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  jfo  50,,  Dec.  13.  '56. 


E.  W.  (Hereford)  will  find  the  proverbial  saving  "  A  Boland  for  an 
Oliyer"  treated  of  in  our  Ist  S.  i.  234. ;  li.  132. ;  ix.  45?. 

loMORAMu*.  Tennu$on's  allusion  is  to  Margaret  Roper,  daughter  of 
Sir  Thomas  More. 

3.  E.  8.  The  Works  of  Nicolo  MachiaveUi  were  translated  into  Eng- 
lish in  1675, /oKo;  also  by  Ellis  Fameworth,  in  2  vols,  ito.,  1762,  and 
4  vols.  8wo.,  1775.  27ie  London  second-luxnd  booksellers  would  probably 
furnish  a  copy. 

E.  H.  A.  The  word  "  Adamson  "  is  clearly  a  misprint.  The  reference 
is  no  doubt  to  Alexander  Adams,  author  of  Roman  Antiquities.  The 
cWoro/ Memoirs  of  Strange  and  Lumsden  difi  not  revise  the  last  feu) 
sheets. 

ERKATuM._2nd8.  ii.  386.  col.  1.1.  27.  after  Alexandere  dele  the  full 
stop.    It  is"  a  booke  of  Alexandre  Nowell  s." 

"Notes  and  Quebibs"  is  published  at  Jioon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  Monthlv  Parts.  The  subscription  for  Stamped  Copies  for- 
warded direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half-yearly  Index)  is 
i\s.  id.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in  favour  o/ Messrs. 
Bei.1.  and  Daldv,  186.  Fi.bet  Street;  to  whom  also  all  Coumdnications 
for  thb  Editor  should  be  addressed. 


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PHOTOGRAPHY.  —  Gratis.  — 
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2»<>  S.  N«  81.,  Dec.  20.  m.J 


NOtES  AND  QITEKIES. 


481 


LONDOK  SAft/MDAY,  ^SCEMBSR  20. 1856. 


DESCRIPTION    OF   A    CURIOUS    ILLUMINATED    MANU- 
SCRIPT RELATING  TO  THE  PHILOSOPHER'S  STONE. 

On  rising  ground  to  the  right  hand  of  the  road 
leading  from  Powick  to  Pixnani  Ferry  (Worces- 
tershire), there  is  a  fine  old  gabled  house,  —  semi- 
farm  and  semi-fflailsion,  —  tvhich,  till  within  these 
seventy  years,  was  called  the  Moat-House,  but  is 
now  known  by  the  name  of  the  White  House.  It 
is  still  kept  up  in  its  old-fashioned  style,  and  con- 
tains a  fine  staircase,  tapestried  room,  and  many 
objects  of  interest.  A  fevy  years  ago  the  widow  of 
the  last  proprietor  tvas  turning  out  the  contents 
of  an  old  bookcase,  when.  Concealed  behind  some 
black-letter  folios,  she  discovered  a  roll  of  parch- 
ment. Of  its  history  shd  cfth  give  no  account. 
Setting  high  store  by  it,  she  has  preserved  it  with 
the  greatest  care.  Many  of  those  whom  she  has 
favoured  with  a  sight  of  it  have  wished  to  pur- 
chase it,  and,  failing  that,  to  make  a  copy  of  it. 
This  has  always  been  refused.  I,  however,  am 
fliofe  fortunate ;  and  she  has,  most  kindly  arid 
politely,  placed  her  treasure  iu  my  hands,  in 
order  that  I  may  make  a  copy  of  it. 

It  is  mounted  upon  wooderi  rollers,  ^tid  is  of 
unusual  dimensions,  being  ten  feet  ten  ihches  in 
length,  atld  fifteeh  and  a  half  inches  iri  width. 
The  roll  consists  Of  seven  pieces  of  parchtnent 
stitched  together,  and  is  iti  as  godd  preserVatioti 
as  though  executed  but  yesterday.  The  curious 
designs  are  painted  vety  artistically,  arid  with 
tuost  elaborate  care ;  the  colours  are  bright  and 
Varied,  and  adorned  With  gold  and  silver,  laid  on 
in  the  way  peculiar  to  all  illuminated  works,  the 
secret  of  which  appears  riotv  to  be  lost.  A  fViend, 
well  versed  in  ancient  manuscripts,  conjectures 
the  date  of  this  production  to  be  a  few  y^ars  prior 
to  the  ReformatioH. 

To  give  a  lucid  description  of  thli  Guflbsity  is 
no  easy  matter ;  but,  in  the  absence  of  the  peticil's 
aid,  I  will  endeavour  to  give  an  idea  of  it  by  my 
pen. 

At  the  top  of  the  801*011,  in  a  Watihg  riband,  is 
printed  est  :  lapis  :  occvLTvs  :  Secre'to  :  fonte  : 

SEPVLTVS  :  FERMENTVM  :  VARIAT  :  LAPlt)ESt  :  QVl  : 

CVNCTA  :  coLORAT.  Then  Comes  the  uppet  por- 
tion of  the  figure  of  a  man,  with  a  white  Cap, 
btown  hair  and  beard,  and  robe  of  a  gtey  colour 
edged  with  pink,  bound  at  the  waist  by  a  pink 
sash.  This  figure  is  the  largest  on  the  roll,  mea- 
suring twehty-three  inches  from  the  top  of  the 
cap  to  the  ends  of  the  fingers.  He  carries  a  large 
double-handled  vessel,  eighteen  and  a  half  inches 
high,  partially  filled  with  a  wavy  light  fluid.  From 
the  stopper  proceeds  spots,  as  of  blood,  which  per- 
vade the  Vessel,  and  are  labelled  in  three  places, 
sPERiTYs  :  Anima.     Ill  the  neck  of  the  Vessel  a 


toad  is  spouting  forth  a  red  fluid,  five  feathers 
being  ranged  around.  On  the  handles  of  the 
vessel  is  Wfllten,  te  :  mvst  :  MAkE  :  wateiI  :  ol*  : 
t*  :  EAiEbTH  :  &  :  earth  :  of  :  y^  :  atr*:  :  &  :  ayre  : 
6t  :  t*  :  tiER  .  &  :  J-yer  :  dr  y"  :  eartH.  The 
body  of  the  vessel  Is  filled  with  eight  circular 
pictures,  ratiged  Itt  a  rltig.  They  dre  chained  to 
each  other,  and  are  also  attached  by  Chaifis  to  a 
book,  which  forttii  the  cehtfe  of  a  eeiitral  circular 
picture,  in  which  two  robed  figures,  appat-ently 
eedesiastics,  are  passing  their  hands  over  the 
chains,  and  clasping  the  book.  KoUnd  this  Is 
written  speritvs  :  AiJiMA  :  cofit'vs  ;  SpeJiITvs  : 
AnimA  :  cOrpVs  :  spEttlTVS  :  AqUa  i  of  i  Aqua  : 
Anima. 

The  eight  suri'OUndirig  cii'cles  are  thus  filled  : 

No.  1.  Two  nude  figut'eS,  appdl-ehtly  Adam  and 
Eve,  standing  on  a  greensWard,  with  the  tree  of 
life  behind  them.  In  the  sky  are  the  sun  and 
moon,  from  whence  flow  ted  streams  down  to  the 
breasts  of  the  man  and  woman.  A  bifd  is  flyitig 
from  the  tree.  By  the  man  stands  a  figUre  in  a 
short  blue  dress,  holding  a  ted  line  from  the  man  s 
head.  At  the  man's  feet  is  a  winged  dragon  ;  at 
the  feet  of  the  woman,  a  red  and  greeh  lion.  By 
the  woman  is  a  figure  in  red  and  yellow  drapery, 
with  something  like  wings  :  she  holds  an  upraised 
hammer,  as  though  about  to  strike  the  woman. 
This  picture  is  bound  to  the  central  picture,  not 
by  a  chain,  as  are  the  othei*  seVen,  but  by  a  band, 
on  Which  is  Written,  "  Prima-Matefia."  AroUnd 
the  picture  is  the  insci-iption,  "  SperitUs  .  Anima  . 
Corpvs  .  Leo  .  Rubens  .  Viridis.*' 

No.  2.  FoUr  friars  are  holding  att  alembic,  over 
a  circular  erection  haviilg  three  openings  in  the 
front,  which  is  repeated  in  the  other  six,  and 
which  I  will  call  a  furnace  :  on  it  is  written  "  So- 
lutio."  Within  the  alembic  ate  the  figures  of  thfe 
man  and  the  woman,  floating  in  a  light  substance, 
and  fused  together,  as  it  were,  at  the  legs*  Above 
them  is  a  bird,  and  drops  of  red  —  which  drops 
are  repeated  in  the  alembics  in  the  othet^  pictures. 
Around  is  the  inscription  ''The  .  SoUle  .  forsooth  . 
is  .  his  .  Sulpher  .  Not  .  Brenihge." 

No.  3.  The  figures  are  in  the  alemhlc,  as  be- 
fore, though  in  a  red  fluid ;  but  on  it  is  a  retort, 
from  which  proceeds  a  human  figure  standing  in 
a  vesica  piscis  of  gold,  with  the  bird  flyirig  towards 
three  smaller  alembics,  placed  upon  a  stand  near 
to  the  furnace,  on  which  is  written  "  blacke,"  and 
from  whose  door  proceeds  fire.  Three  friars  stand 
to  the  left,  with  upraised  hands  as  though  in  asto- 
nishment. Around  is  the  legend,  "  Acalido  .  &  . 
Humido  .  Primo  .  Ex  .  illls  .  Pasce  .  Quoniam  . 
Debilis  .  Sum." 

No.  4.  Three  friars  have  hold  of  the  alembic, 
in  which  are  the  figures  of  the  man  and  woman,  as 
before,  in  a  light  fluid,  and  with  a  bird  flying  over 
each.  On  the  furnace  is  inscribed  "  blacker,"  and 
on  the  stand  by  its  side  are  two  small  alembics, 


482 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°d  S.  No  5L,  Dec.  20.  '56. 


on  which  are  perched  a  bird  and  a  human  figure. 
Around  is  the  inscription  "  Leniter  .  Degestus  . 
Animatus  .  Sum  .  Exalta  .  Me  .  Grassioribus." 

No.  5.  One  friar  holds  the  alembic,  and  bears 
in  his  other  hand  a  smaller  alembic.  Three  other 
friars  kneel,  as  though  in  adoration.  Within  the 
large  alembic  are  the  figures  of  the  man  and 
woman  ;  though  here,  his  legs  are  twined  around 
hers,  and  she  stands  up  between  them  with  clasped 
hands.  Two  birds  fly  above  them.  On  the  fur- 
nace is  written,  "  &  :  blacker : ".  Around  is  the 
legend  "  Exalto  .  Sepera  .  Subtilia  .  Me  .  Vt  . 
Posim  .  Reducere  .  Ad  .  Simplex." 

No.  6.  The  figure  of  the  woman,  standing  up 
in  a  light  fluid,  is  the  only  figure  on  the  alembic. 
About  it  are  five  friars.  On  the  furnace  is 
"  white  :  "  ;  around  is  the  legend  "  Sitio  .  Deficio  . 
Pota  .  Me  .  Me  .  Albifica." 

No.  7.  In  the  alembic,  the  figure  of  the  woman, 
nude,  with  floating  hair,  and  hands  crossed  over 
her  breast.  Six  friars  stand  around,  three  of 
whom  hold  smaller  alembics.  On  the  furnace  is 
"white ;"  around  is  the  legend  "  Vidui  .  Sumus  . 
&  .  A  .  Dono  .  fopria  .  FLosatrNos  .  Ad  .  Spu  . 
Reduct  .  Vt  .  Corpus  .  Nos  .  Amplectatur  .  &  . 
Nobis  .  Fiat  .  Amicabille." 

No.  8.  The  woman  in  the  Alembic,  "as  in  the 
last.  Seven  friars  stand  around,  three  of  whom 
hold  small  alembics.  On  the  furnace  is  "  &  . 
white."  Around  is  the  legend  "  Leniter  .  Cum  . 
Igne  .  Amicabili  .  Fac  .  Vt  .  Aliqua  .  Viatentia  . 
Nos  .  Separare  .  Non  .  Possit." 

At  the  base  of  the  vessel  containing  these  pic- 
tures is  a  black  ellipse,  bordered  with  white,  on 
either  side  of  which  is  written,  "  y®  blacke  Sea :  y* 
blacke  luna:"  —  "y*  blacke  sea  :  y®  blacke  Soil :". 
At  the  foot  of  this,  in  red  letters,  is  heee  :  is  :  t"  : 
LAST  :  OF  :  T"  :  whit  :  stone  :  &  :  t"  :  begining  : 
or  :  T=  :  bed  :  stone. 
Then  follow  these  lines  : 

«  Of  the  Sunne  take  the  light 

The  red  Gum  that  is  so  bright 

And  of  the  Moone  doe  alsoe 

The  white  gum  there  keepe  to 

The  Philosophers  sulphurs  wife 

This  Ycald  withouten  strife 

Kibert  and  a  Kivert  I  celd  allso 

And  other  names  many  mo 

Of  him  draw  a  white  tincture 

And  make  them  a  Mariage  pure. 

Between  y«  husband  and  y«  wife 

Yspowsed  with  the  water  of  life 

But  of  this  water  you  must  beware 

Or  else  thy  worke  will  be  full  bare 

He  must  be  made  of  his  owne  kinde 

Marke  you  well  now  in  thy  minde 

Acetum  of  the  philosophers  men  call  this 

And  water  abiding  so  it  is 

The  Maids  Milk  of  the  dew 

That  all  our  worke  alone  renew. 
"  Terra  Stat  Vnda  Lauat  Pir. 

"  The  Spirit  of  life  called  allso 
And  other  names  many  moe 


The  which  causeth  our  generation 

Betwixt  the  Man  and  the  Woman 

Soe  lookt  that  there  be  noe  division 

Be  there  in  the  Coniuntion 

Of  the  Moone  and  of  the  Sonne 

After  the  Marriage  is  begun 

And  all  the  while  they  be  a  wedding 

Give  him  to  her  drinking 

Acetum  that  is  good  and  fine 

Better  to  him  than  any  wine 

Now  when  this  Marriage  is  done 

Phillosophers  call  this  a  stone 

The  which  hath  great  Nature 

To  bring  a  Stone  y'  is  pure 

Soe  he  have  kindly  nourishing 

Perfect  heate  and  decoction 

But  in  the  Matrix  where  the  bee  put 

Looke  never  the  vessell  be  unshut 

Till  they  have  ingendred  a  Stone 

In  all  the  woorld  is  not  such  a  one. 
"  Purgat  Spiritus  Intrat." 
Between  these  verses  is  represented  the  black 
opening  of  a  furnace  mouth,  from  the  upper  part 
of  which  is  issuing  golden  flame.  Below  this  are 
ten  substances  with  ramifications  (like  diagrams 
of  the  brain)  labelled  alternately  "  Spf "  and 
"  Aula."  From  this  descends  a  long-haired  human 
figure  with  the  legs  of  a  toad  (who  is  labelled 
Spr),  who  is  falling  down  upon  the  figure  of  a 
very  red  man,*standlng  (in  the  attitude  of  a  horn- 
pipe dancer)  in  a  golden  aureola.  In  the  left 
hand  corner  is  the  golden  head  of  the  sun,  with 
two  feathers  (labelled  Spf,  An^)  issuing  from  its 
mouth.  In  the  right  hand  corner  Is  the  silver 
crescent  moon,  with  three  feathers  crossed  and 
labelled  Spf,  Ana.  On  either  side  of  the  red  man 
is  a  figure  of  a  Friar,  with  an  inverted  Alembic, 
standing  in  a  turret,  labelled  "  2  Bibinge."  "  3, 
Bibinge."  There  are  five  other  similar  turrets, 
similarly  labelled,  divided  from  each  other  by 
battlemented  walls,  which  enclose  a  heptagonal 
space  filled  with  water,  labelled  Spr,  Ana.  In  the 
centre  of  this  grows  a  trunk  of  a  tree  (labelled 
Spr),  around  which  are  twined  two  vine  tendrils 
covered  with  bunches  of  grapes ;  this  trunk  is 
surmounted  by  the  red  man  aforesaid.  Standing 
nearly  up  to  their  knees  in  the  water,  and  holding 
on  to  the  vine  branches,  are  nude  figures  of  a  man 
(also  very  red)  and  a  woman,  both  labelled  "  Cor- 
pus." They  have  both  placed  their  mouths  to 
bunches  of  grapes  ;  by  the  man's  head  is  the  figure 
of  the  sun ;  by  the  woman's,  the  moon.  Of  the 
five  remaining  turrets,  three  are  filled  by  Friars, 
holding  up  alembics  ;  the  fourth  contains  a  robed 
figure  of  a  bearded  man  wearing  a  peaked  cap 
like  to  those  of  Henry  VI.'s  time,  and  holding  up 
an  alembic ;  while  the  fifth  contains  the  figure 
of  a  woman,  holding  an  inverted  alembic,  and 
wearing  a  turbaned  head-dress  (in  shape  not  un- 
like the  dome  of  St.  Paul's),  from  the  top  of  which 
falls  long  drapery,  passing  round  the  body,  and 
over  the  left  arm  —  like  the  lawn  falls  to  the 
head-dresses  of  ladies  in  Edward  IV.'s  reign.    All 


2»«i  S.  No  51.,  Dbo.  20.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


483 


round  about  the  turreted  heptagon  are  feathers, 
labelled  Spf  Aiia.  At  its  base  is  written  —  "  The 
White  See  :  The  White  Luna  :  The  White  Soil." 
Its  base  rests  on  an  ornamented  shaft,  on  which  is 
written  "  Terra  fier  Stat ; "  and  then  "  fyer  —  terra 
Terra."  This  shaft  is  embraced  by  a  bearded 
nude  figure,  labelled  "  Terra."  On  his  right  is 
the  nude  figure  of  a  winged  man  ;  on  his  left  the 
nude  figure  of  a  man  (labelled  Ana — oyle,)  stand- 
ing in  a  golden-rayed  aureola.  The  two  last 
figures  are  of  smaller  dimensions  than  the  central 
one ;  all  three  stand  nearly  up  to  their  knees  in  a 
reddish  fluid,  marked  Spr  Ana  ;  which  is  enclosed 
by  battlemented  walls,  ranged  in  the  form  of  a 
square.  Towers  are  at  the  four  corners ;  the 
first  labelled  "Terra  Stat;"  the  second  "Vnda 
Lauat ;  "  the  third  "  Pir  Purgat ;  "  and  the  fourth 
"  Spf  Intrat."  All  support  alembics,  respectively 
labelled  "Dry"  (with  a  dark  fluid):  "Cold;' 
(with  a  light  fluid)  :  "  Hot "  (with  flames)  :  and 
"Moyst"  (with  grey  fluid,  and  a  bird);  and  re- 
spectively surmounted  by  labels,  on  which  is 
printed  "  earth  —  water  —  ftbr  —  ayer."  In 
front  of  the  lowest  range  of  battlements  is  written 
"  The  Red  See  :  The  Red  Luna :  The  Red  Soil." 
Below  this  is  a  large  green  dragon  vomiting  a 
toad.  Beneath,  "Here  is  the  fume  Called  The 
Mouth  of  The  CoUkicke ; "  and  on  the  toad's  side, 
"  The  tininge  Venume."  On  a  scroll  beneath  is 
written :  — 

"  On  the  ground  there  is  a  hill 
Allso  a  Serpent  in  a  well 
His  Tayle  is  longe  with  wings  wide 
AUready  to  flye  by  euery  syde : 
Repayre  the  well  fast  about 
That  the  Serpent  gett  not  out 
For  if  that  he  bee  there  agone 
Thou  losest  the  Vertue  of  the  Stone 
What  is  the  Stone  thou  must  know  hero 
And  allsoe  the  well  that  is  soe  cleare 
And  what  is  the  Dragon  with  his  taj'le 
Or  else  thy  worke  shall  little  avayle 
The  well  must  bren  in  water  cleare 
Take  good  heede  for  this  thy  fyer 
The  fyre  with  water  Brente  shalbe 
And  water  with  fire  wash  shall  hee 
Thine  earth  on  fire  shal  be  pitt 
And  water  with  the  eyre  shalbe  knitt. 

"  Thus  you  shall  goe  to  putrifaction 
And  bringe  the  Serpent  to  redemptio 
First  he  shalbe  black  as  crow 
And  Downe  in  his  Dene  shall  lye  full  low 
Swolne  as  a  toade  y'  lyeth  on  the  ground 
Blast  with  bladers  sitting  soe  round 
And  shalbe  Burst  and  ly  full  plaj'ne 
And  thus  with  craft  the  Serpents  slayne 
He  shall  change  coUers  manj'  a  one. 
And  turne  as  whit  as  whall  by  bone 
With  the  water  hee  was  in 
Wash  him  cleane  from  his  sinn 
And  lett  him  drinke  alite  and  lite 
And  that  shall  make  him  fayre  and  whit 
The  which  whitnes  is  euer  abydinge 
Loe  here  is  the  very  full  linishing 


Of  the  white  Stone  and  the  red 
Here  truly  is  the  very  deede. " 

Beneath  the  scroll  bearing  these  lines  is  the 
mouth  of  a  furnace,  from  whence  issue  flames  ;  in 
front  of  it,  a  label  inscribed  "  Y®  Mouth  of  Col- 
rick  :  Beware"  ;  and,  on  either  side,  a  red  and 
green  dragon  rampant  ("  The  Red  Lyone  —  The 
Grene  Lyone.")  Beneath,  is  the  inscription : 
"  here  is  te  last  of  ye  red  and  ye  begining  to 

PYT   AWAYB   T»  dead   Tb   ELEXIR   VITA." 

Cuthbert  Bede,  B.A. 
(To  he  concluded  in  our  next") 


longevity  ; 


and    traditions    through   few 

LINKS. 


A  person  living  in  1847,  then  aged  about  sixty- 
one,  and  who  may  be  living  still,  was  frequently 
assured  by  his  father  that,  in  1786,  he  repeatedly 
saw  a  person  named  Peter  Garden,  who  died  in 
that  year  at  the  age  of  127  years  ;  and  who,  when 
a  boy,  heard  Thomas  Jenkins  give  evidence  in  a 
court  of  justice  at  York,  to  the  effect  that,  when 
a  boy,  he  was  employed  in  carrying  arrows  up  the 
hill  before  the  battle  of  Flodden  Field. 

The  battle  was  fought  in  -         -         -        -  1513 

Thomas   Jenkins   (who    is    mentioned    in 

Markham's  History  of  England)  died  a 

few  years  after  the  Great  Fire  of  London, 

at  the  age  of        -        -        -        -        -    169 
Deduct  for  his  age  at  the  time  of  the  battle 

of  Flodden  Field  -        -        - .      -        -      12 

157 

Peter  Garden,  the  man  who  heard  Thomas 

Jenkins  give  his  evidence,  died  at  -     127 

Deduct  for  his  age  when  he  saw  Jenkins  -      11 

The  person  whose  father  knew  Peter  Gar- 
den was  born  shortly  before  1786,  or  70 
years  since  ------ 

A.D.  1856 
So  that  a  person  living  in  ]  786  conversed  with 
a  man  who  knew  a  man  that  fought  at  Flodden 
Field. 

I  do  not  see  that  any  makers  of  Notes  on  re- 
markable instances  of  longevity  have  communi- 
cated to  the  columns  of  "N.  &  Q."  examples  from 
the  Scrope  and  Grosvenor  Roll  (edited  by  Sir 
Harris  Nicolas), — the  record  of  that  celebrated 
cause  in  the  reign  of  Richard  II.,  between  Richard 
Lord  Scrope  of  Bolton  and  Sir  Robert  Grosvenor, 
ancestor  of  the  present  Marquis  of  Westminster, 
for  the  right  to  bear  the  shield  "azure,  a  bend 
or;"  in  which  suit,  the  parties  interested  first 
appeared  at  Newcastle-upon-Tyne  before  Com- 
missioners of  the  Court  of  Chivalry,  on  Aug.  20, 
1385,  when  Richard  II.  was  in  the  north  on  his 
campaign  against  Scotland.  Amongst  the  depo- 
nents on  either  side  were  most  of  the  heroes  and 
statesmen  of  the  age ;  and  amongst  the  noble  and 


116 


70 


484 


NOTES  AND  QUEmES. 


[2««  B,  No  gl,,  Dec.  20.  '56. 


knightly  deponents  who  gave  evidence  in  the  fol- 
lowing year  (1386)  were  the  following  centena- 
rians :  viz.  — 

Sir  John  Sully,  Knight  of  the  Garter,  and  a 
distinguished  soldier  of  the  Cross,  a  venerable 
hero,  who  was  then,  by  bis  own  account,  105 
years  of  age,  and  had  served  for  eighty  years,  and 
been  in  all  the  principal  battles,  down  to  the  cam- 
paign of  Aquitaine.  He  is  supposed  to  have  died 
in  his  108th  year. 

Sir  John  Cliydioke,  ancestor  of  the  noble  fami- 
lies of  Arundel  of  Wardour  and  Stourton  of 
Stourton. 

And  (most  remarkable  of  all),  John  Thirlwall, 
an  esquire  of  an  ancient  Northumbrian  house, 
deposes  to  what  he  heard  from  his  father,  who 
died  forty- four  years  before,  at  the  age  of  145. 

Another  example  of  longevity  is  derived  fi'om 
a  parish  not  far  distant  from  Thirlwall  Castle,  and 
belonging  to  days  less  remote.  When  recently  at 
Irthington  (a  village  on  the  Cambrian  river  Ir- 
thing,  near  the  line  of  the  Romfvn  wftll),  I  saw  the 
register  of  the  burjal  qf  Rpbert  Bowman,  one  of 
the  most  remarkable  of  the  IppgrUved  yporaen  qf 
that  parish,  who  died  in  the  year  18.23  §t  \]ie  age 
of  118. 

I  conclude  with  a  Query :  it  relates  to  a  gemote 
but  memorable  personage  of  English  history, 
Edgar  Atheling.  Williani  of  Malmesbury  {Ge^tg. 
Reg.  Angl,  lib.  ii.  s.  228.)  speaks  of  him  as  living, 
after  his  many  reverses  of  fortune,  retired  in  the 
country,  in  old  age,  at  the  time  the  good  monk 
was  writing  bis  history  ;  which  he  is  supposed  to 
have  done  between  the  years  1114  and  1124-  His 
words  are  : 

"  Edgaro,  qui  post  occisionem  Haroldi  a  quibusdam  in 
regem  electus,  et  vario  lusu  fortunse  rotatus,  pene  decrepi- 
tum  diem  ignobilis  ruri  agit." 

It  was  in  1068,  that  the  illustrious  fiigitive,  wlio 
had  been  elected  king  by  the  Witan  at  London 
on  Harold's  death,  was  received  by  King  Malcolm 
in  Scotland,  where  he  seems  to  haye  remained 
until  1Q75,  when  he  embarked  on  his  ill-fated 
voyage  to  England,  and  was  conducted  to  Wil- 
liam in  Normandy,  by  whom  he  was  generously 
treated.  Eleven  years  afterwards  he  obtained 
pern^issipn  to  go  to  the  Holy  Land  ;  but,  in  1091, 
he  paid  the  penalty  of  his  attachment  to  Jipbert 
Duke  of  Normandy,  and,  being  deprived  of  his 
estates  in  Normandy  by  William  Rufus,  was  again 
driven  to  take  asylum  in  Scotland.  Now  it  has 
been  said  tliat  he  is  identical  with  the  Edgar 
Atheling  who  occurs  on  the  Great  Roll  of  the 
Pipe  for  the  year  1158  (4  Hen-  II.),  as  rendering 
account  in  Northumberland  for  twenty  marks  of 
silver;  and  on  the  same  Roll  for  1167  (13  Hen.  H.), 
as  rendering  account  for  two  marks ;  and,  if  so,  his 
age  at  that  time  cannot  be  t;aken  at  less  than  120 
years.  This  is  assuming  that  he  was  only  eight 
years  of  age  when,  in  1057,  he  was  brought  as  a 


child  tp  the  court  of  Harold.     Have  any  of  yow 

readers  Notes  elucidatory  of  this  point  ? 

Wm.  Sidney  Gibson. 
Tynetnouth,  l^ov.  1856. 


POPCLAIl    DEIiUSION. 

"  11  n'est  pas  raanvais  qu'il  y  ^;t  une  errettr  commune 
qui  fixe  I'esprit  des  hommes ;  par  exemple  de  la  Lune,  a, 
qui  on  attribue  changemens  des  temps,  le  progres  des 
maladies,  &c.  Car  quoi  qu'il  soit  faux  que  la  lune  fassa 
rien  a  tout  cela,  oela  ne  laisse  pas  de  guerir  rhomme  de 
la  curiosite  inquiete  des  choses  qu'il  ne  peut  savoir  qu; 
est  une  des  maladies  de  I'esprit  humain."  —  Pascal, 
qi^oted  in  Menagiann,  Amsterdam,  edit.  1683,  p.  303. 

It  is  singular  that  the  moon's  influence  both  in 
respect  to  changes  in  the  weather  and  in  diseases 
should  have  continued  so  long  prevalent  in  society, 
even  granting  it  had  been  only  since  Pascal's  time 
that  the  fallacy  of  the  doctrine  was  understood. 
How  many  sensible  people  at  the  present  day 
watch  the  moon's  change,  mark  her  new  appear? 
anoe,  and  from  her  different  phases  in  the  course 
of  the  month  indicate  to  themselves  the  regu- 
lation of  their  in-door  proceedings  and  out- door 
operations.  Notwithstanding  the  discoveries  of 
modern  science  and  the  light  of  a  rational  philoso- 
phy, such  persons  will  stiU  be  found  clinging  tq 
their  old  notions,  and  pursuing  the  same  course, 
reminding  us  of  "  Richard  Saunders  "  at  the  auc- 
tion. "  However,  I  resolved  to  be  the  better  for 
the  echo  of  it,  and  though  I  had  at  first  determined 
to  buy  stuff  for  a  new  coat,  I  went  avvay  resolved 
to  wear  my  old  one  a  little  longer."  To  speculate 
on  the  various  reasons  which  have  been  assigned 
for  this  state  of  things  would  be  an  endless  task. 
The  lessons  of  the  ancient  astrology  that  once 
ruled  mankind  so  extensively,  though  not  now 
formally  appealed  to,  have  no  doubt  bequeathed 
to  us  liberally  of  their  impressions,  and  a  century 
or  two  may  yet  elapse  before  these  become  entirely 
effaced.  Could  we  all,  like  the  ingenious  Pascal, 
possess  the  power  of  converting  a  superstition  into 
a  virtue,  we  might  remain  easy  in  our  ignorance, 
but  we  may  consider  it  more  safe  to  trust  to  such 
a  letter  as  the  following  which  lately  passed 
through  the  newspapers  between  a  gentleman  in 
Edinburgh  and  XMe  astronomical  professor  in  the 
University  of  Glasgow,  as  our  guide  :  — 

"  Observatory,  July  5,  1856.  Dear  Sir,  I  am  in  receipt 
of  your  letter  regarding  the  supposed  influence  of  the 
moon  on  the  weather.  You  are  altogether  correct.  No 
relation  exists  between  those  two  classes  of  phenomena. 
The  question  has  been  tested  and  decided  over  and  over 
again  by  the  discussion  of  long  and  reliable  meteorologi- 
cal tables,  nor  do  I  know  any  other  positive  way  of  testing 
anj'  such  point.  I  confess  I  cannot  account  for  the  origin 
of  the  prevalent  belief.  You  are  welcome  to  make  any 
use  you  please  of  this  note.     Yours  very  faithfully,  J.  P. 

NiCHOL." 

With  regard  to  the  moon's  influence  in  diseases, 


2nd  s.  N"  51.,  t)KO.  20.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


485 


corporeal  and  mental,  the  teachings  of  astrology 
are  certainly  of  a  most  extraordinary  kind.  To 
mention  but  a  small  portion  of  the  "  ills  flesh  are 
heir  to,"  of  which  Luna  gets  the  blame,  as  enume- 
rated in  Livre  D'Arcandam  par  Avger  JFerrier, 
Medecin,  Lyon,  1625,  would  of  itself  be  sufficient 
for  us  to  pray  that  she  might  be  obliterated  from 
the  face  of  heaven  : 

"Apostumes  de  matierea  humidea,  flstules,  imbecility 
d'estomach  et  de  reins,  folic  provenante  de  trop  aimer,  mal 
de  Naples  avee  ses  supposts,  et  de  venins  —  sur  I'eau,  sur 
le  phlegme,  sur  ses  sueurs,  et  semblables  superfluitez, 
vertigo  ou  tournement  de  tete,  legerete'  de  cerveau  sem- 
blable  a  folie,  folles  imaginations,  empeschemens  de 
langue,  phthisis,  excoriations  des  jambes,  pieds  et  mains, 
et  autres  qui  ont  causes  iatentes,  et  reviennent  par  cer- 
tain temps,"  &c. 

It  is  no  doubt  from  the  remnants  of  such  a 
wretched  philosophy  that  many  yet  will  not  ad- 
minister medicines  to  themselves,  nor  let  blood 
except  under  a  particular  state  of  the  moon.  I 
believe  no  intelligent  physician  would  now  hesitate 
to  prescribe  to  his  patient  till  he  had  consulted 
the  age  and  aspect  of  the  planet,  and  as  in  bodily 
diseases,  so  may  it  be  similarly  predicated  in  re- 
ference to  those  of  the  mind.  A  gentleman  of 
the  highest  information  who  had  long  the  super- 
intendence of  a  large  asylum  for  the  insane,  stated 
to  me  that  he  could  never  discern  any  difference 
in  the  condition  of  those  afflicted  with  this  malady 
when  the  moon  was  at  the  full  more  than  at  any 
other  of  her  periods,  and  that  he  had  no  faith  in 
the  common  dogmas  entertained.  This  being  the 
case,  may  not  such  phrases  as  "  lunatics "  and 
"  moon-struck  "  with  propriety  be  discarded  from 
our  language,  in  their  usual  acceptations  ?     G.  N. 


JESSE   ALTAR  IN   ST.  CUTHBEHT  S  CHURCH,  WEIXS. 

The  church  of  St.  Cuthbert  In  Wells  is  a  large 
building  chiefly  of  the  Third  Pointed  Period,  and 
consists  of  a  nave,  aisles,  chancel,  and  north  and 
south  transepts.  The  western  tower  is  known  as 
one  of  the  finest  examples  of  tower  architecture 
in  Somersetshire.  On  each  side  of  the  chancel, 
and  in  each  transept,  are  chantry  chapels  with 
separate  dedications.  In  the  year  1848,  Mr.  H. 
Powell,  the  then  churchwarden,  commenced  some 
extensive  restorations,  and  in  the  course  of  his 
labours  made  some  most  interesting  discoveries. 
Against  the  eastern  wall  of  each  of  the  transeptal 
chapels  were  found  reredos,  brought  to  light  on 
removing  the  plaster  from  the  walls.  Each  re- 
redos consisted  of  tiers  of  niches  with  canopies, 
&c.,  the  sculptured  ornaments  of  which  were  of 
the  richest  and  most  elegant  designs.  That  in  the 
south  transept  was  apparently  of  a  later  date  than 
the  other,  and  not  so  elaborate  in  its  details.  It 
was  intended  to  illustrate  the  genealogy  of  our 
Lord,    At  the  base  was  the  recumbent  figure  of 


Jesse,  from  whose  body  the  stem  could  be  traced, 
and  no  doubt  ran  through  the  whole  series  of 
statues  which  formerly  stood  in  the  niches  above. 
The  figure  of  Jesse  was  boldly  and  beautifully 
carved ;  but  portions  of  this,  as  well  as  the  orna- 
mental canopies,  &c.,  where  they  projected  from 
the  wall,  had  been  chopped  off,  the  figures  broken 
into  fragments,  thrown  into  the  niches,  and  then 
plastered  over,  so  as  to  present  an  even  surface, — 
an  example  of  the  mischiefs  effected  by  the  icono- 
clastic Vandals  of  the  Reformation.  Nothing  was 
known  of  the  history  of  these  beautiful  remains 
until  a  short  time  since,  when  the  following  cu- 
rious document  was  found  among  the  city  re- 
cords :  — 

"  The  Model  of  ye  Blessed  Virgin's  Alter  Piece. 

"An  Indenture  made  betwixt  M' William  Vowell,  Master 
of  y®  Towne  of  Wells,  Willyam  Stekylpath  and  Thomas 
Coorset  of  the  one  parte  (Chosen  Wardens  for  Our 
Ladye's  Alter)  and  John  Stowell  ffreemason  of  the  othor 
parte ;  For  the  makinge  of  the  frounte  of  the  Jesse  at 
our  Ladyes  Alter  at  St.  Cuthbert's  Church  in  Welles 
aforesaide. 

"  This  Indenture  made  at  Welles  in  the  Shire  of  Somer- 
set y8  25"'  daye  of  Feby  in  y"  yeare  of  our  Lord  1470  and 
y«  yeare  of  Kinge  Henrye  y<=  VI  from  y=  beginninge  49 
betweene  M''  William  Vowell  Master  of  y®  City  of  Welles, 
William  Stekylpath  and  Thomas  Coorset,  Wardens  of  our 
Ladye's  Alter  in  the  Church  of  St.  Cuthbert  in  Welles 
foresaid  on  that  one  parte,  and  John  Stowell  of  Welles 
foresaid  ffreemason  on  that  other  parte.  Witnesseth  that 
the  said  John  Stowell  hath  take  to  make  and  shall  make 
or  do  to  be  made  well  sufficientlye  and  workemanly  and 
pleymorlj'  performe  and  within  16  Moneths  next  suing 
the  date  of  this  Indenture.  All  the  Workmanshipp  and 
Masonry  Crafte  of  a  Frounte  Innynge  to  y*  Alter  of  our 
Ladye  within  y«  Charche  of  St.  Cuthbert  in  Welles  fore- 
said in  ye  South  He  of  the  same;  The  which  Frounte 
shall  extend  in  breadth  fro  the  Koyne  of  the  Arch  beinge 
the  North  parte  of  the  said  Alter  unto  the  Augill  beinge 
in  yo  south  side  of  the  Alter  foresaide.  Alsoe  y*  said 
Frounte  shall  arise  in  heighte  from  the  groundinge  of  y° 
saide  Alter  unto  the  Wall  plate  of  y  yle  foresaid  or  else 
littlelake  so  as  it  may  moste  convenyentlye  be  propor- 
tioned and  moste  stablish'd.  In  which  Frounte  shal 
stand  three  stagis  of  Imagery  accordinge  to  y"  geneology 
of  our  Ladye  wy th  theire  basyngs,  hovelis  and  tabernaclis, 
well  and  workmanlye  made  and  wroughte.  There  shal 
alsoe  arise  from  the  basyngs  of  y"  said  Frounte  by- 
twene  Image  and  Image,  Coorses  well  and  workemanlye 
wroughte  trayles  runninge  in  the  said  Coorses  accordinge 
to  the  workes  foresaid  with  two  wyngis  comyinge  out 
from  the  said  frounte  after  the  bredth  of  the  Alter,  freight 
with  Imagery  such  as  can  be  thought  by  the  Master  and 
his  brothers  moste  accordinge  to  the  story  of  y«  saide 
frounte.  In  y"  lowest  p'te  of  y®  whiche  stagis  shall  be  a 
Jesse ;  the  which  Jesse  shall  linially  runne  from  Image 
to  Image  through  all  the  foresaid  frounte  and  coorses  as 
workmanly  as  it  can  be  wroughte.  To  all  the  whiche 
workes  and  businesse  the  foresaid  John  Stowell  shall 
finde  or  do  finde  all  maner  of  StufFe,  as  well  freeston  fair 
and  profitable  as  rough  stone,  lyme,  sand,  yron,  lead  and 
scafold  Tymber  and  all  other  stuffe  necessary  to  the  said 
workis  to  be  had.  For  the  which  workmanship  and 
stuffe  as  it  is  above  writ  the  foresaid  John  Stowell  shall 
have  and  receyve  of  the  said  Maister  or  Wardens  or 
theire  deputies  Forty  poundes  in  good  and  lawful  moaey 


486 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2n<is.  N-Sl.,  Dkc.  20.'66. 


of  England,  in  suchewise  and  at  suche  tymes  as  it  saj'th 
hereafter :  First  at  the  sealinge  of  this  Indenture,  forty 
shillinges  and  after  that  weekly  as  it  may  be  understood 
that  the  worke  goeth  forth.  All  the  residue  to  be  paid  at 
the  end  of  the  foresaid  weeks,  save  alwayes  before  that 
the  said  Maister  and  Wardens  have  remayninge  in  their 
hands  till  the  foresaid  workis  bee  perfectlj'e  ended  five 
pounds.  For  all  the  whiche  Covenants  well  and  trulj'e  to 
be  performed  the  said  John  Stowell  bindeth  himselfe  his 
eyres  and  his  executors  by  obligation  in  Twenty  pounds 
to  be  payd  to  y«  said  Mr.  William  Vowell  or  to  his 
assignees  so  that  the  saj'd  John  breake  an)'  of  the  Cove- 
nants foresaid.  In  witnesse  whereof  the  said  partys  fore- 
said have  putt  theire  seales  &c." 

Ina. 


THE    TWELVE    SIXES    OF    MAN  S    LIFE. 

I  copy  the  following  quaint  and  curious  verses 
from  a  Salisbury  Primer,  with  this  title  : 

"  This  prymer  of  Salysbury  vse  is  set  out  a  long  witli- 
outony  serchyng,  with  many  prayers,  and  goodlj'  pyc- 
tures  in  the  kalender,  in  the  matyns  of  our  lady,  in  the 
houres  of  the  crosse,  in  the  vii  psalmes,  and  in  the  dyrge. 
And  be  newly  enpryted  at  Parys.  M,D,xxxiij." 

It  is,  of  course,  black  letter.    Each  month  in  the 
calendar  at  the  beginning  has  a  verse  on  a  separate 
page,  embellished  with  an  appropriate  woodcut. 
"  Janvarivs. 

The  fyrst  vi.  yeres  of  manes  byrth  and  aege. 

May  well  be  compared  to  Janyuere. 

For  in  this  month  is  no  stregth  no  courage. 

More  than  in  a  chylde  of  the  aege  of  vi.  yere. 

"  Febrvarivs. 
The  other  vi  yeres  is  lyke  Febrvary. 
In  the  ende  ther  of  begynneth  thesprynge. 
That  tyme  chyldren  is  moost  apt  and  redy. 
To  receyue  chastysement,  nurture,  and  lernj'nge. 

"  Martivs. 
Marche  betokeneth  te  vi  yeres  folowj'nge. 
Arayeng  the  erthe  wt  pleasaunt  verdure. 
That  season  youth  careth  for  nothynge. 
And  without  thought  dooth  his  sporte  and  pleasure. 

"  Aprilis. 
The  next  vi  yere  maketh  foure  and  twenty. 
And  fygured  is  to  ioly  Apryll. 
That  tyme  of  pleasures  man  hath  moost  plenty. 
Fresshe  and  louyng  his  lustes  to  fulfyll. 

"  Mayvs. 

As  in  the  month  of  Maye  all  thyngis  in  myght. 
So  at  XXX  yeres  man  is  in  chyef  lykyng. 
Pleasaunt  and  lusty  to  euery  mannes  syght. 
In  beaute  and  strength  to  women  pleasyng. 

"  Jvrdvs. 
In  June  all  thyng  falleth  to  rypenesse. 
And  so  dooth  man  at  xxxvi  yere  olde. 
And  studyeth  for  to  acquyere  rychesse. 
And  taketh  a  wyfe  to  kepe  his  householde, 

"  Jvlivs. 
At  xl  yere  of  aege  or  elles  neuer. 
Is  ony  man  endewed  with  wx'sdome. 
For  than  sortlion  iiis  myght  fayleth  euer. 
As  in  July  dooth  euery  blossome. 


"  Avgvstvs. 
The  goodes  of  the  erthe  is  gadred  euermore. 
In  August  so  at  xlviij  yere. 
Man  ought  to  gather  some  goodes  in  store. 
To  susteyne  aege  that  than  draweth  nere. 

"  September. 
Lete  no  ma  thynke  for  to  gather  piety. 
Yf  at  liiij  he  haue  none. 
Nomore  than  yf  his  barne  were  empty. 
In  Septembre  whan  all  the  come  is  gone. 

"  October. 
By  Octobre  betokeneth  Ix  yere. 
That  aege  hastely  dooth  man  assaj'le. 
Yf  he  haue  ought  than  it  dooth  appere. 
To  lyue  quyetiy  after  his  trauayle. 

"  November, 
Whan  man  is  at  Ixvi  yere  olde. 
Whiche  lykened  is  to  bareyne  Nouebre. 
He  wereth  onweldy,  sekely,  and  colde. 
Than  his  soule  helth  is  tj'me  to  remebre. 

"  December. 
The  yere  by  Decebre  taketh  his  ende. 
And  so  dooth  man  at  thre  score  and  twelue. 
Nature  with  aege  wyll  In'm  on  message  sende, 
The  tyme  is  come  that  he  must  go  \\jva.  selue." 

Henrt  Kensington. 


Mixiav  ^att^i. 

Proverbs  as  illustrating  National  Character.  — 
As  commentary  upon  Bacon's  remark,  "  The 
genius,  wit,  and  spirit  of  a  nation  are  discovered 
by  their  proverbs,"  may  I  propose  a  collection  of 
proverbs  illustrative  of  national  and  local  charac- 
teristics ?  I  collect  the  following  (e.  g-.)  from  the 
pages  of  D'Israeli : 

Roman  (applied  to  their  last  stake  at  play).     "Rem  ad 

triarios  venisse."     (Military.) 
Hebrew.     "  When  the  tale  of  bricks  is  doubled,  Moses 

comes."    (Historical.^ 
Arab.    "  Vinegar  given  is  better  than  honey  bought." 

(Showing  poverty.) 
Briton  (early).  "  The  cleanly  Briton  is  seen  in  the  hedge." 

(Agricultural.) 
Chinese.     "A  grave  and  majestic  outside  is  the  palace  of 

the  soul."     (Civilised.) 
Bengalese.     "  He  who  gives  blows  is  a  master,  he  who 

gives  none  is  a  dog."     (Slavish.) 
Spanish.     "  Con  el  rej'  y  la  inquisicion,  chiton  I  "    With 

the  king  and  the  inquisition,  hush !     (Oppressed.) 
Venetian.     "  Pria  Veneziani,  poi  Christiane."    First  Ve- 
netian, and  then  Christian.     (Mistaken  patriotism  ?) 
Italian.     "II  viso  sciolto,  ed  i  pensieri  stretti."    An  open 

countenance  but  close  thoughts.     (Cunning.) 
French.     "  Tel  coup  de  langue  est  pire  qu'un  coup   de 

lance."    The  tongue  strikes  more  than  the  lance. 
Scotch.     "  Fools  make  feasts,  and  wise  men  eat  them." 

(Selfish  closeness.) 
Japanese.     "A   fog   cannot   be    dispelled   with   a    fan." 

(Drawn  from  frequent  objects.) 

To  take  examples  from  England  : 

Isle  of  Man.     "  As  equallj' as  the  herring-bone  lies  be- 
tween the  two  sides." 


2n<J  S.  N"  51.,  Dec.  20.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


487 


Cheshire.    "  Better  wed  over  the  raixon  than  over  the 

moor." 
Cornivall.    "  Those  who  will  not  be  ruled  by  the  rudder 

must  be  ruled  by  the  rock." 

Thbelkeld. 

Letter  Writers.  —  Artists  have  gratified  us  with 
their  representations  of  the  Italian  letter-writer, 
the  Spanish,  the  oriental,  and  others.  Why  should 
the  profession  be  unknown  in  this  country  ?  In 
a  market  town  or  large  village,  if  a  worthy  in- 
dividual, backed  by  influential  friends,  would 
boldly  display  the  inscription,  '•'^  Letters  written 
here,  charge  one  penny"  a  sufficient  remuneration 
would  probably  be  soon  obtained.  C.  T. 

"  Bell  Bastard"  a  term  of  reproach,  —  The 
illegitimate  child  of  a  woman  who  is  herself  illegi- 
timate, is  styled  by  the  vulgar  in  this  town  and 
neighbourhood,  a  "  bell  bastard."  Can  this  term 
of  reproach  have  the  same  etymological  significa- 
tion as  the  phrase  "  to  bear  away  the  bell,"  in  re- 
spect of  its  chief  and  crowning  ignominy  ? 

John  Pavin  Phillips. 

Haverfordwest. 

A  Lesson  for  Laureates.  —  In  rWaller  &  Sons 
Autograph  Catalogue,  among  a  number  of  interest- 
ing articles  appears  the  following : 

"401.  Wordsworth  (William),  the  Poet.  Autograph 
distich,  with  attestation  by  himself: 

*  The  God  of  Love,  ah  benedicit^. 

How  naughty  and  how  great  a  Lord  is  he ! ' 

'  This  is  my  favourite  autograph  for  ladies,'  signed  Wil- 
liam Wordsworth,  Rvdal  Mount,  April  26,  1826." 

T.  W. 

Ancient  Cheshire  Games  (circ.  1 630.)  — 

"  Auntient  customs  in  games  used  by  boys  and  girles  merity 

•  sett  out  in  verse. 

"  Any  they  dare  chalenge  for  to  throw  4ihe  sleudge. 
To  Jumpe  or  leape  over  dich  or  hedge. 
To  wrastle,  play  at  stooleball,  or  to  Kuntie, 
To  pich  the  barre,  or  to  shoote  off  a  Gonne, 
To  play  at  Loggets,  nine  holes,  or  ten  pinnes, 
To  trye  it  out  at  footeball,  by  the  shinnes. 
At  Tick  tacke,  Irish,  noddy,  maw  and  Ruffe, 
At  hott  cockley,  leape  frogge,  or  blindmans  buffe. 
To  drinke  the  halph  potts  or  deale  at  the  whole  can. 
To  play  at  chesse  or  pen  and  ink  horn  John, 
To  daunce  the  morris,  play  at  barley  breake. 
At  all  exployts  a  man  can  think  or  speake, 
At  shove  groate,  or  venterpoynte  or  crosse  and  pile, 
At  beshrow  him  that's  last  at  any  style. 
At  leapinge  ore  a  Christmase  eve  bonefier 
Or  at  the  drawinge  danne  out  of  the  myer, 
At  Shoote  Cocke,  gregory,  stoole  ball  and  what  not, 
Pickepoynt  topp  and  scourge  to  make  him  hott." 

Randle  Holmes's  MSS.  Brit.  Mus. 

Z.  z 

'■'■Knowledge  is  Power."  —  I  send  you  a  happy 
epigram,  struck  off*  many  years  ago  by  no  less  a 
person,  I  believe,  than  the  present  Archbishop  of 
Dublin,  when  a  resident  at  Oriel  College,  Oxford. 


A  student  having  been  somewhat  officiously  in- 
terfered with  by  a  Proctor  of  the  College  of  All 
Souls,  and,  as  it  seemed,  unjustly  fined  for  the 
offence  of  frequenting  taverns,  when  it  seemed 
that  he  had  been  there  only  in  search  of  a  parcel 
which  was  to  come  by  the  coach,  was  waited  upon 
by  the  friends  of  the  supposed  delinquent  and 
expostulated  with,  but  to  no  purpose.  The  only 
answer  received  was  :  "I  have  the  power  to  fine 
him,  and  I  shall  do  so."  This  being  mentioned  to 
the  Archbishop  produced  the  following  lines  : 

" '  Knowledge  is  Power,'  so  saith  the  learned  Bacon, 
And  sure  in  that,  the  Sage  was  not  mistaken ; 
But  happy  would  it  be  for  All  Souls'  College, 
If,  on  the  contrary.  Power  gave  Knowledge." 

The  sting  of  the  epigram,  which  was  sufficiently 
sharp  forty  years  ago,  has  long  since  lost  its  point. 

R.  W.  B. 


<!SL\xttiti. 


QUBEIES    EESPECTINQ    CEBTAINT   THEOSOPHISTS   AND 
MYSTICS. 

1 .  Cmiahs  Rhodiginus.  —  The  Lectionum  An^ 
tiquarum  Libri  Triginta  has  long  been  a  favourite 
with  me  as  a  vast  repertory  of  profound  and  va- 
luable learning ;  and  I  would  fain  know  some- 
thing about  the  compiler  or  compilers ;  for  it 
appears  that  Vindex  Ceselius  originally  compiled 
these  "Commentaries,"  and  thatCaslius  of  Rhodes 
re-arranged,  enlarged,  and  re-edited  them. 

The  title  of  the  Aldine  edition  (Venetiis,  mdxvi.), 
which  in  that  of  Geneva  (1620)  is  given  in  its 
proper  place  as  the  advertisement  Ad  Lectorem,  is 
worth  quoting : 

"  Sicuti  Antiquarum  Lectionum  Commentarios  concin- 
narat  olira  Vindex  Ceselius;  Itanunceosdem  per  incuriam 
interceptos  reparavit  Lodovicus  CcbHus  Rhodiginus,  in 
corporis  unam  velut  molem  aggestis  primum  linguao 
utriusque  floribus ;  mox  advocato  ad  partes  Platone  item 
ac  Platonicis  omnibus,  necnon  Aristotele  ac  Haereseos 
ejusdem  viris  aliis,  sed  et  Theologorum  plerisque,  ac  Jure- 
consultorum,  ut  Medicos  taceam,  et  Mathesin  professos. 
Ex  qua  velut  Lectionis  farragine  explicantur  linguae 
Latinae  loca,  quingentis  baud  pauciora  fere,  vel  aliis  in- 
tacta,  vel  pensiculate  parum  excussa.     Opto  valeas,  qui 

leges,  livore  positO,  oCtij  yap  aVTint\apyS><Ti,t  i(covrj." 

The  last  and  best  edition  of  this  noble  work  * 
with  which  I  am  acquainted,  is  that  of  Geneva, 
1620,  a  stout  folio  of  1720  numbered  columns,  or 
860  closely  printed  pages.     It  is  thus  entitled  : 

"Ludovici  Caelii  Rhodigini  Lectionum  Antiquarum 
Libri  Triginta,  Recogniti  ab  auctore,  atque  ita  locupletati, 
ut  tertia  plus  parte  auctiores  sint  redditi :  Ob  omnifariam 
Abstrusarum  et  Reconditiorum  tam  jerum  quam  vocum 
explicationem  (quas  vix  unius  hominis  aetas,  libris  per- 
petuo  insudans,  observaret)  merito  Comucopiae  seu  The- 
saurus utriusque  linguae  appellandi." 

'  There  is  another  edition  which  I  have  not  met  with, 
viz.  Francof.    1666,  folio. 


468 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  61.,  Deo.  20. '56,, 


2.  Thomas  Wilms,  M.D.— Samuel  Pordage 
ttanslated  "  all  the  Medical  Works  of  that  Re- 
nowned Ph;j'8ician,"  and  published  them  under  the 
title>  Practice  of  Phj/si&,  Lond.  1681,  folio. 
Pordage  also  translated  his  De  Ardma  Brutorum, 
Oxon.°1672,  4to., —  Two  Discourses  concerning 
the  Soul  of  Brutes^  which  is  that  of  the  Vital  and 
Sensitive  of  Man,  ^c,  1683,  folio.* 

I  shall  be  glad  to  get  any  particulars  respecting 
Dr.  Willis,  and  the  title  of  any  other  philosophical 
or  miscellaneous  work  by  him.  I  see  that  Dr. 
Greenhili,  the  editor  of  that  excellent  series  of 
Medical  Ethics  and  Biography  issued  from  Ox- 
ford, contemplates  a  life  of  Willis,  and  is  desirous 
of  information  on  the  subject. 

3.  Thomas  Trton,  M.D,— Tryon,  like  Cheyne, 
was  distinguished  by  his  love  of  dietetics  and 
mystical  writers ;  like  Cheyne,  too,  he  was  very 
fond  of  appearing  original,  and  disliked  quoting 
or  referring  to  the  source  of  his  eccentric  flijjhts. 
Both  writers  were  well  read  in  Bohme  and  Poiret, 
and  neither  acknowledge  their  obligations  ;  both 
were  more  or  less  Pythagoreans  in  doctrine. 
Tryon  affected  an  uncouth  and  cumbrous  phraseo- 
logy, and  was  tinctured  with  that  chemical  theology 
which  disfigured  Bijhme.  In  his  chief  work 
(Knowledge  of  a  Man's  Self)  the  three  ideas  he  is 
always  harping  on  are,  1.  The  Seven  Fountain 
Spirits  (which  he  stole  from  Bohme,  as  Cheyne 
did  the  Doctrine  of  the  Three  Principles)  ;  2.  An 
insane  notion  that  the  gist  of  philosophy  and  self- 
culture  lies  in  diet,  or  what  We  eat  and  drink  ; 
3.  The  power,  blessedness,  and  glory  of  silence, 
which  he  enlarges  on  in  a  way  that  would  delight 
(or,  perhaps,  has  often  delighted)  the  heart  of  Mr. 
Carlyle. 

Tryon  was  a  voluminous  writer,  and  it  is  not 
worth  while  giving  a  list  of  his  writings,  of  which 
I  have  a  tolerably  complete  collection. 

I  shall  feel  much  obliged  to  any  one  who  will 
Bell  or  lend  me  Memoirs  of  Thomas  Tryon,  Lond. 
1705,  18mo.,  or  give  me  a  sketch  of  his  life ;  es- 
pecially as  Tryon  is  not  included  in  Dr.  Green- 
hill's  list  of  proposed  biographies. 

4.  Thomas  Beomley,  a  member  of  Pordage's 
Philadelphian  Society,  was  born  at  Upton-upon- 
Severn  in  Worcestershire,  and  — 

"became  a  member  of  All-Souls  College  in  Oxford, 
whea  Grod  wa«  pleased  to  reveal  His  Son  ia  him,  and 
to  make  great  and  glorious  discoveries  of  Himself  unto 
him,  such  as  it  may  be,  should  they  be  here  related,  some 
would  scarce  be  able  to  understand  or  bear.  And  from 
that  time  ...  he  became  a  true  minister  of  the  Gospel, 
not  of  the  letter  but  of  the  Spirit." 

He  died  in  1691.  This  scanty  notice  is  gleaned 
in  part  from  the  publisher's  preface  to  — 

*  I  have  seen  the  Theophisical  Alchemy,  Lond.  1616, 
Svo.,  of  a  namesake,  attributed  to  Dr.  Willis ;  but  erro- 
neously, as  he  was  not  born  until  1622.  What  is  known 
of  the  other  Thomas  Willis  ? 


«  The  Way  to  the  Sabbath  of  Rest :  or  the  Soul's  Pro- 
gress in  the  Work  of  the  New  Birth.  To  which  are  now 
added.  Two  Discourses  of  the  Author  never  before  printed, 
viz.  The  Journeys  of  the  Children  of  Israel,  as  in  their 
Names  and  Historical  Passages  they  comprise  the  great 
and  gradual  Work  of  Regeneration.  And  A  Treatise  of 
Extraordinary  Divine  Dispensations,  under  the  Jewish 
and  Gospel  Admihistrations ;  with  the  Various  Ways  of 
God's  manifesting  Himself  to  Man.  By  Mr.  Thomas 
Bromley.    London:  1761,  pp. 252,,  sm.  8vo." 

The  Sabbath  of  Rest  had  been  printed  before, 
Lond.  1710,  Svo.,  and  Lond.  1730,  12mo. 

The  publisher  of  the  three  treatises  which  ap- 
peared in  1761  informs  the  reader  — 

"  that  the  Author  has  left  several  other  excellent  Spiritual 
Discourses  behind  him,  which,  if  this  be  well  received,  are 
intended  to  be  made  public  for  the  use  of  the  Church  in 
her  present  wilderness  condition." 

Have  any  of  them  been  published  ?  *■ 
5.  Author   or   "  Memoirs  of  a  Deist,"    &c. 
—  Who  wrote  the  remarkable  work  thus   enti- 
aed?  — 

"  Memoirs  of  a  Deist,  written  first  a.d.  1793-4 ;  being 
a  Narrative  of  the  Life  and  Opinions  of  the  Writer,  until 
the  period  of  his  Conversion  to  the  Faith  of  Jesus  Christ, 
which  took  place  in  the  course  of  the  Developments  of  an 
Essay  written  by  the  Deist,  to  prove  that  pure  Deism  was 
the  only  true  Religion.  (Luke,  viii.  16.;  Ps.  Ixvi.) 
London.    Hatchards,  1824,  pp.  227,  8vo." 

The  preface  contains  a  letter  from  the  well-known 
John  Newton  to  the  author,  dated  Nov.  1796  ;  and 
it  appears  that  by  his  advice  the  Memoir  was  cut 
down  to  half  the  original  size.  The  writer  was 
born  in  the  year  1736  or  1757,  and  weht  out  to 
India  as  a  cadet  in  the  Company's  service  in  1776. 
The  Memoirs  evince  a  strong  predilection  for 
mathematical  science,  united  with  an  extraor- 
dinary aptitude  for  idealism  and  analogy. 

In  1826  or  1827  our  anonymous  author  pub- 
lished the  first  of  a  series  of  Essays  on  Universal 
Analogy  between  the  Natural  and  the  Spiritual 
Worlds,  —  "flssay  I.  Sect.  1.,  Parallel  between 
the  Soul  and  Body  of  Man."  I  have  advertised 
for  this  work,  but  have  not  yet  succeeded  in 
getting  a  copy  of  it,  which  I  am  very  anxious  for. 
The  second  section  of  Essay  I.  was  published  in 
1828,  with  this  title: 

"  Essays  on  the  Universal  Analogy  bet\veen  the  Na- 
tural and  the  Spiritual  Worlds,  as  applicable  to  the  Pa- 
rallels of  the  following  Subjects : 
Essay  I.  Sect.  1.  —  Parallel  between  the  Soul  and  Body 

of  Man.  —  Sect.  2.  Parallel  between  the  Terraqueous 

Globe,  including  its  Atmosphere,  and  the  Soul  and 

Body  of  Man. 
Essay  II.  —  Parallel  between  America  North  and  South, 

Natural  and  Spiritual. 
Essay  III.—  Parallel  between  Mexico  and  Peru,  Natural 

ancl  Spiritual. 

