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OFFICERS 


OF  THE 


ARMY   AND    NAVY 


(REGULAR) 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL  WAR. 


EDITED   BY 

MAJOR  WILLIAM   H.   POWELL,  U.  S.  ARMY, 

AND 

MEDICAL-DIRECTOR   EDWARD  SHIPPEN,  U.  S.  NAVY. 


PUBLISHED   BY 

L.  R.  HAMERSLY  &   CO., 

PHILADELPHIA,    PA. 

I  8  0  2. 


No. 


762 


?«1 


COPYRIGHT,    1S92,    BY    L.  R.   HAMERSLV    &    Co. 


Printed  by  J.  B.  Lippincott  Company,  Philadelphia. 


/ 


PREFACE. 


The  thought  which  inspired  the  publication  of  this  volume  was  that  of  gathering  together,  in 
one  work,  the  faces  and  life-sketches  of  as  many  as  possible  of  the  officers  of  the  Regular  Army 
and  Navy  who  served  during  the  Civil  War,  not  that  they  themselves  might  view  their  own  pictures 
and  records,  but  that  future  generations  might  read  with  pride  of  the  part  their  ancestors  played, 
and  look  with  pleasure  on  the  faces  of  those  who  acted  in  the  great  tragedy  for  the  preservation 
of  our  noble  and  powerful  republic,  at  a  time  when  its  existence  as  a  single  government  seemed 
about  to  terminate. 

The  volume  contains  not  only  the  pictures  and  sketches  of  the  greatest  of  our  generals  and 
admirals,  but  those  of  men  who  did  their  part  in  the  great  struggle,  whether  with  sword  or 
rifle,  although  of  a  minor  character,  and  who  will  feel  proud  of  occupying  places  beside  those 
of  such  great  distinction  as  Grant,  Farragut,  Sherman,  Porter,  Sheridan,  and  others. 

Old  comrades,  who  have  not  met  for  years,  will  also  be  pleased  to  see  how  Time  is  dealing 
with  the  living,  and  will  gaze  with  fondness  on  the  faces  of  those  who  no  longer  respond  to  the 
bugle's  call,   or  have  sailed  to  "unknown  seas." 


OFFICERS    OF    THE   ARMY   AND   NAVY 


(REGULAR) 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL  WAR. 


REAR-ADMIRAL  JAMES  ALDEN,  U.S.N. 

Iames  Alden  was  born  in  Maine.  Appointed  mid- 
shipman from  same  State  April  i,  [828.  Promoted  to 
passed  midshipman  June  14,  1834;  Navy- Yard,  Boston, 
1835;  exploring  expedition  around  the  world  1838-42. 
Commissioned  as  lieutenant  February  25,  1841  ;  Naval 
Station,  Boston,  1843  ;  frigate  "  Constitution,"  around  the 
world,  second  time,  1 844-46  ;  while  attached  to  this  vessel, 
commanded  a  boat  expedition  ami  cut  out  several  war- 
junks  from  under  the  guns  of  the  fort  at  Zuron  Bay, 
Cochin-China ;  Home  Squadron  during  Mexican  war 
present  at  the  capture  of  Vera  Cruz,  Tuspan,  and  Tobasco 
Naval  Station,  Boston,  1847;  Coast  Survey,  1848-60 
made  a  reconnoissance  of  all  the  West  coast.  In  the 
winter  of  1855-56,  during  the  Indian  war  in  Puget  Sound, 
volunteered  with  the  surveying  steamer  "Active,"  to  co- 
operate with  the  army,  and  rendered  important  aid  in 
bringing  the  war  to  a  close  ;  by  his  timely  arrival  in  the 
spring  of  the  same  year,  at  San  Juan  Island,  prevented  a 
collision  between  the  British  naval  forces  and  the  United 
States  troops ;  assisted  in  landing  troops  enough  to  hold 
the  island  in  dispute  against  the  threatened  attack  of  the 
British.  Commissioned  as  commander  September  14, 
1855  ;  commanding  the  steamer"  South  Carolina,"  at  the 
commencement  of  the  Rebellion,  May,  1861  ;  reinforced 
Fort  Pickens,  while  blockading  Galveston,  Texas;  had  a 
fight  with  the  batteries  in  the  rear  of  the  city  ;  while  there, 
captured  thirteen  schooners  laden  with  merchandise; 
commanded  sloop  "  Richmond,"  at  the  passage  of  Forts 
Jackson  and  St.  Philip,  and  the  engagement  with  Chal- 
mette  batteries  and  defences  of  New  Orleans ;  passage 
of  Vicksburg  batteries  twice;  Port  Hudson,  1862-63. 
Commissioned  as  captain  January  2,  1863;  commanded 


steam-sloop"  Brooklyn,"  in  the  action  with  Forts  Morgan 
and  Gaines,  and  the  rebel  gunboats  in  Mobile  Bay ;  com- 
manded in  two  attacks  on  Fort  Fisher.  Captain  Alden 
took  a  prominent  part  in  all  the  great  naval  battles  of  the 
war,  and  was  handsomely  mentioned  in  the  official  re- 
ports. Commissioned  as  commodore  July  25,  1866; 
commanding  steam-sloop  "  Susquehanna,"  special  service, 
1867;  commanding  steam-frigate  "Minnesota,"  special 
service,  1867-68;  commandant  Navy-Yard,  Mare  Island, 
California,  1868-69;  chief  of  Bureau  of  Navigation  and 
Detail,  Navy  Department,  1869-71.  Promoted  to  rear- 
admiral  1 871;  commanding  European  Squadron  1872. 
Retired  1873.     Died  1877. 

5 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


REAR-ADMIRAL  Ji  >HN  J.  AI.MY.  U.S.N. 

John  J.  Ai  \n  was  born  in  Rhode  Island  in  [815,  and 
appointed  a  midshipman  at  fourteen.  After  a  cruise  in 
the  Mediterranean,  and  another  on  the  coast  of  Brazil, 
he  was  promoted  passed  midshipman  [835.  After  serv- 
ing in  the  receiving  ship  "  New  York"  he  was  attached 
to  the  "  Cyane,"  in  the  Mediterranean,  as  acting-master 
and  navigator,  for  three  years.  In  March,  1 841,  he  was 
commissioned  as  lieutenant,  and  served  in  the  West  Indies 
and  on  the  coast  of  Africa.  He  was  next  attached  to  the 
"  <  >hio,"  74,  in  the  Gulf  of  Mexico  and  the  Pacific, 
during  the  Mexican  war.  lie  was  at  the  siege  ami 
capture  of  Vera  Cruz,  and  the  capture  of  Tuspan.  In 
the  latter  part  of  the  war,  1  848,  he  commanded  one  of 
the  forts  at  Mazatlan,  during  the  occupation  by  the  navy. 
Following  this  came  a  service  of  five  years  upon  the 
coast  survey  ;  and  then  he  was  ordered  to  command  the 
"  Fulton,"  during  the  operations  on  the  coast  of  Central 
America,  consequent  upon  General  Walker's  doings  in 
that  region.  Walker  surrendered  to  Rear-Admiral  Pauld- 
ing on  board  the  "  Fulton,"  at  Nicaragua.  The  admiral 
complimented  Lieutenant  Almy  very  highly,  saying, 
"  He  performed  his  part  of  the  work  exceedingly  well. 
and  is  an  officer  who  can  he  relied  upon  at  all  times." 
Lieutenant  Almy  then  commanded  the  "  Fulton,"  in  the 
Paraguay  Expedition,  and,  upon  her  return,  was  attached 


to  the  New  York  Navy-Yrard.  He  was  made  commander 
in  April,  1861,  as  the  civil  war  broke  out.  He  was  then 
constantly  in  command  on  the  Atlantic  coast.  While 
commanding  the  "  Connecticut,"  he  captured  and  sent  in 
four  noted  blockade-running  steamers,  with  valuable  car- 
goes.    He  ran  ashore  and  destroyed  four  others. 

Commissioned  as  captain  March,  1865.  Commanded 
the  "Juniata,"  in  a  cruise  to  the  coast  of  Africa  and  the 
coast  of  Brazil.  While  on  the  coast  of  Brazil  he  rescued 
the  Brazilian  brig  "Americo"  and  her  crew  from  ship- 
wreck. The  service  was  attended  with  great  danger,  and 
for  it  he  was  thanked  by  the  Emperor  of  Brazil,  the  late 
Dom  Pedro.  In  1868-69  Captain  Almy  was  on  ordnance 
duty  at  Navy- Yard,  New  York.  In  December,  1869,  he 
was  commissioned  commodore,  and  served  for  two  years 
as  chief  signal  officer  of  the  navy,  at  Washington.  Com- 
missioned as  rear-admiral  August,  1873,  and  at  once  was 
ordered  to  the  command  of  the  U.  S.  naval  forces  in  the 
Pacific.  While  at  Panama,  in  October,  1873,  a  serious 
revolution  occurred.  The  city  of  Panama  and  the  Panama 
Railroad  were  in  imminent  danger  of  being  destroyed. 
Admiral  Almy  landed  a  force  of  men,  under  competent 
officers,  and  afforded  efficient  protection  to  European  as 
well  as  American  citizens,  and  preserved  the  communi- 
cation intact.  At  that  time  he  had  only  the  "  Pensacola" 
and  the  "  Benicia"  at  hand,  in  Panama.  Passengers, 
freight,  and  specie  passed  over  the  road  without  molesta- 
tion ;  and,  when  quiet  was  restored,  Rear-Admiral  Almy 
received  the  thanks  of  the  Panama  Company,  the  Pacific 
Mail  Company,  and  of  all  the  consuls  and  the  foreign 
merchants  at  Panama.  In  1875,  while  in  command  of 
the  Pacific  Squadron,  Rear-Admiral  Almy  was  presented 
by  his  Majesty  King  Kalakaua,  of  the  Hawaiian  Islands, 
with  the  Order  of  King  Kamehameha  I  ,  in  apprecia- 
tion of  courtesies  and  attentions  bestowed  upon  his 
Majesty  during  his  journey  to  the  United  States,  when 
the  king  and  his  suite  were  conveyed  to  and  fro  in  ves- 
sels of  the  squadron  under  the  rear-admiral's  command. 
Rear-Admiral  Almy  returned  from  his  command  of  nearly 
three  years,  in  the  Pacific,  in  July,  1870.  In  April,  1877, 
he  was  retired,  under  the  operation  of  law. 

He  performed,  altogether,  twenty-seven  years  and  ten 
months  sea-service, — the  largest  amount,  up  to  this  time, 
credited  to  any  officer  of  the  navy.  His  shore  or  other 
duty  was  fourteen  years  and  eight  months. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


CAPTAIN   LUTHER   S.   AMES. 

Captain  Luther  S.  AMEs(Second  Infantry)  was  born  in 
Plattsburgh,  New  York,  and  entered  the  volunteer  service 
during  the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  serving  as  private,  quar- 
termaster-sergeant, and  sergeant-major  from  September, 
1 86 1 ,  to  December,  1S63,  participating  in  the  campaigns 
of  the  Army  of  the  West,  and  was  engaged  in  the  capture 
of  New  Madrid,  Island  No.  10,  and  Corinth,  Mississippi, 
and  the  pursuit  of  the  rebel  General  Beauregard  ;  also  the 
battles  of  Iukaand  Corinth,  Mississippi,  October,  1862. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  and  made  regimental 
quartermaster  of  the  Sixty-fourth  Illinois  Infantry,  De- 
cember 10,  1863.  He  was  also  acting  adjutant  of  his 
regiment  during  the  Atlanta  campaign,  and  was  engaged 
in  the  battles  of  Resaca,  Dallas,  Kenesaw  Mountain, 
Nickajack  Creek,  Georgia,  and  those  in  front  of  Atlanta 
of  the  22d  and  28th  of  July,  1864. 

He  was  promoted  captain  of  his  regiment  July  17, 
1864,  and  participated  in  the  Atlanta  campaign,  being 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  Jonesboro',  Georgia,  the  capture 
of  Atlanta,  and  the  pursuit  of  the  rebel  General  Hood 
into  Northern  Alabama.  He  also  participated  in  General 
Sherman's  "  March  to  the  Sea,"  and  the  Carolina  cam- 
paigns, being  engaged  at  Pocotaligo,  Salkehatchie  River, 
and  the  capture  of  Columbia,  South  Carolina,  in  February, 
1865. 

Captain  Ames  performed  the  duties  of  acting  assistant 
adjutant-general  of  the  First  Brigade,  First  Division, 
Seventeenth  Army  Corps,  from  February,  1 865, and  was 
in  the  engagements  at  Cheraw,  South  Carolina,  Benton- 
ville,  North  Carolina,  and  the  capture  of  Goldsboro'  and 
Raleigh,  North  Carolina,  and  present  at  the  surrender  of 
the  rebel  General  Johnston  and  his  arm}'.  He  accom- 
panied the  troops  on  the  march  from  Raleigh  to  Wash- 
ington, D.  C,  participating  in  the  grand  review  at  that 
place  in  May,  1865.  He  then  occupied  the  position  of 
commissary  of  subsistence  of  the  First  Division,  Seven- 
teenth Corps,  to  Jul}-  1  1,  1865,  when  he  was  honorably 
mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service,  at  Louisville, 
Kentucky. 

Captain  Ames  was  appointed  to  the  regular  service  as 
a  second  lieutenant  of  the  Sixteenth  Infantry,  to  date 
from  May  11,  1866,  but  did  not  accept  the  same  until 


October  13,  1866,  when  he  joined  his  regiment  and 
served  as  acting  assistant  quartermaster  and  acting  com- 
missary of  subsistence  at  Augusta,  Georgia,  until  October, 
1867.  He  was  employed  in  Georgia,  Alabama,  and 
Florida  during  "  reconstruction,"  and  was  transferred, 
upon  the  consolidation  of  regiments,  to  the  Second  In- 
fantry April  17,  1869.  He  was  promoted  first  lieu- 
tenant March  18,  1872,  and  was  ordered  with  his  regi- 
ment to  the  Department  of  the  Columbia  in  July,  1877. 
While  there  he  served  as  acting  assistant  quartermaster 
and  acting  commissar}'  of  subsistence  at  Fort  Coeur 
d'Alene,  Idaho,  building  the  post,  from  January  to  Octo- 
ber, 1879.  Being  transferred  to  Fort  Spokane,  Washing- 
ton, he  performed  the  same  staff  duties,  and  was  engaged 
in  the  construction  of  that  post  from  November,  1882, 
to  April,  1885.  He  then  commanded  a  company  and  the 
post  of  Fort  Townsend,  Washington,  from  August  to 
November,  1885. 

Captain  Ames's  regiment  was  transferred  to  the  Depart- 
ment of  the  Platte  in  July,  1886,  and  was  stationed  at 
Omaha,  Nebraska.  While  serving  there  he  participated 
in  the  Sioux  campaign  in  South  Dakota  during  the 
winter  of  1890-91.  He  was  promoted  captain  February 
27,  1887,  and  detailed  on  general  recruiting  service  at 
Albany,  New  York,  from  October  1,  1891,  at  which 
place  he  is  at  present  on  duty. 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  {regular) 


REAR-ADMIRAL   DANlhL   AMMF.N.  U.S.N. 

Rear-Admiral  Daniel  Ammen  comes  from  Swiss 
lineage,  but  his  ancestors  emigrated  to  tin's  country  sev- 
eral generations  ago.  His  parents  went  from  Botetourt 
County,  Virginia, to  Brown  County,  <  >hio,  in  1816.  The 
subject  of  this  sketch  was  there  born  May  15,  1820,  and 
entered  the  navy  as  a  midshipman  in  1836.  In  his  book, 
"The  Old  Navy  and  the  New,"  he  gives  some  amusing 
reminiscences  of  his  first  experiences,  so  different  from 
the  present  day  when  the  Naval  School  moulds  all  into 
one  form,  at  least  externally. 

Ammen  served  through  the  various  grades  to  rear- 
admiral,  and  retired  in  1878,  by  request,  under  the  act 
authorizing  such  a  step  after  forty  years  or  more  of 
consecutive  service.  1  lis  foreign  service  was  in  the  Gulf 
of  Mexico;  on  the  coast  of  Labrador;  in  the  Mediter- 
ranean; on  the  survey  of  the  river  Paraguay;  on  the 
coast  of  Brazil ;  on  the  Pacific  station, — anil  twice  on  the 
Asiatic  station, — making  twenty-one  years  afloat. 

In  his  long  service  Admiral  Ammen  has  passed  through 
many  exciting  and  memorable  scenes.  During  the  civil 
war  he  was  executive  officer  of  the  frigate  "  Roanoke;" 
commanded  the  "Seneca"  in  the  fight  at  Port  Royal  ;  at 
Tybee  Island  ;  commanded  at  Port  Royal  Ferry  ;  in  the 
expedition  against  Fernandina.  Commander,  February 
21,  1863.  Commanded  monitor  "  Patapsco"  against  Fort 
McAllister,  and  attack  on  Sumter  of  April  7,  1S63. 

In  May,  1864,  Commander  Ammen  sailed  for  the 
Isthmus  of  Panama  in  the  California  passenger  steamer 
"  Ocean  Queen"  with  a  draft  of  two  hundred  and  twenty 
seamen  for  the  Pacific  station.  An  organized  mutiny  by 
these  men  occurred  on  board  a  steamer  with  women  and 
children  on  board,  and  a  full  passenger-list;  but  Com- 
mander Ammen,  assisted  by  Boatswain  Bell,  the  only  aid 
assigned  him,  and  with  the  excellent  co-operation  of  the 
captain  of  the  "  ( )cean  Queen,"  Tinklepaugh,  put  a  sudden 
stop  to  the  business.      Commander  Ammen    shot   one  of 


the  leading  mutineers,  and  another  was  killed  by  his 
assistants  in  the  repression  of  the  mutiny.  At  the  close 
of  the  civil  war  Captain  Ammen  designed  the  "Ammen 
balsa,"  for  landing  troops  and  field  artillery  on  exposed 
beaches,  and  also  a  life-raft  for  steamers.  As  Chief  of 
the  Bureau  of  Navigation  he  had  a  signal-book  com- 
piled, of  great  excellence;  and  promoted  the  use  of  the 
dynamometer  of  Sir  William  Thomson,  improved  by  the 
present  Admiral  Belknap,  which,  with  the  use  of  wire, 
instead  of  hemp,  enabled  correct  soundings  to  be  made 
in  the  deepest  seas.  Some  years  ago  a  Naval  Advisory 
Hoard  recommended  the  adoption  of  Admiral  Ammen's 
plans  and  calculations  for  a  marine  ram,  and,  under  a 
recent  appropriation,  one  is  now  read)-  for  launching,  at 
Path,  Maine.  When  President  Grant,  in  1872,  appointed 
a  commission  to  examine  into,  and  report  upon,  Isthmian 
Canal  matters,  Ammen  was  made  the  junior  member. 
The  committee  reported  in  1876,  quite  satisfied  that  the 
Nicaragua  Canal  route  was  preferable  to  any  other. 
Further  developments  have  only  served  to  increase  the 
estimate  of  its  commercial  value,  and  in  regard  to  its 
economic  maintenance.  Under  instructions  from  Presi- 
dent Hayes,  Ammen  attended  the  (so-called)  Paris  Canal 
Congress,  in  May,  1879,  a  report  of  the  proceedings  of 
which  he  made  to  the  State  Department.  In  1880  he 
wrote  an  article  on  the  Panama  Canal,  which  was  pub- 
lished in  the  North  American  Review,  contesting  the  po- 
sition of  M.  de  Lesseps  in  his  article  upon  the  subject 
in  the  previous  number.  The  correctness  of  Ammen's 
assertions  time  has  established.  In  January,  1890,  Ad- 
miral Ammen  visited  Nicaragua,  and  was  received  there, 
by  all  parties  and  persons,  with  distinguished  attention. 
In  all  his  exertions  in  behalf  of  the  construction  of  the 
canal  there,  he  has  endeavored  to  secure  a  rigid  and  honest 
management,  and  to  protect  both  the  government  and  the 
canal  company  against  stock-gamblers  and  other  persons 
disposed  to  make  prey  of  it.  Admiral  Ammen  is  the  au- 
thor of"  The  Atlantic  Coast  during  the  Civil  War"  (Serib- 
ner's  War  Series),  ami  "  The  Old  Navy  and  the  New"  (Lip- 
pincott,  Philadelphia),  which  is  a  history  of  the  progressive 
changes  in  naval  architecture,  armament,  and  propulsion 
during  the  past  half-century.  It  has  an  appendix  con- 
taining a  number  of  most  interesting  letters  from  General 
Grant,  written  while  the  latter  was  making  the  tour  of  the 
world.  Admiral  Ammen  and  General  Grant  were  neigh- 
bors in  boyhood,  and  always  remained  friends,  widely  as 
their  paths  in  life  diverged.  When  mere  lads,  Ammen 
saved  Grant  from  drowning,  and,  years  after,  General 
Grant,  in  writing  to  Ammen  from  Nice,  December,  1877, 
speaks  of  the  incident,  saying,  jocosely,  "...  you  res- 
cued me  from  a  watery  grave.  I  am  of  a  forgiving  nature, 
however,  and  forgive  you, — but  is  the  feeling  universal  ? 
If  the  Democrats  get  into  full  power,  may  they  not  hold 
you  responsible  ?  " 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


CAPTAIN  JOHN  ANDERSON. 

Captain  John  Anderson  (Eighteenth  Infantry)  was 
born  in  Monson,  Massachusetts,  and  entered  the  military 
service  as  a  private  in  Company  E,  of  the  First  Michigan 
Sharpshooters,  January  5,  1863,  serving  with  that  regi- 
ment until  appointed  a  second  lieutenant  of  the  Fifty- 
seventh  Massachusetts  Volunteers,  when  his  regiment 
was  attached  to  the  First  Brigade,  First  Division  of  the 
Ninth  Army  Corps,  participating  in  the  campaign  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  commanded  Company  E  of 
his  regiment  through  the  Wilderness  campaign,  engaging 
in  the  battles  of  the  Wilderness,  Spottsylvania,  North 
Anna  River,  Cold  Harbor,  and  in  the  charge  upon  the 
rebel  works  around  Petersburg,  Virginia,  June  16-18, 
1864.  He  then  served  in  the  trenches  before  Petersburg 
during  the  siege,  and  participated  in  the  Mine  Explosion, 
July  30,  1864,  where  he  was  wounded. 

He  was  discharged  for  disability  arising  from  his 
wounds,  January  21,  1865,  but  was  appointed  second 
lieutenant  of  the  Twentieth  Regiment  of  the  Veteran 
Reserve  Corps,  March  25,  1865,  serving  at  Wheeling, 
West  Virginia,  in  connection  with  mustering  out  West 
Virginia  volunteers  to  November,  1865,  and  in  Tennessee, 
Georgia,  and  South  Carolina  during  "  reconstruction," 
until  honorably  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service,  ; 
June  30,  1866. 

He  was  brevetted  a  first  lieutenant  of  volunteers,  March 
13th,  1865,  for  gallant  ami  meritorious  services  in  the 
battles  before  Petersburg,  and  a  captain  of  the  same  date 
for  the  same  occasion. 

Captain  Anderson  entered  the  regular  service  by  ap- 
pointment as  second  lieutenant  of  the  Twenty-fifth  U.  S. 
Infantry,  August  IO,  1867,  and  served  as  quartermaster 
and  commissary  at  Columbia,  Newberry,  and  Greenville, 


South  Carolina,  and  was  transferred  to  the  Eighteenth 
Infantry,  April  26,  1869.  He  was  promoted  first  lieu- 
tenant, October  17,  1878,  and  served  in  his  regiment 
until  April,  1879,  when  he  moved  with  it  to  Fort  Assin- 
aboine,  Montana,  participating  in  the  campaign  in  North- 
ern Montana  against  Sioux  Indians  under  Sitting  Bull 
and  Gall,  during  the  months  of  January  and  February, 
1881.  His  regiment  was  transferred  to  the  Indian  Terri- 
tory in  [885,  and  while  on  duty  at  Fort  Gibson  he  was 
made  regimental  quartermaster,  to  date  from  November, 
1889. 

The  regiment  subsequently  moved  to  Texas,  and  he 
was  stationed  with  the  head-quarters  at  Fort  Clark  until 
promoted  a  captain,  June  21,  1890,  when  he  was  relieved 
as  quartermaster  and  joined  his  company. 


IO 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   XAVY  [Regular) 


BRIGADIER  AND  BREVET  MAJOR-GENERAL 
ROBERT  ANDERSON. 

Brigadier  and  Brevet  Major-General  Robert  An- 
derson (deceased)  was  born  in  Kentucky,  and  graduated 

at  the  Military  Academy,  July  i,  1825.  He  was  pro- 
moted brevet  second  lieutenant  and  second  lieutenant 
Third  Artillery  the  same  day.  lie  served  as  private 
secretary  to  the  U.  S.  Minister  Plenipotentiary  and  Envoy 
Extraordinary  to  the  Republic  of  Columbia  from  October, 
1825,  to  July,  1826,  when  he  was  ordered  to  the  Artillery 
School  at  Fort  Monroe,  remaining  there  until  1828,  and 
on  ordnance  duty  to  May  9,  1832.  He  was  then  ap- 
pointed colonel  of  staff  (assistant  inspector-general)  of 
Illinois  volunteers,  and  was  in  the  campaign  against  the 
Sac  Indians,  under  Black  Hawk,  being  engaged  in  the 
battle  of  Bad  Axe,  August  2,  1832.  He  was  promoted 
first  lieutenant,  June  30,  1833,  and  was  in  garrison  at 
Fort  Constitution,  New  Hampshire,  until  1  S 3 5 ,  when  he 
was  detailed  at  the  Military  Academy,  as  assistant  in- 
structor of  artillery,  to  December,  1835,  and  instructor  of 
artillery  to  November  6,  1 837. 

Lieutenant  Anderson  participated  in  the  Florida  War 
against  the  Seminole  Indians  in  1837-38,  and  was  engaged 
in  the  action  of  Locha-Hatchee,  January  24.  capture  of 
forty-five  Indians  near  Fort  Lauderdale  (in  command), 
April  2,  and  skirmish  in  the  Everglades,  April  24,  1838, 
for  which  services  he  was  brevetted  captain. 

Captain  Anderson  served  in  the  Cherokee  Nation,  as 
aide-de-camp  to  Major-General  Scott,  from  May  to  July, 
1838,  while  emigrating  the  Indians  to  the  West.  I  le  was 
brevet  captain  of  staff  (assistant  adjutant-general),  from 
July  7,  [838,  to  November  30,  1841,  and  served  as 
such  in  the  eastern  department.  He  was  promoted  cap- 
tain Third  Artillery,  October  23,  1841,  and  was  on  a 
board  of  officers  to  examine  his  translation  of  "  Instruc- 


tions for  Field- Artillery"  to  1845,  and  then  was  stationed 
in  South  Carolina  and  Florida  until  the  commencement  of 
the  war  with  Mexico,  in  which  he  participated,  and  was 
engaged  in  the  siege  of  Vera  Cruz,  battle  of  Cerro  Gordo, 
skirmish  of  Amazoque,  and  battle  of  Molino  del  Rey, 
September  8,  1S47,  where  he  was  severely  wounded  in 
the  assault  of  the  enemy's  work's,  and  on  account  of 
wounds  was  granted  sick-leave  until  1848,  when  we  find 
him  on  duty  at  Fort  Preble,  Maine.  He  was  a  member 
of  a  board  of  officers,  in  1849-51,  to  devise  "A  Com- 
plete System  of  Instruction  for  Siege,  Garrison,  Sea-coast, 
ami  Mountain  Artillery,"  which  was  adopted  Ma)-  IO, 
185  1,  for  the  service  of  the  United  States. 

Captain  Anderson  was  brevetted  major,  for  "  gallant 
and  meritorious  conduct  in  the  battle  of  Molino  del  Rey, 
Mexico."  He  was  governor  of  the  Harrodsburg  Branch 
Military  Asylum,  Kentucky,  in  1853-54;  member  ofboard 
for  the  armament  of  fortifications,  1854-55  ;  inspector  of 
iron-work  manufactured  at  Trenton,  New  Jersey,  for  pub- 
lic buildings  constructed  under  the  Treasury  Department, 
1855-59;  member  of  a  board  to  arrange  the  programme 
of  instruction  at  the  Artillery  School  for  Practice  at  Fort 
Monroe,  Virginia,  in  1859-60,  and  of  the  commission 
created  to  examine  into  the  organization,  system  of  dis- 
cipline, and  course  of  instruction  at  the  Military  Academy, 
to  December  13,  i860,  when  he  was  ordered,  as  major 
of  the  First  Artillery,  to  the  command  of  the  defences 
of  Charleston  Harbor,  South  Carolina. 

At  the  commencement  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion, 
Major  Anderson  transferred  his  garrison  from  Fort  Moul- 
trie to  Fort  Sumter,  which  was  the  first  point  of  attack 
by  the  rebels,  April  13,  1861.  He  sustained  a  heavy 
bombardment  of  the  work,  whose  walls  were  crushed, 
interior  buildings  and  quarters  burned,  and  was  so  dis- 
mantled as  to  compel  him  to  evacuate  it.  He  was  made 
brigadier-general  U.  S.  Army,  May  15,  1861,  and  placed 
in  command  of  the  Department  of  Kentucky,  and  subse- 
quently of  the  Department  of  the  Cumberland,  which  he 
retained  until  October  8,  1861.  He  was  then  on  waiting 
orders  until  1S63,  when  he  was  given  command  of  Fort 
Adams,  Rhode  Island,  and  on  the  27th  of  October,  1S63, 
he  was  retired  from  active  service,  for  disability  resulting 
from  long  and  faithful  service,  and  wounds  and  disease 
contracted  in  the  line  of  duty. 

General  Anderson  was  brevetted  major-general  U.  S. 
Army,  February  3,  1865,  for  "gallant  and  meritorious 
service  in  defence  of  Fort  Sumter,  South  Carolina." 

General  Anderson  served,  alter  being  retired,  on  the 
staff  of  the  general  commanding  the  Department  of  the 
F.ast,  and  died  October  26,  1S71. 

General  Anderson  translated  from  the  French  "  Instruc- 
tions for  Field-Artillery,  Horse  and  Foot,"  for  the  ser- 
vice of  the  United  States,  in  1840  ;  and  "  Evolutions  of 
Field-Batteries,"  i860. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


\  i 


COLONEL  THOMAS  M.  ANDERSON. 

Colonel  Thomas  M.  Anderson  (Fourteenth  Infantry) 
was  born  in  Ohio,  January  21,  1836.  At  the  commence- 
ment of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  he  entered  the  military 
service  as  private  of  Company  A,  Sixth  Ohio  Infantry, 
April  20,  1861.  He  was  discharged  May  15,  1861,  to 
accept  the  appointment  of  second  lieutenant  in  the  Second 
U.  S.  Cavalry,  to  date  from  May  7,  1861,  but  was  in  the 
mean  time  appointed  a  captain  in  the  Twelfth  U.  S.  Infantry, 
to  date  from  May  14,  1861,  which  latter  appointment, 
however,  he  did  not  accept  until  October  8,  1861.  He 
was  in  the  field  with  Pope's  army  and  participated  in  the 
Cedar  Mountain  and  second  Bull  Run  campaigns,  and 
was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Cedar  Mountain  and  second 
Bull  Run  ;  in  the  Maryland  campaign,  and  engaged  in  the 
battle  of  Antietam,  Maryland ;  in  the  Rappahannock 
campaign,  and  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Fredericksburg 
and  Chancellorsville,  Virginia ;  in  the  Wilderness  cam- 
paign of  1864,  commanding  the  Twelfth  Infantry,  and 
engaged  in  the  battles  of  the  Wilderness,  Laurel  Hill, 
and  Spottsylvania  Court-House,  Virginia,  at  which  latter 
place  he  was  severely  wounded  and  compelled  to  leave 
the  field. 

Upon  his  recovery  for  light  duty,  Colonel  Anderson 
was  occupied  in  organizing  the  First  Battalion  of  the  In- 
valid Corps.  He  also  organized  and  mustered  into  ser- 
vice several  regiments  from  rebel  prisoners,  known  as 
the  repentant  rebel  regiments,  and  mustered  out  sixteen 
thousand  paroled  prisoners  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio. 

At  the  conclusion  of  the  war,  he  was  brevetted  major, 
August  1,  1864,  "for  gallant  service  in  the  battle  of  the 
Wilderness;"  lieutenant-colonel,  August  1,  1864,  "for 
gallant  services  in  the  battle  of  Spottsylvania." 

When  the  army  was  reorganized  in  1866,  Colonel 
Anderson  was  transferred  to  the  Twenty-first  Infantry, 
and  was  promoted  major,  March  26,  1S6S.  He  was  then 
ordered  to  Texas,  and  served  at  Fort  Mcintosh  and  Ring- 
gold Barracks,  from  August,  1869,  to  September,  1872, 
during  which  time  he  acted  as  attorney  for  the  United 
States  in  the  Mexican  cattle-claims  cases  on  the  Rio  Grande. 
In  1872  he  was  ordered  to  Vicksburg,  Mississippi,  and 
while  there  was  disbursing  officer  for  the  United  States 
until  1874. 

In  the  consolidation  of  regiments  in  1869,  Colonel 
Anderson  was  unassigned  from  March  15  to  June  24, 
1869,  when  he  was  assigned  to  the  Tenth   Infantry,  and 


was  second  in  command  during  MacKenzie's  Kiowa 
campaign,  in  1874.  He  was  in  command  of  Fort  Mc- 
Kavett  in  1876,  and  of  the  Tenth  Infantry  in  1877-7S. 
He  was  then  ordered  on  general  recruiting  service  as 
commandant  of  Columbus  Barracks,  Ohio,  where  he 
remained  until  October,  1880. 

Having  been  promoted  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Ninth 
Infantry,  March  20,  1879,  he  joined  that  regiment  in 
Nebraska,  and  was  in  command  of  it  from  February,  1882, 
to  June,  1883,  at  which  time  he  was  ordered  to  Fort  Mc- 
Kinney,  Wyoming,  serving  at  that  post,  as  well  as  at 
Forts  Russell  and  Bridger,  to  1885.  He  was  then  ordered 
in  command  of  a  battalion  of  the  Ninth  Infantry  to  Cris- 
field,  Kansas,  in  the  summer  of  1885,  at  a  prospective 
outbreak  of  Indians  in  the  Indian  Territory.  Colonel 
Anderson  was  also  on  an  expedition,  sent  to  Evanston, 
Union  Pacific  Railroad,  to  protect  Chinamen,  during 
September  and  October  of  that  year. 

He  was  promoted  colonel  of  the  Fourteenth  Infantry, 
September  6,  18S6,  and  joined  his  regiment  at  Vancouver 
Barracks,  Washington,  where  he  has  held  station  to  the 
present  time. 

Colonel  Anderson  is  the  grandson  of  Brigadier-General 
Duncan  McArthur,  second  in  command  to  General  Har- 
rison in  the  Army  of  the  Northwest  during  the  war  of 
1812;  his  other  grandfather  was  a  lieutenant-colonel  in 
the  Continental  army.  He  is,  himself,  the  nephew  of 
General  Robert  Anderson,  of  Fort  Sumter  fame. 


12 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  [regular) 


COLONEL  GEORGE   LIPPITT  ANDREWS. 

Colonel  George  Lippitt  Andrews  (Twenty-fifth  In- 
fantry) was  born  in  Rhode  Island,  April  22,  [828.  He 
was  a  private  in  the  Fifth  Ward  City  Guards  at  Provi- 
dence, Rhode  Island,  during  Dorr's  Rebellion  of  1842, 
and  a  private  in  the  Providence  Marine  Corps  of  Artillery 
in  1S44.  He  became  a  sergeant  in  the  same  in  1847, 
major  fn>m  1N4N  t,.  [852,  and  colonel  (commandant) from 
1853  to  1856.  He  was  then  made  captain  and  commis- 
sary of  the  Second  Brigade,  Rhode  Island  militia,  which 
he  retained  until  appointed  captain  and  quartermaster  of 
the  same  troops.  Removing  to  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  he 
entered  the  militia  service  there  as  captain  of  Company 
P,  Engineer  Battalion,  in  1S60,  and  engaged  in  the 
Southwest  expedition. 

At  the  commencement  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion, 
Captain  Andrews,  as  a  militia  officer  of  the  State  of  Mis- 
souri, was  censured  by  the  then  governor  of  that  State 
(Jackson)  and  the  general  of  the  First  Military  District 
for  his  fealty  to  the  Union  in  preference  to  the  State,  "  in 
case  of  a  conflict  between  the  State  of  Missouri  and  said 
government,"  which  was  considered  "to  amount  to  mili- 
tary insubordination  in  advance,  and  to  be  inconsistent 
with  the  law,"  to  which  Captain  Andrews  replied,  under 
date  of  February  12,  1 86 1 ,  as  follows  : 

"Finding  my  name  has  been  brought  to  the  notice 
of  the  public  in  a  manner  calculated  to  increase  the 
bitterness  of  feeling  now  existing,  and  in  the  hope  that 
positive  information  will  do  less  harm  than  uncertain 
speculation,  I  herewith  enclose  copies  of  documents  re- 
ceived by  me  on  the  I  ith  instant,  with  the  request  that 
they  may  find  a  place  in  the  columns  of  your  paper. 

"  I  do  not  believe  in  mental  reservations  or  quibbles  of 
any  description,  particularly  in  connection  with  taking 
an  oath;  and  when   I  swore  to  '  honestly  and  faithfully 


serve  the  State  of  Missouri  against  all  her  enemies,  and 
that  you  will  do  your  utmost  to  sustain  the  Constitution 
and  laws  of  the  United  States,  and  of  this  State,  against 
all  violence  of  whatever  kind  and  description;  and  you 
do  further  swear  that  you  will  well  and  truly  execute  and 
obey  the  legal  orders  of  all  officers  properly  placed  over 
you,  whilst  on  duty  ;  so  help  you  God,' — I  did  so  in  good 
faith,  with  a  full,  realizing  sense  of  the  moral  and  consti- 
tutional obligations  I  assumed.  I  still  occupy  the  same 
position,  and  shall  ever  be  found  read}-  and  willing  to  do 
my  p. irt  to  sustain  '  the  Constitution,  the  Union,  and  the 
enforcement  of  the  laws. 

"  Respectfully  yours, 

"  Geo.  L.  Andrews. 

"St.  Louis,  February  12,  1861." 

Captain  Andrews  was  appointed  lieutenant-colonel  of 
the  First  Missouri  Infantry,  April  24,  1861,  and  was  en- 
gaged at  Camp  Jackson,  Booneville  (of  which  he  was 
military  governor),  Dug  Spring,  and  McCullough's 
Store;  and  commanded  the  Second  Brigade  of  General 
Lyon's  column  at  the  battle  of  Wilson's  Creek,  where  he 
was  wounded  and  his  horse  shot  under  him.  He  was 
appointed  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  First  Missouri  Light 
Artillery,  September  1,  1861,  and  was  discharged  from  the 
volunteer  service  September  5,  of  the  same  year,  to  enter 
the  regular  service, — he  having  been  appointed  major  of 
the  Seventeenth  U.  S.  Infantry  May  14,  but  did  not  receive 
the  appointment  until  September  5.  He  joined  his  regi- 
ment at  Fort  Preble,  Maine,  where  he  remained  until 
March,  1862,  when  he  was  ordered  to  the  field  with  the 
Arm_\-  of  the  Potomac,  and  his  regiment  became  part  of 
the  Second  Brigade,  Second  Division  (regular)  of  the 
Fifth  Arm}-  Corps.  He  participated  in  the  operations 
and  campaigns  of  the  Arm}-  of  the  Potomac  of  1862-63, 
and  was  engaged  at  the  siege  of  Yorktown,  battles  of 
Gaines'  Mill,  Malvern  Hill,  Second  Bull  Run,  Antietam, 
reconnoissances  across  the  Potomac  River  below  Sharps- 
burg,  to  Leetown,  Snicker's  Gap,  battle  of  Fredericks- 
burg, where  he  commanded  the  Second  Brigade  of  reg- 
ular infantry,  and  battle  of  Chancellorsville,  Virginia. 
He  was  then  ordered  on  regimental  recruiting  service  at 
Fort  Preble,  Maine,  and  subsequently  changed  to  New- 
port Barracks,  Kentucky,  October  14,  1864,  on  being 
promoted  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Thirteenth  Infantry. 

Colonel  Andrews  received  the  brevets  of  lieutenant- 
colonel  for  Second  Bull  Run  and  colonel  for  Antietam, 
"  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services,"  and  was  promoted 
colonel  of  the  Twenty-fifth  Infantry,  January  1,  1871. 

Since  the  close  of  the  war  he  has  been  stationed  in 
various  parts  of  the  country  with  his  regiment,  experi- 
encing all  the  details  of  frontier  life,  such  as  falls  to  the 
lot  of  an  army  officer.  His  present  station  is  with  his 
regiment  at  Fort  Missoula.   Montana. 


I 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


13 


COLONEL  ABRAHAM  K.  ARNOLD. 

Colonel  Abraham  K.  Arnold  (First  Cavalry)  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania,  March  24,  1837.  Retiring  year, 
1901  ;  graduated  from  U.  S.  Military  Academy,  July  1, 
1859.  Actual  Rank. — Brevet  second  lieutenant  Fifth 
(old  Second)  Cavalry,  July  1,  1859;  second  lieutenant, 
June  28,  i860;  first  lieutenant,  April  6,  1861  ;  captain, 
July  17,  1S62  ;  major  Sixth  Cavalry,  June  22,  1869;  lieu- 
tenant-colonel First  Cavalry,  June  II,  1886,  and  colonel, 
February  7,  1891.  Brevet  Ran/:. — Brevet  captain,  June 
27,  1862,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  service  in  the  battle 
of  Gaines'  Mill,  Virginia;  brevet  major,  May  6,  1864,  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  service  at  the  battle  of  Todd's  Tav- 
ern, Virginia.  Honorably  Mentioned. — In  the  "  Records  of 
the  Rebellion,"  Tart  I.,  Vol.  XL,  pp.  6S4,  86,  88,  691,  92, 
711,  12,  and  1007  ;  Part  II.,  Vol.  XL,  page  47,  as  far  as 
published.  Service. — In  i860  conducted  a  detachment  of 
recruits  from  New  York  by  sea  to  Indianola  ;  marched  by 
way  of  San  Antonio  to  Fort  Inge,  Texas  ;  joined  Decem- 
ber 2,  in  the  field,  1S61  ;  marched  from  Fort  Inge,  March 
19,  i86i,for  sea-coast;  embarked  at  Indianola,  on  steam- 
ship "Empire  City,"  just  in  time  to  escape  capture,  and 
sailed  for  New  York ;  served  in  the  defences  of  Wash- 
ington and  in  the  field  during  the  winter  of  1 861  and 
iS62,  until  wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill,  which  disabled  him 
from  service  until  September,  1862  ;  appointed  mustering 
and  disbursing  officer  at  New  York  and  Boston  until  Sep- 
tember, 1863;  in  the  field  1863  and  1864 ;  assistant  in- 
structor of  cavalry  tactics  at  LT.  S.  Military  Academy  from 
August  23,  1864,  to  August  2S,  1869;  served  at  Fort 
Brown  and  Waco,  and  at  Fort  Richardson,  Texas,  and  in 
Kansas  from  June  18,  1 870,  until  September,  1872,  on 
garrison  and  field  duties;  appointed  a  disbursing  officer 
in  the  Freedmen's  Bureau  and  served  at  New  Orleans, 
Louisiana,  until  November,  1S78;  on  duty  in  the  West 
and  South,  part  of  the  time  in  the  field,  from  1879  to  1892. 
Staff  Positions  Occupied. — Adjutant,  assistant  commissary 
of  subsistence,  acting  assistant  quartermaster  at  Fort  Inge, 
Texas,  winter  and  spring  of  1 S60-6 1  ;  adj  utant  of  his  regi- 
ment June  I,  1 86 1  ;  resigned  May  9,  1862;  acting  in- 
spector-general Department  of  Arizona  from  November, 
1 8S0,  to  August  2,  1884;  acting  assistant  adjutant-general 
in  the  field  during  the  Cibicu  campaign  of  1 88 1.  Battles. 
Skirmishes,  Etc. — Operations  against  hostile  Indians  in 
Texas,  winter  and  spring  of  1860-61  ;  participated  in 
General  Patterson's  Shenandoah  campaign  ;  was  engaged 
in  the  action  at  Falling  Waters,  and  in  the  skirmishes  near  ! 
Martinsburg  and  Bunker  Hill ;  in  the  defences  of  Wash- 
ington during  the  winter  of  1861-62  ;  participated  in  the 
Manassas  and  Virginia  Peninsula  campaigns,  and  engaged 
in  the  siege  of  Yorktown,  the  battle  of  Williamsburg,  and 
almost  daily  skirmishes  during  the  advance  towards  Rich- 
mond ;  engaged  with  the  enemy  at  the  Hanover  Court- 


House  ;  participated  in  the  reconnoissance  towards  Ash- 
land; severely  wounded  in  the  disastrous  charge  at 
Gaines'  Mill  ;  engaged  in  the  combat  at  Bristoe  Station, 
the  operations  at  Mine  Run,  in  the  raid  and  action  at 
Charlottesville,  the  action  at  Stannardsville,  the  skirmish 
near  Morton's  Ford,  the  battle  of  Todd's  Tavern  and 
Meadow  Bridge,  the  skirmish  near  Mechanicsville,  the 
battles  of  Cold  Harbor  and  Trevilian  Station;  and 
marched  to  the  relief  of  General  Wilson  at  Ream's  Sta- 
tion, when  that  officer  made  his  raid  on  the  South  Side 
Railroad.  Commanding  field  operations  in  Southeastern 
Arizona  against  hostile  Apaches,  raiding  in  New  Mexico, 
spring  of  1S79;  served  with  an  expedition  into  old 
Mexico,  in  the  neighborhood  of  Lake  Guzman,  and  co- 
operated with  the  forces  in  New  Mexico  and  Mexican 
troops,  which  resulted  in  destroying  a  large  band  of  sav- 
ages', until  October,  1879;  in  the  field  during  the  Cibicu 
campaign  in  Arizona,  1 881;  against  the  disaffected 
Crows,  November,  1887,  in  combat  which  resulted  in 
killing  their  chief  and  bringing  them  to  terms.  Com- 
mands Held. — Commanded  company  during  the  last  tour 
of  field  service  performed  in  Texas  by  any  part  of  regi- 
ment, 1861  ;  in  command  of  company  May  9,  1862;  in 
command  of  the  regiment  almost  continuously  from  Oc- 
tober 12,  1863,  to  July  24,  1864;  in  command  of  field 
operations  in  Southeastern  Arizona  from  the  spring  until 
October,  1879;  Fort  Grant,  Arizona,  until  November, 
1880;  Fort  Bayard,  New  Mexico,  and  regiment  until 
April  17,  1885  ;  battalion  of  regiment  in  the  field, 
November,  1 887;  post  of  Fort  Maginnis,  Montana, 
November  1,  188S,  to  March  4,  1889;  Fort  Custer,  Mon- 
tana, and  First  Cavalry,  until  September  25,  1889.  His- 
tory.— Grandson  of  Captain  P.  P.  Walter,  Thirty-second 
U.  S.  Infantry,  War  of  1812,  and  grandson  of  Peter 
Arnold,  a  soldier  of  the  Revolutionary  War. 


14 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY   recvlar, 


MAJI  >K    ISAAC  ARNOLD.  JR. 

Major  Isaac  Arnold,  Jr.,  (Ordnance  Department) 
was  born  in  Connecticut  and  graduated  from  the  Military 
Academy,  June  17,  1862.  He  was  promoted  second 
lieutenant  of  the  Second  Artillery  the  same  date  and 
was  assigned  to  Battery  F.  He  joined  Batten-  K,  Fourth 
Artillery,  at  Harrison's  Landing,  Virginia,  and  served 
with  the  same  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  until  after 
the  battle  of  Chancellorsville,  and  was  present  at  the  fol- 
lowing engagements:  Second  Malvern  Hill,  Chantilly, 
Fredericksburg,  and  Chancellorsville,  and  was  wounded 
at  the  latter  place. 

He  was  transferred  to  the  Ordnance  Corps,  April   27, 


1863.  but  did  not  receive  notice  of  transfer  until  after 
the  battle  of  Chancellorsville.  Having  been  promoted 
first  lieutenant,  April  27,  1S63,  he  served  at  Washing- 
ton Arsenal,  District  of  Columbia,  until  about  January 
1.  1S64.  when  he  was  transferred  to  St.  Louis  Arsenal, 
Missouri.  From  that  point  he  was  detached  in  the 
spring  of  1864  anil  sent  to  Springfield,  Illinois,  to  arm  the 
one-hundred-day  men.  After  three  or  four  months  he- 
was  relieved  from  that  duty  and  ordered  to  Hilton  Head. 
South  Carolina,  where  he  served  as  chief  ordnance 
officer  of  the  Department  of  the  South  until  the  close 
of  the  war. 

Lieutenant  Arnold  served  a  short  time  as  assistant 
at  Allegheny  Arsenal,  Pennsylvania,  and  was  then  as- 
signed to  the  command  of  the  San  Antonio  Arsenal, 
Texas,  and  chief  ordnance  officer  of  the  Department 
of  Texas  ;  was  promoted  captain  of  ordnance,  March  7, 
1S67.  From  Texas  he  was  ordered  to  Springfield 
Armory,  Massachusetts,  as  an  assistant,  and  moved 
from  there  to  Allegheny  Arsenal,  Pennsylvania.  He 
then  took  six  months'  leave  of  absence,  mi  expiration  of 
which  he  was  ordered  to  Benicia  Arsenal,  California; 
being  promoted  major  of  ordnance,  May  29,  1879,  he 
was  ordered  to  Indianapolis  Arsenal,  where  he  remained 
about  eight  years,  and  was  then  sent  to  command 
San  Antonio  Arsenal,  Texas,  and  was  chief  ordnance 
officer,  Department  of  Texas,  per  S.  O.  236  and  261, 
respectively,  H.  O.  A.  1SS3.  rem. lining  there  four  years; 
he  was  then  sent  to  Fort  Monroe  Arsenal,  Virginia,  per 
S.  (  ).  223,  II.  Q.  A.  1S87,  where  he  was  stationed  fortwo 
years,  and  then  assumed  command  of  Columbia  Arsenal, 
December  1,  1889,  per  S.  O.  272,  H.  Q.  A.  iSSy,  where 
he  is  at  present. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


15 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL   AND   BREVET    MAJOR- 
GENERAL   CHRISTOPHER   C.    AUGUR. 

Brigadier-General  and  Brevet  Major-General 
Christopher  C.  Augur  was  born  in  Kendall,  Orleans 
Count}',  New  York,  July  10,  1  <S 2 1 .  His  father  dying 
when  he  was  young,  he  went  with  his  mother,  in  1835, 
to  friends  in  Michigan,  and  in  1839  was  appointed  a 
cadet  to  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy  from  that  State. 
Graduated  in  1843,  and  assigned  a  brevet  second  lieutenant 
to  the  Second  Infantry.  Served  in  that  regiment  until 
September,  1849,  when  promoted  second  lieutenant  to 
Fourth  Infantry,  then  serving  with  the  "  Army  of  Occupa- 
tion," commanded  by  General  Zachary  Taylor,  at  Corpus 
Christi,  Texas.  Went  with  that  army  to  the  Rio  Grande, 
and  participated  in  all  its  operations,  including  battles  of 
Palo  Alto  and  Resaca  de  la  Palma,  and  the  capture  and 
occupation  of  Matamoras,  Mexico.  Two  companies  of 
each  regiment  were  here  broken  up,  including  his  own 
company,  and  the  officers  sent  North,  recruiting.  In 
March,  1847,  he  returned  to  Mexico  as  aide-de-camp  to 
General  I  lopping.  After  that  general's  death  went  to  the 
City  of  Mexico  as  aide-de-camp  to  General  dishing,  and 
served  with  him  until  the  end  of  the  war.  Then  joined  his 
regiment  at  Pascagoula,  Mississippi,  and  went  with  it  to 
Fort  Niagara,  New  York.  Remained  there  until  July, 
1852,  when  ordered  with  regiment  to  Pacific  coast.  Pro- 
moted to  captain  in  August,  1852.  Stationed  at  Fort  Van- 
couver until  February,  1856.  Was  in  campaign  against 
Yakima  Indians  in  fall  of  1855.  In  February,  1S56,  went 
to  Port  Orford,  Oregon,  against  Rogue  River  and  other  hos- 
tile Indians  in  that  vicinity.  Engaged  with  Indians  at  Big 
Bend  of  Rogue  River,  and  at  Macanootney  Hill.  After 
campaign  closed  took  first  detachment  of  Indians  by  sea 
to  Siletz  Reservation.  Established  Fort  Hoskins,  Kings 
Valley,  Oregon,  in  1856.  Commanded  that  post  until 
July  1,  861 ,  when  ordered  with  company  to  California. 
At  San  Francisco,  found  himself  a  major  in  the  Thirteenth 
Infantry.  Arrived  in  New  York,  he  found  orders  sending 
him  to  West  Point  as  commandant  of  cadets.  Novem- 
ber 14,  1 861,  was  appointed  a  brigadier-general  of  volun- 
teers. Joined  new  brigade  in  McDowell's  division  in 
Washington,  D.  C.  Moved  to  front  with  Army  of  Po- 
tomac in  March,  1862.  Brought  up  at  Catlett's  Station, 
Virginia.  In  April,  1862,  was  sent  with  his  brigade  to 
capture  Fredericksburg,  Virginia,  April  19,  1862.  Was 
successful.  In  July  promoted  to  division  in  Banks's  corps 
operating  about  Little  Washington,  Virginia.  Was  in 
battle  of  Cedar  Mountain,  Virginia,  August  9,  1862, 
where  he  was  severely  wounded.  Was  brevetted  a  colonel 
in  the  regular  army,  and  appointed  a  major-general  of 
volunteers  for  this  battle.  When  able  for  duty,  was  put 
on  court  of  inquiry  to  investigate  surrender  of  Harper's 


Ferry.  Then  applied  for  orders  for  the  field,  and  was  sent 
to  report  to  General  McClellan,  then  with  his  army  at 
Warrenton,  Virginia,  and  was  assigned  to  command  First 
Division  First  Army  Corps.  Received  orders  next  day  to 
report  to  General  Banks.  Accompanied  him  to  New 
Orleans,  and  commanded  district  of  Baton  Rouge  until 
advance  upon  Port  Hudson.  During  siege  commanded 
left  wing  of  army.  After  surrender  of  Port  Hudson, 
went  North  on  sick  leave  in  Jul)',  1 863.  Was  made  presi- 
dent of  military  commission  in  Washington,  D.  C.  While 
on  that  duty  was  assigned  temporarily  to  command  of 
the  Department  of  Washington  and  Twenty-second  Army 
Corps  in  October,  1863.  Remained  in  that  command 
until  August,  1866.  In  September,  1866,  appointed  presi- 
dent of  board  to  examine  newly-appointed  officers.  Jan- 
uary, 1867,  was  assigned  to  command  of  Department  of 
the  Platte,  and  remained  there  until  assigned  to  command 
of  Department  of  Texas  in  December,  1871,  having  in 
March,  1869,  been  appointed  a  brigadier-general  in  the 
regular  service.  Commanded  the  Department  of  Texas 
until  March,  1S75,  when  assigned  to  command  Depart- 
ment of  Gulf,  at  New  Orleans.  Commanded  there  until 
July,  1878,  when  that  department  was  consolidated  with 
Department  of  the  South.  Was  assigned  to  command 
that  department,  head-quarters  at  Newport,  Kentucky. 
Commanded  that  department  until  December,  18S0,  when 
again  assigned  to  command  Department  of  Texas.  In 
October,  1883,  was  assigned  to  command  Department  of 
Missouri,  head-quarters  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas. 
Commanded  that  department  until  July  10,  1883,  when  re- 
tired for  age,  after  commanding  important  military  de- 
partments continuously  for  twenty-two  years,  with  the 
exception  of  four  months.  Since  retirement  has  resided 
in  Washington,  D.  C. 


i6 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND    NAVY  regular) 


CAPTAIN  WILLIAM  AUMAN. 

Captain  William  Auman  (Thirteenth  Infantry)  was 
born  October  17,  1838,  in  Berks  Count}-,  Pennsylvania. 
His  father,  Henry  Auman,  who  was  a  non-commissioned 
officer  in  a  Pennsylvania  regiment  in  the  war  of  1812-14, 
removed  to  Union  County,  Pennsylvania,  and  again 
moved  to  Pottsville,  in  1848.  At  the  age  of  eighteen 
Captain  Auman  entered  a  general  merchandise  store  in 
Pottsville  as  salesman,  and  continued  in  this  occupation 
until  the  call  of  President  Lincoln  for  troops  in  1861, 
when  he  joined  a  local  militia  company  (Washington  Artil- 
lery), which  had  tendered  its  services  to  the  government. 
The  company  left  Pottsville  on  the  17th  of  April,  1S61, 
and  arrived  at  Harrisburg  that  evening.  Early  the  next 
morning  that  company,  with  four  others  from  the  State, 
were  sworn  into  the  service  of  the  United  States,  and  left 
immediately  (unarmed)  for  the  national  capital.  At  Bal- 
timore these  troops  were  surrounded  by  a  howling  mob 
of  Secessionists.  Tin  eats  and  insults  were  heaped  upon 
them,  and  some  were  injured  by  being  struck  with  stones 
while  marching  through  the  streets.  But  as  the  mob 
was  not  organized,  these  unarmed  troops  managed  to  get 
through  without  loss  of  life,  and  arrived  at  Washington 
that  evening,  where  they  were  temporarily  quartered  in 
tile  Capitol  building.     This  was  the  day  before  the  Sixth 


Massachusetts  had  their  fight  in  Baltimore.  After  serv- 
ing at  Washington  City  and  Fort  Washington,  Mary- 
land, until  July  29,  1861,  Company  H,  Twenty-fifth 
Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  of  which  Captain  Auman  was 
a  member,  was  honorably  mustered  out  of  service.  But 
on  the  gth  of  September,  1861,  he  enlisted  in  Company 
G,  Forty-eighth  Pennsylvania  Infantry,  and  was  ap- 
pointed a  corporal  same  date.  He  was  promoted  ser- 
geant in  the  summer  of  1S62,  second  lieutenant  of  his 
company  June  2S,  1864,  first  lieutenant  July  2^,  1S64, 
and  captain  March  3.  1865  ;  and  was  brevetted  captain 
of  U.  S.  Volunteers,  "  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services 
before  Petersburg,  Virginia." 

Captain  Auman  participated  with  his  regiment  in  the 
battles  of  Fredericksburg,  Virginia,  Campbell's  Station. 
Blue  Springs,  and  siege  of  Knoxville,  Tennessee.  He 
was  also  engaged  in  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness,  Spottsyl- 
vania,  Tolepotomy,  Bethesda  Church,  North  Anna,  Cold 
Harbor,  ami  seven  of  the  battles  around  Petersburg. 

At  the  capture  of  Petersburg,  April  2,  1865,  while  on 
the  enemy's  works,  he  was  severely  wounded  in  the  face, 
having  all  the  teeth  on  the  left  side  of  his  upper  jaw  shot 
.  away,  and  his  tongue  so  severely  cut  that  he  was  unable 
to  take  any  food  for  a  number  of  days.  ( )n  the  eleventh 
day  after  he  was  wounded,  a  portion  of  the  bullet  was 
removed  from  his  tongue.  As  soon  as  this  was  done  he 
recovered  rapidly,  and  soon  afterwards  he  rejoined  his 
regiment,  and  was  mustered  out  with  his  company,  July 
17,  1865. 

For  his  services  in  the  war  he  was,  on  the  I  Ith  of  May, 
1866,  commissioned  second  lieutenant  of  the  Thirteenth 
■  U.  S.  Infantry;  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  October  5, 
1 868,  and  captain  March  26,  1879. 

During  a  demonstration  made  by  Crow  Indians  on  the 
post  of  Camp  Cook',  Montana,  May  17,  1868,  he  was 
severely  wounded  in  the  left  foot.  He  served  as  regi- 
mental quartermaster  from  January  1,  1870,  to  August 
1,  1871. 

Captain  Auman's  service  in  the  West  has  carried  him 
to  many  different  stations,  his  present  one  being  Fort 
Supply,  Indian  Territory. 

He  received  a  medal  of  honor  from  the  State  of  Penn- 
sylvania for  service  as  "  First  Defender  of  the  National 
Capital,  1 86 1." 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIV  IE    WAR. 


CAPTAIN   AND  BREVET   MAJOR-GENERAL 
WM.  W.  AVERELL, 

Captain  and  Brevet  M  ajor-General  Wm.  W. 
Avekell  (retired)  was  born  in  New  York  and  graduated 
from  the  Military  Academy  July  i,  1855.  He  was 
promoted  brevet  second  lieutenant  of  the  Mounted 
Rifles  same  day,  and  served  at  Jefferson  Barracks, 
Missouri,  until  1856,  when  lie  was  ordered  to  the  School 
fir  Practice  at  Carlisle,  Pennsylvania,  having  been  pro- 
moted second  lieutenant  Mounted  Riflemen  May  1, 
1856.  In  1857  he  was  on  frontier  duty,  in  command  ol 
an  escort  to  the  commanding  general  of  the  Depart- 
ment of  New  Mexico,  and  the  same  year  was  scouting, 
from  Fort  Craig,  and  engaged  in  a  skirmish  with  Kiowa 
Indians  near  Fort  Craig,  December  7,  1S57.  He  was  on 
the  Navajo  expedition  in  1858,  ami  engaged  in  a  skirmish 
in  Chusca  Valley,  September  29;  a  skirmish  with  Kya- 
tano's  band,  October  I  ;  and  skirmish  at  the  Puerco  of 
the  West,  October  8,  1858,  where  he  was  severely 
wounded  in  a  night  attack  on  the  soldiers'  camp.  He 
was  at  Fort  Craig  until  granted  a  sick  leave,  which  sepa- 
rated him  from  his  duties  until  1861. 

Lieutenant  Averell  was  bearer  of  despatches  to  Colonel 
Emory,  at  Fort  Arbuckle,  Indian  Territory,  April  and 
May,  1 861,  and  on  returning  to  Washington  he  was  then 
promoted  first  lieutenant  Third  Cavalry.  He  was  de- 
tailed on  mustering  duty  at  Elmira,  New  York',  to  July, 
when  he  was  made  acting  assistant  adjutant-general  oi 
General  A.  Porter,  at  Washington,  participating  in  the 
Manassas  campaign,  and  engaged  at  the  battle  of  First 
Bull  Run,  July  21,  1S61. 

Having  been  appointed  colonel  of  the  Third  Pennsyl- 
vania Cavalry,  August  13,  1861,  he  was  in  command  oi 
a  cavalry  brigade  in  front  of  the  defences  of  Washington 
(which  was  the  first  cavalry  brigade  of  the  war)  to  March, 
1862,  when  he  led  the  advance  on  Manassas,  and  subse- 
quently participated  in  the  Peninsula  campaign,  being 
engaged  in  the  siege  of  Yorktown,  battles  of  Williams 
burg,  Fair  Oaks,  Malvern  Hill,  where  he  commanded 
the  rear  guard  (see  "Battles  and  Leaders  of  the  War"), 
and  skirmishes  at  Sycamore  Church,  August  2,  and  at 
White  Oak  Swamp,  August  5,  1862.  On  the  17th  of 
July,  1862,  he  was  promoted  captain  Third  Cavalry. 

Appointed  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  September 
26,  1862.  He  was  engaged  in  scouting  and  skirmishing 
on  the  Upper  Potomac  until  the  31st  of  October,  when 
he  participated  in  the  march  back  to  the  Rappahannock 
River,  being  engaged,  en  route,  in  skirmishes  along  the 
Blue  Ridge,  at  Upperville,  Markam,  Corbins'  and  Gaines' 
Cross  Roads,  and  Amissville.  lie  then  participated  in 
the  Rappahannock  campaign  of  1862-63,  and  was  en- 
gaged in  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  and  as  com- 
mander of  the  Second  Cavalry  Division  in  the  skirmish 
3 


at  I  [artwood  Church,  action  at  Kelly's  Ford,  the  first  con- 
siderable cavalry  battles  of  the  war.  lie  commanded 
one  of  the  two  di\  isions  of  cavalry  engaged  in  the  Stone- 
man  raid,  and  drove  the  enemy's  cavalry  towards  Gor- 
donsville,  while  Buford  with  Stoneman  reached  the 
enemy's  rear. 

General  Averell  was  placed  in  command  of  the 
Fourth  Separate  Brigade  May  16,  1863,  and  commanded 
in  all  the  engagements  of  the  brigade,  which  was  increased 
to  a  division  of  three  brigades  cavalry  and  one  infantry, 
in  the  West  Virginia  operations,  defeating  the  intrenched 
rebel  army  o(  West  Virginia  at  Droop  Mountain,  and 
driving  the  enemy  out  of  the  State.  In  the  winter  of 
1863-64  he  made  the  raid  to  the  Tennessee  Railroad, 
destroying  it  and  General  Longstreet's  supplies,  from 
December  8  to  25,  1X63.  He  was  in  the  West  Virginia 
operations,  commanding  the  Second  Cavalry  Division, 
in  1X64,  commanding  in  all  the  actions  and  combats, 
raids  and  skirmishes,  and  defeated  Ramseur's  division 
at  Carter's  Farm,  July  20.  He  fought  the  combats  at 
Winchester  and  Moorfield,  and  skirmishes  at  Bunker 
Hill  and  Martinsburg,  and  participated  in  the  battles  of 
Opequan  and  Fisher's  Hill,  and  action  at  Mount  Jackson, 
September  23,  1864. 

He  was  brevetted  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services, 
as  follows:  Major,  for  the  battle  of  Kelly's  Ford,  Vir- 
ginia; lieutenant-colonel,  for  the  action  at  Droop  Moun- 
tain, Virginia;  colonel,  for  the  Salem  expedition  in  Vir- 
ginia; brigadier-general,  for  the  field  during  the  war  of 
the  Rebellion;  major-general,  for  the  battle  of  Moor- 
field, Virginia.  General  Averell  resigned  from  the  army 
May  18,  1865,  and  was  appointed  United  States  Consul- 
General  to  British  North  America  at  Montreal  in  1866. 
By  act  of  Congress  of  August  1,  18S8,  he  was  restored 
to  his  grade  of  captain  in  the  arm)-  and  placed  upon  the 
I  retired  list,  August  17  of  that  year. 


1 8 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  {regular) 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL   R<  >BERT   AVERY 
(retired). 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Robert  Avery  was  born  in 
Tunkhannock,  Pennsylvania,  September  22,  1839-  In 
September,  1861,  he  received  authority  from  the  gov- 
ernor of  New  York  to  raise  a  company,  and  in  October, 
1861,  he  was  commissioned  a  captain  of  New  York  vol- 
unteers in  the  service  of  the  United  States,  afterwards 
assigned  first  to  the  Twelfth,  and  then  to  the  One 
Hundred  and  Second  Regiment  of  New  York  Volun- 
teers, in  which  regiment  he  was  the  senior  captain,  and 
frequently,  for  considerable  periods,  commanded  his 
regiment.  In  December,  1862,  he  was  promoted  to  be 
lieutenant-colonel  of  his  regiment. 

He  participated  in  the  battle  of  Cedar  Mountain 
August  9,  1862;  in  the  battles  of  the  Second  Bull  Run 
campaign  commanded  his  regiment,  and  during  part  of 
the  time,  at  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville,  Virginia,  May 
3,  1863,  his  brigade.  At  this  battle  he  was  wounded 
by  a  musket-ball  in  the  neck  and  lower  jaw,  severing  the 
nerves  on  the  left  side,  causing  partial  paralysis  of  the 
left  side  for  several  months.  He  rejoined  his  command, 
then  a  part  of  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  in  Tennes- 
see, in  October,  1863,  having  his  left  shoulder  and  neck- 
bandaged,  leading  the  advance  line  in  the  assault  on 
Lookout  Mountain  November  24,  1863,  where  he  re- 
ceived a  wound  which  necessitated  the  amputation  of 
his  right  leg  close  to  the  hip-joint.     In  this  assault  the 


major  of  the  regiment,  Gilbert  M.  Elliott,  was  killed  by 
his  side.  For  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  the 
battles  of  Chancellorsville  and  Lookout  Mountain,  he 
was  brevetted  colonel,  brigadier-general,  and  major- 
general  of  Lmited  States  volunteers. 

In  April,  1865,  he  was  appointed  a  major  in  the 
Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  and  assigned  to  duty  in  Wash- 
ington as  assistant  commissary-general  of  prisoners, 
serving  as  such  under  both  Brevet  Major-General  W. 
Hoffman  and  Major- General  E.  A.  Hitchcock,  and  won 
the  earnest  commendation  of  both  those  officers  for  the 
"prompt,  energetic,  and  able  performance  of  all  the 
duties  devolving  upon  him."  In  July,  1866,  he  was 
assigned  to  duty  as  inspector-general  on  the  staff  of 
Major-General  John  C.  Robinson,  commanding  the  Dis- 
trict of  North  Carolina,  and  assistant  commissioner  of 
the  Freedmen's  Bureau.  He  was  detailed  as  president 
of  an  important  military  commission  and  a  court-martial, 
but,  on  account  of  his  legal  knowledge  and  skill  in  pre- 
senting evidence,  was  soon  made  judge-advocate  of  both 
the  military  commission  and  court-martial.  Before  the 
military  commission  there  were  tried  man)-  important 
cases, — murders,  conspiracies,  arson,  rape,  burglary,  etc., 
— securing  convictions  in  every  case,  winning  the  ap- 
proval and  commendation  of  General  Grant  and  Secre- 
tary Stanton.  On  the  31st  of  December,  1870,  he  was 
placed  upon  the  retired  list,  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant- 
colonel.  General  Hooker,  in  commending  him  to 
Secretary  Stanton  for  promotion,  said,  "  At  the  battle  of 
Lookout  Mountain  his  conduct  was  especially  brilliant, 
as  he  led  the  line  of  skirmishers  along  the  slope  of  the 
mountain,  which  resulted  in  the  glorious  achievement  of 
that  field."  General  George  S.  Greene,  also  commend- 
ing him  for  promotion,  said,  "  Colonel  Avery  was  always 
distinguished  for  gallantry,  intelligence,  and  energy  in 
the  discharge  of  his  duties."  He  was  twice  recom- 
mended for  promotion  for  gallantry  by  General  Grant. 

The  importance  of  General  Avery's  services  in  North 
Carolina  during  the  reconstruction  period  can  hardly  be 
over-estimated.  The  knowledge  that  there  was  one 
court  constantly  open,  with  a  fearless  and  tireless  prose- 
cuting officer,  to  secure  the  conviction  of  criminals,  no 
matter  how  great  their  political  or  social  influence,  soon 
made  North  Carolina  as  safe  and  as  free  from  crime  as 
any  State  in  the  Union.  There  can  be  little  doubt  that 
if  the  administration  of  justice  in  that  State  had  re- 
mained in  General  Avery's  hands,  the  crimes  of  the 
Ku-Klux  Klaus  in  North  Carolina  would  not  have  been 
committed. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


19 


LIKUTENANT-COLONEL   LAWRENCE   S.   BABBITT. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Lawrence  S.  Babbitt  (Ord- 
nance Department,  U.S.A.)  was  born  in  Boston,  Massa- 
chusetts, February  iS,  1S39.  Appointed  cadet-at-large 
at  West  Point  Military  Academy  July,  1857;  graduated 
June,  I S6 1,  and  appointed  second  lieutenant,  Third  Ar- 
tillery, June  24,  1 86 1.  On  October  26,  1861,  he  was 
transferred  to  Ordnance  Department,  and  promoted  to  be 
first  lieutenant  of  ordnance  March  3,  1863,  and  captain 
of  ordnance  December  22,  1866;  major  of  ordnance 
May  10,  1878,  and  lieutenant-colonel  of  ordnance  Sep- 
tember 19,  1890. 

He  was  brevetted  first  lieutenant,  July  21,  1861,  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run, 
Virginia  ;  is  honorably  mentioned  in  "  Records  of  the 
Rebellion,"  series  1,  vol.  ii.,  pp.  312,  348,  380,  382,  and 
in  report  of  Nez  Perces  campaign,  by  General  Howard, 
1877.  Saw  service  in  field  with  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
1861-63.  Took  part  in  Virginia  Peninsula  campaign  as 
assistant  ordnance  officer.  Commanding  Louisville  Ord- 
nance Depot,  1864  and  1865  ;  commanding  Vancouver 
Arsenal,  1865  to  1871  ;  St.  Louis  Arsenal,  1S71  to  1876; 
chief  ordnance  officer  Department  of  Columbia,  1876  to 
1879;  in  Nez  Perces  campaign,  1S77  ;  Bannock  War, 
1878;  commanding  Fortress  Monroe  Arsenal,  1S79  to 
1887;  San  Antonio  Arsenal,  1S87  to  1890 ;  Benicia  Ar- 
senal, 1890  to  present  date.  Staff  Positions  Held. — As- 
sistant ordnance  officer  Army  of  the  Potomac,  1862; 
aide-de-camp,  1868  to  1870;  chief  ordnance  officer  De- 


partment of  Columbia,  1876  to  1879;  chief  ordnance 
officer  Department  of  Texas,  1887  to  1890.  Battles,  Skir- 
mishes, Etc. — Engaged  in  action  at  Blackburn's  Ford, 
July  iS,  1861  ;  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21,  1861  ;  siege 
of  Yorktown,  Virginia ;  skirmishes  at  Cottonwood 
Ranch,  Idaho,  July  3,  4,  and  5,  1877  ;  battle  of  the  Clear- 
water, Idaho,  July  12  and  13,  1877;  skirmish  at  Mua- 
tella  Agency,  Oregon,  July  13,  1888.  Colonel  Babbitt 
is  the  son  of  General  E.  B.  Babbitt,  U.S.A.,  deceased, 
who  was  a  graduate  of  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy  in 
the  class  of  1827. 


20 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  regular) 


BREVET  MAJOR  AND  CAPTAIN  JOHN  B.  BABCOCK. 

Brevet  Major  and  Captain  John  15.  Babcock  (Fifth 
Cavalry)  was  born  in  New  (  Irleans,  Louisiana,  February 
7,  1843.  Major  Babcock  is  descended  from  an  old  Rhode 
Island  family.  His  great-great-grandfather,  Joshua  Bab- 
cock, was  twice  chief  justice  of  Rhode  Island,  and  major- 
general  of  Rhode  Island  militia  during  the  Revolution. 
Major  Babcock's  great-grandfather,  Henry  Babcock-, 
served  five  campaigns  in  the  French  and  Indian  War. 

During  the  war  he  served  as  second  lieutenant,  first 
lieutenant,  adjutant,  captain,  and  major  of  New  York 
State  volunteers  (One  Hundred  and  Seventy-fourth  and 
One  Hundred  and  Sixty-second  regiments),  and  was 
brevetted  lieutenant-colonel ;  was  present  with  his  regi- 
ment in  the  battles  of  Plain's  Store,  Port  Hudson,  Sabine 
Cross-Roads,  Pleasant  Hill,  Monett's  Bluff,  Mansura 
Plains,  and  Yellow  Bayou,  all  in  Louisiana;  was  with 
his  regiment  under  General  Grant  at  the  siege  of  Peters- 
burg, Virginia,  and  in  the  campaign  of  General  Sheridan 
in  the  Shenandoah  Valley;  was,  at  the  age  of  twenty- 
two,  major  and  acting  adjutant-general  of  the  Military 
District  of  Savannah  and  inspector-general  First  Division, 
Nineteenth  Army  Corps. 

Since  the  war,  for  twenty-five  years,  this  officer  has 
served  continuously  with  his  troop.  For  fifteen  years 
after  the  war,  Captain  Babcock  was  almost  constantly  in 
the  field,  winter  and  summer,  engaged  in  campaigns  of 
the  most  severe  character  against  hostile  Indians. 

The  following  is  a  brief  statement  of  the  campaigns 
and  Indian  fights  in  which  this  officer  has  been  engaged  : 

Continuous  campaign  with  his  regiment,  under  General 
Carr,  against  the  Kiowas  and  Southern  Cheyennes,  last- 
ing from  November,  1868,  to  August,  1869;  without 
leaving  the  field,  marching  from  Kansas  to  Texas  and 
back  to  Nebraska,  through  the  storms  of  a  severe  «  inter, 
driving  the  Indians  eastward  and  fighting  them  at  Bea\  er 
Creek  and  Spring  Creek,  Nebraska,  and  Summit  Springs, 


Colorado.  At  Spring  Creek  his  troop,  then  reduced  to 
thirty-three  men,  was  attacked  by  the  whole  village  of 
Cheyenne  and  Sioux  Indians  under  Tall  Bull.  Captain 
Babcock  defended  the  position  for  two  hours,  until  re- 
lieved by  the  regiment.  At  Summit  Springs  the  regi- 
ment captured  a  camp  of  eighty-six  lodges,  killing 
seventy-two  Indians,  capturing  five  hundred  ponies,  and 
releasing  two  white  women  captives,  and  putting  an  end 
to  the  war  with  these  bands. 

From  November,  1 871,  for  three  years,  Captain  Bab- 
cock served  in  Arizona  under  General  Crook,  and  was 
almost  constantly  in  the  field.  Having  attracted  the 
attention  of  General  Crook  by  successful  hard  service  in 
the  mountains,  he  was  kept  in  the  field  under  general 
instructions  to  hunt  up  hostile  Indians;  was  in  many 
fights  with  Apaches  ;  was  twice  thanked  in  general  or- 
ders,— G.  O.  14  and  G.  O.  24,  Department  of  Arizona. 
1873;  was  wounded  in  the  breast  by  an  arrow,  and 
recommended  for  the  brevets  of  lieutenant-colonel  and 
colonel.  Under  date  of  November  28,  1 S74,  General 
Crook  writes  of  this  officer  as  follows:  "The  official 
records  of  my  department  show  that,  since  his  first 
assignment  to  duty,  Lieutenant  J.  B.  Babcock  has  been 
one  of  the  mi  >st  gallant,  efficient,  and  distinguished  officers 
that  have  ever  served  in  Arizona." 

His  last  service  in  Arizona  was  the  military  control  of 
the  turbulent  Apaches  on  the  San  Carlos  Reservation. 

Going  north  with  his  regiment,  Captain  Babcock  was 
again  in  the  field,  in  Northern  Wyoming,  during  the 
winter  of  1877,  and  again  from  June  to  December,  1S78, 
and  from  January,  1879,  to  the  spring  of  that  year.  In 
the  latter  campaign  the  regiment  marched  through  the 
snows  of  Northern  Nebraska  against  the  Cheyennes. 

In  October,  1879,  the  famous  Ute  outbreak  occurred. 
Captain  Babcock  marched  with  his  troop,  as  part  of  Gen- 
eral Merritt's  command,  one  hundred  and  seventy  miles 
in  sixty-five  hours, — in  time  to  take  part  in  the  relief  of 
Major  Thornburg's  command  and  the  light  that  followed, 
—  remaining  in  the  field  until  December. 

In  18S5  he  marched  six  hundred  miles,  and  took  part  in 
the  protection  of  the  Kansas  border  from  the  threatened 
raids  of  Southern  Cheyennes,  remaining  in  the  field  all 
the  spring  and  until  Jul}-. 

From  1887  to  18S9  Captain  Babcock'  was  assistant 
instructor  in  the  Art  of  War  at  the  L*.  S.  Infantry  and 
Cavalry  School,  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas.  In  the 
summer  of  1889  he  was  adjutant-general  of  the  Camp  of 
Instruction  for  the  troops  in  the  Department  of  Missouri. 

Since  1889  he  has  been  assistant  instructor  in  the 
Department  of  Cavalry  at  the  U.S.  Infantry  and  Cavalry 
School,  which  position  he  now  holds,  in  addition  to  the 
command  of  his  tr<  k  >p. 

He  was  in  the  field  with  his  troop  at  Pine  Ridge 
Agency  during  the  Ghost-Dance  War  last  year. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


21 


COMMODORE  OSCAR   C.  BADGER,  U.  S.  NAVY. 

Commodore  Oscar  C.  Badger  was  forty-three  years 
and  eleven  months  upon  the  active  list  of  the  navy.  In 
this  lengthened  period  he  had  twenty-one  years  and  one 
month  of  sea-service,  and  one  year  and  three  months  in 
vessels  which  were  not  sea-going.  Mis  shore  duty  ex- 
tended to  seventeen  years  and  three  months  ;  and  he  was 
unemployed  four  years  and  four  months.  During  one 
year  and  six  months  of  this  "  unemployed"  time,  he  was 
ill, — unable  to  perform  duty,—  the  result  of  wounds  re- 
ceived in  the  service. 

This  is  a  good  record  for  any  officer. 

Commodore  Badger  was  born  in  the  township  of  Wind- 
ham, Connecticut,  August  12,  1823,  and  was  appointed 
midshipman  from  Pennsylvania,  September,  1841.  He 
served  for  three  years  in  the  old  razee  "Independence," 
in  the  West  Indies  and  Gulf  of  Mexico,  and  was  then 
attached  to  the  "  Saratoga,"  on  the  west  coast  of  Africa. 
Served  in  the  attack  on  the  Bereby  tribes,  when  Com- 
modore Perry  punished  them  for  piracy,  and  was  in  the 
different  landing-parties.  During  the  Mexican  War  he 
Mixed  in  the  steam-frigate  "Mississippi,"  and  was  in  the 
action  at  Alvarado.  He  then  served  on  the  Brazil  Sta- 
tion in  the  frigate  "  Brandywine"  and  the  brig  "  Perry." 
He  was  navigator  of  the  "  Perry,"  which  vessel,  during 
the  cruise,  captured  and  sent  home  three  vessels  engaged 
in  the  slave-trade.  During  this  time  he  became  a  passed 
midshipman.  He  then  served  in  the  Pacific  in  various 
vessels, — "  Supply,"  "  Savannah,"  and  "  Vincennes," — and 
upon  his  return  home  was  in  the  Hydrographic  Depart- 
ment of  the  Naval  Observatory.  Promoted  master  Sep- 
tember 14,  1855,  he  was  made  lieutenant  the  next  day. 
Serving  on  board  the  sloop  "John  Adams,"  in  the 
Pacific,  he  was  navigator,  and  commanded  a  party  from 
that  ship  which  attacked  and  destroyed  the  village  of 
Vutia,  in  the  Feejee  Islands,  on  account  of  the  piratical 
acts  of  its  inhabitants  He  was  also  engaged  in  successful 
skirmishes  with  the  Feejeeans  on  other  occasions.  Lieu- 
tenant Badger  afterwards  served  on  the  experimental 
cruise  of  the  "  Plymouth,"  the  "  Macedonian"  in  the 
Mediterranean,  and  the  flag-ship  "  Minnesota." 

When  the  Civil  War  occurred,  he  commanded  the 
"  Anacostia,"  of  the  Potomac  flotilla,  and  was  in  the 
attack  upon  Cockpit  Point,  Acquia  Creek  batteries,  and 
several  others.  He  led  with  the  "  Anacostia,"  piloting 
the  "  Pensacola,"  under  a  heavy  fire,  past  the  entire  line 
of  batteries,  and  was  favorably  mentioned  in  despatches. 


Tii  the  same  vessel  he  was  employed  at  the  siege  of 
Yorktown  and  Gloucester  Point,  and  especially  men- 
tioned by  General  McClellan  for  his  services  there. 

He  became  a  lieutenant-commander  in  July,  1862,  and 
was  in  charge  of  the  ordnance  for  gunboats  building  on 
the  Western  waters,  1862-63.  After  this,  as  chief  ord- 
nance officer  of  the  South  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron, 
he  was  engaged  against  the  Morris  Island  batteries.  He 
commanded  the  iron-clad  "  Patapsco"  in  the  attack  on 
Fort  Wagner  in  July,  and  on  Forts  Wagner,  Gregg,  and 
Sumter  on  August  17  of  that  year.  On  the  22d  of 
September,  he  commanded  the  "  Montauk,"  in  the  night 
attack  on  Sumter.  Lieutenant-Commander  Badger  was 
appointed  fleet-captain  of  the  squadron  upon  the  death 
of  Commander  George  W.  Rodgers, — killed  in  battle, — 
and  was  serving  in  that  capacity  in  the  night  attack  upon 
Sumter,  when  he  was  dangerously  wounded,  his  right 
leg  being  shattered  by  a  metallic  splinter.  When  he 
had  partially  recovered  he  served  as  inspector  of  ord- 
nance at  Philadelphia,  and  in  the  same  capacity  at  Pitts- 
burg. 

Commander  in  July,  1866;  and,  as  commander  of  the 
"  Peoria,"  received  thanks  from  the  Assemblies  of  An- 
tigua and  St.  Kitt's  for  services  at  the  great  fire  at  Basse- 
Terre.  Upon  his  return,  was  upon  equipment  duty  at 
Portsmouth;  and  from  1S71  to  1S73  commanded  the 
"  Ticonderoga,"  in  the  South  Atlantic. 

Captain,  1872.  Commodore,  1881.  As  commodore 
he  was  commandant  of  the  Boston  Navy- Yard,  1SS2  to 
[885.     Retired,  1885. 


22 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  {regular) 


MAJOR   CLARENCE  MITCHELL  BAILEY. 

Major  Clarence  Mitchell  Bailey  (Fifteenth  Infan- 
try) was  born  in  New  York,  ami  was  appointed  a  second 
lieutenant  in  the  Sixth  U.  S.  Infantry  .August  5,  1S61  ; 
promoted  a  first  lieutenant  July  14,  1863  ;  a  captain  July 
28,  [866;  and  major  July  10,  1891,  and  assigned  to  the 
Fifteenth  U.  S.  Infantry.  His  first  military  duty  was  at 
Newport  Barracks,  Kentucky  where  he  arrived  in  Sep- 
tember, 1861,  and  was  almost  immediately  placed  in 
command  of  Company  A,  permanent  party.  This  posi- 
tion did  not  last  long,  as,  on  the  2ist  of  the  same  month, 
he  was  ordered  on  duty  with  Company  A,  First  li.it- 
talion  Fifteenth  Infantry,  also  directed  to  perform  the 
duties  of  A.  A  0.  M.,  A.  C.  S.,  and  adjutant  of  the  bat- 
talion then  under  orders  to  report  to  General  Robert 
Anderson,  U.  S.  Volunteers,  at  Louisville,  Kentucky. 
Before  leaving  Newport  he  was  given,  on  receipts  and 
invoices,  one  thousand  dollars  quartermaster  and  three 
bundled  dollars  commissary  funds.  Asking  an  officer 
what  he  was  to  do  with  this  money,  he  received  the 
answer,  "  Keep  it  separate,  and  don't  spend  one  fund  in 
payment  of  the  other's  debts." 

He  arrived  in  Louisville,  and  was  ordered  by  General 
Anderson  to  proceed  in  the  direction  of  Elizabethtown, 
and  report  to  General  Sherman,  wherever  he  might  be. 
General  Sherman  was  found  at  Rolling  Forks.  Lieuten- 
ant Bailey  had  provided  the  command  with  two  days' 
fresh  bread,  and  when  he  arrived  at  the  river  the  general 
ordered  rations  issued  ;  and  as  he  desired  the  command  to 
reach  Muldrow's  Hills  as  soon  as  possible,  the  lieutenant 
supposed  he  considered  his  way  of  giving  out  the  bread 
too  slow,  so  the  general  relieved  him  of  this  duty  and  did 
it  himself.  He  would  take  a  loaf  and  toss  it  to  a  man,  say- 
ing, "  Here,  catch  this."     The  lieutenant  hired  wagons  of 


the  farmers,  and  in  due  time  joined  the  battalion  with 
their  tents,  etc.,  etc.  After  being  in  camp  a  few  days  the 
commanding  officer  directed  him  to  buy  a  saddle  and 
bridle  of  a  gentleman  living  near,  and  to  draw  a  horse 
from  the  quartermaster's  department.  All  this  he  did, 
thinking  how  kind  the  commanding  officer  was  about 
his  being  mounted.  Alas,  for  his  hopes!  As  soon  as 
they  changed  camp  the  commanding  officer  directed  his 
servant  to  bring  that  horse  saddled  to  his  tent,  and  in- 
formed the  lieutenant  that  in  future  he  would  use  it.  The 
latter  can  understand  now  the  action  of  the  former,  but 
at  that  time  thought  he  had  been  very  badly  treated. 

The  winter  was  spent  on  Green  River,  Kentucky,  where 
the  Thirty-second  Indiana  Volunteers  had  a  skirmish  with 
some  Texas  cavalry;  some  of  the  Indiana  troops  were 
killed.  The  dirge  played  over  the  graves  of  these  men 
was  the  most  doleful  thing  ever  heard,  and  it  was  thought 
it  had  a  very  depressing  effect.  The  troops  suffered  that 
winter  greatly  from  poorly-cooked  rations,  bad  bread,  etc., 
and  man)- a  man  died  there  who  would  have  lived  longer 
had  the  surroundings  been  different.  The  early  spring 
found  the  battalion  en  route  to  the  Tennessee  River,  going 
to  the  rescue  of  Grant's  army.  In  May  they  occupied 
Corinth,  Mississippi.  The  Fourth  of  July  was  spent  at 
I  Iuntsville,  Alabama.  Shortly  after  the  army  took  up 
the  march  for  Kentucky  ;  reached  Louisville  in  due  time  ; 
got  a  new  outfit,  and  started  back.  The  battalion  got 
a  taste  of  Perrysville,  ami  in  December  went  into  that 
memorable  fight  at  Stone  River,  where  so  man}'  good 
men  gave  up  their  lives. 

Lieutenant  Bailey  was  relieved  from  duty  with  the 
Fifteenth  Infantry  in  1863,  and  joined  his  own  Company 
F,  Sixth  Infantry,  in  Washington  Park,  New  York,  and 
subsequently  spent  the  winter  at  Fort  Hamilton. 

In  Ala}',  1864,  he  was  detailed  as  judge  advocate 
First  Division,  Department  of  the  Hast.  In  May,  1865, 
he  departed  with  his  company  for  the  Department  of  the 
Carolinas,  and  served  on  the  staff  of  Generals  Q.  A. 
Gillmore  and  Chas.  Devens  as  judge  advocate.  He 
was  relieved  by  General  Daniel  Sickels.  In  1869  he  was 
ordered  to  Fort  Gibson,  Idaho  Territory.  He  joined 
the  Eighth  Infantry  by  assignment  in  March,  1 S7 1 ,  at 
David's  Island.  He  spent  the  winter  of  1 871-72  at 
Chicago;  went  to  Utah  in  Ala)',  1872  ;  to  Arizona  in  July, 
1S74;  on  the  Bannock  campaign  in  1878,  and  assigned 
to  command  of  Fort  Bidwell,  California,  the  same  year. 
I  He  was  on  duty  at  Angel  Island  from  September,  1881, 
to  September,  1S84;  then  at  San  Diego  until  January  2, 
1886;  in  Arizona  until  the  following  November ;  then 
to  Fort  Bridger,  Wyoming.  The  next  July  found  him 
at  Fort  Robinson,  Nebraska.  Here  he  remained  until 
March,  l89I,when  he  was  ordered  to  Pine  Ridge,  South 
Dakota,  and  remained  there  until  he  joined  his  new  sta- 
tion, Fort  Sheridan,  Illinois. 


117/0   SERVED   IN   THE    CIVIL    WAR. 


REAR-ADMIRAL   THEODORUS   BAILEY. 

Rear-Admiral  Theodokus  Bailey  was  born  at 
Chateaugay,  New  York,  in  April,  1805.  He  came  of 
good  colonial  stock,  his  grandfather,  John  Bailey, 
being  the  first  to  hoist  the  Revolutionary  flag  in  New 
Yorlc.  He  also  commanded  the  Second  Dutches-, 
County  Regiment. 

Theodorus  Bailey  witnessed  the  battle  of  Plattsburg, 
when  he  was  nine  years  old,  General  Mooers,  a  relative, 
being  engaged  therein.  Appointed  midshipman,  1S18. 
Served  on  the  coast  of  Africa,  the  Pacific,  and  the  West 
Indies.  A  lieutenant  in  1827,  he  made  a  cruise  round 
the  world,  in  the  "  Vincennes."  1  le  was  then  transferred 
to  the  "  Constellation,"  and  made  a  second  cruise  round 
the  world,  being  absent  three  years  and  eight  months. 
In  1S46  Lieutenant  Bailey  commanded  the  store-ship 
"  Lexington,"  on  the  Mexican  and  Californian  coasts. 
A  company  of  artillery  was  taken  out  from  New  York  as 
passengers, — Captain  Tompkins  in  command;  the  late 
General  Sherman,  first  lieutenant  ;  and  the  second  lieu- 
tenant was  General  E.  O.  C.  <  >rd.  General  Hal  leek,  then 
lieutenant  of  engineers,  was  also  a  passenger.  The"  Lex- 
ington" did  good  service  on  the  west  coast,  especially  at 
La  Paz.  She  blockaded  San  Bias,  and  finally  captured 
that  town,  after  a  brisk  fight.  Lieutenant  Bailey  was  made 
commander,  1849.  In  1855  commanded  the"  St.  Mary's," 
in  the  Pacific.  In  the  same  year  was  commissioned  cap- 
tain. A  long  and  useful  cruise  terminated  with  the 
settlement  of  serious  troubles  at  Panama.  In  1861  Cap- 
tain Bailey  was  ordered  to  command  the  "  Colorado," 
joining  Farragut  at  the  mouth  of  the  Mississippi.  It 
was  found  that  the  frigate,  even  if  lightened,  could  not 
cross  the  bar;  so  Captain  Bailey,  although  an  invalid, 
and  against  the  advice  of  the  surgeon,  obtained  permis- 
sion for  himself  and  many  of  his  guns,  men,  and  officers 
to  be  transferred  to  other  lighter  vessels.  Finally  he  ob- 
tained command  of  the  leading  division  in  the  passage 
of  the  forts  below  New  Orleans,  hoisting  his  flag  in  the 
"  Cayuga."  His  part  in  those  events  is  too  well  known 
to  require  repetition.  When  the  fleet  arrived  off  New 
Orleans  he  went,  accompanied  by  Lieutenant  George 
Perkins,  to  demand  an  unconditional  surrender  from  the 
mayor,  a  mission  so  hazardous  as  to  be  quoted  as  one 
of  the  most  gallant  acts  performed  during  the  whole  war. 
The  description  of  their  reception  by  the  mob  of  des- 
peradoes is  most  thrilling,  and  how  those  two  brave  men 
escaped  assassination  will  always  be  a  wonder.  His  con- 
duct as  leader  of  the  first  division  elicited  the  highest 
encomiums  from  both  superiors  and  subordinates,  which 
space  forbids  our  placing  here,  even  in  condensed  terms. 
What  Farragut  thought  of  him  was  shown  by  his  selec- 
tion of  him  to  bear  to  the  government  at  Washington 
the  despatches  and  the  reports  of  the  successful  opera- 


tions. After  his  arrival  at  the  capital,  he  described  upon 
the  floor  of  the  Senate  Chamber  the  capture  of  New 
( (rleans. 

In  June,  1862,  Captain  Bailey  was  ordered  to  com- 
mand the  Last  Gulf  Squadron,  as  acting  rear-admiral. 
He  was  engaged  in  the  important  blockade  of  Florida, 
capturing  prizes,  destroying  the  illicit  traffic  so  exten- 
sively carried  on,  at  that  time,  between  the  Gulf  ports  and 
the  West  Indies,  and  securing  supplies  designed  for  the 
Confederate  service.  Admiral  Porter  remarks:  "The 
command  of  this  station,  although  a  compliment  to  Ad- 
miral Bailey,  was  scarcely  a  reward  commensurate  with 
his  character  and  services.  He  was  not  a  man  whose 
appearance  would  attract  attention,  except  from  those 
who  could  appreciate  the  honest  and  simple  character 
of  our  old-time  naval  officer;  but  he  was  a  man  who  had 
no  superior  in  the  navy  in  point  of  dash,  energy,  and 
courage  ;  and  if  he  had  ever  had  the  opportunity  of  com- 
manding a  fleet  in  action,  he  would  have  done  it  with  the 
coolness  and  bravery  of  Nelson.  No  higher  compliment 
could  be  paid  him." 

When  Farragut  was  preparing  for  his  attack  on  Mobile, 
he  evinced  his  appreciation  of  Bailey  by  offering  him  the 
same  position  he  had  filled  in  the  Mississippi.  Bailey 
accepted  with  enthusiasm,  asking  "  to  be  put  down  for 
two  chances."  But,  unfortunately,  a  severe  attack  of  yel- 
low fever  sent  him  North  before  the  attack  was  made,  and 
he  passed  a  long  convalescence  in  the  peaceful  command 
of  the  old  naval  station  at  Sag  Harbor,  instead  of  leading 
Farragut's  van. 

He  was  made  rear-admiral  in  1866,  and  commanded 
the  navy-yard  at  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  from  1865 
to  1867.  His  last  service  was  as  a  member  of  the  Ex- 
amining Board  at  Washington,  in  which  city  he  died  in 
February,  1877. 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARM)'  AND  NAVY  <  regular) 


BRIGADIER   AND    BREVET    MAJOR-GENERAL    ABSA- 
LOM   BA1RD   (retired). 

Brigadier  and  Brevet  Major-General  Absalom 
Baird  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  August  20,  1824,  and 
graduated  at  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy  July  1,  1S49. 
1  le  was  promoted  brevet  second  lieutenant  of  the  Second 
Artillery  the  .same  day,  and  second  lieutenant  of  the 
First  Artillery  April  I,  1S50.  After  serving  at  Fort 
Monroe  and  Fort  Columbus,  he  participated  in  the 
Florida  hostilities  against  the  Seminole  Indians  until 
1S53,  when  he  was  detailed  at  the  U.  S.  Military  Acad- 
emy as  assistant  professor  of  mathematics  until  Sep- 
tember 9,  1856,  when  he  was  made  principal  assistant 
of  the  same  branch.  In  1859-60  he  was  on  frontier 
duty  at  Fort  Brown  and  Ringgold  Barracks,  Texas,  ami 
in  1860-61  in  garrison  at  Fort  Monroe. 

lie  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  December  24,  1S53, 
and  served  in  command  of  a  light  battery  in  the  de- 
fence of  Washington  from  March  10  t<>  May  11,  1861, 
when  he  was  placed  on  duty  as  assistant  in  the  Ad- 
jutant-General's Office  at  Washington  and  brevet  cap- 
tain of  the  staff.  lie  was  adjutant-general  <>f  General 
Tyler's  division  in  the  defence  of  Washington,  and  par- 
ticipated in  the  Manassas  campaign  of  1861,  being  en- 
gaged in  the  action  at  Blackburn's  Ford  and  battle  of 
First  Bull  Run,  July  21  of  that  year.  On  the  3d  of 
August,  1861,  he  was  appointed  captain  and  assistant 
adjutant-general,  and  until  March,  1S62,  was  assistant 
in  the  Adjutant-General's  Department,  and  on  inspection 
duty  in  the  War  Department. 

Captain  Baird  was  appointed  major  and  assistant  in- 
spector-general November  12,  1S61,  and  was  assigned  to 
duty  as  inspector-general  and  chief  of  staff  of  the  Fourth 


Corps  (Army  of  the  Potomac),  participating  in  the  Vir- 
ginia  Peninsula  campaign  of  1862,  being  engaged  in  the 
siege  of  Yorktown,  and  battle  of  Williamsburg.  I  le  was 
appointed  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  April  28,  1862, 
and  was  in  command  of  the  Seventeenth  Brigade  (Army 
of  the  Ohio)  from  May  to  September,  1862,  being  en- 
gaged in  the  capture  of  Cumberland  Gap,  and  its  occu- 
pation until  evacuated.  Then  he  was  assigned  to  com- 
mand the  Third  Division  (Army  of  Kentucky)  about 
Lexington  ami  Danville,  Kentucky,  to  January,  1S63, 
when  he  participated  in  the  operations  in  Tennessee  in 
1863,  being  engaged  in  the  defence  of  Franklin  and  re- 
pulse of  Van  Dorn's  assault  on  the  place. 

General  Baird  took'  part  in  General  Rosecrans's  Ten- 
nessee campaign  of  1 863,  and  was  in  the  advance  on 
Tullahoma  and  capture  of  Shelbyville.  Crossing  the 
Cumberland  Mountains  and  Tennessee  River,  was  en- 
gaged in  the  action  at  Dug  Gap,  Pigeon  Mountain, 
Georgia ;  battle  of  Chickamauga,  where  he  especially 
distinguished  himself;  skirmish  at  Rossville,  and  oc- 
cupation  of  Chattanooga,    Tennessee,    to    October    10, 

1563.  Lie  was  in  command  of  a  division  of  the  Four- 
teenth Arm)-  Corps  in  the  occupation  and  operations 
about  Chattanooga,  Tennessee,  and  engaged  in  the  battle 
of  Missionary  Ridge,  and  pursuit  of  the  enemy  to  Ring- 
gold. He  made  a  reconnoissance  towards  Dalton, 
Georgia,  skirmishes  at  Tunnel  Hill  April  29  and  May  2, 

1564.  He  pursued  the  enemy  with  constant  skirmishing 
to  May  28,  1864,  and  participated  eventually  in  the 
Atlanta  campaign,  being  engaged  in  all  the  battles  and 
actions  pertaining  to  that  memorable  march,  termi- 
nating with  the  march  through  the  Carolinas  and  the 
surrender  of  the  rebel  army  under  General  Joseph  E. 
Johnston,  at  Durham  Station,  North  Carolina,  April  26, 
1S65. 

General  Baird  was  brevetted  lieutenant-colonel  for 
"  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of  Chicka- 
mauga, Georgia  ;"  colonel  for  the  same,  "  at  the  battle 
of  Chattanooga,  Tennessee  ;"  brigadier-general  for  the 
same,  "in  the  capture  of  Atlanta,  Georgia;"  major-gen- 
eral for  the  same,  "  in  the  field  during  the  Rebellion." 
He  was  also  brevetted  major-general  of  U.  S.  Volunteers 
September  1,  1S64,  for  "faithful  services  and  distin- 
guished conduct  during  the  Atlanta  campaign,  and  par- 
ticularly in  the  battles  of  Resaca  and  fonesborough,  and 
lor  general  good  conduct  in  command  of  his  division 
against  Savannah." 

Alter  the  war  closed,  General  Baird  occupied  man)' 
important  positions  too  numerous  to  mention  here.  He 
filled  the  sever, il  grades  of  major,  lieutenant-colonel,  and 
colonel  in  the  Inspector-General's  Department,  and  was 
appointed  brigadier-general  ( inspector-general j  Septem- 
ber 22,  1885,  and  on  the  20th  of  August,  188S,  was  re- 
tired from  active  service  by  operation  of  law. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  JOHN   W.   BARLOW. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  John  W.  Barlow  (Corps  of 
Engineers)  was  born  in  New  York  June  26,  1838,  and 
graduated  at  the  Military  Academy  May  6,  1861.  He 
was  promoted  second  lieutenant  of  the  Second  Artillery 
same  day;  promoted  first  lieutenant  May  15,  1861,  and 
transferred  to  the  Topographical  Engineers  July  24,  1862. 
He  served  in  the  field  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
participating  in  the  Peninsula  campaign  of  1862,  and 
was  engaged  in  the  battles  around  Richmond,  Virginia, 
especially  at  Malvern  Hill,  remaining  with  the  rear-guard 
during  the  movement  of  the  army  to  the  James  River, 
and  the  transfer  of  the  army  to  the  defences  of  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 

Colonel  Barlow  was  detailed  as  assistant  professor  of 
Mathematics  and  Ethics  at  the  Military  Academy  from 
September,  1862,  to  June  18,  1863,  when  he  was  ordered 
on  duty  with  the  Engineer  Battalion  of  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac  to  February  17,  1S64,  being  engaged  in 
constructing  the  bridge  over  the  Potomac  River  at  Berlin, 
Maryland,  July  18,  1863;  in  laying,  repairing,  and  guard- 
ing bridges  over  the  Rappahannock  River,  August  1-23, 
1863;  over  Bull  Run,  at  Blackburn's  Ford,  October  17, 
1863;  and  across  the  Rappahannock,  at  Kelly's  Ford, 
November  7,  1863.  He  was  engaged  in  the  Mine  Run 
operations  from  November  26  to  December  3,  1863,  and 
in  making  roads  and  reconnoissances,  building  block- 
houses and  erecting  defensive  works. 

Colonel  Barlow  was  again  detailed  as  assistant  pro- 
fessor of  mathematics  at  the  Military  Academy  from 
February  26  to  June  20,  1864.  He  was  promoted  cap- 
tain July  3,  1S63,  and  in  the  summer  of  1864  was  or- 
dered to  the  armies  of  the  West,  participating  in  the 
Georgia  campaign  from  July  12  to  August  27,  1864,  as 
chief  engineer  of  the  Seventeenth  Army  Corps,  and  was 
at  the  latter  date  granted  leave  of  absence  to  November 
13,  1864,  when  he  rejoined,  and  was  placed  in  charge  of 
the  defences  of  Nashville,  Tennessee,  where  he  remained 
until  October,  1865. 

He  participated  in  the  Pennsylvania  campaign,  and  was 
engaged  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg  ;  and  in  the  Georgia 
campaign,  and  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Atlanta,  July  22, 


1864,  and  siege  of  Atlanta  to  August  27,  1864,  including 
the  repulse  of  the  sortie  of  July  28,  1864. 

He  was  brevetted  captain  May  27,  1862,  for  "  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  Hanover  Court- 
House,  Virginia;"  major  July  4,  1864,  for  "gallant  and 
meritorious  services  in  the  Atlanta  campaign  ;"  and  lieu- 
tenant-colonel March  13,  1865,  for  "  gallant  and  merito- 
rious services  in  the  battles  before  Nashville,  Tennessee." 

At  the  close  of  the  war,  Colonel  Barlow  was  detailed 
as  superintending  engineer  of  the  construction  of  Fort 
Clinch,  Florida,  from  October  20,  1865,  to  November 
19,  1867.  He  was  at  this  time  transferred  to  the  same 
duty  at  Burlington,  Vt,  as  Superintending  Engineer  of 
Fort  Montgomery,  New  York,  and  harbor  improvements 
on  Lake  Champlain  to  May  30,  1870.  He  was  pro- 
moted major  of  Engineers  April  23,  1869,  and  lieutenant- 
colonel  March  19,  1884. 

His  duties  as  an  officer  of  Engineers  have  required  his 
services  at  Chicago,  New  London,  Milwaukee,  Chatta- 
nooga, Nashville,  and  other  stations  from  1S70  to  the 
present  time,  he  being  now  employed  as  Commissioner 
and  Engineer-in-Chief  upon  the  relocation  of  the  Inter- 
national Boundary  between  the  United  States  and  Mexico. 


26 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN  AND  BREVET  COLONEL  ALBERT  BARNITZ. 

Captain  axd  Brevet  Colonel  Albert  Barnitz  (re- 
tired) was  born  at  Everett,  Bedford  County,  Pennsyl- 
vania, March  10,  1835.  At  the  breaking  out  of  the  war 
of  the  Rebellion  he  was  pursuing  the  study  of  law,  in 
the  office  of  an  eminent  jurist,  at  Minneapolis,  Minne- 
sota, whither  he  had  gone  from  Cleveland,  Ohio,  after 
some  preparatory  study  at  Kenyon  College,  and  in  a 
local  law-school.  But  the  importunate  beating  of  war- 
drums,  and  the  startling  cry,  "  to  arms  !"  caused  him  to 
relinquish  his  cherished  opportunities  and  to  hasten  back- 
to  Cleveland,  where,  waiving  all  claims  to  immediate  pre- 
ferment, he  at  once  enlisted  as  a  private  soldier  in  the 
Second  Ohio  Cavalry,  then  organizing  on  University 
Heights, — but  was  later  enrolled  as  a  sergeant. 

The  regiment  with  which  he  was  now  associated 
had  a  remarkable  and  altogether  exceptional  career.  It 
served  in  five  different  armies,  under  twenty-four  gen- 
erals, and  campaigned  through  thirteen  States  and  the 
Indian  Territory  ;  fought  in  ninety-five  battles  and  minor 
engagements,  and  marched  an  aggregate  distance  of 
twenty-seven  thousand  miles. 

Captain  Barnitz,  meanwhile,  won  his  way,  step  by  step, 
to  the  rank  of  major.  The  command  of  the  regiment, 
however,  devolved  upon  him  at  a  critical  time,  while  he 
yet  held  the  rank  of  captain,  and  throughout  the  entire 
.Appomattox  campaign,  wherein  the  regiment  under  the 
eye  of  Custer,  and  justifying  his  enthusiastic  commen- 
dation, habitually  led  the  charge,  or  bore  the  brunt  of 
onset,  in  every  desperate  crisis ;  and  in  the  battles  of 
Dinwiddie  Court-House,  Five  Forks,  Sailor's  Creek, and 
Appomattox  Station,  well  sustained  its  old  time  prestige, 
and  fought  with  even  more  than  its  accustomed  valor ; 


;'  crowning  its  achievements  by  the  spirited  repulse,  at 
Appomattox  Court-House,  of  the  attempted  sortie  of  a 
confederate  cavalry  brigade,  while  efforts  towards  capitu- 
lation were  in  progress. 

It  is  historically  stated  that  "  from  the  27th  of  March 
to  the  surrender  of  Lee"  (Colonel  Barnitz  being  mean- 
while in  command)  "the  Second  captured,  and  turned 
over  to  the  provost-marshal,  eighteen  pieces  of  artillery, 
one  hundred  and  eighty  horses,  seventy  army  wagons, 
nine  hundred  prisoners,  and  small-arms  not  counted." 

Upon  the  reorganization  of  the  army,  in  1866,  Colonel 
Barnitz  was  commissioned  captain  of  G  Troop,  Seventh 
U.  S.  Cavalry,  and  subsequently  brevetted  major,  lieuten- 
ant-colonel, and  colonel,  in  the  regular  army. 

He  served  with  the  Seventh  Cavalry,  and  in  command 
of  his  troop  and  detachments,  on  independent  scouts 
and  other  expeditions,  in  Indian  campaigns  in  Kansas, 
Colorado,  Texas,  and  the  Indian  Territory  ;  marching 
many  thousand  miles,  and  participating  in  numerous 
engagements  with  the  Cheyennes,  Arapahoes,  Apaches, 
Kiowas,  Comanches,  and  Sioux.  He  was  with  General 
Hancock's  Expedition  on  the  Plains,  in  the  spring  of 
1867,  and  participated  in  the  seizure  and  destruction  of 
the  Cheyenne  village.  He  was  with  General  Sully  in 
pursuit  of  the  hostile  tribes  to  the  border  of  the  Staked 
Plains,  and  in  attendant  engagements  in  1868.  He  ac- 
companied General  Custer  on  the  toilsome  campaign, 
through  blizzards  and  trackless  snow,  which  culminated 
at  the  battle  of  Washita,  Indian  Territory,  November 
2j,  1868,  in  which  engagement  Colonel  Barnitz,  at  day- 
break, led  the  attack  from  below  the  village,  and  later, 
while  separated  from  his  command,  in  an  effort  to  head 
off  a  large  party  of  Indians  escaping  to  their  ponies, 
killed,  in  a  hand-to-hand  encounter,  three  warriors,  by 
one  of  whom  he  had  been  previously  shot  through  the 
body,  just  below  the  heart, — the  wound  being  pro- 
nounced mortal,  at  the  time,  by  the  surgeons  present. 
The  colonel  was  twice  seriously  wounded  during  the  war 
of  the  Rebellion.  lie  was  retired  from  active  service 
December  15,  1870,  and  makes  his  occasional  home  at 
Cleveland,  Ohio.  lie  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1881, 
but  has  never  engaged  in  active  practice  of  the  law,  as 
he  prefers  to  travel  with  his  family,  and  meanwhile  writes 
occasional  letters  for  the  Cleveland  Leader.  He  has 
gained  some  celebrity  as  a  poet,  having  written  several 
war-poems  of  remarkable  vigor,  and  others  not  less  meri- 
torious. His  graphic  war-correspondence  for  the  Cin- 
cinnati Commercial,  over  the  signature  "  A.  B,"  is  still 
favorably  remembered. 

Colonel  Barnitz  is  a  son  of  Dr.  Martin  E.  Barnitz 
and  Martha  McClintic,  of  Chambersburgh,  Pa.,  who 
emigrated  to  Ohio  in  1835.  He  is  also  a  grandson 
of  Captain  John  McClintic,  renowned  in  the  war  of 
1 81 2. 


WHO  SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


27 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  AND  BREVET  BRIGADIER- 
GENERAL  JOHN  W.  BARR1GER. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  and  Brevet  Brigadier-Gen- 
eral John  W.  Barriger  (Assistant  Commissary-General 
of  Subsistence)  was  born  in  Kentucky,  and  appointed  a 
cadet  at  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy,  from  the  same  State, 
on  the  1st  of  September,  1S52.  He  was  graduated,  and 
appointed  a  second  lieutenant  in  the  Second  U.  S.  Artil- 
lery, July  1,  1856. 

Lieutenant  Barriger  served  at  the  artillery  school  at 
Fort  Monroe,  Virginia,  in  1857-59,  anc'  >n  Light  Com- 
pany A,  of  his  regiment,  in  1859-61.  In  May,  1861, 
being  then  on  duty  in  the  defences  of  Washington,  he 
was  assigned  to  the  command  of  Fort  Ellsworth,  the 
principal  earthwork  in  front  of  Alexandria,  Virginia, 
which  he  armed  and  equipped.  He  served  in  the  Man- 
assas campaign  of  July,  1861,  as  first  lieutenant  of  Light 
Company  D,  Second  Artillery,  commanded  by  Captain 
Richard  Arnold,  and  was  engaged  with  his  battery  in 
the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  Virginia,  fought  on  the  2ist  of 
July,  1861,  for  which  he  was  brevetted  captain,  "for  gal- 
lant and  meritorious  services,"  to  date  from  July  21, 
1  Siii.  On  the  3d  of  August,  1 861,  Lieutenant  Barriger 
was  appointed  a  commissar)-  of  subsistence  with  the  rank 
of  captain,  and  ordered  to  Indianapolis,  Indiana,  for  duty  as 
chief  commissary  of  subsistence  for  the  volunteer  troops 
being  raised  in  the  State  of  Indiana.  On  the  30th  of 
November,  1861,  he  was  relieved  from  duty  at  Indian- 
apolis, and  assigned  as  chief  commissary  of  subsistence 
of  the  Department  of  Western  Virginia,  commanded  by 
General   W.   S.   Rosecrans.      From   July   to    November, 

1862,  after  the  discontinuance  of  the  Department  of 
Western  Virginia,  he  was  engaged  in  inspecting  sub- 
sistence depots  in  the  Middle  Department,  and  in  for- 
warding subsistence  stores  from  Baltimore  to  Frederick, 
Maryland,  for  the  use  of  the  Arm}-  of  the  Potomac  during 
the  Antietam  campaign.  In  December,  1862,  he  was 
ordered  to  report  to  General  J.  D.  Cox,  commanding  the 
District  of  West  Virginia,  for  duty  as  chief  commissary 
of  subsistence  of  that  district.  Upon  the  discontinuance 
of  the  District  of  West  Virginia  in  April,  1863,  he  was 
ordered  to  report  to  General  Ambrose  E.  Burnside, 
commanding  the  Department  of  the  Ohio,  for  inspection 
duty.  He  was  engaged  in  inspecting  subsistence  depots 
in  the  States  of  Ohio,  Michigan,  Illinois,  Indiana,  and 
Kentucky  from  April  to  November,  1S63.     In  November, 

1863,  Captain  Barriger  was  appointed  a  commissary  of 
subsistence  of  volunteers  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant- 
colonel,  and  ordered  to  report  to  General  John  G.  Foster, 
at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  and  accompany  him  to  Knoxville, 
Tennessee,  for  duty  as  chief  commissary  of  subsistence 
of  the  Department  of  the  Ohio.  Lieutenant-Colonel 
Barriger,  upon  arriving  at  Knoxville  in  December, 
1863,  just  after  the  raising  of  the  siege,  found  the  Army 


of  the  Ohio  at  a  distance  of  one  hundred  and  fifty  miles 
from  its  depot  of  supplies,  at  Camp  Nelson,  Kentucky, 
which  was  accessible  by  mountain  wagon-roads  only,  then 
nearly  impassable  for  loaded  wagons.  It  was  quickly  per- 
ceived that  a  better  route  of  transportation  must  speedily 
be  opened  to,  or  the  troops  withdrawn  from,  East  Ten- 
nessee. With  the  view  of  opening  the  route  from  Chat- 
tanooga to  East  Tennessee,  Lieutenant-Colonel  Barriger 
proceeded  to  Chattanooga,  under  the  orders  and  instruc- 
tions of  General  Foster,  for  conference  with  General 
George  H.  Thomas,  commanding  the  Department  and 
Army  of  the  Cumberland.  The  result  of  this  conference 
was  an  early  opening  of  the  railway  to  Loudon,  and  the 
occupancy  of  East  Tennessee  was  thereby  made  possible 
and  permanent.  General  Foster  was  the  1st  of  Febru- 
ary, 1864,  compelled  by  ill  health  to  ask  to  be  relieved  of 
his  command.  He  was  succeeded  by  General  Schofield, 
on  whose  staff  Lieutenant-Colonel  Barriger  served  as 
chief  commissary  of  subsistence  until  the  close  of  the 
Civil  War,  which  found  the  command  in  North  Carolina. 

Since  the  close  of  the  Civil  War,  General  Barriger  has 
performed  duty  as  chief  commissary  of  subsistence  of  the 
Department  of  Platte,  Department  of  South,  and  Depart- 
ment of  Missouri ;  as  purchasing  and  depot  commissary 
of  subsistence  at  Louisville,  Ky.,  Cincinnati,  O.,  Chicago, 
111.,  and  St.  Louis,  Mo. ;  and  for  six  years  as  assistant  to 
the  commissary-general  of  subsistence  at  Washington, 
D.C.  He  attained  his  present  grade — viz.,  assistant  com- 
missary-general of  subsistence,  with  the  rank  of  lieuten- 
ant colonel — March  12,  1892.  In  recognition  of  his  ser- 
vices during  the  Civil  War,  he  received,  in  addition  to  the 
brevet  of  captain  heretofore  mentioned,  the  brevets  of 
major,  lieutenant-colonel,  colonel,  and  brigadier-general. 

General  Barriger  is  the  author  of  "  Legislative  History 
of  the  Subsistence  Department  of  the  United  States 
Army  from  June  15,  1775,  to  August  15,  1876,"  and  is 
a  companion  of  the  Military  Order  of  the  Loyal  Legion. 


28 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  {regular) 


MAJOR   HENRY   ANTHONY   BARTLETT,   U.S.M.C. 

Major  Henry  Anthony  Bartlett  was  born  in  Paw- 
tuxet,  Rhode  Island,  and  was  appointed  to  the  Marine 
Corps  from  that  State.  He  served  in  the  First  Regi- 
ment Rhode  Island  Volunteers,  under  General  A.  E. 
Burnside;  on  its  being  mustered  out  of  service  he  was 
appointed  a  second  lieutenant  in  the  Marine  Corps  Sep- 
tember 8,  1S61;  Port  Royal  Marine  Battalion,  under 
Major  John  George  Reynolds,  which  left  Washington, 
October  16,  1861,  on  board  the  transport  steamer  "  Gov- 
ernor," which  foundered  at  sea,  November  3,  i86i,off 
the  coast  of  North  Carolina;  all  but  seven  of  the  four 
hundred  marines  were  rescued  by  the  frigate  "Sabine," 
Captain  Cadwalader  Ringgold,  commanding  ;  Fort  Clinch 
and  Fernandina  expedition,  February,  1862;  St.  Augus- 
tine expedition,  March,  1S62. 

Commissioned  first  lieutenant  November  26,  1861; 
stationed  at  marine  barracks,  Boston,  April,  1862,  to 
July,  1862;  commanding  guard  of  the  ironclad  frigate 
"  New  Ironsides,"  from  July,  1S62,  to  August,  1864;  in 
charge  of  after-division  of  two  eleven-inch  guns,  manned 
by  the  marine  guard,  at  bombardment  of  Morris  Island, 
Sumter,  and  Moultrie.  April  7,  1863,  Flag-Officer  DuPont 
aboard  "  Ironsides"  as  his  flagship  ;  in  twenty-six  other 
engagements  with  Forts  Wagner,  Gregg,  Sumter,  Moul- 
trie,  Bee,  and   other   forts   ami   batteries    in    Charleston 


harbor;  commanded  a  battalion  of  three  hundred  and 
twenty  marines  and  one  hundred  and  twenty  sailors  that 
lauded  at  Morris  Island,  Jul)',  1863,  as  a  storming-party ; 
in  command  of  a  battalion  of  marines  on  expedition 
to  St.  John's  River  and  Jacksonville,  February,  1S64; 
marine  barracks,  Brooklyn,  August,  1 864,  to  March,  1 865  ; 
1S64-65,  commanded  troops  and  assisted  the  revenue 
officers  in  breaking  up  whiskey  distilleries;  receiving- 
ship  "  North  Carolina,"  from  March,  1865,  to  Septem- 
ber, 1865  ;  marine  barracks,  Boston,  September,  1865,  to 
March,  1 866  ;  steam  frigate  "  Chattanooga,"  special  cruise, 
March,  1 S66,  to  September,  1866;  steam  sloop  "  Sacra- 
mento," special  cruise,  September,  1866,  to  November, 
1867  ;  aboard  at  the  time  she  was  wrecked  on  the  Coro- 
mandel  coast,  Bay  of  Bengal,  India. 

Commissioned  a  captain  November  29,  1867;  marine 
barracks,  Boston,  December  6,  1867,  to  September,  1868  ; 
fleet  marine  officer  flagship  "  Contoocook,"  September, 
1868,  to  ( )ctober,  1869;  marine  barracks,  Boston,  De- 
cember 6,  1S69.  to  February  4,  1S70;  receiving-ship 
"Vermont,"  February  10,  1870,  to  September  23,  1870; 
special  duty  on  Tehuantepec  surveying  expedition,  under 
command  of  Captain  Shufeldt,  September,  1870,  to  Sep- 
tember, 1 87  i;  receiving-ship  "  Vermont,"  October,  1 87 1, 
to  June,  1872;  fleet  marine  officer  flagship  "  Hartford," 
Asiatic  Station,  October,  1872,  to  October,  1875  ;  judge- 
advocate,  Navy  and  Marine  Corps,  from  November,  1875, 
to  August,  1879;  head-quarters  Marine  Corps,  Washing- 
ton, D.  C,  August,  1879,  to  February  26,  1880;  training- 
ship  "  Minnesota,"  March  1,  1880,  to  August  8,  1881; 
commanding  head-quarters  Marine  Corps,  Washington, 
.August  12,  1 88 1,  to  November  21,  1881 ;  special  duty 
Navy  Department,  November,  1881,  to  March,  1882; 
receiving-ship  "  Colorado,"  March,  18S2,  to  September 
1,  1883  ;  fleet  marine  officer  flagship  "  Trenton,"  Asiatic 
Station,  September  1,  1S83,  to  September  22,  1886; 
commanding  marine  barracks,  Norfolk,  Virginia,  January 
1,  1887,  to  April  16,  1887;  commanding  marine  bar- 
racks, Annapolis,  Maryland,  April  20,  1887,  to  April  1, 
1 89 1  ;  graduated  at  the  Torpedo  School,  Newport,  Rhode 
Island,  [888. 

Commissioned  major  January  29,  1891  ;  commanding 
marine  barracks,  League  Island,  from  April  I,  1891,  to 
June,  1 89 1  ;  commanding  marine  barracks,  Mare  Island, 
August  1,  1891. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


29 


MEDICAL-DIRECTOR   NEWTON   L.   BATES. 

Dr.  Bates  was  born  in  New  York,  and  appointee! 
assistant  surgeon  from  that  State  in  July,  1861.  His 
first  service  was  at  the  Naval  Hospital  at  New  York. 
He  then  served  in  the  "  Seneca,"  in  the  South  Atlantic 
Squadron,  in  1861-62. 

He  was  on  duty  at  the  Naval  Laboratory  at  New  York 
in  1862-63.  That  was  then  a  very  busy  place,  and  to  fill 
the  requisitions  required  the  devoted  exertions  of  those 
on  duty  there, — while  it  is  a  kind  of  duty  requisite  for 
the  completeness  of  naval  outfits  which  seldom  receives 
recognition. 

Dr.  Bates  then  went  to  the  Mississippi,  and  served  in 
the  ironclad  "  Benton"  in  1863-64,  partaking  in  her  work 
during  that  time.  He  was  again  stationed  at  the  Naval 
Laboratory  from  1864  to  1867.  He  was  commissioned 
as  surgeon  September,  1865,  and  served  in  the  "  Ports- 
mouth" during  1867-68,  and  the  "  Swatara"  during  1868 
-69.  He  went  directly  to  the  "  Miantonomah,"  and 
served  in  her  in  1869-70.  He  was  attached  to  the 
U.  S.  S.  "Pawnee"  in  1870-71,  and  to  the  navy-yard  at 
Norfolk,  Virginia,  from  1871  to  1873.  He  was  fleet- 
surgeon  on  board  the  flagship  "  Brooklyn,"  of  the  South 
Atlantic  Squadron  (Admiral  Leroy),  from  1873  to  1876. 
For  two  years  after  this  he  was  attached  to  the  "  Min- 
nesota." He  was  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Examiners, 
187S-80. 

Dr.  Bates  was    made  medical    inspector  in    January, 


1 88 1,  and  was  in  charge  of  the  Naval  Hospital  at  Yoko- 
hama, Japan,  for  some  time  ;  after  which  he  served  in  the 
flagship  "  Lancaster"  as  fleet-surgeon  up  to  1S84. 

Coming  to  the  East  again,  he  was  for  three  years  on 
special  duty  at  Washington,  where  he  made  many  friends 
by  his  skilful  treatment  and  sympathy  with  his  patients. 
He  next  served  in  three  flagships, — the  "  Trenton"  in 
1SS7,  the  "  Richmond"  in  iSSS,  and  the  "  Pensacola"  in 
the  same  year.  He  became  medical  director  in  Septem- 
ber, 1888.  Since  then  he  has  been  in  charge  of  the 
Naval  Hospital  at  Mare  Island,  California. 


30 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN   WILLIAM   H.    BECK. 

Captain-  William  H.  Beck  (Tenth  Cavalry)  was 
born  in  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania.  At  the  first  call  for 
troops  by  the  President,  at  the  breaking  out  of  the  war 
of  the  Rebellion,  he  entered  the  volunteer  service  as 
corporal  of  Company  B,  Tenth  Illinois  Volunteer  Infantry, 
April    [6,  1861,  and  was  honorably  discharged  July  29, 


1 86 1.  He  then  re-entered  the  service  as  quartermaster- 
sergeant  of  the  Sixth  Illinois  Cavalry,  September  21,  1S61, 
and  promoted  first  lieutenant  October  21,  1862. 

He  served  in  the  armies  of  the  West,  in  the  field,  and 
was  engaged  in  action  at  Coldwater,  Mississippi,  October 
21,  1862,  where  he  was  severely  wounded,  and  resigned 
his  volunteer  commission  February  28,  1863. 

Captain  Beck  did  not  again  enter  the  service  during  the 
war,  but  was  appointed  to  the  regular  service,  as  second 
lieutenant  of  the  Tenth  Cavalry,  June  18,  1867,  and  was 
promoted  first  lieutenant  December  11,  [867.  He  served 
in  the  field  in  Mexico  and  Arizona,  participating  in  nu- 
merous campaigns,  and  was  engaged  in  actions  against 
numerous  Apache  Indians  at  Sierra  Carmen,  Mexico, 
November  1,  1877.  He  participated  in  action  with 
Victorio,  at  Tenajos  de  los  Palmos,  Texas,  Jul}-  30, 
[880,  and  also  with  the  same  at  Rattlesnake  Canon, 
August  6,  1880.  He  also  participated  in  the  capture  of 
the  Chiricahua  Indians  at  Fort  Apache,  Arizona,  August 
30,  1886. 

Captain  Beck  performed  the  duties  of  adjutant  of  the 
Sixth  Illinois  Cavalry  from  November  1,  1862,  to  Febru- 
ary 28,  1863,  and  was  acting  assistant  quartermaster  of 
the  district  in  1880.  He  was  promoted  captain  Tenth 
Cavalry  December  23,  1887. 

In  1892  his  regiment  was  ordered  to  the  Department 
of  Dakota,  and  is  now  en  route  to  stations  therein. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


3i 


COLONEL    AND    BREVET    MAJOR-GENERAL    AMOS 

BECKWITH    (RETIRED). 

Colonel  and  Brevet  Major-General  Amos  Beck- 
witii  was  born  in  Vermont  on  the  4th  of  October,  1825, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  Military  Academy  July  I, 
1850.  lie  was  promoted  a  brevet  second  lieutenant  in 
the  artillery,  and  served  in  the  hostilities  against  the 
Seminole  Indians,  in  Florida,  from  1850  to  1853,  in  the 
mean  time  having  been  promoted  to  second  lieutenant, 
First  U.  S.  .Artillery,  February  22,  1 851.  He  served  at 
Forts  Monroe  and  McIIenry  during  the  years  of  1853-55, 
and  was  promoted  to  first  lieutenant  August  21,  1854. 

After  having  served  at  Fort  Monroe,  Key  West,  and 
Barrancas,  he  was  ordered  on  frontier  at  Fort  Leaven- 
worth, Kansas,  from  which  place  he  was  ordered,  at  the 
commencement  of  the  Rebellion,  to  Washington,  'D.  C, 
being  a  first  lieutenant  at  the  time  in  Colonel  Magruder's 
battery  of  light  artillery.  In  less  than  one  year  he  and 
thirteen  either  officers  were  taken  from  that  regiment  for 
the  Staff  Corps,  he  being  appointed  captain  and  com- 
missary of  subsistence  May  10,  1861,  and  performing 
the  duties  of  chief  depot  commissary  of  subsistence  at 
Washington,  D.  C,  to  January  15,  1864,  having  been, 
during  that  time,  promoted  major  September  29,  1861, 
and  colonel  and  additional  aide-de-camp  January  1,  1862, 
holding  the  latter  appointment  until  May  31,  1866. 

Colonel  Beckwith  was  engaged  cm  a  tour  of  inspection 
of  the  commissary  department  in  the  Department  of  Ohio, 
the  Cumberland,  Tennessee,  and  the  Gulf,  from  February 
5  to  April  13,  1864,  and  from  April,  1864,  to  July,  1865, 
he  was  chief  commissary  of  subsistence  of  the  military 
division  of  the  Mississippi,  on  the  staff  of  Major-Gen- 
eral  Sherman,  being  present  with  his  armies  in  their 
battles,  marches,  etc.  His  labors  were  not  confined  to 
his  own  duties,  but  he  often  aided  others, — acting  in  the 
quartermaster's  department  when  requested  or  necessi- 
tated to  do  so. 

He  was  made  brevet  lieutenant-colonel  and  brevet 
colonel  September  I,  1864,  "for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  in  the  campaign  against  Atlanta,  Georgia ;" 
brevet  brigadier-general  U.  S.  Volunteers,  January  12, 
1865;  brevet  brigadier-general  U.  S.  Army,  March  13, 
1865,  "for  gallant  and  meritorious  service  in  the  cam- 
paign terminating  with  the  surrender  of  the  insurgent 
army  under  General  Joseph  E.  Johnston  ;"  brevet  major- 
general  U.  S.  Army,  March  13,  1865,  "for  faithful  and 
meritorious  service  in  the  subsistence  department  during 
the  Rebellion." 


After  the  close  of  field  operations  he  went  to  St.  Louis, 
Missouri,  then  served  as  supervising  commissary  of  sub- 
sistence for  the  Department  of  the  Gulf  States  and  depot 
commissary  of  subsistence,  New  Orleans,  Louisiana ; 
as  chief  commissary  of  subsistence,  Department  of  the 
Gulf,  of  the  Fifth  Military  I  )istrict  (  Louisiana  and  Texas), 
and  in  other  important  capacities  in  the  Southern  and 
Southwestern  States.  During  his  tour  of  duty  in  New 
Orleans,  Louisiana,  he  passed  through  a  disastrous  yel- 
low-fever epidemic  which  nearly  terminated  his  career. 

General  Beckwith  served  as  chief  commissary,  Depart- 
ment of  the  Gulf,  to  March  28,  1874.  Having  been  pro- 
moted lieutenant-colonel  and  assistant  commissary-gen- 
eral of  subsistence  June  23,  1874,  he  was  ordered  to 
Washington,  D.  C,  in  the  office  of  the  commissary-general 
of  subsistence,  and,  after  a  few  months,  took  station  at 
St.  Louis,  Missouri,  as  purchasing  and  depot  commis- 
sary, where  he  remained  from  June  7,  1875,  to  October 
4.  1889. 

On  the  28th  (if  August,  1888,  he  was  promoted  colonel 
and  assistant  commissary-general  of  subsistence,  and  was 
retired  from  active  service,  by  operation  of  law,  October 
4.  1889. 

The  following  is  taken  from  an  editorial  in  the  Army 
and  Navy  Journal  upon  the  retirement  of  General  Beck- 
with : 

"  Although  not  connected  directly  with  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac,  General  McClellan,  in  his  official  report, 
handsomely  refers  to  the  valuable  services  of  this  officer. 
So  highly  was  he  regarded  by  the  late  President  Lincoln, 
who  knew  him  intimately,  that  a  position  in  the  adjutant- 
general's  department,  afterwards  filled  by  General  Drum, 
was  tendered  him,  and  also,  about  the  same  time,  a 
position  in  the  quartermaster's  department.  At  the 
solicitation  of  prominent  officials,  he  was  induced  to 
accept,  in  preference,  a  place  in  the  subsistence  depart- 
ment. Naturally  of  a  meditative  habit  of  mind,  reserved 
and  uncommunicative,  General  Beckwith's  real  ability 
was  not  always  understood  until  necessity  for  action 
gave  opportunity  for  the  manifestation  of  his  energy  and 
persistence  of  purpose.  Then  difficulties  seemed  to  in- 
tensify his  force,  and  no  temporary  defeat  could  turn 
him  from  his  purpose.  Rising  always  to  the  greatness 
of  the  occasion,  he  never  failed  in  the  performance  of 
his  duties,  whatever  their  magnitude.  With  his  retire- 
ment from  active  service,  the  subsistence  department 
loses  one  of  the  ablest  officers  of  the  United  States 
Army,  and  one  whose  devotion  to  the  obligations  of 
duty  and  honor  is  an  example  to  others." 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (regular) 


REAR-ADMIRAL   GEORGE   E.   BELKNAP. 

Rear-Admiral  George  E.  Belknap  was  born  in  New 
Hampshire  in  January,  1832,  and  appointed  midshipman 
from  that  State  in  October,  1847.  After  serving  in  the 
African  and  Pacific  Squadrons,  he  went  to  the  Naval 
Academy,  and  became  passed  midshipman  in  1853.  After 
serving  on  the  Coast  Survey,  and  as  acting  master  of 
two  sloops-of-war,  he  was  promoted  master  in  1855,  and 
lieutenant  in  the  same  year.  After  short  shore-service, 
he  went  to  China  in  the  "  Portsmouth  ;"  commanded  a 
howitzer-launch  at  the  capture  of  the  Barrier  Forts,  in 
the  Canton  River,  November,  1856.  The  forts  were  four 
in  number,  and  mounted  one  hundred  and  seventy-six- 
guns  of  all  kinds.  He  assisted  in  undermining  and 
blowing  up  these  works  after  capture.  In  1861  he  com- 
manded the  boats  of  the  "  St.  Louis"  at  both  reinforce- 
ments of  Fort  Pickens.  While  attached  to  the  "  Huron," 
in  1861-62,  he  was  in  the  expedition  against  Fernandina, 
St.  John's,  St.  Mary's,  St.  Augustine,  etc. 

Lieutenant-commander  July,  1862.  Executive-officer 
of  the  "  New  Ironsides"  in  twenty-seven  engagements 
with  Forts  Wagner,  Sumter,  Moultrie,  Batteries  Bee, 
Beauregard,  etc.,  of  the  defences  of  Charleston.  After 
commanding  gunboat  "  Seneca,"  he  commanded  the  iron- 
clad  "  Canonicus"  in  two  actions  with  the  Howlett  Horse- 
Battery  in  December,  1864,  and  at  both  battles  of  Fort 
Fisher,  taking  the  advanced  position.  .After  the  capture 
of  Fort  Fisher  he  proceeded  to  Charleston,  and,  after 
firing  the  last  shot  at  its  defences,  was  present  at  the 
evacuation.  He  then  went  to  Havana,  with  Admiral 
Gordon,  in  quest  of  the  ironclad  "  Stonewall." 


Commanded  "  Shenandoah,"  in  Asiatic  Squadron,  in 
1 866-67. 

Commander  July,  1S66.  Commanded  "Hartford," 
Asiatic  Squadron  flagship,  1867-68.  During  this  time 
commanded  expedition  against  Formosan  natives.  After 
a  tour  of  shore  duty  was  ordered  to  command  of  "  Tus- 
carora,"  and  went  to  the  Pacific.  Co-operated  with  Sel- 
fridge's  party  in  the  Darien  survey.  In  May,  1873,  in 
command  of  "  Tuscarora,"  went  to  make  deep-sea  sound- 
ings between  the  western  coast  of  the  United  States  and 
the  coast  of  Japan,  to  test  the  feasibility  of  a  submarine 
cable.  I  lis  adaptation  of  Sir  William  Thomson's  ma- 
chine, and  his  success  in  obtainim?  soundings  with  wire 
at  great  depths,  are  well  known.  He  ascertained  the 
"  true  continental  outline"  from  Cape  Flattery  to  San 
Diego,  and  ran  a  line  of  soundings  from  San  Diego  to 
Yokohama,  I'l/i  the  Hawaiian  and  Brown  Islands,  and 
from  Yokohama  to  Cape  Flatten",  via  the  Aleutian 
Islands.  Off  the  Japan  coast  he  found  the  most  ex- 
traordinary depths  ever  known, — more  than  five  and 
one-fourth  statute  miles.  He  is  the  inventor  of  several 
cylinders  for  bringing  specimens  from  ocean-bed,  which 
are  in  use  in  the  naval  service  and  the  coast  survey. 

For  these  successes  he  received  the  public  and  em- 
phatic recognition  of  Sir  William  Thomson  and  many 
other  scientific  men. 

Commander  Belknap  was  senior  officer  present  at 
Honolulu  when  serious  political  disturbances  arose,  and 
he  landed  a  force  from  the  "  Tuscarora"  and  the  "  Ports- 
mouth" which  preserved  order  for  several  days.  For 
this  he  had  the  thanks  of  the  king,  the  chambers,  and 
the  consular  corps.  He  then  served  as  hydrographic 
inspector,  and  in  command  of  "  Ohio."  With  impaired 
health  from  exposure  in  deep-sea  work,  he  was  obliged 
to  go  South,  and  was  ordered  as  captain  of  Pensacola 
Navy- Yard.  During  1875  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Board  of  Visitors  to  Naval  Academy,  and,  later,  member 
of  the  Board  of  Examiners  of  Midshipmen.  In  187611c 
was  detached  from  duty  at  Pensacola  and  put  on  special 
duty  in  reference  to  deep-sea  soundings.  Afterwards  he 
returned  to  Pensacola  as  commandant,  and  remained 
there  three  years,  lie  then  commanded  the  "  Alaska" 
in  the  Pacific,  and  was  attached  to  the  navy-yard  at  Nor- 
folk. In  1885  he  was  promoted  to  be  commodore,  and 
was  superintendent  of  the  Naval  Observatory  in  1885  ; 
was  commandant  of  the  navy-yard  at  Mare  Island  in 
[886-90.  He  was  promoted  to  be  rear-admiral  in  Feb- 
ruary, [889,  and  commanded  the  Asiatic  Station  until 
1892. 


117/0   SERVED    TN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


33 


COLONEL    AND    BREVET    MAJOR-GENERAL    HENRY 

W  .    BENHAM. 

Colonel  and  Brevet  Major-General  Henry  W. 
Benham  was  born  in  Connecticut.  Graduated  first  in 
his  class  at  the  Military  Academy  July  i,  1 S37  ;  bre- 
vet second  lieutenant  Engineers  July  1,  1837;  assistant 
engineer  on  the  improvement  of  Savannah  River,  Geor- 
gia, 1837-38;  first  lieutenant  July  7,1838;  superintend- 
ing engineer  of  repairs  of  Fort  Marion  and  St.  Augus- 
tine sea-wall,  Florida,  1839-44;  of  repairs  of  defences  of 
Annapolis  Harbor  1844-45;  repairs  of  St.  Augustine 
sea-wall,  Florida,  [845—46;  Forts  Mifflin  and  McHenry 
1 845  ;  repairs  of  Forts  Madison  and  Washington  1  K46-47  ; 
in  war  with  Mexico,  engineer  on  staffs  of  Generals  Taylor 
and  Wool ;  engaged  and  wounded  in  the  battle  of  Buena 
Vista  February,  1847;  brevet  captain  February  25,  1847, 
for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  in  battle  of  Buena 
Vista,  General  Scott  recommending  a  second  brevet  of 
major  for  "his  great  services"  in  that  action;  served  on 
various  engineer  duties  from  1 S47  to  breaking  out  of 
Civil  War,  and  part  of  the  time  was  on  duty  in  Europe. 
In  1855  was  selected  from  the  engineers  for  promotion 
in  the  new  regiments,  but  declined  to  be  major  of  the 
Ninth  Infantry  March.  3,  1855;  served  during  the  rebel- 
lion of  the  seceding  States  1861-66;  as  chief  engineer 
of  General  McClellan,  Department  of  the  Ohio,  May  14 
to  Jul)-  22,  1861,  laying  out  and  building  fortifications  at 
Cairo  and  Bird's  Point ;  was  temporarily  on  the  staff  of 
General  T.  A.  Morris,  in  military  operations  at  Laurel 
Hill,  West  Virginia,  July  6-1 1,  1861  ;  and  in  command  of 
all  the  troops  that  pursued,  routed,  and  killed  General 
Robert  S.  Garnett,  capturing  his  trains  with  artillery,  and 
thus,  as  the  general  commanding  reported,  "  Secession 
was  dead  in  West  Virginia."  Was  brevet  colonel  July 
13,  1 86 1,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle 
of  Carrick's  Ford,  Virginia;  this  commission  (the  first 
battle-brevet  of  the  war)  made  him  the  senior  brevet 
major-general  of  the  Corps  of  Engineers  ;  and  he  was 
recommended  to  be  brevet  brigadier-general  by  the  board 
of  general  officers  for  this  action  ;  major  Corps  of  En- 
gineers August  6,  1 861;  brigadier-general  U.  S.  Volun- 
teers August  13,  1861  ;  in  West  Virginia  campaign  August 
to  November,  1861  ;  in  command  <>f  brigade  at  New 
Creek  August  16,  1861  ;  commanded  the  leading  and  only 
brigade  engaged  at  the  action  and  rout  of  Floyd,  at  Car- 
nifex  Ferry,  September  10,  1861  ;  and  on  November  14 
to  16,  1861,  in  the  skirmishes  and  second  rout  of  Floyd, 
from  Cotton  Hill  to  Raleigh,  West  Virginia,  with  great 
loss  of  baggage  and  trains,  and  his  chief  of  cavalry,  Col- 
onel Croghan,  killed.  Was  present  and  in  command  at  the 
bombardment  and  capture  of  Fort  Pulaski,  Georgia,  April 
10-11,  1S62;  lieutenant-colonel  Corps  of  Engineers 
March   3,    1863;  reorganized  and  commanded  engineer 


brigade  (Army  of  the  Potomac),  being  engaged  in  throw- 
ing pontoon  bridges  across  the  Rappahannock  for  the 
passage  and  retreat  of  the  army  at  Chancellorsville, 
April  29  to  May  5,  1863  ;  his  horse  shot  under  him  at  the 
"crossing"  below  Fredericksburg  April  29,  1863;  laid 
the  pontoon  bridges  at  Franklin's  crossing  in  face  of  the 
enemy  June  5,  1863;  reorganized  the  pontoon  trains  at 
Washington  July,  1863,  to  May,  1864;  and  laid  most  of 
the  pontoon  bridges  for  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  from 
May,  1S64,  to  May,  1865  ;  one  of  them  over  the  James 
River,  at  Fort  Powhatan,  June  1  3,  1 S64,  was  two  thousand 
two  hundred  feet  long,  and  built  in  five  hours  ;  in  the  mean 
time  constructed  and  commanded  the  defences  at  City 
Point,  Virginia,  covering  as  a  reserve  the  main  depots  and 
head-quarters  of  General  Grant ;  and  served  with  his  com- 
mand in  the  lines  in  front  of  Petersburg  ;  brevet  brigadier- 
general  U.  S.  Army  March  13,  1865,  for  gallant  and  meri- 
torious services  in  the  campaign  terminating  with  the  sur- 
render of  the  insurgent  army  under  General  R.  E.  Lee; 
April  3,  1865,  joined  in  taking  possession  of  Petersburg, 
and  was  placed  in  command  of  that  city,  moving  thence  to 
Burkesville  and  towards  the  Roanoke  River,  to  act  against 
Johnston ;  repairing  bridges  across  Appomattox  and 
Staunton  Rivers  April  3-23,  1865;  and  on  march  to 
Washington,  D.  C,  May  to  June,  1865;  brevet  major- 
general  U.  S.  Vols,  for  faithful  services  during  the  Rebel- 
lion; brevet  major-general  U.  S.  A.  March  13,  1865,  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  services  during  the  Rebellion  ; 
mustered  out  of  volunteer  service  Jan.  1  5,  1866,  and  took 
charge  of  the  sea-walls  in  Boston  Harbor;  of  the  defences 
of  Provincetown,  Mass.  ;  colonel  Corps  of  Engineers 
March  7,  1 867,  and  as  member  and  president  of  the  Board 
of  Engineers  June  20,  1865,  to  May  18,  1867;  after  July, 
1877,  in  charge  of  inner  defences  of  N.  Y.  Harbor,  and  of 
the  forts  at  N.  Y.  Narrows,  Sandy  Hook,  N.  J.,  and  Lake 
Champlain  ;  retired  June  30,  1882.  He  died  at  New  York 
City  June  1,  1SS4. 


34 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  ^regular) 


MAJOR   AND   BREVET  COLONEL   FREDERICK   W. 
BENTEEN  (retired). 

Major  and  Brevet  Colonel  Frederick  W.  Benteen 
was  born  in  Petersburg,  Virginia,  August  24,  1834.  Ik- 
entered  the  military  service  at  the  breaking  out  of  the 
war  of  the  Rebellion  as  a  first  lieutenant  in  the  Tenth 
Missouri  Cavalry,  in  which  regiment  he  subsequently 
rose  to  the  rank  oi  lieutenant-colonel,  and  was  appointed 
colonel  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Thirty-eighth  U.  S. 
Colored  Troops  July  15,  1X65. 

Colonel  Benteen's  service  in  the  held  during  the  war 
was  with  the  Western  armies,  participating  in  the  follow- 


ing engagements:  Actions  of  Wet  Glaze,  Springfield,  Sa- 
lem, Second  Springfield,  Cane  Creek,  Sugar  Creek  ;  battle 
of  l'ea  Ridge;  actions  of  Batesville,  Kickapoo,  Cotton 
Plant ;  defence  of  Helena,  Arkansas  ;  actions  of  Milliken's 
Rend,  Bolivar,  and  Greenville;  engaged  at  the  actions  of 
Tuscumbia,  Tupelo  and  Alabama  Valley;  the  battle  of 
Iuka,  Mississippi ;  action  of  Florence  ;  siege  of  Vicksburg  ; 
action  of  Brandon  Station;  capture  of  Jackson  ;  raid  to 
Meridian,  and  action  of  Bolivar;  at  the  actions  of  Big 
Blue  Osage,  Charlotte  Prairie,  Pleasant  Rid^e,  Monte- 
vallo ;  assault  and  capture  of  Selma,  Alabama,  and  Co- 
lumbus, Georgia. 

Colonel  Benteen  commanded  his  regiment  at  the  battle 
of  Iuka  and  action  of  Montevallo,  and  a  brigade  at  the 
action  of  Big  Blue  Osage,  and  at  the  close  of  the  war  was 
mustered  out  January  6,  1 866,  but  subsequently  appointed 
captain  in  the  Seventh  LT.  S.  Cavalry,  to  date  from  July, 
1 866.  He  was  then  ordered  to  the  plains  and  served  at 
man}'  posts  and  on  campaign  duty,  participating  in  the 
engagement  with  hostile  Indians  on  the  Saline  River, 
Kansas,  and  in  the  Big  Horn  and  Yellowstone  expedition 
of  1  cSj6,  his  company  forming  part  of  the  ill-fated  Custer's 
command. 

He  was  made  brevet  major  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  at  the  battle  of  the  ( >sage,  Missouri :  brevet  lieu- 
tenant-colonel for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the 
charge  on  Columbus,  Georgia  ;  brevet  colonel  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  conduct  in  the  engagement  with  hostile 
Indians  on  the  Saline  River,  Kansas. 

He  was  promoted  major  of  the  Ninth  U.  S.  Cavalry 
December  17,  [882,  and  retired  for  disability  in  the  line 
of  duty  July  7,  1888. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


35 


MAJOR   EDWIN  BENTLEY. 

Dr.  Edwin  Bentley  was  born  in  New  London  ( !ounty, 

Connecticut  and  in  the  national  contest,  Dr.  Bentley 
became  incited  by  the  fullest  patriotism  and  devotion  for 
the  nation's  cause,  and  he  immediately  took  an  active 
part,  in  season  and  out  of  season, — at  all  times  engaged  in 
caring  for  the  sick  and  wounded,  in  which,  for  continued 
service  and  number  of  operations  made,  he  was  equalled  by 
few  and  excelled  by  none.  For  years  he  had  thousands 
of  wounded  men  under  his  care,  and  at  times  more  than 
a  hundred  medical  officers  under  his  charge.  All  this  he 
conducted — with  the  vast  property  responsibility — with- 
out a  controversy,  or  arrest  of  either  officer  or  soldier 
subject  to  his  orders.  The  following  is  gleaned  from  the 
official  records,  and  is  offered  as  a  brief  exhibit  of  his 
military  service,  which  embraces  an  experience  in  the 
field,  camp,  post,  general  hospital,  and  Libby  prison  at 
Richmond  in  i  S62. 

Statement  of  the  military  service  of  Surgeon  Edwin 
Bentley,  of  the  U.  S.  Arm)-,  compiled  from  the  records 
of  the  War  Department,  Washington  : 

He  was  mustered  into  the  sen-ice  as  assistant  surgeon, 
Fourth  Connecticut  Infantry,  June  6,  1861.  He  was  ap- 
pointed surgeon,  U.  S.  Volunteers,  September  4,  1861, 
and  honorably  mustered  out  January  4,  1S66.  He  re- 
ceived the  brevet  of  lieutenant-colonel  March  13,  [865, 
for  faithful  and  meritorious  service  during  the  war.  He 
served  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  in  F.  J.  Porter's 
division,  until  the  autumn  of  1862;  then  in  charge  of 
General  Hospital  at  Alexandria,  Virginia,  and  subse- 
quently as  superintendent  of  hospitals  at  that  place  to 
April,  1866;  was  post-surgeon  at  Russell  Barracks, 
D.  C,  until  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service. 

Was  appointed  assistant  surgeon,  U.S.A.,  February  S, 
1  S(')6,— service  being  continuous  from  the  volunteer  to 
the  regular;  captain  and  assistant  surgeon  July  2^,  1866; 
major  and  surgeon  Jul)-  12,  1879.  He  remained  on  duty 
at  Russell  Barracks,  D.  C,  to  December,  1868;  at  Lin- 
coln Barracks,  D.  C,  to  April,  1869;  at  Camp  Reynolds, 
California,  to  August,  1869;  then  as  post-surgeon  at 
Point  San  Jose,  California,  January,  1871  ;  April  17,  1873, 
with  Batteries  B,  C,  and  G,  Fourth  Artillery,  to  Modoc 
expedition, — in  lava  beds,  at  head-quarters  of  General 
Gillem,  south  side  of  Yula  Lake,  transporting  wounded, 
at  the  conclusion  of  the  war,  from  the  field-hospital,  of 


which  he  was  in  charge,  to  Fort  Klamath,  Oregon.  He 
rejoined  his  proper  station  at  Point  San  Jose,  California, 
where  he  remained  post-surgeon  until  1874.  Also  on 
duty  at  Alcatraz  Island,  at  the  Presidio  of  San  Francisco, 
California;  at  Camp  Bidwell,  California.  February,  1875, 
recorder  of  Medical  Examining  Board  and  attending  sur- 
geon at  San  Francisco,  California.  In  1876  he  was  on 
leave  of  absence,  to  enable  him  to  study  mental  diseases 
and  morbid  anatomy  of  the  nervous  system,  being  super- 
intendent of  the  Napa  Insane  Asylum,  California.  Feb- 
ruary, 1877,  on  duty,  with  the  Sixteenth  Infantry,  at  New 
(  Irleans,  Louisiana,  where,  finding  an  epidemic  of  small- 
pox producing  much  alarm  among  the  troops  of  the 
command,  he  established  a  pest-hospital,  by  order  of  the 
commanding  general,  and  for  his  success  in  its  manage- 
ment and  devotion  to  the  patients  he  received  a  special 
letter  of  commendation  from  the  medical  director  of  the 
department.  In  1887  he  was  on  duty  as  post-surgeon  at 
Little  Rock  Barracks;  on  duty  in  Pennsylvania  during 
the  labor  strikes;  also  medical  director  of  the  Depart- 
ment of  Arkansas.  In  1884  he  was  post-surgeon  at 
Fort  Clark,  Texas,  and  post-surgeon  at  Fort  Brown, 
Texas,  in  1886;  was  retired  in  1888;  was  professor  of 
anatomy  in  Pacific  Medical  College,  California,  and  pro- 
fessor of  surgery  in  the  medical  department  of  the 
Industrial  University  of  Arkansas  since  its  organization. 


36 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN   ERIC   BF.RGLANO. 

Captain  Eric  Bergland  (Corps  of  Engineers,  U.S.A.) 

enlisted  at  the  age  of  seventeen  in  Company  D,  Fifty- 
seventh  Illinois  Volunteer  Infantry,  September  14,  [861. 
In  December,  1NG1,  was  mustered  into  service  as  second 
lieutenant,  and  in  April,  1862,  he  was  promoted  to  first 
lieutenant,  in  which  capacity  he  served  until  the  regiment 
was  mustered  out  of  service,  the  war  being  ended,  July 
7,  [865.  During  his  connection  with  the  Fifty-seventh 
Illinois  Volunteer  Infantry,  he  took  part  in  the  capture 
of  Fort  Donelson,  and  the  battles  of  Shiloh,  Corinth, 
and  Resaca.  While  in  the  field  at  Rome,  Georgia,  in 
the  autumn  of  1864,  he  received  an  appointment  as 
cadet  at  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy  at  West  Point. 
On  reporting  to  Superintendent  of  Military  Academy 
November  16,  he  was  informed  that  his  class  was  al- 
ready w'ell  advanced  in  their  studies,  and  that  it  would 
require  considerable  previous  knowledge  of  mathematics 
to  be  able  to  make  up  before  examination  for  the  time 
lost;  as  before  enlisting  in  the  army  he  had  only  en- 


joyed the  advantages  of  a  village  school  and  knew  noth- 
ing of  the  higher  mathematics,  he  thought  it  highly 
improbable  that  he  would  be  able  to  prepare  for  the  first 
examination  after  being  nearly  two  months  behind  his 
classmates.  On  the  advice  of  the  Superintendent,  he 
therefore  applied  to  the  Secretary  of  War  to  have  his 
appointment  extended  to  the  following  June,  when  he 
could  enter  on  equal  terms  with  other  members  of  his 
class.  This  request  was  granted,  and  he  was  in  the 
mean  time  ordered  to  Johnson's  Island,  Ohio,  for  duty  as 
assistant  to  Captain  Tardy,  Corps  of  Engineers,  until 
June  1,  1865. 

Me  graduated  June  15,  1869,  at  the  head  of  his  class, 
and  as  the  staff  corps  had  just  previously  been  closed  by 
Act  of  Congress,  he  was  commissioned  second  lieutenant 
Fifth  Artillery,  and  stationed  at  Fort  Warren,  Massachu- 
setts, and  Fort  Trumbull,  Connecticut,  and  in  the  field 
on  the  Canada  boundary  during  the  Fenian  raid  in  1870. 
June  10,  1872,  he  was  transferred  to  the  Corps  of  Engi- 
neers, and  promoted  to  first  lieutenant ;  promoted  to  cap- 
tain January  10,  [884. 

Since  his  transfer  to  the  Corps  of  Engineers,  he  has 
served  with  the  Engineer  Battalion,  has  been  instructor 
of  military  engineering  and  mathematics,  and  assistant 
professor  of  ethics  and  law  at  the  U.  S.  Military  Acad- 
emy ;  assistant  engineer  on  Western  explorations,  under 
Captain  George  M.  Wheeler,  for  three  years  in  California, 
Arizona,  Nevada,  and  Colorado;  engineer  in  charge  of 
river  and  harbor  improvements  in  Tennessee,  Mississippi, 
Arkansas,  Louisiana,  and  Texas. 

In  command  of  Company  C,  Battalion  of  Engineers, 
and  instructor  of  civil  engineering  U.  S.  Engineer  School, 
located  at  Willett's  Point,  New  York ;  was  ordered  to 
Johnstown,  Pennsylvania,  a  week  after  the  great  flood, 
in  charge  of  a  detachment  and  bridge-train,  and  ordered 
to  replace  by  pontoon-bridges  those  swept  away  by  the 
flood;  since  November  13,  1 891,  stationed  at  Baltimore, 
Maryland,  as  engineer  of  Fifth  and  Sixth  Light-House 
Districts. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


37 


MAJOR  AND  BREVET  COLONEL  REUBEN  F.  BERNARD 
Major  and  Brevet  Colonel  Reuben  F.  Bernard, 
Eighth  Cavalry,  was  a  private,  farrier,  corporal,  sergeant, 
and  first  sergeant  in  the  army  from  February  19,  1855, 
to  January  5,  1862  ;  then  acting  second  lieutenant  of  the 
First  Cavalry  to  July  17,  1862,  when  he  was  appointed  a 
second  lieutenant  of  that  regiment.  He  served  on  the 
Pacific  coast  and  in  New  Mexico  before  the  war  of  the 
Rebellion,  and  participated  in  the  following  fights  with 
Indians:  On  the  head-waters  of  the  Gila  River,  New 
Mexico,  March  28,  1856;  on  the  Mimbres  River,  New 
Mexico,  April  5,  1856;  in  Pinal  Mountains,  Arizona 
Territory,  December  25,  1858;  on  San  Carlos  River 
December  27,  1858;  on  San  Pedro  River,  Arizona 
Territory,  November  9,  1 S 5 9  ;  near  Fort  Buchanan,  Ari- 
zona Territory,  January  20,  i860;  on  San  Carlos  River, 
Arizona  Territory,  January  21,  1861  ;  skirmish  with 
rebel  Texans  near  Fort  Craig,  New  Mexico,  February 
19,  1862;  battle  of  Valverde,  New  Mexico,  February  21, 
1862  ;  fight  with  Indians  in  the  mountains  near  Socorro, 
New  Mexico,  February  26,  1 862  ;  skirmish  with  rebels 
at  Apache  Canon,  New  Mexico,  March  28,  1862;  battle 
of  Pigeon's  Ranch,  New  Mexico,  March  30,  1862  ; 
skirmish  at  Albuquerque,  New  Mexico,  April  25,  [862; 
skirmish  at  Peralto,  New  Mexico,  April  27,  1862. 

lie  was  promoted  to  be  first  lieutenant  June  2$,  1863, 
and  transferred  to  duty  in  the  field  with  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  and  participated  in  the  following  engagements  : 
Skirmishes  near  Culpeper  Court-House,  Virginia; 
Stevensburgh,  Virginia;  Mine  Run,  Virginia;  Barnet 
Ford,  Virginia  ;  near  Charlottesville,  Virginia  ;  on  Rapi- 
dan  River,  Virginia  ;  battle  of  Todd's  Tavern,  Virginia 
(wounded)  ;  battle  of  Spottsylvania  Court-House,  Vir- 
ginia ;  skirmishes  on  road  to  Beaver  Dam,  Virginia;  at 
Beaver  Dam,  Virginia  ;  on  road  to  Yellow  Tavern,  Vir- 
ginia ;  battle  of  Yellow  Tavern,  Virginia  ;  skirmishes  at 
Meadow  Bridge,  Virginia  ;  after  passing  Meadow  Bridge, 
Virginia;  at  Tunstall's  Station,  Virginia  ;  while  crossing 
Mattapony  River ;  battles  of  Hawes'  Shop,  Virginia ; 
Old  Church,  Virginia;  Cold  Harbor,  Virginia  ;  skirmish 
at  Chickahominy  River,  Virginia  ;  battle  of  Trevilian 
Station,  Virginia  :  skirmishes  at  White  House  Landing, 
Virginia;  at  Chickahominy  River,  Virginia  ;  battles  of 
Deep  Bottom,  Virginia  ;  Darby's  Farm,  Virginia  ;  skir- 
mishes at  Barnesville,  Virginia  ;  Stone  Church,  Virginia  ; 
New  Town,  Virginia;  near  Winchester,  Virginia  ;  near 
Front  Royal,  Virginia;  Shepherdstown,  Virginia;  en- 
gagements at  Smlthfield,  Virginia ;  skirmishes  near  Hall- 
town,  Virginia  ;  Barnesville,  Virginia  ;  Opequan  Creek, 
Virginia  ;  battle  at  Winchester  ;  skirmish  at  Cedarville  ; 
battle  of  Luray  Valley,  Virginia;  skirmishes  near 
Front  Royal,  Virginia;  in  Luray  Valley,  Virginia; 
near  Staunton,  Virginia;  engagement  at  Waynesborough, 
Virginia  ;  skirmishes  at  Rapidan  River,  Virginia  ;    War- 


renton,  Virginia  ;  Snicker's  Gap,  Virginia  ;  Bunker  Hill, 
Virginia;  near  Mount  Jackson,  Virginia  ;  engagement  at 
Waynesborough,  Virginia ;  skirmish  at  South  Anna 
Bridge,  Virginia  ;  engagement  at  White  House  Landing, 
Virginia;  skirmish  on  Chickahominy  River,  Virginia;  en- 
gagement at  Dinwiddie  Court-House,  Virginia  ;  skirmish 
at  White  Oak  Road,  Virginia  ;  engagement  near  Din- 
widdie Court-House,  Virginia ;  battle  of  Five  Forks, 
Virginia;  engagement  at  Scott's  Cross-Roads,  Virginia  ; 
skirmish  at  Drummond's  Mills,  Virginia  ;  battle  of  Sail- 
or's Creek,  Virginia  ;  skirmish  near  Sailor's  Creek,  Vir- 
ginia ;  skirmish  at  night  near  Appomattox  Court-House, 
Virginia;  engagement  of  Appomattox  Court-House. 

Colonel  Bernard  was  brevetted  captain  May  6,  1864, 
for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of 
Todd's  Tavern,  Virginia;  major  August  28,  1864,  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  action  at  Smithfield, 
Virginia;  lieutenant-colonel  and  colonel  March  13,  1865, 
for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  during  the  war. 

He  was  promoted  to  the  captaincy  of  Company  G, 
F'irst  U.  S.  Cavalry,  July  28,  1866,  at  which  date  he  was 
serving  with  his  company  on  the  plains  against  the  In- 
dians, participating  in  nineteen  fights,  from  1866  to  1881, 
in  Arizona,  California,  and  Oregon.  ]  le  thus  has  to  his 
credit  one  hundred  and  three  battles  and  skirmishes. 
He  was  recommended  by  General  Orel  for  the  brevet  of 
brigadier-general,  for  gallantry  in  action  with  the  Chiri- 
cahua  Indians,  October  20,  1869.  On  the  7th  of  Feb. 
[886,  marched  Companies  D  and  E,  Sixteenth  Infantry, 
from  Fort  Mcintosh,  Texas,  to  the  city  of  Laredo,  Texas, 
for  the  purpose  of  suppressing  a  local  political  riot  that 
had  been  going  on  for  several  hours  ;  some  twenty  odd 
persons  having  been  killed,  he  took  charge  of  the  city, 
disarmed  both  parties,  kept  charge  of  the  city  for  the 
night,  restoring  order.  He  was  promoted  major  of  the 
Eighth  Cavalry  November  r,  1882. 


3» 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAl'Y  [.regular) 


COLONEL  CLERMONT  L.   BEST  (retired). 

Colonel  Clermont  L.  Best  was  born  in  New  York, 
and  graduated  from  the  Military  Academy  in  the  class  of 
1847.  He  was  appointed  a  brevet  second  lieutenant  of 
the  First  LI.  S.  Artillery,  and  served  in  the  war  with 
Mexico,  during  which  time  he  received  his  appointment 
as  second  lieutenant.  Fourth  Artillery.  <  In  duty  at  Fort 
Monroe,  Baton  Rouge,  Louisiana,  and  Jefferson  Bar- 
racks, Missouri,  in  [848—49,  and  was  then  engaged  in 
Florida,  in  hostilities  against  the  Seminole  Indians, 
during  the  year  1  850. 

He  was  at  this  time  promoted  first  lieutenant  and 
ordered  to  Fort  Hamilton,  and  served  at  that  post  and 
Fort  Mifflin,  Pennsylvania,  from  1X50  to  [853,  when  he 
was  placed  on  frontier  duty  at  Ringgold  Barracks, Texas, 
serving  there  and  at  Fort  Brown  and  Las  Animas.  Texas, 
to  1855.  lie  was  granted  leave  of  absence  at  this  time, 
and  rejoined  his  command  in  [856  in  Florida,  where  he 
was  engaged  in  hostilities  against  the  Seminole  Indians 
to  1857. 

Lieutenant  Best  was  again  ordered  on  frontier  duty, 
and  engaged  in  quelling  Kansas  disturbances  during  the 
years  1857-58.  He  participated  in  the  Utah  expedition 
in  1858,  and  was  on  duty  escorting  recruits  from  New 
York  to  Kansas  in  [859.  He  then  served  at  Fort  Ran- 
dall, Dakota,  to  1, So  1. 


In  April,  [861,  at  the  breaking  out  of  the  war  of  the 
Rebellion,  he  was  promoted  captain  of  his  regiment,  anil 
ordered  to  the  field  in  command  of  a  battery  in  Major- 
General  Banks's  operations  in  Maryland  and  the  Shenan- 
doah Valley,  Virginia,  to  August,  1862,  then  participated 
in  the  Northern  Virginia  campaign  as  chief  of  artillery 
of  the  Fifth  Army  Corps,  being  engaged  in  the  battle  of 
Cedar  Mountain,  August  9,  1862  ;  in  the  Maryland  cam- 
paign, Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  engaged  in  the  battle 
of  Antietam,  Maryland,  September  17,  1S62. 

He  was  on  the  march  to  Falmouth,  Virginia,  during 
the  fall  of  the  same  year,  and  subsequently  participated 
in  the  Rappahannock  campaign,  being  engaged  in  the 
battle  of  Chancellorsville,  Virginia,  May  2,  3,  1X63,  for 
which  he  was  brevetted  a  major  for  gallant  and  merito- 
rious services  in  said  battle. 

Captain  Best  was  detailed  as  assistant  inspector-general, 
Twelfth  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  May  16, 
1  86  ;,  which  position  he  held  to  April  4,  1  S64,  and  during 
that  time  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  July 
1-3,  1 863,  for  which  he  received  the  brevet  of  lieutenant- 
colonel  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services.  He  was 
then  placed  in  command  of  the  First  Division  of  Artil- 
lery Reserve,  Department  of  the  Cumberland,  from  April 
to  October,  1864,  when  he  was  detailed  as  instructor  of 
artillery  at  Camp  Barry,  Washington,  D.  C,  to  February, 
1S65. 

At  the  close  of  the  war,  Captain  Best  was  brevetted  a 
colonel  for  good  conduct  and  gallant  services  during  the 
Rebellion.  He  was  placed  on  recruiting  service  at  Phil- 
adelphia in  February,  [865,  where  he  remained  to  Sep- 
tember, [866,  when  he  was  ordered  to  garrison  duty  in 
the  defences  of  Washington,  remaining  there  to  March, 
1867. 

Colonel  Best  was  promoted  major  of  the  First  Artil- 
lery February  5,  1867;  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  same 
regiment  March  15,  [881,  but  subsequently  transferred 
to  the  Fourth  Artillery  (October  2~ ,  1 88 1 ) ;  and  colonel 
of  the  Fourth  Artillery  October  2,  [883,  from  which  he- 
was  retired  from  active  service,  by  operation  of  law, 
April  25,  iSSS. 

During  the  time  that  Colonel  Best  was  a  field-officer, 
he  served  at  many  of  the  artillery  posts  in  different  parts 
of  the  country,  being  commanding  officer  of  most  of 
them. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR 


39 


COLONEL   AND   BREVET   BRIGADIER-GENERAL 
JUDSON    D.  BINGHAM. 

Colonel  and  Brevet  Brigadiek-Gexekal  Judson  D. 
Bingham  (Quartermaster's  Department)  was  born  in 
New  York  May  16,  i  S 3 1 ,  and  graduated  from  the  Mili- 
tary Academy  Jul}-  1,  1854.  He  was  promoted  second 
lieutenant  of  the  Second  Artillery  same  day,  and  served 
as  assistant  instructor  of  artillery  tactics  at  the  Military 
Academy  from  that  time  until  the  following  August,  and 
was  then  stationed  at  Fort  Wood,  New  York  harbor,  and 
Barrancas,  Florida,  until  March,  185(1,  when  he  was  pro- 
moted first  lieutenant  and  was  placed  on  U.  S.  Coast  Sur- 
vey service  to  June,  1857.  1  le  was  at  the  Artillery  School 
of  Practice  at  Fort  Monroe  from  that  time  to  i860,  in 
the  mean  time  participating  in  an  expedition  to  Harper's 
Ferry,  Virginia,  to  suppress  the  John  Brown  raid  of 
1859. 

Lieutenant  Bingham  was  also  engaged  in  an  expedi- 
tion from  Fort  Ridgely,  Minnesota,  to  the  Yellow  Medi- 
cine, Minnesota,  in  the  summer  of  i860,  and  remained 
at  that  station  until  the  opening  of  the  Civil  War  in 
April,  iS6i,when  he  was  transferred  to  Fort  McHenry, 
Maryland.  He  was  appointed  a  captain  in  the  Quarter- 
master's Department  May  13,  1861,  and  served  in  Gen- 
eral Banks's  command,  in  charge  ol  trains  and  supplies, 
in  the  field  in  Maryland  until  February,  1862,  when  he 
was  placed  in  charge  of  the  quartermaster's  depot  at 
Nashville,  Tennessee,  and  while  there  was  appointed 
lieutenant-colonel  of  volunteers  January  1,  1863. 

He  served  as  chief  quartermaster  of  the  Seventeenth 
Army  Corps  (lieutenant-colonel  ex  officio)  to  April  23, 
1863,  when  General  Grant  appointed  him  chief  quarter- 
master of  the  Department  and  Army  of  the  Tennessee. 
He  continued  on  duty,  in  the  field,  as  chief  quartermaster 
of  that  army  up  to  the  end  of  the  siege  of  Atlanta,  Geor- 
gia, August  25,  1864;  was  present  as  chief  quartermaster 
of  the  Seventeenth  Army  Corps  at  Lake  Providence  and 
Milliken's  Bend,  Louisiana,  at  the  siege  of  Vicksburg, 
Mississippi,  at  the  surrender  of  the  city,  and  during  its 
occupation,  to  October,  1863;  at  Memphis,  Tennessee, 
and  at  Bridgeport  and  Scottsborough,  Alabama,  until  last 
of  December,  1863  ;  he  joined  General  Sherman  at  Cairo, 
Illinois,  January  I,  1864,  and  under  his  direction  arranged 
for  transporting  troops  from  Memphis  to  Vicksburg  for 
the  expedition  to  Meridian,  Mississippi;  then  as  chief 
quartermaster  of  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee  accompanied 
General  Sherman  on  the  march  with  the  Sixteenth  and 
Seventeenth  Army  Corps  from  Vicksburg  to  Meridian 
and  return,  February  and  March,  1864;  was  present  as 
chief  quartermaster  at  head-quarters,  Army  of  the  Ten- 
nessee, Huntsville,  Alabama,  and  in  the  invasion  of  Geor- 
gia, including  siege  of  Atlanta,  1864. 

Colonel  Bingham  was  appointed  colonel  of  volunteers 


August  2,  1864,  and  was  appointed  inspector  of  the  Quar- 
termaster's 1  )epartment  (colonel  ex  officio),  serving  as  such 
to  December  31,  18S6,  being  on  duty  in  the  quartermas- 
ter-general's office,  Washington,  D.  C,  at  various  times 
from  September,  1864,  to  December,  1865  ;  on  duty  with 
General  Sherman  at  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  as  inspector  of 
the  Quartermaster's  Department,  to  January,  1867;  chief 
quartermaster,  Department  of  the  Lakes,  at  Detroit, 
Michigan,  to  March  31,  1870;  in  the  spring  of  1869  he- 
made  inspections  at  Forts  Richardson,  Griffin,  Concho, 
Stockton,  Davis,  McKavett,  and  San  Antonio,  Texas. 

He  was  promoted  major  in  the  Quartermaster's  De- 
partment, LI.  S.  Army,  July  29,  1866,  and  lieutenant- 
colonel  and  deputy  quartermaster-general  March  3,  1875, 
serving  as  assistant  in  the  office  of  the  quartermaster- 
general  at  Washington,  D.  C,  from  April  4,  1870,  to 
October,  1879,  and  in  charge  of  the  Bureau  from  October 
25,  1873,  to  January  19,  1874,  and  from  January  28  to 
February  20,  1875  ;  he  served  as  commissioner  to  audit 
Kansas  war  accounts,  under  act  of  Congress,  from  March 
8  to  April  5,  1871  ;  as  chief  quartermaster  of  the  Depart- 
ment of  the  Missouri,  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  from 
October,  1879,  to  November,  1883;  as  chief  quartermas- 
ter, Division  of  the  Pacific  and  Department  of  California, 
from  November,  1883,  to  about  May  30,  1886;  as  chief 
quartermaster,  Division  of  the  Missouri,  Chicago,  Illinois, 
from  June  4,  1886,  to  present  time,  having  been,  on  the 
2d  of  July,  1883,  promoted  colonel  and  assistant  quarter- 
master-general. 

When  the  war  terminated,  Colonel  Bingham  had  the 
following  brevets  conferred  upon  him  :  major,  lieutenant- 
colonel,  and  colonel  March  13,  1865,  "for  faithful  and 
meritorious  services  during  the  war ;"  brigadier-general 
April  9,  1865,  "for  faithful  and  meritorious  services  in 
the  field  during  the  war." 


4o 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  {regular) 


COMMANDHR  JOSHUA   BISHOP,    U.S.N. 

Commander  Joshua  Bishop  was  horn  in  Missouri  in 
1839,  and  appointed  acting  midshipman  from  that  State 
1  Ie  graduated  at  the  Naval  Academy  in  1858,  and  after  the 
usual  sea-service — in  the  "Saratoga,"  "Wabash,"  "Pow- 
hatan," and  "Pawnee" — was  made  lieutenant  in  1861. 

The  troublous  time  at  the  inception  of  the  Civil  War 
found  him  at  his  home  in  Missouri.  He  used  all  his 
influence  to  prevent  an  appeal  to  arms,  and  declared 
himseli  for  the  Union  without  hesitation.  Being  sum- 
moned to  duty  at  Philadelphia,  he  had  great  difficulty  in 
leaving  the  State,  from  the  determined  opposition  shown 
by  his  rebel  neighbors,  who  had  stopped  the  running  of 
the  trains,  and  who  pursued  the  stage  in  which  he  trav- 
elled. When  he  reached  Philadelphia  he  was  at  fust 
under  Du  Pont,  but  was  soon  sent  West  again,  under 
Commander  John  Rodgers,  to  assist  in  fitting  out  gun- 
boats. He  reported  to  General  McClellan  at  Cincinnati, 
and  was  thenceforth  employed  in  various  ways — fitting 
gunboats,  commanding  the  receiving-vessel,  and  purchas- 
ing supplies — until   August,  1861,  when   he  went  to   St. 


