l:l:
OFFICERS
OF THE
ARMY AND NAVY
(REGULAR)
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
EDITED BY
MAJOR WILLIAM H. POWELL, U. S. ARMY,
AND
MEDICAL-DIRECTOR EDWARD SHIPPEN, U. S. NAVY.
PUBLISHED BY
L. R. HAMERSLY & CO.,
PHILADELPHIA, PA.
I 8 0 2.
No.
762
?«1
COPYRIGHT, 1S92, BY L. R. HAMERSLV & Co.
Printed by J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia.
/
PREFACE.
The thought which inspired the publication of this volume was that of gathering together, in
one work, the faces and life-sketches of as many as possible of the officers of the Regular Army
and Navy who served during the Civil War, not that they themselves might view their own pictures
and records, but that future generations might read with pride of the part their ancestors played,
and look with pleasure on the faces of those who acted in the great tragedy for the preservation
of our noble and powerful republic, at a time when its existence as a single government seemed
about to terminate.
The volume contains not only the pictures and sketches of the greatest of our generals and
admirals, but those of men who did their part in the great struggle, whether with sword or
rifle, although of a minor character, and who will feel proud of occupying places beside those
of such great distinction as Grant, Farragut, Sherman, Porter, Sheridan, and others.
Old comrades, who have not met for years, will also be pleased to see how Time is dealing
with the living, and will gaze with fondness on the faces of those who no longer respond to the
bugle's call, or have sailed to "unknown seas."
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY
(REGULAR)
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
REAR-ADMIRAL JAMES ALDEN, U.S.N.
Iames Alden was born in Maine. Appointed mid-
shipman from same State April i, [828. Promoted to
passed midshipman June 14, 1834; Navy- Yard, Boston,
1835; exploring expedition around the world 1838-42.
Commissioned as lieutenant February 25, 1841 ; Naval
Station, Boston, 1843 ; frigate " Constitution," around the
world, second time, 1 844-46 ; while attached to this vessel,
commanded a boat expedition ami cut out several war-
junks from under the guns of the fort at Zuron Bay,
Cochin-China ; Home Squadron during Mexican war
present at the capture of Vera Cruz, Tuspan, and Tobasco
Naval Station, Boston, 1847; Coast Survey, 1848-60
made a reconnoissance of all the West coast. In the
winter of 1855-56, during the Indian war in Puget Sound,
volunteered with the surveying steamer "Active," to co-
operate with the army, and rendered important aid in
bringing the war to a close ; by his timely arrival in the
spring of the same year, at San Juan Island, prevented a
collision between the British naval forces and the United
States troops ; assisted in landing troops enough to hold
the island in dispute against the threatened attack of the
British. Commissioned as commander September 14,
1855 ; commanding the steamer" South Carolina," at the
commencement of the Rebellion, May, 1861 ; reinforced
Fort Pickens, while blockading Galveston, Texas; had a
fight with the batteries in the rear of the city ; while there,
captured thirteen schooners laden with merchandise;
commanded sloop " Richmond," at the passage of Forts
Jackson and St. Philip, and the engagement with Chal-
mette batteries and defences of New Orleans ; passage
of Vicksburg batteries twice; Port Hudson, 1862-63.
Commissioned as captain January 2, 1863; commanded
steam-sloop" Brooklyn," in the action with Forts Morgan
and Gaines, and the rebel gunboats in Mobile Bay ; com-
manded in two attacks on Fort Fisher. Captain Alden
took a prominent part in all the great naval battles of the
war, and was handsomely mentioned in the official re-
ports. Commissioned as commodore July 25, 1866;
commanding steam-sloop " Susquehanna," special service,
1867; commanding steam-frigate "Minnesota," special
service, 1867-68; commandant Navy-Yard, Mare Island,
California, 1868-69; chief of Bureau of Navigation and
Detail, Navy Department, 1869-71. Promoted to rear-
admiral 1 871; commanding European Squadron 1872.
Retired 1873. Died 1877.
5
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
REAR-ADMIRAL Ji >HN J. AI.MY. U.S.N.
John J. Ai \n was born in Rhode Island in [815, and
appointed a midshipman at fourteen. After a cruise in
the Mediterranean, and another on the coast of Brazil,
he was promoted passed midshipman [835. After serv-
ing in the receiving ship " New York" he was attached
to the " Cyane," in the Mediterranean, as acting-master
and navigator, for three years. In March, 1 841, he was
commissioned as lieutenant, and served in the West Indies
and on the coast of Africa. He was next attached to the
" < >hio," 74, in the Gulf of Mexico and the Pacific,
during the Mexican war. lie was at the siege ami
capture of Vera Cruz, and the capture of Tuspan. In
the latter part of the war, 1 848, he commanded one of
the forts at Mazatlan, during the occupation by the navy.
Following this came a service of five years upon the
coast survey ; and then he was ordered to command the
" Fulton," during the operations on the coast of Central
America, consequent upon General Walker's doings in
that region. Walker surrendered to Rear-Admiral Pauld-
ing on board the " Fulton," at Nicaragua. The admiral
complimented Lieutenant Almy very highly, saying,
" He performed his part of the work exceedingly well.
and is an officer who can he relied upon at all times."
Lieutenant Almy then commanded the " Fulton," in the
Paraguay Expedition, and, upon her return, was attached
to the New York Navy-Yrard. He was made commander
in April, 1861, as the civil war broke out. He was then
constantly in command on the Atlantic coast. While
commanding the " Connecticut," he captured and sent in
four noted blockade-running steamers, with valuable car-
goes. He ran ashore and destroyed four others.
Commissioned as captain March, 1865. Commanded
the "Juniata," in a cruise to the coast of Africa and the
coast of Brazil. While on the coast of Brazil he rescued
the Brazilian brig "Americo" and her crew from ship-
wreck. The service was attended with great danger, and
for it he was thanked by the Emperor of Brazil, the late
Dom Pedro. In 1868-69 Captain Almy was on ordnance
duty at Navy- Yard, New York. In December, 1869, he
was commissioned commodore, and served for two years
as chief signal officer of the navy, at Washington. Com-
missioned as rear-admiral August, 1873, and at once was
ordered to the command of the U. S. naval forces in the
Pacific. While at Panama, in October, 1873, a serious
revolution occurred. The city of Panama and the Panama
Railroad were in imminent danger of being destroyed.
Admiral Almy landed a force of men, under competent
officers, and afforded efficient protection to European as
well as American citizens, and preserved the communi-
cation intact. At that time he had only the " Pensacola"
and the " Benicia" at hand, in Panama. Passengers,
freight, and specie passed over the road without molesta-
tion ; and, when quiet was restored, Rear-Admiral Almy
received the thanks of the Panama Company, the Pacific
Mail Company, and of all the consuls and the foreign
merchants at Panama. In 1875, while in command of
the Pacific Squadron, Rear-Admiral Almy was presented
by his Majesty King Kalakaua, of the Hawaiian Islands,
with the Order of King Kamehameha I , in apprecia-
tion of courtesies and attentions bestowed upon his
Majesty during his journey to the United States, when
the king and his suite were conveyed to and fro in ves-
sels of the squadron under the rear-admiral's command.
Rear-Admiral Almy returned from his command of nearly
three years, in the Pacific, in July, 1870. In April, 1877,
he was retired, under the operation of law.
He performed, altogether, twenty-seven years and ten
months sea-service, — the largest amount, up to this time,
credited to any officer of the navy. His shore or other
duty was fourteen years and eight months.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
CAPTAIN LUTHER S. AMES.
Captain Luther S. AMEs(Second Infantry) was born in
Plattsburgh, New York, and entered the volunteer service
during the war of the Rebellion, serving as private, quar-
termaster-sergeant, and sergeant-major from September,
1 86 1 , to December, 1S63, participating in the campaigns
of the Army of the West, and was engaged in the capture
of New Madrid, Island No. 10, and Corinth, Mississippi,
and the pursuit of the rebel General Beauregard ; also the
battles of Iukaand Corinth, Mississippi, October, 1862.
He was promoted first lieutenant and made regimental
quartermaster of the Sixty-fourth Illinois Infantry, De-
cember 10, 1863. He was also acting adjutant of his
regiment during the Atlanta campaign, and was engaged
in the battles of Resaca, Dallas, Kenesaw Mountain,
Nickajack Creek, Georgia, and those in front of Atlanta
of the 22d and 28th of July, 1864.
He was promoted captain of his regiment July 17,
1864, and participated in the Atlanta campaign, being
engaged in the battle of Jonesboro', Georgia, the capture
of Atlanta, and the pursuit of the rebel General Hood
into Northern Alabama. He also participated in General
Sherman's " March to the Sea," and the Carolina cam-
paigns, being engaged at Pocotaligo, Salkehatchie River,
and the capture of Columbia, South Carolina, in February,
1865.
Captain Ames performed the duties of acting assistant
adjutant-general of the First Brigade, First Division,
Seventeenth Army Corps, from February, 1 865, and was
in the engagements at Cheraw, South Carolina, Benton-
ville, North Carolina, and the capture of Goldsboro' and
Raleigh, North Carolina, and present at the surrender of
the rebel General Johnston and his arm}'. He accom-
panied the troops on the march from Raleigh to Wash-
ington, D. C, participating in the grand review at that
place in May, 1865. He then occupied the position of
commissary of subsistence of the First Division, Seven-
teenth Corps, to Jul}- 1 1, 1865, when he was honorably
mustered out of the volunteer service, at Louisville,
Kentucky.
Captain Ames was appointed to the regular service as
a second lieutenant of the Sixteenth Infantry, to date
from May 11, 1866, but did not accept the same until
October 13, 1866, when he joined his regiment and
served as acting assistant quartermaster and acting com-
missary of subsistence at Augusta, Georgia, until October,
1867. He was employed in Georgia, Alabama, and
Florida during " reconstruction," and was transferred,
upon the consolidation of regiments, to the Second In-
fantry April 17, 1869. He was promoted first lieu-
tenant March 18, 1872, and was ordered with his regi-
ment to the Department of the Columbia in July, 1877.
While there he served as acting assistant quartermaster
and acting commissar}' of subsistence at Fort Coeur
d'Alene, Idaho, building the post, from January to Octo-
ber, 1879. Being transferred to Fort Spokane, Washing-
ton, he performed the same staff duties, and was engaged
in the construction of that post from November, 1882,
to April, 1885. He then commanded a company and the
post of Fort Townsend, Washington, from August to
November, 1885.
Captain Ames's regiment was transferred to the Depart-
ment of the Platte in July, 1886, and was stationed at
Omaha, Nebraska. While serving there he participated
in the Sioux campaign in South Dakota during the
winter of 1890-91. He was promoted captain February
27, 1887, and detailed on general recruiting service at
Albany, New York, from October 1, 1891, at which
place he is at present on duty.
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
REAR-ADMIRAL DANlhL AMMF.N. U.S.N.
Rear-Admiral Daniel Ammen comes from Swiss
lineage, but his ancestors emigrated to tin's country sev-
eral generations ago. His parents went from Botetourt
County, Virginia, to Brown County, < >hio, in 1816. The
subject of this sketch was there born May 15, 1820, and
entered the navy as a midshipman in 1836. In his book,
"The Old Navy and the New," he gives some amusing
reminiscences of his first experiences, so different from
the present day when the Naval School moulds all into
one form, at least externally.
Ammen served through the various grades to rear-
admiral, and retired in 1878, by request, under the act
authorizing such a step after forty years or more of
consecutive service. 1 lis foreign service was in the Gulf
of Mexico; on the coast of Labrador; in the Mediter-
ranean; on the survey of the river Paraguay; on the
coast of Brazil ; on the Pacific station, — anil twice on the
Asiatic station, — making twenty-one years afloat.
In his long service Admiral Ammen has passed through
many exciting and memorable scenes. During the civil
war he was executive officer of the frigate " Roanoke;"
commanded the "Seneca" in the fight at Port Royal ; at
Tybee Island ; commanded at Port Royal Ferry ; in the
expedition against Fernandina. Commander, February
21, 1863. Commanded monitor " Patapsco" against Fort
McAllister, and attack on Sumter of April 7, 1S63.
In May, 1864, Commander Ammen sailed for the
Isthmus of Panama in the California passenger steamer
" Ocean Queen" with a draft of two hundred and twenty
seamen for the Pacific station. An organized mutiny by
these men occurred on board a steamer with women and
children on board, and a full passenger-list; but Com-
mander Ammen, assisted by Boatswain Bell, the only aid
assigned him, and with the excellent co-operation of the
captain of the " ( )cean Queen," Tinklepaugh, put a sudden
stop to the business. Commander Ammen shot one of
the leading mutineers, and another was killed by his
assistants in the repression of the mutiny. At the close
of the civil war Captain Ammen designed the "Ammen
balsa," for landing troops and field artillery on exposed
beaches, and also a life-raft for steamers. As Chief of
the Bureau of Navigation he had a signal-book com-
piled, of great excellence; and promoted the use of the
dynamometer of Sir William Thomson, improved by the
present Admiral Belknap, which, with the use of wire,
instead of hemp, enabled correct soundings to be made
in the deepest seas. Some years ago a Naval Advisory
Hoard recommended the adoption of Admiral Ammen's
plans and calculations for a marine ram, and, under a
recent appropriation, one is now read)- for launching, at
Path, Maine. When President Grant, in 1872, appointed
a commission to examine into, and report upon, Isthmian
Canal matters, Ammen was made the junior member.
The committee reported in 1876, quite satisfied that the
Nicaragua Canal route was preferable to any other.
Further developments have only served to increase the
estimate of its commercial value, and in regard to its
economic maintenance. Under instructions from Presi-
dent Hayes, Ammen attended the (so-called) Paris Canal
Congress, in May, 1879, a report of the proceedings of
which he made to the State Department. In 1880 he
wrote an article on the Panama Canal, which was pub-
lished in the North American Review, contesting the po-
sition of M. de Lesseps in his article upon the subject
in the previous number. The correctness of Ammen's
assertions time has established. In January, 1890, Ad-
miral Ammen visited Nicaragua, and was received there,
by all parties and persons, with distinguished attention.
In all his exertions in behalf of the construction of the
canal there, he has endeavored to secure a rigid and honest
management, and to protect both the government and the
canal company against stock-gamblers and other persons
disposed to make prey of it. Admiral Ammen is the au-
thor of" The Atlantic Coast during the Civil War" (Serib-
ner's War Series), ami " The Old Navy and the New" (Lip-
pincott, Philadelphia), which is a history of the progressive
changes in naval architecture, armament, and propulsion
during the past half-century. It has an appendix con-
taining a number of most interesting letters from General
Grant, written while the latter was making the tour of the
world. Admiral Ammen and General Grant were neigh-
bors in boyhood, and always remained friends, widely as
their paths in life diverged. When mere lads, Ammen
saved Grant from drowning, and, years after, General
Grant, in writing to Ammen from Nice, December, 1877,
speaks of the incident, saying, jocosely, "... you res-
cued me from a watery grave. I am of a forgiving nature,
however, and forgive you, — but is the feeling universal ?
If the Democrats get into full power, may they not hold
you responsible ? "
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
CAPTAIN JOHN ANDERSON.
Captain John Anderson (Eighteenth Infantry) was
born in Monson, Massachusetts, and entered the military
service as a private in Company E, of the First Michigan
Sharpshooters, January 5, 1863, serving with that regi-
ment until appointed a second lieutenant of the Fifty-
seventh Massachusetts Volunteers, when his regiment
was attached to the First Brigade, First Division of the
Ninth Army Corps, participating in the campaign of the
Army of the Potomac, and commanded Company E of
his regiment through the Wilderness campaign, engaging
in the battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North
Anna River, Cold Harbor, and in the charge upon the
rebel works around Petersburg, Virginia, June 16-18,
1864. He then served in the trenches before Petersburg
during the siege, and participated in the Mine Explosion,
July 30, 1864, where he was wounded.
He was discharged for disability arising from his
wounds, January 21, 1865, but was appointed second
lieutenant of the Twentieth Regiment of the Veteran
Reserve Corps, March 25, 1865, serving at Wheeling,
West Virginia, in connection with mustering out West
Virginia volunteers to November, 1865, and in Tennessee,
Georgia, and South Carolina during " reconstruction,"
until honorably mustered out of the volunteer service, ;
June 30, 1866.
He was brevetted a first lieutenant of volunteers, March
13th, 1865, for gallant ami meritorious services in the
battles before Petersburg, and a captain of the same date
for the same occasion.
Captain Anderson entered the regular service by ap-
pointment as second lieutenant of the Twenty-fifth U. S.
Infantry, August IO, 1867, and served as quartermaster
and commissary at Columbia, Newberry, and Greenville,
South Carolina, and was transferred to the Eighteenth
Infantry, April 26, 1869. He was promoted first lieu-
tenant, October 17, 1878, and served in his regiment
until April, 1879, when he moved with it to Fort Assin-
aboine, Montana, participating in the campaign in North-
ern Montana against Sioux Indians under Sitting Bull
and Gall, during the months of January and February,
1881. His regiment was transferred to the Indian Terri-
tory in [885, and while on duty at Fort Gibson he was
made regimental quartermaster, to date from November,
1889.
The regiment subsequently moved to Texas, and he
was stationed with the head-quarters at Fort Clark until
promoted a captain, June 21, 1890, when he was relieved
as quartermaster and joined his company.
IO
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD XAVY [Regular)
BRIGADIER AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL
ROBERT ANDERSON.
Brigadier and Brevet Major-General Robert An-
derson (deceased) was born in Kentucky, and graduated
at the Military Academy, July i, 1825. He was pro-
moted brevet second lieutenant and second lieutenant
Third Artillery the same day. lie served as private
secretary to the U. S. Minister Plenipotentiary and Envoy
Extraordinary to the Republic of Columbia from October,
1825, to July, 1826, when he was ordered to the Artillery
School at Fort Monroe, remaining there until 1828, and
on ordnance duty to May 9, 1832. He was then ap-
pointed colonel of staff (assistant inspector-general) of
Illinois volunteers, and was in the campaign against the
Sac Indians, under Black Hawk, being engaged in the
battle of Bad Axe, August 2, 1832. He was promoted
first lieutenant, June 30, 1833, and was in garrison at
Fort Constitution, New Hampshire, until 1 S 3 5 , when he
was detailed at the Military Academy, as assistant in-
structor of artillery, to December, 1835, and instructor of
artillery to November 6, 1 837.
Lieutenant Anderson participated in the Florida War
against the Seminole Indians in 1837-38, and was engaged
in the action of Locha-Hatchee, January 24. capture of
forty-five Indians near Fort Lauderdale (in command),
April 2, and skirmish in the Everglades, April 24, 1838,
for which services he was brevetted captain.
Captain Anderson served in the Cherokee Nation, as
aide-de-camp to Major-General Scott, from May to July,
1838, while emigrating the Indians to the West. I le was
brevet captain of staff (assistant adjutant-general), from
July 7, [838, to November 30, 1841, and served as
such in the eastern department. He was promoted cap-
tain Third Artillery, October 23, 1841, and was on a
board of officers to examine his translation of " Instruc-
tions for Field- Artillery" to 1845, and then was stationed
in South Carolina and Florida until the commencement of
the war with Mexico, in which he participated, and was
engaged in the siege of Vera Cruz, battle of Cerro Gordo,
skirmish of Amazoque, and battle of Molino del Rey,
September 8, 1S47, where he was severely wounded in
the assault of the enemy's work's, and on account of
wounds was granted sick-leave until 1848, when we find
him on duty at Fort Preble, Maine. He was a member
of a board of officers, in 1849-51, to devise "A Com-
plete System of Instruction for Siege, Garrison, Sea-coast,
ami Mountain Artillery," which was adopted Ma)- IO,
185 1, for the service of the United States.
Captain Anderson was brevetted major, for " gallant
and meritorious conduct in the battle of Molino del Rey,
Mexico." He was governor of the Harrodsburg Branch
Military Asylum, Kentucky, in 1853-54; member ofboard
for the armament of fortifications, 1854-55 ; inspector of
iron-work manufactured at Trenton, New Jersey, for pub-
lic buildings constructed under the Treasury Department,
1855-59; member of a board to arrange the programme
of instruction at the Artillery School for Practice at Fort
Monroe, Virginia, in 1859-60, and of the commission
created to examine into the organization, system of dis-
cipline, and course of instruction at the Military Academy,
to December 13, i860, when he was ordered, as major
of the First Artillery, to the command of the defences
of Charleston Harbor, South Carolina.
At the commencement of the war of the Rebellion,
Major Anderson transferred his garrison from Fort Moul-
trie to Fort Sumter, which was the first point of attack
by the rebels, April 13, 1861. He sustained a heavy
bombardment of the work, whose walls were crushed,
interior buildings and quarters burned, and was so dis-
mantled as to compel him to evacuate it. He was made
brigadier-general U. S. Army, May 15, 1861, and placed
in command of the Department of Kentucky, and subse-
quently of the Department of the Cumberland, which he
retained until October 8, 1861. He was then on waiting
orders until 1S63, when he was given command of Fort
Adams, Rhode Island, and on the 27th of October, 1S63,
he was retired from active service, for disability resulting
from long and faithful service, and wounds and disease
contracted in the line of duty.
General Anderson was brevetted major-general U. S.
Army, February 3, 1865, for "gallant and meritorious
service in defence of Fort Sumter, South Carolina."
General Anderson served, alter being retired, on the
staff of the general commanding the Department of the
F.ast, and died October 26, 1S71.
General Anderson translated from the French " Instruc-
tions for Field-Artillery, Horse and Foot," for the ser-
vice of the United States, in 1840 ; and " Evolutions of
Field-Batteries," i860.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
\ i
COLONEL THOMAS M. ANDERSON.
Colonel Thomas M. Anderson (Fourteenth Infantry)
was born in Ohio, January 21, 1836. At the commence-
ment of the war of the Rebellion he entered the military
service as private of Company A, Sixth Ohio Infantry,
April 20, 1861. He was discharged May 15, 1861, to
accept the appointment of second lieutenant in the Second
U. S. Cavalry, to date from May 7, 1861, but was in the
mean time appointed a captain in the Twelfth U. S. Infantry,
to date from May 14, 1861, which latter appointment,
however, he did not accept until October 8, 1861. He
was in the field with Pope's army and participated in the
Cedar Mountain and second Bull Run campaigns, and
was engaged in the battles of Cedar Mountain and second
Bull Run ; in the Maryland campaign, and engaged in the
battle of Antietam, Maryland ; in the Rappahannock
campaign, and engaged in the battles of Fredericksburg
and Chancellorsville, Virginia ; in the Wilderness cam-
paign of 1864, commanding the Twelfth Infantry, and
engaged in the battles of the Wilderness, Laurel Hill,
and Spottsylvania Court-House, Virginia, at which latter
place he was severely wounded and compelled to leave
the field.
Upon his recovery for light duty, Colonel Anderson
was occupied in organizing the First Battalion of the In-
valid Corps. He also organized and mustered into ser-
vice several regiments from rebel prisoners, known as
the repentant rebel regiments, and mustered out sixteen
thousand paroled prisoners at Camp Chase, Ohio.
At the conclusion of the war, he was brevetted major,
August 1, 1864, "for gallant service in the battle of the
Wilderness;" lieutenant-colonel, August 1, 1864, "for
gallant services in the battle of Spottsylvania."
When the army was reorganized in 1866, Colonel
Anderson was transferred to the Twenty-first Infantry,
and was promoted major, March 26, 1S6S. He was then
ordered to Texas, and served at Fort Mcintosh and Ring-
gold Barracks, from August, 1869, to September, 1872,
during which time he acted as attorney for the United
States in the Mexican cattle-claims cases on the Rio Grande.
In 1872 he was ordered to Vicksburg, Mississippi, and
while there was disbursing officer for the United States
until 1874.
In the consolidation of regiments in 1869, Colonel
Anderson was unassigned from March 15 to June 24,
1869, when he was assigned to the Tenth Infantry, and
was second in command during MacKenzie's Kiowa
campaign, in 1874. He was in command of Fort Mc-
Kavett in 1876, and of the Tenth Infantry in 1877-7S.
He was then ordered on general recruiting service as
commandant of Columbus Barracks, Ohio, where he
remained until October, 1880.
Having been promoted lieutenant-colonel of the Ninth
Infantry, March 20, 1879, he joined that regiment in
Nebraska, and was in command of it from February, 1882,
to June, 1883, at which time he was ordered to Fort Mc-
Kinney, Wyoming, serving at that post, as well as at
Forts Russell and Bridger, to 1885. He was then ordered
in command of a battalion of the Ninth Infantry to Cris-
field, Kansas, in the summer of 1885, at a prospective
outbreak of Indians in the Indian Territory. Colonel
Anderson was also on an expedition, sent to Evanston,
Union Pacific Railroad, to protect Chinamen, during
September and October of that year.
He was promoted colonel of the Fourteenth Infantry,
September 6, 18S6, and joined his regiment at Vancouver
Barracks, Washington, where he has held station to the
present time.
Colonel Anderson is the grandson of Brigadier-General
Duncan McArthur, second in command to General Har-
rison in the Army of the Northwest during the war of
1812; his other grandfather was a lieutenant-colonel in
the Continental army. He is, himself, the nephew of
General Robert Anderson, of Fort Sumter fame.
12
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY [regular)
COLONEL GEORGE LIPPITT ANDREWS.
Colonel George Lippitt Andrews (Twenty-fifth In-
fantry) was born in Rhode Island, April 22, [828. He
was a private in the Fifth Ward City Guards at Provi-
dence, Rhode Island, during Dorr's Rebellion of 1842,
and a private in the Providence Marine Corps of Artillery
in 1S44. He became a sergeant in the same in 1847,
major fn>m 1N4N t,. [852, and colonel (commandant) from
1853 to 1856. He was then made captain and commis-
sary of the Second Brigade, Rhode Island militia, which
he retained until appointed captain and quartermaster of
the same troops. Removing to St. Louis, Missouri, he
entered the militia service there as captain of Company
P, Engineer Battalion, in 1S60, and engaged in the
Southwest expedition.
At the commencement of the war of the Rebellion,
Captain Andrews, as a militia officer of the State of Mis-
souri, was censured by the then governor of that State
(Jackson) and the general of the First Military District
for his fealty to the Union in preference to the State, " in
case of a conflict between the State of Missouri and said
government," which was considered "to amount to mili-
tary insubordination in advance, and to be inconsistent
with the law," to which Captain Andrews replied, under
date of February 12, 1 86 1 , as follows :
"Finding my name has been brought to the notice
of the public in a manner calculated to increase the
bitterness of feeling now existing, and in the hope that
positive information will do less harm than uncertain
speculation, I herewith enclose copies of documents re-
ceived by me on the I ith instant, with the request that
they may find a place in the columns of your paper.
" I do not believe in mental reservations or quibbles of
any description, particularly in connection with taking
an oath; and when I swore to ' honestly and faithfully
serve the State of Missouri against all her enemies, and
that you will do your utmost to sustain the Constitution
and laws of the United States, and of this State, against
all violence of whatever kind and description; and you
do further swear that you will well and truly execute and
obey the legal orders of all officers properly placed over
you, whilst on duty ; so help you God,' — I did so in good
faith, with a full, realizing sense of the moral and consti-
tutional obligations I assumed. I still occupy the same
position, and shall ever be found read}- and willing to do
my p. irt to sustain ' the Constitution, the Union, and the
enforcement of the laws.
" Respectfully yours,
" Geo. L. Andrews.
"St. Louis, February 12, 1861."
Captain Andrews was appointed lieutenant-colonel of
the First Missouri Infantry, April 24, 1861, and was en-
gaged at Camp Jackson, Booneville (of which he was
military governor), Dug Spring, and McCullough's
Store; and commanded the Second Brigade of General
Lyon's column at the battle of Wilson's Creek, where he
was wounded and his horse shot under him. He was
appointed lieutenant-colonel of the First Missouri Light
Artillery, September 1, 1861, and was discharged from the
volunteer service September 5, of the same year, to enter
the regular service, — he having been appointed major of
the Seventeenth U. S. Infantry May 14, but did not receive
the appointment until September 5. He joined his regi-
ment at Fort Preble, Maine, where he remained until
March, 1862, when he was ordered to the field with the
Arm_\- of the Potomac, and his regiment became part of
the Second Brigade, Second Division (regular) of the
Fifth Arm}- Corps. He participated in the operations
and campaigns of the Arm}- of the Potomac of 1862-63,
and was engaged at the siege of Yorktown, battles of
Gaines' Mill, Malvern Hill, Second Bull Run, Antietam,
reconnoissances across the Potomac River below Sharps-
burg, to Leetown, Snicker's Gap, battle of Fredericks-
burg, where he commanded the Second Brigade of reg-
ular infantry, and battle of Chancellorsville, Virginia.
He was then ordered on regimental recruiting service at
Fort Preble, Maine, and subsequently changed to New-
port Barracks, Kentucky, October 14, 1864, on being
promoted lieutenant-colonel of the Thirteenth Infantry.
Colonel Andrews received the brevets of lieutenant-
colonel for Second Bull Run and colonel for Antietam,
" for gallant and meritorious services," and was promoted
colonel of the Twenty-fifth Infantry, January 1, 1871.
Since the close of the war he has been stationed in
various parts of the country with his regiment, experi-
encing all the details of frontier life, such as falls to the
lot of an army officer. His present station is with his
regiment at Fort Missoula. Montana.
I
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
13
COLONEL ABRAHAM K. ARNOLD.
Colonel Abraham K. Arnold (First Cavalry) was
born in Pennsylvania, March 24, 1837. Retiring year,
1901 ; graduated from U. S. Military Academy, July 1,
1859. Actual Rank. — Brevet second lieutenant Fifth
(old Second) Cavalry, July 1, 1859; second lieutenant,
June 28, i860; first lieutenant, April 6, 1861 ; captain,
July 17, 1S62 ; major Sixth Cavalry, June 22, 1869; lieu-
tenant-colonel First Cavalry, June II, 1886, and colonel,
February 7, 1891. Brevet Ran/:. — Brevet captain, June
27, 1862, for gallant and meritorious service in the battle
of Gaines' Mill, Virginia; brevet major, May 6, 1864, for
gallant and meritorious service at the battle of Todd's Tav-
ern, Virginia. Honorably Mentioned. — In the " Records of
the Rebellion," Tart I., Vol. XL, pp. 6S4, 86, 88, 691, 92,
711, 12, and 1007 ; Part II., Vol. XL, page 47, as far as
published. Service. — In i860 conducted a detachment of
recruits from New York by sea to Indianola ; marched by
way of San Antonio to Fort Inge, Texas ; joined Decem-
ber 2, in the field, 1S61 ; marched from Fort Inge, March
19, i86i,for sea-coast; embarked at Indianola, on steam-
ship "Empire City," just in time to escape capture, and
sailed for New York ; served in the defences of Wash-
ington and in the field during the winter of 1 861 and
iS62, until wounded at Gaines' Mill, which disabled him
from service until September, 1862 ; appointed mustering
and disbursing officer at New York and Boston until Sep-
tember, 1863; in the field 1863 and 1864 ; assistant in-
structor of cavalry tactics at LT. S. Military Academy from
August 23, 1864, to August 2S, 1869; served at Fort
Brown and Waco, and at Fort Richardson, Texas, and in
Kansas from June 18, 1 870, until September, 1872, on
garrison and field duties; appointed a disbursing officer
in the Freedmen's Bureau and served at New Orleans,
Louisiana, until November, 1S78; on duty in the West
and South, part of the time in the field, from 1879 to 1892.
Staff Positions Occupied. — Adjutant, assistant commissary
of subsistence, acting assistant quartermaster at Fort Inge,
Texas, winter and spring of 1 S60-6 1 ; adj utant of his regi-
ment June I, 1 86 1 ; resigned May 9, 1862; acting in-
spector-general Department of Arizona from November,
1 8S0, to August 2, 1884; acting assistant adjutant-general
in the field during the Cibicu campaign of 1 88 1. Battles.
Skirmishes, Etc. — Operations against hostile Indians in
Texas, winter and spring of 1860-61 ; participated in
General Patterson's Shenandoah campaign ; was engaged
in the action at Falling Waters, and in the skirmishes near !
Martinsburg and Bunker Hill ; in the defences of Wash-
ington during the winter of 1861-62 ; participated in the
Manassas and Virginia Peninsula campaigns, and engaged
in the siege of Yorktown, the battle of Williamsburg, and
almost daily skirmishes during the advance towards Rich-
mond ; engaged with the enemy at the Hanover Court-
House ; participated in the reconnoissance towards Ash-
land; severely wounded in the disastrous charge at
Gaines' Mill ; engaged in the combat at Bristoe Station,
the operations at Mine Run, in the raid and action at
Charlottesville, the action at Stannardsville, the skirmish
near Morton's Ford, the battle of Todd's Tavern and
Meadow Bridge, the skirmish near Mechanicsville, the
battles of Cold Harbor and Trevilian Station; and
marched to the relief of General Wilson at Ream's Sta-
tion, when that officer made his raid on the South Side
Railroad. Commanding field operations in Southeastern
Arizona against hostile Apaches, raiding in New Mexico,
spring of 1S79; served with an expedition into old
Mexico, in the neighborhood of Lake Guzman, and co-
operated with the forces in New Mexico and Mexican
troops, which resulted in destroying a large band of sav-
ages', until October, 1879; in the field during the Cibicu
campaign in Arizona, 1 881; against the disaffected
Crows, November, 1887, in combat which resulted in
killing their chief and bringing them to terms. Com-
mands Held. — Commanded company during the last tour
of field service performed in Texas by any part of regi-
ment, 1861 ; in command of company May 9, 1862; in
command of the regiment almost continuously from Oc-
tober 12, 1863, to July 24, 1864; in command of field
operations in Southeastern Arizona from the spring until
October, 1879; Fort Grant, Arizona, until November,
1880; Fort Bayard, New Mexico, and regiment until
April 17, 1885 ; battalion of regiment in the field,
November, 1 887; post of Fort Maginnis, Montana,
November 1, 188S, to March 4, 1889; Fort Custer, Mon-
tana, and First Cavalry, until September 25, 1889. His-
tory.— Grandson of Captain P. P. Walter, Thirty-second
U. S. Infantry, War of 1812, and grandson of Peter
Arnold, a soldier of the Revolutionary War.
14
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY recvlar,
MAJI >K ISAAC ARNOLD. JR.
Major Isaac Arnold, Jr., (Ordnance Department)
was born in Connecticut and graduated from the Military
Academy, June 17, 1862. He was promoted second
lieutenant of the Second Artillery the same date and
was assigned to Battery F. He joined Batten- K, Fourth
Artillery, at Harrison's Landing, Virginia, and served
with the same in the Army of the Potomac until after
the battle of Chancellorsville, and was present at the fol-
lowing engagements: Second Malvern Hill, Chantilly,
Fredericksburg, and Chancellorsville, and was wounded
at the latter place.
He was transferred to the Ordnance Corps, April 27,
1863. but did not receive notice of transfer until after
the battle of Chancellorsville. Having been promoted
first lieutenant, April 27, 1S63, he served at Washing-
ton Arsenal, District of Columbia, until about January
1. 1S64. when he was transferred to St. Louis Arsenal,
Missouri. From that point he was detached in the
spring of 1864 anil sent to Springfield, Illinois, to arm the
one-hundred-day men. After three or four months he-
was relieved from that duty and ordered to Hilton Head.
South Carolina, where he served as chief ordnance
officer of the Department of the South until the close
of the war.
Lieutenant Arnold served a short time as assistant
at Allegheny Arsenal, Pennsylvania, and was then as-
signed to the command of the San Antonio Arsenal,
Texas, and chief ordnance officer of the Department
of Texas ; was promoted captain of ordnance, March 7,
1S67. From Texas he was ordered to Springfield
Armory, Massachusetts, as an assistant, and moved
from there to Allegheny Arsenal, Pennsylvania. He
then took six months' leave of absence, mi expiration of
which he was ordered to Benicia Arsenal, California;
being promoted major of ordnance, May 29, 1879, he
was ordered to Indianapolis Arsenal, where he remained
about eight years, and was then sent to command
San Antonio Arsenal, Texas, and was chief ordnance
officer, Department of Texas, per S. O. 236 and 261,
respectively, H. O. A. 1SS3. rem. lining there four years;
he was then sent to Fort Monroe Arsenal, Virginia, per
S. ( ). 223, II. Q. A. 1S87, where he was stationed fortwo
years, and then assumed command of Columbia Arsenal,
December 1, 1889, per S. O. 272, H. Q. A. iSSy, where
he is at present.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
15
BRIGADIER-GENERAL AND BREVET MAJOR-
GENERAL CHRISTOPHER C. AUGUR.
Brigadier-General and Brevet Major-General
Christopher C. Augur was born in Kendall, Orleans
Count}', New York, July 10, 1 <S 2 1 . His father dying
when he was young, he went with his mother, in 1835,
to friends in Michigan, and in 1839 was appointed a
cadet to the U. S. Military Academy from that State.
Graduated in 1843, and assigned a brevet second lieutenant
to the Second Infantry. Served in that regiment until
September, 1849, when promoted second lieutenant to
Fourth Infantry, then serving with the " Army of Occupa-
tion," commanded by General Zachary Taylor, at Corpus
Christi, Texas. Went with that army to the Rio Grande,
and participated in all its operations, including battles of
Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma, and the capture and
occupation of Matamoras, Mexico. Two companies of
each regiment were here broken up, including his own
company, and the officers sent North, recruiting. In
March, 1847, he returned to Mexico as aide-de-camp to
General I lopping. After that general's death went to the
City of Mexico as aide-de-camp to General dishing, and
served with him until the end of the war. Then joined his
regiment at Pascagoula, Mississippi, and went with it to
Fort Niagara, New York. Remained there until July,
1852, when ordered with regiment to Pacific coast. Pro-
moted to captain in August, 1852. Stationed at Fort Van-
couver until February, 1856. Was in campaign against
Yakima Indians in fall of 1855. In February, 1S56, went
to Port Orford, Oregon, against Rogue River and other hos-
tile Indians in that vicinity. Engaged with Indians at Big
Bend of Rogue River, and at Macanootney Hill. After
campaign closed took first detachment of Indians by sea
to Siletz Reservation. Established Fort Hoskins, Kings
Valley, Oregon, in 1856. Commanded that post until
July 1, 861 , when ordered with company to California.
At San Francisco, found himself a major in the Thirteenth
Infantry. Arrived in New York, he found orders sending
him to West Point as commandant of cadets. Novem-
ber 14, 1 861, was appointed a brigadier-general of volun-
teers. Joined new brigade in McDowell's division in
Washington, D. C. Moved to front with Army of Po-
tomac in March, 1862. Brought up at Catlett's Station,
Virginia. In April, 1862, was sent with his brigade to
capture Fredericksburg, Virginia, April 19, 1862. Was
successful. In July promoted to division in Banks's corps
operating about Little Washington, Virginia. Was in
battle of Cedar Mountain, Virginia, August 9, 1862,
where he was severely wounded. Was brevetted a colonel
in the regular army, and appointed a major-general of
volunteers for this battle. When able for duty, was put
on court of inquiry to investigate surrender of Harper's
Ferry. Then applied for orders for the field, and was sent
to report to General McClellan, then with his army at
Warrenton, Virginia, and was assigned to command First
Division First Army Corps. Received orders next day to
report to General Banks. Accompanied him to New
Orleans, and commanded district of Baton Rouge until
advance upon Port Hudson. During siege commanded
left wing of army. After surrender of Port Hudson,
went North on sick leave in Jul)', 1 863. Was made presi-
dent of military commission in Washington, D. C. While
on that duty was assigned temporarily to command of
the Department of Washington and Twenty-second Army
Corps in October, 1863. Remained in that command
until August, 1866. In September, 1866, appointed presi-
dent of board to examine newly-appointed officers. Jan-
uary, 1867, was assigned to command of Department of
the Platte, and remained there until assigned to command
of Department of Texas in December, 1871, having in
March, 1869, been appointed a brigadier-general in the
regular service. Commanded the Department of Texas
until March, 1S75, when assigned to command Depart-
ment of Gulf, at New Orleans. Commanded there until
July, 1878, when that department was consolidated with
Department of the South. Was assigned to command
that department, head-quarters at Newport, Kentucky.
Commanded that department until December, 18S0, when
again assigned to command Department of Texas. In
October, 1883, was assigned to command Department of
Missouri, head-quarters at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas.
Commanded that department until July 10, 1883, when re-
tired for age, after commanding important military de-
partments continuously for twenty-two years, with the
exception of four months. Since retirement has resided
in Washington, D. C.
i6
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY regular)
CAPTAIN WILLIAM AUMAN.
Captain William Auman (Thirteenth Infantry) was
born October 17, 1838, in Berks Count}-, Pennsylvania.
His father, Henry Auman, who was a non-commissioned
officer in a Pennsylvania regiment in the war of 1812-14,
removed to Union County, Pennsylvania, and again
moved to Pottsville, in 1848. At the age of eighteen
Captain Auman entered a general merchandise store in
Pottsville as salesman, and continued in this occupation
until the call of President Lincoln for troops in 1861,
when he joined a local militia company (Washington Artil-
lery), which had tendered its services to the government.
The company left Pottsville on the 17th of April, 1S61,
and arrived at Harrisburg that evening. Early the next
morning that company, with four others from the State,
were sworn into the service of the United States, and left
immediately (unarmed) for the national capital. At Bal-
timore these troops were surrounded by a howling mob
of Secessionists. Tin eats and insults were heaped upon
them, and some were injured by being struck with stones
while marching through the streets. But as the mob
was not organized, these unarmed troops managed to get
through without loss of life, and arrived at Washington
that evening, where they were temporarily quartered in
tile Capitol building. This was the day before the Sixth
Massachusetts had their fight in Baltimore. After serv-
ing at Washington City and Fort Washington, Mary-
land, until July 29, 1861, Company H, Twenty-fifth
Pennsylvania Volunteers, of which Captain Auman was
a member, was honorably mustered out of service. But
on the gth of September, 1861, he enlisted in Company
G, Forty-eighth Pennsylvania Infantry, and was ap-
pointed a corporal same date. He was promoted ser-
geant in the summer of 1S62, second lieutenant of his
company June 2S, 1864, first lieutenant July 2^, 1S64,
and captain March 3. 1865 ; and was brevetted captain
of U. S. Volunteers, " for gallant and meritorious services
before Petersburg, Virginia."
Captain Auman participated with his regiment in the
battles of Fredericksburg, Virginia, Campbell's Station.
Blue Springs, and siege of Knoxville, Tennessee. He
was also engaged in the battle of the Wilderness, Spottsyl-
vania, Tolepotomy, Bethesda Church, North Anna, Cold
Harbor, ami seven of the battles around Petersburg.
At the capture of Petersburg, April 2, 1865, while on
the enemy's works, he was severely wounded in the face,
having all the teeth on the left side of his upper jaw shot
. away, and his tongue so severely cut that he was unable
to take any food for a number of days. ( )n the eleventh
day after he was wounded, a portion of the bullet was
removed from his tongue. As soon as this was done he
recovered rapidly, and soon afterwards he rejoined his
regiment, and was mustered out with his company, July
17, 1865.
For his services in the war he was, on the I Ith of May,
1866, commissioned second lieutenant of the Thirteenth
■ U. S. Infantry; was promoted first lieutenant October 5,
1 868, and captain March 26, 1879.
During a demonstration made by Crow Indians on the
post of Camp Cook', Montana, May 17, 1868, he was
severely wounded in the left foot. He served as regi-
mental quartermaster from January 1, 1870, to August
1, 1871.
Captain Auman's service in the West has carried him
to many different stations, his present one being Fort
Supply, Indian Territory.
He received a medal of honor from the State of Penn-
sylvania for service as " First Defender of the National
Capital, 1 86 1."
WHO SERVED IN THE CIV IE WAR.
CAPTAIN AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL
WM. W. AVERELL,
Captain and Brevet M ajor-General Wm. W.
Avekell (retired) was born in New York and graduated
from the Military Academy July i, 1855. He was
promoted brevet second lieutenant of the Mounted
Rifles same day, and served at Jefferson Barracks,
Missouri, until 1856, when lie was ordered to the School
fir Practice at Carlisle, Pennsylvania, having been pro-
moted second lieutenant Mounted Riflemen May 1,
1856. In 1857 he was on frontier duty, in command ol
an escort to the commanding general of the Depart-
ment of New Mexico, and the same year was scouting,
from Fort Craig, and engaged in a skirmish with Kiowa
Indians near Fort Craig, December 7, 1S57. He was on
the Navajo expedition in 1858, ami engaged in a skirmish
in Chusca Valley, September 29; a skirmish with Kya-
tano's band, October I ; and skirmish at the Puerco of
the West, October 8, 1858, where he was severely
wounded in a night attack on the soldiers' camp. He
was at Fort Craig until granted a sick leave, which sepa-
rated him from his duties until 1861.
Lieutenant Averell was bearer of despatches to Colonel
Emory, at Fort Arbuckle, Indian Territory, April and
May, 1 861, and on returning to Washington he was then
promoted first lieutenant Third Cavalry. He was de-
tailed on mustering duty at Elmira, New York', to July,
when he was made acting assistant adjutant-general oi
General A. Porter, at Washington, participating in the
Manassas campaign, and engaged at the battle of First
Bull Run, July 21, 1S61.
Having been appointed colonel of the Third Pennsyl-
vania Cavalry, August 13, 1861, he was in command oi
a cavalry brigade in front of the defences of Washington
(which was the first cavalry brigade of the war) to March,
1862, when he led the advance on Manassas, and subse-
quently participated in the Peninsula campaign, being
engaged in the siege of Yorktown, battles of Williams
burg, Fair Oaks, Malvern Hill, where he commanded
the rear guard (see "Battles and Leaders of the War"),
and skirmishes at Sycamore Church, August 2, and at
White Oak Swamp, August 5, 1862. On the 17th of
July, 1862, he was promoted captain Third Cavalry.
Appointed brigadier-general of volunteers September
26, 1862. He was engaged in scouting and skirmishing
on the Upper Potomac until the 31st of October, when
he participated in the march back to the Rappahannock
River, being engaged, en route, in skirmishes along the
Blue Ridge, at Upperville, Markam, Corbins' and Gaines'
Cross Roads, and Amissville. lie then participated in
the Rappahannock campaign of 1862-63, and was en-
gaged in the battle of Fredericksburg, and as com-
mander of the Second Cavalry Division in the skirmish
3
at I [artwood Church, action at Kelly's Ford, the first con-
siderable cavalry battles of the war. lie commanded
one of the two di\ isions of cavalry engaged in the Stone-
man raid, and drove the enemy's cavalry towards Gor-
donsville, while Buford with Stoneman reached the
enemy's rear.
General Averell was placed in command of the
Fourth Separate Brigade May 16, 1863, and commanded
in all the engagements of the brigade, which was increased
to a division of three brigades cavalry and one infantry,
in the West Virginia operations, defeating the intrenched
rebel army o( West Virginia at Droop Mountain, and
driving the enemy out of the State. In the winter of
1863-64 he made the raid to the Tennessee Railroad,
destroying it and General Longstreet's supplies, from
December 8 to 25, 1X63. He was in the West Virginia
operations, commanding the Second Cavalry Division,
in 1X64, commanding in all the actions and combats,
raids and skirmishes, and defeated Ramseur's division
at Carter's Farm, July 20. He fought the combats at
Winchester and Moorfield, and skirmishes at Bunker
Hill and Martinsburg, and participated in the battles of
Opequan and Fisher's Hill, and action at Mount Jackson,
September 23, 1864.
He was brevetted for gallant and meritorious services,
as follows: Major, for the battle of Kelly's Ford, Vir-
ginia; lieutenant-colonel, for the action at Droop Moun-
tain, Virginia; colonel, for the Salem expedition in Vir-
ginia; brigadier-general, for the field during the war of
the Rebellion; major-general, for the battle of Moor-
field, Virginia. General Averell resigned from the army
May 18, 1865, and was appointed United States Consul-
General to British North America at Montreal in 1866.
By act of Congress of August 1, 18S8, he was restored
to his grade of captain in the arm)- and placed upon the
I retired list, August 17 of that year.
1 8
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY {regular)
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL R< >BERT AVERY
(retired).
Lieutenant-Colonel Robert Avery was born in
Tunkhannock, Pennsylvania, September 22, 1839- In
September, 1861, he received authority from the gov-
ernor of New York to raise a company, and in October,
1861, he was commissioned a captain of New York vol-
unteers in the service of the United States, afterwards
assigned first to the Twelfth, and then to the One
Hundred and Second Regiment of New York Volun-
teers, in which regiment he was the senior captain, and
frequently, for considerable periods, commanded his
regiment. In December, 1862, he was promoted to be
lieutenant-colonel of his regiment.
He participated in the battle of Cedar Mountain
August 9, 1862; in the battles of the Second Bull Run
campaign commanded his regiment, and during part of
the time, at the battle of Chancellorsville, Virginia, May
3, 1863, his brigade. At this battle he was wounded
by a musket-ball in the neck and lower jaw, severing the
nerves on the left side, causing partial paralysis of the
left side for several months. He rejoined his command,
then a part of the Army of the Cumberland, in Tennes-
see, in October, 1863, having his left shoulder and neck-
bandaged, leading the advance line in the assault on
Lookout Mountain November 24, 1863, where he re-
ceived a wound which necessitated the amputation of
his right leg close to the hip-joint. In this assault the
major of the regiment, Gilbert M. Elliott, was killed by
his side. For gallant and meritorious services at the
battles of Chancellorsville and Lookout Mountain, he
was brevetted colonel, brigadier-general, and major-
general of Lmited States volunteers.
In April, 1865, he was appointed a major in the
Veteran Reserve Corps, and assigned to duty in Wash-
ington as assistant commissary-general of prisoners,
serving as such under both Brevet Major-General W.
Hoffman and Major- General E. A. Hitchcock, and won
the earnest commendation of both those officers for the
"prompt, energetic, and able performance of all the
duties devolving upon him." In July, 1866, he was
assigned to duty as inspector-general on the staff of
Major-General John C. Robinson, commanding the Dis-
trict of North Carolina, and assistant commissioner of
the Freedmen's Bureau. He was detailed as president
of an important military commission and a court-martial,
but, on account of his legal knowledge and skill in pre-
senting evidence, was soon made judge-advocate of both
the military commission and court-martial. Before the
military commission there were tried man)- important
cases, — murders, conspiracies, arson, rape, burglary, etc.,
— securing convictions in every case, winning the ap-
proval and commendation of General Grant and Secre-
tary Stanton. On the 31st of December, 1870, he was
placed upon the retired list, with the rank of lieutenant-
colonel. General Hooker, in commending him to
Secretary Stanton for promotion, said, " At the battle of
Lookout Mountain his conduct was especially brilliant,
as he led the line of skirmishers along the slope of the
mountain, which resulted in the glorious achievement of
that field." General George S. Greene, also commend-
ing him for promotion, said, " Colonel Avery was always
distinguished for gallantry, intelligence, and energy in
the discharge of his duties." He was twice recom-
mended for promotion for gallantry by General Grant.
The importance of General Avery's services in North
Carolina during the reconstruction period can hardly be
over-estimated. The knowledge that there was one
court constantly open, with a fearless and tireless prose-
cuting officer, to secure the conviction of criminals, no
matter how great their political or social influence, soon
made North Carolina as safe and as free from crime as
any State in the Union. There can be little doubt that
if the administration of justice in that State had re-
mained in General Avery's hands, the crimes of the
Ku-Klux Klaus in North Carolina would not have been
committed.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
19
LIKUTENANT-COLONEL LAWRENCE S. BABBITT.
Lieutenant-Colonel Lawrence S. Babbitt (Ord-
nance Department, U.S.A.) was born in Boston, Massa-
chusetts, February iS, 1S39. Appointed cadet-at-large
at West Point Military Academy July, 1857; graduated
June, I S6 1, and appointed second lieutenant, Third Ar-
tillery, June 24, 1 86 1. On October 26, 1861, he was
transferred to Ordnance Department, and promoted to be
first lieutenant of ordnance March 3, 1863, and captain
of ordnance December 22, 1866; major of ordnance
May 10, 1878, and lieutenant-colonel of ordnance Sep-
tember 19, 1890.
He was brevetted first lieutenant, July 21, 1861, for
gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Bull Run,
Virginia ; is honorably mentioned in " Records of the
Rebellion," series 1, vol. ii., pp. 312, 348, 380, 382, and
in report of Nez Perces campaign, by General Howard,
1877. Saw service in field with Army of the Potomac,
1861-63. Took part in Virginia Peninsula campaign as
assistant ordnance officer. Commanding Louisville Ord-
nance Depot, 1864 and 1865 ; commanding Vancouver
Arsenal, 1865 to 1871 ; St. Louis Arsenal, 1S71 to 1876;
chief ordnance officer Department of Columbia, 1876 to
1879; in Nez Perces campaign, 1S77 ; Bannock War,
1878; commanding Fortress Monroe Arsenal, 1S79 to
1887; San Antonio Arsenal, 1S87 to 1890 ; Benicia Ar-
senal, 1890 to present date. Staff Positions Held. — As-
sistant ordnance officer Army of the Potomac, 1862;
aide-de-camp, 1868 to 1870; chief ordnance officer De-
partment of Columbia, 1876 to 1879; chief ordnance
officer Department of Texas, 1887 to 1890. Battles, Skir-
mishes, Etc. — Engaged in action at Blackburn's Ford,
July iS, 1861 ; battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861 ; siege
of Yorktown, Virginia ; skirmishes at Cottonwood
Ranch, Idaho, July 3, 4, and 5, 1877 ; battle of the Clear-
water, Idaho, July 12 and 13, 1877; skirmish at Mua-
tella Agency, Oregon, July 13, 1888. Colonel Babbitt
is the son of General E. B. Babbitt, U.S.A., deceased,
who was a graduate of the U. S. Military Academy in
the class of 1827.
20
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY regular)
BREVET MAJOR AND CAPTAIN JOHN B. BABCOCK.
Brevet Major and Captain John 15. Babcock (Fifth
Cavalry) was born in New ( Irleans, Louisiana, February
7, 1843. Major Babcock is descended from an old Rhode
Island family. His great-great-grandfather, Joshua Bab-
cock, was twice chief justice of Rhode Island, and major-
general of Rhode Island militia during the Revolution.
Major Babcock's great-grandfather, Henry Babcock-,
served five campaigns in the French and Indian War.
During the war he served as second lieutenant, first
lieutenant, adjutant, captain, and major of New York
State volunteers (One Hundred and Seventy-fourth and
One Hundred and Sixty-second regiments), and was
brevetted lieutenant-colonel ; was present with his regi-
ment in the battles of Plain's Store, Port Hudson, Sabine
Cross-Roads, Pleasant Hill, Monett's Bluff, Mansura
Plains, and Yellow Bayou, all in Louisiana; was with
his regiment under General Grant at the siege of Peters-
burg, Virginia, and in the campaign of General Sheridan
in the Shenandoah Valley; was, at the age of twenty-
two, major and acting adjutant-general of the Military
District of Savannah and inspector-general First Division,
Nineteenth Army Corps.
Since the war, for twenty-five years, this officer has
served continuously with his troop. For fifteen years
after the war, Captain Babcock was almost constantly in
the field, winter and summer, engaged in campaigns of
the most severe character against hostile Indians.
The following is a brief statement of the campaigns
and Indian fights in which this officer has been engaged :
Continuous campaign with his regiment, under General
Carr, against the Kiowas and Southern Cheyennes, last-
ing from November, 1868, to August, 1869; without
leaving the field, marching from Kansas to Texas and
back to Nebraska, through the storms of a severe « inter,
driving the Indians eastward and fighting them at Bea\ er
Creek and Spring Creek, Nebraska, and Summit Springs,
Colorado. At Spring Creek his troop, then reduced to
thirty-three men, was attacked by the whole village of
Cheyenne and Sioux Indians under Tall Bull. Captain
Babcock defended the position for two hours, until re-
lieved by the regiment. At Summit Springs the regi-
ment captured a camp of eighty-six lodges, killing
seventy-two Indians, capturing five hundred ponies, and
releasing two white women captives, and putting an end
to the war with these bands.
From November, 1 871, for three years, Captain Bab-
cock served in Arizona under General Crook, and was
almost constantly in the field. Having attracted the
attention of General Crook by successful hard service in
the mountains, he was kept in the field under general
instructions to hunt up hostile Indians; was in many
fights with Apaches ; was twice thanked in general or-
ders,— G. O. 14 and G. O. 24, Department of Arizona.
1873; was wounded in the breast by an arrow, and
recommended for the brevets of lieutenant-colonel and
colonel. Under date of November 28, 1 S74, General
Crook writes of this officer as follows: "The official
records of my department show that, since his first
assignment to duty, Lieutenant J. B. Babcock has been
one of the mi >st gallant, efficient, and distinguished officers
that have ever served in Arizona."
His last service in Arizona was the military control of
the turbulent Apaches on the San Carlos Reservation.
Going north with his regiment, Captain Babcock was
again in the field, in Northern Wyoming, during the
winter of 1877, and again from June to December, 1S78,
and from January, 1879, to the spring of that year. In
the latter campaign the regiment marched through the
snows of Northern Nebraska against the Cheyennes.
In October, 1879, the famous Ute outbreak occurred.
Captain Babcock marched with his troop, as part of Gen-
eral Merritt's command, one hundred and seventy miles
in sixty-five hours, — in time to take part in the relief of
Major Thornburg's command and the light that followed,
— remaining in the field until December.
In 18S5 he marched six hundred miles, and took part in
the protection of the Kansas border from the threatened
raids of Southern Cheyennes, remaining in the field all
the spring and until Jul}-.
From 1887 to 18S9 Captain Babcock' was assistant
instructor in the Art of War at the L*. S. Infantry and
Cavalry School, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. In the
summer of 1889 he was adjutant-general of the Camp of
Instruction for the troops in the Department of Missouri.
Since 1889 he has been assistant instructor in the
Department of Cavalry at the U.S. Infantry and Cavalry
School, which position he now holds, in addition to the
command of his tr< k >p.
He was in the field with his troop at Pine Ridge
Agency during the Ghost-Dance War last year.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
21
COMMODORE OSCAR C. BADGER, U. S. NAVY.
Commodore Oscar C. Badger was forty-three years
and eleven months upon the active list of the navy. In
this lengthened period he had twenty-one years and one
month of sea-service, and one year and three months in
vessels which were not sea-going. Mis shore duty ex-
tended to seventeen years and three months ; and he was
unemployed four years and four months. During one
year and six months of this " unemployed" time, he was
ill, — unable to perform duty,— the result of wounds re-
ceived in the service.
This is a good record for any officer.
Commodore Badger was born in the township of Wind-
ham, Connecticut, August 12, 1823, and was appointed
midshipman from Pennsylvania, September, 1841. He
served for three years in the old razee "Independence,"
in the West Indies and Gulf of Mexico, and was then
attached to the " Saratoga," on the west coast of Africa.
Served in the attack on the Bereby tribes, when Com-
modore Perry punished them for piracy, and was in the
different landing-parties. During the Mexican War he
Mixed in the steam-frigate "Mississippi," and was in the
action at Alvarado. He then served on the Brazil Sta-
tion in the frigate " Brandywine" and the brig " Perry."
He was navigator of the " Perry," which vessel, during
the cruise, captured and sent home three vessels engaged
in the slave-trade. During this time he became a passed
midshipman. He then served in the Pacific in various
vessels, — " Supply," " Savannah," and " Vincennes," — and
upon his return home was in the Hydrographic Depart-
ment of the Naval Observatory. Promoted master Sep-
tember 14, 1855, he was made lieutenant the next day.
Serving on board the sloop "John Adams," in the
Pacific, he was navigator, and commanded a party from
that ship which attacked and destroyed the village of
Vutia, in the Feejee Islands, on account of the piratical
acts of its inhabitants He was also engaged in successful
skirmishes with the Feejeeans on other occasions. Lieu-
tenant Badger afterwards served on the experimental
cruise of the " Plymouth," the " Macedonian" in the
Mediterranean, and the flag-ship " Minnesota."
When the Civil War occurred, he commanded the
" Anacostia," of the Potomac flotilla, and was in the
attack upon Cockpit Point, Acquia Creek batteries, and
several others. He led with the " Anacostia," piloting
the " Pensacola," under a heavy fire, past the entire line
of batteries, and was favorably mentioned in despatches.
Tii the same vessel he was employed at the siege of
Yorktown and Gloucester Point, and especially men-
tioned by General McClellan for his services there.
He became a lieutenant-commander in July, 1862, and
was in charge of the ordnance for gunboats building on
the Western waters, 1862-63. After this, as chief ord-
nance officer of the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron,
he was engaged against the Morris Island batteries. He
commanded the iron-clad " Patapsco" in the attack on
Fort Wagner in July, and on Forts Wagner, Gregg, and
Sumter on August 17 of that year. On the 22d of
September, he commanded the " Montauk," in the night
attack on Sumter. Lieutenant-Commander Badger was
appointed fleet-captain of the squadron upon the death
of Commander George W. Rodgers, — killed in battle, —
and was serving in that capacity in the night attack upon
Sumter, when he was dangerously wounded, his right
leg being shattered by a metallic splinter. When he
had partially recovered he served as inspector of ord-
nance at Philadelphia, and in the same capacity at Pitts-
burg.
Commander in July, 1866; and, as commander of the
" Peoria," received thanks from the Assemblies of An-
tigua and St. Kitt's for services at the great fire at Basse-
Terre. Upon his return, was upon equipment duty at
Portsmouth; and from 1S71 to 1S73 commanded the
" Ticonderoga," in the South Atlantic.
Captain, 1872. Commodore, 1881. As commodore
he was commandant of the Boston Navy- Yard, 1SS2 to
[885. Retired, 1885.
22
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
MAJOR CLARENCE MITCHELL BAILEY.
Major Clarence Mitchell Bailey (Fifteenth Infan-
try) was born in New York, ami was appointed a second
lieutenant in the Sixth U. S. Infantry .August 5, 1S61 ;
promoted a first lieutenant July 14, 1863 ; a captain July
28, [866; and major July 10, 1891, and assigned to the
Fifteenth U. S. Infantry. His first military duty was at
Newport Barracks, Kentucky where he arrived in Sep-
tember, 1861, and was almost immediately placed in
command of Company A, permanent party. This posi-
tion did not last long, as, on the 2ist of the same month,
he was ordered on duty with Company A, First li.it-
talion Fifteenth Infantry, also directed to perform the
duties of A. A 0. M., A. C. S., and adjutant of the bat-
talion then under orders to report to General Robert
Anderson, U. S. Volunteers, at Louisville, Kentucky.
Before leaving Newport he was given, on receipts and
invoices, one thousand dollars quartermaster and three
bundled dollars commissary funds. Asking an officer
what he was to do with this money, he received the
answer, " Keep it separate, and don't spend one fund in
payment of the other's debts."
He arrived in Louisville, and was ordered by General
Anderson to proceed in the direction of Elizabethtown,
and report to General Sherman, wherever he might be.
General Sherman was found at Rolling Forks. Lieuten-
ant Bailey had provided the command with two days'
fresh bread, and when he arrived at the river the general
ordered rations issued ; and as he desired the command to
reach Muldrow's Hills as soon as possible, the lieutenant
supposed he considered his way of giving out the bread
too slow, so the general relieved him of this duty and did
it himself. He would take a loaf and toss it to a man, say-
ing, " Here, catch this." The lieutenant hired wagons of
the farmers, and in due time joined the battalion with
their tents, etc., etc. After being in camp a few days the
commanding officer directed him to buy a saddle and
bridle of a gentleman living near, and to draw a horse
from the quartermaster's department. All this he did,
thinking how kind the commanding officer was about
his being mounted. Alas, for his hopes! As soon as
they changed camp the commanding officer directed his
servant to bring that horse saddled to his tent, and in-
formed the lieutenant that in future he would use it. The
latter can understand now the action of the former, but
at that time thought he had been very badly treated.
The winter was spent on Green River, Kentucky, where
the Thirty-second Indiana Volunteers had a skirmish with
some Texas cavalry; some of the Indiana troops were
killed. The dirge played over the graves of these men
was the most doleful thing ever heard, and it was thought
it had a very depressing effect. The troops suffered that
winter greatly from poorly-cooked rations, bad bread, etc.,
and man)- a man died there who would have lived longer
had the surroundings been different. The early spring
found the battalion en route to the Tennessee River, going
to the rescue of Grant's army. In May they occupied
Corinth, Mississippi. The Fourth of July was spent at
I Iuntsville, Alabama. Shortly after the army took up
the march for Kentucky ; reached Louisville in due time ;
got a new outfit, and started back. The battalion got
a taste of Perrysville, ami in December went into that
memorable fight at Stone River, where so man}' good
men gave up their lives.
Lieutenant Bailey was relieved from duty with the
Fifteenth Infantry in 1863, and joined his own Company
F, Sixth Infantry, in Washington Park, New York, and
subsequently spent the winter at Fort Hamilton.
In Ala}', 1864, he was detailed as judge advocate
First Division, Department of the Hast. In May, 1865,
he departed with his company for the Department of the
Carolinas, and served on the staff of Generals Q. A.
Gillmore and Chas. Devens as judge advocate. He
was relieved by General Daniel Sickels. In 1869 he was
ordered to Fort Gibson, Idaho Territory. He joined
the Eighth Infantry by assignment in March, 1 S7 1 , at
David's Island. He spent the winter of 1 871-72 at
Chicago; went to Utah in Ala)', 1872 ; to Arizona in July,
1S74; on the Bannock campaign in 1878, and assigned
to command of Fort Bidwell, California, the same year.
I He was on duty at Angel Island from September, 1881,
to September, 1S84; then at San Diego until January 2,
1886; in Arizona until the following November ; then
to Fort Bridger, Wyoming. The next July found him
at Fort Robinson, Nebraska. Here he remained until
March, l89I,when he was ordered to Pine Ridge, South
Dakota, and remained there until he joined his new sta-
tion, Fort Sheridan, Illinois.
117/0 SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
REAR-ADMIRAL THEODORUS BAILEY.
Rear-Admiral Theodokus Bailey was born at
Chateaugay, New York, in April, 1805. He came of
good colonial stock, his grandfather, John Bailey,
being the first to hoist the Revolutionary flag in New
Yorlc. He also commanded the Second Dutches-,
County Regiment.
Theodorus Bailey witnessed the battle of Plattsburg,
when he was nine years old, General Mooers, a relative,
being engaged therein. Appointed midshipman, 1S18.
Served on the coast of Africa, the Pacific, and the West
Indies. A lieutenant in 1827, he made a cruise round
the world, in the " Vincennes." 1 le was then transferred
to the " Constellation," and made a second cruise round
the world, being absent three years and eight months.
In 1S46 Lieutenant Bailey commanded the store-ship
" Lexington," on the Mexican and Californian coasts.
A company of artillery was taken out from New York as
passengers, — Captain Tompkins in command; the late
General Sherman, first lieutenant ; and the second lieu-
tenant was General E. O. C. < >rd. General Hal leek, then
lieutenant of engineers, was also a passenger. The" Lex-
ington" did good service on the west coast, especially at
La Paz. She blockaded San Bias, and finally captured
that town, after a brisk fight. Lieutenant Bailey was made
commander, 1849. In 1855 commanded the" St. Mary's,"
in the Pacific. In the same year was commissioned cap-
tain. A long and useful cruise terminated with the
settlement of serious troubles at Panama. In 1861 Cap-
tain Bailey was ordered to command the " Colorado,"
joining Farragut at the mouth of the Mississippi. It
was found that the frigate, even if lightened, could not
cross the bar; so Captain Bailey, although an invalid,
and against the advice of the surgeon, obtained permis-
sion for himself and many of his guns, men, and officers
to be transferred to other lighter vessels. Finally he ob-
tained command of the leading division in the passage
of the forts below New Orleans, hoisting his flag in the
" Cayuga." His part in those events is too well known
to require repetition. When the fleet arrived off New
Orleans he went, accompanied by Lieutenant George
Perkins, to demand an unconditional surrender from the
mayor, a mission so hazardous as to be quoted as one
of the most gallant acts performed during the whole war.
The description of their reception by the mob of des-
peradoes is most thrilling, and how those two brave men
escaped assassination will always be a wonder. His con-
duct as leader of the first division elicited the highest
encomiums from both superiors and subordinates, which
space forbids our placing here, even in condensed terms.
What Farragut thought of him was shown by his selec-
tion of him to bear to the government at Washington
the despatches and the reports of the successful opera-
tions. After his arrival at the capital, he described upon
the floor of the Senate Chamber the capture of New
( (rleans.
In June, 1862, Captain Bailey was ordered to com-
mand the Last Gulf Squadron, as acting rear-admiral.
He was engaged in the important blockade of Florida,
capturing prizes, destroying the illicit traffic so exten-
sively carried on, at that time, between the Gulf ports and
the West Indies, and securing supplies designed for the
Confederate service. Admiral Porter remarks: "The
command of this station, although a compliment to Ad-
miral Bailey, was scarcely a reward commensurate with
his character and services. He was not a man whose
appearance would attract attention, except from those
who could appreciate the honest and simple character
of our old-time naval officer; but he was a man who had
no superior in the navy in point of dash, energy, and
courage ; and if he had ever had the opportunity of com-
manding a fleet in action, he would have done it with the
coolness and bravery of Nelson. No higher compliment
could be paid him."
When Farragut was preparing for his attack on Mobile,
he evinced his appreciation of Bailey by offering him the
same position he had filled in the Mississippi. Bailey
accepted with enthusiasm, asking " to be put down for
two chances." But, unfortunately, a severe attack of yel-
low fever sent him North before the attack was made, and
he passed a long convalescence in the peaceful command
of the old naval station at Sag Harbor, instead of leading
Farragut's van.
He was made rear-admiral in 1866, and commanded
the navy-yard at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, from 1865
to 1867. His last service was as a member of the Ex-
amining Board at Washington, in which city he died in
February, 1877.
OFFICERS OF THE ARM)' AND NAVY < regular)
BRIGADIER AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL ABSA-
LOM BA1RD (retired).
Brigadier and Brevet Major-General Absalom
Baird was born in Pennsylvania August 20, 1824, and
graduated at the U. S. Military Academy July 1, 1S49.
1 le was promoted brevet second lieutenant of the Second
Artillery the .same day, and second lieutenant of the
First Artillery April I, 1S50. After serving at Fort
Monroe and Fort Columbus, he participated in the
Florida hostilities against the Seminole Indians until
1S53, when he was detailed at the U. S. Military Acad-
emy as assistant professor of mathematics until Sep-
tember 9, 1856, when he was made principal assistant
of the same branch. In 1859-60 he was on frontier
duty at Fort Brown and Ringgold Barracks, Texas, ami
in 1860-61 in garrison at Fort Monroe.
lie was promoted first lieutenant December 24, 1S53,
and served in command of a light battery in the de-
fence of Washington from March 10 t<> May 11, 1861,
when he was placed on duty as assistant in the Ad-
jutant-General's Office at Washington and brevet cap-
tain of the staff. lie was adjutant-general <>f General
Tyler's division in the defence of Washington, and par-
ticipated in the Manassas campaign of 1861, being en-
gaged in the action at Blackburn's Ford and battle of
First Bull Run, July 21 of that year. On the 3d of
August, 1861, he was appointed captain and assistant
adjutant-general, and until March, 1S62, was assistant
in the Adjutant-General's Department, and on inspection
duty in the War Department.
Captain Baird was appointed major and assistant in-
spector-general November 12, 1S61, and was assigned to
duty as inspector-general and chief of staff of the Fourth
Corps (Army of the Potomac), participating in the Vir-
ginia Peninsula campaign of 1862, being engaged in the
siege of Yorktown, and battle of Williamsburg. I le was
appointed brigadier-general of volunteers April 28, 1862,
and was in command of the Seventeenth Brigade (Army
of the Ohio) from May to September, 1862, being en-
gaged in the capture of Cumberland Gap, and its occu-
pation until evacuated. Then he was assigned to com-
mand the Third Division (Army of Kentucky) about
Lexington ami Danville, Kentucky, to January, 1S63,
when he participated in the operations in Tennessee in
1863, being engaged in the defence of Franklin and re-
pulse of Van Dorn's assault on the place.
General Baird took' part in General Rosecrans's Ten-
nessee campaign of 1 863, and was in the advance on
Tullahoma and capture of Shelbyville. Crossing the
Cumberland Mountains and Tennessee River, was en-
gaged in the action at Dug Gap, Pigeon Mountain,
Georgia ; battle of Chickamauga, where he especially
distinguished himself; skirmish at Rossville, and oc-
cupation of Chattanooga, Tennessee, to October 10,
1563. Lie was in command of a division of the Four-
teenth Arm)- Corps in the occupation and operations
about Chattanooga, Tennessee, and engaged in the battle
of Missionary Ridge, and pursuit of the enemy to Ring-
gold. He made a reconnoissance towards Dalton,
Georgia, skirmishes at Tunnel Hill April 29 and May 2,
1564. He pursued the enemy with constant skirmishing
to May 28, 1864, and participated eventually in the
Atlanta campaign, being engaged in all the battles and
actions pertaining to that memorable march, termi-
nating with the march through the Carolinas and the
surrender of the rebel army under General Joseph E.
Johnston, at Durham Station, North Carolina, April 26,
1S65.
General Baird was brevetted lieutenant-colonel for
" gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Chicka-
mauga, Georgia ;" colonel for the same, " at the battle
of Chattanooga, Tennessee ;" brigadier-general for the
same, "in the capture of Atlanta, Georgia;" major-gen-
eral for the same, " in the field during the Rebellion."
He was also brevetted major-general of U. S. Volunteers
September 1, 1S64, for "faithful services and distin-
guished conduct during the Atlanta campaign, and par-
ticularly in the battles of Resaca and fonesborough, and
lor general good conduct in command of his division
against Savannah."
Alter the war closed, General Baird occupied man)'
important positions too numerous to mention here. He
filled the sever, il grades of major, lieutenant-colonel, and
colonel in the Inspector-General's Department, and was
appointed brigadier-general ( inspector-general j Septem-
ber 22, 1885, and on the 20th of August, 188S, was re-
tired from active service by operation of law.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL JOHN W. BARLOW.
Lieutenant-Colonel John W. Barlow (Corps of
Engineers) was born in New York June 26, 1838, and
graduated at the Military Academy May 6, 1861. He
was promoted second lieutenant of the Second Artillery
same day; promoted first lieutenant May 15, 1861, and
transferred to the Topographical Engineers July 24, 1862.
He served in the field with the Army of the Potomac,
participating in the Peninsula campaign of 1862, and
was engaged in the battles around Richmond, Virginia,
especially at Malvern Hill, remaining with the rear-guard
during the movement of the army to the James River,
and the transfer of the army to the defences of Wash-
ington, D. C.
Colonel Barlow was detailed as assistant professor of
Mathematics and Ethics at the Military Academy from
September, 1862, to June 18, 1863, when he was ordered
on duty with the Engineer Battalion of the Army of
the Potomac to February 17, 1S64, being engaged in
constructing the bridge over the Potomac River at Berlin,
Maryland, July 18, 1863; in laying, repairing, and guard-
ing bridges over the Rappahannock River, August 1-23,
1863; over Bull Run, at Blackburn's Ford, October 17,
1863; and across the Rappahannock, at Kelly's Ford,
November 7, 1863. He was engaged in the Mine Run
operations from November 26 to December 3, 1863, and
in making roads and reconnoissances, building block-
houses and erecting defensive works.
Colonel Barlow was again detailed as assistant pro-
fessor of mathematics at the Military Academy from
February 26 to June 20, 1864. He was promoted cap-
tain July 3, 1S63, and in the summer of 1864 was or-
dered to the armies of the West, participating in the
Georgia campaign from July 12 to August 27, 1864, as
chief engineer of the Seventeenth Army Corps, and was
at the latter date granted leave of absence to November
13, 1864, when he rejoined, and was placed in charge of
the defences of Nashville, Tennessee, where he remained
until October, 1865.
He participated in the Pennsylvania campaign, and was
engaged at the battle of Gettysburg ; and in the Georgia
campaign, and engaged in the battle of Atlanta, July 22,
1864, and siege of Atlanta to August 27, 1864, including
the repulse of the sortie of July 28, 1864.
He was brevetted captain May 27, 1862, for " gallant
and meritorious services in the battle of Hanover Court-
House, Virginia;" major July 4, 1864, for "gallant and
meritorious services in the Atlanta campaign ;" and lieu-
tenant-colonel March 13, 1865, for " gallant and merito-
rious services in the battles before Nashville, Tennessee."
At the close of the war, Colonel Barlow was detailed
as superintending engineer of the construction of Fort
Clinch, Florida, from October 20, 1865, to November
19, 1867. He was at this time transferred to the same
duty at Burlington, Vt, as Superintending Engineer of
Fort Montgomery, New York, and harbor improvements
on Lake Champlain to May 30, 1870. He was pro-
moted major of Engineers April 23, 1869, and lieutenant-
colonel March 19, 1884.
His duties as an officer of Engineers have required his
services at Chicago, New London, Milwaukee, Chatta-
nooga, Nashville, and other stations from 1S70 to the
present time, he being now employed as Commissioner
and Engineer-in-Chief upon the relocation of the Inter-
national Boundary between the United States and Mexico.
26
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN AND BREVET COLONEL ALBERT BARNITZ.
Captain axd Brevet Colonel Albert Barnitz (re-
tired) was born at Everett, Bedford County, Pennsyl-
vania, March 10, 1835. At the breaking out of the war
of the Rebellion he was pursuing the study of law, in
the office of an eminent jurist, at Minneapolis, Minne-
sota, whither he had gone from Cleveland, Ohio, after
some preparatory study at Kenyon College, and in a
local law-school. But the importunate beating of war-
drums, and the startling cry, " to arms !" caused him to
relinquish his cherished opportunities and to hasten back-
to Cleveland, where, waiving all claims to immediate pre-
ferment, he at once enlisted as a private soldier in the
Second Ohio Cavalry, then organizing on University
Heights, — but was later enrolled as a sergeant.
The regiment with which he was now associated
had a remarkable and altogether exceptional career. It
served in five different armies, under twenty-four gen-
erals, and campaigned through thirteen States and the
Indian Territory ; fought in ninety-five battles and minor
engagements, and marched an aggregate distance of
twenty-seven thousand miles.
Captain Barnitz, meanwhile, won his way, step by step,
to the rank of major. The command of the regiment,
however, devolved upon him at a critical time, while he
yet held the rank of captain, and throughout the entire
.Appomattox campaign, wherein the regiment under the
eye of Custer, and justifying his enthusiastic commen-
dation, habitually led the charge, or bore the brunt of
onset, in every desperate crisis ; and in the battles of
Dinwiddie Court-House, Five Forks, Sailor's Creek, and
Appomattox Station, well sustained its old time prestige,
and fought with even more than its accustomed valor ;
;' crowning its achievements by the spirited repulse, at
Appomattox Court-House, of the attempted sortie of a
confederate cavalry brigade, while efforts towards capitu-
lation were in progress.
It is historically stated that " from the 27th of March
to the surrender of Lee" (Colonel Barnitz being mean-
while in command) "the Second captured, and turned
over to the provost-marshal, eighteen pieces of artillery,
one hundred and eighty horses, seventy army wagons,
nine hundred prisoners, and small-arms not counted."
Upon the reorganization of the army, in 1866, Colonel
Barnitz was commissioned captain of G Troop, Seventh
U. S. Cavalry, and subsequently brevetted major, lieuten-
ant-colonel, and colonel, in the regular army.
He served with the Seventh Cavalry, and in command
of his troop and detachments, on independent scouts
and other expeditions, in Indian campaigns in Kansas,
Colorado, Texas, and the Indian Territory ; marching
many thousand miles, and participating in numerous
engagements with the Cheyennes, Arapahoes, Apaches,
Kiowas, Comanches, and Sioux. He was with General
Hancock's Expedition on the Plains, in the spring of
1867, and participated in the seizure and destruction of
the Cheyenne village. He was with General Sully in
pursuit of the hostile tribes to the border of the Staked
Plains, and in attendant engagements in 1868. He ac-
companied General Custer on the toilsome campaign,
through blizzards and trackless snow, which culminated
at the battle of Washita, Indian Territory, November
2j, 1868, in which engagement Colonel Barnitz, at day-
break, led the attack from below the village, and later,
while separated from his command, in an effort to head
off a large party of Indians escaping to their ponies,
killed, in a hand-to-hand encounter, three warriors, by
one of whom he had been previously shot through the
body, just below the heart, — the wound being pro-
nounced mortal, at the time, by the surgeons present.
The colonel was twice seriously wounded during the war
of the Rebellion. lie was retired from active service
December 15, 1870, and makes his occasional home at
Cleveland, Ohio. lie was admitted to the bar in 1881,
but has never engaged in active practice of the law, as
he prefers to travel with his family, and meanwhile writes
occasional letters for the Cleveland Leader. He has
gained some celebrity as a poet, having written several
war-poems of remarkable vigor, and others not less meri-
torious. His graphic war-correspondence for the Cin-
cinnati Commercial, over the signature " A. B," is still
favorably remembered.
Colonel Barnitz is a son of Dr. Martin E. Barnitz
and Martha McClintic, of Chambersburgh, Pa., who
emigrated to Ohio in 1835. He is also a grandson
of Captain John McClintic, renowned in the war of
1 81 2.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
27
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL AND BREVET BRIGADIER-
GENERAL JOHN W. BARR1GER.
Lieutenant-Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-Gen-
eral John W. Barriger (Assistant Commissary-General
of Subsistence) was born in Kentucky, and appointed a
cadet at the U. S. Military Academy, from the same State,
on the 1st of September, 1S52. He was graduated, and
appointed a second lieutenant in the Second U. S. Artil-
lery, July 1, 1856.
Lieutenant Barriger served at the artillery school at
Fort Monroe, Virginia, in 1857-59, anc' >n Light Com-
pany A, of his regiment, in 1859-61. In May, 1861,
being then on duty in the defences of Washington, he
was assigned to the command of Fort Ellsworth, the
principal earthwork in front of Alexandria, Virginia,
which he armed and equipped. He served in the Man-
assas campaign of July, 1861, as first lieutenant of Light
Company D, Second Artillery, commanded by Captain
Richard Arnold, and was engaged with his battery in
the battle of Bull Run, Virginia, fought on the 2ist of
July, 1861, for which he was brevetted captain, "for gal-
lant and meritorious services," to date from July 21,
1 Siii. On the 3d of August, 1 861, Lieutenant Barriger
was appointed a commissar)- of subsistence with the rank
of captain, and ordered to Indianapolis, Indiana, for duty as
chief commissary of subsistence for the volunteer troops
being raised in the State of Indiana. On the 30th of
November, 1861, he was relieved from duty at Indian-
apolis, and assigned as chief commissary of subsistence
of the Department of Western Virginia, commanded by
General W. S. Rosecrans. From July to November,
1862, after the discontinuance of the Department of
Western Virginia, he was engaged in inspecting sub-
sistence depots in the Middle Department, and in for-
warding subsistence stores from Baltimore to Frederick,
Maryland, for the use of the Arm}- of the Potomac during
the Antietam campaign. In December, 1862, he was
ordered to report to General J. D. Cox, commanding the
District of West Virginia, for duty as chief commissary
of subsistence of that district. Upon the discontinuance
of the District of West Virginia in April, 1863, he was
ordered to report to General Ambrose E. Burnside,
commanding the Department of the Ohio, for inspection
duty. He was engaged in inspecting subsistence depots
in the States of Ohio, Michigan, Illinois, Indiana, and
Kentucky from April to November, 1S63. In November,
1863, Captain Barriger was appointed a commissary of
subsistence of volunteers with the rank of lieutenant-
colonel, and ordered to report to General John G. Foster,
at Cincinnati, Ohio, and accompany him to Knoxville,
Tennessee, for duty as chief commissary of subsistence
of the Department of the Ohio. Lieutenant-Colonel
Barriger, upon arriving at Knoxville in December,
1863, just after the raising of the siege, found the Army
of the Ohio at a distance of one hundred and fifty miles
from its depot of supplies, at Camp Nelson, Kentucky,
which was accessible by mountain wagon-roads only, then
nearly impassable for loaded wagons. It was quickly per-
ceived that a better route of transportation must speedily
be opened to, or the troops withdrawn from, East Ten-
nessee. With the view of opening the route from Chat-
tanooga to East Tennessee, Lieutenant-Colonel Barriger
proceeded to Chattanooga, under the orders and instruc-
tions of General Foster, for conference with General
George H. Thomas, commanding the Department and
Army of the Cumberland. The result of this conference
was an early opening of the railway to Loudon, and the
occupancy of East Tennessee was thereby made possible
and permanent. General Foster was the 1st of Febru-
ary, 1864, compelled by ill health to ask to be relieved of
his command. He was succeeded by General Schofield,
on whose staff Lieutenant-Colonel Barriger served as
chief commissary of subsistence until the close of the
Civil War, which found the command in North Carolina.
Since the close of the Civil War, General Barriger has
performed duty as chief commissary of subsistence of the
Department of Platte, Department of South, and Depart-
ment of Missouri ; as purchasing and depot commissary
of subsistence at Louisville, Ky., Cincinnati, O., Chicago,
111., and St. Louis, Mo. ; and for six years as assistant to
the commissary-general of subsistence at Washington,
D.C. He attained his present grade — viz., assistant com-
missary-general of subsistence, with the rank of lieuten-
ant colonel — March 12, 1892. In recognition of his ser-
vices during the Civil War, he received, in addition to the
brevet of captain heretofore mentioned, the brevets of
major, lieutenant-colonel, colonel, and brigadier-general.
General Barriger is the author of " Legislative History
of the Subsistence Department of the United States
Army from June 15, 1775, to August 15, 1876," and is
a companion of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion.
28
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
MAJOR HENRY ANTHONY BARTLETT, U.S.M.C.
Major Henry Anthony Bartlett was born in Paw-
tuxet, Rhode Island, and was appointed to the Marine
Corps from that State. He served in the First Regi-
ment Rhode Island Volunteers, under General A. E.
Burnside; on its being mustered out of service he was
appointed a second lieutenant in the Marine Corps Sep-
tember 8, 1S61; Port Royal Marine Battalion, under
Major John George Reynolds, which left Washington,
October 16, 1861, on board the transport steamer " Gov-
ernor," which foundered at sea, November 3, i86i,off
the coast of North Carolina; all but seven of the four
hundred marines were rescued by the frigate "Sabine,"
Captain Cadwalader Ringgold, commanding ; Fort Clinch
and Fernandina expedition, February, 1862; St. Augus-
tine expedition, March, 1S62.
Commissioned first lieutenant November 26, 1861;
stationed at marine barracks, Boston, April, 1862, to
July, 1862; commanding guard of the ironclad frigate
" New Ironsides," from July, 1S62, to August, 1864; in
charge of after-division of two eleven-inch guns, manned
by the marine guard, at bombardment of Morris Island,
Sumter, and Moultrie. April 7, 1863, Flag-Officer DuPont
aboard " Ironsides" as his flagship ; in twenty-six other
engagements with Forts Wagner, Gregg, Sumter, Moul-
trie, Bee, and other forts ami batteries in Charleston
harbor; commanded a battalion of three hundred and
twenty marines and one hundred and twenty sailors that
lauded at Morris Island, Jul)', 1863, as a storming-party ;
in command of a battalion of marines on expedition
to St. John's River and Jacksonville, February, 1S64;
marine barracks, Brooklyn, August, 1 864, to March, 1 865 ;
1S64-65, commanded troops and assisted the revenue
officers in breaking up whiskey distilleries; receiving-
ship " North Carolina," from March, 1865, to Septem-
ber, 1865 ; marine barracks, Boston, September, 1865, to
March, 1 866 ; steam frigate " Chattanooga," special cruise,
March, 1 S66, to September, 1866; steam sloop " Sacra-
mento," special cruise, September, 1866, to November,
1867 ; aboard at the time she was wrecked on the Coro-
mandel coast, Bay of Bengal, India.
Commissioned a captain November 29, 1867; marine
barracks, Boston, December 6, 1867, to September, 1868 ;
fleet marine officer flagship " Contoocook," September,
1868, to ( )ctober, 1869; marine barracks, Boston, De-
cember 6, 1S69. to February 4, 1S70; receiving-ship
"Vermont," February 10, 1870, to September 23, 1870;
special duty on Tehuantepec surveying expedition, under
command of Captain Shufeldt, September, 1870, to Sep-
tember, 1 87 i; receiving-ship " Vermont," October, 1 87 1,
to June, 1872; fleet marine officer flagship " Hartford,"
Asiatic Station, October, 1872, to October, 1875 ; judge-
advocate, Navy and Marine Corps, from November, 1875,
to August, 1879; head-quarters Marine Corps, Washing-
ton, D. C, August, 1879, to February 26, 1880; training-
ship " Minnesota," March 1, 1880, to August 8, 1881;
commanding head-quarters Marine Corps, Washington,
.August 12, 1 88 1, to November 21, 1881 ; special duty
Navy Department, November, 1881, to March, 1882;
receiving-ship " Colorado," March, 18S2, to September
1, 1883 ; fleet marine officer flagship " Trenton," Asiatic
Station, September 1, 1S83, to September 22, 1886;
commanding marine barracks, Norfolk, Virginia, January
1, 1887, to April 16, 1887; commanding marine bar-
racks, Annapolis, Maryland, April 20, 1887, to April 1,
1 89 1 ; graduated at the Torpedo School, Newport, Rhode
Island, [888.
Commissioned major January 29, 1891 ; commanding
marine barracks, League Island, from April I, 1891, to
June, 1 89 1 ; commanding marine barracks, Mare Island,
August 1, 1891.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
29
MEDICAL-DIRECTOR NEWTON L. BATES.
Dr. Bates was born in New York, and appointee!
assistant surgeon from that State in July, 1861. His
first service was at the Naval Hospital at New York.
He then served in the " Seneca," in the South Atlantic
Squadron, in 1861-62.
He was on duty at the Naval Laboratory at New York
in 1862-63. That was then a very busy place, and to fill
the requisitions required the devoted exertions of those
on duty there, — while it is a kind of duty requisite for
the completeness of naval outfits which seldom receives
recognition.
Dr. Bates then went to the Mississippi, and served in
the ironclad " Benton" in 1863-64, partaking in her work
during that time. He was again stationed at the Naval
Laboratory from 1864 to 1867. He was commissioned
as surgeon September, 1865, and served in the " Ports-
mouth" during 1867-68, and the " Swatara" during 1868
-69. He went directly to the " Miantonomah," and
served in her in 1869-70. He was attached to the
U. S. S. "Pawnee" in 1870-71, and to the navy-yard at
Norfolk, Virginia, from 1871 to 1873. He was fleet-
surgeon on board the flagship " Brooklyn," of the South
Atlantic Squadron (Admiral Leroy), from 1873 to 1876.
For two years after this he was attached to the " Min-
nesota." He was a member of the Board of Examiners,
187S-80.
Dr. Bates was made medical inspector in January,
1 88 1, and was in charge of the Naval Hospital at Yoko-
hama, Japan, for some time ; after which he served in the
flagship " Lancaster" as fleet-surgeon up to 1S84.
Coming to the East again, he was for three years on
special duty at Washington, where he made many friends
by his skilful treatment and sympathy with his patients.
He next served in three flagships, — the " Trenton" in
1SS7, the " Richmond" in iSSS, and the " Pensacola" in
the same year. He became medical director in Septem-
ber, 1888. Since then he has been in charge of the
Naval Hospital at Mare Island, California.
30
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN WILLIAM H. BECK.
Captain- William H. Beck (Tenth Cavalry) was
born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. At the first call for
troops by the President, at the breaking out of the war
of the Rebellion, he entered the volunteer service as
corporal of Company B, Tenth Illinois Volunteer Infantry,
April [6, 1861, and was honorably discharged July 29,
1 86 1. He then re-entered the service as quartermaster-
sergeant of the Sixth Illinois Cavalry, September 21, 1S61,
and promoted first lieutenant October 21, 1862.
He served in the armies of the West, in the field, and
was engaged in action at Coldwater, Mississippi, October
21, 1862, where he was severely wounded, and resigned
his volunteer commission February 28, 1863.
Captain Beck did not again enter the service during the
war, but was appointed to the regular service, as second
lieutenant of the Tenth Cavalry, June 18, 1867, and was
promoted first lieutenant December 11, [867. He served
in the field in Mexico and Arizona, participating in nu-
merous campaigns, and was engaged in actions against
numerous Apache Indians at Sierra Carmen, Mexico,
November 1, 1877. He participated in action with
Victorio, at Tenajos de los Palmos, Texas, Jul}- 30,
[880, and also with the same at Rattlesnake Canon,
August 6, 1880. He also participated in the capture of
the Chiricahua Indians at Fort Apache, Arizona, August
30, 1886.
Captain Beck performed the duties of adjutant of the
Sixth Illinois Cavalry from November 1, 1862, to Febru-
ary 28, 1863, and was acting assistant quartermaster of
the district in 1880. He was promoted captain Tenth
Cavalry December 23, 1887.
In 1892 his regiment was ordered to the Department
of Dakota, and is now en route to stations therein.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
3i
COLONEL AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL AMOS
BECKWITH (RETIRED).
Colonel and Brevet Major-General Amos Beck-
witii was born in Vermont on the 4th of October, 1825,
and was graduated from the Military Academy July I,
1850. lie was promoted a brevet second lieutenant in
the artillery, and served in the hostilities against the
Seminole Indians, in Florida, from 1850 to 1853, in the
mean time having been promoted to second lieutenant,
First U. S. .Artillery, February 22, 1 851. He served at
Forts Monroe and McIIenry during the years of 1853-55,
and was promoted to first lieutenant August 21, 1854.
After having served at Fort Monroe, Key West, and
Barrancas, he was ordered on frontier at Fort Leaven-
worth, Kansas, from which place he was ordered, at the
commencement of the Rebellion, to Washington, 'D. C,
being a first lieutenant at the time in Colonel Magruder's
battery of light artillery. In less than one year he and
thirteen either officers were taken from that regiment for
the Staff Corps, he being appointed captain and com-
missary of subsistence May 10, 1861, and performing
the duties of chief depot commissary of subsistence at
Washington, D. C, to January 15, 1864, having been,
during that time, promoted major September 29, 1861,
and colonel and additional aide-de-camp January 1, 1862,
holding the latter appointment until May 31, 1866.
Colonel Beckwith was engaged cm a tour of inspection
of the commissary department in the Department of Ohio,
the Cumberland, Tennessee, and the Gulf, from February
5 to April 13, 1864, and from April, 1864, to July, 1865,
he was chief commissary of subsistence of the military
division of the Mississippi, on the staff of Major-Gen-
eral Sherman, being present with his armies in their
battles, marches, etc. His labors were not confined to
his own duties, but he often aided others, — acting in the
quartermaster's department when requested or necessi-
tated to do so.
He was made brevet lieutenant-colonel and brevet
colonel September I, 1864, "for gallant and meritorious
services in the campaign against Atlanta, Georgia ;"
brevet brigadier-general U. S. Volunteers, January 12,
1865; brevet brigadier-general U. S. Army, March 13,
1865, "for gallant and meritorious service in the cam-
paign terminating with the surrender of the insurgent
army under General Joseph E. Johnston ;" brevet major-
general U. S. Army, March 13, 1865, "for faithful and
meritorious service in the subsistence department during
the Rebellion."
After the close of field operations he went to St. Louis,
Missouri, then served as supervising commissary of sub-
sistence for the Department of the Gulf States and depot
commissary of subsistence, New Orleans, Louisiana ;
as chief commissary of subsistence, Department of the
Gulf, of the Fifth Military I )istrict ( Louisiana and Texas),
and in other important capacities in the Southern and
Southwestern States. During his tour of duty in New
Orleans, Louisiana, he passed through a disastrous yel-
low-fever epidemic which nearly terminated his career.
General Beckwith served as chief commissary, Depart-
ment of the Gulf, to March 28, 1874. Having been pro-
moted lieutenant-colonel and assistant commissary-gen-
eral of subsistence June 23, 1874, he was ordered to
Washington, D. C, in the office of the commissary-general
of subsistence, and, after a few months, took station at
St. Louis, Missouri, as purchasing and depot commis-
sary, where he remained from June 7, 1875, to October
4. 1889.
On the 28th (if August, 1888, he was promoted colonel
and assistant commissary-general of subsistence, and was
retired from active service, by operation of law, October
4. 1889.
The following is taken from an editorial in the Army
and Navy Journal upon the retirement of General Beck-
with :
" Although not connected directly with the Army of
the Potomac, General McClellan, in his official report,
handsomely refers to the valuable services of this officer.
So highly was he regarded by the late President Lincoln,
who knew him intimately, that a position in the adjutant-
general's department, afterwards filled by General Drum,
was tendered him, and also, about the same time, a
position in the quartermaster's department. At the
solicitation of prominent officials, he was induced to
accept, in preference, a place in the subsistence depart-
ment. Naturally of a meditative habit of mind, reserved
and uncommunicative, General Beckwith's real ability
was not always understood until necessity for action
gave opportunity for the manifestation of his energy and
persistence of purpose. Then difficulties seemed to in-
tensify his force, and no temporary defeat could turn
him from his purpose. Rising always to the greatness
of the occasion, he never failed in the performance of
his duties, whatever their magnitude. With his retire-
ment from active service, the subsistence department
loses one of the ablest officers of the United States
Army, and one whose devotion to the obligations of
duty and honor is an example to others."
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
REAR-ADMIRAL GEORGE E. BELKNAP.
Rear-Admiral George E. Belknap was born in New
Hampshire in January, 1832, and appointed midshipman
from that State in October, 1847. After serving in the
African and Pacific Squadrons, he went to the Naval
Academy, and became passed midshipman in 1853. After
serving on the Coast Survey, and as acting master of
two sloops-of-war, he was promoted master in 1855, and
lieutenant in the same year. After short shore-service,
he went to China in the " Portsmouth ;" commanded a
howitzer-launch at the capture of the Barrier Forts, in
the Canton River, November, 1856. The forts were four
in number, and mounted one hundred and seventy-six-
guns of all kinds. He assisted in undermining and
blowing up these works after capture. In 1861 he com-
manded the boats of the " St. Louis" at both reinforce-
ments of Fort Pickens. While attached to the " Huron,"
in 1861-62, he was in the expedition against Fernandina,
St. John's, St. Mary's, St. Augustine, etc.
Lieutenant-commander July, 1862. Executive-officer
of the " New Ironsides" in twenty-seven engagements
with Forts Wagner, Sumter, Moultrie, Batteries Bee,
Beauregard, etc., of the defences of Charleston. After
commanding gunboat " Seneca," he commanded the iron-
clad " Canonicus" in two actions with the Howlett Horse-
Battery in December, 1864, and at both battles of Fort
Fisher, taking the advanced position. .After the capture
of Fort Fisher he proceeded to Charleston, and, after
firing the last shot at its defences, was present at the
evacuation. He then went to Havana, with Admiral
Gordon, in quest of the ironclad " Stonewall."
Commanded " Shenandoah," in Asiatic Squadron, in
1 866-67.
Commander July, 1S66. Commanded "Hartford,"
Asiatic Squadron flagship, 1867-68. During this time
commanded expedition against Formosan natives. After
a tour of shore duty was ordered to command of " Tus-
carora," and went to the Pacific. Co-operated with Sel-
fridge's party in the Darien survey. In May, 1873, in
command of " Tuscarora," went to make deep-sea sound-
ings between the western coast of the United States and
the coast of Japan, to test the feasibility of a submarine
cable. I lis adaptation of Sir William Thomson's ma-
chine, and his success in obtainim? soundings with wire
at great depths, are well known. He ascertained the
" true continental outline" from Cape Flattery to San
Diego, and ran a line of soundings from San Diego to
Yokohama, I'l/i the Hawaiian and Brown Islands, and
from Yokohama to Cape Flatten", via the Aleutian
Islands. Off the Japan coast he found the most ex-
traordinary depths ever known, — more than five and
one-fourth statute miles. He is the inventor of several
cylinders for bringing specimens from ocean-bed, which
are in use in the naval service and the coast survey.
For these successes he received the public and em-
phatic recognition of Sir William Thomson and many
other scientific men.
Commander Belknap was senior officer present at
Honolulu when serious political disturbances arose, and
he landed a force from the " Tuscarora" and the " Ports-
mouth" which preserved order for several days. For
this he had the thanks of the king, the chambers, and
the consular corps. He then served as hydrographic
inspector, and in command of " Ohio." With impaired
health from exposure in deep-sea work, he was obliged
to go South, and was ordered as captain of Pensacola
Navy- Yard. During 1875 he was a member of the
Board of Visitors to Naval Academy, and, later, member
of the Board of Examiners of Midshipmen. In 187611c
was detached from duty at Pensacola and put on special
duty in reference to deep-sea soundings. Afterwards he
returned to Pensacola as commandant, and remained
there three years, lie then commanded the " Alaska"
in the Pacific, and was attached to the navy-yard at Nor-
folk. In 1885 he was promoted to be commodore, and
was superintendent of the Naval Observatory in 1885 ;
was commandant of the navy-yard at Mare Island in
[886-90. He was promoted to be rear-admiral in Feb-
ruary, [889, and commanded the Asiatic Station until
1892.
117/0 SERVED TN THE CIVIL WAR.
33
COLONEL AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL HENRY
W . BENHAM.
Colonel and Brevet Major-General Henry W.
Benham was born in Connecticut. Graduated first in
his class at the Military Academy July i, 1 S37 ; bre-
vet second lieutenant Engineers July 1, 1837; assistant
engineer on the improvement of Savannah River, Geor-
gia, 1837-38; first lieutenant July 7,1838; superintend-
ing engineer of repairs of Fort Marion and St. Augus-
tine sea-wall, Florida, 1839-44; of repairs of defences of
Annapolis Harbor 1844-45; repairs of St. Augustine
sea-wall, Florida, [845—46; Forts Mifflin and McHenry
1 845 ; repairs of Forts Madison and Washington 1 K46-47 ;
in war with Mexico, engineer on staffs of Generals Taylor
and Wool ; engaged and wounded in the battle of Buena
Vista February, 1847; brevet captain February 25, 1847,
for gallant and meritorious conduct in battle of Buena
Vista, General Scott recommending a second brevet of
major for "his great services" in that action; served on
various engineer duties from 1 S47 to breaking out of
Civil War, and part of the time was on duty in Europe.
In 1855 was selected from the engineers for promotion
in the new regiments, but declined to be major of the
Ninth Infantry March. 3, 1855; served during the rebel-
lion of the seceding States 1861-66; as chief engineer
of General McClellan, Department of the Ohio, May 14
to Jul)- 22, 1861, laying out and building fortifications at
Cairo and Bird's Point ; was temporarily on the staff of
General T. A. Morris, in military operations at Laurel
Hill, West Virginia, July 6-1 1, 1861 ; and in command of
all the troops that pursued, routed, and killed General
Robert S. Garnett, capturing his trains with artillery, and
thus, as the general commanding reported, " Secession
was dead in West Virginia." Was brevet colonel July
13, 1 86 1, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle
of Carrick's Ford, Virginia; this commission (the first
battle-brevet of the war) made him the senior brevet
major-general of the Corps of Engineers ; and he was
recommended to be brevet brigadier-general by the board
of general officers for this action ; major Corps of En-
gineers August 6, 1 861; brigadier-general U. S. Volun-
teers August 13, 1861 ; in West Virginia campaign August
to November, 1861 ; in command <>f brigade at New
Creek August 16, 1861 ; commanded the leading and only
brigade engaged at the action and rout of Floyd, at Car-
nifex Ferry, September 10, 1861 ; and on November 14
to 16, 1861, in the skirmishes and second rout of Floyd,
from Cotton Hill to Raleigh, West Virginia, with great
loss of baggage and trains, and his chief of cavalry, Col-
onel Croghan, killed. Was present and in command at the
bombardment and capture of Fort Pulaski, Georgia, April
10-11, 1S62; lieutenant-colonel Corps of Engineers
March 3, 1863; reorganized and commanded engineer
brigade (Army of the Potomac), being engaged in throw-
ing pontoon bridges across the Rappahannock for the
passage and retreat of the army at Chancellorsville,
April 29 to May 5, 1863 ; his horse shot under him at the
"crossing" below Fredericksburg April 29, 1863; laid
the pontoon bridges at Franklin's crossing in face of the
enemy June 5, 1863; reorganized the pontoon trains at
Washington July, 1863, to May, 1864; and laid most of
the pontoon bridges for the Army of the Potomac from
May, 1S64, to May, 1865 ; one of them over the James
River, at Fort Powhatan, June 1 3, 1 S64, was two thousand
two hundred feet long, and built in five hours ; in the mean
time constructed and commanded the defences at City
Point, Virginia, covering as a reserve the main depots and
head-quarters of General Grant ; and served with his com-
mand in the lines in front of Petersburg ; brevet brigadier-
general U. S. Army March 13, 1865, for gallant and meri-
torious services in the campaign terminating with the sur-
render of the insurgent army under General R. E. Lee;
April 3, 1865, joined in taking possession of Petersburg,
and was placed in command of that city, moving thence to
Burkesville and towards the Roanoke River, to act against
Johnston ; repairing bridges across Appomattox and
Staunton Rivers April 3-23, 1865; and on march to
Washington, D. C, May to June, 1865; brevet major-
general U. S. Vols, for faithful services during the Rebel-
lion; brevet major-general U. S. A. March 13, 1865, for
gallant and meritorious services during the Rebellion ;
mustered out of volunteer service Jan. 1 5, 1866, and took
charge of the sea-walls in Boston Harbor; of the defences
of Provincetown, Mass. ; colonel Corps of Engineers
March 7, 1 867, and as member and president of the Board
of Engineers June 20, 1865, to May 18, 1867; after July,
1877, in charge of inner defences of N. Y. Harbor, and of
the forts at N. Y. Narrows, Sandy Hook, N. J., and Lake
Champlain ; retired June 30, 1882. He died at New York
City June 1, 1SS4.
34
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY ^regular)
MAJOR AND BREVET COLONEL FREDERICK W.
BENTEEN (retired).
Major and Brevet Colonel Frederick W. Benteen
was born in Petersburg, Virginia, August 24, 1834. Ik-
entered the military service at the breaking out of the
war of the Rebellion as a first lieutenant in the Tenth
Missouri Cavalry, in which regiment he subsequently
rose to the rank oi lieutenant-colonel, and was appointed
colonel of the One Hundred and Thirty-eighth U. S.
Colored Troops July 15, 1X65.
Colonel Benteen's service in the held during the war
was with the Western armies, participating in the follow-
ing engagements: Actions of Wet Glaze, Springfield, Sa-
lem, Second Springfield, Cane Creek, Sugar Creek ; battle
of l'ea Ridge; actions of Batesville, Kickapoo, Cotton
Plant ; defence of Helena, Arkansas ; actions of Milliken's
Rend, Bolivar, and Greenville; engaged at the actions of
Tuscumbia, Tupelo and Alabama Valley; the battle of
Iuka, Mississippi ; action of Florence ; siege of Vicksburg ;
action of Brandon Station; capture of Jackson ; raid to
Meridian, and action of Bolivar; at the actions of Big
Blue Osage, Charlotte Prairie, Pleasant Rid^e, Monte-
vallo ; assault and capture of Selma, Alabama, and Co-
lumbus, Georgia.
Colonel Benteen commanded his regiment at the battle
of Iuka and action of Montevallo, and a brigade at the
action of Big Blue Osage, and at the close of the war was
mustered out January 6, 1 866, but subsequently appointed
captain in the Seventh LT. S. Cavalry, to date from July,
1 866. He was then ordered to the plains and served at
man}' posts and on campaign duty, participating in the
engagement with hostile Indians on the Saline River,
Kansas, and in the Big Horn and Yellowstone expedition
of 1 cSj6, his company forming part of the ill-fated Custer's
command.
He was made brevet major for gallant and meritorious
services at the battle of the ( >sage, Missouri : brevet lieu-
tenant-colonel for gallant and meritorious services in the
charge on Columbus, Georgia ; brevet colonel for gallant
and meritorious conduct in the engagement with hostile
Indians on the Saline River, Kansas.
He was promoted major of the Ninth U. S. Cavalry
December 17, [882, and retired for disability in the line
of duty July 7, 1888.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
35
MAJOR EDWIN BENTLEY.
Dr. Edwin Bentley was born in New London ( !ounty,
Connecticut and in the national contest, Dr. Bentley
became incited by the fullest patriotism and devotion for
the nation's cause, and he immediately took an active
part, in season and out of season, — at all times engaged in
caring for the sick and wounded, in which, for continued
service and number of operations made, he was equalled by
few and excelled by none. For years he had thousands
of wounded men under his care, and at times more than
a hundred medical officers under his charge. All this he
conducted — with the vast property responsibility — with-
out a controversy, or arrest of either officer or soldier
subject to his orders. The following is gleaned from the
official records, and is offered as a brief exhibit of his
military service, which embraces an experience in the
field, camp, post, general hospital, and Libby prison at
Richmond in i S62.
Statement of the military service of Surgeon Edwin
Bentley, of the U. S. Arm)-, compiled from the records
of the War Department, Washington :
He was mustered into the sen-ice as assistant surgeon,
Fourth Connecticut Infantry, June 6, 1861. He was ap-
pointed surgeon, U. S. Volunteers, September 4, 1861,
and honorably mustered out January 4, 1S66. He re-
ceived the brevet of lieutenant-colonel March 13, [865,
for faithful and meritorious service during the war. He
served in the Army of the Potomac, in F. J. Porter's
division, until the autumn of 1862; then in charge of
General Hospital at Alexandria, Virginia, and subse-
quently as superintendent of hospitals at that place to
April, 1866; was post-surgeon at Russell Barracks,
D. C, until mustered out of the volunteer service.
Was appointed assistant surgeon, U.S.A., February S,
1 S(')6,— service being continuous from the volunteer to
the regular; captain and assistant surgeon July 2^, 1866;
major and surgeon Jul)- 12, 1879. He remained on duty
at Russell Barracks, D. C, to December, 1868; at Lin-
coln Barracks, D. C, to April, 1869; at Camp Reynolds,
California, to August, 1869; then as post-surgeon at
Point San Jose, California, January, 1871 ; April 17, 1873,
with Batteries B, C, and G, Fourth Artillery, to Modoc
expedition, — in lava beds, at head-quarters of General
Gillem, south side of Yula Lake, transporting wounded,
at the conclusion of the war, from the field-hospital, of
which he was in charge, to Fort Klamath, Oregon. He
rejoined his proper station at Point San Jose, California,
where he remained post-surgeon until 1874. Also on
duty at Alcatraz Island, at the Presidio of San Francisco,
California; at Camp Bidwell, California. February, 1875,
recorder of Medical Examining Board and attending sur-
geon at San Francisco, California. In 1876 he was on
leave of absence, to enable him to study mental diseases
and morbid anatomy of the nervous system, being super-
intendent of the Napa Insane Asylum, California. Feb-
ruary, 1877, on duty, with the Sixteenth Infantry, at New
( Irleans, Louisiana, where, finding an epidemic of small-
pox producing much alarm among the troops of the
command, he established a pest-hospital, by order of the
commanding general, and for his success in its manage-
ment and devotion to the patients he received a special
letter of commendation from the medical director of the
department. In 1887 he was on duty as post-surgeon at
Little Rock Barracks; on duty in Pennsylvania during
the labor strikes; also medical director of the Depart-
ment of Arkansas. In 1884 he was post-surgeon at
Fort Clark, Texas, and post-surgeon at Fort Brown,
Texas, in 1886; was retired in 1888; was professor of
anatomy in Pacific Medical College, California, and pro-
fessor of surgery in the medical department of the
Industrial University of Arkansas since its organization.
36
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN ERIC BF.RGLANO.
Captain Eric Bergland (Corps of Engineers, U.S.A.)
enlisted at the age of seventeen in Company D, Fifty-
seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry, September 14, [861.
In December, 1NG1, was mustered into service as second
lieutenant, and in April, 1862, he was promoted to first
lieutenant, in which capacity he served until the regiment
was mustered out of service, the war being ended, July
7, [865. During his connection with the Fifty-seventh
Illinois Volunteer Infantry, he took part in the capture
of Fort Donelson, and the battles of Shiloh, Corinth,
and Resaca. While in the field at Rome, Georgia, in
the autumn of 1864, he received an appointment as
cadet at the U. S. Military Academy at West Point.
On reporting to Superintendent of Military Academy
November 16, he was informed that his class was al-
ready w'ell advanced in their studies, and that it would
require considerable previous knowledge of mathematics
to be able to make up before examination for the time
lost; as before enlisting in the army he had only en-
joyed the advantages of a village school and knew noth-
ing of the higher mathematics, he thought it highly
improbable that he would be able to prepare for the first
examination after being nearly two months behind his
classmates. On the advice of the Superintendent, he
therefore applied to the Secretary of War to have his
appointment extended to the following June, when he
could enter on equal terms with other members of his
class. This request was granted, and he was in the
mean time ordered to Johnson's Island, Ohio, for duty as
assistant to Captain Tardy, Corps of Engineers, until
June 1, 1865.
Me graduated June 15, 1869, at the head of his class,
and as the staff corps had just previously been closed by
Act of Congress, he was commissioned second lieutenant
Fifth Artillery, and stationed at Fort Warren, Massachu-
setts, and Fort Trumbull, Connecticut, and in the field
on the Canada boundary during the Fenian raid in 1870.
June 10, 1872, he was transferred to the Corps of Engi-
neers, and promoted to first lieutenant ; promoted to cap-
tain January 10, [884.
Since his transfer to the Corps of Engineers, he has
served with the Engineer Battalion, has been instructor
of military engineering and mathematics, and assistant
professor of ethics and law at the U. S. Military Acad-
emy ; assistant engineer on Western explorations, under
Captain George M. Wheeler, for three years in California,
Arizona, Nevada, and Colorado; engineer in charge of
river and harbor improvements in Tennessee, Mississippi,
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.
In command of Company C, Battalion of Engineers,
and instructor of civil engineering U. S. Engineer School,
located at Willett's Point, New York ; was ordered to
Johnstown, Pennsylvania, a week after the great flood,
in charge of a detachment and bridge-train, and ordered
to replace by pontoon-bridges those swept away by the
flood; since November 13, 1 891, stationed at Baltimore,
Maryland, as engineer of Fifth and Sixth Light-House
Districts.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
37
MAJOR AND BREVET COLONEL REUBEN F. BERNARD
Major and Brevet Colonel Reuben F. Bernard,
Eighth Cavalry, was a private, farrier, corporal, sergeant,
and first sergeant in the army from February 19, 1855,
to January 5, 1862 ; then acting second lieutenant of the
First Cavalry to July 17, 1862, when he was appointed a
second lieutenant of that regiment. He served on the
Pacific coast and in New Mexico before the war of the
Rebellion, and participated in the following fights with
Indians: On the head-waters of the Gila River, New
Mexico, March 28, 1856; on the Mimbres River, New
Mexico, April 5, 1856; in Pinal Mountains, Arizona
Territory, December 25, 1858; on San Carlos River
December 27, 1858; on San Pedro River, Arizona
Territory, November 9, 1 S 5 9 ; near Fort Buchanan, Ari-
zona Territory, January 20, i860; on San Carlos River,
Arizona Territory, January 21, 1861 ; skirmish with
rebel Texans near Fort Craig, New Mexico, February
19, 1862; battle of Valverde, New Mexico, February 21,
1862 ; fight with Indians in the mountains near Socorro,
New Mexico, February 26, 1 862 ; skirmish with rebels
at Apache Canon, New Mexico, March 28, 1862; battle
of Pigeon's Ranch, New Mexico, March 30, 1862 ;
skirmish at Albuquerque, New Mexico, April 25, [862;
skirmish at Peralto, New Mexico, April 27, 1862.
lie was promoted to be first lieutenant June 2$, 1863,
and transferred to duty in the field with the Army of the
Potomac, and participated in the following engagements :
Skirmishes near Culpeper Court-House, Virginia;
Stevensburgh, Virginia; Mine Run, Virginia; Barnet
Ford, Virginia ; near Charlottesville, Virginia ; on Rapi-
dan River, Virginia ; battle of Todd's Tavern, Virginia
(wounded) ; battle of Spottsylvania Court-House, Vir-
ginia ; skirmishes on road to Beaver Dam, Virginia; at
Beaver Dam, Virginia ; on road to Yellow Tavern, Vir-
ginia ; battle of Yellow Tavern, Virginia ; skirmishes at
Meadow Bridge, Virginia ; after passing Meadow Bridge,
Virginia; at Tunstall's Station, Virginia ; while crossing
Mattapony River ; battles of Hawes' Shop, Virginia ;
Old Church, Virginia; Cold Harbor, Virginia ; skirmish
at Chickahominy River, Virginia ; battle of Trevilian
Station, Virginia : skirmishes at White House Landing,
Virginia; at Chickahominy River, Virginia ; battles of
Deep Bottom, Virginia ; Darby's Farm, Virginia ; skir-
mishes at Barnesville, Virginia ; Stone Church, Virginia ;
New Town, Virginia; near Winchester, Virginia ; near
Front Royal, Virginia; Shepherdstown, Virginia; en-
gagements at Smlthfield, Virginia ; skirmishes near Hall-
town, Virginia ; Barnesville, Virginia ; Opequan Creek,
Virginia ; battle at Winchester ; skirmish at Cedarville ;
battle of Luray Valley, Virginia; skirmishes near
Front Royal, Virginia; in Luray Valley, Virginia;
near Staunton, Virginia; engagement at Waynesborough,
Virginia ; skirmishes at Rapidan River, Virginia ; War-
renton, Virginia ; Snicker's Gap, Virginia ; Bunker Hill,
Virginia; near Mount Jackson, Virginia ; engagement at
Waynesborough, Virginia ; skirmish at South Anna
Bridge, Virginia ; engagement at White House Landing,
Virginia; skirmish on Chickahominy River, Virginia; en-
gagement at Dinwiddie Court-House, Virginia ; skirmish
at White Oak Road, Virginia ; engagement near Din-
widdie Court-House, Virginia ; battle of Five Forks,
Virginia; engagement at Scott's Cross-Roads, Virginia ;
skirmish at Drummond's Mills, Virginia ; battle of Sail-
or's Creek, Virginia ; skirmish near Sailor's Creek, Vir-
ginia ; skirmish at night near Appomattox Court-House,
Virginia; engagement of Appomattox Court-House.
Colonel Bernard was brevetted captain May 6, 1864,
for gallant and meritorious services in the battle of
Todd's Tavern, Virginia; major August 28, 1864, for
gallant and meritorious services in action at Smithfield,
Virginia; lieutenant-colonel and colonel March 13, 1865,
for gallant and meritorious services during the war.
He was promoted to the captaincy of Company G,
F'irst U. S. Cavalry, July 28, 1866, at which date he was
serving with his company on the plains against the In-
dians, participating in nineteen fights, from 1866 to 1881,
in Arizona, California, and Oregon. ] le thus has to his
credit one hundred and three battles and skirmishes.
He was recommended by General Orel for the brevet of
brigadier-general, for gallantry in action with the Chiri-
cahua Indians, October 20, 1869. On the 7th of Feb.
[886, marched Companies D and E, Sixteenth Infantry,
from Fort Mcintosh, Texas, to the city of Laredo, Texas,
for the purpose of suppressing a local political riot that
had been going on for several hours ; some twenty odd
persons having been killed, he took charge of the city,
disarmed both parties, kept charge of the city for the
night, restoring order. He was promoted major of the
Eighth Cavalry November r, 1882.
3»
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAl'Y [.regular)
COLONEL CLERMONT L. BEST (retired).
Colonel Clermont L. Best was born in New York,
and graduated from the Military Academy in the class of
1847. He was appointed a brevet second lieutenant of
the First LI. S. Artillery, and served in the war with
Mexico, during which time he received his appointment
as second lieutenant. Fourth Artillery. < In duty at Fort
Monroe, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, and Jefferson Bar-
racks, Missouri, in [848—49, and was then engaged in
Florida, in hostilities against the Seminole Indians,
during the year 1 850.
He was at this time promoted first lieutenant and
ordered to Fort Hamilton, and served at that post and
Fort Mifflin, Pennsylvania, from 1X50 to [853, when he
was placed on frontier duty at Ringgold Barracks, Texas,
serving there and at Fort Brown and Las Animas. Texas,
to 1855. lie was granted leave of absence at this time,
and rejoined his command in [856 in Florida, where he
was engaged in hostilities against the Seminole Indians
to 1857.
Lieutenant Best was again ordered on frontier duty,
and engaged in quelling Kansas disturbances during the
years 1857-58. He participated in the Utah expedition
in 1858, and was on duty escorting recruits from New
York to Kansas in [859. He then served at Fort Ran-
dall, Dakota, to 1, So 1.
In April, [861, at the breaking out of the war of the
Rebellion, he was promoted captain of his regiment, anil
ordered to the field in command of a battery in Major-
General Banks's operations in Maryland and the Shenan-
doah Valley, Virginia, to August, 1862, then participated
in the Northern Virginia campaign as chief of artillery
of the Fifth Army Corps, being engaged in the battle of
Cedar Mountain, August 9, 1862 ; in the Maryland cam-
paign, Army of the Potomac, and engaged in the battle
of Antietam, Maryland, September 17, 1S62.
He was on the march to Falmouth, Virginia, during
the fall of the same year, and subsequently participated
in the Rappahannock campaign, being engaged in the
battle of Chancellorsville, Virginia, May 2, 3, 1X63, for
which he was brevetted a major for gallant and merito-
rious services in said battle.
Captain Best was detailed as assistant inspector-general,
Twelfth Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, May 16,
1 86 ;, which position he held to April 4, 1 S64, and during
that time was engaged in the battle of Gettysburg, July
1-3, 1 863, for which he received the brevet of lieutenant-
colonel for gallant and meritorious services. He was
then placed in command of the First Division of Artil-
lery Reserve, Department of the Cumberland, from April
to October, 1864, when he was detailed as instructor of
artillery at Camp Barry, Washington, D. C, to February,
1S65.
At the close of the war, Captain Best was brevetted a
colonel for good conduct and gallant services during the
Rebellion. He was placed on recruiting service at Phil-
adelphia in February, [865, where he remained to Sep-
tember, [866, when he was ordered to garrison duty in
the defences of Washington, remaining there to March,
1867.
Colonel Best was promoted major of the First Artil-
lery February 5, 1867; lieutenant-colonel of the same
regiment March 15, [881, but subsequently transferred
to the Fourth Artillery (October 2~ , 1 88 1 ) ; and colonel
of the Fourth Artillery October 2, [883, from which he-
was retired from active service, by operation of law,
April 25, iSSS.
During the time that Colonel Best was a field-officer,
he served at many of the artillery posts in different parts
of the country, being commanding officer of most of
them.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR
39
COLONEL AND BREVET BRIGADIER-GENERAL
JUDSON D. BINGHAM.
Colonel and Brevet Brigadiek-Gexekal Judson D.
Bingham (Quartermaster's Department) was born in
New York May 16, i S 3 1 , and graduated from the Mili-
tary Academy Jul}- 1, 1854. He was promoted second
lieutenant of the Second Artillery same day, and served
as assistant instructor of artillery tactics at the Military
Academy from that time until the following August, and
was then stationed at Fort Wood, New York harbor, and
Barrancas, Florida, until March, 185(1, when he was pro-
moted first lieutenant and was placed on U. S. Coast Sur-
vey service to June, 1857. 1 le was at the Artillery School
of Practice at Fort Monroe from that time to i860, in
the mean time participating in an expedition to Harper's
Ferry, Virginia, to suppress the John Brown raid of
1859.
Lieutenant Bingham was also engaged in an expedi-
tion from Fort Ridgely, Minnesota, to the Yellow Medi-
cine, Minnesota, in the summer of i860, and remained
at that station until the opening of the Civil War in
April, iS6i,when he was transferred to Fort McHenry,
Maryland. He was appointed a captain in the Quarter-
master's Department May 13, 1861, and served in Gen-
eral Banks's command, in charge ol trains and supplies,
in the field in Maryland until February, 1862, when he
was placed in charge of the quartermaster's depot at
Nashville, Tennessee, and while there was appointed
lieutenant-colonel of volunteers January 1, 1863.
He served as chief quartermaster of the Seventeenth
Army Corps (lieutenant-colonel ex officio) to April 23,
1863, when General Grant appointed him chief quarter-
master of the Department and Army of the Tennessee.
He continued on duty, in the field, as chief quartermaster
of that army up to the end of the siege of Atlanta, Geor-
gia, August 25, 1864; was present as chief quartermaster
of the Seventeenth Army Corps at Lake Providence and
Milliken's Bend, Louisiana, at the siege of Vicksburg,
Mississippi, at the surrender of the city, and during its
occupation, to October, 1863; at Memphis, Tennessee,
and at Bridgeport and Scottsborough, Alabama, until last
of December, 1863 ; he joined General Sherman at Cairo,
Illinois, January I, 1864, and under his direction arranged
for transporting troops from Memphis to Vicksburg for
the expedition to Meridian, Mississippi; then as chief
quartermaster of the Army of the Tennessee accompanied
General Sherman on the march with the Sixteenth and
Seventeenth Army Corps from Vicksburg to Meridian
and return, February and March, 1864; was present as
chief quartermaster at head-quarters, Army of the Ten-
nessee, Huntsville, Alabama, and in the invasion of Geor-
gia, including siege of Atlanta, 1864.
Colonel Bingham was appointed colonel of volunteers
August 2, 1864, and was appointed inspector of the Quar-
termaster's 1 )epartment (colonel ex officio), serving as such
to December 31, 18S6, being on duty in the quartermas-
ter-general's office, Washington, D. C, at various times
from September, 1864, to December, 1865 ; on duty with
General Sherman at St. Louis, Missouri, as inspector of
the Quartermaster's Department, to January, 1867; chief
quartermaster, Department of the Lakes, at Detroit,
Michigan, to March 31, 1870; in the spring of 1869 he-
made inspections at Forts Richardson, Griffin, Concho,
Stockton, Davis, McKavett, and San Antonio, Texas.
He was promoted major in the Quartermaster's De-
partment, LI. S. Army, July 29, 1866, and lieutenant-
colonel and deputy quartermaster-general March 3, 1875,
serving as assistant in the office of the quartermaster-
general at Washington, D. C, from April 4, 1870, to
October, 1879, and in charge of the Bureau from October
25, 1873, to January 19, 1874, and from January 28 to
February 20, 1875 ; he served as commissioner to audit
Kansas war accounts, under act of Congress, from March
8 to April 5, 1871 ; as chief quartermaster of the Depart-
ment of the Missouri, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, from
October, 1879, to November, 1883; as chief quartermas-
ter, Division of the Pacific and Department of California,
from November, 1883, to about May 30, 1886; as chief
quartermaster, Division of the Missouri, Chicago, Illinois,
from June 4, 1886, to present time, having been, on the
2d of July, 1883, promoted colonel and assistant quarter-
master-general.
When the war terminated, Colonel Bingham had the
following brevets conferred upon him : major, lieutenant-
colonel, and colonel March 13, 1865, "for faithful and
meritorious services during the war ;" brigadier-general
April 9, 1865, "for faithful and meritorious services in
the field during the war."
4o
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
COMMANDHR JOSHUA BISHOP, U.S.N.
Commander Joshua Bishop was horn in Missouri in
1839, and appointed acting midshipman from that State
1 Ie graduated at the Naval Academy in 1858, and after the
usual sea-service — in the "Saratoga," "Wabash," "Pow-
hatan," and "Pawnee" — was made lieutenant in 1861.
The troublous time at the inception of the Civil War
found him at his home in Missouri. He used all his
influence to prevent an appeal to arms, and declared
himseli for the Union without hesitation. Being sum-
moned to duty at Philadelphia, he had great difficulty in
leaving the State, from the determined opposition shown
by his rebel neighbors, who had stopped the running of
the trains, and who pursued the stage in which he trav-
elled. When he reached Philadelphia he was at fust
under Du Pont, but was soon sent West again, under
Commander John Rodgers, to assist in fitting out gun-
boats. He reported to General McClellan at Cincinnati,
and was thenceforth employed in various ways — fitting
gunboats, commanding the receiving-vessel, and purchas-
ing supplies — until August, 1861, when he went to St.
Louis, recruited a number of men, and in September took
them to Cairo, Illinois, tor the gunboats. Naval officers
reported to general officers, and until Jul}', 1 862, were part
of army. Colonel Grant went down with him, in the same
boat, to take command at Cairo. After that time events
of importance occurred in rapid succession. Lieutenant
Bishop became executive officer under Walke, in Foote's
squadron, in which capacity he was present at several gun-
boat engagements, and at the battle of Belmont, which
was Grant's first battle of the Civil War. His next duty
was as aid to Foote at St. Louis. Then he was sent with
Fads, the engineer and contractor for the "Benton,"
to get her down to Cairo at a very low stage of water.
In the " Benton," Lieutenant Bishop was in the actions
at Columbus, Island No. 10, Fort Pillow, and Memphis.
On the way down he captured a rebel steamer in sight
of the retreating fleet and out of sight of the Union fleet.
At Memphis he boarded the " General Bragg," saved
her from being blown up by a train which had been laid
to her magazine, and caulked the shot-holes in her, so
that she was preserved as a prize. As a reward for his
gallantry he was assigned to the command of the vessel.
He commanded the " General Bragg" when the rebel
ram " Arkansas" ran down through the fleet, and in the
subsequent operations until the fall of Vicksburg. His
health having become bad, he then applied for relief. The
thanks of Congress were given to the officers and men of
the squadrons of Rear-Admirals Foote and Davis f< »r their
long series of actions, beginning with Forts Henry and
Donelson, in almost all of which Commander Bishop
took part.
Commander Bishop was upon the blockade for a short
time, and was also stationed at the Naval Academy.
He has made extensive cruises in foreign waters, serving
in the " Wyoming," " Saranac," " Pensacola," " Benicia,"
"Plymouth," and "Galena." Lis last cruise was in
command of the " Iroquois" among the South-Sea
Islands.
He is at present assistant to the Superintendent of the
U. S. Naval Observatory.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
4«
COLONEL Z. R. BLISS.
Colonel Z. R. Bliss was appointed a cadet at West
Point in 1850. Graduated in 1854. Was appointed
brevet second lieutenant Sixteenth Infantry, and ordered
to Fort Duncan, Texas. Served at various forts in Texas
until 1 86 1, part of the time in command of a company.
On April 5, 1 86 1, he left Fort Quitman with his com-
pany and joined the command of Colonel Reeve, and
marched with that command six hundred and fifty miles
to San Antonio, Texas. On May 9, 1861, when they
were about fifteen miles from San Antonio, they were
met by a large force of over two thousand men, under
rebel General Earl Van Dorn, consisting of a regiment
of infantry, one of cavalry, a battery of six pieces of
artillery, and an independent company of about one hun-
dred men. When met by the rebels, Colonel Reeve's
command had only about a dozen rounds of ammunition
per man and one day's rations; an unconditional surren-
der was demanded, and, after some parley, Colonel Reeve
surrendered his command ; but as Lieutenant Bliss was
only a junior first lieutenant, and was not consulted in
the matter, he was not responsible for the surrender.
1 le remained a prisoner of war for nearly a year, most
of the time confined in the negro jail at Richmond. In
May, 1862, he was appointed colonel of the Tenth Rhode
Island Volunteers and served with it till August, when
he was appointed colonel of the Seventh Rhode Island
Volunteers, and remained with it until honorably mus-
tered out after the close of the war. Commanded the
regiment during the Fredericksburg campaign, and after
the first battle of Fredericksburg was recommended for
promotion to rank of brigadier-general, but, in conse-
quence of his having been present at the surrender in
Texas, this recommendation was not carried out. In
fact, no officer who was present with Colonel Reeve at
the surrender was promoted during the war, although
several of them were strongly recommended for advance-
ment. In 1863 Colonel Bliss was transferred with his
regiment to Kentucky, and thence to Vicksburg and
Jackson in the campaign after Johnson, and at the con-
clusion was recommended, this time by General Grant,
for promotion. Commanded the District of Middle Ten-
nessee during the winter of 1863-64. It was an impor-
tant command, including a large fort and several regi-
ments, and protecting about two million rations for
Sherman's army. In 1864 Colonel Bliss was again
recommended for promotion to rank of brigadier-general.
Colonel Bliss remained in command of District of Mid-
dle Tennessee until the regiment he commanded was
transferred to the East, and he was assigned to the com-
mand of First Brigade, Second Division, Ninth Army
Corps, and commanded it in the Wilderness, where he
6
was brevetted for gallant and meritorious services. He
was in command of the brigade to Spottsylvania, where
he was injured by his horse jumping on him in crossing
a stream at night. He commanded the brigade in the
mine which was constructed by a regiment of his brigade,
and at the explosion of the mine and ensuing battle, and
received a very complimentary letter from his division
commander, General R. B. Potter. He remained in
command of the brigade until the early fall, when he was
obliged to take a sick-leave. After being absent some
weeks he was placed on light duty on a board of officers, as
president, and remained on that duty till the close of the
war in the following spring, when he was mustered out
of the volunteer service. Transferred with his company
to South Carolina in 1866, and given command of the
district of Chester. He was acting assistant commis-
sioner of the Bureau of Freedmen, and had charge of
all the civil and military business of that district. In
August was ordered on recruiting service, receiving the
detail for having served longer in the field during the
rebellion than any other officer in the regiment. In
August, 1867, promoted major of Thirty-ninth Infantry.
Commanded part of Jackson Barracks, Forts Jackson
and St. Philip, till 1870, when he was transferred with his
regiment to Texas, commanding various forts there, and
for more than a year the regiment. In 187S he was or-
dered to command the principal depot for general recruit-
ing service. In 1880 was promoted lieutenant-colonel
of Nineteenth Infantry. In 1S86 was made colonel of
Twenty-fourth Infantry, of which he still remains in com-
mand. This officer has served longer on the South-
western frontier than any other officer ever in the ser-
vice.
4-1
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD XAVY {regular*
MEDICAL DIRECTOR DEL A VAN BLOODGOOD,
U.S.N.
Medical Director Delavan Blood d, U.S.N.,
was born in Erie County, New York, in 1831. Commis-
sioned as assistant surgeon March, 1857. Passed assist-
ant surgeon December, 1861. Surgeon January 24,
1S62. Medical inspector February 3, 1875. Medical
director August, 1884.
llis first service was on board the "Merrimac," on the
Pacific station, from 1857 to i860. Then attached to the
" Mohawk'," on special service in the West Indies, to inter-
cept slaving vessels. The " Mohawk" made several cap-
tures, and then (without the sanctii in of the administration)
aided in preserving the forts at Key West and Tortugas
when the stormy days of the inception of the great rebel-
lion were at hand. When the first secessions occurred,
the " Mohawk" convoyed from Texas the troops involved
in the Twiggs surrender, and then went upon the first
blockade established during the war, off Pensacola. In
November, 1S61, Dr. Bloodgood was detached from the
" Mohawk," and, on the way north, by transport steamer,
arrived off Port Royal at the time of the battle there,
and was ordered to the transport " Atlantic," in charge of
a detachment of the sick and wounded for conveyance
to the hospital at New York. He was next assigned for
duty on board the steam-sloop "Dakota," and served
on board that vessel till near the close of the war. In
her he participated in the various operations about
Hampton Roads, from the first appearance of the rebel
ram " Merrimac" until her destruction, and then co-op-
erated with the army during the first Peninsula cam-
paign. For a short time the ship was in the Gulf of
Mexico and the Mississippi, under Farragut, and next
cruised through the West Indies and off the coast of Nova
Scotia, in search of privateers ; but she was mostly in
service on the blockade off the Carolinas, and in nu-
merous engagements with coast batteries. During this
service, of nearly three years, there occurred on board
an epidemic of yellow fever, and another of small-pox,
each of which necessitated a visit to a Northern port, and
the disinfection of the ship. In returning from service in
this vessel, in 1864, Dr. Bloodgood happened to be one
of those captured and plundered by rebel raiders in the
railroad train taken near Gunpowder River. After ser-
vice on board the " .Michigan," and the receiving-ship
"Vermont," he joined the sloop-of-war "Jamestown," in
February, 1867, at Panama, when an extremely virulent
type of yellow fever was raging on board. In conse-
quence, the ship was sent to Sitka for disinfection, and
remained there until the following spring, when she was
put out of commission at the Mare Island Yard. He
then joined the " Lackawanna," on the Mexican coast,
and after that cruise had shore duty at New York.
In May, 1872, was ordered to the "Plymouth," of the
European Squadron, and thence, via India, to the China
station, where he served on board the flag-ships " Colo-
rado," "Lackawanna," and " Hartford," as fleet-surgeon
for two years. Then he was transferred to Pacific station
as fleet-surgeon, but soon detached and ordered home to
duty at New York. Was fleet- surgeon of the European
station, in flag-ship "Trenton," 1877-79. On ms return
was in charge of the Naval Hospital at New York, and
then of the Naval Laboratory, and next had charge of
the Naval Hospital at Norfolk, Virginia. In 18S7 he
was ordered to the Naval Laboratory at New York', in
which position he still continues. Dr. Bloodgood is an
alumnus of Madison University, Hamilton, New York,
and of Jefferson Medical College, at Philadelphia; mem-
ber of the Phi Beta Kappa; the Military Order of the
Loyal Legion of the United States ; the Holland Society ;
the St. Nicholas Society, of Nassau Island; the Univer-
sity Club, of New York ; the St. Nicholas Club, of New
York, and Hamilton Club, of Brooklyn.
117/0 SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
43
REAR-ADMIRAL CHARLES S. BOGGS.
Rear-Admiral Charles S. Bonus was born in New
Jersey January 28, 181 1 ; appointed midshipman from the
same State November 1, 1826; attached to sloop-of-war
" Warren," Mediterranean Squadron, 1829-32. Pro-
moted to passed midshipman April 28, 1832; receiving-
ship at New York, 1832-35 ; rendezvous, New York, 1836.
Commissioned as lieutenant September 6, 1837; sloop
" Saratoga," coast of Africa, 1840-43. Was an active par-
ticipant in the burning of five villages on the coast ; Home
Squadron, 1846-47; present at the siege of Vera Cruz;
commanded the boat expedition from the " Princeton" that
destroyed the LT. S. brig " Truxton," after her surrender to
the Mexicans; receiving-ship at New York, 1848-51 ; navy-
yard, New York, 1852-54; inspector, etc., New York, 1855.
Commissioned as commander September 14, 1855 ; com-
manding mail-steamer "Illinois," 1856-58; light-house
inspector, 1860-61 ; commanded sloop-of-war " Varuna,"
at the passage of Forts Jackson and St. Philip, April 24,
1862. The " Varuna" was the only one of Farragut's
squadron lost at the battle of New Orleans. She was
attacked by two of the rebel rams and badly damaged,
and her commander, finding his vessel sinking, ran her
into the bank and made fast to the trees. Captain Boggs
fought his vessel gallantly to the last. Commissioned as
captain Jul\- 16, 1S62; commanding steam-sloop " Juni-
ata," 1863 ; special duty, New York, 1864-66. Commis-
sioned as commodore July 25, 1866; commanding steamer
" De Soto," North Atlantic Squadron, 1867-68; special
duty, 1869-72. Promoted to rear-admiral July, 1870.
He died in 1877.
Always an excellent and most reliable officer, his
conduct in command of the " Varuna" elicited the praise
even of his adversaries. Being in the First Division at
the passage of the Mississippi forts, and having a fast
ship, he outstripped his consorts, and chased the enemy
alone until he was surrounded by them. At first, in the
darkness, the Confederates did not attack him, thinking
him one of their own squadron. But Boggs soon ap-
prised them of his identity by a rapid fire from both sides.
Three of the enemy were driven ashore in flames, and
one large steamer, with troops on board, drifted ashore
with an exploded boiler, the result of this encounter. At
daylight the " Varuna" was attacked by two vessels at
the same time, the " Governor Moore" and the " Stone-
wall Jackson." The " Moore" was a ram, commanded
by an ex-ofheer of the navy, and they treated the " Va-
runa" very badly, penetrating her below water, and killing
and wounding a number of her crew. But the " Varuna's"
people stuck to their guns, and finally drove off the two,
completely disabled for further conflict, besides being on
fire. The details of this encounter (most exciting) can-
not be given. Admiral Porter says, in his account of the
fight, " This ended the irregular fighting with the Con-
federate vessels ; ten of them had been sunk or destroyed,
while the ' Varuna,' with her two adversaries, lay at the
bottom of the river, near the bank, evidence of the
gallantry of Boggs."
Admiral Boggs had the respect of all who knew him,
whether in the service or out of it. He was perfectly
modest and unostentatious in deportment, while dignified
and officer-like at all times.
44
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
CAPTAIN EDWARD C. BOWERS, U.S.N.
Captain Edward C. Bowers was born in Connec-
ticut. Before entering the navy he served in the mer-
chant service and in the Permian and Greek navies.
The nautical experience thus gained proved of great
value to him in his subsequent career as an officer of
the U. S. Navy. Appointed from Connecticut to the
grade of midshipman February 2, 1829 His first cruise
was on the sloop-of-war " St. Louis," attached to the Pa-
cific Squadron, 1829-31 ; served on schooner " Dolphin."
Pacific Squadron, as acting lieutenant, 1832. He was
then ordered to Navy- Yard, Boston, where he served
during the years 1833-34. Promoted to passed mid-
shipman July 3, 1835 ; was attached to frigate " Constel-
lation," West Indies Squadron, 1836-38. His next cruise
was on the flag-ship " Ohio," Mediterranean Squad-
ron, in 1839; attached to receiving-ship " Boston," 1840.
Commissioned as lieutenant April 26, 1S41 ; receiving-
ship, Boston, 1842-45. He was then ordered to the
steamer " Princeton," and cruised on her in the Gulf of
Mexico, 1846; transferred to ordnance transport " Elec-
tra," 1847; and from her again transferred, this time to
sloop-of war " Decatur," on which vessel he made a full
cruise on the coast of Africa during the years 1847-50;
at the expiration of his cruise on the " Decatur," he was
at once ordered to the sloop " Plymouth," and went in
her to the East Indies, where he served during the years
[851-52; receiving-ship, New York, 1852-54; retired,
[855. It will be seen from the foregoing statement of
services that Captain Bowers, from the date of his origi-
nal entry into the service, February 2, 1829, up to the
time of his retirement in 1 85 5, was almost constantly
employed at sea, and in fact few officers of his date had
so good a record of active and continuous service afloat.
Rendezvous, Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 1861-63.
Commissioned as commander July 21, 1861 ; command-
ing receiving-ship " Vandalia," Portsmouth, New Hamp-
shire, 1864-65. Commissioned as captain 1867.
Captain Bovvers was retired (in conformity with the
Act of February 28, 1S55, and its amendments, January
16, 1857, March 10, 1858, and May II, 1858) on the
13th September, 1855, as stated above, but was on duty
at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, during the Civil War.
Captain Bowers served in the Mexican and Seminole
wars, ami also under Commodores Hull, Bainbridge,
Stewart, Perry, and Chauncey.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
45
COLONEL ALBERT GALLATIN BRACKETT (retired).
Colonel Albert Gallatin Brackett was born in
Otsego Count)-, New York, on the 14th day of February,
1829. In 1846 he removed to Indiana, and in June,
1 847, became second lieutenant in the Fourth Indiana
Volunteers in the Mexican War, and was promoted first
lieutenant during the same month. His regiment was
attached to General Joseph Lane's brigade, and partici-
pated in the skirmishes at Paso de Ovejas and La Hoya,
the battle of Huamantla, the siege of Puebla, and the
bombardment of Atlixco in September and October,
1847. He served until the close of the war and was hon-
orably discharged on the 16th of July, 1848.
On the 3d of March, 1855, he was appointed captain
from Indiana, in the Second Regiment of Cavalry, and
after raising a company in Indiana and Illinois, was sent
to Texas to fight the Indians, who were then very trou-
blesome. He met and defeated the Lipans on Guada-
lupe River in March, 1856, recapturing much valuable
property ; the Comanches at Arroyo de las Encinas
February 1, 1857, and near Presidio de San Vincente,
Chihuahua, May 2, 1 859, for which he received the thanks
of General Scott, commanding the army. He was en-
gaged in suppressing the Cortinas troubles near Browns-
ville, and along the Rio Grande frontier in i860.
When the Civil War broke out he went with his com-
pany to Key West, Florida, and thence to Havana, Cuba,
and from there to New York and Carlisle Barracks,
where lie refitted and was sent to Washington, taking
part in the battles of Blackburn's Ford and Bull Run in
July, 1861. He became colonel of the Ninth Regiment
of Illinois Cavalry in October, 1861, and participated in
the actions at the Waddell Farm, Stewart's Plantation,
and Cache Bayou, Arkansas, in June, 1862, being severely
wounded at Stewart's Plantation, where he saved a valu-
able train from falling into the hands of the Confederates.
He was promoted major in the First Cavalry on the 17th
of July, 1862, and served as chief of cavalry, Department
of Missouri, in 1862-63.
He was placed in command of the Second Brigade of
the Cavalry Division, Sixteenth Army Corps (Army of the
Tennessee), in West Tennessee in January and February,
1864, and was engaged in defending the Memphis and
Charleston Railroad. As acting inspector-general of
cavalry, he participated in the siege of Atlanta, Georgia,
battle of Ezra Church, Georgia, and back to Nashville !
with General Thomas, taking part in the battle of Nash-
ville, Tennessee, in December, 1864. Received the bre-
vets of major, lieutenant-colonel, and colonel, for gallant
and meritorious services during the war.
Commanded several posts in the Departments of Cali-
fornia and Columbia, and the Districts of Nevada and
Summit Lake, assisting materially in quelling the hostile
Pi Ute Indian disturbances in 1866-67 and 1868.
Went from Fort McPherson with four troops of the
regiment to Montana in May, June, and July, 1869. Held
a council with the Crow Indians and distributed goods
to them on the Yellowstone River in December, 1869.
While in command of Fort Steele he quieted disturbances
among coal-miners at Carbon. Sent to Fort Sanders in
Wyoming, and from there in 1877, with six more troops
of the Second Cavalry, to Fort Custer, which post he
helped to construct. He was promoted colonel of the
Third Cavalry.
In the field operating against the Ute Indians, who
had massacred Thornburg's command, a portion of which
belonged to his regiment, from October to December,
1879. In command of Fort Laramie and of Fort Rus-
sell, Wyoming, from July, 1879, to May, 1882, when he
was sent to Arizona with his regiment to operate against
the hostile Apaches. Met the head men of the Apaches
in council at Fort Thomas, Arizona, in May, 1882, when
they made their grievances known. Was in command
of field operations against the Apaches in July and Au-
gust, 1882.
Superintendent Mounted Recruiting Service at Jeffer-
son Barracks, Missouri, from October 1, 1882, to October
1, 1884. In command of his regiment at Whipple Bar-
racks, Arizona, from 1884 to March, 1885, when he
marched the Third Cavalry through Arizona, New Mexico,
and a part of Chihuahua, Mexico, to Fort Davis, Texas,
and in command of that post from May 12 to October
24, 1887, when he took command of Fort Clark, Texas,
and remained there until January 9, 1890, when he
marched to Fort Mcintosh. Was retired February 18,
1 89 1. Colonel Brackett is the author of " Lane's Brigade
in Central Mexico," and " History of U. S. Cavalry."
46
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
REAR-ADMIRAL D. L. BRAINE.
Rear-Admiral D. L. Bkaine was born in New York.
Appointed midshipman from Texas, May 30, 1846.
Served during the Mexican War in the Home Squadron,
and present at capture of Alvarado, Tabasco, Tuspan,
Laguna, Tampico, and Vera Cruz. In 1848 he was at-
tached to the sloop-of-war "John Adams," of the Home
Squadron. During 1849-50 served in the sloop-of-war
" St. Mary's," of the East India Squadron. In 1850-51
in the steam-sloop "Saranac," of Home Squadron. At
the Naval Academy in 1852.
Promoted to passed midshipman June 8, 1852, and
ordered to the sloop-of-war " St. Louis," of the Mediter-
ranean Squadron, where he remained from 1853 to 1855.
In 1855 he was promoted to the rank of master. Com-
missioned as lieutenant September 15, 1858. During
1856 and 1857 he had been employed upon the Coast
Survey. During the period between 1858 and i860 he
served on the coast of Africa in the sloop-of-war " Vin-
cennes."
When the Civil War occurred he was ordered to com-
mand the " Monticello," of the North Atlantic Blockad-
ing Squadron. Had an engagement with the rebel
batter)' at Sewell's Point, Virginia, May 19, 1861, which
lasted for more than an hour, and was the first naval en-
gagement of the war. Present at the attack anil capture
of Forts Hatteras and Clark, August, 1861, and October
5, 1861. Lieutenant Braine engaged the enemy at Kim-
mekerk Woods, above Cape Hatteras, and, after exchang-
ing shots with their gun-boats, dispersed two regiments of
infantry, sank two barges, and rescued the Twentieth
Indiana Regiment, which was surrounded. In Novem-
ber, 1 86 1, Lieutenant Braine engaged and silenced a two-
gun battery at Inderal Point, North Carolina, and dis-
mounted one of the guns. It must be remembered that
his vessel was a purchased one.
Commissioned as lieutenant-commander Julv 15, 1S62.
During 1862-64 numerous engagements with Forts
Fisher and Caswell. Besides the " Monticello," during
this period, was in command of the " Vicksburg" and
" Pequot." Commanded the " Pequot" during the attacks
upon Fort Fisher, also at Fort Anderson, and at three
other forts on the Cape E'ear River, as the fleet advanced
to Wilmington, North Carolina. Lieutenant-Commander
Braine was on ordnance duty at the navy-yard at New
York in 1866-67. Was commissioned commander July
25, 1 866, and commanded the steamer " Shamokin," of
the Brazil Squadron, during 1868. Was on equipment
duty at the New York Navy- Yard, 1869-72. Com-
manded " Juniata," European station, 1874-75. Commis-
sioned as captain December 11, 1874. Commanded
reeeiving-ship " Colorado," 1875-78. Commanded " Pow-
hatan," North Atlantic station, 1879-81. Member of
Board of Inspection and Survey 1884-85. Promoted
commodore March, 1885, and upon special duty at New
York. Promoted rear-admiral September 4, 1887. Com-
| manded the South Atlantic station 1 886-88. After being
again on special duty, Rear-Admiral Braine commanded
the navy-yard at New York in 1889-91. He was retired
by operation of law in 1891.
While Commander Braine was in the " Juniata," he
went north to look for the " Polaris," and from this ship
j Lieutenant De Long went to Cape York (latitude, 760
north,) in the steam-cutter.
During the same commission, the "Juniata" received
at Santiago de Cuba over one hundred of the " Vir-
| ginius's" prisoners.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
47
COLONEL GEORGE M. BRAYTON.
Colonel George M. Brayton was born in Massa-
chusetts February 24, 1834; appointed from Ohio (civil
life) as a first lieutenant Fifteenth Infantry May 14, 1861 ;
promoted to captain January 3, 1863; transferred to
Thirty-third Infantry September 21, 1866, and again
transferred to Eighth Infantry May 3, 1869; commis-
sioned major Fifteenth Infantry February 6, 1882; lieu-
tenant-colonel Ninth Infantry September 6, 1886, and
colonel Ninth Infantry in 1892.
He was on recruiting duty from Jul}-, 1 86 1, to May,
1862; regimental quartermaster from May, 1862, to Jan-
uary, 1863, from whence he was ordered as mustering
and disbursing officer at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. In
October, 1863, he joined his regiment, which was then
in the field at Chattanooga, Tennessee, and with it was en-
gaged in the battle of Missionary Ridge and the action
at Taylor's Bridge, Georgia. For gallant and meritorious
services at Missionary Ridge he was brevetted major
U. S A. He again acted as mustering and disbursing
officer at Louisville, Kentucky, in October, 1864, and
from December, 1864, to May, 1865, he was commanding
Third Battalion, Fifteenth Infantry; provost-marshal
District of Etowah from January to July, 1865; as-
sistant inspector-general Department of Georgia from
August to December, 1865. He was with his regiment
from January to May, 1S66. From May to July, 1866,
he commanded Batteries Gladden and Mcintosh, Mobile
Bay, and from July, 1866, to January, 1867, he com-
manded Fort Morgan, Alabama. On being transferred
to the Thirty-third Infantry lie joined company at Macon,
Georgia, from whence he did service to Atlanta, and post
at Augusta ; in Montgomery, Alabama ; Huntsville, Ala-
bama ; Selma, Alabama ; Fort Macon, North Carolina;
Columbia and Newbury, South Carolina. In October,
1870, he was ordered north to David's Island, New York
harbor, and remained there until he was transferred West
to Fort Rice, Dakota. From August to October, 1872,
Colonel Brayton was on Yellowstone Expedition to
escort surveying party of the Northern Pacific Railroad
from Fort Rice west to Yellowstone River, Montana, and
return. After completion of this he was ordered to Fort
Russell, Utah, and then to join his regiment in Depart-
ment of Arizona.
48
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY {regular)
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL AND BREVET BRIGADIER-
GENERAL SAMUEL BRECK.
Lieutenant-Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-Gen-
eral Samuel Breck (Adjutant-General's Department)
was born at Middleborough, Plymouth County, Massa-
chusetts, February 25, 1834 (eighth generation from
Edward Breck, who came to Dorchester, Massachusetts,
from Ashton, England, in 1635). He was graduated
from the Military Academy July 1, 1855; promoted to
brevet second lieutenant of artillery and second lieutenant,
First Artillery, same day.
He served in the Florida hostilities against the Semi-
nole Indians in 1855-56, and then was in garrison at
Fort Moultrie, South Carolina, and Fort McHenry,
Maryland, to 1859, when he was transferred to duty in
the Southwest, and marched from Helena, Arkansas, to
Fort Clark, Texas, during the same year. He then
returned to duty at Fort Moultrie, South Carolina, where
he remained until i860, when he was detailed at the
Military Academy as assistant professor of geography,
history, and ethics to April 26, 1861, and then became
principal assistant professor of geography, history, and
ethics, which position he occupied to December 3, 1861,
in the mean time having again been promoted first lieu-
tenant, First Artillery, April 11, 186 1, which grade he
held to February 20, 1862. He was appointed captain
and assistant adjutant-general November 29, 1861, and
served in the war of the Rebellion from 186 1 to 1866,
being assistant adjutant-general of General McDowell's
division (Army of the Potomac) in the defences of
Washington, D. C, to March 24, 1862, when he took
the field as assistant adjutant-general of the First Army
Corps and of the Department of the Rappahannock,
being engaged in the "occupation of Fredericksburg,
Virginia," April 18, 1862, and in the "expedition to the
Shenandoah Valley," to intercept the retreat of the rebel
forces under General Jackson, May and June, 1862.
Captain Breck was appointed major and additional aide-
de-camp May 2^, 1862, and major and assistant adjutant-
general July 17, 1862, and ordered to duty in the adjutant-
general's office at Washington, D. C, where he remained
until 1869, in charge of rolls, returns, books, blanks, and
business pertaining to the enlisted men of the regular
and volunteer forces, and of the records of discontinued
commands and the preparation and publication of the
" Volunteer Army Register."
At the close of the war he was made brevet lieutenant-
xolonel September 24, 1864, " for meritorious and faithful
services during the Rebellion;" brevet colonel March 1 3,
1865, "for diligent, faithful, and meritorious services in
the Adjutant- General's Department during the Rebel-
lion;" brevet brigadier-general, U.S.A., March 13, 1S65,
" for diligent, faithful, and meritorious services in the
Adjutant-General's Department during the Rebellion."
Since 1870 General Breck has had extended service
throughout the country, his posts of duty having been
in California, New York, Washington, D. C, Minnesota,
Nebraska, and again at Washington, D. C, where he is
now on duty.
He was appointed lieutenant-colonel and assistant
adjutant-general February 28, 1887.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
49
BRIGADIER-GENERAL JOSEPH CABELL BRECKIN-
RIDGE. INSPECTOR-GENERAL, U.S.A.
Brigadier-General Joseph Cabell Breckinridge
was born at Baltimore January 14, 1842. The son of the
eminent theologian, Robert Jefferson Breckinridge, and
grandson of Senator John Breckinridge, attorney-general
under Jefferson, he is, through his mother, descended from
General Francis Preston and General William Campbell,
"the hero of King's Mountain." Educated at the Uni-
versity of Virginia, he abandoned the study of law to
join General Nelson, and August 26, 1861, became acting
assistant adjutant-general of his force. General George
H. Thomas, succeeding to the command, appointed him
an aide-de-camp. He was present at the repulse and
overthrow of Zollicoffer at Mill Spring, Kentucky, re-
ceiving mention from Thomas, and the campaign through
Nashville to Shiloh. At Corinth he received, as a re-
ward of gallantry at Mill Spring, a commission in Bat-
tery B, Second (regular) Artillery, dated April 14, 1862.
With his battery he was at Forts Pickens and Barrancas,
and Pensacola, and joined the Army of the Tennessee
before Atlanta. When McPherson was killed, July 22.
1864, he was captured and sent to Charleston to be ex-
posed to the fire of Union guns. Exchanged in a special
cartel, he reached home broken in health, and served as
mustering officer till the close of the war. He was bre-
vetted captain July 26, 1864, and major March 13, 1865,
" for gallant and meritorious conduct in front of At-
lanta," and " during the war."
After the war lie went with his regiment from Fort
Mc Henry to California via the Isthmus of Panama. In
1870 he became adjutant of the Artillery School at Fort
Monroe. Promoted to a captaincy June 17, 1874. he
was assigned to the command of Fort Foote, and in 1877
of the artillery troops at Washington Arsenal. Promoted
in 1 88 1 major and assistant inspector-general, and or-
dered to the Pacific coast, where he served successively
on the staffs of Generals McDowell, Schofield, and Pope,
until 1885, when he was transferred to the Military Di-
vision of the Missouri, on the staffs of Generals Scho-
field and Terry. During the summer of 1 8S4 he received
leave for a year, which he spent in foreign travel and in
the stud\r of the armies of Europe. Pie was successively
promoted to be lieutenant-colonel and colonel, and in
1889 inspector-general of the army, with the rank of
brigadier-general.
Since he was senior inspector-general of the army an
unusual number of changes have occurred, requiring great
and exacting labor from him and improving the efficiency
of the army. Thus, G. O. No. 50, A. G. O. 1889, for-
bids unnecessary military performance and inspection on
Sunday; the Army Regulations of 18S9 improve the
post schools ; G. O. No. 15, 1890, improve the instruction
in colleges where officers of the army are detailed ; a
regular officer was named in [891, for the first time, to
inspect and instruct the militia camp of every State in the
Union ; all inspections were applied equally to every
branch of the service; G. O. No. 1 1, A. G. O. 1891, re-
duced the delay in receiving post-inspection reports
about one-half, and gave increased promptness and thor-
oughness to remedial action ; every effort is being made
to get younger and better men, and horses, and rations,
and establish gymnasiums, riding-halls, and soldiers' in-
stitutes ; and all unnecessary restrictions upon the legal
rights of enlisted men have been removed, and the
number of articles kept for sale at army posts has been
doubled; the allowance of baggage has been increased,
and an increased allowance of quarters has been recom-
mended.
In personal appearance General Breckinridge is a
typical Kentuckian, and well sustains the standard of the
Inspector-General's Department for soldierly bearing ; he
is six feet in height, of athletic build and striking pres-
ence, possessing the conversational powers for which his
family are justly famous, and his flow of wit and anecdote
is unfailing.
So
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN KIDDER RANDOLPH BREESE, U.S.N.
Captain Kidder Randolph Bkeese, U.S.N., was born
in Philadelphia. Appointed midshipman November 6,
1846, from Rhode Island; February, 1 847, was ordered
to the "Saratoga," Commander Farragut, and served in
heron the Mexican coast during the war. In the spring
of 1S4S ordered to the frigate " Brandywine ;" served in
the " Brandywine" until the expiration of her cruise,
December, 1850. February, 1S51, joined the frigate
" St. Laurence," then loading at New York' with articles
for the World's Fair, at London, and made that cruise in
her, returning in September, 1X51. Passed midshipman
June, 1852, and was ordered to the " Mississippi," flag-
ship of Commodore M. C. Pern-, commanding japan
Expedition. On the return of the " Mississippi" to the
United States, in June, 1S55, was detached and granted
leave. In July was ordered on Coast Survey duty, and
was engaged on that work until August, 185S. Was then
ordered to the "Preble," on the Paraguay Expedition,
serving in that expedition and afterwards on the Mos-
quito coast, off Greytown, until September, 1859, when
he was invalided home with Isthmus fever. December,
i860, was ordered to the " Portsmouth," on the coast of
Africa. Served on board the " Portsmouth" until August,
i860, when he joined the " San Jacinto." Remained on
board the "San Jacinto" until the expiration of her cruise,
December, 1S61, during which upward of fifteen hundred
slaves were captured on the coast of Africa, and Messrs.
Slidell and Mason were taken from the " Trent." Decem-
ber, 1S61, was ordered to the command of the Third Di-
vision of Porter's Mortar Flotilla, and participated in the
attack on New Orleans and Vicksburg, in 1862. Was
recommended for promotion by Captain Porter for ser-
vices at this time. July, l862,was made lieutenant-com-
mander upon the establishment of that grade. October,
1862, joined Admiral Porter in the Mississippi Squadron,
and took command of his flag-ship, the " Black Hawk."
Served in that capacity during Admiral Porter's com-
mand, and was present or connected with all the most
important operations on the Mississippi River and its
tributaries during that officer's command. At the close
of the Red River Expedition was recommended, with
certain other commanding officers, for promotion to
commander. On Admiral Porter being ordered, in Sep-
tember, 1864, to command the North Atlantic Blockad-
ing Squadron, was selected by him as his fleet-captain,
and served in that capacity until May, 1865, when hos-
tilities ceased. As fleet-captain was in both engagements
at Fort Fisher, and in the subsequent operations in Cape
Fear River. Commanded the sailors and marines in the
naval assault on Fort Fisher, and was recommended by
Admiral Porter for immediate promotion for services on
that occasion. August, 1865, was ordered to the Naval
Academy, and served there until September, 1866, as
assistant to the superintendent, Admiral Porter. June,
1867, to the Washington Navy-Yard, as inspector of
ordnance. July, 1869, was detached from the navy-yard.
June 29, 1870, ordered to the command of the " Ply-
mouth," European Squadron. Detached from "Plymouth"
in October, 1872. December, 1S72, ordered to duty in
the Bureau oft )rdnance, Navy Department, and in June,
1873, to the Naval Academy, as commandant of mid-
shipmen. Commissioned as captain August 9, 1874, and
in November, 1874, was, at his own request, detached
from the Naval Academy. In January, 1875, ordered to
report to the superintendent of the Coast Survey for duty
as hydrographic inspector, and in June, 1875, was de-
tached and ordered to the command of Torpedo station,
Newport, Rhode Island, where he served until 1879.
Commanding " Pensacola," Pacific station, 1879-S0.
Died September 15, 1881.
J 1 7/0 SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
Si
CAPTAIN HENRY F. BREWERTON.
Captain Henry I1'. Brewerton (Fifth Artillery) was
born in New York June 30, 1838, and entered the mili-
tary service from civil life, having been appointed second
lieutenant of the Fifth U. S. Artillery May 14, 186 1. He
was assigned to Light Batter}- K, and was at the Light-
Artillery School of Instruction at Camp Cameron, Penn-
sylvania, and with the Artillery Reserve of the Army of
the Potomac until January, 1862, when he was made
signal officer of the Artillery Brigade, and served in that
capacity to March, 1862, at which time he was promoted
first lieutenant. He was then detailed on recruiting ser-
vice, and on mustering and disbursing duty, and assistant
commissary of musters of the Department of the Sus-
quehanna to July, 1864. Joining Light Battery B, Fifth
Artillery, at Cumberland, Maryland, he served with it to
October, 1866.
Captain Brewerton participated in the Peninsula cam-
paign from Manassas (including siege of Yorktown,
Williamsburg to Chickahominy), and in command of
section of light artillery protecting passage of troops
during battles of Fair ( )aks and Seven Pines, and during
battles of seven days (Gaines' Mill, Mechanicsville, and
Malvern Hill) with Horse Batten- C, Third Artillery,
under General Stoneman. He commanded a section
covering the retreat of the army with General Averell ;
he commanded a section of Horse Battery C, Third
Artillery, at White Oak Swamp and White Oak Swamp
Bridge ; he was witli General Sheridan in the Shenandoah
campaign and commanded Light Battery B, Fifth Artil-
lery, but was captured October 19, 1S64, and prisoner of
war in Libby Prison, Virginia, from October, 1864, to
April, 1S65, exchanged. At the termination of the war
he received the brevet of captain, to date from October
19, 1864, " for gallant and meritorious services in the
battle of Cedar Creek, Virginia," and was promoted
captain September 18, 1868.
He served from 1866 to 1873 at Fort Monroe, Vir-
ginia ; Camp Williams, Richmond, Va. ; Fort Jefferson,
Dry Tortugas, Fla. ; Fort Preble, Maine ; and St. Al-
bans, New York, during the Fenian raid, and was on
special duty at Newport, Rhode Island, under the orders
of the major-general commanding the division, and was
transferred, in 1873, to the light battery of the regiment
at Fort Adams, Rhode Island. His station was changed
in February, 1875, to Charleston, South Carolina, and in
1877 was detailed to proceed to Louisville, Kentucky, to
purchase horses for light-artillery service. This kept
him until July, 187S, when he was ordered to Atlanta,
Georgia. In July, 188 1, Captain Brewerton was detailed
as a member of the Light- Artillery Board at Washington,
D.C., which duty was completed in September of the
same year, when he rejoined his battery at McPherson
Barracks, Atlanta. On December 6, 1 88 1 , he was ordered
to Fort Hamilton, New York, in command of Light Bat-
tery F, from which he was relieved and transferred to
Batten- C, at Fort Monroe, Virginia, as instructor at the
Artillery School, December 19, 1882. He was trans-
ferred at his own request from Battery C to Battery K,
January 10, 1883, at Fort Schuyler, New York, and
assumed command of the last-named battery eight days
later.
Upon the transfer of the Fifth Artillery to the Pacific
coast in 1889, Captain Brewerton was stationed at the
Presidio of San Francisco, in command of Battery K,
and was recorder of a Retiring Board at New York City
in 1 89 1. He was placed on special duty in the Depart-
ment of the East in 1892, where he is now located.
While a lieutenant, he was acting regimental quarter-
master in 1861 ; adjutant of the Artillery Reserve of the
Army of the Potomac to January, 1862; battalion ad-
jutant of the Fifth Artillery, acting assistant adjutant-gen-
eral, and inspector-general at Fort Monroe from 1867 to
1869. He commanded the post at Fort Preble, Maine,
in 1870, and a battalion of the Fifth Artillery at St.
Albans, Vermont, during the Fenian raids, as well as
McPherson Barracks, Georgia, from November 12 to
December 6, 1881.
52
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {Regular.
COMMANDER JOHN J. BRICE.
Commander John J. Brice entered the volunteer navy
in August, 1 86 r , at the commencement of the Civil War.
His fust orders were to the U. S. steamer " Freeborn,"
Potomac flotilla; afterwards commanded the schooner
"Bailey," the captured .steamer "Eureka," the "Prim-
rose," and at the end of the war commanded the U. S.
steamer "Don." He was twice promoted for gallant
conduct, and transferred to the regular navy in 1868. He
took part in the following engagements and expeditions:
Engagement with the Shipping Point batteries on the
Potomac River in 1861 ; expedition upon Yorktown in
1862; attack upon the Acquia Creek batteries; engage-
ment with rebel batteries at Belle Plains; landing expe-
dition at Matthias's Point, Potomac River; cutting-out
expedition, Piankatank River, Virginia, 1S62; Glouces-
ter batteries, Rappahannock River, 1862; Jones's Bluff
batteries, Rappahannock River, 1S64; boat expedition
on the Rappahannock River in 1864; at the capture of
Fredericksburg, Virginia, in 1862 ; cutting-out expedition
on Maddox Creek, 1864; landing expedition, Maddox
Creek, and engagements with guerillas in 1864; cutting-
out expedition to Mill Point; engagements with Cockpit
Point batteries in 1861 ; running the Potomac River bat-
teries at night in November, 1 86 1 , and January, 1862;
attack upon Smith Point batteries on the Potomac River
in 1862; attack of rebel rams, James River, 1865 ; cutting-
out expedition, Wicomico River, in 1863; with Grant's
army during the battles of the Wilderness and Spott-
sylvania, protecting the submarine telegraph and the
wounded.
lie joined the U.S. steamer " De Soto" in 1865, and
made a cruise in the West Indies. In 1867 he was
ordered to the U. S. steam-sloop " Quinnebaug," and
served in that vessel in the South Atlantic Squadron until
1S70. He was stationed at the Hydrographic ( )ffice,
in Washington, after his return, but in August of that
year was ordered to the U. S. steamer " Saco," of the
European Squadron, — being afterwards transferred to the
"Franklin." In 1872 he was at the Torpedo School at
Newport. In 1873 lie was attached to the U. S. steamer
" Richmond," of the Pacific fleet, and was transferred to
the U. S. steamer " Saranac," being attached to that
vessel when she was wrecked, at Vancouver, in June,
1875. During 1S76 he was on duty at the Naval Ob-
servatory, in Washington, and, in 1878, was ordered to
the navy-yard at Mare Island. After making a cruise
in the" Lackawanna" in the Pacific, he again returned to
duty at Mare Island, whence he was sent to the Isthmus
of Panama, during the operations of the U. S. forces in
keeping the transit open. In 18S5 he was ordered to the
"Iroquois," of the Pacific Squadron. In 18S8 he took
the course at the Naval War College at Newport ; and
in 1889 was stationed at the navy-yard, Washington. In
1890 he was ordered to duty upon the United States Fish
Commission.
WHO SERVED IN THE C/J IL WAR.
53
PAYMASTER-GF.NERAI. HORATIO BRIDGE, U.S.N.
(RETIRED.)
Paymaster-General Horatio Bridge, U.S.N, (re-
tired), was born in Augusta, Maine, April S, 1S06. He
was educated at Bowdoin College, and graduated in the
class of 1825. He studied law at the Northampton Law
School, and practised it at Augusta for a few years ; then
left the legal profession ami entered the navy February
19, 1838, as purser.
May 3, 1838, he was ordered to the sloop-of-war
" Cyane," and made a cruise of three years in the Mediter-
ranean. December 7, 1843, he was ordered to the sloop-
of-war "Saratoga," and made a cruise of two years on
the west coast of Africa, on returning from which he
published the "Journal of an African Cruiser."
April 1, 1845, he was ordered to the navy-yard at
Portsmouth, New Hampshire.
April 9, 1846, he was ordered to the frigate "United
States," the flag-ship of Commodore Read, and made a
three years' cruise on the African and European stations.
July 17, 1849, he was ordered to the navy-yard, Ports-
mouth, New Hampshire.
November 6, 1851, he was ordered to the sloop-of-
war " Portsmouth," of the Pacific Squadron, from which
vessel he was detached December 3, 1853, and ordered
home.
September 21, 1854, he was appointed chief of the
Bureau of Provisions ami Clothing.
April 8, 1 868, he was transferred to the retired list,
with the title of paymaster-general and relative rank of
commodore.
April 8, 1869, he resigned as chief of bureau.
July 6, 1869, he was appointed chief inspector of pro-
visions and clothing.
February 8, 1873, he was detached from duty, under
the provision of law prohibiting the employment of navy
officers on the retired list except in time of war.
Paymaster-General Bridge now resides at " The Moor-
ings," Athens, Pennsylvania.
He is well known as an accomplished writer and most
capable officer, who enjoyed the intimacy and confidence
of the different Presidents and Secretaries under whom
he served so long in his most responsible position.
54
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY regular)
CAPTAIN HENRY K. BRINKERHOFF.
Captain Henry R. Brinkerhoff (Fifteenth Infantry)
was born in Ohio October 9. 1S36. He entered the vol-
unteer service in the early days of the Rebellion, as first
lieutenant of the Thirtieth 1 Ihio Infantry, August 29,
1861, and participated in the Vicksburg campaign of
1863, being engaged in the siege, assaults, and capture of
Vicksburg, Mississippi, June, and July of that year.
He was honorably mustered out of the Thirtieth Ohio
Infantry July 26, 1863, in order to accept the lieutenant-
colonelcy of the Fifty-second U.S. Colored Troops July
27, and with his regiment participated in the Maryland
campaign of the Army of the Potomac, being engaged
in the battles of South Mountain ami Antietam, Mary-
land, September 15, 16, and 17, 1862, and in the actions
of Coleman's Cross-Roads, Mississippi, in 1S64.
He was in the Department of the South, with colored
troops, from this time until 1S66. He resigned June 20,
[865, but was reappointed lieutenant-colonel of the Fifty-
second U. S. Colored Infantry September 16, 1S65, from
which he was honorably mustered out May 5, 1866.
Colonel Brinkerhoff then entered the regular service,
by receiving the appointment of second lieutenant of the
Fifteenth U.S. Infantry. lime 3, 1867, and served with
his regiment in the Department of the South, in Texas,
New Mexico, and Dakota, at various stations. He was
promoted first lieutenant November 7, 1867, and captain
September iS, 187S. Since joining his regiment lie has
participated in its movements, both by rail- and wagon-
road, and is at present stationed at Fort Sheridan,
Illinois.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
55
CAPTAIN AND BREVET LIEUTENANT-COLONEL
HENRY B. BRISTOL (retired).
Captain and Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel Henry
B. Bristol was born in Detroit, Michigan, April 25,
1S38. Me was appointed second lieutenant of the Fifth
Infantry, May 15, 1S57, from civil life. He participated
in the expedition to Utah under Colonel Albert Sydney
Johnson in 1857. He was at Fort Bridger in 1858, and
Camp Floyd, Utah, in 1859. He was promoted first
lieutenant May 13, 1861, and captain June 1, 1861. He
served during the war of the Rebellion, and was employed
in scouting on the Spanish trail to New Mexico, and
then stationed at Fort Marcy, Albuquerque, and Fort
Defiance, when he participated in the Navajo campaign,
and scouting the San Juan country and Chasco Valley.
Then he was at Forts Craig and Union. He was en-
gaged with Confederates at Los Perios. He pursued
the hostile Texans down the Rio Grande to Fort
Sumner.
He was appointed military superintendent of Navajo
Indians at Bosque Redondo Reservation, and was acting
commissary of subsistence and agent until 1866.
Captain Bristol was brevetted March 13, 1S65, as
major, for " faithful and meritorious services in New
Mexico;" and lieutenant-colonel for " faithful and meri-
torious services in New Mexico, and particularly for his
untiring zeal and energy in controlling the Navajo tribe
of Indians at the Bosque Redondo Reservation, and for
his praiseworthy efforts in advancing their condition from
that of savages to that of civilized men."
In 1S66 Captain Bristol was detailed on recruiting ser-
vice in New York harbor, anil Detroit, Michigan, in
1867. He was then stationed at Bedloe's Island, and
was employed in conducting recruits to San Francisco,
and returned to Chicago on recruiting duty in 1868.
1 [e was at Fort Reynolds, California, in 1869 ; Forts Har-
ker, Larned, and Dodge to 1871, and then was employed
along the line of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Rail-
way, west to the Colorado line, engaged in the Comanche
campaign. He was also engaged in the Sioux campaign,
and at Fort Keogh, Montana, from 1877 to date of re-
tirement, March 20, 1879.
56
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (.regular)
BRIGADIER-GENERAL JOHN R. BROOKE.
Brigadier-General John R. Brooke was burn in
Pennsylvania July 21, 183S. He entered the military
service at the commencement of the war of the Rebellion
as captain in the Fourth Pennsylvania Volunteer Infan-
try April 20, 1861, and was appointed colonel of the
Fifty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers November 7, 1X61,
serving in the field with the Army of the Potomac, 1861-
65 ; he was in command of his regiment in the campaign
commencing March 10, 1862, from the defences of Wash-
ington to the Rappahannock' River, Virginia; returning
to Alexandria, Virginia, thence by transport ships to
Ship Point, York River Bay; was in the campaign cul-
minating in the Seven Days' Battles before Richmond,
Virginia; he was in the second Bull Rim and Antietam
campaigns, August and September, 1862 ; in advance of
reconnoissance from Harper's Ferry to Charlestown,
Virginia, October, 1862 ; in Fredericksburg campaign to
December, 1S62; in Chancellorsville campaign, May,
1863; in Gettysburg campaign to Jul)-, 1 S63 ; in cam-
paign (October, 1863) resulting in the effort of Lee to
turn the right of the Army of the Potomac, during which
occurred the combats at Auburn Mills and Bristoe Sta-
tion ; following this, late in November, was the Mine-
Run campaign, with several combats and skirmishes; in
camp at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, from December 29,
1863, to March 26, 1864; in the Wilderness campaign
of 1864 to Cold Harbor, Virginia, when he was severely
wounded and granted leave of absence to September 16,
1864. Colonel Brooke then received the commission of
brigadier-general of volunteers "for distinguished ser-
vices during the recent battles of the Old Wilderness
and Spottsylvania Court-House, Virginia." During the
war he participated in the siege of Yorktown, battles of
Fair Oaks (wounded), second Bull Run, Antietam, Fred-
ericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg (wounded) ;
skirmishes at Bank's Ford of the Rappahannock and
Thoroughfare Gap, Virginia, as well as a skirmish at
Falling Water, where part of Lee's army crossed the
Potomac, after Gettysburg; combats at Auburn Mills
and Bristoe Station ; several combats and skirmishes in
the Mine Run campaign, November, 1863 ; battle in the
Old Wilderness ; combats on the Po River; successful as-
sault of" Salient" at Spottsylvania Court-House, and again
May 16, 1S64, capturing on May 12 a large number of
prisoners and man}- pieces of artillery ; combats at North
Anna and Tolopotomy ; assault of enemy's works at Cold
Harbor, at daylight on June 3, 1864, during which Colo-
nel Brooke's command penetrated the works and he was
severely wounded. Colonel Brooke exercised the com-
mand of a brigade on numerous occasions during the
war while a colonel, and commanded a special detach-
ment of five regiments of infantry, three regiments of
cavalry, and two batteries of artillery, the advance of a
reconnoissance commanded by General Hancock-, from
Harper's Ferry, Virginia, to Charlestown, Virginia, Octo-
ber, 1S62; camp of veteran volunteers at Harrisburg,
Pennsylvania, December 29, 1863, to March 26, 1864; on
recovering from the wounds received at Cold Harbor,
Colonel Brooke was detailed on special duty to March
1 i, 1865, at which time he joined his command in the
Army of the Shenandoah, where he remained until Au-
gust 10, 1865, when he was placed on court-martial duty
to February 1, 1S66, when he resigned from the service.
On the 28th of July, 1866, General Brooke was ap-
pointed lieutenant-colonel of the Thirty-seventh L\ S.
Infantry, and was made brevet colonel, U. S. A., March
2, iSf>7, " for gallant and meritorious services in the battle
of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania;" brevet brigadier-general
U. S. A., March 2, 1S67, " for gallant and meritorious ser-
vices in the battle of Spottsylvania Court-House, Vir-
ginia;" brevet major-general of volunteers August 1, 18114,
"for gallant and meritorious services in the battles of Tolo-
potomy and Cold Harbor, Virginia." Proceeding to the
plains, he served at various stations in the West until
transferred to the Third U. S. Infantry March 15, 1869,
whereupon he joined his regiment at Holly Springs, Mis-
sissippi, serving in the neighborhood of New Orleans
until ordered with his regiment to Pennsylvania during
the labor riots of 1877, upon the completion of which
duty his regiment was transferred to Montana. lie was
promoted colonel of the Thirteenth Infantry March 20,
1879, but transferred to the Third Infantry the following
June; then appointed brigadier-general U. S. A. April
6, 1 888, and assigned to the command of the Department
of the Platte, which command he now holds. General
Brooke took active part and was present in the Sioux
campaign of 1890-91, at Pine Ridge Agency, South
Dakota.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
57
COLONEL AND BREVET BRIGADIER-GENERAL
HORACE BROOKS (retired).
Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-General Horace
Brooks was born in Massachusetts, and was appointed
to the Military Academy through the application of
General Lafayette, from which he graduated July I, 1835,
and was assigned to the Second LTnited States Artillery,
passing through all the various grades of that arm of the
service to that of colonel of the Fourth Artillery, Au-
gust 1, 1863.
His first war experience was with the Indians in
Florida, being engaged in the combat of " Withlacoochie"
and action of " Oloklikaha," March 31, 1836, for which
lie was brevetted first lieutenant. He was then ordered
tn duty as assistant professor of mathematics at the Mili-
tary Academy, where he remained until 1S39. He was
then on frontier, recruiting, and garrison duty until the
breaking out of the Mexican War, when he was sent to
Tampico (old Mexico) with the first troops that occupied
it, and was ordered to the neck, or only road by land to
the city, which he was ordered to hold at all hazards.
During the Mexican War he was engaged in the siege
of Vera Cruz, battles of Cerro Gordo, Amazoque, San
Antonio, Contreras, Churubusco, Molino del Rey, Cha-
pultepec, and capture of the City* of Mexico. He was
brevetted a major " for gallant and meritorious conduct in
the battles of Contreras and Churubusco," and lieutenant-
colonel " for gallant and meritorious conduct in the battle
of Molino del Rey."
During the Canada War received a letter from the
judge of the court (that tried McCloud) for handling his
company with much discretion on the critical occasion,
and he escorted McCloud to Montreal, with General
Anderson, and turned him over to the civil authorities.
Received the compliments of General Mansfield, in-
spector-general, for having one of the best-drilled com-
panies in New Mexico in 1S51; received the formal
thanks of the citizens of Santa Fe, New Mexico, for
cutting through the palace and placing a mountain
howitzer in position to flank the plaza, there being fears
of an insurrection of the Spanish population, which
caused the Americans to stand guard night and day. On
garrison and frontier duty, including the Utah expedi-
tion, Indian skirmishing, and the border troubles in
Kansas, to 1861, Inning been engaged in a skirmish with
Utah Indians April 28, 1855; also in a skirmish near
the head-waters of the Arkansas River, while stationed
at Fort Massachusetts, New Mexico.
At beginning of Civil War was in command of the
Light-Battery School of Practice ; transferred his com-
mand by way of Chicago to Baltimore, through a recep-
tion of artillery salutes as he passed through the States.
February 22, 1861, passed his companies in review before
8
President Buchanan, the event causing some excitement ;
had a light battery stationed at the Treasury Department
prepared for action on the inauguration of President
Lincoln ; soon after was placed in command of a steamer,
sailing under sealed orders, which proved to be Fort
Pickens, Pensacola, and took part in the council of war
which was held to determine whether the fort should be
held or abandoned ; was in command at Tortugas at the
time of the Mason and Slidell capture, and suppressed a
strike by the New York Wilson Zouaves, which might
result in consequence of the labor in mounting heavy
guns ; ordered by Secretary of War to the command of
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; superintendent of volunteer
recruiting at Columbus, Ohio, at the time of the Morgan
Raid; also chief mustering and disbursing officer ; was
for some time commissioner for the States of Maryland
and Delaware on account of the Freedman's Bureau ;
was detached on the board to select officers from the
volunteer service to appointments in the regular army.
Relieved General Canby in the command of the Depart-
ment of Washington ; was in command of Fort Wash-
ington and the Fourth Regiment of Artillery at the time
of the attack on Washington City by General Early.
At the close of the Civil War Colonel Brooks was hon-
ored with the brevet of brigadier-general in the United
States Army for meritorious services during the war.
Title of A.B. conferred by the faculty of Geneva (New
York) College in 1 838 ; made an honorary member of the
Literary and Historical Society of Sioux City, Iowa ; and
life-member of a rifle club at San Francisco, California.
General Brooks was retired from active service in 1 <S 7 7 .
His mother was Maria Gowen Brooks, the authoress of
" Zophiel and other Poems ;" and Doctor Southey, after
quoting from " Zophiel," adds that " Maria del Occi-
dente was the most imaginative and impassioned of
all poetesses."
5»
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
SURGEON-GENERAL JOHN MILLS BROWNE.
Surgeon-General John Mills Browne was born in
Hinsdale, New Hampshire, May 10, 1831 ; graduated at
the medical department of Harvard University in March,
1852, and appointed assistant surgeon from New Hamp-
shire March 26, 1853.
His first duty was on board the store-ship " Warren,"
Lieutenant-Commanding Fabius Stanley, at Saucelito,
opposite San Francisco. The naval station at Mare
Island was just then in contemplation, and Commander
Farragut had been sent out, to get the plans under way,
as the first commandant. He was obliged to live on
board the " Warren" until some sort of quarters could be
provided <>n shore. Dr. Browne was medical officer of
this naval establishment until May, 1855, a characteristic
and critical period in the settlement of California. Dr.
Browne was next ordered to the steamer" Active,"
which was engaged in the survey of the coasts and
harbors of California, Oregon, anil Washington Terri-
tories, and in the winter of 1855—56 (with the " Massa-
chusetts" and " Decatur") in the Indian war in Puget
Sound. In the summer of 1857 the " Active" was en-
gaged, with H.M.S. "Satellite," in settling the northwest
boundary.
After this long tour of duty on the Western coast, Dr.
Browne came East, was promoted to passed assistant
surgeon, and ordered to the "Dolphin," of the Home
Squadron, in June, 1858. She was commanded by John
N. Maffit, so well known afterwards as the commander
of the Confederate " Florida." In August, 1858, the
" Dolphin" captured the brig " Echo" off Cape Verde,
Cuba, with over three hundred African slaves on board.
The prize was sent to Charleston, South Carolina, and
the negroes were taken to Liberia in the " Niagara."
When the Paraguay Expedition was sent out, Dr. Browne
was ordered to the steamer " Atlanta," Captain Daniel
B. Ridgely, and detached before sailing. After short ser-
vice at the Naval Hospital at Norfolk, he was attached
t< > the sloop-of-war " Constellation," flag-ship of the Afri-
can Squadron, which we were at that time bound by con-
vention to keep on the West Coast. During the cruise
the " Constellation" captured, off the Congo River, the
bark " Cora," with seven hundred and five slaves, who
were sent to Liberia.
Dr. Browne was commissioned as surgeon June 19,
1 86 1, and ordered to the steam-sloop " Kearsarge," a
ship which will always be celebrated in the annals of
our navy. She was sent on " special duty" to the Euro-
pean waters in 1861, visiting all the ports of the British
and continental littoral where she was likely to find the
Confederate corsairs. At last, when in command of
Commander Winslow, she found the " Alabama" in Cher-
bourg. The preparations for the engagement which be-
came necessary were like those for a battle " in the lists,"
and when the hour sounded the champions came forth.
The " Kearsarge" destroyed the " Alabama" in one hour
and two minutes. Special trains came from Paris to
witness the fight. The " Kearsarge" then went to Brazil,
to look for the " Florida," which was supposed to be
about Fernando Noronha. Disappointed in the search,
she returned to the LTnited States.
After some temporary duty, Dr. Browne was, in April,
1865, ordered back to the scene of his original duty in
California, where he superintended the building of the
Naval Hospital at Mare Island, and was in charge there
for nearly ten years, with the exception of a cruise as fleet-
surgeon of the Pacific Squadron. This latter post he
again filled, after he had been made medical inspector in
the regular course of promotion. He was commissioned
medical director October 6, 1878, and then came East
again. During 1880-82 he served as president of the
Medical Examining Board at Washington, and was a
member of the Board of Visitors to the Naval Academy
in 1 88 1. In the same year he went to London, England,
as the naval representative at the International Medical
Congress ; was a member of the National Board of Health
in 1883, and in charge of the Museum of Hygiene at
Washington from 18S2 to 18S5. During that time he
also served on the Board of Naval Regulations. In 18S4
Medical Director Browne was naval representative at the
International Medical Congress at Copenhagen, and from
[885 t<> 1 888 served as a member of the Naval Retiring
Board. He became chief of Bureau of Medicine and
Surgery, with the title of Surgeon-General of the Navy,
April, 1 888.
Surgeon-General Browne is said to wear the very high-
est honors of the Masonic fraternity, and is a distinguished
member of club and official societv in Washington.
WHO SERJED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
59
MEDICAL INSPECTOR GEORGE R. BRUSH, U.S.N.
Medical Inspector George R. Brush, U.S.N., was
born at Smithtown, Suffolk County, Long Island, New-
York, on the third day of November, 1836, and his
early youth was passed upon his father's farm in that
town.
When at the proper age he took the course of aca-
demic study at the well-known Seminary of the Meth-
odist Episcopal Conference at Pennington, New Jersey,
then under the mastership of the Rev. J. Townley
Crane, D.D.
Brush then entered the office of Lafayette Ranney,
M.D., of the city of New York, as a student of medicine.
His courses of lectures were taken at the College of
Physicians and Surgeons (now the medical department
of Columbia College), and in due course he was gradu-
ated from that institution in March, 1858.
Soon after graduation he began the practice of his
profession at the village of Sayville, of the town of Islip,
in Suffolk County, New York, which place has continued
to be his usual residence.
The breaking out of the Civil War, however, altered his
plans, and drew him, as well as so many thousand others,
into embarking upon a very different career from that
which they had contemplated.
Accordingly, on the 2d of September, 1861, — having
passed the required examination before a board of naval
surgeons at the Naval Hospital at Brooklyn, New York, —
he was appointed an assistant surgeon in the U. S. Navy
by the Hon. Gideon Welles, Secretary of the Navy. This
appointment was confirmed by the Senate on the 24th of
January following, and his commission issued.
During the war of the Rebellion he served on board
the U. S. frigate " Potomac," of the West Gulf Block-
ading Squadron, and on board the U. S. receiving-ship
" North Carolina," at New York, — a position of great
responsibility for a medical officer, as that was the great
naval recruiting-point.
Dr. Brush was promoted to the grade of passed assist-
ant surgeon in April, 1865, and to that of surgeon in
February, 1872; commissioned as medical inspector in
November, 1889.
His service at sea, which aggregates sixteen years, was
made on the Atlantic, Pacific, and Asiatic stations.
While attached to the U. S. S. " Wateree," he witnessed
the bombardment of Callao, Peru, by the Spanish squad-
ron, on May 2, 1866; was attached to the " Saranac"
when she was wrecked in Seymour Narrows, British
Columbia, in June, 1S75.
His latest service afloat was on board the U. S. S.
" Omaha," bearing the flag of Rear-Admiral George E.
Belknap, on the Asiatic station.
His shore duty, of more than twelve years, has been
mostly at the rendezvous in New York, and on board the
receiving-ship at the same place.
It has included service at the U. S. naval hospitals at
Norfolk, Virginia, and at Mare Island, California. He
has also been stationed at the U. S. Naval Academy at
Annapolis, and at the U. S. Naval Laboratory, Brooklyn,
New York-.
Dr. Brush is a son of Philetus Smith and Dorothy Ann
Brush, and the eighth in descent from Thomas Brush,
who settled at Southold, Long Island, about 1650. His
paternal and maternal ancestors served as commissioned
officers in the First Regiment of Suffolk County, State of
New York, during the war of the American Revolution.
6o
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NA VY (regular)
REAR-ADMIRAL ANDREW BRYSON. U.S.N.
Rear-Admiral Andrew Bryson was born in New
York City, July 25, 1822. Was appointed a midshipman
from New York December 1, 1837, by President Van
Buren, his father's personal friend, and made his first
cruises in the "< hitario," " Levant," and "Constellation,"
West India Squadron, until 1842, when he was ordered
to the Naval School at Philadelphia, and on lune 29,
1843, promoted to passed midshipman, serving on the
frigate " Macedonian" and sloop " Decatur" on the coast
of Africa. In 1845 he served on the "Michigan" on
the great lakes, and in 1849 "n tne "John Adams."
January 30, 1850, he was promoted to "master," and
was executive officer on the store-ships "Erie" and
"Relief." Promoted to lieutenant August 30, 1S51;
he was transferred to the brig " Bainbridge" at Monte-
video, South America, September 2, to cruise off the
coasts ,,f Brazil and Africa. He was next attached to
the receiving-ship " ( >hio" at Boston, and in 1856 was on
the "Saratoga." On this cruise the steamers "Gen. Mira-
mon" and " Marquis de la Habana" were captured off
the Mexican coast, in which affair Lieutenant Bryson,
commanding the " Indianola," captured the former after
a running fight. They also brought from San Juan
Walker's filibustering party. In 1858 he was executive
officer of the "Preble," Paraguay Expedition, returning
late in 1860. In January, r86l, he was attached to the
New York Yard, actively engaged fitting out vessels
until October 10; he was then ordered to command the
"Chippewa" one of the "ninety-day" gun-boats, and sent
to the blockade, taking part in the capture of Fort
Macon and action at Stony Inlet. July 16, 1862, he-
was commissioned commander, and, September 2c;, sent
to Europe on special service, returning to blockade early
in 1863. The " Chippewa," under his command, was the
first gun-boat of the class to cross the Atlantic. June 23,
1863, he was detached, and August 4 ordered to com-
mand the monitor " Lehigh." On the way to Charles! on,
South Carolina, the ship was nearly lost off Ilatteras,
seas breaking over turret and pilot-house, washing away
the ship's bell, which hung six and a half feet above the
deck. On April 4, 1864, a medical survey was held
without his request, and he was ordered home shattered
in health. The work was severe. September 18, 1863,
he reported, " up to this elate the 15-inch gun has been
fired forty-one times, the 8-inch rifle twenty-eight, and
the ship has been struck thirty-six times." Again, No-
vember 4, "engaged for the past nine days, in company
with the ' Patapsco' ami shore-batteries, in bombard-
ment of Port Sumter, during which time I have thrown
from the 8-inch rifle four hundred and eight percussion-
shells, and from the 15-inch smooth-bore twenty-four."
The actions were almost continuous; and his conduct
on December 2, 1863, when he was slightly wounded,
the ship, being aground and subjected to the concentrated
fire from nine separate batteries, was specially com-
mended. May 24, 1864, he was again on duty at the
New York Yard. October 13 ordered to command the
" Essex," Mississippi fleet. October 24 to command the
seventh, and on April 19, 1865, the eighth division. May
5 fleet-captain, and August 19 detached. April 6, 1866,
to March, 1868, he commanded the "Michigan." On
June 3, 1866, he captured the "Fenian" raiders on their
return from Canada, and on July 25, 1866, was promoted
to captain. 1868-71 he was at the Boston Yard, in
command of the receiving-ship " ( )hio," and on Board
duty. September 19, 1 87 1, to July 28, 1873, he com-
manded the " Brooklyn," European squadron, and was
commissioned commodore February 14, 1873. Sep-
tember 15, 1874, to Jul_\- 27, 1876, he commanded the
Portsmouth, New Hampshire, Navy- Yard; was President
of the Board to examine the class of 1876 at Annapolis,
and engaged on Hoard and other duty to 1879. Sep-
tember 8, 1879, to Inly 25, 1881, he commanded the
South Atlantic station, flag-ship " Shenandoah," and was
promoted March 25, 1880, to rear-admiral. On January
30, 1883, he was retired at his own request, and spent the
remainder of his days quietly at his home in the city of
Washington.
"In all his long record there is not a blemish against
his high character and honor, and he was greatly beloved
by his fellow-officers. He was a man of a retiring dis-
position, excessively modest, but one of the best informed
men of the navy." lie was of Scotch ancestry, and his
father, the late David Bryson, was prominent in New-
York City affairs. Died in Washington, D.C., February
7, 1892-
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
6 1
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL HORACE BLOIS BURNHAM
(retired).
Lieutenant-Colonel Horace Blois Burnham was
born in Columbia County, New York, September 10,
1S24. He was admitted to the bar at Wilkesbarre,
Pennsylvania, August 12, 1844, and practised law in the
courts of that State until 1 861. He commenced the or-
ganization of a three-years' regiment of volunteers July
26, 1 S6 1, and entered the volunteer service as lieutenant-
colonel ofthe Sixty-seventh Pennsylvania Infantry, October
31,1 861. He took station at Annapolis, Man-land, April
3, 1862, and accompanied the regiment to Harper's Ferry,
Virginia, in February, 1863, and in April of the same
year was stationed at Berryville, Virginia, from whence
he joined the forces at Maryland Heights June 16, and
escorted stores, ordnance, etc., from Harper's Ferry to
Washington City.
Colonel Burnham joined the Army of the Potomac
with his regiment in the following July, and participated
in all its actions and campaigns during that year. He
took part against the attack by General Early June 10;
joined Milroy's forces and engaged in the affair at Ope-
quan River, Virginia, and participated in the battle of
Winchester, Virginia, during the 12th, 13th, and 14th of
June, 1S63. He was on temporary duty in New York-
City during the draft riots, and was ordered to Wash-
ington, D. C, December 26, [863, as judge-advocate of
a general court-martial.
Colonel Burnham was honorably mustered out of the
line, October 31, 1864, to accept the position of a major
and judge-advocate from that date, when he was de-
tailed as judge-advocate of general courts-martial under
orders of the War Department until 1866, when he
was placed on duty in the Bureau of Military Justice
until April 18, 1867, when he was assigned as chief
judge-advocate ofthe First Military District, Richmond,
Virginia, and continued so engaged until June, 1870;
he was additionally assigned as judge of the Hustings
Court, Richmond, Virginia, September 11, 1867, and
was relieved and appointed one of the judges of the
Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia June 9, 1869,
and elected president thereof; performed such duty
until relieved June 1, 1870; June 3, 1870, he was as-
signed to the Department of the South ; April 24, 1872,
additionally assigned to temporary duty in the Depart-
ment of Texas ; from this he was relieved November 2,
1 872, and assigned to duty in the Department ofthe Platte,
and judge-advocate, head-quarters, Department of the
Platte, Omaha, Nebraska; he was relieved from duty
September 10, 1S86, and assigned to duty in the Depart-
ment of California and Military Division of the Pacific,
San Francisco, California, until retirement.
Colonel Burnham was transferred to the permanent
establishment of the U. S. Army February 25, 1867, and
received the brevets of lieutenant-colonel and colonel of
volunteers March 13, 1865, "for faithful and meritorious
services during the war." Upon being relieved from duty
in the Department ofthe Platte, September 1, 1886, Gen-
eral Crook, department commander, in General Orders
No. 11, Head-quarters Department ofthe Platte, I. 1S86,
said : " The department commander takes this occasion
to express his appreciation of Colonel Burnham's con-
scientious fidelity to his duties during his long term of
service in this department" (nearly fourteen years). In
anticipation of his retirement, General Howard, the divi-
sion commander, directed the following communication :
"The division commander desires to express to you his
esteem and his thanks for the faithful and zealous manner
in which you have performed the duties of judge-advocate
of this division and of the department of California. You
will carry with you the best wishes of the staff officers
for your welfare and happiness."
He was promoted lieutenant-colonel and deputy judge-
advocate-general Jul)- 5, 1884, and was retired from active
service by operation of law, September 10, 1888; and
since retirement has occupied his farm, " Aspen Shade,"
near Richmond, in Henrico County, Virginia.
62
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY ^regular)
AMBROSE E. BURNSIDB (deceased).
Ambrose E. Burnside (deceased) was bom in Indiana,
and graduated from the Military Academy July I, 1847.
I Ie was promoted brevet second lieutenant Second Artil-
lery the same day, and second lieutenant of the Third
Artillery September 8, 1847. He served in the City of
Mexico during the winter of 1 847-48, and when peace
had been established with that republic he was stationed
at boit Adams, Rhode Island, from which point he was
ordered to Las Vegas, New Mexico, and was engaged
in a skirmish there with Jacarillo .Apache Indians,
August 23, 1849, in which he was wounded. During
the years 1850-5 I he was at Jefferson Barracks, Missouri ;
he was with the .Mexican Boundary Commission from
April, 1851, to March 16, 1852.
He was promoted first lieutenant December 12, 1851,
and was at Fort Adams in 1852-53, and resigned
( Ictober 2, 1S53.
After leaving the army he became a manufacturer of
fire-arms at Bristol, Rhode Island, from [853 to [858.
I le was major-general of Rhode Island militia in 1855-57.
He invented the Burnside breech-loading rifle in 1856,
and was member of the Board of Visitors to the Military
Academy the same year. He was cashier of the Land
Department of the Illinois Central Railroad Company in
1858-59, and treasurer of the same railroad in 1860-61.
At the commencement of the war of the Rebellion
he was appointed colonel of Rhode Island \rolunteers
Ma}- 2, 1 86 1, and served in defence of Washington in
Patterson's operations about Cumberland, Maryland, and
participated in the Manassas campaign, being engaged in
the first battle of Hull Run, July 21, 1861. He was
mustered out of service August 2, 1861.
On the 6th of August, 1861, he was appointed brig-
adier-general of volunteers, and served in command of
Provisional Brigade near Washington, and was then
employed in organizing a Coast Division at Annapolis,
Maryland, to January 8, 1862.
General Burnside was then placed in command of the
Department of North Carolina, and was engaged in the
battle and capture of Roanoke Island ; attack of New-
Berne, North Carolina ; attack on Camden and bombard-
ment of Fort Macon, resulting in its capture April 26,
1862. For these affairs he received a sword of honor
from the State of Rhode Island, in testimony of his ser-
vices at Roanoke Island.
He was appointed major-general of volunteers March
18, 1862, and from July 6 to September 4, 1862, he was
in command of the reinforcements to the Army of the
Potomac, concentrated at Newport News, Virginia, and
subsequently at Fredericksburg, constituting the Ninth
Army Corps. General Burnside participated in the Mary-
land campaign, in command of the right wing of the
Army of the Potomac, and of the Ninth Corps, and was
engaged in the battles of South Mountain and Antietam.
Afterwards he had general charge of Harper's Ferry,
Virginia, ami Second and Twelfth Corps, until November
10, 1862, and on this date, while marching towards Fal-
mouth, he was assigned to the command of the Army
of the Potomac, relieving General McClellan. He
commanded the Army of the Potomac in the battle
of Fredericksburg, December 11— 13, 1S62, and in
March, 1863, was relieved and ordered to the West,
where he commanded the Department of the Ohio.
He participated in the capture of Cumberland Gap
and occupation of East Tennessee, and was engaged
in the actions of Blue Springs and Lenoir, combat of
Campbell's Station, and siege of Knoxville. He was
engaged in recruiting the Ninth Army Corps from
January 12 to April 13, 1864, and then commanded
that corps in the Richmond campaign with the Army of
the Potomac, being engaged in the battles of the Wilder-
ness, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Tolopotomy, Bethesda
Church, and siege of Petersburg, including the Mine
assault Jul\- 30, 1864. He was then on leave of absence
and waiting orders to April 15, 1865, when he resigned
his commission.
In 1864 General Burnside received the thanks of Con-
gress for " gallantry, good conduct, and soldier-like
endurance" in North Carolina and Fast Tennessee.
After leaving the service, General Burnside was direct' >r
of the Illinois Central Railroad Company and in the
Narragansett Steamship Company ; president of the
Cincinnati and Martinsville Railroad Company ; of Rhode
Island Locomotive Works at Providence ; and of the
Indianapolis and Vincennes Railroad Company. lie was
also governor and captain-general of Rhode Island and
Providence Plantations. He was also U.S. senator from
that State, and died September 13, 1881.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
63
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL ANDREW SHERIDAN BURT,
U.S.A.
Lieutenant-Colonel Andrew Sheridan Burt (Sev-
enth Infantry) was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, Nov. 21, 1839.
In April, 1K61, he volunteered in the Sixth Ohio In-
fantry, and Jul}-, the same year, he accepted a first lieu-
tenancy in the Eighteenth United States Infantry. The
command was attached that fall to the Third Brigade,
First Division, of the Army of Ohio, Colonel Robert L.
McCook and Brigadier-General George LI. Thomas
commanding respectively.
Lieutenant Burt was detailed as aide-de-camp on the
brigade staff. At the battle of Mill Springs he was
wounded, and was brevetted for gallant services; he was
appointed additional aide-de-camp on the staff of Gen-
eral Halleck and assigned to serve with Colonel McCook.
The same year he was made assistant adjutant-general
of the brigade, and continued as such until Colonel
Mi Cook's death.
In January, [863, he reported to General Rosecrans,
commanding the Army of the Cumberland, and by him
was assigned to the inspector-general's department of his
staff, serving so through Hoover's Gap and Tullahoma
campaigns, advance beyond Chattanooga, and in the bat-
tle of Chickamauga. He was commended in reports by
the commanding general for services in these campaigns
and battle of Chickamauga. Captain Burt was specially
mentioned for gallant service in that battle by Major-
General Alexander McCook, commanding the corps.
In the fall of 1883, at his own request, he relinquished
his staff appointment and took command of his Company
F, First Battalion, Eighteenth Infantry. He commanded
that company in the charge on Missionary Ridge. Gen-
eral Palmer, on the Ridge, thanked the company.
Captain Burt commanded his Company F, Eighteenth
Infantry, part of the Regular Brigade of the Fourteenth
Army Corps, in the Atlanta campaign, and was in all
the actions participated in by his regiment from Buzzard's
Roost to Jonesboro', and received the personal thanks of
the detachment commander for gallant services in the last
battle. He was mentioned in reports for services in the
Atlanta campaign by the detachment commander as well
as by General Thomas. He was brevetted major 1864,
for gallant services in Atlanta campaign and at the battle
of Jonesboro'. Major Burt marched, in [866, with his
company, from Fort Leavenworth to Fort Bridger.
In the fall of 1877, while in command of a detachment
of recruits en route to Fort McKinney, he was attacked
by Indians under Red Cloud, at Crazy Woman's Fork,
and the Indians were beaten off.
While in command of Fort C. F. Smith, Montana, in
1868, he had two successful skirmishes with hostile
Indians. From 1865 until 1878 Major Burt, in command
of his company, was nearly every year changing sta-
tions or on expeditions with .ill the difficulties of march-
ing on the frontier in the hostile Indian days.
He was on Stanley's Yellowstone I^xpeclition in 1873;
with Colonel Dodge's command as escort to the Jenney
expedition to the Black Hills in 1875; General Crook's
expedition, 1876, and commanded a battalion of two com-
panies in the attack' by Indians on the command camped
on Powder Ri\ er.
At the battle of the Rosebud, General Crook having
ordered the withdrawal of Colonel Royal's battalion of
cavalry from a certain position on the field, the retreat
became a rout under the Indians' hand-to-hand assault.
Major Burt, with his company, and that of Major Bur-
rows, was detailed " to stop those Indians," which the two
companies did, and the hard-pressed cavalry battalion was
rescued from a precarious position. At " Slim Buttes,"
same campaign, Major Burt commanded a battalion in
the repulse of an Indian attack'. In 1S77 Major Burt,
with his company, was part of General John King's com-
mand, sent to Chicago during the riots. In 1X79 his
company was especially selected to proceed to Hastings,
Nebraska, to protect Judge Gaslin in holding court against
the possible interference < if In istile cowboys, some of their
members being tried at the time for an atrocious murder.
The major and his company received public thanks and
commendation of Judge Gaslin and the officials for the
manner in which the duty on this occasion was performed.
While in command at Fort Bidwell, California, in 1885,
the citizens of that region, in a series of published reso-
lutions, thanked Major Burt for his successful efforts in
preventing an Indian outbreak'.
He was promoted lieutenant-colonel of the Seventh
Infantry, January 1, 1888.
Colonel Burt is the author of \V. F. Cody's (Buffalo
Bill) most successful play, " May Cody, or Lost and
Won."
f>4
OFFICERS OF THE ARM) AND NAVY {regular)
PAY INSPECTOR ARTHUR BURTIS. U.S.N.
Pay Inspector Arthur Burtis, U.S.N., was born in
New York, and appointed assistant paymaster from that
State by Mr. Lincoln in 1862, in accordance with the
request of the Honorable Hamilton Fish and Senator
Preston King. These gentlemen had been classmates of
Assistant Paymaster Burtis's father, — a clergyman who
was for man_\- years a resilient of Buffalo. His great-
grandfather and great-great-grandfather both served in
the Revolutionary War; the older being at the time
sixty-four, and his sun twenty-two years of age.
His first orders were to duty under Admiral Farragut
in the "Sagamore," but on the way there in' the supply
steamer " Rhode Island" contracted yellow fever, and
he was sent north. lie was then, upon recovering his
health, ordered to the " Connecticut," employed in con-
voying the California steamers through the Carribean
Sea, rendered necessary by the fact that the " Alabama"
had recently overhauled the " Ariel," with mails and pas-
sengers. The " Connecticut," of the North Atlantic
Blockading Squadron, was next on the blockade, captur-
ing four noted blockade-runners, all with valuable car-
goes. She also caused the destruction of four more, in
the course of which duty she was engaged with Fort
Fisher.
From 1864 to [866 Paymaster Burtis was attached
to the " Muscoota," of the Gulf Squadron, and had the
yellow fever a second time on board that vessel, off the
Rio Grande, in 1866. The only medical officer died, and
the vessel went to Pensacola, where she received a sur-
geon and other officers necessary to take the ship north.
She proceeded to Portsmouth, New Hampshire, where
the ship's company were landed and placed in quarantine.
While undergoing this unpleasant experience in the
" Muscoota," he was promoted to paymaster May 4, 1 8( i( >.
From 1867 to 1S69 he was stationed at League Island.
From 1870 to 1873 was attached to the "Brooklyn,"
which ship brought the body of Admiral Farragut from
Portsmouth, New Hampshire, to New York, and then
went for a cruise in European waters. In 1S71 he was
appointed fleet-paymaster.
Upon his return home, after service at the Bureau of
Provisions and Clothing, Navy Department, 1873, he-
became inspector of provisions and clothing at the navy-
yard, Philadelphia, from 1 S74 to 1 S77. Most of the time
he had the additional duty of paymaster of the receiving-
ship " St. Louis." In 1 878 he was a member of the Board
(il Examiners, lie was again ordered to League Island,
but after about a year's service there went to the prac-
tice-ship " Constellation" for her summer cruise with the
cadets of the Naval Academy. After this he was for
some time inspector of flour, etc., for the navy, at New
York. From 1S83 to 1886 he was attached to the
" Galena," of the North Atlantic Squadron. The " Ga-
lena" was at Aspinwall in the spring of 1885. During
the rebellion on the Isthmus, and when that city was
burned, the officers and crew of the ship prevented much
destruction of property and loss of life. The "Galena''
also captured at St. Andrew's Island filibustering steamer
" City of Mexico" in February, 1886. From June, [866,
to May, 1889, was the paymaster of the navy-yard, New
York. He next went to the " Vermont," receiving-ship
at New York, and in January, 1890, was ordered as fleet-
paymaster of the Pacific Squadron in the flag-ship
" Charleston." The " Charleston" brought King Kala-
kau from the Sandwich Islands to California and took
his remains back to Honolulu in January, 1891. From
the" Charleston" he was transferred to the flag-ship " San
Francisco," 31st March, 1891. The "San Francisco"
was in Chili during the revolution in 1891, and was in
Valparaiso when Balmaceda's army was defeated and the
Congressional forces captured that city August 2X, 1891.
Was promoted to pay inspector 21st September, [89] ;
was detached from the flag-ship " San Francisco" 30th
January, [892. lie is at present general storekeeper at
the navy-yard, Norfolk, Virginia.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
65
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL EDMOND BUTLER, U.S.A.
(retired).
Lieutenant-Colonel Edmond Butler (retired) was
born in Ireland March 19, 1827. He was appointed
second lieutenant Fifth Infantry at the outbreak of the
war, and detailed to accompany General Baird (after-
wards inspector-general) in inspection of Kansas and
Missouri troops. In 1862, remustering and consoli-
dating Kansas volunteers, and officially complimented
by General Hunter for settling, without resort to force,
" difficult and delicate" matters affecting Kansas troops.
He was in New Mexico in 1862, and Texas 1864, and
rebuilt Fort Bliss after reoccupation. Having been
promoted captain, 1864, in 1S65 he commanded an ex-
pedition against the Navajos, inflicting severe loss on
them. In September, 1865, he received the formal sur-
render of Manoelito Grande, and sent two thousand
prisoners to the Reservation. He was recommended for
brevet for gallantry and success. In letters from his I
head-quarters, November 16 and 17, 1865, General Carle- ]
ton wrote, " To Captain Edmond Butler I owe many
thanks." "To the efficiency and straightforward course
and the energy and good sense of Captain B. I owe a
great deal of the luck I get credit for as a commander."
In June, 1868, Captain Butler was ordered in attend-
ance on General Sherman, and in December, with a small
infantry force, he exhumed the bodies of the killed in the
Forsyth affair, on the Arickaree Fork, under fire of
main body of Sioux under Two Strike, and extricated
his small force from a perilous position. In 1869, in the
Indian operations on the Smoky Hill, with two soldiers
he narrowly escaped capture. He volunteered for expe-
dition against the Pawnees under General Woods, and
commanded expedition after General Woods was dis-
abled by illness. In 1874 he served through the ex-
pedition against the Kiowas and Comanches, under
General Miles.
In September, 1876, Captain Butler cut a road through
the Bad Lands north of the Yellowstone. In the cam-
paign against Sitting Bull he commanded the centre at
Cedar Creek, and in subsequent pursuit. He was shot at
by Gall while relieving an outpost. He participated in
campaign against the confederated Sioux and Cheyennes
under Crazy Horse, and on January 8, 1877, led a
charge against the Indians fortified on a high peak of
the Wolf Mountains, and massing in rear of Miles's posi-
tion. In his report General Miles said, "Captain But-
ler's horse was shot under him while gallantly leading a
successful charge on the extreme left." He recom-
mended Captain Butler for brevet, " for conspicuous
gallantry in leading his command in a successful charge
against superior numbers of hostile Indians strongly
posted." This recommendation was approved by Gen-
9
erals Sherman, Sheridan, and Terry. At the close of
the campaign General Miles wrote Captain Butler as
follows : " In leaving the regiment, be assured you have
the thanks and good-will of its commanding officer for
your hard service in the field and fortitude in action."
Nothing in his service, however, touched him so
deeply as a letter signed by every enlisted man of his
company who was in the charge, thanking him " for the
gallant manner in which he led the charge on the 8th of
January, in which they had the honor of participating,
and for the kindness he had shown them in so many
different ways heretofore."
Captain Butler was promoted major in 1885. He com-
manded Fort Townsend, Washington. Commanded
Bellevue Rifle Range three consecutive years; marks-
man, 1883, 1884, 1885. Sharpshooter marksman, 1888.
He was recorder of Board of Visitors to School of
Application in 1887, and was in Pine Ridge campaign,
1890-91, commanding troops in night march from Rush-
ville, Nebraska, to the Agency, and his regiment during
the campaign. At its close he received a copy of a letter
to General Brooke, in which the Secretary of War and
the General of the Army express a hope " that some
opportunity may be presented for the promotion of this
most deserving officer." He was promoted lieutenant-
colonel in March, 1892.
Upon retirement from active service in March, 1891,
after examination by the Bar Committee for the Seventh
Judicial District of Montana, he was admitted to the Bar
of that State.
Colonel Butler is the author of an " Essay on the
Indian Question," honorably mentioned by the Board
of Award of the Military Service Institution for 1880.
After the fall of Sumter he wrote a series of articles in
French for Parisian and Brussels papers, presenting the
Union side of the question to Continental Europe.
66
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
MAJOR JOHN G. BUTLER.
Major John G. Butler (Ordnance Department) was
born in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, January 23, 1842, and
graduated from the Military Academy June 11, 1863.
He was then promoted second lieutenant of the Fourth
Artillery, but transferred to the Ordnance Department
January 29, 1864. He served during the war of the
Rebellion, in the Army of the Cumberland, from August,
1863, to January, I 864, participating in the campaign of
that army, and engaged at the battle of Chickamauga,
for which he received the following complimentary
notice, in the report of first lieutenant F. L. D. Russell,
Fourth Artillery: "Lieutenant Butler, the only officer
with me, distinguished himself by his cool and gallant
conduct and rendered me the most essential service."
He was brevetted first lieutenant for " gallant and meri-
torious services in the battle of Chickamauga," Sep-
tember 20, 1863.
Lieutenant Butler was then stationed at Chattanooga,
Tennessee, and Bridgeport, Alabama, until he was or-
dered on recruiting duty in January 1864, which duty
he, by permission, declined. lie was then ordered to
appear at Washington, for examination for transfer to
the Ordnance Department, and upon being transferred
was stationed at Frankford Arsenal, Pennsylvania, as
assistant ordnance officer, from February 1 to December
1 1, 1864, being detached May 19 to July I, to arm and
equip New Jersey troops. He sailed, under sealed
orders, November, 1S64, in charge of ordnance stores
and material, to anticipate the arrival of General Sher-
man's army on the Atlantic coast.
After performing this duty, Lieutenant Butler was
detailed as assistant to the inspector of ordnance in
New York, Boston, Philadelphia, West Point, and Read-
ing, to January, 1867, and assistant constructor of ord-
nance at Scott Foundry, Reading, Pennsylvania, to June,
[867. In the mean time he was promoted first lieuten-
ant, to date from March 7, 1867. Upon being relieved at
Reading, he was ordered as assistant at Fort Leavenworth
Arsenal, Kansas, where he remained until May, 1870.
lie was then placed on detached duty in Philadelphia
until the following September, when he was ordered to
Fort Monroe Arsenal, Virginia, as assistant. From
May to September, 1873, the lieutenant was on detached
duty at the U. S. Ordnance Agency, New York, then
assistant to the constructor of ordnance to April 22,
1876, in the mean time having been promoted captain
June 23, 1874.
In May, 1876, captain Butler was ordered as assistant
at Watervliet Arsenal, New York, and in May, 1880,
transferred to Watertown Arsenal, Massachusetts, as
assistant. On the 5th of April, 1883, his station was
changed to Rock Island Arsenal, as assistant, and in
September, 1886, to the National Armory at Spring-
field, Massachusetts ; then to the St. Louis Powder
Depot, in January, 1S88, and subsequently to the com-
mand of the Augusta Arsenal, Georgia, his present
station.
He was promoted major of ordnance September 15,
1890.
Major Butler is the son of John B. Butler, major and
paymaster in Mexican War, on staff of General Taylor,
and later in Ordnance Department, U.S.A., and grandson
of John Butler, whose military records for three genera-
tions extend back through the four great wars in which
the country has been engaged, — the war of the Revolu-
tion, the War of 18 12, the Mexican War, and the war
of the Seceding States, 1861-65. Major Butler is the
author of " Projectiles and Rifled Cannon," and of vari-
ous articles and publications upon the subjects of ord-
nance, the national defence, etc. He is also the inventor
of the " Butler projectile," in use with rifled guns for the
past ten or twelve years, ami in the proof of both breech-
and muzzle-loading guns adopted in U. S. service.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
67
BRIGADIER-GENERAL RICHARD N. BATCHELDER.