*  I  am  not  within  reach  at  present  of  any  bibliogra- 
phical works  or  books  of  reference.  In  Mr.  Barry's  forth- 
coming work  on  Thi  Engiish  Myotics,  I  trust  Thomas 
Bromley  may  find  due  consideration.  Cf.  "  N.  &  Q.,"  2'^^ 
S.  i.  93. 


2°<»  S.  No  51,,  Dec.  20.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


489 


Essay  IV.  — Parallel  between  Magnetism  and  Electricity, 
Natural  and  vSpiritual. 

Essay  V.  —  I'arallel  between  Geometry  Aiid  Plane  Trigo- 
nometcy,  Natural  and  Spirlti^al. 

Essay  VI.  —  Pai-allel  betweett  Cliettlfstry  Natliral  ftrid 
Spiritual. 

Essay  VII.  —  An  Analogic  Comrneutary  on  the  Pro- 
phecies of  the  1260  Years,  as  contained  in  the  DisBerta- 
tions  of  the  Rev.  G.  S.  Faber. 

Essay  I.    Section  2; 

By  the  Author  of  Meihoirs  of  a  Deist. 

LondoJi    Hatchards,  1828,"  pp.  357,  Svtt^ 

In  this  essay  tlae  author,  assisted,  as  it  appears, 
solely  by  the  analogical  bias  of  his  own  mind,  the 
Bible,  and  some  scietitific  works,  arrives  at  much 
the  same  conclusions  with  the  Mystics,  especially 
Bohme  and  Swedenborg,  without  impugning  the 
orthodox  faith  ;  and  many  parts  of  it  remind  one 
of  Dr,  Cheyne's  PlulonopMcal  Priii'ciples  of  lie- 
ligion^  Natural  and  Revealed. 

The  six  remaining  essays,  or  most  of  thertij 
were  written  and  prepared  for  the  press,  as  they 
are  frequently  quoted  and  referred  to,  but  they 
were  never  published.  I  should  be  very  glad  to 
know  if  the  MSS.  be  still  in  existence,  and  I  much 
regret  their  not  having  been  published,  especially 
Essays  IV.  V.  and  VI. 

6.  Thomas  TAixtift.  Few  people  know  biore 
of  "Taylor  the  Platonist,"  or  "Taylor  the 
Pagan,"  as  he  is  sometimes  called,  than  that  he 
was  a  self-taught  man,  who  devoted  hitttsielf  for 
forty  yeats  or  more,  with  incessant  application,  to 
the  study  of  the  Platdnists,  and  especially  the 
Later  or  Alexandrian  Platonists ;  and  that  he 
threw  himself  Vvith  such  spirit  and  enthusiasm 
into  his  studies,  and  gave  up  his  tnind  so  entirely 
in  this  one-sided  pursuit,  that  at  length  he  eili- 
braced  this  refihed  aild  philosophical  Paganisiti  as 
his  ineligion ;  for  Taylor,  as  for  Goethcj  Hegel, 
and  others*,  the  fascinating  mythc^ogy  of  ancient 


*  "  There  are  four  things,"  sa3's  Goethe,  "  that  I  detest 
equally,—  tobacco  and  bells,  bugs  and  Cliristianit_v."  This 
sentiment,  according  to  La  Libel-te  de  Pensc);  "is  the 
most  natural  expression  of  the  invincible  repugnance  that 
the  Olympic  Jupiter  of  modern  times  felt  towards  the 
aesthetic  Christian.  It  is  by  instinct  Goethe  hales  the 
moral  revolution  which  has  substituted  the  pale  and 
sickly  Virgin  for  thfe  antique  Venus ;  and  for  the  ideal 
perfection  of  thfe  Human  Body,  represented  by  the  Gods 
of  Greece,  the  meagre  image  of  a  Crucified  Slan  whoSfe 
limbs  are  distorted  by  four  nails.  After  this  it  is  not 
surprising  that  we  find  the  colossal  head  of  Jupiter  placed 
before  his  bed  and  turned  towards  the  rising  sun,  in  ordet 
that  he  may  address  his  morning  prayers  to  him  on 
waking.  Inaccessible  alike  to  tears  and  fear,  Jupiter  was 
truly  the  God  of  this  great  man.  Hegel  prohouhced  with 
equal  decision  in  favout  of  the  irelig:iou3  ideal  of  the  Hel- 
lenists, and  agaibst  the  intrusioil  of  the  Syrians  or  Gali- 
laeans.  The  legend  of  Christ  appeared  to  him  conceived 
in  the  same  system  as  the  Alexandrian  biography  of  Py- 
thagoras. .  .  .  It  is  the  sailie  theme  that  lias  so  often 
excited  the  mirth  and  humour  of  Henry  Heine.  But 
M.  Louis  Eeurbach,  chief  of  the  young  German  school,  is 
perhaps  the  most  complete  expression  of  this  antipathy 


Greece  was  still  a  living  reality,  and  Schiller's 
lament,  — 

"  Die  alten  Eabelwesten  slnd  nicht  mehn 
Das  reiiende  Geschlecht  iet  ausgewandert," 
did  not  extend  tb  Mm. 

Emerson,  in  recording  a  conversation  he  had 
with  Wordswotth  in  March,  1848,  continues  : 

"  We  talked  of  English  national  character.  I  told  hiiii, 
it  Was  not  creditable  that  no  One  in  all  the  country  knew 
anything  of  Thomas  Taylor^  the  Platohist,  whilst  in 
every  American  library  his  translations  are  found,"  — 
Engliih  Traits,  p.  166. 

There  is,  I  believe,  a  sketch  of  Taylor's  life  in 
Knighfs  Petitiy  Cyclopcgdia ;  however,  I  have  never 
seen  it,  and  I  would  feel  much  obliged  for  any 
particulars  respecting  this  remarkable  man,  es- 
pecially as  I  have  a  number  of  his  translations, 
&e.,  and  aha  under  many  obligations  to  him.  A 
reprint  ill  a  compact. form  of  his  scattered  pieces, 
contributions  to  the  ClassicalJournal,  Old  Monthly 
Magazine,  Tk6  Pamphleteer  *,  &c.,  would  be  very 
acceptable  to  Taylor's  readfers  at  both  sides  of  the 
Atlantlti. 

7.  LEttMftS  OF  Bitotttfett  LAtJ&feNCE.  —  I  re- 
member sorngTV^hefe  meeting  a  strong  eulogium  on 
this  work,  ehat-acterisihg  it  as  mystlfcal  and  deeply- 
spiritual.  I  have  never  since  met  with  this  book, 
of  gained  any  intelligence  respecting  it ;  some  bf 
your  readers,  perhaps,  may  sUp{)ly  the  deficiency. 
In  concluding  these  Notes  and  Queries,  allow  me 
tb  remind  your  correspondent  Anon,  that  he  has 
not  completed,  as  he  promifeed  he  would,  his  valu- 
able and  interesting  Note  oh  Bohme,  "  N.  &  Q.j" 

2°"^  S.  i.  513.  EiRIONNACH. 


Cdlliiiss  Od'6  i  '*  How  sleep  the  brave"  ^c.  -^ 
ttow  is  it  that  this  ode,  which  is  usually  ascHbed 
to  Collins,  and  is  always,  I  believe,  inserted  among 
his  poems,  is  also  found  in  the  Oratorio  of  "  Alfred 
the  Great,*'  to  which  the  following  "advertise- 
ment'' is  prefixed  ? 

•  "  This  Oratorio  is  altered  from  '  Alfred^'  a  Masque,  re- 
presented before  their  Royal  Highnesses  the  Prince  and 
Princess  of  Wales*  at  Cliefden,  August  1,  1740  ;  being  the 
birtli-day  of  the  Princess  Augusta.  Written  by  the  late 
Mr.  Thomson  and  Mr.  Mallet,  and  afterwards  new  written 
by  Mr.  Mallet,  and  acted  at  the  ThCatirS  Eoyal  in  Drury- 
Lane  in  1791." 

Thfe  edltibh  of  the  Oratot-Io  from  which  this 
"advertisement"  Is  copied  Was  printed  at  Londoh 
ih  1?54.  J.  M. 

Oxford. 

against  Christianity,"  &c.  See  Liberie  de  Penser,  Nov.  20, 
1850,  and  Le  Ver  Rongeur  des  Societcs  Modernes  par 
L'Abbe  Gaume,  cap.  xvi. 

*  Such  dissertations,,  too,  as  are  attached  to  his  larger 
works ;  for  instance,  the  Hisionj  of  the  Restoration  oj  the 
Platonic  Theology,  by  the  genuinie  t)iscij)les  of  Plato,  ap- 
pended to  the  second  volume  of  Prdclus  on  Euclid. 


490 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[21*8.  No  51.,  Dec.  20. '56. 


Miniature  Men  made  of  Clay. — In  a  volume  of 
Mr.  Limbird's  Mirror,  some  twenty  years  ago, 
I  read  an  account,  a  "tale  of  a  traveller"  rather, 
descriptive  of  a  curious  trick  said  to  have  been 
performed  by  some  of  the  medicine-men  of  the 
Ked  Indians  of  North  America. 

To  the  narrator's  astonishment,  they  made  num- 
bers of  little  clay  figures  of  men  and  horses  ;  which, 
on  the  recital  of  some  charm  or  formula,  became 
endowed  with  life,  and  engaged  in  desperate  com- 
bat with  each  other ;  a  state  of  things  which  was 
at  length  terminated  by  one  of  the  conjurors 
gathering  them  up,  and  reducing  them  to  qui- 
escence by  compressing  them  into  their  original 
clay. 

This  story  looks  almost  like  a  myth  or  allegory. 
Can  any  of  your  readers  give  further  particulars ; 
and,  if  possible,  a  parallel  or  somewhat  similar 
story  ?  Heney  T.  Riley. 

"Martini  Perscei  Ocia"  Sfc. — Can  you  give  any 
information  relative  to  a  very  uncommon  poetical 
volume,  of  which  the  following  is  the  title,  Mar- 
tini Perscei  Ocia  Libello  VI.  continuaia,  Jenas, 
Typis  Johannis  Werdneri,  Anno  m.dcxviii.  The 
title  is  beautifully  executed  ;  at  the  foot  is  a  re- 
presentation of  Jena,  as  it  appeared  in  1616. 
Amongst  other  interesting  poems  is  one  addressed 
"  Andreas  Synclar  de  S.  Claro  Equitis  Aurati." 

J.  Mt. 

"P.  Q.  Y.  Z."  — What  is  the  meaning  of  the 
expression  "  He  is  a  P.  Q.  Y.  Z."  used  in  an  un- 
complimentary sense  ?  Henry  T.  Riley. 

Robert  Waller,  M.  P.  —  In  1779  there  was  a 
Robert  Waller,  who  was  M.P.  for  Chipping  Wy- 
combe. Was  he  descended  from  Edmund  Waller 
the  poet  ?  And  if  so,  did  he  inherit  the  poet's 
residence  at  Beaconsfield  ?  D. 

Dr.  Artie's  Oratorio,  "  Abel."  —  Who  is  the  au- 
thor of  the  words  of  Dr.  Arne's  oratorio  of  Abel, 
1755  ?  R.  Inglis. 

Translation  of  Horace.  —  Can  you  inform  me 
who  is  the  author  of  a  volume  published  with 
the  following  title  :  The  Lyric  Works  of  Horace, 
translated  into  English  Verse :  to  which  are  added 
a  number  of  Original  Poems.  By  a  Native  of 
America.  Published  by  Dilly,  London,  8vo.,  1787. 
The  volume,  in  addition  to  the  translations  from 
Horace,  contains  translations  from  Ovid,  pastorals, 
songs,  original  odes,  "  Virginia,"  a  pastoral  drama, 
&c.  &c.  The  author,  who  appears  to  have  been  a 
lieut.-colonel  in  the  American  army,  has  dedicated 
the  work  to  General  Washington.  R.  Inglis. 

Glasgow. 

Wilkins  of  Gloucestershire.  —  Is  this  family 
entitled  to  bear  arms  ?  Wilkins  of  Frocester, 
G^loucestershire ;  Wylkyns  of   Stoke,    co.   Kent ; 


Wilkins  of  Brecknock  and  Bristol,  are,  and  these 
I  have.  Query,  are  there  any  others  ?  There 
exists  a  grant  of  a  quartering  (for  Wilkins)  to 
Ralph  Bigland  and  son.  Ralph  was  afterwards 
Garter-king  of  Arms.  Further  particulars  of  this 
grant,  with  descendants  of  said  Ralph  and  son, 
would  be  esteemed.  W.  de  Wincestbe. 

Arms  of  Llewellyn  Voelgrwn,  —  What  are  the 
arms  of  Llewellyn  Voelgrwn,  Lord  of  Main, 
Montgomeryshire.  They  were  borffe  by  his  de- 
scendants, Davies  of  Peniarth,  but  I  cannot  find 
them  in  Gwillim,  Edmonton,  Berry,  or  Burke ; 
the  family  of  Davies  of  Peniarth  merged  into  that 
of  Davies  of  Marrington  Hall,  representatives  of 
the  younger  branch  of  Davies  Guasanan  by  mar- 
riage. Francis  Robert  Davies. 

Moyglas  Mawr. 

St.  Pancras  Church  in  Middlesex.  —  This  was 
the  last  church  in  England  after  the  Protestant 
Reformation  whose  bell  tolled  for  the  Mass,  and 
in  which  the  rites  of  the  Roman  Catholic  Church 
were  performed.  Can  any  of  your  readers  inform 
me  the  name  of  the  vicar  or  priest  of  that  time 
who  refused  to  conform,  and  the  date  ?  E. 

The  Hare  in  representations  of  the  Last  Supper. 
—  In  the  wood  engraving  of  the  Last  Supper,  in 
Albert  Durer's  "  Smaller  Passion,"  the  hare  lies 
on  the  principal  dish,  which  is  rather  remarkable, 
since,  if  I  recollect  rightly,  this  animal  was  for- 
bidden to  the  Jews  by  the  Mosaic  law.  I  had, 
however,  set  this  down  as  an  artist-anachronism 
until  a  week  or  two  since,  when,  in  going  through 
the  beautiful  little  chapel  attached  to  the  house 
in  Gatton  Park,  I  was  surprised  to  notice  a  very 
similar  dish,  in  a  representation  of  the  same  sub- 
ject in  the  east  window  :  though  from  the  condi- 
tion of  the  colouring  just  at  that  part  I  could 
hardly  make  sure  of  the  animal.  The  glass  seemed 
to  be  a  fine  specimen  of  Flemish  or  German 
media3val  workmanship.  That  the  great  "  evan- 
gelist of  art"  was  more  than  once  guilty  of  some- 
what extraordinary  errors  in  such  matters,  more 
especially  perhaps  in  costume  and  architecture, 
there  would  be  no  difficulty  in  proving ;  indeed,  a 
flagrant  instance  is  to  be  seen  in  a  little  oil  paint- 
ing of  his  in  the  collection  so  generously  opened 
to  the  public  by  Lord  Ward,  in  the  Egyptian 
Hall ;  but  that  a  like  anachronism  should  occur 
in  a  similar  representation  in  quite  another  branch 
of  art,  seems  worthy  of  notice,  more  especially 
when  we  recollect  that,  in  England  at  all  events, 
and  probably  elsewhere,  the  hare  was  considered 
an  ill-omened  animal.  (Brown's  Vulgar  Errors, 
p.  301.,  ed.  1669.) 

Whilst  on  the  subject  of  Albert  Durer,  it  is 
worthy  of  mention  in  the  pages  of  " N.  &  Q," 
that  we  are  indebted  to  Archdeacon  Allen  for 
collecting  into  a  shilling  volume  thirty-two  of  that 


2o<i  S.  N»  51.,  Dec.  20.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


491 


artist's  designs  in  his  "  Smaller  Passion ;"  and 
though,  owing  perhaps  t«  the  worn  condition  of 
the  blocks,  the  impressions  are  not  remarkable  for 
clearness,  yet  any  attempt  to  popularise  the 
works  of  this  great  reformer,  who  rose  in  Germany 
simultaneously  with  kindred  spirits  in  Italy,  to 
give  a  fresh  impulse  to  art,  is  well  worthy  of  en- 
couragement. T.  Harwood  Pattison. 

"  The  Black  Prince"  a  Tragedy.  —  There  was 
a  MS.  tragecly  entitled  The  Death  of  the  Black 
Prince.,  said,  in  the  Biographia  Dramatica,  to  have 
been  sold  as  part  of  the  library  of  the  late  Dr. 
Sharpe.  Can  you  inform  me  who  this  Dr.  Sharpe 
was,  and  whether  he  is  likely  to  have  been  the 
author  of  the  play  ?  R.  Inglis. 

"  The  General  Review."  —  Can  you  give  me  any 
information  regarding  the  authorship  of  a  periodi- 
cal work  called  The  General  Review.,  printed  in 
1752  ?  R.  Inglis. 

La  Duchesse  de  la  Valliere. — Madame  de  Genlis, 
in  her  Life  of  Madame  de  Maintenon  (p.  92.,  Paris 
edition,  1845),  alludes  to  "cette  fameuse  epi- 
gramme  contre  la  duchesse  de  la  Valliere."  In  a 
foot-note  is  given  the  commencement,  "  Soyez 
boiteuse,  ayez  quinze  ans,"  etc.  Can  any  of  your 
correspondents  complete  it  ?  G.  R.  B. 

Boston,  Mass. 

Houses  of  Entertainment  in  1608.  —  Can  evi- 
dence be  adduced  in  favour  of  the  following  asser- 
tions, or  does  Heywood  merely  exert  the  poet's 
immemorial  privilege  pf  lying  ?  — 

"  The  gentry  to  the  King's  Head, 
The  nobles  to  the  Crown, 
The  knights  unto  the  Golden  Fleece, 
And  to  the  Plough  the  clown. 
The  churchman  to  the  Mitre, 
The  shepherd  to  the  Star, 
The  gardener  hies  him  to  the  Rose, 
To  the  Drum  the  man  of  war. 
To  the  Feathers,  ladies  you,"  &c. 

Of  course  it  is  natural  enough  that  the  noble 
should  seek  the  place  which  nobles  most  affect ; 
that  the  politician  should  attend  houses  patronised 
by  politicians  generally,  and  the  literary  men  seek 
the  haunts  of  literary  men.  But  Heywood's  lines 
imply  more  than  this,  and  more  than  is  likely. 

Threlkeld. 

Barker,  the  Sophister  of  King's.  —  In  Registrum 
Regale.,  ed.  1847,  p.  25.,  it  is  stated  that  Brian 
Howe  (elected  from  Eton  to  King's,  1499)  was 
author  of  the  preface  to  a  book  called  Scutum  In- 
expugnabile,  written  by  one  Barker,  called  "  the 
Sophister  of  King's."  We  trust  some  of  your  cor- 
respondents can  give  more  definite  information  as 
to  this  Barker  and  his  book. 

C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 

Cambridge. 


Jean  de  Crepin.  —  In  a  recent  first  class  exhi- 
bition of  water-colour  drawings  was  shown  a  pic- 
ture by  "  Johannot,"  with  the  subject  given  as 
"  The  Arrest  of  Jean  de  Crepin  by  order  of  Riche- 
lieu." Who  was  Jean  de  Crepin  ?  and  where  is 
the  narrative,  historic  or  otherwise,  to  be  found  ? 

Anon. 

Gildon^s  "  Lives  of  the  Dramatic  Poets."  —  In 
the  Bodleian  Library  is  preserved  an  interleaved 
copy  of  this  work,  with  corrections,  in  the  auto- 
graph of  Coxeter,  who,  it  seems,  intended  a  new 
edition.  Perhaps  some  of  your  Oxford  corre- 
spondents will  say  if  these  corrections  are  nu- 
merous and  important.       Edward  F.  Rimbault. 

"  Finetti  Philoxensis."  —  This  curious  diary  of 
an  old  "  Master  of  the  Ceremonies  to  two  Kings," 
was  published  after  the  author's  death  by  his 
friend  James  Howell.  Oldys  (British  Librarian, 
p.  163.)  gives  a  careful  account  of  its  contents, 
and  mentions  that  there  was  a  MS.  in  being  more 
full  than  the  one  published.  Can  any  of  your 
readers  give  me  the  locality  of  this  MS.  at 
present  ?  Edward  F.  Rimbaui-t. 

Manu.script  of  Job  :  "  Katho"  its  Printer.  —  I 
should  be  much  obliged  for  information  respecting 
the  following  Queries  ? 

1.  An  early  English  written  MS.  of  Job,  with 
interlineal  commentary.  The  text  occupies  about 
a  third  of  the  page.     It  begins  with  a  prologue  : 

"Job  gentilis  plurimorum  assertionibus  extitisse  per- 
hibetur,"  &c. 

Next  to  this  comes,  — 

"  Quaedam  historice  hie  dicuntur  et  allegorice,  et  mo- 
raliter,  quaedam  nequeunt  ad  litteram  accipi,  quia  erronea 
sunt,"  &c. 

Then  comes  the  commentary  : 

"  Per  Job  Christus,  id  est,  caput  vel  corpus  designatur ; 
ergo  per  historiam  viso  ex  capite,"  &c. 

Again  it  says : 

"  Allegorice :  Job,  dolens,  id  est,  Christus  qui  dolores 
nostros  portavit." 

It  ends  with  — 

"  Plena  dierura  (i.  e.  the  church)  moritur  cui  labentes 
anni  non  transeunt,  sed  (actuum)  Stantium  retributione 
solidantur.  Plena  dierum  moritur  quia  per  baec  transe- 
untia  tempora  ad  id  quod  non  transit  operatur." 

Can  any  of  your  numerous  correspondents  in- 
form me  who  was  the  author,  and  where  he  lived  ? 
The  book  was  written  about  the  beginning  of  the 
fourteenth  century. 

2.  Who  was  the  printer  of  Katho  de  omni  Cecitate 
Hominis  errantis  in  Via  Morum  ?  It  Is  finely  printed 
in  single  columns,  with  about  two  inches  of 
margin  ;  there  are  thirty-four  lines  in  the  page. 
The  capitals  throughout  are  printed  in  outline, 
filled  in  afterwards  with  colour.  The  pages  are 
folioed  in  uncial  letters,  and  the  date  cannot  be 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  N»  51.,  Dec.  20.  'oG. 


later  than  1480.  ,  My  copy  has  lost  the  last  page. 
Is  the  book  rare  ?  J»  C.  J. 

"  Marranys."  —  What  is  the  meaning  of  this 
word  in  a  letter  written  from  Clerk,  Bishop  of 
Bath,  to  Cardinal  Wolsey,  a.d.  1527,  and  quoted 
in  Mr.  Trollope's  charming  sketch  of  the  Girlhood 
of  Catherine  de  Medici,  p.  80.  : 

« agaynsl  pristes,  and  cluirchis'they  hav5  bebavj'd 

themselfes  as  it  dotli  become  Marranys  And  Lutherans  to 
do." 

C.  W.  B. 

Engraved  Portraits.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
tell  me  what  became  oF  the  library  of  the  late  Dr. 
^leath,  Master  of  Etwall  Hospital,  or  more  par- 
ticularly of  a  volume  or  volumes  of  engraved  por- 
traits which  he  had  collected  ? 

CHAfiL£!3  PaSI^AM. 

St.  MartirCs-in-lhe-Fi'elds.  — Churches  so  deno- 
minated exist  in  London,  Liverpool,  and,  I  believe, 
Chester.  Can  any  connection  in  respect  to  Causa- 
tion be  shown  to  exist  between  these  names  ? 

E.  H.  D.  D. 

Portrait  of  Godiva.  — Peacham,  in  his  Dialogue 
between  the  Cross  in  Cheape  and  Charing  Crosse, 
4to.,  1642,  mentions  the  fear  that  the  destruction 
of  Cheapside  Crosse  would  lead  to  the  destruction 
(of  all  the  other  Eleanor  Crosses.  He  alludes  also 
to  those  of  Abingdon  and  Coventry,  Chester,  &c. 

Chai'ing  Crosse  then  says  : 

"  They  will  find  friends  I'll  warrant  you ;  I  know  Mr. 
Maior  of  Coventrj'  will  have  a  care  of  bis,  it  being  so  fair 
an  ornament  of  that  ancient  and  well  governed  Citie, 
whose  liberties  and  freedom  were  long  since  obtained  by 
Godiva,  wife  as  I  take  it,  of  Leofricus,  a  Saxon  Prince, 
who  being  incensed  against  that  Citie,  she  procured  their 
privileges  againe  by  riding  (as  was  enjoyued  by  her  hus- 
band) naked  through  the  Citie  at  noon  day;  and  her 
picture  so  riding,  is  set  up  in  gtasie  i?l  a  foindmo  I'ti  St. 
Michael's  Church  in  the  same  Citie." 

Cheap  replies : 

"I  wonder  that  window  is  not  beatett  down  by  the 
Brownists  in  all  this  time  !  a  woman's  picture  riding 
naked  set  up  in  a  Church  window  !  " 

Charing  Crosse  replies : 

"  Why  not  as  well  as  the  Devil's  in  many  windows  ?  " 

Can  any  Of  your  readers  inform  me  at  what 
period  this  singular  ornament  was  removed  from 
St.  Michael's  church  window  ?  Peacham  was  a 
man  as  remarkable  for  his  honesty  of  report,  as 
for  his  lively  sallies.  VarviceNSIs. 

"  Weep  not  for  me,"  Sfc.  —  Who  was  the  author 
tef  the  following  sertnon,  quoted  by  Dr.  Eachard 
in  The  Grounds  and  Occasions  of  the  Contempt  df 
the  Clergy,  p.  84.,  9th  edit.  1683  : 

"  St.  Luke,  xxiii.  28.,  '  Weep  hot  for  me,  weep  for  yoiit- 
Selves.'  Here  are  (says  the  Doctor)  eight  Wt>»-ds,  and 
eight  parts.  1.  Weep  not;  2.  But  weepi  3.  Weep  hot, 
but  weep.    4.  Weep  fot  me.    6.  For  yourselves.    6.  For 


me,  for  yourselves,  7.  Weep  not  for  nie.  8;  But  weep 
for  yourselves.  That  is  to  say,  North,  North  and  by 
East,  North  North  East,  North  East  and  by  North, 
North  East,  North  East  and  by  East,  East  North  East, 
East  and  by  North,  East" 

This  is  one  of  the  passA^d  for  which  Eachard 
was  censured  by  good  Bafnabas  Oley  in  his  Pre- 
face to  Geoi-ge  Herbert's  Country  Parson,  1673. 
Oley  says : 

"  Sir,  how  could  you  write  that  descant  upon  our 
Blessed  Saviour's  words  ['Weep  not  for  me,'  &c.]  Avithout 
mingling  your  tears  with  your  ink  ?  Had  you  known 
the  author  you  would  ha\ie  pitied  him :  he  was  a  man  of 
great  wit,  mixed  with  excess :  of  a  fiincy  extended  to  his 
hurt." 

Eachard's  letter  ih  reply  to  Oley  Was  the  sub- 
ject Of  a  Query  in  »  N.  &  Q.,**  P'  S.  i.  320. ;  but 
the  Rev.  Geo.  Wyatt  had  mistaken  the  old  En- 
glish letters  38.  &.  for  33. 1.  J.  Y. 

Demonological  Qaertesw-^Iti  books  on  demono- 
logy  and  witchcraft,  published  about  the  beginning 
of  the  last  century,  many  persons  and  practices 
are  mentioned  without  ifeference  or  explanation. 
Probably  at  that  time  they  were  notorious,  but 
are  now  forgotten.  I  have  noted  a  few,  and  shall 
be  much  obliged  by  being  told  where  I  call  find 
an  account  of  them. 

"  AppdrllioAs :  of  Robert  Lackman  of  Norwich ;  ]VIary 
Gough  of  Rochester ;  Robert  Devine  of  Taunton ;  H. 
Dorien,  '  the  master  of  the  ceremonies ; '  and  Zachary, 
*  the  Socinian  lover.'  " 

"  Witches  :  Bertha  de  Rosenbery,  Anne  Bodenham, 
Mary  Hill  Bekkington,  J.  Br\'an  of  iToughall." 

"  The  Bewitchings  of  John  Goodman's  Four  Children; 
of  Uiric  Neussek- ;  and  of  Maude  Robertson." 

"  The  Practice  of  Shooting  at  a  Crucifix  from  behind 
to  render  the  Shooter  invulnerable." 

"  The  Devil's  Rock  in  the  Palatinate,  where  he  was 
frightened  at  an  Old  Shoe." 

J.  E.  T. 


William  of  Nassington.  —  A  book  Called  The 
Myrrour  of  Life  (Brit.  Mus.  Eg.  657.)  was  written 
by  a  certain  William  of  Nassyngton,  and  bears 
the  (iate  1418.  Can  you  or  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents inform  me  where  I  can  find  an  account 
of  the  authorj  or  of  any  family  of  the  name  of 
Nassyngton  ?  B,ovillus. 

Norwich. 

[Nassington  is  the  name  of  a  parish  in  Northampton- 
shire, aS  well  as  of  a  preb'endal  stall  ih  Lincoln  cathedral. 
The  title  of  the  wOrk  is  Speeulutn  Vitte,  or  Myrr6ur  of 
Life,  and  is  not  the  Egerton  MSS.  657,  but  Addit.  MS. 
Sl'ol,  and  the  Royal  MS.,  17  C.  viii.  We  learn  from  a 
note  on  the  fly-leaf  of  the  former  copy,  that  it  is  generallj', 
but  falsely  ascribed  to  Hampole,  because  in  the  greater 
number  of  copies  the  lines  containing  the  name  of  Nas- 
syngton are  wanting.  Thie  finest  copy  existing  belongs 
to  Mr.  Singer.  See  Warton'S  Historp  of  English  Poetry, 
vol.  ii.  pp.  367 — 870.,  edit.  1840,  for  some  account  of  the 
poem.] 


SJnd  S.  No  51.,  Dec.  20.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


493 


"  Fondingge."  —  In  a  translation  of  the  Lord's 
Prayer  in  a  MS.  in  the  library  of  Caius  College, 
Cambridge  (date  about  the  thirteenth  century), 
the  vf or d  fondingge  is  used  for  temptation.  What 
is  its  derivation  ?  Bovillus. 

Norwich. 

[Dr.  Richardson  derives  it  from  the  Anglo-Saxon 
fund-ian,  to  try,  attempt  or  endeavour,  examine^  search, 
or  seek  after ;  and,  as  Somner  expresses  it,  to  labour  to 
come  to  a  thing  (J.,  e.  to  find),  — 

"The  fifte,  is  moder  of  heUhe, 
A  ft-end  in  &\\q  fondynges  (trials)." 

See  also  Promptorium  Parvulorum :  "  Fondyn^e,  or  a- 
saynge.  Attemptacio.  Ang.-Sax.  fandian,  tentare." 
Halliwell  gives  the  fbliowing  examples : 

"  And  of  oure  gyVt}'s  gt-aunt  us  repentaunce. 
And  strenckytn  us  to  stonde  in  slWq  fondyng." 

MS.  Cantab.,  Ff.  ii.  38.,  f.  13. 
"  Y  seyde  hyt  for  no  velany*. 
But  for  nfondynge." 

MS.  Ibid.,  f.  72.2 

Ttjndale\'i  New  Testament.  -^  I  lately-  met  with 
ia  fcopy  of  Tyndale's  New  Testataent  in  small  8vo., 
printed  in  1538,  with  nutaie^ous  woodcuts.  Can 
any  of  your  readers  iliFonn  me  whether  this  is  a 
scarce  edition  ?  Any  particulars  respecting  it 
Would  greatly  oblige  TxjnstAl. 

[According  to  Dr.  Cotton  only  three  copies  are  known 
of  this  very  rare  edition  of  Tyndale's  Testament  with  his 
Prologues,  **  Imprynted  at  Ant'sFerpe  by  Matthew  Crom." 
They  are  in  the  Baptist  Library,  Bristol,  St.  Paul's  Ca- 
thedral, and  Clirist  Church,  Oxford,  the  last  copy  being 
imperfect.  There  is,  however,  a  perfect  copy  in  the 
Grenville  library.  In  Father  Simon's  Critical  History,  he 
first  ascribes  this  version  to  Tyndale  and  Cov6rdale,  and 
afterwards  doubts  whether  it  be  not  from  WickliSe's 
version,  whieh  was  permitted  by  Heni-y  VIII.  duHtig  Sir 
T.  Cromwell's  life,  but  after  his  death,  by  the  interference 
of  the  bishops,  was  prohibited.  The  prevailing  opinion, 
however,  ascribes  this  Testament  to  Tyndale  and  Cover- 
dale.  See  note  in  the  Gremnlle  Catalogue,  part  i.  p.  721. ; 
also  Dr.  Cotton's  List  «f  mrio'us  Editions  of  the  Sihte, 
pp.  5.  90.  and  99.] 


SHOUIiD   THE   QUERCUS   SESSILIFLOKA   BE   CULTI- 
VATED ? 

(2"''  S.  ii.  434.) 

Mb.  Collyns  states  "  that  the  Quercus  robur  is 
preferred  by  all  workers  in  hard  wood  for  houses, 
shipsy  wagons,  machinery,"  &c.  This  preference 
to  the  Q.  robur,  of  course  implies  inferiority  in 
the  Q.  sessiliflora.  Which,  then,  of  the  two  oaks 
ought  the  Admiralty  to  encourage  in  the  royal 
forests  ?  To  appreciate  the  gist  of  the  following 
remarks,  let  it  be  understood  that  they  iapply  to 
two  varieties  of  oak  growing  in  the  New  Forest, 
namely,  the  Q.  robur  and  the  Q.  sessiliflora ;  and 
f\irther  that,  to  identify  them,  it  must  be  borne  in 
mind  that  the  Q.  robur^  or  common  oak,  bears 


acorns  with  long  stalks,  and  leaves  with  short 
stalks ;  while  conversely  the  Q.  sessiliflora  or 
"  Durmast "  (so  called  by  the  woodmen)  bears 
acorns  with  short  stalks,  and  leaves  with  long 
stalks. 

During  a  Visit  to  the  New  Forest  in  the  year 
1849,  I  found  that  all  the  workmen,  whether  car- 
penters, sawyers,  or  hewers,  condemned  the  Dur- 
mast ;  and  in  a  letter  from  Mr.  Nichols,  the  Navy 
purveyor  to  the  Earl  of  Chatham,  First  Ix)rd  of 
the  Admiralty,  dated  March  1,  1791,  he  says  that, 
"  the  Durmast  is  not  so  strong,  hard,  or  durable," 
as  the  common  oak,  and  he  therefoi*e  deplores  the 
fact,  that  in  the  year  1700,  some  of  the  enclosures 
were  planted  with  Durmast  acorns.  Again,  in 
the  last  edition  of  the  Fine.  Brit.,  art.  "  Timber," 
the  writer  —  my  late  respected  friend,  Augustin 
Creuze,  F.R.S.  —  says  that,  "  there  is  no  doubt  as 
to  the  comparative  inferiority  of  Durmast  oak. 
Almost  all  English  writers  on  timber  have  as- 
serted it;  and  both  Buflfon  and  Du  Hamel  cor- 
roborate their  assertions."  Lastly,  in  a  letter 
of  the  Navy  Board,  dated  Dec.  2,  1830,  the 
quality  of  the  Durmast  is  mistrusted. 

But  notwithstanding  this  mass  of  respectatile 
evidence  against  the  poor  Q.  sessiliflora,  no  facts 
were  adduced  to  confirm  such  wholesale  con- 
demnation, and  I  conjectured  whether  its  asserted 
inferiority  might  not  be  a  sort  of  popular  delusion, 
similar  to  the  gratuitous  notion  that  the  durability 
of  timber  depends  on  the  age  of  the  moon,  or  on 
the  season  of  the  year  at  the  time  of  felling. 

That  this  conjecture  was  hot  groundless,  the 
following  remarks  will  prove.  In  the  year  1832, 
forty  pieces  bf  the  common  oak  and  forty  pieces  of 
the  Durmast  oak  were  respectively  used  on  the 
starboard  and  port  sides  of  the  "  Vindictive." 
After  the  lapse  of  seventeen  years,  that  is  to  say 
in  1849,  the  ofBcei-s  of  Portsmouth  yard  reported 
that  the  Durmast  appeared  to  be  more  durable 
than  the  common  oak.  Interested  In  this  result, 
I  followed  up  the  investigation  by  An  experiment, 
—  which  I  will  not  tire  you  by  describing,  —  and 
the  result,  to  my  astonishment,  was,  that  the  Dur- 
mast was  denser,  stronger,  and  more  elastic  than 
the  common  oak ! 

Pardon  the  length  of  this  communication  :  the 
importance  of  the  subject  must  plead  the  excuse, 
for,  believing  that  the  Delphic  oracle  is  now  as 
applicable  to  England,  as  formerly  it  was  to 
Athens,  and  that  in  deed  and  very  truth  Britain's 
best  bulwarks  are  her  Wooden  walls,  it  surely 
cannot  be  a  matter  of  indifference  to  determine  on 
the  best  material  with  whieh  to  construct  the 
same.  God  grant  that,  manned  with  "hearts 
of  oak,"  these  her  walls  may  ever  prove  stronger 
than  adamant !  Esti)  perpeiua  !     JaMes  Bennett. 

H.  M.  Dockyard,  Portsmouth, 
Dec.  Hi  1856. 


494 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"d  s.  No  61.,  Dec.  20. 


MEBAI.   OP   THE   PRETENDER. 

(1"S.  xi.  84.) 

Inquiries  were  made  long  since  respecting  a 
medal  of  the  Pretender  :  the  head  on  one  side, 
and  on  the  reverse,  a  young  tree  springing  from 
the  withered  trunk,  with  "  revirescit "  above,  and 
"1750"  beneath.  Your  reply  was  to  the  effect 
that  the  medal  is  not  uncommon,  and  that  it  was 
struck  in  Italy. 

I  possess  medals  answering  to  this  description, 
and,  believing  them  to  be  rare,  I  intended  to  pre- 
sent one  to  the  British  Museum ;  but  on  my  friend 
calling  there  he  was  informed  that  the  collection 
contained  several  copies. 

That  such  a  medal,  or  medals,  as  you  state,  was 
struck  in  Italy  I  do  not  question;  but  what  I 
submit  is  that  such  a  medal  was  struck  in  Eng- 
land, which  cannot  be  inferred  from  your  answer, 
and  may  not  be  known  to  the  officers  of  the  Mu- 
seum. Where  the  die  was  cut  I  know  not,  nor 
does  it  affect  this  question. 

I  have  papers  in  my  possession  which'show  that 
subscriptions  were  received  in  London  for  such 
medals.     Here  is  a  copy  of  one  of  them  : 

« 1749. 
Eeceiv'd  One  "Ga  for  the  Medal  of  an  Oak 

to  be  deliver'd  on  Demand.  (Seal)  " 

This,  it  may  be  said,  proves  nothing^s  to  where 
the  medal  was  struck.  But  I  also  have  in  my 
possession  no  less  than  seven  bills  and  receipts  for 
striking  these  medals,  in  gold,  silver,  and  copper  ; 
and  I  will  copy  one  of  them  as  the  names  may  be 
suggestive  to  you  and  your  better  informed  cor- 
respondents : 

"  1750.  To  Alex"-.  Johnston.  £  s.   d. 

March  26.    To  22  Silver  meddals  W.  12oz.")      o  .«  o 

12idwt.  6s.  Id.  peroz        -J      <^  it>  « 

To  pd  Mr.  Pingo's  Bill      -         -     6  11  5 

To  pi  for  14Ib.  2oz.  Coppar,  1      i    i  r  o 

2s.  6d.  per  lib.    -        -        .]      ^  ^^  ^ 

To  flatting  waist  and  attend-  \     o     i  n 

anceeprps.       -        -        -J     **    ^  " 


£14    4  4." 

I  am  not  certain  as  to  the  last  entry. 

All  these  bills  are  due  to  Johnston,  and  in  all 
payment  is  made  to  Mr.  Pingo. 

In  addition  to  these,  and  it  appears  to  me  con- 
clusive, I  have  one  of  the  dies — •  the  head  of  the 
Pretender. 

As  I  am  entirely  ignorant  of  numismatics,  I 
think  it  well  to  add,  that  some  of  these  medals 
appear  to  be  solid ;  while  others  are  in  separate 
pieces,  bound  together  with  a  collar ;  and  in  one 
of  the  bills  is  a  charge  — 

« To  pd.  for  Collaring  a  meddle      .        .        6d" 

I  submit  the  facts  without  comment  for  your 
consideration,  and  shall  be  glad  to  receive  an  ex- 
planation. M.  O.  P. 


CALENDS. 

(2"'^  S.  ii.  110.236.  276.419.) 
It  is  to  be  desired  that  the  exact  pronunciation 
and  meaning  of  this  word  at  Bromyard  and  Ludlow 
should  be  verified  by  your  former  correspondents, 
with  reference  to  the  remark  above  in  p.  276. 
The  Herefordshire  Glossary,  published  in  1839, 
contains  this  article  : 

"  Scallage  or  Scallenge,  s. :  a  detached  covered  porch  at 
the  entrance  of  a  churchyard.  Ducange  in  v.  shows  that 
scaltis  was  sometimes  used  for  stallus,  in  the  sense  of  a 
seat.   Hence,  perhaps,  may  have  been  derived  Scalagium." 

There  can  be  no  doubt  that  in  parts  of  Here- 
fordshire, and  neighbouring  counties,  the  lich-gate, 
or  covered  porch  at  the  entrance  of  a  churchyard, 
under  which  the  bearers  remain  with  the  coffin, 
when  the  clergyman  comes  out  to  meet  it,  is  called 
scallenge,  or  scalleons.  The  writer  of  this  note 
has  had  the  means  of  verifying  the  fact  within 
the  last  few  weeks.  If  this  word  is  pronounced 
calends  in  other  parts  of  the  same  county,  it  is 
possible  that  the  former  is  a  corruption  of  the 
latter  form.  Mr.  Lower  states  that  a  part  of  the 
close  of  Rouen  Cathedral  is  called  the  Calende ; 
and  that  the  entrance  to  the  south  transept  is 
known  as  the  Portail  de  la  Calende.  It  appears 
from  Ducange,  in  v.  Kalendce,  that  meetings  of 
the  clergy  on  the  calends,  or  first  day  of  each 
month,  were  themselves  called  calends :  the  same 
name  was  also  given  to  pious  brotherhoods,  for  a 
similar  reason.  It  is  conceivable  that  a  part  of 
a  church,  or  other  sacred  building,  where  these 
meetings  were  held,  may  have  acquired  the  name  of 
calends.  One  of  the  meanings  of  the  word  in  Du- 
cange is,  "Initium  cujusvis  rei,  ubi  territorium 
aliquod  incipit;"  in  which  sense  it  might  have 
been  applied  to  a  porch  at  the  entrance  of  the 
churchyard.  Before,  however,  further  attempts 
at  explanation  are  made,  it  is  to  be  wished  that 
your  correspondents  should  state  whether  they 
have  represented  with  perfect  precision  the  sound 
and  acceptation  of  the  provincial  term.  L. 


STOCK   FROST. 

(2'"'  S.  i.  151.  215.) 

Your  correspondents,  J.  B.  and  E.  G.  R.  ex- 
press disbelief  in  the  occurrence  of  "  stock  frosts." 
I  apprehend  the  only  reason  they  can  assign  for 
their  disbelief  is,  that  neither  of  them  have  ever 
seen  one,  and  neither  of  them  can  see  how  such  a 
phenomenon  is  "  reconcileable  with  science  and 
reason."  The  King  of  Bantam  would  not  believe 
in  ice  for  one  or  both  of  the  same  reasons.  There 
was  ice  nevertheless  ;  and  in  like  manner,  not- 
withstanding the  incredulity  of  J.  B.  and  E.  G.  R. 
there  are  such  things  as  stock-frosts  which  have 


2"'»  S.  N»  51.,  DJ.;c.  20.  'oC] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


495 


been  seen  by  thousands.  I  have  lived  in  the  Fens 
all  my  life,  but  have  never  seen  a  "  Will  o'  the 
wisp,"  and  cannot  reconcile  their  peculiar  be- 
haviour and  appearances  with  "  science  and  rea- 
son ;  "  but  I  suppose  E.  G.  R.  would  not  forego 
his  belief  in  these  Norfolk  "lantern-men,"  be- 
cause I  had  neither  seen  one  nor  could  account 
for  the  phenomenon  if  I  had.  Now,  although  I 
have  not  seen  a  "  lantern-man,"  I  have  seen  "  an- 
chor frosts  "  (for  that  is  the  name  given  them  in 
the  Isle  of  Ely),  and  I  do  not  think  it  at  all  dif- 
ficult to  reconcile  their  appearance  both  with 
"  science  and  reason."  I  would  first  remark  by 
the  way,  that  the  fact  of  their  bearing  names  in 
German  (grund-eis),  in  French  (glace  du  fond), 
and  in  this  country  stock  frost,  stock  storm,  ground 
gru,  ice  meers,  and  in  the  fens  of  Cambridgeshire, 
anchor  frost,  is  a  point  (though  not  a  conclusive 
one)  in  their  favour.  Your  correspondent  J.  W., 
of  Cossey  Gardens,  Norwich(  p.  216.),  has  hit  the 
right  nail  on  the  head,  when  he  says,  "  I  have  ob- 
served this  curious  fact  only  in  very  severe  frosts, 
and  then  only  in  those  parts  of  rivers  which  were 
exposed  to  very  cold  winds  lasting  for  several  days. 
The  water  became  thoroughly  chilled,  but  it  froze 
only  below,  where  the  water  was  still;  the  surface 
did  not  freeze  because  the  wind  kept  it  constantly 
ruffled  and  agitated."  In  these  few  words  lies  the 
whole  explanation  of  the  phenomenon.  When 
water  is  cooled  below  32°,  if  not  agitated,  it  will 
become  ice  ;  if  agitated,  it  will  remain  fluid  at  a 
lower  temperature.  Anchor  frosts  always  (so  far 
as  my  experience  goes)  accompany  high,  bitter- 
cold,  frosty,  east  or  north-east  winds,  lasting,  as 
J.  W.  says,  for  several  days.  The  effect  of  this  is 
that  the  whole  body  of  water  in  a  river  or  lake  is 
at  last  reduced  in  temperature  below  freezing 
point,  and  if  the  wind  were  then  suddenly  to  cease, 
the  water  in  the  river  or  lake  would  almost  in- 
stantly become  a  mass  of  ice ;  as  it  is,  however, 
ice  forms  whenever  the  agitation  is  nil,  or  at  a 
minimum,  and,  following  the  law  of  crystallisation, 
makes  use  of  the  blades  of  flags  and  weeds  lying 
at  the  bottom  as  nuclei  upon  which  to  form. 
When  masses  have  been  thus  formed  of  suflicient 
size,  they  rise  by  their  specific  buoyancy  and  come 
to  the  surface,  often  bringing  up  weeds  with  them, 
and  presenting  the  appearance  of  pointed  glaciers 
or  icebergs  in  miniature.  I  remember  on  one  oc- 
casion of  an  anchor  frost  at  Ely,  many  years  ago, 
seeing  some  watermen  trying  to  impel  a  gang  of 
lighters  by  thrusting  against  a  long  pole,  armed 
with  a  forked  metal-sheathed  prong  at  the  ex- 
tremity, here  called  a  "  sprit  "  or  "  spread,"  but 
giving  up  the  task  in  sheer  despair  on  account  of 
the  water  adhering  to  the  sprit  becoming  ice  every 
time  it  was  lifted  up  out  of  the  water,  until  at 
last  the  sprit  became  too  heavy  for  one  man  to 
handle,  from  the  quantity  of  ice  surrounding  it. 
There  are  scores  of  watermen  who  ply  upon  the 


Ouze  that  could  multiply  instances  of  anchor 
frosts  ;  but  surely  enough  has  been  said  to  satisfy 
most  reasonable  men  that  such  phenomena  are 
both  possible  and  probable.  It  is  true  their  oc- 
currence is  rare,  but  that  is  only  because  the 
cowcurrence  of  their  causes  is  rare. 

In  order  to  an  anchor  frost,  all  the  following 
conditions  must  be  simultaneously  present.  1st. 
A  wind  considerably  below  the  freezing  point. 
2nd.  One  blowing  long  enough  to  cool  down  the 
whole  mass  of  water  below  32°.  3rd.  One  blow- 
ing strong  enough  and  continuously  enough  (that  is, 
without  lulls)  to  prevent  the  formation  of  surface 
ice  at  any  time  during  the  gale.  4th.  One  which 
initiates  a  frost,  because  if  it  were  to  come  on 
during  a  frost,  after  surface  ice  has  formed,  the 
requisite  agitation  of  the  water  could  not  take 
place.  5th.  A  water  sufficiently  exposed  to  be 
agitated  by  the  gale ;  and  6th.  A  water  sufficiently 
shallow  to  be  wholly  cooled  down  below  the  freez- 
ing point,  so  as  to  allow  of  ice  forming  at  the 
bottom.  Now  it  seldom  happens  that  we  have  a 
high  wind  cold  enough  and  of  sufficient  duration 
to  cool  all  the  water  of  a  river  or  lake  below  the 
freezing  point.  Usually,  our  severest  frosts  are 
accompanied  by  still  weather,  and  unless  the 
aforesaid  high  wind  occurs  at  the  beginning  of  the 
cold  weather,  before  surface  ice  has  formed,  no 
anchor  frost  can  happen,  because,  if  the  surface  be 
first  frozen,  then  the  agitation  of  the  water,  which 
is  another  necessary  condition  of  an  anchor  frost, 
cannot  take  place.  Wm.  Marshall. 

Ely,  Cambridgeshire. 


PUNCH   AND    JUDY. 

(2"'i  S.  ii.  430.) 

The  supposed  origin  of  these  puppets  from 
Pontius  Pilate  and  the  Jews  has  no  authority 
from  history,  nor  from  the  kind  of  entertainment 
and  dialogue  of  the  characters.  Much  learning 
has  been  bestowed  on  this  subject  by  Galiani  in 
his  Vocabulary  of  the  Neapolitan  dialect,  who  fixes 
on  Puccio  d'  Aniello  at  Acerra,  near  Naples,  as 
the  original  Punch,  and  after  whose  death  a  Po- 
lecenella,  or  young  Puccio,  succeeded  him.  Mr. 
MaoFarlane  has  shown  {Popular  Customs  of  the 
South  of  Italy ^  illustrated  from  Pinelli,  p.  127.) 
that  Punch  and  the  whole  family  of  Burattini 
(puppets)  are  the  delight  of  many  countries  be- 
sides Italy.  Ha  is  as  popular  in  Egypt,  Syria, 
and  Turkey,  as  in  London  or  Naples.  Under  the 
name  of  Karaguse,  or  Black-Snout,  he  has  amused 
and  edified  the  grave,  bearded  citizens  of  Cairo 
and  Constantinople  for  many  an  age.  Traces  of 
him  have  been  found  in  Nubia,  and  far  beyond 
the  cataracts  of  the  Nile  ;  and  it  is  supposed  types 
or  symbols  of  him  have  been  discovered  among 
the  hieroglyphics  of  the  ancient  Egyptians.     '*"''" 


The 


4d6 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»'i  S.  NO  61.,  Dec.  20.  '56. 


wandering  Arabs  cherish  him.  He  is  at  home 
with  the  lively  Persians,  and  beyond  the  Red  Sea, 
and  the  Persian  Gulf,  and  the  Indian  Ocean, 
Karaguse,  or  Black-Snout,  is  found  slightly  tra- 
vestied in  Hindustan,  Siam  and  Pegu,  Ava  and 
Cochin-China,  China  Proper,  and  Japan.  The 
Tartars  behind  the  great  wall  of  China  are  not 
unacquainted  with  him,  nor  are  the  Kamtchatkans ; 
and  Herculaneum  and  Pompeii  have  given  up 
Punch  after  being  buried  sixteen  centuries. 

The  most  approved  derivation  of  Punch  is  from 
his  chicken  nose,  Pullicinus  signifying  a  little 
chicken.  Judy  is  exclusively  English.  The  ge- 
nuine Punch,  as  in  the  ancient  Greek  drama,  only 
admits  of  two  other  agonistae,  the  Bisceglian  and 
the  stuttering  lawyer.  Mr.  MacFarlane  concludes 
his  entertaining  description  by  saying  (p.  134.)  : 

"  How  it  fares  with  the  little  theatre  of  San  Carlino, 
and  the  in-door  Punch,  I  know  not ;  but  I  have  received 
the  mournful  intelligence  that  the  out-of-door  Punch,  and 
the  Burattini  in  general,  have  been  suffering  a  worse  than 
heathen  persecution  at  the  hands  of  the  present  king 
(1846)  and  government;  that  povero  Policinello  is  ba- 
nisheii  from  his  home  and  country,  and  that  in  conse- 
quence of  these  and  similar  improvements,  all  life  and 
brio  are  vanishing  from  the  streets  of  Naples." 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 


I  cannot  help  thinking  our  Punch  is  an  abbre^ 
viation  of  the  Neapolitan  Polichinello.  During  a 
long  residence  at  Naples  in  1843,  I  naturally  fre- 
quented  the  theatres,  and  was  much  diverted 
by  this  personage,  who  answers  to  our  English 
clown.  One  feature  particularly  struck  me,  his 
perpetual  restlessness.  If  his  master  makes  him 
sit  down,  he  cannot  keep  his  legs  and  arms  a 
moment  quiet,  but  is  annoying  everybody  who 
comes  within  their  reach.  The  more,  therefore,  the 
Polichinello  agitates  himself  the  better  the  actor 
is  considered.  In  some  magazine  which  fell  into 
my  hands  at  Naples,  the  word  is  derived  from 
■Ko\b  Kivev — to  move  much,  which  seemed  to  me  at 
least  plausible,  considering  the  founders  of  Nea- 
polis  were  a  Greek  colony,  and  their  descendants 
retain  still  very  many  features  of  their  original 
country,  F.  W. 

I  am  inclined  to  ascribe  the  origin  of  Punch 
and  Judy  to  some  mystery  play,  fgr  the  following 
reasons : 

1.  The  name  of  Punch  in  Italy  is  Poncinello; 
a  very  easy  corruption  of  Pontiello,  or  Pontianello. 
Judy  is  certainly  very  likq  Giudei  (the  Jews),  or 
Giuda  (Judas). 

2.  There  are  certainly  two  places  in  Europe 
where  traditions  respecting  Pontius  Pilate  still 
survive  —  Avignon,  where  some  say  that  he  died ; 
and  Mount  Pilatus,  near  Lucerne.  The  story  at 
the  latter  place  is,  that  he  threw  himself  into  a 


lake  on  the  top  of  the  mountain.  It  would  appeaf 
from  this  that  traditions  respecting  him  were  afloat 
during  the  middle  ages,  and  nothing  is  more 
likely  than  their  embodiment  in  a  mystery  play. 

Perhaps  some  of  your  correspondents  may  know 
of  other  places  where  such  traditions  are  to  be 
found.  I  have  long  supposed  Punch  and  Judy  to 
be  the  relic  of  a  mystery  play,  although  I  had 
never  seen  it  proposed  until  I  met  with  Mr.  God- 
win's Query.  J.  V. 

These  persons  are  probably  'of  Italian  origin, 
and  mean  Polichinello  and  Judas.  Theobald,  in 
one  of  his  notes  to  Shakspeare,  says  : 

"  There  was  hardly  an  old  play  till  the  period  of  the 
Reformation  which  had  not  in  it  a  devil  and  a  droll  cha- 
racter, who  was  to  play  upon  and  work  the  devil." 

Perhaps  Judas  was  often  introduced  as  a  fit 
representative,  and  so  In  our  street  exhibitions  we 
generally  see  both  characters  introduced  (Judas 
corrupted  into  Judy),  and  Punch  victorious  over 
both,  M.  A. 


Mcpliej*  ta  Minor  ^utviti. 

Biblical  Epitomex  (2"'>  S.  11.  386.)  —  I  have  two 
metrical  abstracts  of  the  Bible. 

1.  at  the  end  of  a  Vulgate,  Paris,  1523.  "  Per 
Magistrum  Franciscum  Golthi,  ordinis  Minorum." 
It  begins,  — 

*'  Ante  fit  lux  producitur 
Dividens  aquas  congregat,"  &c. 

The  New  Testament  begins,  •— 
"  A  quibus  venit  dominus 
Mattheus  patres  exhibet,"  &c. 

2.  is  In  Greek,  and  Is  Intituled  — 

"EN-  MIKPO  MErA,  fjTOi  (rvvo>j/i^  Ke^aKaiwSr)?  tou  'Iitto- 
piKOV  T^s  leaivrji  Ka\  jraAatas  Sia^Kijs  Sta  ixerpiav  jrotKiXuv  Kal 
StaAsiCTWv  TQu  T^n'eivov  ixeydKov  fleoAoyov  ttj?  ayias  toO  Xpi'tr- 
TOU  /xeyaAy)s  cKxArjcrias  Kal  riav  cnravTaxov  Si.Sa(ryaK(av  i^apxov 
Kai  iepoKYipxJKOs  lAAPIONOS  KYrAAAKYIPIOY.^" 

It  begins,— 

"  HfVTa^i^Xov  yivitriv  Maxrijs  <rvveypa\f/aTO  wpiirotj 
Kder/aoi'T'  apxeyoixavre  SvdScKa  (jvv  Trarpiapx^'^-" 

This  Is  manuscript.  I  do  not  know  whether 
published.     Who  was  this  Hilarion  of  Cyprus  ?  * 

J.  C.  J. 

TotUll  Pedigree  (2"''  S.  ii.  372.)  —  Having,  like 
A.,  experienced  some  difficulty  in  respect  to  the 
descent  of  Tothlll  of  Shardeloes,  I  send  the  in- 
formation I  possess,  in  hope  that  some  of  your  cor- 
respondents will  be  enabled  to  throw  light  upon 
the  subject. 

William  Tothlll  was  born  In  Devonshire,  as 
appears  by  his  monument  in  Amersham  Church  ; 
he  was  one  of  the  Six  Clerks  In  Chancery,  and  pur- 
chased Shardeloes,  co.  Bucks,  in  the  time  of  Eliza- 
beth, from  the  Cheynes.     He  married  Katherine, 

[*  See  Alban  Butler's  Lims,  Oct.  21.] 


2'"i  S.  N«  m,  Dec.  20.  '56,] 


NOTES  AND  QUEBIES. 


49V 


daughter  of  Sir  John  Denham  the  judge,  and 
sister  of  Sir  John  Denhara  the  poet,  and  it  appears 
by  the  parish  register  at  Amersham,  that  she  was 
buried  June  29,  1626,  and  her  husband  the  10th 
of  December  following. 

The  arras  of  Tothill,  as  quartered  by  the  Drakes 
on  their  monuments  in  Aofiersham  Church,  Az.  on 
a  bend,  arg.  cotised,  or,  a  lion  passant,  sa.,  were 
granted  in  1563  (by  WiUiapi  Harvey  Clarencieux) 
to  Geoffrey  Tothill,  Recorder  of  Exeter :  88  it 
would  therefore  appear  that  William  Tothill  was 
descended  from  the  Recorder,  I  send  a  pedigree 
compiled  from  the  Visitations  and  Westcote's 
Collections. 

Geoffrey  TothiH}  of  Peamore,  co.  Devon,  Re- 
corder of  Exeter  from  1563  to  1574,  in  which 
year  he  probably  died  ;  by  his  wife  Joan,  daughter 
of  Robert  Dillon  of  Chimwell,  he  had  three  sons, 
Henry,  Robert,  and  Aris.  I^enry,  the  ehlest,  in- 
herited Peamore,  and  was  Sheriff  of  Devon  in 
1623  and  1624 ;  he  married  Mary,  daughter  and 
heir  of  Nicholas  Spark  of  Dunsford,  and  had  by 
her  a  son  Nicholas,  who  died  December  22nd, 
1622,  and  was  burled  at  Shillingford,  and  two 
daughters,  Joane,  the  wife  of  Robert  Norleigh  of 
Matford,  who  inherited  Peamore,  and  Grace,  the 
wife  of  William  Tothill  of  the  Middle  Temple  (her 
second  cousin)  ;  she  died  February  24,  1623,  aged 
eighteen,  and  was  buried  at  Exminster,  leaving 
no  issue. 

From  a  comparison  of  dates  it  would  appear 
that  William  Tothill,  of  Shardeloes,  was  a  son  of 
either  Robert  or  Aria,  and  grandson  of  the  Re- 
corder ;  but  can  any  reader  of  **  N.  &  Q."  say  of 
which,  and  who  bis  mother  was?     John  Tuckett. 

35.  Hart  Street,  Bloomsbury. 

"  Call  me  not  pale,  but  fair"  (2"'^  S,  ji,  431,)-" 
C.  S.  G,  T.  will  find  the  following  line  in  the  con- 
clusion to  part  the  first  of  Coleridge's  Christabel  :■ 
"  Her  face,  Oh  call  it  fair,  pot  pale," 

J.  K.  R.  W. 

Grace  Worthier/  (2"^  S.  i.  144.)  —  Mr.  Stein- 
man  will  find  an  account  of  this  unfortunate  lady 
in  the  introduction  to  the  Diary  of  the  Times  of 
Charles  II.,  edited  by  R.  W,  Blencowe  in  1843. 
In  one  of  her  letters'  addressed  to  Henry  Lord 
Sidney,  p.  xxxii.  she  says : 

«  How  I  wish  I  were  to  accompany  King  William  in 
his  progress  into  Cheshire;  that  I  might  once  before  I 
die  iiuake  a  visit  to  the  great  old  wooden  house  at  Stoak, 
within  three  n\ilea  of  Nant^\^ch,  where  I  was  born  anci 
bred ;  and  if  your  Lordship  does  attend  on  the  king  in 
his  progress,  let  me  beg  of  you  to  make  a  step  to  Stoak, 
'tis  but  fourteen  miles  from  West  Chester,  and  I  hear  the 
king  goes  to  Chester.  You  will  find  my  Cousin,  Edward 
MynshuU,  will  give  you  a  very  generous  entertainment, 
and  so  will  my  Cousin  Sir  Thomas  Mainwaring,  of  Ba- 
delly ;  and  Stanley  of  Houghton,  and  Chemley  of  Vale 
Eoyal;  and  forty  more  of  my  relatives  there;  if  you 
please  to  do  them  the  honour  of  visiting  their  innocent, 


clownish  habitations  {  and  when  you  have  viewed  Stoak 
Hall,  where  I  was  born,  then  I  piust  beg  of  your  Lord- 
ship to  tell  me  whether  you  don't  think  it  was  an  agree- 
able portion  for  me  to  be  attended  from  your  door  by  a 
Constable  and  a  Beadle.  Gaysworth  too  will  be  able  to 
entertain  you,  that  was  my  great  grandfather's ;  but  my 
Lord  Macclesfield  complains  that  the  old  house  is  ready 
to  fall  upon  his  head.  I  love  Gaysworth,  because  my 
Mother  was  born  there.  I  like  Stoak  as  well  *  ♦  *  I 
wish  youv  Lordship  would  incline  to  do  what  is  reason- 
able by  me,  that  I  might  go  into  Cheshire  and  there  end 
my  days.  I  should  enjoy  more  happiness  in  one  month 
in  Cheshire,  than  I  have  done  in  all  the  twenty-five 
years  1  have  miS'Spent  in  London." 