Louis,  recruited  a  number  of  men,  and  in  September  took 
them  to  Cairo,  Illinois,  tor  the  gunboats.  Naval  officers 
reported  to  general  officers,  and  until  Jul}',  1  862,  were  part 
of  army.  Colonel  Grant  went  down  with  him,  in  the  same 
boat,  to  take  command  at  Cairo.  After  that  time  events 
of  importance  occurred  in  rapid  succession.  Lieutenant 
Bishop  became  executive  officer  under  Walke,  in  Foote's 
squadron,  in  which  capacity  he  was  present  at  several  gun- 
boat engagements,  and  at  the  battle  of  Belmont,  which 
was  Grant's  first  battle  of  the  Civil  War.  His  next  duty 
was  as  aid  to  Foote  at  St.  Louis.  Then  he  was  sent  with 
Fads,  the  engineer  and  contractor  for  the  "Benton," 
to  get  her  down  to  Cairo  at  a  very  low  stage  of  water. 
In  the  "  Benton,"  Lieutenant  Bishop  was  in  the  actions 
at  Columbus,  Island  No.  10,  Fort  Pillow,  and  Memphis. 
On  the  way  down  he  captured  a  rebel  steamer  in  sight 
of  the  retreating  fleet  and  out  of  sight  of  the  Union  fleet. 

At  Memphis  he  boarded  the  "  General  Bragg,"  saved 
her  from  being  blown  up  by  a  train  which  had  been  laid 
to  her  magazine,  and  caulked  the  shot-holes  in  her,  so 
that  she  was  preserved  as  a  prize.  As  a  reward  for  his 
gallantry  he  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  vessel. 
He  commanded  the  "  General  Bragg"  when  the  rebel 
ram  "  Arkansas"  ran  down  through  the  fleet,  and  in  the 
subsequent  operations  until  the  fall  of  Vicksburg.  His 
health  having  become  bad,  he  then  applied  for  relief.  The 
thanks  of  Congress  were  given  to  the  officers  and  men  of 
the  squadrons  of  Rear-Admirals  Foote  and  Davis  f<  »r  their 
long  series  of  actions,  beginning  with  Forts  Henry  and 
Donelson,  in  almost  all  of  which  Commander  Bishop 
took  part. 

Commander  Bishop  was  upon  the  blockade  for  a  short 
time,  and  was  also  stationed  at  the  Naval  Academy. 
He  has  made  extensive  cruises  in  foreign  waters,  serving 
in  the  "  Wyoming,"  "  Saranac,"  "  Pensacola,"  "  Benicia," 
"Plymouth,"  and  "Galena."  Lis  last  cruise  was  in 
command  of  the  "  Iroquois"  among  the  South-Sea 
Islands. 

He  is  at  present  assistant  to  the  Superintendent  of  the 
U.  S.  Naval  Observatory. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


4« 


COLONEL  Z.  R.  BLISS. 

Colonel  Z.  R.  Bliss  was  appointed  a  cadet  at  West 
Point  in  1850.  Graduated  in  1854.  Was  appointed 
brevet  second  lieutenant  Sixteenth  Infantry,  and  ordered 
to  Fort  Duncan,  Texas.  Served  at  various  forts  in  Texas 
until  1 86 1,  part  of  the  time  in  command  of  a  company. 
On  April  5,  1 86 1,  he  left  Fort  Quitman  with  his  com- 
pany and  joined  the  command  of  Colonel  Reeve,  and 
marched  with  that  command  six  hundred  and  fifty  miles 
to  San  Antonio,  Texas.  On  May  9,  1861,  when  they 
were  about  fifteen  miles  from  San  Antonio,  they  were 
met  by  a  large  force  of  over  two  thousand  men,  under 
rebel  General  Earl  Van  Dorn,  consisting  of  a  regiment 
of  infantry,  one  of  cavalry,  a  battery  of  six  pieces  of 
artillery,  and  an  independent  company  of  about  one  hun- 
dred men.  When  met  by  the  rebels,  Colonel  Reeve's 
command  had  only  about  a  dozen  rounds  of  ammunition 
per  man  and  one  day's  rations;  an  unconditional  surren- 
der was  demanded,  and,  after  some  parley,  Colonel  Reeve 
surrendered  his  command ;  but  as  Lieutenant  Bliss  was 
only  a  junior  first  lieutenant,  and  was  not  consulted  in 
the  matter,  he  was  not  responsible  for  the  surrender. 
1  le  remained  a  prisoner  of  war  for  nearly  a  year,  most 
of  the  time  confined  in  the  negro  jail  at  Richmond.  In 
May,  1862,  he  was  appointed  colonel  of  the  Tenth  Rhode 
Island  Volunteers  and  served  with  it  till  August,  when 
he  was  appointed  colonel  of  the  Seventh  Rhode  Island 
Volunteers,  and  remained  with  it  until  honorably  mus- 
tered out  after  the  close  of  the  war.  Commanded  the 
regiment  during  the  Fredericksburg  campaign,  and  after 
the  first  battle  of  Fredericksburg  was  recommended  for 
promotion  to  rank  of  brigadier-general,  but,  in  conse- 
quence of  his  having  been  present  at  the  surrender  in 
Texas,  this  recommendation  was  not  carried  out.  In 
fact,  no  officer  who  was  present  with  Colonel  Reeve  at 
the  surrender  was  promoted  during  the  war,  although 
several  of  them  were  strongly  recommended  for  advance- 
ment. In  1863  Colonel  Bliss  was  transferred  with  his 
regiment  to  Kentucky,  and  thence  to  Vicksburg  and 
Jackson  in  the  campaign  after  Johnson,  and  at  the  con- 
clusion was  recommended,  this  time  by  General  Grant, 
for  promotion.  Commanded  the  District  of  Middle  Ten- 
nessee during  the  winter  of  1863-64.  It  was  an  impor- 
tant command,  including  a  large  fort  and  several  regi- 
ments, and  protecting  about  two  million  rations  for 
Sherman's  army.  In  1864  Colonel  Bliss  was  again 
recommended  for  promotion  to  rank  of  brigadier-general. 
Colonel  Bliss  remained  in  command  of  District  of  Mid- 
dle Tennessee  until  the  regiment  he  commanded  was 
transferred  to  the  East,  and  he  was  assigned  to  the  com- 
mand of  First  Brigade,  Second  Division,  Ninth  Army 
Corps,  and  commanded  it  in  the  Wilderness,  where  he 
6 


was  brevetted  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services.  He 
was  in  command  of  the  brigade  to  Spottsylvania,  where 
he  was  injured  by  his  horse  jumping  on  him  in  crossing 
a  stream  at  night.  He  commanded  the  brigade  in  the 
mine  which  was  constructed  by  a  regiment  of  his  brigade, 
and  at  the  explosion  of  the  mine  and  ensuing  battle,  and 
received  a  very  complimentary  letter  from  his  division 
commander,  General  R.  B.  Potter.  He  remained  in 
command  of  the  brigade  until  the  early  fall,  when  he  was 
obliged  to  take  a  sick-leave.  After  being  absent  some 
weeks  he  was  placed  on  light  duty  on  a  board  of  officers,  as 
president,  and  remained  on  that  duty  till  the  close  of  the 
war  in  the  following  spring,  when  he  was  mustered  out 
of  the  volunteer  service.  Transferred  with  his  company 
to  South  Carolina  in  1866,  and  given  command  of  the 
district  of  Chester.  He  was  acting  assistant  commis- 
sioner of  the  Bureau  of  Freedmen,  and  had  charge  of 
all  the  civil  and  military  business  of  that  district.  In 
August  was  ordered  on  recruiting  service,  receiving  the 
detail  for  having  served  longer  in  the  field  during  the 
rebellion  than  any  other  officer  in  the  regiment.  In 
August,  1867,  promoted  major  of  Thirty-ninth  Infantry. 
Commanded  part  of  Jackson  Barracks,  Forts  Jackson 
and  St.  Philip,  till  1870,  when  he  was  transferred  with  his 
regiment  to  Texas,  commanding  various  forts  there,  and 
for  more  than  a  year  the  regiment.  In  187S  he  was  or- 
dered to  command  the  principal  depot  for  general  recruit- 
ing service.  In  1880  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel 
of  Nineteenth  Infantry.  In  1S86  was  made  colonel  of 
Twenty-fourth  Infantry,  of  which  he  still  remains  in  com- 
mand. This  officer  has  served  longer  on  the  South- 
western frontier  than  any  other  officer  ever  in  the  ser- 
vice. 


4-1 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD  XAVY  {regular* 


MEDICAL    DIRECTOR   DEL  A  VAN    BLOODGOOD, 

U.S.N. 

Medical    Director    Delavan    Blood d,    U.S.N., 

was  born  in  Erie  County,  New  York,  in  1831.  Commis- 
sioned as  assistant  surgeon  March,  1857.  Passed  assist- 
ant surgeon  December,  1861.  Surgeon  January  24, 
1S62.  Medical  inspector  February  3,  1875.  Medical 
director  August,  1884. 

llis  first  service  was  on  board  the  "Merrimac,"  on  the 
Pacific  station,  from  1857  to  i860.  Then  attached  to  the 
"  Mohawk',"  on  special  service  in  the  West  Indies,  to  inter- 
cept slaving  vessels.  The  "  Mohawk"  made  several  cap- 
tures, and  then  (without  the  sanctii  in  of  the  administration) 
aided  in  preserving  the  forts  at  Key  West  and  Tortugas 
when  the  stormy  days  of  the  inception  of  the  great  rebel- 
lion were  at  hand.  When  the  first  secessions  occurred, 
the  "  Mohawk"  convoyed  from  Texas  the  troops  involved 
in  the  Twiggs  surrender,  and  then  went  upon  the  first 
blockade  established  during  the  war,  off  Pensacola.  In 
November,  1S61,  Dr.  Bloodgood  was  detached  from  the 
"  Mohawk,"  and,  on  the  way  north,  by  transport  steamer, 
arrived  off  Port  Royal  at  the  time  of  the  battle  there, 
and  was  ordered  to  the  transport  "  Atlantic,"  in  charge  of 
a  detachment  of  the  sick  and  wounded  for  conveyance 
to  the  hospital  at  New  York.  He  was  next  assigned  for 
duty  on  board  the  steam-sloop  "Dakota,"  and  served 
on  board  that  vessel  till  near  the  close  of  the  war.     In 


her  he  participated  in  the  various  operations  about 
Hampton  Roads,  from  the  first  appearance  of  the  rebel 
ram  "  Merrimac"  until  her  destruction,  and  then  co-op- 
erated with  the  army  during  the  first  Peninsula  cam- 
paign. For  a  short  time  the  ship  was  in  the  Gulf  of 
Mexico  and  the  Mississippi,  under  Farragut,  and  next 
cruised  through  the  West  Indies  and  off  the  coast  of  Nova 
Scotia,  in  search  of  privateers  ;  but  she  was  mostly  in 
service  on  the  blockade  off  the  Carolinas,  and  in  nu- 
merous engagements  with  coast  batteries.  During  this 
service,  of  nearly  three  years,  there  occurred  on  board 
an  epidemic  of  yellow  fever,  and  another  of  small-pox, 
each  of  which  necessitated  a  visit  to  a  Northern  port,  and 
the  disinfection  of  the  ship.  In  returning  from  service  in 
this  vessel,  in  1864,  Dr.  Bloodgood  happened  to  be  one 
of  those  captured  and  plundered  by  rebel  raiders  in  the 
railroad  train  taken  near  Gunpowder  River.  After  ser- 
vice on  board  the  "  .Michigan,"  and  the  receiving-ship 
"Vermont,"  he  joined  the  sloop-of-war  "Jamestown,"  in 
February,  1867,  at  Panama,  when  an  extremely  virulent 
type  of  yellow  fever  was  raging  on  board.  In  conse- 
quence, the  ship  was  sent  to  Sitka  for  disinfection,  and 
remained  there  until  the  following  spring,  when  she  was 
put  out  of  commission  at  the  Mare  Island  Yard.  He 
then  joined  the  "  Lackawanna,"  on  the  Mexican  coast, 
and  after  that  cruise  had  shore  duty  at  New  York. 
In  May,  1872,  was  ordered  to  the  "Plymouth,"  of  the 
European  Squadron,  and  thence,  via  India,  to  the  China 
station,  where  he  served  on  board  the  flag-ships  "  Colo- 
rado," "Lackawanna,"  and  "  Hartford,"  as  fleet-surgeon 
for  two  years.  Then  he  was  transferred  to  Pacific  station 
as  fleet-surgeon,  but  soon  detached  and  ordered  home  to 
duty  at  New  York.  Was  fleet- surgeon  of  the  European 
station,  in  flag-ship  "Trenton,"  1877-79.  On  ms  return 
was  in  charge  of  the  Naval  Hospital  at  New  York,  and 
then  of  the  Naval  Laboratory,  and  next  had  charge  of 
the  Naval  Hospital  at  Norfolk,  Virginia.  In  18S7  he 
was  ordered  to  the  Naval  Laboratory  at  New  York',  in 
which  position  he  still  continues.  Dr.  Bloodgood  is  an 
alumnus  of  Madison  University,  Hamilton,  New  York, 
and  of  Jefferson  Medical  College,  at  Philadelphia;  mem- 
ber of  the  Phi  Beta  Kappa;  the  Military  Order  of  the 
Loyal  Legion  of  the  United  States  ;  the  Holland  Society  ; 
the  St.  Nicholas  Society,  of  Nassau  Island;  the  Univer- 
sity Club,  of  New  York  ;  the  St.  Nicholas  Club,  of  New 
York,  and  Hamilton  Club,  of  Brooklyn. 


117/0   SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


43 


REAR-ADMIRAL  CHARLES  S.   BOGGS. 

Rear-Admiral  Charles  S.  Bonus  was  born  in  New 
Jersey  January  28,  181 1  ;  appointed  midshipman  from  the 
same  State  November  1,  1826;  attached  to  sloop-of-war 
" Warren,"  Mediterranean  Squadron,  1829-32.  Pro- 
moted to  passed  midshipman  April  28,  1832;  receiving- 
ship  at  New  York,  1832-35  ;  rendezvous,  New  York,  1836. 
Commissioned  as  lieutenant  September  6,  1837;  sloop 
"  Saratoga,"  coast  of  Africa,  1840-43.  Was  an  active  par- 
ticipant in  the  burning  of  five  villages  on  the  coast ;  Home 
Squadron,  1846-47;  present  at  the  siege  of  Vera  Cruz; 
commanded  the  boat  expedition  from  the  "  Princeton"  that 
destroyed  the  LT.  S.  brig  "  Truxton,"  after  her  surrender  to 
the  Mexicans;  receiving-ship  at  New  York,  1848-51 ;  navy- 
yard, New  York,  1852-54;  inspector,  etc.,  New  York,  1855. 
Commissioned  as  commander  September  14,  1855  ;  com- 
manding mail-steamer  "Illinois,"  1856-58;  light-house 
inspector,  1860-61  ;  commanded  sloop-of-war  "  Varuna," 
at  the  passage  of  Forts  Jackson  and  St.  Philip,  April  24, 
1862.  The  "  Varuna"  was  the  only  one  of  Farragut's 
squadron  lost  at  the  battle  of  New  Orleans.  She  was 
attacked  by  two  of  the  rebel  rams  and  badly  damaged, 
and  her  commander,  finding  his  vessel  sinking,  ran  her 
into  the  bank  and  made  fast  to  the  trees.  Captain  Boggs 
fought  his  vessel  gallantly  to  the  last.  Commissioned  as 
captain  Jul\-  16,  1S62;  commanding  steam-sloop  "  Juni- 
ata," 1863  ;  special  duty,  New  York,  1864-66.  Commis- 
sioned as  commodore  July  25,  1866;  commanding  steamer 
"  De  Soto,"  North  Atlantic  Squadron,  1867-68;  special 
duty,  1869-72.  Promoted  to  rear-admiral  July,  1870. 
He  died  in  1877. 

Always  an  excellent  and  most  reliable  officer,  his 
conduct  in  command  of  the  "  Varuna"  elicited  the  praise 
even  of  his  adversaries.  Being  in  the  First  Division  at 
the  passage  of  the  Mississippi  forts,  and  having  a  fast 
ship,  he  outstripped  his  consorts,  and  chased  the  enemy 
alone  until  he  was  surrounded  by  them.  At  first,  in  the 
darkness,  the  Confederates  did  not  attack  him,  thinking 
him  one  of  their  own  squadron.  But  Boggs  soon  ap- 
prised them  of  his  identity  by  a  rapid  fire  from  both  sides. 


Three  of  the  enemy  were  driven  ashore  in  flames,  and 
one  large  steamer,  with  troops  on  board,  drifted  ashore 
with  an  exploded  boiler,  the  result  of  this  encounter.  At 
daylight  the  "  Varuna"  was  attacked  by  two  vessels  at 
the  same  time,  the  "  Governor  Moore"  and  the  "  Stone- 
wall Jackson."  The  "  Moore"  was  a  ram,  commanded 
by  an  ex-ofheer  of  the  navy,  and  they  treated  the  "  Va- 
runa" very  badly,  penetrating  her  below  water,  and  killing 
and  wounding  a  number  of  her  crew.  But  the  "  Varuna's" 
people  stuck  to  their  guns,  and  finally  drove  off  the  two, 
completely  disabled  for  further  conflict,  besides  being  on 
fire.  The  details  of  this  encounter  (most  exciting)  can- 
not be  given.  Admiral  Porter  says,  in  his  account  of  the 
fight,  "  This  ended  the  irregular  fighting  with  the  Con- 
federate vessels  ;  ten  of  them  had  been  sunk  or  destroyed, 
while  the  '  Varuna,'  with  her  two  adversaries,  lay  at  the 
bottom  of  the  river,  near  the  bank,  evidence  of  the 
gallantry  of  Boggs." 

Admiral  Boggs  had  the  respect  of  all  who  knew  him, 
whether  in  the  service  or  out  of  it.  He  was  perfectly 
modest  and  unostentatious  in  deportment,  while  dignified 
and  officer-like  at  all  times. 


44 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  {regular) 


CAPTAIN   EDWARD   C.    BOWERS,    U.S.N. 

Captain  Edward  C.  Bowers  was  born  in  Connec- 
ticut. Before  entering  the  navy  he  served  in  the  mer- 
chant service  and  in  the  Permian  and  Greek  navies. 
The  nautical  experience  thus  gained  proved  of  great 
value  to  him  in  his  subsequent  career  as  an  officer  of 
the  U.  S.  Navy.  Appointed  from  Connecticut  to  the 
grade  of  midshipman  February  2,  1829  His  first  cruise 
was  on  the  sloop-of-war  "  St.  Louis,"  attached  to  the  Pa- 
cific Squadron,  1829-31  ;  served  on  schooner  "  Dolphin." 
Pacific  Squadron,  as  acting  lieutenant,  1832.  He  was 
then  ordered  to  Navy- Yard,  Boston,  where  he  served 
during  the  years    1833-34.      Promoted  to  passed  mid- 


shipman July  3,  1835  ;  was  attached  to  frigate  "  Constel- 
lation," West  Indies  Squadron,  1836-38.  His  next  cruise 
was  on  the  flag-ship  "  Ohio,"  Mediterranean  Squad- 
ron, in  1839;  attached  to  receiving-ship  "  Boston,"  1840. 
Commissioned  as  lieutenant  April  26,  1S41  ;  receiving- 
ship,  Boston,  1842-45.  He  was  then  ordered  to  the 
steamer  "  Princeton,"  and  cruised  on  her  in  the  Gulf  of 
Mexico,  1846;  transferred  to  ordnance  transport  "  Elec- 
tra,"  1847;  and  from  her  again  transferred,  this  time  to 
sloop-of  war  "  Decatur,"  on  which  vessel  he  made  a  full 
cruise  on  the  coast  of  Africa  during  the  years  1847-50; 
at  the  expiration  of  his  cruise  on  the  "  Decatur,"  he  was 
at  once  ordered  to  the  sloop  "  Plymouth,"  and  went  in 
her  to  the  East  Indies,  where  he  served  during  the  years 
[851-52;  receiving-ship,  New  York,  1852-54;  retired, 
[855.  It  will  be  seen  from  the  foregoing  statement  of 
services  that  Captain  Bowers,  from  the  date  of  his  origi- 
nal entry  into  the  service,  February  2,  1829,  up  to  the 
time  of  his  retirement  in  1 85 5,  was  almost  constantly 
employed  at  sea,  and  in  fact  few  officers  of  his  date  had 
so  good  a  record  of  active  and  continuous  service  afloat. 
Rendezvous,  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  1861-63. 
Commissioned  as  commander  July  21,  1861  ;  command- 
ing receiving-ship  "  Vandalia,"  Portsmouth,  New  Hamp- 
shire, 1864-65.     Commissioned  as  captain  1867. 

Captain  Bovvers  was  retired  (in  conformity  with  the 
Act  of  February  28,  1S55,  and  its  amendments,  January 
16,  1857,  March  10,  1858,  and  May  II,  1858)  on  the 
13th  September,  1855,  as  stated  above,  but  was  on  duty 
at  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  during  the  Civil  War. 

Captain  Bowers  served  in  the  Mexican  and  Seminole 
wars,  ami  also  under  Commodores  Hull,  Bainbridge, 
Stewart,  Perry,  and  Chauncey. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


45 


COLONEL  ALBERT  GALLATIN  BRACKETT  (retired). 

Colonel  Albert  Gallatin  Brackett  was  born  in 
Otsego  Count)-,  New  York,  on  the  14th  day  of  February, 
1829.  In  1846  he  removed  to  Indiana,  and  in  June, 
1 847,  became  second  lieutenant  in  the  Fourth  Indiana 
Volunteers  in  the  Mexican  War,  and  was  promoted  first 
lieutenant  during  the  same  month.  His  regiment  was 
attached  to  General  Joseph  Lane's  brigade,  and  partici- 
pated in  the  skirmishes  at  Paso  de  Ovejas  and  La  Hoya, 
the  battle  of  Huamantla,  the  siege  of  Puebla,  and  the 
bombardment  of  Atlixco  in  September  and  October, 
1847.  He  served  until  the  close  of  the  war  and  was  hon- 
orably discharged  on  the  16th  of  July,  1848. 

On  the  3d  of  March,  1855,  he  was  appointed  captain 
from  Indiana,  in  the  Second  Regiment  of  Cavalry,  and 
after  raising  a  company  in  Indiana  and  Illinois,  was  sent 
to  Texas  to  fight  the  Indians,  who  were  then  very  trou- 
blesome. He  met  and  defeated  the  Lipans  on  Guada- 
lupe River  in  March,  1856,  recapturing  much  valuable 
property ;  the  Comanches  at  Arroyo  de  las  Encinas 
February  1,  1857,  and  near  Presidio  de  San  Vincente, 
Chihuahua,  May  2,  1 859,  for  which  he  received  the  thanks 
of  General  Scott,  commanding  the  army.  He  was  en- 
gaged in  suppressing  the  Cortinas  troubles  near  Browns- 
ville, and  along  the  Rio  Grande  frontier  in  i860. 

When  the  Civil  War  broke  out  he  went  with  his  com- 
pany to  Key  West,  Florida,  and  thence  to  Havana,  Cuba, 
and  from  there  to  New  York  and  Carlisle  Barracks, 
where  lie  refitted  and  was  sent  to  Washington,  taking 
part  in  the  battles  of  Blackburn's  Ford  and  Bull  Run  in 
July,  1861.  He  became  colonel  of  the  Ninth  Regiment 
of  Illinois  Cavalry  in  October,  1861,  and  participated  in 
the  actions  at  the  Waddell  Farm,  Stewart's  Plantation, 
and  Cache  Bayou,  Arkansas,  in  June,  1862,  being  severely 
wounded  at  Stewart's  Plantation,  where  he  saved  a  valu- 
able train  from  falling  into  the  hands  of  the  Confederates. 
He  was  promoted  major  in  the  First  Cavalry  on  the  17th 
of  July,  1862,  and  served  as  chief  of  cavalry,  Department 
of  Missouri,  in  1862-63. 

He  was  placed  in  command  of  the  Second  Brigade  of 
the  Cavalry  Division,  Sixteenth  Army  Corps  (Army  of  the 
Tennessee),  in  West  Tennessee  in  January  and  February, 
1864,  and  was  engaged  in  defending  the  Memphis  and 
Charleston  Railroad.  As  acting  inspector-general  of 
cavalry,  he  participated  in  the  siege  of  Atlanta,  Georgia, 
battle  of  Ezra  Church,  Georgia,  and  back  to  Nashville  ! 
with  General  Thomas,  taking  part  in  the  battle  of  Nash- 
ville, Tennessee,  in  December,  1864.  Received  the  bre- 
vets of  major,  lieutenant-colonel,  and  colonel,  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  during  the  war. 

Commanded  several  posts  in  the  Departments  of  Cali- 
fornia and  Columbia,  and  the  Districts  of  Nevada  and 


Summit  Lake,  assisting  materially  in  quelling  the  hostile 
Pi  Ute  Indian  disturbances  in  1866-67  and  1868. 

Went  from  Fort  McPherson  with  four  troops  of  the 
regiment  to  Montana  in  May,  June,  and  July,  1869.  Held 
a  council  with  the  Crow  Indians  and  distributed  goods 
to  them  on  the  Yellowstone  River  in  December,  1869. 
While  in  command  of  Fort  Steele  he  quieted  disturbances 
among  coal-miners  at  Carbon.  Sent  to  Fort  Sanders  in 
Wyoming,  and  from  there  in  1877,  with  six  more  troops 
of  the  Second  Cavalry,  to  Fort  Custer,  which  post  he 
helped  to  construct.  He  was  promoted  colonel  of  the 
Third  Cavalry. 

In  the  field  operating  against  the  Ute  Indians,  who 
had  massacred  Thornburg's  command,  a  portion  of  which 
belonged  to  his  regiment,  from  October  to  December, 
1879.  In  command  of  Fort  Laramie  and  of  Fort  Rus- 
sell, Wyoming,  from  July,  1879,  to  May,  1882,  when  he 
was  sent  to  Arizona  with  his  regiment  to  operate  against 
the  hostile  Apaches.  Met  the  head  men  of  the  Apaches 
in  council  at  Fort  Thomas,  Arizona,  in  May,  1882,  when 
they  made  their  grievances  known.  Was  in  command 
of  field  operations  against  the  Apaches  in  July  and  Au- 
gust, 1882. 

Superintendent  Mounted  Recruiting  Service  at  Jeffer- 
son Barracks,  Missouri,  from  October  1,  1882,  to  October 
1,  1884.  In  command  of  his  regiment  at  Whipple  Bar- 
racks, Arizona,  from  1884  to  March,  1885,  when  he 
marched  the  Third  Cavalry  through  Arizona,  New  Mexico, 
and  a  part  of  Chihuahua,  Mexico,  to  Fort  Davis,  Texas, 
and  in  command  of  that  post  from  May  12  to  October 
24,  1887,  when  he  took  command  of  Fort  Clark,  Texas, 
and  remained  there  until  January  9,  1890,  when  he 
marched  to  Fort  Mcintosh.  Was  retired  February  18, 
1 89 1.  Colonel  Brackett  is  the  author  of  "  Lane's  Brigade 
in  Central  Mexico,"  and  "  History  of  U.  S.  Cavalry." 


46 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


REAR-ADMIRAL  D.  L.  BRAINE. 

Rear-Admiral  D.  L.  Bkaine  was  born  in  New  York. 
Appointed  midshipman  from  Texas,  May  30,  1846. 
Served  during  the  Mexican  War  in  the  Home  Squadron, 
and  present  at  capture  of  Alvarado,  Tabasco,  Tuspan, 
Laguna,  Tampico,  and  Vera  Cruz.  In  1848  he  was  at- 
tached to  the  sloop-of-war  "John  Adams,"  of  the  Home 
Squadron.  During  1849-50  served  in  the  sloop-of-war 
"  St.  Mary's,"  of  the  East  India  Squadron.  In  1850-51 
in  the  steam-sloop  "Saranac,"  of  Home  Squadron.  At 
the  Naval  Academy  in  1852. 

Promoted  to  passed  midshipman  June  8,  1852,  and 
ordered  to  the  sloop-of-war  "  St.  Louis,"  of  the  Mediter- 
ranean Squadron,  where  he  remained  from  1853  to  1855. 
In  1855  he  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  master.  Com- 
missioned as  lieutenant  September  15,  1858.  During 
1856  and  1857  he  had  been  employed  upon  the  Coast 
Survey.  During  the  period  between  1858  and  i860  he 
served  on  the  coast  of  Africa  in  the  sloop-of-war  "  Vin- 
cennes." 

When  the  Civil  War  occurred  he  was  ordered  to  com- 
mand the  "  Monticello,"  of  the  North  Atlantic  Blockad- 
ing Squadron.  Had  an  engagement  with  the  rebel 
batter)'  at  Sewell's  Point,  Virginia,  May  19,  1861,  which 


lasted  for  more  than  an  hour,  and  was  the  first  naval  en- 
gagement of  the  war.  Present  at  the  attack  anil  capture 
of  Forts  Hatteras  and  Clark,  August,  1861,  and  October 
5,  1861.  Lieutenant  Braine  engaged  the  enemy  at  Kim- 
mekerk  Woods,  above  Cape  Hatteras,  and,  after  exchang- 
ing shots  with  their  gun-boats,  dispersed  two  regiments  of 
infantry,  sank  two  barges,  and  rescued  the  Twentieth 
Indiana  Regiment,  which  was  surrounded.  In  Novem- 
ber, 1 86 1,  Lieutenant  Braine  engaged  and  silenced  a  two- 
gun  battery  at  Inderal  Point,  North  Carolina,  and  dis- 
mounted one  of  the  guns.  It  must  be  remembered  that 
his  vessel  was  a  purchased  one. 

Commissioned  as  lieutenant-commander  Julv  15,  1S62. 
During  1862-64  numerous  engagements  with  Forts 
Fisher  and  Caswell.  Besides  the  "  Monticello,"  during 
this  period,  was  in  command  of  the  "  Vicksburg"  and 
"  Pequot."  Commanded  the  "  Pequot"  during  the  attacks 
upon  Fort  Fisher,  also  at  Fort  Anderson,  and  at  three 
other  forts  on  the  Cape  E'ear  River,  as  the  fleet  advanced 
to  Wilmington,  North  Carolina.  Lieutenant-Commander 
Braine  was  on  ordnance  duty  at  the  navy-yard  at  New 
York  in  1866-67.  Was  commissioned  commander  July 
25,  1 866,  and  commanded  the  steamer  "  Shamokin,"  of 
the  Brazil  Squadron,  during  1868.  Was  on  equipment 
duty  at  the  New  York  Navy- Yard,  1869-72.  Com- 
manded "  Juniata,"  European  station,  1874-75.  Commis- 
sioned as  captain  December  11,  1874.  Commanded 
reeeiving-ship  "  Colorado,"  1875-78.  Commanded  "  Pow- 
hatan," North  Atlantic  station,  1879-81.  Member  of 
Board  of  Inspection  and  Survey  1884-85.  Promoted 
commodore  March,  1885,  and  upon  special  duty  at  New 
York.    Promoted  rear-admiral  September  4,  1887.    Com- 

|  manded  the  South  Atlantic  station  1 886-88.  After  being 
again  on  special  duty,  Rear-Admiral  Braine  commanded 
the  navy-yard  at  New  York  in  1889-91.  He  was  retired 
by  operation  of  law  in  1891. 

While  Commander  Braine  was  in  the  "  Juniata,"  he 
went  north  to  look  for  the  "  Polaris,"  and  from  this  ship 

j  Lieutenant  De  Long  went  to  Cape  York  (latitude,  760 
north,)  in  the  steam-cutter. 

During  the  same  commission,  the  "Juniata"  received 
at  Santiago   de  Cuba  over  one   hundred   of  the  "  Vir- 

|  ginius's"  prisoners. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


47 


COLONEL  GEORGE  M.  BRAYTON. 

Colonel  George  M.  Brayton  was  born  in  Massa- 
chusetts February  24,  1834;  appointed  from  Ohio  (civil 
life)  as  a  first  lieutenant  Fifteenth  Infantry  May  14,  1861  ; 
promoted  to  captain  January  3,  1863;  transferred  to 
Thirty-third  Infantry  September  21,  1866,  and  again 
transferred  to  Eighth  Infantry  May  3,  1869;  commis- 
sioned major  Fifteenth  Infantry  February  6,  1882;  lieu- 
tenant-colonel Ninth  Infantry  September  6,  1886,  and 
colonel  Ninth  Infantry  in  1892. 

He  was  on  recruiting  duty  from  Jul}-,  1 86 1,  to  May, 
1862;  regimental  quartermaster  from  May,  1862,  to  Jan- 
uary, 1863,  from  whence  he  was  ordered  as  mustering 
and  disbursing  officer  at  Harrisburg,  Pennsylvania.  In 
October,  1863,  he  joined  his  regiment,  which  was  then 
in  the  field  at  Chattanooga,  Tennessee,  and  with  it  was  en- 
gaged in  the  battle  of  Missionary  Ridge  and  the  action 
at  Taylor's  Bridge,  Georgia.  For  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  at  Missionary  Ridge  he  was  brevetted  major 
U.  S  A.  He  again  acted  as  mustering  and  disbursing 
officer  at  Louisville,  Kentucky,  in  October,  1864,  and 
from  December,  1864,  to  May,  1865,  he  was  commanding 
Third  Battalion,  Fifteenth  Infantry;  provost-marshal 
District  of  Etowah  from  January  to  July,  1865;  as- 
sistant inspector-general  Department  of  Georgia  from 
August  to  December,  1865.  He  was  with  his  regiment 
from  January  to  May,  1S66.  From  May  to  July,  1866, 
he  commanded  Batteries  Gladden  and  Mcintosh,  Mobile 
Bay,  and  from  July,  1866,  to  January,  1867,  he  com- 
manded Fort  Morgan,  Alabama.  On  being  transferred 
to  the  Thirty-third  Infantry  lie  joined  company  at  Macon, 


Georgia,  from  whence  he  did  service  to  Atlanta,  and  post 
at  Augusta  ;  in  Montgomery,  Alabama  ;  Huntsville,  Ala- 
bama ;  Selma,  Alabama  ;  Fort  Macon,  North  Carolina; 
Columbia  and  Newbury,  South  Carolina.  In  October, 
1870,  he  was  ordered  north  to  David's  Island,  New  York 
harbor,  and  remained  there  until  he  was  transferred  West 
to  Fort  Rice,  Dakota.  From  August  to  October,  1872, 
Colonel  Brayton  was  on  Yellowstone  Expedition  to 
escort  surveying  party  of  the  Northern  Pacific  Railroad 
from  Fort  Rice  west  to  Yellowstone  River,  Montana,  and 
return.  After  completion  of  this  he  was  ordered  to  Fort 
Russell,  Utah,  and  then  to  join  his  regiment  in  Depart- 
ment of  Arizona. 


48 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD  NAVY  {regular) 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL    AND    BREVET   BRIGADIER- 
GENERAL   SAMUEL    BRECK. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  and  Brevet  Brigadier-Gen- 
eral Samuel  Breck  (Adjutant-General's  Department) 
was  born  at  Middleborough,  Plymouth  County,  Massa- 
chusetts, February  25,  1834  (eighth  generation  from 
Edward  Breck,  who  came  to  Dorchester,  Massachusetts, 
from  Ashton,  England,  in  1635).  He  was  graduated 
from  the  Military  Academy  July  1,  1855;  promoted  to 
brevet  second  lieutenant  of  artillery  and  second  lieutenant, 
First  Artillery,  same  day. 

He  served  in  the  Florida  hostilities  against  the  Semi- 
nole Indians  in  1855-56,  and  then  was  in  garrison  at 
Fort  Moultrie,  South  Carolina,  and  Fort  McHenry, 
Maryland,  to  1859,  when  he  was  transferred  to  duty  in 
the  Southwest,  and  marched  from  Helena,  Arkansas,  to 
Fort  Clark,  Texas,  during  the  same  year.  He  then 
returned  to  duty  at  Fort  Moultrie,  South  Carolina,  where 
he  remained  until  i860,  when  he  was  detailed  at  the 
Military  Academy  as  assistant  professor  of  geography, 
history,  and  ethics  to  April  26,  1861,  and  then  became 


principal  assistant  professor  of  geography,  history,  and 
ethics,  which  position  he  occupied  to  December  3,  1861, 
in  the  mean  time  having  again  been  promoted  first  lieu- 
tenant, First  Artillery,  April  11,  186 1,  which  grade  he 
held  to  February  20,  1862.  He  was  appointed  captain 
and  assistant  adjutant-general  November  29,  1861,  and 
served  in  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  from  186 1  to  1866, 
being  assistant  adjutant-general  of  General  McDowell's 
division  (Army  of  the  Potomac)  in  the  defences  of 
Washington,  D.  C,  to  March  24,  1862,  when  he  took 
the  field  as  assistant  adjutant-general  of  the  First  Army 
Corps  and  of  the  Department  of  the  Rappahannock, 
being  engaged  in  the  "occupation  of  Fredericksburg, 
Virginia,"  April  18,  1862,  and  in  the  "expedition  to  the 
Shenandoah  Valley,"  to  intercept  the  retreat  of  the  rebel 
forces  under  General  Jackson,  May  and  June,  1862. 

Captain  Breck  was  appointed  major  and  additional  aide- 
de-camp  May  2^,  1862,  and  major  and  assistant  adjutant- 
general  July  17,  1862,  and  ordered  to  duty  in  the  adjutant- 
general's  office  at  Washington,  D.  C,  where  he  remained 
until  1869,  in  charge  of  rolls,  returns,  books,  blanks,  and 
business  pertaining  to  the  enlisted  men  of  the  regular 
and  volunteer  forces,  and  of  the  records  of  discontinued 
commands  and  the  preparation  and  publication  of  the 
"  Volunteer  Army  Register." 

At  the  close  of  the  war  he  was  made  brevet  lieutenant- 
xolonel  September  24,  1864,  "  for  meritorious  and  faithful 
services  during  the  Rebellion;"  brevet  colonel  March  1  3, 
1865,  "for  diligent,  faithful,  and  meritorious  services  in 
the  Adjutant- General's  Department  during  the  Rebel- 
lion;" brevet  brigadier-general,  U.S.A.,  March  13,  1S65, 
"  for  diligent,  faithful,  and  meritorious  services  in  the 
Adjutant-General's  Department  during  the  Rebellion." 

Since  1870  General  Breck  has  had  extended  service 
throughout  the  country,  his  posts  of  duty  having  been 
in  California,  New  York,  Washington,  D.  C,  Minnesota, 
Nebraska,  and  again  at  Washington,  D.  C,  where  he  is 
now  on  duty. 

He  was  appointed  lieutenant-colonel  and  assistant 
adjutant-general  February  28,  1887. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


49 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL  JOSEPH   CABELL   BRECKIN- 
RIDGE. INSPECTOR-GENERAL,  U.S.A. 

Brigadier-General  Joseph  Cabell  Breckinridge 
was  born  at  Baltimore  January  14,  1842.  The  son  of  the 
eminent  theologian,  Robert  Jefferson  Breckinridge,  and 
grandson  of  Senator  John  Breckinridge,  attorney-general 
under  Jefferson,  he  is,  through  his  mother,  descended  from 
General  Francis  Preston  and  General  William  Campbell, 
"the  hero  of  King's  Mountain."  Educated  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Virginia,  he  abandoned  the  study  of  law  to 
join  General  Nelson,  and  August  26,  1861,  became  acting 
assistant  adjutant-general  of  his  force.  General  George 
H.  Thomas,  succeeding  to  the  command,  appointed  him 
an  aide-de-camp.  He  was  present  at  the  repulse  and 
overthrow  of  Zollicoffer  at  Mill  Spring,  Kentucky,  re- 
ceiving mention  from  Thomas,  and  the  campaign  through 
Nashville  to  Shiloh.  At  Corinth  he  received,  as  a  re- 
ward of  gallantry  at  Mill  Spring,  a  commission  in  Bat- 
tery B,  Second  (regular)  Artillery,  dated  April  14,  1862. 
With  his  battery  he  was  at  Forts  Pickens  and  Barrancas, 
and  Pensacola,  and  joined  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee 
before  Atlanta.  When  McPherson  was  killed,  July  22. 
1864,  he  was  captured  and  sent  to  Charleston  to  be  ex- 
posed to  the  fire  of  Union  guns.  Exchanged  in  a  special 
cartel,  he  reached  home  broken  in  health,  and  served  as 
mustering  officer  till  the  close  of  the  war.  He  was  bre- 
vetted  captain  July  26,  1864,  and  major  March  13,  1865, 
"  for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  in  front  of  At- 
lanta," and  "  during  the  war." 

After  the  war  lie  went  with  his  regiment  from  Fort 
Mc Henry  to  California  via  the  Isthmus  of  Panama.  In 
1870  he  became  adjutant  of  the  Artillery  School  at  Fort 
Monroe.  Promoted  to  a  captaincy  June  17,  1874.  he 
was  assigned  to  the  command  of  Fort  Foote,  and  in  1877 
of  the  artillery  troops  at  Washington  Arsenal.  Promoted 
in  1 88 1  major  and  assistant  inspector-general,  and  or- 
dered to  the  Pacific  coast,  where  he  served  successively 
on  the  staffs  of  Generals  McDowell,  Schofield,  and  Pope, 
until  1885,  when  he  was  transferred  to  the  Military  Di- 
vision of  the  Missouri,  on  the  staffs  of  Generals  Scho- 
field and  Terry.  During  the  summer  of  1 8S4  he  received 
leave  for  a  year,  which  he  spent  in  foreign  travel  and  in 
the  stud\r  of  the  armies  of  Europe.  Pie  was  successively 
promoted  to  be  lieutenant-colonel  and  colonel,  and  in 
1889  inspector-general  of  the  army,  with  the  rank  of 
brigadier-general. 

Since  he  was  senior  inspector-general  of  the  army  an 


unusual  number  of  changes  have  occurred,  requiring  great 
and  exacting  labor  from  him  and  improving  the  efficiency 
of  the  army.  Thus,  G.  O.  No.  50,  A.  G.  O.  1889,  for- 
bids unnecessary  military  performance  and  inspection  on 
Sunday;  the  Army  Regulations  of  18S9  improve  the 
post  schools  ;  G.  O.  No.  15,  1890,  improve  the  instruction 
in  colleges  where  officers  of  the  army  are  detailed  ;  a 
regular  officer  was  named  in  [891,  for  the  first  time,  to 
inspect  and  instruct  the  militia  camp  of  every  State  in  the 
Union ;  all  inspections  were  applied  equally  to  every 
branch  of  the  service;  G.  O.  No.  1  1,  A.  G.  O.  1891,  re- 
duced the  delay  in  receiving  post-inspection  reports 
about  one-half,  and  gave  increased  promptness  and  thor- 
oughness to  remedial  action  ;  every  effort  is  being  made 
to  get  younger  and  better  men,  and  horses,  and  rations, 
and  establish  gymnasiums,  riding-halls,  and  soldiers'  in- 
stitutes ;  and  all  unnecessary  restrictions  upon  the  legal 
rights  of  enlisted  men  have  been  removed,  and  the 
number  of  articles  kept  for  sale  at  army  posts  has  been 
doubled;  the  allowance  of  baggage  has  been  increased, 
and  an  increased  allowance  of  quarters  has  been  recom- 
mended. 

In  personal  appearance  General  Breckinridge  is  a 
typical  Kentuckian,  and  well  sustains  the  standard  of  the 
Inspector-General's  Department  for  soldierly  bearing  ;  he 
is  six  feet  in  height,  of  athletic  build  and  striking  pres- 
ence, possessing  the  conversational  powers  for  which  his 
family  are  justly  famous,  and  his  flow  of  wit  and  anecdote 
is  unfailing. 


So 


OFFICERS    OF   THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN   KIDDER   RANDOLPH   BREESE,   U.S.N. 

Captain  Kidder  Randolph  Bkeese,  U.S.N.,  was  born 
in  Philadelphia.  Appointed  midshipman  November  6, 
1846,  from  Rhode  Island;  February,  1 847,  was  ordered 
to  the  "Saratoga,"  Commander  Farragut,  and  served  in 
heron  the  Mexican  coast  during  the  war.  In  the  spring 
of  1S4S  ordered  to  the  frigate  "  Brandywine ;"  served  in 
the  "  Brandywine"  until  the  expiration  of  her  cruise, 
December,  1850.  February,  1S51,  joined  the  frigate 
"  St.  Laurence,"  then  loading  at  New  York'  with  articles 
for  the  World's  Fair,  at  London,  and  made  that  cruise  in 
her,  returning  in  September,  1X51.  Passed  midshipman 
June,  1852,  and  was  ordered  to  the  "  Mississippi,"  flag- 
ship of  Commodore  M.  C.  Pern-,  commanding  japan 
Expedition.  On  the  return  of  the  "  Mississippi"  to  the 
United  States,  in  June,  1S55,  was  detached  and  granted 
leave.  In  July  was  ordered  on  Coast  Survey  duty,  and 
was  engaged  on  that  work  until  August,  185S.  Was  then 
ordered  to  the  "Preble,"  on  the  Paraguay  Expedition, 
serving  in  that  expedition  and  afterwards  on  the  Mos- 
quito coast,  off  Greytown,  until  September,  1859,  when 
he  was  invalided  home  with  Isthmus  fever.  December, 
i860,  was  ordered  to  the  "  Portsmouth,"  on  the  coast  of 
Africa.  Served  on  board  the  "  Portsmouth"  until  August, 
i860,  when  he  joined  the  "  San  Jacinto."  Remained  on 
board  the  "San  Jacinto"  until  the  expiration  of  her  cruise, 


December,  1S61,  during  which  upward  of  fifteen  hundred 
slaves  were  captured  on  the  coast  of  Africa,  and  Messrs. 
Slidell  and  Mason  were  taken  from  the  "  Trent."  Decem- 
ber, 1S61,  was  ordered  to  the  command  of  the  Third  Di- 
vision of  Porter's  Mortar  Flotilla,  and  participated  in  the 
attack  on  New  Orleans  and  Vicksburg,  in  1862.  Was 
recommended  for  promotion  by  Captain  Porter  for  ser- 
vices at  this  time.  July,  l862,was  made  lieutenant-com- 
mander upon  the  establishment  of  that  grade.  October, 
1862,  joined  Admiral  Porter  in  the  Mississippi  Squadron, 
and  took  command  of  his  flag-ship,  the  "  Black  Hawk." 
Served  in  that  capacity  during  Admiral  Porter's  com- 
mand, and  was  present  or  connected  with  all  the  most 
important  operations  on  the  Mississippi  River  and  its 
tributaries  during  that  officer's  command.  At  the  close 
of  the  Red  River  Expedition  was  recommended,  with 
certain  other  commanding  officers,  for  promotion  to 
commander.  On  Admiral  Porter  being  ordered,  in  Sep- 
tember, 1864,  to  command  the  North  Atlantic  Blockad- 
ing Squadron,  was  selected  by  him  as  his  fleet-captain, 
and  served  in  that  capacity  until  May,  1865,  when  hos- 
tilities ceased.  As  fleet-captain  was  in  both  engagements 
at  Fort  Fisher,  and  in  the  subsequent  operations  in  Cape 
Fear  River.  Commanded  the  sailors  and  marines  in  the 
naval  assault  on  Fort  Fisher,  and  was  recommended  by 
Admiral  Porter  for  immediate  promotion  for  services  on 
that  occasion.  August,  1865,  was  ordered  to  the  Naval 
Academy,  and  served  there  until  September,  1866,  as 
assistant  to  the  superintendent,  Admiral  Porter.  June, 
1867,  to  the  Washington  Navy-Yard,  as  inspector  of 
ordnance.  July,  1869,  was  detached  from  the  navy-yard. 
June  29,  1870,  ordered  to  the  command  of  the  "  Ply- 
mouth," European  Squadron.  Detached  from  "Plymouth" 
in  October,  1872.  December,  1S72,  ordered  to  duty  in 
the  Bureau  oft  )rdnance,  Navy  Department,  and  in  June, 
1873,  to  the  Naval  Academy,  as  commandant  of  mid- 
shipmen. Commissioned  as  captain  August  9,  1874,  and 
in  November,  1874,  was,  at  his  own  request,  detached 
from  the  Naval  Academy.  In  January,  1875,  ordered  to 
report  to  the  superintendent  of  the  Coast  Survey  for  duty 
as  hydrographic  inspector,  and  in  June,  1875,  was  de- 
tached and  ordered  to  the  command  of  Torpedo  station, 
Newport,  Rhode  Island,  where  he  served  until  1879. 
Commanding  "  Pensacola,"  Pacific  station,  1879-S0. 
Died  September  15,  1881. 


J 1 7/0   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


Si 


CAPTAIN   HENRY   F.   BREWERTON. 

Captain  Henry  I1'.  Brewerton  (Fifth  Artillery)  was 
born  in  New  York  June  30,  1838,  and  entered  the  mili- 
tary service  from  civil  life,  having  been  appointed  second 
lieutenant  of  the  Fifth  U.  S.  Artillery  May  14,  186 1.  He 
was  assigned  to  Light  Batter}-  K,  and  was  at  the  Light- 
Artillery  School  of  Instruction  at  Camp  Cameron,  Penn- 
sylvania,  and  with  the  Artillery  Reserve  of  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac  until  January,  1862,  when  he  was  made 
signal  officer  of  the  Artillery  Brigade,  and  served  in  that 
capacity  to  March,  1862,  at  which  time  he  was  promoted 
first  lieutenant.  He  was  then  detailed  on  recruiting  ser- 
vice, and  on  mustering  and  disbursing  duty,  and  assistant 
commissary  of  musters  of  the  Department  of  the  Sus- 
quehanna to  July,  1864.  Joining  Light  Battery  B,  Fifth 
Artillery,  at  Cumberland,  Maryland,  he  served  with  it  to 
October,  1866. 

Captain  Brewerton  participated  in  the  Peninsula  cam- 
paign from  Manassas  (including  siege  of  Yorktown, 
Williamsburg  to  Chickahominy),  and  in  command  of 
section  of  light  artillery  protecting  passage  of  troops 
during  battles  of  Fair  ( )aks  and  Seven  Pines,  and  during 
battles  of  seven  days  (Gaines'  Mill,  Mechanicsville,  and 
Malvern  Hill)  with  Horse  Batten-  C,  Third  Artillery, 
under  General  Stoneman.  He  commanded  a  section 
covering  the  retreat  of  the  army  with  General  Averell  ; 
he  commanded  a  section  of  Horse  Battery  C,  Third 
Artillery,  at  White  Oak  Swamp  and  White  Oak  Swamp 
Bridge  ;  he  was  witli  General  Sheridan  in  the  Shenandoah 
campaign  and  commanded  Light  Battery  B,  Fifth  Artil- 
lery, but  was  captured  October  19,  1S64,  and  prisoner  of 
war  in  Libby  Prison,  Virginia,  from  October,  1864,  to 
April,  1S65,  exchanged.  At  the  termination  of  the  war 
he  received  the  brevet  of  captain,  to  date  from  October 
19,  1864,  "  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the 
battle  of  Cedar  Creek,  Virginia,"  and  was  promoted 
captain  September  18,  1868. 

He  served  from  1866  to  1873  at  Fort  Monroe,  Vir- 
ginia ;  Camp  Williams,  Richmond,  Va.  ;  Fort  Jefferson, 
Dry  Tortugas,  Fla. ;  Fort  Preble,  Maine  ;  and  St.  Al- 
bans, New  York,  during  the  Fenian  raid,  and  was  on 
special  duty  at  Newport,  Rhode  Island,  under  the  orders 
of  the  major-general  commanding  the  division,  and  was 
transferred,  in  1873,  to  the  light  battery  of  the  regiment 
at  Fort  Adams,  Rhode  Island.  His  station  was  changed 
in  February,  1875,  to  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  and  in 
1877  was  detailed  to  proceed  to  Louisville,  Kentucky,  to 
purchase    horses  for    light-artillery  service.     This   kept 


him  until  July,  187S,  when  he  was  ordered  to  Atlanta, 
Georgia.  In  July,  188 1,  Captain  Brewerton  was  detailed 
as  a  member  of  the  Light- Artillery  Board  at  Washington, 
D.C.,  which  duty  was  completed  in  September  of  the 
same  year,  when  he  rejoined  his  battery  at  McPherson 
Barracks,  Atlanta.  On  December  6,  1 88 1 ,  he  was  ordered 
to  Fort  Hamilton,  New  York,  in  command  of  Light  Bat- 
tery F,  from  which  he  was  relieved  and  transferred  to 
Batten-  C,  at  Fort  Monroe,  Virginia,  as  instructor  at  the 
Artillery  School,  December  19,  1882.  He  was  trans- 
ferred at  his  own  request  from  Battery  C  to  Battery  K, 
January  10,  1883,  at  Fort  Schuyler,  New  York,  and 
assumed  command  of  the  last-named  battery  eight  days 
later. 

Upon  the  transfer  of  the  Fifth  Artillery  to  the  Pacific 
coast  in  1889,  Captain  Brewerton  was  stationed  at  the 
Presidio  of  San  Francisco,  in  command  of  Battery  K, 
and  was  recorder  of  a  Retiring  Board  at  New  York  City 
in  1 89 1.  He  was  placed  on  special  duty  in  the  Depart- 
ment of  the  East  in  1892,  where  he  is  now  located. 

While  a  lieutenant,  he  was  acting  regimental  quarter- 
master in  1861  ;  adjutant  of  the  Artillery  Reserve  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac  to  January,  1862;  battalion  ad- 
jutant of  the  Fifth  Artillery,  acting  assistant  adjutant-gen- 
eral, and  inspector-general  at  Fort  Monroe  from  1867  to 
1869.  He  commanded  the  post  at  Fort  Preble,  Maine, 
in  1870,  and  a  battalion  of  the  Fifth  Artillery  at  St. 
Albans,  Vermont,  during  the  Fenian  raids,  as  well  as 
McPherson  Barracks,  Georgia,  from  November  12  to 
December  6,  1881. 


52 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  {Regular. 


COMMANDER  JOHN  J.   BRICE. 

Commander  John  J.  Brice  entered  the  volunteer  navy 
in  August,  1 86 r ,  at  the  commencement  of  the  Civil  War. 
His  fust  orders  were  to  the  U.  S.  steamer  "  Freeborn," 
Potomac  flotilla;  afterwards  commanded  the  schooner 
"Bailey,"  the  captured  .steamer  "Eureka,"  the  "Prim- 
rose," and  at  the  end  of  the  war  commanded  the  U.  S. 
steamer  "Don."  He  was  twice  promoted  for  gallant 
conduct,  and  transferred  to  the  regular  navy  in  1868.  He 
took  part  in  the  following  engagements  and  expeditions: 

Engagement  with  the  Shipping  Point  batteries  on  the 
Potomac  River  in  1861  ;  expedition  upon  Yorktown  in 
1862;  attack  upon  the  Acquia  Creek  batteries;  engage- 
ment with  rebel  batteries  at  Belle  Plains;  landing  expe- 
dition at  Matthias's  Point,  Potomac  River;  cutting-out 
expedition,  Piankatank  River,  Virginia,  1S62;  Glouces- 
ter batteries,  Rappahannock  River,  1862;  Jones's  Bluff 
batteries,    Rappahannock    River,   1S64;  boat    expedition 


on  the  Rappahannock  River  in  1864;  at  the  capture  of 
Fredericksburg,  Virginia,  in  1862  ;  cutting-out  expedition 
on  Maddox  Creek,  1864;  landing  expedition,  Maddox 
Creek,  and  engagements  with  guerillas  in  1864;  cutting- 
out  expedition  to  Mill  Point;  engagements  with  Cockpit 
Point  batteries  in  1861  ;  running  the  Potomac  River  bat- 
teries at  night  in  November,  1 86 1 ,  and  January,  1862; 
attack  upon  Smith  Point  batteries  on  the  Potomac  River 
in  1862;  attack  of  rebel  rams,  James  River,  1865  ;  cutting- 
out  expedition,  Wicomico  River,  in  1863;  with  Grant's 
army  during  the  battles  of  the  Wilderness  and  Spott- 
sylvania,  protecting  the  submarine  telegraph  and  the 
wounded. 

lie  joined  the  U.S.  steamer  "  De  Soto"  in  1865,  and 
made  a  cruise  in  the  West  Indies.  In  1867  he  was 
ordered  to  the  U.  S.  steam-sloop  "  Quinnebaug,"  and 
served  in  that  vessel  in  the  South  Atlantic  Squadron  until 
1S70.  He  was  stationed  at  the  Hydrographic  ( )ffice, 
in  Washington,  after  his  return,  but  in  August  of  that 
year  was  ordered  to  the  U.  S.  steamer  "  Saco,"  of  the 
European  Squadron, — being  afterwards  transferred  to  the 
"Franklin."  In  1872  he  was  at  the  Torpedo  School  at 
Newport.  In  1873  lie  was  attached  to  the  U.  S.  steamer 
"  Richmond,"  of  the  Pacific  fleet,  and  was  transferred  to 
the  U.  S.  steamer  "  Saranac,"  being  attached  to  that 
vessel  when  she  was  wrecked,  at  Vancouver,  in  June, 
1875.  During  1S76  he  was  on  duty  at  the  Naval  Ob- 
servatory, in  Washington,  and,  in  1878,  was  ordered  to 
the  navy-yard  at  Mare  Island.  After  making  a  cruise 
in  the"  Lackawanna"  in  the  Pacific,  he  again  returned  to 
duty  at  Mare  Island,  whence  he  was  sent  to  the  Isthmus 
of  Panama,  during  the  operations  of  the  U.  S.  forces  in 
keeping  the  transit  open.  In  18S5  he  was  ordered  to  the 
"Iroquois,"  of  the  Pacific  Squadron.  In  18S8  he  took 
the  course  at  the  Naval  War  College  at  Newport  ;  and 
in  1889  was  stationed  at  the  navy-yard,  Washington.  In 
1890  he  was  ordered  to  duty  upon  the  United  States  Fish 
Commission. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   C/J IL    WAR. 


53 


PAYMASTER-GF.NERAI.   HORATIO  BRIDGE,  U.S.N. 

(RETIRED.) 

Paymaster-General  Horatio  Bridge,  U.S.N,  (re- 
tired), was  born  in  Augusta,  Maine,  April  S,  1S06.  He 
was  educated  at  Bowdoin  College,  and  graduated  in  the 
class  of  1825.  He  studied  law  at  the  Northampton  Law 
School,  and  practised  it  at  Augusta  for  a  few  years  ;  then 
left  the  legal  profession  ami  entered  the  navy  February 
19,  1838,  as  purser. 

May  3,  1838,  he  was  ordered  to  the  sloop-of-war 
"  Cyane,"  and  made  a  cruise  of  three  years  in  the  Mediter- 
ranean. December  7,  1843,  he  was  ordered  to  the  sloop- 
of-war  "Saratoga,"  and  made  a  cruise  of  two  years  on 
the  west  coast  of  Africa,  on  returning  from  which  he 
published  the  "Journal  of  an  African  Cruiser." 

April  1,  1845,  he  was  ordered  to  the  navy-yard  at 
Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire. 

April  9,  1846,  he  was  ordered  to  the  frigate  "United 
States,"  the  flag-ship  of  Commodore  Read,  and  made  a 
three  years'  cruise  on  the  African  and  European  stations. 

July  17,  1849,  he  was  ordered  to  the  navy-yard,  Ports- 
mouth, New  Hampshire. 

November  6,  1851,  he  was  ordered  to  the  sloop-of- 
war  "  Portsmouth,"  of  the  Pacific  Squadron,  from  which 
vessel  he  was  detached  December  3,  1853,  and  ordered 
home. 

September  21,  1854,  he  was  appointed  chief  of  the 
Bureau  of  Provisions  ami  Clothing. 

April  8,  1 868,  he  was  transferred  to  the  retired  list, 
with  the  title  of  paymaster-general  and  relative  rank  of 
commodore. 


April  8,  1869,  he  resigned  as  chief  of  bureau. 

July  6,  1869,  he  was  appointed  chief  inspector  of  pro- 
visions and  clothing. 

February  8,  1873,  he  was  detached  from  duty,  under 
the  provision  of  law  prohibiting  the  employment  of  navy 
officers  on  the  retired  list  except  in  time  of  war. 

Paymaster-General  Bridge  now  resides  at  "  The  Moor- 
ings," Athens,  Pennsylvania. 

He  is  well  known  as  an  accomplished  writer  and  most 
capable  officer,  who  enjoyed  the  intimacy  and  confidence 
of  the  different  Presidents  and  Secretaries  under  whom 
he  served  so  long  in  his  most  responsible  position. 


54 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY    regular) 


CAPTAIN   HENRY    K.   BRINKERHOFF. 

Captain  Henry  R.  Brinkerhoff  (Fifteenth  Infantry) 
was  born  in  Ohio  October  9.  1S36.  He  entered  the  vol- 
unteer service  in  the  early  days  of  the  Rebellion,  as  first 
lieutenant  of  the  Thirtieth  1  Ihio  Infantry,  August  29, 
1861,  and   participated    in   the   Vicksburg    campaign  of 


1863,  being  engaged  in  the  siege,  assaults,  and  capture  of 
Vicksburg,  Mississippi,  June,  and  July  of  that  year. 

He  was  honorably  mustered  out  of  the  Thirtieth  Ohio 
Infantry  July  26,  1863,  in  order  to  accept  the  lieutenant- 
colonelcy  of  the  Fifty-second  U.S.  Colored  Troops  July 
27,  and  with  his  regiment  participated  in  the  Maryland 
campaign  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  being  engaged 
in  the  battles  of  South  Mountain  ami  Antietam,  Mary- 
land, September  15,  16,  and  17,  1862,  and  in  the  actions 
of  Coleman's  Cross-Roads,  Mississippi,  in  1S64. 

He  was  in  the  Department  of  the  South,  with  colored 
troops,  from  this  time  until  1S66.  He  resigned  June  20, 
[865,  but  was  reappointed  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Fifty- 
second  U.  S.  Colored  Infantry  September  16,  1S65,  from 
which  he  was  honorably  mustered  out  May  5,  1866. 

Colonel  Brinkerhoff  then  entered  the  regular  service, 
by  receiving  the  appointment  of  second  lieutenant  of  the 
Fifteenth  U.S.  Infantry.  lime  3,  1867,  and  served  with 
his  regiment  in  the  Department  of  the  South,  in  Texas, 
New  Mexico,  and  Dakota,  at  various  stations.  He  was 
promoted  first  lieutenant  November  7,  1867,  and  captain 
September  iS,  187S.  Since  joining  his  regiment  lie  has 
participated  in  its  movements,  both  by  rail- and  wagon- 
road,  and  is  at  present  stationed  at  Fort  Sheridan, 
Illinois. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


55 


CAPTAIN    AND   BREVET   LIEUTENANT-COLONEL 
HENRY   B.   BRISTOL  (retired). 

Captain  and  Brevet  Lieutenant-Colonel  Henry 
B.  Bristol  was  born  in  Detroit,  Michigan,  April  25, 
1S38.  Me  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  of  the  Fifth 
Infantry,  May  15,  1S57,  from  civil  life.  He  participated 
in  the  expedition  to  Utah  under  Colonel  Albert  Sydney 
Johnson  in  1857.  He  was  at  Fort  Bridger  in  1858,  and 
Camp  Floyd,  Utah,  in  1859.  He  was  promoted  first 
lieutenant  May  13,  1861,  and  captain  June  1,  1861.  He 
served  during  the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  and  was  employed 
in  scouting  on  the  Spanish  trail  to  New  Mexico,  and 
then  stationed  at  Fort  Marcy,  Albuquerque,  and  Fort 
Defiance,  when  he  participated  in  the  Navajo  campaign, 
and  scouting  the  San  Juan  country  and  Chasco  Valley. 
Then  he  was  at  Forts  Craig  and  Union.  He  was  en- 
gaged with  Confederates  at  Los  Perios.  He  pursued 
the  hostile  Texans  down  the  Rio  Grande  to  Fort 
Sumner. 

He  was  appointed  military  superintendent  of  Navajo 
Indians  at  Bosque  Redondo  Reservation,  and  was  acting 
commissary  of  subsistence  and  agent  until  1866. 

Captain  Bristol  was  brevetted  March  13,  1S65,  as 
major,  for  "  faithful  and  meritorious  services  in  New 
Mexico;"  and  lieutenant-colonel  for  "  faithful  and  meri- 
torious services  in  New  Mexico,  and  particularly  for  his 
untiring  zeal  and  energy  in  controlling  the  Navajo  tribe 
of  Indians  at  the  Bosque  Redondo  Reservation,  and  for 
his  praiseworthy  efforts  in  advancing  their  condition  from 
that  of  savages  to  that  of  civilized  men." 


In  1S66  Captain  Bristol  was  detailed  on  recruiting  ser- 
vice in  New  York  harbor,  anil  Detroit,  Michigan,  in 
1867.  He  was  then  stationed  at  Bedloe's  Island,  and 
was  employed  in  conducting  recruits  to  San  Francisco, 
and  returned  to  Chicago  on  recruiting  duty  in  1868. 
1  [e  was  at  Fort  Reynolds,  California,  in  1869  ;  Forts  Har- 
ker,  Larned,  and  Dodge  to  1871,  and  then  was  employed 
along  the  line  of  the  Atchison,  Topeka  and  Santa  Fe  Rail- 
way, west  to  the  Colorado  line,  engaged  in  the  Comanche 
campaign.  He  was  also  engaged  in  the  Sioux  campaign, 
and  at  Fort  Keogh,  Montana,  from  1877  to  date  of  re- 
tirement, March  20,  1879. 


56 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (.regular) 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL  JOHN   R.  BROOKE. 

Brigadier-General  John  R.  Brooke  was  burn  in 
Pennsylvania  July  21,  183S.  He  entered  the  military 
service  at  the  commencement  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion 
as  captain  in  the  Fourth  Pennsylvania  Volunteer  Infan- 
try April  20,  1861,  and  was  appointed  colonel  of  the 
Fifty-third  Pennsylvania  Volunteers  November  7,  1X61, 
serving  in  the  field  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  1861- 
65  ;  he  was  in  command  of  his  regiment  in  the  campaign 
commencing  March  10,  1862,  from  the  defences  of  Wash- 
ington to  the  Rappahannock'  River,  Virginia;  returning 
to  Alexandria,  Virginia,  thence  by  transport  ships  to 
Ship  Point,  York  River  Bay;  was  in  the  campaign  cul- 
minating in  the  Seven  Days' Battles  before  Richmond, 
Virginia;  he  was  in  the  second  Bull  Rim  and  Antietam 
campaigns,  August  and  September,  1862  ;  in  advance  of 
reconnoissance  from  Harper's  Ferry  to  Charlestown, 
Virginia,  October,  1862  ;  in  Fredericksburg  campaign  to 
December,  1S62;  in  Chancellorsville  campaign,  May, 
1863;  in  Gettysburg  campaign  to  Jul)-,  1 S63  ;  in  cam- 
paign (October,  1863)  resulting  in  the  effort  of  Lee  to 
turn  the  right  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  during  which 
occurred  the  combats  at  Auburn  Mills  and  Bristoe  Sta- 
tion ;  following  this,  late  in  November,  was  the  Mine- 
Run  campaign,  with  several  combats  and  skirmishes;  in 
camp  at   Harrisburg,  Pennsylvania,  from   December  29, 

1863,  to  March  26,  1864;  in  the  Wilderness  campaign 
of  1864  to  Cold  Harbor,  Virginia,  when  he  was  severely 
wounded  and  granted  leave  of  absence  to  September  16, 

1864.  Colonel  Brooke  then  received  the  commission  of 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers  "for  distinguished  ser- 
vices during  the  recent  battles  of  the  Old  Wilderness 
and  Spottsylvania  Court-House,  Virginia."  During  the 
war  he  participated  in  the  siege  of  Yorktown,  battles  of 
Fair  Oaks  (wounded),  second  Bull  Run,  Antietam,  Fred- 


ericksburg,   Chancellorsville,    Gettysburg     (wounded) ; 
skirmishes  at   Bank's   Ford   of  the  Rappahannock  and 
Thoroughfare  Gap,  Virginia,  as  well  as  a   skirmish   at 
Falling  Water,  where  part  of  Lee's  army  crossed   the 
Potomac,  after  Gettysburg;   combats  at   Auburn    Mills 
and  Bristoe  Station  ;  several  combats  and  skirmishes  in 
the  Mine  Run  campaign,  November,  1863  ;  battle  in  the 
Old  Wilderness  ;  combats  on  the  Po  River;  successful  as- 
sault of"  Salient"  at  Spottsylvania  Court-House,  and  again 
May  16,  1S64,  capturing  on  May  12  a  large  number  of 
prisoners  and  man}-  pieces  of  artillery  ;  combats  at  North 
Anna  and  Tolopotomy  ;  assault  of  enemy's  works  at  Cold 
Harbor,  at  daylight  on  June  3,  1864,  during  which  Colo- 
nel Brooke's  command  penetrated  the  works  and  he  was 
severely  wounded.     Colonel  Brooke  exercised  the  com- 
mand of  a  brigade  on  numerous  occasions  during  the 
war  while  a  colonel,  and   commanded  a  special  detach- 
ment of  five  regiments  of   infantry,  three  regiments  of 
cavalry,  and  two  batteries  of  artillery,  the  advance  of  a 
reconnoissance  commanded  by  General    Hancock-,  from 
Harper's  Ferry,  Virginia,  to  Charlestown,  Virginia,  Octo- 
ber,   1S62;  camp  of  veteran   volunteers  at   Harrisburg, 
Pennsylvania,  December  29,  1863,  to  March  26,  1864;  on 
recovering  from   the  wounds   received  at  Cold   Harbor, 
Colonel  Brooke  was  detailed  on  special   duty  to   March 
1  i,  1865,  at  which  time  he  joined  his  command  in  the 
Army  of  the  Shenandoah,  where  he  remained  until  Au- 
gust 10,  1865,  when  he  was  placed  on  court-martial  duty 
to  February  1,  1S66,  when  he  resigned  from  the  service. 
On  the  28th  of  July,  1866,  General   Brooke  was  ap- 
pointed  lieutenant-colonel   of  the   Thirty-seventh  L\  S. 
Infantry,  and  was  made  brevet  colonel,  U.  S.  A.,  March 
2,  iSf>7,  "  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle 
of  Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania;"   brevet  brigadier-general 
U.  S.  A.,  March  2,  1S67,  "  for  gallant  and  meritorious  ser- 
vices  in   the  battle  of  Spottsylvania   Court-House,  Vir- 
ginia;" brevet  major-general  of  volunteers  August  1,  18114, 
"for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  battles  of  Tolo- 
potomy and  Cold  Harbor,  Virginia."     Proceeding  to  the 
plains,  he  served  at  various  stations  in  the  West  until 
transferred  to  the  Third  U.  S.  Infantry  March  15,  1869, 
whereupon  he  joined  his  regiment  at  Holly  Springs,  Mis- 
sissippi, serving   in   the  neighborhood  of   New  Orleans 
until  ordered  with   his  regiment  to  Pennsylvania  during 
the  labor  riots  of  1877,  upon  the  completion  of  which 
duty  his  regiment  was  transferred  to  Montana.      lie  was 
promoted  colonel  of  the  Thirteenth   Infantry  March  20, 
1879,  but  transferred  to  the  Third  Infantry  the  following 
June;  then  appointed  brigadier-general  U.  S.  A.  April 
6,  1 888,  and  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  Department 
of  the  Platte,  which  command  he  now  holds.     General 
Brooke  took  active  part  and  was  present  in  the  Sioux 
campaign   of   1890-91,   at    Pine    Ridge    Agency,   South 
Dakota. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


57 


COLONEL   AND   BREVET  BRIGADIER-GENERAL 
HORACE    BROOKS   (retired). 

Colonel  and  Brevet  Brigadier-General  Horace 
Brooks  was  born  in  Massachusetts,  and  was  appointed 
to  the  Military  Academy  through  the  application  of 
General  Lafayette,  from  which  he  graduated  July  I,  1835, 
and  was  assigned  to  the  Second  LTnited  States  Artillery, 
passing  through  all  the  various  grades  of  that  arm  of  the 
service  to  that  of  colonel  of  the  Fourth  Artillery,  Au- 
gust 1,  1863. 

His  first  war  experience  was  with  the  Indians  in 
Florida,  being  engaged  in  the  combat  of  "  Withlacoochie" 
and  action  of  "  Oloklikaha,"  March  31,  1836,  for  which 
lie  was  brevetted  first  lieutenant.  He  was  then  ordered 
tn  duty  as  assistant  professor  of  mathematics  at  the  Mili- 
tary Academy,  where  he  remained  until  1S39.  He  was 
then  on  frontier,  recruiting,  and  garrison  duty  until  the 
breaking  out  of  the  Mexican  War,  when  he  was  sent  to 
Tampico  (old  Mexico)  with  the  first  troops  that  occupied 
it,  and  was  ordered  to  the  neck,  or  only  road  by  land  to 
the  city,  which  he  was  ordered  to  hold  at  all  hazards. 

During  the  Mexican  War  he  was  engaged  in  the  siege 
of  Vera  Cruz,  battles  of  Cerro  Gordo,  Amazoque,  San 
Antonio,  Contreras,  Churubusco,  Molino  del  Rey,  Cha- 
pultepec,  and  capture  of  the  City*  of  Mexico.  He  was 
brevetted  a  major  "  for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  in 
the  battles  of  Contreras  and  Churubusco,"  and  lieutenant- 
colonel  "  for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  in  the  battle 
of  Molino  del  Rey." 

During  the  Canada  War  received  a  letter  from  the 
judge  of  the  court  (that  tried  McCloud)  for  handling  his 
company  with  much  discretion  on  the  critical  occasion, 
and  he  escorted  McCloud  to  Montreal,  with  General 
Anderson,  and  turned  him  over  to  the  civil  authorities. 
Received  the  compliments  of  General  Mansfield,  in- 
spector-general, for  having  one  of  the  best-drilled  com- 
panies in  New  Mexico  in  1S51;  received  the  formal 
thanks  of  the  citizens  of  Santa  Fe,  New  Mexico,  for 
cutting  through  the  palace  and  placing  a  mountain 
howitzer  in  position  to  flank  the  plaza,  there  being  fears 
of  an  insurrection  of  the  Spanish  population,  which 
caused  the  Americans  to  stand  guard  night  and  day.  On 
garrison  and  frontier  duty,  including  the  Utah  expedi- 
tion, Indian  skirmishing,  and  the  border  troubles  in 
Kansas,  to  1861,  Inning  been  engaged  in  a  skirmish  with 
Utah  Indians  April  28,  1855;  also  in  a  skirmish  near 
the  head-waters  of  the  Arkansas  River,  while  stationed 
at  Fort  Massachusetts,  New  Mexico. 

At  beginning  of  Civil  War  was  in  command  of  the 
Light-Battery  School  of  Practice ;  transferred  his  com- 
mand by  way  of  Chicago  to  Baltimore,  through  a  recep- 
tion of  artillery  salutes  as  he  passed  through  the  States. 
February  22,  1861,  passed  his  companies  in  review  before 
8 


President  Buchanan,  the  event  causing  some  excitement ; 
had  a  light  battery  stationed  at  the  Treasury  Department 
prepared  for  action  on  the  inauguration  of  President 
Lincoln  ;  soon  after  was  placed  in  command  of  a  steamer, 
sailing  under  sealed  orders,  which  proved  to  be  Fort 
Pickens,  Pensacola,  and  took  part  in  the  council  of  war 
which  was  held  to  determine  whether  the  fort  should  be 
held  or  abandoned  ;  was  in  command  at  Tortugas  at  the 
time  of  the  Mason  and  Slidell  capture,  and  suppressed  a 
strike  by  the  New  York  Wilson  Zouaves,  which  might 
result  in  consequence  of  the  labor  in  mounting  heavy 
guns  ;  ordered  by  Secretary  of  War  to  the  command  of 
Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania  ;  superintendent  of  volunteer 
recruiting  at  Columbus,  Ohio,  at  the  time  of  the  Morgan 
Raid;  also  chief  mustering  and  disbursing  officer ;  was 
for  some  time  commissioner  for  the  States  of  Maryland 
and  Delaware  on  account  of  the  Freedman's  Bureau  ; 
was  detached  on  the  board  to  select  officers  from  the 
volunteer  service  to  appointments  in  the  regular  army. 
Relieved  General  Canby  in  the  command  of  the  Depart- 
ment of  Washington  ;  was  in  command  of  Fort  Wash- 
ington and  the  Fourth  Regiment  of  Artillery  at  the  time 
of  the  attack  on  Washington  City  by  General  Early. 

At  the  close  of  the  Civil  War  Colonel  Brooks  was  hon- 
ored with  the  brevet  of  brigadier-general  in  the  United 
States  Army  for  meritorious  services  during  the  war. 

Title  of  A.B.  conferred  by  the  faculty  of  Geneva  (New 
York)  College  in  1 838  ;  made  an  honorary  member  of  the 
Literary  and  Historical  Society  of  Sioux  City,  Iowa  ;  and 
life-member  of  a  rifle  club  at  San  Francisco,  California. 

General  Brooks  was  retired  from  active  service  in  1  <S 7 7 . 
His  mother  was  Maria  Gowen  Brooks,  the  authoress  of 
"  Zophiel  and  other  Poems  ;"  and  Doctor  Southey,  after 
quoting  from  "  Zophiel,"  adds  that  "  Maria  del  Occi- 
dente  was  the  most  imaginative  and  impassioned  of 
all  poetesses." 


5» 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


SURGEON-GENERAL  JOHN   MILLS   BROWNE. 

Surgeon-General  John  Mills  Browne  was  born  in 
Hinsdale,  New  Hampshire,  May  10,  1831 ;  graduated  at 
the  medical  department  of  Harvard  University  in  March, 
1852,  and  appointed  assistant  surgeon  from  New  Hamp- 
shire March  26,  1853. 

His  first  duty  was  on  board  the  store-ship  "  Warren," 
Lieutenant-Commanding  Fabius  Stanley,  at  Saucelito, 
opposite  San  Francisco.  The  naval  station  at  Mare 
Island  was  just  then  in  contemplation,  and  Commander 
Farragut  had  been  sent  out,  to  get  the  plans  under  way, 
as  the  first  commandant.  He  was  obliged  to  live  on 
board  the  "  Warren"  until  some  sort  of  quarters  could  be 
provided  <>n  shore.  Dr.  Browne  was  medical  officer  of 
this  naval  establishment  until  May,  1855,  a  characteristic 
and  critical  period  in  the  settlement  of  California.  Dr. 
Browne  was  next  ordered  to  the  steamer"  Active," 
which  was  engaged  in  the  survey  of  the  coasts  and 
harbors  of  California,  Oregon,  anil  Washington  Terri- 
tories, and  in  the  winter  of  1855—56  (with  the  "  Massa- 
chusetts" and  "  Decatur")  in  the  Indian  war  in  Puget 
Sound.  In  the  summer  of  1857  the  "  Active"  was  en- 
gaged, with  H.M.S.  "Satellite,"  in  settling  the  northwest 
boundary. 

After  this  long  tour  of  duty  on  the  Western  coast,  Dr. 
Browne  came  East,  was  promoted  to  passed  assistant 
surgeon,  and  ordered  to  the  "Dolphin,"  of  the  Home 
Squadron,  in  June,  1858.  She  was  commanded  by  John 
N.  Maffit,  so  well  known  afterwards  as  the  commander 
of  the  Confederate  "  Florida."  In  August,  1858,  the 
"  Dolphin"  captured  the  brig  "  Echo"  off  Cape  Verde, 
Cuba,  with  over  three  hundred  African  slaves  on  board. 
The  prize  was  sent  to  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  and 
the  negroes  were  taken  to  Liberia  in  the  "  Niagara." 


When  the  Paraguay  Expedition  was  sent  out,  Dr.  Browne 
was  ordered  to  the  steamer  "  Atlanta,"  Captain  Daniel 
B.  Ridgely,  and  detached  before  sailing.  After  short  ser- 
vice at  the  Naval  Hospital  at  Norfolk,  he  was  attached 
t<  >  the  sloop-of-war  "  Constellation,"  flag-ship  of  the  Afri- 
can Squadron,  which  we  were  at  that  time  bound  by  con- 
vention to  keep  on  the  West  Coast.  During  the  cruise 
the  "  Constellation"  captured,  off  the  Congo  River,  the 
bark  "  Cora,"  with  seven  hundred  and  five  slaves,  who 
were  sent  to  Liberia. 

Dr.  Browne  was  commissioned  as  surgeon  June  19, 
1 86 1,  and  ordered  to  the  steam-sloop  "  Kearsarge,"  a 
ship  which  will  always  be  celebrated  in  the  annals  of 
our  navy.  She  was  sent  on  "  special  duty"  to  the  Euro- 
pean waters  in  1861,  visiting  all  the  ports  of  the  British 
and  continental  littoral  where  she  was  likely  to  find  the 
Confederate  corsairs.  At  last,  when  in  command  of 
Commander  Winslow,  she  found  the  "  Alabama"  in  Cher- 
bourg. The  preparations  for  the  engagement  which  be- 
came necessary  were  like  those  for  a  battle  "  in  the  lists," 
and  when  the  hour  sounded  the  champions  came  forth. 
The  "  Kearsarge"  destroyed  the  "  Alabama"  in  one  hour 
and  two  minutes.  Special  trains  came  from  Paris  to 
witness  the  fight.  The  "  Kearsarge"  then  went  to  Brazil, 
to  look  for  the  "  Florida,"  which  was  supposed  to  be 
about  Fernando  Noronha.  Disappointed  in  the  search, 
she  returned  to  the  LTnited  States. 

After  some  temporary  duty,  Dr.  Browne  was,  in  April, 
1865,  ordered  back  to  the  scene  of  his  original  duty  in 
California,  where  he  superintended  the  building  of  the 
Naval  Hospital  at  Mare  Island,  and  was  in  charge  there 
for  nearly  ten  years,  with  the  exception  of  a  cruise  as  fleet- 
surgeon  of  the  Pacific  Squadron.  This  latter  post  he 
again  filled,  after  he  had  been  made  medical  inspector  in 
the  regular  course  of  promotion.  He  was  commissioned 
medical  director  October  6,  1878,  and  then  came  East 
again.  During  1880-82  he  served  as  president  of  the 
Medical  Examining  Board  at  Washington,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Board  of  Visitors  to  the  Naval  Academy 
in  1 88 1.  In  the  same  year  he  went  to  London,  England, 
as  the  naval  representative  at  the  International  Medical 
Congress  ;  was  a  member  of  the  National  Board  of  Health 
in  1883,  and  in  charge  of  the  Museum  of  Hygiene  at 
Washington  from  18S2  to  18S5.  During  that  time  he 
also  served  on  the  Board  of  Naval  Regulations.  In  18S4 
Medical  Director  Browne  was  naval  representative  at  the 
International  Medical  Congress  at  Copenhagen,  and  from 
[885  t<>  1 888  served  as  a  member  of  the  Naval  Retiring 
Board.  He  became  chief  of  Bureau  of  Medicine  and 
Surgery,  with  the  title  of  Surgeon-General  of  the  Navy, 
April,  1 888. 

Surgeon-General  Browne  is  said  to  wear  the  very  high- 
est  honors  of  the  Masonic  fraternity,  and  is  a  distinguished 
member  of  club  and  official  societv  in  Washington. 


WHO  SERJED  IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


59 


MEDICAL  INSPECTOR  GEORGE  R.  BRUSH,  U.S.N. 

Medical  Inspector  George  R.  Brush,  U.S.N.,  was 
born  at  Smithtown,  Suffolk  County,  Long  Island,  New- 
York,  on  the  third  day  of  November,  1836,  and  his 
early  youth  was  passed  upon  his  father's  farm  in  that 
town. 

When  at  the  proper  age  he  took  the  course  of  aca- 
demic study  at  the  well-known  Seminary  of  the  Meth- 
odist Episcopal  Conference  at  Pennington,  New  Jersey, 
then  under  the  mastership  of  the  Rev.  J.  Townley 
Crane,  D.D. 

Brush  then  entered  the  office  of  Lafayette  Ranney, 
M.D.,  of  the  city  of  New  York,  as  a  student  of  medicine. 
His  courses  of  lectures  were  taken  at  the  College  of 
Physicians  and  Surgeons  (now  the  medical  department 
of  Columbia  College),  and  in  due  course  he  was  gradu- 
ated from  that  institution  in  March,  1858. 

Soon  after  graduation  he  began  the  practice  of  his 
profession  at  the  village  of  Sayville,  of  the  town  of  Islip, 
in  Suffolk  County,  New  York,  which  place  has  continued 
to  be  his  usual  residence. 

The  breaking  out  of  the  Civil  War,  however,  altered  his 
plans,  and  drew  him,  as  well  as  so  many  thousand  others, 
into  embarking  upon  a  very  different  career  from  that 
which  they  had  contemplated. 

Accordingly,  on  the  2d  of  September,  1861, — having 
passed  the  required  examination  before  a  board  of  naval 
surgeons  at  the  Naval  Hospital  at  Brooklyn,  New  York, — 
he  was  appointed  an  assistant  surgeon  in  the  U.  S.  Navy 
by  the  Hon.  Gideon  Welles,  Secretary  of  the  Navy.  This 
appointment  was  confirmed  by  the  Senate  on  the  24th  of 
January  following,  and  his  commission  issued. 

During  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  he  served  on  board 
the  U.  S.  frigate  "  Potomac,"  of  the  West  Gulf  Block- 
ading Squadron,  and  on  board  the  U.  S.  receiving-ship 
"  North  Carolina,"  at  New  York, — a  position  of  great 
responsibility  for  a  medical  officer,  as  that  was  the  great 
naval  recruiting-point. 

Dr.  Brush  was  promoted  to  the  grade  of  passed  assist- 
ant surgeon  in  April,  1865,  and  to  that  of  surgeon  in 
February,  1872;  commissioned  as  medical  inspector  in 
November,  1889. 


His  service  at  sea,  which  aggregates  sixteen  years,  was 
made  on  the  Atlantic,  Pacific,  and  Asiatic  stations. 

While  attached  to  the  U.  S.  S.  "  Wateree,"  he  witnessed 
the  bombardment  of  Callao,  Peru,  by  the  Spanish  squad- 
ron, on  May  2,  1866;  was  attached  to  the  "  Saranac" 
when  she  was  wrecked  in  Seymour  Narrows,  British 
Columbia,  in  June,  1S75. 

His  latest  service  afloat  was  on  board  the  U.  S.  S. 
"  Omaha,"  bearing  the  flag  of  Rear-Admiral  George  E. 
Belknap,  on  the  Asiatic  station. 

His  shore  duty,  of  more  than  twelve  years,  has  been 
mostly  at  the  rendezvous  in  New  York,  and  on  board  the 
receiving-ship  at  the  same  place. 

It  has  included  service  at  the  U.  S.  naval  hospitals  at 
Norfolk,  Virginia,  and  at  Mare  Island,  California.  He 
has  also  been  stationed  at  the  U.  S.  Naval  Academy  at 
Annapolis,  and  at  the  U.  S.  Naval  Laboratory,  Brooklyn, 
New  York-. 

Dr.  Brush  is  a  son  of  Philetus  Smith  and  Dorothy  Ann 
Brush,  and  the  eighth  in  descent  from  Thomas  Brush, 
who  settled  at  Southold,  Long  Island,  about  1650.  His 
paternal  and  maternal  ancestors  served  as  commissioned 
officers  in  the  First  Regiment  of  Suffolk  County,  State  of 
New  York,  during  the  war  of  the  American  Revolution. 


6o 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NA  VY  (regular) 


REAR-ADMIRAL  ANDREW   BRYSON.  U.S.N. 

Rear-Admiral  Andrew  Bryson  was  born  in  New 
York  City,  July  25,  1822.  Was  appointed  a  midshipman 
from   New    York   December   1,   1837,  by   President  Van 

Buren,  his  father's  personal  friend,  and  made  his  first 
cruises  in  the  "<  hitario,"  "  Levant,"  and  "Constellation," 
West  India  Squadron,  until  1842,  when  he  was  ordered 
to  the  Naval  School  at  Philadelphia,  and  on  lune  29, 
1843,  promoted  to  passed  midshipman,  serving  on  the 
frigate  "  Macedonian"  and  sloop  "  Decatur"  on  the  coast 
of  Africa.  In  1845  he  served  on  the  "Michigan"  on 
the  great  lakes,  and  in  1849  "n  tne  "John  Adams." 
January  30,  1850,  he  was  promoted  to  "master,"  and 
was  executive  officer  on  the  store-ships  "Erie"  and 
"Relief."  Promoted  to  lieutenant  August  30,  1S51; 
he  was  transferred  to  the  brig  "  Bainbridge"  at  Monte- 
video, South  America,  September  2,  to  cruise  off  the 
coasts  ,,f  Brazil  and  Africa.  He  was  next  attached  to 
the  receiving-ship  "  (  >hio"  at  Boston,  and  in  1856  was  on 
the  "Saratoga."  On  this  cruise  the  steamers  "Gen.  Mira- 
mon"  and  "  Marquis  de  la  Habana"  were  captured  off 
the  Mexican  coast,  in  which  affair  Lieutenant  Bryson, 
commanding  the  "  Indianola,"  captured  the  former  after 
a  running  fight.  They  also  brought  from  San  Juan 
Walker's  filibustering  party.  In  1858  he  was  executive 
officer  of  the  "Preble,"  Paraguay  Expedition,  returning 
late  in  1860.  In  January,  r86l,  he  was  attached  to  the 
New  York  Yard,  actively  engaged  fitting  out  vessels 
until  October  10;  he  was  then  ordered  to  command  the 
"Chippewa"  one  of  the  "ninety-day"  gun-boats,  and  sent 
to  the  blockade,  taking  part  in  the  capture  of  Fort 
Macon  and  action  at  Stony  Inlet.  July  16,  1862,  he- 
was  commissioned  commander,  and,  September  2c;,  sent 
to  Europe  on  special  service,  returning  to  blockade  early 


in  1863.  The  "  Chippewa,"  under  his  command,  was  the 
first  gun-boat  of  the  class  to  cross  the  Atlantic.  June  23, 
1863,  he  was  detached,  and  August  4  ordered  to  com- 
mand the  monitor  "  Lehigh."  On  the  way  to  Charles! on, 
South  Carolina,  the  ship  was  nearly  lost  off  Ilatteras, 
seas  breaking  over  turret  and  pilot-house,  washing  away 
the  ship's  bell,  which  hung  six  and  a  half  feet  above  the 
deck.  On  April  4,  1864,  a  medical  survey  was  held 
without  his  request,  and  he  was  ordered  home  shattered 
in  health.  The  work  was  severe.  September  18,  1863, 
he  reported,  "  up  to  this  elate  the  15-inch  gun  has  been 
fired  forty-one  times,  the  8-inch  rifle  twenty-eight,  and 
the  ship  has  been  struck  thirty-six  times."  Again,  No- 
vember 4,  "engaged  for  the  past  nine  days,  in  company 
with  the  '  Patapsco'  ami  shore-batteries,  in  bombard- 
ment of  Port  Sumter,  during  which  time  I  have  thrown 
from  the  8-inch  rifle  four  hundred  and  eight  percussion- 
shells,  and  from  the  15-inch  smooth-bore  twenty-four." 
The  actions  were  almost  continuous;  and  his  conduct 
on  December  2,  1863,  when  he  was  slightly  wounded, 
the  ship,  being  aground  and  subjected  to  the  concentrated 
fire  from  nine  separate  batteries,  was  specially  com- 
mended. May  24,  1864,  he  was  again  on  duty  at  the 
New  York  Yard.  October  13  ordered  to  command  the 
"  Essex,"  Mississippi  fleet.  October  24  to  command  the 
seventh,  and  on  April  19,  1865,  the  eighth  division.  May 
5  fleet-captain,  and  August  19  detached.  April  6,  1866, 
to  March,  1868,  he  commanded  the  "Michigan."  On 
June  3,  1866,  he  captured  the  "Fenian"  raiders  on  their 
return  from  Canada,  and  on  July  25,  1866,  was  promoted 
to  captain.  1868-71  he  was  at  the  Boston  Yard,  in 
command  of  the  receiving-ship  "  ( )hio,"  and  on  Board 
duty.  September  19,  1 87 1,  to  July  28,  1873,  he  com- 
manded the  "  Brooklyn,"  European  squadron,  and  was 
commissioned  commodore  February  14,  1873.  Sep- 
tember 15,  1874,  to  Jul_\-  27,  1876,  he  commanded  the 
Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  Navy- Yard;  was  President 
of  the  Board  to  examine  the  class  of  1876  at  Annapolis, 
and  engaged  on  Hoard  and  other  duty  to  1879.  Sep- 
tember 8,  1879,  to  Inly  25,  1881,  he  commanded  the 
South  Atlantic  station,  flag-ship  "  Shenandoah,"  and  was 
promoted  March  25,  1880,  to  rear-admiral.  On  January 
30,  1883,  he  was  retired  at  his  own  request,  and  spent  the 
remainder  of  his  days  quietly  at  his  home  in  the  city  of 
Washington. 

"In  all  his  long  record  there  is  not  a  blemish  against 
his  high  character  and  honor,  and  he  was  greatly  beloved 
by  his  fellow-officers.  He  was  a  man  of  a  retiring  dis- 
position, excessively  modest,  but  one  of  the  best  informed 
men  of  the  navy."  lie  was  of  Scotch  ancestry,  and  his 
father,  the  late  David  Bryson,  was  prominent  in  New- 
York  City  affairs.  Died  in  Washington,  D.C.,  February 
7,  1892- 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


6 1 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  HORACE   BLOIS  BURNHAM 
(retired). 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Horace  Blois  Burnham  was 
born  in  Columbia  County,  New  York,  September  10, 
1S24.  He  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Wilkesbarre, 
Pennsylvania,  August  12,  1844,  and  practised  law  in  the 
courts  of  that  State  until  1 861.  He  commenced  the  or- 
ganization of  a  three-years'  regiment  of  volunteers  July 
26,  1 S6 1,  and  entered  the  volunteer  service  as  lieutenant- 
colonel  ofthe  Sixty-seventh  Pennsylvania  Infantry, October 
31,1  861.  He  took  station  at  Annapolis,  Man-land,  April 
3,  1862,  and  accompanied  the  regiment  to  Harper's  Ferry, 
Virginia,  in  February,  1863,  and  in  April  of  the  same 
year  was  stationed  at  Berryville,  Virginia,  from  whence 
he  joined  the  forces  at  Maryland  Heights  June  16,  and 
escorted  stores,  ordnance,  etc.,  from  Harper's  Ferry  to 
Washington  City. 

Colonel  Burnham  joined  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
with  his  regiment  in  the  following  July,  and  participated 
in  all  its  actions  and  campaigns  during  that  year.  He 
took  part  against  the  attack  by  General  Early  June  10; 
joined  Milroy's  forces  and  engaged  in  the  affair  at  Ope- 
quan  River,  Virginia,  and  participated  in  the  battle  of 
Winchester,  Virginia,  during  the  12th,  13th,  and  14th  of 
June,  1S63.  He  was  on  temporary  duty  in  New  York- 
City  during  the  draft  riots,  and  was  ordered  to  Wash- 
ington, D.  C,  December  26,  [863,  as  judge-advocate  of 
a  general  court-martial. 

Colonel  Burnham  was  honorably  mustered  out  of  the 
line,  October  31,  1864,  to  accept  the  position  of  a  major 
and  judge-advocate  from  that  date,  when  he  was  de- 
tailed as  judge-advocate  of  general  courts-martial  under 
orders  of  the  War  Department  until  1866,  when  he 
was  placed  on  duty  in  the  Bureau  of  Military  Justice 
until  April  18,  1867,  when  he  was  assigned  as  chief 
judge-advocate  ofthe  First  Military  District,  Richmond, 
Virginia,  and  continued  so  engaged  until  June,  1870; 
he  was  additionally  assigned  as  judge  of  the  Hustings 
Court,  Richmond,  Virginia,  September  11,  1867,  and 
was  relieved  and  appointed  one  of  the  judges  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  Appeals  of  Virginia  June  9,  1869, 
and  elected  president  thereof;  performed  such  duty 
until  relieved  June  1,  1870;  June  3,  1870,  he  was  as- 
signed to  the  Department  of  the  South  ;  April  24,  1872, 
additionally  assigned  to  temporary  duty  in  the  Depart- 
ment of  Texas  ;  from  this  he  was  relieved  November  2, 
1 872,  and  assigned  to  duty  in  the  Department  ofthe  Platte, 


and  judge-advocate,  head-quarters,  Department  of  the 
Platte,  Omaha,  Nebraska;  he  was  relieved  from  duty 
September  10,  1S86,  and  assigned  to  duty  in  the  Depart- 
ment of  California  and  Military  Division  of  the  Pacific, 
San  Francisco,  California,  until  retirement. 

Colonel  Burnham  was  transferred  to  the  permanent 
establishment  of  the  U.  S.  Army  February  25,  1867,  and 
received  the  brevets  of  lieutenant-colonel  and  colonel  of 
volunteers  March  13,  1865,  "for  faithful  and  meritorious 
services  during  the  war."  Upon  being  relieved  from  duty 
in  the  Department  ofthe  Platte,  September  1,  1886,  Gen- 
eral Crook,  department  commander,  in  General  Orders 
No.  11,  Head-quarters  Department  ofthe  Platte,  I.  1S86, 
said  :  "  The  department  commander  takes  this  occasion 
to  express  his  appreciation  of  Colonel  Burnham's  con- 
scientious fidelity  to  his  duties  during  his  long  term  of 
service  in  this  department"  (nearly  fourteen  years).  In 
anticipation  of  his  retirement,  General  Howard,  the  divi- 
sion commander,  directed  the  following  communication  : 
"The  division  commander  desires  to  express  to  you  his 
esteem  and  his  thanks  for  the  faithful  and  zealous  manner 
in  which  you  have  performed  the  duties  of  judge-advocate 
of  this  division  and  of  the  department  of  California.  You 
will  carry  with  you  the  best  wishes  of  the  staff  officers 
for  your  welfare  and  happiness." 

He  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel  and  deputy  judge- 
advocate-general  Jul)-  5,  1884,  and  was  retired  from  active 
service  by  operation  of  law,  September  10,  1888;  and 
since  retirement  has  occupied  his  farm,  "  Aspen  Shade," 
near  Richmond,  in  Henrico  County,  Virginia. 


62 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD  NAVY  ^regular) 


AMBROSE  E.  BURNSIDB  (deceased). 

Ambrose  E.  Burnside  (deceased)  was  bom  in  Indiana, 
and  graduated  from  the  Military  Academy  July  I,  1847. 
I  Ie  was  promoted  brevet  second  lieutenant  Second  Artil- 
lery the  same  day,  and  second  lieutenant  of  the  Third 
Artillery  September  8,  1847.  He  served  in  the  City  of 
Mexico  during  the  winter  of  1 847-48,  and  when  peace 
had  been  established  with  that  republic  he  was  stationed 
at  boit  Adams,  Rhode  Island,  from  which  point  he  was 
ordered  to  Las  Vegas,  New  Mexico,  and  was  engaged 
in  a  skirmish  there  with  Jacarillo  .Apache  Indians, 
August  23,  1849,  in  which  he  was  wounded.  During 
the  years  1850-5  I  he  was  at  Jefferson  Barracks,  Missouri ; 
he  was  with  the  .Mexican  Boundary  Commission  from 
April,  1851,  to  March  16,  1852. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  December  12,  1851, 
and  was  at  Fort  Adams  in  1852-53,  and  resigned 
(  Ictober  2,  1S53. 

After  leaving  the  army  he  became  a  manufacturer  of 
fire-arms  at  Bristol,  Rhode  Island,  from  [853  to  [858. 
I  le  was  major-general  of  Rhode  Island  militia  in  1855-57. 
He  invented  the  Burnside  breech-loading  rifle  in  1856, 
and  was  member  of  the  Board  of  Visitors  to  the  Military 
Academy  the  same  year.  He  was  cashier  of  the  Land 
Department  of  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad  Company  in 
1858-59,  and  treasurer  of  the  same  railroad  in  1860-61. 

At  the  commencement  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion 
he  was  appointed  colonel  of  Rhode  Island  \rolunteers 
Ma}-  2,  1 86 1,  and  served  in  defence  of  Washington  in 
Patterson's  operations  about  Cumberland,  Maryland,  and 
participated  in  the  Manassas  campaign,  being  engaged  in 
the  first  battle  of  Hull  Run,  July  21,  1861.  He  was 
mustered  out  of  service  August  2,  1861. 

On  the  6th  of  August,  1861,  he  was  appointed  brig- 
adier-general of  volunteers,  and  served  in  command  of 


Provisional  Brigade  near  Washington,  and  was  then 
employed  in  organizing  a  Coast  Division  at  Annapolis, 
Maryland,  to  January  8,  1862. 

General  Burnside  was  then  placed  in  command  of  the 
Department  of  North  Carolina,  and  was  engaged  in  the 
battle  and  capture  of  Roanoke  Island  ;  attack  of  New- 
Berne,  North  Carolina  ;  attack  on  Camden  and  bombard- 
ment of  Fort  Macon,  resulting  in  its  capture  April  26, 
1862.  For  these  affairs  he  received  a  sword  of  honor 
from  the  State  of  Rhode  Island,  in  testimony  of  his  ser- 
vices at  Roanoke  Island. 

He  was  appointed  major-general  of  volunteers  March 
18,  1862,  and  from  July  6  to  September  4,  1862,  he  was 
in  command  of  the  reinforcements  to  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  concentrated  at  Newport  News,  Virginia,  and 
subsequently  at  Fredericksburg,  constituting  the  Ninth 
Army  Corps.  General  Burnside  participated  in  the  Mary- 
land campaign,  in  command  of  the  right  wing  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  of  the  Ninth  Corps,  and  was 
engaged  in  the  battles  of  South  Mountain  and  Antietam. 
Afterwards  he  had  general  charge  of  Harper's  Ferry, 
Virginia,  ami  Second  and  Twelfth  Corps,  until  November 
10,  1862,  and  on  this  date,  while  marching  towards  Fal- 
mouth, he  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac,  relieving  General  McClellan.  He 
commanded  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  in  the  battle 
of  Fredericksburg,  December  11— 13,  1S62,  and  in 
March,  1863,  was  relieved  and  ordered  to  the  West, 
where  he  commanded  the  Department  of  the  Ohio. 
He  participated  in  the  capture  of  Cumberland  Gap 
and  occupation  of  East  Tennessee,  and  was  engaged 
in  the  actions  of  Blue  Springs  and  Lenoir,  combat  of 
Campbell's  Station,  and  siege  of  Knoxville.  He  was 
engaged  in  recruiting  the  Ninth  Army  Corps  from 
January  12  to  April  13,  1864,  and  then  commanded 
that  corps  in  the  Richmond  campaign  with  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac,  being  engaged  in  the  battles  of  the  Wilder- 
ness, Spottsylvania,  North  Anna,  Tolopotomy,  Bethesda 
Church,  and  siege  of  Petersburg,  including  the  Mine 
assault  Jul\-  30,  1864.  He  was  then  on  leave  of  absence 
and  waiting  orders  to  April  15,  1865,  when  he  resigned 
his  commission. 

In  1864  General  Burnside  received  the  thanks  of  Con- 
gress for  "  gallantry,  good  conduct,  and  soldier-like 
endurance"  in  North  Carolina  and  Fast  Tennessee. 

After  leaving  the  service,  General  Burnside  was  direct'  >r 
of  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad  Company  and  in  the 
Narragansett  Steamship  Company  ;  president  of  the 
Cincinnati  and  Martinsville  Railroad  Company  ;  of  Rhode 
Island  Locomotive  Works  at  Providence ;  and  of  the 
Indianapolis  and  Vincennes  Railroad  Company.  lie  was 
also  governor  and  captain-general  of  Rhode  Island  and 
Providence  Plantations.  He  was  also  U.S.  senator  from 
that  State,  and  died  September  13,  1881. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


63 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  ANDREW  SHERIDAN  BURT, 

U.S.A. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Andrew  Sheridan  Burt  (Sev- 
enth Infantry)  was  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  Nov.  21,  1839. 

In  April,  1K61,  he  volunteered  in  the  Sixth  Ohio  In- 
fantry, and  Jul}-,  the  same  year,  he  accepted  a  first  lieu- 
tenancy in  the  Eighteenth  United  States  Infantry.  The 
command  was  attached  that  fall  to  the  Third  Brigade, 
First  Division,  of  the  Army  of  Ohio,  Colonel  Robert  L. 
McCook  and  Brigadier-General  George  LI.  Thomas 
commanding  respectively. 

Lieutenant  Burt  was  detailed  as  aide-de-camp  on  the 
brigade  staff.  At  the  battle  of  Mill  Springs  he  was 
wounded,  and  was  brevetted  for  gallant  services;  he  was 
appointed  additional  aide-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  Gen- 
eral Halleck  and  assigned  to  serve  with  Colonel  McCook. 
The  same  year  he  was  made  assistant  adjutant-general 
of  the  brigade,  and  continued  as  such  until  Colonel 
Mi  Cook's  death. 

In  January,  [863,  he  reported  to  General  Rosecrans, 
commanding  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  and  by  him 
was  assigned  to  the  inspector-general's  department  of  his 
staff,  serving  so  through  Hoover's  Gap  and  Tullahoma 
campaigns,  advance  beyond  Chattanooga,  and  in  the  bat- 
tle of  Chickamauga.  He  was  commended  in  reports  by 
the  commanding  general  for  services  in  these  campaigns 
and  battle  of  Chickamauga.  Captain  Burt  was  specially 
mentioned  for  gallant  service  in  that  battle  by  Major- 
General  Alexander  McCook,  commanding  the  corps. 
In  the  fall  of  1883,  at  his  own  request,  he  relinquished 
his  staff  appointment  and  took  command  of  his  Company 
F,  First  Battalion,  Eighteenth  Infantry.  He  commanded 
that  company  in  the  charge  on  Missionary  Ridge.  Gen- 
eral Palmer,  on  the  Ridge,  thanked  the  company. 

Captain  Burt  commanded  his  Company  F,  Eighteenth 
Infantry,  part  of  the  Regular  Brigade  of  the  Fourteenth 
Army  Corps,  in  the  Atlanta  campaign,  and  was  in  all 
the  actions  participated  in  by  his  regiment  from  Buzzard's 
Roost  to  Jonesboro',  and  received  the  personal  thanks  of 
the  detachment  commander  for  gallant  services  in  the  last 
battle.  He  was  mentioned  in  reports  for  services  in  the 
Atlanta  campaign  by  the  detachment  commander  as  well 
as  by  General  Thomas.  He  was  brevetted  major  1864, 
for  gallant  services  in  Atlanta  campaign  and  at  the  battle 
of  Jonesboro'.  Major  Burt  marched,  in  [866,  with  his 
company,  from  Fort  Leavenworth  to  Fort  Bridger. 

In  the  fall  of  1877,  while  in  command  of  a  detachment 
of  recruits  en  route  to  Fort  McKinney,  he  was  attacked 
by  Indians  under  Red  Cloud,  at  Crazy  Woman's  Fork, 
and  the  Indians  were  beaten  off. 

While  in  command  of  Fort  C.  F.  Smith,  Montana,  in 
1868,  he  had  two  successful  skirmishes  with  hostile 
Indians.  From  1865  until  1878  Major  Burt,  in  command 
of  his  company,  was   nearly  every  year  changing  sta- 


tions or  on  expeditions  with  .ill  the  difficulties  of  march- 
ing on  the  frontier  in  the  hostile  Indian  days. 

He  was  on  Stanley's  Yellowstone  I^xpeclition  in  1873; 
with  Colonel  Dodge's  command  as  escort  to  the  Jenney 
expedition  to  the  Black  Hills  in  1875;  General  Crook's 
expedition,  1876,  and  commanded  a  battalion  of  two  com- 
panies in  the  attack'  by  Indians  on  the  command  camped 
on  Powder  Ri\  er. 

At  the  battle  of  the  Rosebud,  General  Crook  having 
ordered  the  withdrawal  of  Colonel  Royal's  battalion  of 
cavalry  from  a  certain  position  on  the  field,  the  retreat 
became  a  rout  under  the  Indians' hand-to-hand  assault. 
Major  Burt,  with  his  company,  and  that  of  Major  Bur- 
rows, was  detailed  "  to  stop  those  Indians,"  which  the  two 
companies  did,  and  the  hard-pressed  cavalry  battalion  was 
rescued  from  a  precarious  position.  At  "  Slim  Buttes," 
same  campaign,  Major  Burt  commanded  a  battalion  in 
the  repulse  of  an  Indian  attack'.  In  1S77  Major  Burt, 
with  his  company,  was  part  of  General  John  King's  com- 
mand, sent  to  Chicago  during  the  riots.  In  1X79  his 
company  was  especially  selected  to  proceed  to  Hastings, 
Nebraska,  to  protect  Judge  Gaslin  in  holding  court  against 
the  possible  interference  <  if  In  istile  cowboys,  some  of  their 
members  being  tried  at  the  time  for  an  atrocious  murder. 
The  major  and  his  company  received  public  thanks  and 
commendation  of  Judge  Gaslin  and  the  officials  for  the 
manner  in  which  the  duty  on  this  occasion  was  performed. 

While  in  command  at  Fort  Bidwell,  California,  in  1885, 
the  citizens  of  that  region,  in  a  series  of  published  reso- 
lutions, thanked  Major  Burt  for  his  successful  efforts  in 
preventing  an  Indian  outbreak'. 

He  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Seventh 
Infantry,  January  1,  1888. 

Colonel  Burt  is  the  author  of  \V.  F.  Cody's  (Buffalo 
Bill)  most  successful  play,  "  May  Cody,  or  Lost  and 
Won." 


f>4 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARM)    AND   NAVY  {regular) 


PAY    INSPECTOR    ARTHUR   BURTIS.  U.S.N. 

Pay  Inspector  Arthur  Burtis,  U.S.N.,  was  born  in 
New  York,  and  appointed  assistant  paymaster  from  that 
State  by  Mr.  Lincoln  in  1862,  in  accordance  with  the 
request  of  the  Honorable  Hamilton  Fish  and  Senator 
Preston  King.  These  gentlemen  had  been  classmates  of 
Assistant  Paymaster  Burtis's  father, — a  clergyman  who 
was  for  man_\-  years  a  resilient  of  Buffalo.  His  great- 
grandfather and  great-great-grandfather  both  served  in 
the  Revolutionary  War;  the  older  being  at  the  time 
sixty-four,  and  his  sun  twenty-two  years  of  age. 

His  first  orders  were  to  duty  under  Admiral  Farragut 
in  the  "Sagamore,"  but  on  the  way  there  in' the  supply 
steamer  "  Rhode  Island"  contracted  yellow  fever,  and 
he  was  sent  north.  lie  was  then,  upon  recovering  his 
health,  ordered  to  the  "  Connecticut,"  employed  in  con- 
voying the  California  steamers  through  the  Carribean 
Sea,  rendered  necessary  by  the  fact  that  the  "  Alabama" 
had  recently  overhauled  the  "  Ariel,"  with  mails  and  pas- 
sengers. The  "  Connecticut,"  of  the  North  Atlantic 
Blockading  Squadron,  was  next  on  the  blockade,  captur- 
ing four  noted  blockade-runners,  all  with  valuable  car- 
goes. She  also  caused  the  destruction  of  four  more,  in 
the  course  of  which  duty  she  was  engaged  with  Fort 
Fisher. 

From  1864  to  [866  Paymaster  Burtis  was  attached 
to  the  "  Muscoota,"  of  the  Gulf  Squadron,  and  had  the 
yellow  fever  a  second  time  on  board  that  vessel,  off  the 


Rio  Grande,  in  1866.     The  only  medical  officer  died,  and 

the  vessel  went  to  Pensacola,  where  she  received  a  sur- 
geon and  other  officers  necessary  to  take  the  ship  north. 
She  proceeded  to  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  where 
the  ship's  company  were  landed  and  placed  in  quarantine. 

While  undergoing  this  unpleasant  experience  in  the 
"  Muscoota,"  he  was  promoted  to  paymaster  May  4,  1  8( i(  >. 

From  1867  to  1S69  he  was  stationed  at  League  Island. 
From  1870  to  1873  was  attached  to  the  "Brooklyn," 
which  ship  brought  the  body  of  Admiral  Farragut  from 
Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  to  New  York,  and  then 
went  for  a  cruise  in  European  waters.  In  1S71  he  was 
appointed  fleet-paymaster. 

Upon  his  return  home,  after  service  at  the  Bureau  of 
Provisions  and  Clothing,  Navy  Department,  1873,  he- 
became  inspector  of  provisions  and  clothing  at  the  navy- 
yard,  Philadelphia,  from  1  S74  to  1  S77.  Most  of  the  time 
he  had  the  additional  duty  of  paymaster  of  the  receiving- 
ship  "  St.  Louis."  In  1 878  he  was  a  member  of  the  Board 
(il  Examiners,  lie  was  again  ordered  to  League  Island, 
but  after  about  a  year's  service  there  went  to  the  prac- 
tice-ship "  Constellation"  for  her  summer  cruise  with  the 
cadets  of  the  Naval  Academy.  After  this  he  was  for 
some  time  inspector  of  flour,  etc.,  for  the  navy,  at  New 
York.  From  1S83  to  1886  he  was  attached  to  the 
"  Galena,"  of  the  North  Atlantic  Squadron.  The  "  Ga- 
lena" was  at  Aspinwall  in  the  spring  of  1885.  During 
the  rebellion  on  the  Isthmus,  and  when  that  city  was 
burned,  the  officers  and  crew  of  the  ship  prevented  much 
destruction  of  property  and  loss  of  life.  The  "Galena'' 
also  captured  at  St.  Andrew's  Island  filibustering  steamer 
"  City  of  Mexico"  in  February,  1886.  From  June,  [866, 
to  May,  1889,  was  the  paymaster  of  the  navy-yard,  New 
York.  He  next  went  to  the  "  Vermont,"  receiving-ship 
at  New  York,  and  in  January,  1890,  was  ordered  as  fleet- 
paymaster  of  the  Pacific  Squadron  in  the  flag-ship 
"  Charleston."  The  "  Charleston"  brought  King  Kala- 
kau  from  the  Sandwich  Islands  to  California  and  took 
his  remains  back  to  Honolulu  in  January,  1891.  From 
the"  Charleston"  he  was  transferred  to  the  flag-ship  "  San 
Francisco,"  31st  March,  1891.  The  "San  Francisco" 
was  in  Chili  during  the  revolution  in  1891,  and  was  in 
Valparaiso  when  Balmaceda's  army  was  defeated  and  the 
Congressional  forces  captured  that  city  August  2X,  1891. 
Was  promoted  to  pay  inspector  21st  September,  [89]  ; 
was  detached  from  the  flag-ship  "  San  Francisco"  30th 
January,  [892.  lie  is  at  present  general  storekeeper  at 
the  navy-yard,  Norfolk,  Virginia. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


65 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  EDMOND  BUTLER,  U.S.A. 
(retired). 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Edmond  Butler  (retired)  was 
born  in  Ireland  March  19,  1827.  He  was  appointed 
second  lieutenant  Fifth  Infantry  at  the  outbreak  of  the 
war,  and  detailed  to  accompany  General  Baird  (after- 
wards inspector-general)  in  inspection  of  Kansas  and 
Missouri  troops.  In  1862,  remustering  and  consoli- 
dating Kansas  volunteers,  and  officially  complimented 
by  General  Hunter  for  settling,  without  resort  to  force, 
"  difficult  and  delicate"  matters  affecting  Kansas  troops. 
He  was  in  New  Mexico  in  1862,  and  Texas  1864,  and 
rebuilt  Fort  Bliss  after  reoccupation.  Having  been 
promoted  captain,  1864,  in  1S65  he  commanded  an  ex- 
pedition against  the  Navajos,  inflicting  severe  loss  on 
them.  In  September,  1865,  he  received  the  formal  sur- 
render of  Manoelito  Grande,  and  sent  two  thousand 
prisoners  to  the  Reservation.  He  was  recommended  for 
brevet  for  gallantry  and  success.  In  letters  from  his  I 
head-quarters,  November  16  and  17,  1865,  General  Carle-  ] 
ton  wrote,  "  To  Captain  Edmond  Butler  I  owe  many 
thanks."  "To  the  efficiency  and  straightforward  course 
and  the  energy  and  good  sense  of  Captain  B.  I  owe  a 
great  deal  of  the  luck  I  get  credit  for  as  a  commander." 

In  June,  1868,  Captain  Butler  was  ordered  in  attend- 
ance on  General  Sherman,  and  in  December,  with  a  small 
infantry  force,  he  exhumed  the  bodies  of  the  killed  in  the 
Forsyth  affair,  on  the  Arickaree  Fork,  under  fire  of 
main  body  of  Sioux  under  Two  Strike,  and  extricated 
his  small  force  from  a  perilous  position.  In  1869,  in  the 
Indian  operations  on  the  Smoky  Hill,  with  two  soldiers 
he  narrowly  escaped  capture.  He  volunteered  for  expe- 
dition against  the  Pawnees  under  General  Woods,  and 
commanded  expedition  after  General  Woods  was  dis- 
abled by  illness.  In  1874  he  served  through  the  ex- 
pedition against  the  Kiowas  and  Comanches,  under 
General  Miles. 

In  September,  1876,  Captain  Butler  cut  a  road  through 
the  Bad  Lands  north  of  the  Yellowstone.  In  the  cam- 
paign against  Sitting  Bull  he  commanded  the  centre  at 
Cedar  Creek,  and  in  subsequent  pursuit.  He  was  shot  at 
by  Gall  while  relieving  an  outpost.  He  participated  in 
campaign  against  the  confederated  Sioux  and  Cheyennes 
under  Crazy  Horse,  and  on  January  8,  1877,  led  a 
charge  against  the  Indians  fortified  on  a  high  peak  of 
the  Wolf  Mountains,  and  massing  in  rear  of  Miles's  posi- 
tion. In  his  report  General  Miles  said,  "Captain  But- 
ler's horse  was  shot  under  him  while  gallantly  leading  a 
successful  charge  on  the  extreme  left."  He  recom- 
mended Captain  Butler  for  brevet,  "  for  conspicuous 
gallantry  in  leading  his  command  in  a  successful  charge 
against  superior  numbers  of  hostile  Indians  strongly 
posted."  This  recommendation  was  approved  by  Gen- 
9 


erals  Sherman,  Sheridan,  and  Terry.  At  the  close  of 
the  campaign  General  Miles  wrote  Captain  Butler  as 
follows :  "  In  leaving  the  regiment,  be  assured  you  have 
the  thanks  and  good-will  of  its  commanding  officer  for 
your  hard  service  in  the  field  and  fortitude  in  action." 

Nothing  in  his  service,  however,  touched  him  so 
deeply  as  a  letter  signed  by  every  enlisted  man  of  his 
company  who  was  in  the  charge,  thanking  him  "  for  the 
gallant  manner  in  which  he  led  the  charge  on  the  8th  of 
January,  in  which  they  had  the  honor  of  participating, 
and  for  the  kindness  he  had  shown  them  in  so  many 
different  ways  heretofore." 

Captain  Butler  was  promoted  major  in  1885.  He  com- 
manded Fort  Townsend,  Washington.  Commanded 
Bellevue  Rifle  Range  three  consecutive  years;  marks- 
man, 1883,  1884,  1885.  Sharpshooter  marksman,  1888. 
He  was  recorder  of  Board  of  Visitors  to  School  of 
Application  in  1887,  and  was  in  Pine  Ridge  campaign, 
1890-91,  commanding  troops  in  night  march  from  Rush- 
ville,  Nebraska,  to  the  Agency,  and  his  regiment  during 
the  campaign.  At  its  close  he  received  a  copy  of  a  letter 
to  General  Brooke,  in  which  the  Secretary  of  War  and 
the  General  of  the  Army  express  a  hope  "  that  some 
opportunity  may  be  presented  for  the  promotion  of  this 
most  deserving  officer."  He  was  promoted  lieutenant- 
colonel  in  March,  1892. 

Upon  retirement  from  active  service  in  March,  1891, 
after  examination  by  the  Bar  Committee  for  the  Seventh 
Judicial  District  of  Montana,  he  was  admitted  to  the  Bar 
of  that  State. 

Colonel  Butler  is  the  author  of  an  "  Essay  on  the 
Indian  Question,"  honorably  mentioned  by  the  Board 
of  Award  of  the  Military  Service  Institution  for  1880. 
After  the  fall  of  Sumter  he  wrote  a  series  of  articles  in 
French  for  Parisian  and  Brussels  papers,  presenting  the 
Union  side  of  the  question  to  Continental  Europe. 


66 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


MAJOR  JOHN  G.  BUTLER. 

Major  John  G.  Butler  (Ordnance  Department)  was 
born  in  Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania,  January  23,  1842,  and 
graduated  from  the  Military  Academy  June  11,  1863. 
He  was  then  promoted  second  lieutenant  of  the  Fourth 
Artillery,  but  transferred  to  the  Ordnance  Department 
January  29,  1864.  He  served  during  the  war  of  the 
Rebellion,  in  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  from  August, 
1863,  to  January,  I  864,  participating  in  the  campaign  of 
that  army,  and  engaged  at  the  battle  of  Chickamauga, 
for  which  he  received  the  following  complimentary 
notice,  in  the  report  of  first  lieutenant  F.  L.  D.  Russell, 
Fourth  Artillery:  "Lieutenant  Butler,  the  only  officer 
with  me,  distinguished  himself  by  his  cool  and  gallant 
conduct  and  rendered  me  the  most  essential  service." 
He  was  brevetted  first  lieutenant  for  "  gallant  and  meri- 
torious services  in  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,"  Sep- 
tember 20,  1863. 

Lieutenant  Butler  was  then  stationed  at  Chattanooga, 
Tennessee,  and  Bridgeport,  Alabama,  until  he  was  or- 
dered on  recruiting  duty  in  January  1864,  which  duty 
he,  by  permission,  declined.  lie  was  then  ordered  to 
appear  at  Washington,  for  examination  for  transfer  to 
the  Ordnance  Department,  and  upon  being  transferred 
was  stationed  at  Frankford  Arsenal,  Pennsylvania,  as 
assistant  ordnance  officer,  from  February  1  to  December 
1  1,  1864,  being  detached  May  19  to  July  I,  to  arm  and 
equip    New    Jersey    troops.       He    sailed,    under    sealed 


orders,  November,  1S64,  in  charge  of  ordnance  stores 
and  material,  to  anticipate  the  arrival  of  General  Sher- 
man's army  on  the  Atlantic  coast. 

After  performing  this  duty,  Lieutenant  Butler  was 
detailed  as  assistant  to  the  inspector  of  ordnance  in 
New  York,  Boston,  Philadelphia,  West  Point,  and  Read- 
ing, to  January,  1867,  and  assistant  constructor  of  ord- 
nance at  Scott  Foundry,  Reading,  Pennsylvania,  to  June, 
[867.  In  the  mean  time  he  was  promoted  first  lieuten- 
ant, to  date  from  March  7,  1867.  Upon  being  relieved  at 
Reading,  he  was  ordered  as  assistant  at  Fort  Leavenworth 
Arsenal,  Kansas,  where  he  remained  until  May,  1870. 
lie  was  then  placed  on  detached  duty  in  Philadelphia 
until  the  following  September,  when  he  was  ordered  to 
Fort  Monroe  Arsenal,  Virginia,  as  assistant.  From 
May  to  September,  1873,  the  lieutenant  was  on  detached 
duty  at  the  U.  S.  Ordnance  Agency,  New  York,  then 
assistant  to  the  constructor  of  ordnance  to  April  22, 
1876,  in  the  mean  time  having  been  promoted  captain 
June  23,  1874. 

In  May,  1876,  captain  Butler  was  ordered  as  assistant 
at  Watervliet  Arsenal,  New  York,  and  in  May,  1880, 
transferred  to  Watertown  Arsenal,  Massachusetts,  as 
assistant.  On  the  5th  of  April,  1883,  his  station  was 
changed  to  Rock  Island  Arsenal,  as  assistant,  and  in 
September,  1886,  to  the  National  Armory  at  Spring- 
field, Massachusetts ;  then  to  the  St.  Louis  Powder 
Depot,  in  January,  1S88,  and  subsequently  to  the  com- 
mand of  the  Augusta  Arsenal,  Georgia,  his  present 
station. 

He  was  promoted  major  of  ordnance  September  15, 
1890. 

Major  Butler  is  the  son  of  John  B.  Butler,  major  and 
paymaster  in  Mexican  War,  on  staff  of  General  Taylor, 
and  later  in  Ordnance  Department,  U.S.A.,  and  grandson 
of  John  Butler,  whose  military  records  for  three  genera- 
tions extend  back  through  the  four  great  wars  in  which 
the  country  has  been  engaged, — the  war  of  the  Revolu- 
tion, the  War  of  18 12,  the  Mexican  War,  and  the  war 
of  the  Seceding  States,  1861-65.  Major  Butler  is  the 
author  of  "  Projectiles  and  Rifled  Cannon,"  and  of  vari- 
ous articles  and  publications  upon  the  subjects  of  ord- 
nance, the  national  defence,  etc.  He  is  also  the  inventor 
of  the  "  Butler  projectile,"  in  use  with  rifled  guns  for  the 
past  ten  or  twelve  years,  ami  in  the  proof  of  both  breech- 
and  muzzle-loading  guns  adopted  in  U.  S.  service. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


67 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL   RICHARD    N.  BATCHELDER. 

Brigadier-General  Richard  N.  Batchelder  (quar- 
termaster-general, U.S.A.)  was  born  in  New  Hampshire 
July  27,  1832.  At  the  outbreak  of  the  Rebellion  he  en- 
listed in  the  First  New  Hampshire  Regiment,  and  was 
appointed  regimental  quartermaster  April  30,  1861.  In 
fifteen  days  after  his  appointment  he  had  the  regiment 
uniformed,  armed,  and  equipped,  and  field-transportation 
provided  for  baggage,  tents,  and  supplies.  It  was  this 
comprehensive  grasp  of  details  and  this  energy  of  execu- 
tion which  early  brought  him  to  the  attention  of  field- 
commanders,  and  secured  for  him  rapid  promotion  until  he 
became  chief  quartermaster  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
which  position  he  filled  with  great  credit  to  himself  dur- 
ing the  closing  year  of  the  war.  No  officer  of  the  Quar- 
termaster's Corps  was  complimented  with  more  brevet 
rank,  and  few  officers  of  the  line  or  staff  received  higher 
encomiums  in  official  reports.  He  was  appointed  captain 
and  assistant  quartermaster  and  assigned  to  duty  as  chief 
quartermaster,  Corps  of  Observation,  in  August,  1861.  He 
was  made  chief  quartermaster.  Second  Division,  Second 
Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  March,  1862;  lieutenant- 
colonel  and  chief  quartermaster,  Second  Corps,  January, 
1863  ;  acting  chief  quartermaster,  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
June,  1 864  ;  and  colonel  and  chief  quartermaster,  Army  of 
the  Potomac,  August,  1864.  He  was  brevetted  major, 
lieutenant-colonel,  and  brigadier-general  of  volunteers, 
and  major,  lieutenant-colonel,  and  colonel,  United  States 
Army,  for  faithful  and  meritorious  service  during  the  war. 

It  was  as  chief  quartermaster  of  the  Army  of  the  Poto- 
mac, however,  that  his  great  powers  were  fullest  displayed, 
having  charge  of  the  immense  baggage-trains  of  that  great 
force,  the  duties  of  which  position  would  have  crushed 
the  ordinary  mind  ;  yet  he  handled  this  great  train  of  five 
thousand  wagons  and  thirty  thousand  horses  and  mules 
on  the  campaign  from  the  Rapidan  to  the  James  with 
a  magical  control.  Some  distinguished  officer  has  said 
"  that  a  man  who  can  successfully  handle  the  supply-trains 
of  an  army  is  capable  of  commanding  that  army." 

In  his  "  History  of  the  Second  Corps,"  General  Francis 
A.  Walker  says,  "  Colonel  Batchelder  was  one  of  the  best, 
if  not  himself  the  very  best,  contribution  made  by  the 
volunteer  force  to  the  supply  department  of  the  army. 
His  subsequent  promotion  to  be  chief  quartermaster  of 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac  and  his  present  high  position  in 
the  regular  army  are  evidence  of  the  manner  in  which  his 
duties  with  the  Second  Corps  were  discharged.  However 
exacting  the  demands  of  the  infantry  or  the  artillery,  of  the 
commissariat  or  the  hospital  service,  they  were  always  met, 
and  met  so  easily  that  it  seemed  the  simplest  thing  in  the 


world  to  be  done.  It  was  impossible  that  the  roads  could 
become  so  bad  as  to  keep  the  Second  Corps  trains  back. 
No  matter  how  the  troops  were  marched  about, — by  day 
or  by  night,  in  advance  or  in  retreat, — the  inevitable  six- 
mule  wagon  was  always  closebehind.  .  .  .  The  service  ren- 
dered to  the  troops  by  this  sagacious  and  efficient  officer 
could  hardly  be  over-estimated."  "  It  is  with  officers  of 
such  qualifications  that  it  is  desirable  we  should  fill  up 
the  standing  army,"  wrote  Grant,  when  he  recommended 
Batchelder  for  appointment  in  the  regular  army.  Said 
the  gallant  Hancock :  "  I  consider  him  (Batchelder)  the 
most  efficient  officer  of  the  department  in  the  volunteer 
service."  Said  General  Meade :  "  General  Batchelder's 
services  for  the  two  years  I  commanded  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  are  well  known  to  me.  He  not  only  managed 
his  important  department  with  great  judgment  and  skill, 
but  rendered  me  essential  service  on  the  battle-field  as 
a  staff-officer,  showing  high  personal  gallantry  in  the 
immediate  presence  of  the  enemy."  "  No  officer,"  says 
Howard,  "  with  whom  I  have  had  the  fortune  to  serve 
ever  had,  at  all  times,  my  more  complete  confidence." 
"  He  has  not  a  superior  in  ability  and  experience.  Much 
of  the  success  of  my  department  is  due  to  his  untiring 
intelligence  and  faithful  service.  ...  He  merits  the  high 
commendation  awarded  him  by  all  his  superiors,"  was 
the  opinion  of  General  Ingalls,  who  was  Batchelder's 
superior  officer  in  the  Quartermaster's  Corps.  "  He  is 
one  of  the  most  intelligent  and  able  officers  of  the  Quar- 
termaster's Department.  I  greatly  relied  upon  his  ability 
and  zeal,  and  was  never  disappointed,"  wrote  Quarter- 
master-General Meigs. 


68 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN   LESTER  A.  BEARDSLER,   U.S.N. 

Captain  Lester  A.  Beardslee  was  born  in  Little 
Falls,  New  York,  February  I,  1836.  Appointed  acting 
midshipman  March  5,  1850;  sloop  "Plymouth,"  East 
Indies,  May,  1851,  to  January,  1855;  participated  in 
one  battle  and  several  skirmishes  with  Chinese  army 
at  Shanghai;  Naval  Academy,  October,  1855,  to  June, 
1856. 

Promoted  to  passed  midshipman  June  20,  1S56;  steam- 
frigate"  Merrimac,"  special  service,  1856-57  ;  sloop  "  Ger- 
mantown,"  East  India  Squadron,  1857-60.  Promoted 
to  master  January  22,  1858.  Promoted  to  lieutenant 
July  23,  1859  ;  sloop  "  Saratoga,"  coast  of  Africa,  1S60-63. 
Promoted  to  lieutenant-commander  July  16,  1862;  mon- 


itor "  Nantucket,"  North  Atlantic  Squadron,  January  to 
May,  1S63;  participated  in  attack  of  the  iron-clad  fleet 
on  the  defences  of  Charleston  Harbor,  April  7,  1863; 
steam-sloop  "  Wachusett,"  special  service,  on  coast  of 
Brazil,  cruising  for  rebel  privateers,  ( )ctober,  1863,  to  Jan- 
uary, 1 865  ;  participated  in  capture  of  rebel  steamer 
"Florida"  at  Bahia,  by  "Wachusett,"  October,  1864; 
commanded  prize  steamer  "  Florida,"  from  October,  1864, 
and  brought  her  to  Hampton  Roads,  Virginia;  steam- 
sloop  "  Connecticut,"  special  service,  West  Indies,  1865  ; 
commanded  steam-gun-boat  "Aroostook,"  1S67-68, 
taking  her  to  East  India  Squadron  from  Philadelphia ; 
commanded  steamer  "  Saginaw,"  Pacific  Squadron,  Octo- 
ber, 1868;  executive  of  steam-sloop  "  Lackawanna,"  Pa- 
cific Squadron,  1868-69. 

Commissioned  as  commander  June  12,  1869;  Hydro- 
graphic  Office,  Navy  Department,  1869-70;  steamer 
"  Palos,"  April,  1870,  to  January,  1871  ;  took  her  to  East 
Indies;  Hydrographic  ( )ffice,  January,  1871-72;  Navy- 
Yard,  Washington,  May,  1872,  to  April  I,  1875;  mem- 
ber of  United  States  Board  for  testing  iron,  steel,  and 
other  metals,  April,  1875,  to  April,  1879;  commanding 
sloop  "Jamestown,"  Alaska,  April,  1879,  to  October, 
1880. 

Promoted  to  captain  November,  1880;  leave  of  ab- 
sence, 18S2-83;  commanding  receiving-ship  "Frank- 
lin," 1SS3-84;  commanding  steam-frigate  "Powhatan," 
June,  1884,  to  June,  1886;  Torpedo  Station,  1887;  wait- 
ing orders,  18S8;  commanding  receiving-ship  "Ver- 
mont," July,  1SS8-91. 

November  9,  1891,  assumed  command  of  Naval  Sta- 
tion, Port  Royal,  South  Carolina;  and  at  this  date — 
June,  1  S92 — he  remains  in  command  at  Port  Royal. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


69 


CAPTAIN  JOHN   H.   CALEF. 

Captain  John  H.  Calef  (Second  Artillery)  was  born 
at  Gloucester,  Massachusetts,  September  24,  1841.  He 
is  the  great-grandson  of  Colonel  Jeduthan  Baldwin,  of 
the  Revolutionary  army,  first  colonel  of  engineers  of  the 
U.  S.  Army;  also,  a  great-grandson  of  Colonel  John  H. 
Calef,  of  Kingston,  New  Hampshire,  an  officer  of  the 
Revolutionary  army. 

Captain  Calef  graduated  at  the  V.  S.  Military  Academy 
June  17,  1862,  and  was  promoted  second  lieutenant  of 
the  Fifth  Artillery  the  same  day.  He  was  transferred  to 
the  Second  Artillery  October  6,  1S62,  and  served  in  the 
field  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  He  participated  in 
the  Peninsula  campaign,  and  was  engaged  in  the  action 
of  Malvern  Hill  August  5,  1862;  in  the  Northern  Vir- 
ginia campaign,  and  engaged  in  the  battle  of  second  Bull 
Run  August  29,30,  [862;  in  the  Maryland  campaign, 
and  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Antietam  September  17, 
1862;  skirmish  at  Sharpsburg  September  19,  1862,  and 
march  to  Falmouth,  Virginia  ;  in  the  Rappahannock  cam- 
paign and  engaged  in  Stoncman's  raid  towards  Rich- 
mond;  in  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville  May  2-4,  1863, 
and  several  skirmishes;  in  the  Pennsylvania  campaign, 
in  command  of  his  batten1,  and  engaged  in  the  skirmish 
of  Upperville,  Virginia,  June  21-22,  1863  ;  battle  of  Get- 
tysburg, Pennsylvania,  Jul)-  1-4,  [863,  and  skirmishes  at 
Williamsport,  July  6,  Boonesboro,  Maryland,  July  8-9, 
and  Funkstown,  Maryland,  July  10,  1863  ;  and  in  pur- 
suit of  the  enemy  to  Warrenton,  Virginia;  in  the  Rap- 
idan  campaign  and  engaged  in  several  skirmishes  Sep- 
tember, 1863,  and  wounded  September  15  at  Raccoon 
Ford. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  of  the  Second  Artil- 
lery November  4,  1863,  and  was  on  leave  of  absence  from 
February  14  to  April,  1864,  when  he  rejoined  in  the  field 
and  participated  in  the  Richmond  campaign,  being  en- 
gaged in  the  battle  of  Cold  Harbor  June  I,  1864;  skir- 
mished at  Bottom  Bridge  June  3-4,  1864;  battle  of 
Trevilian  Station  June  11-12,  1864,  and  action  of  St. 
Mary's  Church  June  24,  1864.  He  was  then  on  sick 
leave  until  the  following  September;  but  rejoining  in 
the  field,  participated  in  the  Richmond  campaign  and 
was  engaged  in  the  siege  of  Petersburg  ;  combat  of  Boyd- 
ton  Plank  Road  October  27,  1864;  destruction  of  Stony 


Creek  Station  December  I,  1864,  and  skirmish  at  Belle- 
field  1  )ecember  9,  1864. 

Lieutenant  Calef  was  appointed  adjutant  of  the  Second 
Artillery  November  6,  1864,  and,  after  a  short  leave  of 
absence,  was  with  regimental  head-quarters  at  Fort 
Mcllenry  to  July,  1865,  when  the  regiment  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  Pacific  coast. 

He  was  brevetted  captain  July  6,  1864,  for  "  gallant 
and  good  conduct  in  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  and  in  the 
campaign  from  the  Rapidan  to  Petersburg,  Virginia;" 
and  major  March  13,  1865,  "for  good  conduct  and  gal- 
lant services  during  the  Rebellion." 

Lieutenant  Calef  served  on  the  Pacific  coast  from 
1865  to  1872.  lie  was  judge-advocate  of  a  "travelling 
general  court-martial"  in  1868-69,  making  the  tour  of 
Arizona.  His  regiment  being  transferred  to  the  Atlan- 
tic coast  in  1872,  he  was  on  duty  at  Fort  McHenry, 
Maryland,  to  May,  1875,  when  he  was  ordered  to  the 
Artillery  School  at  Fort  Monroe,  Virginia,  remaining 
there  until  April  8,  1888,  during  which  time  he  was 
instructor  in  the  "  Art  of  War"  and  "  Tactics,"  and 
compiled  a  work  on  "  Military  Policy  and  History  of 
Ancient  and  Modern  Armies,"  and  one  on  "  Description 
and  Service  of  Machine-Guns." 

He  was  promoted  captain  of  the  Second  Artillery 
March  16,  1875,  and  is  at  present  on  duty  in  command 
of  Fort  Schuyler,  New  York. 


7° 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  A  XT'   NAVY  [regular) 


CAPTAIN  1).   F.  CALLINAN  (retired). 

Captain  D.  F.  Callinan  (retired)  was  born  in  county 
Kerry,  Ireland,  July  24,  1839.  ''e  carne  to  the  United 
States  when  a  boy.  Enlisted  in  Company  E,  First  In- 
fantry, September  5,  1S60.  Served  at  Forts  Arbuckle 
a\m\  Washita,  Indian  Territory.  Left  Indian  Territory 
for  Kansas  May  1,  [861,  the  command  consisting  of  six 
companies,  —  First  (now  Fourth)  Cavalry  and  five  com- 
panies First  Infantry, — under  command  of  Major  Emmy. 
During  the  first  day's  march  were  followed  by  Texan 
troops.  When  camp  was  reached  line  of  battle  was 
formed,  Company  E,  First  Infantry,  as  artillery;  the 
cavalry  were  sent  out  and,  without  filing  a  shot,  made 
the  Texans  prisoners.  Next  morning  they  were  given 
hack  their  arms  ami  released,  Arrived  at  Fort  Leaven- 
worth May  31. 

In  June  assisted  in  the  capture  of  a  company  of  rebels 
at  Liberty,  Missouri,  who  were  a  few  hours  afterwards 
given  back  their  arms  (shot-guns  and  squirrel-rifles)  and 
released.  The  command  returned  to  Leavenworth,  re- 
maining a  few  1  lays  at  Kansas  City.  He  was  appointed 
corporal  August  1,  1861,  and  quartermaster-sergeant 
of  post  on  September  15  ;  appointed  first  sergeant  in 
January,  1862,  and  scouted  through  Missouri  in  1862. 
lie  was  stationed  at  Fort  Scott,  Kansas,  during  the 
winter,  and  returned  to  Fort  Leavenworth  in  February, 
[863;  resigned  the  position  of  first  sergeant,  and  was 
appointed  sergeant-major  of  post.  He  joined  his  regi- 
ment in  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee,  operating  against 
Vicksburg  ;  was  acting  sergeant-major  of  battalion  for 
about    two   weeks  ;    asked  a  volunteer   officer  who   sat 


beside  him  one  day  what  he  thought  of  Vicksburg,  etc.  ; 
the  officer  said  he  did  not  know,  and  inquired  the  ser- 
geant's opinion.  The  sergeant  said  if  Grant  was  the  man 
they  said  he  was,  they  would  have  it  by  the  Fourth  of 
July  anyhow.  After  the  officer  left,  the  men  informed 
him  that  it  was  General  Grant  to  whom  he  was  talking. 
A  few  days  after  this  he  was  placed  in  command  of  a 
siege-gun  within  a  short  distance  of  Fort  Hill,  and 
remained  in  command  until  the  surrender. 

In  August,  1863,  he  was  appointed  first  lieutenant  of 
colored  troops,  and  reported  to  Brigadier-General  J.  P. 
Hawkins  as  aide-de-camp.  October  2  he  received  the 
appointment  of  second  lieutenant  First  Infantry,  and  was 
appointed  commissary  of  musters,  acting  assistant  adju- 
tant-general, acting  inspector-general,  and  acting  ordnance 
i  ifficer.  He  was  relieved  at  his  own  request  in  May,  1 864, 
and  joined  his  regiment  in  New  Orleans,  and  promoted 
first  lieutenant  in  1S66.  He  was  almost  constantly  in 
command  of  companies  until  November,  1867,  when  he 
was  appointed  commandant  of  the  New  Orleans  military 
prison.  He  turned  the  building  over  to  the  civil  author- 
ities in  August,  1868,  and  again  took  command  of  his 
company.  He  was  quartermaster  and  commissary  at 
Fort  Brady,  Michigan,  from  July,  1869,  to  October,  1871, 
the  last  six  months  being  also  post-adjutant.  He  was 
in  command  of  about  one  hundred  recruits  at  Fort 
Wayne,  Michigan,  from  January  to  May,  1874;  post 
quartermaster  and  commissary  of  Fort  Sully,  1  )akota, 
from  July,  1874,10  July,  1875  ;  commanding  detachment 
of  recruits  at  Fort  Randall  during  the  winter  of  1876-77; 
in  Chicago  during  labor  riots.  In  November,  sent  to 
New  Spotted  Tail  Agency,  to  superintend  construction 
of  barracks  ;  on  leave  of  absence  for  four  months,  from 
September,  1878;  promoted  captain  Jul)-  1,  1879,  and 
stationed  at  Forts  Sully  and  Meade  from  July,  1879,  to 
May,  1880;  employed  with  company  in  building  road  at 
mouth  of  Pecos  River  from  December,  1SS0,  to  March, 
1881  ;  building  road  into  pinery,  near  Fort  Davis,  Texas, 
December,  1 881,  and  January,  1SS2  ;  took  part  in  Apache 
campaign  in  Arizona  and  New  Mexico  in  1882;  on  gen- 
eral recruiting  from  October,  1SX4,  to  October,  1886;  on 
leave  for  four  months  ;  in  command  of  Angel  Island 
March  and  April,  1888;  in  summer  camp  at  Santa  Bar- 
bara ;  in  command  of  Angel  Island  January  to  March, 
[889  ;  member  of  board  to  locate  quarantine  station  ;  in 
summer  camp  at  Monterey  and  Santa  Cruz,  California  ; 
on  sick  leave  for  six  months  from  January,  1890;  took 
part  in  Sioux  campaign,  1890-91  ;  on  sick  leave  for  two 
months  from  January,  1 891;  in  command  of  company 
from  April  to  October  29,  1 891.    Retired  October  22,  [891. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


/i 


COLONEL  JOHN  CAMPBELL  (retired). 

Colonel  John  Campbell  (retired)  entered  the  United 
States  service  as  an  acting  assistant  surgeon  June  II, 
1X47,  and  arrived  at  Vera  Cruz,  Mexico,  July  20  follow- 
ing, when  he  was  placed  on  duty  at  the  Castle  of  San 
Juan  d'Ulloa,  from  which  duty  he  was  relieved  in  October, 
and  ordered  to  the  command  of  Major-General  Patterson. 
He  arrived  in  the  City  of  Mexico  December  7,  1847,  and 
on  the  13th  of  the  same  month  was  appointed  assistant 
surgeon  U.  S.  Army.  He  was  afterwards  transferred 
to  Tacubaya.  He  returned  to  Albany,  New  York,  in 
July,  1848,  and  was  ordered  to  New  Orleans,  where  he- 
reported  October  24,  1848,  and  was  then  directed  to  pro- 
ceed to  San  Antonio,  Texas,  where  he  remained,  dointr 
duty  at  various  points,  until  the  early  part  of  1850,  when 
he  was  directed  to  proceed  to  California  via  the  Isthmus 
of  Panama.  He  arrived  at  Monterey,  California,  after  a 
voyage  of  sixty-five  days  from  Panama,  and  was  subse- 
quently stationed  at  Benicia  and  Sonoma. 

In  Ma>-,  1 85  1,  Dr.  Campbell  was  detailed  to  accom- 
pany the  escort  to  the  Indian  Commissioner,  and  in  Jul)' 
arrived  at  Camp  Bidwell,  California,  returning  to  Sonoma 
in  September  following.  In  October,  1851,  he  was 
ordered  with  two  troops  of  the  first  Dragoons  on  an 
expedition  to  Port  Orford,  Oregon,  and  was  engaged  in 
a  skirmish  with  Indians  on  the  Coquilla  River.  He  re- 
turned to  Benicia  December  12,  185  1.  After  serving  at 
various  other  stations,  and  having  had  six  months'  leave 
of  absence,  he  was  ordered  to  report  to  the  head-quarters 
of  the  army  at  New  York  City,  from  Albany,  New  York, 
September  28,  1854,  and  was  stationed  successively  at 
Fort  Wood,  West  Point,  Carlisle  Barracks,  Fort  Craw- 
ford, Minnesota,  Fort  Ridgely,  Minnesota,  and  was  then 
assigned  to  duty  with  a  battalion  of  the  Second  Infantry, 
August  22,  1856,  on  the  march  to  the  Missouri  River, 
where  they  arrived,  opposite  Fort  Pierre,  September  23 
of  that  year.  On  the  6th  of  November  he  was  directed 
to  proceed  to  Fort  Leavenworth,  and  there  received 
a  leave  of  absence,  rejoining  for  duty  at  West  Point 
June  1,  1857. 

At  the  commencement  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion, 
Dr.  Campbell  was  on  duty  at  Plattsburg  Barracks,  New 
York,  and  on  the  29th  of  January,  1861,  accompanied 
the  two  companies  stationed  there  to  Baltimore,  Mary- 
land. On  the  2 1st  of  July,  1862,  he  arrived  at  New  York 
from  Pensacola,  Florida,  and  was  stationed  in  and  about 
that  city  until  August,  1863,  when  the  Board  for  Retire- 


ment of  Officers,  of  which  Dr.  Campbell  was  a  member, 
was  transferred  to  Wilmington,  Delaware. 

On  the  1st  of  October,  1863,  he  was  transferred  to 
Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  as  medical  director  of  the 
Department  of  the  Susquehanna,  which  he  retained  until 
October  28,  1 865,  when  he  was  detailed  as  attending 
surgeon-in-charge  of  invalid  officers.  He  continued  on 
this  duty  to  November  23,  1865,  when  he  was  ordered  to 
Augusta,  Georgia,  as  medical  director  of  the  Department 
of  Georgia.  On  the  26th  of  June,  1866,  he  was  transferred 
to  Madison  Barracks,  New  York,  remaining  there  until 
November  25,  1867,  when  assigned  to  duty  at  Fort  Trum- 
bull, Connecticut. 

In  1870  he  was  ordered  to  the  Department  of  Dakota, 
and  assigned  to  duty  temporarily  as  medical  director,  but 
subsequently  ordered  to  duty  at  Fort  Randall,  Dakota, 
where  he  remained  until  1872,  when  his  station  was 
changed  to  Fort  Adams,  Rhode  Island.  In  1S78  he  was 
ordered  to  Atlanta,  Georgia,  as  medical  director  of  the 
Department  of  the  South.  In  1880  he  was  at  Newport 
Barracks,  Kentucky,  and  remained  on  duty  there  until 
1883,  when  he  was  ordered  to  New  York  City,  where  he- 
was  attending  surgeon  until  retired  from  active  service 
September  16,  1885. 

Dr.  Campbell  was  promoted  captain  and  assistant  sur- 
geon December  13,  1852;  major  and  surgeon  May  21, 
1861  ;  lieutenant-colonel  and  surgeon  November  8,  1877  ; 
and  colonel  and  surgeon  December  7,  1884. 


72 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AXD  NAVY  (regular) 


BRIGADIER-  AND  BREVET  MAJOR-GENERAL  EDWARD 
R.  S.  CANBY  (deceased). 

Brigadier-  and  Brevet  Major-General  Edward  R. 
S.  Canby  was  born  in  Kentucky  and  graduated  from  the 
U.  S.  Military  Academy  in  the  class  of  1839.  He  was 
promoted  upon  graduation  as  second  lieutenant.  Second 
Infantry,  July  1,  1839.  During  part  of  the  Florida  War 
(1839-42)  he  was  on  duty  as  quartermaster;  1840-42, 
assisted  in  conducting  the  emigrating  Indians  to  Arkan- 
sas, after  which  he  performed  garrison  duty  at  Fort 
Niagara,  New  York,  to  1845,  and  was  in  recruiting  ser- 
vice from  1845  to  1846.  From  March  24,  1  S46,  to  March 
3,  1847,  he  was  adjutant  of  the  Second  Infantry,  and 
while  serving  in  this  capacity  was  promoted  first  lieuten- 
ant Second  Infantry,  June  18,  1  S46. 

He  was  brevetted  captain  of  staff  and  served  as 
assistant  adjutant-general  from  March  3,  1847,  to  March 
3,  1855.  During  the  war  with  Mexico,  1846-48,  he  was 
engaged  in  the  siege  of  Vera  Cruz,  March  9-29,  1847; 
and  participated  in  the  battles  of  Cerro  Gordo  April  17-18, 
1847;  Contreras,  August  19-20,  1847,  and  Cherubusco, 
August  20,  1847;  and  was  brevetted  major  "  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  conduct  in  the  battles  of  Contreras  and 
Cherubusco,  Mexico."  He  participated  in  the  assault 
and  capture  of  the  City  of  Mexico  September  13-14,  1847, 
and  was  "brevetted  lieutenant-colonel  September  13, 
1S47,  for  gallant  conduct  at  the  Belen  Gate  of  the  City 
of  Mexico." 

During  1847  and  184.X  he  was  assistant  adjutant-gen- 
eral of  General  Riley's  brigade,  and  from  February  2~, 
1 S49,  to  February  22,  1851,  he  served  in  the  same 
capacity  to  the  Pacific  Division.  On  February  22,  1851, 
he  was  ordered  to  Washington,  D.  C,  for  duty  in  the 
adjutant-general's  office,  and  remained  on  duty  there  until 
March  3,  1 S55,  on  which  date  he  was  promoted  major 
Tenth  Infantry. 


While  on  duty  in  the  adjutant-general's  office  he  made 
a  tour  of  inspection  of  the  posts  on  the  Arkansas  and 
Red  Rivers  in  Florida,  and  on  the  Gulf  coast  east  of  the 
Mississippi  River,  November  30,  1S53,  to  July  15,  1854. 
He  performed  the  usual  garrison  duties  at  Carlisle  bar- 
racks, Pennsylvania,  1855,  and  frontier  duty  at  the  posts 
of  Fort  Crawford,  Wisconsin,  1855-56;  Fort  Snelling, 
Minnesota,  1856-57;  and  at  Fort  Garland,  New  Mexico, 
i860.  He  accompanied  the  Utah  expedition,  1857-60, 
and  commanded  the  Navajo  expedition  in  1860-61. 

He  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel  Nineteenth  In- 
fantry May  14,  1 86 1,  and  was  in  command  of  the  Depart- 
ment of  New  Mexico  from  June  2^,,  1861,  to  September 
18,  1862.  During  January  and  February,  1862,  he  was 
engaged  in  the  defence  of  Fort  Craig,  New  Mexico,  and 
participated  in  the  combat  of  Valverde,  February  21, 
1S62,  and  action  of  Pualta,  April  15,  1862. 

On  March  31,  1S62,  he  was  commissioned  brigadier- 
general  U.  S.  Volunteers  and  was  placed  in  command  of 
the  draft  rendezvous  at  Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania,  March 
7,  1862,  to  January  15,  1863  ;  detailed  on  special  duty  in 
the  War  Department  until  May  7,  1864,  and  then  took 
command  of  the  city  and  harbor  of  New  York,  to  sup- 
press draft  riots. 

He  was  promoted  major-general  U.  S.  Volunteers  May 
7,  1864. 

He  was  in  command  of  the  Military  Division  of  West 
Mississippi  May  16,  1864,  to  June  3,  1865,  and  while  on 
a  tour  of  inspection  was  severely  wounded  by  rebel  gue- 
rillas on  White  River,  Arkansas,  November  4,  1864;  and 
in  command  of  the  forces  in  the  Mobile  campaign,  March 
to  May,  1865,  which  resulted  in  the  capture  of  Spanish 
Fort  April  8,  and  of  Blakely  April  9,  1865.  On  March 
13,  1865,  he  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  U.  S.  Army 
for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of  Val- 
verde, New  Mexico.  On  April  12,  1865,  he  occupied 
Mobile,  Alabama  ;  and  Montgomery,  Alabama,  on  April 
2j,  1865;  ami  on  March  13,  1865,  he  was  brevetted 
major-general  U.  S.  Army  for  gallant  and  meritorious  ser- 
vices in  the  capture  of  Fort  Blakely  and  Mobile,  Ala- 
bama. 

The  rebel  arm)'  under  Lieutenant- General  R.  Taylor 
surrendered  to  him  April  4,  and  also  the  rebel  forces  in 
the  Trans-Mississippi  Department,  under  General  E.  K. 
Smith,  May  26,  1S65. 

Promoted  brigadier-general  U.  S.  Army  July  28,  1866. 
He  was  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service  Septem- 
ber 1,  1866. 

General  Canby  twice  received  the  thanks  of  the  Presi- 
dent for  his  services. 

General  Canby  was  in  command  of  the  Department 
of  the  Columbia,  and  took  command  of  an  expedition 
against  the  Modoc  Indians  in  1873,  by  whom  he  was 
basely  murdered  on  the  nth  of  April  of  that  year. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


73 


COLONEL  CALEB  H.  CARLTON. 

Colonel  Caleb  II.  Carlton  (Eighth  Cavalry)  was 
born  in  Ohio  September  I,  1836,  and  was  graduated  from 
the  Military  Academy  in  the  Class  of  '59.  He  was  pro- 
moted brevet  second  lieutenant  of  the  Seventh  Infantry 
July  1,  1859,  anc'  second  lieutenant  of  the  Fourth  In- 
fantry October  12,  1859.  He  served  at  Newport  Bar- 
racks, Kentucky,  until  April,  i860,  and  was  ordered  to 
Jefferson  Barracks,  to  participate  in  Blake's  expedition 
from  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  to  Fort  Vancouver,  via  the 
head-waters  of  the  Missouri  River  and  Military  Road, 
which  occupied  him  until  the  following  October.  He 
was  then  stationed  at  Fort  Hoskins,  the  Presidio,  and 
San  Bernardino,  California,  to  October,  1861,  when  he 
was  ordered  East  with  his  regiment.  He  was  promoted 
first  lieutenant  May  14,  [861,  and  captain  June  30,  [862. 

Colonel  Carlton  was  on  provost  duty  with  his  regiment 
in  the  city  of  Washington  until  March,  1862,  when  he 
took  the  field  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  partici- 
pating in  the  Peninsula  campaign,  and  engaged  in  the 
siege  of  Yorktown,  battles  of  Gaines'  Mill,  Malvern  Hill, 
second  Bull  Run,  and  Antietam.  He  was  then  detailed 
on  recruiting  service  to  February,  1863,  and  then  on 
mustering  duty  at  Washington  to  June,  1K63.  He 
received  the  appointment  of  colonel  of  the  Eighty-ninth 
Ohio  Infantry  July  7,  1863,  and  participated  in  the 
campaign  of  that  year  with  the  Western  arm)-,  being 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  Kenesaw  Moun- 
tain, and  siege  of  Atlanta  in   [864. 

He  was  made  prisoner  of  war  September  20,  1863, 
and  held  by  the  enemy  to  March  7,  1864.  After  par- 
ticipating in  the  Atlanta  campaign,  he  was  placed  in 
command  of  the  post  of  Chattanooga,  Tennessee,  from 
October  17,  1864,  to  Ma)'  13,  [865,  and  was  then  com- 
manding the  Western  District  of  Kentucky  to  June  23, 
1865,  when  he  was  honorably  mustered  out  of  the 
volunteer  service. 

Colonel  Carlton  then  joined  his  regiment  in  the  regular 
service,  and  commanded  the  Fourth  Infantry  at  Fort 
Wood,  New  York,  from  July  2^  to  September  28,  1865, 
when  his  regiment  was  ordered  to  the  Lakes,  and  he  took 
station  at  Fort  Ontario,  New  York. 

He  was  brevetted  major  Jul)-  4,  1S62,  for  "  gallant  and 
meritorious  services  during  the  Peninsula  campaign," 
and  lieutenant-colonel  September  20,  1863,  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of  Chickamauga. 

In  March,  1867, Colonel  Carlton's  regiment  was  ordered 
to  the  Plains,  and  he  served  respectively  in  camp  at 
Omaha,  and  in   garrison  at   Forts   Laramie  and    Fetter- 


\ 


man  until  March  23,  1869,  when  he  became  unassigned. 

He  was  then  detailed  as  professor  of  military  science 
at  Miami  University,  <  )hio,  and  remained  on  that  duty 
to  October,  1  87  1 ,  he  having  in  the  mean  time  been  assigned 
as  captain  of  the  Tenth  Cavalry  December  15,  1870. 
He  was  on  leave  in  Europe  from  November,  1S72,  to 
June,  1873.  He  joined  at  Fort  Sill,  and  was  in  the  field 
in  the  Kiowa  ,md  Comanche  expeditions  from  June, 
1 S73,  to  March,  1875,  and  then  was  ordered  to  Texas, 
taking  station  at  Fort  McKavett,  from  which  post  he 
took  the  field,  from  April  17,  1875,  to  July  11,  1876. 
lie  was  promoted  major  of  the  Third  Cavalry  May  17, 
1876,  and  was  in  the  field,  and  on  the  Cheyenne  expe- 
dition in  Dakota  and  Nebraska,  from  June  to  December 
21,  187S,  again  in  the  field  from  October  8  to  December, 
1879,  and  again  in  June,  1880.  He  was  on  sick  leave 
from  |ulv  S,  1SS0,  to  June,  iNSi.when  he  was  appointed 
inspector  of  national  cemeteries  to  April,  1882.  He 
was  again  on  leave  to  November,  1882,  when  he  joined 
his  regiment  in  Arizona,  and  marched  with  it  to  Texas 
in  the  spring  of  1SS5,  where  he  remained  until  Sep- 
tember, 1886,  and  was  at  Forts  Davis  and  Elliott  until 
July  25,  1887.  He  then  marched  with  a  battalion  of 
the  Third  Cavalry  to  Fort  Brown,  Texas,  a  distance  of 
one  thousand  miles,  arriving  there  October  20,  1SS7. 

Colonel  Carlton  was  promoted  lieutenant  -  colonel 
Seventh  Cavalry  April  11,  1889,  and  ordered  to  Fort 
Sill,  Indian  Territory,  September  5,  remaining  at  that 
station  until  promoted  colonel  of  the  Eighth  Cavalry, 
with  head-quarters  at  Fort  Meade,  North  Dakota.  He 
is  at  present  nil  leave  of  absence  in  California. 


74 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


PAYMASTER   JOHN   RANDOLPH   CARMODY,   U.S.N. 

Paymaster  John  Randolph  Carmody  was  born  at 
Mohawk,  New  York,  June  9,  1843.  In  July,  1862,  the 
subject  of  this  sketch  enlisted  in  the  navy,  and  served 
as  paymaster's  writer  and  clerk  in  the  James  and  York- 
Rivers,  being  present  at  many  skirmishes  and  reconnois- 
sances.  As  soon  as  he  attained  his  majority  he  was  ap- 
pointed an  acting  assistant  paymaster.  He  served  in  the 
"  Cincinnati,"  on  the  Mississippi,  under  Admiral  Porter, 
and  was  present  at  the  operations  on  the  Cumberland  and 
Tennessee  Rivers  which  resulted  in  the  defeat  of  the  Con- 
federate army  under  Hood.  During  these  operations  he 
was  employed  in  volunteer  reconnoissance  service  on 
shore,  which  he  performed  so  satisfactorily  as  to  elicit 
a  letter  of  special  commendation  from  his  commanding 
officer. 

Paymaster  Carmody  participated  in  the  siege  and  cap- 
ture of  Mobile  in  the  spring  of  1865,  and  was  present 
at  the  surrender  of  the  rebel  naval  forces  on  the  Tombig- 
bee  River  at  the  close  of  the  war.  He  continued  to  serve 
in  the  West  Gulf  Squadron  until  July,  [866,  when,  in 
recognition  of  his  good  war  record,  he  was  appointed  an 
assistant  paymaster  in  the  regular  navy.  During  the 
next  two  years  he  was  again  in  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  while 
we  were  watching  the  events  connected  with  Maximilian's 
assumption  of  the  imperial  crown  under  the  auspices  and 
with  the  support  of  Louis  Napoleon. 

Mr.  Carmody  was  made  passed  assistant  paymaster  in 
[868,  and  again  went  to  Southern  waters  in  the  "  Yantic," 
which  vessel  was  for  nearly  a  year  constantly  employed 
about  Hayti,  protecting  American  interests  during  a 
bloody  revolution.  The  ship  was  then  disabled  by  the 
serious  outbreak  of  yellow  fevur,  which  carried  off  many 


of  the  officers  and  crew.  Paymaster  Carmody  survived 
an  attack  of  the  disease,  but  never  fully  recovered  his 
health. 

After  the  Franco-Prussian  War,  when  Congress  au- 
thorized the  conveyance  to  France  in  government  ves- 
sels of  contributions  to  aid  the  distressed  people  of  that 
country,  Paymaster  Carmody  was  sent  upon  that  busi- 
ness in  the  store-ship  "  Relief." 

On  returning  from  this  duty  he  was  stationed  at  New 
London  and  at  New  Orleans  as  disbursing  officer.  He 
was  then  ordered  to  the  "  Monocacy,"  on  the  China  and 
Japan  station,  where  he  remained  two  years.  From  [877 
to  [879  he  was  in  charge  of  the  naval  depot  at  Honolulu, 
Sandwich  Islands,  during  which  time  he  was  promoted 
to  be  paymaster,  with  rank  of  lieutenant-commander. 
He  was  next  attached  to  the  receiving-ship  "  Indepen- 
dence," at  the  navy-yard,  Marc  Island,  California,  for 
three  years. 

In  1883  the  Naval  Mutual  Aid  Association  selected 
Paymaster  Carmody  as  their  secretary  and  treasurer. 
The  Navy  Department  assigned  him  to  that  duty,  and 
he  spent  three  years  in  managing  its  affairs  and  building 
up  the  association,  to  the  expressed  satisfaction  of  its 
members. 

Having,  in  1886,  volunteered  for  duty  in  the  "  Vanda- 
lia,"  fitting  out  for  the  Pacific,  he  was  ready  to  sail  when 
he  was  detached  and  ordered  to  special  duty  as  assistant 
to  the  paymaster-general  of  the  navy.  He  was  specially 
employed  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy  in  the  work  of 
bringing  about  the  consolidation  of  the  accounts  of  naval 
stores  and  the  introduction  of  economic  and  business 
methods  in  the  purchase  and  care  of  supplies.  For  this 
service  he  received  a  most  complimentary  letter  from  the 
paymaster-general. 

Close  confinement  to  office-work  brought  a  renewal  of 
ill  health,  and,  in  hope  of  improvement,  he  applied  for  sea- 
duty.  Again  he  went,  in  the  steam-corvette  "  Galena," 
to  the  Home  Station  and  the  West  Indies  until  exposure 
to  tropical  climate  brought  on  a  recurrence  of  disease, 
and  he  was  invalided  home  in  1888.  In  the  following 
April,  at  his  own  request,  he  was  placed  upon  the  retired 
list,  under  the  category,  "  through  physical  incapacity 
resulting  from  long  and  faithful  service." 

Since  that  period  he  has  employed  himself  in  journal- 
istic writing,  and  has,  beside,  become  actively  identified 
with  the  financial  circles  of  the  capital  city.  Among  the 
moneyed  institutions  of  Washington,  he  was  one  of  the 
organizers  ami  directors  of  the  West  End  National  Bank, 
and  is  the  treasurer  and  a  director  of  the  largest  financial 
institution  in  that  city, — the  Washington  Loan  and  Trust 
Company;  also  member  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of 
the  Navy  Mutual  Aid  Association  and  the  Army  and 
Navy  Club,  and  is  a  companion  of  the  Military  Order  of 
the  1  .oval  Legion. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


75 


MAJOR  AND  BREVET   COLONEL  L.  H.  CARPENTER. 

Major  and  Brevet  Colonel  L.  H.  Carpenter  (Fifth 
Cavalry)  belongs  to  a  family  identified  with  the  early 
history  of  Philadelphia.  He  is  a  lineal  descendant  of 
Thomas  Lloyd,  first  governor  of  the  province  of  Penn- 
sylvania, and  of  Samuel  Carpenter,  first  treasurer  of 
that  province  and  also  a  member  of  Penn's  Provincial 
Council. 

Colonel  Carpenter  was  born  at  Glassborough,  New  Jer- 
sey, February  i  r,  1839.  He  was  graduated  at  the  Phila- 
delphia High  School,  and  remained  for  some  time  at  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania.  He  was  a  student  when  the 
war  broke  out,  and  enlisted  in  the  Sixth  Cavalry  No- 
vember i,  1 86 1,  and  was  commissioned  second  lieutenant, 
Sixth  Cavalry,  Jul)'  17,  1862.  He  served  in  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac  during  a  portion  of  the  Peninsula  campaign  ; 
was  in  the  retreat  to  Yorktown,  and  in  the  cavalry  cover- 
ing Washington  after  the  second  battle  of  Bull  Run,  and 
was  engaged  in  the  cavalry  operations  and  skirmishes 
connected  with  the  advance  of  the  army  after  Antie- 
tam.  He  participated  at  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg, 
Stoneman's  raid,  and  action  at  Beverly  Ford  June  9, 
1863. 

Colonel  Carpenter  was  appointed  acting  adjutant,  Sixth 
Cavalry,  June  12,  1863,  and  served  in  the  campaign  of 
Gettysburg, — in  various  actions  and  combats,  and  in  the 
battle  of  Gettysburg  on  July  3,  1863,  and  in  pursuit  of  the 
enemy;  and  in  the  Mine  Run  expedition.  May  4,  1864, 
he  was  detailed  as  acting  aide-de-camp  on  the  staff  of 
Major-General  Sheridan,  commanding  Cavalry  Corps, 
and  was  engaged  in  the  Richmond  campaign, — battle  of 
the  Wilderness,  Todd's  Tavern,  Sheridan's  raid  around 
Richmond,  May  9-24,  1864;  battles  of  Yellow  Tavern, 
where  Stuart  was  killed ;  combat  of  Meadow  Bridge, 
May  27,  1864  ;  guided  advance  of  the  Army  of  the  Poto- 
mac from  Chesterfield  Station,  on  the  North  Anna,  to 
Hanovertown,  en  route  to  Cold  Harbor ;  engaged  in  pre- 
liminary actions  and  battle  of  Cold  Harbor  ;  in  Sheridan's 
raid  towards  Gordonsville,  June  7-28,  1864;  battle  of 
Trevilian  Station,  June  11-12,  1864;  siege  of  Peters- 
burg, and  many  actions  in  connection  therewith.  On 
August  10,  1864,  he  joined  the  Army  of  the  Shenandoah 
as  acting  aide-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  General  Sheridan, 
commanding,  and  was  engaged  in  many  actions  in  the 
Shenandoah  Valley  and  in  the  battles  of  Winchester  and 
Fisher's  Hill. 

He  was  appointed  lieutenant-colonel,  Fifth  U.S.  Colored 
Cavalry,  September  28,  1864  and  on  October  2,  1864  was 
ordered  to  Kentucky,  commanding  the  regiment  and  post 
of  Camp  Nelson,  Kentucky.  lie  was  promoted  colonel, 
Fifth  U.S.  Colored  Cavalry,  October  28,  1865,  and  mus- 
tered out  of  the  volunteer  service  at  Helena,  Arkansas, 
March  15,  1866. 


Colonel  Carpenter  was  appointed  captain,  Tenth  Cav- 
alry, July  28,  1866.  He  has  served  since  the  war  on  the 
plains,  in  the  Indian  campaigns  of  1868  and  1874,  against 
the  Sioux,  Cheyennes,  Comanches,and  Kiowas  in  Kansas 
and  the  Indian  Territory, — that  of  1868  being  in  relief 
of  Colonel  Forsythe's  command  by  a  forced  march,  and 
other  Indian  scouts. 

Colonel  Carpenter  has  been  a  member  of  numerous  im- 
portant boards,  among  which  was  the  Cavalry  Equipment 
Board  at  Fort  Leavenworth  and  Watervliet  Arsenal  in 
1873,  and  Board  for  Purchase  of  Cavalry  Horses  for  the 
Department  of  Texas  in  1S76.  He  assisted  in  quelling 
a  riot  of  Mexicans  at  San  Martin,  Texas,  in  1877-78,  and 
subsequently  engaged  in  a  campaign  against  the  Apaches 
in  Northwestern  Texas  in  1880.  He  was  on  leave  of 
absence  in  Europe  in  1881-82,  and,  after  rejoining  his 
regiment,  marched  with  it  down  the  Platte  from  Laramie 
to  Kansas  in  1885,  and  the  same  year  was  detached,  with 
four  troops,  to  Fort  Reno,  Indian  Territory,  to  provide 
against  an  outbreak  of  Cheyennes. 

Colonel  Carpenter  was  brevetted  during  the  war  to 
lieutenant-colonel  in  the  regular  army  and  to  colonel  of 
volunteers  for  gallant  services  at  Gettysburg,  Winches- 
ter, and  services  during  the  war,  and  brevetted  colonel 
in  the  regular  army  for  gallant  services  in  the  action 
with  Indians  on  Beaver  Creek,  Kansas,  October  28, 
1868.  He  was  also  mentioned  in  general  orders  for 
same  engagement. 

He  received  his  promotion  to  major.  Fifth  Cavalry, 
February  17,  1X83,  and  commanded  Fort  Robinson, 
Nebraska,  1883-85.  He  served  at  Fort  Supply,  1885— 
87,  and  commanded  Fort  Myer,  Virginia,  1887-91.  He 
is  now  serving  at  Fort  Reno,  Oklahoma  Territory. 


76 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  regular) 


MAJOR  HENRY  CARROLL. 

Major  Henry  Carroll  (First  Cavalry)  was  born  in 
Copenhagen,  Lewis  County,  New  York,  May  20,  [838. 
He  moved  to  Minnesota  in  i858,and  enlisted  asaprivate 
in  Light  Battery  E,  Third  Artillery,  January  13,  1859,  at 
Fort  Ridgely,  Minnesota.  He  served  through  the  grades 
of  corporal,  sergeant,  and  first  sergeant  to  July  I,  1861. 
He  participated  in  an  expedition  against  the  Sioux 
Indians  in  the  summer  of  1851)  in  Dakota  Territory,  and 
took  part  in  the  occupation  of  Alexandria,  Virginia,  in 
Ma)-,  1 86 1,  followed  by  a  reconnoissance  and  engage 
nient  at  Blackburn's  Ford,  July  18,  and  battle  of  Bull 
Run,  July  21,  same  year.  In  October,  1861,  he  was  in 
an  expedition  to  Fort  Royal,  South  Carolina,  and  occu- 
pied Hilton  Head  in  November.  Fi  1862  he  was  at 
Fernandina  and  Jacksonville,  Florida,  in  March;  John's 
Island,  South  Carolina,  Ma)'  and  June,  and  James  Island 
same  month,  being  engaged  on  James  Island,  June  10,  in 
battle  of  Fort  Lamar  or  Secessionville  ;  in  bombardment 
and  capture  of  Morris  Island,  July  10,  1863;  attack  on 
Fort  Wagner,  July  10,  and  assaults  on  same  position 
August  23  and  September  7  following.  He  was  under 
fire  in  an  advanced  battery  alternate  days  during  the  siege 
of  Forts  Wagner,  Gregg,  and  Sumter,  and  was  presented 
a  medal  for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  August  2^, 
1863.      He  was  wounded  the  same  day. 

Having  been  discharged  January  13.  [864,  he  re- 
enlisted  in  Light  Batten-  G,  Third  Artillery,  at  Wash- 
ington City,  February  3,  1864,  and  joined  Ninth  Army 
Corps,  participating  in  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness  and 
the  movements  of  the  Ami)-  of  Potomac  to  Spottsyl- 
vania  until  May  11,  when  he  was  ordered  to  Wash- 
ington. 

He  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  Third  U.  S.  Cav- 


alry May  18,  1864,  and  joined  his  battery  at  Little  Rock, 
then  attached  to  the  Seventh  Army  Corps.  Participated 
in  operations  against  Confederate  cavalry  in  Arkansas  in 
1864-65,  and  was  quartermaster  of  the  Second  Cavalry 
Brigade  (Powell's)  and  depot  quartermaster  at  Duval's 
Bluff,  Arkansas,  from  June  to  November,  1865. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  April  14,  1866,  and 
was  en  route  to  Fort  Union,  New  Mexico,  through  the 
Indian  Territory,  from  May  to  August  of  that  year,  per- 
forming the  duties  of  adjutant  and  quartermaster.  He 
then  served  at  Fort  Stevens,  Colorado,  and  Los  Finos, 
New  Mexico,  to  January,  1867,  when  he  was  promoted 
to  a  captaincy  in  the  Ninth  Cavalry,  joining  the  latter  at 
Fort  Stockton,  Texas.  With  the  exception  of  a  tour  of 
recruiting  service  at  St.  Louis  and  Chicago  from  January, 
1873,  to  October,  1874,  Major  Carroll's  service  was  at 
numerous  posts  in  Texas  to  1876,  where  he  was  engaged 
in  scouting  after  Indians,  stock-thieves,  and  murderers  ; 
in  affair  with  Comanche  and  Kiowa  Indians  in  September, 
1869,  on  the  head-waters  of  the  Brazos  River,  and  in  the 
reconstruction  of  civil  affairs  in  Marion  Count)-  during 
January  and  February,  1870.  He  was  mentioned  in 
orders  from  head-quarters  Fifth  Military  District,  Austin, 
Texas,  in  November,  1869,  for  the  affair  on  the  Brazos 
River. 

Changing  station  to  New  Mexico  in  1876,  we  find  the 
major  engaged  in  the  following  affairs:  With  Apache 
Indians  at  Florida  Mountains,  September  15,  1876,  for 
which  he  was  mentioned  in  orders,  District  of  New 
Mexico  ;  with  Mescalero  Apaches  in  Sacramento  Moun- 
tains, July  22,  1878,  and  Dog  Canyon,  Sacramento  Moun- 
tains, August  5,  1878  ;  with  Apaches  in  the  San  Andreas 
Mountains,  February  3,  1880;  with  Victoria's  Apaches, 
San  Andreas  Mountains,  April  5-7,  1880,  where  he  was 
twice  seriously  wounded  on  the  6th,  and  was  mentioned 
in  orders,  District  of  New  Mexico,  and  recommended  for 
the  brevet  of  lieutenant-colonel.  After  this  affair  the 
major  was  granted  a  sick  leave  of  absence  until  March, 
1  88  1,  when  we  find  him  again  scouting  after  Ute  Indians 
in  Colorado  and  Utah  in  the  summer  of  that  year,  for 
which  he  was  mentioned  in  orders,  Fort  Lewis,  Colorado. 
He  was  again  in  an  affair  with  the  Chiracahua  Apaches 
at  Dragoon  Mountains,  Arizona,  October  4,  1881,  for 
which  he  was  mentioned  in  orders  in  the  field,  and  espe- 
cially mentioned  by  the  department  commander  of  Ari- 
zona, October,  1881. 