Brigadier-General Richard N. Batchelder (quar-
termaster-general, U.S.A.) was born in New Hampshire
July 27, 1832. At the outbreak of the Rebellion he en-
listed in the First New Hampshire Regiment, and was
appointed regimental quartermaster April 30, 1861. In
fifteen days after his appointment he had the regiment
uniformed, armed, and equipped, and field-transportation
provided for baggage, tents, and supplies. It was this
comprehensive grasp of details and this energy of execu-
tion which early brought him to the attention of field-
commanders, and secured for him rapid promotion until he
became chief quartermaster of the Army of the Potomac,
which position he filled with great credit to himself dur-
ing the closing year of the war. No officer of the Quar-
termaster's Corps was complimented with more brevet
rank, and few officers of the line or staff received higher
encomiums in official reports. He was appointed captain
and assistant quartermaster and assigned to duty as chief
quartermaster, Corps of Observation, in August, 1861. He
was made chief quartermaster. Second Division, Second
Corps, Army of the Potomac, March, 1862; lieutenant-
colonel and chief quartermaster, Second Corps, January,
1863 ; acting chief quartermaster, Army of the Potomac,
June, 1 864 ; and colonel and chief quartermaster, Army of
the Potomac, August, 1864. He was brevetted major,
lieutenant-colonel, and brigadier-general of volunteers,
and major, lieutenant-colonel, and colonel, United States
Army, for faithful and meritorious service during the war.
It was as chief quartermaster of the Army of the Poto-
mac, however, that his great powers were fullest displayed,
having charge of the immense baggage-trains of that great
force, the duties of which position would have crushed
the ordinary mind ; yet he handled this great train of five
thousand wagons and thirty thousand horses and mules
on the campaign from the Rapidan to the James with
a magical control. Some distinguished officer has said
" that a man who can successfully handle the supply-trains
of an army is capable of commanding that army."
In his " History of the Second Corps," General Francis
A. Walker says, " Colonel Batchelder was one of the best,
if not himself the very best, contribution made by the
volunteer force to the supply department of the army.
His subsequent promotion to be chief quartermaster of
the Army of the Potomac and his present high position in
the regular army are evidence of the manner in which his
duties with the Second Corps were discharged. However
exacting the demands of the infantry or the artillery, of the
commissariat or the hospital service, they were always met,
and met so easily that it seemed the simplest thing in the
world to be done. It was impossible that the roads could
become so bad as to keep the Second Corps trains back.
No matter how the troops were marched about, — by day
or by night, in advance or in retreat, — the inevitable six-
mule wagon was always closebehind. . . . The service ren-
dered to the troops by this sagacious and efficient officer
could hardly be over-estimated." " It is with officers of
such qualifications that it is desirable we should fill up
the standing army," wrote Grant, when he recommended
Batchelder for appointment in the regular army. Said
the gallant Hancock : " I consider him (Batchelder) the
most efficient officer of the department in the volunteer
service." Said General Meade : " General Batchelder's
services for the two years I commanded the Army of the
Potomac are well known to me. He not only managed
his important department with great judgment and skill,
but rendered me essential service on the battle-field as
a staff-officer, showing high personal gallantry in the
immediate presence of the enemy." " No officer," says
Howard, " with whom I have had the fortune to serve
ever had, at all times, my more complete confidence."
" He has not a superior in ability and experience. Much
of the success of my department is due to his untiring
intelligence and faithful service. ... He merits the high
commendation awarded him by all his superiors," was
the opinion of General Ingalls, who was Batchelder's
superior officer in the Quartermaster's Corps. " He is
one of the most intelligent and able officers of the Quar-
termaster's Department. I greatly relied upon his ability
and zeal, and was never disappointed," wrote Quarter-
master-General Meigs.
68
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN LESTER A. BEARDSLER, U.S.N.
Captain Lester A. Beardslee was born in Little
Falls, New York, February I, 1836. Appointed acting
midshipman March 5, 1850; sloop "Plymouth," East
Indies, May, 1851, to January, 1855; participated in
one battle and several skirmishes with Chinese army
at Shanghai; Naval Academy, October, 1855, to June,
1856.
Promoted to passed midshipman June 20, 1S56; steam-
frigate" Merrimac," special service, 1856-57 ; sloop " Ger-
mantown," East India Squadron, 1857-60. Promoted
to master January 22, 1858. Promoted to lieutenant
July 23, 1859 ; sloop " Saratoga," coast of Africa, 1S60-63.
Promoted to lieutenant-commander July 16, 1862; mon-
itor " Nantucket," North Atlantic Squadron, January to
May, 1S63; participated in attack of the iron-clad fleet
on the defences of Charleston Harbor, April 7, 1863;
steam-sloop " Wachusett," special service, on coast of
Brazil, cruising for rebel privateers, ( )ctober, 1863, to Jan-
uary, 1 865 ; participated in capture of rebel steamer
"Florida" at Bahia, by "Wachusett," October, 1864;
commanded prize steamer " Florida," from October, 1864,
and brought her to Hampton Roads, Virginia; steam-
sloop " Connecticut," special service, West Indies, 1865 ;
commanded steam-gun-boat "Aroostook," 1S67-68,
taking her to East India Squadron from Philadelphia ;
commanded steamer " Saginaw," Pacific Squadron, Octo-
ber, 1868; executive of steam-sloop " Lackawanna," Pa-
cific Squadron, 1868-69.
Commissioned as commander June 12, 1869; Hydro-
graphic Office, Navy Department, 1869-70; steamer
" Palos," April, 1870, to January, 1871 ; took her to East
Indies; Hydrographic ( )ffice, January, 1871-72; Navy-
Yard, Washington, May, 1872, to April I, 1875; mem-
ber of United States Board for testing iron, steel, and
other metals, April, 1875, to April, 1879; commanding
sloop "Jamestown," Alaska, April, 1879, to October,
1880.
Promoted to captain November, 1880; leave of ab-
sence, 18S2-83; commanding receiving-ship "Frank-
lin," 1SS3-84; commanding steam-frigate "Powhatan,"
June, 1884, to June, 1886; Torpedo Station, 1887; wait-
ing orders, 18S8; commanding receiving-ship "Ver-
mont," July, 1SS8-91.
November 9, 1891, assumed command of Naval Sta-
tion, Port Royal, South Carolina; and at this date —
June, 1 S92 — he remains in command at Port Royal.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
69
CAPTAIN JOHN H. CALEF.
Captain John H. Calef (Second Artillery) was born
at Gloucester, Massachusetts, September 24, 1841. He
is the great-grandson of Colonel Jeduthan Baldwin, of
the Revolutionary army, first colonel of engineers of the
U. S. Army; also, a great-grandson of Colonel John H.
Calef, of Kingston, New Hampshire, an officer of the
Revolutionary army.
Captain Calef graduated at the V. S. Military Academy
June 17, 1862, and was promoted second lieutenant of
the Fifth Artillery the same day. He was transferred to
the Second Artillery October 6, 1S62, and served in the
field with the Army of the Potomac. He participated in
the Peninsula campaign, and was engaged in the action
of Malvern Hill August 5, 1862; in the Northern Vir-
ginia campaign, and engaged in the battle of second Bull
Run August 29,30, [862; in the Maryland campaign,
and engaged in the battle of Antietam September 17,
1862; skirmish at Sharpsburg September 19, 1862, and
march to Falmouth, Virginia ; in the Rappahannock cam-
paign and engaged in Stoncman's raid towards Rich-
mond; in the battle of Chancellorsville May 2-4, 1863,
and several skirmishes; in the Pennsylvania campaign,
in command of his batten1, and engaged in the skirmish
of Upperville, Virginia, June 21-22, 1863 ; battle of Get-
tysburg, Pennsylvania, Jul)- 1-4, [863, and skirmishes at
Williamsport, July 6, Boonesboro, Maryland, July 8-9,
and Funkstown, Maryland, July 10, 1863 ; and in pur-
suit of the enemy to Warrenton, Virginia; in the Rap-
idan campaign and engaged in several skirmishes Sep-
tember, 1863, and wounded September 15 at Raccoon
Ford.
He was promoted first lieutenant of the Second Artil-
lery November 4, 1863, and was on leave of absence from
February 14 to April, 1864, when he rejoined in the field
and participated in the Richmond campaign, being en-
gaged in the battle of Cold Harbor June I, 1864; skir-
mished at Bottom Bridge June 3-4, 1864; battle of
Trevilian Station June 11-12, 1864, and action of St.
Mary's Church June 24, 1864. He was then on sick
leave until the following September; but rejoining in
the field, participated in the Richmond campaign and
was engaged in the siege of Petersburg ; combat of Boyd-
ton Plank Road October 27, 1864; destruction of Stony
Creek Station December I, 1864, and skirmish at Belle-
field 1 )ecember 9, 1864.
Lieutenant Calef was appointed adjutant of the Second
Artillery November 6, 1864, and, after a short leave of
absence, was with regimental head-quarters at Fort
Mcllenry to July, 1865, when the regiment was trans-
ferred to the Pacific coast.
He was brevetted captain July 6, 1864, for " gallant
and good conduct in the battle of Gettysburg, and in the
campaign from the Rapidan to Petersburg, Virginia;"
and major March 13, 1865, "for good conduct and gal-
lant services during the Rebellion."
Lieutenant Calef served on the Pacific coast from
1865 to 1872. lie was judge-advocate of a "travelling
general court-martial" in 1868-69, making the tour of
Arizona. His regiment being transferred to the Atlan-
tic coast in 1872, he was on duty at Fort McHenry,
Maryland, to May, 1875, when he was ordered to the
Artillery School at Fort Monroe, Virginia, remaining
there until April 8, 1888, during which time he was
instructor in the " Art of War" and " Tactics," and
compiled a work on " Military Policy and History of
Ancient and Modern Armies," and one on " Description
and Service of Machine-Guns."
He was promoted captain of the Second Artillery
March 16, 1875, and is at present on duty in command
of Fort Schuyler, New York.
7°
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY A XT' NAVY [regular)
CAPTAIN 1). F. CALLINAN (retired).
Captain D. F. Callinan (retired) was born in county
Kerry, Ireland, July 24, 1839. ''e carne to the United
States when a boy. Enlisted in Company E, First In-
fantry, September 5, 1S60. Served at Forts Arbuckle
a\m\ Washita, Indian Territory. Left Indian Territory
for Kansas May 1, [861, the command consisting of six
companies, — First (now Fourth) Cavalry and five com-
panies First Infantry, — under command of Major Emmy.
During the first day's march were followed by Texan
troops. When camp was reached line of battle was
formed, Company E, First Infantry, as artillery; the
cavalry were sent out and, without filing a shot, made
the Texans prisoners. Next morning they were given
hack their arms ami released, Arrived at Fort Leaven-
worth May 31.
In June assisted in the capture of a company of rebels
at Liberty, Missouri, who were a few hours afterwards
given back their arms (shot-guns and squirrel-rifles) and
released. The command returned to Leavenworth, re-
maining a few 1 lays at Kansas City. He was appointed
corporal August 1, 1861, and quartermaster-sergeant
of post on September 15 ; appointed first sergeant in
January, 1862, and scouted through Missouri in 1862.
lie was stationed at Fort Scott, Kansas, during the
winter, and returned to Fort Leavenworth in February,
[863; resigned the position of first sergeant, and was
appointed sergeant-major of post. He joined his regi-
ment in the Army of the Tennessee, operating against
Vicksburg ; was acting sergeant-major of battalion for
about two weeks ; asked a volunteer officer who sat
beside him one day what he thought of Vicksburg, etc. ;
the officer said he did not know, and inquired the ser-
geant's opinion. The sergeant said if Grant was the man
they said he was, they would have it by the Fourth of
July anyhow. After the officer left, the men informed
him that it was General Grant to whom he was talking.
A few days after this he was placed in command of a
siege-gun within a short distance of Fort Hill, and
remained in command until the surrender.
In August, 1863, he was appointed first lieutenant of
colored troops, and reported to Brigadier-General J. P.
Hawkins as aide-de-camp. October 2 he received the
appointment of second lieutenant First Infantry, and was
appointed commissary of musters, acting assistant adju-
tant-general, acting inspector-general, and acting ordnance
i ifficer. He was relieved at his own request in May, 1 864,
and joined his regiment in New Orleans, and promoted
first lieutenant in 1S66. He was almost constantly in
command of companies until November, 1867, when he
was appointed commandant of the New Orleans military
prison. He turned the building over to the civil author-
ities in August, 1868, and again took command of his
company. He was quartermaster and commissary at
Fort Brady, Michigan, from July, 1869, to October, 1871,
the last six months being also post-adjutant. He was
in command of about one hundred recruits at Fort
Wayne, Michigan, from January to May, 1874; post
quartermaster and commissary of Fort Sully, 1 )akota,
from July, 1874,10 July, 1875 ; commanding detachment
of recruits at Fort Randall during the winter of 1876-77;
in Chicago during labor riots. In November, sent to
New Spotted Tail Agency, to superintend construction
of barracks ; on leave of absence for four months, from
September, 1878; promoted captain Jul)- 1, 1879, and
stationed at Forts Sully and Meade from July, 1879, to
May, 1880; employed with company in building road at
mouth of Pecos River from December, 1SS0, to March,
1881 ; building road into pinery, near Fort Davis, Texas,
December, 1 881, and January, 1SS2 ; took part in Apache
campaign in Arizona and New Mexico in 1882; on gen-
eral recruiting from October, 1SX4, to October, 1886; on
leave for four months ; in command of Angel Island
March and April, 1888; in summer camp at Santa Bar-
bara ; in command of Angel Island January to March,
[889 ; member of board to locate quarantine station ; in
summer camp at Monterey and Santa Cruz, California ;
on sick leave for six months from January, 1890; took
part in Sioux campaign, 1890-91 ; on sick leave for two
months from January, 1 891; in command of company
from April to October 29, 1 891. Retired October 22, [891.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
/i
COLONEL JOHN CAMPBELL (retired).
Colonel John Campbell (retired) entered the United
States service as an acting assistant surgeon June II,
1X47, and arrived at Vera Cruz, Mexico, July 20 follow-
ing, when he was placed on duty at the Castle of San
Juan d'Ulloa, from which duty he was relieved in October,
and ordered to the command of Major-General Patterson.
He arrived in the City of Mexico December 7, 1847, and
on the 13th of the same month was appointed assistant
surgeon U. S. Army. He was afterwards transferred
to Tacubaya. He returned to Albany, New York, in
July, 1848, and was ordered to New Orleans, where he-
reported October 24, 1848, and was then directed to pro-
ceed to San Antonio, Texas, where he remained, dointr
duty at various points, until the early part of 1850, when
he was directed to proceed to California via the Isthmus
of Panama. He arrived at Monterey, California, after a
voyage of sixty-five days from Panama, and was subse-
quently stationed at Benicia and Sonoma.
In Ma>-, 1 85 1, Dr. Campbell was detailed to accom-
pany the escort to the Indian Commissioner, and in Jul)'
arrived at Camp Bidwell, California, returning to Sonoma
in September following. In October, 1851, he was
ordered with two troops of the first Dragoons on an
expedition to Port Orford, Oregon, and was engaged in
a skirmish with Indians on the Coquilla River. He re-
turned to Benicia December 12, 185 1. After serving at
various other stations, and having had six months' leave
of absence, he was ordered to report to the head-quarters
of the army at New York City, from Albany, New York,
September 28, 1854, and was stationed successively at
Fort Wood, West Point, Carlisle Barracks, Fort Craw-
ford, Minnesota, Fort Ridgely, Minnesota, and was then
assigned to duty with a battalion of the Second Infantry,
August 22, 1856, on the march to the Missouri River,
where they arrived, opposite Fort Pierre, September 23
of that year. On the 6th of November he was directed
to proceed to Fort Leavenworth, and there received
a leave of absence, rejoining for duty at West Point
June 1, 1857.
At the commencement of the war of the Rebellion,
Dr. Campbell was on duty at Plattsburg Barracks, New
York, and on the 29th of January, 1861, accompanied
the two companies stationed there to Baltimore, Mary-
land. On the 2 1st of July, 1862, he arrived at New York
from Pensacola, Florida, and was stationed in and about
that city until August, 1863, when the Board for Retire-
ment of Officers, of which Dr. Campbell was a member,
was transferred to Wilmington, Delaware.
On the 1st of October, 1863, he was transferred to
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, as medical director of the
Department of the Susquehanna, which he retained until
October 28, 1 865, when he was detailed as attending
surgeon-in-charge of invalid officers. He continued on
this duty to November 23, 1865, when he was ordered to
Augusta, Georgia, as medical director of the Department
of Georgia. On the 26th of June, 1866, he was transferred
to Madison Barracks, New York, remaining there until
November 25, 1867, when assigned to duty at Fort Trum-
bull, Connecticut.
In 1870 he was ordered to the Department of Dakota,
and assigned to duty temporarily as medical director, but
subsequently ordered to duty at Fort Randall, Dakota,
where he remained until 1872, when his station was
changed to Fort Adams, Rhode Island. In 1S78 he was
ordered to Atlanta, Georgia, as medical director of the
Department of the South. In 1880 he was at Newport
Barracks, Kentucky, and remained on duty there until
1883, when he was ordered to New York City, where he-
was attending surgeon until retired from active service
September 16, 1885.
Dr. Campbell was promoted captain and assistant sur-
geon December 13, 1852; major and surgeon May 21,
1861 ; lieutenant-colonel and surgeon November 8, 1877 ;
and colonel and surgeon December 7, 1884.
72
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
BRIGADIER- AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL EDWARD
R. S. CANBY (deceased).
Brigadier- and Brevet Major-General Edward R.
S. Canby was born in Kentucky and graduated from the
U. S. Military Academy in the class of 1839. He was
promoted upon graduation as second lieutenant. Second
Infantry, July 1, 1839. During part of the Florida War
(1839-42) he was on duty as quartermaster; 1840-42,
assisted in conducting the emigrating Indians to Arkan-
sas, after which he performed garrison duty at Fort
Niagara, New York, to 1845, and was in recruiting ser-
vice from 1845 to 1846. From March 24, 1 S46, to March
3, 1847, he was adjutant of the Second Infantry, and
while serving in this capacity was promoted first lieuten-
ant Second Infantry, June 18, 1 S46.
He was brevetted captain of staff and served as
assistant adjutant-general from March 3, 1847, to March
3, 1855. During the war with Mexico, 1846-48, he was
engaged in the siege of Vera Cruz, March 9-29, 1847;
and participated in the battles of Cerro Gordo April 17-18,
1847; Contreras, August 19-20, 1847, and Cherubusco,
August 20, 1847; and was brevetted major " for gallant
and meritorious conduct in the battles of Contreras and
Cherubusco, Mexico." He participated in the assault
and capture of the City of Mexico September 13-14, 1847,
and was "brevetted lieutenant-colonel September 13,
1S47, for gallant conduct at the Belen Gate of the City
of Mexico."
During 1847 and 184.X he was assistant adjutant-gen-
eral of General Riley's brigade, and from February 2~,
1 S49, to February 22, 1851, he served in the same
capacity to the Pacific Division. On February 22, 1851,
he was ordered to Washington, D. C, for duty in the
adjutant-general's office, and remained on duty there until
March 3, 1 S55, on which date he was promoted major
Tenth Infantry.
While on duty in the adjutant-general's office he made
a tour of inspection of the posts on the Arkansas and
Red Rivers in Florida, and on the Gulf coast east of the
Mississippi River, November 30, 1S53, to July 15, 1854.
He performed the usual garrison duties at Carlisle bar-
racks, Pennsylvania, 1855, and frontier duty at the posts
of Fort Crawford, Wisconsin, 1855-56; Fort Snelling,
Minnesota, 1856-57; and at Fort Garland, New Mexico,
i860. He accompanied the Utah expedition, 1857-60,
and commanded the Navajo expedition in 1860-61.
He was promoted lieutenant-colonel Nineteenth In-
fantry May 14, 1 86 1, and was in command of the Depart-
ment of New Mexico from June 2^,, 1861, to September
18, 1862. During January and February, 1862, he was
engaged in the defence of Fort Craig, New Mexico, and
participated in the combat of Valverde, February 21,
1S62, and action of Pualta, April 15, 1862.
On March 31, 1S62, he was commissioned brigadier-
general U. S. Volunteers and was placed in command of
the draft rendezvous at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, March
7, 1862, to January 15, 1863 ; detailed on special duty in
the War Department until May 7, 1864, and then took
command of the city and harbor of New York, to sup-
press draft riots.
He was promoted major-general U. S. Volunteers May
7, 1864.
He was in command of the Military Division of West
Mississippi May 16, 1864, to June 3, 1865, and while on
a tour of inspection was severely wounded by rebel gue-
rillas on White River, Arkansas, November 4, 1864; and
in command of the forces in the Mobile campaign, March
to May, 1865, which resulted in the capture of Spanish
Fort April 8, and of Blakely April 9, 1865. On March
13, 1865, he was brevetted brigadier-general U. S. Army
for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Val-
verde, New Mexico. On April 12, 1865, he occupied
Mobile, Alabama ; and Montgomery, Alabama, on April
2j, 1865; ami on March 13, 1865, he was brevetted
major-general U. S. Army for gallant and meritorious ser-
vices in the capture of Fort Blakely and Mobile, Ala-
bama.
The rebel arm)' under Lieutenant- General R. Taylor
surrendered to him April 4, and also the rebel forces in
the Trans-Mississippi Department, under General E. K.
Smith, May 26, 1S65.
Promoted brigadier-general U. S. Army July 28, 1866.
He was mustered out of the volunteer service Septem-
ber 1, 1866.
General Canby twice received the thanks of the Presi-
dent for his services.
General Canby was in command of the Department
of the Columbia, and took command of an expedition
against the Modoc Indians in 1873, by whom he was
basely murdered on the nth of April of that year.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
73
COLONEL CALEB H. CARLTON.
Colonel Caleb II. Carlton (Eighth Cavalry) was
born in Ohio September I, 1836, and was graduated from
the Military Academy in the Class of '59. He was pro-
moted brevet second lieutenant of the Seventh Infantry
July 1, 1859, anc' second lieutenant of the Fourth In-
fantry October 12, 1859. He served at Newport Bar-
racks, Kentucky, until April, i860, and was ordered to
Jefferson Barracks, to participate in Blake's expedition
from St. Louis, Missouri, to Fort Vancouver, via the
head-waters of the Missouri River and Military Road,
which occupied him until the following October. He
was then stationed at Fort Hoskins, the Presidio, and
San Bernardino, California, to October, 1861, when he
was ordered East with his regiment. He was promoted
first lieutenant May 14, [861, and captain June 30, [862.
Colonel Carlton was on provost duty with his regiment
in the city of Washington until March, 1862, when he
took the field with the Army of the Potomac, partici-
pating in the Peninsula campaign, and engaged in the
siege of Yorktown, battles of Gaines' Mill, Malvern Hill,
second Bull Run, and Antietam. He was then detailed
on recruiting service to February, 1863, and then on
mustering duty at Washington to June, 1K63. He
received the appointment of colonel of the Eighty-ninth
Ohio Infantry July 7, 1863, and participated in the
campaign of that year with the Western arm)-, being
engaged in the battle of Chickamauga, Kenesaw Moun-
tain, and siege of Atlanta in [864.
He was made prisoner of war September 20, 1863,
and held by the enemy to March 7, 1864. After par-
ticipating in the Atlanta campaign, he was placed in
command of the post of Chattanooga, Tennessee, from
October 17, 1864, to Ma)' 13, [865, and was then com-
manding the Western District of Kentucky to June 23,
1865, when he was honorably mustered out of the
volunteer service.
Colonel Carlton then joined his regiment in the regular
service, and commanded the Fourth Infantry at Fort
Wood, New York, from July 2^ to September 28, 1865,
when his regiment was ordered to the Lakes, and he took
station at Fort Ontario, New York.
He was brevetted major Jul)- 4, 1S62, for " gallant and
meritorious services during the Peninsula campaign,"
and lieutenant-colonel September 20, 1863, for gallant
and meritorious services at the battle of Chickamauga.
In March, 1867, Colonel Carlton's regiment was ordered
to the Plains, and he served respectively in camp at
Omaha, and in garrison at Forts Laramie and Fetter-
\
man until March 23, 1869, when he became unassigned.
He was then detailed as professor of military science
at Miami University, < )hio, and remained on that duty
to October, 1 87 1 , he having in the mean time been assigned
as captain of the Tenth Cavalry December 15, 1870.
He was on leave in Europe from November, 1S72, to
June, 1873. He joined at Fort Sill, and was in the field
in the Kiowa ,md Comanche expeditions from June,
1 S73, to March, 1875, and then was ordered to Texas,
taking station at Fort McKavett, from which post he
took the field, from April 17, 1875, to July 11, 1876.
lie was promoted major of the Third Cavalry May 17,
1876, and was in the field, and on the Cheyenne expe-
dition in Dakota and Nebraska, from June to December
21, 187S, again in the field from October 8 to December,
1879, and again in June, 1880. He was on sick leave
from |ulv S, 1SS0, to June, iNSi.when he was appointed
inspector of national cemeteries to April, 1882. He
was again on leave to November, 1882, when he joined
his regiment in Arizona, and marched with it to Texas
in the spring of 1SS5, where he remained until Sep-
tember, 1886, and was at Forts Davis and Elliott until
July 25, 1887. He then marched with a battalion of
the Third Cavalry to Fort Brown, Texas, a distance of
one thousand miles, arriving there October 20, 1SS7.
Colonel Carlton was promoted lieutenant - colonel
Seventh Cavalry April 11, 1889, and ordered to Fort
Sill, Indian Territory, September 5, remaining at that
station until promoted colonel of the Eighth Cavalry,
with head-quarters at Fort Meade, North Dakota. He
is at present nil leave of absence in California.
74
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
PAYMASTER JOHN RANDOLPH CARMODY, U.S.N.
Paymaster John Randolph Carmody was born at
Mohawk, New York, June 9, 1843. In July, 1862, the
subject of this sketch enlisted in the navy, and served
as paymaster's writer and clerk in the James and York-
Rivers, being present at many skirmishes and reconnois-
sances. As soon as he attained his majority he was ap-
pointed an acting assistant paymaster. He served in the
" Cincinnati," on the Mississippi, under Admiral Porter,
and was present at the operations on the Cumberland and
Tennessee Rivers which resulted in the defeat of the Con-
federate army under Hood. During these operations he
was employed in volunteer reconnoissance service on
shore, which he performed so satisfactorily as to elicit
a letter of special commendation from his commanding
officer.
Paymaster Carmody participated in the siege and cap-
ture of Mobile in the spring of 1865, and was present
at the surrender of the rebel naval forces on the Tombig-
bee River at the close of the war. He continued to serve
in the West Gulf Squadron until July, [866, when, in
recognition of his good war record, he was appointed an
assistant paymaster in the regular navy. During the
next two years he was again in the Gulf of Mexico, while
we were watching the events connected with Maximilian's
assumption of the imperial crown under the auspices and
with the support of Louis Napoleon.
Mr. Carmody was made passed assistant paymaster in
[868, and again went to Southern waters in the " Yantic,"
which vessel was for nearly a year constantly employed
about Hayti, protecting American interests during a
bloody revolution. The ship was then disabled by the
serious outbreak of yellow fevur, which carried off many
of the officers and crew. Paymaster Carmody survived
an attack of the disease, but never fully recovered his
health.
After the Franco-Prussian War, when Congress au-
thorized the conveyance to France in government ves-
sels of contributions to aid the distressed people of that
country, Paymaster Carmody was sent upon that busi-
ness in the store-ship " Relief."
On returning from this duty he was stationed at New
London and at New Orleans as disbursing officer. He
was then ordered to the " Monocacy," on the China and
Japan station, where he remained two years. From [877
to [879 he was in charge of the naval depot at Honolulu,
Sandwich Islands, during which time he was promoted
to be paymaster, with rank of lieutenant-commander.
He was next attached to the receiving-ship " Indepen-
dence," at the navy-yard, Marc Island, California, for
three years.
In 1883 the Naval Mutual Aid Association selected
Paymaster Carmody as their secretary and treasurer.
The Navy Department assigned him to that duty, and
he spent three years in managing its affairs and building
up the association, to the expressed satisfaction of its
members.
Having, in 1886, volunteered for duty in the " Vanda-
lia," fitting out for the Pacific, he was ready to sail when
he was detached and ordered to special duty as assistant
to the paymaster-general of the navy. He was specially
employed by the Secretary of the Navy in the work of
bringing about the consolidation of the accounts of naval
stores and the introduction of economic and business
methods in the purchase and care of supplies. For this
service he received a most complimentary letter from the
paymaster-general.
Close confinement to office-work brought a renewal of
ill health, and, in hope of improvement, he applied for sea-
duty. Again he went, in the steam-corvette " Galena,"
to the Home Station and the West Indies until exposure
to tropical climate brought on a recurrence of disease,
and he was invalided home in 1888. In the following
April, at his own request, he was placed upon the retired
list, under the category, " through physical incapacity
resulting from long and faithful service."
Since that period he has employed himself in journal-
istic writing, and has, beside, become actively identified
with the financial circles of the capital city. Among the
moneyed institutions of Washington, he was one of the
organizers ami directors of the West End National Bank,
and is the treasurer and a director of the largest financial
institution in that city, — the Washington Loan and Trust
Company; also member of the Board of Directors of
the Navy Mutual Aid Association and the Army and
Navy Club, and is a companion of the Military Order of
the 1 .oval Legion.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
75
MAJOR AND BREVET COLONEL L. H. CARPENTER.
Major and Brevet Colonel L. H. Carpenter (Fifth
Cavalry) belongs to a family identified with the early
history of Philadelphia. He is a lineal descendant of
Thomas Lloyd, first governor of the province of Penn-
sylvania, and of Samuel Carpenter, first treasurer of
that province and also a member of Penn's Provincial
Council.
Colonel Carpenter was born at Glassborough, New Jer-
sey, February i r, 1839. He was graduated at the Phila-
delphia High School, and remained for some time at the
University of Pennsylvania. He was a student when the
war broke out, and enlisted in the Sixth Cavalry No-
vember i, 1 86 1, and was commissioned second lieutenant,
Sixth Cavalry, Jul)' 17, 1862. He served in the Army of
the Potomac during a portion of the Peninsula campaign ;
was in the retreat to Yorktown, and in the cavalry cover-
ing Washington after the second battle of Bull Run, and
was engaged in the cavalry operations and skirmishes
connected with the advance of the army after Antie-
tam. He participated at the battle of Fredericksburg,
Stoneman's raid, and action at Beverly Ford June 9,
1863.
Colonel Carpenter was appointed acting adjutant, Sixth
Cavalry, June 12, 1863, and served in the campaign of
Gettysburg, — in various actions and combats, and in the
battle of Gettysburg on July 3, 1863, and in pursuit of the
enemy; and in the Mine Run expedition. May 4, 1864,
he was detailed as acting aide-de-camp on the staff of
Major-General Sheridan, commanding Cavalry Corps,
and was engaged in the Richmond campaign, — battle of
the Wilderness, Todd's Tavern, Sheridan's raid around
Richmond, May 9-24, 1864; battles of Yellow Tavern,
where Stuart was killed ; combat of Meadow Bridge,
May 27, 1864 ; guided advance of the Army of the Poto-
mac from Chesterfield Station, on the North Anna, to
Hanovertown, en route to Cold Harbor ; engaged in pre-
liminary actions and battle of Cold Harbor ; in Sheridan's
raid towards Gordonsville, June 7-28, 1864; battle of
Trevilian Station, June 11-12, 1864; siege of Peters-
burg, and many actions in connection therewith. On
August 10, 1864, he joined the Army of the Shenandoah
as acting aide-de-camp on the staff of General Sheridan,
commanding, and was engaged in many actions in the
Shenandoah Valley and in the battles of Winchester and
Fisher's Hill.
He was appointed lieutenant-colonel, Fifth U.S. Colored
Cavalry, September 28, 1864 and on October 2, 1864 was
ordered to Kentucky, commanding the regiment and post
of Camp Nelson, Kentucky. lie was promoted colonel,
Fifth U.S. Colored Cavalry, October 28, 1865, and mus-
tered out of the volunteer service at Helena, Arkansas,
March 15, 1866.
Colonel Carpenter was appointed captain, Tenth Cav-
alry, July 28, 1866. He has served since the war on the
plains, in the Indian campaigns of 1868 and 1874, against
the Sioux, Cheyennes, Comanches,and Kiowas in Kansas
and the Indian Territory, — that of 1868 being in relief
of Colonel Forsythe's command by a forced march, and
other Indian scouts.
Colonel Carpenter has been a member of numerous im-
portant boards, among which was the Cavalry Equipment
Board at Fort Leavenworth and Watervliet Arsenal in
1873, and Board for Purchase of Cavalry Horses for the
Department of Texas in 1S76. He assisted in quelling
a riot of Mexicans at San Martin, Texas, in 1877-78, and
subsequently engaged in a campaign against the Apaches
in Northwestern Texas in 1880. He was on leave of
absence in Europe in 1881-82, and, after rejoining his
regiment, marched with it down the Platte from Laramie
to Kansas in 1885, and the same year was detached, with
four troops, to Fort Reno, Indian Territory, to provide
against an outbreak of Cheyennes.
Colonel Carpenter was brevetted during the war to
lieutenant-colonel in the regular army and to colonel of
volunteers for gallant services at Gettysburg, Winches-
ter, and services during the war, and brevetted colonel
in the regular army for gallant services in the action
with Indians on Beaver Creek, Kansas, October 28,
1868. He was also mentioned in general orders for
same engagement.
He received his promotion to major. Fifth Cavalry,
February 17, 1X83, and commanded Fort Robinson,
Nebraska, 1883-85. He served at Fort Supply, 1885—
87, and commanded Fort Myer, Virginia, 1887-91. He
is now serving at Fort Reno, Oklahoma Territory.
76
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY regular)
MAJOR HENRY CARROLL.
Major Henry Carroll (First Cavalry) was born in
Copenhagen, Lewis County, New York, May 20, [838.
He moved to Minnesota in i858,and enlisted asaprivate
in Light Battery E, Third Artillery, January 13, 1859, at
Fort Ridgely, Minnesota. He served through the grades
of corporal, sergeant, and first sergeant to July I, 1861.
He participated in an expedition against the Sioux
Indians in the summer of 1851) in Dakota Territory, and
took part in the occupation of Alexandria, Virginia, in
Ma)-, 1 86 1, followed by a reconnoissance and engage
nient at Blackburn's Ford, July 18, and battle of Bull
Run, July 21, same year. In October, 1861, he was in
an expedition to Fort Royal, South Carolina, and occu-
pied Hilton Head in November. Fi 1862 he was at
Fernandina and Jacksonville, Florida, in March; John's
Island, South Carolina, Ma)' and June, and James Island
same month, being engaged on James Island, June 10, in
battle of Fort Lamar or Secessionville ; in bombardment
and capture of Morris Island, July 10, 1863; attack on
Fort Wagner, July 10, and assaults on same position
August 23 and September 7 following. He was under
fire in an advanced battery alternate days during the siege
of Forts Wagner, Gregg, and Sumter, and was presented
a medal for gallant and meritorious conduct August 2^,
1863. He was wounded the same day.
Having been discharged January 13. [864, he re-
enlisted in Light Batten- G, Third Artillery, at Wash-
ington City, February 3, 1864, and joined Ninth Army
Corps, participating in the battle of the Wilderness and
the movements of the Ami)- of Potomac to Spottsyl-
vania until May 11, when he was ordered to Wash-
ington.
He was appointed second lieutenant Third U. S. Cav-
alry May 18, 1864, and joined his battery at Little Rock,
then attached to the Seventh Army Corps. Participated
in operations against Confederate cavalry in Arkansas in
1864-65, and was quartermaster of the Second Cavalry
Brigade (Powell's) and depot quartermaster at Duval's
Bluff, Arkansas, from June to November, 1865.
He was promoted first lieutenant April 14, 1866, and
was en route to Fort Union, New Mexico, through the
Indian Territory, from May to August of that year, per-
forming the duties of adjutant and quartermaster. He
then served at Fort Stevens, Colorado, and Los Finos,
New Mexico, to January, 1867, when he was promoted
to a captaincy in the Ninth Cavalry, joining the latter at
Fort Stockton, Texas. With the exception of a tour of
recruiting service at St. Louis and Chicago from January,
1873, to October, 1874, Major Carroll's service was at
numerous posts in Texas to 1876, where he was engaged
in scouting after Indians, stock-thieves, and murderers ;
in affair with Comanche and Kiowa Indians in September,
1869, on the head-waters of the Brazos River, and in the
reconstruction of civil affairs in Marion Count)- during
January and February, 1870. He was mentioned in
orders from head-quarters Fifth Military District, Austin,
Texas, in November, 1869, for the affair on the Brazos
River.
Changing station to New Mexico in 1876, we find the
major engaged in the following affairs: With Apache
Indians at Florida Mountains, September 15, 1876, for
which he was mentioned in orders, District of New
Mexico ; with Mescalero Apaches in Sacramento Moun-
tains, July 22, 1878, and Dog Canyon, Sacramento Moun-
tains, August 5, 1878 ; with Apaches in the San Andreas
Mountains, February 3, 1880; with Victoria's Apaches,
San Andreas Mountains, April 5-7, 1880, where he was
twice seriously wounded on the 6th, and was mentioned
in orders, District of New Mexico, and recommended for
the brevet of lieutenant-colonel. After this affair the
major was granted a sick leave of absence until March,
1 88 1, when we find him again scouting after Ute Indians
in Colorado and Utah in the summer of that year, for
which he was mentioned in orders, Fort Lewis, Colorado.
He was again in an affair with the Chiracahua Apaches
at Dragoon Mountains, Arizona, October 4, 1881, for
which he was mentioned in orders in the field, and espe-
cially mentioned by the department commander of Ari-
zona, October, 1881.
It would be impossible to follow the major in his
numerous changes of station in this short sketch, or the
duties which have fallen to his lot. His field of duty-
was removed to the Indian Territory in 1 88 1 . to Nebraska
in 1885, and in that year to Montana, having been pro-
moted major of the First Cavalry July 3, 1885. He
took part in the Sioux campaign of Dakota from No-
vember 24, 1890, to February 5, 1891.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
17
MAJOR-GENERAL SAMUEL S. CARROLL, U.S.A.
(retired).
Major-General Samuel S. Carroll (retired) was
born in Washington, D. C, September 21, 1832, and
graduated from the Military Academy July 1, 1S56. He
was promoted brevet second lieutenant of the Ninth
Infantry the same day. He was promoted second lieu-
tenant of the Tenth Infantry October 1, 1856; to a first
lieutenancy April 25, i86l,and to a captaincy November
1, 1861.
At the commencement of the Rebellion he was ten-
dered a first lieutenancy in the Nineteenth Infantry
May 14, 1861, which he declined. lie was appointed
colonel of the Eighth Ohio Infantry December 7, 1861,
and commanded this regiment in Virginia under Gen-
erals Kelly, Lander, and Shields, until May, 1862, when,
by the order of Secretary of War Stanton, he was made
acting brigadier-general of volunteers, and nominated for
the rank of brigadier.
General Carroll was assigned by General Shields to
the command of a brigade, and served in Shields's divi-
sion, Ricketts's division, M< Dowell's corps, and Whip-
ple's division of the Third Corps until April, 1863, when
he was assigned to the command of a brigade in French's
division of the Second Corps, then commanded by Gen-
eral Couch, and subsequently by General Hancock. He
commanded this brigade until May 13, [864.
During this period of servii e General Carroll partici-
pated in the campaigns, battles, and skirmishes in West
Virginia and the Shenandoah Valley under Generals
Kelly, Lander, and Shields. Joining the Army of the
Potomac in the fall of 1862, he participated in the Rap-
pahannock campaign and was engaged in the battles of
Fredericksburg, and afterwards in all t lie actions partici-
pated in by the Second Corps until May 13, 1864. He
was wounded while making a reconnoissance at " Rapi-
dan Station," just after the battle of Cedar Mountain in
1862; also wounded at Morton's Ford February 6,
1864; also wounded in the battle of the Wilderness,
May 5 and 9, and again wounded at the battle of Spott-
sylvania Court-House May 13, 1X64. He was appointed
brigadier-general of volunteers May 12, 1864. In Feb-
ruary, 1S65, General Carroll was assigned to the com-
mand of the Department of West Virginia for about six
weeks, then to the command of a division of the First
Veteran Corps (Hancock's) in the Shenandoah Valley,
and afterwards at Camp Stoneman, near Washington,
until August, 1865, when the division was disbanded.
lie received the following brevets: Major, May 3,
[863, f>r "gallant and meritorious services in the battle
of Chancellorsville ;" lieutenant-colonel, July 3, 1863, for
" gallant and meritorious services in the battle of Gettys-
burg, Pennsylvania;" colonel, Ma)' 5, 1864, for " gallant
and meritorious services in the battle of the Wilderness,
Virginia;" brigadier-general, March 13, 1865, for "gal-
lant and distinguished services in the eight clays' battles
in the old Wilderness and at Spottsylvania Court-House,
Virginia;" major-general, March 13, 1865, for "gallant
and meritorious services in the field during the war," and
major-general of volunteers, March 13, 1865, for "gal-
lant and meritorious services during the war."
In August, 1865, General Carroll was assigned to the
command of the Military District in Virginia under
General Terry, which he retained until January, 1S66,
when he was mustered out of the volunteer service. In
consideration of his gallant conduct during the war, he-
was tendered the lieutenant-colonelcy of the Twenty-first
United States Infantry January 22, 1867, which he-
accepted April I, 1867, and on the 9th of June, 1869, he
was retired for wounds in the line of duty on the rank of
major-general. Since retirement he has lived in Mont-
gomery Count)', Maryland, at wdiat is now the suburban
village of "Takoma Park."
78
OFFICERS OF TUB ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
REAR-ADMIRAL AUGUSTUS LUDLOW CASH. U.S.N.
Rear-Admiral Augustus Ludlow Case was born in
Newburg, New York, in February, 1813, and appointed
midshipman in 1828. After cruising in Brazil and West
Indies, became passed midshipman in 1834. Served on
the Coast Survey and on the United States South Sea
Surveying and Exploring Expedition. While absent on
latter duty commissioned acting lieutenant, and con-
tinued to serve in the expedition from 1837 to 1842.
Commissioned as lieutenant February 25, 1S41 ; cruised
in frigate " Brandywine," East Indies, [843—45. During
Mexican War, in schooner " Mahonese," brig " Por-
poise," frigate " Raritan," sloops-of-war "John Adams"
and " Germantown," Gulf of Mexico, 1846—48. He was
present at and participated in the capture of Vera Cruz,
Alvarado, and Tabasco. After the landing of the troops,
on the first day, was in charge of the beach and superin-
tended the landing of men, ordnance, and stores for the
investment of Vera Cruz. Alter possession of Laguna
was taken by the " Porpoise," he was despatched, in a
" bungo" having one of the " Porpoise's" 42-pounder
carronades mounted on the bow, with Passed Midship-
man F. K. Murray and twenty-five men, up the Palisada
River to the town of the same name, which was captured
and held for a fortnight against a large body of cavalry
which almost daily threatened an attack. The object of
holding the town was to intercept and capture General
Santa Anna, wdio, it was supposed, would endeavor to
escape to Honduras via the Palisada passes. Cruising
in sloop-of-war " Vincennes," Pacific Ocean, 1849-51;
commanding sloop-of-war " Warren," Pacific Squadron,
1852—53 ; light-house inspector, third district, New York,
1853-57.
Commissioned as commander, September 14, 1S55;
waiting orders in 185S; commanding steamer "Cale-
donia," Brazil Squadron and Paraguay Expedition, in
1859; waiting orders in i860. In March, 1 861 , just at
the commencement of the Rebellion, Commander Case
was ordered to Washington as assistant to (then) Com-
modore Stringham, in the Office of Detail; but on
the assignment of the latter to the command of the
North Atlantic Blockading Squadron, he was appointed
fleet-captain of it, and with him joined the steam-frigate
"Minnesota," at Boston, April 13. Subsequently served
in the same position with Flag-Ufficer L. M. Goldsbor-
ough and Acting Rear-Admiral S. P. Lee, who were
successively appointed to command the fleet, 1861-62.
He took part in the capture of Forts Clarke and Hat-
teras, August 28 and 29, 1861 ; Roanoke Island, Feb-
ruary 7 and 8, 1862; Sewell's Point (where, in passing
the heavy fortifications on Craney Island, he landed from
his " tug" and hauled down the large rebel flag there
flying) and Norfolk, May 10, 1862; and all of the gen-
eral active operations of the North Atlantic Fleet, until
January, 1863, when, it being understood that active
operations were over, and that the duty of the fleet
would be mostly confined to blockading, he was assigned
to the command of the steam-sloop " Iroquois," which
was fitted to look after the " Alabama," but was after-
wards attached to the North Atlantic Squadron. In
charge of the blockade of New Inlet, North Carolina,
1863; cut out the steamer "Kate" from under Fort
Fisher and the other batteries at New Inlet, aided by
the steamers "James Adger" and "Mount Vernon," in
August, 1863.
Commissioned as captain January 2, 1863; special
duty, Washington, in 1864; navy-yard, New York-, 1864-
65 ; fleet-captain, European Squadron, 1865-66.
Commissioned as commodore December 8, 1867;
light-house inspector, third district, New York, 1867-69.
Chief of Bureau of Ordnance, 1869-73.
Commissioned as rear-admiral May 24, 1872; com-
manding European Squadron 1873-75, aiu' combined
European North and South Atlantic Fleets, assembled at
Key West, Florida, 1874, for special service in connec-
tion with the steamer " Virginius" difficulties, and for
ordnance, torpedo, and fleet-practice and tactics, etc.
Total sea-service, twenty-four years ten months ; shore
or other duty, twelve years.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
79
COLONEL AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL
SILAS CASEY, U.S.A.
(deceased).
Colonel and Brevet Major-General Silas Casey
(deceased), son of Elizabeth (Goodale) and Wanton
Casey, and nephew of Dr. Lincoln Goodale, whom he
succeeded in 1870, was born in East Greenwich, Rhode
Island, July 12, 1807; died at Brooklyn, New York,
January 22, 1882. His grandfather, Silas, an extensive
importing-merchant before the Revolution, and his
father, Wanton, who was educated in France during
Franklin's residence there, were natives of East Green-
wich. In his youth was educated at the academy in his
native town and at West Point; on graduating July 1,
1S26, was appointed brevet second lieutenant in Seventh
Infantry, stationed at Fort Towson, Arkansas. His sub-
sequent commissions are as follows : Second lieutenant,
1829; assistant commissary subsistence, February, 1836;
first lieutenant, June, 1836; captain, July, 1839; brevet-
major for Contreras and Churubusco, August 20, 1847;
brevet lieutenant-colonel for Chapultepec, September 13,
1847 ; lieutenant-colonel Ninth Infantry, March 3, 1855 ;
brigadier-general of volunteers, August 31, 1861 ; colonel
Fourth Infantry, October 9, 1861 ; brevet brigadier-gen-
eral U. S. Army and major-general volunteers for Fair
( )aks, May 31, 1862; brevet major-general U. S. Army,
March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services dur-
ing the Rebellion.
During the Florida War he was appointed captain in a
regiment of Creek Indian volunteers. He distinguished
himself in the battle of Pilaklikaha (April 19, 1842), and
was recommended by Colonel Worth, his commander,
for the brevet of major. He was engaged in Mexico in
battles of Contreras and Churubusco ; and at the storm-
ing of the castle of Chapultepec, while leading his men
through a terrible fire, was severely wounded in the ab-
domen when near the Mexican batteries. For his services
and conduct in the war with Mexico he received a beau-
tiful silver vase from the inhabitants of his native town
and a resolution of thanks from the Legislature of Rhode
Island. In November, 1 851, while stationed in Califor-
nia, Casey attacked and defeated the Coquille River In-
dians, whom he completely subdued.
In March, 1856, Lieutenant-Colonel Casey, in a cam-
paign of twenty-five days, completely subdued the Puget
Sound Indians in Washington Territory. Pending the
controversy between the United States and the British
government respecting the boundaries of each in that
Territory, Lieutenant-Colonel Casey occupied and forti-
fied San Juan Island, which place was, by agreement be-
tween General Scott and the British authorities, afterward
occupied jointly by the two nations.
Was assigned at breaking out of Civil War to the duty
of organizing into brigades, disciplining, and instructing
the volunteer troops arriving at Washington, D.C. On
March 22, [862, he was assigned to the command of a
division in the Army of the Potomac, and accompanied
it under General McClellan to the Peninsula. Having
been, contrary to his advice and opinion, ordered to Seven
Pines 1 Pair Oaks), where his division was within six
miles of Richmond without support on cither flank, he
commenced work energetically, digging rifle-pits and cut-
ting abatis to strengthen as much as possible his false
position. Here, on May 31, Casey was attacked by an
overwhelming force under Generals Longstreet and Hill,
and after a severe conflict of three hours was driven from
his position with a loss of fourteen hundred and thirty
in killed, wounded, and missing, out of a total force of
less than five thousand men. Says an eye-witness : " The
veteran warrior Casey had been in the thickest of the
fight, directing and animating . . . and nearly one-third
of his command had found a soldier's death, or were
maimed and helpless from the fight."
Besides his promotion, General Casey received the
thanks of the Legislature of his native State for his
bravery and skill in this battle. On June 30 he was
relieved from the command of his division by General
McClellan, and ordered to the White House on the
" Pamunkey," where he successfully performed the duty
of evacuating that depot, destroying supplies that could
not be taken away. On August 1 1 he was again placed
on duty to receive, organize, and instruct the volun-
teers arriving at Washington ; and on this date the
system of tactics for the United States Army by Casey
was adopted by the government. During his period of
duty in Washington General Casey equipped, organized,
and in a preliminary manner instructed about three
hundred thousand volunteer troops. He was, in July
iS. [868, retired at his own request.
So
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN SILAS CASEY, U.S.N.
Captain Silas Casey was born in Rhode Island upon
a family place between Kingston and Narragansett Pier,
on September 11, 1S41. His father was General Silas
Casey, of the U. S. Army, whose long service in the army,
as well as his distinguished conduct in McClellan's Penin-
sula campaign, made his name well known to the country
at large. Captain Casey's brother is now the chief of the
Engineer Department of the U.S. Army; and another
brother, Lieutenant Edward Casey, of the U. S. cavalry,
was foully murdered only a short time ago' bv Western
Indians, in whose interest he was endeavoring to make
parley. It was a most lamentable thing, especially as
Lieutenant Case}- was a true friend of the Indians, and
had succeeded — among the fust — in drilling some of]
them into soldiers.
Captain Silas Casey was appointed an acting midship-
man in September, 1856. After four years at the I'. S.
Naval .Academy, he graduated in i860, and was ordered
to the steam-frigate" Niagara," then one of the remarka-
ble naval vessels. The march of events was rapid in
those days, and Casey found himself a master in the navy
in 1 86 1, at which time he was serving off Pensacola, in
engagements with the Confederate batteries.
He was commissioned lieutenant in July, 1862, six
years alter his appointment as acting midshipman, and
served as executive-officer of the gun-boat " Wissa-
hickon," on the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron,
in 1862-63. Was in several engagements with Fort
McAllister during 1862. He served in the first attack
upon Charleston under Admiral I)u Pont, and then for a
long time was executive-officer of the " Quaker City," in
the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron, during which
period he participated in the two attacks upon Port
Fisher.
After the war closed he was navigating-officer of the
" Winooski," of the Atlantic Squadron, from 1865 to 1867.
He was commissioned as lieutenant-commander in July,
1866, ami was then stationed at the U. S. Naval Acad-
emy for three years. Lieutenant-Commander Casey was
then ordered as executive-officer of the steam-frigate
" Colorado," flag-ship of the Asiatic Squadron, where he
remained from 1870 to 1873. He was in command of
the battalion of sailors from the fleet in the Corean expe-
dition, and the assault on Fort McKee (Elbow Fort),
Seoul River, in June, 1872. Upon his return from this
long and arduous cruise, he was upon ordnance duty at
the Philadelphia Navy- Yard during 1873 and 1874. Com-
missioned as commander in June, 1 874, ami in 1875-76
was in command of the "Portsmouth," sloop-of-war.
He was inspector of the Twelfth Light-House District
from 1876 to 1879, anc' commanded the " Wyoming" and
" Quinnebaug," of the pAiropean Squadron, in 1880-S2.
He then served a term as equipment-officer at the Nav v-
Yard, Washington, I). C, and was inspector of the Fifth
Light-Mouse District, and in command of the " Dale,"
up to 1889. In February, 1889, he was commissioned
captain. I le was ordered to the command of the U. S. S.
"Newark'," in July, 1890, which command he still re-
tains.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
81
BRIGADIER-GENERAL THOMAS LINCOLN CASEY.
Brioadier-General Thomas Lincoln Casey (Corps
of Engineers) was born in New York-. He is the son of
General Silas Casey, deceased, who was retired as colo-
nel of the Fourth Infantry. Young Casey was gradu-
ated at the U. S. Military Academy in the Class of 1852,
and promoted brevet second lieutenant of the Corps of
Engineers. He served at West Point, attached to the
company of sappers, miners, and pontoniers, the year he
graduated ; and was then the assistant engineer in the
construction of Fort Delaware and works of harbor and
river improvement in Delaware River and Bay until
1854, when he was detailed at the U. S. Military Acad-
emy as assistant instructor of practical engineering, and
serving with engineer troops to June 27, 1857 ; then
made principal assistant professor of engineering, which
position he occupied to August 31, 1859.
He was promoted second lieutenant June 22, 1854, and
first lieutenant December 1, 1856.
Being ordered to the Pacific coast in 1859, he was in
command of a detachment of engineer troops in Wash-
ington Territory, and in charge of the construction of a
wagon-road from Vancouver to Cowlitz, Oregon, and in
selecting and surveying military reservations on Puget
Sound from 1858 to 1 861.
He served during the rebellion of the seceding States
as engineer at Fort Monroe, Virginia, on the staff of the
general commanding the Department of Virginia, from
June 11 to August 15, 1861 ; as superintending engineer
of the permanent defences and field fortifications upon the
coast of Maine, and on recruiting service for engineer
troops; on special duty with the North Atlantic Squad-
ron, during the first expedition to Fort Fisher, North
Carolina, December 8-29, 1864, and as member of special
board of engineers for work at Willett's Point, New York,
from April 7 to June 20, 1865.
He was promoted captain of the Corps of Engineers
August 6, 1861, and major October 2, 1863, and bre-
vetted lieutenant-colonel and colonel March 13, 1865, for
" faithful and meritorious services during the Rebellion."
Colonel Casev was member of the board of engineers
fir work at Forts Preble, Scammel, Knox, and Popham,
from August, 1865, to February, 1866, when he was
granted leave of absence from July 26, 1866, to February
25, 1867. He was then detailed as superintending engi-
neer of the construction of Forts Preble and Scammel,
Portland harbor, Maine, and other important works, from
March 1, 1867, to March 3, 1877, when he was appointed
colonel and in charge of public buildings and grounds at
Washington, D. C, retaining this position until April 1,
1 88 1. He was placed in charge of the construction of
the State, War, and Navy Department building, March,
1877, which building he completed March, 1888, of the
Washington National Monument in 1878, which he com-
pleted December 6, 1884.
He was promoted lieutenant-colonel of Engineers Sep-
tember 2, 1874; colonel March 12, 1884, and brigadier-
general and chief of engineers July 6, 1888. Since that
time he has been stationed in Washington, D. C, at the
head of his bureau. He has been a member of the Mas-
sachusetts Society of the Cincinnati since 1882, of the
National Academy of Sciences since 1890, and an
" Officer" of the Legion of Honor of France since Jan-
uary, 1890.
82
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY [regular)
COLONEL ISAAC S. CATLIN.
Colonel Isaac S. Catlin (retired) was born at
Oswego, New York, July 8, (835. When the Rebellion
was inaugurated, he was a member of the law-firm
of Tracy and Catlin at Owego, New York, the senior
member being the present Secretary of the Navy, Hon-
orable Benjamin F. Tracy. Catlin was also mayor of
Owego at that time, having been elected in November,
[860, without opposition. On the 17th of April, [861,
the date el Lincoln's first proclamation for volunteers,
he officially approved a call for a meeting to raise a
company of volunteers. On that evening he enrolled
himself, with others, as an enlisted man, and before the
meeting adjourned the minimum number of men for a
company was enrolled, with himself unanimously elected
as captain. It is claimed to have been one of the first,
if not the very first, company of actual volunteers enlisted
in this State. The company was attached to the Third
New York Volunteers. Me served with it .it Big Bethel,
Virginia. In March, [862, he resigned for the purpose
of raising a new regiment, and when General B. F.
Tracy was assigned to the Twenty-fourth Senatorial or
Regimental District by Governor E. D. Morgan, Catlin
was first made adjutant of the post, then lieutenant-colo-
nel of the One Hundred and Ninth New York Volun-
teers.
lie served in the field with the Army of the Potomac
during the war of the Rebellion ; had separate command
in [863-64 at Falls Church, Virginia, which was kept
in active service watching the predatory movements of
Mosby and other guerillas; in May, 1 864, his regiment
joined the Ninth Corps, and was assigned to the First
Brigade, Third Division; he was sick in hospital at
Washington, D.C., with gastric fever, for several weeks
after the action at Gaines' Farm, Virginia; he rejoined
command in front of Petersburg, Virginia, July, 1864;
and on July 30, while commanding a Provisional Brigade
of three regiments at the battle of the " Crater," he lost
his right leg and received other severe wounds. As
soon as he recovered sufficiently to walk with crutches,
the Secretary of War assigned him to duty as President
of a Court-Martial and Military Commission at Wash-
ington, D.C., where he served with his brevet rank of
major-general until mustered out June 4, [865. In
[867, by reason of the severity of his wounds, he
applied for a captaincy in the arm_\-, to which he was
promptly appointed; and in May, 1S70, he was retired
as a colonel of infantry, being the lineal rank he held
when wounded. He participated in the battle of Big-
Bethel, Virginia, March, 1862; Wilderness, and succeed-
ing engagements; Spottsylvania, North Anna, Gaines'
Farm, and other engagements from the Rappahannock
to James River, and in the battle of the "Crater," in
front of Petersburg, Virginia, 18(14. After the wounding
of Colonel Tracy, May 6, [864, he commanded his
regiment in all engagements up to Gaines' Farm, and
commanded a Provisional Brigade at the battle of the
" Crater," as stated above.
He was made brevet major L'.S.A. May 6, 1S67, for
gallant and meritorious services in the battle of the
Wilderness, Virginia; brevet lieutenant-colonel May 6,
[867, for gallant and meritorious services in the battle
of Petersburg, Virginia; brevet brigadier-general of
volunteers March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious
services during the war; brevet major-general of volun-
teers March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services
in the battles before Petersburg, Virginia. In the report
of Colonel Frederick Townsend, commanding ( >ne Hun-
dred and Ninth New York, with regard to the battle of
Big Bethel, Virginia, he said of him : " He was at Bethel,
and I do not hesitate to say there was no man or officer
more distinguished on that field than he."
After the war, in 1865, he was nominated for District
Attorney of Tioga County, New York, and received the
largest majority ever given a candidate in that county.
In 1 S70 he was appointed assistant United States District
Attorney, which position he held for two years, and then
went into partnership with General Tracy, the present
Secretary of the Navy, in the practice of the law. In
[874 he was nominated for District Attorney in Kings
County, New York, but subsequently retired. In 1S77
he was again, against his own protest, unanimously
nominated by acclamation, and, overcoming an opposing
majority of about 14,000, he was elected by about 3000
majority. He was unanimously renominated by accla-
mation in 1S80, and, .welcoming a normal opposing
majority of 9600, he was elected by about i i ,ooo. In
[885 he was nominated by the County Convention, by
acclamation, for Surrogate, but declined peremptorily.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
§3
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL HENRY L. CH1PMAN
(retired).
Lieutenant-Colonel Henry L. Chipman was born in
Canandaigua, New York, February 23, 1823. He en-
tered the volunteer service as lieutenant-colonel of the
Second Michigan Infantry May 25, 1861, and resigned
June 24, 1861, to accept the appointment of a captaincy
in the Eleventh United States Infantry, to date from May
14, 1 861 . He joined head-quarters Eleventh Infantry
at Fort Independence, Massachusetts, and remained there
until October 14, assisting in organizing the regiment,
and was then ordered to Perryville, Maryland; and was
engaged doing guard duty here until March, 1862, when
he joined the Army of the Potomac, and served contin-
ually with this army until April, 1864; went through
the Peninsula campaign under General McClellan ; on
a reconnoissance from the Potomac River to Leetown,
Virginia; the troops fording the river had continuous
sharp skirmishing for two days, until the command re-
crossed the river, near Shepherdstown, Virginia, he being
engaged on the skirmish-line the most of the time;
March 21, 1863, he was appointed by Major-General
Meade acting assistant inspector-general of the Second
Division, Fifth Corps, (Sykes's regulars) and was on
this duty until April 1, 1864, when, having been
appointed colonel of the One Hundred and Second Regi-
ment United States Colored Troops, he left the Army of
the Potomac and went with regiment to Hilton Head,
South Carolina. On the 30th of August, 1864, he went
with regiment to Jacksonville, Florida, and was engaged
in destroying the railroad leading from Jacksonville to
Tallahassee, Florida ; built an earthwork at Magnolia,
on the St. John's River; and was then sent to Beaufort,
South Carolina, with regiment, where he remained until
November 30, 1864, in command of an extended picket
line, taking in three of the Sea Islands. At the above
date he started with five companies of regiment to join
an expedition, under command of General John P. Hatch,
at Boyd's Landing, South Carolina, for the purpose of
capturing the Charleston and Savannah Railroad; the
result was a severe battle at Honey Hill, South Carolina ;
he commanded a brigade a part of the time during this
battle. Two days after he commanded a reconnoissance
towards the railroad, about five miles from where the
battle was fought, and had a sharp skirmish with the
enemy. On the 9th of December, 1864, another attempt
was made to capture the railroad, about thirty miles dis-
tant from Honey Hill, and in this affair, which was quite
severe, he commanded a brigade composed of three regi-
ments and a battalion of sailors and marines from the
navy ; he was with the first troops that entered Charles-
ton, South Carolina. On April 1, 1S65, left Charleston
with two wasfon-loads of ammunition and two hundred
and fifty men to join an expedition at Nelson's Fern', on
the Santee River, a command from Georgetown, South
Carolina, under General Potter; on reaching the ferry
learned that he had gone on towards Camden, some days
before, so crossed the river and followed his command
foi' five days, fighting his way through to him; one
officer and nine men were wounded and one man killed
while making this march. The day after joining General
Porter he took his own regiment and five companies of
another regiment to drive the enemy from a strong earth-
work immediately in their front and across the road of
the line of march ; turned the enemy's flank and drove
him out after a severe fight of thirty minutes. On the
17th of April, 1865, while on the march back to George-
town, the enemy sent in a flag of truce with the intelli-
gence of the surrender of Generals Lee and Johnston,
and of the assassination of President Lincoln.
Colonel Chipman also participated in the siege of York-
town, battles of Gaines' Mill, Malvern Hill, second Bull
Run, Antictam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettys-
burg, and affair at Rappahannock- Station. Was bre-
vetted major for " gallant and meritorious services at
Chancellorsville," and lieutenant-colonel for same at Get-
tysburg ; and was also made brevet brigadier-general
of volunteers for gallant and meritorious services during
the war. Promoted major of the Third Inf. Oct. 1873,
and lieutenant-colonel of the Seventh Inf. May 19, 1881.
When the Third Infantry, of which he was major,
moved from Corinne, Utah, to Helena, Montana, it
marched five hundred miles in thirty days over the
Rocky Mountains, when the temperature at times was
sixteen degrees below zero and the ground covered with
snow, which had to be scraped away to pitch tents.
Colonel Chipman was retired from active service Feb-
ruary 1, 1887, and now resides in San Antonio, Texas.
84
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (xegvla/d
CAPTAIN WM. H. CLAPP.
Captain Wm. H. Clapp (Sixteenth Infantry) was bom
in Ohio, September 7, 1S36, and at the breaking out of
the war of the Rebellion entered the volunteer service
as a private in Company A, of the Seventy-first New
York Infantry, April 19, 1861, from which he was dis-
charged July 30, 1861. Feeling still the ambition to
serve his country after his first three months' experience
in that regiment in the battle of the first Bull Run, he
again came into service September 25, 1861, as second
lieutenant of the Forty-second Ohio Infantry, and was
promoted first lieutenant March 14, [862. He was an
aide-tie-camp of volunteers from December 19, 1S61, to
April 1, 1862, when he received the appointment of
adjutant of the Forty-second Ohio Infantry, and was
assistant adjutant-general of volunteers on the staff of
Major-General Heron from May, 1862, to July, 1864,
participating in the campaign in Eastern Kentucky, and
engaged in the actions of Middle Creek ami capture of
Cumberland Gap. lie then participated in the Missis-
sippi campaign, and was engaged in the action of Taze-
well, Tennessee. He followed the fortunes and misfor-
tunes of the army in the investment of Vicksburg, being
engaged in the first assault mi the works about that
city, the action of Chickasaw Bayou, the capture of
Arkansas Post, and the siege of Vicksburg. He was
also engaged in the capture of Yazoo City.
He was appointed captain and assistant adjutant-gen-
eral of volunteers May 15, 1863. The captain's field
of duty was subsequently transferred to Texas, and we
find him present at the capture and surrender of Browns-
ville, Texas, and the Trans-Mississippi Department. He
was honorably mentioned in General Orders, by Major-
General Heron, for conduct at the siege of Vicksburg,
and received the brevets of major and lieutenant-colonel
of volunteers March 13, 1865, for " faithful and merito-
rious services during the war."
Captain Clapp entered the regular service as second
lieutenant of the Eleventh United States Infantry Febru-
ary 23, 1 866, and was promoted first lieutenant the same
day. He was adjutant of the First Battalion of the
Eleventh Infantry from August 9 to December 5, 1866,
when he was appointed regimental adjutant. He occu-
pied this position until April 14, 1869, when, by the con-
solidation of regiments, he was transferred to the Six-
teenth Infantry. His services from that time have been
connected with the movements of that regiment, of
which he was appointed adjutant May 1, 1872, retaining
the office until August 1, 1874, when he was made regi-
mental quartermaster. He was promoted captain De-
cember 25, 1874. He served in various States and
Territories, and finally became located at Fort Douglas,
Utah, which is now his post of duty.
WHO SERVED IX THE CIVIL MAR.
85
MAJOR AND BREVET-COLONEL JOSEPH C.CLARK, JR. '
(RETIRED '.
Major and Brevet-Colonel Joseph C. Clark, Jr.
(retired), was born at Mount Holly, New Jersey, No- |
vember 28, 1825. He was graduated at the United
States Military Academy in the Class of 1848, and was
assigned as brevet second lieutenant to the Third United
States Artillery and promoted to second lieutenant
Fourth United States Artillery January 6, 1849; first
lieutenant of the same regiment December 11, 1850, and
captain May n, 1861. He was assigned to duty in the
Mathematical Department United States Military Acad-
emy August 28. 1849, and remained on this duty until
August 28, 185 1, when relieved at his own request. Was
assigned to duty as assistant United States Coast Sur-
vey, 1S54, and was engaged in the triangulation of the
coast of Maine, New York Harbor, and Hudson River;
in the survey of the Florida Reefs and Keys and
approaches to Charlotte Harbor, Florida. Was relieved
from this duty at his own request, 1858. At the
commencement of the Rebellion was stationed at Camp
Floyd, afterwards named Camp Crittenden, Utah, and on
the withdrawal of the troops from this post for active
service in the field was left in command of Fort Bridger.
After several applications for active service he was
relieved from duty at Fort Bridger ami took command
in January, 1862, of Light Battery " E," Fourth United
States Artillery, in Lander's division in West Virginia.
With this division, under General Shields in the Shenan-
doah Valley, took active part in the first Winchester
battle March 23, 1862, and Port Republic June 8 and 9.
As chief of artillery Reno's division Ninth Army Corps
took active part in the battles of second Bull Run, Kettle
Run, Chantilly, and South Mountain, and at Antietam
had his horse killed under him, and received four severe
wounds which completely disabled him from further
active service. Was assigned to duty at the United
States Military Academy, West Point, as principal assist-
ant in the Philosophical Department August 29, 1863,
and remained on this duty until February 21, 1870, when
he was relieved under the Act of Congress which prohib-
ited officers on the retired list being assigned to any
military duty. He was retired from active service as
captain May 11, 1SO4, and as major July 28, 1866, on
account of wounds received in line of duty. Was
appointed deputy governor of the Soldiers' Home,
Washington, 1). C, 1S75, but was relieved from this
duty May 1, 1877, on his own application on account of
disability resulting from wounds received at Antietam.
He was brevctted major for gallant and meritorious ser-
vices in the campaign of the Shenandoah Valley, Vir-
ginia, June 9, 1862; lieutenant-colonel for gallant anil
meritorious services in the battle of Antietam, Maryland,
September 17, 1862, and colonel for gallant and meri-
torious services during the war March 13, 1865.
86
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NA VY {regular)
MEDICAL DIRECTOR CHRISTOPHER
BORNE, M.D., U.S.N.
IAMES CLE-
Christopher James Cleborne, M.D., was born De-
cember 16, 1 838, and was educated abroad at the Collegiate
School of St. James and the Brunswick Academy, Bristol,
England. He began the study of medicine at Edinburgh
in 1856, and was graduated at the University of Pennsyl-
vania in 1860, and the same year was made resident
physician of the Pennsylvania Hospital for the unexpired
term of the late Dr. Thomas B. Reed, — was locum tenens
of Drs. Conrad and Lewis of that hospital. He was
elected a member of the Academy of Natural Sciences
July 31, i860, and in 1861 was appointed an attending
physician of the Moyamensing House of Industry.
At the outbreak of the Civil War, though most of his
family joined the Confederacy, he entered the service of
the United States as assistant surgeon May 9, 1 861, and
was attached to the sloop-of-war "Jamestown," North
Atlantic Squadron, from May, 1S61, to January, 1862,
and participated in the destruction of the "Alvarado,"
under batteries at Fernandina, August 5, 1861. He was
ordered, in 1862, to the sloop-of-war " Dale," South At-
lantic Squadron, and was in expedition to Stono River,
engagements on South Edisto, and saw temporary service
with Forty-fifth Pennsylvania Regiment at Otter Island,
South Carolina, 1862 ; ordered to gun-boat " Aroostook,"
West Gulf Squadron, 1S63; in operations of Mobile, 1863.
He was commissioned surgeon, with the rank of lieuten-
ant-commander, November 24, 1S63 ; at naval rendezvous,
Philadelphia, 1S64 ; ordered to the U.S.S. " Ticonderoga,"
South Atlantic Squadron, and coast of Brazil, 1864-65 ;
present at both battles of Fort Fisher, December, 1864,
when the " Ticonderoga," soon after going into action,
lost, by the bursting of her Parrott-gun, twenty-one killed
and wounded ; present at the bombardment and capture of
Fort Fisher January 1 5, 1865. He was ordered, as judge-
advocate of the Naval Retiring Board, to Philadelphia
in [865 ; attached to the flag-ship " Rhode Island," West
India Squadron, in 1866, and in charge of U.S.S. " Bien-
ville" during epidemic of yellow fever in 1S66; judge-
advocate of Naval Retiring Board, 1S67, and was elected
a member of the Conchological Society of Philadelphia
March 7, 1867; attached to sloop-of-war "Saratoga,"
1868-69; flag-ship " Powhatan," 1870; a member of the
Naval Medical Examining Board, Philadelphia, 1870!
ordered to Naval Station, League Island, 1871 ; elected
a member of the Pennsylvania- Historical Society Sep-
tember 23, 1S72; attached to sloops-of-war "Juniata,"
" Plymouth," " Brooklyn," and " Congress," in European
Squadron, 1872-74; ordered to navy-yard, Portsmouth,
New Hampshire, 1875-78 ; delegate to American Medical
Association in 1876; commissioned medical inspector,
with rank of commander, January 6, 1878; on special
duty in Portsmouth from November, 1878, to April, 1879;
ordered to flag-ship " Tennessee," as fleet-surgeon of the
North Atlantic Squadron, 1879-8] ; attached to the navy-
yard, Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 1S81-84; elected a
member of the Historical Society of Virginia in 1883;
memberof Medical Examining Board, Philadelphia, 1884
-87 ; appointed one of the vice-presidents of the Inter-
national Medical Congress June 4, 1886; chairman of
the Medical Committee of the Constitutional Centennial
in 18S7, and organized the Volunteer Medical Corps of
the Centennial in September, 1887 ; commissioned medi-
cal director, with the rank of captain, September, 1887;
elected president of the Volunteer Medical Association of
Philadelphia in 18S7 ; director of Naval Hospital, Norfolk,
Virginia, January, (888, and director of Naval Hospital,
Chelsea, 1891.
Dr. Cleborne is a grandson of the late William Cleborne,
of Derinsolla, — representative of the Westmoreland family
of that name, a branch of which was settled at Roman-
coke, Virginia, by Secretary William Claiborne, early in
the seventeenth century.
The present station of Medical Director Cleborne is at
Boston, where he is in charge of the Chelsea Naval Hos-
pital, and is, ex officio, a trustee of the National Sailors'
Home at Quincy, Massachusetts.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
87
CAPTAIN AND ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTER
JOHN LINCOLN CLEM, U.S.A.
Captain and Assistant Quartermaster John Lin-
coln Clem was born in Newark, Ohio, August 13, 185 1.
He entered the volunteer service, at the breaking out of
the Rebellion, as a drummer in May, 1861, but on
account of his youth (not ten years old) was not enlisted,
although he served as a drummer in Company C,
Twenty-second Michigan Infantry until he was enlisted,
May 1, 1863. He served in the field in the Army of the
West ; was promoted sergeant of Company C, Twenty-
second Michigan Infantry at the battle of Chickamauga,
and was honorably discharged from the volunteer service
September 19, 1864.
Captain Clem is probably the youngest soldier on
record, and began active service when about eleven
years of age. Shortly after the death of his mother, he
offered his services to the Third Ohio Regiment as
drummer, but was rejected, being then not ten years of
age. He afterwards offered himself to the Twenty-
second Michigan Regiment, but was again rejected. He
determined, however, to cast his fortunes with the
Twenty-second Michigan, and April, 1862, found him
beating the " long-roll" before Shiloh, where his bravery
was so great that he was mustered in, and was known as
"Johnny Shiloh." But it was on the 23d of September,
1863, at the battle of Chickamauga, that he won the
name which will live long after he has passed away.
Here, though just passed his twelfth year, he had laid
aside the drum for the musket, and, after acting for a
while as a marker, with a musket, the barrel of which
had been cut down expressly for his use, he took his
place in the ranks. As the day closed and the army
retired to Chattanooga, his brigade was ordered to sur-
render by the enemy, and " Little Johnny" himself was
covered by the sword of a Confederate colonel, but
quickly bringing his gun into position he shot the Con-
federate colonel. His regiment was then fired into, and,
falling as if shot, the juvenile soldier laid close until
dark-, when he went to Chattanooga and joined his com-
mand. For his bravery he was made a sergeant by
General Rosecrans, and attached to the head-quarters of
the Army of the Cumberland, and was presented with a
silver medal by Miss Kate Chase, a daughter of the chief
justice. He was afterwards captured and held prisoner
for sixty-three days, and after his release was made
orderly sergeant by General Thomas, who had succeeded
General Rosecrans, and was attached to his staff. At
the close of the war he went to school and graduated at
the Newark High School. In 187 1 General Grant, in
recognition of his merits, appointed him second lieuten-
ant of the Twenty-fourth U. S. Infantry, and served on
signal duty at Fort Whipple, Virginia, during the years
1872-73; then ordered to the Artillery School at Fort
Monroe, Virginia, from which he graduated in 1875 ; he
was after this detailed as Professor of Military Science at
Galesville University, where he served from June 8, 1879,
to May 4, 1882.
Joining his regiment in Texas, he remained with it
until appointed a captain and assistant quartermaster
and ordered to Schuylkill Arsenal, Philadelphia, Penn-
sylvania, May 4, 1882, where he remained until trans-
ferred to Fort McHenry in 1883. In 1886 he was
assigned to duty as depot quartermaster at Ogden, L^tah,
and in 1888 removed to Columbus, Ohio, doing duty as
depot quartermaster at Columbus Barracks, his present
station.
ss
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
COLONEL DAVID RAMSAY CLENDENIN.
Colonel David Ramsay Clendenin was born in Lan-
caster County, Pennsylvania, June 24, 1830, his family
connection embracing the names of Colonel John Steele
and David Ramsay. When but a youth, Colonel Clen-
denin visited Illinois and remained to complete his edu-
cation at Galesburg Knox College, of which institution
he is an alumnus.
In the summer of 1861 he raised a company of volun-
teers for the Eighth Illinois Cavalry (General Farns-
worth) and at the organization of the regiment at St.
Charles, Illinois, on September 18, 1861, he was made
major of the regiment. For the next four years the
Eighth Illinois Cavalry was identified with the Arm)' of
tlir Potomac, and the duties peculiar to cavalry brought
them into scenes of danger and distress and gave oppor-
tunities of heroism.
lie participated in the fatigue and exposure and fight-
ing of the Peninsula campaign, taking his share of
roughing it. At the battle of Upperville he had two
horses shot under him. At one time (at llaxall's Land-
ing), when alone with an orderly, inspecting pickets, a
bullet from a rebel picket passed through his hat, the
orderly also receiving some bullets through his clothes.
When pushing ahead of the command with a squadron
of the Eighth Illinois and a squadron of the Sixth
Pennsylvania, as escort to the engineer officer, he cap-
tured a supply-train of the enemy, which had with it
negro laborers, which he sent back to our lines as con-
traband of war.
General Hooker, in command of the Army of the
Potomac, before the battle of Gettysburg, in the spring
of 1863, when the army was in front of Fredericksburg,
ordered him to take three days' rations and make a raid
with his men along the fords of the James River and
break up the contraband trade of ammunition and sup-
plies. He was gone eleven days, and captured rebels
and trains, three times as man)- men as under his com-
mand, and broke up the trade.
He was in the three-days' fight at Fredericksburg, at
Coal Harbor, Kent Court-House, Cumberland, White
House, Mechanicsville, First and Second Malvern Hill,
and other battles of the Army of the Potomac.
Was made lieutenant-colonel of his regiment Decem-
ber 5, 1862, and brevetted colonel of volunteers and
brigadier-general of volunteers for meritorious services
during the war.
Most of the time after becoming lieutenant-colonel he
was in command of his regiment.
In the summer of 1864, when the city of Washington
was threatened and so nearly captured by General Jubal
Earl)-, Colonel Clendenin was with Major-General Lew-
Wallace in Maryland, lighting, with the six companies of
his regiment, an overwhelming force of the enemy at
fearful odds, delaying the progress of the rebel army
until the Union army under General Grant, at Richmond,
could send reinforcements for the defence of Washing-
ton. It is well to remember, says the historian, that but
for the gallant stand at Monocacy, Maryland, the arrival
of these troops would have been too late.
In the book " Story of Washington," page 154, we find
him mentioned as follows: "Colonel Clendenin, who, as
we have seen, had been fighting on the extreme left,
proved himself a gallant officer. Finding himself cut off
from the main bod)-, he threw himself into the little vil-
lage of LTrbana, where he repeatedly repulsed the assaults
of the enemy, and at last, by a bold charge, sabre in
hand, cut through the hostile ranks, capturing the battle-
flag of the Seventh Virginia. ' As brave a cavalry soldier
as ever mounted horse,' said his commander, in his
report of the battle."
After the surrender of General Lee and the cessation
of hostilities, came the assassination of President Lin-
coln. The Eighth Illinois Cavalry, under Colonel Clen-
denin, was sent out as one of the search-parties to find
the assassin Booth.
Colonel Clendenin was detailed on the commission to
try the conspirators at Washington in 1865, and was a
member of that court.
He was commissioned major of the United States
Cavalry (Eighth) on January 22, 1867. Lieutenant-col-
onel of the Third United States Cavalry November 1,
1882, and colonel of the Second United States Cavalry
October 29, 1888.
He has served on the frontier almost unremittingly
since 1867, never having a detail except to harder duty,
and never shirking the duty of his regular work. He
was retired from active service on account of failing-
health April 20, 1 891.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
89
COLONEL HENRY WHITNEY CLOSSON, U.S.A.
Colonel Henry Whitney Closson (Fourth Artil-
lery) was born in Whitingham, Vermont, June 6, 1832,
and graduated from the Military Academy July 1, 1854.
He was appointed second lieutenant in the First Artillery,
and his first service was at Fort Yuma, California, from
1854 to 1855. While there he commanded the party
which escorted Lieutenant Michler on the boundary
survey of 1855. From Yuma he went to San Antonio,
Texas, in 1856; from there to Fort Clark, Texas. The
same year he took part in the scout to the head-waters of
the Neuces, against the Lipan Indians, April 10 to 20,
1856, and was engaged in the pursuit and surprise of
three parties of Lipans August 20, 1856, near the mouth
of the Pecos River.
On October 31 of the same year he was promoted to
first lieutenant in the First Artillery, and served the
remainder of that year in garrison at Baton Rouge,
Louisiana. In 1857 he served against the Seminole
Indians of Florida, and from there went to Fort Adams,
Rhode Island, where he remained until 1859. The con-
clusion of that year saw him again on the frontier .it
Fort Clark and Fort Duncan, Texas, and Fort Taylor,
Florida, until 1861. He was offered a captaincy in the
Nineteenth Infantry May 14, 1861, which was declined,
and on the same date was promoted to be captain in his
own regiment. He participated in the gallant defence of
Fort Pickens, November, 1861, and January and May,
[862, distinguishing himself so much as to be selected
for chief of artillery for the district of Pensacola, May
16 to December 24, 1862. From that time to March 13,
1863, he commanded his battery at Baton Rouge. He
was chief of artillery of General Grover's division of the
Nineteenth Army Corps in the Teche campaign, which
lasted from March to August, 1863, being engaged in
the following actions: Grand Lake Landing, April 13;
Irish Bend, April 14; Vermilion Bayou, April 17, and
the siege of Port Hudson, Ma}' 24 to July 8. He was
brevetted major for gallant and meritorious services at
the capture of Port Hudson. He was appointed chief
of artillery Nineteenth Corps October 4, 1863, and served
in the Red River campaign, being engaged at Sabine
Cross-Roads April 8, 1864; Pleasant Hill April 9, and
Crane River Crossing April 23 ; was chief of artillery of
the Mobile Expedition, August, 1864, and participated in
the siege of Fort Gaines and Fort Morgan, and for gal-
lant and meritorious services at the latter place was
brevetted lieutenant-colonel. November 1 of the same
year he was transferred to the Army of the Potomac as
chief of artillery and ordnance of the cavalry corps to
December 31 ; was inspector of the horse artillery bri-
gade from January until April, 1865. At the disband-
ment of the armies he returned to the command of his
batten-, at Winchester, Virginia, July, 1865; served at
Fort McHenry, Maryland, July to October, 1S65; Fort
Schuyler, New York harbor, to June, 1866; Fort Porter,
New York, to August, 1866, and on recruiting service,
to November 30, 1867. Upon return to regimental duty
he was stationed at Fort Hamilton, New York, until
November 18, 1872. From there he went to Savannah,
where he remained until November 30, 1S75 ; then
to Plattsburg Barracks, New York, to October, 1876.
While on duty here Captain Closson was ordered to the
Southern States on account of anticipated difficulties
growing out of the disputed Presidential election of
1876. He remained on this duty to December, 1876.
In January, 1877, he was ordered to Fort Barrancas,
Florida, having been promoted to be major Fifth Artil-
lery November 1, 1876.
He remained four years at Barrancas, and went in
November, 1881, to Fort Niagara, where he was stationed
until November, 1882. He then moved to Fort Wads-
worth, New York, where he remained for six years, the
longest tour of duty at one post. He was made lieu-
tenant-colonel Fifth Artillery September 14, 1 883, and
colonel Fourth Artillery April 25, 1888. This trans-
ferred him to Fort Adams in May, 1888.
The regiment moved south in May, 1889, and Colonel
Closson's head-quarters have been since then at Fort
McPherson, Atlanta, Georgia.
January 5, 1890, he was a member of the board to
examine the workings of the Artillery School at Fort
Monroe, Virginia, and September 9, 1890, he was de-
tailed upon another most important duty as member of
a board to examine and report upon the capabilities of
various sites for gun-foundries and factories, whereby the
heavy steel rifled-guns can be made to put us upon an
equality, to say the least, with other great nations of the
world.
9°
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL JOHN W. CLOUS, U.S.A.
Lieutenant-Colonel John W. Clous (Deputy Judge-
Advocate-General) was born in Germany June 9, 1837.
He entered the army February 2, 1857, serving as private,
Company K, and in band, Ninth Infantry, to November
5, i860, and as private and corporal, Company K, and
quartermaster-sergeant, Sixtli Infantry, from February 9,
1 861, to December 7, 1862. In the fall of 1861 the Sixth
Infantry was assigned to General Sykes's command of
regulars and became part of the Army of the Potomac.
Quartermaster-Sergeant Clous's "praiseworthy conduct
during the movement" of that army " from the Chicka-
hominy to the James River and his cool behavior at the
battle of Malvern Hill in the performance of his duties"
resulted in his being recommended for appointment as
second lieutenant in the arm)-. He was commissioned
as such by President Lincoln on November 29, 1862, and
assigned to the Sixth Infantry. He was on duty with
his regiment dming its entire service in the field with the
Army of the Potomac, participating in the siege of York-
town, seven days' battles in June, 1862, battles of Malvern
Hill, second Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chan-
cellorsville, and Gettysburg. He was brevetted first lieu-
tenant and captain for gallant and meritorious services in
the battle of Gettysburg. He was regimental quarter-
master from February 1, 1864, to April, 1S65, and regi-
mental adjutant from the latter date to March 28, 1867.
He was promoted first lieutenant, Sixth Infantry, March
28, 1865.
After a short term of service at Savannah, Georgia,
and Hilton Head, South Carolina, in 1865, with his
regiment, he took station at Charleston, South Carolina.
While at this place Lieutenant Clous, in addition to his
duties as regimental adjutant, was, in March, 1S66, detailed
as adjutant-general of the Department of South Carolina,
continuing in that capacity upon the consolidation of the
latter with the Department of the Carolinas and of the
South, and subsequently into the Second Military Dis-
trict,— of all of which Major-General Daniel F. Sickles
was the permanent commander. During the government
and reconstruction of the States of North and South
Carolina by this general officer, Lieutenant Clous ren-
dered most valuable and efficient services. Having been
appointed captain in the Thirty-eighth Infantry, he was,
in September, 1867, at his own request, relieved from
duty as adjutant-general.
In March, 1868, Captain Clous joined his company, in
the Department of the Missouri, at once taking the field,
escorting the construction forces of the Union Pacific
Railroad, E. D.(now Kansas Pacific). In October, 1868,
he was detailed as an acting aide-de-camp on the staff of
Major-General Sheridan during the latter's winter cam-
paign against the Indians of the Southwest. Upon his
return, in March, 1869, he conducted a battalion of the
Thirty-eighth Infantry from Fort Hays, Kansas, through
the Indian country to Fort Richardson, Texas. Being,
through consolidation, transferred to the Twenty-fourth
Infantry, Captain Clous served with his company on the
frontier of Texas at Forts Griffin, McKavett, and Brown,
taking part, in 1872, as acting engineer-officer in General
Mackenzie's expedition across the Staked Plains, and
in the Indian engagement of the latter's command on
September 29, 1872, at North Fork of the Red River,
Texas.
For gallant conduct in that engagement, Captain Clous
was specially mentioned in General Order No. 99, Head-
quarters of the Arm)', A. G. O., November 19, 1872 ; at
Fort Brown — from 1873-77 — his company was mounted,
and performed scouting duty along the Rio Grande
during the border disturbances.
He was admitted to the bar at San Antonio, Texas.
He was judge-advocate in many important trials during
his service in Texas, and served as judge-advocate of the
Department of Texas, with the exception of a short inter-
val, from January, 1881, to August, 18S4. In April, 1886,
upon the recommendation of Major-General Hancock and
other prominent officers, as well as of the judges and
lawyers of the bar of which he was a member, he was
appointed major and judge-advocate. In May, 1887, he
was admitted as an attorney and counsellor of the Su-
preme Court of the United States. From May, 1886, to
August, 1890, he served in Washington as the assistant
to the judge-advocate-general. On August 28, 1890, he
became, by assignment of the Secretary of War, professor
of law of U. S. Military Academy, West Point, New York,
where he is now serving. On February 12, 1892, he was
promoted lieutenant-colonel and deputy judge-advocate-
general of the United States Army,
ll'/fO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
9i
MAJOR EDWIN M. COATES, U.S.A.
Major Edwin M. Coates (Nineteenth Infantry) was
born in New York City January 29, 1836. He was a
member of Ellsworth Chicago Zouaves in 1S60, and en-
tered the volunteer service as first lieutenant of the
Eleventh New York Zouaves, Colonel E. E. Ellsworth,
April 20, 1 86 1, but the regiment was not mustered into
the United States service until it arrived in Washington
May 7, 1 86 1. He was with the regiment in the advance
of the army on Alexandria May 24, 1861, and assisted
in taking possession of the Marshall House in that city,
at six o'clock, a.m., May 24, with a squad of the regi-
ment, a few moments after the shooting of Colonel Ells-
worth by Jackson, the proprietor of the house. He
accompanied the remains of Colonel Ellsworth to his
former home at Mechanicsville, New York, where they
were interred.
Lieutenant Coates resigned his volunteer commission
August 4. [861, and entered the regular service as second
lieutenant of the Second Dragoons August 5, 1861. He
was transferred to the Twelfth Infantry September 20,
1S61, and joined his regiment at Fort Hamilton, New
York harbor, where he served as battalion quartermaster
until January, 1863, when he joined his regiment in the
field with the Army of the Potomac at Falmouth, Vir-
ginia, where he was made adjutant of the first battalion,
Twelfth Infantry, He served in the field with his regi-
ment until September, 1S64, when he left the field by
being disabled from the fall of his horse, having partici-
pated in the battle of the Wilderness May, 1864, and the
subsequent campaign.
He was then ordered on recruiting duty, where he re-
mained until October, 1866, when he joined his regiment
at Washington, D. C. He was promoted first lieutenant
October 24, 1861, and was brevetted a captain August 1,
1864, "for gallant services in the battle of the Wilder-
ness, and during the campaign before Richmond, Vir-
ginia."
He was promoted captain April 4, 1865, and upon
the reorganization of the army, in 1866, was trans-
ferred to the Thirtieth Infantry. He left with his regi-
ment for the plains in January, 1867, and passed the
remainder of the winter in camp on the South Platte
River, opposite Fort Sedgwick, Colorado. He was
afterwards in camp along the line of the Union Pacific
Railroad during its construction, and at Fort D. A. Rus-
sell and Fort Sanders, Wyoming, until 1871. In the
mean time Captain Coates with his company was trans-
ferred to the Fourth Infantry March 23, 1869, upon the
consolidation of regiments. The station of his regiment
was changed to Kentucky in 1871, and in 1872 to Little
Rock, Arkansas, where he remained until May, 1873,
when the regiment was ordered to California, to take
part in the Modoc war ; but upon arriving at Omaha,
the necessity no longer existed for additional troops on
the Pacific coast, and Captain Coates was sent with his
company to Fort Bridger. He served subsequently at
Forts Fetterman and Robinson, and was in the field
against hostile Sioux Indians in the early part of 1876.
Afterwards he was stationed at Fort Fred Steele and
Fort Omaha, and was changed to Fort Sherman, Idaho,
in July, 1886. From this post he was sent to Boise
Barracks, Idaho, in 1890, when he was promoted major
of the Nineteenth Infantry, to date from July 14, and
ordered to the command of Fort Mackinac, Michigan,
his present station.
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN JOHN NICHOLS COE, U.S.A.
Captain John Nichols Cue (Twentieth Infantry) was
born in Portland, Maine, July 21, 1836. He entered
the regular service as private of Company H, First Bat-
talion Eleventh U. S. Infantry, and was subsequently
appointed corporal, sergeant, and first sergeant of the
same company. On the 14th of April, 1862, he was made
quartermaster-sergeant of the Eleventh Infantry, which
he retained until April 1, 1865, having been appointed
second lieutenant of the Eleventh Infantry March 12.
1865, but not receiving the appointment until April. He
was promoted first lieutenant the same day of his appoint-
ment.
Captain Coe served with his regiment in the field with
the Army of the Potomac from December, 1862, to the
close of the war of the Rebellion, and was then stationed
with his regiment in Richmond, Virginia, from May, 1865,
to January, 1867, and then in Louisiana to April, 1869.
He was transferred to the Twentieth Infantry September
21, 1866, upon the reorganization of the army, and was
promoted captain June 19, 1868.
He was stationed at various points in the Indian
country (Dakota) most of the time from May, 1869, to
December, 1877. His regiment was then transferred to
Texas, along the Rio Grande, from January, 1878, to
November, iSSi. He then had two years' duty at Fort
Leavenworth, Kansas, and rejoined his regiment at Fort
Supply, Indian Territory, where he remained until May,
1885, when his regiment was ordered to Montana, and
he took station at Fort Assinaboine, where he has been
on duty to the present time.
Captain Coe was adjutant of the Second Battalion of
the Eleventh Infantry from June 18, 1865, to October 4,
1865, when he was made quartermaster of the Second
Battalion, which he retained until September 21, 1S66.
On the 6th of December, 1866, he was appointed regi-
mental quartermaster of the Eleventh Infantry, and held
that position until promoted captain.
WHO SERVED FN THE CIVIL WAR.
93
COMMANDER GEORGE W. COFFIN, U.S.N.
Commander George W. Coffin, U.S.N., is a native of
Massachusetts, and was appointed from that State. Me
entered the Naval Academy in September, i860, and
graduated in 1863, during the height of the Civil War.
He was promoted to ensign on ( (ctober 1, 1863. While
attached to the steam-sloop " Ticonderoga," North
Atlantic Blockading Squadron, he was in both attacks
upon Fort Fisher, and was wounded in the right leg by
a Minie-ball during the land assault upon that strong-
hold. After the end of the Civil War he served in the
" Shawmut," on the coast of Brazil. Commissioned as
lieutenant July 25, 1S66, and was attached to the steam-
frigate " Franklin," of the European Squadron, in
1867-68. Was commissioned lieutenant-commander
March 12, 1868. Upon his return from the luiropean
station he performed a tour of duty at the Naval Acad-
emy; and was then, in 1870-71, chief of staff of the
North Atlantic fleet. He was next attached to the gun-
nery ship " Constellation," 1871-72, and was then at the
Naval Academy again, 1873-74. Attached to the " Ply-
mouth," North Atlantic Station, 1874-75 ; and the " Hart-
ford," flag-ship of the same station, in 1875-77. Com-
manded the steamer " Hassler," on the Coast Survey, in
1877-80. Promoted to commander in November, 1878.
Attached to Naval Observatory, 1880-81. On duty as
light-house inspector from 1 88 1 to 1884, and on ord-
nance duty at the New York Navy- Yard, 1884-86. In
command of the " Alert," on the Greely Relief Expedi-
tion, in 1884. Commanded the steam-sloop " Quinne-
baug," of the Mediterranean Squadron, 1886-87. Light-
house inspector in 1S88-89, and appointed secretary of
the Light-House Board in 1889, which position he holds
at present.
94
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
REAR-ADMIRAL NAPOLEON COLLINS, U.S.N.
Rear-Admiral Napoleon Collins was a native of
Pennsylvania, but was appointed midshipman from Iowa
January 2, I S34 ; promoted to passed midshipman July
16, 1840; commissioned as lieutenant November 6, 1S46;
sloop " Decatur," Home Squadron, 1S46-49; at Tuspan
and Tabasco, Mexican War ; steamer " Michigan," on the
Lakes, 1850-53 ; commanding store-ship "John P. Ken-
nedy," North Pacific Expedition, 1853-54; steam-frigate
"Susquehanna," East India Squadron, 1S54-55 ; navy-
yard, Mare Island, California, 1856-57; sloop "John
Adams," Pacific Squadron, 1857-58; steamer "Michi-
gan," on the Lakes, 1858-60; commanding steamer
"Anacostia," Potomac Flotilla, 1861; engagement at
Acquia Creek, May 31 and June 1, 1861 ; commanding
gun-boat " Unadilla," South Atlantic Blockading Squad-
ron, 1861-62 ; battle of Port Royal, November 7, 1862;
various expeditions on the coasts of South Carolina,
Georgia, and Florida, 1861-62 ; commissioned as com-
mander July 16, 1S62 ; commanding steamer " Octoraro,"
West India Squadron, 1S62-63 ; commanding steam-sloop
" Wachusett," special service, 1863-64. On the 7th
October, 1S64, Commander Collins, then in the " Wa-
chusett," seized the rebel steamer " Florida," lying within
the harbor of Bahia, Brazil ; the capture was effected
without loss of life. Commissioned as captain July 25,
1866; commanding steam-sloop "Sacramento," special
service, 1867; navy-yard, Norfolk, 1S69-70; commis-
sioned as commodore 1 871, and as rear-admiral 1874.
Died in 1876.
Commander Collins's seizure of the " Florida" was
a peculiar episode of the Civil War, — as much so
as Wilkes's seizure of the Southern commissioners
on board the " Trent." Mr. Seward disavowed the
act, and insisted upon the trial of Collins by court-
martial.
While negotiations were proceeding in regard to her
icturn to the friendly neutral port from which she had
been taken, she was run down by a steam-transport, at
night, while moored at Newport News, Virginia, and
sunk.
Commodore Collins was not long under technical
punishment for this affair. lie had the moral support of
the service and of the country at large ; the feeling being
that so dangerous a vessel as the " Florida" must be dis-
posed of when she could be laid hands on, even at the
risk of international complications.
The case has since been often referred to by writers on
such subjects, and it has been said that it might be
brought up as a precedent in some future complication
of a like nature. But our government placed itself
rightly- upon record by the arraignment of Collins, and
by the express disavowal of his act.
The Brazilian government — the party really aggrieved
— was satisfied with the explanations and the acts of our
own government, and so the matter dropped. If the
vessel had been actually delivered in the port of Bahia,
it would have been when the civil war was near its end,
and she would, no doubt, have been held by the Brazilian
government until satisfactory evidence was given that she
would not be used against a friendly state.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
95
CAPTAIN RICHARD S. COLLUM, U.S.M.C.
Captain Richard S. Collum was born in Indiana
and appointed from that State to the U. S. Naval Acad-
emy as acting midshipman September 20, 1854. He
resigned after remaining there about two years and a
half. When the Civil War occurred he applied for ser-
vice, and received a commission as second lieutenant in
September, 1861. He served in the "St. Lawrence"
frigate from September, 1 86 1, to May, 1863, as his previous
drill had rendered him an effective officer. During that
service he was at St. Simon's, Georgia ; Port Royal, South
Carolina; the engagement with the Sewell's Point Bat-
tery, and the Confederate ram " Merrimac ;" the bom-
bardment of Sewell's Point and the capture of Norfolk.
He was afterwards in the East Gulf Squadron, and in
three boat expeditions on the Florida coast and in In-
dian River.
He was commissioned a first lieutenant on December
30, 1862, and while on leave of absence, in July, 1863,
volunteered his services to Governor Morton, of Indiana,
during the raid of the Confederate General Morgan to
the north of the Ohio River. His services were ac-
cepted, and he was placed in command of a battalion of
provisional troops. Lieutenant Collum was after this
stationed at Cairo and Mound City, and attached to the
Mississippi Squadron for a year. During that period
he was actively engaged, — especially in expeditions into
Kentucky in pursuit of guerillas. Afterwards member of
a commission to investigate charges against certain active
rebel sympathizers at Louisville, Kentucky; and was
attached to the frigate " New Ironsides" from August,
1864, to April, 1865, during which time that vessel bore
.1 prominent part in the two attacks upon Fort Fisher.
He served at the Washington Navy- Yard next, being in
temporary command at the barracks during the confine-
ment of Paine and his associate conspirators. From
November, 1867, to December, 1S68, he was in command
of Marine Barracks at Mound City, Illinois. His next
service was on board the " Richmond" in the Mediterra-
nean Squadron, from 1869 to 1871, being ordered to the
Naval Academy upon his return to the United States.
Commissioned captain in March, 1872, and stationed
at the marine barracks, Boston, from April, 1872, to
January, 1875. During this tour of duty Captain Collum
commanded the force of marines at the great fire in
Boston, in November, 1872, and had charge of the re-
moval of the treasure from the Sub-Treasury to the
Custom-House, which was speedily and successfully
accomplished, in spite of the circumstances, without the
slightest accident or loss.
After a short term at head-quarters, upon leaving the
Boston Station, Captain Collum was made fleet marine-
officer of the Asiatic Station and judge-advocate of the
fleet, by special appointment of the Navy Department.
He was attached to the flag-ship " Tennessee" from June,
1875, to Juh-, 1878. From August, 1878, to November,
1 88 1, member of the Board of Inspection. From 1881
to 1885, attached to the Marine Barracks at League
Island.
In April, 1885, Captain Collum took part in the ex-
pedition to Panama. On the night of the withdrawal of
the U. S. forces from the city and the occupation of the
original lines, representations were made to the com-
manding officers that the insurgents were much excited ;
that drunkenness prevailed to an alarming extent, and
that a violation of the armistice was in contemplation.
At ten p.m. Captain Collum was ordered to enter the city
alone, to endeavor to ascertain the truth of the report,
and this most dangerous duty he successfully performed.
Soon after he was commissioned captain and assistant
quartermaster, which duty is performed in Philadelphia.
Captain Collum is the author of "The History of the
U. S. Marine Corps ;" and the articles " Dai Nippon ;"
" The First Englishman in Japan ;" " Notes on Duties in
Camp and Garrison, Transportation of Troops by Rail,
and Aid to Civil Powers ;" and " Notes on Topography
of Isthmus of Panama." He has also lectured on the
"Heathen Chinee;" "An Historical Sketch of Small-
Arms ;" " The Story of a Great Crime," — delivered before
the PTnited Service Club; "The American Marines
during the War of the Revolution" — before the His-
torical Society ; and " The Aborigines of North America
and their Relation to Japan," — before the Numismatic
and Antiquarian Society of Pennsylvania.
96
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL CYRUS B. COMSTOCK,
U.S.A.
Brevet Major-General Cyrus B. Comstock was
born in Massachusetts ; appointed to Military Academy,
from Massachusetts July i, 1 85 1, and graduated June,
(855, and on graduation was appointed brevet second
lieutenant U. S. Engineers; served as assistant engineer
in construction of Fort Taylor, Key West Harbor,
Florida, 1855-56; in building Fort Carroll, Patapsco
River, Maryland, 1856-59; promoted second lieutenant
of Engineers April 1, 1855. In 1859 he was superin-
tending engineer in construction of Fort Carroll ; assist-
ant professor of natural and experimental philosophy
September 9, 1859, to July 27, 1861 ; July I, i860, was
promoted fust lieutenant of Engineers, and assistant
engineer in the construction of the defences of Washing-
ton, D. C, August, [861, to March, 1862; assistant to chief
engineer of the Army of the Potomac March to June,
1862; senior engineer on staff of General Sumner; June-
July, 1S62, served in Virginia Peninsula campaign, being
engaged in reconnoissance before and at siege of York-
town; May to August, 1862, was senior engineer of
defence works, making reconnoissance, and in various
engineer operations on the advance towards Richmond
and change of base towards James River; served in
Maryland campaign ( Army of the Potomac) September to
November, being engaged in the battle of South Moun-
tain September 14, 1862; took part in battle of Antietam
September 17, 1862 ; was chief engineer, Army of the Po-
tomac, from November 21, 1862, to March, 1863, and
served in the Rappahannock' campaign, taking part in the
battles of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville ; March 3,
[863, he was promoted to captain of Engineers; served
in the Department of Tennessee, and engaged in the siege
of Vicksburg, June to July, 1863, for gallant and meri-
torious services in which battle he was brevetted major,
U. S. Army; assistant inspector-general of the Military
Division of Mississippi from November, 1863, to March,
1864; from that time he served as aide-de-camp on the
staff of General Grant, with rank of lieutenant-colonel,
until July, 1866; took part in the battle of the Wilderness
Ma)' 5 and 6, 1864, and for gallant and meritorious ser-
vices performed was brevetted lieutenant-colonel ; served
at the battle of Spottsylvania May 12, 1864; battle of
Cold Harbor June 3, 1864; assault of Petersburg June
16 and 18, 1S64, and of the Mine July 3, 1864, and the
assault and capture of Fort Harrison September 29, 1864.
He was chief engineer of expedition to Cape Fear River,
North Carolina, in January, 1865, and was engaged at
the assault and capture of Font Fisher June 15, 1865.
He was made brevet colonel, U. S. Army, and brevet
brigadier-general, U. S. Volunteers, for gallant and meri-
torious services performed at capture of Fort Fisher;
was senior officer on staff of General Canby in the Mobile
campaign, taking part in the siege of Spanish Fort, March
2~ to April 8, 1865, and storming of Blakely April 9,
1865. He was brevetted brigadier-general, U. S. Army,
March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services in
the Mobile campaign, and bncvetted major-general, U. S.
Volunteers, March 26, for faithful and meritorious services
during the campaign against the city of Mobile and its
defences. December 28, 1865, was promoted to major
of Engineers; served as aide-de-camp, with rank of colo-
nel, to general-in-chief, at Washington, from July 26 to
May 3, 1870; was superintending engineer of Geodetic
Survey of the North and Northwestern Lakes, May 20
to Jul)-, 1874; January, 1874, to June, 1877, and June,
187S, until completion in 1882. In Jul)-, [874, he was
sent to Europe to examine the improvement of deltas of
great rivers. Commencing in April, 1875, he was for
two years superintending engineer to examine the prog-
ress of Ead's jetties at the mouth of the Mississippi •
July 17, 1881, was made lieutenant-colonel of Engineers.
General Comstock, since 1871, has served as a member
of the Engineer Board, and on Board on bridging the
channels between Lake Huron and Lake Erie ; on im-
provement of Buffalo harbor ; improvement of mouth
of Mississippi ; on Cleveland Breakwater ; of Board of
Engineers for Fortifications, and River and Harbor Im-
provements. Since 1 886 he has had charge of Fort at
Willett's Point, commanded Engineer Battalion, in charge
of Engineer School of Application atWillet's Point; was
superintending engineer of repairs of Font Schuyler May,
[886, to April, 1N87. In 1888 he was detailed as divi-
sion engineer for inspecting the engineer works in the
Southeastern Tei'ritoiy of the U. S. He was made colo-
nel of Engineens April 7, 1888. General Comstock is a
member of the National Academy of Sciences, and author
of " Report on Primary Triangulation."
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
97
CAPTAIN JOHN CONLINE, U.S.A. (retired).
Captain John Conline was bom at Rutland, Vermont,
January i, 1846, and entered the volunteer service at the
breaking out of the war of the Rebellion as a private of
Company E, First Vermont Infantry, May 2, 1861, from
which he was discharged August 15, 1861. On Septem-
ber 5, 1 86 1, he again entered the service as a private of
Company E, Fourth Vermont Infantry, and participated
in the various operations of the Army of the Potomac,
being engaged in the battle of Big Bethel, Virginia, June
10, 1 861 ; siege of Yorktown, Virginia, from April 5 to
May 4, 1862; action at Lee's Mills, Virginia; battle of
Williamsburg, Virginia ; action of Garnett's Hill, or Gold-
ing's Farm, Virginia ; battles of Savage Station, White-
Oak Swamp, Malvern Hill, South Mountain, Antietam,
Fredericksburg, Marye's Heights, action at Salem Heights
and battle of Salem Church, and action at Franklin's
Crossing. He was one of twenty volunteers who went
across the Rappahannock River in the first boat, under
fire, before the bridge was completed, in the last action
mentioned, June 5, 1863; and subsequently participated
in the battles of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, July 1-3, and
Funkstown Bridge, Maryland, July 10, 1863.
He accompanied the Vermont troops sent in August,
1863, to preserve order in the city of New York, where
he was appointed a cadet at the U. S. Military Academy
by President Lincoln, on the recommendation of the
Secretary of War, for gallant and exemplary conduct as
a private soldier in the Sixth Corps, Army of the Poto-
mac.
Graduating June 15, 1870, he was appointed a sec-
ond lieutenant of the Ninth Cavalry. On returning
to duty from his graduating leave, he was on frontier
duty at Forts Stockton, McKavett, and Concho, Texas,
to August 23, 1874, when he was appointed engineer-
officer of the second column of the Indian Territory ex-
pedition, remaining as such to November 27, 1874, and
on temporary duty at Head-quarters Department of
Texas to February 1, 1875.
After serving in Texas and Colorado to April 3, 1877,
at Forts Clark and Garland, and having in the mean time
been promoted first lieutenant of the Ninth Cavalry, Jan-
uary 27, 1876, he was placed in charge of the expedition
to preserve order among Southern Utes at Parrott City,
Colorado, to November, 1876, and at Los Pinos Agency,
Uncompagre Utes, for a similar purpose from April 3 to
June 16, 1877.
Lieutenant Conline was then stationed at Fort Bayard,
New Mexico, to October 10, 1877, when he was granted
a sick-leave of absence to August 20, 1S78, and was then
stationed successively at Fort Selden, Ojo Caliente, and
Fort Union, New Mexico, performing various staff duties
at each. Being transferred to Troop A, Ninth Cavalry,
'3
July 2^,, 1879, he was placed in command of it at Fort
Stanton, and was in the field on Indian expeditions two
hundred and seventy days in one year. He also com-
manded A and G Troops on scouting expeditions during
part of 1880, and, with Company C, Fifteenth Infantry
added to his command, he had charge of three hundred
and eighty-four Indians at South Fork, New Mexico, in
1 880.
The lieutenant was in an engagement with hostile
Indians in Alamo Canon, Sacramento Mountains, New
Mexico, Sunday, February 2S, 1880; he captured and
burned their camp, all equipage and provisions, and
captured all their stock, — twenty-one horses and mules.
He was also in the engagement with Victorio's band of
hostile Indians, in Mimbrillo Canon, San Andreas Moun-
tains, on the afternoon of April 5, 1880, which lasted two
hours, the Indians being defeated. After the campaign
was ended he went on sick-leave of absence, May 1, 1881,
by authority of the Secretary of War, and remained until
July, 1885, when he rejoined at Fort Robinson, Nebraska,
serving there to June 17, 1887.
He was promoted captain of Troop C February 11,
1887, and, after a three months' leave of absence, joined
his troop at Fort Robinson, Nebraska, from which sta-
tion he was changed to Fort Du Chesne, June 5, 1888,
marching six hundred and fifty-six miles, from which
post he was retired, for disability in the line of duty,
February 25, 1891.
Captain Conline was recommended for the brevet of
major, for gallantry in action with hostile Indians, April
7, 1880, during the Victorio war. He has also received
numerous letters and orders of commendation from his
superior officers for ability and gallant conduct in en-
gagements with hostile Indians. The captain's present
residence is Detroit, Michigan.
98
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN CASPER HAUZF.R CONRAD. U.S.A.
Captain Casper Hauzer Conrad (Fifteenth Infantry)
was born near the city of Kingston, Ulster County, New-
York, March 30, [844. I le enlisted in the One Hundred
and Twentieth New York Volunteers August 18, 1862,
and participated in all the battles and marches of the
Army of the Potomac from November, 1862, up to the
battle of Gettysburg. He was slightly disabled at the
battle of Fredericksburg, Virginia, and while on the
march to Gettysburg was sun-struck and sent to Fair-
fax Seminar)' Hospital; there he was found unlit for
field-service and was transferred to the Veteran Re-
serve Corps. He was nearly two years recovering from
disability.
When, during the battle of Chancellorsville, " a cor-
poral of his regiment was severely wounded and would
have been left on the field, he comprehended the situation,
ami, amid a storm of bullets, caught a riderless horse,
threw the wounded man over the saddle, and succeeded
in carrying him beyond range of the enemy." In April,
1S64, he was detailed as clerk on duty at the head-
quarters of the district department of Washington, in
connection with the provost-marshal's office. In June,
1S65, he was detailed for duty at the office of the Fxec-
utive Mansion, and while there was discharged June 19,
iS65,and appointed executive clerk to President John-
son, remaining in that position until April 13, 1867, when
he was commissioned first lieutenant in the Thirty-fifth
L". S. Infantry. He reported for duty with Company I,
fuly [867, and commanded the company till April, 1869.
He was then stationed at different posts in Texas.
At the consolidation of the Thirty-fifth and Fifteenth
Regiments he became first lieutenant of the latter regi-
ment, and marched with it to New Mexico, arriving
September, iS'hj. He was stationed at Fort Stanton
in command of company, and also as acting assistant
quartermaster and acting commissary sergeant till Feb-
ruary, 1871, when he was ordered on recruiting service;
then stationed at Dayton, Marietta, Ohio, and Newport
Barracks, Kentucky, where he remained as depot quar-
termaster, acting commissar\- sergeant and adjutant till
April, 1873, when he was ordered to his regiment. From
the time of rejoining until he received his captaincy in
January, 1875, he was on duty as acting assistant quar-
termaster and acting commissary sergeant at different
posts in New Mexico, lie was promoted to Company
C, and stationed with it at different posts in New
Mexico until the regiment was ordered to Colorado, at
which time he was absent on sick-leave.
While in command of Company C at Mescularo Indian
Agency, New Mexico, in December, 1 SSo, the regimental
commander issued General ( )rder, No. 13, complimenting
Captain Conrad and his command for gallant and sol-
dierly conduct in an engagement with hostile Indians
December 2, I 880.
In November, 1882, he was ordered to Fort Randall,
South Dakota, where he remained for nearly nine years,
having been stationed with his company for one month
in 1887 at Fort Sully, guarding the post during inter-
change of regiments. Captain Conrad commanded Fort
Randall at different times, ranging from a month to nine
months at a time, and was sent also at different times as
special inspector of Indian agencies and distribution of
annuity goods. He left Fort Randall for Fort Sheridan,
Illinois, in May, 1891.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
99
CAPTAIN AUGUSTUS P. COOKE, U.S.N.
Captain Augustus P. Cooke was born in Coopers-
town, New York, February 10, 1836; appointed to
the Naval Academy in 1852, and graduated in 1856.
During his first sea-service, in the Home Squadron, he
participated in the capture of Walker, the filibuster, at
Greytown, Nicaragua. In 1859 he received his warrant
as passed midshipman, and made a cruise on the coast
of Africa, in the "San Jacinto," assisting in the capture
oi several slavers. He was commissioned lieutenant in
i860. When the Rebellion occurred, the ship, then under
the command of Captain Wilkes, returned to the United
States, capturing, on the way, the rebel commissioners,
Mason and Slidell.
In January, 1862, as executive-officer of the " Pinola,"
captured the blockade-runner " Cora," and then the
" Pinola" proceeded to join Farragut's squadron. Lieu-
tenant Cooke was several times under fire in the " Pinola"
while that vessel was assisting in breaking the chain bar-
riers which obstructed the Mississippi, and was present
at the bombardment and passage of Forts Jackson and
St. Philip, the destruction of the rebel flotilla, and the
capture of New Orleans. He was also present at the
first bombardment of Vicksburg; the passage of the
batteries there, and the engagement with the rebel ram
" Arkansas."
In August, 1862, he was made lieutenant-commander,
and ordered to command a vessel in Buchanan's flotilla,
to operate, in conjunction with the army, in the Bayou
Teche. In January, 1863, he went up the Teche, sup-
porting General Weitzel's brigade, and assisted in the
destruction of the enemy's gun-boat " Cotton." Here
Lieutenant-Commander Buchanan was killed, and the
command of the flotilla devolved upon Lieutenant-Com-
mander Cooke.
During the Red River expedition, in 1863, he crossed
troops over Berwick Bay and transported General Gra-
ver's division through Grand Lake and landed it at
Indian Bend, under fire, without accident. Next morn-
ing, at daylight, the flotilla under Cooke was attacked by
the " Queen of the West" and another gun-boat armed
with rifled cannon, and with sharp-shooters behind cot-
ton-bales. Cooke very promptly went to meet them, and
his shells soon set fire to the cotton-bales of the " Queen
of the West," which was soon in flames, with her people-
leaping overboard to escape death from fire. Her con-
sort, seeing this, turned, and, having superior speed and
lighter draft than Cooke's vessels, escaped. The officers
and ninety men of the "Queen of the West" were
picked up. About twenty were lost. There were no
casualties in the flotilla.
His next operation was the capture of Butte a la Rose,
on the Atchafalaya, driving off the supporting gun-boat,
and taking the garrison, with a large quantity of stores
and ammunition, clearing the Atchafalaya from the Gulf
to the Red River ; and by this route he proceeded to
join Admiral Farragut, then at the mouth of Red River.
General Banks made special acknowledgment to Lieu-
tenant-Commander Cooke for his success in these opera-
tions.
His next service was in the Red River, with Porter's
il. el ; followed, in the winter of 1863-64, by blockading
Matagorda Bay and the coast of Texas.
In July, 1S64, he was detached from duty in the Gulf,
and ordered to the Naval Academy ; serving in the prac-
tice ships " Marion" and "Savannah." In May, 1867, he
was ordered as navigator of the steam-frigate " Frank-
lin," Captain Pennock, which went to Europe as Admiral
Farragut's flag-ship. This was a remarkable and inter-
esting cruise, from the attentions shown the admiral in
every country he visited, especially in Russia and Sweden.
In October, 1S68, he was detached from the " Franklin,"
and ordered as executive-officer of the " Ticonderoga,"
on the same station. Upon his return home he was, in
1869, appointed head of the department of ordnance at
the Naval Academy, and published a text-book on gun-
nery, long used by the cadets.
Lieutenant-Commander Cooke was commissioned com-
mander in 1870. Served at the Torpedo Station and
in command of torpedo-boat " Intrepid," and afterwards
the " Alarm." Later he commanded the steamer " Swa-
tara." He was made captain in 1881, while stationed at
Mare Island, California, and commanded the " Lacka-
wanna," on the Pacific Station, in 1884-85. He next
served at the navy-yard, Brooklyn, in command of the
" Vermont," and afterwards as captain of the yard. In
188S he took command of the " Franklin," at Norfolk.
In 1890 he was relieved and ordered to New York as
President of the Board of Inspection of Merchant
Vessels.
L0F&
1 00
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
COMMANDER PHILIP H. COOPER. U.S.N.
Commander Philip II. Cooper is a native of New
York, and was appointed to the Naval Academy from
that State in September, i860. The exigencies of the
service at that period caused him to be sent forth
from the Academy with his class, and with the rank of
ensign, May 28, 1863. He saw war service at once,
being attached to the steam-sloop " Richmond," of the
West Gulf Blockading Squadron, up to 1865. He then
served under the successive commands of Admirals
Farragut and Thatcher, and participated in all the opera-
tions connected with the battle of Mobile Bay, August 5,
1S64; the reduction of the forts at the entrance, and,
later, the defences of the city of Mobile.
He was promoted to master November, 1865 ; made
a cruise in the " Powhatan," South Pacific Squadron,
1865-67; during the cruise was commissioned as lieu-
tenant November 10, 1866; served at the Naval Academy
1867-69 ; commissioned as lieutenant-commander March
12, 1 868; made a special cruise in the frigate " Sabine"
in 1869; served in the T. and N. surveying expedition in
1S70-71 ; was then again stationed at the Naval Academy
from 1872 to 1874; ordered to the Torpedo Station
during 1875, ar,d was then stationed at the Experimental
Batteryat Annapolis through 1876. During 1877-79116
was on duty at the Coast Survey Office. He was pro-
moted to commander November, 1879, and was upon
special navigation duty up to 1 SS t .
Since then Commander Cooper's service has been in
the regular order of detail by the Navy Department,
including two periods of command of a vessel on the
Asiatic Station.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
101
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL HENRY CLARK CORBIN,
U.S.A.
Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Clark Cokbin (Adju-
tant-General's Department) was born September 15,
1842, in Monroe Township, Clermont County, Ohio.
1 1 is father's name was Shadrach Corbin, and his mother's
Mary Ann. His father was of English descent. His
parents were born in Ohio, and grandparents and great-
grandparents were born in the State of Virginia, where
man_\- of the descendants yet reside. He attended the
common schools of the neighborhood until fourteen years
of age, when he entered Parker's Academy, situated in
the southern part of the count}- of his birth. In i860
young Corbin taught district school near Olive Branch,
Ohio, and the following year at Newtown, Hamilton
County, Ohio. In the mean time he studied law under the
direction of Hon. Philip B. Swing, of Batavia. In response
to President Lincoln's second call for volunteers, he entered
the service in the Eighty-third Ohio Infantry. In July,
1S62, he was transferred to the Seventy-ninth Ohio as
a second lieutenant, and went with the regiment on its
march and campaigns through Kentucky, serving with it
until the 13th of November, 1803, mi which day he re-
signed, to enable him to accept the appointment oi major
in the Fourteenth U. S. Colored Infantry, which regiment
he joined at Gallatin, Tennessee, the following day, and
assisted in its organization. On the 4th of March, 1864,
he was promoted lieutenant-colonel of the same regiment,
and on the 23d of September was raised to the rank of
colonel. Six months later he was brcvetted brigadier-
general. Colonel Corbin participated with the regiment
in all its marches, campaigns, and engagements, and was
engaged in the battles of Pulaski, Decatur, and Nashville.
He was made major by brevet for gallant and meritorious
services in action at Decatur, Alabama, and lieutenant-
colonel by brevet for similar services in the battle ol
Nashville, Tennessee. He was the first man in the State
of Ohio to receive and accept a field-officer's position in
a colored regiment. He was mustered out ot the volun-
teer service March 26, 1866, and was appointed a second
lieutenant in the Seventeenth U. S. Infantry, which regi-
ment he joined at Fort Gratiot, Michigan, while the
Fenian troubles were being settled. In September of the
same year he went to Independence, Missouri, and par-
ticipated in settling the troubles incident to enforcing the
registration law in that State. After this he was ordered
to Texas. In the mean time he had been appointed and
confirmed as a captain of the Thirty-eighth Infantry,
about to be organized at Jefferson Barracks, Missouri,
to which station he immediately repaired, and until May
of 1867 he was engaged in its organization. The latter
part of May he joined his company at Fort Hays, Kan-
sas. The command was there subjected to the cholera
scourge, Colonel Corbin losing twenty per cent, of his
company by the malady. During all the summer of 1867
he was engaged in guarding the overland stage, earning
the United States mail, from attacks of hostile Indians.
Alter the Indian troubles in the Smoky Hill country were
settled, he went, in command of a detachment of his regi-
ment, across the plain over the old Santa Fe trail, and
took station at Fort Craig, New Mexico, where he was
engaged in scouting, and protecting the citizens from a
roving band of hostile Apaches. In the spring of 1868
he marched with his company to Fort Bayard, New
Mexico, and there engaged in like service until October,
1869, when he was given command of his regiment and
ordered to march to Fort Davis, Texas, where it was
consolidated with the Forty-first Infantry, and thereafter
was known as the Twenty-fourth U. S. Infantry. He
then served at several posts in that State, and commanded
Ringgold Barracks until the autumn of 1876, when he was
detailed on recruiting service, and ordered to Columbus
Barracks, Ohio. On the 2d of March, 1877,011 invitation
of President-elect Hayes, he accompanied him to Wash-
ington. After his inauguration he was detailed for duty at
the Executive Mansion. In August of that year he was
appointed secretary of what was known as the Sitting Bull
Commission, which was appointed to treat with the hostile
Sioux Indians, then refugees in the British Dominion. Re-
turning, he resumed duty in the city of Washington, where
he remained until his appointment as assistant adjutant-
general on the 1 6th of June, 1880. September, i88i,was
ordered to the Department of the South, and in Septem-
ber, 1883, he was transferred to the Division of the Mis-
souri, where he remained to 1891 , and then changed to the
Department of Arizona. During the celebration at York-
town Colonel Corbin was made secretary of the Joint Con-
gressional Committee, and by that committee made master
of ceremonies. He was with General Garfield when he
was assassinated, and was present at his death.
102
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
COMMANDER CHARLES STANHOPE COTTON, U.S.N.
Commander Cotton was born at Milwaukee, Wiscon-
sin, February 15, 1S43, and appointed acting midship-
man, at the Naval Academy, from that State, September,
1858. The crisis of 1 86 1 advanced the older midship-
men very rapidly, and in May of that year Commander
Cotton was ordered to the frigate "St. Lawrence," which
captured the privateer " Petrel" a few days afterwards,
and he was sent to Philadelphia on duty in connection
with the trial of the prisoners captured on that occasion.
Then he served on board the frigate "Minnesota," flag-
ship, and, as a midshipman, commanded the quarter-
deck battery, comprising eight VI II inch guns during
the Monitor-Merrimac action.
Commander Cotton was promoted to ensign November
1 1 , 1N62, and was attached to the steam -sloop "Iroquois,"
off Wilmington, North Carolina, and to the steam-sloop
"Oneida," of the West Gulf Blockading Squadron, with a
few weeks' service on the " I lartford" and " Kineo," up to
August, 1865. He was promoted lieutenant February
22, 1864, six years after his appointment as acting mid-
shipman.
He served on board the "Oneida" during the bat-
tle of Mobile Bay, and the subsequent operations, up
to the surrender of Fort Morgan. From November,
1S65, to May, [869, he was attached to the steam-sloop
"Shenandoah" during a most interesting cruise which
embraced South America, Africa, India, and China. For
eight months of this cruise he was navigator as well
as watch-officer, lie was promoted to lieutenant-com-
mander July, 1866, was on duty at the Naval Academy
and at the Kittery Navy- Yard up to 1S71. In April of
that year he joined the frigate "Tennessee," which car-
ried out the San Domingo commissioners, whose object
was to examine into and report upon the contemplated
project of securing the use of Samana Bay for a coaling
station for the United States Navy. For a period after
this service he was attached to the "Ticonderoga" as
executive-officer, on the Brazil Station. Afterwards on
duty at Kittery Navy-Yard, and under torpedo instruc-
tion at Newport, up to September, 1S76. He was then
stationed at Norfolk, Virginia, as the executive-officer of
the "Worcester," and from October, 1876, to July, 1880,
was attached to the New York Navy- Yard.
Promoted commander April 25, 1877, commanding
" Monocacy," Asiatic Station, from September, 18S0, to
September, 1 S S 3 , except during June and July, I SS I ,
when he commanded the "Alert" on the same station.
The "Monocacy" made several interesting visits to
Corea, skirting the whole coast and entering several
ports for the purpose of showing our flag and cultiva-
ting cordial relations. At one time the " Monocacy"
was (summer of 1 882) the only foreign ship-of-war present
in Corean waters, during a crisis in the strained relations
between Corea, Japan, and China. Her commander
managed to maintain cordial relations and intercourse
with the representatives of all three countries, and, as a
mark' of confidence and of esteem for the United States,
he was furnished with a copy of the treat}- between the
three powers within an hour of its receipt from Seoul
by the representative of one of them.
In the spring of 1883 Commander Cotton conveyed
to Corea our minister, Mr. L. II. Foote, and the mem-
bers of the legation, and accompanied them to Seoul,
the capital, where ratifications of the treaty between
Corea1 and the United States were formally exchanged,
and the foreign delegation was received in state by the
king. This was the first occasion upon which foreign-
ers were presented to or received by his Majesty. The
party were also entertained at a state dinner by the
Minister of Foreign Affairs, — the first ever given by the
Coreans in foreign style, with imported china, glass, and
wines, and with the use of table-cloth, napkins, knives
and folks, and so forth. These events will always be
remembered as marking an important era in the inter-
course with that remote country. The "Monocacy" was
the first ship to salute the national flag of Corea, adopted
prior to the ratification of the treat)-. In the summer of
1883 Commander Cotton conveyed from Corea to Japan,
in route to the United States, the first embassy accredited
by Corea to a foreign power other than Asiatic.
These statements are chiefly of interest as marking
the origin of a new era for the " Hermit Kingdom," and
her emergence from the shell of seclusion and isolation,
and entrance into the great brotherhood of nations.
Commander Cotton has since been inspector of ordnance,
light-house inspector ; and is at present in command oi
the U. S. S. "Mohican," Pacific Station. Commanded
five vessels in the Bering Sea, summer of 1891.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
103
CAPTAIN DAVID J. CRAIGIE, U.S.A.
Captain David J. Craigie (Twelfth Infantry) was
born at Broomieside, Fifeshire, Scotland, December 6,
1840. Entered volunteer service from Oskaloosa, Ma-
haska County, Iowa, as first lieutenant Company II,
Eighth Iowa Infantry, September 12, 186 1. Honorably
mustered out volunteer regiment and appointed captain
and assistant adjutant-general July, [864. Served in the
field, etc., on the staff of Generals Curtis, Davies, Mit-
chell, and others until close of war of the Rebellion; was
honorably mustered out of service September, 1S65.
Volunteer service : Participated in the Springfield,
Missouri, campaign, fall of 1861, under Generals McKin-
stry and Steele: thence to Pittsburgh Landing, Tennes-
see River, March, 1862; with regiment battle of Shiloh,
Tennessee, 6th and 7th of April, 1S62, commanding com-
pany ; severely wounded, captured by enemy. Lay on
battle field until evening of the 7th April ; rejoined regi-
ment August same year near Corinth, Mississippi; was
appointed aide-de-camp on the staff of Brigadier-General
Thomas A. Davies, commanding second division Army
of the Tennessee. Participated in the campaign battles
and skirmishes at and near Corinth and Iuka, Missis-
sippi, fall of 1862, and in pursuit of enemy after battle of
Corinth, 3d and 4th of October, 1S62. Thence to Col-
umbus, Kentucky, and Rolla, Missouri, on staff-duty
until January, 1864, and March, 1S65 ; serving at Fort
Leavenworth, Kansas, at the close of the war and there
mustered out.
Commissioned second lieutenant Twelfth Infantry U. S.
Army May, 1866. Appointed adjutant first battalion
ami regimental adjutant September ami December, same
year. Served in Washington, D. C, with regiment until
April, 1 869, a portion of the time as assistant to Adjutant-
General Garrison, of Washington; thence to Pacific coast
with regiment, serving on that coast at several stations in
California, Nevada, and Arizona until June, 1879, when
ordered to Washington, D. C. ; assistant to Colonel R. N.
Scott in preparation of Rebellion records of 1861-65,
until March, 1 88 1 ; rejoined company in Arizona April,
1 88 1. Thence to Plattsburg and Madison Barracks,
New York, till 1887, when regiment moved to Dakota
Station, Fort Yates, North Dakota. Commanded com-
pany on Sitting Bull Sioux campaign winter of 1890-91 ;
ordered to Fort Leavenworth with company March, 1891.
Promotion in regular army: First lieutenant, October,
1867; captain, December 16, 18S0.
Brevet rank : First lieutenant II. S. Army for gallant
and meritorious services in the battle of Shiloh, Tennes-
see, 6th and 7th April, 1862. Captain for gallant and
meritorious services in the battle of Iuka, Mississippi,
September, 1862.
Honorable mention : In records of the Rebellion in
reports on battle of Shiloh, Tennessee, Volume X., bat-
tles ol Iuka and Corinth, and in field- orders of division
department and battalion commander, Sitting Pull Sioux
campaign North and South Dakota, winter of 1890-91,
Port Yates battalion.
Staff-service in volunteers: Aide-de-camp from Sep-
tember, 1S62, to Jul)T, 1S64 ; assistant adjutant- general
July, [864, to September, 1865.
Staff appointments and staff services, etc., in the LT. S.
Army: Adjutant First Battalion and regimental adjutant
September and December 1, 1866, to November, 1869;
regimental quartermaster March 1, 1 871, to January 31,
1876; depot quartermaster and commanding Yuma
quartermaster depot, Arizona, June, 1870, to August,
1 87 1 , and from November, 1S7S, to April, 1879; com-
manding post, Fort Ilalleck, Nevada, June to October,
1877 ; commanding company and post, Whipple Banks,
Arizona, April, 1879, to June, 1879; thence to Washing-
ton, D. C, War Department Rebellion records, to April,
1 88 1 ; rejoined company same month. Fort Grant, Arizona.
Patties, skirmishes, etc., in which engaged : Skirmish
crossing Osage River, Missouri, October, i86i,and near
Springfield, Missouri, November, 186 1 ; skirmish again
near Sedalia, Missouri, November, 1861 ; battle of
Shiloh, April 6 and 7, 1862 , skirmish near Danville, Mis-
sissippi, September, 1862; battle of Iuka, Mississippi,
September, 1862 ; skirmish again near Rienzi, Mississippi,
same month, 1862 ; battle of Corinth, Mississippi, 3d and
4th October, 1862; skirmish near Davis's Mills, Hatchee
River, Mississippi, October, 1862; again near "Bone
Yard," Mississippi, October, 1862; skirmish near Bul-
lock's Farm, Kentucky, December, 1862; again near
same place, January, 1S63; skirmish with bushwhackers
at James's Mills, near Rolla, Missouri, August, 1863 ;
skirmish near Weston, Missouri, October, 1864; again
near Blue River, Kansas, November, 1864.
104
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
CoMMANDHR T. A. M. CRAVEN, U.S.N, (deceased).
Commander Tunis Augustus Macdonough Craven
was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, and perished
in the iron-clad " Tecumseh," of which vessel he was in
command, and which was sunk by a torpedo during the
passage of Farragut's fleet into Mobile Bay, on the 5th
of August, 18(14. He was appointed midshipman from
New York in 1829; became a lieutenant in 1S41; and
commander in April, 1861. At the time of his death he
had seen twenty years of naval sea-service, beside eight
years on the coast survey, and was a most excellent and
reliable, as well as a gallant officer.
At the outbreak of the Civil War he was in command
of the steamer " Mohawk," in the Home Squadron ; from
which vessel he was transferred to the command of the
steam-sloop " Tuscarora ;" and in 1864, to the command
of the monitor " Tecumseh," employed in the James
River against Howletts' and other batteries, and the Con-
federate iron-clads from Richmond. He sunk in the
main channel, at Trent's Reach, four hulks filled with
'-tciie, and completed other obstructions there.
He was afterwards ordered down to Farragut, in the
Gulf, and by great exertion got there in time. When the
fleet went in, under the fire of Fort Morgan, and at a
critical moment, the " Tecumseh" was struck by a tor-
pedo, ami almost instantly went down. The " Brooklyn"
stopped her engines, but Farragut ordered her to proceed
in line, and hailed Jouett, in the " Metacomet," to drop a
boat and save the few people seen struggling in the
water. Acting Ensign Nields went in the boat and the
fleet passed on. Within three hundred yards of the great
fort, amidst pouring shot and shell, he picked up the sur-
vivors. One of the " Tecumseh's" boats, which floated,
saved seven ; and four swam on shore and were made
prisoners.
Acting Masters Cottiell and Langley, who were among
the saved, reported that, when the torpedo exploded, and
blew a large hole in the bottom, and the vessel being
instantly in a sinking condition, the order was passed to
leave quarters and all to save themselves, if they could.
" Commander Craven was in the pilot-house when the
torpedo exploded, but his chivalric spirit caused him to
lose his life. We know from the reports of the officers
saved that he insisted on the pilots taking precedence
in descending the ladder. They both reached the turret,
but as the pilot passed through the port-hole the vessel
keeled over and went down, taking with her as gallant
an officer as there was in the American navy. One
moment more and his life would have been saved
to adorn the list of officers of which he was so bright a
member. No more chivalrous event occurred during
the four years' conflict. The example shown by Craven
should be chronicled in every story of the war."
WHO SERVED IN THE CI VIE WAR.
105
MAJOR-GENERAL GEORGE CROOK, U.S.A.
(deceased).
Major-General George Crook was born in Ohio,
and graduated at the Military Academy in the Class
of 1852. He was promoted brevet second lieutenant
of the Fourth Infantry, and was in garrison at Fort
Columbus, New York, until his regiment sailed for
California, when he accompanied it, and was stationed at
Benicia, Humboldt, and Jones until 1857, participating in
the escort of Topographical Party, 1S55 ; Rogue River
Expedition, 1856; and in command of Pitt River Expe-
dition, 1857, being engaged in a skirmish, where he was
wounded with an arrow. From FortTerwaw he marched
to Vancouver in 1858, and participated in the Yakima
Expedition of that year.
He was promoted second lieutenant Fourth Infantry
July 7, 1853; first lieutenant March ti, iS_:;6,and captain
May 14, 1861. Returning from the Pacific coast in 1861,
he was appointed colonel of the Thirty-sixth Ohio In-
fantry September 12, 1 86 1 , and participated in the West
Virginia operations in the early part of the war of the
Rebellion, and commanded the Third Provisional Brigade
from May I to August 15, 1S62, participating in the
action of Lewisburg, where he was wounded ; in the
Northern Virginia campaign ; in the Maryland cam-
paign with the Army of the Potomac, being engaged in
the battles of South Mountain and Antietam, 1862. He
was appointed brigadier- general of volunteers Septem-
ber 7, 1862, and continued to operate with his command
in West Virginia until February, 1863, when he was
ordered to the Western army, and was in command of
an independent division at Carthage, Tennessee, until
June of the same year, and subsequently participated in
the Tennessee campaign of the Army of the Cumberland.
He was placed in command of Second Cavalry Divi-
sion Jul)- 1, 1863, and was engaged at Hoover's Gap
Chickamauga ; action at foot of Cumberland Mountains,
McMinnville, and Farmington, and almost daily skir-
mishes.
General Crook was assigned to the command of the
Kanawha District, West Virginia, in February, 1864, and
was engaged in numerous raids and actions until the
following July, when he was assigned to the command of
the troops of the Department of West Virginia, and par-
ticipated in several actions. He was in command of the
Department of West Virginia, and participated in General
Sheridan's Shenandoah campaign of 1864, being engaged
in the action of Berry ville, battles of Opequan and Fisher's
Hill, action of Strasburg, and battle of Cedar Creek. He
was appointed major-general of volunteers October 21,
1864, and was serving with his command in West Vir-
ginia when he was captured at Cumberland, Maryland,
February 21, 1865, Returning to duty, he was placed
in command of the cavalry of the Army of the Potomac
March 26, 1865, and held that command until the sur-
render of Lee, being engaged in the battle of Dinwidclie
Court-House, action of Jetersville, battle of Sailor's
Creek, combat of Farmville, and capitulation of Appo-
mattox Court-House. He was then placed in command
of the District of Wilmington, North Carolina, where he
remained until January 15, 1866, when he was mustered
out of the volunteer service.
General Crook had conferred upon him, for gallant
and meritorious and distinguished services, the following
brevets in the regular army : Major, for Lewisburg,
Virginia; lieutenant-colonel, for Antietam; colonel, for
Farmington ; brigadier-general, for the campaign of 1864
in West Virginia ; major-general, for Fisher's Hill. He
was also brevctted major-general of volunteers for
" gallant and distinguished services in West Virginia."
He became major of the Third U. S. Infantry July 18,
1866, and lieutenant-colonel of the Twenty-third Infantry
July 28, 1866, and was on a Board to Examine Rifle
Tactics at Washington, D. C, and then awaiting orders
until the following November, when he was placed in
command of the District of Boise, Idaho.
He was appointed brigadier-general U. S. A. Octo-
ber 29, 1873, and major-general U. S. A. April 6, 18SS.
He commanded the Department of the Platte on two
different occasions, also the Department of Arizona
and the Military Division of the Missouri, and, while
holding the latter command, died suddenly at Chicago,
Illinois, April 5, i8<jO.
While in command of the Departments of the Platte
and Arizona, General Crook commanded the expe-
dition against Sitting Bull and the hostile Sioux in the
summer of 1876. In 1889 he was one of the commis-
sioners appointed by the President of the United States
to treat with the Indians on the subject of opening their
lands to settlement.
io5
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NA FY {regular)
REAR-ADMIRAL PEIRCF. CROSBY. U.S.N, (retired).
Rear-Admiral Peirce Crosby was born in Delaware
County, Pennsylvania, and appointed midshipman from
that State in June, 1838. Served in the" Ohio," 74, flag-
ship in the Mediterranean ; then in the " Experiment," and
the steamer " Mississippi." I le then went to the Mediter-
ranean again, in the "Congress," was transferred to the
" Preble," and came home, in 1843, to go to the Naval
School at Philadelphia. Passed midshipman in 1844. For
two years he was on the Coast Survey, and then, during
the Mexican War, in the " Decatur," at the attack and
capture of Tuspan and Tabasco, and in the " Petrel" until
the peace. Served in the " Relief " in 1849-50, carry-
ing stores to the Mediterranean and west coast of
Africa.
Commissioned lieutenant in September', 1S5 3, and made
a long cruise on the coast of Brazil, in the " German-
town." He then made another cruise in the Gulf, —
part of the time under Captain Fafragut. While at-
tached to the receiving-ship at Philadelphia, the Civil
War began. Crosby was at once actively employed,
in Chesapeake Bay, keeping open communications, and
cutting off supplies and communications. He was then
ordered to the frigate " Cumberland," and detailed for
duty on shore, at Fortress Monroe. Transported the
troops at Hampton Creek before and after the fight at
Big Bethel. His services in the landing during the at-
tack upon Forts Clarke and Hatteras were remarkable
in the face df bad weather. Lieutenant Crosby's advice
enabled the handful of troops left on the beach, when the
squadron was driven to sea, to make such a show that
their critical condition was not discovered by the enemy.
He was especially mentioned for his conduct on this
occasion. In the winter of 1861 he took command of
the " Pinola," one of the new steam gun-vessels. In
the " Pinola" he joined Admiral Farragut, in the spring
of 1862. On his way he captured a cotton prize,
and sent her north. He commanded the " Pinola" on
the memorable night when she co-operated with the
" Jtasca" in cutting the chain barrier of the Mississippi.
The " Itasca" slipped the end of the cable on the oppo-
site shore from Fort Jackson, but in doing so ran hard
aground. By Crosby's exertions she was rescued from
this position before daylight. The " Pinola" had to blow
up the vessels holding the chains, directly under the
guns of the fort. Three different attempts were made,
under fire of the fort, but each time something went
wrong with the wires. At last Lieutenant Crosby found
that a way was opened, sufficient for the fleet to pass,
and so reported. Lieutenant Crosby was engaged at
the passage of the forts, the Chalmette batteries, and
the capture of New ( hicans. He was also at the pas-
sage and repassage of the batteries at Vicksburg, and
the engagement with the "Arkansas." In the fall of
1862, he was ordered north to command the iron-clad
"Sangamon." Promoted commander September, 1862.
He was soon detached from " Sangamon" and made
fleet- captain, North Atlantic Squadron, under Admiral
Lee. Commanded an expedition up the York River,
co-operating with General Dix.
In command of the "Florida," in the winter of 1863,
destroyed two blockade-runners, at Masonborough Inlet,
under the fire of the shore batteries. In 1 864 commanded
the " Keystone State," and captured five blockade-run-
ners, lie was then ordered to the " Muscoota," but
soon detached and ordered to command " Metacomet."
Blockaded Galveston in her, and was in command of
her at the battle of Mobile Bay. Planned and directed
the construction of torpedo-nets, and spread them in the
Blakely River, removed one hundred and forty torpedoes,
and cleared the way for the squadron to pass safely
up to Mobile. He then occupied forts " Huger" and
" Tracy" on the night the rebel forces evacuated. Espe-
cially commended in the official report of Admiral That-
cher. In September, 1865, he was ordered to command
the " Shamokin," on the coast of Brazil, where he re-
mained until [868. He was made captain in May of
that year. While in command of " Shamokin," conveyed
Minister Washburn on his mission to Paraguay.
He was commissioned as commodore 1874. Rear-
admiral March, 1882. Commanded South Atlantic
Squadron. Commanded Asiatic Squadron. Retired,
on his own application, 1883.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
107
CAPTAIN WM. H. H. CROWHLL, U.S.A.
Captain Wm. II. H. Crowell (Sixth Infantry) was
born in Ohio, January 25, [841, and at the commence-
ment of the war of the Rebellion entered the volunteer
service as private of Company F, First Ohio Artillery,
April 21, 1 861, and served under General McClellan in
West Virginia, and was engaged in the battles of Phil-
ippi, June 3, 1S61 (which was the first contact of the
hostile forces after the fall of Fort Sumter), and Laurel
Hill, Virginia. He was honorably mustered out July
27, 1 861 , but re entered the volunteer service December
12, 1861, as second lieutenant Fifteenth Ohio Battery,
and served in the Western army during the campaign
of 1862, participating in the battle of the Hatchie
October 7, 1862. He was in the campaign against
Corinth, Mississippi, and under General Grant in his
Mississippi campaign of 1S62.
He resigned December 15, 1862, for the purpose of
recruiting a battery for the Second Ohio Heavy Artil-
lery, and was appointed recruiting officer by the Gov-
ernor of Ohio, with the rank of second lieutenant. He
was promoted to the captaincy of the battery Septem-
ber 9, 1S63, and served with it at Munfordville in the
fall and winter of 1863. He also served with General
Sherman in his East Tennessee campaign, returning to
his command at Knoxville, Tennessee, from the north
in December, 1864. On arriving at Nashville, he found
the enemy in possession of the road and country gener-
ally between Nashville and Murfreesborough, and, being
indefinitely detained and cut off from his command, he
reported, by order of General George H. Thomas, to
General Steadman for duty, and acted under his orders
during the battle of Nashville. He was then stationed at
Athens, Tennessee, where, by order of General Thomas,
he fired one hundred guns in honor of the fall of Rich-
mond.
He commanded Forts Willich and Terrill, at the
crossing of Green River, at Munfordville, Kentucky,
and commanded a battalion of the Second Ohio Heavy
Artillery in 1864-65.
Captain Crowell was mustered out of the volunteer
service on the 21st of August, 1865, but entered the
regular service as second lieutenant of the Seventeenth
Infantry January 22, 1867. He was promoted first lieu-
tenant December 17, 1867, serving with his regiment
until May 27, 1869, when he was placed on the unas-
signed list of officers. While unassigned Captain Cro-
well was engaged in reconstruction duty under General
Canby in Virginia, and General Ames in Mississippi ;
in the former State he was made military commissioner
and superintendent of elections for five counties, and in
Mississippi for two; his duties were to appoint and in-
struct boards of registration in the counties under his
control and recommend for appointment all county offi-
cers, and to conduct and report the result of the election
as directed in orders.
He was assigned to the Sixth Infantry December 15,
1870, and promoted to captain October 31, 1883. He
served with his regiment on frontier duty in the Depart-
ments of the Platte and the Missouri to April, 1889,
having been adjutant of the Sixth Infantry from April
10, 1882, to October 31, 1883. In 1889 he was ordered
to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and assigned to duty as
assistant instructor in infantry tactics, in connection with
the School of Application. Captain Crowell's present
station is Fort Thomas, Kentucky.
io8
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
COLONEL AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL GEORGE
W. CULLUM, U.S.A. (deceased).
(' \i:r. \\d Brevet Major-General George W.
I i i i i m was born in New York, and graduated from
the Military Academy July i, 1833. He was promoted
brevet second lieutenant of the Corps of Engineers the
same day, and served as assistant engineer in the con-
struction o) several government works until April 20,
[836, when he was promoted second lieutenant. He was
captain July 7, 1838, and continued as superintending
engineer in the construction of important works along the
Atlantii coa 1
II was superintending engineer for devising and
constructing sapper, miner, and pontoon trains for our
armies in the war with Mexico, 1847-48; he was de-
tailed on special duty at West Point, New York, pre-
paring lor publication a memoir on military bridges, with
India-rubber pontoons, and construction of Cadet Bar-
rai ks at West Point, New York, [847-48, and at the same
place as instructor in practical military engineering and
commandant of sappers, miners, and pontoniers to July
5. 1850.
Captain Cullum then visited Europe, Asia, Africa, and
the West 1 ni lie, on a sick-leave of absence, [850-52, when
he returned to tin.: Military Academy in his former posi-
tion, retaining it to January 1, 1X55. From that time
until the commencement of the war of the Rebellion,
■ 'lain Cullum was superintending engineer in the con
11 lion of the New- York assay-office, of Fort Sumter,
Castle Pinckney, and fort Moultrie, and other work in
( harleston harbor ; repairs to works at Forts Macon and
1 ■> iwell, North < larolina ; member of hoard to devise the
defem esol Sandy Hook, New Jersey; and superintend
of the 1 onstruction and repair of many other works af
tls Atlantic seaboard.
Captain Cullum was appointed lieutenant-colonel (staff
aide-de-camp to the general-in-chief) April 9, 1861, ami
colonel (staff, in same position) August 6, 1 86 1 . He was
a member of the lTnited States Sanitary Commission from
June 13, [861, to February 24, 1864, ami an associate
member of the Western Sanitary Commission from Jan-
uary 2 to July 1 1, [862.
He was promoted major of Engineers August 6, and
brigadier-general of volunteers November 1, (86r, serv-
ing successively as chief engineer of Military Depart-
ments ami chief of staff to General Ilalleck, while com-
manding the armies and while chief of staff of the army,
to September 5, 1864.
General Cullum was employed during this time in con-
struction of fortifications in the field, organizing defences,
etc., and was chief engineer in the campaign in Tennessee
and Mississippi in 1862, being engaged in the advance
upon and siege of Corinth and in fortifying Corinth until
July 18, 1862, and then employed on man}' other duties
connected with the Engineer Department of the army,
which cannot be enumerated here for want of space, until
the ch isc ( if the war. He was promoted lieutenant-colonel
of the Corps of Engineers March 3, 1863, and brevetted
colonel and brigadier-general March 13, 1865, for " faith-
ful and meritorious services during the Rebellion," and
major-general March 13. 1865, for "faithful, meritorious,
and distinguished services during the war of the Rebel-
lion."
General Cullum was selected as superintendent of the
U. S. Military Academy September 8, 1864, and retained
the position until August 28, 1866. He was mustered
out of the volunteer service September 1, 1866, and was
awaiting orders to the November following, when he was
detailed as .1 member of the Board of Engineers to carry-
out in detail the modifications of the defences in the vicin-
ity of New York, as proposed by the board on January
2J, 1864; and of Board of Engineers for Fortifications
and River and Harbor Obstructions required for the
defence of the Territory of the United States since May
18, [867.
He was promoted colonel of the Corps of Engineers
March 7, 1867.
General Cullum was retired from active service January
13, 1874, and died in 1892.
He was the author of a work on " Military Bridges,
with India-rubber Pontoons," 1X49; of "Register of
Officers and Graduates of the United States Military
Academy," from March 16, 1802 (when established) to
January I, 1X50; translator and editor of Duparcq's
" Elements of Military Art and History," 1863; author
of "Systems of Military Bridges," 1863; of various
military memoirs, reviews, and reports, 1863-67; and of
"Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of
the United States Military Academy," 1891.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
109
BRHVET MAJOR HARRY COOKE GUSHING, U.S.A.
Brevet Major Harry Choice Cushing (captain
Fourth Artillery) was born November 8, 1841, at Balti-
more, Maryland. Went to Providence, Rhode Island, in
1849, and lived there until the breaking out of the war.
Graduated 1S60 at the Providence High School ; under-
graduate of Brown University, which he left to join Bat-
tery A, First Rhode Island Light Artillery. Corporal
and sergeant therein from June 6 to November 5, 1S61,
participating in battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861. Second
lieutenant Fourth Artillery October 24, 1 86 r, command-
ing section in Light Battery F, Fourth Artillery, and en-
gaged in the following actions : Dam No. 5, December
11, 1861; Newtown, Virginia, May 24, 1802; Middle-
town, Virginia, May 24, 1862 ; Winchester, Virginia,
May 25, 1862; Cedar Mountain, Virginia, August 9, 1S62 ;
(brevetted first lieutenant) Freeman's Ford, Virginia,
August 23, 1862; Antietam, Maryland, September 17,
1862. First lieutenant Fourth Artillery September 17,
1862, and ordered to Army of the Cumberland. Com-
manding Light Battery H, Fourth Artillery, ami engaged
at Stewart's Creek, Tennessee, December 29, 1S62;
Stone River, Tennessee, December 31, 1862, to Janu-
ary 2, 1863; Woodbury, Tennessee, January 24, 1863;
Chickamauga, Georgia, September 19-20, 1863 (bre-
vetted captain), and siege of Chattanooga, Tennessee,
October to November, 1863. Ordered, March, 1864, to
Army of the Potomac ; Inspector of Artillery, Cavalry
Corps, Arm_\' of the Potomac, and engaged at Parker's
Store, May 5 ; Wilderness, May 6 ; Todd's Tavern, May 8 ;
Spottsylvania, May 9; Childsburg, May 9; South Anna,
May 10; Yellow Tavern, May 1 1 ; Meadow Bridges, May
12; I Ianover, May 2; ; Hawes' Shop, May 28; Old Church,
May 30; Cold Harbor, June I ; White House, June 20;
St. Mary's Church, June 2^ ; siege of Petersburg, July ;
Smithfield, August 28; (brevetted major) Bunker's Hill,
November 9; and Cedar Springs, November 12, 1864;
with the Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac, and Sheri-
dan's army in the Valley. On general recruiting service
February, 1865, to October, 1866; rejoined regiment
October, 1866, and served therewith continuously since.
Captain Fourth Artillery August 22, 1S71 ; in command
of Batter\- C until November, 1887; since when he has
commanded Light Battery B. Since the war he has
served at various posts in the Division of the Atlantic
and Division of the Pacific, and participated in the fol-
lowing Indian campaigns: Sioux campaign of 1876;
Xez Perce campaign of 1877, and Apache campaign of
1 88 1. During the Nez Perce campaign he was in com-
mand of a separate column of General Howard's army,
and was specially and particularly mentioned by that
officer for the energy and good judgment displayed by
him in executing the duties imposed on him. He is a
graduate of the Artillery School, Class of 1870. Brown
University conferred upon him, June id, 187 1, the degree
of Master of Arts. He is a member of the Military Or-
der of the Loyal Legion.
For services in action during the war he was men-
tioned particularly in the reports of his brigade, division,
corps, and army commanders of Banks's, Pope's, and
Rosecrans's campaigns.
Major Cushing is a direct descendant of Nicholas
Cooke, who was Governor of Rhode Island during the
! Revolution ; of Colonel Samuel Barrett, one of the com-
manders at Lexington ; of Captain Jarvis, of Massachu-
setts Line, and Colonel Benjamin Church, who com-
manded the Provincial army during King Philip's War,
and who killed that celebrated Indian.
no
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD XAl'Y {regular)
MAJOR SAMUEL T. GUSHING. U.S.A.
Major Samuel T. Cushing (Subsistence Department)
was born in Rhode Island September 14, 1S39, and was
graduated from the Military Academy July 1, i860. He
was promoted acting second lieutenant of the Tenth
Infantry, and served on the frontier in the Navajo cam-
paign, and at Albuquerque and Santa Fe in the fall and
winter of [860-61. He was promoted second lieutenant
of the Second Infantry January 19, and first lieutenant
May- 14, [861, serving as such in the defences of Wash-
ington during that year. He served in the Manassas
campaign as aide-de-camp to Colonel 1). S. Miles,
Second Infantry, commanding the reserve division ; and
as acting assistant inspector-general at the head-quarters
of General McDowell, July and August, [861.
lie was then detailed as assistant signal-officer at
(amp of Instruction, Georgetown, I). C., from Septem-
ber, [861, to May, 1862, and then was placed in charge
of the Signal Office at Washington, 1). C., where he re-
mained to ( Ictober, 1862, in the mean time having been
promoted captain February 15, 1862.
Captain Cushing was appointed captain and commis-
sary of subsistence February 9, 1863, and made major in
the Signal Corps May 29, [863, which latter appointment
he declined.
He was assigned to duty as instructor of signalling
at the Military Academy July, 1863, which position
he retained until January, 1864, when he was ordered
on commissary duty in Tennessee, Kentucky, Indiana,
and Mississippi from 1864 to 1866.
Captain Cushing was appointed brevet major March
13, 1865, "for faithful and meritorious services during
the war."
He was at St. Louis in March and April; on inspec-
tor's duty from April 16 to August 23, 1866; on frontier
duty in the latter part of that year, and again on inspec-
tion duty from March to May, 1867; then at Fort
Laramie. Wyoming, until ordered again on inspection
duty from September to November, 1867, and then
stationed at Cheyenne, Wyoming, to December of the
same year. I fe was chief commissary of the Department
of the Platte to March 4, 1867, and in April, 1868, was
ordered to Texas, where he held the position of chief
commissary of the department until May, 1873, when his
station was changed to New Mexico, where he was chief
commissary of the district until July, 1874, at which time
he was ordered to Louisville, Kentucky, as chief com-
missary of the Department of the South and purchasing
commissary. From this post he was transferred to
Atlanta, Georgia, September 20, 1 876, remaining there to
February 10, 1877.
Captain Cushing's field of action was changed to the
Pacific coast February 22, 1877, where he performed the
duties of purchasing commissary at San Francisco, Cali-
fornia, remaining there until 1880, in the mean time
having participated in the campaign against hostile Pan-
nock Indians from June to September, 1878, serving as
chief commissary of the Department of the Columbia
during the campaign and until May, 1883, when he was
placed on special duty in the office of the commissary-
general of subsistence at Washington, remaining there
to February 12, 1884. At this time he was detailed on
duty at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, distributing supplies to
the sufferers from the flood on the Ohio River, which
duty occupied him until March 17, [884, when he was
once more ordered to Texas, performing the duties of
chief commissary of that department and purchasing and
depot commissary of subsistence at San Antonio. Being
relieved from this duty in August, 1889, he was ordered
to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, as purchasing and depot
commissary of subsistence, part of the time being chief
commissary of the Department of the Missouri.
Captain Cushing was promoted major in the subsist-
ence department August 28, 1888, and is at present on
dutv at Fort Leavenworth.
U'/fO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
1 1 1
COMMANDER WILLIAM B. CUSHING. U.S.N.
(deceased).
Commander William B. Cushing was born in Wis-
consin, in November, 1842, and was appointed to the
Naval Academy in September, 1 S 5 7 . lie resigned in
March, 1861, and went into the naval service afloat as an
acting master's mate, as he was of that temperament
which would not permit him to remain quietly at the
Naval School when war was at hand. His was a dis-
position which could, under such circumstances, give no
thought to theoretical studies, — fortunately for us, for
we wanted just such men at th.it time. He served in
the "Cambridge" for a short time, and was restored to
his rank as midshipman in October, 1861. After a sick-
leave he was ordered to the "Minnesota," and promoted
to lieutenant in [uly, in common with a large number of
young officers necessary to supply the demands of the
service growing out of the Civil War. Henceforth, for a
period of nearly three years, his service was eminently
conspicuous in deeds of daring. While in command of
a small steamer upon the blockade, he often visited the
inland waters of the enemy at the risk of his life. He
usually went at night, lying concealed during the follow-
ing day, and always having in view some definite object.
He had, in narrow waters, frequent fights with the field-
batteries of the enemy. Once, while blockading oil New
Topsail Inlet, he reconnoitred .1 schooner lying inside,
but was soon under the fire of a considerable force with
a field-piece and small-arms. He retired; but, late that
evening, he anchored his vessel close to the beach,
abreast of the schooner, and several miles distant from
the entrance to the inlet. Then he sent two boats on
shore, the larger one to act as support. They hauled
the smaller boat across the sand-beach, and launched her
in the inlet beyond. Ensign Coney, with six men, then
reconnoitred, and found that about twenty men and a
small piece of artillery were guarding the vessel. In
spite of this, an attack was made, the enemy routed, and
ten prisoners, a howitzer, and eighteen small-arms cap-
tured. The schooner and adjacent salt-works w:ere de-
stroyed, and the expedition rejoined the vessel without
loss.
Once, while blockading off Cape Fear River, Cush-
ing went in his gig, with six men, up the river past
Fort Caswell, to Smithville, two miles above, and got
important information. Once he entered the river in
the same way, captured the mail-rider for Fort Fisher,
and possessed himself of his bag.
His most remarkable feat, however, was the destruc-
tion of the iron-plated ram "Albemarle," while that for-
midable vessel was secured to a wharf at Plymouth,
North Carolina, with a guard of logs placed around her
at a distance of thirty feet, — her crew on board to use
her guns, and a company of soldiers on the wharf with
small-arms and howitzers. Unfortunately, the reporters
for the Northern press had found out that a torpedo-boat
was preparing for those waters, and, of course, the infor-
mation was transmitted to the enemy, so that they had
ample time for preparation. The torpedo was of the
earl_\- "boom" kind, carried in a steam-launch. The
enemy was vigilant, and Cushing's approach was discov-
ered after he had ascended the river, but before he came
very near. But, nothing daunted by the fire of artillery
and musketry, he put on steam, jumped his launch over
the logs, lowered his torpedo in a most deliberate way,
and blew the vessel up at the very moment when a shell
from one of the heavy guns of the "Albemarle" and the
column of water from the explosion of the torpedo sent
the launch to the bottom. Cushing, Paymaster Swan,
and others escaped, after much exposure in swimming
down the ice-cold water and hiding in the swamps. But
the terror of the " Sounds" was safely disposed of. For
this act he was made lieutenant-commander, being then
about twenty-two years of age. His entire career was a
daring one, but he generally succeeded in his undertak-
ings, because the) were carefully planned and carried out
with wonderful nerve.
When peace came Cushing seemed to suffer from a
lack of purpose, and he could not reconcile himself to
the perfunctory naval life. After the war he was execu-
tive-officer of the " Lancaster." He commanded the
" Maumee," on the Asiatic Station," for three years. He
was promoted to commander in the regular order in
January, 1872, when he was about thirty years old.
He then commanded the "Wyoming."
In the spring of 1874 he was ordered to the Wash-
ington Navy-Yard, but was soon detached at his own
! request. He soon showed symptoms of serious mental
derangement, and was removed to the Government
Hospital, where he died December 17, 1S74, at the age
of thirty-two years.
1 12
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (**<
CAPTAIN C. C. CUSICK. U.S.A. (retired).
Captain C. C. Cusick was born in Niagara County,
New York, August 2, 1835. He is the paternal grand-
son of Nicholas Cusick, an officer of the Revolutionary
army of [776, who was an intimate friend and co-laborer
of Washington and Marquis de Lafayette; the maternal
grandson of Captain Chew, of the British army, and the
sun of [ames Nicholas Cusick, who was for years the
associate and companion of Catlin and Schoolcraft, the
Indian historians, contributing largely to their work con-
cerning the subject of "The Myths of the New World."
His forest home in Western New York was honored by
the frequent visits of .Audubon. Captain Cusick is now
the only representative of the Six Nations of New York
favored with a commission in the regular army. As a
hereditary official of the ancient Iroquois confederacy,
he was installed to office September 6, i860, as sui 1
to William Chew, Si.. Sachem, and vacated the office
June 20, 1S66, he having received an appointment in the
regular army.
lie entered the volunteer service during the war of the
Rebellion as second lieutenant of the < ine Hundred and
Thirty-second Infantry August 14, [862; was promoted
first lieutenant July I, 1863, and captain May 31, 1865,
but owing to the long delay before the last commission
was received was not mustered in to that rank. He was
assigned to duty at Suffolk, Virginia, from Octobei to
the latter part of Decembi participated in several
reconnoissances and engagements in the Blackwater re-
1 and vicinity of Suffolk, Virginia; served at '
Berne. North Carolina, from January 2, 1863, until March
7, 1865, uty, the defence of New Bi
and active field duty ; timing the month of March, 1
the One Hundred and Thirty-second New York Infantry
inie a part of the Twenty-third Army Corps, and ad-
vanced with it into the interior of North Carolina under
Major-General Schofield ; commanded the large escort
of infantry for General Sherman's supply-train from
Goldsborough to Kingston, North Carolina, and return;
pending the surrender of General Johnston- army near
Raleigh, North Carolina, he was assigned to duty as act-
ing assistant ordnance officer of the Second Division,
Twenty-third Army Corps.
Captain Cusick led a charging force at night composed
of two companies of the One Hundred and Thirty-second
New York Infantry on works at Jackson's Mills, North
Carolina; entire Confederate grand guard captured;
1 olonel Foulke, commandant of Kingston, North Caro-
lina, attempted the rescue of prisoners the same night ;
he was also captured, together with his entire stall and
escort; led a charging party on works at Southwest
Creek, North Carolina, with one hundred and fifty
selected men; works captured and colors planted; Feb-
ruary, 1S64, participated in the heroic defence of Bache-
lor's Creek Bridge, and other points of crossing, during
the advance on New Berne by the Confederate forces
under General Pickett ; participated in the severe battle-
that was fought at Wise's Forks, near Kingston, North
( arolina, March 9-1 1, 1865. He was recommended for
brevet by the colonel of his regiment in 1867, for gallant
and meritorious services during the war; but not acted
on by the Senate of the United States owing to the order
of [867, suspending the granting of brevets.
Captain Cusick was appointed second lieutenant of the
Thirteenth Infantry June 20, 1866; transferred to the
Thirty-first Infantry September 20. 1866; transferred to
the Twenty-second Infantry May 15, 1869; promoted
first lieutenant August 5, 1872, and captain January 1.
[888. He joined his regiment in the West and aided in
repelling an attack on Fort Stevenson, North Dakota, by
hostile Sioux Indians August, 1867 ; repulsed a night attack
< if train escort "by hostile Sioux Indians near Spring Lake,
North Dakota, July 2~, 186S; engaged with one hundred
and seventy-five hostile Sioux Indians under Sitting Bull,
near Fort Buford, Montana, August 20, [868; captured
Little Running Bear, a Brule Sioux Indian, an associate
of Sitting Bull, fanuary, 1869. who was killed shortly
afterwards while attempting to escape; engaged with
a band of Indians under Crazy Horse, near Wolf Moun-
tain, Montana, January 8-9, 1877: May 7—8, 1877,
engaged with band of hostile Sioux Indians under
Lame Deer; capture of lour hundred horses and camp
destroyi 1
Captain Cusick' was appointed by Director-General
Davis, of the World's Columbian Exposition, as honorary
and special assistant in the Department of American Ar-
y and Ethnology September jj, 1891. Upon
his own request, 1 aptain ( usick was honorably retired
from active service January 14, 1892.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
1 1
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL AND BREVET MAJOR-GEN-
ERAL GEORGE A. CUSTER, U.S.A. (deceased).
Lieutenant-Colonel and Brevet Major-General
George A. Custer was born in Ohio. lie graduated at
the Military Academy June 24, 1861, and was promoted
se ond lieutenant of the Second Cavalry- the same day.
He was detailed to drill volunteers at Washington, and
then participated in the battle of first Bull Run, July 21,
[861. He was absent, sick', from October, 1861, to Feb-
ruary, 1862, and then participated in the Peninsula cam-
paign of the Army of the Potomac, being engaged in
the siege of Yorktown. He was promoted first lieuten-
ant Fifth Cavalry July 17, 1862, and captain of stall
(additional aide de-camp) June 5, 1862, and served on
the staff of Major-General McClellan in September and
October, 1862, and was engaged in the battles of South
Mountain and Antietam. He participated in Stoneman's
raid towards Richmond, aide-de-camp to General Pleas-
onton in combat at Brand}- Station, and on June 29,
1863, he was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers.
As such, lie commanded a cavalry brigade in the Pennsyl-
vania campaign, and was engaged in the action at Aldie,
battle of Gettysburg, various skirmishes in pursuit of the
enemy, with constant fighting at Monterey, Smithsburg,
I Iagerstown, Williamsport, and Boonsborough ; in fact,
from this time to the end of the war his history is that of
the Army of the Potomac, and the actions in which he-
was engaged are so numerous that it would require the
space of this entire sketch to enumerate them. He com-
manded a brigade of cavalry in the Richmond campaign,
cavalry corps in the Shenandoah campaign with Sheri-
dan, and a division of cavalry in the Appomattox cam-
paign of 1865, and was present at the capitulation of
General Lee April 5, 1865. He then made a raid to
Dan River, North Carolina, from April 24 to May 3,
1S65, and was in command of a cavalry division in the
Military Division of the Southwest from June 3 to July
17. 1865.
General Custer was appointed major-general of volun-
teers April 15, 1865, and was brevetted in the regular
army, major, for Gettysburg, July '3, 1863; lieutenant-
colonel, for Yellow Tavern; colonel, for Winchester;]
brigadier-general, for Five Forks; major-general, for
gallant and meritorious services during the campaign
ending in the surrender of the insurgent army of North-
ern Virginia. He was also brevetted a major-general of
United States Volunteers, for " gallant and meritorious
services at the battles of Winchester and Fisher's Hill, ;
Virginia."
He served in the Military Division of the Gulf from
July 17 to November 13, 1865, and was chief of cavalry
of the Department of Texas to February 1 , 1 866, at which
time he was mustered out of the volunteer service. He
was then granted leave of absence, and was awaiting
orders to September 24, 1866, when he was placed on
frontier duty at Fort Riley, Kansas, October 16,
1866.
General Custer was promoted lieutenant-colonel of the
Seventh Cavalry July 28, 1S66, and served on the plains;
in campaign against the Sioux ami Cheyennes, on the
South Platte and Republican Rivers, 1867-68; various
other expeditions, scouts, and combats, and notably the
Big Horn and Yellowstone expedition of 1876, where he
and his gallant band were all massacred in the fight with
Sitting Bull's village on the Little Big Horn River,
Montana. The closing scene in Custer's history has
been described by Horned Horse, an old Sioux chief, as
follows : " Custer then sought to lead his men up to the
bluffs by a diagonal movement, all of them having dis-
mounted and firing, whenever they could, over the backs
of their horses at the Indians, who had by that time
crossed the river in thousands, mostly on foot, and had
taken Custer in flank and rear, while others annoyed him
by a galling fire from across the river. Hemmed in on
all sides, the troops fought steadily, but the fire of the
enemy was so close and rapid that they melted like snow
before it, and fell dead among their horses in heaps.
The firing was continuous until the last man of Custer's
command was dead. The water-course, in which most
of the soldiers died, ran with bl 1
IS
H4
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
MAJOR AND BREVET LIEUTENANT-COLONEL
AARON S. DAGGETT, U.S.A.
Majok \\i> Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel Aaron S.
Daggi i i (Thirteenth Infantry) was born in Maine June
14, 1839. Heistheson of Aaron and Dorcas (Dearborn)
I laggett, and married Rose, the daughter of Major-Gen-
eral Phillips Bradford, of Turner, a lineal descendant of
Governor William Bradford, of Plymouth County.
At the breaking out of the war of the Rebellion, Major
Daggetl enlisted as a private April 29, 1861, and was
commissioned second lieutenant May 1, 1 861. lie was
promoted first lieutenant of Company E, Fifth Maine
Infantry, May 24, and captain of the company August 4,
[861.
from the first engagement of the regiment (battle
oi first Bull Run) to the end of its three years' memo-
rable service, Captain Daggett did faithful duty, and
was promoted major April 14, [B63, and on January
[8, [865, was commissioned lieutenant coloi i of the
Fifth Regimenl U. S. Veteran Volunteers (Hancock's
Corps).
( olonel Daggett was brevetted colonel and brigadier-
general of volunteers March 2, [867, for "gallant and
meritorious services during the war," and received the
brevets of major L:. S. Army for "gallant and meri-
torious services at the battle of Rappahannock Station,
Virginia, November 7, [863," and lieutenant colonel for
lllanl and meritorious services in the battle of the
Wilderness, Virginia."
Immediately alter the battle of Rappahannock Station,
the captured trophies — flags, cannon, etc. — were es< orted
to General Meade's head-quarters, Colonel Daggett bein<*
in command of the battalion of his brigade, he having
been chosen by General Upton, the escort b 1 ted
from those who had taken the most conspicuous part in
that battle. General Upton wrote as follows regarding
Colonel Daggett :
" In the assault at Rappahannock Station, Colonel
Daggett's regiment captured over five hundred prisoners.
In the assault at Spottsylvania Court-House, May 10, his
regiment lost six out of seven captains, the seventh being
killed on the 12th of May at 'the angle,' or the point
where the tree was shot down by musketry, on which
ground the regiment fought from 9.30 A. M. until 5.30 P. M.,
when it was relieved. On all these occasions Colonel
Daggett was under my immediate command, and fought
with distinguished braver)-. Throughout his military
career in the Army of the Potomac he maintained the
character of a good soldier and an upright man, and his
promotion would be but a simple act of justice, which
would be commended by all those who desire to see
courage rewarded."
In recommending him to Governor Corry for promo-
tion, General Upton said :
" Major Daggett served his full term in this brigade
with honor both to himself and State, and won the repu-
tation of being a brave, reliable, and efficient officer. His
promotion would be a great benefit to the service, while
the honor of the State could scarcely be intrusted to
safer hands."
Generals Meade, Wright, and Russell concurred in
this recommendation.
General W. S. Hancock also recommended him for pro-
motion. He was twice slightly wounded during the war.
Colonel Daggett was appointed a captain in the Six-
teenth U. S. Infantry Jul)' 28, 1866; was transferred to
the Second Infantry April 17, 1869; was promoted major
January 2, 1892, and assigned to the Thirteenth Infantry.
He was not an applicant for a position in the regular
army. The appointment was made without solicitation,
by recommendation of General Grant. In the regular
arm)- he has won the reputation of being a fine tactician,
and also of being well versed in military law.
( olonel Daggett is not only a soldier, but has ability
ouside of his profession. As a public speaker, the fol-
lowing is said by the Rev. S. S. Cummings, of Boston:
" It was my privilege and pleasure to listen to an address
delivered by General A. S. Daggett on Memorial Day
of 1891. I had anticipated something able and instruc-
tive, but it far exceeded my fondest expectations. . . .
The address was dignified, yet affable, delivered in choice
language without manuscript, instructive and impressive,
and highly appreciated by an intelligent audience."
A Vinton (Iowa) paper, August, 18S9, thus says of
Colonel Daggett: "In the evening a very interesting
programme was carried out in front of regimental head-
quarters, it being music and speaking combined. . . .
Colonel Daggett proves to be an eloquent orator as well
as a good soldier."
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
115
REAR-ADMIRAL JOHN A. DAHLGREN, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Rear-Admiral John A. Da?ilgren was born in Phil-
adelphia, Pennsylvania, and appointed midshipman from
that State in 1826, serving in the Brazil and the Mediter-
ranean Squadrons, in the " Macedonian" and "Ontario;"
passed midshipman in April, 1832, and was on duty on
the Coast Survey until 1842; commissioned as lieutenant
in March, 1S37; served in the frigate "Cumberland," in
the Mediterranean, during 1844-45. Prom 1847 to 1857
he was upon ordnance duty, during which time he per-
fected the invention of the famous Dahlgren heavy guns,
introduced howitzers for use afloat and ashore, and wrote
several works relating to ordnance. In September, 1855,
he was commissioned as commander; commanded the
ordnance practice-ship "Plymouth" in 1858-59, and was
on ordnance duty at the Washington Navy-Yard in
1860-61. At this time his guns were in general use in
the navy, and there were never better or more reliable
ones of their kind.
On April 22, 1861, a few daws after the attack of the
Baltimore mob on the Massachusetts troops, all the
officers of the Washington Navy-Yard resigned and left,
except Commander Dahlgren, Lieutenant Wainwright
( who was absent on sick-leave), and the boatswain. The
officers who thus left were a commodore-commandant, a
commander, two lieutenants, the surgeon, and paymas-
ter. The command devolved upon Dahlgren, who took
vigorous measures to defend the navy-yard. After the
immediate emergency passed away, it was suggested that
the law required that a captain should command a navy-
yard, and applications were made for his position, but
the President refused to disturb him, and Congress passed
an act enabling him to retain the command. Commis-
sioned captain June 16, 1862, and shortly afterwards
appointed chief of the Bureau of Ordnance. Promoted
to rear-admiral February 7, 1863, and relieved Rear-
Admiral Dupont, in the command of the South Atlantic
Blockading Squadron, Jul}- 6 of that year. A com-
bined operation of naval and army forces, the latter
under General Gillmore, was then begun for the posses-
sion of Morris Island, on the south side of the entrance
to Charleston.
After a long and severe struggle the island was
finally possessed, and the guns of the army and the
fleet soon reduced Fort Sumter to a pile of ruins. The
fort itself was assaulted by a boat expedition which
failed. But Dahlgren's fleet thenceforth remained inside
the bar and blockade-running at that port was at an end.
In Pebruary, 1864, Admiral Dahlgren commanded in
person an expedition to the St. John's River. In July,
1864, a concerted movement was made up the Stono
River by General Foster and Admiral Dahlgren. This
expedition, well conceived, failed for want of energetic
carrying out on the part of some of the army subordinates.
The column under Colonel Hoyt actually captured Fort
Johnson, but, being unsupported, were made prisoners.
On December 12, 1864, General Sherman having success-
fully accomplished his march to the sea, reached the
vicinity of Savannah, and Admiral Dahlgren immediately
established communication with him, and made the best
possible disposition of the vessels under his command
to assist the army in taking possession of Savannah,
which was occupied by Sherman on December 21, 1864.
On February 18, 1865, the movements of Sherman's
army caused the evacuation of Charleston by the Con-
federate forces, and Admiral Dahlgren at once moved
his vessels up and occupied that city. The evacuation of
Charleston was followed by that of Georgetown, and
on February 26 the admiral occupied that place. < >n
March 1, immediately after the surrender, his flag-ship
was blown up by a torpedo and sunk. In 1866 Rear-
Admiral Dahlgren was ordered to the command of the
South Pacific Squadron. On returning from that ser-
vice, in 1868, he was for the second time appointed chief
of the Bureau of Ordnance. In the fall of 1869 he was
relieved from the charge of that bureau at his own
request, and ordered to the command of the Washington
Navy-Yard, where he died in 1S70.
n6
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
COMMANDER WM. STARR DANA, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Commander Wiiliam Starr Dana was born in New
York April, 1843; and was the son of Richard P. Dana,
win isc ancestor Richard came from England to Massa-
chusetts in 1640. Many of the members of the family
have since been well known in the literary and scientific
world. Commander Dana entered the Naval Academy in
1859, ami graduated in [863, becoming an ensign in the
same year. After a short service in the North Atlantic
Squadron, he was ordered to the West Gulf Squadron.
Was attached to the flag-ship " Hartford" at the battle
of Mobile Bay, and participated in all the events, — the
taking ol Forts Morgan, Gaines; and Powell and other
operations of that epoch of the Civil War. lie was
of those who received the thanks of Admiral Far-
it ; and was included in the thanks of Congre voted
to the "officers, seamen, and marines of the fleet, for the
unsurpassed gallantry and skill exhibited by them in the
engagement in .Mobile Bay on the 5th day of August,
[864." After the close nf the war Commander Dana
was executive-officer of the "Shenandoah," 1879-81, —
the flag-ship of Rear- Admiral Andrew Bryson, on the
South Atlantic Squadron. For two months, pending a
change ol captains, he was in command of the "Shen-
andoah." When the inspection of the ship was made.
upon the new captain taking command he reported that
the condition of the ship bore testimony to the vigilance
and industry of those in authority, — "as near perfection
as the exertions of the officers and crew could arrive at
with the armament furnished by the government." Rear-
Admiral Bryson endorsed the report very favorably,
mentioning that Dana's "best energies have been given,
as the executive, to the well-being of the vessel."
He was regarded as having most seamanlike qualities,
and was favorably regarded for the order and discipline
of the vessels in which he served. The late Admiral
Nicholson, who was a competent judge in such matters,
said, "He," Dana, "was a conscientious, painstaking
officer."
Commander Dana was for a time a companion ol the
Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States,
lie was also a member of the Academy of Sciences of
New York.
In 1889 he obtained .1 few months' leave of absence
for the purpose of European travel, and was on his way
home when he was taken with pneumonia, in Paris, and
died there on January 1, 1890.
After his service with Admiral Farragut in the " Hart-
Cud," he served on the Pacific Station, being promoted
to master while attached to "St. Mary's." "Aroostook,"
of Asiatic Squadron, [866-68, and promoted lieutenant
while serving in her. In the "Shenandoah," on same
station, when promoted to lieutenant-commander; and
then served in "Ashuelot." Attached to "Brooklyn"
and "Plymouth," of the European Squadron, 1870-75.
Executive-officer of " ( Issipee," in the West Indies,-
1874-75. Executive-officer of receiving-ship "Colo-
rado," 1875-77. In 1878 he took a course of tor-
pedo instruction at Newport. From 1879 to 1881 he
was attached to " Shenandoah," as already mentioned.
Commissioned commander September, 1881. After
some duty at the New York Navy-Yard, and in com-
mand of torpedo-boat "Alarm," he made a cruise in
command of the " Nipsic," South Atlantic Squadron,
returning home in June, 1886. His next station was
the Naval War College, during a course lasting some
weeks, in 18S7. In [888 he took another course at the
Torpedo Instruction, and after that was ordered to duty
at the Naval War College, Newport, from August to
November, 1888, This terminated his active service.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
117
CAPTAIN AND BRHVET MAJOR JOHN A. DARLING,
U.S.A.
Captain and Brevet Major John A. Darling (First
U. S. Artillery) was born at Bucksport, Maine, June 7,
1835. His ancestors settled in New England in 1632,
and were ever quick to respond to all calls for support
from the colonies and republic, rendering distinguished
services. Major Darling graduated at the State Military
Academy of Pennsylvania; was commissioned second
lieutenant in Second U. S. Artillery, August 5, 1861.
Ilis first service was at Fort McHenry. In the au-
tumn of 1861 he was ordered to Sedalia, Missouri, to
command Light Battery F of his regiment, well known
as " Totten's Battery."
In the exceptionally severe winter of 1862, he marched,
with his command, to St. Louis Arsenal, a distance of
three hundred miles, arriving in February after a month's
march. From there he proceeded at once to New Mad-
rid, Missouri, and was engaged in active operations both
there and at Island No. 10, resulting in their capture.
In addition to the command of his battery, he was
specially detailed, in charge of two companies of volun-
teer engineer troops, to make gabions and fascines and to
construct a field-work.
General Pope in his report says, " Lieutenant Darling's
battery, Second Artillery, U.S.A., was frequently under
the enemy's fire, and behaved in a very gallant and
creditable manner."
Having been promoted to a first lieutenancy, he was
appointed aide-de-camp to Major-General John A. Dix.
While on this duty he made the first exchange of war
prisoners, being associated with Judge Ould, commis-
sioner of the Confederate States. He was also engaged
in actual field-service before Suffolk, Virginia, and on the
Peninsula. In March, 1863, was appointed major of
Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery. Commanded regiment
and Camp Hamilton, Virginia, until June. Prom there
transferred to duty at Port Monroe, Virginia, till Oc-
tober, 1864. At this date, having been detailed as acting
assistant inspector-general for the Eastern District of
Virginia, he served until June, 1865, in that capacity.
Upon being relieved and returned to his regiment at
Fort Monroe, Virginia, he remained there until Septem-
ber, 1865. During July and August, 1865, he held as
prisoners in close confinement President Jefferson Davis,
Senator C. C. Clay, and Editor John Mitchell (the Irish
refugee), of the Southern Confederacy.
Brevetted captain and major for " gallant and meritori-
ous services," he was honorably mustered out of the vol-
unteer service, and ordered to join his regular regiment,
the Second U. S. Artillery, at Alcatraz Island, San Fran-
cisco harbor, where he remained until December, 1S67,
commanding the post from July, 1866.
Placed in command of the post and his battery at Fort
Point San Jose, San PYancisco, he remained there until
February, 186S. Was promoted captain to date from
December 9, 1 S6/.
Removed to Fort Stevens, Oregon, he commanded the
post and battery there until January, 1S71.
Upon the reduction of the army in January, 1871, he was
honorably mustered out of the service. By special act of
Congress he was recommissioned as captain of artillery,
with former rank and date of commission, and assigned
to the First U. S. Artillery. The following is an extract
from the united report of the Senate and House Commit-
tees on Military Affairs, unanimously adopted by both
bodies: " His record during the war is that of a gallant,
faithful, and efficient officer, who was constantly in the
field, having command of artillery in active operations in
Missouri, at New Madrid, Island No. 10, and, later, in
the campaigns in Virginia. At the conclusion of the
war he was brevetted captain and major for gallant and
meritorious conduct."
From May, 1878, to July, 1879, he was on duty at the
Artillery School at Fort Monroe, Virginia. Ordered to
Fort Trumbull, Connecticut, in July, 1879, he commanded
Battery M, First U. S. Artillery, at that point until
November, 1881. Commanded post of Fort Mason, San
Francisco, until February, 1889, nearly eight years. He
was then removed to the Presidio of San Francisco, re-
maining until April, 1889. Ordered to Alcatraz Island,
San Francisco harbor, he was on duty with his battery
until May, 1890. At that date his regiment was ordered
east, and he has been, up to the present time, in command
of his batter)- at Governor's Island, New York harbor.
Major Darling is well known in the musical world as
August Mignon, under which nom de plume have been
published, both in this country and in Europe, many
vocal and instrumental compositions of acknowledged
hi<>h artistic merit.
n.S
OFF/ CURS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (.regular)
REAR-ADMIRAL CHARLES HENRY DAMS. I I.S.N.
(hi CI \S\ D).
R i vr-Admirai Cii \rles Henry Davis, son of 1 )aniel
Davis, Solicitor-General of Massachusetts, was born in
Boston January [6, 1S07. He entered Harvard College
in [821, and on August ij, [823, was appointed mid-
shipman in the navy. 1 1 i ^ first cruise was in the Pacific,
mi board the frigate" United States," under Commodore
Isaac Hull. He served temporarily on board the
schooner " Dolphin," on a cruise to the Mulgrave Isl-
ands, in search 11I the mutineers oi the whale-ship
"Globe."
He was attached to the sloop "Erie," in the West In-
dies, in [828 ; passed his examination in [829, taking high
rank in his class; served as sailing-master of the "< )nta-
rin," in the Mediterranean, until (832 ; was commissi, med
lieutenant in [ 83 1 ; sailed in the " Yinccnncs" as flag-
lieutenant to Commodore Alexander Wadsworth, in [833,
1 hi the I'.u it'n Station; returned to the United States in
[835 in command of the American hark "Vermont,"
which had been condemned at Callao; and from [837 to
1840 he served on hoard the razee "Independence," in
Europe, and on the Brazil Station. In 1 840 he began the
serious study oi mathematics. He was attached to the
Coast Survey from [842 to [849. During this period he
discovered Davis' New South Shoal, lying off Nantucket
Shoals, and published his paper, on the Geological
Action of the Tidal and other Currents oi the Ocean,
and mi the Law of Deposit of the Flood-tide, which
gave him reputation as a hydrographer of skill. II
served on several harbor commissions. In [849 he
iblished the Nautical Almanac, and became its first
superintendent. Commander in [854, he commanded
the " St. Mary's," in the Pacific, 1856 59, I [e raised the
ol Rivas, and received the surrender of Walker,
the filibuster, thereby saving his life, and took him out of
Nicaragua. In 1 857 he published a translation of Gauss's
" Theoria Motus Corporum Ccelestium." This was the
first presentation in English of this standard authority
for astronomers. In [861 he was member of the Hoard
on Construction of New Vessels, and of the Commission
on Southern Harbors, which planned the expedition to
Port Royal, in which he sailed as fleet-captain, under
Dupont.
In May, [862, having been promoted to captain,
he relieved flag-officer Foote, in command of the Mis-
sissippi Flotilla, off Fort Pillow. A few days after as-
suming command, he, with seven vessels, beat oil a
squadron of eight iron-clads in an action lasting an hour,
the enemy's vessels avoiding capture under the guns oi
Fort Pillow. On June 5 Fort Pillow was evacuated, and
on the 6th Davis brought on a general action with the
Confederate iron dads and rams off Memphis, won a
signal victory, and received the surrender of the city,
lie then joined Farragut, and was engaged in operations
near Vicksburg and on the Yazoo River until Septem-
ber, when he was forced, through ill health, to relinquish
his command. He was made rear-admiral in [863, and
became the first chief of the Bureau of Navigation, and
in 1865 was appointed superintendent of the Naval
Observatory. In [867 he hoisted his flag on board
the " Guerriere," as commander-in-chief of the Brazil
Station.
During this cruise he proceeded in force to Paraguay
and demanded and obtained the surrender of two per-
sons, one an American and the other a British subject,
who had claimed protection of the American legation,
and had been arrested by Lopez, when the minister left
the country. Phis action involved Davis in a contro-
versy with the ministers to Brazil and Paraguay, in which
he was sustained by the Department. A congressional
investigation followed, in which he was vindicated. He
commanded the Norfolk Navy- Yard [870-73. In 1 S74
he was again appointed superintendent ol the Observ-
atory, at which post he died February 18, [877.
Admiral Davis took the degree of A. B. at Harvard, and
was made LL.D. by the same University in 1868. He
was a member of the National Academy of Sciences, of
the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, of the
Massachusetts branch of the Society of the Cincin-
nati, and of the Military < )rder of the Loyal Legion, and
was the author of many writings on scientific and other
subjects. He received the thanks of Congress and his
rear-admiral's commission for his victories at Fort Pillow
and Memphis.
A stained-glass window in the Memorial Hall, at Har-
vard, commemorates the fact that he was the oldest repre-
entative of the University, and the senior in rank-, who
served during the Civil War.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
•'9
COLONEL JEFFERSON C. DAVIS. U.S.A.
(deceased).
Colonel Jefferson C. Davis was born in Indiana,
and appointed from the army. He was a private in the
Third Indiana Volunteer Infantry June, 1S46 ; engaged in
Taylor's campaigns against Monterey and Saltillo, and
the battle of Buena Vista, Mexico; sergeant Third In-
diana Volunteer Infantry February, 1 S47 ; second lieu-
tenant First LT. S. Artillery June, 1848. He joined
the regiment at Fort McHenry October, 1848, and was
at Fort Washington, Maryland, and on the coast of
Mississippi until the fall of 1852. First lieutenant First
U. S. Artillery February, 1852, and in Florida in 1853.
lb- was at Fortress Monroe, Virginia, until the fall of
1855 with a light battery ; at Fort McHenry to [857;
on the east coast of Florida to summer of 1858, and at
Fort Moultrie, South Carolina, till December, l86l,when
it was evacuated and Fort Sumter occupied. Engaged
in the defence of Fort Sumter, South Carolina. He was
mi staff duty, mustering and equipping troops for the
field, Indianapolis, from May to August, 1 861. Captain
First U. S. Artillery May, 1861 ; colonel Indiana Volun-
teer Infantry August, [861 ; commanding forces holding
Jefferson City, Lexington, and Boonville; commanding
brigade in the Army of the Southwest, and at the action
of Springfield, Missouri ; commanding Camp of Instruc-
tion at Otterville, Missouri. I Ie commanded the forces
engaged in the defeat and capture of the rebels on the
Blackwater, Missouri, December, 1861. Commanded a
di\ ision and was engaged in the action at Springfield and
pursuit of Price. Commanded the troops in the action at
Cross Timbers, Arkansas, and participated in the battle
of Pea Ridge, Arkansas. lie was in command of a
division at the siege of Corinth, and in the pursuit of
the enemy to Boonville. Made brigadier-general U. S.
Volunteers May, 1862, to rank from December, 1861.
Commanded troops in the engagement at Nolensville and
Nole Gap in the advance on Murfreesborough. He was
at the battle of Stone River, and commanded the forces
in pursuit of the rebel General Wheeler. In the cam-
paign against Tullahoma and Chattanooga; engaged at
action of Liberty Gap, battles of Chickamauga, Mis-
sionary Ridge, pursuit of the rebels; actions of Chicka-
mauga Station and Shepard's Farm ; expedition for the
relief of Knoxville; reconnoissance at Dalton; action of
Buzzard's Roost (commanding forces) ; advance on At-
lanta, battle of Resaca, capture of Rome ; actions around
Dallas, assault on Kenesaw Mountain, and capture of
Marietta; in the actions of Nicojack Creek, Chatta-
hoochie River, battle of Peach-Tree Creels', and oper-
ations around Atlanta, Georgia. Brevet major-general
U. S. Volunteers August, [864; commanding Fourteenth
Arms' Corps; engaged at the battle and occupation ot
fonesborough ; pursuit of the rebel General Hood in rear
of .Atlanta. He was in Sherman's march to the sea and
through the Carolinas, being engaged at the capture of Sa-
vannah, Georgia; battles of Averysborough and Benton-
ville, capture of Raleigh, and surrender of the rebel army
under General Johnston. In the march to Washington
City via Richmond, Virginia, and transported the Four-
teenth Corps to Louisville, Kentucky, when it was mus-
tered out of service fuly and August, 1865 ; commanded
Department of Kentucky 1866; commanded expedition
to occupy Alaska, and in command of Department of
Alaska September, 1867, to August, 1870. Brevet major
U. S. Army for gallant and meritorious conduct at the
battle of Rome, Georgia; brevet colonel U. S. Army for
gallant and meritorious conduct at the battle of Pea
Ridge, Arkansas; brevet lieutenant-colonel U. S. Army
for gallant and meritorious conduct at the battle of Res-
aca, Georgia; brevet colonel I7. S. Army for gallant and
meritorious conduct at the battle of Rome, Georgia;
brevet brigadier-general U. S. Army for gallant and mer-
itorious conduct at the battle of Kenesaw Mountain,
Georgia; brevet major-general U.S. Army for gallant
and meritorious conduct at the battle of Jonesborough,
Georgia. Colonel Twenty-third U. S. Infantry July, 1866.
Eastern Superintendency General Recruiting Service,
New York City, from January, 1871. Died November
30, 1879.
120
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY [regular)
COLONEL AND BREVET BRIGADIER-GENERAL
HANNIBAL DAY. U.S.A. (de< i vsed).
Colonel \m> Brevei Brigadier-General Hannibai
Day was born at Montpelier, Vermont, February 17,
1804; he was the son of Dr. Sylvester Day, Surgeon
I '. S. .\nn_\-. and grandson of Dr. Elkanah Day. of
Westminster, Vermont, — one of the pioneers in the set-
tlement of that State, who was active in establishing the
State government, independent of the States of New
York and New Hampshire.
Genera] Day had an early experience in the military
service, when in the beginning of the War of 1812 { 15th
Inly), at the age of eight years, he with his father and
the garrison oi Eort Michilimackinac, were taken [iris-
oners by a British force of Canadians and Indians. The
prisoners were paroled and sent to Detroit, where they
wi re, a month later, at- the surrender of the United States
forces on 16th August, 1812, of which event and of the
indignant expressions of the army officers, the general
retained a \i\ id re. 1 illection.
\iier 1 full's surrender the Michilimackinac paroled
prisoners were all taken on board a sloop and carried to
Fort Erie, on Lake Erie. Captain Elliot, of the navy,
was at Buffalo with some boats; and the gallant Captain
Laws, .11 was there with the land tones; la- \olunteered
to man the boats and rescue the prisoners, which was
acci implished on a dark night without the loss of a man ;
no mention of the- services of the army was made by
Elliot in the report of the affair. After his rescue and
his early experience of the incidents of war, young Han-
nibal Day returned to his native town and pursued his
studies in the academic schools of his native State. In
18 18 his father procured for him an appointment of cadet
in the West Point Military Academy. Ill health pre-
vented the successful pursuit of his studies, and he was
allowed to enter the next class on September I, 1 8 19,
and he was graduated on the 1st of Jul}-, 1823, and was
at that date appointed second lieutenant Second Regi-
ment U. S. Infantry, and served in the same regiment in
the grades of first lieutenant, captain, major, and lieuten-
ant-colonel. ( >n the 7th of July, 1862, he was appointed
colonel of the Sixth Regiment of Infantry. Lie was
ommissioned brigadier- general by brevet on March 13,
1865, for long and faithful service in the ami}-.
lie served fort}- years continuously: In garrison at
Fort Brady, Michigan, 1823—28; on Topographical duty,
1828-31 ; in garrison at Fort Niagara, New York, 1832;
Fort Dearborn, Illinois, 1832-33; Hancock Barracks,
Maryland, 1833-36; Fort Independence. Massachusetts,
[836; on recruiting service, 1836-3S; in the Florida
War, 1838-39 and 1841-42; at Buffalo, .1842-45 ; and
Detroit, 1845—46. In the Mexican War hew, is stationed
at Tampico, 1846-47, and afterwards served in many
places in California ami on the Indian frontier. At the
beginning of the Civil War he was at Fort Abercrombie,
and was soon ordered to Georgetown, District of Colum
liia, in command of the Second Infantry.
Colonel Hannibal Day commanded the first brigade of
Ayer's division, Fifth Arm}- Corps, and was actively
engaged at the battle of Gettysburg, rendering gallant
service in the defence of Round Top, on the extreme left
of the loyal line, where he had a horse killed under him.
I le held the same command during the march to Warren-
ton, Virginia, and until he was retired from active .ser-
vice, August 1, 1863, owing to want of sufficient physical
strength to perform service in the field. lie then com-
manded Fort Hamilton, New York, till Jul}- 8, 1864, and
afterwards served on various military commissions and
courts-martial till June 14, 1869, when he was relieved
from duty,
He died at Morristown, New Jersey, March 26, 1891,
at the age of eighty-seven years.
At the time of his death he was third in academic
rank of the living graduates of the Military Academy, his
seniors being Colonel William ('. Young-, of the Class of
1882, and brevet major-general Georget S. Green, of the
( las- of 1 82 3.
General Day married, in 1831, Anna Maria Houghton,
daughter of Thomas and Mary Leggate (Chase) Hough-
ton, who died in 1881. He leaves one son, Sylvester
Henry Day, of Carson City, Nevada, and one daughter,
Mrs. Hoff, wife of Captain John Van Rensselaer Hoff,
M.D., assistant surgeon U. S. Ann v.
WHO SERVED LV THE CIVIL WAR.
121
CAPTAIN SELDEN ALLEN DAY, U.S.A.
Captain Selden Allen Day (Fifth Artillery) was
born at Chillicothe, Ohio, July 22, 1838. His father,
1 lemoval T. Day, was a native of Virginia, and his
mother, Ruth Merriam, of Vermont. His grandfather,
Samuel Day, and his great-grandfather, Leonard Day,
were Virginia soldiers in the Revolutionary War, and
both were at the capture of Yorktown and surrender of
Cornwallis. In April, 1861, Captain Day obtained au-
thority and raised a company of volunteers at Bowling
Green, Ohio, for the war of the Rebellion. Owing, how-
ever, to the excess of troops enrolled under the first call,
this company was not mustered, and was disbanded.
Captain Day then enlisted as a private in Company C,
Seventh Ohio Infantry, June 20, 1861, participating in
the campaign in West Virginia, that year. After the
action of Cross Lanes August 26, where his regiment
suffered heavy loss, he was made corporal. He was
present at Loop Creek, Paw-Paw, Romney, etc., in the
winter of 1861-62.
At the battle of Winchester, Virginia, March 23, 1862,
Corporal Day, though injured early in the fight, re-
mained at the front ; and in a charge of his brigade was
one of the first over the stone wall forming part of the
defence of the enemy, and was one of a small party fol-
lowing Major Casement into a battery and capturing the
guns. At the close of the fight he had the good fortune,
with the aid of a comrade, to capture and bring in a stafl
officer of General Jackson. For his part in this action
Corporal Day was promoted sergeant and recommended
for a commission.
In the battle of Port Republic, June 9, 1862, Ser-
geant Day bore an active part, and, though again
wounded, formed one of the rear-guard in the retreat
after the battle.
At the battle of Cedar Mountain, where his regiment
suffered terribly, August 9, 1862, Sergeant Day, though
at one time "between two fires," escaped unhurt, and at
the close of the action found himself in command of the
remnant of three companies.
The fatigue and hardships of the campaign of 1862,
however, brought about at last what shot and shell failed
to accomplish, and at its close we find the subject of our
sketch liors de combat. For several months he remained
in hospital at Frederick, Maryland, where, having for-
merly studied medicine, as soon as able he performed
efficient service in the care of the sick and wounded.
During this time he was given the option of a discharge
for disability or a transfer to the regular army as hos-
pital steward. He chose the latter, and was ordered to
Baltimore for duty. When that city was threatened in
the summer of 1863, Steward Day, under the mayor,
was instrumental in organizing and drilling companies
16
made up of members of the Union League and conva-
lescents in the hospitals for special service.
After his health was restored, and on application for
field service, Steward Day was called to Washington,
D. C, appointed second lieutenant Fifth Artillery, and in
the spring of 1864 ordered to the front. He joined Bat-
tery A in the battle of Cold Harbor, and was brevetted
first lieutenant for that action. He served continuously
in the field until the close of the war; entered Richmond
with Battery F, Fifth Artillery, April 3, 1865, and was
brevetted captain for " gallant and meritorious services
during the war."
Since the war Captain Day has served in various parts
of the country. He was detailed in charge of cholera
quarantine at Craney Island, Virginia, and afterwards
to command Battery F, Fifth Artillery, at Richmond,
Virginia, in 1866, in which year he was promoted first
lieutenant. He was made president of Board of Regis-
tration and Elections, and military commissioner in Vir-
ginia under the reconstruction acts in 1867-68. For
several years he acted as ordnance officer, and was in-
structor in signalling and rifle practice at Fort Adams,
Rhode Island. He graduated from the Artillery School
in 1874, and from the Medical College of the State of
South Carolina 1880. He was recorder of Board on
Magazine-Guns 1881-82; promoted captain Fifth Artil-
lery 1886; commanded Fort Wood, Bedloe's Island,
New York harbor, March to June, 1887.
He travelled in Europe in 1888; was ordered to the
Pacific coast in 1890, and assigned to the command of
Fort Mason, San Francisco, California, where he is now
serving.
Captain Day is a man in the prime of life, of medium
height and weight, fair complexion, with brown hair,
gray-blue eyes, and is a hard worker, an enthusiastic
sportsman, and an expert rifle-shot.
I 22
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN CHARLES C. DE RUDIO, U.S.A.
Captain Charles C. De Rudio (Seventh Cavalry) was
born on August 26, 1832, in the city of Bellemo, then
the State of Venice. In [845 he entered the Austrian
Military Academy of Milan. At the revolution of [848
he left the Austrian army and joined the Venetian Legion
of the Cacciatori delle Alpi in Venice ; served and par-
ticipated at the siege and sorties till March, 1849, "hen
he left Venice and entered the Legion of Garibaldi in
Rome. I le served and participated with that legion in
the battles of April 30, 1S49, against the French; at
the battles of Palestrina and Velletri against the Nea-
politan Bourbon army, and at the siege of Rome till
its fall.
lb entered the U. S. Volunteers August 25, 1S64,
in the Seventy-ninth New York Highlanders, and
was sent to the front in Virginia. He joined his regi-
ment at F<>rt Hays, near Petersburg, Virginia; served
with his company (A) up to < October 16, 1864, when he
received a lieutenant's commission in the Second U. S.
Colored Troops. He was discharged from the Seventy-
ninth New York ti 1 enable him to accept the c< immission,
and two weeks afterwards was sent to his company (D),
stationed at Fort Meyer, Florida. He was then ordered
to Punta Rassa, at the mouth of the Caloosahatchee, to
guard a large depot containing over two millions of
rations and ammunition, collected there for an expedi-
tion to capture Fort St. Mark, Florida, by General John
Newton. The detachment was composed of sixteen men.
1 fining their absence a Confederate force attacked Fort
Meyer. One of the videttes captured by the enemy
near Fort Meyei escaped, and reported to Lieutenant
De Rudio the circumstances of his capture and the at
tack on Fort Meyer. He immediately made prepara-
tion,, in case he could not defend the depot, to destroy
it by fire. The next morning the enemy made his ap-
pearance in the mangrove wood, about three miles off,
but soon they were observed to be on a precipitate
retreat, the gun-boat " Thunderer" happily making its
appearance.
In a few days General Newton arrived with the Sev-
enty-ninth, and De Rudio was complimented by the gen-
eral for his conduct. Although he was anxious to par-
ticipate in the expedition, he was ordered to remain at
his post with thirty-sixty men, and ordered to fortify the
place.
On the return of the expedition, De Rudio was ordered
to Fort Meyer. On arriving there, he was informed that
the post was to be abandoned, and that he had been
picked out to remain with a detachment of thirty picked
men, for the purpose of destroying the fort, after the
troops, refugees, and property had safely arrived at Punta
Rassa, as the enemy was supposed to be in the vicinity
of the fort. The garrison left by land, and the refugees
and property were transported by water. Finding that
the fort could not effectually be destroyed, after demol-
ishing all the barracks and buildings the block-houses
were burned. After executing his orders, De Rudio,
during the night, marched to Punta Rassa.
On January 5, 1866, he was mustered out at Key
West, Florida.
Lieutenant De Rudio was recommended for the brevet
of captain by General Newton, but he never received it.
On August 31, 1867, he was appointed second lieuten-
ant Second U. S. Infantry by General U. S. Grant, while
Secretary of War ad interim. He reported at Louisville,
Kentucky, to his regiment. In March, 1.X6X, he was
selected by the major-general commanding the depart-
ment to take charge of a detachment of fifty picked
mounted infantry at Lebanon, Kentucky, for the purpose
of assisting the U. S. Marshal to enforce the Civil-
Rights Bill and the public-revenue law.
In April, 1869, he was relieved of that arduous duty,
and ordered to his company at Louisville, then under
orders to go to Atlanta, Georgia, for consolidation with the
Sixteenth Infantry. On August 17 he was placed on wait-
ing orders by reason of being a junior officer; but the
same day received a telegram from the Adjutant-General
of Department of Cumberland to report without delay
to those head-quarters, and was ordered to Lebanon,
Kentucky, to resume charge of the mounted detachment.
Lieutenant De Rudio was recommended by Major-
General G. H. Thomas for transfer to the cavalry, and
July 14, 1869 was transferred to the Seventh Cavalry;
and the following month was relieved from Lebanon and
ordered to join his new regiment in camp near Fort
Hays, Kansas. He was assigned to H Troop, and par-
ticipated in all the marches and campaigns with the regi-
ment up to 1889.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
123
CAPTAIN GEORGE DEWEY, U.S.N.
Captain George Dewey is a native of Vermont, and
was appointed a midshipman from that State in Septem-
ber, 1854. He graduated from the Naval Academy in
1858, well up in his class, and served in the frigate " Wa-
bash," in the Mediterranean, for the next two years. When
the Civil War occurred he was ordered to the steam-
frigate " Mississippi," and served at New Orleans, Port
Hudson, and Donaldsonville, Louisiana, in that vessel,
having been commissioned lieutenant in April, 1861. The
episode of the destruction of the " Mississippi" (although
a misfortune to the cause, in the unavoidable destruction
of a fine vessel which was not only very serviceable, but
dear to many officers and men who had sailed in her)
brought forth Lieutenant Dewey's fine qualities as an of-
ficer in a more marked degree than any previous action.
The destruction of the " Mississippi," which had served
on stations all over the world, and bore Perry's broad-
pennant at the opening of Japan to the world, appropri-
ately occurred in the river from which she was named,
and in consequence of a well-sustained action. The whole
affair was creditable in the highest degree, and especially
to Captain M. Smith and his first lieutenant, who had
made the ship so efficient, and who were the last to leave
her. Admiral Porter remarked, " It is in such trying
moments that men show of what metal they are made,
and in this instance the metal was of the very best."
After the destruction of the " Mississippi," Lieutenant
Dewey was ordered to the steam-gun-boat " Agawam,"
of the Atlantic Blockading Squadron, and was engaged
heavily with rebel batteries in August, 1864, for which
Commander Rhind, his officers and men, received the
highest praise in the report of the admiral commanding
to the Navy Department.
Lieutenant Dewey served at both attacks upon Fort
Fisher. He was commissioned lieutenant-commander
March 3, 1865, eleven years after his entry as an act-
ing midshipman. He served in the " Kearsarge," on the
European Station, in 1866. He was transferred to the
"Colorado," frigate, flag-ship, in 1867, and, for some
months, served on board the " Canandaigua," of the same
squadron, showing executive ability of a high order at a
time when it was needed.
During 1868-69 ne was stationed at the Naval Acad-
emy, and then commanded the " Narragansett," on special
service, in 1870-71. On duty at the Torpedo Station in
1872 — just as he was made commander. For the next
three years he was upon the Pacific Survey, in the " Nar-
ragansett," and followed this service by a term as light-
house inspector. He was the secretary of the Light-
House Board from 1877 to 1882. Then he made a
cruise in command of the " Juniata," on the Asiatic Sta-
tion, and was promoted captain in 1884. In that year he
commanded the " Dolphin," and then was in command
of the " Pensacola," the flag-ship of the European Sta-
tion, from 1885 to 188S.
Captain Dewey is now the chief of the Bureau of
Equipment and Recruiting, with the rank of commodore,
having been commissioned, and approved by the Senate,
in 1889.
124
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (.regular)
CAPTAIN JOHN W. DILLENBACK, U.S.A.
( \ i tain John \V. Dillenback (First Artillery) was
born in New York; appointed from New York ; enlisted
in Company G, Tenth New York ] [eavy Artillery, August
7, 1S62; served in the defences of Washington, D. C,
until August, 1863; commissioned by the President
captain in the Fourth U. S. Colored Infantry August,
1865; commanded battalion on recruiting and picket
duty at Williamsburg, Virginia, to April, 1864; on
duty at Point Lookout, Maryland, till May, 1864-
n ;agi d in the operations of the Army of the James for
the capture of Petersburg, Virginia, till June 15, 1864;
severely wounded while charging a battery in the de-
fences of Petersburg, Virginia, June 15, 1864; engaged
in repelling attack on Fort Harrison, Virginia, Septem-
ber 30, 1864; with hist expedition under General Butler
for the capture of Fort Fisher, North Carolina, Decem-
ber, 1864; engaged in the operations that resulted in the
capture of Fort Fisher, North Carolina, January 15, 1864;
wounded in charge on works on Sugar-Loaf, North
Carolina, in the advance on Wilmington, North Carolina,
February 1 r, 1865 ; with General Sherman's army at the
capture of Raleigh and surrender of General Johnston's
army; served in North Carolina till the autumn of 1865 ;
commanded successively Forts Mahan and Stanton, near
Washington, D. C, until April, 1S66; was brevetted
major and lieutenant-colonel of volunteers for gallant
and meritorious services during the war, and honorably
mustered out of volunteer service April 11, 1866; was
appointed second lieutenant, First U. S. Artillery, Feb-
ruary 23, 1866; first lieutenant May 1, 1866; was with
light batteries of regiment in New Orleans, and Browns-
ville, Texas, to May, 1867; at Artillery School, Fort
Monroe, Virginia, and graduated May, 1869; disbursing
officer, Freedmen's Branch, Adjutant-General's Depart-
ment, in Savannah, Georgia, and Charleston, South
Carolina, from 1872 until October, 1874; appointed
regimental quartermaster March I, 1875, and served as
such to June 30, 1882, when he was promoted to captain,
First U. S. Artillery; stationed at Fort Adams, Rhode
Inland, from 1S75 to December, 1881 ; on duty in the
harbor of San Francisco, California, from 1881 to May
1890, when ordered to Fort Hamilton, New York harbor ;
assigned to command of Light Battery K, First Artillery,
January 25, 1889, and still retains command of it at Fort
I [amilton, New York harbor.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
125
CAPTAIN EUGENE D. DIMM1CK, U.S.A.
Captain Eugene D. Dimmick (Ninth Cavalry) was
born in Athens, New York, July 31, 1S40. He entered
the volunteer service at the commencement of the war oi
the Rebellion as a private in Company G, Second New
Jersey State Militia, April 26, 1 86 1, and was discharged
July 31, 1 86 1. He re-entered the volunteer service as
first sergeant of Company M, Fifth New York Cavalry,
October 7, 1861, and was appointed second lieutenant of
that regiment Ma)- 9, 1862, and promoted first lieutenant
October 10, 1862. He participated in the campaigns of
the Army of the Potomac, and was engaged in the actions
of Harrisonburgh and Culpeper, battles of Cedar Moun-
tain (commanding company), second Bull Run (escort to
General Banks), South Mountain, Antietam, Brandy
Station, and Chantilly; actions of Warrenton Junction,
Thoroughfare Gap, Beverly Ford, and Hanover Junction ;
battle of Gettysburg, and actions of Boonsborough and
Hagerstown, where he was severely wounded, taken
prisoner, and released.
He was promoted captain July 5, 1863, and in Novem-
ber he was discharged for disability arising from wounds.
He again entered the service, as second lieutenant of the
Eighteenth Regiment Veteran Reserve Corps, February,
[864, and served at Albany, New York, and on the
Canada border during the Fenian raids, and was mustered
out June 30, 1866.
Captain Dimmick entered the regular service as second
lieutenant of the Ninth Cavalry August 9, 1867, and
joined his regiment in Texas, where he served from 1867
to 1875, and was then ordered to change station with his
regiment to the Department of the Missouri, he taking
station first at Fort Wallace, Kansas. lie was at Fort
Lyon, Colorado, in 1876, and then was changed to Fort
Union, New Mexico, where he served in 1877-78. He
participated in the campaign against Victorio in 1879-80,
through New Mexico, Arizona, and Old Mexico. He
was after that detailed on recruiting service in 1882-84,
subsequently returning to Fort Riley, where he was
during the years 1884-85.
Lieutenant Dimmick was promoted first lieutenant
Ninth Cavalry January 10, 1870, and captain October 25,
1883. He participated in the Boomer campaign, Indian
Territory, and was then transferred to Fort McKinney,
Wyoming, in 1885. He commanded a battalion (D and
H Troop, Ninth Cavalry) at the affair at Crow Agency,
Montana, November 5, 1887, when " Sword-Bearer" was
killed.
126
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular
COLONEL AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL ABNER
DOUBLEDAY, U.S.A. (retired).
Colonel and Brevet Major-General Abner
Doi bledai was born at Ballston Spa, New York, and
iduated from the Military Academy in the Class of
1842. IK- was then promoted brevet second lieutenant
of the Third Artillery, serving three years in this grade,
when he was promoted second lieutenant of the First
Artillery February 20, [845, and first lieutenant March
3. |S47-
lie served during the war with Mexico, being engaged
in the battle of Monterey, September, 1846, and in the
operations connected with the battle of Buena Vista,
February 22—23, 1847.
At the close of the Mexican War the United States
government purchased < California for three million dollars,
rving from this sum sufficient money to compensate
our merchants residing in Mexico whose property had
been illegally confiscated by the authorities there. A
Cuban, named George A. Gardner, of English descent,
claimed to be an American citizen. He a erted that the
President of Mexico had directed that the entrance to a
mine belonging to him, worth eight hundred thousand
dollars, should be blown up. He was awarded (in 1852)
five hundred thousand dollars. After the money was
paid, President Fillmore bi 1 ame i onvinced that Gardner
never owned a mine in Mexico, but there was such a
strong 1 m for him, and he was so strongly supported
politically, that it became ne< essary to take extraordinary
measures. A special commission was sent to Me
with a distinguished lawyer at the head. It included our
secretary oflegation, an expert in Spanish jurisprudence,
one officer of the army, and one of the navy. Lieul
ant Doubleday represented the army. In consequi
of their report, Gardner was ultimately o I, he
having supported his claim by perjury and forged docu-
ments, and committed suicide in court by swallowing a
roll of strychnine.
Lieutenant Doubleday was promoted to a captaincy
March 3, 1855, and was engaged in hostilities with the
Florida Indians in 1856-58. He was second in command
at Fort Sumter, South Carolina, at the time of its first
bombardment, April 12-14, 1 86 1, on which occasion he
aimed the first gun of the war on the side of the Union ;
he was appointed major of the Seventeenth Infantry
May 14. 1 861, and participated in the Shenandoah cam-
paign, under General Patterson, in 1861; he was ap-
pointed brigadier-general of volunteers February 3,
[862, and participated in the campaign of the Arm}- of
the Potomac, being engaged in the battles of Groveton,
second Bull Run, South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericks-
burg, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg; having been pro-
moted major-general of volunteers November 29, 1S62.
While in camp near Fredericksburg, Virginia, he was
sent with two regiments to make a demonstration against
Port Conway, on the lower Rappahannock, with a view
to attack the enemy in that direction, and thus facilitate
the crossing of General Hooker's army above, April
20-2 t, 1863 ; on July I he went forward to Gettysburg,
by order of General Reynolds, to reinforce Buford's cav-
alry, who were holding the ridge west of the Seminary,
and General Reynolds being killed, General Doubleday
took his place, acting for some hours in command of the
field, when General Howard made his presence known. On
this occasion the First Corps captured Archer's brigade,
the greater part 1 if 1 )a\ is's brigade, and almost annihilated
Iverson's brigade. The second day General Doubleday's
division, with a brigade under General Stannard, was
sent to assist in regaining the position which the enemy
had taken; he followed them up and retook six guns
which they had captured. When Pickett's grand charge
advanced on the third davit exposed the right flank, and
General Doubleday s front line, under General Stannard,
wheeled, threw themselves upon the vulnerable point,
and disordered the enemy's advance to such an extent
that they were easily repulsed.
General Doubleday was promoted lieutenant-colonel
Seventeenth U. S. Infantry September 20, 1863; honor-
ably mustered out of volunteer service August 24, 1865 ;
mel Thirty-fifth U. S. Infantry September 15, 1867;
assigned to the Twenty-fourth I'. S. Infantry December
15, 1870. He was made brevet lieutenant-colonel Sep-
tember 17, 1862, for gallant and meritorious services in
the battle of Antietam, Maryland; brevet colonel July
2, 1863, for gallant and meritorious services in the
of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania; brevet brigadier-
and major-general March 13, 1865, for gallant and meri-
torious services during the war.
He was retired from active service, at his own request,
December 11, 1 873.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
127
COLONEL HENRY DOUGLASS, U.S.A. (retired).
Colonel Henry Douglass was born in New York-
March 9, 1827, and graduated from the Military Acad-
emy in the Class of 1852, when lie was promoted brevet
second lieutenant of the Seventh Infantry. He was pro-
moted second lieutenant of the Eighth Infantry December
31, 1S53. Upon the organization of the Ninth Infantry,
in 1855, he was transferred to that regiment March 3, and
gained his first lieutenancy September 10, 1856. He
served in garrison at Newport Barracks, Kentucky, Fort
Monroe, Virginia, and on frontier duty.