Perhaps  this  extract,  which  I  have  made  from 
one  of  her  letters,  will  give  Mb.  Steinman  all  the 
information  he  wishes  for.  R.  W.  B. 

Ormonde  Arms  on  Rochford  Church  Tower 
(2""^  S.  ii,  418.)  — The  tradition  that  this  tower 
was  built  by  an  Earl  of  Ormonde  in  Henry  VII.'s 
reign  is  most  likely  correct ;  as  Thomas,  the 
seventh  Earl  of  Ormonde,  and  also  Earl  of  Wilt- 
shire in  England,  wag  a  complete  absentee,  living 
on  his  great  possessions  in  England  until  his  death- 
The  tradition  that  he  was  the  builder  of  Rochford 
Tower  is  very  interesting  ;  and  should  there 
linger  other  local  information  about  him  in  the 
neighbourhood,  it  would  be  very  desirable  that  it 
should  be  recorded.  Replies  tq  the  following 
Queries  will  also  be  very  acceptable :  -r-^ 

}.  Where  is  to  be  found  a  full  account  of  the 
English  possessions  of  Thomas,  Earl  of  Orraonde, 
which,  after  his  death,  passed  tp  hi?  hws  general, 
the  Boleyns  and  St.  Legers  ? 

3.  What  is  the  Wazou  pf  the  arnis  on  Roghford 
Church  tower  ?  Jambs  Graves  (Clk.) 

ICilkenny, 

The  Boomerang  (2"^  S.  ii.  407.  475.)  —  In  my 
communication  on  this  subject,  I  omitted  to  say 
that,  instead  of  *'cubitu,"  which  is  destitute  of 
meaning,  I  had  adopted  "  recubitu,"  as  given  by 
Lemaire,  on  the  authority  of  three  of  the  MSS.,  a 
word  which  is  supposed  to  mean  "  by  a  rebound." 
I  say  supposed  only,  because  it  is  in  no  other  in- 
stance to  be  fbund.  "Adlabi"  does  not  of  ne- 
cessity mean,  to  move  in  any  particular  direction, 
but  simply  to  move  from  a  point  where  the  object 
is  at  rest  —  in  this  instance  the  spot  at  which  it 
has  fallen  short  of  the  mark  —  towards  some 
other  point.  "  Propius  "  can  hardly  mean  "  near 
the  beast  aforesaid ; "  for  a  hunter  would  not  be 
likely  to  use  a  weapon  a  second  time,  which  by 
moving  away  from  him,  without  touching  the 
prey,  would  only  entail  additional  trouble  on  the 
thrower.  On  the  other  hand,  if  the  staff  returned 
nearer  the  thrower,  than  it  was  at  the  moment  that 
it  stopped  short  (a  thing  that  the  boomerang 
really  does),  we  can  understand  its  utility  as  a 
hunter's  weapon. 

There  is  considerable  justice  in  what  T.  P.  saya 
as  to  the  ordinary  force  of  "  etiamsi ; "  still  Pliny 


498 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'"J  S.  No  51.,  Dec.  20.  '56. 


is  sometimes  lax  in  the  use  of  his  particles,  and  I 
am  inclined  to  think  that  here  it  means  no  more 
than  "  si."  The  Chapter  is  lxxii.  according  to 
the  numeration  introduced  by  Hardouin,  and  now 
generally  used.  Holland  follows  the  old,  and  very 
inconvenient,  numeration  of  the  Chapters  as  given 
by  Dalechamps.  Henry  T.  Riley. 

Chinese  Inscriptions  found  in  Egypt  (2°^  S.  ii. 
387.) — There  is  now  no  doubt  of  the  genuine- 
ness of  the  small  porcelain  phials  found  in  the 
tombs  of  Egypt  by  Sir  G.  Wilkinson,  Rosellini, 
&c.  There  was  a  doubt  at  first,  which  arose  from 
the  fact  being  so  startling ;  but  that  was  set  at 
rest  by  the  discovery  of  several  by  different 
people.  The  last,  I  believe,  were  found  in  the 
Egypto- Assyrian  tombs  by  Mr.  Layard.  That 
found  by  Rosellini  was  ascribed  by  him  to  a  very 
early  date,  somewhere  about  the  thirteenth  or 
fourteenth  century  b.c.  The  material  in  all  cases 
is  of  an  inferior  quality,  and  so  agreeing  with  an 
early  date.  Eight  have  been  discovered  in  the 
Theban  tombs.  There  is  now  in  the  Museum  a 
more  interesting  specimen  from  Assyria  than  any 
of  the  Egyptian  :  it  is  a  small  bowl  of  "  crackle 
porcelain."  This  also  is  of  quite  rude  material, 
but  the  cracking  uncommonly  like  that  of  more 
modern  times.  I  think  there  is  little  doubt  but 
that  porcelain  was  the  murrhina  of  the  ancients, 
introduced  at  Rome  by  Pompey.  It  probably 
came  to  Egypt  through  India.  There  are  still 
some  who  consider  these  vases  as  forgeries,  put  in 
the  tombs  by  the  Arabs  ;  but  this  is  hardly  likely 
in  so  many  instances.  Nor  is  there  any  improba- 
bility in  their  antiquity,  for  it  is  known  that  por- 
celain was  quite  common  in  China  in  the  second 
century  a.d.  J.  C.  J. 

Did  Handel  possess  a  Musical  Library  f  (2°'^  S. 
i.  75.)  —  Salopiensis,  in  his  Query,  as  above, 
writes  that  "  Handel,  it  is  believed,  left  his  music 
by  will  to  his  amanuensis  Mr.  Smith  ;"  and  then 
inquires,  "  Is  there  any  record  respecting  it,  and 
was  there  much  besides  the  fair  copies  of  his  own 
compositions  "  ? 

Having  by  me  Coxe's  Anecdotes  of  G.  F.  Han- 
del and  J.  C.  Smith  (1799),  I  transcribe  what  re- 
lates to  the  above  points  : 

"  To  Mr.  Smith  he  (Handel)  left  all  his  MS.  music  in 
score,  his  harpsichord,  on  which  almost  all  that  music 
had  been  composed,  his  portrait,  painted  by  Denner,  and 
his  bust,  by  Roubiliac. 

"  It  had  been  Handel's  wish,  that  all  the  MS.  music 
should  be  assigned  to  Oxford,  and  preserved  in  the  Uni- 
versitj' Library ;  and  with  that  attention  to  his  posthu- 
mous fame  and  regard  to  an  University  which  had  been 
sensible  of  his  merits,  he  proposed  to  give  Smith  a  legacy 
of  three  thousand  pounds,  if  he  would  resign  his  claim  to 
the  promise  which  Handel  had  made  to  him.  But  he 
had  too  much  enthusiasm  for  the  art,  and  too  great  a 
veneration  for  the  productions  of  so  able  a  composer,  his 
friend  and  instructor,  to  relinquish  for  any  pecuniary 


consideration  so  inestimable  a  prize ;  and  Handel  faith- 
fully performed  his  promise  at  his  death." 

It  is  also  stated,  that  the  Princess  Dowager  of 
Wales,  having  engaged  Mr.  Smith  as  her  master 
on  the  harpsichord,  placed  him  on  her  household, 
with  a  salary  of  two  hundred  pounds  a  year, 
which,  being  continued  to  Smith  by  the  King  on 
the  Princess's  death,  the  biographer  says  : 

"  In  a  mind  so  constituted  as  that  of  Mr,  Smith,  where 
liberality  and  disinterestedness  were  distinguishing  fea- 
tures, it  is  easy  to  be  supposed  that  gratitude  would  be 

no  less  conspicuous He 

accordingly  exprest  that  .'gratitude  in  a  waj'  which  he 
thought  most  acceptable  to  his  Sovereign,  and  in  the 
fulness  of  his  heartfelt  acknowledgment,  presented  to  the 
King  the  rich  legacj'  which  Handel  had  left  him,  of  all 
his  MS.  music  in  score.  The  harpsichord,  so  remarkable 
for  the  ivory  being  indented  by  Handel's  continued  exer- 
tions, and  on  which,  as  has  been  already  related,  the  far 
greater  part  of  his  MS.  had  been  composed,  and  his  bust 
bj'  Roubiliac,  he  sent  afterwards  to  Windsor  Castle.  Of 
all  that  his  great  instructor  had  bequeathed  to  him,  he 
only  retained  to  himself  the  portrait  painted  by  Denner." 

A  note  informs  us  that  — 

"  The  great  Frederick,  King  of  Prussia,  offered  Smith 
two  thousand  pounds  for  Handel's  MSS.,  but  he  was  un- 
willing to  let  such  a  treasure  go  out  of  England." 

Edwin  Roffe. 

The  Greek  Cross  (2°'>  S.  ii.  190.  257.)  — Several 
of  our  cathedrals,  as,  for  instance,  Salisbury  and 
Worcester,  have  a  second  or  eastern  transept, 
which  in  ecclesiastical  symbolism  represented  the 
scroll  written  above  the  cross.  In  the  priest's 
Greek  cross  to  which  your  correspondent  alludes, 
the  projection,  I  have  no  doubt,  is  the  same  as 
that  which  Bp.  Beveridge  thus  describes  in  one  of 
his  sermons  (No.  xv.)  ; 

"  Mount  Calvary,  the  place  of  His  execution.  Behold 
there  an  upright  piece  of  timber  fixed  in  the  ground,  with 
another  little  piece  jutting  out  about  the  middle,  and  a 
cross  beam  towards  the  top  of  it  !  Behold  His  body 
raised  up  and  seated  on  the  foresaid  middle  piece.  His  feet 
nailed  one  over  the  other  towards  the  bottom  !  and  His 
hands  one  to  the  one  side,  and  the  other  to  the  other  side 
of  the  Cross  beam  1 " 

That  the  good  bishop  may  have  had  some  sacred 
Greek  picture  before  him  while  he  wrote  these 
words  is  no  improbable  supposition,  when  we 
recal  his  laborious  oriental  studies. 

Mackenzie  Walcott,  M.A. 

James  Baird  of  Chesterhall  (2°^  S.  ii.  308.)  — 
James  Baird  was  admitted  a  Writer  to  the  Signet 
in  Edinburgh,  July  19,  1697,  and  held  the  office 
of  Clerk  to  the  Wardrobe  in  Scotland  at  the  time 
of  his  death  in  July,  1741.  This  office  had  a 
salary  of  30Z.  attached  to  it,  and  must  have  become 
a  sinecure.  His  widow,  Mrs.  Margaret  Oswald, 
died  at  Scotstown,  April  27,  1764,  and  as  Sigma 
Theta  calls  his  wife  a  daughter  of  — '■ —  Watson 
of  Bilton  Park,  he  must  have  been  twice  married. 
He  was  succeeded  in  his  estate  by  his  son  Dr. 


2»'>  S.  No  51.,  Dec.  20.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


499 


James  Baird,  physician  in  Edinburgh,  who  died 
May  3,  1790,  being  then  the  Senior  Fellow  of  the 
Koyal  College  of  Physicians  there.  James,  the 
clerk,  may  have  been  of  the  family  of  Baird  of 
Newbyth,  but  I  have  seen  no  evidence  of  his  filia- 
tion. R.  R. 

Brahanqons  (2"''  S.  i.  393.)  — The  word  routier 
is  derived  from  ruptarius,  the  medieval  Latin 
name  given  to  these  hireling  troops  ;  and  that,  in 
its  turn,  most  probably,  from  the  Latin  rumpo, 
ruptum,  "  to  destroy  with  violence,"  in  reference 
to  their  lawless  character.  They  were  called 
Coterelli,  or  Cotteratix,  from  their  use  of  a  large 
knife  or  coterel :  a  name  first  given  to  them,  it  is 
said,  by  the  people  of  Toulouse.  According  to 
some  authorities,  however,  they  were  so  called 
from  cotarius,  a  "  cottager,"  in  consequence  of 
their  habit  of  levying  contributions  on  the  pea- 
santry. Henrt  T.  Rilet. 

"  Trafalgar"  (P*  S.  x.  145.)— The  anonymous 
drama  Trafalgar,  or  the  Sailors'  Play,  printed  at 
Uxbridge  in  1807,  was  written  by  William  Perry, 
M.D.,  of  Hillingdon. 

For  this  information  I  am  indebted  to  the  au- 
thor's son,  Septimus  Perry,  Esq.,  of  Hillingdon. 

R.  Inglis. 

ErdeswicKs  "  Staffordshire  "  (2"'*  S.  ii.  403.)  — 
The  documents  here  printed  show  that  Curll  un- 
dertook to  print  Erdeswick's  Survey  of  Stafford- 
shire, but  S.  N.  M.  is  incorrect  in  saying  "a  new 
edition ; "  as,  up  to  that  time,  the  work  had  been 
circulated  only  by  the  multiplication  of  manu- 
script copies,  —  of  which  a  large  number  are  now 
assembled  in  the  Staffordshire  collection  of  Wil- 
liam Salt,  Esq.,  F.S.A.  The  work  of  Erdeswick 
was  published  by  Curll  in  8vo.,  1717  ;  republished, 
not  reprinted,  by  W.  Mears  and  J.  Hooke,  1723  : 
it  was  re-edited  by  the  Rev.  Thomas  Harwood, 
in  1820,  Svo. ;  and  a  second,  time  by  the  same 
editor  in  1844. 

In  p.  412.,  a  similar  error  is  committed  by  N. 
E.  P.  Camden's  Visitation  of  Huntingdonshire 
was  not  "reprinted"  by  the  Camden  Society;  but 
printed  for  the  first  time  (under  the  editorship  of 
Sir  Henry  Ellis)  from  the  original  MS.  in  the 
British  Museum.  J.  G.  N. 

Horse  Godmother  {l""^  S.  ii.  400.)  — The  phrase 
for  "  a  coarse  masculine  woman  "  is  common  both 
in  England  and  Ireland.  The  word  horse  is  a 
frequent  prefix  to  signify  coarseness,  —  horse- 
laugh, horse-play,  horse-chesnut,  horse-radish,  &c. 

Parochial  Libraries  (2""*  S.  ii.  218.)  —  There  is 
one  at  Tong  Church,  Salop,  kept  in  the  vestry. 
The  chalice  at  the  same  church  is  also  worthy  of 
inspection,  the  bowl  being  formed  out  of  a  ring  of 
crystal.  A. 


Gower  Queries  (2"''  S.  ii.  409.)  —  Will  the  fol- 
lowing further  "  guesses  at  truth  "  be  of  any  use 
to  Mr.  Dai.dy  ? 

AnahuUa  for  ampulla,  "  anything  blown  or  puffed 
up,  like  a  bottle ; "  used  by  Horace  for  bombast  or 
rhodomontade. 

Honochinus  for  onochilus,  a  word  used  by  Pliny 
for  a  kind  of  herb. 

Metrede  for  metreta,  "  a  measure." 

Scomer  =  scumrner,  •'  excrement."  See  Nares's 
Glossary, 

Wowe-=.wogh  (A.-S.  wag),  "any  partition, 
whether  of  boards  or  mudwalls,  or  laths  and. 
lime."  (Thoresby,  "  Letter  to  Ray.") 

J.  Eastwood. 

Eckington. 

Ancient  Parliamentary  Speech  (2'^  S.  ii.  430.) 
—  W.  K.  R.  B.,  alluding  to  Sir  Robert  Mansel 
vindicating  the  honour  of  the  flag,  asks  if  "  the 
incident  referred  to  is  to  be  found  recorded  in 
print  ?  "     Yes,  and  here  it  is  :  — 

"  To  bring  these  Embassadors  over,  were  appointed  Sir 
Robt.  Mansel,  Vice  Admiral  of  the  narrow  seas,  and  Sir 
Jerome  Turner  his  Vice  Admiral ;  the  first  commanded  to 
attend  at  Graveling  for  the  Spanish  Embassador,  the 
latter  at  Calls  for  the  French ;  but  the  French  coming 
first,  and  hearing  the  Vice  Admiral  was  to  attend  him, 
the  Admiral  the  other ;  in  a  scorn  put  himself  in  a  pas- 
sage boat  of  Calls,  came  forth  with  flag  in  top,  instantly 
Sir  Jerome  Turner  sent  to  know  of  the  Admiral  what  he 
should  do  ?  Sir  Robt.  Mansel  sent  him  word,  to  shoot, 
and  strike  him,  if  he  would  not  take  in  the  flag,  this,  as 
it  made  the  flag  be  pulled  in,  so  a  great  complaint,  and 
'twas  believed  it  would  have  undone  Sir  Robt.  Mansel  the 
French  faction  put  it  so  home ;  but  he  maintained  the 
Act,  and  was  the  better  beloved  of  his  master  ever  after, 
to  his  dying  days."  —  From  The  Court  and  Character  of 
King  James,  written  and  taken  by  Sir  A.  W.  (^Sir  Anthony 
Weldon'),  being  an  eye  and  eare  witness. 

I  have  one  or  two  more  Notes  about  the  gallant 
old  Admiral,  but  they  do  not  bear  on  the  present 
subject.  J.  Bennett. 

H.  M.  Dockyard,  Portsmouth. 


NOTES    ON    BOOKS,    ETC. 

l{  Punch  be  right  in  his  anticipations,  and  the  year 
1999  sees  "N.  &  Q."  in  full  vigour,  solving  the  doubts  of 
the  doubtful,  it  may  then  well  be  a  question  in  its  pages 
hew  far  the  Great  Art  Exhibition  of  1857  owed  its  exist- 
ence to  John  Murray  of  Albemarle  Street,  and  the  many 
excellent  works  illustrative  of  Art,  and  of  the  Collections 
of  Art  in  this  country,  issued  by  that  eminent  bibliopole. 
Seriously,  the  knowledge  of  the  materials  for  such  an 
exhibition  contained  in  Waagen's  Treasures  of  Art  in 
Great  Britain,  must  have  exercised  no  small  influence  in 
promoting  it ;  and  when  we  call  to  mind  his  other  pub- 
lications of  the  same  character,  such  as  Eastlake's  Schools 
of  Painting  in  Italy,  Head's  Handbook  of  Painting  from 
the  German  of  Kugler,  Wornum's  Italian  Painters,  §-c., 
we  can  as  little  doiibt  that  Murray  has  done  much,  indi- 
rectly albeit,  to  prepare  the  way  for  the  Manchester 


500 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2ndS.  N<>51.,  Dec.  20.  '56. 


Exhibition,  as  thit  the  books  We  hare  Wferted  to  will 
Tbecome  Handbooks  to  such  an  Exhibition.  ^These  re- 
marks have  been  called  from  us  by  another  work  of 
similar  character,  just  issued  by  the  same  iirm.  The  Early 
Flemish  Painters,  their  Works  and  Arts,  by  J.  A,  Crowe 
and  G.  B.  Cavalcaselle.  The  Flemish  School  has  loiig 
been  a  great  favourite  in  England ;  and  a  work  dSvOted 
to  its  history,  in  which  the  researches  of  continental 
inquirers  are  combined  with  the  results  of  the  personal 
inspection  by  the  authors  of  all  the  great  pictures  belong- 
ing to  this  School,  cannot  fail  to  be  welcome  to  the  art- 
loving  public  of  this  country. 

Under  the  title  of  a  Library  of  Old  Authors,  Mr.  Rttssell 
Smith  has  commenced  an  extensive  series  of  reprints  of 
the  best  productions  of  our  early  literature.  If  all  the 
volumes  are  as  well  selected  and  carefully  edited  as  one 
now  before  us,  the  work  will  not  onl}'  be  creditable  and 
profitable  to  Mr.  Smith,  but  a  real  boon  to  the  lovers  of 
old  English  books.  It  is  entitled  The  Miscellaneous 
Works  in  Prose  and  Verse  of  Sir  Thomas  Overbury, 
Knight,  710W  first  collected ;  edited,  with  Notes,  and  a  Bio- 
graphical Account  of  the  Author,  by  Edward  F.  Rimbault, 
LL.D.  It  is  of  course  unnecessary  to  say  a  word  as  to 
the  propriety  and  advantage  of  collecting  together  the 
works  of  the  accomplished  author  of  The  Wife  —  in  that 
no  mean  poet  —  and  of  The  Characters — in  that  a  yet 
more  excellent  prose  writer  —  for  his  English  is  English, 
nervous,  and  manly.  While  those  who  remember  the 
care  and  industry  with  which  Dr.  Rimbault  has  alwaj'S 
illustrated  any  reprints  he  has  undertaken,  will  riot  re- 
quire one  word  from  as  as  to  the  able  manner  in  which 
he  has  executed  his  task  upon  the  present  occasion. 

We  must  dismiss  with  a  few  words  two  t'olumes  of  an 
antiquarian  character  which  are  waiting  for  our  notice. 
The  lirst,  Hie  Northmen  in  Cumberland  and  Westmoreland, 
by  R.  Ferguson,  is  the  substance  of  a  popular  lecture  ad- 
dressed to  a  Cumberland  audience  on  the  leading  facts 
contained  in  Worsaae's  Danes  and  Norwegians  in  Eng- 
land, and  a  volume  well  calculated  to  interest  the  men  of 
Cumberland.  The  fiext  is  one  to  interest  Cornish  men, 
more  particularly  at  the  present  time,  when  a  proposition 
has  been  advanced,  and  seriously  entertained,  of  reviving 
their  ancient  bishoprick.  Its  object  is  sufficiently  shown 
.by  its  title,  The  Anglo-  Saxon  Episcopate  of  Cornwall,  with 
some  Account  of  the  Bishops  qf  Crediton,  by  E.  H.  Pedler, 
Esq. 

Lady  Wallace,  to  whom  out  ybuthful  readeM  Were  laSt 
year  indebted  for  the  pretty  tale  of  Princess  Use,  has  this 
Christmas  gathered  for  them  a  companion  volume  quite 
equal,  if  not  superior,  to  Princess  Use.  It  is  entitled 
Voices  from  the  Greenwood,  and  we  are  so  pleased  with 
their  echo,  as  caught  by  Lady  Wallace,  that  we  can 
hardly  bring  ourselves  to  say  what  we  ought  to  say.  In 
what  forests  of  Germany  or  Denmark  was  Lady  Wallace 
wandering  when  she  heard  them  ? 

Success  to  the  Photographic  Society!  Success  to  its 
active  and  intelligent  Secretary !  Success  to  King's  Col- 
lege !  In  the  great  hall  of  the  latter,  by  the  energy  of  the 
second,  and  the  contributipns  of  the  Societ}'  itself,  an  ex- 
hibition was  formed  which,  on  Wednesday  evening,  was 
thronged  by  all  the  notables  of  literature  and  science  in 
the  metropolis,  and  graced  by  the  presence  of  crowds  of 
elegant  women.  When  will  some  of  our  older  Societies 
see  the  wisdom  of  following  this  sensible  example? 

Hotten,  the  bookseller  of  Piccadillj',  seeing  the  interest 
just  now  taken  in  Pope,  has  issued  a  Catalogue,  in  whicb 
will  be  found  a  curious  list  of  books  illustrative  of  the 
life  and  writings  of  the  poet ;  and  some  Adversaria,  touch- 
ing those  and  other  points  of  literary  interest.  While  on 
the  subject  of  Catalogues,  we  may  also  call  attention  to 
the  valuable  Catalogue  of  Autographs  lately  issued  by 
Messrs.  Waller  of  Fleet  Street. 


BOO^S    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WAi«tED   TO   PUfeCHASE. 

Bacon's  I^ovum  Obgandm.   Translated  by  Peter  Shaw.    2  Vols.    12mo. 

1802. 
Willooobbt's  Obnitholoot  of  the   Codnty  Of  Warwick,    By  BA^. 
Plates.    i0i9. 

TliR    BuiNS   OF    LevEDEN,   WITH    HlSTOBICAI,    NOTICES  OF    THE  FaMII-V    OP 

Tresham  and  its  Connexion  with  the  Gunpowder  Plot. 
The  Hundred  and  Ten  Considekations  of    Sionior    John  Valdesso. 
Translated  ffom  Italian  into  English,  irtth  Notes.    Either  or  both 
editions  of  1638  and  1616. 

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JjETTERs  from  PALstYHA.    Type  loHS  primer.  Or  larger- 
PoRTCNsiAN  iJfDE*  to  thb  fiidth.    Smith  *  Elder.    (Two  copies.) 
Post  Office  London  Directory.    A  late  edition.    Second-hand. 

Wanted  by  Charles  F.  Blackburn,  Bookseller,  Leamington. 

GauoAin's  Lady's  Assistant  in  KuttTmdj 

Hand  Book  of  Graphic  Geometry.    TyaS. 

Law  JouRNAt,  FOR  1849  AND  1850. 

Common  Prayer.     ISimo.     1852.    Pickering. 

Law  Journal.   Patts  for  Oct.,  Nov.,  Dec  IS55. 

Gur's  Hospital  BeportSi.    Part  2  of  "Vol,  VII,    1850, 

Young's  Travels  in  Prance. 

Platt's  Self  Interpreting  New  Testament. 

Wanted  by  Thos.  Keralake,  Bristol. 

W.  &  Beckett's,  Jr.,  TJnivebsAi,   BioORAPHYi     Nos,  143,  to  the  end. 

Mayhew,    1834. 
Oxford  Almanack  for  1719, 
Universal  Magazine  for  January,  1763. 
Memoirs  of  John  Martyn, 
PHiLosdrRicAL  Transactions  For  1683, 

Any  Volumes  of  Notes  and  Queries.    Old  Series,  in  Numbers. 
Gouoa't  British  TopoORAPHYi    Vols,  I.  8c  II. 

tVauted  by  H.  T.  Sobart,  Ashby-de-la-Zouch, 


?r«  have  been  compelled  to  postpone  until  next  week  many  clinoiu 
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Notes  on  the  Feast  of  Fools  i  Bacon  and  Shakspeare,  •Src.  ;  arid  Edward 
II. 's  Retreat  into  Glamorganshire. 

Can  a  Clergyman  Marry  himself  ?  — E.  W.  D.,  whose  article  on 
this  subject  appeared  in  our  5th  Volume,  is  requested  to  say  where  a  letter 
may  be  addressed  to  him. 

T.  V.  will  find  much  concerning  St.  Thomas  of  Lancaster  i7i  our  1st  S. 
1.  181.  234; ;  ii,  182,  269,  )  ill,  3J9. 

A  Sobscbibeh  ab  iNiiio  is  thafiked /or  hii  stttfijestlott,  wflicA  iluill  ri- 
ceive  our  best  attention. 

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N.  ivho  asks  respecting  the  quotation,  "  A  sunbeam  passes  throngh 
pollution  unpolluted,"  is  referred  to  our  last  Volume,  viz,  2nd  S.  i.  lU. 
304,  442.  502. 

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FOR  the  Editor  should  be  addressed. 


PREPARING    FOB    IMMEDIATE    PUBLICATION. 

CHOICE     NOTES 

FlloM 

KOTES  AND   QTJEElES. 


Vol.  I.  —  History. 

It  having  been  suggested  that  from  the  valuable  materials  scattered 
through  the  FIRST  SERIES  of  NOTES  AND  QUERIES,  a  Selection 
of  Popular  Volumes,  each  devoted  to  some  particular  subject,  might 
with  advantage  he  prepared,  arrangements  have  been  made  for  that 
puiliosp.  and  the  FIRST  VOLUME,  containing  a  collection  of  interest- 
ing HISTORICAL  NOTES  AND  MEMORANDA,  will  be  ready 
very  shortly.    , 

This  will  be  followed  by  similar  volumes  illustrative  of  filOGiRAPHT, 
LITERATURE,  lOLK  LORE,  PROVERBS,  BALLADS,  &e. 

London  ;  BELL  &  DALDY,  186.  Fleet  Street. 


^■"i  S.  No  62.,  Dec.  27.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


501 


LONDON.  SATURDdY,  HECEMBER  27, 1866. 


flaXti, 

DESCRIPTION    OF   A   CURIOUS   ILLUMINATED    MANU- 
SCRIPT RELATING  TO  THE  PHILOSOPHER'S  STONE. 

(^Concluded from  p.  483.) 

Then  comes  a  large  gold  head  of  the  sun,  issuing 
from  (what  I  presume  are  intended  for)  cloutJs. 
On  either  side  are  scrolls,  on  which  are  these 
lines :  — 

"  Like  thy  father  that  phehus  soe  bright 
That  sit  soe  highe  in  Maiestie 
With  liis  beames  that  sliineth  bright 
In  all  pluses  whereuer  he  bee 
For  he  is  father  too  All  thinges 
Maintainer  of  lyfe  too  crop  and  Boots 
And  causeth  nature  for  too  spring 
Why  the  VifFe  being  sote 
For  he  is  salue  too  euery  sore 
To  bringe  aboute  this  precious  worke 
Take  good  heede  into  this  lore 
I  say  too  lawes  and  too  clarke 
And  Omogena  is  his  name 
Which  God  shaped  with  his  hand 
And  Magnesia  is  his  dame 
Thou  shalt  verily  vnderstand 
Now  I  shall  here  Begine 
For  too  teach  the  Redye  waye 
Or  else  little  shalt  thou  weene 
Take  good  heede  what  I  saye." 

"  Divide  phebus  in  Manye  partes 
With  his  beames  that  be  so  bright 
And  this  with  nature  them  coarte 
The  which  is  Mother  of  all  lyghte 
This  phebus  hath  full  Many  a  name 
Which  is  Now  full  hard  too  know 
And  but  ye  take  the  verye  same 
The  phor's  stone  ye  shall  not  know 
Therefore  I  counsell  ere  ye  begine 
Know  thou  well  what  he  bee 
And  that  is  thicke  Make  it  thyn 
For  then  it  shall  right  well  like  the 
Now  vnderstand  what  I  meane 
And  take  good  heede  theretoo 
Thy  woork  els  shall  litell  seene 
And  turne  to  the  full  myckell  wooe 
As  I  have  saide  in  this  lore 
Many  a  name  I  wisse  be  hath 
Sum  behinde  and  some  before 
As  philosephers  there  him  gaue." 

From  the  sun  are  falling  flakes  of  red  and  white. 
Beneath  is  a  crowned  and  human-headed  eagle 
biting  at  its  wing,  and  standing  on  a  globe,  co- 
vered with  waves,  in  which  are  stuck  eight  feathers, 
each  one  labelled  "  Aquila  Spr  Ana."  At  the 
foot  of  the  globe  is  a  scroll,  with  these  words  : 

"  In  the  sea  withouten  lees 
Stoude  the  Byrd  of  Hermes 
Eating  his  winges  variable 
And  maketh  him  selfe  there  full  stable 
When  all  his  Virgis  byre  a  gone 
Hee  stood  still  there  as  a  stone 
Here  in  sow  both  white  and  red 
And  allsoe  the  Stone  too  quicken  the  dead 


All  and  same  without  an  fable 
Both  hard  and  neche  and  malliable 
Vnderstand  now  well  a  right 
And  thacke  God  of  this  sight." 

Beneath  these  lines  is  a  second  scroll,  on  which 
is  written :  "  The  Red  Sea,  The  Red  Soil.  The 
Red  Elexir  Vitse "  And,  beneath  this,  a  third 
scroll,  inscribed:  "the  byrpb  of  hermes  is  Mr 

NAME  EATING  MY  WINGS  TO  MAKE  ME  TAME." 

Beneath  this  is  a  golden  circle,  with  golden  and 
black  rays.  In  the  circle  are  three  balls  —  red, 
white,  and  black  —  linked  together  and  labelled, 
"  The  white  stone,  the  red  stone,  the  Elixir  vite." 
Beneath  this  is  the  crescent  moon,  golden  and 
black,  labelled  "  Luna  Crescane."  This  is  held  in 
the  mouth  of  a  dragon,  whose  twisted  tail  is  also 
passed  through  his  mouth ;  who  stands  upon  a 
winged  globe,  voiding  over  it  crimson  drops.  On 
the  lower  part  of  the  globe  are  three  black  balls. 
Beneath  is  a  scroll,  on  which  is  written  : 

"  I  shall  now  tell  without  leesinge 

How  and  what  is  my  generation 
Omogenie  is  my  father 

And  Magnesia  is  my  mother 
And  Azocke  truly  is  mj-  syster 

And  Rebirt  forsooth  is  my  brother 
The  serpent  of  Araby  is  my  name 

The  which  is  Leader  of  all  this  Game 
That  sumetime  was  woucle  and  wilde 

And  now  I  am  both  meeke  and  milde 
The  sune  and  moone  with  their  might 

Hath  chased  me  that  was  so  light 
My  winges  that  me  braughte 

Hether  and  thether  where  I  thought 
And  with  tlieir  might  thej'  downe  pull 

And  bringeth  me  whether  they  wall 
The  bloode  of  my  harte  I  wisse 

Now  causeth  both  ioye  and  blisse 
And  desolueth  tlie  verie  stone 

And  kniteth  him  or  he  hath  done 
Now  maketh  hard  that  was  light 

Causeth  him  too  ben  fixte 
Of  my  bloode  and  water  I  wisse 

Plentie  in  all  the  world  there  is 
It  renneth  in  euery  place 

Who  him  finde  might  haue  grace 
In  the  world  he  renneth  ouer  all 

And  goeth  rounde  as  a  balle 
But  thou  vnderstand  well  this 

Of  thy  worke  thou  shallt  misse 
Therfore  know  ere  thou  begine 

What  he  is  and  all  his  kynn 
Many  a  name  he  hath  full  suer 

And  all  is  but  on  nature 
Thou  must  part  him  a  three 

And  them  knit  as  the  trinitie 
And  make  them  all  three  but  one 

Loe  here  is  the  philosephers  stone." 

Beneath  this  scroll  is  another,  on  which  is 
written,  — 

"  In  the  name  of  the  Trinitie 

Harke  here  and  ye  shall  see 
Myne  Author  that  formith  this  warke 

Both  first  last  breye  and  darke 
Some  of  them  I  shall  you  tell 

Both  in  Rime  and  in  spell  . 


502 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2na  S.  No  52.,  Dec.  27.  '56. 


Mallapides  plat  and  peion 

And  the  booke  of  turba  philosephorum 
Both  Aristotle  Geber  and  Hermes 

Also  Lully  Morien  and  Rosaries 
Bonelles  Raymondus  and  Albert 

Arnold  and  Percy  the  Muncke  soe  blacks 
Aros  and  Rasces  and  allso  Dessrima 

The  sister  of  Moises  Mary  prophitis 
Baken  also  the  Grate  Clarke 

Firmith  I  wisse  all  this  worke 
All  these  accordeth  now  in  one 

That  here  is  the  philosephers  stone 
Otherwise  it  may  not  bee 

Vnderstand  this  I  counsell  the 
And  praye  thou  God  of  his  grace 

That  thou  maest  haue  tj'me  and  space 
Too  haue  the  troth  of  this  parrable 

Thancke  thou  God  that  is  so  stable 
For  many  a  man  desireth  this 

*      *    Pope  Empror    *      *    I  wisse 
Prest  and  Clarke  and  alsoe  frier 

And  not  so    *    but  the  very  begger 
Now  Jesus    *    it  be  thy  will 

Kepe  vs  from  the  paine  of  hell 
And  as  thou  madest  daies 

Bring  vs  to  the  blese  of  heauen 
All  maner  good  men  in  his  degree- 

Amen  amen  for  Charitie." 

(Towards  the  end  of  these  lines  are  a  few  words 
that  are  partially  obliterated  by  the  rolling  and 
unrolling  of  the  manuscript.) 

The  scroll  on  which  these  lines  are  written  is 
held  by  two  figures  (eight  inches  in  height),  a 
king  and  a  beggar.  The  king  has  a  scarlet  robe 
over  a  blue  one,  white  hair  and  long  beard,  a 
crown,  and  a  golden  staff.  The  beggar  is  in 
ragged  grey  and  blue  clothes,  with  a  hood ;  a 
small  bag  (or  purse)  on  his  right  side,  a  scarlet 
belt  slung  over  his  right  shoulder,  supporting  a 
bag  on  his  left  side.  His  legs  are  half  naked,  he 
has  loose  stockings,  and  black  boots.  Under  his 
right  arm  is  a  long  staff  terminating  in  a  horse's 
hoof,  and  having  a  scroll  folded  round  its  upper 
part.  Below  these  figures  is  the  following  line, 
which  would  appear  to  be  the  moral  of  the  whole, 
"  Si  Queras  In  Merdis  Secreta  Philosophorum 
Expensum  Perdis  Opera  Tempus  Que  Laborem." 

CUTHBEBT  BeDE,  B.A. 


EDWARD   II.  S    RETREAT   INTO    GLAMORGANSHIRE. 

In  the  first  volume  of  The  Lives  of  the  Lord 
Chancellors  and  Keepers  of  the  Great  Seal  of 
England,  by  Lord  Crtuipbell,  tiiere  are  errors  of 
some  importance,  which  .should  be  rectified  in  the 
new  edition  now  preparing  for  publicHtion.  These 
errors  are  contained  in  the  following  extracts 
from  the  work*,  and  relate  to  some  of  the  last 
events  in  the  life  of  Edward  II. 

"On  the  2nth  of  October  1326,  the  King  having  gone 
away  with  Hugh  le  Despencer  to  Ireland  and  left  the 
realm  without  any  government,  the  prelates,  earls,  barons, 

*  Pages  204.  and  205.  of  the  second  edition. 


and  knights  assembled  at  Bristol  and  chose  Edward  the 
King's  son,  Custos  of  the  kingdom  whilst  his  father  con- 
tinued absent.  On  the  same  day  the  Prince  assumed  the 
government  and  issued  the  necessary  legal  proceedings 
under  his  privy  seal, '  because  he  had  no  other  for  the 
purpose.' 

"  When  the  King  returned  from  Ireland  he  found  him- 
self already  dethroned.  The  Queen  was  now  in  the  en- 
joyment of  supreme  power.  She  kept  her  husband  in 
close  confinement,  hypocritically  pretending  to  lament  his 
misfortunes.  She  pretended  to  associate  the  Prince  her 
sou  with  herself  in  the  government ;  and  she  contrived 
to  get  the  Great  Seal  into  her  possession,  which  consider- 
ably facilitated  her  proceedings,  for  less  respect  was  paid 
by  the  multitude  to  the  privy  seal  which  she  had  hitherto 
used. 

"The  Bishop  of  Hereford  was  sent  to  the  King  at 
Kenilworth,  with  a  deceitful  message,  to  request  that  he 
would  give  such  directions  respecting  the  Great  Seal  as 
were  necessary  for  the  conservation  of  the  peace,  and  the 
due  administration  of  justice.  The  King,  without  friend 
or  adviser,  said  he  would  send  the  Seal  to  his  Queen  and 
son,  not  only  for  these  purposes,  but  likewise  for  matters 
of  grace.  He  then  handed  the  Great  Seal  to  Sir  William 
le  Blount,  who  on  the  30th  of  November  delivered  it  to 
the  Queen  and  the  Prince ;  but  the  Queen  had  the  un- 
controlled dominion  over  it.  She  pretended  to  hand  it 
over  to  Ayremyne,  the  Master  of  the  Rolls,  as  Keeper, 
and  she  employed  it  to  summon  a  parliament  at  West- 
minster, in  her  husband's  name,  for  the  purpose  of  de- 
posing him.  According  to  the  tenour  of  the  writs  under 
the  Great  Seal,  the  parliament  was  to  be  held  before  the 
King,  if  he  should  be  present ;  and  if  not  before  Isabel, 
the  Queen-consort,  and  Edward,  the  King's  son." 

The  errors  referred  to  are  contained  in  the  pre- 
ceding extracts,  and  a  brief  notice  of"  the  military- 
writs  issued  by  Edward  after  the  hostile  landing 
of  Isabella  will  prove  that  he  did  not  go  to  Ire- 
land, but  that  his  flight  was  into  Glamorganshire 
in  South  Wales. 

Isabella  landed  near  Harwich  on  September 
25,  1326,  and  on  October  10,  military  writs  were 
tested  by  Edward  at  Gloucester,  calling  out  with 
the  utmost  expedition  levies  from  the  Marches 
and  Borders  of  Wales.  (Rot.  Pat.  20  Edw.  II. 
M.  12.)  On  October  12,  theKing  was  atWestbury, 
near  Newnham.  (See  Patent  Rolls,  M.  12.  of  that 
date.)  On  the  14th  and  15th  he  was  at  Tintern, 
where  he  appointed  Thomas  de  Bradeston  to  the 
custody  of  Berkeley  Castle.  On  October  16,  the 
King  was  at  Striguil  Castle,  where  he  remained  a 
few  days.  On  Monday  the  20th  he  empowered 
Hugh  le  Despenser,  Edmond  Hacluit,  and  Bogo 
de  Knoyville,  to  seize  the  castles  of  Grosmont, 
Skeufreth,  and  Whitcastle,  whilst  John  Bennet 
was  directed  to  seize  the  castle  of  Monnumth. 
On  Monday,  October  27,  the  King  was  at  Cardiff, 
still  taking  measures  to  cover  his  retreat.  At 
Cardiff  the  King  appointed  Howell  ap  Yorwerth 
ap  Griffith  and  Howell  ap  David  to  raise  the 
whole  population  of  Maghay  [Magor]  and  Went- 
Iwg.  Writs,  of  the  same  date,  were  addressed  to 
Evan  ap  Meuric  and  Evan  ap  Morgan  for  Nethes- 
land  and  Kilvey,  and  various  other  individuals 
received  similar  appointments  for  the  difierent 


2°<i  S.  No  52.,  Dec.  27.  '66.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


503 


districts  of  Glamorganshire.  Commissions  were 
also  issued  for  Usk  and  Abergavenny  and  the  ad- 
joining territories  of  Monmouthshire.  (Rot.  Pat. 
20  Edward  II.  M.  7.) 

On  October  28,  another  writ  is  tested  by  the 
King  at  Cardiff,  ordering  the  levy  of  400  foot 
soldiers  of  the  land  of  Glamorgan.  From  Cardiff 
the  King  removed  to  Caerphilly,  whence  on  Oc- 
tober 29  and  30  he  issued  commissions  giving  ex- 
tensive powers  for  raising  forces  in  Pembrokeshire, 
Glamorganshire,  and  Monmouthshire.  On  Nov. 
4,  he  arrived  at  Margam,  granted  or  confirmed  the 
manor  of  Kenton  to  the  abbot,  and  issued  a  writ 
directing  the  guarding  of  the  coast  and  sea-ports 
against  his  enemies  and  rebels.  The  following 
day,  November  5,  the  King  was  at  Neath,  and 
tested  at  that  place  a  writ  for  raising  all  the 
forces  of  Gower,  both  horse  and  foot.  (Rot.  Pat. 
20  Edward  II.,  R.  7.)  On  Nov.  10,  the  King  issued 
at  Neath  a  safe-conduct  for  the  A.bbot  of  Neath, 
Rees  ap  Griffith,  Edward  de  Bohun,  Oliver  of 
Bourdeaux,  and  John  de  Harsik,  as  envoys  to 
Isabella.  This  document  is  given  in  the  Patent 
Rolls  in  the  Tower.  {Foedera,  p.  647.  vol.  ii.  part 
1.  edit.  1818.)  The  seizure  of  the  unfortunate 
King  took  place  on  Sunday,  November  16,  and  he 
was  yielded  up  to  the  charge  of  Henry  of  Lan- 
caster. Edward  was  then  removed  to  Monmouth, 
and  there,  on  Nov.  20,  delivered  up  the  Great 
Seal  to  Sir  Wm.  le  Blount,  who  gave  it  up  to  the 
Queen  at  Marlley,  in  Worcestershire,  on  Nov.  26, 
1326.  On  the  30th-  of  that  month,  Edward  II. 
was  at  Ledbury,  and  not  at  Kenilworth. 

In  tracing  the  retreat  of  Edward  after  the 
landing  of  Isabella,  the  Public  Records  are  un- 
answerable evidence,  and  I  would  briefly  contrast 
the  facts  of  the  case  with  Lord  Campbell's  state- 
ments. Edward's  flight  was  into  Glamorganshire, 
not  to  Ireland;  Edward  gave  up  the  Great  Seal  at 
Monmouth,  not  at  Kenilworth ;  and  Sir  Wm.  le 
Blount  delivered  it  up  to  the  Queen  and  her  son 
on  the  26th,  not  on  November  30. 

For  the  information  contained  in  the  preceding 
remarks  I  am  indebted  to  a  valuable  paper  read 
to  the  Neath  Institution  In  1849,  by  the  Rev. 
H.  H.  Knight,  B.D.,  Rector  of  Newton  Nottage, 
Glamorganshire,  "  On  the  Retreat  of  Edward  II. 
into  Glamorganshire,  a.d.  1326." 

I  offer  no  apology  for  the  length  of  my  com- 
munication, as  it  could  not  properly  be  curtailed. 
Historic  errors  should  be  promptly  corrected  ;  the 
erroneous  statement  of  one  historian  is  copied  by 
his  successor,  and  errors  are  thus  permanently 
ingrafted  on  the  historic  records  of  a  country. 
History  should  realise  Plato's  description  of  the 
Supreme  Being,  "  truth  is  his  body,  and  light  his 
shadow."  R. 

Cae  Wern,  Glamorganshire. 


BACON   AND    SHAKSPEARE. 

Advancement  of  Learning : 

"  Poetry  is  nothing  else  but  feigned  history." 

Twelfth  Night,  Act  I.  Sc.  2. : 

"  Viola.  'Tis  poetical. 
Olivia.  It  is  the  more  likely  to  be  feigned." 

As  You  Like  It,  Act  IIL  Sc.  7. : 

"  The  truest  poetry  is  the  most  feigning." 


O/t  Buildings  : 

"  He  that  builds  a  fair  house  upon  an  ill  seat  commit- 
teth  himself  to  prison ;  neither  do  I  reckon  that  an  ill 
seat  only,  where  the  air  is  unwholesome,  but  likewise 
where  it  is  unequal." 

Macbeth,  Act  I.  Sc.  6. : 

"  This  castle  hath  a  pleasant  seat  —  the  air 
Nimbly  and  sweetly  recommends  itself 
Unto  our  gentle  senses." 


Advancement  of  Learning  : 

"  Behaviour  seemeth  to  me  a  garment  of  the  mind,  and 
to  have  the  conditions  of  a  garment.  For  it  ought  to  be 
made  in  fashion,  it  ought  not  to  be  too  curious." 

Hamlet,  Act  I.  Sc.  3. : 

"  Costly  thy  habit  as  thy  purse  can  buy, 
But  not  exprest  in  fancy." 


Advancement  of  Learning : 

"  In  the  third  place  I  set  down  reputation,  because  of 
the  peremptory  tides  and  currents  it  hath,  which,  if  they 
be  not  taken  in  due  time,  are  seldom  recovered,  it  being 
extreme  hard  to  play  an  after  game  of  reputation." 

Julius  Caesar,  Act  IV.  Sc.  3. : 

"  There  is  a  tide  in  the  affairs  of  men 
Which  taken  at  the  flood  leads  on  to  fortune : 
Omitted,  all  the  voyage  of  their  life 
Is  bound  in  shallows  and  in  miseries." 


Advancement  of  Learning : 

"  Is  not  the  opinion  of  Aristotle  worthy  to  be  regarded, 
where  he  saith  that  young  'men  are  not  fit  auditors  of 
moral  philosophy,  because  they  are  not  settled  from  the 
boiling  heat  of  their  affections,  nor  attempered  by  time 
and  experience." 

Troilus  and  Cressida,  Act  II.  Sc.  3.  : 

"  Not  much 
Unlike  young  men,  whom  Aristotle  thought 
Unfit  to  hear  moral  philosophy." 

Aristotle  quoted  incorrectly  in  both  these  pas- 
sages.    He  says  political,  not  moral,  philosophy. 


Apophthegms : 

Bacon  relates  that  a  fellow  named  Hog  impor- 


504 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»a  S.  No  52.,  Dec.  27.  '56. 


tuned  Sir  Nicholas  to  save  his  life  on  account  of 
the  kindred  between  Hog  and  Bacon. 

"  '  Aye,  but,'  replied  the  judge,  '  You  and  I  cannot  be 
kindred  except  you  be  hanged;  for  Hog  is  not  Bacon 
until  it  be  well  hanged.'  " 

Merry  Wives  of  Windsor : 

"  Evans.  Hing  —  Hang  —  Hog. 
S.  Quickly.  Hang  Hog  —  is  the  Latin  for  Bacon." 

On  Cunning : 

"  For  there  be  many  men  that  have  secret  hearts,  but 
transparent  countenances." 

Henry  IV. : 

"The  cheek 
Is  apter  than  the  tongue  to  tell  an  errand." 


Collection  of  Sentences : 

"  He  that  hath  a  satirical  vein,  as  he  maketh  others 
afraid  of  his  wit,  so  he  had  need  be  afraid  of  other's  me- 
mories." 

Henry  VI.: 

"  An  insult,  when  we  think  it  is  forgotten. 
Is  written  in  the  book  of  memory. 
E'en  in  the  heart,  to  scourge  oar  apprehensions." 


Interpretation  of  Nature : 

"  Yet  evermore  it  must  be  remembered,  that  the  least 
part  of  knowledge  passed  to  man  by  this  so  large  a  char- 
ter from  God  —  must  be  subject  to  that  use  for  which  God 
hath  granted  it,  which  is  the  benefit  and  relief  of  the  state 
and  society  of  man." 

Measure  for  Measure,  Act  I.  So.  2. : 

"  Nature  never  lends 
The  smallest  scruple  of  her  excellence ; 
But,  like  a  thrifty  goddess,  she  determines 
Herself  the  glorj'  of  a  creditor, 
Both  use  and  thanks." 


On  Adversity : 

"It  is  more  pleasing  to  have  a  lively  work  upon  a  sad 
and  solemn  errand,  than  to  have  a  dark  and  melancholy 
work  upon  a  lightsome  errand." 

Henry  IV.  : 

"  Bright  metals  on  a  sullen  errand 
Will  show  more  goodly  and  attract  more  eyes 
Than  that  which  hath  no  foil  to  set  it  off." 


Note  the  pectiHar  use  of  the  words  knee  and 
chew. 

I'if^  of  Henry  VII. : 

"  As  his  victory  gave  him  the  knee,  so  his  purposed 
marriage  with  the  Lady  Elizabeth  gave  him  the  heart,  so 
that  both  knee  and  heart  did  truly  bow  before  him." 

Ric.  II.  "  Show  heaven  the  humbled  heart  and  not  the 
knee." 

Hamlet.  "]Asii  crook  the  pregnant  hinges  of  the  knee." 


On  Studies  : 

"  Some  books  are  to  be  tasted,  and  some  few  chewed 
and  digested." 

Julius  CcBsar,  Act  I. : 

"  Till  then,  my  noble  friend,  chew  upon  this ; 
Brutus  had  rather  be  a  villager." 

Trench  says  "  essays  "  was  a  new  word  in  Bacon's 
time,  and  his  use  of  it  quite  novel.  Bacon  thus 
writes  of  his  Essays: 

"  Which  I  have  called  Essays.  The  word  is  late,  though 
the  thing  is  ancient." 

Mrs.  Clarke,  in  her  Concordance,  reports  the 
word  Essay  as  occurring  twice  in  Shakspeare, — • 
which  indeed  is  true  of  Knijjht's  Shakspeare  ;  but 
it  only  occurs  once  in  the  Folio  of  1623,  in  rela- 
tion to  Edgar's  letter  to  Edmund,  in  Lear.  Ed- 
mund says,  — 

"  I  hope,  for  my  brother's  justification,  he  wrote  this 
but  as  an  Essay  or  task  of  my  nature." 

I  have  not  included  the  example  furnished  by 
your  correspondent.  The  allusion  to  "  perspec- 
tives "  in  Richard  II.  and  the  simile  of  Actaeon  in 
Twelfth  Night  are  worthy  of  remark. 

I  send  these  in  the  hope  that  your  correspon- 
dents will  add  to  them.  W.  H.  S. 

Brompton,  Middlesex. 


Wa^  Lord  Bacon  the  Author  of  Shakspeare's 
Plnys  ?  —  Those  who  hold  the  opinion  that  Lord 
Bacon  was  the  author,  as  was  suggested  in  a  book 
reviewed  by  you  some  weeks  since,  may  obtain  an 
argument  in  favour  of  their  views  by  referring  to 
Selections  by  Basil  Montagu,  Pickering,  pp.  174, 
175.,  where  are  quoted  passages  from  the  Troilus 
and  Cressida  of  the  one  and  the  Tract  on  Edu' 
cation  of  the  other,  which  are,  to  say  the  least, 
very  curious  from  their  resemblance  and  juxta- 
position. They  occur  as  foot-notes  to  an  extract 
from  Dr.  South's  Sermons,  and  are  as  follows : 

Troilus  and  Cressida : 

"  Paris  and  Troilus,  you  have  both  said  well ; 
And  on  the  cause  and  question  now  in  hand 
Have  glozed,  but  superficially ;  not  much 
Unlike  young  men,  whom  Aristotle  thought 
Unfit  to  hear  Moral  Philosophy  : 
The  reasons  you  allege  do  more  conduce 
To  the  hot  passion  of  distempered  blood. 
Than  to  make  up  a  free  determination 
'Twixt  right  and  wrong ;  "  &c. 

Bacon  expresses  himself  thus  : 

"  Is  it  not  a  wise  opinion  of  Aristotle,  and  worthy  to  be 
regarded,  that  young  men  are  no  jit  auditors  of  Moral  Phi- 
losophy, because  the  boiling  heat  of  their  affections  is  not 
yet  settled  nor  attempered  by  time  and  experience.  And  .  .  . 
doth  it  not  hereof  come  that  those  excellent  books  and 
discourses  of  ancient  writers  ...  are  of  so  lit;le  effect 
towards  honesty  of  life,  and  the  reformation  of  corrupt 
manners;  because  they  are  not  to  be  read  and  revolved 
by  men  mature  in  years  and  judgment,  but  are  left  and 
confined  only  to  boys  and  beginners." 


2»<J  S.  No  52.,  Dec.  27.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


505 


The  coincidence  in  argument  is  at  any  rate  sin- 
gularly stronjr,  and  may  be  wortliy  of  record  in 
"  N.  &  Q."  among  the  minor  "  Curiosities  of  Li- 
terature." R.  Slocombe. 


MILTON  S    PROSE    WORKS    BT    STMM0N8. 

In  1806  appeared  tlie  following  : 

"  The  Prose  Works  of  John  Milton,  with  a  Life  of  the 
Author,  interspersed  with  Translatioua  and  Critical  Re- 
marks by  Cliarles  Symmons,  D.D.,  of  Jesus  College,  Ox- 
ford.    In  Seven  Volumes." 

A^  copy  of  the  work  in  the  Cambridge  Uni- 
versity Library  (Nn.  4.  54 — 60.)  contains  the 
following  notes  in  the  handwriting  of  Dr.  Sym- 
mons : 

'.'  As  from  the  arrangement  of  this  title-page  the  Reader 
may  be  led  into  an  error  respecting  the  person  who  edited 
this  edition  of  Milton's  P.  VV.,  I  think  it  right  to  declare 
that  I  had  no  concern  whatever  in  the  management  of  tlie 
publication,  and  never  saw  one  of  its  sheets  till  the  work 
finally  issued  from  the  press. 

"  Charles  Symmons. 

"N.B.  —  The  seventh  volume  was  constituted  by  my 
Life  of  the  Author,  which  is  now  in  a  separate  state. 

»  0.  S." 

Dr.  Symmons  was  originally  of  Clare  Hall, 
Cambridge,  and  is  mentioned  in  the  late  Mr.  Gun- 
ning's Reminiscences,  i.  31 L 

Thompsoh  Cooper. 

Cambridge. 


CORPORATE  AND  PAROCHIAL  RECORDS. 

There  can  be  but  little  doubt  as  to  the  proba- 
bility of  what  is  stated  in  the  two  last  paragraphs 
of  Ina's  communication  (2"''  S.  ii.  185,  186.),  that 
much  correct  and  valuable  historical  information 
might  be  brought  to  light  by  a  careful  examination 
and  perusal  of  old  Corporate  and  Parochial  Re- 
cords, as  Ina  has  found  from  his  own  experience. 
I  also  can  speak  from  experience,  and  confirm 
what  he  says ;  for  shortly  after  the  Municipal 
Corporations  Reform  Act  passed,  I  had  to  arrange, 
examine,  and  catalogue  tlie  whole  of  the  records 
and  other  documents  belonging  to  the  corporation 
of  Andover,  Hants,— one  of  the  most  ancient  cor- 
poratiims  in  the  kingdom.  Their  existing.,(gharters 
extend  back  to  2nd  John  [1201]  ;  tiieir  council 
books  in  an  unbroken  series  from  2  Edw.  IIL 
[1327]  to  the  present  time,  and  many  of  their  deeds, 
court  books,  and  other  documents,  are  equally  an- 
cient. And  here  I  may  perhaps  be  permitted  to 
correct  an  error  that  generally  exists  in  works 
which  mention  the  town  of  Andover,  viz.  that  the 
corporation  is  supposed  to  be  as  ancient  as  the  ticne 
of  King  John.  Now  there  is  no  need  of  any  sup- 
position at  all  in  the  case,  as  the  corporation  has 
two  of  the  charters  granted  to  it  by  King  John. 
I  have  seen  them ;  and  more,  in  one  of  them  is  a 


confirmation  of  charters  granted  to  the  town  by 
Henry  IL  and  Richard  I.T 

Most  people  will  agree  with  Ina,  that  more  care 
should  be  taken  of  corporate  and  parochial  re- 
cords. I  would  suggest  that  the  authorities  of 
the  different  cities,  towns,  and  parishes  should 
have  their  records  thoroughly  examined  and  ar- 
ranged, and  proper  catalogues  made  of  them. 

The  following  is  an  exact  oopy  of  an  original 
letter  I  found  in  Andover  town  chest,  written  by 
the  Earl  of  Leicester  (Elizabeth's  favourite),  who 
was  then  High  Steward  of  the  Borougii,  to  the 
corporation  of  that  town  :  — 

"  After  my  hartie  commendacons.    Whereas  it  hath 
pleased  her  Ma«'»  to  appointe  a  Parliament  to  be  pre- 
sentlie   called:    being   Steward  of  yo''  Towne,   I   maka 
bould  harlilie  to  pra3'e  you  that  you  will  give  me  the 
nomination  of  one  of  yo""  Burgesses  for  the  same.    And  yf 
mynding  to  avoyde  the  chardges  of  allowance  for  the 
other  Burgesse,  j'ou  meane  to  name  anie  that  is  not  of 
yo""  towne,  j'f  you  will  bestowe  the  nomination  of  the 
otiier  Burgesse  also  upon  me,  I  will  thank  you  for  it;  and 
will   both  appointe  a  suffii'ient  man,  and  see  j'OU  dis- 
charged of  all  chardges  in  that  behaulfe ;  and  so  praying 
yo''  speadie  answere  herein,  I  thus  bid  j-ou  riglit  hartelie 
farewell,  from  the  Courte  the  xij"»  of  October,  1584. 
"  YC  Loving  Frende 
"  R.  Leycester. 
"  If  you  will  send  me  yo'  election 
w">  a  blanck,  I  will  putt  in 
the  names. 

"  To  mj'  very  loving  frends  the  Bayliefes,  Aldermen, 
and  the  rest  of  the  Town  of  Andover." 

This  letter  needs  no  comment. 

In  the  41  St  Elizabeth  [1599],  the  last  and 
governing  charter  was  granted  to  Andover.  After 
confirming  previous  charters,  it  proceeds  to  con- 
fer many  great  and  ample  privileges  on  the  town, 
and,  amongst  others,  a  weekly  Court  of  Record 
for  the  recovery  of  debt  and  damage  to  the 
amount  of  forti/  pounds  !  This,  at  a  time  when 
the  highest  sum  recoverable  in  local  courts  was 
generally /br^y  shillings.  W.  H.  W.  T. 

Somerset  House. 


Curious  Misprint  in  Sparrow^s  "  Collection  of 
the  Articles,"  ^c.  —  In  reading,  a  few  days  since, 
the  Deidson  Judgment,  I  was  led  to  refer  to 
Sparrow's  Collection  of  the  Articles,  Canons,  Or-- 
dinances,  Sfc,  of  the  Church  of  England, 

Mine  is  "  4th  edition,  a.d.  1684,"  and  contains 
perhaps  as  perverse  and  curious  a  misprint  in 
one  of  the  Articles  bearing  on  this  case  as  could 
well  be  devised.  The  apropos  blunders  of  prin- 
ters are  sometimes  amusing.  The  blunder  of  the 
printer  in  1684  might  have  been  supposed  a  pro- 
vidential slip  to  give  the  defendant  in  1856  a  peg 
whereon  to  hang  a  defensive  plea. 