It  would  be  impossible  to  follow  the  major  in  his 
numerous  changes  of  station  in  this  short  sketch,  or  the 
duties  which  have  fallen  to  his  lot.  His  field  of  duty- 
was  removed  to  the  Indian  Territory  in  1 88 1 .  to  Nebraska 
in  1885,  and  in  that  year  to  Montana,  having  been  pro- 
moted major  of  the  First  Cavalry  July  3,  1885.  He 
took  part  in  the  Sioux  campaign  of  Dakota  from  No- 
vember 24,  1890,  to  February  5,  1891. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


17 


MAJOR-GENERAL   SAMUEL  S.  CARROLL,  U.S.A. 
(retired). 

Major-General  Samuel  S.  Carroll  (retired)  was 
born  in  Washington,  D.  C,  September  21,  1832,  and 
graduated  from  the  Military  Academy  July  1,  1S56.  He 
was  promoted  brevet  second  lieutenant  of  the  Ninth 
Infantry  the  same  day.  He  was  promoted  second  lieu- 
tenant of  the  Tenth  Infantry  October  1,  1856;  to  a  first 
lieutenancy  April  25,  i86l,and  to  a  captaincy  November 
1,  1861. 

At  the  commencement  of  the  Rebellion  he  was  ten- 
dered a  first  lieutenancy  in  the  Nineteenth  Infantry 
May  14,  1861,  which  he  declined.  lie  was  appointed 
colonel  of  the  Eighth  Ohio  Infantry  December  7,  1861, 
and  commanded  this  regiment  in  Virginia  under  Gen- 
erals Kelly,  Lander,  and  Shields,  until  May,  1862,  when, 
by  the  order  of  Secretary  of  War  Stanton,  he  was  made 
acting  brigadier-general  of  volunteers,  and  nominated  for 
the  rank  of  brigadier. 

General  Carroll  was  assigned  by  General  Shields  to 
the  command  of  a  brigade,  and  served  in  Shields's  divi- 
sion, Ricketts's  division,  M<  Dowell's  corps,  and  Whip- 
ple's division  of  the  Third  Corps  until  April,  1863,  when 
he  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  a  brigade  in  French's 
division  of  the  Second  Corps,  then  commanded  by  Gen- 
eral Couch,  and  subsequently  by  General  Hancock.  He 
commanded  this  brigade  until  May  13,  [864. 

During  this  period  of  servii  e  General  Carroll  partici- 
pated in  the  campaigns,  battles,  and  skirmishes  in  West 
Virginia  and  the  Shenandoah  Valley  under  Generals 
Kelly,  Lander,  and  Shields.  Joining  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  in  the  fall  of  1862,  he  participated  in  the  Rap- 
pahannock campaign  and  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of 
Fredericksburg,  and  afterwards  in  all  t lie  actions  partici- 
pated in  by  the  Second  Corps  until  May  13,  1864.  He 
was  wounded  while  making  a  reconnoissance  at  "  Rapi- 
dan  Station,"  just  after  the  battle  of  Cedar  Mountain  in 
1862;  also  wounded  at  Morton's  Ford  February  6, 
1864;  also  wounded  in  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness, 
May  5  and  9,  and  again  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Spott- 
sylvania  Court-House  May  13,  1X64.  He  was  appointed 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers  May  12,  1864.  In  Feb- 
ruary, 1S65,  General  Carroll  was  assigned  to  the  com- 
mand of  the  Department  of  West  Virginia  for  about  six 
weeks,  then  to  the  command  of  a  division  of  the  First 
Veteran  Corps  (Hancock's)  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley, 


and  afterwards  at  Camp  Stoneman,  near  Washington, 
until  August,  1865,  when  the  division  was  disbanded. 

lie  received  the  following  brevets:  Major,  May  3, 
[863,  f>r  "gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle 
of  Chancellorsville ;"  lieutenant-colonel,  July  3,  1863,  for 
"  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  Gettys- 
burg, Pennsylvania;"  colonel,  Ma)'  5,  1864,  for  "  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness, 
Virginia;"  brigadier-general,  March  13,  1865,  for  "gal- 
lant and  distinguished  services  in  the  eight  clays'  battles 
in  the  old  Wilderness  and  at  Spottsylvania  Court-House, 
Virginia;"  major-general,  March  13,  1865,  for  "gallant 
and  meritorious  services  in  the  field  during  the  war,"  and 
major-general  of  volunteers,  March  13,  1865,  for  "gal- 
lant and  meritorious  services  during  the  war." 

In  August,  1865,  General  Carroll  was  assigned  to  the 
command  of  the  Military  District  in  Virginia  under 
General  Terry,  which  he  retained  until  January,  1S66, 
when  he  was  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service.  In 
consideration  of  his  gallant  conduct  during  the  war,  he- 
was  tendered  the  lieutenant-colonelcy  of  the  Twenty-first 
United  States  Infantry  January  22,  1867,  which  he- 
accepted  April  I,  1867,  and  on  the  9th  of  June,  1869,  he 
was  retired  for  wounds  in  the  line  of  duty  on  the  rank  of 
major-general.  Since  retirement  he  has  lived  in  Mont- 
gomery Count)',  Maryland,  at  wdiat  is  now  the  suburban 
village  of  "Takoma  Park." 


78 


OFFICERS   OF  TUB  ARMY  AND   NAVY  {regular) 


REAR-ADMIRAL  AUGUSTUS  LUDLOW  CASH.  U.S.N. 

Rear-Admiral  Augustus  Ludlow  Case  was  born  in 
Newburg,  New  York,  in  February,  1813,  and  appointed 
midshipman  in  1828.  After  cruising  in  Brazil  and  West 
Indies,  became  passed  midshipman  in  1834.  Served  on 
the  Coast  Survey  and  on  the  United  States  South  Sea 
Surveying  and  Exploring  Expedition.  While  absent  on 
latter  duty  commissioned  acting  lieutenant,  and  con- 
tinued to  serve  in  the  expedition  from  1837  to  1842. 

Commissioned  as  lieutenant  February  25,  1S41  ;  cruised 
in  frigate  "  Brandywine,"  East  Indies,  [843—45.  During 
Mexican  War,  in  schooner  "  Mahonese,"  brig  "  Por- 
poise," frigate  "  Raritan,"  sloops-of-war  "John  Adams" 
and  "  Germantown,"  Gulf  of  Mexico,  1846—48.  He  was 
present  at  and  participated  in  the  capture  of  Vera  Cruz, 
Alvarado,  and  Tabasco.  After  the  landing  of  the  troops, 
on  the  first  day,  was  in  charge  of  the  beach  and  superin- 
tended the  landing  of  men,  ordnance,  and  stores  for  the 
investment  of  Vera  Cruz.  Alter  possession  of  Laguna 
was  taken  by  the  "  Porpoise,"  he  was  despatched,  in  a 
"  bungo"  having  one  of  the  "  Porpoise's"  42-pounder 
carronades  mounted  on  the  bow,  with  Passed  Midship- 
man F.  K.  Murray  and  twenty-five  men,  up  the  Palisada 
River  to  the  town  of  the  same  name,  which  was  captured 
and  held  for  a  fortnight  against  a  large  body  of  cavalry 
which  almost  daily  threatened  an  attack.  The  object  of 
holding  the  town  was  to  intercept  and  capture  General 
Santa  Anna,  wdio,  it  was  supposed,  would  endeavor  to 
escape  to  Honduras  via  the  Palisada  passes.  Cruising 
in  sloop-of-war  "  Vincennes,"  Pacific  Ocean,  1849-51; 
commanding  sloop-of-war  "  Warren,"  Pacific  Squadron, 


1852—53  ;  light-house  inspector,  third  district,  New  York, 
1853-57. 

Commissioned  as  commander,  September  14,  1S55; 
waiting  orders  in  185S;  commanding  steamer  "Cale- 
donia," Brazil  Squadron  and  Paraguay  Expedition,  in 
1859;  waiting  orders  in  i860.  In  March,  1 861 ,  just  at 
the  commencement  of  the  Rebellion,  Commander  Case 
was  ordered  to  Washington  as  assistant  to  (then)  Com- 
modore Stringham,  in  the  Office  of  Detail;  but  on 
the  assignment  of  the  latter  to  the  command  of  the 
North  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron,  he  was  appointed 
fleet-captain  of  it,  and  with  him  joined  the  steam-frigate 
"Minnesota,"  at  Boston,  April  13.  Subsequently  served 
in  the  same  position  with  Flag-Ufficer  L.  M.  Goldsbor- 
ough  and  Acting  Rear-Admiral  S.  P.  Lee,  who  were 
successively  appointed  to  command  the  fleet,  1861-62. 
He  took  part  in  the  capture  of  Forts  Clarke  and  Hat- 
teras,  August  28  and  29,  1861  ;  Roanoke  Island,  Feb- 
ruary 7  and  8,  1862;  Sewell's  Point  (where,  in  passing 
the  heavy  fortifications  on  Craney  Island,  he  landed  from 
his  "  tug"  and  hauled  down  the  large  rebel  flag  there 
flying)  and  Norfolk,  May  10,  1862;  and  all  of  the  gen- 
eral active  operations  of  the  North  Atlantic  Fleet,  until 
January,  1863,  when,  it  being  understood  that  active 
operations  were  over,  and  that  the  duty  of  the  fleet 
would  be  mostly  confined  to  blockading,  he  was  assigned 
to  the  command  of  the  steam-sloop  "  Iroquois,"  which 
was  fitted  to  look  after  the  "  Alabama,"  but  was  after- 
wards attached  to  the  North  Atlantic  Squadron.  In 
charge  of  the  blockade  of  New  Inlet,  North  Carolina, 
1863;  cut  out  the  steamer  "Kate"  from  under  Fort 
Fisher  and  the  other  batteries  at  New  Inlet,  aided  by 
the  steamers  "James  Adger"  and  "Mount  Vernon,"  in 
August,  1863. 

Commissioned  as  captain  January  2,  1863;  special 
duty,  Washington,  in  1864;  navy-yard,  New  York-,  1864- 
65  ;  fleet-captain,  European  Squadron,  1865-66. 

Commissioned  as  commodore  December  8,  1867; 
light-house  inspector,  third  district,  New  York,  1867-69. 

Chief  of  Bureau  of  Ordnance,  1869-73. 

Commissioned  as  rear-admiral  May  24,  1872;  com- 
manding European  Squadron  1873-75,  aiu'  combined 
European  North  and  South  Atlantic  Fleets,  assembled  at 
Key  West,  Florida,  1874,  for  special  service  in  connec- 
tion with  the  steamer  "  Virginius"  difficulties,  and  for 
ordnance,  torpedo,  and  fleet-practice  and  tactics,  etc. 
Total  sea-service,  twenty-four  years  ten  months  ;  shore 
or  other  duty,  twelve  years. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


79 


COLONEL    AND    BREVET   MAJOR-GENERAL 

SILAS  CASEY,   U.S.A. 

(deceased). 

Colonel  and  Brevet  Major-General  Silas  Casey 
(deceased),  son  of  Elizabeth  (Goodale)  and  Wanton 
Casey,  and  nephew  of  Dr.  Lincoln  Goodale,  whom  he 
succeeded  in  1870,  was  born  in  East  Greenwich,  Rhode 
Island,  July  12,  1807;  died  at  Brooklyn,  New  York, 
January  22,  1882.  His  grandfather,  Silas,  an  extensive 
importing-merchant  before  the  Revolution,  and  his 
father,  Wanton,  who  was  educated  in  France  during 
Franklin's  residence  there,  were  natives  of  East  Green- 
wich. In  his  youth  was  educated  at  the  academy  in  his 
native  town  and  at  West  Point;  on  graduating  July  1, 
1S26,  was  appointed  brevet  second  lieutenant  in  Seventh 
Infantry,  stationed  at  Fort  Towson,  Arkansas.  His  sub- 
sequent commissions  are  as  follows  :  Second  lieutenant, 
1829;  assistant  commissary  subsistence,  February,  1836; 
first  lieutenant,  June,  1836;  captain,  July,  1839;  brevet- 
major  for  Contreras  and  Churubusco,  August  20,  1847; 
brevet  lieutenant-colonel  for  Chapultepec,  September  13, 
1847  ;  lieutenant-colonel  Ninth  Infantry,  March  3,  1855  ; 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers,  August  31,  1861  ;  colonel 
Fourth  Infantry,  October  9,  1861  ;  brevet  brigadier-gen- 
eral U.  S.  Army  and  major-general  volunteers  for  Fair 
(  )aks,  May  31,  1862;  brevet  major-general  U.  S.  Army, 
March  13,  1865,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  dur- 
ing the  Rebellion. 

During  the  Florida  War  he  was  appointed  captain  in  a 
regiment  of  Creek  Indian  volunteers.  He  distinguished 
himself  in  the  battle  of  Pilaklikaha  (April  19,  1842),  and 
was  recommended  by  Colonel  Worth,  his  commander, 
for  the  brevet  of  major.  He  was  engaged  in  Mexico  in 
battles  of  Contreras  and  Churubusco  ;  and  at  the  storm- 
ing of  the  castle  of  Chapultepec,  while  leading  his  men 
through  a  terrible  fire,  was  severely  wounded  in  the  ab- 
domen when  near  the  Mexican  batteries.  For  his  services 
and  conduct  in  the  war  with  Mexico  he  received  a  beau- 
tiful silver  vase  from  the  inhabitants  of  his  native  town 
and  a  resolution  of  thanks  from  the  Legislature  of  Rhode 
Island.  In  November,  1 851,  while  stationed  in  Califor- 
nia, Casey  attacked  and  defeated  the  Coquille  River  In- 
dians, whom  he  completely  subdued. 

In  March,  1856,  Lieutenant-Colonel  Casey,  in  a  cam- 
paign of  twenty-five  days,  completely  subdued  the  Puget 
Sound  Indians  in  Washington  Territory.  Pending  the 
controversy  between  the  United  States  and  the  British 
government  respecting  the  boundaries  of  each  in  that 
Territory,  Lieutenant-Colonel  Casey  occupied  and  forti- 
fied San  Juan  Island,  which  place  was,  by  agreement  be- 
tween General  Scott  and  the  British  authorities,  afterward 
occupied  jointly  by  the  two  nations. 

Was  assigned  at  breaking  out  of  Civil  War  to  the  duty 


of  organizing  into  brigades,  disciplining,  and  instructing 
the  volunteer  troops  arriving  at  Washington,  D.C.  On 
March  22,  [862,  he  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  a 
division  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  accompanied 
it  under  General  McClellan  to  the  Peninsula.  Having 
been,  contrary  to  his  advice  and  opinion,  ordered  to  Seven 
Pines  1  Pair  Oaks),  where  his  division  was  within  six 
miles  of  Richmond  without  support  on  cither  flank,  he 
commenced  work  energetically,  digging  rifle-pits  and  cut- 
ting abatis  to  strengthen  as  much  as  possible  his  false 
position.  Here,  on  May  31,  Casey  was  attacked  by  an 
overwhelming  force  under  Generals  Longstreet  and  Hill, 
and  after  a  severe  conflict  of  three  hours  was  driven  from 
his  position  with  a  loss  of  fourteen  hundred  and  thirty 
in  killed,  wounded,  and  missing,  out  of  a  total  force  of 
less  than  five  thousand  men.  Says  an  eye-witness  :  "  The 
veteran  warrior  Casey  had  been  in  the  thickest  of  the 
fight,  directing  and  animating  .  .  .  and  nearly  one-third 
of  his  command  had  found  a  soldier's  death,  or  were 
maimed  and  helpless  from  the  fight." 

Besides  his  promotion,  General  Casey  received  the 
thanks  of  the  Legislature  of  his  native  State  for  his 
bravery  and  skill  in  this  battle.  On  June  30  he  was 
relieved  from  the  command  of  his  division  by  General 
McClellan,  and  ordered  to  the  White  House  on  the 
"  Pamunkey,"  where  he  successfully  performed  the  duty 
of  evacuating  that  depot,  destroying  supplies  that  could 
not  be  taken  away.  On  August  1 1  he  was  again  placed 
on  duty  to  receive,  organize,  and  instruct  the  volun- 
teers arriving  at  Washington ;  and  on  this  date  the 
system  of  tactics  for  the  United  States  Army  by  Casey 
was  adopted  by  the  government.  During  his  period  of 
duty  in  Washington  General  Casey  equipped,  organized, 
and  in  a  preliminary  manner  instructed  about  three 
hundred  thousand  volunteer  troops.  He  was,  in  July 
iS.  [868,  retired  at  his  own  request. 


So 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN   SILAS  CASEY,    U.S.N. 

Captain  Silas  Casey  was  born  in  Rhode  Island  upon 
a  family  place  between  Kingston  and  Narragansett  Pier, 
on  September  11,  1S41.  His  father  was  General  Silas 
Casey,  of  the  U.  S.  Army,  whose  long  service  in  the  army, 
as  well  as  his  distinguished  conduct  in  McClellan's  Penin- 
sula campaign,  made  his  name  well  known  to  the  country 
at  large.  Captain  Casey's  brother  is  now  the  chief  of  the 
Engineer  Department  of  the  U.S.  Army;  and  another 
brother,  Lieutenant  Edward  Casey,  of  the  U.  S.  cavalry, 
was  foully  murdered  only  a  short  time  ago'  bv  Western 
Indians,  in  whose  interest  he  was  endeavoring  to  make 
parley.  It  was  a  most  lamentable  thing,  especially  as 
Lieutenant  Case}-  was  a  true  friend  of  the  Indians,  and 
had  succeeded — among  the  fust — in  drilling  some  of] 
them  into  soldiers. 

Captain  Silas  Casey  was  appointed  an  acting  midship- 
man in  September,  1856.  After  four  years  at  the  I'.  S. 
Naval  .Academy,  he  graduated  in  i860,  and  was  ordered 
to  the  steam-frigate"  Niagara,"  then  one  of  the  remarka- 
ble naval  vessels.     The  march  of  events  was   rapid   in 


those  days,  and  Casey  found  himself  a  master  in  the  navy 
in  1 86 1,  at  which  time  he  was  serving  off  Pensacola,  in 

engagements  with  the  Confederate  batteries. 

He  was  commissioned  lieutenant  in  July,  1862,  six 
years  alter  his  appointment  as  acting  midshipman,  and 
served  as  executive-officer  of  the  gun-boat  "  Wissa- 
hickon,"  on  the  South  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron, 
in  1862-63.  Was  in  several  engagements  with  Fort 
McAllister  during  1862.  He  served  in  the  first  attack 
upon  Charleston  under  Admiral  I)u  Pont,  and  then  for  a 
long  time  was  executive-officer  of  the  "  Quaker  City,"  in 
the  North  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron,  during  which 
period  he  participated  in  the  two  attacks  upon  Port 
Fisher. 

After  the  war  closed  he  was  navigating-officer  of  the 
"  Winooski,"  of  the  Atlantic  Squadron,  from  1865  to  1867. 
He  was  commissioned  as  lieutenant-commander  in  July, 
1866,  ami  was  then  stationed  at  the  U.  S.  Naval  Acad- 
emy for  three  years.  Lieutenant-Commander  Casey  was 
then  ordered  as  executive-officer  of  the  steam-frigate 
"  Colorado,"  flag-ship  of  the  Asiatic  Squadron,  where  he 
remained  from  1870  to  1873.  He  was  in  command  of 
the  battalion  of  sailors  from  the  fleet  in  the  Corean  expe- 
dition, and  the  assault  on  Fort  McKee  (Elbow  Fort), 
Seoul  River,  in  June,  1872.  Upon  his  return  from  this 
long  and  arduous  cruise,  he  was  upon  ordnance  duty  at 
the  Philadelphia  Navy- Yard  during  1873  and  1874.  Com- 
missioned as  commander  in  June,  1  874,  ami  in  1875-76 
was  in  command  of  the  "Portsmouth,"  sloop-of-war. 
He  was  inspector  of  the  Twelfth  Light-House  District 
from  1876  to  1879,  anc'  commanded  the  "  Wyoming"  and 
"  Quinnebaug,"  of  the  pAiropean  Squadron,  in  1880-S2. 
He  then  served  a  term  as  equipment-officer  at  the  Nav  v- 
Yard,  Washington,  I).  C,  and  was  inspector  of  the  Fifth 
Light-Mouse  District,  and  in  command  of  the  "  Dale," 
up  to  1889.  In  February,  1889,  he  was  commissioned 
captain.  I  le  was  ordered  to  the  command  of  the  U.  S.  S. 
"Newark',"  in  July,  1890,  which  command  he  still  re- 
tains. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


81 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL  THOMAS    LINCOLN    CASEY. 

Brioadier-General  Thomas  Lincoln  Casey  (Corps 
of  Engineers)  was  born  in  New  York-.  He  is  the  son  of 
General  Silas  Casey,  deceased,  who  was  retired  as  colo- 
nel of  the  Fourth  Infantry.  Young  Casey  was  gradu- 
ated at  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy  in  the  Class  of  1852, 
and  promoted  brevet  second  lieutenant  of  the  Corps  of 
Engineers.  He  served  at  West  Point,  attached  to  the 
company  of  sappers,  miners,  and  pontoniers,  the  year  he 
graduated  ;  and  was  then  the  assistant  engineer  in  the 
construction  of  Fort  Delaware  and  works  of  harbor  and 
river  improvement  in  Delaware  River  and  Bay  until 
1854,  when  he  was  detailed  at  the  U.  S.  Military  Acad- 
emy as  assistant  instructor  of  practical  engineering,  and 
serving  with  engineer  troops  to  June  27,  1857  ;  then 
made  principal  assistant  professor  of  engineering,  which 
position  he  occupied  to  August  31,  1859. 

He  was  promoted  second  lieutenant  June  22,  1854, and 
first  lieutenant  December  1,  1856. 

Being  ordered  to  the  Pacific  coast  in  1859,  he  was  in 
command  of  a  detachment  of  engineer  troops  in  Wash- 
ington Territory,  and  in  charge  of  the  construction  of  a 
wagon-road  from  Vancouver  to  Cowlitz,  Oregon,  and  in 
selecting  and  surveying  military  reservations  on  Puget 
Sound  from  1858  to  1 861. 

He  served  during  the  rebellion  of  the  seceding  States 
as  engineer  at  Fort  Monroe,  Virginia,  on  the  staff  of  the 
general  commanding  the  Department  of  Virginia,  from 
June  11  to  August  15,  1861  ;  as  superintending  engineer 
of  the  permanent  defences  and  field  fortifications  upon  the 
coast  of  Maine,  and  on  recruiting  service  for  engineer 
troops;  on  special  duty  with  the  North  Atlantic  Squad- 
ron, during  the  first  expedition  to  Fort  Fisher,  North 
Carolina,  December  8-29,  1864,  and  as  member  of  special 
board  of  engineers  for  work  at  Willett's  Point,  New  York, 
from  April  7  to  June  20,  1865. 

He  was  promoted  captain  of  the  Corps  of  Engineers 
August  6,  1861,  and  major  October  2,  1863,  and  bre- 
vetted  lieutenant-colonel  and  colonel  March  13,  1865,  for 
"  faithful  and  meritorious  services  during  the  Rebellion." 

Colonel  Casev  was  member  of  the  board  of  engineers 


fir  work  at  Forts  Preble,  Scammel,  Knox,  and  Popham, 
from  August,  1865,  to  February,  1866,  when  he  was 
granted  leave  of  absence  from  July  26,  1866,  to  February 
25,  1867.  He  was  then  detailed  as  superintending  engi- 
neer of  the  construction  of  Forts  Preble  and  Scammel, 
Portland  harbor,  Maine,  and  other  important  works,  from 
March  1,  1867,  to  March  3,  1877,  when  he  was  appointed 
colonel  and  in  charge  of  public  buildings  and  grounds  at 
Washington,  D.  C,  retaining  this  position  until  April  1, 
1 88 1.  He  was  placed  in  charge  of  the  construction  of 
the  State,  War,  and  Navy  Department  building,  March, 
1877,  which  building  he  completed  March,  1888,  of  the 
Washington  National  Monument  in  1878,  which  he  com- 
pleted December  6,  1884. 

He  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel  of  Engineers  Sep- 
tember 2,  1874;  colonel  March  12,  1884,  and  brigadier- 
general  and  chief  of  engineers  July  6,  1888.  Since  that 
time  he  has  been  stationed  in  Washington,  D.  C,  at  the 
head  of  his  bureau.  He  has  been  a  member  of  the  Mas- 
sachusetts Society  of  the  Cincinnati  since  1882,  of  the 
National  Academy  of  Sciences  since  1890,  and  an 
"  Officer"  of  the  Legion  of  Honor  of  France  since  Jan- 
uary, 1890. 


82 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  [regular) 


COLONEL   ISAAC  S.  CATLIN. 

Colonel    Isaac    S.    Catlin    (retired)    was    born    at 

Oswego,  New  York,  July  8,  (835.  When  the  Rebellion 
was  inaugurated,  he  was  a  member  of  the  law-firm 
of  Tracy  and  Catlin  at  Owego,  New  York,  the  senior 
member  being  the  present  Secretary  of  the  Navy,  Hon- 
orable Benjamin  F.  Tracy.  Catlin  was  also  mayor  of 
Owego  at  that  time,  having  been  elected  in  November, 
[860,  without  opposition.  On  the  17th  of  April,  [861, 
the  date  el  Lincoln's  first  proclamation  for  volunteers, 
he  officially  approved  a  call  for  a  meeting  to  raise  a 
company  of  volunteers.  On  that  evening  he  enrolled 
himself,  with  others,  as  an  enlisted  man,  and  before  the 
meeting  adjourned  the  minimum  number  of  men  for  a 
company  was  enrolled,  with  himself  unanimously  elected 
as  captain.  It  is  claimed  to  have  been  one  of  the  first, 
if  not  the  very  first,  company  of  actual  volunteers  enlisted 
in  this  State.  The  company  was  attached  to  the  Third 
New  York  Volunteers.  Me  served  with  it  .it  Big  Bethel, 
Virginia.  In  March,  [862,  he  resigned  for  the  purpose 
of  raising  a  new  regiment,  and  when  General  B.  F. 
Tracy  was  assigned  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Senatorial  or 
Regimental  District  by  Governor  E.  D.  Morgan,  Catlin 
was  first  made  adjutant  of  the  post,  then  lieutenant-colo- 
nel of  the  One  Hundred  and  Ninth  New  York  Volun- 
teers. 

lie  served  in  the  field  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
during  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  ;  had  separate  command 
in  [863-64  at  Falls  Church,  Virginia,  which  was  kept 
in  active  service  watching  the  predatory  movements  of 
Mosby  and  other  guerillas;  in  May,  1  864,  his  regiment 
joined  the  Ninth  Corps,  and  was  assigned  to  the  First 
Brigade,  Third  Division;  he  was  sick  in  hospital  at 
Washington,  D.C.,  with  gastric  fever,  for  several  weeks 
after  the  action  at   Gaines'  Farm,  Virginia;   he   rejoined 


command  in  front  of  Petersburg,  Virginia,  July,  1864; 
and  on  July  30,  while  commanding  a  Provisional  Brigade 
of  three  regiments  at  the  battle  of  the  "  Crater,"  he  lost 
his  right  leg  and  received  other  severe  wounds.  As 
soon  as  he  recovered  sufficiently  to  walk  with  crutches, 
the  Secretary  of  War  assigned  him  to  duty  as  President 
of  a  Court-Martial  and  Military  Commission  at  Wash- 
ington, D.C.,  where  he  served  with  his  brevet  rank  of 
major-general  until  mustered  out  June  4,  [865.  In 
[867,  by  reason  of  the  severity  of  his  wounds,  he 
applied  for  a  captaincy  in  the  arm_\-,  to  which  he  was 
promptly  appointed;  and  in  May,  1S70,  he  was  retired 
as  a  colonel  of  infantry,  being  the  lineal  rank  he  held 
when  wounded.  He  participated  in  the  battle  of  Big- 
Bethel,  Virginia,  March,  1862;  Wilderness,  and  succeed- 
ing engagements;  Spottsylvania,  North  Anna,  Gaines' 
Farm,  and  other  engagements  from  the  Rappahannock 
to  James  River,  and  in  the  battle  of  the  "Crater,"  in 
front  of  Petersburg,  Virginia,  18(14.  After  the  wounding 
of  Colonel  Tracy,  May  6,  [864,  he  commanded  his 
regiment  in  all  engagements  up  to  Gaines'  Farm,  and 
commanded  a  Provisional  Brigade  at  the  battle  of  the 
"  Crater,"  as  stated  above. 

He  was  made  brevet  major  L'.S.A.  May  6,  1S67,  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  the 
Wilderness,  Virginia;  brevet  lieutenant-colonel  May  6, 
[867,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle 
of  Petersburg,  Virginia;  brevet  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers  March  13,  1865,  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  during  the  war;  brevet  major-general  of  volun- 
teers March  13,  1865,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services 
in  the  battles  before  Petersburg,  Virginia.  In  the  report 
of  Colonel  Frederick  Townsend,  commanding  (  >ne  Hun- 
dred and  Ninth  New  York,  with  regard  to  the  battle  of 
Big  Bethel,  Virginia,  he  said  of  him  :  "  He  was  at  Bethel, 
and  I  do  not  hesitate  to  say  there  was  no  man  or  officer 
more  distinguished  on  that  field  than  he." 

After  the  war,  in  1865,  he  was  nominated  for  District 
Attorney  of  Tioga  County,  New  York,  and  received  the 
largest  majority  ever  given  a  candidate  in  that  county. 
In  1  S70  he  was  appointed  assistant  United  States  District 
Attorney,  which  position  he  held  for  two  years,  and  then 
went  into  partnership  with  General  Tracy,  the  present 
Secretary  of  the  Navy,  in  the  practice  of  the  law.  In 
[874  he  was  nominated  for  District  Attorney  in  Kings 
County,  New  York,  but  subsequently  retired.  In  1S77 
he  was  again,  against  his  own  protest,  unanimously 
nominated  by  acclamation,  and,  overcoming  an  opposing 
majority  of  about  14,000,  he  was  elected  by  about  3000 
majority.  He  was  unanimously  renominated  by  accla- 
mation in  1S80,  and,  .welcoming  a  normal  opposing 
majority  of  9600,  he  was  elected  by  about  i  i ,ooo.  In 
[885  he  was  nominated  by  the  County  Convention,  by 
acclamation,  for  Surrogate,  but  declined  peremptorily. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


§3 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  HENRY  L.  CH1PMAN 
(retired). 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Henry  L.  Chipman  was  born  in 
Canandaigua,  New  York,  February  23,  1823.  He  en- 
tered the  volunteer  service  as  lieutenant-colonel  of  the 
Second  Michigan  Infantry  May  25,  1861,  and  resigned 
June  24,  1861,  to  accept  the  appointment  of  a  captaincy 
in  the  Eleventh  United  States  Infantry,  to  date  from  May 
14,  1 861 .  He  joined  head-quarters  Eleventh  Infantry 
at  Fort  Independence,  Massachusetts,  and  remained  there 
until  October  14,  assisting  in  organizing  the  regiment, 
and  was  then  ordered  to  Perryville,  Maryland;  and  was 
engaged  doing  guard  duty  here  until  March,  1862,  when 
he  joined  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  served  contin- 
ually with  this  army  until  April,  1864;  went  through 
the  Peninsula  campaign  under  General  McClellan  ;  on 
a  reconnoissance  from  the  Potomac  River  to  Leetown, 
Virginia;  the  troops  fording  the  river  had  continuous 
sharp  skirmishing  for  two  days,  until  the  command  re- 
crossed  the  river,  near  Shepherdstown,  Virginia,  he  being 
engaged  on  the  skirmish-line  the  most  of  the  time; 
March  21,  1863,  he  was  appointed  by  Major-General 
Meade  acting  assistant  inspector-general  of  the  Second 
Division,  Fifth  Corps,  (Sykes's  regulars)  and  was  on 
this  duty  until  April  1,  1864,  when,  having  been 
appointed  colonel  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Second  Regi- 
ment United  States  Colored  Troops,  he  left  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac  and  went  with  regiment  to  Hilton  Head, 
South  Carolina.  On  the  30th  of  August,  1864,  he  went 
with  regiment  to  Jacksonville,  Florida,  and  was  engaged 
in  destroying  the  railroad  leading  from  Jacksonville  to 
Tallahassee,  Florida  ;  built  an  earthwork  at  Magnolia, 
on  the  St.  John's  River;  and  was  then  sent  to  Beaufort, 
South  Carolina,  with  regiment,  where  he  remained  until 
November  30,  1864,  in  command  of  an  extended  picket 
line,  taking  in  three  of  the  Sea  Islands.  At  the  above 
date  he  started  with  five  companies  of  regiment  to  join 
an  expedition,  under  command  of  General  John  P.  Hatch, 
at  Boyd's  Landing,  South  Carolina,  for  the  purpose  of 
capturing  the  Charleston  and  Savannah  Railroad;  the 
result  was  a  severe  battle  at  Honey  Hill,  South  Carolina  ; 
he  commanded  a  brigade  a  part  of  the  time  during  this 
battle.  Two  days  after  he  commanded  a  reconnoissance 
towards  the  railroad,  about  five  miles  from  where  the 
battle  was  fought,  and  had  a  sharp  skirmish  with  the 
enemy.  On  the  9th  of  December,  1864,  another  attempt 
was  made  to  capture  the  railroad,  about  thirty  miles  dis- 
tant from  Honey  Hill,  and  in  this  affair,  which  was  quite 
severe,  he  commanded  a  brigade  composed  of  three  regi- 
ments and  a  battalion  of  sailors  and  marines  from  the 
navy ;  he  was  with  the  first  troops  that  entered  Charles- 
ton, South  Carolina.  On  April  1,  1S65,  left  Charleston 
with  two  wasfon-loads  of  ammunition  and  two  hundred 


and  fifty  men  to  join  an  expedition  at  Nelson's  Fern',  on 
the  Santee  River,  a  command  from  Georgetown,  South 
Carolina,  under  General  Potter;  on  reaching  the  ferry 
learned  that  he  had  gone  on  towards  Camden,  some  days 
before,  so  crossed  the  river  and  followed  his  command 
foi'  five  days,  fighting  his  way  through  to  him;  one 
officer  and  nine  men  were  wounded  and  one  man  killed 
while  making  this  march.  The  day  after  joining  General 
Porter  he  took  his  own  regiment  and  five  companies  of 
another  regiment  to  drive  the  enemy  from  a  strong  earth- 
work immediately  in  their  front  and  across  the  road  of 
the  line  of  march  ;  turned  the  enemy's  flank  and  drove 
him  out  after  a  severe  fight  of  thirty  minutes.  On  the 
17th  of  April,  1865,  while  on  the  march  back  to  George- 
town, the  enemy  sent  in  a  flag  of  truce  with  the  intelli- 
gence of  the  surrender  of  Generals  Lee  and  Johnston, 
and  of  the  assassination  of  President  Lincoln. 

Colonel  Chipman  also  participated  in  the  siege  of  York- 
town,  battles  of  Gaines'  Mill,  Malvern  Hill,  second  Bull 
Run,  Antictam,  Fredericksburg,  Chancellorsville,  Gettys- 
burg, and  affair  at  Rappahannock-  Station.  Was  bre- 
vetted  major  for  "  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at 
Chancellorsville,"  and  lieutenant-colonel  for  same  at  Get- 
tysburg ;  and  was  also  made  brevet  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  during 
the  war.  Promoted  major  of  the  Third  Inf.  Oct.  1873, 
and  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Seventh  Inf.  May  19,  1881. 

When  the  Third  Infantry,  of  which  he  was  major, 
moved  from  Corinne,  Utah,  to  Helena,  Montana,  it 
marched  five  hundred  miles  in  thirty  days  over  the 
Rocky  Mountains,  when  the  temperature  at  times  was 
sixteen  degrees  below  zero  and  the  ground  covered  with 
snow,  which  had  to  be  scraped  away  to  pitch  tents. 

Colonel  Chipman  was  retired  from  active  service  Feb- 
ruary 1,  1887,  and  now  resides  in  San  Antonio,  Texas. 


84 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (xegvla/d 


CAPTAIN    WM.  H.  CLAPP. 

Captain  Wm.  H.  Clapp  (Sixteenth  Infantry)  was  bom 
in  Ohio,  September  7,  1S36,  and  at  the  breaking  out  of 
the  war  of  the  Rebellion  entered  the  volunteer  service 
as  a  private  in  Company  A,  of  the  Seventy-first  New 
York  Infantry,  April  19,  1861,  from  which  he  was  dis- 
charged July  30,  1861.  Feeling  still  the  ambition  to 
serve  his  country  after  his  first  three  months'  experience 
in  that  regiment  in  the  battle  of  the  first  Bull  Run,  he 
again  came  into  service  September  25,  1861,  as  second 
lieutenant  of  the  Forty-second  Ohio  Infantry,  and  was 
promoted  first  lieutenant  March  14,  [862.  He  was  an 
aide-tie-camp  of  volunteers  from  December  19,  1S61,  to 
April  1,  1862,  when  he  received  the  appointment  of 
adjutant  of  the  Forty-second  Ohio  Infantry,  and  was 
assistant  adjutant-general  of  volunteers  on  the  staff  of 
Major-General    Heron   from    May,    1862,  to  July,  1864, 


participating  in  the  campaign  in  Eastern  Kentucky,  and 
engaged  in  the  actions  of  Middle  Creek  ami  capture  of 
Cumberland  Gap.  lie  then  participated  in  the  Missis- 
sippi campaign,  and  was  engaged  in  the  action  of  Taze- 
well, Tennessee.  He  followed  the  fortunes  and  misfor- 
tunes of  the  army  in  the  investment  of  Vicksburg,  being 
engaged  in  the  first  assault  mi  the  works  about  that 
city,  the  action  of  Chickasaw  Bayou,  the  capture  of 
Arkansas  Post,  and  the  siege  of  Vicksburg.  He  was 
also  engaged  in  the  capture  of  Yazoo  City. 

He  was  appointed  captain  and  assistant  adjutant-gen- 
eral of  volunteers  May  15,  1863.  The  captain's  field 
of  duty  was  subsequently  transferred  to  Texas,  and  we 
find  him  present  at  the  capture  and  surrender  of  Browns- 
ville, Texas,  and  the  Trans-Mississippi  Department.  He 
was  honorably  mentioned  in  General  Orders,  by  Major- 
General  Heron,  for  conduct  at  the  siege  of  Vicksburg, 
and  received  the  brevets  of  major  and  lieutenant-colonel 
of  volunteers  March  13,  1865,  for  "  faithful  and  merito- 
rious services  during  the  war." 

Captain  Clapp  entered  the  regular  service  as  second 
lieutenant  of  the  Eleventh  United  States  Infantry  Febru- 
ary 23,  1 866,  and  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  the  same 
day.  He  was  adjutant  of  the  First  Battalion  of  the 
Eleventh  Infantry  from  August  9  to  December  5,  1866, 
when  he  was  appointed  regimental  adjutant.  He  occu- 
pied this  position  until  April  14,  1869,  when,  by  the  con- 
solidation of  regiments,  he  was  transferred  to  the  Six- 
teenth Infantry.  His  services  from  that  time  have  been 
connected  with  the  movements  of  that  regiment,  of 
which  he  was  appointed  adjutant  May  1,  1872,  retaining 
the  office  until  August  1,  1874,  when  he  was  made  regi- 
mental quartermaster.  He  was  promoted  captain  De- 
cember 25,  1874.  He  served  in  various  States  and 
Territories,  and  finally  became  located  at  Fort  Douglas, 
Utah,  which  is  now  his  post  of  duty. 


WHO    SERVED   IX   THE   CIVIL    MAR. 


85 


MAJOR  AND  BREVET-COLONEL  JOSEPH  C.CLARK,  JR.  ' 

(RETIRED  '. 

Major  and  Brevet-Colonel  Joseph  C.  Clark,  Jr. 
(retired),  was  born  at  Mount  Holly,  New  Jersey,  No-  | 
vember  28,  1825.  He  was  graduated  at  the  United 
States  Military  Academy  in  the  Class  of  1848,  and  was 
assigned  as  brevet  second  lieutenant  to  the  Third  United 
States  Artillery  and  promoted  to  second  lieutenant 
Fourth  United  States  Artillery  January  6,  1849;  first 
lieutenant  of  the  same  regiment  December  11,  1850,  and 
captain  May  n,  1861.  He  was  assigned  to  duty  in  the 
Mathematical  Department  United  States  Military  Acad- 
emy August  28.  1849,  and  remained  on  this  duty  until 
August  28,  185  1,  when  relieved  at  his  own  request.  Was 
assigned  to  duty  as  assistant  United  States  Coast  Sur- 
vey,  1S54,  and  was  engaged  in  the  triangulation  of  the 
coast  of  Maine,  New  York  Harbor,  and  Hudson  River; 
in  the  survey  of  the  Florida  Reefs  and  Keys  and 
approaches  to  Charlotte  Harbor,  Florida.  Was  relieved 
from  this  duty  at  his  own  request,  1858.  At  the 
commencement  of  the  Rebellion  was  stationed  at  Camp 
Floyd,  afterwards  named  Camp  Crittenden,  Utah,  and  on 
the  withdrawal  of  the  troops  from  this  post  for  active 
service  in  the  field  was  left  in  command  of  Fort  Bridger. 
After  several  applications  for  active  service  he  was 
relieved  from  duty  at  Fort  Bridger  ami  took  command 
in  January,  1862,  of  Light  Battery  "  E,"  Fourth  United 
States  Artillery,  in  Lander's  division  in  West  Virginia. 
With  this  division,  under  General  Shields  in  the  Shenan- 
doah Valley,  took  active  part  in  the  first  Winchester 
battle  March  23,  1862,  and  Port  Republic  June  8  and  9. 
As  chief  of  artillery  Reno's  division  Ninth  Army  Corps 
took  active  part  in  the  battles  of  second  Bull  Run,  Kettle 
Run,  Chantilly,  and  South  Mountain,  and  at  Antietam 
had  his  horse  killed  under  him,  and  received  four  severe 
wounds  which    completely    disabled    him    from    further 


active  service.  Was  assigned  to  duty  at  the  United 
States  Military  Academy,  West  Point,  as  principal  assist- 
ant in  the  Philosophical  Department  August  29,  1863, 
and  remained  on  this  duty  until  February  21,  1870,  when 
he  was  relieved  under  the  Act  of  Congress  which  prohib- 
ited officers  on  the  retired  list  being  assigned  to  any 
military  duty.  He  was  retired  from  active  service  as 
captain  May  11,  1SO4,  and  as  major  July  28,  1866,  on 
account  of  wounds  received  in  line  of  duty.  Was 
appointed  deputy  governor  of  the  Soldiers'  Home, 
Washington,  1).  C,  1S75,  but  was  relieved  from  this 
duty  May  1,  1877,  on  his  own  application  on  account  of 
disability  resulting  from  wounds  received  at  Antietam. 
He  was  brevctted  major  for  gallant  and  meritorious  ser- 
vices in  the  campaign  of  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  Vir- 
ginia, June  9,  1862;  lieutenant-colonel  for  gallant  anil 
meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  Antietam,  Maryland, 
September  17,  1862,  and  colonel  for  gallant  and  meri- 
torious services  during  the  war  March  13,  1865. 


86 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NA  VY  {regular) 


MEDICAL   DIRECTOR   CHRISTOPHER 
BORNE,  M.D.,   U.S.N. 


IAMES  CLE- 


Christopher  James  Cleborne,  M.D.,  was  born  De- 
cember 16,  1  838, and  was  educated  abroad  at  the  Collegiate 
School  of  St.  James  and  the  Brunswick  Academy,  Bristol, 
England.  He  began  the  study  of  medicine  at  Edinburgh 
in  1856,  and  was  graduated  at  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania in  1860,  and  the  same  year  was  made  resident 
physician  of  the  Pennsylvania  Hospital  for  the  unexpired 
term  of  the  late  Dr.  Thomas  B.  Reed, — was  locum  tenens 
of  Drs.  Conrad  and  Lewis  of  that  hospital.  He  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences 
July  31,  i860,  and  in  1861  was  appointed  an  attending 
physician  of  the  Moyamensing  House  of  Industry. 

At  the  outbreak  of  the  Civil  War,  though  most  of  his 
family  joined  the  Confederacy,  he  entered  the  service  of 
the  United  States  as  assistant  surgeon  May  9,  1 861,  and 
was  attached  to  the  sloop-of-war  "Jamestown,"  North 
Atlantic  Squadron,  from  May,  1S61,  to  January,  1862, 
and  participated  in  the  destruction  of  the  "Alvarado," 
under  batteries  at  Fernandina,  August  5,  1861.  He  was 
ordered,  in  1862,  to  the  sloop-of-war  "  Dale,"  South  At- 
lantic Squadron,  and  was  in  expedition  to  Stono  River, 
engagements  on  South  Edisto,  and  saw  temporary  service 
with  Forty-fifth  Pennsylvania  Regiment  at  Otter  Island, 
South  Carolina,  1862  ;  ordered  to  gun-boat  "  Aroostook," 
West  Gulf  Squadron,  1S63;  in  operations  of  Mobile,  1863. 
He  was  commissioned  surgeon,  with  the  rank  of  lieuten- 
ant-commander, November  24,  1S63  ;  at  naval  rendezvous, 


Philadelphia,  1S64  ;  ordered  to  the  U.S.S.  "  Ticonderoga," 
South  Atlantic  Squadron,  and  coast  of  Brazil,  1864-65  ; 
present  at  both  battles  of  Fort  Fisher,  December,  1864, 
when  the  "  Ticonderoga,"  soon  after  going  into  action, 
lost,  by  the  bursting  of  her  Parrott-gun,  twenty-one  killed 
and  wounded  ;  present  at  the  bombardment  and  capture  of 
Fort  Fisher  January  1  5,  1865.  He  was  ordered,  as  judge- 
advocate  of  the  Naval  Retiring  Board,  to  Philadelphia 
in  [865  ;  attached  to  the  flag-ship  "  Rhode  Island,"  West 
India  Squadron,  in  1866,  and  in  charge  of  U.S.S.  "  Bien- 
ville" during  epidemic  of  yellow  fever  in  1S66;  judge- 
advocate  of  Naval  Retiring  Board,  1S67,  and  was  elected 
a  member  of  the  Conchological  Society  of  Philadelphia 
March  7,  1867;  attached  to  sloop-of-war  "Saratoga," 
1868-69;  flag-ship  "  Powhatan,"  1870;  a  member  of  the 
Naval  Medical  Examining  Board,  Philadelphia,  1870! 
ordered  to  Naval  Station,  League  Island,  1871  ;  elected 
a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania-  Historical  Society  Sep- 
tember 23,  1S72;  attached  to  sloops-of-war  "Juniata," 
"  Plymouth,"  "  Brooklyn,"  and  "  Congress,"  in  European 
Squadron,  1872-74;  ordered  to  navy-yard,  Portsmouth, 
New  Hampshire,  1875-78  ;  delegate  to  American  Medical 
Association  in  1876;  commissioned  medical  inspector, 
with  rank  of  commander,  January  6,  1878;  on  special 
duty  in  Portsmouth  from  November,  1878,  to  April,  1879; 
ordered  to  flag-ship  "  Tennessee,"  as  fleet-surgeon  of  the 
North  Atlantic  Squadron,  1879-8]  ;  attached  to  the  navy- 
yard,  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  1S81-84;  elected  a 
member  of  the  Historical  Society  of  Virginia  in  1883; 
memberof  Medical  Examining  Board,  Philadelphia,  1884 
-87  ;  appointed  one  of  the  vice-presidents  of  the  Inter- 
national Medical  Congress  June  4,  1886;  chairman  of 
the  Medical  Committee  of  the  Constitutional  Centennial 
in  18S7,  and  organized  the  Volunteer  Medical  Corps  of 
the  Centennial  in  September,  1887  ;  commissioned  medi- 
cal director,  with  the  rank  of  captain,  September,  1887; 
elected  president  of  the  Volunteer  Medical  Association  of 
Philadelphia  in  18S7  ;  director  of  Naval  Hospital,  Norfolk, 
Virginia,  January,  (888,  and  director  of  Naval  Hospital, 
Chelsea,  1891. 

Dr.  Cleborne  is  a  grandson  of  the  late  William  Cleborne, 
of  Derinsolla, — representative  of  the  Westmoreland  family 
of  that  name,  a  branch  of  which  was  settled  at  Roman- 
coke,  Virginia,  by  Secretary  William  Claiborne,  early  in 
the  seventeenth  century. 

The  present  station  of  Medical  Director  Cleborne  is  at 
Boston,  where  he  is  in  charge  of  the  Chelsea  Naval  Hos- 
pital, and  is,  ex  officio,  a  trustee  of  the  National  Sailors' 
Home  at  Quincy,  Massachusetts. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


87 


CAPTAIN   AND    ASSISTANT   QUARTERMASTER 
JOHN   LINCOLN  CLEM,  U.S.A. 

Captain  and  Assistant  Quartermaster  John  Lin- 
coln Clem  was  born  in  Newark,  Ohio,  August  13,  185  1. 
He  entered  the  volunteer  service,  at  the  breaking  out  of 
the  Rebellion,  as  a  drummer  in  May,  1861,  but  on 
account  of  his  youth  (not  ten  years  old)  was  not  enlisted, 
although  he  served  as  a  drummer  in  Company  C, 
Twenty-second  Michigan  Infantry  until  he  was  enlisted, 
May  1,  1863.  He  served  in  the  field  in  the  Army  of  the 
West ;  was  promoted  sergeant  of  Company  C,  Twenty- 
second  Michigan  Infantry  at  the  battle  of  Chickamauga, 
and  was  honorably  discharged  from  the  volunteer  service 
September  19,  1864. 

Captain  Clem  is  probably  the  youngest  soldier  on 
record,  and  began  active  service  when  about  eleven 
years  of  age.  Shortly  after  the  death  of  his  mother,  he 
offered  his  services  to  the  Third  Ohio  Regiment  as 
drummer,  but  was  rejected,  being  then  not  ten  years  of 
age.  He  afterwards  offered  himself  to  the  Twenty- 
second  Michigan  Regiment,  but  was  again  rejected.  He 
determined,  however,  to  cast  his  fortunes  with  the 
Twenty-second  Michigan,  and  April,  1862,  found  him 
beating  the  "  long-roll"  before  Shiloh,  where  his  bravery 
was  so  great  that  he  was  mustered  in,  and  was  known  as 
"Johnny  Shiloh."  But  it  was  on  the  23d  of  September, 
1863,  at  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  that  he  won  the 
name  which  will  live  long  after  he  has  passed  away. 
Here,  though  just  passed  his  twelfth  year,  he  had  laid 
aside  the  drum  for  the  musket,  and,  after  acting  for  a 
while  as  a  marker,  with  a  musket,  the  barrel  of  which 
had  been  cut  down  expressly  for  his  use,  he  took  his 
place  in  the  ranks.  As  the  day  closed  and  the  army 
retired  to  Chattanooga,  his  brigade  was  ordered  to  sur- 
render by  the  enemy,  and  "  Little  Johnny"  himself  was 
covered  by  the  sword  of  a  Confederate  colonel,  but 
quickly  bringing  his  gun  into  position  he  shot  the  Con- 
federate colonel.  His  regiment  was  then  fired  into,  and, 
falling  as  if  shot,  the  juvenile  soldier  laid  close  until 
dark-,  when  he  went  to  Chattanooga  and  joined  his  com- 
mand. For  his  bravery  he  was  made  a  sergeant  by 
General  Rosecrans,  and  attached  to  the  head-quarters  of 


the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  and  was  presented  with  a 
silver  medal  by  Miss  Kate  Chase,  a  daughter  of  the  chief 
justice.  He  was  afterwards  captured  and  held  prisoner 
for  sixty-three  days,  and  after  his  release  was  made 
orderly  sergeant  by  General  Thomas,  who  had  succeeded 
General  Rosecrans,  and  was  attached  to  his  staff.  At 
the  close  of  the  war  he  went  to  school  and  graduated  at 
the  Newark  High  School.  In  187 1  General  Grant,  in 
recognition  of  his  merits,  appointed  him  second  lieuten- 
ant of  the  Twenty-fourth  U.  S.  Infantry,  and  served  on 
signal  duty  at  Fort  Whipple,  Virginia,  during  the  years 
1872-73;  then  ordered  to  the  Artillery  School  at  Fort 
Monroe,  Virginia,  from  which  he  graduated  in  1875  ;  he 
was  after  this  detailed  as  Professor  of  Military  Science  at 
Galesville  University,  where  he  served  from  June  8,  1879, 
to  May  4,  1882. 

Joining  his  regiment  in  Texas,  he  remained  with  it 
until  appointed  a  captain  and  assistant  quartermaster 
and  ordered  to  Schuylkill  Arsenal,  Philadelphia,  Penn- 
sylvania, May  4,  1882,  where  he  remained  until  trans- 
ferred to  Fort  McHenry  in  1883.  In  1886  he  was 
assigned  to  duty  as  depot  quartermaster  at  Ogden,  L^tah, 
and  in  1888  removed  to  Columbus,  Ohio,  doing  duty  as 
depot  quartermaster  at  Columbus  Barracks,  his  present 
station. 


ss 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


COLONEL   DAVID    RAMSAY   CLENDENIN. 

Colonel  David  Ramsay  Clendenin  was  born  in  Lan- 
caster County,  Pennsylvania,  June  24,  1830,  his  family 
connection  embracing  the  names  of  Colonel  John  Steele 
and  David  Ramsay.  When  but  a  youth,  Colonel  Clen- 
denin  visited  Illinois  and  remained  to  complete  his  edu- 
cation at  Galesburg  Knox  College,  of  which  institution 
he  is  an  alumnus. 

In  the  summer  of  1861  he  raised  a  company  of  volun- 
teers for  the  Eighth  Illinois  Cavalry  (General  Farns- 
worth)  and  at  the  organization  of  the  regiment  at  St. 
Charles,  Illinois,  on  September  18,  1861,  he  was  made 
major  of  the  regiment.  For  the  next  four  years  the 
Eighth  Illinois  Cavalry  was  identified  with  the  Arm)'  of 
tlir  Potomac,  and  the  duties  peculiar  to  cavalry  brought 
them  into  scenes  of  danger  and  distress  and  gave  oppor- 
tunities of  heroism. 

lie  participated  in  the  fatigue  and  exposure  and  fight- 
ing of  the  Peninsula  campaign,  taking  his  share  of 
roughing  it.  At  the  battle  of  Upperville  he  had  two 
horses  shot  under  him.  At  one  time  (at  llaxall's  Land- 
ing), when  alone  with  an  orderly,  inspecting  pickets,  a 
bullet  from  a  rebel  picket  passed  through  his  hat,  the 
orderly  also  receiving  some  bullets  through  his  clothes. 
When  pushing  ahead  of  the  command  with  a  squadron 
of  the  Eighth  Illinois  and  a  squadron  of  the  Sixth 
Pennsylvania,  as  escort  to  the  engineer  officer,  he  cap- 
tured a  supply-train  of  the  enemy,  which  had  with  it 
negro  laborers,  which  he  sent  back  to  our  lines  as  con- 
traband of  war. 

General  Hooker,  in  command  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  before  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  in  the  spring 
of  1863,  when  the  army  was  in  front  of  Fredericksburg, 
ordered  him  to  take  three  days'  rations  and  make  a  raid 
with  his   men   along  the   fords   of  the  James    River  and 


break  up  the  contraband  trade  of  ammunition  and  sup- 
plies. He  was  gone  eleven  days,  and  captured  rebels 
and  trains,  three  times  as  man)-  men  as  under  his  com- 
mand, and  broke  up  the  trade. 

He  was  in  the  three-days'  fight  at  Fredericksburg,  at 
Coal  Harbor,  Kent  Court-House,  Cumberland,  White 
House,  Mechanicsville,  First  and  Second  Malvern  Hill, 
and  other  battles  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

Was  made  lieutenant-colonel  of  his  regiment  Decem- 
ber 5,  1862,  and  brevetted  colonel  of  volunteers  and 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers  for  meritorious  services 
during  the  war. 

Most  of  the  time  after  becoming  lieutenant-colonel  he 
was  in  command  of  his  regiment. 

In  the  summer  of  1864,  when  the  city  of  Washington 
was  threatened  and  so  nearly  captured  by  General  Jubal 
Earl)-,  Colonel  Clendenin  was  with  Major-General  Lew- 
Wallace  in  Maryland,  lighting,  with  the  six  companies  of 
his  regiment,  an  overwhelming  force  of  the  enemy  at 
fearful  odds,  delaying  the  progress  of  the  rebel  army 
until  the  Union  army  under  General  Grant,  at  Richmond, 
could  send  reinforcements  for  the  defence  of  Washing- 
ton. It  is  well  to  remember,  says  the  historian,  that  but 
for  the  gallant  stand  at  Monocacy,  Maryland,  the  arrival 
of  these  troops  would  have  been  too  late. 

In  the  book  "  Story  of  Washington,"  page  154,  we  find 
him  mentioned  as  follows:  "Colonel  Clendenin,  who,  as 
we  have  seen,  had  been  fighting  on  the  extreme  left, 
proved  himself  a  gallant  officer.  Finding  himself  cut  off 
from  the  main  bod)-,  he  threw  himself  into  the  little  vil- 
lage of  LTrbana,  where  he  repeatedly  repulsed  the  assaults 
of  the  enemy,  and  at  last,  by  a  bold  charge,  sabre  in 
hand,  cut  through  the  hostile  ranks,  capturing  the  battle- 
flag  of  the  Seventh  Virginia.  '  As  brave  a  cavalry  soldier 
as  ever  mounted  horse,'  said  his  commander,  in  his 
report  of  the  battle." 

After  the  surrender  of  General  Lee  and  the  cessation 
of  hostilities,  came  the  assassination  of  President  Lin- 
coln. The  Eighth  Illinois  Cavalry,  under  Colonel  Clen- 
denin, was  sent  out  as  one  of  the  search-parties  to  find 
the  assassin  Booth. 

Colonel  Clendenin  was  detailed  on  the  commission  to 
try  the  conspirators  at  Washington  in  1865,  and  was  a 
member  of  that  court. 

He  was  commissioned  major  of  the  United  States 
Cavalry  (Eighth)  on  January  22,  1867.  Lieutenant-col- 
onel of  the  Third  United  States  Cavalry  November  1, 
1882,  and  colonel  of  the  Second  United  States  Cavalry 
October  29,  1888. 

He  has  served  on  the  frontier  almost  unremittingly 
since  1867,  never  having  a  detail  except  to  harder  duty, 
and  never  shirking  the  duty  of  his  regular  work.  He 
was  retired  from  active  service  on  account  of  failing- 
health  April  20,  1 891. 


WHO   SERVED    IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


89 


COLONEL   HENRY   WHITNEY  CLOSSON,   U.S.A. 

Colonel  Henry  Whitney  Closson  (Fourth  Artil- 
lery) was  born  in  Whitingham,  Vermont,  June  6,  1832, 
and  graduated  from  the  Military  Academy  July  1,  1854. 
He  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  in  the  First  Artillery, 
and  his  first  service  was  at  Fort  Yuma,  California,  from 
1854  to  1855.  While  there  he  commanded  the  party 
which  escorted  Lieutenant  Michler  on  the  boundary 
survey  of  1855.  From  Yuma  he  went  to  San  Antonio, 
Texas,  in  1856;  from  there  to  Fort  Clark,  Texas.  The 
same  year  he  took  part  in  the  scout  to  the  head-waters  of 
the  Neuces,  against  the  Lipan  Indians,  April  10  to  20, 
1856,  and  was  engaged  in  the  pursuit  and  surprise  of 
three  parties  of  Lipans  August  20,  1856,  near  the  mouth 
of  the  Pecos  River. 

On  October  31  of  the  same  year  he  was  promoted  to 
first  lieutenant  in  the  First  Artillery,  and  served  the 
remainder  of  that  year  in  garrison  at  Baton  Rouge, 
Louisiana.  In  1857  he  served  against  the  Seminole 
Indians  of  Florida,  and  from  there  went  to  Fort  Adams, 
Rhode  Island,  where  he  remained  until  1859.  The  con- 
clusion of  that  year  saw  him  again  on  the  frontier  .it 
Fort  Clark  and  Fort  Duncan,  Texas,  and  Fort  Taylor, 
Florida,  until  1861.  He  was  offered  a  captaincy  in  the 
Nineteenth  Infantry  May  14,  1861,  which  was  declined, 
and  on  the  same  date  was  promoted  to  be  captain  in  his 
own  regiment.  He  participated  in  the  gallant  defence  of 
Fort  Pickens,  November,  1861,  and  January  and  May, 
[862,  distinguishing  himself  so  much  as  to  be  selected 
for  chief  of  artillery  for  the  district  of  Pensacola,  May 
16  to  December  24,  1862.  From  that  time  to  March  13, 
1863,  he  commanded  his  battery  at  Baton  Rouge.  He 
was  chief  of  artillery  of  General  Grover's  division  of  the 
Nineteenth  Army  Corps  in  the  Teche  campaign,  which 
lasted  from  March  to  August,  1863,  being  engaged  in 
the  following  actions:  Grand  Lake  Landing,  April  13; 
Irish  Bend,  April  14;  Vermilion  Bayou,  April  17,  and 
the  siege  of  Port  Hudson,  Ma}'  24  to  July  8.  He  was 
brevetted  major  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at 
the  capture  of  Port  Hudson.  He  was  appointed  chief 
of  artillery  Nineteenth  Corps  October  4,  1863,  and  served 
in  the  Red  River  campaign,  being  engaged  at  Sabine 
Cross-Roads  April  8,  1864;  Pleasant  Hill  April  9,  and 
Crane  River  Crossing  April  23  ;  was  chief  of  artillery  of 
the  Mobile  Expedition,  August,  1864,  and  participated  in 
the  siege  of  Fort  Gaines  and  Fort  Morgan,  and  for  gal- 
lant and  meritorious  services  at  the  latter  place  was 
brevetted  lieutenant-colonel.  November  1  of  the  same 
year  he  was  transferred  to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  as 
chief  of  artillery  and  ordnance  of  the  cavalry  corps  to 
December  31  ;  was  inspector  of  the  horse  artillery  bri- 
gade from  January  until  April,  1865.  At  the  disband- 
ment  of  the  armies  he  returned  to  the  command  of  his 


batten-,  at  Winchester,  Virginia,  July,  1865;  served  at 
Fort  McHenry,  Maryland,  July  to  October,  1S65;  Fort 
Schuyler,  New  York  harbor,  to  June,  1866;  Fort  Porter, 
New  York,  to  August,  1866,  and  on  recruiting  service, 
to  November  30,  1867.  Upon  return  to  regimental  duty 
he  was  stationed  at  Fort  Hamilton,  New  York,  until 
November  18,  1872.  From  there  he  went  to  Savannah, 
where  he  remained  until  November  30,  1S75  ;  then 
to  Plattsburg  Barracks,  New  York,  to  October,  1876. 
While  on  duty  here  Captain  Closson  was  ordered  to  the 
Southern  States  on  account  of  anticipated  difficulties 
growing  out  of  the  disputed  Presidential  election  of 
1876.  He  remained  on  this  duty  to  December,  1876. 
In  January,  1877,  he  was  ordered  to  Fort  Barrancas, 
Florida,  having  been  promoted  to  be  major  Fifth  Artil- 
lery November  1,  1876. 

He  remained  four  years  at  Barrancas,  and  went  in 
November,  1881,  to  Fort  Niagara,  where  he  was  stationed 
until  November,  1882.  He  then  moved  to  Fort  Wads- 
worth,  New  York,  where  he  remained  for  six  years,  the 
longest  tour  of  duty  at  one  post.  He  was  made  lieu- 
tenant-colonel Fifth  Artillery  September  14,  1 883,  and 
colonel  Fourth  Artillery  April  25,  1888.  This  trans- 
ferred him  to  Fort  Adams  in  May,  1888. 

The  regiment  moved  south  in  May,  1889,  and  Colonel 
Closson's  head-quarters  have  been  since  then  at  Fort 
McPherson,  Atlanta,  Georgia. 

January  5,  1890,  he  was  a  member  of  the  board  to 
examine  the  workings  of  the  Artillery  School  at  Fort 
Monroe,  Virginia,  and  September  9,  1890,  he  was  de- 
tailed upon  another  most  important  duty  as  member  of 
a  board  to  examine  and  report  upon  the  capabilities  of 
various  sites  for  gun-foundries  and  factories,  whereby  the 
heavy  steel  rifled-guns  can  be  made  to  put  us  upon  an 
equality,  to  say  the  least,  with  other  great  nations  of  the 
world. 


9° 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  JOHN   W.  CLOUS,  U.S.A. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  John  W.  Clous  (Deputy  Judge- 
Advocate-General)  was  born  in  Germany  June  9,  1837. 
He  entered  the  army  February  2,  1857,  serving  as  private, 
Company  K,  and  in  band,  Ninth  Infantry,  to  November 
5,  i860,  and  as  private  and  corporal,  Company  K,  and 
quartermaster-sergeant,  Sixtli  Infantry,  from  February  9, 
1 861,  to  December  7,  1862.  In  the  fall  of  1861  the  Sixth 
Infantry  was  assigned  to  General  Sykes's  command  of 
regulars  and  became  part  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 
Quartermaster-Sergeant  Clous's  "praiseworthy  conduct 
during  the  movement"  of  that  army  "  from  the  Chicka- 
hominy  to  the  James  River  and  his  cool  behavior  at  the 
battle  of  Malvern  Hill  in  the  performance  of  his  duties" 
resulted  in  his  being  recommended  for  appointment  as 
second  lieutenant  in  the  arm)-.  He  was  commissioned 
as  such  by  President  Lincoln  on  November  29,  1862,  and 
assigned  to  the  Sixth  Infantry.  He  was  on  duty  with 
his  regiment  dming  its  entire  service  in  the  field  with  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  participating  in  the  siege  of  York- 
town,  seven  days'  battles  in  June,  1862,  battles  of  Malvern 
Hill,  second  Bull  Run,  Antietam,  Fredericksburg,  Chan- 
cellorsville,  and  Gettysburg.  He  was  brevetted  first  lieu- 
tenant and  captain  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in 
the  battle  of  Gettysburg.  He  was  regimental  quarter- 
master from  February  1,  1864,  to  April,  1S65,  and  regi- 
mental adjutant  from  the  latter  date  to  March  28,  1867. 
He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant,  Sixth  Infantry,  March 
28,  1865. 

After  a  short  term  of  service  at  Savannah,  Georgia, 
and  Hilton  Head,  South  Carolina,  in  1865,  with  his 
regiment,  he  took  station  at  Charleston,  South  Carolina. 
While  at  this  place  Lieutenant  Clous,  in  addition  to  his 
duties  as  regimental  adjutant,  was,  in  March,  1S66,  detailed 


as  adjutant-general  of  the  Department  of  South  Carolina, 
continuing  in  that  capacity  upon  the  consolidation  of  the 
latter  with  the  Department  of  the  Carolinas  and  of  the 
South,  and  subsequently  into  the  Second  Military  Dis- 
trict,— of  all  of  which  Major-General  Daniel  F.  Sickles 
was  the  permanent  commander.  During  the  government 
and  reconstruction  of  the  States  of  North  and  South 
Carolina  by  this  general  officer,  Lieutenant  Clous  ren- 
dered most  valuable  and  efficient  services.  Having  been 
appointed  captain  in  the  Thirty-eighth  Infantry,  he  was, 
in  September,  1867,  at  his  own  request,  relieved  from 
duty  as  adjutant-general. 

In  March,  1868,  Captain  Clous  joined  his  company,  in 
the  Department  of  the  Missouri,  at  once  taking  the  field, 
escorting  the  construction  forces  of  the  Union  Pacific 
Railroad,  E.  D.(now  Kansas  Pacific).  In  October,  1868, 
he  was  detailed  as  an  acting  aide-de-camp  on  the  staff  of 
Major-General  Sheridan  during  the  latter's  winter  cam- 
paign against  the  Indians  of  the  Southwest.  Upon  his 
return,  in  March,  1869,  he  conducted  a  battalion  of  the 
Thirty-eighth  Infantry  from  Fort  Hays,  Kansas,  through 
the  Indian  country  to  Fort  Richardson,  Texas.  Being, 
through  consolidation,  transferred  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Infantry,  Captain  Clous  served  with  his  company  on  the 
frontier  of  Texas  at  Forts  Griffin,  McKavett,  and  Brown, 
taking  part,  in  1872,  as  acting  engineer-officer  in  General 
Mackenzie's  expedition  across  the  Staked  Plains,  and 
in  the  Indian  engagement  of  the  latter's  command  on 
September  29,  1872,  at  North  Fork  of  the  Red  River, 
Texas. 

For  gallant  conduct  in  that  engagement,  Captain  Clous 
was  specially  mentioned  in  General  Order  No.  99,  Head- 
quarters of  the  Arm)',  A.  G.  O.,  November  19,  1872  ;  at 
Fort  Brown — from  1873-77 — his  company  was  mounted, 
and  performed  scouting  duty  along  the  Rio  Grande 
during  the  border  disturbances. 

He  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  San  Antonio,  Texas. 
He  was  judge-advocate  in  many  important  trials  during 
his  service  in  Texas,  and  served  as  judge-advocate  of  the 
Department  of  Texas,  with  the  exception  of  a  short  inter- 
val, from  January,  1881,  to  August,  18S4.  In  April,  1886, 
upon  the  recommendation  of  Major-General  Hancock  and 
other  prominent  officers,  as  well  as  of  the  judges  and 
lawyers  of  the  bar  of  which  he  was  a  member,  he  was 
appointed  major  and  judge-advocate.  In  May,  1887,  he 
was  admitted  as  an  attorney  and  counsellor  of  the  Su- 
preme Court  of  the  United  States.  From  May,  1886,  to 
August,  1890,  he  served  in  Washington  as  the  assistant 
to  the  judge-advocate-general.  On  August  28,  1890,  he 
became,  by  assignment  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  professor 
of  law  of  U.  S.  Military  Academy,  West  Point,  New  York, 
where  he  is  now  serving.  On  February  12,  1892,  he  was 
promoted  lieutenant-colonel  and  deputy  judge-advocate- 
general  of  the  United  States  Army, 


ll'/fO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


9i 


MAJOR   EDWIN   M.  COATES,  U.S.A. 

Major  Edwin  M.  Coates  (Nineteenth  Infantry)  was 
born  in  New  York  City  January  29,  1836.  He  was  a 
member  of  Ellsworth  Chicago  Zouaves  in  1S60,  and  en- 
tered the  volunteer  service  as  first  lieutenant  of  the 
Eleventh  New  York  Zouaves,  Colonel  E.  E.  Ellsworth, 
April  20,  1 86 1,  but  the  regiment  was  not  mustered  into 
the  United  States  service  until  it  arrived  in  Washington 
May  7,  1 86 1.  He  was  with  the  regiment  in  the  advance 
of  the  army  on  Alexandria  May  24,  1861,  and  assisted 
in  taking  possession  of  the  Marshall  House  in  that  city, 
at  six  o'clock,  a.m.,  May  24,  with  a  squad  of  the  regi- 
ment, a  few  moments  after  the  shooting  of  Colonel  Ells- 
worth by  Jackson,  the  proprietor  of  the  house.  He 
accompanied  the  remains  of  Colonel  Ellsworth  to  his 
former  home  at  Mechanicsville,  New  York,  where  they 
were  interred. 

Lieutenant  Coates  resigned  his  volunteer  commission 
August  4.  [861,  and  entered  the  regular  service  as  second 
lieutenant  of  the  Second  Dragoons  August  5,  1861.  He 
was  transferred  to  the  Twelfth  Infantry  September  20, 
1S61,  and  joined  his  regiment  at  Fort  Hamilton,  New 
York  harbor,  where  he  served  as  battalion  quartermaster 
until  January,  1863,  when  he  joined  his  regiment  in  the 
field  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  at  Falmouth,  Vir- 
ginia, where  he  was  made  adjutant  of  the  first  battalion, 
Twelfth  Infantry,  He  served  in  the  field  with  his  regi- 
ment until  September,  1S64,  when  he  left  the  field  by 
being  disabled  from  the  fall  of  his  horse,  having  partici- 
pated in  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness  May,  1864,  and  the 
subsequent  campaign. 

He  was  then  ordered  on  recruiting  duty,  where  he  re- 
mained until  October,  1866,  when  he  joined  his  regiment 
at  Washington,  D.  C.  He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant 
October  24,  1861,  and  was  brevetted  a  captain  August  1, 
1864,  "for  gallant  services  in  the  battle  of  the  Wilder- 
ness, and  during  the  campaign  before  Richmond,  Vir- 
ginia." 

He  was  promoted  captain  April  4,  1865,  and  upon 
the  reorganization  of  the  army,  in  1866,  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  Thirtieth  Infantry.  He  left  with  his  regi- 
ment for  the  plains  in  January,    1867,  and  passed  the 


remainder  of  the  winter  in  camp  on  the  South  Platte 
River,  opposite  Fort  Sedgwick,  Colorado.  He  was 
afterwards  in  camp  along  the  line  of  the  Union  Pacific 
Railroad  during  its  construction,  and  at  Fort  D.  A.  Rus- 
sell and  Fort  Sanders,  Wyoming,  until  1871.  In  the 
mean  time  Captain  Coates  with  his  company  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  Fourth  Infantry  March  23,  1869,  upon  the 
consolidation  of  regiments.  The  station  of  his  regiment 
was  changed  to  Kentucky  in  1871,  and  in  1872  to  Little 
Rock,  Arkansas,  where  he  remained  until  May,  1873, 
when  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  California,  to  take 
part  in  the  Modoc  war  ;  but  upon  arriving  at  Omaha, 
the  necessity  no  longer  existed  for  additional  troops  on 
the  Pacific  coast,  and  Captain  Coates  was  sent  with  his 
company  to  Fort  Bridger.  He  served  subsequently  at 
Forts  Fetterman  and  Robinson,  and  was  in  the  field 
against  hostile  Sioux  Indians  in  the  early  part  of  1876. 
Afterwards  he  was  stationed  at  Fort  Fred  Steele  and 
Fort  Omaha,  and  was  changed  to  Fort  Sherman,  Idaho, 
in  July,  1886.  From  this  post  he  was  sent  to  Boise 
Barracks,  Idaho,  in  1890,  when  he  was  promoted  major 
of  the  Nineteenth  Infantry,  to  date  from  July  14,  and 
ordered  to  the  command  of  Fort  Mackinac,  Michigan, 
his  present  station. 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN  JOHN   NICHOLS  COE,  U.S.A. 

Captain  John  Nichols  Cue  (Twentieth  Infantry)  was 
born  in  Portland,  Maine,  July  21,  1836.  He  entered 
the  regular  service  as  private  of  Company  H,  First  Bat- 
talion Eleventh  U.  S.  Infantry,  and  was  subsequently 
appointed  corporal,  sergeant,  and  first  sergeant  of  the 
same  company.  On  the  14th  of  April,  1862,  he  was  made 
quartermaster-sergeant  of  the  Eleventh  Infantry,  which 
he  retained  until  April    1,  1865,  having  been  appointed 


second  lieutenant  of  the  Eleventh  Infantry  March  12. 
1865,  but  not  receiving  the  appointment  until  April.  He 
was  promoted  first  lieutenant  the  same  day  of  his  appoint- 
ment. 

Captain  Coe  served  with  his  regiment  in  the  field  with 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac  from  December,  1862,  to  the 
close  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  and  was  then  stationed 
with  his  regiment  in  Richmond,  Virginia,  from  May,  1865, 
to  January,  1867,  and  then  in  Louisiana  to  April,  1869. 
He  was  transferred  to  the  Twentieth  Infantry  September 
21,  1866,  upon  the  reorganization  of  the  army,  and  was 
promoted  captain  June  19,  1868. 

He  was  stationed  at  various  points  in  the  Indian 
country  (Dakota)  most  of  the  time  from  May,  1869,  to 
December,  1877.  His  regiment  was  then  transferred  to 
Texas,  along  the  Rio  Grande,  from  January,  1878,  to 
November,  iSSi.  He  then  had  two  years'  duty  at  Fort 
Leavenworth,  Kansas,  and  rejoined  his  regiment  at  Fort 
Supply,  Indian  Territory,  where  he  remained  until  May, 
1885,  when  his  regiment  was  ordered  to  Montana,  and 
he  took  station  at  Fort  Assinaboine,  where  he  has  been 
on  duty  to  the  present  time. 

Captain  Coe  was  adjutant  of  the  Second  Battalion  of 
the  Eleventh  Infantry  from  June  18,  1865,  to  October  4, 
1865,  when  he  was  made  quartermaster  of  the  Second 
Battalion,  which  he  retained  until  September  21,  1S66. 
On  the  6th  of  December,  1866,  he  was  appointed  regi- 
mental quartermaster  of  the  Eleventh  Infantry,  and  held 
that  position  until  promoted  captain. 


WHO   SERVED   FN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


93 


COMMANDER  GEORGE  W.  COFFIN,  U.S.N. 

Commander  George  W.  Coffin,  U.S.N.,  is  a  native  of 
Massachusetts,  and  was  appointed  from  that  State.  Me 
entered  the  Naval  Academy  in  September,  i860,  and 
graduated  in  1863,  during  the  height  of  the  Civil  War. 
He  was  promoted  to  ensign  on  (  (ctober  1,  1863.  While 
attached  to  the  steam-sloop  "  Ticonderoga,"  North 
Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron,  he  was  in  both  attacks 
upon  Fort  Fisher,  and  was  wounded  in  the  right  leg  by 
a  Minie-ball  during  the  land  assault  upon  that  strong- 
hold. After  the  end  of  the  Civil  War  he  served  in  the 
"  Shawmut,"  on  the  coast  of  Brazil.  Commissioned  as 
lieutenant  July  25,  1S66,  and  was  attached  to  the  steam- 
frigate  "  Franklin,"  of  the  European  Squadron,  in 
1867-68.  Was  commissioned  lieutenant-commander 
March  12,  1868.  Upon  his  return  from  the  luiropean 
station  he  performed  a  tour  of  duty  at  the  Naval  Acad- 
emy;  and  was  then,  in  1870-71,  chief  of  staff  of  the 
North  Atlantic  fleet.  He  was  next  attached  to  the  gun- 
nery ship  "  Constellation,"  1871-72,  and  was  then  at  the 
Naval  Academy  again,  1873-74.  Attached  to  the  "  Ply- 
mouth," North  Atlantic  Station,  1874-75  ;  and  the  "  Hart- 
ford," flag-ship  of  the  same  station,  in  1875-77.  Com- 
manded the  steamer  "  Hassler,"  on  the  Coast  Survey,  in 
1877-80.  Promoted  to  commander  in  November,  1878. 
Attached  to  Naval  Observatory,  1880-81.     On  duty  as 


light-house  inspector  from  1 88 1  to  1884,  and  on  ord- 
nance duty  at  the  New  York  Navy- Yard,  1884-86.  In 
command  of  the  "  Alert,"  on  the  Greely  Relief  Expedi- 
tion, in  1884.  Commanded  the  steam-sloop  "  Quinne- 
baug,"  of  the  Mediterranean  Squadron,  1886-87.  Light- 
house inspector  in  1S88-89,  and  appointed  secretary  of 
the  Light-House  Board  in  1889,  which  position  he  holds 
at  present. 


94 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


REAR-ADMIRAL  NAPOLEON  COLLINS,  U.S.N. 

Rear-Admiral  Napoleon  Collins  was  a  native  of 
Pennsylvania,  but  was  appointed  midshipman  from  Iowa 
January  2,  I S34 ;  promoted  to  passed  midshipman  July 
16,  1840;  commissioned  as  lieutenant  November  6,  1S46; 
sloop  "  Decatur,"  Home  Squadron,  1S46-49;  at  Tuspan 
and  Tabasco,  Mexican  War  ;  steamer  "  Michigan,"  on  the 
Lakes,  1850-53  ;  commanding  store-ship  "John  P.  Ken- 
nedy," North  Pacific  Expedition,  1853-54;  steam-frigate 
"Susquehanna,"  East  India  Squadron,  1S54-55  ;  navy- 
yard,  Mare  Island,  California,  1856-57;  sloop  "John 
Adams,"  Pacific  Squadron,  1857-58;  steamer  "Michi- 
gan," on  the  Lakes,  1858-60;  commanding  steamer 
"Anacostia,"  Potomac  Flotilla,  1861;  engagement  at 
Acquia  Creek,  May  31  and  June  1,  1861  ;  commanding 
gun-boat  "  Unadilla,"  South  Atlantic  Blockading  Squad- 
ron, 1861-62  ;  battle  of  Port  Royal,  November  7,  1862; 
various  expeditions  on  the  coasts  of  South  Carolina, 
Georgia,  and  Florida,  1861-62  ;  commissioned  as  com- 
mander July  16,  1S62  ;  commanding  steamer  "  Octoraro," 
West  India  Squadron,  1S62-63  ;  commanding  steam-sloop 


"  Wachusett,"  special  service,  1863-64.  On  the  7th 
October,  1S64,  Commander  Collins,  then  in  the  "  Wa- 
chusett," seized  the  rebel  steamer  "  Florida,"  lying  within 
the  harbor  of  Bahia,  Brazil ;  the  capture  was  effected 
without  loss  of  life.  Commissioned  as  captain  July  25, 
1866;  commanding  steam-sloop  "Sacramento,"  special 
service,  1867;  navy-yard,  Norfolk,  1S69-70;  commis- 
sioned as  commodore  1 871,  and  as  rear-admiral  1874. 
Died  in  1876. 

Commander  Collins's  seizure  of  the  "  Florida"  was 
a  peculiar  episode  of  the  Civil  War, — as  much  so 
as  Wilkes's  seizure  of  the  Southern  commissioners 
on  board  the  "  Trent."  Mr.  Seward  disavowed  the 
act,  and  insisted  upon  the  trial  of  Collins  by  court- 
martial. 

While  negotiations  were  proceeding  in  regard  to  her 
icturn  to  the  friendly  neutral  port  from  which  she  had 
been  taken,  she  was  run  down  by  a  steam-transport,  at 
night,  while  moored  at  Newport  News,  Virginia,  and 
sunk. 

Commodore  Collins  was  not  long  under  technical 
punishment  for  this  affair.  lie  had  the  moral  support  of 
the  service  and  of  the  country  at  large  ;  the  feeling  being 
that  so  dangerous  a  vessel  as  the  "  Florida"  must  be  dis- 
posed of  when  she  could  be  laid  hands  on,  even  at  the 
risk  of  international  complications. 

The  case  has  since  been  often  referred  to  by  writers  on 
such  subjects,  and  it  has  been  said  that  it  might  be 
brought  up  as  a  precedent  in  some  future  complication 
of  a  like  nature.  But  our  government  placed  itself 
rightly-  upon  record  by  the  arraignment  of  Collins,  and 
by  the  express  disavowal  of  his  act. 

The  Brazilian  government — the  party  really  aggrieved 
— was  satisfied  with  the  explanations  and  the  acts  of  our 
own  government,  and  so  the  matter  dropped.  If  the 
vessel  had  been  actually  delivered  in  the  port  of  Bahia, 
it  would  have  been  when  the  civil  war  was  near  its  end, 
and  she  would,  no  doubt,  have  been  held  by  the  Brazilian 
government  until  satisfactory  evidence  was  given  that  she 
would  not  be  used  against  a  friendly  state. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


95 


CAPTAIN   RICHARD   S.    COLLUM,    U.S.M.C. 

Captain  Richard  S.  Collum  was  born  in  Indiana 
and  appointed  from  that  State  to  the  U.  S.  Naval  Acad- 
emy as  acting  midshipman  September  20,  1854.  He 
resigned  after  remaining  there  about  two  years  and  a 
half.  When  the  Civil  War  occurred  he  applied  for  ser- 
vice, and  received  a  commission  as  second  lieutenant  in 
September,  1861.  He  served  in  the  "St.  Lawrence" 
frigate  from  September,  1 86 1,  to  May,  1863,  as  his  previous 
drill  had  rendered  him  an  effective  officer.  During  that 
service  he  was  at  St.  Simon's,  Georgia  ;  Port  Royal,  South 
Carolina;  the  engagement  with  the  Sewell's  Point  Bat- 
tery, and  the  Confederate  ram  "  Merrimac  ;"  the  bom- 
bardment of  Sewell's  Point  and  the  capture  of  Norfolk. 
He  was  afterwards  in  the  East  Gulf  Squadron,  and  in 
three  boat  expeditions  on  the  Florida  coast  and  in  In- 
dian River. 

He  was  commissioned  a  first  lieutenant  on  December 
30,  1862,  and  while  on  leave  of  absence,  in  July,  1863, 
volunteered  his  services  to  Governor  Morton,  of  Indiana, 
during  the  raid  of  the  Confederate  General  Morgan  to 
the  north  of  the  Ohio  River.  His  services  were  ac- 
cepted, and  he  was  placed  in  command  of  a  battalion  of 
provisional  troops.  Lieutenant  Collum  was  after  this 
stationed  at  Cairo  and  Mound  City,  and  attached  to  the 
Mississippi  Squadron  for  a  year.  During  that  period 
he  was  actively  engaged, — especially  in  expeditions  into 
Kentucky  in  pursuit  of  guerillas.  Afterwards  member  of 
a  commission  to  investigate  charges  against  certain  active 
rebel  sympathizers  at  Louisville,  Kentucky;  and  was 
attached  to  the  frigate  "  New  Ironsides"  from  August, 
1864,  to  April,  1865,  during  which  time  that  vessel  bore 
.1  prominent  part  in  the  two  attacks  upon  Fort  Fisher. 
He  served  at  the  Washington  Navy- Yard  next,  being  in 
temporary  command  at  the  barracks  during  the  confine- 
ment of  Paine  and  his  associate  conspirators.  From 
November,  1867,  to  December,  1S68,  he  was  in  command 
of  Marine  Barracks  at  Mound  City,  Illinois.  His  next 
service  was  on  board  the  "  Richmond"  in  the  Mediterra- 
nean Squadron,  from  1869  to  1871,  being  ordered  to  the 
Naval  Academy  upon  his  return  to  the  United  States. 

Commissioned  captain  in  March,  1872,  and  stationed 
at  the  marine  barracks,  Boston,  from  April,  1872,  to 
January,  1875.  During  this  tour  of  duty  Captain  Collum 
commanded  the  force  of  marines  at  the  great  fire  in 
Boston,  in  November,  1872,  and  had  charge  of  the  re- 
moval of  the  treasure  from  the  Sub-Treasury  to  the 
Custom-House,  which  was  speedily  and  successfully 
accomplished,  in  spite  of  the  circumstances,  without  the 
slightest  accident  or  loss. 

After  a  short  term  at  head-quarters,  upon  leaving  the 


Boston  Station,  Captain  Collum  was  made  fleet  marine- 
officer  of  the  Asiatic  Station  and  judge-advocate  of  the 
fleet,  by  special  appointment  of  the  Navy  Department. 
He  was  attached  to  the  flag-ship  "  Tennessee"  from  June, 
1875,  to  Juh-,  1878.  From  August,  1878,  to  November, 
1 88 1,  member  of  the  Board  of  Inspection.  From  1881 
to  1885,  attached  to  the  Marine  Barracks  at  League 
Island. 

In  April,  1885,  Captain  Collum  took  part  in  the  ex- 
pedition to  Panama.  On  the  night  of  the  withdrawal  of 
the  U.  S.  forces  from  the  city  and  the  occupation  of  the 
original  lines,  representations  were  made  to  the  com- 
manding officers  that  the  insurgents  were  much  excited  ; 
that  drunkenness  prevailed  to  an  alarming  extent,  and 
that  a  violation  of  the  armistice  was  in  contemplation. 
At  ten  p.m.  Captain  Collum  was  ordered  to  enter  the  city 
alone,  to  endeavor  to  ascertain  the  truth  of  the  report, 
and  this  most  dangerous  duty  he  successfully  performed. 
Soon  after  he  was  commissioned  captain  and  assistant 
quartermaster,  which  duty  is  performed  in  Philadelphia. 
Captain  Collum  is  the  author  of  "The  History  of  the 
U.  S.  Marine  Corps  ;"  and  the  articles  "  Dai  Nippon  ;" 
"  The  First  Englishman  in  Japan  ;"  "  Notes  on  Duties  in 
Camp  and  Garrison,  Transportation  of  Troops  by  Rail, 
and  Aid  to  Civil  Powers  ;"  and  "  Notes  on  Topography 
of  Isthmus  of  Panama."  He  has  also  lectured  on  the 
"Heathen  Chinee;"  "An  Historical  Sketch  of  Small- 
Arms  ;"  "  The  Story  of  a  Great  Crime," — delivered  before 
the  PTnited  Service  Club;  "The  American  Marines 
during  the  War  of  the  Revolution" — before  the  His- 
torical Society  ;  and  "  The  Aborigines  of  North  America 
and  their  Relation  to  Japan," — before  the  Numismatic 
and  Antiquarian  Society  of  Pennsylvania. 


96 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


BREVET  MAJOR-GENERAL  CYRUS  B.  COMSTOCK, 

U.S.A. 
Brevet  Major-General  Cyrus  B.  Comstock  was 
born  in  Massachusetts  ;  appointed  to  Military  Academy, 
from  Massachusetts  July  i,  1 85 1,  and  graduated  June, 
(855,  and  on  graduation  was  appointed  brevet  second 
lieutenant  U.  S.  Engineers;  served  as  assistant  engineer 
in  construction  of  Fort  Taylor,  Key  West  Harbor, 
Florida,  1855-56;  in  building  Fort  Carroll,  Patapsco 
River,  Maryland,  1856-59;  promoted  second  lieutenant 
of  Engineers  April  1,  1855.  In  1859  he  was  superin- 
tending engineer  in  construction  of  Fort  Carroll  ;  assist- 
ant professor  of  natural  and  experimental  philosophy 
September  9,  1859,  to  July  27,  1861  ;  July  I,  i860,  was 
promoted  fust  lieutenant  of  Engineers,  and  assistant 
engineer  in  the  construction  of  the  defences  of  Washing- 
ton, D.  C,  August,  [861,  to  March,  1862;  assistant  to  chief 
engineer  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  March  to  June, 
1862;  senior  engineer  on  staff  of  General  Sumner;  June- 
July,  1S62,  served  in  Virginia  Peninsula  campaign,  being 
engaged  in  reconnoissance  before  and  at  siege  of  York- 
town;  May  to  August,  1862,  was  senior  engineer  of 
defence  works,  making  reconnoissance,  and  in  various 
engineer  operations  on  the  advance  towards  Richmond 
and  change  of  base  towards  James  River;  served  in 
Maryland  campaign  (  Army  of  the  Potomac)  September  to 
November,  being  engaged  in  the  battle  of  South  Moun- 
tain September  14,  1862;  took  part  in  battle  of  Antietam 
September  17,  1862  ;  was  chief  engineer,  Army  of  the  Po- 
tomac, from  November  21,  1862,  to  March,  1863,  and 
served  in  the  Rappahannock'  campaign,  taking  part  in  the 
battles  of  Fredericksburg  and  Chancellorsville  ;  March  3, 
[863,  he  was  promoted  to  captain  of  Engineers;  served 
in  the  Department  of  Tennessee,  and  engaged  in  the  siege 
of  Vicksburg,  June   to  July,  1863,  for  gallant  and  meri- 


torious services  in  which  battle  he  was  brevetted  major, 
U.  S.  Army;  assistant  inspector-general  of  the  Military 
Division  of  Mississippi  from  November,  1863,  to  March, 
1864;  from  that  time  he  served  as  aide-de-camp  on  the 
staff  of  General  Grant,  with  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel, 
until  July,  1866;  took  part  in  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness 
Ma)'  5  and  6,  1864,  and  for  gallant  and  meritorious  ser- 
vices performed  was  brevetted  lieutenant-colonel ;  served 
at  the  battle  of  Spottsylvania  May  12,  1864;  battle  of 
Cold  Harbor  June  3,  1864;  assault  of  Petersburg  June 
16  and  18,  1S64,  and  of  the  Mine  July  3,  1864,  and  the 
assault  and  capture  of  Fort  Harrison  September  29,  1864. 
He  was  chief  engineer  of  expedition  to  Cape  Fear  River, 
North  Carolina,  in  January,  1865,  and  was  engaged  at 
the  assault  and  capture  of  Font  Fisher  June  15,  1865. 
He  was  made  brevet  colonel,  U.  S.  Army,  and  brevet 
brigadier-general,  U.  S.  Volunteers,  for  gallant  and  meri- 
torious services  performed  at  capture  of  Fort  Fisher; 
was  senior  officer  on  staff  of  General  Canby  in  the  Mobile 
campaign,  taking  part  in  the  siege  of  Spanish  Fort,  March 
2~  to  April  8,  1865,  and  storming  of  Blakely  April  9, 
1865.  He  was  brevetted  brigadier-general,  U.  S.  Army, 
March  13,  1865,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in 
the  Mobile  campaign,  and  bncvetted  major-general,  U.  S. 
Volunteers,  March  26,  for  faithful  and  meritorious  services 
during  the  campaign  against  the  city  of  Mobile  and  its 
defences.  December  28,  1865,  was  promoted  to  major 
of  Engineers;  served  as  aide-de-camp,  with  rank  of  colo- 
nel, to  general-in-chief,  at  Washington,  from  July  26  to 
May  3,  1870;  was  superintending  engineer  of  Geodetic 
Survey  of  the  North  and  Northwestern  Lakes,  May  20 
to  Jul)-,  1874;  January,  1874,  to  June,  1877,  and  June, 
187S,  until  completion  in  1882.  In  Jul)-,  [874,  he  was 
sent  to  Europe  to  examine  the  improvement  of  deltas  of 
great  rivers.  Commencing  in  April,  1875,  he  was  for 
two  years  superintending  engineer  to  examine  the  prog- 
ress of  Ead's  jetties  at  the  mouth  of  the  Mississippi  • 
July  17,  1881,  was  made  lieutenant-colonel  of  Engineers. 
General  Comstock,  since  1871,  has  served  as  a  member 
of  the  Engineer  Board,  and  on  Board  on  bridging  the 
channels  between  Lake  Huron  and  Lake  Erie ;  on  im- 
provement of  Buffalo  harbor  ;  improvement  of  mouth 
of  Mississippi  ;  on  Cleveland  Breakwater  ;  of  Board  of 
Engineers  for  Fortifications,  and  River  and  Harbor  Im- 
provements. Since  1  886  he  has  had  charge  of  Fort  at 
Willett's  Point,  commanded  Engineer  Battalion,  in  charge 
of  Engineer  School  of  Application  atWillet's  Point;  was 
superintending  engineer  of  repairs  of  Font  Schuyler  May, 
[886,  to  April,  1N87.  In  1888  he  was  detailed  as  divi- 
sion engineer  for  inspecting  the  engineer  works  in  the 
Southeastern  Tei'ritoiy  of  the  U.  S.  He  was  made  colo- 
nel of  Engineens  April  7,  1888.  General  Comstock  is  a 
member  of  the  National  Academy  of  Sciences,  and  author 
of  "  Report  on  Primary  Triangulation." 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


97 


CAPTAIN  JOHN  CONLINE,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Captain  John  Conline  was  bom  at  Rutland,  Vermont, 
January  i,  1846,  and  entered  the  volunteer  service  at  the 
breaking  out  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  as  a  private  of 
Company  E,  First  Vermont  Infantry,  May  2,  1861,  from 
which  he  was  discharged  August  15,  1861.  On  Septem- 
ber 5,  1 86 1,  he  again  entered  the  service  as  a  private  of 
Company  E,  Fourth  Vermont  Infantry,  and  participated 
in  the  various  operations  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
being  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Big  Bethel,  Virginia,  June 
10,  1 861  ;  siege  of  Yorktown,  Virginia,  from  April  5  to 
May  4,  1862;  action  at  Lee's  Mills,  Virginia;  battle  of 
Williamsburg,  Virginia  ;  action  of  Garnett's  Hill,  or  Gold- 
ing's  Farm,  Virginia ;  battles  of  Savage  Station,  White- 
Oak  Swamp,  Malvern  Hill,  South  Mountain,  Antietam, 
Fredericksburg,  Marye's  Heights,  action  at  Salem  Heights 
and  battle  of  Salem  Church,  and  action  at  Franklin's 
Crossing.  He  was  one  of  twenty  volunteers  who  went 
across  the  Rappahannock  River  in  the  first  boat,  under 
fire,  before  the  bridge  was  completed,  in  the  last  action 
mentioned,  June  5,  1863;  and  subsequently  participated 
in  the  battles  of  Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania,  July  1-3,  and 
Funkstown  Bridge,  Maryland,  July  10,  1863. 

He  accompanied  the  Vermont  troops  sent  in  August, 
1863,  to  preserve  order  in  the  city  of  New  York,  where 
he  was  appointed  a  cadet  at  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy 
by  President  Lincoln,  on  the  recommendation  of  the 
Secretary  of  War,  for  gallant  and  exemplary  conduct  as 
a  private  soldier  in  the  Sixth  Corps,  Army  of  the  Poto- 
mac. 

Graduating  June  15,  1870,  he  was  appointed  a  sec- 
ond lieutenant  of  the  Ninth  Cavalry.  On  returning 
to  duty  from  his  graduating  leave,  he  was  on  frontier 
duty  at  Forts  Stockton,  McKavett,  and  Concho,  Texas, 
to  August  23,  1874,  when  he  was  appointed  engineer- 
officer  of  the  second  column  of  the  Indian  Territory  ex- 
pedition, remaining  as  such  to  November  27,  1874,  and 
on  temporary  duty  at  Head-quarters  Department  of 
Texas  to  February  1,  1875. 

After  serving  in  Texas  and  Colorado  to  April  3,  1877, 
at  Forts  Clark  and  Garland,  and  having  in  the  mean  time 
been  promoted  first  lieutenant  of  the  Ninth  Cavalry,  Jan- 
uary 27,  1876,  he  was  placed  in  charge  of  the  expedition 
to  preserve  order  among  Southern  Utes  at  Parrott  City, 
Colorado,  to  November,  1876,  and  at  Los  Pinos  Agency, 
Uncompagre  Utes,  for  a  similar  purpose  from  April  3  to 
June  16,  1877. 

Lieutenant  Conline  was  then  stationed  at  Fort  Bayard, 
New  Mexico,  to  October  10,  1877,  when  he  was  granted 
a  sick-leave  of  absence  to  August  20,  1S78,  and  was  then 
stationed  successively  at  Fort  Selden,  Ojo  Caliente,  and 
Fort  Union,  New  Mexico,  performing  various  staff  duties 
at  each.  Being  transferred  to  Troop  A,  Ninth  Cavalry, 
'3 


July  2^,,  1879,  he  was  placed  in  command  of  it  at  Fort 
Stanton,  and  was  in  the  field  on  Indian  expeditions  two 
hundred  and  seventy  days  in  one  year.  He  also  com- 
manded A  and  G  Troops  on  scouting  expeditions  during 
part  of  1880,  and,  with  Company  C,  Fifteenth  Infantry 
added  to  his  command,  he  had  charge  of  three  hundred 
and  eighty-four  Indians  at  South  Fork,  New  Mexico,  in 
1 880. 

The  lieutenant  was  in  an  engagement  with  hostile 
Indians  in  Alamo  Canon,  Sacramento  Mountains,  New 
Mexico,  Sunday,  February  2S,  1880;  he  captured  and 
burned  their  camp,  all  equipage  and  provisions,  and 
captured  all  their  stock, — twenty-one  horses  and  mules. 
He  was  also  in  the  engagement  with  Victorio's  band  of 
hostile  Indians,  in  Mimbrillo  Canon,  San  Andreas  Moun- 
tains, on  the  afternoon  of  April  5,  1880,  which  lasted  two 
hours,  the  Indians  being  defeated.  After  the  campaign 
was  ended  he  went  on  sick-leave  of  absence,  May  1,  1881, 
by  authority  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  and  remained  until 
July,  1885,  when  he  rejoined  at  Fort  Robinson,  Nebraska, 
serving  there  to  June  17,  1887. 

He  was  promoted  captain  of  Troop  C  February  11, 
1887,  and,  after  a  three  months'  leave  of  absence,  joined 
his  troop  at  Fort  Robinson,  Nebraska,  from  which  sta- 
tion he  was  changed  to  Fort  Du  Chesne,  June  5,  1888, 
marching  six  hundred  and  fifty-six  miles,  from  which 
post  he  was  retired,  for  disability  in  the  line  of  duty, 
February  25,  1891. 

Captain  Conline  was  recommended  for  the  brevet  of 
major,  for  gallantry  in  action  with  hostile  Indians,  April 
7,  1880,  during  the  Victorio  war.  He  has  also  received 
numerous  letters  and  orders  of  commendation  from  his 
superior  officers  for  ability  and  gallant  conduct  in  en- 
gagements with  hostile  Indians.  The  captain's  present 
residence  is  Detroit,  Michigan. 


98 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN  CASPER  HAUZF.R  CONRAD.   U.S.A. 

Captain  Casper  Hauzer  Conrad  (Fifteenth  Infantry) 
was  born  near  the  city  of  Kingston,  Ulster  County,  New- 
York,  March  30,  [844.  I  le  enlisted  in  the  One  Hundred 
and  Twentieth  New  York  Volunteers  August  18,  1862, 
and  participated  in  all  the  battles  and  marches  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac  from  November,  1862,  up  to  the 
battle  of  Gettysburg.  He  was  slightly  disabled  at  the 
battle  of  Fredericksburg,  Virginia,  and  while  on  the 
march  to  Gettysburg  was  sun-struck  and  sent  to  Fair- 
fax Seminar)'  Hospital;  there  he  was  found  unlit  for 
field-service  and  was  transferred  to  the  Veteran  Re- 
serve Corps.  He  was  nearly  two  years  recovering  from 
disability. 

When,  during  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville,  "  a  cor- 
poral of  his  regiment  was  severely  wounded  and  would 
have  been  left  on  the  field,  he  comprehended  the  situation, 
ami,  amid  a  storm  of  bullets,  caught  a  riderless  horse, 
threw  the  wounded  man  over  the  saddle,  and  succeeded 
in  carrying  him  beyond  range  of  the  enemy."  In  April, 
1S64,  he  was  detailed  as  clerk  on  duty  at  the  head- 
quarters of  the  district  department  of  Washington,  in 
connection  with  the  provost-marshal's  office.     In  June, 


1S65,  he  was  detailed  for  duty  at  the  office  of  the  Fxec- 
utive  Mansion,  and  while  there  was  discharged  June  19, 
iS65,and  appointed  executive  clerk  to  President  John- 
son, remaining  in  that  position  until  April  13,  1867,  when 
he  was  commissioned  first  lieutenant  in  the  Thirty-fifth 
L".  S.  Infantry.  He  reported  for  duty  with  Company  I, 
fuly  [867,  and  commanded  the  company  till  April,  1869. 
He  was  then  stationed  at  different  posts  in  Texas. 

At  the  consolidation  of  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Fifteenth 
Regiments  he  became  first  lieutenant  of  the  latter  regi- 
ment, and  marched  with  it  to  New  Mexico,  arriving 
September,  iS'hj.  He  was  stationed  at  Fort  Stanton 
in  command  of  company,  and  also  as  acting  assistant 
quartermaster  and  acting  commissary  sergeant  till  Feb- 
ruary, 1871,  when  he  was  ordered  on  recruiting  service; 
then  stationed  at  Dayton,  Marietta,  Ohio,  and  Newport 
Barracks,  Kentucky,  where  he  remained  as  depot  quar- 
termaster, acting  commissar\-  sergeant  and  adjutant  till 
April,  1873,  when  he  was  ordered  to  his  regiment.  From 
the  time  of  rejoining  until  he  received  his  captaincy  in 
January,  1875,  he  was  on  duty  as  acting  assistant  quar- 
termaster and  acting  commissary  sergeant  at  different 
posts  in  New  Mexico,  lie  was  promoted  to  Company 
C,  and  stationed  with  it  at  different  posts  in  New 
Mexico  until  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Colorado,  at 
which  time  he  was  absent  on  sick-leave. 

While  in  command  of  Company  C  at  Mescularo  Indian 
Agency,  New  Mexico,  in  December,  1  SSo,  the  regimental 
commander  issued  General  ( )rder,  No.  13,  complimenting 
Captain  Conrad  and  his  command  for  gallant  and  sol- 
dierly conduct  in  an  engagement  with  hostile  Indians 
December  2,  I  880. 

In  November,  1882,  he  was  ordered  to  Fort  Randall, 
South  Dakota,  where  he  remained  for  nearly  nine  years, 
having  been  stationed  with  his  company  for  one  month 
in  1887  at  Fort  Sully,  guarding  the  post  during  inter- 
change of  regiments.  Captain  Conrad  commanded  Fort 
Randall  at  different  times,  ranging  from  a  month  to  nine 
months  at  a  time,  and  was  sent  also  at  different  times  as 
special  inspector  of  Indian  agencies  and  distribution  of 
annuity  goods.  He  left  Fort  Randall  for  Fort  Sheridan, 
Illinois,  in  May,  1891. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


99 


CAPTAIN  AUGUSTUS   P.  COOKE,   U.S.N. 

Captain  Augustus  P.  Cooke  was  born  in  Coopers- 
town,  New  York,  February  10,  1836;  appointed  to 
the  Naval  Academy  in  1852,  and  graduated  in  1856. 
During  his  first  sea-service,  in  the  Home  Squadron,  he 
participated  in  the  capture  of  Walker,  the  filibuster,  at 
Greytown,  Nicaragua.  In  1859  he  received  his  warrant 
as  passed  midshipman,  and  made  a  cruise  on  the  coast 
of  Africa,  in  the  "San  Jacinto,"  assisting  in  the  capture 
oi  several  slavers.  He  was  commissioned  lieutenant  in 
i860.  When  the  Rebellion  occurred,  the  ship,  then  under 
the  command  of  Captain  Wilkes,  returned  to  the  United 
States,  capturing,  on  the  way,  the  rebel  commissioners, 
Mason  and  Slidell. 

In  January,  1862,  as  executive-officer  of  the  "  Pinola," 
captured  the  blockade-runner  "  Cora,"  and  then  the 
"  Pinola"  proceeded  to  join  Farragut's  squadron.  Lieu- 
tenant Cooke  was  several  times  under  fire  in  the  "  Pinola" 
while  that  vessel  was  assisting  in  breaking  the  chain  bar- 
riers which  obstructed  the  Mississippi,  and  was  present 
at  the  bombardment  and  passage  of  Forts  Jackson  and 
St.  Philip,  the  destruction  of  the  rebel  flotilla,  and  the 
capture  of  New  Orleans.  He  was  also  present  at  the 
first  bombardment  of  Vicksburg;  the  passage  of  the 
batteries  there,  and  the  engagement  with  the  rebel  ram 
"  Arkansas." 

In  August,  1862,  he  was  made  lieutenant-commander, 
and  ordered  to  command  a  vessel  in  Buchanan's  flotilla, 
to  operate,  in  conjunction  with  the  army,  in  the  Bayou 
Teche.  In  January,  1863,  he  went  up  the  Teche,  sup- 
porting General  Weitzel's  brigade,  and  assisted  in  the 
destruction  of  the  enemy's  gun-boat  "  Cotton."  Here 
Lieutenant-Commander  Buchanan  was  killed,  and  the 
command  of  the  flotilla  devolved  upon  Lieutenant-Com- 
mander Cooke. 

During  the  Red  River  expedition,  in  1863,  he  crossed 
troops  over  Berwick  Bay  and  transported  General  Gra- 
ver's division  through  Grand  Lake  and  landed  it  at 
Indian  Bend,  under  fire,  without  accident.  Next  morn- 
ing, at  daylight,  the  flotilla  under  Cooke  was  attacked  by 
the  "  Queen  of  the  West"  and  another  gun-boat  armed 
with  rifled  cannon,  and  with  sharp-shooters  behind  cot- 
ton-bales. Cooke  very  promptly  went  to  meet  them,  and 
his  shells  soon  set  fire  to  the  cotton-bales  of  the  "  Queen 
of  the  West,"  which  was  soon  in  flames,  with  her  people- 
leaping  overboard  to  escape  death  from  fire.  Her  con- 
sort, seeing  this,  turned,  and,  having  superior  speed  and 
lighter  draft  than  Cooke's  vessels,  escaped.  The  officers 
and  ninety  men  of  the  "Queen  of  the  West"  were 
picked  up.  About  twenty  were  lost.  There  were  no 
casualties  in  the  flotilla. 

His  next  operation  was  the  capture  of  Butte  a  la  Rose, 
on  the  Atchafalaya,  driving  off  the  supporting  gun-boat, 
and  taking  the  garrison,  with  a  large  quantity  of  stores 


and  ammunition,  clearing  the  Atchafalaya  from  the  Gulf 
to  the  Red  River  ;  and  by  this  route  he  proceeded  to 
join  Admiral  Farragut,  then  at  the  mouth  of  Red  River. 
General  Banks  made  special  acknowledgment  to  Lieu- 
tenant-Commander Cooke  for  his  success  in  these  opera- 
tions. 

His  next  service  was  in  the  Red  River,  with  Porter's 
il.  el  ;  followed,  in  the  winter  of  1863-64,  by  blockading 
Matagorda  Bay  and  the  coast  of  Texas. 

In  July,  1S64,  he  was  detached  from  duty  in  the  Gulf, 
and  ordered  to  the  Naval  Academy  ;  serving  in  the  prac- 
tice ships  "  Marion"  and  "Savannah."  In  May,  1867,  he 
was  ordered  as  navigator  of  the  steam-frigate  "  Frank- 
lin," Captain  Pennock,  which  went  to  Europe  as  Admiral 
Farragut's  flag-ship.  This  was  a  remarkable  and  inter- 
esting cruise,  from  the  attentions  shown  the  admiral  in 
every  country  he  visited,  especially  in  Russia  and  Sweden. 
In  October,  1S68,  he  was  detached  from  the  "  Franklin," 
and  ordered  as  executive-officer  of  the  "  Ticonderoga," 
on  the  same  station.  Upon  his  return  home  he  was,  in 
1869,  appointed  head  of  the  department  of  ordnance  at 
the  Naval  Academy,  and  published  a  text-book  on  gun- 
nery, long  used  by  the  cadets. 

Lieutenant-Commander  Cooke  was  commissioned  com- 
mander in  1870.  Served  at  the  Torpedo  Station  and 
in  command  of  torpedo-boat  "  Intrepid,"  and  afterwards 
the  "  Alarm."  Later  he  commanded  the  steamer  "  Swa- 
tara."  He  was  made  captain  in  1881,  while  stationed  at 
Mare  Island,  California,  and  commanded  the  "  Lacka- 
wanna," on  the  Pacific  Station,  in  1884-85.  He  next 
served  at  the  navy-yard,  Brooklyn,  in  command  of  the 
"  Vermont,"  and  afterwards  as  captain  of  the  yard.  In 
188S  he  took  command  of  the  "  Franklin,"  at  Norfolk. 
In  1890  he  was  relieved  and  ordered  to  New  York  as 
President  of  the  Board  of  Inspection  of  Merchant 
Vessels. 


L0F& 


1 00 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  {regular) 


COMMANDER  PHILIP   H.  COOPER.  U.S.N. 

Commander  Philip  II.  Cooper  is  a  native  of  New 
York,  and  was  appointed  to  the  Naval  Academy  from 
that  State  in  September,  i860.  The  exigencies  of  the 
service  at  that  period  caused  him  to  be  sent  forth 
from  the  Academy  with  his  class,  and  with  the  rank  of 
ensign,   May  28,   1863.     He   saw  war  service    at    once, 


being  attached  to  the  steam-sloop  "  Richmond,"  of  the 
West  Gulf  Blockading  Squadron,  up  to  1865.  He  then 
served  under  the  successive  commands  of  Admirals 
Farragut  and  Thatcher,  and  participated  in  all  the  opera- 
tions connected  with  the  battle  of  Mobile  Bay,  August  5, 
1S64;  the  reduction  of  the  forts  at  the  entrance,  and, 
later,  the  defences  of  the  city  of  Mobile. 

He  was  promoted  to  master  November,  1865  ;  made 
a  cruise  in  the  "  Powhatan,"  South  Pacific  Squadron, 
1865-67;  during  the  cruise  was  commissioned  as  lieu- 
tenant November  10,  1866;  served  at  the  Naval  Academy 
1867-69  ;  commissioned  as  lieutenant-commander  March 
12,  1 868;  made  a  special  cruise  in  the  frigate  "  Sabine" 
in  1869;  served  in  the  T.  and  N.  surveying  expedition  in 
1S70-71  ;  was  then  again  stationed  at  the  Naval  Academy 
from  1872  to  1874;  ordered  to  the  Torpedo  Station 
during  1875,  ar,d  was  then  stationed  at  the  Experimental 
Batteryat  Annapolis  through  1876.  During  1877-79116 
was  on  duty  at  the  Coast  Survey  Office.  He  was  pro- 
moted to  commander  November,  1879,  and  was  upon 
special  navigation  duty  up  to  1 SS t . 

Since  then  Commander  Cooper's  service  has  been  in 
the  regular  order  of  detail  by  the  Navy  Department, 
including  two  periods  of  command  of  a  vessel  on  the 
Asiatic  Station. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


101 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  HENRY  CLARK  CORBIN, 
U.S.A. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Henry  Clark  Cokbin  (Adju- 
tant-General's Department)  was  born  September  15, 
1842,  in  Monroe  Township,  Clermont  County,  Ohio. 
1 1  is  father's  name  was  Shadrach  Corbin,  and  his  mother's 
Mary  Ann.  His  father  was  of  English  descent.  His 
parents  were  born  in  Ohio,  and  grandparents  and  great- 
grandparents  were  born  in  the  State  of  Virginia,  where 
man_\-  of  the  descendants  yet  reside.  He  attended  the 
common  schools  of  the  neighborhood  until  fourteen  years 
of  age,  when  he  entered  Parker's  Academy,  situated  in 
the  southern  part  of  the  count}-  of  his  birth.  In  i860 
young  Corbin  taught  district  school  near  Olive  Branch, 
Ohio,  and  the  following  year  at  Newtown,  Hamilton 
County,  Ohio.  In  the  mean  time  he  studied  law  under  the 
direction  of  Hon.  Philip  B.  Swing,  of  Batavia.  In  response 
to  President  Lincoln's  second  call  for  volunteers,  he  entered 
the  service  in  the  Eighty-third  Ohio  Infantry.  In  July, 
1S62,  he  was  transferred  to  the  Seventy-ninth  Ohio  as 
a  second  lieutenant,  and  went  with  the  regiment  on  its 
march  and  campaigns  through  Kentucky,  serving  with  it 
until  the  13th  of  November,  1803,  mi  which  day  he  re- 
signed, to  enable  him  to  accept  the  appointment  oi  major 
in  the  Fourteenth  U.  S.  Colored  Infantry,  which  regiment 
he  joined  at  Gallatin,  Tennessee,  the  following  day,  and 
assisted  in  its  organization.  On  the  4th  of  March,  1864, 
he  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  same  regiment, 
and  on  the  23d  of  September  was  raised  to  the  rank  of 
colonel.  Six  months  later  he  was  brcvetted  brigadier- 
general.  Colonel  Corbin  participated  with  the  regiment 
in  all  its  marches,  campaigns,  and  engagements,  and  was 
engaged  in  the  battles  of  Pulaski,  Decatur,  and  Nashville. 
He  was  made  major  by  brevet  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  in  action  at  Decatur,  Alabama,  and  lieutenant- 
colonel  by  brevet  for  similar  services  in  the  battle  ol 
Nashville,  Tennessee.  He  was  the  first  man  in  the  State 
of  Ohio  to  receive  and  accept  a  field-officer's  position  in 
a  colored  regiment.  He  was  mustered  out  ot  the  volun- 
teer service  March  26,  1866,  and  was  appointed  a  second 
lieutenant  in  the  Seventeenth  U.  S.  Infantry,  which  regi- 
ment he  joined  at  Fort  Gratiot,  Michigan,  while  the 
Fenian  troubles  were  being  settled.  In  September  of  the 
same  year  he  went  to  Independence,  Missouri,  and  par- 
ticipated in  settling  the  troubles  incident  to  enforcing  the 
registration  law  in  that  State.  After  this  he  was  ordered 
to  Texas.  In  the  mean  time  he  had  been  appointed  and 
confirmed  as  a  captain  of  the  Thirty-eighth  Infantry, 
about  to  be  organized  at  Jefferson  Barracks,  Missouri, 
to  which  station  he  immediately  repaired,  and  until  May 
of  1867  he  was  engaged  in  its  organization.  The  latter 
part  of  May  he  joined  his  company  at  Fort  Hays,  Kan- 
sas. The  command  was  there  subjected  to  the  cholera 
scourge,   Colonel  Corbin  losing  twenty  per  cent,  of  his 


company  by  the  malady.  During  all  the  summer  of  1867 
he  was  engaged  in  guarding  the  overland  stage,  earning 
the  United  States  mail,  from  attacks  of  hostile  Indians. 
Alter  the  Indian  troubles  in  the  Smoky  Hill  country  were 
settled,  he  went,  in  command  of  a  detachment  of  his  regi- 
ment, across  the  plain  over  the  old  Santa  Fe  trail,  and 
took  station  at  Fort  Craig,  New  Mexico,  where  he  was 
engaged  in  scouting,  and  protecting  the  citizens  from  a 
roving  band  of  hostile  Apaches.  In  the  spring  of  1868 
he  marched  with  his  company  to  Fort  Bayard,  New 
Mexico,  and  there  engaged  in  like  service  until  October, 
1869,  when  he  was  given  command  of  his  regiment  and 
ordered  to  march  to  Fort  Davis,  Texas,  where  it  was 
consolidated  with  the  Forty-first  Infantry,  and  thereafter 
was  known  as  the  Twenty-fourth  U.  S.  Infantry.  He 
then  served  at  several  posts  in  that  State,  and  commanded 
Ringgold  Barracks  until  the  autumn  of  1876,  when  he  was 
detailed  on  recruiting  service,  and  ordered  to  Columbus 
Barracks,  Ohio.  On  the  2d  of  March,  1877,011  invitation 
of  President-elect  Hayes,  he  accompanied  him  to  Wash- 
ington. After  his  inauguration  he  was  detailed  for  duty  at 
the  Executive  Mansion.  In  August  of  that  year  he  was 
appointed  secretary  of  what  was  known  as  the  Sitting  Bull 
Commission,  which  was  appointed  to  treat  with  the  hostile 
Sioux  Indians,  then  refugees  in  the  British  Dominion.  Re- 
turning, he  resumed  duty  in  the  city  of  Washington,  where 
he  remained  until  his  appointment  as  assistant  adjutant- 
general  on  the  1 6th  of  June,  1880.  September,  i88i,was 
ordered  to  the  Department  of  the  South,  and  in  Septem- 
ber, 1883,  he  was  transferred  to  the  Division  of  the  Mis- 
souri, where  he  remained  to  1891 ,  and  then  changed  to  the 
Department  of  Arizona.  During  the  celebration  at  York- 
town  Colonel  Corbin  was  made  secretary  of  the  Joint  Con- 
gressional Committee,  and  by  that  committee  made  master 
of  ceremonies.  He  was  with  General  Garfield  when  he 
was  assassinated,  and  was  present  at  his  death. 


102 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (regular) 


COMMANDER  CHARLES  STANHOPE  COTTON,  U.S.N. 

Commander  Cotton  was  born  at  Milwaukee,  Wiscon- 
sin, February  15,  1S43,  and  appointed  acting  midship- 
man, at  the  Naval  Academy,  from  that  State,  September, 
1858.  The  crisis  of  1 86 1  advanced  the  older  midship- 
men very  rapidly,  and  in  May  of  that  year  Commander 
Cotton  was  ordered  to  the  frigate  "St.  Lawrence,"  which 
captured  the  privateer  "  Petrel"  a  few  days  afterwards, 
and  he  was  sent  to  Philadelphia  on  duty  in  connection 
with  the  trial  of  the  prisoners  captured  on  that  occasion. 
Then  he  served  on  board  the  frigate  "Minnesota,"  flag- 
ship, and,  as  a  midshipman,  commanded  the  quarter- 
deck battery,  comprising  eight  VI II  inch  guns  during 
the  Monitor-Merrimac  action. 

Commander  Cotton  was  promoted  to  ensign  November 
1  1 ,  1N62,  and  was  attached  to  the  steam -sloop  "Iroquois," 
off  Wilmington,  North  Carolina,  and  to  the  steam-sloop 
"Oneida,"  of  the  West  Gulf  Blockading  Squadron,  with  a 
few  weeks'  service  on  the  "  I  lartford"  and  "  Kineo,"  up  to 
August,  1865.  He  was  promoted  lieutenant  February 
22,  1864,  six  years  after  his  appointment  as  acting  mid- 
shipman. 

He  served  on  board  the  "Oneida"  during  the  bat- 
tle of  Mobile  Bay,  and  the  subsequent  operations,  up 
to  the  surrender  of  Fort  Morgan.  From  November, 
1S65,  to  May,  [869,  he  was  attached  to  the  steam-sloop 
"Shenandoah"  during  a  most  interesting  cruise  which 
embraced  South  America,  Africa,  India,  and  China.  For 
eight  months  of  this  cruise  he  was  navigator  as  well 
as  watch-officer,  lie  was  promoted  to  lieutenant-com- 
mander July,  1866,  was  on  duty  at  the  Naval  Academy 
and  at  the  Kittery  Navy- Yard  up  to  1S71.  In  April  of 
that  year  he  joined  the  frigate  "Tennessee,"  which  car- 
ried out  the  San  Domingo  commissioners,  whose  object 
was  to  examine  into  and  report  upon  the  contemplated 


project  of  securing  the  use  of  Samana  Bay  for  a  coaling 
station  for  the  United  States  Navy.  For  a  period  after 
this  service  he  was  attached  to  the  "Ticonderoga"  as 
executive-officer,  on  the  Brazil  Station.  Afterwards  on 
duty  at  Kittery  Navy-Yard,  and  under  torpedo  instruc- 
tion at  Newport,  up  to  September,  1S76.  He  was  then 
stationed  at  Norfolk,  Virginia,  as  the  executive-officer  of 
the  "Worcester,"  and  from  October,  1876,  to  July,  1880, 
was  attached  to  the  New  York  Navy- Yard. 

Promoted  commander  April  25,  1877,  commanding 
" Monocacy,"  Asiatic  Station,  from  September,  18S0,  to 
September,  1  S S 3 ,  except  during  June  and  July,  I SS I , 
when  he  commanded  the  "Alert"  on  the  same  station. 
The  "Monocacy"  made  several  interesting  visits  to 
Corea,  skirting  the  whole  coast  and  entering  several 
ports  for  the  purpose  of  showing  our  flag  and  cultiva- 
ting cordial  relations.  At  one  time  the  "  Monocacy" 
was  (summer  of  1 882)  the  only  foreign  ship-of-war  present 
in  Corean  waters,  during  a  crisis  in  the  strained  relations 
between  Corea,  Japan,  and  China.  Her  commander 
managed  to  maintain  cordial  relations  and  intercourse 
with  the  representatives  of  all  three  countries,  and,  as  a 
mark'  of  confidence  and  of  esteem  for  the  United  States, 
he  was  furnished  with  a  copy  of  the  treat}-  between  the 
three  powers  within  an  hour  of  its  receipt  from  Seoul 
by  the  representative  of  one  of  them. 

In  the  spring  of  1883  Commander  Cotton  conveyed 
to  Corea  our  minister,  Mr.  L.  II.  Foote,  and  the  mem- 
bers of  the  legation,  and  accompanied  them  to  Seoul, 
the  capital,  where  ratifications  of  the  treaty  between 
Corea1  and  the  United  States  were  formally  exchanged, 
and  the  foreign  delegation  was  received  in  state  by  the 
king.  This  was  the  first  occasion  upon  which  foreign- 
ers were  presented  to  or  received  by  his  Majesty.  The 
party  were  also  entertained  at  a  state  dinner  by  the 
Minister  of  Foreign  Affairs, — the  first  ever  given  by  the 
Coreans  in  foreign  style,  with  imported  china,  glass,  and 
wines,  and  with  the  use  of  table-cloth,  napkins,  knives 
and  folks,  and  so  forth.  These  events  will  always  be 
remembered  as  marking  an  important  era  in  the  inter- 
course with  that  remote  country.  The  "Monocacy"  was 
the  first  ship  to  salute  the  national  flag  of  Corea,  adopted 
prior  to  the  ratification  of  the  treat)-.  In  the  summer  of 
1883  Commander  Cotton  conveyed  from  Corea  to  Japan, 
in  route  to  the  United  States,  the  first  embassy  accredited 
by  Corea  to  a  foreign  power  other  than  Asiatic. 

These  statements  are  chiefly  of  interest  as  marking 
the  origin  of  a  new  era  for  the  "  Hermit  Kingdom,"  and 
her  emergence  from  the  shell  of  seclusion  and  isolation, 
and  entrance  into  the  great  brotherhood  of  nations. 
Commander  Cotton  has  since  been  inspector  of  ordnance, 
light-house  inspector ;  and  is  at  present  in  command  oi 
the  U.  S.  S.  "Mohican,"  Pacific  Station.  Commanded 
five  vessels  in  the  Bering  Sea,  summer  of  1891. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


103 


CAPTAIN   DAVID  J.   CRAIGIE,   U.S.A. 

Captain  David  J.  Craigie  (Twelfth  Infantry)  was 
born  at  Broomieside,  Fifeshire,  Scotland,  December  6, 
1840.  Entered  volunteer  service  from  Oskaloosa,  Ma- 
haska County,  Iowa,  as  first  lieutenant  Company  II, 
Eighth  Iowa  Infantry,  September  12,  186 1.  Honorably 
mustered  out  volunteer  regiment  and  appointed  captain 
and  assistant  adjutant-general  July,  [864.  Served  in  the 
field,  etc.,  on  the  staff  of  Generals  Curtis,  Davies,  Mit- 
chell, and  others  until  close  of  war  of  the  Rebellion;  was 
honorably  mustered  out  of  service  September,  1S65. 

Volunteer  service :  Participated  in  the  Springfield, 
Missouri,  campaign,  fall  of  1861,  under  Generals  McKin- 
stry  and  Steele:  thence  to  Pittsburgh  Landing,  Tennes- 
see River,  March,  1862;  with  regiment  battle  of  Shiloh, 
Tennessee,  6th  and  7th  of  April,  1S62,  commanding  com- 
pany ;  severely  wounded,  captured  by  enemy.  Lay  on 
battle  field  until  evening  of  the  7th  April  ;  rejoined  regi- 
ment August  same  year  near  Corinth,  Mississippi;  was 
appointed  aide-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  Brigadier-General 
Thomas  A.  Davies,  commanding  second  division  Army 
of  the  Tennessee.  Participated  in  the  campaign  battles 
and  skirmishes  at  and  near  Corinth  and  Iuka,  Missis- 
sippi, fall  of  1862,  and  in  pursuit  of  enemy  after  battle  of 
Corinth,  3d  and  4th  of  October,  1S62.  Thence  to  Col- 
umbus, Kentucky,  and  Rolla,  Missouri,  on  staff-duty 
until  January,  1864,  and  March,  1S65  ;  serving  at  Fort 
Leavenworth,  Kansas,  at  the  close  of  the  war  and  there 
mustered  out. 

Commissioned  second  lieutenant  Twelfth  Infantry  U.  S. 
Army  May,  1866.  Appointed  adjutant  first  battalion 
ami  regimental  adjutant  September  ami  December,  same 
year.  Served  in  Washington,  D.  C,  with  regiment  until 
April,  1  869,  a  portion  of  the  time  as  assistant  to  Adjutant- 
General  Garrison,  of  Washington;  thence  to  Pacific  coast 
with  regiment,  serving  on  that  coast  at  several  stations  in 
California,  Nevada,  and  Arizona  until  June,  1879,  when 
ordered  to  Washington,  D.  C. ;  assistant  to  Colonel  R.  N. 
Scott  in  preparation  of  Rebellion  records  of  1861-65, 
until  March,  1 88 1  ;  rejoined  company  in  Arizona  April, 
1 88 1.  Thence  to  Plattsburg  and  Madison  Barracks, 
New  York,  till  1887,  when  regiment  moved  to  Dakota 
Station,  Fort  Yates,  North  Dakota.  Commanded  com- 
pany on  Sitting  Bull  Sioux  campaign  winter  of  1890-91  ; 
ordered  to  Fort  Leavenworth  with  company  March,  1891. 

Promotion  in  regular  army:  First  lieutenant,  October, 
1867;  captain,  December  16,  18S0. 

Brevet  rank  :  First  lieutenant  II.  S.  Army  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  Tennes- 
see, 6th  and  7th  April,  1862.  Captain  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  Iuka,  Mississippi, 
September,  1862. 

Honorable  mention :  In  records  of  the  Rebellion   in 


reports  on  battle  of  Shiloh,  Tennessee,  Volume  X.,  bat- 
tles ol  Iuka  and  Corinth,  and  in  field- orders  of  division 
department  and  battalion  commander,  Sitting  Pull  Sioux 
campaign  North  and  South  Dakota,  winter  of  1890-91, 
Port  Yates  battalion. 

Staff-service  in  volunteers:  Aide-de-camp  from  Sep- 
tember, 1S62,  to  Jul)T,  1S64  ;  assistant  adjutant- general 
July,   [864,  to  September,  1865. 

Staff  appointments  and  staff  services,  etc.,  in  the  LT.  S. 
Army:  Adjutant  First  Battalion  and  regimental  adjutant 
September  and  December  1,  1866,  to  November,  1869; 
regimental  quartermaster  March  1,  1 871,  to  January  31, 
1876;  depot  quartermaster  and  commanding  Yuma 
quartermaster  depot,  Arizona,  June,  1870,  to  August, 
1 87 1 ,  and  from  November,  1S7S,  to  April,  1879;  com- 
manding post,  Fort  Ilalleck,  Nevada,  June  to  October, 
1877  ;  commanding  company  and  post,  Whipple  Banks, 
Arizona,  April,  1879,  to  June,  1879;  thence  to  Washing- 
ton, D.  C,  War  Department  Rebellion  records,  to  April, 
1 88 1 ;  rejoined  company  same  month.  Fort  Grant,  Arizona. 

Patties,  skirmishes,  etc.,  in  which  engaged  :  Skirmish 
crossing  Osage  River,  Missouri,  October,  i86i,and  near 
Springfield,  Missouri,  November,  186 1  ;  skirmish  again 
near  Sedalia,  Missouri,  November,  1861 ;  battle  of 
Shiloh,  April  6  and  7,  1862  ,  skirmish  near  Danville,  Mis- 
sissippi, September,  1862;  battle  of  Iuka,  Mississippi, 
September,  1862  ;  skirmish  again  near  Rienzi,  Mississippi, 
same  month,  1862  ;  battle  of  Corinth,  Mississippi,  3d  and 
4th  October,  1862;  skirmish  near  Davis's  Mills,  Hatchee 
River,  Mississippi,  October,  1862;  again  near  "Bone 
Yard,"  Mississippi,  October,  1862;  skirmish  near  Bul- 
lock's Farm,  Kentucky,  December,  1862;  again  near 
same  place,  January,  1S63;  skirmish  with  bushwhackers 
at  James's  Mills,  near  Rolla,  Missouri,  August,  1863  ; 
skirmish  near  Weston,  Missouri,  October,  1864;  again 
near  Blue  River,  Kansas,  November,  1864. 


104 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (regular) 


CoMMANDHR  T.   A.  M.  CRAVEN,  U.S.N,  (deceased). 

Commander  Tunis  Augustus  Macdonough  Craven 
was  born  in  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  and  perished 
in  the  iron-clad  "  Tecumseh,"  of  which  vessel  he  was  in 
command,  and  which  was  sunk  by  a  torpedo  during  the 
passage  of  Farragut's  fleet  into  Mobile  Bay,  on  the  5th 
of  August,  18(14.  He  was  appointed  midshipman  from 
New  York  in  1829;  became  a  lieutenant  in  1S41;  and 
commander  in  April,  1861.  At  the  time  of  his  death  he 
had  seen  twenty  years  of  naval  sea-service,  beside  eight 
years  on  the  coast  survey,  and  was  a  most  excellent  and 
reliable,  as  well  as  a  gallant  officer. 

At  the  outbreak  of  the  Civil  War  he  was  in  command 
of  the  steamer  "  Mohawk,"  in  the  Home  Squadron  ;  from 
which  vessel  he  was  transferred  to  the  command  of  the 
steam-sloop  "  Tuscarora  ;"  and  in  1864,  to  the  command 
of  the   monitor   "  Tecumseh,"   employed   in    the   James 


River  against  Howletts'  and  other  batteries,  and  the  Con- 
federate iron-clads  from  Richmond.  He  sunk  in  the 
main  channel,  at  Trent's  Reach,  four  hulks  filled  with 
'-tciie,  and  completed  other  obstructions  there. 

He  was  afterwards  ordered  down  to  Farragut,  in  the 
Gulf,  and  by  great  exertion  got  there  in  time.  When  the 
fleet  went  in,  under  the  fire  of  Fort  Morgan,  and  at  a 
critical  moment,  the  "  Tecumseh"  was  struck  by  a  tor- 
pedo, ami  almost  instantly  went  down.  The  "  Brooklyn" 
stopped  her  engines,  but  Farragut  ordered  her  to  proceed 
in  line,  and  hailed  Jouett,  in  the  "  Metacomet,"  to  drop  a 
boat  and  save  the  few  people  seen  struggling  in  the 
water.  Acting  Ensign  Nields  went  in  the  boat  and  the 
fleet  passed  on.  Within  three  hundred  yards  of  the  great 
fort,  amidst  pouring  shot  and  shell,  he  picked  up  the  sur- 
vivors. One  of  the  "  Tecumseh's"  boats,  which  floated, 
saved  seven  ;  and  four  swam  on  shore  and  were  made 
prisoners. 

Acting  Masters  Cottiell  and  Langley,  who  were  among 
the  saved,  reported  that,  when  the  torpedo  exploded,  and 
blew  a  large  hole  in  the  bottom,  and  the  vessel  being 
instantly  in  a  sinking  condition,  the  order  was  passed  to 
leave  quarters  and  all  to  save  themselves,  if  they  could. 
"  Commander  Craven  was  in  the  pilot-house  when  the 
torpedo  exploded,  but  his  chivalric  spirit  caused  him  to 
lose  his  life.  We  know  from  the  reports  of  the  officers 
saved  that  he  insisted  on  the  pilots  taking  precedence 
in  descending  the  ladder.  They  both  reached  the  turret, 
but  as  the  pilot  passed  through  the  port-hole  the  vessel 
keeled  over  and  went  down,  taking  with  her  as  gallant 
an  officer  as  there  was  in  the  American  navy.  One 
moment  more  and  his  life  would  have  been  saved 
to  adorn  the  list  of  officers  of  which  he  was  so  bright  a 
member.  No  more  chivalrous  event  occurred  during 
the  four  years'  conflict.  The  example  shown  by  Craven 
should  be  chronicled  in  every  story  of  the  war." 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CI  VIE    WAR. 


105 


MAJOR-GENERAL   GEORGE   CROOK,   U.S.A. 

(deceased). 

Major-General  George  Crook  was  born  in  Ohio, 
and  graduated  at  the  Military  Academy  in  the  Class 
of  1852.  He  was  promoted  brevet  second  lieutenant 
of  the  Fourth  Infantry,  and  was  in  garrison  at  Fort 
Columbus,  New  York,  until  his  regiment  sailed  for 
California,  when  he  accompanied  it,  and  was  stationed  at 
Benicia,  Humboldt,  and  Jones  until  1857,  participating  in 
the  escort  of  Topographical  Party,  1S55  ;  Rogue  River 
Expedition,  1856;  and  in  command  of  Pitt  River  Expe- 
dition, 1857,  being  engaged  in  a  skirmish,  where  he  was 
wounded  with  an  arrow.  From  FortTerwaw  he  marched 
to  Vancouver  in  1858,  and  participated  in  the  Yakima 
Expedition  of  that  year. 

He  was  promoted  second  lieutenant  Fourth  Infantry 
July  7,  1853;  first  lieutenant  March  ti,  iS_:;6,and  captain 
May  14,  1861.  Returning  from  the  Pacific  coast  in  1861, 
he  was  appointed  colonel  of  the  Thirty-sixth  Ohio  In- 
fantry September  12,  1 86 1 ,  and  participated  in  the  West 
Virginia  operations  in  the  early  part  of  the  war  of  the 
Rebellion,  and  commanded  the  Third  Provisional  Brigade 
from  May  I  to  August  15,  1S62,  participating  in  the 
action  of  Lewisburg,  where  he  was  wounded  ;  in  the 
Northern  Virginia  campaign  ;  in  the  Maryland  cam- 
paign with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  being  engaged  in 
the  battles  of  South  Mountain  and  Antietam,  1862.  He 
was  appointed  brigadier- general  of  volunteers  Septem- 
ber 7,  1862,  and  continued  to  operate  with  his  command 
in  West  Virginia  until  February,  1863,  when  he  was 
ordered  to  the  Western  army,  and  was  in  command  of 
an  independent  division  at  Carthage,  Tennessee,  until 
June  of  the  same  year,  and  subsequently  participated  in 
the  Tennessee  campaign  of  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland. 
He  was  placed  in  command  of  Second  Cavalry  Divi- 
sion Jul)-  1,  1863,  and  was  engaged  at  Hoover's  Gap 
Chickamauga  ;  action  at  foot  of  Cumberland  Mountains, 
McMinnville,  and  Farmington,  and  almost  daily  skir- 
mishes. 

General  Crook  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the 
Kanawha  District,  West  Virginia,  in  February,  1864,  and 
was  engaged  in  numerous  raids  and  actions  until  the 
following  July,  when  he  was  assigned  to  the  command  of 
the  troops  of  the  Department  of  West  Virginia,  and  par- 
ticipated in  several  actions.  He  was  in  command  of  the 
Department  of  West  Virginia,  and  participated  in  General 
Sheridan's  Shenandoah  campaign  of  1864,  being  engaged 
in  the  action  of  Berry  ville,  battles  of  Opequan  and  Fisher's 
Hill,  action  of  Strasburg,  and  battle  of  Cedar  Creek.  He 
was  appointed  major-general  of  volunteers  October  21, 
1864,  and  was  serving  with  his  command  in  West  Vir- 
ginia when  he  was  captured  at  Cumberland,  Maryland, 
February  21,  1865,  Returning  to  duty,  he  was  placed 
in  command  of  the  cavalry  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 


March  26,  1865,  and  held  that  command  until  the  sur- 
render of  Lee,  being  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Dinwidclie 
Court-House,  action  of  Jetersville,  battle  of  Sailor's 
Creek,  combat  of  Farmville,  and  capitulation  of  Appo- 
mattox Court-House.  He  was  then  placed  in  command 
of  the  District  of  Wilmington,  North  Carolina,  where  he 
remained  until  January  15,  1866,  when  he  was  mustered 
out  of  the  volunteer  service. 

General  Crook  had  conferred  upon  him,  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  and  distinguished  services,  the  following 
brevets  in  the  regular  army  :  Major,  for  Lewisburg, 
Virginia;  lieutenant-colonel,  for  Antietam;  colonel,  for 
Farmington  ;  brigadier-general,  for  the  campaign  of  1864 
in  West  Virginia  ;  major-general,  for  Fisher's  Hill.  He 
was  also  brevctted  major-general  of  volunteers  for 
"  gallant  and  distinguished  services  in  West  Virginia." 
He  became  major  of  the  Third  U.  S.  Infantry  July  18, 
1866,  and  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Twenty-third  Infantry 
July  28,  1866,  and  was  on  a  Board  to  Examine  Rifle 
Tactics  at  Washington,  D.  C,  and  then  awaiting  orders 
until  the  following  November,  when  he  was  placed  in 
command  of  the  District  of  Boise,  Idaho. 

He  was  appointed  brigadier-general  U.  S.  A.  Octo- 
ber 29,  1873,  and  major-general  U.  S.  A.  April  6,  18SS. 
He  commanded  the  Department  of  the  Platte  on  two 
different  occasions,  also  the  Department  of  Arizona 
and  the  Military  Division  of  the  Missouri,  and,  while 
holding  the  latter  command,  died  suddenly  at  Chicago, 
Illinois,  April  5,  i8<jO. 

While  in  command  of  the  Departments  of  the  Platte 
and  Arizona,  General  Crook  commanded  the  expe- 
dition against  Sitting  Bull  and  the  hostile  Sioux  in  the 
summer  of  1876.  In  1889  he  was  one  of  the  commis- 
sioners appointed  by  the  President  of  the  United  States 
to  treat  with  the  Indians  on  the  subject  of  opening  their 
lands  to  settlement. 


io5 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NA  FY  {regular) 


REAR-ADMIRAL  PEIRCF.   CROSBY.   U.S.N,   (retired). 

Rear-Admiral  Peirce  Crosby  was  born  in  Delaware 
County,  Pennsylvania,  and  appointed  midshipman  from 
that  State  in  June,  1838.  Served  in  the"  Ohio,"  74,  flag- 
ship in  the  Mediterranean  ;  then  in  the  "  Experiment,"  and 
the  steamer  "  Mississippi."  I  le  then  went  to  the  Mediter- 
ranean again,  in  the  "Congress,"  was  transferred  to  the 
"  Preble,"  and  came  home,  in  1843,  to  go  to  the  Naval 
School  at  Philadelphia.  Passed  midshipman  in  1844.  For 
two  years  he  was  on  the  Coast  Survey,  and  then,  during 
the  Mexican  War,  in  the  "  Decatur,"  at  the  attack  and 
capture  of  Tuspan  and  Tabasco,  and  in  the  "  Petrel"  until 
the  peace.  Served  in  the  "  Relief "  in  1849-50,  carry- 
ing stores  to  the  Mediterranean  and  west  coast  of 
Africa. 

Commissioned  lieutenant  in  September',  1S5  3,  and  made 
a  long  cruise  on  the  coast  of  Brazil,  in  the  "  German- 
town."  He  then  made  another  cruise  in  the  Gulf, — 
part  of  the  time  under  Captain  Fafragut.  While  at- 
tached to  the  receiving-ship  at  Philadelphia,  the  Civil 
War  began.  Crosby  was  at  once  actively  employed, 
in  Chesapeake  Bay,  keeping  open  communications,  and 
cutting  off  supplies  and  communications.  He  was  then 
ordered  to  the  frigate  "  Cumberland,"  and  detailed  for 
duty  on  shore,  at  Fortress  Monroe.  Transported  the 
troops  at  Hampton  Creek  before  and  after  the  fight  at 
Big  Bethel.  His  services  in  the  landing  during  the  at- 
tack upon  Forts  Clarke  and  Hatteras  were  remarkable 
in  the  face  df  bad  weather.  Lieutenant  Crosby's  advice 
enabled  the  handful  of  troops  left  on  the  beach,  when  the 
squadron  was  driven  to  sea,  to  make  such  a  show  that 
their  critical  condition  was  not  discovered  by  the  enemy. 


He  was  especially  mentioned  for  his  conduct  on  this 
occasion.  In  the  winter  of  1861  he  took  command  of 
the  "  Pinola,"  one  of  the  new  steam  gun-vessels.  In 
the  "  Pinola"  he  joined  Admiral  Farragut,  in  the  spring 
of  1862.  On  his  way  he  captured  a  cotton  prize, 
and  sent  her  north.  He  commanded  the  "  Pinola"  on 
the  memorable  night  when  she  co-operated  with  the 
"  Jtasca"  in  cutting  the  chain  barrier  of  the  Mississippi. 
The  "  Itasca"  slipped  the  end  of  the  cable  on  the  oppo- 
site shore  from  Fort  Jackson,  but  in  doing  so  ran  hard 
aground.  By  Crosby's  exertions  she  was  rescued  from 
this  position  before  daylight.  The  "  Pinola"  had  to  blow 
up  the  vessels  holding  the  chains,  directly  under  the 
guns  of  the  fort.  Three  different  attempts  were  made, 
under  fire  of  the  fort,  but  each  time  something  went 
wrong  with  the  wires.  At  last  Lieutenant  Crosby  found 
that  a  way  was  opened,  sufficient  for  the  fleet  to  pass, 
and  so  reported.  Lieutenant  Crosby  was  engaged  at 
the  passage  of  the  forts,  the  Chalmette  batteries,  and 
the  capture  of  New  (  hicans.  He  was  also  at  the  pas- 
sage and  repassage  of  the  batteries  at  Vicksburg,  and 
the  engagement  with  the  "Arkansas."  In  the  fall  of 
1862,  he  was  ordered  north  to  command  the  iron-clad 
"Sangamon."  Promoted  commander  September,  1862. 
He  was  soon  detached  from  "  Sangamon"  and  made 
fleet- captain,  North  Atlantic  Squadron,  under  Admiral 
Lee.  Commanded  an  expedition  up  the  York  River, 
co-operating  with  General  Dix. 

In  command  of  the  "Florida,"  in  the  winter  of  1863, 
destroyed  two  blockade-runners,  at  Masonborough  Inlet, 
under  the  fire  of  the  shore  batteries.  In  1 864  commanded 
the  "  Keystone  State,"  and  captured  five  blockade-run- 
ners, lie  was  then  ordered  to  the  "  Muscoota,"  but 
soon  detached  and  ordered  to  command  "  Metacomet." 
Blockaded  Galveston  in  her,  and  was  in  command  of 
her  at  the  battle  of  Mobile  Bay.  Planned  and  directed 
the  construction  of  torpedo-nets,  and  spread  them  in  the 
Blakely  River,  removed  one  hundred  and  forty  torpedoes, 
and  cleared  the  way  for  the  squadron  to  pass  safely 
up  to  Mobile.  He  then  occupied  forts  "  Huger"  and 
"  Tracy"  on  the  night  the  rebel  forces  evacuated.  Espe- 
cially commended  in  the  official  report  of  Admiral  That- 
cher. In  September,  1865,  he  was  ordered  to  command 
the  "  Shamokin,"  on  the  coast  of  Brazil,  where  he  re- 
mained until  [868.  He  was  made  captain  in  May  of 
that  year.  While  in  command  of  "  Shamokin,"  conveyed 
Minister  Washburn  on  his  mission  to  Paraguay. 

He  was  commissioned  as  commodore  1874.  Rear- 
admiral  March,  1882.  Commanded  South  Atlantic 
Squadron.  Commanded  Asiatic  Squadron.  Retired, 
on  his  own  application,   1883. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


107 


CAPTAIN  WM.  H.  H.  CROWHLL,  U.S.A. 

Captain  Wm.  II.  H.  Crowell  (Sixth  Infantry)  was 
born  in  Ohio,  January  25,  [841,  and  at  the  commence- 
ment of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  entered  the  volunteer 
service  as  private  of  Company  F,  First  Ohio  Artillery, 
April  21,  1 861,  and  served  under  General  McClellan  in 
West  Virginia,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Phil- 
ippi,  June  3,  1S61  (which  was  the  first  contact  of  the 
hostile  forces  after  the  fall  of  Fort  Sumter),  and  Laurel 
Hill,  Virginia.  He  was  honorably  mustered  out  July 
27,  1 861 ,  but  re  entered  the  volunteer  service  December 
12,  1861,  as  second  lieutenant  Fifteenth  Ohio  Battery, 
and  served  in  the  Western  army  during  the  campaign 
of  1862,  participating  in  the  battle  of  the  Hatchie 
October  7,  1862.  He  was  in  the  campaign  against 
Corinth,  Mississippi,  and  under  General  Grant  in  his 
Mississippi  campaign  of  1S62. 

He  resigned  December  15,  1862,  for  the  purpose  of 
recruiting  a  battery  for  the  Second  Ohio  Heavy  Artil- 
lery, and  was  appointed  recruiting  officer  by  the  Gov- 
ernor of  Ohio,  with  the  rank  of  second  lieutenant.  He 
was  promoted  to  the  captaincy  of  the  battery  Septem- 
ber 9,  1S63,  and  served  with  it  at  Munfordville  in  the 
fall  and  winter  of  1863.  He  also  served  with  General 
Sherman  in  his  East  Tennessee  campaign,  returning  to 
his  command  at  Knoxville,  Tennessee,  from  the  north 
in  December,  1864.  On  arriving  at  Nashville,  he  found 
the  enemy  in  possession  of  the  road  and  country  gener- 
ally between  Nashville  and  Murfreesborough,  and,  being 
indefinitely  detained  and  cut  off  from  his  command,  he 
reported,  by  order  of  General  George  H.  Thomas,  to 
General  Steadman  for  duty,  and  acted  under  his  orders 
during  the  battle  of  Nashville.  He  was  then  stationed  at 
Athens,  Tennessee,  where,  by  order  of  General  Thomas, 
he  fired  one  hundred  guns  in  honor  of  the  fall  of  Rich- 
mond. 

He  commanded  Forts  Willich  and  Terrill,  at  the 
crossing  of  Green  River,  at  Munfordville,  Kentucky, 
and  commanded  a  battalion  of  the  Second  Ohio  Heavy 
Artillery  in  1864-65. 

Captain  Crowell  was  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer 
service  on    the  21st  of  August,    1865,  but  entered    the 


regular  service  as  second  lieutenant  of  the  Seventeenth 
Infantry  January  22,  1867.  He  was  promoted  first  lieu- 
tenant December  17,  1867,  serving  with  his  regiment 
until  May  27,  1869,  when  he  was  placed  on  the  unas- 
signed  list  of  officers.  While  unassigned  Captain  Cro- 
well was  engaged  in  reconstruction  duty  under  General 
Canby  in  Virginia,  and  General  Ames  in  Mississippi ; 
in  the  former  State  he  was  made  military  commissioner 
and  superintendent  of  elections  for  five  counties,  and  in 
Mississippi  for  two;  his  duties  were  to  appoint  and  in- 
struct boards  of  registration  in  the  counties  under  his 
control  and  recommend  for  appointment  all  county  offi- 
cers, and  to  conduct  and  report  the  result  of  the  election 
as  directed  in  orders. 

He  was  assigned  to  the  Sixth  Infantry  December  15, 
1870,  and  promoted  to  captain  October  31,  1883.  He 
served  with  his  regiment  on  frontier  duty  in  the  Depart- 
ments of  the  Platte  and  the  Missouri  to  April,  1889, 
having  been  adjutant  of  the  Sixth  Infantry  from  April 
10,  1882,  to  October  31,  1883.  In  1889  he  was  ordered 
to  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  and  assigned  to  duty  as 
assistant  instructor  in  infantry  tactics,  in  connection  with 
the  School  of  Application.  Captain  Crowell's  present 
station  is  Fort  Thomas,  Kentucky. 


io8 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (regular) 


COLONEL    AND   BREVET  MAJOR-GENERAL   GEORGE 
W.  CULLUM,  U.S.A.  (deceased). 

(' \i:r.    \\d   Brevet  Major-General  George  W. 

I  i  i  i  i  m  was  born  in  New  York,  and  graduated  from 
the  Military  Academy  July  i,  1833.  He  was  promoted 
brevet  second  lieutenant  of  the  Corps  of  Engineers  the 
same  day,  and  served  as  assistant  engineer  in  the  con- 
struction  o)  several  government  works  until  April  20, 
[836, when  he  was  promoted  second  lieutenant.  He  was 
captain  July  7,  1838,  and  continued  as  superintending 
engineer  in  the  construction  of  important  works  along  the 
Atlantii   coa  1 

II  was  superintending  engineer  for  devising  and 
constructing  sapper,  miner,  and  pontoon  trains  for  our 
armies  in  the  war  with  Mexico,  1847-48;  he  was  de- 
tailed on  special  duty  at  West  Point,  New  York,  pre- 
paring lor  publication  a  memoir  on  military  bridges,  with 
India-rubber  pontoons,  and  construction  of  Cadet  Bar- 
rai  ks  at  West  Point,  New  York,  [847-48,  and  at  the  same 
place  as  instructor  in  practical  military  engineering  and 
commandant  of  sappers,  miners,  and  pontoniers  to  July 
5.  1850. 

Captain  Cullum  then  visited  Europe,  Asia,  Africa,  and 
the  West  1  ni  lie,  on  a  sick-leave  of  absence,  [850-52,  when 
he  returned  to  tin.:  Military  Academy  in  his  former  posi- 
tion, retaining  it  to  January  1,  1X55.  From  that  time 
until  the  commencement  of  the  war  of  the   Rebellion, 

■  'lain  Cullum  was  superintending  engineer  in  the  con 

11  lion  of  the  New-  York  assay-office,  of  Fort  Sumter, 
Castle  Pinckney,  and  fort  Moultrie,  and  other  work  in 
(  harleston  harbor ;  repairs  to  works  at  Forts  Macon  and 
1  ■>  iwell,  North  <  larolina  ;  member  of  hoard  to  devise  the 
defem  esol  Sandy  Hook,  New  Jersey;  and  superintend 
of  the  1  onstruction  and  repair  of  many  other  works  af 
tls     Atlantic  seaboard. 


Captain  Cullum  was  appointed  lieutenant-colonel  (staff 
aide-de-camp  to  the  general-in-chief)  April  9,  1861,  ami 
colonel  (staff,  in  same  position)  August  6,  1 86 1 .  He  was 
a  member  of  the  lTnited  States  Sanitary  Commission  from 
June  13,  [861,  to  February  24,  1864,  ami  an  associate 
member  of  the  Western  Sanitary  Commission  from  Jan- 
uary 2  to  July  1 1,  [862. 

He  was  promoted  major  of  Engineers  August  6,  and 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers  November  1,  (86r,  serv- 
ing successively  as  chief  engineer  of  Military  Depart- 
ments ami  chief  of  staff  to  General  Ilalleck,  while  com- 
manding the  armies  and  while  chief  of  staff  of  the  army, 
to  September  5,  1864. 

General  Cullum  was  employed  during  this  time  in  con- 
struction of  fortifications  in  the  field,  organizing  defences, 
etc.,  and  was  chief  engineer  in  the  campaign  in  Tennessee 
and  Mississippi  in  1862,  being  engaged  in  the  advance 
upon  and  siege  of  Corinth  and  in  fortifying  Corinth  until 
July  18,  1862,  and  then  employed  on  man}'  other  duties 
connected  with  the  Engineer  Department  of  the  army, 
which  cannot  be  enumerated  here  for  want  of  space,  until 
the  ch isc  ( if  the  war.  He  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel 
of  the  Corps  of  Engineers  March  3,  1863,  and  brevetted 
colonel  and  brigadier-general  March  13,  1865,  for  "  faith- 
ful and  meritorious  services  during  the  Rebellion,"  and 
major-general  March  13.  1865,  for  "faithful,  meritorious, 
and  distinguished  services  during  the  war  of  the  Rebel- 
lion." 

General  Cullum  was  selected  as  superintendent  of  the 
U.  S.  Military  Academy  September  8,  1864,  and  retained 
the  position  until  August  28,  1866.  He  was  mustered 
out  of  the  volunteer  service  September  1,  1866,  and  was 
awaiting  orders  to  the  November  following,  when  he  was 
detailed  as  .1  member  of  the  Board  of  Engineers  to  carry- 
out  in  detail  the  modifications  of  the  defences  in  the  vicin- 
ity of  New  York,  as  proposed  by  the  board  on  January 
2J,  1864;  and  of  Board  of  Engineers  for  Fortifications 
and  River  and  Harbor  Obstructions  required  for  the 
defence  of  the  Territory  of  the  United  States  since  May 
18,   [867. 

He  was  promoted  colonel  of  the  Corps  of  Engineers 
March  7,  1867. 

General  Cullum  was  retired  from  active  service  January 
13,  1874,  and  died  in  1892. 

He  was  the  author  of  a  work  on  "  Military  Bridges, 
with  India-rubber  Pontoons,"  1X49;  of  "Register  of 
Officers  and  Graduates  of  the  United  States  Military 
Academy,"  from  March  16,  1802  (when  established)  to 
January  I,  1X50;  translator  and  editor  of  Duparcq's 
"  Elements  of  Military  Art  and  History,"  1863;  author 
of  "Systems  of  Military  Bridges,"  1863;  of  various 
military  memoirs,  reviews,  and  reports,  1863-67;  and  of 
"Biographical  Register  of  the  Officers  and  Graduates  of 
the  United  States  Military  Academy,"  1891. 


WHO  SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


109 


BRHVET  MAJOR  HARRY  COOKE  GUSHING,  U.S.A. 

Brevet  Major  Harry  Choice  Cushing  (captain 
Fourth  Artillery)  was  born  November  8,  1841,  at  Balti- 
more, Maryland.  Went  to  Providence,  Rhode  Island,  in 
1849,  and  lived  there  until  the  breaking  out  of  the  war. 
Graduated  1S60  at  the  Providence  High  School  ;  under- 
graduate of  Brown  University,  which  he  left  to  join  Bat- 
tery A,  First  Rhode  Island  Light  Artillery.  Corporal 
and  sergeant  therein  from  June  6  to  November  5,  1S61, 
participating  in  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21,  1861.  Second 
lieutenant  Fourth  Artillery  October  24,  1 86 r,  command- 
ing section  in  Light  Battery  F,  Fourth  Artillery,  and  en- 
gaged in  the  following  actions  :  Dam  No.  5,  December 
11,  1861;  Newtown,  Virginia,  May  24,  1802;  Middle- 
town,  Virginia,  May  24,  1862  ;  Winchester,  Virginia, 
May  25,  1862;  Cedar  Mountain,  Virginia,  August  9,  1S62  ; 
(brevetted  first  lieutenant)  Freeman's  Ford,  Virginia, 
August  23,  1862;  Antietam,  Maryland,  September  17, 
1862.  First  lieutenant  Fourth  Artillery  September  17, 
1862,  and  ordered  to  Army  of  the  Cumberland.  Com- 
manding Light  Battery  H,  Fourth  Artillery,  ami  engaged 
at  Stewart's  Creek,  Tennessee,  December  29,  1S62; 
Stone  River,  Tennessee,  December  31,  1862,  to  Janu- 
ary 2,  1863;  Woodbury,  Tennessee,  January  24,  1863; 
Chickamauga,  Georgia,  September  19-20,  1863  (bre- 
vetted captain),  and  siege  of  Chattanooga,  Tennessee, 
October  to  November,  1863.  Ordered,  March,  1864,  to 
Army  of  the  Potomac  ;  Inspector  of  Artillery,  Cavalry 
Corps,  Arm_\'  of  the  Potomac,  and  engaged  at  Parker's 
Store,  May  5  ;  Wilderness,  May  6  ;  Todd's  Tavern,  May  8 ; 
Spottsylvania,  May  9;  Childsburg,  May  9;  South  Anna, 
May  10;  Yellow  Tavern,  May  1  1  ;  Meadow  Bridges,  May 
12;  I  Ianover,  May  2;  ;  Hawes'  Shop,  May  28;  Old  Church, 
May  30;  Cold  Harbor,  June  I  ;  White  House,  June  20; 
St.  Mary's  Church,  June  2^  ;  siege  of  Petersburg,  July  ; 
Smithfield,  August  28;  (brevetted  major)  Bunker's  Hill, 
November  9;  and  Cedar  Springs,  November  12,  1864; 
with  the  Cavalry  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  Sheri- 
dan's army  in  the  Valley.  On  general  recruiting  service 
February,  1865,  to  October,  1866;  rejoined  regiment 
October,  1866,  and  served  therewith  continuously  since. 
Captain  Fourth  Artillery  August  22,  1S71  ;  in  command 
of  Batter\-  C  until  November,  1887;  since  when  he  has 


commanded  Light  Battery  B.  Since  the  war  he  has 
served  at  various  posts  in  the  Division  of  the  Atlantic 
and  Division  of  the  Pacific,  and  participated  in  the  fol- 
lowing Indian  campaigns:  Sioux  campaign  of  1876; 
Xez  Perce  campaign  of  1877,  and  Apache  campaign  of 
1 88 1.  During  the  Nez  Perce  campaign  he  was  in  com- 
mand of  a  separate  column  of  General  Howard's  army, 
and  was  specially  and  particularly  mentioned  by  that 
officer  for  the  energy  and  good  judgment  displayed  by 
him  in  executing  the  duties  imposed  on  him.  He  is  a 
graduate  of  the  Artillery  School,  Class  of  1870.  Brown 
University  conferred  upon  him,  June  id,  187 1,  the  degree 
of  Master  of  Arts.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Military  Or- 
der of  the  Loyal  Legion. 

For  services  in  action  during  the  war  he  was  men- 
tioned particularly  in  the  reports  of  his  brigade,  division, 
corps,  and  army  commanders  of  Banks's,  Pope's,  and 
Rosecrans's  campaigns. 

Major  Cushing  is  a  direct  descendant  of  Nicholas 
Cooke,  who  was  Governor  of  Rhode  Island  during  the 
!  Revolution  ;  of  Colonel  Samuel  Barrett,  one  of  the  com- 
manders at  Lexington  ;  of  Captain  Jarvis,  of  Massachu- 
setts Line,  and  Colonel  Benjamin  Church,  who  com- 
manded the  Provincial  army  during  King  Philip's  War, 
and  who  killed  that  celebrated  Indian. 


no 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   XAl'Y  {regular) 


MAJOR  SAMUEL  T.  GUSHING.   U.S.A. 

Major  Samuel  T.  Cushing  (Subsistence  Department) 
was  born  in  Rhode  Island  September  14,  1S39,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  Military  Academy  July  1,  i860.  He 
was  promoted  acting  second  lieutenant  of  the  Tenth 
Infantry,  and  served  on  the  frontier  in  the  Navajo  cam- 
paign, and  at  Albuquerque  and  Santa  Fe  in  the  fall  and 
winter  of  [860-61.  He  was  promoted  second  lieutenant 
of  the  Second  Infantry  January  19,  and  first  lieutenant 
May-  14,  [861,  serving  as  such  in  the  defences  of  Wash- 
ington during  that  year.  He  served  in  the  Manassas 
campaign  as  aide-de-camp  to  Colonel  1).  S.  Miles, 
Second  Infantry,  commanding  the  reserve  division  ;  and 
as  acting  assistant  inspector-general  at  the  head-quarters 
of  General  McDowell,  July  and  August,  [861. 

lie  was  then  detailed  as  assistant  signal-officer  at 
(amp  of  Instruction,  Georgetown,  I).  C.,  from  Septem- 
ber, [861,  to  May,  1862,  and  then  was  placed  in  charge 
of  the  Signal  Office  at  Washington,  1).  C.,  where  he  re- 
mained to  (  Ictober,  1862,  in  the  mean  time  having  been 
promoted  captain  February  15,  1862. 

Captain  Cushing  was  appointed  captain  and  commis- 
sary of  subsistence  February  9,  1863,  and  made  major  in 
the  Signal  Corps  May  29,  [863,  which  latter  appointment 
he  declined. 

He  was  assigned  to  duty  as  instructor  of  signalling 
at  the  Military  Academy  July,  1863,  which  position 
he  retained   until  January,    1864,  when  he  was  ordered 


on  commissary  duty  in  Tennessee,  Kentucky,  Indiana, 
and  Mississippi  from  1864  to  1866. 

Captain  Cushing  was  appointed  brevet  major  March 
13,  1865,  "for  faithful  and  meritorious  services  during 
the  war." 

He  was  at  St.  Louis  in  March  and  April;  on  inspec- 
tor's duty  from  April  16  to  August  23,  1866;  on  frontier 
duty  in  the  latter  part  of  that  year,  and  again  on  inspec- 
tion duty  from  March  to  May,  1867;  then  at  Fort 
Laramie.  Wyoming,  until  ordered  again  on  inspection 
duty  from  September  to  November,  1867,  and  then 
stationed  at  Cheyenne,  Wyoming,  to  December  of  the 
same  year.  I  fe  was  chief  commissary  of  the  Department 
of  the  Platte  to  March  4,  1867,  and  in  April,  1868,  was 
ordered  to  Texas,  where  he  held  the  position  of  chief 
commissary  of  the  department  until  May,  1873,  when  his 
station  was  changed  to  New  Mexico,  where  he  was  chief 
commissary  of  the  district  until  July,  1874, at  which  time 
he  was  ordered  to  Louisville,  Kentucky,  as  chief  com- 
missary of  the  Department  of  the  South  and  purchasing 
commissary.  From  this  post  he  was  transferred  to 
Atlanta,  Georgia,  September  20,  1  876,  remaining  there  to 
February  10,  1877. 

Captain  Cushing's  field  of  action  was  changed  to  the 
Pacific  coast  February  22,  1877,  where  he  performed  the 
duties  of  purchasing  commissary  at  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia, remaining  there  until  1880,  in  the  mean  time 
having  participated  in  the  campaign  against  hostile  Pan- 
nock  Indians  from  June  to  September,  1878,  serving  as 
chief  commissary  of  the  Department  of  the  Columbia 
during  the  campaign  and  until  May,  1883,  when  he  was 
placed  on  special  duty  in  the  office  of  the  commissary- 
general  of  subsistence  at  Washington,  remaining  there 
to  February  12,  1884.  At  this  time  he  was  detailed  on 
duty  at  Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania,  distributing  supplies  to 
the  sufferers  from  the  flood  on  the  Ohio  River,  which 
duty  occupied  him  until  March  17,  [884,  when  he  was 
once  more  ordered  to  Texas,  performing  the  duties  of 
chief  commissary  of  that  department  and  purchasing  and 
depot  commissary  of  subsistence  at  San  Antonio.  Being 
relieved  from  this  duty  in  August,  1889,  he  was  ordered 
to  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  as  purchasing  and  depot 
commissary  of  subsistence,  part  of  the  time  being  chief 
commissary  of  the  Department  of  the  Missouri. 

Captain  Cushing  was  promoted  major  in  the  subsist- 
ence department  August  28,  1888,  and  is  at  present  on 
dutv  at  Fort  Leavenworth. 


U'/fO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


1 1 1 


COMMANDER  WILLIAM   B.  CUSHING.   U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Commander  William  B.  Cushing  was  born  in  Wis- 
consin, in  November,  1842,  and  was  appointed  to  the 
Naval  Academy  in  September,  1  S 5 7 .  lie  resigned  in 
March,  1861,  and  went  into  the  naval  service  afloat  as  an 
acting  master's  mate,  as  he  was  of  that  temperament 
which  would  not  permit  him  to  remain  quietly  at  the 
Naval  School  when  war  was  at  hand.  His  was  a  dis- 
position which  could,  under  such  circumstances,  give  no 
thought  to  theoretical  studies, — fortunately  for  us,  for 
we  wanted  just  such  men  at  th.it  time.  He  served  in 
the  "Cambridge"  for  a  short  time,  and  was  restored  to 
his  rank  as  midshipman  in  October,  1861.  After  a  sick- 
leave  he  was  ordered  to  the  "Minnesota,"  and  promoted 
to  lieutenant  in  [uly,  in  common  with  a  large  number  of 
young  officers  necessary  to  supply  the  demands  of  the 
service  growing  out  of  the  Civil  War.  Henceforth,  for  a 
period  of  nearly  three  years,  his  service  was  eminently 
conspicuous  in  deeds  of  daring.  While  in  command  of 
a  small  steamer  upon  the  blockade,  he  often  visited  the 
inland  waters  of  the  enemy  at  the  risk  of  his  life.  He 
usually  went  at  night,  lying  concealed  during  the  follow- 
ing day,  and  always  having  in  view  some  definite  object. 
He  had,  in  narrow  waters,  frequent  fights  with  the  field- 
batteries  of  the  enemy.  Once,  while  blockading  oil  New 
Topsail  Inlet,  he  reconnoitred  .1  schooner  lying  inside, 
but  was  soon  under  the  fire  of  a  considerable  force  with 
a  field-piece  and  small-arms.  He  retired;  but,  late  that 
evening,  he  anchored  his  vessel  close  to  the  beach, 
abreast  of  the  schooner,  and  several  miles  distant  from 
the  entrance  to  the  inlet.  Then  he  sent  two  boats  on 
shore,  the  larger  one  to  act  as  support.  They  hauled 
the  smaller  boat  across  the  sand-beach,  and  launched  her 
in  the  inlet  beyond.  Ensign  Coney,  with  six  men,  then 
reconnoitred,  and  found  that  about  twenty  men  and  a 
small  piece  of  artillery  were  guarding  the  vessel.  In 
spite  of  this,  an  attack  was  made,  the  enemy  routed,  and 
ten  prisoners,  a  howitzer,  and  eighteen  small-arms  cap- 
tured. The  schooner  and  adjacent  salt-works  w:ere  de- 
stroyed, and  the  expedition  rejoined  the  vessel  without 
loss. 

Once,  while  blockading  off  Cape  Fear  River,  Cush- 
ing went  in  his  gig,  with  six  men,  up  the  river  past 
Fort  Caswell,  to  Smithville,  two  miles  above,  and  got 
important  information.  Once  he  entered  the  river  in 
the  same  way,  captured  the  mail-rider  for  Fort  Fisher, 
and  possessed  himself  of  his  bag. 

His  most  remarkable  feat,  however,  was  the  destruc- 
tion of  the  iron-plated  ram  "Albemarle,"  while  that  for- 
midable vessel  was  secured  to  a  wharf  at  Plymouth, 
North  Carolina,  with  a  guard  of  logs  placed  around  her 
at  a  distance  of  thirty  feet, — her  crew  on  board  to  use 
her  guns,  and  a  company  of  soldiers  on  the  wharf  with 


small-arms  and  howitzers.  Unfortunately,  the  reporters 
for  the  Northern  press  had  found  out  that  a  torpedo-boat 
was  preparing  for  those  waters,  and,  of  course,  the  infor- 
mation was  transmitted  to  the  enemy,  so  that  they  had 
ample  time  for  preparation.  The  torpedo  was  of  the 
earl_\-  "boom"  kind,  carried  in  a  steam-launch.  The 
enemy  was  vigilant,  and  Cushing's  approach  was  discov- 
ered after  he  had  ascended  the  river,  but  before  he  came 
very  near.  But,  nothing  daunted  by  the  fire  of  artillery 
and  musketry,  he  put  on  steam,  jumped  his  launch  over 
the  logs,  lowered  his  torpedo  in  a  most  deliberate  way, 
and  blew  the  vessel  up  at  the  very  moment  when  a  shell 
from  one  of  the  heavy  guns  of  the  "Albemarle"  and  the 
column  of  water  from  the  explosion  of  the  torpedo  sent 
the  launch  to  the  bottom.  Cushing,  Paymaster  Swan, 
and  others  escaped,  after  much  exposure  in  swimming 
down  the  ice-cold  water  and  hiding  in  the  swamps.  But 
the  terror  of  the  "  Sounds"  was  safely  disposed  of.  For 
this  act  he  was  made  lieutenant-commander,  being  then 
about  twenty-two  years  of  age.  His  entire  career  was  a 
daring  one,  but  he  generally  succeeded  in  his  undertak- 
ings, because  the)  were  carefully  planned  and  carried  out 
with  wonderful  nerve. 

When  peace  came  Cushing  seemed  to  suffer  from  a 
lack  of  purpose,  and  he  could  not  reconcile  himself  to 
the  perfunctory  naval  life.  After  the  war  he  was  execu- 
tive-officer of  the  "  Lancaster."  He  commanded  the 
"  Maumee,"  on  the  Asiatic  Station,"  for  three  years.  He 
was  promoted  to  commander  in  the  regular  order  in 
January,  1872,  when  he  was  about  thirty  years  old. 
He  then  commanded  the  "Wyoming." 

In  the  spring  of  1874  he  was  ordered  to  the  Wash- 
ington Navy-Yard,  but  was  soon  detached  at  his  own 
!  request.  He  soon  showed  symptoms  of  serious  mental 
derangement,  and  was  removed  to  the  Government 
Hospital,  where  he  died  December  17,  1S74,  at  the  age 
of  thirty-two  years. 


1 12 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD  NAVY  (**< 


CAPTAIN   C.  C.  CUSICK.  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Captain  C.  C.  Cusick  was  born  in  Niagara  County, 
New  York,  August  2,  1835.  He  is  the  paternal  grand- 
son of  Nicholas  Cusick,  an  officer  of  the  Revolutionary 
army  of  [776,  who  was  an  intimate  friend  and  co-laborer 
of  Washington  and  Marquis  de  Lafayette;  the  maternal 
grandson  of  Captain  Chew,  of  the  British  army,  and  the 
sun  of  [ames  Nicholas  Cusick,  who  was  for  years  the 
associate  and  companion  of  Catlin  and  Schoolcraft,  the 
Indian  historians,  contributing  largely  to  their  work  con- 
cerning the  subject  of  "The  Myths  of  the  New  World." 
His  forest  home  in  Western  New  York  was  honored  by 
the  frequent  visits  of  .Audubon.  Captain  Cusick  is  now 
the  only  representative  of  the  Six  Nations  of  New  York 
favored  with  a  commission  in  the  regular  army.  As  a 
hereditary  official  of  the  ancient  Iroquois  confederacy, 
he  was  installed  to  office  September  6,  i860,  as  sui  1 
to  William  Chew,  Si..  Sachem,  and  vacated  the  office 
June  20,  1S66,  he  having  received  an  appointment  in  the 
regular  army. 

lie  entered  the  volunteer  service  during  the  war  of  the 
Rebellion  as  second  lieutenant  of  the  <  ine  Hundred  and 
Thirty-second  Infantry  August  14,  [862;  was  promoted 
first  lieutenant  July  I,  1863,  and  captain  May  31,  1865, 
but  owing  to  the  long  delay  before  the  last  commission 
was  received  was  not  mustered  in  to  that  rank.  He  was 
assigned  to  duty  at  Suffolk,  Virginia,  from  Octobei  to 
the  latter  part  of  Decembi  participated  in  several 

reconnoissances  and  engagements  in  the  Blackwater  re- 

1   and   vicinity  of  Suffolk,  Virginia;    served   at    ' 
Berne.  North  Carolina,  from  January  2,  1863,  until  March 
7,  1865,  uty,  the  defence  of  New  Bi 

and  active  field  duty  ;  timing  the  month  of  March,  1 
the  One  Hundred  and  Thirty-second  New  York  Infantry 
inie  a  part  of  the  Twenty-third  Army  Corps,  and  ad- 


vanced with  it  into  the  interior  of  North  Carolina  under 
Major-General  Schofield ;  commanded  the  large  escort 
of  infantry  for  General  Sherman's  supply-train  from 
Goldsborough  to  Kingston,  North  Carolina,  and  return; 
pending  the  surrender  of  General  Johnston-  army  near 
Raleigh,  North  Carolina,  he  was  assigned  to  duty  as  act- 
ing assistant  ordnance  officer  of  the  Second  Division, 
Twenty-third  Army  Corps. 

Captain  Cusick  led  a  charging  force  at  night  composed 
of  two  companies  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Thirty-second 
New  York  Infantry  on  works  at  Jackson's  Mills,  North 
Carolina;  entire  Confederate  grand  guard  captured; 
1  olonel  Foulke,  commandant  of  Kingston,  North  Caro- 
lina, attempted  the  rescue  of  prisoners  the  same  night ; 
he  was  also  captured,  together  with  his  entire  stall  and 
escort;  led  a  charging  party  on  works  at  Southwest 
Creek,  North  Carolina,  with  one  hundred  and  fifty 
selected  men;  works  captured  and  colors  planted;  Feb- 
ruary, 1S64,  participated  in  the  heroic  defence  of  Bache- 
lor's Creek  Bridge,  and  other  points  of  crossing,  during 
the  advance  on  New  Berne  by  the  Confederate  forces 
under  General  Pickett ;  participated  in  the  severe  battle- 
that  was  fought  at  Wise's  Forks,  near  Kingston,  North 
(  arolina,  March  9-1 1,  1865.  He  was  recommended  for 
brevet  by  the  colonel  of  his  regiment  in  1867,  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  during  the  war;  but  not  acted 
on  by  the  Senate  of  the  United  States  owing  to  the  order 
of  [867,  suspending  the  granting  of  brevets. 

Captain  Cusick  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  of  the 
Thirteenth  Infantry  June  20,  1866;  transferred  to  the 
Thirty-first  Infantry  September  20.  1866;  transferred  to 
the  Twenty-second  Infantry  May  15,  1869;  promoted 
first  lieutenant  August  5,  1872,  and  captain  January  1. 
[888.  He  joined  his  regiment  in  the  West  and  aided  in 
repelling  an  attack  on  Fort  Stevenson,  North  Dakota,  by 
hostile  Sioux  Indians  August,  1867  ;  repulsed  a  night  attack 
<  if  train  escort  "by  hostile  Sioux  Indians  near  Spring  Lake, 
North  Dakota,  July  2~,  186S;  engaged  with  one  hundred 
and  seventy-five  hostile  Sioux  Indians  under  Sitting  Bull, 
near  Fort  Buford,  Montana,  August  20,  [868;  captured 
Little  Running  Bear,  a  Brule  Sioux  Indian,  an  associate 
of  Sitting  Bull,  fanuary,  1869.  who  was  killed  shortly 
afterwards  while  attempting  to  escape;  engaged  with 
a  band  of  Indians  under  Crazy  Horse,  near  Wolf  Moun- 
tain, Montana,  January  8-9,  1877:  May  7—8,  1877, 
engaged  with  band  of  hostile  Sioux  Indians  under 
Lame  Deer;  capture  of  lour  hundred  horses  and  camp 
destroyi  1 

Captain  Cusick'  was  appointed  by  Director-General 
Davis,  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  as  honorary 
and  special  assistant  in  the  Department  of  American  Ar- 
y  and  Ethnology  September  jj,  1891.  Upon 
his  own  request,  1  aptain  (  usick  was  honorably  retired 
from  active  service  January  14,  1892. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


1 1 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL   AND    BREVET    MAJOR-GEN- 
ERAL GEORGE   A.  CUSTER,  U.S.A.   (deceased). 