He was detailed as assistant professor of drawing at
the Military Academy January 16, 1858, and served there
until July 2, 1861, having been promoted captain of the
Eighteenth Infantry May 14, 1861. He entered the field
during the war of the Rebellion, and participated in the
battle of first Bull Run, July 21, i86[, and then served
in the defences of Washington to October of that year.
He joined his regiment in the Army of the West, partici-
pating in the Tennessee and Mississippi campaigns and
the actions connected therewith from February until June,
1 S62. He then served with the army under General Buell,
through Mississippi, Alabama, Tennessee, and Kentucky,
from June to September, 1862, being engaged in the skir-
mish near Chaplin Hills, and in the battle of Perryville,
October 8, 1S62. He also participated in the actions
under General Rosecrans, in his Tennessee campaign, from
November, 1S62, to April, 1863, ami was engaged in the
battle of Stone River, where he was wounded.
Captain Douglass was then detailed on the recruiting
service from April to September, 1863, and on mustering
and disbursing duty at Cleveland, Ohio, from December,
1863, to January, 1864, and was in charge of chief mus-
tering and disbursing office of the State of Ohio from
September, 1864, to June, 1866. He had the brevet of
major conferred upon him December 31,1 862, for " gallant
and meritorious services in the battle of Murfreesborough,
Tennessee."
He was promoted major of the Third Infantry July 28,
1866, upon the reorganization of the army, and served on
frontier stations. Upon the consolidation of regiments,
in 1869, he was unassigned, March 15, but placed on duty
as superintendent of Indian affairs for the State of Nevada,
which position he occupied until January 1, 1871, when
he was assigned to the Eleventh Infantry. He was pro-
moted lieutenant-colonel of the Fourteenth Infantry Jan-
uary 10, iS76,and served with his regiment at Fort Cam-
eron, Utah, cantonment on the LTncompahgre, Colorado,
and Fort Townsend, Washington, until promoted colonel
of the Tenth Infantry July 1, 1885, when he joined his
regiment in New Mexico, and served at Fort LTnion, Fort
Bliss, Texas, and Santa Fe until retired, by operation of
law, March 9, 188 I.
Colonel Douglass is at the present time making his
home at Barnegat Park, New Jersey.
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN PERCIVAL DRAYTON, U.S.N.
(HI ceased).
Captain Percival Drayton, an officer of recognized
ability and conduct in every position in which he was
placed, was horn in South Carolina, coming of a well-
known and influential family. His father was the Hon-
orable William Drayton, M.C.
Percival Drayton was appointed midshipman, from
South Carolina, in December, 1X27, and became a lieu-
tenant in the navy on February 28, 1838.
After the usual varied service of the younger officers
of his grade, including a period at tile Naval Observa-
tory at Washington, he was promoted to commander in
1S55. When the Paraguay expedition was organized, in
1S5S, he became the aid, or fleet-captain, of Commodore
Shubrick, returning with him to the United States when
a satisfactory settlement was had. From i860 to the
outbreak of the Civil War, he was upon ordnance duty
in Philadelphia, where many of his family resided. He
was, however, strongly bound by family ties to the
seceding States. He never wavered, however, but de-
clared his allegiance to the flag under which he had
served for a third of a century.
In the naval expedition which resulted in the capture
of Port Royal he commanded the steamer " Pocahontas,''
of Dupont's squadron, while his brother, General T. F.
Drayton, commanded the Confederate troops at Hilton
Head Island, and fought the principal batteries opposed
to the squadron. Such instances were not rare during
that war.
After the capture of Port Royal he was transferred to
the " Pawnee," and on July 16, 1862, upon his promotion
to captain, was ordered to command the new Ericsson
monitor " Passaic."
In this vessel he took part in the bombardment of
Fort McAllister, and in Dupont's attack upon Fort
Sumter.
He was next ordered as fleet-captain of the West Gulf
Squadron under I^arragut, and served in the flag-ship
" Hartford" at the battle of Mobile Bay, August 5, 1864.
He particularly distinguished himself as Farragut's chief
of staff, as the detailed accounts of this remarkable action
show.
He was appointed chief of the Bureau of Navigation
on April 28, 1865, but died on August 4, 1865, at Wash-
ington.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
129
BRIGADIER-GENERAL RICHARD CAULTER DRUM,
U.S.A. (retired).
Brigadier-General Richard Caulter Drum was
born at Greensborougli, Westmoreland County, Pennsyl-
vania, May 28, 1825. His military history commenced
with his enrollment as a private in Company K, First
Pennsylvania Volunteers, December 8, 1846, with which
he served during the siege of Vera Cruz. He was ap-
pointed second lieutenant Ninth Infantry February 18,
1847, and served with that regiment during active oper-
ations in Mexico, participating in the battles of Contreras,
Churubusco, Molino del Rey, Chapultepec, Garita Belen,
and capture of City of Mexico.
He was transferred to Fourth Artillery March 8, 184S,
and returned with that regiment at the close of the war,
serving immediately after in .Alabama, Florida, and Loui-
siana, when he was sent to the light batter)' at Fort
Leavenworth September 30, 1850, and thence to Fort
Columbus May 23, 185 1. He conducted, by the over-
land route, recruits from New York to Jefferson Barracks,
and thence to E"ort Kearney, returning July 30, 1851,
and joined his company at Governor's Island.
At the threatened secession of South Carolina in 1851
he went with his company to Fort Johnston, North
Carolina, where he remained until June 6, 1852, when he
was ordered to Fort Brady, Michigan, and was stationed
there until October, 1853, at which time he was assigned
to the light batten- at Fort Leavenworth.
In May, 1855, he acted as quartermaster and commis-
sary to the battalion of the Sixth Infantry in its march
from Leavenworth to Kearney, in July ; returned to
Leavenworth and joined company temporarily armed
as mounted riflemen, and served with it against hostile
Sioux Indians, participating in the action of Blue Water
September 3, 1855. On the 24th of October, 1855, he
was appointed aide-de-camp to General W. S. Harney,
commander of the expedition, to June 30, 1856. He
commanded a detail of light artillery during the Kansas
troubles in 1856, and was acting depot quartermaster at
Fort Leavenworth. He was appointed aide-de-camp to
General Persifor F. Smith, commanding Department of
the West, and acting assistant adjutant-general at head-
quarters of that department until the death of General
Smith, in May, 1S5S, when he joined his company at the
Artillery School, Fort Monroe, Virginia, June, 1858.
From September, 1S58, to January, i860, was adjutant
of the school and ordnance officer until March, 1861,
when he was appointed assistant adjutant-general, and
assigned, at the request of General Sumner, to duty at
the Head-quarters Department of the Pacific, where he
continued to serve until October, 1866. He reported
to General Meade November 1, 1866, and continued
at Head-quarters Department of the East till January,
1 868, when he accompanied General Meade to Head-
quarters Third Military District, Atlanta, Georgia. On
the 20th of March, 1869, he was assigned to the Division
of the Atlantic, Philadelphia, where he continued to serve
until the death of Major-General Meade, November, 1872,
when he reported to Major-General Hancock at New
York.
In November, 1873, General Drum was assigned to
duty with Lieutenant-General Sheridan, and remained at
Head-quarters Division of the Missouri until May, 1878,
when he was assigned to duty in adjutant-general's
office, Washington, D. C.
He was appointed adjutant-general of the army June
15, 1880, and was retired under the law May 28, 1889.
General Drum's present residence is at Washing-
ton, D. C.
W
130
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
LIEUTENANT -COLONEL WILLIAM F. DRUM, U.S.A.
Lieutenant-Colonel William F. Drum (Twelfth
Infant]')') was born on Governor's Island, New York,
November i6, 1833. He is the son of Captain Simon
A. Drum, Fourth Artillery, who fell while commanding
his battery at the Helen Gate, City of Mexico, Septem-
ber 13, 1S47. He was at Owatonna, Minnesota, in the
spring of 1861, and, at their request, drilled young men
for the volunteer service; he then proceeded to Wash-
ington, D. C, in May, 1861, and made application for
commission in regular army; he was commissioned by
Governor of Ohio to raise a company of three years'
volunteers; while so engaged at Springfield, Ohio,
received appointment in regular army, and resigned
State appointment.
I [e was commissioned second lieutenant of the Second
United States Infantry August 5, [ 86 1, having partici-
pated as a private of Company F, Second Ohio Volun-
teers, in the battle of first Bull Run, July 21, iNf.i, and
discharged July 3 1 , [861. lie joined the Second United
States Infantry in Washington, and there was employed
with his regiment on provost duty until his regiment
took the field with the Army of the Potomac in [862,
and was engaged at the siege of Yorktown, battles of
Gaines' Mill, Malvern Hill, second Bull Run, Antietam,
action of Shepherdstown Lord, and battles of Fred-
ericksburg and Chancellorsville; and with reserve at
the battles of Hanover Court-House, Mechanicsville, and
White Oak Swamp; engaged at the operations at Mine
Run, and with reserve at the battles of Rappahannock
Station and Bristoe Station. He was promoted first
lieutenant l >. tober 9, 1861, and captain May 1, 1863.
Colonel Drum was detailed as acting inspector of the
Provost-Marshal's Department of the State of Wiscon-
sin in May, 1863, and remained on that duty until July
of the same year, when he rejoined his company in the
Army of the Potomac, but was shortly transferred with
his regiment to New York City, where he participated in
quelling the draft riots. He was then detailed on duty
in New York harbor, and appointed inspector of the
Prison Camp at Elmira, New York, until February,
[864, when he joined his regiment in the Army of the
Potomac, and was present at the battles of the Wilder-
ness, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Tolopotomy, Bethesda
Church, Petersburg, Weldon Railroad, Poplar Grove
Church, and First Hatcher's Run; he was appointed
lieutenant-colonel of the Fifth New York Volunteers
April 1, [865, and was engaged at the battle of Five
Forks, Virginia, and the subsequent capitulation of Lee's
army at Appomattox Court-House April 9, 1865. He
was made a brevet major U.S.A. for gallant services
during the campaign of 1 864 before Richmond, Virginia;
brevet lieutenant-colonel U.S.A. for gallant and merito-
rious services at the battle of Five Points, Virginia.
At the close of the war Colonel Drum was on duty
guarding mustered-out troops at Hart's Island, from
June to August, [865, when he was mustered out of the
volunteer service and joined his company at Fort Ham-
ilton, New York harbor. He was in November, 1865,
transferred with his company to Louisville, Kentucky,
where he was detailed as acting assistant adjutant-gen-
eral, which position he occupied to March, 1869, and
from that time to September, 1876, was on duty with his
company in the States of Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi,
and South Carolina.
He was then ordered on recruiting service duty at
Boston, Massachusetts, from which he was relieved at
his own request in July, 1877, and joined his regiment,
then serving in the Department of the Columbia, where
he participated in the campaigns incident to the Nez
Perces and Bannock wars of 1877-7S. He then returned
to recruiting service in Boston, where he remained to
October, 1SS0. On returning to his regiment he was at
Fort Colville, Washington, and was transferred to the
Department of the Platte, serving with the Fourteenth
Infantry to August, 1883, having been promoted major
of that regiment in June, 1882. He was at Fort Sidney,
Nebraska, until June, [884, when his regiment moved to
the Pacific coast, where he was detailed as acting assist-
ant inspector-general for the Department of the Colum-
bia, but was transferred in that position to the Depart-
ment of Arizona in June, 1NS5, and in August, 1888,
again changed in the same position to the Department
of Dakota, at St. Paul, Minnesota.
He was promoted lieutenant-colonel of the Twelfth
Infantry in December, 1886, but was continued on duty
as acting assistant inspector-general at St. Paul until the
fall of 1 890, when he was relieved and joined his regi-
ment at Fort Yates, North Dakota, his present station.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
•3i
REAR-ADMIRAL SAMUEL ERANCIS DUPONT, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Rear-Admiral Samuel Francis Dupont was born
at Bergen Point, New Jersey September 27, 1803 ; died
in Philadelphia, June 23, 1865 ; grandson of P. S. Dupont
Nemours. Midshipman in the navy at twelve ; lieutenant
April 26, 1826; commander October 28, 1842. In 1845
he was ordered to the Pacific in command of the frigate
" Congress," and during the Mexican War saw much active
service on the California coast. In the " Cyane" he cap-
tured San Diego ; cleared the Gulf of California of Mexi-
can vessels ; took La Paz, the capital of Lower California ;
assisted in the capture of Mazatlan in November, 1847,
and defended Lower California against the Indians and
Mexicans. In February, 1848, he landed at San Jose
with a hundred marines and sailors, and defeated and
dispersed a Mexican force five times as great. Captain
September 14, 1855. Having recommended the occu-
pation of Port Royal as a central harbor or depot on the
Southern coast, he was given the command of the South
Atlantic Blockading Squadron, and intrusted with the
attack on that place. Sailing from Fortress Monroe,
October 29, 1861, in the " Wabash," with a fleet of fifty-
sail of war-vessels and transports, conve)ing General
Sherman's troops, lie arrived off Port Royal November
4 and 5, after a violent storm, and on the 7th attacked
and captured two strong forts on Hilton Head and Bay
Point, which defended the harbor. lie followed up this
advantage vigorously, ami his operations along the
Southern coast were invariably successful. He also suc-
ceeded in making the blockade more effective than before.
July 16, 1862, he was made a rear-admiral on the active
list. In April, 1863, he commanded the fleet which un-
successfully attacked Charleston. He was soon after
relieved of the command of the South Atlantic Block-
ading Squadron, and subsequently held no active com-
mand. Admiral Dupont aided in organizing the Naval
School at Annapolis, and is the author of a report on the
use of floating-batteries for coast-defence, which has been
republished and highly commended in England by Sir
Howard Douglas in his work on naval gunnery.
The history of Dupont de Nemours is a notable and
interesting one. For three generations the name has
been associated with the great powder-mills near Wil-
mington, Delaware, which are carried on upon a grand
scale, with enlightened appreciation of the changes in
explosives required by modern guns. The firm, yet
benevolent, manner in which the employes of this exceed-
ingly hazardous business are managed is worthy of all
praise.
1.32
OFFICERS OF TFIF ARMY AXD XAVY {regular)
COMMANDER GEORGE R. DURANl). U.S.N.
Commander George R. Durand was born in Con-
necticut. Appointed from Rhode Island, and rated
master's mate, October 26, 1861 ; steamer "Mystic,"
North Atlantic Blockading Squadron, part of 1861-62.
Appointed acting master April 14, 1862; executive,
b amer " Mohawk," South Atlantic Blockading Squad-
ron, part of 1862-63, and commanding same vessel latter
half of 1863; executive, sloop "John Adams" and steamer
" Paul Jones," part of 1864, same squadron ; in July, 1864,
while on an expedition up the Ogeechee River, Georgia,
with two men and a guide, to endeavor to burn the
steamer " Water-Witch," latch' captured from us by the
enemy, was captured by a company of Confederates,
thirty-four men ; was confined in Savannah and Macon,
Georgia, Charleston, South Carolina, and I.ibby Prison,
Richmond, Virginia ; navigator, then executive, steamer
" Muscoota," Gulf Squadron, 1865-66. Promoted to
acting volunteer lieutenant June 27, 1866; executive,
steamer "Penobscot," New York, latter part of 1866;
navigator, then executive, steamer " Osceola," West
Indies, 1867; executive, steamer " Maumee," 1867-68.
Commissioned as master in regular navy from March 12,
[868; receiving-ship " New Hampshire," Norfolk, 1868;
navigator, steamer " Ashuelot," Asiatic Squadron, 1869.
Commissioned as lieutenant, from December 18, (868;
receiving-ships " Vermont," at New York, and " Van-
dal ia," at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 1870; command-
ing steamer "Speedwell," at Portsmouth, New Hamp-
shire, 1871 ; executive, steamer " Nipsic," Gulf and West
Indies, [871—72; receiving-ships "Vermont," at New
York, and " Ohio," at Boston, [873; again commanding
steamer "Speedwell," at Portsmouth, New Hampshire,
part of [873—74; receiving-ship " Ohio," 1874; com-
manding iron-clad steamer " Mahopac," North Atlantic
Station, [874—76; iron-clad steamer " Canonieus," New
< Means, part of 1 S74 ; receiving-ship" Wabash," Boston,
1S77. Commissioned as lieutenant-commander, from
November 25, 1877; commanding iron-clad steamer
"Lehigh," North Atlantic Station, [877—82; executive,
"Alliance," North Atlantic Station, [883—86; iron-clads,
James River, [886-89. Promoted to commander March,
1889; Light-House Inspector 1889-90.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
COMMANDER N. MAYO DYER, U.S.N.
Commander N. Mayo Dyer entered the volunteer navy
in 1861 as a master's mate and served in that grade in
the Western Gulf Squadron until he was, for gallant and
meritorious conduct, promoted to acting ensign May 18,
1863, and appointed to command the " Eugenie," after-
wards called the " Glasgow," blockading off Mobile and
despatch duty. January 12, 1864, promoted to acting
master in consideration of gallant and faithful service;
July, 1864, granted two months' leave; but relinquished
it uiiiin arriving at New Orleans en route north, upon
learning of the near prospect of an attack upon the
Mobile forts. Returning off Mobile, and soliciting orders,
he was assigned to the " Metacomet" July 19, 1864, in
which vessel, as the consort of the " Hartford," took part
in the passage of the forts and the capture of the rebel
fleet, receiving the surrender of the " Selma" in person.
Upon the surrender of Fort Morgan he accepted his
leave, before relinquished, and upon his return therefrom,
October 28, 1864, was ordered to the " Hartford," flag-
ship of Admiral Farragut. Upon that vessel's return
north, December, 1864, Master Dyer was appointed to
the command of the U. S. S. " Rodolph," with which
command he co-operated with the forces under General
Granger during the winter of 1864-65, in their operation
against Mobile from Pascagoula, rendering important
service in this connection in Mississippi Sound and Pas-
cagoula River. In the advance upon the defences of
Mobile in the spring of [865 via Blakely, his vessel, the
" Rodolph," was sunk by a torpedo in Blakely River
April 1, 1865.
April 22, 1865, Master Dyer was promoted to an
acting volunteer lieutenant, and upon the surrender of
the rebel fleet under Commodore Farrand, in the Tom-
bigbee River, May 10, 1865, Lieutenant Dyer was selected
to command successively two of the surrendered vessels,
the " Black Diamond" and " Morgan ;" appointed to
i ommand the " Elk" in June, 1865, and in July ordered
to command the " Stockdale," and proceed t<> Mississippi
Sound for the protection of the people along that shore,
and to " cultivate friendly relations with the people lately
in rebellion;" September, 1 865, " Stockdale" was ordered
to New Orleans to be sold, and Lieutenant Dyer was
transferred to the " Mahaska" at Apalachicola, Florida ;
in October detached from the " Mahaska" and ordered
to command the " Glasgow" at Pensacola; April, 1866,
detached and ordered north to report to the Bureau of
Navigation; on special duty in that bureau until May,
1868.
Commissioned a lieutenant in the regular navy March
12, 1 868; July, 1868, ordered to the " Dacotah," South
Pacific Squadron, joining at Valparaiso August 27.
December 18, 1868, commissioned as lieutenant-com-
mander; the "Dacotah" being ordered to San Fran-
cisco, upon her arrival there Lieutenant-Commander
Dyer was ordered, September, 1869, to command the
"Cyane," and proceed to Sitka, Alaska, where he re-
mained until March, 1870, from whence he was ordered
to San Francisco to join the " Pensacola ;" ordered to
" Ossipee" July, 1870, on a short cruise to Lower Cali-
fornia and the Mexican coast. While the " Ossipee" was
proceeding north from the Mexican coast, she encoun-
tered a hurricane, which left the sea in a troubled state,
and in the morning, whilst making a sail, a man fell oxer-
board from the maintopsail-yard, the halyards carrying
him away while hoisting topsails. Striking in the
main-chains he was knocked senseless, and was drifting
astern.
Commander Dyer was taking an observation on the
poop-deck, and, immediately turning a bowline in the end
of a boat-fall, jumped into the sea and saved the man from
sharks or drowning. For this he was publicly thanked by
Commodore W. R. Taylor, commander-in-chief, and re-
ceived a medal, etc. In September to the South Pacific
Station; detached and ordered home August 22, 1S71 ;
November 7, 1 871 , ordered to Boston Navy- Yard; Sep-
tember 1, 1873, to Torpedo School at Newport; No-
vember 24 to command torpedo-boat " Mayflower" at
Norfolk, for duty on the North Atlantic Station ; April
IO, 1874, transferred to command of the " Pinta ;" Feb-
ruary, 1876, detached from the " Pinta" and ordered to
the " New Hampshire" as executive-officer for perma-
nent flag-ship at Port Royal. He was detached from the
"New Hampshire" in December, 1876, and was next
upon equipment duty at the Boston Navy- Yard. " Wa-
bash," receiving-ship, 1880-81. " Tennessee," North At-
lantic Station, 1881-83. Promoted commander April,
1883; light-house inspector 1883-87; commanded the
" Marion," Asiatic Station, 1887-90.
'34
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY [regular)
C MM M\ AND BREVET MAJOR CHANDLER P. EAKIN,
U.S.A. (retired).
Captain and Brevet Major Chandler P. Eakin
was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, December 26,
1836. He entered the volunteer service at the com-
mencement of the war of the Rebellion as private of an
independent company of Pennsylvania heavy artillery
April 24, 1861, and was discharged June 25, 1861. He
entered the regular service as second lieutenant of the
First Artillery August 5, [861, and was- promoted first
lieutenant October 26, 1861. He served with his com-
pany in Maryland to ( Ictober, 1861. He participated in
the campaigns of the Army of the Potomac in 1862-63,
and was engaged at the siege of Yorktown and battles of
Williamsburg (where he was severely wounded) and
Gettysburg, where he was again severely wounded.
lie joined his battery in January, [864, and w;
recruiting duty from April, [864, to January, 1865, when
he joined and commanded his battery in front of Peters-
bur-, Virginia, and participated in General Sheridan's
march to North Carolina. He was brevetted captain for
" gallant and meritorious services in the battle of Wil-
liamsburg," and major for " gallant and meritorious ser-
vices in the battle of Gettysburg."
On July 28, 1 866, he was appointed captain of the
Forty-second Infantry, which he declined, and eight
years afterwards (October 1, 1S74) became captain in the
hirst Artillery.
Captain Eakin was at Fort Schuyler, New York, from
< >< lober, 1S65, to April, 1866, and then was detailed on
recruiting duty at Philadelphia, and on court-martial duty
in New York City, to January, 1868. He was at Fortress
Monroe to November, 1S6S, and at McPherson Barracks,
Georgia, to December of the same year, at which time
he was ordered to the Artillery School of Fortress
Monroe. Leaving here in May, 1869, his lot carried
him to the posts of New York harbor until November,
1 87 j, when a change of stations occurred, and he was
stationed first at Key West, and subsequently at Bar-
rancas, Florida, at which latter place he was in 1874,
during the yellow-fever epidemic. Here his old wounds
reopened, and he was taken to New ( Irleans, and thence
to his home in Philadelphia, where he remained on sick-
leave until December, 1S75, when he rejoined his battery
at Fort Adams. In July, 1876, he was sent to Fort Sill,
Indian Territory, during the Sioux war of that year, and
in December following was stationed at Washington
Barracks, D. C. ; and in 1877 was ordered to Fort
Adams, from which point he moved to Philadelphia,
thence to Reading, and finally to Mauch Chunk, taking
part in quelling the mining riots of that year, after which
he returned to Fort Adams.
Captain Eakin, with his battery, participated in the
Yorktown celebration in 1881, and in the fall of that
year changed stations to California, serving at Fort Point,
Fort Canby, and the Presidio of San Francisco, from
which point he was retired for disability in the line of
duty January 14, 1SS8.
Major Eakin is the son of Lieutenant C. M. Eakin,
Second Artillery, and grandson of Paymaster Samuel H.
Eakin, U. S. Army.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
135
CAPTAIN FREDERICK H. E. EBSTEIN. U.S.A.
Captain Frederick H. E. Ebstein (Twenty-first
Infantry) was born at Militsch, Prussia, April 21, 1847;
educated at the Poughkeepsie (New York) Collegiate
Institute. He entered the military service November 18,
1864, at the age of seventeen, as a private in Company H,
Fourth United States Infantry. He joined his regiment
in the field in Virginia, and served with it there till the
close of the war. Subsequently, as a corporal and ser-
geant, he served at Batter)- Barracks, New York ; Fort
Schuyler, New York harbor, and Fort Wayne, Michigan.
Later he became chief clerk at head-quarters of the
Departments of the Ohio and of the Lakes.
He was appointed second lieutenant of the Eighteenth
Infantry September 12, 1867, joining his regiment at Fort
Fetterman, Wyoming ; serving later at Fort Sedgwick,
Colorado, and Atlanta, Georgia. While on the plains he
participated in several scouts against hostile Sioux.
He was placed on waiting orders by the consolidation
of regiments in 1860, but was in Jul}- of the same year
assigned to the Twenty- first Infantry, joining Company H
at Camp Date Creek, Arizona, and was engaged in post
and scouting duty in that Territory during the three years
follow ing.
Being transferred to San Juan Island, Washington
Territory, in 1872, he received, on behalf of the United
States, the British property on that island, upon the with-
drawal of the British troops.
He was promoted first lieutenant February 19, [873,
and served at Fort Klamath, Oregon, until June, 1876,
when he was appointed regimental quartermaster, and
ordered to Fort Vancouver, Washington Territory. In
the summer and fall of 1877 he participated in the expe-
dition against hostile Nez Perces, as chief quartermaster
on the staff of General O. O. Howard, and was present
at the engagements at Cottonwood (Ravine), Idaho, and
Camas Meadows, Montana. On being relieved, he re-
ceived the following complimentary order : " The general
commanding takes this opportunity to express his satis-
faction at the efficient manner in which Lieutenant Ebstein
has discharged the duties of chief quartermaster of this
expedition."
In the summer of 1S78 he was again in the field against
the Bannock Indians, serving as chief quartermaster on
the staff of General O. O. Howard, and participated in
the engagement at Umatilla Agency, Oregon. Return-
ing to Fort Vancouver, he resumed duty at that post as
regimental and post quartermaster until September 30,
1880, when he resigned his regimental staff appointment
to accept the recruiting detail.
He served as depot adjutant, David's Island, New York
harbor, to October, 1S82 ; then travelled in Europe during
the winter of [882-83, and subsequently served at Fort
Canby and Vancouver Barracks, Washington, and was
subsequently transferred with his regiment to Fort Sid-
ney, Nebraska, in 1884.
He became captain April 1, 1885, and served in the
field at Crisfield, Kansas, as acting assistant adjutant-
general of the troops assembled there during the Cheyenne
troubles in 18S5, and again in the fall of the same year
in command of his company at Rock Springs, Wyoming,
during the anti-Chinese riots. He participated also in
the camps of instruction at Kearney, Nebraska, 1888, and
Fort Robinson, Nebraska, 1889.
In addition to the above-mentioned service, Captain
Ebstein has performed duty as issuing commissary for the
Apache-Mojave and Apache-Yuma Indians; as quarter-
master, commissary, and adjutant at various posts; as
acting assistant adjutant-general, District of the Lakes,
and as disbursing quartermaster at head-quarters, Depart-
ment of the Columbia. He has performed the duties of
judge-advocate of numerous important courts-martial
and courts of inquiry; was recorder of the court of
inquiry appointed by the President at Jefferson Barracks,
Missouri, to investigate the causes of desertions; was on
duty under the War Department in connection with the
establishment of canteens at military posts ; member of
boards of examination for promotion of non-commis-
sioned officers, and president of board of officers at Fort
Snelling, to prepare a system of book-keeping for post
canteens. In the winter of 1890 he participated, in com-
mand of his company, in the Sioux campaign.
Captain Ebstein's present station is with his company
at Fort Sidnev, Nebraska.
ij6
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
MAJOR WILLIAM FRANCIS EDGAR, U.S.A. (retired).
Major William Francis Edgar was horn in Ken-
tucky, and entered the regular service as first lieutenant
and assistant surgeon March 2, 1849. His first duty
was .it Jefferson Barracks, Missouri, and he then accom-
panied the Second United States Dragoons on the march
fnmi that place to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, lie was
next ordered with the Mounted Rifles on the march
overland to Oregon, and subsequently in an expedition
to Utah, and at Fort Hall (Cantonment Loring), Rocky
Mountains, up to April, 1850. He served in Oregon
and Washington Territories to April, [851, and partici-
pated in an expedition against the Rogue River Indians
with the First Dragoons (Major Philip Kearney's expe-
dition), and thence en route to California, to August
1851.
The doctor was then stationed at Sonoma and Benicia,
California, with the First Dragoons and Second Infantry,
and at Camp Miller, head-waters San Joaquin River,
with the Second Infantry. From this point he accom-
panied the Second Infantry in an expedition against hos-
tile Indians in the Yosemite Valley and Sierra Nevada
Mountains, t<> September, 1852. lie was then stationed
at Fort Reading, head-waters of the Sacramento River,
with the Fourth Infantry, and took the field with the
First Dragoons en route to establish Fort Tejon.in South-
ern California. The doctor was partially paralyzed on
the left side, on returning to camp on the morning of
December 9, 1N54, after unusual exertion while being
exposed all the previous night to the intense cold of a
mountain snow-storm, and an injury of the left hip and
lower part of the spine, from the falling of a horse while
cut searching, with a teamster, for a wounded soldier.
He was promoted captain ami assistant surgeon March
2, 1854, and in April, I S 5 5 , was en route to Washington,
and subsequently assigned to duty at Jefferson Barracks,
with the Second Cavalry. His service here was of tem-
porary duration, for, in September of the same year, he-
was en route to Texas by sea. In 1856 he was at the
Head-quarters Department, Texas, from which he was
ordered with the Second Artillery by sea and stationed
with that regiment in Florida for a short while, when he
was ordered to New York by sea, with the sick of the
troops serving in Florida.
The doctor was stationed at Fort Wood, New York
harbor, until \'. S57, when he was detailed for duty in the
office of the medical purveyor at New York City. He
was then ordered to accompany recruits to California
and was stationed at Fort Miller, with the Third Artil-
lery, but was subsequently changed to the Presidio of San
Francisco, and afterwards to Benicia. He participated
in an expedition with the First Dragoons against the
Mojave Indians on the Colorado River in 1858, and in an
expedition against the same in Arizona in 1859, with the
Sixth Infantry and Third Artillery, and then stationed at
Camp Prentice, California, and San Diego, with part of
the Fourth and Sixth Regiments of Infantry until No-
vember, 1 86 1.
These regiments being ordered east, to take part in the
war of the Rebellion, the doctor was ordered to accom-
pany them by sea to New York, and thence to Washing-
ton, D.C. He was promoted major and surgeon May
24, 1861, and upon arrival at Washington was ordered
to duty with General Buell's army in Kentucky, and was
given charge of the General Hospital, Number 4, in
Louisville. He was medical director of the district of
Cairo, Illinois, to 1862, when he was taken sick on ac-
count of feeble health, resulting from former injuries.
Upon replying to an inquiry regarding field duty at that
tunc, "that a surgical operation was necessary first," he
was ordered before a retiring board and retired from
active duty " for disability in the line of duty." Fie was
then placed on duty in the medical director's office of
the Department of the East, as assistant medical director,
and while there was member of the board examining
applicants for admission to the medical corps of the
army. The doctor performed various other duties, and
was sent once more to California by sea, in March, 1866;
but upon his own application was relieved from duty
May 21, 1869, for one year, and in consequence of the
act of Congress of 1870 was not again assigned to duty.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
137
COMMODORE HENRY ERBEN, U.S.N.
Commodore Henry Erben is a native of the city of
New York, and was appointed midshipman in June,
1 848, from that city. He was ordered to the frigate " St.
Lawrence," and served in that fine vessel from July,
1S4S, to July, 1853 ; was on duty on the Coast Survey in
1854, and at the Naval Academy in 1855. He became
passed midshipman the same year. While serving in the
"Potomac" frigate, in 1855, he was made master, and
ordered to the prize filibuster bark " Amelia," which had
been captured at Porto-Prince, Hayti. The officer in
charge was ordered to take her to New York, but, after
seventy days at sea, he arrived at St. Thomas, destitute of
provisions and a wreck. During 1856-57 he was attached
to the store-ship " Supply," employed in bringing camels
for the War Department from Egypt to Texas. He was
made lieutenant in December, 1856. For a part of 1857
he was in the steamer " Vixen," making deep-sea sound-
ings for the Atlantic cable, and in August joined the U.S.S.
" Mississippi," and served in her in the East,— bringing
home the Chinese treat}- in November, 1859. While serv-
ing in the Gulf of Mexico, in the " Supply," he was at
Pensacola when the navy-yard there was surrendered to
the troops of Alabama and Florida. lie assisted in trans-
ferring the troops under Lieutenant Slemmer from Fort
Barrancas to Fort Pickens < m the night of January 9, [861.
On the previous day he had, with a boat's crew, spiked
the guns at Fort MacRea, destroyed material and twenty
thousand pounds of powder. He returned to New York
with the sailors, marines, and workmen of the surrendered
navy-yard.
In March, 1861, he returned to Fort Pickens in the
" Release," and was transferred to the " Huntsville" on
the blockade. In action with rebel gun-boats and bat-
teries at Ship Island, and, in December, off Mobile with
the rebel gun-boat " Florida," which, during the tem-
porary absence of the " Huntsville," had come out in a
calm to destroy the sailing-frigate " Potomac."
He was ordered to the Mississippi River fleet in April,
1862, and commanded iron-clad "St. Louis" at the siege
of Fort Pillow and in action with rebel rams, May, 1862 ;
capture of Memphis in June, 1862. Served on the ad-
miral's staff! Commanded the " Sumter" at the siege of
Vicksburg, and passed the batteries there with Farragut,
July 15, 1862. At the battle of Baton Rouge August 6,
1862, and destruction of rebel ram "Arkansas" August
7, 1862. Lieutenant-commander on July 16, 1862.
He returned to the east to join the naval howitzer
battery in Maryland, with General McClellan, during the
Antietam campaign, and in October, 1862, joined the
monitor " Patapsco" as executive-officer. Engaged at Fort
McAllister in March, 1S63, and attack on forts at Charles-
ton in April, 1863. Steam-frigate " Niagara" on special
18
service on Atlantic coast from November, 1863, to May,
iSf4. In July, [ 864, he was ordered to command monitor
" Chimo" and then the monitor "Tunxis," which vessels
were intended to destroy the ram "Albemarle," but were
found unseaworthy and condemned. In October, 1864,
ordered to command " Ponola," West Gulf Squadron,
and captured, under the guns of batteries at Matagorda,
Texas, the schooner " Dale" and the boats of the torpedo
station, with twenty men; broke up the establishment.
Engaged the batteries at Galveston in attempting the
destruction of a blockade-runner, the " Let Her Be." In
July, 1865, he was ordered home, and was on duty at the
New York Navy-Yard during 1866. From 1867101869
he commanded steamers " 1 Iuron," " Kansas," and " Paw-
nee" on South Atlantic Station. He was commissioned
commander in 1868. During 1871-72 he was upon ord-
nance and rendezvous duty in New York, and in 1873
commanded the monitor " Manhattan" at Key West dur-
ing the critical period of a serious misunderstanding with
Spain.
In 1874-75 Commander Erben was in command of
the "Tuscarora," of the North Pacific Squadron, and
employed in running deep-sea soundings. He then had
a term of shore-duty at the navy-yard, Portsmouth, New
Hampshire; but went to sea again, from 1878 to 1882, in
command of the nautical school-ship " St. Mary's." He
was promoted captain in 1879, and commanded the " Pen-
sacola," in 188^-84, in cruise around the world. He then
had another turn of duty at the Portsmouth Navy-Yard,
and then was on special duty at New York for three
years.
In the early part of 1 891 Captain Erben was ordered
as governor to the Naval Asylum at Philadelphia, but,
being promoted commodore in 1892, was soon transferred
to the important command of the New York Navy- Yard,
which he now holds.
133
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular*
COMMANDER R. D. KVANS. U.S.N.
Commander Robley Dunglison Evans was born in
Virginia, but was appointed a midshipman from the
Territory of Utah on September 20, i860, lie was at
the Naval Academy when that institution was transferred,
temporarily, from Annapolis to Newport, Rhode Island,
on account of the war. The term of his class at the
Academy was shortened on account of the pressing
necessity for officers, and he became ensign on Octo-
ber 1, 1863. Being ordered to the steam-frigate "Pow-
hatan," he first served iii the West India Squadron,
and then, in 1864-65, in the North Atlantic Blockading
Squadron.
He landed with the force of seamen and marines for
the land assault upon Fort Fisher, ami received two
severe wounds from rifle-shots, -from the disabling effects
of which he suffered for a considerable time.
On Jul\' 25, 1866, he was commissioned as lieutenant,
and was, during that year, attached to the navy-yard at
Philadelphia ; being afterwards transferred to ordnance
duty at the Washington Navy- Yard.
He next made a cruise in the flag-ship " Piscataqua,"
of the Asiatic Squadron, from 1867 to 1869. During
this cruise, on March 12, 1868, he was promoted to be
lieutenant-commander. lie was attached, with this rank,
to the Washington Navy- Yard, 1870-71 ; and to the
Naval Academy in 1871-72.
From 1873 to 1876 he cruised in the " Shenandoah,"
second-rate, and the " Congress," second-rate, of the
European Squadron; and, during ^^7/-/^, was in com-
mand of the training-ship " Saratoga."
He was commissioned commander in July, 1878, and,
after service at the Washington Navy- Yard, was light-
house inspector from 1882 to 1886. In 1886-87 he was
chief inspector of steel for the new cruisers. During
1887-89 he held the position of secretary of the Light-
House Board.
During 1890 he was on leave of absence.
He was ordered to the command of the " Yorktown"
in July, 1891, which command he holds at present.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
139
CAPTAIN AND BREVET MAJOR EVARTS S. EWING,
U.S.A. (deceased).
Captain and Brevet Major Evarts S. Ewing was
born in Giles Count}', Tennessee, March 25, 1S41. lie-
always had a strong desire to go through West Point,
and at one time was offered an appointment, but bravely
declined in accordance with the wishes of his parents.
They hoped he might continue the work of his father
in the Presbyterian ministry. However, within a week-
after the firing on Fort Sumter, Evarts Ewing was riding
over the country, recruiting a company of volunteers to
enter the war of the Rebellion. Southern born, yet his
sympathies were with his country and the State which
was at that time his home.
Through his efforts and those of a few others, Com-
pany D of the First Iowa Cavalry was soon formed, and
Evarts Ewing lacked but five votes of being made the
first lieutenant. He was then offered the position of
second lieutenant, but refused it, saying he would carry
a musket as a plain private. So he rode away only bugler
and private of Company D, but before leaving the State-
was made quartermaster-sergeant of the regiment, and
for a time had sole charge of that department, there being
no commissioned officer over him. He became chief
bugler and commissary-sergeant, and served in these
grades until September 12, 1863. His campaigns were
for the most part west of the Mississippi, in those many
smaller engagements which, although less famous, were
none the less heroically fought than the great battles with
whose names we are more familiar. Perhaps his most
marked gallantry was shown in the battle of Prairie
Grove. He was appointed captain and commissary of
subsistence January 13, 1805, and was honorably mus-
tered out October 9, 1865. He was brevetted major,
lieutenant-colonel, and colonel of volunteers, October 6
of the same year, for "faithful and meritorious ser-
vices."
Colonel Ewing entered the regular service as second
lieutenant of the Sixteenth Infantry, February 23, 1866,
and was promoted first lieutenant March 19 the same-
year. The brevets of captain and major, U. S. Arm}',
were conferred upon him March 2, 1867, for "gallant
and meritorious services." He was transferred to the
Thirty-fourth Infantry September 21, 1866, and upon the
consolidation of regiments was transferred back to his
old regiment, the Sixteenth, in which, to his last day, he
always maintained the greatest pride and interest.
He was serving in Washington in 1867 as aide-de-camp
to General O. O. Howard, when General Joseph A. Mower
applied to the War Department for an especially efficient
and responsible man to act as department quartermaster
on his staff, and Major Ewing was relieved of his position
on General Howard's staff to fill this place on General
Mower's.
Since then he served with his regiment at the various
posts where he was stationed. He was on duty in
New Orleans in 1876 during the famous White League
troubles, and later at different posts of the Indian Ter-
ritory, Kansas, and Texas. He served as regimental
quartermaster of the Sixteenth Infantry from March 9,
1880, to April 30, 1880, when he was promoted to captain
of Company 15.
Major Ewing was retired from active service the 3d of
January, 1885, for disability in line of duty (sec. 1251
rev. stat.).
In May, 1885, Major Ewing was honored by an invi-
tation from the board of managers of the World's Fair
in New Orleans to take command of the large inter-
state encampment of militia to take place at the close of
the exposition. He accepted the offer, and won a most
enviable reputation among all who understood military
matters.
Among many other honors, Major Ewing might claim
that of being the father of target practice in the U. S.
Army, it being through his letters, written to the Army
and Navy Journal, and the example he set by his untiring
efforts in that direction in his own company, that the War
Department first became interested in what is to-day so
prominent a feature of our arm}-. Major Ewing was the
first commissioned officer in the Department of Texas to
be given a marksman's button.
His nature was a remarkable combination of the poet
and the soldier ; from childhood his highest aims were in
a military line, but next to this he hoped to achieve fame
in the literary world.
Shortly after his distinguished services at the New
Orleans encampment, he received an offer from the Presi-
dent of Honduras to take command of the armies of that
republic. This offer, for various personal reasons, he
reluctantly declined to accept. He died June 7, 1892.
140
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND XAVY (regular)
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL J. P. FARLEY. U.S.A.
Lieutenant-Colonel J. P. Farley (Ordnance Corps,
U. S. Army) was born in Washington, 1). C, March 2,
1839. He was graduated at the U. S. Militar} Academy
June 24, [861; assigned to the Second U. S. Artil-
lery, and transferred to the < )rdnance Corps October 24,
1 86 1.
I;, fore and during the Bull Run campaign he served
as aide on the staff of the general commanding the de-
fences of Washington, and later, during the summer and
fill of thai year, with Horse Battery A, Second Artillery,
covei ing the appn iai lies t< 1 Washingti in and Alexandria,
Virginia.
Special Order No. 174, Folly Island, South Carolina,
[uly 8, [863, was indorsed by Lieutenant-Colonel R. H.
[ackson, captain First LJ. S. Artillery, as follows: "Lieu-
tenant Farley reported to me in obedience to the within
order, and remained on duty in charge of one-half of the
battel ies of the hunt line until the capture by our tr< iops
of the south end of Morris Island on July IO, 1863.
" I hike pleasure in testifying that to his ability, ex-
ample, and gallant conduit in the action of the 10th of
July, 1S63, which resulted in the capture of Morris Island,
the splendid practice, the admirable sighting, and the
destructive effects oi the artillery under his command
were in a great measure due.
" This conduct was the more praiseworthy on his part,
as he volunteered to command troops on that occasion
out of the line of his duty as an ordnance officer.
" Lieutenant Farley's name received highly honorable
mention in my report ('War of Rebellion Records,' Vol.
XXVIII.) of the part taken by the artillery under my
command in the capture of the south end of Morris
Island."
Lieutenant Farley again volunteered his servii
aide to General Truman Seymour during the bombard-
ment and assault on Fort Wagner, South Carolina, July
18, 1863. The general in indorsing the foregoing order,
No. 174, says: "Lieutenant Farley was a member of my
staff during a considerable part of that summer ( 1863).
lie was one of the most active, intelligent, and useful of
my right-hand assistants and advisers, — was always ready
for any labor, however toilsome and disagreeable, and
assuredly the- work of the artillerist and ordnance officer
on Foll_\- and Moiris Islands during that eventful summer
was very trying; lie was patient and persevering under
unusual difficulties; he was, in fact, one of the compara-
tively few of whom, when charged with the accomplish-
ment of ail}' special duty, I was absolutely sure it would
be conducted skilfully to its desired end."
( reneral Seymour, in an official report, " War of Rebel-
lion Record," Vol. XXVIII., referring to a successful
engagement with the enemy on Morris Island, South
Carolina, accords to Lieutenant Farley " no small share
of the glory of this day."
The later service of Lieutenant Farley (1864-65) with
Lieutenant-General U. S. Grant was recognized by the
general in the following terms: " I take pleasure in tes-
tifying to your efficiency as an ordnance officer while
serving in the armies operating against Richmond.
" During the time you were in charge of the extensive
and very important Ordnance Depot at City Point, Vir-
ginia, your duties were performed to my entire satisfac-
tion, anil, as far as my official and personal knowledge
extend, to the perfect satisfaction of the armies you
supplied."
In this connection, revelling to the field service of
Lieutenant Farley, General Seymour says: " Approved,
as it has been, by the greatest of our commanders, my
own commendations are of little value in comparison;
but the)- are the expressions of a profound appreciation
of all that can confer honor and distinction upon one of
the most worthy young officers I knew during the war."
Lieutenant Farley was brevctted captain " for meri-
torious services in the Ordnance Department during the
war," and his field service is recognized in orders and
reports, " War of the Rebellion Records," Vol. XXVIII.
Since the war he has served at the Military Academy ;
at arsenals, foundries, proving grounds, and on various
boards, such as the Ordnance Board, the Experimental
Testing Board, and a Board for the Selection of a Maga-
zine Small-Arm lor the Service. He is the author of
"Professional and Scientific Papers," published by the
War Department, anil for which work he has received
official commendation.
Colonel Farley is the son of Captain John Farley (Class
of [823, U. S. M. A.), First U. S. Artillery; grandson of
Captain John Farley, LT. S. Corps of Artillery, War of
1812; and great-grandson of Robert Breat, paymaster-
general, Lr. S. A., [819.
W/fO SERVED IN THE CI VIE WAR.
141
CAPTAIN NORMAN H. FARQUHAR, U.S.N.
Captain Nokman II. Farquhar is at present chief of
the Bureau of Yards and Docks, Navy Department, with
the rank of commodore. He was born in Pennsylvania
April 1 1, 1S40, and graduated from the Naval Academy
in 1859. While still a midshipman, serving in different
vessels of our African Squadron, he was detailed to bring
to the United States a captured slaver, the "Triton,"
with a crew of ten men and no other officer. Still a
midshipman at the breaking out of the great Rebellion,
he became lieutenant in a very few months, and served
on board the steamer " Mystic" and the steam gun-boat
"Mahaska," of the North Atlantic Squadron; the
steamer " Rhode Island," of the West India Squadron;
and the "Santiago de Cuba," of the North Atlantic
Squadron. Lieutenant Farquhar was present at both
attacks upon Fort Fisher, and there and elsewhere was
distinguished for his coolness and conduct under fire.
General B. F. Butler, in his official report of the attack on
Fort Fisher, North Carolina, dated January 3, 1865,
speaks of Captain Farquhar (then lieutenant) as follows :
" Lieutenant Farquhar, of the navy, having in charge the
navy boats which assisted in the landing, deserves great
credit for the energy and skill with which he managed
the boats through the rolling surf."
In [865 he was promoted to be lieutenant-commander,
and then served for some time at the Naval Academy.
He next served in the "Swatara," on the European
Station, in 1868-69; anc' a*: tne navy-yard, Boston, in
1870, being thence ordered as executive-officer of the
United States steamship "Severn," from which ship he
went to the command of the "Kansas," and was em-
ployed in surveying duties. After another tour of service
at the Boston Navy- Yard, he joined the United States
steamship "Powhatan" in 1X72, and on December 12
of that year was made commander in the navy. He
was then stationed at the Naval Academy, at Annapolis,
in command of the "Santee," and in charge of buildings
and grounds for about six years; commanding the
"Portsmouth" in 1878, and in command of "Quinne-
baug" and "Wyoming," European Squadron, from [878
to 1881. He then became commandant of "cadets" at
the Naval Academy, in which position he remained five
years; commanding the "Constellation" on the practice
cruise with the midshipmen in 1883 and 1884.
He was commissioned as captain March 4, [886, and
was ordered to command the flag-ship "Trenton," in the
Pacific. The country will long remember the wreck of
the "Trenton" ami other vessels at Apia, Samoa, during
a dreadful hurricane. On this occasion, by good seaman-
ship, Captain Farquhar saved the lives of the four hun-
dred and fifty officers and men who composed the ship's
company.
For his services on this occasion the Humane Society
of Massachusetts awarded Captain Farquhar its gold
medal, with a letter couched in very complimentary
terms. Captain Farquhar has probably commanded
more vessels than any officer of his grade, but has held
no command afloat since that of the "Trenton." In
August, 1889, he was senior member of the Board of
Visitors at the Torpedo Station, Newport, and was
appointed a member of the Light-House Board in the
latter part of the same year, but did not serve long in
that capacity, as he was, on March 6, 1890, appointed
chief of the Bureau of Yards and Docks at the Navy
Department, as we have said above. Commodore Far-
quhar is the holder of a gold medal from the Naval
Institute, given in 1885, for an essay entitled "Induce-
ments for Obtaining Seamen in the Navy." Many of
the suggestions contained in that paper have since been
adopted by the department. " Captain Farquhar is
universally regarded as one of the most accomplished,
progressive, and trustworthy officers in the navy. Like
all men of capacity and courage, he is considerate to
those under him, while exacting prompt obedience to
official orders."
142
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
ADMIRAL DAVID GLASGOW FARRAGUT, U.S.N.
(dei eased).
It seems hopeless, in the brief space allotted, to even
mention the points in the career of this distinguished
head of our navy; but, fortunately, the whole country,
and the whole world, indeed, is familiar with them, and
everywhere — from the Winter Palace at St. Petersburg
to the fisherman's hut upon the shores of the Pacific — his
likeness is to be found. Farragut was wounded in the
bloody battle between the " Essex" and the British ships
"Phoebe" and "Cherub," in March, i S 1 4 , when his
commanding officer regretted "that he was too young
for promotion." He lived to command at New Orleans,
Vicksburg, and Mobile Bay, and yet was only sixty-nine
whenhedied. But very much was compressed into those
years. lie served in three wars, as well as against the
West Indian pirates, and he observed the military and
naval operations of his time throughout the world with
his native sagacity, all of which tended to ripen his mind
for the great work before him. Admiral Farragut was a
di cendant of Don Pedro Ferragut, called "El Conquis-
tador," from his successes in battle against the Moors
of Spain. They had estates in Minorca, and his father
was born there, and emigrated to America in 1776.
He took part in the war of the Revolution, and was the
friend and companion of General fackson during his
Indian campaigns. He married in North Carolina, set-
tled in Tennessee, where his distinguished son was born,
and finally entered the naval service as sailing-master.
Admiral Farragut, through Commodore David Porter,
received his midshipman's warrant when less than ten
years old. and in 1S11 he went to sea with Porter. When
the ship's company of the " Essex" returned to the
I hiited States in the cartel " Essex Junior" he was pi
at 1 hool until the peace of 1 S 1 5 .
He then made two cruises to the Mediterranean, avail-
ing himself of favorable opportunities for study and travel.
Under his old commander, Porter, he served during
1823-24, in the suppression of piracy in the West Indies,
and always took pride in having obtained a command
then at the age of twenty-two. In 1S25 he was a lieu-
tenant of the " Brandy wine," w hen she took Lafayette
home. He served on the coast of Brazil as executive-
officer of the " Delaware," seventy-four, and in command
of two vessels. While in command of the " Erie," in the
Gulf, he noted carefully the French bombardment of
Vera Cruz. Served in our own war with Mexico, in the
"Saratoga;" then on ordnance, court-martial, and navy-
yard duties. In I S54 he was sent to California to estab-
lish the navy-yard at Mare Island. During his four-
years' service there his coolness and judgment in deal-
ing with the delicate question of Federal and State
jurisdiction, during the reign of the "Vigilance Com-
mittee" of 1856, not only saved the government from
being drawn into a local quarrel, but also saved blood-
shed. During 1859-60 Farragut commanded the
" Brooklyn," and, at the breaking out of the great Re-
bellion, was living in Norfolk, Virginia, as he had done
for many years. Local opinion and local pressure had
no effect upon a man of his broad views, and he moved
to the North, and took' up his residence on the Hudson.
In January, 1862, he was assigned to the command of
the West Gulf Squadron, his mission being to unseal
that great artery of commerce ami travel, the Missis-
sippi, and all that such an undertaking entailed. He
seemed confident of success from the first, great as the
task before him was. He wrote: "As to being pre-
pared for defeat, I certainly am not. Any man who is
prepared for defeat would be half-defeated before he
commenced. I hope for success, shall do all in my
power to secure it, and trust in God for the rest." The
result of that continual strain of combat for so man}'
months is a matter of common-school history, ami need
not be recounted here. The same may be said of his
operations at Mobile Bay in 1804. He received the
thanks of Congress, and was commissioned rear-admiral
July K>, i,Xf>2; vice-admiral December 21, 1864, and
was finally promoted to the rank of admiral Jul)- 26,
1866. In 1867 he went to the command of the Euro-
pean Squadron, and made an extended cruise, being
everywhere received with the most marked attention.
At this time, when past sixty-six, Admiral Farragut, with
his rounded, active figure, and firm, clean-shaven face,
gave one the impression of being a much younger man.
He spoke several languages very fluently, and was a
very close observer, ami an indefatigable reader. Noth-
ing escaped his keen eve, and when he felt himself among
friends his observations were often very dry and even
witty. He died on August 14, 1870.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
143
REAR-ADMIRAL JOHN C. FEBIGER, U.S.N.
(retired).
Rear-Admiral John C. Febiger was born in Penn-
sylvania and appointed from Ohio, his warrant as mid-
shipman bearing date of September 14, 1838. His first
service was in the frigate " Macedonian," of the West
India Squadron, 1838-40. He was then attached to the
sloop-of-war " Concord," mostly upon the Brazil coast,
during 1841-43. In the latter year he was wrecked in
the " Concord" on the east coast of Africa, and was then
attached to the brig " Chippola," purchased by the gov-
ernment at Rio Janeiro and used to recover and dispose
of the equipment of the " Concord." Engaged in this
duty until 1844. On May 20 of that year he was made
passed midshipman, and served in the frigate " Potomac,"
of the Home Squadron, for two years. He then made a
cruise to the Pacific in the sloop-of-war " Dale," and was
from her transferred to the " Columbus," 74, in which
ship he came home.
Again attached to the sloop-of-war " Dale," he made
a cruise upon the coast of Africa, and upon his return
was employed upon the Coast Survey for several years.
He was promoted to master 1852, and was commis-
sioned lieutenant in the navy April 30, 1853. In 1858-60
he was attached to the sloop-of-war " Germantown," of
the Past India Squadron, and upon his return, in 1 861,
was ordered to the sloop-of-war " Savannah."
Commissioned commander in the navy August 11,
1862. Commanded the "Kanawha," of the West Gulf
Blockading Squadron, in 1862-63, and was in the en-
gagement off Mobile Bay April 3, 1862.
During the year 1863 Commander Febiger com-
manded the " Osage," " Neosho," and " Dafayette," of
the Mississippi Squadron ; and in 1864-65 commanded
the " Mattabeset," of the North Atlantic Blockading
Squadron. During this period he participated in the
spirited engagement with the rebel ram " Albemarle," in
Albemarle Sound, Ma)-, 1S64.
In the years 1866-68 he commanded the " Ashuelot,"
of the Asiatic Squadron.
Commissioned captain May 6, 1868, and commanded
the steam-sloop " Shenandoah," of the Asiatic Squadron,
in 1868-69. While commanding the " Shenandoah" he
entered and surveyed Ping-Yang Inlet, on the west coast
of Corea.
From 1869 to 1872 he was inspector of naval reserved
lands. In 1872-74 he commanded the U. S. steamer
" Omaha," of the South Pacific Squadron. He was pro-
moted to commodore August 9, 1874. After this he
became a member of the Board of Examiners, and then
commandant of the navy-yard at Washington, D. C, for
nearly four years. He was then upon special duty in
Washington, D. C, and a member of the Retiring Board.
Promoted to rear-admiral February 4, 1882. Retired
upon his own application July 1, 1882.
144
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY {regular)
MAJOR E. G. FECHET, U.S.A.
Major E. G. Fechet (Sixth Cavalry) was born July
i i, 1844, in Michigan. 1 le is the son of Alfred Edmond
Fechet, M.D., a native of France, and graduate of the
College of France, who came to the United States in
1840.
Young Feehet entered the volunteer service June 19,
1861, as sergeant of Company A, Seventh Michigan In-
fantry, and participated in the Maryland campaign of the
Army of the Potomac, being engaged in the battle of
Antietam, September 17, 1862, at which time he was shot
through the right lung. He was promoted second lieu-
tenant, to date from that battle, and first lieutenant June
iS, [863. He resigned June 31, 1863, on account of
illness resulting from his wound. On recover}-, he again
entered the volunteer service as quartermaster-sergeant
of the Tenth Michigan Cavalry, but was promoted sec-
ond lieutenant January 23, 1804, and 'first lieutenant
April 1, 1865. He was in several minor engagements
in [864, in East Tennessee, and commanded the Knox-
ville Depot of Ordnance November, [865, and was hon-
orably mustered out of service November 21, 1865. He
was appointed to regular service as second lieutenant of
Eighth Cavalry July 28, 1866, and brevetted first lieu-
tenant and captain March 2, 1 867, " for gallant conduct
at the battle of Antietam." In February marched in
command oi Troop I from San Francisco to Fort
Whipple, Arizona, and participated in a severe fight with
the Hualapi and Tonto Apache Indians. He was pro-
moted first lieutenant July 31, 1867, and captain May J3,
1870.
Rejoining his regiment in January, [ 870, he tools • om-
mand of Troop G, anjd changed stations to New Mexico,
arriving at Fort Selden in the March following. Captain
Fechet commandei I .1 deta< hmenl of troops in an engage-
ment with the Mescalero Apaches, capturing their entire
camp and herd, and forcing the tribe to return to Stan-
ton reservation. He marched with his regiment to Texas,
on change of department, arriving at Ringgold Barracks
in March, 1 S76, where he remained to i88i,\vhen he was
transferred to Fort Clark, which post he did duty at until
September, 1887. Then he commanded Camp Pena
Colorado to May, 1888, when he marched with his regi-
ment from Texas to Dakota. He left Pena Colorado
on the 19th of May, and arrived at Fort Yates, North
Dakota, September 17, the distance marched being two
thousand one hundred miles.
While in command of his troop at Fort Yates, Captain
Fechet became somewhat conspicuous in the Sioux cam-
paign of 1890-91, by having been engaged in the affair
which resulted in the death of the famous chief Sitting
Bull, having on that occasion commanded the troops
participating therein. The following extract from a
communication from General Miles, in the field, on this
subject, to General Thomas H. Ruger, commanding the
department of Dakota, is here given :
"The division commander has received official report
of Lieutenant-Colonel Drum, Twelfth Infantry, and
Captain Fechet, Eighth Cavalry, regarding the arrest of
Sitting Bull. He desires me to express his approval of
the good judgment displayed by the officers and the
assistance of agent, the fortitude of the troops and
bravery of the Indian police. It required no ordinary
courage to go into an Indian camp of well-armed war-
riors and arrest the chief conspirator on the eve of his
departure to join the large body of his followers then in
defiant hostility to the government, and engaged in rob-
bing its citizens and looting their houses. It was from
Sitting Bull that emissaries have been for months going
to other tribes inciting them to hostility, and he died
while resisting the lawful officials of the government.
Even after lie had been peaceably arrested, he raised the
cry of revolt, and incited his men to shoot down the
government police in the lawful discharge of their duty.
The fearless action of Captain Fechet and his command
entitles them to great credit, and the celerity of his
movements showed the true soldierly spirit.
" The division commander desires that his sympathy
be expressed to those who have suffered from wounds,
and the families of the dead brave, loyal, Indian police,
and his thanks to all who took part in the arrest that lias
already resulted in the surrender of more than one hun-
dred defiant, lawless savages, and with other measures
has done much to prevent the destruction of many peace-
able homes and innocent lives. By command of Major-
< '.('ilir.il Miles. (Signed)
M. 1'. Mais, A.D.C."
Captain Fechet was promoted major of the Sixth
Cavalry April 20, [891,
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
145
CAPTAIN EDWARD FIELD. U.S.A.
Captain Edward Field (Fourth Artillery) traces his
lineage in unbroken thread from the distinguished as-
tronomer and student, Sir John Field, to whose researches
England was indebted for the explanation and intro-
duction of the Copernican system. Emigrating from
the mother-country long before the revolt of the infant
colonies, his ancestors were among the first to take up
arms against the sea of troubles which so crowded upon
the young republic at its birth. Richard Stockton,
member of the Continental Congress and signer of the
Declaration of Independence, was his great-great-grand-
father.
Richard Stockton Field, attorney-general of the State
of New Jersey, United States Senator, and United States
District Judge, was the father of Captain Field, and a
resident of the classic old town of Princeton when, in
1 84 1, the son was born who became the first of the
family to permanently identify himself with the army of
the nation. Naturally no Princeton lad thought of going
elsewhere for education, and it was at the time-honored
college of his native place that Edward Field was matric-
ulated in 1857, and graduated in [861, just at the out-
break of the war of the Rebellion. Always an enthusi-
astic horseman, he lost no time in seeking service with
the cavalry, and was commissioned second lieutenant in
the gallant First New Jersey that won such renown in
the old Second Division of the Cavalry Corps in the
Army of the Potomac. Early in 1862, however, he was
tendered an appointment in the Fourth Artillery of the
regular army, and within a month had joined Light
Battery " C" of that regiment just in time to embark for
the Peninsula.
Fair Oaks, Peach Orchard, and Savage Station gave
him man)- an opportunity of testing the metal of which
he was made. But White Oak Swamp was the fight
that tried men's souls, so far at least as Battery " C"
was concerned. For hours its eight guns were hotly
engaged. Hazzard, its brave and impetuous commander,
received his death-wound, and Field's comrade, Lieu-
tenant Arthur Morris, was knocked lwrs de combat, while
men and horses suffered severely from the deadly fire of
the enemy.
Antietam, Halltown, Fredericksburg, and Chancellors-
ville were the next battles in order ; and in the last named
Field won high credit and the thanks of General Geary
for fighting his battery, even after it was relieved, and
hammering the rebel infantry an entire hour at close
range despite heavy losses. This was at the Chancellor
House salient.
In October, 1863, Lieutenant Field was transferred
to Horse Battery " E" of his regiment, fighting with
it at Buckland Mills and Raccoon Ford, following the
'9
cavalry on Sheridan's raid, and backing them in all
the stirring combats at Todd's Tavern, Spottsylvania,
and Yellow Tavern, and winning another brevet at
Meadow Bridge, not far from the field where his first
was gained at White ( )ak Swamp.
The war over, the Fourth had a spell of rest and a
hard time transforming horse-battery men into garrison
gunners. They were sent to the Pacific coast just in
time to be ordered into the lava beds against the Modocs,
ami to lose four gallant officers and a score of men in
that thankless and inglorious warfare. Field took his
full share of the campaign ; had another touch of frontier
duty in 1877, when sent after Chief Joseph and the Nez
Perces, and still again was ordered down into Arizona,
where the Apaches of the Siena Blanca had their out-
break in 1 88 1.
This concluded the frontier service of the Fourth, for
the time being at least. But Field was of too active a
temperament to stagnate in a stone fort, when once again
they appeared on the Atlantic coast. In such time as his
duties would permit he devoted himself to the instruction
of the neighboring National Guardsmen, proving always
a welcome visitor at their camps and armories. In 1882
lie was detailed to visit and inspect the troops of Rhode
Island; in 18X4, of New York; in 1886, of Maine; and
his reports on their condition and efficiency were widely
read.
The captain has achieved literary honor in other fields,
having been selected to deliver the Decoration Day
address at Newport, Rhode Island, in 1882, and having
subsequently addressed the National Guard Association
of New York in 18S4; the West Point Association in
July, 1882, and the Military Service Institute, at Gov-
ernor's Island, in 1885.
For some time past Captain Field has been stationed
at the new Fort McPherson, close to Atlanta.
I4'J
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY [regular)
CAPTAIN M. J. FITZ GERALD, U.S.A. (retired).
Captain M. J. Fitz Gerald was born in Athlone,
County Westmeath, Ireland, September 24, 1837. He
arrived in Baltimore, Maryland, about 1847 or 1848.
He enlisted January 5. 1855, at Fort McHenry, Alan-
land, and was assigned to Company E, First Artil-
lery, at Fortress Monroe, Virginia. He was ordered to
Florida with his company in the winter of 1855—56, and
served during the war against Billy Bowlegs and his tribe,
part of the time as acting hospital .steward in the field.
1 [e was then ordered with his company to Fort Moultrie,
South Carolina, in the fall of 1858, and performed the
duties of hospital steward during- the epidemic of yellow
fever at that post. I [e was promoted corporal Company
E, First Artillery, in 1858, and discharged in November,
[859. He re-enlisted, and was transferred to the Ord-
nance Corps in January, [ 860, and was assigned to duty at
['. S. Arsenal, Charleston, South Carolina, lie remained
thereuntil the surrender of the arsenal to the State of
South Carolina, December 30, i860 (as artificer and act-
ing fii it sergeant of the detachment). The disagreeable
duty devolved upon him to lower — the fust time in its
history — our flag in the presence of trait, irs. I Ie remained
a prisoner in the arsenal until after the firing on the "Star
of the West," when he proceeded to the U. S. Arsenal at
Augusta, Georgia, reporting to Captain Elsie, late Second
U. S. Artillery. I Ie remained there until the surrender of
the arsenal, and was then ordered to Washington D. C. I
where he was discharged, at his own request, to enable
him to accept a position under the State of South Caro-
lina; but, instead, he proceeded to Fort McHenry,
Maryland, and enlisted, and was then appointed hospital
steward at that post. From there he was transferred, as
chief hospital steward, to the general hospital at Fred-
erick, Maryland, until appointed second lieutenant of the
Ninth Infantry, and ordered to duty with his company,
C, at San Juan Island, Washington Territory, June, 1863 ;
he remained on duty, in joint military occupation of the
group of islands with the British troops, until October,
[865, when he was relieved and ordered to the Presidio
1 'I San Francisco, California, and assigned to duty as post
adjutant, acting commissary of subsistence, and acting
stant quartermaster until May, 1866, when relieved
and ordered to Fort Bidwell, California, relieving compa-
nies of the Second California Cavalry. He commanded
the post, consisting of Companies C, Ninth Infantry, and
A, First Cavalry, and performed the duty of acting assist-
ant commissaiy of subsistence and acting assistant quar-
termaster until the middle of 1867, when he was relieved
and ordered to the command of Fort Crook, California.
From this point he was ordered back to Fort Bidwell
and placed on duty as acting assistant quartermaster and
acting assistant commissary of subsistence until Novem-
ber, 1868, when detailed on general recruiting service,
rejoining his regiment at Omaha Barracks, Nebraska,
prior to its consolidation, in 1869, and assigned to Com-
pany C, but soon transferred to Company F, and changed
station to Sidney Barracks to command company and
post. From this he was relieved and ordered, with his
company, to < >maha Barracks in 1871 ; to Fort Russell,
Wyoming Territory, in 1872; to the Sioux Reservation,
Camps Sheridan and Robinson, Nebraska, in 1875; to
field duty on White River, Nebraska, in 1876.
Captain Fitz Gerald was wounded at Red Cloud Agency
in [876. 1 Ie commanded his company in Chicago, Illinois,
during the riots of 1877; after which he commanded the
quartermaster's depot at Cheyenne, Wyoming Territory,
until ordered to Fort McKinney, Washington Terri-
tory.
From there he was placed on the retired list in May,
1879, on account of wounds and injuries, at his own
request.
He was promoted first lieutenant March 4, 1864, and
captain December 31, 1873, and commanded companies
from March 4, 1864, to 1868, and from 1869 to 1879.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
H7
BRIGADIER-GENERAL DANIEL W. FLAGLER, U.S.A.
Brigadier-General Daniel \V. Flagler (Chief of
Ordnance) was born in New York March 24, 1835, and
graduated at the Military Academy June 24, 1861. He
was promoted brevet second and second lieutenant of
ordnance the same day, and first lieutenant August 3,
1S61, and captain March 3, 1863. He served during the
rebellion of the seceding States, 1861 to 1866; in drill-
ing volunteers at Washington, D. C., July 1-15, 1861 ;
in the Manassas campaign and in the defences of Washing-
ton July and August, 1861 : assistant ordnance officer at
Allegheny Arsenal, Pennsylvania, and on foundry duty
at Fort Pitt Foundry, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, inspect-
ing ordnance for fitting out the Mississippi River Flotilla,
August to December, 1861 ; as chief of ordnance to Gen-
eral Burnside's Expedition to North Carolina, Decem-
ber, 1 86 1, to August, 1862 ; in charge of transportation
of siege-train across country, New Berne to Fort Macon,
North Carolina, and of construction of approaches and
batteries in front of Fort Macon, March and April, 1862 ;
in the Maryland campaign (Army of the Potomac) as
assistant ordnance officer and aide-de-camp September
and October, 1862 ; as chief ordnance officer, November,
1862, to November, 1863 ; in hospital October and No-
vember, 1863; on inspection duty at the West Point
Foundry, New York, November, 1863, to May, 1864;
assistant to chief of ordnance, LT. S. A., Washington,
D. C, May, 1864, to June, 1865, and inspecting arms,
Army of the Potomac, February, 1865 ; in charge of
Tredegar Iron Works, Richmond, April and May, 1S65.
General Flagler participated in the battle of Bull Run
July 21, 1861 ; the battle and capture of Roanoke Island
February 7-8, 1862 ; battle of New Berne, North Carolina,
March 14, 1862, and in command of mortar batteries in
bombardment of Fort Macon, resulting in capture April
26, 1862 ; engaged in the battle of South Mountain Sep-
tember 14, 1862; battle of Antietam September 17, 1862;
engaged in the battle of Fredericksburg December 13,
1862 ; battle of Chancellorsville, Virginia, May 2-4, 1863, !
and battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, July 1-3,
1863.
He was brevetted captain March 14, 1862, for gallant
services at battle of New Berne, North Carolina ; major
April 26, 1862, for gallant services at siege of Fort Ma-
con, North Carolina; lieutenant-colonel March 13, 1865,
for distinguished services in the field during the war of
the Rebellion.
After the war closed he was employed on a tour of
inspection of Western arsenals, with chief of ordnance,
U. S. A., May, 1865 ; in charge of receiving arms from
disbanded volunteers from Delaware and Pennsylvania at
Wilmington, Delaware, and Philadelphia and Harrisburg,
Pennsylvania, May and June, 1865 ; on special ordnance
inspection duty in Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia, and
Alabama, June to September, 1865; assistant ordnance
officer, Watervliet Arsenal, New York, ( )ctober to De-
cember, 1 865 ; in command of Augusta Arsenal and
Powder- Works, Georgia, January, 1S66, to May, 1871,
having charge also of Confederate ordnance establish-
ments, depots, and stores, and disposal of same, at At-
lanta, Macon, Athens, and Savannah, Georgia, January,
1866, to January, 1869; and on special ordnance inspec-
tion duty at Fort Fisher, North Carolina, December,
1866; Selma, Alabama, February, 1869; and Fort
Pickens, Florida, February, 1871 ; in command of Rock-
Island Armory and Arsenal June, 1871, to May 31, 1886;
member of Board on Heavy Gun- Carriages, at New
York, January to March, 1873; special inspection of
Fort Union Arsenal, New Mexico, with view of break-
ing up same, September, 1880; on Board at Indianap-
olis, Indiana, in regard to removal of Indianapolis Ar-
senal, January, 1883; on ordnance inspection duty, San
Antonio, Texas, Fort Lowell, Arizona, and Benicia,
California, February and March, 1883; in command of
Frankford Arsenal, Pennsylvania, May 31, 1886, to No-
vember 11, 1889; president of Board on Site for Gun
Foundry March 22 to May 14, 1887 ; president of Board
on Comparative Merits of Morse and Service Reloading
Cartridges, March 3 to May 1, 1888; on special duty to
select site and make plans for Columbia Arsenal, Ten-
nessee, May 29 to June 30, 1888; president of Board for
Testing Rifled Cannon and Projectiles in 1889 ; in com-
mand of Watertown Arsenal, Massachusetts, from No-
vember 29, 1SS9, to 1 89 1.
He was promoted major June 23, 1874; lieutenant-
colonel August 23, 1881 ; colonel September 15, 1890;
and was appointed brigadier-general and chief of ordnance
January 23, 1891.
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
COLONEL DELANCEY FLOYD-JONES, U.S.A. (retired).
Colonel Delancey Floyd-Jones was born, 1826, in
( jueens County, State of New York. He was graduated
at the l!. S. Military Academy in the Class of 1S46.
Upon graduating he was appointed to the Seventh Regi-
ment of Infantry, then serving in Mexico under General
Taylor, which he proceeded to join in September of that
year.
After a few months' service with General Taylor's
army, he was promoted to the Fourth Regiment of In-
fantry, which was transferred to Worth's division of ( ren-
eial Scott's army, and formed the advance in the landing,
and at the siege of Vera Cruz. Alter the surrender of
that city, his company formed a part of the garrison of
San Juan d'UHoa.
The regiment proceeded with the army en route for the
City nl" Mexico, and for a time formed a part of the gar-
rison of the Castle of Perote, and the city of Puebla.
Lieutenant Floyd-Jones took- part in the various en-
■ ments in the Valley of Mexico, notably in the battles
of Molino del Rey, Chapultepec, and the taking of the
City of Mexico. For his i onduct at the battle of Molino
del key, he was especially commended by Captain —
afterwards General — Anderson, of Fort Sumter fame,
on which he was brevetted first lieutenant.
At the close ol the Mexican War he was assigned to
duty on the Northern Lakes, and served foi a time as
aide-de-camp to General Brady. In [852 his regiment
transferred to the Pacini coast, via the Isthmus of
Panama; while serving in that department he took- part
in the war against the Rogue River Indians, a severe
but successful campaign, lasting some six months.
On the breaking on( of the Rebellion he was, at the
instance of General Winfield Scott, made major of the
Eleventh Infantry, and joined his regiment, which was
being recruited at Fort Independence, Boston harbor.
The regiment was made a part of the Army of the Poto-
mac, and under his command moved with that army in
its advance upon Yorktown, his regiment being among
the first to open the trenches in the siege of that place.
Colonel Floyd-Jones continued to serve with the Army
,:i~ the Potomac and took part in the Peninsula, Man-
assas, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, and
Gettysburg campaigns.
1 [e was frequently commended by his brigade com-
manders, and at the battle of Chancellorsville Colonel
Burbank says, " Where all did so well it is difficult to
discriminate, but I desire to mention by name the regi-
mental commander, Major De Lancey Lloyd-Jones, Llev-
enth Infantry, for the great coolness with which he
commanded his regiment."
In February, 1868, General George Sykcs, in recom-
mending Colonel Lloyd-Jones for the brevet of brigadier-
general, says," This officer served under my com-
mand from March, 1S62, until the fall of 1863, and
was present with the division of regular infantry in the
Peninsula, Manassas, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chan-
cellorsville, and Gettysburg campaigns of the Army of
the Potomac. lie was often favorably mentioned in the
reports of his brigade commander, and in the fight on the
Old Turnpike near Chancellorsville on the 1st of May,
1S63, distinguished himself at the head of his regiment.
"As commander of the Fifth Corps I had the oppor-
tunity to observe the zeal of Colonel Lloyd-Jones in the
campaign and battle of Gettysburg, and for these special
instances and his services during the Rebellion respect-
fully recommend him for the brevet of brigadier-general
in the army.
"Colonel Floyd-Jones is one of the few officers of his
grade who have not yet received this recognition of his
services, and when so many have received it, whose
duties in the field are not to be mentioned with those of
< olonel Floyd
held from him
(Signed)
■Jones, I think- it should no longer be with-
" George Sykes,
" Lieutenant- Colonel Fifth Infantry,
" Brevet Major-General U.S.A."
The colonel has been three times brevetted for gallant
conduct in battle, viz. : First lieutenant for Molino del
Rey, Mexico; lieutenant-colonel for the Peninsula cam-
paign, Virginia, and colonel for the battle of Gettysburg,
Pennsylvania. Much of Colonel Floyd- Jones's service
has been on the Western frontier. He retired from
active duty in 1879, after thirty-three years' service, nine-
teen of which was in the Indian country. He is a mem-
ber of the well-known family of Lloyd-Jones, of Long
Island, and has his home at South Oyster Bay, Long Isl-
and. I fe has travelled extensively, and an outline of his
journey around the woild, made in 1885-86, has been
published, under the title of " Letters from the Far East."
WHO SERVED I IV THE CIVIL WAR.
149
LIEUTENANT-COMMANDER CHARLES W. FLUSSER,
U.S.N, (deceased).
Lieutenant-Commander Charles W. Flusser was a
native of Maryland, but was appointed midshipman from
Kentucky in July, 1847. Of this date, not a large one,
three members were killed in battle during the Civil
War, — Cummings, Gwin, and Flusser.
The latter was commissioned lieutenant in September,
1855, and lieutenant-commander in July, 1862.
During his early years of service on the Home Sta-
tion, the Brazils, the East Indies, and elsewhere, his
career was that usual to the junior naval officer. He
was always noted for attention to duty, and a quiet, con-
tained manner, approaching reticence in personal inter-
course. But those who knew him well also knew that
his quiet demeanor concealed a warm heart and a gallant
spirit.
When the expedition to Roanoke Island was in course
of preparation, Flusser was ordered there in command
of the " Commodore Pern-," a side-wheel steamer with
four heavy guns. Roanoke Island was the grand
strategic point for the North Carolina Sounds, and the
preparations on both sides showed the importance
attached to that position. The success was complete on
both land and shore ; and in the chase of the rebel flotilla
their flag-ship " Sea-Bird" was run into and sunk by
Flusser in the " Commodore Perry," who took as pris-
oners nearly all her officers and crew. In July, in com-
mand of three light-draught vessels with a company of
soldiers on board, he made a reconnoissance of the Ro-
anoke River, and fell under a sustained and. galling fire
of concealed riflemen on the banks. Flusser had been
ordered to go to a certain point, — and he did it, in spite
of the opposition of fire, which he could not return with-
out delay. He reached his point and carried off the
steamer " Nelson," belonging to the Confederacy. He
returned with one killed and ten wounded, having
accomplished his mission.
His fight at Franklin, on the Blackwater River, on
the 3d of October, deserves to be read in full. After
getting up the river, Flusser did not wait for the co-oper-
ating troops, but pushed on, to find a terrific fire from
concealed riflemen on the banks, which made the work-
ing of the guns most difficult. Flusser was a particu-
larly cool and daring man, and finding himself in a trap
determined to fight it out until the troops came up.
He threw Xl.-inch shell into Franklin, and with his 32-
pounder he poured grape and canister into the woods.
With another 32-pounder he fought mi the other side,
— and with his IX. -inch gun he shelled the strongest
position of the enemy. Till this time his guns' crews
were exposed to a hot rifle-fire which came from con-
cealed positions. The enemy had cut trees down across
the narrow river behind him, but, " neck or nothing," he
got round, put on steam, and pierced his way through
and over the obstruction. In all these enterprises in the
Sounds he was a leading spirit. In many of them little
was to be gained but hard knocks, — yet he was always
ready. "He was a terror to the marauding troops of
the enemy, who made a note of all his movements."
On the 1 8th of April, 1864, after a heavy fight about
Plymouth, North Carolina, in which both army and
navy were concerned, the " Miami" and " Southfield,"
being under Flusser's command, were anchored below
the town to prevent a flank movement of the Confederates.
Just then the news was received that the ram " Albe-
marle" was on her way down, and the two vessels were
chained together to meet her. In less than five minutes
the collision occurred. The ram struck the " Miami"
on the port bow, and the " Southfield" on the starboard
bow, causing the latter to sink rapidly. Both vessels
were firing into the ram with their 100-pounder rifles,
and XL-inch Dahlgren guns, but apparently made no
impression, although alongside. Flusser fired the first
three shots himself, the third shot being a ten-second
Dahlgren XL-inch shell. Directly after this shot Flusser
was killed by a fragment of a shell, — -whether from the
ram, or from the one from the " Miami" rebounding, is
doubtful.
ISO
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
COMMANDHR WILLIAM M. FOLGER, U.S.N.
Commander William M. Folger is a native of Ohio,
and was appointed a midshipman from that State in
September, 1861. He remained at the Naval Academy
until November 22, 1864. He was then attached to the
receiving-ship " North Carolina," at New York, and the
school-ship " Sabine," New London, from February to
JuK-, 1865. He then made a three-years' cruise in the
steam-sloop " Hartford," flag-ship of the Asiatic Squad-
ron. Promoted to lieutenant March ir, 1868, and com-
missioned lieutenant-commander in December of the same
year. After being stationed at the Norfolk Navy- Yard,
he was ordered to the flag-ship " Franklin," of the Euro-
pean Squadron, and served in that vessel, and in others of
that squadron, from 1868 to 1872. Upon his return to the
Linked States he was upon ordnance duty for two years.
In 1875-76 he was on leave of absence in luirope, and
during 1877 was attached to the steam-sloop " Marion,"
on the European Station. From 1887 to 1S89 he was
on duty at the Naval Academy at Annapolis; and then
made a cruise in the " Swatara," of the Asiatic Squad-
ron. In 1882 he was attached to the Bureau of Ord-
nance, Navy Department; and was then for three years
upon ordnance duty at Annapolis, when the naval prov-
ing and experimental ordnance work was carried on.
He was promoted to be commander in March, 18S5,
and commanded the " Quinnebaug," on the European
Station, during 1886-88. After his return he was in-
spector of ordnance at the navy-yard at Washington
from 1888 to 1890. In the last named year he was
appointed and confirmed by the Senate as Chief of the
Bureau of Ordnance, with rank of commodore, which
office he fills at present. Commodore Folger has been
for several years identified with the extensive and im-
portant work connected with the new ordnance provided
for the navy, and the establishment of the plant neces-
sary for making the same; as well as with the ex-
haustive trials of armor-plate of various descriptions.
In this way his name has become familiar to scientific
engineers, as well as to military and naval men of all
countries.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
i5i
SURGEON-GENERAL JONATHAN M. EOLTZ, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Surgeon-General Jonathan M. Foltz was born in
Pennsylvania, and entered the service from Maryland, as
assistant surgeon, in April, 183 1. He first served in
the frigate " Potomac," on the Pacific Station, and upon
his return home was attached to the Medical Bureau,
and to the navy-yard at Washington. He received his
commission as surgeon in December, 1838, and was in
charge of the United States Naval Hospital at Port
Mahon during the years 1839-40. He afterwards made
a three years' cruise on the Brazil Station, in the frigate
" Raritan." He was attached to the Washington Navy-
Yard in 1850; and from 185 1 to 1854 served in the
"Jamestown," on the coast of Brazil. His next service
was at the Rendezvous at Philadelphia, and at the Naval
Asylum in the same city.
After a short service in the steam-frigate " Niagara,"
he was, on the formation of Farragut's fleet for the
capture of New Orleans, ordered as fleet-surgeon. Dur-
ing all Farragut's actions in 1862-63, he occupied the
post of fleet-surgeon, a most responsible and onerous one.
In 1864-66 he was a member of the Board of Exami-
ners, and president of the board in 1867. When Farra-
gut went upon his European cruise in 1868-69, Foltz
was again his fleet-surgeon. He was commissioned
medical director in March, 1871, and was chief of the
Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, 1871-73.
He died in Philadelphia in April, 1887. Dr. Foltz
was a man who impressed all with whom he came in
contact as a thorough-going and reliable person. He had
no hobbies in his professional views, which were sound
and sensible, without pretension. When President Bu-
chanan was in the White House, and became indisposed
or ill, his first act was to send for Foltz, who was stationed
in Philadelphia at the time Mr. Buchanan was in the
presidential chair : so Farragut came to rely upon him,
and with reason. When the admiral became ill while
on his travel in Europe, during his last cruise, he
hastened back to the " Franklin," at Spezzia, for the care
which he required. The estimation in which Dr. Foltz
was held by his townsmen of Lancaster, Pennsylvania,
was evidenced by an immense attendance upon his funeral
in that ancient city, where his remains lie close to those
of Reynolds, a townsman, and the hero and martyr of
the first day of Gettysburg.
1^2
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
REAR-ADMIRAL ANDREW HULL FOOTE, U.S.N.
(deceasi d).
Rear-Admiral Andrew Hull Foote was born in
Connecticut 12th September, 1806. He was a son of
S. A. Foote, United States Senator. Foote entered the
navy as a midshipman in 1822, and served under the
elder Porter in breaking up the piratical haunts in the
West Indies. He became lieutenant in 1830. In [849-
50-5 1, while in command of the" Perry," he did effective
service in the suppression of the African .slave-trade. In
1856 he was in China, in command of the "Plymouth,"
during hostilities between the Chinese and the English.
While protecting American property he was fired upon
by the forts on Canton River. Lie obtained permission
from Commodore Armstrong to demand an apology, and,
when this was refused, he attacked the forts, four in
number, with the sloops "Portsmouth" and "Levant,"
breached the largest, and carried them by storm. His
lo was forty, that of the enemy four hundred. When
the Civil War began he was selected to command the
flotilla forming upon the Western waters. It was most
exacting duty, and he himself said the hardest he ever
performed. In February, 1862, having a number of
vessels in readiness, he moved against Fort Henry, in
. connection with General Grant's forces, had a hotly-
contested engagement, and carried the fort before the
army got up. His conduct on this, as on other occa-
sions, was conspicuously fine. A few days after Fort
Donelson was attacked by the united forces, ami, dur-
ing a prolonged engagement, had several of his vessels
disabled and was himself wounded. In conjunction with
General Lope he next operated against Island No. 10,
the strong works there surrendering to him on April 7.
His wound, which his impetuous spirit had caused him
to neglect, now became so troublesome that he was
forced to give up his command. In June he received
the thanks of Congress, and was made a rear-admiral.
I le was also appointed chief of the Bureau of Equipment
and Recruiting. In June, 1863, he was selected to suc-
ceed Rear-Admiral Dupont in command of the fleet off
Charleston; but, while on his way to assume this com-
mand, he died at New York June 26, 1863. He was
a man of a high type of Christian character, with most
genial and lovable traits, but uncompromisingly firm in
his principles, especially in regard to temperance reform
in the navy, where he was the means of abolishing the
spirit-ration. Admiral Smith said of him: "Rear-
Admiral Foote's character is well known in the navy.
One ot the strongest traits was great persistence in any-
thing he undertook . . . He was truly a pious man,
severely an honest man, and a philanthropist of the first
order. He was one of our foremost navy officers — none
before him." By his being the first to break the Con-
federate line of defence, in an hour of great depression.
he raised the hope and prestige of success. Courageous
and successful, he was thoroughly devoted to his pro-
fession, and united the characteristics of both the new and
old schools of the navy.
He wrote "Africa and the American Flag," which
was published in 1 S 3 4 , and excited much attention at
the time.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
153
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL JAMES FORNEY, U.S.M.C.
Lieutenant-Colonel James Forney (United States
Marine Corps) was born in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, on
January 17, 1 844, the son of J. W. Forney.
Colonel Forney was commissioned a second lieuten-
ant March 1, 1861, and served on board the flag-ship
"Roanoke;" became a first lieutenant in September;
was in command of the Marine Barracks at Washing-
ton ; was in command of the Marine Barracks at Ports-
mouth, New Hampshire; ordered to the steam-sloop
" Brooklyn," West Gulf Squadron, and in her partici-
pated in the capture of Forts Jackson and St. Philip,
and the city of New Orleans. In the official report is
stated, " Lieutenant James Forney, commanding marines,
had two guns assigned him, and, with his men, fought
most gallantly." Admiral Farragut detailed him to go
on shore and raise the flag on the Custom-House of
New Orleans. It was the first hoisted there, and he
brought off the Confederate flag, and delivered it to
Captain Craven, of the " Brooklyn." For these services
he was brevetted a captain. While attached to the West
Gulf Squadron he participated in the actions at Clial-
mette, Port Hudson, Grand Gulf, first and second attacks
on Vicksburg, Donaldsonville, Bayou Sara, and Galves-
ti in, Texas. At Brazos Santiago he cut out and captured
four vessels, with valuable cargoes, from under the rebel
batteries. He was commissioned captain in April,
1864.
In July of that year, when a Confederate army under
Early threatened the capital, Forney had command of
the troops at Havre de Grace, Maryland. General French,
in his report of the ensuing operations, writes thus : "The
army of the Confederates, under Jubal Early, was at the
gates of Washington ; communication with the northern
cities was cut off; Gilmore's cavalry had captured a
passenger train (made prisoner of General Franklin)
and then destroyed it, and burned the bridge over Gun-
powder River. The War Department shared in these
fears of disaster, and, by telegraph, all the available
troops at the West were ordered to assemble at Havre
de Grace, Maryland. At the same time a despatch
requested me to assume command of them. In less
than eight hours' time three thousand men had reported,
of all arms of the service. Captain Forney was first on
the ground, with a splendid battalion of troops of the
Marine Corps, and eight field howitzers. These troops
were at once advanced ; a part covered the reconstruction
of the bridges, and others were made to demonstrate
upon the rebel rear and flanks, preparatory to an advance.
The same day the travel through to Baltimore was opened.
Early, threatened in every direction, fell back."
For this duty Captain Forney received the brevet of
lieutenant-colonel, " for meritorious services in defeating
a rebel raid at Gunpowder Bridge."
20
After the war Forney served in the flag-ship " Hart-
ford," in the Asiatic Squadron, as fleet marine officer,
from 1865 to 1868. During an unusually severe and
exhausting expedition in the Island of Formosa, in June,
1867, he commanded the marines. The climate, the
nature of the ground, and the bush-fighting of the natives
rendered this service a particularly trying one. He was
recognized by a brevet of major "for gallant and meri-
torious services in the action with the savages at Formosa,
June 13, 1867."
In October, 1870, Colonel Forney commanded the
marines in the riots which took place in Philadelphia in
consequence of the enforcement of the Fifteenth Amend-
ment, being the first vote of the colored population.
Aided the revenue officers in the task of breaking
up illicit distillation in Philadelphia ; and in September
of 1873 joined the " Minnesota" steam-frigate.
In 1875 and 1876 he was fleet marine officer of the
North Pacific Squadron; in August, 1876, assumed the
command of the marines at League Island, and in
1877-78 commanded the marines at Norfolk, Virginia.
In the summer of 1877, during the labor riots, he com-
manded the second battalion of marines, who were com-
plimented in general orders by the Secretary of the
Navy and by General Hancock. Colonel Barry, of the
Second Artillery, brevet major-general commanding,
says :
" On relieving the marines from further duty under my
command, I shall express the opinion of Major-General
Hancock, and shall find great pleasure in giving expres-
sion also to my own conviction, 'that the services and
military appearance and conduct of the battalion of
Luiited States marines, commanded by Captain Forney,
have been such, while serving in this command, as to
entitle them to commendation and thanks.' "
In command at League Island, Pennsylvania.
154
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
COMMANDHR J. M. FORSYTH, U.S.N.
Commander James McQueen Forsyth was born
on Long Island, Bahamas, January I, 1S42. He came
to Philadelphia when eleven years old, and was edu-
cated in the public schools of that city. At the age
of fifteen he went to sea in the merchant service, and
then, before he was twenty years of age, on August I,
1 861, entered the naval service as a volunteer, under
Commander H. S. Stellwagen, who appointed him
second-class pilot for the Hatteras Expedition, and who
favorably mentioned him in his report of the capture
of Forts Clark and Hatteras. In September, 1861, he
was made acting master's mate, and served thenceforth
in various grades through the war, in the North and
South Atlantic and the West Gulf Squadrons. He was
present in the engagements under Farragut from Forts
Jackson and St. Philip to Vicksburg, the fight at Grand
Gulf, and the engagements with the rebel ram "Arkan-
sas." For good service in these actions he was made
acting ensign in September, 1862; was then attached
to the " Water-Witch," " Pawnee," and monitor " Nan-
tucket," of the South Atlantic Squadron ; took part in
expeditions up St. John's River, and various engagements
with Sumter, Moultrie, and other works at Charleston.
Promoted to acting master August 1, 1864. He was one
of the officers detailed to take north the captured rebel
ram "Columbia," in May. 1865. From 1865 to 1868
served as navigator and executive-officer of the " Nyack,"
of the Pacific Squadron.
Commissioned as master in the regular navy March,
1868, and as lieutenant December 18, 1868. During
1868 and 1869 he was executive-officer of the " Pur-
veyor," on special service. After duty on board the
receiving-ship " Potomac," he became navigator and
executive-officer of the iron-clad " Saugus," of the North
Atlantic Squadron, and then executive-officer of the iron-
clad " Ajax." He was next stationed at the navy-yard
at Philadelphia from May, 1871, to December, 1872, and
then joined the " Supply" as executive-officer. This
vessel was employed on special service in connection with
the Vienna Exposition from January to December, 1873.
For some months after this, Lieutenant Forsyth was
stationed at the Philadelphia Navy- Yard. From March,
1874, to February, 1877, he was navigating officer of the
" Powhatan," North Atlantic Station. Ill health caused
him to take three months' sick-leave, but he was ordered
to the course in torpedo instruction that summer, and for
the rest of 1877 and the whole of 1878 he was on duty
at League Island. He was promoted lieutenant-com-
mander May 9, 1878; served as executive-officer of the
"Constellation" in her special service of Irish relief,
March to June, 1880, and then was for some months
upon " waiting orders." In 1 88 1 , after three months' ser-
vice in the receiving-ship " Colorado," he was ordered
to the " Lancaster," of the Mediterranean Squadron, as
navigating and executive-officer, where he remained until
September, 1884. The " Lancaster" was flag-ship during
this period.
Lieutenant-Commander Forsyth was on leave from
November, 1884, to April, 1885, when he was ordered to
League Island as ordnance officer, and remained there
until June, 1886. At that date he was ordered to the
U. S. Naval Home as assistant to the executive-officer,
and remained on that duty until Jul)-, 1889. He was
promoted to be commander February 14, 18S9.
Commander Forsyth was ordered to the command of
the school-ship " Saratoga," but the orders were revoked
at his own request, and he was then detailed for the
command of the " Tallapoosa," of the Brazil Squadron.
This vessel was condemned and sold on the station in
the early spring of 1S92, and Commander Forsyth re-
turned to the United States bv mail-steamer.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
1 55
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL ROYAL T. FRANK, U.S.A.
Lieutenant-Colonel Royal T. Frank (Second Ar-
tillery) was born in Gray, Cumberland County, Maine,
May 6, 1836, his ancestors being among the pioneer
settlers of that State. He was appointed to the Military
Academy at West Point in 1854, and, graduating four
years later, was assigned to the Eighth Infantry, which
he joined in New Mexico in 1859. In the following
summer he participated in a campaign against the Kiowa
and Comanche Indians of that Territory, and on the
23d of July, while in command of Companies E and K
of his regiment, was engaged in a severe skirmish with
a largely superior number of those Indians near Hatch's
Ranch, New Mexico. His prompt and soldier-like con-
duct in that affair was highly commended by the depart-
ment commander, and was mentioned in orders from the
head-quarters of the army announcing the operations of
that year.
He was promoted first lieutenant May 14, 1861, and
in May, 1861, while en route with a battalion of his regi-
ment under the command of Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel
J. V. D. Reeves, from El Paso, Texas, to the coast, he
was surrendered a prisoner of war near San Antonio,
and was held a prisoner in Texas until exchanged in
February, 1862, when he rejoined his regiment in the
defences of Washington, having been promoted captain
February 27, 1862.
He was in the field with the Army of the Potomac,
and during the Peninsula campaign was on provost duty
at the head-quarters of that army. I le commanded his
regiment during the Maryland and Rappahannock cam-
paign, and was on duty with it during the Gettysburg
campaign. From 1864 to 1866 was acting assistant
adjutant-general of the general recruiting service. He
was made brevet major for gallant and meritorious ser-
vices during the Peninsula campaign, and brevet lieu-
tenant-colonel for gallant and meritorious services in the
battle of Fredericksburg, Virginia.
After the war he was on duty in the South, and during
the reconstruction period commanded the posts or dis-
tricts of Wilmington, North Carolina, and Darlington,
South Carolina, and subsequently was in command at
several other posts until December, 1870, when he was
transferred to the First Artillery. With that regiment
he served at various points, North and South, and was
engaged with it at different times in suppressing civil
disturbances incident to the internal revenue laws, the
political troubles in the South in 1876, and the labor
troubles in Pennsylvania in 1877. In the performance
of these duties he was in command at several important
points, and was mentioned in the reports of General
Hancock and others for especially valuable services. In
1 88 1 his regiment was transferred to the Pacific coast,
where he served until 1886, commanding the posts of
Alcatraz Island and Fort Point, San Francisco harbor.
In June he was ordered to Fort Monroe, Virginia, and
assigned to duty at the Artillery School as superintendent
of the departments of engineering, law, and military art ;
subsequently as senior instructor in the latter depart-
ment. In November, 1888, he was assigned to the com-
mand of the Artillery School and of the post of Fort
Monroe.
Colonel Frank was transferred from the Infantry to the
First Artillery as a captain December 15, 1870. He was
promoted major January 2, 1881, and lieutenant-colonel
of the Second Artillery January 25, 1889.
1 56
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
RKAR-ADMIRAL SAMUEL R. FRANKLIN, U.S.N.
(Kl TIKI D).
Rear-Admiral Samuel R. Franklin was bom in Penn-
sylvania, and appointed midshipman from that State,
February 18, 1841. First served on the frigate "United
States," in the Pacific, and then in the " Relief," store-
ship. Present at the demonstration upon Monterey,
when no resistance was offered, and the place was occu-
pied without a battle. Midshipman Franklin was de-
tained abroad by the event, and was not ordered to the
Naval School until 1847. Passed midshipman August
10, 1847. Served in razee " Independence," Mediter-
ranean, for three years, and on the Coast Survey for two
years. Commissioned lieutenant September 14, 1855;
Naval Academy, 1855-56; sloop "Falmouth," Pra7.il
Squadron, 1857-59; sloop" Macedonian," Home Squad-
ron, 1859-60; sloop " Dakota," Atlantic cast, 1861-62.
When the" Merrimac" came out, on the 8th March, 1862,
Lieutenant Franklin was a volunteer on board the
"Roanoke" at the time the "Congress'' and "Cumber-
land" were destroyed. The " Roanoke" was engaged
with the batteries at Sewell's Point, but grounded soon
.ifter, and was not fairly in action with the rebel iron-
clad. July [6, [862, was commissioned as lieutenant-
commander, and ordered to command "Aroostook,"
gun-boat, James River Flotilla. In 1863 proceeded in
same vessel to the West Gulf Blockading Squadron ;
was upon special duty in New Orleans in 1864; chief
of staff of West Gulf Blockading Squadron, under Bell,
Palmer, and Thatcher ; was the naval representative in
the demand for the surrender of the city of Mobile, in
the spring of [865. After the war commanded "Sagi-
naw," North Pacific Squadron, 1866-67; on special duty
in regard to laying a cable across Bering's Straits.
Commissioned commander September, 1866; ordnance
duty, navy-yard, California, 1868-69. In 1869-70 com-
manded " Mohican," North Pacific Squadron, and took
the scientific party to Plover Bay, Siberia, to observe the
total eclipse of the sun.
Equipment duty, Mare Island Navy-Yard, 1870-72;
commissioned captain August 13, 1872; commanded
"Wabash," European Station, 1873; also served as chief
of staff to Admiral Case. When the flag was shifted
to the " Franklin," Captain Franklin commanded her,
and was chief of staff to Rear-Admiral Worden ; presi-
dent of Board for Promotion of Officers, navy-yard, Nor-
folk, 1877; promoted to commodore May 1881 ; special
duty, Washington, 1881—83; previous to which served
as hydrographer to the Bureau of Navigation ; superin-
tendent of Naval Observatory, 1884-85. In that posi-
tion represented United States of Colombia in the In-
ternational Conference to establish a prime meridian ;
promoted rear-admiral January, 1885; ordered to com-
mand of European Station February, 1885, with " Pensa-
cola" as flag-ship. Remained on that station until re-
lieved, and retired, under operation of the law, in Au-
gust, 1887.
.Although Admiral Franklin was on the retired list,
he was, in February, 1889, appointed by President Cleve-
land as one of the delegates on the part of the United
States to the International Marine Conference, and was
chosen president of that body upon its assembly at
Washington, on October 16, 1889. Admiral Franklin
had two brothers in the army. One was the very dis-
tinguished General William B. Franklin, the commander
of an army corps of the Army of the Potomac. The
other, younger, was in the Twelfth Infantry, and resigned,
soon after the late war, to engage in the superintendence
of extensive iron-works.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
'57
COLONEL AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL WILLIAM
B. FRANKLIN, U.S.A.
Colonel and Brevet Major-General William B.
Franklin was born in Pennsylvania, and graduated at
the Military Academy July i, 1843. He was promoted
brevet second lieutenant of the Topographical Engi-
neers in 1845 ; he was detailed as topographical officer on
General Kearney's expedition to the South Pass of the
Rocky Mountains, in the same year.
Promoted second lieutenant in the same corps Septem-
ber 21, 1846, he served in the war with Mexico, partici-
pating in General Wool's march through Coahuila during
1846-47, being engaged in the battle of Buena Vista
February 22-23, l%47> anc' brevetted first lieutenant for
this engagement " for gallant and meritorious conduct."
On Jul)- 21, 1848, Lieutenant Franklin was ordered to
the Military Academy as assistant professor of natural
and experimental philosophy, which he retained until
January 9, 1852.
He was promoted first lieutenant March 3, 1853, and
captain in his corps July 1, 1857, was secretary of the
Light-House Board from March 3, 1857, until November
1, 1S59, when he was detailed as superintending engineer
in charge of the extension of the capitol (including the
new dome), and of the General Post-Office at Washing-
ton, D. C, until March 3, 1861, when he was made chief
of the Construction Bureau of the U. S. Treasury De-
partment and superintending engineer of the Treasury
Building Extension until May 14, [861, at which date he
was appointed colonel of the Twelfth U. S. Infantry.
Colonel Franklin was appointed brigadier-general of
volunteers May 17, [861, and was engaged at New York
City until June 30, 1 86 1, in receiving and forwarding
volunteers. He then entered the field, ami was in com-
mand of a brigade in the Manassas campaign, being
engaged in the battle of first Bull Run July 21, 1861.
He was placed in command at Alexandria, Virginia,
August 1, 1 861, and from September 1, 1861, to March,
1862, was in command of a division in the defences of
Washington. He entered on the Peninsula campaign
with the Army of the Potomac, in command of a divi-
sion, in March, 1862, and was assigned to the command
of the Sixth Army Corps in the following May, which
he retained until August, 1862, being engaged in the
siege of Yorktown, combat of West Point, Virginia (in
command); action at Golding's Farm, battle of White
Oak Bridge, battle of Savage Station, battle of Malvern
Hill, and skirmish at Harrison's Landing.
Appointed major-general of volunteers July 4, 1862,
and participated in the Maryland campaign, being en-
gaged (in command) at the battle of Crampton's Gap,
South Mountain ; and was also engaged at the battle
of Antietam, September 17, 1862. After McClellan's re-
lief from the command of the Army of the Potomac, he
was placed in command of the Left Grand Division
(First and Sixth Corps) of the Army of the Potomac to
January 24, 1863, having been engaged in the battle of
Fredericksburg, Virginia, December 11- 14, 1862; was
on waiting orders to June 27, 1863, when he was ordered
to the Department of the Gulf, being in command of the
troops in and about Baton Rouge, Louisiana, to August
15, 1863, when he commanded the expedition to Sabine
Pass, Texas, and was in command of the Nineteenth
Army Corps, and of the troops in Western Louisiana,
and took part in the Red River Expedition, being en-
gaged in the battle of Sabine Cross-Roads, April 8, 1864,
where he was wounded, but, continuing on duty, was in
the battle of Pleasant Hill, April 9, 1864, and action of
Monette's Crossing of Cane River, April 23, 1864.
While on sick-leave from April 29 to December 2,
1S64, he was captured by rebel raiders in the Philadel-
phia and Baltimore Railroad cars, July 11, 1864, but
escaped during the next night; was president of board
for retiring disabled officers, at Wilmington, to Novem-
ber 10, 1865, when he was granted leave of absence to
March 15, 1866, when he resigned from the army,
having resigned his volunteer commission November 10,
1865. March 13, 1865, he was brevetted major-general
U. S. Army " for gallant and meritorious services in the
field during the Rebellion."
Upon entering civil life, General Franklin became gen-
eral agent of Colt's Fire-Arms Mf. Co., at Hartford, Conn.,
from November 15, 1865. He is the only citizen of the
United States upon whom has been conferred the French
decoration of "Grand Officier de la Legion d'Honneur."
Has been President of the Board of Managers of the
National House for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers since
April 21, 1880.
1 58
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
MAJOR HENRY BLANCHARD FREEMAN, U.S.A.
Major Henry Blanchard Freeman (Sixteenth In-
fantry) was born in Ohio January 17, 1837. At the com-
mencement of the war of the Rebellion he entered the
regular service as private in Company B, Second Battalion,
Eighteenth Infantry, July 8, 1861 ; was promoted first
sergeant, and was discharged November 4. 1861 , to accept
the appointment of second lieutenant of the Eighteenth
Infantry to date from October 30, 1861.
1 le served in the Army of the Cumberland in 1862-63,
and was engaged in siege of Corinth, Perryville, Ken-
tucky, Hoover's Gap, Tennessee, Monroe Cross Ro
North Carolina, cavalry combat at Solemn Grove, North
1 arolina, and the battles of Murfreesborough and
Chickamauga. He was made prisoner of war in Sep-
tember, [863, and escaped from Libby prison, Rich-
mond, through the famous tunnel, February 14, 1864,
but was recaptured three days later on Appomattox
River, above City Point. He was one of the officers
placed under the fire from Union batteries at Charleston,
South Carolina, in August, 1864. He again escaped
from a railway train on the Savannah and Charleston
Railroad, the same month, but surrendered to avoid star-
vation. In November, 1864, he escaped from prison, Camp
Sorghum, near Columbia, South Carolina, in November,
1S64, and was recaptured ten days later. For the fourth
time he escaped from prison at Columbia, South Caro-
lina, February 14, 1S65, and joined General Sherman's
army, and was with the Seventeenth Corps from that date
to April, 1865, when he was on duty with the head-
quarter.-, of Kilpatrick's Cavalry Corps, from Winsbor-
ough, South Carolina, to Fayetteville, North Carolina.
He was promoted first lieutenant May 30, 1862, and
captain J Lily 28, 1866, and received the brevets of cap-
tain December 31, 1862, for "gallant and meritorious
services in the battle of Murfreesborough., Tennessee;"
and major September 20, 1 863, for "gallant and meri-
torious services in the battle of Chickamauga, Georgia."
Lieutenant Freeman was adjutant of the First Battal-
ion of the Eighteenth Infantry from March 16, 1863
to November 1, 1865, and was acting assistant adjutant-
general of the Seventeenth Army Corps from February
14, 1865 to April, 1865.
Captain Freeman served with his regiment on the
frontier in the Department of the Platte at Forts Phil
Kearney and Reno from 1 866 to 1869, and was on the
Republican River campaign of the latter year. Depart-
ment of Dakota from April, 1870, to 1882. He com-
manded two companies and a detachment of the Seventh
Infantry against the half breeds on Milk River, Montana,
in the fall of 1871, and then was stationed at Camp
Baker, Montana, to July, 1875. He was in command of
six companies of the Seventh Infantry in the Sioux cam-
paign of 1876, and commanded the escort to the Sitting
Bull Commission to Fort Walsh, Canada, in 1877. He
was in command of the troops at Rock Springs, Wyo-
ming, from July 13, 1887, to September 20, 1889, and
was then detailed on special recruiting service at St. Paul,
Minnesota, December 16, 1890, when he was detailed as
a member of the board to select a magazine-gun for the
army, on which duty he is at present in New York
City.
He was promoted major of infantry June 19, iS9i,and
assigned to the Sixteenth Regiment.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
159
MAJOR-GENERAL JOHN CHARLES FREMONT, U.S.A..
F.R.G.S. (deceased).
Major- General John Charles Fremont, F.R.G.S.,
Chevalier of the Prussian " Order of Merit," etc., was
of Huguenot parentage on his father's side, and con-
nected with the Washington family on his mother's. He
received from the Charleston College the degree of
Bachelor and Master of Arts ; his mathematical attain-
ments especially fitted him for his after-life. In 1838 he
was appointed second lieutenant Topographical Engi-
neers, U.S.A., and was Nicollet's assistant in the two
explorations north of the Missouri in 1838-39. After
the second of these he married Jessie Benton, daughter
of Senator Thomas H. Benton. In 1S42 he made the
first of the great explorations in the then unmapped
West, and continued them through the years 1842,
1843-44, 1845-46-47, 1848-49, 1853-54. The third
resulted in the conquest of California by Captain Fre-
mont, to whom the government sent as special messenger
Lieutenant Archibald Gillespie, with instructions that
the President intended to take possession of California.
Captain Fremont was the only army officer then in that
Mexican province, and he acted for his government.
Later, General Kearney attempted to supersede Com-
modore Stockton, the provisional military governor.
Failing this, he ordered Captain Fremont to desert
Stockton. Captain Fremont refused, and was court-
martialled, being thus kept from the command of his
regiment during the Mexican War. He was sentenced to
dismissal, but the President disapproved of and re-
mitted the sentence. Colonel Fremont considered the
sentence unjust, and resigned. Lie had previously re-
ceived a double brevet at the instigation of General
Scott, and had been appointed military governor of Cali-
fornia. He then made the exploration of 1848-49, in
which one-third of the party died from exposure and
starvation. He was appointed by the government com-
missioner to run the boundary between the United States
and Mexico ; and, later, elected first V. S. Senator from
California to Congress. In 1853 he made his last
exploration across the Rocky Mountains ; the last two
explorations were made at his own expense. In 1856 he
was nominated for the Presidency by the just-formed
Republican part)', which was defeated. He was in Eng-
land at the breaking out of the war in 1861 ; offered his
services, and commenced buying arms for the govern-
ment on his own credit and responsibility ; received his
appointment as major-general in the regular army and
was assigned to command the Western Department. He
was given by President Lincoln unlimited powers in his
own department. In three months he organized and
equipped one hundred thousand men, having to buy and
manufacture most of the weapons and clothing. He
recognized the abilities of LT. S. Grant, and gave him his
first independent command, against the advice of those
who had known Captain Grant, and after the War 1 tepart-
ment and General McClellan had refused to do so. He
was the first to build iron-clad gun-boats. August 30,
1861, General Fremont issued his proclamation, emanci-
pating the slaves of rebels in his department. He cleared
Missouri of rebels, but, owing to political influences,
General Fremont was superseded by Hunter on the eve
of battle. Hunter immediately retreated from a far in-
ferior force, his trains and rear-guard suffering severe-
loss at the rebels' hands. General Fremont was then
placed in command of the Mountain Department, Vir-
ginia, and came in on Jack-son's rear during the latter's
retreat down the Valley of the Shenandoah in [862, pur-
suing him for six days, and fighting a battle with ten thou-
sand five hundred men against Jackson's seventeen thou-
sand, the forces under Fremont remaining on the field.
Serious political and personal controversy between
Fremont and Lincoln caused the latter to refuse Fre-
mont another command, and Fremont resigned, to accept,
fune 4, 1864, the nomination to the Presidency, tendered
him by the convention which met at Cleveland, Ohio.
The division of the Republican party following the rival
candidacy of Fremont and Lincoln would have resulted
in the election of the Democratic candidate, and Lincoln
sent Senator Zach. Chandler to Fremont, to ask him to
withdraw, and General Fremont did so, to save the party.
General Fremont now embarked his large fortune in
the building of a trans-continental railway, but through
the dishonest}' of agents lost every dollar. In March,
1878, a full release on all accounts and charges was given
General Fremont, the courts having found that the
charges made against him in 1872 by these agents were
altogether false. In 1878 General Fremont was appointed
Governor of Arizona Territory. In 1890 General Fre-
mont was placed on the retired list of the army, with his
former rank of major-general. Died July 13, 1890.
i6o
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY {regular)
CAPTAIN J. H. GAGF.BY. U.S.A.
Captain I. H. Gageby (Third Infantry) was born at
fohnstown, Pennsylvania, September 5, 1836. He is of
Scotch-Irish descent. His grandfather, James Gageby,
was in Independence Hall when the Declaration of Inde-
pendence was read, and fought through the entire Revo-
lutionary War and afterwards settled 111 Westmoreland
Count)-, Pennsylvania.
Entered the army as sergeant of Company K, Third
Pennsylvania Volunteers, April 19, 1 861, and was actively
engaged at the battle of Falling Waters, Virginia, July
2, 1S61. lie enlisted in the Nineteenth U. S. Infantry
October 25, 1861, and was appointed first sergeant
from the date of his enlistment. His company joined
the Army of the Potomac at Harrison's Landing July 4,
1862, and was with it through the battles of South
Mountain and Antietam, Maryland, and Fredericksburg,
Virginia, when it was transferred to the Army of the
( iumberland March, 1863.
He was appointed a second lieutenant of the Nine-
teenth Infantry June 1, 1S63, and promoted first lieuten-
ant December 28, 1 863.
He was in command of Company G, Nineteenth In-
fantry, at the battle of Hoover's Gap, Tennessee, June
20, [863, for which he was brevetted for " gallant and
meritorious services in action."
lie was actively engaged in several severe skirmishes
during the march to the battle of Chickamauga, in which
latter engagement he was wounded and made a prisoner
of war September 20, 1S63, and was again brevetted for
gallant anil meritorious services in this battle.
He remained a prisoner of war in the different South-
ern prisons, — Atlanta, Augusta, Libby Prison, Virginia;
Danville, Virginia; Macon, Georgia ; Charleston, South
Carolina (under the fire of our own artillery in 1S64);
Columbia, South Carolina; Charlotte, Raleigh, Golds-
borough, and Wilmington, North Carolina, from which
place he was exchanged on parole March 1, 1865.
Total length of imprisonment, seventeen months and
ten days.
Lieutenant Gageby was one of Colonel Rose's party,
when the latter commenced work on the second tunnel
to escape from Libby Prison, at Richmond, Virginia.
Although he did not actually work in the tunnel, he
performed the necessary duty in the prison to prevent its
discovery while in progress. He was Number 23, of the
one hundred and ten who escaped by the famous tunnel
in February, 1864, but he was, unfortunately, recaptured
and confined in the dungeon at Libby Prison several
days, and subsequently transferred to the prisons farther
South.
Lieutenant Gageby was appointed a captain July 28,
1 866, and assigned to the Thirty-seventh United States
Infantry.
In the winter of 1868-69 he was in command of the
Infantry column with Colonel Evans's expedition against
the Comanches, and was actively engaged in the fight
with those Indians all day of Christmas, 186S, in which
their village of sixty lodges was destroyed. Colonel
Evans's letter to him, concerning the fight, says, " The
marching of your men was the talk and wonder of the
column, and you held the line until their supplies were
destroyed; and on no one did I place more dependence
than yourself, and you are eminently deserving of a
brevet for this fight, — certainly as much so as my-
self."
Captain Gageby participated also in the campaign of
General Brooke against the Mesceleros and Sierra
Diablo Lipan Apache Indians in April and May, 1869,
and was then transferred to the Third Infantry August
1 1 , 1 S69.
From 1874 to 1S77, the captain was employed on
" reconstruction duty" in the Bayou Teche district ot
Louisiana, and several letters commendatory of his ser-
vice there are on file in the War Department, from Mr.
Packard and others.
He was on leave at his home in Johnstown, Pennsyl-
vania, at the time of the great flood in 1889, and was
placed on duty there for several months by order of the
Secretary of War.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
161
CAPTAIN FRANK DILLON GARRETTY, U.S.A.
Captain Frank Dillon Garrettv (Seventeenth In-
fantry) was born in Ireland February 4, 1 829. He
entered the military service as second lieutenant of Com-
pany G, Fifteenth Kentucky Infantry, December 14,
1 861. He served with the Army of the West during
the war of the Rebellion, and was with his regiment
in the spring of 1862, at the capture of Howling Green,
Kentucky; Nashville, Murfreesborough, Shelbyville, and
Fayetteville, Tennessee ; and Huntsville, Alabama. He
marched with his regiment, August 31, 1862, to Perry -
ville, Kentucky, and engaged in the battle of Perryville,
October 8, 1862, where he was wounded. He was
honorably discharged June 2j, 1863, for physical disa-
bility.
He received his commission as first lieutenant of the
Veteran Reserve Corps October 2, 1863, and was guard-
ing prisoncrs-of-war at Indianapolis, and Camp Doug-
las, at Chicago, during the years 1864-65. He was on
duty in the State of Louisiana from January, 1866, to
April, 1869, as agent and acting commissioner of the
Freedmen's Bureau. While on this duty, he was com-
missioned as second lieutenant of the Forty-third In-
fantry July 28, 1866, and first lieutenant January 11,
1868. He was ordered on duty in the State of Iowa, as
agent of the Sac and Fox Indians, 1869-70. On the
15th of December, 1870, Lieutenant Garretty was trans-
ferred to the Seventeenth Infantry, and was on dutv
with his regiment in Dakota, from 1871 to 1886, partici-
pating with his company on the Stanley expedition in
1872, and also on the Custer campaign of 1876.
Lieutenant Garretty was promoted captain June 26,
1882, and moved with his regiment from Dakota to Fort
D. A. Russell, Wyoming, in 1886. He was on recruit-
ing duty at Chicago, Illinois, and St. Paul, Minnesota,
from 1886 to 1888, and with his company and regiment
during 1889-90, when he was again placed on recruiting
duty in October, 1890.
1 62
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
COLONEL AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL GEORGE
W. GETTY, U.S.A. (retired).
Colonel and Bkevet Major-Genekal George W.
Getty was born in Georgetown, D. C, in 1819, and
was graduated at the Military Academy in the Class
oi 1840. Receiving his appointment as second lieu-
tenant (if the Fourth U. S. Artillery, he was assigned
to duty in the State of Michigan, and was engaged
during the fall and winter of 1840-41 in removing the
Pottawatomie tribe of Indians from that State to their
reservation west of the Mississippi River, and on the
Northern frontier during the Canada-border disturbances,
1841-42; served in the war with Mexico, 1847-48, and
was in the battles of Contreras, Churubusco, and Molino
del Rev; the storming of Chapultepec and assault and
capture of City of Mexico, and received the brevet of
captain for " gallant and meritorious conduct in the battles
of Contreras and Churubusco;" was afterwards engaged
in the Florida hostilities against the Seminole Indians,
1849-50 and 1856-57; on frontier duty, 1857-60, in
quelling disturbances in that State. Served during the
Rebellion, being engaged with Confederate batteries on
the Potomac River near Budd's Ferry, Maryland; Vir-
ginia Peninsula campaign; engaged in the siege of
Yorktown, battles of Gaines' Mill and Malvern Hill; in
the Maryland campaign, Army of the Potomac, being
engaged in the battles of South Mountain and Antietam,
and the march to Falmouth, Virginia: served in the
Rappahannock campaign, Army of the Potomac, being
engaged in the battle of Fredericksburg, Virginia; in
the operations about Suffolk, Virginia, on the line of the
Nansemond River; in command of the Third Division
of the Ninth Army Corps during the defence of Suffolk,
April 1 I, May 3, 1863 ; in command of storming column
in the assault of Hill's Point Works and Battery, April
19, 1863 ; in the Richmond campaign, being engaged in
the battle of the Wilderness, where he was severely
wounded while in command of the division; in the siege
of Petersburg, and expedition to Reams' Station and
Weldon Railroad, 1864; in the defence of Washington
City, July 11-12, 1864, and in the pursuit of the army
under General Early to the Shenandoah Valley, July 13
to \ugust 9, 1864; in the Shenandoah campaign, being
engaged in the action of Charlestown, battles of Opequan,
Fisher's Hill, and Cedar Creek-; served in the siege of
Petersburg, being engaged in the assaults of March 25
and April 2, 1865, upon the enemy's works; in the
pursuit of the Army of Northern Virginia, being en-
gaged in the battle of Sailor's Creek, April 6, 1865, and
was at the capitulation of General R. E. Lee, with that
army. General Getty was appointed lieutenant-colonel
and aide-de-camp in September, 1861 ; brigadier-gen-
eral of volunteers September 25, 1862, in which latter
grade he served until mustered out of the volunteer ser-
vice October 9, 1866. He passed through the various
grades in the regular service from lieutenant to major,
and was made colonel of the Thirty-seventh U. S. In-
fantry July 28, 1866, and afterwards transferred to the
Third Infantry, subsequently to the Third Artillery, and
finally to the Fourth Artillery, from which he was retired
for age October 2, 1883. General Getty was, for gallant
and meritorious services, made brevet lieutenant-colonel
during the siege of Suffolk; colonel, for battle of the
Wilderness ; brigadier-general, for capture of Petersburg ;
major-general, for services during the war ; major-general
of volunteers, for Winchester and Fisher's Hill, Virginia.
The petition of General Getty to Congress to be retired
on the grade of major-general received the following
complimentary indorsement :
" Head-quarters of the Army, Washington, D. C,
January 26, 1883. — . . . George Getty as a boy and man,
through a long, eventful life, has been a model gentleman
and soldier, of unexceptional habits, of superior intelli-
gence, and high professional acquirements. lie has al-
ways been selected in war and peace for high and
responsible commands. Modest to a fault, he has never
pushed himself forward into undue prominence, but has
done well all that he was appointed to do, and has always
been sought for by his services for posts requiring high
qualification and professional excellence. ... I most re-
spectfully represent that the principle of common justice
seems to demand that General Getty should, during his
lew remaining years, have, for the support of himself and
of his dependent family, the retired pay of a major-gen-
eral. Even this will fall far short of compensation for the
labor and responsibility imposed on him by superior au-
thority in exacting from him the work of a major-general
on the pay of a colonel.
(Signed) "W. T. Sherman, General."
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
163
REAR-ADMIRAL BANCROFT GHERARDI, U.S.N.
Rear-Admiral Bancroft Gherardi is now the
senior officer on the active list of the U. S. Navy, and is
credited in the official register with nearly twenty-five
years of sea-service, while his " shore duty" has comprised
almost every variety of employment which can fall to the
lot of a naval officer. He is the nephew of the eminent
historian, George Bancroft, who was the Secretary of the
Navy to whom the U. S. Naval Academy is indebted for
its existence more than to any other one person ; and who
was for so many years, our excellent Minister at the Court
of Berlin.
Admiral Gherardi was born in Louisiana November
IO, 1832, but was appointed from Massachusetts in June,
1 846. He made a cruise of nearly f< mr years in the line-
of-battle ship " Ohio" during the Mexican War, and after-
wards. He then served in the " Saranac," of the Home
Squadron, and, after a course at the U. S. Naval Academy,
became passed midshipman in 1852 ; after a cruise in the
Mediterranean, he was promoted master in 1 S 5 5 ; and
lieutenant in the same year. He next served in the
" Saratoga," Home Squadron; the Boston rendezvous;
and the steam-sloop " Lancaster," in the Pacific. He
was commissioned lieutenant-commander July, 1862;
and attached to the South Atlantic Blockading Squad-
ron. In an engagement with Fort Macon, 1862 ; steam-
sloop " Mohican ;" on special service in 1S63. He was
then ordered to the West Gulf Blockading Squadron, in
which he commanded the " Chocura" and the " Port
Royal ;" he took part in the battle of Mobile Bay, August
5, 1864, in the latter vessel. He next commanded the
" Pequot," in the North Atlantic Squadron, until the close
of the war.
He was commissioned as commander July 25, 1866,
and was stationed at Philadelphia at the naval ren-
dezvous and the navy-yard until 1870. He then took
command of the "Jamestown," in the Pacific, and of the
receiving-ship " Independence" at Mare Island, after leav-
ing the "Jamestown."
He was commissioned as captain in November, 1874,
and commanded the flag-ship " Pensacola," of the North
Pacific Station, for two years. From 1877 to 1880 he
was in command of the receiving-ship " Colorado."
After this he was for three years in command of the
" Lancaster," flag-ship of the European Squadron. When
the " Lancaster" came home he obtained a year's leave
to travel in Europe, and during that time he received
his promotion as commodore. In 1884-85 he was a
member of the Examining Board, and in 1885-86 was
governor of the Naval Asylum at Philadelphia. His
promotion as rear-admiral dates from August, 1887,
when he was ordered to the command of the navy-yard
at New York. In 1889 he was ordered to the command
of the North Atlantic Station, which he retains at this
writing.
164
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND XAVY (regular)
BRIGADIER- AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL JOHN
GIBBON, U.S.A. (retired).
Brigadier- and Brevet Major-General John Gib-
bon was born in Pennsylvania April 20, 1827, and grad-
uated from the Military Academy July 1, [847. He-
was promoted brevet second lieutenant, Third Artillery,
the same day, and second lieutenant, Fourth Artillery,
September 13, 1847. He served in the war with Mexico,
at the City of Mexico and Toluca, in 1 847, and in garrison
at Fort Monroe in 1848. Hewas then ordered to Florida,
and participated in the hostilities against the Seminole
Indians until 1S50, when hewas promoted first lieutenant
and ordered to Texas, serving at Fort Brown and Ring-
gold Barracks until 1S52. After availing himself of a
leave of absence, hewas employed in removing the Semi-
nole Indians from Florida to the west of the Mississippi
from May to August, 1S54, upon the conclusion of which
he was detailed at the Military Academy as assistant
instructor ol artillery, as quartermaster, and as a member
of a board to test breech-loading rifles to 1857.
He was promoted captain November 2, 1859, and was
on sick-leave of absence in 1859-60. In 1860-61 lie was
on frontier dutyin Utah, and marched from Fort Critten-
den, Utah, to fort Leavenworth, Kansas, at the breaking
out of the war of the Rebellion.
Captain Gibbon served as chief of artillery of General
McDowell's division in the fall and winter of 1861-62,
and was appointed a brigadier-general of volunteers May
2, 1862, and assigned to the command of a brigade in
the Department of the Rappahannock. He took part in
all the campaigns of the Army of the Potomac, and was
engaged in the action of Gainesville, battles of second
Bull Run, South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg
(wounded), Marye Heights, and Gettysburg, where he
was severely wounded while commanding the Second
Army Corps.
He was then on leave of absence, on account of wounds,
to November 15, 1S63, when he was placed in command
of the draft depot at Cleveland, Ohio, for a short time,
but subsequently transferred to Philadelphia, where he
remained until March 21, 1864.
Upon rejoining for duty in the field. General Gibbon
was assigned to the command of a division in the Second
Army Corps, and participated in the Richmond campaign
of 1864, being engaged in the battles of the Wilderness,
Spottsylvania, North Anna, Tolopotomy, Cold Harbor, and
the siege of Petersburg. He was appointed major-general
of volunteers June 7, 1864, and was assigned to the com-
mand of the Twenty-fourth Army Corps (Army of the
James 1, and while in command of that corps participated
in the campaign of 1865, and was engaged in the assaults
on the enemy's works April 1 and 2, and the pursuit of
the enemy, terminating in the surrender of Lee's army at
Appomattox Court-House April 9, 1865, he being one
of the commissioners to can'}- into effect the stipulations
for the surrender.
He was brevetted for gallant and meritorious services
as follows: Major, September 17, 1862, for Antietam;
lieutenant-colonel, December 13, 1S62, for Fredericks-
burg; colonel, July 4, 1863, for Gettysburg; brigadier-
general, March 13, [865, for Spottsylvania; major-general,
same date, for capture of Petersburg.
After being on various duties until January 15, [866,
General Gibbon was mustered out of the volunteer ser-
\ ice, and was a member of the board to make recom-
mendations for brevet promotions. He was appointed
colonel of the Thirty-sixth Infantry July 28, 1866, and
served with his regiment on the frontiers at various posts
in the West and Northwest. He was, in the consoli-
dation of regiments, transferred to the Seventh Infantry
March 15, 1869,3111! participated with his regiment in
the expedition against hostile Sioux Indians in 1S76, and
was also engaged with the Nez Perces Indians in 1877.
Wounded at battle of Big Hole, Montana Territory,
August 9, 1877.
General Gibbon was appointed brigadier-general U. S.
Arm)- Jul)' 10, 1885, and was assigned to the command
of the Department of the Columbia, but in 18S9 was
placed in command of the Military Division of the Pacific,
which command he retained until retired, by operation
of law, April 20, 1 89 1.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
165
MEDICAL DIRECTOR ALBERT LEARY GIHON, U.S.N.
Medical Director Albert Leary Gihon was born
in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, September 28, 1833; re-
ceived degrees of A. B. 1850, M.D. 1852, and A.M. 1854;
was Professor of Chemistry and Toxicology in the Phila-
delphia College of Medicine and Surgery, 1853-54.
Entered navy as assistant surgeon May i, 1855 ; first
duty on board receiving-ship " Union," navy-yard, Phila-
delphia ; attached to sloop-of-war " Levant," East India
Station, 1855-58 ; was in the sloop-of-war " Portsmouth's"
gig, November 15, 1856, when fired upon by the Chinese
while attempting to pass the Barrier Forts on the Pearl
River, near Canton, and participated as one of the landing
party, in the subsequent engagements, which resulted
in the capture of these forts, November 16, 20, 21, and
22, 1856; attached to brig "Dolphin," 1858-59, dining
Paraguay Expedition ; and to sloop-of-war " Preble,"
1859, on the coast of Central America and Panama.
Became passed assistant surgeon May 1, i860; Naval
Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, 1860-61 ; brig " Perry,"
1 86 1, on the blockade of Fernandina, Florida, and
cruising off the Atlantic coast of the Southern States,
capturing the rebel privateer "Savannah," the first Con-
federate letter-of-marque, May 1, 1861.
Promoted to surgeon, August 1, 1861 ; naval rendez-
vous, New York ; sloop-of-war " St. Louis," 1862-65, on
special service upon European Station and cruising
among the Atlantic Islands after Confederate steamers
" Alabama," " Florida," ami " Georgia"; and in latter part
of 1S64 on blockade of coast of South Carolina; senior
medical officer, navy-yard, Portsmouth, New Hampshire,
1865-68;
He was attached to United States ship " Idaho," 1868-
70, anchored at Nagasaki, Japan, as hospital-ship for the
Asiatic Station, and was on board during the memorable
typhoon of September 21, 1869, when ship was wrecked
by passing through centre of a cyclone, with barometer
at 27.62 in. ; for services rendered Portuguese colony at
Dilly, Island of Timor, and the Portuguese men-of-war
" Principe Dom Carlos" and " Sa da Bandeira," received
from the King of Portugal, with the consent of Congress,
the decoration of Knight of the Military Order of Christ ;
for services to H. B. M. ships " Flint" and " Dawn," the
thanks of the British government ; and for similar services
to the French gun-boat " Scorpion" those of the Com-
mander-in-Chief of the French East India Station ; special
duty at New York, 1870; subsequently marine rendez-
vous, Phila. ; and later member of Naval Medical Board
of Examiners at Phila., 1870-72, and at Washington,
I872-73-
Promoted to medical inspector November 7, 1872;
special duty at Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Navy
Department, 1873, and same year ordered to flag-ship
" Wabash" as surgeon-of-the-fleet on the European
Station ; at Key West, Florida, with naval expedition of
[874, and returned to European Station as surgcon-of-
the-fleet, on board the flag-ship "Franklin," 1874-75;
head of medical department at Naval Academy, Annap-
olis, Maryland, 1875-80; at request of chief of Bureau
of Medicine and Surgery designed and superintended
construction of model of hospital-ship for Centennial
Exhibition at Philadelphia, 1867, and at same Exhibition
presented "Ambulance Cot," bearing his name, which
was approved by Board of Officers, Jul}' 5, 1877, and
adopted for use in the navy; appointed Inspector of Re-
cruits and Recruiting Stations, November 20, 187S.
Commissioned medical director August 20, 1879; in
charge of Naval Hospital, Norfolk, Va., 1880; member
of Board of Inspection of the Navy, 1880-83 ; in charge
of the Naval Hospital, Washington, D. C, 1883-86; of
Naval Hospital, Mare Island, California, 1886-88; and
of Naval Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, 1888-92.
Has represented the Medical Department of the Navy
since 1876 to the present time in the prominent national
medical, sanitary, and climatological associations and in-
ternational medical congresses, and been honored by
election to their highest offices ; is member of various
American and foreign historical and scientific societies,
fellow and ex-president of the American Academy of
Medicine, and member of the military order of the Loyal
Legion of the United States.
He is the author of numerous papers and addresses
on Naval Hygiene, Public Health, Sanitary Reform,
State Medicine, Higher Medical Education, Vital Statis-
tics, Medical Demography, and Climatology; contri-
butor to literary magazines and other periodicals, and of
articles on medical and surgical subjects to professional
journals and other publications; and since 1887 one of
the editors of the "Annual of the Universal Medical
Sciences."
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND XAVY IREGUlab)
CAPTAIN ERASMUS C. GILBREATH, U.S.A.
Captain Erasmus C. Gilbreath (Eleventh Infantry)
was born in Guernsey County, Ohio, May 13, 1840, and
entered the volunteer service as first lieutenant of tin
Twentieth Indiana Infantry July 22, 1861. Hewas pro-
moted captain December 7, 1862, and major of the same
regiment July 27, 1863. He served in the First Brigade,
First Division of the Third Army Corps, from June 8,
1862, to the breaking up of the Third Corps in March,
1 Si 14, participating in the campaigns of that corps with
the Army of the Potomac, and engaged in the action at
Chickamicomico, near Fort Hatteras, the " Merrimac"
fight with the " Congress" and " Cumberland," action at
1 >ak Grove, Virginia, Seven Days' Battles, skirmish at
Rappahannock Station, battles of second Bull Run,
Chantilly, Fredericksburg (where he was wounded),
Chancellorsville (slightly wounded), Gettysburg, Kelly's
Ford, Mine Run (especially Locust Grove), the Wil-
derness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, siege of Peters-
burg,— including all the movements and operations of
the Third Division Second Army Corps, from March to
1 ii tober, 1864.
Honorably mustered out of the Twentieth Indiana In-
fantry < >ctober 19, 1864, and was appointed captain and
assistant quartermaster of volunteers January 23, 1865,
from which position he was mustered out July 28, 180;,
and appointed lieutenant-colonel in Hancock's Corps, on
the approval of Major-General Hancock, February 14,
1865. He 1 ommanded the Twentieth Indiana during the
battle of Gettysburg, from the time of the death of Colonel
Wheeler, at the beginning of the action, to the 1 lose of
the fighting on the 2d ; Lieutenant-Colonel Taylor having
been wounded, acted as major from the 4th of fuly, 1863,
when commissioned, though not formally mustered into
service as major until July 2;, [863. He commanded
the Seventeenth Maine Infantry, by order of Major-Gen-
eral D. B. Birney, from June 17 to about June 30, 1864,
and was in command of that regiment in the charge
on the Confederate lines in front of Petersburg, June 17,
1864, and again in the charge at the Hare House, June
18, 1864.
Captain Gilbreath entered the regular service as first
lieutenant of the P'ifteenth Infantry February 23, 1866,
was transferred to the Twenty-fourth Infantry September
j 1, [866, ami again transferred to the Eleventh Infantry
April 25, 1869.
He was assigned to various complicated duties in
connection with the reconstruction of the States of Mis-
sissippi and Texas ; in Mississippi, sub-commissioner
of Freedmen's Bureau in charge of that district, having
charge of the counties now called Copiah, Simpson,
Lincoln, Lawrence, Amite, Pike, and Marion, — eighteen
thousand freedmen living in the district. He had charge
of the registration and election in the counties named in
October, 1867 (see testimony of Brevet Major-General
A. C. Gillem, U.S.A., before the Committee on the Con-
duct of the War, given in 1 868 in relation thereto). In
Texas he had charge of the reconstruction and reor-
ganization of Montgomery County from September,
1 868, to May, 1869, promoted captain of Company 11,
Eleventh Inf. December 23, 1873. He was in command of
Company II, Eleventh Infantry, in the campaign against
hostile Comanche Indians, from November 8, 1874, to
January 20, 1875, when he was compelled to go on sick
report on account of wound received at Fredericksburg,
Virginia, December [3, 1862, and on sick-leave of absence
from same cause from May 17, 1875, to March 27, 1876.
Hewas in command of c< impanyin the movement October
22, 1870, at Standing Rock, Dakota Territory, the result
of which movement was the disarming of the Blackfeet
and Yankton Indians at that Agency. He selected the
site for and established the depot at Terry's Landing,
Montana Territory, at the head of navigation on the
Yellowstone River. He took the field with his company
against hostile Bannock Indians from August 31 to Sep-
tember 13, 1 878, and was then in charge of the construc-
tion of the military telegraph line from Fort Custer,
Montana Territory, to the Yellowstone River — 48 miles
— from December 3 to 16, 1S78. He was appointed in-
spector ol Indian Supplies at the Crow Agency, Montana
Territory, from September 5, 1 879, to July 2S, 1880.
While inspector of Indian Supplies at the Crow Agency,
Montana Territory, he assisted the agent for the three
thousand three hundred Crow Indians in negotiating a
treaty by which they gave up and sold two million acres
of land at the west end of their reservation, and he signed
this treaty in his official capacity.
Captain Gilbreath i- a member of the G. A. R., Loyal
Legion, and the Second and Third Corps societies.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
167
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL AND BREVET BRIGADIER-
GENERAL GEORGE W. GILE, U.S.A. (retired).
Lieutenant- Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-Gen-
eral George W. Gile was born in Bethlehem, N. H.,
January 2?, 1830. His record of service was furnished
by Adjutant-General R. C. Drum to a committee of
Congress in 1884, and is given herewith :
"He entered the service April 23, 1861, as first lieu-
tenant Twenty-second Penn. Inf., and served to August 7,
1 86 1 , upon which date he was honorably mustered out,
his term of service having expired.
"He re-entered the service Sept. 16, 1861, as major
Eighty-eighth Penn. Inf., and was promoted lieutenant-
colonel Sept. I, 1862, and colonel Jan. 24, [863.
" He served with his regiment in the defences of Wash-
ington, the Arm}' of Virginia, and the Army of the
Potomac, from Oct. I, 1 86 1, to Sept. 17, 1862, upon whii li
date he was wounded in the battle of Antietam, while in
command of his regiment; was absent by reason of
wound until honorably discharged on account of dis-
ability, March 2, 1S63. Was appointed major in the
Veteran Reserve Corps May 22, 1863, and colonel Sept.
29, 1863.
" He served as a member of a Board of Examiners
for the Veteran Reserve Corps to some time in Novem-
ber, 1863 ; commanded a brigade engaged in the defences
of Washington July 10 to 13, 1864, and for energy and
good conduct in assisting to repel the attack on Fort
Slocum, D. C, he was brevetted brigadier-general ; com-
manded the garrison of Washington to September, 1865 ;
on duty in the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Aban-
doned Lands in S. C. to Jan, 4, 1S67; upon which date
he was honorably mustered out of the volunteer ser-
vice.
" He was appointed first lieutenant Forty-fifth U. S. Inf.
to date from July 28, 1866, and promoted captain Feb.
4, 1868.
" He received the brevets of captain 'for gallant and
meritorious services in the second battle of Bull Run;'
major ' for gallant and meritorious services at the battle
of South Mountain, Maryland ;' and lieutenant-colonel
' for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of
Antietam.
" He served in the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen,
and Abandoned Lands in S. C. from Jan. 5, 1867, to Oct.
10, 1868; and in Florida with brevet rank to July 15,
1870; on duty at head-quarters Bureau of Refugees,
Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, Washington, until he
was retired from active service, with the full rank of
colonel, Dec. 15,1 870, for disability resulting from wounds
received in line of duty, under section 32 of the act of
Congress approved July 20, 1S66, which authorized re-
tirement in such cases with the full rank of the command
held by the officer when the disabling wounds were re-
ceived ; retired with the rank of lieutenant-colonel, the
actual rank in the volunteer service held by him when
wounded, March 3, 1875, under the provisions of an
act of Congress approved that date."
Incidental to his field service he participated with his
regiment in the battles of Cedar Mountain, three days at
Rappahannock Station, Thoroughfare Gap, Bull Run,
second Chantilly, South Mountain, and Antietam. Was
in command from and during the battle of Bull Run to
Antietam.
At the second battle of Bull Run, Major Gile com-
manded the Eighty-eighth Penn. Vol. This regiment
was one of the four comprising Tower's brigade, and of
the conduct of that brigade, General Pope, in his official
report, speaks as follows :
" Tower's brigade, of Ricketts's division, was pushed
forward into action into support of Reynolds's division,
led forward in person by General Tower with conspicu-
ous skill and gallantry.
" The conduct of that brigade in plain view of all the
forces on our left was especially distinguished, and drew
forth heart)- and enthusiastic cheers. The example
of that brigade was of great service and infused new
spirit into all the troops who witnessed their intrepid
conduct."
He was stationed in the city of Washington from
November, 1863, to close of war; during this time he
commanded a regiment, brigade, and the garrison of
Washington, which consisted of two brigades of infantry,
a battery of artillery, and a detachment of cavalry.
He commanded President Lincoln's second inaugural
and funeral escort. Was general officer of the day on
the occasion of the final review of the armies at the close
of the war.
[68
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
COLONEL AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL QJJINCY
A. GILLMORE, U.S.A. (deceased).
Colonel and Brevet Major-General Quincy A.
Gillmore was burn in Ohio and graduated from the
U. S. Military Academy July i, [849. He was pro-
moted brevet second lieutenant Corps of Engineers
the same day; second lieutenant September 5, 1853;
in t lieutenant July 1, 1S56, and captain August 6, 1861.
lie served on engineer duty in constructing Forts Mon-
roe and Calhoun in 1849-52 ; was at West Point attached
to company of sappers, miners, and pontoniers, from
185 2 to 1856; was instructor of practical military engi-
neering at West Point to September 15; treasurer to
September \ 1 , and quartermaster to September 15, 1856.
He was then employed as assistant engineer in the con-
struction <>l Fort Monroe, in charge of the engineer
agency al New York for supplying ami shipping ma-
terials for fortifications to 1861.
He served during the war of the Rebellion as chief en-
gineer of the Port Royal Expeditionary Corps, 1 86 1-62,
being present at the descent upon Hilton Head, South
Carolina, November 6, 1861, and engaged in the con-
struction of fortifications on that island to [anuary, 1862;
then as chief engineer of the siege of Fort Pulaski, and
in command during its bombardment and capture, April
IO-II, 1862, being one of the commissioners to arrange
the terms of capitulation.
He was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers
April 28, 1862, and was on sick-leave of ab enc< from
May to July of that year. He assisted the Governor of
New York in forwarding State troops until September
[2, 1862, when he was assigned to the command of a
division operating from Covington, Kentucky; of I >is-
trict of Wist Virginia; of First Division, Army of Ken-
tucky; of District of Central Kentucky, and of the United
States forces at the battle of Somerset, Kentucky, from
September 18, 1862, to March 30, 1863. He was ap-
pointed major-general of volunteers July 10, 1863.
After a short leave of absence, he was placed in com-
mand of the Department of the South and of the Tenth
Army Corps, from June 12, [863, to June 17, 1864, being
engaged in command of the operations against Charles-
ton, South Carolina, comprising the descent upon
Morris Island; bombardment and reduction of Fort
Sumter; and siege and capitulation of Fort Wagner.
He was then in command of the Tenth Army Corps in
the operations on James River, near Bermuda Hundred,
and engaged in actions of Swift Creek, near Chester
Station ; assault and capture of the right of the enemy's
intrenchments in front of Dairy's Bluff; battle of Drury's
Bluff; defence of Bermuda Hundred; reconnoissance of
the enemy's lines before Petersburg, and in command
of two divisions of the Nineteenth Corps in defence of
Washington, D. C, July 1 1, 1864, and in pursuit of the
rebels under General Early until July 14, 1864, when he
was severely injured by the fall of his horse, and was
granted sick-leave of absence to August 21, 1864.
In October and November, 1S64, General Gillmore was
president of a board for testing Ames's wrought-iron
cannon ; and then on a tour of inspection of fortifications
from Cairo, Illinois, to Pensacola, Florida, to January
30, 1865, at which time he was assigned to the command
of the Department of the South, retaining that until the
following November. He was brevetted for gallant and
meritorious services, lieutenant-colonel April 11, 1862, in
the capture of Fort Pulaski, Georgia; colonel March 30,
1863, at the battle of Somerset, Kentucky; brigadier-
general March 13, 1865, in the capture of Fort Wagner,
South Carolina ; and major-general in the assault on
Morris Island, South Carolina, and the bombardment and
demolition of Fort Sumter. He resigned his volunteer
commission December 5, 1865. He was promoted major
of engineers June i, 1863 ; lieutenant-colonel January 13,
1874 ; and colonel February 20, 1883 ; and was employed
after the war closed as assistant to the chief engineer of
the Third Division, Engineer Bureau at Washington City,
D. C, to November 8, 1 866 ; as member of a special board
to conduct experiments in connection with the use of
iron in the construction of permanent fortifications, and
member of other boards; and was superintending en-
gineer of the fortifications on Staten Island, New York,
and engaged on other important engineer duty until he
died at Brooklyn, New York, April 7, 1888. General
Gillmore had the degree of Master of Arts conferred by
Oberlin College, Ohii >, 1 836, I [e was the author of a work
on the "Siege and Reduction of Fort Pulaski, Georgia, in
1862;" of a "Practical Treatise on Limes, Hydraulic
Cements, and Mortars," 1863; and of "Engineer and
Artillery Operations against the Defences of Charleston
in 1863."
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
169
REAR-ADMIRAL LEWIS M. GOLDSBOROUGH, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Rear-Admiral Lewis M. Goldsborough was born
in the city of Washington, in February, 1805. As was
sometimes done in those days, lie was appointed a
midshipman when a mere child, — J Line 18, 18 12. Of
course, he went to school for some time after, but,
by January, 1S25, he attained the rank of lieutenant.
He was attached to the schooner " Porpoise," of the
Mediterranean Squadron, 1827-29. In 1827, while first
lieutenant of the " Porpoise," took command of four
boats, with thirty-five men and officers, and retook an
English brig, the " Comet," which was in possession of
two hundred Greek pirates. It was a desperate affair,
but successful. There were three killed of the pirates
to one killed of the boarding-part}-. The ward-room
steward of the " Porpoise," a mulatto of herculean
strength, a volunteer, killed eleven of the pirates with
his own hand. Lieutenant John A. Carr, U.S.N., long
since dead, killed the chief of the pirates, as well as
several of his band. At that time no merchant vessel,
unprotected by convoy, could go up the Greek Archi-
pelago; and the pirates once succeeded in capturing
an Austrian man-of-war brig. The action of Golds-
borough and his little party had a most salutary effect,
and they received thanks from several of the Mediter-
ranean powers. After this Lieutenant Goldsborough
made a full cruise in the frigate " United States" in the
Pacific. He was commissioned commander in Sep-
tember, 1841; executive-officer of the "Ohio," 74, at
the siege of Vera Cruz; commanded three hundred
officers and men of the " Ohio" at the capture of Tuxpan ;
commanded the " Levant," in the Mediterranean, 1852-53.
He was superintendent of the Naval Academy at Annap-
olis— having been commissioned captain in 1855 — from
1854 to 1857. He commanded the flag-ship " Congress,"
of the Brazil Squadron, [859-61. During the joint ex-
pedition to the North Carolina waters, in 1862, Flag-
Officer Goldsborough commanded the naval force, —
being present for duty far in advance of the army. He-
had seventeen light-draught vessels, which fought the
battle of Roanoke Island, against the forts, the troops,
and the flotilla, with defences, stationed there. On Feb-
ruary 5, 1862, three columns, under the immediate com-
mand of Commodore Rowan, — afterwards vice-admiral, —
formed for action. On the morning of the 7th the enemy's
vessels, eight in number, were found behind an extensive
row of piles and sunken vessels, extending clear across
the Sound. The engagement began at 10.30 a.m., and at
4 P.M. the batteries on the island were silenced enough to
permit the landing of troops. By midnight over ten
thousand troops had disembarked. On the following
morning the army did the fighting, and in the afternoon
the navy opened a passage through the obstructions, suc-
cessfully accomplished by dark. On the 10th the remains
of the rebel fleet were captured in the Pasquotank River
by Commodore Rowan. On March 14, 1862, the town of
New Berne, North Carolina, was occupied by a detach-
ment of Flag-Officer Goldsborough's squadron. ( )n
May 10, 1862, Goldsborough engaged and silenced the
batteries at Sewell's Point, opposite Fortress Monroe,
and passed up to Norfolk, which had been evacuated by
the rebels. He was commissioned as rear-admiral in
July, 1862. At the close of the war he was ordered to
command the European Station. He returned home in
1868, and from that time to the date of his death, in
February, 1877, was on special duty at Washington.
Rear-Admiral Goldsborough was a man far beyond
the usual size, and of a striking appearance in every way.
He was a student all his life, and, in addition to his pro-
ficiency in professional matters, he was a fairly-good
lawyer and an accomplished linguist. He wrote very
well, and some of his letters were quite models of com-
position. He married a daughter of the celebrated William
Wirt, and had two children, a son and a daughter, both
of whom he survived.
22
I/O
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
MAJOR GRHEN CLAY GOODLOE. U.S.M.C.
Major Green Clay Goodloe, paymaster of the
United States Marine Corps, was born at Castle Union,
Madison County, Kentucky, January 31, 1S45, on the
plantation of his grandfather, Colonel J. Speed Smith, son
of General 1). S. Goodloe and Sally Clay Smith. Edu-
- ated in the classics and law at Transylvania University,
Lexington, Kentucky. Belongs to a family which has
maintained a leading place in Kentucky for generations,
by the distinction achieved by its members in civil and
military positions. His ancestors were officers in the
patriotic army of the Revolution. His great-grand-
father, Green Clay, served in the wars of the Revolution
and 181 2. A noted achievement was marching a force to
the relief of General W. H. Harrison, besieged by a supe-
rior force of British and Indians, at Fort Meigs, on the
Maumee. General Harrison placed him in command of
three thousand men. His grandfather, Colonel John
Speed Smith, was aid to General W. II. Harrison in
the war of 1 812 ; Speaker of Kentucky House of Repre-
sentatives, and member of Congress. An uncle is the
veteran General Cassius M. Clay, captain in the Mexican
War; wounded and taken prisoner; pioneer in abolishing
slavery; a major-general in the army of the United
States; minister to Russia. Another uncle is Major-
General Green Clay Smith, United States Volunteers,
shot in the knee in cavalry charge at 1 .ebanon, Tennessee ;
veteran of Mexican War; lieutenant; member of Con-
gress ; governor. When the war became imminent, his
family threw their powerful influence on the side of the
Union, and no one thing did more to hold the State,
which wavered, true to her allegiance. Major Goodloe,
then a boy of sixteen, actuated by the soldiery traditions
of lus family, was then a member of the Lexington
Chasseurs, which was loyal to the flag. Major Goodloe
was a marker in the company, and carried the United
States flag the last time it appeared in a parade of the
Old Kentucky State Guard. He was ordered by Colonel
R. W. Hanson, the colonel in command, to take it to the
armon-, and this precipitated the dissension which drew
a sharp line between the Union and secession portion
of the Guard, and broke it up. Major Goodloe, with the
rest of his family, became active on the side of the Union,
and he, with one other and a brother, were the first to
arrive, armed with muskets, at depot, in Lexington, when
it seemed inevitable that a fight must be made to secure
for the troops the arms which had been sent them by the
government. He joined the Fourth Kentucky Cavalry
Regiment, which he reached at Wartrace, Tennessee, as it
stood in line of battle to receive the attack of the enemy.
He was in ten cavalry battles and skirmishes during his
service. For his gallant conduct at the battle of Lebanon,
Tennessee, General Dumont recommended his promotion,
while still on the held, to first lieutenant. When pro-
moted he was assigned to Company I, Twenty-third
Kentucky Infantry, and detailed as aide-de-camp on the
staff of General Green Clay Smith, lie served in this
capacity on brigade and division staffs during the cam-
paign through Kentucky and Tennessee, participating
in many engagements. At the cavalry battle of Little
Harpeth, Forrest's men completely surrounded and cut
him off, but he broke through them. Johnson's report
says, " Lieutenant Clay Goodloe, of General Smith's
staff, in returning from delivering an order, found himself
surrounded by rebels, and had to run the gauntlet.
After emptying his holster pistols, he laid flat on his
horse, relying upon his spurs and his ' Lexington.' They
brought him safely home, but he has a bullet-hole
through his pants to remind him of the amiable inten-
tions of his Southern brethren respecting himself." In
the thorough rout of Morgan's cavalry command, on
May 4, 1862, at Lebanon, Tennessee, Surgeon Adams
reported, " Clay Goodloe kept in line with Colonel
Smith, and was grazed on the third joint[of the second
finger by a bullet. He attempted to hold poor Pierce-
field on his horse after he received his fatal shot. He
is a gallant and noble boy, yet beardless, but has the
courage of .1 veteran." Every official report contained
flattering mention of him.
In September, 1863, appointed cadet at West Point,
but resigned in 1865 ; commissioned second lieutenant,
United States Marine Corps April 21, 1869; promoted
tirst lieutenant January 12, 1S76; and made paymaster
March 17, 1877. Married April 17, 1877, Miss Bettie
Reck, daughter of United States Senator James Burnie
Beck and Jane Washington Thornton. Mrs. Goodloe,
his wife, is a i;reat-great-great-riiece of General George-
Washington, being related on both sides of her mother
to the Father of our Country.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
171
LIEUTENANT-COMMANDER H. H. GORRINGE. U.S.N.
(deceased).
Lieutenant - Commander H. H. Gorringe was a
native of the West Indies, but was appointed a master's
mate in the U. S. naval service from the State of New
York on October 1, 1862. He was sent out to the Mis-
sissippi at once, and remained there during the whole of
the Civil War. Owing to his courage, seamanship, and
devotion to duty he obtained remarkable advancement.
Three of his promotions were for gallantry in battle.
He was made acting ensign in 1863, promoted to acting
master in 1864, and to acting volunteer lieutenant in
1865.
Lieutenant-Commander Gorringe took part in nearly
all the important battles of the Mississippi Squadron.
He was promoted to be acting volunteer lieutenant-
commander Jul)- 10, 1865.
In [867 he commanded the steamer " Memphis," of
the Atlantic Squadron, and on December 18, 1S68, he
was commissioned lieutenant-commander in the regular
navy. He was attached to the navy-yard at New York
during 1868, and then made a three years' cruise in the
sloop-of-war "Portsmouth," of the South Atlantic Squad-
ron, 1869-71. From 1872 to 1876 he was attached to
the hydrographic office at Washington, and then com-
manded the " Gettysburg" (fourth rate), on special service
in the Mediterranean, from 1S76 to 1879.
In 1880 he was upon leave of absence, and was employed
in conveying the Egyptian obelisk, now in Central Park-,
in New York, from Alexandria, Egypt, to its destination.
A steamer, called the " Dessoug," was purchased for this
purpose, and the ingenious and seaman-like manner in
which he placed the huge monolith securely in her hold,
and the safety with which he transported it, secured
general admiration and approval.
After this he was engaged in a ship-building operation
in Philadelphia, having been granted leave of absence for
that purpose. He died in 1883.
Lieutenant-Commander Gorringe suffered much from
a wound of the leg, received during the war, which never
closed. This, with malarial troubles due to his long and
continuous service in the Mississippi, no doubt hastened
his death.
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
ASSISTANT SECRETARY OE WAR LEWIS A. GRANT.
Assistant Secretary of War Lewis A. Grant was
mustered into the service of the United States September
16, 1861, at St. Albans, Vermont, as major with the field
and staff, Fifth Vermont Infantry Volunteers, to serve for
three years ; was mustered in as lieutenant-colonel, same
regiment, to date September 25, [861 ; as colonel, same
regiment, to elate September 16, 1862. The regiment
was assigned to the Army of the Potomac, and partici-
pated in the advance of that army in the spring of 1862.
During his service with the Fifth Vermont Infantry Vol-
unteers, that regiment took part in the following battles:
Yorktown, Virginia, April 4 and May 4, 1862; Williams-
burg, Virginia, May 5, [862; Golding's Farm, Virginia,
June 28, [862 ; Savage Station, Virginia, June 29, [862 ;
White Oak Swamp, Virginia, June 30, 1862 ; Crampton's
Gap, Maryland, September 14, 1862; Antietam, Mary-
land, September 17, 1862, and Fredericksburg, Virginia,
December 13-14, 1862.
He was honorably discharged as colonel to date May
20, 1864, to enable him to accept an appointment as
brigadier-general of volunteers, lie was appointed brig-
adier-general U. S. Volunteers April 27, [864; accepted
appi lintment May 2 1 , 1864.
He commanded the Second Brigade, Second Division,
Sixth Army Corps, from February 21, 1863, to Decern
ber 29, 1863; from February 2, 1S64, to September 29,
1S64, and from October 8, 1864, to December 2, 1864;
the Second Division, Sixth Corps, from December 2,
[864, to February 11, 1 865 , the Second Brigade, same
division, from February 11, 1865, to February 20, 1865,
and from March 7, 1865, to June 28, 1865.
The following is a list of the battles in which he par-
ticipated as a brigade or division commander : Freder-
icksburg and Salem Heights, Virginia, May 3 to 5, 1863 ;
Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, July 2 and 3, 1863; Fairfield,
Pennsylvania, July 5, 1863; Rappahannock Station, Vir-
ginia, November 8, 1863; Mine Run, Virginia, Novem-
ber 27, 1863; Wilderness, Virginia, May 5 to 7, 1864;
Spottsylvania Court-House, Virginia, May 8 to 21, 1S64;
Cold Harbor, Virginia, June I to 12, 1S64; siege of
Petersburg, Virginia, June 18 to July 10, 1864; Charles-
town, Virginia, August 21, 1864; Gilbert's Crossing,
Virginia, September 13, 1864; siege of Petersburg. Vir-
ginia, December, 1864, to April, 1865 ; assault on Peters-
burg, Virginia, April 2. 1865 ; Sailor's Creek, April 6, 1S65.
At the close of the war General Grant was hon-
ored with the commission of brevet major-general U. S.
Volunteers, to date from October 19, 1864, "for gallant
and meritorious services in the present campaign before
Richmond, Virginia, and in the Shenandoah Valley;"
ami was honorably discharged the service .August 24,
1805, Under the provisions of the act of Congress ap-
proved June 3, 1884, and the acts amendatory thereof, he
is considered as commissioned to the grade of major
Fifth Vermont Volunteers, to take effect from September
7, 1 861, to fill an original vacancy.
He was recommended August 22, 1866, by General
U. S. Grant, commanding the army of the United States,
for appointment as a field-officer in the regular army ;
was appointed August 29, 1866, lieutenant-colonel Thirty-
sixth Regiment U. S. Infantry, to date from July 28, 1866,
and declined the appointment November 6, 1S66.
General Grant's field services were with or in command
of the celebrated Vermont brigade whose fighting quali-
ties were so well known in the Army of the Potomac,
and whose soldierly dependence was of such character
that it was transferred, with the regular division of the
Army of the Potomac, in August, 1863, to New York-
City, to assist in quelling the riots occasioned there by
the draft for men. As soon as this duty was completed,
the troops were, in the fall of the same year, retransferred
to the field with the Army of the Potomac.
General Grant was appointed Assistant Secretary of
War in I S90, which office he now holds.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
173
GENERAL ULYSSES S. GRANT, U.S.A. (deceased).
General Ulysses S. Grant was born at Point Pleas-
ant, Clermont County, Ohio, April 27, 1 822, and graduated
at the Military Academy July I, 1843. He was promoted
brevet second lieutenant of the Fourth Infantry the same
day, and second lieutenant Fourth Infantry September 30,
1845. He served first at Jefferson Barracks, and then
on frontier duty at Natchitoches (Camp Salubrity) in
1844-45, and then took part in the military occupation
of Texas and the war with Mexico, being engaged in the
battles of Palo Alto, Resaca de la Palma, Monterey, siege
of Vera Cruz, battle of Cerro Gordo, capture of San
Antonio, battle of Churubusco, battle of Molino del Rey,
storming of Chapultepec, and assault and capture of the
City of Mexico. He was regimental quartermaster of
the Fourth Infantry from April 1, 1847, to Jul)- 23,
1848, and again from September n, 1849, to September
30, 1853.
He moved with his regiment to the Pacific coast in
1852, and was at several different stations. He was pro-
moted captain August 5, 1853, but resigned Jul)' 31,
1854
Upon leaving the army Captain Grant retired to private
life, and engaged in farming near St. Louis, Missouri.
Then he became a real estate agent at St. Louis until
i860, and subsequently a merchant at Galena, Ohio,
where he resided at the breaking out of the war of the
Rebellion.
Entering the volunteer service he was in command
of a company in April and May, and assisting in organ-
izing and mustering volunteers into service until June
17, 1 861, when he was appointed colonel of the Twenty-
first Illinois Infantry. His first active service was to
march on Quincy, Illinois, and then guarding the Han-
nibal and St. Joe Railroad. He was placed in com-
mand, first at Ironton, then at Jefferson City, and finally
of the District of Southwestern Missouri, with head-
quarters at Cape Girardeau. This command was subse-
quently extended to embrace Southern Illinois and
Western Kentucky. He had, in the mean time, been
appointed brigadier-general of volunteers May 17,
1 861.
General Grant commenced his operations by first
seizing Paducah, Kentucky ; then Belmont, and then
invested and captured Fort Donelson, with fourteen
thousand six hundred and twenty-three prisoners, and
much material of war. This being the first real Union
success of the war placed General Grant before the people
of the country at large as a rising soldier ; but many old
officers who had known him in the regular service
doubted his ability, and attributed his success on this
occasion to " luck." He was, however, duly recognized,
and the appointment of major-general of volunteers was
conferred upon him, to date from February 16, 1862.
It would be impossible, in this limited sketch, to
enumerate the campaigns, battles, and actions in which
this illustrious general participated. He followed up his
movements to Shiloh, then was placed in command of
the District of West Tennessee, and was in immediate
command of the right wing of General Halleck's army,
and directed the operations about Corinth, the Hatchie,
and Iuka. He was in command of the Army of the
Mississippi, in the Vicksburg campaign, in all its various
manoeuvres, until he again electrified the country by
the capture of the city of Vicksburg, July 4, 1863, with
stores and garrison of thirty-one thousand five hundred
men. For this brilliant affair he was made major-general
of the U. S. Army.
General Grant was, on the 1 6th of October, 1863,
placed in command of the Military Division of the
Mississippi, including the Armies of the Ohio, Cum-
berland, and Tennessee, and continued his operations
up to the battle of Chattanooga, for which he received
the thanks of Congress December 17, 1863, and a gold
medal.
On March 17, 1864, he was placed in command as
general-in-chief of the armies of the United States, and
was called to the East to supervise the operations of the
Army of the Potomac, and commenced in the May fol-
lowing that celebrated campaign on the line which ter-
minated on the 9th of April, 1865, in the surrender of
the Army of Northern Virginia, under General Robert E.
Lee.
He was by act of Congress made general of the U. S.
Army July 25, 1866; but resigned this commission on
March 4, 1869, having been elected President of the
United States, and on that day was inaugurated as such.
After holding this office for eight years, General Grant
retired to private life, and died at Mt. McGregor, near
Saratoga, N.Y., July 23, 1885.
174
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
BRIGADIER-GENERAL ADOLPHUS W. GREELY,
U.S.A.
Brigadier-General Adolphus W. Greei.v (Chief
Signal-officer) was born in Massachusetts. He entered
the volunteer service in the early part of the war of the
Rebellion, as private of Company B, Nineteenth Massa-
chusetts Infantry, July 26, 1861. lie was afterwards
promoted corporal and first sergeant of the same corn-
pan)-, and served to March 18, 1863, in the field with the
Army of the Potomac, participating in the Peninsula
campaign, and was engaged at the siege of Yorktown,
action of West Point, battles of Fair Oaks, Peach Or-
chard, Savage Station, White < fak Swamp, where he was
wounded, and the battle "I Malvern Hill, Virginia, in
1862. He participated in the Maryland campaign, and
was engaged in the battle of Antietam, where he was
again wounded. Pie also participated in the Rappahan-
nock campaign, and was engaged at the battle of Fred-
ericksburg, Virginia, in 1862.
On the [8th of March, [863, he was appointed second
lieutenant of the Eighty-first United States Colored
Infantry, promoted first lieutenant April 26, 1864, and
captain April 4, 1S65. With this regiment Lieutenant
finely served in the field with the Army of the South-
west, and was engaged in the siege' of Port Hudson,
Louisiana. At the close of the war he was ordered on
recruiting duty, and was honorably mustered out of the
volunteer service March 22, 1S67, having been appointed
second lieutenant of the Thirty-sixth United States In-
fantry March 7, 1867. On the consolidation of regi-
ments, in 1 869, Lieutenant Greely was unassigned, but on
the 14th of July, of that year, he was assigned to the
Fifth Cavalry. He was brevetted major of volunteers
for faithful and meritorious services during the war.
After joining the Fifth Cavalry he was on frontier duty
in the West to 1 869 ; on staff duty at Omaha to 1871 ;
was assigned to duty in the office of the chief signal-
officer of the army, where he served until lune, 1881,
and was employed as a station inspector, as superintend-
ent of the construction of military telegraph lines in
Texas, and as a general assistant in the Washington
office.
He was promoted first lieutenant May 27, 1875, and
captain June 1 1, 1886.
He was assigned to the command of the Arctic expe-
dition of 1880, but the order was subsequently revoked,
because of an unfavorable report made by a board of
naval officers upon the vessel which had been selected
for the service. The Lady Franklin Bay expedition was
then organized during the spring and summer of 1881,
and in July he sailed from St. John's, Newfoundland,
in command, with the intention of remaining absent for
two years. The object of the expedition was to establish
a supply and meteorological station at Lady Franklin
Bay and make explorations northward from that place.
Lieutenant Greely was for six years a student of Arctic
explorations, and his experiences of twelve years in the
signal service in the army, particularly in compiling ob-
servations and forecasting the daily weather reports,
were such as to qualify him for the scientific part of the
work ; the results of his researches have added valuable
information to the subject of Arctic explorations, although
his expedition met with the misfortune of being ship-
wrecked, and the entire party reduced to a state of star-
vation before the remnants of it were discovered by a
naval expedition sent to their relief.
On the 3d of March, 1887, Captain Greely was ap-
pointed brigadier-general and chief signal-officer, and
since that time has been on duty at Washington, D. C.
WHO SERVED 1 TV THE CIVIL WAR.
'75
COMMANDER JAMES G. GRF.F.N, U.S.N.
Commander James G. Green was a native of Massa-
chusetts, and entered the navy as master's mate May 18,
1861. He served in the U.S. S. "Mississippi" until
November 27, 1862, — passing the forts at New Or-
leans.
He was promoted to acting ensign November 27, 1862,
and transferred to U. S. S. " Katahdin," and served in
that vessel on the blockade off Galveston until December,
1863.
He was ordered to U. S. S. " Wyalusing" in 1864, and
served in the sounds of North Carolina and in the fight
with the ram " Albemarle."
Promoted to acting master August 1 1, 1864, and was
ordered to command the torpedo tug " Belle," serving on
that vessel in the North Carolina sounds until the close
of the war, being present at the final capture of Plymouth.
Afterwards he was attached to the " New Hampshire,"
" Don," " Osceola," " Vermont," and " Constellation." "Huron," and, later, transferred them to the Naval
Having been transferred to the regular service, as ' Cemetery, Annapolis.
master, March 12, 1868, he served on the Asiatic Sta- He was attached to the " Palos," Asiatic Station, 1878
tion, in the "Aroostook" and " Ashuelot," from 1868 to to 1S81.
1 87 1. At the hydrographic office, Washington, D. C, from
On December 18, 1868, he was promoted to lieutenant, I 1SS1 to 1883.
and to lieutenant-commander July 3, 1870. He was on the "Galena" from 1883 to 1886; and
He was attached to the receiving-ship "Ohio" from promoted to commander March 6, 1887.
1871 to 1S73, and to the Asiatic Station from 1873 to , He commanded the " Alert" from 1888 to 1889, and
1876. the "Adams" in 1890.
While attached to the navy-yard at Norfolk he was He was light-house inspector, Sixth District, from 1890
sent to recover the dead washed ashore from the U. S. S. I to 1892.
t;6
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
CAPTAIN GEORGE GORDON GREENOUGH. U.S.A.
Captain George Gordon Greenough (Fourth Artil-
lery) comes of one of the oldest Boston families, and is
descended from the ducal family of the Scottish clan
Gordon. In one line he descends from the English Co-
lonial Governor Treat, of Connecticut. His grand-uncle,
Major Samuel Treat, was killed at Fort Mifflin, in the
Revolutionary War. From his mother he is connected
with Judge Cushing, of the U. S. Supreme Court, and
with General Lincoln, of Revolutionary fame, and of the
Burrs, of Massachusetts, of which Aaron Burr was a
member.
Captain Greenough was born at Washington, D. C,
December 8, [844, and at eleven years old was placed at
a French school in Paris, where he received his early
education. In his sixteenth year he returned home and
entered the West Point .Military Academy June 1,
1 861.
During his furlough year he had a great desire to see
real active service with the army, which was strength-
ened by the invasion of the Confederates north of the
Potomac, and hastening to the front he was placed upon
the staff of Major-General W. H. French, commanding
the Third Army Corps, in the extreme advance, and was
sent forward with Colonel Julius Hayden, inspector-
general Third Army Corps, to the front line of skir-
mishing on a tour of observation at Falling Waters, Vir-
ginia, on the slope near the river, where they were under
a heavy artillery fire from the opposite bank. He re-
mained with the army on General French's staff as long
as his furlough permitted.
General French in his report of the actions of Wapping
Height and Manassas Gap, July 23, 1863, says, "I would
also mention Cadet Greenough acting aide-de-camp, who
conveyed my orders with precision, and exhibited great
coolness under fire."
Cadet Greenough graduated from the U. S. Military
Academy June, 1865 ; was commissioned second lieu-
tenant on the 23d in the Twelfth Infantry, his commission
as first lieutenant is dated the 23d of June, 1865, and he
was appointed acting regimental adjutant of the Twelfth
at Washington, 1865-66. In September, 1866, he was
transferred to the Twenty-first Infantry and was stationed
at Fredericksburg, Virginia, in command of Company G.
Lieutenant Greenough left the post July, 1868, to report
for duty as instructor at West Point.
On the 15th of December, 1870, Lieutenant Greenough
was assigned to the Fourth Artillery, and early in 1873
he joined Battery G at Black Point, California, with which
he served in the field through the Modoc war. During
the time the troops were in the Black Lava, near the
Indians, Lieutenant Greenough went to his battalion com-
mander, Colonel Mendenhall, and offered to take Battery
G into the Black Lava at night, and attack the Indian
camp early in the morning; his idea was that the re-
mainder of the troops should be moved up in readiness
to attack from different points as soon as the firing
began. Later he volunteered to carry despatches alone,
or with an escort of two men, through the Lava Beds;
he was not permitted to carry out either of these projects
on account of the extreme danger.
At the close of the Modoc war he was detailed with
Captain Hasbrook to convey the Modoc prisoners to
Camp McPherson, Nevada, in October, 1873. Subse-
quently he commanded Battery K, Fourth Artillery, in
the Powder River winter campaign against the Sioux and
Cheyenne Indians with General Crook.
On the 5th of September, 1875, he started for the
field in the campaign against the Shoshones, his pla-
toon with two field-pieces, as artillery, the rest as cav-
alry, and rendezvoused in Eastern Nevada, stopped the
rising without fighting, and returned to the Presidio on
the 4th of October.
He was detailed Ma)' 7, 1877, as professor of military
science at the University of California, at Berkeley. In
1879 he went to Fort Canby. Then he went to Fort
Monroe, Virginia, until May 1, 1882, and then went to
Fort Adams.
On December 1, [883, he was commissioned captain
Fourth Artillery, and stationed at Fort Adams, Rhode
Island, and Fort Warren, Massachusetts, from whence
he joined the head-quarters of his regiment at Fort
McPherson, Georgia, May 29, 1889.
Captain Greenough has made several important inven-
tions, among which may be mentioned a reloading ap-
paratus for reloading shells ; a field gun-carriage, and a
very complete range-finder for sea-coast defences, by
which several vessels may be followed at once without
confusion or delay. He has written on several impor-
tant professional questions.-
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
^77
REAR-ADMIRAL JAMES A. GREER. U.S.N.
Rear-Admiral James A. Greek was born in Ohio
February 28, 1833, and appointed midshipman from that
State January 10, 1848. He served in the "Saratoga"
and " Saranac" of the I lome Squadron up to 1 850 ; sloop-
of-war "St. Mary's," Pacific Squadron, 1850-52; frigate
"Columbia," Home Squadron, 1853. Then went to the
U.S. Naval Academy for the usual courseof stud)-. Passed
midshipman June 15, 1854; served in the razee " Indepen-
dence," in the Pacific, 1854-57 ; promoted to master Sep-
tember 15, 1855 ; commissioned as lieutenant September
16, 1 855. After serving at the navy-yard at Norfolk made
the Paraguay Expedition in the" Southern Star," 1858-59;
steamers " Sumter" and " San Jacinto," coast of Africa,
1859-61 ; on return, assisted in the removal of Mason
and Slidell from the English mail-steamer " Trent ;"
lieutenant-commander July 16, 1862; sloop "St. Louis,"
special service, 1862-63; Mississippi Squadron, 1863-65 ;
commanded steamers " Carondelet" and " Benton," and a
division of Admiral Porter's fleet; was at the passage of
Vicksburg April 16, 1863; fought the batteries of Grand
Gulf for five hours April 29, 1863, — an incident of this
action was the killing and wounding of twenty-two per-
sons on board the " Benton" by one projectile ; in the Red
River Expedition in May, 1863; was engaged in the
combined attack- on Vicksburg May 22, 1863, and was
almost constantly under fire during the forty-five days of
the siege of Vicksburg. Lieutenant Greer was engaged
in the Red River Expedition during March and April,
1864, and frequently engaged with small bodies of Con-
federate troops and guerillas. In August and Septem-
ber, 1864, he was sent to Cincinnati, Ohio, to inquire into
and correct abuses which existed at the Naval Recruit-
ing Station at that place. He was then in command of
the naval station at Mound City, Illinois, being trans-
ferred thence to the' command of the flag-ship " Black
Hawk." During this time he was charged by Admiral
Lee with the selecting, purchasing, and contracting for
the conversion into gun-boats of ten river steamers ; also
had charge of the convoying of army transports from
Johnsonville up the Tennessee River.
During a portion of 1865 and [866 was stationed at
the Naval Academy, Annapolis, and commissioned as
commander in July of the latter year. Commanded
steamer " Mohongo," North Pacific Squadron, 1866-67.
Dining his command of "Mohongo," he remained four
months at Acapulco, Mexico, to protect American in-
terests, which were endangered by the convulsion upon
the fall of Maximilian ; the State Department commended
him for his course there.
He commanded the " Tuscarora," North Pacific Squad-
ron, 1868; on ordnance duty, Philadelphia Navy- Yard,
1868-69 ; Naval Academy, 1869-73. In 1873 com-
manded purchased steamer " Tigress" on the " Polaris"
Relief Expedition. In one month after sailing from New
York found the wreck of " Polaris" at Littleton Island,
latitude 780 23', North Greenland. Cruised in search of
the people, who had left in their boats, without success, in
Baffin's Bay and Davis's Straits, until October 8, when it
was deemed expedient to return.
He was upon the Board of Inspection in 1874-75 ; com-
manding " Lackawanna," Pacific Station, 1875-77 ; com-
missioned captain April 26, 1876; commanding training
frigate " Constitution," 1S77. In 1878 commanded sloop
" Constellation," which took exhibits to France for the
Paris Exposition ; commanded steamer" Hartford," South
Atlantic, in 1879; Board of Inspection, 1880-82; navy-
yard, Washington, 1882-84; president of Naval Exam-
ining and Retiring Boards, 1885-87; commissioned as
commodore, May 19, 1886 ; as acting rear-admiral, com-
manded the European Station, 1887-89; president of
Board on Organization, Tactics, and Drills, 1889; presi-
dent of Examining and Retiring Boards, 1S90; member
of the Board of Visitors of the Naval Academy, 1891 ;
chairman of the Light-House Board, and now serving as
such; April 3, 1892, commissioned as rear-admiral.
23
i78
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
MAJOR STEPHEN W. GROESBECK, U.S.A.
Major Stephen W. Groesbeck (Sixth Infantry) was
born in Albany, New York, November 26, 1S40. At the
breaking out of the Rebellion he was teaching school
in fowa. Encouraged by his uncle, Stephen Walley, of
Williamstown, Massachusetts, he had prepared himself
tn enter Williams College, but, like many young men of
the period, he chose reluctantly to forego the advantages
of school to enter the service. He enlisted as a private
in the Fourth Iowa Cavalry on October 28, 1861 ; was
mustered in as company quartermaster-sergeant, and in
' h tober, 1862, promoted to second lieutenant. < In the 7th
day of the following month he bore a conspicuous and
most honorable part in the cavalry engagement at Ma-
rianna, Arkansas, and later in the same day received in a
skirmish, among other wounds, a gun-shot wound in the
left foot, the ball so lodging as to defeat the efforts of the
surgeons to locate and remove it. Being wholly dis-
abled he resigned his commission April 4, 1863. In jus-
tice to him the War Department, in subsequent orders,
corrected his record to read " honorably mustered out
\pril 4, [863." A year later, in April, [864, the ball was
sui 1 essfully removed at Albany, New York. While dis-
abled, he took' a course of instruction at a commercial
school ; but, with the restoration of a fair use of his foot,
he entered Colonel Taggart's military school in Philadel-
phia,— a school designed to fit young men for commis-
sions in the volunteer forces. Experience gained with
troops in the field gave him an advantage at this school,
and, stimulated by the offer of a commission in the
Veteran Reserve Corps, he quickly accomplished the
course of instruction, graduating ahead of students who
had preceded him from six to eighteen months. lie
accepted a commission as second lieutenant in the Vet-
eran Reserve Corps in November, [864.
In January, 1 866, he was assigned to duty in the
Bureau of Refugees, Frecdmen, and Abandoned Lands,
at Nashville. Here he served a short time as aide-de-
camp on the staff of Brigadier-General Clinton B. Fisk,
commanding the District of Tennessee ; and, later, as
acting assistant adjutant-general to the assistant com-
missioner of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and
Abandoned Lands until March, 1868. While stationed
in Nashville he read law with D. W. Peabody, of the
law-firm of Bradley & Peabody, with a view to better
equip himself for the important and often very delicate
duties devolving upon officers serving in the South
during the reconstruction period; and of ultimately
making the law his profession. He served as a volun-
teer until mustered out in January, 1867, to accept a
commission in the regular establishment.
By consolidation of the I'orty-second Infantry, V.R.C.,
with the Sixth Infantry, he became an officer of the latter
regiment. He was promoted to first lieutenant in 1875,
and was soon after appointed adjutant of his regiment,
and served as such for five years. During the greater
part of the years [881—82 he served as acting judge-
advocate of the Department of the Missouri, and for a
short time in [882 as instructor of law at the Fort Leav-
enworth School of Application. In 1885 he was again
appointed adjutant of his regiment, serving in that ca-
pacity for three years, when he resigned the office to
accept that of acting judge-advocate of the Department
of Dakota; he served in this position from November r,
1886, to April 28, 1891. He was promoted captain in
July, 1889.
He is a member of the bar. His earl)' reading in the
law led to his special availability as a judge-advocate of
courts-martial, and as acting judge-advocate of military
departments, in which fields he has established an en-
viable reputation for judicial fairness, ami for able and
accurate work, which led to his appointment as major
and judge-advocate U. S. Army, at the death of Lieu-
tenant-Colonel Curtis, on February 12, 1892.
An eye-witness of the fight at Marianna expresses him-
self as follows :
" Lieutenant Stephen W. Groesbeck placed himself
at the head of deponent's company, and appealed to
them to follow him, and did lead it in a full charge in
column upon the left of the enemy's line, broke the line,
and, pursuing the advantages so gained, had put the
whole force of the enemy to flight before the main
command could come up to participate in the skirmish.
. . . Considering the fact that Lieutenant Groesbeck was
compelled to assume command under fire, the inspiration
his manner gave to the men of deponent's company,
and the vigor and success of the charge, ... he deems
that this (then young) officer's conduct on that day was
of unusual gallantry and merit."
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
i/9
CAPTAIN FRANK C. GRUGAN, U.S.A.
Captain Frank C. Grugan (Second Artillery) was
born in Pennsylvania April 4, 1842, and earl}- in the war
of the Rebellion entered the volunteer service as a
private in an independent company of heavy artillery,
June 4, [861, and served at Fort Delaware to August 5,
1 86 1. He was appointed second lieutenant of the One
Hundred and Fourteenth Pennsylvania Infantry August
15, 1862, and promoted first lieutenant September 1, 1863,
serving in the campaigns of the Army of the Potomac,
and engaged in the battles of Fredericksburg, Chancel-
lorsville, action of Orange Grove, operations at Mine-
Run, actions of Auburn, Brandy Station, Kelly's Ford,
battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna,
Cold Harbor, siege and capture of Petersburg, battle of
Hatcher's Run, and the campaign ending in the surrender
of General R. E. Lee April 9, 1865.
Lieutenant Grugcn was appointed first lieutenant of
the Third Pennsylvania Cavalry December 19, 1864, and
was transferred to the Fifth Pennsylvania Cavalry May 8,
1865, from which he was honorably mustered out Au-
gust 7, 1865. He then entered the regular service as a
private of the general service August 18, 1865, and
served first at Richmond, Virginia, and then was placed
on duty in the War Department to May, 1866, having
been appointed second lieutenant of the Second Cavalry
April 25, 1866, and brevetted first lieutenant for " gallant
and meritorious services at the battle of Hatcher's Run,
Virginia," and captain for "gallant and meritorious ser-
vices during the war."
Captain Grugan joined the Second Cavalry on the
Plains, and served at Forts Laramie and Casper, Wyoming,
and in the field during 1866-67; then at Camp Stam-
baugh, Wyoming ; Fort Ellis, Montana; and in the field
from 1870 to 1873. He was then detailed on signal duty,
under the chief signal-officer of the army, from 1873 to
1879, when he was ordered to the Artillery School at
Fort Monroe, Virginia, he having been transferred to the
Second Artillery, April 11, 1879, as first lieutenant, he
having reached that rank in the cavalry November 1 , 1 867.
After remaining at Fort Monroe until 1882, he was
placed on special duty with the chief signal-officer of the
army from June to October of the same year, when he
was relieved, and served with a light battery at Washing-
ton City until March, 1885. He was promoted captain
March [8, 1885, and commanded Battery B, Second
Artillery, at Fort Barrancas, Florida, to March, 1889.
At this time he was transferred to Light Battery A, and
served with it at Little Rock Barracks, Arkansas, and
Fort Riley, Kansas, to July, 1S91.
Upon being relieved from light battery duty he was
ordered to Fort Adams, Rhode Island, in command of
Battery H, and is at the present time on duty at that
station.
Captain Grugan filled the position of aide and acting
assistant adjutant-general of the First Brigade, First
Division, Third Army Corps, in the Army of the Potomac,
to April, 1 864. He was post adjutant at the head-quarters
of the Army of the Potomac to December, 1864. He
was adjutant of the Third Pennsylvania Cavalry to May,
1865, and regimental quartermaster of the Second Cavalry
from November, 1867, to July, 1870.
i8o
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
G )MMODORK JOHN GUEST, U.S.N, (deceased).
Commodore John Guest was a native of Missouri,
but was appointed midshipman from Arkansas in De-
cember, [837. For several years he served in the West
India Squadron, in the "Levant," "Constellation,"
" Boston," and "Warren." Having completed his sea-
service .is midshipman, lie was ordered to the naval
school, then at the Naval Asylum, at Philadelphia, and
passed in June, 1S43. For some time after he served in
the " Poinsett," in the survey of Tampa P>ay ; and was
then attached to the frigate "Congress," of the Pacific
Squadron, for three years. This was during the Mexican
War, and Commodore Guest took- part in the battle of
San Gabriel, January, 1848, and the battle at Mesa,
California, January 9, 1848.
1 le was commissioned as lieutenant in December, [850,
when he served in the sloop-of-war " Plymouth," and
the steam-frigate " Susquehanna," and was in the Japan
Expedition, and at the first landing in that country,
under Commodore Matthew C. Perry. During- subse-
quent servici in the East India Squadron, from 1X51 to
1 855, he boarded the Chinese man-of-war, " Sir 1 1. C< imp-
ton," at Shanghai, with a cutter from the "Plymouth,"
and liberated a pilot-boat's crew, who were under the
protection of our flag. In April, 1S54, was second in
command of the " Plymouth,'' Captain John Kelley, in a
severe and victorious action at Shanghai, to prevent
aggression upon foreign residents.
Upon his return he was on duty at Washington, and
then served in the " Niagara," which laid the first cable-
across the Atlantic, 1857-58. During 1859 he was on
rendezvous duty in Philadelphia.
In i860 he was again ordered to the frigate " Niagara,"
employed in taking home the first Japanese embassy
which visited our country.
When the troublous times of 1861 came, Lieutenant
Guest for some time commanded the " Niagara," of the
West Gulf Blockading Squadron. During this period,
in command of the boats of " Niagara," he cut out the
schooner " Aid," which was under the protection of the
guns of Fort Morgan, at the entrance to Mobile Bay.
In 1862 he was in command of the " Owasco," and in
her participated in the passage of the forts below New
Orleans, the capture of that city and the battles on the
Mississippi River up to and including Vicksburg, 1862.
He was made commander in July, 1862, and served in
the " Owasco" at the fight and capture of the Galveston
forts.
In 1863 he was in command of monitor "Sangamon,"
of the South Atlantic Squadron. The "Sangamon" was
the first United States vessel to be fitted with a spar
torpedo, the invention of her commander. During 1864
he commanded " Galatea," on convoy duty in the West
Indies. In the latter part of that year, and 1865, he
commanded " Iosco," at both attacks upon Fort Fisher.
He was commissioned captain in 1866, and commodore
in December, 1872, when he became senior officer of the
Board of Inspection, and continuing as such until 1876.
He became commandant of the navy-yard, Ports-
mouth, New Hampshire, in 1877, and died there, while
still in command, January, 1879.
Commodore Guest was one of the most active and
daring officers of the navy, and was repeatedly com-
mended by commanders of squadrons on that account.
At Fort Fisher the " Iosco's" fire twice cut away the
flag-staff of the Mound Battery.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
1S1
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL PETER C. HAINS, U.S.A.
Lieutenant- Colonel Peter C. Hains (Corps of
Engineers) was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, July
6, 1840. He was graduated from the U. S. Military
Academy in the Class of June, [861, and appointed a first
lieutenant in the Second Regiment of Artillery. Imme-
diately on graduating he repaired, with other members of
his class, to Washington, and was assigned to the drilling
of volunteer troops, at that time assembling at the capital.
As an artillery officer he was engaged in the first battle
of Bull Run, in the siege of Yorktown, in the battles of
Williamsburg, Hanover Court-House, and Malvern II ill
(July 1).
In Jul}-, 1862, he was transferred to the Corps of Topo-
graphical Engineers, but continued to serve with the
artillery. In the second battle of Malvern Hill his bat-
tery commander, the gallant Captain Benson, was mortally
wounded, and the command devolved on him. He con-
tinued in the command of the battery, being engaged
in the battles of South Mountain and Antietam, as well
as in several skirmishes prior and subsequent to those
battles, until the latter part of September, 1862, when he-
was assigned as assistant topographical engineer at the
head-quarters Army of the Potomac.
When the Army of the Potomac was organized into
three grand divisions, he was assigned as chief topo-
graphical engineer of the Centre Grand Division, Major-
General Hooker commanding, participating in the battle
of Fredericksburg, Virginia, December 13, 1862, and con-
tinued with the Army of the Potomac until March, 1863,
when he was transferred to the Arm}- of the Tennessee,
at that time about to begin the turning movement that
resulted in the capture of Vicksburg, Mississippi.
He was assigned to duty as chief engineer of the
Thirteenth Arm)' Corps, and participated in the battles
of Port Gibson, Champion Hills, Black River Bridge, the
two assaults on Vicksburg, and conducted, throughout
the entire siege, the operations in front of the Thirteenth
Army Corps. After the surrender, he accompanied Sher-
man's army in its operations against Johnston, which
resulted in the capture of Jackson, Mississippi.
In August, 1863, he was assigned to the duty of con-
structing an intrenched camp at Natchez, Mississippi,
and remained there until April, [864, when he was trans-
ferred to General Banks's army, at that time returning
from the Red River campaign. He joined Banks's army
at the mouth of the Red River, and in July, 1804, after
the army had returned to New Orleans, he was assigned
to duty as chief engineer of the Department of the Gulf.
Early in 1865 he was offered the command of a regi-
ment of volunteers from New Jersey, the State from which
he was appointed, but, owing to the scarcity of engineer
officers at that time, was not allowed by the War Depart-
ment to accept it. Subsequently — in June, 1865 — he was
appointed by Governor Parker, of New Jersey, colonel of
the Tenth New Jersey Volunteers, but, as the war was
about closed, he was not mustered into the volunteer
service.
Lieutenant-Colonel Hains received the brevet of cap-
tain for " gallant and meritorious services in the battle
of Hanover Court-House," of major for "gallant and
meritorious services in the siege of Vicksburg," and of
lieutenant-colonel for " gallant and meritorious services
during the war."
Since the war Lieutenant-Colonel Hains has been
engaged on various works oi a civil and military nature.
For three years he was in command of the Faigineer
Post of Jefferson Barracks, Missouri. Subsequent to
that he served as engineer of the Fifth and Sixth Light-
House Districts, and as engineer secretary of the Light-
Plouse Board.
In 1882 he was assigned to the charge of the reclama-
tion of the Potomac flats at Washington, D. C, and con-
tinued in charge till November, 1891, when that work was
well advanced towards completion.
He constructed the new bridge on the piers of the
old aqueduct at Georgetown, D. C. ; a bridge across the
Anacostia at the foot of Pennsylvania Avenue ; a large
iron pier at Fort Monroe, Virginia, and a bridge across
Mill Creek.
Besides having served as a member of various boards
of engineers, he had charge of the improvement of a
number of rivers and creeks in the States of Virginia and
Maryland, as well as the defensive works of Hampton
Roads and the capital.
The present station of Lieutenant-Colonel Hains is
Portland, Maine, where he has charge of all river and
harbor works of improvement and the military works of
defence of the States of Maine and New Hampshire.
182
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
MAJOR-GENERAL HENRY WAGER HALLECK, U.S.A.
(deceased).
Major-General Henry Wager Hali.eck was born
at Waterville, Oneida County, New York, January 15,
1S15. After studying a short time at Union College,
he, in 1835, entered the West Point Military Acad-
emy, and graduated in 1839, when he was promoted
to the army as second lieutenant in the corps of engi-
neers, being at the same time appointed assistant pro-
fessor of engineering at the Academy. In the following
year he was made an assistant to the board of engineers
at Washington, D. C, and from 1S41 to 1844 was em-
ployed in connection with the fortifications of New York
harbor.
In 1845, Lieutenant Ilalleck was sent by the govern-
ment to examine the principal military- establishments of
Eumpe, and during his absence he was promoted to the
ranlc of first lieutenant. After his return, he, in the
winter of 1845-46, delivered at the Lowell Institute,
Boston, a course of twelve lectures on the science of war,
published in [846, under the title of " Elements of Mili-
tary Art and Science," and republished with additions,
in 1861.
On the outbreak of the Mexican War, Lieutenant
Ilalleck, in 1 N4' >. as military engineer, accompanied the
expedition to California and the Pacific coast, where he
distinguished himself not only as an engineer, but by his
administrative skill as secretary of state, and by his
presence of mind and bravery in several skirmishes with
the enemy. In 1847, he was brevetted to the rank of
captain. He continued for several years tp act on the
staff of General Riley, in California, holding at the same
time the office of Secretary of State of the Province ;
and he took a leading part in framing the State Consti-
tution of California, on its being admitted into the Union.
In 1852 he was appointed inspector and engineer of
light-houses, and in 1853 was promoted captain of engi-
neers. He, however, in 1854, resigned his commission
in the army, in order to devote his chief attention to the
practice of law, which he had already, for some time,
carried on ; and so great was his success in his profession
that the firm of which he was senior partner soon ob-
tained one of the largest legal businesses in the State.
He was also, from 1850, a director of the New Almaden
Quicksilver Mine, and in 1855 he became president of
the Pacific and Atlantic Railroad, from San Francisco to
San Jose.
At the outbreak of the Civil War, he was, in August,
1 86 1 , appointed major-general of the United States Army,
and in the following November was appointed com-
mander of the Western Department, where he conducted
the campaign against the Confederates, which caused the
evacuation of the strongly-fortified city of Corinth. In
July, 1862, he was appointed general-in-chief of the
armies of the United States, — a position he held until
March, 1S64, when he was succeeded by General Grant,
and was appointed chief of the staff.
In April, 1865, General Halleck held the command of
the Military Division of the James, and in August of the
same year, of the Military Division of the Pacific, which
he retained until March, 1869, when he was transferred
to that of the South, — -a position he held until his death,
at Louisville, Kentucky, January 9, 187J.
Besides his work on the " Science of War," General
Ilalleck was the author of " Bitumen : Its Varieties,
Properties, and Uses," 1841 ; "The Mining Laws of
Spain and Mexico," 1859; a translation of De Fooz,
"On the Law of Mines," with an introduction, i860;
" International Law," I S6 1 ; a translation of Jomini's
"Life of Napoleon," 1864; and a "Treatise on Inter-
national Law and the Laws of War, prepared for the
use of Schools and Colleges," 1866.
He was appointed professor of engineering in the
Lawrence Scientific School of Harvard University, Mas-
sachusetts, September 28, 184s, which he declined. The
degree of A.M. was conferred upon him by Union Col-
lege, New York, in 1843, and that of LL.D. in 1862.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
133
MAJOR-GENERAL WINFIELD S. HANCOCK, U.S.A.
(deceased).
Major-General Winfield S. Hancock was born in
Pennsylvania, and graduated from the U. S. Military
Academy July i, 1844. He was assigned to the Sixth
Infantry as brevet second lieutenant July 1, 1844, and
served on frontier duty at Fort Towson, Indian Territory,
1844.-45, ami at Fort Washington, Indian Territory,
1845-47. Promoted second lieutenant Sixth Infantry
Jul}- 1, 1846. He participated in the war with Mexico,
1 847-48, being engaged with the defence of convoy at the
National Bridge August 12, 1847; the skirmish at Place
del Rio August 15, 1847; the capture of San Antonio
August 20, 1847; the battle of Churubusco August 20,
1847; the battle of Molino del Rey September 8, 1847,
and the assault and capture of the City of Mexico Sep-
tember 13-14, 1847.
He was brevetted first lieutenant August 20, 1847, for
gallant and meritorious conduct in the battles of Contre-
ras and Churubusco, Mexico. He was promoted first
lieutenant Sixth Infantry January 27, 1853, and from
June 19 to November 2/, 1855, he was on duty at head-
quarters Department of the West. He was appointed
captain and assistant quartermaster November 7, 1855,
and was with troops at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas,
quelling the Kansas disturbances in 1857; was with the
head-quarters of the Utah reinforcements in 1858, and
with the Sixth Infantry on the march from Fort Bridger,
Utah, to California, the same year.
He was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers Sep-
tember 23, 1 861, and served during the war of the
Rebellion, participating in the defence of Washington,
D. C, and in the Virginia Peninsula campaign, Army of
the Potomac ; being engaged in the siege of Yorktown ;
in the battles of Williamsburg, Chickahominy, Golding's
Farm, Savage Station, and White Oak Swamp. He-
conducted the retreat to Harrison's Landing Jul}' 1-4,
and the movement to Centrcville, Virginia, August to
September, 1862. Was in the Maryland campaign, Army
of the Potomac, being engaged in the battles of Cramp-
ton's Pass, South Mountain, and Antietam. He conducted
the reconnoissances from Harper's Ferry to Charleston,
Virginia, October 10-11, and the march to Falmouth,
Virginia, October to November, 1862.
He was appointed major-general of U. S. Volunteers
November 29, 1862. During the Rappahannock cam-
paign he was engaged in the battles of Fredericksburg
and Chancellorsville, and in the Pennsylvania cam-
paign was in command of Second Corps of the Army
of the Potomac, being engaged in the battle of Gettys-
burg, where he was severely wounded in the repulse of
Longstreet's attack upon the left centre, which he com-
manded.
The thanks of Congress were tendered him May 30,
1866, " for his gallant, meritorious, and conspicuous share
in the great and decisive victory."
He was promoted major and quartermaster U. S. Army
November 30, 1863. Commanded and recruited Sec-
ond .Army Corps, January to March, 1864, and par-
ticipated in the Richmond campaign, commanding Sec-
ond Corps of the Arm}- of the Potomac, being en-
gaged in the battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania,
North Anna, Tolopotomy, Cold Harbor, and operations
in its vicinity ; and the battle before Petersburg June
16-18, 1864.
During the operations in the vicinity of Petersburg, he
was in command of the Second Corps Army of the
Potomac, and engaged in the battles of Deep Bottom,
Ream's Station, Boydton Plank Road, and the siege of
Petersburg, Virginia, June 15 to Nov. 26, 1864. He
was promoted brigadier-general U. S. Army August 12,
1864.
Prom November 27, 1864, to February 27, 1865, he-
was at Washington, D. C, organizing the First Army
Corps of Veterans, and from February 27 to July 18,
1865, he was in command of Department of West Vir-
ginia, and temporarily of the Middle Division and Army
of the Shenandoah.
He was brevetted major-general U. S. Army Novem-
ber 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services at the
battle of Spottsylvania, Virginia. He was in command
of the Middle Department from Jul}- 18, 1865, to Au-
gust 10, 1866, and of the Department of Missouri from
August 20, 1866. During part of 1867 he was engaged
in an expedition against the Indians on the Plains.
General Hancock commanded also for man}- years the
Department of the East, and was a candidate for the
Presidency of the United States in 1880. He died Feb-
ruary 9, 1 886.
[84
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
BRIGADIER-GENERAL MARTIN D. HARDIN. U.S.A.
(retired).
Brigadier-General Martin 1). Hardin was born at
Jacksonville, Morgan County, Illinois, June 26, 1837.
His great-grandfather, John Hardin, was an officer of
Morgan's Rifles in the Revolutionary War ; his grand-
father, Martin D. Hardin, was a Senator from Kentucky,
and served with distinction as an officer under General
Harrison in the war of iNu; his father, John J. Hardin,
was a prominent lawyer in Illinois, served in Congress
as a member in [843 and 1844, and was killed at the
battle of Buena Vista, Mexico, while commanding the
First Illinois Volunteers.
General Hardin graduated at West point in 1859, and
was attached to the Third Art.; served at the Artillery
School at Fortress Monroe, and accompanied the force
sent to recapture Harper's Ferry at the time of the
John Brown raid. Joined Major Blake's expedition,
which left St. Louis, Missouri, May 3, [860. It as-
cended the Missouri River to its head-waters, crossed
the Rock) Mountains by Mullan's Road, and reached
Fori Vancouver in October. Lieut. Hardin was in com-
mand ol Fort (Jmpequa, Oregon, when the late war
began.
He came cast with the Third Art. in the fall of 1 86 1 ;
served in the defences of Wa hington, ami with Me Call's
l)i\ision of Pennsylvania Reserves until March, iSoj,
wa : aide-de-camp to Colonel Hunt, commanding the Ait.
Reserves, Army of the Potomac, at the siege of York-
town, and "Seven Hays' Battles" before Richmond.
He was colonel commanding the Twelfth Regiment
Pennsylvania Reserves, July 8, 1862, and present in
Pope's campaign ; was slightly wounded at the battle of
Groveton, and severely wounded at second Bull Run,
whilst commanding Third Brigade of the Pennsylvania
Reserves. Commanded his regiment at Gettysburg, and
Third Brigade Pennsylvania Reserves at combats of
Falling Waters, Rappahannock Station, Bristoe Sta-
tion, and Mine Run campaign. lie was severely
wounded (losing left arm) whilst commanding troops
guarding Orange and Alexandria Railroad, December
14. 1863.
On light duty January \2 to May, 1864, and then
commanded First Brigade Pennsylvania Reserves, Third
Division Fifth Corps, at battles of Spottsylvania, North
Anna (when slightly wounded), Tolopotomy, and Be-
thesda Church. In this latter battle the First Brig-
ade Pennsylvania Reserves was sent to the front to re-
connoitre. Its skirmishers ran against the Confederate
breastworks, a short distance in front of the church.
When the brigade in line reached the church, it halted,
tore down the fences, piled up the rails, and laid down
behind these piles. Scarcely were the men in position
when Ramseur's Confederate division charged down the
pike. The Confederates came on in such large force, and
with such an impetus, that the volley from Hardin's
small brigade made no apparent impression. Soon the
other brigades of Third Division fifth Corps joined
Hardin's, and a line of battle was formed across the
country road. This line the Confederate division, after
changing front, charged. The Confederates were re-
pulsed with severe loss.
Colonel Hardin was appointed brigadier-general July
2, 1S64, and assigned to the command of the defences
of Washington, north of the Potomac. He was en-
gaged in defence of the Capital against the Confeder-
ate General Early's army, July, 1 K64.
These defences had been stripped of the proper garri-
son to reinforce General Grant's armies. Two regiments
of one-hundred-day men and a few dismounted batter-
ies formed the garrison for fourteen miles of defences.
The entile fence was put on the picket-line, when, meet-
ing Early's skirmishers ami making a strong resistance,
the Confederate advance force reported that the forts
and outworks were fully manned, thus causing General
Early to delay an attack- in force. This attack would un-
doubtedly have been successful, had it been made before
reinforcements to the garrison arrived.
General Hardin was relieved of the command of the
defences of Washington, and assigned to command of
District of Raleigh, North Carolina, August, 1865.
After the war he served in the Department of the
Lakes as staff officer, and at times in command of Forts
Wayne, Porter, or Gratiot.
Retired as brigadier-general December 15, 1870, for
loss of left arm and other wounds. He practised law
in Chicago, and has written a history of the Twelfth
Reginn nt Pennsylvania Reserves, articles for maga-
zines, rii
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
1S5
PAYMASTER H. T. B. HARRIS, U.S.N.
Paymaster II. T. B. Harris entered the service
as captain's clerk in March, 1863, on U. S. S. " [no,"
and sailed to the South Atlantic Ocean as convoy to the
ship " Aquila," with the monitor "Comanche" on board
in sections, for San Francisco.
She was convoyed to about 10 ' south latitude, where
the " Ino" parted with her and proceeded to cruise in
search of the rebel cruiser " Alabama," reported in that
locality. The "Ino" cruised for several months with
quite a number of exciting incidents in the way oi
false alarms as to identity of different steamers sighted ;
but the "Alabama," with her well-known elusiveness, wa
soon reported on the United States coast, — so the " Ino"
returned to New York, and the commanding officer
and his clerk went to the steamer "Commodore Bar-
ney," serving on the rivers and bays of Virginia and
North Carolina. In May, [864, the " Barney" rendered
very valuable assistance to the army in repelling Hoke's
attack on New Berne, firing one hundred and twenty
rounds with her IX. -inch Dahlgrens and 100-pounder
Parrott guns. In July of the same year, while the
" Barney" was at the head of Bachelor's Bay, guarding
the mouth of Roanoke River, the ram "Albemarle"
appeared and was hotly engaged by the " Barney" with
her 100-pounder Parrott and two IX. -inch Dahlgrens,
which compelled her to return toiler moorings at Ply
mouth.
The subject of this sketch was at this time acting as
signal-officer of the ship, and, in addition to that duty,
on this occasion, commanded the forward battery of three
IX. -inch guns with full crews of contrabands. After the
return of the "Albemarle" to Plymouth, he volunteered
to go with a boat's-crew at night Lip the Middle River to
a point opposite Plymouth, cross the swamp to a point
within two hundred feet of the ram, to observe and report
upon the apparent damage to her from the shots of the
" Barney." This duty was fraught with some danger, as
two of the enemy's picket-stations were passed, and the
trip through the cane brake was exceedingly difficult
and fatiguing, but was successfully accomplished, and
one prisoner taken, — a poor North Carolina conscript,
going up the river in a canoe to visit his family, who,
having seen some oi the reconnoitring party, was made
prisoner to prevent his divulging their presence, which
would have resulted in their capture.
Shortly after this the "Barney" returned to Norfolk,
where the commanding officer and his clerk were trans-
ferred to the steamer " Emma," of the North Atlantic
Blockading Squadron, and served on the Wilmington
blockade, with much excitement in the chase of blockade-
runners and frequent exchange of shots with the bat-
teries, until October, 1864, when the subject of this
sketch, who had been acting paymaster of the ship for
two months, during the absence through sickness of the
duly-appointed officer, was ordered to New York for
examination for appointment as acting assistant pay-
master, to which grade he was appointed November 1,
1864, and ordered to the monitor " Naubuc" at New
York; afterwards to the " Napa," at Philadelphia. On
February 21, [867, was appointed assistant paymaster;
February 17, 1 869, passed assistant paymaster, and Jan-
uary iS, [88 1, paymaster, having in the meantime served
in every squadron and at the naval depots at the Sand-
wich Islands and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; and at the time
of writing is paymaster of the navy-yard, New York,
where the disbursements exceed three millions of dollars
per year.
24
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular
FIRST LIFUTFNANT JOHN C. HARRIS. U.S.M.C.
First Lieutenant John C. Harris was born near
Philadelphia in 1840; admitted to theBarin 1861 ; be-
fore entering the service, volunteered, in January, [861,
on an expedition (p. 111*) to take and hold Fort Wash-
ington, on the Potomac, and witnessed the first Bull
Run disaster. He received a commission in 1861 , in the
Marine Corps, of which his uncle was then chief.
After some service about Washington, he was placed in
command of the guard of the war-steamer, " Pensacola"
(now, thirty years later, probably the only vessel of that
date, still in active service). After much delay, in prepa-
ration, she passed down the Potomac (witli President
Lincoln and some of his Cabinet, until) under the fire of
the rebel batteries, which failed, after repeated efforts, to
seriously injure her. At Hampton Roads some time was
spent in watching for the rebel iron-clad " Merrimac."
In February, [862, she continued South, to join Admiral
Farragut's fleet ; and, after almost a wreck on the Florida
reefs, and getting off witli difficulty, reached Key West,
Florida; refitted, and proceeded to Ship Island, where
were rendezvoused the fleet, Porter's mortar flotilla, and
General Butler's army. In April, 1862, after heavy fight-
ing at Forts St. Philip and Jackson, and the Chalmette
batteries, (he being wounded, and, later, brevetted for
" gallant and meritorious service" there,) (pp. 142-307*) —
these naval forces captured New ( Irleans, where the
"Pensacola" remained over a year; though he was for
a time a volunteer at the siege of port Hudson, with his
friend, General Godfrey Weitzel, of the U.S. Engineers.
Before General Butler's troops arrived, Lieutenant Harris
was thrice landed, with his men, t<> carry out Admiral
Farragut's different orders (pp. 141-142
In April, 1863, he was ordered North ; and soon after
the Union repulse, with great slaughter, at Fort Wagner,
off Charleston, was made adjutant of a battalion (p. 146*)
of five hundred men, sent from New York, to lead a
second storming-party against the Fort; which, with Fort
Gregg, was soon after taken, and the rebels cleared off
Morris Bland. After these captures and the assault
on Fort Sumter, — in which he was again a volunteer (p.
147*), in a picked body of one hundred men, called for by
Admiral Dahlgren, — the command retired to Foll_\- Island,
where the long stay on the Mississippi and exposure off
Charleston, with bad food and water, culminated in a
severe fever, which sent him, successively, to the hospital-
ship "Vermont;" to the hospital at Beaufort, South Car-
olina; and, when able to travel, back to the North.
A short service thereafter (in which he again volun-
teered) against the rebel cavalry raider, General Harry
Gilmore (under Ewell) in Maryland (p. 154*), terminated
his war experiences; — as the war about then ceased.
Service on man_\- courts-martial (in which he was gener-
ally Judge-Advocate) and at the Philadelphia Navy- Yard
then occupied him, until the U. S. S. " Ticonderoga"
(whose guard he commanded) sailed in November, 1865,
tor the European Squadron ; where he spent some three
years under Admirals Farragut and Goldsborough, vis-
iting all the main ports of Europe, the East, and North
and West Africa, with the Madeiras, Azores, Canaries,
Balearics, etc., — a cruise of unsurpassed interest; oppor-
tunity having been given for travelling, also, through the
interiors of countries. On his return to the United States
with Admiral Farragut, in 1869, on the frigate " Frank-
lin," he resigned, and resumed business-life. The Na:[al
Register of that year credits him with more " sea-service"
than any of the corps of his date, or of the six preceding
dates, — one officer excepted; who, however, was three
dates ahead of him.
On both sides of his family he came from pre-Revolu-
tionary Pennsylvania ancestry. I lis grandfathers, General
William Harris, of Pennsylvania, whose monument is at
the Great Valley Church, near Philadelphia, and Colonel
Persifor Frazcr on his maternal side, both served with
the Pennsylvania troops under General Washington. His
Frazer and Campbell ancestors evidence his partly Scotch
origin, and the Harris name, (which is identified with I Iar-
risburg, the capital of Pennsylvania) is English, being the
family name of the Earls of Malmesbury.
As he only served when quite young, and in the
regular Navy, where promotion awaited a vacancy ahead,
there was no opportunity for other advance, as in the
army. I lew as simply one of the million or more, whose
course of life, was deflected by the war-call of the coun-
try, who did what occasion offered ; and the survivors,
when no more needed, returned whence they came. This
modest record, therefore, he says, "must be of interest
mainly to his fellow-officers and friends."
* Collum's " Marine Corps."
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
187
CAPTAIN MOSES HARRIS, U.S.A.
Captain Moses Harris (First Cavalry) was born in
New Hampshire September 6, 1839. Entering the reg-
ular army as a private soldier in Troop G, First Cavalry,
he passed through the various grades to that of first ser-
geant, and then was appointed second lieutenant of the
same regiment May 18, 1864.
Prior to the war of the Rebellion he served on the
Indian frontier, and participated in an expedition against
Cheyenne Indians in 1857, under General Sumner. In
the summer of 1858 he marched with the troops to
Sweetwater River, Nebraska, en route to Salt Lake City,
and returned to Fort Riley. He again participated in an
expedition against Kiowa Indians, under General Sedg-
wick, in i860. He was at Fort Wise, Kansas, at the
breaking out nf the Rebellion, when the designation of
the regiment was changed from First to Fourth Cavalry.
After re-enlisting and being furloughed for two months,
in 1862 he rejoined his troop in the field at Nashville,
and participated in the various marches and campaigns
of the Army of the Cumberland from March, 1862, to
June, 1864, when he took part in the Atlanta campaign
as far as Kenesaw Mountain, participating in various
cavalry affairs and skirmishes, lie was promoted first
lieutenant August 15, 1864.
Captain Harris took part in the following engage
ments : Action at Solomon's Fork, Kansas, in 1 S 5 ~ ;
affair at Blackwater Springs, Kansas, in i860; battles of
Shiloh, Corinth, Perryville, and Stone River, 1862 ; Spring
Hill, Snow Hill, Franklin, Middleton, Shelbyville, Ring-
gold, and Chickamauga, 1863; Dallas, Georgia; Deep
Bottom, Virginia ; Newtown, Virginia; Shepherdstown,
Virginia; Leetown, Smithfield, Winchester, Millford,
Waynesborough, Tom's Creek, and Cedar Creek, Vir-
ginia, in 1864; and Appomattox Court-House, April 9,
1865. He was brevetted a captain September 19, 1864,
for " gallant and meritorious services at the battle of
Winchester."
Shortly after the close of the war we find the captain
on duty at New Orleans; and in 1866 he was transferred
to the Pacific coast, with many changes of stations,
numerous affairs with Indians, and disagreeable long
marches. He was engaged in scouting operations against
hostile Apaches from September, 1869, to March, 1870,
taking part in several small engagements. He was en-
gaged in constructing a wagon-road to the new post
in the White Mountains, Arizona Territory, in 1870-71.
He was then detailed for recruiting service, from which
he returned to Benicia Barracks in the early part of 1873.
In the summer of 1874 the captain was camped in the
Wallowa Valley, Washington Territory, watching restless
Nez Perce Indians under Chief Joseph, and afterwards
took station at Fort Colville. In 1878 he received a six-
months' leave of absence, but his troop being ordered
into the field against the hostile Snake and Bannock
Indians, he surrendered the unexpired portion and joined
his troop in the field in August, and participated in that
campaign under General O. O. Howard. After attending
the usual round of post duties, member of boards, scout-
ing, etc., he was in 1881 ordered to Arizona for field duty.
On October 4 he left Lathrop with troop by rail for
Arizona; on the 7th he took the trail of hostile Apaches
at San Simeon Station, Arizona, and pursued them to
the Mexican line. After being stationed at Fort Hua-
chuca and Fort Bowie until January, 1S82, he proceeded
to and took station at the Presidio of San Francisco. In
February of that year he was detailed on a board for
the purchase of cavalry horses, and in April he was
again ordered to Arizona, and was scouting against hos-
tile Apaches until May 25, when he returned to the
Presidio ; but the station of his regiment was changed in
1S84 to Montana, and his troop was assigned to Fort
Custer, from which post he was detached, August 15,
1886, for duty in Yellowstone Park. He established the
post of Camp Sheridan at Mammoth Hot Springs, and
continued to perform the duties of superintendent of the
park and commander of post of Camp Sheridan until
June 1, 18S9, when he took- station at Fort Custer, Mon-
tana, remaining there until his regiment was ordered to
Arizona in 1892.
1 88
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
COMMANDER-IN-CHIFF BENJAMIN HARRISON. U.S.A.
Commander-in-Chief Benjamin Harrison (President
of the United States) is the son of John Scott Harrison,
and grandson of General Win. Henry Harrison, President
of the United States from March 4 to April 4, 1841. I le
was born at North Bend, Indiana, in his grandfather's
house, August 20, 1833, graduated from Miami University
in Class of 1852; he subsequently passed through a legal
course, and began practice of law , it Indianapolis in 1854.
In the early part of the war of the Rebellion, Mr.
Harrison tendered his services to Governor Morton, of
Indiana, and the latter authorized him to raise a regi-
ment. When the regiment was complete, Governor
Morton voluntarily commissioned Mr. Harrison colonel
of the Seventieth Regiment, Indiana Volunteers.
When Bragg was hastening with the main body of his
army to Louisville, considerable excitement was created,
and Colonel Harrison's regiment — although muskets had
just been issued to them and they did not even know
how to handle them — was hurried to Bowling Green,
Kentucky, which was at that time fortified, and had
become a Union outpost, below which even-thin- had
been broken by the Confederates.
Colonel Harrison's first experience as an independent
commander was when he was sent on an expedition
list a body ,,f rebels lodged at Russellville. His
command was put aboard a train at Bowling Green and
hurried off When within about ten miles of the town
he was stopped by a burned bridge. ( Inly a portion of
a span was gone, however, and he made a pier of railroad
ties m the centre, then cut down a couple of large trees
and pushed them across the break. Prom a side-track
near by, rails were torn up and laid upon the timbers.
He pushed on with his train over the temporary bri<
and arriving at a proper point, after making his military
dispositions he suddenly and with energy attacked tin
rebel camp. The surprise was complete. Forty rebels
were killed and wounded, while only one Union soldier
was killed. He captured ten prisoners and all the horses
and arms, and then returned to Bowling Green.
Colonel Harrison's regiment was brigaded with the
Seventy-ninth ( )hio, and the One Hundred and Second,
One Hundred and Fifth, and the One Hundred and
Twenty-ninth Illinois, Brigadier-General Ward com-
manding; and, what is extraordinary, the organization
thus effected was kept unchanged to the close of the war.
From Bowling Green, Colonel Harrison, with his com-
mand, accompanied the brigade to Scottville, Kentucky,
ami thence to Gallatin, Tennessee, where he was occupied
guarding the Louisville and Nashville Railroad. Four
months were evenly divided between hunting guerillas and
drilling his men. Fhe brigade then marched to Lavcrgne
and thence to Murfreesborough. There it became part of
Granger's Reserve Corps. On the 2d of January, 1864, it
became the First Brigade of the First Division of the
Eleventh Army Corps, and Colonel Harrison was placed
in command of it, General Ward taking the division.
Shortly after this the Eleventh and Twelfth Army
Corps were consolidated into the Twentieth, whereupon
Ward's old brigade became the First Brigade of the
Third Division of the Twentieth Corps; and, as General
Ward returned to the command of the brigade, Colonel
Harrison resumed that of his regiment.
Colonel Harrison participated in the Atlanta campaign
and was engaged in the battles of Resaca, where, in
charging a battery, he was amongst the first to cross the
parapet. He also assisted in the capture of Cassville;
was engaged at New Hope Church, and commanded his
brigade in the engagements at Gilgal Church, Kenesaw
Mountain, Peach-Tree Creek, and Nashville. After the
last-named. Colonel Harrison was occupied in the pursuit
of Hood's army, and through many difficulties pene-
trated as far as Courtland, Alabama. He was then or-
dered to report to General Sherman at Savannah. At
Pocotaligo he was assigned to a brigade, with which he
joined Sherman at Goldsborough.
At the close of the war Colonel Harrison was made
brevet brigadier-general of volunteers, to date from Jan-
uary 23, 1865, "for ability and manifest energy and gal-
lantry in command of the brigade." He was honorably
mustered out of service at Washington, D. C, on tin
8th day of June, 1 865, and at once entered upon his
duties as reporter of the Supreme Court of the State of
Indiana. He was elected United States Senator in 1 88 I,
and held that office for six years.
In ]88S General Harrison became the Republican
candidate for President of the United States. He was
duly elected, and took his seat March 4, 1889, which
position he now holds, and by virtue of that position
became commander-in-chief of the army ami navy.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
189
CAPTAIN WILSON T. HARTZ, U.S.A.