The  28  th  Article  in  English  contains  a  declara- 


506 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  N»  62.,  Dec.  27,  '56. 


tion,  that  "the  Sacrament  was  not  by  Christ's 
ordinance  worshipped"  (p.  101.).  Referring  to 
the  Latin  original  of  the  same  Article,  I  find  the 
passage  runs  thus : 

"  Sacramentum  Eucharistia  ex  institutione  Christi 
nee  odorabatur." 

A  much  less  perverse  mode  of  interpretation 
than  has  been  applied  to  the  Articles  on  other 
points  might  here  raise  an  argument  on  behalf 
of  Archdeacon  Denison,  that  it  was  "incensing" 
or  "smelling"  to  the  elements,  and  not  adoring 
them,  that  the  Article  prohibited.  A.  B.  R. 

Belmont. 

Dagger  Money. — The  corporation  of  Newcastle- 
upon-Tyne  are  bound  to  entertain  the  Judges  of 
Assize,  and  to  protect  them  to  Carlisle.  The 
latter  duty  they  perform  by  presenting  each  of 
the  judges  with  a  gold  twenty-shilling  piece  of 
Charles  I.  to  buy  a  dagger,  and  the  money  so 
given  is  called  "  dagger-money."  They  always 
present  it  in  the  coinage  of  Charles  I.,  for  which 
they  sometimes  have  to  pay  high  prices,  when  it 
happens  to  be  scarce  in  tlie  numismatic  market. 
This  ceremony  of  payment  was  duly  performed  at 
the  autumn  assizes  of  this  present  year,  a.d. 
1856.  F.  S. 

Inedited  Poetry  by  Burns. — When  Burns  was 
in  Edinburgh,  he  was  introduced  by  a  friend  to 
the  studio  of  a  well-known  painter,  whom  he 
found  engaged  on  a  representation  of  "  Jacob's 
dream."  After  minutely  examining  the  work,  he 
wrote  the  following  verse  on  the  back  of  a  little 
sketch,  which  is  still  preserved  in  the  painter's 
family.  The  verse  is  so  very  characteristic  of  the 
man,  that  I  venture  to  send  it  to  "  N.  &  Q."  for 
embalment. 

"  Dear  — —  I'll  gie  ye  some  advice, 

You'll  tak  it  no  uncivil ; 
You  shouldna  paint  at  Angels  man, 

But  try  and  paint  the  Divil. 
To  paint  an  Angel's  kittle  wark, 

Wi'  auld  Nick  thei-e's  less  danger ; 
You'll  easy  paint  a  weel-kent  face, 

But  no  sa  weel  a  stranger." 

w. 

The  Origin  of  Stained  Glass.  —  My  dressing- 
room  has  a  window  towards  the  east,  much  co- 
vered by  foliage,  at  this  season  gay  with  autumnal 
tints.  Viewed  from  the  adjoining  chamber  these 
brilliant  mornings,  the  golden  rays  of  the  sun 
falling  on  the  faded  and  transparent  leaves 
sparkling  with  dew,  the  general  appearance  is  as 
if  the  window  were  glazed  with  painted  glass. 

C.  T. 

Norwood. 

Meaning  of '■^Unkempt."  —  I  am  sorry  to  appear 
as  an  opponent  to  any  statement  of  Dr.  Johnson's ; 
but  might  I  not  suggest  that  the  word  unkempt 


(which  he  takes  from  the  old  word  to  kem,  now  to 
comb,)  is  really  taken  from  the  fact  of  one  John 
Kemp  having  brought  the  art  of  weaving  into 
England  In  the  year  1331  :  and  thus  the  word 
means  "unwoven,"  and  so  "uncombed," — in  the 
same  manner  as  the  term  "  macadamise"  or 
"  burke,"  &c.,  are  derived  ?  K. 

On  a  Bastard  Child  murdered  by  its  Mother.  — 
Epitaph  from  The  Student,  vol.  i.  p.  118. :  — 

"  Love,  spite  of  Honor's  dictates,  gave  thee  breath ; 
Honor,  in  spite  of  Love,  pronounced  thy  death." 

Idem  Latine, 

"  Spreta  jussit  Amor  Fama  te,  parvule,  nasci ; 
Famaque  te,  spreto  jussit  Amore,  mori." 

Y.  B.  N.  J. 

Omissions  of  the  "  Biographie  Universelle,"  and 
the  "  Supplement."  —  In  reading  history  one  is 
often  induced  to  refer  to  biographical  dictionaries 
for  fuller  details,  or  for  memoirs  of  the  persons 
introduced  sur  le  tapis.  We  have  of  these  works 
very  good  specimens,  as  far  as  they  go.  In  the 
Biog.  Brit.,  Chalmers  and  Gorton ;  but  the  very 
copious  French  Biographie  Universelle,  with  its 
Supplement,  leaves  very  far  behind  all  other  works 
of  that  description.  Having  this  presentiment,  I 
must  declare  I  have  lately  been  singularly  disap- 
pointed. The  year  1759  was  distinguished  by  two 
as  gallant  English  naval  victories  as  have  ever 
been  recorded  ;  and  both  within  the  space  of  three 
months  of  each  other.  On  Monday,  August  20, 
1759,  Admiral  Boscawen  defeated  M.  de  la  Clue, 
who  in  L'Ocean  of  80  guns  commanded  the  grand 
fleet  of  France  ;  and  on  Tuesday,  Nov.  20,  of  the 
same  year,  Hawke  gained  his  superb  victory  over 
M.  de  Conflans,  who  in  Le  Soleil  Royal  of  80 
guns  commanded  the  fleet  of  Louis  XV.  M.  de 
la  Clue,  on  the  20th  August,  behaved  as  a  brave 
high-spirited  admiral,  was  wounded  in  the  action, 
and  died  In  consequence  of  those  wounds.  The 
conduct  of  M.  de  Conflans  was  diametrically  op- 
posite to  that  of  M.  de  la  Clue,  and  so  dastardly 
was  It  considered,  that  In  France  it  was  derisively 
called  "  La  Bataille  de  M.  Conflans,"  according  to 
Charles  Lacretelle.*  But  to  return  to  my  sub- 
ject, from  which  I  have,  in  explanation,  digressed, 
I  would  observe  that  neither  in  the  Biographie 
UniverseUk  or  Le  Supplement,  can  I  find  any 
memoires  of  either  De  la  Clue  or  Le  Marechal  de 
Conflans,  as  he  was  styled.  *• 

Richmond,  Surrey. 

"Bantering,"  '■'■buffooning,"  '■'■  alarum d,"  "cabi' 
net." — In  accordance  with  Dr.  Trench's  sugges- 
tion, I  send  a  contribution  towards  ascertaining  the 
period  of  the  Introduction  of  particular  words  Into 

*  See  Histoire  de  France  pendant  le  dlx-huitieme  Steele, 
par  Charles  Lacretelle,  14  tomes,  4J&me  e'dition,  Paris, 
1819— 182G,  tome  S'^me,  pp.  365—367. 


2nd  s.  NO  52.,  Dec.  27.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


507 


our  language.  In  Anthony  h.  Wood's  Zt/e  (under 
A.D.  1649),  he  speaks  of  a  certain  Mr,  Anthony 
Hodges,  who,  "  delighting  himself  in  mirth,  and  in 
that  which  was  afterwards  called  buffooning  and 
bantering^  could  never  be  brought  to  set  pen  to 
paper,"  &c.  (p.  43.,  edit.  Bliss,  Eccles.  Hist.  Soc). 
Again,  a.d.  1652  : 

"  Tliomas  was  a  good  soldier,  stout  and  ventrous,  and 
Laving  an  art  of  merriment  called  buffooning." — lUd,, 
p.  53. 

Again,  a.d.  1678 : 

"  Tlie  banterers  of  Oxford  (a  set  of  scholars  so  called, 
some  M.A,),  who  make  it  their  employment  to  talk  at  a 
venture,  lye,  and  prate  what  nonsense  they  please;  if 
they  see  a  man  talk  seriously,  they  talk  floridly  nonsense, 
and  care  not  what  he  says ;  this  is  like  throwing  a  cushion 
at  a  man's  head,  that  pretends  to  be  grave  and  wise."  — 
Ibid.  p.  204. 

Poor  Anthony  evidently  spoke  from  a  personal 
experience  of  such  hanterivg.  Of  these  new  words 
we  have  retained  one,  and  dispensed  with  the  other. 

In  the  same  work,  a.d.  1645,  we  have  the  early 
form  of  another  common  word : 

"  The  next  great  disturbance,  whereby  A.  W.  and  his 
fellow  sojourners  were  alarum'd  at  Thame,  was  this."  — 
Ibid.,  p.  23. 

Again,  in  Wood  Freshman's  speech,  made  a.d. 
1647,  which  plays  on  the  new  phrases  and  hu- 
mours of  the  day,  we  have  : 

"  Neither  was  I  ever  admitted  into  the  cabinet  councils 
of  the  Pyerian  dames."  —  Ibid.,  p.  37. 

—  the  same  word  of  which  the  original  introduc- 
tion seven  years  before  is  indicated  by  Clarendon, 
who  says  {Hist.  Rebell.,  book  ii.),  in  speaking  of 
the  ministry  of  Charles  I.,  in  1640: 

"  These  persons  made  up  the  Committee  of  State, 
which  was  reproachfully  after  called  the  junto,  and  en- 
viously then  in  the  Court  the  cabinet  council." 

A.  S.  E.  P. 


"  SUICEBI   THESAURUS." 

I  should  wish  to  ascertain,  from  some  gentle- 
man who  has  had  an  opportunity  of  comparing 
the  two  editions  of  this  valuable  work,  whether 
there  be  any  real  and  important  superiority  in 
the  second  edition  of  1728,  over  the  first  edition 
of  1682  ?  There  is,  I  know,  a  considerable  dif- 
ference made  between  them  in  the  booksellers' 
catalogues,  —  the  second  edition  being  generally 
double  the  price  of  the  first.  And  yet  I  cannot 
help  thinking  that  there  is  no  great  difference 
between  them.  A  bookseller  once  showed  me  a 
copy  of  the  second  edition,  which  he  had  marked 
41.  10s. ;  and  when  I  inquired  what  could  occa- 
sion so  great  a  difference  of  value  between  the 
two  editions,  he  pointed  out  two  or  three  printed 


leaves  at  the  end,  which  appeared  to  me  to  be 
corrections,  or  curcB  posteriores,  certainly  of  no 
great  bulk,  and  perhaps  of  no  very  great  im- 
portance. Now  this  is  the  point  which  it  is  de- 
sirable to  know,  from  some  one  who  has  had  an 
opportunity  and  leisure  carefully  to  compare  and 
examine  the  two  editions.  One  would  suppose 
from  the  statement  of  Moreri,  that  such  important 
additions  had  been  made  to  the  second  edition,  in 
1728,  and  the  whole  so  remodelled,  as  to  give  it 
the  character  of  a  new  work.     His  words  are  : 

"  II  a  et^  r^imprim^  k  Amsterdam  en  1728,  avec  beau- 
coup  de  corrections,  et  un  plus  grand  Nombre  d'Augmen- 
tations  qui  en  font  im  ouvrage  tout  nouveau,  et  I'un  des 
plus  utiles  qui  ait  paru  depuis  long-temps." 

But  when  I  consider  that  the  first  edition  was 
the  result  of  twenty  years'  assiduous  labour,  and 
that  it  was  afterwards  retained  in  his  study, 
under  his  revision  and  correction,  for  ten  years 
longer  before  it  was  sent  to  press,  and  that  he 
died  within  four  years  after  its  publication,  it 
does  not  appear  probable  this  great  work  could 
undergo  such  important  change  as  the  words 
of  Moreri  would  seem  to  indicate.  And  it  would 
be  desirable  to  learn  the  opinion  of  some  careful 
examiner.  Ignatius. 


Daniel  Bellamy.  —  Could  you  give  me  any  in- 
formation regarding  Daniel  Bellamy,  of  St.  John's 
College,  Oxford,  author  of  a  volume  containing 
Original  Poems  and  Translations  :  London,  8vo., 
1722;  The  Young  Ladies'  Miscellany,  &c..  1723. 
He  also  published,  in  conjunction  with  his  son, 
Miscellanies  in  Prose  and  Verse,  2  vols.,  12mo., 
1746.     By  Messrs.  D.  Bellamy,  sen.  and  jun. 

Mr.  B.'s  son,  the  Rev.  Daniel  Bellamy,  was 
minister  of  Kew  and  Petersham,  in  Surrey,  and 
vicar  of  St.  Stephen's,  near  St.  Alban's,  Herts. 
The  inscription  on  his  tombstone  (which  I  saw  not 
long  since  in  Kew  churchyard)  records  his  death 
in  his  seventy-first  year,  on  February  15,  1788. 

R.  Ingus. 

Blood  Royal. — I  dare  say  many  will  convict  me 
an  ignoramus  for  the  following  Queries ;  but  I 
cannot  help  it,  and  freely  confess  that  I  am  an 
ignoramus. 

1  want  to  know  what  it  is  that  constitutes 
"  blood  royal  ?"  How  far  does  it  ascend  and  de- 
scend the  genealogical  tree  ? 

If  the  present  Duke  of  Cambridge,  for  instance, 
should  have  any  children  (legitimate),  would  they 
be  considered  "  blood  royal  ?  " 

Is  Napoleon  III.  reckoned  among  the  royal 
blood  ?     If  so,  on  what  principle  ? 

Does  a  mere  title  constitute  Aristocracy  ?  If 
so,  to  what  class  do  the  untitled  beau  monde  be- 
long ? 


60B 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2nds.  N052.,  Dec.  27. '56. 


I  have  heard  that  Prince  Albert  was  made 
"royal"  by  an  Act  of  Parliament,  or  the  Queen  in 
Council."  Could  the  Queen  in  Council,  or  an  Act 
of  Parliament,  make  you  or  me,  or  one  of  the 
ignobile  vtdgus,  blood  royal  ?  George  Lloyb. 

Indian  War  Medal  —  I  bav«  a  silver  war  medal, 
the  ske  of  half-a-crown,  but  thicker.  The  ob- 
verse :  Britannia  seated,  with  emblems  of  war ; 
in  her  left  Ivand  the  hasta,  in  her  right  an  olive  or 
laurel  crown,  with  the  arm  extended  towards  a 
fortress  in  tlie  distance.  The  reverse  :  legend  and 
inscription  on  field,  in  -Jndjan  characters.  The 
execution  is  not  that  of  a  Wyon.  There  is  a  loop, 
or  eye,  clumsily  attached,  #or  a  cord  or  ribbon. 
When  was  this  medal  distributed  ?  and  for  what 
action  or  service  ?  fi..  H.  B. 

Bath. 

-*'  Tereniianu$  ClmMianus"  -r^  i  ^sJiQuld  be  glad 
:to  have  some  information  respecting  the  author, 
and  the  comparative  value  and  ■eistimation  of  ;the 
following  work  : 

"  Terentianus  Christianas,  eeu  -ComoedisB  Sacrae  -Sex, 
lerentiano  Stj'lo  a  Cornelio  Schonaeo  Goudano,  con- 
^criptse.    Colonise,  apud  Qerardum  Greuenbruch.    Anno 

M.D.X,CIX.      .      .      ." 

s.  s.  s. 

Defoe  Queries.  —  In  the  dedication  and  preface 
of  Defoe's  Jure  Divino,  I  find  a  difficulty  or  two, 
which,  perhaps,  some  one  of  your  correspondents 
can  resolve. 

The  satire  is  dedicated  "to  the  most  serene, 
most  invincible,  most  illustrious  Lady,  Reason," 
whom  he  styles  "  governess  of  the  fifteeii  provinces 
of  speech."     What  can  this  mean  ? 

Again,  in  the  preface  he  writes,  — 

"  What  would  a  king  of  any  policy  answer  ?  I  know 
not,  indeed,  but  if  1  were  to  make  an  answer  for  hiiu,  it 
should  be,  Salisbury  for  that,  im  not  venture  you." 

Who  or  what  is  Salisbury  ?  Leth^ediensis. 

"  Ivar"  a  Tragedy.  —  Who  is  the  author  of 
Ivary  a  tragedy,  printed  at  Exeter  in  1785  ? 

R.  Inglis. 

Family  of  Newton.,  of  Cheshire  and  Sussex,  .and 
^rneley,  of  Sussex  and  WMs.  —  William  Newton 
of   Southover    married    the   daugliter    (who   ob. 

1590)  and  coheiress  of  Erneley  of  Erneley, 

according  to  the  pedigree  in  the  Visitation  of 
Sussex.*  And  it  appears  by  the  Fine  Rolls  that 
Nicholas  and  George  Newton,  his  grandsons,  sold 
the  manor  of  Erneley  to  Abraham  Edwards  in 
1630.     (Mich,  f  Car.  J.) 

*  In  1573  there  was  a  fine  between  Nicholas  Newton 
^son  of  William  Newton),  plaintiff,  and  Francis  Cot- 
ton and  Mary  his  wife,  and  Galfrid  Poole  and  Katherijie 
his  wife,  deforciants,  of  ^th  part  of  the  manor,  with  thirty 
jnessuages,  land,  &c.  in  Brigliton,  Lewes,  and  Albertpn. 
Did  these  deforciants  represent  the  other  coheiresses.? 


I  have  been  unable  to  discover  whose  daughter 
this  heiress  was.  Is  there  any  pedigree  of  the 
Erneley  family  which  will  supply  the  information? 

Mem  OB. 

Svgar-Loaf  Mountains.,  co.  WicMow :  "  The 
Golden  Spears."  —  Will  any  of  your  antiquarian 
readers  in  Ireland  state  on  what  authority  it  has 
been  frequently  asserted  that  the  Sugar-loaf  Moun- 
tains, CO.  Wicklow,  were  called  in  Irish  "  The 
Golden  Spears,"  and  also  give  the  Irish  name 
itself?  In  a  descriptive  article  published  "a  few 
years  ago  in  the  Dublin  University  Magazine,  I 
recollect  having  seen  this  name,  but  am  not  now 
able  to  find  the  passage.  It  would  be  pleasant  to 
have  some  authentic  foundation  for  an  appellation 
so  fanciful,  and,  as  for  as  the  greater  Sugar-loaf 
Mountain  a;t  least  is  concerned,  .so  well  merited. 

Anon. 

The  Diamond  Rock.  —  When  the  French  cap- 
tured this  in  1805,  there  was  a  court-martial  held 
on  the  officer  in  command  for  the  loss  of  H.  M.'s 
late  sloop  "  Diamond  Rock ; "  yet  I  have  been  led 
to  think  that  the  rock  in  question  was  a  small 
island  fort.  Can  any  of  your  correspondents  ex- 
plain this  matter?  E.  H.  D.  D. 

Irish  High  Sheriffs. — Can  you  guide  me  to  any 
list,  printed  or  in  manuscript,  of  the  high  sheriffs 
of  counties  in  Ireland  during  the  seventeenth  and 
eighteenth  centuries  ?  Abhba. 

Madame  de  Fovievravlt.  —  In  Un  Sermon  sous 
Louis  XIV.,  by  Bungener,  at  the  close  of  the 
eighth  chapter,  Madame  de  FontevrauU,  a  sister 
of  Madame  Montespan,  is  introduced  ;  and  a  foot- 
note, a  quotation  from  Saint  Simon,  says  : 

"  Quoiqu'elle  edt  6t4  faite  religieuse  plus  que  trfes 
cavaliferement,  sa  r^gularite  etait  exacte  dans  son  abbaye." 

What  were  the  circumstances  that  seem  to  have 
forced  her  to  become  a  nun  ?  G.  R.  B. 

Boston,  Mass. 

Skating.  — 

"  Sur  un  mince  chrystal  I'hiver  conduit  leur  pas 
Le  precipice  est  sous  la  glace: 
Telle  est  de  nos  plaisirs  la  \4gkve  surface! 
•Glissez  mortels ;  n'appuyez  pas." 

Thus  translated  (I  believe)  by  Dr.  Johnson : 

"  O'er  the  ice  the  rapid  skater  flies. 
With  sport  above  and  death  below, 
Where  mischief  lurks  in  gay  disguise. 
Thus  lightly  touch,  and  quickly  go." 

The  original  lines  were,  I  find,  from  a  Common- 
place Book,  written  under  an  old  print;  but  I 
have  no  means  of  discovering  who  the  author  was. 
Coi4d  any  of  yo^ir  coiutributors  kindly  fell  me  ? 

,J.  B.  WjI^NSON. 

W^stoi;!  Bfifttojfy- 


2»dS.  N<>o2.,  Deo.  27. '56.]" 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


509 


Wagessum.  —  Vice  Chancellor  Wood,  in  giving 
judgment  in  Alston  v.  Tilbury  Railway  Co.,  last 
week,  stated  tliat  he  had  made  search,  but  could 
not  .find  any  means  of  ascertaining  what  was  the 
correct  intei-pretation  of  this  word.  It  was  used 
in  an  old  grant  produced,  of  right  to  the  sea- 
shore and  oyster  grounds,  .&c.  Can  any  readers 
.of  " N.  &  Q,"  thro.w  light  on  it  ? 

A.  Holt  White. 

Rtiffhead's  "  Pope,"  with  Warbarton's  Notes.  — 
Will  the  present  possessor  of  Ruffhead's  Life  of 
Pope.,  with  Bp.  Warburton's  IVIS.  Notes,  kindly 
communicate  his  name  and  address  to  the  Rbv. 
p.  KiLVEET,  Clavei-ton  Loflge,  Bath  ,? 


St.  Vedast  alias  Foster.  — -  Can  any  of  youir  nu- 
merous readers  inform  me  whiSt  (!onnexion  there 
is  between  the  word  Vedast,  or  a  saint  of  that 
name,  and  the  more  modern  cognomen  of  I^o&ter  ? 
In  old  deeds  they  are  used  as  synonymous. 

T.  B.  S. 

JBridport. 

[We  may  as  well  give  the  conjecture'  quoted  by  New- 
court  in  bis' Repertori urn,  although  it  is  not  very  satis- 
factory: "The  parish  church  of  St.  Vedast  is  sometimes 
called  St.  Foster's,  though  by  the  way  Mr.  R.  Smith,  in 
his  fore-cited  manuscript,  saith,  that  he  finds  not  in  any 
author  the  name  of  St.  Foster  given  to  any  saint,  there- 
fore rather  conceives  that  it  was  first  given,  either  from 
the  street  where  situate,  or  from  some  eminent  man  there 
dwelling,  perhaps,  if  not  the  founder,  yet  some  special 
benefactor  to  this  church  or  place."  Alban  Butler,  in  his 
Lives  of  the  Saints,  comes  nearer  the  mark.  "  Our  an- 
cestors," he  says,  "had  a  particular  devotion  to  St.  Ve- 
dast, whom  they  called  St.  Foster,  whence  descends  the 
family  name  of  Foster,  as  Camden  takes  notice  in  his 
MemaiTis."'] 

faker's  "  Chronicle."  —  Can  any  of  your  nume- 
rous readers  tell  me  the  value  of  this  as  a  work  of 
historical  reference  ?  and  whether  the  abridged 
and  amended  edition  of  1730  is  superior  to  those 
that  preceded  it  ?  Herbert. 

[  No  writer,  perhaps,  has  received  *  greater  amount  of 
ridicule  than  this  worthy  knight.;  and  that,  'toQ,  in  spite 
ifitf  the  panegyric  of  his  own  Chronicle,  "  that  it  is  collected 
with  so  great  care  and  diligence,  that  if  all  other  of  our 
Chronicles  were  lost,  this  only  would  be  sufficient  to 
inform  posterity  of  all  passages  memorable,  or  worthy  to 
be  known."  Sir  Roger  de  Coverley,  as  is  well  known,  so 
highly  estimated  it,  that  itiformed  part  of  the  furniture  in 
the  hall  of  hiscountrj'-seat ;  and  his  visit  to  Westminster 
Abbey  afforded  him  an  opportunity  of  doing  justice  to 
Sir  Richard,  although  he  observed  with  some  surprise, 
ithat  "he  had  a  great  many  kings  in  him  whose  monu- 
ments  lie  had  not  seen  in  the  Abb&j' !  "  Addison's  hu- 
mour was  not  forgotten  by  Fielding  when  writing  his 
Joseph  Andrews  .  ".Joey  told  Mr.  Abraham  Adams  that 
ever  .since  he  was  in  Sir  Thomas  Booby's  family,  he  had 
employed  all  his  hours  of  leisure  in  reading  good  books; 
and  that  as  often  as  he  could,  without  being  perceived,  he 
liad-Btudied  a  great  good  -book  wluch  lay  open  ia  the  iiall 


window,  (where  he  had  read  as  how  the  devil  had  carried 
away  half  a  church  in  sermon  time,  without  hurting  one 
of  the  congregation  ;  and  as  how  a  field  of  corn  run  down 
a  hill  with  all  the  trees  upon  it,  and  covered  another 
man's  meadow.  This  sufficiently  assured  Mr.  Adams  that 
the  great  book  meant  could  be  no  other  than  Baker's 
Chronicle!"  Anthony  b,  Wood,  however,  "to  save  the 
bacon  "  of  this  .pious  knight,  at3'les  him  "  a  noted  writer," 
and  .endeavours  to  inspire  his  readers  with  a  reverence  for 
his  character.  The  late  Daines  Barriugton,  too,  is  found 
among  his  apDlogists.  "  Baker,"  says  he,  "  is  by  no 
means  so  contemptible  a  writer  as  he  is  generally  sup- 
posed to  be;  it  is  believed  that  the  ridicule  on  this 
Chronicle  arises  from  its  being  part  of  the  furniture  of  Sir 
Roger  de  Coverley's  hall."  On  the  other  hand,  those 
matter-of-fact  bibliopolists.  Bishop  Nicol.son  and  Dr. 
Dibdin,  condemn  it  as  "a  ijimsj'  performance,"  and  "fit 
only  to  please  the  rabble."  The  edition  of  1730  and  1733, 
which  seem  to  be  one  and  the  same,  excepting  a  fresh 
title  to  the  latter,  was  edited  by  Edward  Phillips,  the 
nephew  of  Milton,  and  is  considered  by  the  booksellers  as 
the  edido  princeps ;  though  the  earlier  ones,  particularly 
that  of  1641,  contain  many  curious  documents  omitted  by 
Phillips.] 

Sinfi^idar  Tenure.  —  I  was  wbiiing  a  leisure  hour 
the  other  evening  in  looking  over  Camden's  Bri- 
tannia,  when  I  met  with  the  following  curious 
paragraph  under  "  'Suffolk  :  " 

"  Hemingston  in  qua  tenuit  terras  Baldwinus,  le'P^tenr 
(notato  mihi  nomen),  per  Seriantiam  (loqnor  ex  antiquo 
libello),  pro  qua  debuit  facere  die  natali  Domini  singulis 
annis,  coram  Domino  Rege  Anglia;,  unum  saltuih,  unimi 
ButBetum,  et  unum  bumbulum ;  vel  ut  alibi  legitur,  per 
saltum,  sufHum,  et  pettum,"  &c.  —  Britannia,  Gulielmo 
Camdeno,  Londini,  1607,  p.  837.,  folio. 

■Camden  is  so  grave  a  writer  that, .extraordinary 
as  such  a  custom  appears  to  be,  he  had,  I  have  no 
doubt,  his  authority  for  what  he  states.  2. 

[This  ludicrous  tenure  is  quoted  from  Placita  CororuB, 
17  Edward  I.  rot.  6.,  dorso  Suffolk.  See  also  Blount's 
Ancient  Tenures,  by  Beckwith,  p.  60.] 


HepUe^. 


SWITT,   PORTRAIT   OF,   AND   EDIT.   OF    1734. 

(2°'*  S.  ii.  21.  96.  158.  199.  254.) 

Absence  from  home  has  prevented  me  replying 
sooner  to  the  communications  of  C.  and  P.  O.  S. 

The  volume  of  Dean  Swift's  Works  noticed  by 
me  does  >not  a|)pear  to  coincide  with  the  page 
references  given  me  by  P.  O.  S.,  nor  with  the 
book-plate  in  the  "name  Vert"  being  found  on  it; 
but  as  further  discussion  is  not  likely  to  settle 
this  .q.uestion,  at  the  request  of  P.  0.  S.  (p.  199.), 
the  volume  is  transmitted  to  the  Editor  of  "  N. 
&  Q."  for  his  examination,  who,  I  have  no  doubt, 
will  be  so  kind  as  to  pass  his  opinion  on  the  whole 
subject.  I  may  be  permitted  to  say  to  C,  that, 
whether  in  error  or  not,  I  had  no  design  to  blow 
"  bubbles,"  nor  of  imposing  in  any  way  on  the  con- 
tributors to  "IST.  &  Q,.,"  in  such  statements  as  I 
made,  TOy  object  having  been  entirely  to  elicit  a 


510 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'"i  S.  N«  52.,  Dec.  27.  '56. 


little  literary  information  through  its  able  corre- 
spondents;  which  has  been  so  far  obtained,  and 
for  which  I  feel  obliged.  G.  K". 


Your  correspondent  G.N.  has  set  us  all  an 
example  of  plain  dealing,  for  which  I  personally 
thank  him.  I  have  examined  the  volume  he  has 
so  obligingly  forwarded,  and  acknowledge  at  once 
that  my  conjectures  were  erroneous :  that  his 
copy  is  7(0^,  as  I  presumed,  a  mutilated  copy  of 
the  4th  vol.  of  the  8vo.  edit,  of  1735,  and  that  the 
plate  has  not  "Vert"  engraved  on  it.  It  is,  in 
fact,  an  edit,  in  12mo.,  with  the  plate  re-engraved, 
and  better  engraved. 

Now  comes  the  only  question  of  interest :  did  the 
publication  precede  or  follow  the  edit,  of  1735  ? 

I  think  it  was  published  after,  and  for  these 
reasons : — 

It  is,  with  one  trifling  exception,  which  I  shall 
presently  notice,  an  exact  reprint  of  the  4th  vol. 
of  the  edit,  of  1735.  And  an  edition  in  12mo.  is 
usually  cheaper,  and  therefore  usually  follows  an 
edition  in  8vo.  In  this  instance  it  must  have  been 
very  much  cheaper ;  for  the  8vo.  edition  is  a  re- 
markably handsome  library  edition,  whereas  the 
12mo.  is  on  inferior  paper,  and  so  compressed 
that,  while  the  8vo.  extends  to  388  pages,  the 
12mo.  contains  the  same  matter  in  318. 

Again:  — The  title-pages  of  the  several  tracts 
in  the  12mo.  edition  are,  without  exception  I  be- 
lieve, set  forth  as  "printed  in  the  year  1734;" 
whereas  in  the  8vo.  they  are,  with  one  exception, 
stated  to  have  been  "printed  in  the  year  1733." 

There  is  one  other  point  of  difference  on  which 
we  can  only  speculate,  until  we  have  an  oppor- 
tunity of  examining  the  2nd  vol.  of  the  12mo., 
which,  no  doubt,  contained  the  Poems.  Both 
volumes  end  with  "Verses  written  by  Dr.  Swift ;" 
but  the  Bvo.  is  followed  by  "  Prometheus,"  thus 
introduced : 

"  After  these  works  were  printed  off,  upon  examining 
the  poetical  "Volume,  we  found  the  following  Poem  omitted, 
which  we  have  thought  proper  to  insert  here." 

There  is  no  such  insertion  in  the  12mo.  copy, 
and  I,  conjecturally,  assume  that,  the  omission 
having  been  discovered,  it  was,  on  republication, 
inserted  in  its  proper  place, "  the  poetical  Volume." 

With  these  facts  for  guidance,  no  doubt  some 
of  your  readers  will  be  able  to  refer  to  a  perfect 
copy  of  the  edit,  in  12mo. ;  and  thus,  perhaps, 
determine  the  question.  P.  O.  S. 


and  its  Palaces,  by  Bonomi  (London,  Ingram, 
1853.)  At  p.  138.,  the  head-dress  of  the  divinity 
Ilus  is  an  egg-shaped  cap,  terminating  at  the  top 
in  a  fleur-de-lis.  At  p.  149.  (fig.  54.),  the  Dagon 
of  Scripture  has  the  same.  At  p.  201.  (fig.  98.), 
the  same  ornament  appears.  At  p.  202.  (fig.  99.), 
a  bearded  figure  has  "  the  usual  fleur-de-lis."  In 
the  same  page,  the  tiaras  of  two  bearded  figures 
are  surmounted  with  fleurs-de-lis.  At  p.  332. 
(fig.  211.),  the  Assyrian  helmet  is  surmounted 
with  a  fleur-de-lis.  At  p.  334.  (fig.  217.),  the 
head-dress  of  the  figure  on  the  Assyrian  standard 
has  a  fleur-de-lis.  At  p.  340.  (fig.  245.),  the 
bronze  resembles  a  fleur-de-lis.  At  p.  350.  (fig. 
254.),  an  Egyptian  example  of  the  god  Nilus,  as  on 
the  thrones  of  Pharaoh  Necho,  exhibits  the  fleur- 
de-lis. 

Bernard  Quaritch's  Catalogue  (No.  109.)  for 
May,  1856,  at  No.  5.  "  Manuscripts  Armorials," 
notices  a  work,  Itecherches  sur  les  Fleurs-de-Lis, 
&c.,  which  should  supply  all  our  requirements  on 
this  disputed  subject.  C.  H.  P. 


NOTES    ON    THE    rtEUK-DB-US. 

(2"''  S.  i.  passim;  ii.  41.) 
P.  S.  —  Since  these  Notes  were  written,  some 
very  interesting  facts  relating  to  the  fleur-de-lis 
have  been  discovered  :  see  the  2nd  edit,  of  Nineveh 


In  reply  to  C.  H.  P.'s  inquiry  after  the  special 
causes  for  which  this  cognizance  may  have  been 
granted  (2°''  S.  ii.  42.),  and  with  reference  to  a 
former  Note  of  his  own  (2"''  S.  i.  388.),  in  which 
he  states  that  the  "  3  fleurs-de-lis"  in  a  drinking- 
cup  are  the  crest  of  "  Croker  of  Ballinagard" 
I  would  observe  to  him  that  it  was,  properly 
speaking,  the  crest  of  "Croker  of  Lineham"  in 
Devonshire  ;  and  was  granted  to  Sir  John  Croker 
of  Lineham,  who  accompanied  Edward  IV.  as 
cup-bearer  in  his  ostentatious  expedition  into 
France  in  1475  ;  and  amongst  the  flatteries  be- 
stowed by  the  politic  Louis  XI.  on  several  of  the 
English  courtiers  were  the  3  fleurs-de-lis  sur- 
mounting the  implement  of  Sir  John's  office.  The 
Crokers  of  BaUinagard,  in  Ireland,  are  a  junior 
branch  of  the  Lineham,  settled  there  a  couple  of 
centuries  later  than  the  grant  of  the  crest  to  the 
original  family.  There  are  several  other  families 
of  Croker  in  Ireland,  all  of  which  bear  the  drink- 
ing-cup ;  but,  through  the  mistake  of  engravers, 
it  has  with  some  degenerated  into  &  flower-pot. 

c. 


I  enclose  impression  of  a  seal  — • 

«  *  S  Thome  le  Gallendier," 
showing  a  fleur-de-lis,  with  two  birds  perched  on 
the  side  leaves,  and  pecking  the  central  division 
of  the  flower.  The  date  any  real  studier,  I  think, 
will  unhesitatingly  pronounce  the  middle  of  the 
twelfth  century,  certainly  not  later._  This  is  con- 
temporary with  the  signet  of  Louis  VII.,  which 
Montagu  (Heraldry,  p.  18.)  cites  as  perhaps  the 
earliest  example  of  a  fleur-de-lis,  and  my  seal  is  an 
additional  argument  in  favour  of  the  flower  ori- 


2ud  s.  No  52.,  Dec.  27.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


511 


ginal ;  were  it  not  for  the  arms  of  Canteloupe,  I 
think  the  long  disputed  point  would  now  be  set- 
tled. I  believe  it  is  not  known  how  the  family 
acquired  these  arms.  If  honey  came  out  of  a  lion, 
why  might  not  a  fabulous  lily  grow  out  of  a 
leopard's  head  ?  A  legend  to  this  effect  may  have 
existed,  and  many  heraldic  bearings  arose  from 
•uch  fables. 

Would  C.  H.  P.  oblige  me  by  saying  where  the 
lists  of  arms  to  which  he  refers,  as  being  borne 
during  the  Crusades,  are  to  be  found  ?  The  in- 
formation would,  no  doubt,  be  gratefully  received 
by  other  readers  of  "N.  &  Q."  A  good  list  of 
old  rolls  of  arms,  stating  where  they  may  be  found 
in  print  and  MSS.,  would  be  acceptable  to  many. 

XL. 


The  two  following  may  be  added  :  1.  Laurence 
Sheriff,  founder  of  Rugby  School ;  Az.  on  a  fess 
engrailed  between  3  griffins'  heads  erased,  or,  a 
F.-d.-L.  of  the  first  between  2  roses,  gu.  2.  Mort- 
lock  (Cambridge)  :  Ermine,  a  fret,  sa.  on  a  chief, 
azure,  3  F.-d.-L.,  argent.  A. 


"  CABMINA  QUADEAGESIMALIA,"  ETC. 

(2"'i  S.  ii.  312.  355.) 

I  find  the  following  particulars  with  reference 
to  one  or  two  of  the  authors  of  the  Carminn  Qua- 
dragesimolia,  in  an  edition  of  the  Latin  Poems  of 
Vincent  Bourne,  published  by  Pickering  in  1840, 
and  edited  by  the  Rev.  John  Mitford : 

"John  Wigan  "  (Wigan,  jun.,  I  conjecture,  in  B.  N.C.'s 
list  of  the  authors  of  the  1st  vol.)  "  a  physician,  editor  of 
Aretceus,  and  of  Dr.  Freind's  Works,  died  in  Jamaica, 
1739.  There  are  several  copies  of  verses  by  J.  and  G. 
Wigan  in  the  Carmina  Quadragesimalia.  David  Gregory" 
(Gregory  in  B.  N.  C.'s  list  of  1st  vol.),  "  Professor  of 
Modern  Historv  and  Languages,  Canon  of  Christ  Church, 
1736;  Canon  of  Carlisle,  1736;  Dean,  1756;  Master  of 
Sherborne  (or  Sherburn)  Hospital,  1759;  son  in  the  law 
to  the  late  Duke  of  Kent,  died  1797." 

These  two,  with  Salusbury  Cade  (author  of 
poems  8.  52.  165.)  and  George  Toblett,  were 
elected  to  Ch.  Ch.  from  Westminster  in  1714,  the 
same  year  that  Vincent  Bourne  went  to  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge. 

I  have  carefully  looked  over  the  notes  ap- 
pended to  this  edition  of  V.  Bourne's  Poems,  ex- 
pecting to  be  able  to  find  the  names  of  some  authors, 
of  those  contributions  which  we  have  not  yet  been 
able  to  assign,  but  fruitlessly.  However,  Me. 
Gunner's  and  B.  N.  C.'s  lists  are  corroborated, 
for  I  find  there  ''  Thomas  "  named  as  the  author 
of  No.  151.  in  vol.  i.,  and  of  Xo.  20.  in  vol.  ii.  — 
Adams  (and  Smith)  of  No.  43.,  vol.  i.  ;  Prescott  of 
No.  168.,  vol.  i.,  and  Freind  of  No.  58.,  vol.  ii. 
(Query,  Is  this  name  Freind  or  Friend?) 

But  copies  must  be  in  existence,  as  Mb.  Gun- 


ner observes,  containing  the  names  of  all  the 
contributors.  I  may  here  remark  that  the  emi- 
nent Lord  Mansfield,  —  "  Murray  once  so  long  his 
country's  pride,"  —  is  supposed  to  have  written 
several.  I  quite  coincide  in  his  desire  that  some 
publisher  would  bring  out  a  new  edition  of  these 
delightful  poems  (e.  g.  in  a  form  like  the  Sabrinee 
Corolla,  or  Arundines  Cami,  illustrated  with 
notes)  ;  it  is  indeed  surprising  how  few  people 
have  read  them  at  the  present  day.  Not  only 
are  they  beautiful  as  regards  elegance'  of  compo- 
sition, but  interesting  from  their  numerous  re- 
ferences to  the  events,  manners,  and  customs  of 
the  times  when  they  were  written,  carrying  one 
back  to  the  days  of  the  Spectator  and  Tatler.  I 
transcribe  one,  as  a  comment  on  the  Note,  — - 
"  Hoops  V.  Crinoline,"  (2""*  S.  ii.  426.)  : 

"An  viventia  habeant  cerium  terminum  Magnitudinisf 

"  Ut  simili  socias  exsequet  mole  puellas, 

Mille  dolos  versat  pectore  macra  Cloe. 
Multiplicem  vario  tumidam  subtemine  vestem, 

Expansamque  habili  comparat  orbe  stolam. 
Stant  terno  ceti  ossa  gradu,  terno  ordine  funes, 

Staminaque  undantes  explicitura  sinus 
Hac  sub  veste  Cloe,  et  tanto  circundata  gyro, 

Exultat  prandi  pinguior  ire  Lyce. 
Magna  quidem  incedis,  magnse  virgo  incola  pallse, 

At  spatiosa  exis  veste  pusilla  Chloe." 

Vol.  i.  p.  129. 

There  is  again  another  beautiful  collection  of 
Latin  poetry  published  in  the  last  century,  viz. 
the  Selecta  Poemata  Anglorum,  in  3  vols,  printed 
in  1774  and  1776,  containing  effusions  by  many 
eminent  men,  amongst  whom  may  be  enumerated 
Bp.  Lowth*,  Christopher  Smart,  Gray,  Vincent 
Bourne,  and  numerous  others.  This  work,  too, 
is  becoming  very  scarce.  Names  are  not,  how- 
ever, appended  to  all  the  compositions,  though 
doubtless  their  authors  were  well  known  at  the 
time.  In  the  second  vol.  is  "  Muscipula  auctore 
E.  Holdsworth,  Coll.  Magd.,  Oxon.,"  originally,  I 
suppose,  published  by  Edmund  Curll  in  1709,  "  ad 
insigne  Pavonis  extra  Temple  Bar."  (See  "  N.  & 
Q.,"  2"'^  S.  ii.  303.)  Oxoniensis. 

I  am  now  enabled  to  furnish  Mb.  Gunner  with 
the  following  variations  taken  from  another  copy 
of  vol.  ii.,  which  has  come  under  my  notice.  I  will 
call  Mr.  Gunner's  copy  A,  my  own  B,  and  the 
third  copy  C. 

3,  Markham,  A,  B  ;  Gibson,  C. 

21,  Impey,  A;  Keith,  C. 

63,  Keith,  B ;  Affleck,  C. 

69,  Keith,  A  ;  Bissett,  C. 

71,  Keith,  A,  B  ;  Cliffe,  C. 

79,  Bedingfield,  A,  B  ;  Markham,  C. 

*  Some  of  Lowth's  contributions  to  this  work  may 
again  be  found  in  his  celebrated  work,  Frcelectiones  Acq.- 
demiccB,  Oxon, 


512 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  g.  No  52.,  Dec.  27.  '56. 


95,  Bedingfield,  A,  B  ;  Gibson,  C. 

96,  Shields,  A ;  Shiel,  C. 
114,  Bedingfield,  B.;  Shid,  Q. 
142,  Tubb,  A  ;  Rivers,  C. 

Tlie  following  names  are  also  supplied :  60, 
.Gibson  ;  61,  poulkes  ;  70,  Bissett ;  126,  'I'ftyleur ; 
144,  Wileocks  ;   148,  Nash. 

I  hav.e  no  doubt,  that  the  Tubb  of  A,  is  the 
Jubb  of  B  and  C,  elected  to  Oxford  from  West- 
minste*',  IT^^o  ;  as  also  Shields  of  A  is  the  Shiel 
of  C,  elected  1741  with  Inipey  and  Markham.  I 
cannot  verify  the  name  135,  Varnan,  in  any  way, 
either  in  the  Alumni  Westmonasterieusis,  or  in  the 
List  of  Oxford  Graduates:  it  may  be  a  ijiistake  for 
Amyand,  elected  1736.  B.M-  C. 


'gCHJP  JUMPING  DANCE,   FEC 
(2"'i  S,  ii.  188.) 

Evans,  in  bis  Sk^ch  of  the  Denominations  of  the 
Christian  World  (15th  ed,,  1827),  gives  an  ac- 
count of  a  somewhat  sinj^ular  sect  caMed  the 
"  Jumpers."  I  am  not  certain  that  any  of  this 
fraternity  now  exist  in  England.  The  author  of 
the  work  named  was  present  at  one  of  the 
"  Jumpers' "  meetings,  which  was  held  in  the  open 
air,  near  Newport,  in  1785.  The  preacher  con- 
cluded his  sermon  with  the  recommendation  of 
jumping,  and  immediately  got  down  from  his 
chair,  and  commenced,  with  many  others,  jump- 
ing with  frantic  fury  for  the  space  of  three  hours, 
after  which  the  meeting  terminated. 

As  an  additional  instance  of  jumping  as  an  ac- 
companiment of  religious  worship,  1  may  mention 
that  it  is  a  common  practice  among  the  congre- 
gations of  coloured  Methodists  in  New  York,  and 
other  parts  of  the  United  States.  Being  told  of 
this  practice,  I  attended  one  of  their  meetings  in 
New  York  in  1850.  During  the  sermon  much 
excitement  prevailed,  and  loud  shouts  arose  at 
intervals  from  all  parts  of  the  building.  The 
sermon  ended,  one  of  the  usual  tunes  was  sung, 
accompanied,  almost  universally,  with  stamping  of 
the  feet,  keeping  tolerably  good  time  with  the 
measure  of  the  strain.  After  a  prayer,  which 
could  hardly  be  heard  amid  the  surrounding  con- 
fusion, a  short  interval  of  silence  followed.  Then 
I  was  somewhat  startled  by  seeing  a  venerable 
"  coloured  sister,"  in  one  of  the  front  pews,  jump- 
ing up  and  down  with  great  rajndity  for  some 
minutes.  Shortly  after,  Oimid  loud  stamping  of 
the  feet,  I  distinctly  saw  faer  jump  over  the  front 
of  the  pew,  and  commencing  from  the  pew  she  had 
left,  she  made  a  series  of  trenofindous  jumps  up 
and  down  the  aisle,  shouting  the  w'hole  time  with 
a  loud  voice,  and  presenting  a  spectacle  which  I 
shall  not  easily  forget.  She  was  soon  joined  by 
otliers,  and  not  knowing  what  might  be  the  next 


part  of  the  programme,  I  made  a  rapid  exit,  feel- 
ing, when  fairly  outside,  not  a  little  thankful  to 
have  effected  my  escape.  I  may  add  that  it  is  a 
well-known  fact  that  at  the  same  chapel  I  refer  to, 
during  their  revival  meetuiffs,  these  zealous  wor- 
shippers oftein  protract  their  services  from  8  p.m. 
to  7  or  8  o'clock  next  morning,  singing,  shouting, 
\}VAy\\\g,  jumping,  &c.,  the  whole  time. 

Much  curious  information  as  to  the  connection 
between  the  jum[)ing  processions  existing  on  the 
Continent  and  the  Dance  of  Death,  may  be  found 
in  F.  Donee's  valuable  Dissertation,  ^c.,  on  the 
Dance  of  Death,  8vo.,  London,  1833,  Pickering. 

Vox. 


The  dance  of  the  Jumpers,  like  the  comic 
dances  and  comic  festivals  of  the  Church,  is  the 
corruption  of  that  which  is  found  in  Hi>ly  Writ. 
Two  kinds  of  dances  are  distinctly  pointed  out  in 
the  Bible,  the  Worship  Dance  and  the  Phallus 
Dance.  The  first  is  described  in  Exodus,  ,ch.  xv. 
v.  20.  Miriam  the  conductor  takes  a  tambourine, 
and  so  also  all  the  women,  and  danc^  whilst 
Moses  and  the  Children  of  Israel  answer  them  in 
song.  The  second  in  Exodus,  ch.  xxxii.  vv.  18. 
25.  :  Moses,  drawing  near  the  camp,  hears  the 
noise  of  singing,  sees  the  bull,  and  the  dancing ; 
and  the  people  were  jiaked,  for  Aaron  had  made 
them  naked  to  their  shame.  In  the  Psalms  al- 
lusion is  repeatedly  made  to  the  Church  dance, 
and  in  the  Prophecies  to  the  Phallus  dance.  In 
2  Sam.  c.  vi.  it  is  written  that  David  girded  him- 
self with  a  linen  ephod,  and  danced  with  all  his 
might  before  the  Lord.  This  Michal,  his  wife, 
chose  to  mis-describe,  for  which  she  suffered  the 
penalty,  taunting  him  with  being  uncovered,  as 
one  of  the  vain  fellows  shamelessly  uncovereth 
himself.  Those  who  now  dance  in  worship  found 
their  practice  on  the  promises  for  the  restoration 
of  ihe  reMgious  dance,  H.  J.  Ga.umti,ett. 


*RU>EAUX   FAMIX,Y. 

(2«^'S.ii.  468.) 

Preaux.,  Prideaux^  and  Pratellis,  may  be  synon. 
From  pratum,  a  meadow  (Sp.  prddo,  G.  pratei'), 
dimin.  pratulum,  is  Low  Lat.  pratellum,  whence 
De  Pratellis ;  from  pratellum,  by  contrac.  prateau, 
and  then  preleau,  pi.  pi'eteav/x,  may  come  Priteaux 
and  Prideaux.;  and  from  pi-eteau,  preteaux,  by 
contrac.  preau,  preaux  (little  meadows),  Preaux, 
also  pre.  If  Preus  refers  to  the  same  family,  it 
may  be  a  corruption  of  PrSaux ;  if  otherwise,  it 
might  come  from  Preux  (from  p-ohus^,  courageous, 
brave  :  "  Les  neuf  preux,;"  "  Preux  chevalier  et 
fenne-catholique;"  "Les  douze  preux  de  Charle- 
magne." {Hist.  Fab.)  If  one  of  the  Prideaux 
family  had  be^en  in  the  Holy  Wars,  it  might  ac- 


2°*  S.  NO  52.,  Dec.  27.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


513 


count  for  the  Saracen's  head  on  their  crest. 
Speaking  of  'Prdaux  -in  Normandy  (situate  about 
"two  leagues  from  Rouen),  Lamartiniere  says  : 

"  Paroisse  de  France  dans  la  Normandie,  avec  titre  de 
Baronie,  et  Haute  Justice.  L'an  I'iOO  Jean  de  Prc^aux, 
Chevalier,  Sieur  Chatekin  de  Br^aux,  fonda  le  rrieur($  de 
Beaulieu  en  presence  de  Gautier,  Archeveque  de  JBouen.-et 
cette  ,fon4ation  se  fit  en  la  foret  de  Pre'aux." 

Further,  — 

"  Pr(faux  est  aussi  le  Dom  de  deux  paroisses  et  de  deux 
Abbaj'es,  d'une  de  Benedictins  et  I'autre  de  'Benedictines, 
situee  dans  la  Diocese  de  Lisieux,  h  una  grande  lieue  de 
Pont  Eaude-mer,  dans  un  yallou,  et  pres  de  lasovrce  d'un 
ruisseaii  qui  y  fait  tourner  plusieurs  mouilus.  L'abbayo 
de  Saint  Pierre  de  Pr^aux,  Sancti  Fetr.i  F.ratetknsis,  est 
jiossed^e  par  les  Benedictins  de  la  Congregation  de  Saint 
Maur,  et  fut  batie  vers  l'an  1055.  Elle  reconnoit  pour 
Fondateur  Oufro3'  de  Vieilles,  Baron  de  Preaux,  Seigneur 
de  Pont  Jiauilemer,  Comte  de  Meuilan  et.de  Beaumoat-le- 
rEoger.    li'Egliae,"  &c. 

The  French  words  (written  in  Italics  by  myself) 
in  the  last  paragraph,  and  the  following  extract 
from  Pryce  {Corn.  Diet.,  "  Villages  in  Cornwall  "), 
would  seem  to  tiirow  some  doubt  on  the  coi'rect- 
ioess  of  my  etymohigy  of  jP/u'deaux  : 

"  Pri^D'eaux,  Pres-d'^dux,  near  the  waters ;  also  nom. 
fain." 

This  was  my  first  idea  as  to  the  etymology  ^f  the 
word,  but  1  do  not  think  it  js  the  correct  one. 
An  Olp  Subscriber  should  consult  Dufresne, 
who  nQt  only  gives  Pratellum  and  frateau,  and 
numerous  .authorities,  but  also  th:e  fojlowing  from 
JUi  Roman  de  la  Rose,  MS.  : 

"Ains  alez  chantant  e^t  halanit 
Par  ces  jardins,  par  ccs  Prolans 
Avec  ces  garcons  desloians." 

See  also  Memoires  dressejs  sur  les  Lieiix  en  1 704, 
cited  by  Lamartiniere.  K.  S.  Chaknock:. 

•Array's  Inn. 


LJVSS   or   EMINENT   LAWYERS. 

(2°'^  S.  ii.  451.) 

I  have  for  many  years  possessed  a  copy  of 
Kearsley's  publication,  d^ted  1790,  to  which 
J.  Mt.  refers,  Strictw'es  on  the  Lives  and  Charac- 
ters of  the  most  Eminent  Lawyers  of  the  present 
Day,  Sfc.  At  the  top  of  the  title-page  there  is 
the  .fojlowing  name  iq  MS.,  "L.  Thos.  Rede." 
Jixe  title-page  lias  also  two  mottoes.  The  fii-st 
is, — 

"  I,  bone,  quo  Virtus  tua  te  vooat,  I  pede  faustp." 

ffor. 

By  the  #ide  of  ;those  oSiPttoes  .there  is  written,  in 
tie  same  hand  which  inscribed  "  L.  Thos.  liede," 
the  following  note,  "I  was  then  in  the  FLaet 
Prison."     The  second  motto  is; 

•<',     .    ..     .     Siae  me,  liber,  ibis  in  urhem. 

gei  wjiii !  ^jiftd  ^POUWP  *W  lieeit  iie  tuo." 

Ovid, 


With  respect  to  the  authorship  of  the  volume,  and 
especially  of  a  passage  respecting  Lord  Tliurlow, 
on  a  leaf  preceding  the  title  the  following  MS. 
note  appears  : 

"  Lemon  Thos.  Rede,  whose  signature  I  find  on  the  top 
of  tlie  title-page,  and  by  whom  it  appeared  from  certain 
ciroumstances,  the  booltseller  I  purcttased  of  bad  this 
book  in  exchange,  was  in  reality  the  oste>isil>k  autlwr. 
But  a  very  large  part  of  (this  volume  was  furnished  by  me, 
especially  of  tlie  latter  ciiaracters,  from  Pepper  Arden, 
&c.  The  first  three  or  four  characters  were  printed  before 
I  knew  anything  of  the  work  or  the  undertaker,  who  was 
then,  as  he  has  stated  in  the  margin,  in  the  fleet,  yet" 
[the  MS.  adds,  without  giving  any  .authority  beyond  the 
writer's  own]  "carrying  on  the  business  of  a  money 
lender  by  advertisement." 
The  note  continues  : 

"  He  was  bred  to  the  Jaw,  followed  the  profession  of  a 
,  and  i^  now,  I  believe,  a  reviewer." 


This  manuscript  illust-ration  is  signed  "  J.  Thel- 
wall,"  a  political  celebrity,  and  afterwards  a  very 
successful  professor  of  elocution,  of  whom  further 
description  is  not  requisite.  JNIr.  T.  here  states 
that  "  the  first  three  or  four  chariicters "  were 
printed  before  he  knew  anything  of  the  work. 
Tiie  first  character  in  the  volume  is  that  of  "  The 
Right  Honorable  Edward  Lord  Thublow,  Lord 
High  Chancellor  of  P^ngland  ;  "  therefore  if  the 
manuscript  illustrations  of  my  volume,  which  I 
have  adduced  above,  are  to  be  relied  tm,  I  assume 
it  must  be  considered  that  "  L.  Thos.  Rede,"  ex- 
isting in  1790,  "  was,  in  reality,  the  ostensible 
author." 

Your  correspondent  <juates  a  passage  from  the 
notice  of  "  Thurlow,"  and  intimates  that  it  would 
be  gratifying  to  know  who  in  1790,  "upwards  of 
sixty  years  ago,  ventured  to  speak  out  so  boldly.'* 
I  venture  to  surmise  that  your  correspondent  is 
not  very  conversant  with  the  boldness  of  the 
writings  and  proceedings  of  1790  to  1794,  &c.,  or 
he  would  not  have  made  al^  such  remark.  At  all 
events,  a  ^preceding  page  (p.  14.)  of  the  article 
from  which  he  makes  the  excellent  quotation,  also 
shows  quite  as  much  boldness,  and  is  not  unworthy 
of  being  extracted,     it  is  as  follows  :  — 

"His  [Thurlow's]  unrivalled  excellence  is  an  iron 
countenance,  an  inflexible  ha.rdihood  of  feature,  an  invul- 
nerable, impenetrable  asj)ect,  that  nothing  can  abash,  no 
crimson  tinge ;  that  stares  humanity  from  the  justice-seat, 
and  defies  the  tear  of  pitj'.  Charity,  it  is  said,  covers  a 
multitude  of  sins,  and  inhumanity  implies  a  depravity  of 
heart  that  gives  the  owner  credit  for  tiie  possession  of 
untold  crimes." 

The  Italics  are  the  author's. 

A  Hermit  at  Hampstead. 


Wotton'.s  "  Courttie  Controvjersie  of  Cupid's 
Cautels"  (2"'i  S.  ii.  428.)  —  The  following  extract 
from  Blomfield'g   History  of  Norfolk  (London, 


514 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  NO  52.,  Dec.  27.  'o6. 


1775,  vol.  i.  p.  205.)  may  perhaps  assist  Mr. 
CoRSER  in  his  inquiry  for  information  respecting 
Lady  Dacre  of  the  South  :  — 

"John  Wooton,  of  North  Tudenham,  was  son  of  John 
Wooton  of  Tudenham,  and  Elizabeth  his  wife,  sister  of 
Sir  Thomas,  and  daughter  of  Sir  Robert  L'Estrange.  In 
1536  his  wife  died  ;  after  which  he  married  a  daughter  of 
Nevill,  Lord  Abergavenny,  widow  of  Lord  D'Acre." 

Should  Mr.  Corser  obtain  any  further  inform- 
ation on  this  subject,  or  ascertain  any  particulars 
respecting  Henry  Wotion,  who,  I  presume,  must 
have  been  a  brother  of  the  above  named  John 
Wooton,  he  will  much  oblige  by  communicating 
it  through  your  columns.  W.  (Bombay). 

Henry  Justice  (2"'^  S.  ii.  413.)  —  From  some 
notes  which  I  have  taken  from  deeds,  &c.,  I  have 
the  pleasure  to  be  able  to  inform  Mr.  Riley  that 
Henry  Justice,  about  whom  he  inquires,  was  a 
son  of  William  Justice,  of  York,  gent,  who  was 
living  in  1703.     The  wife  of  Henry  was  Elizabeth 

and  she  died  March  15,  1752.     She  was 

the  authoress  of  Amelia,  or  the  Distressed  Wife. 
His  sister  Anne  was  wife  of  Jonas  Thompson,  of 
York,  who  served  the  office  of  Lord  Mayor  of 
that  city.  The  eldest  son  of  Henry  Justice  was 
William  Justice,  of  Wymondham,  co.  Norfolk, 
Esq. ;  and  he  dying  unmarried,  at  Hingham,  was 
there  buried,  Oct.  15,  1779,  He  left  a  sister,  the 
wife  of  Dr.  Hayes,  of  Ipswich,  who  died  about 
1799,  and  his  widow  then  went  to  reside  at  Bath, 
where  she  died  about  1815.  I  have  no  notice  of 
the  time  and  place  of  the  death  of  Henry  Justice. 
The  books  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  and  the 
Middle  Temple,  where  his  admissions  would  be 
recorded,  will  probably,  if  necessary,  confirm  the 
above  statement  as  to  his  paternity.  The  family 
at  York  furnished  a  Lord  Mayor  in  the  person  of 
Emmanuel  Justice,  wAo  was  buried  Feb.  6,  1716. 
The  parish  register  at  Doncaster  contains  numer- 
rous  entries  of  that  name.  C.  J. 

The  Cambridge  Chronicle  of  Oct.  22, 1763,  con- 
tains the  following  paragraph : 

"  Lately  died  at  the  Hague,  one  Mr.  Justice,  who  was 
some  years  ago  transported  for  stealing  of  books  belong- 
ing to  the  Public  Library  of  this  University." 

My  attention  had  not  been  directed  to  this  pa- 
ragraph when  I  published  my  account  of  Justice's 
case  in  Annals  of  Cambridge,  iv.  223. 

C.  H.  Cooper. 

Cambridge. 

Munich  Tune  (2"^  S.  ii.  410.)  — G.  W.  is  in- 
formed that  Luther  is  the  composer  of  this  melody, 
being  the  choral  to  his  Christmas  Hjmn  "  Vom 
Himmel  hoch  da  Komm  ich  her."  It  appeared 
in  1535,  and  will  be  found  in  King's  Gesangbuch, 
1543,  and  in  almost  every  Lutheran  collection 
after  that  period.     Sebastian  Bach  selected  the 


melody  for  a  display  of  some  extraordinary  vari- 
ations as  an  organ  exercise.  The  choral  used 
by  Meyerbeer  in  the  Hugonots  is  also  the  com- 
position of  Luther,  to  his  version  of  the  forty- 
sixth  Psalm," Eine  feste  Burg  ist  unser  Gott."  The 
two  melodies  are  quite  distinct, "with  the  exception 
of  the  last  line.  H.  J.  Gauntlett. 

Powis  Place. 

Order  of  St.  Michael  (2"'^  S.'ii.  229.)  —Among 
the  Additional  MSS.  in  the  British  Museum, 
No.  17,436,  is  a  collection  of  arms  of  the  knights 
of  this  order,  drawn  by  the  late  Rev.  D.  T. 
Powell  of  Tottenham,  and  purchased  at  his  sale  in 
1848,  Lot  434.  /*. 