Lieutenant-Colonel  and  Brevet  Major-General 
George  A.  Custer  was  born  in  Ohio.  lie  graduated  at 
the  Military  Academy  June  24,  1861,  and  was  promoted 
se  ond  lieutenant  of  the  Second  Cavalry- the  same  day. 
He  was  detailed  to  drill  volunteers  at  Washington,  and 
then  participated  in  the  battle  of  first  Bull  Run,  July  21, 
[861.  He  was  absent,  sick',  from  October,  1861,  to  Feb- 
ruary, 1862,  and  then  participated  in  the  Peninsula  cam- 
paign of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  being  engaged  in 
the  siege  of  Yorktown.  He  was  promoted  first  lieuten- 
ant Fifth  Cavalry  July  17,  1862,  and  captain  of  stall 
(additional  aide  de-camp)  June  5,  1862,  and  served  on 
the  staff  of  Major-General  McClellan  in  September  and 
October,  1862,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  South 
Mountain  and  Antietam.  He  participated  in  Stoneman's 
raid  towards  Richmond,  aide-de-camp  to  General  Pleas- 
onton  in  combat  at  Brand}-  Station,  and  on  June  29, 
1863,  he  was  appointed  brigadier-general  of  volunteers. 
As  such,  lie  commanded  a  cavalry  brigade  in  the  Pennsyl- 
vania campaign,  and  was  engaged  in  the  action  at  Aldie, 
battle  of  Gettysburg,  various  skirmishes  in  pursuit  of  the 
enemy,  with  constant  fighting  at  Monterey,  Smithsburg, 
I  Iagerstown,  Williamsport,  and  Boonsborough  ;  in  fact, 
from  this  time  to  the  end  of  the  war  his  history  is  that  of 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  the  actions  in  which  he- 
was  engaged  are  so  numerous  that  it  would  require  the 
space  of  this  entire  sketch  to  enumerate  them.  He  com- 
manded a  brigade  of  cavalry  in  the  Richmond  campaign, 
cavalry  corps  in  the  Shenandoah  campaign  with  Sheri- 
dan, and  a  division  of  cavalry  in  the  Appomattox  cam- 
paign of  1865,  and  was  present  at  the  capitulation  of 
General  Lee  April  5,  1865.  He  then  made  a  raid  to 
Dan  River,  North  Carolina,  from  April  24  to  May  3, 
1S65,  and  was  in  command  of  a  cavalry  division  in  the 
Military  Division  of  the  Southwest  from  June  3  to  July 
17.  1865. 

General  Custer  was  appointed  major-general  of  volun- 
teers April  15,  1865,  and  was  brevetted  in  the  regular 
army,  major,  for  Gettysburg,  July  '3,  1863;  lieutenant- 
colonel,  for  Yellow  Tavern;  colonel,  for  Winchester;] 
brigadier-general,  for  Five  Forks;  major-general,  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  services  during  the  campaign 
ending  in  the  surrender  of  the  insurgent  army  of  North- 
ern Virginia.  He  was  also  brevetted  a  major-general  of 
United  States  Volunteers,  for  "  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  at  the  battles  of  Winchester  and  Fisher's  Hill,  ; 
Virginia." 


He  served  in  the  Military  Division  of  the  Gulf  from 
July  17  to  November  13,  1865,  and  was  chief  of  cavalry 
of  the  Department  of  Texas  to  February  1 ,  1 866,  at  which 
time  he  was  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service.  He 
was  then  granted  leave  of  absence,  and  was  awaiting 
orders  to  September  24,  1866,  when  he  was  placed  on 
frontier  duty  at  Fort  Riley,  Kansas,  October  16, 
1866. 

General  Custer  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel  of  the 
Seventh  Cavalry  July  28,  1S66,  and  served  on  the  plains; 
in  campaign  against  the  Sioux  ami  Cheyennes,  on  the 
South  Platte  and  Republican  Rivers,  1867-68;  various 
other  expeditions,  scouts,  and  combats,  and  notably  the 
Big  Horn  and  Yellowstone  expedition  of  1876,  where  he 
and  his  gallant  band  were  all  massacred  in  the  fight  with 
Sitting  Bull's  village  on  the  Little  Big  Horn  River, 
Montana.  The  closing  scene  in  Custer's  history  has 
been  described  by  Horned  Horse,  an  old  Sioux  chief,  as 
follows  :  "  Custer  then  sought  to  lead  his  men  up  to  the 
bluffs  by  a  diagonal  movement,  all  of  them  having  dis- 
mounted and  firing,  whenever  they  could,  over  the  backs 
of  their  horses  at  the  Indians,  who  had  by  that  time 
crossed  the  river  in  thousands,  mostly  on  foot,  and  had 
taken  Custer  in  flank  and  rear,  while  others  annoyed  him 
by  a  galling  fire  from  across  the  river.  Hemmed  in  on 
all  sides,  the  troops  fought  steadily,  but  the  fire  of  the 
enemy  was  so  close  and  rapid  that  they  melted  like  snow 
before  it,  and  fell  dead  among  their  horses  in  heaps. 
The  firing  was  continuous  until  the  last  man  of  Custer's 
command  was  dead.  The  water-course,  in  which  most 
of  the  soldiers  died,  ran  with  bl 1 


IS 


H4 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


MAJOR    AND    BREVET    LIEUTENANT-COLONEL 
AARON    S.   DAGGETT,   U.S.A. 

Majok  \\i>  Brevet  Lieutenant-Colonel  Aaron  S. 
Daggi  i  i  (Thirteenth  Infantry)  was  born  in  Maine  June 
14,  1839.  Heistheson  of  Aaron  and  Dorcas  (Dearborn) 
I  laggett,  and  married  Rose,  the  daughter  of  Major-Gen- 
eral Phillips  Bradford,  of  Turner,  a  lineal  descendant  of 
Governor  William  Bradford,  of  Plymouth  County. 

At  the  breaking  out  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  Major 
Daggetl  enlisted  as  a  private  April  29,  1861,  and  was 
commissioned  second  lieutenant  May  1,  1 861.  lie  was 
promoted  first  lieutenant  of  Company  E,  Fifth  Maine 
Infantry,  May  24,  and  captain  of  the  company  August  4, 
[861. 

from  the  first  engagement  of  the  regiment  (battle 
oi  first  Bull  Run)  to  the  end  of  its  three  years' memo- 
rable service,  Captain  Daggett  did  faithful  duty,  and 
was  promoted  major  April  14,  [B63,  and  on  January 
[8,  [865,  was  commissioned  lieutenant  coloi  i  of  the 
Fifth  Regimenl  U.  S.  Veteran  Volunteers  (Hancock's 
Corps). 

(  olonel  Daggett  was  brevetted  colonel  and  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers  March  2,  [867,  for  "gallant  and 
meritorious  services  during  the  war,"  and  received  the 
brevets  of  major  L:.  S.  Army  for  "gallant  and  meri- 
torious services  at  the  battle  of  Rappahannock  Station, 
Virginia,  November  7,  [863,"  and  lieutenant  colonel  for 

lllanl  and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  the 
Wilderness,  Virginia." 

Immediately  alter  the  battle  of  Rappahannock  Station, 
the  captured  trophies — flags,  cannon,  etc. — were  es<  orted 
to  General  Meade's  head-quarters,  Colonel  Daggett  bein<* 
in  command  of  the  battalion  of  his  brigade,  he  having 
been  chosen  by  General  Upton,  the  escort  b  1  ted 

from  those  who  had  taken  the  most  conspicuous  part  in 


that  battle.     General  Upton  wrote  as  follows  regarding 
Colonel  Daggett : 

"  In  the  assault  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Colonel 
Daggett's  regiment  captured  over  five  hundred  prisoners. 
In  the  assault  at  Spottsylvania  Court-House,  May  10,  his 
regiment  lost  six  out  of  seven  captains,  the  seventh  being 
killed  on  the  12th  of  May  at  'the  angle,'  or  the  point 
where  the  tree  was  shot  down  by  musketry,  on  which 
ground  the  regiment  fought  from  9.30  A.  M.  until  5.30  P.  M., 
when  it  was  relieved.  On  all  these  occasions  Colonel 
Daggett  was  under  my  immediate  command,  and  fought 
with  distinguished  braver)-.  Throughout  his  military 
career  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  he  maintained  the 
character  of  a  good  soldier  and  an  upright  man,  and  his 
promotion  would  be  but  a  simple  act  of  justice,  which 
would  be  commended  by  all  those  who  desire  to  see 
courage  rewarded." 

In  recommending  him  to  Governor  Corry  for  promo- 
tion, General  Upton  said  : 

"  Major  Daggett  served  his  full  term  in  this  brigade 
with  honor  both  to  himself  and  State,  and  won  the  repu- 
tation of  being  a  brave,  reliable,  and  efficient  officer.  His 
promotion  would  be  a  great  benefit  to  the  service,  while 
the  honor  of  the  State  could  scarcely  be  intrusted  to 
safer  hands." 

Generals  Meade,  Wright,  and  Russell  concurred  in 
this  recommendation. 

General  W.  S.  Hancock  also  recommended  him  for  pro- 
motion. He  was  twice  slightly  wounded  during  the  war. 
Colonel  Daggett  was  appointed  a  captain  in  the  Six- 
teenth U.  S.  Infantry  Jul)'  28,  1866;  was  transferred  to 
the  Second  Infantry  April  17,  1869;  was  promoted  major 
January  2,  1892,  and  assigned  to  the  Thirteenth  Infantry. 
He  was  not  an  applicant  for  a  position  in  the  regular 
army.  The  appointment  was  made  without  solicitation, 
by  recommendation  of  General  Grant.  In  the  regular 
arm)-  he  has  won  the  reputation  of  being  a  fine  tactician, 
and  also  of  being  well  versed  in  military  law. 

(  olonel  Daggett  is  not  only  a  soldier,  but  has  ability 
ouside  of  his  profession.  As  a  public  speaker,  the  fol- 
lowing is  said  by  the  Rev.  S.  S.  Cummings,  of  Boston: 
"  It  was  my  privilege  and  pleasure  to  listen  to  an  address 
delivered  by  General  A.  S.  Daggett  on  Memorial  Day 
of  1891.  I  had  anticipated  something  able  and  instruc- 
tive, but  it  far  exceeded  my  fondest  expectations.  .  .  . 
The  address  was  dignified,  yet  affable,  delivered  in  choice 
language  without  manuscript,  instructive  and  impressive, 
and  highly  appreciated  by  an  intelligent  audience." 

A  Vinton  (Iowa)  paper,  August,  18S9,  thus  says  of 
Colonel  Daggett:  "In  the  evening  a  very  interesting 
programme  was  carried  out  in  front  of  regimental  head- 
quarters, it  being  music  and  speaking  combined.  .  .  . 
Colonel  Daggett  proves  to  be  an  eloquent  orator  as  well 
as  a  good  soldier." 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


115 


REAR-ADMIRAL  JOHN  A.  DAHLGREN,  U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Rear-Admiral  John  A.  Da?ilgren  was  born  in  Phil- 
adelphia, Pennsylvania,  and  appointed  midshipman  from 
that  State  in  1826,  serving  in  the  Brazil  and  the  Mediter- 
ranean  Squadrons,  in  the  "  Macedonian"  and  "Ontario;" 
passed  midshipman  in  April,  1832,  and  was  on  duty  on 
the  Coast  Survey  until  1842;  commissioned  as  lieutenant 
in  March,  1S37;  served  in  the  frigate  "Cumberland,"  in 
the  Mediterranean,  during  1844-45.  Prom  1847  to  1857 
he  was  upon  ordnance  duty,  during  which  time  he  per- 
fected the  invention  of  the  famous  Dahlgren  heavy  guns, 
introduced  howitzers  for  use  afloat  and  ashore,  and  wrote 
several  works  relating  to  ordnance.  In  September,  1855, 
he  was  commissioned  as  commander;  commanded  the 
ordnance  practice-ship  "Plymouth"  in  1858-59,  and  was 
on  ordnance  duty  at  the  Washington  Navy-Yard  in 
1860-61.  At  this  time  his  guns  were  in  general  use  in 
the  navy,  and  there  were  never  better  or  more  reliable 
ones  of  their  kind. 

On  April  22,  1861,  a  few  daws  after  the  attack  of  the 
Baltimore  mob  on  the  Massachusetts  troops,  all  the 
officers  of  the  Washington  Navy-Yard  resigned  and  left, 
except  Commander  Dahlgren,  Lieutenant  Wainwright 
(  who  was  absent  on  sick-leave),  and  the  boatswain.  The 
officers  who  thus  left  were  a  commodore-commandant,  a 
commander,  two  lieutenants,  the  surgeon,  and  paymas- 
ter.  The  command  devolved  upon  Dahlgren,  who  took 
vigorous  measures  to  defend  the  navy-yard.  After  the 
immediate  emergency  passed  away,  it  was  suggested  that 
the  law  required  that  a  captain  should  command  a  navy- 
yard,  and  applications  were  made  for  his  position,  but 
the  President  refused  to  disturb  him,  and  Congress  passed 
an  act  enabling  him  to  retain  the  command.  Commis- 
sioned captain  June  16,  1862,  and  shortly  afterwards 
appointed  chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Ordnance.  Promoted 
to  rear-admiral  February  7,  1863,  and  relieved  Rear- 
Admiral  Dupont,  in  the  command  of  the  South  Atlantic 
Blockading  Squadron,  Jul}-  6  of  that  year.  A  com- 
bined operation  of  naval  and  army  forces,  the  latter 
under  General  Gillmore,  was  then  begun  for  the  posses- 
sion of  Morris  Island,  on  the  south  side  of  the  entrance 
to  Charleston. 

After  a  long  and  severe  struggle  the  island  was 
finally  possessed,  and  the  guns  of  the  army  and  the 
fleet  soon  reduced  Fort  Sumter  to  a  pile  of  ruins.  The 
fort  itself  was  assaulted  by  a  boat  expedition  which 
failed.     But  Dahlgren's  fleet  thenceforth  remained  inside 


the  bar  and  blockade-running  at  that  port  was  at  an  end. 
In  Pebruary,  1864,  Admiral  Dahlgren  commanded  in 
person  an  expedition  to  the  St.  John's  River.  In  July, 
1864,  a  concerted  movement  was  made  up  the  Stono 
River  by  General  Foster  and  Admiral  Dahlgren.  This 
expedition,  well  conceived,  failed  for  want  of  energetic 
carrying  out  on  the  part  of  some  of  the  army  subordinates. 
The  column  under  Colonel  Hoyt  actually  captured  Fort 
Johnson,  but,  being  unsupported,  were  made  prisoners. 
On  December  12,  1864,  General  Sherman  having  success- 
fully accomplished  his  march  to  the  sea,  reached  the 
vicinity  of  Savannah,  and  Admiral  Dahlgren  immediately 
established  communication  with  him,  and  made  the  best 
possible  disposition  of  the  vessels  under  his  command 
to  assist  the  army  in  taking  possession  of  Savannah, 
which  was  occupied  by  Sherman  on  December  21,  1864. 
On  February  18,  1865,  the  movements  of  Sherman's 
army  caused  the  evacuation  of  Charleston  by  the  Con- 
federate forces,  and  Admiral  Dahlgren  at  once  moved 
his  vessels  up  and  occupied  that  city.  The  evacuation  of 
Charleston  was  followed  by  that  of  Georgetown,  and 
on  February  26  the  admiral  occupied  that  place.  <  >n 
March  1,  immediately  after  the  surrender,  his  flag-ship 
was  blown  up  by  a  torpedo  and  sunk.  In  1866  Rear- 
Admiral  Dahlgren  was  ordered  to  the  command  of  the 
South  Pacific  Squadron.  On  returning  from  that  ser- 
vice, in  1868,  he  was  for  the  second  time  appointed  chief 
of  the  Bureau  of  Ordnance.  In  the  fall  of  1869  he  was 
relieved  from  the  charge  of  that  bureau  at  his  own 
request,  and  ordered  to  the  command  of  the  Washington 
Navy-Yard,  where  he  died  in  1S70. 


n6 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  {regular) 


COMMANDER  WM.  STARR  DANA,  U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Commander  Wiiliam  Starr  Dana  was  born  in  New 
York  April,  1843;  and  was  the  son  of  Richard  P.  Dana, 
win isc  ancestor  Richard  came  from  England  to  Massa- 
chusetts in  1640.  Many  of  the  members  of  the  family 
have  since  been  well  known  in  the  literary  and  scientific 
world.  Commander  Dana  entered  the  Naval  Academy  in 
1859,  ami  graduated  in  [863,  becoming  an  ensign  in  the 
same  year.  After  a  short  service  in  the  North  Atlantic 
Squadron,  he  was  ordered  to  the  West  Gulf  Squadron. 
Was  attached  to  the  flag-ship  "  Hartford"  at  the  battle 
of  Mobile  Bay,  and  participated  in  all  the  events, — the 
taking  ol  Forts  Morgan,  Gaines;  and  Powell  and  other 
operations  of  that  epoch  of  the  Civil  War.  lie  was 
of  those  who  received  the  thanks  of  Admiral  Far- 
it  ;  and  was  included  in  the  thanks  of  Congre  voted 
to  the  "officers,  seamen,  and  marines  of  the  fleet,  for  the 
unsurpassed  gallantry  and  skill  exhibited  by  them  in  the 
engagement  in  .Mobile  Bay  on  the  5th  day  of  August, 
[864."  After  the  close  nf  the  war  Commander  Dana 
was  executive-officer  of  the  "Shenandoah,"  1879-81, — 
the  flag-ship  of  Rear- Admiral  Andrew  Bryson,  on  the 
South  Atlantic  Squadron.  For  two  months,  pending  a 
change  ol  captains,  he  was  in  command  of  the  "Shen- 
andoah."    When  the  inspection  of  the  ship  was  made. 


upon  the  new  captain  taking  command  he  reported  that 
the  condition  of  the  ship  bore  testimony  to  the  vigilance 
and  industry  of  those  in  authority, — "as  near  perfection 
as  the  exertions  of  the  officers  and  crew  could  arrive  at 
with  the  armament  furnished  by  the  government."  Rear- 
Admiral  Bryson  endorsed  the  report  very  favorably, 
mentioning  that  Dana's  "best  energies  have  been  given, 
as  the  executive,  to  the  well-being  of  the  vessel." 

He  was  regarded  as  having  most  seamanlike  qualities, 
and  was  favorably  regarded  for  the  order  and  discipline 
of  the  vessels  in  which  he  served.  The  late  Admiral 
Nicholson,  who  was  a  competent  judge  in  such  matters, 
said,  "He,"  Dana,  "was  a  conscientious,  painstaking 
officer." 

Commander  Dana  was  for  a  time  a  companion  ol  the 
Military  Order  of  the  Loyal  Legion  of  the  United  States, 
lie  was  also  a  member  of  the  Academy  of  Sciences  of 
New  York. 

In  1889  he  obtained  .1  few  months'  leave  of  absence 
for  the  purpose  of  European  travel,  and  was  on  his  way 
home  when  he  was  taken  with  pneumonia,  in  Paris,  and 
died  there  on  January  1,  1890. 

After  his  service  with  Admiral  Farragut  in  the  "  Hart- 
Cud,"  he  served  on  the  Pacific  Station,  being  promoted 
to  master  while  attached  to  "St.  Mary's."  "Aroostook," 
of  Asiatic  Squadron,  [866-68,  and  promoted  lieutenant 
while  serving  in  her.  In  the  "Shenandoah,"  on  same 
station,  when  promoted  to  lieutenant-commander;  and 
then  served  in  "Ashuelot."  Attached  to  "Brooklyn" 
and  "Plymouth,"  of  the  European  Squadron,  1870-75. 
Executive-officer  of  "  (  Issipee,"  in  the  West  Indies,- 
1874-75.  Executive-officer  of  receiving-ship  "Colo- 
rado," 1875-77.  In  1878  he  took  a  course  of  tor- 
pedo instruction  at  Newport.  From  1879  to  1881  he 
was  attached  to  "  Shenandoah,"  as  already  mentioned. 

Commissioned  commander  September,  1881.  After 
some  duty  at  the  New  York  Navy-Yard,  and  in  com- 
mand of  torpedo-boat  "Alarm,"  he  made  a  cruise  in 
command  of  the  "  Nipsic,"  South  Atlantic  Squadron, 
returning  home  in  June,  1886.  His  next  station  was 
the  Naval  War  College,  during  a  course  lasting  some 
weeks,  in  18S7.  In  [888  he  took  another  course  at  the 
Torpedo  Instruction,  and  after  that  was  ordered  to  duty 
at  the  Naval  War  College,  Newport,  from  August  to 
November,  1888,     This  terminated  his  active  service. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


117 


CAPTAIN  AND   BRHVET  MAJOR  JOHN  A.  DARLING, 

U.S.A. 

Captain  and  Brevet  Major  John  A.  Darling  (First 
U.  S.  Artillery)  was  born  at  Bucksport,  Maine,  June  7, 
1835.  His  ancestors  settled  in  New  England  in  1632, 
and  were  ever  quick  to  respond  to  all  calls  for  support 
from  the  colonies  and  republic,  rendering  distinguished 
services.  Major  Darling  graduated  at  the  State  Military 
Academy  of  Pennsylvania;  was  commissioned  second 
lieutenant  in  Second  U.  S.  Artillery,  August  5,  1861. 

Ilis  first  service  was  at  Fort  McHenry.  In  the  au- 
tumn of  1861  he  was  ordered  to  Sedalia,  Missouri,  to 
command  Light  Battery  F  of  his  regiment,  well  known 
as  "  Totten's  Battery." 

In  the  exceptionally  severe  winter  of  1862,  he  marched, 
with  his  command,  to  St.  Louis  Arsenal,  a  distance  of 
three  hundred  miles,  arriving  in  February  after  a  month's 
march.  From  there  he  proceeded  at  once  to  New  Mad- 
rid, Missouri,  and  was  engaged  in  active  operations  both 
there  and  at  Island  No.  10,  resulting  in  their  capture. 

In  addition  to  the  command  of  his  battery,  he  was 
specially  detailed,  in  charge  of  two  companies  of  volun- 
teer engineer  troops,  to  make  gabions  and  fascines  and  to 
construct  a  field-work. 

General  Pope  in  his  report  says,  "  Lieutenant  Darling's 
battery,  Second  Artillery,  U.S.A.,  was  frequently  under 
the  enemy's  fire,  and  behaved  in  a  very  gallant  and 
creditable  manner." 

Having  been  promoted  to  a  first  lieutenancy,  he  was 
appointed  aide-de-camp  to  Major-General  John  A.  Dix. 
While  on  this  duty  he  made  the  first  exchange  of  war 
prisoners,  being  associated  with  Judge  Ould,  commis- 
sioner of  the  Confederate  States.  He  was  also  engaged 
in  actual  field-service  before  Suffolk,  Virginia, and  on  the 
Peninsula.  In  March,  1863,  was  appointed  major  of 
Pennsylvania  Heavy  Artillery.  Commanded  regiment 
and  Camp  Hamilton,  Virginia,  until  June.  Prom  there 
transferred  to  duty  at  Port  Monroe,  Virginia,  till  Oc- 
tober, 1864.  At  this  date,  having  been  detailed  as  acting 
assistant  inspector-general  for  the  Eastern  District  of 
Virginia,  he  served  until  June,  1865,  in  that  capacity. 
Upon  being  relieved  and  returned  to  his  regiment  at 
Fort  Monroe,  Virginia,  he  remained  there  until  Septem- 
ber, 1865.  During  July  and  August,  1865,  he  held  as 
prisoners  in  close  confinement  President  Jefferson  Davis, 
Senator  C.  C.  Clay,  and  Editor  John  Mitchell  (the  Irish 
refugee),  of  the  Southern  Confederacy. 

Brevetted  captain  and  major  for  "  gallant  and  meritori- 
ous services,"  he  was  honorably  mustered  out  of  the  vol- 
unteer service,  and  ordered  to  join  his  regular  regiment, 
the  Second  U.  S.  Artillery,  at  Alcatraz  Island,  San  Fran- 
cisco harbor,  where  he  remained  until  December,  1S67, 
commanding  the  post  from  July,  1866. 

Placed  in  command  of  the  post  and  his  battery  at  Fort 


Point  San  Jose,  San  PYancisco,  he  remained  there  until 
February,  186S.  Was  promoted  captain  to  date  from 
December  9,  1 S6/. 

Removed  to  Fort  Stevens,  Oregon,  he  commanded  the 
post  and  battery  there  until  January,  1S71. 

Upon  the  reduction  of  the  army  in  January,  1871,  he  was 
honorably  mustered  out  of  the  service.  By  special  act  of 
Congress  he  was  recommissioned  as  captain  of  artillery, 
with  former  rank  and  date  of  commission,  and  assigned 
to  the  First  U.  S.  Artillery.  The  following  is  an  extract 
from  the  united  report  of  the  Senate  and  House  Commit- 
tees on  Military  Affairs,  unanimously  adopted  by  both 
bodies:  "  His  record  during  the  war  is  that  of  a  gallant, 
faithful,  and  efficient  officer,  who  was  constantly  in  the 
field,  having  command  of  artillery  in  active  operations  in 
Missouri,  at  New  Madrid,  Island  No.  10,  and,  later,  in 
the  campaigns  in  Virginia.  At  the  conclusion  of  the 
war  he  was  brevetted  captain  and  major  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  conduct." 

From  May,  1878,  to  July,  1879,  he  was  on  duty  at  the 
Artillery  School  at  Fort  Monroe,  Virginia.  Ordered  to 
Fort  Trumbull,  Connecticut,  in  July,  1879,  he  commanded 
Battery  M,  First  U.  S.  Artillery,  at  that  point  until 
November,  1881.  Commanded  post  of  Fort  Mason,  San 
Francisco,  until  February,  1889,  nearly  eight  years.  He 
was  then  removed  to  the  Presidio  of  San  Francisco,  re- 
maining until  April,  1889.  Ordered  to  Alcatraz  Island, 
San  Francisco  harbor,  he  was  on  duty  with  his  battery 
until  May,  1890.  At  that  date  his  regiment  was  ordered 
east,  and  he  has  been,  up  to  the  present  time,  in  command 
of  his  batter)-  at  Governor's  Island,  New  York  harbor. 

Major  Darling  is  well  known  in  the  musical  world  as 
August  Mignon,  under  which  nom  de  plume  have  been 
published,  both  in  this  country  and  in  Europe,  many 
vocal  and  instrumental  compositions  of  acknowledged 
hi<>h  artistic  merit. 


n.S 


OFF/ CURS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (.regular) 


REAR-ADMIRAL  CHARLES  HENRY   DAMS.  I  I.S.N. 

(hi  CI   \S\  D). 

R  i  vr-Admirai  Cii  \rles  Henry  Davis,  son  of  1  )aniel 
Davis,  Solicitor-General  of  Massachusetts,  was  born  in 
Boston  January  [6,  1S07.  He  entered  Harvard  College 
in  [821,  and  on  August  ij,  [823,  was  appointed  mid- 
shipman in  the  navy.  1 1  i ^  first  cruise  was  in  the  Pacific, 
mi  board  the  frigate"  United  States,"  under  Commodore 
Isaac  Hull.  He  served  temporarily  on  board  the 
schooner  "  Dolphin,"  on  a  cruise  to  the  Mulgrave  Isl- 
ands, in  search  11I  the  mutineers  oi  the  whale-ship 
"Globe." 

He  was  attached  to  the  sloop  "Erie,"  in  the  West  In- 
dies, in  [828  ;  passed  his  examination  in  [829,  taking  high 
rank  in  his  class;  served  as  sailing-master  of  the  "<  )nta- 
rin,"  in  the  Mediterranean,  until  (832 ;  was  commissi,  med 
lieutenant  in  [ 83 1  ;  sailed  in  the  "  Yinccnncs"  as  flag- 
lieutenant  to  Commodore  Alexander  Wadsworth,  in  [833, 
1  hi  the  I'.u  it'n  Station;  returned  to  the  United  States  in 
[835  in  command  of  the  American  hark  "Vermont," 
which  had  been  condemned  at  Callao;  and  from  [837  to 
1840  he  served  on  hoard  the  razee  "Independence,"  in 
Europe,  and  on  the  Brazil  Station.  In  1 840  he  began  the 
serious  study  oi  mathematics.  He  was  attached  to  the 
Coast  Survey  from  [842  to  [849.  During  this  period  he 
discovered  Davis'  New  South  Shoal,  lying  off  Nantucket 
Shoals,  and  published  his  paper,  on  the  Geological 
Action  of  the  Tidal  and  other  Currents  oi  the  Ocean, 
and  mi  the  Law  of  Deposit  of  the  Flood-tide,  which 
gave  him  reputation  as  a  hydrographer  of  skill.  II 
served    on    several    harbor   commissions.     In     [849    he 

iblished   the    Nautical    Almanac,  and    became   its    first 

superintendent.    Commander    in     [854,     he    commanded 

the  "  St.  Mary's,"  in  the  Pacific,  1856   59,      I  [e  raised  the 

ol   Rivas,  and  received  the  surrender  of  Walker, 


the  filibuster,  thereby  saving  his  life,  and  took  him  out  of 
Nicaragua.  In  1  857  he  published  a  translation  of  Gauss's 
" Theoria  Motus  Corporum  Ccelestium."  This  was  the 
first  presentation  in  English  of  this  standard  authority 
for  astronomers.  In  [861  he  was  member  of  the  Hoard 
on  Construction  of  New  Vessels,  and  of  the  Commission 
on  Southern  Harbors,  which  planned  the  expedition  to 
Port  Royal,  in  which  he  sailed  as  fleet-captain,  under 
Dupont. 

In  May,  [862,  having  been  promoted  to  captain, 
he  relieved  flag-officer  Foote,  in  command  of  the  Mis- 
sissippi Flotilla,  off  Fort  Pillow.  A  few  days  after  as- 
suming command,  he,  with  seven  vessels,  beat  oil  a 
squadron  of  eight  iron-clads  in  an  action  lasting  an  hour, 
the  enemy's  vessels  avoiding  capture  under  the  guns  oi 
Fort  Pillow.  On  June  5  Fort  Pillow  was  evacuated,  and 
on  the  6th  Davis  brought  on  a  general  action  with  the 
Confederate  iron  dads  and  rams  off  Memphis,  won  a 
signal  victory,  and  received  the  surrender  of  the  city, 
lie  then  joined  Farragut,  and  was  engaged  in  operations 
near  Vicksburg  and  on  the  Yazoo  River  until  Septem- 
ber, when  he  was  forced,  through  ill  health,  to  relinquish 
his  command.  He  was  made  rear-admiral  in  [863,  and 
became  the  first  chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Navigation,  and 
in  1865  was  appointed  superintendent  of  the  Naval 
Observatory.  In  [867  he  hoisted  his  flag  on  board 
the  "  Guerriere,"  as  commander-in-chief  of  the  Brazil 
Station. 

During  this  cruise  he  proceeded  in  force  to  Paraguay 
and  demanded  and  obtained  the  surrender  of  two  per- 
sons, one  an  American  and  the  other  a  British  subject, 
who  had  claimed  protection  of  the  American  legation, 
and  had  been  arrested  by  Lopez,  when  the  minister  left 
the  country.  Phis  action  involved  Davis  in  a  contro- 
versy with  the  ministers  to  Brazil  and  Paraguay,  in  which 
he  was  sustained  by  the  Department.  A  congressional 
investigation  followed,  in  which  he  was  vindicated.  He 
commanded  the  Norfolk  Navy- Yard  [870-73.  In  1  S74 
he  was  again  appointed  superintendent  ol  the  Observ- 
atory, at  which  post  he  died  February  18,  [877. 
Admiral  Davis  took  the  degree  of  A.  B.  at  Harvard,  and 
was  made  LL.D.  by  the  same  University  in  1868.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  National  Academy  of  Sciences,  of 
the  American  Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences,  of  the 
Massachusetts  branch  of  the  Society  of  the  Cincin- 
nati, and  of  the  Military  <  )rder  of  the  Loyal  Legion,  and 
was  the  author  of  many  writings  on  scientific  and  other 
subjects.  He  received  the  thanks  of  Congress  and  his 
rear-admiral's  commission  for  his  victories  at  Fort  Pillow 
and  Memphis. 

A  stained-glass  window  in  the  Memorial  Hall,  at  Har- 
vard, commemorates  the  fact  that  he  was  the  oldest  repre- 
entative  of  the  University,  and  the  senior  in  rank-,  who 
served  during  the  Civil  War. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


•'9 


COLONEL  JEFFERSON  C.  DAVIS.  U.S.A. 
(deceased). 

Colonel  Jefferson  C.  Davis  was  born  in  Indiana, 
and  appointed  from  the  army.  He  was  a  private  in  the 
Third  Indiana  Volunteer  Infantry  June,  1S46  ;  engaged  in 
Taylor's  campaigns  against  Monterey  and  Saltillo,  and 
the  battle  of  Buena  Vista,  Mexico;  sergeant  Third  In- 
diana Volunteer  Infantry  February,  1 S47  ;  second  lieu- 
tenant First  LT.  S.  Artillery  June,  1848.  He  joined 
the  regiment  at  Fort  McHenry  October,  1848,  and  was 
at  Fort  Washington,  Maryland,  and  on  the  coast  of 
Mississippi  until  the  fall  of  1852.  First  lieutenant  First 
U.  S.  Artillery  February,  1852,  and  in  Florida  in  1853. 
lb- was  at  Fortress  Monroe,  Virginia,  until  the  fall  of 
1855  with  a  light  battery  ;  at  Fort  McHenry  to  [857; 
on  the  east  coast  of  Florida  to  summer  of  1858,  and  at 
Fort  Moultrie,  South  Carolina,  till  December,  l86l,when 
it  was  evacuated  and  Fort  Sumter  occupied.  Engaged 
in  the  defence  of  Fort  Sumter,  South  Carolina.  He  was 
mi  staff  duty,  mustering  and  equipping  troops  for  the 
field,  Indianapolis,  from  May  to  August,  1 861.  Captain 
First  U.  S.  Artillery  May,  1861  ;  colonel  Indiana  Volun- 
teer Infantry  August,  [861  ;  commanding  forces  holding 
Jefferson  City,  Lexington,  and  Boonville;  commanding 
brigade  in  the  Army  of  the  Southwest,  and  at  the  action 
of  Springfield,  Missouri  ;  commanding  Camp  of  Instruc- 
tion at  Otterville,  Missouri.  I  Ie  commanded  the  forces 
engaged  in  the  defeat  and  capture  of  the  rebels  on  the 
Blackwater,  Missouri,  December,  1861.  Commanded  a 
di\  ision  and  was  engaged  in  the  action  at  Springfield  and 
pursuit  of  Price.  Commanded  the  troops  in  the  action  at 
Cross  Timbers,  Arkansas,  and  participated  in  the  battle 
of  Pea  Ridge,  Arkansas.  lie  was  in  command  of  a 
division  at  the  siege  of  Corinth,  and  in  the  pursuit  of 
the  enemy  to  Boonville.  Made  brigadier-general  U.  S. 
Volunteers  May,  1862,  to  rank  from  December,  1861. 
Commanded  troops  in  the  engagement  at  Nolensville  and 
Nole  Gap  in  the  advance  on  Murfreesborough.  He  was 
at  the  battle  of  Stone  River,  and  commanded  the  forces 
in  pursuit  of  the  rebel  General  Wheeler.  In  the  cam- 
paign against  Tullahoma  and  Chattanooga;  engaged  at 
action  of  Liberty  Gap,  battles  of  Chickamauga,  Mis- 
sionary Ridge,  pursuit  of  the  rebels;  actions  of  Chicka- 
mauga Station  and  Shepard's  Farm  ;  expedition  for  the 
relief  of  Knoxville;  reconnoissance  at  Dalton;  action  of 
Buzzard's  Roost  (commanding  forces) ;  advance  on  At- 
lanta, battle  of  Resaca,  capture  of  Rome  ;  actions  around 
Dallas,  assault  on  Kenesaw  Mountain,  and  capture  of 
Marietta;    in    the    actions   of   Nicojack    Creek,    Chatta- 


hoochie  River,  battle  of  Peach-Tree  Creels',  and  oper- 
ations around  Atlanta,  Georgia.  Brevet  major-general 
U.  S.  Volunteers  August,  [864;  commanding  Fourteenth 
Arms'  Corps;  engaged  at  the  battle  and  occupation  ot 
fonesborough  ;  pursuit  of  the  rebel  General  Hood  in  rear 
of  .Atlanta.  He  was  in  Sherman's  march  to  the  sea  and 
through  the  Carolinas,  being  engaged  at  the  capture  of  Sa- 
vannah, Georgia;  battles  of  Averysborough  and  Benton- 
ville,  capture  of  Raleigh,  and  surrender  of  the  rebel  army 
under  General  Johnston.  In  the  march  to  Washington 
City  via  Richmond,  Virginia,  and  transported  the  Four- 
teenth Corps  to  Louisville,  Kentucky,  when  it  was  mus- 
tered out  of  service  fuly  and  August,  1865  ;  commanded 
Department  of  Kentucky  1866;  commanded  expedition 
to  occupy  Alaska,  and  in  command  of  Department  of 
Alaska  September,  1867,  to  August,  1870.  Brevet  major 
U.  S.  Army  for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  at  the 
battle  of  Rome,  Georgia;  brevet  colonel  U.  S.  Army  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  at  the  battle  of  Pea 
Ridge,  Arkansas;  brevet  lieutenant-colonel  U.  S.  Army 
for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  at  the  battle  of  Res- 
aca,  Georgia;  brevet  colonel  I7.  S.  Army  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  conduct  at  the  battle  of  Rome,  Georgia; 
brevet  brigadier-general  U.  S.  Army  for  gallant  and  mer- 
itorious conduct  at  the  battle  of  Kenesaw  Mountain, 
Georgia;  brevet  major-general  U.S.  Army  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  conduct  at  the  battle  of  Jonesborough, 
Georgia.  Colonel  Twenty-third  U.  S.  Infantry  July,  1866. 
Eastern  Superintendency  General  Recruiting  Service, 
New  York  City,  from  January,  1871.  Died  November 
30,  1879. 


120 


OFFICERS    OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY   [regular) 


COLONEL   AND   BREVET   BRIGADIER-GENERAL 

HANNIBAL   DAY.  U.S.A.    (de<  i  vsed). 

Colonel  \m>  Brevei  Brigadier-General  Hannibai 
Day  was  born  at  Montpelier,  Vermont,  February  17, 
1804;  he  was  the  son  of  Dr.  Sylvester  Day,  Surgeon 
I '.  S.  .\nn_\-.  and  grandson  of  Dr.  Elkanah  Day.  of 
Westminster,  Vermont, — one  of  the  pioneers  in  the  set- 
tlement of  that  State,  who  was  active  in  establishing  the 
State  government,  independent  of  the  States  of  New 
York  and  New  Hampshire. 

Genera]  Day  had  an  early  experience  in  the  military 
service,  when  in  the  beginning  of  the  War  of  1812  {  15th 
Inly),  at  the  age  of  eight  years,  he  with  his  father  and 
the  garrison  oi  Eort  Michilimackinac,  were  taken  [iris- 
oners  by  a  British  force  of  Canadians  and  Indians.  The 
prisoners  were  paroled  and  sent  to  Detroit,  where  they 
wi  re,  a  month  later,  at- the  surrender  of  the  United  States 
forces  on  16th  August,  1812,  of  which  event  and  of  the 
indignant  expressions  of  the  army  officers,  the  general 
retained  a  \i\  id  re.  1  illection. 

\iier  1  full's  surrender  the  Michilimackinac  paroled 
prisoners  were  all  taken  on  board  a  sloop  and  carried  to 
Fort  Erie,  on  Lake  Erie.  Captain  Elliot,  of  the  navy, 
was  at  Buffalo  with  some  boats;  and  the  gallant  Captain 
Laws, .11  was  there  with  the  land  tones;  la-  \olunteered 
to  man  the  boats  and  rescue  the  prisoners,  which  was 
acci  implished  on  a  dark  night  without  the  loss  of  a  man  ; 
no  mention  of  the-  services  of  the  army  was  made  by 
Elliot  in  the  report  of  the  affair.  After  his  rescue  and 
his  early  experience  of  the  incidents  of  war,  young  Han- 
nibal Day  returned  to  his  native  town  and  pursued  his 
studies  in  the  academic  schools  of  his  native  State.     In 


18 18  his  father  procured  for  him  an  appointment  of  cadet 
in  the  West  Point  Military  Academy.  Ill  health  pre- 
vented the  successful  pursuit  of  his  studies,  and  he  was 
allowed  to  enter  the  next  class  on  September  I,  1 8 19, 
and  he  was  graduated  on  the  1st  of  Jul}-,  1823,  and  was 
at  that  date  appointed  second  lieutenant  Second  Regi- 
ment U.  S.  Infantry,  and  served  in  the  same  regiment  in 
the  grades  of  first  lieutenant,  captain,  major,  and  lieuten- 
ant-colonel. (  >n  the  7th  of  July,  1862,  he  was  appointed 
colonel  of  the  Sixth  Regiment  of  Infantry.  Lie  was 
ommissioned  brigadier- general  by  brevet  on  March  13, 
1865,  for  long  and  faithful  service  in  the  ami}-. 

lie  served  fort}-  years  continuously:  In  garrison  at 
Fort  Brady,  Michigan,  1823—28;  on  Topographical  duty, 
1828-31  ;  in  garrison  at  Fort  Niagara,  New  York,  1832; 
Fort  Dearborn,  Illinois,  1832-33;  Hancock  Barracks, 
Maryland,  1833-36;  Fort  Independence.  Massachusetts, 
[836;  on  recruiting  service,  1836-3S;  in  the  Florida 
War,  1838-39  and  1841-42;  at  Buffalo,  .1842-45  ;  and 
Detroit,  1845—46.  In  the  Mexican  War  hew, is  stationed 
at  Tampico,  1846-47,  and  afterwards  served  in  many 
places  in  California  ami  on  the  Indian  frontier.  At  the 
beginning  of  the  Civil  War  he  was  at  Fort  Abercrombie, 
and  was  soon  ordered  to  Georgetown,  District  of  Colum 
liia,  in  command  of  the  Second  Infantry. 

Colonel  Hannibal  Day  commanded  the  first  brigade  of 
Ayer's  division,  Fifth  Arm}-  Corps,  and  was  actively 
engaged  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  rendering  gallant 
service  in  the  defence  of  Round  Top,  on  the  extreme  left 
of  the  loyal  line,  where  he  had  a  horse  killed  under  him. 
I  le  held  the  same  command  during  the  march  to  Warren- 
ton,  Virginia,  and  until  he  was  retired  from  active  .ser- 
vice, August  1,  1863, owing  to  want  of  sufficient  physical 
strength  to  perform  service  in  the  field.  lie  then  com- 
manded Fort  Hamilton,  New  York,  till  Jul}-  8,  1864,  and 
afterwards  served  on  various  military  commissions  and 
courts-martial  till  June  14,  1869,  when  he  was  relieved 
from  duty, 

He  died  at  Morristown,  New  Jersey,  March  26,  1891, 
at  the  age  of  eighty-seven  years. 

At  the  time  of  his  death  he  was  third  in  academic 
rank  of  the  living  graduates  of  the  Military  Academy,  his 
seniors  being  Colonel  William  ('.  Young-,  of  the  Class  of 
1882, and  brevet  major-general  Georget  S.  Green,  of  the 
(  las-  of  1 82  3. 

General  Day  married,  in  1831,  Anna  Maria  Houghton, 
daughter  of  Thomas  and  Mary  Leggate  (Chase)  Hough- 
ton, who  died  in  1881.  He  leaves  one  son,  Sylvester 
Henry  Day,  of  Carson  City,  Nevada,  and  one  daughter, 
Mrs.  Hoff,  wife  of  Captain  John  Van  Rensselaer  Hoff, 
M.D.,  assistant  surgeon  U.  S.  Ann  v. 


WHO   SERVED   LV   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


121 


CAPTAIN   SELDEN   ALLEN   DAY,  U.S.A. 

Captain  Selden  Allen  Day  (Fifth  Artillery)  was 
born  at  Chillicothe,  Ohio,  July  22,  1838.  His  father, 
1  lemoval  T.  Day,  was  a  native  of  Virginia,  and  his 
mother,  Ruth  Merriam,  of  Vermont.  His  grandfather, 
Samuel  Day,  and  his  great-grandfather,  Leonard  Day, 
were  Virginia  soldiers  in  the  Revolutionary  War,  and 
both  were  at  the  capture  of  Yorktown  and  surrender  of 
Cornwallis.  In  April,  1861,  Captain  Day  obtained  au- 
thority and  raised  a  company  of  volunteers  at  Bowling 
Green,  Ohio,  for  the  war  of  the  Rebellion.  Owing,  how- 
ever, to  the  excess  of  troops  enrolled  under  the  first  call, 
this  company  was  not  mustered,  and  was  disbanded. 
Captain  Day  then  enlisted  as  a  private  in  Company  C, 
Seventh  Ohio  Infantry,  June  20,  1861,  participating  in 
the  campaign  in  West  Virginia,  that  year.  After  the 
action  of  Cross  Lanes  August  26,  where  his  regiment 
suffered  heavy  loss,  he  was  made  corporal.  He  was 
present  at  Loop  Creek,  Paw-Paw,  Romney,  etc.,  in  the 
winter  of  1861-62. 

At  the  battle  of  Winchester,  Virginia,  March  23,  1862, 
Corporal  Day,  though  injured  early  in  the  fight,  re- 
mained at  the  front ;  and  in  a  charge  of  his  brigade  was 
one  of  the  first  over  the  stone  wall  forming  part  of  the 
defence  of  the  enemy,  and  was  one  of  a  small  party  fol- 
lowing Major  Casement  into  a  battery  and  capturing  the 
guns.  At  the  close  of  the  fight  he  had  the  good  fortune, 
with  the  aid  of  a  comrade,  to  capture  and  bring  in  a  stafl 
officer  of  General  Jackson.  For  his  part  in  this  action 
Corporal  Day  was  promoted  sergeant  and  recommended 
for  a  commission. 

In  the  battle  of  Port  Republic,  June  9,  1862,  Ser- 
geant Day  bore  an  active  part,  and,  though  again 
wounded,  formed  one  of  the  rear-guard  in  the  retreat 
after  the  battle. 

At  the  battle  of  Cedar  Mountain,  where  his  regiment 
suffered  terribly,  August  9,  1862,  Sergeant  Day,  though 
at  one  time  "between  two  fires,"  escaped  unhurt,  and  at 
the  close  of  the  action  found  himself  in  command  of  the 
remnant  of  three  companies. 

The  fatigue  and  hardships  of  the  campaign  of  1862, 
however,  brought  about  at  last  what  shot  and  shell  failed 
to  accomplish,  and  at  its  close  we  find  the  subject  of  our 
sketch  liors  de  combat.  For  several  months  he  remained 
in  hospital  at  Frederick,  Maryland,  where,  having  for- 
merly studied  medicine,  as  soon  as  able  he  performed 
efficient  service  in  the  care  of  the  sick  and  wounded. 
During  this  time  he  was  given  the  option  of  a  discharge 
for  disability  or  a  transfer  to  the  regular  army  as  hos- 
pital steward.  He  chose  the  latter,  and  was  ordered  to 
Baltimore  for  duty.  When  that  city  was  threatened  in 
the  summer  of  1863,  Steward  Day,  under  the  mayor, 
was  instrumental  in  organizing  and  drilling  companies 
16 


made  up  of  members  of  the  Union   League  and  conva- 
lescents in  the  hospitals  for  special  service. 

After  his  health  was  restored,  and  on  application  for 
field  service,  Steward  Day  was  called  to  Washington, 
D.  C,  appointed  second  lieutenant  Fifth  Artillery,  and  in 
the  spring  of  1864  ordered  to  the  front.  He  joined  Bat- 
tery A  in  the  battle  of  Cold  Harbor,  and  was  brevetted 
first  lieutenant  for  that  action.  He  served  continuously 
in  the  field  until  the  close  of  the  war;  entered  Richmond 
with  Battery  F,  Fifth  Artillery,  April  3,  1865,  and  was 
brevetted  captain  for  "  gallant  and  meritorious  services 
during  the  war." 

Since  the  war  Captain  Day  has  served  in  various  parts 
of  the  country.  He  was  detailed  in  charge  of  cholera 
quarantine  at  Craney  Island,  Virginia,  and  afterwards 
to  command  Battery  F,  Fifth  Artillery,  at  Richmond, 
Virginia,  in  1866,  in  which  year  he  was  promoted  first 
lieutenant.  He  was  made  president  of  Board  of  Regis- 
tration and  Elections,  and  military  commissioner  in  Vir- 
ginia under  the  reconstruction  acts  in  1867-68.  For 
several  years  he  acted  as  ordnance  officer,  and  was  in- 
structor in  signalling  and  rifle  practice  at  Fort  Adams, 
Rhode  Island.  He  graduated  from  the  Artillery  School 
in  1874,  and  from  the  Medical  College  of  the  State  of 
South  Carolina  1880.  He  was  recorder  of  Board  on 
Magazine-Guns  1881-82;  promoted  captain  Fifth  Artil- 
lery 1886;  commanded  Fort  Wood,  Bedloe's  Island, 
New  York  harbor,  March  to  June,  1887. 

He  travelled  in  Europe  in  1888;  was  ordered  to  the 
Pacific  coast  in  1890,  and  assigned  to  the  command  of 
Fort  Mason,  San  Francisco,  California,  where  he  is  now 
serving. 

Captain  Day  is  a  man  in  the  prime  of  life,  of  medium 
height  and  weight,  fair  complexion,  with  brown  hair, 
gray-blue  eyes,  and  is  a  hard  worker,  an  enthusiastic 
sportsman,  and  an  expert  rifle-shot. 


I  22 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN  CHARLES  C.  DE  RUDIO,  U.S.A. 

Captain  Charles  C.  De  Rudio  (Seventh  Cavalry)  was 
born  on  August  26,  1832,  in  the  city  of  Bellemo,  then 
the  State  of  Venice.  In  [845  he  entered  the  Austrian 
Military  Academy  of  Milan.  At  the  revolution  of  [848 
he  left  the  Austrian  army  and  joined  the  Venetian  Legion 
of  the  Cacciatori  delle  Alpi  in  Venice  ;  served  and  par- 
ticipated at  the  siege  and  sorties  till  March,  1849,  "hen 
he  left  Venice  and  entered  the  Legion  of  Garibaldi  in 
Rome.  I  le  served  and  participated  with  that  legion  in 
the  battles  of  April  30,  1S49,  against  the  French;  at 
the  battles  of  Palestrina  and  Velletri  against  the  Nea- 
politan Bourbon  army,  and  at  the  siege  of  Rome  till 
its  fall. 

lb  entered  the  U.  S.  Volunteers  August  25,  1S64, 
in  the  Seventy-ninth  New  York  Highlanders,  and 
was  sent  to  the  front  in  Virginia.  He  joined  his  regi- 
ment at  F<>rt  Hays,  near  Petersburg,  Virginia;  served 
with  his  company  (A)  up  to  <  October  16,  1864,  when  he 
received  a  lieutenant's  commission  in  the  Second  U.  S. 
Colored  Troops.  He  was  discharged  from  the  Seventy- 
ninth  New  York  ti  1  enable  him  to  accept  the  c<  immission, 
and  two  weeks  afterwards  was  sent  to  his  company  (D), 
stationed  at  Fort  Meyer,  Florida.  He  was  then  ordered 
to  Punta  Rassa,  at  the  mouth  of  the  Caloosahatchee,  to 
guard  a  large  depot  containing  over  two  millions  of 
rations  and  ammunition,  collected  there  for  an  expedi- 
tion to  capture  Fort  St.  Mark,  Florida,  by  General  John 
Newton.  The  detachment  was  composed  of  sixteen  men. 
1  fining  their  absence  a  Confederate  force  attacked  Fort 
Meyer.  One  of  the  videttes  captured  by  the  enemy 
near  Fort  Meyei  escaped,  and  reported  to  Lieutenant 
De  Rudio  the  circumstances  of  his  capture  and  the  at 
tack  on  Fort  Meyer.  He  immediately  made  prepara- 
tion,, in  case  he  could  not  defend  the  depot,  to  destroy 


it  by  fire.  The  next  morning  the  enemy  made  his  ap- 
pearance in  the  mangrove  wood,  about  three  miles  off, 
but  soon  they  were  observed  to  be  on  a  precipitate 
retreat,  the  gun-boat  "  Thunderer"  happily  making  its 
appearance. 

In  a  few  days  General  Newton  arrived  with  the  Sev- 
enty-ninth, and  De  Rudio  was  complimented  by  the  gen- 
eral for  his  conduct.  Although  he  was  anxious  to  par- 
ticipate in  the  expedition,  he  was  ordered  to  remain  at 
his  post  with  thirty-sixty  men,  and  ordered  to  fortify  the 
place. 

On  the  return  of  the  expedition,  De  Rudio  was  ordered 
to  Fort  Meyer.  On  arriving  there,  he  was  informed  that 
the  post  was  to  be  abandoned,  and  that  he  had  been 
picked  out  to  remain  with  a  detachment  of  thirty  picked 
men,  for  the  purpose  of  destroying  the  fort,  after  the 
troops,  refugees,  and  property  had  safely  arrived  at  Punta 
Rassa,  as  the  enemy  was  supposed  to  be  in  the  vicinity 
of  the  fort.  The  garrison  left  by  land,  and  the  refugees 
and  property  were  transported  by  water.  Finding  that 
the  fort  could  not  effectually  be  destroyed,  after  demol- 
ishing all  the  barracks  and  buildings  the  block-houses 
were  burned.  After  executing  his  orders,  De  Rudio, 
during  the  night,  marched  to  Punta  Rassa. 

On  January  5,  1866,  he  was  mustered  out  at  Key 
West,  Florida. 

Lieutenant  De  Rudio  was  recommended  for  the  brevet 
of  captain  by  General  Newton,  but  he  never  received  it. 

On  August  31,  1867,  he  was  appointed  second  lieuten- 
ant Second  U.  S.  Infantry  by  General  U.  S.  Grant,  while 
Secretary  of  War  ad  interim.  He  reported  at  Louisville, 
Kentucky,  to  his  regiment.  In  March,  1.X6X,  he  was 
selected  by  the  major-general  commanding  the  depart- 
ment to  take  charge  of  a  detachment  of  fifty  picked 
mounted  infantry  at  Lebanon,  Kentucky,  for  the  purpose 
of  assisting  the  U.  S.  Marshal  to  enforce  the  Civil- 
Rights  Bill  and  the  public-revenue  law. 

In  April,  1869,  he  was  relieved  of  that  arduous  duty, 
and  ordered  to  his  company  at  Louisville,  then  under 
orders  to  go  to  Atlanta,  Georgia,  for  consolidation  with  the 
Sixteenth  Infantry.  On  August  17  he  was  placed  on  wait- 
ing orders  by  reason  of  being  a  junior  officer;  but  the 
same  day  received  a  telegram  from  the  Adjutant-General 
of  Department  of  Cumberland  to  report  without  delay 
to  those  head-quarters,  and  was  ordered  to  Lebanon, 
Kentucky,  to  resume  charge  of  the  mounted  detachment. 

Lieutenant  De  Rudio  was  recommended  by  Major- 
General  G.  H.  Thomas  for  transfer  to  the  cavalry,  and 
July  14,  1869  was  transferred  to  the  Seventh  Cavalry; 
and  the  following  month  was  relieved  from  Lebanon  and 
ordered  to  join  his  new  regiment  in  camp  near  Fort 
Hays,  Kansas.  He  was  assigned  to  H  Troop,  and  par- 
ticipated in  all  the  marches  and  campaigns  with  the  regi- 
ment up  to  1889. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


123 


CAPTAIN  GEORGE  DEWEY,  U.S.N. 

Captain  George  Dewey  is  a  native  of  Vermont,  and 
was  appointed  a  midshipman  from  that  State  in  Septem- 
ber, 1854.  He  graduated  from  the  Naval  Academy  in 
1858,  well  up  in  his  class,  and  served  in  the  frigate  "  Wa- 
bash," in  the  Mediterranean,  for  the  next  two  years.  When 
the  Civil  War  occurred  he  was  ordered  to  the  steam- 
frigate  "  Mississippi,"  and  served  at  New  Orleans,  Port 
Hudson,  and  Donaldsonville,  Louisiana,  in  that  vessel, 
having  been  commissioned  lieutenant  in  April,  1861.  The 
episode  of  the  destruction  of  the  "  Mississippi"  (although 
a  misfortune  to  the  cause,  in  the  unavoidable  destruction 
of  a  fine  vessel  which  was  not  only  very  serviceable,  but 
dear  to  many  officers  and  men  who  had  sailed  in  her) 
brought  forth  Lieutenant  Dewey's  fine  qualities  as  an  of- 
ficer in  a  more  marked  degree  than  any  previous  action. 
The  destruction  of  the  "  Mississippi,"  which  had  served 
on  stations  all  over  the  world,  and  bore  Perry's  broad- 
pennant  at  the  opening  of  Japan  to  the  world,  appropri- 
ately occurred  in  the  river  from  which  she  was  named, 
and  in  consequence  of  a  well-sustained  action.  The  whole 
affair  was  creditable  in  the  highest  degree,  and  especially 
to  Captain  M.  Smith  and  his  first  lieutenant,  who  had 
made  the  ship  so  efficient,  and  who  were  the  last  to  leave 
her.  Admiral  Porter  remarked,  "  It  is  in  such  trying 
moments  that  men  show  of  what  metal  they  are  made, 
and  in  this  instance  the  metal  was  of  the  very  best." 

After  the  destruction  of  the  "  Mississippi,"  Lieutenant 
Dewey  was  ordered  to  the  steam-gun-boat  "  Agawam," 
of  the  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron,  and  was  engaged 
heavily  with  rebel  batteries  in  August,  1864,  for  which 
Commander  Rhind,  his  officers  and  men,  received  the 
highest  praise  in  the  report  of  the  admiral  commanding 
to  the  Navy  Department. 

Lieutenant  Dewey  served  at  both  attacks  upon  Fort 
Fisher.  He  was  commissioned  lieutenant-commander 
March  3,  1865,  eleven  years  after  his  entry  as  an  act- 
ing midshipman.  He  served  in  the  "  Kearsarge,"  on  the 
European  Station,  in   1866.     He  was  transferred  to  the 


"Colorado,"  frigate,  flag-ship,  in  1867,  and,  for  some 
months,  served  on  board  the  "  Canandaigua,"  of  the  same 
squadron,  showing  executive  ability  of  a  high  order  at  a 
time  when  it  was  needed. 

During  1868-69  ne  was  stationed  at  the  Naval  Acad- 
emy, and  then  commanded  the  "  Narragansett,"  on  special 
service,  in  1870-71.  On  duty  at  the  Torpedo  Station  in 
1872 — just  as  he  was  made  commander.  For  the  next 
three  years  he  was  upon  the  Pacific  Survey,  in  the  "  Nar- 
ragansett," and  followed  this  service  by  a  term  as  light- 
house inspector.  He  was  the  secretary  of  the  Light- 
House  Board  from  1877  to  1882.  Then  he  made  a 
cruise  in  command  of  the  "  Juniata,"  on  the  Asiatic  Sta- 
tion, and  was  promoted  captain  in  1884.  In  that  year  he 
commanded  the  "  Dolphin,"  and  then  was  in  command 
of  the  "  Pensacola,"  the  flag-ship  of  the  European  Sta- 
tion, from  1885  to  188S. 

Captain  Dewey  is  now  the  chief  of  the  Bureau  of 
Equipment  and  Recruiting,  with  the  rank  of  commodore, 
having  been  commissioned,  and  approved  by  the  Senate, 
in  1889. 


124 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (.regular) 


CAPTAIN  JOHN  W.  DILLENBACK,  U.S.A. 

(  \  i tain  John  \V.  Dillenback  (First  Artillery)  was 
born  in  New  York;  appointed  from  New  York  ;  enlisted 
in  Company  G,  Tenth  New  York  ]  [eavy  Artillery,  August 
7,  1S62;  served  in  the  defences  of  Washington,  D.  C, 
until  August,  1863;  commissioned  by  the  President 
captain  in  the  Fourth  U.  S.  Colored  Infantry  August, 
1865;  commanded  battalion  on  recruiting  and  picket 
duty  at  Williamsburg,  Virginia,  to  April,  1864;  on 
duty  at  Point  Lookout,  Maryland,  till  May,  1864- 
n  ;agi  d  in  the  operations  of  the  Army  of  the  James  for 
the  capture  of  Petersburg,  Virginia,  till  June  15,  1864; 
severely  wounded   while  charging  a  battery  in  the  de- 


fences of  Petersburg,  Virginia,  June  15,  1864;  engaged 
in  repelling  attack  on  Fort  Harrison,  Virginia,  Septem- 
ber 30,  1864;  with  hist  expedition  under  General  Butler 
for  the  capture  of  Fort  Fisher,  North  Carolina,  Decem- 
ber, 1864;  engaged  in  the  operations  that  resulted  in  the 
capture  of  Fort  Fisher,  North  Carolina,  January  15,  1864; 
wounded  in  charge  on  works  on  Sugar-Loaf,  North 
Carolina,  in  the  advance  on  Wilmington,  North  Carolina, 
February  1  r,  1865  ;  with  General  Sherman's  army  at  the 
capture  of  Raleigh  and  surrender  of  General  Johnston's 
army;  served  in  North  Carolina  till  the  autumn  of  1865  ; 
commanded  successively  Forts  Mahan  and  Stanton,  near 
Washington,  D.  C,  until  April,  1S66;  was  brevetted 
major  and  lieutenant-colonel  of  volunteers  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  during  the  war,  and  honorably 
mustered  out  of  volunteer  service  April  11,  1866;  was 
appointed  second  lieutenant,  First  U.  S.  Artillery,  Feb- 
ruary 23,  1866;  first  lieutenant  May  1,  1866;  was  with 
light  batteries  of  regiment  in  New  Orleans,  and  Browns- 
ville, Texas,  to  May,  1867;  at  Artillery  School,  Fort 
Monroe,  Virginia,  and  graduated  May,  1869;  disbursing 
officer,  Freedmen's  Branch,  Adjutant-General's  Depart- 
ment, in  Savannah,  Georgia,  and  Charleston,  South 
Carolina,  from  1872  until  October,  1874;  appointed 
regimental  quartermaster  March  I,  1875,  and  served  as 
such  to  June  30,  1882,  when  he  was  promoted  to  captain, 
First  U.  S.  Artillery;  stationed  at  Fort  Adams,  Rhode 
Inland,  from  1S75  to  December,  1881  ;  on  duty  in  the 
harbor  of  San  Francisco,  California,  from  1881  to  May 
1890,  when  ordered  to  Fort  Hamilton,  New  York  harbor  ; 
assigned  to  command  of  Light  Battery  K,  First  Artillery, 
January  25,  1889,  and  still  retains  command  of  it  at  Fort 
I  [amilton,  New  York  harbor. 


WHO  SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


125 


CAPTAIN  EUGENE  D.  DIMM1CK,  U.S.A. 

Captain  Eugene  D.  Dimmick  (Ninth  Cavalry)  was 
born  in  Athens,  New  York,  July  31,  1S40.  He  entered 
the  volunteer  service  at  the  commencement  of  the  war  oi 
the  Rebellion  as  a  private  in  Company  G,  Second  New 
Jersey  State  Militia,  April  26,  1 86 1,  and  was  discharged 
July  31,  1 86 1.  He  re-entered  the  volunteer  service  as 
first  sergeant  of  Company  M,  Fifth  New  York  Cavalry, 
October  7,  1861,  and  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  of 
that  regiment  Ma)-  9,  1862,  and  promoted  first  lieutenant 
October  10,  1862.  He  participated  in  the  campaigns  of 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  was  engaged  in  the  actions 
of  Harrisonburgh  and  Culpeper,  battles  of  Cedar  Moun- 
tain (commanding  company),  second  Bull  Run  (escort  to 
General  Banks),  South  Mountain,  Antietam,  Brandy 
Station,  and  Chantilly;  actions  of  Warrenton  Junction, 
Thoroughfare  Gap,  Beverly  Ford,  and  Hanover  Junction  ; 
battle  of  Gettysburg,  and  actions  of  Boonsborough  and 
Hagerstown,  where  he  was  severely  wounded,  taken 
prisoner,  and  released. 

He  was  promoted  captain  July  5,  1863,  and  in  Novem- 
ber he  was  discharged  for  disability  arising  from  wounds. 
He  again  entered  the  service,  as  second  lieutenant  of  the 
Eighteenth  Regiment  Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  February, 
[864,  and  served  at  Albany,  New  York,  and  on  the 
Canada  border  during  the  Fenian  raids,  and  was  mustered 
out  June  30,  1866. 

Captain  Dimmick  entered  the  regular  service  as  second 
lieutenant  of  the  Ninth  Cavalry  August  9,  1867,  and 
joined  his  regiment  in  Texas,  where  he  served  from  1867 
to  1875,  and  was  then  ordered  to  change  station  with  his 
regiment  to  the  Department  of  the  Missouri,  he  taking 
station    first   at   Fort  Wallace,  Kansas.      lie  was  at  Fort 


Lyon,  Colorado,  in  1876,  and  then  was  changed  to  Fort 
Union,  New  Mexico,  where  he  served  in  1877-78.  He 
participated  in  the  campaign  against  Victorio  in  1879-80, 
through  New  Mexico,  Arizona,  and  Old  Mexico.  He 
was  after  that  detailed  on  recruiting  service  in  1882-84, 
subsequently  returning  to  Fort  Riley,  where  he  was 
during  the  years  1884-85. 

Lieutenant  Dimmick  was  promoted  first  lieutenant 
Ninth  Cavalry  January  10,  1870,  and  captain  October  25, 
1883.  He  participated  in  the  Boomer  campaign,  Indian 
Territory,  and  was  then  transferred  to  Fort  McKinney, 
Wyoming,  in  1885.  He  commanded  a  battalion  (D  and 
H  Troop,  Ninth  Cavalry)  at  the  affair  at  Crow  Agency, 
Montana,  November  5,  1887,  when  "  Sword-Bearer"  was 
killed. 


126 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  {regular 


COLONEL  AND  BREVET  MAJOR-GENERAL  ABNER 
DOUBLEDAY,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Colonel  and  Brevet  Major-General  Abner 
Doi  bledai    was  born  at  Ballston  Spa,  New  York,  and 

iduated  from  the  Military  Academy  in  the  Class  of 
1842.  IK- was  then  promoted  brevet  second  lieutenant 
of  the  Third  Artillery,  serving  three  years  in  this  grade, 
when  he  was  promoted  second  lieutenant  of  the  First 
Artillery  February  20,  [845,  and  first  lieutenant  March 

3.  |S47- 

lie  served  during  the  war  with  Mexico,  being  engaged 
in  the  battle  of  Monterey,  September,  1846,  and  in  the 
operations  connected  with  the  battle  of  Buena  Vista, 
February  22—23,  1847. 

At  the  close  of  the  Mexican  War  the  United  States 
government  purchased  <  California  for  three  million  dollars, 
rving  from  this  sum  sufficient  money  to  compensate 
our  merchants  residing  in  Mexico  whose  property  had 
been  illegally  confiscated  by  the  authorities  there.  A 
Cuban,  named  George  A.  Gardner,  of  English  descent, 
claimed  to  be  an  American  citizen.  He  a  erted  that  the 
President  of  Mexico  had  directed  that  the  entrance  to  a 
mine  belonging  to  him,  worth  eight  hundred  thousand 
dollars,  should  be  blown  up.  He  was  awarded  (in  1852) 
five  hundred  thousand  dollars.  After  the  money  was 
paid,  President  Fillmore  bi  1  ame  i  onvinced  that  Gardner 
never  owned  a   mine  in    Mexico,  but  there  was  such  a 

strong  1 m   for  him,  and  he  was  so  strongly  supported 

politically,  that  it  became  ne<  essary  to  take  extraordinary 
measures.     A  special   commission  was  sent  to   Me 
with  a  distinguished  lawyer  at  the  head.      It  included  our 
secretary  oflegation,  an  expert  in  Spanish  jurisprudence, 
one  officer  of  the  army,  and  one  of  the  navy.     Lieul 
ant  Doubleday  represented  the  army.     In  consequi 
of  their   report,   Gardner  was   ultimately  o  I,   he 

having  supported  his  claim  by  perjury  and  forged  docu- 


ments, and  committed  suicide  in  court  by  swallowing  a 
roll  of  strychnine. 

Lieutenant  Doubleday  was  promoted  to  a  captaincy 
March  3,  1855,  and  was  engaged  in  hostilities  with  the 
Florida  Indians  in  1856-58.  He  was  second  in  command 
at  Fort  Sumter,  South  Carolina,  at  the  time  of  its  first 
bombardment,  April  12-14,  1 86 1,  on  which  occasion  he 
aimed  the  first  gun  of  the  war  on  the  side  of  the  Union  ; 
he  was  appointed  major  of  the  Seventeenth  Infantry 
May  14.  1 861,  and  participated  in  the  Shenandoah  cam- 
paign, under  General  Patterson,  in  1861;  he  was  ap- 
pointed brigadier-general  of  volunteers  February  3, 
[862,  and  participated  in  the  campaign  of  the  Arm}-  of 
the  Potomac,  being  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Groveton, 
second  Bull  Run,  South  Mountain,  Antietam,  Fredericks- 
burg, Chancellorsville,  and  Gettysburg;  having  been  pro- 
moted major-general  of  volunteers  November  29,  1S62. 

While  in  camp  near  Fredericksburg,  Virginia,  he  was 
sent  with  two  regiments  to  make  a  demonstration  against 
Port  Conway,  on  the  lower  Rappahannock,  with  a  view 
to  attack  the  enemy  in  that  direction,  and  thus  facilitate 
the  crossing  of  General  Hooker's  army  above,  April 
20-2  t,  1863  ;  on  July  I  he  went  forward  to  Gettysburg, 
by  order  of  General  Reynolds,  to  reinforce  Buford's  cav- 
alry, who  were  holding  the  ridge  west  of  the  Seminary, 
and  General  Reynolds  being  killed,  General  Doubleday 
took  his  place,  acting  for  some  hours  in  command  of  the 
field,  when  General  Howard  made  his  presence  known.  On 
this  occasion  the  First  Corps  captured  Archer's  brigade, 
the  greater  part  1  if  1  )a\  is's  brigade,  and  almost  annihilated 
Iverson's  brigade.  The  second  day  General  Doubleday's 
division,  with  a  brigade  under  General  Stannard,  was 
sent  to  assist  in  regaining  the  position  which  the  enemy 
had  taken;  he  followed  them  up  and  retook  six  guns 
which  they  had  captured.  When  Pickett's  grand  charge 
advanced  on  the  third  davit  exposed  the  right  flank,  and 
General  Doubleday  s  front  line,  under  General  Stannard, 
wheeled,  threw  themselves  upon  the  vulnerable  point, 
and  disordered  the  enemy's  advance  to  such  an  extent 
that  they  were  easily  repulsed. 

General  Doubleday  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel 
Seventeenth  U.  S.  Infantry  September  20,  1863;  honor- 
ably mustered  out  of  volunteer  service  August  24,  1865  ; 
mel  Thirty-fifth  U.  S.  Infantry  September  15,  1867; 
assigned  to  the  Twenty-fourth  I'.  S.  Infantry  December 
15,  1870.  He  was  made  brevet  lieutenant-colonel  Sep- 
tember 17,  1862,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in 
the  battle  of  Antietam,  Maryland;  brevet  colonel  July 
2,  1863,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the 
of  Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania;  brevet  brigadier- 
and  major-general  March  13,  1865,  for  gallant  and  meri- 
torious services  during  the  war. 

He  was  retired  from  active  service,  at  his  own  request, 
December  11,  1  873. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


127 


COLONEL  HENRY  DOUGLASS,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Colonel  Henry  Douglass  was  born  in  New  York- 
March  9,  1827,  and  graduated  from  the  Military  Acad- 
emy in  the  Class  of  1852,  when  lie  was  promoted  brevet 
second  lieutenant  of  the  Seventh  Infantry.  He  was  pro- 
moted second  lieutenant  of  the  Eighth  Infantry  December 
31,  1S53.  Upon  the  organization  of  the  Ninth  Infantry, 
in  1855,  he  was  transferred  to  that  regiment  March  3,  and 
gained  his  first  lieutenancy  September  10,  1856.  He 
served  in  garrison  at  Newport  Barracks,  Kentucky,  Fort 
Monroe,  Virginia,  and  on  frontier  duty. 

He  was  detailed  as  assistant  professor  of  drawing  at 
the  Military  Academy  January  16,  1858,  and  served  there 
until  July  2,  1861,  having  been  promoted  captain  of  the 
Eighteenth  Infantry  May  14,  1861.  He  entered  the  field 
during  the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  and  participated  in  the 
battle  of  first  Bull  Run,  July  21,  i86[,  and  then  served 
in  the  defences  of  Washington  to  October  of  that  year. 
He  joined  his  regiment  in  the  Army  of  the  West,  partici- 
pating in  the  Tennessee  and  Mississippi  campaigns  and 
the  actions  connected  therewith  from  February  until  June, 
1 S62.  He  then  served  with  the  army  under  General  Buell, 
through  Mississippi,  Alabama,  Tennessee,  and  Kentucky, 
from  June  to  September,  1862,  being  engaged  in  the  skir- 
mish near  Chaplin  Hills,  and  in  the  battle  of  Perryville, 
October  8,  1S62.  He  also  participated  in  the  actions 
under  General  Rosecrans,  in  his  Tennessee  campaign,  from 
November,  1S62,  to  April,  1863,  ami  was  engaged  in  the 
battle  of  Stone  River,  where  he  was  wounded. 

Captain  Douglass  was  then  detailed  on  the  recruiting 
service  from  April  to  September,  1863,  and  on  mustering 
and  disbursing  duty  at  Cleveland,  Ohio,  from  December, 
1863,  to  January,  1864,  and  was  in  charge  of  chief  mus- 
tering and  disbursing  office  of  the  State  of  Ohio  from 
September,  1864,  to  June,  1866.  He  had  the  brevet  of 
major  conferred  upon  him  December  31,1 862,  for  "  gallant 


and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  Murfreesborough, 
Tennessee." 

He  was  promoted  major  of  the  Third  Infantry  July  28, 
1866,  upon  the  reorganization  of  the  army,  and  served  on 
frontier  stations.  Upon  the  consolidation  of  regiments, 
in  1869,  he  was  unassigned,  March  15,  but  placed  on  duty 
as  superintendent  of  Indian  affairs  for  the  State  of  Nevada, 
which  position  he  occupied  until  January  1,  1871,  when 
he  was  assigned  to  the  Eleventh  Infantry.  He  was  pro- 
moted lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Fourteenth  Infantry  Jan- 
uary 10,  iS76,and  served  with  his  regiment  at  Fort  Cam- 
eron, Utah,  cantonment  on  the  LTncompahgre,  Colorado, 
and  Fort  Townsend,  Washington,  until  promoted  colonel 
of  the  Tenth  Infantry  July  1,  1885,  when  he  joined  his 
regiment  in  New  Mexico,  and  served  at  Fort  LTnion,  Fort 
Bliss,  Texas,  and  Santa  Fe  until  retired,  by  operation  of 
law,  March  9,  188  I. 

Colonel  Douglass  is  at  the  present  time  making  his 
home  at  Barnegat  Park,  New  Jersey. 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN   PERCIVAL   DRAYTON,   U.S.N. 
(HI  ceased). 

Captain  Percival  Drayton,  an  officer  of  recognized 
ability  and  conduct  in  every  position  in  which  he  was 
placed,  was  horn  in  South  Carolina,  coming  of  a  well- 
known  and  influential  family.  His  father  was  the  Hon- 
orable William  Drayton,  M.C. 

Percival  Drayton  was  appointed  midshipman,  from 
South  Carolina,  in  December,  1X27,  and  became  a  lieu- 
tenant in  the  navy  on  February  28,  1838. 

After  the  usual  varied  service  of  the  younger  officers 
of  his  grade,  including  a  period  at  tile  Naval  Observa- 
tory at  Washington,  he  was  promoted  to  commander  in 
1S55.     When  the  Paraguay  expedition  was  organized,  in 


1S5S,  he  became  the  aid,  or  fleet-captain,  of  Commodore 
Shubrick,  returning  with  him  to  the  United  States  when 
a  satisfactory  settlement  was  had.  From  i860  to  the 
outbreak  of  the  Civil  War,  he  was  upon  ordnance  duty 
in  Philadelphia,  where  many  of  his  family  resided.  He 
was,  however,  strongly  bound  by  family  ties  to  the 
seceding  States.  He  never  wavered,  however,  but  de- 
clared his  allegiance  to  the  flag  under  which  he  had 
served  for  a  third  of  a  century. 

In  the  naval  expedition  which  resulted  in  the  capture 
of  Port  Royal  he  commanded  the  steamer  "  Pocahontas,'' 
of  Dupont's  squadron,  while  his  brother,  General  T.  F. 
Drayton,  commanded  the  Confederate  troops  at  Hilton 
Head  Island,  and  fought  the  principal  batteries  opposed 
to  the  squadron.  Such  instances  were  not  rare  during 
that  war. 

After  the  capture  of  Port  Royal  he  was  transferred  to 
the  "  Pawnee,"  and  on  July  16,  1862,  upon  his  promotion 
to  captain,  was  ordered  to  command  the  new  Ericsson 
monitor  "  Passaic." 

In  this  vessel  he  took  part  in  the  bombardment  of 
Fort  McAllister,  and  in  Dupont's  attack  upon  Fort 
Sumter. 

He  was  next  ordered  as  fleet-captain  of  the  West  Gulf 
Squadron  under  I^arragut,  and  served  in  the  flag-ship 
"  Hartford"  at  the  battle  of  Mobile  Bay,  August  5,  1864. 
He  particularly  distinguished  himself  as  Farragut's  chief 
of  staff,  as  the  detailed  accounts  of  this  remarkable  action 
show. 

He  was  appointed  chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Navigation 
on  April  28,  1865,  but  died  on  August  4,  1865,  at  Wash- 
ington. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


129 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL   RICHARD  CAULTER  DRUM, 
U.S.A.  (retired). 

Brigadier-General  Richard  Caulter  Drum  was 
born  at  Greensborougli,  Westmoreland  County,  Pennsyl- 
vania, May  28,  1825.  His  military  history  commenced 
with  his  enrollment  as  a  private  in  Company  K,  First 
Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  December  8,  1846,  with  which 
he  served  during  the  siege  of  Vera  Cruz.  He  was  ap- 
pointed second  lieutenant  Ninth  Infantry  February  18, 
1847,  and  served  with  that  regiment  during  active  oper- 
ations in  Mexico,  participating  in  the  battles  of  Contreras, 
Churubusco,  Molino  del  Rey,  Chapultepec,  Garita  Belen, 
and  capture  of  City  of  Mexico. 

He  was  transferred  to  Fourth  Artillery  March  8,  184S, 
and  returned  with  that  regiment  at  the  close  of  the  war, 
serving  immediately  after  in  .Alabama,  Florida,  and  Loui- 
siana, when  he  was  sent  to  the  light  batter)'  at  Fort 
Leavenworth  September  30,  1850,  and  thence  to  Fort 
Columbus  May  23,  185  1.  He  conducted,  by  the  over- 
land route,  recruits  from  New  York  to  Jefferson  Barracks, 
and  thence  to  E"ort  Kearney,  returning  July  30,  1851, 
and  joined  his  company  at  Governor's  Island. 

At  the  threatened  secession  of  South  Carolina  in  1851 
he  went  with  his  company  to  Fort  Johnston,  North 
Carolina,  where  he  remained  until  June  6,  1852,  when  he 
was  ordered  to  Fort  Brady,  Michigan,  and  was  stationed 
there  until  October,  1853,  at  which  time  he  was  assigned 
to  the  light  batten-  at  Fort  Leavenworth. 

In  May,  1855,  he  acted  as  quartermaster  and  commis- 
sary to  the  battalion  of  the  Sixth  Infantry  in  its  march 
from  Leavenworth  to  Kearney,  in  July ;  returned  to 
Leavenworth  and  joined  company  temporarily  armed 
as  mounted  riflemen,  and  served  with  it  against  hostile 
Sioux  Indians,  participating  in  the  action  of  Blue  Water 
September  3,  1855.  On  the  24th  of  October,  1855,  he 
was  appointed  aide-de-camp  to  General  W.  S.  Harney, 
commander  of  the  expedition,  to  June  30,  1856.  He 
commanded  a  detail  of  light  artillery  during  the  Kansas 
troubles  in  1856,  and  was  acting  depot  quartermaster  at 
Fort  Leavenworth.  He  was  appointed  aide-de-camp  to 
General  Persifor  F.  Smith,  commanding  Department  of 
the  West,  and  acting  assistant  adjutant-general  at  head- 
quarters of  that  department  until  the  death  of  General 


Smith,  in  May,  1S5S,  when  he  joined  his  company  at  the 
Artillery  School,  Fort  Monroe,  Virginia,  June,  1858. 
From  September,  1S58,  to  January,  i860,  was  adjutant 
of  the  school  and  ordnance  officer  until  March,  1861, 
when  he  was  appointed  assistant  adjutant-general,  and 
assigned,  at  the  request  of  General  Sumner,  to  duty  at 
the  Head-quarters  Department  of  the  Pacific,  where  he 
continued  to  serve  until  October,  1866.  He  reported 
to  General  Meade  November  1,  1866,  and  continued 
at  Head-quarters  Department  of  the  East  till  January, 
1 868,  when  he  accompanied  General  Meade  to  Head- 
quarters Third  Military  District,  Atlanta,  Georgia.  On 
the  20th  of  March,  1869,  he  was  assigned  to  the  Division 
of  the  Atlantic,  Philadelphia,  where  he  continued  to  serve 
until  the  death  of  Major-General  Meade,  November,  1872, 
when  he  reported  to  Major-General  Hancock  at  New 
York. 

In  November,  1873,  General  Drum  was  assigned  to 
duty  with  Lieutenant-General  Sheridan,  and  remained  at 
Head-quarters  Division  of  the  Missouri  until  May,  1878, 
when  he  was  assigned  to  duty  in  adjutant-general's 
office,  Washington,  D.  C. 

He  was  appointed  adjutant-general  of  the  army  June 
15,  1880,  and  was  retired  under  the  law  May  28,  1889. 

General  Drum's  present  residence  is  at  Washing- 
ton, D.  C. 


W 


130 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (regular) 


LIEUTENANT -COLONEL  WILLIAM  F.  DRUM,  U.S.A. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  William  F.  Drum  (Twelfth 
Infant]')')  was  born  on  Governor's  Island,  New  York, 
November  i6,  1833.  He  is  the  son  of  Captain  Simon 
A.  Drum,  Fourth  Artillery,  who  fell  while  commanding 
his  battery  at  the  Helen  Gate,  City  of  Mexico,  Septem- 
ber 13,  1S47.  He  was  at  Owatonna,  Minnesota,  in  the 
spring  of  1861,  and,  at  their  request,  drilled  young  men 
for  the  volunteer  service;  he  then  proceeded  to  Wash- 
ington, D.  C,  in  May,  1861,  and  made  application  for 
commission  in  regular  army;  he  was  commissioned  by 
Governor  of  Ohio  to  raise  a  company  of  three  years' 
volunteers;  while  so  engaged  at  Springfield,  Ohio, 
received  appointment  in  regular  army,  and  resigned 
State  appointment. 

I  [e  was  commissioned  second  lieutenant  of  the  Second 
United  States  Infantry  August  5,  [ 86 1,  having  partici- 
pated as  a  private  of  Company  F,  Second  Ohio  Volun- 
teers, in  the  battle  of  first  Bull  Run,  July  21,  iNf.i,  and 
discharged  July  3  1 ,  [861.  lie  joined  the  Second  United 
States  Infantry  in  Washington,  and  there  was  employed 
with  his  regiment  on  provost  duty  until  his  regiment 
took  the  field  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  in  [862, 
and  was  engaged  at  the  siege  of  Yorktown,  battles  of 
Gaines' Mill,  Malvern  Hill,  second  Bull  Run,  Antietam, 
action  of  Shepherdstown  Lord,  and  battles  of  Fred- 
ericksburg and  Chancellorsville;  and  with  reserve  at 
the  battles  of  Hanover  Court-House,  Mechanicsville,  and 
White  Oak  Swamp;  engaged  at  the  operations  at  Mine 
Run,  and  with  reserve  at  the  battles  of  Rappahannock 
Station  and  Bristoe  Station.  He  was  promoted  first 
lieutenant  l  >.  tober  9,  1861,  and  captain  May  1,  1863. 

Colonel  Drum  was  detailed  as  acting  inspector  of  the 
Provost-Marshal's  Department  of  the  State  of  Wiscon- 
sin in  May,  1863,  and  remained  on  that  duty  until  July 


of  the  same  year,  when  he  rejoined  his  company  in  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  but  was  shortly  transferred  with 
his  regiment  to  New  York  City,  where  he  participated  in 
quelling  the  draft  riots.  He  was  then  detailed  on  duty 
in  New  York  harbor,  and  appointed  inspector  of  the 
Prison  Camp  at  Elmira,  New  York,  until  February, 
[864,  when  he  joined  his  regiment  in  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  and  was  present  at  the  battles  of  the  Wilder- 
ness, Spottsylvania,  North  Anna,  Tolopotomy,  Bethesda 
Church,  Petersburg,  Weldon  Railroad,  Poplar  Grove 
Church,  and  First  Hatcher's  Run;  he  was  appointed 
lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Fifth  New  York  Volunteers 
April  1,  [865,  and  was  engaged  at  the  battle  of  Five 
Forks,  Virginia,  and  the  subsequent  capitulation  of  Lee's 
army  at  Appomattox  Court-House  April  9,  1865.  He 
was  made  a  brevet  major  U.S.A.  for  gallant  services 
during  the  campaign  of  1  864  before  Richmond,  Virginia; 
brevet  lieutenant-colonel  U.S.A.  for  gallant  and  merito- 
rious services  at  the  battle  of  Five  Points,  Virginia. 

At  the  close  of  the  war  Colonel  Drum  was  on  duty 
guarding  mustered-out  troops  at  Hart's  Island,  from 
June  to  August,  [865,  when  he  was  mustered  out  of  the 
volunteer  service  and  joined  his  company  at  Fort  Ham- 
ilton, New  York  harbor.  He  was  in  November,  1865, 
transferred  with  his  company  to  Louisville,  Kentucky, 
where  he  was  detailed  as  acting  assistant  adjutant-gen- 
eral, which  position  he  occupied  to  March,  1869,  and 
from  that  time  to  September,  1876,  was  on  duty  with  his 
company  in  the  States  of  Alabama,  Georgia,  Mississippi, 
and  South  Carolina. 

He  was  then  ordered  on  recruiting  service  duty  at 
Boston,  Massachusetts,  from  which  he  was  relieved  at 
his  own  request  in  July,  1877,  and  joined  his  regiment, 
then  serving  in  the  Department  of  the  Columbia,  where 
he  participated  in  the  campaigns  incident  to  the  Nez 
Perces  and  Bannock  wars  of  1877-7S.  He  then  returned 
to  recruiting  service  in  Boston,  where  he  remained  to 
October,  1SS0.  On  returning  to  his  regiment  he  was  at 
Fort  Colville,  Washington,  and  was  transferred  to  the 
Department  of  the  Platte,  serving  with  the  Fourteenth 
Infantry  to  August,  1883,  having  been  promoted  major 
of  that  regiment  in  June,  1882.  He  was  at  Fort  Sidney, 
Nebraska,  until  June,  [884,  when  his  regiment  moved  to 
the  Pacific  coast,  where  he  was  detailed  as  acting  assist- 
ant inspector-general  for  the  Department  of  the  Colum- 
bia, but  was  transferred  in  that  position  to  the  Depart- 
ment of  Arizona  in  June,  1NS5,  and  in  August,  1888, 
again  changed  in  the  same  position  to  the  Department 
of  Dakota,  at  St.  Paul,  Minnesota. 

He  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Twelfth 
Infantry  in  December,  1886,  but  was  continued  on  duty 
as  acting  assistant  inspector-general  at  St.  Paul  until  the 
fall  of  1  890,  when  he  was  relieved  and  joined  his  regi- 
ment at  Fort  Yates,  North  Dakota,  his  present  station. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


•3i 


REAR-ADMIRAL  SAMUEL  ERANCIS  DUPONT,  U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Rear-Admiral  Samuel  Francis  Dupont  was  born 
at  Bergen  Point,  New  Jersey  September  27,  1803  ;  died 
in  Philadelphia,  June  23,  1865  ;  grandson  of  P.  S.  Dupont 
Nemours.  Midshipman  in  the  navy  at  twelve  ;  lieutenant 
April  26,  1826;  commander  October  28,  1842.  In  1845 
he  was  ordered  to  the  Pacific  in  command  of  the  frigate 
"  Congress,"  and  during  the  Mexican  War  saw  much  active 
service  on  the  California  coast.  In  the  "  Cyane"  he  cap- 
tured San  Diego  ;  cleared  the  Gulf  of  California  of  Mexi- 
can vessels  ;  took  La  Paz,  the  capital  of  Lower  California  ; 
assisted  in  the  capture  of  Mazatlan  in  November,  1847, 
and  defended  Lower  California  against  the  Indians  and 
Mexicans.  In  February,  1848,  he  landed  at  San  Jose 
with  a  hundred  marines  and  sailors,  and  defeated  and 
dispersed  a  Mexican  force  five  times  as  great.  Captain 
September  14,  1855.  Having  recommended  the  occu- 
pation of  Port  Royal  as  a  central  harbor  or  depot  on  the 
Southern  coast,  he  was  given  the  command  of  the  South 
Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron,  and  intrusted  with  the 
attack  on  that  place.  Sailing  from  Fortress  Monroe, 
October  29,  1861,  in  the  "  Wabash,"  with  a  fleet  of  fifty- 
sail  of  war-vessels  and  transports,  conve)ing  General 
Sherman's  troops,  lie  arrived  off  Port  Royal  November 
4  and  5,  after  a  violent  storm,  and  on  the  7th  attacked 
and  captured  two  strong  forts  on  Hilton  Head  and  Bay 
Point,  which  defended  the  harbor.  lie  followed  up  this 
advantage  vigorously,  ami  his  operations  along  the 
Southern  coast  were  invariably  successful.  He  also  suc- 
ceeded in  making  the  blockade  more  effective  than  before. 
July  16,  1862,  he  was  made  a  rear-admiral  on  the  active 
list.  In  April,  1863,  he  commanded  the  fleet  which  un- 
successfully  attacked   Charleston.     He  was    soon    after 


relieved  of  the  command  of  the  South  Atlantic  Block- 
ading Squadron,  and  subsequently  held  no  active  com- 
mand. Admiral  Dupont  aided  in  organizing  the  Naval 
School  at  Annapolis,  and  is  the  author  of  a  report  on  the 
use  of  floating-batteries  for  coast-defence,  which  has  been 
republished  and  highly  commended  in  England  by  Sir 
Howard  Douglas  in  his  work  on  naval  gunnery. 

The  history  of  Dupont  de  Nemours  is  a  notable  and 
interesting  one.  For  three  generations  the  name  has 
been  associated  with  the  great  powder-mills  near  Wil- 
mington, Delaware,  which  are  carried  on  upon  a  grand 
scale,  with  enlightened  appreciation  of  the  changes  in 
explosives  required  by  modern  guns.  The  firm,  yet 
benevolent,  manner  in  which  the  employes  of  this  exceed- 
ingly hazardous  business  are  managed  is  worthy  of  all 
praise. 


1.32 


OFFICERS   OF  TFIF  ARMY  AXD   XAVY  {regular) 


COMMANDER  GEORGE  R.  DURANl).  U.S.N. 

Commander  George  R.  Durand  was  born  in  Con- 
necticut. Appointed  from  Rhode  Island,  and  rated 
master's  mate,  October  26,  1861  ;  steamer  "Mystic," 
North  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron,  part  of  1861-62. 
Appointed  acting  master  April  14,  1862;  executive, 
b  amer  "  Mohawk,"  South  Atlantic  Blockading  Squad- 
ron, part  of  1862-63,  and  commanding  same  vessel  latter 
half  of  1863;  executive,  sloop  "John  Adams"  and  steamer 
"  Paul  Jones,"  part  of  1864,  same  squadron  ;  in  July,  1864, 
while  on  an  expedition  up  the  Ogeechee  River,  Georgia, 
with   two  men   and   a   guide,  to   endeavor  to  burn   the 


steamer  "  Water-Witch,"  latch'  captured  from  us  by  the 
enemy,  was  captured  by  a  company  of  Confederates, 
thirty-four  men ;  was  confined  in  Savannah  and  Macon, 
Georgia,  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  and  I.ibby  Prison, 
Richmond,  Virginia  ;  navigator,  then  executive,  steamer 
"  Muscoota,"  Gulf  Squadron,  1865-66.  Promoted  to 
acting  volunteer  lieutenant  June  27,  1866;  executive, 
steamer  "Penobscot,"  New  York,  latter  part  of  1866; 
navigator,  then  executive,  steamer  "  Osceola,"  West 
Indies,  1867;  executive,  steamer  "  Maumee,"  1867-68. 
Commissioned  as  master  in  regular  navy  from  March  12, 
[868;  receiving-ship  "  New  Hampshire,"  Norfolk,  1868; 
navigator,  steamer  "  Ashuelot,"  Asiatic  Squadron,  1869. 
Commissioned  as  lieutenant,  from  December  18,  (868; 
receiving-ships  "  Vermont,"  at  New  York,  and  "  Van- 
dal ia,"  at  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  1870;  command- 
ing steamer  "Speedwell,"  at  Portsmouth,  New  Hamp- 
shire, 1871  ;  executive,  steamer  "  Nipsic,"  Gulf  and  West 
Indies,  [871—72;  receiving-ships  "Vermont,"  at  New 
York,  and  "  Ohio,"  at  Boston,  [873;  again  commanding 
steamer  "Speedwell,"  at  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire, 
part  of  [873—74;  receiving-ship  "  Ohio,"  1874;  com- 
manding iron-clad  steamer  "  Mahopac,"  North  Atlantic 
Station,  [874—76;  iron-clad  steamer  "  Canonieus,"  New 
<  Means,  part  of  1 S74  ;  receiving-ship"  Wabash,"  Boston, 
1S77.  Commissioned  as  lieutenant-commander,  from 
November  25,  1877;  commanding  iron-clad  steamer 
"Lehigh,"  North  Atlantic  Station,  [877—82;  executive, 
"Alliance,"  North  Atlantic  Station,  [883—86;  iron-clads, 
James  River,  [886-89.  Promoted  to  commander  March, 
1889;   Light-House  Inspector  1889-90. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


COMMANDER  N.    MAYO   DYER,    U.S.N. 

Commander  N.  Mayo  Dyer  entered  the  volunteer  navy 
in  1861  as  a  master's  mate  and  served  in  that  grade  in 
the  Western  Gulf  Squadron  until  he  was,  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  conduct,  promoted  to  acting  ensign  May  18, 
1863,  and  appointed  to  command  the  "  Eugenie,"  after- 
wards called  the  "  Glasgow,"  blockading  off  Mobile  and 
despatch  duty.  January  12,  1864,  promoted  to  acting 
master  in  consideration  of  gallant  and  faithful  service; 
July,  1864,  granted  two  months'  leave;  but  relinquished 
it  uiiiin  arriving  at  New  Orleans  en  route  north,  upon 
learning  of  the  near  prospect  of  an  attack  upon  the 
Mobile  forts.  Returning  off  Mobile,  and  soliciting  orders, 
he  was  assigned  to  the  "  Metacomet"  July  19,  1864,  in 
which  vessel,  as  the  consort  of  the  "  Hartford,"  took  part 
in  the  passage  of  the  forts  and  the  capture  of  the  rebel 
fleet,  receiving  the  surrender  of  the  "  Selma"  in  person. 
Upon  the  surrender  of  Fort  Morgan  he  accepted  his 
leave,  before  relinquished,  and  upon  his  return  therefrom, 
October  28,  1864,  was  ordered  to  the  "  Hartford,"  flag- 
ship of  Admiral  Farragut.  Upon  that  vessel's  return 
north,  December,  1864,  Master  Dyer  was  appointed  to 
the  command  of  the  U.  S.  S.  "  Rodolph,"  with  which 
command  he  co-operated  with  the  forces  under  General 
Granger  during  the  winter  of  1864-65,  in  their  operation 
against  Mobile  from  Pascagoula,  rendering  important 
service  in  this  connection  in  Mississippi  Sound  and  Pas- 
cagoula River.  In  the  advance  upon  the  defences  of 
Mobile  in  the  spring  of  [865  via  Blakely,  his  vessel,  the 
"  Rodolph,"  was  sunk  by  a  torpedo  in  Blakely  River 
April  1,  1865. 

April  22,  1865,  Master  Dyer  was  promoted  to  an 
acting  volunteer  lieutenant,  and  upon  the  surrender  of 
the  rebel  fleet  under  Commodore  Farrand,  in  the  Tom- 
bigbee  River,  May  10,  1865,  Lieutenant  Dyer  was  selected 
to  command  successively  two  of  the  surrendered  vessels, 
the  "  Black  Diamond"  and  "  Morgan  ;"  appointed  to 
i  ommand  the  "  Elk"  in  June,  1865,  and  in  July  ordered 
to  command  the  "  Stockdale,"  and  proceed  t<>  Mississippi 
Sound  for  the  protection  of  the  people  along  that  shore, 
and  to  "  cultivate  friendly  relations  with  the  people  lately 
in  rebellion;"  September,  1  865,  "  Stockdale"  was  ordered 
to  New  Orleans  to  be  sold,  and  Lieutenant  Dyer  was 
transferred  to  the  "  Mahaska"  at  Apalachicola,  Florida  ; 
in  October  detached  from  the  "  Mahaska"  and  ordered 
to  command  the  "  Glasgow"  at  Pensacola;  April,  1866, 
detached  and  ordered  north  to  report  to  the  Bureau  of 
Navigation;  on  special  duty  in  that  bureau  until  May, 
1868. 

Commissioned  a  lieutenant  in  the  regular  navy  March 
12,  1 868;  July,  1868,  ordered  to  the  "  Dacotah,"  South 
Pacific  Squadron,  joining  at  Valparaiso  August  27. 
December    18,    1868,   commissioned   as   lieutenant-com- 


mander; the  "Dacotah"  being  ordered  to  San  Fran- 
cisco, upon  her  arrival  there  Lieutenant-Commander 
Dyer  was  ordered,  September,  1869,  to  command  the 
"Cyane,"  and  proceed  to  Sitka,  Alaska,  where  he  re- 
mained until  March,  1870,  from  whence  he  was  ordered 
to  San  Francisco  to  join  the  "  Pensacola ;"  ordered  to 
"  Ossipee"  July,  1870,  on  a  short  cruise  to  Lower  Cali- 
fornia and  the  Mexican  coast.  While  the  "  Ossipee"  was 
proceeding  north  from  the  Mexican  coast,  she  encoun- 
tered a  hurricane,  which  left  the  sea  in  a  troubled  state, 
and  in  the  morning,  whilst  making  a  sail,  a  man  fell  oxer- 
board  from  the  maintopsail-yard,  the  halyards  carrying 
him  away  while  hoisting  topsails.  Striking  in  the 
main-chains  he  was  knocked  senseless,  and  was  drifting 
astern. 

Commander  Dyer  was  taking  an  observation  on  the 
poop-deck,  and,  immediately  turning  a  bowline  in  the  end 
of  a  boat-fall,  jumped  into  the  sea  and  saved  the  man  from 
sharks  or  drowning.  For  this  he  was  publicly  thanked  by 
Commodore  W.  R.  Taylor,  commander-in-chief,  and  re- 
ceived a  medal,  etc.  In  September  to  the  South  Pacific 
Station;  detached  and  ordered  home  August  22,  1S71  ; 
November  7,  1  871 ,  ordered  to  Boston  Navy- Yard;  Sep- 
tember 1,  1873,  to  Torpedo  School  at  Newport;  No- 
vember 24  to  command  torpedo-boat  "  Mayflower"  at 
Norfolk,  for  duty  on  the  North  Atlantic  Station  ;  April 
IO,  1874,  transferred  to  command  of  the  "  Pinta  ;"  Feb- 
ruary, 1876,  detached  from  the  "  Pinta"  and  ordered  to 
the  "  New  Hampshire"  as  executive-officer  for  perma- 
nent flag-ship  at  Port  Royal.  He  was  detached  from  the 
"New  Hampshire"  in  December,  1876,  and  was  next 
upon  equipment  duty  at  the  Boston  Navy- Yard.  "  Wa- 
bash," receiving-ship,  1880-81.  "  Tennessee,"  North  At- 
lantic Station,  1881-83.  Promoted  commander  April, 
1883;  light-house  inspector  1883-87;  commanded  the 
"  Marion,"  Asiatic  Station,  1887-90. 


'34 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  [regular) 


C  MM  M\  AND  BREVET  MAJOR  CHANDLER  P.  EAKIN, 
U.S.A.  (retired). 

Captain  and  Brevet  Major  Chandler  P.  Eakin 
was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  December  26, 
1836.  He  entered  the  volunteer  service  at  the  com- 
mencement of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  as  private  of  an 
independent  company  of  Pennsylvania  heavy  artillery 
April  24,  1861,  and  was  discharged  June  25,  1861.  He 
entered  the  regular  service  as  second  lieutenant  of  the 
First  Artillery  August  5,  [861,  and  was-  promoted  first 
lieutenant  October  26,  1861.  He  served  with  his  com- 
pany in  Maryland  to  (  Ictober,  1861.  He  participated  in 
the  campaigns  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  in  1862-63, 
and  was  engaged  at  the  siege  of  Yorktown  and  battles  of 
Williamsburg  (where  he  was  severely  wounded)  and 
Gettysburg,  where  he  was  again  severely  wounded. 

lie  joined   his  battery  in  January,  [864,  and  w; 
recruiting  duty  from  April,  [864,  to  January,  1865,  when 
he  joined  and  commanded  his  battery  in  front  of  Peters- 
bur-,  Virginia,  and   participated    in    General    Sheridan's 
march  to  North  Carolina.      He  was  brevetted  captain  for 


"  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  Wil- 
liamsburg," and  major  for  "  gallant  and  meritorious  ser- 
vices in  the  battle  of  Gettysburg." 

On  July  28,  1 866,  he  was  appointed  captain  of  the 
Forty-second  Infantry,  which  he  declined,  and  eight 
years  afterwards  (October  1,  1S74)  became  captain  in  the 
hirst  Artillery. 

Captain  Eakin  was  at  Fort  Schuyler,  New  York,  from 
<  ><  lober,  1S65,  to  April,  1866,  and  then  was  detailed  on 
recruiting  duty  at  Philadelphia,  and  on  court-martial  duty 
in  New  York  City,  to  January,  1868.  He  was  at  Fortress 
Monroe  to  November,  1S6S,  and  at  McPherson  Barracks, 
Georgia,  to  December  of  the  same  year,  at  which  time 
he  was  ordered  to  the  Artillery  School  of  Fortress 
Monroe.  Leaving  here  in  May,  1869,  his  lot  carried 
him  to  the  posts  of  New  York  harbor  until  November, 
1  87 j,  when  a  change  of  stations  occurred,  and  he  was 
stationed  first  at  Key  West,  and  subsequently  at  Bar- 
rancas, Florida,  at  which  latter  place  he  was  in  1874, 
during  the  yellow-fever  epidemic.  Here  his  old  wounds 
reopened,  and  he  was  taken  to  New  (  Irleans,  and  thence 
to  his  home  in  Philadelphia,  where  he  remained  on  sick- 
leave  until  December,  1S75,  when  he  rejoined  his  battery 
at  Fort  Adams.  In  July,  1876,  he  was  sent  to  Fort  Sill, 
Indian  Territory,  during  the  Sioux  war  of  that  year,  and 
in  December  following  was  stationed  at  Washington 
Barracks,  D.  C. ;  and  in  1877  was  ordered  to  Fort 
Adams,  from  which  point  he  moved  to  Philadelphia, 
thence  to  Reading,  and  finally  to  Mauch  Chunk,  taking 
part  in  quelling  the  mining  riots  of  that  year,  after  which 
he  returned  to  Fort  Adams. 

Captain  Eakin,  with  his  battery,  participated  in  the 
Yorktown  celebration  in  1881,  and  in  the  fall  of  that 
year  changed  stations  to  California,  serving  at  Fort  Point, 
Fort  Canby,  and  the  Presidio  of  San  Francisco,  from 
which  point  he  was  retired  for  disability  in  the  line  of 
duty  January  14,  1SS8. 

Major  Eakin  is  the  son  of  Lieutenant  C.  M.  Eakin, 
Second  Artillery,  and  grandson  of  Paymaster  Samuel  H. 
Eakin,  U.  S.  Army. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


135 


CAPTAIN  FREDERICK  H.  E.   EBSTEIN.  U.S.A. 

Captain  Frederick  H.  E.  Ebstein  (Twenty-first 
Infantry)  was  born  at  Militsch,  Prussia,  April  21,  1847; 
educated  at  the  Poughkeepsie  (New  York)  Collegiate 
Institute.  He  entered  the  military  service  November  18, 
1864,  at  the  age  of  seventeen,  as  a  private  in  Company  H, 
Fourth  United  States  Infantry.  He  joined  his  regiment 
in  the  field  in  Virginia,  and  served  with  it  there  till  the 
close  of  the  war.  Subsequently,  as  a  corporal  and  ser- 
geant, he  served  at  Batter)-  Barracks,  New  York  ;  Fort 
Schuyler,  New  York  harbor,  and  Fort  Wayne,  Michigan. 
Later  he  became  chief  clerk  at  head-quarters  of  the 
Departments  of  the  Ohio  and  of  the  Lakes. 

He  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  of  the  Eighteenth 
Infantry  September  12,  1867,  joining  his  regiment  at  Fort 
Fetterman,  Wyoming ;  serving  later  at  Fort  Sedgwick, 
Colorado,  and  Atlanta,  Georgia.  While  on  the  plains  he 
participated  in  several  scouts  against  hostile  Sioux. 

He  was  placed  on  waiting  orders  by  the  consolidation 
of  regiments  in  1860,  but  was  in  Jul}-  of  the  same  year 
assigned  to  the  Twenty- first  Infantry,  joining  Company  H 
at  Camp  Date  Creek,  Arizona,  and  was  engaged  in  post 
and  scouting  duty  in  that  Territory  during  the  three  years 
follow  ing. 

Being  transferred  to  San  Juan  Island,  Washington 
Territory,  in  1872,  he  received,  on  behalf  of  the  United 
States,  the  British  property  on  that  island,  upon  the  with- 
drawal of  the  British  troops. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  February  19,  [873, 
and  served  at  Fort  Klamath,  Oregon,  until  June,  1876, 
when  he  was  appointed  regimental  quartermaster,  and 
ordered  to  Fort  Vancouver,  Washington  Territory.  In 
the  summer  and  fall  of  1877  he  participated  in  the  expe- 
dition against  hostile  Nez  Perces,  as  chief  quartermaster 
on  the  staff  of  General  O.  O.  Howard,  and  was  present 
at  the  engagements  at  Cottonwood  (Ravine),  Idaho,  and 
Camas  Meadows,  Montana.  On  being  relieved,  he  re- 
ceived the  following  complimentary  order  :  "  The  general 
commanding  takes  this  opportunity  to  express  his  satis- 
faction at  the  efficient  manner  in  which  Lieutenant  Ebstein 
has  discharged  the  duties  of  chief  quartermaster  of  this 
expedition." 

In  the  summer  of  1S78  he  was  again  in  the  field  against 
the  Bannock  Indians,  serving  as  chief  quartermaster  on 
the  staff  of  General  O.  O.  Howard,  and  participated  in 
the  engagement  at  Umatilla  Agency,  Oregon.  Return- 
ing to  Fort  Vancouver,  he  resumed  duty  at  that  post  as 
regimental  and  post  quartermaster  until  September  30, 
1880,  when  he  resigned  his  regimental  staff  appointment 
to  accept  the  recruiting  detail. 

He  served  as  depot  adjutant,  David's  Island,  New  York 


harbor,  to  October,  1S82  ;  then  travelled  in  Europe  during 
the  winter  of  [882-83,  and  subsequently  served  at  Fort 
Canby  and  Vancouver  Barracks,  Washington,  and  was 
subsequently  transferred  with  his  regiment  to  Fort  Sid- 
ney, Nebraska,  in    1884. 

He  became  captain  April  1,  1885,  and  served  in  the 
field  at  Crisfield,  Kansas,  as  acting  assistant  adjutant- 
general  of  the  troops  assembled  there  during  the  Cheyenne 
troubles  in  18S5,  and  again  in  the  fall  of  the  same  year 
in  command  of  his  company  at  Rock  Springs,  Wyoming, 
during  the  anti-Chinese  riots.  He  participated  also  in 
the  camps  of  instruction  at  Kearney,  Nebraska,  1888,  and 
Fort  Robinson,  Nebraska,  1889. 

In  addition  to  the  above-mentioned  service,  Captain 
Ebstein  has  performed  duty  as  issuing  commissary  for  the 
Apache-Mojave  and  Apache-Yuma  Indians;  as  quarter- 
master, commissary,  and  adjutant  at  various  posts;  as 
acting  assistant  adjutant-general,  District  of  the  Lakes, 
and  as  disbursing  quartermaster  at  head-quarters,  Depart- 
ment of  the  Columbia.  He  has  performed  the  duties  of 
judge-advocate  of  numerous  important  courts-martial 
and  courts  of  inquiry;  was  recorder  of  the  court  of 
inquiry  appointed  by  the  President  at  Jefferson  Barracks, 
Missouri,  to  investigate  the  causes  of  desertions;  was  on 
duty  under  the  War  Department  in  connection  with  the 
establishment  of  canteens  at  military  posts  ;  member  of 
boards  of  examination  for  promotion  of  non-commis- 
sioned officers,  and  president  of  board  of  officers  at  Fort 
Snelling,  to  prepare  a  system  of  book-keeping  for  post 
canteens.  In  the  winter  of  1890  he  participated,  in  com- 
mand of  his  company,  in  the  Sioux  campaign. 

Captain  Ebstein's  present  station  is  with  his  company 
at  Fort  Sidnev,  Nebraska. 


ij6 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  ARMY  AXD  NAVY  (regular) 


MAJOR  WILLIAM  FRANCIS  EDGAR,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Major  William  Francis  Edgar  was  horn  in  Ken- 
tucky, and  entered  the  regular  service  as  first  lieutenant 
and  assistant  surgeon  March  2,  1849.  His  first  duty 
was  .it  Jefferson  Barracks,  Missouri,  and  he  then  accom- 
panied the  Second  United  States  Dragoons  on  the  march 
fnmi  that  place  to  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  lie  was 
next  ordered  with  the  Mounted  Rifles  on  the  march 
overland  to  Oregon,  and  subsequently  in  an  expedition 
to  Utah,  and  at  Fort  Hall  (Cantonment  Loring),  Rocky 
Mountains,  up  to  April,  1850.  He  served  in  Oregon 
and  Washington  Territories  to  April,  [851,  and  partici- 
pated in  an  expedition  against  the  Rogue  River  Indians 
with  the  First  Dragoons  (Major  Philip  Kearney's  expe- 
dition), and  thence  en  route  to  California,  to  August 
1851. 

The  doctor  was  then  stationed  at  Sonoma  and  Benicia, 
California,  with  the  First  Dragoons  and  Second  Infantry, 
and  at  Camp  Miller,  head-waters  San  Joaquin  River, 
with  the  Second  Infantry.  From  this  point  he  accom- 
panied the  Second  Infantry  in  an  expedition  against  hos- 
tile  Indians  in  the  Yosemite  Valley  and  Sierra  Nevada 
Mountains,  t<>  September,  1852.  lie  was  then  stationed 
at  Fort  Reading,  head-waters  of  the  Sacramento  River, 
with  the  Fourth  Infantry,  and  took  the  field  with  the 
First  Dragoons  en  route  to  establish  Fort  Tejon.in  South- 
ern California.  The  doctor  was  partially  paralyzed  on 
the  left  side,  on  returning  to  camp  on  the  morning  of 
December  9,  1N54,  after  unusual  exertion  while  being 
exposed  all  the  previous  night  to  the  intense  cold  of  a 
mountain  snow-storm,  and  an  injury  of  the  left  hip  and 


lower  part  of  the  spine,  from  the  falling  of  a  horse  while 
cut  searching,  with  a  teamster,  for  a  wounded  soldier. 

He  was  promoted  captain  ami  assistant  surgeon  March 
2,  1854,  and  in  April,  I  S 5  5 ,  was  en  route  to  Washington, 
and  subsequently  assigned  to  duty  at  Jefferson  Barracks, 
with  the  Second  Cavalry.  His  service  here  was  of  tem- 
porary duration,  for,  in  September  of  the  same  year,  he- 
was  en  route  to  Texas  by  sea.  In  1856  he  was  at  the 
Head-quarters  Department,  Texas,  from  which  he  was 
ordered  with  the  Second  Artillery  by  sea  and  stationed 
with  that  regiment  in  Florida  for  a  short  while,  when  he 
was  ordered  to  New  York  by  sea,  with  the  sick  of  the 
troops  serving  in  Florida. 

The  doctor  was  stationed  at  Fort  Wood,  New  York 
harbor,  until  \'. S57,  when  he  was  detailed  for  duty  in  the 
office  of  the  medical  purveyor  at  New  York  City.  He 
was  then  ordered  to  accompany  recruits  to  California 
and  was  stationed  at  Fort  Miller,  with  the  Third  Artil- 
lery, but  was  subsequently  changed  to  the  Presidio  of  San 
Francisco,  and  afterwards  to  Benicia.  He  participated 
in  an  expedition  with  the  First  Dragoons  against  the 
Mojave  Indians  on  the  Colorado  River  in  1858,  and  in  an 
expedition  against  the  same  in  Arizona  in  1859,  with  the 
Sixth  Infantry  and  Third  Artillery,  and  then  stationed  at 
Camp  Prentice,  California,  and  San  Diego,  with  part  of 
the  Fourth  and  Sixth  Regiments  of  Infantry  until  No- 
vember, 1 86 1. 

These  regiments  being  ordered  east,  to  take  part  in  the 
war  of  the  Rebellion,  the  doctor  was  ordered  to  accom- 
pany them  by  sea  to  New  York,  and  thence  to  Washing- 
ton, D.C.  He  was  promoted  major  and  surgeon  May 
24,  1861,  and  upon  arrival  at  Washington  was  ordered 
to  duty  with  General  Buell's  army  in  Kentucky,  and  was 
given  charge  of  the  General  Hospital,  Number  4,  in 
Louisville.  He  was  medical  director  of  the  district  of 
Cairo,  Illinois,  to  1862,  when  he  was  taken  sick  on  ac- 
count of  feeble  health,  resulting  from  former  injuries. 
Upon  replying  to  an  inquiry  regarding  field  duty  at  that 
tunc,  "that  a  surgical  operation  was  necessary  first,"  he 
was  ordered  before  a  retiring  board  and  retired  from 
active  duty  "  for  disability  in  the  line  of  duty."  Fie  was 
then  placed  on  duty  in  the  medical  director's  office  of 
the  Department  of  the  East,  as  assistant  medical  director, 
and  while  there  was  member  of  the  board  examining 
applicants  for  admission  to  the  medical  corps  of  the 
army.  The  doctor  performed  various  other  duties,  and 
was  sent  once  more  to  California  by  sea,  in  March,  1866; 
but  upon  his  own  application  was  relieved  from  duty 
May  21,  1869,  for  one  year,  and  in  consequence  of  the 
act  of  Congress  of  1870  was  not  again  assigned  to  duty. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


137 


COMMODORE  HENRY   ERBEN,  U.S.N. 

Commodore  Henry  Erben  is  a  native  of  the  city  of 
New  York,  and  was  appointed  midshipman  in  June, 
1  848,  from  that  city.  He  was  ordered  to  the  frigate  "  St. 
Lawrence,"  and  served  in  that  fine  vessel  from  July, 
1S4S,  to  July,  1853  ;  was  on  duty  on  the  Coast  Survey  in 
1854,  and  at  the  Naval  Academy  in  1855.  He  became 
passed  midshipman  the  same  year.  While  serving  in  the 
"Potomac"  frigate,  in  1855,  he  was  made  master,  and 
ordered  to  the  prize  filibuster  bark  "  Amelia,"  which  had 
been  captured  at  Porto-Prince,  Hayti.  The  officer  in 
charge  was  ordered  to  take  her  to  New  York,  but,  after 
seventy  days  at  sea,  he  arrived  at  St.  Thomas,  destitute  of 
provisions  and  a  wreck.  During  1856-57  he  was  attached 
to  the  store-ship  "  Supply,"  employed  in  bringing  camels 
for  the  War  Department  from  Egypt  to  Texas.  He  was 
made  lieutenant  in  December,  1856.  For  a  part  of  1857 
he  was  in  the  steamer  "  Vixen,"  making  deep-sea  sound- 
ings for  the  Atlantic  cable,  and  in  August  joined  the  U.S.S. 
"  Mississippi,"  and  served  in  her  in  the  East,— bringing 
home  the  Chinese  treat}-  in  November,  1859.  While  serv- 
ing in  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  in  the  "  Supply,"  he  was  at 
Pensacola  when  the  navy-yard  there  was  surrendered  to 
the  troops  of  Alabama  and  Florida.  lie  assisted  in  trans- 
ferring the  troops  under  Lieutenant  Slemmer  from  Fort 
Barrancas  to  Fort  Pickens  <  m  the  night  of  January  9,  [861. 
On  the  previous  day  he  had,  with  a  boat's  crew,  spiked 
the  guns  at  Fort  MacRea,  destroyed  material  and  twenty 
thousand  pounds  of  powder.  He  returned  to  New  York 
with  the  sailors,  marines,  and  workmen  of  the  surrendered 
navy-yard. 

In  March,  1861,  he  returned  to  Fort  Pickens  in  the 
"  Release,"  and  was  transferred  to  the  "  Huntsville"  on 
the  blockade.  In  action  with  rebel  gun-boats  and  bat- 
teries at  Ship  Island,  and,  in  December,  off  Mobile  with 
the  rebel  gun-boat  "  Florida,"  which,  during  the  tem- 
porary absence  of  the  "  Huntsville,"  had  come  out  in  a 
calm  to  destroy  the  sailing-frigate  "  Potomac." 

He  was  ordered  to  the  Mississippi  River  fleet  in  April, 
1862,  and  commanded  iron-clad  "St.  Louis"  at  the  siege 
of  Fort  Pillow  and  in  action  with  rebel  rams,  May,  1862  ; 
capture  of  Memphis  in  June,  1862.  Served  on  the  ad- 
miral's staff!  Commanded  the  "  Sumter"  at  the  siege  of 
Vicksburg,  and  passed  the  batteries  there  with  Farragut, 
July  15,  1862.  At  the  battle  of  Baton  Rouge  August  6, 
1862,  and  destruction  of  rebel  ram  "Arkansas"  August 
7,  1862.     Lieutenant-commander  on  July  16,  1862. 

He  returned  to  the  east  to  join  the  naval  howitzer 
battery  in  Maryland,  with  General  McClellan,  during  the 
Antietam  campaign,  and  in  October,  1862,  joined  the 
monitor  "  Patapsco"  as  executive-officer.  Engaged  at  Fort 
McAllister  in  March,  1S63,  and  attack  on  forts  at  Charles- 
ton in  April,  1863.  Steam-frigate  "  Niagara"  on  special 
18 


service  on  Atlantic  coast  from  November,  1863,  to  May, 
iSf4.  In  July,  [ 864,  he  was  ordered  to  command  monitor 
"  Chimo"  and  then  the  monitor  "Tunxis,"  which  vessels 
were  intended  to  destroy  the  ram  "Albemarle,"  but  were 
found  unseaworthy  and  condemned.  In  October,  1864, 
ordered  to  command  "  Ponola,"  West  Gulf  Squadron, 
and  captured,  under  the  guns  of  batteries  at  Matagorda, 
Texas,  the  schooner  "  Dale"  and  the  boats  of  the  torpedo 
station,  with  twenty  men;  broke  up  the  establishment. 
Engaged  the  batteries  at  Galveston  in  attempting  the 
destruction  of  a  blockade-runner,  the  "  Let  Her  Be."  In 
July,  1865,  he  was  ordered  home,  and  was  on  duty  at  the 
New  York  Navy-Yard  during  1866.  From  1867101869 
he  commanded  steamers  "  1  Iuron,"  "  Kansas,"  and  "  Paw- 
nee" on  South  Atlantic  Station.  He  was  commissioned 
commander  in  1868.  During  1871-72  he  was  upon  ord- 
nance and  rendezvous  duty  in  New  York,  and  in  1873 
commanded  the  monitor  "  Manhattan"  at  Key  West  dur- 
ing the  critical  period  of  a  serious  misunderstanding  with 
Spain. 

In  1874-75  Commander  Erben  was  in  command  of 
the  "Tuscarora,"  of  the  North  Pacific  Squadron,  and 
employed  in  running  deep-sea  soundings.  He  then  had 
a  term  of  shore-duty  at  the  navy-yard,  Portsmouth,  New 
Hampshire;  but  went  to  sea  again,  from  1878  to  1882,  in 
command  of  the  nautical  school-ship  "  St.  Mary's."  He 
was  promoted  captain  in  1879,  and  commanded  the  "  Pen- 
sacola," in  188^-84,  in  cruise  around  the  world.  He  then 
had  another  turn  of  duty  at  the  Portsmouth  Navy-Yard, 
and  then  was  on  special  duty  at  New  York  for  three 
years. 

In  the  early  part  of  1 891  Captain  Erben  was  ordered 
as  governor  to  the  Naval  Asylum  at  Philadelphia,  but, 
being  promoted  commodore  in  1892,  was  soon  transferred 
to  the  important  command  of  the  New  York  Navy- Yard, 
which  he  now  holds. 


133 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (regular* 


COMMANDER   R.  D.  KVANS.  U.S.N. 

Commander  Robley  Dunglison  Evans  was  born  in 
Virginia,  but  was  appointed  a  midshipman  from  the 
Territory  of  Utah  on  September  20,  i860,  lie  was  at 
the  Naval  Academy  when  that  institution  was  transferred, 
temporarily,  from  Annapolis  to  Newport,  Rhode  Island, 
on  account  of  the  war.  The  term  of  his  class  at  the 
Academy  was  shortened  on  account  of  the  pressing 
necessity  for  officers,  and  he  became  ensign  on  Octo- 
ber 1,  1863.  Being  ordered  to  the  steam-frigate  "Pow- 
hatan," he  first  served   iii    the  West    India    Squadron, 


and  then,  in  1864-65,  in  the  North  Atlantic  Blockading 
Squadron. 

He  landed  with  the  force  of  seamen  and  marines  for 
the  land  assault  upon  Fort  Fisher,  ami  received  two 
severe  wounds  from  rifle-shots, -from  the  disabling  effects 
of  which  he  suffered  for  a  considerable  time. 

On  Jul\'  25,  1866,  he  was  commissioned  as  lieutenant, 
and  was,  during  that  year,  attached  to  the  navy-yard  at 
Philadelphia  ;  being  afterwards  transferred  to  ordnance 
duty  at  the  Washington  Navy- Yard. 

He  next  made  a  cruise  in  the  flag-ship  "  Piscataqua," 
of  the  Asiatic  Squadron,  from  1867  to  1869.  During 
this  cruise,  on  March  12,  1868,  he  was  promoted  to  be 
lieutenant-commander.  lie  was  attached,  with  this  rank, 
to  the  Washington  Navy- Yard,  1870-71  ;  and  to  the 
Naval  Academy  in  1871-72. 

From  1873  to  1876  he  cruised  in  the  " Shenandoah," 
second-rate,  and  the  "  Congress,"  second-rate,  of  the 
European  Squadron;  and,  during  ^^7/-/^,  was  in  com- 
mand of  the  training-ship  "  Saratoga." 

He  was  commissioned  commander  in  July,  1878,  and, 
after  service  at  the  Washington  Navy- Yard,  was  light- 
house inspector  from  1882  to  1886.  In  1886-87  he  was 
chief  inspector  of  steel  for  the  new  cruisers.  During 
1887-89  he  held  the  position  of  secretary  of  the  Light- 
House  Board. 

During  1890  he  was  on  leave  of  absence. 

He  was  ordered  to  the  command  of  the  "  Yorktown" 
in  July,  1891,  which  command  he  holds  at  present. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


139 


CAPTAIN  AND  BREVET  MAJOR  EVARTS  S.  EWING, 
U.S.A.  (deceased). 

Captain  and  Brevet  Major  Evarts  S.  Ewing  was 
born  in  Giles  Count}',  Tennessee,  March  25,  1S41.  lie- 
always  had  a  strong  desire  to  go  through  West  Point, 
and  at  one  time  was  offered  an  appointment,  but  bravely 
declined  in  accordance  with  the  wishes  of  his  parents. 
They  hoped  he  might  continue  the  work  of  his  father 
in  the  Presbyterian  ministry.  However,  within  a  week- 
after  the  firing  on  Fort  Sumter,  Evarts  Ewing  was  riding 
over  the  country,  recruiting  a  company  of  volunteers  to 
enter  the  war  of  the  Rebellion.  Southern  born,  yet  his 
sympathies  were  with  his  country  and  the  State  which 
was  at  that  time  his  home. 

Through  his  efforts  and  those  of  a  few  others,  Com- 
pany D  of  the  First  Iowa  Cavalry  was  soon  formed,  and 
Evarts  Ewing  lacked  but  five  votes  of  being  made  the 
first  lieutenant.  He  was  then  offered  the  position  of 
second  lieutenant,  but  refused  it,  saying  he  would  carry 
a  musket  as  a  plain  private.  So  he  rode  away  only  bugler 
and  private  of  Company  D,  but  before  leaving  the  State- 
was  made  quartermaster-sergeant  of  the  regiment,  and 
for  a  time  had  sole  charge  of  that  department,  there  being 
no  commissioned  officer  over  him.  He  became  chief 
bugler  and  commissary-sergeant,  and  served  in  these 
grades  until  September  12,  1863.  His  campaigns  were 
for  the  most  part  west  of  the  Mississippi,  in  those  many 
smaller  engagements  which,  although  less  famous,  were 
none  the  less  heroically  fought  than  the  great  battles  with 
whose  names  we  are  more  familiar.  Perhaps  his  most 
marked  gallantry  was  shown  in  the  battle  of  Prairie 
Grove.  He  was  appointed  captain  and  commissary  of 
subsistence  January  13,  1805,  and  was  honorably  mus- 
tered out  October  9,  1865.  He  was  brevetted  major, 
lieutenant-colonel,  and  colonel  of  volunteers,  October  6 
of  the  same  year,  for  "faithful  and  meritorious  ser- 
vices." 

Colonel  Ewing  entered  the  regular  service  as  second 
lieutenant  of  the  Sixteenth  Infantry,  February  23,  1866, 
and  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  March  19  the  same- 
year.  The  brevets  of  captain  and  major,  U.  S.  Arm}', 
were  conferred  upon  him  March  2,  1867,  for  "gallant 
and  meritorious  services."  He  was  transferred  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Infantry  September  21,  1866,  and  upon  the 
consolidation  of  regiments  was  transferred  back  to  his 
old  regiment,  the  Sixteenth,  in  which,  to  his  last  day,  he 
always  maintained  the  greatest  pride  and  interest. 

He  was  serving  in  Washington  in  1867  as  aide-de-camp 
to  General  O.  O.  Howard,  when  General  Joseph  A.  Mower 
applied  to  the  War  Department  for  an  especially  efficient 
and  responsible  man  to  act  as  department  quartermaster 
on  his  staff,  and  Major  Ewing  was  relieved  of  his  position 
on  General  Howard's  staff  to  fill  this  place  on  General 
Mower's. 


Since  then  he  served  with  his  regiment  at  the  various 
posts  where  he  was  stationed.  He  was  on  duty  in 
New  Orleans  in  1876  during  the  famous  White  League 
troubles,  and  later  at  different  posts  of  the  Indian  Ter- 
ritory, Kansas,  and  Texas.  He  served  as  regimental 
quartermaster  of  the  Sixteenth  Infantry  from  March  9, 
1880,  to  April  30,  1880,  when  he  was  promoted  to  captain 
of  Company  15. 

Major  Ewing  was  retired  from  active  service  the  3d  of 
January,   1885,  for  disability  in  line  of  duty  (sec.   1251 
rev.  stat.). 

In  May,  1885,  Major  Ewing  was  honored  by  an  invi- 
tation from  the  board  of  managers  of  the  World's  Fair 
in  New  Orleans  to  take  command  of  the  large  inter- 
state encampment  of  militia  to  take  place  at  the  close  of 
the  exposition.  He  accepted  the  offer,  and  won  a  most 
enviable  reputation  among  all  who  understood  military 
matters. 

Among  many  other  honors,  Major  Ewing  might  claim 
that  of  being  the  father  of  target  practice  in  the  U.  S. 
Army,  it  being  through  his  letters,  written  to  the  Army 
and  Navy  Journal,  and  the  example  he  set  by  his  untiring 
efforts  in  that  direction  in  his  own  company,  that  the  War 
Department  first  became  interested  in  what  is  to-day  so 
prominent  a  feature  of  our  arm}-.  Major  Ewing  was  the 
first  commissioned  officer  in  the  Department  of  Texas  to 
be  given  a  marksman's  button. 

His  nature  was  a  remarkable  combination  of  the  poet 
and  the  soldier  ;  from  childhood  his  highest  aims  were  in 
a  military  line,  but  next  to  this  he  hoped  to  achieve  fame 
in  the  literary  world. 

Shortly  after  his  distinguished  services  at  the  New 
Orleans  encampment,  he  received  an  offer  from  the  Presi- 
dent of  Honduras  to  take  command  of  the  armies  of  that 
republic.  This  offer,  for  various  personal  reasons,  he 
reluctantly  declined  to  accept.     He  died  June  7,  1892. 


140 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  ARMY  AND  XAVY  (regular) 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  J.    P.    FARLEY.   U.S.A. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  J.  P.  Farley  (Ordnance  Corps, 
U.  S.  Army)  was  born  in  Washington,  1).  C,  March  2, 
1839.  He  was  graduated  at  the  U.  S.  Militar}  Academy 
June  24,  [861;  assigned  to  the  Second  U.  S.  Artil- 
lery, and  transferred  to  the  <  )rdnance  Corps  October  24, 
1 86 1. 

I;,  fore  and  during  the  Bull  Run  campaign  he  served 
as  aide  on  the  staff  of  the  general  commanding  the  de- 
fences of  Washington,  and  later,  during  the  summer  and 
fill  of  thai  year,  with  Horse  Battery  A,  Second  Artillery, 
covei  ing  the  appn  iai  lies  t<  1  Washingti  in  and  Alexandria, 
Virginia. 

Special  Order  No.  174,  Folly  Island,  South  Carolina, 
[uly  8,  [863,  was  indorsed  by  Lieutenant-Colonel  R.  H. 
[ackson,  captain  First  LJ.  S.  Artillery,  as  follows:  "Lieu- 
tenant Farley  reported  to  me  in  obedience  to  the  within 
order,  and  remained  on  duty  in  charge  of  one-half  of  the 
battel ies  of  the  hunt  line  until  the  capture  by  our  tr< iops 
of  the  south  end  of   Morris  Island  on  July   IO,  1863. 

"  I  hike  pleasure  in  testifying  that  to  his  ability,  ex- 
ample, and  gallant  conduit  in  the  action  of  the  10th  of 
July,  1S63,  which  resulted  in  the  capture  of  Morris  Island, 
the  splendid  practice,  the  admirable  sighting,  and  the 
destructive  effects  oi  the  artillery  under  his  command 
were  in  a  great  measure  due. 

"  This  conduct  was  the  more  praiseworthy  on  his  part, 
as  he  volunteered  to  command  troops  on  that  occasion 
out  of  the  line  of  his  duty  as  an  ordnance  officer. 

"  Lieutenant  Farley's  name  received  highly  honorable 
mention  in  my  report  ('War  of  Rebellion  Records,'  Vol. 
XXVIII.)  of  the  part  taken  by  the  artillery  under  my 
command  in  the  capture  of  the  south  end  of  Morris 
Island." 

Lieutenant   Farley  again  volunteered  his  servii 
aide  to  General  Truman  Seymour  during  the  bombard- 


ment and  assault  on  Fort  Wagner,  South  Carolina,  July 
18,  1863.  The  general  in  indorsing  the  foregoing  order, 
No.  174,  says:  "Lieutenant  Farley  was  a  member  of  my 
staff  during  a  considerable  part  of  that  summer  (  1863). 
lie  was  one  of  the  most  active,  intelligent,  and  useful  of 
my  right-hand  assistants  and  advisers, — was  always  ready 
for  any  labor,  however  toilsome  and  disagreeable,  and 
assuredly  the-  work  of  the  artillerist  and  ordnance  officer 
on  Foll_\- and  Moiris  Islands  during  that  eventful  summer 
was  very  trying;  lie  was  patient  and  persevering  under 
unusual  difficulties;  he  was,  in  fact,  one  of  the  compara- 
tively  few  of  whom,  when  charged  with  the  accomplish- 
ment of  ail}'  special  duty,  I  was  absolutely  sure  it  would 
be  conducted  skilfully  to  its  desired  end." 

( reneral  Seymour,  in  an  official  report,  "  War  of  Rebel- 
lion Record,"  Vol.  XXVIII.,  referring  to  a  successful 
engagement  with  the  enemy  on  Morris  Island,  South 
Carolina,  accords  to  Lieutenant  Farley  "  no  small  share 
of  the  glory  of  this  day." 

The  later  service  of  Lieutenant  Farley  (1864-65)  with 
Lieutenant-General  U.  S.  Grant  was  recognized  by  the 
general  in  the  following  terms:  "  I  take  pleasure  in  tes- 
tifying to  your  efficiency  as  an  ordnance  officer  while 
serving  in  the  armies  operating  against  Richmond. 

"  During  the  time  you  were  in  charge  of  the  extensive 
and  very  important  Ordnance  Depot  at  City  Point, Vir- 
ginia, your  duties  were  performed  to  my  entire  satisfac- 
tion, anil,  as  far  as  my  official  and  personal  knowledge 
extend,  to  the  perfect  satisfaction  of  the  armies  you 
supplied." 

In  this  connection,  revelling  to  the  field  service  of 
Lieutenant  Farley,  General  Seymour  says:  "  Approved, 
as  it  has  been,  by  the  greatest  of  our  commanders,  my 
own  commendations  are  of  little  value  in  comparison; 
but  the)-  are  the  expressions  of  a  profound  appreciation 
of  all  that  can  confer  honor  and  distinction  upon  one  of 
the  most  worthy  young  officers  I  knew  during  the  war." 

Lieutenant  Farley  was  brevctted  captain  "  for  meri- 
torious services  in  the  Ordnance  Department  during  the 
war,"  and  his  field  service  is  recognized  in  orders  and 
reports,  "  War  of  the  Rebellion  Records,"  Vol.  XXVIII. 

Since  the  war  he  has  served  at  the  Military  Academy  ; 
at  arsenals,  foundries,  proving  grounds,  and  on  various 
boards,  such  as  the  Ordnance  Board,  the  Experimental 
Testing  Board,  and  a  Board  for  the  Selection  of  a  Maga- 
zine Small-Arm  lor  the  Service.  He  is  the  author  of 
"Professional  and  Scientific  Papers,"  published  by  the 
War  Department,  anil  for  which  work  he  has  received 
official  commendation. 

Colonel  Farley  is  the  son  of  Captain  John  Farley  (Class 
of  [823,  U.  S.  M.  A.),  First  U.  S.  Artillery;  grandson  of 
Captain  John  Farley,  LT.  S.  Corps  of  Artillery,  War  of 
1812;  and  great-grandson  of  Robert  Breat,  paymaster- 
general,  Lr.  S.  A.,  [819. 


W/fO   SERVED   IN  THE   CI  VIE    WAR. 


141 


CAPTAIN  NORMAN  H.  FARQUHAR,  U.S.N. 

Captain  Nokman  II.  Farquhar  is  at  present  chief  of 
the  Bureau  of  Yards  and  Docks,  Navy  Department,  with 
the  rank  of  commodore.  He  was  born  in  Pennsylvania 
April  1  1,  1S40,  and  graduated  from  the  Naval  Academy 
in  1859.  While  still  a  midshipman,  serving  in  different 
vessels  of  our  African  Squadron,  he  was  detailed  to  bring 
to  the  United  States  a  captured  slaver,  the  "Triton," 
with  a  crew  of  ten  men  and  no  other  officer.  Still  a 
midshipman  at  the  breaking  out  of  the  great  Rebellion, 
he  became  lieutenant  in  a  very  few  months,  and  served 
on  board  the  steamer  "  Mystic"  and  the  steam  gun-boat 
"Mahaska,"  of  the  North  Atlantic  Squadron;  the 
steamer  "  Rhode  Island,"  of  the  West  India  Squadron; 
and  the  "Santiago  de  Cuba,"  of  the  North  Atlantic 
Squadron.  Lieutenant  Farquhar  was  present  at  both 
attacks  upon  Fort  Fisher,  and  there  and  elsewhere  was 
distinguished  for  his  coolness  and  conduct  under  fire. 
General  B.  F.  Butler,  in  his  official  report  of  the  attack  on 
Fort  Fisher,  North  Carolina,  dated  January  3,  1865, 
speaks  of  Captain  Farquhar  (then  lieutenant)  as  follows  : 
"  Lieutenant  Farquhar,  of  the  navy,  having  in  charge  the 
navy  boats  which  assisted  in  the  landing,  deserves  great 
credit  for  the  energy  and  skill  with  which  he  managed 
the  boats  through  the  rolling  surf." 

In  [865  he  was  promoted  to  be  lieutenant-commander, 
and  then  served  for  some  time  at  the  Naval  Academy. 
He  next  served  in  the  "Swatara,"  on  the  European 
Station,  in  1868-69;  anc'  a*:  tne  navy-yard,  Boston,  in 
1870,  being  thence  ordered  as  executive-officer  of  the 
United  States  steamship  "Severn,"  from  which  ship  he 
went  to  the  command  of  the  "Kansas,"  and  was  em- 
ployed in  surveying  duties.  After  another  tour  of  service 
at  the  Boston  Navy- Yard,  he  joined  the  United  States 
steamship  "Powhatan"  in  1X72,  and  on  December  12 
of  that  year  was  made  commander  in  the  navy.  He 
was  then  stationed  at  the  Naval  Academy,  at  Annapolis, 
in  command  of  the  "Santee,"  and  in  charge  of  buildings 
and  grounds  for  about  six  years;  commanding  the 
"Portsmouth"  in  1878,  and  in  command  of  "Quinne- 
baug"  and  "Wyoming,"  European  Squadron,  from  [878 
to  1881.  He  then  became  commandant  of  "cadets"  at 
the  Naval  Academy,  in  which  position  he  remained  five 
years;  commanding  the  "Constellation"  on  the  practice 
cruise  with  the  midshipmen  in  1883  and  1884. 

He  was  commissioned  as  captain  March  4,  [886,  and 
was  ordered  to  command  the  flag-ship  "Trenton,"  in  the 


Pacific.  The  country  will  long  remember  the  wreck  of 
the  "Trenton"  ami  other  vessels  at  Apia,  Samoa,  during 
a  dreadful  hurricane.  On  this  occasion,  by  good  seaman- 
ship, Captain  Farquhar  saved  the  lives  of  the  four  hun- 
dred and  fifty  officers  and  men  who  composed  the  ship's 
company. 

For  his  services  on  this  occasion  the  Humane  Society 
of  Massachusetts  awarded  Captain  Farquhar  its  gold 
medal,  with  a  letter  couched  in  very  complimentary 
terms.  Captain  Farquhar  has  probably  commanded 
more  vessels  than  any  officer  of  his  grade,  but  has  held 
no  command  afloat  since  that  of  the  "Trenton."  In 
August,  1889,  he  was  senior  member  of  the  Board  of 
Visitors  at  the  Torpedo  Station,  Newport,  and  was 
appointed  a  member  of  the  Light-House  Board  in  the 
latter  part  of  the  same  year,  but  did  not  serve  long  in 
that  capacity,  as  he  was,  on  March  6,  1890,  appointed 
chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Yards  and  Docks  at  the  Navy 
Department,  as  we  have  said  above.  Commodore  Far- 
quhar is  the  holder  of  a  gold  medal  from  the  Naval 
Institute,  given  in  1885,  for  an  essay  entitled  "Induce- 
ments for  Obtaining  Seamen  in  the  Navy."  Many  of 
the  suggestions  contained  in  that  paper  have  since  been 
adopted  by  the  department.  "  Captain  Farquhar  is 
universally  regarded  as  one  of  the  most  accomplished, 
progressive,  and  trustworthy  officers  in  the  navy.  Like 
all  men  of  capacity  and  courage,  he  is  considerate  to 
those  under  him,  while  exacting  prompt  obedience  to 
official  orders." 


142 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


ADMIRAL   DAVID   GLASGOW   FARRAGUT,  U.S.N. 
(dei  eased). 

It  seems  hopeless,  in  the  brief  space  allotted,  to  even 
mention  the  points  in  the  career  of  this  distinguished 
head  of  our  navy;  but,  fortunately,  the  whole  country, 
and  the  whole  world,  indeed,  is  familiar  with  them,  and 
everywhere — from  the  Winter  Palace  at  St.  Petersburg 
to  the  fisherman's  hut  upon  the  shores  of  the  Pacific — his 
likeness  is  to  be  found.  Farragut  was  wounded  in  the 
bloody  battle  between  the  "  Essex"  and  the  British  ships 
"Phoebe"  and  "Cherub,"  in  March,  i S 1 4 ,  when  his 
commanding  officer  regretted  "that  he  was  too  young 
for  promotion."  He  lived  to  command  at  New  Orleans, 
Vicksburg,  and  Mobile  Bay,  and  yet  was  only  sixty-nine 
whenhedied.  But  very  much  was  compressed  into  those 
years.  lie  served  in  three  wars,  as  well  as  against  the 
West  Indian  pirates,  and  he  observed  the  military  and 
naval  operations  of  his  time  throughout  the  world  with 
his  native  sagacity, all  of  which  tended  to  ripen  his  mind 
for  the  great  work  before  him.  Admiral  Farragut  was  a 
di  cendant  of  Don  Pedro  Ferragut,  called  "El  Conquis- 
tador," from  his  successes  in  battle  against  the  Moors 
of  Spain.  They  had  estates  in  Minorca,  and  his  father 
was  born  there,  and  emigrated  to  America  in  1776. 
He  took  part  in  the  war  of  the  Revolution,  and  was  the 
friend  and  companion  of  General  fackson  during  his 
Indian  campaigns.  He  married  in  North  Carolina,  set- 
tled in  Tennessee,  where  his  distinguished  son  was  born, 
and  finally  entered  the  naval  service  as  sailing-master. 

Admiral  Farragut,  through  Commodore  David  Porter, 
received  his  midshipman's  warrant  when  less  than  ten 
years  old.  and  in  1S11  he  went  to  sea  with  Porter.  When 
the  ship's  company  of  the  "  Essex"  returned  to  the 
I  hiited  States  in  the  cartel  "  Essex  Junior"  he  was  pi 
at     1  hool  until  the  peace  of   1  S  1  5 . 


He  then  made  two  cruises  to  the  Mediterranean,  avail- 
ing himself  of  favorable  opportunities  for  study  and  travel. 
Under  his  old  commander,  Porter,  he  served  during 
1823-24,  in  the  suppression  of  piracy  in  the  West  Indies, 
and  always  took  pride  in  having  obtained  a  command 
then  at  the  age  of  twenty-two.  In  1S25  he  was  a  lieu- 
tenant of  the  "  Brandy  wine,"  w  hen  she  took  Lafayette 
home.  He  served  on  the  coast  of  Brazil  as  executive- 
officer  of  the  "  Delaware,"  seventy-four,  and  in  command 
of  two  vessels.  While  in  command  of  the  "  Erie,"  in  the 
Gulf,  he  noted  carefully  the  French  bombardment  of 
Vera  Cruz.  Served  in  our  own  war  with  Mexico,  in  the 
"Saratoga;"  then  on  ordnance,  court-martial,  and  navy- 
yard  duties.  In  I S54  he  was  sent  to  California  to  estab- 
lish the  navy-yard  at  Mare  Island.  During  his  four- 
years'  service  there  his  coolness  and  judgment  in  deal- 
ing with  the  delicate  question  of  Federal  and  State 
jurisdiction,  during  the  reign  of  the  "Vigilance  Com- 
mittee" of  1856,  not  only  saved  the  government  from 
being  drawn  into  a  local  quarrel,  but  also  saved  blood- 
shed. During  1859-60  Farragut  commanded  the 
"  Brooklyn,"  and,  at  the  breaking  out  of  the  great  Re- 
bellion, was  living  in  Norfolk,  Virginia,  as  he  had  done 
for  many  years.  Local  opinion  and  local  pressure  had 
no  effect  upon  a  man  of  his  broad  views,  and  he  moved 
to  the  North,  and  took'  up  his  residence  on  the  Hudson. 
In  January,  1862,  he  was  assigned  to  the  command  of 
the  West  Gulf  Squadron,  his  mission  being  to  unseal 
that  great  artery  of  commerce  ami  travel,  the  Missis- 
sippi, and  all  that  such  an  undertaking  entailed.  He 
seemed  confident  of  success  from  the  first,  great  as  the 
task  before  him  was.  He  wrote:  "As  to  being  pre- 
pared for  defeat,  I  certainly  am  not.  Any  man  who  is 
prepared  for  defeat  would  be  half-defeated  before  he 
commenced.  I  hope  for  success,  shall  do  all  in  my 
power  to  secure  it,  and  trust  in  God  for  the  rest."  The 
result  of  that  continual  strain  of  combat  for  so  man}' 
months  is  a  matter  of  common-school  history,  ami  need 
not  be  recounted  here.  The  same  may  be  said  of  his 
operations  at  Mobile  Bay  in  1804.  He  received  the 
thanks  of  Congress,  and  was  commissioned  rear-admiral 
July  K>,  i,Xf>2;  vice-admiral  December  21,  1864,  and 
was  finally  promoted  to  the  rank  of  admiral  Jul)-  26, 
1866.  In  1867  he  went  to  the  command  of  the  Euro- 
pean Squadron,  and  made  an  extended  cruise,  being 
everywhere  received  with  the  most  marked  attention. 
At  this  time,  when  past  sixty-six,  Admiral  Farragut,  with 
his  rounded,  active  figure,  and  firm,  clean-shaven  face, 
gave  one  the  impression  of  being  a  much  younger  man. 
He  spoke  several  languages  very  fluently,  and  was  a 
very  close  observer,  ami  an  indefatigable  reader.  Noth- 
ing escaped  his  keen  eve,  and  when  he  felt  himself  among 
friends  his  observations  were  often  very  dry  and  even 
witty.      He  died  on  August  14,  1870. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


143 


REAR-ADMIRAL  JOHN  C.    FEBIGER,    U.S.N. 
(retired). 

Rear-Admiral  John  C.  Febiger  was  born  in  Penn- 
sylvania and  appointed  from  Ohio,  his  warrant  as  mid- 
shipman bearing  date  of  September  14,  1838.  His  first 
service  was  in  the  frigate  "  Macedonian,"  of  the  West 
India  Squadron,  1838-40.  He  was  then  attached  to  the 
sloop-of-war  "  Concord,"  mostly  upon  the  Brazil  coast, 
during  1841-43.  In  the  latter  year  he  was  wrecked  in 
the  "  Concord"  on  the  east  coast  of  Africa,  and  was  then 
attached  to  the  brig  "  Chippola,"  purchased  by  the  gov- 
ernment at  Rio  Janeiro  and  used  to  recover  and  dispose 
of  the  equipment  of  the  "  Concord."  Engaged  in  this 
duty  until  1844.  On  May  20  of  that  year  he  was  made 
passed  midshipman,  and  served  in  the  frigate  "  Potomac," 
of  the  Home  Squadron,  for  two  years.  He  then  made  a 
cruise  to  the  Pacific  in  the  sloop-of-war  "  Dale,"  and  was 
from  her  transferred  to  the  "  Columbus,"  74,  in  which 
ship  he  came  home. 

Again  attached  to  the  sloop-of-war  "  Dale,"  he  made 
a  cruise  upon  the  coast  of  Africa,  and  upon  his  return 
was  employed  upon  the  Coast  Survey  for  several  years. 

He  was  promoted  to  master  1852,  and  was  commis- 
sioned lieutenant  in  the  navy  April  30,  1853.  In  1858-60 
he  was  attached  to  the  sloop-of-war  "  Germantown,"  of 
the  Past  India  Squadron,  and  upon  his  return,  in  1 861, 
was  ordered  to  the  sloop-of-war  "  Savannah." 

Commissioned  commander  in  the  navy  August  11, 
1862.  Commanded  the  "Kanawha,"  of  the  West  Gulf 
Blockading  Squadron,  in  1862-63,  and  was  in  the  en- 
gagement off  Mobile  Bay  April  3,  1862. 

During  the  year  1863  Commander  Febiger  com- 
manded the  "  Osage,"  "  Neosho,"  and  "  Dafayette,"  of 
the  Mississippi  Squadron ;  and  in  1864-65  commanded 
the  "  Mattabeset,"  of  the  North  Atlantic  Blockading 
Squadron.     During  this  period   he   participated   in   the 


spirited  engagement  with  the  rebel  ram  "  Albemarle,"  in 
Albemarle  Sound,  Ma)-,  1S64. 

In  the  years  1866-68  he  commanded  the  "  Ashuelot," 
of  the  Asiatic  Squadron. 

Commissioned  captain  May  6,  1868,  and  commanded 
the  steam-sloop  "  Shenandoah,"  of  the  Asiatic  Squadron, 
in  1868-69.  While  commanding  the  "  Shenandoah"  he 
entered  and  surveyed  Ping-Yang  Inlet,  on  the  west  coast 
of  Corea. 

From  1869  to  1872  he  was  inspector  of  naval  reserved 
lands.  In  1872-74  he  commanded  the  U.  S.  steamer 
"  Omaha,"  of  the  South  Pacific  Squadron.  He  was  pro- 
moted to  commodore  August  9,  1874.  After  this  he 
became  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Examiners,  and  then 
commandant  of  the  navy-yard  at  Washington,  D.  C,  for 
nearly  four  years.  He  was  then  upon  special  duty  in 
Washington,  D.  C,  and  a  member  of  the  Retiring  Board. 

Promoted  to  rear-admiral  February  4,  1882.  Retired 
upon  his  own  application  July  1,  1882. 


144 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  {regular) 


MAJOR  E.   G.   FECHET,   U.S.A. 

Major  E.  G.  Fechet  (Sixth  Cavalry)  was  born  July 
i  i,  1844,  in  Michigan.  1  le  is  the  son  of  Alfred  Edmond 
Fechet,  M.D.,  a  native  of  France,  and  graduate  of  the 
College  of  France,  who  came  to  the  United  States  in 
1840. 

Young  Feehet  entered  the  volunteer  service  June  19, 
1861,  as  sergeant  of  Company  A,  Seventh  Michigan  In- 
fantry, and  participated  in  the  Maryland  campaign  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  being  engaged  in  the  battle  of 
Antietam,  September  17,  1862,  at  which  time  he  was  shot 
through  the  right  lung.  He  was  promoted  second  lieu- 
tenant, to  date  from  that  battle,  and  first  lieutenant  June 
iS,  [863.  He  resigned  June  31,  1863,  on  account  of 
illness  resulting  from  his  wound.  On  recover}-,  he  again 
entered  the  volunteer  service  as  quartermaster-sergeant 
of  the  Tenth  Michigan  Cavalry,  but  was  promoted  sec- 
ond lieutenant  January  23,  1804,  and  'first  lieutenant 
April  1,  1865.  He  was  in  several  minor  engagements 
in  [864,  in  East  Tennessee,  and  commanded  the  Knox- 
ville  Depot  of  Ordnance  November,  [865,  and  was  hon- 
orably mustered  out  of  service  November  21,  1865.  He 
was  appointed  to  regular  service  as  second  lieutenant  of 
Eighth  Cavalry  July  28,  1866,  and  brevetted  first  lieu- 
tenant and  captain  March  2,  1 867,  "  for  gallant  conduct 
at  the  battle  of  Antietam."  In  February  marched  in 
command  oi  Troop  I  from  San  Francisco  to  Fort 
Whipple,  Arizona,  and  participated  in  a  severe  fight  with 
the  Hualapi  and  Tonto  Apache  Indians.  He  was  pro- 
moted first  lieutenant  July  31,  1867, and  captain  May  J3, 
1870. 

Rejoining  his  regiment  in  January,  [ 870,  he  tools  •  om- 
mand  of  Troop  G,  anjd  changed  stations  to  New  Mexico, 
arriving  at  Fort  Selden  in  the  March  following.  Captain 
Fechet  commandei  I  .1  deta<  hmenl  of  troops  in  an  engage- 
ment with  the  Mescalero  Apaches,  capturing  their  entire 


camp  and  herd,  and  forcing  the  tribe  to  return  to  Stan- 
ton reservation.  He  marched  with  his  regiment  to  Texas, 
on  change  of  department,  arriving  at  Ringgold  Barracks 
in  March,  1  S76,  where  he  remained  to  i88i,\vhen  he  was 
transferred  to  Fort  Clark,  which  post  he  did  duty  at  until 
September,  1887.  Then  he  commanded  Camp  Pena 
Colorado  to  May,  1888,  when  he  marched  with  his  regi- 
ment from  Texas  to  Dakota.  He  left  Pena  Colorado 
on  the  19th  of  May,  and  arrived  at  Fort  Yates,  North 
Dakota,  September  17,  the  distance  marched  being  two 
thousand  one  hundred  miles. 

While  in  command  of  his  troop  at  Fort  Yates,  Captain 
Fechet  became  somewhat  conspicuous  in  the  Sioux  cam- 
paign of  1890-91,  by  having  been  engaged  in  the  affair 
which  resulted  in  the  death  of  the  famous  chief  Sitting 
Bull,  having  on  that  occasion  commanded  the  troops 
participating  therein.  The  following  extract  from  a 
communication  from  General  Miles,  in  the  field,  on  this 
subject,  to  General  Thomas  H.  Ruger,  commanding  the 
department  of  Dakota,  is  here  given  : 

"The  division  commander  has  received  official  report 
of  Lieutenant-Colonel  Drum,  Twelfth  Infantry,  and 
Captain  Fechet,  Eighth  Cavalry,  regarding  the  arrest  of 
Sitting  Bull.  He  desires  me  to  express  his  approval  of 
the  good  judgment  displayed  by  the  officers  and  the 
assistance  of  agent,  the  fortitude  of  the  troops  and 
bravery  of  the  Indian  police.  It  required  no  ordinary 
courage  to  go  into  an  Indian  camp  of  well-armed  war- 
riors and  arrest  the  chief  conspirator  on  the  eve  of  his 
departure  to  join  the  large  body  of  his  followers  then  in 
defiant  hostility  to  the  government,  and  engaged  in  rob- 
bing  its  citizens  and  looting  their  houses.  It  was  from 
Sitting  Bull  that  emissaries  have  been  for  months  going 
to  other  tribes  inciting  them  to  hostility,  and  he  died 
while  resisting  the  lawful  officials  of  the  government. 
Even  after  lie  had  been  peaceably  arrested,  he  raised  the 
cry  of  revolt,  and  incited  his  men  to  shoot  down  the 
government  police  in  the  lawful  discharge  of  their  duty. 
The  fearless  action  of  Captain  Fechet  and  his  command 
entitles  them  to  great  credit,  and  the  celerity  of  his 
movements  showed  the  true  soldierly  spirit. 

"  The  division  commander  desires  that  his  sympathy 
be  expressed  to  those  who  have  suffered  from  wounds, 
and  the  families  of  the  dead  brave,  loyal,  Indian  police, 
and  his  thanks  to  all  who  took  part  in  the  arrest  that  lias 
already  resulted  in  the  surrender  of  more  than  one  hun- 
dred defiant,  lawless  savages,  and  with  other  measures 
has  done  much  to  prevent  the  destruction  of  many  peace- 
able homes  and  innocent  lives.  By  command  of  Major- 
<  '.('ilir.il  Miles.  (Signed) 

M.  1'.  Mais,  A.D.C." 

Captain  Fechet  was  promoted  major  of  the  Sixth 
Cavalry  April  20,  [891, 


WHO   SERVED    IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


145 


CAPTAIN  EDWARD   FIELD.   U.S.A. 

Captain  Edward  Field  (Fourth  Artillery)  traces  his 
lineage  in  unbroken  thread  from  the  distinguished  as- 
tronomer and  student,  Sir  John  Field,  to  whose  researches 
England  was  indebted  for  the  explanation  and  intro- 
duction of  the  Copernican  system.  Emigrating  from 
the  mother-country  long  before  the  revolt  of  the  infant 
colonies,  his  ancestors  were  among  the  first  to  take  up 
arms  against  the  sea  of  troubles  which  so  crowded  upon 
the  young  republic  at  its  birth.  Richard  Stockton, 
member  of  the  Continental  Congress  and  signer  of  the 
Declaration  of  Independence,  was  his  great-great-grand- 
father. 

Richard  Stockton  Field,  attorney-general  of  the  State 
of  New  Jersey,  United  States  Senator,  and  United  States 
District  Judge,  was  the  father  of  Captain  Field,  and  a 
resident  of  the  classic  old  town  of  Princeton  when,  in 
1 84 1,  the  son  was  born  who  became  the  first  of  the 
family  to  permanently  identify  himself  with  the  army  of 
the  nation.  Naturally  no  Princeton  lad  thought  of  going 
elsewhere  for  education,  and  it  was  at  the  time-honored 
college  of  his  native  place  that  Edward  Field  was  matric- 
ulated in  1857,  and  graduated  in  [861,  just  at  the  out- 
break of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion.  Always  an  enthusi- 
astic horseman,  he  lost  no  time  in  seeking  service  with 
the  cavalry,  and  was  commissioned  second  lieutenant  in 
the  gallant  First  New  Jersey  that  won  such  renown  in 
the  old  Second  Division  of  the  Cavalry  Corps  in  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac.  Early  in  1862,  however,  he  was 
tendered  an  appointment  in  the  Fourth  Artillery  of  the 
regular  army,  and  within  a  month  had  joined  Light 
Battery  "  C"  of  that  regiment  just  in  time  to  embark  for 
the  Peninsula. 

Fair  Oaks,  Peach  Orchard,  and  Savage  Station  gave 
him  man)-  an  opportunity  of  testing  the  metal  of  which 
he  was  made.  But  White  Oak  Swamp  was  the  fight 
that  tried  men's  souls,  so  far  at  least  as  Battery  "  C" 
was  concerned.  For  hours  its  eight  guns  were  hotly 
engaged.  Hazzard,  its  brave  and  impetuous  commander, 
received  his  death-wound,  and  Field's  comrade,  Lieu- 
tenant Arthur  Morris,  was  knocked  lwrs  de  combat,  while 
men  and  horses  suffered  severely  from  the  deadly  fire  of 
the  enemy. 

Antietam,  Halltown,  Fredericksburg,  and  Chancellors- 
ville  were  the  next  battles  in  order  ;  and  in  the  last  named 
Field  won  high  credit  and  the  thanks  of  General  Geary 
for  fighting  his  battery,  even  after  it  was  relieved,  and 
hammering  the  rebel  infantry  an  entire  hour  at  close 
range  despite  heavy  losses.  This  was  at  the  Chancellor 
House  salient. 

In    October,    1863,  Lieutenant   Field  was    transferred 
to  Horse    Battery  "  E"  of   his    regiment,  fighting   with 
it  at  Buckland   Mills  and  Raccoon  Ford,  following  the 
'9 


cavalry  on  Sheridan's  raid,  and  backing  them  in  all 
the  stirring  combats  at  Todd's  Tavern,  Spottsylvania, 
and  Yellow  Tavern,  and  winning  another  brevet  at 
Meadow  Bridge,  not  far  from  the  field  where  his  first 
was  gained  at  White  ( )ak  Swamp. 

The  war  over,  the  Fourth  had  a  spell  of  rest  and  a 
hard  time  transforming  horse-battery  men  into  garrison 
gunners.  They  were  sent  to  the  Pacific  coast  just  in 
time  to  be  ordered  into  the  lava  beds  against  the  Modocs, 
ami  to  lose  four  gallant  officers  and  a  score  of  men  in 
that  thankless  and  inglorious  warfare.  Field  took  his 
full  share  of  the  campaign  ;  had  another  touch  of  frontier 
duty  in  1877,  when  sent  after  Chief  Joseph  and  the  Nez 
Perces,  and  still  again  was  ordered  down  into  Arizona, 
where  the  Apaches  of  the  Siena  Blanca  had  their  out- 
break in  1 88  1. 

This  concluded  the  frontier  service  of  the  Fourth,  for 
the  time  being  at  least.  But  Field  was  of  too  active  a 
temperament  to  stagnate  in  a  stone  fort,  when  once  again 
they  appeared  on  the  Atlantic  coast.  In  such  time  as  his 
duties  would  permit  he  devoted  himself  to  the  instruction 
of  the  neighboring  National  Guardsmen,  proving  always 
a  welcome  visitor  at  their  camps  and  armories.  In  1882 
lie  was  detailed  to  visit  and  inspect  the  troops  of  Rhode 
Island;  in  18X4,  of  New  York;  in  1886,  of  Maine;  and 
his  reports  on  their  condition  and  efficiency  were  widely 
read. 

The  captain  has  achieved  literary  honor  in  other  fields, 
having  been  selected  to  deliver  the  Decoration  Day 
address  at  Newport,  Rhode  Island,  in  1882,  and  having 
subsequently  addressed  the  National  Guard  Association 
of  New  York  in  18S4;  the  West  Point  Association  in 
July,  1882,  and  the  Military  Service  Institute,  at  Gov- 
ernor's Island,  in  1885. 

For  some  time  past  Captain  Field  has  been  stationed 
at  the  new  Fort  McPherson,  close  to  Atlanta. 


I4'J 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  [regular) 


CAPTAIN  M.  J.  FITZ    GERALD,   U.S.A.  (retired). 

Captain  M.  J.  Fitz  Gerald  was  born  in  Athlone, 
County  Westmeath,  Ireland,  September  24,  1837.  He 
arrived  in  Baltimore,  Maryland,  about  1847  or  1848. 
He  enlisted  January  5.  1855,  at  Fort  McHenry,  Alan- 
land,  and  was  assigned  to  Company  E,  First  Artil- 
lery, at  Fortress  Monroe,  Virginia.  He  was  ordered  to 
Florida  with  his  company  in  the  winter  of  1855—56,  and 
served  during  the  war  against  Billy  Bowlegs  and  his  tribe, 
part  of  the  time  as  acting  hospital  .steward  in  the  field. 
1  [e  was  then  ordered  with  his  company  to  Fort  Moultrie, 
South  Carolina,  in  the  fall  of  1858,  and  performed  the 
duties  of  hospital  steward  during-  the  epidemic  of  yellow 
fever  at  that  post.  I  [e  was  promoted  corporal  Company 
E,  First  Artillery,  in  1858,  and  discharged  in  November, 
[859.  He  re-enlisted,  and  was  transferred  to  the  Ord- 
nance Corps  in  January,  [ 860,  and  was  assigned  to  duty  at 
['.  S.  Arsenal,  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  lie  remained 
thereuntil  the  surrender  of  the  arsenal  to  the  State  of 
South  Carolina,  December  30,  i860  (as  artificer  and  act- 
ing fii  it  sergeant  of  the  detachment).  The  disagreeable 
duty  devolved  upon  him  to  lower — the  fust  time  in  its 
history — our  flag  in  the  presence  of  trait,  irs.  I  Ie  remained 
a  prisoner  in  the  arsenal  until  after  the  firing  on  the  "Star 
of  the  West,"  when  he  proceeded  to  the  U.  S.  Arsenal  at 
Augusta,  Georgia,  reporting  to  Captain  Elsie,  late  Second 
U.  S.  Artillery.  I  Ie  remained  there  until  the  surrender  of 
the  arsenal,  and  was   then  ordered  to  Washington    D.  C.    I 


where  he  was  discharged,  at  his  own   request,  to  enable 
him  to  accept  a  position  under  the  State  of  South  Caro- 
lina;   but,    instead,    he    proceeded    to    Fort    McHenry, 
Maryland,  and  enlisted,  and  was  then  appointed  hospital 
steward  at  that  post.     From  there  he  was  transferred,  as 
chief  hospital  steward,  to  the  general  hospital  at  Fred- 
erick, Maryland,  until  appointed  second  lieutenant  of  the 
Ninth  Infantry,  and  ordered  to  duty  with  his  company, 
C,  at  San  Juan  Island,  Washington  Territory,  June,  1863  ; 
he  remained  on  duty,  in  joint  military  occupation  of  the 
group  of  islands  with  the  British  troops,  until  October, 
[865,  when  he  was  relieved  and  ordered  to  the  Presidio 
1  'I  San  Francisco,  California,  and  assigned  to  duty  as  post 
adjutant,  acting  commissary  of  subsistence,  and   acting 
stant  quartermaster   until   May,  1866,  when  relieved 
and  ordered  to  Fort  Bidwell,  California,  relieving  compa- 
nies of  the  Second  California  Cavalry.     He  commanded 
the  post,  consisting  of  Companies  C,  Ninth  Infantry,  and 
A,  First  Cavalry,  and  performed  the  duty  of  acting  assist- 
ant commissaiy  of  subsistence  and  acting  assistant  quar- 
termaster until  the  middle  of  1867,  when  he  was  relieved 
and  ordered  to  the  command  of  Fort  Crook,  California. 
From  this  point  he  was  ordered  back  to  Fort  Bidwell 
and  placed  on  duty  as  acting  assistant  quartermaster  and 
acting  assistant  commissary  of  subsistence  until  Novem- 
ber,  1868,  when  detailed   on   general   recruiting  service, 
rejoining  his    regiment  at  Omaha   Barracks,  Nebraska, 
prior  to  its  consolidation,  in  1869,  and  assigned  to  Com- 
pany C,  but  soon  transferred  to  Company  F,  and  changed 
station  to  Sidney  Barracks  to  command   company  and 
post.     From  this  he  was  relieved  and  ordered,  with  his 
company,  to  <  >maha  Barracks  in  1871  ;  to  Fort  Russell, 
Wyoming  Territory,  in  1872;  to  the  Sioux  Reservation, 
Camps   Sheridan  and   Robinson,  Nebraska,  in  1875;  to 
field  duty  on  White  River,  Nebraska,  in  1876. 

Captain  Fitz  Gerald  was  wounded  at  Red  Cloud  Agency 
in  [876.  1  Ie  commanded  his  company  in  Chicago,  Illinois, 
during  the  riots  of  1877;  after  which  he  commanded  the 
quartermaster's  depot  at  Cheyenne,  Wyoming  Territory, 
until  ordered  to  Fort  McKinney,  Washington  Terri- 
tory. 

From  there  he  was  placed  on  the  retired  list  in  May, 
1879,  on  account  of  wounds  and  injuries,  at  his  own 
request. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  March  4,  1864,  and 
captain  December  31,  1873,  and  commanded  companies 
from  March  4,  1864,  to  1868,  and  from  1869  to  1879. 


WHO   SERVED   IN    THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


H7 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL  DANIEL  W.  FLAGLER,  U.S.A. 

Brigadier-General  Daniel  \V.  Flagler  (Chief  of 
Ordnance)  was  born  in  New  York  March  24,  1835,  and 
graduated  at  the  Military  Academy  June  24,  1861.  He 
was  promoted  brevet  second  and  second  lieutenant  of 
ordnance  the  same  day,  and  first  lieutenant  August  3, 
1S61,  and  captain  March  3,  1863.  He  served  during  the 
rebellion  of  the  seceding  States,  1861  to  1866;  in  drill- 
ing volunteers  at  Washington,  D.  C.,  July  1-15,  1861  ; 
in  the  Manassas  campaign  and  in  the  defences  of  Washing- 
ton July  and  August,  1861  :  assistant  ordnance  officer  at 
Allegheny  Arsenal,  Pennsylvania,  and  on  foundry  duty 
at  Fort  Pitt  Foundry,  Pittsburgh,  Pennsylvania,  inspect- 
ing ordnance  for  fitting  out  the  Mississippi  River  Flotilla, 
August  to  December,  1861  ;  as  chief  of  ordnance  to  Gen- 
eral Burnside's  Expedition  to  North  Carolina,  Decem- 
ber, 1 86 1,  to  August,  1862  ;  in  charge  of  transportation 
of  siege-train  across  country,  New  Berne  to  Fort  Macon, 
North  Carolina,  and  of  construction  of  approaches  and 
batteries  in  front  of  Fort  Macon,  March  and  April,  1862  ; 
in  the  Maryland  campaign  (Army  of  the  Potomac)  as 
assistant  ordnance  officer  and  aide-de-camp  September 
and  October,  1862  ;  as  chief  ordnance  officer,  November, 
1862,  to  November,  1863  ;  in  hospital  October  and  No- 
vember, 1863;  on  inspection  duty  at  the  West  Point 
Foundry,  New  York,  November,  1863,  to  May,  1864; 
assistant  to  chief  of  ordnance,  LT.  S.  A.,  Washington, 
D.  C,  May,  1864,  to  June,  1865,  and  inspecting  arms, 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  February,  1865  ;  in  charge  of 
Tredegar  Iron  Works,  Richmond,  April  and  May,  1S65. 

General  Flagler  participated  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run 
July  21,  1861  ;  the  battle  and  capture  of  Roanoke  Island 
February  7-8,  1862  ;  battle  of  New  Berne,  North  Carolina, 
March  14,  1862,  and  in  command  of  mortar  batteries  in 
bombardment  of  Fort  Macon,  resulting  in  capture  April 
26,  1862  ;  engaged  in  the  battle  of  South  Mountain  Sep- 
tember 14,  1862;  battle  of  Antietam  September  17,  1862; 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg  December  13, 
1862  ;  battle  of  Chancellorsville,  Virginia,  May  2-4,  1863,  ! 
and  battle  of  Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania,  July  1-3, 
1863. 

He  was  brevetted  captain  March  14,  1862,  for  gallant 
services  at  battle  of  New  Berne,  North  Carolina  ;  major 
April  26,  1862,  for  gallant  services  at  siege  of  Fort  Ma- 
con, North  Carolina;  lieutenant-colonel  March  13,  1865, 
for  distinguished  services  in  the  field  during  the  war  of 
the  Rebellion. 

After  the  war  closed  he  was  employed  on  a  tour  of 
inspection  of  Western  arsenals,  with  chief  of  ordnance, 
U.  S.  A.,  May,  1865  ;  in  charge  of  receiving  arms  from 
disbanded  volunteers  from  Delaware  and  Pennsylvania  at 
Wilmington,  Delaware,  and  Philadelphia  and  Harrisburg, 
Pennsylvania,  May  and  June,  1865  ;  on  special  ordnance 


inspection  duty  in  Kentucky,  Tennessee,  Georgia,  and 
Alabama,  June  to  September,  1865;  assistant  ordnance 
officer,  Watervliet  Arsenal,  New  York,  ( )ctober  to  De- 
cember, 1 865  ;  in  command  of  Augusta  Arsenal  and 
Powder- Works,  Georgia,  January,  1S66,  to  May,  1871, 
having  charge  also  of  Confederate  ordnance  establish- 
ments, depots,  and  stores,  and  disposal  of  same,  at  At- 
lanta, Macon,  Athens,  and  Savannah,  Georgia,  January, 
1866,  to  January,  1869;  and  on  special  ordnance  inspec- 
tion duty  at  Fort  Fisher,  North  Carolina,  December, 
1866;  Selma,  Alabama,  February,  1869;  and  Fort 
Pickens,  Florida,  February,  1871  ;  in  command  of  Rock- 
Island  Armory  and  Arsenal  June,  1871,  to  May  31,  1886; 
member  of  Board  on  Heavy  Gun- Carriages,  at  New 
York,  January  to  March,  1873;  special  inspection  of 
Fort  Union  Arsenal,  New  Mexico,  with  view  of  break- 
ing up  same,  September,  1880;  on  Board  at  Indianap- 
olis, Indiana,  in  regard  to  removal  of  Indianapolis  Ar- 
senal, January,  1883;  on  ordnance  inspection  duty,  San 
Antonio,  Texas,  Fort  Lowell,  Arizona,  and  Benicia, 
California,  February  and  March,  1883;  in  command  of 
Frankford  Arsenal,  Pennsylvania,  May  31,  1886,  to  No- 
vember 11,  1889;  president  of  Board  on  Site  for  Gun 
Foundry  March  22  to  May  14,  1887  ;  president  of  Board 
on  Comparative  Merits  of  Morse  and  Service  Reloading 
Cartridges,  March  3  to  May  1,  1888;  on  special  duty  to 
select  site  and  make  plans  for  Columbia  Arsenal,  Ten- 
nessee, May  29  to  June  30,  1888;  president  of  Board  for 
Testing  Rifled  Cannon  and  Projectiles  in  1889  ;  in  com- 
mand of  Watertown  Arsenal,  Massachusetts,  from  No- 
vember 29,  1SS9,  to  1 89 1. 

He  was  promoted  major  June  23,  1874;  lieutenant- 
colonel  August  23,  1881  ;  colonel  September  15,  1890; 
and  was  appointed  brigadier-general  and  chief  of  ordnance 
January  23,  1891. 


OFFICERS    OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


COLONEL  DELANCEY  FLOYD-JONES,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Colonel  Delancey  Floyd-Jones  was  born,  1826,  in 
(  jueens  County,  State  of  New  York.  He  was  graduated 
at  the  l!.  S.  Military  Academy  in  the  Class  of  1S46. 
Upon  graduating  he  was  appointed  to  the  Seventh  Regi- 
ment of  Infantry,  then  serving  in  Mexico  under  General 
Taylor,  which  he  proceeded  to  join  in  September  of  that 
year. 

After  a  few  months'  service  with  General  Taylor's 
army,  he  was  promoted  to  the  Fourth  Regiment  of  In- 
fantry, which  was  transferred  to  Worth's  division  of  ( ren- 
eial  Scott's  army,  and  formed  the  advance  in  the  landing, 
and  at  the  siege  of  Vera  Cruz.  Alter  the  surrender  of 
that  city,  his  company  formed  a  part  of  the  garrison  of 
San  Juan  d'UHoa. 

The  regiment  proceeded  with  the  army  en  route  for  the 
City  nl"  Mexico,  and  for  a  time  formed  a  part  of  the  gar- 
rison of  the  Castle  of  Perote,  and  the  city  of  Puebla. 
Lieutenant  Floyd-Jones  took-  part  in  the  various  en- 
■  ments  in  the  Valley  of  Mexico,  notably  in  the  battles 
of  Molino  del  Rey,  Chapultepec,  and  the  taking  of  the 
City  of  Mexico.  For  his  i  onduct  at  the  battle  of  Molino 
del  key,  he  was  especially  commended  by  Captain  — 
afterwards  General — Anderson,  of  Fort  Sumter  fame, 
on  which  he  was  brevetted  first  lieutenant. 

At  the  close  ol  the  Mexican  War  he  was  assigned  to 
duty  on  the  Northern  Lakes,  and  served  foi  a  time  as 
aide-de-camp  to  General  Brady.  In  [852  his  regiment 
transferred  to  the  Pacini  coast,  via  the  Isthmus  of 
Panama;  while  serving  in  that  department  he  took-  part 
in  the  war  against  the  Rogue  River  Indians,  a  severe 
but  successful  campaign,  lasting  some  six  months. 

On  the  breaking  on(  of  the  Rebellion  he  was,  at  the 
instance  of  General  Winfield  Scott,  made  major  of  the 
Eleventh  Infantry,  and  joined  his  regiment,  which  was 
being  recruited  at   Fort   Independence,    Boston   harbor. 