Captain Wilson T. Hartz (Fifteenth Infantry) was
born in Pottsville, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, Sep-
tember 9, 1 S36 ; received an academic education; em-
barked in life as a civil and mining engineer; served
about one year at mining work, and then received an
appointment as an assistant engineer on the Mine Hill
and Schuylkill Haven Railroad, which position he held
tor about seven years, vacating it to answer the call of
the President for volunteers. He was enrolled on the
1 6th day of April, 186 1 ; mustered into service and ap-
pointed sergeant-major of the Sixth Pennsylvania Infan-
try April 22, 1.S61 ; and was mustered out of service
July 27, 1861. He was then appointed first lieutenant
First Regiment, Excelsior Brigade (Seventieth New
York volunteers), August 30, 1S61 (Hooker's Division,
Third Army Corps), mustered to date October 22, 1861,
and was adjutant of the regiment from February 1, 1862,
to October 28, 1862, part of the time on duty as acting
assistant adjutant-general of the brigade.
October IO, 1S62, he was transferred to the First Army
Corps for special assignment on the staff of General
Nelson Taylor; was appointed captain and assistant
adjutant-general of volunteers October 23, 1862. He
received a bullet-wound in the right breast at Freder-
icksburg, Virginia, December 13, 1862; was assigned to
duty as assistant to the commissary-general of prisoners
February 17, 1863, and continued on that duty under the
several administrative heads of the bureau — Generals
Hoffman, Wessells, and Hitchcock — until the office was
closed, and the records turned over to the adjutant-
general of the army, August 22, 1S67.
"Office Commissary-Genf.rai, of Prisoners,
" Washington, I). C, August 22, 1S67.
" Special Orders : In compliance with an order of the
adjutant-general of the 20th instant, the undersigned an-
nounces that he has delivered the books, papers, and
property of this office to the control and direction of
Brevet Brigadier-General Breck, of the Adjutant-General's
Department, and it only remains for him to tender his
thanks to the gentlemen in the office for their uniform
fidelity and industry.
" To Brevet Major W. T. Hartz he feels particularly
indebted, and desires to make his acknowledgment for
his services and experience in the office, which have been
of the highest value and importance, not merely to him-
self individually, but to the government.
(Signed) " E. A. Hitchcock,
" Major-General of Volunteers, Com.-Gen. Prisoners."
Captain Hartz was mustered out of service as a captain
and acting adjutant-general of volunteers, to take effect
September I, 1867. He was commissioned major of
volunteers by brevet to date from March 13, 1865, "for
faithful and meritorious service during the war." He-
then entered the regular service as second lieutenant
Fifteenth U. S. Infantry, to date from May 11, 1866, and
was promoted to first lieutenant June 17, 1867.
He was commissioned first lieutenant and captain by
brevet to date from March 2, 1867, "for gallant and
meritorious services in the battle of Fredericksburg, Vir-
ginia." On being mustered out of volunteer rank as
captain ami acting adjutant-general, he joined his com-
pany (D, Fifteenth Infantry) at Montgomery, Alabama,
and commanded the company (the captain being absent)
until January 25, 1868, when he was ordered to duty as
acting assistant adjutant-general of the District of Ala-
bama, and remained on that duty until the Fifteenth
Infantry left the State. August 12, 1S68. He marched
and served with the regiment in Texas and New Mexico,
on company and post duty as acting assistant quarter-
master and acting commissar}- of subsistence ; and as
engineer officer of the regiment on its march from Texas
to New Mexico in 1869, until the fall of 1874, when he
was ordered on recruiting duty until October, 1876. He
then took station at Fort Wingate, New Mexico, and
was promoted captain August 23, 1877.
Captain Hartz was on detached service, building can-
tonment at Bagosa Springs, Colorado, during the winter
of 1S7S-79; he was in the Ute campaign, winter of
1879-80; in the Victorio campaign, summer and fall
of 1880; escorting engineers Atchison, Topeka, anil
Santa Fe Railroad, winter of 1880-81, in New Mexico
and Arizona. ( )n leave of absence, spring of 1881 ;
thence to recruiting duty (special detail) until November,
1 88 1 ; joined his company at Fort Lyon, Colorado, and
served continuously' with the regiment in Colorado,
North Dakota, Louisiana, and Illinois. He was absent,
with leave from November 15, 1891, to Februaiy 29,
1892, and has been on duty with regiment since.
190
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
MAJOR WILLIAM L. HASK1N, U.S.A.
Major William L. Haskin (First Artillery) was born
at Iloulton, Maine, May 31, 1S41. lie is the son of the
late Brevet Brigadier-General Joseph A. Haskin, U.S A .
and is a graduate of the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
of Troy, New York, Class of 1 861, with the degree of
Civil Engineer. He entered the regular service from civil
life as second lieutenant, First Artillery, August 5, 1861,
and was promoted first lieutenant the same day. He
served during the war of the Rebellion, being stationed at
Fort Washington, Maryland, to November, 1 861, and was
then ordered to Fort Pickens, Florida, where he remained
until the occupation of Pensacola, Florida He was
stationed at Pensacola until July, 1S62, and then served
in the Department of the Gulf, Louisiana, until August,
1864. lie participated in the campaigns pertaining to
that locality, and was engaged in the battle of Fort Bis-
land, April 12 and [3, 1863; in a skirmish at Jennerets,
April 14, 1863; in the siege of Port Hudson, Louisiana,
from May 27 to July 8, 1863. He commanded Horse
Battery F, Firsl Artillery, during the second Red River
campaign, and was engaged in a skirmish at Marksville,
Louisiana, May 15, 1864, and in the action of Mansura,
Louisiana, May [6, 1864, for which he was honorably
mentioned to the Secretary of War by General Emory,
in the following words :
"Lieutenant Haskin commanded a hatter}- of the First
Artillery in the Red River campaign of [ 864, and greatly
distinguished himself by the good order and discipline of
his batter\-, and his gallantry and coolness upon all occa-
sions; but particularly on the 16th of May, at the battle
of Mansura, where he acted with conspicuous gallantry.
I, therefore, respectfully recommend that he be brevetted
captain of artillery, to date from May 16, 1864." At
the close of the war he was brevetted captain (July- 8,
1863) for " gallant and meritorious services in the capture
of Port Hudson, Louisiana;" and brevet major, March
13, 1865, for "good conduct and gallant services during
the war."
In September, 1864, Lieutenant Haskin was placed
on recruiting service, and in February, 1865, was ap-
pointed aide-de-camp to General J. A. Haskin, chief of
artillery Twenty-second Arm}- Corps. In the following
September he was ordered to Fort Trumbull, Connec-
ticut, and there performed the duties of acting assistant
quartermaster and assistant commissary of subsistence
until June, 1866, when he was sent with his battery to
Malone, New York, to assist in suppressing the Fenian
raid.
Lieutenant Haskin was promoted captain July 2S, 1866,
and was at Fort Schuyler until 1S70, when he was again
sent to Malone, New York, in May, to assist in suppress-
ing the second Fenian raid into Canada. He was then
stationed at various posts 011 the Atlantic coast until 1876,
when he was sent with his batter}- to South Carolina and
Florida, dining the contested election of that year. He
was also sent to Pittsburgh and Reading, Pennsylvania,
in 1877, during the labor riots.
Captain Ilaskin's station was changed to the Pacific
coast in 1 88 1, and he served at different posts until Sep-
tember, 1 888, when he was in charge of the office of
inspector-general, and inspector of target practice of the
Department of California, in October, 1888. He was
senior member of a board for reconnoissance of certain
harbors on the Pacific coast from March to May, i88y,
and commanded a battalion of light artillery at a summer
encampment from Jul}- to September, [889. He next
served at Alcatraz Island, harbor of San Francisco, and
then at other unimportant stations to the present time.
Captain Haskin was promoted major of the First Ar-
tillery August 11, 1887, and is now (Ala}-, 1892) in com-
mand of Fort Columbus, New York, and is the Secretary
of the Military Service Institution of the Unfted States,
and one of the editors of its journal.
He is the author of the " History of the First United
States Artillery," [879.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
191
CAPTAIN CHARLES HAY, U.S.A.
Captain Charles Hay (Subsistence Department) was
born in Holmes Count}-, Ohio, August 23, 1840, and is,
at the date of this record and portrait, in the fifty-second
year of his aye, and thirtieth of military service.
He first entered the service by enlistment at Cleveland,
Ohio, .April 23, 1861, for three months in the Eighth Ohio
Volunteer Infantry, and served as a private; and, imme-
diately on the expiration of this term, on July 24, 1861,
he enlisted at Camp Chase, Columbus, Ohio, in the
Twenty-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry for three years, —
serving the full term in the ranks as a private, corporal,
and regimental commissary sergeant. With the exception
of about three months in [862, his service with this regi-
ment was in West Virginia, where it performed consid-
erable scouting and marching, and had many minor
engagements with the rebels, in nearly all of which he
participated. August to October, 1862, his regiment was
with the Army of the Potomac in the campaign through
Maryland which culminated in the battles of South Moun-
tain and Antietam, in both of which he was engaged. In
the summer of 1863 he took part with his regiment in
pursuing and intercepting the rebel raider, General John
Morgan, in Pastern Ohio; and in June, 1864, was in
General Hunter's campaign against Lynchburg, Virginia,
which resulted disastrously, the Federal troops being
obliged to retreat to the Kanawha Valley, a distance of
over two hundred miles, through an unfriendly country
and harassed by the rebels, suffering many hardships
and privations because of insufficient supplies and a
forced march of eleven days.
In May, 1864, Captain Hay passed examination at
Washington City before the board presided over by Gen-
eral Silas Casey for a commission in the colored forces,
and subsequently, in July, 1864, was commissioned a
captain in the Forty-fifth Regiment U. S. Colored Volun-
teer Infantry, but declined the appointment.
Discharged by reason of expiration of service, July
24, 1864, he entered the office of the provost-marshal of
the Fourteenth ( )hio District, at Wooster, as a deputy,
where he remained until February 20, 1865, when he was
commissioned a captain in the First Army Corps of
Veteran Volunteer Infantry, then being organized by
General Hancock from volunteer soldiers who had served
two years or more and been honorably discharged.
After two months of recruiting duty in Ohio for the
corps, he joined it at Washington City, and was assigned
to the Fifth Regiment ; and remained in camp near
Washington until July, being present on duty with his
regiment during the trial and execution of the Surratt
conspirators. His remaining service with this regiment
was at Providence, Rhode Island, and on Staten and
Hart's Islands, New York harbor, until discharged May
28, 1866. Returning to Ohio, he entered the post-office
at Wooster as deputy, where he remained until March,
1867, when he was commissioned a second lieutenant in
the Thirty-sixth U. S. Infantry, reporting for duty May
1, 1867, at North Platte, Nebraska. For the next two
years he served with this regiment at posts and in the
field in the vicinity of the line of the LTnion Pacific Rail-
road, then being constructed, protecting its workmen in
what was then a hostile Indian country. At the reduc-
tion in 1S69 of the infantry of the ami)' from forty-five
to twenty-five regiments, he was placed on " waiting
orders," and so remained until Jul)', when he was as-
signed to the Twenty-third Infantry, and, conducting a
detachment of recruits from Carlisle Barracks to San
Francisco in August, reported for duty September 1 at
Boise Barracks, Idaho, where he served until after his
promotion to first lieutenant January, 1871, during which
he performed considerable escort duty in Idaho and Ore-
gon. His subsequent service of eighteen years in the
Twenty-third Infantry was at posts in ( )regon, Washing-
ton, and Arizona Territories, Nebraska, Kansas, Indian
Territory, Colorado, Texas, and at Buffalo, New York,
and comprised all of the garrison duties incidental to a
subaltern line officer, of which, however, those of post-
adjutant, quartermaster, and commissar)' were most fre-
quent and almost constant. His last duty as post-quar-
termaster was the entire rebuilding of Fort Porter, at
Buffalo, New York.
On December 10, 1888, Captain Hay was nominated
by President Cleveland for commissary of subsistence
with the rank of captain, and was confirmed January 15,
1889.
In September following he reported for duty at Denver,
Colorado, where he is at present stationed as purchasing
commissar)' of subsistence.
Captain Hay is a member of the Loyal Legion, Com-
mandery of Colorado.
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY is*
BRIGADIER-GENERAL WILLIAM B. HAZEN, U.S.A.
( ASI l>).
Brigadiek-Genekal William B. Hazen was born
in Vermont, and graduated from the Military Acadeni)
|uly i, 1855. He was promoted brevel sei ond lieutenant
of infantry the ame day, and second lieutenanl Eighth
Infantry September 4, [ S5 5- '''' '"'"' served on the
I '.K Hi Lst, and was engaged in skirmishes at Applegate
Creek fanuar) 5, and Big Kanyon February 12, [856.
He was then employed in conducting Rogue Rivei
Indians to Grand Ronde Reservation, Oregon, the same
year. He was on leave of absence and awaiting orders
from April to December, [857. He rejoined in Texas,
and was scouting against Apache Indians in [858, being
1 ngaged in a I irmish at Guadalupe Mountains fune [4.
In 1859 he wa ; 1 ngaged with Kickapoo Indians on the
Nueces, Maj 16 and Octobei 5, and, with Comanche
Indians on the Vanno November 5, when he was severely
wounded, and went on sick-leave of absence from 1859
to [861. He was brevetted first lieutenant May [6,1859,
for "gallant conduct in two several engagei ts with
Indians in Texa
Lieutenant I lazen was promoted first lieutenant April 1,
[861, while assistant instructor of infantr) tactics at the
Military Academy. He was promoted captain May 1 |,
1 861, and upon being relieved at the Militarj Academy,
September [8, 1 861, was appointed colonel of the Forty-
fii t < )hii 1 Volunteers, and, after recruiting and organizing
his regiment at Cleveland, wa engaged in the defence
ol the Ohio frontier, and in operations in Kentucky to
February, 1862, when he commanded a brigade in the
Army of the Ohio, and participated in the Tenn<
1 ampaign, being engagi d in the battle of Shiloh, April 7,
id the advance on Corinth. I [e was then on sick-
leave from May :-5 to July 4, 1862, when he returned, and
was engaged with his troops in repairing railroads to
August 4. After commanding at Murfreesborough for
awhile, he participated in the retrograde movement on
Louisville, Kentucky, and was engaged in the battle of
Pei ry\ ille a\m\ se\ eral skirmishes.
Colonel Hazen was appointed brigadier-general of
volunteers November 29, 1862, and participated in the
Tenn< s iee 1 ampaign with the Army of the Cumberland,
being engaged in a skirmish near Murfreesborough on
Christmas Hay, and battle ol Stone River December 31,
[862. After a short leave of absence, General Hazen
participated in the Tennessee campaign of 1863, and the
campaigns which followed, including the march to the
sea, .mil through the Carolinas, to the close of the war.
He was engaged in numerous skirmishes, and in the
battle of Chickamauga September 19 and 20, 1863; in
operations about Chattanooga, in a movement with fifty
two pontoons to Brown's Ferry, with which a bridge
ai ro :s the Tennessee River was formed, Lookout Valley
seized after a severe skirmish, and the line oi supplies oi
the army reopened. He captured the Nineteenth Ala-
bama Regiment atOrchard Knob November 23, and was
in the battle of Missionary Ridge November 25, [863.
I [e wa 1 1 ngaged also in the demonstration against Rocky-
face Ridge, battle of Resaca, action at Adairsville, at
Cassville, at Pickett's Mills, battle of Kenesaw Mountain,
combat of Peach tree Creek, siege of Atlanta, and, while
in command of the Second Division, Fifteenth Army
< 'orp , engaged in the battle of [onesborough, the march
to the sea, including numerous skirmishes, assault and
capture of Fort McAllister, near Savannah.
While en route through the Carolinas, General Hazen
constructed, with his troops, a trestle-bridge twelve
hundred feet long, in eighteen hours, over Lynch's
('reel., February 28, 1865, and was engaged in the battle
of Bentonville, North Carolina, March 20-21, 1865, and
was present at the surrender of fohnston's army April 26,
1865. He was appointed major-general oi volunteers
December i;, [864, and was brevetted in the regular
army from major to major-general, for gallant and meri-
torious services in the various general actions in which he
had been engaged.
After holding several important commands, anion;;
them the command of the Fifteenth Army Corps during
1865—66, he wa- mustered out of the volunteer service
January 15, [866, and then was a member of the Board
ol Officers to Recommend Brevet Promotions, lie was
appointed colonel of the Thirty eighth Infantry July 28,
[866, and while on duty in the West was transferred to
the Sixth Infantry, upon the consolidation of regiments
in 1869. He then served at various posts in the West
with that regiment until December 15, 1880, when he
was appointed brigadiei general and chief signal-officer,
and stationed at Washington, D. C, at which place he
died January u>, 1 887.
WHO SERVED IX THE CIVIL WAR.
193
G >LONEL CLEMENT D. HEBB, U.S.M.C.
Colonel Clemeni I >. Hebb was born in Virginia,
but was appointed a second lieutenant in the Marine
Corps of the United Slates, from California, March, [856.
Alter going through his preliminary training at head
quarters, and at the marine barracks .it Philadelphia,
where a large force of marines was always then kept, he
was ordered in command ol the marine guard of the
sloop-of-war " Falmouth," and served in the Brazil foi
three years, During the year [859 he was alia, lied to
the "Preble," of the Paraguay Expedition. After re
turning from the South American Station, Lieutenant
Ilehh served at head- quarters ; at marine barracks, New
York; at marine barracks, Pensacola ; and at head-
quarters again in [860-61. These were trying times, and
people had to declare their sentiments very plainly.
Lieutenant Hebb was ordered, with a detachment of
marines, to occupy Fori Washington, on the Potomac,
to prevent that fort from falling into the hands "l tin
rebels. In fune, 1S61, he was commissioned a first lieu-
tenant, and, after a short term at the marine barracks at
Boston, was ordered to the frigate " Santee," ol the \\ e 1
Gulf Squadron. He was promoted to captain while thus
serving, and, being detached, served at the marine bar-
racks at Norfolk, Virginia, and at Philadelphia. During
a portion of the year [865 he served with the battalion
of marine, at Morris and Folly Islands, South Caro
Una. During 1864 and [865 he was on duty at New
York, Portsmouth, New Hampshire, and at Washing
ton; was attached to the flag ship "Colorado," of the
European Squadron, from .April, 1865, to August,
[867.
Captain Hebb was, after this date, in command of the
marine barracks at Washington; the marine liana- I
at Mound City; and again at Washington, 1 1. C. Thence
he went to the marine barracks at Boston, and was trans-
ferred to the 1 011 in land of the marine liar rails at I'elisa-
cola, where he remained from October, [869, to June,
[872. In [872—73 he was stationed al Annapolis, aftei
wards serving in the flag-ship "Pensacola," Pacifii
Squadron. From July, [874, to May, 1880, he com
manded marines at the Marc Island Navy- Yard, Cali-
fi H'lli.l.
Commissioned major 1876. From May, 1880, to
February, 1S.X5, commanded marines at Boston Navy
Yard; commissioned lieutenant-colonel April, 18S0;
commanded marines at navy yard, Portsmouth, New
I [ampshire, 1885, to Augu 1, [889.
Commissioned colonel August, [889, and stationed for
a lew months at League Island, Philadelphia. March
1, [890, appointed to the command of the marine bar-
racks at the navy-yard, Boston, Massachusetts.
Colonel Hebb was ordered by the Honorable Secre-
tary of tin Nav) on September 7, [891, to Washington,
I ).('., to command the Marine Corps while the com-
mandant (McCawley) was ick, and until his retirement
and successor was appointed in February, 1 89 1, when
he returned to tin Bo ton Marine Barracks.
25
■94
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY secular)
CAPTAIN AND BREVET COLONEL HENRY B. HEN-
DERSHOTT, U.S.A. (retired).
Captain and Brevet Colonel Henry 15. Hender-
SHOTT was born at Burlington, Kentucky, May 23, 1824.
I [e was graduated at the United States Military Academy
in the Class of 1 847, and was assigned as a brevet
second lieutenant to the Fifth U.S. Infantry, then serving
in the war with Mexico. Shortly after graduation he
proceeded to join his regiment at the seal of war in the
City ol Mexico; but, owing to a virulent attack of yellow
fever in the Castle of San Juan d'Ulloa, off the coast of
Vera Cruz, he did not reach his command until late in
the fall of 1847. Shortly after joining his regiment he
volunteered his services to act with a large force then
fitting out in the City of Mexico by General Scott to
open up the route between that city and Vera Cruz, which
was then infested by large bands of guerillas under the
noted guerilla chief Padre Jurata. He served with dis-
tinction, and was highly commended by his commanding
officer, General Daniel Ruggles, fifth Infantry, for his
services on this occasion. On his return from Vera Cruz
he was promoted to the rank of second lieutenant in the
Second U. S. Infantry, and served creditably with this
regiment until the close of the war. Immediately after
this war, his regiment being ordered t<> California, he
accompanied it to its destination, arriving at San Fran-
cisco on July 9, 1849, after a long and disastrous voyage
of six months, via Cape Plorn. On his arrival in Cali-
fornia he was ordered with his company to cantonment
Par-West, in the foot-hills of the Sierra Nevada, in the
northern part of California. Whilst at this station he
performed, in addition to the duties of company com-
mander, all the staff duties incidental to a post command.
While at Par- West he took an active part in numerous
engagements with hostile Indians in the Sierra Nevada
Mountains. On June 30, 1850, he was promoted to a
first lieutenancy in his regiment, and joined his com-
mand, then on the Great Colorado Desert, en route to the
junction of the Gila and Colorado Rivers. Here, again,
in addition to his line command, he performed those of
staff duties, and selected, with the approval of the com-
manding officer, General (then major) Samuel P. Heintzel-
man, the present site of Port Yuma. He served three
years at Yuma, and during this time was an active par-
ticipant in many engagements against hostile Indians,
notably the Yumas, Cocopas, Mohaves, etc. His ser-
vices at this station were most arduous, and owing to
these and exposure in tents to the heat of this exces-
sively hot climate for nearly three years, frequently with
an inadequate supply of provisions, his health was com-
pletely broken down. In the winter of 1854 he was
ordered, with the officers of his regiment, to the Atlantic
sea-board, to recruit his regiment. After three months'
recruiting service, we find him again in active field ser-
vice at Ports Ridgely and Randall, then in the Indian
country.
In the spring and summer of 1859 he served in a
campaign on the plains with W. T. Sherman's battery
against hostile Sioux Indians ; and in the winter of that
year was ordered with his company to Fort Leaven-
worth, making an overland march of nearly six hundred
and fifty miles.
It was while stationed at Leavenworth that he was
transferred to the Second U. S. Artillery, and for the
first time, in nearly fifteen years of hard service, availed
himself of his first leave of absence. It was on his
return from this leave, to join Barry's battery at Leav-
enworth, that he sustained at Hannibal, Missouri, serious
and painful external and internal injuries. He was taken
from there to Jefferson Barracks, and after a painful and
lingering confinement of nearly two years to his post
and quarters, again resumed such duties as he was able
to perform, viz. : Chief commissary Department of the
West, on the staff of General Fremont; superintendent
of the recruiting service for the State of Iowa, and duty
in the office of the provost-marshal general.
Believing that his usefulness as an officer for active
field service had gone by, he reluctantly went upon the
retired list near the close of the war; but continued to
perform such duties as his health and condition would
permit, until 1 870, when, by a general order, all retired
officers were relieved from duty.
He was successively brevetted a major, lieutenant-
colonel, and colonel for faithful service during the war
of the Rebellion. He was also appointed Register of the
Virginia Land Office.
By the advice of his medical officer he took up his
residence at Aiken, South Carolina, where he now re-
sides, in very feeble health.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
195
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL AND BREVET COLONEL
GUY V. HENRY, U.S.A.
Lieutenant-Colonel and Brevet Colonel Guy V.
Henry was born at Fort Smith, Indian Territory, March
9, 1839. lie was graduated at the U.S. Military Acad-
emy in the Class of 1861, at the breaking out of the war
of the Rebellion, and assigned as a second lieutenant to
the First LT. S. Artillery. He served with distinction in
that regiment until made colonel of the Fortieth .Mas-
sachusetts Infantry, in the fall of 1863, and continued
throughout the war with that command.
The attention of the commanding general was called
"to the gallant and distinguished services of Firsl
Lieutenant Guy Y. Henry" in the battle of Pocotaligo,
South Carolina, October 22, 1862, and again to the
advance led by Colonel Henry, of the Fortieth Massa-
chusetts Infantry, into Florida, in 1864, in the following
words by General Seymour: "I cannot commend too
highly the brilliant success of this advance, for which
great credit is due Colonel Henry and his command,
and 1 earnestly recommend him to your [General Gill-
mo re's] attentii >n as a most deserving and energetic officer."
General Seymour again complimented < !olonel I [enry,
in his report on the battle of Olustee, as follows:
"Colonel Henry kept his cavalry in constant activity,
watching and neutralizing that of the enemy, and by
important and gallant services before and after, as well
as during the battle, was eminently useful. I desire to
recommend him to you [General Gillmore] as a highly
deserving officer."
At the close of the war, when Colonel Henry was
mustered out of the volunteer service, he was brevetted
a colonel in the regular army, and had the honor con-
ferred upon him of being made a brevet brigadier-general
of volunteers.
Since the war Colonel Henry has had various posi-
tions of trust assigned him in the Indian country west "I
the Missouri River, and was transferred to the Third
U.S. Cavalry in 1870, reaching the grade of major of the
Ninth Cavalry in 1 88 1. While in the cavalry service
he has not only endured hard campaign duty, but has
met with some sad misfortunes while in the performance
of it. He has been engaged with different tribes of
Indians in Arizona, Wyoming, Utah, Nebraska, anil
Dakota; and in the expedition to the Black Hills in the
winter of 1874 and 1875 he, with his command, was
badly frozen. Notwithstanding this misfortune, Colonel
Henry is found again with his command in the Big
Horn and Yellowstone expedition of 1876, where he was
severely wounded through the face, losing the use of
his left eye, in the battle of Rosebud Creek, Montana.
He is honorably mentioned in General Orders by
General Crook for this affair, and as "carrying on his
person honorable marks of distinction in the severe
0T
wound he received at the hands of the enemy." Before
thoroughly recovering from his wounds, he is found
commanding a battalion in the capture of Crazy Horse
Village of Sioux Indians in 1877.
After these arduous duties, and being much broken
in health, Colonel Henry was granted leave of absence,
and made an extended tour through Europe, returning
in time, however, to take part in the White River expe-
dition from September to December, 1879. In the winter
of 1890 he commanded the Ninth Cavalry in the Sioux
Indian troubles at Pine Ridge Agency, South Dakota.
In addition to his extensive field service. Colonel
Henry was an instructor at the Fort Monroe Artillery
School from 1867 to 1869; was a member of an artillery
board to witness experiments with heavy guns at Fort
Delaware in 1868; a member of a board of officers to
determine and fix the cavalry accoutrements, equipments,
and supplies at Fort Leavenworth in 1874; and member
of a board of officers to determine and fix on cavalry
accoutrements, equipments, and supplies at Washington
in fuly, 18S2. 1 le also occupied important staff positions
during and since the war.
Colonel Henry is a son of Major William Seaton
Henry, Third U. S. Infantry, and grandson of Daniel
D. Tompkins, who was twice Governor of New York
and Vice-President of the United States; also of Smith
Thompson, who was Secretary of the Navy and Judge
of the Supreme Court.
Colonel Henry has furnished the profession with the
following military works: " Records of Civilian Appoint-
ments U.S. Army," "Army Catechism for Non-Commis-
sioned Officers and Soldiers," pamphlet on " Target
Practice," and " Practical Information for Non-Commis-
sioned Officers on Field Duty." He was promoted lieu-
tenant-colonel Seventh Cavalry January 30, 1892, and
is in command at Fort Myer, Virginia.
196
OFFICERS OF THE ARJfV AXD NA1T [regular)
MAJOR JAMES HENTON, U.S.A.
Major James Henton (Twenty-third Infantry) was
born in Liverpool, England, February 2, [835. He
enlisted in the Sixth U. S. Infantry November 22, [853,
and served at Jefferson Barracks and Fort Riley, Kansas,
until August, 1S54, when he marched with his company
to Fort Laramie, then in Nebraska Territory reaching
that post in the subsequent ( >ctober, where he remained
until June 2j, 1857. During this period he took part in
several expeditions, under General Harney, against the
Sioux and Cheyenne Indians, lie participated in the
expedition against the Cheyennes, under Colonel E. V.
Sumner, and was engaged in the action at Solomon's
Fork July 29, 1857. On the breaking up of this expe-
dition he accompanied several companies of his regiment
to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and did duty in that \ icinity
as posse comitates during the political disturbances of that
period, until April, [858, when he left that post with his
entire regiment as part of the Mormon expedition, under
General Albeit Sidney Johnston. In August, 1858, when
this expedition was over, he marched with his regiment
overland to Benicia Barracks, California, reaching the
destination about the 6th of the following November,
and on the 22d of the latter month he received his
discharge for expiration of term of service, having been
previously promoted corporal, sergeant, and first sergeant.
He re-enlisted at Newport Barracks, Kentucky, and
became a lance-sergeant of the Permanent Party. In
December, [860, he was detached and placed in charge
of a recruiting rendezvous at St. Louis, Missouri, under
First Lieutenant J. D. O'Connell, Second Infantry. In
September, 1 861, he was transferred and made first ser-
geant of Company A, Second Battalion, Fourteenth In-
fantry, at Fort Trumbull. The regiment was transferred to
Perryville, Man-land, soon afterwards, and while there
he was appointed second lieutnant hum < >ctobei'5, [861.
In March, 1862, Lieutenant Henton, with his regiment,
proceeded to Washington, D. C, and formed part of the
Army of the Potomac, participating in the campaigns of
that army until August, 1863, being engaged in the siege
of Yorktown, and in the battles of Gaines' Mill, Mal-
vern Hill, second Bull Run, Antietam, Snicker's Gap,
Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg.
From September, 1863, to March, 1865, he was de-
tached on recruiting service, but rejoining his regiment at
tin latter date, in the field, he participated in the operatii >ns
terminating with the surrender of General Lee, and at
the close of the war was brevetted captain " for gallant
and meritorious conduct at the battle of Gettysburg,
Pennsylvania."
After a short tour of duty as provost guard in the
city of Richmond, the regiment was concentrated at
Hart Island, New York, preparatory to moving to the
Pacific coast. While at this station Lieutenant Henton
was appointed adjutant of the Second Battalion of the
Fourteenth Infantry, and in that capacity proceeded, on
the [6th oi August, 1865, to San Francisco, California,
via the Isthmus of Panama, reaching the former place on
the 9th of the following September, but was transferred
to Port Vancouver, Washington, at which post he per-
formed the duties of adjutant until promoted captain,
November 4, 1865, but did not join his company until
March, 1866, at which time he was relieved as adjutant,
and took station at Fort Cape Disappointment, but soon
afterwards was ordered to Port Boise, Idaho. Dur-
ing the year [866 the Second Battalion of the Four-
teenth Infantry became, under the reorganization law,
the Twenty-third Infantry.
In October, 1866, Captain Henton's station was changed
to Camp Warner, Oregon, at which point some field ser-
vice was had, under General Crook, against the Piute and
other Indians. He was then transferred to Arizona with
his company in June, 1872, but was detailed on recruiting
service in New York City* from January, 1873, to ( )ctober,
[874. Rejoining his company at Fort Omaha in April,
1875, then moving to Fort Dodge, Kansas, he served there
and at Port Hays and Fort Supply to 1880. In May of
this year he participated in General Mackenzie's expe-
dition against the Ute Indians.
After serving at Uncompahgre Cantonment, and at
Port Union, New Mexico, Captain Henton was trans-
ferred with his regiment to Michigan in 18S4, and he
took station at Fort Brady, where he was in command
until May, 180,0, when the regiment was transferred to
Texas, the captain being ordered to Fort Davis, reaching
that place May [4, 1890.
Captain Henton was promoted major January 31,1 89 1 ,
and assigned to the Twenty third Infantry, and in May,
1892, moved therefrom, in command of B and D com-
panies, to Port Bliss, Texas, his present station.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
197
CAPTAIN AND BREVET MAJOR FRANK W. HESS,
U.S.A.
Captain and Brevet Major Frank W. Hess (Third
Artillery) was bom in Fulton Count)-, Pennsylvania,
December 15, 1X36. He was educated in the common
schools of his count}-, at Milnwood Academy in Hunt-
ingdon Count}-, and at Shryock's school in Chambers-
burg, Pennsylvania. He taught school and studied law,
and was thus engaged when the war of the Rebellion
commenced. He joined one of the companies that re-
sponded to the first call for troops as it passed through
the village where he was teaching. On arrival at the
rendezvous men enough had joined, while en route, to
make two companies. Of one he was made captain, and
ordered to duty with General Patterson's column in t he-
valley of Virginia, lie was honorably discharged, with
this company in August, 1861, and re-entered the service
as a lieutenant in the Third Penn. Cavalry in Sept., ami
served with it during the remainder of the war, being
honorably mustered out in Aug, 1865, as its major.
He participated in thirty-eight battles and skirmishes.
(For names of these, see " Powell's Record of Living
Officers.") He was appointed a first lieutenant in the
Eleventh Infantry February 23, 1866, and transferred in
that year to the Twenty-ninth. In 1870 he was trans-
ferred to the artillery arm, and assigned to the Third
Regiment, in which he attained his captaincy in 1886.
lie was stationed in Texas during the reconstruction
period, and served as mayor of the city of Marshall and
military commissioner of Harrison Count)-, and made
decisions in man\- important cases of litigation, perform-
ing the delicate and difficult duties of a civil office so as
to meet the approval of his superiors and gain the friend-
ship of all law-abiding citizens.
Of his services, in the report of the operations of his
brigade at Malvern Hill, General Warren say:
Lieu-
tenant Hess, of the cavalry, reported to me with a pla-
toon, was pushed forward till the enemy's pickets were
reached. Throughout the day he continued to observe
the enemy in front, while the fierce battle was going on
to our right, and rendered most valuable service."
This day was spent under a severe shell-fire from our
own gun-boats in the river, which were attempting to
reach the enemy over the heads of this little command,
in which one man and several horses were killed.
General Averell, reporting the result of a reconnoissance
to and fight at White-Oak-Swamp Bridge, August 5,
1862, says: "I am particularly indebted to Lieutenant
Hess, Third Pennsylvania Cavalry, my acting aide on the
occasion, for his readiness in carrying orders and placing
the squadrons and guns in position."
In a letter to the Secretary of War, General George
G. Meade, commanding Army of the Potomac, says :
" Major Hess served as major of the Third Pennsylvania
Cavalry whilst that regiment was on duty at the head-
quarters of the arm)-. During this period it was fre-
quently called on by me to perform picket, scouting, and
other duties, giving me an opportunity to become per-
sonally acquainted with the manner in which Major
Hess discharged his duties. I take pleasure in stating
that he was active, intelligent, and faithful, and recom-
mend him for appointment in the regular army."
General George P. Buell, on the 10th of August, 1868,
in a letter to the War Department, says of him : " He is
one of the most efficient officers of the regriment of Food
education, zealous in discharge of his duty, proud of his
profession, and deeply attached to his country."
Lieutenant-Colonel Owen, who commanded the Third
Pennsylvania Cavalry in the Antietam campaign, in a
letter to the adjutant-general, said : "Captain Hess dis-
tinguished himself by his sound judgment and personal
bravery, and at all times by his fidelity to the interests of
the service. At Antietam, when Hooker was wounded
and his command repulsed, Captain Hess was one of the
last to leave the field, and principally through his exer-
tions a section of artillery was removed when the enemy
were within a few yards of it."
General J. B. Mcintosh says, in an official paper: "I
can testify to his gallant conduct in every action in which
his regiment was engaged."
General A. S. Webb said, October 31, 1868, to the
adjutant-general of the army: "Major Hess, when on
duty with his regiment at head-quarters of the Army of
the Potomac, was specially commended by Major-Gen-
eral Meade, commanding that army, and by myself as
chief of staff, for distinguished gallantry, enterprise, and
zeal in opening communications between corps in the
vicinity of Hatcher's Run. General Meade will sanction
this use of his name, since this was not the only occasion
on which Major Hess distinguished himself."
198
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular,
COLONEL-COMMANDANT CHARLES HEYWOOD,
U.S.M.C.
Colonel-Commandant Charles Heyvvood was burn
in Maine, [839; appointed from New York, April, 1858.
At the marine barracks, at Washington, and at Brook-
lyn, during that year, and served in the quarantine
riots at Staten Island. On special duty in " Niagara,"
and in "St. Louis," of Home Squadron, looking after
the filibusters, under Walker. Invalided from Aspin-
wall, January, i860. Afterwards ordered to sloop-of-
war "Cumberland," flag-ship "I Squadron of Observa-
tion, at Vera Cruz. In March, [861, the "Cumberland"
returned to Hampton Km. ids, and there at the time of
the destruction of the Norfolk Navy- Yard. Heywood
was promoted to first lieutenant May, 1861 ; landed with
marines at Hatteras Inlet, ami present at the capture of
Forts Clark and 1 latter. is.
Promoted to captain in the Marine Corps November,
1S61 ; on a number of boat expeditions in the lames
River during winter of 1861-62; was on board the
" Cumberland" during the fight with the ram " Merri-
mac" and consorts, March 8, 1862, and most favorably
mentioned for gallant conduct. For some time alter this
Captain Heywood was actively employed, both on shore
and in the search for the "Alabama," and then applied
for duty on board the flag ship "Hartford," and was
ordered as licet marine offii 1 r of West Gulf Squadron;
served with the marines on shore, at Pensacola. On
board the " Hartford" at the battle of Mobile Bay. Had
command of two nine inch guns, and was favorably
mentioned.
Commanded Fort Powell, after its capture; marine
barracks, Brooklyn, and Recruiting Rendezvous Phila-
delphia, [865 ; brevi ts of major and lieutenant-colonel for
distinguished gallantry in the presence of the enemy.
Ordered to command of marine barracks, navy-yard,
Washington, 1865 ; fleet marine officer under Admiral
Farragut, European Station, 1867; command of marine
barracks at Washington, and at Norfolk; and fleet
marine officer of the North Atlantic Squadron. In Jan-
uary, 1X74, was attached to the flag-ship "Wabash,"
and commanded the marines during all the shore drills
carried on by the navy at Key West and elsewhere.
Was attached to the marine barracks at Brooklyn, when,
in June, 1874, he was ordered to New Orleans to report
to Admiral Mullany, as fleet marine officer of the North
Atlantic Station; was attached to that admiral's staff
during the troubles of that year in New Orleans. After
serving in the "Worcester" and the "Hartford," was
detached, and again ordered to Brooklyn Barracks, in
September, [876.
In November, 1876, he attained the substantive rank
of major, to which he had been brcvetted more than
ten years before, and ordered to command the marine
barracks at Washington. In July and August, 1877,
had command of a battalion of marines at Baltimore,
Philadelphia, and at Reading, Pennsylvania, during the
very serious labor riots of that summer. Honorably
mentioned by General Hancock, who was in general
command. The state of the battalion for efficiency,
neatness, and general soldierly bearing was commented
upon by all who were capable of judging of such
matters. Colonel and Medical Director Cinder, of the
Division of the Atlantic, in his official report, com-
mended their condition in every respect, in spite of the
hard duty they had suddenly imposed upon them. He
said, " It is quite remarkable that men performing such
service are able to keep themselves and their arms, etc.,
so clean." "The officers evidently take pride in looking
after the health and comfort of the men."
In general orders, General Hancock, who knew what
a soldier should be, bore testimony to this battalion's
" soldierly bearing, excellent discipline, and devotion to
duty" during a veiy trying time, and especially men-
tioned " Major Charles Heywood, of the marines." In
[880 Major Heywood went to the marine barracks at
Mare Island, and returned to the command of the
Brooklyn Barracks in 1883. In 1 885, by telegraphic
order, and within twenty-four hours, equipped two hun-
dred and fifty men to go to Panama, to open the transit,
and protect American lives and property. After reach-
ing the Isthmus Colonel Heywood was reinforced, and
had under his command nearly eight hundred marines,
and a strong detachment of sailors, with artillery. For
the arduous service there the admiral commanding asked
1 olonel Heywood to "receive his grateful acknowledg-
ments."
Colonel Heyw 1 is now the commandant of the
Marine Corps of the L nited States.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
199
MAJOR JOHN HENLEY HIGBEE, U.S.M.C.
Major John Henlev Higbee was born in New York
( itv September 1 I, 1839. He is the son of the late Rev.
Dr. Edward Y. Higbee, of Trinity Church, New York.
On his mother's side he is descended from the Henley
and Dandridge families of Virginia. Leonard Henley,
Major Higbee's great-grandfather, married Elizabeth
Dandridge, the sister of Martha Washington. Commo-
dore John Dandridge Henley, U. S. Navy, grandfather of
Major Higbee, and nephew of Mrs. Washington, received
his warrant as midshipman from the hands of General
Washington himself.
Major Higbee's grandaunt, Mis. Francis Dandridge
Lear, a niece of Mis. Washington, married Colonel Lear,
military secretary of General Washington, and lived for
many years with General and Mrs. Washington at
Mount Vernon. Major Higbee entered the Marine
Corps as second lieutenant March 9, 1861. In June of
the same year he was ordered to the LT. S. S. "Vin-
cennes," West Gulf Blockading Squadron. lie was com-
missioned as first lieutenant September 1, 1861. While
attached to the " Vincennes," he was sent upon a number
of expeditions up the Blackwater River, Florida, in com-
pany with detachments of the army. Joined the U. S. S.
flag-ship " I Iartford," Admiral Farragut, September, 1862.
Took part in the battles of Port Hudson, Vicksburg,
Warrenton, and Grand Gulf, March 14, 19, 21, 23, and
28, 1863; bombardment of Port Hudson Ma}- 27, [863,
and was present at the surrender of the latter place ;
was brevetted captain for 'gallantry in battle May 25,
1863.
During the month of April, 1 863, while the " Hartford"
was blockading the mouth of the Red River, First Lieu-
tenant Higbee was selected by Admiral Farragut to per-
form picket duty. The admiral expected a night attack
by the rebel ram fleet, then at Alexandria, and after dark
Lieutenant Higbee was sent, every other night, about
three miles up river in a canoe paddled by two contra-
bands. He was provided with rockets to signal the
" Hartford" in case of any movement on the part of the
rebel fleet. In going up river, Lieutenant Higbee was
obliged to pass close to a rebel picket, making the duty
extremely hazardous. Lieutenant-Colonel Broome, then
Captain Broome, at the time in command of the marines
of Admiral Farragut's fleet, states as follows: " I know
there was no individual service rendered by any one
moie gallant and hazardous during the war of the Re-
bellion."
Lieutenant Higbee was ordered to marine barracks,
New York, August, 1S63. Commissioned captain June
IO, 1S64. Receiving-ship " North Carolina," 1864; ma-
rine barracks, Norfolk, Virginia, 1865; flag-ship "New
Hampshire," 1S65-66; marine barracks, New York,
1866;. marine recruiting rendezvous, 1866-68; marine
barracks, Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 1868-69; marine-
barracks, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1869; fleet marine-
officer, Pacific Station, 1870-73; marine barracks, Mare-
Island, California, 1S71; marine barracks, Portsmouth,
New Hampshire, 1873—78; fleet marine-officer, Asiatic
Station, 1878-81 ; marine barracks, Boston, Massachu-
setts, 1881-82; marine barracks, navy-yard, Washing-
ton, D. C, 1883-86; commanded Second Battalion of
marines on Isthmus of Panama, April, 1S85 ; marine
barracks, Norfolk, Virginia, 1886; marine barracks,
Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 18S8-92 ; commissioned
as major 1 8th of August, 1 889. At present, March,
1892, commanding marine barracks, Portsmouth, New
Hampshire.
20O
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN WILLIAM HOFFMAN, U.S.A.
Captain William Hoffman was bom in Maine Feb-
ruary [8, 1839. An a soldier, he graduated on the
battle-field in that distinguished and well-remembered
regiment, the Fifth New York Volunteer Infantry (Dur-
yea's Zouaves). lie enlisted in the New York State
service April 23, 1861, and was mustered into the United
States service as sergeant, Company G, May 9, [861.
He participated in the affair of Big Bethel, the affair at
Pamunkey Bridge, the battles of Hanover Court-] louse,
Gaines' Mill, White Oak Swamp, Charles City Cross-
Roads, and Malvern Hill.
He was appointed second lieutenant, Fifth New York-
Volunteer Infantry, July 26, [862, "for gallant and meri-
torious conduct upon the field of battle.''
He participated in the battle of Manassas Plains (sec-
ond Bull Run), where lie received three severe rifle-ball
wounds, — one through the left arm, grazing the bone;
cmc under left shoulder-blade, glancing on ribs; and one
through the fleshy portion of right thigh ; and in this same
battle his brother Edward was killed beside him (see
" Rebellion Records," Series I., Vol. II., Part II., page 504).
lie was promoted to first lieutenant, Fifth New York
Volunteer Infantry, September 24, 1862, " for gallant ser-
vices upon the field of battle.''
He rejoined his regiment in ten weeks, and before his
wounds were healed.
lie participated in the battle of Fredericksburg; was
promoted to captain, Company B, Fifth New York Vol-
unteer Infantry, January 23, 1863; participated in the
battle of Chancellorsville ; and was mustered out with
regiment, at expiration of term of service, May 14, 1863.
I le was ever at the post of duty and danger with this
1 elebrated regiment, and he still bears an enviable repu-
tation among the few survivors of the brave comrades
of those days.
As soon as he was mustered out he began recruitiner
in New York City, and raised Battery B, Thirteenth New
York Artillery, and was mustered into the Lnited States
service as its captain August 29, 1863. He served about
two years with this company in the defences of Ports-
mouth, Virginia, and participated in a successful raid
upon Murphree's Station, Virginia. He commanded the
infantry column of the expedition, numbering about three
hundred men.
He did valuable service as chief of the military police
at Norfolk", Virginia; and commanded Forts Reno and
Cushing in the defences of Portsmouth, — about one year
in each case.
About August 1, 1865, he took station at Washington,
D. C, and was placed in command of Fort De Russy.
He was mustered out with his regiment, near New
York City, August 24, 1865.
Upon his personal application alone, he was appointed
second lieutenant, Eleventh LT. S. Infantry, .May 1 1, 1866.
lie was transferred to Twenty-ninth Infantry September
21, [866, anil promoted first lieutenant June 25, 1S67;
transferred to Eleventh Infantry April 25, 1869, and pro-
moted captain April 24, 1S86.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
20 1
BRIGADIER-GENERAL SAMUEL B. HOLABIRD, U.S.A.
(retired).
Brigadier-General Samuel B. Holabird was born
in Connecticut June \(\ iSjCi, and graduated from the
Military Academy July 1, 1849. He was promoted brevet
second lieutenant First Infantry the same day, and second
lieutenant June 10, 1850. He served on frontier duty,
and was regimental quartermaster from July I, 1852, to
May 31, 1858. He was then detailed on recruiting ser-
vice for two years, when lie was ordered to the Military
Academy, and was adjutant thereof from September 2,
185^, to May 13, 1861. Me was promoted first lieutenant
May 31, 1855. On May 13, 1 861, he was appointed cap-
tain and assistant quartermaster; Jul}' 2, 1862, appointed
major and additional aide-de-camp, and Jul}- 11, 1862,
colonel and additional aide-de-camp. He was lieutenant-
colonel of volunteers and inspector-general of General
Dix's division (First Division of New York Volunteers),
May [-13, 1 86 1.
General Holabird served during the war of the Rebel-
linn as quartermaster at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, from
May 29 to June 10, [861 ; in the field, at Hagerstown,
Maryland, with Patterson's columns, to August 13, 1861 ;
at Frederick, Maryland, to March 31, 1862; chief quar-
termaster of the division commanded by Major-General
Banks to June, 1862 ; chief quartermaster Second Army
Corps, under General Pope, to October, 1862, partici-
pating in the campaign of Northern Virginia and the
subsequent Maryland campaign. He was then assigned
to duty in New York City, engaged in fitting out the
Banks Expedition, which he accompanied to Ship Island,
Mississippi, ami was then made chief quartermaster of
the Department of the Gulf, which he retained until
July, 1S65, participating in the mean time in the siege of
Port I Iudson, Louisiana. He was then made depot quar-
termaster at New Orleans, and subsequently chief quar-
termaster of the Department of Louisiana, until March,
1866. He was honorably mustered out of the volunteer
service May 31, 1866, and on the 29th of July of that
year he was appointed lieutenant-colonel and deputy
quartermaster-general, and ordered to Washington, D.C.
General Holabird was brevetted major, lieutenant-colo-
nel, and brigadier-general March 13, 1865, for " faithful
and meritorious services during the war."
He was relieved from duty in Washington in Feb-
ruary, 1867, and assigned as chief quartermaster of the
Department of Dakota, where he remained until April
1 8, 1872, and was then transferred as chief quarter-
master of the Department of Texas to August 15, 1875.
On October 31, 1875, he was chief quartermaster of the
Military Division of the Missouri, and on May 6, 1878,
became chief quartermaster of the Military Division of
the Pacific and Department of California, serving at San
Francisco to October 15, 1879, when he was ordered once
more to Washington, D. C, and placed on duty in the
quartermaster-general's office. He was promoted colo-
nel and assistant quartermaster-general January 22, 1881.
On being relieved from duty in Washington April 30,
18S2, he was placed in charge of the general depot of
the Quartermaster's Department at Philadelphia, Penn-
sylvania, which he retained until July 2, 1883, when the
President appointed him quartermaster-general, with the
rank of brigadier-general, and he was ordered to Wash-
ington, where he remained on duty until retired, by oper-
ation of law, June 16, 1890.
General Holabird was ever alert to the needs of the
army, and while occupying the position of quartermaster-
general introduced many reforms to improve the condi-
tion of the enlisted men, supplying them with comforts
and conveniences which soldiers could scarcely have
dreamed of a quarter of a century before.
26
202
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular;
COMMANDER EDWARD HOOKER, U.S.N.
(retired).
Commander Edward Hooker was born in Connec-
ticut in [822, and bred to the sea in the merchant marine,
commanding a ship when twenty-three years old. One of
the earliest volunteers for the naval service in the Civil
War, he was appointed acting master in July, i86t. His
first service was in the gun-boat " Louisiana," and, while
attached to that vessel, he was severely wounded during
a boat expedition October 5, 1861. He was the first
officer of his grade wounded during the war, and, as years
roll round, these wounds are causing him serious incon-
venience.
He took an active part in the Burnside Expedition
while in the "Louisiana." At New Berne that vessel
fired the fust and last shut of the action. Soon after
the capture of New Berne he became the executive-
officer of the "Louisiana." At the time of the Con-
federate attack upon Washington, North Carolina, in
September, 1S62, the ship was fought by Commander
Hooker, in the absence of the commanding officer,
in a manner which caused high commendation from
commanding officers of our own forces. The Con-
federate view of the matter we can give from the Raleigh
Standard, although space requires us to condense the
article. The paper speaks of the affair as "disgraceful"
to some concerned on the Confederate side. " It is said
that we lost three hundred, killed and wounded, among
them four captains. Our forces held the town about two
hours, but were forced to retire by the Yankee gun-boat
'Louisiana.' . . . Our forces engaged consisted of the
Seventeenth and Fifty-fifth North Carolina Regiments,
two artillery companies, ami six companies of cavalry,
amounting to some three thousand altogether. . . . Were
it not for the gun-boat the Union garrison would have
been captured," for the town was surprised at daybreak,
the fortifications captured, and the guns turned on the
garrison. The rapidity and accuracy of fire of the
" Louisiana" drove the Confederates off, after they were
in full possession.
for gallantry on this occasion, Commander Hooker
was made acting volunteer lieutenant, to date from the
day of the action, lie was then ordered to a command
in the blockade off Wilmington, and soon after to the
command of a division of the Potomac Flotilla, in which
command he continued until the end of the war. In
[864 he was ordered, with his division, to co-operate
with General Grant's army, and to clear the Rappahan-
nock River, so that transports could reach Fredericks-
burg. This duty he performed, and he remained at
Fredericksburg until it was evacuated by our forces.
llis ship being then in urgent need of repairs, Com-
mander Hooker was sent by Commander Foxhall
Parker, commanding the flotilla, to the Washington
Navy- Yard, being then promoted to acting volunteer
lieutenant-commander.
After the war closed he was at the New York Navy-
Yard. He then took the store-ship " Idaho" to the
Asiatic Squadron, and while there was transferred from
the volunteer to the regular navy list. Commissioned
lieutenant March, 1868, and lieutenant-commander De-
cember, 1868. He was, after this, captain of the yard at
League Island, assistant light-house inspector, and other
duties, until in February, 1884, while on duty at the Naval
Home, at Philadelphia, he was promoted to commander.
In December of that year he was placed upon the retired
list by operation of law. Since then he has resided in
Brooklyn, New York.
Commander Hooker is a lineal descendant of the
Reverend Thomas Hooker, who founded the colony of
Connecticut and the present city of Hartford, in 1636.
lie is also descended from the first mayor of the city ol
New York. Ilis grandfather was a colonel of the Revo-
lutionary War, and his grandmother was a daughter of
Major Griswold, a noted cavalry officer in the French
War. His father was a graduate of Yale, and, after a
connection with Columbia College, Smith Carolina, de-
voted his life to scientific farming and to literature, in
Connecticut.
Commander Hooker is a Companion of the Loyal
Legion, member of Rankin Post, No. 10, Grand Army,
Connecticut Society of Sons of the Revolution, the
Brooklyn New England Society, Brooklyn Library Asso-
ciation, Long Island Historical Society, and Rhode
Island Marine Society, and honorary member of other
societies; a member of Aurora Grata Club, Brooklyn,
and an active member of the Brooklyn Association of
Masonic Veterans.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
203
BRIGADIER- AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL JOSEPH
HOOKER, U.S.A. (deceased).
Brigadier- and Brevet Major-General Joseph
Hooker was born in Massachusetts and graduated from
the Military Academy July I, 1837. He was promoted
second lieutenant of the First .Artillery the same day,
and first lieutenant November 1, 1S38. He served in the
Florida War of 1837—38, and then was on the Maine
frontier at Houlton, pending disputed territory contro-
versy in 1838 ; and afterwards, during the Canada border
disturbances, at Swanton, Vermont, and Rouse's Point,
lasting until 1840. After a short tour in garrison at Fort
Columbus, he was adjutant of the Military Academy
from July 1 to October 3, 1841. He was adjutant of the
First Artillery from September 11, 1 841, to May 11,1 846.
He participated in the war with Mexico on the staff of
Brigadier-General P. F. Smith, and of Brigadier-General
liarmar, in 1846, and aide-de-camp to Major-General
Butler in 1847, and as assistant adjutant-general of
Major-General Pillow's division in 1847-48, being en-
gaged in the battle of Monterey; defence of the convoy
at the National Bridge; skirmish of La Hoya; battles
of Contreras and Churubusco, Molino del Rey, and
storming of Chapultepec, for which he was brevetted cap-
tain, major, and lieutenant-colonel. He was appointed
brevet captain of staff (assistant adjutant-general) March
3, 1847, and was assistant adjutant-general of the Sixth
Military Department from September 13 to October 2.S,
184S; and of the Pacific Division June 9, 1849, to
November 24, 1851. lie was promoted captain of the
First Artillery October 29, 1848, which he vacated. He
was on leave of absence in 1851—53, and resigned from
the army February 21, 1853.
Upon leaving the arm}- Colonel Hooker went to farm-
ing near Sonoma, California ; was superintendent of
military roads in Oregon in 1 85 8-59, and colonel of
California militia in 1859-61. At the commencement of
the war of the Rebellion lie tendered his services to the
government and was appointed brigadier-general of vol-
unteers May 17, 1 86 1. He served in the defences of
Washington City, and in guarding the Lower Potomac
to March io, 1862, when he commanded a division in
the Peninsula campaign with the Army of the Potomac.
He was appointed major-general of volunteers May 5,
1862, and was engaged in the siege of Yorktown ; bat-
tles of Williamsburg and Fair Oaks; combat on the
Williamsburg Road ; battles of Glendale, Malvern Hill,
and reoccupation and action of the same place August
5, 1862. He commanded a division in the Northern
Virginia campaign, and was engaged in the action of
Bristoe Station ; battles of second Bull Run and Chan-
tilly. He commanded the First Army Corps in the
Maryland campaign, and was engaged in the battles of
South Mountain and Antietam, where he was severely
wounded, and was, in consequence, on sick-leave to
November 10, 1862, when he rejoined the army, and was
in command of the Fifth Corps to November 16; of the
Centre Grand Division (Third and Fifth Corps) to Janu-
ary 26, 1863, and then of the Army of the Potomac,
being engaged in the battle of Fredericksburg, action at
Kelly's Ford, and battle of Chancellorsville ; and then in
pursuit of the enemy to Pennsylvania, to June 28, 1863,
when he relinquished command of the army, which had
been engaged in the action of Brandy Station and skir-
mishes at Aldie, Middleburg, and Upperville.
General Hooker received the thanks of Congress,
January 28, 1864, " for the skill, energy, and endurance
which first covered Washington and Baltimore from the
meditated blow of the advancing and powerful army of
rebels led by General Robert E. Lee," and was appointed
brigadier-general U. S. Army September 20, 1862.
From June 28 to September 24, 1863, General Hooker
was on waiting orders at Baltimore, Maryland, and was
then assigned to command the Eleventh and Twelfth
Army Corps (consolidated afterwards into the Twentieth
Corps), and participated in the operations of the Western
army, being engaged in all the actions of that army from
Chattanooga to the siege of Atlanta, in July, 1S64. He-
was then placed on waiting-orders until the following
September, when he was assigned to the command of the
Northern Department. He was brevetted major-general
U. S. Army, for " gallant and meritorious services at the
battle of Chattanooga, Tennessee."
General Hooker was assigned to the command of the
Department of the East July 8, 1865, and was then given
the Department of the Lakes, where, after being mus-
tered out of the volunteer service September 1, 1866, he
remained to 1867, and he was retired upon the full rank
of major-general U. S. Army October 15, 1868. He died
at Garden City, Long Island, October 31, 1879.
204
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
MEDICAL DIRECTOR PHINEAS J. HoRWITZ. U.S.N.
(retired).
Medical Director Phineas J. Horwitz was born in
Maryland in March, 1S2J, and graduated in medicine at
the University of Maryland in March, [845. Appointed
assistant surgeon in the navy November, 1S47, and as-
signed to duty in the Gulf Squadron, then operating against
Mexico. Dr. Horwitz was at once placet! in charge of
the Naval Hospital at Tabasco, and remained there until
the close of the war. This duty was performed so ener-
getically and efficiently as to receive the personal com-
mendation and thanks of the commander-in-chief, Com-
modore M. C. Perry. Dr. Horwitz then made a cruise
in the Mediterranean in the "Constitution," and was then
ordered to the .store-ship " Relief," bound to the Brazil
Station. In January, 1853, he was examined and passed
for promotion, and was then assigned to the steamer
" Princeton," in which he served for two years. lie next
served in the store-ship " Supply," on the African and
Brazil Stations. Upon his return to the United States,
in 1859, he was offered the position of assistant to the
Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Navy Department,
which office he held until he was appointed* chief of the
Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Jul)' 1, 1865. This
position he retained until his term of service expired,
Jul}- 1, 1S69. Dr. Horwitz was promoted to surgeon on
April 19, 1861, but his services in the bureau were con-
sidered so important that he was not permitted to vacate
his appointment as assistant, and Congress, in acknowl-
edgment of the immense amount of work he was per-
forming, voted to give him the highest shore-pay of his
grade. During the entire period of the war of the Re-
bellion the labor of the bureau fell almost wholly upon
Dr. Horwitz, and his was the only bureau in which the
clerical force was not increased. The whole system of
tabulating the casualties of the war, of indexing books
of reference, reports of survey, certificates of disability
and of diseases, was designed and carried forward by
Dr. Horwitz, so that there was probably no case of injury,
disease, or disability that occurred during his connection
with the bureau that will not be found in its appropriate
place in the surgeon-general's office. The immense num-
ber of pension cases accruing during the war were all ex-
amined, adjusted, and prepared by him, and every official
letter that left the bureau was written by him. All this
was done without the aid of a single additional writer.'or
clerk. On leaving the bureau, in 1869, Dr. Horwitz was
placed in charge of the Naval Hospital at Philadelphia,
and since that time has been assigned to various duties
at that station. He was promoted to the grade of medi-
cal inspector March 3, 1871, and to that of medical direc-
tor December 19, 1873. Was president of the Examining
Board at Philadelphia, [883-84. Retired in 1884.
* Surgeon-general with the tank of commodore.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
205
MAJOR-GENERAL OLIVER 0. HOWARD, U.S.A.
Major-Genera l Oliver O. Howard was born in
Maine November 8, 1830, and graduated at the Military
Academy Jul)- 1, 1S54. He was appointed a brevet
second lieutenant of ordnance the same da}-, and second
lieutenant February 15, 1S55. He served at various
arsenals until 1856, and was ordered to Florida, where he
participated in hostilities against the Seminole Indians
in 1S57. He was then detailed for duty at the Military
Academy, as assistant professor of mathematics, Septem-
ber 21, 1857, having been promoted first lieutenant July
1, 1857. He resigned his commission in the army June
7, 1 861.
General Howard was appointed colonel of the Third
Maine Volunteers June 4, [861, and served in the de-
fences of Washington, and commanded a brigade in the
Manassas campaign, being engaged in the first battle of
Bull Run, July 21, [861. He was appointed a brigadier-
general of volunteers September 3, 1861, and made a re-
connoissance in the early spring of 1862 from Washing-
ton to the Rappahannock River. He participated in the
Peninsula campaign with the Army of the Potomac, and
was engaged at the siege of York town and battle of Fair
( )aks, June i, 1862, where lie was twice severely wounded,
losing his right arm. He was compelled to leave the field,
and when convalescent devoted himself to raising volun-
teers. Returning to the field about August 27, 1862, he
was engaged in a skirmish near Centreville September
1, following. He participated in the Maryland campaign,
and was engaged in the battle of Antietam, Maryland,
and in the subsequent march to Falmouth and battle of
Fredericksburg, Virginia.
General Howard was appointed major-general of vol-
unteers November 29, 1862, and served, in command of
the Eleventh Army Corps, from April 1, 1863, and was
engaged in the battles of Chancellorsville, Virginia, and
Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, and in pursuit of the enemy
to Warrenton, Virginia ; then guarding the Orange and
Alexandria Railroad until September, 1863. His corps
was then put en route to Bridgeport, Tennessee, and took
part in the operations about Chattanooga, being engaged
in the action of Lookout Valley, battle of Missionary
Ridge, and expedition for the relief of Knoxville, to
December 17, 1863. He was then in occupation of
Chattanooga to May 3, 1864, and was assigned to the
command of the Fourth Corps April 10, 1864, when the
Eleventh and Twelfth Corps were consolidated to form
the Twentieth. He commanded the Fourth Corps until
July 27, 1864, when he was assigned to the command of
the Army of the Tennessee in the invasion of Georgia.
He was engaged in the operations around Dalton, battle
of Resaca, actions of Adairsville and Cassville, battle
of Dallas, action of Pickett's Mill (May 27, 1864, where
he was wounded), battles and skirmishes about Pine and
Kenesaw Mountains, actions of Smyrna Camp-Ground,
combat of Peach-Tree Creek, siege of Atlanta, combat
of Ezra Church, battle of Jonesborough, surrender of
Atlanta ami occupation of the place.
lie pursued the rebels under General Hood into
Alabama, with frequent engagements. He participated
in the " march to the sea," and was engaged in numerous
actions and skirmishes, including the combats and actions
of General Sherman's army to the surrender of General
Johnston, April 26, 1S65.
Genera] Howard was appointed a brigadier-general in
the U.S. Army December 21, 1864, and was brevctted
major-general, U.S.A., March 13, 1865, for " gallant and
meritorious services at the battle of Ezra Church ami
during the campaign against Atlanta, Georgia."
At the conclusion of the war General Howard was
appointed commissioner of the Bureau of Refugees,
Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, at Washington, D.C.,
May 12, 1865.
He commanded the Department of the Columbia from
Jul)-, 1S74, to 18S0, and was superintendent of the Mili-
tary Academy from June 21, 18S1 , to September 1, 1882,
when he was ordered to the command of the Depart-
ment of the Platte. He was appointed a major-general
in the U. S. Army March 19, 1886, and assigned to the
command of the Military Division of the Pacific, from
which he was relieved, in 1S88, and assigned to the
Military Division of the Atlantic. Divisions having
been discontinued, he now commands the Department
of the East.
General Howard had the degree of A.M. conferred
by Bowdoin College, Maine, in 1853 ; the degree of
LL.D. conferred by Waterville College, Maine, in
1865; the same by Shurtleff College, Illinois, in 1865;
and by Gettysburg Theological Seminary, Pennsylvania,
in 1866.
206
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY A. YD NAVY regular)
CAPTAIN HHNRY L. HOWE, U.S.A.
Captain Henry L. Howe (Seventeenth Infantry) was
born in Massachusetts January 2, 185 1. ' Prior to enter-
ing the volunteer service he was sergeant of Captain
George C. Whitcomb's Company of State Militia of
Minnesota, and participated in operations against Little
Crow's band of hostile Sioux Indians from August 25 to
I October 17, 1862, participating in three engagements
with said Indians.
He entered the volunteer service during the war of the
Rebellion, and was private ami first sergeant of Com-
pany B, Independent Battalion of Minnesota Cavalry,
from July 1, 1863, to June 29, 1864, when he was ap-
pointed second lieutenant of the same battalion, and
promoted first lieutenant July 6, [865.
He was honorably mustered out of the volunteer ser-
vice May 30, 1866, having been appointed second lieu-
tenant in the Seventeenth U. S. Infantry I-'ebruary 23,
1 866.
He joined his regiment at Hart's Island, New York,
anil has served with it at various stations in the several
military departments.
He was promoted first lieutenant July 28, 1 866, and
captain June I, 1S75.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
207
RF.AR-ADMIRAL JOHN C. HOWELL, U.S.N, (retired).
Rear-Admiral John C. Howell was born in Penn-
sylvania November 24, 1S19, coming of people who
had always been distinguished in the colonial and war-
like history of the States of New Jersey and Pennsyl-
vania. He was appointed a midshipman from Penn-
sylvania on June 9, 1 836, and made a cruise in the
West Indies in the sloop-of-war " Levant," which ex-
tended to nearly four years. He was promoted to
passed midshipman Jul)' I, 1842, and served on board
the frigate "Congress" in the Mediterranean for two
years. He then went to the East Indies in the brig
" Perry," served in her from 1X44 to 1845, and then was
naval storekeeper at Macao, — the most charming place
in (he East at that period, — from 1845 to 1848. He
became a lieutenant in August, 1849, and made cruises
in the frigate " Raritan," of the Home Squadron, and
sloop "Saratoga," of the East India Squadron, return-
ing home in 1854. After two years' service at the
Philadelphia station he next made a cruise in the Med-
iterranean in the fine steamer " Susquehanna," and again
came back to duty in Philadelphia. When the Civil
War began, Lieutenant Howell was ordered to the
" Minnesota" steam-frigate, and served in her at the
battle of Hatteras Inlet.
He was commissioned as commander in the navy
July 16, 1862, and commanded the steamer " Tahoma,"
of the East Gulf Blockading Squadron, in 1862-63. He
was then transferred to the command of the " Nereus,"
of the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron, and in her
was in the two actions at Fort Fisher in December, 1864,
and January, 1865.
He was commissioned as captain July 25, 1866, and
was in charge of recruiting duty at Philadelphia for
two years. He next served as fleet-captain and chief
of staff of the European Squadron from 186910 1871.
Commanded the League Island Station in 1871-72.
Commissioned as commodore January 29, 1872, and
commanded the Portsmouth Navy- Yard until 1875, when
he was made chief of the Bureau of Yards and Docks,
in the Navy Department, for the term of four years, —
this being an office subject to the approval of the U. S.
Senate.
He was commissioned as rear-admiral in 1877, and
was in command of the European Station for two years.
He was retired in 18S1, under the operation of law.
208
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN RICHARD L. HOXIE, U.S.A.
Captain Richard L. Hoxie (Corps of Engineers) was
born in New York City August 7, 1S44, in the eighth
generation from Lodovic Hanksie, who settled at Sand-
wich, Massachusetts, in [650, and is the great-grandson
of Lieutenant Pelig Hoxsie, of the First Rhode Island
(Lippitt's) Regiment of the Revolutionary army. His
earl}- education was obtained in the public and private
schools at New York and Pennsylvania, and in Europe,
and at the outbreak of the Civil War he was a student in
the State University of Iowa, at Iowa City. Here he
enlisted in Company F, First Regiment Iowa Volunteer
Cavalry, June 13, 1 861, and marched to regimental ren-
dezvous at Burlington, Iowa, \\ here the regiment was soon
after mustered into the service of the United States. Upi >n
this occasion he was rejected by the mustering officer
because oi the fact that he was only sixteen years of age,
but, continuing to serve with the company, he was mus-
tered in a few months later. He served continuously
with this regiment, which took the field in October, 1861,
in Missouri and Arkansas, up to the taking of Little
Rock, and the subsequent expedition to Camderi in 1S64.
At this time the period of service of the regiment was
about to expire. He was the first soldier to re-enlist in
the regiment as a veteran volunteer, in January, 1S64, and
was followed by about six hundred more, — a very large
proportion of the effecth e strength. I le received honor-
able mention in official correspondence for conduct in
action, and three separate tenders of a commission, — the
latter declined, — and finally an appointment to the Mili-
tary Academy at West Point from the veteran volun-
teers, to accept which he was mustered out of the
volunteer service June io, 1S64. 1 le was graduated from
the Military Academy June 13, [868, and promoted
second lieutenant of Engineers June 15, 1868; served
with the Engineer Battalion at Jefferson Barracks, Mis-
souri, from October I, 1868, to September 5, 1.H70, under
General H. W. Benham ; in charge of construction and
repair of fortifications in Boston harbor, Massachusetts,
from September 5, 1S70, to July 3, 1872 ; promoted to
first lieutenant September 22, 1S70; on explorations and
surveys in the Western Territories from July ^, 1872, to
July 2, 1S74; nominated by President Grant as member
of the Board of Public Works of the District of Colum-
bia, under the Territorial government, in 1S74, and nomi-
nation confirmed by the Senate; detailed as engineer to
the Board of Commissioners of the District of Columbia
under the act of June 20, 1874, and continuously engaged
upon the public works of the district until August 14,
1SN4 ; promoted to the rank of captain, Corps of Engi-
neers, June 15, 18S2; in charge of various works of
river and harbor improvement and coast defences in the
States ot Georgia, Florida, and Alabama, from August iC,
1SS4, to January 17, 1SS9; member of Engineer Board
on Selma Bridge in 1885 ; since January 17, 1889, has
been in command of Company B, U. S. Engineer Bat-
talion, stationed at Willet's Point, New York harbor, and
instructor in military engineering and in field astronomy
at the post-graduate U. S. Engineer School, at Willet's
Point.
Captain Iloxic is a member of the American Society
of Civil Engineers, of the Military Order of the Loyal
Legion, U. S., and of theOrder of Sons of the American
Revolution.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
209
BRIGADIER- AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL ANDREW
A. HUMPHREYS (deceased).
Brigadier- and Brevet Major-General Andrew A.
Humphreys was born in Pennsylvania, and graduated
from the Military Academy July I, [831, and was as-
signed as brevet second lieutenant Second Artillery, and
promoted second lieutenant the same date.
lie was on duty at Fort Moultrie, South Carolina,
in 1 83 1, and on special duty, making drawings at the
Military Academy, from January 5 to April 18, 1832 ; in
the Cherokee Nation 1832-33, and in garrison at Au-
gusta Arsenal, Georgia, 1833; at Fort Marion, Florida,
1833-34, and on topographical duty August 12, 1834, to
December, 1835, making surveys in West Florida and at
Cape Cod, Massachusetts. He participated in the Florida
War against the Seminole Indians in 1836, being engaged
in the actions of Oloklikaha and Micanopy.
lie was promoted first lieutenant Second Artillery
August 16, 1836, and resigned the service September
30, 1836. After resigning from the army he was en-
gaged as civil engineer, assisting Major Bache in the
plans ofBrandywine Shoal Light-house and Crow Shoal
Breakwater, Delaware Bay, 1836-38.
On July 2, 1838, he was reappointed in the army as
first lieutenant Corps of Topographical Engineers.
He served at Washington as assistant in the Topo-
graphical Bureau in 1840-41, and in Coast Survey Office,
1844-49.
He was promoted captain Corps of Engineers May 31,
1S48, and in 1850 was detailed to make a topographic
and hydrographic survey of the delta of the Mississippi
River, with a view to its protection from inundation, and
deepening the channels at its mouth. He continued on
this detail, having general charge, till iS6[. While en-
gaged on this duty he visited Europe, examining means
for protecting delta rivers from inundations, [853-54, and
upon return he was placed in general charge, under the
War Department, of the office duties at Washington,
D. C, connected with explorations and surveys for rail-
roads from the Mississippi River to Pacific Ocean, and
geographical explorations west of Mississippi, 1854-61.
During the war of the Rebellion, 1861-65, he served
on the staff of Major-General McClellan, general-in-chief,
at Washington, D. C, from December 1, 1S61, to March
5, 1862, and in the Virginia Peninsula campaign as chief
topographical engineer of the Army of the Potomac from
March 5 to August 31, 1862, being engaged in the siege
of Yorktown, April 5 to May 4, 1862.
He was promoted major Corps of Engineers August
6, 1862, and colonel, staff additional aide-de-camp, March
5, 1862, and April 28, 1862, brigadier-general U. S. Vol-
unteers.
He served with distinction in the movements and oper-
ations against Richmond, Virginia, and on the James
27
River, May and June, 1862; in the Maryland and Rap-
pahannock campaigns, lie was brevetted colonel De-
cember 13, 1862, for gallant and meritorious services
at the battle of Fredericksburg, Virginia, and promoted
lieutenant-colonel Corps of Engineers March 3, 1863.
He participated in the Pennsylvania campaign, being
engaged in the battle of Gettysburg, as chief of staff of
General Meade, commanding the Army of the Potomac,
from July 8, 1863, to November 25, 1S64. On July 8,
1863, he was promoted major-general U. S. Volunteers.
He participated in the movements and operations dur-
ing 1864-65 in Virginia, serving with distinction in the
various battles, actions, and sieges, and in the pursuit of
General Lee's rebel army (including the several actions
of the Second Corps, April 6, 1865, terminating at
Sailor's Creek, and actions at High Bridge and Farm-
ville, April 7, 1865), till its surrender April 9, 1865.
He was brevetted brigadier-general U. S. Army March
1 5, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services at the bat-
tle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, and major-general U. S.
Army March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious ser-
vices at the battle of Sailor's Creek, Virginia. He was
mustered out of the volunteer service May 31, 1866.
He was appointed brigadier-general and chief of en-
gineers of the U. S. Arm>- August 8, 1866, and was in
command of the Corps of Engineers and in charge of the
Engineer Bureau, August 8, 1866, until retired from active
service June 3, 1879. He died December 27, 1 883.
He was a member of the American Philosophical
Society, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, [857, and American
Academy of Arts and Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts,
1863. He was the corporator of the National Academy
of Sciences since March 3, 1863; an honorary member
of the Imperial Royal Geological Institute of Vienna,
Austria, 1862, and of the Royal Institute of Science and
Art of Lombardy, Milan, Italy, 1864.
2IO
OFFICERS OF THE .IRMY AND NAVY [kegulak)
COLONEL AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL HENRY
J. HUNT. U.S.A. (deceased).
Colonel and Brevet Major-General Hexk\ J,
Hunt was born in Michigan, and graduated from the
Military Academy July i, 1839. He was promoted the
same day to second lieutenant Second Artillery, and
. rved on the Northern frontier during the Canada bor-
der disturbances. Afterwards he was stationed at posts
on the Lakes, and was promoted first lieutenant June
IS, 1846.
lie participated in the war with Mexico, and was
engaged in the siege of Vera Cruz, battle of Cerro
Gordo, capture of San Antonio, battle of Churubusco,
battle el" Molino del Rey (where he was twice wounded),
storming of Chapultepec, and assault and capture of the
City of Mexico September 13, 14, 1 S47.
For this service Lieutenant Hunt was brevetted cap-
tain August 20, 184;, "for gallant and meritorious con-
duct in the battles of Contreras and Churubusco, Mexico;"
and maj.»r September 13. 1S47, "for gallant and merito-
rious conduct in the battle of Chapultepec, Mexico."
After the close of the Mexican War, Lieutenant Hunt
was stationed at Fort McIIenry, Fort Monroe, and Fori
Moultrie, and was promoted captain Second Artillery
September 28, 1852. Then he was ordered on frontier
duty at boit Smith, Arkansas, and Fort Washington,
Indian Territory, until detailed as member of a board to
revise the system of light-artillery tactics, which was
adopted lor the army March 6, i860. He was at Fort
Kearney, Nebraska, in 1858; Fort Brown, Texas, in
i860, and Harper's berry, Virginia, t86i. lie was pro-
moted major filth Artillery May 14, [861, and partici-
pated in the defence of fort Pickens, to June 28, and in
the Manassas campaign of Virginia, being engaged in
the battle of first Bull Run, July 21, 1 86 1, when he was
in command of the artillery on the extreme left.
Major Hunt was chief of artillery in the defences of
Washington, south of the Potomac, until appointed colo-
nel of staff, — additional aide-de-camp, September 28,
1861, and participated in the Peninsula campaign of the
Army of the Potomac to August, 1862, in command of
the Reserve Artillery, and was engaged in the siege of
Yorktown, battle of Gaines' Mill, action of Garnett's
Farm, action of Turkey Bend, battle of Malvern Hill,
and various skirmishes.
Colonel Hunt was chief of artillery in the Maryland
campaign, and was engaged in the battles of South
Mountain and Antietam, and the subsequent march to
Falmouth, terminating with the battle of Fredericksburg.
He was in the mean time appointed brigadier-general of
volunteers September 15, 1862.
As chief of artillery, General Hunt served in all the
remaining campaigns of the Army of the Potomac to
the end of the war, and was engaged in the battles of
Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Mine Run, Wilderness,
Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, siege of Petersburg, from
June 15, 1864, to April 3, 1863, including the assaults on
the enemy's works, combat at Fort Steadman, anil pur-
suit of the enemy after the assault of April 2, 1865. until
the capitulation of General Lee, at Appomattox Court-
House, Virginia, April 9, 1S65.
He was promoted lieutenant-colonel of the Third
Artillery August 1, 1SO3, and was brevetted colonel,
brigadier-general, and major-general for gallant and meri-
torious sen ices in action. He was also brevetted major-
general of volunteers Jul}- 0, 1864, for "gallantry and
distinguished conduct at the battle of Gettysburg, and
for faithful and highly meritorious services in the cam-
paign from the Rapid. in to Petersburg, Virginia."
At the cli ise 1 if the w ar ( ieneral I i unt was in command
of a camp of instruction for field artillery, near Bladens-
burg, Maryland, from June to August, 1S65, and of the
frontier district of Arkansas, at Fort Smith, from Sep-
tember, 1865, to April, 1 866, when he was mustered out
of the volunteer service. He then reverted to his rank
of lieutenant-colonel Third Artillery, and was member of
aboard for the armament of fortifications, and in com-
mand of various posts, and was promoted colonel Fifth
Artillery April 4, 1869. For a long time he was one of
the prominent candidates for brigadier-general in the
regular army; but the fates were against him, ami he-
was retired forage September 14. 1883. He died while
in command of the Soldiers' Home at Washington,
I >. C, February 1 1 , 1 SS9.
WHO SERVED TN THE CIVIL WAR.
211
CAPTAIN JAMES M. INGALLS, U.S.A.
Captain James M. Ingalls (First Artillery) was born
in the town of Sutton, Vermont, January 25, 1X37. In
his early youth his parents moved to Massachusetts,
where he began his education in the public schools.
After reaching manhood he went to the then West, and
for four years was professor of mathematics in Evans-
ville Seminary, Wisconsin. At the beginning of 1S64
he enlisted in Company A, First Battalion, Sixteenth
Regular Infantry, then stationed at Columbus, Kentucky,
as head-quarters guard, having been promised by the
captain of the company as rapid advancement to a com-
mission as possible. In the latter part of January, 1864,
Company A was ordered to join the remainder of the
regiment at Chattanooga, Tennessee, in readiness for the
opening of the Atlanta campaign. He was promoted to
second lieutenant of his regiment May 3, 1865, and served
with his company at various places in Tennessee, Georgia,
and Alabama. He was promoted first lieutenant May 3,
1S65, and upon the consolidation of regiments was trans-
ferred to the Second Infantry April 17, 1869, having per-
formed the duties of quartermaster of the First Battalion
of the Sixteenth Infantry from June 4, 1865, to Septem-
ber 21, 1866. During his tour of duty in the Southern
States he was engaged in the extremely disagreeable ser-
vice connected with reconstruction until January 1, 1871,
when he was transferred to the First Artillery, his present
regiment. lie was assigned to Battery A (Sih«ey's), sta-
tioned at Fort Ontario, Oswego, New York, but was
transferred to Battery G (Elder's) for a tour of duty at the
Artillery School, Fort Monroe, May I, I 87 1.
He was transferred, May 1, 1872, to Battery M (Lang-
don's), at Plattsburg Barracks, and followed its fortunes
(including three yellow-fever epidemics at Forts Jefferson
and Barrancas) until July 1, 1880, when he was promoted
to a captaincy, and assigned to the command of Battery
A, stationed at Governor's Island, New York harbor.
In September, 1 88 1 , his battery was selected by General
Hancock to guard the Franklyn Cottage at Elberon, New
Jersey, while it was occupied by President Garfield.
At the request of General Getty, commanding the
Artillery School, Captain Ingalls was transferred to Bat-
tery G of his regiment, stationed at Fort Monroe, upon
the promotion of Captain Elder, who had for many years
been an instructor at the school. In December, 1882, at
the suggestion of Captain Ingalls, the Department of
Ballistics was created at the Artillery School and placed
in his charge, with the understanding that he should
prepare a suitable text-book for the use of the school,
which should embrace all the best modern methods
employed in Europe. This work, printed at the Artillery
School, was ready for use in September, 1883, and was
the first treatise on Exterior Ballistics ever published in
the United States. A second edition was published by
the Artillery School in January, 1885, and a third edition
from the press of D. Van Nostrand appeared in 1 886.
Other professional works prepared by Captain Ingalls
are : " Ballistic Machines," from the Artillery School
press, 1885 ; " Hand-book of Problems in Exterior
Ballistics," Artillery School, 1889; and a second edition
by John Wiley & Sons, 1890; "Ballistic Tables for
Direct, Curved, and High-Angle Fire," John Wiley &
Sons, 1891 ; " Interior Ballistics," Artillery School press,
1 891.
In addition to his ballistic work, Captain Ingalls was
senior instructor of practical artillery exercises to the
class of 1884; senior instructor of engineering to the
class of 1 888; senior instructor of electricity and defen-
sive torpedoes to the classes of 1884, 1886, 1888, and
1890; senior instructor of telegraph}- to the classes of
1S84, 1 886, and 1888 ; and senior instructor of signalling
from 8th May, 1884, to 7th September, 1888.
212
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
BRIGADIER- AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL RUFUS
INGALLS, U.S.A. (retired).
Brigadier- and Brevet Major-General Rufus lx-
gaj ls was born in the State of Maine, and entered the
Military Academy July 1, [839. He was promoted
brevet second lieutenant Rifles July 1, 1843, and served
on frontier duty at Forts Jesup, Louisiana, and Leaven-
worth, Kansas, till the war with Mexico, [846-47, in
which he participated, being engaged in the skirmish of
Embudo, January 29, 1847, and the assault of Pueblo de
Taos, February 4, 1847. ' )n March 17, [845, he was
promoted second lieutenant First Dragoons, and on Feb-
ruary 4, 1847, brevetted first lieutenant, for gallant and
meritorious conduct in the conflicts .it Kmbudo and Taos.
After completing a tour of recruiting service, 1847-48,
he accompanied the troops on the voyage to California,
via Cape Horn, in [848, and was on duty as quarter-
master, .md served at various posts in California till 1853,
when he returned to Washington. He served with the
Colonel Steptoe Expedition across the continent via
Leavenworth, Kansas, and Salt Lake, Utah, to San
Francisco, California, 1854-55 ; and at various posts till .
[86l, being on the commission to examine the war-debt
of Oregon and Washington Territory, 1857—58, he having
been, in the mean time, promoted first lieutenant, Febru-
ary [6, 1 S47 ; and captain (on staff, assistant quarter-
master) January \2, (848.
During the war of the Rebellion he served at Fort
Pickens, Florida, from April 20 to July 15, 186] ; and as
chief quartermaster of the forces occupying the defences
of Washington, D. C, south of the Potomac; and at
Annapolis, Maryland, and Alexandria, Virginia, receiving
transports and superintending the embarkation of the
Army of the Potomac to the Virginia Peninsula cam-
paign, March 1 to April 2, 1862.
( )n September 28, 1861, he was promoted lieutenant-
colonel of staff, additional aide-de-camp, and major of
staff, quartermaster, January 12, icS62, for fourteen years'
continuous service as captain.
Dining the year [862 General Ingalls had charge of
the depots of Port Monroe, Cheeseman's Creek, York-
town, and White House, Virginia; and transferred stores
to Harrison's Landing via York and James Rivers, after
General McClellan's " change of base." He was then
appointed chief quartermaster of the Army of the Poto-
mac, and served in this capacity until the close of the
war, being present at the battles of South Mountain,
Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg,
and in pursuit of the enemy to Warrenton, Virginia. He
participated in the Mine Run operations, organized sup-
pi)' depots on the Orange and Alexandria Railroad, and
participated in the campaigns of 1864-65, being present
at the battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold
Harbor, and siege of Petersburg and Richmond, and
established the great army depot at City Point, Virginia.
He was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers May
2T,, 1863, and at the close of the war was brevetted
lieutenant-colonel, col'onel, and brigadier-general U. S.
Army, for meritorious and distinguished services, and
major-general of volunteers and U. S. Army, for faithful
and meritorious services.
He was promoted lieutenant-colonel and deputy-quar-
termaster-general Jul}' 28, 1866; colonel and assistant
quartermaster-general July 29, 1866.
While chief quartermaster of the Army of the Potomac,
General Ingalls displayed great executive ability in sup-
plying that vast arm)- with stores always at the proper
time and in the proper place.
Upon the disbandment of that army the general re-
mained on duty at Washington City to May 4, 1866,
when he was ordered on special inspection duty across
the continent to Oregon, which occupied him until the
following December. He was then on waiting orders to
March 31, 1867, when he was detailed as chief quarter-
master at New York City. He served there and at
other stations until he was appointed brigadier-general
and quartermaster-general February
1SS2, which
position he continued to fill until retired from active
service, at his own request, July I, 1883.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
213
MAJOR JAMES JACKSON. U.S.A.
Major James Jackson (Second Cavalry) was born
near Deckertown, in Sussex Count}-, New Jersey, No-
vember 21, 1833. After graduating from the Philadel-
phia High School, he moved to the West, and was li\ ing
in Iowa when the war 1 if the Rebellion broke out. In
the fall of 1 861 he recruited men for the Twelfth Regi-
ment of Iowa Volunteers, under a recruiting commission
from Colonel William B. Allison. But in November,
1861, he enlisted in the Twelfth U. S. Infantry, under
Captain Newbury, of that regiment, and was placed on
recruiting duty for the regular army.
In August, 1862, he went " to the field," in Virginia,
a sergeant of Company C, Second Battalion, Twelfth
Infantry, and was engaged in the battles of Antietam
and Fredericksburg. In April, 1863, he was com-
missioned in the regular service as a lieutenant in the
Twelfth Infantry, and as such took part in the battles of
Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Mine Run, the Wilderness,
Spottsylvania, Bethesda Church, Cold Harbor, Peters-
burg, Weldon Railroad, Peeble's Farm, and Hatcher's
Run, receiving the brevets of captain ami major for
" gallant services in battle."
In November, 1864, the Twelfth Infantry was sent
from the field to Elmira, New York, to recruit and guard
Confederate prisoners. While engaged in the latter duty
Lieutenant Jackson was detailed on regimental recruiting
service, and on expiration of this tour he joined the
regiment at Russell Barracks, in Washington, D. C,
being assigned to the Third Battalion of that regiment,
now become the Thirtieth Infantry.
He accompanied the regiment to Nebraska in January,
1867, and was on duty at various places in the Depart-
ment of the Platte, protecting the builders of the Union
Pacific Railway from hostile Indians, until the consoli-
dation of the infantry regiments in 1S69, when, becom-
ing an unassigned captain, the department commander,
General C. C. Augur, placed him on duty as post quar-
termaster at Fort Steele, to complete the construction
of that post.
In January, 1871, Captain Jackson was transferred to
the First Cavalry, and joined his troop, B, at Camp
Warner, in Oregon, changing station, soon after, to Fort
Klamath, ( )regon, and taking command of the post. In
November, 1872, he was sent with a portion of his troop
to place Captain Jack's band of Modoc Indians on their
reservation, and in endeavoring to carry out these orders
had a fight with them on Lost River, in Oregon, which
commenced the " Modoc War." He was engaged in all
subsequent operations against these Indians until their
surrender, and was recommended for the brevet of lieuten-
ant-colonel by General Jeff. C. Davis, commanding the
tii h ips in the field.
During the Nez Perce war he was directed to join
General Howard, with his troop, in Idaho. His timely
arrival on the Clearwater, at Cottonwood Canon, with
reinforcements for the troops engaged in fighting Joseph's
band of Xez Perces, broke the resistance of these Indians,
and caused the defeat and evacuation of their fortified
position. He joined in the pursuit of these Indians as
far as the Judith Basin, in Montana, from which point
the cavalry troops were directed to return to their
stations. Captain Jackson was recommended by General
1 low aid for a brevet for his services at Clearwater and
during the campaign.
He was promoted major oi tin; Second Cavalry De-
cember 28, [889, and is at present on duty at Fort Win-
gate, New Mexico.
Major Jackson's great-grandfather, Colonel Benjamin
Loxley, of Philadelphia, org, mixed ami was captain of
the " Philadelphia Light-Horse," the first cavalry troop
raised in Pennsylvania during the Revolutionary War,
Colonel Loxley also raised and commanded " the First
Artillery Company" of Philadelphia, which did such
effective work during the war for independence, and was
a volunteer aide on General Washington's staff at Valley-
Forge, and at other times until independence was achieved.
He was also a lieutenant in the Pennsylvania division of
Braddoek's arm)', and assisted in bringing off the British
troops after General Braddoek's defeat.
214
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY regular)
MEDICAL DIRECTOR SAMUEL JACKSON, U.S.N.
(retired).
Medical Direi tor Samuel Jackson was born in
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. A graduate of the Uni-
versity of that State, he was appointed assistant surgeon
in the navy, from North Carolina, in June, [838. In
January, [839, he received orders for sea-duty, on board
the United States frigate " Constitution," which vessel
went, as flag-ship of the Pacific Squadron, for a term of
three years. In those days the cruising was mostly in
the South Pacific, California being seldom visited by any
ships, except those which went there lor trade, and t<>
collect hide--, the real currency of the country, in return.
Returning to the East from this cruise, Dr. [ackson was,
after a short leave of absence, ordered to the " Mi^iV
sippi," the first steam-frigate of the United States navy.
In that vessel he served during 1S41 and a part of 1S42.
lie was then ordered to the frigate "Congress," of the
Mediterranean Squadron. He was afterwards detached
upon the station, and served, in succession, in the
" Preble," " Fairfield," and frigate " Cumberland," during
the years 1 S43 to 1S45.
Tlie year 1846 found him on duty at the navy-yard at
Philadelphia ; but, the Mexican War impending, he was
ordered to the razee "Independence," flag-ship of the
Pacific Squadron, and served on board that ship until
the conclusion of the peace, 1X46-49.
In 1849-50 he was at the Philadelphia Navy- Yard,
and then went to the receiving-ship " Franklin," at
Boston, and thence to sea-service again in the "John
Adams," and the " Decatur," of the Home Squadron.
He was commissioned as surgeon in September, 1852.
During 1854—55 he was surgeon of the rendezvous al
New York. He then made a long cruise on the coast of
Africa, in the sloop-of-war "St. Louis," and on his re-
turn was stationed at the navy-yard at New York from
1858 to [86l.
During the early part of the Civil War he served in
the frigates " Wabash" and " Cumberland," and partici-
pated in the bombardment and capture of the Confeder-
ate forts at Hatteras Inlet. Soon after he was ordered to
the " Brooklyn," of the West Gulf Blockading Squadron,
and served in her for nearly two years, on the blockade
of Mobile and the passes, and then, under Farragut,
made the passage of the Mississippi forts, the Chalmette
batteries, and the other operations subsequent to the
capture of that city. He was also present at the first
series of operations against Yicksburg.
In 186^-64 he was the medical officer of the Naval
Academy, and then went to the Boston Navy- Yard,
during 1865-66.
In the three succeeding years he was fleet-surgeon of
the North and South Pacific Squadrons. Upon his return
he was, for about a year, at the Naval Hospital at Phila-
delphia, and then went to the Naval Hospital at New
York, where he was on duty from 1.S79 to 1882.
He was commissioned as medical director in March,
1 87 1.
From 1S7 } to 1S75 he was in charge of theNaval Hos-
pital at Norfolk, Virginia, and was thence transferred to
the charge of the Naval Hospital at Chelsea, Massa-
chusetts.
He was retired, by operation of law, April, 1S79.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
215
RF.AR-ADM1RAL THORNTON A. JENKINS. U.S.N.
(retired).
Rear-Admiral Thornton A.Jenkins was appointed
midshipman from Virginia in November, 1828, and served
five years in the West Indies, in " Natchez," " Vandalia,"
and the boat squadron in pursuit of the Cuban pirates.
Passed No. 1, at his examination for promotion, in a class
of eighty-two, June 2, 1834; on Coast Survey from 1834
to 1842, having been made lieutenant in 1839; served in
the " Congress" in the Mediterranean, and was present
at the capture of the Buenos Ayrean squadron off Monte-
video in September, 1844; on special service, in Europe,
[845—46; executive-officer of" Germantown" during the
Mexican War, anil commanded store-ship " Relief" dur-
ing the latter part of the war. He was actively engaged
at Tuspan and Tabasco ; Coast Survey from 1848 to 1852,
and secretary of Light-House Board from 1853 to 1858.
Commander, 1855 ; commanded the " Preble" in Paraguay
Expedition and Gulf of Mexico; at San Juan d'Ulloa
during the siege of General Miramon, and conveyed the
prizes " Miramon" and " Marquis of Havana," with their
crews and passengers as prisoners, to New Orleans. In
1861 secretary of Light-House Board. Captain in July,
1862 ; commanded " Wachusett" in the James and Poto-
mac Rivers; senior officer present in the attacks at Cog-
gin's Point and City- Point. In the fall of 1862 in com-
mand of "Oneida," blockading off Mobile; was next
appointed fleet-captain and chief of staff of Farragut's
fleet; present at the passage of Port Hudson and fight
with Grand Gulf batteries, Warrenton and Grand Gulf, —
all in March, 1863 ; present at the siege ami attack upon
Port Hudson, May, 1863; wounded on board " Monon-
gahela" during the engagement with enemy's batteries at
College Point, Mississippi River, being in command of
three armed vessels engaged in convoy duty. He was in
command of the " Richmond," and senior officer in com-
mand of the naval forces below, at the time of the sur-
render of Port Hudson, July 9, 1803. In command of
division, on the Mobile blockade, from December, 1863,
to the battle of Mobile Bay, August 5, 1864, in which,
and all the subsequent operations, he took part. He was
left in command of the Mobile Bay division until Feb-
ruary, 1865. He was then ordered to James River, and
remained there until after Lee's surrender.
Admiral Farragut, in his detailed report of the Mobile
affair, says, " Before closing this report, there is one other
officer of my squadron of whom I feel bound to speak, —
Captain T. A. Jenkins, of the ' Richmond,' who was for-
merly my chief of staff, not because of his having held
that position, but because he never forgets to do his
duty to the government, and takes now the same interest
in the fleet as when he stood in that relation to me. He
is also commanding officer of the Second Division of my
squadron, and, as such, has shown ability and the most
untiring zeal, lie carries out the spirit of one of Lord
Collingwood's best sayings, — ' not to be afraid of doing
too much ; those who are, seldom do as much as they
ought.' When in Pensacola, he spent days on the bar,
placing buoys in the best position, was always looking
after the interests of the service, and keeping the vessels
from being detained in port one moment more than neces-
sary. The gallant Craven told me, only the night before
the action in which he lost his life, ' I regret, admiral, that
I have detained you ; but had it not been for Captain Jen-
kins, God knows when I should have been here. When
your order came I had not received an ounce of coal.' I
feel that I should not be doing my duty if I did not call
the attention of the department to an officer who has
performed all his various duties with so much zeal and
fidelity."
Captain Jenkins was made commodore in 1S66, while
chief of the Bureau of Navigation. In 1869 he became
secretary of the Light-House Board. Rear-admiral in
1870, he commanded the Asiatic Squadron, and was
relieved on that station in 1873, having reached the age
of retirement in December.
In March, 1874, he was appointed, by the President,
commissioner to represent the Navy Department at
the Centennial Exhibition of 1876, at Fairmount Parle,
Philadelphia.
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY {regular)
COLONEL HORACE JEWETT. U.S.A.
Colonej Horace Jewei r was appointed first lieuten-
ant Fifteenth Infantry May 14, [861, and ordered on
the regimental recruiting service at Xenia, Ohio. He
remained on that duty about four weeks, when lie was
transferred to Columbus, < >hio, to perform the same ser-
vii e at Newport, Kentucky. In < (ctoberhewas ordered
to regimental headquarters, and in November was
ordered from there to join that portion of the regi-
ment serving in the field in Kentucky. From No-
vember, [861, to August, 1863, he served constantly
with his regiment in the field, taking part in the battles
of Shiloh, siege of Corinth, Chaplain Hills, Stone River,
and Hoover's Gap, and also campaigns of Buell and
Rosecrans. During the greater portion of this ser-
vice he commanded Company "A," First Battalion.
While his army was in camp about Cowan, Tennessee,
he was ordered to regimental head~quarters, Fort
Adams, Rhode Island, and detailed on recruiting
service, stationed first at Boston, Massachusetts, and
afterwards at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In March,
[864, upon his own application, he was ordered to
take a company from Fort Adams, Rhode Island, to
oin that portion of his regiment then at Graysville,
1 gia. lie commanded Company B, Third Battalion,
Fifteenth Infantry, from the commencement 1 it the
Atlanta campaign, until just before the battle of Utoy
('reek-, participating in all the engagements in which
his regiment took part. When his commanding
officei received a gunshol wound, he assumed com-
mand of the detachment, consisting of nine companies,
First and Third Battalion, Fifteenth Infantry. In com-
mand of this detachment he took part in the battles of
Qtoy Creek, Jonesborough, and sundry skirmishes, and at
the close of the campaign was ordered with it to Look-
out Mountain, Tennessee. While mi Lookout Mountain
a detachment of cavalry was ordered to report to him,
and he was ordered to make an exploration of the
mountain, with a view to the defence of the same. In
December was again ordered to regimental head-
quarters, Fort Adams, and reassigned to the Philadelphia
recruiting service. January, [866, Company 1), First
Battalion, being reorganized at Fort Adams, Rhode
Island, he was ordered to join and take it to Mobile,
Alabama September 1, he was detailed on the general
recruiting service at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and
remained until January 1868, when he rejoined his
company in Montgomery, Alabama. In March he was
assigned to the command of the post, embracing seven-
teen counties of the State, with from three to six com-
panies of infantry and cavalry to assist him in their re-
construction, and he remained on this duty until the State
was turned over to the civil authorities, when the regi-
ment was ordered to Texas.
Upon orders lor regiments to consolidate, he marched
with his troops from Canton to Austin, and from there to
Fort Concho, and then to Fort Seldon. In command of
Fort Bascour, New Mexico, from October 17, [869, until
I lecember 1 1 , 1S70. From December 19, 1870, until April
30, 1 872, he served at Fort Union, in 0 mi mam 1 of his com-
pany, anil at times the post, from there he was ordered to
Garland, Colorado, and in August [8, [876, proceeded to
Fort Wingate, New Mexico. While stationed there, in
the tall of 1S77, he arranged and secured the surrender
ol Victoria, Loco, ami Nana, and three hundred and thirty
other Warm Spring Apache Indians, who had been on
the war-path in New Mexico and Arizona. In 1879 he
marched across the Navajo Reservation to Farmington,
New Mexico, and camped there a few weeks between the
Navajo and Southern Ute Reservations. With two com-
panies of infantry he marched from thence to Animas City,
Colorado, and remained until tin.- winter of 1 SSo. In
1SS1 he returned with his command to Fort Wingate,
Nev\ Mexico; w.is there but a lew weeks, when he
marched to Fort Cummings, New Mexico, to join a large
body of troops that was concentrating there against the
Apaches ; marched from there, in pursuit of the Apaches,
to near the city of Chihuahua, Mexico, when he was
ordered to return to the United States as soon as practi-
cable. Having been promoted a major of the Sixteenth
Infantry January 31, 1882, he was ordered to head-
quarters, Department of Texas, and then to Fort Mc-
Kavett, Texas. From there he marched to Fort Stock-
ton, ami then to Fort Concho. Promoted lieutenant-
colonel Third Infantry August 1. 1885, and was imme-
diately assigned to command Fort Missoula, Montana.
In June, 1S8S, he was ordered to Fort Snelling, Minne-
sota, and remained there until his promotion as colonel
of Twenty-lust Infantry, when he was given command of
Fi n't I I ua< kiua, the present station.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
2\J
CAPTAIN STEPHEN PERRY JOCELYN. U.S.A.
Captain Stephen Perry Jocelvn (Twenty-first In-
fantry) was born at Brownington, Vermont, March i.
1843, and is directly descended, in the eighth generation,
from Anthony Perry of the Plymouth colon}-, who, com-
ing from Devonshire in 1638, founded in New England
the family of his name, which, in its various branches,
has furnished a line of soldiers and sailors alike distin-
guished in early Indian and colonial as well as the more
recent wars of the United States.
Captain Jocelyn received an academic education in his
native State, and when about to enter Dartmouth College
was enrolled August 22, [863, at the age of twenty, in
the Sixth Vermont Infantry. The following year he
was commissioned first lieutenant One Hundred and
Fifteenth United States ('..loud Infantry, and served
against guerillas in Kentucky until December, 18(14,
when his regiment was transferred to the Army of the
James, where, in command of his company, he partici-
pated in the subsequent operations in front of Rich-
mond, being present at the fall anil occupation of that
city, April 3, 1865.
Upon the transfer of General Weitzel's command t..
Texas, in June, 1865, Lieutenant Jocelyn accompanied it
with his regiment, being soon after appointed quartermas-
ter of the First Brigade, Second Division of the Twenty-
fifth Army Corps, in which capacity, with station at Indi-
anola, Texas, he continued to serve until mustered out of
the volunteer service, February 10, 1866.
Arriving in Washington from Texas in April, [866,
Lieutenant Jocelyn found awaiting him a commission of
second lieutenant in the regular army. lie was assigned
to the Sixth Infantry, and joining the regiment .it
Charleston, South Carolina, attained the grade of first
lieutenant Jul}' 28, [866, anil was promoted captain
Twenty-first Infantry May 19, 1874.
Beginning at Fort Gibson, Indian Territory, in 1X1.7,
Captain Jocelyn has had a wide experience of the varied
vicissitudes of army service on the frontier, extending
from Montana to Texas, and from Arizona to Alaska.
For some time in 1869-70 he was detailed to assist Gen-
eral Hazen in the latter's duties of superintendent of
Indian affairs for the Southern superintendency.
The year 1871, a culminating season of Apache atro-
cities, found Captain Jocelyn afield in Arizona, followed,
during the years 1872-73 and '74, by service in North-
ern California and Southern Oregon, at the posts of Fort
Bidwell, Camp Warner, and Fort Klamath.
Development of the gold-fields of Alaska caused
the re-establishment of Fort Wrangel in 1K75. Cap-
tain Jocelyn was assigned to and continued in com-
mand of this important and isolated post for a year ami
a half.
Captain Jocelyn participated in the harassing and
28
tedious war with the Nez Perces, throughout which he
commanded his company, being engaged in the two-days'
fight of the Clearwater and subsequent skirmish at Kamai.
The summer of 187S furnished another period of Indian
hostilities, tin: recalcitrant Bannacks and Piutes being
brought to their senses in the engagement near Umatilla
Ageni y, in which Captain Jocelyn took- part; after which
a leave of absence was granted Captain Jocelvn, which
he utilized by a year of travel and study in Europe, re-
turning to Fort Townsend, on Puget Sound, in 1880,
which continued to be his station for the next four years.
He was, however, detached to command the Skagit
River Indian expedition October-November, 1880, and
again in 1881, to conduct the reconnoissance for a mili-
tary telegraph-line between Port Angeles and Cape Flat-
tery, Washington Territory.
Captain Jocelyn has given considerable attention to
the subject of small-arms fire and drill. His company won
the Nevada Trophy in 1882, and again the following
year, and he was captain of Department of Columbia
rifle-team in division contest at San Francisco, 1883.
In 1882 General Schofield, commanding Division
of the Pacific, used the following commendatory lan-
guage in orders : " It is a significant fact that the
company in this division which has this year made
the besl average per cent. (87.42) in competition for
the Nevada Trophy, is the one reported by the assistant
inspector-general as by far the best instructed in the
bayonet exercise."
The Twenty-first Infantry having been transferred to
the Department of the Platte in 1884, Captain Jocelyn's
service since that year, with exception of a tour of re-
cruiting duty, has been in Wyoming, Utah, and Nebraska,
at the posts of Fort Fred Steele, Fort Du Chesne, Fort
Douglas, and Fort Sidney. At the latter he is now sta-
tioned.
218
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NA VY (regular)
CAPTAIN JOHN BURGESS JOHNSON, U.S.A.
Captain John Burgess Johnson (Third Cavalry) was
born at Rochester, Massachusetts, November 29, 1847.
He entered the volunteer service during the war of the
Rebellion .is second lieutenant of the Sixth U. S. Colored
Infantry September 8, 1863, and served with the Army
of the James in the Tenth and Eighteenth Army Corps,
and was engaged in front of Petersburg, at the explosion
of the mine, and action of New Market Heights, Vir-
ginia, where he was wounded and promoted first lieu-
tenant. He was honorably mustered out of the service
January 20, 1865, on account of wounds received in
action; but was reappointed and mustered to his pro-
motion as first lieutenant February 15, 1865, and joined
his regiment at Fort Fisher, North Carolina. He par-
ticipated in the engagement at Cox's Bridge, North Caro-
lina, and at the surrender of General Johnston and his
army, acting as aide and assistant adjutant-general. He
was honorably mustered out of the volunteer service
September 20, 1865.
Lieutenant Johnson entered the regular service as
second lieutenant of the Seventh Infantry April 23, 1S66,
and was promoted first lieutenant October 12, 1S67. He
joined his regiment in Florida, and served as post
adjutant at Fernandina. I Ie served there and in Georgia
until May 19, 1867, when he became unassigned by
reason of the consolidation of regiments. While unas-
signed, Lieutenant Johnson was placed on reconstruc-
tion duty in Mississippi until January 1, [87 1, when he
was assigned to the Third Cavalry. < )n joining his regi-
ment he served in Arizona, and was adjutant of his
regiment from May, 1871, to April, 1878.
The Third Cavalry having been transferred to the De-
partment of the Platte, Lieutenant Johnson was in com-
mand of Troop F, and participated in the capture and
destruction of Crazy Horse Sioux village, on Powder
River, Montana, March 17, 1876. He was promoted
captain of the Third Cavalry April 4, [878, and was in
command of the battalion of the Third Cavalry which
captured Dull Knife's band of one hundred and forty-
nine Cheyenne Indians October 24, [878, in the sand-
hills of Northern Nebraska.
In [881, while his troop was on duty at Fort Leaven-
worth, Captain Johnson was instructor at the U. S. In-
fantry and Cavalry School, which position he retained
until 1886, when he was transferred to Texas, and was
in command of a battalion of the Third Cavalry on the
march from San Antonio to Brownsville. He has been
in command of Fort Brown, Texas, since October 18,
1 890.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
219
CAPTAIN AND BREVET LIEUTENANT-COLONEL
LEWIS JOHNSON. U.S.A.
Captain and Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel Lewis
Johnson (Twenty-fourth Infantry) was born in Rostock,
Germany, March 30, 1S41. He entered the volunteer
service at the commencement of the war of the Rebel-
lion, as private of Company E, Tenth Indiana Infantry,
April 18, 1 86 1, and was discharged August 6, 1 861, having
participated in McClellan's West Virginia campaign, and
engaged in the battle of Rich Mountain. He re-entered
the volunteer service as first lieutenant of the Tenth
Indiana Infantry September 18, 1 861, and was promoted
captain August 29, 1862. He participated in the battles
and campaigns of the West, and was engaged in the
battle of Mill Springs, Kentucky, where he was wounded.
He was in the advance upon and siege of Corinth, Mis-
sissippi, where he was again wounded. He then partici-
pated in the battle of Perry ville, Kentucky; action on
Salt Run, Kentucky; advance on Tullahoma, Tennessee;
battle of Chickamauga, Georgia ; action at Rossville,
Georgia ; siege of Chattanooga, Tennessee ; battle of
Missionary Ridge, Tennessee; engagements of Tunnel
Hill, Georgia; Rocky-Face Ridge, Georgia, and Dalton,
Georgia, where he was captured.
He was honorably mustered out of the Tenth Indiana
Infantry September 15, 1864, and was appointed colonel
of the Forty-fourth United States Colored Troops Sep-
tember 16, 1864. He was in command of troops in the
action on Mill Creek, Tennessee, December 2 and 3,
1864, and commanded his regiment in the battles of
Nashville, Tennessee (where he was wounded), and suc-
ceeding pursuit of Hood's routed arm)'. He occupied
various positions on the staff of brigade, division, and
corps commanders, — on the staff of Brigadier-General J.
M. Brannan, at Chickamauga, and Brigadier-General A.
Baird, at Missionary Ridge. He was in command of
the First Colored Brigade, Army of the Cumberland,
Second Brigade, District of East Tennessee, District of
Northern Alabama, and District and Post of Huntsville,
Alabama. He commanded the Exchange Barracks,
Nashville, Tennessee, when mustered out of the volun-
teer service.
Colonel Johnson had the following brevets conferred
upon him: captain March 13, 1862, for "gallant and
meritorious services in the battle of Mill Springs, Ken-
tucky;" major March 22, 1867, for " gallant and meri-
torious services in the siege of Corinth, Mississippi;"
and lieutenant-colonel for " gallant and meritorious ser-
vices in the battle of Missionary Ridge, Tennessee."
He was also brevetted brigadier-general of volunteers
March 13, 1865, for "gallant and meritorious services
during the war."
Colonel Johnson entered the regular service as first
lieutenant of the Forty-first United States Infantry July
28, 1866, was promoted captain December 12, 1867, and,
on the consolidation of regiments, was transferred to the
Twenty -fourth Infantry November 11, 1869. He was
on regimental recruiting service in Alabama, Tennessee,
Ohio, and Michigan, from 1866 to 1868, and then served
with his regiment on frontier duty in Texas from 1868
to 1880, at which time his regiment was transferred to
the Indian Territory, where the colonel was stationed
until 1883, when he was detailed on general recruiting
service in St. Louis and Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. In
1885 he rejoined his regiment in the Indian Territory,
and commanded a battalion of the Twenty-fourth Infantry
during the transfer of the regiment to Arizona, in 1888.
He commanded the post of San Carlos, Arizona, from
May, 1889, to October, 1891, when he was appointed
Indian agent of the White Mountain (Apache) Indian
Reservation at the San Carlos Agency, on which duty
he is at the present time.
220
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CHIEF ENGINEER DAVID
•S |0NES, U.N.N.
Chief Engineer David Phillips Jones was bom in
Philadelphia in 1841, and was educated at the Central
High School of that city when the celebrated scholar
and educator, Professor fohn S. Hart, was at its head.
In 1858, when but a youth, he was appointed one of
the principal examiners of the Utah Surveys. The duty
of the examiners was to test the accuracy of the surveys
of the public lands in that Territory. After the comple-
tion of this work he was appointed resident engineer of
the surveyor-general's office.
At the breaking out of the Civil War lie returned
East, and in [862 entered the navy as assistant engineer,
and was ordered to duty on the gun-boat " Cimmerone."
This vessel was attached to the James River fleet, and
afterwards was assigned to Admiral Wilkes's Flying
Squadron, and thence transferred to Admiral Dupont's
fleet, where' she participated in various engagements on
the St. John's River, Florida.
1 lis next service was on the iron-clad " Sangamon."
This was the vessel that received the Confederate com
missioners, Stephens and Campbell, upon their memorable
mission to secure an interview with President Lincoln.
The arduous duties and close confinement on the iron-
1 lad undermined Engineer Jones's health, and he was con-
demned by nn die. il survey and detached.
In a short time he again reported for duty and was
ordered to the " Mendota." The " Mendota" was at-
tached to the James River fleet, anil partii ipated in many
actions on thai river preceding the fall of Richmond.
While this vessel was stationed at Hampton Roads,
Engineer Jones was detailed to carry the despatches
from Admiral Porter informing General Grant of the
capture ol Fort Fisher. Army head-quarters weir at
that time at City Point. The dangerous journey was
111. ule at night, and the despatches safely delivered to
General Grant in the early morning. For this service
he was highly complimented by his commanding officer.
J lis next duty was on the flag-ship " Powhatan," on
the South Pacific. While on this vessel he witnessed
the bombardment of Valparaiso and Callao by the Span-
iards in [866. After leaving the "Powhatan" he was
attached to the " Gettysburg" and " Michigan," and to
the Portsmouth Navy- Yard. He was stationed at the lat-
ter place when Admiral Farragut died there, and was one
of the officers' guard-of-honor selected to watch over the
remains. He was afterwards on duty in the Bureau of
Steam-Engineering, and was thence assigned to the
Naval Academy, where he aided in perfecting the system
of mechanical drawing and machine design for the cadel
engineers. lie was retained on this duty for five years,
which was the best comment upon his usefulness.
Beside the duties enumerated, Engineer Jones has been
attached to various vessels and stations, and also as pro-
i' sor of mechanical engineering at the Kansas Normal
College. While upon extended leave he became the en-
gineer of the St. Louis and Southeastern Railway, and
designed and built the great railway transfers at Evans-
ville, Indian. 1, and Henderson, Kentucky.
< »f his ability and the esteem in which he is held,
Commander, now Rear-Admiral, John Irwin, wrote,
" With his professional ability and scholarly attainments,
I consider him one of the most accomplished officers in
the service." The lamented Captain Shoonmaker, in
a special report to the Navy Department, says, "This
method of repairing the defect in the machinery (of the
' Nipsic') was the design of Passed Assistant Engineer
Jones, and is very creditable to the designer, showing-
knowledge, skill, and ingenuity."
Chief Engineer Jones is a member of many prominent
scientific societies, and has a broad and comprehensive
grasp of engineering subjects. I Ie has always been iden-
tified with the progressive element of the Naval Engi-
neer Corps, anil has never failed to retain the confidence
and esteem of the engineers-in-chief. The law authorizing
the detail of naval engineer officers as instructors in
technical schools was his conception.
As a writer he has contributed much to establish the im-
portance and define the responsibilities of his corps, while
hi-, official reports upon professional topics are regarded
as models. He is also the author of many well-known
navy songs. He has considerable reputation as a public
speaker. His witty and eloquent responses to the toast
of "The Navy," at the inaugural banquet given to Gov-
ernor Davis, of Rhode Island, in 1890, and at the thir-
tieth anniversary of the Rhode Island Artillery at New-
port in [891, will long be remembered.
Chief Engineer Jones's present duty is at the Naval
Training Station, Newport, Rhode Island.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
22 I
MEDICAL INSPECTOR WILLIAM H. JONES, U.S.N.
Medical Inspector William H. Jones was born in
Northampton Count)-, Pennsylvania, December 15,
1 840.
I te was appointed acting assistant surgeon in the U. S.
Navy in April, [863, and ordered on duty at the Naval
Hospital, Norfolk, Virginia.
He was appointed assistant surgeon August 12, [863.
Served on U. S. S. " Pensacola," West Gulf Block-
ading Squadron, [863-64.
U. S. S. " Marblehead" (practice cruise), 1864.
U. S. Naval Academy, practice ships, 1S64.
U. S. ram " Tennessee," West Gulf Blockading Squad-
ron, 1864-65.
LI. S. Naval Hospital, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1X65.
U. S. Naval Hospital, Pensacola, Florida, [865-66.
U. S. S. "W. G. Anderson," West Gulf Blockading
Squadron, 1866.
Navy-yard, Washington, D. C, 1866-67.
lie was promoted to passed assistant surgeon Decem-
ber 24, 1866.
U. S. S. " Maumee," Asiatic Squadron, 1867-69.
Navy-yard, Washington, D. C, 1870-71.
U. S. S. "Jamestown," South Pacific Station, 1S71.
U. S. S. " Saranac," North Pacific Station, 1871.
U. S. S. " Pensacola," Pacific fleet, 1871-73.
U. S. S. " Portsmouth," survey of the Pacific, 1873-75.
He was commissioned as surgeon in July, 1873.
U. S. training-ship " Portsmouth," San Francisco, Cali-
fornia, 1875.
U. S. receiving-ship "Potomac," Philadelphia, Penn-
sylvania,from December, 1875, to 1877; then transferred
to U. S. S. " Constitution," at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
in 1877.
U. S. S. "Constitution," European Station, 1878-79.
U. S. Naval Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, 1879-80.
U. S. S. " Michigan," on the Lakes, 1881.
U. S. S. " Franklin," Norfolk, Virginia, 18S1.
U. S. S. "Wachusett," Pacific Station, 18S1-S5.
U. S. Navy- Yard, League Island, Pennsylvania, 1885-
88.
U. S. S. " Pensacola,'
U. S. S. "Richmond,
U. S. S. " Pensacola,'
1888-89.
U. S. S. "Swatara," Asiatic Station, 189O-91.
U. S. Navy- Yard, League Island, Pennsylvania, 1891-
92.
Surgeon Jones was promoted to medical inspector in
November, 1891.
New York Navy-Yard, 1888.
New York Navy- Yard, 1888.
navy-yard, Norfolk, Virginia,
:j2
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NA VY (regular)
REAR-ADMIRAL JAMES E. JOUETT, U.S.N.
(retired).
Rear-Admiral James E. Jouett was burn in Ken-
tucky in 1828, and appointed midshipman from that
State in [841. His first service was in the West Indies
and Home Squadron on the razee " Independence," and
he next served on the coast of Africa in the " Deca-
tur;" engaged in the Berriby War. Passed midshipman
in 1S47. During the Mexican War he served in the
Gulf Squadron in most of the operations incident t<>
the war, so far as the east coast was concerned. He
occupied Point Isabel with sailors from the squadron
for some time. Master September, 1 S 5 5 , and lieutenant
the same month. Landed with detachment at Panama
to keep transit open anil protect Americans. In 1857
went out in the "Chapin," a chartered vessel, on the
Paraguay Expedition. Upon his return he was ordered
to the "Crusader," employed on special- service in sup-
pressing the slave-trade in Cuban waters. The " Cru-
sader" captured three slavers. In 1 S61 , while at Pcnsa-
( ola, awaiting the return of the "Crusader," the navy-
yard was captured by the Confederate forces, and Jouett
was placed on parole. After exchange he was ordered
to the frigate " Santee," on blockade of Galveston, Texas.
Here he commanded the party which cut out the "Royal
Yacht," being severely wounded. Captain Eagle, com-
manding the "Santee," in his official report, says : " It is
with pleasure that I would call tin: attention of the De-
partment to the gallantry of Lieutenant Jouett. I le was
seriously wounded in the arm and side at the commence-
ment of the contest. Although suffering from wounds
and loss of blood, he showed great firmness throughout,
and after setting fire to the vessel he was three hours in
the launch pulling for the ship, and had the care of
twelve prisoners and six of his wounded men. I can,
with confidence, recommend him for a command of any
vessel in the service suitable to his rank, although I
should much regret his detachment from this ship, as he
is a very efficient officer."
lie was made lieutenant-commander August, 1862,
and ordered to command the " Cuyler," off Mobile. He
captured four blockade-runners while on this duty. He
was soon ordered to the command of the " Metacomet."
In this command his vessel was lashed alongside ofFar-
ragut's flag-ship at the battle of Mobile Bay, August 5,
[864. After passing Port Morgan and the torpedoes,
the rebel gun-boats inside the bay began to rake the
flag-ship. Farragut ordered the " Metacomet" to cast
off and go in pursuit. Jouett promptly pursued, and,
after a desperate conflict, captured the Confederate war-
steamer " Selma," and also rendered other gallant service
during that fight, of which Farragut reported : " Lieu-
tenant-Commander Jouett's promptness and coolness
throughout the fight merited high praise, received his
warmest commendation, and was worth}' of his reputa-
tion." For this occasion, the board, of which Farragut
was president, in 1865 recommended Jouett to be pro-
moted thirty numbers. This advancement was not made.
T/ic zvar was over.
During the action in Mobile Pay, it is related by
Commodore Parker, the " Metacomet" ran into less water
than she drew in pursuit of the rebel gun-boats. When
this happened, Jouett called in the leadsman from the
chains, saying, "The admiral has directed me to follow
these gun-boats, and I am going to do it!" Fortunately,
the " Metacomet" only stirred up the mud, and accom-
plished her mission. Had it been otherwise, they might
have tinned upon her, as they drew less water.
In July, lSf>6, he was commissioned as commander,
and for two years commanded the " Michigan," on the
Lakes. In January, 1S74, he was commissioned as cap-
tain. From June, 1880, to January, 1883, he had com-
mand of the Port Royal Naval Station. Commissioned
commodore January 11, 1883. Ordered to command
North Atlantic Squadron as acting rear-admiral in Sep-
tember, 1S84. He commanded the squadron for two
years, and during that time, " by his prompt, firm, and
judicious course in the spring of 1885, dining the rebel-
lion on the Isthmus of Panama, restored order, re-
established transit, prevented great destruction of prop-
erty and loss of life, and was instrumental in bringing
about the surrender of the insurgent forces in the United
States of Colombia, and reflected credit on the L nitecl
States of America."
In June, 1SS0, he was detached and ordered as presi-
dent of the Board of Inspection and Survey, and chief of
Admiral Porter's staff, having been commissioned as rear-
admiral from February 19, 1886.
He was retired from active service by operation of law
in February, 1890.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
223
CAPTAIN ALBERT KAUTZ. U.S.N.
Captain Albert Kautz was born in Ohio January 29,
1839. Appointed acting midshipman September, 1854.
Graduated at Naval Academy, Annapolis, June II, 1858.
Served in several vessels of the Home Squadron, and in
January, 1861, was promoted to passed midshipman ;
in the February following to master, and in April to
lieutenant. This rapid promotion was due to the man;'
vacancies in the navy-list caused by the imminence of
the Civil War. Served in the steamer " Flag," North
Atlantic Squadron. In June, 1861, placed in command
of prize-brig "Hannah Balch," off Charleston, South
Carolina, with orders to proceed to Philadelphia; and on
June 25 was captured, in sight of Cape Hatteras, by the
privateer " Winslow," Captain Thomas M. Crossan.
Lieutenant Kautz was on parole in North Carolina for
two months, at the und of which time the parole was
revoked and he was incarcerated in Henrico County Jail,
Richmond, Virginia, by order of Jefferson L.ivis, as a
retaliatory measure consequent on the imprisonment of
privateers in the Tombs, at New York. On the last day
of October, 1861, Lieutenant Kautz was released on
parole for the purpose of going to Washington to pro-
cure an exchange. He had an interview with the Con-
federate Secretaries Benjamin and Mallory before he left
Richmond, and then with President Lincoln and Secre-
taries Seward and Welles, in Washington. 1 le succeeded
in negotiating an exchange, by means of which Lieuten-
ant (the present admiral) Worden, the late Lieutenant
George L. Selden, and himself were released from prison
and restored to duty, on condition that Lieutenants
Stevens, Loyall, and Butt should be sent South under
flag of truce. There were also three hundred and fifty
prisoners, captured at Hatteras Inlet in August, 1 861 ,
sent South under the same negotiation, for which were
received three hundred and fifty of the Bull Run prison-
ers, captured in July, 1861.
This was the first exchange of prisoners authorized by
President Lincoln and his Cabinet, and marks a distinct
phase in the conduct of the war.
In January, 1S62, Lieutenant Kautz was ordered to
the " Hartford," Admiral Farragut's flag-ship, and served
upon his staff; but commanded the first division of
great guns in the engagements with Forts Jackson and
St. Philip, the Chalmette batteries, and the capture of
New Orleans, in April, 1862. He had command of the
howitzers, under Captain Henry Bell, at New Orleans,
and hauled down the " Lone-Star" flag in person from
the City Hall. This was the flag which the mayor re-
fused to strike. He then hoisted the Stars anil Stripes
on the Custom-House. (The hauling down of the
" Lone-Star" flag has been erroneously attributed to
Captain Bell in some accounts of those exciting times.)
Lieutenant Kautz continued to serve in the "Hart-
ford" during the engagements with the batteries at Vicks-
burg in June and July, 1862. In August he was seized
by malarial fever, condemned by medical survey, and sent
North. His next service was on board the steam-sloop
"Juniata," of the West India Squadron, in 1863 ; and in
1S64-65 he served as first lieutenant of the sloop-of-war
" Cyane" in the Pacific. Promoted lieutenant-commander
in May, 1865. Served in the " Winooski," of the Home
Squadron, and flag-ship " Pensacola," of the Pacific
Squadron, up to August, 1868. Then on board the
receiving-ship at Norfolk, and at the navy-yard, Boston,
up to August, 1 87 1, at which time he was appointed
inspector of light-houses, with head-quarters at Key
West, Florida. During his service in this capacity he
was promoted to commander September 3, 1872. Com-
manded the " Monocacy," on the Asiatic Station, from
1872 to 1873. Light-house inspector, with station at
Cincinnati, from January, 1876, to Jul}', 1880. Com-
manded the steamer " Michigan," on the Lakes, from
August, 1880, to August, 1883. In 1884 Commander
Kautz was on duty in the Bureau of Equipment, Navy
Department. Equipment officer, Boston, 1884-S7. Pro-
moted captain June 2, 1885, and on duty at navy-yard,
Portsmouth, since June, 1890. Captain Kautz has had
command of the U. S. S. " Pensacola," cruising in the
Atlantic, and then in the Pacific Ocean.
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY secular)
BRIGADIER-GENERAL AUGUST VALENTINE KAUTZ.
U.S.A. (retired).
Brigadier-General August Valentine Kautz was
born in the Grand Duchy of Baden on the 5th of Jan-
uary, [828. I lis parents emigrated the same year, and in
[834 settled in Brown County, Ohio. In a company of
v 1 mng men from Georgetown, he went to the Mexican War
as a volunteer in the First Ohio, which served on the
Northern campaign under General Taylor. He partici-
pated in tiie battle of Monterey, and upon his discharge he
was appointed a cadet at the Military Academy, graduating
in 1852, and assigned second lieutenant of the Fourth
U. S. Infantry, lie joined his regiment in Oregon soon
alter graduation, and served in Oregon and Washington
Territory until the Civil War. He participated in the
Rogue River Wars, 1853 and [855, and was wounded in
the latter, and again wounded in the spring of 1X56, in
the Indian War mi Puget Sound, for which action he was
commended for gallantry in general orders No. 14. from
the head-quarters of the army, dated November 13, 1857,
by General Scott. Promoted first lieutenant in 1854.
He was appointed captain Sixth U. S. Cavalry in 1861,
and served with the regiment from its organization
through the Peninsula campaign of [862, and com-
manded the regiment during the seven days, and up to
South Mountain, September 10, when appointed colonel
Second ( >hio Cavalry, and joined the regiment in Kansas.
I lis regiment was subsequently ordered to Camp Chase,
Ohio, and Colonel Kautz commanded that post from De-
cember, [862, to April, i.xr>3. Early in April, [863, he-
took the Held with his regiment, and served in Kentucky,
his regiment forming a part of General Carter's Division.
He participated in a number of engagements until the
Morgan raid, which he joined from the Cumberland
River to Portland, Ohio. His judicious attack on Mor-
gan's rear early in the morning with simply the advance
of Hobson's force, which was fifteen miles in the rear,
prevented Morgan from recrossing the Ohio, and led to
the capture on that day ami the day following.
Upon the organization of the Twenty-third Corps for
the campaign into East Tennessee, Colonel Kautz was
assigned as chief of cavalry of the corps, and served in
that capacity to the capture of Knoxville, and through
the subsequent siege by the rebel forces.
In the spring of 1864 Colonel Kautz took the field,
having been appointed brigadier-general, and assigned
to the command of the cavalry division of the Army of
the James. This command was an independent command
under General Butler, and was used to cut the railroads
south of Richmond and Petersburg while Bermuda Hun-
dred was being occupied. He served alternately with the
Ai ni)- of the James and the Army of the Potomac through-
out the year 1X64. He entered Petersburg with his small
cavalry command on the 9th of June. 1X64, and had he
been properly supported by the infantry it might have
been held, and the long siege that followed have been
avoided. He led the advance of the Wilson raid, which
cut the roads leading into Richmond from the south for
more than forty days.
During the winter of 1864—65 he held and picketed
the right flank of the Army of the James with his
cavalry command. When the dispositions were made for
the final campaign in the last days of March, 1865, General
Kautz was assigned to the First Division, Twenty-fifth
Army Corps, as brevet major-general, and he marched
his division of colored troops into Richmond on the 3d of
April. Soon after the death of Mr. Lincoln he was
detailed as a member of the Military Commission for the
trial of the conspirators implicated in the assassination.
When the army was reorganized, in iXf)f>, General
Kautz was appointed lieutenant-colonel of the Thirty-
fourth Infantry. He served with his regiment in Missis-
sippi on reconstruction duty, and in 1869, on the reduc-
tion of the army, was assigned lieutenant-colonel of the
Fifteenth Infantry, and commanded the regiment for sev-
eral years on the New Mexican frontier.
In June, 1874, General Kautz was promoted colonel of
the Eighth Infantry, and joined his regiment in Arizona.
In March, 1875, he was placed in command of the Depart-
ment of Arizona, and relieved General Crook. General
Kautz was brevetted major-general in the volunteers as
well as the regular service.
General Kautz, as colonel of the Eighth Infantry, com-
manded the post of Fort Niobrara, Nebraska, from De-
cember, 1XX6, to December, 1890, when he was appointed
the president of the Magazine-Gun Board. On the 20th
o| April, 1891, he was appointed brigadier-general, and
assigned to the command of the Department of the Col-
umbia. He commanded the department until the 5th of
January, 1892, when he was retired in accordance with. law.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
22 C
MAJOR E. R. KELLOGG, U.S.A.
Major E. R. Kellogg (Kighth Infantry) was born at
Newfield, Tompkins County, New York, March 25,
1842. He began the study of law early in April, 1861,
at Norwalk, Ohio, but enlisted (in what afterwards be-
came Company "A," Twenty-fourth Ohio Volunteer
Infantry), April 15, 1 86 1, at Norwalk. He was mustered
to date from April 22, 1S61. He was a private, corporal,
and sergeant in this company, and was made sergeant-
major of the regiment in June, [861, and second lieuten-
ant July 8, 1 86 1. (He has his commission to prove this.
It has been twice sent to the War Department, but the
officials there refused to correct the Army Register,
because the muster-roll of Company " A," Twenty-fourth
Ohio Volunteer Infantry, gives his commission a differ-
ent date.) Lieutenant Kellogg served in West Virginia
from July until October, 1861, and was in action at
Greenbrier River in September of that year. He re-
signed October 28, 1861, and enlisted in Company " 1!,"
First Battalion Sixteenth LT. S. Infantry, November 29,
1 861, and immediately joined the Army of the Ohio, in
Kentucky. He was appointed a sergeant of Company
" B," Sixteenth Infantry, on the day following his enlist-
ment ; was made sergeant-major about a week later, and
was soon recommended for a commission; but this
recommendation was lost in the adjutant-general's office
before it was acted upon. He was again recommended
immediately after the battle of Shiloh, in which he
participated with his battalion, and was commissioned a
second lieutenant in the Sixteenth Infantry from that
date, April 7, 1862. He was promoted to first lieutenant
May 3, 1S62, and to captain February 16, 1S65.
He served constantly with his regiment in the field in
Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, and Georgia,
until the close of the Atlanta campaign, in [864; was in
the battle of Shiloh, actions before Corinth, Mississippi,
and at Dog Walk, Kentucky ; battle of Murfreesborough,
or Stone River, Tennessee; combat at Hoover's Gap,
Tennessee; at Rocky Lace and Buzzard Roost. Georgia,
in February, 1864; again in the Atlanta campaign, at
Rocky Face and Buzzard Roost, Resaca, New Hope
Church, Kenesaw Mountain, Neal Dow Station, Peach-
Tree Creek, Utoy Creek, Atlanta, and Jonesborough,
Georgia, in which last battle, September 1, 1864, he-
commanded the two left companies of his regiment, and
was dangerously wounded by a musket-ball through his
right hip. In the charge at Jonesborough his regiment was
checked by the enemy's fire when near his works, but
Lieutenant Kellogg took his two companies forward,
drove the enemy from the intrenchments in his front,
and, although enfiladed and wounded by his fire, held
the position until the rest of his regiment joined him.
In January, 1866, he took command of a company
of his regiment at Madison Barracks, Sackett's Harbor,
29
New York. From there he went to Nashville, and then
to Memphis, Tennessee. He was transferred to the
Twenty-fifth Infantry September 25, 1866, and was on
general recruiting service in Toledo, Ohio, about one
year, in 1S66-07, and then was stationed at Paducah, Ken-
tucky, from January, [868, until April, 1869, when he
went to Atlanta, Georgia, with his regiment, and was
there transferred to the Eighteenth Infantry, in which he
served until December 26, 1888. He served at various .
places in the Southern States from April, 1 869, until April,
1 S79. 1 le commanded the post of Chattanooga, Tennes-
see, from Jul}', 1S77, until April 1879, when he went to
Montana. He served at Fort Assinaboine from May, 1879,
until May, 1885, and was in the field from July until Octo-
ber, in 1S82, in command of three companies of the Eigh-
teenth Infantry and three troops of the Second Cavalry.
He was stationed at Fort Hays, Kansas, from June,
1885, until September, 1S87, when he was detailed on
general recruiting service at Cleveland, Ohio. He was
promoted major of the Eighth Infantry December 26,
1 SSS, Nebraska, in April, 1 889 ; serving at Fort Robinson,
Nebraska, from April, [889, until September, 1890, when
he went to Fort Washakie, Wyoming, which post he
commanded until December, 1891, when he was ordered
to Fort McKinney, Wyoming.
Major Kellogg was acting assistant adjutant-general
to Lieutenant-Colonel J. V. Bomford, Sixteenth Infan-
try, for a few weeks in 1862, while he commanded the
Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Nineteenth Regiments U. S.
Infantry, in Buell's army, and was battalion quarter-
master from January until March or April, 1864.
He was brevetted captain for " gallant and meritorious
services in the battle of Murfreesborough, Tennessee,"
and major for " gallant and meritorious services in the
Atlanta campaign, and in the battle of Jonesborough,
Georgia."
226
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular-)
BRIGADIER-GENERAL J< >HN C. KELTON, U.S.A.
Brigadier- General John C. Kelton (adjutant-gen-
eral) was born in Pennsylvania June 24, [828, and grad-
uated at the Military Academy July 1, 1851. He was
promoted brevet second lieutenant of the Sixth Infantry
the same day, second lieutenant December 31, i85l,and
first lieutenant May 9, 1855. I Ie served at Fort Snelling,
Minnesota, from September 29, 1 85 1 , to November 15,
1852 ; at Traverse de Sioux, Minnesota, to December 4,
1S52 ; at Fort Snelling, Minnesota, to April 26, 1853 ; at
Fort Ridgely, Minnesota, to July 26, 1854; on an ex-
ploring expedition to August 21, 1854; at Fort Ridgely,
Minnesota, to September 30, 1854; at Jefferson Barracks,
Missouri, to November 4, 1 S 5 4 ; on recruiting service to
December 1, 1854; at Jefferson Barracks, Missouri, to
April 16, 1855 ; at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, to June 9,
1855 ; on the march to and at Fort Laramie, Nebraska, to
November 21, 1S56; at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, to
January 3, 1857. He was then detailed at the U. S. Mili-
tary Academy, as assistant instructor of infantry tactics,
from March 6, [857, to February 28, 1858, and as in-
structor in the use of small-arms and military gymnastics,
etc., to April 24, 1861, having been on leave from June
15, 1859, tn April 24, 1861.
He was appointed brevet captain and assistant adjutant-
general May 1 1, 181. 1, and captain and assistant adjutant-
general August 3, 1861. He was also appointed colonel
of the Ninth Missouri Infantry September 19, 1861, which
he held until March 1, 1862, having been appointed colonel
and additional aide-de-camp January 4, 1862, which posi-
tion he held until May 31, 1866.
At the commencement of the war of the Rebellion
General Kelton was detailed as purchasing commissary
of subsistence at St. Louis, Missouri, from May 11 to
August 5, 1861, and assistant adjutant-general of the
Department of the West from June 13 to September 19,
[861. lie was in command of a brigade in military
operations in Missouri from September 21 to November
21, [861. He was then placed on duty as assistant adju-
tant-general of the Department of the Missouri from
November 24, 1861, to March 1 1, 1 862, and of the Depart-
ment of the Mississippi from March 1 1, 1862, to July 1 1,
[862, participating in the advance upon and siege and
occupation of Corinth, Mississippi, April 19 to Jul)' 17,
1862. Then he was assistant adjutant-general on the staff
of Major-General Halleck, while general-in-chief of the
armies of the United States, from July 1 1, 1862, to March
12, [864, while chief of staff to the army, March 12, 18(4,
to April [9, 1865, and while at Richmond, Virginia, com-
manding the Military Division of the James, April 22 to
Jul)' 1, 1865.
lie was promoted major and assistant adjutant-general
Julv 17, 1862, and was brevettcd lieutenant-colonel and
colonel March 13, 1865, "fur most valuable and arduous
services both in the held and at head-quarters," and
brigadier-general March 13, 1865, "for valuable and
arduous services during the war, both in the field and at
head-quarters."
After the war closed, General Kelton was on duty in the
adjutant-general's office at Washington, D. C., from July
<>, 1865, to February 10, 1870; on special service in Eu-
rope to Julv 21, 1871); assistant adjutant-general of the
1 >iv ision of the Pacific from August 3, 1 870, to September
>< >, 1 885 ; on duty in the adjutant-general's office at Wash-
ington, 1). C, from October 13, 1885, to June 7, 1889;
and adjutant-general of the army since that date.
He was promoted lieutenant-colonel and assistant
adjutant-general March 2^, 1866, and colonel and assist-
ant adjutant-general June 15, 1880. On June 7, 1889,
he was appointed brigadier-general and adjutant-general
of the army, which position he now occupies.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
227
CAPTAIN FREDERIC A. KENDALL. U.S.A. (retired).
Captain Frederic A. Kendall was born in New
Hampshire August 28, 1838. He graduated from Bow-
doin College, Maine, in i860; degree of MA. conferred
by same college in 1868.
He entered the volunteer service early in the war of
the Rebellion as private of Company B, Eleventh Indiana
Infantry, June iS, 1861 ; was transferred to Company I,
First New Hampshire Infantry, July 23, 1861, and was
discharged August 9, 1 86 1. He was appointed second
lieutenant of the Fourth New Hampshire Infantry Sep-
tember 18, 1861 ; promoted first lieutenant November 2,
1862, and captain September 27, 1864.
He took part in the Port Royal expedition, and was in
the Department of the South to April, 1864, participating
in the operations against Forts Sumter and Wagner, and
in the expedition to Florida in January, 1864, and was
engaged in the action at Pocotaligo, South Carolina. Lie
was then transferred to the Army of the James, and was
engaged in the actions of Bermuda Hundred, Drury's
Bluff, Cold Harbor, Mine Explosion, and battle of Fus-
sel's Mills, Virginia; he was also engaged at the capture
of Fort Harrison, and in the operations terminating in
the surrender of General Lee. I le was on duty as assist-
ant commissary of musters of the Third Division, Tenth
Army Corps, from September, 1864, and on mustering
duty at Richmond and Petersburg, Virginia, until August
17, 1S65, when he resigned his volunteer commission to
accept commission as captain.
Captain Kendall again entered the volunteer service as
captain of the Eighth U. S. Colored Troops ( Ictober 9,
1865, and was ordered to duty in Texas, where he served
as assistant commissary of musters of the district of the
Rio Grande until mustered out, February 10, 1866.
He then entered the regular service July 28, 1S66, as
second lieutenant of the Fortieth Infantry, and served in
Texas as acting assistant U. S. marshal of Western Texas
until 1870.
After entering the regular service Lieutenant Kendall
was, on March 2, 1867, brevetted first lieutenant and cap-
tain U. S. Army " for gallant and meritorious services at
Fort Harrison, Virginia." He was promoted first lieu-
tenant Jul}' 31, 1867; transferred to the Twenty-fifth
Infantry April 20, 1869, and promoted captain March 22,
1879. Ue remained on duty with his regiment until
[874, when he was detailed on the recruiting service,
being relieved from that duty in < Jctober, 1876. He was
then detailed on college duty in Ohio, and while on that
duty was assigned to duty by the Governor of Ohio in
connection with the National Guard, being appointed
special aide-de-camp, with the rank of colonel in the
State militia, by Governors Young and Bishop, — in all
three years.
Captain Kendall was relieved from duty in 1879, and
was retired horn active service December 4, 1884, for
disability in the line of duty.
In February, 1886, appointed general agent of the
Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company of Philadelphia
for Northern Ohio, with head-quarters at Cleveland,
which position he still occupies.
In 18S7 was elected first president of the Cleveland
Life Underwriters' Association, and was re-elected for a
second term in 1890.
In 1S90 elected a vice-president of the National Life
Underwriters' Association at Boston.
228
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
MAJOR WM. B. KENNEDY, U.S.A.
Major Wm. I>. Kennedy (Fourth Cavalry) was born
in Ireland, August 12, 1834, and brought to the United
States in 1841. He entered the volunteer service March
3, 1863, as first lieutenant of Company I, First California
Cavalry, and was promoted captain of the same company
June 26, [863. He was first ordered to duty at Benicia
Barracks, California, December 10, 1863, and remained
on duty at that station, under Colonel II. M. Black, then
colonel of the Sixth California Infantry, to March 10,
1864, when he was ordered to proceed to the Department
of Arizona. After a delay at Fort Yuma of about three
weeks, he arrived at Tucson, Arizona Territory, May 4,
1S64. lie was then ordered to take station at El Riven-
ton, where he remained until fune 24,' and was then
transferred to Titbar, Arizona Territory.
On the 10th of July, 1864, Captain Kennedy was de-
tached from his company and ordered to conduct a supply
train, with a guard of twenty cavalrymen and five infan-
trymen, lie conducted this train of forty wagons, from
Tucson, Arizona Territory, to fort Goodwin, Arizona
Territory, through a country almost unknown, and
seemingly unsuited fir wagon travel ; the march was
toilsome and dangerous, owing to unbroken roadways,
July heat, presence in close proximity of large forces of
Cayotan Apaches. On this trip he found and named
Eureka Spring, which name it bears to this date and
possibly for all time. He reached Goodwin about July
20, 18C4, when the wisdom and provision of the then
post commander saved his command anil animals from
exhaustion from heat and thirst, by causing a water-
wagon, with a large force of mules attached thereto, to
be dragged through the sand some six miles, where his
command was halted, the tired men and animals getting
a share of the life-giving fluid. This was not war, but
was hard, dangerous work at the time. On his return
to Tucson and station at Frebace he was ordered, on or
about August 4, 1 864, to proceed to Fort Goodwin with his
company and there take station, where he was in com-
mand from June, 1865, to November 1, 1865, when or-
dered to Fort McDowell, Arizona Territory, then in
course of construction. He was at this point to March
31, 1866, when he marched to California, and was mus-
tered out with his company at the Presidio of San
Francisco, May 22, 1866. There is no records of wars
or fights during this time, but unadulterated work of
scouting and marching after the nomad, where a possible
show was given for his pursuit or punishment.
< )n the 22d of January, 1867, Captain Kennedy was
appointed first lieutenant of the Tenth United States
Cavalry, and promoted captain June 7, 1870. He or-
ganized Troop G at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and was
ordered with the troop to guard the grading parties of
the Kansas Pacific Railway, then in course of construc-
tion, and while thus engaged his command was attacked
with the cholera, July 24, 1807, which carried off twelve
men in seven days, thus losing one-seventh of his available
strength. He took station at Fort Riley, Kansas, Decem-
ber 10, 1867, where he remained until April 15, 1868,
when he was ordered with his troop, with a battalion of
the Tenth Cavalry, for duty in the field, continuing on
that duty until the December following, and then was
granted sick-leave to June, I 869.
The captain was at Fort Dodge until August 20, 1S70,
when he joined Troop F, as captain by promotion, ami
remained on duty with this troop in all the work of scout-
ing and frontier duty, including all campaigns against
Indians in Kansas, Indian Territory, Texas (length and
breadth), New Mexico, and Arizona. He commanded
Troop F, in all its wanderings and changes, through
twenty-one years and seven months, quitting its command
by promotion to the Fourth Cavalry as major, January
1, 1892, surrendering the actual command January 31,
[892.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
229
MEDICAL INSPECTOR EDWARD KERSHNER, U.S.N.
Dr. Kershner's ancestors were early settlers of Wash-
ington Count}-, Maryland, where they bought land from
the Indians. Me was born in Hagerstown, Maryland,
and graduated in medicine at the University of the City
of New York' in 1861. All the young men were then
going into either military or naval service, and he entered
the navy as assistant surgeon, being stationed at the
Washington Navy- Yard for a short time, and where he
had an opportunity of seeing Lincoln and other persons
who were to be prominent in our history. He was
then attached to the " Cumberland," and in that ves-
sel experienced the fierce fight and sudden destruction
which often characterized naval warfare. It is not neces-
sary to repeat here the story of the " Cumberland," — it
suffices to say that Surgeon Charles Martin and Assist-
ant Surgeon Kershner attended the many dreadfully
wounded until they had to leave them, or go down with
them. They were among the last to leap from the
ports of the sinking ship, and were fortunately assisted
by boats to the shore, close by. Lieutenant George
Morris, in his report of the action, says: "Among the
last to leave the ship were Surgeon Martin and Assistant
Surgeon Kershner, who did all they could for the
wounded." Dr. Kershner reached Fortress Monroe, and
then Assistant Secretary Fox ordered him to take charge
of Lieutenant Worden, of the " Monitor," who had been
injured in action with the " Merrimac," and accompanied
him to Washington. This duty performed, he was sum-
moned by the Secretary of the Navy, and gave the first
verbal account of the actions in Hampton Roads, by .in
eye-witness, to persons at the seat of government.
Dr. Kershner was then ordered to the Washington
Navy- Yard again, and as soon as the " New Ironsides"
was finished, at Philadelphia, he was ordered to her.
She was the most powerful ship in the navy, and one of
the most powerful in the world at that time. She went to
Hampton Roads, to cover the movements of McCIellan's
arm_\-, and then was ordered to Charleston. The services
of that ship, in storm and battle, are well known. She
succeeded, in spite of gloomy predictions by certain
people. Her history is a most remarkable and interesting
one.
In February, 1S64, Dr. Kershner was transferred to
the monitor " Passaic," and served in her in all the
operations until the June following, when he was ordered
North. In August he went to the Mississippi, serving in
the iron-clad ram " Choctaw," one of the most actively
employed of all Porter's squadron. Here he remained
until the close of the war.
Although in bad health from long exposure to malaria
in the Southern rivers, he passed the examination for
passed assistant surgeon in September, 1865. In Jan-
uary, 1866, he was ordered to the " Tacony," and was on
the Atlantic coast until October, when the officers and
ship's company were transferred to the " Osceola," which
vessel cruised in the West Indies, — suffering much from
fever, and escaping, by a very few days, the great earth-
quake at Santa Cruz, which threw the " Monongahela"
on shore.
He was next most commendably employed in the
cholera epidemic of the receiving-ship "Potomac," at
Philadelphia; and when that was over he went to the
receiving-ship at New York. He was then ordered to
the " Richmond," and cruised in Europe for three years.
He afterwards served at the Naval Hospital, and on the
receiving-ship at New York, being made surgeon in 1872.
In 1874 he sailed in the " Swatara," upon the Transit
of Venus Expedition, acting as photographer and natu-
ralist, and bringing to the " Smithsonian" many specimens
new to science. He remained attached to the " Swatara"
until 1877, when he was ordered to special duty in New
York. After this he was on duty in the " Minnesota"
training-ship, and, after his tour there, was again on
"special duty" in New York, acting at the same time as
professor in the post-graduate school. In 1SS3 he went
to China in the " Omaha," having several epidemics to
encounter. On his return home he served in New York,
being promoted to medical inspector in 1S91. Here he
superintended the building and fitting of the new medical
and surgical office at the navy-yard, where every facility
is offered for professional work, as well as for chemical
examinations of supplies and materials. At present Dr.
Kershner is " waiting orders."
230
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN H. H. KETCHUM. U.S.A.
Captain H. II. Ketchum (Twenty-second Infantry)
was a sun of Henry and Mary A. Ketchum, who were
born in Vermont in 1806. He received an academic
education. Enlisted in [86l in the Sixteenth New York
Volunteers, at the age ol seventeen. He participated in
the Peninsula campaign of the Army of the Potomac,
and was slightly wounded at Gaines' Mill. He contin-
ued in the field with that army through the Maryland
campaign, and was discharged after the battle of Antie-
tam, broken down in health, owing to his youth. When
he regained his health again he enlisted in the First New
York Engineers, and was mustered out of service June
1, 1865.
He was appointed second lieutenant in the Thir-
teenth Infantry on the 23d of February, iS66, and served
at Fort Buford dining the summer of [866, fighting
Indians almost daily during that time. He then served
at Port Dakota until July, 1867. He was promoted
fust lieutenant and served at Fort Sully until 1874, when
he was appointed adjutant Twenty-second Infantry, by
General Stanley. He served in that capacity over twelve
years.
Lieutenant Ketchum was adjutant-general of the Yel-
lowstone expeditions under General Stanley during the
years 1S71 and 1873; had his horse killed under him
in an Indian tight in August, 1 S73, at the mouth of Pig
Horn River, Montana, while serving with General Custer
in the capacity of aide. General Stanley, in a report to the
adjutant-general of the army, says, " I have the honor to
state that on the I ith of August, 1873, the troops under
my command had a severe engagement with the Sioux
Indians on the Yellowstone River, near the mouth of the
Pig Horn. The principal fight was between seven troops
of the Seventh Cavalry, commanded by Lieutenant-
Colonel G. A. Custer, in repelling the attack of at least
fifteen hundred Sioux warriors. First Lieutenant H. II.
Ketchum, adjutant of the Twenty-second Infantry, was
in the thickest of the fight and had his horse killed under
him. His services were gallant and important." Gen-
eral Custer, in a report to General Stanley, says, " I de-
sire to commend to the brevet major-general commanding
First Lieutenant H. II. Ketchum, adjutant Twenty-
second Infantry, acting assistant adjutant-general of the
expedition, but temporarily serving with me, who ren-
dered me great assistance in transmitting my orders on
the battle-field. He had his horse killed under him, and
I had my horse shot at the same time."
In 1874 Lieutenant Ketchum was ordered with his
regiment to the Department of the Lakes. In 1877 he-
was adjutant-general of the troops serving under the
command of Lieutenant-Colonel E. S. Otis, Twenty-
second Infantry, in quelling riots in Pennsylvania. He
was ordered to Texas with his regiment in the spring of
1879, and served at Fort McKavett and Fort Clark
until the fall of [881, when he was ordered on recruiting
service for two years. He rejoined his regiment in the fall
of 1883, at Fort Lewis, Colorado. He was ordered with
his company to quell troubles with the LItes, Navajos, and
settlers on San Juan River, Colorado, in 1883-85. In
1888 he was ordered with his regiment to Fort Keogh,
Montana, and participated in the Sioux campaign of
1890-91. Upon promotion to captaincy, in 1S82, Gen-
eral Stanley paid Captain Ketchum the following com-
pliment :
" I was absent on leave u hen you resigned the ad-
jutancy and left for other duty last year. Upon my
return I intended to write you a letter expressing my
thanks to you, but have kept putting it off until now.
But if it is late, it is earnest. Through twelve eventful
years you served me faithfully and well as adjutant
of the Twenty-second Infantry. On long and weary
marches, in the field, in the excitements of Indian
attacks, during watchful nights, under burning suns
and frosty skies, in many hours of office drudgery, you
were always prompt, always ready, and always faithful
to your commanding officer and to your duty. Twelve
years is a long space in the lifetime of any one, and
especially in the prime of life, and the intimate relations
of colonel and adjutant during that period must lead to
a pretty thorough acquaintance of each other. I hope
that in your case it has left upon you the same feeling of
respect and affection for me that in my case I entertain
for you."
Captain Ketchum has been recommended for brevet
rank for Indian campaigns, and has been favorably men-
tioned by department inspectors to the inspector-general
of the army for efficiency as company commander.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
231
CAPTAIN AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL JUDSON
KILPATRICK, U.S.A.
Captain- and Brevet Major-General Judson Kil-
patrick was born in New Jersey, and graduated at the
Military Academy May 6, 1861. He was promoted
second lieutenant, First Artillery, the same day, and was
appointed captain of the Fifth New York Infantry May 9,
1861. He joined his volunteer regiment at Fort Schuyler,
and was ordered to Fort Monroe, Virginia, from which
point he participated in the expedition to Big Bethel, and
was engaged in the action at that place June 9 and 10,
1 861, where he was wounded. He was on sick-leave of
absence to July 30, and then on recruiting service to
August 14, 1 86 1, when he resigned his volunteer com-
mission.
He was promoted first lieutenant of the hirst Ar-
tillery May 14, [86l, and again appointed to the
volunteer service September 25, 1861, as lieutenant-
colonel of the Second New York Cavalry, which regiment
he assisted in organizing and commanding, and in Feb-
ruary, 1862, was ordered to accompany Brigadier-Gen-
eral Lane's expedition to Texas, as chief of artillery ;
but, it being abandoned, he returned to his regiment at
Arlington, Virginia.
He was appointed lieutenant-colonel (staff aide-de-
camp) January 29, 1862, and participated in the operations
of the Department of the Rappahannock, 1862, being
engaged in skirmishes near Falmouth, Virginia ; move-
ment to Thoroughfare Gap, raids 011 railroads, and skir-
mish at Carmel Church July 2$, 1862. Following this,
he participated in all the campaigns with the Army of
the Potomac until [864, when he was transferred to the
Western army.
He was promoted colonel of the Second New York
Cavalry December 6, 1862, and brigadier-general of
volunteers June 13, 1863, and was in command of a
cavalry brigade, after participating in the battle of
Manassas, in an expedition to Leesburg September 19,
1862. He was on leave of absence and on recruiting
service to January 27, 1863, when he rejoined his com-
mand (the cavalry brigade) and participated in Stone-
man's raid towards Richmond, and engaged in the
combat of Beverly Ford.
In the Pennsylvania campaign General Kilpatrick
commanded a cavalry division, and was engaged in the
action of Aldie, skirmishes at Middleburg, Upperville,
Hanover, Hunterstown, and battle of Gettysburg ; and,
while pursuing the enemy back to Virginia, constant
fighting at Monterey, Smithsburg, Hagerstown, and Fall-
ing Waters, in Jul)-, 1863.
After a short leave of absence he commanded a cavalry
division in the operations in Central Virginia, being
engaged in the expedition to Hartwood Church, to
destroy theenemy's gun-boats " Satellite" and " Reliance,"
in the Rappahannock, August 14, 1863, with actions
at Culpeper, Somerville Ford, Libert}' Mills, James City,
Brandy Station, and Gainesville, in September and Oc-
tober, 1863. He was in command of a cavalry divi-
sion in the spring of 1864, and participated in the raid to
Richmond and down the Virginia Peninsula, being en-
gaged in the action at Ashland ami numerous skirmishes,
with much destruction of the enemy's property.
General Kilpatrick was then transferred to the Western
arm)-, and assigned to the command of the Third Cavalry
Division, Army of the Cumberland. He participated in
the invasion of Georgia, and was engaged in the action
of Ringgold and operations about Dalton, where he was
severely wounded, and compelled to leave the field. But
he returned Jul)- 22, 1864, and, in command of his divi-
sion, was engaged in guarding General Sherman's com-
munications and making raids, with constant heavy
skirmishes with the enemy ; and in the " march to
the sea," in actions at Lovejoy, Walnut Creek, Sylvan
Grove, Rocky Creek, Waynesborough, Salkehatchie,
Monroe's Cross-Roads, Raleigh, and Morristown, April
13. 1865.
Pie was promoted captain, First Artillery, November
30, 1864, and was brevetted from major to major-general
in the regular army for gallant and meritorious services,
and was appointed major-general of volunteers June iS,
1865. He was in command of the Third Division of the
Cavalry Corps, Military Division of the Mississippi, from
April 26 to June 13, 1865, and on leave of absence and
awaiting orders until he resigned.
He resigned his volunteer commission January 1, 1866,
having been appointed United States Envoy Extraor-
dinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Chili in 1865.
He resigned his commission as captain, First U. S. Artil-
lery, October 15, 1867.
112
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND XA W (regular)
GENERAL RUFUS KING, U.S.A. (deceased).
General Rufus King was burn January 26, 1S14,
New York City. Mis father, Charles King, afterwards
editor of the New York American, and for many years
President of Columbia College, was second son of Rufus
King, who for twenty years represented New York State
in the LT. S. Senate, and was twice minister resident at the
Court of St. James. The first of the family to reach
America was Richard King, who came to Boston from
Kent, England, in 1710. Rufus King, the subject of this
sketch, was educated in New York, and thoroughly pre-
pared for West Point, which he entered in 1829, when
less than sixteen, and was graduated in 1S33, standing
fourth in a large class, and being assigned to the Engi-
neer Corps. General King's first duty was as associate
to Lieutenant Robert E. Lee, in the construction of
Fortress Monroe. A year later he was employed on
the survey of the boundary-line between Ohio and
Michigan, and then in the improvement of the naviga-
tion of the Hudson River to September, 1836, when
he was induced to resign and enter into the service of
Erie Railway, then in course of construction. On the
entry into office of William II. Seward as governor of
New York, in 1839, he appointed King adjutant- general
of the State. Lor four years King served as adjutant-
general, and mean time, inheriting his journalistic tastes
and talents from his father, he became associate editor
of the Albany Evening Journal, with Thurlow Weed
as his chief and mentor. In [845, he removed with his
wife and infant son to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and became
editor, and later proprietor, of the Milwaukee Sentinel,
which at once took rani; as the leading newspaper of
Wisconsin. King remaining at the helm almost to the out-
break of the war of the Rebellion. He was a member
of the Constitutional Convention of Wisconsin in 1847-
48.
Regent of the University of Wisconsin from 1848 to
1861 ; superintendent of the public schools of Milwaukee
from 1S49 to 1 86 1 ; member of the Board of Visitors
to West Point in 1S49; was associated with Wisconsin
militia, as captain of the long famous Milwaukee
Light-Guard, colonel of the First Regiment, and major-
general of the State troops. In March, 1861, ap-
pointed by President Lincoln minister resident to the
Court of Rome, he was in New York City with his
family awaiting the sailing of the steamer, when the news
came of the attack on Sumter, and he at once begged
for service in the field; was sent to Wisconsin to organ-
ize the regiments tendered for the war; commissioned*
brigadier-general of the Wisconsin volunteers May 7,
and brigadier-general of the LT. S. Volunteers May 17,
and in July was ordered to Washington as president of
a court-martial, and then in the organization of the
first brigade of Western troops serving in the Army of
the Potomac, a brigade which later became famous as the
"Iron Brigade of the West." A month was spent in
drill at Cam]) Kalorama ; then the brigade marched to
Chain Brigade, and later to Arlington, where it con-
sisted of the Second, Sixth, and Seventh Wisconsin, and
the Nineteenth Indiana, and where King was promoted
to the command of a fine division, with J. P. Hatch,
Doubleday, Patrick', and Gibbon as his brigade com-
manders.
He accompanied the advance on Manassas, was
later ordered to Fredericksburg, and, as the Third
Division of McDowell's corps, guarded the line of
Rappahannock while McClellan was battling on the
Peninsula. In August the division hurried forward to
the support of Pope at Cedar Mountain; took part
in the ill-starred campaign of second Bull Run; was
swung to and fro from one flank to the other along the
Rapidan ; was heavily engaged, all unsupported, with
Jackson's Corps on the evening of August 28, a fight in
which the Iron Brigade lost forty per cent, in killed and
wounded ; and on the following day, as the result of ex-
posure and fatigue. King was prostrated by severe illness
and sent in to Washington. After his sick-leave he com-
manded a division in the defences of the Capital to
November j;, 186 J, when detailed member of the court
for the trial of Fit/. John Porter; commanded the de-
fences of Yorktown from March until after Gettysburg,
[863; was then ordered to Fairfax, Virginia, command-
ing division until October JO, when, his health being
grievously impaired, and upon notification from the
President that his services were urgently needed at
Rome, he resigned his generalship and went at once to
his post near the Papal Court, retaining it until the
abolition of the mission in Inly, 1867, when he re-
turned to the United States.
1876.
He died October
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
^-11
CAPTAIN ADAM KRAMER, U.S.A.
Captain Adam Kramer (Sixth Cavalry) was born in
Germany October 15, 1837 ; came to America while quite
young and settled in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He en-
listed in the mounted service, at Philadelphia, May 16,
1857, and remained at the recruiting depot, Carlisle Bar-
racks, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, until July, 1857, when he
was assigned to Company F, Second Dragoons, then
stationed at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. He served with
the regiment in Kansas until September of that year,
when it was ordered to Utah. He served in Utah during
the Salt Lake Expedition and in Nebraska until i86i,at
which time the regiment was ordered to Washington,
D. C. He was with the Army of the Potomac until dis-
charged, May 16, 1862.
Captain Kramer re-enlisted in Philadelphia August 25,
1862, in Company I, Fifteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry ; he
was made a sergeant October 30, 1862, and first sergeant
November 1, 1862. He was promoted first lieutenant
March I, 1863, and became a captain May 8, 1863, and
was with the regiment until the close of the Rebellion.
He participated in the following battles and engagements,
viz. : Siege of Yorktown, Virginia; battles of Antietam,
Maryland; Murfreesborough, Tennessee; Chickamauga,
Georgia, and numerous minor engagements of the regi-
ment. He was mustered out with his regiment, the
Fifteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, June 21, 1865.
The following indorsement on Captain Kramer's appli-
cation for a commission in the regular army was made
by Colonel William I. Palmer:
" Captain Adam Kramer enlisted in my regiment (the
Fifteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry) in August, 1862, after
already serving out a five-years' enlistment in the reg-
ular cavalry. He continued to serve in my regiment,
brigade, and division until the end of the war. ... I
had occasion frequently to select him to command sep-
arate expeditions of importance, in several of which he
greatly distinguished himself, so as to earn the special
commendation of Major-General George H. Thomas, as
is shown in the accompanying highly laudator}- letter
of that officer. Captain Kramer is very brave, faithful,
and experienced, and should not be lost to the cavalry
service."
General Garfield indorsed this as follows: "I cheer-
fully concur in the above recommendation. Such a
man as Captain Kramer ought not to be lost to the
service."
Major Morrow, the President's private secretary, in-
dorsed as follows : " Having been on the staff of Major-
General Stoneman during the time the Fifteenth Penn-
sylvania Cavalry was under his command, I can bear
testimony to Captain Kramer's excellent reputation as a
brave and skilful officer, and I would be glad to learn of
his appointment in the regular service."
3°
Captain Kramer was appointed a second lieutenant
of the Second U. S. Colored Cavalry December 7, 1865,
and was stationed at Brazos Santiago, Texas. He was
mustered out February 12, 1866. He then received
his appointment as second lieutenant, Sixth U. S.
Cavalry, to date from April 27, 1866; was promoted
first lieutenant December 12, 1866, and captain August
1, 1S74.
He was stationed in Texas until 1870, when he availed
himself of a leave of absence from September, 1870, to
February, 1871, during part of which time he was with
the German army in the Franco-Prussian War.
He was engaged in the following affairs with the Indians
(with his troop) : At Ash Creek, Arizona Territory, May
7, 1880; also at Chevalon's Fork of the Little Colorado
River, Arizona Territory, the campaign against the Sioux
of 1891 and 1 892, and various others.
Captain Kramer received special commendation from
Brevet Major-General Grierson, commanding the District
of New Mexico, in his special report on the removal of
the intruders from the Jicarillo Indian Reservation of
New Mexico, in these words :
" It is a pleasure to acknowledge my indebtedness
to Captain Adam Kramer, commanding Troops E and
F, Sixth Cavalry, and the officers and soldiers under
his command, for the alacrity with which the impor-
tant duties devolving upon them were carried out.
Detachments were carefully and promptly furnished,
and Lieutenants Cruse and Gallagher, and the men sent
out under their charge, endured without a murmur
the hardship of long marches and arduous work re-
quired in the removal of intruders and their stock from
the Jicarillo Reservation. The efficient and valuable ser-
vice rendered while under my command, by those well-
disciplined and deserving troops, is worthy of the highest
praise."
254
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
MAJOR JOHN ALEXANDER KRESS, U.S.A.
Major John Alexander Kress (Ordnance Depart-
ment) was bom in Pennsylvania November 4, 1839,
and was appointed a cadet at the Military Academy
from Laporte, Indiana, in June, 1858, but he resigned
October iS, 1 861, to serve as aide-de-camp on the staff
of Brigadier-General James S. Wadsworth, in the Army
of the Potomac. He was appointed first lieutenant of the
Twenty-fifth New York Infantry for that purpose No-
vember 1, [861, and performed duty in that position
until Jul)- 9, 1862, when he was promoted major of the
Ninety-fourth New York Infantry, and participated with
that regiment in General Pope's campaign of 1862, being
engaged at the battle of Cedar Mountain and Rap-
pahannock Crossing, Virginia. He commanded the
regiment at the battle of Fredericksburg, Virginia, De-
cember 1 1—14, 1862, it forming part of General Gibbon's
division.
Major Kress was promoted lieutenant-colonel of the
Ninety-fourth New York Infantry November i, 1862, and
made acting inspector-general of the First Division of
the First Army Corps, serving in that capacity during
the Rappahannock and Pennsylvania campaigns of 1863,
having been engaged in the battles of Chancellorsville,
Virginia, and Gettysburg, Pennsylvania,
Colonel Kress entered the regular service as a second
lieutenant of ordnance November 24, [863, ami resigned
his commission in the volunteer service to accept his
appointment December 1 1, 1863. He was first stationed
at Fortress Monroe, Virginia, where he remained until
September, 1864, when he was assigned as chief ordnance
officer of the Ami)- of the James and of the Department
of Virginia and North Carolina, and performed the duties
of that office until June, 1865. He was promoted first
lieutenant of ordnance July 16, 1864, and served as act-
ing inspector-general of the Twenty-fifth Army Corps
from April to May, 1865.
He was honorably mentioned by the major-general
commanding the First Corps, in his official report, for
meritorious conduct at the battle of Gettysburg, Penn-
sylvania, July 1-4, 1863, and at the close of the war
was made brevet captain April 2, 1865, for "gallant and
meritorious services during the siege of Richmond and
Petersburg, Virginia," and brevet major April 3, 1865,
"for meritorious and distinguished services as chief ord-
nance officer."
After the fall of Richmond he was ordered in June,
1865, to Rock Island Arsenal, Illinois, where he remained
until July, 1S67, when he was transferred to the Alle-
gheny Arsenal, at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. Serving at
this post until April, 1871, his field of duty was changed
to the Pacific coast, and while commanding at Vancouver
Arsenal, Washington, was chief ordnance officer of the
Department of the Columbia, retaining this position
until 1SS2. While on this duty he commanded a gun-
boat, with sixty men, on the Upper Columbia River in
Jul}-, 187S, and was engaged skirmishing with hostile
Indians, preventing their escape from the forces com-
manded by General Howard.
Lieutenant Kress was promoted to a captaincy July 16,
1S74, ami, upon being relieved from duty in the Depart-
ment of the Columbia in 1882, was ordered to San An-
tonio Arsenal, which he commanded, and was also
chief ordnance officer of the Department of Texas. On
November 5, (883, he was relieved and ordered to
Indianapolis, where he commanded the arsenal at that
point until July, 1886. On January 3, 1887, he was
promoted major, and he commanded the St. Louis
powder-depot from July, 1886, to December, 1887,
when he was again ordered to the Pacific coast, doing
duty at Benicia Arsenal to September, 1890, at which
time he was transferred to Rock Island Arsenal, Illinois,
where he remained until November 1 8, 1S90, when he
was assigned to the command of the St. Louis powder-
depot, which is now his present station.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
>35
COLONEL LOOMIS L. LANGDON, U.S.A.
Colonel Loomis L. Laxgdox (First Artillery) was
born in New York, and graduated from the Military
Academy July i, 1854, when he was promoted brevet
second lieutenant of artillery, and served in garrison at
Fort Monroe, Virginia. He was promoted second lieu-
tenant of the First Artillery August 21, 1854, and par-
ticipated in the Florida hostilities against the Seminole
Indians during the years 1854-56, being engaged in
action, in command of the advanced guard attacking
Bill}- Bowlegs in his village (" Billy's Town"), in the heart
of the Big Cypress Swamp, April 7, 1856.
From 1857 to 1S60 Lieutenant Langdon was on fron-
tier duty in Texas, and was at Fort Brown during the
yellow-fever epidemic, which carried off half the com-
mand, in the latter part of 1S58. He was also in the
yellow-fever epidemic of 1859 at Brownsville. In
1859-60 he received the public thanks of the citizens of
Brownsville, for organizing them into a defensive force,
and assisting them " to defend their lives and property"
from the attacks of the outlaw Cortinas and his band.
He was promoted first lieutenant July 13, i860, and
captain Aug. 28, 1861, serving in defence of Fort Pickens,
Florida, from Feb. 7, 1861 , to Jan. 7, 1 S62, being engaged
in the repulse of the attack on Santa Rosa Island, anil in
command of the mortar battery at Fort Pickens during
the two bombardments of that place, Nov. 22, 23, 1862.
Captain Langdon's field of duty was changed to South
Carolina, and he participated in the operations about
Charleston from June 20, 1862, to Feb. 5, 1864, and was
engaged (commanding field and siege batteries) in the de-
scent on and capture of Morris Island from Folly Island.
He also participated in the siege of Fort Wagner in com-
mand of siege and field batteries, and commanded the
artillery brigade and his own light battery (M), First Ar-
tillery, in the expedition under General Seymour to Flor-
ida, being engaged in the battle of Olustee, Feb. 20, 1864,
for which he was made brevet major " for gallant and
meritorious services." As chief of artillery, First Divi-
sion, Tenth Army Corps, Captain Langdon participated
in the operations on James River, Virginia, from Bermuda
Hundred, from May 5 to Sept. 28, 1864, and was en-
gaged in the actions at Howlett's House and Weir Bottom
Church, assault and capture of the enemy's defences near
Chester Station, and the capture of the right of the ene-
my's intrenchments ; he was also engaged in the battle
of Drury's Bluff, in defence of the Bermuda Hundred in-
trenchments, and siege of Petersburg. He was in com-
mand of Battery M, First Artillery (light), in the opera-
tions before Richmond, from Sept. 29, 1864, to March 2j,
1865, being engaged in the assault and capture of New
Market Heights, and in the repulse of the attack on the
Federal position on the New Market Road. He was chief
of artillery of the Twenty-fifth Army Corps (Army of the
James) from Feb. 14 to June 18, 1865, participating in the
capture of Richmond April 3, 1865, and superintended
the batteries of the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth
Corps in collecting the field artillery abandoned by the
enemy — over three hundred guns — in the earthworks
around Richmond. Captain Langdon was made brevet
lieutenant-colonel Sept. 29, 1864, "for gallant and meri-
torious services in the attack on Fort Gilmer, Virginia."
At the conclusion of the war of the Rebellion, Captain
Langdon, as chief of artillery, accompanied General Weit-
zel's expedition to the Rio Grande, as chief of artillery
and assistant inspector-general, to recover munitions of
war sold to the Imperialists under Maximilian, in Mex-
ico, by the Confederates, from June to August, 1865, on
the conclusion of which duty he was granted a sick-leave
of absence, though he rejoined his command at Browns-
ville, Texas, in November of that year. His station was
changed to New York harbor in Jan., I.S66, and from
April 21 to Oct. 20, 1867, he was on leave of absence in
Europe. From 1S67 to the present time Colonel Lang-
don's duty has called him to numerous important posi-
tions, and his service has been at posts in various parts of
the country, mainly in the Southern States. He was pro-
moted major of the Second Artillery March 20, 1879,
and lieutenant-colonel of the same regiment Dec. 1, 1S83.
He has been engaged in the suppression of election dis-
turbances, the suppression of railroad riots, and has been
on several occasions inspector of militia encampments, as
well as a member of important courts and boards, all of
which are too numerous to detail in this limited sketch.
He was promoted colonel of the First Artillery Jan. 25,
1889, joining it at San Francisco, and with his regiment
was transferred to New York harbor in May, 1890. He
took station at Fort Hamilton, where he is now in com-
mand of his regiment, that garrisons all the forts in New
York harbor.
236
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NA VY {regular)
REAR-ADMIRAL JAMES L. LARDNER, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Rear-Admiral James L. Lardner, belonging to a
well-known Pennsylvania family, entered the navy from
tint State in May, 1820. As midshipman he made a
long cruise in the Pacific, — first in the schooner" Dol-
phin," anil then in the " Franklin," eighty-gun ship, and
flag-ship of Commodore Stewart. His next service was
in the appropriately-named new frigate " Brandywine,"
which carried home General La Fayette, the " nation's
guest." The vessel afterwards went t'> the Mediterranean,
hut came back in 1820, and became the flag-ship of
Commodore Jacob Jones in the Pacific. In that ship, in
the schooner " Dolphin," and in the " Yinccnnes," he
served until June, 1830, nearly three years of that time
being navigator of the " Yinccnnes," in which he circum-
navigated the globe. Commissioned lieutenant May 17,
1828. In [832 was attached to the schooner " Experi-
ment," and in 1833-34 served in the " Delaware," eighty-
gun ship, flag-ship of Commodore Patterson, in the
Mediterranean. In 1837—38 served in the razee " Inde-
pendence" (sixty), Commodore Nicholson, and in her
went to Russia, England, and Brazil. He went to the
Pacific in the sloop " Cyane" in [841 ; was transferred to
the frigate " United States," ami served in her as first
lieutenant for nearly three years. He then commanded
the receiving-ship at Philadelphia, and in 1850 went out
to the coast of Africa in command of the brig " Porpoise."
He was made commander in 1851, and transferred, on
the station, to the sloop-of-war " Dale." He came home
in her in 1 853. He next served as fleet-captain of the
West India Squadron, anil in i860 was attached to the
Philadelphia Navy-Yard. In May, 1861, he was commis-
sioned as captain, and in September of that eventful year
was ordered to the command of the steam-frigate "Sus-
quehanna," of the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron.
He blockaded the coasts of Smith Carolina and Georgia,
and was at Port Royal, for which his name was included
by President Lincoln in the recommendation for a vote
of thanks by Congress. This vote passed the House, but
was thrown out in the Senate. Port Royal was one of
the first naval successes, and Flag-Officer Dupont ad-
dressed Captain Lardner a letter upon his conduct then,
of which the following is an extract: " I enclose a gen-
eral order, to be read to the officers and men of the
' Susquehanna,' and I take the occasion to say that your
noble ship, throughout the whole of the battle, was pre-
cisely where I wanted her to be, and doing precisely what
I wanted her to do, and that your close support of this
ship (flag-ship ' Wabash') was a very gallant thing."
In May, 1862, Captain Lardner assumed command of
the F.ast Gulf Blockading Squadron, but was obliged to
return home in December, invalided by a severe attack of
yellow fever at Key West. In the previous summer he
lost, from yellow fever, forty gallant officers and men
from his flag-ship alone. In May, 1863, as acting rear-
admiral, he took command of the West India Squadron,
and retained it until the squadron was withdrawn in
October, 1864. He was commissioned commodore in
Jul_\', 1S62; commissioned rear-admiral July, 1866; on
special duty from 1864 to 1869; and governor of the
Naval Asylum at Philadelphia, 1869-71. He died in
Philadelphia April 12, 1881.
Admiral Lardner was a particularly handsome man,
with high-bred look anil manner. He retained a youthful
figure and alert and active manner until his death. He
was a noticeable person, whether in uniform or in plain
clothes, and an excellent exemplar of the best class of
officers of the " old navy."
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
'-37
CHIEF ENGINEER EDWARD B. LATCH, U.S.N.
(retired).
Chief Engineer Edward B. Latch was born in
Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, November 15, 1833.
Having a taste for mechanics, he entered the locomotive
works of the well-known firm of Norris Brothers, of
Philadelphia, and passed five years there in the ma-
chinery and draughting departments. By the recom-
mendation of Mr. Richard Norris, he was appointed a
third assistant engineer in the navy in September, 1858,
and was ordered to the steamer "Atalanta," which vessel
formed part of the Paraguay Expedition. On her return,
Engineer Latch was ordered to the steamer " Sumter,"
in which he served on the west coast of Africa, in
1860-61. In the latter part of 186 1 he was promoted
to second assistant engineer.
He next served in the celebrated flag-ship " Hartford,"
under Admiral Farragut, and was present at the engage-
ments of Forts Jackson and St. Philip, and the Chalmette
batteries, which led to the capture of New Orleans. He
was also present on the two occasions when the " Hart-
ford" ran the gauntlet of the Vicksburg batteries ; at
the affair of the ram " Arkansas ;" and at the passage of
Port Hudson. Before Port Hudson fell, the chief engi-
neer of the " Hartford" was detached, and Engineer
Latch was ordered to take charge of the " Hartford's"
machinery. When we consider the difficulty of main-
taining machinery in fighting order, without having
access to machine-shops or repairing stations, this
showed an unusual mark of confidence in the ability of
an officer of junior grade. Engineer Latch retained his
charge until the " Hartford" steamed into New York
harbor, bearing Admiral Farragut's flag. Of all the
ships of his fleet, the " Hartford" was — as he said him-
self— the home of the admiral; and when he went South
again, for the Mobile campaign, the " Hartford" bore his
flag at her mizzen-top-mast head. In the "Hartford''
Engineer Latch again fought under Farragut at Mobile
Bay, and the numerous minor engagements in that
quarter. After the capture of the ram " Tennessee," En-
gineer Latch was ordered in temporary charge of her
machinery.
After the war he served in the East India Squadron,
and at the Naval Academy. Promoted chief engineer
1870; "Congress," special service, 1870-72; Board of
Inspection, 1873-75 ; sick-leave, 1876-77; and retired in
1878.
Chief Engineer Latch's forefathers took up land in
Montgomery County nearly two hundred years ago, and
his grandfather served in the Revolution, rising to the
rank of major. Another branch settled nearer to Phila-
delphia, and were allied with the De Monseaus, who,
after the revocation of the edict of Nantes, settled at
Frankford, near Philadelphia.
Since his retirement, Mr. Latch has been engaged in
writing upon Biblical subjects, principally, much of which
has been published.
He now resides at Overbrook, Pennsylvania, en a
portion of an estate which has been in his family for
five generations.
238
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
CAPTAIN PETER LEARY, JR., U.S.A.
Captain Peter Leaky, Jk. (Fourth Artillery), was
born September 15, 1840, in Baltimore, Maryland. When
the Civil War began he was a student of law. lie was
commissioned second lieutenant in the Baltimore Battery
of Light Artillery, Maryland Volunteers, in August, 1862,
and continued in service until honorably mustered out in
June, 1865, having been engaged in the actions which
inaugurated the Gettysburg campaign at Berryville, June
12; Opequan Creek, June 13; Winchester, June 14. and
Martinsburg Pike, June 1 5, [863. I Ie participated in the
Maryland campaign of 1864, and was present in action
on Catoctin Mountain, Jul}- 7 ; at Frederick, July 8, and
Monocacy, July 9, and was engaged in the pursuit of
the Confederate army under Early from Washington to
Leesburg in Jul)* and August of that year.
lie was appointed second lieutenant Fourth U. S. Ar-
tillery July 2, IS6J, and assigned to Light Battery P>,
which he joined September 6 at Fort Harker, Kansas.
In November the batter}' marched to Fort Leavenworth,
where it remained until the spring of 1S69, when it was
ordered to Port Riley. In April, 1X69, he was placed on
special duty on the Sac and Fox Reservation in Kansas,
under instructions from Major-General Schofield, con-
cerning the removal of settlers from that reservation.
Rejoining tlie battery early in June, he immediately joined
Light Batteries K, First Artillery, and C, Third Artillery,
mounted .is cavalry, under command of Captain William
M.Graham, First Artillery, scouting the valley of the
Republican River for hostile Indians, performing the staff
duties of tlie expedition.
He was promoted first lieutenant to date from January
24. 1873, and on April 1 joined Miller's battery in the
field against the Modoc Indians, taking part in the
igements in the Lava Beds of April 15. lie com-
manded an escort of nineteen men in an engagement in
the pedregal April 20, in which he had one man killed
and one wounded, repulsing the attack and assuring the
safety of the convoy. For good conduct in this cam-
paign he was nominated by the President to be captain
by brevet.
On June 17, 1877, he went into the field again with
Miller's batter}' in the campaign against the hostile Nez
Perces, under their able war-chief Joseph, and was ap-
pointed field-quartermaster and acting chief commissary
of subsistence of General Howard's command. On July
13, Major George H. Weeks, quartermaster, having re-
ported for duty, he was relieved as field-quartermaster,
continuing on duty as acting chief commissar}- until the
end of the campaign. He was in the engagements of
Julv 11 and 12 on the Clearwater, and in the skirmish of
Julv 13, [877, at Kamiah, and was honorably mentioned
in General Howard's report of the campaign in the fol-
lowing terms: "I wish to make special mention of the
following officers who have served under my command
during the late expedition against the hostile Nez Perces.
. . . First Lieutenant Peter Leary, Jr., Fourth Artillery.
He discharged the duties of chief commissar)' officer to
the forces in the field, operating under my immediate
command, during the entire campaign. He was always
active and energetic, giving his entire attention to his
important duties, and deserves commendation for the very
satisfactory manner in which they were performed."
In garrison at Fort Point, California; Fort Canby,
Washington Territory ; Madison Barracks, New York ;
Fort Warren, Massachusetts (part of the time ordnance
officer and acting assistant quartermaster and acting
commissar)' subsistence of post ), from Ma}', I S80, to Sep-
tember 20, 1885. < >n October 1, 1885, assigned to and
on duty with Light Patter}- Fat Fort Snelling, Minne-
sota, from October 1, 1885, to March, 1887.
Captain Leary was graduated from the Artillery School
in 1SS0. He has twice, under orders from the Secretary
of War, inspected the National Guard of Vermont in
their summer encampments of 1888 and 1889. In P'eb-
ruary, 1890, he was detailed as professor of military sci-
ence and tactics in the Agricultural College of South
Dakota, and was promoted captain August 28, 1891.
Captain Leary is the eldest son of Cornelius L. L.
Lear}', of Baltimore, who represented the Third Con-
gressional District of Maryland in the Thirty-seventh
Congress from 1861 to [S63, and is a brother of Com-
mander Richard P. Leary, U. S. Navy.
Captain Leary was appointed private secretary to
Thomas Swann, Governor of Maryland, in January, 1866,
and was subsequently commissioned aide-de-camp to the
governor, with the rank of colonel, from May 20, 181,7,
to July 31, 1867, when he resigned to enter the U.S.
Army.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
239
REAR-ADMIRAL SAMUEL PHILLIPS LEE, U.S.N.
(retired).
Rear-Admiral Samuel Phillips Lee, born in Virginia,
was appointed midshipman in 1825. Commanding the
" Vandalia" under orders to the Fast Indies, and learning
at Cape Town of the Rebellion, he brought his command
back to the support of the Union. I lis services in the
early blockade of Charleston in that ship were valuable.
Under Farragut, in the " < )neida," he commanded the
guard division, was in the gun-boat action with the forts,
and at the passage of the forts captured " Kennon" and
officers and men, the only captures from the rebel fleet
that day; was second on both passages of the Vicksburg
batteries. Ordered to command the North Atlantic
Blockading Squadron, September 2, 1862. Secretary
Welles, in his two next annual reports, states, "Acting
Rear- Admiral Lee, in command, has faithfully and ably
discharged his duties in a position of great responsibility,
and in some respects of great embarrassment. All inter-
course with the rebels has been cut off, with the single
exception of the port of Wilmington, of two inlets forty
miles apart, flanked with extensive batteries, where some
of the fastest steamers have run by under cover of dark-
ness. This port could not be closed without a co-oper-
ating land force, and there has been no time within the
last two years when the navy has not been ready and
anxious to perform its part. There were ninety-one
affairs and expeditions in co-operation with the army or
independently ; fifty-four steamers were captured or de-
stroyed during his command." Lee's system of steam-
blockade, original and effective, was adopted by his
successor, ami will be an instruction for the future.
De Joinvillc says, " Many persons believe the rigor of
the blockade the primary cause of the subjection of
the South." Lee, assigned to the Mississippi Squadron,
took command November 1. Hood with a large
army was moving to attack Thomas before he could
concentrate. Lee promptly stationed the vessels on
the Mississippi to prevent Kirby Smith's forces from
joining Hood's.
Sent two iron-clads to the Cumberland to support
Thomas, and protect his communications, and followed
in the hastily-prepared iron-clad "Cincinnati;" was
stopped, by low water on Harpeth Shoals, at Clarksville,
where Thomas and Fitch had asked an iron-clad should
be stationed, to prevent Hood from crossing for the
Ohio, about which Giant was anxious. The river rose
barely enough to allow Fitch to move the gun-boats and
assist the army to turn the enemy's left in the battle of
the 15th, but not enough to make Harpeth Shoals pass-
able until three days later. Fitch desired to remain on
the Cumberland and retain an iron-clad. Lee hurried
up the Tennessee to cut off Hood's escape at Duck-
River, or at Florence, at the foot of the shoals heretofore
considered the head of steamboat navigation, where Hood
had crossed last fall. All visible means of crossing were
destroyed. The operations of the squadron forced Hood
to cross six miles up on Muscle Shoals, where the
iron-clads could not reach the enemy. Hood says he
crossed Duck River on the 19th, "proceeded on dif-
ferent roads," and " entertained but little concern in
regard to being further harassed by the enemy."
"Therefore continued to march leisurely, and arrived
at Bainbridge on the 25th." His army mostly restored
itself to citizenship. The defeat of Hood's army by
the Army of the Cumberland, with the co-operation
<>f the Mississippi Squadron, virtually ended the war,
and left only ceremonial proceedings for the custom-
house selvage of the Southern States and the Trans-
Mississippi. General Lee was unable to hold or leave
his trenches, and General Sherman wrote that Fort
Fisher would fall with his advance. Charleston, strongly
fortified, so fell. General Thomas telegraphed to Ad-
miral Lee, "Your co-operation on the Tennessee River
has contributed largely to the demoralization of Hood's
army, and it gives me great pleasure to tender to you,
your officers and men, my hearty thanks fir your cordial
co-operation during the operations of the last thirty
days." The war was over; Admiral Lee closed up all
the affairs of the Mississippi Squadron except selling
the vessels. Secretary Welles wrote, June 19, "Acting
Rear-Admiral Lee is so correct and accurate a busi-
ness-man, that I know he would wish himself to close
up the final affairs of the squadron he has commanded
with so much ability and with such indefatigable in-
dustry." Detached August 14. Promoted to commo-
dore July 25, 1866. Promoted to rear-admiral April
22, 1870. Commanded North Atlantic Squadron two
years. Retired February 13, 1873. He was devoted
to duty and just in command.
240
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NA VY (regular)
REAR-ADMIRAL WILLIAM E. LE ROY, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Rear-Admiral William E. Le Roy was born in New
York March 24, 1S1.X. Appointed from New York
January 1 1, 1832 ; attached to frigate " Delaware," Med-
iterranean Squadron, 1833—36 ; brig "Dolphin," Brazil
Squadron, 1S37-3S. Promoted to passed midshipman
June 23, 1838; frigate "Constitution," Pacific Squad-
ron, 1839-40; store-ship " Erie," 1S42-43. Commis-
sioned as lieutenant July 13, 1 843; steamer "Missis-
sippi," Home Squadron, 1S46; steamer "Princeton,"
Home Squadron, 1847; engagement with Mexican sol-
diers at Rio Aribiqua, while assisting to water the
"Princeton;" sloop "Savannah," Pacific Squadron,
1849-51; waiting-orders, 1852; frigate "Savannah,"
Brazil Squadron, 1853-55 ! Naval Station, Sackett's Har-
bor, New York, 1857-58; frigate "Sabine," Brazil
Squadron, 1S59; commanding steamer " Mystic," coast
of Africa, 1861. Commissioned as commander July 1,
1861 ; commanding steamer "Keystone State," South
Atlantic Blockading Squadron, 1862-63; capture of
Fernandina, 1862; engagement with iron-clads off
Charleston, South Carolina, January, 1863 ; commanding
steam-sloop "Oneida," Western Gulf Squadron, 1864;
commanding steam-sloop " Ossipee," Western Gulf
Squadron, 1864-65; commanded the " Ossipee" at the
battle of Mobile Bay, August 5, 1864; his vessel was
struck many times, but, fortunately, not disabled. When
about running down the " Tennessee," that vessel dis-
played a white flag, and Captain Le Roy received her
surrender from Captain Johnson, her commander, the
rebel Admiral Buchanan being wounded ; naval ren-
dezvous, New York, 1866-67.
Commissioned as captain Jul}' 25, 1866; fleet-captain
European Squadron, under Admiral Farragut, 1867-
68. Commissioned as commodore July, 1870; special
duty, New London, 1N71 ; senior officer Board of Ex-
aminers, 1872-73. Commissioned as rear-admiral April
5, 1874; commanding South Atlantic Station, 1874-
76; commanding European Station, 1878-80. Died,
1888.
Admiral Le Roy was a man of such singularly happy
temperament and urbane manners, that every one who
came in contact with him became fond of him. There
were few men in the navy more generally beloved. At
the same time he was a strict disciplinarian, and a fine
type of the naval officer, impressing foreigners, as well as
our own people, by his correct and courteous bearing
on all occasions.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
241
CAPTAIN BENJAMIN C. LOCKWOOD, U.S.A.
Captain Benjamin C. Lockwood (Twenty-second In-
fantry) was born in Kentucky February 28, 1 X44. He
entered the military service as a private in Company F,
Sixth Kentucky Infantry, October 2, 1 86 1 , and served
during the war of the Rebellion in the armies of the
West.
He was appointed second lieutenant of the Fifty-
fourth Kentucky Infantry September 30, 1864, and was
honorably mustered out September 1, 1865. He was
engaged during the war of the Rebellion in the battles
of Shiloh, Cumberland Gap, Charlestown, Chickasaw
Bayou, Arkansas Post, siege of Vicksburg, Pound Gap,
Saltville, Marion Heights, Aberdeen, Zollicoffer, Lead-
ville (North Carolina), Bardstown (Kentucky), and with
guerillas in the remainder of his war-service.
Captain Lockwood entered the regular service as a
second lieutenant of the Thirty-first Infantry March 7,
1867, and joined his company, and was engaged in skir-
mishes with Indians in 1808 at Fort Totten; in 1S68-69
at Fort Buford ; and in [869 at Fort Stevenson; also
on Yellowstone River in [876, and Tongue River in
1877.
He was transferred to the Twenty-second Infantry
May 15, 1869, and served at Fort Rice, Dakota, [869 ; at
Fort Randall, Dakota, 1872—73 ; with his company to re-
inforce General Terry at the mouth of Rosebud Creek in
1876; participated in the campaigns of General Terry
and General Miles against hostile Indians dining the years
of 1876-77 ; on sick-leave from June, 1877, to November,
1S77, when he joined Company G at Fort Porter, New
York. He moved with his company to Texas in 1879;
served at Fort McKavett until July, 1880, when he was
transferred to command Company B, and served there
until January, 188 1. He was at Fort Duncan until Oc-
tober, 1881 ; at Fort Clark until October, 1882; on leave
until May, 1883; and rejoined his company at Fort Lewis,
Colorado, 1884. He was then detailed on recruiting ser-
vice from 1887 to 1889; and was promoted captain June
2, 1889, when he joined Company I at Fort Abraham
Lincoln, Dakota, in October, 1889.
Captain Lockwood was post adjutant at Fort Totten,
Dakota, hum July, 1867, to December, 1867; acting
assistant quartermaster and acting commissar)' of sub-
sistence at Port Buford, Dakota, from October, 1868, to
June, 1869; post adjutant at Fort Stevenson from June,
1869, to October, 1869; post adjutant at Fort Randall,
Dakota, from August, [870, to Jul)-, 1871 ; post adjutant
at Lower Brule Agency from Jul)-, 1871, to September,
1 Sj2 ; post adjutant at Fort Randall, Dakota, from May,
1873, to June, 1874; acting assistant quartermaster and
acting commissar)- of subsistence at Fort Brady, Michi-
gan, from May, 1875, to May, 1876; acting commissary
of subsistence at Fort Lewis, Colorado, 1884-85; post
adjutant at Columbus Barracks, Ohio, from 1887 to
June 2, 1889.
Upon the consolidation of Company I, Twenty-second
Infantry, Captain Lockwood was ordered to Fort Keogh,
Montana (his present station), and subsequently assigned
to Company D, Twenty-second Infantry.
3i
242
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY regular)
EX-PAYMASTER-GENERAL THOMAS H. LOOKER,
U.S.N, (retired).
Ex-Paymaster- General Thomas H. Looker was born
in Ohio, and has been for many years a resident of the
District of Columbia. He originally entered the navy
as a midshipman in November, 1846, and served with
credit throughout the Mexican War in several expedi-
tions on the coast and up rivers. ( >n account of ill
health, incident to hard service, he resigned in 1852.
Paymaster Looker's record while serving as a line-
officer in the navy was most creditable, and his standing
in his class rendered it certain that, had his health not
broken down, he would have been just as successful in
the line as he had been in the staff. However, later in
his career, the knowledge gained as a line-officer proved
of great benefit to him and to the service.
In August, 1853, he was appointed a purser in the
navy. Attached to brig " Bainbridge," Brazil Squadron,
'853-56; sloop-of-war "Portsmouth," East India Squad-
ron, 1857-58; steamer "Brooklyn," Home Squadron,
1858-60; and in the same ship in 1861, in the Atlantic
and Gulf Squadrons, conveying troops and assisting in
saving Fort Pickens, and instituting the blockade off the
mouths of the Mississippi.
From 1 86 1 to 1863 he was paymaster in charge of
supplies North Atlantic Blockading Squadron, and was,
as a volunteer, in the memorable action between the
" Merrimac" and the " Monitor" and squadron at Hamp-
ton Roads, Virginia, in 1862.
Luring 1864, Paymaster Looker was temporarily on
important duty in Baltimore. It will thus be seen that
Paymaster Looker was actively engaged during the
entire period of the Civil War, and his creditable services
then hail much to do with his appointment afterwards
to the head of his corps.
In 1865 he was ordered to the " Powhatan," on the
South Pacific Station, and became fleet-paymaster to
1 808. From [869 to 1S72 he was in charge of the
Naval Pay-Office at Baltimore, ami then served a term
.it the navy-yard at Washington. Then he was ordered
to the Pay-( Iffice in Baltimore again. In 1877-78 he
was "Assistant to the Secretary of the Navy." From
1878 to 1 88 2 he was general inspector of the pay corps
of the navy. He was then stationed at the Pay-( )ffice at
Washington, and was again general inspector of the pay
corps in [889 and 1890. In March, 1890, he was ap-
pointed paymaster-general of the navy, and chief of the
Bureau of Provisions and Clothing, Navy Department,
with the relative rank of commodore. He was retired
with that rank in November, 1 891, by reason of age and
length of service, together with ill health caused by the
great strain which at that time devolved upon the in-
cumbent of the office of the paymaster-general.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
?43
MAJOR JAMES H. LORD. U.S.A.
Major James H. Lord (Quartermaster's Department)
was born in Pennsylvania February 27, 1840, and grad-
uated from the Military Academy June 17, 1862. He
was promoted brevet second lieutenant of the Second
Artillery the same day, and on July 24 of the same year
was promoted second lieutenant of the same regiment.
He served in the Peninsula campaign of the Army of
the Potomac during the war of the Rebellion, and in the
Northern Virginia campaign in 1862, and was engaged
at the battles of Malvern Hill, second Bull Run, Chan-
tilly, and several skirmishes. He participated in the
Maryland campaign, and was engaged in the battle of
South Mountain and Antietam, and then took part in the
march back to the Rappahannock River, and was engaged
in the battle of Fredericksburg, Virginia.
Having been transferred to the Western army, he was
at Covington, Kentucky, in April, 1863, and at Lexing-
ton to June 4, 1863, when he took part in the move-
ments of the Ninth Army Corps to Young's Point,
Louisiana. He then participated in the Vicksburg cam-
paign, being engaged in the siege of that place from June
17 to July 4, 1863, and capture of Jackson, Mississippi,
July 16, 1863. He was then granted a leave of absence,
on account of sickness, from August 10 to September
26, 1863. He was detailed as mustering and disbursing
officer at Cincinnati, Ohio, from March 15 to May 2,
1864, and at Boston, Massachusetts, to December 25,
1864. In the mean time he was promoted first lieu-
tenant, to date from March 30, 1864.
In February, 1865, Lieutenant Lord took command
of his battery, and participated in the operations about
Petersburg. Virginia, and was engaged in the battle of
Dinwiddie Court-House, March 31, 1865 ; battle of Five
Forks, April I, 1865, and, while in pursuit of the enemy,
in the actions at Lisbon Centre, High Bridge, Farmville,
and Appomattox Court-House, at the surrender of Lee.
He was brevetted first lieutenant July 1, 1862, for " gal-
lant and meritorious services at the battle of Malvern
Hill, Virginia;" captain, September 17, 1862, for "gal-
lant and meritorious services at the battle of Antietam,
Maryland," and major, April 9, 1865, "for gallant and
meritorious services in action at Appomattox Court-
House, Virginia."
Lieutenant Lord was at the head-quarters of the
Second Division, Cavalry Corps, as aide to General
Crook, from June 22 to August 25, 1865, having been
appointed captain on the volunteer staff. He then took
command of a company at Fort McHeniy, Maryland,
and in the fall of that year was transferred to the Pa-
cific coast, serving at the Presidio, San Diego, and in
garrison at the Presidio of San Francisco, as quarter-
master of the Second Artillery, from May 1, 1867, to
April 28, 1875.
He was appointed captain and assistant quartermaster
April 24, 1875, and since that time has served in various
sections of the country, until promoted major, October
4, 1889, when, shortly afterwards, he was ordered to San
Francisco as depot quartermaster, which position he is
filling at the present time.
244
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND XAYY {regular)
CAPTAIN GEORGE G. LOTT, U.S.A. (retired).
Captain George G. Loir was born July 2, 1843, in
Pennsylvania, lie is the son of Dr. Geo. W. Lott, for
many years practising physician and surge* >n 1 if Columbia
County, in that State, eminent in his profession, distin-
guished for conspicuous and consistent loyalty to the
national government, ever active in maintaining the
supremacy of the same. A second son, Dr. John 11.
Lott, late acting assistant surgeon United States Army,
and practising physician and surgeon of Buffalo,
W) oming.
Captain Lott was a cadet at the Military Academy
from July 1, 1861, to June 23, [862, when he was ap-
pointed captain and aide-de-camp of volunteers, and
reported for duty to Brigadier- General S. D. Sturgis, at
Alexandria, Virginia, lie served with that officer from
that time to March, [864; with Reserve Army Corps,
comprising troops garrisoning the defences of Washing-
ton, July S to August 22, 1S62; General Pope's army
during the second Bull Run campaign, August 22 to
September 2, [862; with Second Division, Ninth Corps,
Army of the Potomac, through the .Maryland campaign,
September, [862, and its march to and battle of Fred-
ericksburg, Virginia, December [3, [862; its transfer to
and services in Central and Eastern Kentucky to June,
1863; with Central Division of Kentucky to September,
1863 ; with Cavalry Corps, Army of the ( Ihio, operating
in Eastern Kentucky and East Tennessee, to March,
1864. In April, 1864, he was assigned to duty with
Brigadier-General E. 11. Hobson, and served with that
officer as member of his personal staff until May, 1865.
He was with the Mounted Brigade and Second Division,
Department of Kentucky, throughout the length and
breadth of that State anil in West Virginia. Taken pris-
oner at Keller's Bridge, Licking River, near Cynthiana,
Kentucky, in engagement with Confederate forces under
General John II. Morgan, June IO, 1864, and recaptured
by United States forces two days later.
< )ctober 2, 1864, he was in an engagement at Saltville,
West Virginia, with Confederate forces under General
John C. Breckenridge. In May, [865, he was assigned
to duty with Brigadier-General Louis 1). Watkins, com-
manding at Louisville, Kentucky, and served with that
officer as member of his personal staff until mustered
out of volunteer service. May 31, 1866.
< )n the 7th of March, 1 807, he accepted the ap-
pointment of second lieutenant Twenty-fourth U. S.
Infantry. He appeared before the Board at Louisville,
Kentucky, for examination, March 2j, 1867, and being
duly commissioned, reported, under orders for duty at
Newport Barracks, Kentucky, and subsequently joined
his regiment June 3, [867, at Vicksburg, Mississippi, and
served with regiment in Mississippi to March, 1869,
when the regiment was transferred to Texas, where,
April, 1869, the Twenty-fourth and Twenty-ninth Regi-
ments were consolidated and afterwards known as the
Sixteenth Infantry.
He was promoted first lieutenant Twenty-fourth
U. S. Infantry October 14, 1 80S, transferred to the
Eleventh U. S. Infantry by reorganization of the army,
April 25, 1869; regimental adjutant Eleventh U. S.
Infantry November 1 1, 1874, to May 30, [886 ; promoted
captain Eleventh U. S. Infantry June 1, 1886.
Lieutenant Lott was judge-advocate of a general court-
martial at Galveston, Texas, April ami May, 1869; with
company at Jefferson, Texas, June, 1869, to June, 1870;
commanding company and on the march to Fort Concho,
Texas, June 6 to July 17, 1870; Fort Concho, Texas,
Jul\-, 1870, to November 11, 1874; at Fort Richardson,
Texas (regimental adjutant), to November, 1876; 01 route
to Department of Dakota, November and December,
1876; at Cheyenne Agency, Dakota, to December, 1879;
.it Fort Sully, Dakota, to July, 1886; on general recruit-
in- service at David's Island, New York harbor, July,
1886, to ( ictober, 1 888; at Sackett's Harbor, New York,
October, 1888, to July, 1889; at Plattsburgh Barracks,
New York (commanding post and company), July, 1889,
to December, 1889, when, as a result of examination by
Retiring Board, was ordered home to await retirement,
and he was retired from active service February 25, 1S91.
Residence, Covington, Kentucky.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
245
REAR-ADMIRAL STEPHEN BLEEKER LUCE. U.S.N.
(RETIRED).
Rear-Admiral Stephen Bleeker Luce has been
upon so many stations, and in so man)" different kinds
of duty, that it would he impossible, within our limited
space, to enumerate them. He was born in New
York ; entered the naval service as midshipman in
1 84 1, when thirteen years and a half old. In 1S89, by
operation of law, he was placed upon the retired list,
having then a total sea-service of thirty-three years;
other duty, twelve years and three months ; and " un-
employed," one year, eleven months. While a midship-
man he served in the Mediterranean and on the coast of
Bra/il; and, from 1845 to 1848, in the "Columbus,"
74, circumnavigating the globe, visiting Japan, and
serving on the coast of California during the Mexicm
War. He next went to the Naval Academy, becoming
passed midshipman in 1S48. After a three years' cruise
in the Pacific, he was upon astronomical duty, the Home
Squadron, and the Coast Survey, up to September, 1855,
when he was promoted to be master, and to lieutenant
the da)' after. After a cruise in the Gulf of Mexico and
the West Indies, he went to the Naval Academy as
assistant instructor. While there the Civil War broke
out. Lieutenant Luce was ordered to the frigate
" Wabash," on the Atlantic blockade, and in her took
part in the actions at Hatteras Inlet and Port Royal.
He commanded a howitzer launch of the " Wabash," in
a reconnoissance in force, and an engagement at Port
Royal Ferry, by combined military and naval forces. In
January, 1862, he was ordered to the Naval Academy,
which had been removed to Newport during the war,
and in July of that year was commissioned lieutenant-
commander. In the summer of 1863 he commanded
the "Macedonian," on her practice cruise to Europe,
and, upon his return, was ordered to the command of
the monitor " Nantucket," of the North Atlantic Block-
ading Squadron.
While in command of " Nantucket" he engaged Forts
Moultrie and Sumter a number of times. In August,
1864, he was ordered to command the "Sonoma,''
double-ender, of the North Atlantic Squadron, but was
almost immediately transferred to the command of the
" Canandaigua," and from her to the " Pontiac," where
he remained until June, 1865. While in command of the
" Pontiac" engaged Battery Marshall. In January, 1865,
reported to General Sherman, at Savannah, for duty in
connection with army operations. With great difficulty
got the " Pontiac" up to Sister's Ferry, forty miles above
Savannah, and guarded the pontoon bridge there, while
Slocum's wing passed into South Carolina. Lieutenant-
Commander Luce next served as commandant of mid-
shipmen at Annapolis; commanding, in 1866, the
practice squadron of six vessels. In 1867 he com-
manded the practice cruise, which extended to European
waters, with three ships. In 1868 he took the same-
squadron on a practice cruise, visiting West Point, and
then going to Europe. He had been commissioned as
commander in 1 866 ; commanded the " Mohongo," in
the Pacific, and the "Juniata," of the European Squad-
ron. In September, 1S72, he was serving as equipment
officer at the Boston Navy- Yard, and was commissioned
captain in December of that year. During the " Vir-
ginias" excitement he was ordered to command the
" Minnesota," but returned to his former duty in a short
time. His next duty was the command of the "Hart-
ford," from which he went to that of inspector of train-
ing-ships, in which he has always shown an enlightened
interest and fostering care. From January 1, 1878, to
January 1,1881, he was in command of the "Minne-
sota" training-ship, on our coast. From April, 1881, to
January, 1884, he was in command of the Training
Squadron, constantly cruising. Commodore in 1881,
he was, the next year, ordered as president of the Com-
mission on the Sale of the Navy-Yards. In Jul)-, 1884,
he was ordered to the command of the North Atlantic
Squadron, as acting rear-admiral ; and in September of
the same year made president of the U. S. Naval War
College, at Coaster's Harbor, Rhode Island. He was
promoted to rear-admiral in October, 1885. From June,
1886, to February, 18S9, he was in command of the
North Atlantic Station.
-4'"'
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
BRIGADIER-GENERAL RANALD S. MACKENZIE,
U.S.A. (deceased).
Brigadier-General Ranald S. M m kenzie was bom
in Now York. He was a sun of Commodore Slidell
Mackenzie, U. S. Navy. He graduated at the Military
Academy June 17, 1862, and was promoted second lieu-
tenant Corps of Engineers the same day. He served
during the war of the Rebellion as assistant engineer of
the Ninth Army Corps in the Northern Virginia cam-
paign, and was engaged in the action of Kelly's Ford and
battle of Manassas, where he was wounded, and for which
lie received the brevet of first lieutenant August 29, [862,
for gallant and meritorious services,
lie left the field on account of wounds, and was on
leave to October 19, 1862, when he w as attached to the
Engineer Battalion in the Maryland campaign of the
Army of the Potomac, and was engaged in constructing,
repairing, and guarding bridges. He was in the Rap-
pahannock campaign, and engaged in the battles ol
Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville. He was promoted
first lieutenant March 5, [863, and was in the Pennsyl-
vania campaign, in command of an engineer company,
and was engaged in laying bridges ovei the Occoquan,
and across the Potomac at Edwards' Ferry, and took
part in the battle of Gettysburg. He participated in the
subsequent campaigns of the Army of the Potomac as
captain of engineers, laying and guarding bridges,
making roads and reconnoissances, building block-
houses, constructing rifle-trenches, and was engaged in
the battle of the Wilderness, combat at Todd's Tavern,
and battles about Spottsylvania, and while in command
of his regiment was wounded in front of Petersburg
June 22, 1864.
Captain Mackenzie was appointed colonel of the
Second Connecticut Heavy Artillery July 10, 1864, and,
joining his regiment in the Sixth Army Corps, was
engaged in defence of the national capital July 11-12,
[864. He commanded a brigade in the Sixth Army
Corps in the Shenandoah campaign, and was engaged in
the battle of Opequan, Fisher's Hill, and Cedar Creek,
where he was wounded, and was on sick-leave from
< Vtober 19 to November, [864. He then rejoined and
commanded a brigade in the siege of Petersburg. He
was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers October 19,
1864, and commanded a cavalry division in the Army of
the James during March and April, [865, and was en-
gaged in the battle of Five Forks, pursuit of General
I Ac's army, and skirmish and capitulation of Appomattox
Court-House April 9, 1865.
General Mackenzie was brevetted for gallant and meri-
torious services as follows: First lieutenant August 29,
1862, for Manassas; captain May 3, 1863, for Chancel-
lorsville ; major July 4, 1863, for Gettysburg ; lieutenant-
colonel June 18, [864, for Petersburg; colonel October
19, 1864, for Cedar Creek ; brigadier-general March 13,
1865, for services dining the Rebellion. He was also
brevetted major-general of volunteers March 31, 1865,
for " gallant and meritorious services during the Rebel-
lie hi."
At the close of the war he was stationed at Richmond,
Virginia, commanding a cavalry division until August,
1865; then he was placed on waiting orders to January
15, 1866, at which time he was mustered out of the
volunteer service. He was on leave of absence to Feb-
ruary 8, 1866, when he was detailed as assistant engineer
in the construction of the defences of Portsmouth harbor,
New York, to May, 1X67.
He was appointed colonel of the Forty-first U. S.
Infantry March 6, i8r>7, and transferred to the Twenty-
fourth Infantry March 15, 1869. He was transferred to
the Fourth Cavalry December 15, 1870. He was ap-
pointed a brigadier-general, U. S. Army, October 26,
18S2, ami while in command of the Department of
Texas was retired tor disability March 24, 1884. He
died January 19, 1889, at New Brighton, Staten Island,
New York.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
247
CAPTAIN AND BREVET MAJOR JUNIUS W. MAC-
MURRAY, U.S.A.
Captain and Brevet Major Junius W. MacMur-
RAY (First Artillery) was born near Carondelet, Missouri,
May 1, 1843. He was educated for a civil engineer. He
volunteered as a substitute in Company B, Engineer Bat-
talion National Guard, State of Missouri, during the cam-
paign of the Kansas border in Missouri, October, No-
vember, and December, i860, under order of the Gov-
ernor of the State. At the commencement of the war
of the Rebellion, during the bombardment of Fort
Sumter, South Carolina, he commenced recruiting volun-
teers in the State of Missouri, under the call of the Presi-
dent of the United States, but in opposition to the Gov-
ernor of the State of Missouri. 1 le recruited a company,
which was accepted for defence of the U. S. Arsenal at
St. Louis, Missouri, and was sworn in with this company
after midnight of April 20, 1861, in St. Louis Arsenal, by
Captain Nathaniel Lyon, Second U. S. Infantry. Briga-
dier-General Harney, commanding the Department of
the West, refused to recognize the swearing in of volun-
teers for this purpose by Captain Lyon, without authority
from the Governor of Missouri; but the men and officers
were retained in the arsenal, armed for its defence, and
performing the duty of guards. On April 25, 1861, the
command was sworn in by Lieutenant Rufus Saxton,
Fourth Artillery, as Company B, Rifle Battalion, First
Missouri Volunteers. Lieutenant Saxton not being a
regularly-designated mustering officer, the company was
again duly sworn into service April 29, [861, by Lieu-
tenant John M. Schofield, First U. S. Artillery, mustering
officer (major First Missouri Infantry Volunteers), as
Company B, Saxton Rifle Battalion of the First Missouri
Volunteers, of which MacMurray was second lieutenant.
He was transferred to the First Missouri Light Artillery
June 10, 1 861, and was promoted first lieutenant Sep-
tember 1, 1 86 1. He served in the Western army, and
was engaged in the blockade of the Mississippi River
against steamers bringing munitions of war captured
by Confederates at Baton Rouge Arsenal to St. Louis.
He participated in the expedition to Southwest Missouri,
and was afterwards on recruiting service and with his
regiment at Camp of Instruction near St. Louis. lie
participated in Fremont's expedition to Southwest Mis-
souri, and was in the regular brigade from October, 1861,
to February, 1862, when he was transferred to the Army
of the Mississippi, and assigned to a cavalry division.
He was engaged in the capture of Camp Jackson, with
twelve hundred rebel prisoners, May 10, 1861 ; at the
capture of Jefferson City, Missouri, June 15, 1861, and
participated in the following actions, battles, and skir-
mishes : Booneville, Missouri; Blackwater, Missouri;
New Madrid and Island No. 10 ; with gun-boats at Point
Pleasant, Fort Pillow, Farmington, siege of Corinth,
Hatchie River, Jacinto, Rienzi, Blackland, Booneville,
Tuscumbia, 1 lolly Springs, Iuka, Corinth, Davis's Bridge,
The Hatchie, Ripley, Waterford, Lumpkin's Mills, Tal-
lahatchie Bridge, Lamar, Coffeeville, Fort Hindman, Port
Gibson, Bayou Pierre, Hankinson's Ferry, Raymond,
Clinton, Jackson, Champion Hills, Big Black; assault,
siege, and surrender of Vicksburg.
Lieutenant MacMurray was promoted captain of First
Missouri Light Artillery Nov. I, 1863 ; was at St. Louis
to Feb., 1865; in charge of reconstruction of fortifica-
tions at New Madrid, and served with the Powder River
Indian Expedition, on the march from Franklin, Mis-
souri, to the valley of the Powder River, Montana, from
|une 1 to Nov. 12, 1865, having been engaged with
Sioux, Cheyennes, and Arapahoes near Yellowstone
River, in September. He was honorably mustered out
of the volunteer service Nov. 20, 1865.
Captain MacMurray entered the regular service Feb-
ruary 2^, 1866, as second lieutenant of the first Artil-
lery ; was promoted first lieutenant March 20, 1866,
and was brevettcd captain for " gallant and meritorious
services" in the siege of Corinth, and major for "gallant
and meritorious services" in the siege of Vicksburg. He
was also brevetted major of volunteers for " gallant and
meritorious services," and lieutenant-colonel of volunteers
for " gallant and meritorious services" dining the war.
Since entering the regular army, Major MacMurray's
service has been of both varied and important nature.
His education as a civil engineer fitted him for many
duties to which he has been assigned. He was professor
of military science and tactics at the University of Mis-
souri, at Columbia and Rolla, Missouri ; at Cornell Uni-
versity, New York, and at Union College ; he made plans
and estimates for sanitary system for Vancouver Bar-
racks, and designed water system for that and other posts.
Now on recruiting service at Binghamton, New York.
248
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
CHIEF ENGINEER DAVID B. MACOMB. U.S.N.
(retired).
Chief Engineer David B. Macomb was horn near
Tallahassee, Florida, February 27, 1827. He was
appointed third assistant engineer in the navy January
11, 1S49, from Pennsylvania. His first duty was in the
office of the engineer-in-chief. Navy Department, Wash-
ington, D. C, 1849-50; coast-survey steamer "Bibb,"
1850-51 ; promoted to second assistant engineer Febru-
ary 26, 1 85 1, remaining attached to the coast-surveying
steamer " Bibb," as her senior engineer, until December,
1S52, and was then ordered to the steamer "John I lan-
cock," attached to the squadron of the U. S. Exploring
Expedition to the North Pacific Ocean, China and Japan
Seas, under Acting Commodore Cadwalader Ringgold,
U.S.N., which acted in conjunction with G imnii idi ire M. C.
Perry, L'.S.X., in concluding the treaty of amity and com-
merce with Japan, 1853-55 I promoted to first assistant en-
gineer June 26, 185(1, and ordered to the steam-frigate
"Wabash," flag-ship of Commodore Paulding, U.S.X.,
commanding tlie Home Squadron, 1856-57; ordered to
duty on frigate " Saranac." attached to the Pacific Squad-
ron, 1858-59; promoted to chief engineer September 21,
i860; ordered to the steam-frigate" Niagara," which con-
veyed the Japanese ambassadors back to Jeddo, now
Tokio, Japan, i860. Returned to Boston April 23, 1S61,
and then first learned that Fort Sumter had been fired
upon and surrendered to the South Carolina State fori es,
and that several other States had seceded from the
Union. Tin; " Niagara" was immediately ordered to
New York Navy- Yard, and, after taking on board some
fresh stores and outfits, she left New York May 3, 1861,
for blockade duty off Charleston, South Carolina, and
Savannah. Georgia, being the first war-vessel ordered
on that service. The " Niagara," being the flag-ship of
Flag-Officer William W. McKean, was the leading vessel
in the bombardment and reduction of Fort McRae and Pen-
sacola Navy- Yard, October, 1861 ; detached from the" Ni-
agara," February 23, 1 862, and March 9, 1 862 ; ordered to
spei ial duty in superintending the building and fitting
out of the iron-clad monitors " Nahant," " Nantucket."
and "Canonicus," 1862-63, and upon the completion of
the latter vessel was ordered as her chief engineer, and
in Ma)', 1863, she was sent to Norfolk, Virginia, to join
the James River fleet of iron-clads and gun-boats, and
North Atlantic Blockading Squadron, under Acting
Rear-Admiral S. P. Lee, U.S.N. , 1 863-64. The " Canoni-
cus" was at the reduction of " Hewlett's House" bat-
teries, June 21, 1864; and at battles of Dutch Gap and
Deep Bottom, August 13, 1864; and before Fort Fisher
December 25 and 25, 1S64; and at the final reduction
and surrender of that place January 13-15. 1865; and
immediately after the surrender (that night) the " Canoni-
cus" and " Moiiadnock" were ordered off Charleston,
South Carolina, to assist in the blockade of that place,
and participated in the bombardment and occupation of
Charleston by the Union forces, February 18, 1865, the
"Canonicus" throwing the last hostile shot at the re-
treating rebels on Sullivan's Island in the early morn of
that day. After the evacuation, the " Canonicus" was
sent in pursuit of the rebel iron-clad and ram " Stone-
wall," and went to Havana, Cuba, in company with other
vessels of that squadron, Commodore Sylvanus W.