Visiting  Cards  {V^  S.  iv.  133.)  —  It  may  be  con- 
sidered very  doubtful  whether  Sir  Isaac  Newton 
used  old  playing  cards,  by  writing  his  name  on 
the  back  of  them,  for  the  purpose  of  using  them 
as  visiting  cards.  I  have  noticed  in  my  Habits  and 
Men  (p.  121.  of  the  3rd  edit.),  that  — 

"  It  was  in  Paris,  about  the  year  1770,  that  was  intro- 
duced the  custom  of  visiting  era  Mane,  a3  it  was  called, 
that  is,  by  leaving  a  card.  The  old  ladies  and  gentle- 
men, who  loved  to  show  their  costume,  called  this  fashion 
fantastic,"  &c. 

I  have  an  impression  that  Mercier,  in  his 
Tableau  de  Paris,  alludes  to  this  custom ;  but  my 
especial  authority  was  the  Baroness  Oberkirch, 
who  treats  of  this  subject  in  her  Memoirs. 

J.  Doran. 

Scipios  Shield  (2°'^  S.  ii.  352.)  — The  shield  of 
Scipio,  alluded  to  by  Mr.  Rilet,  appears  to  be 
the  circular  silver  plate,  apparently  of  Cartha- 
ginian work,  with  a  lion  and  palm-tree  in  the 
centre,  which  was  found  in  1714  in  the  village  of 
Passage,  a  little  to  the  south  of  La  Tour  du  Pin, 
near  the  road  from  Lyons  to  Chambery.  This  spot 
lies  on  the  probable  route  by  which  Hannibal  and 
other  Carthaginian  generals  crossed  the  Alps.  The 
plate  is  described  in  Wickham  and  Cramer's  Dis- 
sertation on  the  Passage  of  Hannibal  over  the  Alps, 
(p.  57.,  edit.  2nd)  ;  and  an  engraving  of  it  is  given 
at  p.  63.  In  1819  it  was  seen  by  the  authors  of 
this  excellent  treatise  in  the  King's  Library  at 
Paris,  where  it  is  probably  now  preserved.  L. 

Derivation  of  ''Pamphlet"  (2"^  S.  ii.  460.)  — 
Your  correspondent  C.  says,  "  If  it  (pamphlet) 
were  French,  would  not  the  French  have  more 
probably  retained  it  ?  "  and  he  proceeds  to  show 
that  the  French  have  retained  it,  by  quoting  the 
definition  of  it  from  the  Diet,  de  VAcad.  Fr. 

Will  C.  be  so  kind  as  to  inform  me  why  the 
French  have  not  retained  these  five  words,  kick- 
shaws, lampoon,  malapert,  paramount,  and  para- 
mour ?  And  why  they  have  substituted  for 
them,  ragouts,  chanson  satirique,  impudent,  souve- 
roin,  and  mignon  ? 


2"*  S.  N»  52.,  Dec.  27.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


515 


Perchance, .  because  some  of  these  words  ac- 
quired the  same  bad  odour  as  has  pamphlet :  If  we 
may  believe  the  following  words  from  the  Fr. 
Diet  by  J.  Ch.  Laveaux,  which  describes  it  as  "  un 
m6t  Anglais  :  on  le  prend  souvent  en  mauvaise 
part" 

Of  the  Fr.  word  lampons,  from  which  our  lam- 
poon is  derived,  the  same  Diet,  adds  : 

"  Expression  populaire.  Sorte  de  chanson  h  boire,  oil 
I'on  r^pfete  si  la  fin  de  chaque  couplet,  tampons,  pour  dire, 
buvons.  Cette  chanson  n'est  plus  d'tisage,  mcme  panni  la 
populace" 

In  a  short  time,  I  dare  say,  the  word  will  drop 
out  of  future  French  dictionaries,  and  should  our 
word  lampoon  ever  be  revived  in  France,  it  will 
doubtless  figure  in  new  dictionaries  as  "  un  m6t 
Anglais." 

Brochure  very  probably  was  the  fashionable 
word  in  France,  and  jostled  pamphlet  out  of  its 
place  :  as  it  bids  fair  to  do  here. 

If  pamphlet  were  an  English  word,  would  it 
have  been  adopted  into  the  French  language  with- 
out a  change  in  spelling,  indicative  of  a  French- 
man's effort  to  pronounce  our  word  pamphlet  as 
we  do  ?  Is  not  this  the  case  with  biftec,  houle- 
dogue,  and  roshiff  the  only  three  English  words 
naturalised  in  France  which  occur  to  me  at  the 
moment. 

But  one  word  more  in  defence  of  par  un  filet. 
Broehure  is  derived  more  probably  from  the  Low 
Latin  broca,  a  spit,  than  from  the  A.-S.  breeean, 
to  break.  In  either  case  its  relation  to  brochure 
is  the  same,  and  it  indicates  —  by  the  needle  or 
piercing  instrument  used  in  carrying  the  thread 
through  the  pages  of  a  pamphlet  —  what  we  sig- 
nify by  the  thread  itself,  par  un  filet.  Does  this 
"  tell "  against  the  French  derivation  of  tlie  word, 
as  C.  argues  ?  S.  Singleton. 

Greenwich. 

Interchange  of  "a"  and  "i"  (2"*  S.  i.  236.;  il. 
437.  457.)  —  Though  I  believe  that  E.  C.  H.  is 
right  in  saying  that  long  i  is  but  seldom  converted 
into  a,  allow  me  to  remind  h^jn  of  the  following 
statement  In  Matthlae's  Oreek  Grammar  : 

"  A,  or  <i,  and  et  are  interchanged  by  the  Dorians,  e.g- 
KXai,  CLiroKXa^ov,  for  (c\ets,  a.rr6K\ei,(Tov.  See  Valck.  ad  Theocr. 
Id.  vi.  22." 

Since  the  Greek  et  represents  the  long  i,  I  con- 
sider the  above  as  a  fair  example.  Rovillus. 
Norwich. 

Dream  Testimony  (2"^  S.  li.  458.)  —  The  Red 
Barn  murder  occurred  in  the  summer  of  1827.  I 
passed  through  the  field  where  the  Red  Barn  stood, 
soon  after  the  body  of  the  murdered  woman, 
Maria  Martin,  had  been  burled  within  it ;  but  of 
course  wholly  unconscious  of  being  so  near  the 
poor  creature's  remains.  Shortly  after  the  dis- 
covery of  the  body,  and  the  execution  of  William 


Corder  for  the  murder,  I  visited  the  Red  Barn, 
and  saw  the  place  where  the  remains  were  found. 
It  was  the  bin  on  the  right  side  of  the  barn,  as 
you  entered  by  the  front  doorway.  The  barn  was 
of  wood,  and  had  been  painted  red,  though  very 
little  colour  then  remained.  It  has  since  been 
pulled  down.  It  stood  high  up  in  a  field,  near  the 
few  houses  which  compose  the  village  of  Polstead 
in  Suffolk. 

When  Corder  had  murdered  his  unhappy  victim, 
he  dug  a  shallow  grave  for  her  in  the  Red  Barn ; 
and  when  the  harvest  was  got  in,  he  took  care  to 
have  the  bin  filled  with  corn,  and  was  present 
himself  to  see  it  carefully  stacked.  The  men 
complained  of  a  bad  smell  in  the  barn,  for  the 
corpse  of  his  victim  was  but  thinly  covered  with 
earth ;  but  Corder  said  it  proceeded  from  dead 
rats,  and  no  further  notice  was  then  taken  of  the 
circumstance.  He  was  observed  always  to  leave 
the  barn  the  last,  and  to  take  the  keys  in  his 
pocket.  What  led  to  the  discovery  of  the  murder 
was  the  circumstance  of  the  father  of  the  poor 
murdered  young  woman  dreaming  for  three  nights 
that  his  daughter  had  been  murdered,  and  buried 
in  the  Red  Barn.  In  consequence  of  this  the  corn 
was  removed,  and  the  body  discovered  a  slight 
depth  underground.  But  the  three  dreams  I 
never  considered  so  extraordinary  or  important  as 
they  were  represented.  The  father  would  na- 
turally be  anxious  and  constantly  thinking  of  his 
lost  child ;  and  suspicion  had  already  rested  on 
the  murderer.  Moreover,  the  Red  Barn  was  the 
very  place  to  deposit  the  body,  and  hints  had  been 
frequently  dropped  as  to  the  probability  of  her 
being  there.  These  circumstances  I  think  quite 
sufficient  to  cause  the  father's  dreams,  and  to  take 
away  much  of  the  mysterious  significancy  which 
was  at  the  time  attached  to  them.  F.  C.  H. 

Precentor  of  the  Province  of  Canterbury  (2""*  S. 
il.  389.  459.)  — 

"  It  may  be  mentioned  here,  that,  by  the  regulations 
of  the  Province  of  Canterbury,  the  Bishops  are  considered 
as  forming  a  Cathedral  Chapter,  of  which  the  Primate  is 
the  Bishop,  the  Bishop  of  London  Dean,  the  Bishop  of  Salis- 
bury Precentor,  the  Bishop  of  Lincoln  Chancellor,  and  the 
Bishop  of  Winchester  Sub-dean."  —  First  Report  of  Her 
Majesty's  Commissioners  for  Inquiring  into  the  State  of 
Cathedral  and  Collegiate  Churches,  Sfc,  appointed  Nov.  10, 
1852  (Report  printed  1854),  p.  ix.  Marg.;  Lyndwood's 
Provincicde ;  Wilkins,  ii.  115. 

J.  Sansoh. 

Organ  Tuning  (2""^  S.  Ii.  457.) — With  reference 
to  Mr.  Dixon's  observations  on  the  above  sub- 
ject, I  am  most  happy  in  stating,  that  It  is  an 
error  to  speak  of  the  late  Col.  Perronet  Thompson, 
for  that  gentleman  is  still  living,  and  now  holds 
the  rank  of  Major-General. 

General  Perronet  Thompson  has  written  several 
works  relative  to  tuning  ;  among  others,  are  In- 
structions   to   my   Daughter  for  playing  on   the 


516 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2>'-«  S.  No  62.,  Dec.  27,  '56. 


Enharmonic  Ovitar,  folio,  Goulding,  1830.  Also, 
articles  on  the  same  subject  In  the  Westminster 
Beoiew,  under  the  following  titles,  "  Enharmonic 
of  the  Ancients,"  "  Harmonics  of  the  Violin," 
"  Enharmonic  Organ,"  "  Woolhouse's  Essay  on 
Musical  Intervals,"  &c.,  &c.  The  above  were 
published  in  the  Westminster  Review  between  the 
years  1832  and  1833;  but  the  whole  of  Major- 
Gen.  Thompson's  articles  in  that  periodical,  with 
other  works  by  him,  were  republished  in  1842,  in 
6  vols,  small  8vo.,  by  Effingham  Wilson,  Royal 
Exchange. 

An  enharmonic  organ  that  had  been  con- 
structed under  Major-Gen.  Thompson's  superin- 
tendence was  exhibited  among  the  musical  in- 
struments at  the  Great  Exhibition  in  Hyde  Park 
in  1851.  R.  H. 

Kensington. 

Clergymen  wearing  Cassocks  (2"^  S.  ii.  412.)  — 
If  any  proof  were  wanting  that  clergymen,  in  the 
last  century,  were  in  the  habit  of  wearing  their 
cassocks  in  some  cases  as  their  every-day  costume, 
that  proof  is  to  be  found  in  Joseph  Andrews. 
Parson  Adams  travelled  about  the  country  in  it. 
"  Is  the  gentleman  a  clergyman  then  ? "  says 
Barnabas,  "for  his  cassock  had  been  tied  up  when 
he  first  arrived."  "  Yes,  Sir,"  said  the  footman, 
"  and  one  there  be  but  few  like."  And  when  the 
hounds  attacked  him,  cheered  on  by  their  master, 
to  the  infinite  disgust  of  the  huntsman,  who  said, 
"That  it  was  tlie  surest  way  to  spoil  them  to  make 
them  follow  vermin,  instead  of  sticking  to  a  hare," 
he  escaped  with  the  loss  of  a  third  part  of  it. 

It  is  clear  that  Fielding  would  not  have  clothed 
parsons  in  a  mere  fancy  dress.  R.  W.  B. 

"  Knowledge  is  Power  "  (2"*  8.  ii.  352.)  —  The 
original  idea  is  King  Solomon's,  Proverbs,  xxiv. 
5.,  "  A  wise  man  is  strong."  P.  P. 

** Drowned"  in  the  sense  of  "Buried"  (2"<»  S. 
ii.  221.)  —  Mr.  James  Gairdnbr  has  supplied 
you  with  an  ingenious  and  elaborate  article  on  the 
use  and  abuse  of  the  word  drown.  His  theory 
goes  to  prove  that  drown  is  analogous  to  bury,  and 
that  so  far  as  the  Duke  of  Clarence  is  concerned, 
he  was  not  drowned  in  a  butt  of  malmsey,  but 
simply  buried,  or  his  body  consigned  to  the  deep 
in  a  vessel  of  that  description. 

On  reading  Kennett's  History  of  England  the 
other  day,  I  met  with  a  passage  in  which  the  word 
drown  is  certainly  not  applied  in  its  usual  signifi- 
cation : 

"  But  the  princes  drew  their  cannon  up  another  hill  on 
the  right  hand  of  the  enemy,  there  l>eing  a  large  bottom, 
and  a  hill  of  vineyards,  betwixt  the  two  armies,  which 
were  not  visible  bat  from  thence;  for  the  one  hill 
drowned  the  other  to  them  in  th«  bottom."  —  Vol.  ii. 
p.  723. 

S.  D.  S. 


Double  Christian  Names  (2"*  S.  i.  253.)  —  Your 
correspondent  Y.  S.  M.  being  anxious  to  collect 
instances  of  double  christian  names  previous  to 
1730,  I  annex  a  memorandum  from  the  register 
book  of  St.  Augustine  the  Less,  Bristol : 

"  1714.  IFilliam  Calford,  son  of  John  and  Mary  Woot- 
ton,  baptized  11th  October." 

Anow. 

Due  de  Luurugnois  (1"  S.  ix.  538.)  —  Your 
correspondent  appears  to  doubt  the  truth  of  the 
assertion  that  the  duke  wore  the  remains  of  his 
wife's  body  in  a  ring.  I  believe  that  it  is  the 
truth ;  and  I  have  always  understood  that  the 
chemical  process  to  which  E.  H.  A.  alludes  was 
repeated  combtistion;  till  at  length  all  that  remnined 
of  the  body  was  reduced  to  a  caput  mortuum  in  tiie 
crucible,  the  size  of  a  small  pebble,  and  of  a  glassy, 
green,  appearance. 

I  should  think  that  this  ring  is  still  in  existence, 
and  probably  treasured  as  an  invaluable  relic  by 
the  representatives  of  the  duke. 

Henrt  T.  Rilet. 

Sayings  about  the  Weather  (2"''  S.  ii.  227.)  -- 
The  "saying"  recorded  by  Cuthbert  Bedb  is 
not  confined  to  Worcestershire.  It  extends  to 
Norfolk,  where  it  is  worded  thus  :  — 

"  Saturday's  change,  and  Sunday's  full, 
Never  brought  good,  and  never  wull !  " 

I  suspect  the  first  line  in  the  Worcestershire- 
saying  ought  to  run  thus,  to  rhyme  with  the 
second : 

"  Saturday's  change,  and  Sunday's  full  moon." 

F.  C.  H. 

In  the  county  of  Dorset  the  lines  run  thus  : 

"  A  Saturday's  change  and  a  Sunday's  full 
Comes  too  suon  whenever  it  wool." 

Clericcs  RusTicus. 

Custom  at  Dunchurch  Church  (2""^  S.  ii.  266.)— 
I  remember  reading  (in  an  old  book  of  anecdotes, 
I  believe)  that  at  a  certain  church  the  beadle  was 
accustomed  to  go  round  the  edifice,  during  service, 
carrying  a  long  staff,  at  one  end  of  which  was  a 
fox's  brush,  at  the  other  a  knob  ;  with  the  former 
he  gently  tickled  the  faces  of  those  sleepers  who 
were  of  the  female  sex,  while  on  the  heads  of 
their  male  compeers  he  bestowed  with  the  knob  a 
sensible  rap.  And  often  in  country  churches, 
where  the  children  of  the  national  schools  sit  in 
the  aisles,  the  beadle  may  be  seen  rapping  those 
who  fall  asleep  (as  well  as  those  who  are  disor- 
derly) with  a  cane.  I  have  seen  it  done  at  Little 
Hampton  Church,  Sussex.  I  should  think  such 
work  would  seldom  be  performed  by  the  church- 
warden. Thrblkeld. 

Cambridge. 

Sir  Thomas  More  (2""'  S.  ii.  455.)  —The  knight 
of  this  name,  who  was  sheriff  of  Dorset  and  So- 


2'««  S.  No  51,  Dec.  S7.  *56.^ 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


517 


meraet,  a.d.  1533,  seems  to  have  been  a  very 
difl'erent  person  from  the  ex-Lord  Chancellor. 
According  to  Hutchins,  he  was  descended  from 
the  second  son  of  a  family  who  took  their  name  of 
More,  or  Attemore,  from  a  manor  in  the  parish  of 
Marnhull,  co.  Dorset,  still  called  More,  or  More- 
side.  His  ancestor  obtained  the  estate  of  Mel- 
plaish,  in  the  same  county,  by  marrying  an  heiress 
of  that  name.  It  is  just  possible  that  the  docu- 
ment to  which  Mb.  Gairdneb  refers  may  have 
some  connexion  with  a  somewhat  remarkable 
frolic  of  which  the  sheriflf  was  himself  guilty,  viz. 
setting  open  the  prison  doors  at  Dorchester,  by 
which  the  prisoners  escaped.  For  this  misde- 
meanour, we  are  told,  he  was  obliged  to  solicit  a 
pardon,  which  was  obtained  by  means  of  Wm. 
Lord  Paulet,  afterwards  Marquess  of  Winton,  then 
Lord  Treasurer,  on  condition  that  he  should 
marry  one  of  his  daughters  and  co-heiresses  to  his 
second  son.  Lord  Thomas  Paulet,  of  Corsington, 
CO.  Somerset ;  by  which  the  estates  of  Melplaish 
came  to  that  family. 

It  is  just  possible  that  there  may  have  been 
some  kindred  between  the  frolicsome  sheriff  and 
his  far  more  famous  namesake.  Both  of  their 
families  bore  three  moor  cocks,  it  would  appear, 
though  with  a  difference  in  their  arms  ;  and,  as  is 
well  known,  the  chancellor  was  bred  up  in  the 
household  of  a  Dorsetshire  Archbishop  of  Canter- 
bury, Cardinal  Morton.  I  fear,  however,  that  his 
origin  has  been  too  long  unascertained  to  make 
this  inquiry  a  very  hopeful  one. 

C.  W.  Bingham. 

Furious  Cocks  (2"*  S.  ii.  411.)  —  Some  game 
cocks  have  a  fancy  for  attacking  human  beings ; 
such  birds  are  said  to  be  "  man  keen."  I  have 
known  a  game  cork  attack  a  child  just  in  the  way 
Mr.  Bingham  describes. 

A  still  more  curious  case  was  that  of  a  cock 
pheasant,  wild  in  a  game  cover.  Females  were 
his  especial  aversion,  and  as  the  plantation  he  fre- 
quented was  skirted  by  a  footpath,  he  was  much 
dreaded  by  them.  Surely  this  must  be  a  species 
of  insanity  in  birds.  P.  P. 

Spiders'  Webs  (2"^  S.  ii.  450.)  —  Akachne  will 
find,  in  the  Penny  Magazine  (vol.  iii.  p.  131.),  a 
very  interesting  article  on  "  Spiders  and  their 
Webs;"  and  in  the  volume,  Insect  Architecture, 
there  are  some  curious  details  relating  to  the  con- 
trivances of  Mason  Spiders.  Rennie's  Alphabet  of 
Insects  also  contains  some  valuable  information. 

Job. 

Horse  Chestnut  and  Chestnut  Horse  (2"^  S.  ii. 
370.)  —  Not  Queen  Anne,  but  George  III.,  unless 
Colonel  Mattliew  was  quoting  an  old  joke.  Co- 
lonel Matfliew  was  a  Foxite,  and  Mr.  Matthew 
Montague  was  a  friend  of  Hannah  More  and 
\Vilber(orce.  See  the  whole  anecdote  in  Roberts's 
Life  of  Hannah  More.  P.  P. 


The  Cuckoo  (2'"«  S.  i.  386.  523.)  —  Some  time 
ago,  I  copied  the  following  from  a  Dublin  news- 
paper (Saunders,  Aug.  23,  1839),  which  perhaps 
you  may  consider  worthy  of  a  nook  in  "  N.  &  Q. :" 

"  Natural  sounds  have  seldom  been  so  felicitous,  and  so 
generally  imitated,  as  the  word  '  cuckoo."  In  the  Greek 
language,  the  bird  is  called  k6kkv^. 

The  Latin cuculus. 

The  Italian cuculo. 

The  French coucou. 

The  English  .....  cuckoo. 

The  German  .....  kukkuk. 

The  S^'andal-Sclavonic    .        .        .  kukuliza,  kukoviza. 

The  Polish kukutha. 

The  Illyrian kukutha,  kukuvacsa." 

It  appears  to  be  an  extract  from  Morgenblatt, 
and  winds  up  with  an  apparent  contradiction  : 

"  The  Poles  and  the  lUyrians  have,  however,  quite 
different  names  for  the  bird ;  and  the  Swedish  abbrevia- 
tion of  ^gock"  is  very  infelicitous." 

The  analogy  of  sound  is  very  apparent ;  but  in 
turning  to  my  Greek  Lexicon,  I  find  — 

«  KoKKv^,  -V70?,  -6,  a  cuckoo ;  a  sort  of  fish ;  a  green 
fig ;  a  bone  at  the  bottom  of  the  os  sacrum ;  a  tuft,  crest ; 
a  hill  or  cliflf  1 " 


Olfioi  I 


Geo.  Lloyd. 


Pre-Existence  (2"-^  S.  ii.  329.  453.)  —  Akin  to 
this  opinion,  if  not  an  argument  in  favour  of  it,  is 
the  feeling  which  many  persons  have  at  some 
moment  experienced,  that  what  they  are  then 
seeing  or  hearing,  apparently  for  the  first  time, 
has  been  seen  or  heard  by  them  before,  though 
their  reason  assures  them  of  the  contrary. 

This  kind  of  day-dream  is  noticed  in  one  of  Sir 
E.  B.  Lytton's  novels  :  — 

"  How  strange  it  is,  that  at  times  a  feeling  comes  over 
us,  as  we  gaze  upon  certain  places,  which  associates  the 
scene  either  with  some  dim-remembered  and  dream-like 
images  of  the  Past,  or  with  a  prophetic  and  fearful  omen 

of  the  Future Every  one  has  known  a  similar 

strange,  indistinct  feeling  at  certain  times  and  places,  and 
with  a  similar  inability  to  trace  the  cause."  —  Godolphin, 
chap.  XV. 

My  own  experience,  and  that  of  some  of  my 
friends,  confirm  this  last  assertion. 

Sir  Walter  Scott,  a  man  of  sound  mind,  if  ever 
man  was  so,  made  the  following  entry  in  his  diary, 
under  date  of  Feb.  17,  1828  :  — 

"  I  cannot,  I  am  sure,  tell  if  it  is  worth  marking  down, 
that  yesterday,  at  dinner  time,  I  was  strangely  haunted 
by  what  I  would  call  the  sense  of  pre-existence,  viz.  a 
confused  idea,  that  nothing  that  passed  was  said  for  the 
first  time;  that  the  same  topics  had  been  discussed,  and 
the  same  persons  had  stated  the  same  opinions  on  them. 
....  The  sensation  was  so  strong  as  to  re.semble  what  is 
called  a  mirage  in  the  desert,  or  a  calenture  on  board  of 
ship.  ...  It  was  very  distressing  yesterday,  and  brought 
to  my  mind  the  fancies  of  Bishop  Berkeley  about  an  ideal 
world.  There  was  a  vile  sense  of  want  of  reality  in  all  I 
did  and  said."  —  Lockhart's  Life  of  Scott  (1st  edit.),  vol. 
vii.  p.  114. 

F. 


518 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  No  52.,  Dec.  27.  •56. 


Gelsthrop  Arms  (2°'^  S.  ii.  211.  377.)  —  In  reply 
to  C.  T.,  I  have  no  authority  to  state  whether 
there  was  either  an  individual  or  a  family  entitled 
to  armorial  bearings  of  this  name.  My  desire  for 
information  on  this  point  arose  from  finding  the 
name  in  connexion  with  the  ancient,  but  now 
extinct,  family  of  Pendock,  formerly  of  Pendock 
and  Gotherton,  co.  Worcester.  Richard  Pendock, 
of  this  family,  married  the  heiress  of  the  feudal 
family  of  Barry  of  Tollerton,  co.  Notts ;  and  in 
the  pedigree  before  me,  their  great  grand-son, 
Richard  Pendock  of  Tollerton,  married  Anne 
(Elizabeth),  daughter  of  William  Gelsthorpe  of 
Wharton.  The  connexion  of  the  Gelsthorpes  with 
Fishlake,  co.  York,  is  not  mentioned  in  this  pedi- 
gree ;  but  in  Burke's  Commoners  (vide  Barry  of 
Roclaveston),  there  is  a  short  notice  of  the  Pen- 
docks,  in  which  William  Gelsthorpe  is  stated  to 
have  been  of  Wharton  and  Fishlake. 

I  have  not  been  able  to  ascertain  any  bearings 
ascribed  to  the  name  of  Gelsthorpe,  and  have  only 
concluded  they  might  be  entitled  to  arms  from  their 
alliance  with  the  Pendocks.  T.  B. 

Naked  Boy  Court  (2°*  S.  ii.  387.  460.)— Pannier 
Alley  and  Naked  Boy  Court  were  not  one  and  the 
same  place,  as  suggested  by  Mr.  Taylor  :  the 
former  running  from  Blow-bladder  Street  (so 
called  from  the  bladders  formerly  sold  there, 
■when  the  shambles  were  in  Newgate  Street,)  to 
Paternoster  Row,  while  the  latter  was  situated  on 
Ludgate  Hill.  It  is  probable  the  name  of  Naked 
Boy  Court  took  its  origin  from  a  sign  at  some 
time  affixed  to  one  of  the  houses  situated  therein, 
and  was  not  peculiar  to  Ludgate  Hill ;  as  there 
■were  other  places  of  the  same  name,  in  Little  El- 
bow Lane,  Thames  Street,  and  the  Strand,  while 
Naked  Boy  Alleys  were  situated  in  Piccadilly 
and  Southwark;  and  Naked  Boy  Yards  in  Back 
Street,  Lambeth,  and  Deadman's  Place ;  whilst 
Pannier  Alley,  more  probably,  derived  its  name 
from  being  the  standing-place  of  bakers  with  their 
panniers,  when  bread  was  sold,  not  in  shops  as  at 
the  present  day,  but  in  markets  only. 

EvEBARD  Home  Coleman. 

79.  Wood  Street,  Cheapside. 

Names  of  Streets  (2°'>  S.  ii.  387.)— The  two 
Queries  in  "  N.  &  Q"  on  "  Public  House  Signs," 
"The  Naked  Man"  and  "Naked  Boy  Court," 
remind  me  of  a  very  remarkable  name  of  a  street 
in  Amiens,  some  thirty-five  years  since,  which 
gave  strong  reminiscence  of  the  revolutionary 
period  of  1792.  The  street  bore  the  ominous 
name  of  Rue  Corps  nu  sans  tete.  Our  neighbours 
have,  to  English  ears  at  least,  some  very  strange 
names  for  their  streets :  few  places  perhaps  more 
than  Boulogne-sur-Mer,  which  rejoices,  among 
others,  in  the  following  :  Rue  des  Vieillards,  Rue 
Fiel  de  Bceuf,  Rue  Puits  d^ Amour ^  Rue  tant  perde 


tant  paye  —  possibly  formerly  the  location  of  a 
gambling  house.  But  under  what  circumstances 
the  following  singular  appellation  was  given  has 
always  been  a  puzzle  to  me.  Rue  ecoute  si  plaie, 
I  should  be  glad  if  any  of  your  intelligent  corre- 
spondents could  give  the  origin  of  these  odd 
phrases,  particularly  the  last  two  ?  R.  H. 

Kensington. 

Races  on  Foot  by  naked  Men  (2"'^  S.  ii.  329.)  — 
In  reply  to  a  Query  by  your  correspondent, 
Henry  T.  Riley  on  this  subject,  such  races  as  he 
describes  are  now  in  vogue  in  South  Staffordshire  ; 
and  were,  until  within  the  last  few  years,  very 
common  :  in  fact,  all  the  foot-races  I  have  heard 
of  in  this  vicinity  have  come  off  in  the  same  man- 
ner as  the  first  race  described  by  Mr.  Riley  on 
Whitworth  Moor.  One  Whitmonday,  about  four 
years  ago,  I  saw  a  race  "against  time"  run  on  a 
public  turnpike  road  in  Westbromwich,  by  a  man 
whose  only  clothing  was  a  veri/  small  pair  of 
drawers  ;  this  race  was  witnessed  by  some  hun- 
dreds of  people  of  both  sexes.  In  the  summer 
season,  I  have  often  come  upon  a  batch  of  "  run- 
ners" practising  in  a  secluded  spot  for  some  forth- 
coming race,  and  they  were  invariably  divested  of 
all  clothing,  save  the  drawers  ;  their  object  being 
to  carry  as  little  weight  as  possible.  E.  P. 

Dudley-. 


NOTES   ON    BOOKS,   ETC. 

Mr.  Peter  Cunningham  is  a  very  lucky  fellow.  He  has 
been  entrusted,  and  his  peculiar  knowledge  justifies  the 
selection,  with  the  editorship  of  the  first  collected  edition 
of  an  English  Classic ;  and  as  this  will  no  doubt  hereafter 
be  the  standard  one,  Cunningham's  Walpole  will  hence- 
forward be  as  regularly  quoted  as  T^Twhitt's  Chaucer. 
That  Walpole  is  an  English  classic,  who  will  gainsay  ? 
With  the  exception  of  James  Howel,  he  was  in  point  of 
time  the  first  of  English  letter-writers.  That  he  is  first 
in  literar3'  rank  the  majority  of  readers  will  readily  admit. 
With  fancy  and  imagination  enough  for  a  poet,  learning 
sufficient  to  have  established  his  reputation  as  a  scholar, 
wit  equal  to  both,  and  a  social  position  which  put  him  in 
possession  of  all  the  gossip  and  scandal  of  the  day,  what 
wonder  is  it  that  Horace  Walpole  should  shine  pre- 
eminent as  a  letter- writer?  His  style,  modelled  upon 
those  sparkling  French  writers  whom  he  so  delighted  in, 
is  perfect  in  its  ease  and  simplicity ;  and  his  pictures  of 
society  combine  at  once  the  truth  of  Hogarth  and  the 
grace  of  Watteau.  When  we  add  that  in  his  delightful 
correspondence  one  may  read  the  political  and  social  his- 
tory of  England  from  the  middle  of  the  reign  of  George 
the  Second  to  the  breaking  out  of  the  lust  French  Revo- 
lution, we  do  not  risk  damaging  our  reputation  as  pro- 
phets, when  we  predict  that,  great  as  has  been  the  success 
of  former  publications  of  these  Letters,  yet  greater  suc- 
cess will  attend  the  present  edition.  For  be  it  remem- 
bered, this  edition  contains  not  only  all  the  letters  hitherto 
published,  arranged  in  chronological  order,  and  many 
now  first  collected  or  first  made  public,  but  also  the 
notes  of  all  previous  editors,   among  whom  are  Lord 


2°a  S.  No  62.,  Dec.  27.  '56.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


519 


Dover,  Mr.  Croker,  the  Misses  Berry,  and  the  Rev. 
John  Mitford.  Mr.  Cunningham  has  come  to  his  task, 
therefore,  under  very  fortunate  circumstances.  He  has 
been  preceded  by  men  familiar  with  the  events  and 
persons  of  whom  Walpole  writes,  and  one  less  practised 
in  the  duties  of  an  editor,  less  intimate  Avith  the  literature 
and  history  of  Walpole's  period,  than  Mr.  Cunningham, 
could  scarcely  have  failed  in  making  a  good  book ;  no 
■wonder,  then,  that  with  such  materials  and  such  resources 
he  has  produced  the  work  by  which  he  is  destined  to  be 
remembered  hereafter. 

Among  other  books  suited  to  the  season,  under  its 
graver  aspect,  we  may  mention  two  which  h:ive  iust 
reached  us.  The  first,  by  the  Warden  of  Sackville  Col- 
lege, is  on  a  branch  of  ecclesiastical  literature  too  little 
known  and  valued,  viz.  Mediaeval  Preaching.  There  can 
be  little  doubt,  therefore,  that  the  volume,  which  is  en- 
titled Medieeval  Preachers  and  Mediceval  Preaching,  a 
Series  of  Extracts  translated  from  the  Sermons  of  the 
Middle  Ages,  chronologically  arranged,  with  Notes  and  an 
Introduction,  by  the  Rev.  J.  M.  Neale,  will  be  welcome  to 
a  large  class  of  readers.  The  same  may  be  said  of  the 
second,  which  bears  at  the  close  of  the  historical  notice 
which  is  prefixed  to  it  the  initials  "E.  B.  P."  It  is  a' 
work  of  a  highly  devotional  character,  and  is  entitled 
Meditations  and' Prayers  to  the  Holy  Trinity  and  Our 
Lord  Jesus  Christ,  by  S.  Anselm,  sometime  Archbishop  of 
Canterbury. 

The  Publishers  of  "N.  &  Q."  have  in  the  press  a  new 
edition  of  The  Complete  Works  of  George  Herbert,  and 
would  feel  obliged  by  the  loan  of  any  annotated  copies  of 
his  Poems,  &c.,  or  separate  notes  illustrative  of  obscure 
passages. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PUECHASE. 

Parody  on  Tennyson's  Charoe  at  Balaclava.    It  is  supposed  to  have 
been  published  In  some  periodical  about  two  years  ago. 

•«*  Letters,  stating  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carriage  free,  to  be 
sent  to  Messrs.  Bell  &  Daldy,  Publishers  of  "NOTES  AND 
QUERIES,"  186.  Fleet  Street. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose  : 

Pope's  Letters.    2  Vols.    Small  8vo.    Cooper.    1737. 
Pope's  Letters  TO  Cromwell.    Curll.     1727. 
CcRLicisM  Displayed.    London.    l2mo.    1718. 
The  Corliad.    12mo.    London,  1729. 
Key  to  THE  DuNciAD.    Second  Edition.    1729. 

Ditto  Ditto    Third  Edition.      1729. 

Court  Poems.    Dublin,  1716. 

Wanted  by  William  J.  Thorns,  Esq.,  25.  Holywell  Street,  Millbank, 
Westminster. 


Hatitti  to  <S,axxti^a\xtit\\{i, 

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INDEX. 


SECOND    SERIES.  — VOL.   11. 


[For  classified  articles,  see  Anonymous  Works,  Books  hecently  Published,  Epitaphs,  Folk  Lore,  Inscriptions, 
Macaulay  Ilh«trations,  Photography,  Popiana,  Proterbs,  Quotations,  Shakspeare,  and  Songs  and  Ballads.] 


A.  on  Penrith  Castle,  70. 
Abbey  libraries,  349. 
Abbot  (Mordecai),  his  family,  41 1. 
Abhba,  on  Crab's  English,  Irish,  and  Latin  Dictionary, 
372. 

Cromwell  in  Ireland,  352. 

Danish  forts  in  Ireland,  353. 

Deluge,  its  universality,  191. 

Dinner  hour,  temp.  Elizabeth,  187. 
>      Groves's  Irish  Historical  Library,  411. 

Irish  ecclesiastical  benefices,  469. 

Irish  high  sheriffs,  508. 

"  Knowledge  is  Power,"  352. 

Marazion  in  Cornwall,  432. 

Mystery,  on  the  pope's  tiara,  248. 

Ouzel  galley,  419. 

Petty  (Sir  Wm.)  "  Briefe  of  Proceedings,"  449. 

Plague  of  mice  inl581,  186. 

Plunkett's  Light  to  the  Blind,  118. 

Eingsend,  a  local  name,  149. 

Russian  dynasty,  468. 

Saracen,  its  derivation,  229. 

Sleep  protracted,  227. 

South  Sea  schemes,  386. 

Symond's  Court  Castle,  353. 

Wolves  in  Ireland,  120. 
A.  (C.)  on  Sir  Edmund  Andros,  279. 
Acatery,  its  derivation,  270.  317. 
Accession   service,  author  of  Prayer  for  Unity,   109. 

199. 
Acoustic  query,  410. 

Addison  (Joseph)  and  his  Hymns,  49.  314. 
Adrian  IV.,  bull  conferring  Ireland  on  Henry  II.,  84. 
Adulteration  of  food  in  Shakspeare's  day,  283. 
Advertisement,  curious,  46. 
A.  (E.  H.)  on  almshouses  recently  founded,  439. 

English  words  ending  in  "  -il,"  277. 

Horse-talk,  337. 

"  Instructions  for  Lent,"  329. 

Mortuaries,  279. 

"  Political  Caricatures,"  329. 

"  Standing  in  another's  shoes,"  339. 


A.  (E.  H.)  on  sun-dial  inscription,  299. 

Uthwatt  family,  230. 
Aerolite  worship,  19. 
iEtites,  or  eagle-stone,  250. 
Affinis  on  Sir  Ferdinando  Gorges,  158. 
A.  (F.  S.)  on  jumping  dance  of  Echternach,  188. 

Torch  dance  at  Berlin,  405. 
Agincourt,  ballad  on,  349. 
Agricultural  suicides,  129. 
Ague,  remarkable  cure  for  it,  326. 
Airam  on  elephants  in  India,  371. 
Akenside  (Mark),  "  Pleasures  of  the  Imagination,"  407. 
"  Alarm,  or  alarum'd,"  its  early  use,  507. 
Alasco's  liturgy,  67. 
Alban's  (St.),  Boke  of,  130. 
Alberoni  (Card.)  on  the  partition  of  Turkey,  447. 
Alderman  of  London  fined  50?.,  349. 
Aler  (Paul),  author  of  "  Gradus  ad  Parnassum,"  230. 
Alfred's  Boethius,  by  Wright,  on  a  passage,  408. 
'AAjeus  on  biographical  queries,  53. 

Commons'  Report  of  1719,  18. 

Dublin  names  of  places,  377. 

St.  Richard,  king  of  the  West  Saxons,  1 6. 

"  World  Unmasked,"  its  author,  476. 
Allegiance,  works  on,  22. 
Allingham  (John  Till),  dramatist,  65. 
Allman  (T.  J.)  on  James  II.'s  proclamation,  284. 

Longevity,  258. 
"  Allow,"  its  meaning  in  the  Baptismal  Service,  10.  97. 
Almshouses  recently  founded,  189.  300.  439. 
Alpaca  introduced  into  England,  167.  319. 
A.  (M.)  on  Gually's  dragoons,  458. 

Punch  and  Judy,  496. 

Rubrical  query,  118. 
Amalfitan  table,  307. 

America,  connection  of  the  ancients  with,  309. 
America,  its  name  faulty,  306. 
American  Christian  names,  339. 
American-German  English,  246. 
American  States,  their  nicknames,  309.  475. 
Amherst  (Nicholas),  "  Protestant  Popery,"  422. 
Amphibious  animal  in  Scotland,  409. 
Amusements,  popular,  in  1683,  286. 
"  An,"  its  frequent  misuse,  229. 


522 


INDEX. 


Andre  (Major),  his  remains,  396. 

Andros  (Sir  Edmund),  209.  279. 

Aneroid,  its  etymology,  98.  158.  337.  417. 

Anglesey  (James  Annesley,  Earl  of)  sold  into  slavery, 

873. 
Anglo-Saxon  charters,  republication  of,  401. 
Animals,  their  responsibility  to  man,  69. 
Anitrebor  on  "  The  Vine,"  a  parable,  68. 
Anne  (Queen),  her  foster-father,  86.  154.  276. 
Anon  on  Reginald  Bligh,  97. 

Bath  Characters,  253. 

Cr^pin  (Jean  de),  491. 

Double  christian  names,  516. 

Draught,  a  provincialism,  388. 

Gamage  family,  48. 

Henley-on-Thames,  18. 

Monastic  libraries,  258. 

OTCelly  the  Irish  bard,  239. 

Prester  John,  48. 

Quotation,  250. 

"  Rebukes  for  Sin,"  its  author,  30. 

Simon  the  medallist,  115. 

Sugar-Loaf  mountains,  508. 

Anonymous  Works :  — 

Adventures- of  a  Black  Coat,  467. 

Alfred,  or  the  Magic  of  Nature,  87. 

Antiquity,  a  farce,  67. 

Antonio  Foscarini,  a  drama,  109. 

Art  of  Complaisance,  by  S.  C,  351. 

Bath  Characters,  172.  253.  397. 

Blister,  or  a  Little  Piece  to  Draw,  307. 

Book  of  Knowledge,  90. 

Carmina  Quadragesimalia,   130.    197.   312.   355. 

435.  511. 
De  Rayo,  or  the  Haunted  Priory,  148. 
Destruction  of  Small  Vices,  190. 
Don  Juan,  Stanzas  in  Continuation  of,  229.  439. 
Earl  Harold,  171. 
Edinburgh  Plays,  11. 
Essay  on  the  Oxford  Tracts,  269. 
First  of  March,  a  poem,  410. 
Garden  of  Florence,  274. 
General  Review,  491. 
Gisela,  a  tragedy,  by  J.  J.  H.,  269.        • 
Gradus  ad  Parnassum,  230. 
History  of  a  French  Louse,  467. 
History  of  the  Sevarites,  455. 
Hookwell  (Doctor),  a  novel,  231.        \ 
Horace,  the  Lyric  Works  of,  490. 
Ingrate's  Gift,  a  dramatic  poem,  269. 
Innocents,  a  sacred  drama,  438. 
Instructions  for  Lent,  329.  399. 
Ivar,  a  tragedy,  508. 

Jokeby,  a  burlesque  imitation  of  Rokeby,  49. 
Law  and  Lawyers  laid  Open,  371.  513. 
Maurice  and  Berghetta,  450. 
Memoirs  of  a  Deist,  488. 
Moschus,  the  Poetical  Works  of,  449. 
Night's  Adventures,  or  the  Road  to  Bath,  269. 
Olden  Times  :  or  the  Rising  of  the  Session,  430. 
Parliamentaiy  Debate  for  admitting  Ladies  to  the 

Commons,  229. 
Pedestrian  Tour  through  Wales  and  England,  269. 
Peep  at  the  Wiltshire  Assizes,  229.  277. 
Philistines,  or  the  Scotch  Tocsin  sounded,  49. 


Anonymous  Works :  — 

Poem  on  a  Skull,  430. 
Present  for  an  Apprentice,  1 1 . 
Prison  Amusements,  by  Paul  Positive,  60. 
Prometheus  Britannicus,  229. 
Proverbs,  Commentary  on  the  Book  of,  1596,  132. 
Rebellion  in  Bath,  397. 
Rebukes  for  Sin,  by  T.  D.,  30.  99. 
Remedy  against  Superstition,  132. 
Rights  of  Boys  and  Girls,  210. 
Romance  of  the  Pyrenees,  459. 
Rufus,  or  the  Red'King,  269.  358. 
Sisters'  Tragedy,  129. 

Strictures  on  the  Lives  of  Eminent  Lawyers,  451. 
Tarantula,  or  Dance  of  Fools,  310. 
Trafalgar,  or  the  Sailors'  Play,  499. 
Unknown,  a  drama,  437. 
Violet,  or  the  Danseuse,  99. 
Voice  of  the  Rod,  110. 
"  Weep  not  for  me,"  a  Sermon,  492. 
Wife,  or  Women  as  they  Are,  289. 
Woolgatherer,  410. 

World  Unmasked  ;  or,  the  Philosopher  the  Greatest 
Cheat,  390.  476. 

Antiquaries'  Society,  its  printing  department,  440. 

"  Antiquite's  du  Bosphore  Cimmerien,"  47. 

Antony's  (St.)  fire,  called  erysipelas,  191. 

Antwerp,  master  masons  of,  249. 

Apostle  spoons,  112.  139. 

A.  (R.  A.)  on  Ayreys  of  Westmorland,  309. 

Arachne  on  German  Concordance,  432. 

Spiders'  webs,  450. 
Archer,  an  English  sirname,  350.  417. 
Architecture,  English  and  Foreign,  447. 
Argens  (Mrs.),  her  letters,  352. 
Ariosto's    Orlando  Furioso,    early   illustrated   editions, 

173.  279. 
Aristotle,  means  of  reading  his  Logic,  81.  118.  139-. 
Aristotle's  Organon,  English  translation,  12.  39  ;  Pro- 
verbs, 48.  118. 
Armorial  bearings,  origin  of  grants,  354  ;  queries,  229. 

269. 
Armorial  on  Mark  Strother  of  Kirknewton,  352. 
Arms  in  a  church  in  i,eicestershire,  430. 
Arncliffe,  co.  York,  deed  relating  to,  347. 
Arne  (Dr.),  Oratorio  of  Abel,  author  of  the  words,  490. 
Arnold  of  Westminster,  110.  160.  218. 
Art  Curius  on  Ibbetson  and  Smith,  artists,  172. 
Arterus  on  Glasgow  city  arms,  13. 

Nolo  episcopari,  197. 

Premature  interments,  233. 
Artificers'  hours  of  work,  teynp.  Henry  VIII.,  267. 
Artillery,  royal  regiment  of,  51. 
Artillery  used  in  17th  century,  328.  414. 
Ashford  (Mary)  mnrdered  by  Abel  Thornton,  241.  433. 
Aspasia's  wart,  130.  199. 
Aspiand  (R.  B.)  on  Lord  Halifax  and  Mrs.  Barton,  390. 

Premature  interments,  232. 
Atkynson  (Wm.)  of  Haytefeld  Woodhouse,  his  inven- 
tory, 204. 
Attachiatio,  its  meaning,  212. 
Atterbury  (Bp.)  and  Tiiomas  Gent,  301. 
Augustine  (St.),  his  mission  to  England,  232. 
Australian  colonist,  the  oldest,  307.  378. 


INDEX 


523 


Axmoutb,  house  inscriptions,  26. 
AyliflE"(Mr.)  of  the  Duchy  Court,  210. 


B. 


B.  on,  Butler  possessions  in  Wiltshire,  &c.,  10. 
"  Care  vale;  sed  non  seternum,"  417. 
Roman  days  of  the  week,  133. 
Songs  on  tobacco,  471. 
B.  on  "  Maurice  and  Berghetta."  450. 

Pre-existence,  454. 
B.  1.  on  Mrs.  Gwynne,  377. 
Sidney  Montagu,  256. 
B.  (A.)  on  crooked  naves,  276. 
Marrement  in  Gower,  391. 
fi.  (a.)  on  Miss  Edgewortli,  36. 
Spelling  of  names,  36. 
Tale  wanted,  11. 
Baalbec,  temple  of  the  Sun,  49.  114.  179. 
Bac,  on  premature  interments,  278. 
Bacon  (Lord)  and  the  authorship  of  Sliakspeare's  Plays, 
267.   320.  369.  503,  504;    were  claret  and  coffee 
known  to  him?  371.  458. 
Baesh  (Sir  Edward),  noticed,  189. 
Baird  (James)  of  Chesterhall,  308.  498. 
Baker  (Sir  Richard),  character  of  his  "  Chronicle,"  509i 
Bakers,  punishment  of  dishonest,  20. 
Ballads,  their  importance,  211.  477. 
Ballard  (Mrs.)  epitaph  at  Kyde,  408.  457. 
Balloons  in  which  Marshal  Jourdan  ascended,  307. 
Bamboozle,  its  derivation,  390. 
Bandalore:  Robespierre,  350.  416. 
"  Bantering,"  its  early  use,  506. 
Barbadoes,  its  mysterious  vault,  103. 
Barber  (John),  captain  of  the  Westminster-school,  361. 
Barker,  the  sophister  of  King's  College,  491. 
Barker  (J.  N.),  American  writer,  430. 
Barker  (Thomas),  an  early  English  printer,  467. 
Barmby  (G.)  on  modern  Judaism,  278. 
Barnfield  and  Shakspeare,  8. 
Bar- Point  on  great  events  from  little  causes,  336. 
Barrett  (Eaton  Stannard),  his  anonymous  works,  310; 

death,  36. 
Barrios  (Le  Ce'lfebre),  468. 

Barton  (Catherine)  and  Lord  Halifax,  161.  265.  390. 
Bashett  family,  416. 

Basseville  (Hugo),  biographical  notice,  12. 
Bastard  child  murdered,  epitaph  on,  506. 
Bastards  spanning  their  wrists,  173. 
Bates  (Wm.)  on  Ode  attributed  to  Lord  Byron,  48.   • 

Cooper's  portrait  of  Cromwell,  33. 

Fellow,  its  etymology,  285. 

Mankind  and  their  destroyers,  280. 

Nature  and  her  mould  for  man,  225. 

Premature  interments,  103. 

Regiments,  notes  on,  213. 

Songs  on  tobacco,  471. 

Tale  wanted,  75. 

Time  and  his  pen  or  ploughshare,  326. 

Vestris  (Madame),  her  parentage,  270. 
"  Bath  Characters,  or  Sketches  from  Life,"   172.  253. 

295.  397. 
Bathurst  (Mr.),  his  disappearance,  48.  95.  137. 
Battel,  wager  of,  241.  433. 
Battens,  or  sheaves  of  straw,  409. 


Bavens,  why  faggots  so  cfiUed,  270. 

Bay  windows,  their  origin,  174.  337. 

B.  (C.  M.)  on  Queen  Anne's  foster-father,  86. 

B.  (C.  W.)  on  Dr.  George  Campbell,  432. 

Marranys,  its  meaning,  492. 
B.  (D.)  on  Major-General  Stanwix,  37. 
B.  (E.)  on  Raffaelle's'pictures  in  England,  192. 
Beans,  white  and  black,  used  for  voting,  408, 
Beauchamp  family  arms,  112.  159.  234. 
Beaufort  House,  Chelsea,  324. 
B.  (E.  C.)  on  Bradshaws  of  D'Arcy  Lever,  249. 
Becket  (Thomas  k),  grace-cup,  31;  his  sister's  portion, 

386. 
Beckingliam  (E.)  on  dry  collodion  processes,  473.  , 
B.  (E.  D.)  on  Bishop  Butts,  17. 

Gamage  family,  136. 
Bede  (Cuthbert)  on  execution  of  a  prisoner,  85. 

Illuminated  MS.  at  the  White  House,  481.  501. 
Lord  of  Burleigh,  457. 
Merry  England,  277. 
Pale,  North  Malvern,  66. 
Partridges  scented  by  dogs,  350. 
Poems  in  praise  of  tobacco,  332. 
Priests'  hiding-places,  337. 
Song,  "  Hallow  my  fancie,"  57. 
Temperature  at  the  Incarnation,  466. 
Weather  sayings,  227. 
Behmen  (Jacob)  and  Sir  Isaac  Newton,  38.  92.' 
Bellamy  (Daniel),  noticed,  507. 
"  Bell  bastard,"  a  term  of  reproach,  487.  .. 
Bellerophon,  not  mentioned  in  Ovid,  410.  j 
Bell-founder  in  1722,  467. 
Bell  gable  for  three  bells,  467. 
Bellisarius  on  near-sightedness,  149. 
Belphos  on  elephants  and  blood  of  mulberries,  388. 
Bennet  family,  229. 

Bennett  (G.  W.)  on  Spring  Gardens,  Greenwich,  456. 
Bennett  (.James)  on  Sir  Robert  Mansel,  499. 
"  Obnoxious,"  its  various  senses.  111. 
Quercus  sessiliflora,  493. 
Bensley  (Robert),  the  actor,  356. 
Bentley  (Richard)  on  Letters  of  Horace  Walpole,  66. 
Bergholt  (East),  extracts  from  its  parish  books,  121. 
B.  (F.)  on  showers  of  wheat,  289. 
B.  (F.  C.)  on  lawn  billiards,  10. 
Releat,  a  provincialism,  12. 
Rose  of  Jericho,  437. 
B.  (G.  R.)  on  Madame  de  FontevrauU,  508. 
Quotations  wanted,  452. 
Valiifere  (La  Duchesse  de  la),  491. 
B.  (H.)  on  "  The  Ladies  Cabinet  Opened,"  &c.,  333. 

Premature  interments,  358. 
Bible  forgery;  "  Paul  a  knave,"  389. 
Bible,  omission  ofyin  marginal  references,  331. 
Biblical  epitomes,  386.  496. 
Bibliographical  scrap-book,  mottoes  for,  408. 
Bibliothecar.  Chetham.  on  Apologie  of  Jack  Ketch,  5. 
Cavaliers'  Complaint,  63. 
Common-Place  books,  94. 
Dutch  Guards'  farewell  to  England,  461. 
Literary  General  Index,  22.  141.  303,  445. 
Plotting  Levite,  a  satire,  1 64. 
Trees  and  flowers,  72. 
Biddenham  maids,  404. 
Bildcstone,  Suffolk,  arms  in  the  church,  450. 
Billiards,  lawn,  called  Troco,  10. 75.  "^ . 


524 


INDEX. 


"  Billy-boy,"  or  sailing  barge,  270. 
Binford  family  amis,  268. 

Bingham  (C.  W.)  on  burial  in  unconsecrated  ground, 
337. 

Cocks,  furious,  411. 

Folly,  its  derivation,  349. 

Jeu  d'esprit,  348. 

More  (Sir  Thomas),  sheriff  of  Dorset,  516. 

Tschlin,  its  locality,  371. 
"  Biographie  Universelle,"  its  omissions,  506. 
Birch  (Edward),  seijeant-at-law,  229. 
Birch  (Dr.  Thomas),  editions  of  his  "  Lives  of  Illus- 
trious Men,"  28. 
Birch  (Lieut-Gen.  John),  grant  of  arms,  42. 
Births  extraordinary,  226.  307. 
Bishops,  list  of  suffragan,  1. 
Bishops'  aprons,  411. 
Bisse  (Dr.  Philip)  noticed,  53,  54. 
Bisselius  (John)  noticed,  173. 
B.  (J.)  on  attachiatio,  212. 

Binford  family  arms,  268. 

Birch  (Edw.),  serjeant-at-law,  229. 

Epitaph  on  Passive  Obedience,  143. 

Indefinite  article  "  an,"  229. 

Jessopp  (Judge),  249. 

New  oath  examined,  and  found  guilty,  183. 

Poor  Layman's  resolution  in  difficult  times,  184. 

Raymond  (Sir  Charles),  Bart,  268. 
Black  letter  writing,  19. 
"Black  Prince,"  a  tragedy,  491. 
"  Black  Watch,"  notes  on,  266. 
Blackmore  (Sir  Eichard),  his  knighthood,  345. 
Blawn-sheres  explained,  65.  137.  237.  278. 
Blencowe  (G.)  on  East  Bergholt  registers,  121. 
Bligh  (Reginald)  of  Queen's  College,  Cambridge,  10. 
Bligh  (Lieut.  Wm.),  his  family,  411.  472. 
Blood  royal,  what  constitutes  it,  507. 
Blood  which  will  not  wash  out,  20.  57.  97.  334. 
Blood  (Wm.)  on  gypsum,  bones,  guano,  99. 

Vessels'  approach  foreseen,  96. 
Bloxam  (Dr.)  noticed,  249. 
Blue  and  buff  as  party  badges,  159. 
B.  (P.)  Dublin,  on  Ring's  End,  Dublin,  315. 
Boarding-schools  at  Hackney  and  Bow,  351. 
Boase  (John  J.  A.)  on  acatry,  270. 

Mincio  river,  228. 

Sources  d'Eaux  at  Buda,  338. 
Beckett  (Julia  R.)  on  funeral  expenses,  1751-57,  26. 

St.  Lawrence  Church,  Reading,  411. 
Boeoticus  on  Bible  marginal  reference  letter  yj  331. 
Boles  (Richard),  epitaph,  65.  195. 
Bolingbroke  (Lord),  letter  to  Alex.  Pope,  127. 
Bonac  (Marquis  de),  his  family,  352. 
Bonaparte  family,  266. 

Bonaparte  (Napoleon),  English  letter  by,  385. 
Bond  (Mr.)  and  the  "  Progress  of  Dulness,"  203. 
Bone  (J.  H.  A.)  on  the  habits  of  the  coot,  307. 

Proverb:  "  Like  lucky  John  Toy,"  327. 

Stone  at  Hoyle,  Cornwall,  351. 

Wolves  eating  earth,  328. 
Bones  as  a  manure,  99.  399. 

Booker  (John)  on  mankind  and  their  destroyers,  459. 
"  Book  of  Knowledge,"  its  author,  90. 
Books  burnt,  19.  77;  at  Prague,  287. 
Books  to  public  libraries,  332. 
Books,  varnishing  old,  69.  155- 


Books  recently  published :  ^ 

Andrews's  Eighteenth  Century,  440. 

Arden's  Scripture  Breviates,  340. 

Bell's  Early  Ballads,  Illustrative  of  History,  320. 

Bible  divided  into  Paragraphs,  40. 

Black's  Picturesque  Tourist  of  Scotland,  100. 

Buckler's  Churches  of  Essex,  340. 

Cambridge  Catalogue  of  Manuscripts,  140. 

Chanter's  Ferny  Combes,  160. 

Chappell's  Popular  Music  of  Olden  Time,  140. 

Croker's  Boswell's  Johnson,  new  edition,  80. 

Crowe's  Early  Flemish  Painters,  500. 

De  la   Rue's   Indelible  Diary   and   Memorandum 

Book,  379. 
Dobson's  Parliamentary  Representation  of  Preston, 

40. 
Ferguson's  Northmen  in  Cumberland  and  West- 
moreland, 500. 
Fox  (Lieut.- Gen.),  Engravings   of  Greek  Coins, 

379. 
Gainsborough  (Thomas),  his  Life,  100. 
Gibson's  Marvels  of  the  Globe,  340. 
Gosse's  Manual  of  Marine  Zoology,  479. 
Greenwood's    History  of  the  Latin    Patriarchate, 

259. 
Hamlet:  the  Queen  an  Accessory  to  the  Murder  of 

her  Husband,  320. 
Hearne's  Remains,  edited  by  Dr.  Bliss,  379. 
Herd  Boy,  from  the  Swedish  of  Upland,  40. 
Home's  Introduction  to  the  Scriptures,  10th  edit., 

439. 
Hotten's  Catalogue  and  Adversaria,  500. 
Humphrey's  Ocean  Gardens,  479. 
Hunt's  Treatise  on  Stammering,  200. 
Ingleby's  Outlines  of  Theoretical  Logic,  259. 
London    and    Middlesex   Archaeological    Society's 

Transactions,  440. 
Maunder's  Treasury  of  Geography,  379. 
Morley's  Life  of  Cornelius  Agrippa,  379. 
Murray's  Handbook  for  Wiltshire,  Dorsetshire,  &c., 

140. 
Neale's  Farm  of  Aplonga,  340. 
Neale's  Mediseval  Preachers,  519. 
North  British  Review,  100. 
Overbury  (Sir  Thomas),  his  Works  by  Dr.  Rim- 

bault,  500. 
Palmer's  History  of  Great  Yarmouth,  340. 
Pedlar's  Episcopate  of  Cornwall,  500. 
Procter's  Barber's  Shop,  340. 
•    Quarteriy  Review,  No.  197.,  80;  No.  198.,  340. 
Roberts's  Social  History  of  England,  200. 
Robinson  (Matthew),  his  Autobiography,  320. 
Scott  (Sir  Walter),  Few  Hours  with  him,  340. 

Lord  of  the  Isles,  479. 

Seven  Lectures  on  Shakspeare  and  Milton,  340. 
Shakspeare's  Plays,  their  authorship,  320. 
Shakspeare's  Plays,  by  Singer,  40. 
Sims's  Manual  for  the  Genealogist,  &c.,  160. 
Smith  (Dr.  Wm.),  Dictionary  of  Greek  and  Roman 

Geography,  140. 
Smyth's  Catalogue  of  Coins  belonging  to  the  Duke 

of  Northumberland,  40. 
Somersetshire  Archaeological  Society's  Proceedings, 

440. 
Southey  (Robert),  Selections  from  his  Letters,  79. 


INDEX. 


525 


Books  recently  published :  — 

Stories  by  an  Arcbaeologist  and  his  Friends,  359. 

Surrey  Archaeological  Society's  Transactions,  440. 

Todd's  Index  Rerum,  200. 

Trollope's  Girlhood  of  Catherine  de  Medicis,  479. 

Vade  Mecum  for  Tourists  in  France  and  Belgium, 
200. 

Wallace  (Lady),  Voices  from  the  Greenwood,  500. 

Waller's  Catalogue  of  Autographs,  500. 

Walpole's  Letters,  edited  by  Cunningham,  518. 

Walton's  Angler,  by  Jesse,  80. 

White's  Lecture,  "  The  Boundaries  of  Man's  Know- 
ledge," 40. 

Wilson  (John),  "  The  lost  Solar  System  of  the 
Ancients,"  359. 

Bookworm  on  Mr.  Bathurst's  disappearance,  48. 

Curll's  puMications,  384. 

Pretended  dauphins,  84. 
Boomerang,  early  allusion  to  it,  407.  475.  497. 
Boruwlaski  (Count),  157. 

Bothwell  (Francis  Stuart,  Earl  of),  last  place  of  confine- 
ment, 141.  219. 
Botiller  family  arms,  419. 

Bottles  filled  by  pressure  of  the  sea,  59.  114.  220. 
Boxing-day  in  law  courts  and  theatres,  68. 
Boyd  (E.  Lennox)  on  Ouzel  galley,  456. 
Braban9ons,  mercenarj'  soldiers,  499. 
Bradshaws  of  D'Aicy  Lever,  249.  294. 
Brady  and  Tate's  Psalms,  authorship,  309. 
Brahe  (Tycho),  his  genius,  264. 
Brasses,  monumental,  425. 
Brawn,  a  celebrated  cook,  196.  235. 
Bray  (Dr.  Thomas),  libraries  in  America,  109. 
Brewer's  bequest,  249.  339. 
B.  (R.  H.)  on  "  Bath  Characters,"  397. 