The  regiment  was  made  a  part  of  the  Army  of  the  Poto- 
mac, and  under  his  command  moved  with  that  army  in 
its  advance  upon  Yorktown,  his  regiment  being  among 
the  first  to  open  the  trenches  in  the  siege  of  that  place. 

Colonel  Floyd-Jones  continued  to  serve  with  the  Army 
,:i~  the  Potomac  and  took  part  in  the  Peninsula,  Man- 
assas, Antietam,  Fredericksburg,  Chancellorsville,  and 
Gettysburg  campaigns. 

1  [e  was  frequently  commended  by  his  brigade  com- 
manders, and  at  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville  Colonel 
Burbank  says,  "  Where  all  did  so  well  it  is  difficult  to 
discriminate,  but  I  desire  to  mention  by  name  the  regi- 
mental commander,  Major  De  Lancey  Lloyd-Jones,  Llev- 
enth  Infantry,  for  the  great  coolness  with  which  he 
commanded  his  regiment." 

In  February,  1868,  General  George  Sykcs,  in  recom- 
mending Colonel  Lloyd-Jones  for  the  brevet  of  brigadier- 
general,  says,"  This  officer  served  under  my  com- 
mand from  March,  1S62,  until  the  fall  of  1863,  and 
was  present  with  the  division  of  regular  infantry  in  the 
Peninsula,  Manassas,  Antietam,  Fredericksburg,  Chan- 
cellorsville, and  Gettysburg  campaigns  of  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac.  lie  was  often  favorably  mentioned  in  the 
reports  of  his  brigade  commander,  and  in  the  fight  on  the 
Old  Turnpike  near  Chancellorsville  on  the  1st  of  May, 
1S63,  distinguished  himself  at  the  head  of  his  regiment. 

"As  commander  of  the  Fifth  Corps  I  had  the  oppor- 
tunity to  observe  the  zeal  of  Colonel  Lloyd-Jones  in  the 
campaign  and  battle  of  Gettysburg,  and  for  these  special 
instances  and  his  services  during  the  Rebellion  respect- 
fully recommend  him  for  the  brevet  of  brigadier-general 
in  the  army. 

"Colonel  Floyd-Jones  is  one  of  the  few  officers  of  his 
grade  who  have  not  yet  received  this  recognition  of  his 
services,  and  when  so  many  have  received  it,  whose 
duties  in  the  field  are  not  to  be  mentioned  with  those   of 


<  olonel  Floyd 

held  from  him 

(Signed) 


■Jones,  I  think-  it  should  no  longer  be  with- 


"  George  Sykes, 
"  Lieutenant- Colonel  Fifth  Infantry, 
"  Brevet  Major-General  U.S.A." 
The  colonel  has  been  three  times  brevetted  for  gallant 
conduct  in  battle,  viz. :  First  lieutenant  for  Molino  del 
Rey,  Mexico;  lieutenant-colonel  for  the  Peninsula  cam- 
paign, Virginia,  and  colonel  for  the  battle  of  Gettysburg, 
Pennsylvania.  Much  of  Colonel  Floyd- Jones's  service 
has  been  on  the  Western  frontier.  He  retired  from 
active  duty  in  1879,  after  thirty-three  years'  service,  nine- 
teen of  which  was  in  the  Indian  country.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  well-known  family  of  Lloyd-Jones,  of  Long 
Island,  and  has  his  home  at  South  Oyster  Bay,  Long  Isl- 
and. I  fe  has  travelled  extensively,  and  an  outline  of  his 
journey  around  the  woild,  made  in  1885-86,  has  been 
published,  under  the  title  of  "  Letters  from  the  Far  East." 


WHO  SERVED  I IV  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


149 


LIEUTENANT-COMMANDER  CHARLES  W.  FLUSSER, 

U.S.N,  (deceased). 

Lieutenant-Commander  Charles  W.  Flusser  was  a 
native  of  Maryland,  but  was  appointed  midshipman  from 
Kentucky  in  July,  1847.  Of  this  date,  not  a  large  one, 
three  members  were  killed  in  battle  during  the  Civil 
War, — Cummings,  Gwin,  and  Flusser. 

The  latter  was  commissioned  lieutenant  in  September, 
1855,  and  lieutenant-commander  in  July,  1862. 

During  his  early  years  of  service  on  the  Home  Sta- 
tion, the  Brazils,  the  East  Indies,  and  elsewhere,  his 
career  was  that  usual  to  the  junior  naval  officer.  He 
was  always  noted  for  attention  to  duty,  and  a  quiet,  con- 
tained manner,  approaching  reticence  in  personal  inter- 
course. But  those  who  knew  him  well  also  knew  that 
his  quiet  demeanor  concealed  a  warm  heart  and  a  gallant 
spirit. 

When  the  expedition  to  Roanoke  Island  was  in  course 
of  preparation,  Flusser  was  ordered  there  in  command 
of  the  "  Commodore  Pern-,"  a  side-wheel  steamer  with 
four  heavy  guns.  Roanoke  Island  was  the  grand 
strategic  point  for  the  North  Carolina  Sounds,  and  the 
preparations  on  both  sides  showed  the  importance 
attached  to  that  position.  The  success  was  complete  on 
both  land  and  shore  ;  and  in  the  chase  of  the  rebel  flotilla 
their  flag-ship  "  Sea-Bird"  was  run  into  and  sunk  by 
Flusser  in  the  "  Commodore  Perry,"  who  took  as  pris- 
oners nearly  all  her  officers  and  crew.  In  July,  in  com- 
mand of  three  light-draught  vessels  with  a  company  of 
soldiers  on  board,  he  made  a  reconnoissance  of  the  Ro- 
anoke River,  and  fell  under  a  sustained  and.  galling  fire 
of  concealed  riflemen  on  the  banks.  Flusser  had  been 
ordered  to  go  to  a  certain  point, — and  he  did  it,  in  spite 
of  the  opposition  of  fire,  which  he  could  not  return  with- 
out delay.  He  reached  his  point  and  carried  off  the 
steamer  "  Nelson,"  belonging  to  the  Confederacy.  He 
returned  with  one  killed  and  ten  wounded,  having 
accomplished  his  mission. 

His  fight  at  Franklin,  on  the  Blackwater  River,  on 
the  3d  of  October,  deserves  to  be  read  in  full.  After 
getting  up  the  river,  Flusser  did  not  wait  for  the  co-oper- 
ating troops,  but  pushed  on,  to  find  a  terrific  fire  from 
concealed  riflemen  on  the  banks,  which  made  the  work- 
ing of  the  guns  most  difficult.  Flusser  was  a  particu- 
larly cool  and  daring  man,  and  finding  himself  in  a  trap 
determined  to  fight  it  out  until  the  troops  came  up. 
He  threw  Xl.-inch  shell  into  Franklin,  and  with  his  32- 
pounder   he  poured  grape  and  canister  into  the  woods. 


With  another  32-pounder  he  fought  mi  the  other  side, 
— and  with  his  IX. -inch  gun  he  shelled  the  strongest 
position  of  the  enemy.  Till  this  time  his  guns'  crews 
were  exposed  to  a  hot  rifle-fire  which  came  from  con- 
cealed positions.  The  enemy  had  cut  trees  down  across 
the  narrow  river  behind  him,  but,  "  neck  or  nothing,"  he 
got  round,  put  on  steam,  and  pierced  his  way  through 
and  over  the  obstruction.  In  all  these  enterprises  in  the 
Sounds  he  was  a  leading  spirit.  In  many  of  them  little 
was  to  be  gained  but  hard  knocks, — yet  he  was  always 
ready.  "He  was  a  terror  to  the  marauding  troops  of 
the  enemy,  who  made  a  note  of  all  his  movements." 

On  the  1 8th  of  April,  1864,  after  a  heavy  fight  about 
Plymouth,  North  Carolina,  in  which  both  army  and 
navy  were  concerned,  the  "  Miami"  and  "  Southfield," 
being  under  Flusser's  command,  were  anchored  below 
the  town  to  prevent  a  flank  movement  of  the  Confederates. 
Just  then  the  news  was  received  that  the  ram  "  Albe- 
marle" was  on  her  way  down,  and  the  two  vessels  were 
chained  together  to  meet  her.  In  less  than  five  minutes 
the  collision  occurred.  The  ram  struck  the  "  Miami" 
on  the  port  bow,  and  the  "  Southfield"  on  the  starboard 
bow,  causing  the  latter  to  sink  rapidly.  Both  vessels 
were  firing  into  the  ram  with  their  100-pounder  rifles, 
and  XL-inch  Dahlgren  guns,  but  apparently  made  no 
impression,  although  alongside.  Flusser  fired  the  first 
three  shots  himself,  the  third  shot  being  a  ten-second 
Dahlgren  XL-inch  shell.  Directly  after  this  shot  Flusser 
was  killed  by  a  fragment  of  a  shell, — -whether  from  the 
ram,  or  from  the  one  from  the  "  Miami"  rebounding,  is 
doubtful. 


ISO 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


COMMANDHR  WILLIAM  M.   FOLGER,   U.S.N. 

Commander  William   M.  Folger  is  a  native  of  Ohio, 

and  was  appointed  a  midshipman  from  that  State  in 
September,  1861.  He  remained  at  the  Naval  Academy 
until  November  22,  1864.  He  was  then  attached  to  the 
receiving-ship  "  North  Carolina,"  at  New  York,  and  the 
school-ship  "  Sabine,"  New  London,  from  February  to 
JuK-,  1865.  He  then  made  a  three-years'  cruise  in  the 
steam-sloop  "  Hartford,"  flag-ship  of  the  Asiatic  Squad- 
ron. Promoted  to  lieutenant  March  ir,  1868,  and  com- 
missioned lieutenant-commander  in  December  of  the  same 


year.  After  being  stationed  at  the  Norfolk  Navy- Yard, 
he  was  ordered  to  the  flag-ship  "  Franklin,"  of  the  Euro- 
pean Squadron,  and  served  in  that  vessel,  and  in  others  of 
that  squadron,  from  1868  to  1872.  Upon  his  return  to  the 
Linked  States  he  was  upon  ordnance  duty  for  two  years. 
In  1875-76  he  was  on  leave  of  absence  in  luirope,  and 
during  1877  was  attached  to  the  steam-sloop  "  Marion," 
on  the  European  Station.  From  1887  to  1S89  he  was 
on  duty  at  the  Naval  Academy  at  Annapolis;  and  then 
made  a  cruise  in  the  "  Swatara,"  of  the  Asiatic  Squad- 
ron. In  1882  he  was  attached  to  the  Bureau  of  Ord- 
nance, Navy  Department;  and  was  then  for  three  years 
upon  ordnance  duty  at  Annapolis,  when  the  naval  prov- 
ing and  experimental  ordnance  work  was  carried  on. 

He  was  promoted  to  be  commander  in  March,  18S5, 
and  commanded  the  "  Quinnebaug,"  on  the  European 
Station,  during  1886-88.  After  his  return  he  was  in- 
spector of  ordnance  at  the  navy-yard  at  Washington 
from  1888  to  1890.  In  the  last  named  year  he  was 
appointed  and  confirmed  by  the  Senate  as  Chief  of  the 
Bureau  of  Ordnance,  with  rank  of  commodore,  which 
office  he  fills  at  present.  Commodore  Folger  has  been 
for  several  years  identified  with  the  extensive  and  im- 
portant work  connected  with  the  new  ordnance  provided 
for  the  navy,  and  the  establishment  of  the  plant  neces- 
sary for  making  the  same;  as  well  as  with  the  ex- 
haustive trials  of  armor-plate  of  various  descriptions. 
In  this  way  his  name  has  become  familiar  to  scientific 
engineers,  as  well  as  to  military  and  naval  men  of  all 
countries. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


i5i 


SURGEON-GENERAL  JONATHAN  M.  EOLTZ,  U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Surgeon-General  Jonathan  M.  Foltz  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  entered  the  service  from  Maryland,  as 
assistant  surgeon,  in  April,  183 1.  He  first  served  in 
the  frigate  "  Potomac,"  on  the  Pacific  Station,  and  upon 
his  return  home  was  attached  to  the  Medical  Bureau, 
and  to  the  navy-yard  at  Washington.  He  received  his 
commission  as  surgeon  in  December,  1838,  and  was  in 
charge  of  the  United  States  Naval  Hospital  at  Port 
Mahon  during  the  years  1839-40.  He  afterwards  made 
a  three  years'  cruise  on  the  Brazil  Station,  in  the  frigate 
"  Raritan."  He  was  attached  to  the  Washington  Navy- 
Yard  in  1850;  and  from  185 1  to  1854  served  in  the 
"Jamestown,"  on  the  coast  of  Brazil.  His  next  service 
was  at  the  Rendezvous  at  Philadelphia,  and  at  the  Naval 
Asylum  in  the  same  city. 

After  a  short  service  in  the  steam-frigate  "  Niagara," 
he  was,  on  the  formation  of  Farragut's  fleet  for  the 
capture  of  New  Orleans,  ordered  as  fleet-surgeon.  Dur- 
ing all  Farragut's  actions  in  1862-63,  he  occupied  the 
post  of  fleet-surgeon,  a  most  responsible  and  onerous  one. 

In  1864-66  he  was  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Exami- 
ners, and  president  of  the  board  in  1867.  When  Farra- 
gut  went  upon  his  European  cruise  in  1868-69,  Foltz 
was  again  his  fleet-surgeon.  He  was  commissioned 
medical  director  in  March,  1871,  and  was  chief  of  the 
Bureau  of  Medicine  and  Surgery,  1871-73. 

He  died  in  Philadelphia  in  April,  1887.  Dr.  Foltz 
was  a  man  who  impressed  all  with  whom  he  came  in 
contact  as  a  thorough-going  and  reliable  person.  He  had 
no  hobbies  in  his  professional  views,  which  were  sound 


and  sensible,  without  pretension.  When  President  Bu- 
chanan was  in  the  White  House,  and  became  indisposed 
or  ill,  his  first  act  was  to  send  for  Foltz,  who  was  stationed 
in  Philadelphia  at  the  time  Mr.  Buchanan  was  in  the 
presidential  chair :  so  Farragut  came  to  rely  upon  him, 
and  with  reason.  When  the  admiral  became  ill  while 
on  his  travel  in  Europe,  during  his  last  cruise,  he 
hastened  back  to  the  "  Franklin,"  at  Spezzia,  for  the  care 
which  he  required.  The  estimation  in  which  Dr.  Foltz 
was  held  by  his  townsmen  of  Lancaster,  Pennsylvania, 
was  evidenced  by  an  immense  attendance  upon  his  funeral 
in  that  ancient  city,  where  his  remains  lie  close  to  those 
of  Reynolds,  a  townsman,  and  the  hero  and  martyr  of 
the  first  day  of  Gettysburg. 


1^2 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (regular) 


REAR-ADMIRAL   ANDREW   HULL   FOOTE,   U.S.N. 
(deceasi  d). 

Rear-Admiral  Andrew  Hull  Foote  was  born  in 
Connecticut  12th  September,  1806.  He  was  a  son  of 
S.  A.  Foote,  United  States  Senator.  Foote  entered  the 
navy  as  a  midshipman  in  1822,  and  served  under  the 
elder  Porter  in  breaking  up  the  piratical  haunts  in  the 
West  Indies.  He  became  lieutenant  in  1830.  In  [849- 
50-5  1,  while  in  command  of  the"  Perry,"  he  did  effective 
service  in  the  suppression  of  the  African  .slave-trade.  In 
1856  he  was  in  China,  in  command  of  the  "Plymouth," 
during  hostilities  between  the  Chinese  and  the  English. 
While  protecting  American  property  he  was  fired  upon 
by  the  forts  on  Canton  River.  Lie  obtained  permission 
from  Commodore  Armstrong  to  demand  an  apology,  and, 
when  this  was  refused,  he  attacked  the  forts,  four  in 
number,  with  the  sloops  "Portsmouth"  and  "Levant," 
breached  the  largest,  and  carried  them  by  storm.  His 
lo  was  forty,  that  of  the  enemy  four  hundred.  When 
the  Civil  War  began  he  was  selected  to  command  the 
flotilla   forming  upon  the  Western  waters.     It  was  most 


exacting  duty,  and  he  himself  said  the  hardest  he  ever 
performed.  In  February,  1862,  having  a  number  of 
vessels  in  readiness,  he  moved  against  Fort  Henry,  in 
.  connection  with  General  Grant's  forces,  had  a  hotly- 
contested  engagement,  and  carried  the  fort  before  the 
army  got  up.  His  conduct  on  this,  as  on  other  occa- 
sions, was  conspicuously  fine.  A  few  days  after  Fort 
Donelson  was  attacked  by  the  united  forces,  ami,  dur- 
ing a  prolonged  engagement,  had  several  of  his  vessels 
disabled  and  was  himself  wounded.  In  conjunction  with 
General  Lope  he  next  operated  against  Island  No.  10, 
the  strong  works  there  surrendering  to  him  on  April  7. 
His  wound,  which  his  impetuous  spirit  had  caused  him 
to  neglect,  now  became  so  troublesome  that  he  was 
forced  to  give  up  his  command.  In  June  he  received 
the  thanks  of  Congress,  and  was  made  a  rear-admiral. 
I  le  was  also  appointed  chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Equipment 
and  Recruiting.  In  June,  1863,  he  was  selected  to  suc- 
ceed Rear-Admiral  Dupont  in  command  of  the  fleet  off 
Charleston;  but,  while  on  his  way  to  assume  this  com- 
mand, he  died  at  New  York  June  26,  1863.  He  was 
a  man  of  a  high  type  of  Christian  character,  with  most 
genial  and  lovable  traits,  but  uncompromisingly  firm  in 
his  principles,  especially  in  regard  to  temperance  reform 
in  the  navy,  where  he  was  the  means  of  abolishing  the 
spirit-ration.  Admiral  Smith  said  of  him:  "Rear- 
Admiral  Foote's  character  is  well  known  in  the  navy. 
One  ot  the  strongest  traits  was  great  persistence  in  any- 
thing he  undertook  .  .  .  He  was  truly  a  pious  man, 
severely  an  honest  man,  and  a  philanthropist  of  the  first 
order.  He  was  one  of  our  foremost  navy  officers — none 
before  him."  By  his  being  the  first  to  break  the  Con- 
federate line  of  defence,  in  an  hour  of  great  depression. 
he  raised  the  hope  and  prestige  of  success.  Courageous 
and  successful,  he  was  thoroughly  devoted  to  his  pro- 
fession, and  united  the  characteristics  of  both  the  new  and 
old  schools  of  the  navy. 

He  wrote  "Africa  and  the  American  Flag,"  which 
was  published  in  1 S 3 4 ,  and  excited  much  attention  at 
the  time. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


153 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  JAMES  FORNEY,  U.S.M.C. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  James  Forney  (United  States 
Marine  Corps)  was  born  in  Lancaster,  Pennsylvania,  on 
January  17,  1 844,  the  son  of  J.  W.  Forney. 

Colonel  Forney  was  commissioned  a  second  lieuten- 
ant March  1,  1861,  and  served  on  board  the  flag-ship 
"Roanoke;"  became  a  first  lieutenant  in  September; 
was  in  command  of  the  Marine  Barracks  at  Washing- 
ton ;  was  in  command  of  the  Marine  Barracks  at  Ports- 
mouth, New  Hampshire;  ordered  to  the  steam-sloop 
"  Brooklyn,"  West  Gulf  Squadron,  and  in  her  partici- 
pated in  the  capture  of  Forts  Jackson  and  St.  Philip, 
and  the  city  of  New  Orleans.  In  the  official  report  is 
stated,  "  Lieutenant  James  Forney,  commanding  marines, 
had  two  guns  assigned  him,  and,  with  his  men,  fought 
most  gallantly."  Admiral  Farragut  detailed  him  to  go 
on  shore  and  raise  the  flag  on  the  Custom-House  of 
New  Orleans.  It  was  the  first  hoisted  there,  and  he 
brought  off  the  Confederate  flag,  and  delivered  it  to 
Captain  Craven,  of  the  "  Brooklyn."  For  these  services 
he  was  brevetted  a  captain.  While  attached  to  the  West 
Gulf  Squadron  he  participated  in  the  actions  at  Clial- 
mette,  Port  Hudson,  Grand  Gulf,  first  and  second  attacks 
on  Vicksburg,  Donaldsonville,  Bayou  Sara,  and  Galves- 
ti  in,  Texas.  At  Brazos  Santiago  he  cut  out  and  captured 
four  vessels,  with  valuable  cargoes,  from  under  the  rebel 
batteries.  He  was  commissioned  captain  in  April, 
1864. 

In  July  of  that  year,  when  a  Confederate  army  under 
Early  threatened  the  capital,  Forney  had  command  of 
the  troops  at  Havre  de  Grace,  Maryland.  General  French, 
in  his  report  of  the  ensuing  operations,  writes  thus  :  "The 
army  of  the  Confederates,  under  Jubal  Early,  was  at  the 
gates  of  Washington  ;  communication  with  the  northern 
cities  was  cut  off;  Gilmore's  cavalry  had  captured  a 
passenger  train  (made  prisoner  of  General  Franklin) 
and  then  destroyed  it,  and  burned  the  bridge  over  Gun- 
powder River.  The  War  Department  shared  in  these 
fears  of  disaster,  and,  by  telegraph,  all  the  available 
troops  at  the  West  were  ordered  to  assemble  at  Havre 
de  Grace,  Maryland.  At  the  same  time  a  despatch 
requested  me  to  assume  command  of  them.  In  less 
than  eight  hours'  time  three  thousand  men  had  reported, 
of  all  arms  of  the  service.  Captain  Forney  was  first  on 
the  ground,  with  a  splendid  battalion  of  troops  of  the 
Marine  Corps,  and  eight  field  howitzers.  These  troops 
were  at  once  advanced  ;  a  part  covered  the  reconstruction 
of  the  bridges,  and  others  were  made  to  demonstrate 
upon  the  rebel  rear  and  flanks,  preparatory  to  an  advance. 
The  same  day  the  travel  through  to  Baltimore  was  opened. 
Early,  threatened  in  every  direction,  fell  back." 

For  this  duty  Captain   Forney  received  the  brevet  of 
lieutenant-colonel,  "  for  meritorious  services  in  defeating 
a  rebel  raid  at  Gunpowder  Bridge." 
20 


After  the  war  Forney  served  in  the  flag-ship  "  Hart- 
ford," in  the  Asiatic  Squadron,  as  fleet  marine  officer, 
from  1865  to  1868.  During  an  unusually  severe  and 
exhausting  expedition  in  the  Island  of  Formosa,  in  June, 
1867,  he  commanded  the  marines.  The  climate,  the 
nature  of  the  ground,  and  the  bush-fighting  of  the  natives 
rendered  this  service  a  particularly  trying  one.  He  was 
recognized  by  a  brevet  of  major  "for  gallant  and  meri- 
torious services  in  the  action  with  the  savages  at  Formosa, 
June  13,  1867." 

In  October,  1870,  Colonel  Forney  commanded  the 
marines  in  the  riots  which  took  place  in  Philadelphia  in 
consequence  of  the  enforcement  of  the  Fifteenth  Amend- 
ment, being  the  first  vote  of  the  colored  population. 

Aided  the  revenue  officers  in  the  task  of  breaking 
up  illicit  distillation  in  Philadelphia  ;  and  in  September 
of  1873  joined  the  "  Minnesota"  steam-frigate. 

In  1875  and  1876  he  was  fleet  marine  officer  of  the 
North  Pacific  Squadron;  in  August,  1876,  assumed  the 
command  of  the  marines  at  League  Island,  and  in 
1877-78  commanded  the  marines  at  Norfolk,  Virginia. 
In  the  summer  of  1877,  during  the  labor  riots,  he  com- 
manded the  second  battalion  of  marines,  who  were  com- 
plimented in  general  orders  by  the  Secretary  of  the 
Navy  and  by  General  Hancock.  Colonel  Barry,  of  the 
Second  Artillery,  brevet  major-general  commanding, 
says  : 

"  On  relieving  the  marines  from  further  duty  under  my 
command,  I  shall  express  the  opinion  of  Major-General 
Hancock,  and  shall  find  great  pleasure  in  giving  expres- 
sion also  to  my  own  conviction,  'that  the  services  and 
military  appearance  and  conduct  of  the  battalion  of 
Luiited  States  marines,  commanded  by  Captain  Forney, 
have  been  such,  while  serving  in  this  command,  as  to 
entitle  them  to  commendation  and  thanks.'  " 

In  command  at  League  Island,  Pennsylvania. 


154 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


COMMANDHR  J.   M.   FORSYTH,  U.S.N. 

Commander  James  McQueen  Forsyth  was  born 
on  Long  Island,  Bahamas,  January  I,  1S42.  He  came 
to  Philadelphia  when  eleven  years  old,  and  was  edu- 
cated in  the  public  schools  of  that  city.  At  the  age 
of  fifteen  he  went  to  sea  in  the  merchant  service,  and 
then,  before  he  was  twenty  years  of  age,  on  August  I, 
1 861,  entered  the  naval  service  as  a  volunteer,  under 
Commander  H.  S.  Stellwagen,  who  appointed  him 
second-class  pilot  for  the  Hatteras  Expedition,  and  who 
favorably  mentioned  him  in  his  report  of  the  capture 
of  Forts  Clark  and  Hatteras.  In  September,  1861,  he 
was  made  acting  master's  mate,  and  served  thenceforth 
in  various  grades  through  the  war,  in  the  North  and 
South  Atlantic  and  the  West  Gulf  Squadrons.  He  was 
present  in  the  engagements  under  Farragut  from  Forts 
Jackson  and  St.  Philip  to  Vicksburg,  the  fight  at  Grand 
Gulf,  and  the  engagements  with  the  rebel  ram  "Arkan- 
sas." For  good  service  in  these  actions  he  was  made 
acting  ensign  in  September,  1862;  was  then  attached 
to  the  "  Water-Witch,"  "  Pawnee,"  and  monitor  "  Nan- 
tucket," of  the  South  Atlantic  Squadron  ;  took  part  in 
expeditions  up  St.  John's  River,  and  various  engagements 
with  Sumter,  Moultrie,  and  other  works  at  Charleston. 
Promoted  to  acting  master  August  1,  1864.  He  was  one 
of  the  officers  detailed  to  take  north  the  captured  rebel 
ram  "Columbia,"  in    May.    1865.     From    1865   to   1868 


served  as  navigator  and  executive-officer  of  the  "  Nyack," 
of  the  Pacific  Squadron. 

Commissioned  as  master  in  the  regular  navy  March, 
1868,  and  as  lieutenant  December  18,  1868.  During 
1868  and  1869  he  was  executive-officer  of  the  "  Pur- 
veyor," on  special  service.  After  duty  on  board  the 
receiving-ship  "  Potomac,"  he  became  navigator  and 
executive-officer  of  the  iron-clad  "  Saugus,"  of  the  North 
Atlantic  Squadron,  and  then  executive-officer  of  the  iron- 
clad "  Ajax."  He  was  next  stationed  at  the  navy-yard 
at  Philadelphia  from  May,  1871,  to  December,  1872,  and 
then  joined  the  "  Supply"  as  executive-officer.  This 
vessel  was  employed  on  special  service  in  connection  with 
the  Vienna  Exposition  from  January  to  December,  1873. 
For  some  months  after  this,  Lieutenant  Forsyth  was 
stationed  at  the  Philadelphia  Navy- Yard.  From  March, 
1874,  to  February,  1877,  he  was  navigating  officer  of  the 
"  Powhatan,"  North  Atlantic  Station.  Ill  health  caused 
him  to  take  three  months'  sick-leave,  but  he  was  ordered 
to  the  course  in  torpedo  instruction  that  summer,  and  for 
the  rest  of  1877  and  the  whole  of  1878  he  was  on  duty 
at  League  Island.  He  was  promoted  lieutenant-com- 
mander May  9,  1878;  served  as  executive-officer  of  the 
"Constellation"  in  her  special  service  of  Irish  relief, 
March  to  June,  1880,  and  then  was  for  some  months 
upon  "  waiting  orders."  In  1 88 1 ,  after  three  months'  ser- 
vice in  the  receiving-ship  "  Colorado,"  he  was  ordered 
to  the  "  Lancaster,"  of  the  Mediterranean  Squadron,  as 
navigating  and  executive-officer,  where  he  remained  until 
September,  1884.  The  "  Lancaster"  was  flag-ship  during 
this  period. 

Lieutenant-Commander  Forsyth  was  on  leave  from 
November,  1884, to  April,  1885,  when  he  was  ordered  to 
League  Island  as  ordnance  officer,  and  remained  there 
until  June,  1886.  At  that  date  he  was  ordered  to  the 
U.  S.  Naval  Home  as  assistant  to  the  executive-officer, 
and  remained  on  that  duty  until  Jul)-,  1889.  He  was 
promoted  to  be  commander  February  14,  18S9. 

Commander  Forsyth  was  ordered  to  the  command  of 
the  school-ship  "  Saratoga,"  but  the  orders  were  revoked 
at  his  own  request,  and  he  was  then  detailed  for  the 
command  of  the  "  Tallapoosa,"  of  the  Brazil  Squadron. 
This  vessel  was  condemned  and  sold  on  the  station  in 
the  early  spring  of  1S92,  and  Commander  Forsyth  re- 
turned to  the  United  States  bv  mail-steamer. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


1 55 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  ROYAL  T.  FRANK,  U.S.A. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Royal  T.  Frank  (Second  Ar- 
tillery) was  born  in  Gray,  Cumberland  County,  Maine, 
May  6,  1836,  his  ancestors  being  among  the  pioneer 
settlers  of  that  State.  He  was  appointed  to  the  Military 
Academy  at  West  Point  in  1854,  and,  graduating  four 
years  later,  was  assigned  to  the  Eighth  Infantry,  which 
he  joined  in  New  Mexico  in  1859.  In  the  following 
summer  he  participated  in  a  campaign  against  the  Kiowa 
and  Comanche  Indians  of  that  Territory,  and  on  the 
23d  of  July,  while  in  command  of  Companies  E  and  K 
of  his  regiment,  was  engaged  in  a  severe  skirmish  with 
a  largely  superior  number  of  those  Indians  near  Hatch's 
Ranch,  New  Mexico.  His  prompt  and  soldier-like  con- 
duct in  that  affair  was  highly  commended  by  the  depart- 
ment commander,  and  was  mentioned  in  orders  from  the 
head-quarters  of  the  army  announcing  the  operations  of 
that  year. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  May  14,  1861,  and 
in  May,  1861,  while  en  route  with  a  battalion  of  his  regi- 
ment under  the  command  of  Brevet  Lieutenant-Colonel 
J.  V.  D.  Reeves,  from  El  Paso,  Texas,  to  the  coast,  he 
was  surrendered  a  prisoner  of  war  near  San  Antonio, 
and  was  held  a  prisoner  in  Texas  until  exchanged  in 
February,  1862,  when  he  rejoined  his  regiment  in  the 
defences  of  Washington,  having  been  promoted  captain 
February  27,  1862. 

He  was  in  the  field  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
and  during  the  Peninsula  campaign  was  on  provost  duty 
at  the  head-quarters  of  that  army.  I  le  commanded  his 
regiment  during  the  Maryland  and  Rappahannock  cam- 
paign, and  was  on  duty  with  it  during  the  Gettysburg 
campaign.  From  1864  to  1866  was  acting  assistant 
adjutant-general  of  the  general  recruiting  service.  He 
was  made  brevet  major  for  gallant  and  meritorious  ser- 
vices during  the  Peninsula  campaign,  and  brevet  lieu- 
tenant-colonel for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the 
battle  of  Fredericksburg,  Virginia. 

After  the  war  he  was  on  duty  in  the  South,  and  during 
the  reconstruction  period  commanded  the  posts  or  dis- 
tricts of  Wilmington,  North  Carolina,  and  Darlington, 
South   Carolina,  and  subsequently  was  in  command  at 


several  other  posts  until  December,  1870,  when  he  was 
transferred  to  the  First  Artillery.  With  that  regiment 
he  served  at  various  points,  North  and  South,  and  was 
engaged  with  it  at  different  times  in  suppressing  civil 
disturbances  incident  to  the  internal  revenue  laws,  the 
political  troubles  in  the  South  in  1876,  and  the  labor 
troubles  in  Pennsylvania  in  1877.  In  the  performance 
of  these  duties  he  was  in  command  at  several  important 
points,  and  was  mentioned  in  the  reports  of  General 
Hancock  and  others  for  especially  valuable  services.  In 
1 88 1  his  regiment  was  transferred  to  the  Pacific  coast, 
where  he  served  until  1886,  commanding  the  posts  of 
Alcatraz  Island  and  Fort  Point,  San  Francisco  harbor. 
In  June  he  was  ordered  to  Fort  Monroe,  Virginia,  and 
assigned  to  duty  at  the  Artillery  School  as  superintendent 
of  the  departments  of  engineering,  law,  and  military  art ; 
subsequently  as  senior  instructor  in  the  latter  depart- 
ment. In  November,  1888,  he  was  assigned  to  the  com- 
mand of  the  Artillery  School  and  of  the  post  of  Fort 
Monroe. 

Colonel  Frank  was  transferred  from  the  Infantry  to  the 
First  Artillery  as  a  captain  December  15,  1870.  He  was 
promoted  major  January  2,  1881,  and  lieutenant-colonel 
of  the  Second  Artillery  January  25,  1889. 


1 56 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


RKAR-ADMIRAL  SAMUEL   R.  FRANKLIN,  U.S.N. 

(Kl  TIKI  D). 

Rear-Admiral  Samuel  R.  Franklin  was  bom  in  Penn- 
sylvania, and  appointed  midshipman  from  that  State, 
February  18,  1841.  First  served  on  the  frigate  "United 
States,"  in  the  Pacific,  and  then  in  the  "  Relief,"  store- 
ship.  Present  at  the  demonstration  upon  Monterey, 
when  no  resistance  was  offered,  and  the  place  was  occu- 
pied without  a  battle.  Midshipman  Franklin  was  de- 
tained abroad  by  the  event,  and  was  not  ordered  to  the 
Naval  School  until  1847.  Passed  midshipman  August 
10,  1847.  Served  in  razee  "  Independence,"  Mediter- 
ranean, for  three  years,  and  on  the  Coast  Survey  for  two 
years.  Commissioned  lieutenant  September  14,  1855; 
Naval  Academy,  1855-56;  sloop  "Falmouth,"  Pra7.il 
Squadron,  1857-59;  sloop"  Macedonian,"  Home  Squad- 
ron, 1859-60;  sloop  "  Dakota,"  Atlantic  cast,  1861-62. 
When  the"  Merrimac"  came  out,  on  the  8th  March,  1862, 
Lieutenant  Franklin  was  a  volunteer  on  board  the 
"Roanoke"  at  the  time  the  "Congress''  and  "Cumber- 
land" were  destroyed.  The  "  Roanoke"  was  engaged 
with  the  batteries  at  Sewell's  Point,  but  grounded  soon 
.ifter,  and  was  not  fairly  in  action  with  the  rebel  iron- 
clad. July  [6,  [862,  was  commissioned  as  lieutenant- 
commander,   and    ordered    to   command   "Aroostook," 


gun-boat,  James  River  Flotilla.  In  1863  proceeded  in 
same  vessel  to  the  West  Gulf  Blockading  Squadron  ; 
was  upon  special  duty  in  New  Orleans  in  1864;  chief 
of  staff  of  West  Gulf  Blockading  Squadron,  under  Bell, 
Palmer,  and  Thatcher  ;  was  the  naval  representative  in 
the  demand  for  the  surrender  of  the  city  of  Mobile,  in 
the  spring  of  [865.  After  the  war  commanded  "Sagi- 
naw," North  Pacific  Squadron,  1866-67;  on  special  duty 
in  regard  to  laying  a  cable  across  Bering's  Straits. 

Commissioned  commander  September,  1866;  ordnance 
duty,  navy-yard,  California,  1868-69.  In  1869-70  com- 
manded "  Mohican,"  North  Pacific  Squadron,  and  took 
the  scientific  party  to  Plover  Bay,  Siberia,  to  observe  the 
total  eclipse  of  the  sun. 

Equipment  duty,  Mare  Island  Navy-Yard,  1870-72; 
commissioned  captain  August  13,  1872;  commanded 
"Wabash,"  European  Station,  1873;  also  served  as  chief 
of  staff  to  Admiral  Case.  When  the  flag  was  shifted 
to  the  "  Franklin,"  Captain  Franklin  commanded  her, 
and  was  chief  of  staff  to  Rear-Admiral  Worden  ;  presi- 
dent of  Board  for  Promotion  of  Officers,  navy-yard,  Nor- 
folk, 1877;  promoted  to  commodore  May  1881  ;  special 
duty,  Washington,  1881—83;  previous  to  which  served 
as  hydrographer  to  the  Bureau  of  Navigation  ;  superin- 
tendent of  Naval  Observatory,  1884-85.  In  that  posi- 
tion represented  United  States  of  Colombia  in  the  In- 
ternational Conference  to  establish  a  prime  meridian  ; 
promoted  rear-admiral  January,  1885;  ordered  to  com- 
mand of  European  Station  February,  1885,  with  "  Pensa- 
cola"  as  flag-ship.  Remained  on  that  station  until  re- 
lieved, and  retired,  under  operation  of  the  law,  in  Au- 
gust, 1887. 

.Although  Admiral  Franklin  was  on  the  retired  list, 
he  was,  in  February,  1889,  appointed  by  President  Cleve- 
land as  one  of  the  delegates  on  the  part  of  the  United 
States  to  the  International  Marine  Conference,  and  was 
chosen  president  of  that  body  upon  its  assembly  at 
Washington,  on  October  16,  1889.  Admiral  Franklin 
had  two  brothers  in  the  army.  One  was  the  very  dis- 
tinguished General  William  B.  Franklin,  the  commander 
of  an  army  corps  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  The 
other,  younger,  was  in  the  Twelfth  Infantry,  and  resigned, 
soon  after  the  late  war,  to  engage  in  the  superintendence 
of  extensive  iron-works. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


'57 


COLONEL  AND   BREVET  MAJOR-GENERAL  WILLIAM 
B.  FRANKLIN,  U.S.A. 

Colonel  and  Brevet  Major-General  William  B. 
Franklin  was  born  in  Pennsylvania,  and  graduated  at 
the  Military  Academy  July  i,  1843.  He  was  promoted 
brevet  second  lieutenant  of  the  Topographical  Engi- 
neers in  1845  ;  he  was  detailed  as  topographical  officer  on 
General  Kearney's  expedition  to  the  South  Pass  of  the 
Rocky  Mountains,  in  the  same  year. 

Promoted  second  lieutenant  in  the  same  corps  Septem- 
ber 21,  1846,  he  served  in  the  war  with  Mexico,  partici- 
pating in  General  Wool's  march  through  Coahuila  during 
1846-47,  being  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Buena  Vista 
February  22-23,  l%47>  anc'  brevetted  first  lieutenant  for 
this  engagement  "  for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct." 

On  Jul)-  21,  1848,  Lieutenant  Franklin  was  ordered  to 
the  Military  Academy  as  assistant  professor  of  natural 
and  experimental  philosophy,  which  he  retained  until 
January  9,  1852. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  March  3,  1853,  and 
captain  in  his  corps  July  1,  1857,  was  secretary  of  the 
Light-House  Board  from  March  3,  1857,  until  November 
1,  1S59,  when  he  was  detailed  as  superintending  engineer 
in  charge  of  the  extension  of  the  capitol  (including  the 
new  dome),  and  of  the  General  Post-Office  at  Washing- 
ton, D.  C,  until  March  3,  1861,  when  he  was  made  chief 
of  the  Construction  Bureau  of  the  U.  S.  Treasury  De- 
partment and  superintending  engineer  of  the  Treasury 
Building  Extension  until  May  14,  [861,  at  which  date  he 
was  appointed  colonel  of  the  Twelfth  U.  S.  Infantry. 

Colonel  Franklin  was  appointed  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers  May  17,  [861,  and  was  engaged  at  New  York 
City  until  June  30,  1 86 1,  in  receiving  and  forwarding 
volunteers.  He  then  entered  the  field,  ami  was  in  com- 
mand of  a  brigade  in  the  Manassas  campaign,  being 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  first  Bull  Run  July  21,  1861. 
He  was  placed  in  command  at  Alexandria,  Virginia, 
August  1,  1 861,  and  from  September  1,  1861,  to  March, 
1862,  was  in  command  of  a  division  in  the  defences  of 
Washington.  He  entered  on  the  Peninsula  campaign 
with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  in  command  of  a  divi- 
sion, in  March,  1862,  and  was  assigned  to  the  command 
of  the  Sixth  Army  Corps  in  the  following  May,  which 
he  retained  until  August,  1862,  being  engaged  in  the 
siege  of  Yorktown,  combat  of  West  Point,  Virginia  (in 
command);  action  at  Golding's  Farm,  battle  of  White 
Oak  Bridge,  battle  of  Savage  Station,  battle  of  Malvern 
Hill,  and  skirmish  at  Harrison's  Landing. 

Appointed  major-general  of  volunteers  July  4,  1862, 
and  participated  in  the  Maryland  campaign,  being  en- 
gaged (in  command)  at  the  battle  of  Crampton's  Gap, 
South  Mountain  ;  and  was  also  engaged  at  the  battle 
of  Antietam,  September  17,  1862.     After  McClellan's  re- 


lief from  the  command  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  he 
was  placed  in  command  of  the  Left  Grand  Division 
(First  and  Sixth  Corps)  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  to 
January  24,  1863,  having  been  engaged  in  the  battle  of 
Fredericksburg,  Virginia,  December  11- 14,  1862;  was 
on  waiting  orders  to  June  27,  1863,  when  he  was  ordered 
to  the  Department  of  the  Gulf,  being  in  command  of  the 
troops  in  and  about  Baton  Rouge,  Louisiana,  to  August 
15,  1863,  when  he  commanded  the  expedition  to  Sabine 
Pass,  Texas,  and  was  in  command  of  the  Nineteenth 
Army  Corps,  and  of  the  troops  in  Western  Louisiana, 
and  took  part  in  the  Red  River  Expedition,  being  en- 
gaged in  the  battle  of  Sabine  Cross-Roads,  April  8,  1864, 
where  he  was  wounded,  but,  continuing  on  duty,  was  in 
the  battle  of  Pleasant  Hill,  April  9,  1864,  and  action  of 
Monette's  Crossing  of  Cane  River,  April  23,  1864. 

While  on  sick-leave  from  April  29  to  December  2, 
1S64,  he  was  captured  by  rebel  raiders  in  the  Philadel- 
phia and  Baltimore  Railroad  cars,  July  11,  1864,  but 
escaped  during  the  next  night;  was  president  of  board 
for  retiring  disabled  officers,  at  Wilmington,  to  Novem- 
ber 10,  1865,  when  he  was  granted  leave  of  absence  to 
March  15,  1866,  when  he  resigned  from  the  army, 
having  resigned  his  volunteer  commission  November  10, 
1865.  March  13,  1865,  he  was  brevetted  major-general 
U.  S.  Army  "  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the 
field  during  the  Rebellion." 

Upon  entering  civil  life,  General  Franklin  became  gen- 
eral agent  of  Colt's  Fire-Arms  Mf.  Co.,  at  Hartford,  Conn., 
from  November  15,  1865.  He  is  the  only  citizen  of  the 
United  States  upon  whom  has  been  conferred  the  French 
decoration  of  "Grand  Officier  de  la  Legion  d'Honneur." 
Has  been  President  of  the  Board  of  Managers  of  the 
National  House  for  Disabled  Volunteer  Soldiers  since 
April  21,  1880. 


1 58 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


MAJOR  HENRY   BLANCHARD   FREEMAN,    U.S.A. 

Major  Henry  Blanchard  Freeman  (Sixteenth  In- 
fantry) was  born  in  Ohio  January  17,  1837.  At  the  com- 
mencement of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  he  entered  the 
regular  service  as  private  in  Company  B,  Second  Battalion, 
Eighteenth  Infantry,  July  8,  1861  ;  was  promoted  first 
sergeant,  and  was  discharged  November  4.  1861 ,  to  accept 
the  appointment  of  second  lieutenant  of  the  Eighteenth 
Infantry  to  date  from  October  30,  1861. 

1  le  served  in  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland  in  1862-63, 
and  was  engaged  in  siege  of  Corinth,  Perryville,  Ken- 
tucky, Hoover's  Gap,  Tennessee,  Monroe  Cross  Ro 
North  Carolina,  cavalry  combat  at  Solemn  Grove,  North 
1  arolina,  and  the  battles  of  Murfreesborough  and 
Chickamauga.  He  was  made  prisoner  of  war  in  Sep- 
tember, [863,  and  escaped  from  Libby  prison,  Rich- 
mond, through  the  famous  tunnel,  February  14,  1864, 
but  was  recaptured  three  days  later  on  Appomattox 
River,  above  City  Point.  He  was  one  of  the  officers 
placed  under  the  fire  from  Union  batteries  at  Charleston, 
South  Carolina,  in  August,  1864.  He  again  escaped 
from  a  railway  train  on  the  Savannah  and  Charleston 
Railroad,  the  same  month,  but  surrendered  to  avoid  star- 


vation. In  November,  1864,  he  escaped  from  prison,  Camp 
Sorghum,  near  Columbia,  South  Carolina,  in  November, 
1S64,  and  was  recaptured  ten  days  later.  For  the  fourth 
time  he  escaped  from  prison  at  Columbia,  South  Caro- 
lina, February  14,  1S65,  and  joined  General  Sherman's 
army,  and  was  with  the  Seventeenth  Corps  from  that  date 
to  April,  1865,  when  he  was  on  duty  with  the  head- 
quarter.-, of  Kilpatrick's  Cavalry  Corps,  from  Winsbor- 
ough,  South  Carolina,  to  Fayetteville,  North  Carolina. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  May  30,  1862,  and 
captain  J  Lily  28,  1866,  and  received  the  brevets  of  cap- 
tain December  31,  1862,  for  "gallant  and  meritorious 
services  in  the  battle  of  Murfreesborough.,  Tennessee;" 
and  major  September  20,  1 863,  for  "gallant  and  meri- 
torious services  in  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  Georgia." 

Lieutenant  Freeman  was  adjutant  of  the  First  Battal- 
ion of  the  Eighteenth  Infantry  from  March  16,  1863 
to  November  1,  1865,  and  was  acting  assistant  adjutant- 
general  of  the  Seventeenth  Army  Corps  from  February 
14,  1865  to  April,  1865. 

Captain  Freeman  served  with  his  regiment  on  the 
frontier  in  the  Department  of  the  Platte  at  Forts  Phil 
Kearney  and  Reno  from  1 866  to  1869,  and  was  on  the 
Republican  River  campaign  of  the  latter  year.  Depart- 
ment of  Dakota  from  April,  1870,  to  1882.  He  com- 
manded two  companies  and  a  detachment  of  the  Seventh 
Infantry  against  the  half  breeds  on  Milk  River,  Montana, 
in  the  fall  of  1871,  and  then  was  stationed  at  Camp 
Baker,  Montana,  to  July,  1875.  He  was  in  command  of 
six  companies  of  the  Seventh  Infantry  in  the  Sioux  cam- 
paign of  1876,  and  commanded  the  escort  to  the  Sitting 
Bull  Commission  to  Fort  Walsh,  Canada,  in  1877.  He 
was  in  command  of  the  troops  at  Rock  Springs,  Wyo- 
ming, from  July  13,  1887,  to  September  20,  1889,  and 
was  then  detailed  on  special  recruiting  service  at  St.  Paul, 
Minnesota,  December  16,  1890,  when  he  was  detailed  as 
a  member  of  the  board  to  select  a  magazine-gun  for  the 
army,  on  which  duty  he  is  at  present  in  New  York 
City. 

He  was  promoted  major  of  infantry  June  19,  iS9i,and 
assigned  to  the  Sixteenth  Regiment. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


159 


MAJOR-GENERAL  JOHN  CHARLES  FREMONT,  U.S.A.. 
F.R.G.S.  (deceased). 

Major- General  John  Charles  Fremont,  F.R.G.S., 
Chevalier  of  the  Prussian  "  Order  of  Merit,"  etc.,  was 
of  Huguenot  parentage  on  his  father's  side,  and  con- 
nected with  the  Washington  family  on  his  mother's.  He 
received  from  the  Charleston  College  the  degree  of 
Bachelor  and  Master  of  Arts  ;  his  mathematical  attain- 
ments especially  fitted  him  for  his  after-life.  In  1838  he 
was  appointed  second  lieutenant  Topographical  Engi- 
neers, U.S.A.,  and  was  Nicollet's  assistant  in  the  two 
explorations  north  of  the  Missouri  in  1838-39.  After 
the  second  of  these  he  married  Jessie  Benton,  daughter 
of  Senator  Thomas  H.  Benton.  In  1S42  he  made  the 
first  of  the  great  explorations  in  the  then  unmapped 
West,  and  continued  them  through  the  years  1842, 
1843-44,  1845-46-47,  1848-49,  1853-54.  The  third 
resulted  in  the  conquest  of  California  by  Captain  Fre- 
mont, to  whom  the  government  sent  as  special  messenger 
Lieutenant  Archibald  Gillespie,  with  instructions  that 
the  President  intended  to  take  possession  of  California. 
Captain  Fremont  was  the  only  army  officer  then  in  that 
Mexican  province,  and  he  acted  for  his  government. 

Later,  General  Kearney  attempted  to  supersede  Com- 
modore Stockton,  the  provisional  military  governor. 
Failing  this,  he  ordered  Captain  Fremont  to  desert 
Stockton.  Captain  Fremont  refused,  and  was  court- 
martialled,  being  thus  kept  from  the  command  of  his 
regiment  during  the  Mexican  War.  He  was  sentenced  to 
dismissal,  but  the  President  disapproved  of  and  re- 
mitted the  sentence.  Colonel  Fremont  considered  the 
sentence  unjust,  and  resigned.  Lie  had  previously  re- 
ceived a  double  brevet  at  the  instigation  of  General 
Scott,  and  had  been  appointed  military  governor  of  Cali- 
fornia. He  then  made  the  exploration  of  1848-49,  in 
which  one-third  of  the  party  died  from  exposure  and 
starvation.  He  was  appointed  by  the  government  com- 
missioner to  run  the  boundary  between  the  United  States 
and  Mexico  ;  and,  later,  elected  first  V.  S.  Senator  from 
California  to  Congress.  In  1853  he  made  his  last 
exploration  across  the  Rocky  Mountains  ;  the  last  two 
explorations  were  made  at  his  own  expense.  In  1856  he 
was  nominated  for  the  Presidency  by  the  just-formed 
Republican  part)',  which  was  defeated.  He  was  in  Eng- 
land at  the  breaking  out  of  the  war  in  1861  ;  offered  his 
services,  and  commenced  buying  arms  for  the  govern- 
ment on  his  own  credit  and  responsibility ;  received  his 
appointment  as  major-general  in  the  regular  army  and 
was  assigned  to  command  the  Western  Department.  He 
was  given  by  President  Lincoln  unlimited  powers  in  his 
own  department.  In  three  months  he  organized  and 
equipped  one  hundred  thousand  men,  having  to  buy  and 
manufacture  most  of  the  weapons  and  clothing.  He 
recognized  the  abilities  of  LT.  S.  Grant,  and  gave  him  his 


first  independent  command,  against  the  advice  of  those 
who  had  known  Captain  Grant,  and  after  the  War  1  tepart- 
ment  and  General  McClellan  had  refused  to  do  so.  He 
was  the  first  to  build  iron-clad  gun-boats.  August  30, 
1861,  General  Fremont  issued  his  proclamation,  emanci- 
pating the  slaves  of  rebels  in  his  department.  He  cleared 
Missouri  of  rebels,  but,  owing  to  political  influences, 
General  Fremont  was  superseded  by  Hunter  on  the  eve 
of  battle.  Hunter  immediately  retreated  from  a  far  in- 
ferior force,  his  trains  and  rear-guard  suffering  severe- 
loss  at  the  rebels'  hands.  General  Fremont  was  then 
placed  in  command  of  the  Mountain  Department,  Vir- 
ginia, and  came  in  on  Jack-son's  rear  during  the  latter's 
retreat  down  the  Valley  of  the  Shenandoah  in  [862,  pur- 
suing him  for  six  days,  and  fighting  a  battle  with  ten  thou- 
sand five  hundred  men  against  Jackson's  seventeen  thou- 
sand, the  forces  under  Fremont  remaining  on  the  field. 

Serious  political  and  personal  controversy  between 
Fremont  and  Lincoln  caused  the  latter  to  refuse  Fre- 
mont another  command,  and  Fremont  resigned,  to  accept, 
fune  4,  1864,  the  nomination  to  the  Presidency,  tendered 
him  by  the  convention  which  met  at  Cleveland,  Ohio. 
The  division  of  the  Republican  party  following  the  rival 
candidacy  of  Fremont  and  Lincoln  would  have  resulted 
in  the  election  of  the  Democratic  candidate,  and  Lincoln 
sent  Senator  Zach.  Chandler  to  Fremont,  to  ask  him  to 
withdraw,  and  General  Fremont  did  so,  to  save  the  party. 

General  Fremont  now  embarked  his  large  fortune  in 
the  building  of  a  trans-continental  railway,  but  through 
the  dishonest}'  of  agents  lost  every  dollar.  In  March, 
1878,  a  full  release  on  all  accounts  and  charges  was  given 
General  Fremont,  the  courts  having  found  that  the 
charges  made  against  him  in  1872  by  these  agents  were 
altogether  false.  In  1878  General  Fremont  was  appointed 
Governor  of  Arizona  Territory.  In  1890  General  Fre- 
mont was  placed  on  the  retired  list  of  the  army,  with  his 
former  rank  of  major-general.     Died  July  13,  1890. 


i6o 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  {regular) 


CAPTAIN  J.   H.   GAGF.BY.   U.S.A. 

Captain  I.  H.  Gageby  (Third  Infantry)  was  born  at 
fohnstown,  Pennsylvania,  September  5,  1836.  He  is  of 
Scotch-Irish  descent.  His  grandfather,  James  Gageby, 
was  in  Independence  Hall  when  the  Declaration  of  Inde- 
pendence was  read,  and  fought  through  the  entire  Revo- 
lutionary War  and  afterwards  settled  111  Westmoreland 
Count)-,  Pennsylvania. 

Entered  the  army  as  sergeant  of  Company  K,  Third 
Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  April  19,  1 861,  and  was  actively 
engaged  at  the  battle  of  Falling  Waters,  Virginia,  July 
2,  1S61.  lie  enlisted  in  the  Nineteenth  U.  S.  Infantry 
October  25,  1861,  and  was  appointed  first  sergeant 
from  the  date  of  his  enlistment.  His  company  joined 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac  at  Harrison's  Landing  July  4, 
1862,  and  was  with  it  through  the  battles  of  South 
Mountain  and  Antietam,  Maryland,  and  Fredericksburg, 
Virginia,  when  it  was  transferred  to  the  Army  of  the 
( iumberland  March,  1863. 

He  was  appointed  a  second  lieutenant  of  the  Nine- 
teenth Infantry  June  1,  1S63,  and  promoted  first  lieuten- 
ant December  28,  1 863. 

He  was  in  command  of  Company  G,  Nineteenth  In- 
fantry, at  the  battle  of  Hoover's  Gap,  Tennessee,  June 
20,  [863,  for  which  he  was  brevetted  for  "  gallant  and 
meritorious  services  in  action." 

lie  was  actively  engaged  in  several  severe  skirmishes 
during  the  march  to  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  in  which 
latter  engagement  he  was  wounded  and  made  a  prisoner 
of  war  September  20,  1S63,  and  was  again  brevetted  for 
gallant  anil  meritorious  services  in  this  battle. 


He  remained  a  prisoner  of  war  in  the  different  South- 
ern prisons, — Atlanta,  Augusta,  Libby  Prison,  Virginia; 
Danville,  Virginia;  Macon,  Georgia  ;  Charleston,  South 
Carolina  (under  the  fire  of  our  own  artillery  in  1S64); 
Columbia,  South  Carolina;  Charlotte,  Raleigh,  Golds- 
borough,  and  Wilmington,  North  Carolina,  from  which 
place  he  was  exchanged  on  parole  March  1,  1865. 
Total  length  of  imprisonment,  seventeen  months  and 
ten  days. 

Lieutenant  Gageby  was  one  of  Colonel  Rose's  party, 
when  the  latter  commenced  work  on  the  second  tunnel 
to  escape  from  Libby  Prison,  at  Richmond,  Virginia. 
Although  he  did  not  actually  work  in  the  tunnel,  he 
performed  the  necessary  duty  in  the  prison  to  prevent  its 
discovery  while  in  progress.  He  was  Number  23,  of  the 
one  hundred  and  ten  who  escaped  by  the  famous  tunnel 
in  February,  1864,  but  he  was,  unfortunately,  recaptured 
and  confined  in  the  dungeon  at  Libby  Prison  several 
days,  and  subsequently  transferred  to  the  prisons  farther 
South. 

Lieutenant  Gageby  was  appointed  a  captain  July  28, 
1 866,  and  assigned  to  the  Thirty-seventh  United  States 
Infantry. 

In  the  winter  of  1868-69  he  was  in  command  of  the 
Infantry  column  with  Colonel  Evans's  expedition  against 
the  Comanches,  and  was  actively  engaged  in  the  fight 
with  those  Indians  all  day  of  Christmas,  186S,  in  which 
their  village  of  sixty  lodges  was  destroyed.  Colonel 
Evans's  letter  to  him,  concerning  the  fight,  says,  "  The 
marching  of  your  men  was  the  talk  and  wonder  of  the 
column,  and  you  held  the  line  until  their  supplies  were 
destroyed;  and  on  no  one  did  I  place  more  dependence 
than  yourself,  and  you  are  eminently  deserving  of  a 
brevet  for  this  fight, — certainly  as  much  so  as  my- 
self." 

Captain  Gageby  participated  also  in  the  campaign  of 
General  Brooke  against  the  Mesceleros  and  Sierra 
Diablo  Lipan  Apache  Indians  in  April  and  May,  1869, 
and  was  then  transferred  to  the  Third  Infantry  August 
1 1 ,  1 S69. 

From  1874  to  1S77,  the  captain  was  employed  on 
"  reconstruction  duty"  in  the  Bayou  Teche  district  ot 
Louisiana,  and  several  letters  commendatory  of  his  ser- 
vice there  are  on  file  in  the  War  Department,  from  Mr. 
Packard  and  others. 

He  was  on  leave  at  his  home  in  Johnstown,  Pennsyl- 
vania, at  the  time  of  the  great  flood  in  1889,  and  was 
placed  on  duty  there  for  several  months  by  order  of  the 
Secretary  of  War. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


161 


CAPTAIN  FRANK  DILLON   GARRETTY,  U.S.A. 

Captain  Frank  Dillon  Garrettv  (Seventeenth  In- 
fantry) was  born  in  Ireland  February  4,  1 829.  He 
entered  the  military  service  as  second  lieutenant  of  Com- 
pany G,  Fifteenth  Kentucky  Infantry,  December  14, 
1 861.  He  served  with  the  Army  of  the  West  during 
the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  and  was  with  his  regiment 
in  the  spring  of  1862,  at  the  capture  of  Howling  Green, 
Kentucky;  Nashville,  Murfreesborough,  Shelbyville,  and 
Fayetteville,  Tennessee ;  and  Huntsville,  Alabama.  He 
marched  with  his  regiment,  August  31,  1862,  to  Perry  - 
ville,  Kentucky,  and  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Perryville, 
October  8,  1862,  where  he  was  wounded.  He  was 
honorably  discharged  June  2j,  1863,  for  physical  disa- 
bility. 

He  received  his  commission  as  first  lieutenant  of  the 
Veteran  Reserve  Corps  October  2,  1863,  and  was  guard- 
ing prisoncrs-of-war  at  Indianapolis,  and  Camp  Doug- 
las, at  Chicago,  during  the  years  1864-65.  He  was  on 
duty  in  the  State  of  Louisiana  from  January,  1866,  to 
April,  1869,  as  agent  and  acting  commissioner  of  the 
Freedmen's  Bureau.  While  on  this  duty,  he  was  com- 
missioned as  second  lieutenant  of  the  Forty-third  In- 
fantry July  28,  1866,  and  first  lieutenant  January  11, 
1868.  He  was  ordered  on  duty  in  the  State  of  Iowa,  as 
agent  of  the  Sac  and  Fox  Indians,  1869-70.  On  the 
15th  of  December,  1870,  Lieutenant  Garretty  was  trans- 
ferred to  the   Seventeenth   Infantry,  and   was   on    dutv 


with  his  regiment  in  Dakota,  from  1871  to  1886,  partici- 
pating with  his  company  on  the  Stanley  expedition  in 
1872,  and  also  on  the  Custer  campaign  of  1876. 

Lieutenant  Garretty  was  promoted  captain  June  26, 
1882,  and  moved  with  his  regiment  from  Dakota  to  Fort 
D.  A.  Russell,  Wyoming,  in  1886.  He  was  on  recruit- 
ing duty  at  Chicago,  Illinois,  and  St.  Paul,  Minnesota, 
from  1886  to  1888,  and  with  his  company  and  regiment 
during  1889-90,  when  he  was  again  placed  on  recruiting 
duty  in  October,  1890. 


1 62 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


COLONEL  AND  BREVET  MAJOR-GENERAL   GEORGE 
W.  GETTY,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Colonel  and  Bkevet  Major-Genekal  George  W. 
Getty  was  born  in  Georgetown,  D.  C,  in  1819,  and 
was  graduated  at  the  Military  Academy  in  the  Class 
oi  1840.  Receiving  his  appointment  as  second  lieu- 
tenant (if  the  Fourth  U.  S.  Artillery,  he  was  assigned 
to  duty  in  the  State  of  Michigan,  and  was  engaged 
during  the  fall  and  winter  of  1840-41  in  removing  the 
Pottawatomie  tribe  of  Indians  from  that  State  to  their 
reservation  west  of  the  Mississippi  River,  and  on  the 
Northern  frontier  during  the  Canada-border  disturbances, 
1841-42;  served  in  the  war  with  Mexico,  1847-48,  and 
was  in  the  battles  of  Contreras,  Churubusco,  and  Molino 
del  Rev;  the  storming  of  Chapultepec  and  assault  and 
capture  of  City  of  Mexico,  and  received  the  brevet  of 
captain  for  "  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  in  the  battles 
of  Contreras  and  Churubusco;"  was  afterwards  engaged 
in  the  Florida  hostilities  against  the  Seminole  Indians, 
1849-50  and  1856-57;  on  frontier  duty,  1857-60,  in 
quelling  disturbances  in  that  State.  Served  during  the 
Rebellion,  being  engaged  with  Confederate  batteries  on 
the  Potomac  River  near  Budd's  Ferry,  Maryland;  Vir- 
ginia Peninsula  campaign;  engaged  in  the  siege  of 
Yorktown,  battles  of  Gaines'  Mill  and  Malvern  Hill;  in 
the  Maryland  campaign,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  being 
engaged  in  the  battles  of  South  Mountain  and  Antietam, 
and  the  march  to  Falmouth,  Virginia:  served  in  the 
Rappahannock  campaign,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  being 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  Virginia;  in 
the  operations  about  Suffolk,  Virginia,  on  the  line  of  the 
Nansemond  River;  in  command  of  the  Third  Division 
of  the  Ninth  Army  Corps  during  the  defence  of  Suffolk, 
April  1  I,  May  3,  1863  ;  in  command  of  storming  column 
in  the  assault  of  Hill's   Point  Works  and  Battery,  April 


19,  1863  ;  in  the  Richmond  campaign,  being  engaged  in 
the  battle  of  the  Wilderness,  where  he  was  severely 
wounded  while  in  command  of  the  division;  in  the  siege 
of  Petersburg,  and  expedition  to  Reams'  Station  and 
Weldon  Railroad,  1864;  in  the  defence  of  Washington 
City,  July  11-12,  1864,  and  in  the  pursuit  of  the  army 
under  General  Early  to  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  July  13 
to  \ugust  9,  1864;  in  the  Shenandoah  campaign,  being 
engaged  in  the  action  of  Charlestown,  battles  of  Opequan, 
Fisher's  Hill,  and  Cedar  Creek-;  served  in  the  siege  of 
Petersburg,  being  engaged  in  the  assaults  of  March  25 
and  April  2,  1865,  upon  the  enemy's  works;  in  the 
pursuit  of  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  being  en- 
gaged in  the  battle  of  Sailor's  Creek,  April  6,  1865,  and 
was  at  the  capitulation  of  General  R.  E.  Lee,  with  that 
army.  General  Getty  was  appointed  lieutenant-colonel 
and  aide-de-camp  in  September,  1861  ;  brigadier-gen- 
eral of  volunteers  September  25,  1862,  in  which  latter 
grade  he  served  until  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  ser- 
vice October  9,  1866.  He  passed  through  the  various 
grades  in  the  regular  service  from  lieutenant  to  major, 
and  was  made  colonel  of  the  Thirty-seventh  U.  S.  In- 
fantry July  28,  1866,  and  afterwards  transferred  to  the 
Third  Infantry,  subsequently  to  the  Third  Artillery,  and 
finally  to  the  Fourth  Artillery,  from  which  he  was  retired 
for  age  October  2,  1883.  General  Getty  was,  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  services,  made  brevet  lieutenant-colonel 
during  the  siege  of  Suffolk;  colonel,  for  battle  of  the 
Wilderness  ;  brigadier-general,  for  capture  of  Petersburg  ; 
major-general,  for  services  during  the  war  ;  major-general 
of  volunteers,  for  Winchester  and  Fisher's  Hill,  Virginia. 
The  petition  of  General  Getty  to  Congress  to  be  retired 
on  the  grade  of  major-general  received  the  following 
complimentary  indorsement : 

"  Head-quarters  of  the  Army,  Washington,  D.  C, 
January  26,  1883. —  .  .  .  George  Getty  as  a  boy  and  man, 
through  a  long,  eventful  life,  has  been  a  model  gentleman 
and  soldier,  of  unexceptional  habits,  of  superior  intelli- 
gence, and  high  professional  acquirements.  lie  has  al- 
ways been  selected  in  war  and  peace  for  high  and 
responsible  commands.  Modest  to  a  fault,  he  has  never 
pushed  himself  forward  into  undue  prominence,  but  has 
done  well  all  that  he  was  appointed  to  do,  and  has  always 
been  sought  for  by  his  services  for  posts  requiring  high 
qualification  and  professional  excellence.  ...  I  most  re- 
spectfully represent  that  the  principle  of  common  justice 
seems  to  demand  that  General  Getty  should,  during  his 
lew  remaining  years,  have,  for  the  support  of  himself  and 
of  his  dependent  family,  the  retired  pay  of  a  major-gen- 
eral. Even  this  will  fall  far  short  of  compensation  for  the 
labor  and  responsibility  imposed  on  him  by  superior  au- 
thority in  exacting  from  him  the  work  of  a  major-general 
on  the  pay  of  a  colonel. 

(Signed)  "W.  T.  Sherman,  General." 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


163 


REAR-ADMIRAL  BANCROFT  GHERARDI,   U.S.N. 

Rear-Admiral  Bancroft  Gherardi  is  now  the 
senior  officer  on  the  active  list  of  the  U.  S.  Navy,  and  is 
credited  in  the  official  register  with  nearly  twenty-five 
years  of  sea-service,  while  his  "  shore  duty"  has  comprised 
almost  every  variety  of  employment  which  can  fall  to  the 
lot  of  a  naval  officer.  He  is  the  nephew  of  the  eminent 
historian,  George  Bancroft,  who  was  the  Secretary  of  the 
Navy  to  whom  the  U.  S.  Naval  Academy  is  indebted  for 
its  existence  more  than  to  any  other  one  person  ;  and  who 
was  for  so  many  years,  our  excellent  Minister  at  the  Court 
of  Berlin. 

Admiral  Gherardi  was  born  in  Louisiana  November 
IO,  1832,  but  was  appointed  from  Massachusetts  in  June, 
1 846.  He  made  a  cruise  of  nearly  f<  mr  years  in  the  line- 
of-battle  ship  "  Ohio"  during  the  Mexican  War,  and  after- 
wards. He  then  served  in  the  "  Saranac,"  of  the  Home 
Squadron,  and,  after  a  course  at  the  U.  S.  Naval  Academy, 
became  passed  midshipman  in  1852  ;  after  a  cruise  in  the 
Mediterranean,  he  was  promoted  master  in  1 S 5 5  ;  and 
lieutenant  in  the  same  year.  He  next  served  in  the 
"  Saratoga,"  Home  Squadron;  the  Boston  rendezvous; 
and  the  steam-sloop  "  Lancaster,"  in  the  Pacific.  He 
was  commissioned  lieutenant-commander  July,  1862; 
and  attached  to  the  South  Atlantic  Blockading  Squad- 
ron. In  an  engagement  with  Fort  Macon,  1862  ;  steam- 
sloop  "  Mohican  ;"  on  special  service  in  1S63.  He  was 
then  ordered  to  the  West  Gulf  Blockading  Squadron,  in 
which  he  commanded  the  "  Chocura"  and  the  "  Port 
Royal ;"  he  took  part  in  the  battle  of  Mobile  Bay,  August 
5,  1864,  in  the  latter  vessel.  He  next  commanded  the 
"  Pequot,"  in  the  North  Atlantic  Squadron,  until  the  close 
of  the  war. 

He  was  commissioned  as  commander  July  25,  1866, 
and  was  stationed  at  Philadelphia  at  the  naval  ren- 
dezvous and  the  navy-yard  until    1870.     He  then  took 


command  of  the  "Jamestown,"  in  the  Pacific,  and  of  the 
receiving-ship  "  Independence"  at  Mare  Island,  after  leav- 
ing the  "Jamestown." 

He  was  commissioned  as  captain  in  November,  1874, 
and  commanded  the  flag-ship  "  Pensacola,"  of  the  North 
Pacific  Station,  for  two  years.  From  1877  to  1880  he 
was  in  command  of  the  receiving-ship  "  Colorado." 
After  this  he  was  for  three  years  in  command  of  the 
"  Lancaster,"  flag-ship  of  the  European  Squadron.  When 
the  "  Lancaster"  came  home  he  obtained  a  year's  leave 
to  travel  in  Europe,  and  during  that  time  he  received 
his  promotion  as  commodore.  In  1884-85  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Examining  Board,  and  in  1885-86  was 
governor  of  the  Naval  Asylum  at  Philadelphia.  His 
promotion  as  rear-admiral  dates  from  August,  1887, 
when  he  was  ordered  to  the  command  of  the  navy-yard 
at  New  York.  In  1889  he  was  ordered  to  the  command 
of  the  North  Atlantic  Station,  which  he  retains  at  this 
writing. 


164 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   XAVY  (regular) 


BRIGADIER-  AND    BREVET    MAJOR-GENERAL   JOHN 
GIBBON,   U.S.A.   (retired). 

Brigadier-  and  Brevet  Major-General  John  Gib- 
bon was  born  in  Pennsylvania  April  20,  1827,  and  grad- 
uated from  the  Military  Academy  July  1,  [847.  He- 
was  promoted  brevet  second  lieutenant,  Third  Artillery, 
the  same  day,  and  second  lieutenant,  Fourth  Artillery, 
September  13,  1847.  He  served  in  the  war  with  Mexico, 
at  the  City  of  Mexico  and  Toluca,  in  1 847, and  in  garrison 
at  Fort  Monroe  in  1848.  Hewas  then  ordered  to  Florida, 
and  participated  in  the  hostilities  against  the  Seminole 
Indians  until  1S50,  when  hewas  promoted  first  lieutenant 
and  ordered  to  Texas,  serving  at  Fort  Brown  and  Ring- 
gold Barracks  until  1S52.  After  availing  himself  of  a 
leave  of  absence,  hewas  employed  in  removing  the  Semi- 
nole Indians  from  Florida  to  the  west  of  the  Mississippi 
from  May  to  August,  1S54,  upon  the  conclusion  of  which 
he  was  detailed  at  the  Military  Academy  as  assistant 
instructor  ol  artillery,  as  quartermaster,  and  as  a  member 
of  a  board  to  test  breech-loading  rifles  to  1857. 

He  was  promoted  captain  November  2,  1859,  and  was 
on  sick-leave  of  absence  in  1859-60.  In  1860-61  lie  was 
on  frontier  dutyin  Utah,  and  marched  from  Fort  Critten- 
den, Utah,  to  fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  at  the  breaking 
out  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion. 

Captain  Gibbon  served  as  chief  of  artillery  of  General 
McDowell's  division  in  the  fall  and  winter  of  1861-62, 
and  was  appointed  a  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  May 
2,  1862,  and  assigned  to  the  command  of  a  brigade  in 
the  Department  of  the  Rappahannock.  He  took  part  in 
all  the  campaigns  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  was 


engaged  in  the  action  of  Gainesville,  battles  of  second 
Bull  Run,  South  Mountain,  Antietam,  Fredericksburg 
(wounded),  Marye  Heights,  and  Gettysburg,  where  he 
was  severely  wounded  while  commanding  the  Second 
Army  Corps. 

He  was  then  on  leave  of  absence,  on  account  of  wounds, 
to  November  15,  1S63,  when  he  was  placed  in  command 
of  the  draft  depot  at  Cleveland,  Ohio,  for  a  short  time, 
but  subsequently  transferred  to  Philadelphia,  where  he 
remained  until  March  21,  1864. 

Upon  rejoining  for  duty  in  the  field.  General  Gibbon 
was  assigned  to  the  command  of  a  division  in  the  Second 
Army  Corps,  and  participated  in  the  Richmond  campaign 
of  1864,  being  engaged  in  the  battles  of  the  Wilderness, 
Spottsylvania,  North  Anna,  Tolopotomy,  Cold  Harbor,  and 
the  siege  of  Petersburg.  He  was  appointed  major-general 
of  volunteers  June  7,  1864,  and  was  assigned  to  the  com- 
mand of  the  Twenty-fourth  Army  Corps  (Army  of  the 
James  1,  and  while  in  command  of  that  corps  participated 
in  the  campaign  of  1865,  and  was  engaged  in  the  assaults 
on  the  enemy's  works  April  1  and  2,  and  the  pursuit  of 
the  enemy,  terminating  in  the  surrender  of  Lee's  army  at 
Appomattox  Court-House  April  9,  1865,  he  being  one 
of  the  commissioners  to  can'}-  into  effect  the  stipulations 
for  the  surrender. 

He  was  brevetted  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services 
as  follows:  Major,  September  17,  1862,  for  Antietam; 
lieutenant-colonel,  December  13,  1S62,  for  Fredericks- 
burg; colonel,  July  4,  1863,  for  Gettysburg;  brigadier- 
general,  March  13,  [865, for  Spottsylvania;  major-general, 
same  date,  for  capture  of  Petersburg. 

After  being  on  various  duties  until  January  15,  [866, 
General  Gibbon  was  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  ser- 
\  ice,  and  was  a  member  of  the  board  to  make  recom- 
mendations for  brevet  promotions.  He  was  appointed 
colonel  of  the  Thirty-sixth  Infantry  July  28,  1866,  and 
served  with  his  regiment  on  the  frontiers  at  various  posts 
in  the  West  and  Northwest.  He  was,  in  the  consoli- 
dation of  regiments,  transferred  to  the  Seventh  Infantry 
March  15,  1869,3111!  participated  with  his  regiment  in 
the  expedition  against  hostile  Sioux  Indians  in  1S76,  and 
was  also  engaged  with  the  Nez  Perces  Indians  in  1877. 
Wounded  at  battle  of  Big  Hole,  Montana  Territory, 
August  9,  1877. 

General  Gibbon  was  appointed  brigadier-general  U.  S. 
Arm)-  Jul)'  10,  1885,  and  was  assigned  to  the  command 
of  the  Department  of  the  Columbia,  but  in  18S9  was 
placed  in  command  of  the  Military  Division  of  the  Pacific, 
which  command  he  retained  until  retired,  by  operation 
of  law,  April  20,  1 89 1. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


165 


MEDICAL  DIRECTOR  ALBERT  LEARY  GIHON,  U.S.N. 

Medical  Director  Albert  Leary  Gihon  was  born 
in  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  September  28,  1833;  re- 
ceived degrees  of  A. B.  1850,  M.D.  1852,  and  A.M.  1854; 
was  Professor  of  Chemistry  and  Toxicology  in  the  Phila- 
delphia College  of  Medicine  and  Surgery,  1853-54. 

Entered  navy  as  assistant  surgeon  May  i,  1855  ;  first 
duty  on  board  receiving-ship  "  Union,"  navy-yard,  Phila- 
delphia ;  attached  to  sloop-of-war  "  Levant,"  East  India 
Station,  1855-58  ;  was  in  the  sloop-of-war  "  Portsmouth's" 
gig,  November  15,  1856,  when  fired  upon  by  the  Chinese 
while  attempting  to  pass  the  Barrier  Forts  on  the  Pearl 
River,  near  Canton,  and  participated  as  one  of  the  landing 
party,  in  the  subsequent  engagements,  which  resulted 
in  the  capture  of  these  forts,  November  16,  20,  21,  and 
22,  1856;  attached  to  brig  "Dolphin,"  1858-59,  dining 
Paraguay  Expedition  ;  and  to  sloop-of-war  "  Preble," 
1859,  on  the  coast  of  Central  America  and  Panama. 

Became  passed  assistant  surgeon  May  1,  i860;  Naval 
Hospital,  Brooklyn,  New  York,  1860-61  ;  brig  "  Perry," 
1 86 1,  on  the  blockade  of  Fernandina,  Florida,  and 
cruising  off  the  Atlantic  coast  of  the  Southern  States, 
capturing  the  rebel  privateer  "Savannah,"  the  first  Con- 
federate letter-of-marque,  May  1,  1861. 

Promoted  to  surgeon,  August  1,  1861  ;  naval  rendez- 
vous, New  York  ;  sloop-of-war  "  St.  Louis,"  1862-65,  on 
special  service  upon  European  Station  and  cruising 
among  the  Atlantic  Islands  after  Confederate  steamers 
"  Alabama,"  "  Florida,"  ami  "  Georgia";  and  in  latter  part 
of  1S64  on  blockade  of  coast  of  South  Carolina;  senior 
medical  officer,  navy-yard,  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire, 
1865-68; 

He  was  attached  to  United  States  ship  "  Idaho,"  1868- 
70,  anchored  at  Nagasaki,  Japan,  as  hospital-ship  for  the 
Asiatic  Station,  and  was  on  board  during  the  memorable 
typhoon  of  September  21,  1869,  when  ship  was  wrecked 
by  passing  through  centre  of  a  cyclone,  with  barometer 
at  27.62  in. ;  for  services  rendered  Portuguese  colony  at 
Dilly,  Island  of  Timor,  and  the  Portuguese  men-of-war 
"  Principe  Dom  Carlos"  and  "  Sa  da  Bandeira,"  received 
from  the  King  of  Portugal,  with  the  consent  of  Congress, 
the  decoration  of  Knight  of  the  Military  Order  of  Christ ; 
for  services  to  H.  B.  M.  ships  "  Flint"  and  "  Dawn,"  the 
thanks  of  the  British  government ;  and  for  similar  services 
to  the  French  gun-boat  "  Scorpion"  those  of  the  Com- 
mander-in-Chief of  the  French  East  India  Station  ;  special 
duty  at  New  York,  1870;  subsequently  marine  rendez- 
vous, Phila. ;  and  later  member  of  Naval  Medical  Board 
of  Examiners  at   Phila.,    1870-72,  and   at  Washington, 

I872-73- 

Promoted  to  medical  inspector  November  7,  1872; 
special  duty  at  Bureau  of  Medicine  and  Surgery,  Navy 
Department,  1873,  and  same  year  ordered  to  flag-ship 
"  Wabash"    as    surgeon-of-the-fleet    on    the    European 


Station  ;  at  Key  West,  Florida,  with  naval  expedition  of 
[874,  and  returned  to  European  Station  as  surgcon-of- 
the-fleet,  on  board  the  flag-ship  "Franklin,"  1874-75; 
head  of  medical  department  at  Naval  Academy,  Annap- 
olis, Maryland,  1875-80;  at  request  of  chief  of  Bureau 
of  Medicine  and  Surgery  designed  and  superintended 
construction  of  model  of  hospital-ship  for  Centennial 
Exhibition  at  Philadelphia,  1867,  and  at  same  Exhibition 
presented  "Ambulance  Cot,"  bearing  his  name,  which 
was  approved  by  Board  of  Officers,  Jul}'  5,  1877,  and 
adopted  for  use  in  the  navy;  appointed  Inspector  of  Re- 
cruits and  Recruiting  Stations,  November  20,  187S. 

Commissioned  medical  director  August  20,  1879;  in 
charge  of  Naval  Hospital,  Norfolk,  Va.,  1880;  member 
of  Board  of  Inspection  of  the  Navy,  1880-83  ;  in  charge 
of  the  Naval  Hospital,  Washington,  D.  C,  1883-86;  of 
Naval  Hospital,  Mare  Island,  California,  1886-88;  and 
of  Naval  Hospital,  Brooklyn,  New  York,  1888-92. 

Has  represented  the  Medical  Department  of  the  Navy 
since  1876  to  the  present  time  in  the  prominent  national 
medical,  sanitary,  and  climatological  associations  and  in- 
ternational medical  congresses,  and  been  honored  by 
election  to  their  highest  offices  ;  is  member  of  various 
American  and  foreign  historical  and  scientific  societies, 
fellow  and  ex-president  of  the  American  Academy  of 
Medicine,  and  member  of  the  military  order  of  the  Loyal 
Legion  of  the  United  States. 

He  is  the  author  of  numerous  papers  and  addresses 
on  Naval  Hygiene,  Public  Health,  Sanitary  Reform, 
State  Medicine,  Higher  Medical  Education,  Vital  Statis- 
tics, Medical  Demography,  and  Climatology;  contri- 
butor to  literary  magazines  and  other  periodicals,  and  of 
articles  on  medical  and  surgical  subjects  to  professional 
journals  and  other  publications;  and  since  1887  one  of 
the  editors  of  the  "Annual  of  the  Universal  Medical 
Sciences." 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   XAVY  IREGUlab) 


CAPTAIN  ERASMUS  C.  GILBREATH,  U.S.A. 

Captain  Erasmus  C.  Gilbreath  (Eleventh  Infantry) 
was  born  in  Guernsey  County,  Ohio,  May  13,  1840,  and 
entered  the  volunteer  service  as  first  lieutenant  of  tin 
Twentieth  Indiana  Infantry  July  22,  1861.  Hewas  pro- 
moted captain  December  7,  1862,  and  major  of  the  same 
regiment  July  27,  1863.  He  served  in  the  First  Brigade, 
First  Division  of  the  Third  Army  Corps,  from  June  8, 
1862,  to  the  breaking  up  of  the  Third  Corps  in  March, 
1  Si  14,  participating  in  the  campaigns  of  that  corps  with 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  engaged  in  the  action  at 
Chickamicomico,  near  Fort  Hatteras,  the  "  Merrimac" 
fight  with  the  "  Congress"  and  "  Cumberland,"  action  at 
1  >ak  Grove,  Virginia,  Seven  Days'  Battles,  skirmish  at 
Rappahannock  Station,  battles  of  second  Bull  Run, 
Chantilly,  Fredericksburg  (where  he  was  wounded), 
Chancellorsville  (slightly  wounded),  Gettysburg,  Kelly's 
Ford,  Mine  Run  (especially  Locust  Grove),  the  Wil- 
derness, Spottsylvania,  Cold  Harbor,  siege  of  Peters- 
burg,— including  all  the  movements  and  operations  of 
the  Third  Division  Second  Army  Corps,  from  March  to 
1  ii  tober,  1864. 

Honorably  mustered  out  of  the  Twentieth  Indiana  In- 
fantry <  >ctober  19,  1864,  and  was  appointed  captain  and 
assistant  quartermaster  of  volunteers  January  23,  1865, 
from  which  position  he  was  mustered  out  July  28,  180;, 
and  appointed  lieutenant-colonel  in  Hancock's  Corps,  on 
the  approval  of  Major-General  Hancock,  February  14, 
1865.  He  1  ommanded  the  Twentieth  Indiana  during  the 
battle  of  Gettysburg,  from  the  time  of  the  death  of  Colonel 
Wheeler,  at  the  beginning  of  the  action,  to  the  1  lose  of 
the  fighting  on  the  2d  ;  Lieutenant-Colonel  Taylor  having 
been  wounded,  acted  as  major  from  the  4th  of  fuly,  1863, 
when  commissioned,  though  not  formally  mustered  into 
service  as  major  until  July   2;,  [863.     He  commanded 


the  Seventeenth  Maine  Infantry,  by  order  of  Major-Gen- 
eral D.  B.  Birney,  from  June  17  to  about  June  30,  1864, 
and  was  in  command  of  that  regiment  in  the  charge 
on  the  Confederate  lines  in  front  of  Petersburg,  June  17, 
1864,  and  again  in  the  charge  at  the  Hare  House,  June 
18,  1864. 

Captain  Gilbreath  entered  the  regular  service  as  first 
lieutenant  of  the  P'ifteenth  Infantry  February  23,  1866, 
was  transferred  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Infantry  September 
j  1,  [866,  ami  again  transferred  to  the  Eleventh  Infantry 
April  25,  1869. 

He  was  assigned  to  various  complicated  duties  in 
connection  with  the  reconstruction  of  the  States  of  Mis- 
sissippi and  Texas  ;  in  Mississippi,  sub-commissioner 
of  Freedmen's  Bureau  in  charge  of  that  district,  having 
charge  of  the  counties  now  called  Copiah,  Simpson, 
Lincoln,  Lawrence,  Amite,  Pike,  and  Marion, —  eighteen 
thousand  freedmen  living  in  the  district.  He  had  charge 
of  the  registration  and  election  in  the  counties  named  in 
October,  1867  (see  testimony  of  Brevet  Major-General 
A.  C.  Gillem,  U.S.A.,  before  the  Committee  on  the  Con- 
duct of  the  War,  given  in  1 868  in  relation  thereto).  In 
Texas  he  had  charge  of  the  reconstruction  and  reor- 
ganization of  Montgomery  County  from  September, 
1 868,  to  May,  1869,  promoted  captain  of  Company  11, 
Eleventh  Inf.  December  23,  1873.  He  was  in  command  of 
Company  II,  Eleventh  Infantry,  in  the  campaign  against 
hostile  Comanche  Indians,  from  November  8,  1874,  to 
January  20,  1875,  when  he  was  compelled  to  go  on  sick 
report  on  account  of  wound  received  at  Fredericksburg, 
Virginia,  December  [3,  1862,  and  on  sick-leave  of  absence 
from  same  cause  from  May  17,  1875,  to  March  27,  1876. 
Hewas  in  command  of  c<  impanyin  the  movement  October 
22,  1870,  at  Standing  Rock,  Dakota  Territory,  the  result 
of  which  movement  was  the  disarming  of  the  Blackfeet 
and  Yankton  Indians  at  that  Agency.  He  selected  the 
site  for  and  established  the  depot  at  Terry's  Landing, 
Montana  Territory,  at  the  head  of  navigation  on  the 
Yellowstone  River.  He  took  the  field  with  his  company 
against  hostile  Bannock  Indians  from  August  31  to  Sep- 
tember 13,  1  878,  and  was  then  in  charge  of  the  construc- 
tion of  the  military  telegraph  line  from  Fort  Custer, 
Montana  Territory,  to  the  Yellowstone  River — 48  miles 
— from  December  3  to  16,  1S78.  He  was  appointed  in- 
spector ol  Indian  Supplies  at  the  Crow  Agency,  Montana 
Territory,  from  September  5,  1 879,  to  July  2S,  1880. 
While  inspector  of  Indian  Supplies  at  the  Crow  Agency, 
Montana  Territory,  he  assisted  the  agent  for  the  three 
thousand  three  hundred  Crow  Indians  in  negotiating  a 
treaty  by  which  they  gave  up  and  sold  two  million  acres 
of  land  at  the  west  end  of  their  reservation,  and  he  signed 
this  treaty  in  his  official  capacity. 

Captain  Gilbreath  i-  a  member  of  the  G.  A.  R.,  Loyal 
Legion,  and  the  Second  and  Third  Corps  societies. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


167 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL    AND   BREVET   BRIGADIER- 
GENERAL   GEORGE  W.  GILE,   U.S.A.  (retired). 

Lieutenant- Colonel  and  Brevet   Brigadier-Gen- 

eral  George  W.  Gile  was  born  in  Bethlehem,  N.  H., 
January  2?,  1830.  His  record  of  service  was  furnished 
by  Adjutant-General  R.  C.  Drum  to  a  committee  of 
Congress  in  1884,  and  is  given  herewith  : 

"He  entered  the  service  April  23,  1861,  as  first  lieu- 
tenant Twenty-second  Penn.  Inf.,  and  served  to  August  7, 
1 86 1 ,  upon  which  date  he  was  honorably  mustered  out, 
his  term  of  service  having  expired. 

"He  re-entered  the  service  Sept.  16,  1861,  as  major 
Eighty-eighth  Penn.  Inf.,  and  was  promoted  lieutenant- 
colonel  Sept.  I,  1862,  and  colonel  Jan.  24,   [863. 

"  He  served  with  his  regiment  in  the  defences  of  Wash- 
ington, the  Arm}'  of  Virginia,  and  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  from  Oct.  I,  1 86 1,  to  Sept.  17,  1862,  upon  whii  li 
date  he  was  wounded  in  the  battle  of  Antietam,  while  in 
command  of  his  regiment;  was  absent  by  reason  of 
wound  until  honorably  discharged  on  account  of  dis- 
ability, March  2,  1S63.  Was  appointed  major  in  the 
Veteran  Reserve  Corps  May  22,  1863,  and  colonel  Sept. 
29,  1863. 

"  He  served  as  a  member  of  a  Board  of  Examiners 
for  the  Veteran  Reserve  Corps  to  some  time  in  Novem- 
ber, 1863  ;  commanded  a  brigade  engaged  in  the  defences 
of  Washington  July  10  to  13,  1864,  and  for  energy  and 
good  conduct  in  assisting  to  repel  the  attack  on  Fort 
Slocum,  D.  C,  he  was  brevetted  brigadier-general ;  com- 
manded the  garrison  of  Washington  to  September,  1865  ; 
on  duty  in  the  Bureau  of  Refugees,  Freedmen,  and  Aban- 
doned Lands  in  S.  C.  to  Jan,  4,  1S67;  upon  which  date 
he  was  honorably  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  ser- 
vice. 

"  He  was  appointed  first  lieutenant  Forty-fifth  U.  S.  Inf. 
to  date  from  July  28,  1866,  and  promoted  captain  Feb. 
4,  1868. 

"  He  received  the  brevets  of  captain  'for  gallant  and 
meritorious  services  in  the  second  battle  of  Bull  Run;' 
major  '  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle 
of  South  Mountain,  Maryland  ;'  and  lieutenant-colonel 
'  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of 
Antietam. 

"  He  served  in  the  Bureau  of  Refugees,  Freedmen, 
and  Abandoned  Lands  in  S.  C.  from  Jan.  5,  1867,  to  Oct. 
10,  1868;  and  in  Florida  with  brevet  rank  to  July  15, 
1870;  on  duty  at  head-quarters  Bureau  of  Refugees, 
Freedmen,  and  Abandoned  Lands,  Washington,  until  he 
was  retired  from  active  service,  with  the  full  rank  of 
colonel,  Dec.  15,1 870,  for  disability  resulting  from  wounds 
received  in  line  of  duty,  under  section  32  of  the  act  of 
Congress  approved  July  20,  1S66,  which  authorized  re- 
tirement in  such  cases  with  the  full  rank  of  the  command 


held  by  the  officer  when  the  disabling  wounds  were  re- 
ceived ;  retired  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel,  the 
actual  rank  in  the  volunteer  service  held  by  him  when 
wounded,  March  3,  1875,  under  the  provisions  of  an 
act  of  Congress  approved  that  date." 

Incidental  to  his  field  service  he  participated  with  his 
regiment  in  the  battles  of  Cedar  Mountain,  three  days  at 
Rappahannock  Station,  Thoroughfare  Gap,  Bull  Run, 
second  Chantilly,  South  Mountain,  and  Antietam.  Was 
in  command  from  and  during  the  battle  of  Bull  Run  to 
Antietam. 

At  the  second  battle  of  Bull  Run,  Major  Gile  com- 
manded the  Eighty-eighth  Penn.  Vol.  This  regiment 
was  one  of  the  four  comprising  Tower's  brigade,  and  of 
the  conduct  of  that  brigade,  General  Pope,  in  his  official 
report,  speaks  as  follows  : 

"  Tower's  brigade,  of  Ricketts's  division,  was  pushed 
forward  into  action  into  support  of  Reynolds's  division, 
led  forward  in  person  by  General  Tower  with  conspicu- 
ous skill  and  gallantry. 

"  The  conduct  of  that  brigade  in  plain  view  of  all  the 
forces  on  our  left  was  especially  distinguished,  and  drew 
forth  heart)-  and  enthusiastic  cheers.  The  example 
of  that  brigade  was  of  great  service  and  infused  new 
spirit  into  all  the  troops  who  witnessed  their  intrepid 
conduct." 

He  was  stationed  in  the  city  of  Washington  from 
November,  1863,  to  close  of  war;  during  this  time  he 
commanded  a  regiment,  brigade,  and  the  garrison  of 
Washington,  which  consisted  of  two  brigades  of  infantry, 
a  battery  of  artillery,  and  a  detachment  of  cavalry. 

He  commanded  President  Lincoln's  second  inaugural 
and  funeral  escort.  Was  general  officer  of  the  day  on 
the  occasion  of  the  final  review  of  the  armies  at  the  close 
of  the  war. 


[68 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


COLONEL   AND   BREVET    MAJOR-GENERAL    QJJINCY 
A.  GILLMORE,  U.S.A.  (deceased). 

Colonel  and  Brevet  Major-General  Quincy  A. 
Gillmore  was  burn  in  Ohio  and  graduated  from  the 
U.  S.  Military  Academy  July  i,  [849.  He  was  pro- 
moted brevet  second  lieutenant  Corps  of  Engineers 
the  same  day;  second  lieutenant  September  5,  1853; 
in  t  lieutenant  July  1,  1S56,  and  captain  August  6,  1861. 
lie  served  on  engineer  duty  in  constructing  Forts  Mon- 
roe and  Calhoun  in  1849-52  ;  was  at  West  Point  attached 
to  company  of  sappers,  miners,  and  pontoniers,  from 
185  2  to  1856;  was  instructor  of  practical  military  engi- 
neering at  West  Point  to  September  15;  treasurer  to 
September  \  1 ,  and  quartermaster  to  September  15,  1856. 
He  was  then  employed  as  assistant  engineer  in  the  con- 
struction <>l  Fort  Monroe,  in  charge  of  the  engineer 
agency  al  New  York  for  supplying  ami  shipping  ma- 
terials for  fortifications  to  1861. 

He  served  during  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  as  chief  en- 
gineer of  the  Port  Royal  Expeditionary  Corps,  1 86 1-62, 
being  present  at  the  descent  upon  Hilton  Head,  South 
Carolina,  November  6,  1861,  and  engaged  in  the  con- 
struction of  fortifications  on  that  island  to  [anuary,  1862; 
then  as  chief  engineer  of  the  siege  of  Fort  Pulaski,  and 
in  command  during  its  bombardment  and  capture,  April 
IO-II,  1862,  being  one  of  the  commissioners  to  arrange 
the  terms  of  capitulation. 

He  was  appointed  brigadier-general  of  volunteers 
April  28,  1862,  and  was  on  sick-leave  of  ab  enc<  from 
May  to  July  of  that  year.  He  assisted  the  Governor  of 
New  York  in  forwarding  State  troops  until  September 
[2,  1862,  when  he  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  a 
division  operating  from  Covington,  Kentucky;  of  I  >is- 
trict  of  Wist  Virginia;  of  First  Division,  Army  of  Ken- 
tucky; of  District  of  Central  Kentucky,  and  of  the  United 
States  forces  at  the  battle  of  Somerset,  Kentucky,  from 


September   18,    1862,  to  March   30,  1863.     He  was  ap- 
pointed major-general  of  volunteers  July  10,  1863. 

After  a  short  leave  of  absence,  he  was  placed  in  com- 
mand of  the  Department  of  the  South  and  of  the  Tenth 
Army  Corps,  from  June  12,  [863,  to  June  17,  1864,  being 
engaged  in  command  of  the  operations  against  Charles- 
ton, South  Carolina,  comprising  the  descent  upon 
Morris  Island;  bombardment  and  reduction  of  Fort 
Sumter;  and  siege  and  capitulation  of  Fort  Wagner. 
He  was  then  in  command  of  the  Tenth  Army  Corps  in 
the  operations  on  James  River,  near  Bermuda  Hundred, 
and  engaged  in  actions  of  Swift  Creek,  near  Chester 
Station  ;  assault  and  capture  of  the  right  of  the  enemy's 
intrenchments  in  front  of  Dairy's  Bluff;  battle  of  Drury's 
Bluff;  defence  of  Bermuda  Hundred;  reconnoissance  of 
the  enemy's  lines  before  Petersburg,  and  in  command 
of  two  divisions  of  the  Nineteenth  Corps  in  defence  of 
Washington,  D.  C,  July  1 1,  1864,  and  in  pursuit  of  the 
rebels  under  General  Early  until  July  14,  1864,  when  he 
was  severely  injured  by  the  fall  of  his  horse,  and  was 
granted  sick-leave  of  absence  to  August  21,  1864. 

In  October  and  November,  1S64,  General  Gillmore  was 
president  of  a  board  for  testing  Ames's  wrought-iron 
cannon  ;  and  then  on  a  tour  of  inspection  of  fortifications 
from  Cairo,  Illinois,  to  Pensacola,  Florida,  to  January 
30,  1865,  at  which  time  he  was  assigned  to  the  command 
of  the  Department  of  the  South,  retaining  that  until  the 
following  November.  He  was  brevetted  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  services,  lieutenant-colonel  April  11,  1862,  in 
the  capture  of  Fort  Pulaski,  Georgia;  colonel  March  30, 
1863,  at  the  battle  of  Somerset,  Kentucky;  brigadier- 
general  March  13,  1865,  in  the  capture  of  Fort  Wagner, 
South  Carolina  ;  and  major-general  in  the  assault  on 
Morris  Island,  South  Carolina,  and  the  bombardment  and 
demolition  of  Fort  Sumter.  He  resigned  his  volunteer 
commission  December  5,  1865.  He  was  promoted  major 
of  engineers  June  i,  1863  ;  lieutenant-colonel  January  13, 
1874  ;  and  colonel  February  20,  1883  ;  and  was  employed 
after  the  war  closed  as  assistant  to  the  chief  engineer  of 
the  Third  Division,  Engineer  Bureau  at  Washington  City, 
D.  C,  to  November  8,  1 866  ;  as  member  of  a  special  board 
to  conduct  experiments  in  connection  with  the  use  of 
iron  in  the  construction  of  permanent  fortifications,  and 
member  of  other  boards;  and  was  superintending  en- 
gineer of  the  fortifications  on  Staten  Island,  New  York, 
and  engaged  on  other  important  engineer  duty  until  he 
died  at  Brooklyn,  New  York,  April  7,  1888.  General 
Gillmore  had  the  degree  of  Master  of  Arts  conferred  by 
Oberlin  College,  Ohii  >,  1  836,  I  [e  was  the  author  of  a  work 
on  the  "Siege  and  Reduction  of  Fort  Pulaski,  Georgia,  in 
1862;"  of  a  "Practical  Treatise  on  Limes,  Hydraulic 
Cements,  and  Mortars,"  1863;  and  of  "Engineer  and 
Artillery  Operations  against  the  Defences  of  Charleston 
in  1863." 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


169 


REAR-ADMIRAL  LEWIS  M.  GOLDSBOROUGH,  U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Rear-Admiral  Lewis  M.  Goldsborough  was  born 
in  the  city  of  Washington,  in  February,  1805.  As  was 
sometimes  done  in  those  days,  lie  was  appointed  a 
midshipman  when  a  mere  child, — J  Line  18,  18 12.  Of 
course,  he  went  to  school  for  some  time  after,  but, 
by  January,  1S25,  he  attained  the  rank  of  lieutenant. 
He  was  attached  to  the  schooner  "  Porpoise,"  of  the 
Mediterranean  Squadron,  1827-29.  In  1827,  while  first 
lieutenant  of  the  "  Porpoise,"  took  command  of  four 
boats,  with  thirty-five  men  and  officers,  and  retook  an 
English  brig,  the  "  Comet,"  which  was  in  possession  of 
two  hundred  Greek  pirates.  It  was  a  desperate  affair, 
but  successful.  There  were  three  killed  of  the  pirates 
to  one  killed  of  the  boarding-part}-.  The  ward-room 
steward  of  the  "  Porpoise,"  a  mulatto  of  herculean 
strength,  a  volunteer,  killed  eleven  of  the  pirates  with 
his  own  hand.  Lieutenant  John  A.  Carr,  U.S.N.,  long 
since  dead,  killed  the  chief  of  the  pirates,  as  well  as 
several  of  his  band.  At  that  time  no  merchant  vessel, 
unprotected  by  convoy,  could  go  up  the  Greek  Archi- 
pelago; and  the  pirates  once  succeeded  in  capturing 
an  Austrian  man-of-war  brig.  The  action  of  Golds- 
borough  and  his  little  party  had  a  most  salutary  effect, 
and  they  received  thanks  from  several  of  the  Mediter- 
ranean powers.  After  this  Lieutenant  Goldsborough 
made  a  full  cruise  in  the  frigate  "  United  States"  in  the 
Pacific.  He  was  commissioned  commander  in  Sep- 
tember, 1841;  executive-officer  of  the  "Ohio,"  74,  at 
the  siege  of  Vera  Cruz;  commanded  three  hundred 
officers  and  men  of  the  "  Ohio"  at  the  capture  of  Tuxpan  ; 
commanded  the  "  Levant,"  in  the  Mediterranean,  1852-53. 
He  was  superintendent  of  the  Naval  Academy  at  Annap- 
olis— having  been  commissioned  captain  in  1855 — from 
1854  to  1857.  He  commanded  the  flag-ship  "  Congress," 
of  the  Brazil  Squadron,  [859-61.  During  the  joint  ex- 
pedition to  the  North  Carolina  waters,  in  1862,  Flag- 
Officer  Goldsborough  commanded  the  naval  force, — 
being  present  for  duty  far  in  advance  of  the  army.  He- 
had  seventeen  light-draught  vessels,  which  fought  the 
battle  of  Roanoke  Island,  against  the  forts,  the  troops, 
and  the  flotilla,  with  defences,  stationed  there.  On  Feb- 
ruary 5,  1862,  three  columns,  under  the  immediate  com- 
mand of  Commodore  Rowan, — afterwards  vice-admiral, — 
formed  for  action.     On  the  morning  of  the  7th  the  enemy's 


vessels,  eight  in  number,  were  found  behind  an  extensive 
row  of  piles  and  sunken  vessels,  extending  clear  across 
the  Sound.  The  engagement  began  at  10.30  a.m.,  and  at 
4  P.M.  the  batteries  on  the  island  were  silenced  enough  to 
permit  the  landing  of  troops.  By  midnight  over  ten 
thousand  troops  had  disembarked.  On  the  following 
morning  the  army  did  the  fighting,  and  in  the  afternoon 
the  navy  opened  a  passage  through  the  obstructions,  suc- 
cessfully accomplished  by  dark.  On  the  10th  the  remains 
of  the  rebel  fleet  were  captured  in  the  Pasquotank  River 
by  Commodore  Rowan.  On  March  14,  1862,  the  town  of 
New  Berne,  North  Carolina,  was  occupied  by  a  detach- 
ment of  Flag-Officer  Goldsborough's  squadron.  ( )n 
May  10,  1862,  Goldsborough  engaged  and  silenced  the 
batteries  at  Sewell's  Point,  opposite  Fortress  Monroe, 
and  passed  up  to  Norfolk,  which  had  been  evacuated  by 
the  rebels.  He  was  commissioned  as  rear-admiral  in 
July,  1862.  At  the  close  of  the  war  he  was  ordered  to 
command  the  European  Station.  He  returned  home  in 
1868,  and  from  that  time  to  the  date  of  his  death,  in 
February,  1877,  was  on  special  duty  at  Washington. 

Rear-Admiral  Goldsborough  was  a  man  far  beyond 
the  usual  size,  and  of  a  striking  appearance  in  every  way. 
He  was  a  student  all  his  life,  and,  in  addition  to  his  pro- 
ficiency in  professional  matters,  he  was  a  fairly-good 
lawyer  and  an  accomplished  linguist.  He  wrote  very 
well,  and  some  of  his  letters  were  quite  models  of  com- 
position. He  married  a  daughter  of  the  celebrated  William 
Wirt,  and  had  two  children,  a  son  and  a  daughter,  both 
of  whom  he  survived. 


22 


I/O 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


MAJOR  GRHEN  CLAY  GOODLOE.  U.S.M.C. 

Major  Green  Clay  Goodloe,  paymaster  of  the 
United  States  Marine  Corps,  was  born  at  Castle  Union, 
Madison  County,  Kentucky,  January  31,  1S45,  on  the 
plantation  of  his  grandfather,  Colonel  J.  Speed  Smith,  son 
of  General  1).  S.  Goodloe  and  Sally  Clay  Smith.  Edu- 
-  ated  in  the  classics  and  law  at  Transylvania  University, 
Lexington,  Kentucky.  Belongs  to  a  family  which  has 
maintained  a  leading  place  in  Kentucky  for  generations, 
by  the  distinction  achieved  by  its  members  in  civil  and 
military  positions.  His  ancestors  were  officers  in  the 
patriotic  army  of  the  Revolution.  His  great-grand- 
father, Green  Clay,  served  in  the  wars  of  the  Revolution 
and  181 2.  A  noted  achievement  was  marching  a  force  to 
the  relief  of  General  W.  H.  Harrison,  besieged  by  a  supe- 
rior force  of  British  and  Indians,  at  Fort  Meigs,  on  the 
Maumee.  General  Harrison  placed  him  in  command  of 
three  thousand  men.  His  grandfather,  Colonel  John 
Speed  Smith,  was  aid  to  General  W.  II.  Harrison  in 
the  war  of  1 812  ;  Speaker  of  Kentucky  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives, and  member  of  Congress.  An  uncle  is  the 
veteran  General  Cassius  M.  Clay,  captain  in  the  Mexican 
War;  wounded  and  taken  prisoner;  pioneer  in  abolishing 
slavery;  a  major-general  in  the  army  of  the  United 
States;  minister  to  Russia.  Another  uncle  is  Major- 
General  Green  Clay  Smith,  United  States  Volunteers, 
shot  in  the  knee  in  cavalry  charge  at  1  .ebanon,  Tennessee  ; 
veteran  of  Mexican  War;  lieutenant;  member  of  Con- 
gress ;  governor.  When  the  war  became  imminent,  his 
family  threw  their  powerful  influence  on  the  side  of  the 
Union,  and  no  one  thing  did  more  to  hold  the  State, 
which  wavered,  true  to  her  allegiance.  Major  Goodloe, 
then  a  boy  of  sixteen,  actuated  by  the  soldiery  traditions 
of  lus  family,  was  then  a  member  of  the  Lexington 
Chasseurs,  which  was  loyal  to  the  flag.      Major  Goodloe 


was  a  marker  in  the  company,  and  carried  the  United 
States  flag  the  last  time  it  appeared  in  a  parade  of  the 
Old  Kentucky  State  Guard.  He  was  ordered  by  Colonel 
R.  W.  Hanson,  the  colonel  in  command,  to  take  it  to  the 
armon-,  and  this  precipitated  the  dissension  which  drew 
a  sharp  line  between  the  Union  and  secession  portion 
of  the  Guard,  and  broke  it  up.  Major  Goodloe,  with  the 
rest  of  his  family,  became  active  on  the  side  of  the  Union, 
and  he,  with  one  other  and  a  brother,  were  the  first  to 
arrive,  armed  with  muskets,  at  depot,  in  Lexington,  when 
it  seemed  inevitable  that  a  fight  must  be  made  to  secure 
for  the  troops  the  arms  which  had  been  sent  them  by  the 
government.  He  joined  the  Fourth  Kentucky  Cavalry 
Regiment,  which  he  reached  at  Wartrace,  Tennessee,  as  it 
stood  in  line  of  battle  to  receive  the  attack  of  the  enemy. 
He  was  in  ten  cavalry  battles  and  skirmishes  during  his 
service.  For  his  gallant  conduct  at  the  battle  of  Lebanon, 
Tennessee,  General  Dumont  recommended  his  promotion, 
while  still  on  the  held,  to  first  lieutenant.  When  pro- 
moted he  was  assigned  to  Company  I,  Twenty-third 
Kentucky  Infantry,  and  detailed  as  aide-de-camp  on  the 
staff  of  General  Green  Clay  Smith,  lie  served  in  this 
capacity  on  brigade  and  division  staffs  during  the  cam- 
paign through  Kentucky  and  Tennessee,  participating 
in  many  engagements.  At  the  cavalry  battle  of  Little 
Harpeth,  Forrest's  men  completely  surrounded  and  cut 
him  off,  but  he  broke  through  them.  Johnson's  report 
says,  "  Lieutenant  Clay  Goodloe,  of  General  Smith's 
staff,  in  returning  from  delivering  an  order,  found  himself 
surrounded  by  rebels,  and  had  to  run  the  gauntlet. 
After  emptying  his  holster  pistols,  he  laid  flat  on  his 
horse,  relying  upon  his  spurs  and  his  '  Lexington.'  They 
brought  him  safely  home,  but  he  has  a  bullet-hole 
through  his  pants  to  remind  him  of  the  amiable  inten- 
tions of  his  Southern  brethren  respecting  himself."  In 
the  thorough  rout  of  Morgan's  cavalry  command,  on 
May  4,  1862,  at  Lebanon,  Tennessee,  Surgeon  Adams 
reported,  "  Clay  Goodloe  kept  in  line  with  Colonel 
Smith,  and  was  grazed  on  the  third  joint[of  the  second 
finger  by  a  bullet.  He  attempted  to  hold  poor  Pierce- 
field  on  his  horse  after  he  received  his  fatal  shot.  He 
is  a  gallant  and  noble  boy,  yet  beardless,  but  has  the 
courage  of  .1  veteran."  Every  official  report  contained 
flattering  mention  of  him. 

In  September,  1863,  appointed  cadet  at  West  Point, 
but  resigned  in  1865  ;  commissioned  second  lieutenant, 
United  States  Marine  Corps  April  21,  1869;  promoted 
tirst  lieutenant  January  12,  1S76;  and  made  paymaster 
March  17,  1877.  Married  April  17,  1877,  Miss  Bettie 
Reck,  daughter  of  United  States  Senator  James  Burnie 
Beck  and  Jane  Washington  Thornton.  Mrs.  Goodloe, 
his  wife,  is  a  i;reat-great-great-riiece  of  General  George- 
Washington,  being  related  on  both  sides  of  her  mother 
to  the  Father  of  our  Country. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


171 


LIEUTENANT-COMMANDER  H.  H.  GORRINGE.  U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Lieutenant  -  Commander    H.    H.   Gorringe   was   a 

native  of  the  West  Indies,  but  was  appointed  a  master's 
mate  in  the  U.  S.  naval  service  from  the  State  of  New 
York  on  October  1,  1862.  He  was  sent  out  to  the  Mis- 
sissippi at  once,  and  remained  there  during  the  whole  of 
the  Civil  War.  Owing  to  his  courage,  seamanship,  and 
devotion  to  duty  he  obtained  remarkable  advancement. 
Three  of  his  promotions  were  for  gallantry  in  battle. 
He  was  made  acting  ensign  in  1863,  promoted  to  acting 
master  in  1864,  and  to  acting  volunteer  lieutenant  in 
1865. 

Lieutenant-Commander  Gorringe  took  part  in  nearly 
all  the  important  battles  of  the  Mississippi  Squadron. 
He  was  promoted  to  be  acting  volunteer  lieutenant- 
commander  Jul)-  10,  1865. 

In  [867  he  commanded  the  steamer  "  Memphis,"  of 
the  Atlantic  Squadron,  and  on  December  18,  1S68,  he 
was  commissioned  lieutenant-commander  in  the  regular 
navy.  He  was  attached  to  the  navy-yard  at  New  York 
during  1868,  and  then  made  a  three  years'  cruise  in  the 
sloop-of-war  "Portsmouth,"  of  the  South  Atlantic  Squad- 
ron, 1869-71.  From  1872  to  1876  he  was  attached  to 
the  hydrographic  office  at  Washington,  and  then  com- 
manded the  "  Gettysburg"  (fourth  rate),  on  special  service 
in  the  Mediterranean,  from  1S76  to  1879. 

In  1880  he  was  upon  leave  of  absence,  and  was  employed 
in  conveying  the  Egyptian  obelisk,  now  in  Central  Park-, 
in  New  York,  from  Alexandria,  Egypt,  to  its  destination. 


A  steamer,  called  the  "  Dessoug,"  was  purchased  for  this 
purpose,  and  the  ingenious  and  seaman-like  manner  in 
which  he  placed  the  huge  monolith  securely  in  her  hold, 
and  the  safety  with  which  he  transported  it,  secured 
general  admiration  and  approval. 

After  this  he  was  engaged  in  a  ship-building  operation 
in  Philadelphia,  having  been  granted  leave  of  absence  for 
that  purpose.     He  died  in  1883. 

Lieutenant-Commander  Gorringe  suffered  much  from 
a  wound  of  the  leg,  received  during  the  war,  which  never 
closed.  This,  with  malarial  troubles  due  to  his  long  and 
continuous  service  in  the  Mississippi,  no  doubt  hastened 
his  death. 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  {regular) 


ASSISTANT  SECRETARY  OE  WAR  LEWIS  A.  GRANT. 

Assistant  Secretary  of  War  Lewis  A.  Grant  was 
mustered  into  the  service  of  the  United  States  September 
16,  1861,  at  St.  Albans,  Vermont,  as  major  with  the  field 
and  staff,  Fifth  Vermont  Infantry  Volunteers,  to  serve  for 
three  years  ;  was  mustered  in  as  lieutenant-colonel,  same 
regiment,  to  date  September  25,  [861  ;  as  colonel,  same 
regiment,  to  elate  September  16,  1862.  The  regiment 
was  assigned  to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  partici- 
pated in  the  advance  of  that  army  in  the  spring  of  1862. 
During  his  service  with  the  Fifth  Vermont  Infantry  Vol- 
unteers, that  regiment  took  part  in  the  following  battles: 
Yorktown,  Virginia,  April  4  and  May  4,  1862;  Williams- 
burg, Virginia,  May  5,  [862;  Golding's  Farm,  Virginia, 
June  28,  [862  ;  Savage  Station,  Virginia,  June  29,  [862  ; 
White  Oak  Swamp,  Virginia,  June  30,  1862  ;  Crampton's 
Gap,  Maryland,  September  14,  1862;  Antietam,  Mary- 
land, September  17,  1862,  and  Fredericksburg,  Virginia, 
December  13-14,   1862. 

He  was  honorably  discharged  as  colonel  to  date  May 
20,  1864,  to  enable  him  to  accept  an  appointment  as 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers,  lie  was  appointed  brig- 
adier-general U.  S.  Volunteers  April  27,  [864;  accepted 
appi  lintment  May  2 1 ,  1864. 

He  commanded  the  Second  Brigade,  Second  Division, 
Sixth  Army  Corps,  from   February  21,  1863,  to  Decern 
ber  29,   1863;   from   February  2,  1S64,  to  September  29, 
1S64,  and   from   October  8,  1864,  to   December  2,  1864; 


the  Second  Division,  Sixth  Corps,  from  December  2, 
[864,  to  February  11,  1 865  ,  the  Second  Brigade,  same 
division,  from  February  11,  1865,  to  February  20,  1865, 
and  from  March  7,  1865,  to  June  28,  1865. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  battles  in  which  he  par- 
ticipated as  a  brigade  or  division  commander :  Freder- 
icksburg and  Salem  Heights,  Virginia,  May  3  to  5,  1863  ; 
Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania,  July  2  and  3,  1863;  Fairfield, 
Pennsylvania,  July  5,  1863;  Rappahannock  Station,  Vir- 
ginia, November  8,  1863;  Mine  Run,  Virginia,  Novem- 
ber 27,  1863;  Wilderness,  Virginia,  May  5  to  7,  1864; 
Spottsylvania  Court-House,  Virginia,  May  8  to  21,  1S64; 
Cold  Harbor,  Virginia,  June  I  to  12,  1S64;  siege  of 
Petersburg,  Virginia,  June  18  to  July  10,  1864;  Charles- 
town,  Virginia,  August  21,  1864;  Gilbert's  Crossing, 
Virginia,  September  13,  1864;  siege  of  Petersburg.  Vir- 
ginia, December,  1864,  to  April,  1865  ;  assault  on  Peters- 
burg, Virginia,  April  2.  1865  ;  Sailor's  Creek,  April  6, 1S65. 

At  the  close  of  the  war  General  Grant  was  hon- 
ored with  the  commission  of  brevet  major-general  U.  S. 
Volunteers,  to  date  from  October  19,  1864,  "for  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  in  the  present  campaign  before 
Richmond,  Virginia,  and  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley;" 
ami  was  honorably  discharged  the  service  .August  24, 
1805,  Under  the  provisions  of  the  act  of  Congress  ap- 
proved June  3,  1884,  and  the  acts  amendatory  thereof,  he 
is  considered  as  commissioned  to  the  grade  of  major 
Fifth  Vermont  Volunteers,  to  take  effect  from  September 
7,  1 861,  to  fill  an  original  vacancy. 

He  was  recommended  August  22,  1866,  by  General 
U.  S.  Grant,  commanding  the  army  of  the  United  States, 
for  appointment  as  a  field-officer  in  the  regular  army  ; 
was  appointed  August  29,  1866,  lieutenant-colonel  Thirty- 
sixth  Regiment  U.  S.  Infantry,  to  date  from  July  28,  1866, 
and  declined  the  appointment  November  6,  1S66. 

General  Grant's  field  services  were  with  or  in  command 
of  the  celebrated  Vermont  brigade  whose  fighting  quali- 
ties were  so  well  known  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
and  whose  soldierly  dependence  was  of  such  character 
that  it  was  transferred,  with  the  regular  division  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  in  August,  1863,  to  New  York- 
City,  to  assist  in  quelling  the  riots  occasioned  there  by 
the  draft  for  men.  As  soon  as  this  duty  was  completed, 
the  troops  were,  in  the  fall  of  the  same  year,  retransferred 
to  the  field  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

General  Grant  was  appointed  Assistant  Secretary  of 
War  in  I  S90,  which  office  he  now  holds. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


173 


GENERAL  ULYSSES  S.  GRANT,  U.S.A.  (deceased). 

General  Ulysses  S.  Grant  was  born  at  Point  Pleas- 
ant, Clermont  County,  Ohio,  April  27, 1 822,  and  graduated 
at  the  Military  Academy  July  I,  1843.  He  was  promoted 
brevet  second  lieutenant  of  the  Fourth  Infantry  the  same 
day,  and  second  lieutenant  Fourth  Infantry  September  30, 
1845.  He  served  first  at  Jefferson  Barracks,  and  then 
on  frontier  duty  at  Natchitoches  (Camp  Salubrity)  in 
1844-45,  and  then  took  part  in  the  military  occupation 
of  Texas  and  the  war  with  Mexico,  being  engaged  in  the 
battles  of  Palo  Alto,  Resaca  de  la  Palma,  Monterey,  siege 
of  Vera  Cruz,  battle  of  Cerro  Gordo,  capture  of  San 
Antonio,  battle  of  Churubusco,  battle  of  Molino  del  Rey, 
storming  of  Chapultepec,  and  assault  and  capture  of  the 
City  of  Mexico.  He  was  regimental  quartermaster  of 
the  Fourth  Infantry  from  April  1,  1847,  to  Jul)-  23, 
1848,  and  again  from  September  n,  1849,  to  September 
30,  1853. 

He  moved  with  his  regiment  to  the  Pacific  coast  in 
1852,  and  was  at  several  different  stations.  He  was  pro- 
moted captain   August   5,    1853,  but   resigned   Jul)'  31, 

1854 

Upon  leaving  the  army  Captain  Grant  retired  to  private 
life,  and  engaged  in  farming  near  St.  Louis,  Missouri. 
Then  he  became  a  real  estate  agent  at  St.  Louis  until 
i860,  and  subsequently  a  merchant  at  Galena,  Ohio, 
where  he  resided  at  the  breaking  out  of  the  war  of  the 
Rebellion. 

Entering  the  volunteer  service  he  was  in  command 
of  a  company  in  April  and  May,  and  assisting  in  organ- 
izing and  mustering  volunteers  into  service  until  June 
17,  1 861,  when  he  was  appointed  colonel  of  the  Twenty- 
first  Illinois  Infantry.  His  first  active  service  was  to 
march  on  Quincy,  Illinois,  and  then  guarding  the  Han- 
nibal and  St.  Joe  Railroad.  He  was  placed  in  com- 
mand, first  at  Ironton,  then  at  Jefferson  City,  and  finally 
of  the  District  of  Southwestern  Missouri,  with  head- 
quarters at  Cape  Girardeau.  This  command  was  subse- 
quently extended  to  embrace  Southern  Illinois  and 
Western  Kentucky.  He  had,  in  the  mean  time,  been 
appointed  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  May  17, 
1 861. 

General  Grant  commenced  his  operations  by  first 
seizing  Paducah,  Kentucky ;  then  Belmont,  and  then 
invested  and  captured  Fort  Donelson,  with  fourteen 
thousand  six  hundred  and  twenty-three  prisoners,  and 
much  material  of  war.  This  being  the  first  real  Union 
success  of  the  war  placed  General  Grant  before  the  people 
of  the  country  at  large  as  a  rising  soldier  ;  but  many  old 
officers  who  had  known  him  in  the  regular  service 
doubted  his  ability,  and  attributed  his  success  on  this 
occasion  to  "  luck."  He  was,  however,  duly  recognized, 
and  the  appointment  of  major-general  of  volunteers  was 
conferred  upon  him,  to  date  from  February  16,  1862. 


It  would  be  impossible,  in  this  limited  sketch,  to 
enumerate  the  campaigns,  battles,  and  actions  in  which 
this  illustrious  general  participated.  He  followed  up  his 
movements  to  Shiloh,  then  was  placed  in  command  of 
the  District  of  West  Tennessee,  and  was  in  immediate 
command  of  the  right  wing  of  General  Halleck's  army, 
and  directed  the  operations  about  Corinth,  the  Hatchie, 
and  Iuka.  He  was  in  command  of  the  Army  of  the 
Mississippi,  in  the  Vicksburg  campaign,  in  all  its  various 
manoeuvres,  until  he  again  electrified  the  country  by 
the  capture  of  the  city  of  Vicksburg,  July  4,  1863,  with 
stores  and  garrison  of  thirty-one  thousand  five  hundred 
men.  For  this  brilliant  affair  he  was  made  major-general 
of  the  U.  S.  Army. 

General  Grant  was,  on  the  1 6th  of  October,  1863, 
placed  in  command  of  the  Military  Division  of  the 
Mississippi,  including  the  Armies  of  the  Ohio,  Cum- 
berland, and  Tennessee,  and  continued  his  operations 
up  to  the  battle  of  Chattanooga,  for  which  he  received 
the  thanks  of  Congress  December  17,  1863,  and  a  gold 
medal. 

On  March  17,  1864,  he  was  placed  in  command  as 
general-in-chief  of  the  armies  of  the  United  States,  and 
was  called  to  the  East  to  supervise  the  operations  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  commenced  in  the  May  fol- 
lowing that  celebrated  campaign  on  the  line  which  ter- 
minated on  the  9th  of  April,  1865,  in  the  surrender  of 
the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  under  General  Robert  E. 
Lee. 

He  was  by  act  of  Congress  made  general  of  the  U.  S. 
Army  July  25,  1866;  but  resigned  this  commission  on 
March  4,  1869,  having  been  elected  President  of  the 
United  States,  and  on  that  day  was  inaugurated  as  such. 
After  holding  this  office  for  eight  years,  General  Grant 
retired  to  private  life,  and  died  at  Mt.  McGregor,  near 
Saratoga,  N.Y.,  July  23,  1885. 


174 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL   ADOLPHUS  W.   GREELY, 

U.S.A. 

Brigadier-General  Adolphus  W.  Greei.v  (Chief 
Signal-officer)  was  born  in  Massachusetts.  He  entered 
the  volunteer  service  in  the  early  part  of  the  war  of  the 
Rebellion,  as  private  of  Company  B,  Nineteenth  Massa- 
chusetts Infantry,  July  26,  1861.  lie  was  afterwards 
promoted  corporal  and  first  sergeant  of  the  same  corn- 
pan)-,  and  served  to  March  18,  1863,  in  the  field  with  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  participating  in  the  Peninsula 
campaign,  and  was  engaged  at  the  siege  of  Yorktown, 
action  of  West  Point,  battles  of  Fair  Oaks,  Peach  Or- 
chard, Savage  Station,  White  <  fak  Swamp,  where  he  was 
wounded,  and  the  battle  "I  Malvern  Hill,  Virginia,  in 
1862.  He  participated  in  the  Maryland  campaign,  and 
was  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Antietam,  where  he  was 
again  wounded.  Pie  also  participated  in  the  Rappahan- 
nock campaign,  and  was  engaged  at  the  battle  of  Fred- 
ericksburg, Virginia,  in  1862. 

On  the  [8th  of  March,  [863,  he  was  appointed  second 
lieutenant  of  the  Eighty-first  United  States  Colored 
Infantry,  promoted  first  lieutenant  April  26,  1864,  and 
captain  April  4,  1S65.  With  this  regiment  Lieutenant 
finely  served  in  the  field  with  the  Army  of  the  South- 
west, and  was  engaged   in   the  siege'  of  Port    Hudson, 


Louisiana.  At  the  close  of  the  war  he  was  ordered  on 
recruiting  duty,  and  was  honorably  mustered  out  of  the 
volunteer  service  March  22,  1S67,  having  been  appointed 
second  lieutenant  of  the  Thirty-sixth  United  States  In- 
fantry March  7,  1867.  On  the  consolidation  of  regi- 
ments, in  1  869,  Lieutenant  Greely  was  unassigned,  but  on 
the  14th  of  July,  of  that  year,  he  was  assigned  to  the 
Fifth  Cavalry.  He  was  brevetted  major  of  volunteers 
for  faithful  and  meritorious  services  during  the  war. 

After  joining  the  Fifth  Cavalry  he  was  on  frontier  duty 
in  the  West  to  1 869 ;  on  staff  duty  at  Omaha  to  1871  ; 
was  assigned  to  duty  in  the  office  of  the  chief  signal- 
officer  of  the  army,  where  he  served  until  lune,  1881, 
and  was  employed  as  a  station  inspector,  as  superintend- 
ent of  the  construction  of  military  telegraph  lines  in 
Texas,  and  as  a  general  assistant  in  the  Washington 
office. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  May  27,  1875,  and 
captain  June  1 1,  1886. 

He  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  Arctic  expe- 
dition of  1880,  but  the  order  was  subsequently  revoked, 
because  of  an  unfavorable  report  made  by  a  board  of 
naval  officers  upon  the  vessel  which  had  been  selected 
for  the  service.  The  Lady  Franklin  Bay  expedition  was 
then  organized  during  the  spring  and  summer  of  1881, 
and  in  July  he  sailed  from  St.  John's,  Newfoundland, 
in  command,  with  the  intention  of  remaining  absent  for 
two  years.  The  object  of  the  expedition  was  to  establish 
a  supply  and  meteorological  station  at  Lady  Franklin 
Bay  and  make  explorations  northward  from  that  place. 
Lieutenant  Greely  was  for  six  years  a  student  of  Arctic 
explorations,  and  his  experiences  of  twelve  years  in  the 
signal  service  in  the  army,  particularly  in  compiling  ob- 
servations and  forecasting  the  daily  weather  reports, 
were  such  as  to  qualify  him  for  the  scientific  part  of  the 
work  ;  the  results  of  his  researches  have  added  valuable 
information  to  the  subject  of  Arctic  explorations,  although 
his  expedition  met  with  the  misfortune  of  being  ship- 
wrecked, and  the  entire  party  reduced  to  a  state  of  star- 
vation before  the  remnants  of  it  were  discovered  by  a 
naval  expedition  sent  to  their  relief. 

On  the  3d  of  March,  1887,  Captain  Greely  was  ap- 
pointed brigadier-general  and  chief  signal-officer,  and 
since  that  time  has  been  on  duty  at  Washington,  D.  C. 


WHO   SERVED   1 TV  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


'75 


COMMANDER  JAMES  G.  GRF.F.N,  U.S.N. 

Commander  James  G.  Green  was  a  native  of  Massa- 
chusetts, and  entered  the  navy  as  master's  mate  May  18, 
1861.  He  served  in  the  U.S.  S.  "Mississippi"  until 
November  27,  1862, — passing  the  forts  at  New  Or- 
leans. 

He  was  promoted  to  acting  ensign  November  27,  1862, 
and  transferred  to  U.  S.  S.  "  Katahdin,"  and  served  in 
that  vessel  on  the  blockade  off  Galveston  until  December, 
1863. 

He  was  ordered  to  U.  S.  S.  "  Wyalusing"  in  1864,  and 
served  in  the  sounds  of  North  Carolina  and  in  the  fight 
with  the  ram  "  Albemarle." 

Promoted  to  acting  master  August  1  1,  1864,  and  was 
ordered  to  command  the  torpedo  tug  "  Belle,"  serving  on 
that  vessel  in  the  North  Carolina  sounds  until  the  close 
of  the  war,  being  present  at  the  final  capture  of  Plymouth. 
Afterwards  he  was  attached  to  the  "  New  Hampshire," 
"  Don,"  "  Osceola,"  "  Vermont,"  and  "  Constellation."  "Huron,"    and,    later,    transferred    them    to    the    Naval 

Having    been    transferred    to  the    regular    service,  as  '  Cemetery,  Annapolis. 
master,  March  12,  1868,  he   served  on  the  Asiatic  Sta-         He  was  attached  to  the  "  Palos,"  Asiatic  Station,  1878 
tion,  in  the  "Aroostook"  and  "  Ashuelot,"  from  1868  to     to  1S81. 
1 87 1.  At  the  hydrographic  office,  Washington,  D.  C,  from 

On  December  18,  1868,  he  was  promoted  to  lieutenant,  I  1SS1  to  1883. 
and  to  lieutenant-commander  July  3,  1870.  He  was   on   the  "Galena"   from    1883   to    1886;    and 

He  was  attached  to  the  receiving-ship  "Ohio"  from     promoted  to  commander  March  6,  1887. 
1871   to    1S73,  and  to  the  Asiatic  Station   from    1873  to  ,       He  commanded  the  "  Alert"  from    1888  to    1889,  and 
1876.  the  "Adams"  in  1890. 

While  attached  to  the  navy-yard  at   Norfolk   he  was         He  was  light-house  inspector,  Sixth  District,  from  1890 
sent  to  recover  the  dead  washed  ashore  from  the  U.  S.  S.  I  to  1892. 


t;6 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  {regular) 


CAPTAIN  GEORGE  GORDON  GREENOUGH.  U.S.A. 

Captain  George  Gordon  Greenough  (Fourth  Artil- 
lery) comes  of  one  of  the  oldest  Boston  families,  and  is 
descended  from  the  ducal  family  of  the  Scottish  clan 
Gordon.  In  one  line  he  descends  from  the  English  Co- 
lonial Governor  Treat,  of  Connecticut.  His  grand-uncle, 
Major  Samuel  Treat,  was  killed  at  Fort  Mifflin,  in  the 
Revolutionary  War.  From  his  mother  he  is  connected 
with  Judge  Cushing,  of  the  U.  S.  Supreme  Court,  and 
with  General  Lincoln,  of  Revolutionary  fame,  and  of  the 
Burrs,  of  Massachusetts,  of  which  Aaron  Burr  was  a 
member. 

Captain  Greenough  was  born  at  Washington,  D.  C, 
December  8,  [844,  and  at  eleven  years  old  was  placed  at 
a  French  school  in  Paris,  where  he  received  his  early 
education.  In  his  sixteenth  year  he  returned  home  and 
entered  the  West  Point  .Military  Academy  June  1, 
1 861. 

During  his  furlough  year  he  had  a  great  desire  to  see 
real  active  service  with  the  army,  which  was  strength- 
ened by  the  invasion  of  the  Confederates  north  of  the 
Potomac,  and  hastening  to  the  front  he  was  placed  upon 
the  staff  of  Major-General  W.  H.  French,  commanding 
the  Third  Army  Corps,  in  the  extreme  advance,  and  was 
sent  forward  with  Colonel  Julius  Hayden,  inspector- 
general  Third  Army  Corps,  to  the  front  line  of  skir- 
mishing on  a  tour  of  observation  at  Falling  Waters,  Vir- 
ginia, on  the  slope  near  the  river,  where  they  were  under 
a  heavy  artillery  fire  from  the  opposite  bank.  He  re- 
mained with  the  army  on  General  French's  staff  as  long 
as  his  furlough  permitted. 

General  French  in  his  report  of  the  actions  of  Wapping 
Height  and  Manassas  Gap,  July  23,  1863,  says,  "I  would 
also  mention  Cadet  Greenough  acting  aide-de-camp,  who 
conveyed  my  orders  with  precision,  and  exhibited  great 
coolness  under  fire." 


Cadet  Greenough  graduated  from  the  U.  S.  Military 
Academy  June,  1865  ;  was  commissioned  second  lieu- 
tenant on  the  23d  in  the  Twelfth  Infantry,  his  commission 
as  first  lieutenant  is  dated  the  23d  of  June,  1865,  and  he 
was  appointed  acting  regimental  adjutant  of  the  Twelfth 
at  Washington,  1865-66.  In  September,  1866,  he  was 
transferred  to  the  Twenty-first  Infantry  and  was  stationed 
at  Fredericksburg,  Virginia,  in  command  of  Company  G. 
Lieutenant  Greenough  left  the  post  July,  1868,  to  report 
for  duty  as  instructor  at  West  Point. 

On  the  15th  of  December,  1870,  Lieutenant  Greenough 
was  assigned  to  the  Fourth  Artillery,  and  early  in  1873 
he  joined  Battery  G  at  Black  Point,  California,  with  which 
he  served  in  the  field  through  the  Modoc  war.  During 
the  time  the  troops  were  in  the  Black  Lava,  near  the 
Indians,  Lieutenant  Greenough  went  to  his  battalion  com- 
mander, Colonel  Mendenhall,  and  offered  to  take  Battery 
G  into  the  Black  Lava  at  night,  and  attack  the  Indian 
camp  early  in  the  morning;  his  idea  was  that  the  re- 
mainder of  the  troops  should  be  moved  up  in  readiness 
to  attack  from  different  points  as  soon  as  the  firing 
began.  Later  he  volunteered  to  carry  despatches  alone, 
or  with  an  escort  of  two  men,  through  the  Lava  Beds; 
he  was  not  permitted  to  carry  out  either  of  these  projects 
on  account  of  the  extreme  danger. 

At  the  close  of  the  Modoc  war  he  was  detailed  with 
Captain  Hasbrook  to  convey  the  Modoc  prisoners  to 
Camp  McPherson,  Nevada,  in  October,  1873.  Subse- 
quently he  commanded  Battery  K,  Fourth  Artillery,  in 
the  Powder  River  winter  campaign  against  the  Sioux  and 
Cheyenne  Indians  with  General  Crook. 

On  the  5th  of  September,  1875,  he  started  for  the 
field  in  the  campaign  against  the  Shoshones,  his  pla- 
toon with  two  field-pieces,  as  artillery,  the  rest  as  cav- 
alry, and  rendezvoused  in  Eastern  Nevada,  stopped  the 
rising  without  fighting,  and  returned  to  the  Presidio  on 
the  4th  of  October. 

He  was  detailed  Ma)'  7,  1877,  as  professor  of  military 
science  at  the  University  of  California,  at  Berkeley.  In 
1879  he  went  to  Fort  Canby.  Then  he  went  to  Fort 
Monroe,  Virginia,  until  May  1,  1882,  and  then  went  to 
Fort  Adams. 

On  December  1,  [883,  he  was  commissioned  captain 
Fourth  Artillery,  and  stationed  at  Fort  Adams,  Rhode 
Island,  and  Fort  Warren,  Massachusetts,  from  whence 
he  joined  the  head-quarters  of  his  regiment  at  Fort 
McPherson,  Georgia,  May  29,  1889. 

Captain  Greenough  has  made  several  important  inven- 
tions, among  which  may  be  mentioned  a  reloading  ap- 
paratus for  reloading  shells  ;  a  field  gun-carriage,  and  a 
very  complete  range-finder  for  sea-coast  defences,  by 
which  several  vessels  may  be  followed  at  once  without 
confusion  or  delay.  He  has  written  on  several  impor- 
tant professional  questions.- 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


^77 


REAR-ADMIRAL  JAMES  A.  GREER.  U.S.N. 

Rear-Admiral  James  A.  Greek  was  born  in  Ohio 
February  28,  1833,  and  appointed  midshipman  from  that 
State  January  10,  1848.  He  served  in  the  "Saratoga" 
and  "  Saranac"  of  the  I  lome  Squadron  up  to  1 850  ;  sloop- 
of-war  "St.  Mary's,"  Pacific  Squadron,  1850-52;  frigate 
"Columbia,"  Home  Squadron,  1853.  Then  went  to  the 
U.S.  Naval  Academy  for  the  usual  courseof  stud)-.  Passed 
midshipman  June  15, 1854;  served  in  the  razee  "  Indepen- 
dence," in  the  Pacific,  1854-57  ;  promoted  to  master  Sep- 
tember 15,  1855  ;  commissioned  as  lieutenant  September 
16,  1 855.  After  serving  at  the  navy-yard  at  Norfolk  made 
the  Paraguay  Expedition  in  the"  Southern  Star,"  1858-59; 
steamers  "  Sumter"  and  "  San  Jacinto,"  coast  of  Africa, 
1859-61  ;  on  return,  assisted  in  the  removal  of  Mason 
and  Slidell  from  the  English  mail-steamer  "  Trent  ;" 
lieutenant-commander  July  16,  1862;  sloop  "St.  Louis," 
special  service,  1862-63;  Mississippi  Squadron,  1863-65  ; 
commanded  steamers  "  Carondelet"  and  "  Benton,"  and  a 
division  of  Admiral  Porter's  fleet;  was  at  the  passage  of 
Vicksburg  April  16,  1863;  fought  the  batteries  of  Grand 
Gulf  for  five  hours  April  29,  1863, — an  incident  of  this 
action  was  the  killing  and  wounding  of  twenty-two  per- 
sons on  board  the  "  Benton"  by  one  projectile  ;  in  the  Red 
River  Expedition  in  May,  1863;  was  engaged  in  the 
combined  attack-  on  Vicksburg  May  22,  1863,  and  was 
almost  constantly  under  fire  during  the  forty-five  days  of 
the  siege  of  Vicksburg.  Lieutenant  Greer  was  engaged 
in  the  Red  River  Expedition  during  March  and  April, 
1864,  and  frequently  engaged  with  small  bodies  of  Con- 
federate troops  and  guerillas.  In  August  and  Septem- 
ber, 1864,  he  was  sent  to  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  to  inquire  into 
and  correct  abuses  which  existed  at  the  Naval  Recruit- 
ing Station  at  that  place.  He  was  then  in  command  of 
the  naval  station  at  Mound  City,  Illinois,  being  trans- 
ferred thence  to  the'  command  of  the  flag-ship  "  Black 
Hawk."  During  this  time  he  was  charged  by  Admiral 
Lee  with  the  selecting,  purchasing,  and  contracting  for 
the  conversion  into  gun-boats  of  ten  river  steamers  ;  also 
had  charge  of  the  convoying  of  army  transports  from 
Johnsonville  up  the  Tennessee  River. 

During  a  portion  of  1865  and  [866  was  stationed  at 
the  Naval  Academy,  Annapolis,  and  commissioned  as 
commander  in  July  of  the  latter  year.  Commanded 
steamer  "  Mohongo,"  North  Pacific  Squadron,  1866-67. 
Dining  his  command  of  "Mohongo,"  he  remained  four 
months  at  Acapulco,  Mexico,   to  protect  American   in- 


terests, which  were  endangered  by  the  convulsion  upon 
the  fall  of  Maximilian  ;  the  State  Department  commended 
him  for  his  course  there. 

He  commanded  the  "  Tuscarora,"  North  Pacific  Squad- 
ron, 1868;  on  ordnance  duty,  Philadelphia  Navy- Yard, 
1868-69  ;  Naval  Academy,  1869-73.  In  1873  com- 
manded purchased  steamer  "  Tigress"  on  the  "  Polaris" 
Relief  Expedition.  In  one  month  after  sailing  from  New 
York  found  the  wreck  of  "  Polaris"  at  Littleton  Island, 
latitude  780  23',  North  Greenland.  Cruised  in  search  of 
the  people,  who  had  left  in  their  boats,  without  success,  in 
Baffin's  Bay  and  Davis's  Straits,  until  October  8,  when  it 
was  deemed  expedient  to  return. 

He  was  upon  the  Board  of  Inspection  in  1874-75  ;  com- 
manding "  Lackawanna,"  Pacific  Station,  1875-77  ;  com- 
missioned captain  April  26,  1876;  commanding  training 
frigate  "  Constitution,"  1S77.  In  1878  commanded  sloop 
"  Constellation,"  which  took  exhibits  to  France  for  the 
Paris  Exposition  ;  commanded  steamer"  Hartford,"  South 
Atlantic,  in  1879;  Board  of  Inspection,  1880-82;  navy- 
yard,  Washington,  1882-84;  president  of  Naval  Exam- 
ining and  Retiring  Boards,  1885-87;  commissioned  as 
commodore,  May  19,  1886  ;  as  acting  rear-admiral,  com- 
manded the  European  Station,  1887-89;  president  of 
Board  on  Organization,  Tactics,  and  Drills,  1889;  presi- 
dent of  Examining  and  Retiring  Boards,  1S90;  member 
of  the  Board  of  Visitors  of  the  Naval  Academy,  1891  ; 
chairman  of  the  Light-House  Board,  and  now  serving  as 
such;  April  3,  1892,  commissioned  as  rear-admiral. 


23 


i78 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


MAJOR   STEPHEN  W.  GROESBECK,  U.S.A. 

Major  Stephen  W.  Groesbeck  (Sixth  Infantry)  was 
born  in  Albany,  New  York,  November  26,  1S40.  At  the 
breaking  out  of  the  Rebellion  he  was  teaching  school 
in  fowa.  Encouraged  by  his  uncle,  Stephen  Walley,  of 
Williamstown,  Massachusetts,  he  had  prepared  himself 
tn  enter  Williams  College,  but,  like  many  young  men  of 
the  period,  he  chose  reluctantly  to  forego  the  advantages 
of  school  to  enter  the  service.  He  enlisted  as  a  private 
in  the  Fourth  Iowa  Cavalry  on  October  28,  1861  ;  was 
mustered  in  as  company  quartermaster-sergeant,  and  in 
'  h  tober,  1862,  promoted  to  second  lieutenant.  <  In  the  7th 
day  of  the  following  month  he  bore  a  conspicuous  and 
most  honorable  part  in  the  cavalry  engagement  at  Ma- 
rianna,  Arkansas,  and  later  in  the  same  day  received  in  a 
skirmish,  among  other  wounds,  a  gun-shot  wound  in  the 
left  foot,  the  ball  so  lodging  as  to  defeat  the  efforts  of  the 
surgeons  to  locate  and  remove  it.  Being  wholly  dis- 
abled he  resigned  his  commission  April  4,  1863.  In  jus- 
tice to  him  the  War  Department,  in  subsequent  orders, 
corrected  his  record  to  read  "  honorably  mustered  out 
\pril  4,  [863."  A  year  later,  in  April,  [864,  the  ball  was 
sui  1  essfully  removed  at  Albany,  New  York.  While  dis- 
abled, he  took'  a  course  of  instruction  at  a  commercial 
school  ;  but,  with  the  restoration  of  a  fair  use  of  his  foot, 
he  entered  Colonel  Taggart's  military  school  in  Philadel- 
phia,— a  school  designed  to  fit  young  men  for  commis- 
sions in  the  volunteer  forces.  Experience  gained  with 
troops  in  the  field  gave  him  an  advantage  at  this  school, 
and,  stimulated  by  the  offer  of  a  commission  in  the 
Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  he  quickly  accomplished  the 
course  of  instruction,  graduating  ahead  of  students  who 
had  preceded  him  from  six  to  eighteen  months.  lie 
accepted  a  commission  as  second  lieutenant  in  the  Vet- 
eran Reserve  Corps  in  November,  [864. 


In  January,  1 866,  he  was  assigned  to  duty  in  the 
Bureau  of  Refugees,  Frecdmen,  and  Abandoned  Lands, 
at  Nashville.  Here  he  served  a  short  time  as  aide-de- 
camp on  the  staff  of  Brigadier-General  Clinton  B.  Fisk, 
commanding  the  District  of  Tennessee ;  and,  later,  as 
acting  assistant  adjutant-general  to  the  assistant  com- 
missioner of  the  Bureau  of  Refugees,  Freedmen,  and 
Abandoned  Lands  until  March,  1868.  While  stationed 
in  Nashville  he  read  law  with  D.  W.  Peabody,  of  the 
law-firm  of  Bradley  &  Peabody,  with  a  view  to  better 
equip  himself  for  the  important  and  often  very  delicate 
duties  devolving  upon  officers  serving  in  the  South 
during  the  reconstruction  period;  and  of  ultimately 
making  the  law  his  profession.  He  served  as  a  volun- 
teer until  mustered  out  in  January,  1867,  to  accept  a 
commission  in  the  regular  establishment. 

By  consolidation  of  the  I'orty-second  Infantry,  V.R.C., 
with  the  Sixth  Infantry,  he  became  an  officer  of  the  latter 
regiment.  He  was  promoted  to  first  lieutenant  in  1875, 
and  was  soon  after  appointed  adjutant  of  his  regiment, 
and  served  as  such  for  five  years.  During  the  greater 
part  of  the  years  [881—82  he  served  as  acting  judge- 
advocate  of  the  Department  of  the  Missouri,  and  for  a 
short  time  in  [882  as  instructor  of  law  at  the  Fort  Leav- 
enworth School  of  Application.  In  1885  he  was  again 
appointed  adjutant  of  his  regiment,  serving  in  that  ca- 
pacity for  three  years,  when  he  resigned  the  office  to 
accept  that  of  acting  judge-advocate  of  the  Department 
of  Dakota;  he  served  in  this  position  from  November  r, 
1886,  to  April  28,  1891.  He  was  promoted  captain  in 
July,  1889. 

He  is  a  member  of  the  bar.  His  earl)'  reading  in  the 
law  led  to  his  special  availability  as  a  judge-advocate  of 
courts-martial,  and  as  acting  judge-advocate  of  military 
departments,  in  which  fields  he  has  established  an  en- 
viable reputation  for  judicial  fairness,  ami  for  able  and 
accurate  work,  which  led  to  his  appointment  as  major 
and  judge-advocate  U.  S.  Army,  at  the  death  of  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel Curtis,  on  February  12,  1892. 

An  eye-witness  of  the  fight  at  Marianna  expresses  him- 
self as  follows : 

"  Lieutenant  Stephen  W.  Groesbeck  placed  himself 
at  the  head  of  deponent's  company,  and  appealed  to 
them  to  follow  him,  and  did  lead  it  in  a  full  charge  in 
column  upon  the  left  of  the  enemy's  line,  broke  the  line, 
and,  pursuing  the  advantages  so  gained,  had  put  the 
whole  force  of  the  enemy  to  flight  before  the  main 
command  could  come  up  to  participate  in  the  skirmish. 
.  .  .  Considering  the  fact  that  Lieutenant  Groesbeck  was 
compelled  to  assume  command  under  fire,  the  inspiration 
his  manner  gave  to  the  men  of  deponent's  company, 
and  the  vigor  and  success  of  the  charge,  ...  he  deems 
that  this  (then  young)  officer's  conduct  on  that  day  was 
of  unusual  gallantry  and  merit." 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


i/9 


CAPTAIN  FRANK  C.  GRUGAN,  U.S.A. 

Captain  Frank  C.  Grugan  (Second  Artillery)  was 
born  in  Pennsylvania  April  4,  1842,  and  earl}-  in  the  war 
of  the  Rebellion  entered  the  volunteer  service  as  a 
private  in  an  independent  company  of  heavy  artillery, 
June  4,  [861,  and  served  at  Fort  Delaware  to  August  5, 
1 86 1.  He  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  of  the  One 
Hundred  and  Fourteenth  Pennsylvania  Infantry  August 
15,  1862,  and  promoted  first  lieutenant  September  1,  1863, 
serving  in  the  campaigns  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
and  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Fredericksburg,  Chancel- 
lorsville,  action  of  Orange  Grove,  operations  at  Mine- 
Run,  actions  of  Auburn,  Brandy  Station,  Kelly's  Ford, 
battles  of  the  Wilderness,  Spottsylvania,  North  Anna, 
Cold  Harbor,  siege  and  capture  of  Petersburg,  battle  of 
Hatcher's  Run,  and  the  campaign  ending  in  the  surrender 
of  General  R.  E.  Lee  April  9,  1865. 

Lieutenant  Grugcn  was  appointed  first  lieutenant  of 
the  Third  Pennsylvania  Cavalry  December  19,  1864,  and 
was  transferred  to  the  Fifth  Pennsylvania  Cavalry  May  8, 
1865,  from  which  he  was  honorably  mustered  out  Au- 
gust 7,  1865.  He  then  entered  the  regular  service  as  a 
private  of  the  general  service  August  18,  1865,  and 
served  first  at  Richmond,  Virginia,  and  then  was  placed 
on  duty  in  the  War  Department  to  May,  1866,  having 
been  appointed  second  lieutenant  of  the  Second  Cavalry 
April  25,  1866,  and  brevetted  first  lieutenant  for  "  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of  Hatcher's  Run, 
Virginia,"  and  captain  for  "gallant  and  meritorious  ser- 
vices during  the  war." 

Captain  Grugan  joined  the  Second  Cavalry  on  the 
Plains,  and  served  at  Forts  Laramie  and  Casper,  Wyoming, 
and  in  the  field  during  1866-67;  then  at  Camp  Stam- 
baugh,  Wyoming  ;  Fort  Ellis,  Montana;  and  in  the  field 
from  1870  to  1873.  He  was  then  detailed  on  signal  duty, 
under  the  chief  signal-officer  of  the  army,  from  1873  to 
1879,  when  he  was  ordered  to  the  Artillery  School  at 
Fort  Monroe,  Virginia,  he  having  been  transferred  to  the 
Second  Artillery,  April  11,  1879,  as  first  lieutenant,  he 
having  reached  that  rank  in  the  cavalry  November  1 ,  1 867. 


After  remaining  at  Fort  Monroe  until  1882,  he  was 
placed  on  special  duty  with  the  chief  signal-officer  of  the 
army  from  June  to  October  of  the  same  year,  when  he 
was  relieved,  and  served  with  a  light  battery  at  Washing- 
ton City  until  March,  1885.  He  was  promoted  captain 
March  [8,  1885,  and  commanded  Battery  B,  Second 
Artillery,  at  Fort  Barrancas,  Florida,  to  March,  1889. 
At  this  time  he  was  transferred  to  Light  Battery  A,  and 
served  with  it  at  Little  Rock  Barracks,  Arkansas,  and 
Fort  Riley,  Kansas,  to  July,  1S91. 

Upon  being  relieved  from  light  battery  duty  he  was 
ordered  to  Fort  Adams,  Rhode  Island,  in  command  of 
Battery  H,  and  is  at  the  present  time  on  duty  at  that 
station. 

Captain  Grugan  filled  the  position  of  aide  and  acting 
assistant  adjutant-general  of  the  First  Brigade,  First 
Division,  Third  Army  Corps,  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
to  April,  1 864.  He  was  post  adjutant  at  the  head-quarters 
of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  to  December,  1864.  He 
was  adjutant  of  the  Third  Pennsylvania  Cavalry  to  May, 
1865,  and  regimental  quartermaster  of  the  Second  Cavalry 
from  November,  1867,  to  July,  1870. 


i8o 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (regular) 


G  )MMODORK  JOHN  GUEST,  U.S.N,  (deceased). 

Commodore  John  Guest  was  a  native  of  Missouri, 
but  was  appointed  midshipman  from  Arkansas  in  De- 
cember, [837.  For  several  years  he  served  in  the  West 
India  Squadron,  in  the  "Levant,"  "Constellation," 
"  Boston,"  and  "Warren."  Having  completed  his  sea- 
service  .is  midshipman,  lie  was  ordered  to  the  naval 
school,  then  at  the  Naval  Asylum,  at  Philadelphia,  and 
passed  in  June,  1S43.  For  some  time  after  he  served  in 
the  "  Poinsett,"  in  the  survey  of  Tampa  P>ay  ;  and  was 
then  attached  to  the  frigate  "Congress,"  of  the  Pacific 
Squadron,  for  three  years.  This  was  during  the  Mexican 
War,  and  Commodore  Guest  took-  part  in  the  battle  of 
San  Gabriel,  January,  1848,  and  the  battle  at  Mesa, 
California,  January  9,  1848. 

1  le  was  commissioned  as  lieutenant  in  December,  [850, 
when  he  served  in  the  sloop-of-war  "  Plymouth,"  and 
the  steam-frigate  "  Susquehanna,"  and  was  in  the  Japan 
Expedition,  and  at  the  first  landing  in  that  country, 
under  Commodore  Matthew  C.  Perry.  During-  subse- 
quent servici  in  the  East  India  Squadron,  from  1X51  to 
1  855,  he  boarded  the  Chinese  man-of-war,  "  Sir  1 1.  C<  imp- 
ton,"  at  Shanghai,  with  a  cutter  from  the  "Plymouth," 
and   liberated  a  pilot-boat's  crew,  who  were   under  the 


protection  of  our  flag.  In  April,  1S54,  was  second  in 
command  of  the  "  Plymouth,''  Captain  John  Kelley,  in  a 
severe  and  victorious  action  at  Shanghai,  to  prevent 
aggression  upon  foreign  residents. 

Upon  his  return  he  was  on  duty  at  Washington,  and 
then  served  in  the  "  Niagara,"  which  laid  the  first  cable- 
across  the  Atlantic,  1857-58.  During  1859  he  was  on 
rendezvous  duty  in  Philadelphia. 

In  i860  he  was  again  ordered  to  the  frigate  "  Niagara," 
employed  in  taking  home  the  first  Japanese  embassy 
which  visited  our  country. 

When  the  troublous  times  of  1861  came,  Lieutenant 
Guest  for  some  time  commanded  the  "  Niagara,"  of  the 
West  Gulf  Blockading  Squadron.  During  this  period, 
in  command  of  the  boats  of  "  Niagara,"  he  cut  out  the 
schooner  "  Aid,"  which  was  under  the  protection  of  the 
guns  of  Fort  Morgan,  at  the  entrance  to  Mobile  Bay. 

In  1862  he  was  in  command  of  the  "  Owasco,"  and  in 
her  participated  in  the  passage  of  the  forts  below  New 
Orleans,  the  capture  of  that  city  and  the  battles  on  the 
Mississippi  River  up  to  and  including  Vicksburg,  1862. 

He  was  made  commander  in  July,  1862,  and  served  in 
the  "  Owasco"  at  the  fight  and  capture  of  the  Galveston 
forts. 

In  1863  he  was  in  command  of  monitor  "Sangamon," 
of  the  South  Atlantic  Squadron.  The  "Sangamon"  was 
the  first  United  States  vessel  to  be  fitted  with  a  spar 
torpedo,  the  invention  of  her  commander.  During  1864 
he  commanded  "  Galatea,"  on  convoy  duty  in  the  West 
Indies.  In  the  latter  part  of  that  year,  and  1865,  he 
commanded  "  Iosco,"  at  both  attacks  upon  Fort  Fisher. 
He  was  commissioned  captain  in  1866,  and  commodore 
in  December,  1872,  when  he  became  senior  officer  of  the 
Board  of  Inspection,  and  continuing  as  such  until  1876. 

He  became  commandant  of  the  navy-yard,  Ports- 
mouth, New  Hampshire,  in  1877,  and  died  there,  while 
still  in  command,  January,  1879. 

Commodore  Guest  was  one  of  the  most  active  and 
daring  officers  of  the  navy,  and  was  repeatedly  com- 
mended by  commanders  of  squadrons  on  that  account. 
At  Fort  Fisher  the  "  Iosco's"  fire  twice  cut  away  the 
flag-staff  of  the  Mound  Battery. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


1S1 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL   PETER  C.  HAINS,  U.S.A. 

Lieutenant- Colonel  Peter  C.  Hains  (Corps  of 
Engineers)  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  July 
6,  1840.  He  was  graduated  from  the  U.  S.  Military 
Academy  in  the  Class  of  June,  [861,  and  appointed  a  first 
lieutenant  in  the  Second  Regiment  of  Artillery.  Imme- 
diately on  graduating  he  repaired,  with  other  members  of 
his  class,  to  Washington,  and  was  assigned  to  the  drilling 
of  volunteer  troops,  at  that  time  assembling  at  the  capital. 

As  an  artillery  officer  he  was  engaged  in  the  first  battle 
of  Bull  Run,  in  the  siege  of  Yorktown,  in  the  battles  of 
Williamsburg,  Hanover  Court-House,  and  Malvern  II ill 
(July  1). 

In  Jul}-,  1862,  he  was  transferred  to  the  Corps  of  Topo- 
graphical Engineers,  but  continued  to  serve  with  the 
artillery.  In  the  second  battle  of  Malvern  Hill  his  bat- 
tery commander,  the  gallant  Captain  Benson,  was  mortally 
wounded,  and  the  command  devolved  on  him.  He  con- 
tinued in  the  command  of  the  battery,  being  engaged 
in  the  battles  of  South  Mountain  and  Antietam,  as  well 
as  in  several  skirmishes  prior  and  subsequent  to  those 
battles,  until  the  latter  part  of  September,  1862,  when  he- 
was  assigned  as  assistant  topographical  engineer  at  the 
head-quarters  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

When  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  was  organized  into 
three  grand  divisions,  he  was  assigned  as  chief  topo- 
graphical engineer  of  the  Centre  Grand  Division,  Major- 
General  Hooker  commanding,  participating  in  the  battle 
of  Fredericksburg,  Virginia,  December  13,  1862,  and  con- 
tinued with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  until  March,  1863, 
when  he  was  transferred  to  the  Arm}-  of  the  Tennessee, 
at  that  time  about  to  begin  the  turning  movement  that 
resulted  in  the  capture  of  Vicksburg,  Mississippi. 

He  was  assigned  to  duty  as  chief  engineer  of  the 
Thirteenth  Arm)'  Corps,  and  participated  in  the  battles 
of  Port  Gibson,  Champion  Hills,  Black  River  Bridge,  the 
two  assaults  on  Vicksburg,  and  conducted,  throughout 
the  entire  siege,  the  operations  in  front  of  the  Thirteenth 
Army  Corps.  After  the  surrender,  he  accompanied  Sher- 
man's army  in  its  operations  against  Johnston,  which 
resulted  in  the  capture  of  Jackson,  Mississippi. 

In  August,  1863,  he  was  assigned  to  the  duty  of  con- 
structing an  intrenched  camp  at  Natchez,  Mississippi, 
and  remained  there  until  April,  [864,  when  he  was  trans- 
ferred to  General  Banks's  army,  at  that  time  returning 
from  the  Red  River  campaign.  He  joined  Banks's  army 
at  the  mouth  of  the  Red  River,  and  in  July,  1804,  after 
the  army  had  returned  to  New  Orleans,  he  was  assigned 
to  duty  as  chief  engineer  of  the  Department  of  the  Gulf. 

Early  in  1865  he  was  offered  the  command  of  a  regi- 
ment of  volunteers  from  New  Jersey,  the  State  from  which 
he  was  appointed,  but,  owing  to  the  scarcity  of  engineer 
officers  at  that  time,  was  not  allowed  by  the  War  Depart- 


ment to  accept  it.  Subsequently — in  June,  1865 — he  was 
appointed  by  Governor  Parker,  of  New  Jersey,  colonel  of 
the  Tenth  New  Jersey  Volunteers,  but,  as  the  war  was 
about  closed,  he  was  not  mustered  into  the  volunteer 
service. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Hains  received  the  brevet  of  cap- 
tain for  "  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle 
of  Hanover  Court-House,"  of  major  for  "gallant  and 
meritorious  services  in  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,"  and  of 
lieutenant-colonel  for  "  gallant  and  meritorious  services 
during  the  war." 

Since  the  war  Lieutenant-Colonel  Hains  has  been 
engaged  on  various  works  oi  a  civil  and  military  nature. 
For  three  years  he  was  in  command  of  the  Faigineer 
Post  of  Jefferson  Barracks,  Missouri.  Subsequent  to 
that  he  served  as  engineer  of  the  Fifth  and  Sixth  Light- 
House  Districts,  and  as  engineer  secretary  of  the  Light- 
Plouse  Board. 

In  1882  he  was  assigned  to  the  charge  of  the  reclama- 
tion of  the  Potomac  flats  at  Washington,  D.  C,  and  con- 
tinued in  charge  till  November,  1891,  when  that  work  was 
well  advanced  towards  completion. 

He  constructed  the  new  bridge  on  the  piers  of  the 
old  aqueduct  at  Georgetown,  D.  C. ;  a  bridge  across  the 
Anacostia  at  the  foot  of  Pennsylvania  Avenue ;  a  large 
iron  pier  at  Fort  Monroe,  Virginia,  and  a  bridge  across 
Mill  Creek. 

Besides  having  served  as  a  member  of  various  boards 
of  engineers,  he  had  charge  of  the  improvement  of  a 
number  of  rivers  and  creeks  in  the  States  of  Virginia  and 
Maryland,  as  well  as  the  defensive  works  of  Hampton 
Roads  and  the  capital. 

The  present  station  of  Lieutenant-Colonel  Hains  is 
Portland,  Maine,  where  he  has  charge  of  all  river  and 
harbor  works  of  improvement  and  the  military  works  of 
defence  of  the  States  of  Maine  and  New  Hampshire. 


182 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


MAJOR-GENERAL  HENRY  WAGER  HALLECK,  U.S.A. 
(deceased). 

Major-General  Henry  Wager  Hali.eck  was  born 
at  Waterville,  Oneida  County,  New  York,  January  15, 
1S15.  After  studying  a  short  time  at  Union  College, 
he,  in  1835,  entered  the  West  Point  Military  Acad- 
emy, and  graduated  in  1839,  when  he  was  promoted 
to  the  army  as  second  lieutenant  in  the  corps  of  engi- 
neers, being  at  the  same  time  appointed  assistant  pro- 
fessor of  engineering  at  the  Academy.  In  the  following 
year  he  was  made  an  assistant  to  the  board  of  engineers 
at  Washington,  D.  C,  and  from  1S41  to  1844  was  em- 
ployed in  connection  with  the  fortifications  of  New  York 
harbor. 

In  1845,  Lieutenant  Ilalleck  was  sent  by  the  govern- 
ment to  examine  the  principal  military-  establishments  of 
Eumpe,  and  during  his  absence  he  was  promoted  to  the 
ranlc  of  first  lieutenant.  After  his  return,  he,  in  the 
winter  of  1845-46,  delivered  at  the  Lowell  Institute, 
Boston,  a  course  of  twelve  lectures  on  the  science  of  war, 
published  in  [846,  under  the  title  of  "  Elements  of  Mili- 
tary Art  and  Science,"  and  republished  with  additions, 
in  1861. 

On  the  outbreak  of  the  Mexican  War,  Lieutenant 
Ilalleck,  in  1  N4'  >.  as  military  engineer,  accompanied  the 
expedition  to  California  and  the  Pacific  coast,  where  he 
distinguished  himself  not  only  as  an  engineer,  but  by  his 
administrative  skill  as  secretary  of  state,  and  by  his 
presence  of  mind  and  bravery  in  several  skirmishes  with 


the  enemy.  In  1847,  he  was  brevetted  to  the  rank  of 
captain.  He  continued  for  several  years  tp  act  on  the 
staff  of  General  Riley,  in  California,  holding  at  the  same 
time  the  office  of  Secretary  of  State  of  the  Province ; 
and  he  took  a  leading  part  in  framing  the  State  Consti- 
tution of  California,  on  its  being  admitted  into  the  Union. 

In  1852  he  was  appointed  inspector  and  engineer  of 
light-houses,  and  in  1853  was  promoted  captain  of  engi- 
neers. He,  however,  in  1854,  resigned  his  commission 
in  the  army,  in  order  to  devote  his  chief  attention  to  the 
practice  of  law,  which  he  had  already,  for  some  time, 
carried  on  ;  and  so  great  was  his  success  in  his  profession 
that  the  firm  of  which  he  was  senior  partner  soon  ob- 
tained one  of  the  largest  legal  businesses  in  the  State. 
He  was  also,  from  1850,  a  director  of  the  New  Almaden 
Quicksilver  Mine,  and  in  1855  he  became  president  of 
the  Pacific  and  Atlantic  Railroad,  from  San  Francisco  to 
San  Jose. 

At  the  outbreak  of  the  Civil  War,  he  was,  in  August, 
1 86 1 ,  appointed  major-general  of  the  United  States  Army, 
and  in  the  following  November  was  appointed  com- 
mander of  the  Western  Department,  where  he  conducted 
the  campaign  against  the  Confederates,  which  caused  the 
evacuation  of  the  strongly-fortified  city  of  Corinth.  In 
July,  1862,  he  was  appointed  general-in-chief  of  the 
armies  of  the  United  States, — a  position  he  held  until 
March,  1S64,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  General  Grant, 
and  was  appointed  chief  of  the  staff. 

In  April,  1865,  General  Halleck  held  the  command  of 
the  Military  Division  of  the  James,  and  in  August  of  the 
same  year,  of  the  Military  Division  of  the  Pacific,  which 
he  retained  until  March,  1869,  when  he  was  transferred 
to  that  of  the  South, — -a  position  he  held  until  his  death, 
at  Louisville,  Kentucky,  January  9,  187J. 

Besides  his  work  on  the  "  Science  of  War,"  General 
Ilalleck  was  the  author  of  "  Bitumen :  Its  Varieties, 
Properties,  and  Uses,"  1841  ;  "The  Mining  Laws  of 
Spain  and  Mexico,"  1859;  a  translation  of  De  Fooz, 
"On  the  Law  of  Mines,"  with  an  introduction,  i860; 
"  International  Law,"  I S6 1  ;  a  translation  of  Jomini's 
"Life  of  Napoleon,"  1864;  and  a  "Treatise  on  Inter- 
national Law  and  the  Laws  of  War,  prepared  for  the 
use  of  Schools  and  Colleges,"  1866. 

He  was  appointed  professor  of  engineering  in  the 
Lawrence  Scientific  School  of  Harvard  University,  Mas- 
sachusetts, September  28,  184s,  which  he  declined.  The 
degree  of  A.M.  was  conferred  upon  him  by  Union  Col- 
lege, New  York,  in  1843,  and  that  of  LL.D.  in  1862. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


133 


MAJOR-GENERAL  WINFIELD  S.  HANCOCK,   U.S.A. 
(deceased). 

Major-General  Winfield  S.  Hancock  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  graduated  from  the  U.  S.  Military 
Academy  July  i,  1844.  He  was  assigned  to  the  Sixth 
Infantry  as  brevet  second  lieutenant  July  1,  1844,  and 
served  on  frontier  duty  at  Fort  Towson,  Indian  Territory, 
1844.-45,  ami  at  Fort  Washington,  Indian  Territory, 
1845-47.  Promoted  second  lieutenant  Sixth  Infantry 
Jul}-  1,  1846.  He  participated  in  the  war  with  Mexico, 
1 847-48,  being  engaged  with  the  defence  of  convoy  at  the 
National  Bridge  August  12,  1847;  the  skirmish  at  Place 
del  Rio  August  15,  1847;  the  capture  of  San  Antonio 
August  20,  1847;  the  battle  of  Churubusco  August  20, 
1847;  the  battle  of  Molino  del  Rey  September  8,  1847, 
and  the  assault  and  capture  of  the  City  of  Mexico  Sep- 
tember 13-14,  1847. 

He  was  brevetted  first  lieutenant  August  20,  1847,  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  in  the  battles  of  Contre- 
ras  and  Churubusco,  Mexico.  He  was  promoted  first 
lieutenant  Sixth  Infantry  January  27,  1853,  and  from 
June  19  to  November  2/,  1855,  he  was  on  duty  at  head- 
quarters Department  of  the  West.  He  was  appointed 
captain  and  assistant  quartermaster  November  7,  1855, 
and  was  with  troops  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas, 
quelling  the  Kansas  disturbances  in  1857;  was  with  the 
head-quarters  of  the  Utah  reinforcements  in  1858,  and 
with  the  Sixth  Infantry  on  the  march  from  Fort  Bridger, 
Utah,  to  California,  the  same  year. 

He  was  appointed  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  Sep- 
tember 23,  1 861,  and  served  during  the  war  of  the 
Rebellion,  participating  in  the  defence  of  Washington, 
D.  C,  and  in  the  Virginia  Peninsula  campaign,  Army  of 
the  Potomac  ;  being  engaged  in  the  siege  of  Yorktown  ; 
in  the  battles  of  Williamsburg,  Chickahominy,  Golding's 
Farm,  Savage  Station,  and  White  Oak  Swamp.  He- 
conducted  the  retreat  to  Harrison's  Landing  Jul}'  1-4, 
and  the  movement  to  Centrcville,  Virginia,  August  to 
September,  1862.  Was  in  the  Maryland  campaign,  Army 
of  the  Potomac,  being  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Cramp- 
ton's  Pass,  South  Mountain,  and  Antietam.  He  conducted 
the  reconnoissances  from  Harper's  Ferry  to  Charleston, 
Virginia,  October  10-11,  and  the  march  to  Falmouth, 
Virginia,  October  to  November,  1862. 

He  was  appointed  major-general  of  U.  S.  Volunteers 
November  29,  1862.  During  the  Rappahannock  cam- 
paign he  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Fredericksburg 
and  Chancellorsville,  and  in  the  Pennsylvania  cam- 
paign was  in  command  of  Second  Corps  of  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac,  being  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Gettys- 
burg, where  he  was  severely  wounded  in  the  repulse  of 
Longstreet's  attack  upon  the  left  centre,  which  he  com- 
manded. 


The  thanks  of  Congress  were  tendered  him  May  30, 
1866,  "  for  his  gallant,  meritorious,  and  conspicuous  share 
in  the  great  and  decisive  victory." 

He  was  promoted  major  and  quartermaster  U.  S.  Army 
November  30,  1863.  Commanded  and  recruited  Sec- 
ond .Army  Corps,  January  to  March,  1864,  and  par- 
ticipated in  the  Richmond  campaign,  commanding  Sec- 
ond Corps  of  the  Arm}-  of  the  Potomac,  being  en- 
gaged in  the  battles  of  the  Wilderness,  Spottsylvania, 
North  Anna,  Tolopotomy,  Cold  Harbor,  and  operations 
in  its  vicinity  ;  and  the  battle  before  Petersburg  June 
16-18,  1864. 

During  the  operations  in  the  vicinity  of  Petersburg,  he 
was  in  command  of  the  Second  Corps  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  and  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Deep  Bottom, 
Ream's  Station,  Boydton  Plank  Road,  and  the  siege  of 
Petersburg,  Virginia,  June  15  to  Nov.  26,  1864.  He 
was  promoted  brigadier-general  U.  S.  Army  August  12, 
1864. 

Prom  November  27,  1864,  to  February  27,  1865,  he- 
was  at  Washington,  D.  C,  organizing  the  First  Army 
Corps  of  Veterans,  and  from  February  27  to  July  18, 
1865,  he  was  in  command  of  Department  of  West  Vir- 
ginia, and  temporarily  of  the  Middle  Division  and  Army 
of  the  Shenandoah. 

He  was  brevetted  major-general  U.  S.  Army  Novem- 
ber 13,  1865,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  the 
battle  of  Spottsylvania,  Virginia.  He  was  in  command 
of  the  Middle  Department  from  Jul}-  18,  1865,  to  Au- 
gust 10,  1866,  and  of  the  Department  of  Missouri  from 
August  20,  1866.  During  part  of  1867  he  was  engaged 
in  an  expedition  against  the  Indians  on  the  Plains. 

General  Hancock  commanded  also  for  man}-  years  the 
Department  of  the  East,  and  was  a  candidate  for  the 
Presidency  of  the  United  States  in  1880.  He  died  Feb- 
ruary 9,  1 886. 


[84 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (regular) 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL  MARTIN    D.  HARDIN.  U.S.A. 
(retired). 

Brigadier-General  Martin  1).  Hardin  was  born  at 
Jacksonville,  Morgan  County,  Illinois,  June  26,  1837. 
His  great-grandfather,  John  Hardin,  was  an  officer  of 
Morgan's  Rifles  in  the  Revolutionary  War ;  his  grand- 
father, Martin  D.  Hardin,  was  a  Senator  from  Kentucky, 
and  served  with  distinction  as  an  officer  under  General 
Harrison  in  the  war  of  iNu;  his  father,  John  J.  Hardin, 
was  a  prominent  lawyer  in  Illinois,  served  in  Congress 
as  a  member  in  [843  and  1844,  and  was  killed  at  the 
battle  of  Buena  Vista,  Mexico,  while  commanding  the 
First  Illinois  Volunteers. 

General  Hardin  graduated  at  West  point  in  1859,  and 
was  attached  to  the  Third  Art.;  served  at  the  Artillery 
School  at  Fortress  Monroe,  and  accompanied  the  force 
sent  to  recapture  Harper's  Ferry  at  the  time  of  the 
John  Brown  raid.  Joined  Major  Blake's  expedition, 
which  left  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  May  3,  [860.  It  as- 
cended the  Missouri  River  to  its  head-waters,  crossed 
the  Rock)  Mountains  by  Mullan's  Road,  and  reached 
Fori  Vancouver  in  October.  Lieut.  Hardin  was  in  com- 
mand ol  Fort  (Jmpequa,  Oregon,  when  the  late  war 
began. 

He  came  cast  with  the  Third  Art.  in  the  fall  of  1 86 1  ; 
served  in  the  defences  of  Wa  hington,  ami  with  Me  Call's 
l)i\ision  of  Pennsylvania  Reserves  until  March,  iSoj, 
wa  :  aide-de-camp  to  Colonel  Hunt,  commanding  the  Ait. 
Reserves,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  at  the  siege  of  York- 
town,  and  "Seven  Hays'  Battles"  before  Richmond. 

He  was  colonel  commanding  the  Twelfth  Regiment 
Pennsylvania  Reserves,  July  8,  1862,  and  present  in 
Pope's  campaign ;  was  slightly  wounded  at  the  battle  of 
Groveton,  and  severely  wounded  at  second  Bull  Run, 
whilst  commanding  Third   Brigade  of  the  Pennsylvania 


Reserves.  Commanded  his  regiment  at  Gettysburg,  and 
Third  Brigade  Pennsylvania  Reserves  at  combats  of 
Falling  Waters,  Rappahannock  Station,  Bristoe  Sta- 
tion, and  Mine  Run  campaign.  lie  was  severely 
wounded  (losing  left  arm)  whilst  commanding  troops 
guarding  Orange  and  Alexandria  Railroad,  December 
14.  1863. 

On  light  duty  January  \2  to  May,  1864,  and  then 
commanded  First  Brigade  Pennsylvania  Reserves,  Third 
Division  Fifth  Corps,  at  battles  of  Spottsylvania,  North 
Anna  (when  slightly  wounded),  Tolopotomy,  and  Be- 
thesda  Church.  In  this  latter  battle  the  First  Brig- 
ade Pennsylvania  Reserves  was  sent  to  the  front  to  re- 
connoitre. Its  skirmishers  ran  against  the  Confederate 
breastworks,  a  short  distance  in  front  of  the  church. 
When  the  brigade  in  line  reached  the  church,  it  halted, 
tore  down  the  fences,  piled  up  the  rails,  and  laid  down 
behind  these  piles.  Scarcely  were  the  men  in  position 
when  Ramseur's  Confederate  division  charged  down  the 
pike.  The  Confederates  came  on  in  such  large  force,  and 
with  such  an  impetus,  that  the  volley  from  Hardin's 
small  brigade  made  no  apparent  impression.  Soon  the 
other  brigades  of  Third  Division  fifth  Corps  joined 
Hardin's,  and  a  line  of  battle  was  formed  across  the 
country  road.  This  line  the  Confederate  division,  after 
changing  front,  charged.  The  Confederates  were  re- 
pulsed with  severe  loss. 

Colonel  Hardin  was  appointed  brigadier-general  July 
2,  1S64,  and  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  defences 
of  Washington,  north  of  the  Potomac.  He  was  en- 
gaged  in  defence  of  the  Capital  against  the  Confeder- 
ate General  Early's  army,  July,  1  K64. 