Goden, commanding; the "Canonicus" being the first
American iron-clad to enter a foreign port. The "Canon-
icus" returned to the United States June 26. 1865; in-
spection duty in laying up the iron-clads at League Island,
Philadelphia, and of government work and machinery at
Baltimore, Maryland, 1865-66; duty at navy-yard, Pen-
sacola, Florida, 1866-67; and at navy-yard, Portsmouth,
New Hampshire, 1868— 1870; steam-frigate "Tennessee,"
having on board the United States Commissioners sent
by President Grant to San Domingo, 1871 ; fleet-engineer
of the North Atlantic Fleet, 1871-73; again at navy-
yard, Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 1874-77. Again
fleet-engineer of the North Atlantic Station, 1877-79;
and duty at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 1879-82 ; presi-
dent of the Board organized under Act of Congress,
August 5, 1S82, for survey and appraisal of the great
amount of accumulated stores and material during .md
since the war, 1882—83 ; on duty at the navy-yard, Boston,
Massachusetts, 1S84-89. Retired February 2J , 1889, with
the relative rank of commodore, having arrived at the age
ol sixty-two and served fort)- years and over in active-
service.
The residence of Commodore Macomb is in North
Cambridge, Massachusetts, where, in the society of his
wife, daughters, and grandchildren, and with his books
and papers, he endeavors to enjoy the remainder of a
life spent in the service of his country.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
H9
CAPTAIN WILLIAM R. MAIZE, U.S.A. (retired).
Captain William R. Maize was born in Indiana,
Pennsylvania, February 14, 1844. At the commence-
ment of the war of the Rebellion he entered the volun-
teer service as private of Company K, Nineteenth Penn-
sylvania Infantry, April 18, 1861, and was discharged
August 9, 1861. He re-entered the volunteer service
August 27, 1 861, as second lieutenant of the Seventy-
eighth Pennsylvania Infantry ; was promoted first lieu-
tenant September 1, 1863, and mustered out November
4, 1864.
I Ie served in the field as aide-de-camp to the brevet
brigadier-general commanding the Third Brigade, Sec-
ond Division, Fourteenth Army Corps, during the cam-
paign from Murfreesborough, Tennessee, to Chicka-
maugua and Chattanooga, in 1863 ; and was on the
staff of the First Division Fourteenth Army Corps,
with Brevet Major-Generals R. W. Johnson, John H.
King, and William P. Carlin, during the campaign from
Chattanooga, Tennessee, to Atlanta and Jonesborough,
Georgia, in 1864.
He entered the regular service as second lieutenant
of the Second Infantry, April 23, 1866; was promoted
first lieutenant January 22, 1867, and transferred to the
Twentieth Infantry April 2, 1870. Lie was brevetted
captain March 2, 1867, for "gallant and meritorious
services in the battle of Stone River, Tennessee."
Captain Maize served at Carlisle Barracks, as adju-
tant, quartermaster, and commissar)-, until 1870, when he
joined at Fort Ransom, Dakota Territory. His station
was changed to Fort Abercrombie, where he remained
until 1 87 1, when he was transferred to Fort Wadsworth,
Dakota Territory, where he did duty as commissary and
quartermaster until 1873.
He was then ordered to Fort Pembina, where he was
post adjutant to May, 1875. Then he was stationed at
Fort Seward, Dakota Territory, where he was depot
and post quartermaster and commissary to August,
1876.
Captain Maize's regiment being transferred to Texas,
we find him at Fort Brown to January, 1879; at Fort
Ringgold in the summer of 1880 ; at Fort Hays, Kansas,
tn May, 1882, performing, while there, the duties of quar-
termaster and commissary. He was then at Fort Riley,
Kansas, during the balance of the year 1882. His regi-
ment was then transferred to the Department of Dakota,
and the captain was stationed at F~ort Maginnis until
August, 1886, when he was ordered to Camp Poplar
River, Montana, remaining there to 1887. He was then
made inspector of Indian supplies at Fort Peck, Indian
Agency.
Lie was promoted captain Twentieth Infantry, May 6,
1882, and on March 19, 1888, was ordered to his home
tn await retirement on account of disability, having been
examined and recommended for retirement by a Retiring
Board, but he was not placed on the retired list until
February 24, 1891.
250
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular*
CAPTAIN AND BREVET LIEUTENANT-COLONEL
GARRICK MALLERY, U.S.A. (retired).
< \n vin and Brevet Lieutenant-Coi i inel ( i vrrick
Mali ery was born in Pennsylvania April 23, [831. He
is the son of the President Judge of Circuit Court of
Pennsylvania, and in direct line from Peter Mallery, who
arrived in Boston, from England, in 1638. Several ances-
tors were military officers in the Colonial service and in
the Revolutionary War. Through his mother he was
descended from William Maclay, first U. S. Senator from
Pennsylvania, lie was graduated at Yale College in
1850; in 1 s 5 3 was admitted to the bai of Philadelphia,
where he practised law until the first call for troops in
the Civil War.
He entered the volunteer service as captain of the
Seventy-first Pennsylvania Infantry June 4, [861, and
was engaged in the actions of Lewinsville, Munson's
Hill, Falls Church, and Hall's Bluff, Virginia, and was
detailed as acting assistant adjutant-general of brigadi
Octobi 1 23, 1 86 1. In the early part of [862 he returned
to the command of his company, and was engaged in the
battles of Fair Oaks, Seven Pines, Peach Orchard (where
he commanded the left wing of his regiment), and Savage
Station, He was there taken prisoner, having recei
two severe wounds and left on the field, from whence lie-
was taken to Libby Prison. He was honorably mustered
out February 16, 1863, to accept the appointment of
lieutenant-colonel of the Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry,
and commanded the regiment in thei ngagement \ of Win-
chester, Culpeper, and others, in Virginia, in 1863-64,
and was honorably mustered out July 15, 1864, having
been appointed lieutenant colonel in the Veteran Reserve
Corps July 1, (864. He commanded a Provisional Regi-
ment in Jul_\-, 1864, in the defence oi Washington again 1
Early, and was engaged near Fort Stevens.
Colonel Mallei}- next served on various duties, and
commanded his regiment in Maine and Vermont to
January, 1866, and then was acting inspector-general,
assistant adjutant- general, and assistant commissioner of
Bureau of R., F., and A. I.., in Virginia. Was appointed
captain of the Forty-third U. S. Inf. July 28, 1S66, and
was brevetted major, U. S. Arm)', for " gallant and meri-
torious services in a skirmish at Garnett's Farm, Virginia;"
and lieutenant-colonel, U. S. Arm)-, for " gallant anil
meritorious services at battle of Peach Orchard, Vir-
ginia." 1 Ie was also brevetted colonel of U. S. Volunteers
lor "gallant and meritorious services during the war."
From September, iSf>j, to March, 1868, he commanded
his company, and part of the time the regiment, at Fort
Wayne, Michigan, then was detailed as judge-advocate
of First Military District, State of Virginia, and also
secretary of state and adjutant-general of Virginia, with
the rank of brigadier-general, until February 15, 18711,
some of the time being acting governor of Virginia. In
August, 1870, he reported to the office of chief signal-
officer, I". S. Army, at Washington, and was for long
periods acting chief signal- officer, until August, [876,
when, having been assigned to the First U. S. Infantry
(December 15, I 870), he was ordered to Fort Rice, Da-
kota, where he made investigations into the sign-language,
pictographs, and mythologies of the North American
Indians, resulting in an order of the Secretary of War
(June 13, 1S77) to report to Major J. W. Powell, in charge
of the Survey of the Rocky Mountain region. On Julv
I, 1879, he was retired tor wounds received in line of
(lilt)', and accepted appointment of ethnologist of the
Bureau of Ethnology, Smithsonian Institution, which he
now 1 1 892) holds.
Colonel Mallerv is an honorary or active member of
several scientific and literary societies in Europe as well
as the United States, and was a founder and president of
the Anthropological Society and of the Cosmos Club,
both of Washington ; also president of the Philosophical
So, iety and of the Literary Society of Washington, and
vice-president of the American Association for the Ad-
vancement of Science, and is now president of the joint
commission of the five scientific societies of Washington.
IK- has contributed largely to periodical literature, but
his most important works, some of which have been
ii.Mi lated, are the following :" A Calendar of the Dakota
Nation" (1877) ; " The Former and Present Number of
our Indians" (1878); "A Collection of Gesture-Signs
and Signals of the N. A. Indians, with some Compari-
sons" (1880); "Sign Language among N. A. Indians
compared with that among Other Peoples and Deaf
Mutes" (1881); "Pictographs of the N. A. Indians"
(1886); "Manners and Meals" 1 [888); " Philosophy and
Specialties" (1889) ; "Israelite and Indian, a Parallel in
Planes of Culture" I 1889).
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
251
COMMANDER H. DE HAVEN MANLEY, U.S.N.
(retired).
Commander Manley was born in Chester, Pennsyl-
vania, December 20, 1839, being the son of the late
Hon. Charles I). Manley. Appointed to the Nav.il Ai ad
emy in September, 1856, and graduated in June, [860,
as a midshipman. He was then ordered to the U. S. S.
" Brooklyn," and was detailed as assistant hydrographer
to Lieutenant Jeffers, U.S.N., in the survey <>f the
Chiriqui Lagoon. This duty was completed in the fall
of i860.
The war of the Rebellion was then imminent, and
naval vessels had been so scattered that, when the gov-
ernment wished to reinforce Fort Pickens, Florida, the
" Brooklyn" was almost the only vessel available. She was
sent on this duty, in which Midshipman Manley bore an
active part. After this the " Brooklyn" went to the
"passes" of the Mississippi, being the first vessel on the
blockade of New Orleans. Midshipman Manley was
made prize-master of her first capture, which he took'
tu Key West, Florida.
After delivering his prize, Midshipman Manley was
ordered to the frigate "Congress," .11 Newport News,
Virginia, having been promoted to the rank of master.
The "Congress" was quite short of officers, and during
the memorable fight with the rebel ironclad " Merri-
mac," on March 8, [862, Manley commanded the three
gun divisions mi the " Congress's" main-deck, mu\ was
slightly wounded. llis commanding officer, the sur-
vivor uf the fight, Lieutenant Austin Pendergrast, ex-
pressed in his letter his appreciation of his (Manley's)
noble behavior on that occasion, and praised highly his
"bravery, coolness, and skill" in the performance <il
his duties.
Midshipman Manley was next ordered to the navy-
yard at Philadelphia, ti 1 recuperate Ir t he strain of such
a murderous engagement, and from his labors in land-
ing the survivors. Hut, desiring active service afloat, he
was ordered to the steam-sloop " Canandaigua," then
on the blockade off Charleston ; about which time he
was promoted to a lieutenancy.
Lieutenant Manley commanded the howitzer, boats,
and landing party from the "Canandaigua" at the cap-
ture and occupation of Morris Island, via Stono Inlet,
and was engaged in all the lights which occurred during
the operations of Admirals Dupont and Dahlgren with
Forts Sumter, Wagner, and Moultrie, and the Confed-
erate batteries on Morris and Sullivan's Islands which
contributed to the defence of Charleston. While at
tached to the "Canandaigua" he had temporary com-
mand of that vessel and of the " Nipsic," and for several
months was commanding and senior officer of the off-
shore blockade at Charleston, having four vessels under
his command.
Alter twn years oi this hard service he went North
on a short furlough, and was then ordered to the " State
of Georgia," on the same blockade.
While in temporary command uf this ship he was
ordered to Fortress Monroe to convey to the govern
incut the news of the evacuation of Charleston by the
Ci mfederates.
Upon returning to the station he was transferred to the
U. S. monitor " Canonicus," which was one of the squad-
ron which went to Havana to seize the Confederate ram
" Stonewall," then in that pent.
Winn the war closed, Lieutenant Manley returned to
Philadelphia in the "Canonicus," which was put out of
ci immission.
Lieutenant Manley became a lieutenant-commander
in 1866, and commander in April, 1874. Under these
commissions he was assigned to varied and responsible
duties.
In [865-66 he was executive officer of the frigate
"Sabine," and in 1867-68 was attached to the " Frank-
lin," the flag-ship of .Admiral Farragut, in Europe. He
afterwards served in the flag-ship " Lancaster," Brazil
Station, under Admiral Lanman, and was in command
of the "Wasp." Was both pupil and instructor at the
Newport Torpedo Station, and on ordnance duty at
Washington.
Commanded the I'. S. S. "Ranger" on the Asiatic
Station, and returned thence in command of the "Alert"
to San Francisco, — having thus circumnavigated the
globe.
He returned in impaired health, and was then or-
dered to dutyat the War Records Office in the Navy
Department. Here he remained until January, 1883,
when he was retired from active service on account of
ill-health and loss of hearing, induced by exposure in the
line of duty.
252
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
CAPTAIN MATTHIAS C. MARIN, U.S.N, (retired).
Captain Matthias C. Marin is a native of Florida,
and was appointed a midshipman from that State in
January, 1832. He served in the schooners "Spark"
and " Porpoise" on the coast of Florida, and in the West
Indies, and, afterwards, in the sloop-of-war " John
Adams," in the Mediterranean, until 1837. In June,
1838, he was promoted passed midshipman, and, after
some duty at the Naval Rendezvous at New York,
served in the Florida war, in the schooner " Flirt,"
1839-40 ; and in the sloop-of-war "Vandalia," Home
Squadron, 1S41-43. Commissioned a lieutenant in
March, 1844. Served, for two years, in the " Yorktown,"
on the coast of Africa, and in 1846-47, in the steamer
"Scourge," during the Mexican War. Was present at
the capture of Alvarado and Tlacotalpam, the capture of
Tuxpan, and the capture of Tabasco. After the Mexi-
can War he was for some time upon the Coast Survey,
and in 1852-53 served in the sloop-of-war " Levant," in
the Mediterranean. After this he was stationed at the
navy-yard, Pensacola ; and, about the breaking out of
the Civil War, was attached to the " Macedonian."
Commissioned commander October, 1861, and com-
manded the sloop-of-war " St. Louis," on special service,
in 1862-63. In 1864-65, he was upon ordnance duty at
the navy-yard at Boston. Was commissioned captain,
on the retired list, March, 1867. Was upon special duty
at Maiden, Massachusetts, in 1S69-70.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
253
COMMODORE W. P. McCANN, U.S.N, (retired).
Commodore W. P. McCann was born in Kentucky
on May 4, 1830, and appointed midshipman from that
State in 1848; was attached to frigates " Raritan" and
" Columbia," in the Gulf and West Indies, and in the
Pacific, until 1853, when he was ordered to the Naval
School. Passed midshipman June, 1854, and made a
cruise of three years and three months in the Pacific ;
commissioned lieutenant in September, 1855 ; served in
the frigate " Sabine," as lieutenant and navigator, in the
Paraguay Expedition, and afterwards in the West Indies
and Gulf of Mexico. At breaking out of Rebellion the
"Sabine" (April 14-15, 1 861) reinforced Fort Pickens
with marines and sailors, and afterwards assisted in land-
ing the force under Colonel Harvey Brown; afterwards,
during blockade of South Carolina coast, the "Sabine"
rescued the battalion of marines from the steamer
"Governor," which vessel foundered; in the gun-boat
" Maratanza," from April to October, 1862, during which
time saw constant and exciting service in co-operating
with the Army of the Potomac, from Yorktown to Mal-
vern Hill ; made capture of rebel gun-boat " Teaser" and
several blockade-runners, and other most important
service. Made lieutenant-commander Jul}-, 1S62; severe
engagement with Whitworth battery, at Fort Caswell ;
ordered to command " Hunchback," in Sounds of North
Carolina, October, 1862. In the following March the
" Hunchback" performed distinguished service at the
battle of New Peine, for which Lieutenant-Commander
McCann received special commendation in the official
reports. In April, 1863, he had command of five gun-
boats, and was frequently engaged with batteries in the
Sounds, and other duties.
In November, 1863, he was ordered to command the
" Kennebec," West Gulf Blockading Squadron. While
serving on blockade of Mobile had frequent engage-
ments with batteries and Fort Morgan, while attacking
stranded blockade-runners ; mentioned in congratulatory
order by Admiral Farragut, for the destruction of the
" Ivanhoe," under the guns of Battery G and Fort
Morgan. The " Kennebec" captured at sea three loaded
blockade-runners, with valuable cargoes, and rebel offi-
cers on board. At the battle of Mobile Bay, August 5,
1 864, the " Kennebec" was lashed to the " Monongahela,"
fifth in line of battle, and in that position ran by the fort
and engaged the enemy's vessels. Had several men
wounded by shell from the " Tennessee," while in contact
with that vessel, after ramming her in conjunction with
the " Monongahela." The " Kennebec's" anchor carried
off the " Tennessee's" boat, davits, and falls. Soon after
a 10-inch shell from Fort Morgan struck the "Kenne-
bec's" quarter, but did little harm, except knocking down
one man. That night she pursued the " Morgan," which
had escaped, and got into shoal water at " Dog River Bar."
From February to August, 1865, Lieutenant-Commander
McCann was in command of the " Tahoma," which was
disabled in a gale in the Gulf Stream; Naval Academv,
1866; command of" Tallapoosa;" naval rendezvous, and
navy-yard, Philadelphia, to 1870; light-house inspector,
and commanding " Nipsic" up to August, 1872.
July 2, 1872, commissioned commander, from July,
1866; advanced sixteen numbers; navy-yard, Norfolk,
and light-house inspector up to November 1, 1876.
Commissioned captain September 21, 1876; com-
manding "Lackawanna," in Pacific; receiving-ship
" Independence," California ; and flag-ship " Pensacola,"
Pacific, up to August, 1S82. Court-martial duty at
Washington, Hong-Kong, China, Panama, and Boston,
1883; member of Light-House Board from 1883 to
1887, and, in addition, president of Naval Advisory
Board from 1885 to 1887. Promoted to commodore
January 26, 1887. Served full term as commandant of
Boston Navy- Yard, and in addition as president of the
Navy- Yard Site Commission, and president of a Board
on the Policy for the Increase of the Navy.
Our space prevents more than a glance at Commodore
McCann's part in recent events which brought his name
prominently before the country.
In August, 1890, he was ordered to command the
South Atlantic Station, with rank of acting rear-admiral.
When the revolution in Chili occurred in 1891, the
South Pacific was embraced in his command. Upon his
arrival there he was engaged in protecting American
interests; at the same time initiating negotiations for
peace between the contending parties in the civil war,
which, unfortunately, had no result. We can only say
that his course throughout was approved by the Navy
Department and by the government. In May, 1892,
Commodore McCann was retired by operation of the
law governing the retirements.
254
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
REAR-ADMIRAL E. Y. McCAULEY, U.S.N.
(retired).
Rear-Admiral Edward Yorke McCauley was born
in Pennsylvania November 2, 1827, and was appointed a
midshipman from that State in September, 1841. He
served in the Mediterranean Squadron from 1S41 to 1845,
and then in the frigate " United States," on the African
Station, from [846 to 1848.
lie was promoted to passed midshipman August 10,
1S47, and was again in the Mediterranean, in the frigate
"Constitution," for three years. Passed Midshipman
McCauley had ,1 great facility in the languages spoken
on the shores of the Mediterranean, ami was a most use-
ful officer there, on that account, in addition to his naval
acquirements. He served in the steam-frigate "Pow-
hatan," in East Indies and China, 1852-56, and present
at the attack on pirates, in China Sea, in 1855.
lie was commissioned lieutenant September 14, 1855.
During 1856-57 he was attached to the receiving-ship
at Philadelphia. When the memorable "cable expedi-
tion" took place, in 1857-58, he served on board the
steam-frigate " Niagara."
On August 19, 1859, while on duty at the Naval ( )b-
servatory at Washington, he resigned from the service;
but upon the breaking out of the war of the Rebellion,
in 1 861, he re-entered, with the rank of acting lieutenant,
and was attached to the steamer " Flag," of the South
Atlantic Blockading Squadron, during 1861-62.
He was commissioned lieutenant-commander in the
regular service on Jul)' 16, 1 862, and commanded the
steamer " Fort Henry," of the East Gulf Blockading
Squadron, 1.S62-63. During this time he made a boat
attack upon Bayport, Florida, and two skirmishes with
the enemy. In 1S63-64 he commanded the gun-boat
"Tioga," of tlie East Gulf Blockading Squadron, and in
1864-65 the gun-boat "Benton," of the Mississippi
Squadron.
In 1S66-67 he was on "special duty" in Philadelphia,
having been commissioned as commander in 1 S66.
During a part of the years 1 S67-6S he served as fleet-
captain of the North Atlantic Squadron, and then was
■ it the navy-yard at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, for
two years. After this he was stationed at the Naval
Academy, Annapolis, during 1871-72.
lie was commissioned captain September 4, 1872, and
commanded the steam-sloop "Lackawanna," on the
Asiatic Station, from 1S72 to 1S75. From 1S75 to 187S
he was on duty at the Boston Navy- Yard, and from 1S7S
to 1S80 at the Naval Asylum at Philadelphia.
He was promoted to commodore August 1, 1881, and
was commandant at League Island in 1SS4-S5.
He was promoted to rear-admiral in March, 1885, and
commanded the Pacific Station during [885-86.
He was retired on his own application, under the law,
in January, 1887.
WHO SERVED FN THE CIVIL WAR.
-55
COLONEL-COMMANDANT CHARLES G. McCAWLEY,
U.S.M.C. (deceased).
Colonel-Commandant Charles G. McCawley was
born in Pennsylvania, but appointed from Louisiana ;
commissioned as second lieutenant March 3, 1847; >n
June ordered to join battalion of marines for service u ith
army in Mexico; participated in the storming of the
Castle of Chapultepec and taking of the City of Mexico ;
brevetted first lieutenant, for gallant and meritorious con-
duct in these actions, September 13, 1847; in August,
1848, was ordered for duty at marine barracks, Phila-
delphia ; December, [848, marine barracks, Boston; July,
1849, "Cumberland," Mediterranean Squadron; March,
1850, at Naples, to razee " Independence ;" August, 1852,
marine barracks, Philadelphia; fune, 1853, " Princeton,"
Home Squadron. Promoted first lieutenant January 2,
1855 ; July, 1855, marine barracks. New York; Decem-
ber, 1855, marine barracks, Boston; July, 1857, "Mis-
sissippi ;" detached and ordered to Philadelphia ; De-
cember, 1857, "Jamestown," at Philadelphia, for Home
Squadron; March, i860, marine barracks, Philadelphia;
December, i860, "Macedonian," Home Squadron, At-
lantic coast, West Indies, and Spanish Main ; January,
1862, marine barracks, Boston ; detached immediately
and ordered to join battalion of marines at Bay Point,
South Carolina; April, 1 862, returned with battalion to
Washington. Received commission as captain July 26,
1861 ; ordered in command at head-quarters; May, [862,
ordered with detachment of two hundred men to reoccupy
the Norfolk Navy- Yard; hoisted the flag again on the
part of the navy ; October, 1862, ordered to head-quarters,
Washington, D. C. ; in command until Jul}-, 1863 ; ordered
to join battalion of marines, for service in South Atlantic
Squadron; served with same on Morris Island during
bombardment and destruction of Fort Sumter, and cap-
ture of Forts Wagner and Gregg; commanded a detach-
ment of one hundred men and officers in the boat attack
on Fort Sumter September 8, 1863; received a brevet as
major for gallant and meritorious conduct in this action ;
served on Foil)- Island, and, in December, 1863, battalion
returned to Philadelphia ; marine barracks, Philadelphia.
Promoted major June io, 1864; ordered to marine ren-
dezvous, Philadelphia; March, 1865, ordered to command
marine barracks, Boston. Promoted to lieutenant-colonel
December 5, 1867; August, 1871, ordered to command
marine barracks, Washington, D. C. ; June, appointed
superintendent of recruiting, in addition to other duty;
ordered to New York to attend to organizing the recruit-
ing service ; returned to Washington November, 1872.
Promoted colonel-commandant of the U. S. Marine Corps
November 1, 1876; head-quarters U.S. Marine Corps,
1 876-90.
Colonel McCawley was retired, by operation of law, on
account of age, in 1891. He died, soon after his retire-
ment, at Rosemont, Pennsylvania, on October 13, 1891.
256
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
MAJOR-GENERAL GEORGE B. McCLELLAN (deceased).
Major- General George B. McClellan was born in
Pennsylvania, and graduated from the Military Academy
July 1, 1846. He was promoted brevet second lieutenant
Corps of Engineers the same day, and second lieutenant
April 24, 1 S47. lie served in the war with Mexico, at-
tached to the company of sappers, miners, and pontoniers,
participating in opening the road from Matamoras to
Tampico, ami engaged in the siege of Vera Cruz, battle
of Cerro Gordo, skirmish of Amozoquc, battles of Con-
treras and Churubusco, constructing batteries against
Chapultepec, and assault and capture of the City of
Mexico, September 13-14, 1S47. lie was brevetted first
lieutenant August 20, I 847, for " gallant and meritorious
conduct in the battles of Contreras and Churubusco," and
captain September 8, 1847, for "gallant and meritorious
conduct in the battle of Molino del Key," which he de-
clined. He was then brevetted captain September 13,
1S47, for "gallant and meritorious conduct in the battle
of Chapultepec, Mexico."
Captain McClellan was ordered to West Point, New
York, at the close of the Mexican War, attached to the
company of engineer troops, part of the time in com-
mand, and then was assistant engineer in the construction
of Fort Delaware to 1S52. He was then detailed as
engineer of an exploring expedition to the sources of the
Red River of Texas ; after which he was chief engineer of
the Department of Texas, and in charge of surveys of
rivers and harbors on the Gulf coast to 1 S53 ; was en-
gineer for exploring and survey of the Western Division
of the Union Pacific Railroad through the Cascade Moun-
tains in 1853-54.
He was promoted captain First Cavalry Alarch 3, 1855,
and was detailed as a member of the military commis-
sion to the "Theatre of War in Europe," in 1855-56, his
official report being published by order of Congress in
1857, embracing his remarks upon the operations in
the Crimea. He resigned from the army January 16,
1857.
Captain McClellan then became chief engineer of the
Illinois Central Railroad, and subsequently vice-president
of the same; and in i860 was president of the St. Louis
ami Cincinnati Railroad. When the Rebellion began he
was made major-general ofOhio volunteers April 23, 1861,
and major-general U. S. Army May 14, 1861. He served
in the Department of the Ohio, and was engaged in the
action of Rich Mountain, West Virginia, July 1 1, [861,
and, by a forced march upon the rebel camp, compelled
General Pegram's surrender July 12, 1861.
The thanks of Congress were tendered General McClel-
lan, Julv 16, 1861, for " the series of brilliant and decisive
victories" achieved by his army over the rebels "on the
battle-fields of West Virginia."
General McClellan was then called to the command of
the Division of the Potomac August 17, of the Army of
the Potomac August 20, and as general-in-chief of the
Armies of the United States November 1, 1S61. He
participated in the advance on Manassas, in command of
the Army of the Potomac, and in the Virginia Peninsula
campaign, being engaged in the siege of Yorktown, occu-
pation of Williamsburg, battle of Fair Oaks ; the battles
of the Seven Days, with change of base to the James
River, from June 26 to July 2, 1862. He was in com-
mand of the defences of Washington, and in the Mary-
land campaign, in command of the Army of the Potomac,
from September 7 to November 10, and was engaged in
the battles of South Mountain, Antietam, and march to
Warrenton.
At this time he was relieved of his command, and was
waiting orders at New York City November 8, 1S64,
during which time he was nominated by the Chicago
Convention as a candidate for President of the United
States, but was defeated at the election in 1864 by Presi-
dent Abraham Lincoln. Heresigned November 8, 1S64,
and resided in New York City for a time, but subse-
quently established himself in a home at Orange, New
Jersey.
General McClellan translated from the French a " Man-
ual of Bayonet Exercises," adopted for the U. S. Army
in 1852. He edited his own " Personal Memoirs," which
were not published until after his death, which took place
on October 29, 1885, at Orange, New Jersey.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
>-S7
CAPTAIN AND BREVET LIEUTENANT-COLONEL
SAMUEL McCONIHE, U.S.A.
Captain and Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel Samuel
McConihe (Fourteenth Infantry) was born in New
Hampshire, September 8, 1836. He graduated at the
Union College, Schenectady, New York, in the Class
of 1856, as Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts, and
during the war of the Rebellion entered the volunteer
service as captain of the Ninety-third New York Infantry,
January 9, 1S62; he was promoted major December
3, 1863, and colonel of the same September 7, 1804.
Although he was commissioned as colonel by the Gov-
ernor of New York, he could not muster-in, owing to the
reduced numbers in his regiment, but he exercised the
command of his regiment as colonel from the time ap-
pointed until he was mustered out, February 15, 1865,
and his rank was acknowledged in the Army Register of
1867, but not since.
Colonel McConihe was in the field with the Army of
the Potomac, and participated in all its campaigns, from
the commencement of the year 1862 to the close of the
war, and was engaged at the siege of Yorktown and
battle of Williamsburg ; the battles of Antietam, Freder-
icksburg, and Chancellorsville ; the battles of the Wil-
derness (commanding regiment), Spottsylvania, North
Anna, Tolopotomy, Cold Harbor; action at Strawberry
Plains; battles of Deep Bottom, Poplar Spring Church,
Petersburg, and first Boydton Road ; the battles of
Hatcher's Run and second Boydton Road; and was
brevetted colonel and brigadier-general of volunteers
March 1 3, 1865, for " conspicuous gallantry in the battles
of the Wilderness and Spottsylvania, and for gallant and
meritorious services during the war."
He was guard at the head-quarters of the army in
September, 1862, and served at Richmond, Virginia, in
1865.
Colonel McConihe entered the regular service as
second lieutenant of the Fourteenth Infantry February
23, 1866, and was promoted first lieutenant the same
day. He joined his regiment on the Pacific coast, and
served with it there until 1870, when the regiment was
transferred to the Department of the Platte, he serving
there and in the Department of the Missouri to 1S85,
when he was sent to the Department of the Columbia,
remaining there until September 8, 1890, at which time
he was ordered to the Department of the Missouri, and
stationed at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, where he is at
the present time.
He was promoted captain of the Fourteenth Infantry
February 25, 1876.
LTpon entering the regular service, he was brevetted
captain March 2, 1867, for "gallant and meritorious
services in the battle of the Wilderness, Virginia ;"
major March 2, 1867, for "gallant and meritorious ser-
vices in the battle of Spottsylvania, Virginia;" and lieu-
tenant-colonel March 2, 1867, for " gallant and merito-
rious services during; the war."
33
>5S
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NA VY ireculak)
BRIGADIER- AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL ALEX-
ANDER McD. McCOOK, U.S.A.
Brigadier- and Brevet Major- General Alexander
McD. Mi Cook was born in Ohio April 22, [831, and
graduated at the Military Academy July 1, 1852. He was
promoted brevet second lieutenant Third Infantry the
same day; second lieutenant June 30, 1854; first lieuten-
ant Dec. 6, 1858; and captain May 14, 1S61. He served
at Newport Barracks and Jefferson Barracks until 1853,
when he was ordered on frontier duty at Fort Fillmore,
New Mexico, and was scouting against Apache Indians in
1854. I Ie was stationed at Fort Union, and participated
in an expedition against Utah and Apache Indians, on
commissary duty, in 1855, being engaged in the actions of
Sauwatchie Pass and Arkansas River. Was at Canton-
ment Burgwin, New Mexico, in [855-56; on the Gila Ex-
pedition, as chief of guides, and engaged in action on the
Gila River, June 27, 1856; on leave of absence 1857-58,
and at the Military Academy, as assistant instructor «,f
infanta- tactics, from Feb. 12. 1858, to April 24, 1S61.
At the commencement of the war of the Rebellion he
.ned as mustering and disbursing officer at Columbus,
Ohio, and in the defences of Washington City, May to
July, [86l, and was engaged in the action of Vienna,
June 17, and in the battle of Bull Run, fuly 21, 1861.
Me was appointed colonel of the First Ohio Volun-
teers, to date from April 16, 1861, and was employed in
recruiting and organizing his regiment at Dayton. He was
mustered out of the volunteer service August 2, 1 861, and
reappointed colonel of the First Ohio Volunteers August
10, i86i,and appointed brigadier-general of volunteers
September 3, 1861. He commanded a brigade in the
Department of the Cumberland, and participated in the
operations in Kentucky, October to December, 1861.
He was then assigned to the command of a division in
the Army of the < >hio, participating in the movement to
Nashville and Pittsburg Landing, in the battle of Shiloh,
advance upon and siege of Corinth, operations in North
Alabama, and movement through Tennessee to Louis-
ville, Kentucky, June to September, 1S62.
General McCook was appointed major-general of vol-
unteers Jul\- 17, 1S62, and was assigned to the command
of the First Corps, Army of the Ohio, and participated
in the advance into Kentucky in October, 1X62, and was
engaged in the battle of Perryville and march to the
relief of Nashville, October, 1862. He was in command
of Nashville, Tennessee, November and December, 1862,
and was then placed in command of the right wing of
the Fourteenth Corps from December 14, 1862, to Janu-
ary 12, 1863; and of the Twentieth Corps from January
to October, 1863. He was in the Tennessee campaign,
anil was engaged in several skirmishes on the march to
Murfreesborough, in the battle of Stone River, combat of
Liberty Gap (in command), advance on Tullahoma, cross-
ing the Cumberland Mountains and Tennessee River,
ami in battle of Chickamauga. He was awaiting orders
from October, 1863, to November, 1864, being engaged,
while at Washington City, in the defence of the Capital,
July 11-12, [864; and in the Middle Military Division
from November, 1 864, to February, 1865. Commanded
the District of Eastern Arkansas from Feb. to May, 1865.
He was brevetted for gallant and meritorious services:
lieutenant-colonel March 3, 1862, at the capture of Nash-
ville, Tennessee; colonel April 7, 1862, at the battle of
Shiloh, Tennessee ; brigadier-general March 13, [865, at
the battle oi Perryville, Kentucky; and major-general
March 13, [865, in the field during the Rebellion.
General McCook was with a joint committee of Con-
gress, investigating Indian affairs, from May to October,
1865 ; was then on leave of absence and awaiting orders
to March i~, 1867. He resigned his commission as major-
general of volunteers October 21, [865, and was promoted
lieutenant-colonel of the Twenty-sixth Infantry March 5,
[ 867, transferred to Tenth Infantry in 1869, and promoted
colonel of Sixth Infantry December 15, 1880. He served
with his regiment in various departments, and was acting
inspector-general of the Department of the Missouri from
December, 1874, to June, 1 S 7 3 , and then colonel and aide-
de-camp to the general of the army to December, 1880.
He was in command of the post of Fort Leavenworth
and the Infantry and Cavalry School of Application from
May 13, 1886, to August 28, 1890; appointed brigadier-
general July 11, 1890, and assigned to command the
Department of Arizona, which position he now occupies.
General McCook is the son of Major Daniel McCook,
who was born in 1796, and killed in battle by Morgan's
guerillas near Buffington Island, Ohio, July 19, 1863.
Seven of his brothers took part in the war for the Union,
three of whom, like their father, were killed. Four of
the eight McCook brothers attained the rank of general.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
259
MAJOR TULLY McCREA, U.S.A.
Major Tully McCrea (Fifth Artillery) was born in
Mississippi July 23, 1839, and graduated at the Military
Academy in the Class of 1862. I [e was promoted second
lieutenant of the First Artillery June 17, 1862, and first
lieutenant November 4, 1863. He served in the field
with the Army of the Potomac, participating in the
Maryland, Rappahannock, and Pennsylvania campaigns,
and was engaged in the battles of Antietam, Fredericks-
burg, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg, and in the oper-
ations incident thereto. He also participated in the
campaign in Florida, and was engaged in the battle of
Olustee, where he was severely wounded, and compelled
to leave the field, remaining on sick-leave from February
to October, 1X64. He was then detailed at West Point,
as assistant professor of geography, history, and ethics,
until August 31, 1865; and as assistant professor of
mathematics to June 23, 1866.
He was b revetted first lieutenant September 17, [862,
for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of An-
tietam ; captain, July 3, [863, for gallant and meritorious
services at the battle of Gettysburg ; major, February
20, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle
of Olustee, Florida (where he was severely wounded).
He was also honorably mentioned in the " Records of
the Rebellion," in the report of the chief of artillery,
Second Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, on the battle
of Gettysburg, as follows:
" Honorable mention should be made- of . . . Second
Lieutenant Tully McCrea . . . for their distinguished
coolness and braver)-."
Lieutenant McCrea was quartermaster of the first
Artillery from June 20 to November 20, 1866, at Fort
Hamilton, New York'. He was appointed captain of the
Forty-second Infantry July 28, 1866; and was detailed
on recruiting service at Newark-, New Jersey, and Har-
risburg, Pennsylvania, from September, 1866, to April,
1867, when he was ordered to Madison Barracks, New
York, where he commanded his company until August,
1867, and then was transferred to Fort Porter, New York.
In June, 1868, he was on waiting orders and conducted
recruits to California. In October, 186S, he was detailed
at West Point as quartermaster of the Military Academy,
remaining there until August, 1.S72, at which time he
was ordered to Washington, 1). C, as deputy governor of
the Soldiers' 1 lomc.
Upon being relieved from duty at the Soldiers' Home
in July, 1875, having been assigned to the First Artillery,
December 15, 1870, he took station at St. Augustine,
Florida, but was transferred to Fort Trumbull, Connec-
ticut, the following December, remaining there until Jul)',
1876, when ordered to Fort Sill, Indian Territory. In
November, 1876, Captain McCrea was ordered to Wash-
ington, D. C, and in April, 1877, again took station at
Fort Trumbull, from which point he was sent to assist
in suppressing the railroad disturbances in Pennsylvania.
Returning to Fort Trumbull in the following November,
he remained there until November, 1881, when his regi-
ment was transferred to the Pacific coast, and he took
station at the Presidio of San Francisco, lie afterwards
served at Fort Winfield Scott, California, the Presidio,
and Vancouver Barracks, Washington, until February,
1 889.
He was promoted major of the Fifth Artillery Decem-
ber 4, 1888, and joined his regiment at Governor's Island
in February, 1889, but had hardly become settled, when
he was again transferred to the Pacific coast with his
regiment, and is now serving on that station.
260
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
COMMANDER FELIX McCURLEY, U.S.N.
Commander Felix McCurley was born in Baltimore,
Maryland ; appointed an acting master in the navy No-
vember 13, [861, at the request of the Honorable Rev-
erdy Johnson, of Baltimore, Maryland, and ordered to
the U. S. S. " Winona," West Gulf Blockading Squad-
ron, 1861-62; engaged in several skirmishes with Forts
Jackson and St. Philip, and in the attack on April 24,
1S62.
Engaged in the attack on and passage of Vicksburg
batteries June 28, [862 ; also in the engagement with the
iron-clad "Arkansas," on the Mississippi River above
Vicksburg, July 15, [862. Again engaged and passed
the batteries at Vicksburg in (J. S. S. " Winona." En-
gaged, also, in the destruction of Grand Gulf City, in
U. S. S. " Winona," and in numerous skirmishes and
rights on the Mississippi River.
October 12, 1863, engaged in fights with Fort Morgan,
while in command of U. S. steamer " Eugenia" (Glascow ) ;
1863 and 1864 attached to U. S. S. " Lackawanna," and in
her engaged in the attack and passage of Forts Morgan
and Gaines, and subsequent engagement in Mobile Bay
with iron-clad "Tennessee" and other vessels of Con-
federate fleet. Afterwards promoted to acting volunteer
lieutenant, and during latter part of 1864 ami first part
of 1865 commanded U. S. S. " Selina" and U. S. S.
" Chocura." From 1 S67 to 1870 attached to U. S. S.
" Quinnebaug," Smith .Atlantic Squadron. Stationed at
1 [ydrographic Office, 1870. Attached to U. S. S. " Wor-
cester," Fmropean Station, 1871.
On duty at Hydrographic Office, 1871-73.
Commissioned as master March 12, 1868 ; as lieutenant
December 18, [868; as lieutenant commander March 2,
1 870.
Attached to U. S. S. "Alaska," European Station, from
August, 1873, to Jul\-, 1876; at Torpedo Station, New-
port, Rhode Island, 1877. Commanding U. S. S.
"Fortune," North Atlantic Station, 1878-79; U. S. S.
" Wabash," [881-82 ; U. S. S. " Franklin," [883-86.
Commissioned commander January, 1887; command-
ing U. S. iron-clads " Wyandotte," " Ajax," " Canoni-
cus," " Catskill," " Mahopac," " Lehigh," and " Manhat-
tan," in James River, 1889-90.
Commanding U. S. S. " Nipsic," Pacific Station, 1890,
1 89 1, ami 1892; commanding U. S. S. " Alliance," Asiatic
Station, during which time rescued the crews of two
shipwrecked Chinese vessels at sea, receiving letters of
thanks from Chinese authorities on both occasions.
Commander Felix McCurley is a son of James McCur-
ley and Elizabeth Wallace Graham, a grandson of Felix
McCurley and Mary Pierpont, and a great-grandson of
Morgan Pierpont and Mary Chew. His great-grand-
father fought in the Revolution, and both his grand-
fathers in the war with England in [812.
Commander McCurley married Miss Anna B. Fowble,
of Baltimore, and has two children, — James Wallace and
Edith Lisle McCurley.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
26 1
CAPTAIN JOHN McDONALD. U.S.A. (retired).
Captain John McDonald was born in Ireland, and
entered the regular service at Boston, Massachusetts, as
a private, August 18, 1857, and was assigned to Company
K of the First Dragoons. He joined his regiment at
Fort Buchanan, Arizona, and participated in several cam-
paigns against hostile Indians in Arizona and California.
He was ordered with his troop to the seat of war in No-
vember, 1 861, and served in the Army of the Potomai as
first sergeant of his troop during the Peninsula campaign,
for which he was complimented by his troop commander,
Captain B. F. Davis, for his conduct at Williamsburg,
Virginia, May 4, 1862.
He was appointed second lieutenant of the First Cav-
alry July 17, 1862, and sent to Carlisle, Pennsylvania, the
following August, to recruit his troop to one hundred
men. He rejoined his regiment in February, [863, and
was in the battle at Kelly's Ford, March 17 following,
being severely injured by his horse having been wounded
and falling with him while commanding the rear-guard.
He was complimented by General Averell, through his
regimental commander, for the part he bore in that action.
He had to be sent to Washington, D. C, in April, for
medical treatment; after which he was ordered to Car-
lisle, and in the November following to Harrisbursj,
Pennsylvania, where he was assigned to recruiting and
mustering duty.
Lieutenant McDonald was promoted first lieutenant
December 29, 1863, and rejoined his regiment at Win-
chester, Virginia, in November, 1864. He participated in
the cavalry raid to Gordonsville, Virginia, in December,
1864.
He was then sent to the general hospital for officers at
Annapolis, Maryland, in February, 1865, until May 15,
1865, when he was assigned to mustering duty in Bal-
timore, Maryland; after which he joined his regiment
at New Orleans, Louisiana, in June. Then he was or-
dered to California, with his regiment, in Januarv, 1866,
and from there to Arizona, in command of Troop G, in
March.
In July, 18(17, Lieutenant McDonald was on sick-leave,
and ordered to report to the medical director of the De-
partment of California, who recommended a change of
station.
While at Fort McDermitt he was assigned to the
command of Fort Halleck, Nevada, from which he was
relieved in October, and ordered to return to Fort
McDermitt as quartermaster and commissar}'.
A short while after this Captain McDonald was re-
quired to appear before a retiring board, at San Francisco,
in November, 1867. He was commanding Drum Bar-
racks, California, when ordered to his home, in Maryland,
January 15, 1868. He was promoted to captain July I,
1868, and retired the same day.
Captain McDonald was assigned to court-martial duty
in Texas from November, 1868, to March, 1869.
21 \2
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN ROBERT McDONALD, U.S.A. (retired).
Captain Robert McDonald was born in New York
May 12, 1822. He joined the U. S. Army July 21, 1856,
and was assigned to the Fifth Infantry, in Florida, partici-
pating in General Harney's Seminole campaign.
In 1856-57 ordered to compose the second column
of the Utah forces in General Johnston's Mormon cam-
paign, only tn arrive within fourteen miles of the city to
have a pardon proclamation by President Buchanan an-
nounced in orders.
In 1857 to 1 860 ordered to march to New Mexico to en-
gage in General Canby's Navajo campaign, and from [81 ii 1
to 1867 were occupied in subjugating and civilizing that
tribe (ten thousand strong), and in defeating the Army of
the Trans Mississippi, preserving to the Union New
Mexico, Arizona, and possibly California.' In [862—63,
though only .1 non-commissioned officer, he was given
charge of the defences of the Fort Union field-works,
ordnance, and ordnance stores, with orders to allow no
one inside the magazine, where the ammunition for the
whole Territory was stored. In 1864 he was ordered to
Annapolis, Maryland, for exam in. it ion for prorm ition. He
was assigned to duty as acting assistant quartermaster
and assistant commissary subsistence and provost-mar-
shal at El Paso, Texas, in 1865 ; ordered to Fort Sumner,
\i -w Mexico, and assigned to duty as acting assistant
quartermaster, assistant commissary subsistence, and as-
sistant commissary subsistence for the Navajo Indians, in
1 866, transferring them, by order of General Grant, to the
Department of the Interior. He was regimental quarter-
master from 1866 to 1869, and assigned to dutyas acting
assistant quartermaster and assistant commissary subsist-
ence twice at Fort Hays, Kansas; once at Fort Riley,
Kansas, and again at Fort Harker, Kansas, 1 868-69. I le
was then ordered to join his company at Fort Reynolds,
Colorado. He was detailed on recruiting service at
Louisville, Kentucky, from iSji to [872, and then joined
his company at Fort Larned, Kansas, and assigned to
dutyas acting assistant quartermaster and assistant com-
missar}' subsistence. 1 le was on duty guarding the line
of the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway, 1873—74.
lie was assigned as chief commissary of subsistence on
the staff of General Miles in his operations against the
hostiles ol the Southwest, and on dutyas acting assistant
quartermaster ami assistant commissary subsistence, camp
North Fork of Red River, Texas, 1874-75. Me joined
his company at Fort Riley, Kansas, and took station at
Fort Reno, Indian Territory, in 1876. His company was
ordered to join the regiment in the field in General
Terry's campaign against the hostiles of the Northwest, and
afterwards, with gre.it success, under General Miles, com-
manding the District of the Yellowstone; on duty as
assistant commissary subsistence at Fort Keogh, Mon-
tana. He was assigned to duty as chief commissary of
subsistence on the staff of General Miles in the operations
resulting in the defeat and capture of the Bannocks, Nez
Perces, Cheyennes, and Sioux ol the West and North-
west, assuring peace to the harassed settlements of Mon-
tana from [877 to 1S79. Captain McDonald was recom-
mended for the brevets of captain and major in 1867;
again as captain in 1S77. lie experienced a few conflicts
with Indians, beginning in the palms of Florida, continu-
ing on the alkaline plains of Kansas and Texas, the arid
wastes of New Mexico and Arizona, and ending amid the
dreary, frozen wilds of Montana, — once leading the Nav-
ajos against the Comanches, fighting from early dawn
unto the afternoon, the captain being the only white person
in the fight. Again, when, contrary to advice, the tem-
porary post commander brought on a conflict between
the troops A\v\ the Navajos, in which three successive
detachments of cavalry, with fatal casualties, were whipped
and chased into the post, a general assault being immi-
nent, declining any escort, he undertook to quell the
disturbance. He was deserted on the way by the two
principal chiefs. lie sought the hostile leaders and suc-
ceeded, though not until twelve arrows in the hands of so
many horsemen, each bowstring at the ear, were pointed
at his breast.
Captain McDonald was retired from active service, by
operation of law, May 12, 1 886.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
-r,3
CAPTAIN THOMAS M. McDOUGALL, U.S.A. (retired).
Captain Thomas M. McDougall was horn at Fori
Crawford, Prairie du Cliicn, Wisconsin, May 21, 1845.
He is the son of Brevet Brigadier-General Charles
McDougall, surgeon U. S. Army, deceased. He served
as second lieutenant and aide-de-camp of volunteers,
when only seventeen years of age, at Milliken's Bend
and Goodrich Landing, Louisiana, until January 22,
1 CS64. He was appointed second lieutenant Forty-
eighth U. S. Colored Infantry February 18, [864, and
was aide-de-camp to General John I'. Hawkins, com-
manding the First Division of U. S. Colored Troop,
He was relieved from this duty October 17, 1S64, and
made assistant commissary of musters of the post and
defences of Vicksburg, from which he was relieved and
appointed aide-de-camp and commissary of musters,
February, 1865; afterwards appointed commissary of
musters of the Division of Colored Infantry, lie was
also on the staff of General Emory Upton, as provost-
marshal, District of Colorado, and assistant commissary
of musters, October 16, 1865.
Captain McDougall, while on duty in Louisiana,
participated in the engagements at Haines' Bluff, Ya/.oo
City, Port Gibson, and Grand Gulf, Mississippi, and
while in Florida those of Perdido River, Florida, siege
and assault of Fort Blakely, Alabama, and the capture
of Mobile
He was honorably mustered out of the Irorty-eighth
U.S. Colored Infantry June 1, 1865, to enable hint to
accept a captaincy in the Fifth U. S. Volunteer Infantry;
and, having joined that regiment, proceeded with it to
the Plains, marching from Missouri to Selina, Kansas,
thence to Fort Riley, Kansas ; and from that place
to Denver, Colorado, arriving there October if>, 1805,
having been engaged in an affair witli Indians near Fort
Ellsworth, Kansas. He was at Camp Collins, Colorado,
June 1 1, 1866, to muster out the Twenty-first New York
Cavalry, and a few days later was ordered to Fort Colum-
bus, New York harbor, and was honorably mustered
out of the volunteer service August 10, 1866.
Captain McDougall entered the regular service as
second lieutenant Fourteenth Infantry May 10, 1866;
was transferred to the Thirty-second Infantry Septem-
ber 21, 1866; was promoted first lieutenant November
5, 1866; was again transferred to the Twenty-first
Infantry April 19, 1869; was unassigned October 21,
1869; was assigned to the Seventh Cavalry December
31, 1870; and was promoted captain December 15, 1875.
When first assigned to the regular service, he was
ordered to take recruits by sea from New York to Cali-
fornia, and after accomplishing that duty he served at
numerous posts until August, 1867, when he was changed
to Arizona, and subsequently, in 1869, his station was
changed to Fort Vancouver. After being transferred to
the cavalry, he was with Stanley's Yellowstone Expedi-
tion, escorting the Northern Pacific Railroad Survey,
from May 7 to October 1, 1873. He was in the field
almost every summer while in the cavalry service, scout-
ing, protecting construction trains, etc., etc. He partici-
pated in engagements with Indians at Aravipa Canon,
Tonto Basin, Point of Mountain, and Rock Springs,
Arizona, and in action at the mouth of the Big Horn
with hostile Indians, August [I, 1873. While on Ku-
Klux duty in the South, he had a skirmish with
illicit distillers at McGownsville, and Limestone Springs,
South Carolina, in 1871.
Captain McDougall took- part in the Big Horn and
Yellowstone Expedition of 1876, and with his troop was
rear-guard and in charge of the pack-train of Custer's
command in the battle of the Little Big Horn, Montana
Territory, June 25 and 26. He also commanded the
Third Battalion of the Seventh Cavalry, as part of the
escort to Chief Joseph and his band of Indians to camp
opposite Fort Abraham Lincoln, North Dakota, and
took station at Fort Yates, January 2, 1883. He
marched with Troop B, Seventh Cavalry, to Port Meade,
South Dakota, arriving there October 17, 1886, and
remained until May 17, [888, when he was granted leave
of absence on account of sickness, after which he was
ordered to appear before a retiring board at San
Antonio, Texas, June ir, 1889, and, having been found
incapacitated for active service, was retired July 22, I 890.
264
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY 1 regular)
MAJOR-GENERAL IRWIN McDOWELL, U.S.A.
(deceased).
Major-General Ikwix McDowell was born in Ohio,
and graduated from the Military Academy July 1, [838.
He was promoted to brevet second lieutenant the same
day, and second lieutenant, First Artillery, July 7, [838.
He served on the Northern frontier during the Canadian
Border disturbances, and on the .Maine frontier, pending
the "Disputed Territory," until 1 841, when he was de-
tailed at the Military Academy as assistant instructor of
infantry tactics, and as adjutant, to October 8, 1845;
then as aide-de-camp to Brigadier-General Wool to May
■3. 1847, when the war with Mexico occurred, and he-
was employed in mustering in volunteers. He was pro-
moted first lieutenant ( Ictober 7, [842, which he retained
to February 22, I 85 I .
Lieutenant McDowell was acting assistant adjutant-
general of the army commanded by Brigadier- General
Wool, on the march for Chihuahua, from August, [846,
to January, 1S47, and was engaged in the battle of
Buena Vista, for which he was I .revetted captain Febru-
ary 23, 1847. He was then made brevet captain of staff
(assistant adjutant-general) May [3, [847, and was adju-
tant-general to Brigadier-General Wool's division in the
Army of Occupation, to May 22, 1 848. 1 le was then on
duty mustering out and discharging troops.
In [848-49 he was on duty as assistant adjutant-gen-
eral at the War Department, and at the head-quarters of
the army at New York City until 1851, when he was on
duty at various head-quarters until 1858, having been
made brevet major of staff (assistant adjutant-general)
March 31, 1856. From November 17, [858, to November
14, [859, he was on leave of absence in Europe, and on
returning from leave was assistant adjutant-general at
the head-quarters of the army to January 1 1, [860, when
he was transferred to Texas. After two months' service
there he was on leave of absence from April S to August,
i860, when he made a tour of inspection in Minnesota,
Missouri, and Kansas, to February, [861. He was then
employed in inspecting troops in Washington City to
April, 1861. He assisted in organizing and mustering
District of Columbia volunteers into the service at Wash-
ington, and was in command of the Capitol building to
May, 1 861, when he was made brigadier-general United
States Army, and placed in command of the Department
of Northeast Virginia, and of the defences of Washington
south of the Potomac, and subsequently in command of
the Army of the Potomac to July 25, 1861. He organ-
ized the Manassas campaign, and commanded in the
battle of Bull Run, July 21, iS6[. He was, on July 2\,
placed in command of a division in the defences of
Washington, D. C., which he retained until March 13,
1862, when he was appointed major-general of volunteers.
He was then assigned to the First Corps of the Army
of the Potomac, and commanded the Department and
Arm)- of the Rappahannock from April 4 to August 12,
[862, at which time he was assigned to the command
<>f the Third Corps, Army of Virginia, and was in the
Northern Virginia campaign (Pope's), being engaged in
the battle of Cedar Mountain, action of Rappahannock
Station, and battle of second Bull Run, August 29-30,
1862.
After this campaign General McDowell was detailed
as president of a court for investigating alleged cotton
frauds, from May to July, 1863, and of Board for Retiring
Disabled Army Officers, at Wilmington, Delaware, to
May 21, 1864, when he was assigned to the command of
the Department of the Pacific to June 27, 1865, and of
the Department of California from that date.
He was brevetted major-general, United States Army,
March [3, 1865, for "gallant and meritorious services at
the battle of Cedar Mountain, Virginia," and was mus-
tered out of the volunteer service September 1, 1866.
He was appointed major-general, United States Army,
November 25, 1872, and commanded the Military Division
of the Pacific up to the date of his retirement from the
army, by operation of law, October 15, 1SS2. He died
at San Francisco, California, May 4, 1SS5.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
265
COMMANDER CHARLES McGREGOR, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Commander Charles McGregor was born in Ohio,
but was appointed a midshipman from Illinois in Sep-
tember, i860. He remained at the Naval Academy
until 1863, when the advanced classes were sent to war-
service. But while on leave of absence, in 1862, he
volunteered against Kirby Smith, and was assigned to
duty, — at first with the army, and afterwards transferred
to the gun-boat flotilla, under Commander Duble, of the
gun-boat service, and received commendations from that
officer and General Wallace for services rendered. In
1 Si >2 he also acted as acting assistant professor at the
Naval Academy. He was promoted to ensign May,
1863; steam-gun-boat " Tuscarora," North Atlantic
Blockading Squadron, 1863-64; steam-sloop " Juniata,"
North and South Atlantic Blockading Squadrons, 1864-
65 ; in both attacks upon Fort Fisher, and in the land
assault on the same, and received the commendation < >f
his commanding officer. Ensign McGregor was in the
expedition to Bull's Bay at the time of the capture of
Charleston.
He was attached to the " Juniata" during her service
in Brazil, 1865-67; promoted master January 10, 1865 ;
commissioned lieutenant July, 1866; and served in the
flag-ship " Powhatan," South Pacific Squadron, 1867-69;
commissioned as lieutenant-commander March, 1868, and
served during the next year in the " Powhatan" once
more, when flag-ship of the West India Squadron. After
service at the Naval Observatory and the Naval Academy,
he was ordered to the flag-ship " Wabash," European
Squadron, and was afterwards attached to the " Shenan-
doah," on the same station. From 1875 to 1878 he was
on duty at Boston and at Washington upon equipment
duty, being promoted commander in 1878. In 1880-81
commanded the " Despatch," upon special service. In
1SS2 he was in command of the " Nantucket." From
1SS5 to 1888 he commanded the U. S. S. "Alliance" on
the South Atlantic Station, and was light-house inspector
of the Prourteenth District in 1890.
Commander McGregor died at Cincinnati, Ohio, on
August 1, 1 89 1.
34
266
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY regular)
MAJOR G. W. McKEE, U.S.A.
(deceased).
Major G. W. McKee was graduated at the Military
Academy June 11, 1863, and promoted first lieutenant of
ordnance. lie was engaged in active operations at Forts
Gregg and Wagner, South Carolina, and in mounting
guns in the Swamp Angel and other batteries on Morris
Island, South Carolina, for the bombardment of Charles-
ton, from September, (863, until February, 1864.
He organized the ordnance department of the Shen-
andoah Valley, and was engaged in the conib.it of New
Market, Virginia, and several skirmishes from Mount
Jackson to Cedar Creek', in May, [864, and as chief ord-
nance officer, Department of West Virginia, and on the
staff of Major-General Sheridan, from 186410 1865. lie
was brevetted captain and major " for efficient and valu-
able services during the Rebellion," and was promoted
successively from first lieutenant to major of ordnance,
which latter rank he held at the time of his death, De-
cember 30, 1891, at which date he was in command of
Frankford Arsenal and a member of the Magazine-Gun
Board.
Major McKee served as assistant instructor of ordnance
and gunnery, and as assistant professor of chemistry,
mineralogy, and geology at the U. S. Military Academy ;
assistant at Watertown, Benicia, St. Louis, and Rock
Island Arsenals, and at the National Armory ; in com-
mand of the Washington, Allegheny, and Frankford
Arsenals; in charge of the manufacture' of heavy rifled
(.union; as a member of the Ordnance Board; of the
board for testing rifled cannon of the Magazine-Gun
Board, 1891, and on various boards for the determination
of important questions concerning ordnance material,
etc.
The chief of ordnance, General D. W. Flagler, in an-
nouncing to the ( (rdnance Corps the death of Major
McKee, and after reciting in detail his valuable services,
adds :
" In addition to Major McKee's important military
services as briefly sketched above, he is the author of
many valuable professional papers which have appeared
in ordnance publications, and the department is indebted
to him for much valuable scientific investigation and
research.
" The department, the service, and the country have
suffered a serious loss in the death of an officer whose
abilities and service were much needed.
"Few officers have ever been so widely known and
have had so man}' devoted friends, both in the army and
throughout the country, as Major McKee.
" Mis eminently great and good qualities of mind,
heart, and character ; his affection for and stanch loy-
alty and devotion to his friends ; his contempt and hatred
of whatever was wrong or mean ; his unselfishness,
charity, and gentleness, won for him the high admiration
and friendship of all who knew him. His talents and
man}- entertaining qualities made him a most welcome
and agreeable companion. But above all else, the man
won the love of all those who knew him well, and it is
in this last which now causes the deep sorrow for his
loss.
" Major McKee's father, Colonel William R. McKee
(Class of 1829, U. S. Military Academy), was killed at
Bueiia Vista, Mexico ; his brother, Hugh McKee, of the
navy, was killed at Corea. . . ."
Both of these gallant officers, father and son, laid
down their lives in the service of their country at the
head of assaulting columns.
To the friends of Major McKee the wish was often
expressed, that he, too, like that father and son, might
find a grave on the battle-field.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
267
BRIGADIER-GENERAL JAMES B. McPHERSON, U.S.A.
(deceased).
Brigadier-General James B. McPherson was born
in Ohio in 1829, and graduated at the Military Academy
July 1, 1853. He was promoted brevet second lieutenant.
Corps of Engineers, the same day, and second lieutenant
December 18, 1854. He served at the Military Academy
as assistant instructor of practical engineering to Septem-
ber 6, 1854, and was assistant engineer in the construction
and repairs of the defi aces of New York harbor; as super-
intending engineer of the building of Fort Delaware; of
the construction of the defences of Alcatraz Island, San
Francisco harbor; in charge of the engineer operations
at Boston harbor, Massachusetts, and recruiting sappers,
miners, and pontoniers, from 1S54 to 1861. I fe was pro-
moted first lieutenant December 13, 1858, and was ap-
pointed captain of the Nineteenth Infantry May 14, 1861,
which he declined, and received his promotion as captain
of engineers August 6, 1861. He was appointed lieuten-
ant-colonel of staff November 12, 1861, anil colonel of
staff May 1, 1S62. He served as aide-de-camp to Gen-
eral Halleck, and as chief engineer on the staff of General
Grant from November 12, 1 86 1, to the date of his appoint-
ment as brigadier-general of volunteers, May 15, and
major-general of volunteers, October 8, 1862.
No better sketch of his military life can be furnished
than that given by General Grant, when recommending
him for promotion, as follows :
" He has been with me in every battle since the com-
mencement of the Rebellion, except Belmont. At Forts
Henry and Donelson, Shiloh and the siege of Corinth,
as a staff-officer and engineer, his services were conspicu-
ous and highly meritorious. At the second battle of
Corinth his skill as a soldier was displayed in successfully
carrying reinforcements to the besieged garrison when
the enemy was between him and the point to be readied.
In the advance through Central Mississippi, General Mc-
Pherson commanded one wing of the army with all the
ability possible to show, — he having the lead in the
advance and the rear retiring.
" In the campaign and siege terminating with the fall of
Vicksburg, General McPherson has filled a conspicuous
part. At the battle of Port Gibson, it was under his direc-
tion that the enemy was driven, late in the afternoon, from
a position they had succeeded in holding all day against
an obstinate attack. His corps, the advance always under
his immediate eye, were the pioneers in the movement
from Port Gibson to Hawkinson's Ferry. From the north
fork of the Bayou Pierre to Black River it was a constant
skirmish, the whole skilfully managed. The enemy was
so closely pressed as to be unable to destroy their bridge
of boats after them. From Hawkinson's Ferry to Jack-
son the Seventeenth Army Corps marched on roads not
travelled by other troops, fighting the entire battle of
Raymond alone; and the bulk of Johnston's army was
fought by this corps, entirely under the management of
General McPherson. AtChampion Hills the Seventeenth
Corps and General McPherson were conspicuous. All
that could be termed a battle there was fought by the
divisions of General McPherson's corps and General Ho-
vey's division of the Thirteenth Corps. In the assault of
the 22(1 of May, on the fortifications of Vicksburg, and
dining the entire siege, General McPherson and his com-
mand took unfading laurels, lie is one of the ablest
engineers and most skilful generals. I would respectfully,
but urgently, recommend his promotion to the position
of brigadier-general in the regular army."
As a result of the above letter, General McPherson was
appointed brigadier-general U.S. Army August i, 1863,
and he was awarded — October, 1863 — a medal of honor,
by the officers of his corps, lor "the gallant manner in
which he had led them during the campaign and siege
of Vicksburg."
( ieneral McPherson was killed July 22, 1S64, in the re-
pulse of a sortie from Atlanta, Georgia. Soon after his
death, General Grant addressed the following letter to
General McPherson's aged grandmother :
" I am glad to know the relatives of the lamented
Major-General McPherson are aware of the more than
friendship existing between him and myself. A nation
grieves at the loss of one so dear to our nation's cause.
It is a selfish grief, because the nation had more to expect
from him than from almost anyone living. I join in this
selfish grief, and add the grief of personal love for the
departed. He formed for some time one of my military
family. I knew him well. It may be some consolation
to you to know that every officer and every soldier
who served under your grandson, felt for him the
highest reverence. Your bereavement is great, but can-
not excel mine."
268
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
MAJOR-GENERAL GEORGE GORDON MEADE. U.S.A.
(deceased).
Major-General George Gordon Meade: was born
at Cadiz, Spain, December 31, 1S15 ; his father, Richard
W. Meade, being at that time U. S. naval agent there.
His grandfather, George Meade, a wealthy merchant of
Philadelphia, had contributed liberally for the support of
the Revolutionary army. The grandson graduated at
the Military Academy in 1 S 3 5 , and entered the artillery
service. He participated in the war against the hostile
Seminole Indians, in Florida, but resigned in October,
1836, and became a civil engineer. He was engaged in
a survey of the mouths of the Mississippi ; and after-
wards on the boundary line of Texas, and on that of
Maine.
In 1842 he re-entered the army as second lieutenant
of topographical engineers, and during the- Mexican War
he served with distinction on the stalls of Generals
Taylor and Scott. He was afterwards employed in
light-house construction, and on the geodetic survey of
the great lakes.
In August, 1 86 1, he was appointed brigadier-general
of volunteers, and commanded the Second Brigade of
the Pennsylvania Reserve Corps.
In McClellan's Peninsula campaign, Meade fought at
Mechanicsville, Gaines' Mill, and Glendale, being severely
wounded in the latter engagement, second Bull Run.
He afterwards commanded a division at Antietam, and
when General Honker was wounded there, succeeded
temporarily to the command of the First Corps of the
Army of the Potomac.
General Meade was appointed major-general of vol-
unteers, and in December, 1862, led the attack which
broke through the right of Lee's line at Fredericks-
burg, but, not being supported, was obliged to fall back.
He was placed in command of the Fifth Corps, and,
though much esteemed by General Hooker, was not
called into action at Chancellorsville.
On the 28th of June, 1863, after Lee had crossed the
Potomac, mi his way to Pennsylvania, President Lincoln
placed General Meade in chief command of the Army of
the Potomac, then hastening to oppose Lee, wherever the
two armies should strategetically meet. This occurred
at the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, and after three
days of severe fighting, the Confederate arm)-, under its
ablest leader, was forced to retreat into Virginia. For
this victory he was made a brigadier-general in the
regular army.
In the spring of 1864, Lieutenant-General Grant being
placed in command of all the Union armies, General
Meade entered the field with the Army of the Potomac.
He, however, still retained the immediate command of
this army till the close of the war, discharging the duties
of his difficult and delicate position to the entire satis-
faction of General Grant. In the bloody battle of the
Wilderness, and the subsequent campaign, the Army of
the Potomac suffered severely.
In June, 1864, it was transferred to the south side of
the James, in order to capture Petersburg, the main
defence of Richmond on that side; but General Lee
saved the place by prompt reinforcements. The siege of
Petersburg lasted ten months, and at its close Richmond
had to be evacuated, and General Lee, after being pur-
sued from Petersburg to Appomattox Court-House,
with constant and severe fighting, surrendered April 9,
1865.
General Meade was appointed major-general U. S.
Army August 1 8, iSf'ij.
After the war, General Meade had command of the
Military Division of the Atlantic until August, 1866,
when he took command of the Department of the
East.
He received the thanks of Congress, January 28, 1866,
"for the skill and heroic valor which, at Gettysburg, re-
pelled, defeated, and drove back — broken and dispirited —
beyond the Rappahannock, the veteran army of the
Rebellion."
General Meade was subsequently placed in command
of the military district comprising Georgia, Florida, and
Alabama, with head-quarters at Atlanta. He died in
Philadelphia Nov ember 6, 1872. His fellow-citizens of
that city had presented him with a house, and after
his death raised a fund of one hundred thousand dollars
for his family.
General Meade had the degree of Doctor of Laws con-
ferred on him by Harvard College. Massachusetts, in
[865. He was a member of the Historical Society of
Pennsylvania, and of the Philadelphia Academy of Natu-
ral Sciences.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
269
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL FREDERICK MEARS, U.S.A.
(deceased).
Lieutenant-Colonel Frederick Mears was born in
New York City January 1, 1836, and was a member of
an old and influential family. He practised law before
the war, and in 1S61 went to Washington and tendered
his services to General C. P. Stone, then assistant adju-
tant-general for the District of Columbia. He served as
drill instructor at Washington, and rendered valuable and
important services to the country at a trying period in the
nation's history. He was appointed second lieutenant
of the Ninth Infantry in 1 861, and reported to General
Mansfield, then in command at Washington. Lieutenant
Mears instructed a force of fourteen thousand men in
company, battalion, and skirmish drill, working chiefly
on Tyler's brigade ; afterwards on baker's (of Oregon)
regiment, at Hampton Creek; and taking it to Washing-
ton, he was assigned as acting assistant adjutant-general
to the Provisional Brigade < >ffice. He was promoted to
first lieutenant May [7, 1861, and soon after was made
lieutenant-colonel of the First Regiment of Sharpshoot-
ers. In 1862 he joined his regiment .it Fort Vancouver.
Later he served as aide and assistant adjutant-general to
General Alvord, then commanding the District of Co-
lumbia.
He was promoted to captain the same year, and for
his good service at Point San Jose harbor, San Fran-
cisco, was commended in orders by the division com-
mander, General McDowell.
Captain Mears served in San Francisco during the
trouble arising from the assassination of President Lin-
coln, and had a long period of service with General
Crook on the frontier during the Indian troubles. After-
wards he served in the Yellowstone campaign under
General Stanley, Custer and his regiment forming part of
the command. In 1874 he assisted in building Camp
Robinson, Red Cloud Indian Agency, being in command
of the post when flag-staff troubles broke out, and what
may be termed the Sioux struck- the first blow that
brought on the war that lasted during 1875-77. Captain
Mears was also active in restoring quiet amongst Spotted
1 ail's band. Except for a few weeks' service in Chi-
ago during the riots, and a brief period in San Fran-
cisco harbor and at Fort Omaha, his services were for
twenty-one years with his company west of the Missouri
River, always discharging the duties assigned him with
alacrity, zeal, and ability. He devoted his best thoughts
to the interests of the service, endeavoring to better it by
writing on such subjects as "Target Practice," "Cook-
ing," "The Army Register," "The Muster-Rolls," etc.,
his suggestions being accepted, and many of them being-
enforced to-day.
On March 13, 1865, Captain Mears was brevetted major
for faithful and meritorious services, and his nomination
sent to the Senate for a brevet as lieutenant-colonel.
In 1883 he was promoted to major of the Twenty-fifth
Infantry, and in October, 1S87, was promoted to be lieu-
tenant-colonel of the Fourth Infantry. Lieutenant-Colo-
nel Frederick Mears died at his post of duty, at Fort
Spokane, Washington, on January 2, 1892, after a brief
illness.
He was a member of the Loyal Legion, Grand Army
of the Republic, Army of the Potomac, and a Veteran of
the Seventh New York Regiment.
2 70
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
BRIGADIER- AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL MONT-
GOMERY C. MEIGS, U.S.A. (deceased).
Brigadier- and Brevet Major-General Montgomery
C. Meigs was born in Augusta, Georgia, May 3, 1816.
He was a son of Charles 1). Meigs, M.D., and of Mary
Montgomery Meigs, who removed with him to Philadel-
phia when he was three months old. His father was of
an old Connecticut family, and his mother a daughter
of William Montgomery, merchant, of Philadelphia.
On graduating at the U. S. Military Academy at West
Point in [836, he entered the artillery, but within one
year was transferred to the Engineer Corps of the army.
His first engineering work was the repairing of Fort
Mifflin, on the Delaware River, and later in building Fort
Delaware, and the improvement of the Delaware River
and Bay and other places along the coast.
In 1850 he was in charge of building Fort Mont-
gomery, Take Champlain.
From [852 to i860 he was engaged in the designing
,md construction of Washington Aqueduct, and super-
intending construction of the new wings and great dome
of the Capitol; also the new halls of Congress. His
work' on the aqueduct included building the Cabin John
Bridge, with its largest stone arch in the world.
lie became captain of engineers in 1853. I lis other
work included extension of General Post-Office in Wash-
ington, and completion of Fort Madison, Annapolis.
In i860, on declining to obey an order given by Sec-
retary-of-War Floyd, because it plainly violated a law of
Congress, he was sent to Florida, to take charge of the
completion of Fort Jefferson, Dry Tortugas, where he
remained until his recall to Washington just before the
inauguration of President Lincoln, one of whose first ac-
tive war-measures was ordering him to plan and accom-
pany as its engineer an expedition for the relief and
reinforcement of Fort Pickens, Pensacola, then besieged
by the rebel forces ; and a few weeks later Mr. Lincoln,
on opening a telegram in the presence of some visitors
to the White House, exclaimed, " Here is the first good
news I have yet had : Captain Meigs telegraphs Fort
Pickens is reinforced !" He also largely contributed to
the holding of Forts Jefferson and Taylor by the gov-
ernment; and Mr. Seward, Secretary of State, said the
retaining of those three forts was of the greatest im-
portance to the Union cause, especially as at one period
of the war this action had great influence in preventing a
recognition of the Confederacy by foreign governments.
He returned to Washington and on May 14 was made
colonel of the Eleventh Infantry : on the next day was
made quartermaster-general of the U. S. Arm)-, with
the rank of brigadier-general, which position he held
until his retirement in 1882. During the Civil War the
expenditure of over nineteen hundred million of dollars
was intrusted to his direction, and history records how
this great duty was discharged.
He was present at the first battle of Bull Run and at
the battle of Lookout Mountain. During Grant's Rich-
mond campaign he hail personal charge of the base oi
supplies of his army at Fredericksburg and Belleplaine;
and when Washington was threatened by Early in 1864
he was placed in charge of the defences of that city, and
at that time he was brevetted major-general U. S. Army.
He met Sherman at Savannah, after his march to the
sea, with a fleet loaded with supplies for his arm)'.
When he visited Europe in 1867, on account of ill-
health, Mr. Seward, Secretary of State, while giving him
a letter to our ministers and consuls abroad, wrote:
"The prevailing opinion of this country sustains a firm
conviction which I entertain, and on all occasions cheer-
fully express, that without the services of this eminent
soldier the national cause must either have been lost
or deeply imperilled in the late Civil War."
He visited Europe in 1875-76 on special service.
In [882 he designed the Pension Bureau Building,
which he completed a few years later.
He was a Regent of the Smithsonian Institution and
.1 1'cllow of the National Academy of Science.
He died January 2, 1892, and was buried at Arlington
Cemetery with military honors. A general order from
head-quarters, by command of General Schofield, says:
"Genera! Meigs was personally a man of kind and ami-
able character, of strict probity and sense of right, and
of great breadth of intellect. The army has rarely pos-
sessed an officer who has combined within himself so
many and valuable attainments, and who was intrusted
by the government with a greater variety of weighty
responsibilities, or who proved himself more worthy of
confidence. There are few whose character and career
can be more justly commended, or whose lives are more
worthy of respect, admiration, and emulation."
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
271
ENGINEER-IN-CHIEF GEORGE W. MELVILLE, U.S.N.
It is rare to find high professional ability and the ca-
pacity to attend scrupulously to office-work and details
combined in the same individual with the daring spirit
and dauntless courage which lead to gallant deeds in the
face of the most distressing conditions under which men
can be placed. The " sound bod)-" enabled the " sound
mind" to do such things as Melville has accomplished, —
for his life has been one of strange and stirring ad-
venture.
Although his name will ever be associated with the
" Jeannette" Expedition, he was a volunteer for two other
well-known similar ventures to the far North, each of
which accomplished their mission " tuto, cito, jncunde" —
owing, in great measure, to the knowledge which he had
of the things to be provided, — -a complete outfit being
the necessary adjunct of success in undertakings of this
nature.
De Long, in his journals, bears full testimony to his
cheerful and steady co-operation during that trying drift
through entirely unknown seas. When the supreme
moment came, and with their own resources cut down to
the lowest amount, the part}' had to make for an un-
known shore, over a vast extent of ice and water, Mel-
ville was equal to the occasion. He commanded one of the
three boats engaged in the retreat, and accomplished the
feat of bringing that whole boat's-crew out alive, — while
the others perished, either in the icy waters of the Arctic
or the equally inhospitable waste about the Lena delta.
Most men would have thought that they had done
enough; but, after a few days of rest to recuperate his
forces, he again took his life in his hands and led a
party which discovered, far down in that lonely, wintry
waste, the bodies of De Long, Dr. Ambler, and their
ill-starred companions. One boat, he rightly judged,
had been lost during a night of storm, as they were
approaching the land. In searching for the other boat's-
crew " he fought his perilous and painful way, mile by
mile, through the rigors of perpetual winter and floating
archipelagoes of ice along the Arctic coast for over lux-
hundred miles, surviving the privations which had been
fatal to so many, and persevered until his search was
rewarded by the recovery of all the records of the
' Jeannette' Expedition. " In the face of obstacles pre-
sented by the worst season, he penetrated to the mouth
of the Lena in his search, and left no doubt that the
unfortunate crew of the third boat had not succeeded in
reaching the shore. As it was, he contributed to the
geography of the world a new and important chart of
that region.
It was under his charge that the rude but massive
tomb was built which sheltered the poor remains of
the lost, " and the rites of Christian burial were per-
formed over these martyrs to science and humanity,
where perpetual winter had embalmed them." They
were, however, subsequently exhumed 1)}- order of the
United States government and brought home, to be
laid among the dust of their kin, with impressive cere-
monies. The Russian government offered every assist-
ance to the officers who accomplished this pious mission,
while our own government conferred substantial rewards
upon those who had aided Melville in his extremity.
For his Arctic services Engineer Melville afterwards
received special promotion, with the approbation of the
whole navy and of the country at large.
Engineer-in-chief Melville was born in New York, of
Scottish lineage, on January 10, 1S41, and his education
was acquired in the public schools, the school of the
Christian Brothers, and the Brooklyn Polytechnic School.
He entered the navy at the outbreak of the Civil War,
and served well and faithfully, both during that trying
period and afterwards, — when peace came, — on our own
coast, in the West Indies, in Brazil, and on the East India
Station ; beside duty at navy-yards. He was everywhere
a favorite, on account of his cheerful, modest, and unos-
tentatious deportment, as well as for the zeal, bravery,
and endurance which he showed on all occasions which
were calculated to bring forth those qualities, — and they
are not few, even in the ordinary course of service. Mel-
ville was made engineer-in-chief of the navy and chief of
the Bureau of Steam-Faigineering in August, 1887, and
in January, 1892, was recommissioned in the same office,
with the entire approbation of the whole navy, as well as
that of the great industrial establishments with which he
necessarily comes in contact in conducting a vast business.
As an instance of his ability to accomplish unusual
feats, and his capacity for extraordinary effort, we may
mention the fact that in the summer of 1887 he himself
prepared the general designs of the machinery of five
vessels of the new navy.
272
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
COLONEL HENRY C. MERRIAM, U.S.A.
Colonel Henry C. Merriam (Seventh Infantry) was
born at Houlton, Maine, and educated at Colby Uni-
versity with degrees of A.B. and A.M., and member
of the American Institute of Civics. lie entered the
volunteer service as captain Twentieth Maine Volunteers,
and mustered into service August 29, 1862. He partici-
pated in the battles of Antietam, Shepardstown Ford,
and Fredericksburg. He then went to Louisiana with
General Ullmann's expedition, March, [863, to organize
colored troops, and served with them to the end of the
war, commanding the oldest of all the colored regiments,
the First Louisiana Native Guards, later known as the
Seventy-third U. S. Colored Infantry.
Colonel Merriam participated in the siege of Port
Hudson, where the colored troops gained their first
distinction, in the assault of May 27, 1863, celebrated
in George ILBokcr's song, "The Charge of the Black
Brigade." He commanded this regiment in the Mcjbile
campaign of 1865, leading the assault on Fort Blakely,
April 0. 1865, at his personal request. This assault
was described by the Confederate commander, Gen-
eral Liddell, as follows: "I had placed my very best
troops, General Cockrell's Missouri Veterans, to oppose
the colored troops, yet they were first to break my lines,
and first over my parapet." This was the last assault of
the war. It resulted in the capture of more than six thou-
sand prisoners, and the occupation of Mobile with all its
defences. He was mustered out of service October 24,
1S65, and resumed the stud}- of law. He was appointed
to the regular army as major Thirty-eighth Infantry,
July 28, 1866; commanded the infantry reserve battalion
during Custer's Indian campaign in Kansas, April and
May, 1867; marched for New Mexico in June; pursued
and defeated Kiowa Indians under Satanta, on the Upper
Arkansas, July 1 1 ; commanding expedition against In-
dians and captured an Apache village, in the Mogol-
lon Mountains, June, 1869. He was transferred to the
Twenty-fourth Infantry at reorganization of the army.
While in command at Fort Ringgold, in 1873, he was
operating against marauders on lower Rio Grande. He
commanded at Fort Mcintosh in 1876, during the Diaz
revolution in Mexico; bombarded Mexican Federal force
of Colonel Pablo Quintana, April 10; redressing out-
rages against American flag and citizens. He crossed
the Rio Grande, August 22, and rescued U. S. com-
mercial agent, J. J. I laines, who had been captured by
the revolutionary force of Colonel Estrada.
He again crossed the Rio Grande on the night of
September 6, capturing Nueva Larado, anil holding it
in military possession for protection of American mer-
chants for seven days, until assurance was given by
responsible Mexican authorities for their safety.
Colonel Merriam had been promoted, June 10, 1876,
to lieutenant-colonel Second Infantry, but was retained
by the War Department on the Mexican border until
the complications arising from the Mexican revolution
were settled, and was recommended by General Ord for
a brevet, in recognition of the ability and energy dis-
played in that important and difficult duty.
He joined Second Infantry and went to Idaho during
the Nez Perce war of 1877 ; commanding depot of sup-
plies and communications at Lewiston, Idaho, relieving
General Sully. He established, planned and built Fort
Sherman, Idaho, 1878-79; commanding battalion in
Bannock' campaign, 1878; established Camp Chelan,
Washington Territory, 1879; established Fort Spokane,
Washington Territory, 1880. While in command of
Port Spokane, 1883-85, planned and built the perma-
nent post. Accorded special credit by Generals How-
aid and Miles for administrative ability displayed in
building Forts Sherman and Spokane, and for successful
management of the neighboring tribes ol Indians, re-
sulting in their peaceful settlement on the Spokane and
Colville Reservations; promoted to colonel Seventh In-
fantry July 10, 18X5 ; in command of Fort Logan, Colo-
rado, from 1889 to date (1892); commanding all troops
operating on Cheyenne River, South Dakota, including
Forts Sully and Bennett, during General Miles's winter
campaign of 1890-91. On this line the Sitting Bull In-
dians were intercepted on their way to the hostile camp,
after the killing of their chief on Grand River. The)" were
successfully disarmed and held as prisoners to the num-
ber of two hundred and twenty-seven.
Colonel Merriam received the following brevets-colonel
U. S. Volunteers " for faithful and meritorious services in
the Mobile campaign :" lieutenant-colonel U. S. Army
"for gallant and meritorious services in the battle of
Antietam ;" colonel U. S. Army " for conspicuous gal-
lantry in the capture of Fort Blakely, Alabama.'
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
273
BRIGADIER- AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL WESLEY
MERRITT. U.S.A.
Brigadier- and Brevet Major-General Wesley
Merritt was born in New York December 1, 1836, and
graduated from the Military Academy July 1, i860, when
he was promoted brevet second lieutenant Second Dra-
goons, and second lieutenant of the same regiment
January 28, [861. He was appointed captain of the
Second Cavalry April 5, 1862, and brigadier-general of
volunteers June 29, 1863. He served in the field with
the Army of the Potomac, during the war of the Rebel-
lion, on the staff of General Cooke, until September, 1 862,
when he was transferred to the head-quarters of the
defences of Washington until April, 1863; he again
entered the field as an aide-de-camp for General Stone-
man, and served with him in April and May during his
raid towards Richmond ; rejoining his regiment, he com-
manded it in the cavalry engagement at Beverly Ford,
where, June 9, 1863, the national forces crossed the Rap-
pahannock, surprised the enemy's pickets, and main-
tained for hours an obstinate battle with a superior force ;
he narrowly escaped capture, being at one time almost,
if not quite, surrounded by the enemy; he won the
highest commendation from General Buforcl for con-
spicuous gallantry on that field ; commanded regiment
in engagements at Upperville and Aldie, and was as-
signed to the command of the Reserve Cavalry Brigade,
Army of the Potomac, during the Pennsylvania campaign.
General Merritt succeeded General Buford in the com-
mand of the First Division of Cavalry, and participated
in the operations in Central Virginia; in the Richmond
campaign of 1864 ; accompanied General Sheridan on the
cavalry raid towards Charlottesville, and in the battle
of Trevilian Station he rescued the Third Division of
Cavalry from impending capture when almost surrounded
by the enemy. He was transferred, in August, 1864,
from the Army of the Potomac to the Shenandoah Valley,
where he arrived about the 8th. I lis division (First) was
then composed of seventeen regiments of cavalry, organ-
ized into three brigades (commanded by Custer, Devin,
and Gibbs), and two batteries of artillery. Then came
the struggle with General Farly's army for the posses-
sion of the Valley, during which General Merritt was
continuously employed with his command, and at the
battle of Winchester, where the turning column of cavalry
at a critical moment, when the result of the battle was
uncertain, repeatedly charged the left of the enemy's line,
and, together with the rallied infantry, swept down upon
General Early, and sent him whirling through Win-
chester. The affair at Cedarville, near Front Royal on
the Shenandoah, was a brilliant success for General Mer-
ritt, being gained unaided and against odds ; he defeated
General Kershaw's division of infantry and two brigades
of cavalry in an attempt to force a passage of the Shen-
35
andoali, and inflicted upon the enemy a loss of six hundred
men; then followed the movement to Front Royal, the
engagement at Milford, and the skilful manoeuvring of
the cavalry in front of Bunker Hill, until the Sixth and
Nineteenth Corps seized an advanced position in front of
Fisher's Hill, which they held until the Eighth Corps
turned General Early's flank and forced him to abandon
his fortifications, when the cavalry joined the pursuit; and
on the 19th of October General Merritt won for himself
and his division an enduring fame at the battle of Cedar
Creek, where he confronted the enemy from the first
attack in the morning until their retreat that night, and
held his position on the pike, just north of Middletown,
all da}', although entirely unassisted by the infantry, until
the enemy gave up the contest, when he charged with his
cavalry, and, crossing the stream below the bridge, con-
tinued the pursuit to Fisher's Hill, capturing and retaking
a large number of guns and colors and much material of
war. Then followed the action at Middletown. In No-
vember General Merritt was detached, with his division,
to the east side of the Blue Ridge, by the way of Ashby's
Gap, to operate against Mosby's guerillas.
He was in command of the cavalry of the Army of the
Shenandoah, and participated in all the attendant actions
of 1865, resulting in the surrender of Lee's army, and
then was designated as one of the three commissioners
to carry out the terms. I Ie was appointed major-general
of volunteers, and was brevetted from major to major-
general in the regular army for his gallantry.
At the close of the war he was appointed lieutenant-
colonel of the Ninth Cavalry, and promoted colonel of
the Fifth Cavalry, and served with much distinction in
numerous campaigns and actions with Indians on the
frontier, and was finally rewarded with the appointment
of brigadier-general, U. S. Army, April 16, 1887, and is at
present in command of the Department of Dakota.
2/4
OFFICERS OF FHE ARMY AXD XAYY (regular,
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL EVAN MILES, U.S.A.
Lieutenant-Colonel Evan Miles (Twenty-fifth In-
fantry) was born in McVeytown, Pennsylvania, March
28, 1838. He entered the regular service as first lieu-
tenant of the Twelfth Infantry August 5, 1861, and was
promoted captain January jo, 1865. He served at Fort
Hamilton to December 3, 1861 ; and was on regimental
recruiting service to June, 1862, when lie was returned
to duty at Fort Hamilton, New York, until August,
[862. He was then ordered to the field, serving with
the Fifth Corps, Army of the Potomac, and was engaged
in the battles of second Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericks-
burg, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg. He was then,
with the regular division, sent to New York during the
draft riots of 1863. He returned to the field with his
regiment in November, 1803, and was placed on special
duty, in charge of a detachment of volunteer cavalry, to
prevent marauding, and to arrest stragglers, from May
to June, 1864, after having participated in the battle of
tlie Wilderness. He was engaged at the battle of the
Weldoii Railroad as volunteer aide to General Ayres,
August iS, 19, and 21; and Peeble's Farm, September
30 and October 1, 1864. His regiment was then trans-
ferred to Elmira, N. Y., where he served with it to Feb-
ruary, 1865, having been promoted captain Jan. 20, 1S65.
Captain Miles was brevetted captain August 18, 1864,
" for gallant services during the operations on the
Weldon Railroad, Virginia."
After a tour of duty at Washington, D. C, the captain
was ordered to the Pacific coast with his regiment, he
having been transferred to the Twenty-first Infantry, and
served .it different stations in Arizona and the Depart-
ment of the Columbia, to September 8, 1883. lie was
in the field operating against the hostile Nez Perce In-
dians, commanding six companies of the Twenty-first
Infantry, one of the Eighth, and one of the Twelfth, and
was honorably mentioned by the commanding general
of the Department of the Columbia, for gallantry and
efficiency during the battle of Clearwater, Idaho, on the
Ilth and 1 2th of July, 1877. lie commanded seven
companies of the Twenty-first Infantry, two companies
of the Fourth Artillery, and one troop of the First Cav-
alry, in the field operating against the hostile Bannock-
Piute Indians; with this command he attacked and
defeated them near Umatilla Agency, Oregon, July 13,
1878, for which he was honorably mentioned by the
department commander, by members of Congress, by
the Governor of Washington Territory, and citizens of
LTmatilla, Oregon, to the Secretary of War, for his
efficient services.
While serving in the Twenty-first Infantry, Major Miles
was very energetic in endeavoring to have canteens (or
what is now termed post exchange) established in the
army, as the following extract from the report of Colonel
H. A. Morrow, Twenty-first Infantry, to the adjutant-
general U. S. Army, dated Fort Sidney, Nebraska,
December 31, 1889, shows:
" In closing this brief history of the canteen in the
American service, and particularly of its operations at
Fort Sydney, I should lie unjust to myself if I did not
acknowledge my obligations to certain officers of the
Twenty-first Infantry for many valuable recommenda-
tions and suggestions.
" Captain Evan Miles, then of the Twenty-first In-
fantry, by his zealous co-operation and faithful anil intel-
ligent administration of the affairs of the Twenty-first
Infantry Canteen, deserves, perhaps, a larger share of
credit than any other officer for making a great success
of what was at first an experiment."
Captain Miles was also a zealous officer on the subject
ot target practice in the army. He was superintendent
of it at Fort Vancouver from 1877 to 1884; was range
officer at Fort Sidney, Nebraska, in 1885-86; was ex-
ecutive-officer of the division rifle competition. Division
of the Pacific, in 1880 ; was commander of camp ami
executive-officer of the Department of the Platte Rifle
Competition, in 1882 ; was in charge of the Department
of Dakota Rifle Competition in 1888; commanded the
Department of Dakota Rifle Camp, and in charge of
competition, in 1889; and commanded the Division of
the Missouri Rifle Camp the same year.
Captain Miles was promoted major of the Twenty-fifth
Infantry April 24, 1888, and, upon joining in the Depart-
ment of Dakota, was detailed as inspector of rifle prac-
tice at the head-quarters, which he retained until
December, 1890, when he joined his regiment at Fort
Missoula, Montana, his present station. He was pro-
moted lieutenant-colonel April 2],, iS92,and assigned to
the Twentieth Infantry.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
MAJOR-GENERAL NELSON A. MILES, U.S.A.
Major-General Nelson A. Miles was born in West-
minster, Massachusetts, August 8, 1839. He entered the
volunteer service dining the war of the Rebellion as cap-
tain of the Twenty-second Massachusetts Infantry Sep-
tember 9, 1 861, from which he was honorably mustered
out May 31, 1862, to accept the lieutenant-colonelcy of
the Sixty-first New York Infantry.
He was promoted colonel of the same regiment Sep-
tember 30, 1862; appointed brigadier-general of volun-
teers Ma}' 12, 1864, and major-general of volunteers
October 21, 1865.
General Miles served in the Army of the Potomac
during the Manassas, Peninsula, Northern Virginia,
Maryland, Rappahannock, Pennsylvania, Mine Run,
Wilderness, Petersburg, and Appomattox campaigns, and
was engaged in all the battles of the Army of the Poto-
mac, with one exception, up to the surrender of General
Lee, with the Confederate Army, at Appomattox Court-
House, April 9, 1865, and was wounded three times
during the war.
He was honorably mustered out of the volunteer ser-
vice September 1, [866, having been appointed colonel
of the Fortieth V. S. Infantry July 28, 1866, and he was
brevetted brigadier-general March 2, 1867, for " gallant
and meritorious services in the battle of Chancellorsville,
Virginia," and brevet major-general March 2, 1867, for
" gallant and meritorious services in the battle of Spott- I
sylvania, Virginia." He was also brevetted major-general
of volunteers August 25, 1864, for "highly meritorious
and distinguished conduct throughout the campaign, and
particularly for gallantry and valuable services at the
battle of Ream's Station, Virginia."
General Miles's service since the war has been of note,
to which many of the nomadic tribes of the great West
could readily testify. He was transferred to the Fifth
Infantry as colonel March 15, 1869, and joined that regi-
ment shortly afterwards, making a history for it in the
annals of the country. He defeated the Cheyenne,
Kiowa, and Comanche Indians on the borders of the
Staked Plains in 1875, and in 1876 subjugated the hostile
Sioux and other Indians in Montana, driving Sitting Bull
across the Canada frontier, and breaking up the bands
that were led by him and by Crazy Horse, Lame Deer,
Spotted Eagle, Broad Trail, Hump, and others. In Sep-
tember he captured the Nez Perces, under Chief Joseph,
in Northern Montana, and in 1878 captured a band of
Bannocks near the Yellowstone Park. After a difficult
campaign against the Apaches under Geronimo and
Natchez, he compelled those chiefs to surrender on Sep-
tember 4, 1886.
He received the thanks of the Legislatures of Kansas,
Montana, New Mexico, and Arizona for services in cam-
paigns against the Indians in the West, and the citizens
of Arizona presented him a sword of honor at Tucson
on November 8, 1887, in the presence of a large gather-
ing of citizens of the Territory.
General Miles was appointed a brigadier-general in the
U. S. Army December 15, 1880, and was assigned to the
command of the Department of the Columbia; from this
he was transferred to command the Department of the
Missouri in July, 1885. In April, 1886, he was ordered
to command the Department of Arizona, and he remained
in that department until ordered to command the Divi-
sion of the Pacific in 1888. He was appointed major-
general, U. S. Army, April 5, 1890, and ordered to
command the Military Division of the Missouri at
Chicago, Illinois.
In the winter of 1890-01 an Indian war of considerable
magnitude seemed imminent in the Dakotas and other
Western States. General Miles took the field in person,
and proceeded to Pine Ridge Agency, the scene of the
greatest trouble. By his disposition of troops and clear
judgment a serious war was averted.
2jG
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
LIEUTENANT-COMMANDER FREDERICK A. MILLER,
U.S.N, (retired).
Lieutenant-Commander Frederick. A. Miller was
born in Maryland, June 12, 1843, and was educated at
Episcopal Academy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and at
the Military Academy at Port Chester, alter which he-
entered Trinity College, but, being rusticated, went to
sea. When the Civil War broke out he was in Peru,
and, hastening home, was offered a position in the Pacific
Mail Company and an appointment to the Naval Acad-
emy. Thinking the war would be short, and wishing to
see service, he preferred to volunteer, and was made a
master's mate September 11, [861. This was changed
to an appointment as acting master's mate a ^w days
later. For three months was under instructions at
Washington, and was then ordered to the " Tuscarora,"
and made drill-master of her 1 1 -inch gun. Went to the
European Station in that ship, on the lookout for Con-
federate privateers. She blockaded the " Nashville" in
Southampton, and the "Sumter" at Gibraltar. Chased
the " Alabama," and came near catching her on the
west coast of England. By her presence she destroyed
the availability of Madeira and the Azores as recruiting
stations for these vessels.
Upon his return to the United States he was made-
acting ensign, and ordered to the " Princess Royal."
In her he served at Donaldsonville, when the Confeder-
ates, under Generals Green and Monton, were prevented
from capturing Fort Butler and crossing the Mississippi.
He received the warm commendation of his command-
ing officer for his gallant behavior on this occasion, and
reported that much of the success in repulsing five
thousand of the enemy with artillery was due to the
spirited manner in which he commanded the 9-inch gun
of the " Princess Royal."
After this he was promoted to acting master, and
served on board the "Arizona" when that vessel was
burned off Poverty Point. Mississippi River, leaving her
in the last boat. lie was then ordered to superintend
her wrecking. After this he applied for and was ordered
to the " Cincinnati."
In this vessel he bore part in the operations against
Spanish Fort and the defences of Mobile, and in the
surrender of that city. Was then employed, under Cap-
tain Crosby, in sweeping for torpedoes in the bay. These
were so numerous that the monitor "Milwaukee," case-
mate iron-clad " ( >sage," tin-clad " Rudolph," tug " Al-
thaea," and tug " Ida" were all destroyed by them; and
his own boat, the " Cincinnati's" launch, was also blown
up and had three of her crew killed. At the moment he-
was on board an abandoned rebel torpedo-boat. During
his service on board the " Cincinnati" she convoyed
General Steele's division to Selma, Alabama, and was
present at the surrender of the Confederate flotilla at
Nauna Hubba Bluff, on the Tombigbee.
After the war he served on the European Station,
the South Atlantic, and the Pacific Station. Then in
the North Atlantic, and again in the Pacific, besides
going to the French Exposition in the " Portsmouth,"
and round the world in the " Ticonderoga." Then had
shore duty at Boston, New York, and New Orleans, and
in the Bureau of Equipment at Washington.
March 12, 1868, was made an ensign in the regular
navy, and made lieutenant in 1870. Lieutenant-com-
mander in 1882; and, after being some time on sick-
leave, was retired, with that rank, November 30, 1885.
Lieutenant-Commander Miller is the author of several
valuable articles ; among others, one upon " The Advan-
tages of Entering the Naval Service;" and an "Address
to American Seamen," which was published by the
Bureau of Equipment and Recruiting, Navy Department.
He was a member of the Board which revised the
Equipment Allowance Hook, and also wrote several
reports upon the Naval Apprentice System.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
-//
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL ANSON MILLS, U.S.A.
Lieutenant-Colonel Anson Mills (Fourth Cavalry)
was born in Boone Count}-, Indiana, August 31, 1S34.
He was a cadet at the Military Academy from July 1,
1855, to February 18, 1857. He then went to Texas and
taught school in McKinney, Collin County, Texas, 1857
and 1858, studying law during the time with Colonel
R. L. Waddell, the district judge of that district.
During the winter of 1858-59, in anticipation of the
construction of the Memphis, El Paso, and Pacific Rail-
road, he projected and surveyed the present city of El
Paso, Texas, the plat of which is now in use.
Surveyor for the State of Texas on the boundary sur-
vey between Texas and New Mexico, 1859.
In February, 1 86 1, on the submission to the popular
vote of the State of the question of separation from the
Union, he cast one of the lonely two votes in the county
of El Paso " against separation," against nine hundred
and eighty-five " for separation."
At the commencement of the war of the Rebellion he
was a sergeant of the Clay Guards, Washington Volun-
teers, from March to May, when he entered the regular
service as first lieutenant of the Eighteenth Infantry, and
was ordered on recruiting and mustering duty in Ohio to
February, 1862, when he joined a detachment of the
three battalions of his regiment at Nashville, Tennessee.
He participated in the Corinth, Chickamauga, and At-
lanta campaigns with the Army of the West, and was
engaged in the battles of Corinth, Mississippi; Stone
River, Tennessee ; Hoover's ( Jap, Chickamauga, Georgia ;
Missionary Ridge.Tennessee; Resaca, New Llope Church,
Kenesaw Mountain, Neal Dow Station, Utoy Creek, At-
lanta (where he was wounded), and Jonesborough, Geor-
gia; Nashville, Tennessee, and Decatur, Alabama. He
was then on recruiting duty from Feb. to Nov., 1865.
Inventor of the looped, or woven, cartridge-belt for
metallic cartridges, adopted by the U. S. Army.
lie was brcvetted captain December 31, 1862, for" gal-
lant and meritorious services in the battle of Murfrees-
borough, Tennessee;" major, September 1, 1864, for
" gallant and meritorious services in the battle of Chick-
amauga, Georgia, and during the Atlanta campaign ;" and
lieutenant-colonel December 16, 1S64, for "gallant and
meritorious services in the battle of Nashville.Tennessee."
Lieutenant Mills served as adjutant of the Eighteenth
Infantry from February to October, 1862 ; was acting
commissary of subsistence of the Regular Brigade to
April, 1863, and was acting inspector-general of the Dis-
trict of Etowa in 1864.
Member of the Board of Visitors to the U. S. Military
Academy from Texas, June, 1866.
Colonel Mills was en route in command of troops in
Kansas in 1865, and commanded Fort Bridget-, Wyoming,
from November, 1866, to September, 1867, and then was
stationed at Fort Sedgwick, Colorado, and other posts
from 1867 to 1876. He was transferred to the Third
Cavalry December 31, 1870, and participated in various
Indian expeditions, particularly the one against Sitting
Bull's band of hostile Sioux Indians in 1876-77. It was
on this campaign that General Crook's command, on the
Hart River, about one hundred and eighty miles from
the nearest point of supplies, gave out of rations, and on
the march to Deadwood, North Dakota, subsisted alone
on the broken-down cavalry horses. In order to facilitate
the getting of supplies, one hundred and fifty picked men
of the Third Cavalry were detailed to go forward as
rapidly as possible ami send out supplies to meet the
troops. Colonel Mills was given the command of this
force, and starting south, with Frank Gruard, the scout,
as his guide, he marched from camp in the midst of a
cold, disagreeable rain, and proceeded, without a road or
trail to guide him, through a night as black as ink, and
the following day, until his scout informed him that he
was in the neighborhood of an Indian village. Colonel
Mills halted his command until daylight next day, and
charged the village, driving therefrom every Indian, and
held the ground until General Crook came upon the field
with the entire command. This was the capture of the
village at Slim Butter.
Military attache to the International Imposition at
Paris, France, 1878.
Colonel Mills was promoted major of the Tenth Cav-
alry April 4, 1878, and was stationed at posts in Texas.
After a tour of duty in Arizona, from 1885 to 1888, he
was at Fort Bliss, Texas, surveying an international dam
and reservoir of his own projection in the Rio Grande
at El Paso del Norte. He was promoted lieutenant-
colonel of the Fourth Cavalry March 25, 1890, and is
stationed in command of his regiment at Fort Walla
Walla, Washington.
278
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN AND BRFAFT MAJOR WILLIAM HOWARD
MILLS, U.S.A. (resigned).
Captain and Bre\ et Major William Howard Mills
was born at Bangor, Maine, April 8, 1838. At the out-
break of the war of the Rebellion he was in business
at St. Louis, and was appointed from Missouri a first
lieutenant of the Fourteenth I". S. Infantry March 6, 1862.
He was appointed a captain by brevet, in the army of
the United States, " for gallant and meritorious services
at the battles of Chancellorsville, Virginia, and Gettys-
burg, Pennsylvania, to date from July 3, 1863," and a
major by brevet, " for meritorious services in the cam-
paign terminating with the surrender of the insurgent
Army of Northern Virginia, to date from April 9, 1865
He was appointed adjutant of the First Battalion —
eight companies — of his regiment January 10, 1865, and
received " the thanks of the commanding officer for the
able and efficient manner in which he performed his
duties as adjutant," "having been officially informed of
his promotion to a captaincy," to date from December
j^. [865, at Fort Yuma, California, June 30, 1866.
The Fourteenth Infantry, having been placed at the
head of the Army of the Potomac by Major-General
Meade upon the day of its grand parade through the
city of Richmond, upon arrival at the pontoon bridges
over the James River to Manchester, received orders to
remain in the city for duty, and he was selected by
Brigadier-General M. R. Patrick, provost-marshal-general,
to " proceed at once to Danville, for the purpose of car-
rying out certain verbal instructions." Having been
directed to call upon Brevet Brigadier-General Thomas
W. Hyde, colonel of the First Maine (Veteran) Infantry,
stationed there, for such assistance as might be needed,
the general courteously placed the entire regiment,
including himself, at his disposal. With a carefully-
selected corporal's guard, he received a large sum of
money that had been taken from Union prisoners while
in confinement there.
He was then appointed assistant commissary of mus-
ters by Major-General Ord, commanding the Depart-
ment of Virginia and Army of the James, and ordered
to report to Brevet Major-General Miles, commanding
the District of Fort Monroe, for the purpose of estab-
lishing a large muster-out camp. General Miles, after
announcing him upon his staff, left the rest to him.
Such mutually-advantageous arrangements were made
with Assistant-Surgeon Ely McClellan, U.S.A., in charge
of the general hospital at Fort Monroe, for the issuance,
cooking, and serving of rations, — more than rations, —
that the thousands of survivors, who there answered to
the last roll-call by the government's representative and
received honorable discharge from the military service,
cannot have forgotten the pleasures of Camp McClellan.
In September, by command of Lieutenant-General
Grant, he joined his regiment at Hart's Island, New
York harbor, and soon afterwards proceeded with it to
California. He served as regimental and post adjutant
at the Presidio of San Francisco, was stationed awhile
at Drum Barracks, Wilmington, and made the march
across the desert to Fort Yuma.
Upon his promotion to the rank of captain, by direc-
tion of Brevet Major-General McDowell, commanding
the Department of California, he was placed in charge
of the depot of supplies — for the District of Arizona — at
Fort Yuma, at a time when the supplies were nearly
exhausted at all the posts, anil, when ordered to join his
company at Fort McDowell, Arizona, in the following
January, left quartermaster and commissar}- stores suffi-
cient for six months at every post in the district.
In the fall of 1S67 he was directed by the department
commander to establish, witli two companies of infantry,
a new post, at a place northeast from Fort McDowell,
" in the midst of the hostile Apaches, and inaccessible to
wagons."
After considerable opposition and several attacks by
the Indians, the post was established, but soon aban-
doned on account of the difficulty of getting supplies
over mountains where, when the best road possible was
constructed, wagons had to be let down with ropes.
Major Mills resigned his commission December 12,
[868, and was at the time of this publication .1 resident
of Washington, D. C.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
2/9
CAPTAIN GEORGE MITCHELL, U.S.A.
Captain George Mitchell (Second Artillery) was
born in Ireland March 1 1, 1845. At the commencement
of the war of the Rebellion he was a student at the
Collegiate and Commercial Institute, New Haven, Con-
necticut, lie entered the volunteer service as first
sergeant of Company B, Fifty-seventh New York In-
fantry, September 24, 1861, and was promoted second
lieutenant of that regiment January 24, 1862. He served
during the war with the Third Brigade, First Division,
Second Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, acting as
aide and assistant adjutant-general of the consolidated
brigade before Petersburg, Virginia, and aide to General
Neill, in the summer of 1865. He was wounded at the
battle of Fair < )aks, Virginia, June 1, 1862. He was
promoted first lieutenant August 2, 1 862, and appointed
major Nov. 15, 1864. He was honorably mustered out
of service November, 1S64. He re-entered the volunteer
service as first lieutenant and adjutant Seventh Regiment
U. S. Veteran Volunteers June 9, 1865, and was promoted
to captain September 27, 1865. He was again mustered
out of the volunteer service April 24, 1866.
Captain Mitchell was brevetted major and lieutenant-
colonel of volunteers March 13, 1865.
He was appointed second lieutenant of the Thirteenth
U. S. Infantry April 30, 1866; was transferred to the
Thirty-first Infantry September 21, 1866. He was pro-
moted first lieutenant June IO, 1868, and became un-
assigned May 15, 1869, upon the consolidation of regi-
ments.
On December 15, 1870, Lieutenant Mitchell was as-
signed to the Second Artillery, and was regimental adju-
tant from May 21, 1875, to March 24, 1877, and from
January 24, 1881, to March 22, 1885.
Captain Mitchell served at Forts Rice, Buford, Aber-
crombie, and Sully, Dakota, from 1866 to 1871 ; at
Sitka, Alaska, in 1871-72; at the Presidio of San
Francisco in 1872 ; Fort McHenry, 1872-74; at Charles-
ton, South Carolina, 1874-75; at Fort McHenry, 1875
to 1877; Fort Foote, Maryland, 1877-78; Fort Monroe,
Virginia, 1S78 to 1880 ; at Washington Barracks, District
of Columbia, 1880 to 1885 ; at St. Francis Barracks,
Florida, to 18S9; and at Fort Adams, Rhode Island,
from 1889 to present date.
2. SO
OFFICERS OF THE JR.VV AND NAVY (regular)
COLONEL HENRY R. MIZNER. U.S.A. (retired).
Colonel Henry R. Mizner was born in Geneva, New
York, August i, 1827. He entered the service from
civil life, having been appointed a captain in the Eigh-
teenth LT. S. Infantry May 14, 1861, and was employed
on recruiting duty, and mustering and disbursing offii er,
quartermaster and commissary for the State of Michigan
to October, 1861, and continued on recruiting duty to
May, 1862, when he joined his regiment in the field with
the Western army, participating in the battle of Perry-
ville, Kentucky, October 8, [862, pursuit of the rebel
General Bragg, and the battle of Stone River, Tennessee.
He was appointed colonel of the Fourteenth Michigan
Infantry Volunteers December 22, [862, and served with
the Western armies to the close of the Atlanta campaign.
He commanded the regiment as mounted infantry,
securing horses from the country, being furnished cav-
alry equipments, revolvers, and one hundred Spencer
rifles, and employed in scouting duty in Tennessee.
At Jonesborough, Georgia, September 1, 1864, the
Fourteenth Michigan charged the earthworks on the run,
capturing with the bayonet Swett's Battery of Cleburne's
division, Hardee's corps; four twelve-pounder Napoleon
guns; Brigadier-General D. C. Govan (with the sword of
Major Sidney Cooledge, Sixteenth U.S. Infantry, lost at
Chickamauga) ; Captain Williams, assistant adjutant-
general; Major Weeks, Second Arkansas; the battle-
flag of the First Arkansas, and three hundred other pris-
oners.
Major- General Jefferson C. Davis, commanding the
Fourteenth Corps, referring to the Fourteenth Michigan
Infantry Volunteers, wrote the Secretary of War as fol-
lows :
" Colonel Mizner and regiment joined my command
early in the campaign against Atlanta, and served with
distinction to its close. This regiment was one of the
best in the corps under my command, and upon every
occasion where the enemy was met invariably signalized
its courage and discipline. In the assault of the corps
upon the enemy's works at Jonesborough, which resulted
in the fall of Atlanta, the colors of this regiment were
among the first carried over the works. Colonel Mizner
had been long in command of this regiment, and without
doubt much was due his exertion and skill in promoting
that excellent discipline and spirit of gallantry for which
his regiment was conspicuous throughout the war.
Colonel Mizner's personal bearing on the field was no
less conspicuous than that of his regiment."
At the close of the war he was honored with the brevet
of major U. S. Army for "gallant and meritorious ser-
vices in the battle of Stone River;" brevet lieutenant-
colonel for "gallant and meritorious services during the
Atlanta campaign, and in the battle of Jonesborough,
Georgia;" brevet brigadier-general volunteers for gallant
and meritorious services during the war.
He was transferred to the Thirty-sixth U. S. Infantry
September 21, 1866, and ordered to duty on the plains
in Wyoming, locating and constructing Fort Sanders,
Wyoming, 1866-67; and at Fort Bridger, Wyoming,
from April, 1866, to April, 1869.
He was promoted major of the Twentieth Infantry
February 22, 1869, and transferred to the Twelfth In-
fantry March 15, 1869; again transferred to Eighth
Infantry May 14, 1877.
He was on duty in California and Arizona from April ,
1869, to .August, 1880, participating in the Bannock In-
dian campaign in ( Ircgon and Washington, July to Sep-
tember, 1878; acting chief commissary Department of
Arizona, from November, 1877, to March, 1878 ; at Fort
Porter, New York, from March, 1881, to June 1, 1884;
at Fort Union, New Mexico, June 5, 1884, to August
10, 1885; Fort Stanton, New Mexico, 1885; at Fort
D. A. Russell, Wyoming, from February 9, 188S, to
May, 1 89 1.
Colonel Mizner was promoted lieutenant-colonel of the
Tenth Infantry December 15, 1880, and colonel of the
Seventeenth Infantry January 2, 1S88, and retired Au-
gust 1, 1 89 1.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
2SI
COLONEL J. KEMP M1ZNER, U.S.A.
Colonel J. Kemp Mizner (Tenth Cavalry) entered the
army as a graduate from the U. S. Military Academy
July I, 1856, and was assigned as a brevet second lieu-
tenant to the Second Dragoons. He reached a cap-
taincy in the same regiment November 12, 1861, and
on March 7, 1862, was appointed colonel of the Third
Michigan Cavalry, joining Pope's command at New
Madrid, Missouri ; he moved with that army to Ham-
burg Landing, on the Tennessee River, in April, 1862.
He commanded a brigade of cavalry from May 20, in
front of Corinth, and during the subsequent pursuit of
the enemy; and continued to cover the front of the troops
near Corinth until late in June. Early in July he was
sent with his brigade to occupy the line of the Mem-
phis and Charleston Railroad, from Iuka, Mississippi, to
Decatur, Alabama, having an independent command,
and reporting direct to General \V. S. Rosecrans, com-
manding the Army of the Mississippi. He was appointed
chief of cavalry of the Army of the Mississippi, and com-
manded the Cavalry Division of that army in all its
operations in Northern Mississippi, and in the battles of
Iuka, September 19, and the battle of Corinth, October
3 and 4, 1862, both of which were brilliant victories for
our army. Colonel Mizner moved from Corinth to La
Grange, Tennessee, with troops under General Giant,
and took part in the campaign against Pemberton's
rebel troops, to Grenada, Mississippi, November and
December, 1S62. He commanded a cavalry brigade at
Jackson, Tennessee, during January, 1863, and later, all
the cavalry in the left wing of the Sixteenth Army Corps,
under Major-General R. J. Oglesby, at La Grange, and
then all the troops serving on the line of the Memphis
and Charleston Railroad, from White's Station to Grand
Junction, including a division of cavalry of nine regi-
ments, organized into three brigades, until midsummer,
1863. Later, and after this, the cavalry was reorganized
under General B. II. Grierson, and Colonel Mizner com-
manded a brigade at Corinth, Mississippi.
The Third Michigan became a veteran volunteer regi-
ment by the re-enlistment of three-fourths of its strength
in February, 1864, and when read)- to return to the field
was sent to Little Rock, Arkansas, where they became a
part of the Seventh Army Corps, under Major-General
Steele.
During most of his stay in Arkansas Colonel Mizner
commanded the troops at Duvall's Bluffs (some seven
thousand in number), the base of supplies for the Seventh
Army Corps.
Early in 1865 he was sent with his brigade to New
Orleans, to take part in operations against Mobile, and
after the fall of the enemy's works at that place the
Third Michigan Cavalry moved to Baton Rouge, where
it was joined by the Fourth Wisconsin and Third II-
36
linois Cavalry. These three regiments constituted a
brigade in General Merritt's division, and was moved
by water to Shreveport, Louisiana, and from there was
marched by Colonel Mizner to San Antonio, Texas,
where it took part in the demonstrations made by
General Sheridan along the Mexican frontier.
Colonel Mizner succeeded General Custer (upon his
muster out) in command of the Central District of Texas,
which he exercised until February 12, 1S66, when his
regiment was mustered out and returned to Michigan.
In 1867, as a captain of the Second Cavalry, he made
the entire tour of the Department of the Platte with his
troop, as escort to General Augur, commanding the de-
partment, and then accompanied General G. M. Dodge,
chief engineer Union Pacific Railroad, to Salt Lake and
Ogden, Utah, and return, making the distance marched
oxer two thousand miles. In 1888, as lieutenant-colonel
df the Eighth Cavalry, Colonel Mizner marched his
entire regiment of twelve troops and band from Fort
Concho, Texas, to Fort Meade, Dakota, a distance of
fifteen hundred miles, being the longest march ever
made by so large a body of troops in the history of
this country.
In earlier days, with a small party, he rode three hun-
dred miles in five days without change of horses, and
without forage, depending solely upon grazing. Individ-
ually he has ridden thirty-five miles before breakfast, and
sixty-five miles after a one o'clock dinner, and has fre-
quently marched a battalion of cavalry thirty-five miles
after three p.m., before making camp.
Colonel Mizner has been promoted through all the
orades, from brevet second lieutenant in 1856 to colonel
of cavalry in 1890, the rank he now holds, and has
had a varied frontier experience as a post commander in
Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and Indian Territory, as
well as in Nebraska and Dakota.
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NA VY (regular)
LIHUTENANT-COMMANDF.R WILLIAM AUGUSTUS
MORGAN, U.S.N.
Lieutenant-Commander William Augustus Morgan
was born at Newport, Monmouthshire, England, August
10, 1836, and commenced a seafaring career August 14,
1850, by being bound as an apprentice for five years to a
Maine ship-master and owner. He continued in that
employ in the European and general freighting business
until 1856, and from that time until the breaking out of
the late war sailed out of the ports of Portland (Maine),
New York, and Boston.
On June 2, 1863, he entered the U. S. Navy as acting
ensign, and became instructor in gunnery on board the
frigate " Savannah" on July 7, 1S63 ; was ordered to the
gun-boat "Tulip," of the Potomac flotilla, and in August
was transferred to the schooner " Hope," of the Smith
Atlantic Blockading Squadron. From that time until
October, 1865, he served on board the sloop-of-war
"John Adams," ships-of-the-line "Vermont" and "New
Hampshire," and temporarily on board the steamer
" Pawnee," and several other vessels of the South At-
lantic Blockading Squadron, and on expeditions on
shore with the forces of that squadron.
He was promoted to acting master October 27, 1864,
and discharged January 14, 1866.
He was reappointed acting master April 13, 1S66, and
was on duty on board the receiving-ship " Vermont"
until July, 1S68. He was transferred to the regular
navy, as ensign, March 12, 1868, under the Act of
Congress approved July 25, 1866, and served in the
Pacific Squadron from July, 186S, to July, 1S69; on
board the flag-ship " Powhatan ;" under orders to the
ill-fated " Fredonia ;" steamer " Wateree" (after the
earthquake of 1S68 on the coast of Peru); steamer
" Tuscarora," and store-ship " Onward."
He was promoted master December 18, 1868, and
returned to the North Atlantic Station on board the
" Powhatan ;" on board port admiral's flag-ship " New
Hampshire," at Norfolk, in 1870.
He was promoted to lieutenant March 21, 1S70;
attached to the steamer " Shawmut," North Atlantic
Squadron, 1871-74; at navy-yard, Boston, 1S75; mon-
itor " Montauk," North Atlantic Squadron, 1875-77;
navy-yard, Boston, 1877-78; flag-ship "Shenandoah,"
South Atlantic Squadron, 1879; steamer " Wachusett,"
South Atlantic and Pacific Squadrons, 1880-81 ; instruc-
tion at torpedo station, Newport, 1S82; monitor " Mi-
antonomah," special service, 1882-83 ; receiving-ship
" Wabash," 1884-86.
He was promoted to lieutenant-commander July 28,
1884; corvette " Ossipee," North Atlantic Squadron, and
on sick-leave, 1SS7-8S; at the United States nitre depot,
Maiden, 1889-90.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
283
CAPTAIN AND BREVET MAJOR ARTHUR MORRIS
U.S.A. (retired).
Captain and Brevet Major Arthur Morris was
born in Virginia, but entered the regular army from Mary-
land, by appointment from civil life, as second lieutenant
of the Fourth Artillery, March 24, 1862, and was pro-
moted first lieutenant November 12, 1863. He served
during the war of the Rebellion with the Second Army
Corps, in the field with the Army of the Potomac, and
was engaged at the siege of Yorktown and in the battles
of Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, Savage Station, White Oak
Swamp, Glendale, Malvern Hill, second Bull Run, Antie-
tam, action at Charlestown, and in the battle of Freder-
icksburg.
In the action at Charlestown he volunteered for the
occasion, and was personally congratulated on the field
of battle for bravery in action by General Hancock, who
was in command.
He was brevetted first lieutenant fur "gallant and
meritorious service" at the battle of White Oak Swamp,
Virginia, and captain for "gallant and meritorious ser-
vice" at the battle of Antietam, Maryland; major, for
" gallant and meritorious service" during the war. The
latter was confirmed by Congress ; commission not
issued by War Department. He has been recommended
for brevet major for Nez Perce Indian campaign (com-
mission not yet issued by War Department).
After a period of recruiting duty, Captain Morris was
stationed at Fort McHenry, Maryland, from October,
1867, to June, 1869, when he was transferred to Fort
Riley, Kansas, and while there was sent with Light Bat-
tery B, Fourth Artillery, serving as cavalry on the Sal-
mon River Indian campaign, and was scouting all the
summer of 1870. He was then at Fort McHenry,
Maryland, 1871-72, and at Fort Monroe (Artillery
School) from May, 1872, to June, 1873. In June, 1873,
he was transferred to the Pacific coast, and was stationed
at Alcatraz Island, Black Point, Fort Canby, Sitka,
Alaska, and Alcatraz Island the second time.
While on the Pacific coast Captain Morris participated
in the Modoc campaign in 1873, and the Nez Perce cam-
paign of 1877, being engaged at the battle of Clearwater,
Idaho, July 1 1 and 1 2.
He was promoted captain Fourth Artillery January 10,
1877, and the regiment being ordered East in 1881, the
captain took station at Fort Warren, Massachusetts,
where he remained until September, 1882, and was then
stationed at Fort Adams, Rhode Island, until retirement.
He was retired from active service, on account of disa-
bility, October 5, 1887.
284
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY regular)
COMMANDER GEORGE UPHAM MORRIS. U.S.N.
(deceased).
Commander George Upham Morris was born in Mas-
sachusetts, June 3, 1830, and died at the Jordan Alum
Springs, in Virginia, in August, 1875. He was the son
of Commodore Charles Morris, one of the best known
and most respected of our older naval officers, both on
account of personal character and professional ability.
Commander Morris entered the navy as midshipman
in August, 1846; became lieutenant in September, [855 ;
and was promoted commander July 25, 1866.
When the iron-clad ram " Merrimac" came out from
Norfolk, on the 8th of March, 1S62, and attacked the
" Congress" and " Cumberland" at Newport News,
Morris, who was executive-officer of the last-named
ship, was in temporal}' command, and distinguished
himself in the highest degree by his conduct on that
occasion. "As her guns approached the water's edge,"
said the Secretary of the Navy in his annual report,
" her young commander, Lieutenant Morris, and the
gallant crew stood firm at their posts and delivered a
parting fire, and the good ship went down heroically,
with her colors Hying."
It was but a very few minutes from the time the
" Merrimac's" ram struck the vessel until she was at the
bottom. A large number perished with the vessel, but
m. in)- of the officers and men, Lieutenant Morris among
them, managed to reach the shore, where they manned
the batteries in the intienchnients, to resist Magrudcr's
force, coming from Yorktown to co-operate with the
" Merrimac."
In Ma)', 1862, Commander Morris was ordered to the
command of the steam gun-vessel " Port Royal." In
her he had an engagement with a nine-gun battery on
the James River, and was subsequently wounded during
an engagement with Fort Darling.
In February, 1S64, he was engaged with Fort Powell,
at Grant's Pass, in the " Port Royal."
Commander Morris was retired less than a year before
his death, — the date of which is given above.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
285
COLONEL ALBERT P. MORROW, U.S.A.
Colonel Albert P. Morrow (Third Cavalry) was
born in Illinois, March 10, 1842. He entered the volun-
teer service from Pennsylvania as sergeant of Company
K, Seventeenth Pennsylvania Infantry, April 18, 1861,
and was honorably discharged August 1, 1861. He re-
entered the volunteer service September 9, 1861, and was
sergeant of Company C, first sergeant of Company I,
and sergeant-major of the Sixth Pennsylvania Cavalry.
He served with his first regiment in [he defences of
Washington, at the beginning of the war of the Rebel-
lion, in the Rockville expedition, and Patterson's opera-
tions in the Shenandoah Valley, and with the cavalry
regiment in the Army of the Potomac, until captured
by the enemy near White House, Virginia, June 13,
1S62. He was a prisoner of war at Richmond, Vir-
ginia, until August 12, 1862, and, upon rejoining his
regiment, served with it until the battle of Chancellors-
villc, when he was again captured, May 3, 1863, and
remained a prisoner of war until the 25th of May, when
he rejoined his regiment, and remained with it to July
13 following.
He was appointed second lieutenant Sixth Pennsyl-
vania Cavalry March 27, 1862; first lieutenant Novem-
ber 20, 1862; and in July of [863 was aide-de-camp to
General John Buford, remaining on his staff to December
16, 1863. He then served with his regiment in the Army
of the Potomac to July, 1864. He was promoted cap-
tain February 2, 1864; major February 10, 1865; and
lieutenant-colonel March 29, 1865. He participated in
the Shenandoah campaign to March, 1865, and in the
operations against Richmond, Virginia, to March 31,
1865, when he was wounded in the action at Dinwiddie
Court-House, Virginia. He was honorably mustered out
of the volunteer service August 6, 1865.
Colonel Morrow entered the regular service as captain
of the Seventh Cavalry July 28, 1866, and was promoted
major of the Ninth Cavalry March 6, 1867, and served
with his regiment on frontier duty at Fort Hays, Kansas,
until promoted major, when he joined the Ninth Cavalry
in Texas, and served at various posts to March, 1869.
He participated in an expedition in 1870, and in another
against hostile Indians in 1871. He served at various
posts in Texas to 1876, having, in the mean time, been
member of a board to purchase cavalry horses in 1874,
and with a battalion in the field under General Macken-
zie, in the Indian Territory, to January, 1875. He com-
manded a battalion en route to New Mexico, in the summer
of 187(1, and participated in a campaign against Indians
to Sept. 1, 1876, after which he was granted leave of ab-
sence, on account of sickness, to Sept. 3, 1877. Returning
to Fort Union, he participated in an expedition against
the Ute Indians in 187S; and on scouts in the field in
1879, from Fort Bayard; and again in 1880, when, on
August 22, 1880, he proceeded to Washington, D. C,
to receive instructions, having been designated as one of
the officers to witness the manoeuvres of the French
army during that autumn ; and on the completion of
that duty he was granted a delay in returning to the
United States until January, 1881, when he was appointed
colonel and aide-de-camp to the general of the army.
He served till June 1, 1883, when he was relieved at his
own request, and joined his regiment in the Department
of Arizona, he having been promoted lieutenant-colonel
of the Sixth Cavalry December 17, 1882.
Colonel Morrow was brevetted colonel of volunteers,
March 13, 1865, for conspicuous gallantry in action, and
was commended by Colonel Hatch, commanding District
of New Mexico, in 18S0, for his persistent pursuit of
Indians, in which he exerted himself to such an extent
as to produce a dangerous hemorrhage.
He was promoted colonel of the Third Cavalry Feb-
ruary 18, 1 89 1, and is at present stationed at Fort Mc-
intosh, Texas.
286
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
CAPTAIN ALFRED MORTON. U.S.A.
Captain Alfred Morton (Ninth Infantry) was born
in Maine on January 16, 1 834. He entered the volunteer
service from California during the war of 'the Rebellion
when he was appointed a first lieutenant of the same
regiment, and was promoted captain February 14, 1863.
Captain Morton's regiment was kept upon the Pacific
coast during the war, and he was on duty in California
most of the time. He participated in an expedition
against the Indians in the Humboldt Military District in
the summer of 1863, and he was subsequently provost-
marshal of San Francisco, and of the State of California,
lie was mustered out of the Second California Cavalry
November 25, 1864, having been appointed major of the
Seventh California Infantry. He retained the latter rank
until finally mustered out of the volunteer service on
March 17, 1866.
Captain Morton entered the regular service as second
lieutenant Ninth Infantry March 3, 1866, and was pro-
moted first lieutenant July 28, 1866. He joined his regi-
ment, then on duty in California, and served with it until
1869, when it changed station to the Department of the
Platte, at Fort Russell, Wyoming. The captain's station
was changed a number of times, he serving at many
posts. He was then ordered to Texas, and in 1891 to
the Northern Lakes.
Captain Morton was regimental quartermaster from
as .sergeant of Company P, and commissary sergeant of June I, 1866, to March 20, 1879, at which time he was
the Second California Cavalry, September 13, 1861, and j promoted captain. Pie is now on the recruiting service
served in the last-named grade until January 6, 1862, ' at Chicago, Illinois.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
287
COMMANDER DENNIS W. MULLAN, U.S.N.
Commander Dennis W. Mullan was born in Mary-
land, and appointed midshipman from Kentucky Septem-
ber, i860. Under the pressure of the war, his class was
graduated from the Naval Academy in 1863; ensign,
October i, 1863; attached to steam-sloop " Mononga-
hela," West Gulf Blockading Squadron, from 1863 to
1865. In attacks on various batteries on the coast of
Texas, and at the battle of Mobile Bay, August 5, 1864 ;
in both attacks upon and the surrender of Fort Morgan ;
served in the steamer " Malvern," North Atlantic Station,
in 1865 ; and the " Mohongo," Pacific Station, 1865-67;
promoted to master November 10, 1865; steam-sloop
" De Soto," North Atlantic Squadron, 1867-68; com-
missioned lieutenant February 21, 1867; commissioned
lieutenant-commander March 12, 1868. While attached
to the " De Soto," he was selected by Commodore Charles
S. Boggs to command the steamer " Glasgow," then at the
Pensacola Navy-Yard, to co-operate with him in sup-
pressing an expedition against Mexico, then fitting out
in New Orleans. " Monocacy," on the Asiatic Station,
from 1868 to 1 87 1. Present at the two attacks upon the
batteries on the river, at Corea, on June 1 and 10, 1871.
In 1872-73, attached to the receiving-ship " Indepen-
dence," at Mare Island; " Saco," on the Asiatic Station,
from 1S73 to 1876; and navigation-duty at Norfolk
Navy- Yard, 1877-78 ; executive-officer of the " Adams,"
in the Pacific, from 1879 to 1881. While attached to the
"Adams," Lieutenant-Commander Mullan was detailed
to accompany the staff of General Baquedano, the Chil-
ian commander-in-chief, in his operations against Lima,
Peru. He was present at all the engagements at Choril-
los, Miraflores, and other places near Lima, and made a
report of these operations to the Navy Department.
He was promoted to commander in July, 1882, and
was in command of the seven iron-clad vessels at City
Point, James River, Virginia, from 1884 to 1887. On
October 1, 1887, he was ordered to command the U. S. S.
" Nipsic," and went via the Straits of Magellan to the
Pacific Station. Was in command of the " Nipsic" at
Samoa during the troublous times with the Germans
there. At that time he gave protection to the American
correspondent, whom the Germans wished to be sent on
board the German man-of-war " Adler," their flag-ship
there, to be tried by court-martial for alleged offences.
Commander Mullan's firm stand put an end to that.
He was in command of the " Nipsic" during the
great Samoan hurricane of March 16, 1889, an(J the
"Nipsic" was the only American man-of-war that was
saved.
Commander Mullan, upon his return from the Pacific,
was on leave of absence for some months, and was then
ordered to duty as light-house inspector, with head-
quarters at New Orleans, where he is at present.
The City Council of Annapolis, Maryland, where Com-
mander Mullan was born, voted him thanks for his con-
duct at the Samoan Islands ; and the Legislature of
Maryland, in its session of 1890, presented him with a
gold watch, in appreciation of his conduct during the
Samoan complications.
288
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NA VY (regular)
REAR-ADMIRAL J. R. M. MULLANY. U.S.N.
(hi CI ASED).
Rear-Admiral J. R. M. Mullany was born in New-
York, and appointed from that State, as midshipman, in
January, 1832. He passed through the ordinary course
of service upon the Mediterranean and the African
Squadrons, the Coast Survey, the Mexican War, and the
West Indies.
In 1861 he was commanding the " Wyandotte," in the
Gulf Squadron, and was commissioned commander in
October of that year. In command of the " Bienville,"
he was frequently engaged with the forts at Charleston
and elsewhere on the South Atlantic coast. Shortly
before the battle of August 5, 1S64, at Mobile Bay, he
volunteered his services, but the "Bienville" not being
considered by Admiral Farragut a fit vessel to engage
the forts, he was assigned to the command of the
" ( meida," which vessel, on passing Fort Morgan, occu-
pied the side exposed to the fire of that fort ; the " Ga-
lena," which was lashed on the port side, being under
his control by virtue of his seniority. He lost an arm
in this action. While commanding the " Bienville," off
Charleston, in 1862, he captured the blockade-running
steamers " Stettin" and " Patras," under the English flag,
and loaded with munitions of war, — the vessels and
cargoes being valued in the aggregate at £500,000. He
also captured nine schooners from Nassau, all under the
English Hag. From April to September, 1863, he com-
manded, while in the " Bienville," a division of the West
Gulf Blockading Squadron. Off Galveston, he sent in a
boat expedition, and captured and brought offtwo schoon-
ers, with five hundred and seventy-six bales of cotton.
After the end of the Civil War he was inspector of
ordnance at the New York Navy- Yard for three years.
He was commissioned captain in July, 1866. Com-
manded steam-sloop "Richmond," of the European
Squadron, from December, 1868, to November, 187 1.
Commissioned as commodore in August, 1870, and was
in command of the Mediterranean Squadron of the Euro-
pean Fleet after that for nearly a year. He was stationed
at the Philadelphia Navy- Yard during the time the station
was changed to League Island, 1872-74. Commissioned
as rear-admiral June, 1S74, and commanded the North
Atlantic Station from that time until February, 1876.
During a part of this time he was in New ( Means, with
a portion of the squadron, to support General Emory,
and afterwards General Sheridan, during the political
turmoil of the period. September and October of 1X73
he spent at Aspinwall, with two vessels of the squadron,
to protect American interests on the Isthmus of Panama,
then menaced by the rebellion in that State. He was
also, for the time being, placed in command of the vessels
of the Pacific Squadron which were in the Bay of Panama.
He was governor of the Naval Asylum at Philadelphia
from 1876 to 1S79. Died in 1887.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
PAY-DIRECTOR JAMES D. MURRAY, U.S.N.
(retired).
Pay-Director James D. Murray was born in Mary-
land, and was appointed purser in the navy from Minne-
sota June 3, 1858. In 1S60 the title was changed to
paymaster, and as such he dates from June 22, i860.
He served on board the sloop-of-war " Cyane," of the
Pacific Squadron, from August, 1858, to February,
1861.
In July, after the breaking out of the Rebellion, he was
ordered to the frigate " Potomac," Atlantic Blockading
Squadron. The " Potomac" was afterwards made store-
ship at Pensacola, Florida. In April, 1863, he was
ordered to the iron-clad " Roanoke," North Atlantic
Blockading Squadron, and served in her until August,
1864. After a leave of absence he joined the receiving-
ship " Princeton," at Philadelphia, and remained there
three years. During this term he was also the pay-
master of the United States Naval Asylum. In 1858-59
he was fleetqjaymastcr on board the U. S. S. " Contoo-
cook." After a tour of duty at the Washington Navy-
Yard, which extended over two years, he next was pay-
master of the Naval Academy at Annapolis, from July,
1 871, to January, 1875. At the latter date he joined the
flag-ship " Franklin," as fleet-paymaster of the European
Squadron, and was detached from her in September,
1876, with permission to remain abroad. After some
months of travel, under these orders, he returned to the
United States, and served three years at the Naval
Asylum, and then another term of three years at the
Naval Academy, Annapolis.
During 18S4-85, Pay-Director Murray was on general
court-martial and board duty, and, for a period, at the
Navy Pay-Office, Washington, D. C, but in September,
1885, was ordered to the Navy Pay-Office at Baltimore,
where he remained until April, 1889.
In August of that year he reported to the Bureau of
Navigation for special duty in connection with the pro-
motion of pay officers and other cognate matters. While
upon this duty (August, 1890) he was again ordered to
the Naval Academy, and remained there until September
20, 1 89 1, when he was detached to make a settlement of
accounts, as he was then retired from active service in
conformity with chapter iii., section 1444, of the Revised
Statutes.
37
290
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
REAR-ADMIRAL J. W. A. NICHOLSON, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Rear-Admiral J. W. A. Nicholson was born in
Massachusetts, and appointed from New York February
10, 1838. He was attached to the sloops " Natchez" and
" Warren," West India Squadron, 1S38-41 ; to the frigate
" Brandywine," Mediterranean Squadron, 1841-42; on
special service, 1842-43.
I le was promoted to passed midshipman June 20, 1844,
and was with the steamship " Princeton" from 1844-46;
Pacific Squadron, 1846-47 ; store-ship " Fredonia," 1848 ;
frigate " Raritan," 1849-50; store-ship "Southampton,"
Pacific, 1851-52.
He was promoted to lieutenant April 24, 1S52; with
sloop " Vandalia," Japanese Expedition under Commo-
dore Perry, from 1853 to 1855 ; participated in all of the
official meetings with the Japanese on that expedition ;
stationed on shore, with a guard from the "Vandalia," at
Shanghai, China, for several months, to protect the for-
eign settlement, while the contending Chinese were en-
camped near by; at navy-yard, New York, 1856-57;
with sloop "Vincennes," on the African coast, 1857-60;
in 1861 was attached to steamer " Pocahontas," which
el started for the relief of Fort Sumter, but arrived
too late, as the fort capitulated, a short time after the
arrival of the " Pocahontas," on April 13, 1861 ; stationed
in Potomac River until October, 186 1 ; in engagement
with rebel batteries at Acquia Creek; in command of the
steamer " Isaac Smith," 1861, and participated in actions
with rebel fleet, November 5 and 6, and battle of Port
Royal, November 7, 1861 ; also participated in the cap-
ture of Jacksonville, Fernandina, and St. Augustine,
Florida ; held the towns of Jacksonville and St. Augus-
tine for several months ; while in command of St. John's
River, was attacked by rebel infanta-, and defeated them
with considerable loss; in engagement with rebel flotilla
in Savannah River in February, 1862.
He was commissioned as commander July 16, 1862;
on ordnance duty in Xew York in 1863; with Smith
Atlantic Blockading Squadron in 1864; in command of
monitor" Manhattan," Western Gulf Squadron, in 1864;
in battle of Mobile Bay forts, and capture of rebel ram
"Tennessee," August 5, 1864; bombarding of Fort
Morgan from August 9 until the surrender, on the 21st;
commanding the steamer" M'>hongo," Pacific Squadron,
1865-66; commanding the steam-ship " Wampanoag,"
1867-68.
He was commissioned as captain July 25, 1866; at
the navy-yard, New York, 1868-70; commanding the
"Lancaster" (second-rate), South Atlantic fleet, 1871-72.
He was commissioned as commodore November 8,
1873; a member of the Board of Examiners, 1873-74;
president of Board of Examiners, 1875-76; commandant
at navy-yard, 1879; commanding European Station,
1880-83.
He was promoted rear-admiral in 1S81, and died in
1SS7.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
291
CAPTAIN AND BREVET LIEUTENANT-COLONEL
JOHN B. NIXON, U.S.A. (retired).
Captain" and Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel John B.
Nixon was born near Boothsville, Harrison County,
Virginia, April 6, 1828. His education was obtained in
the private schools of that locality, and at Rector Col-
lege, Pruntvtown, Virginia.
In 1855 he removed to Henry County, Illinois, where
he held several subordinate county positions, including
justice of the peace and postmaster.
After the breaking out of the war of the Rebellion,
he enlisted June 30, 1862, and was mustered into the U. S.
service as second lieutenant of Company D, One Hun-
dred and Second Illinois Infantry, September 2, 1862,
and promoted first lieutenant April 20, 1863.
He served with his regiment in the Army of the
Ohio and of the Cumberland, under Generals Buell,
Rosecrans, and Thomas, until November 23, 1863, when
he was appointed captain of the Seventeenth U. S. Col-
ored Infantry, and mustered into service December 3,
1863.
He participated in all the important services of that
regiment, including the battle of Nashville, where, in
command of his company, A, he took part in the first
assault on the enemy's works on the morning of De-
cember 15, 1864, in which the casualties in his company
were nineteen in an enlisted strength " present" of forty-
two ; following Hood's retreating army to Tuscumbia,
Alabama, through an arduous campaign of hardship,
suffering, and exposure.
In March, 1865, he was given the position (unsolicited)
of assistant-inspector general, on the staff of Brigadier-
General John F. Miller, U. S. Volunteers (late U. S.
Senator from California), and served as such until No-
vember 3 of that year, when he was relieved to join and
assume command of his regiment, of which he was the
senior captain during its entire service.
He was retained in service some six months after
the muster-out of his regiment on general court-martial
duty, and was honorably discharged by special orders
number 550, War Department, A. G. O., November 3,
1 866.
After the close of the war, upon the recommendations
of Generals Grant, Thomas, Fisk, and others, on June
12, 1867, he received the appointment of first lieutenant
Thirty-eighth Lr. S. Infantry, and served in that and the
Twenty-fourth U. S. Infantry for seventeen years in Kan-
sas, New Mexico, Colorado, Texas, and the Indian Terri-
tory. He was promoted captain Twenty-fourth Infantry
January 5, 1 877.
During his long and active duties in the South-
west, Colonel Nixon saw much arduous service. His
company changed station twelve times during ten
years.
He participated in the campaign against the Apache
chief Victoria, in 1880, and commanded a battalion of
his regiment from Fort Davis, Texas, to Fort Sill, Indian
Territory, in the winter of 1880-81, marching over five
hundred miles, encountering severe " northers," causing
great suffering from cold and frost-bites.
He was regimental quartermaster of the Twenty-fourth
Infantry for six years under Generals Potter, Doubleday,
and Colonel Shafter.
Colonel Nixon descended from a long line of ancestry,
all branches of the family originally emigrating from
Scotland, some from Edinburgh, others from Dundee, in
the seventeenth century, and settling in New Jersey* and
Pennsylvania.
Colonel John Nixon, of Philadelphia, who, on the 8th
of Jul)-, 1776, read to the people of that city the Declara-
tion of Independence, and the late Judge John T. Nixon,
of New Jersey, a graduate of Princeton College, in the
Class of 1 841, formerly member of Congress, and leg-
atee of the late John C. Green, are of the ancestral
stock.
Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel John B. Nixon is a son of
George Nixon, who was born on the 9th of May, 1776,
near Winchester, in Frederick County, Virginia, and
served in the Indian wars in 1792, at the age of sixteen,
at a " block-house" on the Monongahela River, having
emigrated with his parents in 1786 to Harrison County,
Virginia and where he afterwards resided on his estate
of several hundred acres until his death in 1844, and
where still remain members of the family, nine of whom
saw service on the Federal side in the war of the Rebel-
lion, though all native-born Virginians.
Colonel Nixon is now residing at his country-seat,
Belle Mead, Somerset Count}', New Jersey, having been
retired from the army, November 26, 1884, for disability
in the line of duty.
292
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NA VY (regular)
CAPTAIN HENRY B. NOBLE. U.S.A. (retired).
Captain Henry B. Noble was born August 17, 1837,
and graduated at the Military Academy May 6, 1861,
when he was promoted second lieutenant of the Eighth
Infantry, and first lieutenant of the same regiment June
11. 1861. He was ordered to Washington immediately
after graduating, and assigned the duty of assisting in
drilling and mustering the Sixty-ninth New York Vol-
unteers. He participated in the Manassas campaign,
and was engaged in the first battle of Bull Run, July 21,
1 86 1, with two companies of the Eighth Infantry. Upon
returning to Washington, after that battle, he was on
duty as part of the provost guard until October of the
same year, when he was ordered to Fort Hamilton, New
York, to assist in reorganizing the Eighth Infantry,
which had previously been surrendered by General
Twiggs, in Texas. He was ordered to the field again in
May, 1862, and served in the valley of Virginia, in com-
mand of a company of his regiment, until the battle of
Cedar Mountain, August 9, 1862, where he was wounded
by a bullet going through the left leg below the knee.
He was then granted sick-leave of absence until Novem-
ber 19, 1862.
Upon recovering from his wounds, he was detailed at
the Military Academy as assistant professor of geogra-
phy, history, and ethics to March 20, 1863, and then as
assistant instructor of infantry tactics to September 9,
1865.
Lieutenant Noble was brevetted captain for " gallant
and meritorious services at the battle of Cedar Mountain,
Virginia," August 9, 1862. He was promoted captain
of the Eighth Infantry February 13, 1S66.
At the close of his tour of duty at West Point, Cap-
tain Noble was on duty with his company at Baltimore,
Maryland, to January 12, 1S66, when he was ordered to
North Carolina, and served at Raleigh, Salisbury, Mor-
gantown (where he commanded the post), and then was
sent to Charleston, South Carolina, where he was sta-
! tioned for a few months, when he was ordered North on
sick-leave, and afterwards was retired from active ser-
| vice February 18, 1869.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
293
COLONEL BASIL NORMS. U.S.A. (retired).
Colonel Basil Norris was born in Maryland on
March 9, 1828. He was appointed to the regular ser-
vice as first lieutenant and assistant surgeon October
11, 1852, and was promoted captain October 11, 1857.
He accompanied recruits to Texas in November, 1852.
He reported to General P. F. Smith, at Fort Leaven-
worth, February 8, 1858, for duty with the expedition
fitting out for the Utah campaign, and after arrival in
Utah was assigned to duty at Camp Floyd. In May,
i860, he accompanied the Seventh Infantry and a de-
tachment of the Second Dragoons, changing station
from Utah to New Mexico. He was at Fort Craig
and Albuquerque from September, i860, to December,
1861, as medical purveyor of the department and post
surgeon, and then was ordered to report to Colonel
E. R. S. Canby, at camp near Belin, New Mexico, as
medical director and purveyor of troops in the field,
and was engaged at the battle of Val Verde, New
Mexico, in his report of which Colonel Canby uses
these words: " Higher thanks than any I can bestow
are due to the medical officers of the command," etc.
Having reported to the surgeon-general, under orders,
in 1862, Dr. Norris became medical inspector of hos-
pitals, and December 6, 1862, he reported to General
Franklin's head-quarters, in the field with the Army of
the Potomac, as medical director of the Left Grand Divi-
sion, having received his promotion to a majority April
16, 1862.
On February 23, 1863, Dr. Norris was ordered to
report to the surgeon-general in person as attending
surgeon at Washington, remaining there until October
15, 1S84. He was then ordered to the Pacific coast, and
was medical director of the Department of California,
when he was retired March 9, 1892.
At the close of the war Dr. Norris was brevetted
lieutenant-colonel for " faithful and meritorious services
during the war," and colonel for " meritorious services
and diligent discharge of duties during the war." He
was promoted lieutenant-colonel December 14, 1882, and
colonel, November 14, 1S88.
During his long period of service Dr. Norris per-
formed numerous difficult surgical operations. At Fort
Clark, Texas, in 1854, he amputated the thigh of Pri-
vate Kinney, for accidental gun-shot wound through knee-
joint ; in 1855 amputated arm of Corporal Ives for gun-
shot wound through elbow-joint, received in attack of
Indians on paymaster's escort at crossing of Devil's River ;
in 1856 ligated brachial artery of Lieutenant Crosby, U. S.
Mounted Riflemen, for cure of aneurism from arrow-
wound received fighting Indians at Lake Trinidad ; in
1859, at a time °f great excitement, was despatched from
Camp Floyd to Salt Lake City to attend Sergeant Pike,
Tenth U. S. Infantry, who, when in uniform and present
in obedience to summons of U. S. Court, was waylaid at
noon in the public street, shot and mortally wounded by
Spencer, in front of the public hotel. He was post sur-
geon at Albuquerque, New Mexico, in the summer of
1 86 1 during the prevalence of small-pox ; in Washington,
in May, 1863, amputated thigh of Lieutenant Kirby for
gun-shot fracture of the femur by two bullets from spheri-
cal case-shot at Chancellorsville ; in 1 864 amputated thigh
of General John C. Robinson for gun-shot wound of
knee-joint from rifle-ball received in battle in the Wil-
derness; in Washington, amputated leg of Lieutenant
Smedburg, for disease of bone after primary amputation
for gun-shot wound of foot from shell explosion, battle
in the Wilderness.
In Washington, he attended Hon. William H. Seward,
Secretary of State, for double fracture of the inferior
maxillary bone caused by a fall from his carriage, April
4, 1865, and for wounds inflicted by Payne at ten o'clock
on the evening of April 14, 1865. It was by authority
of Mr. Stanton, Secretary of War, that Surgeon-General
Barnes directed a daily detail from Douglas Hospital of
two enlisted men to keep watch by turns in the sick
chamber at night; from that circumstance the assassina-
tion of Mr. Seward was prevented by George F. Robinson,
Eighth Maine Volunteers ; in Washington, in 1878, ampu-
tated arm of Sergeant Penrod, Signal Service, for injur}'
to elbow from fall on roof of station on Broadway, New
York, in 1877; in Washington, had charge of medical
and surgical practice in all its departments, including offi-
cers and general service men on duty in the War Depart-
ment and their families and others.
The duty of attending surgeon in Washington included
medical attendance at the Executive Mansion from
May, 1S65, to March, 1877, — including the terms of
office of President Andrew Johnson and General U. S.
Grant.
294
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND XAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN AND BREVET MAJOR THOMAS H.
NORTON. U.S.A. (retired).
Captain axd Brevet Major Thomas H. Norton was
born at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, April 29, 1N40. He
received an academic education at the Linsly Institute,
at Wheeling, West Virginia, founded by Noah Linsly, a
former philanthropic and public-spirited citizen of that
State. In 1859 young Norton .served as a non-
commissioned officer in a company of Virginia militia,
which was called upon by the Governor of Virginia to
attend the execution of John Brown, at Charlestown,
Virginia, in that year, but Corporal Norton refused to
respond to the summons, and immediately thereafter
severed his connection with the Virginia militia. At the
beginning of the war of the Rebellion he occupied the
position of paymaster at the Belmont Iron- Works, at
Wheeling, Virginia, and under the first call of President
Lincoln for seventy-five thousand volunteers, he raised a
company of men, principally from among the employes
of the iron-mills, of which his father was part owner.
On the 1 1 tli of May, 1861, he was elected second lieu-
tenant of this company, and was mustered into the
United States service by Major James Oakes, U.S.A. A
few days thereafter the First Regiment of loyal Virgin-
ians, fully organized, but without uniforms, and only
partially armed and equipped, took the field in defence
of the Union. While serving with this regiment, Lieu-
tenant Norton took' part in the engagement at Philippi,
Virginia, on June 3, 1861, in which Colonel Kelly, com-
manding the First Virginia Volunteers, with the co-
operation and support of a brigade of Ohio and Indiana
troops, defeated and dispersed the Confederate forces
under Colonel Porterfield ; and in recognition of his
services in this affair, Lieutenant Norton was on August
5, 1 861, appointed captain in the Fifteenth U. S. Infantry,
and reported for duty at Newport Barracks, Kentucky,
in September following. Being at that time but little
over twenty-one years of age, it is believed that Captain
Norton was the youngest officer who then held the rank
ol captain in the regular service.
During the remainder of 1861 and part of 1862, Cap-
tain Norton was on recruiting, mustering, and disbursing
duty at Columbus, Ohio, and Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
At the latter capital he mustered in many of the famous
Pennsylvania regiments that afterwards achieved distinc-
tion in the Civil War. Being relieved of this duty in
November, 1862, he joined the Second Battalion Fif-
teenth U. S. Infantry, at Memphis Tennessee, which
command, after the battle of Chickamauga, in September,
1S63, was attached to the Regular Brigade, Second Divi-
sion, Fourteenth Corps, Arm}- of the Cumberland.
Captain Norton remained on duty in the field with this
command until the end of the war, participating in the
battles of Missionary Ridge, Tennessee, on November
25, 1863, and all the battles of the Atlanta campaign,
including those of Resaca, New Hope Church, Kenesaw
Mountain, Neal Dow Station, Peach-Tree Creek, the
siege of Atlanta, and battle of Jonesborough, Georgia.
He was brevetted major for gallant and meritorious
services in the above actions, and at the end of the war
was awarded a medal of honor by the Legislature of the
State of West Virginia, for his services while connected
with the Virginia volunteers.
During the campaign in Georgia, ending with the cap-
ture of Atlanta by the army under General Sherman, the
company commanded by Captain Norton was reduced
by battle and disease, from a full complement of one
hundred officers and men, to one captain, one corporal,
and eight men.
From 1865 to 1870, Major Norton continued to serve
in Alabama, Mississippi, and Texas, performing duty
under the reconstruction laws of Congress, and in 186S
and 1869 was military mayor of the city, and com-
manding officer of the post of Jackson, Mississippi. He
was retired from active service December 17, 1870, for
disability incurred in the line of duty, and is now en-
gaged in the banking business at his former home, at
Wheeling, West Virginia, and in carrying on mining
operations in Colorado and West Virginia.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
295
CAPTAIN AND BRF.VET MAJOR JOHN M. NORVF.LL,
U.S.A. (retired).
Captain and Brevet Major Joiix M. Norvell was
born in Michigan July 22, 1832. Early in the war of
the Rebellion he entered the volunteer service as second
lieutenant of the Second Michigan Infantry, May 25,
1 86 1, and was honorably mustered out August 31, 1861.
He was appointed captain and acting assistant adjutant-
general of volunteers August 30, 1861, and promoted
major and assistant adjutant-general of volunteers August
22, 1862.
He participated in the campaigns of the Army of the
Potomac from 1 86 1 to 1865, in the Manassas campaign,
and engaged at the action of Blackburn's Ford, and the
first battle of Bull Run, in 1861 ; with the First Division,
Second Army Corps, in the Peninsula campaign ; and
engaged in the battle of Fair Oaks and the Seven Days'
fights, in 1862 ; in the Maryland campaign, ami engaged
in the battle of Antietam, 1862; in the Rappahannock
campaign, and engaged in the battle of Chancellorsville,
Virginia, 1863 ; in the Pennsylvania campaign, and en-
gaged in the battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, 1863.
Major Norvell was assigned to the Third Corps, Army
of the Potomac, from September, 1863, to March, [864,
when he was transferred to the Second Division, Second
Corps, serving with it to the close of the war, and en-
raged in all its battles, from the Wilderness to the sur-
render of General Lee.
Major Norvell resigned from the volunteer service
June 21, 1865, and was appointed first lieutenant of the
Thirty-first U. S. Infantry July 28, 1866. He was bre-
vetted captain March 2, 1867, for " gallant and meri-
torious services in the battle of Gettysburg, Pennsyl-
vania;" and major for " gallant and meritorious services
in the battle of the Wilderness, Virginia." He was also
brevetted lieutenant-colonel of volunteers April 9, 1865,
for " meritorious services in the recent campaign termi-
nating with the surrender of the insurgent army under
General R. E. Lee."
Major Norvell served on the Upper Missouri River in
1866, and was at Fort Buford, Dakota Territory, for two
years, and constructed most of the post. Upon the con-
solidation of regiments he was unassigned May 15, 1869,
but on the 1st of January, 1871, he was assigned to the
Twelfth Infantry. He served at Angel Island, Cali-
fornia, and at various other posts in other departments
from 1 87 1 to 1890. He was promoted captain January
31, 1S74. His last station was at Fort Yates, North
Dakota, from which he went on sick-leave of absence,
and was retired for disability in the line of duty Decem-
ber 29, 1890.
296
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD XAVY (regular)
MEDICAL INSPECTOR A. S. OBERLY, U.S.N.
(retired).
Medical Inspector A. S. Oberlv was born near
Easton, Pennsylvania, on April 7, 1S37, and graduated
in medicine at Yale College in i8f>o. At the outbreak
of the Civil War he was engaged in the practice of medi-
cine at New Haven, Connecticut, and after refusing sev-
eral flattering offers to join the volunteer army as surgeon,
he answered a call of the Secretary 1 if the Navy to appear
before an examining board; after which he was appointed
an assistant surgeon, and assigned to the receiving-ship
" ( )hio," at Boston, and later was commissioned an assist-
ant surgeon July 30, 1861.
His next duty was on the frigate "Sabine," off the
South Carolina coast, and while en route for an attack on
Port Royal, the rescuing of about four hundred marines
from the foundering steamer "Governor" detained the
ship until too late for action.
In January, [862, he was transferred to the gun-boat
" Kineo," and participated with Flag-officer Farragut in
his attacks and passage of Forts Jackson and St. Philip,
ami Port Hudson, and was present during the attack on
Baton Rouge, where he assisted the arm)' in caring for
the wounded.
During the siege of Port Hudson he was on duty
ashore, at the request of the medical director of the
army, but, owing to weeks of prolonged arduous ser-
vice and loss of rest in a malarious locality, his health
became greatly impaired.
About the same time he was called upon by the army
to assist in taking care of the Union and Confederate
wounded, during an attack on Fort Butler, at Donald-
sonville, 1 .ouisiana.
After the opening of the Mississippi River, he was
ordered to the Naval Academy at Newport, Rhode
Island, and the following autumn was sent to the North
Atlantic Squadron, and by Admiral Porter assigned to
the steamer " Santiago dc Cuba," participating in both
attacks on Fort Fisher.
After the fall of Fort Fisher that vessel conveyed the
wounded to the Naval Hospital at Norfolk, and subse-
quently carried cabinet officers and their friends to visit
the different battle-fields along the Atlantic coast and
the James River.
His next service was at the Naval Hospital at New
York, and a few months afterwards on the steamer
" Rhode Island," which brought the Confederate steamer
"Stonewall" from Havana to Washington.
Following this duty came orders to the navy-yard,
New York, to remain until June 19, 1866, when he was
promoted to surgeon, after which he was transferred to
the Naval Station at Mound City, Illinois. Leaving
here, he was ordered to the steam-sloop " Narragan-
sett," but from a long stay at Havana and Matanzas
during a sickly season, yellow fever appeared on the
ship, causing her to be sent North to be put out of com-
mission.
A few months later he went to Rio de Janeiro to join
the sloop " Portsmouth," cruising on the Brazilian and
African coasts, and touching at the different islands in
the South Atlantic. Here he had a varied experience
with small-pox and yellow fever on board ship. The
next assignment was to the receiving-ship at Boston, but
in a few months he was detached and ordered as surgeon
of the navy-yard.
In the winter of 1873, while trouble was pending be-
tween the United States and Spain, he was ordered to
the iron-clad "Dictator" for duty in the West Indies, and
from her he was transferred to the navy-yard and hos-
pital at Pensacola, Florida, to pass the next three and a
half years.
Leaving here, he was sent to the Torpedo Station, and
in the fall of 1880 to the steamer " Powhatan."
Earl)- in 1881 he was detached from this vessel and
ordered to the Asiatic Station for duty as fleet-surgeon,
a duty he performed until the return of the flag-ship
" Richmond" in 1S84, making, during this cruise, a cir-
cuit around the earth.
On his return to the United States he was promoted
to the grade of medical inspector, with the relative rank
of commander, from March 4, 1884, and then ordered to
the navy-yard and hospital at Portsmouth, New Hamp-
shire, where he remained until the spring of 1888, when,
with his family, he set apart a six months' trip to visit
the various places of interest in Europe.
Returning to the United States, he was ordered again
to the steamer " Richmond," but failing health, dating
back to his last cruise, compelled him to accept the
alternative of the retired list, and on which he was placed
January J4, 1889.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
297
CAPTAIN JAMES O'KANE, U.S.N.
Captain James O'Kane is a native of Indiana, and
was appointed midshipman in the navy from that State on
October 30, 1856. Upon graduating from the Naval
Academy in 1 860 he was ordered to the frigate " Niagara."
When the Civil War broke out in the succeeding year,
and officers were in demand, the graduate of only a year's
standing was made acting lieutenant of the " Niagara,"
and in her participated in the stirring events in connec-
tion with Fort 1'ickens. He was promoted to master in
1 861 , and with that rank was second lieutenant of the
" Brooklyn," and present at the passage of Forts Jackson
and St. Philip, the Chalmette batteries, and the capture
of New Orleans. At the passage of the forts he was
wounded. I Ie was present at the various attacks upon
and at the passage of Vicksburg.
He was commissioned as lieutenant July, 1862, and
became executive-officer of the " R. R. Cuyler" in the
fall of 1862. He was executive-officer of the gun-boat
" Paul Jones," and of the monitor "Sangamon," on the
South Atlantic Blockading Squadron, in 1863. In the
latter vessel he participated in various attacks upon Fort
Moultrie, and batteries Bee and Beauregard. He also
commanded the marine battalion in an expedition up
Broad River, South Carolina, in connection with the
army. lie took part in the battles of Honey I Till, Tulli-
finny Cross-Roads, and in an engagement <>n the Charles-
ton and Savannah Railroad. After this expedition, Lieu-
tenantO'Kane served upon the staff of Admiral Dahlgren,
and continued to do so until the close of the war. During
this duty upon the staff, he commanded two expeditions
of tugs and launches up the Santee, into the Congaree
and Wateree Rivers, with the object of communicating
with Sherman's army, which was expected to pass through
Columbia, South Carolina. After the close of the Civil
War, Lieutenant O'Kane served in the West Indies on
board the " Rhode Island," and was commissioned as
lieutenant-commander in April, 1866. He was executive-
offii erofthe" Swatara," European Squadron, in 1866-67,
and then executive-officer of the " Lancaster," of the
South Atlantic Squadron. In 1 870-7 1 he was in com-
mand of tin- " Wasp," of the last-named squadron. After
some service on ordnance duty at Pittsburg in 1872, he
became executive-officer of the " Powhatan," and was in
command of the iron-clad " Mahopac," North Atlantic
Squadron, in 1873. He was commissioned as com-
mander in January, 1874, and was head of the depart-
ment of ordnance and gunner)- at the Naval Academy
from 1875 to 1878. His next service was in command
of the " Galena," European Squadron, in 1880-82. From
1883 to 1886 he was inspector of light-houses. From
1887 to 1889 he was on duty at the navy-yard, Ports-
mouth, New Hampshire. From February, 1S89, to Feb-
ruary, 1 891, he commanded the cruiser "Boston," Squad-
ron of Evolution.
Captain O'Kane is at present in command of the
receiving-ship " Wabash."
38
29S
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY {regular)
MAJOR-GENERAL EDWARD OTHO CRESAP ORD,
U.S.A. (deceased).
Major-General Edward Otho Cresap (>ri> was
born in Cumberland, Maryland, October iX, [818, and
died in Havana, Cuba, July 22, 18S3. He showed in his
youth great mathematical ability, which attracted atten-
tion and gained fur him an appointment to West Point,
where lie graduated in 1839. He was assigned to the
Third Artillery, and served in the Florida War against
the Seminole Indians, [839-42, winning his promotion as
first lieutenant in 1841. He was one of two lieutenants
selected by General Harney to attack the Indians in the
Everglades, and on one occasion went back to his wounded
sergeant, whom his companions had deserted, and, taking
his musket, held the Indians off until they returned to the
rescue. In 1847, w'tn Lieutenants II. W. I [alleck and W.
T. Sherman, he was ordered to California, via Cape Horn,
where he served during the Mexican War, and at its close
was stationed at Monterey, where, by his individual efforts,
he did much to preserve law and order. Once, following
a part\- of desperadoes several hundred miles, his men
deserted him ; he then continued alone, overtook, and, by
the aid of the inhabitants, succeeded in capturing and
executing them. In September, 1850, he was promoted
captain; on December 3, 1852, he was assigned to Coast
Survey duty; in [855 he was on theYskima Indian Ex-
pedition; in 1856 he was on the Rogue River Expedition,
being in command in the action of Macknyhootney Vil-
lages on March 26. Of this fight he said, " It was the
first defeat in pitched battle these Indian-, had ever expe-
rienced." During that night he carried in his arms on his
saddle one of his worst-wounded men, for several hours,
through the thick underbrush to the river, amid the
groanings and pleadings of the poor fellow to be put out
of his misery. He was also in command of the action at
Chccto Creek, April 28, 1856. He was then stationed at
Benicia until 185S, when he was on frontier duty at Fort
Miller, California, and participated in the Spokane Expe-
dition ; was engaged in the combat of Four Lakes, Sep-
tember 1, 1858; combat of Spokane Plain, September 5,
1S58; skirmish of Spokane River, September 8, 1858, — the
celebrated chief, Rogue River John, surrendering to him.
In 1859 he was stationed at Fort Monroe, and was in the
Harper's Ferry Expedition to suppress the John Brown
raid. He was commissioned brigadier-general of volun-
teers, " for services in the war," September 4, 1861, and
commanded the Third Brigade, Pennsylvania Reserves.
His first engagement of the war was at Dranesville, where
he defeated the Confederates, under General Jeb. Stewart,
after a sharp contest lasting several hours. In this fight
he pointed and fired the first cannon himself, the shell
causing great havoc among the enemy. General John F.
Reynolds said at the time, " I knew, if there was a fight to
be scared up, Ord would find it." He was brevetted lieu-
tenant-colonel for gallantry in that battle. In Ma)', 1862,
he commanded a division in the Army of the Rappahan-
nock; in June and August, Corinth, Mississippi. In May
lie was promoted major-general of volunteers, and com-
manded left wing, Army of Tennessee; was engaged in
the battle of Iuka ; fought the battle of the Hatchie. He
was severely wounded, and had to be carried from the field.
After his recovery he was given the 18th Army Corps,
before Vicksburg. He was with Gen. Grant during the
conference and surrender of Gen. Pemberton. Lie was
engaged in the capture of Jackson, Miss. ; Feb. 16, 1864,
commanding the 1 Stir Army Corps and all troops in
the Middle Department. He was then given the Eigh-
teenth Army Corps, and took part in the movements
before Petersburg; and, crossing his army to the north
side of the James 011 the 29th of September, led the
forces that carried the strong fortifications and long line
of intrenchnients below Chapin's Farm known as Fort
Harrison. During the assault he was severely wounded.
In January he was given the Arm)' of the James and
Department of Virginia. With this command he was
engaged in the various operations terminating in the
evacuation of Richmond and surrender of General Lee.
He was twenty years a general, — commanding, after
the Rebellion, the Departments of Ohio, Arkansas, 4th
Military District, Departments of California, Platte, and
Texas. He was retired with the rank of major-general.
On one occasion he saved a worthless member of
his company from drowning, in San Francisco Bay, by
jumping from the deck of the steamer into the bay after
him.
The War Department order that announced his death
closed with these words : " As his intimate associate since
boyhood, the general (Sherman) here bears testimony of
him that a more unselfish, manly, and patriotic person
never lived."
117/0 SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
299
CAPTAIN GILBERT E. OVERTON, U.S.A. (retired).
Captain Gilbert E. Overton was born in New-
York City March 18, 1845. At tllc breaking out of the
war he was attending school in New York City, and it
was intended by his parents to educate him for the law.
lie entered the service as second lieutenant of the
Fourth New York Cavalry September 26, 1861, when
but sixteen years old, and was consequently one of
the youngest officers in the service. He was honorably
mustered out April 29, 1S62, but re-entered the volun-
teer service as first lieutenant and adjutant of the
Twelfth New York Cavalry October 25, 1S62, from
which he was honorably mustered out March 2, 1863.
He then, for the third time, entered the service as first
lieutenant and adjutant Twelfth New York Cavalry Sep-
tember 21, 1863, and at the close of the war he was
honorably mustered out July 19, 1S65.
During his volunteer service he participated in the
Shenandoah Valley campaign of 1S62, and in campaign
in North Carolina in 1863 to 1865. He was appointed
in the regular army as second lieutenant of the Sixth
U. S. Cavalry October 2, 1867 ; was promoted first lieu-
tenant May 22, 1872, and captain December 30, 1881.
lie was, for over twenty years, on active duty on
the plains of the Southwest, during which period he
operated against most of the powerful savage tribes of
that section. Fourteen years of his service were passed
in the territories of Arizona and New Mexico. In his
report to the War Department of a fight with the Chey-
enne Indians, August 30, 1874, Colonel Nelson A. Miles,
Fifth Infantry, commanding, stated, " A splendid charge-
was made by the First Battalion. . . . companies D, F,
and G, Sixth Cavalry . . . Lieutenant Overton . . . respec-
tively, as commanding officers . . . up a steep crest, and
the position carried in fine style ;" and at the conclusion
of that hard campaign the same officer, under date of
March 11, 1875, recommended to the War Department,
"that First Lieutenant G. E. Overton, Sixth Cavalry,
be brevcttcd captain U. S. A., for distinguished service
in leading a cavalry charge in the engagement on Mc-
Clellan Creek, Texas, November 8, 1S74, and for faithful
services during the campaign." This brevet was not
granted, owing to the fact that brevets for Indian sen i< e
are not granted in the U. S. Army. Major George B.
Sanford, First Cavalry, commanding, in his report (dated
October 5, 188 1), to the department commander, of a
fight between his (Sanford's) battalion and Chiricahua
Indians (near Fort Grant), Arizona, states, "The officers
engaged were Lieutenant G. E. Overton, Sixth Cavalry,
... all of whom are deserving of the highest commen-
dation."
Under date October 22, 1881, Adjutant-General J. C.
Kelton (Military Division, Pacific), states, in an indorse-
ment on a communication from Lieutenant G. E. Over-
ton, reporting the results in practical tests of recent im-
provements in arms, "Lieutenant Overton, Sixth Cav-
alry, has always shown himself a brilliant young cav-
alry officer, very observant and progressive. The troop
he commands is one of the best drilled and most enter-
prising of his regiment."
Colonel James W. Savage, who commanded the
Twelfth New York Volunteer Cavalry during the war of
the Rebellion, states, in a communication to the Presi-
dent (Andrew Johnson), dated Omaha, Nebraska, Febru-
ary 1, 1868, and after referring to Lieutenant Overton's
original entry into the volunteer service, and his hav-
ing twice declined promotion in order that he might
retain the adjutancy of his (Savage's) regiment, "at the
organization of the First Florida (loyal) Cavalry, he
was offered a majority in that regiment, but he preferred
to remain with the Twelfth New York Cavalry. I le
distinguished himself for bravery at the two attacks upon
New Berne, North Carolina, in the early part of 1864;
at the attack on Kinston, North Carolina, in December
of the same year; at the battle of Wise's Forks, in
March, 1865 ; and in numerous other affairs of minor
importance during the war. On the 8th of March, 1865,
at Wise's Forks, he led a most brilliant and successful
charge, bringing in more prisoners than were taken by
the remainder of the Federal forces (in an entire division)
engaged during the entire day. His ability in the posi-
tion of adjutant became well known in the department
where the regiment served."
In July, 1889, Captain Overton left his post — Fort
Stanton, New Mexico — on sick-leave, and after spend-
ing two years in Europe for his health, he was finally
retired from active duty (in February, 1891), in conse-
quence of permanent disability contracted in the line
of duty. In May, 1891, he returned from Europe and
established his permanent home in Washington, D. C.
500
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL JOHN II. PAGE, U.S.A.
Lieutenant-Colonel John II. Page (Twenty-second
Infantry) was born in Delaware, March 26, 1842. He
is the sun of Captain John Page,4th Inf., who was horri-
bly wounded by a cannon-shot in the battle of Palo Alto,
May 8, and died of his wound July 12, 1846. Colonel
Page entered the military service as a private in Com-
pany A, First Illinois Light Artillery, August 25, [861,
and while serving as a volunteer he was appointed a
id lieutenant in the Third U. S. Infantry, to date
from August 5, 1861. This appointment he accepted
October 24, 1861, and was, in consequence, honorably
disi harged from the volunteer service on that date.
Joining his regiment, he served with it in Washington
during the winter of [ 861, and was promoted fust lieu-
tenant March 12, 1862, taking the held with the regular
brigade in the Army of the Potomac, and participating
in the Peninsula campaign, being engaged in the ii
of Yorktown, battles of Gaines' Mill, Malvern Hill, and
econd Hull Run. He also participated in the Maryland
campaign, and was engaged in the battle of Antietam;
in the Rappahannock campaign, and engaged in the
battle of Fredericksburg, Virginia, and the subsequent
movements, terminating with the battle of Chancellors-
ville, Virginia ; in the Pennsylvania campaign, and en-
d in thebattleof Gettysburg and subsequent march
bai I. to the Rappahannock River, from whence his regi-
ment was despatched to assist in quelling the draft riots
in New York City, encamping in Washington Square.
!'• turning 1- the Army of the Potomac in September,
he was engaged in the Rappahannock Station and Mine-
Run fights. He wintered at Bristol Station, Virginia,
guarding the railroad bridges, when his regiment was
ordered again to duty in New York City, lie was pro-
moted captain 6th of May, 1864, and was in command
of fort Wadsworth, New York harbor, serving as in-
structor of heavy artillery to the Sixty-ninth New York-
militia during the scare produced by the privateer "Ala-
bama," fi '!' w Inch service he was appointed chief ordnance-
officer of the city and harbor of New York, serving until
the spring of [865, when, with his regiment, he again
joined tin Army of the Potomac, serving with the Provost
Brigade attached to the head- quarters of the army, and
commanded the Third Infantry at the surrender of Lee
at Appomattox. At the close of the war he was made
brevet captain December 13, 1 862, for " gallant and meri-
torious services in the battle 1 it Fredericksburg, Virginia ;"
brevet major July 2, [863, for "gallant and meritorious
services in the- battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania."
In the fall of [865 he, with his regiment, started for
the frontier, wintering at Jefferson Barracks, Missouri.
In the spring of 1866 he was at Leavenworth, Kansas,
f 1 which post he marched to the Smoky Hill River,
and aided in building Fort Harker, Kansas. In Novem-
ber of the same year he marched to Fort I >odge, Kansas,
wintering in dug-outs on the banks of the Arkansas.
Indian hostilities had been uninterrupted since his arrival
at Fort Dodge, of which he had his fair share, and when
the troops for the campaign of 1868 were assembled,
General Alfred Sully, commanding, placed him in com-
mand of the infantry column, leaving him after the cam-
paign was over to build Camp Supply, Indian Territory,
and gather the hostile Indians there until such time as
the Interior Department was ready to assume control of
them. In 1 87 1 he changed station to Port Lyon, Colo-
rado, and in July, 1874, was ordered South with his regi-
ment, serving at Holly Springs, Mississippi, and New
< Means, Louisiana (during White League troubles),
Jackson Barracks, McComb City, and Holly Springs,
from which place he was ordered to duty in Indiana and
Pennsylvania during the railroad riots of 1877. The
regiment, being concentrated at Wilkesbarre, Pennsyl-
vania, was ordered by telegraph to Montana, via Corinne,
Utah, from which point it marched to Helena, building
log houses on its arrival. The spring found his regiment
again on the march to Milk' River region, his company
reaching Frenchman's Creek November, 187S, when,
after arresting the Canadian Indians trespassing on the
Assinaboine hunting-grounds, he took' station at Fort
Shaw, Montana. In i884hewasat Fort Missoula, where
he received, on the 12th of September, [885, his majority
in the Eleventh Infantry. He joined his new regiment
at Fort Abraham Lincoln, Dakota; 1886 found him in
command of Fort Yates, Dakota. In August, 1887, his
regiment was ordered to Fort Niagara, New York, which
post he commanded until 1889, when he was ordered to
Madison Barracks.
He was promoted lieutenant-colonel February 24, l8yi,
and assigned to duty with the Twenty-second Infantry at
Fort Keogh, Montana.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
301
COLONEL AND BREVET BRIGADIER-GENERAL INNIS
N. PALMER. U.S.A. (retired).
Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-General Innis N.
Palmer was born in New York, and graduated from the
Military Academy July 1, 1846. He was promoted
brevet second lieutenant Mounted Rifles the same day,
second lieutenant July 20, 1847, and first lieutenant Jan-
uary l-J, 1853. He served during the war with Mexico,
and arrived at Vera Cruz March 9, 1847; participated
in the siege of Vera Cruz, the battles of Cerro Gordo,
Contreras, Churubusco, Chapultepec (severely wounded),
and in the assault upon and capture of the City of Mexico ;
commanded Company 15 of the police in the City of
Mexico from December 18, 1847, to June 5, 1848; re-
turned to Jefferson Barracks in July, 1848; served as
acting adjutant of his regiment to March 25, 1841),
when he was on regimental recruiting service at St.
Louis until May; then he rejoined his regiment near
Fort Leavenworth and marched with it to Oregon
City, where he arrived about the 15th of October; he
served as acting adjutant of his regiment from October
14, 1849, to May 1, 1850, and held the position until
July 1, 1854; returning East, served at Jefferson Bar-
racks in 1851, anil during the years [852-54 was em-
ployed in Indian campaigns in Texas, and had stations
at Forts Merrill, Ewell, and Inge; lie was on recruiting
service in Baltimore when appointed a captain in the
Fifth (old Second) Cavalry, to date from March 3,
1855; joined at Jefferson Barracks August 27, 1855;
marched with the regiment to Texas, and arrived at
Fort Mason January 14, 185(1, where he served until
Jul)', when he was assigned to the command of Camp
Verde, which he retained until May, 1858, and was
employed during January and February, 1858, in oper-
ations against hostile Indians near the head-waters of
the Brazos and Colorado Rivers; returned to Fort
Mason in May, 1858, and about one month later pro-
ceeded to Fort Belknap, where the regiment was or-
dered to concentrate for the march to Utah ; but the
order was revoked, and he was assigned to duty at that
post, where he served until January, 1S59. He returned
to duty in October, i860, and conducted a detachment of
recruits to Texas, and rejoined his company at Camp
Cooper January 5, 1861. He marched his company to
Green Lake, where he was joined by five other companies ;
then conducted the battalion to Indianola, and there em-
barked on the steamship" Coatzacoalcos," and arrived in
New York harbor April II, 1861, proceeding directly
to Washington, where he was employed in guarding
the Treasury building and served in the defences of the
city; commanded the regular cavalry in the Manassas
campaign ; served as a member of a board convened
at Washington in August, 1861, for the examination
of officers who were reported to be unable to perform
field-service; commanded the regiment in the defences
of Washington from August 28, [861, until March,
[862, when he participated in the Virginia Penin-
sula campaign as a brigade commander in the Fourth
Corps, Army of the Potomac, having been appointed
brigadier-general of volunteers September 23, 1861, ami
was engaged in the siege of Yorktown, in tin- battles ol
Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, Glen dale, and Malvern Hill;
he was then employed in organizing and forwarding
to the field New Jersey and Delaware volunteers, and in
superintending camps of drafted men at Philadelphia,
until December, 1862, when he was transferred to North
Carolina, where he served until June, 1865 ; commanded
at different periods the First Division of the Eighteenth
Army Corps, the Department of North Carolina, the
District of Pamlico, the Eighteenth Army Corps, the
defences of New Berne, the Districts of North Carolina
and Beaufort, and participated in March, 1865, in Gen-
eral Sherman's movements, and was engaged in the
action of Kinston; joined his regiment at Fort Ells-
worth, Kansas, on the 2istof May, and commanded it
until September; he was on leave of absence until
December, and rejoined the regiment at Fort Laramie,
Wyoming, and commanded it until August, 1S67, and
again from November, 1867, to Jul}', 1868; served as
a member of a board convened at Washington to pass
upon a system of cavalry tactics from July, 1868, to
June, 1869. He served at Omaha Barracks and Fort
Sanders, Wyoming, until retired from service March 20,
1879.
Colonel Palmer was brevetted major-general of volun-
teers, and also lieutenant-colonel, colonel, and brigadier-
general U. S. Army, for gallant and meritorious services.
He was promoted major Second Cavalry April 25, 1861 ;
lieutenant-colonel Second Cavalry September 23, 1S63;
and colonel Second Cavalry June 9, 1868.
;02
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL DA1NGERFIELD PARKER,
U.S.A.
Lieutenant-Colonel Daingerfield Parker (Thir-
teenth Infantry) was born in New York M.iv 23, [832.
He is the great-grandson of Richard Parker, of West-
moreland County, Virginia, the first judge of the Court
of Appeals, and signer of the "Protest to the Stamp
\< t ;" great-nephew of Colonel Richard Parker (killed
at the head of his regiment at the siege of Charleston,
Smith Carolina, during the Revolutionary War); of
Colonel Alexander Parker, an officer of the Revolu-
tionary army, and afterwards colonel of the Fifth Regi-
ment of Infantry (regular army), 1808; of Thomas
Parker, an officer of the Revolutionary army, and after-
wards colonel of the Twelfth (regular) Infantry, in 1812,
and promoted (1813) brigadier-general; grandson of
William Harmar Parker, a lieutenant in the Virginia
State Navy during the war of the Revolution.
The subject of this sketch entered the regular ser-
vice at the commencement of the war of the Rebellion,
as second lieutenant Third Infantry, April 26, 1861.
He was promoted first lieutenant May 30, 1861, and
served in General Patterson's Virginia campaign, 1861.
He was with the Arm)- of the Potomac, and engaged
at the battles of first and second Bull Run, Antietam,
Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg, where
he was slightly wounded. He was with his regiment
enforcing the draft in New York City, and then on
recruiting duty in Washington, D. C. lie commanded
Fort Slocum during the attack of the rebel General
Early upon Washington, 1). C, in the autumn of 1804.
Lieutenant Parker was promoted captain in October,
1863, and was.it Governor's Island, New York harbor,
and commanding three companies of his regiment in
Washington, D. C, to 1865. He was brevetted major
for " gallant and meritorious services at the battle of
Gettysburg, Pennsylvania." He commanded his regi-
ment at the head-quarters Army of the Potomac in the
spring of 1865; commanded the Military Prison, St.
Louis, Missouri, from October, 1865, to April, 1866,
when he was ordered to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and
commanded a detachment engaged in an expedition
against hostile Indians to October, 1866. He was then
stationed at Fort Ilarker, Kansas, and commanded a
battalion engaged in an expedition against hostile Indians
to September, 1867, and was then at Fort Leavenworth,
Kansas, to September, 1868.
Major Parker was at Fort Larned, Kansas (command-
ing post), from September, 1 868, and from February, 1S69,
to October, 1870; then stationed at Fort Leavenworth,
Kansas, to July, 1874, when the Third Infantry changed
station to the Department of the Gulf. He was stationed
at Holly Springs, Mississippi, in July and August, 1874 ;
in command of post at Shreveport, Louisiana, from Sep-
tember, 1874, to July, 1876; at Baton Rouge, Louisiana,
for a few weeks, when, after a four months' leave, he was
stationed at New Orleans, Louisiana, until the early part
of 1877; then for a brief period in command at Holly
Springs, Mississippi, and afterwards of Jackson, Missis-
sippi.
lie was ordered North during the labor riots of 1877.
stopping for brief periods at Louisville, Indianapolis, and
Pittsburg, eventually conducting seven companies of the
Third Infantry to Scranton, and afterwards to Wilkes-
barre, Pennsylvania. He was ordered West to Montana
Territory the same year with the regiment, going by rail
to Corinne, Utah, and marching thence to Helena. He
was stationed in Montana at various posts (alternating
with field-service) until August, 1S80, when he estab-
lished Fort Maginnis, Montana. He was then on leave
for eight months the following year, returning to Mon-
tana (Fort Shaw) in May, 1882. He was then ordered on
recruiting service in Philadelphia until September, 1883,
and then stationed at David's Island, New York harbor,
to April, 1884.
He was promoted major Ninth Infantry April 14, 1884,
and was stationed at Fort 1). A. Russell, Wyoming, from
June, 1884, to Jul}-, [886; thence at Fort Wingate, New-
Mexico, until February, 1887; at Whipple Barracks,
Arizona, until October, 1887 ; thence to San Diego Bar-
racks, California (in command), until Jul}-, 1889; then on
leave for four months, lie was promoted lieutenant-
colonel AIa_\- 15, 1889, and was in command of Depot
General Recruiting Service, Xew York harbor, from Oc-
tober, 1889, to October, 1891. Thence, after one month's
leave, to Fort Supply, Indian Territory, remaining there
from November 3 to December 3 ; thence to Fort Sill,
Oklahoma Territory, assuming command of that post
February 13, 1892.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
COMMODORE FOXHALL A. PARKER, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Commodore Foxhall A. Parker was a son of Com-
modore F. A. Parker, of the United States Navy, and
was born in New York. Appointed from Virginia March
i i , 1 839 ; attached to sloop " Levant," West India Squad-
ron, 1840; served in Florida against the Indians. Pro-
moted to passed midshipman June 29, 1843; steamer
" Michigan," on the Lakes, 1844-45 > Coast Survey, 1848;
Mediterranean Squadron, 1849-50. Commissioned as
lieutenant September 28, 1850; steam-frigate " Susque-
hanna," East India Squadron, 1851-53; Coast Survey,
1854-55; unemployed, 1856-59; Pacific Squadron,
1859-61 ; navy-yard, Washington, as executive-officer,
1861-62; doing duty with the navy on the Potomac,
and with the army at Alexandria ; while attached to the
navy-yard at Washington, was ordered, two days after
the battle of Bull Run, to Fort Ellsworth, with two
hundred and fifty seamen and marines, to protect it from
the attack of General Beauregard, who was expected to
storm it, and by his prompt and vigorous action con-
tributed greatly to the safety of Alexandria, and to ral-
lying the men from their demoralization after the defeal
at Bull Run. Commissioned as commander July 16,
1862; commanding steam-gun-boat "Mahaska," 1863;
in command of the naval battery on Morris Island, at
the bombardment of Fort Sumter, from the 17th to the
23d of August, 1863 ; engaged with skirmishes with
batteries on the Potomac and Rappahannock Rivers, and
off Wilmington, North Carolina, with rebel troops on
shore, while commanding the " Mahaska," in 1863, and
the Potomac Flotilla, in 1864-65; on one occasion, at
the head of a small detachment of soldiers and marines,
with two howitzers manned by seamen, Commander
Parker marched some distance into Virginia and drove
a force of over one hundred cavalry out of Matthew's
Court-House, which he took possession of; Bureau of
Navigation, 1866. Commissioned as captain July 25,
1866; special duty, Hartford, Connecticut, 1S67-68 ;
navy-yard, Boston, 1869-70; commanding frigate" Frank-
lin," European Squadron, 1S70-71 ; member Board of
Examiners, 1872. Commissioned as commodore No-
vember 25, 1872 ; was chief of staff to the North Atlan-
tic Fleet, 1872; ordered to special duty at Washington
August 7, 1872, to draw up a code of signals for steam
tactics, and chief signal-officer of the navy, 1S73-76. In
1863 he prepared, by order of the Navy Department,
systems of " Fleet Tactics under Steam," and " Squad-
ron Tactics under Steam ;" in 1865, "The Navy Howitzer
Afloat;" and in (866, "The Naval Howitzer Ashore,"
all of which works are text-books at the Naval Acad-
emy. Was one of the founders of United States Naval
Institute, organized October 9, 1873, at Annapolis, " for
the advancement of professional and scientific knowledge
in the navy." In December, 1874, Commodore Parker
was appointed chief of staff of the united fleets under
command of Admiral Case, which were assembled for
instruction in tactics in the Florida waters ; commanding
navy-yard, Boston, Massachusetts, 1877-7S; superin-
tendent Naval Academy, 1878-79. Died June 10, 1879,
while in command of the Academy.
Commodore Parker was the author of several works,
most of them on professional subjects.
304
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
SURGEON JOSEPH B. PARKER, U.S.N.
Surgeon Joseph B. Parker was burn June 20, 1841,
in Bloomfield, Perry County, Pennsylvania. His father
died the year after the birth of the subject of this notice,
and the family removed to Carlisle. Pennsylvania, where
he was brought up, being educated at the public schools,
ami then to Dickinson College, from which, in due
course, lie received the degrees of Bachelor of Arts and
Master of Arts. While in college he had been much
attracted by the course in physiology, and this had an
influence in determining him to pursue the study of
medicine. His family had by this time moved to Mar-
tinsburg, now in West Virginia, the home of his mother's
ancestors, and circumstances rendered it expedient for
him to study at the medical college at Richmond, in that
State, but he afterwards studied in New York, and re-
ceived his degree of medical doctor in that city.
lie intended to settle in Virginia, to practise his pro-
fession, but the breaking out of the Civil War interfered
with his plans, and he repaired to Baltimore, Maryland,
and offered his services to the surgeon in charge of the
United States hospital on Camden Street, which, in 1.N62,
was crowded with wounded and sick. Here, under com-
petent superior officers, young Parker had a valuable
experience, which prepared him for the responsibility
involved in his subsequent position, and gave him, in
addition, the habit of prompt decision. As the military
hospitals of Baltimore increased in number, Dr. Parker
was transferred to the one in Calvert Street, to take part
in its organization.
In the autumn of 1862 he left this place to become
one of the seventy-five medical cadets provided for by
Act of Congress, for service in hospitals and in the field.
He was immediately ordered to assist in the organization
of the Campbell Hospital, Washington, with a capacity
of one thousand beds. He was afterwards, at his own
request, transferred to the Lawson Hospital at St. Louis,
Missouri, devoted to surgical cases alone.
The government at that time needed medical officers
for service in the Mississippi Squadron, and made an
appeal for competent ones. Dr. Parker therefore left
the Lawson Hospital, and was appointed acting assistant
sur-eon in the navy, in March, 1863.
He reported to Admiral Porter, whose flag-ship was
then lying at the mouth of the Yazoo, and received orders
assigning him to the hospital transport " Red Rover."
From the hospital-boat he was temporarily ordered to
the gun-boat " Forest Rose," at her station in sight of
Vicksburg, on account of an epidemic of small-pox on
board that vessel. When she was pronounced clear, he
returned to the " Red Rover," and, after some months,
was transferred to Naval Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.
Here he remained until the termination of the war and
the reduction of the naval forces. Alter two months'
leave he was "honorably discharged, with the thanks of
the Department," October, 1865. After some months of
professional study, Dr. Parker settled in Baltimore, as a
practitioner, and was fairly successful ; but years of
public service had rendered the new and exacting con-
ditions of private practice hard to accejit. In October,
1866, he appeared before the Examining Board at Phila-
delphia, and, having passed, was appointed an assistant
surgeon in the regular service. His first orders were to
the Naval Academy at Annapolis, where he remained
until his promotion to passed assistant surgeon. This
occurred quite sik.ii, on account of an Act of Congress,
applicable in all cases where service in the volunteer
navy had been rendered. In August, 1876, he was pro-
moted to be surgeon.
During his service of more than hventy-five years
in the regular navy, he has served at sea on all foreign
stations, except the European. He has been employed
on shore at most of the Eastern naval establishments.
Surgeon Parker was for some time on special duty at
the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, at Washington, and
was then assistant to the bureau. During an interreg-
num he acted as chief of the bureau.
He was lately, for three years, surgeon of the navy-
yard at Boston.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
305
REAR-ADMIRAL THOMAS PATTISON, U.S.N.
(retired).
Rear-Admiral Thomas Pattison was born in New
York in 1822; appointed midshipman March, [839;
served in the Pacific Squadn in fn >m 1 839 to 1 842 ; attached
to the receiving-ship " Ohio" in 1843, and at the Naval
School, Philadelphia, from 1844 to 1845; promoted to
passed midshipman July 2, 1845. From 1846 until 1848,
during the Mexican War, served on board the following
ships as passed midshipman and sailing-master : The
steamer" Princeton," " Raritan" and " Cumberland" frig-
ates, the ordnance-ship " Electra," steamer " Scorpion,"
and gun-boat " Reefer." Coast Survey in 1850 and 185 1 ;
sailing-master of the sloop " Portsmouth," in the Pacific,
from 1851 to 1855. Promoted to master in 1854. Com-
missioned a lieutenant September 12, 1854; served on
board the " Ohio," receiving-ship at Boston, in 1855 and
1856 ; navy-yard, Boston, in 1857 ; steam-frigate " Missis-
sippi," East India Squadron, 1857 to i860; Naval Station,
Sackett's Harbor, Lake Ontario, from i860 to 186 1. At
the breaking out of the war, ordered executive-officer of
the " Perry;" in June, 1861, the " Perry" had an engage-
ment off Charleston with the rebel privateer "Savannah,"
and captured her after an engagement of forty minutes ;
commanded the steamer " Philadelphia," the heaviest
armed vessel in the Potomac flotilla, in 1861 ; had several
engagements with the Acquia Creek and Potomac River
batteries ; the ship injured in the last fight with the
Potomac batteries. Commissioned as lieutenant-com-
mander July 16, 1861 ; commanded steamer " Sumter,"
South Atlantic Blockading Squadron, in 1862. In 1863
ordered to Admiral Porter's Fleet on the Mississippi
River ; commanded the " Dolson" in 1863 ; ordered same
year as commandant of Naval Station at Memphis, Ten-
nessee, and served until 1865. Commissioned as com-
mander March 3, 1865 ; commanded steamer " Muscota,"
Atlantic Squadron, during 1866 and 1867; navy-yard,
Norfolk, in 1867 to 1870. Commissioned as captain
|uly 3, 1870; commanded steam-frigate "Richmond"
during the years of 1872 and 1873, serving in the North
Atlantic Squadron and in the Pacific Squadron ; also
commanded the steamer " Saranac," of the Pacific Squad-
ron, in 1874; commanded the receiving-ship " Indepen-
dence," at Mare Island, California, in 1874101877. Com-
missioned a commodore December 11, 1877, and ordered
to command the Naval Station at Port Royal, South
Carolina, 1878 to 1880; July 1, 1880, ordered to com-
mand navy-yard, Washington, and continued in command
until July I, 1883.
Promoted to rear-admiral November 1, 1883, and
placed on the retired list February 8, 1884, having
reached the prescribed age for retirement.
39
3o6
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
COLONEL AND BREVET BRIGADIER-GENERAL
GABRIEL R. PAUL. U.S.A. (deceased).
Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-General Gabriel
R. Paul was born in Missouri. He was promoted brevet
second lieutenant and assigned to the Seventh Infantry
upon his graduation at the Military Academy, July I,
1834, and was on duty at the frontier posts of Red Fork,
Indian Territory, 1834; Fort Gibson, Indian Territory,
1S34 to 1836; camp Nacogdoches, Indian Territory,
1836, and again at Fort Gibson, Indian Territory, 1836
to 1 8 39.
lie was promoted second lieutenant Seventh Infantry
December 4, 1 834, and first lieutenant Seventh Infantry
October 26, 1836. He participated in the Florida War
in 1839, serving against the Seminole Indians, a camp of
whom he surprised near Tampa Bay in 1S42.
He was on duty at the various garrisons in the South
from 1842 to 1845, and during the war with Mexico
(1S46 to 1848) he was engaged in the defence of Fort
Brown May 3 to 9, and participated in the battle of
Monterey September 21 to 23, 1846.
He was promoted captain Seventh Infantry April 19,
1846.
From March 9 to 29, 1847, he was engaged in the
siege of Vera Cruz, and participated in the battles of
Cerro Gordo, April 17-18, where he was wounded; Con-
treras, August 19 to 20; Churubusco, and of Molino del
Rey, September 8, 1847.
He participated in the storming of Chapultepec, Sep-
tember 13, 1847, with much distinction and bravery, and
in recognition of the services rendered he was "brevetted
major September 13, 1847, for gallant and meritorious
conduct in the battle of Chapultepec, Mexico," anil in
1S48 he was presented, by citizens of St. Louis, Missouri
with a sword for his services in Mexico.
From 184S to 1850 he was on recruiting service, and
in garrison at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and in 185 1
on duty at Jefferson Barracks, Missouri. He was on
frontier duty at Corpus Christi, Texas, 1851-52, and
accompanied the expedition on the Rio Grande, Texas,
1852, in which he captured Caravajol and his gang of
desperadoes, April 1, 1858.
He served in garrison at different posts till 1S58, when
he accompanied the Utah Fxpedition, 185S to i860,
being engaged in the surprise and capture of a camp of
hostile Indians on Spanish Fork-, Utah, October 2,
1858. He marched with his company to New Mexico in
1S60, serving at Albuquerque and Fort Fillmore, New-
Mexico, to 1 86 1.
On April 22, 1861, he was promoted major of the
Eighth Infantry, and served during the war of the Re-
bellion, 1861 to 1865. He was appointed colonel of the
Fourth New Mexico Volunteers December 9, 1S61, and
participated in the operations in New Mexico, 1861-62,
being engaged as acting inspector-general of the De-
partment of New Mexico from July 13 to December 13,
1861, on which date he assumed command of Fort
Union, New Mexico, and of the Southern Military Dis-
trict of New Mexico, to March, 1862.
He was promoted lieutenant-colonel Eighth Infantry,
U. S. A., April 25, 1862, and participated in the Rappa-
hannock campaign (Army of the Potomac), December,
1862, to May, 1863, being engaged in the battles of
Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862, and Chanccllorsv ille,
May 2 to 4, 1863. He was appointed brigadier-general
U. S. Volunteers April 18, 1863, and participated in the
Pennsylvania campaign, Army of the Potomac June-
July, 1863, being engaged in the battle of Gettysburg,
July 1, 1863, where he was severely wounded by a rifle-
ball, which deprived him of the sight of both eyes. He
was on leave of absence from July 1, 1863, to February
16, 1865, disabled by the Gettysburg wound.
On September 13, 1864, he was promoted colonel
Fourteenth Infantry, and from February 16 to June 13,
1865, he was deputy governor of the " Soldiers' Home,"
near Washington, D. C. From June 13, 1865, to De-
cember 20, 1866, he was in charge of the Military Asy-
lum at Harrodsburg, Kentucky.
lie was retired from active service February 16, 1 865,
for disability resulting from wounds received in the line
of duty, and on February 23, 1865, he was brevetted
brigadier-general U. S. Army for gallant and meritorious
services at the battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
On September 1, 1866, he was mustered out of the vol-
unteer service.
He was the recipient, in November, 1863, of a mag-
nificent jewelled sword, the present of the Twenty-ninth
New Jersey Volunteers, as a recognition of his gallant
services, lie died May 5, 1 886.
MHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
307
REAR-ADMIRAL HIRAM PAULDING, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Rear-Admiral Hikam Paulding was born December
11, 1797, at Cortlandt, New York, on the farm which
New York gave his father, John Paulding, in recognition
of his services in the capture of Andre. In 1S11 he was
appointed midshipman, and, as he was then not fourteen
years of age, was permitted to continue his studies until
war was declared against England the next year, when he
was ordered to Lake Ontario. From here he was trans-
ferred to Lake Champlain, and when the " Ticonderoga"
was put into commission was assigned to her, and here
he was on September 11. [814 (a midshipman not seven-
teen years old doing duty as lieutenant), when McDon-
ough gave battle to the British fleet, and achieved one of
the most signal victories of the war. Paulding's courage
and intelligence received favorable mention from his com-
manding officer, and he was voted a sword by Congress.
His next service was on the frigate " Constellation," in the
war with Algiers ; and after a cruise in the Pacific of three
years, he obtained leave of absence and secured admission
to the private Military Academy of Captain Partridge at
Norwich, Vermont.
In 1822, his health failing from stud}-, he went to Bos-
ton, and under an assumed name, in the garb of a common
sailor, entered a rigging-loft that he might become famil-
iar with that work of his adopted profession. His leave
of absence ended, he was ordered to the West Indies, and
in 1824 joined the frigate " United States," and was absent
in the Pacific Ocean for nearly five years.
Returning from this long cruise, he was permitted a
short respite from sea-duty, and it was at this time he was
married to the devoted wife who, for nearly fifty years,
gave new happiness to his life, — a daughter of Jonathan
W. Kellogg, of Pdatbush, Long Island.
After a cruise in the Mediterranean, he commanded
successively the "Shark," "Levant," " Vincennes," and
"St. Lawrence," and in 1855 was appointed to command
the West India Squadron.
In returning to the United States the filibuster
Walker, he incurred the hostility of the Southern " fire-
eaters," and at their behest was relieved of his command.
This adventurer had fitted out an expedition in the United
States for the purpose of seizing Nicaragua, the intention
being to found there a slave government in sympathy
with the Southern States. Walker had already landed
when Commodore Paulding arrived at Greytown, and
the question arose whether to invade the territory of a
friendly government for its protection from desperadoes
from our shores, or assume that, as he had landed,
the United States government had no further responsi-
bility in the matter. It was not Paulding's habit to hesi-
tate between right and wrong, and Walker was seized
and returned to the United States. Commodore Paulding
was censured by Mr. Buchanan, but he was fully sus-
tained by the people of the country, who, three years
later, were called to save their own government from
destruction at the hands of those who had been friendly
to Walker.
The Congress of Nicaragua voted Commodore Pauld-
ing a large tract of land and a sword. Our government
permitted the acceptance of the sword, but the land was
declined.
In 1 86 1, Commodore Paulding was ordered upon spe-
cial duty in the Navy Department, to assist the Secretary
of the Navy in the reorganization rendered necessary by
the defection of many officers of Southern birth. At
this time his patriotism, intelligence, and energy were of
inestimable value to the country, as also when afterwards
he was transferred to command the navy-yard in New
York. While attached to the Navy Department, Com-
modore Paulding was ordered by President Lincoln to
destroy the navy-yard at Norfolk, Virginia, and bring
from there such vessels as could be removed. This
service was performed in a manner which elicited the
President's strong commendation, although its success
was much impeded by the failure of officers, because
of disloyalty, to render assistance expected of them.
Some of the vessels had been scuttled and could not be
rem o veil.
Great interest was taken by Admiral Paulding in the
construction of the " Monitor," and to his foresight was
due the fact that the " Monitor" was at Fortress Monroe
to meet the " Merrimac."
The labor and anxieties of the war, at his advanced
age, told seriously upon his health, and the Rebellion
being ended, he was glad to retire to the quiet of his
farm at Huntington, Long Island, where, on October 20,
1S78, he passed to the better life, mourned by all who
knew him.
3o8
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
MEDICAL DIRECTOR GEORGE PECK, U.S.N.
(retired).
Medical Director George Peck is a native of New
Jersey, ami graduated at the College of Physicians and
Surgeons, at New York, afterwards receiving the hono-
rary degree of A.M. from the College of New Jersey, at
Princeton; commissioned assistant-surgeon February,
1 85 i. His first duty was on board the " Cyane," in the
Gulf and the West Indies, — a most interesting cruise.
He crossed the Isthmus of Panama before the construc-
tion of the railroad ; assisted the survivors of Strain's
Darien Expedition ; went to the Pacific via the San Juan
River and Lake Nicaragua, carrying despatches to the
U. S. Minister at I .eon, and other important duty ; present
at the bombardment of San Juan del Norte. 1 le served
for a year at the Naval Rendezvous at New York ; was
then examined and promoted, and ordered to the frigate
" St. Lawrence," of the Brazil Squadron, serving in the
Paraguay Expedition during the cruise. Upon his return
he was attached to the " North Carolina," and then went
to the Brazils again in the steam-sloop "Seminole."
When that vessel was ordered home, on account of the
breaking out of the Civil War, he was commissioned
surgeon Ma)', 1861. He served in the "Seminole"
against the batteries on the Potomac, and was present
at the capture of Port Royal, Fernandina, and Norfolk.
He was then detached from that vessel, and was for some
time upon marine recruiting duty in New York. After
this he served for a year in the " Dictator," of the North
Atlantic Blockading Fleet. In September, 1865, he was
ordered to the " Vanderbilt," which vessel was the con-
voy of the " Monadnock" to San Francisco via the
Straits of Magellan. En route these vessels witnessed
the bombardment 1 if Valparaiso and Callao by the Spanish
fleet. He volunteered in aid of the wounded at Callao,
and assisted the medical officers on board the " Villa de
Madrid" of the Spanish fleet. Tendered his services,
also, to the Peruvian medical officers. In June, i866,he
was detached from the " Vanderbilt," and accompanied
Commodore John Rodgers from San Francisco across
the continent to the Atlantic coast. It was before the
railway was completed, and they were escorted a part of
the way by a squadron of U. S. cavalry.
Upon his return he was ordered to the navy-yard,
New York, but, after about a year's service there, he was
ordered to the frigate " Sabine," which took the gradu-
ated class of midshipmen from the Naval Academy on
a cruise to Europe and the Brazils. They returned in
Jul\', 1870, and he was again ordered to the New York
Navy-Yard.
Commissioned as medical inspector May, 1 871. In
May, 1872, he was ordered as fleet-surgeon of the
North Atlantic Fleet. Joined the flag-ship " Worcester"
at Key West. In February, 1874, he was ordered as a
member of the Retiring Board,
for Examination of
Officers for Promotion, at Washington. In 1877 he was
detached, and ordered as member of the Naval Medical
Examining Board.
Commissioned medical director of the grade of captain
January 7, 1S7S. He then, for nearly two years, served
on the Retiring Board, and as president of the Medical
Examining Hoard; and then as president of the Board
of Physical Examination of Officers for Promotion. On
February 29, 1880, he was detached from these duties,
and ordered to the Medical Examining Board at Phila-
delphia. In Jul}' of that year he was detached, and
ordered to the charge of the Naval Hospital at Mare
Island, California. He served there over three years,
and then came East on leave, and in December, 1883,
was ordered to duty on the Board of Inspection and
Survey. After this he was a member of a Court of
Inquiry at Washington, and then delegate from the
Medical Department of the Navy to the American
Medical Association at Washington, 1884, and at New
Orleans, Louisiana, in 1885.
Medical Director Peck was again a representative of
the Medical Department of the Navy, at Washington, in
18S7. Finally, he was ordered as member of the Ex-
amining Board, Navy Department, Washington, on No-
vember 5, 1887, and detached on Jul}- 9, iSSS, when, by
operation of law , he was transferred to the retired list of
officers of the navy.
He is a member of the American Medical Association,
American Academy of Medicine, American Public Health
Association, New York Academy of Medicine, Society
for the Relief of Widows and Orphans of Medical Men,
Military < )rder of the Loyal Legion of the United State-,
New Jersey Historical Society, and Washington Head
Quarters Association of Moorestown, New Jersey.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
309
MAJOR AND BREVET COLONEL ALEXANDER C.
M. PENNINGTON, U.S.A.
Major and Brevet Colonel Alexander C. M. Pen-
nington (Fourth Artillery) was born in New Jersey,
January 8, 1838, and graduated at the Military Academy
July 1, i860. Me was promoted brevet second lieuten-
ant Second Artillery the same day; second lieutenant
February 1, and first lieutenant May 14, 1861. He
served in garrison at Fort Monroe, Virginia, until the
commencement of the war of the Rebellion, and then
was in the defences of Washington to April 4, 1861,
being attached to a light battery of the first Artillery
(Magruder's). In the defence of Fort Pickens, Florida,
in Battery H, Second Artillery, April 19, and was en-
gaged in the bombardments of November 22-23, 1861,
and January 1, 1862.
Lieutenant Pennington was then transferred to the
Army of the Potomac, and served in the Peninsula,
Maryland, and Rappahannock campaigns, with horse
batteries, ami was engaged in the siege of Yorktown,
battle of Williamsburg, action of Mechanicsville, and bat-
tles of Gaines' Mill and Malvern Hill, Virginia; action
of Boonesborough, battle of Antietam, being with Horse
Battery A, Second Artillery (Tidball's). Assumed com-
mand of Horse Battery M, Second Artillery, Septembei
23, 1S62, and was engaged in action of Shepardstown
Ford, Maryland (attached to Pleasanton's Cavalry Bri-
gade), Martinsburg, Nolan's Lord, Philomont, Upper-
ville, Barber's Cross-roads, Corbin's Cross-roads, bat-
tles of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, Beverly
Ford, Hanover, Pennsylvania (attached to Custer's bri-
gade of cavalry), Hunterstown, Pennsylvania; battle of
Gettysburg; pursuit of the rebel army, with skirmishes at
Monterey Springs, Williamsport, Boonsborough, 1 lagers-
town, and action at Falling Waters. He commanded
Horse Batter)- M, Second Artillery, with Custer's brigade
in the Rapidan campaign, and engaged in the actions of
James City, Virginia; Brandy Station, Buckland Mills,
and Morton's Ford; in the Richmond campaign with the
same battery, attached to Wilson's Cavalry Division, and
engaged in the battle of the Wilderness ; in Sheridan's
raid to Haxall Landing:, and returning to Newcastle,
Virginia, participating in the combats of Yellow Tavern
and Meadow Bridge ; in Sheridan's raid towards Gor-
donsville, and engaged in the battle of Trevilian Station.
Lieutenant Pennington was promoted captain March
30, 1864, and was appointed colonel of the Third New
Jersey Cavalry October I, 1S64. He participated in
Sheridan's Shenandoah campaign, in command of the
First Brigade, Third Cavalry Division (Custer's), and
was engaged in all the battles, actions, and combats oi
that arm\-; and was in the Richmond campaign, and en-
gaged at the battles of Five Forks and Sailor's Creek,
and action at Appomattox Station, and present at the
capitulation of General Lee, April 9, 1865. He then
marched to Danville, Virginia, returned to Petersburg,
and thence to Washington, D. C, in May, 1865. He was
mustered out of the volunteer service July 31, 1865.
He was brevetted "lor gallant and meritorious ser-
vices," captain, June 9, [863, for Beverly Ford; major, [uly
3, [863, for Gettysburg; lieutenant-colonel, Oct. 19, 1864,
for Cedar Creek", Virginia; colonel, March 1 3, 1865, for
during the war. He was brevetted brigadier-general of
volunteers, July 1 5, 1865, for faithful and meritorious ser-
vices. Promoted major Fourth Artillery Nov. 8, 1882.
Colonel Pennington commanded during the war Light
(Horse) Battery M, Second Artillery, from Sept., [862,
to Oct., 1864, and then commanded the First Brigade,
Third Cavalry Division (Custer's), to Aug. 1, 1865.
At the close of the war, in tile fall of 1865, Colonel
Pennington was ordered with Light Battery M, Second
Artillery, to California, where he remained until 1872,
ami then his regiment was transferred to the Atlantic
coast, where he occupied various stations until [877,
when he participated in suppressing the riots of that
year, being in garrison at the Pittsburg Arsenal until
October, 1877, when he was ordered to Fort McHenry,
Maryland, remaining there until 1881. He was trans-
ferred to Light Battery A, Second Artillery, March iX,
1879, and was in garrison at Washington Barracks until
November, 1882. He marched with his battery to York-
town, Virginia, and returned in November, I 88 I ; also to
Antietam and Gettysburg in 1882. He was in garrison
at Fort Trumbull, Connecticut, from 1882 until Septem-
bei- 1, 1885, when he was detailed for duty at U. S.
Artillery School, Fort Monroe, Virginia, from September
1, 1885, to June 1, 1892, as director departments of
artillery, chemistry, and explosives, callistics, artillery
practical exercises, instructor of photography, etc. In-
spector of Artillery Department of East since June 2,1891.
;io
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
REAR-ADMIRAL A. M. PENNOCK, U.S.N, (deceased).
This excellent officer was best known to the navy
during the war of the Rebellion for his work at Cairo, at
the junction of the Ohio and the Mississippi. This com-
mand required a man ot courage, of firm will, and, above
all, of incessant industry, activity, and vigilance. These
win- found combined in the subject of this sketch.
Alexander M. Pennock was bom in Norfolk, Virginia,
and was appointed a midshipman from Tennessee April
1, [828. The custom of appointing lads from the older
States as midshipmen from Western States was quite
common at that time. Pennock's first cruise was in the
frigate " Guerriere" in the Pacific, and he then sailed in
the sloop-of-war "Natchez," of the Brazil Squadron.
Passing in June, 1834, he served successively in the frigate
" Potomac," in the Mediterranean, and the frigate " Co-
lumbia," in the East Indies. Promoted lieutenant in
March, 1839. Served in 1843—46 in the "Decatur,"
coast of Brazil ; then at the Norfolk Navy- Yard ; in the
store-ship " Supply," and was first lieutenant of the sloop
" Marion," of the Mist India Squadron. For many
months the " Marion" was the only American man-of-
war in China, and much devolved upon her. Her " smart-
ness" and general fine condition reflected the greatest
credit upon her executive-officer, who, often for months
.it a time, did not leave the ship.
The " Marion," when lying in the Typa, near Macao,
had the experience of having a small frigate to blow up
close to her. The ships were moored, and just cleverly
swung clear. The scene was appalling, and the destruc-
tion of the Portuguese complete. A rain of debris fol-
lowed, and a pall of smoke drifted over the " Marion."
In the midst of it Lieutenant Pennock (who was in tem-
poral')' command) called to quarters, the decks and bunts
of sails were set down, and boats lowered to rescue sur-
vivors. These were few. Nine living men were picked
up, but six of them died soon after being brought on
board the " Marion." He received the thanks of the
Portuguese government, but was more pleased with the
conduct, in a sudden emergency, of the ship's company
he had drilled. During this cruise he had an illness
which resulted in the loss of sight of one eye.
He was light-house inspector during the years 1853—
56. Commissioned commander in December, 1855, and
was on special duty in connection with the steam-frigate
"Niagara" in 1857. He was in command of the steamer
"Southern Star" in the Paraguay Expedition, 1859-60,
ami was light-house inspector for the second time, when
in 1862 he was ordered to duty as fleet-captain of the
Mississippi Squadron, where he remained for two years,
gaining, as we have said, a reputation for executive ability
of the highest order. He was commissioned as captain
January 2, 1863.
In 1866-67 he was captain of the yard at New York.
During Admiral Farragut's cruise in luiropean waters,
in 1868, he was selected to command his flag-ship, the
" Franklin." He was commissioned commodore in May
of that year, ami he had command of the European
Squadron in 1869-70.
From 1871 to 1873 he was in command of the navy-
yard at Portsmouth, New Hampshire.
He received his commission as rear-admiral in 187J,
and commanded the Pacific Squadron from 187310 1875.
He was upon special duty when he died, in 1876.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
3"
COLONEL AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL GALUSHA
PENNYPACKER, U.S.A. (retired).*
Colonel and Brevet Major-Genekal Galusha Pen-
nyi'Acker is a native of Pennsylvania, belonging to one of
its oldest families, whose names are written in the annals
of the State and nation. The appointment to West Point
from the Sixth Congressional Distriet having been ten-
dered him, he would, but for the war, have probably
entered the Military Academy in 1 86 1 or 1862.
General Pennypacker entered the service in April, 1861.
Declining, on account of his youth, the appointment of
first lieutenant in his company, A, of the Ninth Regiment
Pennsylvania Volunteers, he was made a non-commis-
sioned staff-officer of that regiment, and served with it,
during its three months of service, in Major-General
Patterson's column, in the Shenandoah Valley, Virginia.
He entered " for the war" as captain of Company A,
Ninety-seventh Pennsylvania Volunteers, August 22,
1861, and was promoted major October 7 following.
The Ninety-seventh Regiment joined the Tenth Corps
in the Department of the South, and during the years
1862 and 1863 participated in all the various movements,
engagements, and sieges, in which that corps took part,
on the coasts of South Carolina (Forts Wagner and
Gregg, James Island and siege of Charleston), Georgia
(capture of Fort Pulaski), and Florida (taking of Fernan-
dina and Jacksonville).
General Pennypacker commanded his regiment and
the post of Fernandina, Florida, in April, 1864, when the
regiment was ordered with the Tenth Corps to Virginia,
and became part of the Army of the James. Promoted
to lieutenant-colonel April 3, 1864, and to colonel June
23 following.
In action in command of his regiment at Swift Creek,
May 9; Drury's Bluff, May 16; anil Chester Station,
May 18. On May 20 he led his regiment in an assault
upon the enemy's lines at Green Plains, Bermuda Hun-
dred, receiving three severe wounds, losing one hundred
and seventy-five men killed and wounded out of two
hundred and ninety-five taken into the charge.
Returned to duty in August, and in action at Deep
Bottom on the 16th, and Wierbottom Church on the 25th
of same month. In the trenches before Petersburg in
August and September.
Assigned to command the Second Brigade, Second
Division, Tenth Corps, in September, and on the 29th led
his brigade in the successful assault upon Fort Harrison,
where he was again wounded, and his horse shot under him.
Inaction October 7 at Chaffin's Farm, and on the 29th
at Darbytown Road. With the first Fort Fisher Expe-
dition under General Butler, December 1 to 31.
General Pennypacker's brigade (composed of New
* Condensed from a sketch by Colonel Isaiah Price, U. S. Volunteers,
in the United Service magazine for January, 1S92.
York and Pennsylvania regiments) formed a portion of
the expeditionary corps which, under command of Major-
General Terr\% made the successful (and perhaps most
brilliant of the war) assault upon Fort Fisher, North
Carolina, January 15, 1865.
For his distinguished personal gallantry in this assault,
when he was most severely (and it was thought for a
time mortally) wounded, and "for gallant and meritorious
services during the war," Pennypacker received six brevets
or promotions as follows : Brevet brigadier-general U. S.
Volunteers, January 15, 1865; brigadier-general U.S. Vol-
unteers, February 18, 1865; brevet major-general U.S.
Volunteers, March 13, 1865 ; colonel Thirty-fourth (des-
ignation changed to Sixteenth) Infantry, U.S.A., July 28,
1866 ; brevet brigadier-general U.S.A., March 2, 1867, and
brevet major-general U.S.A., March 2, 1867.