"  A  Peep  at  Wiltshire  Assizes,"  229. 

Brittox,  a  street  in  Devizes,  431. 

Indian  war  medal,  508. 
Bridgewater  (Duke  of)  and  canal  locks,  387. 
Briefs  collected  in  Ormesby  St.  Margaret,  222. 
Brilley  church  and  funeral  stone,  Herefordshire,  307. 
British  Museum  new  reading-room,  379. 
Brittox,  a  street  in  Devizes,  431. 
Brockie  (Wm.)  on  the  last  gibbet,  296. 
Bromley  (Thomas),  his  Works,  488. 
Bromyard,  the  calends  at,  110.  236.  276.  419.  494. 
Brooke  (Richard)  on  ducking-stool,  99. 
Brookshaw  (Edw.)  on  last  gibbet  in  England,  439. 
Brown  (C.  P.)  on  Armelle  Nicolas's  confession,  413. 
Brown  (Douglas),  on  deed  relating  to  ArnclifFe,  347. 
Brown  (James),  his  "  London  Directory,"  308. 
Browne  (Capt.  R.),  of  Gually's  dragoons,  288.  458. 
Browne  (Hawkins),  "  A  Pipe  of  Tobacco,"  332. 
Bruce  (John)  on  Letters  of  Gustavus  Adulphus,  &c.,  261. 
Brunnanburh  battle,  229.  277.  295. 
Brunswick  dynasty,  casting  vote,  43.  97.  153.  198.  280. 
Brute  Chronicles,  their  publication,  128. 
B.  (R.  W.)  on  bell  inscription,  299. 

Bitter  beverages,  392. 

Chewing  the  cud,  190. 

Clergymen  wearing  cassocks,  516. 

Gibbet,  the  last  in  England,  216. 

Green  rose,  300. 

Guano,  as  a  manure,  194. 

"  Hair  of  the  dog  that  bit  you,"  239. 


B.  (R.  W.)  on  juries  laying  their  heads  together,  265. 

Knowledge  is  power,  487. 

Naves,  crooked,  297. 

Worthley  (Grace),  497. 
Bryant  (Charles)  of  Norwich,  430. 
Brydges  family,  249. 

Brydges  (Sir  Sam.  Egerton),  a  military  oflicer,  464. 
B.  (S.)  on  obnoxious,  111. 
B.  (T.)  on  armorial  queries,  269. 

Gelsthorp  family  arms,  211.  518. 

St.  Frideswide,  270. 

Sir  Robert  Sale's  arms,  350. 
B.  (T.  B.)  on  the  Pope  and  Blount  Letters,  344. 
Buchanan  (Mr.),  president  of  the  United  States,  45 1 . 
Buck-basket,  its  derivation,  373. 
Buckton  (T.  J.)  on  Baalbec  temple,  114. 

Calvary,  its  locality,  97. 

Candide  and  the  Quarterly  Review,  398. 

Deluge,  its  universahty,  240. 

Dismissal  of  non-communicants,  205. 

General  Epistles,  276. 

Gothe  on  the  Antigone  of  Sophocles,  123. 

Greek  cross,  257. 

Gypsies,  or  Romees,  193. 

Hebrew  Scriptures,  authorised  version,  474. 

"  Par  ternis  suppar,"  239. 

Punch  and  Judy,  495. 

Saracen,  its  derivation,  298. 
Bud,  its  etymology,  144. 
Buda,  Turkish  inscription  at,  218.;  sources  d'eaus,  218  . 

338.  419. 
"  Buflfooning,"  its  early  use,  506. 
Building,  the  oldest  in  Britain,  449. 
Bulgaria,  the  Christian  bell  heard  at,  326. 
Burge  (Geo.)  on  Chatterton's  portrait,  231. 
Burial  in  unconsecrated  ground,  337. 
Burial  with  coffins,  454. 
Buriensis  on  Lepell's  regiment,  416. 
Burke  (Edmund),  "  Literary  Remains,"  372. 
Burke  (Wm.),  the  murderer,  dissected,  251. 
Burleigh  (the  Lord  of),  457. 
Burn  (J.  S.)  on  parish  registers,  118. 

Simon  (Thomas),  medallist,  276. 
Burnet  (Bp.  Gilbert),  letter  on  the  landing  of  the  Prince 
of  Orange,  244. ;  Treatises  on  Polygamy  and  Divorce, 
131. 
Burnet  (Dr.  Thomas),  "  Archasologia,"  321. 
Burns  (Robert),  inedited  poetry,  506. 
Burrett  (W.  A.)  on  the  rites  of  gypsies,  11. 
Buslingthorpe  family  arms,  328. 
Bass,  or  Butt  (Mrs.),  Queen  Anne's  nurse,  155. 
Butler  possessions  in  Wiltshire,  &c.,  10. 
Butler  (Rev.  Richard)  on  harp  in  arms  of  Ireland,  13. 
Butts  (Dr.  Robert),  bishop  of  Ely,  17.  478. 
B.  (W.  K.  R.)  on  ancient  parliamentary  speech,  430, 
By  field  (Nicolas),  his  "Pattern  of  Wholesome  Words," 

211.  338. 
Byrom  (Dr.  John),  his  Jacobite  toast,  292. ;  paraphrase 

on  the  motto  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  ib. 
Byron  (Lord),  Ode  attributed  to  him,  48. 
Byng  (E.  E.)  on  ancient  British  saints,  68. 

Hengist  and  Horsa,  76. 

Memorials  of  former  greatness,  99. 

•'Pence  a  piece,"  118. 

Band,  its  derivation,  138. 

Tobacco  drinking,  95. 


526 


INDEX. 


Byng  (E.  E.)  oa  umbrella,  or  parasol,  76. 
WeatHer  in  1856,  139. 


0. 


C.  on  Archer,  the  English  surname,  417. 

Bandalore  and  Robespierre,  416. 

Carmaf^noles,  394. 

Contributors'  names,  4,57. 

Fleur-de-lis,  510. 
-     Folly,  its  derivation,  436. 

Hayne,  its  meaning,  78. 

Henderson  (John),  458. 

Horse-godmother,  499. 

Irish  round  towers,  79. 

Jacobite  song,  79. 

Leaning  towers,  456. 

Lines  quoted  by  Sir  Robert  Peel,  75. 

Pamphlet,  its  derivation,  460. 

Pope  and  Warburton,  242. 

Port  Jackson,  77. 

Richmond  Park,  verses  in,  395. 

Spanish  proverbs,  456. 

Striking  in  the  king's  court,  75. 

Swift's  inedited  letter,  256. 

Swift's  portraits,  96.  254. 

Ventre  St.  Oris,  476. 
C.  de  D.  on  Lady  Selby's  epitaph,  314. 
C.  (A.  B.)  on  Brawn,  196. 
Cabinet,  mosaic,  at  Crystal  Palace,  411. 
Cabinet  councils,  their  origin,  427.  507. 
Ca9adore  on  Sahagun  sword- blades,  172. 
Cselius  of  Rhodes,  his  Commentaries,  487. 
Cair  guin  truis,  its  locality,  451. 
Calends,  its  meaning,  110.  236.  876.  419.  494. 
Calonne  (M  de),  eulogium  on  the  English  nation,  83. 
Calvary,  its  locality,  34.  97. 
Calvin's  Genevan  liturgy,  67. 
Camb.  on  Pope  at  Cambridge,  182. 
Cambridge  clods,  170. 
Cambridge  jeu  d'esprit,  408. 
'Camoens,  translator  of  the  "  Island,"  37. 
Campbell  (Dr.  Archibald)  noticed,  432. 
Campbell  (Duncan),  and  the  "Progress  of  Dulness,"  203. 
Campbell  (Dr.  George)  noticed,  432. 
Canada,  derivation  of  the  name,  428. ;  longevity  of  the 

inhabitants,  37. 
Canal  locks,  their  inventor,  387. 
Canard,  origin  of  the  word,  370. 
Candler  or  Chandler  family,  150. 
Canina  (Luigi),  architect,  370. 
Canonicals  worn  in  public,  479. 
Canute  (King)  noticed,  303. 

Capitaines,  tiie  advoydyng  of,  temp.  Edw.  VI.,  287. 
Captious  on  prisoners  of  war,  191. 
Carey  (Henry),  his  parentage,  413. 
Carey  (Walter)  noticed,  372. 
Caricatures,  1755—1760,  329.  413. 
Carleton  Curlieu,  pronunciation  of  its  people,  469. 
Carmagnoles,  music  of,  269.  335.  394. 
Carmes,  unobliterated  blood  in  the  convent,  57. 
•'  Carmina  Quadragesimalia,"  its  authors,  130.  197.  312. 

355.  435.  511. 
Carrington  (F.  A.)  on  armorial  queries,  300. 

Artillciy  in  the  17th  century,  414. 


Carrington  (F.  A.)  on  churching  place,  382. 

Human  skin  tanned,  299. 
Carrington  (H.  E.)  on  Illustrations  of  the  Simplon,  280. 

"Think  on  me,"  219. 
Cassock,  long  and  short,  412.  516. 
Castell  (Dr.),  his  trouble  with  his  diocesan,  228. 
Cat  worship,  46. 
Caterer,  its  derivation,  270. 
Cathedral  stalls,  parliamentary  returns,  89. 
Catholious  on  "  Tantum  ergo."  59. 
Cats,  tailless,  at  Cambridge,  385. 
Caulfield  (Mrs.  Edwin  Toby),  dramatic  writer,  438. 
"  Cavalier's  Complaint,"  63. 
C.  (B.  H.)  on  fish  being  tamed,  235. 

Rand,  a  provincialism,  237. 

Saracens,  314. 
C.  (B.  N.)  on  "  Carmina  Quadragesimalia,"  355.  511. 
C.  (C.)  on  Enstammt,  or  Erstourt,  330. 

Gamage  family,  336. 

Rue  in  criminal  courts,  351. 
C.  (C.  H.)  on  Charles  Cotton,  228. 
C.  (C.  0.)  on  Charles  I.  and  Cromwell,  111, 
C.  (C.  Y.)  on  "  Chara  valeto,"  &c.,  289. 
C.  (E.)  on  remote  traditions  through  few  links,  29. 

Roger  de  Wakenfelde,  387. 
Celtic  element  in  the  English  language,  308.  395.  439. 
Celts  in  Europe,  55. 
Centurion  on  havens  and  billy-boy,  270. 

Notes  on  regiments,  36. 
Cervus  on  arms  in  Severn  Stoke  church,  1 12. 
Cestriensis  on  McTurk  and  Williams,  197. 
Ceyrep  on  curious  epitaphs,  306. 
C.  (F.  A.)  on  arms  in  Severn  Stoke  church,  234. 

Carmagnoles,  music  of,  395. 
C.  (G.  H.)  on  medal  of  Charles  I.  and  Henrietta  Maria,  29. 
C.  (G.  R.)  on  Arnold  of  Westminster,  218. 

Little  Burgundy,  86. 

Rawsons  of  Fryston,  Yorkshire,  27. 
C.  (H.  A.)  on  Aristotle's  logic,  118.    ' 

Poem  on  a  mummy,  137. 
Chadwick  (J.  N.)  on  William  Cooper,  357. 
Channel  Islands,  its  heraldry,  270.  319. 
Chanvallon  (Francois  de)  on  the  fall  of  Namur,  364. 
Charles  I.  and  Henrietta  Maria,  medal,  29.  59.  120. 
Charles  I.'s  letter  to  the  Wells  corporation,  185. 
Charles  I.,  relationship  to  Oliver  Cromwell,  111.  239. 
Charles  II.,  letter  to  Queen  of  Bohemia,  111. 
Charlotte  (Queen),  "her  drinking-glasses,  109. 
Charnock  (R.  S.)  on  humulus  and  lupulus,  392. 

Prideaux  family,  512. 

Queries  on  a  tour,  1 6. 

Regatta,  477. 

Rue,  the  herb  of  grace,  479. 

Saguntum  sword-blades,  417. 

Satellite,  its  derivation,  134. 

Turkish  inscription  at  Buda,  218. 
Chateau  (J.  H.)  on  American  Christian  names,  339. 
Chatterton  (Thomas),  portrait,  171.  231. 
C.  (H.  B.)  on  claret  and  coffee  known  to  Bacon,  371. 

De  Witts'  murder,  64. 

George  the  Fourth's  boots,  465. 

Mollerus'  Poems,  116. 

Pagan  Philosopher:  Rabiger,  416. 

Sybil,  lines  on  the,  473. 

Voltaire's  Candide,  its  continuation,  398. 
Check,  or  cheque,  its  orthography,  191.  377.  459. 


INDEX. 


527 


"  Cheer,"  or  "  good  cheer,"  its  derivation,  4. 
Cheshire  games,  circ.  1630,  487. 
Chesnut-horse  and  horse-chesnut,  370. 
Chester,  King's  School,  249. 
Chetwood  (Wm.  Rufus),  321. 
Cheverells  on  armorial  query,  229. 

Biddenden  maids,  404. 
Chewing  the  cud,  190. 
Chejne  (Dr.  George),  147.  254. 
Chilcombe  churches,  near  Winchester,  165,  256. 
"  Chimajra,"  a  poem,  its  author,  30. 
Chimney,  the  first  in  England,  410. 
China  Independence,  327. 
Chinese  acquaintance  with  classic  history,  329. 
Chinese  inscriptions  found  in  Egypt,  387.  498. 
Christian -and  surnames  in  America,  29.  197. 
Christian  names,  double,  197.  299.  516. 
"  Christian  Sodality  :  or  Catholic  Hive  of  Bees,"  339. 
Chubb  (J.)  on  Egyptian  locks,  147. 
Churchill  (John)  and  the  Duchess  of  Cleveland,  463. ; 

his  Satires,  466. 
Churching  place  in  early  times,  382. 
Cibber  (Colley),  turned  out  of  the  House  of  Lords,  21. 
Circumnavigator  on  oldest  Australian  colonist,  378. 

Quercus  robur,  358. 
Civil  wars,  memorials  of,  185. 
C.  (L.)  on  lightning  conductors  to  ships,  87. 
Clapperton  (William)  noticed,  1 7. 
Clarence  (George  Plantagenet,  3rd  Duke  of),  his  death, 

221.297.335.516. 
Clarke  (Hyde)  on  Simon  the  medallist,  77. 

Wyld's  great  globe,  348. 
Clayton  (Dr.  John),  and  coal  gas,  224. 
Cleland  (Col.),  his  "  Memoirs  of  a  Woman  of  Pleasure," 

351.  376.  418. 
Clergy  buried  with  face  towards  the  west,  112. 
Clei-ical  county  magistrates,  297. 
Clericus  on  geraniums,  their  significations,  38. 

Germination  of  seeds,  117. 
Clericus  D.,  on  painting  of  siege  of  Namur,  149. 

Pope  Urban  VI.,  451. 
Clericus  Rusticus  on  horse-chesnut  and  chesnut-horse, 
370. 

"  Paul  a  knave,"  389. 

Precentor  of  province  of  Canterbury,  389. 

Weather  rhymes,  516. 
Clerk  of  the  Wardrobe,  308. 
Clerkenwell,   ministers   of  St.  James's,    1722 — 1757, 

309.  417. 
Cleveland  (Barbara  Villiers,   Duchess   of),   and   John 

Churchill,  463. 
Clue  (M.  de  la)  noticed,  506. 
C.  (M.)  on  epitaph  in  Plumstead  chui'chyarti,  305. 

Leaning  towers,  478. 

Proverb  on  Rome,  129. 
C.  (Me.)  on  eggs  in  heraldry,  353. 
Coach  miseries  in  olden  time,  126.  313.  432. 
Cobbett  (Wm.),  his  tomb,  317. 
Cocker  (Edmund)  and  his  Works,  252.  310. 
Cock-fighting,  its  origin,  8. 
Cocks,  furious  ones,  411.  459.  517. 
"  Codex  Diplomaticus,"  new  edition,  401. 
Coffer,  its  ancient  meaning,  69.  117.  219. 
Coin  collectors,  caution  to,  300. 

Coins,   forgeries   of  Roman,  406;  imitations  of,  465; 
scriptural  legends  on,  436. 


Coke  (Sir  Edward),  spelling  of  his  name,  19.  58.  159. 
Coleman  (E.  H.)  on  Apostle  spoons,  139. 

Naked-boy  court,  518. 
Coleridge  (S.  T.)  on  reason  and  understanding,  255.;  the 
common  soldier  in  the  "Friend,"  267. ;  unpublished 
lines,  369. 
Collerne  (Elizabeth),  her  baptismal  entry,  306. 
Collier  (J.  Payne)  on  ballad  on  Agincourt,  349. 

His  reply  to  an  attack  upon  him,  340. 

Shakspeare  and  Barnlield,  8. 
Collins  (Win.)  Ode,  "  How  sleep  the  brave,"  489. 
Collyns  (Wm.)  on  common-place  books,  219. 

"  Dissenters  Dissected,"  68. 

Forensic  wit,  168. 

Kenton  bells,  348. 

Quercus  robur,  434. 
Colman  (Geo.),  preface  to  his  "Iron  Chest,"  70.  178. 
Colombo  (Fernando)  and  Henry  VIII.,  170.  437. 
Colville  (Sam.),  author  of  "  The  Great  Imposture,"  351. 
Comenius  (John  Amos)  and  education,  170. 
Comet  of  1556,  its  return,  105;  of  December,  1680, 

269.  316. 
Commons  Committee,  Special  Report,  1719,  18. 
Common-place  books,  38,  94.  219;  mottoes  for,  327. 

399. 
Common-Place  Books  for  the  Bible,  304. 
Common  Prayer-book,  the  Occasional  Services,  88.  109.; 
Thanks  after  reading  the  Gospel,  and  reverence  in  the 
Venite,  467. 
Commonwealth,    "  Commission  for   Public   Preachers," 

373.  438. 
Compensativeness,  or  anti-monastic  philosophy,  348. 
Concordance  to  Luther's  Bible,  432.  475. 
Conflans  (Le  Mardchal  de)  noticed,  506. 
Congrelaticobualists,  110. 
Connecticut  charter  oak,  226.  386. 
Constantina,  superstition  at,  145. 
Contributors'  names  to  "  N.  &  Q.,"  382.  457. 
Conway  papers,  468. 
Cook,  a  noble  Scotch  one,  87.  137. 
Cooper  (C.  H.)  on  Henry  Justice,  514. 
Cooper  (C.  H.  and  Thompson)  on  Barker,  the  sophister 
of  King's,  491. 

Bligh  (Reginald),  10. 

Hood  (Thomas),  M.D.,  10. 

Hotham  (Rev.  Cliaries),  10. 

Ordinaries  of  arms,  293. 

Ormston  (Sir  Roger),  409. 

Stapylton  (Sir  Robert  and  Philip),  468. 
Cooper  (Samuel),  portrait  of  Cromwell,  33. 
Cooper   (Thompson)  on  Milton's  Works  by  Symmons, 

505. 
Cooper  (Wm.),  author  of  "  The  Student  of  Jena,"  307. 

357. 
Cooper  (Wm.  Durrant)  on  the  Cromwells  and  Oliver  St. 

John,  381. 
Coot,  its  habits,  307.  477. 
Cope  (Sir  John),  descendants,  68. 
Copernican  system  and  the  papal  condemnation,  248. 
Corder  (Wm.),  the  murderer,  458.  515. 
Corkscrews  and  bottlescrews,  466. 
Corn  measures,  131.  196. 
Corporate  and  parochial  records,  505. 
Corser  (Thomas)  on  Wotton's  "  Courtlie  Controversie," 

428. 
Corsican  brothers :  Nicholas  and  Andrew  Tremuine,  10. 


528 


INDEX. 


Cotswolds,  Gloucestershire,  horse-racing  on,  418. 
Cotton  (Archdeacon)  on  Richard  Lingard's  will,  175. 
Cotton  (Charles),  poet,  228. 
Couch  (Jonathan)  on  political  poem,  45. 
"  Country  Parson's  Honest  Advice,"  69. 
Courier  newspaper  bribed,  18. 
"  Court  Poems,"  their  literary  history,  341. 
Courtney  family,  discrepancies  in  the  Peerage,  404. 
Coutereaux,  mercenary  soldiers,  499. 
Coventry  god-cakes,  229. 
Coverdale  (Bp.  Miles),  "  New  Testament,"  30. 
Cowper  (B.  H.)  on  Cocker  and  his  works,  311. 
Old  house  at  Poplar,  231. 
Oriental  literature,  364. 
Cowper  (Bp.  Wm.),  his  "  Holy  Alphabet,"  298. 
Cowper  (Lord  Chancellor),  accused  of  bigamy,  150. 
Cowper  (Spencer)  and  Sarah  Stout,  151. 
Cows,  cheap  travelling  on,  46. 
C.  (P.)  on  meaning  of  Leckerstone,  247. 
C.  (P.  L.)  on  Pope's  letters  to  Cromwell,  242. 
C.  (R.)  on  Brydges  family,  249. 
Crab's  English,  Irish,  and  Latin  Dictionary,  372. 
Crane  (Rev.  Thomas),  noticed,  124.  233.  257. 
Cranmer  (Abp.),  his  recantation,  268. 
Credence  table,  75. 
Cre'pin  (Jean  de),  his  arrest,  491. 
Crests  and  mottoes,  28. 
Cricket  played  by  public  schools,  410. 
Crivellus  (Johannes  Franciscus),  painter,  88. 
Crocus  (Cornelius)  "  Comoedia  Sacra,"  331. 
Croker  (Right  Hon.  J.  W.)  on  Eton  Montem,  146.;  lines 

on  a  tree,  346.  395. 
Croker  (Sir  John)  of  Lineham,  his  crest,  510. 
Crompton  (Wm.),  his  ,"  Remedy  against  Superstition," 

132. 
Cromwell  (Oliver),  his  intended  emigration,  152.;  in 

Ireland,  352.;  his  portraits,  468.;  portrait  by  Cooper, 

33.  97. 
Cromwell  family  and  Oliver  St.  John,  381. 
Cromwell  House,  Old  Brompton,  208.  291.  396. 
Crookes  (St.  John)  on  nicknames  of  American  states, 

475. 
Crosby  (James)  on  Duchess  of  Fitz- James,  256. 
Cross'  (St.)  hospital,  Winchester,  450. 
Crossley  (Francis)  on  Baalbec,  179. 

"Hey  Johnny  Cope,"  180. 
Crowe  (J.  0.  B.),  note  on  Xenophon,  267. 
Crusade,  the  fifth,  149.  218. 
Crux,  Oxon,  on  arms  of  Sparrow  families,  431. 
Crystal  Palace  and  the  monuments  of  Templars  and 

Freemasons,  25. 
C.  (T.)  on  coach  miseries,  432. 
"  Par  ternis  suppar,"  336. 
Cuckoo,  its  name  in  different  languages,  517. 
Culme  family  of  Devonshire,  330.  377. 
Culpeper  (Judith),  noticed,  130.  177. 
Cumberland  (Richard),  his  "  John  de  Lancaster,"  247.; 

oration  at  his  grave,  468. 
Camnor,  inscriptions  on  church  bells,  438. 
Cunningham  (Peter)  on  Harriot,  the  great  eater,  6. 

Curll  ('ild'nun'l,)  his  life  and  publications,  301.  321. 
341.  361.401.  421.  441. 
"Charitable  Surgeon,"  321. 
Copyrights  purchased  by  Curll,  403. 
"  Court  Poems,"  341. 


Curll  (Edmund),  Erdeswick's  Staffordshire,  403.  499. 
Francklin  (Richard),  Curll's  apprentice,  321.  383. 
Kennett  (Bp.),  correspondence  with  Curll,  441. 
Mist's  Journal  on  Curll's  indecent  Works,  421. 

441. 
"  Moore  Worms,"  a  broadside,  343. 
"  Neck  or  Nothing,"  361. 
Poisoning  by  Alex.  Pope,  342.  383. 
Pope  (Alex.)  and  Curll,  204.   302.  321.  341  — 

343.  364.  424. 
Robinson  (Bishop)  and  Curll,  424. 
Rochester  (Earl  of),  his  Poems,  424. 
Thoresby's  correspondence  with  Curll,  403. 
Walpole  (Sir  Robert),  Curll's  letter  to  him,  443. 
Westminster   scholars'  punishment   of   Curll,  21. 

361. 
Wintoun  (Earl  of),  his  Trial  printed,  401. 
Works  published  by  him,  302.  321—324.  341— 

343.  383,  384.  401.  403.  423.  441. 

Cuthbert  (St.)  in  Wells,  its  altar,  485. 
C.  (W.)  onacatry,  317. 

Bow  and  bay  windows,  337. 

Dodsley's  Collection  of  Poems,  315. 


D. 

D.  on  Chatterton's  portrait,  231. 

Ghost  walks  in  theatres,  431. 

Montgomery  (Rev.  Robert),  37. 

Quotation,  "  How  commentators,"  &c.,  31. 

Singular  plant,  236. 

Waller  (Robert),  M.P.  for  Chipping  Wycombe,  490. 
A.  on  fleur-de-lis,  511. 

Tong  parochial  library,  499. 

Tothill  pedigrees,  372. 
A..  Richmond,  on  leaning  towers,  388. 
D.(A.  A.)  on  ballads,  211. 

Bastards,  173. 

Daily  service,  148. 

Dismissal  of  non-communicants,  68. 

Dreams  true  after  midnight,  77. 

Erysipelas,  or  St.  Antony's  fire,  191. 

Fish  being  tamed,  1 73. 

Great  events  from  small  causes,  232. 

Litany  suffrages,  171. 

Mormonite  males  and  females,  268. 

Ornamental  hermits,  119. 

Poem  on  a  Mummy,  87. 

Prayer  for  Unity,  109. 

Satellite,  its  derivation,  69. 

Synodal  s,  151. 

Vaughan  and  Rogers,  126. 

Zooks,  its  derivation,  147. 
Dactyliotheca  Smythiana,  130. 
Dagger  money,  506. 
Dagmot  on  shaking  in  a  sheet,  352. 
Daily  service,  148.  212. 
Daldy  (F.  R.)  on  Gower  queries,  327.  409. 
D.  (A.  N.)  on  "  Par  ternis  suppar,"  239. 
Dance  of  Death,  188.  512. 
Dancing  over  a  husband's  grave,  146. 
Danish  forts  in  Ireland,  353. 
Danvers  (Sir  John),  noticed,  449. 
Darien  Company  and  Equivalent  Company,  330.  419. 
Dauphins,  pretended,  84. 


INDEX. 


529 


Daveney  (Henry)  on  crests  and  mottoes,  38. 

Crooked  naves,  38. 

Epitaph  at  Norwich,  305. 

Michaelmas  goose  dinner,  426. 

Military  dinners,  174. 

Public  preachers  during  the  Commonwealth,  438. 

Vilain  IV.  (Count),  398. 
Davenport  (William),  noticed,  174. 
Davies  of  the  Marsh,  co.  Salop,  468. 
Davies  (F.  R.)  on  Davies  of  the  Marsh,  468. 

Merchant's  mark,  409. 

Voelgrwn  (Llewellyn),  his  arms,  490. 
Davies  (Lieut.-Col),  his  family,  190. 
Davis  (Benj.)  on  C.  U.,  organist,  389. 
Davis  (H.  G.)  on  Cromwell  House,  Old  Brompton,  208. 

Shaftesbury  House,  Little  Chelsea,  286. 
Davis  (Richard),  almanac  maker,  30. 
Days  of  the  week  in  ancient  deeds,  133.  220. 
8.  (3.  7.)  on  Rev.  R.  Montgomery,  78. 

Ten  Commandments  in  Roman  catechisms,  79. 

Validity  of  English  orders,  78. 
D.  (E.)  on  Sir  Edward  Coke,  1.59. 

Posies  on  gold  rings,  219. 
Dead,  origin  of  burning  the,  296. 
Dead  resuscitated,  248.  376. 

Deaneries,  rural,  their  extent  and  jurisdiction,  89.  120. 
Death,  presentiments  of,  149. 
Death  at  will,  147.  254.  358. 
Decalogue  in  Roman  Catholic  catechisms,  79.  116.;  its 

division  in  the  Roman  church,  175. 
Decimal  coinage,  71.  112. 
Deck  (Norris)  on  copying  encaustic  tiles,  317. 

Glasgow  arms,  14. 

Image  of  Diana  at  Ephesus,  19. 

Pikemonger,  his  avocation,  308. 

St.  Richard,  bishop  of  Chichester,  16. 
"  Deep-mouthed,"  as  used  by  poets,  105. 
Defoe  (Dan.),  his  "  Jure  Divino,"  508. 
D.  (E.  H.  D.)  on  the  Diamond  Rock,  508. 

St.  Martin's-in-the-Fields,  492. 
Deities  who  preside  over   the  days  of  the  weeks,  133. 

220. ;  and  the  fingers,  298. 
De  la  Pryme  (C.)  on  fagot,  ficatum,  437. 
"Delia  Opinione,  Regina  del  Mondo,"  431. 
Delta  on  blue  and  buff,  159. 

Jewish  versions  of  Hebrew  Scriptures,  429. 

John  Knox's  prophecy,  159. 

Modern  Judaism,  148. 

Montgomery  (Rev.  Robert),  133. 

Nolo  episcopari,  258. 

Pre-existence,  454. 

Shakspeare  and  Charles  Lamb,  284. 

Songs  on  tobacco,  471. 

Standing  in  another's  shoes,  278. 

Stars  in  the  East,  207. 

Thanksgiving  Day  in  United  States,  258. 
Deluge,  its  universality,  191.  240. 
Demonological  queries,  492. 
Denton  (Wm.)  on  hops,  early  notices,  391. 

Mankind  and  their  destroyers,  475. 

Whitsunday,  origin  of  the  name,  99. 
Derwentwater  family,  336. 
Descents  reckoned  by  Christian  names,  269. 
Desultory  Reader  on  "  deep-mouthed,"  105. 

Shakspeare  and  bis  printers,  127. 
Devonshire  saying,  246. 


D.  (G.)  on  John  Cleland,  376. 

Song  by  old  Dr.  Wilde,  138. 
D.  (G.  H.)  on  Bishop  Butts,  478. 

Double  Christian  names,  197. 

Mayor  of  London  in  1335,  258. 
D.  (H.  G.)  on  John  Till  Allingham,  65. 

Hundredth  Psalm  tune,  70. 

Knapgs  (Thomas),  lecturer  of  St.  Giles',  70. 

Parochial  libraries,  78. 

Shakspeare  at  Paddington,  87. 
Diabology,  by  Professor  Vilmar,  268. 
Dialects  of  England  and  Scotland  temp.  Elizabeth,  431. 

476. 
"  Dialogues  of  Creatures,"  its  various  editions,  150. 
Diamond  Rock,  508. 
Diana  im.age  at  Ephesus,  19. 
Diboll  (J.  W.)  on  Radish  boy's  cry  at  Great  Yarmouth, 

405. 
Dickison  (Dicky)  of  Scarborough  Spa,  189.  273. 
Dictionaries,  modern  standard  English,  191.  377. 
Digby  (Sir  Kenelm),  his  "  True  Spirit  and  Practice  of 

Chivalry,"  130. 
Dinner  hour  temp.  Elizabeth,  187. 
Dinton  Church,  Bucks,  inscription  on  the  door,  238. 
Diocese,  or  Diocess,  its  orthography,  269. 
Dissection  of  murderers,  64.  98. 
"  Dissenters  Dissected,"  a  poem,  68. 
Dixon  (R.  W.)  on  Langhorne  family,  149. 

Organ  tuning,  457. 

Port  Jackson,  50. 

Tale  wanted,  218. 
D.  (J.)  on  Both  well's  last  place  of  confinement,  141. 
D.  (K.  H.)  on  "  Love  and  Sorrow,"  &c.,  89. 
D.  (M.)  on  aneroid,  158.  417. 

Climate  of  Hastings,  149. 

Dr.  Cheyne,  254. 

Dover  Castle  road,  150. 
Dobson  (Wm.)  on  Peter  Newby,  315. 
Dod  (Dr.  Thomas),  Dean  of  Ripon,  portrait,  387. 
Dodd  (Wm.)  on  Sir  Guy  the  Seeker,  337. 
Dodsley's  Collection  of  Poems,  274.  315. 
Dogs,  how  to  frighten,  278.  337.  460. 
Dogs  in  churches,  187. 

Doily,  a  small  cloth,  origin  of  the  name,  387.  476. 
Dolem.an,  origin  of  the  name,  98. 
Doran  (Dr.  J.)  on  Aspasia's  wart,  199. 

Cheap  travellhig  on  cows,  46. 

"  Cow  and  the  snuffers,"  song,  60. 

Deities  who  presided  over  the  fingers,  298. 

Hamilton  (Emma)  and  Dr.  Graham,  316. 

Human  leather,  119. 

Jourdan  (Marshal),  his  balloons,  307. 

Leckerstone,  291. 

Numerous  families,  78. 

Shakspeare :  "  All  the  world's  a  stage,"  207. 

Visiting  cards,  514. 
Douce  (Francis),  his  book  notes,  22.  225.;  requests  to 

be  decapitated,  103. 
Douglas  (C.  J.)  on  Bolingbroke's  letter  to  Pope,  127. 

Hogarth's  crest,  249. 

Noble  cook,  87. 

Prologues  and  epilogues  to  Westminster  Plays,  68. 

Rhyming  Dictionary,  250. 

Sandys's  Ovid,  255.        ■" 

Severn  Stoke  church,  arms  in,  234. 

Siddons  (Mrs.),  her  birth-place,  89. 


530 


INDEX. 


Dover  Castle,  oriarin  of  its  road,  150. 

Downeman  (Rev.  Geo.),  prays  for  the  Earl  of  Essex,  61 

Doxology:  "  Praise  God  from  wliom  all  blessings  flow,' 

its  author,  309.  474. 
D.  (P.)  on  epigram  on  the  Dunciad  fronti.spiece,  182. 
Drachsholm,  Botlivvell  confined  in  its  castle,  141. 
Draper  (H.)  on  "  pence  a  piece,"  118. 
Draught,  a  provincialism,  388. 
Dream-books,  109. 
Dream  superstitions,  325. 

Dream  testimony,  the  Red  Bam  murder,  458.  515. 
Dreams,  morning,  77. 
Dredge  (John  I.")  on  Eaton's  Sermons,  138. 

Marriot  the  great  eater,  33. 

"  Rebukes  for  Sin,"  its  author,  99. 

Remote  tradition  through  few  links,  74. 

Rolle  (Samuel),  139. 
Dress  in  1780,  227. 
"Drowned,"  in  the  sense  of  "  buried,"  221.  297.  335. 

516. 
Drum,  words  adapted  to  its  beats,  339. 
Drvden  (John),  his  funeral,  345. 
D.'(S.N.)  on  "allow,"  139. 

"  It,"  an  old  English  idiom,  139. 
D.  (T.  H.)  on  New  York  murder,  110. 
Dublin,  origin  of  names  of  places  in,  315.  377. 
Ducking-stool  for  women,  38.  98.  295. 
Duke  (Richard),  the  poet,  4. 
Duncan  (Lord),  lines  on  his  victory,  146. 
Dunchurch,  custom  during  Divine  service,  266.  336. 

516. 
Duncombe  (Col.  John),  noticed,  157.  217. 
Duncumb  (John),  his  legal  fees,  173. 
Dun-da-lethglas  on  Southwell  MSS.,  310. 
Dunelmensis  on  Durham  University,  412. 
Dunliip  (Wm.),  American  author,  129.  339. 
Dundis  (Madame),  "  Court  of  England,"  400. 
Dunton  (John),  his  "  Summer  Ramble,"  132. 
Durham  Castle,  ancient  drum  at,  148. 
Durham  University  projected  by  Cromwell,  412.  475. 
Durmast  oak,  its  durability,  493. 
Dutch  Guards'  farewell  to  England,  461. 
D.  (W.  S.)  on  Aristotle's  Proverbs,  48. 


E, 


E.  on  Dicky  Dickison,  273. 

St.  Pancras  church,  Jliddlesex,  490. 
Eachard  (Dr.  John)  and  Barnabas  Oley,  492. 
Early  rising  and  night  watching,  388. 
Eastwood  (J.)  on  "  allow  "  in  baptismal  service,  97. 

Artillery  in  seventeenth  century,  414. 

Epitaph  at  Barnwell  Priory,  478. 

Gower  queries,  420.  499. 

Lawn  billiards,  75. 

Scotch  Darien  Company,  419. 

Thanks  after  reading  the  Gospel,  467. 
Eaton  (Samuel),  his  Sermon,  93.  138. 
Eber  on  glycerine  for  naturalists,  38. 
EbfF.  (J.  Q.)  on  parochial  library  at  Maldon,  218. 
Echternach,  the  jumping  dance  of,  188.  512. 
E.  (C.  P.)  on  almshous|s  recently  founded,  439. 
Eddystone  lighthouse,  inscription  on,  238. 
Edgar  Atheling,  484. 
Edgeworth  (Miss),  parentage,  36.  396. 


Edinburgh  Review,  the  first,  227. 
Edward  II.'s  retreat  into  Glamorganshire,  602. 
Edwards  (Henry)  on  deans  and  prebendaries,  120. 
Effigies  on  curious  inn  signs,  299. 
Index  mottoes,  357. 

Leeming's  picture  at  Hereford  Cathedral,  277. 
Eggs  in  heraldry,  353.  419. 
Egyptian  locks,  147. 

E.  (H.)  on  Thomas  Barker,  a  printer,  467. 
Newcourt's  Repertorium,  396. 
Passports,  60. 
Eirionnach  on  Common-Place  books  for  the  Bible,  304. 
Mottoes  for  a  bibliographical  fccrap-book,  408. 
Mottoes  for  a  Common-Place  book,  327. 
Theosophists  and  Mystics,  487. 
E.  (J.)  on  Hayne,  a  local  termination,  49. 

Physiology,  229. 
E.  (K.  P.  D.)  on  death  at  will,  254. 
Early  inventory,  204. 
Longevity  in  Canada,  37. 
Organ  submerged,  420. 
Pari.sh  registers,  378. 
Scotch  Darien  Company,  419. 
Selden's  birth-place,  469. 
Superstition  at  Constantina,  145. 
Superstition  of  the  present  day,  128. 
Elephants  exasperated  by  the  blood  of  mulberries,  388. 

435. 
Elephants  in  India,  371. 
Elham,  Kent,  parochial  library,  39. 
Elizabeth  (Queen)  and  the  study  of  Greek,  29. ;  epitaphs 

on,  246. 
Ellis  (John),  miscellaneous  writer,  316. 
Ellis  (Sir  Henry)  on  Newcourt's  "  Repertorium,"  374. 
E.  (M.)  on  the  blue  frock  coat,  370. 
Encaustic  tiles,  how  copied,  270.  317. 
England  (New),  documents  relating  to,  108.  335. 
Enlightenment,  an  unpopular  word,  210.  336. 
Enquirer  on  Minerva  of  Sanctius,  132. 

Wray  (Daniel),  Junius  claimant,  164. 
Enstammt,  or  Erstourt,  330. 
Entitled,  or  intituled,  288. 
Epergne,  surtout  do  table,  260. 
Epigrams:  Bless'd  be  the  Sunday,  66. 
Dunciad  frontispiece,  182. 

Knowledge  is  power,  487.  • 

Epistles,  General,  why  so  called,  209.  276.  399. 

Epitaphs :  — 

Adkins  (William)  of  Winchester  College,  195. 
Ballard  (Mrs.)  at  St.  Thomas,  Ryde,  408.  457. 
Bastard  child  murdered  by  its  mother,  506. 
Bell-ringer,  James  Barbara,  8, 
Boles    (Richard),   in   Winchester   Cathedral,    65, 

195. 
Crawsley  (Eliza)  at  Kinver  Church,  305. 
Crewe  (Phoebe)  in  Norwich,  305. 
Davies  (Madam  Mary)  in  Winchester  Cathedral, 

190. 
Davison  (Tho.)  in  Winchester  College,  195. 
Expence  (Martin)  in  Clewer  Church,  432. 
Fitz  -Pen  als  Phippen,  Truro,  305. 
Flower  (George)  of  Winchester  College,  196. 
Geffres  (Thomas)  of  Winche.ster  College,  195. 
Gislenus  Romanus  (J.  B.)  at  Rome,  306. 
Green  (Sir  William),  Bart,  at  Plumstead,  305. 


INDEX. 


5ai 


Epiti'ihs  ;  — 

Hill  (John)  at  Bradfortl,  Yorkshire.  397. 
Hoilson  (Edmund)  of  Winchester  College,  195. 
Hubbard  (Henry),  Abinger  Churchyard,  306.  397. 

478. 
.Tones  (Thomas)  of  Winchester  College,  19.5. 
Larke  (Thomas)  of  Winchester  College,  195. 
Maria  (S.)  del  Popolo,  Rome,  306. 
Palavacini  (Sir  Horatio),  13. 
Selby  (Dorothy)  at  Ightham,  248.  314.  415. 
Shine  (Diniel)  in  Mucross  Abbey,  258. 
Stirling  (Sir  Wm.  Alexander,  1st  Earl  of),  449. 
Thetcher  (Thomas)  in  Winchester  Cathedral,  64. 
Turner  (Wm.)  of  Winchester  College,  196. 
Walton  (Robert)  of  Winchester  College,  196. 

Equivalent  Company,  330.  419. 

E.  (R.)  on  Lees  of  Alt  Hill,  37. 

Era,  a  new,  foretold,  8. 

Erdeswick's  Survey  of  Staffordshire,  its  republication, 

403.  499. 
Eremite  on  a  Trafalgar  veteran,  445. 
Erica  on  quotation,  "  Sleep,  the  friend  of  woe,"  11. 

Receipt  or  recipe,  439. 
Erskine  (Thomas),  advocate,  his  "  Christian  Evidences," 

85. 
Erysipelas,  why  called  St.  Antony's  fire,  191. 
Essez  (Earl  of),  prayers  for  him,  61. 
Estcourt  (Sir  William),  killed  in  a  duel,  372. 
Ethergingis,  its  meaning,  289.  395. 
E.  (T.J.)  on  words  ending  in  -il,  119. 

Quotation :  •'  Where  is  thy  land,"  130. 
Eton  Montem,  picture  of  the  ceremony,  146. 
Eucharist:  dismissal  of  non-communicants,  68.  205. 
European  history  known  to  barbarous  nations,  146.  316. 
Events,  great,  from  slender  causes,  43.  152.  232.  336. 

452. 
Evershed  (S.)  on  Calvary,  its  locality,  34. 
Execution,  revival  after,  73. 
Expence  (Martin),  epitaph  in  Clewer  Church,  432. 


F.  on  Le  Ce'l^bre  Barrios,  468. 

Bull  of  Adrian  IV.,  84. 

Christian  names  in  America,  29. 

Death  at  will,  358. 

European  history  known  to  barbarous  nations,  316. 

Pre-existence,  517. 

Real  Skimpole,  106. 

Smethell's  Hall  chapel  burnt,  448. 

Wagers,  curious,  427. 
Fagot,  in  the  sense  of  food,  339.  378.  457.  515. 
Fain,  or  feign,  play,  388. 
Fairies,  83.  119.  33$. 

Fakeers,  interment  and  resuscitation  of,  248.  376. 
Falconer  (Dr.  R.  W.)  on  resuscitation  of  the  Fakeers. 

376. 
Falstaff  (Sir  John),  noticed,  283.  369. 
Families,  large,  39.  78. 
Farinelli,  his  two  favourite  songs,  146. 
Farmer  and  his  landlord,  165. 
Farrer  (J.  W.)  on  forensic  wit,  257. 

Mincio,  295. 

Talleyrand  and  Shakspeare,  369. 


Fast  in  the  year  1640,  331. 

Faulkner  (Geo),  portrait  of  Dean  Swift,  21.  96.  139. 

158    199.  254.  509. 
F.  (C.)  on  engraved  portraits,  278. 
Feather:  "  Showing  the  white  featlier"  79, 
Fellow,  its  etymology,  285.  S.'iS. 
Felo-de-se  and  manorial  rights,  57. 
Felton  the  assassin,  his  portrait,  146. 
Fenton  of  Milnearne,  Perthshire,  171. 
"  Ferriol,"  on  an  old  pipe  case,  189. 
Fig-pie  wake,  320. 
Filazer,  his  duties,  354. 
"  Finetti  Philoxensis,"  MS.  of,  491. 
Firrey  (Benj.)  on  Melrose  Abbey,  39. 
Fish,  can  they  be  tamed?  173.  235.  296.  339. 
Fitton  (Francis),  monument  and  jwrtrait,  47. 
Fitzgerald  (Preston),  noticed,  429. 
Fitz-James  (Duchess  of),  her  husband,  210.  256.296. 
Fitz-Patrick  (Wm.  John)  on  Eaton  Barrett,  36. 

Grafton  (Duke  of),  biographical  sketch,  462. 

Literary  remains  of  Burke  and  Duke  of  Grafton, 
372. 

Sneyd  (Honoi-a)  and  Major  Andre',  396. 

Writers  bribed  to  silence,  18. 
F.  (J.)  on  Duke  of  Grafton's  "  Vindication,"  456. 
F.  (J.  M.)  on  Titan's  goblet.  111. 
Flambeaux  in  Grosvenor  Square,  8. 
Fleming  (Robert),  "  Rise  and  Fall  of  the  Papacy,"  .'52. 
Fleur-de-lis,  41.  510. 
Flora  on  colouring  natural  flowers,  371. 
Flowers,  on  colouring  natural,  371.  438. 

Folk  Lore:  — 

Ague  cure,  326. 

Biddenham  maids,  404. 

Dream  superstitions,  325. 

Fairies  in  Hertfordshire,  &c.,  83.  338.  ' 

Hair,  superstition  about  human,  277. 

Moor-Park  legend,  405. 

New-Year  superstition,  325. 

Oak-apple  day,  405. 

Radish  boy's  cry  at  Great  Yarmouth,  405. 

Railway  custom,  83. 

Raven  superstition,  325. 

Stag  beetle,  83. 

Torch  dance,  405. 

Folly,  its  derivation,  349.  436. 
Fondingge  used  for  temptation,  493. 
Fontevrault  (Madame  de),  a  nun,  508. 
Foreign-English,  238. 

Foreigners  admitted  to  corporation  honours,  28. 
Forensic  wit,  168.  238.  257. 
Forster  (Dr.  T.)  on  periodical  meteors,  1 06. 
Foss  (Edward)  on  Charles  L  cousin  to  Oliver  Cromwell, 
239. 

Culpeper  (Judith),  177. 

Nolo  episcopari,  155. 

Parochial  libraries,  39. 

Rowe,  serjeant-at-law,  337. 
Fossil  human  skeleton  near  Fondel,  49. 
Fowlers  of  SUffordshire,  307.  378. 
Fox  (George)  and  Durham  University,  413. 
Foxton  (Thomas),  his  works,  321.  454. 
F.  (P.  H.)  on  Nolo  episcopari,  258. 
Frager  (Ein)  on  American  Christian  names,  197. 


532 


INDEX. 


Frager  (Ein")  on  drum  at  Durham  Castle,  148. 

Hieroglyphic  Bible,  89. 

Tan  turn  Ergo,  13. 
Francis  (Dr.  Philip),  his  Horace,  156. 
Francklin  (Richard),  bookseller,  321.  383. 
Franklin  (Dr.  Benj.),  noticed,  76.  118. 
Fransham  (Isaac)  of  Norwich,  467. 
Eraser  (Wm.)  on  Devonshire  saying,  246. 

Mortuary  fees,  172. 
Freke  (William),  noticed,  467. 
French  author  and  Rabbinical  writer,  410. 
French  called  a  general  language,  427. 
Frere  (Geo.  E.)  on  clerical  county  magistrates,  297. 

Hayne,  a  provincialism,  157. 

Holly  as  an  evergreen,  56. 

Leckerstone,  291. 

Quercus  robur,  358. 
Frideswide  (St.),  noticed,  270. 
Frysley,  Halsende,  Sheytye,  their  locahty,  211. 
F.  (S.)  on  Lord  Northwick's  motto,  189. 
F.  (T.)  on  Gamage  family,  98. 

"  Springers,"  or  62nd  regiment,  36. 
Fuit  on  derivation  of  Muggy,  310. 
Funeral  expenses  in  1751-57,  26. 
F.  (W.  H.)  on  Phoenicians  and  Celts,  54. 


G. 


G.  on  harp  in  arms  of  Ireland,  13. 

Montgomery  (Rev.  Robert),  134. 

Poetical  wills,  303. 
G.  (1.)  on  holly  an  indigenous  evergreen,  158. 

Hospital  out-patients,  156. 
r.  on  Dr.  Griffiths  and  the  "Monthly  Review,"  377. 
G.  (A.),  Edinburgh,  on  Tranent  Book  of  Discipline, 

427. 
Gaguin  (R.),  Douce's  notes  on  his  Works,  22. 
Gairdner  (James)  on  the  death  of  the  Duke  of  Clarence, 
221. 

More  (Sir  Thomas),  his  house  at  Chelsea,  455. 

St.  Margaret's  and  St.  Martin's,  Westminster,  144. 
Galilee,  or  nave,  119. 
Galloway  bishops,  211.  298. 
Gamage  family,  48.  98.  135.  336.  473. 
Gantillon  (P.  J.  F.)  on  Continuation  of  Don  Juan,  439. 

Hospital  out-patients,  378. 

O'Kelly  the  Irish  bard,  339. 
G.  (A.  P.  G.)  on  the  Greek  cross,  190. 
Garden  (Peter),  his  longevity,  483. 
Game  (Col.  Thomas)  king  designate  of  Bucharia,  62. 
Gas  from  coal,  its  inventor,  224. 
Gatta  Melata,  15. 
Gauntlett  (Dr.  H.  J.)  on  "  God  save  the  King,"'  96. 334. 

Musical  notation,  72.  90. 

Old  Hundredth  tune,  354. 
G.  (C.)  on  Kemeys  family,  416. 
G.  (D.)  on  quotation  in  Sir  R.  Peel's  Memoirs,  48. 
Gelsthrop  family  arms,  211.  377.  518. 
Genevan  liturgy,  67. 

Gent  (Thomas)  and  Bishop  Atterbury,  301. 
Gentleman's  Magazine,  new  proprietorship,  40. 
George  I.,  satirical  poem  on,  423. 
George  III.'s  letter  to  Lord  Temple,  7. 
George  IV.,  his  boots  satirised,  465. 
Geranium,  its  emblematical  meaning,  38. 


G.  (H.  J.)  on  Old  Hundredth  tune,  35. 

"  Ghost  walks,"  theatrical  slang  phrase,  431. 

Gibbet,  the  last  in  England,  216.  296.  439. 

Gibbon  (Edward),  a  military  officer,  464. 

Gibson  (W.  S.)  on  longevity,  &c.,  483. 

Giflford  (Richard),  noticed,  74. 

Gillet  family,  150. 

Gipsies,  their  rites  and  ceremonies,  11. 

Girle  (Rev.  S.)  on  premature  interments,  232. 

Gites,  origin  of  the  term,  309. 

G.  (J.  F.)  on  Lieut.  William  Bligh,  472. 

G.  (J.  M.)  on  Calends,  236. 

Chatterton's  portrait,  171. 

Irish  round  towers,  44.  1 55. 

Lamb  (Charles),  album  verses,  285. 
G.  (L.)  on  climate  of  Hastings,  296. 
Glasgow  city  arms,  13.  92. 
Glass,  origin  of  stained,  506. 
Glass  manufacture,  works  on,  290. 
Glwysig  on  William  Andrew  Price,  466. 
Glycerine  for  naturalists,  38. 
Goddard  family  arms,  269.  300. 
Godiva's  portrait  in  St.  Michael's,  Coventry,  492. 
Golden  Spears,  co.  Wicklow,  508. 
Gomery  (Mr.).     See  Montgomery. 
Goose,  its  watchfulness,  134. 
Gordon  of  Auchluchries,  344. 

Gordon  (Geo.  Huntly),  on  the  Waverley  Novels,  462. 
Gordon  (Lord  George),  his  riots,  156.  216. 
Gore  (Thomas),  noticed,  53,  54. 
Gorges  (Sir  Ferdinando),  notices  of,  108.  158. 
Gothe  (J.  W.  von),  his  antichristianism,  489. ;  on  the 

Antigone  of  Sophocles,  123. 
Gotz  von  Berlichingen  with  the  iron  hand,  281. 
Gower's  "  Confessio  Amantis,"  queries  in,  327.  391.  409. 

420.  499. 
G.  (R.)  on  Birch's  Lives  of  Ilhistrious  Men,  28. 
G.  (R.)  jun.  on  "  Sir  Guy  the  Seeker,"  289. 
Grace  cups,  their  history,  31. 
Grafton  (Augustus  Henry,  3rd  duke  oQ,  biographical 

sketch,  462. 
Grafton  (Duke  of),  "  Vindication  of  his  Administration," 

372.  456. 
Graham  (Dr.)  and  Emma  Hamilton,  233.278.316.; 

his  bath  of  warm  earth,  159.  233.  358. 
Grain  crops,  88.  180. 
Grant  (A.  T.)  on  Alfred's  Boethius,  408. 

Epitaph  on  Earl  of  Stirhng,  449. 
Graves  (James)  on  American-German  English,  246. 

Comet  of  December,  1680,  269. 

Device  on  ecclesiastical  seals,  89. 

Dunton's  Summer  Ramble,  132. 

Henry  IV.'s  nurse,  130. 

•Tumping  dance,  512. 

Missing  records,  169. 

Munich  tune,  514. 

Ormonde  arms  on  Rochford  church  tower,  497. 

Pisayn  explained,  255. 

Strabo  on  Ireland,  159. 
Great  men,  their  last  words,  105.  192. 
Greaves  (C.  S.)  on  bell  inscriptions,  438. 

Partridges  scented  by  dogs,  435. 
Greek  and  English  New  Testament,  1715-18,  171, 
Greek  cross,  190.  257.  498. 
Greek  dentists,  178. 
Greenhill  (Mrs.),  her  large  family,  39. 


INDEX. 


533 


Grenville  Papers,  correction  of,  7. 

Greyhound,  the  silver,  badge  of  the  king's  messenger, 

19. 
Griffiths  (Dr.),  his  review  of  "  Memoirs  of  a  Woman  of 

Pleasure,"  351.  376,  377.  458. 
Grose  (Francis),  a  military  officer,  464. 
Groves  (Edw.),  his  "  Irish  Historical  Library,"  411. 
Growse  (F.  S.)  on  arms  in  Bildestone  church,  450. 

Monumental  brasses,  425. 
Griindoijnerstag,  or  Manndy  Thursday,  193. 
Guano  as  a  manure,  99.  157.  194. 
Gunner  (W.  H.)  on  "  Carmina  Quadragesimalia,"  197. 
312.  435. 
Epitaphs  at  Winchester,  195.  319. 
Gustavus  Adolphus'  letter  on  behalf  of  Patrick  Ruthven, 

101.261. 
Gwinne  (Dr.  Matthew),  his  works,  189.  259. 
Gwynn  (Mrs.),  noticed,  330.  377. 
Gypsies,  and  their  name,  Eomees,  143.  193. 
Gypsum  as  a  manure,  99. 


H. 


Hackwood  (R.  W.)  on  oldest  Australian  colonist,  307. 

Concert  for  horses,  26. 

Corsican  brothers,  N.  &  A.  Tremaine,  10. 

Dancing  on  an  husband's  grave,  146. 

Death  at  will,  147. 

Figure  of  the  horse  in  hier(^lyphics,  87. 

Hobson's  choice,  57. 

Isle  of  Man,  origin  of  name,  20. 

Leather  of  human  skin,  68. 

Letters  of  the  alphabet  in  four  languages,  208. 

Oysters,  large,  247. 

Poetical  will,  386. 

Solicitors,  temp.  Charles  L,_385. 

Song  on  the  Income  Tax,  57. 

Spontaneous  plants,  117. 

Whistle  tankards,  247. 

Winds  in  different  countries,  370. 

Women's  entrances  in  churches,  168. 
Haddon  Hall,  its  present  state,  65. 
H.  (A.  G.)  on  St.  Tudno,  230. 
Hale  House,  Old  Brompton,  208.  291.  396. 
Halifax  (Lord)  and  Mrs.  Catherine  Barton,   161.  265. 

390. 
Hall  (John),  "  Observations  in  Desperate  Diseases,"  334. 
Hall  (Spencer)  on  lines  on  Warburton,  96. 
Hamburgh  gold  mark,  411. 
Hamilton  (Capt.)  alias  Morgan  O'Doherty,  58. 
Hamilton  (Emma)  and  Dr.  Graham,  233.  278.  3L6. 
Hampshire  topography,  328. 
Hanbury  (Benj.)  on  Eaton's  Sermon,  93. 

Systems  of  Short-hand,  393. 
Handel's  musical  library,  498. 
Handel  out  of  tune!  85. 
Hardwick  Hall,  its  present  state,  65. 
Hare  in  representations  of  the  Last  Supper,  490. 
Harington  (E.  C.)  on  Cranmer's  recantation,  268. 
Harp  in  the  arms  of  Ireland,  13. 
Harrison  (J.  H.)  on  Eubens'  Judgment  of  Pains,  275. 
Harrison  (Robert)  on  Haydon's  notes  on  Waterloo,  166. 
Harrod  (Henry)  on  hops,  392. 
Hart  (Wm.  Henry)  on  Brute  Chronicles,,  128. 

Gates  (Dr.  Titus),  his  petitions,  281. 


Harvey  (J.  B.)  on  punishment  for  refusing  to  plead,  94. 

Hustings,  its  climate,  149.  296. 

Haughmond  on  Alpaca  introduced  into  England,  167. 

Hawadji  on  temple  at  Baalbec,  49. 

Hawkins  (Edw.)  on  book  of  caricatures,  413. 

Medal  of  Charles  I.,  59. 
Haydon  (B.  R.),  notes  on  battle  of  Waterloo,  166. 
Hayes  (Geo.)  on  Greek  dentists,  178. 
Hayle,  Cornwall,  ancient  stone  at,  351. 
Hayne,  a  local  termination,  49.  78.  156. 
Hayward  (Sir  John),  parentage,  450. 
H.  (C.)  on  Tothill  pedigree,  437. 
H.  (D.  D.)  on  epitaph  at  Abinger,  306. 
Heat  in  the  summer  of  1856,  131.  180.  238. 
Heber  (Richard),  portrait,  387. 
Hebrew  Scriptures,  authorised  versions,  429.  474. 
H.  (E.  C.)  on  English  words  ending  in  -il,  46.  178. 

Interchange  of  a  and  i,  457. 
Hedges  (John),  his  poetical  will,  303. 
Hemingston,  singular  tenure  at,  509. 
Henderson  (John),  noticed,  408.  458. 
Hendriks    (F.)  on   Mercator  and   the   pound    and   mil 
scheme,  71. 

Mortuaries,  290. 
Hengist  and  Horsa,  76. 

Henley  (John),  letter  to  Sir  Robert  Walpolc,  443. 
Henley  on  Thames,  works  on,  18.  138. 
Henry  IV.,  his  nurse,  130. 
Henry  IV.'s  oath,  "  Ventre  St.  Gris,"  382,  476. 
Heraldic  queries,  249.  293. 
Heralds'  visitations  printed,  412. 
Herbert  on  Sir  Richard  Baker's  Chronicle,  509. 
Herbert  family,  168. 

Herbert  (Geo.),  letter  to  Bp.  Andrewes,  350;  5  his  sine- 
cure, 450. 
Hermit  of  Hampstead  on  "  Candide,"  and  the  Quarterly 
Review,  349. 

Forensic  wit,  238. 

"  Lives  of  Eminent  Lawyers,"  513. 
Hermits,  ornamental,  119. 
Hereford  cathedral,  Leeming's  picture  at,  277. 
Hertfordshire  kindness,  270. 
Hervagault,  the  pretended  dauphii\  85. 
Heywood  (John)  on  taverns  in  1608,  491. 
H.  (F.  C.)  on  ague  cure,  326. 

Black  lettei-  writing,  19. 

Blood  which  will  not  wash  out,  97 

Bni-ning  of  books,  77. 

Common-place  books,  38. 

Dogs,  how  to  frighten,  337. 

Doily,  a  small  cloth,  387. 

Dream  testimony,  515. 

Duke  of  Fitz-James,  296. 

Fish  being  tamed,  296. 

Huddlestone  (John),  458. 

Illustrations  of  the  Simplon,  336.  419. 

Inscription  on  door  of  Dinton  Church,  238. 

"  Instructions  for  Lent,"  its  autlior,  399. 

John  of  Jerusalem  Order,  19. 

Leaning  towers,  456. 

Lima  council,  119. 

Marriage  first  solemnised  in  churches,  459. 

Martin  the  French  peasant  prophet,  58. 

Olovensis  bishopric,  139. 

"  Pence  a  piece,"  1 18. 

Proverb  :  "  Cum  Romas  fuerit/^&c,  178. 


534 


INDEX. 


H.  (F.  C.)  on  Rogue's  March,  191. 

St.  Peter  with  a  closed  book,  319.  399. 
St.  Peter's  tribe,  338. 
Singular  plant,  173. 
Symbols  of  saints,  339.  419. 

Ten  Commandments  in  the  Roman  Catechisms,  116. 
Trafalgar,  note  on  Nelson's  death,  384. 
Weather  sayings,  516. 
Whitsunday,  77. 

Wolfe  (Rev.  C).  words  to  the  air  "  Gramachree," 
327. 
H.  (G.)  on  almshouses  recently  founded,  189. 
Hieroglyphic  Bible,  89. 

Hill  (Cooper)  on  arms  in  Severn  Stoke  church,  159. 
Gamage  family,  135. 
Welsh  custom,  159. 
Hillier,  or  Hellyer  family,  359. 
H.  (J.  C.)  on  St.  Michael's  Order  in  France,  420. 
H.  (J.  H.)  on  the  music  of  Les  Cannagnolles,  269. 
H.  (J.  R.)  on  the  ducking-stool,  38. 
Hobson's  choice,  57. 