These  defences  had  been  stripped  of  the  proper  garri- 
son to  reinforce  General  Grant's  armies.  Two  regiments 
of  one-hundred-day  men  and  a  few  dismounted  batter- 
ies formed  the  garrison  for  fourteen  miles  of  defences. 
The  entile  fence  was  put  on  the  picket-line,  when,  meet- 
ing Early's  skirmishers  ami  making  a  strong  resistance, 
the  Confederate  advance  force  reported  that  the  forts 
and  outworks  were  fully  manned,  thus  causing  General 
Early  to  delay  an  attack-  in  force.  This  attack  would  un- 
doubtedly have  been  successful,  had  it  been  made  before 
reinforcements  to  the  garrison  arrived. 

General  Hardin  was  relieved  of  the  command  of  the 
defences  of  Washington,  and  assigned  to  command  of 
District  of  Raleigh,  North  Carolina,  August,  1865. 

After  the  war  he  served  in  the  Department  of  the 
Lakes  as  staff  officer,  and  at  times  in  command  of  Forts 
Wayne,  Porter,  or  Gratiot. 

Retired  as  brigadier-general  December  15,  1870,  for 
loss  of  left  arm  and  other  wounds.  He  practised  law 
in  Chicago,  and  has  written  a  history  of  the  Twelfth 
Reginn  nt  Pennsylvania  Reserves,  articles  for  maga- 
zines, rii 


WHO   SERVED    IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


1S5 


PAYMASTER  H.  T.  B.  HARRIS,  U.S.N. 

Paymaster  II.  T.  B.  Harris  entered  the  service 
as  captain's  clerk  in  March,  1863,  on  U.  S.  S.  "  [no," 
and  sailed  to  the  South  Atlantic  Ocean  as  convoy  to  the 
ship  "  Aquila,"  with  the  monitor  "Comanche"  on  board 
in  sections,  for  San  Francisco. 

She  was  convoyed  to  about  10  '  south  latitude,  where 
the  "  Ino"  parted  with  her  and  proceeded  to  cruise  in 
search  of  the  rebel  cruiser  "  Alabama,"  reported  in  that 
locality.  The  "Ino"  cruised  for  several  months  with 
quite  a  number  of  exciting  incidents  in  the  way  oi 
false  alarms  as  to  identity  of  different  steamers  sighted ; 
but  the  "Alabama,"  with  her  well-known  elusiveness,  wa 
soon  reported  on  the  United  States  coast, — so  the  "  Ino" 
returned  to  New  York,  and  the  commanding  officer 
and  his  clerk  went  to  the  steamer  "Commodore  Bar- 
ney," serving  on  the  rivers  and  bays  of  Virginia  and 
North  Carolina.  In  May,  [864,  the  "  Barney"  rendered 
very  valuable  assistance  to  the  army  in  repelling  Hoke's 
attack  on  New  Berne,  firing  one  hundred  and  twenty 
rounds  with  her  IX. -inch  Dahlgrens  and  100-pounder 
Parrott  guns.  In  July  of  the  same  year,  while  the 
"  Barney"  was  at  the  head  of  Bachelor's  Bay,  guarding 
the  mouth  of  Roanoke  River,  the  ram  "Albemarle" 
appeared  and  was  hotly  engaged  by  the  "  Barney"  with 
her  100-pounder  Parrott  and  two  IX. -inch  Dahlgrens, 
which  compelled  her  to  return  toiler  moorings  at  Ply 
mouth. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  at  this  time  acting  as 
signal-officer  of  the  ship,  and,  in  addition  to  that  duty, 
on  this  occasion,  commanded  the  forward  battery  of  three 
IX. -inch  guns  with  full  crews  of  contrabands.  After  the 
return  of  the  "Albemarle"  to  Plymouth,  he  volunteered 
to  go  with  a  boat's-crew  at  night  Lip  the  Middle  River  to 
a  point  opposite  Plymouth,  cross  the  swamp  to  a  point 
within  two  hundred  feet  of  the  ram,  to  observe  and  report 
upon  the  apparent  damage  to  her  from  the  shots  of  the 
"  Barney."  This  duty  was  fraught  with  some  danger,  as 
two  of  the  enemy's  picket-stations  were  passed,  and  the 
trip  through  the  cane  brake  was  exceedingly  difficult 
and  fatiguing,  but  was  successfully  accomplished,  and 
one  prisoner  taken, — a  poor  North  Carolina  conscript, 
going  up  the  river  in  a  canoe  to  visit  his  family,  who, 


having  seen  some  oi  the  reconnoitring  party,  was  made 
prisoner  to  prevent  his  divulging  their  presence,  which 
would  have  resulted  in  their  capture. 

Shortly  after  this  the  "Barney"  returned  to  Norfolk, 
where  the  commanding  officer  and  his  clerk  were  trans- 
ferred to  the  steamer  "  Emma,"  of  the  North  Atlantic 
Blockading  Squadron,  and  served  on  the  Wilmington 
blockade,  with  much  excitement  in  the  chase  of  blockade- 
runners  and  frequent  exchange  of  shots  with  the  bat- 
teries, until  October,  1864,  when  the  subject  of  this 
sketch,  who  had  been  acting  paymaster  of  the  ship  for 
two  months,  during  the  absence  through  sickness  of  the 
duly-appointed  officer,  was  ordered  to  New  York  for 
examination  for  appointment  as  acting  assistant  pay- 
master, to  which  grade  he  was  appointed  November  1, 
1864,  and  ordered  to  the  monitor  "  Naubuc"  at  New 
York;  afterwards  to  the  " Napa,"  at  Philadelphia.  On 
February  21,  [867,  was  appointed  assistant  paymaster; 
February  17,  1 869,  passed  assistant  paymaster,  and  Jan- 
uary iS,  [88 1, paymaster,  having  in  the  meantime  served 
in  every  squadron  and  at  the  naval  depots  at  the  Sand- 
wich Islands  and  Rio  de  Janeiro,  Brazil;  and  at  the  time 
of  writing  is  paymaster  of  the  navy-yard,  New  York, 
where  the  disbursements  exceed  three  millions  of  dollars 
per  year. 


24 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular 


FIRST    LIFUTFNANT  JOHN   C.    HARRIS.   U.S.M.C. 

First  Lieutenant  John  C.  Harris  was  born  near 
Philadelphia  in  1840;  admitted  to  theBarin  1861  ;  be- 
fore entering  the  service,  volunteered,  in  January,  [861, 
on  an  expedition  (p.  111*)  to  take  and  hold  Fort  Wash- 
ington, on  the  Potomac,  and  witnessed  the  first  Bull 
Run  disaster.  He  received  a  commission  in  1861 ,  in  the 
Marine  Corps,  of  which  his  uncle  was  then  chief. 

After  some  service  about  Washington,  he  was  placed  in 
command  of  the  guard  of  the  war-steamer,  "  Pensacola" 
(now,  thirty  years  later,  probably  the  only  vessel  of  that 
date,  still  in  active  service).  After  much  delay,  in  prepa- 
ration, she  passed  down  the  Potomac  (witli  President 
Lincoln  and  some  of  his  Cabinet,  until)  under  the  fire  of 
the  rebel  batteries,  which  failed,  after  repeated  efforts,  to 
seriously  injure  her.  At  Hampton  Roads  some  time  was 
spent  in  watching  for  the  rebel  iron-clad  "  Merrimac." 
In  February,  [862,  she  continued  South,  to  join  Admiral 
Farragut's  fleet ;  and,  after  almost  a  wreck  on  the  Florida 
reefs,  and  getting  off  witli  difficulty,  reached  Key  West, 
Florida;  refitted,  and  proceeded  to  Ship  Island,  where 
were  rendezvoused  the  fleet,  Porter's  mortar  flotilla,  and 
General  Butler's  army.  In  April,  1862,  after  heavy  fight- 
ing at  Forts  St.  Philip  and  Jackson,  and  the  Chalmette 
batteries,  (he  being  wounded,  and,  later,  brevetted  for 
"  gallant  and  meritorious  service"  there,)  (pp.  142-307*) — 
these  naval  forces  captured  New  (  Irleans,  where  the 
"Pensacola"  remained  over  a  year;  though  he  was  for 
a  time  a  volunteer  at  the  siege  of  port  Hudson,  with  his 
friend,  General  Godfrey  Weitzel,  of  the  U.S.  Engineers. 
Before  General  Butler's  troops  arrived,  Lieutenant  Harris 
was  thrice  landed,  with  his  men,  t<>  carry  out  Admiral 
Farragut's  different  orders  (pp.  141-142 

In  April,  1863,  he  was  ordered  North  ;  and  soon  after 
the  Union  repulse,  with  great  slaughter,  at  Fort  Wagner, 
off  Charleston,  was  made  adjutant  of  a  battalion  (p.  146*) 


of  five  hundred  men,  sent  from  New  York,  to  lead  a 
second  storming-party  against  the  Fort;  which,  with  Fort 
Gregg,  was  soon  after  taken,  and  the  rebels  cleared  off 
Morris  Bland.  After  these  captures  and  the  assault 
on  Fort  Sumter, — in  which  he  was  again  a  volunteer  (p. 
147*),  in  a  picked  body  of  one  hundred  men,  called  for  by 
Admiral  Dahlgren, — the  command  retired  to  Foll_\-  Island, 
where  the  long  stay  on  the  Mississippi  and  exposure  off 
Charleston,  with  bad  food  and  water,  culminated  in  a 
severe  fever,  which  sent  him,  successively,  to  the  hospital- 
ship  "Vermont;"  to  the  hospital  at  Beaufort,  South  Car- 
olina; and,  when  able  to  travel,  back  to  the  North. 

A  short  service  thereafter  (in  which  he  again  volun- 
teered) against  the  rebel  cavalry  raider,  General  Harry 
Gilmore  (under  Ewell)  in  Maryland  (p.  154*),  terminated 
his  war  experiences; — as  the  war  about  then  ceased. 
Service  on  man_\-  courts-martial  (in  which  he  was  gener- 
ally Judge-Advocate)  and  at  the  Philadelphia  Navy- Yard 
then  occupied  him,  until  the  U.  S.  S.  " Ticonderoga" 
(whose  guard  he  commanded)  sailed  in  November,  1865, 
tor  the  European  Squadron  ;  where  he  spent  some  three 
years  under  Admirals  Farragut  and  Goldsborough,  vis- 
iting all  the  main  ports  of  Europe,  the  East,  and  North 
and  West  Africa,  with  the  Madeiras,  Azores,  Canaries, 
Balearics,  etc., — a  cruise  of  unsurpassed  interest;  oppor- 
tunity having  been  given  for  travelling,  also,  through  the 
interiors  of  countries.  On  his  return  to  the  United  States 
with  Admiral  Farragut,  in  1869,  on  the  frigate  "  Frank- 
lin," he  resigned,  and  resumed  business-life.  The  Na:[al 
Register  of  that  year  credits  him  with  more  "  sea-service" 
than  any  of  the  corps  of  his  date,  or  of  the  six  preceding 
dates, — one  officer  excepted;  who,  however,  was  three 
dates  ahead  of  him. 

On  both  sides  of  his  family  he  came  from  pre-Revolu- 
tionary  Pennsylvania  ancestry.  I  lis  grandfathers,  General 
William  Harris,  of  Pennsylvania,  whose  monument  is  at 
the  Great  Valley  Church,  near  Philadelphia,  and  Colonel 
Persifor  Frazcr  on  his  maternal  side,  both  served  with 
the  Pennsylvania  troops  under  General  Washington.  His 
Frazer  and  Campbell  ancestors  evidence  his  partly  Scotch 
origin,  and  the  Harris  name,  (which  is  identified  with  I  Iar- 
risburg,  the  capital  of  Pennsylvania)  is  English,  being  the 
family  name  of  the  Earls  of  Malmesbury. 

As  he  only  served  when  quite  young,  and  in  the 
regular  Navy,  where  promotion  awaited  a  vacancy  ahead, 
there  was  no  opportunity  for  other  advance,  as  in  the 
army.  I  lew  as  simply  one  of  the  million  or  more,  whose 
course  of  life,  was  deflected  by  the  war-call  of  the  coun- 
try, who  did  what  occasion  offered ;  and  the  survivors, 
when  no  more  needed,  returned  whence  they  came.  This 
modest  record,  therefore,  he  says,  "must  be  of  interest 
mainly  to  his  fellow-officers  and  friends." 

*  Collum's  "  Marine  Corps." 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


187 


CAPTAIN    MOSES   HARRIS,  U.S.A. 

Captain  Moses  Harris  (First  Cavalry)  was  born  in 
New  Hampshire  September  6,  1839.  Entering  the  reg- 
ular army  as  a  private  soldier  in  Troop  G,  First  Cavalry, 
he  passed  through  the  various  grades  to  that  of  first  ser- 
geant, and  then  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  of  the 
same  regiment  May  18,  1864. 

Prior  to  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  he  served  on  the 
Indian  frontier,  and  participated  in  an  expedition  against 
Cheyenne  Indians  in  1857,  under  General  Sumner.  In 
the  summer  of  1858  he  marched  with  the  troops  to 
Sweetwater  River,  Nebraska,  en  route  to  Salt  Lake  City, 
and  returned  to  Fort  Riley.  He  again  participated  in  an 
expedition  against  Kiowa  Indians,  under  General  Sedg- 
wick, in  i860.  He  was  at  Fort  Wise,  Kansas,  at  the 
breaking  out  nf  the  Rebellion,  when  the  designation  of 
the  regiment  was  changed  from  First  to  Fourth  Cavalry. 
After  re-enlisting  and  being  furloughed  for  two  months, 
in  1862  he  rejoined  his  troop  in  the  field  at  Nashville, 
and  participated  in  the  various  marches  and  campaigns 
of  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland  from  March,  1862,  to 
June,  1864,  when  he  took  part  in  the  Atlanta  campaign 
as  far  as  Kenesaw  Mountain,  participating  in  various 
cavalry  affairs  and  skirmishes,  lie  was  promoted  first 
lieutenant  August  15,  1864. 

Captain  Harris  took  part  in  the  following  engage 
ments  :  Action  at  Solomon's  Fork,  Kansas,  in  1 S 5  ~  ; 
affair  at  Blackwater  Springs,  Kansas,  in  i860;  battles  of 
Shiloh,  Corinth,  Perryville, and  Stone  River,  1862  ;  Spring 
Hill,  Snow  Hill,  Franklin,  Middleton,  Shelbyville,  Ring- 
gold, and  Chickamauga,  1863;  Dallas,  Georgia;  Deep 
Bottom,  Virginia ;  Newtown,  Virginia;  Shepherdstown, 
Virginia;  Leetown,  Smithfield,  Winchester,  Millford, 
Waynesborough,  Tom's  Creek,  and  Cedar  Creek,  Vir- 
ginia, in  1864;  and  Appomattox  Court-House,  April  9, 
1865.  He  was  brevetted  a  captain  September  19,  1864, 
for  "  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of 
Winchester." 

Shortly  after  the  close  of  the  war  we  find  the  captain 
on  duty  at  New  Orleans;  and  in  1866  he  was  transferred 
to  the  Pacific  coast,  with  many  changes  of  stations, 
numerous  affairs  with  Indians,  and  disagreeable  long 
marches.  He  was  engaged  in  scouting  operations  against 
hostile  Apaches  from  September,  1869,  to  March,  1870, 
taking  part  in  several  small  engagements.  He  was  en- 
gaged in  constructing  a  wagon-road  to  the  new  post 
in  the  White  Mountains,  Arizona  Territory,  in  1870-71. 
He  was  then  detailed  for  recruiting  service,  from  which 
he  returned  to  Benicia  Barracks  in  the  early  part  of  1873. 


In  the  summer  of  1874  the  captain  was  camped  in  the 
Wallowa  Valley,  Washington  Territory,  watching  restless 
Nez  Perce  Indians  under  Chief  Joseph,  and  afterwards 
took  station  at  Fort  Colville.  In  1878  he  received  a  six- 
months'  leave  of  absence,  but  his  troop  being  ordered 
into  the  field  against  the  hostile  Snake  and  Bannock 
Indians,  he  surrendered  the  unexpired  portion  and  joined 
his  troop  in  the  field  in  August,  and  participated  in  that 
campaign  under  General  O.  O.  Howard.  After  attending 
the  usual  round  of  post  duties,  member  of  boards,  scout- 
ing, etc.,  he  was  in  1881  ordered  to  Arizona  for  field  duty. 
On  October  4  he  left  Lathrop  with  troop  by  rail  for 
Arizona;  on  the  7th  he  took  the  trail  of  hostile  Apaches 
at  San  Simeon  Station,  Arizona,  and  pursued  them  to 
the  Mexican  line.  After  being  stationed  at  Fort  Hua- 
chuca  and  Fort  Bowie  until  January,  1S82,  he  proceeded 
to  and  took  station  at  the  Presidio  of  San  Francisco.  In 
February  of  that  year  he  was  detailed  on  a  board  for 
the  purchase  of  cavalry  horses,  and  in  April  he  was 
again  ordered  to  Arizona,  and  was  scouting  against  hos- 
tile Apaches  until  May  25,  when  he  returned  to  the 
Presidio  ;  but  the  station  of  his  regiment  was  changed  in 
1S84  to  Montana,  and  his  troop  was  assigned  to  Fort 
Custer,  from  which  post  he  was  detached,  August  15, 
1886,  for  duty  in  Yellowstone  Park.  He  established  the 
post  of  Camp  Sheridan  at  Mammoth  Hot  Springs,  and 
continued  to  perform  the  duties  of  superintendent  of  the 
park  and  commander  of  post  of  Camp  Sheridan  until 
June  1,  18S9,  when  he  took-  station  at  Fort  Custer,  Mon- 
tana, remaining  there  until  his  regiment  was  ordered  to 
Arizona  in  1892. 


1 88 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  {regular) 


COMMANDER-IN-CHIFF  BENJAMIN  HARRISON.  U.S.A. 

Commander-in-Chief  Benjamin  Harrison  (President 
of  the  United  States)  is  the  son  of  John  Scott  Harrison, 
and  grandson  of  General  Win.  Henry  Harrison,  President 
of  the  United  States  from  March  4  to  April  4,  1841.  I  le 
was  born  at  North  Bend,  Indiana,  in  his  grandfather's 
house,  August  20,  1833,  graduated  from  Miami  University 
in  Class  of  1852;  he  subsequently  passed  through  a  legal 
course,  and  began  practice  of  law  , it  Indianapolis  in  1854. 

In  the  early  part  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  Mr. 
Harrison  tendered  his  services  to  Governor  Morton,  of 
Indiana,  and  the  latter  authorized  him  to  raise  a  regi- 
ment. When  the  regiment  was  complete,  Governor 
Morton  voluntarily  commissioned  Mr.  Harrison  colonel 
of  the  Seventieth  Regiment,  Indiana  Volunteers. 

When  Bragg  was  hastening  with  the  main  body  of  his 
army  to  Louisville,  considerable  excitement  was  created, 
and  Colonel  Harrison's  regiment — although  muskets  had 
just  been  issued  to  them  and  they  did  not  even  know 
how  to  handle  them — was  hurried  to  Bowling  Green, 
Kentucky,  which  was  at  that  time  fortified,  and  had 
become  a  Union  outpost,  below  which  even-thin-  had 
been  broken  by  the  Confederates. 

Colonel  Harrison's  first  experience  as  an  independent 
commander  was  when  he  was  sent  on  an  expedition 
list  a  body  ,,f  rebels  lodged  at  Russellville.  His 
command  was  put  aboard  a  train  at  Bowling  Green  and 
hurried  off  When  within  about  ten  miles  of  the  town 
he  was  stopped  by  a  burned  bridge.  (  Inly  a  portion  of 
a  span  was  gone,  however,  and  he  made  a  pier  of  railroad 
ties  m  the  centre,  then  cut  down  a  couple  of  large  trees 
and  pushed  them  across  the  break.  Prom  a  side-track 
near  by,  rails  were  torn  up  and  laid  upon  the  timbers. 
He  pushed  on  with  his  train  over  the  temporary  bri< 
and  arriving  at  a  proper  point,  after  making  his  military 
dispositions   he   suddenly  and    with   energy  attacked   tin 


rebel  camp.  The  surprise  was  complete.  Forty  rebels 
were  killed  and  wounded,  while  only  one  Union  soldier 
was  killed.  He  captured  ten  prisoners  and  all  the  horses 
and  arms,  and  then  returned  to  Bowling  Green. 

Colonel  Harrison's  regiment  was  brigaded  with  the 
Seventy-ninth  (  )hio,  and  the  One  Hundred  and  Second, 
One  Hundred  and  Fifth,  and  the  One  Hundred  and 
Twenty-ninth  Illinois,  Brigadier-General  Ward  com- 
manding; and,  what  is  extraordinary,  the  organization 
thus  effected  was  kept  unchanged  to  the  close  of  the  war. 
From  Bowling  Green,  Colonel  Harrison,  with  his  com- 
mand, accompanied  the  brigade  to  Scottville,  Kentucky, 
ami  thence  to  Gallatin,  Tennessee,  where  he  was  occupied 
guarding  the  Louisville  and  Nashville  Railroad.  Four 
months  were  evenly  divided  between  hunting  guerillas  and 
drilling  his  men.  Fhe  brigade  then  marched  to  Lavcrgne 
and  thence  to  Murfreesborough.  There  it  became  part  of 
Granger's  Reserve  Corps.  On  the  2d  of  January,  1864,  it 
became  the  First  Brigade  of  the  First  Division  of  the 
Eleventh  Army  Corps,  and  Colonel  Harrison  was  placed 
in  command  of  it,  General  Ward  taking  the  division. 

Shortly  after  this  the  Eleventh  and  Twelfth  Army 
Corps  were  consolidated  into  the  Twentieth,  whereupon 
Ward's  old  brigade  became  the  First  Brigade  of  the 
Third  Division  of  the  Twentieth  Corps;  and,  as  General 
Ward  returned  to  the  command  of  the  brigade,  Colonel 
Harrison  resumed  that  of  his  regiment. 

Colonel  Harrison  participated  in  the  Atlanta  campaign 
and  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Resaca,  where,  in 
charging  a  battery,  he  was  amongst  the  first  to  cross  the 
parapet.  He  also  assisted  in  the  capture  of  Cassville; 
was  engaged  at  New  Hope  Church,  and  commanded  his 
brigade  in  the  engagements  at  Gilgal  Church,  Kenesaw 
Mountain,  Peach-Tree  Creek,  and  Nashville.  After  the 
last-named.  Colonel  Harrison  was  occupied  in  the  pursuit 
of  Hood's  army,  and  through  many  difficulties  pene- 
trated as  far  as  Courtland,  Alabama.  He  was  then  or- 
dered to  report  to  General  Sherman  at  Savannah.  At 
Pocotaligo  he  was  assigned  to  a  brigade,  with  which  he 
joined  Sherman  at  Goldsborough. 

At  the  close  of  the  war  Colonel  Harrison  was  made 
brevet  brigadier-general  of  volunteers,  to  date  from  Jan- 
uary 23,  1865,  "for  ability  and  manifest  energy  and  gal- 
lantry in  command  of  the  brigade."  He  was  honorably 
mustered  out  of  service  at  Washington,  D.  C,  on  tin 
8th  day  of  June,  1 865,  and  at  once  entered  upon  his 
duties  as  reporter  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  State  of 
Indiana.  He  was  elected  United  States  Senator  in  1 88  I, 
and  held  that  office  for  six  years. 

In  ]88S  General  Harrison  became  the  Republican 
candidate  for  President  of  the  United  States.  He  was 
duly  elected,  and  took  his  seat  March  4,  1889,  which 
position  he  now  holds,  and  by  virtue  of  that  position 
became  commander-in-chief  of  the  army  ami  navy. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


189 


CAPTAIN    WILSON  T.   HARTZ,   U.S.A. 

Captain  Wilson  T.  Hartz  (Fifteenth  Infantry)  was 
born  in  Pottsville,  Schuylkill  County,  Pennsylvania,  Sep- 
tember 9,  1 S36 ;  received  an  academic  education;  em- 
barked in  life  as  a  civil  and  mining  engineer;  served 
about  one  year  at  mining  work,  and  then  received  an 
appointment  as  an  assistant  engineer  on  the  Mine  Hill 
and  Schuylkill  Haven  Railroad,  which  position  he  held 
tor  about  seven  years,  vacating  it  to  answer  the  call  of 
the  President  for  volunteers.  He  was  enrolled  on  the 
1 6th  day  of  April,  186 1  ;  mustered  into  service  and  ap- 
pointed sergeant-major  of  the  Sixth  Pennsylvania  Infan- 
try April  22,  1.S61  ;  and  was  mustered  out  of  service 
July  27,  1861.  He  was  then  appointed  first  lieutenant 
First  Regiment,  Excelsior  Brigade  (Seventieth  New 
York  volunteers),  August  30,  1S61  (Hooker's  Division, 
Third  Army  Corps),  mustered  to  date  October  22,  1861, 
and  was  adjutant  of  the  regiment  from  February  1,  1862, 
to  October  28,  1862,  part  of  the  time  on  duty  as  acting 
assistant  adjutant-general  of  the  brigade. 

October  IO,  1S62,  he  was  transferred  to  the  First  Army 
Corps  for  special  assignment  on  the  staff  of  General 
Nelson  Taylor;  was  appointed  captain  and  assistant 
adjutant-general  of  volunteers  October  23,  1862.  He 
received  a  bullet-wound  in  the  right  breast  at  Freder- 
icksburg, Virginia,  December  13,  1862;  was  assigned  to 
duty  as  assistant  to  the  commissary-general  of  prisoners 
February  17,  1863,  and  continued  on  that  duty  under  the 
several  administrative  heads  of  the  bureau — Generals 
Hoffman,  Wessells,  and  Hitchcock — until  the  office  was 
closed,  and  the  records  turned  over  to  the  adjutant- 
general  of  the  army,  August  22,  1S67. 

"Office  Commissary-Genf.rai,  of  Prisoners, 
" Washington,  I).  C,  August  22,  1S67. 

"  Special  Orders  :  In  compliance  with  an  order  of  the 
adjutant-general  of  the  20th  instant,  the  undersigned  an- 
nounces that  he  has  delivered  the  books,  papers,  and 
property  of  this  office  to  the  control  and  direction  of 
Brevet  Brigadier-General  Breck,  of  the  Adjutant-General's 
Department,  and  it  only  remains  for  him  to  tender  his 
thanks  to  the  gentlemen  in  the  office  for  their  uniform 
fidelity  and  industry. 

"  To  Brevet  Major  W.  T.  Hartz  he  feels  particularly 
indebted,  and  desires  to  make  his  acknowledgment  for 
his  services  and  experience  in  the  office,  which  have  been 
of  the  highest  value  and  importance,  not  merely  to  him- 
self individually,  but  to  the  government. 

(Signed)  "  E.  A.  Hitchcock, 

"  Major-General  of  Volunteers,  Com.-Gen.  Prisoners." 

Captain  Hartz  was  mustered  out  of  service  as  a  captain 
and  acting  adjutant-general  of  volunteers,  to  take  effect 
September  I,  1867.  He  was  commissioned  major  of 
volunteers  by  brevet  to  date  from   March   13,  1865,  "for 


faithful  and  meritorious  service  during  the  war."  He- 
then  entered  the  regular  service  as  second  lieutenant 
Fifteenth  U.  S.  Infantry,  to  date  from  May  11,  1866,  and 
was  promoted  to  first  lieutenant  June  17,  1867. 

He  was  commissioned  first  lieutenant  and  captain  by 
brevet  to  date  from  March  2,  1867,  "for  gallant  and 
meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  Vir- 
ginia." On  being  mustered  out  of  volunteer  rank  as 
captain  ami  acting  adjutant-general,  he  joined  his  com- 
pany (D,  Fifteenth  Infantry)  at  Montgomery,  Alabama, 
and  commanded  the  company  (the  captain  being  absent) 
until  January  25,  1868,  when  he  was  ordered  to  duty  as 
acting  assistant  adjutant-general  of  the  District  of  Ala- 
bama, and  remained  on  that  duty  until  the  Fifteenth 
Infantry  left  the  State.  August  12,  1S68.  He  marched 
and  served  with  the  regiment  in  Texas  and  New  Mexico, 
on  company  and  post  duty  as  acting  assistant  quarter- 
master and  acting  commissar}-  of  subsistence ;  and  as 
engineer  officer  of  the  regiment  on  its  march  from  Texas 
to  New  Mexico  in  1869,  until  the  fall  of  1874,  when  he 
was  ordered  on  recruiting  duty  until  October,  1876.  He 
then  took  station  at  Fort  Wingate,  New  Mexico,  and 
was  promoted  captain  August  23,  1877. 

Captain  Hartz  was  on  detached  service,  building  can- 
tonment at  Bagosa  Springs,  Colorado,  during  the  winter 
of  1S7S-79;  he  was  in  the  Ute  campaign,  winter  of 
1879-80;  in  the  Victorio  campaign,  summer  and  fall 
of  1880;  escorting  engineers  Atchison,  Topeka,  anil 
Santa  Fe  Railroad,  winter  of  1880-81,  in  New  Mexico 
and  Arizona.  (  )n  leave  of  absence,  spring  of  1881  ; 
thence  to  recruiting  duty  (special  detail)  until  November, 
1 88 1  ;  joined  his  company  at  Fort  Lyon,  Colorado,  and 
served  continuously'  with  the  regiment  in  Colorado, 
North  Dakota,  Louisiana,  and  Illinois.  He  was  absent, 
with  leave  from  November  15,  1891,  to  Februaiy  29, 
1892,  and  has  been  on  duty  with  regiment  since. 


190 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


MAJOR  WILLIAM   L.  HASK1N,  U.S.A. 

Major  William  L.  Haskin  (First  Artillery)  was  born 
at  Iloulton,  Maine,  May  31,  1S41.  lie  is  the  son  of  the 
late  Brevet  Brigadier-General  Joseph  A.  Haskin,  U.S  A  . 
and  is  a  graduate  of  the  Rensselaer  Polytechnic  Institute 
of  Troy,  New  York,  Class  of  1 861,  with  the  degree  of 
Civil  Engineer.  He  entered  the  regular  service  from  civil 
life  as  second  lieutenant,  First  Artillery,  August  5,  1861, 
and  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  the  same  day.  He 
served  during  the  war  of  the  Rebellion, being  stationed  at 
Fort  Washington,  Maryland,  to  November,  1 861,  and  was 
then  ordered  to  Fort  Pickens,  Florida,  where  he  remained 
until  the  occupation  of  Pensacola,  Florida  He  was 
stationed  at  Pensacola  until  July,  1S62,  and  then  served 
in  the  Department  of  the  Gulf,  Louisiana,  until  August, 
1864.  lie  participated  in  the  campaigns  pertaining  to 
that  locality,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Fort  Bis- 
land,  April  12  and  [3,  1863;  in  a  skirmish  at  Jennerets, 
April  14,  1863;  in  the  siege  of  Port  Hudson,  Louisiana, 
from  May  27  to  July  8,  1863.  He  commanded  Horse 
Battery  F,  Firsl  Artillery,  during  the  second  Red  River 
campaign,  and  was  engaged  in  a  skirmish  at  Marksville, 
Louisiana,  May  15,  1864,  and  in  the  action  of  Mansura, 
Louisiana,  May  [6,  1864,  for  which  he  was  honorably 
mentioned  to  the  Secretary  of  War  by  General  Emory, 
in  the  following  words : 

"Lieutenant  Haskin  commanded  a  hatter}- of  the  First 
Artillery  in  the  Red  River  campaign  of  [ 864,  and  greatly 
distinguished  himself  by  the  good  order  and  discipline  of 


his  batter\-,  and  his  gallantry  and  coolness  upon  all  occa- 
sions; but  particularly  on  the  16th  of  May,  at  the  battle 
of  Mansura,  where  he  acted  with  conspicuous  gallantry. 
I,  therefore,  respectfully  recommend  that  he  be  brevetted 
captain  of  artillery,  to  date  from  May  16,  1864."  At 
the  close  of  the  war  he  was  brevetted  captain  (July-  8, 
1863)  for  "  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  capture 
of  Port  Hudson,  Louisiana;"  and  brevet  major,  March 
13,  1865,  for  "good  conduct  and  gallant  services  during 
the  war." 

In  September,  1864,  Lieutenant  Haskin  was  placed 
on  recruiting  service,  and  in  February,  1865,  was  ap- 
pointed aide-de-camp  to  General  J.  A.  Haskin,  chief  of 
artillery  Twenty-second  Arm}-  Corps.  In  the  following 
September  he  was  ordered  to  Fort  Trumbull,  Connec- 
ticut, and  there  performed  the  duties  of  acting  assistant 
quartermaster  and  assistant  commissary  of  subsistence 
until  June,  1866,  when  he  was  sent  with  his  battery  to 
Malone,  New  York,  to  assist  in  suppressing  the  Fenian 
raid. 

Lieutenant  Haskin  was  promoted  captain  July  2S,  1866, 
and  was  at  Fort  Schuyler  until  1S70,  when  he  was  again 
sent  to  Malone,  New  York,  in  May,  to  assist  in  suppress- 
ing the  second  Fenian  raid  into  Canada.  He  was  then 
stationed  at  various  posts  011  the  Atlantic  coast  until  1876, 
when  he  was  sent  with  his  batter}-  to  South  Carolina  and 
Florida,  dining  the  contested  election  of  that  year.  He 
was  also  sent  to  Pittsburgh  and  Reading,  Pennsylvania, 
in  1877,  during  the  labor  riots. 

Captain  Ilaskin's  station  was  changed  to  the  Pacific 
coast  in  1  88 1,  and  he  served  at  different  posts  until  Sep- 
tember, 1 888,  when  he  was  in  charge  of  the  office  of 
inspector-general,  and  inspector  of  target  practice  of  the 
Department  of  California,  in  October,  1888.  He  was 
senior  member  of  a  board  for  reconnoissance  of  certain 
harbors  on  the  Pacific  coast  from  March  to  May,  i88y, 
and  commanded  a  battalion  of  light  artillery  at  a  summer 
encampment  from  Jul}-  to  September,  [889.  He  next 
served  at  Alcatraz  Island,  harbor  of  San  Francisco,  and 
then  at  other  unimportant  stations  to  the  present  time. 

Captain  Haskin  was  promoted  major  of  the  First  Ar- 
tillery August  11,  1887,  and  is  now  (Ala}-,  1892)  in  com- 
mand of  Fort  Columbus,  New  York,  and  is  the  Secretary 
of  the  Military  Service  Institution  of  the  Unfted  States, 
and  one  of  the  editors  of  its   journal. 

He  is  the  author  of  the  "  History  of  the  First  United 
States  Artillery,"  [879. 


WHO    SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


191 


CAPTAIN  CHARLES  HAY,  U.S.A. 

Captain  Charles  Hay  (Subsistence  Department)  was 
born  in  Holmes  Count}-,  Ohio,  August  23,  1840,  and  is, 
at  the  date  of  this  record  and  portrait,  in  the  fifty-second 
year  of  his  aye,  and  thirtieth  of  military  service. 

He  first  entered  the  service  by  enlistment  at  Cleveland, 
Ohio,  .April  23,  1861,  for  three  months  in  the  Eighth  Ohio 
Volunteer  Infantry,  and  served  as  a  private;  and,  imme- 
diately on  the  expiration  of  this  term,  on  July  24,  1861, 
he  enlisted  at  Camp  Chase,  Columbus,  Ohio,  in  the 
Twenty-third  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry  for  three  years, — 
serving  the  full  term  in  the  ranks  as  a  private,  corporal, 
and  regimental  commissary  sergeant.  With  the  exception 
of  about  three  months  in  [862,  his  service  with  this  regi- 
ment was  in  West  Virginia,  where  it  performed  consid- 
erable scouting  and  marching,  and  had  many  minor 
engagements  with  the  rebels,  in  nearly  all  of  which  he 
participated.  August  to  October,  1862,  his  regiment  was 
with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  in  the  campaign  through 
Maryland  which  culminated  in  the  battles  of  South  Moun- 
tain and  Antietam,  in  both  of  which  he  was  engaged.  In 
the  summer  of  1863  he  took  part  with  his  regiment  in 
pursuing  and  intercepting  the  rebel  raider,  General  John 
Morgan,  in  Pastern  Ohio;  and  in  June,  1864,  was  in 
General  Hunter's  campaign  against  Lynchburg,  Virginia, 
which  resulted  disastrously,  the  Federal  troops  being 
obliged  to  retreat  to  the  Kanawha  Valley,  a  distance  of 
over  two  hundred  miles,  through  an  unfriendly  country 
and  harassed  by  the  rebels,  suffering  many  hardships 
and  privations  because  of  insufficient  supplies  and  a 
forced  march  of  eleven  days. 

In  May,  1864,  Captain  Hay  passed  examination  at 
Washington  City  before  the  board  presided  over  by  Gen- 
eral Silas  Casey  for  a  commission  in  the  colored  forces, 
and  subsequently,  in  July,  1864,  was  commissioned  a 
captain  in  the  Forty-fifth  Regiment  U.  S.  Colored  Volun- 
teer Infantry,  but  declined  the  appointment. 

Discharged  by  reason  of  expiration  of  service,  July 
24,  1864,  he  entered  the  office  of  the  provost-marshal  of 
the  Fourteenth  (  )hio  District,  at  Wooster,  as  a  deputy, 
where  he  remained  until  February  20,  1865,  when  he  was 
commissioned  a  captain  in  the  First  Army  Corps  of 
Veteran  Volunteer  Infantry,  then  being  organized  by 
General  Hancock  from  volunteer  soldiers  who  had  served 
two  years  or  more  and  been  honorably  discharged. 
After  two  months  of  recruiting  duty  in  Ohio  for  the 
corps,  he  joined  it  at  Washington  City,  and  was  assigned 
to  the  Fifth  Regiment ;  and  remained  in  camp  near 
Washington  until  July,  being  present  on  duty  with  his 
regiment  during  the  trial  and  execution  of  the  Surratt 
conspirators.  His  remaining  service  with  this  regiment 
was  at  Providence,  Rhode  Island,  and  on  Staten  and 
Hart's  Islands,  New  York  harbor,  until  discharged  May 
28,  1866.     Returning  to  Ohio,  he  entered  the  post-office 


at  Wooster  as  deputy,  where  he  remained  until  March, 
1867,  when  he  was  commissioned  a  second  lieutenant  in 
the  Thirty-sixth  U.  S.  Infantry,  reporting  for  duty  May 
1,  1867,  at  North  Platte,  Nebraska.  For  the  next  two 
years  he  served  with  this  regiment  at  posts  and  in  the 
field  in  the  vicinity  of  the  line  of  the  LTnion  Pacific  Rail- 
road, then  being  constructed,  protecting  its  workmen  in 
what  was  then  a  hostile  Indian  country.  At  the  reduc- 
tion in  1S69  of  the  infantry  of  the  ami)'  from  forty-five 
to  twenty-five  regiments,  he  was  placed  on  "  waiting 
orders,"  and  so  remained  until  Jul)',  when  he  was  as- 
signed to  the  Twenty-third  Infantry,  and,  conducting  a 
detachment  of  recruits  from  Carlisle  Barracks  to  San 
Francisco  in  August,  reported  for  duty  September  1  at 
Boise  Barracks,  Idaho,  where  he  served  until  after  his 
promotion  to  first  lieutenant  January,  1871,  during  which 
he  performed  considerable  escort  duty  in  Idaho  and  Ore- 
gon. His  subsequent  service  of  eighteen  years  in  the 
Twenty-third  Infantry  was  at  posts  in  ( )regon,  Washing- 
ton, and  Arizona  Territories,  Nebraska,  Kansas,  Indian 
Territory,  Colorado,  Texas,  and  at  Buffalo,  New  York, 
and  comprised  all  of  the  garrison  duties  incidental  to  a 
subaltern  line  officer,  of  which,  however,  those  of  post- 
adjutant,  quartermaster,  and  commissar)'  were  most  fre- 
quent and  almost  constant.  His  last  duty  as  post-quar- 
termaster was  the  entire  rebuilding  of  Fort  Porter,  at 
Buffalo,  New  York. 

On  December  10,  1888,  Captain  Hay  was  nominated 
by  President  Cleveland  for  commissary  of  subsistence 
with  the  rank  of  captain,  and  was  confirmed  January  15, 
1889. 

In  September  following  he  reported  for  duty  at  Denver, 
Colorado,  where  he  is  at  present  stationed  as  purchasing 
commissar)'  of  subsistence. 

Captain  Hay  is  a  member  of  the  Loyal  Legion,  Com- 
mandery  of  Colorado. 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  is* 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL   WILLIAM   B.    HAZEN,  U.S.A. 

( ASI  l>). 

Brigadiek-Genekal  William  B.  Hazen  was  born 
in  Vermont,  and  graduated  from  the  Military  Acadeni) 
|uly  i,  1855.  He  was  promoted  brevel  sei  ond  lieutenant 
of  infantry  the  ame  day,  and  second  lieutenanl  Eighth 
Infantry  September  4,    [ S5 5-     ''''    '"'"'    served    on    the 

I '.K  Hi Lst,  and  was  engaged  in  skirmishes  at  Applegate 

Creek  fanuar)  5,  and  Big  Kanyon  February  12,  [856. 
He  was  then  employed  in  conducting  Rogue  Rivei 
Indians  to  Grand  Ronde  Reservation,  Oregon,  the  same 
year.  He  was  on  leave  of  absence  and  awaiting  orders 
from  April  to  December,  [857.  He  rejoined  in  Texas, 
and  was  scouting  against  Apache  Indians  in  [858,  being 
1  ngaged  in  a  I  irmish  at  Guadalupe  Mountains  fune  [4. 
In  1859  he  wa  ;  1  ngaged  with  Kickapoo  Indians  on  the 
Nueces,  Maj  16  and  Octobei  5,  and, with  Comanche 
Indians  on  the  Vanno  November  5,  when  he  was  severely 
wounded,  and  went  on  sick-leave  of  absence  from  1859 
to  [861.     He  was  brevetted  first  lieutenant  May  [6,1859, 

for  "gallant  conduct  in  two  several   engagei ts  with 

Indians  in  Texa 

Lieutenant  I  lazen  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  April  1, 
[861,  while  assistant  instructor  of  infantr)  tactics  at  the 
Military  Academy.  He  was  promoted  captain  May  1  |, 
1 861,  and  upon  being  relieved  at  the  Militarj  Academy, 
September  [8,  1 861,  was  appointed  colonel  of  the  Forty- 
fii  t  <  )hii  1  Volunteers,  and,  after  recruiting  and  organizing 
his  regiment  at  Cleveland,  wa  engaged  in  the  defence 
ol  the  Ohio  frontier,  and  in  operations  in  Kentucky  to 
February,  1862,  when  he  commanded  a  brigade  in  the 
Army  of  the  Ohio,  and  participated  in  the  Tenn< 
1  ampaign,  being  engagi  d  in  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  April  7, 
id  the  advance  on  Corinth.  I  [e  was  then  on  sick- 
leave  from  May  :-5  to  July  4,  1862,  when  he  returned, and 
was  engaged  with   his  troops  in   repairing  railroads   to 


August  4.  After  commanding  at  Murfreesborough  for 
awhile,  he  participated  in  the  retrograde  movement  on 
Louisville,  Kentucky,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of 
Pei  ry\  ille  a\m\  se\  eral  skirmishes. 

Colonel  Hazen  was  appointed  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers  November  29,  1862,  and  participated  in  the 
Tenn<  s  iee  1  ampaign  with  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland, 
being  engaged  in  a  skirmish  near  Murfreesborough  on 
Christmas  Hay,  and  battle  ol  Stone  River  December  31, 
[862.  After  a  short  leave  of  absence,  General  Hazen 
participated  in  the  Tennessee  campaign  of  1863,  and  the 
campaigns  which  followed,  including  the  march  to  the 
sea,  .mil  through  the  Carolinas,  to  the  close  of  the  war. 
He  was  engaged  in  numerous  skirmishes,  and  in  the 
battle  of  Chickamauga  September  19  and  20,  1863;  in 
operations  about  Chattanooga,  in  a  movement  with  fifty 
two  pontoons  to  Brown's  Ferry,  with  which  a  bridge 
ai  ro  :s  the  Tennessee  River  was  formed,  Lookout  Valley 
seized  after  a  severe  skirmish,  and  the  line  oi  supplies  oi 
the  army  reopened.  He  captured  the  Nineteenth  Ala- 
bama Regiment  atOrchard  Knob  November  23, and  was 
in  the  battle  of  Missionary  Ridge  November  25,  [863. 
I  [e  wa  1 1  ngaged  also  in  the  demonstration  against  Rocky- 
face  Ridge,  battle  of  Resaca,  action  at  Adairsville,  at 
Cassville,  at  Pickett's  Mills,  battle  of  Kenesaw  Mountain, 
combat  of  Peach  tree  Creek,  siege  of  Atlanta,  and,  while 
in  command  of  the  Second  Division,  Fifteenth  Army 
<  'orp  ,  engaged  in  the  battle  of  [onesborough,  the  march 
to  the  sea,  including  numerous  skirmishes,  assault  and 
capture  of  Fort   McAllister,  near  Savannah. 

While  en  route  through  the  Carolinas,  General  Hazen 
constructed,  with  his  troops,  a  trestle-bridge  twelve 
hundred  feet  long,  in  eighteen  hours,  over  Lynch's 
('reel.,  February  28,  1865,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battle 
of  Bentonville,  North  Carolina,  March  20-21,  1865,  and 
was  present  at  the  surrender  of  fohnston's  army  April  26, 
1865.  He  was  appointed  major-general  oi  volunteers 
December  i;,  [864,  and  was  brevetted  in  the  regular 
army  from  major  to  major-general,  for  gallant  and  meri- 
torious services  in  the  various  general  actions  in  which  he 

had  been  engaged. 

After  holding  several  important  commands,  anion;; 
them  the  command  of  the  Fifteenth  Army  Corps  during 
1865—66,  he  wa-  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service 
January  15,  [866,  and  then  was  a  member  of  the  Board 
ol  Officers  to  Recommend  Brevet  Promotions,  lie  was 
appointed  colonel  of  the  Thirty  eighth  Infantry  July  28, 
[866,  and  while  on  duty  in  the  West  was  transferred  to 
the  Sixth  Infantry,  upon  the  consolidation  of  regiments 
in  1869.  He  then  served  at  various  posts  in  the  West 
with  that  regiment  until  December  15,  1880,  when  he 
was  appointed  brigadiei  general  and  chief  signal-officer, 
and  stationed  at  Washington,  D.  C,  at  which  place  he 
died  January  u>,  1 887. 


WHO   SERVED    IX    THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


193 


G  >LONEL  CLEMENT   D.  HEBB,  U.S.M.C. 

Colonel  Clemeni  I  >.  Hebb  was  born  in  Virginia, 
but  was  appointed  a  second  lieutenant  in  the  Marine 
Corps  of  the  United  Slates,  from  California,  March,  [856. 
Alter  going  through  his  preliminary  training  at  head 
quarters,  and  at  the  marine  barracks  .it  Philadelphia, 
where  a  large  force  of  marines  was  always  then  kept,  he 
was  ordered  in  command  ol  the  marine  guard  of  the 
sloop-of-war  "  Falmouth,"  and  served  in  the  Brazil  foi 
three  years,  During  the  year  [859  he  was  alia,  lied  to 
the  "Preble,"  of  the  Paraguay  Expedition.  After  re 
turning  from  the  South  American  Station,  Lieutenant 
Ilehh  served  at  head- quarters ;  at  marine  barracks,  New 
York;  at  marine  barracks,  Pensacola ;  and  at  head- 
quarters again  in  [860-61.  These  were  trying  times,  and 
people  had  to  declare  their  sentiments  very  plainly. 
Lieutenant  Hebb  was  ordered,  with  a  detachment  of 
marines,  to  occupy  Fori  Washington,  on  the  Potomac, 
to  prevent  that  fort  from  falling  into  the  hands  "l  tin 
rebels.  In  fune,  1S61,  he  was  commissioned  a  first  lieu- 
tenant, and,  after  a  short  term  at  the  marine  barracks  at 
Boston,  was  ordered  to  the  frigate  "  Santee,"  ol  the  \\  e  1 
Gulf  Squadron.  He  was  promoted  to  captain  while  thus 
serving,  and,  being  detached,  served  at  the  marine  bar- 
racks at  Norfolk,  Virginia,  and  at  Philadelphia.  During 
a  portion  of  the  year  [865  he  served  with  the  battalion 
of  marine,  at  Morris  and  Folly  Islands,  South  Caro 
Una.  During  1864  and  [865  he  was  on  duty  at  New 
York,  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  and  at  Washing 
ton;  was  attached  to  the  flag  ship  "Colorado,"  of  the 
European  Squadron,  from  .April,  1865,  to  August, 
[867. 

Captain  Hebb  was,  after  this  date,  in  command  of  the 
marine  barracks  at  Washington;  the  marine  liana- I 
at  Mound  City;  and  again  at  Washington,  1 1.  C.  Thence 
he  went  to  the  marine  barracks  at  Boston,  and  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  1  011  in  land  of  the  marine  liar  rails  at  I'elisa- 
cola,  where  he  remained   from  October,  [869,  to  June, 


[872.  In  [872—73  he  was  stationed  al  Annapolis,  aftei 
wards  serving  in  the  flag-ship  "Pensacola,"  Pacifii 
Squadron.  From  July,  [874,  to  May,  1880,  he  com 
manded  marines  at  the  Marc   Island   Navy- Yard,  Cali- 

fi  H'lli.l. 

Commissioned    major    1876.       From    May,    1880,  to 
February,  1S.X5,  commanded   marines  at    Boston   Navy 
Yard;    commissioned    lieutenant-colonel     April,    18S0; 
commanded    marines    at    navy  yard,    Portsmouth,   New 
I  [ampshire,  1885,  to  Augu  1,  [889. 

Commissioned  colonel  August,  [889,  and  stationed  for 
a  lew  months  at  League  Island,  Philadelphia.  March 
1,  [890,  appointed  to  the  command  of  the  marine  bar- 
racks at  the  navy-yard,  Boston,  Massachusetts. 

Colonel  Hebb  was  ordered  by  the  Honorable  Secre- 
tary of  tin  Nav)  on  September  7,  [891,  to  Washington, 
I ).('.,  to  command  the  Marine  Corps  while  the  com- 
mandant (McCawley)  was  ick,  and  until  his  retirement 
and  successor  was  appointed  in  February,  1 89 1,  when 
he  returned  to  tin    Bo  ton  Marine  Barracks. 


25 


■94 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  secular) 


CAPTAIN  AND  BREVET  COLONEL   HENRY  B.   HEN- 
DERSHOTT,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Captain  and  Brevet  Colonel  Henry  15.  Hender- 
SHOTT  was  born  at  Burlington,  Kentucky,  May  23,  1824. 
I  [e  was  graduated  at  the  United  States  Military  Academy 
in  the  Class  of  1 847,  and  was  assigned  as  a  brevet 
second  lieutenant  to  the  Fifth  U.S.  Infantry,  then  serving 
in  the  war  with  Mexico.  Shortly  after  graduation  he 
proceeded  to  join  his  regiment  at  the  seal  of  war  in  the 
City  ol  Mexico;  but,  owing  to  a  virulent  attack  of  yellow 
fever  in  the  Castle  of  San  Juan  d'Ulloa,  off  the  coast  of 
Vera  Cruz,  he  did  not  reach  his  command  until  late  in 
the  fall  of  1847.  Shortly  after  joining  his  regiment  he 
volunteered  his  services  to  act  with  a  large  force  then 
fitting  out  in  the  City  of  Mexico  by  General  Scott  to 
open  up  the  route  between  that  city  and  Vera  Cruz,  which 
was  then  infested  by  large  bands  of  guerillas  under  the 
noted  guerilla  chief  Padre  Jurata.  He  served  with  dis- 
tinction, and  was  highly  commended  by  his  commanding 
officer,  General  Daniel  Ruggles,  fifth  Infantry,  for  his 
services  on  this  occasion.  On  his  return  from  Vera  Cruz 
he  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  second  lieutenant  in  the 
Second  U.  S.  Infantry,  and  served  creditably  with  this 
regiment  until  the  close  of  the  war.  Immediately  after 
this  war,  his  regiment  being  ordered  t<>  California,  he 
accompanied  it  to  its  destination,  arriving  at  San  Fran- 
cisco on  July  9,  1849,  after  a  long  and  disastrous  voyage 
of  six  months,  via  Cape  Plorn.  On  his  arrival  in  Cali- 
fornia he  was  ordered  with  his  company  to  cantonment 
Par-West,  in  the  foot-hills  of  the  Sierra  Nevada,  in  the 
northern  part  of  California.  Whilst  at  this  station  he 
performed,  in  addition  to  the  duties  of  company  com- 
mander, all  the  staff  duties  incidental  to  a  post  command. 
While  at  Par- West  he  took  an  active  part  in  numerous 
engagements  with  hostile  Indians  in   the  Sierra    Nevada 


Mountains.  On  June  30,  1850,  he  was  promoted  to  a 
first  lieutenancy  in  his  regiment,  and  joined  his  com- 
mand, then  on  the  Great  Colorado  Desert,  en  route  to  the 
junction  of  the  Gila  and  Colorado  Rivers.  Here,  again, 
in  addition  to  his  line  command,  he  performed  those  of 
staff  duties,  and  selected,  with  the  approval  of  the  com- 
manding officer,  General  (then  major)  Samuel  P.  Heintzel- 
man,  the  present  site  of  Port  Yuma.  He  served  three 
years  at  Yuma,  and  during  this  time  was  an  active  par- 
ticipant in  many  engagements  against  hostile  Indians, 
notably  the  Yumas,  Cocopas,  Mohaves,  etc.  His  ser- 
vices at  this  station  were  most  arduous,  and  owing  to 
these  and  exposure  in  tents  to  the  heat  of  this  exces- 
sively hot  climate  for  nearly  three  years,  frequently  with 
an  inadequate  supply  of  provisions,  his  health  was  com- 
pletely broken  down.  In  the  winter  of  1854  he  was 
ordered,  with  the  officers  of  his  regiment,  to  the  Atlantic 
sea-board,  to  recruit  his  regiment.  After  three  months' 
recruiting  service,  we  find  him  again  in  active  field  ser- 
vice at  Ports  Ridgely  and  Randall,  then  in  the  Indian 
country. 

In  the  spring  and  summer  of  1859  he  served  in  a 
campaign  on  the  plains  with  W.  T.  Sherman's  battery 
against  hostile  Sioux  Indians ;  and  in  the  winter  of  that 
year  was  ordered  with  his  company  to  Fort  Leaven- 
worth, making  an  overland  march  of  nearly  six  hundred 
and  fifty  miles. 

It  was  while  stationed  at  Leavenworth  that  he  was 
transferred  to  the  Second  U.  S.  Artillery,  and  for  the 
first  time,  in  nearly  fifteen  years  of  hard  service,  availed 
himself  of  his  first  leave  of  absence.  It  was  on  his 
return  from  this  leave,  to  join  Barry's  battery  at  Leav- 
enworth, that  he  sustained  at  Hannibal,  Missouri,  serious 
and  painful  external  and  internal  injuries.  He  was  taken 
from  there  to  Jefferson  Barracks,  and  after  a  painful  and 
lingering  confinement  of  nearly  two  years  to  his  post 
and  quarters,  again  resumed  such  duties  as  he  was  able 
to  perform,  viz. :  Chief  commissary  Department  of  the 
West,  on  the  staff  of  General  Fremont;  superintendent 
of  the  recruiting  service  for  the  State  of  Iowa,  and  duty 
in  the  office  of  the  provost-marshal  general. 

Believing  that  his  usefulness  as  an  officer  for  active 
field  service  had  gone  by,  he  reluctantly  went  upon  the 
retired  list  near  the  close  of  the  war;  but  continued  to 
perform  such  duties  as  his  health  and  condition  would 
permit,  until  1  870,  when,  by  a  general  order,  all  retired 
officers  were  relieved  from  duty. 

He  was  successively  brevetted  a  major,  lieutenant- 
colonel,  and  colonel  for  faithful  service  during  the  war 
of  the  Rebellion.  He  was  also  appointed  Register  of  the 
Virginia  Land  Office. 

By  the  advice  of  his  medical  officer  he  took  up  his 
residence  at  Aiken,  South  Carolina,  where  he  now  re- 
sides, in  very  feeble  health. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


195 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  AND  BREVET  COLONEL 
GUY  V.  HENRY,  U.S.A. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  and  Brevet  Colonel  Guy  V. 
Henry  was  born  at  Fort  Smith,  Indian  Territory,  March 
9,  1839.  lie  was  graduated  at  the  U.S.  Military  Acad- 
emy in  the  Class  of  1861,  at  the  breaking  out  of  the  war 
of  the  Rebellion,  and  assigned  as  a  second  lieutenant  to 
the  First  LT.  S.  Artillery.  He  served  with  distinction  in 
that  regiment  until  made  colonel  of  the  Fortieth  .Mas- 
sachusetts Infantry,  in  the  fall  of  1863,  and  continued 
throughout  the  war  with  that  command. 

The  attention  of  the  commanding  general  was  called 
"to  the  gallant  and  distinguished  services  of  Firsl 
Lieutenant  Guy  Y.  Henry"  in  the  battle  of  Pocotaligo, 
South  Carolina,  October  22,  1862,  and  again  to  the 
advance  led  by  Colonel  Henry,  of  the  Fortieth  Massa- 
chusetts Infantry,  into  Florida,  in  1864,  in  the  following 
words  by  General  Seymour:  "I  cannot  commend  too 
highly  the  brilliant  success  of  this  advance,  for  which 
great  credit  is  due  Colonel  Henry  and  his  command, 
and  1  earnestly  recommend  him  to  your  [General  Gill- 
mo  re's]  attentii  >n  as  a  most  deserving  and  energetic  officer." 
General  Seymour  again  complimented  <  !olonel  I  [enry, 
in  his  report  on  the  battle  of  Olustee,  as  follows: 
"Colonel  Henry  kept  his  cavalry  in  constant  activity, 
watching  and  neutralizing  that  of  the  enemy,  and  by 
important  and  gallant  services  before  and  after,  as  well 
as  during  the  battle,  was  eminently  useful.  I  desire  to 
recommend  him  to  you  [General  Gillmore]  as  a  highly 
deserving  officer." 

At  the  close  of  the  war,  when  Colonel  Henry  was 
mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service,  he  was  brevetted 
a  colonel  in  the  regular  army,  and  had  the  honor  con- 
ferred upon  him  of  being  made  a  brevet  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers. 

Since  the  war  Colonel  Henry  has  had  various  posi- 
tions of  trust  assigned  him  in  the  Indian  country  west  "I 
the  Missouri  River,  and  was  transferred  to  the  Third 
U.S.  Cavalry  in  1870,  reaching  the  grade  of  major  of  the 
Ninth  Cavalry  in  1 88 1.  While  in  the  cavalry  service 
he  has  not  only  endured  hard  campaign  duty,  but  has 
met  with  some  sad  misfortunes  while  in  the  performance 
of  it.  He  has  been  engaged  with  different  tribes  of 
Indians  in  Arizona,  Wyoming,  Utah,  Nebraska,  anil 
Dakota;  and  in  the  expedition  to  the  Black  Hills  in  the 
winter  of  1874  and  1875  he,  with  his  command,  was 
badly  frozen.  Notwithstanding  this  misfortune,  Colonel 
Henry  is  found  again  with  his  command  in  the  Big 
Horn  and  Yellowstone  expedition  of  1876,  where  he  was 
severely  wounded  through  the  face,  losing  the  use  of 
his  left  eye,  in  the  battle  of  Rosebud  Creek,  Montana. 
He  is  honorably  mentioned  in  General  Orders  by 
General  Crook  for  this  affair,  and  as  "carrying  on  his 
person    honorable    marks    of   distinction    in    the   severe 


0T 


wound  he  received  at  the  hands  of  the  enemy."  Before 
thoroughly  recovering  from  his  wounds,  he  is  found 
commanding  a  battalion  in  the  capture  of  Crazy  Horse 
Village  of  Sioux  Indians  in  1877. 

After  these  arduous  duties,  and  being  much  broken 
in  health,  Colonel  Henry  was  granted  leave  of  absence, 
and  made  an  extended  tour  through  Europe,  returning 
in  time,  however,  to  take  part  in  the  White  River  expe- 
dition from  September  to  December,  1879.  In  the  winter 
of  1890  he  commanded  the  Ninth  Cavalry  in  the  Sioux 
Indian  troubles  at  Pine  Ridge  Agency,  South  Dakota. 

In  addition  to  his  extensive  field  service.  Colonel 
Henry  was  an  instructor  at  the  Fort  Monroe  Artillery 
School  from  1867  to  1869;  was  a  member  of  an  artillery 
board  to  witness  experiments  with  heavy  guns  at  Fort 
Delaware  in  1868;  a  member  of  a  board  of  officers  to 
determine  and  fix  the  cavalry  accoutrements,  equipments, 
and  supplies  at  Fort  Leavenworth  in  1874;  and  member 
of  a  board  of  officers  to  determine  and  fix  on  cavalry 
accoutrements,  equipments,  and  supplies  at  Washington 
in  fuly,  18S2.  1  le  also  occupied  important  staff  positions 
during  and  since  the  war. 

Colonel  Henry  is  a  son  of  Major  William  Seaton 
Henry,  Third  U.  S.  Infantry,  and  grandson  of  Daniel 
D.  Tompkins,  who  was  twice  Governor  of  New  York 
and  Vice-President  of  the  United  States;  also  of  Smith 
Thompson,  who  was  Secretary  of  the  Navy  and  Judge 
of  the  Supreme  Court. 

Colonel  Henry  has  furnished  the  profession  with  the 
following  military  works:  "  Records  of  Civilian  Appoint- 
ments U.S.  Army,"  "Army  Catechism  for  Non-Commis- 
sioned  Officers  and  Soldiers,"  pamphlet  on  "  Target 
Practice,"  and  "  Practical  Information  for  Non-Commis- 
sioned  Officers  on  Field  Duty."  He  was  promoted  lieu- 
tenant-colonel Seventh  Cavalry  January  30,  1892,  and 
is  in  command  at  Fort  Myer,  Virginia. 


196 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARJfV  AXD   NA1T  [regular) 


MAJOR  JAMES  HENTON,   U.S.A. 

Major  James  Henton  (Twenty-third  Infantry)  was 
born  in  Liverpool,  England,  February  2,  [835.  He 
enlisted  in  the  Sixth  U.  S.  Infantry  November  22,  [853, 
and  served  at  Jefferson  Barracks  and  Fort  Riley,  Kansas, 
until  August,  1S54,  when  he  marched  with  his  company 
to  Fort  Laramie,  then  in  Nebraska  Territory  reaching 
that  post  in  the  subsequent  (  >ctober,  where  he  remained 
until  June  2j,  1857.  During  this  period  he  took  part  in 
several  expeditions,  under  General  Harney,  against  the 
Sioux  and  Cheyenne  Indians,  lie  participated  in  the 
expedition  against  the  Cheyennes,  under  Colonel  E.  V. 
Sumner,  and  was  engaged  in  the  action  at  Solomon's 
Fork  July  29,  1857.  On  the  breaking  up  of  this  expe- 
dition he  accompanied  several  companies  of  his  regiment 
to  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  and  did  duty  in  that  \  icinity 
as  posse  comitates  during  the  political  disturbances  of  that 
period,  until  April,  [858,  when  he  left  that  post  with  his 
entire  regiment  as  part  of  the  Mormon  expedition,  under 
General  Albeit  Sidney  Johnston.  In  August,  1858,  when 
this  expedition  was  over,  he  marched  with  his  regiment 
overland  to  Benicia  Barracks,  California,  reaching  the 
destination  about  the  6th  of  the  following  November, 
and  on  the  22d  of  the  latter  month  he  received  his 
discharge  for  expiration  of  term  of  service,  having  been 
previously  promoted  corporal,  sergeant,  and  first  sergeant. 

He  re-enlisted  at  Newport  Barracks,  Kentucky,  and 
became  a  lance-sergeant  of  the  Permanent  Party.  In 
December,  [860,  he  was  detached  and  placed  in  charge 
of  a  recruiting  rendezvous  at  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  under 
First  Lieutenant  J.  D.  O'Connell,  Second  Infantry.  In 
September,  1 861,  he  was  transferred  and  made  first  ser- 
geant of  Company  A,  Second  Battalion,  Fourteenth  In- 
fantry, at  Fort  Trumbull.  The  regiment  was  transferred  to 
Perryville,  Man-land,  soon  afterwards,  and  while  there 
he  was  appointed  second  lieutnant  hum  <  >ctobei'5,  [861. 


In  March,  1862,  Lieutenant  Henton,  with  his  regiment, 

proceeded  to  Washington,  D.  C,  and  formed  part  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  participating  in  the  campaigns  of 
that  army  until  August,  1863, being  engaged  in  the  siege 
of  Yorktown,  and  in  the  battles  of  Gaines'  Mill,  Mal- 
vern Hill,  second  Bull  Run,  Antietam,  Snicker's  Gap, 
Fredericksburg,  Chancellorsville,  and  Gettysburg. 

From  September,  1863,  to  March,  1865,  he  was  de- 
tached on  recruiting  service,  but  rejoining  his  regiment  at 
tin  latter  date,  in  the  field,  he  participated  in  the  operatii >ns 
terminating  with  the  surrender  of  General  Lee,  and  at 
the  close  of  the  war  was  brevetted  captain  "  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  conduct  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg, 
Pennsylvania." 

After  a  short  tour  of  duty  as  provost  guard  in  the 
city  of  Richmond,  the  regiment  was  concentrated  at 
Hart  Island,  New  York,  preparatory  to  moving  to  the 
Pacific  coast.  While  at  this  station  Lieutenant  Henton 
was  appointed  adjutant  of  the  Second  Battalion  of  the 
Fourteenth  Infantry,  and  in  that  capacity  proceeded,  on 
the  [6th  oi  August,  1865,  to  San  Francisco,  California, 
via  the  Isthmus  of  Panama,  reaching  the  former  place  on 
the  9th  of  the  following  September,  but  was  transferred 
to  Port  Vancouver,  Washington,  at  which  post  he  per- 
formed the  duties  of  adjutant  until  promoted  captain, 
November  4,  1865,  but  did  not  join  his  company  until 
March,  1866,  at  which  time  he  was  relieved  as  adjutant, 
and  took  station  at  Fort  Cape  Disappointment,  but  soon 
afterwards  was  ordered  to  Port  Boise,  Idaho.  Dur- 
ing the  year  [866  the  Second  Battalion  of  the  Four- 
teenth Infantry  became,  under  the  reorganization  law, 
the  Twenty-third  Infantry. 

In  October,  1866,  Captain  Henton's  station  was  changed 
to  Camp  Warner,  Oregon,  at  which  point  some  field  ser- 
vice was  had,  under  General  Crook,  against  the  Piute  and 
other  Indians.  He  was  then  transferred  to  Arizona  with 
his  company  in  June,  1872,  but  was  detailed  on  recruiting 
service  in  New  York  City*  from  January,  1873,  to  (  )ctober, 
[874.  Rejoining  his  company  at  Fort  Omaha  in  April, 
1875,  then  moving  to  Fort  Dodge,  Kansas,  he  served  there 
and  at  Port  Hays  and  Fort  Supply  to  1880.  In  May  of 
this  year  he  participated  in  General  Mackenzie's  expe- 
dition against  the  Ute  Indians. 

After  serving  at  Uncompahgre  Cantonment,  and  at 
Port  Union,  New  Mexico,  Captain  Henton  was  trans- 
ferred with  his  regiment  to  Michigan  in  18S4,  and  he 
took  station  at  Fort  Brady,  where  he  was  in  command 
until  May,  180,0,  when  the  regiment  was  transferred  to 
Texas,  the  captain  being  ordered  to  Fort  Davis,  reaching 
that  place  May  [4,  1890. 

Captain  Henton  was  promoted  major  January  31,1 89 1 , 
and  assigned  to  the  Twenty  third  Infantry,  and  in  May, 
1892,  moved  therefrom,  in  command  of  B  and  D  com- 
panies, to  Port  Bliss,  Texas,  his  present  station. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


197 


CAPTAIN  AND    BREVET   MAJOR  FRANK   W.   HESS, 

U.S.A. 

Captain  and  Brevet  Major  Frank  W.  Hess  (Third 
Artillery)  was  bom  in  Fulton  Count)-,  Pennsylvania, 
December  15,  1X36.  He  was  educated  in  the  common 
schools  of  his  count}-,  at  Milnwood  Academy  in  Hunt- 
ingdon Count}-,  and  at  Shryock's  school  in  Chambers- 
burg,  Pennsylvania.  He  taught  school  and  studied  law, 
and  was  thus  engaged  when  the  war  of  the  Rebellion 
commenced.  He  joined  one  of  the  companies  that  re- 
sponded to  the  first  call  for  troops  as  it  passed  through 
the  village  where  he  was  teaching.  On  arrival  at  the 
rendezvous  men  enough  had  joined,  while  en  route,  to 
make  two  companies.  Of  one  he  was  made  captain,  and 
ordered  to  duty  with  General  Patterson's  column  in  t he- 
valley  of  Virginia,  lie  was  honorably  discharged,  with 
this  company  in  August,  1861,  and  re-entered  the  service 
as  a  lieutenant  in  the  Third  Penn.  Cavalry  in  Sept.,  ami 
served  with  it  during  the  remainder  of  the  war,  being 
honorably  mustered  out  in  Aug,  1865,  as  its  major. 

He  participated  in  thirty-eight  battles  and  skirmishes. 
(For  names  of  these,  see  "  Powell's  Record  of  Living 
Officers.")  He  was  appointed  a  first  lieutenant  in  the 
Eleventh  Infantry  February  23,  1866,  and  transferred  in 
that  year  to  the  Twenty-ninth.  In  1870  he  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  artillery  arm,  and  assigned  to  the  Third 
Regiment,  in  which  he  attained  his  captaincy  in   1886. 

lie  was  stationed  in  Texas  during  the  reconstruction 
period,  and  served  as  mayor  of  the  city  of  Marshall  and 
military  commissioner  of  Harrison  Count)-,  and  made 
decisions  in  man\-  important  cases  of  litigation,  perform- 
ing the  delicate  and  difficult  duties  of  a  civil  office  so  as 
to  meet  the  approval  of  his  superiors  and  gain  the  friend- 
ship of  all  law-abiding  citizens. 

Of  his  services,  in  the  report  of  the  operations  of  his 


brigade  at  Malvern  Hill,  General  Warren  say: 


Lieu- 


tenant Hess,  of  the  cavalry,  reported  to  me  with  a  pla- 
toon, was  pushed  forward  till  the  enemy's  pickets  were 
reached.  Throughout  the  day  he  continued  to  observe 
the  enemy  in  front,  while  the  fierce  battle  was  going  on 
to  our  right,  and  rendered  most  valuable  service." 

This  day  was  spent  under  a  severe  shell-fire  from  our 
own  gun-boats  in  the  river,  which  were  attempting  to 
reach  the  enemy  over  the  heads  of  this  little  command, 
in  which  one  man  and  several  horses  were  killed. 

General  Averell,  reporting  the  result  of  a  reconnoissance 
to  and  fight  at  White-Oak-Swamp  Bridge,  August  5, 
1862,  says:  "I  am  particularly  indebted  to  Lieutenant 
Hess,  Third  Pennsylvania  Cavalry,  my  acting  aide  on  the 
occasion,  for  his  readiness  in  carrying  orders  and  placing 
the  squadrons  and  guns  in  position." 

In  a  letter  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  General  George 
G.  Meade,  commanding  Army  of  the  Potomac,  says  : 
"  Major  Hess  served  as  major  of  the  Third  Pennsylvania 


Cavalry  whilst  that  regiment  was  on  duty  at  the  head- 
quarters of  the  arm)-.  During  this  period  it  was  fre- 
quently called  on  by  me  to  perform  picket,  scouting,  and 
other  duties,  giving  me  an  opportunity  to  become  per- 
sonally acquainted  with  the  manner  in  which  Major 
Hess  discharged  his  duties.  I  take  pleasure  in  stating 
that  he  was  active,  intelligent,  and  faithful,  and  recom- 
mend him  for  appointment  in  the  regular  army." 

General  George  P.  Buell,  on  the  10th  of  August,  1868, 
in  a  letter  to  the  War  Department,  says  of  him  :  "  He  is 
one  of  the  most  efficient  officers  of  the  regriment  of  Food 
education,  zealous  in  discharge  of  his  duty,  proud  of  his 
profession,  and  deeply  attached  to  his  country." 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Owen,  who  commanded  the  Third 
Pennsylvania  Cavalry  in  the  Antietam  campaign,  in  a 
letter  to  the  adjutant-general,  said  :  "Captain  Hess  dis- 
tinguished himself  by  his  sound  judgment  and  personal 
bravery,  and  at  all  times  by  his  fidelity  to  the  interests  of 
the  service.  At  Antietam,  when  Hooker  was  wounded 
and  his  command  repulsed,  Captain  Hess  was  one  of  the 
last  to  leave  the  field,  and  principally  through  his  exer- 
tions a  section  of  artillery  was  removed  when  the  enemy 
were  within  a  few  yards  of  it." 

General  J.  B.  Mcintosh  says,  in  an  official  paper:  "I 
can  testify  to  his  gallant  conduct  in  every  action  in  which 
his  regiment  was  engaged." 

General  A.  S.  Webb  said,  October  31,  1868,  to  the 
adjutant-general  of  the  army:  "Major  Hess,  when  on 
duty  with  his  regiment  at  head-quarters  of  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac,  was  specially  commended  by  Major-Gen- 
eral Meade,  commanding  that  army,  and  by  myself  as 
chief  of  staff,  for  distinguished  gallantry,  enterprise,  and 
zeal  in  opening  communications  between  corps  in  the 
vicinity  of  Hatcher's  Run.  General  Meade  will  sanction 
this  use  of  his  name,  since  this  was  not  the  only  occasion 
on  which  Major  Hess  distinguished  himself." 


198 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular, 


COLONEL-COMMANDANT  CHARLES   HEYWOOD, 
U.S.M.C. 

Colonel-Commandant  Charles  Heyvvood  was  burn 
in  Maine,  [839;  appointed  from  New  York,  April,  1858. 
At  the  marine  barracks,  at  Washington,  and  at  Brook- 
lyn, during  that  year,  and  served  in  the  quarantine 
riots  at  Staten  Island.  On  special  duty  in  "  Niagara," 
and  in  "St.  Louis,"  of  Home  Squadron,  looking  after 
the  filibusters,  under  Walker.  Invalided  from  Aspin- 
wall,  January,  i860.  Afterwards  ordered  to  sloop-of- 
war  "Cumberland,"  flag-ship  "I  Squadron  of  Observa- 
tion, at  Vera  Cruz.  In  March,  [861,  the  "Cumberland" 
returned  to  Hampton  Km. ids,  and  there  at  the  time  of 
the  destruction  of  the  Norfolk  Navy- Yard.  Heywood 
was  promoted  to  first  lieutenant  May,  1861  ;  landed  with 
marines  at  Hatteras  Inlet,  ami  present  at  the  capture  of 
Forts  Clark  and  1  latter. is. 

Promoted  to  captain  in  the  Marine  Corps  November, 
1S61  ;  on  a  number  of  boat  expeditions  in  the  lames 
River  during  winter  of  1861-62;  was  on  board  the 
"  Cumberland"  during  the  fight  with  the  ram  "  Merri- 
mac"  and  consorts,  March  8,  1862,  and  most  favorably 
mentioned  for  gallant  conduct.  For  some  time  alter  this 
Captain  Heywood  was  actively  employed,  both  on  shore 
and  in  the  search  for  the  "Alabama,"  and  then  applied 
for  duty  on  board  the  flag  ship  "Hartford,"  and  was 
ordered  as  licet  marine  offii  1  r  of  West  Gulf  Squadron; 
served  with  the  marines  on  shore,  at  Pensacola.  On 
board  the  "  Hartford"  at  the  battle  of  Mobile  Bay.  Had 
command  of  two  nine  inch  guns,  and  was  favorably 
mentioned. 

Commanded  Fort  Powell,  after  its  capture;  marine 
barracks,  Brooklyn,  and  Recruiting  Rendezvous  Phila- 
delphia, [865  ;  brevi  ts  of  major  and  lieutenant-colonel  for 
distinguished  gallantry  in  the  presence  of  the  enemy. 


Ordered  to  command  of  marine  barracks,  navy-yard, 
Washington,  1865  ;  fleet  marine  officer  under  Admiral 
Farragut,  European  Station,  1867;  command  of  marine 
barracks  at  Washington,  and  at  Norfolk;  and  fleet 
marine  officer  of  the  North  Atlantic  Squadron.  In  Jan- 
uary, 1X74,  was  attached  to  the  flag-ship  "Wabash," 
and  commanded  the  marines  during  all  the  shore  drills 
carried  on  by  the  navy  at  Key  West  and  elsewhere. 
Was  attached  to  the  marine  barracks  at  Brooklyn,  when, 
in  June,  1874,  he  was  ordered  to  New  Orleans  to  report 
to  Admiral  Mullany,  as  fleet  marine  officer  of  the  North 
Atlantic  Station;  was  attached  to  that  admiral's  staff 
during  the  troubles  of  that  year  in  New  Orleans.  After 
serving  in  the  "Worcester"  and  the  "Hartford,"  was 
detached,  and  again  ordered  to  Brooklyn  Barracks,  in 
September,  [876. 

In  November,  1876,  he  attained  the  substantive  rank 
of  major,  to  which  he  had  been  brcvetted  more  than 
ten  years  before,  and  ordered  to  command  the  marine 
barracks  at  Washington.  In  July  and  August,  1877, 
had  command  of  a  battalion  of  marines  at  Baltimore, 
Philadelphia,  and  at  Reading,  Pennsylvania,  during  the 
very  serious  labor  riots  of  that  summer.  Honorably 
mentioned  by  General  Hancock,  who  was  in  general 
command.  The  state  of  the  battalion  for  efficiency, 
neatness,  and  general  soldierly  bearing  was  commented 
upon  by  all  who  were  capable  of  judging  of  such 
matters.  Colonel  and  Medical  Director  Cinder,  of  the 
Division  of  the  Atlantic,  in  his  official  report,  com- 
mended their  condition  in  every  respect,  in  spite  of  the 
hard  duty  they  had  suddenly  imposed  upon  them.  He 
said,  "  It  is  quite  remarkable  that  men  performing  such 
service  are  able  to  keep  themselves  and  their  arms,  etc., 
so  clean."  "The  officers  evidently  take  pride  in  looking 
after  the  health  and  comfort  of  the  men." 

In  general  orders,  General  Hancock,  who  knew  what 
a  soldier  should  be,  bore  testimony  to  this  battalion's 
" soldierly  bearing,  excellent  discipline,  and  devotion  to 
duty"  during  a  veiy  trying  time,  and  especially  men- 
tioned "  Major  Charles  Heywood,  of  the  marines."  In 
[880  Major  Heywood  went  to  the  marine  barracks  at 
Mare  Island,  and  returned  to  the  command  of  the 
Brooklyn  Barracks  in  1883.  In  1 885,  by  telegraphic 
order,  and  within  twenty-four  hours,  equipped  two  hun- 
dred and  fifty  men  to  go  to  Panama,  to  open  the  transit, 
and  protect  American  lives  and  property.  After  reach- 
ing  the  Isthmus  Colonel  Heywood  was  reinforced,  and 
had  under  his  command  nearly  eight  hundred  marines, 
and  a  strong  detachment  of  sailors,  with  artillery.  For 
the  arduous  service  there  the  admiral  commanding  asked 
1  olonel  Heywood  to  "receive  his  grateful  acknowledg- 
ments." 

Colonel    Heyw 1    is    now   the    commandant  of  the 

Marine  Corps  of  the  L  nited  States. 


WHO  SERVED    IN   THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


199 


MAJOR  JOHN   HENLEY   HIGBEE,   U.S.M.C. 

Major  John  Henlev  Higbee  was  born  in  New  York 
(  itv  September  1  I,  1839.  He  is  the  son  of  the  late  Rev. 
Dr.  Edward  Y.  Higbee,  of  Trinity  Church,  New  York. 
On  his  mother's  side  he  is  descended  from  the  Henley 
and  Dandridge  families  of  Virginia.  Leonard  Henley, 
Major  Higbee's  great-grandfather,  married  Elizabeth 
Dandridge,  the  sister  of  Martha  Washington.  Commo- 
dore John  Dandridge  Henley,  U.  S.  Navy,  grandfather  of 
Major  Higbee,  and  nephew  of  Mrs.  Washington,  received 
his  warrant  as  midshipman  from  the  hands  of  General 
Washington  himself. 

Major  Higbee's  grandaunt,  Mis.  Francis  Dandridge 
Lear,  a  niece  of  Mis.  Washington,  married  Colonel  Lear, 
military  secretary  of  General  Washington,  and  lived  for 
many  years  with  General  and  Mrs.  Washington  at 
Mount  Vernon.  Major  Higbee  entered  the  Marine 
Corps  as  second  lieutenant  March  9,  1861.  In  June  of 
the  same  year  he  was  ordered  to  the  LT.  S.  S.  "Vin- 
cennes,"  West  Gulf  Blockading  Squadron.  lie  was  com- 
missioned as  first  lieutenant  September  1,  1861.  While 
attached  to  the  "  Vincennes,"  he  was  sent  upon  a  number 
of  expeditions  up  the  Blackwater  River,  Florida,  in  com- 
pany with  detachments  of  the  army.  Joined  the  U.  S.  S. 
flag-ship  "  I  Iartford,"  Admiral  Farragut,  September,  1862. 
Took  part  in  the  battles  of  Port  Hudson,  Vicksburg, 
Warrenton,  and  Grand  Gulf,  March  14,  19,  21,  23,  and 
28,  1863;  bombardment  of  Port  Hudson  Ma}-  27,  [863, 
and  was  present  at  the  surrender  of  the  latter  place  ; 
was  brevetted  captain  for  'gallantry  in  battle  May  25, 
1863. 

During  the  month  of  April,  1 863,  while  the  "  Hartford" 
was  blockading  the  mouth  of  the  Red  River,  First  Lieu- 
tenant Higbee  was  selected  by  Admiral  Farragut  to  per- 
form picket  duty.  The  admiral  expected  a  night  attack 
by  the  rebel  ram  fleet,  then  at  Alexandria,  and  after  dark 
Lieutenant  Higbee  was  sent,  every  other  night,  about 
three  miles  up  river  in  a  canoe  paddled  by  two  contra- 
bands. He  was  provided  with  rockets  to  signal  the 
"  Hartford"  in  case  of  any  movement  on  the  part  of  the 
rebel  fleet.  In  going  up  river,  Lieutenant  Higbee  was 
obliged  to  pass  close  to  a  rebel  picket,  making  the  duty 
extremely  hazardous.     Lieutenant-Colonel  Broome,  then 


Captain  Broome,  at  the  time  in  command  of  the  marines 
of  Admiral  Farragut's  fleet,  states  as  follows:  "  I  know 
there  was  no  individual  service  rendered  by  any  one 
moie  gallant  and  hazardous  during  the  war  of  the  Re- 
bellion." 

Lieutenant  Higbee  was  ordered  to  marine  barracks, 
New  York,  August,  1S63.  Commissioned  captain  June 
IO,  1S64.  Receiving-ship  "  North  Carolina,"  1864;  ma- 
rine barracks,  Norfolk,  Virginia,  1865;  flag-ship  "New 
Hampshire,"  1S65-66;  marine  barracks,  New  York, 
1866;.  marine  recruiting  rendezvous,  1866-68;  marine 
barracks,  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  1868-69;  marine- 
barracks,  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  1869;  fleet  marine- 
officer,  Pacific  Station,  1870-73;  marine  barracks,  Mare- 
Island,  California,  1S71;  marine  barracks,  Portsmouth, 
New  Hampshire,  1873—78;  fleet  marine-officer,  Asiatic 
Station,  1878-81  ;  marine  barracks,  Boston,  Massachu- 
setts, 1881-82;  marine  barracks,  navy-yard,  Washing- 
ton, D.  C,  1883-86;  commanded  Second  Battalion  of 
marines  on  Isthmus  of  Panama,  April,  1S85  ;  marine 
barracks,  Norfolk,  Virginia,  1886;  marine  barracks, 
Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  18S8-92  ;  commissioned 
as  major  1 8th  of  August,  1 889.  At  present,  March, 
1892,  commanding  marine  barracks,  Portsmouth,  New 
Hampshire. 


20O 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN   WILLIAM    HOFFMAN,  U.S.A. 

Captain  William  Hoffman  was  bom  in  Maine  Feb- 
ruary [8,  1839.  An  a  soldier,  he  graduated  on  the 
battle-field  in  that  distinguished  and  well-remembered 
regiment,  the  Fifth  New  York  Volunteer  Infantry  (Dur- 
yea's  Zouaves).  lie  enlisted  in  the  New  York  State 
service  April  23,  1861,  and  was  mustered  into  the  United 
States  service  as  sergeant,  Company  G,  May  9,  [861. 

He  participated  in  the  affair  of  Big  Bethel,  the  affair  at 
Pamunkey  Bridge,  the  battles  of  Hanover  Court-]  louse, 
Gaines'  Mill,  White  Oak  Swamp,  Charles  City  Cross- 
Roads,  and  Malvern  Hill. 

He  was  appointed  second  lieutenant,  Fifth  New  York- 
Volunteer  Infantry,  July  26,  [862,  "for  gallant  and  meri- 
torious conduct  upon  the  field  of  battle.'' 

He  participated  in  the  battle  of  Manassas  Plains  (sec- 
ond Bull  Run),  where  lie  received  three  severe  rifle-ball 
wounds, — one  through  the  left  arm,  grazing  the  bone; 
cmc  under  left  shoulder-blade,  glancing  on  ribs;  and  one 
through  the  fleshy  portion  of  right  thigh  ;  and  in  this  same 


battle  his  brother  Edward  was  killed  beside  him  (see 
"  Rebellion  Records,"  Series  I.,  Vol.  II.,  Part  II.,  page  504). 

lie  was  promoted  to  first  lieutenant,  Fifth  New  York 
Volunteer  Infantry,  September  24,  1862,  "  for  gallant  ser- 
vices upon  the  field  of  battle.'' 

He  rejoined  his  regiment  in  ten  weeks,  and  before  his 
wounds  were  healed. 

lie  participated  in  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg;  was 
promoted  to  captain,  Company  B,  Fifth  New  York  Vol- 
unteer Infantry,  January  23,  1863;  participated  in  the 
battle  of  Chancellorsville  ;  and  was  mustered  out  with 
regiment,  at  expiration  of  term  of  service,  May  14,  1863. 

I  le  was  ever  at  the  post  of  duty  and  danger  with  this 
1  elebrated  regiment,  and  he  still  bears  an  enviable  repu- 
tation among  the  few  survivors  of  the  brave  comrades 
of  those  days. 

As  soon  as  he  was  mustered  out  he  began  recruitiner 
in  New  York  City,  and  raised  Battery  B,  Thirteenth  New 
York  Artillery,  and  was  mustered  into  the  Lnited  States 
service  as  its  captain  August  29,  1863.  He  served  about 
two  years  with  this  company  in  the  defences  of  Ports- 
mouth, Virginia,  and  participated  in  a  successful  raid 
upon  Murphree's  Station,  Virginia.  He  commanded  the 
infantry  column  of  the  expedition,  numbering  about  three 
hundred  men. 

He  did  valuable  service  as  chief  of  the  military  police 
at  Norfolk",  Virginia;  and  commanded  Forts  Reno  and 
Cushing  in  the  defences  of  Portsmouth, — about  one  year 
in  each  case. 

About  August  1,  1865,  he  took  station  at  Washington, 
D.  C,  and  was  placed  in  command  of  Fort  De  Russy. 

He  was  mustered  out  with  his  regiment,  near  New 
York  City,  August  24,  1865. 

Upon  his  personal  application  alone,  he  was  appointed 
second  lieutenant,  Eleventh  LT.  S.  Infantry,  .May  1 1,  1866. 
lie  was  transferred  to  Twenty-ninth  Infantry  September 
21,  [866,  anil  promoted  first  lieutenant  June  25,  1S67; 
transferred  to  Eleventh  Infantry  April  25,  1869,  and  pro- 
moted captain  April  24,  1S86. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


20 1 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL  SAMUEL  B.  HOLABIRD,  U.S.A. 
(retired). 

Brigadier-General  Samuel  B.  Holabird  was  born 
in  Connecticut  June  \(\  iSjCi,  and  graduated  from  the 
Military  Academy  July  1,  1849.     He  was  promoted  brevet 

second  lieutenant  First  Infantry  the  same  day,  and  second 
lieutenant  June  10,  1850.  He  served  on  frontier  duty, 
and  was  regimental  quartermaster  from  July  I,  1852,  to 
May  31,  1858.  He  was  then  detailed  on  recruiting  ser- 
vice for  two  years,  when  lie  was  ordered  to  the  Military 
Academy,  and  was  adjutant  thereof  from  September  2, 
185^,  to  May  13,  1861.  Me  was  promoted  first  lieutenant 
May  31,  1855.  On  May  13,  1 861,  he  was  appointed  cap- 
tain and  assistant  quartermaster;  Jul}'  2,  1862,  appointed 
major  and  additional  aide-de-camp,  and  Jul}-  11,  1862, 
colonel  and  additional  aide-de-camp.  He  was  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  volunteers  and  inspector-general  of  General 
Dix's  division  (First  Division  of  New  York  Volunteers), 
May  [-13,  1 86 1. 

General  Holabird  served  during  the  war  of  the  Rebel- 
linn  as  quartermaster  at  Harrisburg,  Pennsylvania,  from 
May  29  to  June  10,  [861 ;  in  the  field,  at  Hagerstown, 
Maryland,  with  Patterson's  columns,  to  August  13,  1861  ; 
at  Frederick,  Maryland,  to  March  31,  1862;  chief  quar- 
termaster of  the  division  commanded  by  Major-General 
Banks  to  June,  1862  ;  chief  quartermaster  Second  Army 
Corps,  under  General  Pope,  to  October,  1862,  partici- 
pating in  the  campaign  of  Northern  Virginia  and  the 
subsequent  Maryland  campaign.  He  was  then  assigned 
to  duty  in  New  York  City,  engaged  in  fitting  out  the 
Banks  Expedition,  which  he  accompanied  to  Ship  Island, 
Mississippi,  ami  was  then  made  chief  quartermaster  of 
the  Department  of  the  Gulf,  which  he  retained  until 
July,  1S65,  participating  in  the  mean  time  in  the  siege  of 
Port  I  Iudson,  Louisiana.  He  was  then  made  depot  quar- 
termaster at  New  Orleans,  and  subsequently  chief  quar- 
termaster of  the  Department  of  Louisiana,  until  March, 
1866.  He  was  honorably  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer 
service  May  31,  1866,  and  on  the  29th  of  July  of  that 
year  he  was  appointed  lieutenant-colonel  and  deputy 
quartermaster-general,  and  ordered  to  Washington,  D.C. 

General  Holabird  was  brevetted  major,  lieutenant-colo- 
nel, and  brigadier-general  March  13,  1865,  for  "  faithful 
and  meritorious  services  during  the  war." 


He  was  relieved  from  duty  in  Washington  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1867,  and  assigned  as  chief  quartermaster  of  the 
Department  of  Dakota,  where  he  remained  until  April 
1 8,  1872,  and  was  then  transferred  as  chief  quarter- 
master of  the  Department  of  Texas  to  August  15,  1875. 
On  October  31,  1875,  he  was  chief  quartermaster  of  the 
Military  Division  of  the  Missouri,  and  on  May  6,  1878, 
became  chief  quartermaster  of  the  Military  Division  of 
the  Pacific  and  Department  of  California,  serving  at  San 
Francisco  to  October  15,  1879,  when  he  was  ordered  once 
more  to  Washington,  D.  C,  and  placed  on  duty  in  the 
quartermaster-general's  office.  He  was  promoted  colo- 
nel and  assistant  quartermaster-general  January  22,  1881. 

On  being  relieved  from  duty  in  Washington  April  30, 
18S2,  he  was  placed  in  charge  of  the  general  depot  of 
the  Quartermaster's  Department  at  Philadelphia,  Penn- 
sylvania, which  he  retained  until  July  2,  1883,  when  the 
President  appointed  him  quartermaster-general,  with  the 
rank  of  brigadier-general,  and  he  was  ordered  to  Wash- 
ington, where  he  remained  on  duty  until  retired,  by  oper- 
ation of  law,  June  16,  1890. 

General  Holabird  was  ever  alert  to  the  needs  of  the 
army,  and  while  occupying  the  position  of  quartermaster- 
general  introduced  many  reforms  to  improve  the  condi- 
tion of  the  enlisted  men,  supplying  them  with  comforts 
and  conveniences  which  soldiers  could  scarcely  have 
dreamed  of  a  quarter  of  a  century  before. 


26 


202 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular; 


COMMANDER  EDWARD  HOOKER,  U.S.N. 
(retired). 

Commander  Edward  Hooker  was  born  in  Connec- 
ticut in  [822,  and  bred  to  the  sea  in  the  merchant  marine, 
commanding  a  ship  when  twenty-three  years  old.  One  of 
the  earliest  volunteers  for  the  naval  service  in  the  Civil 
War,  he  was  appointed  acting  master  in  July,  i86t.  His 
first  service  was  in  the  gun-boat  "  Louisiana,"  and,  while 
attached  to  that  vessel,  he  was  severely  wounded  during 
a  boat  expedition  October  5,  1861.  He  was  the  first 
officer  of  his  grade  wounded  during  the  war,  and,  as  years 
roll  round,  these  wounds  are  causing  him  serious  incon- 
venience. 

He  took  an  active  part  in  the  Burnside  Expedition 
while  in  the  "Louisiana."  At  New  Berne  that  vessel 
fired  the  fust  and  last  shut  of  the  action.  Soon  after 
the  capture  of  New  Berne  he  became  the  executive- 
officer  of  the  "Louisiana."  At  the  time  of  the  Con- 
federate attack  upon  Washington,  North  Carolina,  in 
September,  1S62,  the  ship  was  fought  by  Commander 
Hooker,  in  the  absence  of  the  commanding  officer, 
in  a  manner  which  caused  high  commendation  from 
commanding  officers  of  our  own  forces.  The  Con- 
federate view  of  the  matter  we  can  give  from  the  Raleigh 
Standard,  although  space  requires  us  to  condense  the 
article.  The  paper  speaks  of  the  affair  as  "disgraceful" 
to  some  concerned  on  the  Confederate  side.  "  It  is  said 
that  we  lost  three  hundred,  killed  and  wounded,  among 
them  four  captains.  Our  forces  held  the  town  about  two 
hours,  but  were  forced  to  retire  by  the  Yankee  gun-boat 
'Louisiana.'  .  .  .  Our  forces  engaged  consisted  of  the 
Seventeenth  and  Fifty-fifth  North  Carolina  Regiments, 
two  artillery  companies,  ami  six  companies  of  cavalry, 
amounting  to  some  three  thousand  altogether.  .  .  .  Were 


it  not  for  the  gun-boat  the  Union  garrison  would  have 
been  captured,"  for  the  town  was  surprised  at  daybreak, 
the  fortifications  captured,  and  the  guns  turned  on  the 
garrison.  The  rapidity  and  accuracy  of  fire  of  the 
"  Louisiana"  drove  the  Confederates  off,  after  they  were 
in  full  possession. 

for  gallantry  on  this  occasion,  Commander  Hooker 
was  made  acting  volunteer  lieutenant,  to  date  from  the 
day  of  the  action,  lie  was  then  ordered  to  a  command 
in  the  blockade  off  Wilmington,  and  soon  after  to  the 
command  of  a  division  of  the  Potomac  Flotilla,  in  which 
command  he  continued  until  the  end  of  the  war.  In 
[864  he  was  ordered,  with  his  division,  to  co-operate 
with  General  Grant's  army,  and  to  clear  the  Rappahan- 
nock River,  so  that  transports  could  reach  Fredericks- 
burg. This  duty  he  performed,  and  he  remained  at 
Fredericksburg  until  it  was  evacuated  by  our  forces. 
llis  ship  being  then  in  urgent  need  of  repairs,  Com- 
mander Hooker  was  sent  by  Commander  Foxhall 
Parker,  commanding  the  flotilla,  to  the  Washington 
Navy- Yard,  being  then  promoted  to  acting  volunteer 
lieutenant-commander. 

After  the  war  closed  he  was  at  the  New  York  Navy- 
Yard.  He  then  took  the  store-ship  "  Idaho"  to  the 
Asiatic  Squadron,  and  while  there  was  transferred  from 
the  volunteer  to  the  regular  navy  list.  Commissioned 
lieutenant  March,  1868,  and  lieutenant-commander  De- 
cember, 1868.  He  was,  after  this,  captain  of  the  yard  at 
League  Island,  assistant  light-house  inspector,  and  other 
duties,  until  in  February,  1884,  while  on  duty  at  the  Naval 
Home,  at  Philadelphia,  he  was  promoted  to  commander. 
In  December  of  that  year  he  was  placed  upon  the  retired 
list  by  operation  of  law.  Since  then  he  has  resided  in 
Brooklyn,  New  York. 

Commander  Hooker  is  a  lineal  descendant  of  the 
Reverend  Thomas  Hooker,  who  founded  the  colony  of 
Connecticut  and  the  present  city  of  Hartford,  in  1636. 
lie  is  also  descended  from  the  first  mayor  of  the  city  ol 
New  York.  Ilis  grandfather  was  a  colonel  of  the  Revo- 
lutionary War,  and  his  grandmother  was  a  daughter  of 
Major  Griswold,  a  noted  cavalry  officer  in  the  French 
War.  His  father  was  a  graduate  of  Yale,  and,  after  a 
connection  with  Columbia  College,  Smith  Carolina,  de- 
voted his  life  to  scientific  farming  and  to  literature,  in 
Connecticut. 

Commander  Hooker  is  a  Companion  of  the  Loyal 
Legion,  member  of  Rankin  Post,  No.  10,  Grand  Army, 
Connecticut  Society  of  Sons  of  the  Revolution,  the 
Brooklyn  New  England  Society,  Brooklyn  Library  Asso- 
ciation,  Long  Island  Historical  Society,  and  Rhode 
Island  Marine  Society,  and  honorary  member  of  other 
societies;  a  member  of  Aurora  Grata  Club,  Brooklyn, 
and  an  active  member  of  the  Brooklyn  Association  of 
Masonic  Veterans. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


203 


BRIGADIER-  AND  BREVET  MAJOR-GENERAL  JOSEPH 
HOOKER,   U.S.A.  (deceased). 

Brigadier-  and  Brevet  Major-General  Joseph 
Hooker  was  born  in  Massachusetts  and  graduated  from 
the  Military  Academy  July  I,  1837.  He  was  promoted 
second  lieutenant  of  the  First  .Artillery  the  same  day, 
and  first  lieutenant  November  1,  1S38.  He  served  in  the 
Florida  War  of  1837—38,  and  then  was  on  the  Maine 
frontier  at  Houlton,  pending  disputed  territory  contro- 
versy in  1838  ;  and  afterwards,  during  the  Canada  border 
disturbances,  at  Swanton,  Vermont,  and  Rouse's  Point, 
lasting  until  1840.  After  a  short  tour  in  garrison  at  Fort 
Columbus,  he  was  adjutant  of  the  Military  Academy 
from  July  1  to  October  3,  1841.  He  was  adjutant  of  the 
First  Artillery  from  September  11,  1 841,  to  May  11,1  846. 

He  participated  in  the  war  with  Mexico  on  the  staff  of 
Brigadier-General  P.  F.  Smith,  and  of  Brigadier-General 
liarmar,  in  1846,  and  aide-de-camp  to  Major-General 
Butler  in  1847,  and  as  assistant  adjutant-general  of 
Major-General  Pillow's  division  in  1847-48,  being  en- 
gaged in  the  battle  of  Monterey;  defence  of  the  convoy 
at  the  National  Bridge;  skirmish  of  La  Hoya;  battles 
of  Contreras  and  Churubusco,  Molino  del  Rey,  and 
storming  of  Chapultepec,  for  which  he  was  brevetted  cap- 
tain, major,  and  lieutenant-colonel.  He  was  appointed 
brevet  captain  of  staff  (assistant  adjutant-general)  March 
3,  1847,  and  was  assistant  adjutant-general  of  the  Sixth 
Military  Department  from  September  13  to  October  2.S, 
184S;  and  of  the  Pacific  Division  June  9,  1849,  to 
November  24,  1851.  lie  was  promoted  captain  of  the 
First  Artillery  October  29,  1848,  which  he  vacated.  He 
was  on  leave  of  absence  in  1851—53,  and  resigned  from 
the  army  February  21,  1853. 

Upon  leaving  the  arm}-  Colonel  Hooker  went  to  farm- 
ing near  Sonoma,  California ;  was  superintendent  of 
military  roads  in  Oregon  in  1 85 8-59,  and  colonel  of 
California  militia  in  1859-61.  At  the  commencement  of 
the  war  of  the  Rebellion  lie  tendered  his  services  to  the 
government  and  was  appointed  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
unteers May  17,  1 86 1.  He  served  in  the  defences  of 
Washington  City,  and  in  guarding  the  Lower  Potomac 
to  March  io,  1862,  when  he  commanded  a  division  in 
the  Peninsula  campaign  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 
He  was  appointed  major-general  of  volunteers  May  5, 
1862,  and  was  engaged  in  the  siege  of  Yorktown ;  bat- 
tles of  Williamsburg  and  Fair  Oaks;  combat  on  the 
Williamsburg  Road ;  battles  of  Glendale,  Malvern  Hill, 
and  reoccupation  and  action  of  the  same  place  August 
5,  1862.  He  commanded  a  division  in  the  Northern 
Virginia  campaign,  and  was  engaged  in  the  action  of 
Bristoe  Station  ;  battles  of  second  Bull  Run  and  Chan- 
tilly.  He  commanded  the  First  Army  Corps  in  the 
Maryland  campaign,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of 
South  Mountain  and  Antietam,  where  he  was  severely 


wounded,  and  was,  in  consequence,  on  sick-leave  to 
November  10,  1862,  when  he  rejoined  the  army,  and  was 
in  command  of  the  Fifth  Corps  to  November  16;  of  the 
Centre  Grand  Division  (Third  and  Fifth  Corps)  to  Janu- 
ary 26,  1863,  and  then  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
being  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  action  at 
Kelly's  Ford,  and  battle  of  Chancellorsville  ;  and  then  in 
pursuit  of  the  enemy  to  Pennsylvania,  to  June  28,  1863, 
when  he  relinquished  command  of  the  army,  which  had 
been  engaged  in  the  action  of  Brandy  Station  and  skir- 
mishes at  Aldie,  Middleburg,  and  Upperville. 

General  Hooker  received  the  thanks  of  Congress, 
January  28,  1864,  "  for  the  skill,  energy,  and  endurance 
which  first  covered  Washington  and  Baltimore  from  the 
meditated  blow  of  the  advancing  and  powerful  army  of 
rebels  led  by  General  Robert  E.  Lee,"  and  was  appointed 
brigadier-general  U.  S.  Army  September  20,  1862. 

From  June  28  to  September  24,  1863,  General  Hooker 
was  on  waiting  orders  at  Baltimore,  Maryland,  and  was 
then  assigned  to  command  the  Eleventh  and  Twelfth 
Army  Corps  (consolidated  afterwards  into  the  Twentieth 
Corps),  and  participated  in  the  operations  of  the  Western 
army,  being  engaged  in  all  the  actions  of  that  army  from 
Chattanooga  to  the  siege  of  Atlanta,  in  July,  1S64.  He- 
was  then  placed  on  waiting-orders  until  the  following 
September,  when  he  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the 
Northern  Department.  He  was  brevetted  major-general 
U.  S.  Army,  for  "  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  the 
battle  of  Chattanooga,  Tennessee." 

General  Hooker  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the 
Department  of  the  East  July  8,  1865,  and  was  then  given 
the  Department  of  the  Lakes,  where,  after  being  mus- 
tered out  of  the  volunteer  service  September  1,  1866,  he 
remained  to  1867,  and  he  was  retired  upon  the  full  rank 
of  major-general  U.  S.  Army  October  15,  1868.  He  died 
at  Garden  City,  Long  Island,  October  31,  1879. 


204 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


MEDICAL  DIRECTOR   PHINEAS  J.   HoRWITZ.    U.S.N. 
(retired). 

Medical  Director  Phineas  J.  Horwitz  was  born  in 
Maryland  in  March,  1S2J,  and  graduated  in  medicine  at 
the  University  of  Maryland  in  March,  [845.  Appointed 
assistant  surgeon  in  the  navy  November,  1S47,  and  as- 
signed to  duty  in  the  Gulf  Squadron,  then  operating  against 
Mexico.  Dr.  Horwitz  was  at  once  placet!  in  charge  of 
the  Naval  Hospital  at  Tabasco,  and  remained  there  until 
the  close  of  the  war.  This  duty  was  performed  so  ener- 
getically and  efficiently  as  to  receive  the  personal  com- 
mendation and  thanks  of  the  commander-in-chief,  Com- 
modore M.  C.  Perry.  Dr.  Horwitz  then  made  a  cruise 
in  the  Mediterranean  in  the  "Constitution,"  and  was  then 
ordered  to  the  .store-ship  "  Relief,"  bound  to  the  Brazil 
Station.  In  January,  1853,  he  was  examined  and  passed 
for  promotion,  and  was  then  assigned  to  the  steamer 
"  Princeton,"  in  which  he  served  for  two  years.     lie  next 


served  in  the  store-ship  "  Supply,"  on  the  African  and 
Brazil  Stations.  Upon  his  return  to  the  United  States, 
in  1859,  he  was  offered  the  position  of  assistant  to  the 
Bureau  of  Medicine  and  Surgery,  Navy  Department, 
which  office  he  held  until  he  was  appointed*  chief  of  the 
Bureau  of  Medicine  and  Surgery,  Jul)'  1,  1865.  This 
position  he  retained  until  his  term  of  service  expired, 
Jul}-  1,  1S69.  Dr.  Horwitz  was  promoted  to  surgeon  on 
April  19,  1861,  but  his  services  in  the  bureau  were  con- 
sidered so  important  that  he  was  not  permitted  to  vacate 
his  appointment  as  assistant,  and  Congress,  in  acknowl- 
edgment of  the  immense  amount  of  work  he  was  per- 
forming, voted  to  give  him  the  highest  shore-pay  of  his 
grade.  During  the  entire  period  of  the  war  of  the  Re- 
bellion the  labor  of  the  bureau  fell  almost  wholly  upon 
Dr.  Horwitz,  and  his  was  the  only  bureau  in  which  the 
clerical  force  was  not  increased.  The  whole  system  of 
tabulating  the  casualties  of  the  war,  of  indexing  books 
of  reference,  reports  of  survey,  certificates  of  disability 
and  of  diseases,  was  designed  and  carried  forward  by 
Dr.  Horwitz,  so  that  there  was  probably  no  case  of  injury, 
disease,  or  disability  that  occurred  during  his  connection 
with  the  bureau  that  will  not  be  found  in  its  appropriate 
place  in  the  surgeon-general's  office.  The  immense  num- 
ber of  pension  cases  accruing  during  the  war  were  all  ex- 
amined, adjusted,  and  prepared  by  him,  and  every  official 
letter  that  left  the  bureau  was  written  by  him.  All  this 
was  done  without  the  aid  of  a  single  additional  writer.'or 
clerk.  On  leaving  the  bureau,  in  1869,  Dr.  Horwitz  was 
placed  in  charge  of  the  Naval  Hospital  at  Philadelphia, 
and  since  that  time  has  been  assigned  to  various  duties 
at  that  station.  He  was  promoted  to  the  grade  of  medi- 
cal inspector  March  3,  1871,  and  to  that  of  medical  direc- 
tor December  19,  1873.  Was  president  of  the  Examining 
Board  at  Philadelphia,  [883-84.     Retired  in  1884. 


*  Surgeon-general  with  the  tank  of  commodore. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


205 


MAJOR-GENERAL  OLIVER  0.  HOWARD,  U.S.A. 

Major-Genera l  Oliver  O.  Howard  was  born  in 
Maine  November  8,  1830,  and  graduated  at  the  Military 
Academy  Jul)-  1,  1S54.  He  was  appointed  a  brevet 
second  lieutenant  of  ordnance  the  same  da}-,  and  second 
lieutenant  February  15,  1S55.  He  served  at  various 
arsenals  until  1856,  and  was  ordered  to  Florida,  where  he 
participated  in  hostilities  against  the  Seminole  Indians 
in  1S57.  He  was  then  detailed  for  duty  at  the  Military 
Academy,  as  assistant  professor  of  mathematics,  Septem- 
ber 21,  1857,  having  been  promoted  first  lieutenant  July 
1,  1857.  He  resigned  his  commission  in  the  army  June 
7,  1 861. 

General  Howard  was  appointed  colonel  of  the  Third 
Maine  Volunteers  June  4,  [861,  and  served  in  the  de- 
fences of  Washington,  and  commanded  a  brigade  in  the 
Manassas  campaign,  being  engaged  in  the  first  battle  of 
Bull  Run,  July  21,  [861.  He  was  appointed  a  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers  September  3,  1861,  and  made  a  re- 
connoissance  in  the  early  spring  of  1862  from  Washing- 
ton to  the  Rappahannock  River.  He  participated  in  the 
Peninsula  campaign  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and 
was  engaged  at  the  siege  of  York  town  and  battle  of  Fair 
(  )aks,  June  i,  1862,  where  lie  was  twice  severely  wounded, 
losing  his  right  arm.  He  was  compelled  to  leave  the  field, 
and  when  convalescent  devoted  himself  to  raising  volun- 
teers. Returning  to  the  field  about  August  27,  1862,  he 
was  engaged  in  a  skirmish  near  Centreville  September 
1,  following.  He  participated  in  the  Maryland  campaign, 
and  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Antietam,  Maryland, 
and  in  the  subsequent  march  to  Falmouth  and  battle  of 
Fredericksburg,  Virginia. 

General  Howard  was  appointed  major-general  of  vol- 
unteers November  29,  1862,  and  served,  in  command  of 
the  Eleventh  Army  Corps,  from  April  1,  1863,  and  was 
engaged  in  the  battles  of  Chancellorsville,  Virginia,  and 
Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania,  and  in  pursuit  of  the  enemy 
to  Warrenton,  Virginia  ;  then  guarding  the  Orange  and 
Alexandria  Railroad  until  September,  1863.  His  corps 
was  then  put  en  route  to  Bridgeport,  Tennessee,  and  took 
part  in  the  operations  about  Chattanooga,  being  engaged 
in  the  action  of  Lookout  Valley,  battle  of  Missionary 
Ridge,  and  expedition  for  the  relief  of  Knoxville,  to 
December  17,  1863.  He  was  then  in  occupation  of 
Chattanooga  to  May  3,  1864,  and  was  assigned  to  the 
command  of  the  Fourth  Corps  April  10,  1864,  when  the 
Eleventh  and  Twelfth  Corps  were  consolidated  to  form 
the  Twentieth.  He  commanded  the  Fourth  Corps  until 
July  27,  1864,  when  he  was  assigned  to  the  command  of 
the  Army  of  the  Tennessee  in  the  invasion  of  Georgia. 
He  was  engaged  in  the  operations  around  Dalton,  battle 
of  Resaca,  actions  of  Adairsville  and  Cassville,  battle 
of  Dallas,  action  of  Pickett's  Mill  (May  27,  1864,  where 
he  was  wounded),  battles  and  skirmishes  about  Pine  and 


Kenesaw  Mountains,  actions  of  Smyrna  Camp-Ground, 
combat  of  Peach-Tree  Creek,  siege  of  Atlanta,  combat 
of  Ezra  Church,  battle  of  Jonesborough,  surrender  of 
Atlanta  ami  occupation  of  the  place. 

lie  pursued  the  rebels  under  General  Hood  into 
Alabama,  with  frequent  engagements.  He  participated 
in  the  "  march  to  the  sea,"  and  was  engaged  in  numerous 
actions  and  skirmishes,  including  the  combats  and  actions 
of  General  Sherman's  army  to  the  surrender  of  General 
Johnston,  April  26,  1S65. 

Genera]  Howard  was  appointed  a  brigadier-general  in 
the  U.S.  Army  December  21,  1864,  and  was  brevctted 
major-general,  U.S.A.,  March  13,  1865,  for  "  gallant  and 
meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of  Ezra  Church  ami 
during  the  campaign  against  Atlanta,  Georgia." 

At  the  conclusion  of  the  war  General  Howard  was 
appointed  commissioner  of  the  Bureau  of  Refugees, 
Freedmen,  and  Abandoned  Lands,  at  Washington,  D.C., 
May  12,  1865. 

He  commanded  the  Department  of  the  Columbia  from 
Jul)-,  1S74,  to  18S0,  and  was  superintendent  of  the  Mili- 
tary Academy  from  June  21,  18S1 ,  to  September  1,  1882, 
when  he  was  ordered  to  the  command  of  the  Depart- 
ment of  the  Platte.  He  was  appointed  a  major-general 
in  the  U.  S.  Army  March  19,  1886,  and  assigned  to  the 
command  of  the  Military  Division  of  the  Pacific,  from 
which  he  was  relieved,  in  1S88,  and  assigned  to  the 
Military  Division  of  the  Atlantic.  Divisions  having 
been  discontinued,  he  now  commands  the  Department 
of  the  East. 

General  Howard  had  the  degree  of  A.M.  conferred 
by  Bowdoin  College,  Maine,  in  1853 ;  the  degree  of 
LL.D.  conferred  by  Waterville  College,  Maine,  in 
1865;  the  same  by  Shurtleff  College,  Illinois,  in  1865; 
and  by  Gettysburg  Theological  Seminary,  Pennsylvania, 
in  1866. 


206 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  A. YD   NAVY  regular) 


CAPTAIN  HHNRY   L.  HOWE,  U.S.A. 

Captain  Henry  L.  Howe  (Seventeenth  Infantry)  was 
born  in  Massachusetts  January  2,  185 1.  '  Prior  to  enter- 


ing  the  volunteer  service  he  was  sergeant  of  Captain 
George  C.  Whitcomb's  Company  of  State  Militia  of 
Minnesota,  and  participated  in  operations  against  Little 
Crow's  band  of  hostile  Sioux  Indians  from  August  25  to 
I  October  17,  1862,  participating  in  three  engagements 
with  said  Indians. 

He  entered  the  volunteer  service  during  the  war  of  the 
Rebellion,  and  was  private  ami  first  sergeant  of  Com- 
pany B,  Independent  Battalion  of  Minnesota  Cavalry, 
from  July  1,  1863,  to  June  29,  1864,  when  he  was  ap- 
pointed second  lieutenant  of  the  same  battalion,  and 
promoted  first  lieutenant  July  6,   [865. 

He  was  honorably  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  ser- 
vice May  30,  1866,  having  been  appointed  second  lieu- 
tenant in  the  Seventeenth  U.  S.  Infantry  I-'ebruary  23, 
1 866. 

He  joined  his  regiment  at  Hart's  Island,  New  York, 
anil  has  served  with  it  at  various  stations  in  the  several 
military  departments. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  July  28,  1 866,  and 
captain  June  I,  1S75. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


207 


RF.AR-ADMIRAL  JOHN  C.  HOWELL,  U.S.N,  (retired). 

Rear-Admiral  John  C.  Howell  was  born  in  Penn- 
sylvania November  24,  1S19,  coming  of  people  who 
had  always  been  distinguished  in  the  colonial  and  war- 
like history  of  the  States  of  New  Jersey  and  Pennsyl- 
vania. He  was  appointed  a  midshipman  from  Penn- 
sylvania on  June  9,  1 836,  and  made  a  cruise  in  the 
West  Indies  in  the  sloop-of-war  "  Levant,"  which  ex- 
tended to  nearly  four  years.  He  was  promoted  to 
passed  midshipman  Jul)'  I,  1842,  and  served  on  board 
the  frigate  "Congress"  in  the  Mediterranean  for  two 
years.  He  then  went  to  the  East  Indies  in  the  brig 
"  Perry,"  served  in  her  from  1X44  to  1845,  and  then  was 
naval  storekeeper  at  Macao, — the  most  charming  place 
in  (he  East  at  that  period, — from  1845  to  1848.  He 
became  a  lieutenant  in  August,  1849,  and  made  cruises 
in  the  frigate  "  Raritan,"  of  the  Home  Squadron,  and 
sloop  "Saratoga,"  of  the  East  India  Squadron,  return- 
ing home  in  1854.  After  two  years'  service  at  the 
Philadelphia  station  he  next  made  a  cruise  in  the  Med- 
iterranean in  the  fine  steamer  "  Susquehanna,"  and  again 
came  back  to  duty  in  Philadelphia.  When  the  Civil 
War  began,  Lieutenant  Howell  was  ordered  to  the 
"  Minnesota"  steam-frigate,  and  served  in  her  at  the 
battle  of  Hatteras  Inlet. 

He  was  commissioned  as  commander  in  the  navy 
July  16,  1862,  and  commanded  the  steamer  "  Tahoma," 
of  the  East  Gulf  Blockading  Squadron,  in  1862-63.  He 
was  then  transferred  to  the  command  of  the  "  Nereus," 
of  the  North  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron,  and  in  her 
was  in  the  two  actions  at  Fort  Fisher  in  December,  1864, 
and  January,  1865. 


He  was  commissioned  as  captain  July  25,  1866,  and 
was  in  charge  of  recruiting  duty  at  Philadelphia  for 
two  years.  He  next  served  as  fleet-captain  and  chief 
of  staff  of  the  European  Squadron  from  186910  1871. 
Commanded  the  League  Island  Station  in  1871-72. 

Commissioned  as  commodore  January  29,  1872,  and 
commanded  the  Portsmouth  Navy- Yard  until  1875,  when 
he  was  made  chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Yards  and  Docks, 
in  the  Navy  Department,  for  the  term  of  four  years, — 
this  being  an  office  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  U.  S. 
Senate. 

He  was  commissioned  as  rear-admiral  in  1877,  and 
was  in  command  of  the  European  Station  for  two  years. 
He  was  retired  in  18S1,  under  the  operation  of  law. 


208 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD  NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN   RICHARD   L.   HOXIE,   U.S.A. 

Captain  Richard  L.  Hoxie  (Corps  of  Engineers)  was 
born  in  New  York  City  August  7,  1S44,  in  the  eighth 
generation  from  Lodovic  Hanksie,  who  settled  at  Sand- 
wich, Massachusetts,  in  [650,  and  is  the  great-grandson 
of  Lieutenant  Pelig  Hoxsie,  of  the  First  Rhode  Island 
(Lippitt's)  Regiment  of  the  Revolutionary  army.  His 
earl}-  education  was  obtained  in  the  public  and  private 
schools  at  New  York  and  Pennsylvania,  and  in  Europe, 
and  at  the  outbreak  of  the  Civil  War  he  was  a  student  in 
the  State  University  of  Iowa,  at  Iowa  City.  Here  he 
enlisted  in  Company  F,  First  Regiment  Iowa  Volunteer 
Cavalry,  June  13,  1 861,  and  marched  to  regimental  ren- 
dezvous at  Burlington,  Iowa,  \\  here  the  regiment  was  soon 
after  mustered  into  the  service  of  the  United  States.  Upi  >n 
this  occasion  he  was  rejected  by  the  mustering  officer 
because  oi  the  fact  that  he  was  only  sixteen  years  of  age, 
but,  continuing  to  serve  with  the  company,  he  was  mus- 
tered in  a  few  months  later.  He  served  continuously 
with  this  regiment,  which  took  the  field  in  October,  1861, 
in  Missouri  and  Arkansas,  up  to  the  taking  of  Little 
Rock,  and  the  subsequent  expedition  to  Camderi  in  1S64. 
At  this   time  the    period   of  service  of  the   regiment  was 


about  to  expire.  He  was  the  first  soldier  to  re-enlist  in 
the  regiment  as  a  veteran  volunteer,  in  January,  1S64,  and 
was  followed  by  about  six  hundred  more, — a  very  large 
proportion  of  the  effecth  e  strength.  I  le  received  honor- 
able mention  in  official  correspondence  for  conduct  in 
action,  and  three  separate  tenders  of  a  commission, — the 
latter  declined, — and  finally  an  appointment  to  the  Mili- 
tary Academy  at  West  Point  from  the  veteran  volun- 
teers, to  accept  which  he  was  mustered  out  of  the 
volunteer  service  June  io,  1S64.  1  le  was  graduated  from 
the  Military  Academy  June  13,  [868,  and  promoted 
second  lieutenant  of  Engineers  June  15,  1868;  served 
with  the  Engineer  Battalion  at  Jefferson  Barracks,  Mis- 
souri, from  October  I,  1868,  to  September  5,  1.H70,  under 
General  H.  W.  Benham  ;  in  charge  of  construction  and 
repair  of  fortifications  in  Boston  harbor,  Massachusetts, 
from  September  5,  1S70,  to  July  3,  1872  ;  promoted  to 
first  lieutenant  September  22,  1S70;  on  explorations  and 
surveys  in  the  Western  Territories  from  July  ^,  1872,  to 
July  2,  1S74;  nominated  by  President  Grant  as  member 
of  the  Board  of  Public  Works  of  the  District  of  Colum- 
bia, under  the  Territorial  government,  in  1S74,  and  nomi- 
nation confirmed  by  the  Senate;  detailed  as  engineer  to 
the  Board  of  Commissioners  of  the  District  of  Columbia 
under  the  act  of  June  20,  1874,  and  continuously  engaged 
upon  the  public  works  of  the  district  until  August  14, 
1SN4  ;  promoted  to  the  rank  of  captain,  Corps  of  Engi- 
neers, June  15,  18S2;  in  charge  of  various  works  of 
river  and  harbor  improvement  and  coast  defences  in  the 
States  ot  Georgia,  Florida,  and  Alabama,  from  August  iC, 
1SS4,  to  January  17,  1SS9;  member  of  Engineer  Board 
on  Selma  Bridge  in  1885  ;  since  January  17,  1889,  has 
been  in  command  of  Company  B,  U.  S.  Engineer  Bat- 
talion, stationed  at  Willet's  Point,  New  York  harbor,  and 
instructor  in  military  engineering  and  in  field  astronomy 
at  the  post-graduate  U.  S.  Engineer  School,  at  Willet's 
Point. 

Captain  Iloxic  is  a  member  of  the  American  Society 
of  Civil  Engineers,  of  the  Military  Order  of  the  Loyal 
Legion,  U. S.,  and  of  theOrder  of  Sons  of  the  American 
Revolution. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


209 


BRIGADIER-  AND  BREVET  MAJOR-GENERAL  ANDREW 
A.  HUMPHREYS  (deceased). 

Brigadier-  and  Brevet  Major-General  Andrew  A. 
Humphreys  was  born  in  Pennsylvania,  and  graduated 
from  the  Military  Academy  July  I,  [831,  and  was  as- 
signed as  brevet  second  lieutenant  Second  Artillery,  and 
promoted  second  lieutenant  the  same  date. 

lie  was  on  duty  at  Fort  Moultrie,  South  Carolina, 
in  1 83 1,  and  on  special  duty,  making  drawings  at  the 
Military  Academy,  from  January  5  to  April  18,  1832  ;  in 
the  Cherokee  Nation  1832-33,  and  in  garrison  at  Au- 
gusta Arsenal,  Georgia,  1833;  at  Fort  Marion,  Florida, 
1833-34,  and  on  topographical  duty  August  12,  1834,  to 
December,  1835,  making  surveys  in  West  Florida  and  at 
Cape  Cod,  Massachusetts.  He  participated  in  the  Florida 
War  against  the  Seminole  Indians  in  1836,  being  engaged 
in  the  actions  of  Oloklikaha  and  Micanopy. 

lie  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  Second  Artillery 
August  16,  1836,  and  resigned  the  service  September 
30,  1836.  After  resigning  from  the  army  he  was  en- 
gaged as  civil  engineer,  assisting  Major  Bache  in  the 
plans  ofBrandywine  Shoal  Light-house  and  Crow  Shoal 
Breakwater,  Delaware  Bay,  1836-38. 

On  July  2,  1838,  he  was  reappointed  in  the  army  as 
first  lieutenant  Corps  of  Topographical  Engineers. 

He  served  at  Washington  as  assistant  in  the  Topo- 
graphical Bureau  in  1840-41,  and  in  Coast  Survey  Office, 
1844-49. 

He  was  promoted  captain  Corps  of  Engineers  May  31, 
1S48,  and  in  1850  was  detailed  to  make  a  topographic 
and  hydrographic  survey  of  the  delta  of  the  Mississippi 
River,  with  a  view  to  its  protection  from  inundation,  and 
deepening  the  channels  at  its  mouth.  He  continued  on 
this  detail,  having  general  charge,  till  iS6[.  While  en- 
gaged on  this  duty  he  visited  Europe,  examining  means 
for  protecting  delta  rivers  from  inundations,  [853-54, and 
upon  return  he  was  placed  in  general  charge,  under  the 
War  Department,  of  the  office  duties  at  Washington, 
D.  C,  connected  with  explorations  and  surveys  for  rail- 
roads from  the  Mississippi  River  to  Pacific  Ocean,  and 
geographical  explorations  west  of  Mississippi,  1854-61. 

During  the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  1861-65,  he  served 
on  the  staff  of  Major-General  McClellan,  general-in-chief, 
at  Washington,  D.  C,  from  December  1,  1S61,  to  March 

5,  1862,  and  in  the  Virginia  Peninsula  campaign  as  chief 
topographical  engineer  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  from 
March  5  to  August  31,  1862,  being  engaged  in  the  siege 
of  Yorktown,  April  5  to  May  4,  1862. 

He  was  promoted  major   Corps  of  Engineers  August 

6,  1862,  and  colonel,  staff  additional  aide-de-camp,  March 
5,  1862,  and  April  28,  1862,  brigadier-general  U.  S.  Vol- 
unteers. 

He  served  with  distinction  in  the  movements  and  oper- 
ations against    Richmond,  Virginia,  and    on  the  James 
27 


River,  May  and  June,  1862;  in  the  Maryland  and  Rap- 
pahannock campaigns,  lie  was  brevetted  colonel  De- 
cember 13,  1862,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services 
at  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  Virginia,  and  promoted 
lieutenant-colonel  Corps  of  Engineers  March  3,  1863. 

He  participated  in  the  Pennsylvania  campaign,  being 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  as  chief  of  staff  of 
General  Meade,  commanding  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
from  July  8,  1863,  to  November  25,  1S64.  On  July  8, 
1863,  he  was  promoted  major-general  U.  S.  Volunteers. 

He  participated  in  the  movements  and  operations  dur- 
ing 1864-65  in  Virginia,  serving  with  distinction  in  the 
various  battles,  actions,  and  sieges,  and  in  the  pursuit  of 
General  Lee's  rebel  army  (including  the  several  actions 
of  the  Second  Corps,  April  6,  1865,  terminating  at 
Sailor's  Creek,  and  actions  at  High  Bridge  and  Farm- 
ville,  April  7,  1865),  till  its  surrender  April  9,  1865. 

He  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  U.  S.  Army  March 
1  5,  1865,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  the  bat- 
tle of  Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania,  and  major-general  U.  S. 
Army  March  13,  1865,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  ser- 
vices at  the  battle  of  Sailor's  Creek,  Virginia.  He  was 
mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service  May  31,  1866. 

He  was  appointed  brigadier-general  and  chief  of  en- 
gineers of  the  U.  S.  Arm>-  August  8,  1866,  and  was  in 
command  of  the  Corps  of  Engineers  and  in  charge  of  the 
Engineer  Bureau,  August  8,  1866,  until  retired  from  active 
service  June  3,  1879.      He  died  December  27,  1 883. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  American  Philosophical 
Society,  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  [857,  and  American 
Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences,  Boston,  Massachusetts, 
1863.  He  was  the  corporator  of  the  National  Academy 
of  Sciences  since  March  3,  1863;  an  honorary  member 
of  the  Imperial  Royal  Geological  Institute  of  Vienna, 
Austria,  1862,  and  of  the  Royal  Institute  of  Science  and 
Art  of  Lombardy,  Milan,  Italy,  1864. 


2IO 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  .IRMY  AND   NAVY  [kegulak) 


COLONEL    AND    BREVET    MAJOR-GENERAL    HENRY 
J.   HUNT.   U.S.A.  (deceased). 

Colonel    and    Brevet   Major-General   Hexk\    J, 
Hunt  was  born  in  Michigan,  and   graduated   from  the 

Military  Academy  July  i,  1839.  He  was  promoted  the 
same  day  to  second  lieutenant  Second  Artillery,  and 
.  rved  on  the  Northern  frontier  during  the  Canada  bor- 
der disturbances.  Afterwards  he  was  stationed  at  posts 
on  the  Lakes,  and  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  June 
IS,  1846. 

lie  participated  in  the  war  with  Mexico,  and  was 
engaged  in  the  siege  of  Vera  Cruz,  battle  of  Cerro 
Gordo,  capture  of  San  Antonio,  battle  of  Churubusco, 
battle  el"  Molino  del  Rey  (where  he  was  twice  wounded), 
storming  of  Chapultepec,  and  assault  and  capture  of  the 
City  of  Mexico  September  13,  14,  1 S47. 

For  this  service  Lieutenant  Hunt  was  brevetted  cap- 
tain August  20,  184;,  "for  gallant  and  meritorious  con- 
duct in  the  battles  of  Contreras  and  Churubusco,  Mexico;" 
and  maj.»r  September  13.  1S47,  "for  gallant  and  merito- 
rious conduct  in  the  battle  of  Chapultepec,  Mexico." 

After  the  close  of  the  Mexican  War,  Lieutenant  Hunt 
was  stationed  at  Fort  McIIenry,  Fort  Monroe,  and  Fori 
Moultrie,  and  was  promoted  captain  Second  Artillery 
September  28,  1852.  Then  he  was  ordered  on  frontier 
duty  at  boit  Smith,  Arkansas,  and  Fort  Washington, 
Indian  Territory,  until  detailed  as  member  of  a  board  to 
revise  the  system  of  light-artillery  tactics,  which  was 
adopted  lor  the  army  March  6,  i860.  He  was  at  Fort 
Kearney,  Nebraska,  in  1858;  Fort  Brown,  Texas,  in 
i860,  and  Harper's  berry,  Virginia,  t86i.  lie  was  pro- 
moted major  filth  Artillery  May  14,  [861,  and  partici- 
pated in  the  defence  of  fort  Pickens,  to  June  28,  and   in 


the  Manassas  campaign  of  Virginia,  being  engaged  in 
the  battle  of  first  Bull  Run,  July  21,  1 86 1,  when  he  was 
in  command  of  the  artillery  on  the  extreme  left. 

Major  Hunt  was  chief  of  artillery  in  the  defences  of 
Washington,  south  of  the  Potomac,  until  appointed  colo- 
nel of  staff, — additional  aide-de-camp,  September  28, 
1861,  and  participated  in  the  Peninsula  campaign  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac  to  August,  1862,  in  command  of 
the  Reserve  Artillery,  and  was  engaged  in  the  siege  of 
Yorktown,  battle  of  Gaines'  Mill,  action  of  Garnett's 
Farm,  action  of  Turkey  Bend,  battle  of  Malvern  Hill, 
and  various  skirmishes. 

Colonel  Hunt  was  chief  of  artillery  in  the  Maryland 
campaign,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  South 
Mountain  and  Antietam,  and  the  subsequent  march  to 
Falmouth,  terminating  with  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg. 
He  was  in  the  mean  time  appointed  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers  September  15,  1862. 

As  chief  of  artillery,  General  Hunt  served  in  all  the 
remaining  campaigns  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  to 
the  end  of  the  war,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of 
Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  Mine  Run,  Wilderness, 
Spottsylvania,  Cold  Harbor,  siege  of  Petersburg,  from 
June  15,  1864,  to  April  3,  1863,  including  the  assaults  on 
the  enemy's  works,  combat  at  Fort  Steadman,  anil  pur- 
suit of  the  enemy  after  the  assault  of  April  2,  1865.  until 
the  capitulation  of  General  Lee,  at  Appomattox  Court- 
House,  Virginia,  April  9,  1S65. 

He  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Third 
Artillery  August  1,  1SO3,  and  was  brevetted  colonel, 
brigadier-general,  and  major-general  for  gallant  and  meri- 
torious sen  ices  in  action.  He  was  also  brevetted  major- 
general  of  volunteers  Jul}-  0,  1864,  for  "gallantry  and 
distinguished  conduct  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  and 
for  faithful  and  highly  meritorious  services  in  the  cam- 
paign from  the  Rapid. in  to  Petersburg,  Virginia." 

At  the  cli  ise  1 if  the  w  ar  ( ieneral  I  i  unt  was  in  command 
of  a  camp  of  instruction  for  field  artillery,  near  Bladens- 
burg,  Maryland,  from  June  to  August,  1S65,  and  of  the 
frontier  district  of  Arkansas,  at  Fort  Smith,  from  Sep- 
tember, 1865,  to  April,  1  866,  when  he  was  mustered  out 
of  the  volunteer  service.  He  then  reverted  to  his  rank 
of  lieutenant-colonel  Third  Artillery,  and  was  member  of 
aboard  for  the  armament  of  fortifications,  and  in  com- 
mand of  various  posts,  and  was  promoted  colonel  Fifth 
Artillery  April  4,  1869.  For  a  long  time  he  was  one  of 
the  prominent  candidates  for  brigadier-general  in  the 
regular  army;  but  the  fates  were  against  him,  ami  he- 
was  retired  forage  September  14.  1883.  He  died  while 
in  command  of  the  Soldiers'  Home  at  Washington, 
I  >.  C,  February  1  1 ,  1 SS9. 


WHO  SERVED   TN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


211 


CAPTAIN   JAMES   M.    INGALLS,    U.S.A. 

Captain  James  M.  Ingalls  (First  Artillery)  was  born 
in  the  town  of  Sutton,  Vermont,  January  25,  1X37.  In 
his  early  youth  his  parents  moved  to  Massachusetts, 
where  he  began  his  education  in  the  public  schools. 
After  reaching  manhood  he  went  to  the  then  West,  and 
for  four  years  was  professor  of  mathematics  in  Evans- 
ville  Seminary,  Wisconsin.  At  the  beginning  of  1S64 
he  enlisted  in  Company  A,  First  Battalion,  Sixteenth 
Regular  Infantry,  then  stationed  at  Columbus,  Kentucky, 
as  head-quarters  guard,  having  been  promised  by  the 
captain  of  the  company  as  rapid  advancement  to  a  com- 
mission as  possible.  In  the  latter  part  of  January,  1864, 
Company  A  was  ordered  to  join  the  remainder  of  the 
regiment  at  Chattanooga,  Tennessee,  in  readiness  for  the 
opening  of  the  Atlanta  campaign.  He  was  promoted  to 
second  lieutenant  of  his  regiment  May  3,  1865,  and  served 
with  his  company  at  various  places  in  Tennessee,  Georgia, 
and  Alabama.  He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  May  3, 
1S65,  and  upon  the  consolidation  of  regiments  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  Second  Infantry  April  17,  1869,  having  per- 
formed the  duties  of  quartermaster  of  the  First  Battalion 
of  the  Sixteenth  Infantry  from  June  4,  1865,  to  Septem- 
ber 21,  1866.  During  his  tour  of  duty  in  the  Southern 
States  he  was  engaged  in  the  extremely  disagreeable  ser- 
vice connected  with  reconstruction  until  January  1,  1871, 
when  he  was  transferred  to  the  First  Artillery,  his  present 
regiment.  lie  was  assigned  to  Battery  A  (Sih«ey's),  sta- 
tioned at  Fort  Ontario,  Oswego,  New  York,  but  was 
transferred  to  Battery  G  (Elder's)  for  a  tour  of  duty  at  the 
Artillery  School,  Fort  Monroe,  May  I,  I  87 1. 

He  was  transferred,  May  1,  1872,  to  Battery  M  (Lang- 
don's),  at  Plattsburg  Barracks,  and  followed  its  fortunes 
(including  three  yellow-fever  epidemics  at  Forts  Jefferson 
and  Barrancas)  until  July  1,  1880,  when  he  was  promoted 
to  a  captaincy,  and  assigned  to  the  command  of  Battery 
A,  stationed  at  Governor's  Island,  New  York  harbor. 

In  September,  1 88 1 ,  his  battery  was  selected  by  General 
Hancock  to  guard  the  Franklyn  Cottage  at  Elberon,  New 
Jersey,  while  it  was  occupied  by  President  Garfield. 

At  the  request  of  General  Getty,  commanding  the 
Artillery  School,  Captain  Ingalls  was  transferred  to  Bat- 
tery G  of  his  regiment,  stationed  at  Fort  Monroe,  upon 
the  promotion  of  Captain  Elder,  who  had  for  many  years 
been  an  instructor  at  the  school.     In  December,  1882,  at 


the  suggestion  of  Captain  Ingalls,  the  Department  of 
Ballistics  was  created  at  the  Artillery  School  and  placed 
in  his  charge,  with  the  understanding  that  he  should 
prepare  a  suitable  text-book  for  the  use  of  the  school, 
which  should  embrace  all  the  best  modern  methods 
employed  in  Europe.  This  work,  printed  at  the  Artillery 
School,  was  ready  for  use  in  September,  1883,  and  was 
the  first  treatise  on  Exterior  Ballistics  ever  published  in 
the  United  States.  A  second  edition  was  published  by 
the  Artillery  School  in  January,  1885,  and  a  third  edition 
from  the  press  of  D.  Van  Nostrand  appeared  in  1 886. 

Other  professional  works  prepared  by  Captain  Ingalls 
are  :  "  Ballistic  Machines,"  from  the  Artillery  School 
press,  1885  ;  "  Hand-book  of  Problems  in  Exterior 
Ballistics,"  Artillery  School,  1889;  and  a  second  edition 
by  John  Wiley  &  Sons,  1890;  "Ballistic  Tables  for 
Direct,  Curved,  and  High-Angle  Fire,"  John  Wiley  & 
Sons,  1891  ;  "  Interior  Ballistics,"  Artillery  School  press, 
1 891. 

In  addition  to  his  ballistic  work,  Captain  Ingalls  was 
senior  instructor  of  practical  artillery  exercises  to  the 
class  of  1884;  senior  instructor  of  engineering  to  the 
class  of  1 888;  senior  instructor  of  electricity  and  defen- 
sive torpedoes  to  the  classes  of  1884,  1886,  1888,  and 
1890;  senior  instructor  of  telegraph}- to  the  classes  of 
1S84,  1 886,  and  1888  ;  and  senior  instructor  of  signalling 
from  8th  May,  1884,  to  7th  September,  1888. 


212 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  {regular) 


BRIGADIER-  AND  BREVET  MAJOR-GENERAL  RUFUS 
INGALLS,   U.S.A.  (retired). 

Brigadier- and  Brevet  Major-General  Rufus  lx- 
gaj  ls  was  born  in  the  State  of  Maine,  and  entered  the 
Military  Academy  July  1,  [839.  He  was  promoted 
brevet  second  lieutenant  Rifles  July  1,  1843,  and  served 
on  frontier  duty  at  Forts  Jesup,  Louisiana,  and  Leaven- 
worth, Kansas,  till  the  war  with  Mexico,  [846-47,  in 
which  he  participated,  being  engaged  in  the  skirmish  of 
Embudo,  January  29,  1847,  and  the  assault  of  Pueblo  de 
Taos,  February  4,  1847.  ' )n  March  17,  [845,  he  was 
promoted  second  lieutenant  First  Dragoons,  and  on  Feb- 
ruary 4,  1847,  brevetted  first  lieutenant,  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  conduct  in  the  conflicts  .it  Kmbudo  and  Taos. 

After  completing  a  tour  of  recruiting  service,  1847-48, 
he  accompanied  the  troops  on  the  voyage  to  California, 
via  Cape  Horn,  in  [848,  and  was  on  duty  as  quarter- 
master, .md  served  at  various  posts  in  California  till  1853, 
when  he  returned  to  Washington.  He  served  with  the 
Colonel  Steptoe  Expedition  across  the  continent  via 
Leavenworth,  Kansas,  and  Salt  Lake,  Utah,  to  San 
Francisco,  California,  1854-55  ;  and  at  various  posts  till  . 
[86l,  being  on  the  commission  to  examine  the  war-debt 
of  Oregon  and  Washington  Territory,  1857—58,  he  having 
been,  in  the  mean  time,  promoted  first  lieutenant,  Febru- 
ary [6,  1 S47  ;  and  captain  (on  staff,  assistant  quarter- 
master) January  \2,   (848. 

During  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  he  served  at  Fort 
Pickens,  Florida,  from  April  20  to  July  15,  186]  ;  and  as 
chief  quartermaster  of  the  forces  occupying  the  defences 


of  Washington,  D.  C,  south  of  the  Potomac;  and  at 
Annapolis,  Maryland,  and  Alexandria,  Virginia,  receiving 
transports  and  superintending  the  embarkation  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac  to  the  Virginia  Peninsula  cam- 
paign, March  1  to  April   2,  1862. 

(  )n  September  28,  1861,  he  was  promoted  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  staff,  additional  aide-de-camp,  and  major  of 
staff,  quartermaster,  January  12,  icS62,  for  fourteen  years' 
continuous  service  as  captain. 

Dining  the  year  [862  General  Ingalls  had  charge  of 
the  depots  of  Port  Monroe,  Cheeseman's  Creek,  York- 
town,  and  White  House,  Virginia;  and  transferred  stores 
to  Harrison's  Landing  via  York  and  James  Rivers,  after 
General  McClellan's  "  change  of  base."  He  was  then 
appointed  chief  quartermaster  of  the  Army  of  the  Poto- 
mac, and  served  in  this  capacity  until  the  close  of  the 
war,  being  present  at  the  battles  of  South  Mountain, 
Antietam,  Fredericksburg,  Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg, 
and  in  pursuit  of  the  enemy  to  Warrenton,  Virginia.  He 
participated  in  the  Mine  Run  operations,  organized  sup- 
pi)'  depots  on  the  Orange  and  Alexandria  Railroad,  and 
participated  in  the  campaigns  of  1864-65,  being  present 
at  the  battles  of  the  Wilderness,  Spottsylvania,  Cold 
Harbor,  and  siege  of  Petersburg  and  Richmond,  and 
established  the  great  army  depot  at  City  Point,  Virginia. 

He  was  appointed  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  May 
2T,,  1863,  and  at  the  close  of  the  war  was  brevetted 
lieutenant-colonel,  col'onel,  and  brigadier-general  U.  S. 
Army,  for  meritorious  and  distinguished  services,  and 
major-general  of  volunteers  and  U.  S.  Army,  for  faithful 
and  meritorious  services. 

He  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel  and  deputy-quar- 
termaster-general Jul}'  28,  1866;  colonel  and  assistant 
quartermaster-general  July  29,  1866. 

While  chief  quartermaster  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
General  Ingalls  displayed  great  executive  ability  in  sup- 
plying that  vast  arm)-  with  stores  always  at  the  proper 
time  and  in  the  proper  place. 

Upon  the  disbandment  of  that  army  the  general  re- 
mained on  duty  at  Washington  City  to  May  4,  1866, 
when  he  was  ordered  on  special  inspection  duty  across 
the  continent  to  Oregon,  which  occupied  him  until  the 
following  December.  He  was  then  on  waiting  orders  to 
March  31,  1867,  when  he  was  detailed  as  chief  quarter- 
master at  New  York  City.  He  served  there  and  at 
other  stations   until   he  was  appointed  brigadier-general 


and    quartermaster-general    February 


1SS2,   which 


position    he  continued   to    fill    until    retired   from  active 
service,  at  his  own  request,  July  I,  1883. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


213 


MAJOR  JAMES  JACKSON.  U.S.A. 

Major  James  Jackson  (Second  Cavalry)  was  born 
near  Deckertown,  in  Sussex  Count}-,  New  Jersey,  No- 
vember 21,  1833.  After  graduating  from  the  Philadel- 
phia High  School,  he  moved  to  the  West,  and  was  li\  ing 
in  Iowa  when  the  war  1  if  the  Rebellion  broke  out.  In 
the  fall  of  1 861  he  recruited  men  for  the  Twelfth  Regi- 
ment of  Iowa  Volunteers,  under  a  recruiting  commission 
from  Colonel  William  B.  Allison.  But  in  November, 
1861,  he  enlisted  in  the  Twelfth  U.  S.  Infantry,  under 
Captain  Newbury,  of  that  regiment,  and  was  placed  on 
recruiting  duty  for  the  regular  army. 

In  August,  1862,  he  went  "  to  the  field,"  in  Virginia, 
a  sergeant  of  Company  C,  Second  Battalion,  Twelfth 
Infantry,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Antietam 
and  Fredericksburg.  In  April,  1863,  he  was  com- 
missioned in  the  regular  service  as  a  lieutenant  in  the 
Twelfth  Infantry,  and  as  such  took  part  in  the  battles  of 
Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  Mine  Run,  the  Wilderness, 
Spottsylvania,  Bethesda  Church,  Cold  Harbor,  Peters- 
burg, Weldon  Railroad,  Peeble's  Farm,  and  Hatcher's 
Run,  receiving  the  brevets  of  captain  ami  major  for 
"  gallant  services  in  battle." 

In  November,  1864,  the  Twelfth  Infantry  was  sent 
from  the  field  to  Elmira,  New  York,  to  recruit  and  guard 
Confederate  prisoners.  While  engaged  in  the  latter  duty 
Lieutenant  Jackson  was  detailed  on  regimental  recruiting 
service,  and  on  expiration  of  this  tour  he  joined  the 
regiment  at  Russell  Barracks,  in  Washington,  D.  C, 
being  assigned  to  the  Third  Battalion  of  that  regiment, 
now  become  the  Thirtieth  Infantry. 

He  accompanied  the  regiment  to  Nebraska  in  January, 
1867,  and  was  on  duty  at  various  places  in  the  Depart- 
ment of  the  Platte,  protecting  the  builders  of  the  Union 
Pacific  Railway  from  hostile  Indians,  until  the  consoli- 
dation of  the  infantry  regiments  in  1S69,  when,  becom- 
ing an  unassigned  captain,  the  department  commander, 
General  C.  C.  Augur,  placed  him  on  duty  as  post  quar- 
termaster at  Fort  Steele,  to  complete  the  construction 
of  that  post. 

In  January,  1871,  Captain  Jackson  was  transferred  to 
the  First  Cavalry,  and  joined  his  troop,  B,  at  Camp 
Warner,  in  Oregon,  changing  station,  soon  after,  to  Fort 
Klamath,  ( )regon,  and  taking  command  of  the  post.  In 
November,  1872,  he  was  sent  with  a  portion  of  his  troop 
to  place  Captain  Jack's  band  of  Modoc  Indians  on  their 
reservation,  and  in  endeavoring  to  carry  out  these  orders 
had  a  fight  with  them  on  Lost  River,  in  Oregon,  which 
commenced  the  "  Modoc  War."     He  was  engaged  in  all 


subsequent  operations  against  these  Indians  until  their 
surrender,  and  was  recommended  for  the  brevet  of  lieuten- 
ant-colonel by  General  Jeff.  C.  Davis,  commanding  the 
tii h ips  in  the  field. 

During  the  Nez  Perce  war  he  was  directed  to  join 
General  Howard,  with  his  troop,  in  Idaho.  His  timely 
arrival  on  the  Clearwater,  at  Cottonwood  Canon,  with 
reinforcements  for  the  troops  engaged  in  fighting  Joseph's 
band  of  Xez  Perces,  broke  the  resistance  of  these  Indians, 
and  caused  the  defeat  and  evacuation  of  their  fortified 
position.  He  joined  in  the  pursuit  of  these  Indians  as 
far  as  the  Judith  Basin,  in  Montana,  from  which  point 
the  cavalry  troops  were  directed  to  return  to  their 
stations.  Captain  Jackson  was  recommended  by  General 
1  low  aid  for  a  brevet  for  his  services  at  Clearwater  and 
during  the  campaign. 

He  was  promoted  major  oi  tin;  Second  Cavalry  De- 
cember 28,  [889,  and  is  at  present  on  duty  at  Fort  Win- 
gate,  New  Mexico. 

Major  Jackson's  great-grandfather,  Colonel  Benjamin 
Loxley,  of  Philadelphia,  org, mixed  ami  was  captain  of 
the  "  Philadelphia  Light-Horse,"  the  first  cavalry  troop 
raised  in  Pennsylvania  during  the  Revolutionary  War, 
Colonel  Loxley  also  raised  and  commanded  "  the  First 
Artillery  Company"  of  Philadelphia,  which  did  such 
effective  work  during  the  war  for  independence,  and  was 
a  volunteer  aide  on  General  Washington's  staff  at  Valley- 
Forge, and  at  other  times  until  independence  was  achieved. 
He  was  also  a  lieutenant  in  the  Pennsylvania  division  of 
Braddoek's  arm)',  and  assisted  in  bringing  off  the  British 
troops  after  General  Braddoek's  defeat. 


214 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  regular) 


MEDICAL  DIRECTOR  SAMUEL  JACKSON,   U.S.N. 
(retired). 

Medical  Direi  tor  Samuel  Jackson  was  born  in 
Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania.  A  graduate  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  that  State,  he  was  appointed  assistant  surgeon 
in  the  navy,  from  North  Carolina,  in  June,  [838.  In 
January,  [839,  he  received  orders  for  sea-duty,  on  board 
the  United  States  frigate  "  Constitution,"  which  vessel 
went,  as  flag-ship  of  the  Pacific  Squadron,  for  a  term  of 
three  years.  In  those  days  the  cruising  was  mostly  in 
the  South  Pacific,  California  being  seldom  visited  by  any 
ships,  except  those  which  went  there  lor  trade,  and  t<> 
collect  hide--,  the  real  currency  of  the  country,  in  return. 
Returning  to  the  East  from  this  cruise,  Dr.  [ackson  was, 
after  a  short  leave  of  absence,  ordered  to  the  "  Mi^iV 
sippi,"  the  first  steam-frigate  of  the  United  States  navy. 
In  that  vessel  he  served  during  1S41  and  a  part  of  1S42. 
lie  was  then  ordered  to  the  frigate  "Congress,"  of  the 
Mediterranean  Squadron.  He  was  afterwards  detached 
upon  the  station,  and  served,  in  succession,  in  the 
"  Preble,"  "  Fairfield,"  and  frigate  "  Cumberland,"  during 
the  years   1  S43  to   1S45. 


Tlie  year  1846  found  him  on  duty  at  the  navy-yard  at 

Philadelphia  ;  but,  the  Mexican  War  impending,  he  was 
ordered  to  the  razee  "Independence,"  flag-ship  of  the 
Pacific  Squadron,  and  served  on  board  that  ship  until 
the  conclusion  of  the  peace,  1X46-49. 

In  1849-50  he  was  at  the  Philadelphia  Navy- Yard, 
and  then  went  to  the  receiving-ship  "  Franklin,"  at 
Boston,  and  thence  to  sea-service  again  in  the  "John 
Adams,"  and  the  "  Decatur,"  of  the  Home  Squadron. 

He  was  commissioned  as  surgeon  in  September,  1852. 
During  1854—55  he  was  surgeon  of  the  rendezvous  al 
New  York.  He  then  made  a  long  cruise  on  the  coast  of 
Africa,  in  the  sloop-of-war  "St.  Louis,"  and  on  his  re- 
turn was  stationed  at  the  navy-yard  at  New  York  from 
1858  to   [86l. 

During  the  early  part  of  the  Civil  War  he  served  in 
the  frigates  "  Wabash"  and  "  Cumberland,"  and  partici- 
pated in  the  bombardment  and  capture  of  the  Confeder- 
ate forts  at  Hatteras  Inlet.  Soon  after  he  was  ordered  to 
the  "  Brooklyn,"  of  the  West  Gulf  Blockading  Squadron, 
and  served  in  her  for  nearly  two  years,  on  the  blockade 
of  Mobile  and  the  passes,  and  then,  under  Farragut, 
made  the  passage  of  the  Mississippi  forts,  the  Chalmette 
batteries,  and  the  other  operations  subsequent  to  the 
capture  of  that  city.  He  was  also  present  at  the  first 
series  of  operations  against  Yicksburg. 

In  186^-64  he  was  the  medical  officer  of  the  Naval 
Academy,  and  then  went  to  the  Boston  Navy- Yard, 
during  1865-66. 

In  the  three  succeeding  years  he  was  fleet-surgeon  of 
the  North  and  South  Pacific  Squadrons.  Upon  his  return 
he  was,  for  about  a  year,  at  the  Naval  Hospital  at  Phila- 
delphia, and  then  went  to  the  Naval  Hospital  at  New 
York,  where  he  was  on  duty  from  1.S79  to  1882. 

He  was  commissioned  as  medical  director  in  March, 
1 87 1. 

From  1S7  }  to  1S75  he  was  in  charge  of  theNaval  Hos- 
pital at  Norfolk,  Virginia,  and  was  thence  transferred  to 
the  charge  of  the  Naval  Hospital  at  Chelsea,  Massa- 
chusetts. 

He  was  retired,  by  operation  of  law,  April,  1S79. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


215 


RF.AR-ADM1RAL   THORNTON   A.  JENKINS.  U.S.N. 
(retired). 

Rear-Admiral  Thornton  A.Jenkins  was  appointed 
midshipman  from  Virginia  in  November,  1828,  and  served 
five  years  in  the  West  Indies,  in  "  Natchez,"  "  Vandalia," 
and  the  boat  squadron  in  pursuit  of  the  Cuban  pirates. 
Passed  No.  1,  at  his  examination  for  promotion,  in  a  class 
of  eighty-two,  June  2,  1834;  on  Coast  Survey  from  1834 
to  1842,  having  been  made  lieutenant  in  1839;  served  in 
the  "  Congress"  in  the  Mediterranean,  and  was  present 
at  the  capture  of  the  Buenos  Ayrean  squadron  off  Monte- 
video in  September,  1844;  on  special  service,  in  Europe, 
[845—46;  executive-officer  of"  Germantown"  during  the 
Mexican  War,  anil  commanded  store-ship  "  Relief"  dur- 
ing the  latter  part  of  the  war.  He  was  actively  engaged 
at  Tuspan  and  Tabasco  ;  Coast  Survey  from  1848  to  1852, 
and  secretary  of  Light-House  Board  from  1853  to  1858. 
Commander,  1855  ;  commanded  the  "  Preble"  in  Paraguay 
Expedition  and  Gulf  of  Mexico;  at  San  Juan  d'Ulloa 
during  the  siege  of  General  Miramon,  and  conveyed  the 
prizes  "  Miramon"  and  "  Marquis  of  Havana,"  with  their 
crews  and  passengers  as  prisoners,  to  New  Orleans.     In 

1861  secretary  of  Light-House  Board.     Captain  in  July, 

1862  ;  commanded  "  Wachusett"  in  the  James  and  Poto- 
mac Rivers;  senior  officer  present  in  the  attacks  at  Cog- 
gin's  Point  and  City-  Point.  In  the  fall  of  1862  in  com- 
mand of  "Oneida,"  blockading  off  Mobile;  was  next 
appointed  fleet-captain  and  chief  of  staff  of  Farragut's 
fleet;  present  at  the  passage  of  Port  Hudson  and  fight 
with  Grand  Gulf  batteries,  Warrenton  and  Grand  Gulf, — 
all  in  March,  1863  ;  present  at  the  siege  ami  attack  upon 
Port  Hudson,  May,  1863;  wounded  on  board  "  Monon- 
gahela"  during  the  engagement  with  enemy's  batteries  at 
College  Point,  Mississippi  River,  being  in  command  of 
three  armed  vessels  engaged  in  convoy  duty.  He  was  in 
command  of  the  "  Richmond,"  and  senior  officer  in  com- 
mand of  the  naval  forces  below,  at  the  time  of  the  sur- 
render of  Port  Hudson,  July  9,  1803.  In  command  of 
division,  on  the  Mobile  blockade,  from  December,  1863, 
to  the  battle  of  Mobile  Bay,  August  5,  1864,  in  which, 
and  all  the  subsequent  operations,  he  took  part.  He  was 
left  in  command  of  the  Mobile  Bay  division  until  Feb- 
ruary, 1865.  He  was  then  ordered  to  James  River,  and 
remained  there  until  after  Lee's  surrender. 

Admiral  Farragut,  in  his  detailed  report  of  the  Mobile 
affair,  says,  "  Before  closing  this  report,  there  is  one  other 
officer  of  my  squadron  of  whom  I  feel  bound  to  speak, — 
Captain  T.  A.  Jenkins,  of  the  '  Richmond,'  who  was  for- 
merly my  chief  of  staff,  not  because  of  his  having  held 


that  position,  but  because  he  never  forgets  to  do  his 
duty  to  the  government,  and  takes  now  the  same  interest 
in  the  fleet  as  when  he  stood  in  that  relation  to  me.  He 
is  also  commanding  officer  of  the  Second  Division  of  my 
squadron,  and,  as  such,  has  shown  ability  and  the  most 
untiring  zeal,  lie  carries  out  the  spirit  of  one  of  Lord 
Collingwood's  best  sayings, — '  not  to  be  afraid  of  doing 
too  much  ;  those  who  are,  seldom  do  as  much  as  they 
ought.'  When  in  Pensacola,  he  spent  days  on  the  bar, 
placing  buoys  in  the  best  position,  was  always  looking 
after  the  interests  of  the  service,  and  keeping  the  vessels 
from  being  detained  in  port  one  moment  more  than  neces- 
sary. The  gallant  Craven  told  me,  only  the  night  before 
the  action  in  which  he  lost  his  life,  '  I  regret,  admiral,  that 
I  have  detained  you  ;  but  had  it  not  been  for  Captain  Jen- 
kins, God  knows  when  I  should  have  been  here.  When 
your  order  came  I  had  not  received  an  ounce  of  coal.'  I 
feel  that  I  should  not  be  doing  my  duty  if  I  did  not  call 
the  attention  of  the  department  to  an  officer  who  has 
performed  all  his  various  duties  with  so  much  zeal  and 
fidelity." 

Captain  Jenkins  was  made  commodore  in  1S66,  while 
chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Navigation.  In  1869  he  became 
secretary  of  the  Light-House  Board.  Rear-admiral  in 
1870,  he  commanded  the  Asiatic  Squadron,  and  was 
relieved  on  that  station  in  1873,  having  reached  the  age 
of  retirement  in  December. 

In  March,  1874,  he  was  appointed,  by  the  President, 
commissioner  to  represent  the  Navy  Department  at 
the  Centennial  Exhibition  of  1876,  at  Fairmount  Parle, 
Philadelphia. 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  {regular) 


COLONEL  HORACE  JEWETT.    U.S.A. 

Colonej  Horace  Jewei  r  was  appointed  first  lieuten- 
ant Fifteenth  Infantry  May  14,  [861,  and  ordered  on 
the  regimental  recruiting  service  at  Xenia,  Ohio.  He 
remained  on  that  duty  about  four  weeks,  when  lie  was 
transferred  to  Columbus,  <  >hio,  to  perform  the  same  ser- 
vii  e  at  Newport,  Kentucky.  In  <  (ctoberhewas  ordered 
to  regimental  headquarters,  and  in  November  was 
ordered  from  there  to  join  that  portion  of  the  regi- 
ment serving  in  the  field  in  Kentucky.  From  No- 
vember, [861,  to  August,  1863,  he  served  constantly 
with  his  regiment  in  the  field,  taking  part  in  the  battles 
of  Shiloh,  siege  of  Corinth,  Chaplain  Hills,  Stone  River, 
and  Hoover's  Gap,  and  also  campaigns  of  Buell  and 
Rosecrans.  During  the  greater  portion  of  this  ser- 
vice he  commanded  Company  "A,"  First  Battalion. 
While  his  army  was  in  camp  about  Cowan, Tennessee, 
he  was  ordered  to  regimental  head~quarters,  Fort 
Adams,  Rhode  Island,  and  detailed  on  recruiting 
service,  stationed  first  at  Boston,  Massachusetts,  and 
afterwards  at  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania.  In  March, 
[864,  upon  his  own  application,  he  was  ordered  to 
take  a  company  from  Fort  Adams,  Rhode  Island,  to 
oin   that    portion  of    his  regiment    then   at    Graysville, 

1 gia.     lie  commanded  Company B,  Third  Battalion, 

Fifteenth  Infantry,  from  the  commencement  1  it  the 
Atlanta  campaign,  until  just  before  the  battle  of  Utoy 
('reek-,  participating  in  all  the  engagements  in  which 
his  regiment  took  part.  When  his  commanding 
officei  received  a  gunshol  wound,  he  assumed  com- 
mand of  the  detachment,  consisting  of  nine  companies, 
First  and  Third  Battalion,  Fifteenth  Infantry.  In  com- 
mand of  this  detachment  he  took  part  in  the  battles  of 
Qtoy  Creek,  Jonesborough,  and  sundry  skirmishes,  and  at 
the  close  of  the  campaign  was  ordered  with  it  to  Look- 
out Mountain,  Tennessee.     While  mi  Lookout  Mountain 


a  detachment  of  cavalry  was  ordered  to  report  to  him, 
and  he  was  ordered  to  make  an  exploration  of  the 
mountain,  with  a  view  to  the  defence  of  the  same.  In 
December  was  again  ordered  to  regimental  head- 
quarters, Fort  Adams,  and  reassigned  to  the  Philadelphia 
recruiting  service.  January,  [866,  Company  1),  First 
Battalion,  being  reorganized  at  Fort  Adams,  Rhode 
Island,  he  was  ordered  to  join  and  take  it  to  Mobile, 
Alabama  September  1,  he  was  detailed  on  the  general 
recruiting  service  at  Harrisburg,  Pennsylvania,  and 
remained  until  January  1868,  when  he  rejoined  his 
company  in  Montgomery,  Alabama.  In  March  he  was 
assigned  to  the  command  of  the  post,  embracing  seven- 
teen counties  of  the  State,  with  from  three  to  six  com- 
panies of  infantry  and  cavalry  to  assist  him  in  their  re- 
construction, and  he  remained  on  this  duty  until  the  State 
was  turned  over  to  the  civil  authorities,  when  the  regi- 
ment was  ordered  to  Texas. 

Upon  orders  lor  regiments  to  consolidate,  he  marched 
with  his  troops  from  Canton  to  Austin,  and  from  there  to 
Fort  Concho,  and  then  to  Fort  Seldon.  In  command  of 
Fort  Bascour,  New  Mexico,  from  October  17,  [869,  until 
I  lecember  1  1 ,  1S70.  From  December  19,  1870,  until  April 
30,  1 872,  he  served  at  Fort  Union,  in  0  mi  mam  1  of  his  com- 
pany, anil  at  times  the  post,  from  there  he  was  ordered  to 
Garland,  Colorado,  and  in  August  [8,  [876, proceeded  to 
Fort  Wingate,  New  Mexico.  While  stationed  there,  in 
the  tall  of  1S77,  he  arranged  and  secured  the  surrender 
ol  Victoria,  Loco,  ami  Nana,  and  three  hundred  and  thirty 
other  Warm  Spring  Apache  Indians,  who  had  been  on 
the  war-path  in  New  Mexico  and  Arizona.  In  1879  he 
marched  across  the  Navajo  Reservation  to  Farmington, 
New  Mexico,  and  camped  there  a  few  weeks  between  the 
Navajo  and  Southern  Ute  Reservations.  With  two  com- 
panies of  infantry  he  marched  from  thence  to  Animas  City, 
Colorado,  and  remained  until  tin.-  winter  of  1  SSo.  In 
1SS1  he  returned  with  his  command  to  Fort  Wingate, 
Nev\  Mexico;  w.is  there  but  a  lew  weeks,  when  he 
marched  to  Fort  Cummings,  New  Mexico,  to  join  a  large 
body  of  troops  that  was  concentrating  there  against  the 
Apaches  ;  marched  from  there,  in  pursuit  of  the  Apaches, 
to  near  the  city  of  Chihuahua,  Mexico,  when  he  was 
ordered  to  return  to  the  United  States  as  soon  as  practi- 
cable. Having  been  promoted  a  major  of  the  Sixteenth 
Infantry  January  31,  1882,  he  was  ordered  to  head- 
quarters, Department  of  Texas,  and  then  to  Fort  Mc- 
Kavett,  Texas.  From  there  he  marched  to  Fort  Stock- 
ton, ami  then  to  Fort  Concho.  Promoted  lieutenant- 
colonel  Third  Infantry  August  1.  1885,  and  was  imme- 
diately assigned  to  command  Fort  Missoula,  Montana. 
In  June,  1S8S,  he  was  ordered  to  Fort  Snelling,  Minne- 
sota, and  remained  there  until  his  promotion  as  colonel 
of  Twenty-lust  Infantry,  when  he  was  given  command  of 
Fi  n't    I  I  ua<  kiua,  the  present  station. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


2\J 


CAPTAIN   STEPHEN   PERRY  JOCELYN.   U.S.A. 

Captain  Stephen  Perry  Jocelvn  (Twenty-first  In- 
fantry) was  born  at  Brownington,  Vermont,  March  i. 
1843,  and  is  directly  descended,  in  the  eighth  generation, 
from  Anthony  Perry  of  the  Plymouth  colon}-,  who,  com- 
ing from  Devonshire  in  1638,  founded  in  New  England 
the  family  of  his  name,  which,  in  its  various  branches, 
has  furnished  a  line  of  soldiers  and  sailors  alike  distin- 
guished in  early  Indian  and  colonial  as  well  as  the  more 
recent  wars  of  the  United  States. 

Captain  Jocelyn  received  an  academic  education  in  his 
native  State,  and  when  about  to  enter  Dartmouth  College 
was  enrolled  August  22,  [863,  at  the  age  of  twenty,  in 
the  Sixth  Vermont  Infantry.  The  following  year  he 
was  commissioned  first  lieutenant  One  Hundred  and 
Fifteenth  United  States  ('..loud  Infantry,  and  served 
against  guerillas  in  Kentucky  until  December,  18(14, 
when  his  regiment  was  transferred  to  the  Army  of  the 
James,  where,  in  command  of  his  company,  he  partici- 
pated in  the  subsequent  operations  in  front  of  Rich- 
mond, being  present  at  the  fall  anil  occupation  of  that 
city,  April  3,  1865. 

Upon  the  transfer  of  General  Weitzel's  command  t.. 
Texas,  in  June,  1865,  Lieutenant  Jocelyn  accompanied  it 
with  his  regiment,  being  soon  after  appointed  quartermas- 
ter of  the  First  Brigade,  Second  Division  of  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Army  Corps,  in  which  capacity,  with  station  at  Indi- 
anola,  Texas,  he  continued  to  serve  until  mustered  out  of 
the  volunteer  service,  February  10,  1866. 

Arriving  in  Washington  from  Texas  in  April,  [866, 
Lieutenant  Jocelyn  found  awaiting  him  a  commission  of 
second  lieutenant  in  the  regular  army.  lie  was  assigned 
to  the  Sixth  Infantry,  and  joining  the  regiment  .it 
Charleston,  South  Carolina,  attained  the  grade  of  first 
lieutenant  Jul}'  28,  [866,  anil  was  promoted  captain 
Twenty-first  Infantry  May  19,  1874. 

Beginning  at  Fort  Gibson,  Indian  Territory,  in  1X1.7, 
Captain  Jocelyn  has  had  a  wide  experience  of  the  varied 
vicissitudes  of  army  service  on  the  frontier,  extending 
from  Montana  to  Texas,  and  from  Arizona  to  Alaska. 
For  some  time  in  1869-70  he  was  detailed  to  assist  Gen- 
eral Hazen  in  the  latter's  duties  of  superintendent  of 
Indian  affairs  for  the  Southern  superintendency. 

The  year  1871,  a  culminating  season  of  Apache  atro- 
cities, found  Captain  Jocelyn  afield  in  Arizona,  followed, 
during  the  years  1872-73  and  '74,  by  service  in  North- 
ern California  and  Southern  Oregon,  at  the  posts  of  Fort 
Bidwell,  Camp  Warner,  and  Fort  Klamath. 

Development  of  the  gold-fields  of  Alaska  caused 
the  re-establishment  of  Fort  Wrangel  in  1K75.  Cap- 
tain Jocelyn  was  assigned  to  and  continued  in  com- 
mand of  this  important  and  isolated  post  for  a  year  ami 
a  half. 

Captain  Jocelyn  participated  in  the  harassing  and 
28 


tedious  war  with  the  Nez  Perces,  throughout  which  he 

commanded  his  company,  being  engaged  in  the  two-days' 
fight  of  the  Clearwater  and  subsequent  skirmish  at  Kamai. 
The  summer  of  187S  furnished  another  period  of  Indian 
hostilities,  tin:  recalcitrant  Bannacks  and  Piutes  being 
brought  to  their  senses  in  the  engagement  near  Umatilla 
Ageni  y,  in  which  Captain  Jocelyn  took-  part;  after  which 
a  leave  of  absence  was  granted  Captain  Jocelvn,  which 
he  utilized  by  a  year  of  travel  and  study  in  Europe,  re- 
turning to  Fort  Townsend,  on  Puget  Sound,  in  1880, 
which  continued  to  be  his  station  for  the  next  four  years. 
He  was,  however,  detached  to  command  the  Skagit 
River  Indian  expedition  October-November,  1880,  and 
again  in  1881,  to  conduct  the  reconnoissance  for  a  mili- 
tary telegraph-line  between  Port  Angeles  and  Cape  Flat- 
tery, Washington  Territory. 

Captain  Jocelyn  has  given  considerable  attention  to 
the  subject  of  small-arms  fire  and  drill.  His  company  won 
the  Nevada  Trophy  in  1882,  and  again  the  following 
year,  and  he  was  captain  of  Department  of  Columbia 
rifle-team  in  division  contest  at  San  Francisco,  1883. 

In  1882  General  Schofield,  commanding  Division 
of  the  Pacific,  used  the  following  commendatory  lan- 
guage in  orders :  "  It  is  a  significant  fact  that  the 
company  in  this  division  which  has  this  year  made 
the  besl  average  per  cent.  (87.42)  in  competition  for 
the  Nevada  Trophy,  is  the  one  reported  by  the  assistant 
inspector-general  as  by  far  the  best  instructed  in  the 
bayonet  exercise." 

The  Twenty-first  Infantry  having  been  transferred  to 
the  Department  of  the  Platte  in  1884,  Captain  Jocelyn's 
service  since  that  year,  with  exception  of  a  tour  of  re- 
cruiting duty,  has  been  in  Wyoming, Utah,  and  Nebraska, 
at  the  posts  of  Fort  Fred  Steele,  Fort  Du  Chesne,  Fort 
Douglas,  and  Fort  Sidney.  At  the  latter  he  is  now  sta- 
tioned. 


218 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  ARMY  AXD  NA  VY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN  JOHN  BURGESS  JOHNSON,  U.S.A. 

Captain  John  Burgess  Johnson  (Third  Cavalry)  was 
born  at  Rochester,  Massachusetts,  November  29,  1847. 
He  entered  the  volunteer  service  during  the  war  of  the 
Rebellion  .is  second  lieutenant  of  the  Sixth  U.  S.  Colored 
Infantry  September  8,  1863,  and  served  with  the  Army 
of  the  James  in  the  Tenth  and  Eighteenth  Army  Corps, 
and  was  engaged  in  front  of  Petersburg,  at  the  explosion 
of  the  mine,  and  action  of  New  Market  Heights,  Vir- 
ginia, where  he  was  wounded  and  promoted  first  lieu- 
tenant. He  was  honorably  mustered  out  of  the  service 
January  20,  1865,  on  account  of  wounds  received  in 
action;  but  was  reappointed  and  mustered  to  his  pro- 
motion as  first  lieutenant  February  15,  1865,  and  joined 
his  regiment  at  Fort  Fisher,  North  Carolina.  He  par- 
ticipated in  the  engagement  at  Cox's  Bridge,  North  Caro- 


lina, and  at  the  surrender  of  General  Johnston  and  his 
army,  acting  as  aide  and  assistant  adjutant-general.  He 
was  honorably  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service 
September  20,  1865. 

Lieutenant  Johnson  entered  the  regular  service  as 
second  lieutenant  of  the  Seventh  Infantry  April  23,  1S66, 
and  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  October  12,  1S67.  He 
joined  his  regiment  in  Florida,  and  served  as  post 
adjutant  at  Fernandina.  I  Ie  served  there  and  in  Georgia 
until  May  19,  1867,  when  he  became  unassigned  by 
reason  of  the  consolidation  of  regiments.  While  unas- 
signed, Lieutenant  Johnson  was  placed  on  reconstruc- 
tion duty  in  Mississippi  until  January  1,  [87 1,  when  he 
was  assigned  to  the  Third  Cavalry.  <  )n  joining  his  regi- 
ment he  served  in  Arizona,  and  was  adjutant  of  his 
regiment  from  May,  1871,  to  April,  1878. 

The  Third  Cavalry  having  been  transferred  to  the  De- 
partment of  the  Platte,  Lieutenant  Johnson  was  in  com- 
mand of  Troop  F,  and  participated  in  the  capture  and 
destruction  of  Crazy  Horse  Sioux  village,  on  Powder 
River,  Montana,  March  17,  1876.  He  was  promoted 
captain  of  the  Third  Cavalry  April  4,  [878,  and  was  in 
command  of  the  battalion  of  the  Third  Cavalry  which 
captured  Dull  Knife's  band  of  one  hundred  and  forty- 
nine  Cheyenne  Indians  October  24,  [878,  in  the  sand- 
hills of  Northern  Nebraska. 

In  [881,  while  his  troop  was  on  duty  at  Fort  Leaven- 
worth, Captain  Johnson  was  instructor  at  the  U.  S.  In- 
fantry and  Cavalry  School,  which  position  he  retained 
until  1886,  when  he  was  transferred  to  Texas,  and  was 
in  command  of  a  battalion  of  the  Third  Cavalry  on  the 
march  from  San  Antonio  to  Brownsville.  He  has  been 
in  command  of  Fort  Brown,  Texas,  since  October  18, 
1 890. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


219 


CAPTAIN   AND   BREVET   LIEUTENANT-COLONEL 
LEWIS  JOHNSON.   U.S.A. 

Captain  and  Brevet  Lieutenant-Colonel  Lewis 
Johnson  (Twenty-fourth  Infantry)  was  born  in  Rostock, 
Germany,  March  30,  1S41.  He  entered  the  volunteer 
service  at  the  commencement  of  the  war  of  the  Rebel- 
lion, as  private  of  Company  E,  Tenth  Indiana  Infantry, 
April  18, 1 86 1,  and  was  discharged  August  6,  1 861,  having 
participated  in  McClellan's  West  Virginia  campaign,  and 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  Rich  Mountain.  He  re-entered 
the  volunteer  service  as  first  lieutenant  of  the  Tenth 
Indiana  Infantry  September  18,  1 861,  and  was  promoted 
captain  August  29,  1862.  He  participated  in  the  battles 
and  campaigns  of  the  West,  and  was  engaged  in  the 
battle  of  Mill  Springs,  Kentucky,  where  he  was  wounded. 
He  was  in  the  advance  upon  and  siege  of  Corinth,  Mis- 
sissippi, where  he  was  again  wounded.  He  then  partici- 
pated in  the  battle  of  Perry ville,  Kentucky;  action  on 
Salt  Run,  Kentucky;  advance  on  Tullahoma,  Tennessee; 
battle  of  Chickamauga,  Georgia ;  action  at  Rossville, 
Georgia ;  siege  of  Chattanooga,  Tennessee ;  battle  of 
Missionary  Ridge,  Tennessee;  engagements  of  Tunnel 
Hill,  Georgia;  Rocky-Face  Ridge,  Georgia,  and  Dalton, 
Georgia,  where  he  was  captured. 

He  was  honorably  mustered  out  of  the  Tenth  Indiana 
Infantry  September  15,  1864,  and  was  appointed  colonel 
of  the  Forty-fourth  United  States  Colored  Troops  Sep- 
tember 16,  1864.  He  was  in  command  of  troops  in  the 
action  on  Mill  Creek,  Tennessee,  December  2  and  3, 
1864,  and  commanded  his  regiment  in  the  battles  of 
Nashville,  Tennessee  (where  he  was  wounded),  and  suc- 
ceeding pursuit  of  Hood's  routed  arm)'.  He  occupied 
various  positions  on  the  staff  of  brigade,  division,  and 
corps  commanders, — on  the  staff  of  Brigadier-General  J. 
M.  Brannan,  at  Chickamauga,  and  Brigadier-General  A. 
Baird,  at  Missionary  Ridge.  He  was  in  command  of 
the  First  Colored  Brigade,  Army  of  the  Cumberland, 
Second  Brigade,  District  of  East  Tennessee,  District  of 
Northern  Alabama,  and  District  and  Post  of  Huntsville, 
Alabama.  He  commanded  the  Exchange  Barracks, 
Nashville,  Tennessee,  when  mustered  out  of  the  volun- 
teer service. 