The Congressional medal of honor was awarded Gen-
eral Pennypacker for "bravery at the battle of Fort
Fisher." He was one of the youngest (if not the young-
est) general officers of the war, and was the youngest man
in the history of the regular arm)' to be commissioned
a colonel and brevet major-general. His commanding
general emphasized to the writer of this sketch the dec-
laration that Pennypacker and not himself was the real
hero of Fort Fisher, and that his " great gallantry was
only equalled by his modesty."
Since the war (with the exception of two years on
leave in Europe), General Pennypacker has served in the
Southern, Southwestern, and Western States, performing
the duties incident to a regimental and post commander.
He was temporarily in command of the District of Mis-
sissippi in 1867, the Fourth Military District in 1868, the
Department of Mississippi in 1870. the United States
troops in New Orleans in 1874, and the Department of
the South in 1876.
Placed on the retired list of the army in 1883, on ac-
count of wounds, he has since resided in Philadelphia.
3'-
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
MEDICAL INSPECTOR THOMAS N. PENROSE, U.S.N.
Medical Inspector Thomas N. Penrose was born in
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. His preliminary education
was received at the Protestant Episcopal Academy and
other schools in Philadelphia, and he was graduated in
the Medical Department of the University of Pennsylva-
nia, in the Class of 1858. He has received also (in course)
the degree of Doctor of Philosophy from the same uni-
versity.
He entered the U. S. Navy, November 11, 1X61, as
assistant surgeon, and soon thereafter was ordered to the
United States Navy- Yard at Washington, D. C. Early
in 1862 he was ordered to the U. S. S. " Harriet Lane,"
then preparing for sea, and which afterwards success-
fully ran the batteries in the Potomac to become the
flag-ship of the mortar flotilla, commanded by then Com-
mander, afterwards Admiral, D. D. Porter, attached to
Flag-Officer D. G. Farragut's fleet. He was present at
the attack and surrender of Forts Jackson and St. Philip,
commanding the approach to New Orleans. He was
present and took part in the attack on Vicksburg, June
28, 1862, made by the fleet under command of Flag-
Officer, afterwards Admiral, David G. Farragut. In the
autumn of 1862 he was present at the attack and capture
of Galveston, Texas, and on January 1, 1S63, was made
prisoner-of-war in that desperate engagement which re-
sulted in the capture of the " Harriet Lane." On this
occasion the " Harriet Lane" engaged the enemy's ves-
sels, " Bayou City" and " Neptune," in the harbor of
Galveston, Texas, sinking the " Neptune," but was finally
captured by "boarding," by the " Bayou City," at the
third attempt made by that vessel.
After his release he was attached to the U. S. S.
" Massachusetts" for several months before the close of
the war. After the war, having been promoted to passed
assistant surgeon, he was ordered to the China Station,
serving on board of the U. S. flag-ship " Hartford" and
U. S. S. " Wachusett."
He has made several cruises in the West Indies, being
attached on different occasions to the U. S. ships " Swa-
tara," " Marion," and " Ticonderoga," and has cruised in
European waters attached to the LT. S. S. "Marion."
He was promoted to surgeon in May, 1871, and to
medical inspector January, 1889.
His last cruise was in the U. S. S. " Richmond," flag-
ship of the South Atlantic Station. His shore duty has
been at the Philadelphia Navy- Yard; Naval Hospital,
Philadelphia; navy-yard, Boston; and member of the
Naval Medical Examining Board. At present he is offi-
cer in charge of U. S. Naval Hospital at Norfolk, Va.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
3»3
CAPTAIN GEORGE HAMILTON PERKINS, U.S.N.
(retired).
Of Perkins, as a young lieutenant, — and holding a place
which many a man twenty years his senior would have
coveted, — Admiral Farragut said, " I Ie was young and
handsome, and no braver man ever trod the decks of a
ship. His work in the ' Chickasaw' did more to capture
the ' Tennessee' than all the guns of the fleet put together."
" Praise from Sir Hubert Stanley is praise indeed." Far-
ragut was not lavish of his praises, when fighting was in
question, nor did he distribute commendation lavishly
when the fight was over, — as some commanders arc wont
to do. If not another word about Perkins was to be said,
Farragut's estimate of him might stand for his epitaph.
Captain George Hamilton Perkins was born in New
Hampshire, October 20, 1836, of most worth}' parentage,
and entered the Naval Academy at Annapolis in 1851.
Here he distinguished himself, especially in gunnery.
When he graduated he first served in the " Cyane," at a
period when the disturbances on the Isthmus of Panama,
about 1856, served to show him some of the duties of a
naval officer. Passing over that remarkable time, for the
want of space, we may say that, in the same ship, he vis-
ited all the British provinces, and then made a cruise in the
West Indies, full of interest from the state of things then
existing. After this cruise, Midshipman Perkins served
in the Paraguay Expedition ; came home in the frigate
" Sabine," and was at once ordered to the steamer " Sum-
ter," as acting master, for a cruise on the West Coast of
Africa. Here he passed through the various scenes
familiar to those who have had the same experience, ami
not of great interest to those who have not. Put about
the end of that cruise came the mutterings of the Rebel-
lion. The South rushed on their suicidal course as if
truly mad, and now " a wall, as of fire, rose up between
the officers ; every mess in every ship was divided against
itself; brothers-in-arms of yesterday were enemies of to-
day ; and no one spoke of the outlook at home except in
bated breath and measured speech, from fear that the bitter
cup would overflow then and there, and water turn to
blood." God grant that no officers in our time may ever
experience the anxiety and distress of those who were
on foreign stations in 1860-61 !
The young lieutenant at last reached home, to find the
country in the throes of war, indeed ; and, after a brief
leave to recover his health, somewhat shattered by ex-
posure on the African coast, he was ordered as the exec-
utive-officer of the " Cayuga," one of the new gun-boats,
carrying a battery of an 1 i-inch gun, a 20-pounder Par-
rott, and two 24-pound howitzers. She was commanded
by Lieutenant N. B. Harrison, a stalwart, loyal Virginian,
and afterwards became the bearer of the divisional flag of
Captain Bailey, leading the fleet through the obstructions
and past the forts at the time of the well-known ascent of
40
Farragut's fleet towards New Orleans. Such confidence
had Harrison acquired in Perkins that he gave in his
charge the piloting of the vessel past the forts. lie
noticed that St. Philip's guns were all aimed at mid-stream,
and so coolly steered right under the walls of the fort, —
suffering much in masts and rigging, but little in the hull.
Once past the last battery, the officers looked back to
find themselves alone and in the presence of the enemy's
gun-boats and the ram " Manassas." They sustained an
unequal combat until the rest of the division arrived. This
was carried on muzzeto muzzle for a few moments. When
relieved from this entanglement the " Cayuga" pressed
on, and at daylight captured the Chalmette regiment,
encamped close to the river-bank.
On arriving before New Orleans, Bailey and Perkins
went on shore to demand the surrender and the hoisting
of the flag. How they escaped the fiendish mob which
surrounded them on their way to the mayor's office is a
wonder. The story has been told man)- times, and by none
better than by George W. Cable, the well-known author.
After many exciting scenes on board the " Cayuga" and
the " New London," Perkins at last found himself in com-
mand of the " Scioto," and was about to be relieved after
arduous service in that vessel, when the preparations for
the capture of Mobile induced him to apply for any duty
connected with the enterprise. Farragut knew his man,
and appointed Perkins to the command of the " Chicka-
saw," a double-turretted monitor, — a command much
above his rank. Not really completed, and with a green
crew, the " Chickasaw" gave ample opportunity for energy,
and, although short time for preparation was allowed, he
managed to join Farragut off Mobile bar on August 1,
and on the 5th the battle was fought, with imperishable
fame for the subject of this sketch, then not twenty-eight
years of age.
Captain Perkins voluntarily retired in 1S91.
3>4
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
LIEUTENANT-COMMANDER S. LEDYARD PHELPS.
U.S.N.
Lieutenant-Commander S. Ledyard Phelps was one
of the " date of 1841," which was so large that it blocked
the appointment of midshipmen for several years ; but, in
time, it produced some of the most creditable and valu-
able officers the service has ever had. He was appointed
midshipman on October 19, 1S41; became passed mid-
shipman August 10, 1847; master June 30, 1855, and
lieutenant September, I S 5 5 . He became a lieutenant-
commander in 1 862, when that grade was established, and
resigned his commission October 29, 1864, — after per-
forming arduous and valuable services during the war of
the Rebellion.
Up to that time his service had not differed materially
from that of most officers of his grade; but, during the
long period for which he served on the Western waters,
he had an opportunity of showing his ability in many
ways.
When first ordered to Admiral Foote's squadron he
w.is put in command of the " Conestoga," a wooden
gun-boat of the river type, with three heavy guns, which
vessel rendered a good account of herself at Foote's first
fight at Fort Henry, when the navy took the extensive
earthworks before the army, delayed by swamps, could
get up.
Lieutenant Phelps made some celebrated reconnois-
sances up the rivers Tennessee and Cumberland, — doing
away with the idea that gun-boats would find great ob-
stacles from the operations of the enemy. He afterwards
commanded the " Benton" at the battle in front of Fort
Pillow, on the Mississippi, when a shot from that vessel
exploded the boiler of one of the leading vessels of the
rebel naval force. This was really the first purely naval
battle of the war; the two squadrons being fairly pitted
against each other. Put the unwieldy LInion iron-clads
were so slow that they could barely maintain themselves
against the rapid current, and therefore, with the chance
of drifting under the enemy's batteries, could not possess
themselves of the disabled rebel steamers.
The " Benton" became the flag-ship of Rear- Admiral
C. H. Davis, and bore a great part in the naval fight at
Memphis, which resulted in a decisive victory, — almost
breaking up the Confederate naval force on the great river.
Lieutenant-Commander Phelps afterwards performed
most valuable service in the Tennessee River. Hiscom-
mand extended from Fort Henry as far up stream as the
vessels under his command could go. He chose com-
mand of this district to enable him to attend to the
reconstruction of the " Eastport," a vessel captured by
him in the Tennessee River after the fall of Fort Henry.
At the time of the capture, the Confederates were con-
verting her into an iron-clad ram. She afterwards did
good service on the Union side.
Lieutenant-Commander Phelps was very active in
breaking up the depots whence the rebel conscription
officers harried the region of the river Tennessee, and he
was most vigilant and useful in assisting the army on
many occasions, — in one of which the troops, through his
energetic assistance, were enabled to cross the river in
good form and push on to Florence, Alabama, where they
destroyed about two million dollars' worth of Confederate
stores, and captured a number ol prisoners.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
3« 5
REAR-ADMIRAL THOMAS STOWELL PHELPS. U.S.N.
Rear-Admiral Thomas Stowell Phelps was horn
in Maine in 1822. He is a descendant of General Israel
Putnam, and of Colonel Thomas Nixon, of the Revo-
lutionary Army.
He was appointed midshipman from his native State
in 1 S40, and served in the Mediterranean and on the
Brazil Station until 1846, when he went to the Naval
School, and became passed midshipman. He was then
ordered to the " Boston," which ship was wrecked on
the island of Eleuthera, West Indies, in November, 1846.
He was then ordered to the steamer " Polk," but that
vessel, being unseaworthy, returned, and Midshipman
Phelps was ordered to the Coast Survey, where he served
until 1849. In that year he went to the Mediterranean
in the razee " Independence," and served in her and in
the "Constitution" until 185 1. Uponhis return home he
was again upon the Coast Survey; ordered to the sloop
"Decatur," Pacific Squadron, in December, 1853. In
this ship he served in the Indian war in Washington
Territory, and was present at the battle of Seattle ; was
promoted master during this cruise, and lieutenant in
September, 1855. In January, 1856, Lieutenant Phelps
was ordered to ordnance duty at Norfolk, from whence
he went upon the Paraguay Expedition. In 1869 he
joined the " Crusader," of the Home Squadron, and,
after a few months in her, had command of the " Vixen,"
on the Coast Survey. While in command of this vessel
he took part in the expedition for the relief of Fort
Sumter, in March, 1861. As an officer skilled in sur-
veying, and with intimate knowledge of the coast and
its inlets and rivers, he was then selected for special
service in that direction. This was done by ballot of a
board, consisting of chiefs of departments, — a high com-
pliment. From the destruction of buoys and marks for
navigation, and the erection of heavy rebel batteries
on the Potomac, the river was rendered almost impas-
sable, and the safety of the capital was in jeopard}-. A
chart and survey of the river became of the first neces-
sity. Selecting two steamers, of several placed at his
disposal, Lieutenant Phelps successfully executed this
work, although almost continually within range of the
enemy's guns, to the full satisfaction of the government.
His next service was in command of the " Corwin," on
secret service. In her he buoyed the shoals and the
entrance to Hatteras Inlet, in preparation for the expe-
dition to that region. He was often under fire in carry-
ing out this duty, and received the thanks of the
department for the manner in which it was accom-
plished.
In December, 1861, he was attached to the North At-
lantic Blockading Squadron, and was in March, 1862,
commanding a division at Yorktown and its neighbor-
hood. Destroyed five of the enemy's vessels. In May,
bv preventing destruction of White House Bridge, and
later, at the battle of West Point, and by the ascent
of the Mattapony River, he rendered the greatest assist-
ance to the army. Lieutenant-commander in 1862, he
was ordered to make another complete survey of the
j Potomac, which he did, though continually opposed
by the enemy with artillery and infantry fire. He con-
, tinned to serve in the " Corwin," making surveys, in
anticipation of naval and military movements. He com-
manded the iron-clad " Saugus" for a short time, and
was then transferred to the command of the sloop
"Juniata," in which vessel he served at Fort Fisher.
Promoted to commander in August, 1865, he was
ordered to command the " Lenapee," in the North At-
lantic Squadron; and in April, 1867, he was sent to
California, where he served in various capacities. Then
he commanded the flag-ship" Saranac" until June, 1883,
when, then holding the rank of commodore and the
command of the navy-yard at Mare Island, he was de-
tached, and ordered to command the Brazil Squadron,
with his flag, as acting rear-admiral, on the " Brooklyn."
He was promoted to rear-admiral March 1, 1874. There
is no man in the naval service more beloved and re-
spected than Rear-Admiral Phelps. " Perfectly unas-
suming, and even modest, he has always shrunk from
publicity, which has prevented the knowledge — outside
of the service — of his cool bravery, his devotion to
duty, his seam. in-like qualities, and his justice in the
execution of authority." In the navy these attributes
are well understood.
316
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN JOHN W. PHILIP, U.S.N.
Captain Joiix W. Philip was born in New York Au-
gust 26, 1840, and appointed to the Naval School from
that State in September, 1856. Midshipman January 1,
[861, and attached to the frigates "Constitution" and
" Santee." Promoted acting master June 1, 1861, and
ordered as executive-officer of the sloop-of-war "Ma-
rion," Gulf Blockading Squadron. Was attached to the
" Sonoma," James River Fleet, and commissioned lieu-
tenant mi Jul_\- 16, 1862. Was executive-officer of the
" Chippewa," " Pawnee," and monitor " Montauk," of the
South Atlantic Blockading Squadron, from September,
[862, to January, 1S65. In the " Pawnee" was engaged
with the rebel batteries in the Stono River,and wounded
in the leg. In the " Montauk" in the various actions
during the siege of Charleston. Executive-officer of the
" Wachusett," Asiatic Squadron, from January, 1865, to
September, 1X67. Commissioned lieutenant-commander
in July, [866. Executive-officer of flag-ship " Hartford,"
Asiatic Station, September, 1867, to August, 1868. De-
cember, 1 868, ordered as executive of the "Richmond,"
European Station. Detached November, 1871. Septem-
ber, 1872, ordered executive of the " Hartford;" detached,
and ordered to command the " Monocacy," on the Sta-
tion, June, 1 ^~l- Was detached from the latter vessel Jan-
uary 8, 1874, and granted leave of absence by the Navy
Department for the purpose of taking command of one
of the steamers of the Pacific Mail Company, plying
between San Francisco and Hong-Kong, China. He
commanded the " China," and then the " City of New
York." The trip of the latter vessel is one of record,
for she made the passage from New York to San Fran-
cisco without stopping for coal or repairs. He was com-
missioned commander December 18, 1874. His leave
from the department was revoked in July, 1876, and he
was then ordered to command the " Adams." Detached
from the "Adams" in April, 1877, and granted leave to
command the " Woodruff Scientific Expedition around
the World." In December, 1877, he was ordered to the
command of the " Tuscarora," engaged in surveying the
west coast of Mexico and Central America ; was trans-
ferred from the " Tuscarora" to the " Ranger" in August,
1880, and detached from the command of the latter vessel
in October, 1883. Commander Philip was light-house
inspector of the Twelfth District from April, 1SS4, to
April, 1887, and in command of the U. S. receiving-ship
" Independence," at the Mare Island Navy- Yard, from
May, 1887, to May, 1890. He was commissioned captain
March 31, 1889.
From May, 1890, to December, 1890, Captain Philip
was a member of the Board of Inspection at San Fran-
cisco, and was then ordered to command the " Atlanta,"
of the Squadron of Evolution. He was detached by
order of the Secretary of the Navy in December, 1891,
and detailed to superintend the fitting out of the armored
cruiser " New York," with the intention of commanding
1 her when she is ready for sea.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
3'7
MAJOR DE WITT C. POOLE, U.S.A.
Major De Witt C. Poole (Pay Department) was born
in New York September 28, 1828. He entered the vol-
unteer service as first lieutenant of the First Wisconsin
Infantry May 16, 1861, and participated in the campaign
of the Upper Potomac River in that year, and was hon-
orably mustered out October 21, 1861. He re-entered
the volunteer service as lieutenant-colonel of the Twelfth
Wisconsin Infantry October 31, 1861, and served with his
regiment in the campaign of Southwestern Missouri in
the winter of 1862; participated in the expedition sent to
reinforce the army in New Mexico, from Fort Riley,
Kansas; joined the expedition into Central Mississippi
in the winter of 1 863, and was in advance on the Talla-
hatchie River, Mississippi. He then returned to Mem-
phis, and was ordered to Vicksburg, in 1863. He was
engaged in the action at Falling Waters, Virginia, in
1 86 1 ; engagement on the Cold water and at Hernando,
Mississippi, May, 1863; and was at the siege and cap-
ture of Vicksburg, Mississippi, June and Jul)-, 1863.
Major Poole resigned his volunteer commission July ,
3, 1863, and was appointed lieutenant-colonel of the
Veteran Reserve Corps November 15, 1863, and was
ordered to duty at Washington, D. C, June, 1864, sub-
sequently joining his regiment at White House Landing,
Virginia. In Jul}-, 1864, he was ordered to Washington,
as acting provost-marshal of the District of Columbia.
He performed duty in charge of the provost-marshal's
office at Utica, New York ; then at Baltimore, Maryland;
at Scranton, Pennsylvania; and then with the chief mus-
tering officer of the State of Wisconsin, 1864-65. In
December, 1865, he was detailed as commissioner of the
Freedmen's Bureau, at Atlanta, Georgia, from which
post he resigned his commission in the Veteran Reserve
Corps.
Major Poole was appointed to the regular service as
captain of the Twenty-fifth Infantry January 22, 1867,
and joined his regiment at Memphis, Tennessee. He
was then placed on reconstruction duty with his com-
pany in Western Tennessee, and afterwards in Georgia,
in 1867-68. He was unassigned April 26, 1869, and
performed the duties of Indian agent for the Sioux In-
dians in Dakota, from J Line, 1869, to December, 1870,
having been assigned to the Twenty-second Infantry the
previous October.
Captain Poole participated with his company in expe-
ditions to the Yellowstone country in 1871-73; then
employed in suppressing riots at New Orleans in
1874-75. He took part in the Big Horn and Yel-
lowstone expeditions of 1876-77 against Sitting Bull,
and was engaged in suppressing the labor riots at Chi-
cago and Wilkesbarre, Pennsylvania, in July, 1877. He
was then on garrison duty in 1878, and transferred to
Texas, where he served during 1879-S0. Then he was
detailed for two years on recruiting service at New York.
He was appointed major and paymaster July 5, 1882,
and has served at different stations throughout the
country, his present station (1891-92) being at Cincin-
nati, Ohio.
Major Poole performed the duties of adjutant of the
First Wisconsin Infantry from June 24, 1861, to Au-
gust 21, 1 86 1.
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
ADMIRAL DAVID D. PORTER, U.S.N, (deceased).
Admiral David D. Porter was born in Chester,
Pennsylvania, and, as a mere lad, accompanied his father,
Captain David Porter, United States Navy, on a cruise
in the West Indies for the suppression of piracy. This
was in 1X24. In 1S20 his father was given command of
the Mexican Navy, and his sun accompanied him, being
appointed midshipman in that service, and sent to the
City of Mexico to learn the Spanish language. He saw
service in cruising against Spanish commerce, and also
in operations against Spanish men-of-war, and was finally
a prisoner of war in Havana. In February, 1829, young
Porter was appointed midshipman in the United States
Navy, and, after serving in the Mediterranean, in the
frigates "Constellation" and "United States," and the
ship-of-the line " Delaware," was made passed midship-
man in 1835; lieutenant in 1841. In tjic Mediterranean;
the Naval Observatory; and commissioner to San Do-
mingo. In the Mexican War served in "Spitfire;"
bombardment ol Vera Cruz; Lieutenant Porter buoyed
out the passage to the flanking forts, anil acted as pilot
lor the flotilla, when a heavy action took place, until
withdrawn by Commodore Perry's order. As first lieu-
tenant ol "Spitfire" took- an active part in the capture of
Tuspan and that of Tabasco. Lieutenant Porter, after
the obstructions were forced, landed and captured Port
Iturbide. Soon after, Lieutenant Porter received com-
mand of the " Spitfire," and was in several other engage-
ments, lie was, after the Mexican War, much in com-
mand ol mail steamers, and some supply duty. fust
before the surrender of Fort Sumter, President Lincoln
sent him to see if fort Pickens could be saved. The
history of this operation is too long to be given here.
Captain Meigs, of the army, accompanied the expedition,
and, in twenty-four hours after arrival, the fort was ren-
dered secure against any attack from General Iha — •'-
army, then at Pensacola. The first hostile guns fired by
the navy, during the Civil War, were from the II-inch
gun of the " Powhatan," by Lieutenant Porter. He next
blockaded the mouths of the Mississippi, until he acci-
dentally learned of the escape of the "Sumter." He
then pursued her for a long time, but she succeeded in
eluding him, over a wide extent of sea.
Lieutenant Porter was made commander April, 1861,
and was at once put in charge of the organization of a
mortar flotilla for the purpose of regaining control of the
Mississippi, and was consulted on the organization of the
fleet for that purpose. He commanded the Mortar Flo-
tilla, ami to him the Forts Jackson and St. Philip sur-
rendered, after the passage of Farragut's fleet. After
the capture of New Orleans, Admiral Farragut ordered
the Mortar Flotilla to Vicksburg, and, under their fire,
passed the celebrated batteries. In October, 1862, Com-
mander Porter took command of the Mississippi River
Squadron, as acting rear-admiral. Then followed the
long history of operations (which cannot be given here)
in co-operation with General Sherman. For the capture
of " Arkansas Post" Porter received the thanks of Con-
gress. Then came Vicksburg, with Grant in command.
The story of the fights there is a matter of history.
After Vicksburg, Porter again received the thanks of
Congress. The Red River expedition was one of the
most curious and picturesque incidents of the great war,
and must be read at length by those who are not familiar
with it. Lieutenant-Colonel Bailey, by his great engi-
neering ability, rescued Porter's fleet from certain destruc-
tion, anil saved to the government an immense sum.
Porter was next ordered to the command of the North
Atlantic Fleet in September, 1864. A powerful force was
collected at Hampton Roads. After much delay, from
various causes, the fleet sailed for Fort Fisher. It would
be impossible, in this space, even to touch upon the
events which followed ; an account of them is to be found
everywhere. After the tall of Wilmington, Admiral
Porter was next at the operations in James River, and
accompanied President Lincoln when he entered Rich-
mond. Porter's guns, fired at Richmond, April 2, 1865,
were about the last fired by the navy during the war, as
his was the first gun of the war at Pensacola.
lie was superintendent of the Naval Academy from
September, 1865, to December, 1869. Commissioned
vice-admiral Jul)', 1866. In th.it year he was sent to
San Domingo, with a large sum in hand, to purchase a
lease of Samana Bay and the adjacent peninsula; but,
finding the Dominican government hard to deal with,
gave up the project and returned to the United States.
He was upon special duty in the Navy Department in
1869-70. Was commissioned admiral August 15, 1870;
and was upon special duty, at Washington, from 1870
until his death, in that city, on February 13, [891.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
3i9
COLONEL AND BREVET BRIGADIER-GENERAL FITZ-
JOHN PORTER, U.S.A. (retired).
Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-General Fitz-John
Porter was born in New Hampshire in 1822. He grad-
uated from the Military Academy July 1, 1845, and
was promoted the same day brevet second lieutenant
Fourth Artillery ; second lieutenant June 18, 1846, and
first lieutenant May 29, 1847. He is a son of Captain
John Porter, U.S.N., and nephew of Commodore David
Porter, of " Essex" renown. He served at West Point
as an assistant in the Department of Artillery and Cav-
alry, and engaged in instructing the cadets during
encampment, and was later sent to join his regiment at
Fort Monroe. In July, 1846, he joined the army opera-
ting against Mexico at Point Isabel, Texas, and saw active
service at Saltillo in the same year. In January, 1 847,
he embarked at Brazos and accompanied General Scott's
arm)', performing more or less service during the siege of
Vera Cruz and the battles of Cerro Gordo, Contreras,
Molino del Rey, and the siege of Chapultepec and the
capture of Mexico. At Contreras, Porter's company re-
captured two guns belonging to his regiment which had
been taken at Buena Vista. General Scott then mounted
the company. At the last action during the war. — the
sanguinary fight at the capture of the Garita ofBelen, —
Porter was wounded, while the other two officers of his
company were killed, and twenty-seven out of thirty
nun-commissioned officers and privates were killed or
wounded. In 1849 he was assigned to duty at the Mili-
tary Academy, where he remained until 1855. Here he-
occupied the positions successively of assistant instructor
of natural ami experimental philosophy, assistant instruc-
tor of artillery, adjutant of the Military Academy, ami,
finally, instructor of artillery and cavalry. He served dur-
ing the Kansas troubles. In 1857, while on duty at the
head-quarters of the army in New York City, Porter was
assigned to duty on the staff of General Albert Sidney
Johnston, and accompanied that officer to LUah, enduring
with him the hardships and annoyances of that campaign
in the Rocky Mountains, and of two years' residence
among the resentful and murderous Mormons.
In the autumn of 1863 Porter was assigned to duty
at the head-quarters of the army in New York City as
assistant inspector-general, in which capacity in No-
vember he inspected, by order of the War Department,
the defences in Charleston harbor, and recommended
that the)' should be strengthened and supplied with addi-
tional force, ammunition, and provisions. As a result of
this inspection and of Major Porter's recommendations,
Major Robert Anderson was placed in command of Fort
Moultrie, and carried out the plans recommended by
Porter ami arranged between them, to, at the proper
time, abandon Moultrie and take possession of Sumter.
The secession of the Southern States now began, and
Major Porter was sent to Texas and to reinforce the
garrison at Key West and Dry Tortugas, a task requir-
ing great judgment, patience, and tact. In April, 1861,
Porter was on duty in the Adjutant-General's Office in
Washington, when he was chosen by the Secretary
of War, Hon. Simon Cameron, and General Scott, to
superintend the protection of the railroad between Bal-
timore and Harrisburg against Baltimore rioters, and
maintain communication through Baltimore to Wash-
ington.
Major Porter was now appointed colonel of the Fif-
teenth Infantry, and shortly afterwards brigadier-general
of volunteers. He served with the Arm)- of the Potomac
(commanding the Fifth Corps), in the Peninsula, North-
ern Virginia, and Maryland campaigns, and engaged in
all the actions connected therewith. After passing
through the latter campaign, and returning with the
army to Falmouth, Virginia, he was relieved from his
command November 12, 1862, and tried at Washington,
D. C, by a general court-martial for disobedience of
orders ami general misconduct on the battle-field, —
offences said to have been committed in the Northern
Virginia campaign under General Pope the previous
August in connection with the battle of second Bull
Run, Virginia.
The court-martial convicted General Porter and sen-
tenced him to be cashiered and forever prohibited from
holding any office of profit or trust from the government.
For fifteen years General Porter languished under the
stigma of this sentence. At last he obtained a Board of
General Officers to examine the matter by order of Presi-
dent Hayes, and this board fully exonerated him from all
blame. In 1885 a bill passed by Congress authorized
the President to restore General Porter to the army, and
he was restored and retired as a colonel in the ai my, with
his original commission dated May 14, 1861.
320
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
COMMODORE WILLIAM DAVID PORTER, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Commodore William David Porter, son of Com-
modore David Porter and brother of Admiral David D.
Porter, was Lorn in New Orleans in i Soy, and died in
New York in 1864. After being educated in Phila-
delphia, he was appointed midshipman in the navy in
fanuary, 1S23. He became a lieutenant in 1833. He
performed the usual service and made the usual cruises,
but was retired by the Retiring Hoard of September,
1S55. Like many others retired by that board, he was
restored to the active list (in his case with the rank of
commander) September, 1859. When the Civil War
broke out he was in command of the sloop-of-war " St.
Mary's," in the Pacific. He was ordered home, and then
to the Mississippi, to assist in fitting out the gun-boat
flotilla for service in those waters. He afterwards com-
manded one of them, named " Essex" after his father's
ship, in which he fought the famous battle with the
" Phcebe" and the " Cherub," in which Farragut served
as junior midshipman. In the attack upon Fort Henry
a shot went through one of the boilers of the " Essex,"
wounding and scalding twenty-eight officers and men
and the commanding officer. He recovered sufficiently
to command his vessel at Fort Donelson, February, 1862.
In his favorite " Essex" he ran past the batteries on
the Mississippi River, to join the fleet at Vicksburg. He
had an engagement with the Confederate iron-clad ram
" Arkansas," above Baton Rouge, on July 15, 1862, in
which the " Essex" soon destroyed her. At least she
was set on fire and blew up ; whether this was done by
the " Essex's" shells, or by the officers of the " Arkansas"
to escape capture, can never be known. At any rate, the
Union forces were rid of one of their most formidable
enemies. It was ,1 great relief to Farragut, for the
" Arkansas" had been a regular bete noire. After her
destruction he could go to the Gulf and arrange for
blockading off Galveston.
The captain of the " Essex" was made commodore in
July, 1862. In September, 1862, in an account of an
engagement off Port Hudson, Louisiana, he repented
that the " Essex," since the 6th of the previous July, had,
in her different encounters with the enemy, been struck
by heavy shot, perceptibly, one hundred and twenty-
eight times, " glancing shot having left no record."
"Three have broken the iron, and but one through, and
that at a distance of a (cw feet from the battery delivering
it." The " Essex" had been much improved since her
first experiences at Forts Henry and Donelson.
Although a man of robust physique, Commodore
Porter's health failed from his constant service in a
malarious climate, and the effects of his scalds from
steam. After the bombardment of Natchez and the Port
Hudson batteries, he was obliged to come East an
invalid, and never served again. The year of his death
is mentioned above.
Commodore W. D. Porter had two sons in the Con-
federate service, — as happened often during the Civil
War, — father arrayed against son, and brother against
brother.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
321
CAPTAIN EDWARD E. POTTER, U.S.N.
Captain Edward E. Potter was born in New York,
and was appointed a midshipman from the State of
Illinois on February 5, 1850; first served on board the
sloop-of-war "Decatur," of the Hume Squadron, and
then made a cruise on the coast of Africa, in the frigate
" Constitution." Upon his return from this cruise, 1856,
he was ordered to the Naval Academy, and was pro-
moted to the rank of passed midshipman in June of that
year ; made a cruise on the coast of Brazil in the frigate
"St. Lawrence/' in the years 1857 to 1859, having been
commissioned as a lieutenant in July, 1 S 5 S , during his
service in the " St. Lawrence."
In May, i860, he was ordered to the steam-frigate
" Niagara," which vessel had the mission of conveying
home the first Japanese embassy, an interesting episode
in our relations with that country, which was opened to
the world by the American navy.
When the " Niagara" reached home in April, [861, it
was to find the war of the Rebellion fairly begun.
Lieutenant Potter was detached from the " Niagara,"
and ordered to the " Wissahickon," one of the new
" ninety-day" gun-boats, so called from the very short
time in which they were built. They were schooner-
rigged screw vessels, of about five hundred tons, and
carrying four guns. They were efficient vessels. In the
" Wissahickon" Lieutenant Potter was present at the
capture of the forts below New Orleans, and of that city.
He became a lieutenant-commander in July, [862, and
afterwards served in the steam-sloop " Lackawanna," the
steam-frigate " Wabash," and other war duty. In 1S67-
68 he was executive-officer of the steam-frigate " Frank-
lin," the flag-ship of Admiral Farragut during his Euro-
pean cruise. Made commander in June, 1869, and was
stationed at the navy-yard, Boston. During his next
cruise in command of the " Shawmut" he ascended
the river Orinoco to Ciudad Bolivar, and recovered from
revolutionists there two steamers belonging to an Ameri-
can company. The " Shawmut" was the second Ameri-
can man-of-war to visit Ciudad Bolivar.
In 1880 Commander Potter commanded the U. S.
ship " Constellation," which conveyed supplies to Ire-
land for the sufferers by famine in that island.
He was promoted captain in the navy on the nth of
July of that year. During the years 1881-83, ne was
attached to the Brooklyn Navy- Yard, and in November,
1 8 S 3 , went to the European Squadron as captain of the
"Lancaster." There he remained until 1885, when the
ship was sent to the Brazil Station. Captain Potter was
in command of the station from December, 1885, until
September, 1886, when he was detached and ordered
home.
In December, 1886, he was ordered to the command
of the League Island Navy-Yard, but was soon after
transferred to the Naval Asylum at Philadelphia, as
governor of that institution. Then he was ordered to the
command of the U. S. S. " Minnesota," training-ship
at New York, his present station.
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
GENERAL JOSEPH HAYDN POTTER, U.S.A.
(retired).
Genera r. Joseph Haydn Potter was born at Concord,
New Hampshire, October 12, 1822. He graduated at
West Point Military Academy, July 1, 1843; was pro-
moted in the army to brevet second lieutenant First
Infantry July 1, 1843; second lieutenant Seventh In-
fantry October 2, 1845 ! brevet first lieutenant September
23, 1846, for gallant and meritorious services in the battle
of Monterey, Mexico ; first lieutenant Seventh Infantry
October 30, 1847; captain Seventh Infantry January 9,
1856; colonel Twelfth New Hampshire Volunteers Sep-
tember 27, 1862; major Nineteenth U. S. Infantry July 4,
1863; brevet lieutenant-colonel December 13, 1863, for
gallant and meritorious service at the battle of Freder-
icksburg, Virginia; brevet colonel May 3, 1864, for gal-
lant and meritorious services at the battle of Chancellors-
ville, Virginia ; brevet brigadier-general U. S. Army,
March 13, 1S65, for gallant and meritorious services in
the campaign terminating with the surrender of the Con-
federate army under General R. E. Lee ; brigadier-general
U. S. Volunteers May 1, 1S65; mustered out of volun-
teer service January 15, 1866; lieutenant-colonel Thir-
tieth Infantry July 28, 1866; transferred to Fourth
Infantry March 15, 1867; colonel Twenty-fourth Infantry
December 11, 1873; brigadier-general U. S. Arm}- April
1, 1886; retired from active service October 12, 1886.
He served in garrison at Fort Des Moines, Iowa,
1843-45; and Jefferson Barracks, Missouri, 1845; in
military occupation of Texas, 1S45-46; in the war with
Mexico, being engaged in the defences of Fort Brown,
May 3-9, 1846; and battle of Monterey September,
1846, where he was wounded in storming the enemy's
works; on recruiting service, 1846-48; in the war with
Mexico, 1848; in garrison at Jefferson Barracks, Mis-
souri, 1850; on frontier duty at Fort Gibson, Indian
Territory, 1850-53; Fort Smith, Arkansas, 1853-55; as
adjutant Seventh Infantry, November 16, 1853, to Janu-
ary, 1S56; on frontier duty at Fort Gibson, Indian Ter-
ritory, 1 85 5-56; Fort Arbuckle, Indian Territory,
1857-58; on frontier duty in Utah expedition, 1858-60;
marched to New Mexico, i860, and Fort Webster, New
Mexico, i860; on court-martial duty at Fort Bliss,
Texas, 1S60-61 ; on frontier duty at Fort McLane, New-
Mexico, 1 86 1, and was captured by Texas insurgents at
San Augustine Springs, Texas, Jul}- 27, 1861, and was
not exchanged until August 2/, 1862.
He served during the rebellion of the seceding States,
1862-66, in the Maryland campaign (Army of the Poto-
mac), October-November, 1862, being engaged in the
march to Falmouth, Virginia, November, 1862; in the
Rappahannock campaign (Army of the Potomac), De-
cember, 1862, to May, 1863, being engaged in the
battle of Fredericksburg, Virginia, December 13, 1862,
commanding a brigade ; and battle of Chancellorsville,
Virginia, May 2-3, where he was severely wounded and
captured; as prisoner-of-war May 3 to October, 1863
(paroled May 17, 1863); on special duty October 18,
1863, to February, 1864; as assistant provost-marshal
general of Ohio, February to September, 1864; in com-
mand of brigade, Eighteenth Corps (Army of the James)
September 16 to December 2, 1864, being in command
of Bermuda Hundred front during the attack on Fort
Harrison, September 29, 1864; in command of brigade
of the Twenty-fourth Arm)- Corps December 2, 1864,
to January 16, 1865 ; as chief of staff of Twenty-fourth
Army Corps, January 16 to July 10, 1865, being en-
gaged in the attack on the rebel lines at Hatcher's Run,
and south of Petersburg, April 2, 1865, and pursuit of
the rebel army, with several skirmishes, terminating with
the capitulation of General Lee at Appomattox Court-
House, April 9, 1865; awaiting orders July 10, 1865,
to January 15, 1866; as superintendent of regimental
recruiting service at Newport Barracks, Kentucky, Feb-
ruary 3, 1866, to January 4, 1867 ; in command of regi-
ment in Department of the Platte, January 15, 1867.
From 1866 to July, 1X77, in garrison at Fort Sedgwick,
Colorado; Fort Sanders, Wyoming; Little Rock, Ar-
kansas, and Fort Brown, Texas. From July, 1S77, to
July, 1881, governor of the Soldiers' Home, Washing-
ton, D. C. ; 1 88 1 to April 1, 1886, in garrison at Fort
Supply, Indian Territory. Assigned command of the
Department of the Missouri, retaining command until
retirement, October 12, 1886.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
323
CAPTAIN CHARLES F. POWELL, U.S.A.
Captain Charles F. Powell (Corps of Engineers)
was born August 13, 1843, at Jacksonville, Illinois. He
is a great-grandson of a Revolutionary soldier, and was
educated at private and public schools at Milwaukee, Wis-
consin. Early in 1861 he joined a newly-formed military
company of young men whose services at the outbreak
of the Civil War were successively offered for the Second,
Third, and Fourth Regiments of Wisconsin Volunteers,
but rejected on account of the youth of its members.
After most efficient service in aiding to quell the "bank
riot" at Milwaukee in the spring of 1861, and upon a
renewal of tender of service it was accepted, and the
subject of this sketch with his comrades was enrolled,
May 10, 1861, in Company B, Fifth Regiment Wisconsin
Volunteer Infantry, which regiment was assigned to
Hancock's brigade, Smith's division, Army of the Poto-
mac, subsequently incorporated in the Sixth Army Corps,
and during its organization in the Light Division of the
same corps.
He saw active service in the marches, engagements,
and battles of the campaigns of the advances from Wash-
ington, 1861-62 ; Peninsula, second Bull Run, Antietam,
Fredericksburg, and Gettysburg, and was promoted to be
corporal, sergeant-major, and cadet at the U. S. Military
Academy, which he entered from the field September
29, 1863, having been recommended for such cadet ap-
pointment by company, regimental, and brigade com-
manders for " soldierly courage and ability," faithful
and " brave conduct," and " gallantry on the field of
battle."
He was graduated from the Military Academy June
17, 1867, and promoted to be second lieutenant Corps of
Engineers; first lieutenant April 23, 1869, and captain
June 17, 1881.
He served as company officer and as battalion quarter-
master and battalion recruiting officer of the Battalion of
Engineers, and as post quartermaster and commissary,
Engineer Department, to May 1, 1871 ; as assistant en-
gineer on the survey of the North and Northwestern
Lakes and the Mississippi River; resident engineer at
the Cascades Canal, Oregon ; as engineer-in-charge of
the same, and of certain river and harbor works in Ore-
gon, Washington, and Idaho ; as engineer of the Thir-
teenth Light-house District; as secretary of the Missis-
sippi River Commission, and assistant to its Construction
Committee, and in charge of the survey of the Missis-
sippi River; as engineer-in-charge of the improvements
of the Missouri River between the Great Falls and Sioux
City, and of the Yellowstone River, and in charge of the
survey of the Missouri River from Fort Benton to Sioux
City ; also on certain boards and commissions concerning
public works.
His present station is Sioux City, Iowa.
3=4
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL WILLIAM H. POWELL, U.S.A.
Lieutenant-Colonel William II. Powell was born
in the city of Washington September 21, 1838. lie is
.1 descendant, on his father's side, of Captain William
Powell, who was one of the colonists named in the charter
granted by King lames I. to the Virginia colony in 1609,
and on the mother's side of the Gough family, who accom-
panied Leonard Calvert, the brother of Lord Baltimore,
to this country, and settled in St. Mary's Count)-, Mary-
land, in 1632.
Colonel Powell's first military service was as a mem-
ber of Company E, Fourth Battalion District of Colum-
bia Militia, which company tendered its services to the
government for the protection of the national capital
at the earliest outbreak of the Rebellion, and was mus-
tered into the United States service on the 17th of April,
1861, and was employed guarding the National Treasury
and State Department. Having been discharged from
this service at the end of three months, he was ap-
pointed a second lieutenant of the Fourth U. S. Infantry
October 24 of the same year, entering upon duty at once
at Governor's Island, New York-, where he awaited the
arrival of his regiment from California.
He served in the field with the Army of the Potomac
during the entire war, and was never absent from duty
with his command but ten days on two occasions from
the beginning to the end, being engaged in the siege of
Yorktown, battles of Gaines' Mill, Malvern Hill, second
Bull Run, Antietam, Snicker's Gap, Fredericksburg,
Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Cold Harbor, Petersburg,
June 16-18, 1864; battle of the Crater, assault and cap-
ture of Petersburg, April 2, 1S65, and Appomattox Court-
1 louse .it the surrender of Lee.
( icneral Buchanan, commanding First Regular Brigade,
in his report on the Seven Days' battles, says: " It now
becomes my agreeable duty to bring to the especial notice
of the commanding general the names of the following
officers, whose gallant conduct entitles them to that dis-
tinction : . . . Second Lieutenant William H. Powell,
adjutant Fourth Infantry, acting assistant adjutant-general
of First Brigade."
In report of same, on the second Bull Run, he says:
" I would particularly mention my staff, Second Lieu-
tenant William H. Powell, acting assistant adjutant-gen-
eral. . . . These officers behaved with the utmost cool-
ness and gallantry, and carried my orders to every part
of the field to which they were sent with cheerfulness
and alacrity."
In report of same on battle of Antietam, he says :
" To my staff . . . Second Lieutenant William H. Powell,
Fourth Infantry, acting assistant adjutant-general, my
thanks are due for the cheerful alacrity and coolness with
which they carried my orders to the different portions of
the brigade."
In report of same on the battle of Fredericksburg, he
says: " My staff, consisting of First Lieutenant William
II. Powell, Fourth Infantry, acting assistant adjutant-
general, . . . carried my orders with zeal and alacrity,
and discharged their duties to my entire satisfaction."
General Ay res, commanding Regular Division, in his
report on the battle of Gettysburg, says: " My staff per-
formed their duties with intelligence and gallantly, and
have my sincere thanks. I name them in the order of
rank : . . . First Lieutenant William H. Powell, Fourth
Infantry, aide-de-camp."
Lieutenant Powell was also honorably mentioned in
reports for " gallantry in front of Petersburg, June 16-18,
1864," and was recommended by General Grant for the
brevet of lieutenant-colonel, for " gallantry at the battle
of the Crater," July 30, 1 S64.
At the close of the war, he was brevetted a captain for
"gallant and meritorious conduct" at the battle of Antie-
tam, and major for that of Petersburg, April 2, 1865.
Colonel Powell was promoted to a captaincy in the
Fourth Infantry February 2, 1865, and, with the excep-
tion of two years on the recruiting-service and three
leaves of absence, served continuously with his company
for twenty-three years, when he was promoted major of
the Twenty-second Infantry. Over twenty-two years of
his life have been spent at various posts and on campaign
duty west of the Missouri River, the last campaign being
that of the Big Horn and Yellowstone, of 1876.
Colonel Powell's literary efforts are to be found in reg-
ular contributions to the United Service Magazine, in " Bat-
tles and Leaders of the Civil War," and in the publication
of "Tactical Queries for the Infantry," " Records of Liv-
ing Officers, U. S. Army," " Hand-book and Guide for
Boards of Examination," and " Officers of the Army and
Navy ( regular) who served in the Civil War." Promoted
lieutenant-colonel May 4, 1892.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
32:
REAR-ADMIRAL GEORGE HENRY PREBLE, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Rear-Admiral George Henry Preble, a relative of
the Commodore Preble who was distinguished in our
early naval service, was a native of Maine, and was ap-
pointed midshipman from that State in 1835. He served
in the Mediterranean and in the West Indies ; was at
the naval school at Philadelphia, and warranted passed
midshipman in June, 1841. He then served in Florida,
as acting lieutenant, in the course of which service he
went on several canoe expeditions into the Everglades.
After a year of this work he was taken ill, and was sent
North and stationed on the receiving-ship at Boston. His
health being re-established, he sailed in the " St. Louis,"
as acting master and acting lieutenant, in May, 1843, for a
circumnavigation of the globe. He had charge of the first
American armed force ever landed in China, — which was
in June and July, 1844, — for the protection of the Ameri-
can consulate and residents at Canton. He was acting
master of the " Petrel," in the Gulf of Mexico, during the
war with that country, and took" part in the operations at
Alvarado, Laguna, Tampico, Panuco, and the siege and
capture of Vera Cruz, etc. Invalided home, he was made
master in July, 1S47, and lieutenant in February, 1S48.
He returned to the Gulf in 1848, but had to be invalided
again in 1849. His next service was in the " Legare," a
Coast Survey steamer, and next in the frigate " St. Law-
rence," which conveyed American contributions to the
World's Fair at London in 185 1. He then was in com-
mand of the " Gallatin," of the Coast Survey, and attached
to the" Vermont," 74. He then joined the " Macedonian,"
and took part in the Japan Expedition, and served in China
from 1853 to 1856. He commanded the chartered steamer
" Queen," and assisted in the surveys of Jeddo and Hako-
cladi Bays, and surveyed the harbor of Kealing in the
island of Formosa. He was upon several expeditions after
Chinese pirates, which were successful, and received the
thanks of our own commander-in-chief and the English
admiral for the one to Kulan. In the American steamer
"Confucius," he destroyed several pirate junks at Foo-
chow-foo.
On his return home, he was light-house inspector on
the coasts of Maine and New Hampshire; at the Boston
Navy-Yard, and made acruise in the" Narragansetfinthe
Pacific. When the Civil War broke out he was ordered
East, at his own request, and took command of " Katah-
din," in which vessel he joined Admiral Farragut, passed
the forts below" New Orleans, and was in all the operations
up to Vicksburgand Grand Gulf. In August, 1862, he was
transferred to the command of the steam-sloop " Oneida,"
having been commissioned as commander in the previous
month. While on the blockade off Mobile, he was left
senior officer present, on August 29, 1862, with three ves-
sels, the other four of that station having gone for supplies.
On September 4, a steamer, having every appearance of a
British gun-vessel and flying English colors, came in about
six p.m. When she did not o>mc to, the " Oneida" fired
three shots ahead of her, and then, finding that she did
not bring to, fired a broadside, but the vessel's superior
speed enabled her to run in over the shoals and reach the
shelter of the guns of Fort Morgan. This vessel proved
to be the " < )reto," which was built and fitted out by the
English, and under the command of John N. Maffitt. She
was afterwards rechristened " Florida." For not prevent-
ing the " Oreto's" running into Mobile, Preble was sum-
marily dismissed the service, without a true understanding
of the circumstances. These were war times, and all
classes were excited, so that cool judgment was not always
p< issible. Maffitt, who was a well-known officer of our old
service, did full justice to Preble, saying, "The superior
speed of the ' Florida' alone saved her from destruction,
though not from a frightful mauling. . . . The damage
done to her" — the " Oreto" — " was so great that we did
not get to sea again for over three months." By recom-
mendation of the Naval Committee, the President renomi-
nated him in February, 1863, and he was confirmed by the
Senate, — as every one recognized the injustice which had
been done him, — and he was at once ordered to a com-
mand. In November, 1864, he had command of the fleet
brigade on shore at Port Royal, and co-operated with the
armv in the severe battles of Honey Hill and De Vaux's
Neck, and was daily under fire for three weeks. After
much important service as commander, he was made cap-
tain in March, 1867, and commodore in 1 871 . He com-
manded the Philadelphia Station for three years. He was
commissioned rear-admiral in September, 1876, and com-
manded the South Pacific Station in 1S77-78. He was
retired in February, 1878, and died March 1, 1885.
Admiral Preble's " Plistory of the American Flag" is
standard, and he wrote much valuable magazine matter.
\z6
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
MAJOR CURTIS E. PRICE. U.S.A.
Major Curtis E. Price (Medical Department) was
born in Ohio, but when a child went with his parents to
I Hindis, which has since been his residence. After going
through college and receiving the degree of Bachelor of
Arts, he studied medicine under the direction of his
father, a physician in extensive practice. At the break-
ing out of the Rebellion he was in Philadelphia, studying
medicine. After finishing his medical course he went
to Kansas, and entered the service by appointment as
assistant surgeon, but was not commissioned. In 1863,
he accepted a contract as acting assistant surgeon U. S.
A., and went to Nashville, Tennessee. His duties here
were various, including service with the Twelfth Indiana
Battery ; medical charge of detachments serving the
siege-guns in the fortifications; in charge of Fort Negley;
in charge of Exchange Barracks (now the Maxwell
House) ; attending surgeon at the penitentiary and mili-
tary prison, and for awhile in charge of a gun-boat, while
it was lying at Nashville.
Regiments of loyal Tennesseeans were then being
raised and mustered into the U. S. service, and the sub-
ject of this sketch was commissioned assistant surgeon
of the Twelfth Tennessee Cavalry, and as soon as a
vacancy occurred was promoted to major and surgeon,
although he w.is the junior assistant surgeon of his
regiment.
He joined his regiment at Charlotte, Tennessee, and
from that time till the close of the war was constantly in
active field service in Tennessee, Alabama, Georgia, and
Mississippi, with the Army of the Cumberland, and
Military Division of the Mississippi. He was engaged
in the skirmishes and battles of Lebanon, Dechard,
Triune, Richland Creek, Taylorsville, Hollow-Tree Gap,
Laurenceburg, Fayetteville, Taylor's Creek, Campbells-
villc, Bainbridge, Florence, Pulaski, Spring Hill, Colum-
bia, Franklin, Nashville, and the retreat of Hood.
After Hood's army had been driven back across the
Tennessee River, the brigade went to Eastport, Missis-
sippi, where it was at the time of Lee's surrender, Major
Price being brigade surgeon of the Second Brigade,
Fifth Division, Cavalry Corps, Military Division of the
Mississippi. His regiment was then ordered West on an
Indian expedition, Major Price accompanying it. The
summer was spent scouting in Western Kansas and
Nebraska. The regiment returned to Fort Leaven-
worth, was mustered out of service, and finally dis-
charged at Nashville, Tennessee, October 25, 1865.
Major Price was brevetted lieutenant-colonel for "valu-
able and meritorious services during the war, and more
especially for gallant conduct in the battle of Nashville."
He again entered the service as acting assistant sur-
geon U. S. Army, September 1, 1867, at Vicksburg, Mis-
sissippi, at the request of his old commander, General
Gillem. I lis first duty was to quarantine against and treat
yellow fever. He served at Columbus, Woodville, and
Natchez, Mississippi ; Louisville and Lebanon, Ken-
tuck}-; and Little Rock, Arkansas, till February, 1873,
when he was sent to San Francisco, California. He was
commissioned assistant surgeon, U. S. Army, June 25,
1 875, having passed an examining board second in a class
of twenty-three. He went .is medical officer with a bat-
talion of artillery to the Department of the Platte in
August, 1876, and was surgeon of the artillery and in-
fantry battalions in the " Powder River Expedition,"
during the fall and winter campaign which General
Crook conducted against the hostile Sioux and Chey-
ennes.
Since then his stations have been Angel Island, Alca-
traz, and Fort Gaston, California ; Fort Niagara, New
York ; Fort Custer, Montana ; Fort Du Chesne, Utah ;
and Fort Wadsworth, New York harbor.
He was promoted to captain and assistant surgeon in
1880, and to major and surgeon in 1892. He received
the degree of Master of Arts from his alma mater in
1865.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
COLONEL JOHN PULFORD, U.S.A. (retired).
Colonel John Pulford was born in New York City
Jul\- 4, 1837. He was educated in the public schools
and afterwards read law, and is now a member of the
Detroit Bar, in which city he has resided since 1850.
When the war of the Rebellion broke out in 1861 he was
proprietor of a hotel and foreman of Engine Company
No. 3 in said city, and on April 20 he, in conjunction
with Mr. E. T. Sherlock, proprietor of the Metropolitan
Theatre, reorganized said fire company into a military
company and offered their services to the general gov-
ernment, and on June 19, 1861, he was commissioned
first lieutenant Fifth Michigan Infantry. He was sta-
tioned at Fort Wayne, Michigan, to September 11, 1861,
when he, with his regiment, left to join the Army of the
Potomac, and was actively engaged with said army in all
its campaigns and battles up to Malvern Hill, where he was
severely wounded by a ricochet cannon-ball, which frac-
tured his temporal bone and also broke his jaw and collar
be mes. He was taken prisoner and retained at Richmi md
until July 18, 1862. He was promoted captain May 15,
1862, and major January 1, 1863. He did not recover
from his wounds until September 12, 1862, when he again
took the field, and participated in the battle of Fred-
ericksburg. In this battle his company and regiment
suffered severely.
The regimental commander having been killed, Cap-
tain Pulford, although one of the junior captains, was
soon after appointed major of the regiment, the offi-
cers of the regiment having petitioned to the gover-
nor for his promotion, on account of his efficient ser-
vices as an officer. At the battle of Chancellorsville,
May 2, 1863, he assisted in the capture of the Twenty-
third Georgia Infantry, and the next day, May 3, assumed
command of the regiment, after Eieutenant-Colonel E. T.
Sherlock had been killed, and remained in command of
the regiment (though suffering severely from a wound
received at Chancellorsville) up to and including the
battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, where he was twice
wounded, but did not leave the field or his command.
Major Pulford was promoted lieutenant-colonel of the
Fifth Michigan May 3, 1863, and in August of that year
was sent to New York City with his regiment on ac-
count of the draft riots, and from there to Troy, New
York, for the same purpose, returning to the Army of
the Potomac September 18, 1863. On December 29,
1863, he went on veteran furlough, and returning to
the field in February, 1864, he participated in the
actions and movements of the Army of the Potomac to
the surrender of Lee, April 9, 1865.
At the battle of the Wilderness Colonel Pulford was
severely wounded, having his back broken and both anus
partially disabled from an injury to the brachial plexus
and loss of part of the first and second dorsal vertebrae.
He was promoted colonel of his regiment July 12, 1864,
and brevet brigadier-general of volunteers March 13,
1865, "for good conduct and meritorious services dur-
ing the war," and was honorably mustered out July 5,
1865.
Colonel Pulford held on various occasions command
of a brigade and division during the war, and of sev-
eral Western regiments at its close, in Louisville, Ken-
tucky.
He has to his credit the following battles and actions :
Siege of Yorktown, Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, Peach
Orchard, Glendale, Malvern Hill, Fredericksburg, Chan-
cellorsville, Gettysburg, Wapping Heights, Auburn
Heights, Kelly's Ford, Locust Grove, Mine Run, Wil-
derness, siege of Petersburg, Deep Bottom, Strawberry
Plains, Poplar Springs Church; also the first line of
battle at Boydton Plank Road, October 27, 1864; Hatch-
er's Run, Boydton Plank Road, capture of Petersburg,
Sailor's Creek and New Store, the surrender of the in-
surgent armies at Appomattox Court-House.
On February 23, 1866, Colonel Pulford entered the
regular army as second lieutenant of the Nineteenth
Infantry, and was promoted first lieutenant the same
day. He joined his regiment at Newport Barracks,
Kentucky, and served with it in the Southwest and
West, and engaged in General Hancock's expedition
across the Plains against hostile Indians to April, 1867.
Subsequently he was placed on reconstruction duty in
the South, and on recruiting duty at Newport Barracks,
Kentucky, and was retired from active service with the
rank of colonel, on account of wounds received in the
line of duty, December 15, 1 870.
Colonel Pulford is the seventh son and ninth child of
Edward and Sarah Lloyd (Anis) Pulford, the former a
native of Norwich, and the latter of Bristol, England.
They emigrated to New York City in 1833.
328
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
MAJOR GEORGE A. PURINGTON, U.S.A.
Major George A. Purington (Third Cavalry) was
born in Athens, Athens Count}-, Ohio, Julv 21, 1838;
removed to Rock Island, Illinois, in 1847; entered Rock-
Island High School in 1856. Prepared for college at
Twinsburg and Hudson, Ohio. In 1N61 assisted in organ-
izing Company G, Nineteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry
(three months' service), Was appointed first sergeant of
the company April 16, 1861. In May uniformed and
acted as second lieutenant, but was not mustered in as
such. Participated in the battle of Rich Mountain, Vir-
ginia. After the muster out and discharge (if the regi-
ment in August, 1 861, Sergeant Purington reorganized
the company into a troop of cavalry, and was mustered
in as captain oi Troop A, Second Ohio Volunteer Cav-
alry, August [6, 1861, at Cleveland, Ohio. Promoted
major September 10, 1861. Was engaged in actions at
Independence, Lone Jack, Sarcoxie, Fort Wayne, Rhea's
Mills, Cane Hill, Missouri; Mount Sterling, Fishing Creel;,
Steubenville, Kentucky; pursuit and capture of John
Morgan; Cumberland Gap, Waterga Bridge, Blounts-
ville, Bristol, siege of Knoxville, Bean's Station, Blue
Springs, Walker's Ford, Clinch River, Cheek's Cross-
Roads, Russellville, Burnt House, Blain's Cross-Roads,
and Mossy Creek, Tennessee. Commissioned lieuten-
ant-colonel Second Ohio Cavalry June 25, 1863. Com-
manded the regiment or a brigade until mustered out of
service.
He was commissioned colonel Second Ohio Cav-
alry June, 1864, but was not mustered as such, the regi-
ment being below the minimum, caused by casualties of
the battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Har-
bor, actions of St. Mary's Church, Piney Branch Church,
Hanover Court-House, Ashland Station, Shad)' Grove,
Nottaway Court-Housc, through which battles Colonel
Purington commanded the regiment ; also in the battles
of Stony Creek, Ream's Station, and action at Summit
Point ; commanded the First Brigade of the Third Divi-
sion, Cavalry Corps, at the battles of Winchester, Fisher's
Hill, actions of Luray Valley, Waynesborough, Bridge-
water, Reamstown, Charlestown, and Berryville ; com-
manded his regiment at the battle of Cedar Creek, and
in the action of Back Road, Virginia. Was honorably
mustered out November, 1864.
He was commissioned captain in the Ninth Regiment
of Cavalry July 28, 1866. Was with his troop in all the
Indian campaigns in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona,
from April, 1 867, until 1881, the war with the Indian
chief Victoria included. During this campaign the bat-
talion in which Colonel Purington served, consisting of
less than two hundred and fifty-men, lost two officers
and sixteen men killed, one officer and sixty-four men
wounded.
In October, 1883, was promoted major Third U. S.
Cavalry, serving since then in Arizona, Texas, and
Indian Territory. Commanded the battalion of the
Third Cavalry that was present during the threatened
Indian troubles, in 1885, in the Indian Territory.
Brevet major U. S. Army for gallant and meritorious
services at the battle of the Wilderness, Virginia.
Brevet lieutenant-colonel U. S. Army for gallant and
meritorious services at the battle of Winchester, Virginia.
Brevet colonel U. S. Army for gallant and meritorious
services at the battle of Cedar Creek, Virginia.
Is now in command of Third U. S. Cavalry and sta-
tioned at Fort Clark, Texas.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
329
REAR-ADMIRAL STEPHEN P. QUACKENBUSH, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Rf.ak-Apmiral Stephen P. Quackenbusii was born
in New York. Appointed from New York February 15,
1840; attached to sloop "Boston," East India Squadron,
1841-42; frigate " Raritan," Brazil Squadron, 1843-45;
Naval School, 1846; sloop "Albany," Home Squadron,
1846-47 ; was actively engaged in operating against Vera
Cruz, and on blockading duty during the Mexican War.
Promoted to passed midshipman July 11, 1846; store-
ship "Supply," Mediterranean, 1847-48; Coast Survey,
1849-50; mail-steamer " Pacific," 1850-51 ; mail-steamer
" Illinois," 1852 ; brig " Perry," coast of Africa, 1853-54.
Commissioned as lieutenant September 4, 1855 ; Home
Squadron, 1856; steam-frigate "Wabash," Home Squad-
ron, 1857-58; navy-yard, Philadelphia, 1859; frigate
"Congress," Brazil Squadron, 1859-61. Commissioned
as lieutenant-commander July 16, 1862; commanding
steamer " Delaware," North Atlantic Blockading Squad-
ron, 1862; covered the retreat of General Burnside's
army at Roanoke Island, and scattered a large body
of the enemy who were preparing to resist them ;
commanding the " Delaware," flying the divisional
flag of Commander S. C. Rowan, at the battles of
Roanoke Island, Elizabeth City, and New Berne, 1862;
at Winton, N. C, in same vessel, engaged a rebel battery
and a regiment of infantry at short range; engagements
with Sewell's Point battery and a flying battery at Wilcox
Landing, and a batten- on Malvern Hill, James River;
engagement with a battery at Point of Rocks, Appo-
mattox River, 1862; covered the rear-guard of the army
at the retreat to Harrison's Landing, 1862 ; commanded
the steam-gun-boat " Unadilla," South Atlantic Block-
ading Squadron, 1863; commanding steam-gun-boat
" Pequot," North Atlantic Blockading Squadron, 1863-
64 ; commanded the iron-clad " Patapsco," South .At-
lantic Blockading Squadron, 1864, and while engaged in
ascertaining the nature and position of the obstructions
in Charleston harbor and dragging for torpedoes, was
struck by one, and sunk in twenty seconds, — this occurred
within three hundred and fifty yards of Fort Sumter;
commanded the steamer " Nungo," South Atlantic Block-
ading Squadron, Georgetown, South Carolina, for the
protection of that place, and, with a force of light-draught
vessels under his command, prevented the re-erection of
the fort by the enemy, which had been previously de-
stroyed by our fleet. Commissioned as commander July
25, 1866; commanding steamer " Conemaugh," Atlantic
Squadron, 1866-68; navy-yard, Norfolk, 1868-70; com-
manding steam-sloop " Tuscarora," 1S71. Commissioned
as captain July, 1871 ; commanding "Terror" (third-
rate), North Atlantic Station, 1872 ; commanding receiv-
ing-ship "New Hampshire," 1873-75. Commodore
in 1,880; commanding Naval Station, Pensacola, 1880-
82. Promoted to rear-admiral in July, 1884. Died
in 1890.
42
33°
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
COMMODORE F. M. RAMSAY, U.S.N.
Commodore Francis Munroe Ramsay was bom in
the Districl of Columbia, and is the son of ("uncial
( ge Douglas Ramsay, of the I". S. Army, who was
for sonic years chief of ordnance, and was brevetted
major-general for " meritorious services during the Civil
War."
Commodore Ramsay entered the navy as midshipman
from Pennsylvania October, 1850. He was at the Naval
Academy on hoard the practice-ship " Preble," and the
frigate "St. Lawrence," of the Pacific Squadron, until
[855. Then he went to the Naval School again, and
became passed midshipman in June, 1856. Serving in
the sloop "Falmouth," on the Brazil Station, he was
made acting master, and became master in January. 1858,
while attached to the steam-frigate " Merrimac," of the
Pai ific Si [uadron.
He was made lieutenant the same month, in 1858,
and, after his return from the Pacific, was, tor a time, on
ordnance duty at the Washington yard. During [860-
I i ' he made a cruise on the 0 last 1 >t Afrii a, in the sli <• 1] 1
of-war " Saratoga."
The Civil War was now in full progress, and Com
modore Ramsay, having been commissioned lieutenant-
commander in July, 1862, was ordered to tin command
of the iron-clad " Choctaw," of the Mississippi Squadron,
where he was to be actively and conspicuously employed
for the next two years.
Among his services were the engagements at Haines's
Bluff, Yazoo River, April 50 and Mayi,i863; the expe-
dition up the Yazoo River to Yazoo City in May, [863,
when the rebel naval building yard and tin: vessels there
were destroyed. The same month he was in the engage-
ment at Liverpool Landing, on the Yazoo. In June,
1863, lie was engaged with a heavy force of the enemy
at Milliken's Rend, — the capture of which his heavy fire
prevented, aiul thereby saved a disaster of great impor-
tance.
lie was engaged at the siege of Vicksburg, and com-
manded a battery of three heavy .emus, mounted on
scows, from June 19 to July 4, 1863, when the capitu-
lation occurred.
After this event, Lieutenant-Commander Ramsay com-
manded the 'Third Division of the Mississippi Squadron
for some fourteen months. He had many engagements
with field baltei its and guerillas, commanded an expe-
dition up the Black and the Ouachita Rivers, and had
engagements with the enemy at many points on those
water-courses. lie was in the celebrated Red River
Expedition, when the clam was made by the army to
allow the iron-clads that had been caught by the falling
waters to pass. At Simmsport, Louisiana, he had the
pleasure, in his trip up the Atchafalaya, of recapturing,
in a battery which attacked him, some rilled guns which
had been taken from General Banks.
lie went East with Admiral Porter, and commanded
the " Unadilla" at the engagements at Fort Fisher, Fort
Anderson, and the other forts on the Cape Fear River.
He was present at the capture of Richmond. Alter the
peace, he was in charge of the Department of Gunnery
at the Naval Academy.
Promoted commander July, iS6f>, and on navigation
duty at Washington, and then fleet-captain, and in com-
mand of " Guerriere," [867-69, on South Atlantic Station.
After more duty in the line of ordnance at Washington,
he became the naval attache at London in 1872-73.
After that he commanded the " Ossipee," of the North
Atlantic Squadron, [873-74, and the "Lancaster" in
[874—75. The next two years were spent as the execu-
tive-officer of the Naval Asylum at Philadelphia, and then
he went for the same term as inspector of ordnance at
New York.
Hewas commissioned captain in 1878, and had charge
of the Torpedo Static in fi >r three years after that. During
the year 18S1 he commanded the " Trenton," flag-ship
of the European Station. His next duty was upon the
Board of Examination, and, during 1887-89, he com-
manded the " Boston" upon special service.
He received his commission as commodore in March,
[889, and was appointed chief of the Bureau of Navi-
gation in the Navy Department in the same year, which
pi isitn >n he still retains.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
33'
MAJOR JACOB B. RAWLES, U.S.A.
Major Jacob B. Rawles (Fourth Artillery) was born
in Michigan August 4, 1839, a,ul graduated at the Mili-
tary Academy May 6, 1 86 1. He was promoted second
lieutenant Third Artillery the same da)', and first lieuten-
ant Fifth Artillery May 14, 1861. He served during the
war of the Rebellion, and was engaged from May 7 till
about July 15, 1861, in drilling volunteers in and about
Washington, D. C. ; he was thus occupied with the Sixty-
ninth New York Infantry (Irish), the Second Connecticut
Infantry (General Terry's regiment), and the Sixth Maine
Infantry. He was then detailed on recruiting service in
connection with the organization of the Fifth Artillery
from about July 5 until October, 1861, serving at Camp
Greble, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and at Fort Hamilton,
New York harbor, till November, 1862 ; joined Light Bat-
tery G, Fifth U.S. Artillery, December 1, 1862 ; he sailed
from New York, on the clipper-ship " Jennie Beals," with
Banks's Expedition, bound for New ( Irleans, Louisiana,
December 9, 1862, and served in the Department of the
Gulf from date of arrival at New ( Irleans, December 25,
1862, until after the surrender of Fort Morgan, Mobile
Bay, Alabama, in August, [864. He participated in the
first attack upon Port Hudson, Louisiana, operations about
Baton Rouge, Louisiana, in the spring of 1865, and the
final siege of the former-named place, terminating July 8,
1863, — returning to New Orleans with the battery in the
fall of the same year. In the spring of 1864 he partici-
pated in the Red River campaign, being present and
actively engaged with Light Batter)* G, Fifth Artillery, at
the battle of Sabine Cross- Roads, or Mansfield, Louisiana,
April 8, 1864. After the retreat of the Army of the Gulf,
returned to New Orleans, remaining there until the oper-
ations of the army about Mobile Bay, Louisiana, and the
siege of Fort Morgan. He took part in all those opera-
tions which culminated in the surrender of the latter place.
After the surrender of Fort Morgan he returned to New
Orleans, Louisiana, and from there, in the month of Au-
gust, 1864, was transferred with Light Battery G, Fifth
Artillery, to the Army of the Potomac. The winter of
1864-65 was passed with the Artillery Reserve of the
Fifth Corps, occupying winter-quarters on the Jerusalem
Plank Road, rear defensive line of the Army of the Po-
tomac.
In the spring campaign of 1865 he participated in
most of the actions, skirmishes, and battles of the Fifth
Corps, terminating with the surrender of the rebel Army
of Northern Virginia, April 9, 1865.
He was made brevet captain July 8, 1S63, for " gallant
and meritorious services in the siege of Port Hudson,
Louisiana;" brevet major April 9, 1865, for "gallant and
meritorious services during the campaign terminating
with surrender of the insurgent forces under General R.
E. Lee." He was regimental quartermaster of the Fifth
Artillery from November, [861, to November, 1862.
After the Rebellion, lie was with Light Battery G, Fifth
Artillery, at Camp Bailey, Bladensburg, Maryland, and at
Little Rock, Arkansas, until July 28, 1866, when he was
promoted captain, and served at Fort Warren, Massachu-
setts, with Battery 1), Fifth Artillery, from March, 1869,
until December, 1875; at Oglethorpe Barracks, Savan-
nah, Georgia, until 1879; McPherson Barracks, Georgia,
from April 1, 1879, until February, 1880; at Key West
Barracks, Florida (second time), and Fort Brook, Tampa,
Florida, until July, 18S1 ; on leave of absence from July
1881, till December, 1881 ; at Fort Schuyler, New York
harbor, from December, 1881, to September, 1882; left
Fort Schuyler for Omaha, Nebraska, with Battery D,
Fifth Artillery, September 10, [882; during the fall of
that year the battery was mounted, equipped, and organ-
ized as a mounted battery; absent from Fort Omaha
during the months of October, November, and Decem-
ber, 1882, as a member of a Horse Board for purchasing
horses for the battery and for the cavalry service ; ordered
with battery to Fort Douglas, Utah, in December, 1885 ;
serving there till November, 1886; during sojourn at
that post built large, commodious stables for batten-,
capable of accommodating eighty horses; from Fort
Douglas took station, in December, 1886, at Fort Schuy-
ler, New York, having been transferred to Battery E; in
May, 1887 ordered to duty with battery at Fort Hamil-
ton, New York; ordered to Fort Preble, Maine; served
at Fort Preble until the Fourth Artillery was transferred
South, to Fort McPherson, Georgia, May 28, 1889,
having been promoted major of the Fourth Artillery
August 10, 18X7.
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL J. A. RAWLINS, U.S.A.
(deceased).
Brevet Major-General J. A. Rawlins was born in
East Galena, Illinois, February 13, 1831. Died at Wash-
ington, D. C., Sept. 9, 1869. He was of Scotch-Irish
extraction. His father, James D. Rawlins, removed from
Kentucky to Missouri, and then to Illinois. John passed
his early years on the family farm, and attended the dis-
trict school in winter. Studied law with Isaac P. Stevens
at Galena, and in Oct., 1854, was admitted to the bar,
and taken into partnership by his preceptor. In 1855
Mr. Stevens retired, leaving the business to Rawlins.
In i860 he was nominated for the electoral college on
the Douglas ticket. He was outspoken for the Union
and for the war to maintain it, and at a mass meeting at
Galena, on April \(\ 1861, Rawlins was called on to
speak; but instead of deprecating the war, as had been
expected, he made a speech of an hour, in which he
upheld it with signal ability and eloquence. Among
those of the audience that had acted with the Democrats
\\ as Captain Ulysses S. Grant. He was deeply impressed
by the speech, and thereupon offered his services to the
country, and from that time firth was the warm friend of
Rawlins. The first act of Grant after he had been as-
signed to the command of a brigade, August 7, 1861,
was to offer Rawlins the post of aide-de-camp on his
staff and soon after the- position of captain and assistant
adjutant-general, to date' from August 30, 1861. He
joined Grant at Cairo, Illinois, September 15, 1861, and
from that time was constantly with the latter till the end
of the war, except from August 1 to October 1, 1864,
when he was absent on sick-leave. He was promoted
major April 11, 1862; lieutenant-colonel November I,
1862; brigadier-general of volunteers August II, 1863;
brevet major-general of volunteers February 24, 1865;
chief of staff to Lieutenant-General Grant, with the rank
of brigadier-general United States Army, March 3, 1 865 ;
and brevet major-general United States Army March 13,
1 865. Finally, he was appointed Secretary of War March
9, 1869, which office he held till his death. Before en-
tering the army, Rawlins had never seen a company of
uniformed soldiers, nor read a book on tactics or mili-
tary organization ; but he soon developed rare executive
abilities. Early after joining Grant, Rawlins acquired
great influence over him. He was bold, resolute, and
outspoken in counsel, and never hesitated to give his
opinion upon matters of importance, whether it was asked
or not. His relations with Grant were closer than those
of any other man, and so highly did the latter value his
sterling qualities and his great abilities that, in a letter
to Henry Wilson, chairman of the Senate Military Com-
mittee, lie declared that Rawlins was more nearly indis-
pensable to him than any other officer in the army. He
was a man of austere habits, severe morals, aggressive
temper, and of inflexible will, resolution, and courage.
He verified, re-arranged, ami rewrote, when necessary,
all the statements of Grant's official reports, adhering as
closely as possible to Grant's original drafts, but making
them to conform to the facts as they were understood at
head-quarters. At Chattanooga he became an ardent
advocate of the plan of operations devised by General
Wm. F. Smith, and adopted by Generals Thomas and
Grant, and for the relief of the army at Chattanooga,
and for the battle of Missionary Ridge, where his per-
sistence finally secured positive orders from Grant to
Thomas directing the advance of the Arm}' of the Cum-
berland that resulted in carrying the heights. I Ie accom-
panied Grant to the Army of the Potomac, and was
his devoted and loyal friend all through this campaign.
Rawlins, as Secretary of War, was the youngest member
of the Cabinet, as he was the youngest member of Grant's
staff when he joined it at Cairo in 1861. Soon after
entering the Cabinet he suffered much from pulmonary
consumption, which he had contracted during the war,
and up to the time of his death he performed all the
duties of his office, and exerted a commanding influence
in the counsels of the 1 'resident to the last.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
533
CAPTAIN WILLIAM C. RAWOLLE, U.S.A.
Captain William C. Rawolle (Second Cavalry) was
born in Prussia August 28, 1S40. In childhood he be-
came a resident of New York, and in Jul}-, 1S61, he was
appointed junior second lieutenant of a light batter}- of
the New York National Guard, subsequently known as
Battery L, Second New York Artillery. He was com-
missioned in the same October 26, 1861, and was pro-
moted first lieutenant March 4, 1862.
( In June 21, 1S62, he was promoted captain and addi-
tional aide-de-camp, and attached to the staff" of General
Samuel D. Sturgis, serving in the field with the Army
of the Potomac, and being engaged in the battles of
second Bull Run, South Mountain, Antietam, Warrenton,
Sulphur Springs, and Fredericksburg, in 1862.
In March, 1863, he was detailed on the staff of Major-
General John E. Wool, commanding the Department of
the East, where he remained until General Wool's retire-
ment, when he was returned to duty with General Sturgis,
then commanding the Cavalry Corps of the Arm}- of the
Ohio, operating in East Tennessee, and later on in West
Tennessee and Mississippi. He remained on this duty
until the close of the war of the Rebellion, participating
in the campaigns of Tennessee and Mississippi, and battle
of Price's Cross- Roads, Mississippi.
He was brevetted major of volunteers March 13, 1865,
for gallant and meritorious services in the Army of the
Potomac from August, 1862, to January, 1863, including
the battles of second Bull Run, South Mountain, Antie-
tam, Warrenton, Sulphur Springs, and Fredericksburg;
and lieutenant-colonel of volunteers March 13, 1865, for
services in the West, including the cavalry campaign in
East Tennessee and expeditions to Northern Mississippi,
and for gallant, daring-, and good conduct at the battle of
Brice's Cross-Roads, Mississippi.
Captain Rawolle resigned his volunteer commission
August 1 1, 1865, and remained out of service until June
6, 1868, when he was appointed second lieutenant of the
Second U. S. Cavalry.
He was promoted first lieutenant April 26, 1869, and
captain December 20, 1880. He served on frontier duty
in Colorado, Wyoming, Montana, Idaho, and Washing-
ton, from 1868 to 1890, participating in the Big Horn
and Yellowstone Expedition in 1876 against Sitting
Bull's band of Sioux Indians.
He was regimental quartermaster of the Second Cav-
alry from Jul}- 15, 1870, to September 15, 1874, and
adjutant of the Second Cavalry from March 31, 1878, to
August 31,1 880.
In 1890 the Second Cavalry was transferred to Ari-
zona, and Captain Rawolle is at this date on duty at Fort
Huachuca, Arizona.
334
OFFICERS OF THF ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN
HHNRY RAY. U.S.A.
Captain P. Henry Ray (Eighth Infantry) was born in
Wisconsin May 8, 1842. Upon the breaking out of the
Civil War he entered the volunteer service and served as
private, corporal, sergeant, and first sergeant of companies
K and A, Second Wisconsin Infantry, from May 7, 1861,
to July 12, 1863, participating in the Manassas campaign
of the Army of the Potomac, and was engaged in the
action at Blackburn's Ford, July iS, 1861, and the first
battle of Pull Run, July 21, 1S61.
He was appointed second lieutenant of the First Wis-
consin Heavy Artillery July 13, 1863; promoted captain
September 13, 1864, and honorably mustered out June
26, 1865. lie became captain of the Sixth U. S. Vet-
eran Infantry August 9, 1865, and honorably mustered
out April 12, 1866. He then entered the regular ser-
vice as second lieutenant of the Thirty-third Infantry
March 7, [867, and served on special duty, constructing
McPherson Barracks, Alabama, to November, 1867;
thru at Huntsville, Tuscaloosa, Mobile, and Montgomery,
Alabama, to May, [869, when he was transferred to the
Eighth Infantry, and served at Fort Johnson, North Car-
olina; Columbia, South Carolina; and Raleigh, North
Carolina, to October 27, 1870, when he was ordered to
David's Island, New- York.
In July, 1872, the Eighth Infantry was transferred to
Dakota, and Lieutenant Ray participated with General
Stanley's first expedition to the Yellowstone in the
summei of that year. He was then stationed at Omaha
Barracks until May, 1873, when he took the field with
the second expedition of General Stanley to the Yellow-
stone. Serving then at Fort Russell until February 22,
1S74, he participated in an expedition against the Sioux
Indians, under General John E. Smith, until July of the
same year, and then the station of his regiment was
changed to Arizona. Lieutenant Ray was promoted
first lieutenant Dec. 31, 1875, and afterwards stationed
at Yuma Depot, Fort Lowell, and Fort Apache to 1878.
Lieutenant Ray was acting signal officer from May,
[881, to June, 1885. He was assigned to the command
of the International Polar Expedition to Point Barrow,
Alaska, June, 188] ; organizing and outfitting expedition
in San Francisco, California, to July, 1881 ; sailed from
San Francisco, California, and landed at Plover Bay,
Siberia, August 21, 1881, and at Point Barrow, Alaska,
September 8, I 88 1 ; established and commanded meteori <-
logical station at Uglaamie, Alaska, to August 22, 1883,
when the station was abandoned; dining 1882 and [883
he made two expeditions into the interior, travelling over
one thousand miles in an unexplored region with dogs
and sledge ; discovered anil partly surveyed Meade
River; sailed from Uglaamie, Alaska, August 23, 1883;
picked up Lieutenant Schwatka and party at Redoubt
Michaelofsky September 13, 1883; landed in San Fran-
ciseo, California, October 7, 1883, and disbanded the ex-
pedition ( Ictober 15, 1883. He was then on duty in the
office of the chief signal officer, Washington, D. C, pre-
paring report of the International Polar PLxpedition to
June, 1885. He was appointed United States delegate
to International Polar Congress at Vienna, Austria, from
March, 1884, to July, 1884, and on duty in Washington,
D. C, from July, 1884, to April, 1885.
As to Lieutenant Ray's Arctic work, it is believed that
more was accomplished than his instructions required.
( )f all the expeditions sent out by the United States gov-
ernment officially, his was the only one that passed two
years in the Arctic without losing a single life, or that
did not come to grief. In July, 1882, he personally
piloted through the moving pack, and safely brought
to land, the crew of the whaler " North Star" (fifty-two
officers and men), when that vessel was crushed in the
ice anil sunk six miles offshore.
In 1S.X5, Lieutenant Ray was stationed on the Pacific
coast, and served at various posts until the fall of 1886,
when he was transferred to the Department of the Platte;
was acting judge-advocate (captain) from April, 1887, un-
til 1891, then ordered to Fort Washakie, where he raised
the first Indian company of infantry.
He was promoted captain May 2J, I 88c;; was elected
Fellow of Royal Geographical Society in June. 1S84.
In January, 1S71, Lieutenant Ray, with six men of the
Eighth Infantry, while on duty at David's Island, New-
York, perilled their lives in a fearful storm to save the
lives of two citizens discovered helplessly drifting in the
vicinity of this island, and who, notwithstanding their in-
ability to return without assistance, knowing none could
be afforded at the time, still persevered, and succeeded in
the object for which they had endangered their lives, for
which a highly complimentary order was issued by the
commandant of the post.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
335
CAPTAIN ALLEN VISSCHER REED, U.S.N.
Captain Ai.i.en Visscher Reed was born at Oak
Mill, New York, July 12, 1838. When very young,
he moved to Lockport, New York, and resided there
till sixteen, receiving a primary-school education, supple-
mented by three years in the Union School, an academic
institution.
Graduated from Naval Academy 185S, number one of
the class, and received the first sword presented to a gradu-
ate, which was engraved, " The U. S. Naval Academy to
Allen V. Reed, as a testimony of highest academic merit."
Warranted midshipman ; joined the " Macedonian" at Key
West, where all available ships had reinforced the Home
Squadron on account of threatened trouble with Spain,
arising from filibustering expeditions to assist Cuban in-
surgents. Cruised in Mediterranean till May, 1860, when
ship returned, leaving him dangerously sick at Spezzia;
promoted to passed midshipman ; joined " Pawnee" as
watch-officer; promoted to master in February; transferred
to " Water-Witch" in March, as navigator and watch-
officer. The " Water-Witch" was ordered to Fort Pickens
when Sumter was invested, then joined Gulf Squadron.
Promoted to lieutenant April, 1861 ; joined " Colorado" on
blockading duty in September; transferred to " Potomac"
in December, and on detachment of Lieutenant-Com-
mander Kimberly was executive-officer for one year;
joined " Lackawanna," on the Mobile blockade, August,
1863 ; ordered North in November, and to "Tuscarora,"
North Atlantic Blockading Squadron, February, 1864.
The " Tuscarora" went out of commission in June, and
he took the crew by rail from Baltimore to the receiving-
ship at New York without losing a man, although it was
in the height of bounty -jumping. Joined the " Paw-
tuxet" and returned to the Wilmington blockade ; en-
gaged in both attacks on Fort Fisher, where, according
to the report of Admiral Porter, this vessel did good
service; in the second attack was in temporary command.
After Fort Fisher was captured, was in Cape Fear River
working through the obstructions there, at the bom-
bardment of Fort Anderson and to the capture of Wil-
mington. This river being cleared, the " Pawtuxet" was
ordered to the James River, where she co-operated with
the army in the vicinity of Fort Darling and Dutch Gap
Canal in the closing scenes of the war ; then he com-
manded the vessel for two months at various points on
the James till matters quieted down, when it went to
New York and out of commission.
Promoted to lieutenant-commander, 1865 ; joined
double-turreted iron-clad " Miantonomah" in September;
detached April, 1866; was assistant to executive-officer
at Norfolk Navy- Yard July to September ; then to " Re-
saca ;" ordered to North Pacific Station. On arrival at
Panama was detained there on account of the unsettled
state of affairs till yellow fever broke out, when ship went
north; stopped at San Francisco, but was hurried on to
Alaska to disinfect by freezing out. This fever was very
fatal, as the " Resaca" lost over one-seventh of her total
complement. At Sitka during winter of 1867; assisted
in the ceremonies transferring the territory to the United
States. " Resaca," being free from fever, returned south,
and he was transferred to " Saranac," and in January,
1869, to the " Jamestown ;" ordered home in July.
On shore duty at New York yard 1869-72, on receiv-
ing-ship, in equipment and navigation. Promoted com-
mander 1872; in command of "Kansas," 1872 to 1874,
connected with Nicaragua Surveying Expedition ; while
on this duty met the steamer " Virginius" at Aspinwall,
June, 1873, which it was claimed had been employed by
the insurgents in running arms into Cuba. The Span-
ish war-steamer " Bazan," in search of the " Virginius,"
arrived next day, and her captain inquired of Com-
mander Reed the status of the " Virginius," and informed
him that he would "resolutelyoppo.se" her departure.
On inquiry, the papers of the " Virginius" being found
regular and in order, he so informed the commander of
the " Bazan," and that he should afford her protection as
an American vessel. When the " Virginius" was ready
for sea, the " Kansas," with shotted guns, placed herself
between the two vessels, and so proceeded till the " Vir-
ginius" was well at sea and beyond the reach of the
" Bazan," when the "Kansas" returned to port and re-
sumed the duties of the canal survey.
From 1874 to 1880 in Hydrographic Office; after
September, 1875, as assistant hydrographer. Command-
ing "Alliance," North Atlantic Station, 1882-84; pro-
moted to captain Jul)-, 1884; commanding apprentice
training-ship" Minnesota," 1884-86; commanding" Rich-
mond," South Atlantic Station, 1888-90; command-
ant of the Pensacola Naval Station from December,
1890.
33*
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN GEORGE C. REMEY, U.S.N.
Captain George C. Remey is a native of Burlington,
Iowa, and was born on August 10, 1841. His father,
W. B. Remey, was a Kentuckian, while his mother, whose
maiden name was I lowland, was a native of Vermont.
Captain Remey graduated from the U. S. Naval Acad-
emy in June, 1S59, and immediately joined the U. S. flag-
ship " I lartford," — of New ( Irleans and Mobile fame, —
and sailed for the Asiatic Station. The " Hartford" re-
turned to the United States in December, 1861, and
Remey was at once ordered as executive-officer of the
" Marblehead," one of the gun-boats built in ninety days.
He served in the " Marblehead" until April, 1863, when
he was transferred to the " Canandaigua," steam-sloop,
as 1 xecutive-officer. During his service in the " Marble-
head" he commanded that vessel for a short period.
While attached to these two vessels he took part in
several engagements with the enemy's batteries. From
An- ust 23 to September 8, 1863, he commanded the
naval battery on Morris Island during the siege of Fort
Wagner and the bombardment of Fort Sumter. In the
night attack- on Sumter, September 8, he commanded the
second division of boats. The attack was a bold one,
and well pushed, but was unsuccessful, and resulted in
great loss in killed, wounded, and prisoners. Remey
landed on the fort, but his boat was sunk, and he was
made a prisoner.
Thirteen months were then passed by him in the jail
of Columbia, South Carolina, and a short time in the jail
of Charlotte, North Carolina, and in Libby Prison, in
Richmond, Virginia, from which latter point he was ex-
changed, and came North.
In February, 1865, he was ordered as the executive-
officer of the U. S. S. " I )e Soto," and from April, 1865,
to August, 1867, was executive-officer of the U. S. S.
" Mohongo," on the Pacific Station. Having accomplished
this long tour of service, he became instructor in gunnery
at the Naval Academy, and in 1869-70 was executive-
officer of the U. S. frigate " Sabine," on special service.
At the time of the expedition for the survey of the
Tehuantepec and Nicaragua routes for a canal in 1870-71,
Remey was one of the staff, being employed during the
intervals at the Naval Observatory.
For a few months of 1872 he commanded the U. S. S.
" Frolic," and from August of that year to May, 1873,
was upon staff-duty on board the U. S. flag-ship " Worces-
ter," of tile North Atlantic Squadron.
From 1874 to 1877 he was in the Bureau of Yards and
Docks, Navy Department, Washington, excepting three
months, during which he commanded the naval force
during the troubles upon the Rio Grande.
In 1877-78 he commanded the "Enterprise," North
Atlantic Station ; going from thence to Newport for tor-
pedo instruction. The course completed, he returned to
the Bureau of Yards and Docks, and in 1881 was ordered
as commander to the flag-ship " Lancaster," of the Euro-
pean Squadron, where he remained until 1883. Upon his
return he was ordered to the navy-yard at Washington,
during which time he received his promotion to a cap-
taincy. He served three years in this grade at the navy-
yard, Norfolk, Virginia, and was then, in November, 1889,
ordered to the command of the " Charleston," fitting out
at San Francisco. This fine ship, a protected cruiser of
modern type, with twin screws, two military masts, and
eight guns, has been, during this commission, the flag-
ship of Acting Rear-Admiral George Brown, and her
active service in connection with the Chilian business
made her name well known to the country at large.
Captain Remey's tour of duty on board the " Charles-
ton" expired before the settlement of the extraordinary
action of the Chilians. He was ret. lined in the command
while there was a prospect of hostile action; but that
period having passed, was relieved in regular course.
Captain Remey had a younger brother in the service,
E. W. Remey, who rose to the rank of lieutenant, and was
a most capable and energetic officer, liked by all witli
whom he came in contact, whether officer or man. He
graduated at the Naval Academy in the class of 1S67.
Another brother is Colonel W. B. Remey, of the U.S.
Marine Corps, who has been the judge-advocate-general
of the navy for a number of years.
Captain Remey is a Companion of the Military Order
of the Loyal Legion, and was made a Knight Companion
of the Royal Order of Kalakaua by his late Majesty King
Kalakaua, of the Hawaiian Islands. It is well, in this
connection, to state that no foreign order can be accepted
by an American without permission of Congress. Cap-
tain Remey's connection with the political disturbances
in Hawaii renders his recognition in this manner quite
proper.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
337
COLONEL WM. B. REMEY, U.S.M.C. (retired).
Colonel Wm. B. Remey is a native of Iowa, and en-
tered the Marine Corps as second lieutenant in Novem-
ber, 1S61, when the whole country was in a ferment, and
all the young men, North and South, were taking up
arms. During the years 1862-63 ne performed his first
service in the " Sabine," a well-known frigate of the old
school.
After receiving promotion to be first lieutenant, he was
ordered to the navy-yard at Norfolk, where he was sta-
tioned during 1864 and a part of 1865, a period when
vigilance on the part of the marine guard was particularly
necessary.
For two years after this he served in the " Yander-
bilt," in the Pacific. Upon his return home his orders
changed rapidly. He was on board the " North Caro-
lina" and the " New Hampshire," receiving-ships ; at
the marine barracks at Philadelphia ; on special duty at
Washington ; and at head-quarters at Washington.
He was commissioned captain in 1872, and was
ordered to the frigate " Colorado," of the North Atlantic
Squadron. In 1875 he returned to head-quarters, being
soon after detailed as fleet-marine-officer of the South
Pacific Station. There he remained until 1876, when he
was ordered to the same position on the South Atlantic
Station. He came home in 1S77, and was attached to
the Norfolk Navy- Yard during 1X7S. In 1880 he be-
came the acting judge-advocate-general of the United
States Navy, with the rank of colonel, from June, 1880.
In this position he continued to serve until May, 1892,
having been the law-officer of the department for four-
teen years, during which time he won many friends, not
only in the service itself, but among those having busi-
ness with the department, owing to his devotion to the
duties of his office and the signal ability with which he
accomplished the immense amount of work devolving
upon him. By assiduous study and industry he became
thoroughly able to decide questions of naval law as well
as to advise competently in the large contracts for build-
ing, in which the Navy Department was engaged.
During his administration of the office of judge-advo-
cate he gained the respect and esteem of all the different
secretaries under whom he served. Personally a very
genial and companionable man, it was with unfeigned
regret and sorrow that his friends learned, in May, 1S92,
that his health had suddenly and utterly broken down.
In consequence of this state of things he was retired on
June 4, 1892, with the full rank of colonel.
43
338
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NA VY (regular)
COLONEL JOHN F. REYNOLDS, U.S.A. (deceased).
Colonel John F. Reynolds was born in Pennsyl-
vania, and graduated at the Military Academy Julv i,
[841. 1 le was promoted brevet second lieutenant Third
Artillery the same day ; second lieutenant October 23,
1841 ; first lieutenant June 18, 1 S46, and captain March 3,
1855. lie served at Fort McHenry, Maryland; Fort
Pickens, Florida; Fort Marion, Florida, and Fort Moul-
trie, South Carolina, until 1845, when he participated in
the military occupation of Texas in 1845-46, and in the
war with Mexico, 1846-4S, being engaged in the defence
of Fort Brown, Texas ; battle of Monterey and battle of
Buena Vista, for which he was brevctted, for " gallant
and meritorious conduct," captain September 23, 1S46,
in the battle of Monterey, and major February 2^, 1847,
in the battle of Buena Vista, Mexico.
After the war closed, he was in garrison at Fort Trum-
bull, Connecticut; Fort Preble, Maine; Fort Adams,
Rhode Island (as regimental quartermaster), to 1852.
He was aide-de-camp to Major-General Twiggs to
November 30, 1853, and then at Forts Lafayette and
Wood, New York, until 1854, when he participated in
the march to Salt Lake City, Utah, 1S54-55. Upon his
promotion to a captaincy he was ordered to Fort Yuma,
and subsequently served at Benicia and Fort Oxford
during 1855-56. He participated in the Rogue River
Expedition of 1856, and was engaged in several skir-
mishes with Oregon Indians. He was transferred to
Fort Monroe in 1856, and served there until 1858, when
he was ordered on frontier duty at Fort Leavenworth,
Kansas, subsequently joining in the Utah Expedition of
1858-59, after which he took part in the march to the
Columbia River in 1S59, ar»d was stationed at Fort Van-
couver, Washington, during 1859-60. He was at the
Military Academy as commandant of cadets (ex-officio
lieutenant-colonel), and instructor of artillery, infantry,
and cavalry tactics, from September 8, i860, to June 25,
1861.
He was appointed lieutenant-colonel of the Fourteenth
Infantry May 14, 1861, and was in command of his regi-
ment at Fort Trumbull, Connecticut, from Jul)' 6 to
September 8, 1861. Having been appointed brigadier-
general of volunteers, August 20, 1861, he was in com-
mand of a brigade of the Pennsylvania Reserve Corps,
on the right of the lines before Washington City, from
September 16, 1X61, to June 9, 1862, when he joined in
the Virginia Peninsula campaign with the Army of the
Potomac, and was engaged in the battles of Mechanics-
ville, June 26; Gaines' Mill, June 27, and Glendale,
June 30, 1862, where he was captured, and remained as
prisoner-of-war until the 8th of August following. On
rejoining the army he was assigned to the command of
a division, participating in the Northern Virginia cam-
paign, and engaged in the second battle of Bull Run
August 29-30, 1862.
General Reynolds was placed in command of the
Pennsylvania Volunteer Militia, in defence of the State,
during the Maryland campaign, from September 14 to 26,
1862, and, upon being relieved, Governor Curtin, Sep-
tember 26, 1862, tendered him his thanks, in behalf of
the State of Pennsylvania, in the following terms:
"Having relieved you from duty as commander of the
Pennsylvania Volunteer Militia, recently called for the
defence of the State, I deem it proper to express my
strong sense of the gratitude which Pennsylvania owes
for the zeal, spirit, and ability which you brought to her
service at a period when her honor and safety were
threatened. That for her security you left the command
of your brave division, the Pennsylvania Reserves, thus
losing the opportunity of leading this gallant corps at
South Mountain and the Antietam, is a just demonstration
of the true affection you bear for your native State, which,
be assured, her freemen reciprocate, and for which, in their
behalf, I am happy to make you this acknowledgment."
General Reynolds was appointed major-general of
volunteers November 29, 1862, and was assigned to the
command of the First Corps, Army of the Potomac,
participating in the Rappahannock campaign, and en-
gaged in the battles of Fredericksburg, December 13,
1862, and Chancellorsville (in reserve), May 2-4, 1863.
He was promoted colonel of the Fifth U. S. Infantry
June 1, 1863. He participated in the Pennsylvania cam-
paign, June and July, 1863, and, while in command of
the engaged forces at the opening of the battle of Get-
tysburg, while urging on his men with animating words,
was killed Jul)- 1, 1863, at the age of forty-two years.
He was struck with a rifle-shot that caused almost instant
death, — a grievous loss to the Army of the Potomac, one
of whose most distinguished and best-beloved officers he
was.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
339
LIEUTENANT-COMMANDER WILLIAM WARLAND
RHOADES, U.S.N.
Lieutenant-CommanderWilliamWarland Rhoades
was born in Boston, Massachusetts, October 2, 1837. He
was appointed an acting ensign in the navy on August
19, 1S64. He was ordered to the frigate " Susquehanna,"
and was present during the attacks upon Fort Fisher,
December 24 and 25, 1S64, and January 13 and 15,
1865. Commodore Godon, who commanded the divi-
sion, as well as the " Susquehanna," reported to Admiral
Porter : " From my position on the wheel-house, over-
looking my entire batter)-, I had every officer and man
under my observation, and I have sincere pleasure in
testifying to the fine bearing, zeal, and gallantry of the
division officers, and of Acting Ensign Rhoades, of the
First Division."
On January 15 the "Susquehanna" landed a body of
about one hundred sailors and marines, for the assault
upon Fort Fisher, under Lieutenant-Commander Blake,
Lieutenant Bartlett, and Acting Ensign Rhoades. Lieu-
tenant-Commander Blake's report states : " I sent Mr.
Rhoades, with ten men, to report to Lieutenant Preston,
who was engaged at the front in digging rifle-pits. Mr.
Rhoades rendered most valuable service in the rifle-pits,
which were dug under the fire of the enemy's sharp-
shooters, and occasionally a discharge of grape, and
when the army made the assault, accompanied by one
brave fellow, James Shannon, he followed into the fort.
Shannon carried a flag and placed it on the parapet."
Immediately after the capture of the fort the ships'
boats returned to their respective vessels, leaving Acting
Ensign Rhoades with the army. He reported to General
Terry, and during the night was placed on picket-duty
with the troops. On the following morning, by order of
the general, he went into the fort to collect the stragglers
from the navy, and, as he was passing out with these men,
was thrown violently to the ground by the concussion
caused by the explosion of the magazine of the fort, by
which over two hundred men lost their lives.
Acting Ensign Rhoades was promoted to acting mas-
ter April 2, 1866, and was commissioned as ensign in the
navy March 12, 18G8, being one of the sixty-four who
qualified, before the Board of Examiners, out of three
hundred and five applicants. Ensign Rhoades reached
the grade of lieutenant-commander in February, 1884.
lie has served in the following-named United States
vessels-of-war : "Savannah," "Susquehanna," " Nipsic,"
" Pensacola," " Independence," " Cyane," " Resaca,"
"Powhatan," "Kansas," " Ossipee," "Sabine," " Maho-
pac," "Jamestown," and " Dale."
During the time he was attached to the " Ossipee," the
steamer " Virginius," while being towed and manned by
a crew from the " Ossipee," foundered off Frying-Pan
Shoals. When it was discovered that she was sinking,
he immediately called for a volunteer crew for the ship's
cutter, and went to the rescue of his shipmates. He
rescued forty-five officers and men ; the execution of this
necessitated him to make five trips, because of the heavy
gale and rough sea it was unsafe to bring off more than
nine persons at any one trip of the cutter.
He has served as a member of two Nicaraguan sur-
veying expeditions ; also in charge of the Bellevue mag-
azine, and had instruction at the Torpedo Station. He
is now United States light-house inspector, Thirteenth
District.
34Q
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN AND BREVET LIEUTENANT-COLONEL
EDMUND RICE, U.S.A.
Captain and Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel Edmund
Rice (Fifth Infantry) was born in Cambridge, Massachu-
setts, December 2, 1842. He is descended from Edmund
Rice (born 1594), of Berkhamstead, County of Hertford-
shire, England, who came to this country and settled in
Sudbury, Massachusetts, in 1639. Several of his de-
scendants were engaged in Indian and French colonial
wars, and during the Revolution many of their children
fought at Lexington, Concord, Bunker Hill, Bennington,
Crown Point, and in other battles of the war. Two of
his ancestors, Major Nathan Rice, of Sturbridge, Massa-
chusetts, and Lieutenant Oliver Rice, of Sudbury, Mas-
sachusetts, were original members of the Massachusetts
Society of Cincinnati. His grandfather, Edmund Rice,
was an officer of the war of 1 Si 2. The subject of this
sketch was educated at Norwich University, Vermont,
which conferred on him the degree of Bachelor of Arts.
His first active service was in driving off pirates from
the ship " Snow-Squall" while it was becalmed in the
China Sea in 1859. From his knowledge of gunnery he-
was given charge of one of the small swivels with which
the ship was provided; by judiciously charging it with
lead pipe and nails the attack was repulsed.
At the age of nineteen he entered the volunteer service
as captain of the first Fourteenth Massachusetts Infan-
try April 27, 1 86 1, and remained with it until disbanded
in June following. He immediate!}' re-entered as captain
of the Twentieth Massachusetts, and was captain of the
Nineteenth Massachusetts Infantry July 25, 1861, rising
in the grade of major and lieutenant-colonel to that of
colonel of the same regiment in Jul}-, 1864.
Colonel Rice served in the field with the Army of the
Potomac, and was engaged in the battles of Ball's Bluff,
Myron's Mills, siege of Yorktown, West Point, Fair
Oaks, Oak Grove, Peach Orchard, Allen's Farm, Savage
Station, White Oak Swamp, Glendale (commanding regi-
ment), Malvern Hill, second Malvern Hill, Bull Run,
Fairfax Court-House, South Mountain, and Antictam,
where he was severely wounded.
He rejoined his regiment at Falmouth, and engaged
in the second attack on Fredericksburg, and action at
Thoroughfare Gap, battle of Gettysburg (wounded twice),
in the repulse of Pickett's charge.
On this occasion, when a portion of Webb's men gave
way and the rebels were cxultingly sweeping through
our line, he had the honor to lead the counter-charge,
which resulted in their overthrow. In the hand-to-hand
conflict that followed, Colonel Rice was twice severely
wounded and fell inside their lines, the foremost man in
the Union line at that point. A large number of those
shot on both sides had their clothes burned by the dis-
charge of the guns, so near were the men together.
He was presented by Congress with a medal of honor
for leading the advance of his regiment, and the Forty-
second New York, in the charge made to repel Pickett's
assault. " The Congress to Lieutenant-Colonel Edmund
Rice, Nineteenth Massachusetts Volunteers, for conspicu-
ous bravery on the third day of the battle of Gettysburg."
Colonel Rice commanded his regiment in the Rapidan
and in the Richmond campaigns, and was engaged in
the battles of Bristoe Station, Blackburn's Ford, Robin-
son's Cross-Roads, Mine Run, the Wilderness, Spottsyl-
vania, Laurel Hill, and was captured in the assault at the
death angle, Spottsylvania, on the morning of the 1 2th
of May, 1864, and in North Carolina, while being con-
vex ed South, escaped by cutting through the door of a
freight car in which the prisoners were confined, and
jumping from it while the train was under full headway,
reached the Union lines near the Ohio River, after trav-
elling twenty-three nights (resting by day), having walked
between three and four hundred miles.
Colonel Rice rejoined his regiment in front of Peters-
burg in August, 1864, and participated in the closing
scenes of the war, being engaged in the battles of Second
Deep Bottom, Weldon Railroad, Ream's Station, Second
Hatcher's Run, and present at the surrender of Lee's
army.
On the 28th of Jul}-, 1866, Colonel Rice was ap-
pointed first lieutenant in the Fortieth U. S. Infantry,
and was brevetted captain, major, and lieutenant-colonel
U.S.A., for gallant and meritorious services in action.
He was assigned to the Fifth Infantry in 1871, and
promoted captain March 10, 1SS3. He is at present
commandant of the Columbian Guard, World's Col-
umbian Exposition, at Chicago.
Colonel Rice is the inventor of the celebrated " stack-
ing swivel and knife-intrenching bayonet," of which ten
thousand were ordered by the government.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
34 1
CHAPLAIN I. NEWTON RITNER, U.S.A.
Chaplain I. Newton Ritner, son of George A. and
Mary T. Ritner, was born in Chester Count)', Pennsyl-
vania, February 22, 1841. In April, 1850, he removed
to Juniata County, where outside of school hours and
during vacations he clerked in a store and transacted the
business of various offices of responsibility. Before he
was eighteen years old he taught, with signal ability, one
of the largest public schools in that count}-, and two
years later became associate principal of a select acad-
emy.
While thus engaged he enlisted, September 3, 1861,
as private in Company I, Forty-ninth Pennsylvania Vol-
unteers, and was soon afterwards promoted to sergeant.
He passed through the entire Peninsula campaign with
the Army of the Potomac, to which his regiment be-
longed, including the battle of Williamsburg, the siege
of Yorktown, the action at Golding's Farm, the engage-
ments at White Oak Swamp, and Malvern Hills, and the
general vicissitudes of the " Seven Days' retreat."
While at Harrison's Landing he was prostrated by the
prevailing fever, the result of constant exposure in the
line of duty, and in August, 1862, was ordered to his
native State on recruiting service. While thus engaged
at Lewistown he secured an unusually large number of
recruits, and was commissioned second lieutenant of
Company A. Early in December he was promoted to
first lieutenant and ordered to Harrisburg, to superintend
the payment of bounty to volunteers and substitutes.
Soon after this he was made adjutant of " Camp Curtin,"
and, when it became necessary to cut off all communi-
cation with the camp on account of the ravages of the
small-pox, he was placed in command. Under his per-
sonal supervision the process of renovation was prose-
cuted with such vigor and thoroughness, that within
three weeks the entire camp had been purified, the
disease eradicated, the convalescents transferred to iso-
lated quarters, and the quarantine removed.
On January 27, 1863, he was appointed adjutant Vol-
unteer Recruiting Service for the State of Pennsylvania,
and filled that office with exceptional efficiency until
November 27, 1863, when, because of the depletion and
consolidation of his regiment, he was honorably mus-
tered out as a supernumerary officer. In recognition of
his special fidelity he was commissioned captain by
brevet " for faithful and meritorious services during the
war."
While arranging for immediate return to active service
in the field, he visited his parents in Philadelphia, and
while there was persuaded to accept the appointment
as chief clerk of recruiting service, which had been prof-
fered by Major C. C. Gilbert, acting assistant provost-
marshal general, Eastern Division, Pennsylvania. He
resigned this position in November, 1864, and accepted a
clerkship under Major W. B. Lane, chief marshal and
division officer, under whom he had served at Harris-
burg, and was placed in charge of the disbursing records
of that office. Having completed this work in March,
1 866, he resigned and settled in Philadelphia, where he
engaged as a book-keeper, and subsequently as the
manager of a large sewing-machine office, the business
of which increased sevenfold under his administration.
In November, 1873, in compliance with an intense con-
viction, he withdrew from secular pursuits, and on the
12th of the succeeding February was ordained as a
gospel minister in the denomination (Baptist) to which he
belonged. At the time of this change he was offered,
with an enticing salary, the general management of a
prominent manufacturing establishment, which he de-
clined, and ten days after his ordination he entered upon
the pastorate of the Eleventh Baptist Church, where he
labored for nearly eighteen years until September 3,
1 89 1, when he started for Fort Niagara, New York, as
an army chaplain, having been appointed to that office
July 20. After seven months' temporary service at
Niagara, he was transferred to Fort Keogh, Montana,
where he now is, having arrived there April 1 1, 1892.
While in civil life Chaplain Ritner was frequently hon-
ored by his denomination, having in 1882 been elected
moderator of the oldest and largest (Philadelphia) Bap-
tist association in the United States, of which body,
also, he had been associate clerk for thirteen years. For
nearly eighteen years he was secretary of the " Phila-
delphia Conference of Baptist Ministers ;" for five years
secretary of the " American Baptist Historical Society ;"
and for long terms served as a member of the board of
managers of four of the leading denominational soci-
eties ; and this, in addition to his duties as chaplain of
George G. Meade Post 1, G. A. R., of Philadelphia, for
the nine years preceding his present appointment.
342
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (.recula
R)
CAPTAIN HF.NRY P. RITZIUS, U.S.A.
Captain Henry P. Ritzius (Twenty-fifth Infantry) was
born in Prussia on January 3, 1839. Early in the war <>f
the Rebellion he entered the volunteer service as private of
Company A, Fifth New York State Militia, May 1, 1861,
and was honorably discharged, after serving in the defences
< if Washington, August 7, 1861. He re-entered the vol-
unteer service as first sergeant of Company G, Fifty-
second New York Infantry, September 17, [86l,and was
discharged June 30, 1862, in order to accept the appoint-
ment of second lieutenant in the same regiment, in which
he was promoted first lieutenant August 23, 1862, and
captain September 16, 1863. lie was honorably mustered
( nit August 2, 1 864, but was appointed major of the Fifty-
second New York Infantry December 8, 1864, and was
promoted lieutenant-colonel of the same regiment in May,
1S65, but was not mustered as such, owing to the regi-
ment being reduced below the number of men required.
He served in the field with the Army of the Potomac
in the Peninsula campaign, and was engaged in the battles
of Fair Oaks, Peach Orchard, Savage Station, White Oak
Swamp, and Malvern Hill, Virginia; in the Maryland
campaign and engaged in the battle of Antietam, and the
march of the army back to the Rappahannock River; in
the Rappahannock campaign, and engaged in the battles
of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, Virginia ; in the
Pennsylvania campaign, and engaged in the battle of Get-
tysburg, Pennsylvania; in the operations at Mine Run,
Virginia; in the Richmond campaign, and engaged in the
battles of the Wilderness, Po River, Spottsylvania, North
Anna, Tolopotomy, Cold Harbor, siege of Petersburg,
action of Straw-berry Plains, and battles of Deep Bottom
and Ream's Station, Virginia.
Captain Ritzius was provost-marshal of the First Divi-
sion of the Second Corps from September, 1862, to March,
1 863. He was honorably mustered out of the Pifty-second
New York Jul}- 1, 1865, and was appointed first lieuten-
ant Seventh U. S. Veteran Infantry (Hancock's Corps)
August 10, 1S65, and served with his company and on
court-martial duty at Philadelphia, Fort Delaware, and
Harrisburg to April 30, 1866, when he was honorably
mustered out of the volunteer service.
On October 23, 1867, he entered the regular service as
second lieutenant of the Thirty-ninth Infantry, and served
in Louisiana, Texas, Dakota, ami Montana. On the con-
solidation of regiments, Captain Ritzius was transferred
to the Twenty-fifth Infantry April 20, 1869, promoted
first lieutenant March 3, 1875, and captain September 1,
1887. His present station is at Fort Missoula, Montana.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
343
COLONEL AND BREVET BRIGADIER-GENERAL
JOSEPH ROBERTS, U.S.A. (retired).
Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-General Joseph
Roberts was born in Delaware, and graduated from
the Military Academy July i, 1835. Lie was promoted
brevet second lieutenant Fourth Artillery the same day,
second lieutenant June 10, 1836, first lieutenant July 7,
1838, and captain Fourth Artillery August 20, 184S.
He served at Fort Hamilton in 1835-36, and then took
part in the operations in the Creek Nation in the latter
year. He participated in the Florida War in 1836-37,
being captain of a regiment of Mounted Creek Volun-
teers September 1 to November 13, 1836. He was on
duty at the Military Academy, as assistant professor of
natural and experimental philosophy, from September
29, 1837, to September 1, 1839, and as principal assist-
ant professor of the same branch until August 17,
1849.
He afterwards participated in the Florida hostilities
against the Seminole Indians, and was in garrison at Key
Wist, Florida, until 1850; at Fort Mifflin, Pennsylvania,
until 1853, when he was ordered to Ringgold Barracks,
Texas, where he remained until 1855. He was then
transferred to Fort Wood, New York, and again sent
to Ringgold Barracks, Texas, in 1856, but was shortly
changed to stations in Florida, serving at Forts McRea,
Jupiter, and Capron, and engaged in hostilities against
the Seminole Indians until 1857. His field of duty was
changed to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, in 1857, and
he served at Platte Bridge, Nebraska, during 185S-59,
after which he was detailed on recruiting service to
recruit a company for the Artillery School.
From 1859 to j 86 1 Captain Roberts was in garrison
at Fort Monroe, Virginia (Artillery School of Practice),
being a member of the board to arrange the programme
of instruction for the school.
lie served during the war of the Rebellion from
1861-65. He was promoted major of the Fourth Ar-
tillery September 3, 1861, and was in command of Fort
Monroe, Virginia, from October 19, 1861, to September
13, 1862; then was chief of artillery of the Seventh Army
Corps to March 19, 1863, when he was appointed colo-
nel of the Third Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery, and pro-
moted lieutenant-colonel of the Fourth U. S. Artillery
August 1 1, 1863.
Colonel Roberts was in command of Fort Monroe
from June 10, 1863, to November 9, 1865, and at the
close of the war was brevetted colonel March 13, 1865,
and brevet brigadier-general of volunteers April 9, 1865,
for faithful and meritorious services during the Rebellion.
He was also brevetted brigadier-general United States
Army March 13, 1865, for faithful and distinguished
services during the Rebellion. He was mustered out of
the volunteer service Nov. 9, 1865, and assigned to the
command of Fort McHenry, Maryland, continuing there
in garrison until Nov. 16, 1866, when he was detailed on
court-martial duty at Washington, D. C, to April 30, 1867.
General Roberts performed the duties of acting assist-
ant inspector-general of the Department of Washington
from May 1, 1867, to April 1, 1868. He was then as-
signed as superintendent of theoretical instruction at
the Artillery School, Fort Monroe, and occupied this
position until February 14, 1877. He was promoted
colonel of the Fourth Artillery January 10, 1877, and
retired from active service July 2, 1877, being at the
time on duty at the Presidio of San Francisco.
General Roberts is the author of " Hand-Book of
Artillery," 1861.
344
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NA VY (regular)
MAJOR-GENhRAL JOHN C. ROBINSON. U.S.A.
(retired).
Major- General John C. Robinson was born in New-
York. He was a cadet at the U. S. Military Academy
from July i, 1835, to March 14,1838. He was appointed
second lieutenant of the Fifth Infantry October 27, 1S39.
He served at Madison Barracks, New York, to May,
1840, and at Green Bay, Wisconsin, to 1841, when he
was en route to Florida. After serving at Fort Brady
and at Mackinac, Michigan, until 1845, he joined the
Army of Occupation of Mexico, and was at Corpus
Christi, Texas, to September, 1845. He participated in
the Mexican war, and was engaged at Palo Alto, Resaca
de la Raima, and Monterey, and then on the march to
and occupation of the City of Mexico via Saltillo, Point
Isabel, and Vera Cruz. He was promoted first lieutenant
June 1 8, 1846. While in Mexico, Lieutenant Robinson
applied for the appointment of assistant quartermaster.
His application was indorsed by General Worth as
follows :
" I take special pleasure in cordially recommending
Lieutenant Robinson as qualified in every respect In-
habits, services in the field, experience in the department,
and gallant conduct in action, for the appointment he
desires. Indeed, I know of no young officer with higher
claims or better qualifications.
"(Signed) W. S. Worth,
" Brevet Brigadier-General, Commanding Division"
After the war rinsed, Lieutenant Robinson was sta-
tioned at Fort Smith, Arkansas, and Fort Gibson, C. N.,
in 1848-50, at which time he was promoted captain.
After two years' recruiting duty he was commanding
recruits for the Seventh Infantry, en route from Fort
Columbus, New York, via Newport, Kentucky, to Roil
Arbuckle, C. N., in the fall of 1852. He then joined
his company at Phantom Hill, Texas, and was engaged
against hostile Indians in 1853-54. He then served at
various stations in the West until the commencement of
the war of the Rebellion, when he was employed on
mustering tint)- until September, 1861. He was pro-
moted major of the Second Infantry February 20, 1862,
and appointed brigadier-general of volunteers April 28,
1S62.
General Robinson participated in the campaigns of
the Army of the Potomac, ami was engaged in the
battles of Peach Orchard, Savage Station, Glendale,
Malvern Hill, action of Bristoe Station, battles of second
Bull Run, Chantilly, and Fredericksburg. He was also
at the battles of second Fredericksburg, Chancellors-
ville, and Gettysburg, operations at Mine Run, action of
Mitchell's Station, battles of the Wilderness, Spottsyl-
vania, and Todd's Tavern, and, while leading his division,
was wounded in the knee, resulting in the loss of his
left leg.
At the battle of Glendale, General Robinson's brigade-
repulsed repeated attacks of a superior force. The fol-
lowing is an extract from General Kearney's report :
" I have reserved General Robinson for the last. To
him this day is due above all others in this division the
honors of this battle. The attack was on his wing.
Everywhere present, by personal supervision and noble
example, he secured to us the honor of victory. . . . Our
loss has been severe, and when it is remembered that this
occurs to mere skeletons of regiments, there is but one
observation to be made, that previous military history
presents no such parallel."
Extract from a letter of Major-General G. K. Warren
to the adjutant-general U. S. Army, dated April 16, 1S66,
relating to Spottsylvania Court-House :
" In the flank movement to the left, begun at dark of
the 7th of May, the Fifth Corps again had the lead, with
General Robinson's division in the advance. Delayed as
we were by darkness and bad roads, crowded with troops,
until it was probable the enemy had anticipated us in
reaching the desired point, yet urged by the importance
of time to our success, General Robinson marched rapidly
on, driving the light troops of the enemy before him, till
charging directly the desired position, himself animating
the advance by leading in person, he fell dangerously
wounded, and his command was repulsed by the opposing
infantry, already arrayed in strong force."
At the close of the war General Robinson was bre-
vetted lieutenant-colonel, colonel, brigadier-general, and
major-general, U. S. Army, for " gallant and meritorious
services in action."
General Robinson served in North Carolina, 1866, and
other like duties in 1867-68, ami was commanding the
Department of the Lakes. Retired from active service,
with the rank- of major-general. May 6, 1869.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
345
COMMANDER C. H. ROCKWELL, U.S.N.
Commander C. II. Rockwell was born in Chatham,
Massachusetts, April 29, 1840, and entered the naval
service as acting master July 5, 1862. Attached to the
" North Carolina," and then ordered to the steamer
" Penguin," East Gulf Squadron, as executive-officer. In
May, 1863, ordered to the U. S. schooner "Wanderer."
In July of the same year he was ordered to command the
U. S. schooner "Two Sisters." During the time he held
this command active and important services were per-
formed on the west coast of Florida, calling forth a com-
mendatory letter from the commander-in-chief, who
recommended Rockwell for promotion. On December
16, 1863, the Navy Department promoted him to acting
volunteer lieutenant, "in consideration of good service,"
and a few days afterwards Lieutenant Rockwell was de-
tached from the "Two Sisters" and ordered to com-
mand the bark " Gem of the Sea." This command he
retained until November, [864, when he was ordered to
the command of the U. S. steamer " Hendrick Hudson."
While in this command, and of the force blockading St.
Mark's, Florida, he organized and directed an expedition
against rebel salt-works, dispersing the armed force at
the entrance of the river, and destroying a large amount
of property. This called forth another letter of commen-
dation from the commander-in-chief. On February 22,
1 865, an expedition under Brigadier-General John Newton
was organized to operate about St. Mark's, and at the
request of General Newton, Lieutenant Rockwell was
ordered to the expedition as naval aid on the staff of
the general, being placed in charge of the transporta-
tion of the troops. The forces landed at St. Mark's,
and had an engagement at Newport, followed by a bloody
battle at Natural Bridge, eight miles below Tallahassee.
Upon the return of the expedition, Lieutenant Rockwell
received a letter of thanks for his services from General
Newton. He resumed command of the "Hendrick
Hudson," and on March 27, 1865, was promoted to the
grade of acting volunteer lieutenant-commander. Re-
mained in command until August 8, 1865, when he was
granted four months' leave of absence, and was honor-
ably discharged from the naval service December 8, 1865.
In November, 1866, Lieutenant-Commander Rockwell
was examined for the regular service, and appointed
acting master at once. He served for nearly a year on
board the " Osceola," in the West Indies, and then went
to Brazil as a passenger in the " Idaho," joined the flag-
ship " Guerriere," and served in her until her return
home in July, 1869. In 1868 he was made master, and
in December of the same year commissioned as lieuten-
ant. After a short service in the receiving-ship " Van-
dalia," at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, he was ordered
to the U. S. S, " Palos," and proceeded in her to China,
commanding her until October, 1872, when he returned
to the United States in the " Alaska." During his com-
mand of the " Palos" participated in the actions with the
Corean forts, in Admiral John Rodgers'.s expedition.
From March, 1873, to September, 1874, he was on duty
at the Portsmouth Navy-Yard; then served some months
on the " Plymouth" and " Colorado," and in June, 1875,
became light-house inspector of the Fourteenth District.
On June 1, 1 S76, was ordered as executive-officer of the
U. S. S. " Adams." On February 26, 1878, was promoted
to lieutenant-commander, and served at the Torpedo
School. In May, 1878, joined the "Jamestown" as ex-
ecutive, and served in Alaska in that ship until Septem-
ber, [88l. Then he was on duty at the Boston Navy-
Yard until October, 1882. In 1 883 attached to the re-
ceiving-ship " Franklin," at Norfolk, Virginia. In Sept.,
1584, took a large draft of men to the Isthmus for the
Pacific Squadron. Was at the Torpedo School again in
1585, and at the War College. From April, [886, to Oct.,
1SS8, served on the training-ship "Minnesota," at New
York. On Oct. 31, 1888, was promoted to commander,
and in Feb., 1889, took command of U. S. S. " Yantic."
Commander Rockwell is at present in command of
the receiving-ship "St. Louis," at the navy-yard, League
Island, Pennsylvania.
44
54^
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
COLONEL AND BREVET BRIGADIER-GENERAL THE-
OPHILUS FRANCIS RODENBOUGH. U.S.A.
(retired).
Colonel and Brevet Brigadier -General Tiie-
ophilus Francis Rodenbough was born at Easton,
Pennsylvania, November 5, 1838. He attended pri-
vate schools, had special tutors, and took a course of
mathematics and English literature at Lafayette College
(I856-57).
Upon the outbreak of the war for the Union, Presi-
dent Lincoln appointed him (March 27, 1861) a sec-
ond lieutenant in the Second U. S. Dragoons. Heserved
(1861-62) as post adjutant and quartermaster U. S. Cavalry
School of Practice, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, and with his
regiment in all the campaigns of the Army of the Potomac
(1862-64).
lie was promoted first lieutenant in 1861, and captain
Jul}- 17, 1802; he was slightly wounded and had two
horses shot under him at Beverly Ford, Virginia, June
9, 1863, the great cavalry fight in which nearly twenty
thousand Union and Confederate cavalry crossed sabres.
He commanded his regiment at Gettysburg, having two
horses killed during the campaign ; was severely wounded
at Trevilian Station, Virginia, June 11, 1864, and, while
in command of his regiment, lost his right arm and had
his horse killed at the battle of the ( Ipequan, Virginia,
September 19, 1864; after which General Sheridan made
the following recommendation: "I have the honor to
request the promotion of the following-named officers:
Captain T. F. Rodenbough, Second U.S. Cavalry, to the
rank' of brevet brigadier-general for gallant and meritori-
ous conduct at Trevilian Station, June n, 1864, at which
engagement he was wounded while charging at the head
of his regiment. At the battle of Opequan he was again
wounded (losing his arm) while charging at the head of
his regiment. He is a gallant and meritorious young
officer, and would do honor to the grade asked for
him."
Upon the recommendation of General Sheridan, he was
granted leave of absence from the regular army to accept
the colonelcy of the Eighteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry,
and in July, 1865, by direction of the President, was spe-
cially assigned, with the rank of brigadier-general, to com-
mand a brigade (consisting of regulars and volunteers)
and the District of Clarksburg, West Virginia. He was
honorably mustered out of the volunteer service October
31, 1865. He served during the winter of 1865 as in-
spector-general " U. S. forces in Kansas and the Terri-
tories," with head-quarters at Fort Leavenworth, and,
later, with the Second Cavalry at Fort Ellsworth,
Kansas.
Upon the reorganization of the army he was appointed
major (July 28, 1866) of the Forty-second U. S. Infantry,
commanding it and the posts of Plattsburg and Madison
Barrack's, New York-, 1866-69 ; and also serving on vari-
ous boards: for the selection of a magazine-gun, the ex-
amination of officers, and the investigation of the case of
the first colored cadet at West Point.
He received brevets to the rank of brigadier-general
U. S. Army, "for gallant and meritorious services" at
the battles, respectively, of Trevilian Station, Opequan,
Todd's Tavern, and Cold Harbor, Virginia, and was, at
his own request, retired from active service, December
15, 1870, "with full rank (colonel of cavalry) of the com-
mand held when wounded."
In recommending this officer for his highest brevet,
General Sheridan wr< >te to the War Department as follows :
" Colonel Rodenbough was one of the most gallant and
valuable young officers under 1113- command in the Cav-
alry Corps, Army of the Potomac. He was constantly
in the field with his regiment, the Second U. S. Cavalry
(a portion of the time in command of it), from the spring
of 1S62 up to the time of his being wounded, while
gallantly leading his regiment at the battle of Opequan,
September [9, 1S64."
After retirement, General Rodenbough was deputy
governor of the U. S. Soldiers' Home, Washington, I). C,
1 870—7 1 ; general eastern agent of the Pullman Car Com-
pany, 1872-73 ; associate editor Army and Navy Journal,
1876-77; corresponding secretary, Society of the Army
of the Potomac, 1878; secretary and editor of the Journal
(1878-90) and vice-president (1891-93) Military Service
Institution of the United States; chief of the Bureau of
Elections, city of New York', 1S92; author of several
essays, sketches, and the following books: " Prom Ever-
glade to Canon with the Second Dragoons," 1875 ; "Af-
ghanistan, or the Anglo-Russian Dispute," 1882; "Uncle
Sam's Medal of Honor," [887; " The Bravest Five Hun-
dred of 'Sixty-one," 1891 ; and "Autumn Leaves from
Family Trees," 1891.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
347
REAR-ADMIRAL C. R. P. RODGERS, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Rear-Admiral C. R. P. Rodgers was born November
14, iS [9, in Brooklyn, New York. Appointed midship-
man from Connecticut October 5, 1S33; attached to
frigate " Brandywine" and sloop " Vincenncs," Pacific
Station. [834-36; navy-yard, New York, 1837; sloop
" Fairfield" and brig " Dolphin," Brazil Squadron, 1837-
39. Promoted to passed midshipman Jul)' 8, 1839;
schooner "Flirt," coast of Florida, 1839-40; and in
command of schooner " Phoenix," [841-42, being actively
employed in the Seminole War during those three years.
Sloop "Saratoga," coast of the United States, [842-43.
Commissioned as lieutenant September 4, 1844; served
in Mediterranean Squadron in frigate " Cumberland,"
1843-45, arR' >n store-ship "Lexington," [845; Coast
Survey, 1846; frigate " Potomac" and sloop "Albany,"
blockading Mexican coast, 1847; present and in the
trenches at the reduction of Vera Cruz, and at the cap-
ture of Tuspan and Tabasco; Coast Survey, 1848-49;
frigate "Congress," Brazil Squadron, 1850-51; frigate
"Constitution," coast of Africa, 1852-55 ; Coast Survey,
commanding steamer " Bibb" ami schooner " Gallatin,"
1856-57 ; steam-frigate " Wabash," Mediterranean Squad-
ron, 1858-59; commandant of midshipmen at Naval
Academy, 1860-61. Commissioned as commander Oc-
tober 15, 1861; served in steam-frigate "Wabash" as
captain and fleet-captain, 1861-63, commanding that ship
at the battle of Port Royal, November, 1861, and the
naval force in the trenches at the reduction of Fort
Pulaski, January 27, 1862. While in the "Wabash,"
much employed on detached service, in command of a
division of gun-boats, in retaking the coast and inlets of
Georgia and Florida, and South Carolina south of Port
Royal ; fleet-captain in the " New Ironsides," in the attack
on Charleston, April 7, 1863. Rear-Admiral Dupont, in
his official report of that engagement, says : " On this, as
on all other occasions, I had invaluable assistance from
the fleet-captain, C. R. P. Rodgers, who was with me in
the pilot-house directing the movements of the squadron.
For now over eighteen months in this war this officer has
been afloat with me, and in my opinion no language could
overstate his services to his country, to this fleet, and to
myself as its commander-in-chief." Commanded steam-
sloop " Iroquois," 1863-65, on special service. Commis-
sioned as captain July 25, 1866; navy-yard, Norfolk,
[865-67; commanded steam-frigate "Franklin," Medi-
terranean Squadron, 1868-70. Commissioned as com-
modore August 28, 1870; special service in Europe, 1871 ;
chief of Bureau of Yards and Docks, October, [871-74.
Commissioned as rear-admiral June 14, [874; superin-
tendent Naval Academy, 1874-78; commanding Pacific
Squadron, 1878-80; superintendent Naval Academy,
1881. Retired 1881. Died 1892.
In 1884 Rear-Admiral Raymond Rodgers was presi-
dent of the International Meridian Conference.
348
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NA VY (regular)
COMMANDER GEORGE W. RODGERS, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Commander George Washington Rodgers, a brother
of C. R. P. Rodgers, was bom in Brooklyn, New York,
October 30, 1S22, and died off Charleston harbor, South
Carolina, August 17, 1863. Entered the navy as mid-
shipman April 30, 1836. In Jul}-, 1842, he became
passed midshipman, and during the Mexican War served
in the steamer " Colonel Harney," and' the sloop-of-war
" John Adams," participating in the operations at Vera
Cruz, Tuspan, Alvarado, and other points on the coast of
the Gulf of Mexico, which were captured by our forces.
During much of the time he served as acting master.
After being attached to the Coast Survey in 1849 and
1850, he was commissioned lieutenant in June of the
latter year. Made a cruise in the "Germantown" on the
home station, and in the " Falmouth," on the coast of
Brazil.
When the Civil War occurred he was stationed at the
Naval Academy at Annapolis, and was chiefly instru-
mental in saving the frigate " Constitution" from a threat-
ened attack of the rebels at Annapolis. He afterwards
took the ship to Newport, at which place the Naval
Academy remained during the war.
In January, 1862, he was commissioned commander,
and in October was ordered to the command of the
monitor " Catskill," in which he took part in many of
the attacks upon the defences of Charleston. On April
7, in the " Catskill," he took her almost under the walls
of "Sumter." Rear-Admiral Dahlgren appointed Rodg-
ers chief of staff in Jul}-, 1863, principally on account of
the cool and deliberate manner in which he fought his
vessel on all occasions ; but lie did not relinquish com-
mand of the " Catskill."
During the attack on Fort Wagner, August 17, 1863,
he took command of the vessel as usual, and, while in
action, was instantly killed by a shot that struck the top
of the conning-house, and broke it in, scattering frag-
ments in all directions.
It was of Commander Rodgers that Miles O'Reilly
wrote one of his most admired stanzas:
Ah, me ! 1 reorge Rodgers lies
With dim and dreamless eyes ;
He has airly won the prize
< u the sthriped and starry shroud."
He was noted as an excellent executive officer and
navigator, and generally beloved for his amiable disposi-
tion and his devotion to duty.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
349
REAR-ADMIRAL JOHN RODGERS, U.S.N, (deceased).
Rear-Admiral John Rodgers's record is so extensive
that we fear we shall have to condense it very materially.
He was born in Maryland, and appointed midshipman
from the District of Columbia in March, 1828. Served
in the Mediterranean ; passed at the Naval School at
Norfolk, 1834. Served on the Brazilian Station, and on
special service. Commissioned as lieutenant January,
1840. Served in the Home Squadron, special service,
Mediterranean, and Coast Survey up to 1852. He com-
manded the steamer "John Hancock" on the surveying
and exploring expedition to the North Pacific and the
China Sea, in the years 1853-56. During this cruise he
was made commander. Upon his return he was on
special duty. In 1X61 Commander Rodgers was ordered
to special duty in superintending the construction of the
" Benton" class of iron-clads, for the Western waters. In
1862 he was assigned to the command of the iron-clad
"Galena," and in May left Hampton Roads with a
squadron of gun-boats, and went up the James River.
After silencing two rebel batteries, the fleet reached Fort
Darling, a casemated battery on the crest of a hill, which,
with vessels sunk in front, obstructed the channel. On
May 15 Rodgers took the " Galena" within five hundred
yards of the fort, and anchored there. Two wooden
gun-boats were some hundred yards below. For four
hours the fight went on, when, having expended all
ammunition, the vessels retired. The " Monitor" of the
squadron could not sufficiently elevate her guns, while
the rifle-gun of the " Naugatuck," or " Stevens Batter}-,"
burst at the first fire. Their crews did service as sharp-
shooters. The so-called armor of the " Galena" proved
of no service. She was hit one hundred and twenty-
nine times, and lost in killed and wounded two-thirds of
her crew. Rodgers was commissioned captain July 16,
1862. Commanded the monitor " Weehawken" in 1863,
and sailed from New York in that vessel for the South
Atlantic Blockading Squadron. On the passage south,
and while off the Delaware, he encountered a heavy
gale. lie was urged to run in to the Breakwater and
remain until the storm was over. This he declined,
saying that he wished to test the sea-going qualities of
the monitors. The " Weehawken" rode out the gale, and
reached Port Royal in safety. On June 17, 1863, Cap-
tain Rodgers, in the " Weehawken," encountered the very
powerful rebel iron-clad "Atlanta," of much greater ton-
nage than the " Weehawken." The " Atlanta" came
down Wassaw Sound, and so confident of victory were the
Confederates, that she was accompanied from Savannah
to the scene of conflict by boats freighted with gay
parties, eager to witness the triumph of their vessel.
Only five shots were fired by the " Weehawken." In fif-
teen minutes the " Atlanta" surrendered, overwhelmed
by the fifteen-inch guns of the " Weehawken." This
action settled the question as to their use. Captain
Rodgers was made commodore June 17, 1863, the date
of this action. In 1864-65 he commanded the iron-clad
"Dictator," on special service. In 1866-67 he com-
manded the monitor " Monadnock," which he took
around to the Pacific. He reached Valparaiso in time
to witness the bombardment of that city by the Spanish
fleet. From San Francisco, when he left the " Monad-
nock," he came home overland before the completion of
the railroad. He was then ordered to the command of
the Boston Navy- Yard, where he remained three years.
He was commissioned as rear-admiral on December 31,
1869, and commanded the Asiatic Squadron 1870-72.
He then commanded the Mare Island Navy- Yard from
1873 to 1877 ; and was superintendent of the Naval Ob-
servatory from 1S77 to 1SS2, in which latter year, in
May, he died at Washington.
Lieutenant Rodgers performed a remarkable piece of
work in the surveying expedition of 1853 to 1856. The
" fohn Hancock" was a small steam-vessel, built upon,
with light upper works, to enable her to contain in some
fashion the material and personnel of the expedition.
When she sailed from Boston, there were grave doubts
expressed by experienced seamen as to whether she
would ever reach her destination. Yet in this craft, by
dint of sheer pluck and perseverance, he accomplished
some of the most valuable exploratory and hydrographic
work ever done.
Dignified, but unassuming in deportment, he always
obtained the regard and respect of all with whom he
came in contact.
>So
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
PAYMASTER ROBERT BURTON RODNEY, U.S N.
(retired).
Paymaster Robert Burton Rodney's ancestors
numbered among them a signer of the Declaration of
Independence, and senators and representatives, and
attorneys-general of the United States, with governors
of Delaware. lie is of the same family as Lord Rodney,
whose naval exploits are known to readers of history.
Paymaster Rodney was born in Philadelphia, where
his parents were temporarily residing, on October 11,
1840. He was appointed acting paymaster from Dela-
ware October 26, 1862 ; served on board the ordnance-
ship " Dale" at Key West during 1S62-63 ; attached to
the blockader " Chambers," of the East Gulf Squadron,
[863-64; attached to the supply steamer "Massachu-
setts," 1864-65, and the double-ender " Conemaugh" in
1865-66.
In 1867 he was ordered to Annapolis, and served on
board the training-frigates " Constitution" and " Santee."
During the years 1868-69 he was attached to the store-
ship " Cyane," King in Panama Bay. He then served
on board the iron-clad " Terror," in the Cuban waters,
during 1870 ami a part of 1871.
During the latter year he was placed upon the retired
list on account of broken health, dating back to his ser-
vice in the " Chambers" in 1864. This vessel had a not-
ably bad experience. While moored off Indian River,
Florida, in August and September, almost all the ship's
company, numbering eighty persons, were stricken with
yellow fever of the worst type at about the same time.
No such mortality had been e\ er known in any ship of the
navy. About one-fourth of the men and one-half of the
1 ifficers died, including the commanding officer. The only
medical officer became violently deranged, and had to be
confined. Paymaster Rodney's clerk and steward being
both dead, he had to issue provisions and clothing, serve
as watch-officer, chaplain, and nurse. He was the last
one to be affected, nearly dying from the malady at the
Lazaretto, below Philadelphia, to which the vessel had
by that time been brought.
In Jul\-, 1866, Paymaster Rodney was commissioned
in the regular service as passed assistant paymaster, and
was promoted to paymaster, with the relative rank of
lieutenant-commander, June 30, 1869, and with this rank-
he was retired.
Paymaster Rodney is the author of " Alboin and
Rosamond," and several lesser poems.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
3Si
REAR-ADMIRAL F. A. ROE, U.S.N, (retired).
Rear-Admiral F. A. Roe is a native of New York,
and after appointment as midshipman, in 1841, served
in the Brazil and West African Squadrons ; was in the
" Boston" when she was wrecked on Eleuthera ; then
attached to the "Allegheny" until ordered to Naval
School in 1847; passed midshipman from August, 1847;
dismissed by sentence of court-martial for disobeying
an illegal order, October, 1849; reappointed to original
rank and place in navy list, September, 1850 ; served two
years in the mail-steamer " Georgia," which employed
naval officers; next in Behring Sea and the Pacific Ex-
ploring Expedition, — a most valuable and interesting
service, including a battle with heavily-armed Chinese
pirates. In the Arctic, and along north coast of Siberia,
the Kurile Islands, Japan, etc. Promoted master Octo-
ber, 1855, and lieutenant in September, 1855 ; Coast Sur-
vey ; a cruise in the Mediterranean ; ordnance duty, New
York, until July, 1 861, when he applied for service afloat;
was ordered to the " Pensacola," but temporarily sent,
at the time of " Bull Run," to occupy Fort Ellsworth,
Virginia, with five hundred seamen ; occupied the fort
until General McClellan moved. He then, having re-
turned to the " Pensacola" as first lieutenant, made the
memorable passage, in that ship, down the Potomac,
past nine miles of batteries. The " Pensacola" led the
starboard column of Farragut's fleet past the forts be-
low New Orleans, and past the Chalmette batteries.
Lieutenant Roe was especially commended, and recom-
mended for promotion for these services ; ordered to com-
mand the " Katahdin," August 5, 1862, and the same
day fought the battle of Baton Rouge, against Brecken-
ridge. He had been promoted to the new grade of
lieutenant-commander from August, 1862; detached and
ordered North on account of ill health, February, 1863.
During his service in the Mississippi in man)' engage-
ments; September 4, 1863, commanding " Sassacus," on
Wilmington blockade, when he destroyed two English
blockade-runners. Then went into the North Carolina
Sounds until July, 1864, when he was sent North as an
invalid.
During his service in the Sounds he was engaged with
the rebel ram " Albemarle," and the " Bombshell." The
attack was by broadside of shot at close quarters, and
by ramming. The ram was disabled and retreated in
bad condition. The " Bombshell" surrendered to the
" Sassacus," and was taken possession of. Roc received
the thanks of the Secretary of the Navy, and an ad-
vancement of " five numbers in his grade for gallant and
meritorious conduct before the enemy." He next com-
manded the " Michigan," on the Lakes. Suppressed
insurrection of miners at Marquette and Houghton,
and caused a privateer to be captured by the English
authorities at Collingwood, Canada; ordered to " Mada-
waska."
Commander, Jul)', 1866; ordered to " Tacony," and
commanded Gulf Division of Palmer's squadron at Vera
Cruz ; was in this command at the time of the exe-
cution of Maximilian, the evacuation by the French,
and the establishment of a republic under Juarez. Roe
took the famous Santa Anna out of an American
steamer, and sent him out of Mexico. His services in
Vera Cruz at this juncture were very many and great,
but space forbids more than to say that he received the
surrender of the city and of San Juan d'Ulloa from
Gomez, who refused to surrender to Juarez; preserved
order and established provisional government. ( )ur
President thanked and congratulated him for his many
services at this critical period. His next service was
as fleet-captain, Asiatic Fleet, under Admiral Rowan,
where he served three years. Captain, April 1, 1872;
Naval Rendezvous at San Francisco ; captain of the
yard, Boston, to June, 1873 ; then in command of " Lan-
caster," as chief of staff, also on a cruise on the coast
of Brazil ; at the Naval Station, New London ; member
of Board of Examiners at the Naval Academy in April,
1879; served as president of a board to revise the allow-
ance books of the Bureaus of the Navy Department ;
received letters of commendation from Department, and
from Admiral Le Roy ; torpedo station, as president of
the Board of Examiners, 1S83; governor of the U. S.
Naval Asylum, Philadelphia, October, 1883; commis-
sioned a rear-admiral in the navy, October, 1885; de-
tached from the command of the Naval Asylum, and
transferred to the retired list, under the operation of the
law, having reached sixty-two years of age.
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN WILLIAM PENNOCK ROGERS, U.S.A.
Captain William Pennock Rogers (Seventeenth In-
fantry) was born in Maryland September [6, [842. He
entered the volunteer service early in the war of the Re-
bellion as corporal of Company II, of the Seventh Mary-
land Infantry, August 21, 1862, and served with his regi-
ment in the operations of the Army of the Potomac from
that time to 1S65. lie was engaged in the battle of
Sharpsburg, Maryland, July, 1863 ; Haymarket, Virginia,
October, 1863; the Wilderness, Virginia, and Spottsyl-
vania, Virginia, 1864, in which he was wounded and lost
his left arm. He was discharged from the volunteer ser-
vice May 4. 1865, and was appointed in the regular service,
second lieutenant Forty-fourth Infantry, July 28, 1X66.
He was at Fort Greble, Maryland, from December,
1 8< >6, to ( )ctober, 1867, guarding public property ; then at
Washington City until 1869, when he was transferred to
the Seventeenth Infantry, lie served on reconstruction
dutyat Lynchburg, Richmond, and Raleigh until March,
1870, when he joined his regiment in Dakota, serving at
Cheyenne Agency and Fort Rice to October, [873. He
participated with an expedition to and up the valley of
the Yellowstone River, Montana, guarding engineers of
the Northern Pacific Railroad, from July to October,
1872; and again in the following year on the same duty
from June 23 to September 27. He was engaged in an
affair with a band of Sioux Indians, under Chief "Gall,"
on Heart River, Dakota, October 3, 1872, and was pro-
moted first lieutenant (incidentally) the same day.
Lieutenant Rogers was stationed at Fort Abercrombie,
Dakota, from October 10, 1873, to August 15, 1876, when
he was ordered to Standing Rock Indian Agency (Fort
Yates), and was engaged with forces disarming and dis-
mounting Sioux Indians. He changed station to Fort
Totten, Dakota, November 1 1, 1878, and returned to Fort
Yates May 24, 1871), and served at that post and at Fort
Abraham Lincoln, Dakota, to July, 1886, when his regi-
ment was ordered to the Department of the Platte, and
he took station at Fort D. A. Russell. 1 le was promoted
captain December 23, 1XS4.
Captain Rogers was detailed on recruiting service from
October 1, 1888, to ( Ictober 1. [890, at Baltimore, Mary-
land, York, Pennsylvania, and Hagerstown, Man land.
I le rejoined his regiment at Fort D. A. Russell, Wyoming,
I Ictober 15, 1890, and was in command of his company,
with the regiment, forming part of General Miles's forces
in the Sioux Indian campaign, through the bad lands of
Dakota to Pine Ridge Agency, during the winter of 1890-
91, until the surrender of the hostile Indians, returning to
Fort Russell at the close of the campaign.
Captain Rogers has occupied numerous staff" positions.
In addition to the ordinary post-staff, he was acting as-
sistant adjutant-general of the Middle District, Depart-
ment of Dakota, from June, 1877, to February, 1878, and
from Jul_v 28, 1879, to August 12 of the same year. He
was adjutant of the battalion of the Seventeenth Infantry
in the field on the Yellowstone expedition in 1872; adju-
tant, quartermaster, and commissary in the expedition of
1873, and adjutant of the Seventeenth Infantry from July,
1874, to December 23, I 8S4.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
353
CAPTAIN HENRY ROMEYN, U.S.A.
Captain Henry Romeyn (Fifth Infantry) was bum in
New York June i, 1833. His first military service began
at the breaking out of the war of the Rebellion, and was
in the grades of private, corporal, and sergeant of Com-
pany G, One Hundred and Fifth Illinois Volunteers,
serving in the field to November 15, 1S63, at which
time he was appointed a captain of the Fourteenth U. S.
Colored Infantry.
He served as chief of scouts at Gallatin, Tennes 1
from January to June, 1863, and then was occupied in
recruiting the Forty-second and Forty-fourth U. S.
Colored Troops until April, 1864, after which he was
detailed as provost-marshal at Knoxville, Tennessee-,
which position he occupied to December, 1865.
He was brevetted major of volunteers for "gallant and
meritorious services at the battle of Nashville ;" was hon-
orably mustered out of \ olunteer service March 26, [866.
During the war of the Rebellion Captain Romeyn was
engaged at the action of Frankfort, Kentucky; engaged
at the action of Dalton ; defence of Decatur; action of
Shoal Creek, Alabama ; battle of Nashville, and action of
Decatur, Alabama.
Captain Romeyn entered the regular service as first
lieutenant of the Thirty-seventh Infantry January 22,
1867, and subsequently assigned to the Fifth Infantry
August 14, 1869. Upon his entrance into the regular
army he was brevetted a captain for " gallant and meri-
torious services at the battle of Nashville, Tennessee."
He joined his regiment and was with it on frontier duty
at Fort Larned, Kansas, May to September, 1807; Fort
Garland, Colorado Territory, October, 1867, to Novem-
ber, 1868; Fort Union, New Mexico, and Cimarron
Agency, New Mexico, November, [868, to April, [869;
at Fort Wallace, Kansas, September, 1869, to October,
1871. He was then ordered in field against hostile
Indians, where he remained from August to November,
1874; at Fort Gibson, May, 1875, to June, 1S76; in field,
Sioux campaign, Montana Territory, Jul}' to November,
1876; also May, July, and August, 1877; cantonment,
Tongue River(Fort Keogh), June and Jul)', 1877; escort
duty, September, 1877; in campaign against Nez Perces,
September, 1877. He was then granted a sick-leave on
account of wound to March, 1878; on leave (surgical
certificate) to April, 1882 ; at Fort Keogh, Montana Ter-
ritory, April to October, 1882; at Fort Brown, Texas,
December, 1882, to November, 1883; at Fort Keogh,
Montana, from February, 1884, to June, 188S; at Fort
Ringgold, Texas, from June, 188S, to May, [89] ; Mount
Vernon Barracks, Alabama, from that date to present time.
He was promoted to a captaincy in the Fifth Infantry July
10, 1885. He filled the position of post adjutant, acting
assistant quartermaster, and assistant commissar)' of sub-
sistence at Fort Larned, Kansas, May to September, 1876;
45
post adjutant, acting assistant quartermaster, and assistant
commissary of subsistence at Fort Wallace, Kansas, Sep-
tember, [869, to October, 1S71 ; post adjutant, acting
assistant quartermaster, and assistant commissary of sub-
sistence, post Southeast Kansas (Fort Scott, Kansas), to
May, [873; acting assistant quartermaster and assistant
commissary of subsistence, Fort Gibson, Indian Terri-
tory, May, 1873, to Jul)-, [S74; post adjutant, cantonment
Tongue River, June and Jul)-, 1877. Captain Romeyn par-
ticipated in action against Cheycnncs, Cheyenne Agency,
Indian Territory, April 6, 1875 ; in action with Nez Perces
Indians September 30, 1877, and was shot through the
lungs, the wound thought at the time to be mortal.
He was then detailed as professor of military science
and tactics at Hampton Institute, Virginia, from March,
1.^78, to November, I 88 1. Joining his regiment at Fort
Keogh, Montana, he remained until September, 1882,
when he was ordered to Fort Brown, Texas, where he
remained to December, 1883; then rejoining at Fort
Keogh, accompanied his regiment to Texas in 1S8S.
The first of the name of Romeyn in this country ( 1 661)
had been an officer in the army of Prince Maurice, of
Holland, and in the Brazils.
One of Captain Romeyn's great-grandfathers, John
Moore, of New York, was a member of the first Provin-
cial Congress of that colony, and of the "Council of
Safety" of Tryon County. His maternal great-grand-
father, Captain Henry Shoemaker, of Pennsylvania, was
a prisoner on board the old hulks in New York harbor,
from which he escaped in irons by dropping from a port
and floating out with the tide at night. His paternal
grandfather served against the Indians in the Mohawk
Valley on different occasions. Several of the name
served during the War of 1S12, and one was killed at
the storming of the gates of the City of Mexico, while
thirty-seven participated in the war of the Rebellion.
354
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
VICE-ADMIRAL STEPHEN CLEGG ROWAN, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Vice-Admiral Stephen Clegg Rowan was born in
Ireland, on Christmas-day, 1808. While still an infant his
parents came to America, he being left behind on account
of an accident. A few years later, while still a child, he i
joined his parents in Ohio, and was sent to < ixford Col- J
lege, ( >hio. He was appointed a midshipman February
21, 1826, and was attached to the sloop-of-war " Vin-
cennes" during her cruise round the world, — the first of
our navy to do so. She was absent nearly four years.
Promoted to passed midshipman in April, 1832, he served
in several vessels of the West Indian Squadron for the
next four years; in several boat expeditions on theWith-
lacoochee during the Florida War, and at Charlotte Har-
bor, with a boat's crew of twelve men, he attacked and
captured an Indian village for the purpose of rescuing
a collector believed to be in their hands. When a
South Polar Expedition was arranged, he volunteered
for that service in 1836; but, as the scheme came to
naught, he was detached in December, 1837. He had
been made lieutenant March 8, 1S37. For three years
after that he served in the Coast Survey, under Gedney.
But, with great regret, he went on a cruise again, "be-
cause he thought it due to himself and the service"
to give up home and emoluments for "improvement in
my profession." Pie was ordered to the " Delaware,"
74, which ship went to Brazil and to the Mediterranean.
1 le afterwards served in the" Cyane," on California coast,
taking part in five engagements during the Mexican
War. In one of these he was wounded. I le always took
great pleasure in telling how he built a stockaded fort at
Monterey by the assistance of the " Cyane's" crew. He
has published in the " Proceedings of the Naval Institute"
some reminiscences of those- time's. Commanded " Re-
lief" and commissioned commander in September, 1855.
On receiving-ship and ordnance duty at New York when,
in January, 1861, "believing war inevitable," he applied
for duty. Assigned to the command of the " Pawnee,"
he had the first naval engagement of the war with a bat-
tery at Acquia Creek, and was struck nine times. Com-
manded the same ship at the battle of Hatteras Inlet.
In October, 1S61, ordered to the " Brooklyn," but soon
after ordered to command a flotilla in the Sounds of North
Carolina, and received the thanks of Congress " for dis-
tinguished service in the waters of North Carolina, and
particularly in the capture of New Berne."
In Jul}', 1862, he was made captain and ordered to the
" Powhatan," but was detached from her in the following
September. In December, 1862, he was ordered to the
command of the monitor " Roanoke" (the frigate of that
name, cut down, with three turrets), which vessel was
fitting out at the Brooklyn Navy-Yard. In June, 1863,
Captain Rowan was ordered to command the iron-clad
" New Ironsides," in which ship he participated in the
capture of Morris Island. He was engaged with Forts
Wagner and Gregg, and other forts in Charleston harbor,
seventeen times. To rescue the " Weehawken," which
was aground, he engaged Fort Moultrie, September 8,
1S63, and silenced that work, after three hours, and then
withdrew for want of ammunition. In this fight the
" New Ironsides" was hit seventy times. On October 1 5,
1 863, this ship was attacked by a torpedo-boat, but, ow ing
to the place where the torpedo exploded, less damage was
di me than might have been expected. Captain Rowan was
made commodore in July, 1863, and in October detached
from the " Ironsides." In May, 1864, he was presented
with a handsome sword by the United States Sanitary
Commission.
Promoted to rear-admiral, by selection, in Jul)', 1866,
he hoisted his flag on board the " Madawaska," then
on her trial trip. In command of Norfolk Navy-Yard
from August, 1866, to July, 1867. Commanded the
Asiatic Squadron from 1867 to 1870. Was promoted to
vice-admiral August 15, 1870, and first learned of it when
he anchored in New York, on his return. In 1871 he
commanded the fleet which received the Grand Duke
Alexis, of Russia. I le was commandant of the Brooklyn
Navy- Yard from May, 1S72, to August, 1877; presi-
dent of the Retiring and Examining Boards for three
years; governor of the Naval Asylum at Philadelphia
lor about a year; was superintendent of the Naval
Observatory, and then appointed chairman of the Light-
Plouse Board.
He retired voluntarily in February, 1889. By special
Act of Congress he was permitted to retire, on his own
application, with full pay of his grade. He died in Wash-
ington, D. C, March 31, 1890, in the eighty-second year
of his age, having served sixty-four years in the navy.
Pie was buried at Oak Hill, District of Columbia.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
355
COLONEL WM. A. RUCKER, U.S.A.
Colonel Wm. A. Rucker (Pay Department) was born
January 17, 1X31, on Grosse Isle, Wayne County, Michi-
gan. He was educated at an academy at Romeo and at
select schools at Ypsilanti and Grosse Isle. In August,
1S53, he went to New Mexico, arriving at Fort Union
October 13 of the same year, and remained in that coun-
try until February, 1859, when ne returned to Detroit,
entered into business, and was so engaged until Septem-
ber [6, 1862, when he was appointed captain and com-
missary of subsistence of volunteers and stationed in
Washington ; and on November 26, same year, was
appointed additional paymaster, U. S. Army, serving as
such in Washington, in the paymaster-general's office
and in the field, making payments to the Arm)- of the
Potomac, in Virginia. In December, 1863, he was or-
dered to Hilton Head, South Carolina, and took station
there, and was employed in making payments to the
troops on Folly and Morris Islands, and at Jacksonville,
Fernandina, and St. Augustine, Florida.
In August, 1864, he was ordered to New York for
funds, and waited there until about October 1 , when seven
hundred and fifty thousand dollars was placed to his
credit with the assistant treasurer there, which he had
just time to get before the sailing of the steamer " Fid-
ton" for South Carolina. The money was counted and
put into two portable safes, and deposited in the steamer's
mail-room. On arriving at Hilton Head he was ordered
to make payments on one of the islands, and when nearly
completed, received orders to report himself at Wash-
ington, D. C, which he did after having finished his pay-
ments in the South. On November 1 was again assigned
to paying troops in the Army of the Potomac, and in
the Shenandoah Valley. He was ordered to Louisville,
Kentucky, and thence to Tennessee, and paid troops at
and near Chattanooga and Knoxvillc on two occasions.
On March 13, 1865, he was brevetted lieutenant-colonel
of volunteers for faithful and meritorious services during
the war, and on April 16, 1866, received the appointment
of major and paymaster U. S. Army, and was ordered in
July of same year to New Mexico, with station at Santa
Fe, and to take five hundred thousand dollars with him
to pay off California and New Mexican volunteers, which
he did, making the journey from Fort Leavenworth to
Santa Fe in wagons, with an escort of about twenty sol-
diers, through a country infested with hostile Indians.
He arrived there September 23. His duties in that
country required him to make long and fatiguing jour-
neys as far south as Fort Quitman, Texas, and west to
near the Arizona line, in a country then full of blood-
thirsty Indians. Colonel Rucker was ordered to change
stations and report at Washington in May, 1868, and, in
July of that year, was changed to St. Louis, Missouri,
where he served until March, 1S73, and was then ordered
to Portland, Oregon. During his service there he visited
Alaska five times, paying troops stationed there. In
June, 1876, he was ordered to San Francisco, California,
and on leaving Portland, Oregon, received from Major-
General O. O. Howard an order from which this extract
is taken : " It is no passing formal compliment to express,
as the department commander now does, his sincere regret
at losing the services of Major Rucker, who has not only
given him entire satisfaction in the faithful performance
of his laborious and responsible duty as paymaster, but
has clone it in a manner to give eminent satisfaction to
this command." He remained in the Department of Cali-
fornia, stationed at San Francisco, making payments to
troops stationed from Camp Gaston to San Diego and the
interior posts until April, 1878, when he was ordered to
Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and was assigned the pay-
ment of several posts in Western Kansas, Colorado, In-
dian Territory, and New Mexico, and remained on that
duty until August, 1880, when he was transferred to St.
Paul as chief paymaster of the Department of Dakota.
After serving there and at Fort Snelling nearly five years,
he was ordered in July, 1885, back to Fort Leavenworth
as chief paymaster of the Department of the Missouri,
where he served to May, 1 S90, when the head-quarters
of the department were moved to St. Louis. In July,
1 89 1, head-quarters having been abolished at St. Louis,
he was directed to take station at Chicago, Illinois.
Major Rucker was promoted lieutenant-colonel and
deputy paymaster-general October I, 18S2; and colonel
and assistant paymaster-general Dec. 30, 1888. Colonel
Rucker is the son of John Anthony Rucker, one of the
first settlers of Michigan ; his mother was Sarah Macomb,
and came from one of the representative military families
of the United States. In 181 2 Colonel Rucker's father
was a partner of Decatur, the firm being Rucker, Bullis
& Decatur, manufacturing powder for the government.
356
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NA VY (regular)
BRIGADIER-GENERAL THOMAS H. RUGER. U.S.A.
Brigadier-General Thomas H. Ruger was born in
New York, and graduated from the U. S. Military Acad-
emy July I. 1854, when he was appointed brevet second
lieutenant Corps of Engineers. He served at New Or-
leans, La., in 1854-55, allc' resigned from the service
April 1, 1S55.
In civil life he was counsellor-at-Iaw at Janesville, Wis-
consin,from 1856 to 1861, when he again entered the ser-
vice as lieutenant-colonel of the Third Wisconsin Volun-
teers, serving in command of his regiment in operations
in Maryland and the Shenandoah Valley from July, 1861,
to August, 1862, in the mean time having been promoted
colonel of his regiment, to date from August 20, 1861.
Colonel Ruger was engaged in the movement to Har-
risonburg, Virginia, February, 1862; combat of Win-
chester, May 25, 1862; retreat to Williamsport, Md.,
May, [862, and advance to Little Washington, Va., July,
1S62; in the Northern Virginia campaign, being en-
gaged in the battle of Cedar Mountain, August 9, 1862;
in the Maryland campaign (Army of the Potomac), being
engaged in the battle of Antietam, and subsequent march
to Falmouth, Va.
He was appointed brigadier-general U. S. Volunteers
November 29, 1 862, and commanded a brigade in the
Twelfth Corps, Army of the Potomac, in the Rappahan-
110, k campaign, being engaged in the battle of Chancel-
lorsville, May 2-4, 1863; in the Pennsylvania campaign,
being engaged in the battle of Gettysburg (where he
commanded a division), July 1-3, 1863, and subsequent
march to Warrenton, Va. lie participated in suppressing
the draft-riots in New York City, August to September,
1863, and when that trouble ceased was on duty in Ten-
nessee, October, 1863 to April, 1S64. He was then as-
signed to the command of a brigade of the Twentieth
Corps in the invasion of Georgia, being engaged in the
battles of Resaca, May 15, 1864, and New Hope Church,
May 25, 1864; action of Kulp House, June 22, 1864;
combat of Peach-Tree Creek, July 20, 1864, and in nu-
merous skirmishes on the march from May to July, 1 864 ;
siege of Atlanta, July 22 to September 2, 1864, and occu-
pation of Atlanta, September 2 to November 8, 1864.
He commanded a division of the Twenty-third Corps in
the Tennessee campaign against the rebel army of Gen-
eral Hood, November 15 to December 8, 1864, being en-
gaged in operations about Columbia and battle of Frank-
lin, Tennessee, November 30, [864.
He then organized the First Division of the Twenty-
third Corps, and was in command of his division in the
operations in North Carolina, being engaged in the move-
ment up the Neuse River, February to March, 1865;
action at Wier's Fork, near Kinston, March 10, 1865 ; sur-
render of the insurgent army under General J. E. John-
ston at Darien Station, April 26, 1S65, and in command
of the Department and District of North Carolina, June
27, 1865, to September I, 1866, when he was mustered
out of the volunteer service, having been reappointed in
the U. S. Army, with the rank of colonel of the Thirty-
third Infantry, July 28, 1 866.
General Ruger was brevetted major-general U. S. Vol-
unteers November 30, 1864, for gallant and meritorious
services at the battle of Franklin, and brevet brigadier-
general U. S. Army, March 2, 1867, for gallant and meri-
torious services at the battle of Gettysburg. While in
command of his regiment at .Atlanta, he was made pro-
visional governor of the State of Georgia from January
[3 to July 4, 1868, and was in command of the District
of Alabama to February 1, 1869. He was transferred
to the Eighteenth Infantry March 15, 1S69.
General Ruger commanded the Department of the
South from March 5 to May 31, 1869, and after serv-
ing with his regiment until September I, 1N71, was
detailed as superintendent of the U. S. Military Academy,
where he remained until September 1, 1876; he was then
placed in command of the Department of the South to
Jul\- 1, 187S. lie commanded Fort Assinniboine, to-
gether with the District of Montana, to October 1, 1870.
and then commanded the District of Montana to May
13, 1885. He commanded his regiment and the post of
Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and the Infantry and Cavalry
School of Application from June ;g, 1885, to April 8,
1886, when he was appointed brigadier-general LT. S.
Arm)- March 19, 1886, and assigned to the command
of the Department of the Missouri, remaining to May 4,
1886, and then transferred to the Department of Dakota,
which command he retained until April, i8<ji,whcn he was
transferred to the command of the Military Division of
the Pacific. The military divisions being discontinued in
July, [891, General Ruger was assigned to the command
of the Department of California, which he now retains.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
357
COLONEL AND BREVET BRIGADIER-GENERAL
GEORGE D. RUGGLES, U.S.A.
Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-General George
D. Ruggles (Adjutant-General's Department) was born
at Newburgh, New York, September n, 1833, and
graduated from Military Academy, June, 1855. Appointed
brevet second lieutenant First Infantry July 1, 1855.
Promoted second lieutenant Second Infantry the same day.
Lie served in the Sioux Indian country ; at Fort Ridgelj ,
Minnesota, 1S55 ami 1856; with column marching from
Fort Ridgely to Fort Randall, Dakota, 1856; at Fort
Randall, Dakota, 1856 and 1857; adjutant Second In-
fantry September 10, 1857, to July 1, 186] ; at Fort
Ridgely, Minnesota, 1857 and 1858. At St. Louis,
Missouri, 1858, as acting adjutant-general, Department
of the West. In Sioux Indian country at Fort Randall,
Dakota, 1859; in the Chippewa Indian country at Fort
Ripley, Minnesota, 1859; at St. Louis, Missouri, 1859
and 1800; Jefferson Barracks, Missouri, i860; in the
Sioux Indian country at Fort Kearney, Nebraska, i860
and 1 86 1 ; at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, 1861. He was
promoted first lieutenant May 2, 1861. He served dur-
ing the rebellion of the seceding States from 1861 to 1866;
acting assistant adjutant-general, Miles's brigade, Latter-
son's army, three months' service, June, 1861 ; in garri-
son, Washington, D. C, June 20 to Jul}- 1, 1861 ; ap-
pointed assistant adjutant-general (brevet captain) July 1,
1861 ; on special duty, Adjutant-General's Office, in War
Department, in charge of organization of volunteer army,
July 1, 1861, to June 28, 1S62; captain, assistant adjutant-
general, August 3, 1 86 1 ; colonel, additional aide de-
camp, June 28, 1862, to May 31, 1866; major, assistant
adjutant-general, permanent establishment, Jul)' 17, 1862 ;
chief of staff, and adjutant-general, Arm}- of Virginia,
commanded by Major-General John Lope, June 28 to
September 6, 1862, being engaged in the battle of Cedar
Mountain, August 9, 1862; in retreat from the Rapi-
dan ; the two days' fight on the Rappahannock, August
22 and 23, 1862; the battle of Waterloo Bridge, Au-
gust 23, 1862; and battles of Gainesville and Grove-
ton (second Bull Run), August 29 and 30, 1862; and
battle of Chanlilly, September I, 1862; as assistant
chief of staff, Army of the Potomac, commanded by
Major-General George B. McClellan, in the Maryland
campaign, September 7 to November 10, 1862; being
engaged in the battle of South Mountain, September 14,
1862 ; battle of Antietam, September 17, 1862; skirmish
at Snicker's Gap, November 2, 1862; on special duty,
immediately under the orders of Hon. E. M. Stanton,
Secretary of War, in his office, December 27, 1862, to
March 19, 1863 ; as first assistant to the provost-marshal-
general, War Department, Conscription Bureau, March
19, 1863, to August 16, 1864; on inspection duty August
16, 1864, to January, 1865; as adjutant-general of the
Army of the Potomac, commanded by Major-General
George G. Meade, February I to June 30, 1865; being
engaged in the affair at Hatcher's Run, February 5 to 7,
1865 ; assault and capture of Petersburg, Virginia, March
29 to April 3, 1865 ; and campaign in pursuit of the Con-
federate Army, terminating in General Lee's capitulation
at Appomattox Court-House, April 9, 1865. He was
brevetted lieutenant-colonel March 13, 1865, "for gal-
lant and meritorious services during the Rebellion."
Colonel, March 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious
services (luring the Rebellion." Brigadier-general U. S.
Army, March 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious
services during the campaign, terminating with the sur-
render of the insurgent Army of Northern Virginia."
Brevet brigadier-general U. S. Volunteers, April 9, 1865,
"for gallant and meritorious services during the opera-
tions resulting in the fall of Richmond, Virginia, and the
surrender of the insurgent army under General R. L. Lee."
General Ruggles was adjutant-general of the Military
Div. of the Atlantic, July 1, 1865, to Feb. 9, 1866; of
the Dep. of the East, to Aug. 11, 1866; of the Dcp. of
the Lakes, to Jan. 15, 1868; of the Dep. of the Fast,
Feb. 14 to June 1, 1868 ; of the Dep. of the Platte, June
30, 1868, to Jan. 1, 1876 ; of the Dep. of Dakota, to Sept.
23, 1880. Promoted lieutenant-colonel, assistant adju-
tant-general, June 15, 18S0; and on duty in the Adju-
tant-General's Office, War Department, October, 1880,
to [tine 1885 ; as adjutant-general of the Dep. of Texas,
to Oct. 1, 18SS; with leave, to Jan. 9, 18S9; en route
to California, to Jan. 18, 1889; adjutant-general, Div.
of Pacific and Dep. of California, Jan. 19, 1889, to
Oct. I, 1890; as adjutant-general of the Div. of At-
lantic and Dep. of East, Oct. 13, 1890, to July 8, 1891,
and then adjutant-general Dep. of East to present
date, March, 1892. Colonel, assistant adjutant-general,
June 7, 1889.
358
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (kecular)
MAJOR AND BREVET COLONEL BENJAMIN PIATT
RUNKLE, U.S.A. (retired).
Major and Brevet Colonel Benjamin Piatt Run-
kle was bom on September 3, 1836; is a great-grand-
son of Colonel Jacob Piatt, of the Revolutionary Army.
He was educated at Miami University, Oxford, Ohio,
graduating in July, 1857 ; was admitted to the bar, July,
1859; was nominated for the Ohio State Senate by the
Democracy in i860; was captain of the Douglas Guards,
Ohio Militia, which company furnished the first volun-
teers for the war from Champaign Count}', Ohio ; he was
commissioned captain, Thirteenth Ohio Infantry, April
22, 1861, and promoted major, November 8, 1861. He
served in the West Virginia campaign under General
William S. Rosecrans.
Major Runkle was serving in Smith's brigade, Critten-
den's division. Army of the Ohio, at the battle of Shiloh,
when he was severely wounded, and left for dead on the
field. His obituary, written by the Hon. Whitelaw Reid,
appeared in the New York Tribune, lie recovered, how-
ever, and was commissioned colonel of the Forty-fifth
Ohio Infantry, which he raised and led to the field,
August 19, 1862; served in the Department of Kentui k_v
under Generals Wright, Burnside, and Gillmore during
the remainder of 1862 and part of [863; commanding
at this time a brigade of mounted infantry. Lie was
thanked on the field at Somerset, Kentucky, March 30,
1863, for the conduct of his command and himself in
breaking the Confederate lines. General Gillmore after-
wards wrote, " I shall always remember with pleasure
your conduct at Somerset, for to the charge of your
command, so gallantly led by yourself, was due the
victory of that day."
Colonel Runkle's wounds breaking out afresh, and
incapacitating him for active service, he was ordered
to report to Governor Tod, of Ohio, for duty. The
Governor ordered him to Washington, D. C, as his
confidential aid and agent, sending a letter to President
Lincoln in the following words: "The bearer hereof
commands my full confidence, and is worth)- of yours."
He transacted business for the State of Ohio with the
Departments at Washington, D. C, until the Atlanta cam-
paign, when he joined his command, which had been
dismounted and were serving as infantry, and remained
with the same till July 21, 1864, when he was mustered
out " on account of disability occasioned by wounds re-
ceived in action."
Colonel Runkle was appointed lieutenant-colonel
Veteran Reserve Corps (volunteers), August 22, 1804;
commanded the Twenty-first Regiment of that corps until
September, 1S65. lie was a member of the committee
appointed by that corps to secure its recognition in the
regular army, and spent the winters of 1865-66 in
Washington on that business. Largely as a result of
the labors of that committee, four Veteran Reserve Corps
regiments were authorized for the regular army. Col-
onel Runkle was commissioned major of the Forty-
fifth Infantry, U. S. A., July 28, 1866.
From 1866 to 1870, Colonel Runkle served under
Major-General ( ). O. Howard, being assigned to duty
in Tennessee, South Carolina, and Kentucky. He was
brevetted lieutenant-colonel and colonel U. S. Army, to
date from March 2, 18(17, upon the recommendations
of General Gillmore and others, "for gallant and meri-
torious services at the battle of Shiloh, and during the
war." He was also brevetted major-general of volun-
teers, November 9, I 865.
Colonel Runkle was retired " on account of disa-
bility occasioned by wounds received in action," De-
cember 15, 1870. He now resides in San Francisco,
California.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
359
PAY-DIRECTOR A. W. RUSSELL, U.S.N, (retired).
Pay-Director A. W. Russell was born in Maryland,
and first served in the navy as captain's clerk of the sloop
"Saratoga," on the coast of Africa, 1842-44. In the
operations against Bereby and adjacent towns, — a three
days' engagement involving the destruction of six towns,
— under Commodore M. C. Perry, December, 1843.
During the Mexican War he served in the mounted
rifle regiment, — Captain Samuel H. Walker, the distin-
guished Texan Ranger, — Company C. Was clerk to
the Committee of Naval Affairs of the United States
Senate in 1858-61. Commissioned paymaster in the
navy from the District of Columbia in February, 1861.
Was then attached to the " Pocahontas," in the Potomac
River and Chesapeake Bay, for a short time, when he was
transferred to the sloop-of-war " Savannah," on the block-
ade of the Atlantic coast, and was present at the capture
of Tybee Island, lie was then ordered to the " Colo-
rado," and was at the mouth of the Mississippi during
the operations in that river leading to the capture <>f New
Orleans. Paymaster Russell was next attached to the
iron-clad steamer " New Ironsides," on special service in
1862, and in the South Atlantic Squadron during [863-
64, when he was especially thanked by Commodore (after-
wards Vice-Admiral) Rowan, commanding the " New
Ironsides," in his official despatches, " for gre.it zeal and
ability in command of the powder and shell division,"
during the various engagements (twenty- seven) with the
forts and batteries of Charleston harbor.
Paymaster Russell was attached to the receiving-ship
"North Carolina," at New York, 1864-65, and to the
"Chattanooga," on "special service," in 1866. Then
sailed in the steam-sloop " Sacramento" on a special
cruise, but the cruise was finished by the wreck of the
vessel in the Bay of Bengal. Paymaster Russell, although
losing his personal belongings in the wreck, saved all
his official books, accounts, vouchers, public money,
and was thus enabled to settle his accounts with the
Treasury Department without the difference of a penny.
In [868— 70 he was inspector of provisions and clothing
at the navy-yard at Washington, and on duty at the
Navy Pay-Office at Philadelphia from 1870 to 1873.
He had been promoted to pay-inspector in March,
1871. Was inspector of provisions and clothing at
the Philadelphia yard for some months. He then
went again to the Pay-Office at Philadelphia from 1874
to 1877.
Promoted pay-director in February, 1877. Navy Pay-
Office, Baltimore, March 31, 1877, to January, 18S2. At
the Navy Pay-Office at Philadelphia, from May, 1882, to
February, 1886. Was retired, by operation of law, Feb-
ruary 4, 1 886.
;6o
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY regular)
MAJOR GhRALD RUSSELL, U.S.A. (retired).
Major Gerald Russell was born in Ireland, and en-
tered the military service as a private in July, 185 i. lie
was assigned to Company F, Mounted Riflemen, U.S.A.
lie served at Carlisle and Jefferson Barracks, and after
assignment went with his company to Indianola, Texas,
lie scouted almost continuously through the State of
Texas during the period of his first enlistment, and was
engaged in action with Indians on the Rio Grande, above
Fort Ringgold, in 1X53. On this occasion he volunteered
to swim the Rio Grande, and, with the assistance of two
other volunteers, recovered fort)- head of stolen horses.
He was honorably discharged in 1856, and six months
later re-enlisted, and joined his old regiment in New
Mexico.
In February, 1858, he participated, with thirty men,
miller Lieutenant II. M. Lazelle, in a fight in' Dog Canon,
New Mexico, against Mescalaro Apache Indians, for
which he was honorably mentioned in General Orders
of the War Department of 1X59. In the latter part of
[860 he participated in the attack on a large camp of
Comanche anil Kiowa Indians at Cold Springs, New
Mexico. In the memorable year of 1861 he was sta-
tioned at Fort Stanton, New Mexico, when the news of
the fall of Fort Sumter was received at that post. The
commanding officers stationed at Fort Stanton at the
time were Southern men, with one or two lukewarm ex-
ceptions. The news caused great commotion among the
Southern officers, and extensive preparations were com-
menced to take the entire garrison, which consisted of
three companies of mounted rifles and two companies of
infantry, into Texas. In fact, the movement was fully
determined upon ; for Russell received orders, as first
sergeant, to have his company (D) in complete order to
march. But the movement was frustrated by an anony-
mous letter received by Captain Thomas Claiborne, who
was conspicuous in creating disaffection among the troops,
warning him not to proceed one step further at his peril.
The letter had the desired effect. All preparations imme-
diately ceased, and the officers, once sanguine of taking
the formidable garrison i if Fort Stanton to swell the ranks
of the Confederacy, took their departure two days later
with a modest escort, all of whom returned in due time,
except one man, who cast his lot with the South. The
writer of the anonymous letter referred to hopes not to
be accused of egotism for relating the above facts, for
the first time, after a lapse of thirty-one years. On Feb-
ruary 22, iS62,he participated in the battle of Val Verde,
and served in all the campaigning in Southern New-
Mexico from the day the invaders first entered the Ter-
ritory until they were driven from it. In May, 1862, while
in command of sixty men of his regiment (Third Cav-
alry), he fought a hostile band of Navajo Indians, killing
several of them, and capturing three thousand head of
sheep, some burros, mules, and oxen, at Sierra Caballo,
New Mexico. In the fall of 1862 he was transferred to
the Western Army, and in May, 1863, was on mustering
duty with the Fourth Division, Sixteenth Army Corps,
serving during the siege of Vicksburg, not only as mus-
tering-officer, but as aide-de-camp to the general com-
manding.
He was appointed second lieutenant Third U. S. Cav-
alry July 18, 1S62, and promoted first lieutenant August
4, [864. He continued to serve with the Western Army,
participating in the battle of Jackson, Mississippi, and
was captured by the enemy a few days subsequently
while en route to Vicksburg, under orders. Lieutenant
Russell was exchanged in October, 1863, and was or-
dered to Natchez, but here met with an accident, which
interrupted his duties in the field, ami he was placed on
mustering duty at Louisville, Kentucky, until the close
of the war, when he rejoined his regiment, and marched
with it from Little Rock, Arkansas, to New Mexico, and
in 1 869 was transferred to Arizona, where he participated
in numerous engagements with Indians in the Pelonica,
Chiricahua, and Dragoon Mountains. He was transferred
to the Department of the Platte in 1871, and in 1875-77
participated in the campaigns against hostile Sioux In-
dians, under Generals Crook and Mackenzie.
He was promoted captain August 4, 1864, and major
Fifth Cavalry October 29, 1888. lie was retired from
active service December 17, 1890.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
361
FIRST LIEUTENANT AND BREVET CAPTAIN ROBERT
GEDNEY RUTHERFORD, U.S.A. (retired).
First Lieutenant and Brevet Captain Robert
Gednev Rutherford was born in New York City, New
York. His first service was as second lieutenant, Ninth
Regiment, New York State Militia (Eighty-third New
York State Volunteers), from May 20, 1861. He was
detailed on recruiting duty in New York City from
May 27 to November 17, 1861, during which time he
conducted a detachment of recruits to the regiment on
the Upper Potomac. (This service of nearly six months
was performed at an officer's own expense, and he is not
credited with it in the official record.) He was not
mustered into the service of the United States until No-
vember 19, 1 861. Entering on duty with regiment from
November 19, 1861, he was detailed on staff of briga-
dier-general commanding Second Brigade, Third Divi-
sion, Banks's Army Corps, afterwards Third Brigade,
First Division, Twelfth Army Corps, serving succes-
sively with Generals Charles S. Hamilton, George H.
Gordon, and George S. Green, and performing the duties
of brigade quartermaster from January 18, 1862, to
August [8, 1862. He then became aide-de-camp to
Brigadier-General A. S. Williams, commanding First
Division, Twelfth Army Corps, in which capacity he
served from August 18, 1862, to September 14, 1862.
Fie was taken sick at Frederick City, Maryland, and
sent to New York City, where he remained until Febru-
ary 26, 1863, suffering from effects of contused wounds
of right knee-joint. He was honorably discharged and
mustered out of service on surgeon's certificate of disa-
bility February 26, 1863, at New York City.
On September 19, 1863, he reported for duty with
Veteran Reserve Corps at department camp, near Wash-
ington, D. C, having been appointed a captain in that
corps by President Abraham Lincoln. At Washington,
D. C, he did duty as officer of the guard, every second
or third day, at the " Old Capitol Prison," where the
rebel prisoners were confined, and at the " Carroll Prison,"
where the prisoners of the State were kept. March 5,
1864, commanded the expedition sent from Washington,
D. C, for the relief of Cherrystone, on the eastern shore
of Virginia, which had been raided by the rebels.
He commanded a company at Washington, D. C,
and was doing duty as field-officer of the day for the
defences of Washington at the time the rebel Genera!
Early made his attack on the national capital in July,
1S64; participated in the fight with General Early's forces
in front of Fort Stevens, and in the campaign which
followed.
On August 16, 1864, assumed command of the" Central
Guard-House," then used as a military prison, and re-
mained on this duty until July 12, 1865, when, the war
having terminated, the prison was turned over to the
46
civil authorities July 12 to October 4, 1865 ; he was mi
sick-leave to December 7, 1865, and then on duty at
Camp Carrington, Indianapolis, Indiana, commanding
detachment of two companies of the Twenty-second
Regiment, Veteran Reserve Corps, and engaged in mus-
tering out volunteer troops.
Lieutenant Rutherford received contused wound of
right knee-joint at Rappahannock Station, Virginia, and
contracted rheumatism in the field, causing great and
continuous suffering, and resulting in the distortion of
both feet.
He took part in the Shenandoah Valley campaign
of 1862, and General Pope's campaign from Culpeper
Court-House to Washington, and was present at Win-
chester, Rappahannock Station, Beverly's Ford, Sulphur
Springs, second Bull Run, and Fort Stevens.
Captain Rutherford was mustered out of the volun-
teer service as brevet lieutenant-colonel April 30, 1867,
and was appointed second lieutenant of the Forty-fifth
Infantry, to date from March 7, 1867, and was the same
day brevetted first lieutenant and captain for " gallant
and meritorious services in the battle of Rappahannock
Station," and " gallant and meritorious services during
the war."
During the years of 1866-68 he was on " reconstruc-
tion duty."
On July 30, 1 869, reported for duty at Fort Columbus,
New York harbor, as post quartermaster ; was also post
commissary of subsistence, and for part of the term
depot treasurer. In addition, commanded a company
(luring the last two years of his tour.
Having been examined by retiring board and recom-
mended for retirement for disability resulting from causes
incident to the service, he was, June 28, 1878, retired
from active service. Since retirement he has resided at
Washington, D. C.
362
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NA VY (regular)
CAPTAIN WILLIAM THOMAS SAMPSON. U.S.N.
Captain William Thomas Sampson, the eldest son of
James and Hannah Sampson, was born in Palmyra, New-
York, on February 9, 1S40. He entered the Naval Acad-
emy in September, 1S57, and graduated at the head of his
class at the outbreak of the war, in April, 1S61. After
serving for a short time in the Potomac flotilla, he was
ordered to join the frigate " Potomac" as watch and divi-
sion officer, under the command of the late Rear-Admiral
Levin M. Powell. The " Potomac" was stationed off
Mobile on blockade duty. From her he was transferred
to the "Water-Witch," as executive-officer, and saw
service on all parts of the Gulf.
In 1S62 he returned to the Naval Academy, then at
Newport, for a short tour of duty as an instructor. In
1864 he became executive-officer of the " Patapsco," then
stationed in the South Atlantic Squadron. On the night
of January 15, 1865, the " Patapsco" was the advance
monitor for the night in Charleston Roads, protecting the
picket-boats that were dragging for torpedoes and examin-
ing the obstructions between Forts Sumter and Moultrie.
She was kept under way, being allowed to drift towards
the obstructions, and then steamed down the channel
when sufficiently near them. The third time, while steam-
ing down-stream, a torpedo struck her under the port
1 iow, and she went down in less than a minute. Lieutenant
SampsOn, who was running the ship, was standing on the
ridge-rope around the turret, and was picked up while in
the water by one of the picket-boats. He was mentii >ned
in the report of the commanding officer for the cool
intrepidity which he displayed. After the sinking of the
" Patapsco," Lieutenant Sampson joined the " Colorado,"
the flag-ship of the Furopean Station, Rear-Admiral L.
M. Goldsborough in command. While on that station,
in 1866, he was commissioned as lieutenant-commander.
In the fall of 1867, Lieutenant-Commander Sampson
was ordered to the Naval Academy at Annapolis as an
instructor in the Department of Natural Philosophy. In
1S69 he became head of that department, and was mainly
instrumental in introducing the present system of monthly
examinations.
In January, 1871, lie joined the "Congress" as execu-
tive-officer. The " Congress" first carried coal and stores
to Disco, Greenland, for Hall's Polar Expedition, and on
her return joined the PCuropean Station. He received his
commission as commander in 1874, and was ordered to
the Naval Academy as head of the Department of Phys-
ics and Chemistry. During this tour of duty the instruc-
tion in applied science was greatly developed to meet the
modern requirements, and several of our most distin-
guished electricians acquired the groundwork of their
knowledge at the Naval Academy since 1874.
In 187s, Commander Sampson was sent in charge of a
part}- to observe the total eclipse of the sun from a station
at Creston, Wyoming. In 1879 he was ordered to com-
mand the " Swatara" for a cruise on the Asiatic Station.
Both the " Congress," of which he was executive-officer,
and the " Swatara," which he commanded, were noted
throughout the service for beinc in fine condition, under
excellent discipline, and thoroughly drilled. The present
chief of the Bureau of Ordnance — Commander Folger —
was executive of the " Swatara" during this time.
In 1881, Commander Sampson returned to the United
States, and in 1SS2 was ordered as assistant superintend-
ent at the Naval Observatory. During his tour of duty
at the observatory many of the instruments, that had
been neglected for some years, were put in thorough re-
pair and placed under the charge of naval officers who
were competent observers. The system of time-signals
was extended, and the testing, care, and rating of chro-
nometers were thoroughly systematized.
He was superintendent of the Naval Academy at
Annapolis for a considerable period, having been pro-
moted captain in March, 1XS9. This is one of the most
important posts a naval officer can fill. Since November,
1890, he has been in command of the "San Francisco,"
on the Pacific Statii >n.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
363
CAPTAIN EGBERT B. SAVAGE, U.S.A.
Captain Egbert B. Savage (Eighth Infantry) was
born February 2, 1843, at Saratoga Springs, New York.
He entered the volunteer service as first lieutenant of the
One Hundred and Fifteenth New York Infantry, Au-
gust 26, 1862, and was promoted captain August 30,
1862. He served in the field during the war of the Re-
bellion, and was engaged in the battle of Maryland
Heights, Maryland, and Bolivar Heights, Virginia, and
was taken prisoner at Harper's Ferry, Virginia, Sep
tember 15, 1862. He was then in the parole camp at
Chicago, Illinois, until November, 1862, when he was
exchanged, and joined his regiment in the field in Vir-
ginia.
lie was transferred to the Department of the South,
and served at Hilton Head and Beaufort, South Caro-
lina ; then participated in the expedition to Florida, com-
manded by General Seymour, and was engaged at the
capture of Jacksonville, Camp Finnegan, and battle of
Olustee (also Ocean Pond and Silver Lake), February 20,
1864.
Captain Savage was then transferred to the Army of
the James, in Virginia, and was engaged in the battle of
Chesterfield Heights, Virginia, in May, 1S64; action of
Drury's Bluff, Virginia, May, 1864; and was on duty at
Bermuda Hundred, from May 25-30, 1864. He was
then attached to the Army of the Potomac, and was en-
gaged in the battle of Cold Harbor, Virginia, in June,
[864, where he was wounded. He was in the siege of
Petersburg, Virginia, from the commencement until
about September 26, 1864, and was engaged in the mine
explosion, July 30, 1864; battle of Deep Bottom, Vir-
ginia, August 16, 1864; commanded the One Hundred
and Fifteenth New York in action near Deep Bottom,
August 18, 1864; battle of Chapin's Farm, Virginia,
September 29, 1864, where he was wounded and sent to
hospital near Fort Monroe.
Captain Savage rejoined his regiment in the field in
November following, and participated in the first expedi-
tion to Fort Fisher, North Carolina, commanded by
General Butler, in December, 1864. He also partici-
pated in the second expedition to the same place under
General Terry, in January, 1865. He was engaged in
the assault and capture of that place January 15, and at
the explosion of the magazine of Fort Fisher on the
16th. He then joined General Sherman's army in North
Carolina, and was honorably mustered out August 30,
1865, having been transferred to the Forty-seventh New
York Infantry on the muster-out of the One Hundred
and Fifteenth, June 17, 1865. Captain Savage was com-
missioned major of the One Hundred and Fifteenth,
April 29, 1865, but was not mustered into service. He
was acting ordnance officer of the Second Division,
Tenth Army Corps, and department ordnance officer at
Raleigh, North Carolina, from May to August, 1865.
Captain Savage entered the regular service as second
lieutenant of the Fifteenth Infantry, February 23, 1866,
and promoted first lieutenant the same day. He was
transferred to the Thirty-third Infantry September 21,
1866; transferred to the Eighth Infantry May 3, 1869;
and promoted captain May 30, 1877. From 1866 to
1 87 1 he was on duty in the South, and stationed at
Mobile, Montgomery, Huntsville, Selma, and Jackson-
ville, Alabama, and Charleston, South Carolina ; in
1871-72 he was at David's Island, and his regiment was
transferred to tire West. He participated in General
Stanley's Yellowstone Expedition in 1872-73, and for
two years was stationed at Fort Omaha and Fort D. A.
Russell. He was then transferred to Arizona, where he
remained until 1879, when he was detailed on recruiting
service until 1882, rejoining his company at Fort Gaston,
California.
From 1882 to 1886 he served at Angel Island
and Fort Hallcck, Nevada; and from January to May
of that year was in the field in Arizona, taking station
at Fort Grant, and remaining there until 1890, when
his regiment was transferred to the Department of the
Platte, and he took- station at Fort Niobrara, but was
changed to Fort McKinney, in 1891, where he is now
serving.
364
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL AND BREVET BRIGADIER-
GENERAL CHARLES G. SAWTELLE, U.S.A.
Lieutenant-Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-Gen-
eral Charles G. Sawtelle (Quartermaster's Depart-
ment) was born in Maine, May 10, 1834; was a cadet at
the U. S. Military Academy July 1, 1850, to Jul}- 1, 1854,
when he graduated and was promoted a brevet second
lieutenant of infantry, and second lieutenant of the Sixth
Infantry March 3, 1855. He served on frontier duty at
Fort Ripley, Minnesota, 1854-55; on Sioux expedition
in [855; Fort Laramie, Dakota, 1855-56; Fort Pierre,
Dakota, 1856; Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, 1856-57.
Regimental quartermaster, Sixth Infantry, February 15,
1857, to May 17, 1861 ; quelling Kansas disturbances,
1857-58; Utah expedition, 185S, and on march to Cali-
fornia, 1858; in garrison at Benicia, California, 1858, and
Presidio of San Francisco, California, 1858-59; as quar-
termaster on Mojave expedition to Arizona, 1859; at
Benicia, California, 1859-61, being acting regimental
adjutant, April 29 to July 10, 1861.
Served during the rebellion of the seceding States,
1861-66; in charge of the Quartermaster Depot at Per-
ryville, Maryland, August, 1861, to March, 1862; in
the Virginia Peninsula campaign, in the Army of the
Potomac from March to May, 1862, to September 7,
1862; as acting chief quartermaster of the Army of the
Potomac, September 7 to November 12, 1862, during
the Man-land campaign; as chief quartermaster of the
Second Corps in the Rappahannock campaign (Army
of the Potomac), November 12, 1862, to January 24,
1863.
He was promoted first lieutenant June 5, i860, and
appointed captain, staff-assistant quartermaster, May 17,
t86l, and lieutenant-colonel, staff, L:. S. Volunteers, No-
vember 12, 1862, being present at the battle of Freder-
icksburg, December 13, 1862, as chief quartermaster of
the Right Grand Division ; as chief quartermaster of
Cavalry Corps (Army of the Potomac), January 24 to
June 13, 1863, being engaged on " Stoneman's Raid"
towards Richmond, May, 1863; as assistant chief quar-
termaster of the Army of the Potomac, June 21 to Aug-
ust 6, 1863, being engaged in the Pennsylvania campaign ;
as chief quartermaster of the Cavalry Bureau at Washing-
ton, D. C, August 6, 1863, to February 15, 1864; as
chief quartermaster at Brownsville, Texas, of the forces
on the Rio Grande, February to April $0, 1864; in
charge of transports and supplies, May 15-19, 1864, for
the relief of General Banks's army returning from Red
River, which he met at Atchafalaya, and constructed a
bridge of nine hundred feet across the river, using twenty-
one large steamboats as pontoons ; as chief quartermaster
of the Military Division of West Mississippi, June 6,
1864, to June 2, 1 865, being engaged in the Mobile cam-
paign and expedition terminating in the surrender of the
rebel forces under General Taylor.
He was brcvetted major, lieutenant-colonel, and colo-
nel, March 13, 1865, for "faithful and meritorious services
during the Rebellion;" and brigadier-general, March 13,
1S65, for "faithful and meritorious services in the quar-
termaster's department during the Rebellion." He was
lieutenant-colonel, staff, U. S. Volunteers, from May 27,
1864, to May 25, 1865 ; and colonel, staff, U. S. Volun-
teers, from May 25, 1865, to January 1, 1867, and served
as chief quartermaster of the Military Division of the
Southwest, June 3 to Jul)- 17, 1865 ; of the Military Di-
vision of the Gulf, July 17, 1865, to August 15, 1866;
of the Department of the Gulf, August 15, 1866, to
April I, 1867; and of the Fifth Military District, April
I to August 31, 1867.
On January iS, 1S67, he was promoted major, staff-
quartermaster, and served in charge of clothing depot,
and assistant to the depot quartermaster at New York
City, September 9, 1867, to April 10, 1S69; as chief
quartermaster of the Department of California, May 4,
1869, to August 15, 1872 ; quartermaster in the Depart-
ment of the East, August 23, 1872, to November 10,
1877; and as chief quartermaster, Department of the
East, November 10, 1877, to March 25, 1878; and of
the Department of the Columbia, May 14, 1878, to April
12, 1 88 1 ; having been promoted lieutenant-colonel,
stall", deputy quartermaster-general, January 24, 18S1,
and then served as chief quartermaster of the Depart-
ment of the South, April 27, 18S1, to April 27, 1882;
and of the Military Division of the Atlantic and Depart-
ment of the East, May 1, 1882, to October 29, 1883; in
office of quartermaster-general, Washington, D. C, from
October 29, 1883, to September 16, 1890. In charge of
the general depot of the quartermaster's department in
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, October 1, 1890, to this
time.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
365
COLONEL AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL RUFUS
SAXTON, U.S.A. (RETIRED).
Colonel and Brevet Major-General Rufus Saxton
was born in Massachusetts in 1824. Graduating at the
Military Academy in 1849, nc was appointed a lieutenant
of artillery. In 1853 he was assigned to duty on the
Northern Pacific Railroad Exploration and Survey, and
made a barometric profile of the route across the Rocky
Mountains on which that railroad was afterwards built.
The following order is in recognition of this service :
"Northern Pacifh- Railroad Exploration and Survey,
"Camp Dobbin, near Fort Benton, Septembei 18, 1S53.
" Order No. 18.
"The chief of the expedition congratulates Lieutenant
Saxton and his party upon their safe arrival at Fort
Denton from the mouth of the Columbia. For indomi-
table energy, sound judgment, and crowning accom-
plishment, Lieutenant Saxton has the thanks of all his
associates, and deserves honorable mention at the hands
of all men who seek to advance the honor and renown
of their country.
" Isaac I. Stevens,
" Governor of Washington Territory!'
From this time until the war, Lieutenant Saxton was
on the Coast Survey, and also instructor of tactics at the
Military Academy. In 1861 he was chief quartermaster
on the staff of General Lyon in his Missouri campaign,
of General McClellan in Western Virginia, and General
Sherman's Port Royal expedition. In 1862 he was pro-
moted brigadier-general and assigned to the command of
Harper's Ferry, Virginia. In May, Mr. Stanton wrote
General Saxton : " By special assignment of the Presi-
dent, you are assigned to the command of the forces at
Harper's Ferry without regard to seniority of rank, and
will exercise your own discretion with regard to its de-
fence." The defence was successful, and General Jackson
was driven up the valley. Mr. Stanton telegraphed Gen-
eral Saxton : " I have reserved to say to you personally
what I feel concerning the important service you have
rendered the fjovernment, and the high sense I have of
the skill and ability you have shown in the performance
of your arduous duties, which have fulfilled my expecta-
tions." He also wrote :
"War Department, Washington, I1.1 . fune 17, 1S62.
" To Brigadier-General Rufus Saxton :
" The thanks of this department are cordially tendered
to you for your late able and gallant defence of Harper's
Ferry against the rebel forces under command of General
Jackson. You were placed in command at that point
at a moment of extreme danger, and under circum-
stances of extraordinary difficulty. By your skill and gal-
lantry great service was rendered to the country, which
I feel it to be the duty of this department to acknowledge
and place on record, assuring you at the same time of
ni)- personal confidence and regard.
" Yours truly,
" Edwin M. Stanton,
" Secretary of War"
Afterwards General Saxton was appointed by the
President, upon the request of Secretary Chase, military
governor of the Department of the South, and also
superintendent of the recruiting of colored troops. He
also commanded a division of the Tenth Army Corps,
the Beaufort district, and also of the forces on Morris
and John's Islands in the attack on Charleston. He
was also commissioner of the Freedmen's Bureau for
South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida until the end of
the war.
At this time he received the following from the war-
governor of his native State:
" Boston, Feb. 15, 1S66.
" M \ior-General Rufus Saxton, Beaufort, S. C. :
" General, — . . . But more than all, I thank you for
the fidelity to liberty and justice and to every duty, and
the zeal and ability which have distinguished your service
of the country and mankind during the Rebellion. Among
the sons of Massachusetts none will leave behind them
a more gracious memory or a more honorable name than
yours. Believe me always,
" Your friend and servant,
"John A. Andrew."
After the war General Saxton was chief quartermaster
of the Department of the South, of the Lakes, of the
Missouri, of the Columbia, and of the Military Division
of the Pacific. He was brevetted major, lieutenant-
colonel, colonel, brigadier-general, and major-general.
After forty-three years of service he was retired by
action of law.
366
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
REAR-ADMIRAL JAMES FINDLAY SCHENCK, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Rear-Admiral James Findlay Schenck was born in
Ohio, June n, 1807. Appointed from Ohio, March 1,
1825; sloop "Hornet," West India Squadron, 1829;
frigate " Brandy wine," 1830. Promoted to passed mid-
shipman June 4, i S3 1 ; sloop "John Adams," Medi-
terranean Squadron, 1833-34.
Commissioned as lieutenant December 22, 1835 ; sloop
"St. Louis," West India Squadron, 1837; brig "Dol-
phin," Brazil Squadron, 1840; razee "Independence,"
Home Squadron, 1S43; frigate "Congress," Pacific
Squadron, 1846-47.
During the war with Mexico, Lieutenant Schenck, as
chief military aid to Commodore Stockton, landed and
took possession of Santa Barbara and San Pedro, in Cali-
fornia ; serving in same capacity, marched on and was at
the first capture of Los Angeles. As second lieutenant
of the frigate " Congress," was at the bombardment
and capture of Guaymas, and the taking of Mazatlan.
Frigate " Congress," East India Squadron, 1848; com-
manding mail steamship " Ohio," 184S-52.
Commissioned as commander September 14, 1S55;
commanding receiving-ship, New York, 1848 ; command-
ing steamer " Saginaw," East India Squadron, 1860-61.
On June 30, 1 86 1 , the " Saginaw" was fired upon by
a fort at Quin Hone, Cochin-China ; the fire was returned
and the fort silenced.
Commissioned as captain, 1861 ; commanding frigate
" St. Lawrence," Blockading Squadron, 1S62.
Commissioned as commodore July 2, 1863; command-
ing steam-sloop " Powhatan," North Atlantic Squadron,
1864-65 ; commanded " Powhatan" and Third Division of
Porter's Squadron in the two attacks on Fort Fisher;
commanded Naval Station, Mound City, Illinois, 1866.
Commissioned as rear-admiral July, 1S80. Died in
1882.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
367
CAPTAIN WINFIELD SCOTT SCHLEY, U.S.N.
Captain Winfield Scott Schley belongs to a well-
known family of western Maryland. He was born in
that State, near Frederick, in 1839, anc' was appointed
an acting midshipman in 1856. He was at the Naval
Academy until 1 S60, when he graduated. He served in
the U. S. frigate " Niagara," in China and Japan, after
carrying the embassy from Japan back to their own
country in 1S60-61.
The exigencies of war at that time brought officers
forward very rapidly, and he was promoted to master
in 1 86 1, and ordered to the U.S. frigate "Potomac."
While serving in her he was present at the occupation
of Mexico, early in 1862, by the combined powers of
England, France, and Spain. When the " Potomac"
was turned into a store-ship he was ordered to the gun-
boat " Winona," of the West Gulf Blockading Squadron,
and, after several months of service in the Mississippi
River, was ordered to the steam-sloop " Monongahela,"
and subsequently to the steam-sloop " Richmond." He
was engaged in several operations with field-batteries in
the river, and subsequently in all the engagements which
led to the capture of Port Hudson, in Louisiana, from
March 16 to July 9, 1863. He was engaged in several
skirmishes, and in cutting out, under heavy fire, two
schooners engaged in supplying the rebels.
He was commissioned as lieutenant on Jul)- 18, 1862, —
only two years after leaving the Naval Academy. From
1864 to 1866 he was attached to the steam-gun-boat
" Wateree," as executive-officer, in the Pacific Squadron,
and suppressed an insurrection among the Chinese coolies
on the Chincha Islands in 1864. In 1865 he landed
with one hundred men at La Union, San Salvador, to
protect the custom-house and U. S. Consulate during a
revolution.
He was commissioned as lieutenant-commander in
July, 1866, and, upon his return from the Pacific, was or-
dered to the U. S. Naval Academy, where he remained
until 1869, when he was ordered to the U. S. ship " Be-
nicia," and served in her on the Asiatic Station until [872.
He was present at and participated in the attack upon
and complete overthrow of the forces defending the forts
on the Salee River, in Corea, in 1 871, when Lieutenant
Hugh McKee was killed at his side. After his return to
the United States in the fall of 1872 he was ordered
to the Naval Academy as head of the Department of
Modern Languages.
He was commissioned a commander in 1874, and was
ordered to command the U. S. ship " Essex" in 1876,
and served in her on the North Atlantic, West Coast of
Africa, and South Atlantic Stations until 1S79. He was
inspector of the Second Light-House District at Boston
from 1880 to 1883, when he was ordered to the Bureau
of Equipment and Recruiting at Washington.
When the " Greely Relief Expedition" was organized
in 1884, he was sent in command of it to the North
Polar regions, and rescued Lieutenant Greely and six
survivors at Cape Sabine and brought them home with
great promptitude. Partly as a reward for this service
he was promoted by President Arthur to chief of the
Bureau of Equipment and Recruiting in the Navy De-
partment, where he served until 188S, when he was reap-
pointed to the same position by President Cleveland, and
resigned the position in 1889. While in the bureau he
was promoted to captain, and in leaving this position
he was ordered the same year to command the new
cruiser " Baltimore," and served with her in the North
Atlantic, European, and South Pacific Stations.
During his command of the " Baltimore," he carried
back to Stockholm, Sweden, the remains of the late John
Ericsson, the distinguished inventor of the " Monitor."
He was in command of the "Baltimore'
complications and troubles at Valparaiso
I 891.
He is at present on light-house duty as inspector of the
Third Light-House District at Tompkinsville, New York.
Captain Schley has received two gold medals for his ser-
vices, and from his native State, Maryland, a gold chro-
nometer watch for services in the expedition which found
and rescued Lieutenant Greely and the survivors of the
" Lady Franklin Bay" in the Polar regions.
during the
Chili,
368
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
MAJOR-GENERAL JOHN M. SCHOFIELD, U.S.A.
Major-General John M. Schofield (commanding
the army) was born in New York September 29, 1831,
and graduated at the Military Academy July 1, 1853.
He was promoted brevet second lieutenant of artillery
the same day, and second lieutenant First Artillery,
August 31, 1853. He served at Fort Moultrie in 1853,
and in Florida in 1854-55, as acting assistant professor
of philosophy, and assistant professor of the same at
the Military Academy from 1856 to i860. He was on
leave of absence as professor of physics, at Washington
University, St. Louis, Missouri, in 1860-61, and when
the war of the Rebellion commenced was made muster-
ing officer for the State of Missouri, from April 20 to
May 20, 1 861. He was major of the First Missouri In-
fantry, April 26; captain, First U. S. Artillery, May 14;
brigadier-general of volunteers, November 21 ; brigadier-
general of Missouri State Militia, November 26, 1861 ;
and major-general U. S. Volunteers,' November 29,
1862.
He joined our forces near Fredericktown, Missouri ;
organized and equipped a batten', and took- part in the
battle of Fredericktown, October 21, 1861; he com-
manded the District of St. Louis, November 27, 1861,
to February, 1862, and District of Missouri from Feb-
ruary 15 to September 2<">, 1862, and organized and com-
manded the Missouri State Militia during this period.
I Ie was member of the Army and Navy Board to examine
the condition and fitness of the Mississippi Gun and Mor-
tar-boat Flotilla, December 9 to 31, 1861 ; from Septem-
ber, 1862, to April, organized 1 863, anil commanded the
Army of the Frontier, in Southwest Missouri and North-
west Arkansas, forcing the Confederates south of the
Arkansas River; in command of the Third Division,
Fourteenth Army Corps, Arm}' of the Cumberland,
April 20 to May 13, 1863; in command of the Depart-
ment of the Missouri [ex-officio major-general, command-
ing Missouri State Militia), May 13, 1863, to January 31,
1864, during which time the forces under his command
operated with success in Missouri and Arkansas as far
south as Little Rock. He commanded the Depart-
ment and Army of the Ohio, January 31, 1864, to
January 29, 1865, forming the left wing of General
Sherman's army (opposing Johnston), participating in all
the operations and movements thereof, including the At-
lanta campaign. In October, 1864, he was sent with the
Twenty-third Corps to report to General Thomas, at
Nashville, Tennessee, and commanded the troops in the
field opposed to the Confederate General Hood, from
November 13 to December I, 1864, including the battle
of Franklin, November 30. In the decisive victor}-
gained by General Thomas near Nashville, December
1 5-16, General Schofield participated with the Twenty-
third Army Corps ; in pursuit of the army under General
Hood, to January 14, 1865. At this time the Twenty-
third Army Corps, Army of the Ohio, General Schofield
commanding, was transported from Clifton, Tennessee,
to Washington, D. C, and transferred to North Carolina
by the 8th of February, 1S65. Commanded the Depart-
ment of North Carolina and Army of the Ohio, February
8, 1S65, forming a junction with General Sherman at
Goldsborough, March 22, 1865 ; present at Durham's
Station, North Carolina, April 26, 1865, and intrusted
with the execution of the terms of capitulation of John-
ston's arm}-.
General Schofield was appointed brigadier-general
U. S. Army November 30, 1864, and brevetted major-
general March 13, 1865, and on the 4th of March,
1869, was advanced to the grade of major-general U. S.
Army.
He was sent on special mission to Europe, November,
1865, to May, 1866, and successively commanded the
Department of the Potomac, Richmond, Virginia, the
First Military District (State of Virginia), and was Sec-
retary of War from June 1, 1868, to March 11, 1869.
He commanded the I >epartment of the Missouri, and
the Military Division of the Pacific until Jul}-, 1S76; was
on special mission to the Hawaiian Islands, December
30, 1872, to April, 1873; superintendent I'. S. Military
Academy, July, 1876, to January 21, 1881 ; in command
of the Military Division of the Gulf, which was discon-
tinued May 9, 1S81, and General Schofield then spent a
year in travel in Europe. He then commanded the Mil-
itary Division of the Pacific, the Division of the Mis-
souri, and the Division of the Atlantic, and was then
assigned to the command of the arm}- of the United
States, by order of the President, August 14, 1888. He
is at present in command, and president of Board of
Ordnance and Fortifications, created by Act of Congress,
approved September 22, 188S.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
369
LIEUTENANT-GENERAL WINFIELD SCOTT, U.S.A.
(deceased).
Lieutenant-General Winfield Scot t was born near
Petersburg, Virginia, June 13, 1786, the grandson of a
Scottish refugee from the field of Culloden. He was a
student at William and Mary College in 1S05, ami was
admitted to the bar at Richmond, Virginia, in 1807.
One of the sudden war excitements of the time changed
the course of his life, and he obtained a captain's com-
mission in the United States Army in 1808. He served
on the Niagara frontier throughout the war of 181 2-1 5,
and became one of its leading figures, rising rapidly
through all the grades of the service, to that of major-
general, which was then the highest. Among other
curious testimonials to his valor and conduct, he received
from Princeton College, in 1814, the honorary degree of
Doctor of Laws, a distinction on which he never ceased
to look with peculiar satisfaction. In 1841 he became
the senior major-general of the army, and in 1855, after
he had passed out of political life, the exceptional grade
of lieutenant-general was created for him. His must
noti worthy military achievement was his conduct of the
main campaign against Mexico in i 847. Landing (March
9) at Vera Cruz with but five thousand five hundred men,
he fought his way through a hostile country to the capital
city of Mexico, which he captured September 14, thereby
practically ending the war. His service, however, was
not confined to the army ; from 1S15 until 1 SO 1 he was
the most continuously prominent public man of the
country, receiving and justifying every mark of public
confidence in his integrity, tact, and reasonableness. At
a time (1823) when duelling was almost an imperative
duty of an officer, he resisted successfully the persistent
efforts of a brother-officer (Andrew Jackson) to force
him into combat ; and the simple rectitude of his inten-
tions was so evident, that he lost no ground in public
estimation. In 1832, when ordered to Charleston by
President Jackson during the " nullification" troubles, he
secured even- advantage for the government, while his
skilful and judicious conduct gave no occasion to South
Carolina for an outbreak. In like manner, in the Black
Hawk Indian troubles of 1832-
in the Canadian
"Patriot War" of 1837-38; in the boundary dispute
of 1838 between Maine and New Brunswick ; in the San
Juan difficulty in 1859, — wherever there was imminent
danger of war and a strong desire to keep the peace, all
thoughts turned instinctively to Scott as a fit instrument
of an amicable settlement, and his success always justi-
fied the course. Such a career seemed a gateway to
political preferment, and his position was strengthened by
the notorious fact that, as he was a Whig, the Democratic
administration had persistently tried to subordinate his
claims to those of officers of its own part)'. In 1852 his
party nominated him for the Presidency; but, though his
services had been so great, and his capacity and integ-
rity were beyond question, he had other qualities which
counted against him. He was easily betrayed into the
most egregious blunders of speech and action, which,
drawing additional zest from his portly and massive form
and a somewhat pompous ceremoniousness of manner,
destroyed his chances of election in the North. The
Southern Whigs, believing him to be under the influence
of the Seward or anti-slavery wing of the party, cast no
strong vote for him, and he was overwhelmingly defeated
in both sections, completing the final overthrow of his
party. In 1861 he remained at the head of the United
States armies, in spite of the secession of his State, until
November, when he retired on account of old age and
infirmities. After travelling for a time in Europe, he pub-
lished, in 1864, his autobiography, a work which reveals
the strong and weak points of his character, — his integ-
rity and complete honesty of purpose, his inclination to
personal vanity, his rigid precision in every point of
military precedent and etiquette, and his laborious affec-
tation of an intimate acquaintance with belles-lettres.
He died at West Point, New York, May 29, 1866.
47
370
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND XAVY (regular
MAJOR AND BRHYHT COLONFL JAMES WALL
SCULLY. U.S.A.
Major and Brevet Colonel James Wall Scully
(Quartermaster's Department) was born in Ireland, Feb-
ruary 19, 1837, °f the Tipperary family of Scullys, who
have been members of the British House of Commons
for man_\' years.
An ancestor, Captain James Cantwell (cavalry), served
in the British army in the war of the American Revolu-
tion, and another, Captain Joseph Cairns (infantry), served
on the American side in the same war.
From his seventh to tenth year he was a student at
Saint Kieran's College, in Kilkenny; came to the United
States in 1N4N, and attended school at, Albany, New
York. He left school and enlisted in the U. S. Cavalry,
and was attached to the " permanent party" at Carlisle
Barracks, Pennsylvania, and in February, 1S57, he was
transferred to Light Battery K, First Artillery. He
served on the Texas frontier until the breaking out of
the war of the Rebellion, when he marched with his
battery from Fort Duncan, Texas, to Brazos Santiago,
in February, 1861, being part of the command that
refused to surrender to the rebels under the orders of
General Twiggs. He commanded the detachment that
hauled down the rebel flags from the court-house and
other buildings at Key West, Florida, in 1861. He was
discharged, on account of expiration of term of service,
September 20, 1861.
He entered the volunteer service as first lieutenant and
regimental quartermaster of the Tenth Tennessee Infan-
try July 14, [862; was appointed lieutenant-colonel Au-
gust 21, 1863, and promoted colonel June 6, 1864. He
served with his regiment in the Army of the Cumberland,
commanding regiment and troops on Nashville and N.
W. Railroad t' > June. [864; special service with regiment
and disbursing officer of quartermaster and commissary
departments of expedition against General Morgan in
Tennessee. He was aide-de-camp to General George H.
Thomas in the Mill Spring and Shiloh campaigns, and
was second in command to General A. C. Gillcm in the
campaign against the rebel General John H. Morgan
when that officer was killed.
Colonel Scull}- was quartermaster-general of the State
of Tennessee from August to November, 1S64, and com-
manded his regiment in the field. He was honorably
mustered out May 25, 1865, and was appointed captain
and assistant quartermaster of volunteers September 2;,
(865, and two days later appointed to the same office in
the regular service. He was made brevet major Septem-
ber 27, 1865, for "gallant and meritorious services in
the battle of Mill Spring, Kentucky;" lieutenant-colonel
September 2j , 1865, for " gallant and meritorious services
in the battle of Shiloh, Tennessee ;" colonel September 27,
1865, fir "gallant and meritorious sen-ices in the battle
of Nashville, Tennesse."
Colonel Scully served as depot quartermaster, Natchez,
Mississippi, from January to May, 1S66; depot quarter-
master, Vicksburg, Mississippi, to June, 1S67; inspector
of the Freedmen's Bureau, State of Mississippi, from
December, 1867, to February, 1868; depot quartermaster,
Vicksburg, Mississippi, to March, 1S69; inspecting duty
in Texas from April to July, 1869; depot and post quar-
termaster, Corpus Christi, Texas, to June, 1870; Ring-
gold Barracks, Texas, August, 1871 ; Sioux City, Iowa,
December, 1S71, to April, 1872; Fort Rice, Dakota,
1872 to 1878; Camp Thomas, Arizona Territory, from
1879 to [882; Fort Adams, [883; and at various other
stations till 1890; present station, Atlanta, Georgia.
He was promoted major in the Quartermaster's De-
partment January 25, 1883.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
3/i
CAPTAIN CLINTON B. SEARS, U.S.A.
Captain Clinton B. Sears (Engineer Corps) was
born in New York June 2, 1S44, and graduated at the
Military Academy June 17, 1867, and promoted first
lieutenant the same day. He entered the volunteer
service as private of Company G, Ninety-fifth Ohio
Infantry, July 24, 1862, and was promoted corporal sub-
sequently.
He participated in Buell's campaign after Bragg,
and in the Stone River campaign, where he was on
detached duty. He rejoined his regiment in February,
1863, at Memphis, Tennessee, and participated in the
Vicksburg campaign, and in several minor actions, having
been engaged in the battle of Richmond, Kentucky ;
battle of Perryville, Kentucky ; both assaults on Vicks-
burg, Mississippi, and two attacks on Jackson, Missis-
sippi. He was honorably mentioned in general orders
from the head-quarters of his regiment, and " specially
commended for gallantry in volunteering to carry the
regimental colors," and was appointed color-sergeant
April 25, 1863.
He has meritorious mention by name in General Or-
der No. 66, 1863, head-quarters Fifteenth Army Corps,
and recommended to the Secretary of War for appoint-
ment as cadet at the U. S. Military Academy. He was
recommended for the same position, also, by Generals
Grant and Sherman, and was so appointed September
16, 1863.
After graduating in 1867, he was promoted first lieu-
tenant of the U. S. Corps of Engineers, and was detailed
as assistant instructor of artillery tactics and practical
military engineering at the Military Academy from July
5 to August 31, 1867, when he was placed on duty with
the Engineer Battalion to February 1, 1869; then was
assistant instructor of practical military engineering,
signalling, and telegraphy at the Military Academy to
February I, 1870.
He then entered upon regular engineering duty, as
assistant engineer on Lake Erie harbor improvements,
to March 23, 1870; engineer officer on the general staff,
Military Division of the Pacific, to July 21, 1870; chief
engineer on staff of General Canby, Department of the
Columbia, to May 6, 1871 ; assistant engineer on the
defences of San Francisco harbor to August 14, 1S71;
executive engineer in charge of improvement of Wil-
mington harbor, California, to September 3, 1875 ; tem-
porarily detached, February, 1S73, to make a survey for
the improvement of Estero Bay, at Moro, California ;
on leave October 1, 1875, to January 1, 1876; assistant
engineer defences of Boston harbor to August 28, 1876;
at the U. S. Military Academy as principal assistant pro-
fessor of civil and military engineering to August 25,
1877; principal assistant professor of geography, history,
and ethics, to July 1, 1878; and principal assistant pro-
fessor of natural and experimental philosophy and as-
tronomy to April 13, 1882; also during the last year
in charge of the construction of the new Astronomical
Observatory at West Point ; executive-officer Construc-
tion Department, Mississippi River Commission, with
station at St. Louis, Missouri, from April, 1 882, to April,
1SS4; in charge of Third District, improving Mississippi
River, with station at Vicksburg, Mississippi, and after-
wards at Memphis, Tennessee, to May 14, 1886; tem-
porarily in charge of the Second District from August
31, 1884, to March 10, 1885 ; and of the First and Second
Districts from July 6 to October 6, 1885 ; on leave of
absence to September 14, 1886 ; in charge of the improve-
ment of Upper Missouri and Yellowstone Rivers, and
from March 28, 1887, of the improvement of roads and
bridges, Yellowstone National Park, to April 16, 1S88,
with station at Bismarck, Dakota Territory, and after-
wards at St. Paul, Minnesota; assistant to the chief of
engineers in charge of the First and Second Division of
the office at Washington, D. C, to June 18, 1890. On
duty with the Battalion of Engineers, in command of
Company A, and instructor of submarine mining, U. S.