Hodgins  (Thomas)  on  the  name  of  Canada,  428. 
Hoe,  local  name,  explained,  56. 

Hogarth  (Wm.),  his  "  Country-Inn  Yard,"  387. ;  crest, 
249. ;  family  pedigree,  149.  198.  ;  house  and  tomb, 
406. ;  painting  of"  Folly,"  110. 
Holland  (Rev.  Henry),  prays  for  the  Earl  of  Essex,  61. 
Holly,  an  indigenous  English  evergreen,  56. 113.158.215. 
Hollybushe  (John),  his  Works,  30. 
Holmes  (G.  K.)  on  Nicholas  Byfield,  338. 
.  Honeycomb  (Will)  and  "  Memoirs  of  a  Woman  of  Plea- 
sure," 351.  376.  418. 
Hood  (Dr.  Thomas),  mathematician,  10. 
Hoops  ver.  Crinoline,  426. 
Hopper  (CI.)  on  Sir  Edward  Andros,  209. 

Bacon  (Lord)  and  Shakspeare's  Plays,  267. 
Gwyn  (Nell),  330. 
Marriage  custom  in  Wales,  207. 
Mountagu  (Sidney),  211. 

Pancras  (St.),  loyalty  of  the  parish  in  1649,  287. 
Picture  cleaning,  464. 
Shakspeare  and  Sir  John  Falstaff,  369. 
Hops  first  cultivated  in  England,  243. 276.  314. 335.  391. 
Horace  on  architecture,  151. 
Horace,  the  Lyric  Works  of,  its  author,  490. 
Horbling,  Lincoln,  church  furniture  temp.  Elizabeth,  185. 
Horse  in  hieroglyphics,  87.  235. 
Horse-chesnut  and  chesnut  horse,  370.  517. 
"  Horse- godmother,"  origin  of  the  name,  410.  499. 
Horse-talk,  its  different  terms,  57.  337^  478. 
Horses,  concert  for,  26. 
Horwood  (John),  his  body  dissected,  251. 
Hospital  out-patients,  69.  156.  378. 
Hotham  (Charles),  Fellow  of  Peterhouse,  10.  100.  278. 
Hour-glass  in  pulpits,  339. 
Howard  (Frank)  on  musical  notation,  294. 
Howland  family,  297. 
H.  (P.)  on  William  IIL  and  De  Witts,  6. 
H.  (P.  R.)  on  rose-leaves  used  for  black  beads,  387. 
H.  (R.)'on  alpaca,  319. 
Organ  tuning,  516. 
Singular  plant,  236. 
Smith's  History  of  Keriy,  27. 
Street  nomenclature,  518. 
H.  (S.)  on  Rufus,  or  the  Red  King,  358. 
H.  (T.)  on  check,  or  cheque,  191. 


H.  (T.)  on  "  Nulla  fides  regni  sociis,"  191. 

Rustigen  on  mill  wheels  and  magnetism,  269. 
Huddleston  (John),  Roman  Catholic  priest,  57.  395.  458. 
Hughes  (T.)  on  extraordinary  births,  307. 

Culme  family  of  Devonshire,  377. 

King's  school,  Chester,  249. 

Portraits  wanted,  387. 
Hulse  (John),  portrait,  387. 

Human  skin  tanned,  68.  119.  157.  250.  299.  419. 
Humilis  on  brewer's  will,  249. 

Hundredth  tune,  the  old,  its  composer,  34.  70.  316.  354. 
Hunter  (George  M.),  noticed,  171. 
Husband  (John)  on  bottles  filled  by  the  sea,  220. 
Husbands  authorised  to  beat  their  wives,  108.  219.  297. 

359.  478. 
H.  (X.)  on  "  Adding  sunshine  to  daylight,"  89. 

Irish  round  towers,  79. 

Lines  quoted  by  Sir  Robert  Peel,  75. 

Quotation  :  "  Think  of  me,"  109. 


I. 


Ibbetson  (Julius  Cjcsar),  artist,  172. 

Ideational,  a  new  word,  464. 

Ightham church.  Lady  Selby's  monument,  248.  314.  4 ] 5. 

Ignatius  on  "  Suiceri  Thesaurus,"  507. 

-11,  pronunciation  of  words  ending  in,  46. 119. 178.  277. 

287. 
Imp,  used  for  progeny,  238.  459. 
Impey  (Sir  Elijah),  noticed,  355. 
Ina  on  Jesse  altar  in  St.  Cuthbert's,  Wells,  485. 

Memorials  of  the  civil  wars,  185. 

Prince  of  Orange's  circular,  125. 

Wells  cathedral  east  window,  476. 
Index,  a  General  Literary  one  suggested,  22.  141.  445. 
Index,  motto  for  one,  357.  476. 
Indian  war  medal,  508. 

Ingleby  (C.  Mansfield)  on  adulteration  of  food  in  Shak- 
speare's day,  283. 

Agricultural  suicides,  129. 

Aristotle's  Organon,  English  translation,  12. 

Behmen  (Jacob)  and  Sir  Isaac  Newton,  38. 

Cheque,  or  check,  459. 

Comet  of  1680,  316. 

Dream  testimony,  458. 

Extraordinaiy  births,  226. 

Falstars  death,  283. 

Hamlet  readings,  206. 

"  Horse-meat  and  man's-meat,"  209. 

Maws  of  kites,  372. 

«  Mortal  coil,"  207.  368. 

Premature  interments,  159. 

Raphael  as  a  phoenix,  146. 

Reason  and  understanding,  255. 

Shelley's  poems,  388. 
Ingledew  (C.  J.  D.)  on  Dr.  Palliser,  373. 
Inglis  (Bp.  Charles),  certificate  relating  to  Dr.  Walker's 

niece,  461. 
Inglis  (R.)  on  J.  N.  Barker,  430. 

Bellamy  (Daniel),  507. 

Black  Prince,  a  tragedy,  491. 

Dr.  Arne's  Oratorio,  490. 

Fitzgerald  (Preston),  429. 

General  Review,  491. 

"Innocents,"  by  Mrs.  Caulfield,  438. 


INDEX. 


■535 


Inglis  (R.)  on  Ivar,  a  tragedy,  508. 

Lyric  Works  of  Horace,  490. 

"  Olden  Times,"  430. 

Poetical  Works  of  Moschus,  449. 

"  Romance  of  the  Pyrenees,"  459. 

Terence's  Adrian,  its  translator,  466. 

Trafalgar,  or  the  Sailors'  Play,  489. 

"  Unknown,"  by  Rev.  Dr.  Vardell,  437. 
Initials  and  finals,  dictionary  of,  287. 
Inn  signs,  299. 
Inquirer  on  gold  at  Hamburgh,  411. 

Hebrew  Scriptures,  authorised  version,  429. 
Inquirer,  Charkston,  on  bishops'  aprons,  411. 

Inscriptions :  — 

Atchievement  of  a  lady  at  Stanmore,  26. 

Bell,  299.  348.  438. 

Door,  238. 

Font,  307. 

Houses,  26.  283. 

Sun-dials,  299.  464. 

Watch,  109.  291. 

Interchange  of  a  and  i,  339.  378.  457.  513. 

Interments,  premature,  103.  159.  232.  278.  358. 

Investigator  on  M'Turk  and  Williams  families,  149. 

Ireland,  The  Distribution  Books  missing,  169. 

Ireton  (Henry),  his  burial-place,  289. 

Irish  benefices,  their  value,  &c.,  469. 

Irish  Celts,  54. 

Irish  Church,  anno  1695,  11. 

Irish  high  sheriffs,  508. 

Irish  Lords  Justices,  1693—95,  12. 

Irish  Prayer-book,  Service  for  Oct.  23rd,  88. 

Irish  round  towers,  44.  79.  155. 

Irish  sailors  from  Tunis,  54. 

Irish  tithes,  89. 

Isdell  (Sarah),  noticed,  288.  356. 

Its,  as  a  provincialism,  139. 


J.  on  Voltaire's  "  Candide,"  229. 

J.  de  W.  on  silver  greyhound  badge,  19. 

Jacket  (Wm.),  his  poetical  will,  303. 

Jackson  (J.  C.)  on  Greek  cross,  257. 

Jacobite  song :  "  When  Jemmy  comes  o'er,"  430. 

Jacob's  post,  corner  of  Ditchling  Common,  216.  296. 

James  I.,  letter  to  Sh.akspeare,  369. 

James  II.'s  proclamation  of  pardon,  284. 

Jasper  on  the  word  "  Jolly,"  326. 

Jaytee  on  armorial  bearings  in  Leicestershire,  430. 

Drawings  in  the  Vatican,  350. 
J.  (C.)  on  Gelsthrop  arms,  377. 

Justice  (Henry),  514. 

Rand,  a  local  name,  97.  237. 

Rawson  pedigree,  96. 

Swang,  wong,  wang,  79. 
J.  (E.)  on  Pagan  philosopher :  Sir  Simon  League,  &c., 
150. 

Rose  of  Jericho,  296. 
Jebb  (Bishop),  "  Practical  Theology,"  68.  205. 
Jebb  (John)  on  dismissal  of  non-communicants  and  suf- 
frages in  Litany,  205. 
Jeffryes  (Judge),  his  unpublished  letter,  25. 


Jennens  or  Jennings  family,  co.  Warwick  and  Berl.s, 

466. 
Jericho:  "  Gone  to  Jericho,"  its  origin,  330.  395. 
Jersey,  heraldry  of,  450. 

Jesse  altar  in  St.  Cuthbert's  church,  Wells,  485. 
Jesse  (John  Heneage),  lines  on  Richmond  Park,  346. 
Jessopp  (Judge),  249.  294. 

Jesuits:  "  Imago  Primi  saeculi  Societatis  Jesu,"  191. 
Jeu  d'esprit  by  T.  Erskine,  348. 
Jewish  persuasion,  78. 

Jewitt  (Llewellynn)  on  poem  on  a  mummy,  137. 
Jews'  bread,  47. 
J.  (G.  W.)  on  Ethergingis,  its  meaning,  289. 

Hop  pules,  315. 

John  HoUybushe,  30. 

Jack  West,  or  stye  in  the  eye,  289. 
J.  (H.)  on  Haddon  Hall,  65. 

Holly  as  an  evergreen,  56. 

Illustration  of  the  Simplon,  211. 
J.  (J.)  on  device  and  motto,  130. 
J.  (J.  C.)  on  biblical  epitomes,  496. 

Canticle  substituted  for  Te  Deum,  370. 

Chinese  inscriptions  in  Egypt,  498. 

Coin  imitations,  465. 

Crivellus  (J.  F.),  painter,  88. 

Gentleman's  library  in  olden  time,  386. 

Job,  MS.  Commentary  on,  491. 

"  Katho  de  omni  Cecitate,"  its  printer,  491. 

Liturgical  queries,  474. 

Old  Hundredth  tune,  35. 

"  Sleep  the  friend  of  woe,"  59. 

Stencilled  books,  47. 

York  service  books,  37. 
J.  (J.  E.)  on  Port  Jackson,  1 78. 
J.  (K.)  on  Brown's  "  London  Directory,"  308. 
J.  (M.  S.)  on  the  fifth  crusade,  149. 
Joan,  daughter  of  King  Juhn,  inscription  on  her  coffin, 

460. 
Job,  MS.  Commentary  on,  491. 
Job  on  spiders'  webs,  517. 
Joculator  of  William  I.,  111. 
John  de  C.  on  Mordecai  Abbot,  Esq.,  411. 
John  of  Jerusalem  order,  19.  137. 
Johnian  on  royal  privileges  at  universities,  270. 
Johnson  (Dr.  Samuel),  allusion  to  philosophers,  431. 
Jokes,  old  ones  modernised,  476. 
Jolly,  origin  of  the  word,  326. 
Jones  (Evans)  on  Aristotle's  Organon,  139. 
Jones  (John)  of  Marlborough,  his  large  family,  39. 
Jonson    (Christopher),    Head    Master    of    Wincllc^tcr 

School,  196.  319. 
Jourdan  (Marshal),  his  balloons,  307. 
Journals  and  Reviews,  foreign,  348. 
J.  (R.)  on  Antiquity,  a  farce,  67. 

Alfred,  or  the  Magic  of  Nature,  87. 

Antonio  Foscarini,  109. 

Blister,  or  a  Little  Piece  to  Draw,  307. 

Confusion,  or  tiie  Wag,  352. 

Cooper  (Wm.),  B.  A.,  307., 

De  Rayo,  or  the  Haunted  Priory,  148. 

Don  Juan,  Continuation  of,  229. 

Dunlop  (William),  129. 

Earl  Harold,  171. 

Edinburgh  plays,  11. 

Essay  on  Oxford  Tracts,  269. 

Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  49. 


53G 


INDEX. 


J.  (E.)  on  Gisela,  a  tragedy,  269. 

Hook  well  (Doctor),  231. 

Hunter  (George  M.),  171. 

Ingrate's  Gift,  269. 

Isdell  (Sarah),  288. 

Jokebj,  a  burlesque  on  Rokebj,  49. 

Lindsay  (David),  87. 

Morrison  (David),  68. 

Newby  (Peter),  289. 

Parliamentary  Debate,  229. 

Philistines,  or  the  Scotch  Tocsin  Sounded,  49. 

Prometheus  Britaniiicus,  229. 

Pursey's  De  Morton,  330. 

Racine's  Athaliah  and  Esther,  351. 

Kufus,  or  the  Red  King,  269. 

Sisters'  Tragedy,  1 29. 

Stanley  (Edw.),  author  of  "  Elmira,"  49. 

Steele  (Archibald),  68. 

Stringer  (James),  1 09. 

Verral  (Charles),  109. 

Whitehead  (Dr.  J.  C),  372. 

Wife,  or  Women  as  they  Are,  289. 

Woolgatherer,  410. 
J.  (T.)  on  Marquis  de  Bonac,  352. 

JIayor  of  Norwich's  feast,  384. 
Judaism,  modern,  148. 198.  278. 
Jumbols,  receipt  for,  262.  419. 
Jumping  dance  of  Echternach,  188.  512. 
Junius's  Letters,  their  men'ts,  163. 

Francis  (Sir  Philip),  claimant,  164. 

Wray  (Daniel),  claimant,  164.  212. 
Juries  laying  their  heads  together,  265. 
Justice  (Henry)  of  Trinity   College,   Cambridge,  413. 

514. 
Jnverna  on  Colman's  preface  to  the  "  Iron  Chesl,"  70. 

Cow  and  snuffers,  20. 

Credence  table,  75. 

Foreign  English,  238. 

Lille,  its  siege,  157. 

Morning  dreams,  77. 

Patrick  O'Kelly,  158. 

Songs  on  Tobacco,  95. 

Special  services  in  Common  Prayer,  88. 

"  Think  of  me,"  219. 
J.  (Y.  B.  N.)  on  Wm.  Cowper,  bishop  of  Galloway,  298. 

Entitled,  or  Intituled,  288. 

Epitaph  on  a  bastard  child,  506. 

Ordinary  of  Newgate,  290. 

Symbols  of  sainti^,  288. 

Warlon's  History  of  English  Poetry,  287. 


K. 


K.  on  the  meaning  of  "  unkempt,"  506. 
Kalends  at  Bromyard,  110.  236.  276.  419.  494. 
Kappa  on  twenty-four  shares,  338. 
Karl  onN.  Bvfield,  211. 

Heat  in'l856,  131. 

Merthyr  Tydvil,  110. 
"Kathd  de  omni  Cecitate  Hominis,"  its  printer,  491. 
Kean  (Edmund),  actor,  his  parentage,  413. 
Keay,  the  timber  measurer,  210. 
K.  (E.  H.)  on  yi'llow  for  mourning,  452. 
Keighiley  (Thos.)  on  etymologies,  144.  424. 

Merry  England,  3. 


Kemble  (John  M.)  on  Anglo-Saxon  charters,  401. 

Lines  on  the  Sybil,  473. 
Kempis  (Thomas  k),  "  De  Imitatione,"  179. 
Kemys  family,  249.  416. 
Ken  (Bp.),  his  Morning  and  Evening  Hymns  in  Common 

Prayer-book,  309.  474. 
Kennett  (Bp.),  correspondence  with  Curll,  441. 
Kensington  (Henry)  on  artificers'  times  of  work,  267. 

Advoyding  of  capitaines,  287. 

Blood  that  will  not  wash  out,  334. 

Cambridge  clods,  170. 

"  Dyologues  of  Creatures  Moralyzed,"  150. 

General  Epistles,  why  so  called,  209. 

London  alderman  fined  50Z.,  349. 

Norden's  SinfuU  Man's  Solace,  466. 

Palavacini  (Sir  Horatio),  13. 

Revival  after  execution,  73. 

Shere  Thursday,  216. 

Tailor  reduced  to  zero,  146. 

Testons,  proclamation  respecting,  383. 

Twelve  sixes  of  man's  life,  486. 

Whitsunday:  Pilate,  154. 
Kentigern  (St.),  legend  of  the  lost  ring,  13.  92. 
Kenton  bell  inscriptions,  348. 
Ketch  (Jack),  his  apology  for  the  execution  of  Lord 

Russell,  5. 
K.  (H.  C.)  on  Hamlet,  Act  L  Sc.  3,  283. 
K.  (H.  L.)  on  grace  cups,  31. 
K.  (H.  S.)  on  "  Nero  Vindicated,"  373. 
Kids,  or  faggots  of  firewood,  409. 
Kilian  (Cornelius),  noticed,  151. 
King's  salute  to  his  ministers,  190. 
Kingsley  (E.  H.)  on  amphibious  animal,  409. 
Kit-Cat  Club,  origin  of  name,  50.;  portraits  of  its  mem- 
bers, 451. 
Kites,  maws  of,  372.  456. 
K.  (J.  R.)  on  bell  gable  for  three  bells,  467. 
K.  (M.  E.  M.)  on  bishops  of  Galloway,  211. 
Knaggs  (Rev.  Thomas),  lecturer  of  St.  Giles's,  70. 
Kneller  (Sir  Godfrey),  portraits  of  the  Kit-Cat  Club, 

451.;  portrait  of  Shakspeare,  45.  79. 
Knight's  (Charles)  Cyclopa;dia  of  Biography,  its  errors, 

65. 
Knowles  (James)  on  Sir  Edward  Baesh,  189. 

Cope  (Sir  John),  68. 

Duncombe  (John),  his  legal  office,  173.  217. 

G Wynne  (Dr.  Matthew),  189. 

Lille,  its  siege,  89. 

Papering  rooms,  7. 

Poniatowski  gems,  19. 

Spencer  (Hon.  John),  50. 

Viner's  Abridgment,  85. 
Knox  (John),  prophecy  of  the  French  kings,  159.  439. 
Kotzebue's  "  Confusion,  or  the  Wag,"  translator,  352. 
K.  (W.  B.)  on  "  ideational,"  a  new  word,  464. 


L.  on  Calends,  494. 

European  history  known  to  barbarous  nations,  146. 

Goose,  its  watchfulness,  134. 

Hertfordshire  kindness,  270. 

Junius's  Letters,  1 63. 

Kalends,  276. 

Pence  a  piece,  299. 


INDEX 


537 


L.  on  "  Quicquid  aga3,  prudenter  agas,"  &c.,  269. 

Scipio's  shield,  514. 

"  To  call  a  spade  a  spade,"  120. 

"  To  cry  mapsticks,"  269.  472. 
A.  on  "  Bath  Characters,"  172. 

Dissection  of  murderers,  64. 

Dicky  Dickason  of  Scarborough  Spa,  189. 

London  watchmakers  of  former  times,  308. 

Poetry  in  Richmond  Park,  346. 

William  the  Conqueror's  joculator,  111. 
A.  on  Kalends,  236. 

Larking,  paper-maker,  37. 
L.*  (A.)  on  article  on  Warbnrton  in  the  "  Quartaly," 

373. 
Ladies,  instances  of  their  private  devotions,  425. 
Ladies,  their  exportation  recommended,  326. 
"  Ladies  Cabinet  Opened,"  333. 
Lahl  (Eralc)  on  husbands  beating  their  wives,  219. 
Lamb  (Charles),  bis  album  verses,  285.^ 
Lancaster  Duchy  Court,  210. 
Lancastriensis  on  Bath  Cliaractors,  295. 

Bradshaw  of  Darcy  Lever,  294. 

Heraldic  query,  294. 

Monastic  libraries,  297. 

Sandys'  Ovid,  294. 
Langhorne  family,  149. 
Langlard's  georama,  172. 
"  Largesse,"  its  modern  use,  356. 
Larking  (J.),  his  paper- mark,  37. 
Latimer  (Bishop),  his  pedigree,  449. 
Latin,  English  pronunciation  of,  336. 
Latin  "  ve  "  and  the  Scotch  "  wee,"  465. 
Lauragnois  (Due  de),  story  of  his  wife,  516. 
Laureates,  a  lesson  for,  487. 
Laurence  (Brother),  his  Letters,  489. 
Lawrence's  (St.)  church.  Beading,  411. 
Layman's  (The  Poor)  Resolution  in  difficult  times,  184. 
L.  (C.  D.)  on  Superstition  about  human  hair,  277. 

Standing  in  another's  shoes,  187. 

Tobacco  used  in  Central  America,  124. 

Turnei-'s  architectural  backgrounds,  187. 
L.  (C.  W.)  on  house  inscriptions,  238. 

Marriage  licence  in  1265,  209. 
L.  (E.)  on  Dr.  Malachi  Thruston,  190. 
Lea  (Avon)  on  fairies,  83. 

Stag-beetle,  83.  ^ 

Leachman  (John),  his  death,  255. 
Lead  (Jane)  and  Swedenborg,  470. 
League  (Sir  Simon),  its  author,  150.  416. 
Leather  of  human  skin,  68.  119.  157.  250.  299.  419. 
"  Lechery,"  its  derivation,  4. 
Leckerstone,  its  meaning,  247.  290.  418. 
Lee  (Alfred  T.)  on  bell-founders  in  1722,  467. 

Commission  of  public  preaclwrs,  373. 

Estcourt  (Sir  Wm.),  killed  in  a  duel,  372. 

Fast  in  the  year  1640,  331. 

Redchenister  in  Domesday,  353. 

Worcester  diocese,  its  ancient  boundary,  353. 
Leeming's  picture  at  Hereford  Cathedral,  277. 
Lees  family  of  Alt  Hill,  37. 
Leland  (John),  his  "  Commentaries,"  237. 
Leo  (F.  A.)  on  passage  in  "  All's  Well  that  Ends  Wdl," 

45. 
Lepell's  regiment,  416. 
Letter  writers  by  profession,  487. 
Letters  clandestinely  opened  in  last  century,  47.  459. 


Letters  of  tlie  alphabet,  their  proportionate  use  in  four 

languages,  208. 
Leverets  with  a  white  star,  59. 
L.  (G.)  on  Ireton's  burial-place,  289. 
Libraries  claiming  books  by  Copyright  Act,  332. 
Library  of  a  gentleman  in  olden  time,  386. 
Liddell  (George),  Scottish  poet,  13L 
Lightning  conductors  to  ships,  87. 
Lille,  siege  of  in  1708,  89.  157. 
Lillibridge  (Gardner  R.),  noticed,  177. 
Lima  council,  119. 
Limner  (Luke)  on  book  vai-nitsh,  155. 
Limus  Lutum  on  proportion  of  sexes,  316. 
Lincoln's  Inn  Fields,  its  entrances,  428. 
Lindfield  nunnery,  410. 
Lindsay  (David),  dramatic  writer,  87. 
Lingard  (Richard),  his  will,  104.  175. 
Litany  suffrages,  171.  205. 
Literary  and  military  pursuits,  463. 
Literary  Index,  General  one  suggested,  22.  141.  303. 
Littell  (E.)  on  G.  R.  Lillibridge,  177. 
Little  Burgundy,  in  Southwark,  86. 
Liturgies  of  the  Foreign  Reformed  Churclies,  67. 
Live-stock,  popular  names  of,  38. 
L.  (J.  D.)  on  Chattertou's  portrait,  231. 
L.  (J.  H.)  on  Mr.  Bathurst's  disappearance,  1 37. 

Fish  tamed,  297. 

Husbands  authorised  to  beat  their  wives,  297. 

Noble  cook,  137. 
L.  (L.  B.)  on  Thomas  a  Becket's  sister,  -386. 

Coke  (Sir  Edward),  58. 

Country  party  and  a  standing  army,  82. 

Hops  in  England  in  1464,  276.  335. 

Oxford  squib,  lOJ. 

Selby  (Lady),  her  monument,  415.  475. 
Llewellyn  Voelgrun,  his  ai"ms,  490. 
Lloyd  family  arms,  331. 
Lloyd  (Geo.)  on  blood  royal,  507. 

Cuckoo  in  different  languages,  517. 

"  Like  Madame  Hassel's  feast,"  339. 

Memorials  of  former  greatness,  460. 
L.  (M.)  on  Both  well's  last  place  of  confinement,  219. 

Engraved  foreign  portraits,  210. 
Locke  (John)  and  freemasonry,  429.;  "Essay   on  the 

Human  Understanding,"  407. 
Locks  of  the  Egyptians,  147. 
Lofer,  origin  of  the  word,  448. 
Lollard,  its  derivation,  329.  459. . 
Londinenses  Qaisquilinse  Literarije,  104. 
London  Mayor  in  1335,  213.  258.  293.  438. 
Long  (Mrs.  Ann),  Dean  Swift's  letter  on  her  death,  182. 

256. 
Longevity,  remarkable  cases,  37.  258.  483. 
Lotzky  (Dr.  J.)  on  Amalfitan  table,  307. 

America,  its  name  faulty,  306. 

"  Antiquitds  du  Bosphore  Ciramerien,"  47. 

Bonaparte  family,  26-6. 

Burning  of  books,  19. 

Canina  (Luigi),  his  death,  370. 

Conflagration  of  books,  287. 

Crystal  Palace  and  the  Templars,  25. 

Gaps  in  English  history,  170. 

Hoe,  a  local  name,  56. 

Letter  opening  in  last  century,  47. 

Prophecy  of  a  new  era,  8. 
Quisquilinaj  Literariaj  Londinenses,  104. 


538 


INDEX. 


Lotzky  (Dr.  J.)  on  resuscitation  of  the  dead,  248. 

Signor,  Mr,,  and  Herr,  227. 

Typography,  its  decline,  287. 

Vilmars  diabology,  268. 

War  of  Sing  (China)  independence,  327. 
Lower  (Mark  Antony)  on  double  Christian  names,  299. 

Duchess  of  Fitz- James,  210. 

Kalends  or  Calends  at  Bromyard,  419. 

Ordinaries  of  arms,  293. 
L.  (R.  F.)  on  en-ors  in  the  English  Mint,  465. 

Railway  custom,  83. 
L.  (R.  0.)  on  Pope's  Rape  of  the  Lock,  181. 
L.  (T.  P.)  on  Cromwell  portraits,  408. 
L.  (W.  G)  on  curious  anagram,  187. 

Commentarie  on  Proverbs,  132. 

Masvicius'  Virgil,  379. 

"  Remedy  against  Superstition,"  132. 

Simmons  (Rev.  Mr.),  131. 
LX.  on  Doleman,  98. 

11. 

M.  on  Edinburgh  Review,  the  first,  227. 

Fact  or  allegory,  228. 

Greek  and  English  New  Testameiit,  1715-18,  171. 

Greek  and  Queen  Elizabeth,  29. 

Leland's  Commeutarii,  237. 

Organ  tuning,  190. 

"  Rights  of  Boys  and  Girls,"  210. 

Shenstone's  epitaph,  quotation  in,  209. 

Sutile  pictures,  386. 

Tune  the  Cow  died  of,  39. 
/i.  on  popular  amusements  in  1683,  286. 

Diocese,  or  diocess,  269. 

Order  of  St.  Michael,  514. 

"  Pedestrian  Tour  through  England,"  269. 
M.  (3.)  on  Walter  Carey,  372. 
M.  (A.)  Greenock,  on  Porterfields  of  Porterfield,  465. 

Races  by  naked  men,  439. 
M.  A.  Oxon,  on  Masters  of  Arts  ranking  as  esquires, 
68. 

Premature  interments,  1 59. 
iL  (A.  C.)  on  bottles  filled  by  pressure  of  the  sea,  59. 

Enlightenment,  210. 

Weather  in  1856,  77. 

Macaulay  (T.  B.)  Illustrations  of  his  History  of 
England :  — 

Burnet  (Bp.),  letter  on  the  landing  of  the  Prince 

of  Orange,  244. 
Cavalier's  Complaint,  63. 
Counti-y  Party  and  a  standing  army,  82. 
Dutch  Guards'  farewell  to  England,  461. 
Jack  Ketch's  Apologie  for  executing  Lord  Russell,  5. 
Jacobite  song,  43. 

James  IL's  proclamation  of  pardon,  284. 
Jeifreys  (Judge),  unpublished  letter,  25. 
Namur,  odes  on  its  fall,  364. 
New  Oath  of   1689  examined,  and  found  guilty, 

183. 
Passive  Obedience,  epitaph  on,  143. 
Plotting  Levite,  164. 

Poor  Layman's  resolution  in  difficult  times,  184. 
Twysden  (Sir  Wm.),  his  speeches,  82. 
Walker    (Dr.  Geo.),    petition   of  his  grand-niece, 

461. 


Macaulay  (T.  B),  Illustrations  of  his  History  of 
England ;  ^ 

William  TIL  and  the  De  Witts,  6.  64.;  his  Circular 
to  the  Wells  burgesses,  125. 

MacCabe  (W.  B.)  on  Galilee,  or  nave,  119. 
MacCharles  (Charles)  on  Rustington  Church,  Sussex, 

310. 
MacCulloch  (Edgar)  on  heraldry  of  the  Channel  Is- 
lands, 319. 
Macray  (John)  on  Mr.  Bathurst's  disappearance,  95. 

Journal  des  D^bats,  &c.,  85. 
Macray  (W.D.)  on  Pendrell  family,  128. 
Madden  (Sir  Frederic)  on  Giitz  von  Berlichingen,  281. 

Roman  waxen  tablets,  forged,  5. 
Magdalensis  on  Dr.  Bloxam,  250. 

Dorothy  Selby's  epitaph,  248. 
Magpie,  Corvus  Pica,  lines  on,  372. 
Main  (Dr.),  lines  on  the  Glasgow  arms,  14.  92. 
Maitland  (Dr.  S.  R.)  and  Baron  von  Reichenbach,  243. 

Duke  the  poet,  4. 
Malakoff,  its  origin,  465. 
Malley  (0.)  on  pedigrees,  231. 
Malynes  (Gerard),  commercial  writer,  148. 
Man,  Isle  of,  origin  of  name,  20. 
Man's  life,  the  twelve  sixes  of,  486. 
Mankind  and  their  destroyers,  210.  280.  459.  475. 
Manley  (Mrs.),  her  ''  Atalantis,"  vol.  v.,  443.;  her  "  New 

Atalantis,"  265.  390. 
Manners  (George),  dramatist  and  poet,  156. 
]Manni  (M.),  premium  to  prevent  premature  interments, 

103. 
Hansel  (Sir  Robert),  noticed,  430.  499. 
Mansfield  (Sir  Robert),  his  fleet  in  1621,  430.  490. 
Manus  Christi,  a  syrup,  261. 
Mapsticks,  origin  of  the  word,  269.  315.  472. 
Marazion,  in  Cornwall,  origin  of  the  name,  432. 
Margaret's  (St.),  Westminster,  early  notice  of,  144. 
Marigold,  its  etymology,  144. 
Markham  (Wm.),  Abp.  of  York,  355. 
Maikland  (J.),  verses  on  Pope's  satire  on  Addison,  243. 
Markland  (J.  H.)  on  burial  without  coffins,  454. 
Mail,  a  m:<nure,  195. 
Marlborough,  library  at  St.  Mary's,  168. 
Marranys,  its  meaning,  492. 
Marremeiit,  its  derivation,  327.  391. 
Marriage  a  church  ceremony,  387.  459. 
Marriage  custom  in  Wales,  207. 
Marriage  licence  in  1265,  209. 
Harriot  the  great  eater,  6.  31. 
"  Harry,"  its  meaning  as  an  interjection,  70. 
Harshall  (Wm.)  on  stock  frost,  494. 
Marston-Moretaine  manor,  50. 
Martin,  the  French  peasant-prophet,  58. 
"  Martini  Perssei  Ocio  Libello  VI.,"  490. 
Martin-in-the-Fields  (St.),  a  royal  park,  144.;  why  so 

named,  492. 
Mary  I.,  his  surreptitious  heir,  288. 
Marylebone  free  library,  200. 
Hasters  of  Arts  ranking  as  esquires,  68. 
Matthews  (Wm.)  on  Cocker's  Arithmetic,  252. 
Maundy  Thursday  in  Germany,  193. 
Haxon  (F.  R.)  on  grain  crops,  88. 
Mayor  of  London  in  1335,  39.  213.  258.  293.  438.;  pa- 
geant in  1453,  167. 
Mayor's  feast  in  1561,  384.;  re-elected,  384.  477. 


INDEX. 


5Z0 


Major  (J.  E.  B.)  on  Durham  College,  475. 
Soldier  in  Coleridge's  Friend,  267. 
Strype's  Life  of  Parker,  266. 
M.  (C.)  on  epitaph  at  Ryde,  4.')7. 

Dialects  of  England  and  Scotland,  476. 
French  for  language,  427. 
Play  by  St.  Paul's  boys  at  Greenwich,  24. 
Widkirk  miracles,  106. 
M'C.  on  clans  of  Scotland,  431. 
M.  (C.  W.)  on  epitaph  on  a  bell-ringer,  8. 
M.  (D.)  on  curious  epigram,  66. 
M.  (E.)  on  germination  of  seeds  long  buried,  10. 

Henley-upon-Thames,  18.  138. 
Medal,  an  Indian  war,  508. 

Medal  of  Charles  I.  and  Henrietta  Maria,  29.  59.  120. 
Medical  practice  in  the  seventeenth  century,  261.  333. 
Medlars  indigenous  in  England,  173.  338. 
Melrose  Abbey,  its  present  state,  39. 
Memor.  on  genealogical  queries,  1 68. 
Jennens  or  Jennings  family,  466. 
Lindfield  nunnery,  410. 
Newton  family  of  Cheshire,  &c.,  508. 
Noyes  family,  478. 
White  of  Fittleford,  &c.,  450. 
Memorials  of  former  greatness,  99.  460. 
Menai  bridge,  263. 
Mendham   (Rev.  Joseph),  his  death  and  Works,  379. 

385. 
Mercator,  the  supposed  author  of  the  pound  and  mil 

scheme,  71.  112. 
Mercator  on  cast  of  Oliver  Cromwell,  97. 

Sun-dial  motto,  464. 
Merchant's  mark,  a  foreign  one,  409. 
Merrick  (James),  poet,  his  portrait,  229. 
Merritt  (T.  L.)  on  "  Peep   at   the  Wiltshire  Assizes," 
277. 
Stereoscopes,  292. 
"  Merry,"  its  derivation,  3.  219.  277. 
Merthyr  Tydvil,  its  early  history,  1 10. 
Meteors,  periodical,  106. 
Mewbum  (F.)  on  dialects  temp.  Queen  Elizabeth,  431. 

King's  salute  to  his  ministers,  190. 
Mice,  plague  of,  in  1581,  186. 
Michael,  the  name  of  a  box,  351. 
Michael  (St.),  history  of  the  Order  of,  229.  426".- 470. 

514. 
Michaelmas  goose  dinner,  426. 

Middle  Temple  Gate  on  the  Post  House,  Fleet  Street,  344. 
Middlemore  (J.)  on  Spanish  proverbs,  388. 

Voltaire's  "Candide,"  319. 
Middleton  (J.  M.)  on  the  meaning  of  coffer,  117. 

Lollard,  its  derivation,  459. 
Miland  (John)  on  running  footmen,  159. 
Milborne  Port,  its  wheel  and  seven  spokes,  111.  477. 
"  Miles,"  an  acrostic,  171. 
Miles  on  notes  on  regunents,  55.  214. 
Military  dinner  party,  127.  174. 
Milton  (.John)  Prose  Works  by  Symmons,  505. 
"  Minatrost,"  its  meaning,  49. 
Mincio,  a  river  of  Italy,  228.  295. 
Miniature  men  made  of  clay,  490. 
Mint,  errors  in  the  English,  465. 
Mist's  Journal  exposes  Curll,  421.  441. 
M.  (J.)  Oxford,  on  Dr.  Bray's  libraries,  109. 

Collins's  ode,  "  How  sleep  the  brave,"  489. 
M.  2.  (J.)  on  William  Clapperton,  17. 


M.  2.  (J.)  on  "  Present  for  an  Apprentice,"  11. 
M.  (J.  E.)  on  "  Eariy  Memoirs  of  Dr.  Johnson,"  109. 
M.  (J.  F.)  on  Rev.  Thomas  Crane,  233. 
Hogarth  family,  198. 
Modern  Judaism,  199. 
Record  queries,  210. 

Wyld's  globe  and  Langlard's  georama,  172. 
M,  (J.  H.)  on  Addison  and  his  hymns,  314. 
Great  events  from  small  causes,  153. 
Observations  of  saints'  days,  452. 
"  To  call  a  spade  a  spade,"  26. 
M.  (L.)  on  Irish  Church,  anno  1695,  11. 
Mn.  (J.)  on  form  of  penance  in  1720,  304. 
Molingaria  barony,  479. 
Mollerus's  Poems,  116. 
,   Monastic  libraries,  258.  297. 
MoncriefF  (John)  of  Tippermalluch,  his  receipts,  371. 
Money  enclosed  in  seals,  129.  178. 
Monmouth  (Duke  of),  his  mother's  ancestry,  308.  374. 
Jlonson  (Lord)  on  Monson  township,  Mass.,  10. 
Monson  township  in  Massachusetts,  10. 
Monteagle  (Lord),  author  of  the  Letter  to,  248.  314. 415. 

475. 
Montgomery  (Rev.  Robert),  parentage,  37.  78. 133. 
Monti  (Vincenzo),  poem,  "  The  Death  of  Basseville,"  12. 
Monumental  brasses,  425. 
Moody  (Heniy)  on  nine  churches  at  Chilcomb,  256. 

Clarence's  mysterious  death,  297. 
Moon's  influence,  popular  delusions  respecting,  484. 
Moon's  rotation,  208. 
Moor-Park  legend,  405. 

Moore  (E.)  on  Frencli  author  and  rabbinical  writer,  410; 
"  Moore  Worms  for  Mr.  Curil,"  343. 
More  (Sir  Thomas),  house  at  Chelsea,  324.  455. 
More  (Sir  Thomas),  sheriff  of  Dorset,  455.  516. 
Morgan  (Prof.  A.  De)  on  Aristotle's  Logic,  81. 

Churchill  (John)  and  Duchess  of  Cleveland,  463. 
Corn  measures,  196. 

Hahfax  (Lord)  and  Catherine  Barton,  161.  265. 
Manley's  New  Atalantis,  265. 
Moon's  rotation,  208. 
Musical  notation,  14. 
Pappus,  Oxford  edition,  228. 
Pound  and  mil-scheme,  112. 
Morgan  (R.  W.),  his  "  North  Wales"  and  Telford,  263, 
Morley  (Wm.  H.)  on  Judith  Culpeper,  177. 

Origin  of  tennis,  210. 
Mormonites,  number  of  each  sex,  268.  318.  358.  452. 
Morning  dreams,  77. 

Morris  (Capt.  Charles),  his  last  days,  412. 
Morrison  (David),  noticed,  68. 
Morten  (J.  G.)  on  brewer's  will,  339. 
Mortgaging  the  dead,  128.  17,9. 
Mortuaries,  their  fees,  1 72.  279.  290. 
Morwenstow  Church,  carving  in,  248. 
Mountagu  (Sidney),  noticed,  211.  256. 
Moyle  (Walter),  his  Works,  322. 
M.  (R.)  on  Troia  in  Portugal,  229. 
M.  (S.  N.)  on  corkscrews  and  bottlescrews,  466. 

Curil's  life  and  publications,  301.  321.  341.  361. 

40L421.  441. 
Hoops  and  Crinoline,  426. 
Mt.  (J.)  on  Alberoni's  scheme  for  Turkey,  447. 
Anonymous  works,  467. 
Crocus's  "  Comcedia  Sacra,"  331. 
Gordon  of  Auchluchries,  344. 


540 


INDEX. 


JIt.  (J.)  on  "  Lives  of  Eminent  L*wyers,"  451. 
Martini  Perssai  Ocia,  &c.,  451. 

"  Portraits  of  Lawyers,"  468. 

Salisbury  Primer,  464. 

Sydserif  (Marion),  verses  on  her  deatli,  367. 

"  Tlie  Art  of  Complaisance,"  351. 
M.  (T.  M.)  on  Oxford  Prize  Poems,  450. 

Eecorder  of  London,  his  robes,  429. 
M'Turk  and  Williams  families,  149.  197. 
MufFet  (Peter),  Commentary  on  Proverbs,  132. 
Muggy,  its  derivation,  310. 
Mummy,  poem  on  one,  87.  137. 
Munich  tune,  410.  514. 
]\Iunk  (Dr.  W.)  on  Dr.  JIalachi  Thriaston,  272. 

Dr.  Matthew  Gwinne,  259. 
5Iurderers  formerly  dissected,  64   98. 
Murdison  v.  Millar,  trial  of,  30.  313. 
Muipliy  on  "  The  Shephei'd  of  Banbury,"  133. 
Musical  notation,  14.  72.  90.  294. 
M.  (W.)  on  varnishing  old  books,  67. 
M.  (W.  D.)  on  Donee's  MS.  notes,  22.  225.. 
M.  (W.  H.)  on  the  fifth  cru.sade,  218. 
M.  (W.  M.)  on  Southey's  History  of  Portugal,  431. 
il.  (Wm.)  Trinff,  on  corn  measures,  131. 
M.  (W.  K.)  on  Candide  and  Quarterly  Review,  433. 
M.  (W.  T.)  on  Hieronymus  Eadiolensis,  413. 

Quotation  fi-om  Horace,  432. 
Myosotis  palustris,  or  forget-me-not,  357. 
Mystery,  inscribed  on  the  Pope's  tiara,  248. 
Mystical  writers,  487. 


Naked-boy  Convt,  Ludgate,  387.  518. 

Naked  Man,  origin  of  the  sign,  387.  460.  518. 

Names,  their  spelling  uncertain,  36. 

Namur,  odes  on  its  fall,  364.  ;  painting  of  its  siege,,  149. 

Name  (Rev.  Wm.),  "  Pearle  of  Prayei',"  295. 

Nature  and  her  mould  for  man,  225. 

Naundorff,  the  pretended  dauphin,.  84. 

Nauticus  on  Lieut.  William  Bligh,  472. 

Naves,  crooked,  38.  79.  158.  276.  297. 

Near-sightedness  among  tlie  hvter  cliasses,.  14&  236. 257. 

397. 
"Neck  or  Nothing,"  by  Samuel  Wesley,  361. 
Neile  (Thomas),  buried  -without  a  coffin,  455. 
Nelson  (Lord  Horatio),  his  uniforai  at  Trafalgsu:,  34fr. 

384.  443. 
"  Nero  Vindicated,"  or  Manchester  Massacre,  373. 46& 
Newby  (Peter),  dramatic  writer,  289.  315. 
Newcourt's  "  Repertorium,"  suggested  reprint,  30A.  374. 

396. 
Newton  (Sir  Isaac),  his  obligations  to  Jacob  B€hme%  38'. ; 

his  niece  and  Lord  Brtlifax,  161.  265.  390. 
Newton  family  of  Cheshire,  Sussex,  &c.,  508. 
Newspaper  geography,  186. 
New  Year's  superstition,  325. 
N.  (G.)  on  Sir  William  Coke,  19. 

Crane  (Rev.  Thomas),  124. 

Curious  accidental  circumstance^  165. 

"  Delia  Opinione,  Regina  del  Mondo,"  431. 

Fleming's  Rise  and  Fall  of  the  Papacy,  52., 

Franklin  (Benjamin),  76.  118,_ 

Glasgow  arms,  92^ 

Jacobite  songs,  431. 


N.  (G.)  on  Locke  (John)  and  freemasonry,  429. 

Moon's  influence  on  weather  and  diseases,  484. 

Namur,  odes  on  its  fall,  364. 

Navigation  by  steam,  50. 

Packman's  stone,  478. 

Person  referred  to  by  Pascal,  58, 

Racke,  or  Wreck,  in  Shakspeai-e,  44. 

Seven  Dials,  early  notice  of,  8. 

Swift's  portrait  by  Faulkner,  21.  158.  509. 

Turncoat,  origin  of  the  term,  86. 

Viner's  Abridgment,  179. 

"  Voice  of  the  Rod,"  its  author,  1 10. 

Watch  inscription,  109. 
N.  (G.  W.)  on  daily  service,  212, 

Danchurch,  custom  at,  336. 
Niccolini  (Giov.  Bat.),  verses  on  a  dream,  264. 
Nichols  (J.  G.)  on  play  before  Henry  VIIL,  78. 
Nichols  (Philip),  a  book  stealer,  389. 
Nicknames  of  American  states,  309. 
Nicolas  (Armelle),  her  Confession,  413. 
Ninian  (St.),  first  bishop  of  Galloway,  211. 
N.  (J.  G.)  on  Erdeswiek's  Staffordshire,  499. 

Order  of  St.  Michael  in  France,  229.  470. 

Precentor  of  the  Province  of  Canterbury,  459. 
N.  (J.  0.)  on  people  of  Carleton  Curlieu,  469. 
N.  (N.)  on  Arnold  of  Westminster,  110. 
"  Nolo  episcopari,"  155.  197.  258. 
Norden  (John),  his  "  Sinfull  Man's  Solace,"  466. 
Norfolk  clergyman  suspended,  29. 
Norman  (L.  J.)  on  Radchenister,  417. 
Northwick  (Lord),  his  motto,  189.  239.  336. 
Norwich  mayor's  feast  in  1561,384. 
Norwood  (Mary),  her  execution,  85. 
Notsa  on  posture  during  Sursum  Corda,  437. 
"  November  Nights,"  announced,  329. 
Noyes  family  of  Wilts  and  Hants,  169.  478. 
N.  (T.  E.)  on  philosophcis  noticed  by  Johnson,  431. 
N.  (W.  L.)  on  Long  Lankyn  ballad,  393. 

Pre-existence,  453. 


O-ik-apple  day,  405. 

Qaes  (Dk.  Titus),  his  petitions,  281. 

Oath ;  The  New  Oath  of  1689  examined,  183. 

Oaths,  ancient,  70.  98. 

0.  (B.)  on  Brawn,  or  Brann,  235. 

"  Obnoxious,"  ita  vatrious  meanings.  111. 

Octave  at  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  328. 

0.  (C.  M.)  on  the  bkek  watch,  266. 

Odd  Fellow  on  master  masons  of  Antwerp,  249. 

Odments,  its  meaning,  77. 

O'Doherty  (Morgan),  alias  Capt.  Hamilton,  58.  ;  alias 

Dr.  Maginn,  145.218. 
Ogbourne  St.  Andrew,  curious  baptismal  entry,  306. 
Ogdo  on  Gamage  family,  136. 

Ogilvie  (Dr.  John),  his  "  Imperial  Dictionary,"  191.  377. 
0.  (J.)  on  dogs  in  churches,  187. 

Forrester  (Colonel),  130. 

Foxton  (Thomas),  his  works,  454. 

Game  (Thomas),  king  designate  of  Buchariu,  62, 

"  History  of  the  Sevarites,"  455,  i 

Jacobite  song,  43. 

Liddell  (George),  131. 

Malynes  (Gerard),  148. 


INDEX. 


541 


0.  (J.)  on  mission  of  the  press,  127. 

MonciieflF  (John)  of  Tippermalluch,  371. 

Poem  on  a  mummy,  ]  37. 
O'Kelly  (Patrick),  the  Irish  bard,  107.  158.  239.  339. 
Oldershaw  (C.)  on  the  Queen's  Case  Stated,  395; 
Olevensis  bishopric,  2.  88.  139. 
Oley  (Barnabas)  and  Dr.  John  Eachard,  492. ;  extracts 

from  his  will,  170. 
O'Malley  on  heraldic  query,  249. 
Ordei-3  of  the  English  clerpy,  their  validity,  78. 
Ordinaries  of  Arms,  249.  293. 
Ordinary  of  Newgate,  why  so  called,  290. 
Organ  submerged,  420. 
Organ  tuning,  190.  457.  515. 
Oriental  literature,  364. 

Ormonde  arms  on  Rochford  church  tower,  419.  497. 
Ormerod  (Geo.)  on  Gamage  family,  473. 
Ormesby  St.  Margaret,  briefs  collected  at,  222. 
Ormonde  (Thomas,  Earl  of),  his  English  possessions,  497. 
Ormston  (Sir  Roger),  high  steward  of  Cambridge,  409. 
OvTis  on  Dr.  Byrom's  verses,  291. 

Gradus  ad  Parnassum,  230. 

Merrick's  portrait,  229. 
Ouzel  Galley,  Dublin,  419.  456. 
Owen  (Sir  Arthur)  and  tlie  casting  vote,  97.  153. 
Owen  (Hugh)  on  battens,  kids,  and  tallet,  409. 

Copying  encaustic  tiles,  317. 

Lines  on  St.  Mary's  church,  146. 
"  Oxford  Prize  Poems,"  complete  series,  450. 
Oxford  squib,  circa  1719 — 1726,  101.  377. 
Oxoniensis  on  Carmina  Quadragesimalia,  130.  355.  511. 

Clergy  buried  towards  the  west,  112. 

Cumberland's  funeral  oration,  469. 

Francis  Fitton,  47. 

Hospital  of  St.  Cross,  Winchester,  450. 

Virgil's  Works,  edit.  1717,  174. 

Westminster  Prologues  and  Epilogues,  199. 
Oxoniensis  Alter  on  Masvicius'  Virgil,  235. 
Oysters,  formation  of  their  shells,  228.  477.;  immense 
size,  247. 


P.  (A.)  on  a  poem  on  a  skull,  430. 

Packman's  stone,  478. 

Palavacini  (Sir  Horatio),  epitaph,  12. 

Pale,  North  Malvern,  origin  of  name,  66. 

Palladio  on  Horace  on  architecture,  151. 

Pallet  (P.  P.),  his  "  Bath  Characters,"  1 72. 

Palliser  (Abp.  Wm.),  noticed,  373. 

Palmer  (F.  D.)  on  Lord  George  Gordon's  riots,  156. 

Palmerston  (Lord)  on  "  A  little  learning,"  448. 

Pamphlet,  its  derivation,  409.  460.  477.  514. 

Pancras  (St.),  engravings  of,  112.;  loyalty  of  the  parish 

in  1649,  287.;  Vicar  at  the  Reformation,  490. 
Papering  rooms,  its  origin,  7. 
"  Pappus,"  Oxford  edition  of,  227. 
Paraph,  its  meaning,  1 00. 
Parchment,  mediaeval,  20. 
Parish  church,  compulsory  attendance  at,  466. 
Parish  registers,  their  transcription,  66.  118.  151.  217. 

318.378. 
Parkinson    (R.)   on   Charles  Edward  Stuart's  stay   in 

Manchester,  147. 
Parma  (Duke  of),  military  dinner,  1584,  174. 
Parochial  libraries,  39.  78. 168.  218. 499. 


Parochial  records,  186.  505. 

Partridges  scented  by  dogs  whilst  incubating,  350.  435. 

Pascal  (Blaise),  person  referred  to  bv  him,  58.  236. 

P.  (A.  S.  E.)  on  "  bantering,"  "  buflPfening,"  &c.,  506. 

Paslam  (Charles)  on  engraved  portraits,  592. 

Passive  obedience,  epitaph  on,  143. 

Passports  to  the  United  States,  29.  60. 

P.  (A.  T.)  on  Additions  to  Pope,  345. 

"  Pathway  to  Health,"  333. 

Patonce  on  almshouses  recently  founded,  300. 

Baptismal  entry  at  Ogboume  St.  Andrew,  306. 

Goddard  family  arms,  30. 

Judge  Jes.sop,  294. 

Parochial  libraries,  39. 

Rustington  church,  359. 

Seymour  (Sir  Heniy),  memorial,  280. 

Suflfragan  bishops,  91. 

Wills,  a  portrait  painter,  250. 
Pattison  (R.)  on  Bromyard  Kalends,  1 10. 
Pattison  (S.  R.)  on  house  inscription,  26. 
Pattison  (T.  H.)  on  English  and  Foreign  architecture, 
447. 

Hare  in  representations  of  the  Last  Supper,  490. 

Representations  of  the  Trinity,  248. 

St.  Peter  with  a  closed  book,  268. 

Tobacco  songs,  297. 
"  Paul  a  knave,"  a  forged  reading,  389. 
Paul's  (St.)  boys  play  at  Greenwich,  24.  78. 
Paulett  (Lord  Charies),  his  father  and  wife,  11. 
Pauline  (Old)  on  Sir  Philip  Francis  and  Junius,  164. 
Payne  (J.  B.)  on  heraldry  of  Jersey,  450. 
P.  (C.)  on  Pope's  Letters  to  Cromwell,  181. 
P.  (C.  H.)  on  fleur-de-lis,  41.  510. 

"Marry,"  as  an  interjection,  70. 
P.  (E.)  on  races  by  naked  men,  518. 
Peacham  (Henry  and  Edmund),  confounded  by  Halli- 

well,  427.  451. 
Peacock  (Edw.)  on  church  furniture  at  Horbling,  185. 

Parish  registers,  151. 

Peacock  (Thomas)  of  Broughton,  353. 
Peacock  (Rev.  Thomas)  of  Broughton,  353. 
Pedigrees,  works  for  tracing,  231. 
"  Peers,  a  Satire,"  by  Humphry  Hedgehog,  jun.,  11. 
Peers,  standing  order  against  printing  their  lives  re- 
pealed, 442. 
Pen  and  the  sword,  463. 
Penal  laws,  works  on,  141. 
"  Pence  a  piece,"  origin  of  the  phrase,  66.  118. 
Pendrell  family  noticed,  128. 
Penn  (Hon.  Thomas)  of  Stoke  Poges,  211. 
Penrith  Castle,  70. 

Penstone  (J.  J.)  on  Raffaelle's  pictures  in  England,  130. 
Pepys  (Samuel)  on  a  devout  lady,  425. 
Perowne  (J.  J.  S.)  on  passages  in  Gower,  391. 
Peter  (St.),  his  tribe,   299.  338.;    represented  with  a 

closed  book,  268.  319.  399. 
Peto  on  Hogarth's  Folly,  110. 
Petty  (Sir  Wm.)  "  A  Briefe  of  Proceedings  between  Sir 

Jerome  Sankey  and  him,"  449. 
P.  (F.  R.  C.)  on  "  De  mortuis  nil  nisi  bonum,"  210. 
P.  (H.)  on  "De  Imitatione,"  179. 
P.  (H.  C.)  on  Martin  Expence,  432. 
Phelps  (J.  L.)  on  shells  of  oysters,  477. 
*.  on  Biographic  Universelle,  its  omissions,  506. 

Initials  and  finals,  287. 

Lass  of  Richmond  Hill,  6, 


542 


INDEX. 


*.  on  pen  and  the  sword.  463. 
Phillips  (J.  P.)  on  Aneroid,  98. 

Bell-bastard,  a  term  of  reproach,  487. 

Brunswick  dyftasty,  97.  153.  280. 

Dick's  hatband,  189. 

Human  skin  tanned,  252. 

Matty  Murray's  money,  352. 

Poem  on  a  mummy,  137. 

Proverbs :  "  As  deep  as  the  North  Star,"  &c.  307. 

Walter  (Lucy),  mother  of  Duke  of  Monmouth,  375. 
Phillips  (J.  W.)  on  Gamage  family,  136. 

Old  Hundredth  tune,^34.  317. 

"  Pence  a  piece,"  99. 
Phillott  (F.)  on  acoustic  query,  410. 

Calonne's  eulogium  on  the  English,  83. 

Cat  worship,  46. 

Green  rose,  72. 

Handel  out  of  tune !  85. 

Mortgaging  the  dead,  128.  179.  * 

Trafalgar  battle  and  Nelson's  death,  347.  443. 
Philobiblus,  on  biblical  epitomes,  386. 
Philologus  on  bamboozle,  390. 
Philosopher's  stone,  MS.  relating  to,  481.  501. 
Phinn  (Mrs.  E.),  her  extraordinary  birth,  226. 

Photography :  — 

Brussels  exhibition,  56. 

Collodion  processes,  473. 

Delamotte's  oxymel  process,  436. 

Hardwick's  photographic  chemistry,  17. 

Howlett  on  printing  photographs,  436.: 

MauU  and  Polyblank's  "  Living  Celebrities,"  436. 

Photographic  portraits,  17.  255. 

Photographic  Society's  soiree,  473.  500. 

Stereoscopes,  292. 

Physiology,  292. 

Picture  cleaning,  old  recipe  for,  464. 

Pigeon  house,  Dublin,  419. 

Pikemonger,  his  avocation,  308. 

Pilate,  curious  derivation  of  the  name,  154. 

Pipes  (Jenny)  and  the  ducking-stool,  38.  295. 

Pisayn  described,  255. 

Pius  VII.,  his  bull  against  Freemasonry,  189. 

P.  (J.)  on  George  Manners,  156. 

Sangaree,  origin  of  the  name,  381. 

Showing  the  white  feather,  79. 

Swift's  letter  to  the  Rev.  Mr.  Pyle,  182. 
P.  (J.  H.)  on  Commons'  Report  of  1719,  18. 
P.  (J.  P.)  on  Thorold  fiimilies,  289. 
P.  (K.  E.)  on  Colonel  Cleland,  418. 
Plague  plant,  309. 
Plague  recipes,  263.  333. 
Plant,  a  singular  one,  173.  236.  296.  437. 
Plants  in  sleeping  rooms,  52. 
"  Plotting  Levite,"a  satire,  164. 
Play  by  St.  Paul's  boys  at  Greenwich,  24.  78. 
Plunkett's  Light  to  the  Blind,  MS.  of,  118. 
P.  (M.  0.)  on  medal  of  the  Pretender,  494. 
P.  (N.  E.)  on  Heralds'  visitations,  412. 

Lloyd  arms,  331. 
P.  (0.  C.)  on  clandestine  opening  of  letters,  459. 

J.  Huddlestone,  458. 
"Political  Caricatures  from  1755  to  1760,"  329.  413, 
Political  poem  of  last  centuiy,  45. 
Pompadours,  or  56th  regiment,  55. 


Poniatowski  gems,  19.  59. 

Popiana :  — 

Additions  to  Pope's  Works,  345. 

Blount  Letters,  344. 

Bolingbroke  (Lord),  letter  to  Pope,  127. 

Cibber  turned  out  of  the  House  of  Lords,  21. 

Corinna  and  Dryden's  funeral,  345. 

"  Court  Poems,"  their  literary  history,  341. 

Curll's  controversy  with  Pope,  204.  302.  321.  341 

—343.  364.  424. 
Curll  and  the  Westminster  scholars,  21. 
Dunciad,  epigram  on  its  frontispiece,  182. 
Dunciad,  its  original  title,  201.;  its  Keys,  203. 
Markland's  verses  on  Pope's   Satire   on  Addison, 

243. 
Pope  and  Warburton,  182.  242. 
Pope  at  Cambridge,  182. 
Pope's  Letters  to  Henry  Cromwell,  181.  242. 
Pope's  Letter  to  Humphrey  Wanley,  242.  296.;  to 

Samuel  Weslev,  363. 
Pope's  Quarrels  with  Curll,  204.  302.  321.  341— 

343.  364.  424. 
"  Progress  of  Dulness,''  201. 
"  Rape  of  the  Lock,"  where  written,  181. 
"  The  hero  William  and  the  martyr  Charles,"  345. 
Wycherley  (Wm.),  correspondence  with  Pope,  345. 

Poplar,  old  house  at,  129.  231. 

Port  Jackson,  origin  of  name,  50.  77.  178. 

Porterfields  of  Porterfield,  465. 

Portraits,  foreign  engraved,  210.  278 ;  in  Dr.  Sleath's 

library,  492. 
"  Portraits  of  Lawyers,"  Part  II.,  468. 
Posies  on  rings,  59.  219. 
Post  House,  Fleet  Street,  302.  344. 
Pound  and  mil  scheme,  71.112. 
P.  (P.)  on  furious  cocks,  517. 

Fowlers  of  Staffordshire,  378. 

Guano,  157. 

Horse-chesnut  and  chesnnt-horse,  517. 

Knowledge  is  Power,  516. 

Leather  of  human  skin,  1 57. 

Near-sightedness,  257. 

Tune  the  old  cow  died  of,  157. 
P.  Q.  Y.  Z.,  meaning  of  the  expression,  490. 
Prayer  for  Unity,  in  the  Accession  Service,  109.  199. 
Preachers,   public,    during    the    Commonwealth,    373. 

438. 
Precentor  of  the  province  of  Canterbury,  389.  515. 
Pre-existence,  works  on  this  doctrine,  329.  453.  517. 
Press,  its  mission,  127. 
Prester  John,  48. 
Prestoniensis  on  Judge  Jeffreys'  unpublished  letter,  25. 

Naked  man,  a  sign,  387. 

New  Year's  superstition,  325. 

"  There's  a  gude  time  coming,"  148. 
Pretender.     See  Stuart. 

Price  (Mr.  Justice),  motto  of  his  presentation  ring,  24. 
Price  (Wm.  Andrew),  governor  of  Surat,  466. 
Prideaux  family,  468.  512. 
Prideaux  Carew  manuscript,  431. 
Priests'  hiding-places,  337. 

Prior  (Matthew),  his  copy  of  Raleigh's  History,  167. 
"  Prisoner  of  War,"  its  legal  definition,  191. 
Proclamation  for  calling  in  testons,  383. 


INDEX. 


543 


Proverbs  and  Phrases :  — 

As  deep  as  the  North  Star,  307. 

As  tight  as  Dick's  hatband,  189.  259. 

Ballads:  "  Give  me  the  making  of  a  people's  bal- 
lads," &c.,  211. 

Bell  bastard,  a  term  of  reproach,  487. 