Colonel  Johnson  had  the  following  brevets  conferred 
upon  him:  captain  March  13,  1862,  for  "gallant  and 
meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  Mill  Springs,  Ken- 


tucky;" major  March  22,  1867,  for  "  gallant  and  meri- 
torious  services  in  the  siege  of  Corinth,  Mississippi;" 
and  lieutenant-colonel  for  "  gallant  and  meritorious  ser- 
vices in  the  battle  of  Missionary  Ridge,  Tennessee." 
He  was  also  brevetted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers 
March  13,  1865,  for  "gallant  and  meritorious  services 
during  the  war." 

Colonel  Johnson  entered  the  regular  service  as  first 
lieutenant  of  the  Forty-first  United  States  Infantry  July 
28,  1866,  was  promoted  captain  December  12,  1867,  and, 
on  the  consolidation  of  regiments,  was  transferred  to  the 
Twenty -fourth  Infantry  November  11,  1869.  He  was 
on  regimental  recruiting  service  in  Alabama,  Tennessee, 
Ohio,  and  Michigan,  from  1866  to  1868,  and  then  served 
with  his  regiment  on  frontier  duty  in  Texas  from  1868 
to  1880,  at  which  time  his  regiment  was  transferred  to 
the  Indian  Territory,  where  the  colonel  was  stationed 
until  1883,  when  he  was  detailed  on  general  recruiting 
service  in  St.  Louis  and  Harrisburg,  Pennsylvania.  In 
1885  he  rejoined  his  regiment  in  the  Indian  Territory, 
and  commanded  a  battalion  of  the  Twenty-fourth  Infantry 
during  the  transfer  of  the  regiment  to  Arizona,  in  1888. 
He  commanded  the  post  of  San  Carlos,  Arizona,  from 
May,  1889,  to  October,  1891,  when  he  was  appointed 
Indian  agent  of  the  White  Mountain  (Apache)  Indian 
Reservation  at  the  San  Carlos  Agency,  on  which  duty 
he  is  at  the  present  time. 


220 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


CHIEF    ENGINEER    DAVID 


•S   |0NES,   U.N.N. 


Chief  Engineer  David  Phillips  Jones  was  bom  in 
Philadelphia  in  1841,  and  was  educated  at  the  Central 
High  School  of  that  city  when  the  celebrated  scholar 
and  educator,  Professor  fohn  S.  Hart,  was  at  its  head. 

In  1858,  when  but  a  youth,  he  was  appointed  one  of 
the  principal  examiners  of  the  Utah  Surveys.  The  duty 
of  the  examiners  was  to  test  the  accuracy  of  the  surveys 
of  the  public  lands  in  that  Territory.  After  the  comple- 
tion of  this  work  he  was  appointed  resident  engineer  of 
the  surveyor-general's  office. 

At  the  breaking  out  of  the  Civil  War  lie  returned 
East,  and  in  [862  entered  the  navy  as  assistant  engineer, 
and  was  ordered  to  duty  on  the  gun-boat  "  Cimmerone." 
This  vessel  was  attached  to  the  James  River  fleet,  and 
afterwards  was  assigned  to  Admiral  Wilkes's  Flying 
Squadron,  and  thence  transferred  to  Admiral  Dupont's 
fleet,  where'  she  participated  in  various  engagements  on 
the  St.  John's  River,  Florida. 

1  lis  next  service  was  on  the  iron-clad  "  Sangamon." 
This  was  the  vessel  that  received  the  Confederate  com 
missioners,  Stephens  and  Campbell,  upon  their  memorable 
mission  to  secure  an  interview  with  President  Lincoln. 

The  arduous  duties  and  close  confinement  on  the  iron- 
1  lad  undermined  Engineer  Jones's  health,  and  he  was  con- 
demned by  nn die. il  survey  and  detached. 

In  a  short  time  he  again  reported  for  duty  and  was 
ordered  to  the  "  Mendota."  The  "  Mendota"  was  at- 
tached to  the  James  River  fleet,  anil  partii  ipated  in  many 
actions  on  thai  river  preceding  the  fall  of  Richmond. 

While  this  vessel  was  stationed  at  Hampton  Roads, 
Engineer  Jones  was  detailed  to  carry  the  despatches 
from  Admiral  Porter  informing  General  Grant  of  the 
capture  ol  Fort  Fisher.  Army  head-quarters  weir  at 
that   time  at   City   Point.     The   dangerous  journey   was 


111. ule  at  night,  and  the  despatches  safely  delivered  to 
General  Grant  in  the  early  morning.  For  this  service 
he  was  highly  complimented  by  his  commanding  officer. 

J  lis  next  duty  was  on  the  flag-ship  "  Powhatan,"  on 
the  South  Pacific.  While  on  this  vessel  he  witnessed 
the  bombardment  of  Valparaiso  and  Callao  by  the  Span- 
iards in  [866.  After  leaving  the  "Powhatan"  he  was 
attached  to  the  "  Gettysburg"  and  "  Michigan,"  and  to 
the  Portsmouth  Navy- Yard.  He  was  stationed  at  the  lat- 
ter place  when  Admiral  Farragut  died  there,  and  was  one 
of  the  officers'  guard-of-honor  selected  to  watch  over  the 
remains.  He  was  afterwards  on  duty  in  the  Bureau  of 
Steam-Engineering,  and  was  thence  assigned  to  the 
Naval  Academy,  where  he  aided  in  perfecting  the  system 
of  mechanical  drawing  and  machine  design  for  the  cadel 
engineers.  lie  was  retained  on  this  duty  for  five  years, 
which  was  the  best  comment  upon  his  usefulness. 

Beside  the  duties  enumerated,  Engineer  Jones  has  been 
attached  to  various  vessels  and  stations,  and  also  as  pro- 
i'  sor  of  mechanical  engineering  at  the  Kansas  Normal 
College.  While  upon  extended  leave  he  became  the  en- 
gineer of  the  St.  Louis  and  Southeastern  Railway,  and 
designed  and  built  the  great  railway  transfers  at  Evans- 
ville,  Indian. 1,  and  Henderson,  Kentucky. 

<  »f  his  ability  and  the  esteem  in  which  he  is  held, 
Commander,  now  Rear-Admiral,  John  Irwin,  wrote, 
"  With  his  professional  ability  and  scholarly  attainments, 
I  consider  him  one  of  the  most  accomplished  officers  in 
the  service."  The  lamented  Captain  Shoonmaker,  in 
a  special  report  to  the  Navy  Department,  says,  "This 
method  of  repairing  the  defect  in  the  machinery  (of  the 
'  Nipsic')  was  the  design  of  Passed  Assistant  Engineer 
Jones,  and  is  very  creditable  to  the  designer,  showing- 
knowledge,  skill,  and  ingenuity." 

Chief  Engineer  Jones  is  a  member  of  many  prominent 
scientific  societies,  and  has  a  broad  and  comprehensive 
grasp  of  engineering  subjects.  I  Ie  has  always  been  iden- 
tified with  the  progressive  element  of  the  Naval  Engi- 
neer Corps,  anil  has  never  failed  to  retain  the  confidence 
and  esteem  of  the  engineers-in-chief.  The  law  authorizing 
the  detail  of  naval  engineer  officers  as  instructors  in 
technical  schools  was  his  conception. 

As  a  writer  he  has  contributed  much  to  establish  the  im- 
portance and  define  the  responsibilities  of  his  corps,  while 
hi-,  official  reports  upon  professional  topics  are  regarded 
as  models.  He  is  also  the  author  of  many  well-known 
navy  songs.  He  has  considerable  reputation  as  a  public 
speaker.  His  witty  and  eloquent  responses  to  the  toast 
of  "The  Navy,"  at  the  inaugural  banquet  given  to  Gov- 
ernor Davis,  of  Rhode  Island,  in  1890,  and  at  the  thir- 
tieth anniversary  of  the  Rhode  Island  Artillery  at  New- 
port in  [891,  will  long  be  remembered. 

Chief  Engineer  Jones's  present  duty  is  at  the  Naval 
Training  Station,  Newport,  Rhode  Island. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


22  I 


MEDICAL  INSPECTOR  WILLIAM  H.  JONES,  U.S.N. 

Medical  Inspector  William  H.  Jones  was  born  in 
Northampton     Count)-,    Pennsylvania,     December     15, 

1 840. 

I  te  was  appointed  acting  assistant  surgeon  in  the  U.  S. 
Navy  in  April,  [863,  and  ordered  on  duty  at  the  Naval 
Hospital,  Norfolk,  Virginia. 

He  was  appointed  assistant  surgeon  August  12,  [863. 

Served  on  U.  S.  S.  "  Pensacola,"  West  Gulf  Block- 
ading Squadron,  [863-64. 

U.  S.  S.  "  Marblehead"  (practice  cruise),  1864. 

U.  S.  Naval  Academy,  practice  ships,  1S64. 

U.  S.  ram  "  Tennessee,"  West  Gulf  Blockading  Squad- 
ron, 1864-65. 

LI.  S.  Naval  Hospital,  New  Orleans,  Louisiana,  1X65. 

U.  S.  Naval  Hospital,  Pensacola,  Florida,  [865-66. 

U.  S.  S.  "W.  G.  Anderson,"  West  Gulf  Blockading 
Squadron,  1866. 

Navy-yard,  Washington,  D.  C,  1866-67. 

lie  was  promoted  to  passed  assistant  surgeon  Decem- 
ber 24,  1866. 

U.  S.  S.  "  Maumee,"  Asiatic  Squadron,  1867-69. 

Navy-yard,  Washington,  D.  C,  1870-71. 

U.  S.  S.  "Jamestown,"  South  Pacific  Station,  1S71. 

U.  S.  S.  "  Saranac,"  North  Pacific  Station,  1871. 

U.  S.  S.  "  Pensacola,"  Pacific  fleet,  1871-73. 

U.  S.  S.  "  Portsmouth,"  survey  of  the  Pacific,  1873-75. 

He  was  commissioned  as  surgeon  in  July,  1873. 

U.  S.  training-ship  "  Portsmouth,"  San  Francisco,  Cali- 
fornia, 1875. 

U.  S.  receiving-ship  "Potomac,"  Philadelphia,  Penn- 
sylvania,from  December,  1875,  to  1877;  then  transferred 
to  U.  S.  S.  "  Constitution,"  at  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania, 
in  1877. 


U.  S.  S.  "Constitution,"  European  Station,  1878-79. 

U.  S.  Naval  Hospital,  Brooklyn,  New  York,  1879-80. 

U.  S.  S.  "  Michigan,"  on  the  Lakes,  1881. 

U.  S.  S.  "  Franklin,"  Norfolk,  Virginia,  18S1. 

U.  S.  S.  "Wachusett,"  Pacific  Station,  18S1-S5. 

U.  S.  Navy- Yard,  League  Island,  Pennsylvania,  1885- 
88. 

U.  S.  S.  "  Pensacola,' 

U.  S.  S.  "Richmond, 

U.  S.  S.  "  Pensacola,' 
1888-89. 

U.  S.  S.  "Swatara,"  Asiatic  Station,  189O-91. 

U.  S.  Navy- Yard,  League  Island,  Pennsylvania,  1891- 
92. 

Surgeon  Jones  was  promoted  to  medical  inspector  in 
November,  1891. 


New  York  Navy-Yard,  1888. 
New  York  Navy- Yard,  1888. 
navy-yard,     Norfolk,    Virginia, 


:j2 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   NA  VY  (regular) 


REAR-ADMIRAL  JAMES  E.  JOUETT,  U.S.N. 
(retired). 
Rear-Admiral  James  E.  Jouett  was  burn  in   Ken- 
tucky in    1828,  and  appointed  midshipman    from   that 
State  in    [841.      His  first  service  was  in  the  West  Indies 
and  Home  Squadron  on  the  razee  "  Independence,"  and 
he  next  served  on  the  coast  of  Africa  in  the    "  Deca- 
tur;" engaged  in  the  Berriby  War.     Passed  midshipman 
in    1S47.      During  the   Mexican   War  he  served  in   the 
Gulf   Squadron   in   most    of   the  operations   incident   t<> 
the  war,  so   far   as   the   east   coast    was   concerned.      He 
occupied   Point    Isabel   with   sailors  from  the    squadron 
for   some  time.      Master  September,  1  S 5 5 ,  and  lieutenant 
the  same  month.      Landed  with  detachment  at    Panama 
to  keep  transit  open  anil  protect  Americans.      In    1857 
went  out  in  the  "Chapin,"  a  chartered  vessel,  on    the 
Paraguay  Expedition.     Upon  his  return  he  was  ordered 
to  the  "Crusader,"  employed  on  special- service  in   sup- 
pressing the  slave-trade  in  Cuban  waters.      The  "  Cru- 
sader" captured  three  slavers.      In    1  S61 ,  while  at  Pcnsa- 
(  ola,  awaiting   the    return  of  the  "Crusader,"  the  navy- 
yard  was  captured  by  the  Confederate  forces,  and  Jouett 
was  placed  on  parole.     After  exchange   he  was  ordered 
to  the  frigate  "  Santee,"  on  blockade  of  Galveston,  Texas. 
Here  he  commanded  the  party  which  cut  out  the  "Royal 
Yacht,"  being  severely  wounded.     Captain  Eagle,  com- 
manding the  "Santee,"  in  his  official  report,  says  :  "  It  is 
with  pleasure  that  I  would  call  tin:  attention  of  the  De- 
partment to  the  gallantry  of  Lieutenant  Jouett.      I  le  was 
seriously  wounded  in  the  arm  and  side  at  the  commence- 
ment of  the  contest.     Although  suffering  from  wounds 
and  loss  of  blood,  he  showed  great  firmness  throughout, 
and  after  setting  fire  to  the  vessel   he  was  three  hours  in 
the  launch    pulling  for    the  ship,  and   had  the    care  of 
twelve   prisoners  and   six  of  his   wounded   men.      I   can, 
with  confidence,  recommend  him  for  a  command  of  any 


vessel  in  the  service  suitable  to  his  rank,  although  I 
should  much  regret  his  detachment  from  this  ship,  as  he 
is  a  very  efficient  officer." 

lie  was  made  lieutenant-commander  August,  1862, 
and  ordered  to  command  the  "  Cuyler,"  off  Mobile.  He 
captured  four  blockade-runners  while  on  this  duty.  He 
was  soon  ordered  to  the  command  of  the  "  Metacomet." 
In  this  command  his  vessel  was  lashed  alongside  ofFar- 
ragut's  flag-ship  at  the  battle  of  Mobile  Bay,  August  5, 
[864.  After  passing  Port  Morgan  and  the  torpedoes, 
the  rebel  gun-boats  inside  the  bay  began  to  rake  the 
flag-ship.  Farragut  ordered  the  "  Metacomet"  to  cast 
off  and  go  in  pursuit.  Jouett  promptly  pursued,  and, 
after  a  desperate  conflict,  captured  the  Confederate  war- 
steamer  "  Selma,"  and  also  rendered  other  gallant  service 
during  that  fight,  of  which  Farragut  reported  :  "  Lieu- 
tenant-Commander Jouett's  promptness  and  coolness 
throughout  the  fight  merited  high  praise,  received  his 
warmest  commendation,  and  was  worth}'  of  his  reputa- 
tion." For  this  occasion,  the  board,  of  which  Farragut 
was  president,  in  1865  recommended  Jouett  to  be  pro- 
moted thirty  numbers.  This  advancement  was  not  made. 
T/ic  zvar  was  over. 

During  the  action  in  Mobile  Pay,  it  is  related  by 
Commodore  Parker,  the  "  Metacomet"  ran  into  less  water 
than  she  drew  in  pursuit  of  the  rebel  gun-boats.  When 
this  happened,  Jouett  called  in  the  leadsman  from  the 
chains,  saying,  "The  admiral  has  directed  me  to  follow 
these  gun-boats,  and  I  am  going  to  do  it!"  Fortunately, 
the  "  Metacomet"  only  stirred  up  the  mud,  and  accom- 
plished her  mission.  Had  it  been  otherwise,  they  might 
have  tinned  upon  her,  as  they  drew  less  water. 

In  July,  lSf>6,  he  was  commissioned  as  commander, 
and  for  two  years  commanded  the  "  Michigan,"  on  the 
Lakes.  In  January,  1S74,  he  was  commissioned  as  cap- 
tain. From  June,  1880,  to  January,  1883,  he  had  com- 
mand of  the  Port  Royal  Naval  Station.  Commissioned 
commodore  January  11,  1883.  Ordered  to  command 
North  Atlantic  Squadron  as  acting  rear-admiral  in  Sep- 
tember, 1S84.  He  commanded  the  squadron  for  two 
years,  and  during  that  time,  "  by  his  prompt,  firm,  and 
judicious  course  in  the  spring  of  1885,  dining  the  rebel- 
lion on  the  Isthmus  of  Panama,  restored  order,  re- 
established transit,  prevented  great  destruction  of  prop- 
erty and  loss  of  life,  and  was  instrumental  in  bringing 
about  the  surrender  of  the  insurgent  forces  in  the  United 
States  of  Colombia,  and  reflected  credit  on  the  L  nitecl 
States  of  America." 

In  June,  1SS0,  he  was  detached  and  ordered  as  presi- 
dent of  the  Board  of  Inspection  and  Survey,  and  chief  of 
Admiral  Porter's  staff,  having  been  commissioned  as  rear- 
admiral  from  February  19,  1886. 

He  was  retired  from  active  service  by  operation  of  law 
in  February,  1890. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


223 


CAPTAIN  ALBERT  KAUTZ.  U.S.N. 

Captain  Albert  Kautz  was  born  in  Ohio  January  29, 
1839.  Appointed  acting  midshipman  September,  1854. 
Graduated  at  Naval  Academy,  Annapolis,  June  II,  1858. 
Served  in  several  vessels  of  the  Home  Squadron,  and  in 
January,  1861,  was  promoted  to  passed  midshipman  ; 
in  the  February  following  to  master,  and  in  April  to 
lieutenant.  This  rapid  promotion  was  due  to  the  man;' 
vacancies  in  the  navy-list  caused  by  the  imminence  of 
the  Civil  War.  Served  in  the  steamer  "  Flag,"  North 
Atlantic  Squadron.  In  June,  1861,  placed  in  command 
of  prize-brig  "Hannah  Balch,"  off  Charleston,  South 
Carolina,  with  orders  to  proceed  to  Philadelphia;  and  on 
June  25  was  captured,  in  sight  of  Cape  Hatteras,  by  the 
privateer  "  Winslow,"  Captain  Thomas  M.  Crossan. 
Lieutenant  Kautz  was  on  parole  in  North  Carolina  for 
two  months,  at  the  und  of  which  time  the  parole  was 
revoked  and  he  was  incarcerated  in  Henrico  County  Jail, 
Richmond,  Virginia,  by  order  of  Jefferson  L.ivis,  as  a 
retaliatory  measure  consequent  on  the  imprisonment  of 
privateers  in  the  Tombs,  at  New  York.  On  the  last  day 
of  October,  1861,  Lieutenant  Kautz  was  released  on 
parole  for  the  purpose  of  going  to  Washington  to  pro- 
cure an  exchange.  He  had  an  interview  with  the  Con- 
federate Secretaries  Benjamin  and  Mallory  before  he  left 
Richmond,  and  then  with  President  Lincoln  and  Secre- 
taries Seward  and  Welles,  in  Washington.  1  le  succeeded 
in  negotiating  an  exchange,  by  means  of  which  Lieuten- 
ant (the  present  admiral)  Worden,  the  late  Lieutenant 
George  L.  Selden,  and  himself  were  released  from  prison 
and  restored  to  duty,  on  condition  that  Lieutenants 
Stevens,  Loyall,  and  Butt  should  be  sent  South  under 
flag  of  truce.  There  were  also  three  hundred  and  fifty 
prisoners,  captured  at  Hatteras  Inlet  in  August,  1 861 , 
sent  South  under  the  same  negotiation,  for  which  were 
received  three  hundred  and  fifty  of  the  Bull  Run  prison- 
ers, captured  in  July,  1861. 

This  was  the  first  exchange  of  prisoners  authorized  by 
President  Lincoln  and  his  Cabinet,  and  marks  a  distinct 
phase  in  the  conduct  of  the  war. 

In  January,  1S62,  Lieutenant  Kautz  was  ordered  to 
the  "  Hartford,"  Admiral  Farragut's  flag-ship,  and  served 
upon  his  staff;  but  commanded  the  first  division  of 
great  guns  in  the  engagements  with  Forts  Jackson  and 
St.  Philip,  the  Chalmette  batteries,  and  the  capture  of 
New  Orleans,  in  April,  1862.  He  had  command  of  the 
howitzers,  under  Captain  Henry  Bell,  at  New  Orleans, 
and  hauled  down  the  "  Lone-Star"  flag  in  person  from 
the  City  Hall.     This  was   the   flag  which  the  mayor  re- 


fused to  strike.  He  then  hoisted  the  Stars  anil  Stripes 
on  the  Custom-House.  (The  hauling  down  of  the 
"  Lone-Star"  flag  has  been  erroneously  attributed  to 
Captain  Bell  in  some  accounts  of  those  exciting  times.) 
Lieutenant  Kautz  continued  to  serve  in  the  "Hart- 
ford" during  the  engagements  with  the  batteries  at  Vicks- 
burg  in  June  and  July,  1862.  In  August  he  was  seized 
by  malarial  fever,  condemned  by  medical  survey,  and  sent 
North.  His  next  service  was  on  board  the  steam-sloop 
"Juniata,"  of  the  West  India  Squadron,  in  1863  ;  and  in 
1S64-65  he  served  as  first  lieutenant  of  the  sloop-of-war 
"  Cyane"  in  the  Pacific.  Promoted  lieutenant-commander 
in  May,  1865.  Served  in  the  "  Winooski,"  of  the  Home 
Squadron,  and  flag-ship  "  Pensacola,"  of  the  Pacific 
Squadron,  up  to  August,  1868.  Then  on  board  the 
receiving-ship  at  Norfolk,  and  at  the  navy-yard,  Boston, 
up  to  August,  1 87 1,  at  which  time  he  was  appointed 
inspector  of  light-houses,  with  head-quarters  at  Key 
West,  Florida.  During  his  service  in  this  capacity  he 
was  promoted  to  commander  September  3,  1872.  Com- 
manded the  "  Monocacy,"  on  the  Asiatic  Station,  from 
1872  to  1873.  Light-house  inspector,  with  station  at 
Cincinnati,  from  January,  1876,  to  Jul}',  1880.  Com- 
manded the  steamer  "  Michigan,"  on  the  Lakes,  from 
August,  1880,  to  August,  1883.  In  1884  Commander 
Kautz  was  on  duty  in  the  Bureau  of  Equipment,  Navy 
Department.  Equipment  officer,  Boston,  1884-S7.  Pro- 
moted captain  June  2,  1885,  and  on  duty  at  navy-yard, 
Portsmouth,  since  June,  1890.  Captain  Kautz  has  had 
command  of  the  U.  S.  S.  "  Pensacola,"  cruising  in  the 
Atlantic,  and  then  in  the  Pacific  Ocean. 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  secular) 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL  AUGUST  VALENTINE   KAUTZ. 
U.S.A.   (retired). 

Brigadier-General  August  Valentine  Kautz  was 
born  in  the  Grand  Duchy  of  Baden  on  the  5th  of  Jan- 
uary, [828.  I  lis  parents  emigrated  the  same  year,  and  in 
[834  settled  in  Brown  County,  Ohio.  In  a  company  of 
v  1  mng  men  from  Georgetown,  he  went  to  the  Mexican  War 
as  a  volunteer  in  the  First  Ohio,  which  served  on  the 
Northern  campaign  under  General  Taylor.  He  partici- 
pated in  tiie  battle  of  Monterey,  and  upon  his  discharge  he 
was  appointed  a  cadet  at  the  Military  Academy,  graduating 
in  1852,  and  assigned  second  lieutenant  of  the  Fourth 
U.  S.  Infantry,  lie  joined  his  regiment  in  Oregon  soon 
alter  graduation,  and  served  in  Oregon  and  Washington 
Territory  until  the  Civil  War.  He  participated  in  the 
Rogue  River  Wars,  1853  and  [855,  and  was  wounded  in 
the  latter,  and  again  wounded  in  the  spring  of  1X56,  in 
the  Indian  War  mi  Puget  Sound,  for  which  action  he  was 
commended  for  gallantry  in  general  orders  No.  14.  from 
the  head-quarters  of  the  army,  dated  November  13,  1857, 
by  General  Scott.     Promoted  first  lieutenant  in  1854. 

He  was  appointed  captain  Sixth U.  S.  Cavalry  in  1861, 
and  served  with  the  regiment  from  its  organization 
through  the  Peninsula  campaign  of  [862,  and  com- 
manded the  regiment  during  the  seven  days,  and  up  to 
South  Mountain,  September  10,  when  appointed  colonel 
Second  (  >hio  Cavalry,  and  joined  the  regiment  in  Kansas. 

I  lis  regiment  was  subsequently  ordered  to  Camp  Chase, 
Ohio,  and  Colonel  Kautz  commanded  that  post  from  De- 
cember, [862,  to  April,  i.xr>3.  Early  in  April,  [863,  he- 
took  the  Held  with  his  regiment,  and  served  in  Kentucky, 
his  regiment  forming  a  part  of  General  Carter's  Division. 
He  participated  in  a  number  of  engagements  until  the 
Morgan  raid,  which  he  joined  from  the  Cumberland 
River  to  Portland,  Ohio.  His  judicious  attack  on  Mor- 
gan's rear  early  in  the  morning  with  simply  the  advance 


of  Hobson's  force,  which  was  fifteen  miles  in  the  rear, 
prevented  Morgan  from  recrossing  the  Ohio,  and  led  to 
the  capture  on  that  day  ami  the  day  following. 

Upon  the  organization  of  the  Twenty-third  Corps  for 
the  campaign  into  East  Tennessee,  Colonel  Kautz  was 
assigned  as  chief  of  cavalry  of  the  corps,  and  served  in 
that  capacity  to  the  capture  of  Knoxville,  and  through 
the  subsequent  siege  by  the  rebel  forces. 

In  the  spring  of  1864  Colonel  Kautz  took  the  field, 
having  been  appointed  brigadier-general,  and  assigned 
to  the  command  of  the  cavalry  division  of  the  Army  of 
the  James.  This  command  was  an  independent  command 
under  General  Butler,  and  was  used  to  cut  the  railroads 
south  of  Richmond  and  Petersburg  while  Bermuda  Hun- 
dred was  being  occupied.  He  served  alternately  with  the 
Ai  ni)-  of  the  James  and  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  through- 
out the  year  1X64.  He  entered  Petersburg  with  his  small 
cavalry  command  on  the  9th  of  June.  1X64,  and  had  he 
been  properly  supported  by  the  infantry  it  might  have 
been  held,  and  the  long  siege  that  followed  have  been 
avoided.  He  led  the  advance  of  the  Wilson  raid,  which 
cut  the  roads  leading  into  Richmond  from  the  south  for 
more  than  forty  days. 

During  the  winter  of  1864—65  he  held  and  picketed 
the  right  flank  of  the  Army  of  the  James  with  his 
cavalry  command.  When  the  dispositions  were  made  for 
the  final  campaign  in  the  last  days  of  March,  1865,  General 
Kautz  was  assigned  to  the  First  Division,  Twenty-fifth 
Army  Corps,  as  brevet  major-general,  and  he  marched 
his  division  of  colored  troops  into  Richmond  on  the  3d  of 
April.  Soon  after  the  death  of  Mr.  Lincoln  he  was 
detailed  as  a  member  of  the  Military  Commission  for  the 
trial  of  the  conspirators  implicated  in  the  assassination. 

When  the  army  was  reorganized,  in  iXf)f>,  General 
Kautz  was  appointed  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Infantry.  He  served  with  his  regiment  in  Missis- 
sippi on  reconstruction  duty,  and  in  1869,  on  the  reduc- 
tion of  the  army,  was  assigned  lieutenant-colonel  of  the 
Fifteenth  Infantry,  and  commanded  the  regiment  for  sev- 
eral years  on  the  New   Mexican  frontier. 

In  June,  1874,  General  Kautz  was  promoted  colonel  of 
the  Eighth  Infantry,  and  joined  his  regiment  in  Arizona. 
In  March,  1875,  he  was  placed  in  command  of  the  Depart- 
ment of  Arizona,  and  relieved  General  Crook.  General 
Kautz  was  brevetted  major-general  in  the  volunteers  as 
well  as  the  regular  service. 

General  Kautz, as  colonel  of  the  Eighth  Infantry,  com- 
manded the  post  of  Fort  Niobrara,  Nebraska,  from  De- 
cember, 1XX6,  to  December,  1890,  when  he  was  appointed 
the  president  of  the  Magazine-Gun  Board.  On  the  20th 
o|  April,  1891,  he  was  appointed  brigadier-general,  and 
assigned  to  the  command  of  the  Department  of  the  Col- 
umbia. He  commanded  the  department  until  the  5th  of 
January,  1892,  when  he  was  retired  in  accordance  with.  law. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


22  C 


MAJOR   E.   R.    KELLOGG,   U.S.A. 

Major  E.  R.  Kellogg  (Kighth  Infantry)  was  born  at 
Newfield,  Tompkins  County,  New  York,  March  25, 
1842.  He  began  the  study  of  law  early  in  April,  1861, 
at  Norwalk,  Ohio,  but  enlisted  (in  what  afterwards  be- 
came Company  "A,"  Twenty-fourth  Ohio  Volunteer 
Infantry),  April  15,  1 86 1,  at  Norwalk.  He  was  mustered 
to  date  from  April  22,  1S61.  He  was  a  private,  corporal, 
and  sergeant  in  this  company,  and  was  made  sergeant- 
major  of  the  regiment  in  June,  [861,  and  second  lieuten- 
ant July  8,  1 86 1.  (He  has  his  commission  to  prove  this. 
It  has  been  twice  sent  to  the  War  Department,  but  the 
officials  there  refused  to  correct  the  Army  Register, 
because  the  muster-roll  of  Company  "  A,"  Twenty-fourth 
Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry,  gives  his  commission  a  differ- 
ent date.)  Lieutenant  Kellogg  served  in  West  Virginia 
from  July  until  October,  1861,  and  was  in  action  at 
Greenbrier  River  in  September  of  that  year.  He  re- 
signed October  28,  1861,  and  enlisted  in  Company  "  1!," 
First  Battalion  Sixteenth  LT.  S.  Infantry,  November  29, 
1 861,  and  immediately  joined  the  Army  of  the  Ohio,  in 
Kentucky.  He  was  appointed  a  sergeant  of  Company 
"  B,"  Sixteenth  Infantry,  on  the  day  following  his  enlist- 
ment ;  was  made  sergeant-major  about  a  week  later,  and 
was  soon  recommended  for  a  commission;  but  this 
recommendation  was  lost  in  the  adjutant-general's  office 
before  it  was  acted  upon.  He  was  again  recommended 
immediately  after  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  in  which  he 
participated  with  his  battalion,  and  was  commissioned  a 
second  lieutenant  in  the  Sixteenth  Infantry  from  that 
date,  April  7,  1862.  He  was  promoted  to  first  lieutenant 
May  3,  1S62,  and  to  captain  February  16,  1S65. 

He  served  constantly  with  his  regiment  in  the  field  in 
Kentucky,  Tennessee,  Mississippi,  Alabama,  and  Georgia, 
until  the  close  of  the  Atlanta  campaign,  in  [864;  was  in 
the  battle  of  Shiloh,  actions  before  Corinth,  Mississippi, 
and  at  Dog  Walk,  Kentucky  ;  battle  of  Murfreesborough, 
or  Stone  River,  Tennessee;  combat  at  Hoover's  Gap, 
Tennessee;  at  Rocky  Lace  and  Buzzard  Roost.  Georgia, 
in  February,  1864;  again  in  the  Atlanta  campaign,  at 
Rocky  Face  and  Buzzard  Roost,  Resaca,  New  Hope 
Church,  Kenesaw  Mountain,  Neal  Dow  Station,  Peach- 
Tree  Creek,  Utoy  Creek,  Atlanta,  and  Jonesborough, 
Georgia,  in  which  last  battle,  September  1,  1864,  he- 
commanded  the  two  left  companies  of  his  regiment,  and 
was  dangerously  wounded  by  a  musket-ball  through  his 
right  hip.  In  the  charge  at  Jonesborough  his  regiment  was 
checked  by  the  enemy's  fire  when  near  his  works,  but 
Lieutenant  Kellogg  took  his  two  companies  forward, 
drove  the  enemy  from  the  intrenchments  in  his  front, 
and,  although  enfiladed  and  wounded  by  his  fire,  held 
the  position  until  the  rest  of  his  regiment  joined  him. 

In  January,  1866,  he  took  command  of  a  company 
of  his  regiment  at  Madison  Barracks,  Sackett's  Harbor, 
29 


New  York.  From  there  he  went  to  Nashville,  and  then 
to  Memphis,  Tennessee.  He  was  transferred  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Infantry  September  25,  1866,  and  was  on 
general  recruiting  service  in  Toledo,  Ohio,  about  one 
year,  in  1S66-07,  and  then  was  stationed  at  Paducah,  Ken- 
tucky, from  January,  [868,  until  April,  1869,  when  he 
went  to  Atlanta,  Georgia,  with  his  regiment,  and  was 
there  transferred  to  the  Eighteenth  Infantry,  in  which  he 
served  until  December  26,  1888.  He  served  at  various . 
places  in  the  Southern  States  from  April,  1 869,  until  April, 
1 S79.  1  le  commanded  the  post  of  Chattanooga,  Tennes- 
see, from  Jul}',  1S77,  until  April  1879,  when  he  went  to 
Montana.  He  served  at  Fort  Assinaboine  from  May,  1879, 
until  May,  1885, and  was  in  the  field  from  July  until  Octo- 
ber, in  1S82,  in  command  of  three  companies  of  the  Eigh- 
teenth Infantry  and  three  troops   of  the  Second  Cavalry. 

He  was  stationed  at  Fort  Hays,  Kansas,  from  June, 
1885,  until  September,  1S87,  when  he  was  detailed  on 
general  recruiting  service  at  Cleveland,  Ohio.  He  was 
promoted  major  of  the  Eighth  Infantry  December  26, 
1  SSS,  Nebraska,  in  April,  1  889  ;  serving  at  Fort  Robinson, 
Nebraska,  from  April,  [889,  until  September,  1890,  when 
he  went  to  Fort  Washakie,  Wyoming,  which  post  he 
commanded  until  December,  1891,  when  he  was  ordered 
to  Fort  McKinney,  Wyoming. 

Major  Kellogg  was  acting  assistant  adjutant-general 
to  Lieutenant-Colonel  J.  V.  Bomford,  Sixteenth  Infan- 
try, for  a  few  weeks  in  1862,  while  he  commanded  the 
Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  and  Nineteenth  Regiments  U.  S. 
Infantry,  in  Buell's  army,  and  was  battalion  quarter- 
master from  January  until  March  or  April,  1864. 

He  was  brevetted  captain  for  "  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  in  the  battle  of  Murfreesborough,  Tennessee," 
and  major  for  "  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the 
Atlanta  campaign,  and  in  the  battle  of  Jonesborough, 
Georgia." 


226 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular-) 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL  J<  >HN    C.   KELTON,   U.S.A. 

Brigadier- General  John  C.  Kelton  (adjutant-gen- 
eral) was  born  in  Pennsylvania  June  24,  [828,  and  grad- 
uated at  the  Military  Academy  July  1,  1851.  He  was 
promoted  brevet  second  lieutenant  of  the  Sixth  Infantry 
the  same  day,  second  lieutenant  December  31,  i85l,and 
first  lieutenant  May  9,  1855.  I  Ie  served  at  Fort  Snelling, 
Minnesota,  from  September  29,  1 85 1 ,  to  November  15, 
1852  ;  at  Traverse  de  Sioux,  Minnesota,  to  December  4, 
1S52  ;  at  Fort  Snelling,  Minnesota,  to  April  26,  1853  ;  at 
Fort  Ridgely,  Minnesota,  to  July  26,  1854;  on  an  ex- 
ploring expedition  to  August  21,  1854;  at  Fort  Ridgely, 
Minnesota,  to  September  30,  1854;  at  Jefferson  Barracks, 
Missouri,  to  November  4,  1 S 5 4  ;  on  recruiting  service  to 
December  1,  1854;  at  Jefferson  Barracks,  Missouri,  to 
April  16,  1855  ;  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  to  June  9, 
1855  ;  on  the  march  to  and  at  Fort  Laramie,  Nebraska,  to 
November  21,  1S56;  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  to 
January  3,  1857.  He  was  then  detailed  at  the  U.  S.  Mili- 
tary Academy,  as  assistant  instructor  of  infantry  tactics, 
from  March  6,  [857,  to  February  28,  1858,  and  as  in- 
structor in  the  use  of  small-arms  and  military  gymnastics, 
etc.,  to  April  24,  1861,  having  been  on  leave  from  June 
15,  1859,  tn  April  24,  1861. 

He  was  appointed  brevet  captain  and  assistant  adjutant- 
general  May  1  1,  181. 1,  and  captain  and  assistant  adjutant- 


general  August  3,  1861.  He  was  also  appointed  colonel 
of  the  Ninth  Missouri  Infantry  September  19,  1861,  which 
he  held  until  March  1, 1862,  having  been  appointed  colonel 
and  additional  aide-de-camp  January  4,  1862,  which  posi- 
tion he  held  until  May  31,  1866. 

At  the  commencement  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion 
General  Kelton  was  detailed  as  purchasing  commissary 
of  subsistence  at  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  from  May  11  to 
August  5,  1861,  and  assistant  adjutant-general  of  the 
Department  of  the  West  from  June  13  to  September  19, 
[861.  lie  was  in  command  of  a  brigade  in  military 
operations  in  Missouri  from  September  21  to  November 
21,  [861.  He  was  then  placed  on  duty  as  assistant  adju- 
tant-general of  the  Department  of  the  Missouri  from 
November  24,  1861,  to  March  1  1,  1 862,  and  of  the  Depart- 
ment of  the  Mississippi  from  March  1  1,  1862,  to  July  1  1, 
[862,  participating  in  the  advance  upon  and  siege  and 
occupation  of  Corinth,  Mississippi,  April  19  to  Jul)'  17, 
1862.  Then  he  was  assistant  adjutant-general  on  the  staff 
of  Major-General  Halleck,  while  general-in-chief  of  the 
armies  of  the  United  States,  from  July  1  1,  1862,  to  March 
12,  [864,  while  chief  of  staff  to  the  army,  March  12,  18(4, 
to  April  [9,  1865,  and  while  at  Richmond,  Virginia,  com- 
manding the  Military  Division  of  the  James,  April  22  to 
Jul)'  1,  1865. 

lie  was  promoted  major  and  assistant  adjutant-general 
Julv  17,  1862,  and  was  brevettcd  lieutenant-colonel  and 
colonel  March  13,  1865,  "fur  most  valuable  and  arduous 
services  both  in  the  held  and  at  head-quarters,"  and 
brigadier-general  March  13,  1865,  "for  valuable  and 
arduous  services  during  the  war,  both  in  the  field  and  at 
head-quarters." 

After  the  war  closed,  General  Kelton  was  on  duty  in  the 
adjutant-general's  office  at  Washington,  D.  C.,  from  July 
<>,  1865,  to  February  10,  1870;  on  special  service  in  Eu- 
rope to  Julv  21,  1871);  assistant  adjutant-general  of  the 
1  >iv  ision  of  the  Pacific  from  August  3,  1  870,  to  September 
><  >,  1  885  ;  on  duty  in  the  adjutant-general's  office  at  Wash- 
ington, 1).  C,  from  October  13,  1885,  to  June  7,  1889; 
and  adjutant-general  of  the  army  since  that  date. 

He  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel  and  assistant 
adjutant-general  March  2^,  1866,  and  colonel  and  assist- 
ant adjutant-general  June  15,  1880.  On  June  7,  1889, 
he  was  appointed  brigadier-general  and  adjutant-general 
of  the  army,  which  position  he  now  occupies. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


227 


CAPTAIN   FREDERIC   A.   KENDALL.  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Captain  Frederic  A.  Kendall  was  born  in  New 
Hampshire  August  28,  1838.  He  graduated  from  Bow- 
doin  College,  Maine,  in  i860;  degree  of  MA.  conferred 
by  same  college  in  1868. 

He  entered  the  volunteer  service  early  in  the  war  of 
the  Rebellion  as  private  of  Company  B,  Eleventh  Indiana 
Infantry,  June  iS,  1861  ;  was  transferred  to  Company  I, 
First  New  Hampshire  Infantry,  July  23,  1861,  and  was 
discharged  August  9,  1 86 1.  He  was  appointed  second 
lieutenant  of  the  Fourth  New  Hampshire  Infantry  Sep- 
tember 18,  1861  ;  promoted  first  lieutenant  November  2, 
1862,  and  captain  September  27,  1864. 

He  took  part  in  the  Port  Royal  expedition,  and  was  in 
the  Department  of  the  South  to  April,  1864,  participating 
in  the  operations  against  Forts  Sumter  and  Wagner,  and 
in  the  expedition  to  Florida  in  January,  1864,  and  was 
engaged  in  the  action  at  Pocotaligo,  South  Carolina.  Lie 
was  then  transferred  to  the  Army  of  the  James,  and  was 
engaged  in  the  actions  of  Bermuda  Hundred,  Drury's 
Bluff,  Cold  Harbor,  Mine  Explosion,  and  battle  of  Fus- 
sel's  Mills,  Virginia;  he  was  also  engaged  at  the  capture 
of  Fort  Harrison,  and  in  the  operations  terminating  in 
the  surrender  of  General  Lee.  I  le  was  on  duty  as  assist- 
ant commissary  of  musters  of  the  Third  Division,  Tenth 
Army  Corps,  from  September,  1864,  and  on  mustering 
duty  at  Richmond  and  Petersburg,  Virginia,  until  August 
17,  1S65,  when  he  resigned  his  volunteer  commission  to 
accept  commission  as  captain. 

Captain  Kendall  again  entered  the  volunteer  service  as 
captain  of  the  Eighth  U.  S.  Colored  Troops  (  Ictober  9, 
1865,  and  was  ordered  to  duty  in  Texas,  where  he  served 
as  assistant  commissary  of  musters  of  the  district  of  the 
Rio  Grande  until  mustered  out,  February  10,  1866. 
He  then  entered  the  regular  service  July  28,  1S66,  as 
second  lieutenant  of  the  Fortieth  Infantry,  and  served  in 
Texas  as  acting  assistant  U.  S.  marshal  of  Western  Texas 
until  1870. 

After  entering  the  regular  service  Lieutenant  Kendall 
was,  on  March  2,  1867,  brevetted  first  lieutenant  and  cap- 
tain U.  S.  Army  "  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at 


Fort  Harrison,  Virginia."  He  was  promoted  first  lieu- 
tenant Jul}'  31,  1867;  transferred  to  the  Twenty-fifth 
Infantry  April  20,  1869,  and  promoted  captain  March  22, 
1879.  Ue  remained  on  duty  with  his  regiment  until 
[874,  when  he  was  detailed  on  the  recruiting  service, 
being  relieved  from  that  duty  in  <  Jctober,  1876.  He  was 
then  detailed  on  college  duty  in  Ohio,  and  while  on  that 
duty  was  assigned  to  duty  by  the  Governor  of  Ohio  in 
connection  with  the  National  Guard,  being  appointed 
special  aide-de-camp,  with  the  rank  of  colonel  in  the 
State  militia,  by  Governors  Young  and  Bishop, — in  all 
three  years. 

Captain  Kendall  was  relieved  from  duty  in  1879,  and 
was  retired  horn  active  service  December  4,  1884,  for 
disability  in  the  line  of  duty. 

In  February,  1886,  appointed  general  agent  of  the 
Penn  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Company  of  Philadelphia 
for  Northern  Ohio,  with  head-quarters  at  Cleveland, 
which  position  he  still  occupies. 

In  18S7  was  elected  first  president  of  the  Cleveland 
Life  Underwriters'  Association,  and  was  re-elected  for  a 
second  term  in  1890. 

In  1S90  elected  a  vice-president  of  the  National  Life 
Underwriters'  Association  at  Boston. 


228 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


MAJOR   WM.   B.  KENNEDY,    U.S.A. 

Major  Wm.  I>.  Kennedy  (Fourth  Cavalry)  was  born 
in  Ireland,  August  12,  1834,  and  brought  to  the  United 
States  in  1841.  He  entered  the  volunteer  service  March 
3,  1863,  as  first  lieutenant  of  Company  I,  First  California 
Cavalry,  and  was  promoted  captain  of  the  same  company 
June  26,  [863.  He  was  first  ordered  to  duty  at  Benicia 
Barracks,  California,  December  10,  1863,  and  remained 
on  duty  at  that  station,  under  Colonel  II.  M.  Black,  then 
colonel  of  the  Sixth  California  Infantry,  to  March  10, 
1864,  when  he  was  ordered  to  proceed  to  the  Department 
of  Arizona.  After  a  delay  at  Fort  Yuma  of  about  three 
weeks,  he  arrived  at  Tucson,  Arizona  Territory,  May  4, 
1S64.  lie  was  then  ordered  to  take  station  at  El  Riven- 
ton,  where  he  remained  until  fune  24,'  and  was  then 
transferred  to  Titbar,  Arizona  Territory. 

On  the  10th  of  July,  1864,  Captain  Kennedy  was  de- 
tached from  his  company  and  ordered  to  conduct  a  supply 
train,  with  a  guard  of  twenty  cavalrymen  and  five  infan- 
trymen, lie  conducted  this  train  of  forty  wagons,  from 
Tucson,  Arizona  Territory,  to  fort  Goodwin,  Arizona 
Territory,  through  a  country  almost  unknown,  and 
seemingly  unsuited  fir  wagon  travel ;  the  march  was 
toilsome  and  dangerous,  owing  to  unbroken  roadways, 
July  heat,  presence  in  close  proximity  of  large  forces  of 
Cayotan  Apaches.  On  this  trip  he  found  and  named 
Eureka  Spring,  which  name  it  bears  to  this  date  and 
possibly  for  all  time.     He  reached  Goodwin  about    July 


20,  18C4,  when  the  wisdom  and  provision  of  the  then 
post  commander  saved  his  command  anil  animals  from 
exhaustion  from  heat  and  thirst,  by  causing  a  water- 
wagon,  with  a  large  force  of  mules  attached  thereto,  to 
be  dragged  through  the  sand  some  six  miles,  where  his 
command  was  halted,  the  tired  men  and  animals  getting 
a  share  of  the  life-giving  fluid.  This  was  not  war,  but 
was  hard,  dangerous  work  at  the  time.  On  his  return 
to  Tucson  and  station  at  Frebace  he  was  ordered,  on  or 
about  August  4, 1 864,  to  proceed  to  Fort  Goodwin  with  his 
company  and  there  take  station,  where  he  was  in  com- 
mand from  June,  1865,  to  November  1,  1865,  when  or- 
dered to  Fort  McDowell,  Arizona  Territory,  then  in 
course  of  construction.  He  was  at  this  point  to  March 
31,  1866,  when  he  marched  to  California,  and  was  mus- 
tered out  with  his  company  at  the  Presidio  of  San 
Francisco,  May  22,  1866.  There  is  no  records  of  wars 
or  fights  during  this  time,  but  unadulterated  work  of 
scouting  and  marching  after  the  nomad,  where  a  possible 
show  was  given  for  his  pursuit  or  punishment. 

<  )n  the  22d  of  January,  1867,  Captain  Kennedy  was 
appointed  first  lieutenant  of  the  Tenth  United  States 
Cavalry,  and  promoted  captain  June  7,  1870.  He  or- 
ganized Troop  G  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  and  was 
ordered  with  the  troop  to  guard  the  grading  parties  of 
the  Kansas  Pacific  Railway,  then  in  course  of  construc- 
tion, and  while  thus  engaged  his  command  was  attacked 
with  the  cholera,  July  24,  1807,  which  carried  off  twelve 
men  in  seven  days,  thus  losing  one-seventh  of  his  available 
strength.  He  took  station  at  Fort  Riley,  Kansas,  Decem- 
ber 10,  1867,  where  he  remained  until  April  15,  1868, 
when  he  was  ordered  with  his  troop,  with  a  battalion  of 
the  Tenth  Cavalry,  for  duty  in  the  field,  continuing  on 
that  duty  until  the  December  following,  and  then  was 
granted  sick-leave  to  June,  I  869. 

The  captain  was  at  Fort  Dodge  until  August  20,  1S70, 
when  he  joined  Troop  F,  as  captain  by  promotion,  ami 
remained  on  duty  with  this  troop  in  all  the  work  of  scout- 
ing and  frontier  duty,  including  all  campaigns  against 
Indians  in  Kansas,  Indian  Territory,  Texas  (length  and 
breadth),  New  Mexico,  and  Arizona.  He  commanded 
Troop  F,  in  all  its  wanderings  and  changes,  through 
twenty-one  years  and  seven  months,  quitting  its  command 
by  promotion  to  the  Fourth  Cavalry  as  major,  January 
1,  1892,  surrendering  the  actual  command  January  31, 
[892. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


229 


MEDICAL  INSPECTOR  EDWARD    KERSHNER,  U.S.N. 

Dr.  Kershner's  ancestors  were  early  settlers  of  Wash- 
ington Count}-,  Maryland,  where  they  bought  land  from 
the  Indians.  Me  was  born  in  Hagerstown,  Maryland, 
and  graduated  in  medicine  at  the  University  of  the  City 
of  New  York'  in  1861.  All  the  young  men  were  then 
going  into  either  military  or  naval  service,  and  he  entered 
the  navy  as  assistant  surgeon,  being  stationed  at  the 
Washington  Navy- Yard  for  a  short  time,  and  where  he 
had  an  opportunity  of  seeing  Lincoln  and  other  persons 
who  were  to  be  prominent  in  our  history.  He  was 
then  attached  to  the  "  Cumberland,"  and  in  that  ves- 
sel experienced  the  fierce  fight  and  sudden  destruction 
which  often  characterized  naval  warfare.  It  is  not  neces- 
sary to  repeat  here  the  story  of  the  "  Cumberland," — it 
suffices  to  say  that  Surgeon  Charles  Martin  and  Assist- 
ant Surgeon  Kershner  attended  the  many  dreadfully 
wounded  until  they  had  to  leave  them,  or  go  down  with 
them.  They  were  among  the  last  to  leap  from  the 
ports  of  the  sinking  ship,  and  were  fortunately  assisted 
by  boats  to  the  shore,  close  by.  Lieutenant  George 
Morris,  in  his  report  of  the  action,  says:  "Among  the 
last  to  leave  the  ship  were  Surgeon  Martin  and  Assistant 
Surgeon  Kershner,  who  did  all  they  could  for  the 
wounded."  Dr.  Kershner  reached  Fortress  Monroe,  and 
then  Assistant  Secretary  Fox  ordered  him  to  take  charge 
of  Lieutenant  Worden,  of  the  "  Monitor,"  who  had  been 
injured  in  action  with  the  "  Merrimac,"  and  accompanied 
him  to  Washington.  This  duty  performed,  he  was  sum- 
moned by  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy,  and  gave  the  first 
verbal  account  of  the  actions  in  Hampton  Roads,  by  .in 
eye-witness,  to  persons  at  the  seat  of  government. 

Dr.  Kershner  was  then  ordered  to  the  Washington 
Navy- Yard  again,  and  as  soon  as  the  "  New  Ironsides" 
was  finished,  at  Philadelphia,  he  was  ordered  to  her. 
She  was  the  most  powerful  ship  in  the  navy,  and  one  of 
the  most  powerful  in  the  world  at  that  time.  She  went  to 
Hampton  Roads,  to  cover  the  movements  of  McCIellan's 
arm_\-,  and  then  was  ordered  to  Charleston.  The  services 
of  that  ship,  in  storm  and  battle,  are  well  known.  She 
succeeded,  in  spite  of  gloomy  predictions  by  certain 
people.  Her  history  is  a  most  remarkable  and  interesting 
one. 

In  February,  1S64,  Dr.  Kershner  was  transferred  to 
the  monitor  "  Passaic,"  and  served  in  her  in  all  the 
operations  until  the  June  following,  when  he  was  ordered 
North.  In  August  he  went  to  the  Mississippi,  serving  in 
the  iron-clad  ram  "  Choctaw,"  one  of  the  most  actively 
employed  of  all  Porter's  squadron.  Here  he  remained 
until  the  close  of  the  war. 

Although  in  bad  health  from  long  exposure  to  malaria 


in  the  Southern  rivers,  he  passed  the  examination  for 
passed  assistant  surgeon  in  September,  1865.  In  Jan- 
uary, 1866,  he  was  ordered  to  the  "  Tacony,"  and  was  on 
the  Atlantic  coast  until  October,  when  the  officers  and 
ship's  company  were  transferred  to  the  "  Osceola,"  which 
vessel  cruised  in  the  West  Indies, —  suffering  much  from 
fever,  and  escaping,  by  a  very  few  days,  the  great  earth- 
quake at  Santa  Cruz,  which  threw  the  "  Monongahela" 
on  shore. 

He  was  next  most  commendably  employed  in  the 
cholera  epidemic  of  the  receiving-ship  "Potomac,"  at 
Philadelphia;  and  when  that  was  over  he  went  to  the 
receiving-ship  at  New  York.  He  was  then  ordered  to 
the  "  Richmond,"  and  cruised  in  Europe  for  three  years. 
He  afterwards  served  at  the  Naval  Hospital,  and  on  the 
receiving-ship  at  New  York,  being  made  surgeon  in  1872. 
In  1874  he  sailed  in  the  "  Swatara,"  upon  the  Transit 
of  Venus  Expedition,  acting  as  photographer  and  natu- 
ralist, and  bringing  to  the  "  Smithsonian"  many  specimens 
new  to  science.  He  remained  attached  to  the  "  Swatara" 
until  1877,  when  he  was  ordered  to  special  duty  in  New 
York.  After  this  he  was  on  duty  in  the  "  Minnesota" 
training-ship,  and,  after  his  tour  there,  was  again  on 
"special  duty"  in  New  York,  acting  at  the  same  time  as 
professor  in  the  post-graduate  school.  In  1SS3  he  went 
to  China  in  the  "  Omaha,"  having  several  epidemics  to 
encounter.  On  his  return  home  he  served  in  New  York, 
being  promoted  to  medical  inspector  in  1S91.  Here  he 
superintended  the  building  and  fitting  of  the  new  medical 
and  surgical  office  at  the  navy-yard,  where  every  facility 
is  offered  for  professional  work,  as  well  as  for  chemical 
examinations  of  supplies  and  materials.  At  present  Dr. 
Kershner  is  "  waiting  orders." 


230 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN    H.    H.    KETCHUM.    U.S.A. 

Captain  H.  II.  Ketchum  (Twenty-second  Infantry) 
was  a  sun  of  Henry  and  Mary  A.  Ketchum,  who  were 
born  in  Vermont  in  1806.  He  received  an  academic 
education.  Enlisted  in  [86l  in  the  Sixteenth  New  York 
Volunteers,  at  the  age  ol  seventeen.  He  participated  in 
the  Peninsula  campaign  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
and  was  slightly  wounded  at  Gaines'  Mill.  He  contin- 
ued in  the  field  with  that  army  through  the  Maryland 
campaign,  and  was  discharged  after  the  battle  of  Antie- 
tam, broken  down  in  health,  owing  to  his  youth.  When 
he  regained  his  health  again  he  enlisted  in  the  First  New 
York  Engineers,  and  was  mustered  out  of  service  June 
1,  1865. 

He  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  in  the  Thir- 
teenth Infantry  on  the  23d  of  February,  iS66,  and  served 
at  Fort  Buford  dining  the  summer  of  [866,  fighting 
Indians  almost  daily  during  that  time.  He  then  served 
at  Port  Dakota  until  July,  1867.  He  was  promoted 
fust  lieutenant  and  served  at  Fort  Sully  until  1874,  when 
he  was  appointed  adjutant  Twenty-second  Infantry,  by 
General  Stanley.  He  served  in  that  capacity  over  twelve 
years. 

Lieutenant  Ketchum  was  adjutant-general  of  the  Yel- 
lowstone expeditions  under  General  Stanley  during  the 
years  1S71  and  1873;  had  his  horse  killed  under  him 
in  an  Indian  tight  in  August,  1  S73,  at  the  mouth  of  Pig 
Horn  River,  Montana,  while  serving  with  General  Custer 
in  the  capacity  of  aide.  General  Stanley,  in  a  report  to  the 
adjutant-general  of  the  army,  says,  "  I  have  the  honor  to 
state  that  on  the  I  ith  of  August,  1873,  the  troops  under 
my  command  had  a  severe  engagement  with  the  Sioux 
Indians  on  the  Yellowstone  River,  near  the  mouth  of  the 
Pig  Horn.     The  principal  fight  was  between  seven  troops 


of  the  Seventh  Cavalry,  commanded  by  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  G.  A.  Custer,  in  repelling  the  attack  of  at  least 
fifteen  hundred  Sioux  warriors.  First  Lieutenant  H.  II. 
Ketchum,  adjutant  of  the  Twenty-second  Infantry,  was 
in  the  thickest  of  the  fight  and  had  his  horse  killed  under 
him.  His  services  were  gallant  and  important."  Gen- 
eral Custer,  in  a  report  to  General  Stanley,  says,  "  I  de- 
sire to  commend  to  the  brevet  major-general  commanding 
First  Lieutenant  H.  II.  Ketchum,  adjutant  Twenty- 
second  Infantry,  acting  assistant  adjutant-general  of  the 
expedition,  but  temporarily  serving  with  me,  who  ren- 
dered me  great  assistance  in  transmitting  my  orders  on 
the  battle-field.  He  had  his  horse  killed  under  him,  and 
I  had  my  horse  shot  at  the  same  time." 

In  1874  Lieutenant  Ketchum  was  ordered  with  his 
regiment  to  the  Department  of  the  Lakes.  In  1877  he- 
was  adjutant-general  of  the  troops  serving  under  the 
command  of  Lieutenant-Colonel  E.  S.  Otis,  Twenty- 
second  Infantry,  in  quelling  riots  in  Pennsylvania.  He 
was  ordered  to  Texas  with  his  regiment  in  the  spring  of 
1879,  and  served  at  Fort  McKavett  and  Fort  Clark 
until  the  fall  of  [881,  when  he  was  ordered  on  recruiting 
service  for  two  years.  He  rejoined  his  regiment  in  the  fall 
of  1883,  at  Fort  Lewis,  Colorado.  He  was  ordered  with 
his  company  to  quell  troubles  with  the  LItes,  Navajos,  and 
settlers  on  San  Juan  River,  Colorado,  in  1883-85.  In 
1888  he  was  ordered  with  his  regiment  to  Fort  Keogh, 
Montana,  and  participated  in  the  Sioux  campaign  of 
1890-91.  Upon  promotion  to  captaincy,  in  1S82,  Gen- 
eral Stanley  paid  Captain  Ketchum  the  following  com- 
pliment : 

"  I  was  absent  on  leave  u  hen  you  resigned  the  ad- 
jutancy and  left  for  other  duty  last  year.  Upon  my 
return  I  intended  to  write  you  a  letter  expressing  my 
thanks  to  you,  but  have  kept  putting  it  off  until  now. 
But  if  it  is  late,  it  is  earnest.  Through  twelve  eventful 
years  you  served  me  faithfully  and  well  as  adjutant 
of  the  Twenty-second  Infantry.  On  long  and  weary 
marches,  in  the  field,  in  the  excitements  of  Indian 
attacks,  during  watchful  nights,  under  burning  suns 
and  frosty  skies,  in  many  hours  of  office  drudgery,  you 
were  always  prompt,  always  ready,  and  always  faithful 
to  your  commanding  officer  and  to  your  duty.  Twelve 
years  is  a  long  space  in  the  lifetime  of  any  one,  and 
especially  in  the  prime  of  life,  and  the  intimate  relations 
of  colonel  and  adjutant  during  that  period  must  lead  to 
a  pretty  thorough  acquaintance  of  each  other.  I  hope 
that  in  your  case  it  has  left  upon  you  the  same  feeling  of 
respect  and  affection  for  me  that  in  my  case  I  entertain 
for  you." 

Captain  Ketchum  has  been  recommended  for  brevet 
rank  for  Indian  campaigns,  and  has  been  favorably  men- 
tioned by  department  inspectors  to  the  inspector-general 
of  the  army  for  efficiency  as  company  commander. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


231 


CAPTAIN    AND    BREVET    MAJOR-GENERAL  JUDSON 
KILPATRICK,  U.S.A. 

Captain-  and  Brevet  Major-General  Judson  Kil- 
patrick was  born  in  New  Jersey,  and  graduated  at  the 
Military  Academy  May  6,  1861.  He  was  promoted 
second  lieutenant,  First  Artillery,  the  same  day,  and  was 
appointed  captain  of  the  Fifth  New  York  Infantry  May  9, 
1861.  He  joined  his  volunteer  regiment  at  Fort  Schuyler, 
and  was  ordered  to  Fort  Monroe,  Virginia,  from  which 
point  he  participated  in  the  expedition  to  Big  Bethel,  and 
was  engaged  in  the  action  at  that  place  June  9  and  10, 

1 861,  where  he  was  wounded.  He  was  on  sick-leave  of 
absence  to  July  30,  and  then  on  recruiting  service  to 
August  14,  1 86 1,  when  he  resigned  his  volunteer  com- 
mission. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  of  the  hirst  Ar- 
tillery May  14,  [86l,  and  again  appointed  to  the 
volunteer  service  September  25,  1861,  as  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  the  Second  New  York  Cavalry,  which  regiment 
he  assisted  in  organizing  and  commanding,  and  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1862,  was  ordered  to  accompany  Brigadier-Gen- 
eral Lane's  expedition  to  Texas,  as  chief  of  artillery  ; 
but,  it  being  abandoned,  he  returned  to  his  regiment  at 
Arlington,  Virginia. 

He  was  appointed  lieutenant-colonel  (staff  aide-de- 
camp) January  29,  1862,  and  participated  in  the  operations 
of  the  Department  of  the  Rappahannock,  1862,  being 
engaged  in  skirmishes  near  Falmouth,  Virginia  ;  move- 
ment to  Thoroughfare  Gap,  raids  011  railroads,  and  skir- 
mish at  Carmel  Church  July  2$,  1862.  Following  this, 
he  participated  in  all  the  campaigns  with  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac  until  [864,  when  he  was  transferred  to  the 
Western  army. 

He  was  promoted  colonel  of  the  Second  New  York 
Cavalry  December  6,  1862,  and  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers  June  13,  1863,  and  was  in  command  of  a 
cavalry  brigade,  after  participating  in  the  battle  of 
Manassas,  in  an  expedition  to   Leesburg  September  19, 

1862.  He  was  on  leave  of  absence  and  on  recruiting 
service  to  January  27,  1863,  when  he  rejoined  his  com- 
mand (the  cavalry  brigade)  and  participated  in  Stone- 
man's  raid  towards  Richmond,  and  engaged  in  the 
combat  of  Beverly  Ford. 

In  the  Pennsylvania  campaign  General  Kilpatrick 
commanded  a  cavalry  division,  and  was  engaged  in  the 
action  of  Aldie,  skirmishes  at  Middleburg,  Upperville, 
Hanover,  Hunterstown,  and  battle  of  Gettysburg  ;  and, 
while  pursuing  the  enemy  back  to  Virginia,  constant 
fighting  at  Monterey,  Smithsburg,  Hagerstown,  and  Fall- 
ing Waters,  in  Jul)-,  1863. 

After  a  short  leave  of  absence  he  commanded  a  cavalry 
division  in  the  operations  in  Central  Virginia,  being 
engaged    in   the   expedition    to    Hartwood    Church,  to 


destroy  theenemy's  gun-boats  "  Satellite"  and  "  Reliance," 
in  the  Rappahannock,  August  14,  1863,  with  actions 
at  Culpeper,  Somerville  Ford,  Libert}'  Mills,  James  City, 
Brandy  Station,  and  Gainesville,  in  September  and  Oc- 
tober, 1863.  He  was  in  command  of  a  cavalry  divi- 
sion in  the  spring  of  1864,  and  participated  in  the  raid  to 
Richmond  and  down  the  Virginia  Peninsula,  being  en- 
gaged in  the  action  at  Ashland  ami  numerous  skirmishes, 
with  much  destruction  of  the  enemy's  property. 

General  Kilpatrick  was  then  transferred  to  the  Western 
arm)-,  and  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  Third  Cavalry 
Division,  Army  of  the  Cumberland.  He  participated  in 
the  invasion  of  Georgia,  and  was  engaged  in  the  action 
of  Ringgold  and  operations  about  Dalton,  where  he  was 
severely  wounded,  and  compelled  to  leave  the  field.  But 
he  returned  Jul)-  22,  1864,  and,  in  command  of  his  divi- 
sion, was  engaged  in  guarding  General  Sherman's  com- 
munications and  making  raids,  with  constant  heavy 
skirmishes  with  the  enemy  ;  and  in  the  "  march  to 
the  sea,"  in  actions  at  Lovejoy,  Walnut  Creek,  Sylvan 
Grove,  Rocky  Creek,  Waynesborough,  Salkehatchie, 
Monroe's  Cross-Roads,  Raleigh,  and  Morristown,  April 
13.  1865. 

Pie  was  promoted  captain,  First  Artillery,  November 
30,  1864,  and  was  brevetted  from  major  to  major-general 
in  the  regular  army  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services, 
and  was  appointed  major-general  of  volunteers  June  iS, 
1865.  He  was  in  command  of  the  Third  Division  of  the 
Cavalry  Corps,  Military  Division  of  the  Mississippi,  from 
April  26  to  June  13,  1865,  and  on  leave  of  absence  and 
awaiting  orders  until  he  resigned. 

He  resigned  his  volunteer  commission  January  1,  1866, 
having  been  appointed  United  States  Envoy  Extraor- 
dinary and  Minister  Plenipotentiary  to  Chili  in  1865. 
He  resigned  his  commission  as  captain,  First  U.  S.  Artil- 
lery, October  15,  1867. 


112 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   XA  W  (regular) 


GENERAL  RUFUS  KING,  U.S.A.  (deceased). 

General  Rufus  King  was  burn  January  26,  1S14, 
New  York  City.  Mis  father,  Charles  King,  afterwards 
editor  of  the  New  York  American,  and  for  many  years 
President  of  Columbia  College,  was  second  son  of  Rufus 
King,  who  for  twenty  years  represented  New  York  State 
in  the  LT.  S.  Senate,  and  was  twice  minister  resident  at  the 
Court  of  St.  James.  The  first  of  the  family  to  reach 
America  was  Richard  King,  who  came  to  Boston  from 
Kent,  England,  in  1710.  Rufus  King,  the  subject  of  this 
sketch,  was  educated  in  New  York,  and  thoroughly  pre- 
pared for  West  Point,  which  he  entered  in  1829,  when 
less  than  sixteen,  and  was  graduated  in  1S33,  standing 
fourth  in  a  large  class,  and  being  assigned  to  the  Engi- 
neer Corps.  General  King's  first  duty  was  as  associate 
to  Lieutenant  Robert  E.  Lee,  in  the  construction  of 
Fortress  Monroe.  A  year  later  he  was  employed  on 
the  survey  of  the  boundary-line  between  Ohio  and 
Michigan,  and  then  in  the  improvement  of  the  naviga- 
tion of  the  Hudson  River  to  September,  1836,  when 
he  was  induced  to  resign  and  enter  into  the  service  of 
Erie  Railway,  then  in  course  of  construction.  On  the 
entry  into  office  of  William  II.  Seward  as  governor  of 
New  York,  in  1839,  he  appointed  King  adjutant- general 
of  the  State.  Lor  four  years  King  served  as  adjutant- 
general,  and  mean  time,  inheriting  his  journalistic  tastes 
and  talents  from  his  father,  he  became  associate  editor 
of  the  Albany  Evening  Journal,  with  Thurlow  Weed 
as  his  chief  and  mentor.  In  [845,  he  removed  with  his 
wife  and  infant  son  to  Milwaukee,  Wisconsin,  and  became 
editor,  and  later  proprietor,  of  the  Milwaukee  Sentinel, 
which  at  once  took  rani;  as  the  leading  newspaper  of 
Wisconsin.  King  remaining  at  the  helm  almost  to  the  out- 
break of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Constitutional  Convention  of  Wisconsin  in  1847- 
48. 


Regent  of  the  University  of  Wisconsin  from  1848  to 
1861  ;  superintendent  of  the  public  schools  of  Milwaukee 
from  1S49  to  1 86 1  ;  member  of  the  Board  of  Visitors 
to  West  Point  in  1S49;  was  associated  with  Wisconsin 
militia,  as  captain  of  the  long  famous  Milwaukee 
Light-Guard,  colonel  of  the  First  Regiment,  and  major- 
general  of  the  State  troops.  In  March,  1861,  ap- 
pointed by  President  Lincoln  minister  resident  to  the 
Court  of  Rome,  he  was  in  New  York  City  with  his 
family  awaiting  the  sailing  of  the  steamer,  when  the  news 
came  of  the  attack  on  Sumter,  and  he  at  once  begged 
for  service  in  the  field;  was  sent  to  Wisconsin  to  organ- 
ize the  regiments  tendered  for  the  war;  commissioned* 
brigadier-general  of  the  Wisconsin  volunteers  May  7, 
and  brigadier-general  of  the  LT.  S.  Volunteers  May  17, 
and  in  July  was  ordered  to  Washington  as  president  of 
a  court-martial,  and  then  in  the  organization  of  the 
first  brigade  of  Western  troops  serving  in  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac,  a  brigade  which  later  became  famous  as  the 
"Iron  Brigade  of  the  West."  A  month  was  spent  in 
drill  at  Cam])  Kalorama ;  then  the  brigade  marched  to 
Chain  Brigade,  and  later  to  Arlington,  where  it  con- 
sisted of  the  Second,  Sixth,  and  Seventh  Wisconsin,  and 
the  Nineteenth  Indiana,  and  where  King  was  promoted 
to  the  command  of  a  fine  division,  with  J.  P.  Hatch, 
Doubleday,  Patrick',  and  Gibbon  as  his  brigade  com- 
manders. 

He  accompanied  the  advance  on  Manassas,  was 
later  ordered  to  Fredericksburg,  and,  as  the  Third 
Division  of  McDowell's  corps,  guarded  the  line  of 
Rappahannock  while  McClellan  was  battling  on  the 
Peninsula.  In  August  the  division  hurried  forward  to 
the  support  of  Pope  at  Cedar  Mountain;  took  part 
in  the  ill-starred  campaign  of  second  Bull  Run;  was 
swung  to  and  fro  from  one  flank  to  the  other  along  the 
Rapidan ;  was  heavily  engaged,  all  unsupported,  with 
Jackson's  Corps  on  the  evening  of  August  28,  a  fight  in 
which  the  Iron  Brigade  lost  forty  per  cent,  in  killed  and 
wounded  ;  and  on  the  following  day,  as  the  result  of  ex- 
posure and  fatigue.  King  was  prostrated  by  severe  illness 
and  sent  in  to  Washington.  After  his  sick-leave  he  com- 
manded a  division  in  the  defences  of  the  Capital  to 
November  j;,  186 J,  when  detailed  member  of  the  court 
for  the  trial  of  Fit/.  John  Porter;  commanded  the  de- 
fences of  Yorktown  from  March  until  after  Gettysburg, 
[863;  was  then  ordered  to  Fairfax,  Virginia,  command- 
ing division  until  October  JO,  when,  his  health  being 
grievously  impaired,  and  upon  notification  from  the 
President  that  his  services  were  urgently  needed  at 
Rome,  he  resigned  his  generalship  and  went  at  once  to 
his  post  near  the  Papal  Court,  retaining  it  until  the 
abolition   of   the    mission    in    Inly,    1867,   when    he    re- 


turned   to    the    United    States. 
1876. 


He    died    October 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


^-11 


CAPTAIN   ADAM  KRAMER,  U.S.A. 

Captain  Adam  Kramer  (Sixth  Cavalry)  was  born  in 
Germany  October  15,  1837  ;  came  to  America  while  quite 
young  and  settled  in  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania.  He  en- 
listed in  the  mounted  service,  at  Philadelphia,  May  16, 
1857,  and  remained  at  the  recruiting  depot,  Carlisle  Bar- 
racks, Carlisle,  Pennsylvania,  until  July,  1857,  when  he 
was  assigned  to  Company  F,  Second  Dragoons,  then 
stationed  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas.  He  served  with 
the  regiment  in  Kansas  until  September  of  that  year, 
when  it  was  ordered  to  Utah.  He  served  in  Utah  during 
the  Salt  Lake  Expedition  and  in  Nebraska  until  i86i,at 
which  time  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  Washington, 
D.  C.  He  was  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  until  dis- 
charged, May  16,  1862. 

Captain  Kramer  re-enlisted  in  Philadelphia  August  25, 
1862,  in  Company  I,  Fifteenth  Pennsylvania  Cavalry  ;  he 
was  made  a  sergeant  October  30,  1862,  and  first  sergeant 
November  1,  1862.  He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant 
March  I,  1863,  and  became  a  captain  May  8,  1863,  and 
was  with  the  regiment  until  the  close  of  the  Rebellion. 
He  participated  in  the  following  battles  and  engagements, 
viz. :  Siege  of  Yorktown,  Virginia;  battles  of  Antietam, 
Maryland;  Murfreesborough,  Tennessee;  Chickamauga, 
Georgia,  and  numerous  minor  engagements  of  the  regi- 
ment. He  was  mustered  out  with  his  regiment,  the 
Fifteenth  Pennsylvania  Cavalry,  June  21,  1865. 

The  following  indorsement  on  Captain  Kramer's  appli- 
cation for  a  commission  in  the  regular  army  was  made 
by  Colonel  William  I.  Palmer: 

"  Captain  Adam  Kramer  enlisted  in  my  regiment  (the 
Fifteenth  Pennsylvania  Cavalry)  in  August,  1862,  after 
already  serving  out  a  five-years'  enlistment  in  the  reg- 
ular cavalry.  He  continued  to  serve  in  my  regiment, 
brigade,  and  division  until  the  end  of  the  war.  ...  I 
had  occasion  frequently  to  select  him  to  command  sep- 
arate expeditions  of  importance,  in  several  of  which  he 
greatly  distinguished  himself,  so  as  to  earn  the  special 
commendation  of  Major-General  George  H.  Thomas,  as 
is  shown  in  the  accompanying  highly  laudator}-  letter 
of  that  officer.  Captain  Kramer  is  very  brave,  faithful, 
and  experienced,  and  should  not  be  lost  to  the  cavalry 
service." 

General  Garfield  indorsed  this  as  follows:  "I  cheer- 
fully concur  in  the  above  recommendation.  Such  a 
man  as  Captain  Kramer  ought  not  to  be  lost  to  the 
service." 

Major  Morrow,  the  President's  private  secretary,  in- 
dorsed as  follows :  "  Having  been  on  the  staff  of  Major- 
General  Stoneman  during  the  time  the  Fifteenth  Penn- 
sylvania Cavalry  was  under  his  command,  I  can  bear 
testimony  to  Captain  Kramer's  excellent  reputation  as  a 
brave  and  skilful  officer,  and  I  would  be  glad  to  learn  of 
his  appointment  in  the  regular  service." 
3° 


Captain  Kramer  was  appointed  a  second  lieutenant 
of  the  Second  U.  S.  Colored  Cavalry  December  7,  1865, 
and  was  stationed  at  Brazos  Santiago,  Texas.  He  was 
mustered  out  February  12,  1866.  He  then  received 
his  appointment  as  second  lieutenant,  Sixth  U.  S. 
Cavalry,  to  date  from  April  27,  1866;  was  promoted 
first  lieutenant  December  12,  1866,  and  captain  August 
1,  1S74. 

He  was  stationed  in  Texas  until  1870,  when  he  availed 
himself  of  a  leave  of  absence  from  September,  1870,  to 
February,  1871,  during  part  of  which  time  he  was  with 
the  German  army  in  the  Franco-Prussian  War. 

He  was  engaged  in  the  following  affairs  with  the  Indians 
(with  his  troop) :  At  Ash  Creek,  Arizona  Territory,  May 
7,  1880;  also  at  Chevalon's  Fork  of  the  Little  Colorado 
River,  Arizona  Territory,  the  campaign  against  the  Sioux 
of  1891  and  1 892,  and  various  others. 

Captain  Kramer  received  special  commendation  from 
Brevet  Major-General  Grierson,  commanding  the  District 
of  New  Mexico,  in  his  special  report  on  the  removal  of 
the  intruders  from  the  Jicarillo  Indian  Reservation  of 
New  Mexico,  in  these  words  : 

"  It  is  a  pleasure  to  acknowledge  my  indebtedness 
to  Captain  Adam  Kramer,  commanding  Troops  E  and 
F,  Sixth  Cavalry,  and  the  officers  and  soldiers  under 
his  command,  for  the  alacrity  with  which  the  impor- 
tant duties  devolving  upon  them  were  carried  out. 
Detachments  were  carefully  and  promptly  furnished, 
and  Lieutenants  Cruse  and  Gallagher,  and  the  men  sent 
out  under  their  charge,  endured  without  a  murmur 
the  hardship  of  long  marches  and  arduous  work  re- 
quired in  the  removal  of  intruders  and  their  stock  from 
the  Jicarillo  Reservation.  The  efficient  and  valuable  ser- 
vice rendered  while  under  my  command,  by  those  well- 
disciplined  and  deserving  troops,  is  worthy  of  the  highest 
praise." 


254 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  {regular) 


MAJOR  JOHN    ALEXANDER   KRESS,  U.S.A. 

Major  John  Alexander  Kress  (Ordnance  Depart- 
ment) was  bom  in  Pennsylvania  November  4,  1839, 
and  was  appointed  a  cadet  at  the  Military  Academy 
from  Laporte,  Indiana,  in  June,  1858,  but  he  resigned 
October  iS,  1 861,  to  serve  as  aide-de-camp  on  the  staff 
of  Brigadier-General  James  S.  Wadsworth,  in  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac.  He  was  appointed  first  lieutenant  of  the 
Twenty-fifth  New  York  Infantry  for  that  purpose  No- 
vember 1,  [861,  and  performed  duty  in  that  position 
until  Jul)-  9,  1862,  when  he  was  promoted  major  of  the 
Ninety-fourth  New  York  Infantry,  and  participated  with 
that  regiment  in  General  Pope's  campaign  of  1862,  being 
engaged  at  the  battle  of  Cedar  Mountain  and  Rap- 
pahannock Crossing,  Virginia.  He  commanded  the 
regiment  at  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  Virginia,  De- 
cember  1 1—14,  1862,  it  forming  part  of  General  Gibbon's 
division. 

Major  Kress  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel  of  the 
Ninety-fourth  New  York  Infantry  November  i,  1862,  and 
made  acting  inspector-general  of  the  First  Division  of 
the  First  Army  Corps,  serving  in  that  capacity  during 
the  Rappahannock  and  Pennsylvania  campaigns  of  1863, 
having  been  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Chancellorsville, 
Virginia,  and  Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania, 

Colonel  Kress  entered  the  regular  service  as  a  second 
lieutenant  of  ordnance  November  24,  [863,  ami  resigned 
his  commission  in  the  volunteer  service  to   accept  his 


appointment  December  1 1,  1863.  He  was  first  stationed 
at  Fortress  Monroe,  Virginia,  where  he  remained  until 
September,  1864,  when  he  was  assigned  as  chief  ordnance 
officer  of  the  Ami)-  of  the  James  and  of  the  Department 
of  Virginia  and  North  Carolina,  and  performed  the  duties 
of  that  office  until  June,  1865.  He  was  promoted  first 
lieutenant  of  ordnance  July  16,  1864,  and  served  as  act- 
ing inspector-general  of  the  Twenty-fifth  Army  Corps 
from  April  to  May,  1865. 

He  was  honorably  mentioned  by  the  major-general 
commanding  the  First  Corps,  in  his  official  report,  for 
meritorious  conduct  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  Penn- 
sylvania, July  1-4,  1863,  and  at  the  close  of  the  war 
was  made  brevet  captain  April  2,  1865,  for  "gallant  and 
meritorious  services  during  the  siege  of  Richmond  and 
Petersburg,  Virginia,"  and  brevet  major  April  3,  1865, 
"for  meritorious  and  distinguished  services  as  chief  ord- 
nance officer." 

After  the  fall  of  Richmond  he  was  ordered  in  June, 
1865,  to  Rock  Island  Arsenal,  Illinois,  where  he  remained 
until  July,  1S67,  when  he  was  transferred  to  the  Alle- 
gheny Arsenal,  at  Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania.  Serving  at 
this  post  until  April,  1871,  his  field  of  duty  was  changed 
to  the  Pacific  coast,  and  while  commanding  at  Vancouver 
Arsenal,  Washington,  was  chief  ordnance  officer  of  the 
Department  of  the  Columbia,  retaining  this  position 
until  1SS2.  While  on  this  duty  he  commanded  a  gun- 
boat, with  sixty  men,  on  the  Upper  Columbia  River  in 
Jul}-,  187S,  and  was  engaged  skirmishing  with  hostile 
Indians,  preventing  their  escape  from  the  forces  com- 
manded by  General  Howard. 

Lieutenant  Kress  was  promoted  to  a  captaincy  July  16, 
1S74,  ami,  upon  being  relieved  from  duty  in  the  Depart- 
ment of  the  Columbia  in  1882,  was  ordered  to  San  An- 
tonio Arsenal,  which  he  commanded,  and  was  also 
chief  ordnance  officer  of  the  Department  of  Texas.  On 
November  5,  (883,  he  was  relieved  and  ordered  to 
Indianapolis,  where  he  commanded  the  arsenal  at  that 
point  until  July,  1886.  On  January  3,  1887,  he  was 
promoted  major,  and  he  commanded  the  St.  Louis 
powder-depot  from  July,  1886,  to  December,  1887, 
when  he  was  again  ordered  to  the  Pacific  coast,  doing 
duty  at  Benicia  Arsenal  to  September,  1890,  at  which 
time  he  was  transferred  to  Rock  Island  Arsenal,  Illinois, 
where  he  remained  until  November  1 8,  1S90,  when  he 
was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  St.  Louis  powder- 
depot,  which  is  now  his  present  station. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


>35 


COLONEL   LOOMIS  L.   LANGDON,    U.S.A. 

Colonel  Loomis  L.  Laxgdox  (First  Artillery)  was 
born  in  New  York,  and  graduated  from  the  Military 
Academy  July  i,  1854,  when  he  was  promoted  brevet 
second  lieutenant  of  artillery,  and  served  in  garrison  at 
Fort  Monroe,  Virginia.  He  was  promoted  second  lieu- 
tenant of  the  First  Artillery  August  21,  1854,  and  par- 
ticipated in  the  Florida  hostilities  against  the  Seminole 
Indians  during  the  years  1854-56,  being  engaged  in 
action,  in  command  of  the  advanced  guard  attacking 
Bill}-  Bowlegs  in  his  village  ("  Billy's  Town"),  in  the  heart 
of  the  Big  Cypress  Swamp,  April  7,  1856. 

From  1857  to  1S60  Lieutenant  Langdon  was  on  fron- 
tier duty  in  Texas,  and  was  at  Fort  Brown  during  the 
yellow-fever  epidemic,  which  carried  off  half  the  com- 
mand, in  the  latter  part  of  1S58.  He  was  also  in  the 
yellow-fever  epidemic  of  1859  at  Brownsville.  In 
1859-60  he  received  the  public  thanks  of  the  citizens  of 
Brownsville,  for  organizing  them  into  a  defensive  force, 
and  assisting  them  "  to  defend  their  lives  and  property" 
from  the  attacks  of  the  outlaw  Cortinas  and  his  band. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  July  13,  i860,  and 
captain  Aug.  28,  1861,  serving  in  defence  of  Fort  Pickens, 
Florida,  from  Feb.  7,  1861 ,  to  Jan.  7,  1  S62,  being  engaged 
in  the  repulse  of  the  attack  on  Santa  Rosa  Island,  anil  in 
command  of  the  mortar  battery  at  Fort  Pickens  during 
the  two  bombardments  of  that  place,  Nov.  22,  23,  1862. 

Captain  Langdon's  field  of  duty  was  changed  to  South 
Carolina,  and  he  participated  in  the  operations  about 
Charleston  from  June  20,  1862,  to  Feb.  5,  1864,  and  was 
engaged  (commanding  field  and  siege  batteries)  in  the  de- 
scent on  and  capture  of  Morris  Island  from  Folly  Island. 
He  also  participated  in  the  siege  of  Fort  Wagner  in  com- 
mand of  siege  and  field  batteries,  and  commanded  the 
artillery  brigade  and  his  own  light  battery  (M),  First  Ar- 
tillery, in  the  expedition  under  General  Seymour  to  Flor- 
ida, being  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Olustee,  Feb.  20,  1864, 
for  which  he  was  made  brevet  major  "  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  services."  As  chief  of  artillery,  First  Divi- 
sion, Tenth  Army  Corps,  Captain  Langdon  participated 
in  the  operations  on  James  River,  Virginia,  from  Bermuda 
Hundred,  from  May  5  to  Sept.  28,  1864,  and  was  en- 
gaged in  the  actions  at  Howlett's  House  and  Weir  Bottom 
Church,  assault  and  capture  of  the  enemy's  defences  near 
Chester  Station,  and  the  capture  of  the  right  of  the  ene- 
my's intrenchments ;  he  was  also  engaged  in  the  battle 
of  Drury's  Bluff,  in  defence  of  the  Bermuda  Hundred  in- 
trenchments, and  siege  of  Petersburg.  He  was  in  com- 
mand of  Battery  M,  First  Artillery  (light),  in  the  opera- 
tions before  Richmond,  from  Sept.  29,  1864,  to  March  2j, 
1865,  being  engaged  in  the  assault  and  capture  of  New 
Market  Heights,  and  in  the  repulse  of  the  attack  on  the 
Federal  position  on  the  New  Market  Road.  He  was  chief 
of  artillery  of  the  Twenty-fifth  Army  Corps  (Army  of  the 


James)  from  Feb.  14  to  June  18,  1865,  participating  in  the 
capture  of  Richmond  April  3,  1865,  and  superintended 
the  batteries  of  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth 
Corps  in  collecting  the  field  artillery  abandoned  by  the 
enemy — over  three  hundred  guns — in  the  earthworks 
around  Richmond.  Captain  Langdon  was  made  brevet 
lieutenant-colonel  Sept.  29,  1864,  "for  gallant  and  meri- 
torious services  in  the  attack  on  Fort  Gilmer,  Virginia." 
At  the  conclusion  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  Captain 
Langdon,  as  chief  of  artillery,  accompanied  General  Weit- 
zel's  expedition  to  the  Rio  Grande,  as  chief  of  artillery 
and  assistant  inspector-general,  to  recover  munitions  of 
war  sold  to  the  Imperialists  under  Maximilian,  in  Mex- 
ico, by  the  Confederates,  from  June  to  August,  1865,  on 
the  conclusion  of  which  duty  he  was  granted  a  sick-leave 
of  absence,  though  he  rejoined  his  command  at  Browns- 
ville, Texas,  in  November  of  that  year.  His  station  was 
changed  to  New  York  harbor  in  Jan.,  I.S66,  and  from 
April  21  to  Oct.  20,  1867,  he  was  on  leave  of  absence  in 
Europe.  From  1S67  to  the  present  time  Colonel  Lang- 
don's duty  has  called  him  to  numerous  important  posi- 
tions, and  his  service  has  been  at  posts  in  various  parts  of 
the  country,  mainly  in  the  Southern  States.  He  was  pro- 
moted major  of  the  Second  Artillery  March  20,  1879, 
and  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  same  regiment  Dec.  1,  1S83. 
He  has  been  engaged  in  the  suppression  of  election  dis- 
turbances, the  suppression  of  railroad  riots,  and  has  been 
on  several  occasions  inspector  of  militia  encampments,  as 
well  as  a  member  of  important  courts  and  boards,  all  of 
which  are  too  numerous  to  detail  in  this  limited  sketch. 
He  was  promoted  colonel  of  the  First  Artillery  Jan.  25, 
1889,  joining  it  at  San  Francisco,  and  with  his  regiment 
was  transferred  to  New  York  harbor  in  May,  1890.  He 
took  station  at  Fort  Hamilton,  where  he  is  now  in  com- 
mand of  his  regiment,  that  garrisons  all  the  forts  in  New 
York  harbor. 


236 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NA  VY  {regular) 


REAR-ADMIRAL  JAMES  L.   LARDNER,   U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Rear-Admiral  James  L.  Lardner,  belonging  to  a 
well-known  Pennsylvania  family,  entered  the  navy  from 
tint  State  in  May,  1820.  As  midshipman  he  made  a 
long  cruise  in  the  Pacific, — first  in  the  schooner"  Dol- 
phin," anil  then  in  the  "  Franklin,"  eighty-gun  ship,  and 
flag-ship  of  Commodore  Stewart.  His  next  service  was 
in  the  appropriately-named  new  frigate  "  Brandywine," 
which  carried  home  General  La  Fayette,  the  "  nation's 
guest."  The  vessel  afterwards  went  t'>  the  Mediterranean, 
hut  came  back  in  1820,  and  became  the  flag-ship  of 
Commodore  Jacob  Jones  in  the  Pacific.  In  that  ship,  in 
the  schooner  "  Dolphin,"  and  in  the  "  Yinccnnes,"  he 
served  until  June,  1830,  nearly  three  years  of  that  time 
being  navigator  of  the  "  Yinccnnes,"  in  which  he  circum- 
navigated the  globe.  Commissioned  lieutenant  May  17, 
1828.  In  [832  was  attached  to  the  schooner  "  Experi- 
ment," and  in  1833-34  served  in  the  "  Delaware,"  eighty- 
gun  ship,  flag-ship  of  Commodore  Patterson,  in  the 
Mediterranean.  In  1837—38  served  in  the  razee  "  Inde- 
pendence" (sixty),  Commodore  Nicholson,  and  in  her 
went  to  Russia,  England,  and  Brazil.  He  went  to  the 
Pacific  in  the  sloop  "  Cyane"  in  [841  ;  was  transferred  to 
the   frigate  "  United  States,"   ami  served  in  her  as  first 


lieutenant  for  nearly  three  years.  He  then  commanded 
the  receiving-ship  at  Philadelphia,  and  in  1850  went  out 
to  the  coast  of  Africa  in  command  of  the  brig  "  Porpoise." 
He  was  made  commander  in  1851,  and  transferred,  on 
the  station,  to  the  sloop-of-war  "  Dale."  He  came  home 
in  her  in  1 853.  He  next  served  as  fleet-captain  of  the 
West  India  Squadron,  anil  in  i860  was  attached  to  the 
Philadelphia  Navy-Yard.  In  May,  1861,  he  was  commis- 
sioned as  captain,  and  in  September  of  that  eventful  year 
was  ordered  to  the  command  of  the  steam-frigate  "Sus- 
quehanna," of  the  North  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron. 
He  blockaded  the  coasts  of  Smith  Carolina  and  Georgia, 
and  was  at  Port  Royal,  for  which  his  name  was  included 
by  President  Lincoln  in  the  recommendation  for  a  vote 
of  thanks  by  Congress.  This  vote  passed  the  House,  but 
was  thrown  out  in  the  Senate.  Port  Royal  was  one  of 
the  first  naval  successes,  and  Flag-Officer  Dupont  ad- 
dressed Captain  Lardner  a  letter  upon  his  conduct  then, 
of  which  the  following  is  an  extract:  "  I  enclose  a  gen- 
eral order,  to  be  read  to  the  officers  and  men  of  the 
'  Susquehanna,'  and  I  take  the  occasion  to  say  that  your 
noble  ship,  throughout  the  whole  of  the  battle,  was  pre- 
cisely where  I  wanted  her  to  be,  and  doing  precisely  what 
I  wanted  her  to  do,  and  that  your  close  support  of  this 
ship  (flag-ship  '  Wabash')  was  a  very  gallant  thing." 

In  May,  1862,  Captain  Lardner  assumed  command  of 
the  F.ast  Gulf  Blockading  Squadron,  but  was  obliged  to 
return  home  in  December,  invalided  by  a  severe  attack  of 
yellow  fever  at  Key  West.  In  the  previous  summer  he 
lost,  from  yellow  fever,  forty  gallant  officers  and  men 
from  his  flag-ship  alone.  In  May,  1863,  as  acting  rear- 
admiral,  he  took  command  of  the  West  India  Squadron, 
and  retained  it  until  the  squadron  was  withdrawn  in 
October,  1864.  He  was  commissioned  commodore  in 
Jul_\',  1S62;  commissioned  rear-admiral  July,  1866;  on 
special  duty  from  1864  to  1869;  and  governor  of  the 
Naval  Asylum  at  Philadelphia,  1869-71.  He  died  in 
Philadelphia  April  12,  1881. 

Admiral  Lardner  was  a  particularly  handsome  man, 
with  high-bred  look  anil  manner.  He  retained  a  youthful 
figure  and  alert  and  active  manner  until  his  death.  He 
was  a  noticeable  person,  whether  in  uniform  or  in  plain 
clothes,  and  an  excellent  exemplar  of  the  best  class  of 
officers  of  the  "  old  navy." 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


'-37 


CHIEF   ENGINEER   EDWARD  B.  LATCH,   U.S.N. 
(retired). 

Chief  Engineer  Edward  B.  Latch  was  born  in 
Montgomery  County,  Pennsylvania,  November  15,  1833. 
Having  a  taste  for  mechanics,  he  entered  the  locomotive 
works  of  the  well-known  firm  of  Norris  Brothers,  of 
Philadelphia,  and  passed  five  years  there  in  the  ma- 
chinery and  draughting  departments.  By  the  recom- 
mendation of  Mr.  Richard  Norris,  he  was  appointed  a 
third  assistant  engineer  in  the  navy  in  September,  1858, 
and  was  ordered  to  the  steamer  "Atalanta,"  which  vessel 
formed  part  of  the  Paraguay  Expedition.  On  her  return, 
Engineer  Latch  was  ordered  to  the  steamer  "  Sumter," 
in  which  he  served  on  the  west  coast  of  Africa,  in 
1860-61.  In  the  latter  part  of  186 1  he  was  promoted 
to  second  assistant  engineer. 

He  next  served  in  the  celebrated  flag-ship  "  Hartford," 
under  Admiral  Farragut,  and  was  present  at  the  engage- 
ments of  Forts  Jackson  and  St.  Philip,  and  the  Chalmette 
batteries,  which  led  to  the  capture  of  New  Orleans.  He 
was  also  present  on  the  two  occasions  when  the  "  Hart- 
ford" ran  the  gauntlet  of  the  Vicksburg  batteries  ;  at 
the  affair  of  the  ram  "  Arkansas  ;"  and  at  the  passage  of 
Port  Hudson.  Before  Port  Hudson  fell,  the  chief  engi- 
neer of  the  "  Hartford"  was  detached,  and  Engineer 
Latch  was  ordered  to  take  charge  of  the  "  Hartford's" 
machinery.  When  we  consider  the  difficulty  of  main- 
taining machinery  in  fighting  order,  without  having 
access  to  machine-shops  or  repairing  stations,  this 
showed  an  unusual  mark  of  confidence  in  the  ability  of 
an  officer  of  junior  grade.  Engineer  Latch  retained  his 
charge  until  the  "  Hartford"  steamed  into  New  York 
harbor,  bearing  Admiral  Farragut's  flag.  Of  all  the 
ships  of  his  fleet,  the  "  Hartford"  was — as  he  said  him- 
self— the  home  of  the  admiral;  and  when  he  went  South 
again,  for  the  Mobile  campaign,  the  "  Hartford"  bore  his 
flag  at  her  mizzen-top-mast  head.  In  the  "Hartford'' 
Engineer  Latch  again  fought  under  Farragut  at  Mobile 
Bay,    and    the    numerous    minor    engagements    in    that 


quarter.  After  the  capture  of  the  ram  "  Tennessee,"  En- 
gineer Latch  was  ordered  in  temporary  charge  of  her 
machinery. 

After  the  war  he  served  in  the  East  India  Squadron, 
and  at  the  Naval  Academy.  Promoted  chief  engineer 
1870;  "Congress,"  special  service,  1870-72;  Board  of 
Inspection,  1873-75  ;  sick-leave,  1876-77;  and  retired  in 
1878. 

Chief  Engineer  Latch's  forefathers  took  up  land  in 
Montgomery  County  nearly  two  hundred  years  ago,  and 
his  grandfather  served  in  the  Revolution,  rising  to  the 
rank  of  major.  Another  branch  settled  nearer  to  Phila- 
delphia, and  were  allied  with  the  De  Monseaus,  who, 
after  the  revocation  of  the  edict  of  Nantes,  settled  at 
Frankford,  near  Philadelphia. 

Since  his  retirement,  Mr.  Latch  has  been  engaged  in 
writing  upon  Biblical  subjects,  principally,  much  of  which 
has  been  published. 

He  now  resides  at  Overbrook,  Pennsylvania,  en  a 
portion  of  an  estate  which  has  been  in  his  family  for 
five  generations. 


238 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  {regular) 


CAPTAIN    PETER    LEARY,  JR.,  U.S.A. 

Captain  Peter  Leaky,  Jk.  (Fourth  Artillery),  was 
born  September  15,  1840,  in  Baltimore,  Maryland.  When 
the  Civil  War  began  he  was  a  student  of  law.  lie  was 
commissioned  second  lieutenant  in  the  Baltimore  Battery 
of  Light  Artillery,  Maryland  Volunteers,  in  August,  1862, 
and  continued  in  service  until  honorably  mustered  out  in 
June,  1865,  having  been  engaged  in  the  actions  which 
inaugurated  the  Gettysburg  campaign  at  Berryville,  June 
12;  Opequan  Creek,  June  13;  Winchester,  June  14.  and 
Martinsburg  Pike,  June  1  5,  [863.  I  Ie  participated  in  the 
Maryland  campaign  of  1864,  and  was  present  in  action 
on  Catoctin  Mountain,  Jul}-  7  ;  at  Frederick,  July  8,  and 
Monocacy,  July  9,  and  was  engaged  in  the  pursuit  of 
the  Confederate  army  under  Early  from  Washington  to 
Leesburg  in  Jul)*  and  August  of  that  year. 

lie  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  Fourth  U.  S.  Ar- 
tillery July  2,  IS6J,  and  assigned  to  Light  Battery  P>, 
which  he  joined  September  6  at  Fort  Harker,  Kansas. 
In  November  the  batter}'  marched  to  Fort  Leavenworth, 
where  it  remained  until  the  spring  of  1S69,  when  it  was 
ordered  to  Port  Riley.  In  April,  1X69,  he  was  placed  on 
special  duty  on  the  Sac  and  Fox  Reservation  in  Kansas, 
under  instructions  from  Major-General  Schofield,  con- 
cerning the  removal  of  settlers  from  that  reservation. 
Rejoining  tlie  battery  early  in  June,  he  immediately  joined 
Light  Batteries  K,  First  Artillery,  and  C,  Third  Artillery, 
mounted  .is  cavalry,  under  command  of  Captain  William 
M.Graham,  First  Artillery,  scouting  the  valley  of  the 
Republican  River  for  hostile  Indians,  performing  the  staff 
duties  of  tlie  expedition. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  to  date  from  January 

24.  1873,  and    on    April   1    joined    Miller's  battery  in  the 

field  against    the    Modoc    Indians,    taking    part    in    the 

igements  in  the   Lava  Beds  of  April  15.     lie  com- 


manded an  escort  of  nineteen  men  in  an  engagement  in 
the  pedregal  April  20,  in  which  he  had  one  man  killed 
and  one  wounded,  repulsing  the  attack  and  assuring  the 
safety  of  the  convoy.  For  good  conduct  in  this  cam- 
paign he  was  nominated  by  the  President  to  be  captain 
by  brevet. 

On  June  17,  1877,  he  went  into  the  field  again  with 
Miller's  batter}'  in  the  campaign  against  the  hostile  Nez 
Perces,  under  their  able  war-chief  Joseph,  and  was  ap- 
pointed field-quartermaster  and  acting  chief  commissary 
of  subsistence  of  General  Howard's  command.  On  July 
13,  Major  George  H.  Weeks,  quartermaster,  having  re- 
ported for  duty,  he  was  relieved  as  field-quartermaster, 
continuing  on  duty  as  acting  chief  commissar}-  until  the 
end  of  the  campaign.  He  was  in  the  engagements  of 
Julv  11  and  12  on  the  Clearwater,  and  in  the  skirmish  of 
Julv  13,  [877,  at  Kamiah,  and  was  honorably  mentioned 
in  General  Howard's  report  of  the  campaign  in  the  fol- 
lowing terms:  "I  wish  to  make  special  mention  of  the 
following  officers  who  have  served  under  my  command 
during  the  late  expedition  against  the  hostile  Nez  Perces. 
.  .  .  First  Lieutenant  Peter  Leary,  Jr.,  Fourth  Artillery. 
He  discharged  the  duties  of  chief  commissar)'  officer  to 
the  forces  in  the  field,  operating  under  my  immediate 
command,  during  the  entire  campaign.  He  was  always 
active  and  energetic,  giving  his  entire  attention  to  his 
important  duties,  and  deserves  commendation  for  the  very 
satisfactory  manner  in  which  they  were  performed." 

In  garrison  at  Fort  Point,  California;  Fort  Canby, 
Washington  Territory ;  Madison  Barracks,  New  York  ; 
Fort  Warren,  Massachusetts  (part  of  the  time  ordnance 
officer  and  acting  assistant  quartermaster  and  acting 
commissar)' subsistence  of  post ),  from  Ma}',  I S80,  to  Sep- 
tember 20,  1885.  <  >n  October  1,  1885,  assigned  to  and 
on  duty  with  Light  Patter}-  Fat  Fort  Snelling,  Minne- 
sota, from  October  1,  1885,  to  March,  1887. 

Captain  Leary  was  graduated  from  the  Artillery  School 
in  1SS0.  He  has  twice,  under  orders  from  the  Secretary 
of  War,  inspected  the  National  Guard  of  Vermont  in 
their  summer  encampments  of  1888  and  1889.  In  P'eb- 
ruary,  1890,  he  was  detailed  as  professor  of  military  sci- 
ence and  tactics  in  the  Agricultural  College  of  South 
Dakota,  and  was  promoted  captain  August  28,  1891. 

Captain  Leary  is  the  eldest  son  of  Cornelius  L.  L. 
Lear}',  of  Baltimore,  who  represented  the  Third  Con- 
gressional District  of  Maryland  in  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  from  1861  to  [S63,  and  is  a  brother  of  Com- 
mander Richard  P.  Leary,  U.  S.  Navy. 

Captain  Leary  was  appointed  private  secretary  to 
Thomas  Swann,  Governor  of  Maryland,  in  January,  1866, 
and  was  subsequently  commissioned  aide-de-camp  to  the 
governor,  with  the  rank  of  colonel,  from  May  20,  181,7, 
to  July  31,  1867,  when  he  resigned  to  enter  the  U.S. 
Army. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


239 


REAR-ADMIRAL  SAMUEL  PHILLIPS  LEE,   U.S.N. 
(retired). 

Rear-Admiral  Samuel  Phillips  Lee,  born  in  Virginia, 
was  appointed  midshipman  in  1825.  Commanding  the 
"  Vandalia"  under  orders  to  the  Fast  Indies,  and  learning 
at  Cape  Town  of  the  Rebellion,  he  brought  his  command 
back  to  the  support  of  the  Union.  I  lis  services  in  the 
early  blockade  of  Charleston  in  that  ship  were  valuable. 
Under  Farragut,  in  the  "  <  )neida,"  he  commanded  the 
guard  division,  was  in  the  gun-boat  action  with  the  forts, 
and  at  the  passage  of  the  forts  captured  "  Kennon"  and 
officers  and  men,  the  only  captures  from  the  rebel  fleet 
that  day;  was  second  on  both  passages  of  the  Vicksburg 
batteries.  Ordered  to  command  the  North  Atlantic 
Blockading  Squadron,  September  2,  1862.  Secretary 
Welles,  in  his  two  next  annual  reports,  states,  "Acting 
Rear- Admiral  Lee,  in  command,  has  faithfully  and  ably 
discharged  his  duties  in  a  position  of  great  responsibility, 
and  in  some  respects  of  great  embarrassment.  All  inter- 
course with  the  rebels  has  been  cut  off,  with  the  single 
exception  of  the  port  of  Wilmington,  of  two  inlets  forty 
miles  apart,  flanked  with  extensive  batteries,  where  some 
of  the  fastest  steamers  have  run  by  under  cover  of  dark- 
ness. This  port  could  not  be  closed  without  a  co-oper- 
ating land  force,  and  there  has  been  no  time  within  the 
last  two  years  when  the  navy  has  not  been  ready  and 
anxious  to  perform  its  part.  There  were  ninety-one 
affairs  and  expeditions  in  co-operation  with  the  army  or 
independently  ;  fifty-four  steamers  were  captured  or  de- 
stroyed during  his  command."  Lee's  system  of  steam- 
blockade,  original  and  effective,  was  adopted  by  his 
successor,  ami  will  be  an  instruction  for  the  future. 
De  Joinvillc  says,  "  Many  persons  believe  the  rigor  of 
the  blockade  the  primary  cause  of  the  subjection  of 
the  South."  Lee,  assigned  to  the  Mississippi  Squadron, 
took  command  November  1.  Hood  with  a  large 
army  was  moving  to  attack  Thomas  before  he  could 
concentrate.  Lee  promptly  stationed  the  vessels  on 
the  Mississippi  to  prevent  Kirby  Smith's  forces  from 
joining  Hood's. 

Sent  two  iron-clads  to  the  Cumberland  to  support 
Thomas,  and  protect  his  communications,  and  followed 
in  the  hastily-prepared  iron-clad  "Cincinnati;"  was 
stopped,  by  low  water  on  Harpeth  Shoals,  at  Clarksville, 
where  Thomas  and  Fitch  had  asked  an  iron-clad  should 
be  stationed,  to  prevent  Hood  from  crossing  for  the 
Ohio,  about  which  Giant  was  anxious.  The  river  rose 
barely  enough  to  allow  Fitch  to  move  the  gun-boats  and 
assist  the  army  to  turn  the  enemy's  left  in  the  battle  of 
the  15th,  but  not  enough  to  make  Harpeth  Shoals  pass- 
able until  three  days  later.  Fitch  desired  to  remain  on 
the  Cumberland  and  retain  an  iron-clad.  Lee  hurried 
up  the  Tennessee  to  cut  off  Hood's  escape  at  Duck- 
River,  or  at  Florence,  at  the  foot  of  the  shoals  heretofore 


considered  the  head  of  steamboat  navigation,  where  Hood 
had  crossed  last  fall.  All  visible  means  of  crossing  were 
destroyed.  The  operations  of  the  squadron  forced  Hood 
to  cross  six  miles  up  on  Muscle  Shoals,  where  the 
iron-clads  could  not  reach  the  enemy.  Hood  says  he 
crossed  Duck  River  on  the  19th,  "proceeded  on  dif- 
ferent roads,"  and  "  entertained  but  little  concern  in 
regard  to  being  further  harassed  by  the  enemy." 
"Therefore  continued  to  march  leisurely,  and  arrived 
at  Bainbridge  on  the  25th."  His  army  mostly  restored 
itself  to  citizenship.  The  defeat  of  Hood's  army  by 
the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  with  the  co-operation 
<>f  the  Mississippi  Squadron,  virtually  ended  the  war, 
and  left  only  ceremonial  proceedings  for  the  custom- 
house selvage  of  the  Southern  States  and  the  Trans- 
Mississippi.  General  Lee  was  unable  to  hold  or  leave 
his  trenches,  and  General  Sherman  wrote  that  Fort 
Fisher  would  fall  with  his  advance.  Charleston,  strongly 
fortified,  so  fell.  General  Thomas  telegraphed  to  Ad- 
miral Lee,  "Your  co-operation  on  the  Tennessee  River 
has  contributed  largely  to  the  demoralization  of  Hood's 
army,  and  it  gives  me  great  pleasure  to  tender  to  you, 
your  officers  and  men,  my  hearty  thanks  fir  your  cordial 
co-operation  during  the  operations  of  the  last  thirty 
days."  The  war  was  over;  Admiral  Lee  closed  up  all 
the  affairs  of  the  Mississippi  Squadron  except  selling 
the  vessels.  Secretary  Welles  wrote,  June  19,  "Acting 
Rear-Admiral  Lee  is  so  correct  and  accurate  a  busi- 
ness-man, that  I  know  he  would  wish  himself  to  close 
up  the  final  affairs  of  the  squadron  he  has  commanded 
with  so  much  ability  and  with  such  indefatigable  in- 
dustry." Detached  August  14.  Promoted  to  commo- 
dore July  25,  1866.  Promoted  to  rear-admiral  April 
22,  1870.  Commanded  North  Atlantic  Squadron  two 
years.  Retired  February  13,  1873.  He  was  devoted 
to  duty  and  just  in  command. 


240 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NA  VY  (regular) 


REAR-ADMIRAL  WILLIAM  E.    LE  ROY,   U.S.N. 

(deceased). 

Rear-Admiral  William  E.  Le  Roy  was  born  in  New 
York  March  24,  1S1.X.  Appointed  from  New  York 
January  1 1,  1832  ;  attached  to  frigate  "  Delaware,"  Med- 
iterranean Squadron,  1833—36 ;  brig  "Dolphin,"  Brazil 
Squadron,  1S37-3S.  Promoted  to  passed  midshipman 
June  23,  1838;  frigate  "Constitution,"  Pacific  Squad- 
ron, 1839-40;  store-ship  "  Erie,"  1S42-43.  Commis- 
sioned as  lieutenant  July  13,  1 843;  steamer  "Missis- 
sippi," Home  Squadron,  1S46;  steamer  "Princeton," 
Home  Squadron,  1847;  engagement  with  Mexican  sol- 
diers at  Rio  Aribiqua,  while  assisting  to  water  the 
"Princeton;"  sloop  "Savannah,"  Pacific  Squadron, 
1849-51;  waiting-orders,  1852;  frigate  "Savannah," 
Brazil  Squadron,  1853-55  !  Naval  Station,  Sackett's  Har- 


bor, New  York,  1857-58;  frigate  "Sabine,"  Brazil 
Squadron,  1S59;  commanding  steamer  "  Mystic,"  coast 
of  Africa,  1861.  Commissioned  as  commander  July  1, 
1861  ;  commanding  steamer  "Keystone  State,"  South 
Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron,  1862-63;  capture  of 
Fernandina,  1862;  engagement  with  iron-clads  off 
Charleston,  South  Carolina,  January,  1863  ;  commanding 
steam-sloop  "Oneida,"  Western  Gulf  Squadron,  1864; 
commanding  steam-sloop  "  Ossipee,"  Western  Gulf 
Squadron,  1864-65;  commanded  the  "  Ossipee"  at  the 
battle  of  Mobile  Bay,  August  5,  1864;  his  vessel  was 
struck  many  times,  but,  fortunately,  not  disabled.  When 
about  running  down  the  "  Tennessee,"  that  vessel  dis- 
played a  white  flag,  and  Captain  Le  Roy  received  her 
surrender  from  Captain  Johnson,  her  commander,  the 
rebel  Admiral  Buchanan  being  wounded ;  naval  ren- 
dezvous, New  York,  1866-67. 

Commissioned  as  captain  Jul}'  25,  1866;  fleet-captain 
European  Squadron,  under  Admiral  Farragut,  1867- 
68.  Commissioned  as  commodore  July,  1870;  special 
duty,  New  London,  1N71  ;  senior  officer  Board  of  Ex- 
aminers, 1872-73.  Commissioned  as  rear-admiral  April 
5,  1874;  commanding  South  Atlantic  Station,  1874- 
76;  commanding  European  Station,  1878-80.  Died, 
1888. 

Admiral  Le  Roy  was  a  man  of  such  singularly  happy 
temperament  and  urbane  manners,  that  every  one  who 
came  in  contact  with  him  became  fond  of  him.  There 
were  few  men  in  the  navy  more  generally  beloved.  At 
the  same  time  he  was  a  strict  disciplinarian,  and  a  fine 
type  of  the  naval  officer,  impressing  foreigners,  as  well  as 
our  own  people,  by  his  correct  and  courteous  bearing 
on  all  occasions. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


241 


CAPTAIN  BENJAMIN  C.  LOCKWOOD,  U.S.A. 

Captain  Benjamin  C.  Lockwood  (Twenty-second  In- 
fantry) was  born  in  Kentucky  February  28,  1 X44.  He 
entered  the  military  service  as  a  private  in  Company  F, 
Sixth  Kentucky  Infantry,  October  2,  1 86 1 ,  and  served 
during  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  in  the  armies  of  the 
West. 

He  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  of  the  Fifty- 
fourth  Kentucky  Infantry  September  30,  1864,  and  was 
honorably  mustered  out  September  1,  1865.  He  was 
engaged  during  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  in  the  battles 
of  Shiloh,  Cumberland  Gap,  Charlestown,  Chickasaw 
Bayou,  Arkansas  Post,  siege  of  Vicksburg,  Pound  Gap, 
Saltville,  Marion  Heights,  Aberdeen,  Zollicoffer,  Lead- 
ville  (North  Carolina),  Bardstown  (Kentucky),  and  with 
guerillas  in  the  remainder  of  his  war-service. 

Captain  Lockwood  entered  the  regular  service  as  a 
second  lieutenant  of  the  Thirty-first  Infantry  March  7, 
1867,  and  joined  his  company,  and  was  engaged  in  skir- 
mishes with  Indians  in  1808  at  Fort  Totten;  in  1S68-69 
at  Fort  Buford  ;  and  in  [869  at  Fort  Stevenson;  also 
on   Yellowstone    River   in    [876,   and   Tongue    River  in 

1877. 
He  was   transferred  to  the  Twenty-second    Infantry 

May  15,  1869,  and  served  at  Fort  Rice,  Dakota,  [869 ;  at 
Fort  Randall,  Dakota,  1872—73  ;  with  his  company  to  re- 
inforce General  Terry  at  the  mouth  of  Rosebud  Creek  in 
1876;  participated  in  the  campaigns  of  General  Terry 
and  General  Miles  against  hostile  Indians  dining  the  years 
of  1876-77  ;  on  sick-leave  from  June,  1877,  to  November, 
1S77,  when  he  joined  Company  G  at  Fort  Porter,  New 
York.  He  moved  with  his  company  to  Texas  in  1879; 
served  at  Fort  McKavett  until  July,  1880,  when  he  was 
transferred  to  command  Company  B,  and  served  there 
until  January,  188 1.  He  was  at  Fort  Duncan  until  Oc- 
tober, 1881  ;  at  Fort  Clark  until  October,  1882;  on  leave 
until  May,  1883;  and  rejoined  his  company  at  Fort  Lewis, 
Colorado,  1884.  He  was  then  detailed  on  recruiting  ser- 
vice from  1887  to  1889;  and  was  promoted  captain  June 


2,  1889,  when  he  joined  Company  I  at  Fort  Abraham 
Lincoln,  Dakota,  in  October,  1889. 

Captain  Lockwood  was  post  adjutant  at  Fort  Totten, 
Dakota,  hum  July,  1867,  to  December,  1867;  acting 
assistant  quartermaster  and  acting  commissar)'  of  sub- 
sistence at  Port  Buford,  Dakota,  from  October,  1868,  to 
June,  1869;  post  adjutant  at  Fort  Stevenson  from  June, 
1869,  to  October,  1869;  post  adjutant  at  Fort  Randall, 
Dakota,  from  August,  [870,  to  Jul)-,  1871  ;  post  adjutant 
at  Lower  Brule  Agency  from  Jul)-,  1871,  to  September, 
1  Sj2  ;  post  adjutant  at  Fort  Randall,  Dakota,  from  May, 
1873,  to  June,  1874;  acting  assistant  quartermaster  and 
acting  commissar)-  of  subsistence  at  Fort  Brady,  Michi- 
gan, from  May,  1875,  to  May,  1876;  acting  commissary 
of  subsistence  at  Fort  Lewis,  Colorado,  1884-85;  post 
adjutant  at  Columbus  Barracks,  Ohio,  from  1887  to 
June  2,  1889. 

Upon  the  consolidation  of  Company  I,  Twenty-second 
Infantry,  Captain  Lockwood  was  ordered  to  Fort  Keogh, 
Montana  (his  present  station),  and  subsequently  assigned 
to  Company  D,  Twenty-second  Infantry. 


3i 


242 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  regular) 


EX-PAYMASTER-GENERAL  THOMAS  H.  LOOKER, 
U.S.N,  (retired). 

Ex-Paymaster- General  Thomas  H.  Looker  was  born 
in  Ohio,  and  has  been  for  many  years  a  resident  of  the 
District  of  Columbia.  He  originally  entered  the  navy 
as  a  midshipman  in  November,  1846,  and  served  with 
credit  throughout  the  Mexican  War  in  several  expedi- 
tions on  the  coast  and  up  rivers.  (  >n  account  of  ill 
health,  incident  to  hard  service,  he  resigned  in  1852. 

Paymaster  Looker's  record  while  serving  as  a  line- 
officer  in  the  navy  was  most  creditable,  and  his  standing 
in  his  class  rendered  it  certain  that,  had  his  health  not 
broken  down,  he  would  have  been  just  as  successful  in 
the  line  as  he  had  been  in  the  staff.  However,  later  in 
his  career,  the  knowledge  gained  as  a  line-officer  proved 
of  great  benefit  to  him  and  to  the  service. 

In    August,    1853,   he   was   appointed   a   purser  in   the 


navy.  Attached  to  brig  "  Bainbridge,"  Brazil  Squadron, 
'853-56;  sloop-of-war  "Portsmouth,"  East  India  Squad- 
ron, 1857-58;  steamer  "Brooklyn,"  Home  Squadron, 
1858-60;  and  in  the  same  ship  in  1861,  in  the  Atlantic 
and  Gulf  Squadrons,  conveying  troops  and  assisting  in 
saving  Fort  Pickens,  and  instituting  the  blockade  off  the 
mouths  of  the  Mississippi. 

From  1 86 1  to  1863  he  was  paymaster  in  charge  of 
supplies  North  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron,  and  was, 
as  a  volunteer,  in  the  memorable  action  between  the 
"  Merrimac"  and  the  "  Monitor"  and  squadron  at  Hamp- 
ton Roads,  Virginia,  in  1862. 

Luring  1864,  Paymaster  Looker  was  temporarily  on 
important  duty  in  Baltimore.  It  will  thus  be  seen  that 
Paymaster  Looker  was  actively  engaged  during  the 
entire  period  of  the  Civil  War,  and  his  creditable  services 
then  hail  much  to  do  with  his  appointment  afterwards 
to  the  head  of  his  corps. 

In  1865  he  was  ordered  to  the  "  Powhatan,"  on  the 
South  Pacific  Station,  and  became  fleet-paymaster  to 
1 808.  From  [869  to  1S72  he  was  in  charge  of  the 
Naval  Pay-Office  at  Baltimore,  ami  then  served  a  term 
.it  the  navy-yard  at  Washington.  Then  he  was  ordered 
to  the  Pay-(  Iffice  in  Baltimore  again.  In  1877-78  he 
was  "Assistant  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy."  From 
1878  to  1  88 2  he  was  general  inspector  of  the  pay  corps 
of  the  navy.  He  was  then  stationed  at  the  Pay-(  )ffice  at 
Washington,  and  was  again  general  inspector  of  the  pay 
corps  in  [889  and  1890.  In  March,  1890,  he  was  ap- 
pointed paymaster-general  of  the  navy,  and  chief  of  the 
Bureau  of  Provisions  and  Clothing,  Navy  Department, 
with  the  relative  rank  of  commodore.  He  was  retired 
with  that  rank  in  November,  1 891,  by  reason  of  age  and 
length  of  service,  together  with  ill  health  caused  by  the 
great  strain  which  at  that  time  devolved  upon  the  in- 
cumbent of  the  office  of  the  paymaster-general. 


WHO  SERVED   IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


?43 


MAJOR  JAMES  H.    LORD.  U.S.A. 

Major  James  H.  Lord  (Quartermaster's  Department) 
was  born  in  Pennsylvania  February  27,  1840,  and  grad- 
uated from  the  Military  Academy  June  17,  1862.  He 
was  promoted  brevet  second  lieutenant  of  the  Second 
Artillery  the  same  day,  and  on  July  24  of  the  same  year 
was  promoted  second  lieutenant  of  the  same  regiment. 
He  served  in  the  Peninsula  campaign  of  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac  during  the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  and  in  the 
Northern  Virginia  campaign  in  1862,  and  was  engaged 
at  the  battles  of  Malvern  Hill,  second  Bull  Run,  Chan- 
tilly,  and  several  skirmishes.  He  participated  in  the 
Maryland  campaign,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of 
South  Mountain  and  Antietam,  and  then  took  part  in  the 
march  back  to  the  Rappahannock  River,  and  was  engaged 
in  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  Virginia. 

Having  been  transferred  to  the  Western  army,  he  was 
at  Covington,  Kentucky,  in  April,  1863,  and  at  Lexing- 
ton to  June  4,  1863,  when  he  took  part  in  the  move- 
ments of  the  Ninth  Army  Corps  to  Young's  Point, 
Louisiana.  He  then  participated  in  the  Vicksburg  cam- 
paign, being  engaged  in  the  siege  of  that  place  from  June 
17  to  July  4,  1863,  and  capture  of  Jackson,  Mississippi, 
July  16,  1863.  He  was  then  granted  a  leave  of  absence, 
on  account  of  sickness,  from  August  10  to  September 
26,  1863.  He  was  detailed  as  mustering  and  disbursing 
officer  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  from  March  15  to  May  2, 
1864,  and  at  Boston,  Massachusetts,  to  December  25, 
1864.  In  the  mean  time  he  was  promoted  first  lieu- 
tenant, to  date  from  March  30,  1864. 

In  February,  1865,  Lieutenant  Lord  took  command 
of  his  battery,  and  participated  in  the  operations  about 
Petersburg.  Virginia,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of 
Dinwiddie  Court-House,  March  31,  1865  ;  battle  of  Five 
Forks,  April  I,  1865,  and,  while  in  pursuit  of  the  enemy, 
in  the  actions  at  Lisbon  Centre,  High  Bridge,  Farmville, 
and  Appomattox  Court-House,  at  the  surrender  of  Lee. 
He  was  brevetted  first  lieutenant  July  1,  1862,  for  "  gal- 
lant and  meritorious    services  at  the  battle  of  Malvern 


Hill,  Virginia;"  captain,  September  17,  1862,  for  "gal- 
lant and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of  Antietam, 
Maryland,"  and  major,  April  9,  1865,  "for  gallant  and 
meritorious  services  in  action  at  Appomattox  Court- 
House,  Virginia." 

Lieutenant  Lord  was  at  the  head-quarters  of  the 
Second  Division,  Cavalry  Corps,  as  aide  to  General 
Crook,  from  June  22  to  August  25,  1865,  having  been 
appointed  captain  on  the  volunteer  staff.  He  then  took 
command  of  a  company  at  Fort  McHeniy,  Maryland, 
and  in  the  fall  of  that  year  was  transferred  to  the  Pa- 
cific coast,  serving  at  the  Presidio,  San  Diego,  and  in 
garrison  at  the  Presidio  of  San  Francisco,  as  quarter- 
master of  the  Second  Artillery,  from  May  1,  1867,  to 
April  28,  1875. 

He  was  appointed  captain  and  assistant  quartermaster 
April  24,  1875,  and  since  that  time  has  served  in  various 
sections  of  the  country,  until  promoted  major,  October 
4,  1889,  when,  shortly  afterwards,  he  was  ordered  to  San 
Francisco  as  depot  quartermaster,  which  position  he  is 
filling  at  the  present  time. 


244 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   XAYY  {regular) 


CAPTAIN  GEORGE   G.   LOTT,    U.S.A.  (retired). 

Captain  George  G.  Loir  was  born  July  2,  1843,  in 
Pennsylvania,  lie  is  the  son  of  Dr.  Geo.  W.  Lott,  for 
many  years  practising  physician  and  surge*  >n  1  if  Columbia 
County,  in  that  State,  eminent  in  his  profession,  distin- 
guished for  conspicuous  and  consistent  loyalty  to  the 
national  government,  ever  active  in  maintaining  the 
supremacy  of  the  same.  A  second  son,  Dr.  John  11. 
Lott,  late  acting  assistant  surgeon  United  States  Army, 
and  practising  physician  and  surgeon  of  Buffalo, 
W)  oming. 

Captain  Lott  was  a  cadet  at  the  Military  Academy 
from  July  1,  1861,  to  June  23,  [862,  when  he  was  ap- 
pointed captain  and  aide-de-camp  of  volunteers,  and 
reported  for  duty  to  Brigadier- General  S.  D.  Sturgis,  at 
Alexandria,  Virginia,  lie  served  with  that  officer  from 
that  time  to  March,  [864;  with  Reserve  Army  Corps, 
comprising  troops  garrisoning  the  defences  of  Washing- 
ton, July  S  to  August  22,  1S62;  General  Pope's  army 
during  the  second  Bull  Run  campaign,  August  22  to 
September  2,  [862;  with  Second  Division,  Ninth  Corps, 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  through  the  .Maryland  campaign, 
September,  [862,  and  its  march  to  and  battle  of  Fred- 
ericksburg, Virginia,  December  [3,  [862;  its  transfer  to 
and  services  in  Central  and  Eastern  Kentucky  to  June, 
1863;  with  Central  Division  of  Kentucky  to  September, 
1863  ;  with  Cavalry  Corps,  Army  of  the  (  Ihio,  operating 
in  Eastern  Kentucky  and  East  Tennessee,  to  March, 
1864.  In  April,  1864,  he  was  assigned  to  duty  with 
Brigadier-General  E.  11.  Hobson,  and  served  with  that 
officer  as  member  of  his  personal  staff  until   May,  1865. 


He  was  with  the  Mounted  Brigade  and  Second  Division, 
Department  of  Kentucky,  throughout  the  length  and 
breadth  of  that  State  anil  in  West  Virginia.  Taken  pris- 
oner at  Keller's  Bridge,  Licking  River,  near  Cynthiana, 
Kentucky,  in  engagement  with  Confederate  forces  under 
General  John  II.  Morgan,  June  IO,  1864,  and  recaptured 
by  United  States  forces  two  days  later. 

<  )ctober  2,  1864,  he  was  in  an  engagement  at  Saltville, 
West  Virginia,  with  Confederate  forces  under  General 
John  C.  Breckenridge.  In  May,  [865,  he  was  assigned 
to  duty  with  Brigadier-General  Louis  1).  Watkins,  com- 
manding at  Louisville,  Kentucky,  and  served  with  that 
officer  as  member  of  his  personal  staff  until  mustered 
out  of  volunteer  service.  May  31,  1866. 

<  )n  the  7th  of  March,  1 807,  he  accepted  the  ap- 
pointment of  second  lieutenant  Twenty-fourth  U.  S. 
Infantry.  He  appeared  before  the  Board  at  Louisville, 
Kentucky,  for  examination,  March  2j,  1867,  and  being 
duly  commissioned,  reported,  under  orders  for  duty  at 
Newport  Barracks,  Kentucky,  and  subsequently  joined 
his  regiment  June  3,  [867,  at  Vicksburg,  Mississippi,  and 
served  with  regiment  in  Mississippi  to  March,  1869, 
when  the  regiment  was  transferred  to  Texas,  where, 
April,  1869,  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-ninth  Regi- 
ments were  consolidated  and  afterwards  known  as  the 
Sixteenth  Infantry. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  Twenty-fourth 
U.  S.  Infantry  October  14,  1 80S,  transferred  to  the 
Eleventh  U.  S.  Infantry  by  reorganization  of  the  army, 
April  25,  1869;  regimental  adjutant  Eleventh  U.  S. 
Infantry  November  1  1,  1874,  to  May  30,  [886  ;  promoted 
captain  Eleventh  U.  S.  Infantry  June  1,  1886. 

Lieutenant  Lott  was  judge-advocate  of  a  general  court- 
martial  at  Galveston,  Texas,  April  ami  May,  1869;  with 
company  at  Jefferson,  Texas,  June,  1869,  to  June,  1870; 
commanding  company  and  on  the  march  to  Fort  Concho, 
Texas,  June  6  to  July  17,  1870;  Fort  Concho,  Texas, 
Jul\-,  1870,  to  November  11,  1874;  at  Fort  Richardson, 
Texas  (regimental  adjutant),  to  November,  1876;  01  route 
to  Department  of  Dakota,  November  and  December, 
1876;  at  Cheyenne  Agency,  Dakota,  to  December,  1879; 
.it  Fort  Sully,  Dakota,  to  July,  1886;  on  general  recruit- 
in-  service  at  David's  Island,  New  York  harbor,  July, 
1886,  to  (  ictober,  1  888;  at  Sackett's  Harbor,  New  York, 
October,  1888,  to  July,  1889;  at  Plattsburgh  Barracks, 
New  York  (commanding  post  and  company),  July,  1889, 
to  December,  1889,  when,  as  a  result  of  examination  by 
Retiring  Board,  was  ordered  home  to  await  retirement, 
and  he  was  retired  from  active  service  February  25,  1S91. 
Residence,  Covington,  Kentucky. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE  CIVIL   WAR. 


245 


REAR-ADMIRAL  STEPHEN    BLEEKER   LUCE.    U.S.N. 

(RETIRED). 

Rear-Admiral  Stephen  Bleeker  Luce  has  been 
upon  so  many  stations,  and  in  so  man)"  different  kinds 
of  duty,  that  it  would  he  impossible,  within  our  limited 
space,  to  enumerate  them.  He  was  born  in  New 
York ;  entered  the  naval  service  as  midshipman  in 
1 84 1,  when  thirteen  years  and  a  half  old.  In  1S89,  by 
operation  of  law,  he  was  placed  upon  the  retired  list, 
having  then  a  total  sea-service  of  thirty-three  years; 
other  duty,  twelve  years  and  three  months  ;  and  "  un- 
employed," one  year,  eleven  months.  While  a  midship- 
man he  served  in  the  Mediterranean  and  on  the  coast  of 
Bra/il;  and,  from  1845  to  1848,  in  the  "Columbus," 
74,  circumnavigating  the  globe,  visiting  Japan,  and 
serving  on  the  coast  of  California  during  the  Mexicm 
War.  He  next  went  to  the  Naval  Academy,  becoming 
passed  midshipman  in  1S48.  After  a  three  years'  cruise 
in  the  Pacific,  he  was  upon  astronomical  duty,  the  Home 
Squadron,  and  the  Coast  Survey,  up  to  September,  1855, 
when  he  was  promoted  to  be  master,  and  to  lieutenant 
the  da)'  after.  After  a  cruise  in  the  Gulf  of  Mexico  and 
the  West  Indies,  he  went  to  the  Naval  Academy  as 
assistant  instructor.  While  there  the  Civil  War  broke 
out.  Lieutenant  Luce  was  ordered  to  the  frigate 
"  Wabash,"  on  the  Atlantic  blockade,  and  in  her  took 
part  in  the  actions  at  Hatteras  Inlet  and  Port  Royal. 
He  commanded  a  howitzer  launch  of  the  "  Wabash,"  in 
a  reconnoissance  in  force,  and  an  engagement  at  Port 
Royal  Ferry,  by  combined  military  and  naval  forces.  In 
January,  1862,  he  was  ordered  to  the  Naval  Academy, 
which  had  been  removed  to  Newport  during  the  war, 
and  in  July  of  that  year  was  commissioned  lieutenant- 
commander.  In  the  summer  of  1863  he  commanded 
the  "Macedonian,"  on  her  practice  cruise  to  Europe, 
and,  upon  his  return,  was  ordered  to  the  command  of 
the  monitor  "  Nantucket,"  of  the  North  Atlantic  Block- 
ading Squadron. 

While  in  command  of  "  Nantucket"  he  engaged  Forts 
Moultrie  and  Sumter  a  number  of  times.  In  August, 
1864,  he  was  ordered  to  command  the  "Sonoma,'' 
double-ender,  of  the  North  Atlantic  Squadron,  but  was 
almost  immediately  transferred  to  the  command  of  the 
"  Canandaigua,"  and  from  her  to  the  "  Pontiac,"  where 
he  remained  until  June,  1865.  While  in  command  of  the 
"  Pontiac"  engaged  Battery  Marshall.  In  January,  1865, 
reported  to  General  Sherman,  at  Savannah,  for  duty  in 
connection  with  army  operations.  With  great  difficulty 
got  the  "  Pontiac"  up  to  Sister's  Ferry,  forty  miles  above 
Savannah,  and  guarded  the  pontoon  bridge  there,  while 


Slocum's  wing  passed  into  South  Carolina.  Lieutenant- 
Commander  Luce  next  served  as  commandant  of  mid- 
shipmen at  Annapolis;  commanding,  in  1866,  the 
practice  squadron  of  six  vessels.  In  1867  he  com- 
manded the  practice  cruise,  which  extended  to  European 
waters,  with  three  ships.  In  1868  he  took  the  same- 
squadron  on  a  practice  cruise,  visiting  West  Point,  and 
then  going  to  Europe.  He  had  been  commissioned  as 
commander  in  1 866 ;  commanded  the  "  Mohongo,"  in 
the  Pacific,  and  the  "Juniata,"  of  the  European  Squad- 
ron. In  September,  1S72,  he  was  serving  as  equipment 
officer  at  the  Boston  Navy- Yard,  and  was  commissioned 
captain  in  December  of  that  year.  During  the  "  Vir- 
ginias" excitement  he  was  ordered  to  command  the 
"  Minnesota,"  but  returned  to  his  former  duty  in  a  short 
time.  His  next  duty  was  the  command  of  the  "Hart- 
ford," from  which  he  went  to  that  of  inspector  of  train- 
ing-ships, in  which  he  has  always  shown  an  enlightened 
interest  and  fostering  care.  From  January  1,  1878,  to 
January  1,1881,  he  was  in  command  of  the  "Minne- 
sota" training-ship,  on  our  coast.  From  April,  1881,  to 
January,  1884,  he  was  in  command  of  the  Training 
Squadron,  constantly  cruising.  Commodore  in  1881, 
he  was,  the  next  year,  ordered  as  president  of  the  Com- 
mission on  the  Sale  of  the  Navy-Yards.  In  Jul)-,  1884, 
he  was  ordered  to  the  command  of  the  North  Atlantic 
Squadron,  as  acting  rear-admiral ;  and  in  September  of 
the  same  year  made  president  of  the  U.  S.  Naval  War 
College,  at  Coaster's  Harbor,  Rhode  Island.  He  was 
promoted  to  rear-admiral  in  October,  1885.  From  June, 
1886,  to  February,  18S9,  he  was  in  command  of  the 
North  Atlantic  Station. 


-4'"' 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL   RANALD  S.   MACKENZIE, 
U.S.A.  (deceased). 

Brigadier-General  Ranald  S.  M  m  kenzie  was  bom 
in  Now  York.  He  was  a  sun  of  Commodore  Slidell 
Mackenzie,  U.  S.  Navy.  He  graduated  at  the  Military 
Academy  June  17,  1862,  and  was  promoted  second  lieu- 
tenant Corps  of  Engineers  the  same  day.  He  served 
during  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  as  assistant  engineer  of 
the  Ninth  Army  Corps  in  the  Northern  Virginia  cam- 
paign, and  was  engaged  in  the  action  of  Kelly's  Ford  and 
battle  of  Manassas,  where  he  was  wounded, and  for  which 
lie  received  the  brevet  of  first  lieutenant  August  29,  [862, 
for  gallant  and  meritorious  services, 

lie  left  the  field  on  account  of  wounds,  and  was  on 
leave  to  October  19,  1862,  when  he  w  as  attached  to  the 
Engineer  Battalion  in  the  Maryland  campaign  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  was  engaged  in  constructing, 
repairing,  and  guarding  bridges.  He  was  in  the  Rap- 
pahannock campaign,  and  engaged  in  the  battles  ol 
Fredericksburg  and  Chancellorsville.  He  was  promoted 
first  lieutenant  March  5,  [863,  and  was  in  the  Pennsyl- 
vania campaign,  in  command  of  an  engineer  company, 
and  was  engaged  in  laying  bridges  ovei  the  Occoquan, 
and  across  the  Potomac  at  Edwards'  Ferry,  and  took 
part  in  the  battle  of  Gettysburg.  He  participated  in  the 
subsequent  campaigns  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  as 
captain  of  engineers,  laying  and  guarding  bridges, 
making  roads  and  reconnoissances,  building  block- 
houses, constructing  rifle-trenches,  and  was  engaged  in 


the  battle  of  the  Wilderness,  combat  at  Todd's  Tavern, 
and  battles  about  Spottsylvania,  and  while  in  command 
of  his  regiment  was  wounded  in  front  of  Petersburg 
June  22,  1864. 

Captain  Mackenzie  was  appointed  colonel  of  the 
Second  Connecticut  Heavy  Artillery  July  10,  1864,  and, 
joining  his  regiment  in  the  Sixth  Army  Corps,  was 
engaged  in  defence  of  the  national  capital  July  11-12, 
[864.  He  commanded  a  brigade  in  the  Sixth  Army 
Corps  in  the  Shenandoah  campaign,  and  was  engaged  in 
the  battle  of  Opequan,  Fisher's  Hill,  and  Cedar  Creek, 
where  he  was  wounded,  and  was  on  sick-leave  from 
<  Vtober  19  to  November,  [864.  He  then  rejoined  and 
commanded  a  brigade  in  the  siege  of  Petersburg.  He 
was  appointed  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  October  19, 

1864,  and  commanded  a  cavalry  division  in  the  Army  of 
the  James  during  March  and  April,  [865,  and  was  en- 
gaged in  the   battle   of  Five    Forks,  pursuit  of  General 

I  Ac's  army,  and  skirmish  and  capitulation  of  Appomattox 
Court-House  April  9,  1865. 

General  Mackenzie  was  brevetted  for  gallant  and  meri- 
torious services  as  follows:  First  lieutenant  August  29, 
1862,  for  Manassas;  captain  May  3,  1863,  for  Chancel- 
lorsville ;  major  July  4,  1863,  for  Gettysburg  ;  lieutenant- 
colonel  June  18,  [864,  for  Petersburg;  colonel  October 
19,  1864,  for  Cedar  Creek  ;  brigadier-general   March    13, 

1865,  for  services  dining  the  Rebellion.  He  was  also 
brevetted  major-general  of  volunteers  March  31,  1865, 
for  "  gallant  and  meritorious  services  during  the  Rebel- 
lie  hi." 

At  the  close  of  the  war  he  was  stationed  at  Richmond, 
Virginia,  commanding  a  cavalry  division  until  August, 
1865;  then  he  was  placed  on  waiting  orders  to  January 
15,  1866,  at  which  time  he  was  mustered  out  of  the 
volunteer  service.  He  was  on  leave  of  absence  to  Feb- 
ruary 8,  1866,  when  he  was  detailed  as  assistant  engineer 
in  the  construction  of  the  defences  of  Portsmouth  harbor, 
New  York,  to  May,  1X67. 

He  was  appointed  colonel  of  the  Forty-first  U.  S. 
Infantry  March  6,  i8r>7,  and  transferred  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Infantry  March  15,  1869.  He  was  transferred  to 
the  Fourth  Cavalry  December  15,  1870.  He  was  ap- 
pointed a  brigadier-general,  U.  S.  Army,  October  26, 
18S2,  ami  while  in  command  of  the  Department  of 
Texas  was  retired  tor  disability  March  24,  1884.  He 
died  January  19,  1889,  at  New  Brighton,  Staten  Island, 
New  York. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


247 


CAPTAIN  AND  BREVET  MAJOR  JUNIUS  W.  MAC- 
MURRAY,  U.S.A. 
Captain  and  Brevet  Major  Junius  W.  MacMur- 
RAY  (First  Artillery)  was  born  near  Carondelet,  Missouri, 
May  1,  1843.  He  was  educated  for  a  civil  engineer.  He 
volunteered  as  a  substitute  in  Company  B,  Engineer  Bat- 
talion National  Guard,  State  of  Missouri,  during  the  cam- 
paign of  the  Kansas  border  in  Missouri,  October,  No- 
vember, and  December,  i860,  under  order  of  the  Gov- 
ernor of  the  State.  At  the  commencement  of  the  war 
of  the  Rebellion,  during  the  bombardment  of  Fort 
Sumter,  South  Carolina,  he  commenced  recruiting  volun- 
teers in  the  State  of  Missouri,  under  the  call  of  the  Presi- 
dent of  the  United  States,  but  in  opposition  to  the  Gov- 
ernor of  the  State  of  Missouri.  1  le  recruited  a  company, 
which  was  accepted  for  defence  of  the  U.  S.  Arsenal  at 
St.  Louis,  Missouri,  and  was  sworn  in  with  this  company 
after  midnight  of  April  20,  1861,  in  St.  Louis  Arsenal,  by 
Captain  Nathaniel  Lyon,  Second  U.  S.  Infantry.  Briga- 
dier-General Harney,  commanding  the  Department  of 
the  West,  refused  to  recognize  the  swearing  in  of  volun- 
teers for  this  purpose  by  Captain  Lyon,  without  authority 
from  the  Governor  of  Missouri;  but  the  men  and  officers 
were  retained  in  the  arsenal,  armed  for  its  defence,  and 
performing  the  duty  of  guards.  On  April  25,  1861,  the 
command  was  sworn  in  by  Lieutenant  Rufus  Saxton, 
Fourth  Artillery,  as  Company  B,  Rifle  Battalion,  First 
Missouri  Volunteers.  Lieutenant  Saxton  not  being  a 
regularly-designated  mustering  officer,  the  company  was 
again  duly  sworn  into  service  April  29,  [861,  by  Lieu- 
tenant John  M.  Schofield,  First  U.  S.  Artillery,  mustering 
officer  (major  First  Missouri  Infantry  Volunteers),  as 
Company  B,  Saxton  Rifle  Battalion  of  the  First  Missouri 
Volunteers,  of  which  MacMurray  was  second  lieutenant. 
He  was  transferred  to  the  First  Missouri  Light  Artillery 
June  10,  1 861,  and  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  Sep- 
tember 1,  1 86 1.  He  served  in  the  Western  army,  and 
was  engaged  in  the  blockade  of  the  Mississippi  River 
against  steamers  bringing  munitions  of  war  captured 
by  Confederates  at  Baton  Rouge  Arsenal  to  St.  Louis. 
He  participated  in  the  expedition  to  Southwest  Missouri, 
and  was  afterwards  on  recruiting  service  and  with  his 
regiment  at  Camp  of  Instruction  near  St.  Louis.  lie 
participated  in  Fremont's  expedition  to  Southwest  Mis- 
souri, and  was  in  the  regular  brigade  from  October,  1861, 
to  February,  1862,  when  he  was  transferred  to  the  Army 
of  the  Mississippi,  and  assigned  to  a  cavalry  division. 
He  was  engaged  in  the  capture  of  Camp  Jackson,  with 
twelve  hundred  rebel  prisoners,  May  10,  1861  ;  at  the 
capture  of  Jefferson  City,  Missouri,  June  15,  1861,  and 
participated  in  the  following  actions,  battles,  and  skir- 
mishes :  Booneville,  Missouri;  Blackwater,  Missouri; 
New  Madrid  and  Island  No.  10 ;  with  gun-boats  at  Point 
Pleasant,    Fort    Pillow,    Farmington,  siege  of    Corinth, 


Hatchie  River,  Jacinto,  Rienzi,  Blackland,  Booneville, 
Tuscumbia,  1  lolly  Springs,  Iuka,  Corinth,  Davis's  Bridge, 
The  Hatchie,  Ripley,  Waterford,  Lumpkin's  Mills,  Tal- 
lahatchie Bridge,  Lamar,  Coffeeville,  Fort  Hindman,  Port 
Gibson,  Bayou  Pierre,  Hankinson's  Ferry,  Raymond, 
Clinton,  Jackson,  Champion  Hills,  Big  Black;  assault, 
siege,  and  surrender  of  Vicksburg. 

Lieutenant  MacMurray  was  promoted  captain  of  First 
Missouri  Light  Artillery  Nov.  I,  1863  ;  was  at  St.  Louis 
to  Feb.,  1865;  in  charge  of  reconstruction  of  fortifica- 
tions at  New  Madrid,  and  served  with  the  Powder  River 
Indian  Expedition,  on  the  march  from  Franklin,  Mis- 
souri, to  the  valley  of  the  Powder  River,  Montana,  from 
|une  1  to  Nov.  12,  1865,  having  been  engaged  with 
Sioux,  Cheyennes,  and  Arapahoes  near  Yellowstone 
River,  in  September.  He  was  honorably  mustered  out 
of  the  volunteer  service  Nov.  20,  1865. 

Captain  MacMurray  entered  the  regular  service  Feb- 
ruary 2^,  1866,  as  second  lieutenant  of  the  first  Artil- 
lery ;  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  March  20,  1866, 
and  was  brevettcd  captain  for  "  gallant  and  meritorious 
services"  in  the  siege  of  Corinth,  and  major  for  "gallant 
and  meritorious  services"  in  the  siege  of  Vicksburg.  He 
was  also  brevetted  major  of  volunteers  for  "  gallant  and 
meritorious  services,"  and  lieutenant-colonel  of  volunteers 
for  "  gallant  and  meritorious  services"  dining  the  war. 

Since  entering  the  regular  army,  Major  MacMurray's 
service  has  been  of  both  varied  and  important  nature. 
His  education  as  a  civil  engineer  fitted  him  for  many 
duties  to  which  he  has  been  assigned.  He  was  professor 
of  military  science  and  tactics  at  the  University  of  Mis- 
souri, at  Columbia  and  Rolla,  Missouri ;  at  Cornell  Uni- 
versity, New  York,  and  at  Union  College  ;  he  made  plans 
and  estimates  for  sanitary  system  for  Vancouver  Bar- 
racks, and  designed  water  system  for  that  and  other  posts. 
Now  on  recruiting  service  at  Binghamton,  New  York. 


248 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD  NAVY  (regular) 


CHIEF   ENGINEER    DAVID   B.   MACOMB.    U.S.N. 
(retired). 

Chief  Engineer  David  B.  Macomb  was  horn  near 
Tallahassee,  Florida,  February  27,  1827.  He  was 
appointed  third  assistant  engineer  in  the  navy  January 
11,  1S49,  from  Pennsylvania.  His  first  duty  was  in  the 
office  of  the  engineer-in-chief.  Navy  Department,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C,  1849-50;  coast-survey  steamer  "Bibb," 
1850-51  ;  promoted  to  second  assistant  engineer  Febru- 
ary 26,  1 85  1,  remaining  attached  to  the  coast-surveying 
steamer  "  Bibb,"  as  her  senior  engineer,  until  December, 
1S52,  and  was  then  ordered  to  the  steamer  "John  I  lan- 
cock,"  attached  to  the  squadron  of  the  U.  S.  Exploring 
Expedition  to  the  North  Pacific  Ocean,  China  and  Japan 
Seas,  under  Acting  Commodore  Cadwalader  Ringgold, 
U.S.N.,  which  acted  in  conjunction  with  G  imnii  idi  ire  M.  C. 
Perry,  L'.S.X.,  in  concluding  the  treaty  of  amity  and  com- 
merce with  Japan,  1853-55  I  promoted  to  first  assistant  en- 
gineer June  26,  185(1,  and  ordered  to  the  steam-frigate 
"Wabash,"  flag-ship  of  Commodore  Paulding,  U.S.X., 
commanding  tlie  Home  Squadron,  1856-57;  ordered  to 
duty  on  frigate  "  Saranac."  attached  to  the  Pacific  Squad- 
ron, 1858-59;  promoted  to  chief  engineer  September  21, 
i860;  ordered  to  the  steam-frigate"  Niagara,"  which  con- 
veyed the  Japanese  ambassadors  back  to  Jeddo,  now 
Tokio,  Japan,  i860.  Returned  to  Boston  April  23,  1S61, 
and  then  first  learned  that  Fort  Sumter  had  been  fired 
upon  and  surrendered  to  the  South  Carolina  State  fori  es, 
and  that  several  other  States  had  seceded  from  the 
Union.  Tin;  "  Niagara"  was  immediately  ordered  to 
New  York  Navy- Yard,  and,  after  taking  on  board  some 
fresh  stores  and  outfits,  she  left  New  York  May  3,  1861, 
for  blockade  duty  off  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  and 
Savannah.  Georgia,  being  the  first  war-vessel  ordered 
on  that  service.  The  "  Niagara,"  being  the  flag-ship  of 
Flag-Officer  William  W.  McKean,  was  the  leading  vessel 


in  the  bombardment  and  reduction  of  Fort  McRae  and  Pen- 
sacola  Navy- Yard,  October,  1861  ;  detached  from  the"  Ni- 
agara," February  23,  1  862,  and  March  9,  1 862  ;  ordered  to 
spei  ial  duty  in  superintending  the  building  and  fitting 
out  of  the  iron-clad  monitors  "  Nahant,"  "  Nantucket." 
and  "Canonicus,"  1862-63,  and  upon  the  completion  of 
the  latter  vessel  was  ordered  as  her  chief  engineer,  and 
in  Ma)',  1863,  she  was  sent  to  Norfolk,  Virginia,  to  join 
the  James  River  fleet  of  iron-clads  and  gun-boats,  and 
North  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron,  under  Acting 
Rear-Admiral  S.  P.  Lee,  U.S.N. ,  1 863-64.  The  "  Canoni- 
cus" was  at  the  reduction  of  "  Hewlett's  House"  bat- 
teries, June  21,  1864;  and  at  battles  of  Dutch  Gap  and 
Deep  Bottom,  August  13,  1864;  and  before  Fort  Fisher 
December  25  and  25,  1S64;  and  at  the  final  reduction 
and  surrender  of  that  place  January  13-15.  1865;  and 
immediately  after  the  surrender  (that  night)  the  "  Canoni- 
cus" and  "  Moiiadnock"  were  ordered  off  Charleston, 
South  Carolina,  to  assist  in  the  blockade  of  that  place, 
and  participated  in  the  bombardment  and  occupation  of 
Charleston  by  the  Union  forces,  February  18,  1865,  the 
"Canonicus"  throwing  the  last  hostile  shot  at  the  re- 
treating rebels  on  Sullivan's  Island  in  the  early  morn  of 
that  day.  After  the  evacuation,  the  "  Canonicus"  was 
sent  in  pursuit  of  the  rebel  iron-clad  and  ram  "  Stone- 
wall," and  went  to  Havana,  Cuba,  in  company  with  other 
vessels  of  that  squadron,  Commodore  Sylvanus  W. 
Goden,  commanding;  the  "Canonicus"  being  the  first 
American  iron-clad  to  enter  a  foreign  port.  The  "Canon- 
icus" returned  to  the  United  States  June  26.  1865;  in- 
spection duty  in  laying  up  the  iron-clads  at  League  Island, 
Philadelphia,  and  of  government  work  and  machinery  at 
Baltimore,  Maryland,  1865-66;  duty  at  navy-yard,  Pen- 
sacola,  Florida,  1866-67;  and  at  navy-yard,  Portsmouth, 
New  Hampshire,  1868— 1870;  steam-frigate  "Tennessee," 
having  on  board  the  United  States  Commissioners  sent 
by  President  Grant  to  San  Domingo,  1871  ;  fleet-engineer 
of  the  North  Atlantic  Fleet,  1871-73;  again  at  navy- 
yard,  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  1874-77.  Again 
fleet-engineer  of  the  North  Atlantic  Station,  1877-79; 
and  duty  at  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  1879-82  ;  presi- 
dent of  the  Board  organized  under  Act  of  Congress, 
August  5,  1S82,  for  survey  and  appraisal  of  the  great 
amount  of  accumulated  stores  and  material  during  .md 
since  the  war,  1882—83  ;  on  duty  at  the  navy-yard,  Boston, 
Massachusetts,  1S84-89.  Retired  February  2J ,  1889,  with 
the  relative  rank  of  commodore,  having  arrived  at  the  age 
ol  sixty-two  and  served  fort)-  years  and  over  in  active- 
service. 

The  residence  of  Commodore  Macomb  is  in  North 
Cambridge,  Massachusetts,  where,  in  the  society  of  his 
wife,  daughters,  and  grandchildren,  and  with  his  books 
and  papers,  he  endeavors  to  enjoy  the  remainder  of  a 
life  spent  in  the  service  of  his  country. 


WHO   SERVED    IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


H9 


CAPTAIN  WILLIAM    R.  MAIZE,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Captain  William  R.  Maize  was  born  in  Indiana, 
Pennsylvania,  February  14,  1844.  At  the  commence- 
ment of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  he  entered  the  volun- 
teer service  as  private  of  Company  K,  Nineteenth  Penn- 
sylvania Infantry,  April  18,  1861,  and  was  discharged 
August  9,  1861.  He  re-entered  the  volunteer  service 
August  27,  1 861,  as  second  lieutenant  of  the  Seventy- 
eighth  Pennsylvania  Infantry ;  was  promoted  first  lieu- 
tenant September  1,  1863,  and  mustered  out  November 
4,  1864. 

I  Ie  served  in  the  field  as  aide-de-camp  to  the  brevet 
brigadier-general  commanding  the  Third  Brigade,  Sec- 
ond Division,  Fourteenth  Army  Corps,  during  the  cam- 
paign from  Murfreesborough,  Tennessee,  to  Chicka- 
maugua  and  Chattanooga,  in  1863  ;  and  was  on  the 
staff  of  the  First  Division  Fourteenth  Army  Corps, 
with  Brevet  Major-Generals  R.  W.  Johnson,  John  H. 
King,  and  William  P.  Carlin,  during  the  campaign  from 
Chattanooga,  Tennessee,  to  Atlanta  and  Jonesborough, 
Georgia,  in  1864. 

He  entered  the  regular  service  as  second  lieutenant 
of  the  Second  Infantry,  April  23,  1866;  was  promoted 
first  lieutenant  January  22,  1867,  and  transferred  to  the 
Twentieth  Infantry  April  2,  1870.  Lie  was  brevetted 
captain  March  2,  1867,  for  "gallant  and  meritorious 
services  in  the  battle  of  Stone  River,  Tennessee." 

Captain  Maize  served  at  Carlisle  Barracks,  as  adju- 
tant, quartermaster,  and  commissar)-,  until  1870,  when  he 
joined  at  Fort  Ransom,  Dakota  Territory.  His  station 
was  changed  to  Fort  Abercrombie,  where  he  remained 
until  1 87 1,  when  he  was  transferred  to  Fort  Wadsworth, 
Dakota  Territory,  where  he  did  duty  as  commissary  and 
quartermaster  until  1873. 

He  was  then  ordered  to  Fort  Pembina,  where  he  was 
post  adjutant  to  May,  1875.  Then  he  was  stationed  at 
Fort    Seward,  Dakota    Territory,  where   he  was  depot 


and  post  quartermaster  and  commissary  to  August, 
1876. 

Captain  Maize's  regiment  being  transferred  to  Texas, 
we  find  him  at  Fort  Brown  to  January,  1879;  at  Fort 
Ringgold  in  the  summer  of  1880  ;  at  Fort  Hays,  Kansas, 
tn  May,  1882,  performing,  while  there,  the  duties  of  quar- 
termaster and  commissary.  He  was  then  at  Fort  Riley, 
Kansas,  during  the  balance  of  the  year  1882.  His  regi- 
ment was  then  transferred  to  the  Department  of  Dakota, 
and  the  captain  was  stationed  at  F~ort  Maginnis  until 
August,  1886,  when  he  was  ordered  to  Camp  Poplar 
River,  Montana,  remaining  there  to  1887.  He  was  then 
made  inspector  of  Indian  supplies  at  Fort  Peck,  Indian 
Agency. 

Lie  was  promoted  captain  Twentieth  Infantry,  May  6, 
1882,  and  on  March  19,  1888,  was  ordered  to  his  home 
tn  await  retirement  on  account  of  disability,  having  been 
examined  and  recommended  for  retirement  by  a  Retiring 
Board,  but  he  was  not  placed  on  the  retired  list  until 
February  24,  1891. 


250 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular* 


CAPTAIN    AND    BREVET    LIEUTENANT-COLONEL 
GARRICK  MALLERY,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

<  \n  vin  and  Brevet  Lieutenant-Coi  i  inel  ( i  vrrick 
Mali  ery  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  April  23,  [831.  He 
is  the  son  of  the  President  Judge  of  Circuit  Court  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  in  direct  line  from  Peter  Mallery,  who 
arrived  in  Boston,  from  England,  in  1638.  Several  ances- 
tors were  military  officers  in  the  Colonial  service  and  in 
the  Revolutionary  War.  Through  his  mother  he  was 
descended  from  William  Maclay,  first  U.  S.  Senator  from 
Pennsylvania,  lie  was  graduated  at  Yale  College  in 
1850;  in  1  s 5 3  was  admitted  to  the  bai  of  Philadelphia, 
where  he  practised  law  until  the  first  call  for  troops  in 
the  Civil  War. 

He  entered  the  volunteer  service  as  captain  of  the 
Seventy-first  Pennsylvania  Infantry  June  4,  [861,  and 
was  engaged  in  the  actions  of  Lewinsville,  Munson's 
Hill,  Falls  Church,  and  Hall's  Bluff,  Virginia,  and  was 
detailed  as  acting  assistant  adjutant-general  of  brigadi 
Octobi  1  23,  1 86 1.  In  the  early  part  of  [862  he  returned 
to  the  command  of  his  company,  and  was  engaged  in  the 
battles  of  Fair  Oaks,  Seven  Pines,  Peach  Orchard  (where 
he  commanded  the  left  wing  of  his  regiment),  and  Savage 
Station,  He  was  there  taken  prisoner,  having  recei 
two  severe  wounds  and  left  on  the  field,  from  whence  lie- 
was  taken  to  Libby  Prison.  He  was  honorably  mustered 
out  February  16,  1863,  to  accept  the  appointment  of 
lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Thirteenth  Pennsylvania  Cavalry, 
and  commanded  the  regiment  in  thei  ngagement  \  of  Win- 
chester, Culpeper,  and  others,  in  Virginia,  in  1863-64, 
and  was  honorably  mustered  out  July  15,  1864,  having 
been  appointed  lieutenant  colonel  in  the  Veteran  Reserve 
Corps  July  1,  (864.  He  commanded  a  Provisional  Regi- 
ment in  Jul_\-,  1864,  in  the  defence  oi  Washington  again  1 
Early,  and  was  engaged  near  Fort  Stevens. 


Colonel  Mallei}-  next  served  on  various  duties,  and 
commanded  his  regiment  in  Maine  and  Vermont  to 
January,  1866,  and  then  was  acting  inspector-general, 
assistant  adjutant- general,  and  assistant  commissioner  of 
Bureau  of  R.,  F.,  and  A.  I..,  in  Virginia.  Was  appointed 
captain  of  the  Forty-third  U.  S.  Inf.  July  28,  1S66,  and 
was  brevetted  major,  U.  S.  Arm)',  for  "  gallant  and  meri- 
torious services  in  a  skirmish  at  Garnett's  Farm,  Virginia;" 
and  lieutenant-colonel,  U.  S.  Arm)-,  for  "  gallant  anil 
meritorious  services  at  battle  of  Peach  Orchard,  Vir- 
ginia." 1  Ie  was  also  brevetted  colonel  of  U.  S.  Volunteers 
lor  "gallant  and  meritorious  services  during  the  war." 

From  September,  iSf>j,  to  March,  1868,  he  commanded 
his  company,  and  part  of  the  time  the  regiment,  at  Fort 
Wayne,  Michigan,  then  was  detailed  as  judge-advocate 
of  First  Military  District,  State  of  Virginia,  and  also 
secretary  of  state  and  adjutant-general  of  Virginia,  with 
the  rank  of  brigadier-general,  until  February  15,  18711, 
some  of  the  time  being  acting  governor  of  Virginia.  In 
August,  1870,  he  reported  to  the  office  of  chief  signal- 
officer,  I".  S.  Army,  at  Washington,  and  was  for  long 
periods  acting  chief  signal- officer,  until  August,  [876, 
when,  having  been  assigned  to  the  First  U.  S.  Infantry 
(December  15,  I  870),  he  was  ordered  to  Fort  Rice,  Da- 
kota, where  he  made  investigations  into  the  sign-language, 
pictographs,  and  mythologies  of  the  North  American 
Indians,  resulting  in  an  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War 
(June  13,  1S77)  to  report  to  Major  J.  W.  Powell,  in  charge 
of  the  Survey  of  the  Rocky  Mountain  region.  On  Julv 
I,  1879,  he  was  retired  tor  wounds  received  in  line  of 
(lilt)',  and  accepted  appointment  of  ethnologist  of  the 
Bureau  of  Ethnology,  Smithsonian  Institution,  which  he 
now  1  1  892)  holds. 

Colonel  Mallerv  is  an  honorary  or  active  member  of 
several  scientific  and  literary  societies  in  Europe  as  well 
as  the  United  States,  and  was  a  founder  and  president  of 
the  Anthropological  Society  and  of  the  Cosmos  Club, 
both  of  Washington  ;  also  president  of  the  Philosophical 
So,  iety  and  of  the  Literary  Society  of  Washington,  and 
vice-president  of  the  American  Association  for  the  Ad- 
vancement of  Science,  and  is  now  president  of  the  joint 
commission  of  the  five  scientific  societies  of  Washington. 
IK-  has  contributed  largely  to  periodical  literature,  but 
his  most  important  works,  some  of  which  have  been 
ii.Mi  lated,  are  the  following :"  A  Calendar  of  the  Dakota 
Nation"  (1877)  ;  "  The  Former  and  Present  Number  of 
our  Indians"  (1878);  "A  Collection  of  Gesture-Signs 
and  Signals  of  the  N.  A.  Indians,  with  some  Compari- 
sons" (1880);  "Sign  Language  among  N.  A.  Indians 
compared  with  that  among  Other  Peoples  and  Deaf 
Mutes"  (1881);  "Pictographs  of  the  N.  A.  Indians" 
(1886);  "Manners  and  Meals"  1  [888);  "  Philosophy  and 
Specialties"  (1889) ;  "Israelite  and  Indian,  a  Parallel  in 
Planes  of  Culture"  I  1889). 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


251 


COMMANDER    H.    DE   HAVEN   MANLEY,  U.S.N. 
(retired). 

Commander  Manley  was  born  in  Chester,  Pennsyl- 
vania, December  20,  1839,  being  the  son  of  the  late 
Hon.  Charles  I).  Manley.  Appointed  to  the  Nav.il  Ai  ad 
emy  in  September,  1856,  and  graduated  in  June,  [860, 
as  a  midshipman.  He  was  then  ordered  to  the  U.  S.  S. 
"  Brooklyn,"  and  was  detailed  as  assistant  hydrographer 
to  Lieutenant  Jeffers,  U.S.N.,  in  the  survey  <>f  the 
Chiriqui  Lagoon.  This  duty  was  completed  in  the  fall 
of  i860. 

The  war  of  the  Rebellion  was  then  imminent,  and 
naval  vessels  had  been  so  scattered  that,  when  the  gov- 
ernment wished  to  reinforce  Fort  Pickens,  Florida,  the 
"  Brooklyn"  was  almost  the  only  vessel  available.  She  was 
sent  on  this  duty,  in  which  Midshipman  Manley  bore  an 
active  part.  After  this  the  "  Brooklyn"  went  to  the 
"passes"  of  the  Mississippi,  being  the  first  vessel  on  the 
blockade  of  New  Orleans.  Midshipman  Manley  was 
made  prize-master  of  her  first  capture,  which  he  took' 
tu  Key  West,  Florida. 

After  delivering  his  prize,  Midshipman  Manley  was 
ordered  to  the  frigate  "Congress,"  .11  Newport  News, 
Virginia,  having  been  promoted  to  the  rank  of  master. 
The  "Congress"  was  quite  short  of  officers,  and  during 
the  memorable  fight  with  the  rebel  ironclad  "  Merri- 
mac,"  on  March  8,  [862,  Manley  commanded  the  three 
gun  divisions  mi  the  "  Congress's"  main-deck,  mu\  was 
slightly  wounded.  llis  commanding  officer,  the  sur- 
vivor uf  the  fight,  Lieutenant  Austin  Pendergrast,  ex- 
pressed in  his  letter  his  appreciation  of  his  (Manley's) 
noble  behavior  on  that  occasion,  and  praised  highly  his 
"bravery,  coolness,  and  skill"  in  the  performance  <il 
his  duties. 

Midshipman  Manley  was  next  ordered  to  the  navy- 
yard  at  Philadelphia,  ti  1  recuperate  Ir t  he  strain  of  such 

a  murderous  engagement,  and  from  his  labors  in  land- 
ing the  survivors.  Hut,  desiring  active  service  afloat,  he 
was  ordered  to  the  steam-sloop  "  Canandaigua,"  then 
on  the  blockade  off  Charleston ;  about  which  time  he 
was  promoted  to  a  lieutenancy. 

Lieutenant  Manley  commanded  the  howitzer,  boats, 
and  landing  party  from  the  "Canandaigua"  at  the  cap- 
ture and  occupation  of  Morris  Island,  via  Stono  Inlet, 
and  was  engaged  in  all  the  lights  which  occurred  during 
the  operations  of  Admirals  Dupont  and  Dahlgren  with 
Forts  Sumter,  Wagner,  and  Moultrie,  and  the  Confed- 
erate batteries  on  Morris  and  Sullivan's  Islands  which 
contributed  to  the  defence  of  Charleston.  While  at 
tached  to  the  "Canandaigua"  he  had  temporary  com- 
mand of  that  vessel  and  of  the  "  Nipsic,"  and  for  several 
months  was  commanding  and  senior  officer  of  the  off- 
shore blockade  at  Charleston,  having  four  vessels  under 
his  command. 


Alter  twn  years  oi  this  hard  service  he  went  North 
on  a  short  furlough,  and  was  then  ordered  to  the  "  State 
of  Georgia,"  on  the  same  blockade. 

While    in    temporary   command   uf   this    ship   he    was 
ordered    to    Fortress    Monroe   to   convey   to   the   govern 
incut  the  news  of  the  evacuation  of  Charleston    by  the 
Ci  mfederates. 

Upon  returning  to  the  station  he  was  transferred  to  the 
U.  S.  monitor  "  Canonicus,"  which  was  one  of  the  squad- 
ron which  went  to  Havana  to  seize  the  Confederate  ram 
"  Stonewall,"  then  in  that  pent. 

Winn  the  war  closed,  Lieutenant  Manley  returned  to 
Philadelphia  in  the  "Canonicus,"  which  was  put  out  of 
ci  immission. 

Lieutenant  Manley  became  a  lieutenant-commander 
in  1866,  and  commander  in  April,  1874.  Under  these 
commissions  he  was  assigned  to  varied  and  responsible 
duties. 

In  [865-66  he  was  executive  officer  of  the  frigate 
"Sabine,"  and  in  1867-68  was  attached  to  the  "  Frank- 
lin," the  flag-ship  of  .Admiral  Farragut,  in  Europe.  He 
afterwards  served  in  the  flag-ship  "  Lancaster,"  Brazil 
Station,  under  Admiral  Lanman,  and  was  in  command 
of  the  "Wasp."  Was  both  pupil  and  instructor  at  the 
Newport  Torpedo  Station,  and  on  ordnance  duty  at 
Washington. 

Commanded  the  I'.  S.  S.  "Ranger"  on  the  Asiatic 
Station,  and  returned  thence  in  command  of  the  "Alert" 
to  San  Francisco, — having  thus  circumnavigated  the 
globe. 

He  returned  in  impaired  health,  and  was  then  or- 
dered to  dutyat  the  War  Records  Office  in  the  Navy 
Department.  Here  he  remained  until  January,  1883, 
when  he  was  retired  from  active  service  on  account  of 
ill-health  and  loss  of  hearing,  induced  by  exposure  in  the 
line  of  duty. 


252 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  {regular) 


CAPTAIN  MATTHIAS  C.  MARIN,   U.S.N,  (retired). 

Captain  Matthias  C.  Marin  is  a  native  of  Florida, 
and  was  appointed  a  midshipman  from  that  State  in 
January,  1832.  He  served  in  the  schooners  "Spark" 
and  "  Porpoise"  on  the  coast  of  Florida,  and  in  the  West 


Indies,  and,  afterwards,  in  the  sloop-of-war  "  John 
Adams,"  in  the  Mediterranean,  until  1837.  In  June, 
1838,  he  was  promoted  passed  midshipman,  and,  after 
some  duty  at  the  Naval  Rendezvous  at  New  York, 
served  in  the  Florida  war,  in  the  schooner  "  Flirt," 
1839-40 ;  and  in  the  sloop-of-war  "Vandalia,"  Home 
Squadron,  1S41-43.  Commissioned  a  lieutenant  in 
March,  1844.  Served,  for  two  years,  in  the  "  Yorktown," 
on  the  coast  of  Africa,  and  in  1846-47,  in  the  steamer 
"Scourge,"  during  the  Mexican  War.  Was  present  at 
the  capture  of  Alvarado  and  Tlacotalpam,  the  capture  of 
Tuxpan,  and  the  capture  of  Tabasco.  After  the  Mexi- 
can War  he  was  for  some  time  upon  the  Coast  Survey, 
and  in  1852-53  served  in  the  sloop-of-war  "  Levant,"  in 
the  Mediterranean.  After  this  he  was  stationed  at  the 
navy-yard,  Pensacola ;  and,  about  the  breaking  out  of 
the  Civil  War,  was  attached  to  the  "  Macedonian." 

Commissioned  commander  October,  1861,  and  com- 
manded the  sloop-of-war  "  St.  Louis,"  on  special  service, 
in  1862-63.  In  1864-65,  he  was  upon  ordnance  duty  at 
the  navy-yard  at  Boston.  Was  commissioned  captain, 
on  the  retired  list,  March,  1867.  Was  upon  special  duty 
at  Maiden,  Massachusetts,  in  1S69-70. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


253 


COMMODORE  W.  P.  McCANN,  U.S.N,  (retired). 

Commodore  W.  P.  McCann  was  born  in  Kentucky 
on  May  4,  1830,  and  appointed  midshipman  from  that 
State  in  1848;  was  attached  to  frigates  "  Raritan"  and 
"  Columbia,"  in  the  Gulf  and  West  Indies,  and  in  the 
Pacific,  until  1853,  when  he  was  ordered  to  the  Naval 
School.  Passed  midshipman  June,  1854,  and  made  a 
cruise  of  three  years  and  three  months  in  the  Pacific ; 
commissioned  lieutenant  in  September,  1855  ;  served  in 
the  frigate  "  Sabine,"  as  lieutenant  and  navigator,  in  the 
Paraguay  Expedition,  and  afterwards  in  the  West  Indies 
and  Gulf  of  Mexico.  At  breaking  out  of  Rebellion  the 
"Sabine"  (April  14-15,  1 861)  reinforced  Fort  Pickens 
with  marines  and  sailors,  and  afterwards  assisted  in  land- 
ing the  force  under  Colonel  Harvey  Brown;  afterwards, 
during  blockade  of  South  Carolina  coast,  the  "Sabine" 
rescued  the  battalion  of  marines  from  the  steamer 
"Governor,"  which  vessel  foundered;  in  the  gun-boat 
"  Maratanza,"  from  April  to  October,  1862,  during  which 
time  saw  constant  and  exciting  service  in  co-operating 
with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  from  Yorktown  to  Mal- 
vern Hill ;  made  capture  of  rebel  gun-boat  "  Teaser"  and 
several  blockade-runners,  and  other  most  important 
service.  Made  lieutenant-commander  Jul}-,  1S62;  severe 
engagement  with  Whitworth  battery,  at  Fort  Caswell  ; 
ordered  to  command  "  Hunchback,"  in  Sounds  of  North 
Carolina,  October,  1862.  In  the  following  March  the 
"  Hunchback"  performed  distinguished  service  at  the 
battle  of  New  Peine,  for  which  Lieutenant-Commander 
McCann  received  special  commendation  in  the  official 
reports.  In  April,  1863,  he  had  command  of  five  gun- 
boats, and  was  frequently  engaged  with  batteries  in  the 
Sounds,  and  other  duties. 

In  November,  1863,  he  was  ordered  to  command  the 
"  Kennebec,"  West  Gulf  Blockading  Squadron.  While 
serving  on  blockade  of  Mobile  had  frequent  engage- 
ments with  batteries  and  Fort  Morgan,  while  attacking 
stranded  blockade-runners  ;  mentioned  in  congratulatory 
order  by  Admiral  Farragut,  for  the  destruction  of  the 
"  Ivanhoe,"  under  the  guns  of  Battery  G  and  Fort 
Morgan.  The  "  Kennebec"  captured  at  sea  three  loaded 
blockade-runners,  with  valuable  cargoes,  and  rebel  offi- 
cers on  board.  At  the  battle  of  Mobile  Bay,  August  5, 
1 864,  the  "  Kennebec"  was  lashed  to  the  "  Monongahela," 
fifth  in  line  of  battle,  and  in  that  position  ran  by  the  fort 
and  engaged  the  enemy's  vessels.  Had  several  men 
wounded  by  shell  from  the  "  Tennessee,"  while  in  contact 
with  that  vessel,  after  ramming  her  in  conjunction  with 
the  "  Monongahela."  The  "  Kennebec's"  anchor  carried 
off  the  "  Tennessee's"  boat,  davits,  and  falls.  Soon  after 
a  10-inch  shell  from  Fort  Morgan  struck  the  "Kenne- 
bec's" quarter,  but  did  little  harm,  except  knocking  down 
one  man.  That  night  she  pursued  the  "  Morgan,"  which 
had  escaped,  and  got  into  shoal  water  at  "  Dog  River  Bar." 


From  February  to  August,  1865,  Lieutenant-Commander 
McCann  was  in  command  of  the  "  Tahoma,"  which  was 
disabled  in  a  gale  in  the  Gulf  Stream;  Naval  Academv, 
1866;  command  of"  Tallapoosa;"  naval  rendezvous,  and 
navy-yard,  Philadelphia,  to  1870;  light-house  inspector, 
and  commanding  "  Nipsic"  up  to  August,  1872. 

July  2,  1872,  commissioned  commander,  from  July, 
1866;  advanced  sixteen  numbers;  navy-yard,  Norfolk, 
and  light-house  inspector  up  to  November  1,  1876. 
Commissioned  captain  September  21,  1876;  com- 
manding "Lackawanna,"  in  Pacific;  receiving-ship 
"  Independence,"  California  ;  and  flag-ship  "  Pensacola," 
Pacific,  up  to  August,  1S82.  Court-martial  duty  at 
Washington,  Hong-Kong,  China,  Panama,  and  Boston, 
1883;  member  of  Light-House  Board  from  1883  to 
1887,  and,  in  addition,  president  of  Naval  Advisory 
Board  from  1885  to  1887.  Promoted  to  commodore 
January  26,  1887.  Served  full  term  as  commandant  of 
Boston  Navy- Yard,  and  in  addition  as  president  of  the 
Navy- Yard  Site  Commission,  and  president  of  a  Board 
on  the  Policy  for  the  Increase  of  the  Navy. 

Our  space  prevents  more  than  a  glance  at  Commodore 
McCann's  part  in  recent  events  which  brought  his  name 
prominently  before  the  country. 

In  August,  1890,  he  was  ordered  to  command  the 
South  Atlantic  Station,  with  rank  of  acting  rear-admiral. 
When  the  revolution  in  Chili  occurred  in  1891,  the 
South  Pacific  was  embraced  in  his  command.  Upon  his 
arrival  there  he  was  engaged  in  protecting  American 
interests;  at  the  same  time  initiating  negotiations  for 
peace  between  the  contending  parties  in  the  civil  war, 
which,  unfortunately,  had  no  result.  We  can  only  say 
that  his  course  throughout  was  approved  by  the  Navy 
Department  and  by  the  government.  In  May,  1892, 
Commodore  McCann  was  retired  by  operation  of  the 
law  governing  the  retirements. 


254 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


REAR-ADMIRAL  E.  Y.  McCAULEY,  U.S.N. 
(retired). 

Rear-Admiral  Edward  Yorke  McCauley  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania  November  2,  1827,  and  was  appointed  a 
midshipman  from  that  State  in  September,  1841.  He 
served  in  the  Mediterranean  Squadron  from  1S41  to  1845, 
and  then  in  the  frigate  "  United  States,"  on  the  African 
Station,  from  [846  to  1848. 

lie  was  promoted  to  passed  midshipman  August  10, 
1S47,  and  was  again  in  the  Mediterranean,  in  the  frigate 
"Constitution,"  for  three  years.  Passed  Midshipman 
McCauley  had  ,1  great  facility  in  the  languages  spoken 
on  the  shores  of  the  Mediterranean,  ami  was  a  most  use- 
ful officer  there,  on  that  account,  in  addition  to  his  naval 
acquirements.  He  served  in  the  steam-frigate  "Pow- 
hatan," in  East  Indies  and  China,  1852-56,  and  present 
at  the  attack  on  pirates,  in  China  Sea,  in  1855. 

lie  was  commissioned  lieutenant  September  14,  1855. 