Engineer School, Willet's Point, New York, at the present
time ; on special duty in June, 1889, at Johnstown, Penn-
sylvania, in charge of construction of pontoon bridges in
aid of the survivors of the great flood. He was promoted
captain April 9, 1880.
Captain Sears is the author of " Principles of Tidal
Harbor Improvements" and " Ransom Genealogy." He
is a member of the New York Society of the Sons of
the Revolution and D. C. Society Sons of the American
Revolution, and of the American Institute of Civics ;
Fellow National Academy of Design; member Mili-
tary Order Loyal Legion, U. S. ; honorary degrees of
A. B. from Ohio Western University, 1881 ; of A. M.,
1 8S4.
-V-
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
CAPTAIN FRANCIS W. SEELEY, U.S.A.
Captain Francis W. Seeley entered the regular army
February 15, 1855, as private in Batten- E, Third Artil-
lery, and was promoted brevet second lieutenant Third
Artillery September 19, i860; second lieutenant Fourth
Artillery February 4, 1861 ; first lieutenant Fourth Artil-
lery May 14, [861, and captain Fourth Artillery July 11,
1864. lie was on duty in the Adjutant-General's Office
from February 21 to March, 1 86 1, and joined Battery II,
Second Artillery, April 1, serving with it at Washington,
D. C, to April 5, 1 861, when ordered to Fort Pickens,
Florida. Mere the lieutenant served as adjutant-general
of the department, under Col. Harvey Broun, from July,
1 Shi, to |an. 18, 1862, and was present at the action of
Santa Rosa Island, Florida, and bombardments of Forts
McRae and Barrancas, Now 22, 1861, and Jan. 1, 1862.
He then left to join his own batten- and regiment,
which he served with at Washington City to March
10, when he took the field with the Army of the Po-
tomac, participating in the siege of Yorktown, Virginia;
Oak Grove, Virginia; Malvern Hill, Virginia (July 1,
[862); Malvern Hill (August 5, 1862); Fredericksburg,
Virginia; Chancellorsville, Virginia, and Gettysburg,
Pennsylvania (where he was twice wounded), — having
commanded his battery in all the above engagements.
( )n account of his wounds, Lieutenant Seeley was forced
to leave the held until August 15, 1863, when he rejoined
the Army of the Potomac and commanded his battery to
October 1. 1863. He was appointed regimental quarter-
master, ami reported at Fort Washington, Md., remain-
ing on duty there until he resigned, August 31, 1 81 '4.
The following is an extract from the Report of the
Congressional Committee on the Conduct of the War:
"... At the conclusion of the battle of Sunday,
Captain Seeley's batten-, which was the last battery that
fired a shot in the battle of Chancellorsville, had forty-
five horses killed, and in the neighborhood of forty
men killed and wounded ; but being a soldier of great
pride and ambition, and not wishing to leave any of his
material in the hands of the enemy, he withdrew so
entirely at his leisure that he carried off all the harness
from his dead horses, loading his cannoneers with it;
he even took a part of a set of harness on his own arm,
and so moved to the rear. ..."
And from an extract from the official report of Major-
General Humphreys on the battle of Gettysburg, and
referring to the occasion of Longstreet's attack :
" Seeley's batten- ( K, Fourth U. S. Artillery) was placed
at my disposal. . . . The firing of Seeley's battery was
splendid, and excited my admiration, as well as that of
even- officer who beheld it. His loss in men and horses
was heavy, — including himself, severely wounded."
In Walker's " History of the Second Army Corps" his
batter_\- is mentioned in most favorable terms (referring
to Malvern Hill): "The regular batteries of Kings-
bur)-, Seeley, and Ames, and the volunteer battery of
Weeden, far surpassed the ordinary achievements of
artillery; they fairly smashed the artillery which the
Confederates sought to bring into action; battery after
battery, on that side, was driven from the field, with-
out being able to get a single shot out of one of their
guns; while upon the daring infantry lines which pressed
forward in the hope of carrying the crest they rained a
fire which, for destructiveness, has seldom, if ever, been
exceeded in the history of the war." In regard to Chan-
cellorsville: "One of General Sickles's batteries, K, of
the 4th U. S., holds its post after all the infantry has
passed to the rear, exchanging fire with the advancing
enemy ; only when these are close upon his guns does the
gallant commander, Seeley, condescend to retire, carrying
along everything that might serve the enemy as a trophy"
In " Historical Sketches of the U. S. Army," the his-
torian writes of his battery as follows: " May 3 it fought
at Chancellorsville, losing Lieutenant I. Arnold (Ord-
nance Department, attached), wounded, ami forty-four
men and fifty-nine horses killed and wounded. It was in
this battle, on the height at Fairview, at the extreme left
of the crest, while under the most terrific fire, that K
Batten- won the admiration of all who beheld it; anil its
record at Chancellorsville under Lieutenant F. W. Seeley,
that prince of battery commanders, must always form one
of the brightest pages hi the history of our light artillery.
Its work may be equalled, but it cannot be surpassed."
Captain Seeley resigned Aug. 31, 1864, on account of
physical disability resulting from wounds, since which time
he has been a resident of Minn., in which State he has
held prominent civil positions, and has served one term as
adjutant-general, with the rank of brigadier-general. lie
was recommended for several brevets, but his early sep-
aration from the service prevented action on them.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
5/5
CAPTAIN T. O. SELFRIDGE, JR., U.S.N.
Captain T. O. Selfridge, Jr., was born in Boston,
Mass.; he entered the Naval Academy in October, 185 1,
and graduated in June, 1853, at the head of his class.
Was the first naval officer to receive a diploma of grad-
uation under the present organization of the Naval
Academy. Served in the Pacific on board the " Inde-
pendence." Promoted passed midshipman, November,
1856. On coast survey, anil master of the " Vincennes,"
coast of Africa, until April, 1S60. He had been com-
missioned lieutenant, February, i860. Ordered to flag-
ship "Cumberland," of the Home Squadron, he was
present at the destruction of the Norfolk Navy- Yard in
April, 1S61 ; the bombardment and capture of the I lat-
teras forts in September, 1861. Volunteered for the
command of a cutting-out expedition from the " Cum-
berland," at Newport News, February, 1862. Second
lieutenant of the " Cumberland," and in command of
gun-deck battery, when that vessel went down, with her
flag flying. Me jumped from a port, and swam to a
boat. Ordered to command the " Monitor," after Cap-
inn Worden was wounded. Then served as flag-lieu-
tenant of the North Atlantic licet. Present at recapture
of Norfolk, and the destruction of defences in Virginia
waters. Volunteered for service in a submarine torpedo-
boat which proved a failure for want of speed. Was
next ordered to the " .Mississippi," having been commis-
sioned lieutenant-commander in Jul)-, 1862. Commanded
the iron-clad " Cairo," and, while in command of a flotilla
of gun-boats, forcing the passage of the Yazoo, was
blown up by a torpedo. Then commanded the gun-
boats " Conestoga" and " Manitou." Commanded a
battery at the siege of Vicksburg, with guns and men
from the " Manitou." After capture of Vicksburg com-
manded flotilla of gun-boats in the Red and Teiwis
Rivers. While in the " Conestoga," had many engage-
ments, and was sunk, .March S, [863, in that vessel, by
collision with rebel ram, " General Price." Commanded
the iron-clad " Osage," in the Red River expedition. On
its return brought up the rear, and, in company with
" Lexington," while aground, was attacked by a battery
and a brigade of dismounted cavalry, but defeated them,
with loss of their general and four hundred men. Then
commanded "Vindicator," and the Fifth Division of the
Mississippi fleet. When Admiral Porter was ordered to
the East, Lieutenant-Commander Selfridge was one of
the officers selected to accompany him, and was assigned
to the command of the gun-boat " Huron," in which he-
took part in both bombardments of Fort Fisher, and
volunteered for and commanded the third division of
the assaulting columns of seamen and marines. Took
part in the bombardment of Fort Anderson, and the
subsequent capture of Wilmington, lie was three times
recommended for promotion by Admiral Porter, and
was selected for a promotion of thirty numbers by the
Board of Admirals assembled at Washington, at the
(lose of the Civil War. lie then next served at the
Naval Academy, and commanded the "Macedonian,"
in the practice cruises of 1867-68. lie then went to
the command of the " Nipsic," in the West Indies.
Commissioned commander in December, 1X69. Was in
charge of the expedition for the surveys of the Isthmus
of Darien in 1869, having four vessels under his com-
mand,— " ( ruard," " Penobscot," " Nyack," and " Resaca."
These important surveys continued until 1 874. Ex-
plored and reported upon all the country south of
Panama to the head-waters of the Atrato River, in
South America. After home service at Boston, was
selected to make a survey of the Amazon and Madeira
Rivers, in South America. He ascended these rivers, in
the " Enterprise," thirteen hundred miles, and completed
the survey, returning to the United States, October, 1878.
Commanded the " Enterprise" in the European Squadron
in 1879-80. Was invited as special delegate by Ferdi-
nand de Lesseps to the International Canal Congress
at Paris, in May, 1879. Received from the French gov-
ernment the Decoration of the Legion of Honor, in
recognition of the work performed in the survey of the
Isthmus of Darien, and was made an honorary member
of the Royal Geographical Society of Belgium. P'rom
1880 to 1884 was in charge of the Torpedo Station at
Newport, Rhode Island; captain, 1881. Commanded
" Omaha," Asiatic Squadron, 1885—87. Was tried by
court-martial for alleged carelessness and neglect of
duty in conducting target-practice on the coast of Japan,
and wholly and honorably acquitted by the court, June,
1888.
lie was a member of Board of Inspection, 1889-90.
Detailed as commandant of the Boston Navy- Yard, June,
1890.
374
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY regular)
CAPTAIN R. G. SHAW. U.S.A.
Captain R. G. Shaw (First Artillery) was born in
Rhode Island, J Line 29, 1832. He entered the volunteer
service, early in the war of the Rebellion, as captain of
the Third Rhode Island Artillery, August 27, [861, and
participated in ( ieneralW.T. Sherman's Port Royal, South
Carolina, expedition at Hilton Head and Bay Point,
South Carolina, in command of Company D, Third Rhode
Island Artillery, and was engaged in the operations re-
sulting in the capture of Morris Island, South Carolina.
I [e commanded his battery in the assault and capture of
the Confederate batteries on the lower end of the island.
Captain Shaw commanded the 30-pounder siege
battery at the siege of Port Wagner, South Carolina,
and commanded the same battery in the operations
against Fort Gregg, at Cumming's Point, South Carolina.
He commanded Battery " Hayes" (200-pounder guns) at
the siege of Fort Sumter, South Carolina.
After the capture of Fort Wagner by the Union
forces, he was assigned to the command of the latter
battery, which, in connection with other Union batteries,
was continuously engaged with the Confederate batteries
in Charleston harbor until the date of the capture of the
city by General W. T. Sherman's army.
Captain Shaw remained in command of Batter)' Gregg
until January 13, 1864; then he accepted the appointment
of major of the Fourteenth Rhode Island Artillery (col-
ored), and took command of the second battalion of that
regiment at English Turn, Louisiana. He was soon
afterwards assigned to the command of the troops and
post of Plaquemine, Louisiana. He remained in com-
mand of that post and military district until the close of
the war. He was honorably mustered out of the volun-
teer service October 2, 1865.
Captain Shaw entered the regular service as second
lieutenant First Artillery, May, 1866, and was brevetted
captain U. S. Army for "gallant and meritorious services
on Morris Island, South Carolina," March 2, 1867.
He was promoted first lieutenant July 28, 1866, and
captain September 20, 1883. He has served continuously
in the First Artillery since date of appointment, and is at
present on duty at Fort Hamilton, New York harbor.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
575
COLONEL AND BREVET BRIGADIER-GENERAL
OLIVER L. SHEPHERD, U.S.A. (retired).
Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-General Oliver
L. Shepherd was born in New York, and graduated at
the Military Academy July i, 1840. He was promoted
brevet second lieutenant Fourth Infantry the same day,
second lieutenant Third Infantry October 2, 1S40, and
first lieutenant November 3, 1845. He served at Fort
Gibson, Indian Territory, 1840-41 ; in the Florida War,
[841-42 ; at Fort Stansbury, Florida, 1842-43 ; at Jeffer-
son Barracks, Missouri, 1843-44, and at Fort Jesup,
Louisiana, 1844-45. He participated in the military
occupation of Texas, and in the war with Mexico, and
was engaged in the battles of Palo Alto, May 8, and
Resaca de la Palma, May 9, 1846. He was then ordered
on recruiting service, but rejoined the army in Mexico
in time to take part in the skirmish at the National
Bridge, August 12; Plan del Rio, August 15 ; Ocalaca,
August 16; battle of Contreras, August 19-20; battle of
Churubusco, August 20; storming of Chapultepec, Sep-
tember 13; and assault and capture of the City of
Mexico, September 13-14, 1847. He was brevetted cap-
tain for gallant and meritorious conduct in the battles of
Contreras and Churubusco, and major for gallant and
meritorious conduct in the battle of Chapultepec, and
was promoted captain Third Infantry, December I, 1847.
After the war with Mexico he served at East Pas-
cagoula, Mississippi, and San Antonio, Texas, until 1849,
when he marched to El Paso, and was then stationed at
Fort Bliss, Texas, Doiia Ana, Fort Conrad, Camp Vigi-
lance, Fort Defiance, and Albuquerque, New Mexico,
until 1856, when he participated in a scout against
Apache Indians, and was engaged in a skirmish on the
Sierra del Amagre, New Mexico, in March of that year.
He wTas at Fort Defiance and Albuquerque until 1857,
when he took part in the Gila Expedition, and was
engaged in a skirmish at the Canon de los Muertos Car-
neros, New Mexico, against Mogollan Indians, May 24,
1857. He was again stationed at P"ort Defiance in 1858
-59, and participated in the Navajo Expedition of 1859,
returning to Fort Defiance, where his able defence of
that post from an attack of Navajo Indians just before
daybreak, April 30, i860, is spoken of in General Scott's
orders of that year. Subsequently in the same year he
marched to Texas, and occupied stations at Forts Clark
and Duncan, until early in 1 86 1, when he moved to Fort
New York.
Captain Shepherd was appointed lieutenant-colonel
Eighteenth Infantry, Ma)- 14, 1861, serving in command
of a battalion of the Third Infantry during May and
June, 1861. He was then on mustering duty in New
York City to December, 1S61, when he participated in
the Tennessee and Mississippi campaign of the Army
of the Ohio, being engaged in the advance upon and
siege of Corinth, Mississippi, April and Ma)-, 1862, rout-
ing a rebel camp May I", 1862, and pursuit to Baldwin,
Mississippi, to May 31, 1862. He then participated in
Major-General Buell's movement through Alabama and
Tennessee, to Louisville, Kentucky, from July to Sep-
tember, 1862. After serving as a member of a court of
inquiry at Allegheny Arsenal, Pennsylvania, in October
and November, he participated in Major-General Rose-
crans's Tennessee campaign with the Army of the
Cumberland, from November, 1862, to April 17, 1863,
commanding the brigade of regulars in the battle of
Stone River, December 31, 1862.
He was brevetted colonel May 17, 1862, for gallant
and meritorious conduct at the siege of Corinth, Missis-
sippi, and promoted colonel of the Fifteenth Infantry,
January 21, 1863, when he was assigned as superintend-
ent of Regimental Recruiting Service at Fort Adams,
from May 7, 1863, to February 13, 1866.
Colonel Shepherd was brevetted brigadier-general
U.S. Army, March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious
services at the battle of Stone River, Tennessee.
At the close of the war, General Shepherd was ordered
to Georgia, and served in command of his regiment in
the reconstruction of the State of Alabama, until Decem-
ber 31, 1867. The first assembly under the new constitu-
tion was held during that time. He was then on leave
of absence and awaiting orders until March 6, 1868,
when he was again in command of his regiment and sub-
district of Alabama until August 12, and the post of
Marshall, Texas, to September 3, 1868. After this he
was awaiting orders before Sub-Judiciary Committee of
the House of Representatives, and on court of inquiry,
until 1S69. He was then in command of his regiment to
Nov. 13, 1869, and on leave of absence to Dec. 15, 1870,
when he was retired from active service on his own ap-
plication, after thirty consecutive years of service.
376
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NA VY (regular)
GENERAL PHILIP HENRY SHERIDAN, U.S.A.
(deceased).
General Philip Henry Sheridan was born in Al-
bany, New York, in March, 1831. Jle graduated from
the U. S. Military Academy in July, 1853. He was ap-
pointed brevet second lieutenant of the Third Infantry.
After serving in Kentucky, Texas, and Oregon, he was
made second lieutenant of the Fourth Infantry November
22, 1854, first lieutenant March I, [861, and captain
Thirteenth Infantry May 14, 1S61. In December of that
year was chief quartermaster and commissar)' of Armv
of Southwest Missouri; served in Mississippi campaign
from April to September, 1862; was appointed colonel
of the Second Michigan Cavalry May 20, 1862 ; on July
1 was sent to make a raid on Booneville, Mississippi.
He did excellent service in pursuit of the enemy from
Corinth to Baldwin, and in man)- skirmishes during July
and at battle of Booneville. Appointed brigadier-general
of volunteers, and on October 1 was placed in command
of the Eleventh Division of the Army of the Ohio, lie
was distinguished for his services at Perryville on Octo-
ber 8, having driven back the enemy.
Marched with army to relief of Nashville, October and
November. Was placed in command of Arm)- of Cum-
berland, and took part in the two daws' battle of Stone
River, December 31, 1S62, and January 3, 1863. Divi-
sion after division was driven back by Bragg's arm)- until
Sheridan was reached, and the fate of the day seemed to
be in his hands. He resisted vigorously, then advanced,
and drove the enemy back ; held the overwhelming force
in check, and retired only at the point of the bayonet.
This brilliant work enabled General Rosecrans to form
new lines in harmony with his overpowered right. He
was appointed major-general of volunteers, to date from
December 31, 1862. Was with army crossing Cum-
berland Mountains and Tennessee River, August and
September 6, and in battle of Chickamauga, September
19 and 20. At this battle he rendered valuable assistance
to General Thomas, when a gap occurred in the centre
of his line through the misconception of an order. Took
part in the battles of Lookout Mountain and Missionary
Ridge. In this latter action he first attracted the atten-
tion of General Grant, who saw that he might be one of
his most useful lieutenants in the future.
He was transferred to Virginia by Grant, and on April
4, 1864, placed in command of Cavalry Corps of Army
of Potomac, all the cavalry being consolidated to form
that command. lie took part in the bloody battle of the
Wilderness, May 5 and 6, 1864, being constantly engaged
in raids against the enemy's flanks and rear. His fight
at Todd's Tavern was an important aid to the movements
of the army, and his capture of Spottsylvania Court-
House added to his reputation for dash and daring.
Was in battle of Cold Harbor, on Ma)- 31 and June 3.
After cutting the Virginia Central and Richmond and
Fredericksburg Railroads, capturing five hundred pris-
oners, he joined the Army of the Potomac for a short
period, and took part in their battles till the end of Jul)-.
In August, 1 S64, he was placed in command of the Army
ofthe Shenandoah. On the 19th of September Sheridan
drove Early's army through Winchester and captured
five thousand prisoners and \\\c guns. Early, on ( )cto-
ber 19, attacked Sheridan's arm)-. They gave way, and
soon the whole army was in retreat. Sheridan had been
in Washington, and at this juncture had just returned to
Winchester, twenty miles from the field. Hearing the
sound of the battle, he rode rapidly and arrived on the
field at ten o'clock. As he rode up, he shouted, " E"ace
the other way, boys ; we are going back." A succession
of attacks was made, and Early's arm)- was driven back-
as far as Mount Jackson. The Confederates lost in the
campaign sixteen thousand nine hundred anil fifty-two
killed or wounded and thirteen thousand prisoners. Be-
tween Feb. 2j and March 24, 1865, he conducted, with
ten thousand cavalry, a colossal raid from Winchester
to Petersburg. His battle of Five Forks was one of the
most brilliant and decisive of the engagements of the war,
and compelled Lee's evacuation of Petersburg and Rich-
mond, leaving in Sheridan's hands six thousand prisoners.
After the war Sheridan had command of several of
the departments. In 1867 he conducted a winter cam-
paign against the Indians. In 1870 he visited Europe
to witness the Franco-Prussian war. On the retire-
ment of Sherman, in 1883, he was made lieutenant-gen-
eral. In May, 1888, while he was ill, President Cleve-
land signed a bill commissioning him a full general, and
on August 5, 1S88, he died. Sheridan never was de-
feated, and often plucked victory out of the jaws of
defeat, lie bore the nick-name of" Little Phil;" he was
below middle height, and very powerfully built.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
377
GENERAL WILLIAM T. SHERMAN. U.S.A.
(deceased).
General William T. Sherman was born in Ohio Feb-
ruary S, 1820, and graduated from the Military Acad-
emy July 1, 1840. He was promoted second lieutenant
Third Artillery the same day, and first lieutenant Novem-
ber 30, 1 84 1. He served in the Florida War, 1840-41 ;
on duty in various Southern States and in Pennsylvania,
1842-46; on breaking out of war with Mexico applied
for duty in the field, and was assigned to Company F,
Third Artillery, then under orders for California; he was
bearer of despatches from General Smith to War Depart-
ment, and, after six months' leave of absence, joined Com-
pany C, Third Artillery, at Jefferson Barracks, Missouri.
He was appointed captain and commissary of subsistence
September 27, 1850, and stationed at St. Louis and New
Orleans, but resigned from the army September 6, 1S53,
and entered upon a civil career as a banker in San Fran-
cisco and New York until 1857; was major-general of
California Militia in 1856; counsellor-at-Iaw at Leaven-
worth, Kansas, 1858-59; superintendent of the La. State
Seminary of Learning and Military Academy, 1859-61.
At the breaking out of the war of the Rebellion, he
was reappointed in the U. S. Army, colonel of the Thir-
teenth Infantry, May 14, 1861, and brigadier-general of
volunteers May 17, 1861. He served in the defences of
Washington, and was in command of a brigade in the
Army of the Potomac, in the Manassas campaign, until
Jul)7 23, being engaged in the battle of Bull Run, July
21, 1 86 1. He was then assigned to duty in the Depart-
ment of the Cumberland until November, 1861, when he
was transferred for duty to the Department of the Mis-
souri, and ordered to report to Major-General Halleck at
St. Louis; on inspection duty at Sedalia, Missouri, and
commanding camp of instruction at Benton Barracks,
Missouri, 1861-62; at post of Paducah, Kentucky, ex-
pediting and facilitating operations in progress up the
Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers, and organizing a di-
vision to be commanded by himself; bore a distinguished
part in the battle of Shiloh and in the operations against
Corinth ; commanding District of Memphis and an ex-
pedition against Vicksburg, 1862; assigned to command
of Fifteenth Army Corps in January, 1863 ; participated
in capture of Arkansas Post; took part in operations
preceding and attending siege of Vicksburg; assigned to
command of Department of the Tennessee October 27,
1863; joined his forces to the army under General Grant
at Chattanooga, Tennessee, and bore a conspicuous part in
the battle of that name ; moved with great energy to the
relief of General Burnside at Knoxville, Tennessee, and
returned to Chattanooga, 1863 ; made an expedition from
Vicksburg to Meridian, Mississippi, destroying much rail-
road and war material thereabouts, and returned to Vicks-
burg; assumed command of Military Division of the Mis-
4S
sissippi March 18, 1864; captured Atlanta, Georgia, and
made his march to the sea which terminated in the cap-
ture of Savannah, Georgia, December 21, 1864; marched
northward from Savannah, captured Columbia, South
Carolina, compelling the evacuation of Charleston; re-
pulsed the enemy under General J. E. Johnston at Ben-
tonville, ami joined his forces with those of General Scho-
field at Goldsborough ; moved against General Johnston,
who, on April 26, 1865, surrendered his army on the
same terms as had been granted General Lee.
General Sherman was appointed major-general of vol-
unteers May 1, 1862, and brigadier-general U. S. Army
July 4, 1863. He had conferred on him the commission
of major-general, August I 2, 1 864, for " gallant and distin-
guished services as commander of the Mississippi Division
in the conduct of the campaign in Georgia," and was fur-
ther honorably mentioned by Congress in the following
joint resolution of thanks, February 19, 1864:
" To Major-General W. T. Sherman and the officers and
soldiers of the Army of the Tennessee for their gallant and
arduous services in marching to the relief of the Army of
the Cumberland, and for their gallantry and heroism in
the battle of Chattanooga, which contributed in a great
degree to the success of our arms in that glorious vic-
tory." June 10, 1865 : "To Major-General W. T. Sher-
man and officers and soldiers of his command for their
gallantry and good conduct in their late campaign from
Chattanooga to Atlanta and the triumphal march thence
through Georgia to Savannah, terminating in the capture
and occupation of that city."
General Sherman, after the war closed, commanded
several of the most important military divisions, and was
appointed lieutenant-general, U.S. Army, July 25, 1866.
Appointed general of the army, March 5, 1869, and re-
tained that position until retired from active service, Feb.
8, 1884. He died Feb. 14, 1 89 1 , at New York City.
378
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
MEDICAL DIRECTOR EDWARD SHIPPEN, U.S.N.
(retired).
Medical Director Edward Shippen was burn in
New Jersey, but belongs to a family long settled in
Philadelphia, and numbering among its members the first
mayor (under the proprietor), a colonel of Colonial
troops, the first public lecturer on anatomy in this coun-
try,— win) was afterwards a surgeon-general of the Revo-
lutionary army, — and a chief justice, both under the
Crown and the State.
Medical Director Shippen is Bachelor of Arts and
Master of Arts, of Princeton ; Doctor of 'Medicine, of the
University of Pennsylvania; a member of the Historical
Society, and Fellow of that venerable institution, the
College of Physicians of Philadelphia; president of the
Genealogical Society of Pennsylvania ; and Companion of
the Military < )rder of the Loyal Legion.
He was appointed from Pennsylvania, August 7, [849.
Entered the service as assistant-surgeon; attached to
sloop " Marion," and was on board that vessel when the
Portuguese frigate " Donna Maria Segunda" was torn to
fragments by the explosion of her magazines, when
within a cable's length of the " Marion." Of the large
number of people on board, nine were rescued alive by
the " Marion's" people, of whom only three survived, —
one white man and two Lascars. The only person seri-
ously injured on board the " Marion" was a boat-keeper
on the side away from the explosion. Some of the
frigate's guns and one of her lower masts went clear
over tlie "Marion." East India Squadron, 1849-52;
receiving-ship " Ohio," Boston, 1852-53; steamer "Ful-
ton," Fishing-Banks Squadron, 1853; steamer " Hetzel,"
Coast Survey, 1854; brig " Dolphin," coast of Africa,
1855-57. During his cruise in the " Dolphin," he was
present at the bombardment of a native town; at two
landings for the protection of white traders and other
interesting proceedings. The " Dolphin" ascended the
river Congo for mail)' miles, at a time when it was an
unknown stream, except to slave-traders. Rendezvous,
Philadelphia, 1857; Naval Asylum, Philadelphia, 1858;
steamer " Caledonia," Paraguay Expedition, 1S59; flag-
ship "Congress," Brazil Squadron, 1859-61.
Commissioned as surgeon April 26, 1861 ; frigate
"Congress," North Atlantic Blockading Squadron,
1S61-62; in the " Congress" when attacked by the rebel
ram " Merrimac," at Newport News, and injured by shell ;
recorder of Medical Examining Board, Philadelphia,
[862; receiving-ship and special recruiting duty, New
York-, 1862-64. During this time frequently employed,
in the dearth of line officers, in carrying drafts of men
to Philadelphia and Washington. Frigate " New Iron-
sides," North Atlantic Squadron, [864-65 ; at both battles
of Fort Fisher, and at Bermuda Hundred; steam-sloop
" Canandaigua," European Squadron, 1866-68; during
which made the Russian cruise, under Admiral Far-
ragut; member of Naval Retiring Board, Philadelphia,
1868; surgeon of the Naval Academy, Annapolis, Mary-
land, from 1869 to 1 87 1 ; fleet-surgeon, European Station,
1871-73; Navy- Yard, Philadelphia, 1873; Naval Hos-
pital, Philadelphia, 1874-79.
Commissioned as medical director, 1876; president
of the Naval Medical Examining Board, Philadelphia,
1880-81 ; president Board of Examiners, March, 1881-
83; Naval Hospital, Philadelphia, [883-86; special duty,
Philadelphia, 1S86-88. Retired, 1S88.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
379
CHIEF-ENGINEER WILLIAM H. SHOCK, U.S.N.
(retired).
Chief-Engineer William II. Shock was born in
Maryland, and appointed third assistant engineer from
that State in January. 1845. Served during the Mexican
War in the " General Taylor," " Princeton," " Spitfire,"
and frigate " Mississippi," in which vessels he participated
in the capture of Tampico, under Commodore Conner,
and Alvarado, Tuxpan, Tlacotalpan, and Vera Cruz,
under Commodore Pern-. Promoted second assistant
engineer July 10, 1X47. Served in the steamer "Engi-
neer," of the Home Squadron. Promoted to first as-
sistant engineer October 31, 1848, and in 1849 was senior
engineer of the steamer " Legare," on the Coast Survey.
The next two years were spent upon special duty at Phila-
delphia, superintending the construction of the machinery
of the steam-frigate " Susquehanna." Promoted chief
engineer in March, 185 I, and was ordered to Boston to
superintend the construction of the new machinery for
the " Princeton," where he spent two years. In 1853 and
[854 he was inspecting engineer of ocean steamers for
United States mail service, and chief engineer of the
steamer " Princeton," of the Home Squadron. During
1S54-55 he was at the West Point Works, superintend-
ing the construction of machinery for the steam-frigate
" Merrimac." In 1855-56 he served as chief engineer of
the " Merrimac," on the Home Station. That ship was
then one of the most formidable afloat in any navy. From
1857 to i860 he was chief engineer of the steam-frigate
" Powhatan," of the East India Squadron. In 1860-62
he was president of the Examining Hoard of Engineers,
and for the next two years was on special duty at St.
Louis, superintending the construction of river monitors.
From 1 863 to 1865 he was fleet-engineer of the West
Gulf Squadron, participating in the capture of Forts
Gaines and Morgan, under Admiral Farragut, and the
Spanish Fort and city of Mobile, under Admiral Thatcher.
After the war he served two years as chief engineer of
the Boston Navy- Yard, and a similar term at the Wash-
ington yard. During 1868-69 he was fleet-engineer of
the European Squadron; in 1S69-70 inspector of ma-
chinery afloat, and member of the Board of Visitors to
the Naval Academy at Annapolis. In the summer of
1870 he was appointed acting chief of the Bureau of
Steam-Engineering, retiring from that office with the
written thanks of the department for theefficient manner in
w Inch the duties of the bureau were discharged. In 1871
he was again called to take temporary charge of the
Bureau of Steam-Engineering, and upon retiring from
the position was actively employed on other duty in the
United States until [873, at which time he was ordered
to Europe, on a tour of inspection of public and private
dock-yards, and to represent the Bureau of Steam-Engi-
neering at the International Exhibition at Vienna. By
direction of the President he was appointed one of the
American judges of awards.
When he returned from Europe he was again em-
ployed actively until March 3, 1877, when he was ap-
pointed and confirmed engineer-in-chief of the U. S.
Navy. After serving a full term of four years under his
commission, he was reappointed and confirmed for a
second term. He was placed upon the retired list June
15, 1883, with the rank of commodore, under an Act of
Congress, approved March 3, 187 1.
38o
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN AND BREVET MAJOR GEORGE SHORK-
LEY, U.S.A. (retired).
Captain and Brevet Major George Shorkley was
born in New York, and entered the military service as a
volunteer in 1861.
Recruited a volunteer company, and it was assigned as
Company B, of the Fifty-first Pennsylvania (Hartranft's
regiment), which he joined as first lieutenant, September
22, 1861, and was with the regiment with Burnside's ex-
pedition at Roanoke Island, Fort Brawn, etc., (861-62;
with the Ninth Army Corps in Virginia in [862, as regi-
mental adjutant.
At the battle of Antietam he led the regiment in the
flank charge, which took the bridge, receiving a severe
gun-shot wound in the left arm.
At the time of Lee's move into Pennsylvania he re-
ported, with his arm in a sling, to General Couch, at
Harrisburg, and was ordered on his staff and assigned
to duty organizing militia regiments and sending them
to the front. After the battle of Gettysburg lie was
in command of parole camp at West Chester, Pennsyl-
vania.
The Ninth Army Corps having been ordered to Mis-
sissippi, he received orders to report to General Har-
tranft, commanding division, his left arm still of little
use. lie was with the Ninth Army Corps in Fast Ten-
nessee as inspector for General Martranft. Served
with ln's regiment in the winter of 1863-64, and with the
Ninth Army Corps, and returned East to Annapolis,
when he was ordered to duty as assistant adjutant-gen-
eral to General Martranft, commanding depot, and reor-
ganization of Ninth Ami)- Corps. Was designated to
be < olonel of one of the new Pennsylvania regiments to
be assigned to the corps; but upon the command being
ordered for duty with General Grant in Virginia, this was
thrown up, and he went to the field as assistant adjutant-
general for General Ffartranft. In the Wilderness, where
Hartranft's command had joined lines with General Han-
cock's corps in a woods. The enemy's artillery and
musketry fire had sent one of Hancock's Pennsylvania
regiments back', endangering the whole line. Knowing
the regiment, and seeing this, and being well mounted,
he dashed across the wood, took the flag from the color-
bearer, advanced the regiment to its position, receiving
the thanks of its commander, and returned to his com-
mand.
While serving before Petersburg, Virginia, he was or-
dered as the officer to relieve the Ninth Corps from the
line of works for the assault at the explosion of the mine,
Jul_\- 30, 1S64; this had been done, the assault made, the
crater reached, when all were hemmed in by enfilading
fires from the enemy's works. Seeing this, he ran across
the field between the lines to our troops on the left, se-
cured a fire that checked the enemy's fire from that flank,
and in returning he was struck by a shell, tearing away the
front of his coat and sleeve and carrying away the fingers
of his right hand. After partially recovering from this
wound he returned again to the field, when the appoint-
ment of assistant adjutant-general was offered him, but
declined, having lost the ability to write rapidly in losing
his fingers. He was then assigned to duty in the inspec-
tor-general's department in accordance with his brevet
rank, by the President, and ordered to duty with General
Hartranft's Third Division, Ninth Army Corps.
At the assault on Fort Steadman he was again seri-
ously wounded, the ball lodging in his right thigh.
He was with the corps, ami acting as inspector-general
for the grand review ; and with General Hartranft in
charge of conspirators in the assassination of President
Lincoln. He was mustered out of the volunteer service
Jul)- 27, 1865, having participated in thirty-seven battles
and affrays, and six times wounded in action, — three
times slightly, and three times seriously, — in left arm at
Antietam, Maryland, ball extracted ; at mine, Peters-
burg, Virginia, fingers of right hand carried away by
cannon-ball ; and at Fort Steadman, Virginia, in right
thigh, ball extracted.
Captain Shorkley was appointed second and first lieu-
tenant Fifteenth Infantry, February 23, 1866, and on
March 2, 1S67, was brevetted captain and major in the
regular arm)- "for gallant and meritorious services at
Antietam and Fort Steadman," he having previously re-
ceived the volunteer brevets of major, lieutenant-colonel,
and colonel for his gallant services before Petersburg
and Fort Steadman.
He joined the Fifteenth Infantry in Alabama and
served on reconstruction duty in 1866-68, and was then
transferred with his regiment to Texas. He was promoted
captain October 13, 1867, and was retired, for disability
in the line of duty, September 23, 1885.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
38i
REAR-ADMIRAL ROBERT W. SHUFELDT, U.S.N.
(retired).
Rear-Admiral Robert W. Shufeldt was born in
Dutchess Count)-, New York, February, 1822 ; appointed
midshipman from New York May II, I 839; first cruise
in frigate "Potomac," 1839-41; Brazil Station; in brig
" Bainbridgc," Home Squadron, as acting master, 1S42-
44; at Naval School, Philadelphia, 1844-45; promoted
to passed midshipman July 2, 1845; on Coast Survey,
1845-46 ; in sloop " Marion" and frigate " United States,"
West Coast of Africa and Mediterranean, 1846-48; in
U. S. mail steamers " Atlantic" and " Georgia," as chief
officer, 1849-51 ; promoted to master February 21,1853;
commissioned as lieutenant, 1854; resigned June 21,
1854. (While out of the navy he was active in the
organization of the steam commercial marine of New
York, and after serving two years in the Collins line of
steamers between New York and Liverpool, superin-
tended the building of and commanded the steamers
"Black Warrior" and " Cahawba" between New York
and New Orleans.) Was engaged for a year in the effort
to open a transit route across the Isthmus of Tehuante-
pcc. At the commencement of the war, was command-
ing the steamer " Quaker City" between New York and
Havana, when he was appointed consul-general to Cuba
by President Lincoln ; but when the war broke out he
volunteered for the navy, and was appointed lieutenant
and ordered to command the " Quaker City," that ship
having been turned over to the government. Mr. Sew-
ard, the Secretary of State, insisted, however, upon his
going at once to Havana, where there were very impor-
tant duties to be performed, for which he was thought to
be peculiarly qualified. At the end of two years, having,
under very trying circumstances, fulfilled the object for
which he was sent to Cuba, he resigned his commission
of consul-general and accepted a commission in the navy
as commander, which had been previously tendered to
him. In 1862, while consul-general, was sent to Mexico
on a special mission. At this time the French troops
were in possession of Vera Cruz, and it required some
discretion to reach the capital and perform the duty
required. This, however, was accomplished.
His commission as commander was dated November
19, 1862. In May, 1863, commanded the" Conemaugh,"
South Atlantic Squadron. Was present and participated
in the capture of Morris Island, and in several of the
attacks on Fort Wagner. Commanded the " Proteus,"
East Gulf Squadron, 1864-65, and was senior naval
officer in the attack upon St. Mark's, Florida ; command-
ing flag-ship "Hartford," Asiatic Squadron, 1865-66,
and steam-sloop " Wachusetts," 1866-68, on the Asiatic
Station ; commanding Naval Rendezvous, New York-,
1868-69; commissioned as captain December 31, 1869;
X
y
,^
'\
A
commanding monitor " Miantonomah," 1870; command-
ing " Tehuantepec," Surveying Expedition, 1870-71;
commanding flag-ship "Wabash," "Congress," and
"Plymouth," European Squadron, 1871-72; Navy- Yard,
New York, 1S72-74; chief of Bureau of Equipment and
Recruiting from February 1, 1875, to November, 1S78.
While there he reorganized the Naval Apprentice Sys-
tem upon its present basis.
Commissioned as commodore September 21, 1876;
went to New ( >rleans to take command of the naval
forces there, and, in conjunction with General Sheridan,
to maintain the peace and order of that city, then much
disturbed by the result of the Presidential election. In
1S7S he had as his flag-ship the steam-sloop " Ticonde-
roga," and made a commercial and diplomatic cruise
around the world, under the auspices of the State Depart-
ment ; was appointed arbitrator by the English and
American governments to settle the Liberian boundary
question, and also authorized to open negotiations with
the kingdom of Corea for the protection of American
life and property ; was naval attache at Peking, China,
1 88 1 ; was appointed special agent, with full power, by
President Arthur, to negotiate a treaty with Corea. This
was accomplished, and the treaty signed, May, 1882.
This was the first treat}- made by that country with any
Western power, and opened it to the commerce of the
world. Was president of the Naval Advisory Board
which designed the first steel cruisers of the new navy,
1882-84, and superintendent of Naval Observatory, 1S83-
84. Promoted to rear-admiral, 1883 ; retired February
21, 18S4.
In 1S60 he wrote a thesis on the African slave-trade
with Cuba which attracted the attention of the govern-
ment, and led to a treaty with Great Britain, which caused
the extirpation of that traffic between Africa and the
island of Cuba.
3§:
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND XAYY secular)
FIRST LIEUTENANT AND BREVET CAPTAIN EDMUND
R. P. SHUKLY, U.S.A. (retired).
First Lieutenant and Brevet Captain Edmund R.
P. Shurly was born in England, and entered the volun-
teer service as second lieutenant of the Twenty- fust New
York Infantry April 15, 1861, and was first lieutenant
Twenty-sixth New York Infantry May 21, 1861 ; pro
moted captain August 7, 1861, and honorably mustered
..nt April 25, 1863.
lie served in the field during the war of the Rebellion,
participating in the Shenandoah operations in 1862 ; and
at Front Royal, with his own and two companies oi the
See. .ml Maine Infantry, constructed a rope-ferry across
the Shenandoah River, thereby saving from capture by
fackson's corps the Twenty-sixth New York- Infantry
and a section of Hall's battery, the bridge washing away
soon after they had passed over.
Captain Shurly participated in the battles of Poack
Church, Virginia; first Bull Run, Cedar Mountain (Gen-
eral Tower's brigade covering the retreat of General
Pope), Rappahannock Station, Thoroughfare Gap, second
Bull Run, Chantilly, South Mountain, Maryland ; An-
tietam, Maryland, and Fredericksburg, Virginia, where
he was severely wounded, and compelled to leave the
field, being subsequently mustered out.
On August 28, [863, he was appointed a captain in the
Veteran Reserve Corps, and served until October 7, 1865,
when he was honorably mustered out of service. He was
brevetted major of volunteers March 13, 1865, for "gal-
lant and meritorious services in the battle of Fredericks-
burg, Virginia," and lieutenant-colonel of volunteers, same
date, for "gallant and meritorious services during the
w ar."
< >n May 1 1, 1866, he was appointed a second lieuten-
ant of the Eighteenth U. S. Infantry, and transferred to
the Twenty-seventh Infantry September 21, [866, which
commission he resigned February \2, 1S07. On March
15, 1867, he was again appointed second lieutenant of
the Twenty-seventh Infantry, and was promoted first
lieutenant September 29, 1868.
While on duty at Camp Douglas, Chicago, Illinois, in
the fall of 1864, Captain Shurly aided in suppressing the
conspiracy to release prisoners-of-war and destroy Chi-
cago. He was the last commanding officer of that post,
from which he was relieved in the fall of 1865.
Alter being appointed to the regular seivice, he was
brevetted first lieutenant, March 15, 1867, for "gallant
and meritorious services in the battle of Fredericksburg,
Virginia," ami captain for "gallant and meritorious ser-
vices during the war." 1 le served on the Plains at Forts
McPherson, D. A. Russell, Laramie, Fetterman, Phil
Kearney, and C. 1". Smith, — most of the time on escort
duty, lie was engaged in action with hostile Indians
near Fort Reno, Wyoming; on Goose Creek, near Port
Phil Kearney; Hayfield, near Fort C. I'". Smith; Clark's
Pork, Montana, and in various skirmishes while on escort
duty. While in command of a detachment of Company
A, Second Cavalry, he rescued a detachment of fifteen
mounted men from Indians. He was also in an expedi-
tion with the same detachment after a band of Indians
through Little Powder River Mountains to Little Horn
River. lie was severely wounded at the battle of Goose-
Creek, Wyoming.
While in command of a detachment of forty men of
the Twenty-seventh Infantry, he successfully defended a
train of forty-six wagons against a force estimated at one
thousand Indians under Red Cloud.
Captain Shurly was retired from active service, on ac-
count of wounds received in the line of duty, December
j, 1868.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
383
REAR-ADMIRAL EDWARD SIMPSON, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Rear-Admiral Edward Simpson was born in New-
York, and appointed midshipman from that State in
February, 1S40. After serving on the Brazil Station, in
the " Decatur" and "Potomac," he came home in the
frigate "Constitution." He was next attached to the
"Independence," Home Squadron; the " Congress," of
the, Mediterranean and Brazil Squadrons; and the re-
ceiving-ship " North Carolina," at New York. Went to
tlie Naval Academy in 1845, and graduated passed mid-
shipman, 1846. Ilis was the fust class at Annapolis.
He was then ordered to the steamer " Vixen," and was
present, in her, at the attacks on the forts at Alvarado ;
the two attacks upon Tabasco; at the capture of Tam-
pico ; at the capture ofTuspan; at the capture of Coatza-
coalcos, and that of Laguna de Terminos. At the siege
of Vera Cruz the " Vixen" assisted in covering the land-
ing of the army, of the United States, and took part,
with the rest of the smaller vessels, in the bombardment
of the city, and of the Castle of San Juan d'Ulloa. After
tlie war, was upon the Coast Survey, the Brazil Station,
and assistant instructor of gunnery ami infantry tactics
at the Naval Academy, until 1854, when he was pro-
moted to master, and was on Coast Survey duty again.
In April, 1855, was commissioned lieutenant, and went
to China in the Portsmouth, where he participated in
the capture of the Barrier Forts, under Foote. From
1858 to 1862 he was attached to the Naval Academy,
in charge of instruction in the theory and practice of
naval gunnery, lie was then, for a year, the comman-
dant of midshipmen. He was commissioned lieutenant-
commander in July, 1862. Commanded the iron-clad
"Passaic" in (863—64. Engaged with Fort Wagner,
June 29, 1863; Fort Sumter, August 17, 1863; Fort
Wagner, August 18, 1863; Fort Sumter, August 2^,
1863; Fort Moultrie, August 31, 1863; Fort Sumter,
September I, 1 863; Batter)- Bee, September 8, 1 863;
Fort Moultrie, November 16, 1 863. Commanded
steamer " Isonomia," on the Wilmington blockade, in the
East Gulf Squadron, and on the Bahama Banks, in 1864.
Fleet-captain of the blockading squadron, 1865-66. En-
gaged in the operations before Mobile in March and
April, 1865, and until tlie city capitulated. Commis-
sioned commander March, 1865, and then commanded
the "Mohican" and the " Mohongo," on the North
Pacific Station, 1866-68. Upon his return, he was in
charge of the Hydrographic Office, Washington ; and
then assistant to the chief of Bureau of Ordnance, Navy
Department, Washington, 1869-70. Commissioned as
captain in August, 1S70, and was sent to Europe on
special duty in regard to ordnance. In 1S73 he was in
command of the torpedo station at Newport. In the
next two years he commanded the steam-frigate " Frank-
lin," of the North Atlantic Station, and the steam-frigati
" Wabash," ol the same station. Commanded torpedo
station again in 1874-75 '■ a,l|l ulc steam-sloop " ( )maha,"
of the South Pacific Station, in 1875-77. He was sta-
tioned at the navy-yard at New York, next; and, upon
being made commodore, in April, 1878, commanded the
naval station at New London for three years. He was
promoted rear-admiral in 1884. President of the Ad-
visory Board; and then president of the Board of In-
spection and Survey. He never ceased to show his warm
and active interest in the navy until his death at Washing-
ton, December 1, 1888. His total sea-service was twenty-
one years and six months, and his shore duty twenty-
one years and four months.
Admiral Simpson was remarkable for his urbane and
officer-like manner, his fidelity to duty and promptness
of decision. He exercised a large and wholesome influ-
ence upon succeeding generations of officers, and upon
the scientific development of the navy, especially in gun-
nery and torpedo-work'. Ilis true kindness of heart can
be vouched for by hundreds, and his death was looked
upon as a personal misfortune to many, as well as a
great loss to the service. At one time Simpson's "Ord-
nance and Gunnery," and his translation of I.e Page's
"Theorie du Pointage," were the principal text-books at
the Naval Academy in that department. His enlargi d
edition of" Ordnance and Gunnery," of 1862, was a text-
book for many years. He wrote many professional re-
ports and magazine articles, and in 1873 he published
" The Naval Mission to Europe," and " Report of the
Gun-Foundry Board." Several of his articles are re-
published in " Modern Ships of War" (New York, 1887).
Admiral Simpson was president of the U. S. Naval In-
stitute in 1886-88. lie was also the president of the
Naval Academy Graduates' Association from its organi-
zation until his death.
3's4
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN JAMES F. SIMPSON, U.S.A. (retired).
Captain James F. Simpson was bom in Massachusetts
October 25, 1841. He entered the volunteer service
during the war of the Rebellion as second lieutenant of
the Fourteenth Connecticut Infantry August 10, 1862;
promoted first lieutenant February 4, 1863, and captain
October 20, 1863. He served in the field with the
Army of the Potomac, and was engaged in the battles of
Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, Virginia, where he
was taken prisoner, confined in Libby Prison at Rich-
mond, paroled, and exchanged. He then took part in
the Richmond campaign, and was engaged in the battles
of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, North
Anna River, Bristoe Station, and in the actions in front
of and near Petersburg, Virginia, in 1 S64. lie was se-
verely wounded in the battle of Ream's Station, Virginia,
and was honorably mustered out of service November
14, 1864. He was appointed second lieutenant of the
U. S. Veteran Infantry (Hancock's Corps) February 16,
1865, and was honorably mustered out March 26, 1866.
He was appointed second lieutenant of the Fortieth
U. S. Infantry August 17, 1867, and brevetted the same
day first lieutenant for " gallant and meritorious service
in the battle of the Wilderness, Virginia," and captain for
"gallant and meritorious service in the battle of Ream's
Station, Virginia."
Captain Simpson was transferred to the Twenty-fifth
Infantry April 20, 1869, and again transferred to the
Third Cavalry March 15, 187 1. He served in the South
after the war, and was stationed at Hilton Head, South
Carolina; Goldsborough and Raleigh, North Carolina;
Baton Rouge, Louisiana ; Ship Island, Mississippi ; Jack-
son Barracks, Louisiana, and Fort Duncan, Texas, to
1 87 1, when he joined the Third Cavalry in Arizona ; but
his regiment was soon ordered to the Department of the
Platte, serving at Fort McPherson, Camp Sheridan, Fort
Robinson, Fort Laramie, and Fort D. A. Russell. He
took part in the Big Horn and Yellowstone Expedition
under General George Crook, from May to October, 187'',
and after Colonel Guy V. Henry received his severe
wound in the engagement with hostile Indians, June 25,
1876, he was assigned to command his troop (D, Third
Cavalry), which command he retained until the close of
the expedition. Captain Simpson was also engaged with
hostile Indians at Slim Buttes, Dakota, in September,
1876, and in the Cheyenne Indian outbreak at Fort
Robinson, Nebraska.
He was promoted first lieutenant December 14, 1877,
and captain November 26, 1884.
In 1882 the Third Cavalry was transferred to the De-
partment of Arizona, and Captain Simpson served at
Whipple Barracks and Whipple Depot, and was regi-
mental quartermaster of the Third Cavalry from July 24,
[879, to September 1, 1883. He was retired from active
service, November 25, 1887, for disability in the line of
duty.
Captain Simpson performed the duties of acting assist-
ant quartermaster and acting commissary of subsistence
at nearly every post in which he served.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
}8S
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL AND BREVET BRIGADIER-
GENERAL MICHAEL P. SMALL. U.S.A.
Lieutenant-Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-Gen-
eral Michael P. Small (Subsistence Department) was
born in York, Penn., August 9, 1831, and graduated at
the Military Academy July 1, 1855. He was promoted
brevet second lieutenant of artillery the same day, and
second lieutenant Second Artillery September 21, 1855.
He served on frontier duty at Benicia, Cal., 1855; in
Florida against the Seminole Indians, 1856-57; in gar-
rison at Fort Lafayette, New York, 1857, and Fort Mc-
Henry, Maryland, 1857; frontier duty at Fort Leaven-
worth, quelling Kansas disturbances, 1857-58; march to
Utah, 1858, and Fort Leavenworth, 1858-59; in garri-
son at Fort Monroe, 1859; on Harper's Ferry expedition
to suppress John Brown's raid, 1859; in garrison at
Fort Monroe (Artillery School for Practice), 1859-61,
and as quartermaster 2d Art., July 10 to Aug., 1861.
He was promoted first lieutenant April 27, 1861, and
appointed captain of staff (commissary of subsistence)
August 3, 1861, and served during the Rebellion of the
seceding States (1861-66) as chief commissary and quar-
termaster at Rolla, Missouri, Southwestern District of
Missouri, September 4, 1861, to January 31, 1863; as
mustering officer and depot commissar)- and quartermas-
ter at Rolla, Missouri, January 21, 1862, to January 31,
1S63 ; colonel of the Missouri volunteers and aid to the
governor of the State; as inspecting commissary of sub-
sistence of the Department of the Missouri, February 1
to March 31, 1863; as chief commissary of the District
of Minnesota, Department of the Northwest, anil depot
and purchasing commissary at St. Paul, Minnesota, April
10 to August 22, 1863 ; as chief commissary of the 13th
Army Corps, and of the army in the field in the Teche
campaign (Dept. of the Gulf), Sept. 15 to Nov. 9, 1863.
He was promoted lieutenant-colonel (staff) U. S. Vol-
unteers September 15, 1863, and colonel and commissary
of subsistence May 25, 1865, and was on duty as pur-
chasing and depot commissary at Chicago, Illinois, and
supervising commissary of the States of Illinois and In-
diana, December 30, 1863^0 February 15, 1864; as chief
commissary of the Department of Virginia and North
Carolina at Fort Monroe, Virginia (supplying the " armies
operating against Richmond" on the James River), Feb-
ruary 22, 1S64, to February 21, 1S65 ; of the Army of
the James and Department of Virginia, February 2 1 to
June, 1865 ; chief commissar)- of the Army of the James
in pursuit of the rebel army, terminating in the capitula-
tion at Appomattox Court-House, April 9, 1S65 ; sup-
plied the rebel army with rations from the subsistence
train of the Army of the James after the surrender; of
Military Division of the Southwest and Military Division
of the Gulf (ex officio colonel U. S. Vol.), May 25 to Dec.
29, 1865, and as purchasing and depot commissary of
49
subsistence at New Orleans, Jul)- 25 to Dec. 1865. He
was made brevet colonel U. S. Volunteers January 1,
[865, for " distinguished and meritorious services in the
campaign of 1863 and 1864;" brevet major, brevet lieu-
tenant-colonel, and brevet colonel, March 13, 1865, for
"meritorious services in the Subsistence Department
during the Rebellion ;" and brevet brigadier-general April
9, 1865, for " faithful and meritorious services in the Sub-
sistence Department during the Rebellion."
After the war terminated, he served at Nashville,
Tenn., and supervising commissary of subsistence of the
States of Kentucky, Tennessee, and portions of Alabama
and Georgia, February 17 to November 6, 1866; as chief
commissary Department of the Tennessee, November 6,
1866, to March 16, 1S67, and of the Cumberland, March
16, 1867, to July 26, 1869, and purchasing and depot
commissary at Louisville, Kentucky, December 1, 1866,
to July 26, 1869; in settling accounts at Washington,
D. C, to September, 1 869 ; as chief commissary Depart-
ment of California, and purchasing and depot commissary
at San Francisco, California, September 30, 1869, to De-
cember 12, 1872; as chief commissary Depart, of Ari-
zona, Feb. 20, 1873, to May 25, 1875, and acting chief
quartermaster, June 23 to May 10, 1874; as purchasing
and depot commissary, Chicago, June 25, 1875, to Dec.
22, 1880; as chief commissary Dept. of Texas, and pur-
chasing and depot commissary at San Antonio, Dec. 26,
1880, to Aug. 31, 1883 ; as purchasing and depot com-
missary at New York City, Sept. 20, 1883, to Oct. 31,
[884; as purchasing and depot commissary at Balti-
more, from Nov. 1, 1884, to Aug. 30, 1889, and chief
commissary, Div. of the Atlantic and Dept. of the East
from Sept. I, 1889. He was promoted major, staff, com-
missary of subsistence, June 21, 1874, and lieutenant-
colonel, assistant commissary-general of subsistence, Oct.
4, 1889.
;S6
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN AND BREVET LIEUTENANT-COLONEL
WILLIAM REN WICK SMEDBERG, U.S.A.
(retired).
Captain and Brevet Lieutenant Colonel William
Renwick Smedberg was born in New York City on the
19th of March, 1 S 3 9 ; he entered Columbia College,
New York, in [853, graduating in June, 1857. He en-
listed in Company F of the New York Seventh Regi-
ment in July, 1858, remaining with it until i860, when
he was honorably discharged on account of his removal
to Washington, D. C, where he joined the National
Rifles in 1 SO 1 , and resided until the breaking out of the
war.
He enlisted in the U. S. service on the 15th of April,
1861, as a private in Company A, Third Battalion,
District of Columbia Volunteers ; was promoted corpo-
ral, served in Stone's Brigade on the Potomac, and
throughout Patterson's campaign, and was honorably
discharged on the 4th of July, 1861, on acceptance of a
commission in the U. S. Army as hrst lieutenant Four-
teenth U. S. Infantry, with rank from May 14, 1861. He
was adjutant Second Battalion, Fourteenth U. S. Infantry,
from August 30 to ( )ctober 25, 1861, when he was pro-
moted captain Fourteenth Infantry, and commanded his
company from that time until March, 1864, in First
Brigade, Second Division, Fifth Army Corps, participa-
ting in the Peninsula campaign, siege of Yorktown,
battles of Gaines' Mills, White Oak Swamp, Malvern
Hill, second Bull Run, Antietam, Leetown, Snicker's
Perry, Fredericksburg, and campaign of Mine Run.
In March, 1864, he was appointed division inspector,
First Division, Fifth Army Corps, on staff of Brigadier-
General Charles Griffin, and at the battle of the Wilder-
ness, May 5, 1864, was struck by a piece of shell, which
carried away his right foot, resulting in amputation just
below the knee.
From April, 1861, until May 5, 1864, he served in the
field continuously with the Fifth Corps, Army of the
Potomac, excepting a brief period on sick-leave and re-
cruiting service in 1863, and he received the brevets of
major and lieutenant-colonel for gallant and meritorious
services in battle.
He was assistant inspector of the Department of Cali-
fornia from December, 1865, to May 26, 1866, on the
staff of General Irwin McDowell; aide-de-camp of the
Military Division of the Pacific from that period to the
31st of May, 1869; on the staff of Major-General H.
W. Halleck, and acting assistant adjutant-general on the
staffs of Major-Generals George H. Thomas and J. M.
Schofield from June, 1869, to December 15, 1870, when
he was retired from active service, with rank of mounted
captain, 011 account of the loss of his right leg from a
wound received at the battle of the Wilderness.
Llad he remained on the active list, he would have
become colonel Twenty-first U. S. Infantry, January 31,
1 89 1 .
Colonel Smedberg joined the National Guard of Cali-
fornia in September, 1N74, when he was commissioned
lieutenant-colonel and division inspector on the staff of
Major-General D. W. C.Thompson; brigade inspector
on the staff of General John McComb, Second Brigade,
January 19, 1876, and was elected colonel of the Second
Infantry (now the Second Artillery Regiment) October,
1876, being successively re elected in 1880 and 18S4, but
resigned the position in December, 1885, after serving
eleven years.
He was repeatedly tendered the positions ofbrigadier-
and major-general, but declined, preferring to command
a regiment.
Colonel Smedberg joined Lincoln Post, No. 1, Depart-
ment of California, Grand Army of the Republic, in
1875 ; was a charter-member of George H.Thomas Post,
No. 2 ; adjutant-general Department of California, Febru-
ary, 1885, and was elected department commander in
February, 1S86. To his energy ami efficiency was
largely due the success of the National Encampment
held in San Francisco in August, 1886.
At the Twenty-filth National Encampment of the
Grand Army of the Republic, in Detroit, August, 1 89 1,
he was a prominent candidate for commander-in-chief
Grand Army of the Republic.
Upon the organization of the Commander}- of Cali-
fornia, Military Order Loyal Legion, U. S., May, 1S71,
he was elected recorder; re-elected twenty times succes-
sively. He will complete his twenty-first year as re-
corder in May, 1 892.
Since his retirement from the army in 1870, Colonel
Smedberg has been well and favorably known as a busi-
ness man in San Francisco, and is the senior partner
of a prominent fire-insurance linn.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
38/
COLONEL AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL CHARLES
H. SMITH, U.S.A. (retired).
Colonel and Brevet Major-General Charles H.
Smith was born in Hollis, Maine, November 1, 1827. He
entered the volunteer service as captain of the First Maine
Cavalry October 19, iS6r, and was sent to Augusta,
Maine, in charge of a squad for the regiment, soon after
enlistment. He was subsequently ordered to Washington
City, and was sent with his company from there to Upton
Hill, Virginia, to take charge of the camps abandoned by
the Army of the Potomac, on its departure for the Penin-
sula, in March, 1862. He participated in the campaign
of 1862, including the reconnoissance to Front Royal, the
battle of Cedar Mountain (after which he was detailed
with company to collect wounded and bury dead on battle-
field, under a flag of truce), the retreat of General Pope;
the second battle of Bull Run, and the engagement at
Frederick City. 1 [e was with regiment on Stoneman's
raid, and participated in the battle of Brandy Station,
June 9, and, after the charge, rallied and conducted the
regiment from enemy's rear; at Middleburg he had a
horse shot under him ; at Upperville he led the charge
through the town ; he was in skirmish with the enemy's
rear-guard at Westminster, Pennsylvania; in battle of
Gettysburg and the pursuit of the enemy that followed;
in skirmish at Halltown, and in the battle of Shepards-
town; commanded First Maine and Sixteenth Pennsyl-
vania Cavalry on reconnoissance from near Auburn to
White Plains, through Thoroughfare and Hopewell Gaps,
August 16 and 17; he was on a reconnoissance to the
Blue Ridge as far as Sperryville, October 12 and 13.
He was promoted major February 16, 1863 ; lieutenant-
colonel March 1, 1863, and colonel June 18, 1863. He
conducted a reconnoissance from Centreville to Manassas,
fighting the enemy, October 14, 1863; he was through
the Mine Run campaign, and conducted the rear-guard
of the left column of the army on its retreat from Mine
Run to and across the Rapidan, November 26 to De-
cember 1 ; commanded four regiments from Bealton
Station to Luray, encountering the enemy at Little
Washington, Sperryville, and Luray, December 21 to
24, 1863; was part of a reconnoissance in force from
Bealton Station to Front Royal and return, fighting the
enemy at Salem, January 1 to 4, 1864. He commanded
regiment in the campaign of 1864 from April 29 to June
24; reconnoissance from Chancellorsville to Fredericks-
burg and return, participating in the fight at Todd's Tav-
ern, May 5-8 ; conducting the advance from Beaver Dam
Station to Ground Squirrel Bridge, fighting part of the
way, May 10, and was rear-guard of the corps, having a
severe fight and skirmish near Ground Squirrel Bridge
(having a horse shot under him), May 1 1 ; fighting all
day, in front of Richmond, May 12; conducting the
regiment and the pioneers of the division from Haxhall's
Landing to the Chickahominy to build bridges, and
driving off the enemy, May 16-18; fighting at Hawes's
Shop, May 28, and at Trevilian Station, June 11 ; con-
ducting a reconnoissance to Louisa Court-House and
skirmishing with the enemy, June 12; fighting at White
House Landing, June 21, and in the battle of St. Mary's
Church, June 24, where he had two horses shot under him,
and was himself shot through the thigh, about two o'clock
in the afternoon, but did not relinquish command of the
regiment till the day was done. He commanded Second
Brigade in the severe engagement west of Ream's Sta-
tion, August 23 (where he was wounded in the ankle), as
well as in the battle of Ream's Station, August 25 ; in the
fight at Wyatt Farm, September 29 ; commanded Third
Brigade in the battle of Boydton Plank-road, October 17 ;
charged and drove the enemy at Rowanty Creek, and
again at Gravelly Run ; formed on the right of infantry
on the plank-road to repel an assault, and afterwards pro-
tected the rear of the Second Corps against Hampton's
cavalry in a hard fight; in reconnoissance and skirmish
down Weldon Railroad, November 7 ; in movement to
Stony Creek, where he fought and defeated the enemy,
December 1, and in movement to Bellefielcl, December
7-12, skirmishing with enemy continuously; in Appo-
mattox campaign, March 29 to April 9, 1865 ; engaged
at Dinwiddie Court-House (where he was hit in the leg
by a bullet which had passed through his horse) ; light
at Jettersville ; in the battles of Sailor's Creek, Briery
Creek, Farmville, and at Appomattox, April 9, and in
movement against Johnston's army, April 24 and follow-
ing days.
Colonel Smith was appointed colonel, Twenty-eighth
U. S. Infantry, July 2S, 1866, and was brevetted brigadier-
and major-general U.S. Army March 2, 1867. He was
transferred to the Nineteenth Infantry in 1869, and served
with his regiment until retired, November I, 1891.
3SS
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY ms,
R)
MAJOR FRANK G. SMITH. U.S.A.
Major Frank G. Smith (Second Artillery) was born
in Pennsylvania February 16, 1840. He graduated as a
civil engineer at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy,
New York, in the Class of 1S59. He entered the regular
service as second lieutenant of the Fourth Artillery
August 5, 1, SO 1, and was promoted first lieutenant the
same day. He served at Camp Duncan until December,
[86i,and then with Battery I, Fourth Artillery, in the
field from January, 1862, throughout the war of the
Rebellion, except the last campaign, and was engaged in
the siege and capture of Corinth, Mississippi, April and
May, 1862 ; in the campaign of Buell against Bragg, end-
ing in the battle of Perryville, Kentucky, ( Ictober 8, [862 ;
in the operations of the same army under Rosecrans,
through the Murfreesborough, Tullahoma, and Chicka-
mauga campaigns, to October 19, 1863 ; in the siege of
Chattanooga and battle of Missionary Ridge, November
23-25, 1863; in the battle of Nashville, Tennessee,
December 15—16, 1S64; in pursuit of Hood's army to
the Tennessee River in December, 1864. He was then
with Wilson's Cavalry Corps (his battery equipped as a
horse-battery) at Gravelly Springs, Mississippi, Atlanta,
and Augusta, Georgia, to < Ictober, 1865.
He was brevetted captain December 31, 1862, for
" gallant and meritorious services in the battle of Stone
River, Tennessee," and major, September 20, 1863, for
" gallant and meritorious services in the battle of Chicka-
mauga, Georgia," and was honorably mentioned in reports
on the battle of Perryville and Chickamauga.
Major Smith was adjutant of Camp Duncan in Decem-
ber, 1 86 1, and was on the staff of Major-General D. C.
Buell, at Louisville, Kentucky, in December, 1861, and
January, [862.
At the close of the war, Major Smith's battery was
ordered to garrison duty at Fort McHenry, Maryland,
where he remained on duty to February, 1867, when
he was promoted captain, and was transferred to Fort
Whipple, Virginia, but soon returned to Fort McHenry,
where he remained until Jul}-, 1870. He was then sta-
tioned at Raleigh, and other places in North Carolina,
until November, 1872, when his regiment changed station
to the Pacific coast, he taking station at Fort Canby,
Washington Territory, remaining there until July, 1876.
During the year 1876 the Sioux Indian war required
so man_\' troops in the held that the artillery was called
upon for frontier service, and Major Smith with his bat-
tery was in the field in Nebraska and Dakota from
August, 1876, to January, 1877. Returning to the
Pacific coast, he was stationed at Alcatraz Island, Cali-
fornia, to July, 1878, when he again took the field against
hostile Bannock Indians in Nevada, Oregon, and Idaho,
to October, 1878. He was then at Angel Island ami the
Presidio of San Francisco until September, 1 88 1, when
he took the field, and participated in the campaign in
Arizona tin ring the months of September and October,
1881, where he had command of a battalion of three
batteries of the Fourth Artillery.
The Fourth Artillery was transferred to the Atlantic
1 oast in the fall of [88l, and Major Smith served with
it at Plattsburg Barracks, New York, and Madison Bar-
racks, New York, to September, 1882, when he was
transferred to Fort Snelling, Minnesota, where he was
employed in organizing Light Battery F, Fourth Artil-
lery, and doing duty with it there until November, 1886.
He was at Fort Adams, Rhode Island, from Novem-
ber, 188''), to May, 1889, and then at Fort McPherson,
Georgia, until he was promoted major Second Artillery,
August 28, 1891, when he was assigned to duty at Fort
Adams, Rhode Island, which is now his station.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
389
COMMANDER FREDERICK R. SMITH. U.S.N.
Commander Frederick R. Smi hi is a native of Maine,
and was appointed a midshipman from that State in 1858,
and left the Naval Academy in 1861, at the time when
the classes were advanced on account of the war. He
served in the "Colorado," flag-ship, West Gulf Blockad-
ing Squadron, and then in the steamer " Flambeau," as
acting master and navigator, 1862. Then on the South
Atlantic Blockade, [862-63. Became lieutenant and
executive-officer August 1, [862. Engagement with Fort
McAllister; on boat expedition to Bull's Island, South
Carolina; present, but not participating, in Admiral
Dupont's first fight at Charleston, 1864. Served as flag-
lieutenant and senior watch-officer in the " Ticonderoga,"
in Admiral Lardner's West India " flying squadron."
Was executive-officer of the " Rhode Island," of the
North Atlantic Blockading Squadron, 1864-65. At both
attack's upon Fort Fisher, and commanded a detachment
of seamen in the assault.
In the Selnave revolution at Cape Haytien, com-
manded the landing part)- from the " Rhode Island,"
which, with the men landed from IT. B. M. gun-boat
" Lily," afforded protection to the foreign merchants of
that city. Commissioned lieutenant-commander Jul)-,
1866. Served in " Ashuelot" a full cruise. Was navi-
gator while convoying the iron-clad " Miantonomah"
across the Atlantic to Queenstown, Ireland. Navigator
of " Ashuelot" until her arrival at Hong-Kong. Was
then made executive-officer, and finally commanded that
vessel until detached in 1870. .After being on equip-
ment duty at the Boston Navy- Yard, he was ordered as
executive-officer of the U. S. flag-ship "Severn," of the
North Atlantic Squadron. Commanded U. S. iron-clad
" Ajax" on her voyage from Key West, Florida, to
League Island Navy- Yard, 1872. The same year he
served as executive-officer of the " Iroquois," of the
North Atlantic Squadron, during the ceremonies of the
reception of the Grand Duke Alexis, of Russia. Was
upon ordnance duty at Boston in 1873, and inspector of
ordnance, Key West, in 1874. I^xecutive-officer of the
" Lancaster," flag-ship of South Atlantic Squadron, in
1875. Afterwards senior aid to Commodore Cooper,
commanding navy-yard, Pensacola. Commander April
6, 1875. Commanded iron-clad " Saugus," on voyage
from Pensacola to Port Royal, South Carolina.
Commander Smith received the following letter from
the late Admiral D. D. Porter:
" Washington, D. C, February 3, 1S75.
"Sir, — Having applied to me for a letter stating what
I know about your services and your reputation as an
officer, I take pleasure in saying you served under my
command on board the U. S. S. ' Rhode Island,' and
was handsomely mentioned by your commanding officer,
Captain Trenchard, in both attacks on Fort Fisher, in
one of which you led a detachment of men in the as-
sault.
" I also made a passage in the ' Rhode Island,' and
had an opportunity to witness the most excellent disci-
pline that was maintained throughout that ship, and have
reason to know that your duties were always performed
with ability.
" I believe your moral character is beyond reproach.
" Very respectfully,
" David D. Porter, Admiral,
" To Lt.-Commd'r F. R. Smith, U. S. N.,
" Washington, D. C."
39°
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN AND BREVET MAJOR HENRY EAGLE
SMITH. U.S.A.
Captain axd Brevet Major Henry Eagle Smith
was born in Brooklyn, New York, August 8, 1842. At
the commencement of the war of the Rebellion he entered
the volunteer service as a private in the Seventy-first New
York Militia, April 19, 1 86 1 ; was promoted color-sergeant
April 2 1, and with the regiment proceeded to Annapolis,
Maryland, and marched to Washington City, April 25,
when he did duty at the navy-yard until June 21, when he
was discharged to accept the appointment of fust lieu-
tenant in the Twelfth U. S. Infantry, to date from May
14, 1 861.
He was on duty at Fort Hamilton, New York, organ-
izing Company IX First Battalion, Twelfth Infantry,
from July 6, 1861, to March 5, 1862, when ordered to
join the Army of the Potomac in the field. He then
served in the Infantry Reserve to May, 1862, when at-
tached to First Brigade, Second Division, Fifth Army
Corps, to latter part of July, 1863.
He participated in the siege of Yorktown ; reconnois-
sance to Hanover Court-House. Virginia; support at
battle of Mechanicsville ; and engaged in the battles of
Gaines' Mill and Malvern Hill, Virginia. After marching
from Harrison's Landing to Fort Monroe, he was taken
sick, and was absent from August to October, [862,
when he rejoined his regiment at Sharpsburg, Maryland,
and participated in the march to the Rappahannock,
being engaged in action at Snicker's Gap, Virginia, bat-
tles of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville. He partici-
pated in the Pennsylvania campaign, and was engaged
in the battle of Gettysburg. Returning to Virginia
with his regiment, he was ordered to New York with his
regiment during the draft riots, and did duty at police
head-quarters in command of two companies from Au-
gust, [863, until the troubles in the city had ended, when
he was detached on recruiting service and mustering
duty in New York City, from September 1, 1863, to
March, 1S65. He was guarding prisoners at Elmira to
May, 1865 ; on mustering duty at Albany to September,
1865, and then ordered to join his regiment at Richmond,
Virginia. In December, 1865, he was ordered to Fort
Hamilton, and organized Company A, Third Battalion.
lie was commissioned captain Sept. 9, 1863, and then
changed to Aug. 31, 1863, and was brevetted captain
June 2J, 1863, for gallant and meritorious conduct at
battle of Gaines' Mill; and major, July 2, 1863, for
gallant and meritorious services at battle of Gettys-
burg.
Captain Smith moved with Companies A and B to
Richmond in March, 1866, and was in command of the
battalion at that point for some months, when ordered
to Washington City, where he remained to September,
1866, when he was transferred to the Twenty-first In-
fantry, April 21. He was then on duty at City Point,
Virginia, closing up the affairs of the Army of the Poto-
mac, until April, 1S67, when ordered to Norfolk, and as-
signed to command the post; also acting as military
commissioner for eight counties, including the cities of
Norfolk, Suffolk, and Portsmouth, till December, 1868;
on leave of absence, May, 1869, in Europe; rejoined
command at Omaha, Nebraska, before expiration of leave,
and was on duty there till May 10, when he moved to
Sacramento, California. He was on duty at the Presidio
and Drum Barracks till June 19, 1869, crossing the
Colorado desert, a continuous march of fifty miles;
Gila Desert, fifty miles ; Maricopa Desert, fifty-five miles ;
in heat of summer, no shade, little water, and that
mostly in water-holes, not fit to drink ; on the march
to Camp Goodwin, Arizona, via Fort Yuma (one
thousand miles), commanding battalion of four compa-
nies during the entire march; arrived August 24, 1869;
and on duty at that point, participating in numerous
scouts against the Coyoteros Apache Indians in Sierra
Blancas, till December, 1S70; constructed wagon-road
from F"ort Goodwin to Fort Apache, seventy-five miles
due north, and over three ranges of mountains ; at com-
pletion of road, located present post of Fort Apache,
Fort Goodwin having been abandoned because of its
unhealthy location ; on duty at Port Apache till Decem-
ber, 1870, during which time explored from Fort Apai he
to Fort Wingate, via Zuni villages, for a new freight-
route, about one hundred ami twenty-five miles. He was
honorably discharged, at his own request, December 31,
1870.
Captain Smith is a member of the following army
societies: Military Order Loyal Legion, Commandery
State of New York; George Washington Post, 103,
G. A. R., Department of New York; society Army of
Potomac; society Fifth Army Corps.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
39'
COLONEL AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL JOHN
EUGENE SMITH, U.S.A. (retired).
Colonel and Brevet Major- General John Eugene
Smith was born in the canton of Berne, Switzerland,
August 3, 1 8 16. His father, John Bander Smith, in his
early life a soldier, followed the fortunes of Napoleon, —
shared the rigor of the Russian campaign, and was one
of the few survivors of the fatal retreat from Moscow.
He was severely wounded at Waterloo. Leaving his
native land, he arrived in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
November 30, 1816, where he died September 22, 1848,
a respected and distinguished member of the Pennsyl-
vania Horticultural Society.
General Smith received an academic education, and
learned the trade of a jeweller, lie went to St. Louis,
Missouri, in the spring of 1833, and removed to Galena,
Illinois, in 1838, where he followed his avocation until
i860, having in the meantime served two terms in the
City Council and one term as a member of the County
Board of Supervisors. He was elected county treasurer
for Jo Daviess Count)' in i860, and the same year ap-
pointed aide-de-camp to the Honorable Richard Yates,
Governor of the State of Illinois, reporting for active duty
April 15, 1S61, assisting in organizing the three months'
troops ; also with General Grant and others in organizing
the ten provisional regiments authorized by the special
session of the Legislature, known as the Ten-Regiment
Bill.
After the first battle of Bull Run he recruited and
organized the Forty-fifth Regiment Illinois Volunteers,
known as the Washburne Lead-Mine Regiment, and was
commissioned its colonel, ranking from July 23, 1861.
This regiment followed the fortunes of the Army of the
Tennessee, and participated with honor in all the marches
and battles of that arm)' to the end of the Rebellion.
Colonel Smith was promoted brigadier-general of
volunteers November 29, 1862, and assigned to the com-
mand of the Eighth Division, left wing, Sixteenth Army
Corps, March 25. Being junior commanding a division,
was succeeded by Brigadier- General Tuttle, and assigned
to First Brigade, Third Division, Seventeenth Army
Corps, June 3, 1863. He was assigned to the command
of Third Division, Seventeenth Army Corps, October,
1863. On the march to the relief of Chattanooga, this
division was designated as the Third Division, Fifteenth
Army Corps, participating in all the marches, including
the great " march to the sea," and battles of the Army of
the Tennessee, to the close of the war.
After the surrender of the Confederate forces he was
relieved from duty with the Army of the Tennessee, and
assigned to the command of the District of West Ten-
nessee, head-quarters at Memphis.
He was honored with the brevet of major-general of
volunteers, January 12, 1865, for "faithful and efficient
services and for gallantry in action," ami subsecjuently
mustered out of the volunteer service April 30, 1866.
In June, 1 866, he was appointed United States assessor
for the District of Utah. July 28, 1866, he was appointed
colonel of the Twenty-seventh U. S. Infantry. March 2,
1867, he was brevetted brigadier-general U. S. Army, for
" gallant ami meritorious services in the siege of Vicks-
burg," and brevet major-general U. S. Army, for " gallant
and meritorious services in action at Savannah, Georgia,
December, 1864."
During the consolidation of regiments in 1869, he was
assigned to duty in the War Department, Washington,
D. C, in connection with Generals McK. Dunn and
Wager Swayne, investigating claims for depredations
during the war. Dec. 20, 1870, he was assigned to the
Fourteenth Infantry, and retired for age Ma)- 19, 1881.
General Smith served on the Western plains, com-
manding the Mountain District, comprising Forts Phil
Kearney, C. F. Smith, and Fort Reno, until they were
abandoned in compliance with treaty with the Sioux
Indians, 1867-68; at Fort Laramie, 1S70-74.
During his service on the plains he has encountered
the Sioux, Cheyenne, Arrapahoe, and Bannock Indians,
always successfully, and acquired their confidence by his
justice in dealing with them. His various missions to
them have always proved satisfactory.
392
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY [regular)
COLONEL JOSEPH ROWE SMITH. U.S.A.
Colonel Joseph Rowe Smith (Medical Department)
is of an army family. His lather, General J. R. Smith;
his uncle, Major Henry Smith, aid to General Scott,
afterwards in charge of Northern Lake Improvements,
and dying at Vera Cruz during the Mexican War ; his
cousin, W. C. Uellart, of court-martial fame, — all distin-
guished themselves, and were well and favorably known
in the army.
Colonel Smith was horn at Madison Barracks, New-
York, April 18, 1831. He was liberally educated, receiv-
ing the degrees of A.B. and A.M. at the University of
Michigan, in 1848 and [881.
He then was employed as engineer under the Topo-
graphical Bureau, determining the boundary between the
Cherokees and Creeks in 1850, and laying out territorial
roads in Minnesota in 1S51.
He graduated in medicine at the University of Buffalo
in [853, soon passed the Army Medicaf Board, and was
commissioned assistant surgeon in 1854.
After constant frontier service, including man;- Indian
and the Utah expeditions, he was captured by rebels in
Texas in April, 1861. He was paroled and proceeded
North, and, under the agreement between the United
Stabs and the Confederate States, was soon after released
from his parole.
He was at once selected by the surgeon-general to or-
ganize general hospitals, to be prepared for the wounded
from the approaching first battle of the war, Bull Run,
mu\ thereupon organized Seminar}- Hospital and the hos-
pitals later organized in Georgetown, which he adminis-
tered until selected by Surgeon-General Hammond for
executive officer in the Surgeon-General's ( )ffice in [uly,
1S62, having been promoted to a majority in June.
In August, 1862, he was appointed by President Lin-
coln acting surgeon-general.
In November, 1863, he went to Little Rock-, and served
as medical director, Department and Army of Arkansas
and Seventh Arm)- Corps, with rank of lieutenant-colonel,
under Act of February 25, 1865, until assigned as medi-
cal director, Fourth Military District, Vicksburg, in 1867.
While so serving he was brevetted lieutenant-colonel,
U.S.A., for " superior ability and excellent management
of the affairs of his department" (being the only officer
in whose case this language was used), and also colonel
for " meritorious services and devotion to the sick during
the prevalence of the cholera," etc.
The department commander, General < )rd, urged that
he be brevetted brigadier-general.
After 1867 he served successively as post-surgeon at
Jefferson Barracks, Fort Wayne, and Fort Monroe, and
as medical director, Department of Texas, from 1879 to
1885, being promoted to a lieutenant-colonelcy in Janu-
ary, 1885.
Until 1887 he served as attending surgeon, New York
City; then as medical director Department of Dakota till
December, 1888, and thence to the present time as med-
ical director Department of Arizona, being promoted
colonel in February, 1890.
Besides performing full share of duty on routine boards
and courts-martial, he was selected by General Twiggs
for special duty, travelling to various posts in the Depart-
ment of Texas, and as judge-advocate, trying cases, and
when, in 1861, retiring boards were organized under the
new retirement law, he was selected as member of the
early boards.
He was assigned in 1862-63 as member of board for
examination of assistant surgeons for promotion, and in
1867 as president medical board for examination of can-
didates for appointment as assistant surgeons U.S.A., and
ol assistant surgeons for promotion.
In 1887 he was selected by the War Department as a
member of the board for preparing rules and regulations
for the then recently-organized Hospital Corps.
He was selected and detailed by the Secretary of War
to represent the Medical Department of the army at the
meetings of the American Medical Association in 1874-
77, and [882-85; of the Public Health Association in
1880; of the International Medical Congress in 1876 in
Philadelphia, and in 1887 in Washington.
He was elected vice-president of the American Medi-
cal Association in 1877-78, and of the Ninth Interna-
tional Congress, as well as of its section of military and
naval medicine and surgery, in 1887, and is member of
many medical societies.
Besides purely official reports, he has published many
papers on various subjects.
A large and influential number of army officers and
physicians in civil life desire to see Colonel Smith ap-
pointed surgeon-general of the army.
UV/O SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
393
REAR-ADMIRAL MELANCTHON SMITH, U.S.N.
(retired).
Rear-Admiral Melancthon Smith. — This veteran
officer comes of good fighting stock, as his father, of the
same name, served as colonel in the War of 1812, and
commanded Fort Moreau, at the battle of Plattsburg.
Sidney Smith, his uncle, who was a captain in the U. S.
Navy, served under McDonough at the same time. I lis
grandfather, also named Melancthon, was a leader in Rev-
olutionary times, sheriff of Dutchess County, New York,
in 1777, and a delegate to the convention of the State to
take into consideration the Constitution of the United
States.
Admiral Smith was born in New York, May, 18 10,
and appointed a midshipman March, 1826. Our space
only enables us to state that after the usual service
he was sent to the Naval School, and became a passed
midshipman in June, 1832. .After active employment
he was promoted master in 1836, and lieutenant in
1837. He then served in the Florida war, commanding
a fort and a twenty-oared barge a part of the lime. He
then served at New York ; the Mediterranean Squadron ;
and in various other service until 1846. He was then
executive-officer at Pensacola for two years, and served
in the frigate " Constitution," in the Mediterranean, a
full cruise.
Commander in September, 1855. After various com-
mands, during which, in the " Massachusetts," he en-
gaged the fort at Ship Island, July 9, 1861, and three
Confederate steamers and a revenue cutter oil Ship
Island, he had also an engagement with the rebel
steamer " Florida," in Mississippi Sound, in October,
1861. He grappled and cut the telegraph wire between
Shieldsborough anil Pass Christian, and captured a two-
gun battery at Biloxi, during this service. He was then
ordered to command of the " Mississippi," and served at
the passage of the forts below New Orleans, and the de-
struction of the rebel ram " Manassas." Admiral Farra-
gut said, in his report of these operations, "Just as the
scene appeared to be closing, the ram ' Manassas' was
seen coming up under a full head of steam to attack us.
I directed Captain Smith, in the ' Mississippi,' to turn
and run her down. This order was instantly obeyed by
the ' Mississippi' turning ami going at her at full speed.
Just as we expected to see the ram annihilated, when
within fifty yards of each other, she put her helm hard-
a-port, dodged the ' Mississippi,' and ran ashore. The
' Mississippi' poured two broadsides into her, and sent
her drifting down the river a total wreck. Thus closed
our morning's fight." The details of this particular fight
are most thrilling, but we cannot introduce them. Chal-
mette batteries were passed with the rest ; and in July,
1862, Commander Smith became captain, remaining in
the stanch old " Mississippi," and in all the engage-
So
ments up to March, 1863, when, in attempting to pass
the batteries at Fort Hudson, she grounded in twenty-
three feet of water, and heeled to port. In spite of every
effort of her veteran officers and crew, she could not be
moved. The enemy got the range, and were hulling her
at every shot. At last Captain Smith gave the order
to set the ship on fire, which was done in four differ-
ent places between decks. When the flames had ob-
tained sufficient headway, the ship was abandoned under
a most heavy fire, in the most orderly way, quietly, and
without confusion, Captain Smith being the last to leave
her. By his cool and courageous bearing under such
trying circumstances, Captain Smith won universal admi-
ration, and his course was approved by Admiral Farra-
gut and by the Navy Department. He was then ordered
to command the " Monongahela," and was in the attacks
upon Port Hudson upon many occasions.
After temporary command of the " Onondaga," iron-
clad, he served in the Albemarle Sound, engaging the
ram "Albemarle," and capturing her consort, the "Bomb-
shell."
He returned to the " Onondaga," as divisional offi-
cer in James River, and was transferred to the com-
mand of the frigate " Wabash," which vessel he com-
manded in both the bombardments of Fort Fisher.
After the war Captain Smith was attached to the
Washington Navy- Yard, and on July 25, 1866, was
commissioned as commodore. He then held the posi-
tion of chief of the Bureau of Equipment and Recruiting
in the Navy Department for four years. This is an
office which requires confirmation by the Senate of the
United States.
He was commissioned as rear-admiral in July, 1870,
and was commandant of the New York Navy-Yard until
his retirement, by operation of law, in 1872.
394
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN JAMES A. SNYDER, U.S.A. (retired).
Captain James A. Snyder was born March u, 1837,
at Alexandria, D. C, and at the age of sixteen (in 1S5 3)
he became a member of the scientific part}- (assistant
topographer) in an exploration and survey for a Pacific
railroad, under the command of Captain J. W. Gunnison,
Topographical Engineers, U.S.A., and during this expe-
dition, in addition to his other duties, was employed in
the collection of botanical specimens. Again, in 1X58,
he became a member of the Pacific Wagon-road Expe-
dition, under charge of Colonel F. W. Lander, C. E., in
the construction of a wagon-road from the Smith Pass,
Rocky Mountains, to the Pacific coast, serving as quar-
termaster and commissary of the expedition, in addition
to his duties as assistant engineer. He remained on this
work until its completion, in i860. At the breaking out
of the war he was appointed by President Lincoln a sec-
ond lieutenant in the Third U.S. Infantry, to date from
August 5, 1861. He joined his regiment in Washington
City, August 10, 1 861, and performed patrol-duty in that
city up to February, 1862, when he was appointed aide-
de-camp of volunteers and assigned to the staff of Briga-
dier-General George Sykes, who commanded the regular
infantry, Army of the Potomac, serving with that officer
from February, 1S62, to November, 1864.
He was promoted first lieutenant December 3, 1863.
He then rejoined his regiment in Washington, serving
with it but a short time, when he was placed on duty in
the Judge- Advocate-General's Office, under the immediate
direction of Adjutant- General Nichols, remaining on this
duty until his regiment was ordered to St. Louis, Mis-
souri, in 1865, when he accompanied it to that place, and
on January 1, 1866, was appointed regimental adjutant,
serving in that capacity until August, 1866, when he re-
ceived a detail for recruiting service, and was assigned
to duty in New York City in September, 1866. He was
relieved in September, 1868, and assigned to duty at
David's Island, New York, as assistant quartermaster and
post adjutant, serving until Jul}-, 1869.
He was promoted captain December 31, 1867.
Captain Snyder served with his regiment in New Or-
leans and Natchitoches, Louisiana, being in command at
the latter place ; and, on being relieved from that duty
(the last named), received the following complimentary
letter from the citizens of that place:
"The undersigned citizens of the parish of Natchitoches,
having learned with regret that at your own request your
command is about to be removed from our midst, take
this occasion to express their high appreciation of your
character as a gentleman and as an officer of the United
States Army. While you have so faithfully discharged
your duties as an officer during your stay among us,
your conduct as a citizen has fully convinced us that you
made it a point to be always guided by the adage, ' Cedant
arma togae.' In expressing their views, we feel confident
that we but reflect the sentiments of our people. Be
assured, sir, that our good wishes attend you wherever
your duty as a soldier may demand your services."
Captain Snyder served with his regiment in Pennsylva-
nia during the railroad riots, and accompanied it to Mon-
tana in the winter of 1S77, serving with it in that Territory
at Helena, Fort Shaw, Fort Ellis, and Fort Custer. In
1870 he accompanied the Eighteenth Infantry from the
Coal Banks, Montana, to Fort Assinniboine, Montana,
and made the survey of the military reservation of that
post, and, on finishing the work, received from Colonel
(now General) Rugerthe following complimentary letter :
" The commanding officer desires mc to express his
thanks ami approbation to Captain Snyder for services
rendered the command on the movement from the Coal
Banks and at this place, and especially for the faithful and
efficient manner in which he has performed the duty of
making the surveys for the military reservation at the
post"
In August, 1877, received a leave of absence on account
of sickness, and reported to Washington, D. C, for medi-
cal treatment, and on November 13, 18S9, was retired,
" for disability in line of duy." His present place of resi-
dence is Washington, D. C.
Captain Snyder served as adjutant Third Infantry from
January 1 to August 6, 1866, and was recommended for
promotion, by General George Sykes, for services at the
battle of Chancellorsville, Virginia, in May, 1863.
During his tour of services, Captain Snyder participated
in siege of Yorktown, Virginia ; battles of Gaines' Mills
and Malvern Hill, Virginia; Antietam, Maryland; engage-
ment at Shepherdstown, Virginia; skirmish at Snicker's
Gap, Virginia ; battles of Fredericksburg and Chancellors-
ville, Virginia; Bristoe campaign, and battle of Rappa-
hannock Station.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
395
MEDICAL INSPECTOR JOHN C. SPEAR, U.S.N.
(retired).
Medical Inspector John C. Spear was born near
Middletown, Delaware, March 12, 1839; was graduated
at the University of Pennsylvania as Doctor of Medicine,
1861. Commissioned assistant surgeon in the U. S.
Navy May 9, 1 861 ; joined U. S. frigate " Roanoke," May,
1861 ; engaged blockading Charleston and Wilmington ;
participated in the engagement between the United States
vessels-of-war and the rebel ram " Merrimac," Hampton
Roads, March 8 and 9, 1862; was ordered on board the
" Monitor" directly after the fight to help to dress wounds
of Captain John L. Worden, aiding Acting Assistant Sur-
geon Logue of the " Monitor;" joined the U. S. steamer
" Mahaska," April, 1862, and was employed on the block-
ade of the Atlantic coast for several months ; present at
the battle of Malvern Hill, and aided there in caring for
wounded soldiers both on board ship and on shore;
present at the shelling of Ruggle's Point and other minor
engagements with rebel batteries on the James and the
York Rivers; served as surgeon and adjutant of a
land expedition under Commander Foxhall A. Parker,
U.S.N., to Matthews' Court-House, Virginia; engaged
with rebel batteries, mouth of Cape Fear River, North
Carolina ; ordered to U. S. flag-ship " Minnesota" in
the autumn of 1862, and served on board of her, North
Atlantic Blockading Squadron, till the summer of 1863.
Promoted to passed assistant surgeon October 26, 1863 ;
on duty at navy-yard, Philadelphia, 1863-64. Commis-
sioned surgeon June 2^, [864; attached to the U. S. S.
"Seminole," West Gulf Blockading Squadron, [864;
present at the bombardment and surrender of Fort
Morgan, Mobile Bay; transferred to U. S. S. " Monon-
gahcla," November, 1864, and served on blockade off
the coast of Texas until spring of 1865, when ship was
ordered home to New York at close of the war ; was
attending surgeon in the city of Washington, 1865, and
also did duty as assistant to the chief of Bureau of Medi-
cine and Surgery in the Navy Department at the same
time; ordered to U. S. S. " Swatara," October, 1S65 ;
cruised in West Indies, 1S65-66; in Europe and West
Coast of Africa, 1866-68; "Swatara" captured John
H. Surratt in Alexandria, Egypt, and brought him to
Washington ; autumn of 1868, detached from " Swatara"
and transferred to flag-ship " Franklin," Admiral Farra-
gut, and returned to United States; on duty at Naval
Rendezvous, Philadelphia, 1869-70; in the winter of
1870-71 served as geologist of the Tehuantepec Sur-
veying Expedition, and wrote a report of the geology
and general resources of the Isthmus with reference to
the construction of a ship-canal there ; ordered to Naval
Hospital in Philadelphia, 1871 ; served on the U. S. S.
" < )maha," 1872-74, cruising on coast of Brazil, and in
I In- South Pacific; went as one of the boat's crew of
volunteers to pick up an officer and man overboard at
sea, off east coast of Patagonia, heavy sea running at the
time ; attached to the U. S. receiving-ship " Potomac,"
1S74-75 ; served on theU. S. monitor " Dictator," North
Atlantic Squadron, for eighteen months, from June,
1875; had charge of quarantine measures to protect
U. S. vessels-of-war in Port Royal waters from yellow
fever, during an epidemic in the vicinity ; commander-in-
chief of station officially commended services to Navy
Department, under date of September 29, 1876; on duty
in Washington, 1877-78, as member of Examining Board
for admission and promotion of medical officers. Pro-
moted to medical inspector, with relative rank of com-
mander, October, 1878 ; ordered to U. S. flag-ship " Tren-
ton" as fleet-surgeon, European Station, September, 1879,
servingtill 1881 ; member of Medical Examining Board,
Navy Department, 1881-82 ; and member of Examining
Board in Philadelphia, 1882-83, for admission and pro-
motion of medical officers ; served as surgeon of the
navy-yard, New York, 1883-86; was ordered as director
of U. S. Naval Laboratory, Brooklyn, New York, Septem-
ber, [886,serving till Jul)', 1887, when was granted leave
for one year on account of ill health. Placed on retired
list, September 14, 1888. Member of the Military Order
of the Loyal Legion of U. S., No. 7353 ; member of the
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (1869).
Medical Inspector Spear was retired in consequence of
disability incurred in the line of duty.
396
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND XAVY {regular)
BRIGADIER-GENERAL DAVID S. STANLEY, U.S.A.
(retired).
Brigadier-General David S. Stanley was burn in
Ohio June i, 1828, and graduated at the Military Acad-
emy in the Class of 1852. He was promoted brevet sec-
ond lieutenant of the Second Dragoons the same ddx ;
second lieutenant September 6, 1853; second lieutenant
of the First Cavalry March 3, 1S55, and captain of the
Fourth Cavalry March 16, 1861, up to this time having
served on the frontier with distinction against the Indians,
especially the Comanches. He also participated in several
actions in Missouri in 1861.
Lie was commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers
September 2S, 1S61, and major-general November 29,
1S62.
He commanded a division of the Army of General
Rosecrans at the battle of Corinth, and distinguished
himself as commander of all the cavalry at the great
battle of Stone River in 1S63. He participated in
the Tullahoma, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, and
Atlanta campaigns of [863-64. About August 1, of
the latter year, the command of the Fourth Corps, in
General Sherman's army, devolved upon him, and in
( >ctober, 1864, he was ordered with his corps to Nash-
ville, to report to General Thomas. He had been en-
gaged in the battle of Stone River, actions of Guy's Gap
and Shelby ville, Tenn., battles of Chickamauga, Mis-
sionary Ridge, Taylor's Ridge, Resaca, Jonesborough,
Adairsville, and on to Atlanta, and in the battle of
Franklin, Tenn., November 30, 1S64, of which General
Thomas, in a letter to the Secretary of War, September
14, 1865, says, —
•' In the discharge of his duties in the various positions
held by him as a division and corps commander, as
well as in less responsible positions, he has given entire
satisfaction. By his personal attention to the wants and
necessities of the troops subject to his orders, he was
enabled to report more than the usual proportion as be-
ing fit for duty, and, though a strict disciplinarian, his
just and impartial treatment of all won for him the
respect and high esteem of his entire command. Careful
anil skilful in the handling and management of troops,
both in putting them in proper positions, and in directing
movements under fire, he at all times exhibited before
his troops those sterling qualities of a true soldier, which
they were but waiting to adopt as their own and with
their leader breast the storm of battle. A more cool
and brave commander would be a difficult task to find,
and, although he has been a participant in many of the
most sanguinary engagements in the West, his conduct
has on all occasions been so gallant and marked that it
would be almost doing an injustice to him to refer par-
ticularly to any isolated battle-field.
" I refer, therefore, only to the battle of Franklin, Tenn.,
November 30, 1S64, because it is the more recent, and
one in which his gallantry w, is so marked as to merit the
admiration of all who saw him.
" It was here that his personal bravery was more de-
cidedly brought out, perhaps, than on any other field,
and the terrible destruction and defe.it which disheartened
and checked the fierce assaults of the enemy is due more
to his heroism and gallantry than to any other officer on
the field."
Badeau, in his " History of the Life of General Grant,"
thus alludes to the operations of General Stanley at
Spring Hill, just prior to the battle of Franklin :
" Thus one of the most difficult and dangerous opera-
tions in the war was executed with equal success and
skill; the army was extricated from a situation of im-
minent peril, in the face of greatly superior numbers, and
the opportunity for which Hood had labored so long was
snatched from his grasp."
General Stanley was twice wounded during the war,
at Jonesborough and Franklin, in the last-named having
led the brigade which restored the break in the main line
of battle, which had just been penetrated by the Confed-
erate force.
He was brevetted brigadier- and major-general U. S.
Army March 13, 1865, for gallantly, and appointed colo-
nel of the Twenty-second Infantry July 28, 1866.
It would be impossible in this short sketch to enumer-
ate the subsequent career of General Stanley in his vari-
ous duties. His life has been that of the officer on the
frontier, in garrison, on expeditions, campaigns, and en-
counters with Indians of various tribes in different sec-
tions of the country.
He was appointed brigadier-general U. S. Army
March 24, 1SS4, and assigned to the command of the
Department of Texas, which he now holds, but will be
retired by operation of law June 1, 1892.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
397
COMMODORE OSCAR F. STANTON, U.S.N.
Commodore Oscar F. Stanton is a native of New
York, and appointed midshipman from that State in De-
cember, 1849. Served on board the U. S. steam-frigate
" Susquehanna" in the East Indies, China Seas, and Japan
Expedition under Commodore M. C. Perry, December,
1850, to June, 1853; U. S. sloop-of-war "Saratoga,"
China and Japan Seas, June, 1853, to September, [854;
Naval Academy, September, 1854, to June, 18155 ; U. S.
ship "Constellation," Mediterranean Squadron, August,
1855, to August, 1858; U.S. steamer " Memphis," Para
guay Expedition, October, 1858, to June, 1859; U.S.
store-ship "Supply" and U. S. sloops-of-war "Ports-
mouth" and " Marion," West Coast of Africa, September,
1859, to October, i860; U. S. sloop-of-war "St. Mary's,"
Pacific Squadron, December, i860, to March, 1862 ; U. S.
steamer "Tioga," James River and Potomac Flotilla and
West India Flying Squadron, May, 1862, to November,
1863; U. S. steam gun-boat " Pinola," West Gulf Block-
ading, December, 1863, to November, 1864; ordnance
duty, New York Navy-Yard, December, 1S64, to March,
1865 ; U.S. frigate " Powhatan," March to August, 1865,
East Gulf Blockading Squadron ; navy-yard, New York,
August to November, 1865 ; Naval Academy, Novem-
ber, 1865, to May, 1867; U. S. steamer " Tahoma," Gulf
Squadron, May to September, 1S67; U. S. store-ship
" Purveyor," Gulf of Mexico and West Coast of Africa,
Jul_\-, 1868, to May, 1869; U. S. receiving-ship "Vanda-
lia," Portsmouth, New Hampshire, February, 1870, to
April, 1871 ; U. S. steamer " Monocacy," China and
Japan Seas, January, 1872, to June, 1873 ; U. S. steamer
" Yantic," China and Japan Seas, June, 1873, to October,
1S74; navy-yard, Norfolk, Virginia, November, 1874, to
March, 1877 ; Torpedo Station, June to September, 1878 ;
U. S. frigate " Constitution," training-ship, October, 1879,
to June, 1881 ; U. S. Naval Asylum, November, 1881, to
I October, 1884; U. S. steamer "Tennessee," November,
1884, to October, 1885 ; Naval Station, New London, Con-
necticut, October, 1885, to April, 1889. Naval Training
Station at Newport, Rhode Island, July, 1890, to July,
1 89 1. Promoted to passed midshipman, June, 1855 ;
promoted to master in line of promotion, September,
1855 ; promoted to lieutenant, April, 1856; promoted to
lieutenant-commander, July, 1862; promoted to com-
mander, December, 1867; promoted to captain, June,
1879; commissioned commodore, May, 1891.
At present governor of the U. S. Naval Home at Phil-
adelphia.
393
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
J&^^\
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REAR-ADMIRAL CHARLES STEEDMAN, U.S.N.
(hi (I VSED).
Rear-Admiral Charles Steedman was born in parish
of St. fames, Santee, South Carolina. Appointed mid-
shipman in the navy April i, 1828 ; first duty at the New
York Navy- Yard; served in the West Indies as mid-
shipman in the sloops-of-war " Natchez" and " Fairfield,"
and schooner "Grampus." Promoted to passed mid-
shipman January 14, 1S34. In the Mediterranean,
on beard of the frigates "Constitution" and "United
States," and schooner "Shark," in the years 1836-38;
and in the West Indies, on board the " Macedonian," up
ti» 1840, — the last six months as acting lieutenant. Pro-
moted as lieutenant February 25, 1.S41 ; served in the
brig "Dolphin," on the Home Station and West Indies;
invalid and sent home, 1S42 ; Coast Survey, [843—44;
served in the West Indies and Gulf of Mexico on board
of the "St. Mary's," 1845-47; commanded the eight-
inch gun on naval battery at the bombardment of Vera
Cruz, and commanded the " St. Mary's" launch in an
attempt to surprise and capture Mexican gun-boats in-
side of Tampico bar; attached to Naval Observatory
from latter part of 1847 to first of [849; served on board
frigate "Cumberland," in the Mediterranean, 1S50-51;
attached to Naval Observatory, 1853-55. Commissioned
as commander, September 14, 1855; special duty in
Washington, 1857-58; revising signal code and framing
station bills for ships of the navy; commanded brig
" Dolphin," Paraguay Expedition, 1859-60, and was left
in command of Brazil Squadron when Flag-Officers
Shubrick and Forrest returned home; remained in com-
mand for nine months, until the arrival of Flag-Officer
Sands; returned home December, i860; when Rebellion
broke out was on leave; volunteered to Admiral
Dupont for any service; was by him sent to take com-
mand of the Baltimore Railroad Company's steamboat
" Maryland;" kept communication open between Havre-
de- Grace and Annapolis until the railroad bridges were
repaired, and communication opened between Baltimore
and Philadelphia; was first to telegraph from Havre-
de-Grace to General Patterson that General Butler had
landed at Annapolis with Massachusetts regiment and
Seventh New York Regiment, and had opened com-
munication with Washington ; in [861, ordered to join
Commodore Foote on the Mississippi; soon detached
and ordered to take command of " Bienville ;" attached
to Port Royal Expedition, under Flag-Officer Dupont;
led the second column in the attack and capture of Port
Royal; in the "Bienville," brought north Flag-Officer
Dupont's despatches reporting the capture; after this
blockaded the coast of Georgia in the " Bienville," and
participated in the capture of all the ports on that coast
south of Savannah ; after this returned north ; was de-
tached from "Bienville" and ordered to " Paul Jones;"
joined Admiral Dupont's Squadron with " Paul Jones"
and other gun-boats; engaged Fort McAllister, on the
Ogeechee River, in August, 1862; on the 17th of Sep-
tember following, engaged and silenced the batteries of
St. John's Bluff, on the St. John's River, Florida ; con-
sidered it necessary to have troops to co-operate in cap-
turing the forts and getting possession of the river;
applied to Admiral Dupont for the same, on the 30th
of the same month ; with the co-operation of General
Brannon captured the forts on St. John's Bluff, and with
the gun-boats opened and held the St. John's River to
Lake Beaufort. Commissioned as captain September
13, 1S62. Transferred to the steam-frigate " Powhatan,"
and employed in her blockading off Charleston for sev-
eral months; with the " Powhatan," towed the captured
ram "Atlanta" to Philadelphia; soon after was detached
and took command of " Tieonderoga ;" in her was em-
ployed on various detached service; returned in her in
November, 1864, with engines disabled from an unsuc-
cessful search of the rebel vessel " Florida," on the coast
of Brazil; volunteered to join Admiral Porter's com-
mand; vessel temporarily repaired.
After the fall of Fort Fisher and Wilmington, he
joined Dahlgren off Charleston, but "Tieonderoga,"
being unfit for service, was ordered to Philadelphia
for repairs. When she was once more fit for sea, he
joined the European Squadron, under Admiral Golds-
l)i irough.
He was promoted to be commodore in July, 1866;
exchanged commands with Captain Wyman, of the
flag-ship "Colorado," and returned home in that ship
in September, 1S67. On special duty in 1868-69; aiu'
commanded the Boston Navy- Yard, 1869-72. Was
commissioned rear-admiral in May, 1871. Commanded
the South Pacific Squadron, 187J-73. Died at Wash-
ington, 1890.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
399
REAR-ADMIRAL R. N. STEMBEL, U.S.N, (retired).
Rear-Admiral R. N. Stembel was born in Mary-
land. Appointed a midshipman from the State of Ohio
on March 27, 1832. For five years after appointment
he served in the West India Squadron in the schooner
" Porpoise," and the sloop-of-war " Vandalia." During
part of 1837-38 he was at the Naval School at New
York. (At that time the naval schools were attended
by old midshipmen for a few months. They were at
Norfolk, Virginia, New York, or elsewhere. For sev-
eral years before the establishment of the present Naval
School at Annapolis, it had its scat at Philadelphia, in a
part of the Naval Asylum building.) Promoted to passed
midshipman, 1838. Stationed at the Depot of Charts
and Instruments, at Washington. Midshipman Stembel
next served in the frigate " Brandywine," on the Mediter-
ranean Station, from 1839 to 1842. He was commis-
sioned lieutenant in 1843, and was attached to the Coast
Survey for several years. In 1849-50 he served in the
sloop-of-war " Germantown," on the Home Squadron;
and from 1S51-54 in the sloop "Jamestown," of the
Brazil Squadron. Special duty at Washington from
1855-57, and then attached to the steam-frigate "Missis-
sippi," China and East India Squadron, for three years.
Lieutenant Stembel was attached to the Naval Asylum,
at Philadelphia, when the Civil War broke out, and was
ordered to special duty at Cincinnati, Ohio, in connection
with the Western Gun-boat Flotilla.
Just at this time he was commissioned as commander,
and was in active service in the Mississippi Flotilla ; en-
gagements at Lucas's Bend, September 9, 1861 ; Belmont,
November 7, 1861 ; Fort Henry, February 6, 1862; bom-
bardment and capture of Island No. 10, from March 16
to April 7, 1862 ; the fight with the rebel rams at Craig-
head's Bend, near F"ort Pillow, May 10, 1862, and several
minor affairs. At the engagement at Craighead's Bend
he was seriously wounded by a rifle-ball. He was inva-
lided in consequence of this wound in 1863, and the
peculiar nature and effects of the ball's passage were the
subject of great interest to medical men.
During 1864 he was stationed at the Recruiting Ren-
dezvous at Philadelphia, and afterwards on special duty
at Pittsburg. He was commissioned as captain in 1866,
during his command of the steam-sloop " Canandaigua,"
on the European Station. Returned to the United States
in 1867. Commanded the Naval Rendezvous at Boston,
1869-71. Commissioned commodore 1870, and com-
manded Northern Squadron of the Pacific Fleet, 1871-
72, and, for a time, the Pacific Fleet. He was retired as
a commodore in 1872, and commissioned as rear-admiral
on the retired list in 1874.
400
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL GEORGE M STERNBERG,
U.S.A.
Lieutenant- Colonel George M. Sternberg (Medical
Department) was born in New York on January 8, 183S,
and was appointed assistant surgeon, U. S. Army, May
28, 1861. He served with General Sykes's regular di-
vision of the Army of the Potomac, and participated in
the battles of first Bull Run, July 21, 1861, Gaines'
Mill, June 27, 1862, and Malvern Mill, July I, 1862,
and was brevetted captain and major for " faithful and
meritorious services during the war."
Dr. Sternberg was on hospital duty at Portsmouth
Grove, Rhode Island, until November, 1S62, when he
was assigned to duty with the troops in the Department
of the Gulf, and participated in General Banks's expedi-
tion, and subsequently on duty in the office of the
medical director until January, 1.864, when he was
transferred to the office of the medical director at Co-
lumbus, Ohio, and in charge of the U. S. General
Hospital at Cleveland, Ohio, to Jul}-, 1805. He was
then ordered to Jefferson Barracks for duty with the
Thirteenth U. S. Infantry, but his station was subse-
quently changed to Kansas, where he passed through
a severe epidemic of cholera at Fort Harker, in 1867.
He was promoted captain and assistant surgeon May 28,
1866.
Dr. Sternberg was at Fort Riley, Kansas, and in the
field during the campaign of 1868-69 against the Chey-
enne anil Arapahoe Indians, and was then ordered to
Fort Columbus, New York, serving at that post and
at Fort Warren, Massachusetts, to August, 1872. At
that time he was transferred to the Department of the
Gulf, and was in the medical director's office at New
< Orleans, Louisiana, to October, 1872, when ordered to
Fort Barrancas, Florida, where he passed through a
severe epidemic of yellow fever in 1873-75. lie was
on sick-leave to May, 1876, at which time he was as-
signed to duty in the Department of the Columbia, and
was present at the battle of the Clearwater, Idaho (with
Chief Joseph, of the Nez Perces), in 1878.
Dr. Sternberg was appointed a member of the " Ha-
vana Yellow Fever Commission" in 1879, and was or-
dered to the Department of California August 10, 1881,
being assigned to duty at Fort Mason to May, 1SS4.
He was then ordered East, and was attending surgeon
and examiner of recruits at Baltimore, Maryland, and
was delegate from the United States to the Interna-
tional Sanitary Conference of Rome in 1S8S. Was de-
tailed, under an Act of Congress (by the President of
the United States), to make investigations relating to
the cause and prevention of yellow fever in Brazil and
in Mexico in 1887; in Decatur, Alabama, during the
epidemic of 1888, and in Havana during the summers
of 1888 and [889.
He was promoted major and surgeon December 1.
1875, and lieutenant-colonel and surgeon January 2, 1891.
Dr. Sternberg is a Fellow of the American Association
for the Advancement of Science; a Fellow of the Royal
Microscopical Society of London ; late Fellow, by cour-
tesy, in Johns Hopkins University; member and ex-
president of the American Public Health Association;
member of the American Medical Association, of the
Association of American Physicians, of the American
Microscopical Society; honorary member of the Epi-
demiological Society of London, of the Royal Academy
of Medicine of Rome, of the Academy of Medicine of
Rio de Janeiro, of the American Academy of Medicine,
etc. ; author of " Bacteria" (William Wood & Co., New-
York, 1884); of "Photo-Micrographs, and how to make
them" (James R. Osgood & Co., Boston, 1S84); of" Ma-
laria and Malarial Diseases" (William Wood & Co., New-
York, 1884), and of numerous scientific papers published
in various medical and scientific periodicals.
At present on duty as attending surgeon. New York-
City.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
401
REAR-ADMIRAL THOMAS HOLDUP STEVENS,
U.S.N, (retired).
Rear-Admiral Thomas Holdup Stevens was born in
Connecticut, and is a son of Commodore Thomas Holdup
Stevens, who at the age of eighteen commanded the
"Trippe," one of Perry's squadron at the battle of Lake
Erie. Upon the old navy lists Lieutenant T. H. Stevens
appears as the second of the " date of 1S36," a notable
one for the ability of those who composed it.
Thomas H. Stevens was appointed a midshipman from
Connecticut in 1836, and after varied service became a
lieutenant in 1 849, and, after serving on board the " Michi-
gan," some Coast Survey vessels, and the steam-frigate
" Colorado," was ordered to the command of the " Ot-
tawa," earl)r in 1862. In this vessel he took part in the
actions of the squadron at Port Royal, capture of Forts
Beauregard and Walker, battle of Port Royal Ferry, ami
the different engagements with Tatnall's fleet. After
that the " Ottawa" was constantly employed for many
months in the waters of Florida, under fire main- times.
Stevens commanded the naval forces on these waters.
Lieutenant Stevens received his commission as com-
mander in July, 1862, and commanded the " Maratanza"
during the exciting period of the battle of Malvern Hill.
Then, for a short time, he was in command of the cele-
brated " Monitor," covering McClellan on his with-
drawal from the Peninsula. He next commanded the
" Sonoma," in the West India Squadron, and captured sev-
eral blockade-runners. Commanded the monitor " l'a-
tapsco," during which period that vessel took part in nu-
merous attacks on the defences of Charleston, and on the
night of September 8, 1 863, Stevens commanded the
boat-assault on Fort Sumter. He next took command
of the steam-sloop " Oneida." During the operations be-
fore Mobile, in Aug., 1864, to enable Commander Mul-
lany (late rear-admiral), who had volunteered for the oc-
casion, to take part in the fight, Stevens consented to
take command of the double-turretted monitor " Winne-
bago," and Mullany took the " Oneida," so that both
those officers could command fighting-ships. In the
" Winnebago" Stevens took part in the battle of Mobile
Bay, and the capture of the " Tennessee" and her consorts,
as well as Forts Powell, Gaines, and Morgan, in all which
operations he was conspicuous for the handling of his
command and for his personal daring. Resuming com-
mand of the " Oneida," he remained in command of the
Texas Division of the West Gulf Blockading Squadron,
participating in the final operations of the war, and re-
turned North in that vessel in August, 1865.
During these stirring four years Stevens received testi-
monials in regard to his zeal and conduct from every
superior officer under whom he served, including Rear-
AdmiraLs Dupont, Wilkes, John Rodgers, Dahlgren,
Rowan, Farragut and Le Roy. All of these speak in
S1
the highest terms, both in official reports and in special
letters, of the judgment and discretion, the gallantry and
unfaltering determination of the subject of this sketch.
No service was too arduous, no mission too perilous for
him to undertake, and his only failures to accomplish
what he undertook-, were in capturing the " Florida,"
because he could not overtake her, and in the boat-
assault on Sumter. After making an earnest protest
against the plan of attack arranged by the admiral in
command, he took charge of the expedition as it was ;
otherwise the attempt would have been abandoned. He
had just returned from an all-day engagement with the
harbor forts, when he was sent for to assume the com-
mand of the boat expedition which made the attack that
same evening.
Admiral Dahlgren, in his farewell order, said, in regard
to the night attack on Sumter, " When I began to per-
ceive that the enemy was not Likely to be driven out
of Sumter, except by assault, and saw that the force
which I had could not of itself go farther, unless he was
driven out, I ordered the assault. It failed, but never
was more gallantry displayed than in the attempt."
Admiral Rowan says, " I witnessed, upon one occa-
sion, the gallant and intelligent conduct of this officer
while engaged with Fort Moultrie and its other defences.
I also witnessed his gallant bearing on occasion of the
' Ironsides's' attack on Fort Moultrie, when he passed
from his monitor to the 'Ironsides,' and back to his
vessel in a boat, while the fire of Moultrie and its sur-
rounding batteries was concentrated on that ship."
Similar comments were made upon his conduct at
Mobile Bay by his superior officers. After the war he
commanded the frigate " Gueniere ;" then the navy-
yard at Norfolk ; commanded, as rear-admiral, the Pa-
cific Squadron : and, upon arriving at the prescribed age,
hauled down his flag while in that command.
402
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
PAY-INSPECTOR JOHN H. STEVENSON, U.S.N.
Pay-Inspector John H. Stevenson entered the navy
as acting assistant paymaster of the " Satellite," in Sep-
tember, 1862, and was in the first battle of Fredericks-
burg, in Hooker's Division. In December, 1862, Ste-
venson, with the approbation of the commanding offi-
cer of the "Satellite," captured the party of a rebel
signal-station, and broke it up. He then left the boats
with keepers, and penetrated ten miles inland, and cap-
tured Captain Lawson, of the rebel cavalry, who had a
recruiting-station established and cavalry pickets out. He
broke up the station, secured Captain Lawson, and
brought him to the " Satellite," from whence he was sent
to the Old Capitol Prison.
The commanding officer of the " Satellite" wrote,
" To the bravery and energy of Acting Assistant Pay-
master Stevenson the success of the expedition was due.
Mr. Stevenson frequently volunteered his services for
other hazardous duty, and always performed it to my
entire satisfaction." Rear-Admiral Harwood, who was
in command of the Potomac Flotilla, wrote warmly upon
Paymaster Stevenson's "gratuitous patriotic services,"
but says that those at Donaldsonville eclipsed his earlier
ones. It was in June, 1863, while attached to the
" Princess Royal" gun-boat, that that vessel was detailed
to protect the town of Donaldsonville, and a small fort,
manned by one hundred and twenty-five sick and con-
valescent soldiers. It was the only fortified position held
by the Union forces between Port Hudson and New
Orleans, and the necessity of holding it was supreme.
The rebel Generals Taylor, Mouton, and Green, with a
force of several thousand men, sent in a demand for the
surrender of the fort and town. This was refused. They
then sent a notification to remove the women and children.
At this critical juncture, Paymaster Stevenson went as a
spy into the enemy's camp, in the role of a refugee from
New Orleans. He acted thus entirely upon his own re-
sponsibility. He was obliged to run the Union pickets,
and narrowly escaped being shot in doing so. But he
got safely through, entered the enemy's camp, learned
when and how they were to make the attack, and re-
turned with full information to the " Princess Royal."
In returning, he was obliged to run the enemy's pickets,
and again narrowly escaped being shot. The informa-
tion he obtained, with the heroism of the defenders, saved
the place, for the enemy were beaten off after four hours'
desperate fighting, with an acknowledged loss of fifteen
hundred. Captain Woolsey, U. S. Navy, says, " for the
information" (which enabled preparation to be made) " I
am indebted to A. A. Paymaster Stevenson, who was
out for three days . . . reconnoitring in and about the
enemy's camp."
In July, 1863, when the steamer " New London," with
important despatches, was aground and under the
enemy's fire, Paymaster Stevenson went to the vessel,
got the despatches and took them to New Orleans,
through a hostile country, seizing horses as he wanted
them, and dashing through the enemy's pickets and sus-
picious places. Admiral Farragut bore testimony to his
great service on this occasion. Admiral Porter testifies,
" General Sherman had not heard of the capture of Fort
Fisher," and to prevent his possible divergence in that
direction, " Mr. Stevenson volunteered and carried the
despatches safely to General Sherman, through the
enemy's country, at the risk of his neck; for had they
caught him, they would have hung him."
From the character of the vessels to which Paymaster
Stevenson was attached, he was present at very many of
the battles and skirmishes on the Potomac and Rappa-
hannock Rivers, from November, 1862, to April, 1S63;
and on the Mississippi River, from June, 1863, to Sep-
tember, 1863; and all the fights on the James River
during the last year of the war. He was also present at
the capture of Petersburg and Richmond. In June,
1870, the President, by advice and consent of the Senate,
advanced Paymaster Stevenson fifteen numbers in his
grade, and again, in 1879, he was advanced fifteen num-
bers " for gallant and conspicuous conduct in battle, and
extraordinary heroism." He became pay-inspector in
January, 1881, and has since performed routine service
abroad and at home.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
4"3
PAYMASTER-GENERAL EDWIN STEWART, U.S.N.
Paymaster-General Edwin Stewart was born in
New York City, May 5, 1837. He is a graduate of
Phillips Academy, Andover, Massachusetts, and of Wil-
liams College, from which institution he has received the
degrees of B.A. and M.A. Had it not been for the war
he would have followed a profession ; in fact, had already
commenced the study of law, when, in September, 1861,
he was appointed an assistant paymaster in the navy. I lis
first duty was on board the gun-boat " Pembina," then
fitting out at New York. The " Pembina" joined the
expedition against Port Royal, and on November 7, 1 86 1 ,
took part in the bombardment and capture of the forts
at that place.
In April, 1862, Assistant Paymaster Stewart was pro-
moted to the grade of paymaster, and ordered to the
" Richmond," in the South Atlantic Squadron. The
" Richmond," in company with the " Hartford," partici-
pated in that series of brilliant naval engagements which
made the name of Farragut famous.
Paymaster Stewart was attached to the " Richmond"
during the three most eventful years of her career, and
saw memorable service, both on the blockade and in the
battles in which she was engaged, notably at Port Hud-
son and at the passage and capture of the forts in Mobile
Bay.
At the close of the war he was assigned to duty on the
Lakes, being attached to the steamer " Michigan" from
1865 to 1868. Much of the duty of the "Michigan"
during those years was in watching and endeavoring to
frustrate the persistent and repeated efforts of the Fenians
to effect a landing in Canada.
The " Michigan" finally succeeded in capturing the
whole party as they were making their way across the
Niagara River.
In 1S69 Paymaster Stewart was ordered to Washing-
ton, where for three years he was in charge of the Pur-
chasing Pay-Office.
In the spring of 1872 he was appointed a member of
the Board of Visitors to the Naval Academy.
In the fall of 1S72 he was ordered to the " Hartford"
as fleet-paymaster on the Asiatic Station. The " Hart-
ford" went to China by way of the Mediterranean and
the Suez Canal, stopping at various places of interest en
route. The cruise lasted three years, a large portion of
the time being spent in the seaport cities of China and
Japan.
When homeward bound in 1875 the "Hartford" re-
ceived at Messina telegraphic orders to go to Tripoli and
settle a difficulty growing out of an alleged indignity
offered to the United States consul. On her arrival at
Tripoli she found the " Congress" already there under
similar orders. An apology for the indignity was de-
manded from the Pasha, and forty-eight hours named as
the time within which it must be made.
The two ships steamed into position before the city,
and in this menacing attitude awaited the Pasha's reply.
It came within the time specified. A full and satisfactory
apology was made, and the "Hartford" steamed away
on her homeward voyage.
Paymaster Stewart was commissioned " pay-inspector"
March 8, 1 880, and for three years was on duty as inspector
at the navy-yard, New York-. In 1882 he was ordered
to the " Lancaster," and for nearly three years was fleet-
paymaster on the European Station, visiting during the
cruise most of the seaport cities of Europe from St.
Petersburg to Alexandria and Palestine. An interesting
feature of this cruise was the visit to Russia, the " Lan-
caster" having been ordered to Cronstadt to represent
the United States on the occasion of the coronation of
the Czar.
In 1886 Pay-Inspector Stewart was assigned to the
important position of purchasing pay-officer in New York
City-, on which duty he was continued until May 16,
1890, when he was made paymaster-general of the navy.
He was selected for this position while he was still a pay-
inspector, with thirteen pay-directors senior to him on
the list.
The bureau of which he is chief directs all purchases
for the navy, has custody of all supplies, keeps account
of all appropriations for the navy, and is the financial
ami business bureau of the department.
General Stewart is a member of the Loyal Legion, oi
the University Club in New York, and of the Metropol-
itan and Army and Navy Clubs in Washington.
He has for many years been a Sunday-school super-
intendent, and is a ruling elder in the Presbyterian
Church.
404
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY A. YD NAVY {regular)
COMMANDER YATES STIRLING, U.S.N.
Commander Yates Stirling is a native of Maryland,
and was appointed to the Naval Academy from that
State in September, 1S60. The services of all were in
demand soon after, and on May 28, [863, he left the
academy with the rank of ensign in the navy. He was
assigned to the sloop-of-war " Shenandoah." Was de-
tached from "Shenandoah" in April, 1864, while that
vessel was undergoing repairs at Philadelphia. Ordered
back to the "Shenandoah" in June following; but, in the
mean time, had served the two months in the monitor
" Onondaga," then the flag-ship of the North Atlantic
Blockading Squadron, in James River. Served in both
attacks upon Fort Fisher. After the close of the Civil War
he went to the " Mohongo," in the Pacific, and was at-
tached to her from 1865—67. In 1866 he received his lieu-
tenant's commission. He was commissioned lieutenant-
commander March 12, 1868. Was attached to the
" Wampanoag" timing her trial-trip in that year ; and then
served in the " Contocook," flag-ship, North Atlantic
Squadron, 1868-69. He was attached to the receiving-
ship " Independence" during 1871-72. During the
years 1 873—75 Lieutenant-Commander Stirling was upon
sick-leave. Upon his recovery he was ordered to the
receiving-ship "Worcester," during 1875-76; torpedo
duty in 1877; ordnance duty at the navy-yard, Wash-
ington, 1877-78.
From 1878—8] he served in the steam sloop-of-war
" Lackawanna," in the Pacific. Was promoted to com-
mander November 26, 1S80. From 1882-84 ne was
stationed at the Washington Navy- Yard. From 1 884-8(1
he commanded the steam-sloop " Iroquois," on the Pacific
Station. From 18S7-90 he commanded the receiving-
ship "Dale," at Washington. In 1890-91 he was in
command of the U. S. S. " Dolphin."
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
■ 1'h
CAPTAIN EDWIN J. STIVERS, U.S.A. (retired).
Captain Edwin J. Stivers was born in Bolivar, Ohio,
June 14, 1836. He entered the volunteer service early in
the war of the Rebellion, and was fifer and private of
Company K, and fife-major and sergeant-major of the
Eighty-ninth Illinois Infantry from August 7, 1862, to
December 1, 1863, when he was appointed second lieu-
tenant of the Seventeenth U. S. Colored Infantry.
Me served in the field with the armies of the West, and
was engaged in the battles of Stone River, Liberty Gap,
Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, and Nashville.
In the report of the battle of Chickamauga, made by
the commander of the Eighty-ninth Illinois Infantry, he
says, "Sergeant-major E. J. Stivers deserves special
mention for brave and intrepid conduct." He was also
referred to by General Rosecrans in his report of the
same battle. He was captured by four guerillas in Ala-
bama during the Hood campaign, but escaped after a few
hours' captivity.
lie was promoted first lieutenant February 5, 1864,
and captain August 2, 1865, and honorably mustered out
of service November 3, 1866. He was appointed second
lieutenant of the Fortieth U. S. Infantry July 28, 1866,
but did not accept the appointment until February 5,
1867. He was then brevetted first lieutenant March 2,
1867, for "gallant and meritorious services in the battle
of Nashville, Tennessee."
Lieutenant Stivers was promoted first lieutenant Sep-
tember 15, 1868, and transferred to the Twenty-fifth
Infantry, on the consolidation of regiments, April 20,
1869. 1 Ie performed garrison duty at various posts until
1879, when he was examined by a retiring board on
account of injuries incidental to the service, and, after
nearly two years' absence on account of disability, re-
turned to active service, which continued until May 4,
188S, when he was ordered by the Secretary of War to
his home, on account of disability incurred in the line of
duty, and was finally placed on the retired list Feb-
ruary 24, 1 891.
Lieutenant Stivers was promoted captain February 19,
18S3. During his active service in the regular army he
filled the positions of quartermaster and commissary at
Fort Macon, North Carolina ; Raleigh, North Carolina ;
and Fort Pike, Louisiana.
406
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular*
CAPTAIN AND BREVET LIEUTENANT-COLONEL
EBENEZER W. STONE, U.S.A.
Captain and Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel Ebenezek
W. Stone (Twenty-first Infantry) was born at Boston,
Massachusetts, October 23, 1837. He was commissioned
captain, First Massachusetts Infantry, May 24, i86i,and
served with the regiment until mustered out, May 25,
1 864.
The regiment was the first three years' organization to
leave the State, and was engaged at first battle of Bull
Run. It was assigned to Army of the Potomac, and
engaged in all battles and campaigns of that army until
mustered out, except the Antietam campaign.
In September, 1864, he was commissioned lieutenant-
colonel Sixty-first Massachusetts, and mustered as such
February 28, 1865. He served with the regiment until
mustered out, July 16, 1S65. The regiment was assigned
to the Army of the Potomac, and served with it until
mustered out.
He was commissioned second lieutenant, Twelfth U. S.
Infantry, May 11, 1866, and in the reorganization of the
army in 1866 he was transferred to the Twenty-first In-
fantry (Second Battalion, Twelfth Infantry), and promoted
first lieutenant, Twenty-first Infantry, March 26, 1868.
He was promoted captain, Twenty-first Infantry, Novem-
ber 11, 1879. He then became unassigned from April
19, 1869, to December 15, 1870.
lie served as chief quartermaster fir the garrison of
Washington, under command of Brevet Major-General
William H. Emory, from October, 1866, to March, 1867.
He was adjutant of the Artillery School from October,
1867, to March, 1868; assistant adjutant-general, Sub-
District of Fort Monroe and Norfolk (First Military
District), from September, 1S67, to July, 1868.
lie was military commissioner, Division of Recon-
struction, comprising the counties of Accomac and
Northampton, Virginia, from July to September, 1868;
aide-de-camp to Brevet Major-Generals George Stoneman
and A. S. Webb, commanding hirst Military District
(Virginia), from September 25, 1868, to May 1, 1869;
acting assistant adjutant-general, Department of Califor-
nia, from May, 1869, to May, 1870, Brigadier-General
E. O. C. Ord commanding; acting assistant adjutant-
general, Department of Arizona, from May, 1870, to
June, 1 87 1, Brevet Major-General George Stoneman
commanding ; depot and purchasing quartermaster and
commissary in the field, with the Modoc campaign, from
November, 1872, to August, 1873, Brigadier-General E.
R. S. Canby and Brevet Major-General J. C. Davis
commanding; chief commissary in the field during the
Bannock campaign of 1S78, Major-General O. O. Howard
commanding.
Upon being appointed to the regular army he was bre-
vetted first lieutenant and captain, U.S.A., for " gallant
and meritorious services at battle of Williamsburg, Vir-
ginia ;" major, U.S.A., for " gallant and meritorious ser-
vices at battle of Chancellorsville, Virginia ;" lieutenant-
colonel, U.S.A., for " gallant and meritorious services at
battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania."
He was also brevetted colonel of volunteers, for " gal-
lant and meritorious services during the campaign result-
ing in the fall of Richmond, Virginia, and the surrender
of insurgent army under General R. E. Lee."
WHO served in the civil war.
407
REAR-ADMIRAL S. H. STRINGHAM, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Rear-Admiral S. H. Stringham, in his day and gen-
eration, stood among the very foremost in our service.
Born in Orange County, New York, he entered the ser-
vice as a midshipman in June, 18 10, and first served in
the frigate " President," in 1811-12. While attached to
the " President" he took part in the engagement with
H. M. S. " Little Belt" and the English frigate " Belvi-
dere."
In December, 1S14, Midshipman Stringham was com-
missioned as lieutenant, and he took part in the cap-
ture of the Algerine privateers in 1815. It was not until
1 83 1 that he was made commander, — having for a long-
time been employed on various naval duties, ashore and
afloat. During the years 1836-37 he commanded the
"John Adams," and was stationed at the New York
Navy- Yard when he was commissioned as captain, in
1841. He then commanded the razee " Independence;"
was in command of the navy-yard at New York ; com-
manded the ship-of-the-line " Ohio," in the Pacific, during
the Mexican War; was commandant of the navy-yard at
Norfolk. His next duty was the command of the Med-
iterranean Squadron from 1852 to 1855. From 1856 to
i860 he was in command of the Boston Navy-Yard.
When the Civil War broke out he was made flag-officer
of the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron. His limits of
command were from the easternmost line of Virginia to
Cape Florida. The small force which the department was
then able to afford him was skilfully disposed of, and a
very fairly effective blockade instituted. At that period
forays of privateers, so-called, became seriously annoy-
ing-, and as most of them came from the Great Sounds of
North Carolina, it became necessary to seize and possess
their mode of exit to the high seas. This pass was Hat-
teras Inlet. Stringham, at an age when he would be
subject to retirement a year or two later, commanded the
naval forces in person, and a military force of eight hun-
dred men co-operated with him. Forts Clark and Hat-
teras were speedily captured, and the entire garrisons,
under Captain Barron, who had been fifty years in the
U. S. Navy, surrendered, after great loss. Not a man of
the attacking force was killed or wounded. The military
force sent was not sufficient to follow up the success. At
that period we were only learning, slowly, how to con-
duct war. In September, 1S61, at his own request, he
was relieved from a command too arduous for a person
of his age. He was commissioned as rear-admiral July
16, 1862, and ordered to special duty. Was commandant
of navy-yard, 1864-66; port-admiral, at New York, 1868.
Died in 1869.
Admiral Stringham was of very strong, square build,
and of medium height. His countenance was most firm,
while pleasant and mild in expression. He wore no
beard, and was always careful to be clean-shaven, and
was especially neat in his dress. He was a martinet, but
he always scrupulously obeyed " regulations" himself, —
at whatever personal inconvenience, — and always took
care that every one under his command did so.
4o8
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN AND BREVET LIEUTENANT-COLONEL
SHELDON STURGEON, U.S.A. (retired).
Captain and Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel Sheldon
Stukgeon was bom in Sparta, New York, February 7,
1838, and graduated from the Military Academy May 6,
[861. He was promoted second lieutenant of the First
Infantry the same day; first lieutenant June 24, 1861 ;
and captain .April 25, 1862. He served during the war
of the Rebellion drilling the Sixty-ninth New York In-
fantry, Second Maine Infantry, and Second Connecticut
Infantry until July 1, 1861 ; then he was on duty with
the battalion of the Third I". S. Infantry until September,
1861, participating with it in the battle of Bull Run,
when he joined his company at Governor's Island, New
York, on its return from Texas on parole. He was
then detailed on recruiting service, and was mustering
and disbursing officer at Buffalo, New York, from 1861
to 1863. At that time he joined his company at New
( Orleans, Louisiana, and was attached to the staff of
Major-General Banks and Major-General Hurlburt; com-
missar}' of musters ami superintendent of the recruiting
service, Department of the Gulf. He was also attached
to the staff of Major-General Canby, January 7, 1864.
1 [e was chief mustering officer and acting assistant pro-
vost marshal-general for the Military Division of West
Mississippi, conducting the enrollment and draft. He
held the same position under Major-General Sheridan in
1 865-66.
He was brevetted major and lieutenant-colonel, March
13, 1865, " for gallant and meritorious services during
the war." He was appointed colonel of the First New
Orleans Infantry April 2^, 1865, and honorably mus-
tered out of the volunteer service August 15, 1865. He
joined his company at Jackson Barracks, Louisiana, and
served with it until November, 1868, being detached, in
the mean time, for several months, as supervising officer
nf registration for the nine southern parishes of Louisi-
ana, including New Orleans, under the direction of
Major-General Sheridan, until attacked with yellow
fever. I le was then granted lea\ e of absence for five
months, rejoining his company at New Orleans, in April,
1869.
1 lis regiment was transferred to the Department of the
Lakes, and Captain Sturgeon served at Fort Wayne,
Michigan, and Fort Porter, New York, until January 1,
[871, when he was transferred to the Sixth Cavalry, and
served with Troop II, at Fort Richardson, Texas; Fort
Haves, Kansas; Aberdeen, Mississippi; Fort Riley,
Kansas, and scouting in the Indian country until Octo-
ber, 187 2. From that time he was on leave of absence,
and was retired from active service, May 17, I 876, for
disability.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
COLONEL SAMUEL D. STURGIS, U.S.A. (deceased).
Colonel Samuel D. Sturgis was born in Pennsyl-
vania, and graduated at the Military Academy July i,
1846. He was promoted brevet second lieutenant, Second
Dragoons, the same day, and second lieutenant, First
Dragoons, Feb. 16, 1847. He served in the war with M -
ico, and was captured, Feb. 20, 1847, while reconnoitring
near Buena Vista, and not released until Feb. 28, 1S47,
after the battle. He was on frontier duty in California,
1848-51, and then served at Jefferson Barracks; Fort
Leavenworth; and Albuquerque, New M intil 1854.
He was promoted first lieutenant July 15, 1853, an<1
was scouting against Jicarilla Apaches, being engaged in
the action of Cienega, New Mexico, April 6, 1854. lb-
was at Moro, Fort Fillmore, and Santa Fe, New Me>
until 1855, and from the latter place was scouting and
engaged against Apache Indians in a skirmish, January
16, 1855. He was on frontier duty and Fort Leavenworth,
1855 — 57 » on Cheyenne Expedition, and engaged in the
combat on Solomon's Fork of the Kansas River, July 27,
1857, and skirmish against Kiowa and Comanche Indians
near Grand Saline, August 6, 1857. He then served in
Kansas, Nebraska, Indian Territory, Missouri, and Fort
Cobb, Indian Territory, until i860, when he was in com-
mand of the southern column of Kiowa and Comanche
Expedition from June to Oct., i860, being engaged in a
severe action on Prairie I )■ »g ( reek, Ai 60, and in
several skirmishes.
He was promoted captain March 3, 1855. During the
years 1860-61 he was employed in adjusting difficulties
between Cherokee Indians and white settlers, and after-
ward - I it Smith, Arkansas, at the breaking out of
the war of the Rebellion. He evacuated this post April
23, 1 86 1 , to pre. ent being captured by a formidable expe-
dition, and marched to Fort Leavenworth, via Wichita.
Kansas. He was promoted major, May 3, 1861, and was
engaged on an expedition to Southwest Missouri, June
24, 1861, uniting with General Lyon, July 5, 1861, on
Grand River, Missouri, and was engaged in the action of
Dug Spring and battle of Wilson's Creek, where he
commanded after the fall of General Lyon, and conducted
the retreat to Rolla, Missouri.
Made brigadier-general of volunteers Aug. 10, 1861,
and participated in an expedition to northeast Mis-
souri : was on the march to Kansas City, October, 1861,
forming the right of General Fremont's movement on
Springfield ; chief of staff to Major-General Hunter,
November, 1861 ; on tour of inspection of Ohio and
Mississippi River posts in Dec, 1S61 ; in command of the
District of Kansas from April 10 to May 5, 1862 ; in com-
mand of the defences of Washington from May 25 to Aug.
24, 1 862 ; and then participated in the campaigns of the
Army of the Potomac, being engaged in the battle of Bull
Run, Aug. 29, 1862, South Mountain, battle of Antietam,
409
and several skirmishes while pursuing the enemy, and
battl' 1
General Sturgis was transferred to the Western arm
and participated in the operations in central Kentucky
from April to Jul}-, 1863, and was chief of cavalry, I
partment of Ohio, to April 15, 1864. He was promo
lieutenant-colonel, Sixth Caval !jer 27, 1863, and
subsequently engaged in organizing the militia of Cin-
cinnati during Morgan's rebel raid ; in operations in E
Tennessee, and action of Mossy Creek, Dandridge; cap-
ture of General Vance and his rebel command ; rout of
General Martin's rebel cavalry, and destruction of camp
of rebels and Indians near Quallatown, North Carolina;
in expedition from Memphis, M :. and engaged in
the combat at Bolivar, Tennessee, and pursuit of rebels
under Forrest, to Rip' issippi : and in the second
expedition against Forrest, being engaged in the combat
near Gun Town, Mississippi, June 10, 1864. Aug. 24,
1S65, he was mustered out of the volunteer service.
He was brevetted lieutenant-colonel, August 10, 1861,
for " gallant and meritoii in the battle of
Wilson's Creek, Missouri," and colonel, December 13,
1862, for " gallant and meritorious services at the battle
ricksburg, Virginia."
He then served in command of the Sixth Cavalry at
Austin, Texas : Camp Wil Board on
tern of Cavalry Tactics, Jul}- 3, 1868, to April 24, 1
promote th Cavalry, May 6,
,. and at Fort Leavenworth and Louisville, Kentucky,
to 1X73; superintendent of general recruiting ser.
1874-76 ; at Fort Lincoln. '>~JJ ; on Ye"
stone Expedition, 1877-78; and then served in var;
other capacities, commanding c, to 1881. He-
was governor of the - Home at Washington to
May, 18S5, and then at Fort Dakota. Wa-
tired from active June n, 1866. He died at St.
Paul, Minnc-
4io
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
MAJOR-GENERAL EDWIN V. SUMNER, U.S.A.
(deceased).
Major-General Edwin V. Sumner was born in Bos-
ton, Massachusetts, January 30, 1797; died in Syracuse,
New York, March 21, 1863. Young Sumner was edu-
cated at Milton (Massachusetts) Academy, and entered
the army in 1819 as second lieutenant of infantry. He
served in the Black Hawk War, became captain of the
Second Dragoons in [833, and was employed on the
Western frontier, where he distinguished himself as an
Indian fighter. In 1838 he was placed in command of
the School of Cavalry Practice at Carlisle, Pennsylvania.
He was promoted major in 1846, and in the Mexican
War led the cavalry charge at Cerro Gordo, in April,
1847; commanded the reserves at Contreras and Churu-
busco, and at the head of the cavalry at Molino del Rev
checked the advance of five thousand Mexican lancers.
He was governor of New Mexico in 1851-53, when he
visited Europe to report on improvements in cavalry.
In 1855 he was promoted colonel of the First Cavalry,
and made a successful expedition against the Cheyennes.
In command of the Department of the West, in 1858, he
rendered efficient service during the Kansas troubles.
In March, 1 861, he was appointed brigadier-general in
the regular army, and sent to relieve General Albert
Sidney Johnston, in command of the Department of the
Pacific, but was recalled in the following year to the
command of the First Corps of the Army of the Poto-
mac. He commanded the left wing at the siege of
Yorktown. At Fair Oaks, where McClellan's army was
divided by the Chickahominy, and the left wing was
heavily attacked, the orders of Sumner to cross the river
and reinforce that wing found him with his corps drawn
out and ready to move instantly. In the Seven Days'
battle he was twice wounded. In 1862 he was appointed
major-general of volunteers, led the Second Corps at the
battle of Antietam, where he was wounded, and com-
manded one of the three grand divisions of Burnside's
army at Fredericksburg, his division being the first to
cross the Rappahannock. At his own request he was re-
lieved in 1863, and being appointed to the Department
of the Missouri, he was on his way thither when he died.
He was brevetted lieutenant-colonel for Cerro Gordo,
colonel for Molino del Rey, and major-general in the
regular arm)- for services before Richmond. Major-
General Sumner's last words, as he, with great effort,
waved a glass of wine above his head, were, " God save
my country, the United States of America." His son,
Edwin Vose, served with merit through the Civil War,
and was appointed major of the Fifth Cavalry in 1S79,
and inspector of rifle practice, Department of the Mis-
souri.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
411
BRIGADIER-GENERAL CHARLES SUTHERLAND,
U.S.A.
Brigadier-General Charles Sutherland (Surgeon-
General) was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, May 29,
1830. He was appointed assistant surgeon August 5,
1852, and was promoted captain and assistant surgeon
August 5, 1857, and major and surgeon April 16, 1862.
He was assigned to duty as acting assistant surgeon at
Fort Monroe, Virginia, and in New Mexico from Novem-
ber, 185 1, to April, 1852 ; served with troops on the plains,
also at Fort Webster, Fort Fillmore, Fort Craig, Santa
Fe, and Fort Stanton, New Mexico, to September, 1857;
Fort Moultrie, South Carolina, to January 18, 1S58; on
leave until September, 1858; Forts Davis and Duncan,
Texas, to February, 1S61 ; not taken prisoner on the
secession of Texas, and left that State with artillery and
infantry troops for New York City ; reported for duty to
surgeon-general in March, 1861 ; sailed in April, 1861,011
secret expedition to Fort Pickens, Santa Rosa Island,
Florida; at Fort Pickens to March, 1862, and participated
in the two bombardments of Fort Pickens and in the
assault on Wilson's camp on the island of Santa Rosa,
Florida. He was then stationed at Fort Warren, Massa-
chusetts, until June, 1862, when he joined the armies of
the West in the field, and was medical purveyor to the
armies under Major-General Halleck, Pittsburg Landing,
Tennessee. He established a large depot at Columbus,
Kentucky, and fitted out nine general hospitals and a
second purveying depot at Memphis, Tennessee. He was
then appointed medical inspector of camps and transports
of the Army of the Tennessee in and about Vicksburg,
Mississippi ; was with the Army of the Tennessee in the
campaign and siege of Vicksburg, and participated in the
surrender of that place July 4, 1863. He then became
medical director, Department of Virginia and North
Carolina, to November, 1863; member Retiring Board,
Wilmington, Delaware, to January, 1S64; medical di-
rector of hospitals, Annapolis, Maryland, to May, 1864;
and purchasing medical purveyor, Washington, D. C,
until the close of the Rebellion.
He was brevetted lieutenant-colonel, March 13, 1865,
for "faithful and meritorious services during the war ;"
and colonel, March 13, 1865, for " meritorious services
and diligent discharge of duties during the war." He
was promoted lieutenant-colonel and assistant medical
purveyor July 28, 1866, and remained on duty in Wash-
ington, D. C, to June, 1870 ; then was member of Retiring
Board, in New York City, from October, 1870, to March,
1 87 1. He was acting chief medical purveyor, New York
City, to June, 1876; acting assistant medical purveyor,
New York, to July, 1878; on leave to September, 1879;
on duty as medical director of the Military Division of
the Pacific, Presidio of San Francisco, October 27, 1879,
to May, 18S4; member of Retiring Board; member of a
board convened by President Arthur to locate a site for
a quarantine station at San Francisco, California ; medical
director, Division of the Atlantic, from May, 18X4, and
member of Retiring Board, at Governor's Island, New
York, 1890.
Colonel Sutherland was appointed brigadier-general
and surgeon-general December 23, 1890, taking station
at Washington City.
412
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
BRIGADIER-GENERAL DAVID G. SWAIM, U.S.A.
Brigadier-General David G. Swaim (Judge-Advo-
cate-General) was born in Salem, Columbiana Count}-,
Ohio. Mis family has been represented in the active
operations of every war in which the United States has
been engaged, and conspicuously during the War of 1S12
in the person of Commodore (Captain) Lawrence, of the
navy. 1 lis father was the friend of Joshua R. Giddings,
Salmon P. Chase, and other advanced political thinkers
of that day, and was one of the few who organized the
Free-Soil party in Ohio.
General Swaim received an academic education in his
native State, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in
1859. He has always been a Republican in politics, and,
although young in years, took an active part in the Presi-
dential campaign of 1S60. In 1861 he entered the army
as first lieutenant of the Sixty-fifth Ohio Volunteers
(Sherman's brigade), and soon after taking the field was
promoted adjutant of the regiment, and acting adjutant-
general of the brigade to which his regiment was attached
in the Army of the Ohio (afterwards the Army of the
Cumberland), commanded successively by Generals Buell,
Rosecrans, and Thomas. He participated in the cam-
paigns and battles of those armies, among others the
battles of Shiloh (where he was slightly wounded),
Perryville, Kentucky; Chickamauga (where he was in-
jured by the killing of the horse on which he was
mounted), and Missionary Ridge. For his services at
the battle of Shiloh he was promoted captain and as-
sistant adjutant-general of volunteers ; and after the battle
of Stone River he was assigned to the staff of the general
commanding the Army of the Cumberland. He served
through the entire period of the war of tin Rebellion, and
was several times promoted, and was retained on staff
duty more than a year after the actual close of the war,
and was mustered out in October, t866, as assistant ad-
jutant-general, with the rank of major and brevet colonel
of volunteers. In February, 1867, he was commissioned
in the permanent military establishment, and on account
of his legal abilities and successful services on military
courts, he was assigned to duty as judge-advocate of the
Fourth Military District at Vicksburg, Mississippi, where,
as counsel for the government, he successfully argued
against eminent counsel the celebrated liabeas corpus
case of ex parte McCardle, involving the constitutionality
of the Reconstruction Acts of Congress, before the Cir-
cuit Court of the United States for the District of Mis-
sissippi ; and was of counsel in arguing the case on
appeal in the Supreme Court of the United States. In
1869 he was appointed major and judge-advocate in
the U. S. Ami)-, and was assigned to duty at head-
quarters of the Military Department of the Missouri,
which position he filled for more than ten years, and
on many occasions during that period he was, by special
detail of the Secretary of War, designated to officiate
as judge-advocate of courts-martial in the trial of im-
portant cases in different parts of the country. He also
appeared as counsel for the government before the or-
dinal'}' courts of law in matters affecting military juris-
diction and administration.
In December, 1879, President Hayes appointed him
judge-advocate-general of the arm}-, with the rank' of
brigadier-general, which he now holds. Upon his as-
signment to duty as judge-advocate-general, thus sewer-
ing his connection with the Department of the Mis-
souri as its judge-advocate, the commanding general
of the department issued the following in a general
order :
"Official notice having been received of the appoint-
ment of Major D. G. Swaim, judge-advocate, to be
judee- advocate -general of the army, the immediate
connection of that officer with this department is ter-
minated. This appointment is so public and splendid a
recognition by the highest officials of the government of
the ability and efficiency with which he has, during a
period of more than ten years, discharged the duties of
judge-advocate of this department, that it would be super-
fluous, and perhaps unbecoming, in the department com-
mander to add the commendation which he so deeply
feels.
" The appointment, however, involves the disruption of
personal and official ties which have been cemented
by so mail}' years of intimate intercourse, and the de-
partment commander cannot fail to regret this, while-
he congratulates General Swaim on his deserved pro-
motion."
It will be remembered that General Swaim was the de-
voted friend of the late President Garfield; and was his
trusted friend and companion all through the fatal hours
that attended the close of that noble life.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
4i.
COLONEL PETER T. SWA1NE, U.S.A.
Colonel Peter T. Swaine (Twenty-second Infantry)
was born in New York City, Jan. 21, I S3 I ; in military
service since Sept. 1, 1S47 ; a graduate of U. S. Military
Academy; a commissioned officer since July 1, 1852.
He was on continuous frontier duty prior to the war
of the Rebellion. At the breaking out of the war was
engaged in the preparatory work of advancing the effi-
ciency of regular and State troops in Cincinnati and vicinity,
compiling for their instruction several military works.
Commanded a battalion Fifteenth U. S. Infantry, and
joined the volunteer force (the nucleus of the Army of
the Cumberland), at Louisville, September 20, 1861, pro-
ceeding under Sherman to Muldraugh's Mill. Advanced
with his army (the battalion enlarged to eight com-
panies), through Kentucky into Tennessee, participating
in the battle of Shiloh and the siege of Corinth. Was
favorably mentioned in Rousseau's report of the battle-
as " conspicuous for good conduct, and strongly recom-
mended as a soldier by profession who has shown himself
fit for higher offices of usefulness." Was favorably men-
tioned in King's report of battle as " entitled to special no-
tice for the discipline and manoeuvring of his command."
Was called to the aid of General Lew Wallace in the
defence of Newport, Covington, and Cincinnati, against
the forces of General Kirby Smith, and appointed colo-
nel of the Ninety-ninth Ohio Infantry September 2,
1862; constructed rifle-pits, strengthened fortifications,
and commanded the volunteers and irregular riflemen
assembling there. Upon the withdrawal of the enemy
was assigned to the command of a large force of the
combined arms of the service for the relief of Lexington,
which was effected. Subsequently commanded the Sec-
ond Brigade, First Division, Department of the Ohio,
and upon reorganization was assigned to the command
of the Second Brigade, Third Division, Army of Ken-
tucky, October, 1862. Voluntarily relinquished com-
mand of brigade to command his regiment on learning
that it was badly in need of instruction, serving in com-
mand of it in Third Brigade, Third Division, left wing
Army of the Cumberland, in the Stone River campaign,
and was severely wounded in that battle. The brigade
commander, Price, in his report of that battle, states,
" that officers and men of the Ninety-ninth Ohio com-
manded by him deserve special praise for their gallantry."
Was assigned the command of three regiments of
infantry, a battery, and a section of another battery, Sept.
1 8, 1863, in the Chickamauga campaign, and directed to
occupy a commanding position on the front, which was
accomplished. This position was maintained until two
o'clock p. 11., of the 19th, when the elements composing
this temporary command were returned to their proper
brigades, and he assigned to command of two regiments
of infantry during rest of the battle, that day and the next,
doing valiant service, as noted in the reports of his mili-
tary superiors. Received favorable notice in Rosecrans's
report of battle of Chickamauga, which quotes the special
remarks of his two immediate commanders.
Was mentioned in the report of General A. Baird,
commanding a division, as " an officer from another divi-
sion, commanding two regiments, brought into action
near his own, whom he was glad to mention to the com-
manding general."
The report of General H. P. Van Cleve, his division
commander, referring to his assignment to the special
command on the 1 8th and 19th, states that " in posting his
troops he displayed, as I have noticed on other occasions,
much judgment and skill ; that his conduct on the
field received the commendations of his brigade com-
mander, and he commends him to the notice of the gen-
eral commanding."
Was frequently alluded to in the report of his brigade
commander in favorable terms, the report closing with
the remark that " he acted well his part and gave evi-
dence of undoubted courage and ability to command."
Was placed in command of all brigades and regiments
occupying Missionary Ridge the day after the battle, and
retained in command of all outposts and pickets of the
left wing of the army when it was drawn within the forti-
fications of Chattanooga until late in the fall of 1863.
Was transferred with his regiment to the Twenty-
third Army Corps, to command the Second Brigade of
the First Div. during the invasion of Georgia by Sher-
man, participating in all the engagements to and including
siege of Atlanta, leading the corps and army in the flank-
attack on Kenesaw Mountain, and capture of Decatur
in front of Atlanta by a charge in line of this brigade.
He received three brevets. Has commanded various dis-
tricts and posts in Southern States and on the frontier
since the war.
414
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
GENERAL WAGER SWAYNE, U.S.A. (retired).
General Wager Swayne was born in Columbus,
Ohio, iotli of November, i S 3 4 ; was graduated at Yale
in 1856, and at the Cincinnati Law School in 1S59. On
his admission to the bar he practised in Columbus. He
was appointed major of the Forty-third Ohio Volunteers
on August 31, 1S61 ; became lieutenant-colonel Decem-
ber 14, 1861 ; colonel on October 18, i8(">2; served in all
the marches and battles of the Atlanta campaign ; lost a
leg at Salkehatchie, South Carolina, and was brevetted
brigadier-general U. S. Volunteers on February 5, 1S65,
becoming full brigadier-general on March 8, 1865, and
major-general on June 20, 1865. Me was made colonel
of the Forty-fifth Regular Infantry on July 28, 1866, and
on March 2, 1S67, was brevetted brigadier-general, U. S.
Army, for gallant and meritorious services in the action
of River's Bridge, South Carolina, and major-general for
services during the war. He was mustered out of the
volunteer service on September 1, 1867. General Swayne
was a commissioner of the Freedmen's Bureau in Ala-
bama, where he commanded the U. S. forces, and was
also intrusted with the administration of the reconstruc-
tion acts of Congress, organizing an extensive system of
common schools for colored children, who had none,
and establishing at Montgomery, Selma, and Mobile,
important high schools, which still remain, and also
Talladega College. He retired on July 1, 1870, and
practised law in Toledo, Ohio, but in 1880 he removed
to New York City, where he is counsel for railroad and
telegraph corporations. His ancestor, Francis Swayne,
came to this country with William Penn, and the farm
on which he settled is still in possession of his descend-
ants. Wager's father, Noah I Iaynes Swayne, was an
eminent jurist in Culpeper Count}-, Virginia. The trial
of William Rossane and others, in the U. S. Circuit
Court, at Columbus, in 1853, for burning the steamboat
" Martha Washington" to obtain the insurance, was one
of his most celebrated cases.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
415
BRIGADIER-GENERAL THOMAS W. SWEENY, U.S.A.
(deceased).
Brigadier-General Thomas W. Sweeny was born in
Cork, Ireland, December 25, 1820, and came to the
United States in 1832, settling in New York, where he
was apprenticed as a printer. When a young man he
joined the Independent Tompkins Blues, then one of the
crack military organizations of the metropolis.
At the breaking out of the Mexican War he joined
Colonel Ward B. Burnett's First Regiment of New York
Volunteers, being elected second lieutenant.
Lieutenant Sweeny participated in the campaign under
General Scott to the storming of Churubusco. He was
severely wounded at Cerro Gordo. At Churubusco he
was twice wounded, receiving a ball in the groin and
another in his right arm, " but nevertheless continued to
lead and animate his men till he sank from exhaustion
and loss of blood and had to be carried to the rear."
The wound in his arm proved so serious that amputa-
tion was deemed necessary, and was accordingly per-
formed.
On his return to New York, in 184(8, he received a
brevet of captain and a silver medal from the city of New
York. He was also given a grand reception ball at
Castle Garden by the printers of the city, which was a
notable affair, the guests comprising ex-President of the
United States Martin Van Buren, Major-General John A.
Quitman, Hon. Simon Cameron, United States Senator
William B. Maclay, and representatives of the city and
State government.
He was soon after commissioned second lieutenant in
the Second U. S. Infantry, and served in California and in
the Western States, engaging in frequent actions with
hostile Indians.
lie was made captain January 19, 1861. At the out-
break of the Civil War he was ordered to St. Louis and
given the command of the United States Arsenal.
He was second in command of the Union troops at
the surrender of Camp Jackson, and, in consequence of
General Lyon being disabled, conducted the final nego-
tiations. Subsequently he was instrumental in the
organization of the Missouri three months' volunteers,
and was appointed brigadier-general of the Fourth United
States Reserve Corps, May 20, 1861.
In the battle of Wilson's Creek he led the Second
Kansas Regiment, General Lyon leading the First Iowa.
Of General Sweeny's conduct in this engagement, Gen-
eral Sturgis, in his official report, says, " This gallant
officer was especially distinguished by his zeal in rallying
broken fragments of various regiments (even after re-
ceiving a severe wound in his leg) and leading them into
the hottest of the fight."
He afterwards accepted the command of the Fifty-
second Illinois Volunteers, and was attached to the army
of General Grant, participating in the capture of Fort
Donelson, after which he took six thousand prisoners to
Alton, Illinois.
At Shiloh he was again wounded, receiving a bullet in
his leg, and another in his remaining arm. Toward the
close of the first day's battle, a gap existed between the
right flank of Sweeny's brigade and General William T.
Sherman's left. The defence of this position, which was
the key of the situation, was intrusted to him by Sherman,
who has since said, " He held it, and I attach more im-
portance to that event than to any of the hundred
achievements which I have since heard saved the day."
General Sweeny was commissioned brigadier-general
November 29, 1862, and thereafter commanded a divi-
sion of the Sixteenth Army Corps.
He was promoted major of the Sixteenth U. S. Infantry
October 20, 1863, and in the Atlanta campaign com-
manded the Second Division of the Sixteenth Corps of
the Army of the Tennessee. At Snake Creek Gap his
command took possession of the Gap twenty-four hours
in advance of the cavalry, and held it, in spite of the des-
perate efforts of the enemy to dislodge him. He took
part in the battle of Resaca, and forced a passage across
the Oostenaula River at Lay's Ferry, where he fought a
successful battle, which resulted in General Joseph E.
Johnston's retreat southward.
He also participated in the battles of Dallas and Kene-
saw Mountain ; and at the battle before Atlanta, July 22
1864, his division drove the enemy back with great loss,
capturing four battle-flags and nine hundred prisoners.
General Sweeny was mustered out of the volunteer
service August 24, 1865. He afterwards was placed in
command of various posts in the Southern States. He
received an elegant gold sword from the city of Brooklyn
for his services in the Rebellion. General Sweeny was
retired with the full rank of brigadier-general May n,
1870, and died at Astoria, Long Island, April 10, 1892.
416
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NA VY (regular)
CAPTAIN OWEN J. SWEET, U.S A.
Captain Owen J. Sweet (Twenty-fifth Infantry) was
born in Kent, Connecticut, September 4, 1845. He
entered the service as second lieutenant of the One
Hundred and Thirty-seventh New York Infantry, Sep-
tember 6, 1862. He served in the Third Brigade,
Second Division, Twelfth Army Corps, Army of the
Potomac. During the year 1S62, in skirmishes at
Bolivar Heights, Hallstown, Charlestown, Berryville, and
near Winchester, Virginia; March 19, 1863, promoted
first lieutenant One Hundred and Thirty-seventh New
York Infantry; 1S63, in skirmishes at Occoquan Creek-,
Dumfries, Snicker's, and Manassas Gaps, Virginia ; Fair-
field, Maryland; battles of Fredericksburg and Chancel-
lorsville, Virginia, and Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, where,
when seventeen years of age, on the night of July 2,
after his regiment, which had been holding a brigade
front against repeated assaults by General Swell's corps,
was compelled to change its position; and orders being
given to hold Culp's Hill to the death, he called for
volunteers and advanced against the flank, and finally
into the works in his front, and from an angle there
directed such a persistent attack and destructive fire as
to drive the rebels outside of the intrenchments, keeping
them there until their force was spent, and they were
compelled to retreat. Of the four officers with him, two
were killed, one wounded, and one taken prisoner, and
he narrowly escaped death, a bullet grazing his forehead.
For his good judgment, energy, and conspicuous gal-
lantry in this affair, he received on the field the special
thanks of his immediate commander, Colonel David
I Hand.
He was promoted captain, One Hundred and Thirty-
seventh New York Infantry, March 12, 1864, and joined
with the Arm)- of the Cumberland (Twentieth Army
Corps), 1864, in skirmishes at Villanow, Gordonsville,
Snake Creek Gap, Pumpkin-Vine Creek, Big Shanty,
Adairsville, Nickajack Creek, Smyrna Church, Steep
Banks, Pace's and Turner's Ferry, Chattahoochee River,
Macon Railroad, Decatur, and Stone Mountain; battles
of Rocky-faced Ridge and Resaca (where, when com-
manding a division of his regiment, in the front line, in a
charge on the rebel position, he gallantly aided in the
capture of a four-gun intrenched battery), New Hope
Church, Dallas, Allatoona, Lost Mountain, ami Pine
Mountains (where, being among the first to enter the
enemy's breastworks, he was wounded in the shoulder).
Nose's Creek', Culp's Farm, Marietta, Kenesaw Mountain,
Peach-Tree Creek, and fighting in front, siege, and cap-
ture of Atlanta, Georgia.
Captain Sweet was also in the Army of Georgia, and par-
ticipated in Sherman's " march to the sea ;" in skirmishes
at Davisborough, Milledgeville, Louisville, Sandersville,
Milieu, Buckhead Creek, Williamson Plantation ; fighting
in front, siege, and capture of Savannah, Georgia, where
he was the first officer to enter the enemy's fortifications;
in 1865, in Sherman's campaign through the Carolinas ;
in a skirmish at Blackville, Big ami Little Edisto Rivers,
Maxwell's, Meadow's, and New Bridges on the Black-
water ; at the latter bridge he was in command of several
hundred of " Sherman's Bummers;" he forced a passage
under a destructive cavalry and artillery fire, crossing his
command on fence-rails laid on the bridge timbers, turned
and drove the enemy before him and from the upper
bridges, enabling his division and corps train to cross.
For his activity, skill, and marked gallantry in this affair,
he received the special thanks of Brevet Major-General
John W. Geary, commanding Second Division, Twentieth
Army Corps. Lexington Court-House, Williams's Mill,
McDaniel's, Evans's, and Sikes's Plantation, Fayettsville,
Cheraw, Jackson's Cross-Roads, Winsborough, Wades-
borough, on Little River, Goldsborough, Smithfield,
Raleigh, and Jones's Cross-Roads ; battles of Averys-
borough and Bentonville, North Carolina.
Commissioned brevet major New York Volunteers by
the governor of New York, for " gallant and meritorious
services during the Rebellion," March 13, 1865. Since
the war, Capt. Sweet has served in N. C, in expeditions
against Indians in Cal. and Texas, and Indian Territory.
He was promoted captain, Twenty-fifth U. S. Infantry,
October 19, 1886. In Ma)-, 1890, he was charged with
the supervision of marking the boundary-lines of the
Custer Battle-field National Cemetery, and the erection
of the head-stones designated to mark the places on the
battle field of the Little Big Horn, Montana, where
General Custer and live troops of his command, Seventh
U. S. Cavalry, fell in battle with the Sioux Indians, June
25, 1S76. Present station, Port Custer, Montana, where
he is commanding Company D, Twenty-fifth U. S.
Infantrv.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
417
COLONEL AND BREVET BRIGADIER-GENERAL NEL-
SON B. SWEITZER, U.S.A. (retired).
Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-General Nelson
B. Sweitzer was born in Pennsylvania, December 12,
1828, and graduated from the Military Academy July 1,
1853. He was promoted brevet second lieutenant of the
Second Dragoons the same day; second lieutenant July
25, 1854, and first lieutenant First Dragoons September
24, 1855. He served at the cavalry depots until 1854,
and then joined his regiment in New Mexico. He was
at Fort Lane, Oregon, from the spring of 1855 to the
summer of 1856, and was engaged campaigning against
and fighting Pacific coast Indians, the last of which ended
by surrender and removal of all Indians in Southern
Oregon to reservations in Northeastern Oregon.
Joined Troop " E" at Walla Walla, W. T., as first lieu-
tenant, fall of 1856, and commanded escort to Wagon-
road Expedition, from Fort Dallas, Oregon, to Salt Lake,
Utah, during summer and fall of 1859. He was pro-
moted captain, First Cavalry, May 7, 1861, and was ap-
pointed lieutenant-colonel and additional aide-de-camp,
September 28, 1861, on the staff of General McClellan,
with whom he took the field, and participated in all
the campaigns under that officer and others. He was
engaged in so many actions, skirmishes, combats, and
battles that it is impossible to find room for them in
this sketch. He accompanied General McClellan to
New York on his being relieved from command of
Army of the Potomac, November 10, 1862, and assisted
writing report of operations of Army of the Potomac
until July, 1863 ; applied to join Army of the Potomac ;
took command First United States Cavalry, Cavalry
Corps Army of the Potomac.
He was selected by order of General Sheridan to take
First and Second U.S. Cavalry and dislodge, at any cost,
enemy from ridge commanding Meadow Bridge, General
Custer reporting his being unable to dislodge them with
his brigade ; the two regiments dislodged the enemy.
Colonel Sweitzer was with General Sheridan in the
Shenandoah campaign, and in combats at Berryville,
Stone Church, New Town, Front Royal, Shepherdstown,
at Smithfield, made a sabre charge with the First
Cavalry on the advance of the enemy, consisting of a
regiment and battalion, and drove them back on the main
body of the enemy, disabling and capturing a number.
He was appointed colonel of the Sixteenth New York
Cavalry, November 12, 1864, and he was, on the assassi-
nation of President Lincoln, with his regiment ordered to
Washington, April 16, 1865 ; patrolled Southern Mary-
land and Virginia, between Potomac and James Rivers,
for assassins of the President;' Booth, the assassin, killed,
and Harold and Mudd, conspirators, were arrested by
a detachment of the regiment.
At the close of the war he was brevetted in the regu-
53
lar service from major to brigadier-general, for "gallant
and meritorious services ;" and was also brevetted briga-
dier-general of volunteers. He was in command of the
District of the Northern Neck, Virginia, from May to
September, 1865; proceeded to New York with regi-
ment, and honorably mustered out of volunteer service
September 21,1 865. Commanded battalion Fifth Cavalry
and Sedgwick Barracks, Washington, D. C. ; joined
Second Cavalry as major, dating July 28, 1866, at Fort
Laramie, Wyoming; scouted North Platte and Sweet-
water country to South Pass; re-established telegraph
stations and lines destroyed by Indians ; selected location
for Fort Fetterman ; established route for road from pro-
posed site of Fort Fetterman on North Platte south to
projected line of Union Pacific Railroad on Laramie
Plains ; sent with battalion of Second Cavalry to patrol
road and protect supply trains from Sioux Indians on
road leading from North Platte to Forts Reno, Phil.
Kearney, and C. F. Smith, in Powder River and Big
Horn country, until October 20, 1867; inspector-general,
Department of the Platte, April, [868, to March, 1871 ;
engaged in scouting country of Platte and Loup Rivers
until October, 1872; March, 1873, at Fort Ellis, Mon-
tana, to September, 1875 ; guarding Gallatin Valley and
scouting country from Yellowstone to Musselshell and
Missouri Rivers; took command of Fort Sanders, Feb.
1877, and regiment; joined Eighth Cavalry as lieut.-col.
June 1877; took command of regiment and District of
the Rio Grande, from Fort Brown to Fort Mcintosh,
Texas ; served in Department of Texas to March, 1886.
Promoted colonel Second Cavalry, to date from January
9, 1886.
On Retiring Board, detailed by authority of the Presi-
dent, Dec. 18, 1885, to April, 1886 ; at Fort Walla Walla,
Washington Territory, May 1, 1886, to Oct. 29, [888.
Retired on his own application October 29, 1888.
4U
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NA VY {regular)
PAYMASTER JOHN F. TARBELL, U.S.N.
Paymaster John F. Tarbell received his appointment
as acting assistant paymaster, U.S.N., January 28, 1862,
and was immediately ordered to join the U. S. S. " Ken-
sington," then fitting out at the Boston Navy-Yard. In
February sailed for Port Royal, towing the U. S. S.
" Vermont." During a gale had to cut loose from the
" Vermont" in the night, she losing her rudder and being
adrift for some time before arriving at Port Royal. In
May joined Admiral Farragut's squadron off the Passes
of the Mississippi, and went up with the fleet to New
Orleans. Went to Vicksburg with Porter's bomb flotilla ;
was attacked by rebel batteries at Grand Gulf and lost
several men ; was chased down the river by rebel ram
" Arkansas," when she passed our fleet at Vicksburg.
Present at the capture of Sabine Pass, Texas, in which
action he commanded a boat, and was favorably men-
tioned by his commanding officer. Blockading off Gal-
veston and coast of Texas. In 1864 and 1865 was at-
tached to the U. S. S. " Neptune," convoying the California
steamers from New York to Aspinwall. In 1 867 was
attached to U. S. S. " Marblehead," in the West Indies.
Had been commissioned, February 21, 1867, an assistant
paymaster in the regular navy.
On September 16, 1868, was promoted to a passed
assistant paymaster, and in January, 1870, joined the
U. S. S. " Wasp," South Atlantic Station, where he served
three years. From 187310 1876 was paymaster of the
Torpedo Station at Newport. From 1876 to 1879 was
attached to U. S. S. " Gettysburg," on the European Sta-
tion. On April 3, 1879, was promoted to paymaster, and
from 1881 to 1885 was paymaster of the Portsmouth and
Boston Navy- Yards.
From 1885 to 1887 was attached to the U. S. S. "Ju-
niata," on South Pacific Station. From 18S7 to 1890
was paymaster of the Boston Navy-Yard and U. S.
receiving-ship " Wabash." At present time is upon sick-
leave.
Paymaster Tarbell was born at Pepperell, Massachu-
setts, on January 8, 1840 ; and before entering the service
was a clerk in a merchant's office in Boston.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
419
FIRST LIEUTENANT ALEXANDER H. M. TAYLOR,
U.S.A.
First Lieutenant Alexander H. M. Taylor (Nine-
teenth Infantry) entered the military service as a recruit-
ing officer, at New York City, April 22, 1861, and was
mustered in as a private of Company B, Eighty-third
New York Volunteer Infantry (Ninth New York State
Militia), November 30, 1861.
lie was commissioned as second lieutenant of Com-
pany F, President's Life Guard (afterwards Company
A, Fifty-ninth New York Volunteers), August 19, 1861,
but the appointment was revoked on the consolidation
of regiments. lie had recruited some sixty men for
the regiment.
Lieutenant Taylor then enlisted in the regular army,
and was made a sergeant of the general service Septem-
ber 10, 1862, but was honorably discharged, April 30,
1863, on account of having been appointed chief clerk
of the Volunteer Bureau of the War Department. He
remained on this duty until commissioned as second
lieutenant of the Seventeenth U. S. Infantry. He was
promoted first lieutenant of the same regiment Septem-
ber 1, 1867, and, on the consolidation of regiments, was
honorably discharged December 1, 1870.
He re-entered the service as hospital-steward on May
24, 1872, and was appointed a second lieutenant of the
Nineteenth U. S. Infantry October 1, 1873. He was
promoted first lieutenant November 24, 1879, and has
served with his regiment in various parts of the country
up to the present time.
Lieutenant Taylor's duties have been varied and re-
sponsible,— adjutant, quartermaster, and adjutant-gen-
eral of a district, aide-de-camp to the late Major-General
Charles Griffin, and a variety of public demands in the
service, — all of which have given him a valuable experi-
ence, and rendered him an officer capable of meeting ex-
pectations of his superiors, no matter what the exigency
or nature of the duty upon which placed.
Lieutenant Taylor, though born in England, is an
American, his father belonging to the Taylors of Sara-
toga County, New York, of which John W. Taylor was
such a distinguished representative. On his mother's
side he is descended from the Pelham family of Suffolk,
England, one member of which, Herbert, was prominent
as a member of the Massachusetts Company in England
in colonial times.
420
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
MEDICAL DIRECTOR JOHN Y. TAYLOR, U.S.N.
(retired).
Medical Director John Y. Taylor was born Janu-
ary 21, 1829, at East Nottingham, Chester County, Penn-
sylvania, and is a graduate of Jefferson Medical College,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. I Ie entered the United States
naval service, appointed from Delaware, as an assistant
surgeon, September 26, 1853, and was ordered, in De-
cember of that year, to the U. S. S. " Decatur," at Bos-
ton, Massachusetts.
After refitting at Norfolk, Virginia, the " Decatur"
joined the Pacific Squadron via the straits of Magellan.
The ship was nearly three months contending with ad-
verse weather in the straits, and was reported in the
United States as lost.
During this cruise in the Pacific, the Indian war in
Washington Territory broke out, and the" Decatur" was
sent to Puget Sound to co-operate with the small force
of regular troops then in the Territory. In addition to
duty performed on shore with the seamen and marines
belonging to the ship, Assistant Surgeon Taylor served
as a volunteer, with the Fourth U. S. Infantry and Wash-
ington Territory Volunteers, in a winter campaign (1855-
56) through the region occupied by the hostile Klikitats,
Yakimas, and Klalams, and portions of other tribes in
alliance with them. Several indecisive encounters took
place with the hostiles, as at the Lord of the Puyalup
River, Brannan's Prairie, and Seattle, then an insignifi-
cant settlement.
Lie was promoted to passed assistant surgeon, Sep-
tember 26, 1858, while attached to the U. S. S. " Preble,"
school-ship, and later detailed as one of the vessels of
the Paraguayan Expedition,
I [e was promoted to surgeon, August I, [86l, and in
December following ordered as medical officer of the
U. S. S. " ( >neida," fitting out at New York for the West
Gulf Blockading Squadron. The " Oneida" participated
(April, 1862) in the attacks upon and passage of Forts
Jackson and St. Philip, the destruction of the enemy's
flotilla on the lower Mississippi, and the silencing of the
Chalmette batteries, below New Orleans.
After the fall of that city she proceeded with the ad-
vance division of gun-boats to Vicksburg, Mississippi,
and was engaged with the Confederate ram "Arkansas"
(July 15) and the Vicksburg batteries at various times,
running these fortifications twice in company with other
vessels of the fleet.
On the 5th of August, 1864, the " Oneida" was a part
of the naval force which attacked Forts Morgan and
Gaines, and the Confederate vessels " Tennessee," " Mor-
gan," " Gaines," and " Selma," in Mobile Bay. In passing
Fort Morgan, the wooden ships were lashed together in
pairs, and the " Oneida's" position being at the rear of
the line, she suffered severely after the others had ceased
firing. Her casualties in killed and wounded on this
occasion amounted to thirty-eight, out of a complement
of one hundred and ninety-six officers and men, or nearly
twenty per cent. She was struck thirty-two times in
hull and rigging ; the starboard boiler was exploded by
a shell, scalding seventeen men ; many of her guns, in-
cluding the eleven-inch after-pivot, were dismounted or
disabled, and the ship was twice on fire.
Detached from the "Oneida" and returned home in
September, 1864, and having applied for sea-duty, re-
ceived immediately telegraphic orders to the U. S. S.
" Tuscarora," of the South Atlantic Blockading Squad-
ron. This vessel took part in the bombardment of Fort
Fisher, North Carolina, December 25, 1864, and the at-
tack of January 15, [865 ; and at the close of the war
was sent North to be put out of commission, convoying
on the way the steamer " W. P. Clyde," with the ex-
president of the Southern Confederacy, to Fortress Mon-
roe, and carrying as passengers to Fort Warren, Boston
harbor, the ex-vice-president and ex-postmaster-general
of the Southern Confederacy.
The next service was a tour of duty at the United
States Naval Hospital, New York, followed by orders to
the U. S. S. " Kenosha," afterwards named " Plymouth,"
for a cruise of forty-two months in European waters, and
on the coast of v\frica. Promoted to medical inspector,
June 29, 1S82, and subsequently ordered as fleet-surgeon
of the North Atlantic Squadron, flag-ship " Powhatan."
Promoted to medical director April 20, 1879. In charge
of the United States Naval Hospital, Washington, D. C,
May 1, 1879. In charge of United States Naval Hos-
pital, Norfolk, Virginia, June 20, 1883. In charge of
United States Naval Hospital, New York, October 1,
1886. President of Naval Examining Board and Naval
Medical Board, November 26, [889. Retired January
21, 1 891.
WHO SERVED LV THE CIVIL WAR.
421
MAJOR-GENERAL ALFRED H. TERRY, U.S.A.
(retired).
Major-General Alfred H. Terry was born in Hart-
ford, Connecticut, November 10, 1827. He was educa-
ted in the schools of New Haven, and at the Yale Law
School. He began the practice of his profession in
1849, and was clerk of the Superior and Supreme Courts
of Connecticut from 1854 to i860. He was in command
of the Second Regiment of Connecticut militia when
the Civil War began. In response to President Lincoln's
call for three months' troops, he was appointed colonel
of the Second Conn. Vol., and with that regiment was
present at the first battle of Bull Run. At the expiration
of the term of service he returned to Connecticut, organ-
ized the Seventh Connecticut Volunteers, of which he
was appointed colonel, and on September 17 he was
present at the capture of Port Royal, South Carolina, and
also at the siege of Fort Pulaski, of which he was placed
in charge after its capitulation. On April 25, 1862, he
was promoted brigadier-general of volunteers, and he
served at the battle of Pocotaligo, and in the operations
against Charleston. He commanded the demonstration
up Stono River during the descent on Morris Island and
at the action on James Island, and he was assigned by
General O. A. Gillmore to command the troops on Mor-
ris Island, which post he held during the siege of Forts
Wagner and Sumter.
After the reduction of Fort Wagner he was assigned
to the command of the Northern District of the De-
partment of the South, including the islands from which
operations against Charleston had been carried on.
General Terry commanded the First Division of the
Tenth Army Corps, Army of the James, during the Vir-
ginia campaign of 1864, and at times the corps itself. I le
was brevetted major-general of volunteers on August 20,
1864, became permanent commander of the Tenth Corps
in October, and held that place until the corps was
merged in the Twenty-fourth the following December,
when he was assigned to head the First Division of the
new corps. He commanded at the action of Chester
Station, and was engaged at the battle of Drury's
Bluff, the various combats in front of the Bermuda
Hundred lines, the battle of Fussell's Mills, the action
of Deep Bottom, the siege of Petersburg, the actions
at Newmarket Heights on the Newmarket Road, the
Darbytown Road, and the Williamsburg Road. On
January 2, 1865, after the failure of the first attempt to
take Fort Fisher, which commanded the sea approaches
to Wilmington, North Carolina, General Terry was
ordered to renew the attack with a force numbering a
little over eight thousand men. On the 13th he de-
barked his troops about five miles above the fort, and
finding himself confronted by General Robert F. Hoke's
Confederate division, proceeded to throw a line of strong
intrenchments across the peninsula between the sea and
Cape Fear River, facing toward Wilmington, and about
two miles north of the fort. After the landing of the
troops, the co-operating fleet under Admiral David D.
Porter, numbering forty-four vessels, and mounting up-
ward of five hundred guns, opened fire upon the work,
and from 4.30 to 6 p.m., four shots a second, or twenty
thousand in all, were fired. This was the heaviest bom-
bardment of the war. On the 14th the line of intrench-
ment was completed, and General Charles J. Paine's
division of infantry was placed upon it. While this was
in progress, General Terry made a reconnoissance of the
fort, and in view of the difficulty of landing supplies for
his troops and the materials for a siege upon an open,
unprotected beach in midwinter, he determined to carry
the work by assault the next day, and the plan of attack
was arranged the next day with Admiral Porter. At 1 1
a.m. on the 15th, the entire fleet opened fire, silencing
nearly every gun in the fort. Admiral Porter landed
two thousand sailors and marines ; gained the parapet
by hand-to-hand fighting of the most obstinate character,
and by five o'clock nine of the traverses of the fort which
had been constructed were carried, and General Tern-
ordered up reinforcements, consisting of a brigade and
the sailors and marines, taking their places there; by
nine o'clock two more traverses were carried, and one
hour later the occupation of the work was complete, and
the Confederate force surrendered. For this General
Terry was promoted to be brigadier-general in the regu-
lar army and major-general of volunteers, and received
the thanks of Congress. I [e was brevetted major-
general in the regular army on March 13, 1865, for his
services at the capture of Wilmington. He was pro-
moted to the rank of major-general March 3, 1
serving in charge of the Division of the Missouri until
his retirement in April, 1888.
422
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
COMMANDER SILAS WRIGHT TERRY, U.S.N.
Commander Silas Wright Terry was born in Ken-
tucky, December, 1842; entered the Naval Academy,
September, 1858. Ensign September, 1862. Commis-
sioned lieutenant February, 1864. Lieutenant-com-
mander, I uly, 1866. Commissioned commander July,
1877. At the outbreak of the Rebellion, before com-
pleting his academic course, this officer was ordered into
active service. Was in "Dale" ami "Wabash" on At-
lantic coast, and engagements with sharp-shooters in
" Edisto" during boat expedition. Aid to Rear-Admiral
Lee for some time, then attached to " Dacotah," block-
ading Cape Fear River. Thence he went to the flag-
flag-ship "Black Hawk," on the Mississippi. Took part
in the Red River expedition, and at Alexandria, Louisi-
ana, was placed in command of transport " Benefit,"
with fifty men and two howitzers, to carry despatches
and supplies to Porter. We regret that space does not
allow the full recountal of how he fought his way up
the river ; he had his river-captain and three men killed
in reaching Admiral Porter, who handsomely acknowl-
edged this service. Lieutenant Tern- was advanced five
numbers in his grade " for gallant conduct on expedition
up Red River." In May, 1864, he was appointed detail
officer on the staff of Admiral Porter, and served in that
capacity until the close of the war. He was present at
the operations at Forts Fisher and Anderson, and the cap-
ture of Wilmington, as well as at the fall of Richmond,
accompanying President Lincoln and Admiral Porter on
the morning that city was occupied by General Grant's
forces. After the close of the Civil War he made a
cruise in the " Ticonderoga," on the European Station,
and then served at the Naval Academy for two years,
lie was executive officer of the flag-ships "Severn" and
" Worcester ;" and then was attached to the Naval Ob-
servatory for one year, passing to the Naval Academy,
and thence to the inspectorship of the Fifth Light-House
District.
He was next in command of the "Marion," South
Atlantic Station, during which cruise he was ordered to
Heard's Island, latitude 530 20' south, longitude 730
30' cast, to rescue the crew of the bark "Trinity." He
reached the island, after coaling at Cape Town, on Janu-
ary 15, 1882, and rescued thirty-three of the "Trinity's"
crew, who had been there since October, 1880. The men
were on the point of starvation. The " Marion" returned
to Cape Town on February 20, 1882, and Commander
Terry's despatch announcing the rescue was received in
Washington the same day. Commander Terry was at
once requested by Lloyd's agents to assist the English
ship " Poonah," on the beach a few miles off. The Eng-
lish commodore had declined to render assistance, but
the " Marion" was successful in getting the vessel off.
Sir Hercules Robinson, the governor of Cape Colony,
tendered to Commander Terry and his officers and crew
official thanks ; and the British government, on repre-
sentations made by the governor of Cape Colony, wrote
a letter of thanks to Commander Tern', through the
British Minister at Washington and the Department of
State.
From April, 1883, to October, 1884, Commander
Terry was stationed at the League Island Navy- Yard.
From October, 1884, to May 26, 1886, he commanded
the Training Squadron, comprising the " Portsmouth,"
"Jamestown," and "Saratoga." In October, 1885, the
vessels of the squadron were inspected, at Newport,
Rhode Island, by the chief of the Bureau of Equipment
and Recruiting, who addressed an official communication
to Commander Terry, after the inspection, in which he
says, "The zeal and interest shown by the officers, the
skill and knowledge of their duties shown by the appren-
tices, and the excellent condition of the several vessels,
alike reflected the greatest credit on all concerned.''
In October, 1887, Commander Terry was appointed
member of the Naval Examining and Retiring Boards,
where he is at present.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
423
REAR-ADMIRAL HENRY KNOX THATCHER, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Rear-Admiral Henry Knox Thatcher was born
in Maine, at the seat of his grandfather, Major- General
Hqpry Knox, — who was one of the most remarkable men
the Revolutionary War produced, — the organizer of the
artillery of the Continental troops, and the recipient of
the surrender of New York City, by the British, when
the)- took their final departure. His other functions, in-
cluding a service of eleven years as Secretary of War,
are well known to all Americans who read.
His grandson, Henry Knox Thatcher, was appointed
midshipman in March, 1823. He served in the equipment
of the elder Porter's " Mosquito Fleet," and then in the
"United States," frigate, under Commander Isaac Hull.
Passing, in 1S29, he served on board the " Independence,"
74, and as master, in two vessels of the West India Squad-
ron, under Commodore Elliot.
He was made lieutenant in February, 1833. Served
at Boston Navy- Yard, and in a kw months went to the
West Indies again, — in the " Falmouth" and then in the
" Erie." After some shore service at Boston, he went to
the Mediterranean in the " Brandywine," frigate, and re-
turned from that cruise to be stationed in Boston again.
He then, on going to sea again, served, from 1847 to
1853, in the African, the Mediterranean, and the Brazil
Squadron, — in which latter he commanded the " Relief."
In 1854 he was ordered to duty at the Naval Asylum
at Philadelphia, but, being promoted to commander in
February, 1855, he went to the command of the sloop-
of-war "Decatur" in the Pacific. In 1860-61 he was
executive-officer of the Boston Navy- Yard, and in 1862
-63 commanded the " Constellation" on the European
Station.
He was promoted to commodore during this command,
and relieved, in July, 1 863, and ordered home to command
the steam-frigate " Colorado" and a division of the South-
ern blockade. He commanded the First Division of the
squadron in the attacks upon and capture of Fort Fisher
and its dependencies, in December, 1864, and January,
1865. He was, after that, ordered to command the West
Gulf Squadron, as acting rear-admiral, and at once com-
menced active operations for the capture of Mobile, and
the possession of the coast of Texas, in co-operation — in
the former case — with the land-forces under General
Canby. There was a vigorous bombardment at Mobile
of Fort Alexis and of Spanish Fort, after which they
were carried by assault by the army on the night of April
9, 1865, which success left the minor works a compara-
tively easy prey to the forces.
In May, 1866, Commodore Thatcher was relieved from
the command of the Gulf Squadron, and ordered to that
of the North Pacific, in which command he remained
until relieved, in August, [S68.
During his Pacific cruise he had been commissioned
as rear-admiral, to date from July 25, 1866. He was
post-admiral at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, from 1869
to 1 87 1. He died in 188 1.
4^4
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
MAJOR-GENERAL GEORGE H. THOMAS. U.S.A.
(deceased).
Major- General George H. Thomas was born in
Virginia, and graduated from the Military Academy
July i, 1840. He was promoted second lieutenant and
assigned to the Third Artillery. He served in garrison
at Fort Columbus, \. Y., until the Florida War, in which
he participated. He assisted in Major Wade's capture of
seventy Seminole Indians on Nov. 6, 1841, and was " bre-
vetted first lieutenant, Nov. 6, 1841, for gallantry and good
conduct against the Florida Indians."
From 1842 to 1845 he served in garrisons in the South
and Southeast, ami in 1X45 participated in the military oc-
cupation of Texas; and when war was declared with Mexico
he participated in the operations and movements thereof,
being engaged in the defence of Fort Brown, in May,
[846, and the battles of Monterey and Buena Vista.
He was promoted first lieutenant April 30, 1846, and
was brevetted captain, September J3, far gallant conduct
in tile several conflicts at Monterey, Mexico, and major,
February 23, 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct
in the battle of Buena Vista, Mexico.
After the cessation of hostilities with Mexico the Sem-
inole Indians again took the war-path, in which he par-
ticipated. On December 4, 1853, he was promoted
captain, and served in various sections of the country
until the war of the Rebellion ; being during the interim
promoted major, Second Cavalry, May 12, 1855; April
25, 1861, he was promoted lieutenant-colonel, Second
Cavalry; colonel, Second Cavalry, August 3, 1861, and
.hi August 17, 1 86 1, brigadier-general U. S. Volunteers.
From June I to August 26, 1861, he participated in the
operations in the Shenandoah Valley, being engaged in
the various actions and skirmishes in that vicinity; and
until May 30, 1862, he participated in the various move-
ments and operations in the march to Nashville, Ten-
nessee, and Corinth, Mississippi, being engaged in the
actions and combats during the march.
He was appointed major-general, U.S. Volunteers, April
25, 1862, and was in command at Corinth, Mississippi,
from June 5-22, 1862. During the operations in North
Alabama, Tennessee, and Kentucky, from June 26 to
November 7, 1S62, he was with the Army of the Ohio,
and participated in the many skirmishes, actions, and
battles. From November 7, 1862, to October 19, 1863,
he was with Major-General Rosecrans in the Tennessee
campaign, in command of the Fourteenth Army Corps
(Army of the Cumberland), and during the many hotly-
contested encounters, from Nashville to Chattanooga,
in which he participated, he was conspicuous for daring
and gallantry on the field of battle. He was in com-
mand of the Department and Army of the Cumberland
from October 19, 1863, being engaged in opening com-
munications by the Tennessee River and Lookout Val-
ley to November 26, 1S63, participating in the battle of
Missionary Ridge, the pursuit of the enemy, and combat
at Ringgold, Georgia. He was promoted brigadier-gen-
eral, U.S.A., October 22, 1S63.
During the invasion of Georgia, May 2 to September
7, 1X64, he was in command of the Army of the Cum-
berland, composed of the Fourth, Eleventh, and Twen-
tieth Army Corps and three cavalry divisions, and with
this command participated in the demonstrations and
operations, in which were daily skirmishes and actions,
to Atlanta, Georgia, occupying that city after a long
siege. He was engaged in organizing the defences of
Tennessee against the invasion of General Hood's army
during the fall of 1864, and during the hotly-contested
battles in the vicinity of Nashville, Tennessee. He was
promoted major-general, U.S.A., December 15, 1864.
He was in command of the Military Division of Ten-
nessee, embracing the Departments of Kentucky, Ten-
nessee, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi, with head-
quarters at Nashville, from June 27, 1865, to Aug. 13,
1866, and of the Dept. of Tennessee from Aug. 13, 1886,
to March 11, 1867, with head- quarters at Nashville,
Tenn., and Louisville, Ky., when he was assigned to the
Third Military District (Georgia, Florida, and Alabama),
from which he was relieved at his own request, and of
the Dept. of the Cumberland, March 16, 1867.
The Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States, in Congress assembled, resolved, March
3. 1865,—
"That the thanks of Congress are due and are hereby
tendered to Major-General George II. Thomas, and the
officers and soldiers under his command, for their
skill and dauntless courage, by which the rebel army
under General Hood was signally defeated and driven
from the State of Tennessee."
General Thomas died March 28, 1870.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
425
MAJOR AND BREVET BRIGADIER-GENERAL HENRY
GODDARD THOMAS, U.S.A. (retired).
Major and Brevet Brigadier- General Henry
Goddakd Thomas was born April 5, 1837, at Portland,
Maine. He is the son of William Widgery Thomas,
Portland's war-mayor. Descends, on his father's side,
from Isaiah Thomas, publisher of the first Bible in New
England, and William Widgery, judge and member of
Congress from Maine. On his mother's side he descends
from Timothy Pickering, Washington's Postmaster-Gen-
eral, Secretary of War and State, etc. He graduated at
Amherst College, Massachusetts, in 1858, '/' />' A" of that
college; first assistant, Boys' High School, Portland,
Maine, 1858-59; read law from October, 1859, to April,
1861 ; member Cumberland bar. Enlisted April 27, 1861 ;
elected captain of his company (G, Fifth Maine), May 4,
1 861.
First " smelled powder" at first Bull Run. His colonel,
Mark H. Dunnell, since member of Congress from Min-
nesota, in his report of this battle, says of him: "...
Captain Thomas exhibited a coolness and courage not
surpassed by any other on the field." General O. O.
Howard, commander ol brigade, endorses this : " . . .
( >n the day of battle I found you working hard to rally
a broken line." From this and other recommendations,
Captain Thomas was appointed captain, Eleventh U. S.
Infantry, August 5, 1 861.
In December, 1862, he was offered by Governor An-
drew, of Massachusetts, who had the nomination thereto,
the colonelcy of one of the five colored regiments about
to be raised in Louisiana. This he accepted, and was
commissioned early in 1863, being the first regular officer
to accept a colored regiment. In Louisiana he contracted
a malarial fever, which developed, first, into a gastric and
afterwards a typhoid fever. His youth and fine consti-
tution enabled him to take the field again with the
Eleventh Infantry in September, 1863, — serving with
them through the campaign of 1863. In the winter of
1863-64, he was again appointed colonel, this time of
the Nineteenth U. S. Colored Troops. After raising his
regiment in Maryland, he was placed in command of
Camp Birney, Baltimore, the largest post in the depart-
ment. Taking the field (Arm)- of the Potomac) at the
head of three regiments, at the commencement of hos-
tilities in April, 1864, he was assigned to command the
Second Brigade, Fourth Division, Ninth Corps. He took
part in all the battles of his command, from the Wilder-
ness to the taking of Richmond, when he was assigned
to the only separate command, that of Manchester, Vir-
ginia, where he extinguished the fires set by their own
people and saved millions of property ; saved the mills,
operated them, and fed the people. He was transferred
to the Arm}- of the James, Twenty-fifth Corps, about
New-Year's, 1S65, and commanded the First Division
54
of that corps for a short period, as also the corps tem-
porarily in the absence of General Weitzel.
General Thomas was made brigadier-general Dec. 9,
1864, at the age of twenty-seven. In recommending him,
General Burnside says, " His uniform good conduct, par-
ticularly his conspicuous gallantry before Petersburg, July
30, entitle him to the favorable consideration of the de-
partment." General Weitzel, taking leave of him at the
close of the war, says, " His brigade is and always has
been one of the finest in my corps." General B. F.
Butler, recommending him for colonel (regular) at the
close of the war, says, " His record as a gallant soldier
and a true-hearted and attentive officer stands among
the highest on every report of action or inspection."
He was appointed major Forty-first Infantry and
declined it, because his medical advisers held that a
return to the extreme South in his case would bring
death or permanent invalidism. Since the war his ser-
vice has been in the Indian country on our West-
ern frontier, except a detail in Philadelphia during the
Centennial of 1876. He received the brevets of major,
lieutenant-colonel, colonel, and brigadier-general, U.S.A.,
and that of brevet major-general, volunteers. In 1878 he
was transferred into the Pay Corps, U. S. A.
General Thomas has contributed somewhat to cur-
rent literature in newspapers and magazines.
In 1884 he was present at the military maneeuvres in
Sweden and Norway, unaccredited, but as the guest of
the king, and has contributed the military chapter to
the late work on Sweden and the Swedes, by his brother,
W. W. Thomas, Jr., minister to Sweden and Norway.
Also the chapter on the " Colored Troops at Peters-
burg," in the Century War History, entitled "Battles
and Leaders." His health having failed him, he was
retired, July 2, 1891, after a continuous service of over
thirty years.
426
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY regular)
CAPTAIN J. M. THOMPSON, U.S.A.
Captain ]. M. Thompson (Twenty-fourth Infantry) was
born in Lebanon, New Hampshire, August i, 1842. He
enlisted as a private in Company E, Seventh New Hamp-
shire Volunteers, November 7, 1861, and served with this
regiment at Fort Jefferson, Florida, and Beaufort, Smith
Carolina, until appointed second lieutenant, First South
Carolina Volunteers, November 28, [862. He was pro-
moted first lieutenant January 27, 1863, and captain
November 7, 1863. Designation of the regiment was
changed to Thirty-third U. S. Colored Troops February S,
1864. He was present during the siege of Charleston
ami minor operations from June, 1S62, until capture of
the city, in the command known as Department of the
South, and designated as Tenth Army Corps. He was
with expedition up St. Mary's River, Florida, January
and February, 1863 ; in command of detachment inaction
with cavalry at Township, January 26, 1S63 ; in expe-
dition up St. John's River, Florida- for recapture of
Jacksonville, March and April, 1863, participating in the
engagement of Jacksonville, March 29. He was acting
aide-de-camp of Kozlay's Brigade, June, 1864, and re-
lieved to lead his company in the assault on Fort Lamar
(front of Charleston). The First South Carolina Volun-
teers was the first colored regiment ever mustered into
the United States service. Its officers were proclaimed
outlaws and felons by the 1 'resident of the Confederate
States, in General Order No. 60, dated at Richmond
August 21, 1862. (Its first colonel was Thomas Went-
worth Higginson, of Massachusetts.) Commanding com-
pany at engagement on James Island, South Carolina,
July 1 and 2, 1864; commanding company in assault on
Fort Lamar, same dates and place.
After serving as brigade adjutant-general, provost-
marshal, provost-judge, and commanding forces at Abbe-
ville Court-House, and provost-marshal and treasurer of
Charleston, from 1864 to 1866, he was honorably mus-
tered out of service as captain, January 31, 1866.
Captain Thompson then entered the regular service as
second lieutenant, Thirty-eighth Infantry, July 28, 1866,
and was brevctted first lieutenant, March 2, 1867, for
"gallant and meritorious services at James Island, S. C."
He joined his regiment at Jefferson Barracks in Novem-
ber, 1866, and was acting regimental adjutant from De-
cember 15, 1866, to May 4, 1867. He was promoted
first lieutenant November 4, 1867. His regiment being
transferred to Kansas in 1867, he served in various capa-
cities at Forts Hays and Harker, and in the field until
April, 1869, when he left Fort Harker in command of
Company B, Thirty-eighth Infantry, en route to Fort
Richardson, Texas, via Forts Hays, Dodge, Sill, Arbuckle,
and Sherman, Texas, reaching Fort Richardson June 22,
1869, having marched six hundred and eighty-seven
miles. He was transferred to the Twenty-fourth Infantry,
August 23, 18G9, on the consolidation of regiments, and
served at Forts Richardson, Griffin, Clark, and McKavett,
Texas. He was employed in scouting in the vicinity of
San Saba River and Manardsville, after hostile Indians,
in October and November, 1 871 ; on expedition to the
"Staked Plains" against hostile Indians in June, 1872,
and on escort duty from August to October, 1872, return-
ing from which was attacked by Indians in Sept. of that
year, and in Dec. was ordered to Fort Brown, Texas.
Lieutenant Thompson was detailed on general recruit-
ing service from March, 1875, to March, 1877, and was
stationed at Newport Barracks, Kentucky, and Columbus
Barracks, Ohio, and on leave of absence to May 1, 1S77,
when he rejoined his regiment at Ringgold Barracks,
Texas, and was promoted captain December 23, 1878,
which carried him to Fort Mcintosh, Texas, from which
post he was relieved October 2J, 1880, and marched to
Fort Sill, Indian Territory, a distance of eight hundred
and fifteen miles. He was on detached service at Fort
Leavenworth. Kansas, as executive-officer, in connection
with the Department and Division Rifle Contest, in Sep-
tember and October, 1883, and rejoined his company at
Fort Supply, Indian Territory. He was on detached
service in the vicinity of Rodger's Ranche, New Mexico,
hunting, fishing, and taking observations, in August,
[888, and at Fort Wingate, New Mexico, in July and
August, 1889, as chief range-officer, and in command of
competitors in the department rifle competition.
Capt. Thompson was again detailed on general recruit-
ing service from Oct. I, 1889, to Oct. I, 1 89 1, and sta-
tioned at Providence, R. I. He was on leave of absence
to Jan. 2, 1892, when he rejoined his regiment at San
Carlos, Arizona, his present station. Capt. Thompson is
a member of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, of
the New York Society of the Sons of the American Rev-
olution, ami New Hampshire Society of the same order.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
427
COLONEL AND BREVET BRIGADIER-GENERAL JOHN
C. TIDBALL, U.S.A. (retired).
Colonel and Brevet Brigadier-General John C.
Tidball was born in Ohio County, Virginia, but at an
early age emigrated with his parents to Belmont
County, Ohio, from which place he entered the Military
Academy in 1844, graduating in 1848; shortly after-
wards assigned as second lieutenant to Second Artil-
lery. From the summer of 1849 to tne winter of 185 1
he served in Florida, assisting in the suppression of In-
dian hostilities; after that, until the spring of 1853, in
Charleston harbor, South Carolina.
In March, 1853, he was promoted first lieutenant, and
joined his company at Fort Defiance, New Mexico.
Shortly afterwards he was detailed to accompany Cap-
tain (subsequently General) Whipple, of the engineers, in
his exploration for a railroad route to the Pacific through
New Mexico, Arizona, and Southern California, a route
since realized .is the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad.
This duty occupied the winter and spring of 1853-54.
In the following fall he was assigned to Coast Survey
duty at Washington, where he continued until the fall of
1859, when he rejoined his company at Fort Monroe,
Virginia; soon after which he accompanied the troops
sent to Harper's Ferry to suppress John Brown's raid.
The war of the Rebellion having broken out, Lieuten-
ant Tidball accompanied his battery with the expedition
that sailed, in April, 1 861, to the relief of Fort Pickens.
In July the battery returned to Washington, and was at
once hurried to the front to participate in the Manassas
campaign of that year, in which he commanded his bat-
ter}', having been promoted to it as captain.
Soon after the Manassas campaign Captain Tidball
organized his light battery into a horse battery, the first
battery of the kind ever organized on this continent.
With his battery thus equipped, he accompanied the
Army of the Potomac to the Peninsula. He was in the
campaigns of the Army of the Potomac, being engaged
in the siege of Yorktown, battle of Williamsburg, actions
at New Bridge and Mechanicsville ; battles of Gaines'
Mill, Malvern Hill, skirmish of Harrison's Landing, skir-
mish at Boonsborough, battle of Antietam, skirmish at
Shepherdstown and march to Falmouth, Virginia, being
engaged in the skirmishes of Upperville, Markham, and
Amisville, 1862 ; in the campaign of 1863, being engaged
in Stoneman's raid toward Richmond, and battle of
Chancellorsville ; in command of Second Brigade Horse
Artillery, battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania; in the de-
fences of Washington, D. C, August, 1863, to March,
1864; he was appointed colonel, Fourth New York
Volunteer Artillery, August 28, 1863, and was in
command of the artillery of the Second Corps, in
the campaigns of 1864-65, being engaged in the bat-
tles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna,
Tolopotomy, Cold Harbor, and siege of Petersburg. He-
was at the Military Academy as commandant of cadets
and instructor of artillery, infantry, and cavalry tactics,
July 10 to September 22, 1864; in command of the
artillery of the Ninth Corps, being engaged in the siege
of Petersburg, including the repulse of the attack on Fort
Steadman, and assault from Fort Sedgwick upon the
rebel works; pursuit of the rebel army, terminating in
the capitulation of General R. E. Lee at Appomattox
Court-House, April 9, 1865. He was mustered out of
the volunteer service September 30, 1865.
The war having closed, he returned to the command
of his battery at the Presidio of San Francisco. He
was brevetted through the various grades to that of
brigadier-general U. S. Army, and major-general of vol-
unteers. In 1867 he was selected as one of the new
majors of artillery, being appointed as such to his old
regiment, the Second. Served in command of the Dis-
trict of Astoria, Oregon, 1867-68; of District of Kenai,
Alaska, 1868-70; on leave of absence, October 7, 1869,
to March, 1870; in command of District of Alaska,
1870-71 ; of Depot Guard at Yerba Buena Island, Cali-
fornia, November 1, 1 871, to November 1, 1872; and of
post of Raleigh, North Carolina, November 16, 1872, to
April 29, 1874; and as superintendent of artillery instruc-
tion at the U. S. Artillery School, Fort Monroe, Vir-
ginia, to January I, 1881 ; aide-de-camp (colonel) to
General of the Army, January I, 1881, to February 8,
1884; he was promoted lieutenant-colonel, Third Artillery,
June 30, 1882, and transferred to First Artillery, Novem-
ber 10, 1882 ; transferred to Third Artillery, January 25,
1884; and promoted colonel, First Artillery, March 22,
1885 ; he was in command of the U. S. Artillery School
and post of Fort Monroe, Virginia, from November 1,
1883, to January 25, 1889, when, having arrived at the
legal age, he was retired from active service.
42 8
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
COLONEL JOSEPH GREENE TILFORD, U.S.A. (retired).
Colonel Joseph Greene Tilford, son of Colonel
Alexander Tilford, a veteran of the War of 1812, was
born in Georgetown, Kentucky, November 26, 1828.
He graduated at West Point, July 1, 185 1 ; was assigned
to the mounted rifles, and ordered to Carlisle Barracks.
He served there until the fall of 1853, then joined his
regiment in Texas, doing duty against the hostile Co-
manche and Kiowa Indians, until 1856, when his regiment
was ordered to New Mexico to operate against the Nava-
joes and Apaches.
In 1858, with a detachment of his regiment, he ac-
companied Captain Marcy with a supply train to Utah;
entered Salt Lake City with General Albeit S. Johnston's
army, remained in Utah a few weeks, then returned to
New Mexico, where he engaged in active warfare for
three years against the Navajoes and Apaches. The
opening of the Civil War found him at'Fort Fauntleroy,
New Mexico, where he bade good-by to many an old
friend who espoused the Southern cause, and left for Fort
Union, New Mexico. From there he marched with
General Canby's army to Fort Craig, New Mexico, and
there engaged in many skirmishes against the rebel
forces from Texas. He was promoted captain in the
Third Cavalry, July 30, 1861, and commanded his troop
at the battle of Val Verde, February 21, 1S62, for which
lie was brevetted major for gallant service in action.
In May of 1862, whilst commanding an outpost of
General Canby's army (separated by the Rio Grande
from the army), he was attacked by an overwhelming
force oi the rebels. By parleying with them for awhile
he succeeded in getting his small command in such a
position as to enable it to repulse tin- superior force.
From that time on he was engaged in many skirmishes
against the rebels until July, when they were driven from
the country. In August his regiment was ordered to
Fort Leavenworth, from there to St. Louis, where it re-
mained for a few weeks, and was then ordered to Memphis.
It remained there until October, 1863, and was then de-
tailed as part of the body-guard of General Sherman to
Chattanooga, I le was present at the battles of Lookout
Mountain and Missionary Ridge; also engaged in tin-
battle of Cherokee Station and the capture of Tuscum-
bia, Alabama, where he led the advance. He was then
ordered to Huntsville, Alabama, and from there to St.
Louis. The regiment was remounted and recruited at
that place, and then ordered to Little Rock, Arkansas.
At that point it was actively engaged. He then served
on General Reynolds's staff as acting assistant inspector-
general.
In November, 1865, he was detailed on general re-
cruiting service, but after a short tour at Carlisle, Penn-
sylvania, he applied to be relieved from duty and re-
joined his regiment in New Mexico. He was there
assigned to command the post of Fort Selden, where he-
remained until promoted major of the Seventh Cavalry,
November 14, 1867. He joined the Seventh in Kansas,
and was ordered with it to the South in 1869, he being
assigned to command the District of Chester, South
Carolina. From there he was ordered to command the
post of Mount Vernon, Kentucky, then the post of Crab
Orchard Springs, Kentucky. From there he was ordered,
with two troops of the Seventh, to New Orleans. In
1873 was sent with his regiment to the Department of
Dakota, and was assigned to the command of Fort Rice,
garrisoned by four troops of his regiment. In July,
1874, was ordered to report to General Custer, in the
expedition to explore the Black Hills. He commanded
the left wing of General Custer's forces. He returned to
Fort Rice, and from there to the command of Fort Lin-
coln, to which he had been assigned in 1877. In No-
vember, 1S7S, he was ordered, in command of eleven
troops of the Seventh Cavalry and three companies of
infantry, to Nebraska, to intercept the hostile Cheyennes,
who were endeavoring to make their way North. lie
returned to Fort Lincoln, where he remained until 1882,
when he was ordered to Fort Buford.
In September, 1883, he was promoted lieutenant-
colonel of the Seventh Cavalry, and ordered to take
command of the regiment, with head-quarters at Fort
Meade, Dakota. He remained there until June IO, 1888,
when he was ordered to take command of eight troops
of the Seventh across the country, four troops to be left
at Fort Riley, four at Fort Sill, Indian Territory, which
post he commanded until April 11, [889, when he was
promoted colonel of the Ninth Cavalry. He remained
as colonel of the Ninth until July I, 1891, when he was
retired, on his own application, after forty years of ser-
vice.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIV IE WAR.
BREVET BRIGADIER-GENERAL FREDERICK TOWN-
SEND, U.S.A. (resigned).
Brevet Brigadier-General Frederick Townsend
was born in Albany, New York, September 21, 1825.
His parents, Isaiah and Hannah Townsend, were natives
of New York, and both descended from English ancestors
of same name, who came to this country in 1640. He
was graduated at Union College in 1844, and admitted
to the practice of law in 1849. He was appointed, Jan-
uary 1, 1 857, by Governor John A. King, adjutant-general
of the State, and was reappointed by the succeeding
governor, Edward D. Morgan, January 1, 1859, thus
holding the office for four years, until January 1,
1 861.
General Townsend effected noted results in the con-
solidation and reorganization of the militia. At the be-
ginning of the Civil War he promptly tendered his services
to his country; organized immediately the Third Regi-
ment of New York State Volunteers, of which he was
commissioned colonel in May, and which he commanded
at the battle of Big Bethel, June 10, 1861. He was ap-
pointed major of the Eighteenth Infantry (regular army),
August 19, 1861, by President Lincoln, and assigned to
duty in the West. I lis command first joined the army
of General Buell, and then that of General Rosecrans.
He participated in the reconnoissance to Lick Creek,
Mississippi, April 26, 1862. He took- part in the siege of
Corinth, April 30, and in its occupation. On the 6th of
October he was in the advance of the Third Corps, Army
of the Ohio, driving the rear-guard of the enemy from
Springfield to near Texas, Kentucky, and took' part in
the battle of Perryville, or Chaplin Hill, Kentucky, on
the 8th of October. After the first day of the battle of
Stone River, Tennessee, December 31, 1862, to and in-
cluding January 3, 1863, — all of his senior officers of the
regular brigade having been shot, except the commander,
— he was placed by the latter in command of the left wing
of the brigade. He was also in the affair at Eaglcville,
Tennessee, March 2, 1863, with a large force supporting
a foraging party. In May, 1863, he was detailed for
duty at Albany, New York', as acting assistant provost-
marshal-general.
In [867, on his return from Europe, on the expiration
of a leave of absence, being then lieutenant-colonel of
the Ninth U. S. Infantry, he was ordered to California,
and placed by General McDowell on his staff as acting
assistant inspector-general of the department, and in
which capacity he made an inspection of all the govern-
ment posts in Arizona.
He resigned his commission in the army
1868.
For his servives he received, successively, the brevets of
lieutenant-colonel, that of colonel, and that of brigadier-
general, all in the regular army. He is a member of the
Society of the Army of the Cumberland, of the Grand
Army of the Republic, and of the Military Order of the
Loyal Legion.
On the 1st of January, 1880, General Townsend was
again appointed, by Governor A. B. Cornell, adjutant-
general of the State of New York. He held the office
for three years. He again consolidated the National
Guard, made extensive reforms, established a service uni-
form, and organized the "State Camp of Instruction" at
Peekskill-on-the-Hudson, New York. He was nomi-
nated by the Republican State Convention in 1880 for
the office of elector of President and Vice-President;
was elected, and cast his vote for James A. Garfield and
Chester A. Arthur for those offices, respectively.
General Townsend is a director or trustee of the
following-named institutions :
New York State National Bank, Albany, New York.
Albany and Bethlehem Turnpike Company, Albany,
New York.
Union College, Schenectady (since resigned).
Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York.
The Dudley Observatory, Albany, New York.
The Albany Academy, Albany, New York.
The Albany Orphan Asylum, Albany, New York.
43°
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NA VY ikegl'lak)
MAJOR AND BREVET COLONEL ALBERT TRACY,
U.S.A. (retired).
Major and Brevet Colonel Albert Tracy is a
native of Western New York, having been born in the
then village of Buffalo, in the year 1818. Removing in
earlier life to the State of Maine, he was, in February,
1847, appointed therefrom to a first lieutenancy in the
Ninth Infantry, — one of the regiments added to the
regular establishment for service in the Mexican War.
Marching with the Ninth, in July, 1847, from Vera Cruz,
in the command under General fierce, Lieutenant Tracy
saw service in the various encounters with guerillas
along the route to the interior, notably in an affair of
decided severity at Puente Nacional. By the " Official
List of Officers who were engaged in the Battles of
Mexico," published by General Scott (Mexico, February
7, 1848), Lieutenant Tracy stands further accredited as
present in the several battles of Contreras, Churubusco,
Molino del Rey, Chapultepec, and the Garita Belen.
" For gallant and meritorious conduct in the battle of
Chapultepec," Lieutenant Tracy received the brevet of
1 aptain.
With the close of the Mexican War, Captain Tracy
was, with his regiment, disbanded. Upon the increa e
of the army, however, in 1855, this officer was reappointed
to the grade of captain by President Pierce, his former
commander, and assigned to the Tenth Infantry.
In the spiiug of 1857, Captain Tracy was engaged in
an expedition out from Fort Snelling, Minnesota, against
the Sioux, and later on in the same year marched with his
regiment in the expedition against the Mormons in Utah,
the latter an undertaking which, for its privations and
starvations among the snows of the mountains in the
winter of 1857-58, lias scarcely a parallel in the history
of the army. In October, 1858, Captain Tracy com-
manded an expedition to check incursions of the Utes
upon inhabitants of Salt Lake Valley.
Prior to the actual outbreak of the Rebellion, Captain
Tracy, then on leave in the East, proceeded under orders
to Jefferson Barracks, Missouri, whence, moving at night,
he reinforced with some three hundred and fifty men and
officers Captain Lyon, at St. Louis Arsenal, — this post
being virtually in a state of siege, and threatened with
capture by armed organizations of St. Louis City. Fol-
lowing upon his tour with Lyon, and also one of detached
command, guarding magazines near Jefferson Barracks,
Captain Tracy accompanied, as acting chief commissary
of subsistence, the column of General Fremont, in its
autumn campaign to southwest Missouri.
Under appointment by the President, in 1862, as addi-
tional aide-de-camp, with volunteer rank of colonel,
Colonel Tracy took part with General Fremont, as his
acting assistant adjutant-general, in the campaign up
Shenandoah Valley, in pursuit of Jackson, being present
at the battle of Cross-Keys.
Promoted in 1S63 from his captaincy in the Tenth to
be major in the Fifteenth Infantry, and joining at Chat-
tanooga, Colonel Tracy accompanied with his battalion
the demonstration of General Thomas, in February, 1864,
towards Mill-Creek Gap, becoming engaged, in com-
mon with the body of the advance, in a prolonged
and obstinate skirmish with the enemy at Rocky-Face
Ridge.
With the command of his regiment at Lookout Moun-
tain, during the winter of 1864-65, terminated the more
conspicuous service of the subject of this sketch, his
retirement from the active list of the army taking place-
in November, 1865, for disability in the line of duty.
" P"or meritorious services during the campaign of
[862, under General Fremont, in Virginia," Colonel
Tracy received the brevet of lieutenant-colonel. " for
faithful and meritorious services during the war," the
brevet of colonel.
In the interval between his disbandment in 1848 and
his re-entry into service in 1855, Colonel Tracy was
appointed to, and held for the period of nearly three
years, the position of adjutant-general of Maine, — re-
writing, compiling, and procuring to be established,
the initiator}- laws resuscitating the decayed volunteer
system of the State, and affording thus a proportion of
fairly-trained men to meet the exigencies of a broad-
spread civil war.