Coot:  "  As  mad  as  a  coot,"  307. 

Deuce  take  you,  331. 

Garrick :  "  As  deep  as  Garrick,"  307. 

Hair  of  the  dog  that  bit  you,  239.  279. 

Hassel:  "  Like  Madame  Hassel's  feast,"  339. 

Horse-meat  and  man's-meat,  209. 

Jericho:  "  Gone  to  Jericho,"  330. 

Knowledge  is  power,  352.  516. 

Like  lucky  John  Toy,  327. 

Mapsticks:  "  To  cry  mapsticks,"  269.  315.  462. 

Matty  Murray's  money,  352. 

Pence  a  piece",  66.  99.  118.  219.  299.  338. 

Point  d'argent,  point  de  Suisse,  380. 

Pull  for  Prime,  431. 

Quicquid  agas,  prudenter  agas;  et  respice  finem, 
269. 

Eight  man  in  the  right  place,  317.  419. 

Kod  in  pickle,  400. 

Rome :  "  When  you  go  to  Eome,  do  as  Rome  does," 
129.  178. 

Spade:  To  call  a  spade  a  spade,  26.  120. 

Standing  in  another's  shoes,  187.  278.  339. 

West  (Jack),  a  stye  on  the  eyelid,  289. 

Proverbs  as  illustrating  national  character,  486. 

Psalms  in  chui'ch  service,  how  to  be  read,  399. 

NC.  on  Gregory  de  Karwent,  54. 

P.  (S.  R.)  on  posies  on  gold  lings,  59. 

P.  (T.)  on  biographical  queries,  54. 

Boomerang,  475. 

Sir  Thomas  Remington  of  Lund,  432. 
P.  (T.  H.)  on  ancient  oaths,  70. 
Punch  and  Judy,  origin  of  the  characters,  430.  495. 
Punishment  for  refusing  to  plead,  94. 
Punishments,  secondary,  now  in  use,  129. 
Punjab,  its  etvmology,  129.  199. 
Pursey  (Alfred),  "  Tragedy  of  De  Morton,"  330. 


Q.  on  blawn-sheres,  65.  237. 

Cheque  or  check,  377. 

Enlightenment,  336. 

"  Mortal  coil,"  in  Sbakspeare,  368. 

Odments,  77. 

Palmerston  (Lord)  and  Alex.  Pope,  448. 

Paraph,  a  diplomatic  term,  1 00. 

"  Sheaf,"  or  "  chief,"  in  Shakspeare,  369. 
Quadrants,  their  construction,  189. 
Quajrens  on  Rubens's  pictures,  131. 
Quarterings  and  origin  of  grants,  354. 
"  Queen's  Case  Stated,"  lines  on,  329.  395. 
"  Queen's  Closet  Opened,"  333. 
Queen's  drawing-rooms,  court  dress  at,  370. 
Quercus  robur,  its  identification,  309.  358.  434.  493. 
Quercus  sessiliflora,  its  durabiUty,  434.  493. 
Quest  on  buck-basket,  373. 

Magpie:  Corvus  pica,  372. 
Quidam  on  liturgical  queries,  309. 


Quotations :  — 

Adding  sunshine  to  daylight,  89. 

Call  me  not  pale  but  fair,  431.  497. 

Cara  vale:  .sed  non  ajternum,  289.  417. 

Carmine  di  superi  placantur,  432. 

De  mortuis  nil  nisi  bonum,  210. 

Heu  !  quanto  minus  est  cum  reliquis  versarj,  209, 

How  commentators  each  dark  passage  shun,  31. 

Knowledge  and  Wisdom,  far  from  being  one,  31. 

Knowledge  is  power,  352. 

Love  and  sorrow  twins  were  boni,  89. 

Man's  inhumanity  to  man,  380. 

No  pent-up  Utica  contracts  your  powers,  357. 

Nulla  tides  regni  sociis,  191. 

Praise  God  !  praise  God  !  450. 

Sleep,  the  friend  of  woe,  11.  59. 

Then  down  came  the  Templars,  &c.,  450. 

The  soul's  dark  cottage,  380. 

Think  of  me,  109. 

Thinking  is  but  an  idle  waste  of  thought,  2.50. 

They  found  no  end  in  wand'ring  mazes  lost,  452. 

When  waves  run  high —  a  daring  pilot,  48.  75. 


R. 


R.  on  engravings  of  St.  Pancras,  112. 

Heraldic  query,  249. 

Presentiments  of  death,  149. 

Rack,  or  wrack,  in  Shakspeare,  45. 
R.  Cae  Wem,  on  Edward  IL's  retreat  into  Glamorgan- 
shire, 502. 
R.  Macclesfield,  on  Frysley,  Halsende,  &c.,  211. 
R.  (A.)  on  devotional  ladies,  425. 

Fairy-seership,  119. 

Horse  in  hieroglyphics,  235. 
R.  (A.  B.)  on  Arnold  of  Westminster,  160. 

Burnet's  Two  Cases  of  Conscience,  131. 

Germination  of  seeds,  198. 

Grenville  Papers,  &c.,  7. 

Isdell  (Sarah),  356. 

Queen  Anne's  foster-father,  155. 

Sparrow's  Collection,  misprint  in,  505. 
Rabiger  inquired  after,  150.  416. 
Races  on  foot  by  naked  men,  329.  439.  518. 
Racine  (John),  translator  of  his  "  Athaliah  "  and  "  Es- 
ther," 351. 
Radchenister,  its  meaning,  353.  417. 
Radiolensis  (Hieronymus),  his  works,  413. 
Radish  boy's  cry  of  Great  Yarmouth,  405. 
Radley  church,  Berks,  font  inscription,  307. 
Raffaelle,  his  pictures  in  England,  130.  192. 
Railway  custom,  83. 

Raine  (James)  on  John  Ker  Strother,  156. 
Raleigh  (Sir  Walter),  Prior's  copy  of  his  "  History," 

167. 
Ramos  (Johannes  Franciscus),  his  anagram,  187. 
Ranby  family,  410. 

Rand,  its  meaning,  76.  97.  138.  237,  298. 
Randolph  (Edward),  noticed,  108. 
Raphael  as  a  phoenix,  146. 
Raven  superstition,  325. 

Rawsons  of  Fryston,  London,  and  Essex,  27.  96.  438. 
Raymond  (Sir  Charles),  Bart.,  268. 
Razors  sharpened  by  acid,  3 7 1..' 


544 


INDEX. 


R  (C.)  on  Milbome  Port,  477. 

E.  (E.)  on  mosaic  cabinet,  411. 

"  Rebellion  in  Bath,"  its  author,  397. 

Receipt,  or  recipe,  439. 

Recorder  of  London,  his  robes,  429. 

Records,  corporate  and  parochial,  186.  505. 

Records  missing:  The  Distribution  books  of  Ireland,  169. 

B.  (E.  G.)  on  "  allow  "  in  baptismal  service,  10. 

Cocker  and  his  works,  312. 

Double  Christian  names,  197. 

Gillet,  alias  Candler  families,  150. 

Glasgow  city  arms,  14. 

Hayne,  a  provincialism,  157. 

Hops,  early  use  of  in  England,  314. 

Human  leather,  157. 

Kilian  (Cornelius),  151. 

Medlars  introduced  into  England,  338. 

Merry,  its  derivation,  219. 

Parish  registers,  318. 

Sewers,  blawn-sheres,  237. 

Swang,  wang,  wong,  237. 
Regattas,  their  origin,  410.  477. 
Regimental  costume,  55. 
Regiments,  notes  on,  35.  55.  213.  418. 
Reichenbach  (Baron  von)  and  Dr.  Maitland,  243. 
Releat,  its  derivation,  12. 
Remigius  on  hospital  out-patients,  69. 
Remington  (Sir  Thomas)  of  Lund,  his  family,  432. 
Reprieve  for  ninety-nine  years,  93. 
Res  on  the  Caramagnoles,  335. 
Reynolds  (John  Hamilton),  274. 
Rhubarb,  its  introduction  into  England,  430. 
Rhyming  dictionaries,  250. 
Richard  (St.),  Bishop  of  Chichester,  16. 
Richard  (St.),  King  of  the  West  Saxons,  16. 
Richmond  (Charles  Lennox,  1st  Duke  of),  his  recon- 
version, 5.  51. 
Richmond  Park,  poetry  in,  346.  395. 
Riley  (H.  T.)  on  abbey  libraries,  349. 

Aneroid,  337. 

Ballad  literature,  477. 

Bandalore,  351. 

Bashett  family,  416. 

Beats  of  a  drum,  339. 

Bellerophon:  Ovid,  410. 

Boarding-schools  at  Hackney  and  Bow,  351. 

Boomerang,  early  allusions  to,  407.  497. 

Brabanfons,  &c.,  499. 

Buda  mineral  waters,  419. 

Canal  locks,  387. 

Canonicals  worn  in  public,  479. 

Chinese  and  Greeks  and  Romans,  329. 

Chinese  inscriptions  found  in  Egypt,  387. 

Cleland,  Griffith,  and  Will  Honeycomb,  351. 

Compensativen^ss,  348. 

Curll  (Edmund),  bookseller,  383. 

Derwentwater  family,  336. 

"  Deuce  take  you,"  331. 

Dunois  (Madame),  "  Court  of  England,"  400. 

Earl  of  Anglesey  sold  into  slavery,  373. 

English  pronunciation  of  Latin,  336. 

Fagot  in  the  sense  of  food,  339.  378. 

Fain  play,  388. 

Fernando  Colombo  and  Henry  VIIL,  437. 

Fig-pie  wake,  320. 

Hillier  family,  359. 


Riley  (H.  T.)  on  Hogarth's  Country  Inn  Yard,  387  , 

Hogarth's  house  and  tomb,  406. 

Hops  introduced  into  England,  335. 

Horse-godmother,  its  combination,  410, 

Horse  "talk,  478. 

Hour-glass  in  the  pulpit,  339. 

Huddleston  (John)  of  Magdalen  College,  395. 

Human  skin  tanned,  419. 

Imp  used  for  progeny,  459. 

Index  motto,  476. 

Jerichos  in  England,  395. 

Justice  (Henry)  of  Trinity  College,  413. 

Kean  (Edmund),  his  ancestry,  413. 

Knox's  prophecy,  439. 

Largesse,  356. 

Latin  I'e  and  Scotch  wee,  465. 

Lauragnois  (Due  de),  516. 

"  Law  and  Lawyers,"  369. 

Locke  and  Akenside,  407. 

Memorials  of  former  greatness,  460. 

Michael,  the  name  of  a  box,  351. 

Miniature  men  made  of  clay,  490. 

Molingaria  barony,  479. 

"  Mortal  coil,"  in  Shakspeare,  368. 

Myosotis  palustris,  or  forget-me- not,  357. 

Nichols  (Philip)  of  Trinity  Hall,  389. 

"  No  Lord's  anointed,"  &c.,  345. 

Norway,  King  of  Spain's  surname,  352. 

Octave  at  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  328. 

Oxford  squib,  377. 

P.  Q.  Y.  Z.,  its  meaning,  490. 

Plague  plant,  309. 

Pope's  Corinna  and  Dryden's  funeral,  345. 

Pre-existence,  works  on,  329. 

Races  on  foot  by  naked  men,  329. 

Ranby  family,  410. 

Rawsons  of  Fryston,  438. 

Rhubarb,  when  introduced,  430. 

Saucer,  its  derivation,  387. 

Scipio's  shield,  352. 

Scriptural  legends  on  coins,  436. 

Tailless  cats  at  Cambridge,  385. 

Tea,  custom  of  selling  cold,  467. 

Tobacco,  works  in  praise  of,  333.  471. 

Truant  Felice,  a  monastery,  328. 

Tyzack  family,  335. 

Vilain-Quatorze  (Count),  338. 

Writers  bribed  to  silence,  418. 
Rimbault  (Dr.  E.  F.)  on  Agincourt  ballad,  394. 

Early  versions  of  Ariosto,  279. 

Celtic  element  in  the  English  language,  439. 

Claret  and  coffee  known  to  Lord  Bacon,  458. 

Cocker  and  his  works,  310. 

Colonel  Cleland,  418. 

Conway  papers,  468. 

Cromwell  House,  Old  Brompton,  291. 

Doily,  the  napkin  worthy,  476. 

Felton  the  assassin,  his  portrait,  146. 

"  Finetti  Philoxensis,"  491. 

Gildon's  Lives  of  Dramatic  Poets,  491. 

"  God  save  the  King,"  137.  396. 

Halliwells  mistake  concerning  Peacham,  427. 

"  Hey,  Johnnie  Cope,"  135. 

"  King's  health,"  a  song,  128. 

Lord  Mayor's  Show  in  1453,  167. 

Pamphlet,  its  derivation,  477. 


INDEX. 


545 


Kimbault  (Dr.  E.  F.)  on  Pope's  letter  to  Wanley,  296. 

Rust  (J.  C.)  on  Fransham  of  Norwich,  467. 

Prior's  copy  of  Raleigli's  History,  167. 

Rustigen  (Rist.  D.)  on  mill  wheels  and  magnetism,  269. 

"  Bound  about  tlie  Coal  Fire,"  131. 

Rustington  church,  Sussex,  310.  359. 

St.  James',  Clerkenwell,  ministers,  417. 

Ruthven  (Patrick),  letter  on  his  behalf,  101.  261. 

Salisbury  Court  Theatre,  145. 

R.  (W.  J.  B.)  on  Pope  Pius  VII.  and  the  freemasons,  189. 

Slavery  in  England,  187. 

Spanish  proverbs,  456. 

Stuart  (Arabella),  her  papers,  468. 

s. 

Upton  (Charles),  organist,  389. 

Elng  (John),  translation  of  the  ^neid,  17. 

S.  on  boxing-day,  68. 

Eingsend,  origin  of  the  name,  149.  315. 

Curious  advertisement,  46. 

Rix  (S.  W.)  on  Poniatowski  gems,  59. 

Morgan  O'Doherty,  58. 

R.  (J-)  on  Count  Boruwlaski,  157. 

2.  on  horse-racing  on  the  Cotswolds,  418. 

R.  (M.  H.)  on  coffer,  219. 

Tenure  at  Hemingston,  509. 

Long  Lankyn  ballad,  324.    , 

Sacerdos  on  St.  Peter's  tribe,  299. 

Newspaper  geography,  186. 

Saguntum  sword- blades,  356.  417. 

R.  (N.)  on  mottoes  for  common-place  book,  399. 

Sahagun  sword-blades,  172.  356.  417. 

Robertes  (Rev.  David),  prays  for  the  Earl  of  Essex,  61. 

St.  John  (Henry)  kills  Sir  Wm.  Estcourt,  372. 

Roberts  (Chris.)  on  etymology  of  "  fellow,"  358. 

St.  John  (Horace)  on  mankind  and  their  destroyers,  459. 

Roberts  (Geo.)  on  House  of  Brunswick  and  the  casting 

St.  John  (Oliver)  and  Cromwell  family,  381. 

vote,  198. 

St.  John  on  Cambridge  jeu  d'esprit,  408. 

Robinson  (Bishop)  and  Edmund  Cm-11,  424. 

Saints'  days  in  the  calendar,  43.  452. 

Rochford  church  tower,  Ormonde  arms  on,  419.  497. 

Saints  of  the  ancient  British  Church,  68.  180. 

Rock  (Dr.  Daniel)  on  ancient  British  saints,  180. 

Sale  (Sir  Robert),  his  arms,  350. 

Blood  at  the  Carmes  Convent,  57. 

Salisbury  Court  theatre,  145. 

Grtindonnerstag,  193. 

Salisbury  Primer,  1538,  464.                                .  ^ 

Leather  of  human  skin,  157. 

Salmon  (R.  S.)  on  dress  in  1780,  227. 

Ten  Commandments,  175. 

Gordon  riots,  216. 

"Whitsunday,  153. 

Human  leather,  157. 

Roffe  (Alfred)  on  Jacob  Behmen,  92. 

Wager  of  battel,  241 . 

Coleridge's  unpublished  poem,  369. 

Samuel  on  popular  names  of  live  stock,  38. 

Farinelli's  songs,  146. 

Sandys  (George),  early  editions  of  his  Ovid,  255.  294. 

Handel's  musical  library,  498. 

Sangaree,  origin  of  the  name,  381.  476. 

Lead  (Jane)  and  Swedenborg,  470. 

Sansom  (J.)  on  Buslingthorpe  family  arms,  328. 

Roger  de  Wakenfelde,  387. 

Clarence:  Lady  Jane  Grey,  335. 

"Rogue's  March,"  its  music,  191. 

Imp,  used  for  progeny,  238. 

Rogwell  (Sir  Henry)  of  Ford  Abbey,  108. 

Lord  Dean  of  York,  171. 

Rolle  (Samuel),  Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge, 

Mayor  of  London  in  1335,  258. 

88.  139. 

Parish  registers,  217. 

Roman  coins,  forgeries  of,  406. 

Precentor  of  the  province  of  Canterbury,  515. 

Romees,  or  gypsies,  143. 

Rand,  as  a  local  name,  76. 

Romino  Rye  on  Romees,  or  gypsies,  143. 

St.  Richard,  Abp.  of  Canterbury,  16. 

Rondeau  (J.  B.)  on  "  Name ;  Pearle  of  Prayer,"  209. 

Wong,  a  provincialism,  439. 

Rose,  a  green  one,  72.  300. 

Sansum  (Robert),  commander  of  the  Resolution,  69. 

Rose-leaves  converted  into  black  beads,  387.  459. 

Santius  (Fran.),  his  "  Minerva,"  132. 

Rose  of  Jericho,  173.  236.  296.  437. 

S.  (A.  P.)  on  the  great  heat  in  1826,  238. 

Rothbart  on  razors  sharpened  by  acid,  371. 

Mankind  and  their  destroyers,  210. 

"Rotuli  Hundredorum,"  210. 

Saracen,  its  derivation,  229.  298.  314. 

"Round  about  our  Coal  Fire,"  the  earliest  edition,  131. 

Satellite,  its  derivation,  69.  134. 

Routiers,  mercenary  soldiers,  499. 

Saucer,  its  derivatiqp,  387. 

Rovillus  on  Cair  guin  truis,  451. 

"  Saw,"  or  story,  its  original  meaning,  424. 

Fondingge  used  for  temptation,  493. 

S.  (B.)  on  days  of  the  week,  220. 

Interchange  of  a  and  i,  515. 

Punjab,  199. 

William  of  Nassington,  492. 

Scarborough  Spa  and  Dicky  Dickinson,  189.  273. 

Rowe  (John),  serjeant-at-law,  308.  337. 

Scent  of  dogs  inexplicable,  435. 

R.  (P.)  on  toothless  woman,  449. 

Sceptic  on  blood  which  will  not  wash  out,  20. 

R.  (R.)  on  James  Baird  of  Chesterhall,  498. 

S.  (C.  H.)  on  crooked  naves,  79. 

R.  (T.  X.)  on  furious  cocks,  459. 

"  Hallow  my  fancie,"  98. 

Rubens  (Peter  Paul),  "  Descent  from  the  Cross,"  131. 

Jewish  persuasion,  78. 

Judgment  of  Paris,  275. 

Person  referred  to  by  Pascal,  236. 

Rubrical  queries,  118. 

S.  (Charles  S.)  on  battle  of  Brunnanburg,  295. 
Sciolus  on  descents  by  Christian  names,  269. 

Rue  in  criminal  courts,  351.  479. 

Ruffhead's  Pope,  with  Warburton's  Notes,  509. 

Scipio's  shield,  352.  514. 

Russell  (Lord  William),  his  execution,  5. 

S.  (C.  L.)  on  Cibber  turned  out  of  the  House  of  Lords,  21. 

Russian  dynasty,  its  origin,  468. 

Scotch  pedigree,  410. 

Rust  (J.  C.)  on  Fowlers  of  Devonshire,  378. 

Scott  of  S ,  on  dream  superstitions,  325. 

546 


INDEX. 


Scott  of  S ,  on  mental  condition  of  the  starving,  288. 

Scott  (R.  T.)  on  Aspasia's  wart,  130. 

Dream  books,  109. 
Scott  (Sir  Walter)  and  the  authorship  of  the  Waverley 

Novels,  462.  ;  his  plagiarism,  168. 
Scottish  clans,  431. 
Scotus  on  passports,  29. 
Scribe  (John)  on  bay  windows,  174. 
Scripsit  on  cathedral  stalls,  89. 

Irish  tithes,  89. 

Rural  deaneries,  89. 
S.  (D.)  on  Dr.  Griffith  and  Monthly  Review,  458. 

Punishment  of  death,  220. 
S.  (D.  S.)  on  drowned  in  the  sense  of  buried,  516. 

Mediaeval  parchment,  20. 
Seals,  ecclesiastical,  device  of  a  star,  89.  119.  220.  ; 

containing  money,  129.  178. 
"  Secret  History  of  the  Green  Room,"  348. 
Sedgwick  (William),  noticed  in  Coleridge's  Friend,  267. 
Seed  (R.  H.)  on  "  Peers,  a  Satire,"  1 1 . 
Seeds,  germination  of  long  buried,  10. 117.  198. 239.  278. 
S.  (E.  L.)  on  Charles  I.'s  medal,  120. 
Selby  (Dorothy),  monument  at  Ightham,  248.  314.  415. 
Selden  (John),  his  birth-place,  469. 
Senhouse  (J.  P.)  on  Simon  Senhouse,  151. 
Senhouse  (Simon),  prior  of  Cariisle,  151. 
Seraglio,  its  derivation,  16. 
Serjeants'  rings,  24. 

Seijeant-trumpeter,  emoluments,  &c.,  411. 
"  Seven  Dials,"  early  notice  of  the  name,  8. 
Seven  oaks  and  twelve  elms,  188. 
Severn  Stoke  church,  arms  in,  112.  159.  234. 
Sewell  (Geo.),  Poems  attributed  to  him,  423. 
Sewells,  or  blawn-sheres,  65.  137.  237.  278. 
Sexes,  their  proportion,  268.  318.  358.  452. 
Sexton  (Dr.  G.)  on  Norfolk  clergyman  suspended,  29. 

Plants  in  sleeping-rooms,  52. 
Seymour  (Sir  Henry),  of  Harwell,  his  brass,  &c.,  280. 
S.  (F.)  on  dagger-money,  506. 

General  Epistles,  399. 

Great  events  from  little  causes,  43. 

Human  skin  tanned,  250. 

Proportion  of  males  and  females,  318. 

Right  man  in  the  right  place,  317. 
S.  (F.  M.)  on  Sibylline  verses,  431. 
S.  (G.  L.)  on  epitaphs  at  Winchester,  64. 

Prayer  for  Unity,  199. 

Punjab,  129. 

Reprieve  for  ninety-nine  years,  93. 

Royal  regiment  of  artillery,  51. 

Stanwix  (Col.  Thomas),  59. 
S.  (G,  S.)  on  Kemys  family,  249. 
Shaftesbury  House,  Little  Chelsea,  286. 
Shaftesbury,  St.  Peter's  bells,  inscriptions  on,  438. 
Shaking  in  a  sheet,  origin  of  the  custom,  352. 

Shakspeare: — 

All's  Well  that  Ends  Well,  Act  V.  Sc.  3.,  "  Our 

own  love  waking  cries,"  45. 
As  You  Like  It,  Act  II.  Sc.  7. :  "  All  the  world's 

a  stage,"  207. 
Bacon  (Lord),  supposed  author  of  liis  Plays,  267. 

320.  369.  503,  504. 
Bamfield  and  Shakspeare,  8. 
Erasmus's  "  Praise  of  Folie  "  known  to  Shakspeare, 

44. 


Shakspeare : — 

Falstaff's  death,  283. ;  noticed,  369. 

Hamlet,  first  edition  of  1603,  259. 

Hamlet,  Act  I.  Sc.  3. :  "  Are  of  a  most  select  and 

generous  chief  in  that,"  206.  283.  369. 
Hamlet,  Act  III.  Sc.  1. :  "  Mortal  coil,"  207.  284. 

368. 
James  I.'s  letter  to  Shakspeare,  369. 
Kneller's  portrait  of  Shakspeare,  45.  79. 
Rack  or  wrack,  in  the  Tempest,  44. 
Shakspeare  and  hjs  printers,  127. 
Shakspeare  at  the  Red  Lion  Inn,  Paddington,  87. 
Talleyrand  and  Shakspeai-e,  369. 
Tempest,  Act  I.  Sc.  2. :  "  They  would  not  take 

his  life,"  284. 

Shandygaff,  origin  of  the  word,  209. 
Shelley  (P.  B.),  queries  in  his  Poems,  388. 
"  Shepherd  of  Banbury's  Rules,"  133. 
Shere  Thursday,  194.  216. 
Short-hand,  early  works  on,  393. 
Siddons  (Sarah),  her  birth-place,  89. 120. 
Sigma  on  Bishop  Latimer's  family,  449. 
Sigma  Theta  on  bibliographical  queries,  130. 

Can  fish  be  tamed?  235. 

Fenton  of  Milnearne,  171. 

Hogarth  family,  149. 

James  Baird  of  Chesterhall,  308. 

Scotch  pedigrees,  410. 
Fignor  ver.  Mr.,  227. 
Silures  of  Iberic  origin,  271. 
Simmonds  (Rev.  Mr.),  noticed,  131. 
Simon  (Thomas),  the  medallist,  77.  115.  276. 
Simplon,  Illustrations  of  the,  211.  280.  336.  419. 
Sinclair  (Alex.),  verses  on  Marion  Sydserff's  death,  367. 
Singleton  (S.)  on  derivation  of  pamplilet,  409.  514. 
Sinister  (R.)  on  old  house  at  Poplar,  129. 
Sion  ap  Gwillym  on  Lieut.-Col.  Davies,  190. 

Lucy  Walter,  mother  of  Duke  of  Monmouth,  374. 

Morgan's  North  Wales  and  Telford,  263. 

Niccolini's  verses  on  a  dream,  264. 
"  Sir  Guy  the  Seeker,"  289.  337. 
S.  (I.  W.)  on  William  Davenport,  174. 
S.  (J.)  on  Edmund  Peacham,  451. 
S.  (J.  B.)  on  ancient  pipe  case,  189. 

Archer,  an  English  sirname,  350. 
S.  (J.  D.)  on  star  and  crescent  on  seals,  220. 
S.  (J.  G.  H.)  on  Bennet  and  other  families,  229. 
S.  (J.  L.)  on  James  I.'s  letter  to  Shakspeare,  369. 
S.  (J.  R.)  on  glass  manufacture,  290. 
S.  (J.  W.)  on  Coventry  god-cakes,  229. 
Skating,  French  lines  on,  508. 
Skimpole,  a  real,  106. 
Skoymus,  its  derivation,  429. 
S.  (K.  P.)  on  Kneller's  portrait  of  Shakspeare,  45. 
Skynner  (Vin.),  letter  to  Mr.  Hicks,  393. 
Slavery  in  England,  187.  256. 
Sleath  (Dr.  W.  B.),  his  library,  492. 
Sleep,  a  long  one,  227. 
Sleeping  in  church,  266.  336. 
Slocombe  (R.)  on  Bacon  and  Shakspeare,  504. 
Smethell's  Hall  chapel  burnt,  448. 
Smith  (A.  S.)  on  Rev.  Thomas  Crane,  233. 
Smith  (Charles),  "  History  of  Kerry,"  27.  216. 
Smith  (John),  artist,  172. 
Smith  (Richard)  of  Bristol  Infirmary,  250. 


INDEX. 


547 


Smith  (Dr.  Wm.),  error  in  his  'dictionary  of  Greek  and 

Roman  Geography,"  86. 
Smith  (W.  J.  Bernhard)  on  fish  being  tamed,  296. 

Font  inscription,  307. 

Inn  signs,  299. 

Regiments,  notes  on,  35. 

Rose  leaves,  459. 

Saguntum  sword-blades,  417. 

Toledo  blades,  26. 
S.  (M.  N.)  on  Curll  and  the  Westminster  scholars,  21. 

Francis's  Horace,  156. 
Snape  (Dr.),  satirical  poem  on,  423. 
Sneyd  (Honora),  noticed,  36.  396. 
Socius  Dunelm  on  Rev.  Charles  Hotham,  100. 

Lingard  (Wm.),  his  will,  104. 

Lord  Dean  of  York,  294. 
Solicitors  temp.  Charles  I.,  385. 

Songs  and  Ballads :  — 

Agincourt  battle,  349.  395.  . 

Carmagnoles,  269.  334.  394. 

Cope:  "Hey,  Johnnie  Cope,"  68.  135.  180. 

Cow  and  Snuffers,  20.  60. 

God  save  the  King,  60.  96.  137.  334.  396. 

Hallow  my  fancie,  57.  98.  138. 

Income  tax,  57. 

Jacobite  song,  43.  79. 

King's  health,  128. 

Lass  of  Richmond  Hill,  6. 

Long  Lankyn  ballad,  324.  392. 

There's  a  gude  time  coming,  148. 

Tune  the  old  Cow  died  of, '^39.  157. 

South  (Dr.  Robert),  oration  on  his  death,  361. 

South-Sea  schemes,  386. 

Southey  (Robert),  "  History  of  Portugal,"  431. 

Southwell  manuscripts,  310. 

Spain,  the  king's  sirname,  Norway,  352. 

Spanish  proverbs,  works  on,  388.  456. 

Sparrow  (Bp.)  misprint  in  his  "  Collection  of  Articles," 

505. 
Sparrow  family  arms,  431. 
Spencer  (Hon.  John)  of  Althorp,  50. 
Spiders'  webs,  their  structures,  450.  517. 
Spinke  (John),  his  quarrel  with  Curll,  321. 
S.  (P.  0.)  on  Swift's  portrait,  199.  510. 
Spooner  (Lawrence),  "Looking-Glass  for  Smoakers,"  471. 
Spooner  (Wm.)  on  brewer's  will,  339. 
Spring  Gardens,  Greenwich,  456. 
"  Springers,'"  or  62nd  regiment,  36. 
Squib,  an  Oxford,  101.377. 
S.  (R.)  on  ordinaries  of  arms,  293. 
S.  (R.  R.)  on  the  great  comet  of  1556,  105. 

Dr.  Forster  on  periodical  meteors,  107. 
S.  (S.)  on  Lord  Chancellor  Cowper,  1 50. 
Ss.  (J.)  on  Mr.  Buchanan,  American  president,  451. 

Hayne,  or  haining,  156. 

Leckerstone,  its  meaning,  418. 

Mawes  of  kites,  456. 

Murdison  v.  Millar,  313. 

Rand,  its  etymology,  138. 
S.  (S.  S.)  on  Kalends,  236, 

"  Terentianus  Christianus,"  508. 
S.  (T.)  on  petition  of  Dr.  Walker's  niece,  461. 
Stag  beetle,  83. 

Stanhope  (Earl)  and  steam  navigation,  50.  • 

Stanhope  (H.)  and  the  "  Progress  of  Dulness,"  203. 
Stanley  (Edward),  author  of  "  Elmira,"  49. 


Stanmore  Magna,  inscription  on  an  atchievement,  26. 

Stanwix  (Major- General),  noticed,  37.  59. 

Stapylton  (Sir  Robert  and  Sir  Philip),  468. 

Stars  in  the  East,  207. 

Starving,  mental  condition  of  the,  288. 

Stationers'  Hall  registers,  322. 

S.  (T.  B.)  on  St.  Vedast  alias  Foster,  509. 

S.  (T.  C.)  on  Sir  Isaac  Newton's  niece,  390. 

Steam  navigation  and  Earl  Stanhope's  experiments,  50. 

Steele  (Archibald),  noticed,  68. 

Steele  (Wm.)  Lord-Chancellor,  his  portrait,  387. 

Steinman  (G.  S.)  on  "  The  Christian  SodaUty,"  339. 

Stencilled  books,  47. 

Stephens  (Hen.)  on  germination  of  seeds  long  buried,  58. 

Grain  crops,  180. 

Heat  in  1826  and  1856,  180. 

Human  skin  tanned,  252. 

Leverets  with  a  white  star,  59. 
Stephens  (J.)  on  stereoscopes,  292. 
Stephens  (Mi's.  Joanna),  her  nostrum,  380. 
S.  (T.  G.)  on  "  Hey,  Johnnie  Cope,"  135. 

Human  skin  tanned,  252. 

Name  (Rev.  Wm.)  of  Dysart,  295. 
Stic  on  Lieut.  William  Bligh,  411. 
Stilwell  (John  P.)  on  mediseval  parchment,  20. 
Stirling  (Wm.  Alexander,  1st  Earl  of),  epitaph,  449. 
Stock  frost,  494. 
Strabo  on  Ireland,  159. 
Street  nomenclature,  518. 
Striking  in  the  king's  court,  49.  75. 
Stringer  (James),  author  of  "A  Cantab 's  Leisure,"  109. 
Strother  (John  Ker),  his  descent,  156. 
Strother  (Mark)  of  Kirknewton,  352. 
Strype  (John),  "  Life  of  Parker,"  266. 
Stuart  family  arms,  300. 
Stuart  (Charles  Edward),  grandson  of  James  II.,  medal, 

494.;  his  stay  at  Manchester  in  1745,  147. 
Stuart  (James),  artist  and  architect,  80.  100. 
Stuart  (Lady  Arabella),  her  papers,  468. 
Stunt,  a  provincialism,  237.  279. 
Stylites  on  "  Chimsera,"  a  poem,  30. 

Epitaph  at  Kinver  Chm'ch,  305. 

Horsetalk,  57. 

Kneller's  portraits  of  the  Kit-Cat  Club,  451. 

Murdiston  and  Millar,  trial,  30. 

Numerous  families,  39. 

Oldest  building  in  the  British  Isles,  449. 

Plants  in  sleeping-rooms,  52. 
Suffragan  bishops,  list  of,  from  the  11th  century,  1.  88. 

91.136. 
Sugar-loaf  mountains,  co.  Wicklow,  508. 
"  Suiceri  Thesaurus,"  editions  of  1682  and  1728,  507. 
Sunderland  (Anne,  Countess  of),  "  The  little  Whig,"  49. 
Sun-dial  mottoes,  464. 
Superstition  of  the  present  day,  128. 
"  Sursum  corda,"  and  "  Sanctus,"  posture  at  repeating 

them,  68.  205.  437. 
Sutile  pictures,  386. 
S.  (V.  F.)  on  artillery  in  17th  century,  414. 

Long  Lankyn  ballad,  392. 
S.  (W.)  on  whistle  tankards,  316. 
Swang,  a  provincialism,  79.  237.  439. 
S.  (W.  H.)  on  Bacon  and  Shakspeare,  503. 
Swift  (Dean),  letter  to  Rev.  Mr.  Pyle,  182.  256.;  por- 
trait in  Faulkner's  edition  of  his  Works,  21.  96.  139. 
158.  199.  254.  509. 
Swifte  (E.  L.)  on  Dean  Swift's  portraits,  139. 


548 


INDEX. 


S.  (Y.)  on  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields  avenues,  428. 

Terence,  ed.  1496,  354.*  "  Andrian,"  its  translator,  466. 

Medlars  introduced  into  England,  173. 

"  Terentianus  Christianus,"  by  Gondano,  508. 

"  View  of  the  Jewish  Religion,  467." 

Test  laws,  works  on,  141. 

Sybil,  lines  on  the,  430.  473. 

Testons,  proclamation  respecting,  383. 

Sydney  on  Sir  John  Hayward's  birth,  459. 

Tetburiensis  on  races  at  Tetbury,  352. 

Sydserff  (Mrs.  Marion),  verses  on  her  death,  367. 

Telbury  races,  352.  418.;  vicars,  53,  54. 

Symbols  of  saints,  288.  339.  419. 

T.  (G.  W.)  on  Sliakspeare  and  Erasmus,  44. 

Symmons  (Dr.  Charles),  and  Milton's  Prose  Works,  505. 

Thanksgiving-day  in  America,  198.  258. 

Symond's  Court  Castle,  353. 

Theatrical  property  in  the  United  Kingdom,  429. 

Synodals  explained,  151. 

Theodolite,  its  etymology,  379. 

Theophilus  on  Baron   Reichenbach   and  Dr.  MaitlanJ, 

243. 
Theosophists  and  mystics,  487. 

T. 

T.  (H.  E.  P.)  on  sun-dial  mottoes,  464. 

T.  on  Connecticut  charter  oak,  226. 

Theta  on  modern  Judaism,  198. 

Capt.  Charles  Morris,  412. 

Thetcher  (Thomas),  epitaph,  64. 

Husbands  beating  their  wives,  478. 

"  Think  of  me,"  a  poem,  109.  219.  274. 

Theatrical  property,  429. 

Thomas  (W.  M.)  on  Curil's  poisoning,  383. 

Tablets,  forged  Roman  waxen,  5. 

Marriot,  the  great  eater,  31. 

T.  (A.  G.)  on  the  origin  of  the  term  gites,  309. 

Thompson  (Pishey)  on  battle  of  Brunnanburg,  277. 

Tailor  reduced  to  zero,  146. 

Dick's  hatband,  238. 

Tale  wanted,  11.  75.  218. 

Stunt,  a  provincialism,  279. 

Tallet,  or  hay-loft,  409. 

Thorns  (W.  J.)  on  Dodsley's  Collection  of  Poems,  274. 

Talleyrand  and  Skakspeare,  369. 

Markland's  verses  on  Pope's  Satire  on  Addison,  243. 

Tankards,  whistle,  247.  316. 

"  Progress  of  Dulness,"  201. 

"  Tantum  ergo,"  an  eucharistic  hymn,  13.  59. 

Thorburn  (R.)  on  approach  of  vessels,  96. 

Tape  Line  on  Keay  the  timber  merchant,  210. 

Thornton  (Abraham),  his  trial  by  battel,  241.  433. 

Tau  on  Smith's  Dictionary  of  Geography,  86. 

Thorold  families,  282.  399. 

Taverns  in  1608,  491. 

Threlkeld  family,  190. 

Taylor  (A.)  on  "  Destruction  of  Small  Vices,"  190. 

Threlkeld  on  Bisselius,  173. 

Foreign  Reformed  liturgies,  67. 

Bonaparte's  English  letter,  385. 

Samuel  Rolle  of  Trinity  College,  88. 

Cabinet  councils,  427. 

Taylor  (E.  S.)  on  briefs  collected  in  Ormesby  St.  Mar- 

Celtic element  in  the  English  language,  395. 

garet,  222. 

Cumberland's  John  de  Lancaster,  247. 

Mapsticks,  315. 

Custom  at  Dunchurch,  516. 

Mayor  of  London  in  1335,  213. 

Elizabeth  (Queen),  her  epitaphs,  246. 

Roman  coins  forged,  406. 

Houses  of  entertainment  in  1608,  491. 

Water-spouts  on  land,  328. 

How  to  frighten  dogs,  460. 

Taylor  (H.  W.  S.)  on  Naked-boy  Court,  460. 

Malakoff,  its  origin,  465. 

Taylor  (Thomas)  the  Platonist,  489. 

Mary  I.,  her  surreptitious  heir,  288. 

T.  (C.)  on  coach  miseries,  126. 

Miles,  an  acrostic,  171. 

Early  rising  and  night  watching,  388. 

Naked-Boy  court,  Ludgate,  387. 

Letter  writers  by  profession,  487. 

Proverbs  illustrating  national  character,  486. 

"  Right  man  in  the  right  place,"  419. 

Threlkeld  family,  190. 

Stained  glass,  its  origin,  506. 

Vegetable  bread  and  wine,  448. 

T.  (C.  S.  G.)  on  "  Call  me  not  pale,  but  fair,"  431. 

Thruston  (Dr.  Malachi),  noticed,  190.  272. 

Tea,  preparation  of  cold,  467. 

T.  (H.  S.)  on  Hampshire  topography,  328. 

Teague  on  Bensley  the  actor,  356. 

Thurscrosse  (Dr.  Timothy),  his  library,  170. 

"  Te  Deum,"  paraphrased,  370. 

Tillotson  (Abp.),  his  Life  published  by  Curil,  403. 

Tee  Bee  on  the  Courtney  family,  404. 

Timbs  (John)  on  Jews'  bread,  47. 

Oak-apple  day,  405. 

Titmouse,  its  etymology,  144. 

Rous,  serjeant-at-law,  308. 

T.  (J.  E.)  on  demonological  queries,  4S2. 

"  Secret  History  of  the  Green  Room,"  348. 

Responsibility  of  man  to  animals,  69. 

"  Tarantula,"  its  author,  310. 

T.  (N.  G.)  on  origin  of  regattas,  410. 

Walters  (Lucy),  her  ancestry,  308. 

Quotation  wanted,  450. 

White  (Henry  Kirke),  his  mother's  family,  371. 

T.  (N.  L.)  on  coach  miseries,  313. 

Telford  (Thomas)  and  the  Menai  Bridge,  263. 

Colman's  Iron  Chest,  1 78. 

Temperature  of  the  weather  at  tlie  Incarnation,  466. 

Door-head  inscription,  238. 

Temple,  the  regicides,  their  family,  12. 

Epitaph  at  Bradford,  397.;  at  Ryde,  408. 

Temple  (R.  G.)  on  Temple  the  regicide,  12. 

Lollard,  its  etymology,  329. 

Temple  (Sir  Wm.),  his  motto,  352. 

Money  enclosed  in  seals,  178. 

Temple  (W.  E.)  on  fossil  skeleton  near  Fondel,  49. 

Watch,  lines  on,  399. 

Ten  Commandments.     See  Decalogue. 

Water-drinkers  becoming  poets,  351. 

Tennent  (Sir  J.  Emerson)  on  elephants  exasperated  by 

Winter  assizes,  87. 

blood  of  mulberries,  435. 

Toad-eater,  its  etymology,  424. 

Water-spouts  in  the  Indian  Ocean,  89. 

Tobacco  early  used  by  the   Central  Americans,  124.; 

Tennis,  its  origin,  210.  257. 

songs  on,  95.297.  332.471. 

INDEX. 


549 


Todd  (Dr.  J.  H.)  on  suflfragan  bishops,  136. 

Todd  (Wm.  Wilson),  jeu  d'esprit,  408. 

Toledo  blades,  26, 

Toleration,  Works  on,  142. 

Tollenarius  (Joannes),  his  works,  191. 

Tong  church,  Salop,  its  parochial  library,  499. 

Toothless  woman,  449. 

Torch  dance,  405. 

Torture,  instruments  of,  109.  398. 

Tothill  pedigree,  372.  437.  496. 

Towers,  leaning,  and  crooked  church  spires,  388. 456. 

478.  ' 
Town-butts,  shooting  at,  414. 
Traditions,  remote,  through  few  links,  29.  74.  483. 
Trafalgar,  notes  on,  346.  384.  443. 
Trance,  the  voluntary,  148. 

Tranent  kirk,  extracts  from  its  Book  of  Discipline,  427. 
Trapp  (Joseph),  noticed,  53,  54. 
Trees  and  flowers,  notes  on,  72. 
Tremaine  (Nicholas  and  Andrew),  twins,  10. 
Trevelyan  (Sir  W.  C.)  on  money  in  legal  seals,  129. 
Trinity,  ancient  representations  of  the,  248. 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  a  Fellow  referred  to  by  Earl 

of  Sandwich,  49. 
Troco,  or  lawn  billiards,  10.  75. 
Troia,  a  town  of  Portugal,  229. 
T.  (R.  S.)  on  motto  of  Sir  Wm.  Temple,  352. 

Quarterings  and  grants  of  arms,  354. 

Terence,  edition  of  1496,  354. 
Truant  Felice,  a  monastery,  328. 
Tryon  (Dr.  Thomas),  his  Works,  488. 
Tschlin,  its  locality,  371. 
T.  (T.  M.)  on  John  Hamilton  Reynolds,  274. 
ffuckett  (John)  on  Tothill  pedigree,  496. 
Tudno  (St.),  notices  of,  230. 
Tnke  (John),  his  work  on  Grain  Crops,  88. 
Tumbrel,  instrument  of  punishment,  374. 
Tunstal  on  Tyndale's  New  Testament,  493. 
Turncoat,  origin  of  the  epithet,  86. 
Turner  (J.  M.  W.),  his  accuracy  in  aixhitectural  back- 
grounds, 187. 
T.  (W.)  on  apostle  spoons,  112. 

Ariosto,  early  illustrated  editions,  173. 

Construction  of  quadrants,  189. 

Epitaph  at  Ryde,  457. 

Leaning  towers,  456. 
T.  (W.  H.  W.)  on  corporate  and  parochial  records,  505. 

Felo-de-se  and  manorial  rights,  57. 

Huddlestone  (John),  of  Magdalen  College,  57. 

Mayor  of  London  in  1335,  39. 

Punishment  of  dishonest  bakers,  20. 
Twysden  (Sir  Wm.),  speeches  in  House  of  Commons,  82. 
Tyndale's  New  Testament,  1538,  493. 
Typography,  its  early  localities,  287. 
Tyzack  family,  335. 


U. 


Umbrella,  or  parasol,  76. 
Uneda  on  William  Dunlap,  339. 

"No  pent-up  Utica,"  &c.,357. 

"  November  Nights,"  329. 

Queen's  Case  Stated,  329. 

Reading  of  the  psalms,  399. 
Universities,  royal  privileges  at,  270.  319. 
Unkempt,  its  meaning,  506. 


Upton  (Charles),  organist,  389. 
Upton  (Wm.)  and  "  The  Lass  of  Richmond  Hill,"  7. 
Urban  VL,  a  parliamentary  pope,  451. 
Uthwatt  family,  and  its  arms,  230. 


Vacuum  on  Aneroid,  417. 

Vallifere  (La  Duchesse  de  la),  epigram  on,  491. 

Vandyck,  a  Swedish  diplomatist,  269. 

Vardill  (Rev.  Dr.),  author  of  "  The  Unknown,"  437. 

Varvicensis  on  portrait  of  Godiva,  492. 

Vatican,  drawings  of  English  edifices,  350. 

Vaughan  (Henry)  and  Samuel  Rogers,  126. 

Vechs  on  colouring  natural  flowers,  438. 

Vectis  on  habits  of  the  coot,  477. 

Vedast  (St.),  alias  Foster,  509. 

Vegetable  bread  and  wine,  448. 

V.  (E.  H.)  on  Cromwell  House,  Old  Brompton,  396. 

Veni  Creator,  the  longer  metrical  version,  309.  474. 

Verral  (Charles),  noticed,  109. 

Vespertilio  on  books  to  public  libraries,  332. 

Filazer,  his  ofiice,  354. 

Hint  to  Lord  Palmerston,  326. 

Nicknames  of  American  States,  309. 

Regattas,  477. 
Vessels'  approach  foreseen,  96. 
Vestris  (Madame),  her  parentage,  270. 
Viator  on  Saguntum  sword-blades,  356. 
Vicary  (Thomas),  "  The  Englishman's  Treasure,"  333. 
"  View  of  the  Jewish  Religion,"  1656,  467. 
Vilain-Quatorze  (Count),  338.  398. 
Vilmar  (Professor)  on  diabology,  268. 
Vincent  (Dr.),  oration  at  Richard  Cumberland's  grave, 

469. 
Vindex  on  secondary  punishments,  129. 
"  Vine,"  a  parable,  68. 

Viner's  Abridgment,  advertisement  of,  85.  179. 
Virgil's  Works,  Masvicius'  edition,  174.  235.  379. 
Virginian  Company,  records  of,  108. 
Visiting  cards,  514. 
V.  (J.)  on  Punch  and  Judy,  496. 

Voltaire  (M.  F.  A.),  his  "  Candide  "  and  the  "  Quarterly 
Review,"  349.  398.  433 ;    "  Candide,"  its  Conlinua- 
-  tion,  229.  319.  398. 

Vox,  on  Lord  Bacon  the  author  of  Shakspeare's  Plays, 
369. 

Charles  XL's  letter  to  Queen  of  Bohemia,  111. 

Culpeper  (Judith),  130. 

Fairies,  338.     . 

Husbands  authorised  to  beat  their  wives,  359. 

Jumping-dance,  512. 

Near-sightedness,  397. 

New  England  queries,  335. 

"  Pence  a  piece,"  338. 

Penn  (Hon.  Thomas),  211. 

Proportion  of  males  and  females,  452. 

Torture  instruments,  398. 

Wheel  of  Milborne  Port,  111. 


W. 


W.  on  Capt.  R.  Browne  of  Gually's  dragoolis,  288. 
Burns's  inedited  poem,  506. 


550 


INDEX. 


W.  on  "  Imago  primi  saeculi  Societatis  Jesu,"  191. 
W.  Bombay,  on  Mayor  of  London,  1335,  438. 

Parish  registers,  66.  318. 

Wotton  (Dean),  his  MS.  collections,  288. 

Wotton  (John),  "  Courtlie  Controversie  of  Cupid's 
Cautels,"  513. 
W.  1,  on  "  Pence  a  piece,"  66. 
W.  and  P.  on  German  Concordance,  475. 
W.  of  Wincestre  on  Wilkins  of  Gloucestershire,  490. 
Wade  (Thomas),  translator  of  the  "  Island,"  37. 
Wager  of  battel,  241.  433. 
Wagers,  curious,  427. 
Wagessum,  its  meaning,  509. 
Wahrheit  on  anonymous  works,  99. 
Walcott  (Mackenzie)  on  Arnold  of  Westminster,  1 60. 

Bell  inscriptions,  438. 

Blawn-sheres,  137.  278. 

Flambeaux  in  Grosvenor  Square,  8. 

Greek  cross,  498. 

Last  words  of  the  Great,  192. 

Lord  Dean  of  York,  397. 

Prebendal  stalls,  120. 

Eegiments,  notes  on,  36.  215.  418. 

Sewers,  blawn-sheres,  &c.,  137.  278. 

Suffragan  bishops,  1. 

Whitsunday,  154. 
Walker  (A.)  on  "  First  of  March,"  410. 
Walker  (Dr.  George),  petition  of  his  grand-niece,  461. 
Walker  (Robert),  portrait-painter,  33. 
Waller  (Henry),  the  oldest  Australian  colonist,  307. 
Waller  (Robert),  M.P.  for  Chipping  Wycombe,  490. 
Walpole  (Horace),  new  edition  of  his  "  Letters,"  40.  66. 

518.;  on  the  Whittingtonian  Antiquaries,  88.  117. 
Walpole  (Sir  Robert),  Curll's  letter  to  him,  443. 
Walter  (Lucy)  alias  Barlow,  308.  374. 
Walton's  Polyglott,  Earl  of  Clarendon's  copy,  275. 
Wanley  (Humphrey),  Pope's  letter  to,  242.  296. 
Warburtou  (Bishop),  epigram  on,  22.  96. ;  author  of  an 

article  on  his  writings  in  "  Quarterly  Review,"  373. 
Ward  (Simon)  on  parish  registers,  217. 

Smith's  History  of  Kerry,  216. 
Warton's  History  of  English  Poetry,  erratum,  287. 
Warwick  (Eden)  on  Celtic  element  in  the  English  lan- 
guage, 308. 

Dissection  of  murderers,  98. 

Fish  being  tamed,  339. 

Leckerstone,  its  meaning,  290. 

Eadchenister  or  Radman,  417. 

Showers  of  wheat,  335. 
Watch  inscriptions,  109.  291.  399. 
Watchmakers,  London,  in  early  times,  308. 
Water-drinkers  becoming  poets,  351. 
Waterloo,  Haydon's  notes  on  the  battle,  166. 
Water-spouts  in  the  Indian  Ocean,  89. ;  on  land,  328. 
W.  (B.  S.)  on  translation  of  Aristotle's  Organon,  39. 
W.  (D.)  on  artillery  in  17th  century,  328. 

Tumbrel,  an  instrument  of  punishment,  374. 
Weather  rhymes,  227.  516. 
Webb  (R.)  on  Mayor  of  London  in  1335,  293. 
Weldons  of  Swanscombe,  co.  Kent,  49. 
Wells  cathedral,  its  east  window,  476. 
Wells  Corporation,  Charles  I.'s  letter  to,  185. 
Welsh  custom  of  dividing  ships,  159.  339. 
Wemvss  (M.  E.)  on  worm  in  wood,  173. 
Wentwi,'th  (Wm.),  2nd  Earl  of  Strafford,  111.  ^ 
W.  (E.  S.)  on  Mrs.  Siddons's  first  appearance,  120. 


Wesley  (Rev.  Samuel),  "  Neck  or  Nothing,"  361.;  Alex. 

Pope's  letter  to  him,  363. 
West  (Edw.)  on  Silures  of  Iberic  origin,  271. 
West  (Joshua),  his  poetical  will,  386. 
Westerham  parochial  library,  78. 
Westminster  Plays,  their  Prologues  and  Epilogues,  68. 

199. 
Westminster  scholars  punish  Edmund  Curll,  361. 
W.  (F.)  on  Punch  and  Judy,  496. 
W.  (G.)  on  Munich  tune,  410. 

Paulett  (Lord  Charles),  11. 
Whateley  (Abp.),  epigram  by,  487. 
W.  (H.  E.)  on  frightening  dogs,  278. 

Last  words  of  the  great,  105. 

Morgan  0'Doherty,218. 

Weldons  of  Swanscombe,  in  Kent,  49. 
Wheat,  showers  of,  289.  335. 
Wheel  for  the  borough  of  Milborne  Port,  111.  477. 
Whig:  "  The  Httle  Whig,"  49. 
Whistle  tankards,  247.  416. 

Whitborne  (J.  B.)  on  Brilley  church  and  funeral  stone, 
307. 

Davis  the  almanac  maker,  30. 

Ducking-stool  and  Jenny  Pipes,  295. 

Fish  tamed,  296. 

Seijeants'  rings,  24. 
White  (A.  Holt)  on  Mr.  Bathurst's  disappearance,  95. 137. 

Chimney,  first  in  England,  410. 

Eggs  in  heraldry,  419. 

Germination  of  seeds,  239. 

Hogarth  family,  198. 

Holly  an  indigenous  evergreen,  113.  215. 

How'land  family,  297. 

Lofer,  origin  of  the  word,  448.  • 

Oyster  shells,  228. 

Partridges  scented  by  dogs,  435. 

Quercus  robur,  309.  434. 

Sexes,  their  proportion,  358. 

Tennis,  its  origin,  257. 

Wagessum,  its  meaning,  509. 
White  (Henry  Kirke),  his  mother's  family,  371. 
White  of  Fitlleford,  co.  Dorset,  descendants,  450. 
Whitehead  (Dr.  J.  C),  noticed,  372. 
White  House,  Worcestershire,  illuminated  parchment  at, 

481.  .501. 
Whitsunday,  origin  of  name,  77.  99.  153. 
Whittington  and  his  Cat,  discussions  on,  88.  117. 
Whyte  (Rowland),  noticed,  27.  438. 
Widkirk  miracles,  passage  in,  106. 
Wilde  (Dr.)  song,  "  Hallow  my  fancie,"  57.  138. 
Wilde  (Wm.  C.)  on  Patrick  O'Kelly,  the  Irish  bard,  107. 
Wilfred,  on  copying  encaustic  tiles,  270. 

Fowlers  of  Staffordshire,  307. 
Wilkins  of  Gloucestershire,  490. 
Wilkins's  vegetable  bread  and  wine,  448. 
Wilkinson  (J.  B.)  on  derivation  of  Skoymus,  429. 

Lines  on  skating,  508. 
William  I.,  his  joculator.  111. 

William  III.  and  the  De  Wits,  6.;  Bp.  Burnet's  letter 
on  his  landing,  244. ;  his  circular  to  the  Wells  bur- 
gesses,  125. 
William  of  Nassington,  his  "  Speculum  Vitse,"  492. 
Willis  (Dr.  Thomas),  his  Works,  488. 
Wills,  poetical,  303.  386. 
Wills  (Rev.  James),  portrait  painter,  250. 
Wills  (W.  H.)  on  compulsory  attendance  at  church,  466, 


INDEX. 


551 


Wilson  (Beau),  noticed,  400. 

Wylie  (Charles)  on  "  The  Little  Whig,"  49. 

Wilson  (Joshua)  on  Rev.  Thomas  Crane,  257. 

Wynen  (J.  V.)  on  Cobbett's  tomb,  317. 

Hotham  (Rev.  Charles),  278. 

Moor  Park  legend,  405. 

Winchester  and  imperial  bushel,  131. 

Winchester,  epitaphs  at,  64.  195. ;  St.  Cross's  Hospital, 

450. 
Wind,  varies  in  different  countries,  370. 

X. 

Winds,  the  trade,  decrease  in  force,  139. 

X.  on  Culme  family  of  Devonshire,  330, 

Winter  assizes,  87. 

Near-sightedness,  236. 

Winthrop  (Wm.)  Malta,  on  beans  for  voting,  408. 

Serjeant-trumpeter,  411. 

Burning  the  dead,  296. 

Shakspeare's  "  mortal  coil,"  284. 

Canard,  origin  of  the  word,  370. 

Xenophon's  Anabasis,  lib.  i.  cap.  6.,  267. 

Christian  bell  at  Bulgaria,  326. 

XL.  on  fleur-de-lis,  510. 

Cock-fighting,  its  origin,  8. 

X.  (W.)  on  punishment  for  striking  in  the  King's  Court, 

Connecticut  charter  oak,  386. 

59. 

Foreign  Journals  and  Reviews,  348. 

"  Gone  to  Jericho,"  330. 

Y. 

Instrument  of  torture,  109. 

Marriage,  a  church  service,  387. 

Yellow  for  mourning,  452. 

Raven  superstition,  325. 

Yeowell  (James)  on  Sir  John  Danvers,  449. 

Walton's  Polyglott  Bible,  275. 

Duke  of  Richmond's  recantation  of  Popery,  51. 

Wintoun  (Earl  of),  publication  of  his  trial,  402. 

Herbert's  letter  to  Bishop  Andrewes,  350. 

W.  (J.  K.  R.)  on  "  Call  me  no*  pale,  but  fair,"  497. 

Hops,  a  wicked  weed,  243. 

Mayors  re-elected,  477. 

Mihtary  dinner  party,  127. 

W.  (J.  R.)  on  "  Knowledge  and  Wisdom,"  31. 

Thurscrosse  (Dr.  Timothy),  his  library,  170. 

W.  (0.)  on  heraldry  of  the  Channel  Islands,  270. 

Y.  (J.)  on  Mrs.  Argens's  work,  352. 

Wolcot  (Dr.  John),  bribed  to  silence,  418. 

Clerkenwell,  incumbents  of  St.  James's,  309. 

Wolfe  (Rev.  C),  words  to  the  air  "  Gramachree,"  327. 

"  Hair  of  the  dog  that  bit  you,"  279. 

Wolves  eating  earth,  328. ;  extinction  in  Ireland,  120. 

Herbert  _(Geo.),  his  sinecure,  451. 

Women's  entrances  into  churches,  1 68. 

Inscription  on  an  atchievement,  26. 

Wong,  a  provincialism,  79.  237.  439. 

Kneller's  portrait  of  Shakspeare,  79. 

Woodman  (E.  F.)  on  bottles  filled  by  pressure  of  the 

Newcourt's  Repertorium,  304. 

sea,  114. 

Pope's  Letters  to  Wycherley,  1729,  345. 

Woodward  (B.  B.)  on  crooked  naves,  158. 

Pull  for  Prime,  431. 

Chilcom.be  churches,  near  Winchester,  165. 

Walpole  and  Whittington's  cat,  117. 

Worcester  diocese,  its  early  boundaries,  353. 

"  Weep  not  for  me,"  &c.,  a  Sermon,  492. 

Wordsworth  (Wm.),  his  autograph  for  ladies,  487. 

York  (New)  murder,  110. 

Worm  in  wood,  173. 

York  service  books,  37. 

Wormwood,  its  etymology,  144. 

York,  the  Lord  Dean  of,  171.  294.  397. 

Worthley  (Grace),  noticed,  497. 

Young  (Alicia  Maria),  grand-niece  of  Dr.  Walker,  her 

Wotton   (Henry),    "  Courtlie   Controversie    of    Cupid's 

petition  to  George  III.,  461. 

Cautels,"  428.  513. 

Wotton  (Dean  Nicholas),  his  MS.  Collections,  288. 

W.  (P.  A.)  on  Pope  and  Warburton,  182. 

Z. 

W.  (R.)  on  Queen  Anne's  foster-father,  276. 

Identity  of  Morgan  O'Doherty,  145. 

Z.  on  device  of  crescent  and  star,  119. 

Wray  (Daniel),  was  he  Junius  ?   164.  212. 

Zeus  on  Aristotle's  Proverbs,  118. 

Writers  bribed  to  silence,  18.  418. 

Diogenes  the  Cynic,  saying  of,  180. 

W.  (S.),  satire  on  Bp.  Warburton,  22. 

"  Pence  a  piece,"  219. 

W,  (T.)  on  a  lesson  for  laureates,  487. 

Z.  (G.  M.)  on  "  As  tight  as  Dick's  hatband,"  259. 

Germination  of  seeds,  198. 

Germination  of  seeds,  278. 

W.  (T.  H.)  on  Dr.  Clayton  and  coal  gas,  224. 

Seven  oaks  and  twelve  elms,  188. 

W.  (T.  T.)  on  the  battle  of  Brunnanburh,  229. 

Slavery  in  England,  256. 

W.  (T.  W.)  on  iEtites,  250. 

Z.  (M.  F.)  on  translation  of  Camoens,  37. 

W.  (W.)  on  the  Copernican  system,  248. 

Zooks,  its  derivation,  147. 

W  2.  ( W.)  on  Walpole  and  the  Whittingtonians,  88. 

Z.  (X.  Y.)  on  ancient  oaths,  99. 

W.  (W.  D.)  on  Daniel  Wray,  212. 

Darien  and  Equivalent  Companies,  330. 

Wycherley  (Wm.),  "  Letters  to  Alex.  Pope,"  345. 

Van  Dyck,  a  Swedish  diplomatist,  269. 

Wyld's  globe  and  Langlard's  georama,  172.  348. 

Z.  z.  on  ancient  Cheshire  games,  487. 

Wylie  (Charles)  on  "  Book  of  Knowledge,"  90. 

Receipt  for  making  the  fair  sex,  86. 

END   OF   THE   SECOND   VOLUME.  —  SECOND   SEKIES, 


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