As a writer, Colonel Tracy has contributed much to
the press, while to his attainment as an artist are due the
pictures of " Molino del Rey" and "Churubusco," painted
in Mexico, at the instance and under the immediate eye
of General Worth, and now in possession of the United
Service Club at Governor's Island. Colonel Tracy resides
at present at Portland, Maine.
WHO SERVED IX THE CIVIL WAR.
43i
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN TRACY
(SECRETARY (il THE NAVY).
Benjamin Franklin Tracy was born in Owego, New-
York, April 2, 1830. His father was a man of marked
integrity and enterprise, a pioneer in the settlement of
the southern tier of counties in that State. His son was
fond of stud\', and was educated at the Owego Academy.
When of the proper age he entered a law-office in his
native town, and was admitted to the bar in May, 1851.
He soon won local distinction, for he was pitted against
men who afterwards became distinguished. In 1853 he
was, as the Whig candidate, elected district attorney for
Tioga County, at that time a Democratic stronghold.
He was re-elected in 1856, beating the Democratic can-
didate, Hon. Gilbert C. Walker, afterwards governor of
Virginia. Although on opposite sides, they were friends,
and soon after this election formed a law partnership.
In 1 86 1 Tracy took an active and prominent part in the
exciting politics of the time, and tilled important offices
in the State Legislature. In the spring of 1862, under
appointment of the governor of New York, he recruited
two regiments of State troops, the One Hundred and
Ninth and the One Hundred and Thirty-seventh, and
became the colonel of the former. This regiment first
went to Baltimore, and then to Washington, D. C, where
it remained on duty until tin- spring of 1864. Then,
with the general advance under Grant, it joined tin1
Ninth Army Corps of tin- Army of the Potomac, and
took part in the battle of the Wilderness. Near the
close of the battle he fell, exhausted by his exertions,
and was carried from the field ; but refused to go to the
hospital, and continued to lead his regiment during the
three days' conflict at Spottsylvania, when he utterly
broke down, and was forced to surrender his command
to the lieutenant-colonel. I le then went North, to recruit
his health, and, in the following September, was made
colonel of the One Hundred and Twenty-seventh U. S.
Colored Troops, and soon after was assigned to the com-
mand of the military post at Elmira, New York, where
was a prison camp and the draft rendezvous for Western
New York. In this camp there were at one time as
main' as ten thousand prisoners.
In March, 1865, Colonel Tracy was brevetted briga-
dier-general of volunteers, for gallant and meritorious
services during the war. On June 13, 1865, he was
honorably discharged, on tendering his resignation.
Colonel Tracy then entered the law-firm of Benedict,
Burr & Benedict, in New York City, and in 1866 was
appointed U. S. district attorney for the Eastern District
of New York, during which time he drew an internal
revenue bill which more than trebled the revenue of the
United States, at the period when our credit was being
established by the rapid payment of the huge war-debt.
In [873 Colonel Tracy resigned his position, and again
entered upon the general practice of his profession, being
engaged in many notable cases.
In December, 1881, he was appointed by the governor
oi New York an associate justice of the State Court of
Appeals, the appointment being to fill a vacancy. This
he held for two years, and then returned to the practice
of the law with Mr. William De Witt, and his son, F.
F". Tracy, their office being established in Brooklyn.
While thus engaged in business he was, on March 5,
[889, appointed by President Harrison, Secretary of the
Navy, ami was confirmed on the same day by the Senate.
I'he Secretary entered very zealously upon the prosecu-
tion of the plans for the rehabilitation and increase of
the naval force, — an object which meets the approval <>l
administration-, of widely different opinions in other
matters.
In April, 1891, he reported that the department was
then engaged in the construction of twenty-five vessels,
in addition to eleven completed and put in service since
the spring of 1889; th.it the Washington gun-foundry
for heavy artillery had been brought to high perfection,
and that a reserve naval militia was in process of forma-
tion, fostered by the department. The principle of Civil
Service Reform has been applied to the administration of
our navy-yards in a most gratifying way during his ser-
vice.
Secretary Tracy is a companion of the Loyal Legion,
and a member of the Grand Army of the Republic.
43^
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NA VY (regular)
REAR-ADMIRAL STEPHEN DECATUR TRENCHARD,
U.S.N, (deceased).
Rear-Admiral Stephen Decatur Trenchakd was
descended from the Trenchard family of Dorset, Eng-
land. His great-grandfather, George Trenchard, was
attorney-general of West Jersey under the Crown, but
he drew his sword in favor of the Colonies. The ad-
miral's father. Captain Edward Trenchard, served in the
war with Tripoli, and was one of the commanders of
Commodore Chauncey's flag-ship " Madison," in the
War of 1812. Admiral Trenchard was born in Brook-
lyn, New York, in 1818. lie received his appointment
as midshipman on October 23, 1 834, having previously
made a cruise as acting midshipman under Commodore
Downes. His first cruise was on board the " Consti-
tution." In 1836 he served in the West Indies and
Florida War. He was promoted to master in 1S42, and
served in the Coast Survey from 1845 to 1846. While
on this duty he was aboard the brig " Washington" when
she was wrecked off the coast of North Carolina. Dur-
ing the Mexican War he was lieutenant on board the
U. S. S. "Saratoga." In 1856, while in command of the
U. S. surveying-steamer " Vixen," he rescued the crew
1 >f the British bark "Adieu," of Gloucester, Massachu-
setts, for which service he received a sword from Queen
Victoria. Admiral Trenchard was flag-lieutenant to
Commodore Tatnall, in the East India Squadron, in
1858, and was wounded when the commodore visited
Sir Admiral Hope, at the battle of the Pei-ho River.
He had just returned from China when the war was
declared. On April 19, 1861, he sailed under sealed
orders from the Navy Department in command of the
"Keystone State," destined for Norfolk, where she ren-
dered much assistance with the tug-boat " Yankee" in
towing out the "Cumberland," and taking the loyal
officers and men of the Norfolk station to Washington.
Lieutenant Trenchard received a letter of thanks from
Secretary Welles for this service. On May 25 following
he assumed command of the " Rhode Island," which
was first used as a special despatch and supply steamer,
but was afterwards converted into a heavily-armed cruiser,
and ordered to the North Atlantic Squadron on Novem-
ber 28, 1862. While taking the " Monitor" from Fort
Monroe that noble vessel foundered off Cape Hatteras.
The " Rhode Island's" boats, notwithstanding the heavy
sea, succeeded in rescuing nearly all the " Monitor's"
crew. On February 12, 1863, Commander Trenchard
received orders to cruise after the " Alabama" and other
privateers. On May of the same year the " Rhode
Island" was attached to Admiral Walkc's squadron, and
a short time to the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron.
In November following she was ordered to the North
Atlantic fleet, and became one of Admiral Porter's squad-
ron before Fort Fisher. The " Rhode Island" was one
of the vessels that assisted in landing General Terry's
siege-guns, and General Abbott sent a letter of thanks
for this service to Commander Trenchard and officers.
In the engagement at Fort Fisher the " Rhode Island's"
guns were trained on Battery Lamb, and shot away the
flag-staff of the mound. After the reduction of Fort
Fisher, Commander Trenchard was ordered, as senior
officer, to command the convoy fleet which protected the
Pacific Mail steamers going through the Southwest Pass.
The " Rhode Island," as a cruiser, captured five blockade-
runners.
After the war Commander Trenchard was on duty at
the Brooklyn Navy- Yard. As captain he commanded
the flag-ship " Lancaster," of the South Atlantic Squad-
ron, 1869-71. Returning to the United States, he re-
ceived his promotion to the grade of commodore, and
served as a member of the Board of Examiners at Wash-
ington. His next duty was in charge of the Light-house
Department, head-quarters at Staten Island. In 1875 he
was promoted to rear-admiral, and, after serving as chair-
man of a special board at San Francisco, he was ordered
to command the North Atlantic Squadron, the historic
" Hartford" being his flag-ship. After serving on a
special board at Washington, he was retired, according
to the I*. S. N. regulations, in July, 1880, having seen
twenty-eight years' sea-service out of forty-five years in
the navy.
Admiral Trenchard was senior vice-commander of the
New York Commander}-, Loyal Legion, 1879-80. He
died in November, 1883.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
433
COMMODORE WILLIAM TALBOT TRUXTUN. U.S.N.
(deceased).
Commodore William Talbot Truxtun was born in
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, March II, 1824; appointed
midshipman from Pennsylvania, February 9, 1841 ; at-
tached to brig " Dolphin" and sloop-of-war " Falmouth,"
Home Squadron, 1841-44; brig " Truxtun," west coast
of Africa, 1844-45 I Naval School, 1846-47. Passed ex-
amination August 10, 1847, and warranted as passed
midshipman, Flag-ship " Brandywine" and brig " Perry,"
Brazil Station, 1847-4S ; returned from Brazil as an act-
ing master on the prize-brig " Independence" (slaver),
captured by the " Perry," off Rio de Janeiro, January,
1848; navy-yard, Norfolk, and steamer "Alleghany,"
1848-49; store-ship "Supply," Pacific Squadron, 1849-
52; special service in the "Dolphin," 1853, when the
bank on which the first transatlantic cable is laid was
discovered, and the first specimens of the bottom brought
up; special duty, 1854, on the Strain Expedition to find
a route for a ship-canal across the Isthmus of Darien.
The complete history of this expedition was never
given to the world by any of those who experienced all
of its vicissitudes. No Arctic Expedition ever went
through more hardship and suffering than these explor-
ers of a tropical wilderness. The survivors always had
a horror of speaking of the incidents of their journey.
The diary is, probably, only a partial record of star-
vation, struggle, and death to many. Truxtun's iron
constitution caused him to be one of the survivors ; but
he never entirely recovered from the strain.
Promoted master September 14, 1855 ; promoted lieu-
tenant September 15, 1855; Coast Survey, 1855-57;
ordnance-ship "Plymouth," 1857-58; brig "Perry,"
Brazil Squadron, 1858-60; sloop "Dale," 1861, as ex-
ecutive ; commanded the " Dale," North Atlantic Block-
ading Squadron, 1862. Promoted lieutenant-commander
July 16, 1862 ; remained attached to the North Atlantic
Blockading Squadron till the close of the war, during
which time commanded the steamers " Alabama," " Cho-
cura," and " Tacony," and took part in the capture of
Plymouth, North Carolina, 1S64, the two attacks and
capture of Fort Fisher, North Carolina, 1864-65, and in
various engagements with batteries along the coast of
North Carolina; superintendent of coal shipments for the
navy at Philadelphia, 1866-67. Promoted commander
July, 25, 1866; commanded " Jamestown," Pacific Squad-
ron, 1868-70; inspector ordnance, navy-yard, Boston,
1871-73. Promoted captain September 25, 1873;
commanding " Brooklyn" (second-rate), North Atlantic
Squadron, 1873-74, and flag-ship, South Atlantic Squad-
ron, 1874-75; member of Board of Inspectors, 1876;
navy-yards, Boston and Norfolk, 1877-81. Commodore,
May II, 1882. Died, February 25, 1887.
55
434
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
MAJOR TULLIUS C. TUPPER, U.S.A.
Major Tullius C. Tupper (Sixth Cavalry) was born
in Strongsville, Ohio, September 23, 1S3S. He is the
son of Charles Tupper, a soldier of the War of 1S12;
grandson of Samuel Tupper, a militiaman at the age of
sixteen in the American Revolution; and a lineal de-
scendant of Thomas Tupper, one of the original propri-
etors in 1637 of the town of Sandwich, Plymouth Colony.
I [e enlisted in the Third (now Sixth) Cavalry in July,
[86] . Upon the organization of Captain D. McM. Gregg's
company, E, he was made first sergeant. At White House
Landing, Virgin ia, he was appointed sergeant-major, which
position he held when appointed second lieutenant, in
[862. He participated in all the battles and affairs in
which his regiment was engaged until January I, 1865,
when he was ordered on recruiting servii e
Major-General Stoneman "particularly" invited the
attention of the commanding general to Lieutenant
Tupper " for driving in and capturing the enemy's pick-
ets, and a staff-officer of General Stuart," during the raid
made in connection with the battle of Chancellorsville.
He commanded the squadron detailed as rear-guard at
Beverly Ford, and which suffered greater loss than any
other squadron of his regiment in that battle. He was
adjutant of his regiment from October, 1863, to Novem-
ber, 1864, when relieved at his own request.
In the Shenandoah Valley, Lieutenant Tupper was
frequently verbally assigned to duties as acting aide-de-
camp. He accompanied various commands upon different
occasions under special instructions from General Sheridan
or his chief of staff, and carried the general's despatches
from the battle-field of Cedar Creek, during the night after
the c li ise 1 if that battle, and delivered them at Martinsburg
at sunrise the next morning. After the war he was bre-
vetted first lieutenant, captain, and major.
Ilr was promoted captain of Troop G, and commanded
that troop while on duty as personal escort to Generals
Hancock and Rousseau, while those officers commanded
the Fifth Military District.
During a scout, in 1870, he successfully repulsed a
night attack by hostile Indians upon his camp, near Little
Wichita, Texas. In 1S74, with twenty men, he overtook
and routed a band of Cheyenncs, who had raided the set-
tlement of Medicine Lodge, Kansas, recovered the stolen
stock', and captured that of the Indians, with their camp
equipment.
In August, 1*74, his troop made the final charge in
an engagement between the forces of General Miles and
confederated bands of hostile Indians, relative to which
General Miles used the following language to the War
Department in recommending a brevet: "For distin-
guished services in successfully leading a cavalry charge
across Red River and up the steep bluffs held by hostile
Indians."
During the summer of 1 876, Captain Tupper was placed
in charge of " scouting operations in Southeastern Ari-
zona." In September, with his troop, other detachments,
and Indian scouts, he overtook and punished Loco's band
of Apaches, led by chief Victorio. The results were the
killing and capture of a portion and the surrender of over
three hundred at Fort Wingate, whence they were subse-
quently returned to San Carlos.
In 1882, Captain Tupper, in command of two troops
and forty-three Indian scouts, by forced night marches,
overtook a large band of Apaches in the Sierra Madre
Mountains, Mexico; the Indian herd was captured, from
seventeen to twenty-five warriors killed, and a large num-
ber wounded. Concerning this affair General Sherman
directed the following telegram, addressed to the depart-
ment commander: "The general of the army desires
Captain Tupper to be congratulated in his name for his
success in an engagement with the Apaches, April 28."
In subsequent orders the following appeared : " The de-
partment commander expresses to Captain T. C. Tupper,
Sixth Cavalry, and the officers and men of his command,
his appreciation of their untiring energy and perseverance
while pursuing the renegade Chiricahuas, and the skill
and gallantry displayed by them in action on the 28th of
April, 1882."
During the Sioux troubles in 1890-91, Major Tupper,
with two troops, guided by the firing, marched to the
relief of Troop K, which had been attacked on the march
and enveloped by a superior force. After the campaign
the members of Troop K, Sixth Cavalry, presented him
an elegant service sabre inscribed: "As a testimonial ol
their appreciation of his gallant action in battle with
Sioux Indians on White River, South Dakota, January
1 , 1 Kg 1."
He was promoted major, Sixth Cavalry, October ig,
1SS7.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
435
KHAR-ADMIRAL THOMAS TURNER. U.S.N.
(deceased).
Rear-Admiral Thomas Turner was a native of Vir-
ginia, and appointed a midshipman in the navy from that
State, April, 1825. He was attached to the frigate "Con-
stellation," and to the sloop-of-war " Warren," of the
Mediterranean Squadron, for several years; coming
home for his examination and being promoted to passed
midshipman, in June, 1831. He then went out to the
Mediterranean again, serving in the frigate " Constella-
tion" and the line-of-battle-ship " Delaware" until 1835.
He was commissioned as lieutenant December 22, 1 S ^ 5 ,
and made a cruise to the East Indies and China, in the
" Columbus," 74. Upon his return, he was upon shore
duty in Philadelphia, which city had become his perma-
nent residence. He served in the sloop-of-war " Albany,"
of the Gulf Squadron, and was actively engaged in the
war with Mexico, being present at the capture of Tuspan
and other operations. After the war he served a term
of duty on board the receiving-ship at Philadelphia.
During 1851-53 he was executive-officer of the frigate
"Congress," the flag-ship of Commodore McKeever, on
the Brazil Station, and, upon his return from that cruise,
was upon ordnance duty for several years. He was
commissioned as commander in September, 1855, and
commanded the sloop-of-war " Saratoga," of the Home
Squadron, during 1859-60.
Commander Turner was in command of that vessel
in the engagement with the " Marquis of Havannah" and
the " General Miramon," two Spanish steamers, in the
harbor of Anton Lezardo, Mexico, capturing them at 1
midnight of March 6, i860.
He received his commission of captain July 16, 1862;
and was commissioned commodore, December 13, 1863,
while in command of the U. S. iron-clad frigate " New
Ironsides." In this very fine fighting-ship he took part
in the attack upon Forts Sumter, Moultrie, and Beaure-
gard, in Charleston harbor, April 7, 1863. Rear-Admiral
Dupont was on board the " New Ironsides," and com-
mended Turner for the judgment and ability with which
he handled his vessel.
In 1864-65 Commodore Tinner was employed upon
special duty in New York; and in iS66-(>7 upon special
duty in Philadelphia. He was afterwards upon ordnance
duty in Philadelphia.
He was commissioned as rear-admiral in May, 1868,
and commanded the South Pacific Station during 1 8'"),
1870, and 1 87 1.
After being for several years on the retired list, he died
in 1883.
Rear-Admiral Turner was well known throughout the
service of his day for his elegant deportment and his
invariably kind and courteous manner; while he was an
excellent and gallant officer.
436
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND XAYY {regular)
COLONEL JOHN J. UPHAM. U.S.A. (retired).
Colonel John J. Upham was born in Delaware July
25, 1837, and graduated from the Military Academy in
the Class of 1859, when he was promoted brevet second
lieutenant of the Ninth Infantry, and second lieutenant
of the Sixth Infantry, December 2, 1859. He was again
promoted first lieutenant, May 4, 1861 ; captain, Sep-
tember 9, 1861, and transferred to the Sixtli Cavalry
December 31, 1870. lie was promoted major of the
Fifth Cavalry, August I, 1874; lieutenant-colonel, Third
( !avalry, October 29, 18S8 ; and colonel, Eighth Cavalry,
January 14. [892.
On the expiration of his graduating leave he was as-
signed to Governor's Island, where he had station until
after his transfer to the Sixth Infantry ; he then proceeded
to California and served at Fort Crook and Benicia Bar-
racks during 1860-61. He served during the war of the
Rebellion in the defences of Washington during the
winter of 1861-62; participated in the Virginia Penin-
sula campaign, and was engaged in the siege of York-
town and the battle of Malvern Hill, and served in the
defences of Washington during the summer of 1862 ;
participated in the Pennsylvania campaign, and was
engaged in the battle of Gettysburg and in pursuit of
the enemy to Warrenton. He was stationed in New
York harbor from August, 1863, to January, 1864, when
med to duty as mustering and disbursing officer, and
served in that capacity until April, 1865, and had stations
at Elmira, Philadelphia, and Detroit. He was brevetted
major, July 2, 1863, for "gallant and meritorious services
in the battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania."
After the war had terminated, Colonel Upham was on
duty in Georgia and South Carolina until June, 1866;
on leave of absence and visited Europe in 1866 ; returned
in April, 1S67, and served in the Carolinas until March,
1869, and had stations at Charleston, Wilmington, and
Florence. He was then ordered to the frontier, and
served at Fort Gibson, Indian Territory ; Fort Smith,
Arkansas, and Crawfordsville and Girard, Kansas, until
January 1, 1871, when he was transferred to the Sixth
Cavalry, and continued to serve in Kansas, Texas, and
the Indian Territory, where he had field service, until
August 13, 1S74. He was at Fort Leavenworth from
January U> April, 1874, as a member of a board of officers
convened to report upon changes, if any, to be made in
horse-equipments, and continued on duty in the Depart-
ment of the Missouri until the regiment arrived at Fort
Lyon, Colorado, and the companies were assigned to
stations. September 7, 1875, he assumed command of
Fort Gibson, Indian Territory, where he served until
June 6, 1876, when he was ordered to field service in the
Department of the Platte ; he joined the head-quarters
of the regiment June 10, and served in the District of the
Black Hills, and with the Big Horn and Yellowstone
Expedition until the following October, and was engaged
in the combat at War Bonnet (Indian Creek 1, Wyoming;
the skirmish at Slim Buttes, Dakota, and commanded the
rear guard (a battalion of the regiment) in the second
skirmish at Slim Buttes on the morning of the 10th of
September, 1876.
He was assigned at the end of the campaign to Fort
D. A. Russell, Wyoming, where he served until Novem-
ber 24, and was then on leave of absence until January
24, 1877, when he was detailed on special duty in the
Indian Department for the purpose of investigating the
management of the Union Agency in the Indian Ter-
ritory, being thus employed until June 26, when he
resumed his leave of absence and again visited Europe.
He returned in June, 1878, and commanded Fort Was-
hakie, in Northwestern Wyoming, from August, [878, to
April, 1880, when he was transferred to Fort Niobrara,
Nebraska, where he exercised the command until June,
1 88 1. On leave of absence till December, 1 881, and then
assigned to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, School of Instruc-
tion as executive-officer.
Heservedat various other stations till 1892, when he was
retired, on his own application, after thirty years' service.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIV If. WAR.
437
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL AND BREVET MAJOR-GEN-
ERAL EMORY UPTON, U.S.A. (deceased).
Lieutenant-Colonel and Brevet Major- General
Emory Upton was born in New York, and graduated
from the Military Academy on May 6, [861. He was
promoted second lieutenant, Fourth Artillery, the same
day, and first lieutenant, Fifth Artillery, May 14, 1861.
He served in drilling volunteers at Washington, D. C,
May 7-27, 1 861 ; as aide-de-camp in the defences of
Washington and during the Manassas campaign, and
was engaged in the action at Blackburn's Ford, Jiily
18, and battle of Bull Run, Virginia, July 21, [861,
where he was wounded. He was on sick-leave, on
ai 1 "lint of wounds, to August 14, 1861, and then served
in the defences of Washington to March 22, 1862, at
which time he participated in the Virginia Peninsula
campaign with the Army of the Potomac, commanding
a battery, and was engaged in the siege of Yorktown,
action at West Point, battle of Gaines' Mill, and Glen-
dale, 1S62. Commanded artillery brigade of the First
Division ol Sixth Corps in the Maryland campaign, and
engaged in the battles of South Mountain and Antietam.
Lieutenant Upton was commissioned colonel of the
1 2 1 st N. Y. Inf., on Oct. 23, [862, and participated in
the Rappahannock campaign, being engaged in the
battle of Fredericksburg and Salem Heights. He par-
tic ipated in the Pennsylvania campaign, and was en-
gaged, after a forced march of thirty-five miles, in the
battle of Gettysburg and the pursuit of the enemy to
Warrenton, in command of a brigade; was in the Rap-
idan campaign, commanding a brigade of the Sixth
Corps, and engaged in the capture of the rebel works
at Rappahannock Station, Nov. 7, 1S63, and was in the
operations at Mine Run, from Nov. 26 to Dec. 3, 1863;
was in the Richmond campaign, in command of a brigade
of the Sixth Corps, and engaged in the battles of the
Wilderness and Spottsylvania, where he was wounded
on May 10, 1864, while commanding the assaulting col-
umn of twelve regiments of the Sixth Corps.
Colonel Upton was commissioned brigadier-general "I
volunteers on May 12, 1864, and was engaged in the
battles and actions of Cold Harbor, June 1-23, [864,
and siege of and battles about Petersburg to July 10,
1864, when he was transferred with his command to
Washington, and participated in the defence of the
national capital, July II-12, [864. He participated in
the Shenandoah campaign, August and Sept. 1864, and
was engaged in the battle of Winchester, Sept. [9,
where he was wounded while commanding the First
Division of the Sixth Corps, which compelled him to
leave the field, and was absent sick until Dec. 13,
1864. He commanded the Fourth Cavalry Division
in General J. II. Wilson's operations in Alabama and
Georgia, from March to May, 1865, and was engaged
in the' actions at Montevallo and Plantersville, and as
saultand capture of Columbus, Georgia, April 16, [865.
I le was then at the Nashville Cavalry Depot, in command
of the First Cavalry Division, District of blast Tennessee,
aiul of the District of Colorado, to April 30, i860, when
he was mustered out of the volunteer service. He was
brevetted major-general of volunteers, Oct.. 19, 1864, for
gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Win-
chester. 1 le was also brevetted in the regular army
for gallant and meritorious services, as follows: Major,
November 8, 1863, at the battle of Rappahannock
Station; lieutenant-colonel, May 10, 1864, at the battle
of Spottsylvania; colonel, Sept. 19, 1864, at the battle of
Winchester; brigadier-general, March 13, 1865, at the
battle and capture of Selma, and major-general, March
13, 1865, in the field dining tin- Rebellion.
lie was promoted captain, Fifth Artillery, February
22, 1865, and appointed lieutenant-colonel of the Twenty-
fifth Infantry, July 28, 1866, but transferred to the Eigh-
teenth Infantry, March 15, [S69. He served, after tin
war, with a board of officers at West Point, New York,
in examining his System of Infantry Tactics, from June
25, 1866, to February 4, 1807, which were adopted for
the army. Sept. 1867, assigned to the command of
Paducah, Kentucky, until November 12, 1867. He was
then in garrison at Memphis, Tennessee, and Atlanta,
Georgia, to May 30, 1870, when he was assigned to
duty at the Military .Academy as commandant of cadets,
which position he retained until June 30, 1875. Was
assigned to the First Artillery, December 15, 1876, and
transferred to the Fourth Artillery, March 20, 1877. He-
was on professional duty in Europe and Asia from July,
[875, to March, 1877. Was at Fort Monroe and Pre-
sidio of San Francisco, California, from April, 1877, to
March, 1881, when he died at the last-named post, aged
forty-two years.
438
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD XAVY (regular)
COLONEL JAMES J. VAN HORN, U.S.A.
Colonel James J. Van Horn (Eighth Infantry) was
born at Mount Gilead, Ohio, February 6, 1835. He was
graduated at the U. S. Military Academy in the Class of
1858, and promoted brevet second lieutenant, First In-
fantry, the same day.
He served in garrison at Fort Columbus, New York,
[858-59; and was promoted second lieutenant. Eighth
Infantry, July 19, 1858. He was then on frontier duty at
Fort Davis, Texas, in 1859-61 ; and also at San Antonio,
where he was made prisoner-of-war, May 8, 1861, and
not exchanged until April 4, 1S62. He was promoted
first lieutenant, Eighth Infantry, May 14, 1 861, and served
during the Rebellion of the seceding States, [861-66.
He was promoted captain, Eighth Infantry, February 19,
[862, and served as aide-de-camp to the provost-marshal-
general of the Army of the Potomac, from June 6, [862,
to July 4, 1863. He participated in the Virginia Penin-
sula and Maryland campaigns, and was engaged at the
battle of South Mountain, September 14, [862, and battle
of Antietam, September 17, 1862.
He was then detailed as mustering and disbursing
officer at Trenton, New Jersey, from July 4, 1863, to
April 27, 1864; when he rejoined the Army of the Poto-
mac and was engaged at the battle of Bethesda Church,
June 3, [864. He was an aide-de-camp to Major-General
W. F. Smith, commanding Eighteenth Army Corps,
from July 3, [864, to November 4. 1865.
He was brevetted major, June 4, 1864, for " gallant and
meritorious services at the battle of Cold Harbor."
At the close of the war he was detailed as recorder of
Tactics Board (Upton's) at West Point, New York, from
June 27, [866, to February 4, [867, after which he joined
his regiment and was in command of the military post
of New Berne, Second Military District, at New Berne,
North Carolina, comprising the counties of Hyde, Beau-
fort, Craven, Carteret, Onslow, Pitt, and Jones, from Feb-
ruary 16, [867, to January 29, [868.
During- the reconstruction of the Southern States, he
served at various posts in North and South Carolina,
from 1867 to August 27, [870. Since July, [872, he has
served almost continuously on the frontier, at posts in
Arizona, New Mexico, Montana, and Wyoming.
He was with the Yellowstone Expeditions of [S72-73;
on escort duty to the Northern Pacific Railroad engineers
in their surveys of the present route of that railroad, and
was promoted major. Thirteenth Infantry, June 7, [879.
Colonel Van Horn received the thanks and commen-
dation of the department commander for his conduct " in
disarming of Mescalero Apache Indians, at their agency
in New Mexico," September 12, 1SS2.
He was promoted lieutenant-colonel, Twenty-fifth In-
fantry, June 28, 1885; and colonel of infantry (Eighth),
April 20, [891, taking station at Fort McKinney, Wyo-
ming, where he is now serving.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
439
COLONF.L AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL STEWART
VAN VLIET. U.S.A. (retired).
Colonel and Brevet Major-General Stewart V \\
Vliet was born in New York and graduated from the
Military Academy Jul_v I, 1840, when he was promoted
second lieutenant Third Artillery. He first served at
Fort Columbus, New York, and participated in the
Florida War, 1840-41, being engaged against the Semi-
nole Indians in several skirmishes. He was detailed at
the Military Academy as assistant professor of mathe-
matics from September 20 to November 15, 1841, when
he again participated in the Florida War of 1841-42.
Afterwards he served at Fort Pike, Louisiana; Fort
Macon, North Carolina; and Savannah, Georgia, to
1843, when he was promoted first lieutenant November
19, 1843. He then was on duty at Fort Moultrie, South
Carolina, and Savannah, Georgia, until 1841., when the
Mexican War occurred, and in which he participated,
being engaged in the battle of Monterey, September 21-
21, 1846, and siege of Vera Cruz, March 9-29, 1847.
He was then appointed quartermaster Third Artillery,
March 28, and served in that capacity until June 4, 1847,
when he was appointed captain, staff-assistant quarter-
master, and was on duty with Missouri Mounted Volun-
teers, building posts on the Oregon route, from 1847-5 ' i
Fort Kearney, Nebraska, 1847-49, ant' fort Laramie,
Dakota, 1849-51. He was ordered to St. Louis, Mis-
souri, and stationed there to 1852, and then transferred
to Fort Brown, Texas, serving at that post and Brazos
Santiago, Texas, until 1855. He participated in the
Sioux Indian expedition from April 3, 1855, to July 17,
1856, and was engaged in the action of Blue Water, Sep-
tember 3, 1855.
Captain Van Vliet was detailed on special service in
Utah, in 1857, and was on duty in New York City in
1857-58, from which point he was transferred to Fort
Leavenworth, Kansas, and served there until the com-
mencement of the war of the Rebellion. He was pro-
moted major, staff- quartermaster, August 20, 1861, for
fourteen years' service as captain, and appointed briga-
dier-general of volunteers September 23, 1861, and
served as chief quartermaster of the Army of the Potomac
from August 20, 1861, to July 10, 1862, participating in
the Virginia Peninsula campaign. He was then ordered
on duty at New York City, furnishing supplies and trans-
portation to the armies in the field until March 31, 1867.
He was brevetted major-general of volunteers, March
13, 1865, for faithful and meritorious services during the
Rebellion, and received the following brevets in the reg-
ular service: lieutenant-colonel, colonel, and brigadier-
general, October 28, 1864, for faithful and meritorious
services during the Rebellion. He was re-commissioned
brigadier-general of volunteers, March 13, 1865, and
brevetted major-general U. S. Army the same date, for
"faithful and distinguished services in the quartermaster's
department during the war."
He was promoted lieutenant-colonel, staff, deputy
quartermaster-general, July 29, 1866, and mustered out
of the volunteer service September 1, 1866. He served
as depot quartermaster at Baltimore from April 18,
1867, to May 13, 1869; was in charge of Schuylkill
Arsenal, Pennsylvania, and chief quartermaster of the
Division of the Atlantic to June 1, 1872, and then on
leave of absence to October 28. 1S72.
General Van Vliet was promoted colonel, staff-assistant
quartermaster-general, June 6, 1872, and was chief quar-
termaster of the Division of the Missouri from October
28, 1872, to July 13, 1875, and of the Philadelphia depot
of quartermaster's stores to November 8, 1875. He was
then detailed as inspector of the Quartermaster's Depart-
ment, with head-quarters at Washington City, to January
22, 1881, when he was retired from active service, being-
oxer sixty-two years of age.
440
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN S. C. VEDDF.R, U.S.A. (retired).
Captain S. C. Vedder was bom in New York, and
appointed from New York as first lieutenant, Sixteenth
New York Volunteer Infantry, April, 1861. He served
in the field with the Army of the Potomac, and was en-
gaged at the first battle of Bull Run, Virginia. He com-
manded company, and was engaged at the action of
West Point, Virginia, battles of Mechanicsville, Gaines'
Mill, Golden's Farm, and Charles City Cross- Roads. I [e
was adjutant of his regiment, and engaged at the second
battle of Bull Run, Virginia, ami was honorably dis-
charged (resigned), September 13, 1862, on account of
sickness.
He was then connected with the Subsistence De-
partment, U. S. Army, Department of Washington,
D. C, part of 1863-64. He commanded a company of
one hundred clerks in Subsistence Department at Alex-
andria, Virginia, during part of 1863-64, the company
doing duty in the defences of Washington, D. C, and
Alexandria, Virginia.
He was appointed a captain and commissary of sub-
sistence, U. S. Volunteers, Jul)-, 1864; in Department of
Washington, D. C, to June, 1865, when he was honor-
ably mustered out, having been brevetted major for meri-
torious services. He was appointed second lieutenant,
Twenty-eighth Infantry, U. S. Army, March 7, 1867, and
brevetted first lieutenant, captain, and major for gallant
and meritorious services at the battles of Gaines' Mills,
Virginia (commission as captain and major not issued).
He was detailed on duty as acting signal officer, under
orders of chief signal officer U. S. Army, doing duty in
Washington, D. C, New Mexico, Arizona, Washington
Territory, and Idaho, from February 20, 1875, to Decem-
ber 1, 1880, when he was promoted first lieutenant, Nine-
teenth Infantry, March 18, 1878. He was regimental
quartermaster from February 24, 1882, to March 31,
1S87, and relieved as regimental quartermaster, March
31, 1887, but remained on duty as acting assistant
quartermaster, and in charge of construction of public
buildings at Fort Clark, Texas, until June 30, 1887, after
which he was on duty as assistant commissary of sub-
sistence, and as officer in charge of construction of pub-
lic buildings at Fort Clark, Texas, from July 1, 18S7,
to August 1, 1888. He was also on duty as officer in
charge of construction of public buildings at San An-
tonio,Texas, from August 10, 18S8, to January 31, 1889,
when he was detailed as recruiting officer at Washing-
ton, D. C, from February 7, 1889, to October 24, 1889,
being then granted leave of absence (surgeon's certifi-
cate of disability), to February 20, 1891, at which time-
he was retired on account of disability in line of duty,
with rank as captain.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
44i
COMMANDER JONATHAN M. WAINWRIGHT. U.S.N.
(deceased).
Commander Jonathan Mavhew Wainwright was
born in the city of New York in July, 1821, and was
killed in battle at Galveston Bay on January 1, 1863. He
was a son of the well-known prelate of the same name,
so long the Protestant Episcopal Bishop of New
York.
Commander Wainwright entered the navy as a mid-
shipman in June, 1837, and performed the usual sea-duty
of his grade until, in 1842, he was ordered to the Naval
School, then at Philadelphia. He became a passed mid-
shipman in 1843, in 1849 an acting master, and was com-
missioned as lieutenant in September, 1850. His service
in the " Lexington," " San Jacinto," " Saratoga," " Dol-
phin," and other vessels did not differ from that of
most junior lieutenants. Never very robust, he managed
always to do his duty well, and was a great favorite with
his messmates and shipmates on account of his pleasant
manners and officer- like conduct. The outbreak of the
Civil War found him engaged in special duty at Washing-
ton. He was ordered to the command of the " Harriet
Lane," the well-known revenue-steamer which had been
transferred to the navy. She became the flag-ship of
Commander (afterwards Admiral) Porter, of the Mortar
Flotilla, during the operations against the forts below
New Orleans, and the capture of that city and the
mouths of the Mississippi. He also, in the same vessel,
took part in the first operations against Vicksburg. In
October, 1862, the" Harriet Lane" took part in the cap-
ture of Galveston, as a part of Commander Renshaw's
little squadron. Their tenure was not long, for on New
Year's Day, 1863, the small squadron, some of which
were ashore at low tide, was attacked by a Confederate
force, which soon resumed control of the town and the
bay. General Magruder had, for the water attack, fitted
out three steamers with cotton-bale defences, and placed
on board as many riflemen as could find room to act.
They came down the bay at four a.m., and, as the " Harriet
Lane" was the highest up, she was first attacked. Boarded
by these vessels, swarming with sharp-shooters, the decks
were swept by a shower of balls. Wainwright fell almost
immediately, at the head of his men, endeavoring to
repel boarders. The executive-officer, Lea, was mortally I
wounded, and the next officer severely so. Half of thi ise j
on deck were shot down, and in ten minutes the vessel
was in the enemy's possession. A curious incident of the
fight was, that young Lea's father was an officer on the
Confederate side, and found his son in a dying condition
after possession was taken.
To complete the tragedy, Commander Renshaw, of the
" Westfield," and the senior officer present, was summoned
to surrender under favorable conditions, which he might
have done, as his vessel was unmanageable from the state
of water at that time. This he refused, sending most of
his crew on board an army transport which was afloat,
and remaining, with a few people, to destroy the " West-
field." Unfortunately the flames spread so fast that she
blew up just as they got into the boat, and Renshaw, his
first lieutenant, Zimmerman, Chief Engineer Green, and
about a dozen men, lost their lives.
Commander Wainwright had a son, also named Jona-
than Mayhew, who was appointed a midshipman the year
his father was killed, and who graduated from the Naval
Academy in 1867. This young officer also lost his life
by rifle-shot only three years after graduation. He had
attained the rank of master, and was attached to the
Pacific Squadron. In command of a boat expedition
against the piratical steamer " Forward," in the lagoon at
San Bias, he was shot in leading the boarders at her cap-
ture, and died the next day. The attack was successful,
and the vessel was captured and burnt.
56
442
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
REAR-ADMIRAL HENRY WALKE, U.S.N.
(retired).
Rear-Admiral Henry Walke's services have been
so main' and so various, that limited space will compel
the passing over many of them. Born in Virginia, 1808,
he was appointed midshipman from Ohio, February 1,
1827. During his service in this grade he passed
through a frightful hurricane in the " Natchez," and in
another in the "Ontario," where, with the vessel almost
on her beam-ends, Midshipman Walke and seven or
eight men struggled aloft, failed the main-topsail, and,
no doubt, saved the ship. In 1833 he was promoted
to passed midshipman, continuing to serve on all sta-
tions. Present at the surrender of Vera Cruz, Tabasco,
Tuspan, and Alvarado. After other foreign service,
promoted commander, September 14, 1855, and com-
manded the " Supply" on the coast of Africa and the
West Indies.
When the Civil War broke out Walke was in Florida,
and secured Fort Pickens from capture, which important
service had far-reaching results, and resulted in the re-
capture of Pensacola, Forts Barrancas and McCrea, and
the navy-yard. Although censured by the Secretary
of the Navy for neglect of orders on this occasion, he
was upheld in his course by the Board of Rear-Admirals,
who reported that his course had a marked and impor-
tant bearing on the success of our arms.
On November 7, 1 861, Walke commanded the gun-
boat "Taylor," of the Mississippi Flotilla, at the first
battle of General Grant during the Civil War, protecting
his rear at Belmont, and preventing the Confederates
from cutting off a portion of our troops on their retreat
to the transports, for which he was highly commended
in the general's report. lie then commanded the
" Carondelet," partially iron-clad, of thirteen guns, at the
battle of Fort Henry, under Flag-Officer Foote, for which
he and his officers received the thanks of the Secretary
of the Navy and of the State of Ohio. Commanded the
" Carondelet" at three days' battle of Fort Donelson,
being thrice as long under fire as any other gun-boat,
and losing more, in officers and men, than all the rest of
the flotilla. In the " Carondelet" at the bombardment of
Island No. 10, and voluntarily ran the gauntlet of the
enemy's batteries with the " Carondelet" alone, a re-
markable feat, and the first time it had been attempted.
It ultimately resulted in the capture of the island and its
batteries, and the achievement broke the enemy's line of
fortifications which blockaded the great river, producing
far-reaching results. The Secretary wrote in glowing
words of the " daring and heroic act, well executed, and
deserving special recognition." In May, [862, at the
river battle at Fort Pillow, Commander Walke again
distinguished himself very greatly in the " Carondelet."
At Memphis his vessel was second in line of battle, at
the time of the destruction or capture of the rebel
flotilla, and the capture of Memphis, with the navy-yard
and public stores. The "Carondelet" was one of the
gun-boats engaged with the formidable and famous Con-
federate ram " Arkansas."
Walke was commissioned a captain on Jul}- 16, 1862,
and commanded the ram " Lafayette," when Porter's
flotilla passed the batteries at Vicksburg, April 16, 1863.
At Grand Gulf, a fortnight later, the " Lafayette" again
bore a distinguished part, being longer under severefire for
man_\- consecutive hours, but having very few wounded
herself, although as frequently struck by shot and shell
as the rest. " It is worthy of record that his officers and
crew were always required 'to remember to keep holy
the Sabbath day,' " according to our naval regulations.
Captain Walke's next service was in dispersing the Con-
federate camps at Simsport, Louisiana, and in blockading
the mouth of the Red River.
On Jul_\' 24, 1863, after a long ami arduous service on
the Western rivers, he was ordered Fast to command
the " Fort Jackson," but was soon transferred to the
steam sloop-of-war "Sacramento," which he commanded
on special service in search of the " Alabama." He was
close upon her track when that notorious \csscl was
sunk by the " Kearsarge," off Cherbourg.
The " Sacramento" blockaded the Confederate steamer
"Rappahannock" at Calais, France, until the end of the
war, and " intercepted her when she escaped into British
waters under British colors."
Captain Walke was commissioned as commodore on
July 25, 1866, and, after commanding the naval station
at Mound City for eighteen months, was promoted to
be rear-admiral June 13, 1870.
He retired voluntarily, under the provisions of the
law, in April, 1 87 1 .
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
443
COMMODORE JOHN GRIMES WALKER, U.S.N.
Commodore John Grimes Walker was born in New
Hampshire, on March 20, 1835, of Scotch-Irish parentage.
One of his ancestors was a defender of Londonderry at
its famous siege, and his great-grandfather was a lieuten-
ant in the Continental army. Having upon the death
of his mother gone to Iowa, to his uncle, Governor
Grimes, he was appointed a midshipman from that State
in October, 1850, when he served, for a long cruise, on
board the " Portsmouth," in the Pacific. After a course
at the Naval Academy, he became a passed midshipman
in 1856, and served in the "Falmouth" and the "St.
Lawrence," of the Brazil Squadron. Made lieutenant
in 1858. Attached to the steamer " Connecticut" at the
breaking out of the Civil War, but was transferred to
the gun-boat " Winona," in which vessel he took part
in the passage of Forts Jackson- and St. Philip, and the
capture of New Orleans; and, later, in the operations
before Vicksburg. Commissioned lieutenant-commander
in Jul)-, 1862. Commanded the iron-clad steamer " Ban >n
de Kalb," of the Mississippi Squadron, and in her took
part in the operations about Vicksburg, the attacks upon
Haines's Bluff, and the capture of Arkansas Post. The
" De Kalb" formed part of the Yazoo Pass expedition
in the endeavor to get into the rear of the defences of
Vicksburg. Later, the " De Kalb" reached Haines's
Bluff, which was found with the works evacuated. They
were occupied and destroyed. Then the " De Kalb,"
with three gun-boats, was sent to dislodge the Confed-
erates engaged in fortifying Yazoo City as a depot of
military supplies for the Confederates. General Herron,
with five thousand troops, co-operated with the naval
force. By a combined attack the enemy was driven off,
leaving everything (but four steamers, which were de-
stroyed) in the hands of the Union forces. One gun-
boat was captured by the navy. During the attack the
" De Kalb" was blown up by a torpedo. Lieutenant-
Commander Walker afterwards commanded the naval
battery of the Fifteenth Arm)- Corps at the siege of
Vicksburg.
When Admiral Porter was transferred to the Atlantic
coast betook several of his officers with him, and among
them Walker, who was ordered to command the " Saco,"
and later the " Shawmut." In the latter vessel he partici-
pated in the capture of Wilmington, North Carolina.
After the cessation of hostilities he was ordered to
the command of the " Shawmut," on the Brazil Station.
In the "Naval Register" for January, 1866, Lieutenant-
Commander Walker Stood X'>. S4 «m the list of that
grade. In August of that year he appeared on the list
of commanders as No. 89, having been advanced, by the
recommendation of the Board on Promotion, for merito-
rious services during the Civil War.
In 1S66, Commander Walker was chief of staff to
Admiral Porter at the Naval Academy, and served there
with much ability up to 1869. He was then selected to
command the frigate " Sabine," on a special cruise for the
instruction of the graduated midshipmen from the Naval
Academy. In 1S71 he became light-house inspector,
and in 1873 secretary of the Light-House Board, which
he held until 1878, showing great administrative ability.
While on this duty he was commissioned as captain.
During a leave of absence, in 1879-81, he was engaged
in duty connected with the Chicago, Burlington, and
Quincy Railroad, which gave him a good insight into
the business methods of railroad corporations.
In March, 1 88 1, he was ordered to the command of
the steam-frigate " Powhatan," and in October of the
same year became chief of the Bureau of Navigation,
which position he held until the fall of 1889, when he
resigned to command the " Squadron of Evolution," with
his flae, as an acting rear-admiral, on board the " Chi-
cago." He was promoted to the grade of commodore
February 12, 1889.
To the energy and firmness of purpose of this officer,
and to his enlightened ideas, are due much of the im-
provement which has taken place in the personnel and
materiel of the navy.
444
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN G. S. LUTTRELL WARD, U.S.A. (retired).
Captain G. S. Luttrell Ward was born in Phila-
delphia, Pennsylvania, educated for the bar, and admitted
to practice January 17, 1863. He was commissioned as
second lieutenant. Third Pennsylvania Cavalry, May
17, 1863, and served with his regiment in the First
Brigade, Second Cavalry Division, Army of the Potomac.
in the battle of Brandy Station, Virginia, June 9, 1863 ;
as acting aide-de-camp on the stall' of Colonel Taylor,
in action of Aldie, June 21, 1863 ; as acting aide-de-camp
on the staff of General J. B. Mcintosh, in the battle of
Gettysburg, July 2-3, [863, and action of Shepherds-
town, July 16, 1863. He returned to duty with his
regiment and with it in the action of Culpeper Court-
House, September 13, 1863; in battles of Occoquan,
(detached with regiment in General Buford's first cavalry
division), October 15, 1863, and New Hope Church
(Mine Run), November 27, 1863; and action of Parker's
Store, November 29, 1863. In February, 1864, his regi-
ment was assigned to duty at the head-quarters of the
Army of the Potomac, and engaged in the battles of the
Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Cold Harbor,
and siege of Petersburg, from June 16, 1864.
He was promoted first lieutenant and mustered in
October 3, 1864, and engaged in the battle of Boydton
Plank-Road, October 7, 1864; again promoted captain,
mustered in October 31, 1S64, and engaged in battle of
Hatcher's Run, Virginia, December 9, 1864, when he
was severely wounded ^nd absent on one month's sick-
leave, at the expiration of which was on court-martial
duty at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, until after Lee's sur-
render, when he joined his regiment at Burkesville Junc-
tion, Virginia, and served there and at Richmond until
his regiment was consolidated with the Fifth Pennsyl-
vania Cavalry, June 7, 1865, when he was mustered out.
lie was appointed second lieutenant, Thirteenth U. S.
Infantry, May II, 1866, and ordered to Newport Bar-
racks, Kentucky, from which post he conducted a de-
tachment of recruits to Nashville, Tennessee, and was
assigned to Company H, Third Battalion, Thirteenth
Infantry, September 13, 1866, and transferred to the
Thirty-first Infantry September 21, 1866. He was in
command of a battalion, en route to the site of Fort
Stevenson, Dakota, June and July, 1867, where he was
adjutant and acting assistant adjutant-general of the
Middle District of Dakota to August 7, 1867. With his
company he participated in the construction of Fort
Stevens, 1867-68, and was engaged with Sioux Indians
opposite that place in October, 1867.
Captain Ward was on leave of absence to August 22,
1868, at which time he was appointed aide-de-camp to
Major-General Hancock, from which duty he was re-
lieved at his own request, to be present with his regi-
ment when it was consolidated with the Twenty-second
Infantry. He therefore rejoined at Fort Stevens in
April, 1869, and served there until May 27, 1S69, when
ordered to Fort Sully, Dakota, where he served, after
two months' leave of absence, until June 12, 1870, when
lie was assigned to duty at the head-quarters, Department
of Dakota, as acting ordnance officer, acting chief sig-
nal officer, and acting assistant quartermaster, to Febru-
ary 7, 1 87 1. He was on temporary duty at Fort Snell-
ing, Minnesota, to April, 1871, and then rejoined his
company at Fort Randall, Dakota, and was in command
of a detachment at ( )ld Ponca Agency, Dakota, protect-
ing settlers on the Niobrara River, to June 28, 1871.
He was at Fort Randall to September, 1871 ; on Yellow-
stone Expedition, commanded by Major J. N. G. Whist-
ler, September and October, 1871,3s escort to survey-
ors of the Northern Pacific Railroad. He was then ap-
pointed aide-de-camp to Major-General Hancock, No-
vember 1, 1871, and served in that capacity to October,
1885, in the meantime having been promoted first lieu-
tenant, July 1, 1872, and captain, April 24, 1 883. He-
was on four months' sick-leave from January 15, 1880,
and four months from December 22, 18S0. He was on
duty at Fort Lyon, Col., from Oct. 25, 1885, to Feb. 12,
1886 ; on special duty at New York City to May, at Fort
Lyon to July, and on sick-leave to August, 1887; again
on sick-leave from October, 1887, to April, 1888; then
served at Fort Crawford, Col., Fort Lyon, Col., and
Fort Keogh, Montana, to March 13, 18S9 ; then on sick-
leave to April 18, 1891, when he was retired on account
of disability incident to the service.
Captain Ward was brevetted first lieutenant for the
battle of Hatcher's Run, and captain for gallant and
meritorious services in the campaign terminating in
Lee's surrender, for which no commissions were issued
in consequence of an Act of Congress, March I, 1869,
abrogating brevets.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
44;
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL AND BREVET MAJOR-GEN-
ERAL GOUVERNEUR K. WARREN, U.S.A.
(deceased).
Lieutenant-Colonel and Brevet Major-General
Gouverneur K. Warren was bom in New York, and
graduated from the Military Academy July 1, 1850. He
was promoted brevet second lieutenant Topographical
Engineers the same day; second lieutenant September 1,
1854, and first lieutenant July 1, 1856. He served on
topographical and hydrographical survey of the delta of
the Mississippi ; on board for the improvement of the
canal around the falls of the Ohio ; on surveys for the
improvement of Rock Island and Des Moines rapids,
Mississippi River; compiling general map and reports of
Pacific Railroad explorations ; on Sioux Expedition of
1855, and engaged in the action of Blue Water ; prepar-
ing maps of Dakota and Nebraska, and at the Military
Academy as assistant anil principal assistant professor of
mathematics, to April 27, 1861.
He was appointed lieutenant-colonel of the Fifth New-
York Infantry (Zouaves) May 14, 1861, and colonel of
the same August 3 1, 1861. He served in the Department
ot Virginia from May to July, and was engaged in the
action at Big Bethel, Virginia, June io, 1861. He was
then in the defences of Baltimore, and constructing fort
on Federal Hill to March, 1862, being temporarily de-
tached on an expedition to Northampton and Accomac
Counties, Virginia, in November anil December, 1861.
He then participated with his regiment in all the cam-
paigns of the Army of the Potomac until May 1, 1865,
and was engaged in the siege of Yorktown, skirmish
on Pamunkey River, capture of Hanover Court-House,
battle of Gaines' Mill (wounded), Malvern Hill, and
skirmish at Harrison's Landing; battle of second Bull
Run, skirmish near Centreville, battle of Antietam, and
skirmish with the enemy's rear-guard on the Potomac.
He was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers Sep-
tember 26, 1862, and was engaged with his brigade in the
march to Falmouth anil the battle of Fredericksburg.
On the 4th of February, 1863, he was chief topographical
engineer of the Army of the Potomac, and was engaged
in action on Orange Pike, storming of Marye Heights,
and battle of Salem. He was appointed major-general
of volunteers May 3, 1863, and was engaged in the battle
of Gettysburg (wounded). Then he was employed in
the construction of bridges and making reconnoissances
while pursuing the enemy from that place. He was in
temporal-)' command of the Second Army Corps from
August 12, 1863, to March 24, 1864, and participated in
the movement to Culpeper and the Rapidan, and engaged
in the combat at Auburn and Bristoe Station, skirmish at
Bull Run and Kelly's Ford, operations of Mine Run, and
demonstration upon the enemy across Morton's Ford,
until February 6, 1S64, when he was placed in command
of the Fifth Army Corps, with which he was engaged in
the battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna,
Tolopotomy Creek, Bethesda Chinch, Cold Harbor,
White Oak Swamp, assaults on Petersburg, siege of
Petersburg, Mine Explosion, actions for the occupation of
the Weldon Railroad, combat of Peeble's Farm, Chapel
House, skirmish near Hatcher's Run, destruction of
Weldon Railroad to Meherrin River, combat near Dab-
ney's Mill, movement to White ( )ak Ridge, and battle of
l'i\ e Porks, Virginia, April I, 1865, and then in command
of the defences of Petersburg to May I, 1865.
General Warren resigned his volunteer commission
May 27, 1865, and was brevetted, for " gallant and meri-
torious services," lieutenant-colonel, June 27, 1862, at
the battle of Gaines' Mill ; colonel, July 4, 1863, at the
battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania ; brigadier-general,
March 13, 1865, at the battle of Bristoe Station; and
major-general, March 13, 1865, in the field during the
Rebellion.
General Warren's career had been a remarkable one,
and he rose gradually in rank and trusted position until
relieved of his command by General Sheridan, just after
the battle of Five Forks, regarding which General Abbot,
in the summary of his case as established by testimony
before a court of inquiry, says :
" This charge had put an end to all resistance. Sur-
rounded by his captures and flushed with victory, Warren
sent back a staff officer to report to General Sheridan,
and asked for further orders. These orders came in
writing. The)- relieved him from the command of his
corps, and ordered him to report to General Grant."
General Warren was promoted lieutenant-colonel of
engineers, March 4, 1S79, and served from the time the
war closed until his death upon man)- important duties
connected with the Corps of Engineers. He died August
2, 18S2, at Newport, Rhode Island, aged fifty-two.
44r>
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
CAPTAIN J. CRITTENDEN WATSON. U.S.N.
Captain J. Crittenden Watson is a native of Ken-
tuck)-, and bom August 24, 1842. He was appointed a
midshipman from that State, September 29, 1856, being
then just fourteen years old. He remained at the Naval
Academy until his graduation, in i860. In those days
Kentuckians were much divided in their allegiance, but
young Watson remained true to his flag. He was pro-
moted to the grade of master in 1861, while serving in
the frigate " Sabine." From the " Sabine" he was or-
dered to the " Hartford," Farragut's flag-ship, and in her
he served for over two years, being commissioned as
lieutenant in July, 1862, when not twenty years of age.
lie was at the bombardment and passage of Forts
Jackson and St. Philip, and of the Chalmette batteries;
at the passage of the Vicksburg batteries, June and July,
1S62; passage of Grand Gulf, March 19 and 30, 1863;
passage of Port Hudson. Was present at the battle of
Mobile Bay, August 5, 1864, and was wounded by a
fragment of a shell from a rebel battery at Warrington.
During the years 1865-67 he was attached to the
steam-frigate " Colorado," the flag-ship of the luiropean
Squadron.
Commissioned as lieutenant-commander on Jul)- 25,
1866, and continued to serve in the European Squadron
until [869, — being in the "Franklin," Farragut's flag-
ship, and then in the steam-sloop " Canandaigua."
The year 1870 he passed upon special duty in Phila-
delphia. In 1 87 1 he went to the Asiatic Station in the
"Alaska," second rate, and during the years 1872-73
commanded the store-ship " Omaha," at Yokohama.
During the year 1874 he was on ordnance duty at
New York.
He received his commission as commander in the navy
in January, 1874, and was stationed at the Mare Island
Navy-Yard, 1875-77.
In 1877 he was ordered to command the " Wyoming,"
on the European Station, where he remained three years.
Upon his return he was appointed light-house inspec-
tor, which position he occupied from 1880 to 1886.
He was promoted to captain in March, 1887, and spent
the succeeding three years upon special duty in San
Francisco, California. His last duty was that of captain
of the yard at Marc Island.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
447
MAJOR WILLIAM GEORGE WEDEMEYER, U.S.A.
(retired).
Major William George Wedemeyer was born in Ilil-
perdingen, Kingdom of Hanover, February 15, 1836.
In 1850 his parents came to this country, and settled
near Watertown, Wisconsin. He studied surveying and
engineering, practising that profession until 1861. He
studied law during the latter year, and was admitted to
the bar. I le took an active part in the Presidential cam-
paign of i860. In June, 1861, he, with others, began to
raise a company. He had no experience as a soldier, but
knew a little drill, and had some notions of discipline.
These, however, were totally at variance with the incli-
nations of his associates. Believing that an organiza-
tion of men ignorant of soldiers' duties, commanded by
persons of no more knowledge of them than the privates,
and owing or expecting their rank to the votes of their
subordinates, would be a very unsatisfactory place to
serve, he abandoned the squad he had raised, leaving it to
join another company. In the mean while he had become
acquainted with Lieutenant P. T. Keyes, Sixteenth U. S.
Infantry, then on recruiting service at Watertown. 1 [e
learned much from him, and, although not encouraged
to do so, concluded to enter the regular army, and en-
listed in that regiment on November 16, 1861 ; and on
December 1 was sent to its recruiting depot at Columbus,
Ohio. He was at once appointed a sergeant, and ordered
to duty as acting sergeant-major. The duties were oner-
ous, particularly to one ignorant of them, and with little
help and instruction.
On December 25 Major Sidney Coolidge, command-
ing Sixteenth Infantry, recommended him for the ap-
pointment of second lieutenant. It was a great surprise,
as he had so high an opinion of the necessary quali-
fications for an officer of the regular army.
In March, 1862, Lieutenant Dykeman, the regimental
adjutant, was promoted; he organized his company, H,
First Battalion, and took Lieutenant Wedemeyer with
him. In May, [862, the company went to the field, via
the Ohio and Tennessee Rivers. His first picket-duty
was on the Tennessee River bank, the steamer tied up
for the night. Quiet it was, but the major will always
remember it. He joined the battalion in the Fourth
Brigade, Second Division, just before the evacuation of
Corinth. Then followed the march to Stevenson, Ala-
bama, the retreat to Nashville, where, on September 7,
1862, he received his appointment as second lieutenant
in the Sixteenth U. S. Infantry. Then came the tiresome
march to Louisville, the advance to Perryville, where the
regiment arrived after the battle, it having in the mean
time a lively brush with Kirby Smith's forces at Dog-
walk, south of Lawrenceburg, Kentucky. After many
delays and countermarchings, the regiment again found
itself in Nashville. The battle of Stone River followed. At
Murfreesbo rough, in April, 1863, Lieutenant Wedemeyer
was detailed to command the provost-guard of the First
Division, Fourteenth Army Corps. He remained in that
charge during the campaign on Tullahoma and Chatta-
nooga, acting as topographical engineer on the latter, in
addition to his regular duties.
At the battle of Chickamauga he had charge of a large
number of prisoners, which he had considerable difficulty
in getting from the field and to Chattanooga. On Octo-
ber 1 he was assigned to duty as assistant commissary
of musters of the department. After the fall of Atlanta
he was sent to the Cavalry Division of Sherman's army
in the same capacity. He left Chattanooga on the last
train going south, and only got to Ackworth, when
Hood struck the road, sending him back to Allatoona,
where he witnessed the fight for the hard-bread stored
there. He joined General Kilpatrick and made with
him the memorable campaign through the South. The
march through Georgia was pleasant, with sufficient
excitement in the fights with Wheeler's cavalry to break
the monotony. The Carolina campaign was less so, on
account of the weather. When General Kilpatrick was
surprised at Monroe's Cross-Roads, North Carolina,
Lieutenant Wedemeyer was with one of the brigades thir-
teen miles in the rear, stuck in the mud. After mustering
out the cavalry on the close of the war, Lieutenant Wede-
meyer joined his regiment at Sackett's Harbor, New
York; there he was promoted captain, and proceed. . I
with his company to Nashville, Tennessee, in January,
1866. Then followed the years of reconstruction,
wherein he participated in various capacities. The crisis
of 1876-77 found him in New Orleans. Thereafter he
served in Kansas and Colorado ; on recruiting service at
Columbus, Ohio; in Texas and Utah, where, at Fort
Duchesne, on February 24, 1891, he was retired as a
major. He now resides at Los Angeles, California.
44§
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND XAVY • regular)
CAPTAIN CHARLES WHEATON. U.S.A. (retired).
Captain Charles Wheaton was bom in Rhode Island
May 31, 1S35. He entered the volunteer service early in
the war of the Rebellion as first lieutenant, Second Mas-
sachusetts Infantry, May 25, 1861, from which he was
hi piii irably mustered out July 26, 1 862, after having served
in the field in Virginia and the Shenandoah Valley, and
engaged in the actions at Newtown, Bartonsville, Kerns-
town Heights, and Winchester, Virginia, March to May,
[862. He was appointed captain and commissary of
subsistence of volunteers, July 17, 1862, and participated
in the battles of Cedar Mountain, Rappahannock Station,
Smith Mountain, Antietam, and Chancellorsville. He
was inspector of subsistence, Department of the South,
from August, 1863, to February, 1864; then chief com-
missary of subsistence in the field in Florida, in 1864, and
was engaged in the battle of Olustee and action of King's
Road. I Ie was then transferred to the Army of the James,
and was chief commissary in the field, from Jul}-, I 864, t< 1
January, 1865, being present at the attack on Fort Dar-
ling and actions of Deep Bottom, Laurel Hill, Fort Har-
rison, New Market Heights, siege of Petersburg and Rich-
mond, operations about the latter and occupation of the
same on the morning of April 3, 181 15.
He was appointed lieutenant-colonel and commissary
of subsistence of volunteers June 9, 1865, and honorably
mustered out of the volunteer service May 31. 1866. He
was brevetted major of volunteers, March 13, 1865, for
meritorious services in his department during the war ;
and lieutenant-colonel and colonel of volunteers, Decem-
ber 1, 1865, for faithful and meritorious services in the
subsistence department ; and was honorably mentioned
in reports on the battle of Antietam, Maryland.
Colonel Wheaton was acting chief commissary of sub-
sistence of the Twenty-fifth Army Corps from January to
June, 1865, and lieutenant-colonel and chief commissary
of subsistence of the same corps to January, 1866.
He entered the regular service, as captain of the
Thirty-third Infantry, July 17, 1867, and joined his regi-
ment in Atlanta, Georgia, and was on company and gar-
rison duty in that State to December, 1867, when he was
Provisional Secretary of State and Comptroller-General
of the State of Georgia to August, 1868. under the re-
construction laws. He was stationed at Huntsville and
Jacksonville, Alabama, to May 3, 1869. and at Columbia,
South Carolina, to May, 1S69.
He then became unassigned, and served on reconstruc-
tion duty in Virginia and recruiting at Boston, Massachu-
setts, to February, 1 S7 1 . Having become assigned to the
Twenty-third Infantry, December 15, 1 870, he joined it
at Fort Colvi lie, Washington, May 21, 1871, where he
served to June, 1872, when he was ordered to the Depart-
ment of Arizona, and stationed at Camp Hualpai to May,
1873 ; then at Yuma to Jul}-, 1874. His regiment being
transferred to the Department of the Platte, he was at
Omaha Barracks to May, 1875 ; at camp on Pawnee Res-
er\ ation, Nebraska, to August, 1875 ; at Omaha Barracks
to May, 1876, and en route for and at Fort McPherson,
Nebraska, to October, 1876. He then participated in
a winter campaign under General Crook, against Sioux
Indians, to January, [877, returning to Omaha Barracks,
where he remained to February, 1S77, when ordered to
port Leavenworth, Kansas. In February, [879, he was
en route for camp on the North Fork of the Canadian
River, Indian Territory, and in camp and cantonment at
that place from March, 1879, to September, 1 880. He
was then detailed on recruiting service at Buffalo. V
York, for two years, to October, 18S2, rejoining his 1
ment at Fort Bliss, Texas.
In June, 1884, his regiment was transferred to the
Lakes, and he was stationed at Fort Wayne, Michigan,
to February, 1S89, being present at the International
Encampment at Chicago, Illinois, in October, 1S87. He-
was in camp with the State troops of Michigan, at
Mackinac Island, in July, [888.
He was retired from active service, June 22. 1889, for
disability contracted in line of duty.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
449
MAJOR AND BREVET LIEUTENANT-COLONEL
LLOYD WHEATON, U.S.A.
Major and Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel Lloyd
Wheaton (Twentieth Infantry) was born in Michigan,
Jul)' 15, 1838. He entered the volunteer service to par-
ticipate in the war of the Rebellion, as first sergeant of
Company E, Eighth Illinois Infantry, April jo, 1861,
and was discharged, July 24, 1861, to accept the appoint-
ment of first lieutenant of the same regiment. He was
promoted captain March 25, 1S62; major, August 2^.
1863; lieutenant-colonel, December 2, 1864; and colonel
(but not mustered), March 8, 1866.
He served in the field, in the Western armies, as aide-
de-camp and engineer-officer to Brigadier-General E. A.
Paine, from October, 1861, to February, 1862; was then
with his regiment and engaged in the battle of Shiloh,
April 6, 1862, where he was wounded; was in the cam-
paign of Vicksburg, and participated in the battles of
Raymond, Jackson, Champion Hill, and the siege of
Vicksburg, being acting assistant inspector-general of
Logan's Division, Seventeenth Army Corps, from April
19, 1863. He was acting assistant inspector-general of
the Seventeenth Corps during August, 1863, and aide-
de-camp to Major-General Logan, November, 1863, and
senior aide-de-camp to General Logan, while in command
of the Fifteenth Army Corps, from December, 1863, to
April, 1864. He was engaged in action at Jackson, Mis-
sissippi, Jul\-, 1864, and participated in the campaign
against Mobile and defences, and present at the siege of
Spanish Fort, and in assault on Fort Blakely, Alabama,
April 9, 1865. Colonel Wheaton then served in West-
ern Louisiana and Eastern Texas, until mustered out ol
the volunteer service, May 4, 1866.
On July 28, 1S66, he was appointed captain of the
Thirty-fourth U. S. Infantry, and was brevetted major
and lieutenant-colonel, March 2, 1867, for gallant and
meritorious services in the siege of Vicksburg, and in
the assault on Fort Blakely, Alabama. He also received
the brevet of colonel of volunteers, March 26, [865, for
faithful and meritorious services during the campaign
against the city of Mobile and its defences.
Colonel Wheaton served at Nashville and Chatta-
nooga, Tennessee, and Grenada, Mississippi, from No
vember, 1866, to May, 1867; on reconstruction duty in
Mississippi, May, 1867, to October, 1867; at Corinth,
Mississippi, until April, 1869; at Head- quarters, Depart-
ment of Mississippi, until September, 1869; at Fort Rip-
ley, Minnesota, October and November, 1869; at Fort
Abercrombie, Dakota, November, 1869, to May, 1870;
established post of Fort Pembina, Dakota; at post, 1870-
73; suppressed Fenian raid and captured raiders on the
Province of Manitoba, October, 1871 ; in Custer's expe-
dition to the Black Hills, July and August, 1874; at
Fort Pembina, Dakota, until September, 1876; on re-
cruiting service to November, 1878; at San Antonio,
Texas, to April, 1879; at Fort Brown, Texas, to Novem-
ber, 1 88 1 ; at Fort Hays, Kansas, to July, 18X3 ; at Fort
Leavenworth, Kansas, instructor infantry tactics, School
of Infantry and Cavalry, until May, 1885; at Fort Assin-
niboine, Montana, until August, 1886; at Camp Poplar
River, Montana, from 1886 to present time. [892.
He was promoted major October 14, 1891, and as-
signed to the Twentieth Infantry.
He was honorably mentioned in the " Records of Re-
bellion," in report on battle of Shiloh, vol. x., part i., p.
127; capture of Vicksburg, vol. xxiv., part i., p. 649, as
far as published ; for services in suppressing Fenian raid
and capture of raiders on the Province of Manitoba,
October, 1871 ; received the thanks, officially, of Major-*
General W. S. Hancock, commander Department of
Dakota, and of the British government, conveyed by the
British Minister at Washington, through the Secretary
of War, also thanks of the lieutenant-governor of
Manitoba.
57
45o
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY regular)
MAJOR AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL AMIEL
WEEKS WHIPPLE, U.S.A. (deceased).
Major and Brevet Major- General Amiel Weeks
Whipple was born in Greenwich, Massachusetts, in 181S.
Ilis parents were of English origin, his father being a
descendant of Matthew Whipple, who received a grant of
land in Ipswich in 1638, and his mother, Abigail Pepper,
a descendant of an equally old New England family. lie
studied at Amherst College, but left before graduation to
enter the U. S. Military Academy. In spite of ill health,
which necessitated absence from West Point during parts
of the scholastic course, he graduated, in 1841, number
five in a class of fifty-two members.
lie was assigned to the First Artillery, but shortly after
joining his regiment was transferred to the Topographical
Engineers. He was at once assigned to duty in connec-
tion with the hydrographic survey of the Patapsco River,
and from that date until 1856 was continuously employed
on important surveys.
In 1S42 he was engaged in surveys connected with the
approaches to New Orleans and of Portsmouth harbor.
In 1S44 he was detailed as assistant astronomer upon the
Northeastern Boundary Survey, and the following year
in determining the northern boundaries of New York,
Vermont, and New Hampshire. In 1849 he was ap-
pointed assistant astronomer of the Mexican Boundary
Commission, and, until the spring of 1853, was constantly
in the field on this arduous duty. At all times in com-
mand of independent parties, he was frequently acting as
chief astronomer and principal surveyor, and in that latter
capacity signed the document establishing the initial
point of the survey. Ilis journal was published by order
of Congress, and his services were highly commended by
all of his superior officers. On the completion of this
duty, he was assigned to the command of the survey for
a railroad route to the Pacific near the thirty-fifth parallel.
His party left Fort Smith, Arkansas, Jul}- 13, 1853,
consisting of a number of scientific assistants and an
escort of troops. The Pacific coast was reached March
25, 1854, the route followed between Albuquerque and
Los Angeles being very near that adopted by the Atlantic
and Pacific Railroad.
Like all such expeditions in those early days, the
dangers from hostile Indians and from exposure were
very great, and the work exceedingly difficult ; but the
results obtained were highly successful, and his final
report, published by order of Congress, was almost
literally republished in Germany, and led to a corre-
spondence with Baron Von Humboldt, which continued
till his death.
In 1856 he was appointed engineer for the Southern
Light-House District, and placed in charge of the im-
provements of the St. Clair Flats and St. Mary's River.
At the commencement of the Civil War he at once-
applied for service in the field, and was assigned as chief
topographical engineer on the staff of General McDowell.
In this capacity he was the author of the first maps of
that part of Virginia, and their preparation necessitated
most hazardous service and participation in many of the
earlier engagements of that campaign. He was present
at the first battle of Bull Run, and upon the second
advance of the army was attached to the staff of General
McClellan as chief topographical engineer. In May,
1862, he was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers,
recalled from the Army of the Potomac, and assigned to
the command of the defences of Washington south of
the Potomac, his command extending from Alexandria
to the Chain Bridge.
In October, 1862, his division was assigned to the
Ninth Corps, and took part in the movement down the
eastern base of the Blue Ridge, upon the skirts of Lee's
retreating army.
At Waterloo his division was attached to the Third
Army Corps, and he led it at the battle of Fredericks-
burg. At the battle of Chancellorsville it was, with the
rest of the Third Corps, much exposed, and suffered as
severely as any division of the army.
He was shot on Monday, May 4, 1863, when the battle
was practically at an end. He was carried to Washing-
ton, where he died, May 7, without the knowledge that
he had been appointed major-general of volunteers " for
gallantry in action."
He had received brevets in the regular army of lieu-
tenant-colonel for the Manassas campaign ; colonel for
Fredericksburg ; brigadier-general for Chancellorsville,
and major-general, " for distinguished services during the
war."
The fort in Virginia opposite Washington, and the
barracks at Prescott, Arizona, were both named in his
honor.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
45'
COLONEL AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL WILLIAM
DENISON WHIPPLE, U.S.A. (retired).
Colonel and Brevet Major-General William
Denison Whipple was born in New York, and gradu-
ated July 1, 1 85 1, when he was promoted brevet second
lieutenant, Third Infantry, the same day, and second
lieutenant, Third Infantry, July 1, 1851.
His first duty was at Newport Barracks, Kentucky,
and in the spring of 1852 was ordered to conduct a de-
tachment of recruits from Bedloe's Island, New York, to
Jefferson Barracks, Missouri, where the detachment
joined a larger command, which proceeded by steamer
to Fort Leavenworth, and thence inarched to New-
Mexico.
Reaching New Mexico, Lieutenant Whipple joined
his company in Camp Vigilance, at Albuquerque, assisted
in the construction of Fort Fillmore, and served there
until 1857; participated in the Gila expedition, was en-
gaged with Apache Indians on the Gila River, New
Mexico, June 27, 1857; at Fort Defiance, New Mexico,
in 1858; participated in the Navajo expedition of that
year, and was engaged in a skirmish near Fort Defiance,
May 30, 1858. He was engaged in the defence of Fort
Defiance, when it was attacked by Indians just before
daybreak, April 20, i860; was transferred to Texas, and
served at San Antonio, Fort Clark, Fort Duncan, and on
quartermaster duty at Indianola, until 1861.
Lieutenant Whipple was promoted first lieutenant De-
cember 31,1856, and appointed brevet captain, staff, assist-
ant adjutant-general, May 1 1, 1 86 1. He served as assistant
in the Adjutant-General's Office, at Washington, from
Ma)r to Jul)', 1861 ; and as assistant adjutant-general of
Colonel Hunter's division in the Manassas campaign,
being engaged in the battle of Bull Run, Jul)- 21, 1861 ;
then in the Department of Pennsylvania to September
16, 1861 ; the Department of Virginia to June 1, 1862;
and in the Middle Department and Eighth Army Corps
to March 10, 1863.
He was appointed captain, staff, assistant adjutant-
general, August 3, 1 86 1 ; lieutenant-colonel, staff, addi-
tional aide-de-camp, February 10, 1862 ; promoted major,
staff, assistant adjutant-general, Jul)' 17, 1862; and ap-
pointed brigadier- general of volunteers July 17, 1863.
He was in command of the post of Philadelphia, Penn-
sylvania, from March 11 to July, 1S63; and of Second
Division of Lehigh District, Pennsylvania, from July 31
to September 21, 1863.
General Whipple was then transferred to the West,
and served as assistant adjutant-general of the De-
partment and Arm)- of the Cumberland, and as chief
of staff, from November 12, 1863, to May 6, 1864,
participating in the operations about Chattanooga, en-
gaged in the battle of Missionary Ridge, demonstra-
tion on Rocky-Face Ridge, Buzzard's Roost, battle of
Resaca, action at Adairsville, battles and skirmishes near
New Hope Church, battles and skirmishes of Pine Top
and Kenesaw Mountain, combat of Peach-Tree Creek,
siege of Atlanta, assault of the enemy's intrenchments
at Jonesborough, assault at Lovejoy's Station, and occu-
pation of Atlanta, September 8-27, 1864. He was
on duty at the head-quarters of the Department of the
Cumberland, from October, 1864, to June, 1865, being
engaged in the battle of Nashville, and pursuit of the
rebel arm)- under General Hood, to December 31, 1864,
and as assistant adjutant- general and chief of staff of
the Military Division of the Tennessee to August 16,
1866.
General Whipple was brevetted lieutenant-colonel,
colonel, and brigadier-general, March 13, 1865, for gal-
lant and meritorious services in the Atlanta campaign,
and in the battles before Nashville, Tennessee ; and bre-
vet major-general, U. S. Arm)-, the same date, for gallant
and meritorious services in the field during the Re-
bellion. He was mustered out of the volunteer service
Jan uar)- 15, 1866.
He then served as assistant adjutant-general of the
Department of Tennessee to March 16, 1867; of the
Department of the Cumberland to May 8, 1869; and of
the Division of the Pacific to June 15, 1870; as assist-
ant in the Adjutant-General's Office to January 1, 1873,
when he was appointed colonel, staff, aide-de-camp to
the general-in-chief. He served as such in Washing-
ton and St. Louis to May 1, 1S78. lie was promoted
lieutenant-colonel, staff, assistant adjutant-general, March
3, 1875, and served as assistant adjutant-general of the
Division of the Missouri, the Division of the Atlantic,
and Department of the East, from May 1, 1878, to Au-
gust 2, 1890; was promoted colonel, staff, assistant adju-
tant-general, February 2S, 1887, when he was retired
from active service by operation of law.
452
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NA VY {regular)
MEDICAL INSPECTOR CHARLES HENRY WHITE,
U.S.N.
Medical Inspector Charles Henry White was born
November 19, 1838, in the town of Sandwich, New Hamp-
shire. His father was Dr. Charles White, and his mother
the daughter of Ezekiel French, one of the early settlers of
Sandwich. He studied civil engineering for a year, and
was in the office of J. B. Henck, of Boston, Massachusetts,
but gave up this course, and applied himself to medicine
in the office of Dr. D. T. Huckins, of Watertown, Massa-
chusetts, and graduated from Harvard Medical School in
March, i860. He entered the naval service as assistant
surgeon in December, 1861, and was ordered for his
first duty to the Chelsea Naval Hospital, then under
the charge of Surgeon John L. Fox. His first sea-duty
was in the U. S. S. " Huron," on the blockade off Charles-
ton, South Carolina, and in the sounds and rivers of the
coasts of South Carolina and Georgia.
From the " Huron" he was transferred to the monitor
" Lehigh," and engaged in the close blockade of Charles-
ton. Returning North in 1864,11c was sent to the navy-
yard at Portsmouth. New Hampshire, as assistant to
Surgeon Dulancy, during the prevalence of yellow fever
at that place. Thence he was ordered to the Naval
Academy ['at Newport, Rhode Island, and put on de-
tached duty at the recruiting rendezvous in Brooklyn,
New York.
In the fall of 1864 he joined the U. S. iron-clad
" Roanoke," at Point Lookout, Maryland, and remained
on this vessel to the close of the war, when he was
promoted to passed assistant surgeon, and attached to
the navy-yard, New York. In the spring of 1866 he
was ordered to the U. S. S. "Ashuelot," and made a
cruise on the Asiatic Station. Returning to the United
States in 1869, he was first sent to the Boston Navy-
Yard, and then to the Naval Laboratory, Brooklyn, as
assistant to Medical Director Benjamin F. Bache. In
1872 he returned to the Asiatic Station, and joined the
U. S. S. " Benicia," but was shortly afterwards transferred
to the U. S. S. " Idaho," and when that vessel was sold
he went to the U. S. S. " Monocacy" to complete his
cruise. On his return to the United States, he was
again on duty at the Naval Laboratory, Brooklyn, and
afterwards at the Naval Hospital, Mare Island, where
he joined the U. S. S. " Lackawanna," and spent three
years on the coast of South America and cruising among
the South Sea Islands.
In [883 he was ordered to the Museum of Hygiene
at Washington, and in 1888 was sent to join the U. S. S.
" Trenton," at Callao, Peru. He remained on the
" Trenton," as fleet-surgeon of the Pacific Station, till that
vessel was wrecked at Samoa. He continued on duty
at Samoa till the officers and crew were sent back to
the United States, when he went to join the I*. S. S.
" Pensacola," at Norfolk, Virginia, and in that vessel
went to the coast of Africa with the expedition for the
observation of the eclipse of December, 1889.
On the return of the "Pensacola," he was detached
and sent to join the U. S. S. " San Francisco," at Mare
Island, California, and in that vessel sailed for the coast
of Chili, where he was transferred to the U. S. S. " Balti-
more," and shortly after to the U. S. S. " Pensacola."
The " Pensacola" soon after went to Honolulu, where he
was detached ami ordered to the " Charleston," and re-
turned in that vessel to Mare Island, at which place he
was detached on the completion of his sea-duty. He is
now awaiting orders.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
453
CAPTAIN JOHN CHESTER WHITE, U.S.A. (retired).
Captain John Chester White was born in New-
York City, March 8, 1841. He is the grandson of Dr.
Samuel White, an eminent physician of Hudson, New
York. After the death of his father, at a very early age,
he became the ward of his uncle, Arthur G. Coffin,
President Insurance Company of North America, Phila-
delphia, into whose office he entered after leaving the
University of Pennsylvania, but which he left to respond
to the President's call for troops, enlisting, April 18,
1 86 1, in the Washington Grays, Company A, Seven-
teenth Pennsylvania Volunteers (First Pennsylvania Ar-
tillery), and serving in the field with the regiment until
mustered out, Aug. 2, 1861. He returned to the insur-
ance company until President's call for troops, prior to
Antietam, when he enrolled again with the Washington
Grays, forming part of Twenty-first Regiment, Pennsyl-
vania Militia (see Bates, vol. v., p. 1195), serving with
same at Camp Curtin (Harrisburg) and Camp McClure
(Chambersburg), as sergeant, until discharged, Septem-
ber 30, 1862 (service not recognized in War Depart-
ment records).
After recruiting some time as captain from One Hun-
dred and Eightieth Pennsylvania Volunteers, Eighteenth
Cavalry, he was mustered in as regimental adjutant,
and extra first lieutenant, November 10, 1862, and per-
formed all the duties as such, until formal muster out,
February 26, 1863, on consolidation, the War Depart-
ment since refusing to recognize in its records said ser-
vice on muster-rolls.
Unwilling to lose a war record by accepting a cadet-
ship at West Point, he enlisted to get his commission,
May 8, 1863, in Eleventh U. S. Infantry. He served in
the field with Company B, First Battalion, as private,
corporal, and sergeant; receiving commission, May 18,
1864, as second lieutenant, Tenth U. S. Infantry, upon ex-
amination by board at Washington, his discharge read-
ing, " His own conduct has made him an officer in the
army." He served with his regiment in the Ninth and
Fifth Corps until August 19, when he was captured by
the enemy while in temporary command of the Four-
teenth U. S. Infantry, to which he had been attached.
He was confined at Petersburg and Libby Prison, Rich-
mond, Virginia, and exchanged, December, 1864, when
he rejoined his regiment at Fort Porter, New York, and
returned to the field with it for the last campaign against
Lee.
Captain White was engaged in the battles of the
Wilderness, Laurel Hill, Spottsylvania, North Anna, and
Bethesda Church, Virginia: in the assault on and
of Petersburg, and capture of the Weldon Railroad,
Virginia. He was brevetted first lieutenant, June 18,
1864, for gallant and meritorious services in front ot
Petersburg, Virginia, and captain for gallant and meri-
torious services in the battle on the Weldon Railroad,
Virginia.
He was promoted to first lieutenancy, September 13,
18(14, and served with his regiment in Washington ; at
Fort Ridgely, Minnesota, as post quartermaster and
commissary ; at Fort Ransom, Dakota Territory, and
Fort Snelling, Minnesota, in same capacities, in addition
to other duties. He was acting regimental quarter-
master, Tenth Infantry, and chief quartermaster and
commissary of subsistence, District of Minnesota, to
March 15, 1869; awaiting orders by reason of sickness
in service, May 19, 1869, until May, 1870, when detailed
on recruiting service for cavalry at Cincinnati, Columbus,
and Toledo, Ohio. He was then assigned to the First
U. S. Artillery, January 1, 1871, and served with his
regiment continuously ; at Fortress Monroe, graduate
Artillery School ; at Fort Ontario; Fort Hamilton, Light
Battery ; Charleston, South Carolina ; Savannah, acting
assistant quartermaster and assistant commissary of sub-
sistence, and post adjutant and temporary commandant
Oglethorpe Barracks, Plattsburg Barracks, in field at
Columbia, South Carolina, Edgefield Court-House, ami
Tallahassee, as quartermaster and commissary for all the
troops there employed in political troubles of 1876-77;
in command, Plattsburg Barracks, February to April,
1877; post adjutant, Fort Independence; in field with
battery during labor riots, 1877, at Philadelphia, Pitts-
bur-, and Reading, Pennsylvania; in command, Fort
Wood, New York harbor, from July, 1878, to July, 1879;
captain, July 18, 1S79. In temporary command, Fort
Warren, serving with his battery (I) there until Novem-
ber, 18S1. In command, post and battery at Fort Canby,
Washington Territory ; Fort Stevens, Oregon, Decem-
ber, 1881, to April, 1883. Retired by reason of disa-
bilities received in service, September 20, 1883.
Captain White now resides at 25 Lambert Avenue,
Boston Highlands, Massachusetts.
454
OFFICERS OF TFIE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
PAYMASTER E. N. WH1TEH0USE, U.S.N.
Paymaster Edward Norman Whitehouse is the
second son of the late Right Reverend H. J. White-
house, Bishop of Illinois. He was born in New York,
December 12, 1840; his family being a well-known one
both in New York and Chicago, and connected with
literary and educational public movements in both cities.
Paymaster Whitehouse graduated from Columbia Col-
lege, in New York, in i860.
With a strong liking for the sea, the Civil War, which
occurred while he was still in doubt as to the choice of
a profession, led him to seek an appointment as acting
assistant paymaster, July, 1862.
He served in the " Tyler," one of the first of the cele-
brated Mississippi gun-boats, and afterwards in the " Tus-
cumbia" and "Choctaw," iron-clads of the same squad-
ron. He was present at the first operations before
Vicksburg, and the passage of the batteries there, in
1862. In the "Choctaw" he participated in much hard
fighting ami endless activity of movement. He partici-
pated in the two attacks upon Haines's Bluff, in the
Yazoo, and was present at the capture and destruction
of the navy-yard and vessels at Yazoo City ; the engage-
ments at Liverpool landing, and at Milliken's Bend.
Serving at the siege of Vicksburg, May, June, and July,
1863, he was, after the surrender of that stronghold, in
the expeditions up the Black and Ouachita Rivers ; the
Red River expedition ; the severe engagement with
guerillas at Fort de Russy, Louisiana; and was with the
expedition in the Atchafalaya and the engagement at
Simsport.
His next service was in the steamers "James Adger"
and " Corwin," on the South Atlantic blockade, 1865-66.
He became assistant paymaster in July, 1S66; and was
commissioned passed assistant paymaster September 6,
1867. In 1867-68 he was attached to the sloop-of-war
"Dale," on the North Atlantic Station, and in 1869-70
made a special cruise in the " Sabine," to the Mediter-
ranean and Brazil. He afterwards served in the Practice
Squadron, the Pacific Surveying expedition, and the
"Supply." From 1876-79 he was attached to the
" Monocacy," in Chinese and Japanese waters, and made
an interesting cruise up the Yang-tse River, more than
a thousand miles, on the occasion of the opening of the
port of Ichang. The American flag was the first ever
recognized, officially, so far in the interior of that coun-
try. Mr. Whitehouse was commissioned as paymaster
April, 1877. For a year he was on shore duty at New
York, and then went to the Asiatic Station again, being-
wrecked in the " Ashuelot," on the Lamock rocks, For-
mosa Channel. Twelve of the ship's company were lost.
Mr. Whitehouse remained two and a half months on the
island in charge of those who were recovering treasure
from the wreck. After that he was fleet-paymaster of
the station, returning home in the " Richmond," via the
Suez Canal, in 1884. For about a year after this he was
inspector of provisions at New York, and then, from
June, 1885, to November, 1886, was in the important
post of chief of the Bureau of Provisions and Clothing,
at Washington, introducing beneficial reforms at a time
when they were much needed. Mr. Whitney, who was
then Secretary of the Navy, acknowledged Paymaster
Whitehouse's efficient control of the Bureau in a letter
couched in the most gratifying terms, saying that "the
good judgment and energy you have displayed in putting
the reforms in practice appear to me to call for special
commendation."
From 1886-S9 Paymaster Whitehouse was paymaster
of the receiving-ship at the New York Station, and in
May, 1889, he was ordered to the new cruiser " Chicago,"
flag-ship of the " Squadron of Evolution." In her he
visited all the great European naval stations of the Medi-
terranean, and then went to the Brazils to convey the
congratulations of the President of the United States to
the Republic of Brazil.
Paymaster Whitehouse was next on the South Atlantic
Station, in the "Chicago," whither Acting Rear-Admiral
Walker was ordered in December, 1891, to be read}' to
force and hold the Straits of Magellan in case of war
with Chili, and returned to the United States in May,
1892. Up to the present time Paymaster Whitehouse
has performed more than twenty years of sea-service.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
455
MAJOR S. MARMADUKE WHITESIDE, U.S.A.
Major S. Marmaduke Whiteside (Seventh Cavalry)
was born in Canada, January 9, 1839, and was a private
of the general mounted service; and sergeant-major of
the Sixth Cavalry, from November 10, 1858, to Novem-
ber 1, 1 861, when he was appointed second lieutenant of
the Sixth Cavalry ; he was promoted first lieutenant
January 25, 1864, and served during the war of the Re-
bellion in the field, with the Army of the Potomac, as
acting aide-de-camp to Major-General McCIellan, and
engaged in all the battles of the Army of the Potomac
while said army was under his command.
He also served as acting aide-de-camp to General
Banks, and engaged in the operations before Port I [udson,
Louisiana, and performed the duties of acting assistant
quartermaster. He was aide-de-camp to General Mar-
tindale, commanding the district of Washington, D. C,
and aide-de-camp to General Pleasonton, in the Army
of the Potomac, and was severely injured at Culpeper
Court-House, Virginia.
He was brevetted captain and major, March 13, 1S65,
for faithful and meritorious service.
On the 4th of April, 1864, he was assigned to duty as
mustering and disbursing officer of the State of Rhode
Island at Providence, remaining there until February,
1865, when he became chief commissary of musters of
the Army of the Shenandoah, mustering out of service
thirty thousand men. He then joined his regiment and
served with it in Texas from November, 1865, to Janu-
ary, 1 87 1, at which time he was detailed on recruiting
service at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and remained
there until January, 1873. He was with his regiment in
Arizona from December, 1875, to July, 1882, when he
was again on general recruiting service at Washington,
D. C.
He served at that place and at various other sta-
tions until promoted major, Seventh Cavalry, April 14,
1884, and served at Fort Rile)- until 1890.
He participated in the Indian campaign at Pine Ridge
Agency, South Dakota, in the winter of 1890-91 ; and
participated in the capture of Big Foot's band of four
hundred Indians, December 28, 1890, on the Porcupine;
in the battle and destruction of the band on the following
day; and in the fight, on December 30, with the Indians
near Drexel's Mission, in which eight troops of the
Seventh Cavalry were engaged.
On the 4th of January, 1.X91, Major Whiteside was as-
signed to the command of the regiment, which command
he held until the close of the trouble. At the end of the
campaign the command returned to Fort Riley, where
the major is at present stationed, having had leave of
absence, which expired April 20, 1892.
456
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NA VY (regular)
CAPTAIN AND BREVET MAJOR THOMAS WiLHELM,
U.S.A.
Captainand Brevet M vjok Thomas Wilhelm (Eighth
Infantry) was born in Northampton County, Pennsylvania.
I [e organized a company of one hundred men at the break-
ing out of the Rebellion; was appointed its captain, and
reported with it at the capital of his State, where he
was assigned to the Sixth Pennsylvania Infantry, and
at once participated in the campaigns on the Upper
Potomac.
On the conclusion of the service of the troops first
called into activity, Major Wilhelm, upon being mustered
out in July, 1861, found a second company prepared for
him for the three-years' call, of which he was appointed
captain, and became a part of the Second Pennsylvania
Heavy Artillery, which regiment was soon ordered into
field-duty. He attained the rank of major in November,
1 862, and was placed in command of one of its battalions.
In 1SG4 was appointed by the War Department colonel
of the Second Provisional Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery,
retaining the grade of major in his former regiment. He
was ordered with his new command to report for duty
with the Army of the Potomac.
He served in all the battles of Giant's campaign of
1864, viz. : Those of the Wilderness. Spottsylvania Court-
House.Cold Harbor(where he was wounded), and in the
battles establishing the lines at Petersburg. He com- '
manded the First Brigade, First Division, Ninth Corps,
Army of the Potomac, and was complimented by Gen-
eral Burnside for the handsome advance of his command
in the first attacks upon the enemy's lines at Petersburg.
He was assigned to the command of the Second Brigade,
First Division, Twenty-second Corps, in the defences of
the national capital, 1864, and then as assistant inspector-
general of the defences of Washington, south of the Po-
tomac, in 1864. In addition to this duty, he was appointed
recorder of a board of officers organized at Washington,
I). C, for the examination of officers as to their fitness
for promotion. In Jul}-, 1865, he was honorably mus-
tered out of the service, and appointed captain of the
Seventh U. S. Veteran Volunteers, and ordered to Phila-
delphia, where he was appointed provost-marshal of that
city for a short period.
His regiment being mustered out of the service in
April, 1866, he was appointed lieutenant in the Eighth
U. S. Infantry on the 11th of the following month. He
at once joined his regiment in South Carolina, where it
was on duty performing the difficult task of passive inter-
position under the reconstruction laws. I le was, how-
ever, si 11 in detached from his regiment to make the survey
and contracts for the improvements of the National Cem-
etery at Salisbury, North Carolina. From here, in March,
186S, he was appointed adjutant of his regiment, and
joined the head-quarters at Raleigh, North Carolina, in
which position he continued over eleven years, when he
was appointed captain on June/, 1879. During this period
he was assigned to many responsible and difficult duties
pertaining to the service, — among them, acting assistant
adjutant-general of the District of South Carolina in the
days of reconstruction ; acting assistant adjutant-general
of the Department of Arizona, and judge-advocate ol the
same department.
After his regiment was ordered to California he was se-
lected as judge-advocate of the Military Division of the
Pacific, on the staff of Major-General McDowell, serving
in this capacity until the retirement of that officer.
With this enviable record, he was twice brevetted for
gallant and meritorious services in action, — receiving the
brevet of captain in the battles of the Wilderness, and
that of major in the battles of Cold Harbor.
In the early part of the major's staff duty he saw the
importance of supplying his profession with various mil-
itary works; among them he produced the laborious
work known as " Wilhelm's Military and Naval Ency-
clopaedia." This work contains in the neighborhood ol
twenty thousand subjects ; is the first book precisely of
its kind in the English language, and has taken nearly
ten years of the major's time in its production.
Soon after he put into the book world a revised edition
of the " Encyclopaedia," known as " Wilhelm's Military
Dictionary and Gazetteer." This work has not only a wide
circulation, but has long been one of the most useful w< irks
to the profession. This officer has also put into book
form the biographies of the officers of his regiment; has
written the history of his regiment in two volumes,
embracing reminiscences of his corps. " Wilhelm's
Military Pocket-Book" is another of his publications.
Throughout his military career, Major Wilhelm has
taken many opportunities to devote his pen to the defence
and improvement of the soldier.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
457
KKAR-ADMIRAL CHARLES WILKES, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Rear-Admiral Charles Wilkes was born in the city
of New York on the 3d of April, 1798. His family
were English, his great-uncle being John Wilkes, or
" Liberty" Wilkes, as he was called. In character he
was energetic, fearless, and unflinching; when acting for
his country's good, never afraid to assume responsibility
when assured that it was the best thing to do.
On the 1st of January, 1818, he received his appoint-
ment as midshipman ; promoted to lieutenant April 28,
1826. In 1830 he was ordered to duty in the Depart-
ment of Charts and Instruments. It was then that he
set up fixed astronomical instruments in a small house
on the grounds of his home on Capitol Hill, Washington,
D. C, and he was the first in the United States to observe
with them.
In 1S38 he was ordered as commander of the United
States Exploring Expedition, and sailed from Norfolk,
Virginia, on the 18th of August of that year with five
vessels under his command. During the expedition he
visited the islands of the Pacific, explored and surveyed
the Samoan group, ami then turned southward, where
they discovered the Antarctic Continent, coasting west-
ward along it for more than seventy degrees.
In 1840 the northwestern coast of North America was
visited, also the Columbia and Sacramento Rivers. In
November, 1841, the expedition turned its face home-
ward, via the Cape of Good Hope, and cast anchor in
New York' harbor June 10, 1842.
The contributions of this expedition constitute part of
the world's history. In acknowledgment of his services
to science in this connection, the Geographical Society of
London presented Lieutenant Wilkes with a gold medal.
After this expedition charges were preferred against
Lieutenant Wilkes and a court-martial held. He was
acquitted of all charges save that of illegally punishing
some of his crew. He served on the Coast Survey in
1842-43.
He was promoted to commander July 13, 1843, and
was sent to bring home the African Squadron. He was
then employed in the report of the expedition until 1861.
When the Civil War opened, having received his com-
mission as captain September 14, 1855, he was placed in
command of the cruiser " San Jacinto." He then sailed
in pursuit of the Confederate privateer " Sumter."
On the 8th of November, 1861, he intercepted the rebel
commissioners bound for England on board Her Majesty's
steamer "Trent." Sending Lieutenant D. M. Fairfax on
board, Messrs. Mason and Slidell were brought to the
" San Jacinto," and the " Trent" proceeded on her way.
The officials were taken to Fort Warren, Boston harbor.
Wilkes was the hero of the North. Congress passed a
resolution of thanks, and the Secretary of the Navy sent
an emphatic commendation. It resulted, however, in an
international complication, and the Confederate ambas-
sadors were released at England's request. It has been
claimed that Captain Wilkes should have made the case
impregnable by sending the " Trent" to the United States
as a prize. He was, however, justified in the course
which he pursued by English precedent, according to
Major George B. Davis's work on " International Law."
67.. note, pp. 361-362.
In 1862 Captain Wilkes commanded the James River
Flotilla, and shelled City Point. He was promoted to
commodore July 16, 1862, and placed in command of
the Flying Squadron in the West Indies.
( )f the officers under his command, Rear-Admiral
Stevens is among the few remaining. Commodore Wilkes
was placed on the retired list, June 25, 1864, from age,
and promoted to rear-admiral, on the retired list, July
25, 1866. His contributions to literature were the nar-
rative of the expedition (four volumes), and the volumes
on meteorology and hydrography. He is also the author
of " Western America," 1849, anc^ " The Theory of the
Winds," 1856.
Admiral Wilkes lived until February 8, 1877. He died
at his home in Washington. His latter years were spent
in retirement, but up to a few days of his death his one
thought was his country, and his regret that his time of
serving her was ended.
58
45 *
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY (regular)
BRIGADIER- AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL OR-
LANDO B. WILLCOX, U.S.A. (retired).
Brigadier- and Brevet Major-General Orlando B.
Willci ix was born in Mich., April 16, 1 823, and graduated
from the Military Academy in the Class of 1847, when
he was promoted second lieutenant of the Fourth Artil-
lery, and first lieutenant April 30, 1850. He served with
Light Batter}' G, in the war with Mexico, from Sept.,
1847, to June, 184S, and in the Sumner Expedition on
the Plains, 1850; served with troops, Fourth Artillery and
marines, in the Anthony Burns Riot, Boston, May 17 to
June 3, 1 854, and with company in Florida, Bill}- Bowlcgs's
War, 1856-57. He resigned from Fourth Artillery Sept.
10, 1857, and settled at Detroit, Mich., in the practice of
the law until May, 1 861.
At the commencement of the war of the Rebellion he
was appointed colonel of the First Mich. Infantry, May 1,
1 86 1 , and brigadier-general of volunteers July 21, 1861 ;
commanded in the capture of Alexandria and Ball's
Bluff, May 21, 1861 ; captured Fairfax Station, July 18;
served in command of Second Brigade, Third Division
(Heintzelman's), at battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861,
where he was se\ erely \\< mnded in a charge and captured ;
prisoner of war in Richmond, Charleston jail (hostage
for privateers), Castle Pinckney, and Columbia jail, and
at Salisbury and Libby Prisons, one year and twenty-
four days; exchanged in August, 1862; commanded
First Division, Ninth Corps, Army of the Potomac,
in the battles of South Mountain and Antietam, Sep-
tember 14-17, 1862 ; commanded Ninth Corps in October
and November, 1862; supporting Pleasonton's cavalry
operations in the advance of Army of the Potomac
(skirmish at Sulphur Springs, Warrenton, November
1 5), and Burnside's crossing and battle of Fredericksburg,
December 11-14, 1862; commanded Ninth Corps and
District of Central Kentucky from April 10 to June 9,
1863, and District of Ind. and Mich., during the enroll-
ment riots, from June 10 to September 1 1, 1863 ; marched
in command of division of reinforcements for East Ten-
nessee from Nicholasville, Ky., Sept. 17, 1863, with which
he served in Burnside's battle. Blue Springs, East Ten-
nessee, Oct. 10, 1863, and in command of left wing on re-
treat from Bull's Gap; occupied Cumberland Gap, hold-
ing open communications with Kentucky during siege
of Knoxville, and operated successfully at Mulberry Gap,
Joncsville, Jacksonborough, ami Maynardsville in No-
vember, [863, and defeated Wheeler's cavalry at Walker's
Ford, Clinch River, December 2, 1863 ; commanding Dis-
trict of the Clinch until Jan. 15, 1864; commanded Second
Division and the Ninth Corps in skirmishes at Strawberry
Plains, rear-guard of the Army of the Ohio, Jan. 21, and
near Knoxville, Jan. 22, retreating from Dandridge, and
in subsequent operations in East Tennessee, from Jan. 26
to March 16, 1864; commanded Ninth Corps en route to
Annapolis, Maryland, March and part of April, 1864;
commanded Third Division, Ninth Corps (reorganized
under Burnside), battles of Wilderness, Ma\- 6, North
Anna River, Ma}- 9 (commanding two divisions) ; Third
Division, Spottsylvania, May 12; skirmishes on Tolo-
potomy, Ma}r 31 anil June 1 ; battle of Bethesda Church,
June 3 ; at Petersburg, June 17-18, and July 30; in action
onWeldon Railroad, August 19. 21, and 25 ; commanding
First Division (consolidated), Ninth Corps, in action,
Pegram House, September 30; in skirmishes near same,
Oct. 2 and 8, and at Hatcher's Run, Oct. 27, 1864; com-
manding division in the trenches, siege of Petersburg,
from Nov. 29, 1864, to April 3, 1865 ; engaged in action
Fort Steadman March 25, and the lines of Petersburg,
from March 29 to April 3, when the city fell. He ac-
cepted surrender of Petersburg from civil authorities,
and took command of city and vicinity until April 5 ;
marched in command of division to Burksville, Virginia,
April 5, and thence to Washington, on the assassination
of the President; commanded District of Lynchburg, Va.,
from Sept., 1866, to March, 1869, reconstruction diffi-
culties; transferred as colonel to the Twelfth Infantry,
March 15, 1869, and moved with regiment to Pacific
coast; superintendent general recruiting service from Au-
gust, 1873, to Oct., 1S74; commanded Department of
Arizona on brevet commission of major-general from
March, 1878, to Sept., 18S2; in command of regiment at
Madison Barracks until retirement, April 16, 1887; mili-
tary governor of the Soldiers' Home at Washington,
D. C, in 1890-92.
( reneral Willcox was bre\ etted brigadier-general, March
2, [887, for Spottsylvania Court-House, and major-gen-
eral same date for the capture of Petersburg. He was
also brevetted major-general of volunteers, August 1, 1864,
for the " several actions since crossing the Rapidan."
He was appointed brigadier-general, Oct. 13, 1886.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
459
PAY-DIRECTOR W. W. WILLIAMS, U.S.N.
Pay-Director W. W. Williams was bom in Ohio,
and appointed assistant paymaster from that State in
August, 1 86 1. His first duty was on board the " Louisi-
ana," and he was in her at the battles of Roanoke Island,
Elizabeth City, and New Berne, in 1862. In 1863, while
still attached to the " Louisiana," he volunteered his
services to General Foster during the three weeks' siege
1 >f Washington, commanding the army gun-boat " I^agle,"
and, for his services at that critical juncture, received a
warm letter of thanks from General Foster, which is on
file in the Navy Department. For the same service he
received a letter of thanks " for brave and gallant con-
duct," from Commander Renshaw, of the " Louisiana,"
which is also on file in the Navy Department; and one
highly commendatory, and going more into detail, from
Acting Volunteer Lieutenant-Commander Saltonstall,
also on file.
He was promoted to paymaster March 2, 1S64, and
ordered to the steam-sloop " Wachusett," on the Brazil
Station. Was attached to her at the time the " Florida"
was taken at Bahia, in October, 1864. Captain Collins,
of the "Wachusett," gave him a letter, which is cm file,
in regard to his conduct on that occasion, in which he
says, among other things, " Your coolness, at a time of
considerable confusion, served me to execute many de-
tails of the surrender of the ' Florida,' while we were
still under the range of the guns of the shore forts and
batteries. Had the equanimity of others been equal to
your own, and my orders, transmitted through you, been
fully carried out, I have no doubt we should have sunk
the ' Florida' within five minutes from the time we struck
her, and should have avoided the useless noise and dis-
grace of firing needlessly shotted guns in a neutral port.
I can state that your services to me in making the cap-
ture were more valuable than that of any one person that
night, etc."
Commander Alexander Murray also bore written tes-
timony to Paymaster Williams's gallantry on boat expe-
ditions and other occasions. He was promoted ten
numbers in his corps," for gallant and meritorious service"
at Wallop's Island, and Washington, North Carolina. In
1864-65 he was inspector of clothing in the Mississippi
Squadron; and was attached to the store-ship " Fre-
donia," at Callao, 1867-68. He was one of the three-
surviving officers of that vessel when she was wrecked
by an extraordinary tidal wave at Arica, Peru, on Au-
gust 13, 1 868. He was attached to the navy-yard,
Portsmouth, New Hampshire, in 1870-73. Promoted
to pay-inspector in October, 1 87 1, and at that date re-
ceived the advancement in his grade alluded to above.
He served as fleet-paymaster of the North Atlantic Sta-
tion in 1874-75 ; and was in charge of the pay-office at
Washington, 1875-78. After a service as inspector of
provisions at the Washington Navy- Yard — 1878-80, —
he was for three years fleet-paymaster of the European
Station. From 1884 to 1887, he was in charge of the
pay-office at San Francisco. Since then he has been
general storekeeper at the navy-yard at Mare Island,
California.
460
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AXD NAVY {regular)
CAPTAIN BYRON WILSON, U.S.N.
Captain Byron Wilson was born in Ohio, December
'"• '837, and appointed midshipman from that State in
January, 1853. After four years at the Naval Academy,
Annapolis, he made a cruise in the steam-frigate " Mis-
sissippi," in the East Indies, and in the steam-sloop
" Richmond," which ship was attached to the West Gulf
Squadron in 1861. Me was commissioned lieutenant in
April of that year, and ordered to the Mississippi Squad-
ron, where he had command of the " Mound City," and,
from [863 to 1865, command of a division of the squad-
ron, lie served in almost all the important events of the
war upon the river. At the passage of the Vicksburg
batteries, Apuil 1 6, 1863; Deer Creek, 1863; Red River
Expedition, 1864. He was commissioned as lieutenant-
commander in 1863. Served in the steam-sloop "Sara-
nac," Pacific Squadron, 1866-68; steam-sloop "Ply-
mouth," European Squadron, 1868-69. Commanded
the " Nipsic," on the Darien Expedition of 1870-71.
Commissioned as commander, January, 1872; and com-
manded the receiving-ship "St. Louis," from 1875 to
1878. Commanded the "Wachusett," Pacific Station,
1879-80. From 1 88 1 to 1883 in charge of Naval Ren-
dezvous at Philadelphia. Commissioned captain in April,
[883. At present in command of the " Independence,"
at Mare Island, California.
The operations at Deer Creek, mentioned above, were
among the most curious of the whole war. It was an
attempt to get in the rear of Vicksburg with the gun-
boats, by way of the Yazoo, through passes so over-
hung with trees and bushes that they had to be cut away
in man)' places for the boats to pass. The latter were
compared, with their iron-clad casemates, to great mud-
turtles crawling through their native swamps. Trees
were run down, made fast to, and hauled out of the way,
and saws and axes employed upon others, which stood
in man}- feet of water. The details of this romantic expe-
dition of vessels of six hundred tons among the primeval
forests of the swamps must be read in detail to be under-
stood and appreciated. The retreat, made necessary by
the physical difficulties, is even more remarkable and
more interesting than the advance. Fortunately, General
Sherman and his army had been detached to the assist-
ance of the beleaguered fleet, and arrived in time to succor
them, when caught in a sort of trap. The expedition,
though not entirely successful, had a great effect upon
the operations of the Confederacy.
The wonderful work of the "dam" on the Red River,
by which the fleet of gun-boats was saved, is much better
known to the public at large than this extraordinary
bayou expedition.
After the surrender of Vicksburg, the " Mound City,"
under Lieutenant-Commander Wilson, " gave the enemy
a severe lesson." Confederate raiders, under McNeil,
made a descent upon Lake Providence, for the purpose
of carrying off mules, horses, and wagons belonging to
the Federal arm)-. Much to their surprise, — as they nat-
urally did not expect to find an iron-clad on Lake Provi-
dence,— Wilson opened upon them, and they retreated,
leaving many dead and wounded, and never troubled that
part again.
The night-passage of the Vicksburg batteries, in which
Captain Wilson bore a prominent part, is well known
Fortunately, the results were commensurate with the
; daring displayed.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
461
MAJOR AND PAYMASTER CHARLES I. WILSON,
U.S.A.
Major and Paymaster Charles I. Wilson was born
in Washington, D. C, May 3, 1837. Retiring year,
1901. Appointed from New York, — civil life. Assist-
ant surgeon, May 28, 1861 ; accepted, May 31, 1861 ;
captain and assistant surgeon. May 28, 1866; resigned,
January 1, 1867; captain Sixteenth Infantry, January
22, 1S67; accepted, March 23, 1867; unassigned, April
17. 1S69; honorably discharged, December 31, 1870;
major and paymaster, March 3, 1875; accepted, March
22, 1875. Brevet captain, March 13, 1865, for meritori-
ous and distinguished services in the battle of Todd's
Tavern and Yellow Tavern, Virginia; brevet major,
March 13, 1S65, for highly meritorious and distinguished
services in his department in twelve engagements in the
Shenandoah Valley, Virginia; brevet major, March 2,
1867, for meritorious services in the battle of Todd's
Tavern. On duty as post-surgeon at Fort Leavenworth
and Fort Lamed, Kansas, from September, 1861, to
September, 1S62; on duty at Frederick, Maryland, from
September, 1862, to December, 1862, in charge of Con-
federate hospitals ; reported for duty in Army of the
Potomac, December, 1862; assigned to duty with regu-
lar cavalry, and was successively regimental surgeon
Second United States Cavalry, surgeon-in-chief Regular
Cavalry Reserve Brigade, surgeon-in-chief First Cavalry
Division, and acting medical director Cavalry Corps,
Middle Military Division (Shenandoah Valley), until
early spring of 1865; as assistant surgeon U. S. A.,
with rank of first lieutenant, participated in all the
cavalry engagements from spring of 1865 ; was on duty
in Washington as hospital surgeon, surgeon-in-chief of
the defences of Washington, and post-surgeon at Fort
Washington, Maryland, until January 1, 1867, when he
resigned the service; appointed captain Sixteenth In-
fantry, to date January 22, 1S67, and served with regi-
ment until April, 1869 ; was then unassigned and shortly
alter ordered on duty on recruiting service ; appointed
major and paymaster U. S. A., March 3, 1875; was
a- signed to duty in the Department of Texas, and served
there until May, 1SS1 ; then ordered to the Department
of the East, station New York City, and served there
until June, 1885; was then ordered to the Department
of the Platte, station Omaha, Nebraska, and served there
until Jul\', 1SS7; was then ordered to Department of
the Missouri, station St. Louis, Missouri, where lie has
been since, and is at present serving. Participated in
the first battle of Bull Run and in all the cavalry en-
gagements of the Army of the Potomac and Shenandoah
Valley. In command of Bedloe's Island, a sub-depot of
recruits, and also at David's Island, New York harbor,
until December 31, 1870, when he was honorably dis-
charged the service at his own request.
462
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
COLONEL JOHN M. WILSON, U.S.A.
Colonel John M. Wilson (Corps of Engineers) was
born in the District of Columbia, and graduated at the
Military Academy July 1, i860, when lie was promoted
brevet second lieutenant of artillery the same day. He
was transferred to the ordnance October 9, 1S60, trans-
ferred to the First Artillery January 17, 1861, and pro-
moted second lieutenant, Second Artillery, January 28,
1861. He was promoted first lieutenant May 14, 1 86 1 ,
having served as assistant ordnance-officer at Fort
Monroe and at Washington Arsenals until April, 1861,
when he was in the defences of Washington to Jul}-, and
participated in the Manassas campaign, being engaged in
battle of Hull Run, July 21, 1861. He was then in the
defences of Washington to March, 1862, when he par-
ticipated in the Virginia Peninsula campaign, and was
engaged in the siege of Yorktown, April 5 in May 4,
1862; battle of Williamsburg, May 4-5, 1862; action of
Slatersville, May 9, 1802; skirmish at Gaines' Mill,
May 23, 1862; action of Mechanicsville, May 2^-24,
1862; battle of Gaines' Mill, June 27, 1862; battle of
Malvern 1 1 ill, June 30 to July 1, 1862; skirmish at Har-
rison's Landing, July 2, 1862; action at Malvern Hill,
August 5, 1862.
He was transferred to the Topographical Engineers
July 24, 1862, and was in the Maryland campaign, and
participated in the battles of South Mountain and Antie-
tam, Maryland, and was superintending engineer of con-
struction of defences of Harper's Ferry, Virginia, No-
vember 1, 1862, to March 20, 1863; assistant professor
of Spanish at United States Military Academy, March-
June, 1S63; assistant engineer of the construction of
defences at Baltimore, Maryland, June-July, 1863;
superintending engineer of the defensive works at Mem-
phis, Vieksburg, and Natchez, August, 1863, to May,
1864; inspector-general, Military Division, West Missis-
sippi, May, 1864, to September, 1865; in the Mobile
campaign, March-May, 1865 ; detailed to present to the
Secretary of War the Confederate flags captured in the
Mobile campaign, May, 1865 ; in charge of the construc-
tion of fort at Ship Island, Mississippi, and defences
of New Orleans, September 16, 1865, to January 10,
1866.
He was engaged in the skirmish at Charlestown, Va.,
Oct. 17, 1862; in the siege and capture of Spanish Fort,
March 28-April 8, 1865; storming of Blakely, April 9,
1S65 ; occupation of Mobile, April 12, 1865 ; and surren-
der of General Dick Taylor's army at Citronelle, May 4,
1865.
He was promoted captain, June 1, 1863; major, June
3, 1S67, and lieutenant-colonel, March 17, 1884. He was
made brevet captain, June 27, 1862, for gallant and meri-
torious services in the battle of Gaines' Mill, Virginia ;
major, July i, 1862, for gallant and meritorious services
in the battle of Malvern Hill ; lieutenant-colonel, April 8,
1865, for gallant and meritorious services in the capture
of Spanish Fort, Mobile harbor; colonel, April 8, 1865,
for gallant and meritorious services at Spanish Fort and
Fort Blakely; colonel of volunteers, March 26, 1865, for
faithful and meritorious service; during the campaign
against the city of Mobile and its defences.
At the close of the war Colonel Wilson was at Jeffer-
son Barracks, Missouri, and in charge of disposition of
engineer property in Ark. and Missouri, Jan. 28, 1866,
to Sept. 4, 1866; assistant engineer in the improvement
of the Hudson River, Sept. 4, 1866, to Jan. 21, 1871 ;
superintending engineer of Forts ( )ntario and Niagara,
of harbor improvements on Lake Ontario and St. Law-
rence River, and of the survey of the Third Subdivision
of the Northern Transportation route, from the Great
Lakes to tide-water, Jan., 1871, to Dec, 1875; superin-
tending engineer of Forts Stevens and C mby, of river
and harbor improvements in Oregon and Washington
Territories, including Columbia, Willamette and Snake
Rivers and Cascade Canal, and engineer, Thirteenth
Light-House District, Dec, 1875, to Oct. 21, 1878; su-
perintending engineer of the river and harbor improve-
ments of Lake Erie west of Dunkirk, Dec, 187S, to Oct.
24, 1882, and engineer of the Tenth Light-House District,
Jul}-, iSS 1 , to Dec, 1881 ; in charge of the First and
Second Divisions, office of the chief of engineers, U. S. A.,
October, 18S2-86; on duty in California connected with
proposed restraining barriers on the Yuba, American,
and Bear Rivers, August 2-29, 1883; in charge of public
buildings and grounds, in the District of Columbia, with
the rank of colonel, June 1, 1885, to September 7, 1889.
On August 17, 18S9, he was assigned to duty as super-
intendent of the Military Academy, which position he
now occupies. Degree of LL.D. conferred by Columbia
University, Washington, D. C, 1 890.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
46:
COMMODORE THEODORE D. WILSON, U.S.N.
Commodore Theodore D. Wilson (Chief Constructor)
was born in Brooklyn, New York, May 1 1, 1840. Served
a regular apprenticeship as shipwright under Naval Con-
structor B. F. Delano, U.S.N., at the navy-yard, Brook-
lyn, New York. Served for three months at the outbreak
of the Civil War as a non-commissioned officer in the
Thirteenth Regiment, New York State Militia.
On the return of the regiment he was appointed a
carpenter in the navy, from August 3, 1861. Served
afloat in the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron, aboard
the U. S. steamship " Cambridge," William A Parker,
commander, commanding, until 1863, during which time
he took part in the first day's fight with the " Merrimac,"
and was in several minor engagements on the coast.
On December 15, 1863, he was ordered to special duty
under Rear-Admiral Gregory, general superintendent of
all works outside of navy-yards, and by his order was
intrusted with the building, repairing, and alterations of
scores of vessels, involving the exercise of great judg-
ment and skill.
Commodore Wilson remained on this important duty
until May 17, 1866, when he was examined for, and
appointed, an assistant naval constructor in the navy, and
ordered to duty in charge of the Construction Depart-
ment of the navy-yard, Pensacola, Florida. Detached
December 28, 1867, he was ordered to the navy-yard,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. While attached to this sta-
tion as assistant to Naval Constructor S. M. Pook (de-
ceased), he finished and launched the " Omaha," com-
pleted the rebuilding of the " Juniata," commenced the
rebuilding of the frigate " Brooklyn," and repaired the
" Sangamon" and " Dictator."
Detached on the 3d of July, 1869, he was ordered to
the Naval Academy as instructor in ship-building and
naval architecture, where he remained for a period of
four years, giving great satisfaction.
During the summer of 1870 he was ordered by the
Secretary of the Navy to England and France, on special
service, for the purpose of observing, personally, the
improvements in the construction of iron vessels-of-war.
This duty was satisfactorily performed, and much reliable
information obtained for the naval service.
Detached from the Naval Academy, July 16, 1873, he
was ordered in charge of the Department of Construc-
tion and Repair, at the navy-yard, Washington, D. C,
and while there rebuilt the sloop-of-war " Shawmut,"
fitted her for sea, and laid down and put the sloop-of-war
" Nipsic" in frame.
He was promoted and commissioned as naval con-
structor from July 1, 1873 ; detached, and ordered to the
navy-yard, Portsmouth, New Hampshire, June 1, 1874,
where he was stationed until March 3, 1882. While
there he had the supervision of the work on the
" Plymouth," " Kearsarge," and " Wachusett ;" finished
the " Enterprise ;" launched the sloop-of-war " Essex ;"
completed and fitted for sea the sloop-of-war " Marion ;"
rebuilt and fitted out the sloop-of-war " Ticonderoga ;"
rebuilt and fitted for sea the corvette " Lancaster," the
latter vessel being almost entirely rebuilt from his own
designs.
In 1 88 1 he was appointed a member of the First Naval
Advisory Board, of which Rear-Admiral John Rodgers
was president, organized for the purpose of determining
and recommending the number and classes of new vessels
to be constructed for the naval service.
On the 3d of March, 1881, he was nominated by
President Arthur, and confirmed by the Senate, as chief
constructor of the navy ami chief of the Bureau of
Construction and Repair. On the 15th of December,
1 886, he was renominated by President Cleveland and
confirmed by the Senate, and for the third time he was
renominated by President Harrison on the 15th of De-
cember, 1890, his present term expiring December, 1894.
During the period that he has been chief constructor,
plans have been made for thirty-two of the new steel
vessels now in the service, or in course of construction,
and plans prepared for completing the five double-tur-
retted iron monitors, aggregating eighty-nine thousand
three hundred and sixty-three tons displacement.
464
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY A. YD NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN GILBERT C. WILTSE. U.S.N.
Captain Gilbert C. Wiltse is a native of the State
of New York, and born November 29, 1838. He was
appointed a midshipman from his native State on Sep-
tember 20, 1855. From that time until 1859 he was at
the Naval Academy. Upon graduation be was ordered
to the frigate " Congress," the flag-ship of Admiral J. R.
Sands, on the Brazil Station. The " Congress" was re-
called from that station upon the breaking out of the !
Civil War, arriving in Boston in August. The officers
of that ship (two midshipmen and the two marine officers)
who resigned upon arrival, with the expressed intention
of going South, were the first naval officers held for
exchange, being arrested and placed in Fort Warren.
Wiltse was detached from the " Congress" and ordered
to the frigate "St. Lawrence," in which ship he was
present at the engagement between the " Merrimac," the
" Congress," and the " Cumberland," in Hampton Roads,
March 8 and 9, 1862. He was also in the engagement
with Sewell's Point batteries in May, 1862. He had been
commissioned as lieutenant April 19, 1861.
He was detached from the " St. Lawrence" and ordered
to the steam-sloop " Dacotah," in which ship he served
in the West Indies during 1862-63, a,K' m tne South
Atlantic Blockading Squadron from 1863 to 1865. He-
participated in the engagement of the monitors with
Forts Sumter and Moultrie in November, 1S63. He-
was commissioned lieutenant-commander in March, 1865.
In 1866-67 he served in the " Agawam," of the North
Atlantic Squadron, and was then ordered to the appren-
tice-ship " Sabine," where he remained two years.
Upon his return from this cruise he was upon shore
duty at the navy-yard, New York, and went thence to
the monitor " Saugus," of the North Atlantic Squadron,
where he remained during 1869-70. From 1870 to 1872
he was on duty at the navy-yard, Pensacola.
On November 8, 1873, he was commissioned a com-
mander in the navy, and during 1875-76 commanded the
" Shawmut" (third rate) in the North Atlantic Squadron.
From 1878 to 1881 he had a tour of shore duty at the
New York Navy- Yard, and during 1884-85 he com-
manded the steam-sloop " Swatara," of the North Atlantic
Squadron.
He was promoted to captain January 26, 1887, and
commanded the receiving-ship " Franklin" and the U. S.
training-ship " Minnesota" in succession.
Captain Wiltse is at present in command of the cruiser
" Boston," of the Pacific Squadron.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
4f'5
COMMANDER GEORGE E. W1NGATE, U.S.N.
Commander George E. Wingate was born in Ports-
mouth, New Hampshire, July 10. 1 <S 3 7 . First cruise in
clipper-ship " Reporter," North Atlantic, October 4. 185 j-
55; clipper-ship "Storm King," China, 1855—57; North
Atlantic Ocean, 1857-60; China Sea and East Indies,
1860-63. Entered the naval service of the United States
as an acting ensign, October 3 1 , 1863 ; served in the East
and West Gulf Blockading Squadrons during the Rebel-
lion; commissioned master, U S.N., March 12, 1868;
promoted to lieutenant, December 18, 1868; U. S. S.
" Quinnebaug," South Atlantic Station, 1867-68; trans-
ferred to U. S. flag-ship " Guerriere," and served on board
until her return to the United States in 1869. Commis-
sioned lieutenant-commander, July 13, 1870; U. S. S.
" Saugus" and "Ajax" (ironclads), North Atlantic Sta-
tion, 1869-70; Torpedo Station, 1871-72; U. S. S.
"Richmond" (second rate), (872-73; U. S. receiving-
ships "New Hampshire" and "Sabine," 1874; com-
manding U. S. S. "Ajax," 1875-76; "Adams," North
Atlantic and Pacific Stations, [877-79; Boston Navy-
Yard, 1880-82; U. S. flag-ship "Brooklyn," [882-84; | tion, 1890-91 ; U.S. S
in charge of Nitre Depot, Maiden, Massachusetts, De- December I, 1891.
cember, 1884-88. Promoted to commander, May 26,
1887; commanding U. S. store-ship " Monongahela,"
Pacific Station, [888-89; U. S. S. " Ranger," Pacific Sta-
Michigan," Northwestern Lakes,
59
466
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
PASSED ASSISTANT SURGEON GEORGE F. WINSLOW,
U.S.N.
Passed Assistant Surgeon George F. Winslow was
born at New Bedford, Bristol Count)', Mass., on May 8,
1S42. Graduated at Harvard University in March, 1864.
Appointed an acting assistant surgeon on July 26, 1862,
at that time not having arrived at the age of twenty-one,
the limit of age-requirement established by the regula-
tions governing the navy ; and having successfully passed
the Board of Medical Examiners for admission, his age
was waived by Hon. Gideon Welles, the then Secre-
tary of the Navy, and his appointment was issued on the
above date. Attached to U. S. S. " Morse," North At-
lantic Blockading Squadron, until January, 1864. Different
engagements on James River, protecting flanks of Army
of the Peninsula, under General McClellan ; White-House
Landing, Malvern Hill, Brick-House Point, West Point,
Pamunkey, and Mattapony engagements; Nansemond
River and Suffolk against General Longstreet, C.S.A.
Ordered to "Osceola," February 24, 1864. Detached
August 25, 1865. Commissioned assistant surgeon, May
28, 1864. On detached duty with army in front of Peters-
burg during the summer of 1864. Detailed on operating
surgical staff; both battles at Fort Fisher, North Caro-
lina. Engagements in Cape Fear River, Forts Strong
and Buchanan; taking of Wilmington, N. C, and Rich-
mond, Va.
Ordered by Admiral D. D. Porter to take charge
of the Confederate hospital at Fort Fisher the day after
its surrender. Without trained nurses or surgical assist-
ance, performed all operations on Confederate and Union
wounded. In a letter addressed to Admiral Porter, dated
January 21, 1865, head-quarters I*. S. forces, Fort Fisher,
North Carolina, Surgeon-General Barnes, U.S.N., wrote
as follows: " In behalf of the commanding general and
the officers of this command, I have the honor of thank-
ing Assistant Surgeon Winslow, of the navy, for his pro-
fessional services rendered to the wounded within the
fort (particularly the Confederate wounded) immediately
after the battle of the 15th instant. His promptness and
skill saved main- a poor fellow, who otherwise would
have suffered. For myself I cannot sufficiently thank
him for his noble conduct on that occasion." U. S. frigate
" Sabine," apprentice system, September 5, 1865 ; detached
June 25, 1867. Promoted to passed assistant surgeon,
May, 1867. Ordered to South Pacific Squadron, July,
1867; detached in December, 1869. During his service
in the Pacific he was attached to the " Wateree," " Ny-
ack," and " Powhatan." On August 13, 1 868, the U. S. S.
"Wateree," then at anchor in the harbor of Arica, was
washed up and wrecked by an earthquake wave, landing
her three hundred and ten yards beyond the sea-coast
line. The prefect of the province of Arica requested the
admiral of the station to detail an officer to aid the medi-
cal officers of the province, after the catastrophe, and
Passed Assistant Surgeon Winslow was ordered to re-
main at Arica for that purpose. In recognition of his
services the Colonel Minister of War and Navy of Peru
made his services matter of official and commendatory
report, which lack of space prevents repeating here.
Subsequent to this recognition the Congress of Peru
in Lima voted the thanks of the nation to Dr. Winslow
for his philanthropise surgical aid rendered to the suffer-
ing inhabitants of Arica after the earthquake of August
13, 1868. The following letter explains itself:
"Washington, D. C, October 14, 1S69.
" To the Honorable Secretary of the Navy :
"Sir, — I take much pleasure in complying with an
instruction which I have received from Her Majesty's
Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs to request
you to cause to be conveyed to Passed Assistant Surgeon
George F. Winslow, U.S.N. , the thanks of Her Majesty's
Government for his great kindness to distressed and
frozen seamen in the Straits of Magellan during the
winter of 1868.
" I have the honor to be, with the highest consideration,
[Signed] " Edward Thornton."
Ordered to navy-yard, Boston, April 9, 1870. Naval
Hospital, Chelsea, Mass., June S, 1X71. Practice-ship
"Saratoga," May, 1871. FTag-ship " Wabash," European
Squadron, Octobers, 1871 ; detached April 17, 1874.
Portsmouth Navy- Yard, apprentice-ship " Sabine," No-
vember 16, 1874, to November 13, 1875. Promoted to
surgeon April 2, 1875. U. S. Torpedo Station, Newport,
Rhode Island, 1X76-78; " Vandalia," North Atlantic Sta-
tion, 1879-82; navy-yard, Boston, 1882-86; "Atlanta,"
North Atlantic Station, 1886-88; marine rendezvous,
Boston, 1889-90; navy-yard, Norfolk, Virginia, 1891-92;
still on duty at that station. May 31, 1892.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIV IT. WAR.
467
REAR-ADMIRAL JOHN A. WINSLOW, U.S.N.
(deceased).
Rear-Admiral John A. Winslow's name will always
be associated with the capture of the notorious privateer
" Alabama." He was a native of North Carolina, born
in 181 1, and was appointed midshipman from that State
in 1827. After service in the West India Squadron, he
became passed midshipman in 1833. Attached to the
navy-yard at Boston, and served at sea in the Brazils.
Commissioned as lieutenant in December, 1839, and from
1840 to 1846 served in the Home Squadron, in the
" Missouri" and the " Cumberland." Present at the
attack upon Tabasco, ami in various skirmishes from the
Rio Grande down the Mexican coast. He next went to
the Boston Navy- Yard, and from 1852 to 1855 was at-
tached to the frigate " St. Lawrence," in the Pacific.
Was commissioned commander in 1855. Service at
Boston rendezvous and as light-house inspector until the
Civil War broke out. He was then ordered to the
Mississippi Flotilla, and was present at Fort Pillow; en-
gaged in various attacks and skirmishes with guerillas;
and was in command of the expedition up White River,
in June, 1862, for the relief of General Curtis's army.
He was commissioned as captain July 16, 1862.
During 1863-64 he commanded the steam-sloop " Kear-
sarge," on special service. This service took him to the
port of Cherbourg. France, where he found the " Ala-
bama." That a marine duel would be fought between
these ships was so certain, excursion trains were run
from Paris, to enable people to see it from the cliffs
north of Cherbourg. On Sunday, June 10, 1864, the
" Alabama" stood out from the port, accompanied by an
English steam-yacht, called the " Deerhound." Captain
Winslow cleared for action, and ran off to be without the
limits of the neutral zone. When the " Alabama" was
about seven miles from the shore, and about nine hun-
dred yards from the " Kearsarge," the action began.
Captain Winslow fearing that if his adversary received
serious damage, he would steam within the line of juris-
diction for protection, determined to run under her
stern and rake her. To avoid this, Semmes, the com-
mander of the " Alabama," sheered, and so keeping
broadside on to the " Kearsarge," the vessels were forced
into a circular track.
At the seventh rotation the " Alabama" was disabled
and made for the shore, but another shot brought down
the rebel flag, and a white one was run up. An officer
from the " Alabama" came alongside the " Kearsarge"
and surrendered his vessel, reporting her in a sinking
condition. In twenty minutes after this the "Alabama"
sank. In spite of the surrender and demand for assist-
ance, Semmes, and many of his officers and crew, escaped
in the " Deerhound." The remainder were picked up by
the " Kearsarge's" boats. Only three men of the " Kear-
sarge" were wounded in this remarkable combat. The
number of killed and wounded on board the "Alabama"
has never been given. Seventeen men, who were
wounded, were picked up by the victors. The battery
of the " Kearsarge" consisted of seven guns — two eleven-
inch Dahlgren, one 30-pounder rifle, and four light 32-
pounders. That of the " Alabama" consisted of eight
guns, — one heavy 68-pounder, weighing nine thousand
pounds; one 100-pound rifle, and six heavy 32-pounders.
For this gallant action, the only action at sea during the
war, when the conditions were not those of surprise,
Winslow was promoted to be commodore from July 19,
1864.
In 1866 he was ordered to command the Gulf Squad-
ron, which he retained until 1867. He was comman-
dant of the Portsmouth Navy- Yard from 1868 to 1871.
Commissioned as rear-admiral March 2, 1870. Com-
manded the Pacific Fleet in 1871-72. Died, September,
iS73-
Whenever the action of the " Alabama" and the
" Kearsarge" is mentioned, naval men will bear in mind
his first lieutenant, James S. Thornton, who died, a cap-
tain in the navy, on the rqth of May, 1875, at Philadelphia.
46.8
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
COMMANDER WILLIAM CLINTON WISE, U.S.N.
Commander William Clinton Wise was born at
Lewisburg, Greenbrier Counts', Virginia (which count}-
is now embraced in the State of West Virginia), on the
8th of November, 1842.
He was appointed an acting midshipman from the
State of Kentucky, and entered the Naval Academy in
September, i860. Those were times which proved what
men were, and young Wise remained firmly loyal. The
Naval Academy was removed, temporarily, to Newport,
Rhode Island ; and, as the war assumed a more and more-
serious nature, the midshipmen were advanced in their
studies as rapidly as possible. Wise was one of those
who were sent out, with the rank of ensign, just three
years after he had entered the Academy.
His first ship was the " New Ironsides," off Charleston,
where he served on picket and signal chit)-, and in the
general bombardments, as divisional-officer. He also
served in the expedition to Jacksonville. When the
" Ironsides" was ordered North for repairs in 1864, he
was detached and ordered to the " Canandaigua," and
was aid to Captain J. F. Green, commanding the in-shore
squadron flag-ship "John Adams."
In August, 1864, he was detached and ordered, as aid
to Commodore Stephen C. Rowan, for duty in the great
Sounds of North Carolina, but, those operations having
been put an end to, he was next ordered to the steam-
frigate " Minnesota," the flag-ship of Commodore Lanman,
- commanding the Second Division of Admiral Pinter's
fleet. In that ship he participated in both bombardments
of Fort Fisher, and the final capture of that stronghold.
After the fall of Fort Fisher, Wise was detached from the
" Minnesota" and ordered to the command of the steamer
" Malvern," Admiral Porter's flag-ship, being then twenty-
two years < >f age. He commanded that vessel during the
attacks upon Forts Anderson and Strong, and the various
batteries on the Cape Fear River, which resulted in the
e\ acuation of Wilmington, North Carolina, the " Malvern"
being the first vessel to reach that city.
After the Cape Fear River was closed to the blockade-
runners, which had so freely availed themselves of that safe
and convenient resort, the " Malvern" went up the James
River, and participated in the exciting events attending
the close of the war.
She was the hist vessel to reach Richmond after the
evacuation, and was then honored by the presence of
President Lincoln.
Lieutenant Wise was recommended for promotion by
the board of 1866. In the mean time — June, 1865 — he
joined the flag-ship " Hartford," Admiral II. H. Bell, on
the Asiatic Station, and from her was transferred to the
" Wachusett," Commander Townsend, on the same sta-
tion. Here he served in a landing party, in Northern
China, in breaking up a band of land-pirates which the
native authorities were afraid to attack. In the same
vessel he served, under Commander Shufeldt, in investi-
gating the circumstances of the massacre of the crew of
an American schooner by the Coreans. That vessel was
afterwards employed in surveying the almost unknown
Corean coast.
Upon his return from the Fast, Lieutenant Wise was
employed at the Naval Academy during the practise
cruise of 1 869, and in 1870 was the navigating-officer of
the monitor " Miantonomah."
His next service was in the U. S. S. " Brooklyn/' on
the European Station, where he remained nearly three
years, visiting a great number of English and Continental
ports. After his return he was ordered to the " Ajax,"
West India Station ; the receiving-ship " Vermont," where
he was on duty in 1X74-75; the flag-ship " Tennessee,"
on the Asiatic Station, in 1875-76; and commanded the
" Palos," on the same station, in i^//-/^.
Commander Wise has since commanded the " Ports-
mouth" and "Juniata," and served on several shore
stations.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
469
CAPTAIN FRANCIS WISTER, U.S.A. (resigned).
Captain Francis Wister was educated at the Uni-
versity "f Pennsylvania, and graduated from that insti-
tution in the Class of i860.
August 5, 1 86 1, in the early part of the Civil War, he
was appointed from State of Pennsylvania as captain of
Twelfth U. S. Infantry. At the time this appointment was
made Captain Wister was barely of age ; as soon as the
appointment reached him, Captain Wister hastened to
join his regiment. He took part in the battles of Gaines'
Mill, Turkey Bend (here supporting the batteries), Mal-
vern Hill, second Bull Run, Antietam, Fredericksburg,
Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg. Captain Wister was
brevetted major of U. S. Army, January 3, 1863, for
gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Chancel-
lorsville, Virginia, and brevetted lieutenant-colonel, July
2, 1863, for gallant and meritorious services at the battle
of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. In this battle he was sec-
ond in command of his battalion, and gave all the orders
during the battle.
In September, 1863, Captain Wister was ordered on
recruiting service as one of the officers of his regiment,
having seen the longest service in the field.
After serving on this duty for a year, he, in Septem-
ber, 1864, again returned to the army ami took com-
mand of his regiment, which took part in several affairs
in the vicinity of Hatcher's Run. Soon after this his
regiment, the Twelfth U. S. Infantry, was ordered to
New York, and Captain Wister was appointed senior .
aide-de-camp on the staff of Major-General A. A.
Humphries. Serving in that capacity, he remained in
the field until after the surrender of General Lee.
Immediately after Lee's surrender to General Grant,
Captain Wister was, on April 21, 1865, appointed colonel
of the Two Hundred and Fifteenth Pennsylvania Volun-
teers, and by selection of General Parke was given com-
mand of a provisional brigade at Washington, this brig-
ade consisting of an Ohio regiment, an Indiana regiment,
and the Two Hundred and Fifteenth Pennsylvania Vol-
unteer Infantry.
On July 31, 1865, he was honorably mustered out of
volunteer service, and took command of his company in
the Twelfth Infantry. He only served with his regiment
eight months after this, for, on April 17, 1866, he re-
signed his commission and was honorably discharged.
He, since 1866, has been engaged in commercial pur-
suits.
Colonel Wister is an active and enthusiastic member
of the Pennsylvania Commandery of the Military Order
of the Loyal Legion of United States. He was one of the
first officers to join the Loyal Legion, and has always
taken a warm and active interest in the success of the
order. He is also a member of the United Service-
Club of Philadelphia.
4/0
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
CAPTAIN AND BREVET MAJOR CHARLES TRIPLER
WITHERELL, U.S.A.
Captain and Brevet Major Charles Tripler With-
erell (Nineteenth Infantry) was born in Maine, Octo-
ber ii, 1837. He entered the volunteer service as ser-
geant of Company K, Sixth Maine Infantry, May 7,
1 861, and was discharged March 10, 1862, to accept the
appointment of second lieutenant in the same regiment.
He was promoted first lieutenant February 12, 1863, and
captain August 13, 1863. He served in the Arm)- of
the Potomac during the War of the Rebellion, and par-
ticipated in the Rappahannock campaign, being engaged
in the battle of Marye's Heights, Virginia, May 2, 1S63.
He also participated in the Shenandoah campaign of
1864, and was present in all its operations and engage-
ments, being wounded four times.
Captain Witherell was transferred to the First Maine
Veteran Infantry, August 21, 1864, and honorably mus-
tered out of the volunteer service June 28, 1865.
He entered the regular service by appointment from
ci\ il life as first lieutenant of the Twenty-eighth Infantry,
July 28, 1 866, and was brevetted captain, March 2, 1867,
for gallant and meritorious services in the battle of
Marye's Heights, Virginia, and major, March 2, 1867,
for gallant and meritorious services in the battle of Rap-
pahannock Station, Virginia. He received the brevet of
major of volunteers, October 19, 1864, for gallant con-
duct during the whole campaign before Richmond, and
especially in the battles of Winchester, Fisher's Hill, and
Cedar Creek, Virginia.
Captain Witherell was transferred, on the consolidation
of regiments, to the Nineteenth Infantry, March 31, 1868.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
47 '
CAPTAIN EDWARD E. WOOD, U.S.A.
Captain Edward E. Wood (Eighth Cavalry) was
born September 17, 1846, and is a native of the State of
Pennsylvania. He enlisted September 8, 1862, in the
Seventeenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, a regiment then being
organized under the call for three regiments of cavalry
made upon Pennsylvania just before the battle of An-
tietam.
After serving some time as a private, he was ap-
pointed commissary sergeant of Company C of his regi-
ment. He was captured in a skirmish at Occoquan,
Virginia, December 27, 1862, and was confined in the
prison of Castle Thunder, Richmond. He was acting
first sergeant of his company from the latter part of
November, 1863, until April, 1864, when he was ap-
pointed first sergeant. He was made first lieutenant from
first sergeant to fill the vacancy caused by the death of
the first lieutenant at the battle of Meadow Bridge, May
12, 1864, and was mustered in July 22, 1864. From
August, 1864, he was in command of his company until
after the battle of Winchester, September, 1864, when he
was appointed acting adjutant of his regiment. He
served as acting adjutant until June, 1865. He then
served on the staff of the First Cavalry Division, Army
of the Potomac, as adjutant commissary of musters until
the breaking up of the division organization caused by
the muster out of the volunteer forces. He was honor-
ably mustered out at Louisville, Kentucky, August 7,
1865. He served with the Seventeenth Pennsylvania
Cavalry in the First Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of
the Potomac, and was present at the campaigns, raids,
battles, and skirmishes thereof, including Kilpatrick's
and Sheridan's Richmond raids, Winchester, Five Forks,
and Appomattox.
He was appointed cadet at the United States Military
Academy, West Point, after competitive examination
therefor in his Congressional district, June, 1866, and
was graduated, .June, 1870, with the standing of number
six in a class of fifty-eight members. He was then com-
missioned second lieutenant in the Eighth Cavalry ; first
lieutenant July 31, 1873, and captain January 20, 1886.
He was aide-de-camp to Major-General Schofield from
June, 1879, to November, 1882, and has been assistant
professor of French, and also of Spanish, at the United
States Military Academy, and instructor in French,
Spanish, and English.
47-
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY regular)
COMMANDER GEORGE WORTHINGTON WOOD,
U.S.N.
Commander George Worthington Wood was born
in the city of Dublin, Ireland, in May, 1S43. He was
appointed a midshipman from the State of Pennsylvania
in 1859, and remained at the Naval Academy, Annapolis,
until 1 86 1. At the breaking out of the Civil War he
was sent to the frigate " St. Lawrence," in the North
Atlantic Squadron. He was present when that ship
destroyed the privateer " Petrel," off Charleston.
In 1862 he was attached to the steam-sloop " Oneida,"
in the West Gulf Blockading Squadron, which ship was
detailed on six different occasions to draw the fire of forts
and batteries below New Orleans from the mortar-vessels
which were then bombarding the forts. He commanded
the after eleven-inch gun on one of these occasions, when
it was disabled, and more than half its crew killed or
wounded. Served at the passage of Forts Jackson and
St. Philip, the destruction of the Confederate flotilla and
transports, and the capture of the Chalmette batteries.
Commanded howitzer in the landing party which forced
the surrender of Natchez, May 12, 1862. Engagement
with the Vicksburg batteries and passage up the river in
June, 1862. Present at the engagement with the Con-
federate iron-clad "Arkansas," July, 1862, and in the
same month with the batteries at Vicksburg on the
passage of the fleet down the river.
Commander Wood was promoted to the grade of
ensign in February, 1863, and served on board the
frigate "Sabine" a few months of that year. He was
attached to the steam-sloop " Dacotah," of the North
Atlantic Blockading Squadron, after this, and on Feb-
ruary 22, 1864, was commissioned a lieutenant. In
1S64-65 he was attached to the iron-clad " Roanoke,"
at the mouths of the James and the Potomac, employed
in guarding the prison camps. In February, 1865,
Lieutenant Wood had charge of an expedition of ten
boats and one hundred and fifty men, which entered
Pagan Creek, a tributary of the James, and captured a
torpedo-boat and outfit, designed for the destruction of
the three-turretted " Roanoke." In the report of the
Secretary of the Navy for 1865, we find the following
reports :
"United States Steamer 'Powhatan,'
" Hampton Roads, February 7, 1865.
" Silt, — I have the honor to report that on Sunday, the 5th instant, Brig-
adier-General C. K. Graham sent an officer of his staff to inform me that he
was now ready for an expedition to Pagan Creek and vicinity, in search of
torpedo-boats, which expedition had been delayed in consequence of the ice.
and asked my co-operation with two armed launches and a sufficient number
of bi its to land one hundred and fifty men. In compliance with this request,
.it >> P.M. I despatched the steamer ' I ielaware' with the two launches and the
fhrei cutters, all the available boats of this ship, and two boats from the
'Alabama,' having previously directed Captain Kilty, of the ' Roanoke,' to
have three boats in readiness to join the expedition at Newport News at 8 P.M.
111. expedition returned to the ship this morning at 2 A.M., having succeeded
in capturing a torpedo and a boat, and rebel naval officer, Ensign Heines.
For further particulars I refer you to the enclosed letter of General Graham.
Lieutenant George \Y. Wood, of the ' Roanoke,' was the senior naval officer
engaged in this expedition, whose report will be forwarded to the department
as soon as I receive it.
" I regret to add that one of the men of this ship, Svena Svendson, ordinary
seaman, was accidentally wounded, seriously, but not dangerously.
" Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
" J. 1'. SCHENCK,
"Commodore, and Senior Officer present.
" Hon. Gideon Welles,
" Secretary of the Navy, Washington, D. C."
Complimentary letter of Brigadier-General Charles K.
Graham to Commodore J. F. Schenck :
" Head-quarters Naval Brigade,
[No. 2.] " JAMES River, February 6, i8"5.
" COMMODORE, — .1 desire to express my thanks for the important assistance
rendered by Lieutenant Wood, of the navy, and the officers and men under
his command, on the banks of the James River and on Chuckatuck Creek,
last night and this morning, and my approbation of the manner in which they
subsequentl) searched the creek- .mil banks adjoining fones's and < 'huekatuek.
Pagan Creek was likewise thoroughly examined for a distance of three miles
above Smithfield by boals belonging to my own command. Lieutenant W 1
had the good fortune to capture in Jones's » Ireek a torpedo-boat and a tor-
pedo weighing seventy-live pounds, already adjusted; and Major Hassler, of
this command, captured Ensign Heines, of the Confederate navy, who was
the leader in the destruction of a schooner in Warwick River last fall, and a
participator in destroying the tug-boat ' Lizzie Freeman," off Pagan Creek.
December last.
" I am also under obligation to Acting Master Eldridge, of the steamer
' Delaware,' and to the officers of the vessels stationed off Pagan Creek, for
the assistance rendered by them.
" I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
1 11 \rles K. Graham,
" Brigadier- General.
1 1 IMMODORK J. F. SCHENCK,
" Commanding United States Steamer ' Powhatan.' "
Commander Wood became a lieutenant-commander in
1866, and has since seen much sea-service on the North
Pacific, South Atlantic, and other stations, besides prac-
tice-ship and navy-yard duty, and a torpedo cruise. He
was promoted commander in February, 1878.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
473
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL AND BREVET COLONEL H.
CLAY WOOD, U.S.A.
Lieutenant-Colonel axd Brevet Colonel H. Clay
Wood (Adjutant-General's Department) was born in
Maine May 26, 1832. He entered the regular service
from civil life, having been appointed second lieutenant
of the First Infantry June 27, 1856. He served on the
frontier, and was at Fort Leavenworth in 1861. He was
promoted first lieutenant May 10, 1861 ; transferred to
the Eleventh Infantry May 14, 1 861, and promoted cap-
tain October 24, 1861.
He served during the war of the Rebellion, and was
ordnance officer on the staff of General Fremont in 1862.
He participated in the Missouri campaign, and was en-
gaged in the actions of Independence, Dug Spring, and
battle of Wilson's Creek, where he was slightly wounded.
He was subsequently ordered to duty in the provost-
marshal's office at Washington City, where he remained
until 1864. He was appointed major and assistant adju-
tant-general June 24, 1864, and on duty in the Adjutant-
General's Office, at Washington, D. C, until September,
1867.
Colonel Wood was brevetted lieutenant-colonel March
1 t,, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services in the
battle of Wilson's Creek, Missouri, and colonel, the same
date, for diligent, faithful, and meritorious services in the
Adjutant-General's Department during the war.
He was assistant adjutant-general of the Third Military
District of Georgia until January, 1868, and then trans-
ferred to the Department of the Lakes, and at various
other stations since that time.
60
474
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
BRIGADIER-GENERAL AND BREVET MAJOR-GENERAL
THOMAS J. WOOD. U.S.A. (retired).
Brigadier-General and Brevet Major-General
Thomas J. Wood was born on September 25, 1823, in
Mumfordville, Hart Count}-, Kentucky. His ancestors,
for nearly two centuries, through colonial times, resided
in Virginia, and migrated to Kentucky near the close of
the eighteenth century, when the region in which they
settled was a wilderness, infested by Indians, rendering it
necessary for the pioneers " to fort." He entered the
Military Academy July 1, i84l,and was at the Academy
with many cadets who, subsequently as officers, achieved
great distinction in the Mexican War, and more especially
in the war for the suppression of " The Great Rebellion."
First among these must always be named General Grant.
He and T.J. Wood during one term occupied a room to-
gether; then was commenced an acquaintance and friend-
ship which remained unbroken till the great soldier and
ex-President departed this life. McClellan, Hancock,
Stone, Gordon, Granger, W. F. Smith, and others who
distinguished themselves in the nation, d armies were also
at the Academy with T. J. Wood.
He graduated July 1, 1 S45 , and was promoted brevet
second lieutenant of Topographical Engineers the same
day. He was ordered to report for duty to General
Zachary Taylor, in command of "The Army of Occu-
pation," head-quarters at Corpus Christi, Texas. After
a dreary winter, 1845-1846, passed under canvas at Corpus
Christi, in March, 1846, the Army of Occupation marched
to the Rio Grande, which brought on war with Mexico,
and the battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma were
fought, in which Lieutenant Wood was engaged. He then
participated in the occupation of Matamoras, capture of
Monterey, and was engaged in the battle of Buena Vista,
in which four thousand five hundred American soldiers,
under General Taylor, defeated and routed more than
twenty thousand Mexican troops. Lieutenant Wood was
transferred to the Second Dragoons, October 19, 1846,
and promoted second lieutenant, December 2, 1846, and,
as active operations on General Taylor's line ceased after
the battle of Buena Vista, Lieutenant Wood was trans-
ferred, at his own request, to the arm}- under General
Scott, in the City of Mexico, and remained with that
army until the close of the war, and was brevetted first
lieutenant, February 23, 1847, for gallant and meritorious
conduct in the battle of Buena Vista. He was promoted
first lieutenant, June 30, 1851.
In the autumn of 1848 he accompanied his regiment
to the Indian frontier of Texas. He was encased on
frontier service from the autumn of 1848 to the autumn
of 1859. During this interim lie was transferred from
his old regiment, the Second Dragoons, to a captaincy in
the First Cavalry, a new regiment added to the arm}- in
1 85 5. On leave from early in i860 to March 30, 1861 ;
visited every capital in Europe but Madrid ami Lisbon.
He reported to the War Department for duty; was or-
dered to Indiana to muster in the quota of that State; he
remained in Indiana on mustering duty from April, 1861,
to October, i86i,and in theinterval organized, equipped,
mustered into service, and sent into the field forty thou-
sand volunteers. In October, 1861, he was appointed
brigadier-general U. S. Volunteers, and ordered to rep rrt
to General W. T. Sherman.
General Wood commanded a division in the march to
and capture of Corinth ; then participated in the race to
Louisville, ami engaged at Perryville, October 8, 1862.
He also participated in the Murfreesborough campaign,
and was engaged at Stone River, December 31, 1862 ; in
the battle of Chiekamauga, September 19-20, 1863; in
the battle of Missionary Ridge, November 25, 1S63, when
his division was the first body of troops to reach the
crest; in the Atlanta campaign of 1864, and participated
in all the important battles and actions of that campaign.
At Lovejoy's Station General Wood was wounded, but
never left the field. He succeeded to the command of
the Twenty-fourth Army Corps, which he commanded
in the battle of Nashville, Tennessee, December 15-16,
1864, and in pursuit of the retreating rebel arm}-.
He was promoted major, First Cavalry, March \(i;
lieutenant-colonel, Fourth Cavalry, May 9, and colonel,
Second Cavalry, November 12, 1861 ; appointed major-
general of volunteers, January 2~, 1865 ; and brevetted
brigadier-general, U.S.A., for Chiekamauga, and major-
general for Nashville, Tennessee.
He served in various commands until mustered out of
volunteer service, September 1, 1866. He was then or-
dered to the Indian frontier, but, on account of disability
from wounds, was retired as major-general June 9, 1868,
but subsequently changed to brigadier-general by law of
March 3, 1875.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
475
MAJOR AND BREVET LIEUTENANT-COLONEL ALFRED
A. WOODHULL, U.S.A.
M \|oR and Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel Alfred A.
Woodhull (Medical Dept.) was born at Princeton, N. J.,
April 13, 1837; he was graduated at that college in 1856,
receiving the degrees of A.B. and A.M. in course, and in
medicine at the Univ. of Perm, in I 859. He practised medi-
cine in Douglas Co., Kan., from July, 1859, to Aug., 1861.
Immediately after the attack on Sumter he took an
active part in organizing a company of mounted rifles
for the Kansas militia, and was made its second lieutenant.
He also qualified by examination for appointment as sur-
geon of Kansas volunteers. In Aug., 1 86 1 , he was exam-
ined by the Army Medical Board, New York, and was ap-
pointed assistant surgeon Sept. 19, 1861, and attached to
Second U. S. Infantry. He also did duty with troops ol
all arms in Washington in the winter of 1861-62, and
took the field with Second Infantry in March, 1862, re-
maining with that regiment, in the Army of the Potomac,
doing duty on occasions with the other regiments of the
Second Brigade of Sykes's division, until the last of Nov.,
1862. He was present on the field with the command in
all its operations during that period, including the siege of
Yorktown, the battles of Gaines' Mill and Malvern Hill
in the Seven Days, the camp at Harrison's Landing, the
march to and participation in the battles of second Bull
Run and Antietam, the affair at Shcpherdstown Ford
(where he acted as aid to the brigade commander), the
skirmish at Snicker's Gap (with Sixth Infantry), and was
several times commended in the official reports.
In December, 1862, he was temporarily in charge of a
general hospital in Baltimore, and until November, 1863,
was executive-officer to the medical director of the Middle
Department, who at that time was charged with the man-
agement of forty thousand beds in general hospitals and
their necessary staff, besides the medical control of Eighth
Army Corps. From Nov., 1863, to May, 1864, he was on
similar duty with the medical director of Department of
Va. and N. C. at Fort Monroe, and early in May, 1864,
took the field in the same capacity with the Army of the
James. He remained in the field, as assistant to the
medical director and for the greater part of the time as
acting medical inspector, Army of the James, until May,
1865, and was present at the more important collisions
with the enemy, including the surrender at Appomattox.
After a short hospital service near Bermuda Hundred
he was — June, 1865 — detailed in the Surgeon-General's
Office to prepare a descriptive catalogue of the surgical
section of the Army Medical Museum, containing at that
time more than four thousand seven hundred specimens.
He was on board and other temporary duty at West
Point a part of the summer and autumn, 1867, and, later,
prepared at the Surgeon-General's Office a medical report
upon soldiers' uniform clothing. He was recorder of
the Army Medical Board, New York, May to Novem-
ber, 1868.
He received the brevets of captain, major, and lieuten-
ant-colonel, for "faithful and meritorious services during
the war," to date from March 13, 1865 ; attained the rank
of captain in the Medical Department July 26, 1866, and
that of major October 1, 1876.
I [e was on duty at numerous posts in the West and dif-
ferent parts of the country to September, 1 88 1, when he
availed himself of a leave of absence for six months, and
then served at various posts to May, 1891. lie repre-
sented Medical Department, U.S.A., at the International
Congress of Hygiene and Dermography, London, and
was on special duty, studying the equipment and admin-
istration of the Medical Department of the British army,
July to Dec, 1 89 1. In charge of Army and Navy Gen-
eral Hospital, Hot Springs, Ark., from Feb., 1892. Lt.-
Col. Woodhull was the gold medallist of the Military Ser-
vice Institution, for the prize essay on " The Enlisted Sol-
dier," 1886. While at Fort Leavenworth he lectured on
military hygiene in the Infantry and Cavalry School.
Colonel Woodhull has published the following works :
"Catalogue of the Surgical Section of the Army Medical
Museum," 4to, pp. 664, 1866 ; " Medical Report upon the
Uniform and Clothing of the Soldiers of the United States
Army," 8vo, pp. 26, 1868; " Clinical Studies in the Non-
Emetic Use of Ipecacuanha," Svo, pp. 155, 1876; "On
the Causes of the Epidemic of Yellow Fever at Savan-
nah in 1876;" prize essay, "The Enlisted Soldier;"
" Notes on Military Hygiene for Officers of the Line,"
1 21110, pp. 150, 1890; and occasional essays.
Lt.-Col. Woodhull springs from good American stock,
being of the eighth generation from the first of the name
who settled on Long Island in 1648, and having among
his direct ancestors a signer of the Declaration (John
Witherspoon) and military officers of the Revolution.
476
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
CAPTAIN CHARLES A. WOODRUFF. U.S.A.
Captain Charles A. Woodruff (Subsistence De-
partment) was bom at Burke, Vermont, April 26, 1845.
He enlisted in Company A, Tenth Vermont Volunteers,
June 5, 1862, and served in the Army of the Potomac,
with the First Brigade, Third Division, Third Corps, and
First Brigade, Third Division, Sixth Corps. He was in
the field continuously as private, corporal, and sergeant,
until severely wounded at Cold Harbor, Virginia, June 3,
1864 (slightly wounded three times, June I). He was
then commissioned second lieutenant, but not mustered
on account of wounds, and subsequently discharged for
disability, wounds, August 18, 1S65. He was pensioned,
but surrendered the same from September, 1866. He
was a cadet at the U. S. Military Academy from July 1,
1867, to June 12, 1 87 1, when he was graduated and pro-
moted second lieutenant, Seventh Infantry.
lie served on frontier duty at Fort Shaw, Montana
from September 30, 1871, to January, 1872; at Fort Ben-
tun, Montana, to May 2, 1S72; at Fort Shaw, Montana,
to March 17, 1876, commanding mounted detachment,
scouting and exploring country to Fort Colville, Wash-
ington, August 19 to October 19, 1873 ; acting regimen-
tal adjutant and acting assistant adjutant-general, District
Montana, July to October, 1874: commanding company
and mounted detachment at Camp Lewis, Montana, June
2 to October 19, 1875, guarding stage road and scout-
ing; he was adjutant of the Montana Infantry Battalion
on Yellowstone Expedition, from March 17 to Septem-
ber 5, 1S76, and commanded the artillery in action
against Sioux Indians, August 2, 1876, at the mouth of
Powder River ; he was on leave of absence to February
6, 1877 ; then at Fort Shaw, Montana, from February 6
to July 26, 1877, and adjutant of General Gibbon's Nez
1'eices Expedition to August 9, being engaged in the
battle of Big Hole Pass, Montana, August 9, 1877, where
he was thrice severely wounded.
He was promoted first lieutenant, Seventh Infantry,
August 9, 1877; and was on sick-leave of absence from
October 30, 1877, to May, 1878, when he was appointed
captain, staff-commissary of subsistence, March 28, 1878.
lie was on duty in the commissary-general's office,
Washington, D. C, June 4 to August 15, 1878; depot
commissary at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, August 22,
187S; acting chief commissary of subsistence, Depart-
ment, Montana, August and September, 1879; aiu' act~
ing assistant adjutant-general, Department of Montana,
August, 1 879, to October 9, 1879; as chief commissary
of the District of New Mexico, and post commissary
of subsistence, Fort Marcy, New Mexico, to October 31,
1884; acting as engineer officer and acting assistant
adjutant-general at various times during that period;
chief commissary, Department of the Columbia, and
purchasing and depot commissar)- of subsistence, Van-
couver Barracks, Washington, November 17, 1884; on
various staff duties, Jul}- 21, 1886, to May 14, 1889; with
commanding general department during Chinese troubles
at Seattle, Washington, to July 31, 1889; and as pur-
chasing and depot commissary of subsistence at San
Francisco, California, August 9, 18S9, to present time,
[892.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
A77
COMMANDER EDWIN TULLY WOODWARD, U.S.N.
Commander Edwin Tulu Woodward was born in
Vermont in 1843, and appointed to the Naval Academy
in 1S59 from that State. Detached from the Naval
Academy, May, 1861, and ordered to the U. S. frigate
"Mississippi," Gulf Squadron, November 4, 1 S6 rt to
January 24, 1862, garrison Ship Island; during this time
was at the capture of Biloxi and Mississippi City in the
steamer "Henry Lewis" January 25, [862; gunboat
" Sciota," attack on and passage of Forts Jackson and
St. Philip, Chalmette batteries, and capture of New
< Means. Mentioned in despatches by Fleet Captain Bell.
Passage of Mississippi River to Vicksburg, capturing
Baton Rouge, Natchez, and Port Gibson. Two attacks
on Vicksburg under Admiral Farragut, passing the bat-
teries both times. Engagement with rebel ram "Ar-
kansas," above Vicksburg, and battle at Baton Rouge,
when General Williams was killed, 1862. Extract from
letter of Lieutenant R. B. Lowry, commanding t;un-boat
" Sciota :"
" You displayed great zeal, ability, and fitness for a
naval officer, under the terrible fire of Forts Jackson and
St. Philip, and the batteries of Chalmette, and before
Vicksburg you displayed coolness and courage most
commendable in any youth."
Sloop " Cyane," Pacific Squadron, [863-64. Com-
missioned as lieutenant February 22, 1864; steam-
frigate " Minnesota," North Atlantic Blockading Squad-
ron, 1864-65; two attacks on Fort Fisher (in landing
party); steam-sloop " Kearsarge," cruising after rebel
ram "Stonewall," 1865-66. Commissioned lieutenant-
commander July 25, 1866; Naval Academy, 1866-67;
steam-frigate "Guerriere," flag-ship South Atlantic Squad-
ron, 1867-68. Steamers " Quinnebaug" and "Kansas,"
1 S69. Ordnance duty, navy-yard, New York, 1869-71.
" Canonicus" (iron-clad), North Atlantic Station, 1871-72.
Receiving-ship "Vermont," 1873. " Brooklyn" (second
rate), flag-ship South Atlantic Squadron, 1874-75 ; " Van-
dalia" (third rate), 1875-76; torpedo duty, 1877. Pro-
moted commander February 2, 1878. Navy -yard,
League Island, 1879-S0. Commanding" Vantic," North
Atlantic Station, 1881-82. During this time he received
the thanks of the State Department. Commanding squad-
ron of iron-clads, consisting of " Passaic," " Nantucket,"
and "Alarm," for instruction, [884.
Received the following letter:
" Na\ y Department,
■■ Washington, D. C, October 8, 1884.
"Sir, — The Department has received your final report
of the 4th inst., in relation to the cruise of the monitors
'Passaic,' 'Nantucket,' and ram 'Alarm,' and your com-
mand, together with the reports of the commanding
officers of the two last-mentioned vessels. The depart-
ment desires to commend you for the maimer in which
you have carried out the spirit of the instructions to
make the cruise one of practical instruction to both
officers and men, and to state that you have commanded
the squadron to its satisfaction.
" Very respectfully,
" Edward T. Nichols,
" . Xcting Secretary oj the .V
"Commander F. T. Woodward, U.S.N.,
" Commanding U. S. Monitor ' Passaic,'
" Annapolis, Maryland.
" forwarded, October 9, 18S4.
" T. M. Ramsey,
" Commanding Station."
Commanding "Swatara," 1885-86, and temporary com-
mand of U. S. S. "Terror," iSSS. Commanding {'. S. S.
"Adams," Pacific Station, 1889-90. Light-house inspec-
tor Tenth District, 189I-92.
478
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY (regular)
COLONEL GEORGE A. WOODWARD, U.S.A. (retired).
Colonel George A. Woodward was bom in Wilkes-
Barre, Pennsylvania, February 14, 1835. He graduated
15. A. at Trinity College, Hartford, Connecticut, in June,
1855. In November, 1855, he removed to Milwaukee,
Wisconsin, where he continued the study of the law,
already begun, and was admitted to practice in December,
[856. He took an active part in military affairs, and
served at different times as private in the Milwaukee
Light-Guard and the Citizen Corps, as sergeant-major
of the Light-Guard Battalion, and captain and judge-
advocate on the division staff. In 1858 he was elected
City- Attorney of Milwaukee, and on expiration of term
returned and entered upon the practice of his profession
in Philadelphia.
Immediately after the attack on Fort Sumter he set
about raising a company of volunteers for the war, and
was mustered in as captain on the 27th of May, 1861.
He was assigned to the Second Regiment of the Penn-
sylvania Reserves in June, 1S61. He took the field with
his regiment in July, 1861; was promoted to major
April 2, 1862, and engaged at the battles of Mechanics-
ville, Gaines' Mill, and Charles City Cross-Roads (or
Glendale), in which battle he was twice wounded ; taken
prisoner and confined in Libby Prison, Richmond, Vir-
ginia; promoted lieutenant-colonel February 20, 1863;
commanding regiment, and engaged at the battle of
Gettysburg, July 2-3, 1863; at close of Gettysburg
campaign applied for honorable discharge on account of
disability from wounds; withdrew that application at
request of division commander, by whom was tendered
the position of inspector-general of the division ; pend-
ing consideration of such tender, received an appointment
as major in Invalid Corps, accompanied by a letter from
the provost-marshal-general explaining that no higher
grade than that of major had yet been created in that
corps, but that if, as was expected would soon be the
case, higher grades should be authorized, his claim to
higher rank would be duly considered; major, Invalid
Corps, August 24, 1S63, and lieutenant-colonel Septem-
ber 26, 1863; colonel December 4, 1S63; colonel, Twenty-
second Regiment Veteran Reserve Corps, to July 20, 1 81 >< >.
when he was honorably mustered out of the volunteer
service ; performed duty commanding the depot camp of
the corps in Washington, and camps in Philadelphia,
Columbus, and Cleveland ; tour of inspection duty to
Hartford, Connecticut, on returning from which found
communication with Washington cut by enemy ; reported
for duty to General Cadwalader in Philadelphia, and by
his orders proceeded to Washington, by sea, in command
of five companies of convalescents organized from hos-
pitals to assist in defence of Washington ; being in
Washington awaiting orders on the night of President
Lincoln's assassination, volunteered his services, and
acted as field-officer of the day in charge of the special
guards established that night ; accepted appointment as
lieutenant-colonel, Forty-fifth Infantry, U. S. Army, Sep-
tember 18, 1866; assigned to duty superintending regi-
mental recruiting service at Louisville, Ky. ; superin-
tended recruitment of and organized the Forty-fifth
Regiment of Infantry, U. S. Arm)- ; ordered with it to
Nashville, Term., April, 1867; on recommendation of his
division commander was brevetted colonel for " gallant
and meritorious services at the battle of Gettysburg,"
General Meade forwarding such recommendation with
the following indorsement : " Respectfully forwarded,
concurring in the recommendation that Lieutenant-
Colonel Woodward be brevetted colonel for Gettysburg,
and furthermore, that he be brevetted brigadier-general
for distinguished good conduct in the field during the
war;" in 1869 was retained as lieutenant-colonel Four-
teenth Infantry ; took post at Taylor Barracks, Louisville,
Ky.; July, 1870, proceeded to Fort Randall, Dakota,
and assumed command of regiment, establishing Camp
Lovell ; proceeded in command of regiment to Omaha,
Neb., and then to Fort Sedgwick, Col. ; in spring of
1 87 1, in command of four companies, marched to Fort
Fetterman, Wy. Territory; at Sidney Barracks, Neb.;
Fort McPherson, Neb.; and Fort Cameron, Utah ; pro-
moted to colonel, Fifteenth Infantry, U. S. Arm)-, Jan.
10, 1876; on sick-leave on account of breaking out of
old wound in foot ; retired for disability resulting from
wounds March 20, 1879.
Received honorable mention in the official reports of
Major-General McCall and Brigadier-General Seymour,
for good conduct in the Seven Days' battles before Rich-
mond (" Rebellion Records," Series I., Vol. XL, Part
II., pp. 389, 404). Since 1887 has resided in Washing-
ton, D.C.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
479
REAR-ADMIRAL JOHN LORIMER WORDEN, U.S.N.
(retired).
Rear-Admiral John Lorimer Worden enjoys the
distinction, unique in our service, of being placed upon
the retired list, at his own request, upon full pay, the
latter being done by special act of Congress. Admiral
Worden's name will always be especially associated with
the" Monitor," but he performed valuable service before
the idea of the " Monitor" was conceived, as well as lone
after she went to the bottom.
Rear-Admiral Worden entered the navy as a midship-
man from his native State, New York, in January, 1834,
and served in the Brazils and the Mediterranean be-
fore going to the Naval School at Philadelphia. Pro-
moted passed midshipman in July, 1840, and was in
the Pacific for three years, after which he went to the
Naval Observatory, at Washington. He obtained his
next two steps in the same year, master in August, and
lieutenant in November, 1846. He went out to the
Pacific Station in 1847, and served there in the "South-
ampton," "Independence," and " Warren," coming home
in the Iine-of-battle-ship "Ohio," in 1850. For several
years afterwards he was on duty at the Observatory,
and in the Mediterranean, at the navy-yard, New York,
and as first lieutenant of the frigate "Savannah," Home
Squadron.
On April 6, 1 861, Lieutenant Worden reported at
Washington for special duty connected with the dis-
cipline and efficiency of the naval service, but, finding
that ships were being rapidly fitted for service, in conse-
quence of secession movements, asked to be relieved
from special duty, and applied for service afloat. On the
7th, at daylight, he was sent to Pensacola with de-
spatches for the commanding officer of the squadron off
that port, the orders to reinforce Fort Pickens, and 1
reached there about midnight on the 10th. A heavy
gale prevented him from communicating with the ships
on the next clay. But on the 12th he delivered his de-
spatches at noon. At 3 p.m. left to return to Washington
by rail. It was necessary to go via Montgomery, Ala-
bama, and on the 13th, about 4 P.M., he was arrested at
a station just south of the rebel capital, taken there, and
detained as a prisoner until November 14. He was then
paroled and ordered to report to the Secretary of War,
at Richmond. He found that he was to be exchanged
against Lieutenant Sharp, a Confederate who was con-
fined on board the " Congress," at Newport News. By
flag of truce from General Huger to Admiral Golds-
borough, this exchange was duly effected November 18,
after Mr. Worden had been more than seven months a
prisoner. On January 16, 1862, he was ordered to the
command of the " Monitor." The story of this extraor-
dinary engine of war, and its influence on our own
fortunes and upon naval construction all over the
world, has often been told, and cannot be told too often.
In his battle with the " Merrimac," on March 9, 1862,
Lieutenant Worden was severely injured, and was
obliged to be removed as soon as the action was over,
but not until complete success had crowned the efforts
of one who was fighting an entirely novel and untried
vessel, which had only come in the night before from a
perilous voyage. He was made commander, July, 1862,
and upon partial recovery was upon duty at New York-,
as assistant to Admiral Gregory, in superintending the
construction of iron-clads. Commander Worden com-
manded the monitor " Montauk" from October, 1862,
to April, 1863, in the South Atlantic Squadron. In her
he attacked Fort McAllister, on the Ogechee River, and
on February 28, 1863, destroyed the Confederate priva-
teer " Nashville," under the guns of that fort.
On April 7, 1863, he participated in the attack of the
iron-clads, under Admiral Dupot, upon the defences of
Charleston. In the mean time, February 3, 1863, he
had been promoted to be captain in the navy. Com-
modore and superintendent, Naval Academy, [868. Rear-
admiral commanding European Station, 1872, and much
other service.
4So
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
BRIGADIER-GENERAL JACOB ZEILIN, U.S.M.C.
(retired).
Brigadier-General Jacob Zeilin is a native of Phila-
delphia, and was appointed a second lieutenant in the
Marine Corps from Pennsylvania, < >ctober i, 183 1. After
being stationed at the marine barracks at Washington,
Philadelphia, and Gosport, Virginia, he made a long
cruise in the sloop-of-war " Erie," from March, [832, to
September, I 837.
I [e became first lieutenant in [836.
\it<T serving at the Charlestown Barracks he made
another cruise in the Brazils, in the "Columbus," 74.
On his return served at the barracks at Philadelphia,
Washington, and Norfolk-, until the Mexican War, when
he went tu the Pacific in the frigate "Congress." He
commanded the marines of the squadron, and was adju-
tant of the naval battalion at the capture of Santa Bar-
bara, August 4, 1846; capture of San Pedro, August 6,
1846; capture of Los Angeles, August 13, 1846; assault
and second capture of San Pedro, October 25, 1846; the
relief of General Kearney, at San Bernardino, December
12, 1846; victory of San Gabriel, January 8, 1847; vic-
tory of La Mesa, January 9, 1847; bombardment and
capture of Guaymas, October 20, 1S47 ; capture of Mazat-
lan, November 8, 1847.
He was brevetted major for gallant conduct at San
Gabriel and La Mesa, January 9, 1847. On January 28
of that year he was appointed military commandant of
San Diego.
lie was commissioned captain September 14, 1847.
After being fleet marine officer of the Pacific Squadron
until May, 1848,11c had a round of shore-duty at Norfolk-
anil at New York until June, 1852, when he went, as fleet
marine officer, in Perry's Expedition to Japan. He was
tlii second person to touch the shore at the formal land-
ing of the naval forces at Yokohama, on July 14, 1853,
and .was one of those who received the silver medal pre-
sented by the merchants of Boston to the naval force that
unsealed the empire of Japan.
Upon his return from this important and most interest-
ing cruise, he was stationed at Norfolk, and in command
1 'I the barracks at the Washington Navy- Yard. He
served in the frigate " Wabash," of the European Squad-
ron, and then, from 1859 to 1862, commanded the marine
barracks at Philadelphia and at Washington. In July,
1 861, he was on detached duty with the marine battalion,
and w.is wounded at the battle of Bull Run, July 21,
1 86 [ .
He was commissioned major in the Marine Corps,
Jul)- 26, 1861, — a rank he had by brevet fourteen years
before.
From November, 1862, to February, 1863, Major Zeilin
commanded the marine barracks at New York. He was
then ordered, on detached duty, to the command of the
marine battalion at the siege of Fort Wagner, where he
served during August and September, 1863.
lie was then ordered to the command of the marine
barracks at Portsmouth, but on June 30, 1864, was com-
missioned colonel commandant of the United States .Ma-
rine Corps, and ordered to head-quarters at Washington.
Commissioned brigadier-general and commandant,
March 2, 1867. Retired November I, 1876.
General Zeilin's record shows thirteen years and eleven
months of sea-service ; thirty years and eight months of
, shore-service, dw.\ only four months unemployed.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
481
PAYMASTER GEORGE DE FOREST BARTON. U.S.N.
Paymaster George De Forest Barton is a native of
the city of New York, and was appointed an acting assist-
ant paymaster in the navy in June, 1861, when only-
twenty years of age.
He reported for duty on board the " Monticello," one
of the early-purchased steamers, a small, but fast and
handy vessel. The " Monticello" was actively employed
in Virginia waters and on the blockade at various points
from the capes of Virginia to the Savannah River.
In August, 1 861, the "Monticello" took part in the
attack upon Forts Clark and Hatteras. After some
hours' bombardment the enemy's Hag was hauled down,
when the " Monticello" was sent in by Flag-Officer
Stringham to bring off the commanding officer. The
pilot ran the vessel ashore, only a k\\ hundred yards
from the forts, and she was opened on at once, without
rehoisting the flag in the forts. It was fortunate that the
enemy had only solid shot, or the vessel must have been
destroyed, as she was hulled fourteen times, but at last
got off.
Next morning the forts were taken, — troops landed and
occupied them, — one of the first Union successes. When
the " Monticello" went out of commission, in the summer
of 1863, Paymaster Barton was ordered to the new double-
ender " Sassacus." In her he saw very active service, on
the outside blockade, during which time she captured or
destroyed several noted blockade-runners.
In the spring of 1864 the "Sassacus" was ordered into
the Sounds of North Carolina, where she was destined to
play a most conspicuous part. One of the must formida-
ble of the rebel iron-clads, the "Albemarle," built at
Plymouth, North Carolina, had recently played havoc
with the squadron of small vessels in the Sounds, and
was soon expected out again, while there were only
wooden ships to place against her. She soon came down,
and the " Sassacus," as previously arranged, rammed her
at full speed, striking her on the starboard side, just abaft
the casemate, the sharp prow of the " Sassacus" cutting
its way in between the bars of railroad iron with which
the " Albemarle" was plated. Then they attempted to
push the iron-clad on to a shoal near by, but, in doing 1
so, the vessels came together broadside on, and were held 1
in this position for some fifteen minutes, heavy firing being
kept up almost muzzle to muzzle. The " Albemarle's"
shot passed entirely through the wooden vessel, which
had her boilers penetrated, with very great loss of life.
At last they were separated, and the " Albemarle" steamed
away up the river, pursued by the other Union vessels.
At Plymouth she was afterwards destroyed by a torpedo
at the hands of Lieutenant Cushing.
In the course of this engagement the " Bombshell" was
captured by the " Sassacus." Paymaster Barton acted as
signal officer and aid to the commander during this
desperate fight. Soon after this he was appointed an
assistant paymaster in the regular navy.
He served in the " St. Louis," and, after the war
closed, in the store-ship "Supply," becoming paymaster
in May, 1866. He served in the " Swatara," European
Squadron, and in the " Portsmouth," of the Apprentice
Squadron.
In 1869, Paymaster Barton resigned his naval commis-
sion, and has since then been engaged in business in New
York.
He is an active member of the Military Order of the
Loyal Legion, Commandery of New York, and has been
treasurer, recorder, and is at present junior vice-com-
mander of that Commandery.
61
482
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NA VY (regular)
BREVET CAPTAIN EDGAR KETCHUM, U.S.A.
Brevet Captain Edgar Ketchum was born in New
York City on July 15, 1840. He graduated at the Col-
li.;.1 of the City of New York in July, i860, and at the
Columbia College Law School in the spring of 1862,
then being admitted to practise law.
He was commissioned as second lieutenant, Signal
Corps, U.S.A., to date from March 3, 1863.
Lieutenant Ketchum reported for duty at Signal Camp
of Instruction, Georgetown, D. C, August, [864. Sub- 1
sequently reported in the field to chief signal officer,
Department of Virginia and North Carolina, and was
assigned to duty at Fort Signal Hill, near the extreme
right of the Army of the James. A reconnoissance was
made in December, 1864, by General Longstreet with a
considerable force, and the forts at Signal Hill and Camp
Holly were attacked, the skirmishing continuing during
the whole day and evening. Lieutenant Ketchum was
highly commended in the report of his superior officer
tor the "zeal and judgment displayed by him at that
time."
Was ordered to accompany the expedition against Fort
Fisher, North Carolina, under General A. H. Terry, in
January, 1865. After landing in the surf, he assisted in
establishing our line across the peninsula north of Fort
Fisher, in order to sever communication between Fort
Fisher and Wilmington.
On January 15, 1865, at the attack on Fort Fisher, was
assigned to duty with General A. H. Terry as signal
officer, kept up constant communication between Ad-
miral Porter and General Terr}' during the seven hours
of battle. During these seven hours, besides exposure to
the ordinary risks of artillery and musketry, the signal
officers were a mark for sharp-shooters, who used every
effort to cripple the attacking force by preventing com-
munication by signal between the army and navy.
The morning after the capture of the fort the large
magazine exploded, causing the loss of more than two
hundred men. Though in the fort, and about fifty feet
from the magazine, Lieutenant Ketchum was not se-
riously injured.
In February, 1865, was on duty with General J. D.
Cox, and took part in the capture of Fort Anderson
during that month, and the battle of Town Creek, Feb-
ruary 18, 1865, and the capture of Wilmington, February
22, 1865.
He was the first signal officer who arrived opposite
Wilmington, and was shelled from the city the day
before its capture.
After the capture of Wilmington, Lieutenant Ketchum
was selected to proceed up the Cape Fear River on a
gun-boat to open communication with General Sherman,
who was believed to be in the vicinity.
On the march north from Wilmington was on the staff
of General Terry as a signal officer.
After the battles of Bentonville and Averysborough
was ordered to return to Virginia, and subsequent to the
surrender of the Confederate armies Lieutenant Ketchum
was assigned to duty at the Reserve Camp at George-
town, D. C, and on August 12, 1865, was honorably dis-
charged from the service of the United States.
He was made first lieutenant by brevet for gallant and
meritorious services at the capture of Fort Fisher, and
captain by brevet for gallant and meritorious services
during the war. He was honorably mentioned by his
superior officer for the faithful and efficient manner in
which he performed his duties at Fort Fisher, and in the
official record of his services on file in the War Depart-
ment it is stated that, " while his career as an officer of
this corps was comparatively brief, he not having served
in that capacity but about one year, the memorable cam-
paigns, hard-fought battles, and bloody skirmishes which
occurred in the vicinity of Richmond and Petersburg
during the last few months of the war, in many of which
he took an important part and rendered valuable service,
were sufficient to give him military renown surpassing
that of many others who served a greater length of
time;" and it is further stated that, "from the reports
of his superior officers in the field, it is shown that he
was a faithful, zealous, and reliable officer."
After leaving the service he returned to the practice
of law in New York City, and is still so engaged. For
three years he held the position of engineer, with the
rank of major, in the First Brigade, First Division, Na-
tional Guard of the State of New York, and was subse-
quently honorably discharged therefrom upon tendering
his resignation.
He is a member of the Military Order of the Loyal
Legion, the War Veterans of the Seventh Regiment, and
Post Lafayette, of the Grand Army of the Republic.
WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR.
483
CAPTAIN AND BREVET MAJOR BENJAMIN F.
RITTENHOUSE, U.S.A. (retired).
Captain and Brevet Major Benjamin F. Ritten-
house was born in Berwick, Columbia County, Pennsyl-
vania, December 15, 1839. He was brought up in the
District of Columbia and Virginia, and in November,
i860, was appointed clerk in the Census Bureau. On
June 20, 1 86 1, he was appointed second lieutenant in the
Fifth U. S. Artillery, to date from May 14. He was on
recruiting duty in Pennsylvania and Kentucky from July
1 to November 1, and joined his battery (II, Terrill's)
near Cincinnati, about November 7, and served with that
battery in the march on to Nashville, Tennessee, the
siege of Corinth, Mississippi, and in Buell's campaign in
Mississippi, Alabama, Tennessee, and Kentucky. In
July, 1862, he was promoted to first lieutenant, and in
October ordered to join Battery D, of his regiment,
serving in the Fifth Corps, Army of the Potomac. He
served in this battery under the command of First Lieu-
tenant Charles E. Hazlett, in the battles of Fredericks-
burg and Chancellorsville, Virginia, and Gettysburg,
Pennsylvania, July 2. Lieutenant Hazlett was killed
July 2, when the command of the battery devolved upon
Lieutenant Rittenhouse, who commanded it on Little
Round Top, during the remainder of the battle; also at
Rappahannock Station, Mine Run, Wilderness, Laurel
Hill, Po River, Spottsylvania, Guiney's Station, North
Anna River, Bethesda Church, Virginia. On June 10,
1864, he became chief of artillery of Ayers's Second
Division of the Fifth Corps, commanding three batter-
ies at the siege of Petersburg, Virginia. On June 19 he
was severely wounded and disabled for further field ser-
vice.
He was brevetted captain to date from August 1, 1864,
" for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of
Bethesda Church and the campaign before Richmond,"
and brevet major, March 13, 1865, "for good conduct
and gallant services during the war," and appointed cap-
tain in the Twentieth U. S. Infantry, to date Jul)- 28,
1866, but declined.
In November, 1864, he was ordered to Chicago, Illi-
nois, on mustering duty, and in May, 1865, to Camp
Parole, Annapolis, Maryland, to muster out paroled
prisoners. In July he was ordered to join his battery,
and in October was ordered with it to Fort Jefferson,
Dry Tortugas, Florida ; in .May, 1867, he was transferred
to Battery C, at Fort Monroe, Virginia; in May, 1869,
graduated from the Artillery School, and was ordered to
join Battery K, at Fort Sullivan, Eastport, Maine.
In May, 1S70, he received his commission as captain
in his regiment, to date from January 5, 1870, and ordered
to join Battery L, at Fort Warren, Boston harbor ; in
September of the same year, he was ordered with his
battery to Fort Adams, Newport, Rhode Island.
On October 7, 1874, he was placed on the retired list,
on account of" wounds received in the line of duty;" in
August, 1882, he was appointed secretary and treasurer
of the U. S. Soldiers' Home, at Washington, D. C, and
served in that position until March, 1890.
While stationed at Newport, Rhode Island, Major
Rittenhouse studied law, and when he retired was ad-
mitted to the bar in that State.
Major Rittenhouse at present resides at Washington,
D. C.
484
OFFICERS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY {regular)
CAPTAIN AND BREVET LIEUTENANT-COLONEL
SAMUEL KLINGER SCHWENK. U.S.A. (retired).
Captain and Brevet Lieutenaxt-Coi.onei. Samuel
Klinger Schwexk was born May 8. 1S42, in Dauphin
County, Pennsylvania, and is descended from the Von
Schwenks of Germany, a noble family, several of win mi
served with distinction in the late Franco-Prussian war,
and his ancestors, both paternal and maternal, partici-
pated in the war of the American Revolution. He was
educated at the Dickinson Seminary, which he left in
order to enlist in the service of his country during the
war -of the Rebellion. While at the seminary he in-
structed the Dickinson Cadets. On August 19, 1861,
he was appointed a lieutenant in the Fiftieth Pennsyl-
vania Infantry, and proceeded with the command to
Smith Carolina; for actions at Beaufort, and twice at
Port Royal Ferry, he received the thanks of Generals
Stephens and Hunter. He was ordered with his regi-
ment to Virginia, arriving there in time to take part in
the battles of second Bull Run and Chantilly. At South
Mountain he was wounded in the ankle. At Antietam
he participated with his regiment in the battle, though
scarcely able to walk, and was given command of the
sharp-shooters on the front of the Ninth Corps, where he
was pitted against the famous Palmetto sharp-shooters,
whom he drove in and thereby opened connection with
Hooker's Corps on the right, receiving therefor hand-
some recognition from Generals Willcox and Bumside.
At Fredericksburg he again led the skirmishers, and
reached out on the left until he joined hands with those
of Franklin's grand division.
The Ninth Corps, to which his regiment was attached,
was sent West in the spring of 1863, and at Blue Springs
.ind Hough's Ferry, where the advance of Longstreet was
met, Captain Schwenk performed one of those daring
feats with which his name was often associated. He not
only fought the enemy's skirmishers, gaining full infor-
mation of the enemy's position and numbers, but in the
end took prisoners a party sent out to demand his own
surrender. "At Campbell's Station," says his brigade
commander, General Cutchcon, " he behaved most
bravely, and during the entire siege of Knoxville was
especially distinguished for his coolness, prudent judg-
ment, and determined gallantry, as well as professional
skill in the construction of defences."
His most conspicuous acts of gallantry, however, were
performed during the battles of the Wilderness, in 1864.
At the battle of Nye River, on May 9, 1864, he is ac-
credited with having " saved the day." The rebels were
ascending a hill, and, if they had reached the crest,
woidd have discovered the weakness of the Union forces
confronting them ; but Captain Schwenk, perceiving this,
took the responsibility of ordering a charge with the
bayonet, which his superior officers hesitated to do, and
with part of a regiment repulsed the rebels from the
crest and saved the brigade from a probable serious dis-
aster. In one of the engagements before Spottsylva-
nia Court-House he may be said to have gone into the
fight as a captain of one company, and to have come
out of it a commander of five regiments.
At the battle of Cold Harbor, after thirteen bullets
had passed through his clothes harmlessly, he was
struck in the side by one which passed through the
vertebra, and he was carried from the field, as it was
supposed, mortally wounded. He had, however, the
benefit of eminent medical skill, the case being regarded
as a remarkable one, and he survived, though many
months elapsed before he was able to move about.
He was promoted major, and was at the retaking of
Fort Steadman and final capture of Petersburg. For
conspicuous gallantry before Petersburg, and in the
assault on Fort Steadman, Virginia, he was brevetted
lieutenant-colonel of volunteers March 25, 1865. On
July 24, of the same year, he was brevetted colonel, and
on the same day brigadier-general of volunteers. On
July 28, [866, he was appointed first lieutenant in the
Forty-first Regular Infantry, and was in succession
brevetted captain, major, and lieutenant-colonel in the
regular army, for conspicuous gallantry and skilful and
meritorious services at Nye River, Spottsylvania and Cold
Harbor. He was stationed at Brownsville, Texas, in
1867, and was promoted to be captain in December,
[867, and on May 17, 1876, was placed upon the retired
list of the army.
INDEX.
Alden, J., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. ... 5
Almy, J. J., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . . 6
Ames, L. S., Captain U.S. A 7
Ammen, D., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . . 8
Anderson, J., Captain U.S. A 9
Anderson, R., Brigadier- and Bvt.
M \ ior-General U.S. A 10
Anderson, T. M., Colonel U.S.A. . . . 11
Andrews, G. L., Colonel U.S.A. ... 12
Arnold, A. K., Colonel U.S. A 13
Arnold, I., Jr., Major U.S. A 14
Augur, C. C, Brigadier- and Bvt. Ma-
jor-General U.S. A 15
Auman, W., Captain U.S. A i(>
Averell, W. W., Captain and Bvt. Ma-
jor-General U.S. A 17
Avery, R., Lieutenant-Colonel U.S.A. iS
Babbitt, L. S., Lieutenant-Colonel
U.S.A 19
Babcock, J. B., Captain and Bvt. Major
U.S.A 20
Badger, O. C, Commodore U.S.N. . . 21
Bailey, C M., Major U.S.A 22
Bailey, T., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . . 23
Baird, A , Brigadier- and Bvt. Major-
General U.S.A 24
Barlow, J. W., Lieutenant Colonel
U.S.A 25
Barnitz, A., Captain and Bvt. Ci ilonel
U.S.A 26
Barrigf.r, J. W., Lieutenant-Colonel
and Bvt. Brigadier General U.S.A. 27
Bartlett, H. A., Major U.S.M.C. . . 28
Barton, G. DeF., Paymasjer U.S.N. . 4S1
Bates, N. L , Medical Director U.S.N. 29
Be. k, YV. IL, Captain u\a 30
Beckwith, A., Colonel and Bvt. Ma-
jor-General U.S.A 31
Belknap, G. E., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. 32
Benham, H. W., Colonel and Bvt. Ma-
jor-General U.S.A . ^^
Benteen, F. W., Major and Bvt. Col-
onel U.S.A 34
Bentley, E., Major U.S.A 35
Bergland, E., Captain U.S.A 36
Bernard, R. F., Major and Bvt. Col-
onel U.S.A 37
Best, C. L., Colonel U.S.A 38
Bingham. J. D., Colonel and Bvt. Brig-
adier-General U.S.A 39
Bishop, J., Commander U.S.N 40
Bliss, Z. R., Colonel U.S.A. 41
Bloodgood, D., Medical Director
U.S.N. . 42
Boggs, C S , Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . . 43
Bowers, E. C, Captain U.S. X 44
Brackett, A. G., Colonel U.S.A. ... 45
Braine, D. L., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . 46
Brayton, G. M., Colonel U.S.A. ... 47
Breck, S., Lieutenant -Colonel and
Bvt. Brigadier-General U.S.A. . . 48
Breckinridge, J. C, Brigadier-Gen-
eral and Inspector-General U.S.A. 49
Breese, K. R., Captain U.S.N 50
PAGB
Brewerton, H. F., Captain U S. A. . . 51
Brice, J. J., Commander U.S.N 52
Bridge, H., Paymaster-General U.S.N. 53
Brinkerhoef, H. R., Captain U S.A. . 54
Bristol, H. B., Captain and Bvt. Lieu-
tenant-Colonel U.S.A 55
Brooke, J. R., Brigadier-General
U.S.A 56
Brooks, H, Colonel and Bvt. Briga-
dier-General U.S.A 57
Browne, J. M., Surgeon-General U.S.N. 58
Brush, G. R., Medical Inspector U.S.N. 59
Bryson, A.. Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . . 60
Burnham, H. B., Lieutenan i -Colonel
U.S.A 61
Burnside, A. E., Major-General U.S.A. 62
Burt, A. S., Lieutenant - Colonel
U.S.A 63
Burtis, A., Pay-Inspector U.S.N. ... 64
Butler, E., Lieutenant-Colonel U.S.A. 65
Butler, J. G, Major U.S.A 66
Batchelder, K N., Brigadier-General
and Quartermaster-General U.S.A. 67
Bkardslee, L. A., Captain U.S. N. . . . 68
Calef, J. H., Captain U.S.A 69
Callinan, D. F., Captain U.S.A. ... 70
Campbel l, J., Colonel U.S.A 71
Canby, E. R. S., Brigadier- and Bvt.
Major-General U.S.A 72
Carlton, C H., Colonel U.S.A. ... 73
Carmody, J. R., Paymaster U.S.N. . . 74
Carpenter, L. H., Major and Bvt. Col-
onel U.S.A 75
Carroll, H., Major U.S.A 76
Carroll, S. S., Major-General U.S.A. 77
Case, A. L., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . . 78
Casey, S., Colonel and Bvt. Major-
General U.S.A 79
Casey, S., Captain U.S.N 80
Casey, T. L., Brigadier-General and
Chief of Engineers U.S.A 81
Ca 1 1. in, I. S., Colonel U.S.A 82
Chipman, H. L., Lieutenant-Colonel
U.S.A S3
Clapp, W. II. , Captain U.S.A 84
Clark, J. C, Jr., Major and Bvt. Col-
onel U.S.A 85
Cleborne, C J., Medical Director
I S.N 86
Clem, J. L., Captain U.S.A 87
Clendenin, D. R., Colonel U.S.A. . . 88
Closson, H. W., Colonel U.S.A. ... S9
Clous, ]. \V., Lieutenant - Colonei
U.S.A." 9°
Coates, E. M., Major U.S.A 91
Coe, J. N., Captain U.S.A 92
Coffin, G. W., Commander U.S.N. . . 93
Collins, N., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . . 94
Collum, R. S., Captain U.S.M.C. ... 95
Comstock, C B., Bvt. Major-General
U.S.A 96
Conline, J., Captain U.S.A 97
Conrad, C H., Captain U.S.A 98
Cooke, A. P., Captain U.S.N 99
I'M.B
Cooper, P. IL, Commander U.S.N. . . 100
Corhin, H. C, Lieutenant- Colonel
U.S.A ,01
Cotton, C S., Commander U.S.N. . . 102
Craigie, 1). J., Captain U.S.A 103
Craven, T. A M., Commander U.S.N. . 104
Crook, G., Major-General U.S.A. . . 105
Crosby, P., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . . 106
Cunu ell, W. II. II. , Captain U.S.A. . 107
Cullum, G. W., Colonel and Bvt. Ma-
jor-General U.S.A 108
Cushing, H. C, Bvr. Major U S A. . . 109
Cushing, S. T., Major U.S.A 110
Cushing, W. B., Commander U.s N. . . m
Cusick, C C, Captain U.S.A 112
Custer, G. A., Lieutenant- Colonel
and Bvt. Major-General U.S.A. . . 113
Daggett, A. S., Major and Bvt. Liu
tenant-Colonel U.S.A 114
Dahlgren, J. A., Rear-Admir u. U.S.N. 115
Dana, W. S., Commander U.S.N. ... 116
Darling, J. A., Captain and Bvt. Major
U.S.A. ' 117
Davis, C. II. , Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . . 118
Davis, J. C, Colonel 11. S.A 119
Day, H., Colonel and Bvt. Brig Gen-
eral U.S.A 120
Day, S. A., Captain U.S.A 121
De Rudio, C C, Captain U.S.A. . . . 122
Dewey, G., Commodore U.S.N 123
Dillenback, J. \V„ Captain U.S.A. . 124
Dimmick, E. D., Captain U.S.A 125
Douhleday, A., Colonel and Bvt. M 1-
jor-General U.S.A 126
Douglass, H., Colonel U.S.A 127
Drayton, P., Captain U.S.N 12S
Drum.R. C.Brigadier-Generai U.S.A. 129
Drum, W. F., Lieutenani C01 ei
U.S.A 130
Dupont, S. F., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . 131
Durand, G. R., Commander U.S.N. . . 132
Dyer, N. M., Commander U.S.N. . . . 133
Eakin, C. P., Captain and Bvt. Major
U.S.A 134
Ebstein, F. II. E., Captain U.S.A. . . 1 55
Edgar, W. F., Major U.S.A 1 ,
Erben, H., Commodore U.S.N 137
Evans, R. D., Commander U.S.N. . . . 138
Ewing, E. S., Captain and Bvt. m
U.S.A 139
Farley, J. P., Lieutenant-Colonei
U.S.A. ' 140
Farquhar, N. H., Commodore U.S.N. . 141
Farragut, D G., Admiral U.S.N. . . 142
Febiger, J. C, Rear-Admiraj U.S.N. . 143
Fechet, E. G., Major U.S.A 144
Field, E., Captain U.S. A 145
Fitz Gerald, M. T., Captain U.S.A. . . 146
Flagler, D. W., Brig.-Gener il U.S.A. . 147
Floyd-Tones, DeL., Coioni 1 U.S.A. .
Flusser, C. W., Lieutenant-Comman-
der U.S.N
4S5
486
Folger, W. M., Commodore U.S.N. . .
Foltz, J. M., Surgeon-General U.S.N.
Foote, A. II., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . .
Forney, J., Lt.-Colonel U.S.M.C. . .
Forsyth, J. M., Commander U.S.N. . .
Frank, R. T., Lieutenant - Colonel
U.S.A
Franklin, S. R., Rear-Admiral U.S.N.
Franklin, W. B., Colonel and Bvt.
Major -General U.S.A
Freeman, H. B., Major U.S.A
Fremont, J. C, Major-General U.S.A.
Gageby, J. H., Captain U.S.A
Garretty, F. D., Captain U.S.A. . . .
Getty, < '•. \V., Colonel and Bvt. M \-
Ior-General U.S A
Gherardi, B., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. .
Gibbon, J., Brigadier- and Bvt. Major-
( Ieneral U.S.A
Gihon, A. L., Medk ai. Director U.S.N.
(.11 bri mii, E. C, Captain U.S.A. . .
Gii.e, G. \V., Lieutenant-Colonel and
Bvt. Brigadier-General U.S.A. . .
GlLLMORE, Q. A., COLONE] IND BVT.
Major-General U.S.A
GOLDSBOROUGH, L. M., ReAR-AdMIRA]
U.S.N
Gooi :, G. C, Major U.S.M.C. . . .
Gorringe, H. II., Lieutenant-Comman-
der U.S.N
Grant, L. A., Assistant Secretary of
War
Grant, U. S., General U.S.A
Greely, A. \V., Brigadier - General
U.S.A
Green, J. G., Commander U.S.N. . . .
Greenough, G. G., Captain U.S.A. . .
Greer, J. A., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. .
Groesbeck, S. W., Major U.S.A. . . .
GROGAN, F. C, Captain U.S.A
Guest, ]., Commodore U.S.N
PAGE
[50
51
;-
53
54
Si
Hains, P. C, Lieutenant - Colonel
U.S.A
Halleck, H. W., Maior - General
U.S. A 182
Hancock, W. S., Major-General U.S.A. 1S3
Hardin, M. D., Brigadier-General
U.S.A 1S4
Harris, H. T. B., Paymaster U.S.N. . 1S5
-Harris, T- C., First Lieutenant
I .S.M.C 186
Harris, M., Captain U.S.A 187
Harrison, B., Commander-in-Chief . . iSS
Hartz, W. T., Captain U.S.A 189
Haskin, W. L., Major U.S.A 190
Hay, C, Captain U.S.A 191
Hazen, W. B., Brigadier - General
U.S.A 192
Hebb, C D., Colonel U.S.M.C 193
Hendershott, H. B., Captain and Bvt.
Colonel U.S.A iwj
Henry, G. v., Lieutenant-Coloni l and
\\\ r. Colonel U S.A 195
Henton, J., Major U.S.A 196
Hess, F. W., Captain and Bvt. Major
1 S.A 197
Heywood, C, Colon 1 1 and Comman-
dant U.S.M.C 198
Higbee, J. IL, Major U.S.M.C 199
Hoffman, W., Captain U.S.A 200
Holabird, S. B., Brigadier-General
U.S.A 201
Hooker, E., Commander U.S.N. . . . 202
Hooker, J., Brigadier and Bvt. Ma-
jor-General U.S.A 203
Horwitz, P. I.. Medical Director
U.S.N 204
How \rd, O. O., Major-General U.S.A. 205
Howe, H. L., Captain U.S.A 206
Howell, T- C., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. 207
Hoxie, R. L., Captain U.S.A 20S
IXDEX.
Humphreys, A. A., Brigadier and Bvt.
Major-General U.S.A 209
Hunt, II. J., Colonel and Bvt. Major-
General U.S.A 210
Ingalls, J. M., Captain U.S.A 211
LNGALLS,R.,BRIG \DIER AND BVT. MAJOR-
General U.S.A 212
Jackson, J-, Major U.S.A 213
Jai kson, S., Medical Director U.S.N. 214
Jenkins, T. A., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. 215
Jewett, H., Colonel U.S.A 210
Jocelyn, S. P., Captain U.S.A 217
Johnson, J. B., Captain U.S.A 21S
Johnson, L., Captain and Bvt. Lieu-
tenant-Colonel U.S.A 219
Jones, D. P., Chief Engineer U.S N. . 220
Jones, \V. H., Medical Inspector U.S.N. 221
Jouett, J. E., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . 222
Kai rz, A., Captain U.S.N 223
Kautz, A. V., Brigadier - General
U.S.A 224
Kellogg, E. R., Major U.S. A 225
Kelton, T. C, Brigadier - General
U.S.A. ' 22(1
Kendall, F. A., Captain U.S.A. . . . 227
Kennedy, W. B., Major U.S.A. ... 228
Kershner, E., Medical Inspector
U.S.N 229
K m, E., Bvt. Captain, U.S.A. . 482
Ketchum, II. H., Captain U.S.A. . . . 230
Kilpatrick, J., Captain and Bvt. Ma-
jor-General U.S.A 231
King, R , Major-General U.S.A. . . . 232
Kramer, A., Captain U.S.A 233
Kress, J. A., Major U.S.A 234
Langdon, L. L., Colonel U.S.A. . . . 235
Lardner, J. ],.. Rear-Admiral U.S.N. 236
Latch, E. I!.. Chii f Engini 1 k U.S.N. . 237
Leary, P., Jr., Captain U.S.A 238
Lee, S. P., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . . 239
Le Roy, W. E., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. 240
Lockw >, B. C, Captain U.S.A. . . 241
Looker, T. II., Pay-Director and Ex-
Paymaster-General U.S.N 242
Lord, J. II., Major U S.A 243
Lott, G. G., 1 Iaptain U.S.A 244
Luce, S. B., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . . 245
Mackenzie, R. S , Brigadier-General
U.S.A 246
Mac Murray, J. W., Captain and Bvt.
Major U.S.A 247
M v omb, D. B., Chief Engineer U.S.N. 24S
M \i/i, W. K., Captain U.S.A 249
Mai.lery, G., Captain and Bvt. Lieu-
tenant-Colonel U.S.A 250
Manley, H. DeH., Commander U.S.N. 251
Marin, M. C Captain U.S.N 252
McCann, W. P., Commodore U S.N. . 253
McCauley, E. Y., Rear Admirai U.S.N. 254
a 1 1 y, C. G., Colonel U.S.M.C. . 255
McClellan, (.;. B., Major-General
U.S A 256
McConih) . s.. Capi \i\ \\i> Bvt. Lieu-
11 iant-Coi.onel U.S.A 257
McCook, A. Mrli., Brigadh r and Bvt.
Major-General U.S.A 25S
McCrea, T., Major U.S.A 259
McCurley, F., Commander U.S.N. . . 260
McDonald, J., Captain U.S.A 261
McDonald, R., Captain U.S.A. . . . 262
McDougall, T. M., Captain USA. . 263
Mi Dowell, I., Major-General U.S.A. 264
McGregor, C, Commander U.S.N. . . 265
McKee, G. W., Major U.S.A 266
McPherson, J. B., Brigadier-General
U.S.A 267
Meade, t .. (',., Major-General U.S.A. 268
PAGE
Mears, F., Lieutenant-Colonel U.S.A. 269
Meigs, M. c, Brigadier and Bvt. Ma-
jor-General U.S.A 270
Melville, G. W., Engineer-in-Chief
U.S.N 271
Mi.rriam, II. C, Colonel U.S.A. . . . 272
Merritt, W., Brigadier and Bvt. Ma-
jor-General U.S.A 273
Miles, E., Lieutenant-Colonel U.S.A. 274
Miles, N. A., Major-General U.S.A. . 275
Miller, F.A., Lieutenant-Commander
U.S.N 276
Mills, A., Lieutenant-Colonel U.S.A. 277
Mills, W. II. , Captain and Bvt. Major 278
Mitchell, G., Captain U.S.A 279
Mizner, H. R., Colonel U.S.A 280
Mizner, J. K., Colonel U.S.A 281
Morgan, W. A., Lieutenant-Comman-
der U.S.N 2S2
Morris, A., Captain and Bvt. Maior
USA 283
Morris, G. U., Commander U.S.N. . . 2S4
Morrow, A. P., Colonel U.S.A. . . . 2S5
Morton, A., Captain U.S.A 286
Mullan, D. W., Commander U.S.N. . 287
Mullany, |. R. M., Rear-Admiral
U.S.N. ." 288
Murray, J. D., Pay-Director U.S.N. . 2S9
Nicholson, J. W. A., Rear-Admiral
U.S.N 290
Nixon, J. B., Captain and Bvt. Liii -
tenant-Colonel U.S.A 291
Noble, H. B., Captain U.S.A 292
Norris, B., Colonel U.S.A 293
Norton, T. H., Captain and Bvt. Major
U.S.A 294
Norvell, J. M., Captain and Bvt. Ma-
jor U.S A 295
Oberly, A. S., Medical Inspector
U.S.N 296
O'Kane, J., Captain U.S.N 297
Ord, E. O. C, Major-General U.S.A. 29S
Overton, G. E., Captain U.S.A. . . . 299
Pagi ,J. H.,Lieutenant-ColonelU.S.A. 300
Palmer, I. N., Colonel and Bvt. Briga-
dier-General U S.A 301
Parker, D., Lieutenant - Colonel
U.S.A 302
Parker, F. A., Commodore U.S.N. . . 303
Parker, J. B., Surgeon U S.N 304
Pattison, T., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . . 305
Tail, G. R., Colonel and Bvt. Briga-
dier-General U.S.A 306
Paulding, H., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . 307
Peck, G., Medical Director U.S.N. . . 30S
Pennington, A. C. M.. Major and B\ i.
Colonel U.S.A 309
Pi ick, A. M., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. 310
Pennypacker, G., Colonel and Bvt.
Major-Generai U.S.A 311
Penrose, T. N., Medical Inspector
U.S.N 312
Perkins, G. H., Captain U.s.N. . . . 313
Phelps, S. L., Lieutenant-Commander
U.S X 3.4
Phelps, T. S., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . 315
Philip, J. W., Captain U.S.N 316
Poole, DeW. C, Major U.S.A 317
Porter, D. D., Admiral U.S.N. . . . 318
Porter, Fitz-John, Colonel and Bvt.
Brigadier-General U.S.A 319
Porter, W. D., Commodore U.S N. . . 320
Potter, E. E., Captain U.S.N 321
Potter, I. II., Brigadier-General
I S.A. ' 322
Powell, C F., Captain U.S.A 323
Powell, W. II., Lieutenant-Colonel
U.S.A . 324
Preble, G. H., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . 325
Pru 1 . «'. K . M vjor U.S.A 326
INDEX.
PAGE
Pulford, J., Colonel U.S. A 327
Purington, G. A., Major U.S.A. . . . 328
Quackenbush, S. P., Rear-Admiral
U.S.N 329
Ramsay, F. M., Commodore U.S.N. . . 330
Rawles, J. B., Major U.S. A 331
Rawlins, J. A., Brigadier- and Bvt.
Major General, U.S. A 332
Rawolle, W. C, Captain U.S.A. . . 332
Ray, P. H., Captain U.S.A 334
Reed, A. V., Captain U.S.N 335
Remey, G. C, Captain U.S.N. .... 336
-Remey, W. B., Colonel U.S.M.C. ... 337
Reynolds, J. F., Colonel U.S.A. . . . 338
Rhoades, W. W., Lieutenant-Comman-
der U S.N J^g
Rice, E., Captain and Bvt. Lieu 1 enant-
Colonel U.S.A 340
Ritner, I. N., Chaplain U.S.A 341
RlTTENHOl SE, I!. 1 . CAPTAIN AND ]\\ 1.
Major U.S.A 483
Ritzius, H. P., Captain U.S.A 342
Roberts, J., Colonel and Bvt. Briga-
dier-General U.S.A ;4 5
Robinson, J. C, Major-General U.S.A. 344
Rockwell, C. II., Commander U.S.N. . 345
Rodenbough, T. F., Colonel and Bvt.
Brigadier-General U.S.A ^40
Rodoers, C R. p., Rear-Admiral
U.S.N 347
Rodgers, G. W., Commander U.S.N. . 348
Rodgers, J., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . 149
Rodney, R. B., Paymaster U.S.N. . . 350
Roe, F. A., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . . 351
Rogers, W. P., Captain U.S.A 352
Romeyn, H., Captain U.S.A 353
Rowan, S. C, Vice-Admiral U.S.N. . 354
Rucker, W. A., Colonel U.S.A. . . . 555
Ruger, T. H., Brigadier-Generai
U.S.A 351,
Ruggles, G. D., Colonel and Bvt.
Brigadier-General U.S.A 357
Runkle, B. P., Major and Bvt. Colonel
U.S.A 358
Russell, a. W., Pay-Director U.S.N. 359
Russell, G., Major U.S.A y.o
Rutherford, R. G., First Lieutenant
\nh Bvt. rir ain U.S.A 301
Sampson, W. T., Captain U.S.N. . . . 362
Savage, E. B., Captain U.S.A 363
Sawtelle, C. G., Lieutenant-Coloni l
and Bvt. Brigadier-General U.S.A. 364
Saxton, R., Colonel and Bvt. Major-
General U.S.A 365
Schenck, J. F., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . 366
Schley, W. S., Captain U.S.N 367
Schofield, J. M., Major-general
U.S.A. . • 36S
Schwenk, S. K., Captain and Bvt. Lieu-
tenant-Colonel, U.S.A 484
Scott, W., Lieutenant-General U.S.A. -09
Scully, J. W., Maior and Bvt. Colonel
U.S.A ;;o
Sears, C. B, Captain U.S.A 371
Seeley, F. W., Captain 372
Selfridge, Jr., T. O., Captain U.S.N. . 373
Shaw, R. G, Captain U.S.A 374
Shepherd, O. L., Colonel and Bvt.
Brigadier-General U.S.A 375
Sheridan, P. H., General U.S.A. . . 376
Sherman, W. T., General U.S.A. . . . 377
487
PAGE
Shippen, E., Medical Director U.S.N. 378
Shock, W. H., Chief Engineer U.S.N. 379
Shorkley, G., Captain and Bvt. Ma [or
U-S.A . ,8o
Shufei.dt, R. W., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. :;Si
Shuri.y, E. R. P., First Lieutenant
and Bvt. Captain U.S.A 5S2
Simpson, E., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . . 383
Simpson, J. F., Captain U.S.A 384
Small, M. I'., Lieutenant-Coi onel and
Bvt. Brigadier-General U.S.A. . 3S5
Smedrerg, W. R., Captain and Bvt.
Lieutenant-Colonel U.S.A 3S6
Smith, C. H., Colonel and Bvt. Major-
General U.S.A . 3S7
Smith, F. G., Major U.S.A 3SS
Smith, F. R., Commander U.S.N.. . . 3S9
Smith, II. E., Captain \nd B\ i. Major
U.S.A J9o
Smith. J. E., Colonel and Bvt. M \jor-
Gener vi. U.S.A . 5gl
Smith, T. R., Colonel U.S.A 592
Smith, M., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . . . 593
Snyder, J. A., Captain U.S.A 594
Spear, J. C, Medical Inspector U.S.N. 395
Stanley, D. S., Brigadier- General
U.S.A 396
Stanton, O. F., Commodore U.S.N. . . 397
Steedman, C, Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . 398
Stembel, R. N., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. 399
Sternberg, G. M., Lieutenant Colo-
nel U.S.A 400
Stevens, T. IL, Rear-Admiral U.S.N. 401
Stevenson, J. H., Pay-Inspector U.S.N. 402
Stewart, E., Paymaster - General
U.S.N 403
Stirling, Y., Commander U.S.N. . . 404
Stivers, E. J., Captain U.S.A 405
Stone, E. \V., Colonel U.S A 406
Stringham, S. H., Rear-Admiral
I S.N 407
Sturgeon, S., Captain and Bvt. Lieu-
tenant-Colonel U.S.A 40S
Sturgis, S. D., Colonel U.S.A. . . . 409
Sumner, E. V., Major-General U.S.A. 410
Sutherland, (.'., Brigadier-General
U.S.A 411
Swaim, D. G, Brigadier-General
U.S.A 412
Swaine, P. T., Colonel U.S.A 413
Swayne, W., Colonel and Bvt. M \ 1 1 -
General U.S.A 414
Sweeny, T. YV., Brigadier-Generai
U S.A 415
Sweet, O. J., Captain U.S. .A 410
Sweitzer, N. B., Colonel and Bvt.
Brigadier-General U.S.A 417
Tarbell, J. F., Paymaster U.S.N. . . . 41S
Taylor, A. H. M., First Lieutenant
U.S.A 419
Taylor, J. V., Medical Director
U.S.N 420
Terry, A. PL, Major General U.S.A. . 421
Terry, S. W., Commander U.S.N. . . 422
Thatcher, H. K., Rear-Admiral
U.S.N 423
Thomas, G. IL, Major-General U.S.A. 424
Thomas, H. G., Major and Bvt. Briga-
dier-General U.S.A 425
Thompson, J. M., Captain U.S.A. . . . 420
Tidball, J. C., Colonel and Bvt. Briga-
PAtiE
Townsend.F., Bvt. Brigadier-General 4^9
A., Major and Bvt. Colonel
U.S.A 4
Tracy, B. I ry of the Navy 431
Trenchard, S. D., Rear-Admirai
U.S.N
Truxtun, \V. T., Commodore U.Sn' 4"
Tipper, T. C, Major U.S.A. ... 4^4
Turner, T., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. . . 435
Upiiam, J. J., C NEL U.S.A
Upton, I'.., Lieuti n vnt-Colonei. and
Bvt. M ijor-i ii-.NKKAi. U.S.A. .
436
437
dier-General U.S.A 427
Tilford, J. G., Colonel U.S.A 42S . Zeilin, J., Brigadier-General U.S.M.C.
Wainwrigh r, J. M., Commander U.S.N.
Walke, IL, Rear-Admiral U.S.N.
Walker, j. G., Commodore U.S.N. .
Ward, G."S L., Captain U.S.A. .
Warren, G. K., Lieutenant-Colonel
\nd Bvt. Major-General U.S.A.
Watson, J. C. Captain U.S N. . . .
Wedemeyer, W. G., Major U.S.A.
Wheaton, C, Captain U.S.A
Wheaton, I.., Major and Bvt. Lieu-
tenant-Colonel U.S.A
Whipple, A. W., Major and Bvt. Ma-
jor-General U.S.A
Whipple, W. D., Colonel and Bvt. M 1-
ior-General U.S.A
White, C. PL, Medical Inspi i
U.S.N
White, J. C, Captain U.S.A
Whitehouse, E. N., Paymaster U.S.N.
Whiteside, S. M., Major U.S.A. . .
Wilhelm, T., Captain and Bvt. Major
U.S.A
Wilkes, C, Rear-Admiral U.S.N. .
Willcox, O. B., Brigadier and Bvt. M \-
jor-General U.S.A
Williams, W. W., Pay-Director U.S.N.
Wilson, B., Captain U.S.N
Wilson, G. S., Captain U.S.A
Wilson, J. M., Colonel U.S.A
Wilson, T. D., Commodore U.S.N. .
Wiltse, G. C, Captain U.S.N. . . .
Wingate, G. E., Commander U.S.N. .
Winsi ow, G. F . Passed Assistant Sur-
geon U.S.N
Winslow, J. A., Rear-Admiral U.S.N.
Wise, W. C, Commander U.S.N. . .
Wister, F., Captain U.S.A
Witherei.l. C. T., Captain and Bvt.
Maior U.S.A.
Wood, E. E., Captain U.S.A
Wood, G. W., Commander U.S.N. . .
Wood, H. C, Lieutenant-Colonel and
Bvt. Colonel U.S.A
Wooo, T. J., Brigadier-General and
Bvt. Major-General U.S.A
WooDiui 1 . A. A., Major and Bvt. Lieu-
tenant-Colonel U.S.A
Woodruff, C. A., Captain U.S.A. . .
Woodward, E. T., Commander U.S.N. .
Woodward. G. A., Colonel U.S.A. . .
Worden, J. L., Rear-Admiral U.S.N. .
THE END.
OCT --