During  1856-57  he  was  attached  to  the  receiving-ship 
at  Philadelphia.  When  the  memorable  "cable  expedi- 
tion" took  place,  in  1857-58,  he  served  on  board  the 
steam-frigate  "  Niagara." 

On  August  19,  1859,  while  on  duty  at  the  Naval  ( )b- 
servatory  at  Washington,  he  resigned  from  the  service; 
but  upon  the  breaking  out  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion, 
in  1 861,  he  re-entered,  with  the  rank  of  acting  lieutenant, 
and  was  attached  to  the  steamer  "  Flag,"  of  the  South 
Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron,  during  1861-62. 

He  was  commissioned  lieutenant-commander  in  the 
regular  service  on  Jul)'  16,  1 862,  and  commanded  the 
steamer  "  Fort  Henry,"  of  the  East  Gulf  Blockading 
Squadron,  1.S62-63.  During  this  time  he  made  a  boat 
attack  upon  Bayport,  Florida,  and  two  skirmishes  with 
the  enemy.  In  1S63-64  he  commanded  the  gun-boat 
"Tioga,"  of  tlie  East  Gulf  Blockading  Squadron,  and  in 
1864-65  the  gun-boat  "Benton,"  of  the  Mississippi 
Squadron. 

In  1S66-67  he  was  on  "special  duty"  in  Philadelphia, 
having  been  commissioned  as  commander  in  1 S66. 
During  a  part  of  the  years  1 S67-6S  he  served  as  fleet- 
captain  of  the  North  Atlantic  Squadron,  and  then  was 
■  it  the  navy-yard  at  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  for 
two  years.  After  this  he  was  stationed  at  the  Naval 
Academy,  Annapolis,  during  1871-72. 

lie  was  commissioned  captain  September  4,  1872,  and 
commanded  the  steam-sloop  "Lackawanna,"  on  the 
Asiatic  Station,  from  1S72  to  1S75.  From  1S75  to  187S 
he  was  on  duty  at  the  Boston  Navy- Yard,  and  from  1S7S 
to  1S80  at  the  Naval  Asylum  at  Philadelphia. 

He  was  promoted  to  commodore  August  1,  1881,  and 
was  commandant  at  League  Island  in  1SS4-S5. 

He  was  promoted  to  rear-admiral  in  March,  1885,  and 
commanded  the  Pacific  Station  during  [885-86. 

He  was  retired  on  his  own  application,  under  the  law, 
in  January,  1887. 


WHO  SERVED   FN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


-55 


COLONEL-COMMANDANT  CHARLES  G.  McCAWLEY, 
U.S.M.C.  (deceased). 

Colonel-Commandant   Charles  G.   McCawley  was 

born  in  Pennsylvania,  but  appointed  from  Louisiana ; 
commissioned  as  second  lieutenant  March  3,  1847;  >n 
June  ordered  to  join  battalion  of  marines  for  service  u  ith 
army  in  Mexico;  participated  in  the  storming  of  the 
Castle  of  Chapultepec  and  taking  of  the  City  of  Mexico  ; 
brevetted  first  lieutenant,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  con- 
duct in  these  actions,  September  13,  1847;  in  August, 

1848,  was  ordered  for  duty  at  marine  barracks,  Phila- 
delphia ;  December,  [848, marine  barracks,  Boston;  July, 

1849,  "Cumberland,"  Mediterranean  Squadron;   March, 

1850,  at  Naples,  to  razee  "  Independence  ;"  August,  1852, 
marine  barracks,  Philadelphia;  fune,  1853,  "  Princeton," 
Home  Squadron.  Promoted  first  lieutenant  January  2, 
1855  ;  July,  1855,  marine  barracks.  New  York;  Decem- 
ber, 1855,  marine  barracks,  Boston;  July,  1857,  "Mis- 
sissippi ;"  detached  and  ordered  to  Philadelphia ;  De- 
cember, 1857,  "Jamestown,"  at  Philadelphia,  for  Home 
Squadron;  March,  i860,  marine  barracks,  Philadelphia; 
December,  i860,  "Macedonian,"  Home  Squadron,  At- 
lantic coast,  West  Indies,  and  Spanish  Main  ;  January, 
1862,  marine  barracks,  Boston  ;  detached  immediately 
and  ordered  to  join  battalion  of  marines  at  Bay  Point, 
South  Carolina;  April,  1 862,  returned  with  battalion  to 
Washington.  Received  commission  as  captain  July  26, 
1861  ;  ordered  in  command  at  head-quarters;  May,  [862, 
ordered  with  detachment  of  two  hundred  men  to  reoccupy 
the  Norfolk  Navy- Yard;  hoisted  the  flag  again  on  the 
part  of  the  navy  ;  October,  1862,  ordered  to  head-quarters, 
Washington,  D.  C. ;  in  command  until  Jul}-,  1863  ;  ordered 
to  join  battalion  of  marines,  for  service  in  South  Atlantic 
Squadron;  served  with  same  on  Morris  Island  during 
bombardment  and  destruction  of  Fort  Sumter,  and  cap- 
ture of  Forts  Wagner  and  Gregg;  commanded  a  detach- 


ment of  one  hundred  men  and  officers  in  the  boat  attack 
on  Fort  Sumter  September  8,  1863;  received  a  brevet  as 
major  for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  in  this  action  ; 
served  on  Foil)- Island,  and,  in  December,  1863,  battalion 
returned  to  Philadelphia ;  marine  barracks,  Philadelphia. 
Promoted  major  June  io,  1864;  ordered  to  marine  ren- 
dezvous, Philadelphia;  March,  1865,  ordered  to  command 
marine  barracks,  Boston.  Promoted  to  lieutenant-colonel 
December  5,  1867;  August,  1871,  ordered  to  command 
marine  barracks,  Washington,  D.  C. ;  June,  appointed 
superintendent  of  recruiting,  in  addition  to  other  duty; 
ordered  to  New  York  to  attend  to  organizing  the  recruit- 
ing service ;  returned  to  Washington  November,  1872. 
Promoted  colonel-commandant  of  the  U.  S.  Marine  Corps 
November  1,  1876;  head-quarters  U.S.  Marine  Corps, 
1 876-90. 

Colonel  McCawley  was  retired,  by  operation  of  law,  on 
account  of  age,  in  1891.  He  died,  soon  after  his  retire- 
ment, at  Rosemont,  Pennsylvania,  on  October  13,  1891. 


256 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


MAJOR-GENERAL  GEORGE  B.  McCLELLAN  (deceased). 

Major- General  George  B.  McClellan  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  and  graduated  from  the  Military  Academy 
July  1,  1846.  He  was  promoted  brevet  second  lieutenant 
Corps  of  Engineers  the  same  day,  and  second  lieutenant 
April  24,  1 S47.  lie  served  in  the  war  with  Mexico,  at- 
tached to  the  company  of  sappers,  miners,  and  pontoniers, 
participating  in  opening  the  road  from  Matamoras  to 
Tampico,  ami  engaged  in  the  siege  of  Vera  Cruz,  battle 
of  Cerro  Gordo,  skirmish  of  Amozoquc,  battles  of  Con- 
treras  and  Churubusco,  constructing  batteries  against 
Chapultepec,  and  assault  and  capture  of  the  City  of 
Mexico,  September  13-14,  1S47.  lie  was  brevetted  first 
lieutenant  August  20,  I  847,  for  "  gallant  and  meritorious 
conduct  in  the  battles  of  Contreras  and  Churubusco,"  and 
captain  September  8,  1847,  for  "gallant  and  meritorious 
conduct  in  the  battle  of  Molino  del  Key,"  which  he  de- 
clined. He  was  then  brevetted  captain  September  13, 
1S47,  for  "gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  in  the  battle 
of  Chapultepec,  Mexico." 

Captain  McClellan  was  ordered  to  West  Point,  New 
York,  at  the  close  of  the  Mexican  War,  attached  to  the 
company  of  engineer  troops,  part  of  the  time  in  com- 
mand, and  then  was  assistant  engineer  in  the  construction 
of  Fort  Delaware  to  1S52.  He  was  then  detailed  as 
engineer  of  an  exploring  expedition  to  the  sources  of  the 
Red  River  of  Texas  ;  after  which  he  was  chief  engineer  of 
the  Department  of  Texas,  and  in  charge  of  surveys  of 
rivers  and  harbors  on  the  Gulf  coast  to  1 S53  ;  was  en- 
gineer for  exploring  and  survey  of  the  Western  Division 
of  the  Union  Pacific  Railroad  through  the  Cascade  Moun- 
tains in  1853-54. 


He  was  promoted  captain  First  Cavalry  Alarch  3,  1855, 
and  was  detailed  as  a  member  of  the  military  commis- 
sion to  the  "Theatre  of  War  in  Europe,"  in  1855-56,  his 
official  report  being  published  by  order  of  Congress  in 
1857,  embracing  his  remarks  upon  the  operations  in 
the  Crimea.  He  resigned  from  the  army  January  16, 
1857. 

Captain  McClellan  then  became  chief  engineer  of  the 
Illinois  Central  Railroad,  and  subsequently  vice-president 
of  the  same;  and  in  i860  was  president  of  the  St.  Louis 
ami  Cincinnati  Railroad.  When  the  Rebellion  began  he 
was  made  major-general  ofOhio  volunteers  April  23,  1861, 
and  major-general  U.  S.  Army  May  14,  1861.  He  served 
in  the  Department  of  the  Ohio,  and  was  engaged  in  the 
action  of  Rich  Mountain,  West  Virginia,  July  1  1,  [861, 
and,  by  a  forced  march  upon  the  rebel  camp,  compelled 
General  Pegram's  surrender  July  12,  1861. 

The  thanks  of  Congress  were  tendered  General  McClel- 
lan, Julv  16,  1861,  for  "  the  series  of  brilliant  and  decisive 
victories"  achieved  by  his  army  over  the  rebels  "on  the 
battle-fields  of  West  Virginia." 

General  McClellan  was  then  called  to  the  command  of 
the  Division  of  the  Potomac  August  17,  of  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac  August  20,  and  as  general-in-chief  of  the 
Armies  of  the  United  States  November  1,  1S61.  He 
participated  in  the  advance  on  Manassas,  in  command  of 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  in  the  Virginia  Peninsula 
campaign,  being  engaged  in  the  siege  of  Yorktown,  occu- 
pation of  Williamsburg,  battle  of  Fair  Oaks  ;  the  battles 
of  the  Seven  Days,  with  change  of  base  to  the  James 
River,  from  June  26  to  July  2,  1862.  He  was  in  com- 
mand of  the  defences  of  Washington,  and  in  the  Mary- 
land campaign,  in  command  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
from  September  7  to  November  10,  and  was  engaged  in 
the  battles  of  South  Mountain,  Antietam,  and  march  to 
Warrenton. 

At  this  time  he  was  relieved  of  his  command,  and  was 
waiting  orders  at  New  York  City  November  8,  1S64, 
during  which  time  he  was  nominated  by  the  Chicago 
Convention  as  a  candidate  for  President  of  the  United 
States,  but  was  defeated  at  the  election  in  1864  by  Presi- 
dent Abraham  Lincoln.  Heresigned  November  8,  1S64, 
and  resided  in  New  York  City  for  a  time,  but  subse- 
quently established  himself  in  a  home  at  Orange,  New 
Jersey. 

General  McClellan  translated  from  the  French  a  "  Man- 
ual of  Bayonet  Exercises,"  adopted  for  the  U.  S.  Army 
in  1852.  He  edited  his  own  "  Personal  Memoirs,"  which 
were  not  published  until  after  his  death,  which  took  place 
on  October  29,  1885,  at  Orange,  New  Jersey. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


>-S7 


CAPTAIN   AND  BREVET  LIEUTENANT-COLONEL 
SAMUEL    McCONIHE,    U.S.A. 

Captain  and  Brevet  Lieutenant-Colonel  Samuel 
McConihe  (Fourteenth  Infantry)  was  born  in  New 
Hampshire,  September  8,  1836.  He  graduated  at  the 
Union  College,  Schenectady,  New  York,  in  the  Class 
of  1856,  as  Bachelor  of  Arts  and  Master  of  Arts,  and 
during  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  entered  the  volunteer 
service  as  captain  of  the  Ninety-third  New  York  Infantry, 
January  9,  1S62;  he  was  promoted  major  December 
3,  1863,  and  colonel  of  the  same  September  7,  1804. 
Although  he  was  commissioned  as  colonel  by  the  Gov- 
ernor of  New  York,  he  could  not  muster-in,  owing  to  the 
reduced  numbers  in  his  regiment,  but  he  exercised  the 
command  of  his  regiment  as  colonel  from  the  time  ap- 
pointed until  he  was  mustered  out,  February  15,  1865, 
and  his  rank  was  acknowledged  in  the  Army  Register  of 
1867,  but  not  since. 

Colonel  McConihe  was  in  the  field  with  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac,  and  participated  in  all  its  campaigns,  from 
the  commencement  of  the  year  1862  to  the  close  of  the 
war,  and  was  engaged  at  the  siege  of  Yorktown  and 
battle  of  Williamsburg  ;  the  battles  of  Antietam,  Freder- 
icksburg, and  Chancellorsville  ;  the  battles  of  the  Wil- 
derness (commanding  regiment),  Spottsylvania,  North 
Anna,  Tolopotomy,  Cold  Harbor;  action  at  Strawberry 
Plains;  battles  of  Deep  Bottom,  Poplar  Spring  Church, 
Petersburg,  and  first  Boydton  Road ;  the  battles  of 
Hatcher's  Run  and  second  Boydton  Road;  and  was 
brevetted  colonel  and  brigadier-general  of  volunteers 
March  1  3,  1865,  for  "  conspicuous  gallantry  in  the  battles 
of  the  Wilderness  and  Spottsylvania,  and  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  services  during  the  war." 

He  was  guard  at  the  head-quarters  of  the  army  in 
September,  1862,  and  served  at  Richmond,  Virginia,  in 
1865. 

Colonel    McConihe    entered    the    regular    service    as 


second  lieutenant  of  the  Fourteenth  Infantry  February 
23,  1866,  and  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  the  same 
day.  He  joined  his  regiment  on  the  Pacific  coast,  and 
served  with  it  there  until  1870,  when  the  regiment  was 
transferred  to  the  Department  of  the  Platte,  he  serving 
there  and  in  the  Department  of  the  Missouri  to  1S85, 
when  he  was  sent  to  the  Department  of  the  Columbia, 
remaining  there  until  September  8,  1890,  at  which  time 
he  was  ordered  to  the  Department  of  the  Missouri,  and 
stationed  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  where  he  is  at 
the  present  time. 

He  was  promoted  captain  of  the  Fourteenth  Infantry 
February  25,  1876. 

LTpon  entering  the  regular  service,  he  was  brevetted 
captain  March  2,  1867,  for  "gallant  and  meritorious 
services  in  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness,  Virginia ;" 
major  March  2,  1867,  for  "gallant  and  meritorious  ser- 
vices in  the  battle  of  Spottsylvania,  Virginia;"  and  lieu- 
tenant-colonel March  2,  1867,  for  "  gallant  and  merito- 
rious services  during;  the  war." 


33 


>5S 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NA  VY  ireculak) 


BRIGADIER-  AND  BREVET  MAJOR-GENERAL  ALEX- 
ANDER  McD.  McCOOK,   U.S.A. 

Brigadier- and  Brevet  Major- General  Alexander 
McD.  Mi  Cook  was  born  in  Ohio  April  22,  [831,  and 
graduated  at  the  Military  Academy  July  1,  1852.  He  was 
promoted  brevet  second  lieutenant  Third  Infantry  the 
same  day;  second  lieutenant  June  30,  1854;  first  lieuten- 
ant Dec.  6,  1858;  and  captain  May  14,  1S61.  He  served 
at  Newport  Barracks  and  Jefferson  Barracks  until  1853, 
when  he  was  ordered  on  frontier  duty  at  Fort  Fillmore, 
New  Mexico,  and  was  scouting  against  Apache  Indians  in 
1854.  I  Ie  was  stationed  at  Fort  Union,  and  participated 
in  an  expedition  against  Utah  and  Apache  Indians,  on 
commissary  duty,  in  1855,  being  engaged  in  the  actions  of 
Sauwatchie  Pass  and  Arkansas  River.  Was  at  Canton- 
ment Burgwin,  New  Mexico,  in  [855-56;  on  the  Gila  Ex- 
pedition, as  chief  of  guides,  and  engaged  in  action  on  the 
Gila  River,  June  27,  1856;  on  leave  of  absence  1857-58, 
and  at  the  Military  Academy,  as  assistant  instructor  «,f 
infanta-  tactics,  from  Feb.  12.  1858,  to  April  24,  1S61. 

At  the  commencement  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  he 

.ned  as  mustering  and  disbursing  officer  at  Columbus, 

Ohio,  and   in  the  defences  of  Washington  City,  May  to 

July,   [86l,   and    was   engaged    in    the   action    of  Vienna, 

June  17,  and  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  fuly  21,  1861. 

Me  was  appointed  colonel  of  the  First  Ohio  Volun- 
teers, to  date  from  April  16,  1861,  and  was  employed  in 
recruiting  and  organizing  his  regiment  at  Dayton.  He  was 
mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service  August  2,  1 861,  and 
reappointed  colonel  of  the  First  Ohio  Volunteers  August 
10,  i86i,and  appointed  brigadier-general  of  volunteers 
September  3,  1861.  He  commanded  a  brigade  in  the 
Department  of  the  Cumberland,  and  participated  in  the 
operations  in  Kentucky,  October  to  December,  1861. 
He  was  then  assigned  to  the  command  of  a  division  in 
the  Army  of  the  <  >hio,  participating  in  the  movement  to 


Nashville  and  Pittsburg  Landing,  in  the  battle  of  Shiloh, 
advance  upon  and  siege  of  Corinth,  operations  in  North 
Alabama,  and  movement  through  Tennessee  to  Louis- 
ville, Kentucky,  June  to  September,  1S62. 

General  McCook  was  appointed  major-general  of  vol- 
unteers Jul\-  17,  1S62,  and  was  assigned  to  the  command 
of  the  First  Corps,  Army  of  the  Ohio,  and  participated 
in  the  advance  into  Kentucky  in  October,  1X62,  and  was 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  Perryville  and  march  to  the 
relief  of  Nashville,  October,  1862.  He  was  in  command 
of  Nashville,  Tennessee,  November  and  December,  1862, 
and  was  then  placed  in  command  of  the  right  wing  of 
the  Fourteenth  Corps  from  December  14,  1862,  to  Janu- 
ary 12,  1863;  and  of  the  Twentieth  Corps  from  January 
to  October,  1863.  He  was  in  the  Tennessee  campaign, 
anil  was  engaged  in  several  skirmishes  on  the  march  to 
Murfreesborough,  in  the  battle  of  Stone  River,  combat  of 
Liberty  Gap  (in  command),  advance  on  Tullahoma,  cross- 
ing the  Cumberland  Mountains  and  Tennessee  River, 
ami  in  battle  of  Chickamauga.  He  was  awaiting  orders 
from  October,  1863,  to  November,  1864,  being  engaged, 
while  at  Washington  City,  in  the  defence  of  the  Capital, 
July  11-12,  [864;  and  in  the  Middle  Military  Division 
from  November,  1 864,  to  February,  1865.  Commanded 
the  District  of  Eastern  Arkansas  from  Feb.  to  May,  1865. 

He  was  brevetted  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services: 
lieutenant-colonel  March  3,  1862,  at  the  capture  of  Nash- 
ville, Tennessee;  colonel  April  7,  1862,  at  the  battle  of 
Shiloh,  Tennessee  ;  brigadier-general  March  13,  [865,  at 
the  battle  oi  Perryville,  Kentucky;  and  major-general 
March  13,  [865,  in  the  field  during  the  Rebellion. 

General  McCook  was  with  a  joint  committee  of  Con- 
gress, investigating  Indian  affairs,  from  May  to  October, 
1865  ;  was  then  on  leave  of  absence  and  awaiting  orders 
to  March  i~,  1867.  He  resigned  his  commission  as  major- 
general  of  volunteers  October  21,  [865,  and  was  promoted 
lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Twenty-sixth  Infantry  March  5, 
[  867,  transferred  to  Tenth  Infantry  in  1869,  and  promoted 
colonel  of  Sixth  Infantry  December  15,  1880.  He  served 
with  his  regiment  in  various  departments,  and  was  acting 
inspector-general  of  the  Department  of  the  Missouri  from 
December,  1874,  to  June,  1 S 7 3 ,  and  then  colonel  and  aide- 
de-camp  to  the  general  of  the  army  to  December,  1880. 

He  was  in  command  of  the  post  of  Fort  Leavenworth 
and  the  Infantry  and  Cavalry  School  of  Application  from 
May  13,  1886,  to  August  28,  1890;  appointed  brigadier- 
general  July  11,  1890,  and  assigned  to  command  the 
Department  of  Arizona,  which  position  he  now  occupies. 

General  McCook  is  the  son  of  Major  Daniel  McCook, 
who  was  born  in  1796,  and  killed  in  battle  by  Morgan's 
guerillas  near  Buffington  Island,  Ohio,  July  19,  1863. 
Seven  of  his  brothers  took  part  in  the  war  for  the  Union, 
three  of  whom,  like  their  father,  were  killed.  Four  of 
the  eight  McCook  brothers  attained  the  rank  of  general. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


259 


MAJOR  TULLY  McCREA,   U.S.A. 

Major  Tully  McCrea  (Fifth  Artillery)  was  born  in 
Mississippi  July  23,  1839,  and  graduated  at  the  Military 
Academy  in  the  Class  of  1862.  I  [e  was  promoted  second 
lieutenant  of  the  First  Artillery  June  17,  1862,  and  first 
lieutenant  November  4,  1863.  He  served  in  the  field 
with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  participating  in  the 
Maryland,  Rappahannock,  and  Pennsylvania  campaigns, 
and  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Antietam,  Fredericks- 
burg, Chancellorsville,  and  Gettysburg,  and  in  the  oper- 
ations incident  thereto.  He  also  participated  in  the 
campaign  in  Florida,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of 
Olustee,  where  he  was  severely  wounded,  and  compelled 
to  leave  the  field,  remaining  on  sick-leave  from  February 
to  October,  1X64.  He  was  then  detailed  at  West  Point, 
as  assistant  professor  of  geography,  history,  and  ethics, 
until  August  31,  1865;  and  as  assistant  professor  of 
mathematics  to  June  23,  1866. 

He  was  b revetted  first  lieutenant  September  17,  [862, 
for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of  An- 
tietam ;  captain,  July  3,  [863,  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg  ;  major,  February 
20,  1864,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle 
of  Olustee,  Florida  (where  he  was  severely  wounded). 
He  was  also  honorably  mentioned  in  the  "  Records  of 
the  Rebellion,"  in  the  report  of  the  chief  of  artillery, 
Second  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  on  the  battle 
of  Gettysburg,  as  follows: 

"  Honorable  mention  should  be  made-  of  .  .  .  Second 
Lieutenant  Tully  McCrea  .  .  .  for  their  distinguished 
coolness  and  braver)-." 

Lieutenant  McCrea  was  quartermaster  of  the  first 
Artillery  from  June  20  to  November  20,  1866,  at  Fort 
Hamilton,  New  York'.  He  was  appointed  captain  of  the 
Forty-second  Infantry  July  28,  1866;  and  was  detailed 
on  recruiting  service  at  Newark-,  New  Jersey,  and  Har- 
risburg,  Pennsylvania,  from  September,  1866,  to  April, 
1867,  when  he  was  ordered  to  Madison  Barracks,  New 
York,  where  he  commanded  his  company  until  August, 
1867,  and  then  was  transferred  to  Fort  Porter,  New  York. 
In  June,  1868,  he  was  on  waiting  orders  and  conducted 
recruits  to  California.  In  October,  186S,  he  was  detailed 
at  West  Point  as  quartermaster  of  the  Military  Academy, 


remaining  there  until  August,  1.S72,  at  which  time  he 
was  ordered  to  Washington,  1).  C,  as  deputy  governor  of 
the  Soldiers'  1  lomc. 

Upon  being  relieved  from  duty  at  the  Soldiers'  Home 
in  July,  1875,  having  been  assigned  to  the  First  Artillery, 
December  15,  1870,  he  took  station  at  St.  Augustine, 
Florida,  but  was  transferred  to  Fort  Trumbull,  Connec- 
ticut, the  following  December,  remaining  there  until  Jul)', 
1876,  when  ordered  to  Fort  Sill,  Indian  Territory.  In 
November,  1876,  Captain  McCrea  was  ordered  to  Wash- 
ington, D.  C,  and  in  April,  1877,  again  took  station  at 
Fort  Trumbull,  from  which  point  he  was  sent  to  assist 
in  suppressing  the  railroad  disturbances  in  Pennsylvania. 
Returning  to  Fort  Trumbull  in  the  following  November, 
he  remained  there  until  November,  1881,  when  his  regi- 
ment was  transferred  to  the  Pacific  coast,  and  he  took 
station  at  the  Presidio  of  San  Francisco,  lie  afterwards 
served  at  Fort  Winfield  Scott,  California,  the  Presidio, 
and  Vancouver  Barracks,  Washington,  until  February, 
1  889. 

He  was  promoted  major  of  the  Fifth  Artillery  Decem- 
ber 4,  1888,  and  joined  his  regiment  at  Governor's  Island 
in  February,  1889,  but  had  hardly  become  settled,  when 
he  was  again  transferred  to  the  Pacific  coast  with  his 
regiment,  and  is  now  serving  on  that  station. 


260 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


COMMANDER   FELIX   McCURLEY,  U.S.N. 

Commander  Felix  McCurley  was  born  in  Baltimore, 
Maryland  ;  appointed  an  acting  master  in  the  navy  No- 
vember 13,  [861,  at  the  request  of  the  Honorable  Rev- 
erdy  Johnson,  of  Baltimore,  Maryland,  and  ordered  to 
the  U.  S.  S.  "  Winona,"  West  Gulf  Blockading  Squad- 
ron, 1861-62;  engaged  in  several  skirmishes  with  Forts 
Jackson  and  St.  Philip,  and  in  the  attack  on  April  24, 
1S62. 

Engaged  in  the  attack  on  and  passage  of  Vicksburg 
batteries  June  28,  [862  ;  also  in  the  engagement  with  the 
iron-clad  "Arkansas,"  on  the  Mississippi  River  above 
Vicksburg,  July  15,  [862.  Again  engaged  and  passed 
the  batteries  at  Vicksburg  in  (J.  S.  S.  "  Winona."  En- 
gaged, also,  in  the  destruction  of  Grand  Gulf  City,  in 
U.  S.  S.  "  Winona,"  and  in  numerous  skirmishes  and 
rights  on  the  Mississippi  River. 

October  12,  1863,  engaged  in  fights  with  Fort  Morgan, 
while  in  command  of  U.  S.  steamer  "  Eugenia"  (Glascow ) ; 


1863  and  1864  attached  to  U.  S.  S.  "  Lackawanna,"  and  in 
her  engaged  in  the  attack  and  passage  of  Forts  Morgan 
and  Gaines,  and  subsequent  engagement  in  Mobile  Bay 
with  iron-clad  "Tennessee"  and  other  vessels  of  Con- 
federate fleet.  Afterwards  promoted  to  acting  volunteer 
lieutenant,  and  during  latter  part  of  1864  ami  first  part 
of  1865  commanded  U.  S.  S.  "  Selina"  and  U.  S.  S. 
"  Chocura."  From  1  S67  to  1870  attached  to  U.  S.  S. 
"  Quinnebaug,"  Smith  .Atlantic  Squadron.  Stationed  at 
1  [ydrographic  Office,  1870.  Attached  to  U.  S.  S.  "  Wor- 
cester," Fmropean  Station,  1871. 

On  duty  at  Hydrographic  Office,  1871-73. 

Commissioned  as  master  March  12,  1868  ;  as  lieutenant 
December  18,  [868;  as  lieutenant  commander  March  2, 
1 870. 

Attached  to  U.  S.  S.  "Alaska,"  European  Station,  from 
August,  1873,  to  Jul\-,  1876;  at  Torpedo  Station,  New- 
port, Rhode  Island,  1877.  Commanding  U.  S.  S. 
"Fortune,"  North  Atlantic  Station,  1878-79;  U.  S.  S. 
"  Wabash,"  [881-82  ;   U.  S.  S.  "  Franklin,"  [883-86. 

Commissioned  commander  January,  1887;  command- 
ing U.  S.  iron-clads  "  Wyandotte,"  "  Ajax,"  "  Canoni- 
cus,"  "  Catskill,"  "  Mahopac,"  "  Lehigh,"  and  "  Manhat- 
tan," in  James  River,  1889-90. 

Commanding  U.  S.  S.  "  Nipsic,"  Pacific  Station,  1890, 
1 89 1,  ami  1892;  commanding  U.  S.  S.  "  Alliance,"  Asiatic 
Station,  during  which  time  rescued  the  crews  of  two 
shipwrecked  Chinese  vessels  at  sea,  receiving  letters  of 
thanks  from  Chinese  authorities  on  both  occasions. 

Commander  Felix  McCurley  is  a  son  of  James  McCur- 
ley and  Elizabeth  Wallace  Graham,  a  grandson  of  Felix 
McCurley  and  Mary  Pierpont,  and  a  great-grandson  of 
Morgan  Pierpont  and  Mary  Chew.  His  great-grand- 
father fought  in  the  Revolution,  and  both  his  grand- 
fathers in  the  war  with  England  in  [812. 

Commander  McCurley  married  Miss  Anna  B.  Fowble, 
of  Baltimore,  and  has  two  children, — James  Wallace  and 
Edith  Lisle  McCurley. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


26 1 


CAPTAIN  JOHN   McDONALD.  U.S.A.   (retired). 

Captain  John  McDonald  was  born  in  Ireland,  and 
entered  the  regular  service  at  Boston,  Massachusetts,  as 
a  private,  August  18,  1857,  and  was  assigned  to  Company 
K  of  the  First  Dragoons.  He  joined  his  regiment  at 
Fort  Buchanan,  Arizona,  and  participated  in  several  cam- 
paigns against  hostile  Indians  in  Arizona  and  California. 
He  was  ordered  with  his  troop  to  the  seat  of  war  in  No- 
vember, 1 861,  and  served  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomai  as 
first  sergeant  of  his  troop  during  the  Peninsula  campaign, 
for  which  he  was  complimented  by  his  troop  commander, 
Captain  B.  F.  Davis,  for  his  conduct  at  Williamsburg, 
Virginia,  May  4,  1862. 

He  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  of  the  First  Cav- 
alry July  17,  1862,  and  sent  to  Carlisle,  Pennsylvania,  the 
following  August,  to  recruit  his  troop  to  one  hundred 
men.  He  rejoined  his  regiment  in  February,  [863,  and 
was  in  the  battle  at  Kelly's  Ford,  March  17  following, 
being  severely  injured  by  his  horse  having  been  wounded 
and  falling  with  him  while  commanding  the  rear-guard. 
He  was  complimented  by  General  Averell,  through  his 
regimental  commander,  for  the  part  he  bore  in  that  action. 
He  had  to  be  sent  to  Washington,  D.  C,  in  April,  for 
medical  treatment;  after  which  he  was  ordered  to  Car- 
lisle, and  in  the  November  following  to  Harrisbursj, 
Pennsylvania,  where  he  was  assigned  to  recruiting  and 
mustering  duty. 

Lieutenant  McDonald  was  promoted  first  lieutenant 
December  29,  1863,  and  rejoined  his  regiment  at  Win- 
chester, Virginia,  in  November,  1864.  He  participated  in 
the  cavalry  raid  to  Gordonsville,  Virginia,  in  December, 
1864. 

He  was  then  sent  to  the  general  hospital  for  officers  at 
Annapolis,  Maryland,  in  February,  1865,  until  May  15, 
1865,  when  he  was  assigned  to  mustering  duty  in  Bal- 
timore, Maryland;  after  which  he  joined  his  regiment 
at  New  Orleans,  Louisiana,  in  June.     Then   he  was   or- 


dered to  California,  with  his  regiment,  in  Januarv,  1866, 
and  from  there  to  Arizona,  in  command  of  Troop  G,  in 
March. 

In  July,  18(17,  Lieutenant  McDonald  was  on  sick-leave, 
and  ordered  to  report  to  the  medical  director  of  the  De- 
partment of  California,  who  recommended  a  change  of 
station. 

While  at  Fort  McDermitt  he  was  assigned  to  the 
command  of  Fort  Halleck,  Nevada,  from  which  he  was 
relieved  in  October,  and  ordered  to  return  to  Fort 
McDermitt  as  quartermaster  and  commissar}'. 

A  short  while  after  this  Captain  McDonald  was  re- 
quired to  appear  before  a  retiring  board,  at  San  Francisco, 
in  November,  1867.  He  was  commanding  Drum  Bar- 
racks, California,  when  ordered  to  his  home,  in  Maryland, 
January  15,  1868.  He  was  promoted  to  captain  July  I, 
1868,  and  retired  the  same  day. 

Captain  McDonald  was  assigned  to  court-martial  duty 
in  Texas  from  November,  1868,  to  March,  1869. 


21  \2 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN   ROBERT  McDONALD,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Captain  Robert  McDonald  was  born  in  New  York 
May  12, 1822.  He  joined  the  U.  S.  Army  July  21,  1856, 
and  was  assigned  to  the  Fifth  Infantry,  in  Florida,  partici- 
pating in  General  Harney's  Seminole  campaign. 

In  1856-57  ordered  to  compose  the  second  column 
of  the  Utah  forces  in  General  Johnston's  Mormon  cam- 
paign, only  tn  arrive  within  fourteen  miles  of  the  city  to 
have  a  pardon  proclamation  by  President  Buchanan  an- 
nounced in  orders. 

In  1857  to  1 860  ordered  to  march  to  New  Mexico  to  en- 
gage in  General  Canby's  Navajo  campaign,  and  from  [81  ii  1 
to  1867  were  occupied  in  subjugating  and  civilizing  that 
tribe  (ten  thousand  strong),  and  in  defeating  the  Army  of 
the  Trans  Mississippi,  preserving  to  the  Union  New 
Mexico,  Arizona,  and  possibly  California.'  In  [862—63, 
though  only  .1  non-commissioned  officer,  he  was  given 
charge  of  the  defences  of  the  Fort  Union  field-works, 
ordnance,  and  ordnance  stores,  with  orders  to  allow  no 
one  inside  the  magazine,  where  the  ammunition  for  the 
whole  Territory  was  stored.  In  1864  he  was  ordered  to 
Annapolis,  Maryland,  for  exam  in. it  ion  for  prorm  ition.  He 
was  assigned  to  duty  as  acting  assistant  quartermaster 
and  assistant  commissary  subsistence  and  provost-mar- 
shal at  El  Paso, Texas,  in  1865  ;  ordered  to  Fort  Sumner, 
\i -w  Mexico,  and  assigned  to  duty  as  acting  assistant 
quartermaster,  assistant  commissary  subsistence,  and  as- 
sistant commissary  subsistence  for  the  Navajo  Indians,  in 
1  866,  transferring  them,  by  order  of  General  Grant,  to  the 
Department  of  the  Interior.  He  was  regimental  quarter- 
master from  1866  to  1869,  and  assigned  to  dutyas  acting 


assistant  quartermaster  and  assistant  commissary  subsist- 
ence twice  at  Fort  Hays,  Kansas;  once  at  Fort  Riley, 
Kansas,  and  again  at  Fort  Harker,  Kansas,  1 868-69.  I  le 
was  then  ordered  to  join  his  company  at  Fort  Reynolds, 
Colorado.  He  was  detailed  on  recruiting  service  at 
Louisville,  Kentucky,  from  iSji  to  [872, and  then  joined 
his  company  at  Fort  Larned,  Kansas,  and  assigned  to 
dutyas  acting  assistant  quartermaster  and  assistant  com- 
missar}' subsistence.  1  le  was  on  duty  guarding  the  line 
of  the  Atchison,  Topeka,  and  Santa  Fe  Railway,  1873—74. 
lie  was  assigned  as  chief  commissary  of  subsistence  on 
the  staff  of  General  Miles  in  his  operations  against  the 
hostiles  ol  the  Southwest,  and  on  dutyas  acting  assistant 
quartermaster  ami  assistant  commissary  subsistence,  camp 
North  Fork  of  Red  River,  Texas,  1874-75.  Me  joined 
his  company  at  Fort  Riley,  Kansas,  and  took  station  at 
Fort  Reno,  Indian  Territory,  in  1876.  His  company  was 
ordered  to  join  the  regiment  in  the  field  in  General 
Terry's  campaign  against  the  hostiles  of  the  Northwest, and 
afterwards,  with  gre.it  success,  under  General  Miles,  com- 
manding the  District  of  the  Yellowstone;  on  duty  as 
assistant  commissary  subsistence  at  Fort  Keogh,  Mon- 
tana. He  was  assigned  to  duty  as  chief  commissary  of 
subsistence  on  the  staff  of  General  Miles  in  the  operations 
resulting  in  the  defeat  and  capture  of  the  Bannocks,  Nez 
Perces,  Cheyennes,  and  Sioux  ol  the  West  and  North- 
west, assuring  peace  to  the  harassed  settlements  of  Mon- 
tana from  [877  to  1S79.  Captain  McDonald  was  recom- 
mended for  the  brevets  of  captain  and  major  in  1867; 
again  as  captain  in  1S77.  lie  experienced  a  few  conflicts 
with  Indians,  beginning  in  the  palms  of  Florida,  continu- 
ing on  the  alkaline  plains  of  Kansas  and  Texas,  the  arid 
wastes  of  New  Mexico  and  Arizona,  and  ending  amid  the 
dreary,  frozen  wilds  of  Montana, — once  leading  the  Nav- 
ajos  against  the  Comanches,  fighting  from  early  dawn 
unto  the  afternoon,  the  captain  being  the  only  white  person 
in  the  fight.  Again,  when,  contrary  to  advice,  the  tem- 
porary post  commander  brought  on  a  conflict  between 
the  troops  A\v\  the  Navajos,  in  which  three  successive 
detachments  of  cavalry,  with  fatal  casualties,  were  whipped 
and  chased  into  the  post,  a  general  assault  being  immi- 
nent, declining  any  escort,  he  undertook  to  quell  the 
disturbance.  He  was  deserted  on  the  way  by  the  two 
principal  chiefs.  lie  sought  the  hostile  leaders  and  suc- 
ceeded, though  not  until  twelve  arrows  in  the  hands  of  so 
many  horsemen,  each  bowstring  at  the  ear,  were  pointed 
at  his  breast. 

Captain  McDonald  was  retired  from  active  service,  by 
operation  of  law,  May  12,  1 886. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


-r,3 


CAPTAIN  THOMAS  M.  McDOUGALL,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Captain  Thomas  M.  McDougall  was  horn  at  Fori 
Crawford,  Prairie  du  Cliicn,  Wisconsin,  May  21,  1845. 
He  is  the  son  of  Brevet  Brigadier-General  Charles 
McDougall,  surgeon  U.  S.  Army,  deceased.  He  served 
as  second  lieutenant  and  aide-de-camp  of  volunteers, 
when  only  seventeen  years  of  age,  at  Milliken's  Bend 
and  Goodrich  Landing,  Louisiana,  until  January  22, 
1 CS64.  He  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  Forty- 
eighth  U.  S.  Colored  Infantry  February  18,  [864,  and 
was  aide-de-camp  to  General  John  I'.  Hawkins,  com- 
manding the  First  Division  of  U.  S.  Colored  Troop, 
He  was  relieved  from  this  duty  October  17,  1S64,  and 
made  assistant  commissary  of  musters  of  the  post  and 
defences  of  Vicksburg,  from  which  he  was  relieved  and 
appointed  aide-de-camp  and  commissary  of  musters, 
February,  1865;  afterwards  appointed  commissary  of 
musters  of  the  Division  of  Colored  Infantry,  lie  was 
also  on  the  staff  of  General  Emory  Upton,  as  provost- 
marshal,  District  of  Colorado,  and  assistant  commissary 
of  musters,  October  16,  1865. 

Captain  McDougall,  while  on  duty  in  Louisiana, 
participated  in  the  engagements  at  Haines'  Bluff,  Ya/.oo 
City,  Port  Gibson,  and  Grand  Gulf,  Mississippi,  and 
while  in  Florida  those  of  Perdido  River,  Florida,  siege 
and  assault  of  Fort  Blakely,  Alabama,  and  the  capture 
of  Mobile 

He  was  honorably  mustered  out  of  the  Irorty-eighth 
U.S.  Colored  Infantry  June  1,  1865,  to  enable  hint  to 
accept  a  captaincy  in  the  Fifth  U.  S.  Volunteer  Infantry; 
and,  having  joined  that  regiment,  proceeded  with  it  to 
the  Plains,  marching  from  Missouri  to  Selina,  Kansas, 
thence  to  Fort  Riley,  Kansas ;  and  from  that  place 
to  Denver,  Colorado,  arriving  there  October  if>,  1805, 
having  been  engaged  in  an  affair  witli  Indians  near  Fort 
Ellsworth,  Kansas.  He  was  at  Camp  Collins,  Colorado, 
June  1 1,  1866,  to  muster  out  the  Twenty-first  New  York 
Cavalry,  and  a  few  days  later  was  ordered  to  Fort  Colum- 
bus, New  York  harbor,  and  was  honorably  mustered 
out  of  the  volunteer  service  August  10,  1866. 

Captain  McDougall  entered  the  regular  service  as 
second  lieutenant  Fourteenth  Infantry  May  10,  1866; 
was  transferred  to  the  Thirty-second  Infantry  Septem- 
ber 21,  1866;  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  November 
5,  1866;  was  again  transferred  to  the  Twenty-first 
Infantry  April  19,  1869;  was  unassigned  October  21, 
1869;  was  assigned  to  the  Seventh  Cavalry  December 
31,  1870;  and  was  promoted  captain  December  15,  1875. 

When  first  assigned  to  the  regular  service,  he  was 
ordered  to  take  recruits  by  sea  from  New  York  to  Cali- 


fornia, and  after  accomplishing  that  duty  he  served  at 
numerous  posts  until  August,  1867,  when  he  was  changed 
to  Arizona,  and  subsequently,  in  1869,  his  station  was 
changed  to  Fort  Vancouver.  After  being  transferred  to 
the  cavalry,  he  was  with  Stanley's  Yellowstone  Expedi- 
tion, escorting  the  Northern  Pacific  Railroad  Survey, 
from  May  7  to  October  1,  1873.  He  was  in  the  field 
almost  every  summer  while  in  the  cavalry  service,  scout- 
ing, protecting  construction  trains,  etc.,  etc.  He  partici- 
pated in  engagements  with  Indians  at  Aravipa  Canon, 
Tonto  Basin,  Point  of  Mountain,  and  Rock  Springs, 
Arizona,  and  in  action  at  the  mouth  of  the  Big  Horn 
with  hostile  Indians,  August  [I,  1873.  While  on  Ku- 
Klux  duty  in  the  South,  he  had  a  skirmish  with 
illicit  distillers  at  McGownsville,  and  Limestone  Springs, 
South  Carolina,  in  1871. 

Captain  McDougall  took-  part  in  the  Big  Horn  and 
Yellowstone  Expedition  of  1876,  and  with  his  troop  was 
rear-guard  and  in  charge  of  the  pack-train  of  Custer's 
command  in  the  battle  of  the  Little  Big  Horn,  Montana 
Territory,  June  25  and  26.  He  also  commanded  the 
Third  Battalion  of  the  Seventh  Cavalry,  as  part  of  the 
escort  to  Chief  Joseph  and  his  band  of  Indians  to  camp 
opposite  Fort  Abraham  Lincoln,  North  Dakota,  and 
took  station  at  Fort  Yates,  January  2,  1883.  He 
marched  with  Troop  B,  Seventh  Cavalry,  to  Port  Meade, 
South  Dakota,  arriving  there  October  17,  1886,  and 
remained  until  May  17,  [888,  when  he  was  granted  leave 
of  absence  on  account  of  sickness,  after  which  he  was 
ordered  to  appear  before  a  retiring  board  at  San 
Antonio,  Texas,  June  ir,  1889,  and,  having  been  found 
incapacitated  for  active  service,  was  retired  July  22,  I  890. 


264 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  1 regular) 


MAJOR-GENERAL   IRWIN   McDOWELL,   U.S.A. 
(deceased). 

Major-General  Ikwix  McDowell  was  born  in  Ohio, 
and  graduated  from  the  Military  Academy  July  1,  [838. 
He  was  promoted  to  brevet  second  lieutenant  the  same 
day,  and  second  lieutenant,  First  Artillery,  July  7,  [838. 
He  served  on  the  Northern  frontier  during  the  Canadian 
Border  disturbances,  and  on  the  .Maine  frontier,  pending 
the  "Disputed  Territory,"  until  1 841,  when  he  was  de- 
tailed at  the  Military  Academy  as  assistant  instructor  of 
infantry  tactics,  and  as  adjutant,  to  October  8,  1845; 
then  as  aide-de-camp  to  Brigadier-General  Wool  to  May 
■3.  1847,  when  the  war  with  Mexico  occurred,  and  he- 
was  employed  in  mustering  in  volunteers.  He  was  pro- 
moted first  lieutenant  (  Ictober  7,  [842,  which  he  retained 
to  February  22,   I  85  I . 

Lieutenant  McDowell  was  acting  assistant  adjutant- 
general  of  the  army  commanded  by  Brigadier- General 
Wool,  on  the  march  for  Chihuahua,  from  August,  [846, 
to  January,  1S47,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of 
Buena  Vista,  for  which  he  was  I  .revetted  captain  Febru- 
ary 23,  1847.  He  was  then  made  brevet  captain  of  staff 
(assistant  adjutant-general)  May  [3,  [847,  and  was  adju- 
tant-general to  Brigadier-General  Wool's  division  in  the 
Army  of  Occupation,  to  May  22,  1  848.  1  le  was  then  on 
duty  mustering  out  and  discharging  troops. 

In  [848-49  he  was  on  duty  as  assistant  adjutant-gen- 
eral at  the  War  Department,  and  at  the  head-quarters  of 
the  army  at  New  York  City  until  1851,  when  he  was  on 
duty  at  various  head-quarters  until    1858,  having  been 


made  brevet  major  of  staff  (assistant  adjutant-general) 
March  31,  1856.  From  November  17,  [858,  to  November 
14,  [859,  he  was  on  leave  of  absence  in  Europe,  and  on 
returning  from  leave  was  assistant  adjutant-general  at 
the  head-quarters  of  the  army  to  January  1 1,  [860,  when 
he  was  transferred  to  Texas.  After  two  months'  service 
there  he  was  on  leave  of  absence  from  April  S  to  August, 
i860,  when  he  made  a  tour  of  inspection  in  Minnesota, 
Missouri,  and  Kansas,  to  February,  [861.  He  was  then 
employed  in  inspecting  troops  in  Washington  City  to 
April,  1861.  He  assisted  in  organizing  and  mustering 
District  of  Columbia  volunteers  into  the  service  at  Wash- 
ington, and  was  in  command  of  the  Capitol  building  to 
May,  1 861,  when  he  was  made  brigadier-general  United 
States  Army,  and  placed  in  command  of  the  Department 
of  Northeast  Virginia,  and  of  the  defences  of  Washington 
south  of  the  Potomac,  and  subsequently  in  command  of 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac  to  July  25,  1861.  He  organ- 
ized the  Manassas  campaign,  and  commanded  in  the 
battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21,  iS6[.  He  was,  on  July  2\, 
placed  in  command  of  a  division  in  the  defences  of 
Washington,  D.  C.,  which  he  retained  until  March  13, 
1862,  when  he  was  appointed  major-general  of  volunteers. 

He  was  then  assigned  to  the  First  Corps  of  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac,  and  commanded  the  Department  and 
Arm)-  of  the  Rappahannock  from  April  4  to  August  12, 
[862,  at  which  time  he  was  assigned  to  the  command 
<>f  the  Third  Corps,  Army  of  Virginia,  and  was  in  the 
Northern  Virginia  campaign  (Pope's),  being  engaged  in 
the  battle  of  Cedar  Mountain,  action  of  Rappahannock 
Station,  and  battle  of  second  Bull  Run,  August  29-30, 
1862. 

After  this  campaign  General  McDowell  was  detailed 
as  president  of  a  court  for  investigating  alleged  cotton 
frauds,  from  May  to  July,  1863,  and  of  Board  for  Retiring 
Disabled  Army  Officers,  at  Wilmington,  Delaware,  to 
May  21,  1864,  when  he  was  assigned  to  the  command  of 
the  Department  of  the  Pacific  to  June  27,  1865,  and  of 
the  Department  of  California  from  that  date. 

He  was  brevetted  major-general,  United  States  Army, 
March  [3,  1865,  for  "gallant  and  meritorious  services  at 
the  battle  of  Cedar  Mountain,  Virginia,"  and  was  mus- 
tered out  of  the  volunteer  service  September  1,  1866. 
He  was  appointed  major-general,  United  States  Army, 
November  25,  1872,  and  commanded  the  Military  Division 
of  the  Pacific  up  to  the  date  of  his  retirement  from  the 
army,  by  operation  of  law,  October  15,  1SS2.  He  died 
at  San  Francisco,  California,  May  4,  1SS5. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


265 


COMMANDER  CHARLES  McGREGOR,  U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Commander  Charles  McGregor  was  born  in  Ohio, 
but  was  appointed  a  midshipman  from  Illinois  in  Sep- 
tember, i860.  He  remained  at  the  Naval  Academy 
until  1863,  when  the  advanced  classes  were  sent  to  war- 
service.  But  while  on  leave  of  absence,  in  1862,  he 
volunteered  against  Kirby  Smith,  and  was  assigned  to 
duty, — at  first  with  the  army,  and  afterwards  transferred 
to  the  gun-boat  flotilla,  under  Commander  Duble,  of  the 
gun-boat  service,  and  received  commendations  from  that 
officer  and  General  Wallace  for  services  rendered.  In 
1  Si  >2  he  also  acted  as  acting  assistant  professor  at  the 
Naval  Academy.  He  was  promoted  to  ensign  May, 
1863;  steam-gun-boat  "  Tuscarora,"  North  Atlantic 
Blockading  Squadron,  1863-64;  steam-sloop  "  Juniata," 
North  and  South  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadrons,  1864- 
65  ;  in  both  attacks  upon  Fort  Fisher,  and  in  the  land 
assault  on  the  same,  and  received  the  commendation  <  >f 
his  commanding  officer.  Ensign  McGregor  was  in  the 
expedition  to  Bull's  Bay  at  the  time  of  the  capture  of 
Charleston. 

He  was  attached  to  the  " Juniata"  during  her  service 
in  Brazil,  1865-67;  promoted  master  January  10,  1865  ; 
commissioned  lieutenant  July,  1866;  and  served  in  the 
flag-ship  "  Powhatan,"  South  Pacific  Squadron,  1867-69; 
commissioned  as  lieutenant-commander  March,  1868,  and 
served  during  the  next  year  in  the  "  Powhatan"  once 
more,  when  flag-ship  of  the  West  India  Squadron.  After 
service  at  the  Naval  Observatory  and  the  Naval  Academy, 


he  was  ordered  to  the  flag-ship  "  Wabash,"  European 
Squadron,  and  was  afterwards  attached  to  the  "  Shenan- 
doah," on  the  same  station.  From  1875  to  1878  he  was 
on  duty  at  Boston  and  at  Washington  upon  equipment 
duty,  being  promoted  commander  in  1878.  In  1880-81 
commanded  the  "  Despatch,"  upon  special  service.  In 
1SS2  he  was  in  command  of  the  "  Nantucket."  From 
1SS5  to  1888  he  commanded  the  U.  S.  S.  "Alliance"  on 
the  South  Atlantic  Station,  and  was  light-house  inspector 
of  the  Prourteenth  District  in  1890. 

Commander  McGregor  died  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  on 
August  1,  1 89 1. 


34 


266 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  regular) 


MAJOR  G.  W.  McKEE,  U.S.A. 
(deceased). 

Major  G.  W.  McKee  was  graduated  at  the  Military 
Academy  June  11,  1863,  and  promoted  first  lieutenant  of 
ordnance.  lie  was  engaged  in  active  operations  at  Forts 
Gregg  and  Wagner,  South  Carolina,  and  in  mounting 
guns  in  the  Swamp  Angel  and  other  batteries  on  Morris 
Island,  South  Carolina,  for  the  bombardment  of  Charles- 
ton, from  September,  (863,  until  February,  1864. 

He  organized  the  ordnance  department  of  the  Shen- 
andoah Valley,  and  was  engaged  in  the  conib.it  of  New 
Market,  Virginia,  and  several  skirmishes  from  Mount 
Jackson  to  Cedar  Creek',  in  May,  [864,  and  as  chief  ord- 
nance officer,  Department  of  West  Virginia,  and  on  the 
staff  of  Major-General  Sheridan,  from  186410  1865.  lie 
was  brevetted  captain  and  major  "  for  efficient  and  valu- 
able services  during  the  Rebellion,"  and  was  promoted 
successively  from  first  lieutenant  to  major  of  ordnance, 
which  latter  rank  he  held  at  the  time  of  his  death,  De- 
cember 30,  1891,  at  which  date  he  was  in  command  of 
Frankford  Arsenal  and  a  member  of  the  Magazine-Gun 
Board. 

Major  McKee  served  as  assistant  instructor  of  ordnance 
and  gunnery,  and  as  assistant  professor  of  chemistry, 
mineralogy,  and  geology  at  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy  ; 
assistant  at  Watertown,   Benicia,   St.   Louis,  and    Rock 


Island  Arsenals,  and  at  the  National  Armory  ;  in  com- 
mand of  the  Washington,  Allegheny,  and  Frankford 
Arsenals;  in  charge  of  the  manufacture'  of  heavy  rifled 
(.union;  as  a  member  of  the  Ordnance  Board;  of  the 
board  for  testing  rifled  cannon  of  the  Magazine-Gun 
Board,  1891,  and  on  various  boards  for  the  determination 
of  important  questions  concerning  ordnance  material, 
etc. 

The  chief  of  ordnance,  General  D.  W.  Flagler,  in  an- 
nouncing to  the  ( (rdnance  Corps  the  death  of  Major 
McKee,  and  after  reciting  in  detail  his  valuable  services, 
adds : 

"  In  addition  to  Major  McKee's  important  military 
services  as  briefly  sketched  above,  he  is  the  author  of 
many  valuable  professional  papers  which  have  appeared 
in  ordnance  publications,  and  the  department  is  indebted 
to  him  for  much  valuable  scientific  investigation  and 
research. 

"  The  department,  the  service,  and  the  country  have 
suffered  a  serious  loss  in  the  death  of  an  officer  whose 
abilities  and  service  were  much  needed. 

"Few  officers  have  ever  been  so  widely  known  and 
have  had  so  man}'  devoted  friends,  both  in  the  army  and 
throughout  the  country,  as  Major  McKee. 

"  Mis  eminently  great  and  good  qualities  of  mind, 
heart,  and  character ;  his  affection  for  and  stanch  loy- 
alty and  devotion  to  his  friends  ;  his  contempt  and  hatred 
of  whatever  was  wrong  or  mean ;  his  unselfishness, 
charity,  and  gentleness,  won  for  him  the  high  admiration 
and  friendship  of  all  who  knew  him.  His  talents  and 
man}-  entertaining  qualities  made  him  a  most  welcome 
and  agreeable  companion.  But  above  all  else,  the  man 
won  the  love  of  all  those  who  knew  him  well,  and  it  is 
in  this  last  which  now  causes  the  deep  sorrow  for  his 
loss. 

"  Major  McKee's  father,  Colonel  William  R.  McKee 
(Class  of  1829,  U.  S.  Military  Academy),  was  killed  at 
Bueiia  Vista,  Mexico  ;  his  brother,  Hugh  McKee,  of  the 
navy,  was  killed  at  Corea.  .  .  ." 

Both  of  these  gallant  officers,  father  and  son,  laid 
down  their  lives  in  the  service  of  their  country  at  the 
head  of  assaulting  columns. 

To  the  friends  of  Major  McKee  the  wish  was  often 
expressed,  that  he,  too,  like  that  father  and  son,  might 
find  a  grave  on  the  battle-field. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


267 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL  JAMES  B.  McPHERSON,  U.S.A. 
(deceased). 

Brigadier-General  James  B.  McPherson  was  born 
in  Ohio  in  1829,  and  graduated  at  the  Military  Academy 
July  1,  1853.  He  was  promoted  brevet  second  lieutenant. 
Corps  of  Engineers,  the  same  day,  and  second  lieutenant 
December  18,  1854.  He  served  at  the  Military  Academy 
as  assistant  instructor  of  practical  engineering  to  Septem- 
ber 6,  1854, and  was  assistant  engineer  in  the  construction 
and  repairs  of  the  defi  aces  of  New  York  harbor;  as  super- 
intending engineer  of  the  building  of  Fort  Delaware;  of 
the  construction  of  the  defences  of  Alcatraz  Island,  San 
Francisco  harbor;  in  charge  of  the  engineer  operations 
at  Boston  harbor,  Massachusetts,  and  recruiting  sappers, 
miners,  and  pontoniers,  from  1S54  to  1861.  I  fe  was  pro- 
moted first  lieutenant  December  13,  1858,  and  was  ap- 
pointed captain  of  the  Nineteenth  Infantry  May  14,  1861, 
which  he  declined,  and  received  his  promotion  as  captain 
of  engineers  August  6,  1861.  He  was  appointed  lieuten- 
ant-colonel of  staff  November  12,  1861,  anil  colonel  of 
staff  May  1,  1S62.  He  served  as  aide-de-camp  to  Gen- 
eral Halleck,  and  as  chief  engineer  on  the  staff  of  General 
Grant  from  November  12,  1 86 1,  to  the  date  of  his  appoint- 
ment as  brigadier-general  of  volunteers,  May  15,  and 
major-general  of  volunteers,  October  8,  1862. 

No  better  sketch  of  his  military  life  can  be  furnished 
than  that  given  by  General  Grant,  when  recommending 
him  for  promotion,  as  follows  : 

"  He  has  been  with  me  in  every  battle  since  the  com- 
mencement of  the  Rebellion,  except  Belmont.  At  Forts 
Henry  and  Donelson,  Shiloh  and  the  siege  of  Corinth, 
as  a  staff-officer  and  engineer,  his  services  were  conspicu- 
ous and  highly  meritorious.  At  the  second  battle  of 
Corinth  his  skill  as  a  soldier  was  displayed  in  successfully 
carrying  reinforcements  to  the  besieged  garrison  when 
the  enemy  was  between  him  and  the  point  to  be  readied. 
In  the  advance  through  Central  Mississippi,  General  Mc- 
Pherson commanded  one  wing  of  the  army  with  all  the 
ability  possible  to  show, — he  having  the  lead  in  the 
advance  and  the  rear  retiring. 

"  In  the  campaign  and  siege  terminating  with  the  fall  of 
Vicksburg,  General  McPherson  has  filled  a  conspicuous 
part.  At  the  battle  of  Port  Gibson,  it  was  under  his  direc- 
tion that  the  enemy  was  driven,  late  in  the  afternoon,  from 
a  position  they  had  succeeded  in  holding  all  day  against 
an  obstinate  attack.  His  corps,  the  advance  always  under 
his  immediate  eye,  were  the  pioneers  in  the  movement 
from  Port  Gibson  to  Hawkinson's  Ferry.  From  the  north 
fork  of  the  Bayou  Pierre  to  Black  River  it  was  a  constant 
skirmish,  the  whole  skilfully  managed.  The  enemy  was 
so  closely  pressed  as  to  be  unable  to  destroy  their  bridge 
of  boats  after  them.  From  Hawkinson's  Ferry  to  Jack- 
son the  Seventeenth  Army  Corps  marched  on  roads  not 
travelled   by   other  troops,  fighting  the  entire   battle  of 


Raymond  alone;  and  the  bulk  of  Johnston's  army  was 
fought  by  this  corps,  entirely  under  the  management  of 
General  McPherson.  AtChampion  Hills  the  Seventeenth 
Corps  and  General  McPherson  were  conspicuous.  All 
that  could  be  termed  a  battle  there  was  fought  by  the 
divisions  of  General  McPherson's  corps  and  General  Ho- 
vey's  division  of  the  Thirteenth  Corps.  In  the  assault  of 
the  22(1  of  May,  on  the  fortifications  of  Vicksburg,  and 
dining  the  entire  siege,  General  McPherson  and  his  com- 
mand took  unfading  laurels,  lie  is  one  of  the  ablest 
engineers  and  most  skilful  generals.  I  would  respectfully, 
but  urgently,  recommend  his  promotion  to  the  position 
of  brigadier-general  in  the  regular  army." 

As  a  result  of  the  above  letter,  General  McPherson  was 
appointed  brigadier-general  U.S.  Army  August  i,  1863, 
and  he  was  awarded — October,  1863 — a  medal  of  honor, 
by  the  officers  of  his  corps,  lor  "the  gallant  manner  in 
which  he  had  led  them  during  the  campaign  and  siege 
of  Vicksburg." 

( ieneral  McPherson  was  killed  July  22,  1S64,  in  the  re- 
pulse of  a  sortie  from  Atlanta,  Georgia.  Soon  after  his 
death,  General  Grant  addressed  the  following  letter  to 
General  McPherson's  aged  grandmother  : 

"  I  am  glad  to  know  the  relatives  of  the  lamented 
Major-General  McPherson  are  aware  of  the  more  than 
friendship  existing  between  him  and  myself.  A  nation 
grieves  at  the  loss  of  one  so  dear  to  our  nation's  cause. 
It  is  a  selfish  grief,  because  the  nation  had  more  to  expect 
from  him  than  from  almost  anyone  living.  I  join  in  this 
selfish  grief,  and  add  the  grief  of  personal  love  for  the 
departed.  He  formed  for  some  time  one  of  my  military 
family.  I  knew  him  well.  It  may  be  some  consolation 
to  you  to  know  that  every  officer  and  every  soldier 
who  served  under  your  grandson,  felt  for  him  the 
highest  reverence.  Your  bereavement  is  great,  but  can- 
not excel  mine." 


268 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


MAJOR-GENERAL  GEORGE  GORDON  MEADE.  U.S.A. 
(deceased). 

Major-General  George  Gordon  Meade:  was  born 
at  Cadiz,  Spain,  December  31,  1S15  ;  his  father,  Richard 
W.  Meade,  being  at  that  time  U.  S.  naval  agent  there. 
His  grandfather,  George  Meade,  a  wealthy  merchant  of 
Philadelphia,  had  contributed  liberally  for  the  support  of 
the  Revolutionary  army.  The  grandson  graduated  at 
the  Military  Academy  in  1 S 3 5 ,  and  entered  the  artillery 
service.  He  participated  in  the  war  against  the  hostile 
Seminole  Indians,  in  Florida,  but  resigned  in  October, 
1836,  and  became  a  civil  engineer.  He  was  engaged  in 
a  survey  of  the  mouths  of  the  Mississippi  ;  and  after- 
wards on  the  boundary  line  of  Texas,  and  on  that  of 
Maine. 

In  1842  he  re-entered  the  army  as  second  lieutenant 
of  topographical  engineers,  and  during  the-  Mexican  War 
he  served  with  distinction  on  the  stalls  of  Generals 
Taylor  and  Scott.  He  was  afterwards  employed  in 
light-house  construction,  and  on  the  geodetic  survey  of 
the  great  lakes. 

In  August,  1 86 1,  he  was  appointed  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers,  and  commanded  the  Second  Brigade  of 
the  Pennsylvania  Reserve  Corps. 

In  McClellan's  Peninsula  campaign,  Meade  fought  at 
Mechanicsville,  Gaines'  Mill,  and  Glendale,  being  severely 
wounded  in  the  latter  engagement,  second  Bull  Run. 
He  afterwards  commanded  a  division  at  Antietam,  and 
when  General  Honker  was  wounded  there,  succeeded 
temporarily  to  the  command  of  the  First  Corps  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac. 

General  Meade  was  appointed  major-general  of  vol- 
unteers, and  in  December,  1862,  led  the  attack  which 
broke  through  the  right  of  Lee's  line  at  Fredericks- 
burg, but,  not  being  supported,  was  obliged  to  fall  back. 


He  was  placed  in  command  of  the  Fifth  Corps,  and, 
though  much  esteemed  by  General  Hooker,  was  not 
called  into  action  at  Chancellorsville. 

On  the  28th  of  June,  1863,  after  Lee  had  crossed  the 
Potomac,  mi  his  way  to  Pennsylvania,  President  Lincoln 
placed  General  Meade  in  chief  command  of  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac,  then  hastening  to  oppose  Lee,  wherever  the 
two  armies  should  strategetically  meet.  This  occurred 
at  the  town  of  Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania,  and  after  three 
days  of  severe  fighting,  the  Confederate  arm)-,  under  its 
ablest  leader,  was  forced  to  retreat  into  Virginia.  For 
this  victory  he  was  made  a  brigadier-general  in  the 
regular  army. 

In  the  spring  of  1864,  Lieutenant-General  Grant  being 
placed  in  command  of  all  the  Union  armies,  General 
Meade  entered  the  field  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 
He,  however,  still  retained  the  immediate  command  of 
this  army  till  the  close  of  the  war,  discharging  the  duties 
of  his  difficult  and  delicate  position  to  the  entire  satis- 
faction of  General  Grant.  In  the  bloody  battle  of  the 
Wilderness,  and  the  subsequent  campaign,  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac  suffered  severely. 

In  June,  1864,  it  was  transferred  to  the  south  side  of 
the  James,  in  order  to  capture  Petersburg,  the  main 
defence  of  Richmond  on  that  side;  but  General  Lee 
saved  the  place  by  prompt  reinforcements.  The  siege  of 
Petersburg  lasted  ten  months,  and  at  its  close  Richmond 
had  to  be  evacuated,  and  General  Lee,  after  being  pur- 
sued from  Petersburg  to  Appomattox  Court-House, 
with  constant  and  severe  fighting,  surrendered  April  9, 
1865. 

General  Meade  was  appointed  major-general  U.  S. 
Army  August  1 8,  iSf'ij. 

After  the  war,  General  Meade  had  command  of  the 
Military  Division  of  the  Atlantic  until  August,  1866, 
when  he  took  command  of  the  Department  of  the 
East. 

He  received  the  thanks  of  Congress,  January  28,  1866, 
"for  the  skill  and  heroic  valor  which,  at  Gettysburg,  re- 
pelled, defeated,  and  drove  back — broken  and  dispirited — 
beyond  the  Rappahannock,  the  veteran  army  of  the 
Rebellion." 

General  Meade  was  subsequently  placed  in  command 
of  the  military  district  comprising  Georgia,  Florida,  and 
Alabama,  with  head-quarters  at  Atlanta.  He  died  in 
Philadelphia  Nov  ember  6,  1872.  His  fellow-citizens  of 
that  city  had  presented  him  with  a  house,  and  after 
his  death  raised  a  fund  of  one  hundred  thousand  dollars 
for  his  family. 

General  Meade  had  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Laws  con- 
ferred on  him  by  Harvard  College.  Massachusetts,  in 
[865.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Historical  Society  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  of  the  Philadelphia  Academy  of  Natu- 
ral Sciences. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


269 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  FREDERICK   MEARS,  U.S.A. 
(deceased). 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Frederick  Mears  was  born  in 
New  York  City  January  1,  1836,  and  was  a  member  of 
an  old  and  influential  family.  He  practised  law  before 
the  war,  and  in  1S61  went  to  Washington  and  tendered 
his  services  to  General  C.  P.  Stone,  then  assistant  adju- 
tant-general for  the  District  of  Columbia.  He  served  as 
drill  instructor  at  Washington,  and  rendered  valuable  and 
important  services  to  the  country  at  a  trying  period  in  the 
nation's  history.  He  was  appointed  second  lieutenant 
of  the  Ninth  Infantry  in  1 861,  and  reported  to  General 
Mansfield,  then  in  command  at  Washington.  Lieutenant 
Mears  instructed  a  force  of  fourteen  thousand  men  in 
company,  battalion,  and  skirmish  drill,  working  chiefly 
on  Tyler's  brigade ;  afterwards  on  baker's  (of  Oregon) 
regiment,  at  Hampton  Creek;  and  taking  it  to  Washing- 
ton, he  was  assigned  as  acting  assistant  adjutant-general 
to  the  Provisional  Brigade  <  >ffice.  He  was  promoted  to 
first  lieutenant  May  [7,  1861,  and  soon  after  was  made 
lieutenant-colonel  of  the  First  Regiment  of  Sharpshoot- 
ers. In  1862  he  joined  his  regiment  .it  Fort  Vancouver. 
Later  he  served  as  aide  and  assistant  adjutant-general  to 
General  Alvord,  then  commanding  the  District  of  Co- 
lumbia. 

He  was  promoted  to  captain  the  same  year,  and  for 
his  good  service  at  Point  San  Jose  harbor,  San  Fran- 
cisco, was  commended  in  orders  by  the  division  com- 
mander, General  McDowell. 

Captain  Mears  served  in  San  Francisco  during  the 
trouble  arising  from  the  assassination  of  President  Lin- 
coln, and  had  a  long  period  of  service  with  General 
Crook  on  the  frontier  during  the  Indian  troubles.  After- 
wards he  served  in  the  Yellowstone  campaign  under 
General  Stanley,  Custer  and  his  regiment  forming  part  of 
the  command.  In  1874  he  assisted  in  building  Camp 
Robinson,  Red  Cloud  Indian  Agency,  being  in  command 
of  the  post  when  flag-staff  troubles  broke  out,  and  what 
may  be  termed  the  Sioux  struck-  the  first  blow  that 
brought  on  the  war  that  lasted  during  1875-77.  Captain 
Mears  was  also  active  in  restoring  quiet  amongst  Spotted 


1  ail's  band.  Except  for  a  few  weeks'  service  in  Chi- 
ago  during  the  riots,  and  a  brief  period  in  San  Fran- 
cisco harbor  and  at  Fort  Omaha,  his  services  were  for 
twenty-one  years  with  his  company  west  of  the  Missouri 
River,  always  discharging  the  duties  assigned  him  with 
alacrity,  zeal,  and  ability.  He  devoted  his  best  thoughts 
to  the  interests  of  the  service,  endeavoring  to  better  it  by 
writing  on  such  subjects  as  "Target  Practice,"  "Cook- 
ing," "The  Army  Register,"  "The  Muster-Rolls,"  etc., 
his  suggestions  being  accepted,  and  many  of  them  being- 
enforced  to-day. 

On  March  13,  1865,  Captain  Mears  was  brevetted  major 
for  faithful  and  meritorious  services,  and  his  nomination 
sent  to  the  Senate  for  a  brevet  as  lieutenant-colonel. 

In  1883  he  was  promoted  to  major  of  the  Twenty-fifth 
Infantry,  and  in  October,  1S87,  was  promoted  to  be  lieu- 
tenant-colonel of  the  Fourth  Infantry.  Lieutenant-Colo- 
nel Frederick  Mears  died  at  his  post  of  duty,  at  Fort 
Spokane,  Washington,  on  January  2,  1892,  after  a  brief 
illness. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  Loyal  Legion,  Grand  Army 
of  the  Republic,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  a  Veteran  of 
the  Seventh  New  York  Regiment. 


2  70 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


BRIGADIER-  AND  BREVET  MAJOR-GENERAL  MONT- 
GOMERY C.  MEIGS,  U.S.A.  (deceased). 

Brigadier-  and  Brevet  Major-General  Montgomery 
C.  Meigs  was  born  in  Augusta,  Georgia,  May  3,  1816. 
He  was  a  son  of  Charles  1).  Meigs,  M.D.,  and  of  Mary 
Montgomery  Meigs,  who  removed  with  him  to  Philadel- 
phia when  he  was  three  months  old.  His  father  was  of 
an  old  Connecticut  family,  and  his  mother  a  daughter 
of  William  Montgomery,  merchant,  of  Philadelphia. 

On  graduating  at  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy  at  West 
Point  in  [836,  he  entered  the  artillery,  but  within  one 
year  was  transferred  to  the  Engineer  Corps  of  the  army. 

His  first  engineering  work  was  the  repairing  of  Fort 
Mifflin,  on  the  Delaware  River,  and  later  in  building  Fort 
Delaware,  and  the  improvement  of  the  Delaware  River 
and  Bay  and  other  places  along  the  coast. 

In  1850  he  was  in  charge  of  building  Fort  Mont- 
gomery, Take  Champlain. 

From  [852  to  i860  he  was  engaged  in  the  designing 
,md  construction  of  Washington  Aqueduct,  and  super- 
intending construction  of  the  new  wings  and  great  dome 
of  the  Capitol;  also  the  new  halls  of  Congress.  His 
work'  on  the  aqueduct  included  building  the  Cabin  John 
Bridge,  with  its  largest  stone  arch  in  the  world. 

lie  became  captain  of  engineers  in  1853.  I  lis  other 
work  included  extension  of  General  Post-Office  in  Wash- 
ington, and  completion  of  Fort  Madison,  Annapolis. 

In  i860,  on  declining  to  obey  an  order  given  by  Sec- 
retary-of-War  Floyd,  because  it  plainly  violated  a  law  of 
Congress,  he  was  sent  to  Florida,  to  take  charge  of  the 
completion  of  Fort  Jefferson,  Dry  Tortugas,  where  he 
remained  until  his  recall  to  Washington  just  before  the 
inauguration  of  President  Lincoln,  one  of  whose  first  ac- 
tive war-measures  was  ordering  him  to  plan  and  accom- 
pany as  its  engineer  an  expedition  for  the  relief  and 
reinforcement  of  Fort  Pickens,   Pensacola,  then   besieged 


by  the  rebel  forces  ;  and  a  few  weeks  later  Mr.  Lincoln, 
on  opening  a  telegram  in  the  presence  of  some  visitors 
to  the  White  House,  exclaimed,  "  Here  is  the  first  good 
news  I  have  yet  had  :  Captain  Meigs  telegraphs  Fort 
Pickens  is  reinforced  !"  He  also  largely  contributed  to 
the  holding  of  Forts  Jefferson  and  Taylor  by  the  gov- 
ernment;  and  Mr.  Seward,  Secretary  of  State,  said  the 
retaining  of  those  three  forts  was  of  the  greatest  im- 
portance to  the  Union  cause,  especially  as  at  one  period 
of  the  war  this  action  had  great  influence  in  preventing  a 
recognition  of  the  Confederacy  by  foreign  governments. 

He  returned  to  Washington  and  on  May  14  was  made 
colonel  of  the  Eleventh  Infantry  :  on  the  next  day  was 
made  quartermaster-general  of  the  U.  S.  Arm)-,  with 
the  rank  of  brigadier-general,  which  position  he  held 
until  his  retirement  in  1882.  During  the  Civil  War  the 
expenditure  of  over  nineteen  hundred  million  of  dollars 
was  intrusted  to  his  direction,  and  history  records  how 
this  great  duty  was  discharged. 

He  was  present  at  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run  and  at 
the  battle  of  Lookout  Mountain.  During  Grant's  Rich- 
mond campaign  he  hail  personal  charge  of  the  base  oi 
supplies  of  his  army  at  Fredericksburg  and  Belleplaine; 
and  when  Washington  was  threatened  by  Early  in  1864 
he  was  placed  in  charge  of  the  defences  of  that  city,  and 
at  that  time  he  was  brevetted  major-general  U.  S.  Army. 

He  met  Sherman  at  Savannah,  after  his  march  to  the 
sea,  with  a  fleet  loaded  with  supplies  for  his  arm)'. 

When  he  visited  Europe  in  1867,  on  account  of  ill- 
health,  Mr.  Seward,  Secretary  of  State,  while  giving  him 
a  letter  to  our  ministers  and  consuls  abroad,  wrote: 
"The  prevailing  opinion  of  this  country  sustains  a  firm 
conviction  which  I  entertain,  and  on  all  occasions  cheer- 
fully express,  that  without  the  services  of  this  eminent 
soldier  the  national  cause  must  either  have  been  lost 
or  deeply  imperilled  in  the  late  Civil  War." 

He  visited  Europe  in  1875-76  on  special  service. 

In  [882  he  designed  the  Pension  Bureau  Building, 
which  he  completed  a  few  years  later. 

He  was  a  Regent  of  the  Smithsonian  Institution  and 
.1  1'cllow  of  the  National  Academy  of  Science. 

He  died  January  2,  1892,  and  was  buried  at  Arlington 
Cemetery  with  military  honors.  A  general  order  from 
head-quarters,  by  command  of  General  Schofield,  says: 
"Genera!  Meigs  was  personally  a  man  of  kind  and  ami- 
able character,  of  strict  probity  and  sense  of  right,  and 
of  great  breadth  of  intellect.  The  army  has  rarely  pos- 
sessed an  officer  who  has  combined  within  himself  so 
many  and  valuable  attainments,  and  who  was  intrusted 
by  the  government  with  a  greater  variety  of  weighty 
responsibilities,  or  who  proved  himself  more  worthy  of 
confidence.  There  are  few  whose  character  and  career 
can  be  more  justly  commended,  or  whose  lives  are  more 
worthy  of  respect,  admiration,  and  emulation." 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


271 


ENGINEER-IN-CHIEF  GEORGE  W.  MELVILLE,   U.S.N. 

It  is  rare  to  find  high  professional  ability  and  the  ca- 
pacity to  attend  scrupulously  to  office-work  and  details 
combined  in  the  same  individual  with  the  daring  spirit 
and  dauntless  courage  which  lead  to  gallant  deeds  in  the 
face  of  the  most  distressing  conditions  under  which  men 
can  be  placed.  The  "  sound  bod)-"  enabled  the  "  sound 
mind"  to  do  such  things  as  Melville  has  accomplished, — 
for  his  life  has  been  one  of  strange  and  stirring  ad- 
venture. 

Although  his  name  will  ever  be  associated  with  the 
"  Jeannette"  Expedition,  he  was  a  volunteer  for  two  other 
well-known  similar  ventures  to  the  far  North,  each  of 
which  accomplished  their  mission  "  tuto,  cito,  jncunde" — 
owing,  in  great  measure,  to  the  knowledge  which  he  had 
of  the  things  to  be  provided, — -a  complete  outfit  being 
the  necessary  adjunct  of  success  in  undertakings  of  this 
nature. 

De  Long,  in  his  journals,  bears  full  testimony  to  his 
cheerful  and  steady  co-operation  during  that  trying  drift 
through  entirely  unknown  seas.  When  the  supreme 
moment  came,  and  with  their  own  resources  cut  down  to 
the  lowest  amount,  the  part}'  had  to  make  for  an  un- 
known shore,  over  a  vast  extent  of  ice  and  water,  Mel- 
ville was  equal  to  the  occasion.  He  commanded  one  of  the 
three  boats  engaged  in  the  retreat,  and  accomplished  the 
feat  of  bringing  that  whole  boat's-crew  out  alive, — while 
the  others  perished,  either  in  the  icy  waters  of  the  Arctic 
or  the  equally  inhospitable  waste  about  the  Lena  delta. 
Most  men  would  have  thought  that  they  had  done 
enough;  but,  after  a  few  days  of  rest  to  recuperate  his 
forces,  he  again  took  his  life  in  his  hands  and  led  a 
party  which  discovered,  far  down  in  that  lonely,  wintry 
waste,  the  bodies  of  De  Long,  Dr.  Ambler,  and  their 
ill-starred  companions.  One  boat,  he  rightly  judged, 
had  been  lost  during  a  night  of  storm,  as  they  were 
approaching  the  land.  In  searching  for  the  other  boat's- 
crew  "  he  fought  his  perilous  and  painful  way,  mile  by 
mile,  through  the  rigors  of  perpetual  winter  and  floating 
archipelagoes  of  ice  along  the  Arctic  coast  for  over  lux- 
hundred  miles,  surviving  the  privations  which  had  been 
fatal  to  so  many,  and  persevered  until  his  search  was 
rewarded  by  the  recovery  of  all  the  records  of  the 
'  Jeannette'  Expedition. "  In  the  face  of  obstacles  pre- 
sented by  the  worst  season,  he  penetrated  to  the  mouth 
of  the  Lena  in  his  search,  and  left  no  doubt  that  the 
unfortunate  crew  of  the  third  boat  had  not  succeeded  in 
reaching  the  shore.  As  it  was,  he  contributed  to  the 
geography  of  the  world  a  new  and  important  chart  of 
that  region. 

It  was  under  his  charge  that  the  rude  but  massive 
tomb  was  built  which  sheltered  the  poor  remains  of 
the  lost,  "  and  the  rites  of  Christian  burial  were  per- 
formed over  these    martyrs    to    science  and   humanity, 


where  perpetual  winter  had  embalmed  them."  They 
were,  however,  subsequently  exhumed  1)}-  order  of  the 
United  States  government  and  brought  home,  to  be 
laid  among  the  dust  of  their  kin,  with  impressive  cere- 
monies. The  Russian  government  offered  every  assist- 
ance to  the  officers  who  accomplished  this  pious  mission, 
while  our  own  government  conferred  substantial  rewards 
upon  those  who  had  aided  Melville  in  his  extremity. 
For  his  Arctic  services  Engineer  Melville  afterwards 
received  special  promotion,  with  the  approbation  of  the 
whole  navy  and  of  the  country  at  large. 

Engineer-in-chief  Melville  was  born  in  New  York,  of 
Scottish  lineage,  on  January  10,  1S41,  and  his  education 
was  acquired  in  the  public  schools,  the  school  of  the 
Christian  Brothers,  and  the  Brooklyn  Polytechnic  School. 

He  entered  the  navy  at  the  outbreak  of  the  Civil  War, 
and  served  well  and  faithfully,  both  during  that  trying 
period  and  afterwards, — when  peace  came, — on  our  own 
coast,  in  the  West  Indies,  in  Brazil,  and  on  the  East  India 
Station ;  beside  duty  at  navy-yards.  He  was  everywhere 
a  favorite,  on  account  of  his  cheerful,  modest,  and  unos- 
tentatious deportment,  as  well  as  for  the  zeal,  bravery, 
and  endurance  which  he  showed  on  all  occasions  which 
were  calculated  to  bring  forth  those  qualities, — and  they 
are  not  few,  even  in  the  ordinary  course  of  service.  Mel- 
ville was  made  engineer-in-chief  of  the  navy  and  chief  of 
the  Bureau  of  Steam-Faigineering  in  August,  1887,  and 
in  January,  1892,  was  recommissioned  in  the  same  office, 
with  the  entire  approbation  of  the  whole  navy,  as  well  as 
that  of  the  great  industrial  establishments  with  which  he 
necessarily  comes  in  contact  in  conducting  a  vast  business. 

As  an  instance  of  his  ability  to  accomplish  unusual 
feats,  and  his  capacity  for  extraordinary  effort,  we  may 
mention  the  fact  that  in  the  summer  of  1887  he  himself 
prepared  the  general  designs  of  the  machinery  of  five 
vessels  of  the  new  navy. 


272 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


COLONEL   HENRY  C.   MERRIAM,    U.S.A. 

Colonel  Henry  C.  Merriam  (Seventh  Infantry)  was 
born  at  Houlton,  Maine,  and  educated  at  Colby  Uni- 
versity with  degrees  of  A.B.  and  A.M.,  and  member 
of  the  American  Institute  of  Civics.  lie  entered  the 
volunteer  service  as  captain  Twentieth  Maine  Volunteers, 
and  mustered  into  service  August  29,  1862.  He  partici- 
pated in  the  battles  of  Antietam,  Shepardstown  Ford, 
and  Fredericksburg.  He  then  went  to  Louisiana  with 
General  Ullmann's  expedition,  March,  [863,  to  organize 
colored  troops,  and  served  with  them  to  the  end  of  the 
war,  commanding  the  oldest  of  all  the  colored  regiments, 
the  First  Louisiana  Native  Guards,  later  known  as  the 
Seventy-third  U.  S.  Colored  Infantry. 

Colonel  Merriam  participated  in  the  siege  of  Port 
Hudson,  where  the  colored  troops  gained  their  first 
distinction,  in  the  assault  of  May  27,  1863,  celebrated 
in  George  ILBokcr's  song,  "The  Charge  of  the  Black 
Brigade."  He  commanded  this  regiment  in  the  Mcjbile 
campaign  of  1865,  leading  the  assault  on  Fort  Blakely, 
April  0.  1865,  at  his  personal  request.  This  assault 
was  described  by  the  Confederate  commander,  Gen- 
eral Liddell,  as  follows:  "I  had  placed  my  very  best 
troops,  General  Cockrell's  Missouri  Veterans,  to  oppose 
the  colored  troops,  yet  they  were  first  to  break  my  lines, 
and  first  over  my  parapet."  This  was  the  last  assault  of 
the  war.  It  resulted  in  the  capture  of  more  than  six  thou- 
sand prisoners,  and  the  occupation  of  Mobile  with  all  its 
defences.  He  was  mustered  out  of  service  October  24, 
1S65,  and  resumed  the  stud}-  of  law.  He  was  appointed 
to  the  regular  army  as  major  Thirty-eighth  Infantry, 
July  28,  1866;  commanded  the  infantry  reserve  battalion 
during  Custer's  Indian  campaign  in  Kansas,  April  and 
May,  1867;  marched  for  New  Mexico  in  June;  pursued 
and  defeated  Kiowa  Indians  under  Satanta,  on  the  Upper 
Arkansas,  July  1 1  ;  commanding  expedition  against  In- 


dians and  captured  an  Apache  village,  in  the  Mogol- 
lon  Mountains,  June,  1869.  He  was  transferred  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Infantry  at  reorganization  of  the  army. 
While  in  command  at  Fort  Ringgold,  in  1873,  he  was 
operating  against  marauders  on  lower  Rio  Grande.  He 
commanded  at  Fort  Mcintosh  in  1876,  during  the  Diaz 
revolution  in  Mexico;  bombarded  Mexican  Federal  force 
of  Colonel  Pablo  Quintana,  April  10;  redressing  out- 
rages against  American  flag  and  citizens.  He  crossed 
the  Rio  Grande,  August  22,  and  rescued  U.  S.  com- 
mercial agent,  J.  J.  I  laines,  who  had  been  captured  by 
the  revolutionary  force  of  Colonel  Estrada. 

He  again  crossed  the  Rio  Grande  on  the  night  of 
September  6,  capturing  Nueva  Larado,  anil  holding  it 
in  military  possession  for  protection  of  American  mer- 
chants for  seven  days,  until  assurance  was  given  by 
responsible  Mexican  authorities  for  their  safety. 

Colonel  Merriam  had  been  promoted,  June  10,  1876, 
to  lieutenant-colonel  Second  Infantry,  but  was  retained 
by  the  War  Department  on  the  Mexican  border  until 
the  complications  arising  from  the  Mexican  revolution 
were  settled,  and  was  recommended  by  General  Ord  for 
a  brevet,  in  recognition  of  the  ability  and  energy  dis- 
played in  that  important  and  difficult  duty. 

He  joined  Second  Infantry  and  went  to  Idaho  during 
the  Nez  Perce  war  of  1877  ;  commanding  depot  of  sup- 
plies and  communications  at  Lewiston,  Idaho,  relieving 
General  Sully.  He  established,  planned  and  built  Fort 
Sherman,  Idaho,  1878-79;  commanding  battalion  in 
Bannock'  campaign,  1878;  established  Camp  Chelan, 
Washington  Territory,  1879;  established  Fort  Spokane, 
Washington  Territory,  1880.  While  in  command  of 
Port  Spokane,  1883-85,  planned  and  built  the  perma- 
nent post.  Accorded  special  credit  by  Generals  How- 
aid  and  Miles  for  administrative  ability  displayed  in 
building  Forts  Sherman  and  Spokane,  and  for  successful 
management  of  the  neighboring  tribes  ol  Indians,  re- 
sulting in  their  peaceful  settlement  on  the  Spokane  and 
Colville  Reservations;  promoted  to  colonel  Seventh  In- 
fantry July  10,  18X5  ;  in  command  of  Fort  Logan,  Colo- 
rado, from  1889  to  date  (1892);  commanding  all  troops 
operating  on  Cheyenne  River,  South  Dakota,  including 
Forts  Sully  and  Bennett,  during  General  Miles's  winter 
campaign  of  1890-91.  On  this  line  the  Sitting  Bull  In- 
dians were  intercepted  on  their  way  to  the  hostile  camp, 
after  the  killing  of  their  chief  on  Grand  River.  The)"  were 
successfully  disarmed  and  held  as  prisoners  to  the  num- 
ber of  two  hundred  and  twenty-seven. 

Colonel  Merriam  received  the  following  brevets-colonel 
U.  S.  Volunteers  "  for  faithful  and  meritorious  services  in 
the  Mobile  campaign  :"  lieutenant-colonel  U.  S.  Army 
"for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of 
Antietam  ;"  colonel  U.  S.  Army  "  for  conspicuous  gal- 
lantry in  the  capture  of  Fort  Blakely,  Alabama.' 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


273 


BRIGADIER-  AND  BREVET  MAJOR-GENERAL  WESLEY 
MERRITT.  U.S.A. 

Brigadier-  and  Brevet  Major-General  Wesley 
Merritt  was  born  in  New  York  December  1,  1836,  and 
graduated  from  the  Military  Academy  July  1,  i860,  when 
he  was  promoted  brevet  second  lieutenant  Second  Dra- 
goons, and  second  lieutenant  of  the  same  regiment 
January  28,  [861.  He  was  appointed  captain  of  the 
Second  Cavalry  April  5,  1862,  and  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers  June  29,  1863.  He  served  in  the  field  with 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  during  the  war  of  the  Rebel- 
lion, on  the  staff  of  General  Cooke,  until  September,  1 862, 
when  he  was  transferred  to  the  head-quarters  of  the 
defences  of  Washington  until  April,  1863;  he  again 
entered  the  field  as  an  aide-de-camp  for  General  Stone- 
man,  and  served  with  him  in  April  and  May  during  his 
raid  towards  Richmond  ;  rejoining  his  regiment,  he  com- 
manded it  in  the  cavalry  engagement  at  Beverly  Ford, 
where,  June  9,  1863,  the  national  forces  crossed  the  Rap- 
pahannock, surprised  the  enemy's  pickets,  and  main- 
tained for  hours  an  obstinate  battle  with  a  superior  force  ; 
he  narrowly  escaped  capture,  being  at  one  time  almost, 
if  not  quite,  surrounded  by  the  enemy;  he  won  the 
highest  commendation  from  General  Buforcl  for  con- 
spicuous gallantry  on  that  field  ;  commanded  regiment 
in  engagements  at  Upperville  and  Aldie,  and  was  as- 
signed to  the  command  of  the  Reserve  Cavalry  Brigade, 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  during  the  Pennsylvania  campaign. 

General  Merritt  succeeded  General  Buford  in  the  com- 
mand of  the  First  Division  of  Cavalry,  and  participated 
in  the  operations  in  Central  Virginia;  in  the  Richmond 
campaign  of  1864  ;  accompanied  General  Sheridan  on  the 
cavalry  raid  towards  Charlottesville,  and  in  the  battle 
of  Trevilian  Station  he  rescued  the  Third  Division  of 
Cavalry  from  impending  capture  when  almost  surrounded 
by  the  enemy.  He  was  transferred,  in  August,  1864, 
from  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  to  the  Shenandoah  Valley, 
where  he  arrived  about  the  8th.  I  lis  division  (First)  was 
then  composed  of  seventeen  regiments  of  cavalry,  organ- 
ized into  three  brigades  (commanded  by  Custer,  Devin, 
and  Gibbs),  and  two  batteries  of  artillery.  Then  came 
the  struggle  with  General  Farly's  army  for  the  posses- 
sion of  the  Valley,  during  which  General  Merritt  was 
continuously  employed  with  his  command,  and  at  the 
battle  of  Winchester,  where  the  turning  column  of  cavalry 
at  a  critical  moment,  when  the  result  of  the  battle  was 
uncertain,  repeatedly  charged  the  left  of  the  enemy's  line, 
and,  together  with  the  rallied  infantry,  swept  down  upon 
General  Early,  and  sent  him  whirling  through  Win- 
chester. The  affair  at  Cedarville,  near  Front  Royal  on 
the  Shenandoah,  was  a  brilliant  success  for  General  Mer- 
ritt, being  gained  unaided  and  against  odds ;  he  defeated 
General  Kershaw's  division  of  infantry  and  two  brigades 
of  cavalry  in  an  attempt  to  force  a  passage  of  the  Shen- 
35 


andoali,  and  inflicted  upon  the  enemy  a  loss  of  six  hundred 
men;  then  followed  the  movement  to  Front  Royal,  the 
engagement  at  Milford,  and  the  skilful  manoeuvring  of 
the  cavalry  in  front  of  Bunker  Hill,  until  the  Sixth  and 
Nineteenth  Corps  seized  an  advanced  position  in  front  of 
Fisher's  Hill,  which  they  held  until  the  Eighth  Corps 
turned  General  Early's  flank  and  forced  him  to  abandon 
his  fortifications,  when  the  cavalry  joined  the  pursuit;  and 
on  the  19th  of  October  General  Merritt  won  for  himself 
and  his  division  an  enduring  fame  at  the  battle  of  Cedar 
Creek,  where  he  confronted  the  enemy  from  the  first 
attack  in  the  morning  until  their  retreat  that  night,  and 
held  his  position  on  the  pike,  just  north  of  Middletown, 
all  da}',  although  entirely  unassisted  by  the  infantry,  until 
the  enemy  gave  up  the  contest,  when  he  charged  with  his 
cavalry,  and,  crossing  the  stream  below  the  bridge,  con- 
tinued the  pursuit  to  Fisher's  Hill,  capturing  and  retaking 
a  large  number  of  guns  and  colors  and  much  material  of 
war.  Then  followed  the  action  at  Middletown.  In  No- 
vember General  Merritt  was  detached,  with  his  division, 
to  the  east  side  of  the  Blue  Ridge,  by  the  way  of  Ashby's 
Gap,  to  operate  against  Mosby's  guerillas. 

He  was  in  command  of  the  cavalry  of  the  Army  of  the 
Shenandoah,  and  participated  in  all  the  attendant  actions 
of  1865,  resulting  in  the  surrender  of  Lee's  army,  and 
then  was  designated  as  one  of  the  three  commissioners 
to  carry  out  the  terms.  I  Ie  was  appointed  major-general 
of  volunteers,  and  was  brevetted  from  major  to  major- 
general  in  the  regular  army  for  his  gallantry. 

At  the  close  of  the  war  he  was  appointed  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  the  Ninth  Cavalry,  and  promoted  colonel  of 
the  Fifth  Cavalry,  and  served  with  much  distinction  in 
numerous  campaigns  and  actions  with  Indians  on  the 
frontier,  and  was  finally  rewarded  with  the  appointment 
of  brigadier-general,  U.  S.  Army,  April  16,  1887,  and  is  at 
present  in  command  of  the  Department  of  Dakota. 


2/4 


OFFICERS   OF  FHE  ARMY  AXD   XAYY  (regular, 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  EVAN   MILES,   U.S.A. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Evan  Miles  (Twenty-fifth  In- 
fantry) was  born  in  McVeytown,  Pennsylvania,  March 
28,  1838.  He  entered  the  regular  service  as  first  lieu- 
tenant of  the  Twelfth  Infantry  August  5,  1861,  and  was 
promoted  captain  January  jo,  1865.  He  served  at  Fort 
Hamilton  to  December  3,  1861  ;  and  was  on  regimental 
recruiting  service  to  June,  1862,  when  lie  was  returned 
to  duty  at  Fort  Hamilton,  New  York,  until  August, 
[862.  He  was  then  ordered  to  the  field,  serving  with 
the  Fifth  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  was  engaged 
in  the  battles  of  second  Bull  Run,  Antietam,  Fredericks- 
burg, Chancellorsville,  and  Gettysburg.  He  was  then, 
with  the  regular  division,  sent  to  New  York  during  the 
draft  riots  of  1863.  He  returned  to  the  field  with  his 
regiment  in  November,  1803,  and  was  placed  on  special 
duty,  in  charge  of  a  detachment  of  volunteer  cavalry,  to 
prevent  marauding,  and  to  arrest  stragglers,  from  May 
to  June,  1864,  after  having  participated  in  the  battle  of 
tlie  Wilderness.  He  was  engaged  at  the  battle  of  the 
Weldoii  Railroad  as  volunteer  aide  to  General  Ayres, 
August  iS,  19,  and  21;  and  Peeble's  Farm,  September 
30  and  October  1,  1864.  His  regiment  was  then  trans- 
ferred to  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  where  he  served  with  it  to  Feb- 
ruary, 1865,  having  been  promoted  captain  Jan.  20,  1S65. 

Captain  Miles  was  brevetted  captain  August  18,  1864, 
"  for  gallant  services  during  the  operations  on  the 
Weldon  Railroad,  Virginia." 

After  a  tour  of  duty  at  Washington,  D.  C,  the  captain 
was  ordered  to  the  Pacific  coast  with  his  regiment,  he 
having  been  transferred  to  the  Twenty-first  Infantry,  and 
served  .it  different  stations  in  Arizona  and  the  Depart- 
ment of  the  Columbia,  to  September  8,  1883.  lie  was 
in  the  field  operating  against  the  hostile  Nez  Perce  In- 
dians, commanding  six   companies  of  the  Twenty-first 


Infantry,  one  of  the  Eighth,  and  one  of  the  Twelfth,  and 
was  honorably  mentioned  by  the  commanding  general 
of  the  Department  of  the  Columbia,  for  gallantry  and 
efficiency  during  the  battle  of  Clearwater,  Idaho,  on  the 
Ilth  and  1 2th  of  July,  1877.  lie  commanded  seven 
companies  of  the  Twenty-first  Infantry,  two  companies 
of  the  Fourth  Artillery,  and  one  troop  of  the  First  Cav- 
alry, in  the  field  operating  against  the  hostile  Bannock- 
Piute  Indians;  with  this  command  he  attacked  and 
defeated  them  near  Umatilla  Agency,  Oregon,  July  13, 
1878,  for  which  he  was  honorably  mentioned  by  the 
department  commander,  by  members  of  Congress,  by 
the  Governor  of  Washington  Territory,  and  citizens  of 
LTmatilla,  Oregon,  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  for  his 
efficient  services. 

While  serving  in  the  Twenty-first  Infantry,  Major  Miles 
was  very  energetic  in  endeavoring  to  have  canteens  (or 
what  is  now  termed  post  exchange)  established  in  the 
army,  as  the  following  extract  from  the  report  of  Colonel 
H.  A.  Morrow,  Twenty-first  Infantry,  to  the  adjutant- 
general  U.  S.  Army,  dated  Fort  Sidney,  Nebraska, 
December  31,  1889,  shows: 

"  In  closing  this  brief  history  of  the  canteen  in  the 
American  service,  and  particularly  of  its  operations  at 
Fort  Sydney,  I  should  lie  unjust  to  myself  if  I  did  not 
acknowledge  my  obligations  to  certain  officers  of  the 
Twenty-first  Infantry  for  many  valuable  recommenda- 
tions and  suggestions. 

"  Captain  Evan  Miles,  then  of  the  Twenty-first  In- 
fantry, by  his  zealous  co-operation  and  faithful  anil  intel- 
ligent administration  of  the  affairs  of  the  Twenty-first 
Infantry  Canteen,  deserves,  perhaps,  a  larger  share  of 
credit  than  any  other  officer  for  making  a  great  success 
of  what  was  at  first  an  experiment." 

Captain  Miles  was  also  a  zealous  officer  on  the  subject 
ot  target  practice  in  the  army.  He  was  superintendent 
of  it  at  Fort  Vancouver  from  1877  to  1884;  was  range 
officer  at  Fort  Sidney,  Nebraska,  in  1885-86;  was  ex- 
ecutive-officer of  the  division  rifle  competition.  Division 
of  the  Pacific,  in  1880 ;  was  commander  of  camp  ami 
executive-officer  of  the  Department  of  the  Platte  Rifle 
Competition,  in  1882  ;  was  in  charge  of  the  Department 
of  Dakota  Rifle  Competition  in  1888;  commanded  the 
Department  of  Dakota  Rifle  Camp,  and  in  charge  of 
competition,  in  1889;  and  commanded  the  Division  of 
the  Missouri  Rifle  Camp  the  same  year. 

Captain  Miles  was  promoted  major  of  the  Twenty-fifth 
Infantry  April  24,  1888,  and,  upon  joining  in  the  Depart- 
ment of  Dakota,  was  detailed  as  inspector  of  rifle  prac- 
tice at  the  head-quarters,  which  he  retained  until 
December,  1890,  when  he  joined  his  regiment  at  Fort 
Missoula,  Montana,  his  present  station.  He  was  pro- 
moted lieutenant-colonel  April  2],,  iS92,and  assigned  to 
the  Twentieth  Infantry. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


MAJOR-GENERAL  NELSON  A.  MILES,    U.S.A. 

Major-General  Nelson  A.  Miles  was  born  in  West- 
minster, Massachusetts,  August  8,  1839.  He  entered  the 
volunteer  service  dining  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  as  cap- 
tain of  the  Twenty-second  Massachusetts  Infantry  Sep- 
tember 9,  1 861,  from  which  he  was  honorably  mustered 
out  May  31,  1862,  to  accept  the  lieutenant-colonelcy  of 
the  Sixty-first  New  York  Infantry. 

He  was  promoted  colonel  of  the  same  regiment  Sep- 
tember 30,  1862;  appointed  brigadier-general  of  volun- 
teers Ma}'  12,  1864,  and  major-general  of  volunteers 
October  21,  1865. 

General  Miles  served  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
during  the  Manassas,  Peninsula,  Northern  Virginia, 
Maryland,  Rappahannock,  Pennsylvania,  Mine  Run, 
Wilderness,  Petersburg,  and  Appomattox  campaigns,  and 
was  engaged  in  all  the  battles  of  the  Army  of  the  Poto- 
mac, with  one  exception,  up  to  the  surrender  of  General 
Lee,  with  the  Confederate  Army,  at  Appomattox  Court- 
House,  April  9,  1865,  and  was  wounded  three  times 
during  the  war. 

He  was  honorably  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  ser- 
vice September  1,  [866,  having  been  appointed  colonel 
of  the  Fortieth  V.  S.  Infantry  July  28,  1866,  and  he  was 
brevetted  brigadier-general  March  2,  1867,  for  "  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville, 
Virginia,"  and  brevet  major-general  March  2,  1867,  for 
"  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  Spott-  I 
sylvania,  Virginia."  He  was  also  brevetted  major-general 
of  volunteers  August  25,  1864,  for  "highly  meritorious 
and  distinguished  conduct  throughout  the  campaign,  and 
particularly  for  gallantry  and  valuable  services  at  the 
battle  of  Ream's  Station,  Virginia." 

General  Miles's  service  since  the  war  has  been  of  note, 
to  which  many  of  the  nomadic  tribes  of  the  great  West 
could  readily  testify.  He  was  transferred  to  the  Fifth 
Infantry  as  colonel  March  15,  1869,  and  joined  that  regi- 
ment shortly  afterwards,  making  a  history  for  it  in  the 
annals  of  the  country.  He  defeated  the  Cheyenne, 
Kiowa,  and  Comanche  Indians  on  the  borders  of  the 
Staked  Plains  in  1875,  and  in  1876  subjugated  the  hostile 
Sioux  and  other  Indians  in  Montana,  driving  Sitting  Bull 
across  the  Canada  frontier,  and  breaking  up  the  bands 
that  were  led  by  him  and  by  Crazy  Horse,  Lame  Deer, 
Spotted  Eagle,  Broad  Trail,  Hump,  and  others.  In  Sep- 
tember he  captured  the  Nez  Perces,  under  Chief  Joseph, 


in  Northern  Montana,  and  in  1878  captured  a  band  of 
Bannocks  near  the  Yellowstone  Park.  After  a  difficult 
campaign  against  the  Apaches  under  Geronimo  and 
Natchez,  he  compelled  those  chiefs  to  surrender  on  Sep- 
tember 4,  1886. 

He  received  the  thanks  of  the  Legislatures  of  Kansas, 
Montana,  New  Mexico,  and  Arizona  for  services  in  cam- 
paigns against  the  Indians  in  the  West,  and  the  citizens 
of  Arizona  presented  him  a  sword  of  honor  at  Tucson 
on  November  8,  1887,  in  the  presence  of  a  large  gather- 
ing of  citizens  of  the  Territory. 

General  Miles  was  appointed  a  brigadier-general  in  the 
U.  S.  Army  December  15,  1880,  and  was  assigned  to  the 
command  of  the  Department  of  the  Columbia;  from  this 
he  was  transferred  to  command  the  Department  of  the 
Missouri  in  July,  1885.  In  April,  1886,  he  was  ordered 
to  command  the  Department  of  Arizona,  and  he  remained 
in  that  department  until  ordered  to  command  the  Divi- 
sion of  the  Pacific  in  1888.  He  was  appointed  major- 
general,  U.  S.  Army,  April  5,  1890,  and  ordered  to 
command  the  Military  Division  of  the  Missouri  at 
Chicago,  Illinois. 

In  the  winter  of  1890-01  an  Indian  war  of  considerable 
magnitude  seemed  imminent  in  the  Dakotas  and  other 
Western  States.  General  Miles  took  the  field  in  person, 
and  proceeded  to  Pine  Ridge  Agency,  the  scene  of  the 
greatest  trouble.  By  his  disposition  of  troops  and  clear 
judgment  a  serious  war  was  averted. 


2jG 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


LIEUTENANT-COMMANDER    FREDERICK  A.  MILLER, 
U.S.N,   (retired). 

Lieutenant-Commander  Frederick.  A.  Miller  was 
born  in  Maryland,  June  12,  1843,  and  was  educated  at 
Episcopal  Academy,  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  and  at 
the  Military  Academy  at  Port  Chester,  alter  which  he- 
entered  Trinity  College,  but,  being  rusticated,  went  to 
sea.  When  the  Civil  War  broke  out  he  was  in  Peru, 
and,  hastening  home,  was  offered  a  position  in  the  Pacific 
Mail  Company  and  an  appointment  to  the  Naval  Acad- 
emy. Thinking  the  war  would  be  short,  and  wishing  to 
see  service,  he  preferred  to  volunteer,  and  was  made  a 
master's  mate  September  11,  [861.  This  was  changed 
to  an  appointment  as  acting  master's  mate  a  ^w  days 
later.  For  three  months  was  under  instructions  at 
Washington,  and  was  then  ordered  to  the  "  Tuscarora," 
and  made  drill-master  of  her  1  1 -inch  gun.  Went  to  the 
European  Station  in  that  ship,  on  the  lookout  for  Con- 
federate privateers.  She  blockaded  the  "  Nashville"  in 
Southampton,  and  the  "Sumter"  at  Gibraltar.  Chased 
the  "  Alabama,"  and  came  near  catching  her  on  the 
west  coast  of  England.  By  her  presence  she  destroyed 
the  availability  of  Madeira  and  the  Azores  as  recruiting 
stations  for  these  vessels. 

Upon  his  return  to  the  United  States  he  was  made- 
acting  ensign,  and  ordered  to  the  "  Princess  Royal." 
In  her  he  served  at  Donaldsonville,  when  the  Confeder- 
ates, under  Generals  Green  and  Monton,  were  prevented 


from  capturing  Fort  Butler  and  crossing  the  Mississippi. 
He  received  the  warm  commendation  of  his  command- 
ing officer  for  his  gallant  behavior  on  this  occasion,  and 
reported  that  much  of  the  success  in  repulsing  five 
thousand  of  the  enemy  with  artillery  was  due  to  the 
spirited  manner  in  which  he  commanded  the  9-inch  gun 
of  the  "  Princess  Royal." 

After  this  he  was  promoted  to  acting  master,  and 
served  on  board  the  "Arizona"  when  that  vessel  was 
burned  off  Poverty  Point.  Mississippi  River,  leaving  her 
in  the  last  boat.  lie  was  then  ordered  to  superintend 
her  wrecking.  After  this  he  applied  for  and  was  ordered 
to  the  "  Cincinnati." 

In  this  vessel  he  bore  part  in  the  operations  against 
Spanish  Fort  and  the  defences  of  Mobile,  and  in  the 
surrender  of  that  city.  Was  then  employed,  under  Cap- 
tain Crosby,  in  sweeping  for  torpedoes  in  the  bay.  These 
were  so  numerous  that  the  monitor  "Milwaukee,"  case- 
mate iron-clad  "  ( >sage,"  tin-clad  "  Rudolph,"  tug  "  Al- 
thaea," and  tug  "  Ida"  were  all  destroyed  by  them;  and 
his  own  boat,  the  "  Cincinnati's"  launch,  was  also  blown 
up  and  had  three  of  her  crew  killed.  At  the  moment  he- 
was  on  board  an  abandoned  rebel  torpedo-boat.  During 
his  service  on  board  the  "  Cincinnati"  she  convoyed 
General  Steele's  division  to  Selma,  Alabama,  and  was 
present  at  the  surrender  of  the  Confederate  flotilla  at 
Nauna  Hubba  Bluff,  on  the  Tombigbee. 

After  the  war  he  served  on  the  European  Station, 
the  South  Atlantic,  and  the  Pacific  Station.  Then  in 
the  North  Atlantic,  and  again  in  the  Pacific,  besides 
going  to  the  French  Exposition  in  the  "  Portsmouth," 
and  round  the  world  in  the  "  Ticonderoga."  Then  had 
shore  duty  at  Boston,  New  York,  and  New  Orleans,  and 
in  the  Bureau  of  Equipment  at  Washington. 

March  12,  1868,  was  made  an  ensign  in  the  regular 
navy,  and  made  lieutenant  in  1870.  Lieutenant-com- 
mander in  1882;  and,  after  being  some  time  on  sick- 
leave,  was  retired,  with  that  rank,  November  30,  1885. 

Lieutenant-Commander  Miller  is  the  author  of  several 
valuable  articles  ;  among  others,  one  upon  "  The  Advan- 
tages of  Entering  the  Naval  Service;"  and  an  "Address 
to  American  Seamen,"  which  was  published  by  the 
Bureau  of  Equipment  and  Recruiting,  Navy  Department. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Board  which  revised  the 
Equipment  Allowance  Hook,  and  also  wrote  several 
reports  upon  the  Naval  Apprentice  System. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


-// 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  ANSON  MILLS,  U.S.A. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Anson  Mills  (Fourth  Cavalry) 
was  born  in  Boone  Count}-,  Indiana,  August  31,  1S34. 
He  was  a  cadet  at  the  Military  Academy  from  July  1, 
1855,  to  February  18,  1857.  He  then  went  to  Texas  and 
taught  school  in  McKinney,  Collin  County,  Texas,  1857 
and  1858,  studying  law  during  the  time  with  Colonel 
R.  L.  Waddell,  the  district  judge  of  that  district. 

During  the  winter  of  1858-59,  in  anticipation  of  the 
construction  of  the  Memphis,  El  Paso,  and  Pacific  Rail- 
road, he  projected  and  surveyed  the  present  city  of  El 
Paso,  Texas,  the  plat  of  which  is  now  in  use. 

Surveyor  for  the  State  of  Texas  on  the  boundary  sur- 
vey between  Texas  and  New  Mexico,  1859. 

In  February,  1 86 1,  on  the  submission  to  the  popular 
vote  of  the  State  of  the  question  of  separation  from  the 
Union,  he  cast  one  of  the  lonely  two  votes  in  the  county 
of  El  Paso  "  against  separation,"  against  nine  hundred 
and  eighty-five  "  for  separation." 

At  the  commencement  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  he 
was  a  sergeant  of  the  Clay  Guards,  Washington  Volun- 
teers, from  March  to  May,  when  he  entered  the  regular 
service  as  first  lieutenant  of  the  Eighteenth  Infantry,  and 
was  ordered  on  recruiting  and  mustering  duty  in  Ohio  to 
February,  1862,  when  he  joined  a  detachment  of  the 
three  battalions  of  his  regiment  at  Nashville,  Tennessee. 
He  participated  in  the  Corinth,  Chickamauga,  and  At- 
lanta campaigns  with  the  Army  of  the  West,  and  was 
engaged  in  the  battles  of  Corinth,  Mississippi;  Stone 
River,  Tennessee  ;  Hoover's  ( Jap,  Chickamauga,  Georgia  ; 
Missionary  Ridge.Tennessee;  Resaca,  New  Llope  Church, 
Kenesaw  Mountain,  Neal  Dow  Station,  Utoy  Creek,  At- 
lanta (where  he  was  wounded),  and  Jonesborough,  Geor- 
gia;  Nashville,  Tennessee,  and  Decatur,  Alabama.  He 
was  then  on  recruiting  duty  from  Feb.  to  Nov.,  1865. 

Inventor  of  the  looped,  or  woven,  cartridge-belt  for 
metallic  cartridges,  adopted  by  the  U.  S.  Army. 

lie  was  brcvetted  captain  December  31,  1862,  for"  gal- 
lant and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  Murfrees- 
borough,  Tennessee;"  major,  September  1,  1864,  for 
"  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  Chick- 
amauga, Georgia,  and  during  the  Atlanta  campaign  ;"  and 
lieutenant-colonel  December  16,  1S64,  for  "gallant  and 
meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  Nashville.Tennessee." 

Lieutenant  Mills  served  as  adjutant  of  the  Eighteenth 
Infantry  from  February  to  October,  1862  ;  was  acting 
commissary  of  subsistence  of  the  Regular  Brigade  to 
April,  1863,  and  was  acting  inspector-general  of  the  Dis- 
trict of  Etowa  in  1864. 

Member  of  the  Board  of  Visitors  to  the  U.  S.  Military 
Academy  from  Texas,  June,  1866. 

Colonel  Mills  was  en  route  in  command  of  troops  in 
Kansas  in  1865,  and  commanded  Fort  Bridget-,  Wyoming, 
from  November,  1866,  to  September,  1867,  and  then  was 


stationed  at  Fort  Sedgwick,  Colorado,  and  other  posts 
from  1867  to  1876.  He  was  transferred  to  the  Third 
Cavalry  December  31,  1870,  and  participated  in  various 
Indian  expeditions,  particularly  the  one  against  Sitting 
Bull's  band  of  hostile  Sioux  Indians  in  1876-77.  It  was 
on  this  campaign  that  General  Crook's  command,  on  the 
Hart  River,  about  one  hundred  and  eighty  miles  from 
the  nearest  point  of  supplies,  gave  out  of  rations,  and  on 
the  march  to  Deadwood,  North  Dakota,  subsisted  alone 
on  the  broken-down  cavalry  horses.  In  order  to  facilitate 
the  getting  of  supplies,  one  hundred  and  fifty  picked  men 
of  the  Third  Cavalry  were  detailed  to  go  forward  as 
rapidly  as  possible  ami  send  out  supplies  to  meet  the 
troops.  Colonel  Mills  was  given  the  command  of  this 
force,  and  starting  south,  with  Frank  Gruard,  the  scout, 
as  his  guide,  he  marched  from  camp  in  the  midst  of  a 
cold,  disagreeable  rain,  and  proceeded,  without  a  road  or 
trail  to  guide  him,  through  a  night  as  black  as  ink,  and 
the  following  day,  until  his  scout  informed  him  that  he 
was  in  the  neighborhood  of  an  Indian  village.  Colonel 
Mills  halted  his  command  until  daylight  next  day,  and 
charged  the  village,  driving  therefrom  every  Indian,  and 
held  the  ground  until  General  Crook  came  upon  the  field 
with  the  entire  command.  This  was  the  capture  of  the 
village  at  Slim  Butter. 

Military  attache  to  the  International  Imposition  at 
Paris,  France,  1878. 

Colonel  Mills  was  promoted  major  of  the  Tenth  Cav- 
alry April  4,  1878,  and  was  stationed  at  posts  in  Texas. 
After  a  tour  of  duty  in  Arizona,  from  1885  to  1888,  he 
was  at  Fort  Bliss,  Texas,  surveying  an  international  dam 
and  reservoir  of  his  own  projection  in  the  Rio  Grande 
at  El  Paso  del  Norte.  He  was  promoted  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  the  Fourth  Cavalry  March  25,  1890,  and  is 
stationed  in  command  of  his  regiment  at  Fort  Walla 
Walla,  Washington. 


278 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN  AND  BRFAFT  MAJOR  WILLIAM  HOWARD 
MILLS,  U.S.A.  (resigned). 

Captain  and  Bre\  et  Major  William  Howard  Mills 
was  born  at  Bangor,  Maine,  April  8,  1838.  At  the  out- 
break of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  he  was  in  business 
at  St.  Louis,  and  was  appointed  from  Missouri  a  first 
lieutenant  of  the  Fourteenth  I".  S.  Infantry  March  6,  1862. 

He  was  appointed  a  captain  by  brevet,  in  the  army  of 
the  United  States,  "  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services 
at  the  battles  of  Chancellorsville,  Virginia,  and  Gettys- 
burg, Pennsylvania,  to  date  from  July  3,  1863,"  and  a 
major  by  brevet,  "  for  meritorious  services  in  the  cam- 
paign terminating  with  the  surrender  of  the  insurgent 
Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  to  date  from  April  9,  1865 

He  was  appointed  adjutant  of  the  First  Battalion — 
eight  companies — of  his  regiment  January  10,  1865,  and 
received  "  the  thanks  of  the  commanding  officer  for  the 
able  and  efficient  manner  in  which  he  performed  his 
duties  as  adjutant,"  "having  been  officially  informed  of 
his  promotion  to  a  captaincy,"  to  date  from  December 
j^.  [865,  at  Fort  Yuma,  California,  June  30,  1866. 

The  Fourteenth  Infantry,  having  been  placed  at  the 
head  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  by  Major-General 
Meade  upon  the  day  of  its  grand  parade  through  the 
city  of  Richmond,  upon  arrival  at  the  pontoon  bridges 
over  the  James  River  to  Manchester,  received  orders  to 
remain  in  the  city  for  duty,  and  he  was  selected  by 
Brigadier-General  M.  R.  Patrick, provost-marshal-general, 
to  "  proceed  at  once  to  Danville,  for  the  purpose  of  car- 
rying out  certain  verbal  instructions."  Having  been 
directed  to  call  upon   Brevet   Brigadier-General  Thomas 


W.  Hyde,  colonel  of  the  First  Maine  (Veteran)  Infantry, 
stationed  there,  for  such  assistance  as  might  be  needed, 
the  general  courteously  placed  the  entire  regiment, 
including  himself,  at  his  disposal.  With  a  carefully- 
selected  corporal's  guard,  he  received  a  large  sum  of 
money  that  had  been  taken  from  Union  prisoners  while 
in  confinement  there. 

He  was  then  appointed  assistant  commissary  of  mus- 
ters by  Major-General  Ord,  commanding  the  Depart- 
ment of  Virginia  and  Army  of  the  James,  and  ordered 
to  report  to  Brevet  Major-General  Miles,  commanding 
the  District  of  Fort  Monroe,  for  the  purpose  of  estab- 
lishing a  large  muster-out  camp.  General  Miles,  after 
announcing  him  upon  his  staff,  left  the  rest  to  him. 

Such  mutually-advantageous  arrangements  were  made 
with  Assistant-Surgeon  Ely  McClellan,  U.S.A.,  in  charge 
of  the  general  hospital  at  Fort  Monroe,  for  the  issuance, 
cooking,  and  serving  of  rations, — more  than  rations, — 
that  the  thousands  of  survivors,  who  there  answered  to 
the  last  roll-call  by  the  government's  representative  and 
received  honorable  discharge  from  the  military  service, 
cannot  have  forgotten  the  pleasures  of  Camp  McClellan. 

In  September,  by  command  of  Lieutenant-General 
Grant,  he  joined  his  regiment  at  Hart's  Island,  New 
York  harbor,  and  soon  afterwards  proceeded  with  it  to 
California.  He  served  as  regimental  and  post  adjutant 
at  the  Presidio  of  San  Francisco,  was  stationed  awhile 
at  Drum  Barracks,  Wilmington,  and  made  the  march 
across  the  desert  to  Fort  Yuma. 

Upon  his  promotion  to  the  rank  of  captain,  by  direc- 
tion of  Brevet  Major-General  McDowell,  commanding 
the  Department  of  California,  he  was  placed  in  charge 
of  the  depot  of  supplies — for  the  District  of  Arizona — at 
Fort  Yuma,  at  a  time  when  the  supplies  were  nearly 
exhausted  at  all  the  posts,  anil,  when  ordered  to  join  his 
company  at  Fort  McDowell,  Arizona,  in  the  following 
January,  left  quartermaster  and  commissar}-  stores  suffi- 
cient for  six  months  at  every  post  in  the  district. 

In  the  fall  of  1S67  he  was  directed  by  the  department 
commander  to  establish,  witli  two  companies  of  infantry, 
a  new  post,  at  a  place  northeast  from  Fort  McDowell, 
"  in  the  midst  of  the  hostile  Apaches,  and  inaccessible  to 
wagons." 

After  considerable  opposition  and  several  attacks  by 
the  Indians,  the  post  was  established,  but  soon  aban- 
doned on  account  of  the  difficulty  of  getting  supplies 
over  mountains  where,  when  the  best  road  possible  was 
constructed,  wagons  had  to  be  let  down  with  ropes. 

Major  Mills  resigned  his  commission  December  12, 
[868,  and  was  at  the  time  of  this  publication  .1  resident 
of  Washington,  D.  C. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


2/9 


CAPTAIN  GEORGE    MITCHELL,   U.S.A. 

Captain  George  Mitchell  (Second  Artillery)  was 
born  in  Ireland  March  1 1,  1845.  At  the  commencement 
of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  he  was  a  student  at  the 
Collegiate  and  Commercial  Institute,  New  Haven,  Con- 
necticut, lie  entered  the  volunteer  service  as  first 
sergeant  of  Company  B,  Fifty-seventh  New  York  In- 
fantry, September  24,  1861,  and  was  promoted  second 
lieutenant  of  that  regiment  January  24,  1862.  He  served 
during  the  war  with  the  Third  Brigade,  First  Division, 
Second  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  acting  as 
aide  and  assistant  adjutant-general  of  the  consolidated 
brigade  before  Petersburg,  Virginia,  and  aide  to  General 
Neill,  in  the  summer  of  1865.  He  was  wounded  at  the 
battle  of  Fair  <  )aks,  Virginia,  June  1,  1862.  He  was 
promoted  first  lieutenant  August  2,  1 862,  and  appointed 
major  Nov.  15,  1864.  He  was  honorably  mustered  out 
of  service  November,  1S64.  He  re-entered  the  volunteer 
service  as  first  lieutenant  and  adjutant  Seventh  Regiment 
U.  S.  Veteran  Volunteers  June 9,  1865,  and  was  promoted 
to  captain  September  27,  1865.  He  was  again  mustered 
out  of  the  volunteer  service  April  24,  1866. 

Captain  Mitchell  was  brevetted  major  and  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  volunteers  March  13,  1865. 

He  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  of  the  Thirteenth 
U.  S.  Infantry  April  30,  1866;  was  transferred  to  the 
Thirty-first  Infantry  September  21,  1866.  He  was  pro- 
moted first  lieutenant  June  IO,  1868,  and  became  un- 
assigned  May  15,  1869,  upon  the  consolidation  of  regi- 
ments. 

On  December  15,   1870,  Lieutenant  Mitchell  was  as- 


signed to  the  Second  Artillery,  and  was  regimental  adju- 
tant from  May  21,  1875,  to  March  24,  1877,  and  from 
January  24,  1881,  to  March  22,  1885. 

Captain  Mitchell  served  at  Forts  Rice,  Buford,  Aber- 
crombie,  and  Sully,  Dakota,  from  1866  to  1871  ;  at 
Sitka,  Alaska,  in  1871-72;  at  the  Presidio  of  San 
Francisco  in  1872  ;  Fort  McHenry,  1872-74;  at  Charles- 
ton, South  Carolina,  1874-75;  at  Fort  McHenry,  1875 
to  1877;  Fort  Foote,  Maryland,  1877-78;  Fort  Monroe, 
Virginia,  1S78  to  1880  ;  at  Washington  Barracks,  District 
of  Columbia,  1880  to  1885  ;  at  St.  Francis  Barracks, 
Florida,  to  18S9;  and  at  Fort  Adams,  Rhode  Island, 
from  1889  to  present  date. 


2. SO 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  JR.VV  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


COLONEL  HENRY   R.   MIZNER.    U.S.A.  (retired). 

Colonel  Henry  R.  Mizner  was  born  in  Geneva,  New 
York,  August  i,  1827.  He  entered  the  service  from 
civil  life,  having  been  appointed  a  captain  in  the  Eigh- 
teenth LT.  S.  Infantry  May  14,  1861,  and  was  employed 
on  recruiting  duty,  and  mustering  and  disbursing  offii  er, 
quartermaster  and  commissary  for  the  State  of  Michigan 
to  October,  1861,  and  continued  on  recruiting  duty  to 
May,  1862,  when  he  joined  his  regiment  in  the  field  with 
the  Western  army,  participating  in  the  battle  of  Perry- 
ville,  Kentucky,  October  8,  [862,  pursuit  of  the  rebel 
General  Bragg,  and  the  battle  of  Stone  River,  Tennessee. 

He  was  appointed  colonel  of  the  Fourteenth  Michigan 
Infantry  Volunteers  December  22,  [862,  and  served  with 
the  Western  armies  to  the  close  of  the  Atlanta  campaign. 
He  commanded  the  regiment  as  mounted  infantry, 
securing  horses  from  the  country,  being  furnished  cav- 
alry equipments,  revolvers,  and  one  hundred  Spencer 
rifles,  and  employed  in  scouting  duty  in   Tennessee. 

At  Jonesborough,  Georgia,  September  1,  1864,  the 
Fourteenth  Michigan  charged  the  earthworks  on  the  run, 
capturing  with  the  bayonet  Swett's  Battery  of  Cleburne's 
division,  Hardee's  corps;  four  twelve-pounder  Napoleon 
guns;  Brigadier-General  D.  C.  Govan  (with  the  sword  of 
Major  Sidney  Cooledge,  Sixteenth  U.S.  Infantry,  lost  at 
Chickamauga) ;  Captain  Williams,  assistant  adjutant- 
general;  Major  Weeks,  Second  Arkansas;  the  battle- 
flag  of  the  First  Arkansas,  and  three  hundred  other  pris- 
oners. 

Major- General   Jefferson    C.    Davis,    commanding   the 


Fourteenth  Corps,  referring  to  the  Fourteenth  Michigan 
Infantry  Volunteers,  wrote  the  Secretary  of  War  as  fol- 
lows : 

"  Colonel  Mizner  and  regiment  joined  my  command 
early  in  the  campaign  against  Atlanta,  and  served  with 
distinction  to  its  close.  This  regiment  was  one  of  the 
best  in  the  corps  under  my  command,  and  upon  every 
occasion  where  the  enemy  was  met  invariably  signalized 
its  courage  and  discipline.  In  the  assault  of  the  corps 
upon  the  enemy's  works  at  Jonesborough,  which  resulted 
in  the  fall  of  Atlanta,  the  colors  of  this  regiment  were 
among  the  first  carried  over  the  works.  Colonel  Mizner 
had  been  long  in  command  of  this  regiment,  and  without 
doubt  much  was  due  his  exertion  and  skill  in  promoting 
that  excellent  discipline  and  spirit  of  gallantry  for  which 
his  regiment  was  conspicuous  throughout  the  war. 
Colonel  Mizner's  personal  bearing  on  the  field  was  no 
less  conspicuous  than  that  of  his  regiment." 

At  the  close  of  the  war  he  was  honored  with  the  brevet 
of  major  U.  S.  Army  for  "gallant  and  meritorious  ser- 
vices in  the  battle  of  Stone  River;"  brevet  lieutenant- 
colonel  for  "gallant  and  meritorious  services  during  the 
Atlanta  campaign,  and  in  the  battle  of  Jonesborough, 
Georgia;"  brevet  brigadier-general  volunteers  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  during  the  war. 

He  was  transferred  to  the  Thirty-sixth  U.  S.  Infantry 
September  21,  1866,  and  ordered  to  duty  on  the  plains 
in  Wyoming,  locating  and  constructing  Fort  Sanders, 
Wyoming,  1866-67;  and  at  Fort  Bridger,  Wyoming, 
from  April,  1866,  to  April,  1869. 

He  was  promoted  major  of  the  Twentieth  Infantry 
February  22,  1869,  and  transferred  to  the  Twelfth  In- 
fantry March  15,  1869;  again  transferred  to  Eighth 
Infantry  May  14,  1877. 

He  was  on  duty  in  California  and  Arizona  from  April , 
1869,  to  .August,  1880,  participating  in  the  Bannock  In- 
dian campaign  in  (  Ircgon  and  Washington,  July  to  Sep- 
tember, 1878;  acting  chief  commissary  Department  of 
Arizona,  from  November,  1877,  to  March,  1878  ;  at  Fort 
Porter,  New  York,  from  March,  1881,  to  June  1,  1884; 
at  Fort  Union,  New  Mexico,  June  5,  1884,  to  August 
10,  1885;  Fort  Stanton,  New  Mexico,  1885;  at  Fort 
D.  A.  Russell,  Wyoming,  from  February  9,  188S,  to 
May,  1 89 1. 

Colonel  Mizner  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel  of  the 
Tenth  Infantry  December  15,  1880,  and  colonel  of  the 
Seventeenth  Infantry  January  2,  1S88,  and  retired  Au- 
gust 1,  1 89 1. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


2SI 


COLONEL  J.   KEMP   M1ZNER,  U.S.A. 

Colonel  J.  Kemp  Mizner  (Tenth  Cavalry)  entered  the 
army  as  a  graduate  from  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy 
July  I,  1856,  and  was  assigned  as  a  brevet  second  lieu- 
tenant to  the  Second  Dragoons.  He  reached  a  cap- 
taincy in  the  same  regiment  November  12,  1861,  and 
on  March  7,  1862,  was  appointed  colonel  of  the  Third 
Michigan  Cavalry,  joining  Pope's  command  at  New 
Madrid,  Missouri ;  he  moved  with  that  army  to  Ham- 
burg Landing,  on  the  Tennessee  River,  in  April,  1862. 

He  commanded  a  brigade  of  cavalry  from  May  20,  in 
front  of  Corinth,  and  during  the  subsequent  pursuit  of 
the  enemy;  and  continued  to  cover  the  front  of  the  troops 
near  Corinth  until  late  in  June.      Early  in   July   he  was 
sent  with   his  brigade  to  occupy  the  line  of  the  Mem- 
phis and  Charleston  Railroad,  from  Iuka,  Mississippi,  to 
Decatur,  Alabama,  having    an    independent    command, 
and  reporting  direct  to  General  \V.  S.  Rosecrans,  com- 
manding the  Army  of  the  Mississippi.     He  was  appointed 
chief  of  cavalry  of  the  Army  of  the  Mississippi,  and  com- 
manded the   Cavalry   Division   of   that   army   in   all   its 
operations  in  Northern  Mississippi,  and  in  the  battles  of 
Iuka,  September  19,  and  the  battle  of  Corinth,  October 
3  and  4,  1862,  both  of  which  were  brilliant  victories  for 
our  army.     Colonel  Mizner  moved  from   Corinth  to  La 
Grange,  Tennessee,   with  troops   under   General   Giant, 
and    took   part  in    the    campaign    against    Pemberton's 
rebel    troops,  to    Grenada,   Mississippi,    November    and 
December,  1S62.      He  commanded  a  cavalry  brigade  at 
Jackson,  Tennessee,  during  January,  1863,  and  later,  all 
the  cavalry  in  the  left  wing  of  the  Sixteenth  Army  Corps, 
under  Major-General  R.  J.  Oglesby,  at  La  Grange,  and 
then  all  the  troops  serving  on  the  line  of  the  Memphis 
and  Charleston  Railroad,  from  White's  Station  to  Grand 
Junction,   including  a   division  of   cavalry  of  nine   regi- 
ments, organized  into  three  brigades,  until  midsummer, 
1863.     Later,  and  after  this,  the  cavalry  was  reorganized 
under  General  B.  II.  Grierson,  and  Colonel  Mizner  com- 
manded a  brigade  at  Corinth,  Mississippi. 

The  Third  Michigan  became  a  veteran  volunteer  regi- 
ment by  the  re-enlistment  of  three-fourths  of  its  strength 
in  February,  1864,  and  when  read)-  to  return  to  the  field 
was  sent  to  Little  Rock,  Arkansas,  where  they  became  a 
part  of  the  Seventh  Army  Corps,  under  Major-General 
Steele. 

During  most  of  his  stay  in  Arkansas  Colonel  Mizner 
commanded  the  troops  at  Duvall's  Bluffs  (some  seven 
thousand  in  number),  the  base  of  supplies  for  the  Seventh 
Army  Corps. 

Early  in  1865  he  was  sent  with  his  brigade  to  New 
Orleans,  to  take  part  in  operations  against  Mobile,  and 
after  the  fall  of  the  enemy's  works  at  that  place  the 
Third  Michigan  Cavalry  moved  to  Baton  Rouge,  where 
it  was  joined  by  the  Fourth  Wisconsin  and  Third  II- 
36 


linois  Cavalry.  These  three  regiments  constituted  a 
brigade  in  General  Merritt's  division,  and  was  moved 
by  water  to  Shreveport,  Louisiana,  and  from  there  was 
marched  by  Colonel  Mizner  to  San  Antonio,  Texas, 
where  it  took  part  in  the  demonstrations  made  by 
General  Sheridan  along  the  Mexican  frontier. 

Colonel  Mizner  succeeded  General  Custer  (upon  his 
muster  out)  in  command  of  the  Central  District  of  Texas, 
which  he  exercised  until  February  12,  1S66,  when  his 
regiment  was  mustered  out  and  returned  to  Michigan. 
In  1867,  as  a  captain  of  the  Second  Cavalry,  he  made 
the  entire  tour  of  the  Department  of  the  Platte  with  his 
troop,  as  escort  to  General  Augur,  commanding  the  de- 
partment, and  then  accompanied  General  G.  M.  Dodge, 
chief  engineer  Union  Pacific  Railroad,  to  Salt  Lake  and 
Ogden,  Utah,  and  return,  making  the  distance  marched 
oxer  two  thousand  miles.  In  1888,  as  lieutenant-colonel 
df  the  Eighth  Cavalry,  Colonel  Mizner  marched  his 
entire  regiment  of  twelve  troops  and  band  from  Fort 
Concho,  Texas,  to  Fort  Meade,  Dakota,  a  distance  of 
fifteen  hundred  miles,  being  the  longest  march  ever 
made  by  so  large  a  body  of  troops  in  the  history  of 
this  country. 

In  earlier  days,  with  a  small  party,  he  rode  three  hun- 
dred miles  in  five  days  without  change  of  horses,  and 
without  forage,  depending  solely  upon  grazing.  Individ- 
ually he  has  ridden  thirty-five  miles  before  breakfast,  and 
sixty-five  miles  after  a  one  o'clock  dinner,  and  has  fre- 
quently marched  a  battalion  of  cavalry  thirty-five  miles 
after  three  p.m.,  before  making  camp. 

Colonel  Mizner  has  been  promoted  through  all  the 
orades,  from  brevet  second  lieutenant  in  1856  to  colonel 
of  cavalry  in  1890,  the  rank  he  now  holds,  and  has 
had  a  varied  frontier  experience  as  a  post  commander  in 
Texas,  New  Mexico,  Arizona,  and  Indian  Territory,  as 
well  as  in  Nebraska  and  Dakota. 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NA  VY  (regular) 


LIHUTENANT-COMMANDF.R    WILLIAM   AUGUSTUS 
MORGAN,   U.S.N. 

Lieutenant-Commander  William  Augustus  Morgan 
was  born  at  Newport,  Monmouthshire,  England,  August 
10,  1836,  and  commenced  a  seafaring  career  August  14, 
1850,  by  being  bound  as  an  apprentice  for  five  years  to  a 
Maine  ship-master  and  owner.  He  continued  in  that 
employ  in  the  European  and  general  freighting  business 
until  1856,  and  from  that  time  until  the  breaking  out  of 
the  late  war  sailed  out  of  the  ports  of  Portland  (Maine), 
New  York,  and  Boston. 

On  June  2,  1863,  he  entered  the  U.  S.  Navy  as  acting 
ensign,  and  became  instructor  in  gunnery  on  board  the 
frigate  "  Savannah"  on  July  7,  1S63  ;  was  ordered  to  the 
gun-boat  "Tulip,"  of  the  Potomac  flotilla,  and  in  August 
was  transferred  to  the  schooner  "  Hope,"  of  the  Smith 
Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron.     From  that  time  until 


October,  1865,  he  served  on  board  the  sloop-of-war 
"John  Adams,"  ships-of-the-line  "Vermont"  and  "New 
Hampshire,"  and  temporarily  on  board  the  steamer 
"  Pawnee,"  and  several  other  vessels  of  the  South  At- 
lantic Blockading  Squadron,  and  on  expeditions  on 
shore  with  the  forces  of  that  squadron. 

He  was  promoted  to  acting  master  October  27,  1864, 
and  discharged  January  14,  1866. 

He  was  reappointed  acting  master  April  13,  1S66,  and 
was  on  duty  on  board  the  receiving-ship  "  Vermont" 
until  July,  1S68.  He  was  transferred  to  the  regular 
navy,  as  ensign,  March  12,  1868,  under  the  Act  of 
Congress  approved  July  25,  1866,  and  served  in  the 
Pacific  Squadron  from  July,  186S,  to  July,  1S69;  on 
board  the  flag-ship  "  Powhatan  ;"  under  orders  to  the 
ill-fated  "  Fredonia ;"  steamer  "  Wateree"  (after  the 
earthquake  of  1S68  on  the  coast  of  Peru);  steamer 
"  Tuscarora,"  and  store-ship  "  Onward." 

He  was  promoted  master  December  18,  1868,  and 
returned  to  the  North  Atlantic  Station  on  board  the 
"  Powhatan  ;"  on  board  port  admiral's  flag-ship  "  New 
Hampshire,"  at  Norfolk,  in  1870. 

He  was  promoted  to  lieutenant  March  21,  1S70; 
attached  to  the  steamer  "  Shawmut,"  North  Atlantic 
Squadron,  1871-74;  at  navy-yard,  Boston,  1S75;  mon- 
itor "  Montauk,"  North  Atlantic  Squadron,  1875-77; 
navy-yard,  Boston,  1877-78;  flag-ship  "Shenandoah," 
South  Atlantic  Squadron,  1879;  steamer  "  Wachusett," 
South  Atlantic  and  Pacific  Squadrons,  1880-81  ;  instruc- 
tion at  torpedo  station,  Newport,  1S82;  monitor  "  Mi- 
antonomah,"  special  service,  1882-83  ;  receiving-ship 
"  Wabash,"  1884-86. 

He  was  promoted  to  lieutenant-commander  July  28, 
1884;  corvette  "  Ossipee,"  North  Atlantic  Squadron,  and 
on  sick-leave,  1SS7-8S;  at  the  United  States  nitre  depot, 
Maiden,  1889-90. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


283 


CAPTAIN   AND    BREVET   MAJOR    ARTHUR    MORRIS 
U.S.A.  (retired). 

Captain  and  Brevet  Major  Arthur  Morris  was 
born  in  Virginia,  but  entered  the  regular  army  from  Mary- 
land, by  appointment  from  civil  life,  as  second  lieutenant 
of  the  Fourth  Artillery,  March  24,  1862,  and  was  pro- 
moted first  lieutenant  November  12,  1863.  He  served 
during  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  with  the  Second  Army 
Corps,  in  the  field  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and 
was  engaged  at  the  siege  of  Yorktown  and  in  the  battles 
of  Williamsburg,  Fair  Oaks,  Savage  Station,  White  Oak 
Swamp,  Glendale,  Malvern  Hill,  second  Bull  Run,  Antie- 
tam,  action  at  Charlestown,  and  in  the  battle  of  Freder- 


icksburg. 


In  the  action  at  Charlestown  he  volunteered  for  the 
occasion,  and  was  personally  congratulated  on  the  field 
of  battle  for  bravery  in  action  by  General  Hancock,  who 
was  in  command. 

He  was  brevetted  first  lieutenant  fur  "gallant  and 
meritorious  service"  at  the  battle  of  White  Oak  Swamp, 
Virginia,  and  captain  for  "gallant  and  meritorious  ser- 
vice" at  the  battle  of  Antietam,  Maryland;  major,  for 
"  gallant  and  meritorious  service"  during  the  war.  The 
latter  was  confirmed  by  Congress ;  commission  not 
issued  by  War  Department.  He  has  been  recommended 
for  brevet  major  for  Nez  Perce  Indian  campaign  (com- 
mission not  yet  issued  by  War  Department). 

After  a  period  of  recruiting  duty,  Captain  Morris  was 
stationed  at  Fort  McHenry,  Maryland,  from  October, 
1867,  to  June,  1869,  when  he  was  transferred  to  Fort 
Riley,  Kansas,  and  while  there  was  sent  with  Light  Bat- 
tery B,  Fourth  Artillery,  serving  as  cavalry  on  the  Sal- 
mon River  Indian  campaign,  and  was  scouting  all  the 
summer    of    1870.      He    was    then    at    Fort    McHenry, 


Maryland,  1871-72,  and  at  Fort  Monroe  (Artillery 
School)  from  May,  1872,  to  June,  1873.  In  June,  1873, 
he  was  transferred  to  the  Pacific  coast,  and  was  stationed 
at  Alcatraz  Island,  Black  Point,  Fort  Canby,  Sitka, 
Alaska,  and  Alcatraz  Island  the  second  time. 

While  on  the  Pacific  coast  Captain  Morris  participated 
in  the  Modoc  campaign  in  1873,  and  the  Nez  Perce  cam- 
paign of  1877,  being  engaged  at  the  battle  of  Clearwater, 
Idaho,  July  1 1  and  1  2. 

He  was  promoted  captain  Fourth  Artillery  January  10, 
1877,  and  the  regiment  being  ordered  East  in  1881,  the 
captain  took  station  at  Fort  Warren,  Massachusetts, 
where  he  remained  until  September,  1882,  and  was  then 
stationed  at  Fort  Adams,  Rhode  Island,  until  retirement. 
He  was  retired  from  active  service,  on  account  of  disa- 
bility, October  5,  1887. 


284 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  regular) 


COMMANDER   GEORGE    UPHAM   MORRIS.  U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Commander  George  Upham  Morris  was  born  in  Mas- 
sachusetts, June  3,  1830,  and  died  at  the  Jordan  Alum 
Springs,  in  Virginia,  in  August,  1875.  He  was  the  son 
of  Commodore  Charles  Morris,  one  of  the  best  known 
and  most  respected  of  our  older  naval  officers,  both  on 
account  of  personal  character  and  professional  ability. 

Commander  Morris  entered  the  navy  as  midshipman 
in  August,  1846;  became  lieutenant  in  September,  [855  ; 
and  was  promoted  commander  July  25,  1866. 


When  the  iron-clad  ram  "  Merrimac"  came  out  from 
Norfolk,  on  the  8th  of  March,  1S62,  and  attacked  the 
"  Congress"  and  "  Cumberland"  at  Newport  News, 
Morris,  who  was  executive-officer  of  the  last-named 
ship,  was  in  temporal}'  command,  and  distinguished 
himself  in  the  highest  degree  by  his  conduct  on  that 
occasion.  "As  her  guns  approached  the  water's  edge," 
said  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy  in  his  annual  report, 
"  her  young  commander,  Lieutenant  Morris,  and  the 
gallant  crew  stood  firm  at  their  posts  and  delivered  a 
parting  fire,  and  the  good  ship  went  down  heroically, 
with  her  colors  Hying." 

It  was  but  a  very  few  minutes  from  the  time  the 
"  Merrimac's"  ram  struck  the  vessel  until  she  was  at  the 
bottom.  A  large  number  perished  with  the  vessel,  but 
m. in)-  of  the  officers  and  men,  Lieutenant  Morris  among 
them,  managed  to  reach  the  shore,  where  they  manned 
the  batteries  in  the  intienchnients,  to  resist  Magrudcr's 
force,  coming  from  Yorktown  to  co-operate  with  the 
"  Merrimac." 

In  Ma)',  1862,  Commander  Morris  was  ordered  to  the 
command  of  the  steam  gun-vessel  "  Port  Royal."  In 
her  he  had  an  engagement  with  a  nine-gun  battery  on 
the  James  River,  and  was  subsequently  wounded  during 
an  engagement  with  Fort  Darling. 

In  February,  1S64,  he  was  engaged  with  Fort  Powell, 
at  Grant's  Pass,  in  the  "  Port  Royal." 

Commander  Morris  was  retired  less  than  a  year  before 
his  death, — the  date  of  which  is  given  above. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


285 


COLONEL   ALBERT   P.   MORROW,  U.S.A. 

Colonel  Albert  P.  Morrow  (Third  Cavalry)  was 
born  in  Illinois,  March  10,  1842.  He  entered  the  volun- 
teer service  from  Pennsylvania  as  sergeant  of  Company 
K,  Seventeenth  Pennsylvania  Infantry,  April  18,  1861, 
and  was  honorably  discharged  August  1,  1861.  He  re- 
entered the  volunteer  service  September  9,  1861,  and  was 
sergeant  of  Company  C,  first  sergeant  of  Company  I, 
and  sergeant-major  of  the  Sixth  Pennsylvania  Cavalry. 
He  served  with  his  first  regiment  in  [he  defences  of 
Washington,  at  the  beginning  of  the  war  of  the  Rebel- 
lion, in  the  Rockville  expedition,  and  Patterson's  opera- 
tions in  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  and  with  the  cavalry 
regiment  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  until  captured 
by  the  enemy  near  White  House,  Virginia,  June  13, 
1S62.  He  was  a  prisoner  of  war  at  Richmond,  Vir- 
ginia, until  August  12,  1862,  and,  upon  rejoining  his 
regiment,  served  with  it  until  the  battle  of  Chancellors- 
villc,  when  he  was  again  captured,  May  3,  1863,  and 
remained  a  prisoner  of  war  until  the  25th  of  May,  when 
he  rejoined  his  regiment,  and  remained  with  it  to  July 
13  following. 

He  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  Sixth  Pennsyl- 
vania Cavalry  March  27,  1862;  first  lieutenant  Novem- 
ber 20,  1862;  and  in  July  of  [863  was  aide-de-camp  to 
General  John  Buford,  remaining  on  his  staff  to  December 
16,  1863.  He  then  served  with  his  regiment  in  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac  to  July,  1864.  He  was  promoted  cap- 
tain February  2,  1864;  major  February  10,  1865;  and 
lieutenant-colonel  March  29,  1865.  He  participated  in 
the  Shenandoah  campaign  to  March,  1865,  and  in  the 
operations  against  Richmond,  Virginia,  to  March  31, 
1865,  when  he  was  wounded  in  the  action  at  Dinwiddie 
Court-House,  Virginia.  He  was  honorably  mustered  out 
of  the  volunteer  service  August  6,  1865. 

Colonel  Morrow  entered  the  regular  service  as  captain 
of  the  Seventh  Cavalry  July  28,  1866,  and  was  promoted 
major  of  the  Ninth  Cavalry  March  6,  1867,  and  served 
with  his  regiment  on  frontier  duty  at  Fort  Hays,  Kansas, 
until  promoted  major,  when  he  joined  the  Ninth  Cavalry 
in  Texas,  and  served  at  various  posts  to  March,  1869. 
He  participated  in  an  expedition  in  1870,  and  in  another 
against  hostile  Indians  in  1871.  He  served  at  various 
posts  in  Texas  to  1876,  having,  in  the  mean  time,  been 
member  of  a  board  to  purchase  cavalry  horses  in  1874, 
and  with  a  battalion  in  the  field  under  General   Macken- 


zie, in  the  Indian  Territory,  to  January,  1875.  He  com- 
manded a  battalion  en  route  to  New  Mexico,  in  the  summer 
of  187(1,  and  participated  in  a  campaign  against  Indians 
to  Sept.  1,  1876,  after  which  he  was  granted  leave  of  ab- 
sence, on  account  of  sickness,  to  Sept.  3,  1877.  Returning 
to  Fort  Union,  he  participated  in  an  expedition  against 
the  Ute  Indians  in  187S;  and  on  scouts  in  the  field  in 
1879,  from  Fort  Bayard;  and  again  in  1880,  when,  on 
August  22,  1880,  he  proceeded  to  Washington,  D.  C, 
to  receive  instructions,  having  been  designated  as  one  of 
the  officers  to  witness  the  manoeuvres  of  the  French 
army  during  that  autumn ;  and  on  the  completion  of 
that  duty  he  was  granted  a  delay  in  returning  to  the 
United  States  until  January,  1881,  when  he  was  appointed 
colonel  and  aide-de-camp  to  the  general  of  the  army. 
He  served  till  June  1,  1883,  when  he  was  relieved  at  his 
own  request,  and  joined  his  regiment  in  the  Department 
of  Arizona,  he  having  been  promoted  lieutenant-colonel 
of  the  Sixth  Cavalry  December  17,  1882. 

Colonel  Morrow  was  brevetted  colonel  of  volunteers, 
March  13,  1865,  for  conspicuous  gallantry  in  action,  and 
was  commended  by  Colonel  Hatch,  commanding  District 
of  New  Mexico,  in  18S0,  for  his  persistent  pursuit  of 
Indians,  in  which  he  exerted  himself  to  such  an  extent 
as  to  produce  a  dangerous  hemorrhage. 

He  was  promoted  colonel  of  the  Third  Cavalry  Feb- 
ruary 18,  1 89 1,  and  is  at  present  stationed  at  Fort  Mc- 
intosh, Texas. 


286 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  {regular) 


CAPTAIN   ALFRED   MORTON.  U.S.A. 

Captain  Alfred  Morton  (Ninth  Infantry)  was  born 
in  Maine  on  January  16,  1 834.  He  entered  the  volunteer 
service  from  California  during  the  war  of 'the  Rebellion 


when  he  was  appointed  a  first  lieutenant  of  the  same 
regiment,  and  was  promoted  captain  February  14,  1863. 

Captain  Morton's  regiment  was  kept  upon  the  Pacific 
coast  during  the  war,  and  he  was  on  duty  in  California 
most  of  the  time.  He  participated  in  an  expedition 
against  the  Indians  in  the  Humboldt  Military  District  in 
the  summer  of  1863,  and  he  was  subsequently  provost- 
marshal  of  San  Francisco,  and  of  the  State  of  California, 
lie  was  mustered  out  of  the  Second  California  Cavalry 
November  25,  1864,  having  been  appointed  major  of  the 
Seventh  California  Infantry.  He  retained  the  latter  rank 
until  finally  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service  on 
March  17,  1866. 

Captain  Morton  entered  the  regular  service  as  second 
lieutenant  Ninth  Infantry  March  3,  1866,  and  was  pro- 
moted first  lieutenant  July  28,  1866.  He  joined  his  regi- 
ment, then  on  duty  in  California,  and  served  with  it  until 
1869,  when  it  changed  station  to  the  Department  of  the 
Platte,  at  Fort  Russell,  Wyoming.  The  captain's  station 
was  changed  a  number  of  times,  he  serving  at  many 
posts.  He  was  then  ordered  to  Texas,  and  in  1891  to 
the  Northern  Lakes. 

Captain    Morton    was   regimental    quartermaster  from 


as  .sergeant  of  Company  P,  and  commissary  sergeant  of  June  I,  1866,  to  March  20,  1879,  at  which  time  he  was 
the  Second  California  Cavalry,  September  13,  1861,  and  j  promoted  captain.  Pie  is  now  on  the  recruiting  service 
served   in    the   last-named   grade   until   January  6,  1862,  '  at  Chicago,  Illinois. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


287 


COMMANDER  DENNIS  W.   MULLAN,  U.S.N. 

Commander  Dennis  W.  Mullan  was  born  in  Mary- 
land, and  appointed  midshipman  from  Kentucky  Septem- 
ber, i860.  Under  the  pressure  of  the  war,  his  class  was 
graduated  from  the  Naval  Academy  in  1863;  ensign, 
October  i,  1863;  attached  to  steam-sloop  "  Mononga- 
hela,"  West  Gulf  Blockading  Squadron,  from  1863  to 
1865.  In  attacks  on  various  batteries  on  the  coast  of 
Texas,  and  at  the  battle  of  Mobile  Bay,  August  5,  1864  ; 
in  both  attacks  upon  and  the  surrender  of  Fort  Morgan  ; 
served  in  the  steamer  "  Malvern,"  North  Atlantic  Station, 
in  1865  ;  and  the  "  Mohongo,"  Pacific  Station,  1865-67; 
promoted  to  master  November  10,  1865;  steam-sloop 
"  De  Soto,"  North  Atlantic  Squadron,  1867-68;  com- 
missioned lieutenant  February  21,  1867;  commissioned 
lieutenant-commander  March  12,  1868.  While  attached 
to  the  "  De  Soto,"  he  was  selected  by  Commodore  Charles 
S.  Boggs  to  command  the  steamer  "  Glasgow,"  then  at  the 
Pensacola  Navy-Yard,  to  co-operate  with  him  in  sup- 
pressing an  expedition  against  Mexico,  then  fitting  out 
in  New  Orleans.  "  Monocacy,"  on  the  Asiatic  Station, 
from  1868  to  1 87 1.  Present  at  the  two  attacks  upon  the 
batteries  on  the  river,  at  Corea,  on  June  1  and  10,  1871. 
In  1872-73,  attached  to  the  receiving-ship  "  Indepen- 
dence," at  Mare  Island;  "  Saco,"  on  the  Asiatic  Station, 
from  1S73  to  1876;  and  navigation-duty  at  Norfolk 
Navy- Yard,  1877-78  ;  executive-officer  of  the  "  Adams," 
in  the  Pacific,  from  1879  to  1881.  While  attached  to  the 
"Adams,"  Lieutenant-Commander  Mullan  was  detailed 
to  accompany  the  staff  of  General  Baquedano,  the  Chil- 
ian commander-in-chief,  in  his  operations  against  Lima, 
Peru.  He  was  present  at  all  the  engagements  at  Choril- 
los,  Miraflores,  and  other  places  near  Lima,  and  made  a 
report  of  these  operations  to  the  Navy  Department. 

He  was  promoted  to  commander  in  July,  1882,  and 
was  in  command  of  the  seven  iron-clad  vessels  at  City 
Point,  James  River,  Virginia,  from  1884  to  1887.  On 
October  1,  1887,  he  was  ordered  to  command  the  U.  S.  S. 
"  Nipsic,"  and  went  via  the  Straits  of  Magellan  to  the 


Pacific  Station.  Was  in  command  of  the  "  Nipsic"  at 
Samoa  during  the  troublous  times  with  the  Germans 
there.  At  that  time  he  gave  protection  to  the  American 
correspondent,  whom  the  Germans  wished  to  be  sent  on 
board  the  German  man-of-war  "  Adler,"  their  flag-ship 
there,  to  be  tried  by  court-martial  for  alleged  offences. 
Commander  Mullan's  firm  stand  put  an  end  to  that. 
He  was  in  command  of  the  "  Nipsic"  during  the 
great  Samoan  hurricane  of  March  16,  1889,  an(J  the 
"Nipsic"  was  the  only  American  man-of-war  that  was 
saved. 

Commander  Mullan,  upon  his  return  from  the  Pacific, 
was  on  leave  of  absence  for  some  months,  and  was  then 
ordered  to  duty  as  light-house  inspector,  with  head- 
quarters at  New  Orleans,  where  he  is  at  present. 

The  City  Council  of  Annapolis,  Maryland,  where  Com- 
mander Mullan  was  born,  voted  him  thanks  for  his  con- 
duct at  the  Samoan  Islands ;  and  the  Legislature  of 
Maryland,  in  its  session  of  1890,  presented  him  with  a 
gold  watch,  in  appreciation  of  his  conduct  during  the 
Samoan  complications. 


288 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NA  VY  (regular) 


REAR-ADMIRAL  J.   R.   M.   MULLANY.  U.S.N. 

(hi  CI  ASED). 

Rear-Admiral  J.  R.  M.  Mullany  was  born  in  New- 
York,  and  appointed  from  that  State,  as  midshipman,  in 
January,  1832.  He  passed  through  the  ordinary  course 
of  service  upon  the  Mediterranean  and  the  African 
Squadrons,  the  Coast  Survey,  the  Mexican  War,  and  the 
West  Indies. 

In  1861  he  was  commanding  the  "  Wyandotte,"  in  the 
Gulf  Squadron,  and  was  commissioned  commander  in 
October  of  that  year.  In  command  of  the  "  Bienville," 
he  was  frequently  engaged  with  the  forts  at  Charleston 
and  elsewhere  on  the  South  Atlantic  coast.  Shortly 
before  the  battle  of  August  5,  1S64,  at  Mobile  Bay,  he 
volunteered  his  services,  but  the  "Bienville"  not  being 
considered  by  Admiral  Farragut  a  fit  vessel  to  engage 
the  forts,  he  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the 
"  (  meida,"  which  vessel,  on  passing   Fort  Morgan,  occu- 


pied the  side  exposed  to  the  fire  of  that  fort ;  the  "  Ga- 
lena," which  was  lashed  on  the  port  side,  being  under 
his  control  by  virtue  of  his  seniority.  He  lost  an  arm 
in  this  action.  While  commanding  the  "  Bienville,"  off 
Charleston,  in  1862,  he  captured  the  blockade-running 
steamers  "  Stettin"  and  "  Patras,"  under  the  English  flag, 
and  loaded  with  munitions  of  war, — the  vessels  and 
cargoes  being  valued  in  the  aggregate  at  £500,000.  He 
also  captured  nine  schooners  from  Nassau,  all  under  the 
English  Hag.  From  April  to  September,  1863,  he  com- 
manded, while  in  the  "  Bienville,"  a  division  of  the  West 
Gulf  Blockading  Squadron.  Off  Galveston,  he  sent  in  a 
boat  expedition,  and  captured  and  brought  offtwo  schoon- 
ers, with  five  hundred  and  seventy-six  bales  of  cotton. 

After  the  end  of  the  Civil  War  he  was  inspector  of 
ordnance  at  the  New  York  Navy- Yard  for  three  years. 
He  was  commissioned  captain  in  July,  1866.  Com- 
manded steam-sloop  "Richmond,"  of  the  European 
Squadron,  from  December,  1868,  to  November,  187 1. 
Commissioned  as  commodore  in  August,  1870,  and  was 
in  command  of  the  Mediterranean  Squadron  of  the  Euro- 
pean Fleet  after  that  for  nearly  a  year.  He  was  stationed 
at  the  Philadelphia  Navy- Yard  during  the  time  the  station 
was  changed  to  League  Island,  1872-74.  Commissioned 
as  rear-admiral  June,  1S74,  and  commanded  the  North 
Atlantic  Station  from  that  time  until  February,  1876. 
During  a  part  of  this  time  he  was  in  New  (  Means,  with 
a  portion  of  the  squadron,  to  support  General  Emory, 
and  afterwards  General  Sheridan,  during  the  political 
turmoil  of  the  period.  September  and  October  of  1X73 
he  spent  at  Aspinwall,  with  two  vessels  of  the  squadron, 
to  protect  American  interests  on  the  Isthmus  of  Panama, 
then  menaced  by  the  rebellion  in  that  State.  He  was 
also,  for  the  time  being,  placed  in  command  of  the  vessels 
of  the  Pacific  Squadron  which  were  in  the  Bay  of  Panama. 
He  was  governor  of  the  Naval  Asylum  at  Philadelphia 
from  1876  to  1S79.      Died  in  1887. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


PAY-DIRECTOR  JAMES  D.  MURRAY,  U.S.N. 
(retired). 

Pay-Director  James  D.  Murray  was  born  in  Mary- 
land, and  was  appointed  purser  in  the  navy  from  Minne- 
sota June  3,  1858.  In  1S60  the  title  was  changed  to 
paymaster,  and  as  such  he  dates  from  June  22,  i860. 
He  served  on  board  the  sloop-of-war  "  Cyane,"  of  the 
Pacific  Squadron,  from  August,  1858,  to  February, 
1861. 

In  July,  after  the  breaking  out  of  the  Rebellion,  he  was 
ordered  to  the  frigate  "  Potomac,"  Atlantic  Blockading 
Squadron.  The  "  Potomac"  was  afterwards  made  store- 
ship  at  Pensacola,  Florida.  In  April,  1863,  he  was 
ordered  to  the  iron-clad  "  Roanoke,"  North  Atlantic 
Blockading  Squadron,  and  served  in  her  until  August, 
1864.  After  a  leave  of  absence  he  joined  the  receiving- 
ship  "  Princeton,"  at  Philadelphia,  and  remained  there 
three  years.  During  this  term  he  was  also  the  pay- 
master of  the  United  States  Naval  Asylum.  In  1858-59 
he  was  fleetqjaymastcr  on  board  the  U.  S.  S.  "  Contoo- 
cook."  After  a  tour  of  duty  at  the  Washington  Navy- 
Yard,  which  extended  over  two  years,  he  next  was  pay- 
master of  the  Naval  Academy  at  Annapolis,  from  July, 
1 871,  to  January,  1875.  At  the  latter  date  he  joined  the 
flag-ship  "  Franklin,"  as  fleet-paymaster  of  the  European 
Squadron,  and  was  detached  from  her  in  September, 
1876,  with  permission  to  remain  abroad.  After  some 
months  of  travel,  under  these  orders,  he  returned  to  the 
United  States,  and  served  three  years  at  the  Naval 
Asylum,  and  then  another  term  of  three  years  at  the 
Naval  Academy,  Annapolis. 


During  18S4-85,  Pay-Director  Murray  was  on  general 
court-martial  and  board  duty,  and,  for  a  period,  at  the 
Navy  Pay-Office,  Washington,  D.  C,  but  in  September, 
1885,  was  ordered  to  the  Navy  Pay-Office  at  Baltimore, 
where  he  remained  until  April,  1889. 

In  August  of  that  year  he  reported  to  the  Bureau  of 
Navigation  for  special  duty  in  connection  with  the  pro- 
motion of  pay  officers  and  other  cognate  matters.  While 
upon  this  duty  (August,  1890)  he  was  again  ordered  to 
the  Naval  Academy,  and  remained  there  until  September 
20,  1 89 1,  when  he  was  detached  to  make  a  settlement  of 
accounts,  as  he  was  then  retired  from  active  service  in 
conformity  with  chapter  iii.,  section  1444,  of  the  Revised 
Statutes. 


37 


290 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


REAR-ADMIRAL  J.  W.  A.  NICHOLSON,  U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Rear-Admiral  J.  W.  A.  Nicholson  was  born  in 
Massachusetts,  and  appointed  from  New  York  February 
10,  1838.  He  was  attached  to  the  sloops  "  Natchez"  and 
"  Warren,"  West  India  Squadron,  1S38-41  ;  to  the  frigate 
"  Brandywine,"  Mediterranean  Squadron,  1841-42;  on 
special  service,  1842-43. 

I  le  was  promoted  to  passed  midshipman  June  20,  1844, 
and  was  with  the  steamship  "  Princeton"  from  1844-46; 
Pacific  Squadron,  1846-47  ;  store-ship  "  Fredonia,"  1848  ; 
frigate  "  Raritan,"  1849-50;  store-ship  "Southampton," 
Pacific,  1851-52. 

He  was  promoted  to  lieutenant  April  24,  1S52;  with 
sloop  "  Vandalia,"  Japanese  Expedition  under  Commo- 
dore Perry,  from  1853  to  1855  ;  participated  in  all  of  the 
official  meetings  with  the  Japanese  on  that  expedition  ; 
stationed  on  shore,  with  a  guard  from  the  "Vandalia,"  at 
Shanghai,  China,  for  several  months,  to  protect  the  for- 


eign settlement,  while  the  contending  Chinese  were  en- 
camped near  by;  at  navy-yard,  New  York,  1856-57; 
with  sloop  "Vincennes,"  on  the  African  coast,  1857-60; 
in  1861  was  attached  to  steamer  "  Pocahontas,"  which 
el  started  for  the  relief  of  Fort  Sumter,  but  arrived 
too  late,  as  the  fort  capitulated,  a  short  time  after  the 
arrival  of  the  "  Pocahontas,"  on  April  13,  1861  ;  stationed 
in  Potomac  River  until  October,  186 1  ;  in  engagement 
with  rebel  batteries  at  Acquia  Creek;  in  command  of  the 
steamer  "  Isaac  Smith,"  1861,  and  participated  in  actions 
with  rebel  fleet,  November  5  and  6,  and  battle  of  Port 
Royal,  November  7,  1861  ;  also  participated  in  the  cap- 
ture of  Jacksonville,  Fernandina,  and  St.  Augustine, 
Florida ;  held  the  towns  of  Jacksonville  and  St.  Augus- 
tine for  several  months  ;  while  in  command  of  St.  John's 
River,  was  attacked  by  rebel  infanta-,  and  defeated  them 
with  considerable  loss;  in  engagement  with  rebel  flotilla 
in  Savannah  River  in  February,  1862. 

He  was  commissioned  as  commander  July  16,  1862; 
on  ordnance  duty  in  Xew  York  in  1863;  with  Smith 
Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron  in  1864;  in  command  of 
monitor"  Manhattan,"  Western  Gulf  Squadron,  in  1864; 
in  battle  of  Mobile  Bay  forts,  and  capture  of  rebel  ram 
"Tennessee,"  August  5,  1864;  bombarding  of  Fort 
Morgan  from  August  9  until  the  surrender,  on  the  21st; 
commanding  the  steamer"  M'>hongo,"  Pacific  Squadron, 
1865-66;  commanding  the  steam-ship  "  Wampanoag," 
1867-68. 

He  was  commissioned  as  captain  July  25,  1866;  at 
the  navy-yard,  New  York,  1868-70;  commanding  the 
"Lancaster"  (second-rate),  South  Atlantic  fleet,  1871-72. 

He  was  commissioned  as  commodore  November  8, 
1873;  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Examiners,  1873-74; 
president  of  Board  of  Examiners,  1875-76;  commandant 
at  navy-yard,  1879;  commanding  European  Station, 
1880-83. 

He  was  promoted  rear-admiral  in  1S81,  and  died  in 
1SS7. 


WHO  SERVED   IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


291 


CAPTAIN   AND  BREVET  LIEUTENANT-COLONEL 
JOHN   B.  NIXON,    U.S.A.   (retired). 

Captain"  and  Brevet  Lieutenant-Colonel  John  B. 
Nixon  was  born  near  Boothsville,  Harrison  County, 
Virginia,  April  6,  1828.  His  education  was  obtained  in 
the  private  schools  of  that  locality,  and  at  Rector  Col- 
lege, Pruntvtown,  Virginia. 

In  1855  he  removed  to  Henry  County,  Illinois,  where 
he  held  several  subordinate  county  positions,  including 
justice  of  the  peace  and  postmaster. 

After  the  breaking  out  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion, 
he  enlisted  June  30,  1862,  and  was  mustered  into  the  U.  S. 
service  as  second  lieutenant  of  Company  D,  One  Hun- 
dred and  Second  Illinois  Infantry,  September  2,  1862, 
and  promoted  first  lieutenant  April  20,  1863. 

He  served  with  his  regiment  in  the  Army  of  the 
Ohio  and  of  the  Cumberland,  under  Generals  Buell, 
Rosecrans,  and  Thomas,  until  November  23,  1863,  when 
he  was  appointed  captain  of  the  Seventeenth  U.  S.  Col- 
ored Infantry,  and  mustered  into  service  December  3, 
1863. 

He  participated  in  all  the  important  services  of  that 
regiment,  including  the  battle  of  Nashville,  where,  in 
command  of  his  company,  A,  he  took  part  in  the  first 
assault  on  the  enemy's  works  on  the  morning  of  De- 
cember 15,  1864,  in  which  the  casualties  in  his  company 
were  nineteen  in  an  enlisted  strength  "  present"  of  forty- 
two ;  following  Hood's  retreating  army  to  Tuscumbia, 
Alabama,  through  an  arduous  campaign  of  hardship, 
suffering,  and  exposure. 

In  March,  1865,  he  was  given  the  position  (unsolicited) 
of  assistant-inspector  general,  on  the  staff  of  Brigadier- 
General  John  F.  Miller,  U.  S.  Volunteers  (late  U.  S. 
Senator  from  California),  and  served  as  such  until  No- 
vember 3  of  that  year,  when  he  was  relieved  to  join  and 
assume  command  of  his  regiment,  of  which  he  was  the 
senior  captain  during  its  entire  service. 

He  was  retained  in  service  some  six  months  after 
the  muster-out  of  his  regiment  on  general  court-martial 
duty,  and  was  honorably  discharged  by  special  orders 
number  550,  War  Department,  A.  G.  O.,  November  3, 
1 866. 

After  the  close  of  the  war,  upon  the  recommendations 
of  Generals  Grant,  Thomas,  Fisk,  and  others,  on  June 
12,  1867,  he  received  the  appointment  of  first  lieutenant 
Thirty-eighth  Lr.  S.  Infantry,  and  served  in  that  and  the 
Twenty-fourth  U.  S.  Infantry  for  seventeen  years  in  Kan- 
sas, New  Mexico,  Colorado,  Texas,  and  the  Indian  Terri- 
tory. He  was  promoted  captain  Twenty-fourth  Infantry 
January  5,  1 877. 

During  his  long  and  active  duties  in  the  South- 
west, Colonel  Nixon  saw  much  arduous  service.  His 
company  changed  station  twelve  times  during  ten 
years. 


He  participated  in  the  campaign  against  the  Apache 
chief  Victoria,  in  1880,  and  commanded  a  battalion  of 
his  regiment  from  Fort  Davis,  Texas,  to  Fort  Sill,  Indian 
Territory,  in  the  winter  of  1880-81,  marching  over  five 
hundred  miles,  encountering  severe  "  northers,"  causing 
great  suffering  from  cold  and  frost-bites. 

He  was  regimental  quartermaster  of  the  Twenty-fourth 
Infantry  for  six  years  under  Generals  Potter,  Doubleday, 
and  Colonel  Shafter. 

Colonel  Nixon  descended  from  a  long  line  of  ancestry, 
all  branches  of  the  family  originally  emigrating  from 
Scotland,  some  from  Edinburgh,  others  from  Dundee,  in 
the  seventeenth  century,  and  settling  in  New  Jersey*  and 
Pennsylvania. 

Colonel  John  Nixon,  of  Philadelphia,  who,  on  the  8th 
of  Jul)-,  1776,  read  to  the  people  of  that  city  the  Declara- 
tion of  Independence,  and  the  late  Judge  John  T.  Nixon, 
of  New  Jersey,  a  graduate  of  Princeton  College,  in  the 
Class  of  1 841,  formerly  member  of  Congress,  and  leg- 
atee of  the  late  John  C.  Green,  are  of  the  ancestral 
stock. 

Brevet  Lieutenant-Colonel  John  B.  Nixon  is  a  son  of 
George  Nixon,  who  was  born  on  the  9th  of  May,  1776, 
near  Winchester,  in  Frederick  County,  Virginia,  and 
served  in  the  Indian  wars  in  1792,  at  the  age  of  sixteen, 
at  a  "  block-house"  on  the  Monongahela  River,  having 
emigrated  with  his  parents  in  1786  to  Harrison  County, 
Virginia  and  where  he  afterwards  resided  on  his  estate 
of  several  hundred  acres  until  his  death  in  1844,  and 
where  still  remain  members  of  the  family,  nine  of  whom 
saw  service  on  the  Federal  side  in  the  war  of  the  Rebel- 
lion, though  all  native-born  Virginians. 

Colonel  Nixon  is  now  residing  at  his  country-seat, 
Belle  Mead,  Somerset  Count}',  New  Jersey,  having  been 
retired  from  the  army,  November  26,  1884,  for  disability 
in  the  line  of  duty. 


292 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NA  VY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN   HENRY   B.   NOBLE.   U.S.A.   (retired). 

Captain  Henry  B.  Noble  was  born  August  17,  1837, 
and  graduated  at  the  Military  Academy  May  6,  1861, 
when  he  was  promoted  second  lieutenant  of  the  Eighth 
Infantry,  and  first  lieutenant  of  the  same  regiment  June 
11.  1861.  He  was  ordered  to  Washington  immediately 
after  graduating,  and  assigned  the  duty  of  assisting  in 
drilling  and  mustering  the  Sixty-ninth  New  York  Vol- 
unteers. He  participated  in  the  Manassas  campaign, 
and  was  engaged  in  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21, 
1 86 1,  with  two  companies  of  the  Eighth  Infantry.    Upon 


returning  to  Washington,  after  that  battle,  he  was  on 
duty  as  part  of  the  provost  guard  until  October  of  the 
same  year,  when  he  was  ordered  to  Fort  Hamilton,  New 
York,  to  assist  in  reorganizing  the  Eighth  Infantry, 
which  had  previously  been  surrendered  by  General 
Twiggs,  in  Texas.  He  was  ordered  to  the  field  again  in 
May,  1862,  and  served  in  the  valley  of  Virginia,  in  com- 
mand of  a  company  of  his  regiment,  until  the  battle  of 
Cedar  Mountain,  August  9,  1862,  where  he  was  wounded 
by  a  bullet  going  through  the  left  leg  below  the  knee. 
He  was  then  granted  sick-leave  of  absence  until  Novem- 
ber 19,  1862. 

Upon  recovering  from  his  wounds,  he  was  detailed  at 
the  Military  Academy  as  assistant  professor  of  geogra- 
phy, history,  and  ethics  to  March  20,  1863,  and  then  as 
assistant  instructor  of  infantry  tactics  to  September  9, 
1865. 

Lieutenant  Noble  was  brevetted  captain  for  "  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of  Cedar  Mountain, 
Virginia,"  August  9,  1862.  He  was  promoted  captain 
of  the  Eighth  Infantry  February  13,  1S66. 

At  the  close  of  his  tour  of  duty  at  West  Point,  Cap- 
tain Noble  was  on  duty  with  his  company  at  Baltimore, 
Maryland,  to  January  12,  1S66,  when  he  was  ordered  to 
North  Carolina,  and  served  at  Raleigh,  Salisbury,  Mor- 
gantown  (where  he  commanded  the  post),  and  then  was 
sent  to  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  where  he  was  sta- 
!  tioned  for  a  few  months,  when  he  was  ordered  North  on 
sick-leave,  and  afterwards  was  retired  from  active  ser- 
|  vice  February  18,  1869. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


293 


COLONEL   BASIL    NORMS.   U.S.A.  (retired). 

Colonel  Basil  Norris  was  born  in  Maryland  on 
March  9,  1828.  He  was  appointed  to  the  regular  ser- 
vice as  first  lieutenant  and  assistant  surgeon  October 
11,  1852,  and  was  promoted  captain  October  11,  1857. 
He  accompanied  recruits  to  Texas  in  November,  1852. 
He  reported  to  General  P.  F.  Smith,  at  Fort  Leaven- 
worth, February  8,  1858,  for  duty  with  the  expedition 
fitting  out  for  the  Utah  campaign,  and  after  arrival  in 
Utah  was  assigned  to  duty  at  Camp  Floyd.  In  May, 
i860,  he  accompanied  the  Seventh  Infantry  and  a  de- 
tachment of  the  Second  Dragoons,  changing  station 
from  Utah  to  New  Mexico.  He  was  at  Fort  Craig 
and  Albuquerque  from  September,  i860,  to  December, 
1861,  as  medical  purveyor  of  the  department  and  post 
surgeon,  and  then  was  ordered  to  report  to  Colonel 
E.  R.  S.  Canby,  at  camp  near  Belin,  New  Mexico,  as 
medical  director  and  purveyor  of  troops  in  the  field, 
and  was  engaged  at  the  battle  of  Val  Verde,  New 
Mexico,  in  his  report  of  which  Colonel  Canby  uses 
these  words:  "  Higher  thanks  than  any  I  can  bestow 
are  due  to  the  medical  officers  of  the  command,"  etc. 

Having  reported  to  the  surgeon-general,  under  orders, 
in  1862,  Dr.  Norris  became  medical  inspector  of  hos- 
pitals, and  December  6,  1862,  he  reported  to  General 
Franklin's  head-quarters,  in  the  field  with  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac,  as  medical  director  of  the  Left  Grand  Divi- 
sion, having  received  his  promotion  to  a  majority  April 
16,  1862. 

On  February  23,  1863,  Dr.  Norris  was  ordered  to 
report  to  the  surgeon-general  in  person  as  attending 
surgeon  at  Washington,  remaining  there  until  October 
15,  1S84.  He  was  then  ordered  to  the  Pacific  coast,  and 
was  medical  director  of  the  Department  of  California, 
when  he  was  retired  March  9,  1892. 

At  the  close  of  the  war  Dr.  Norris  was  brevetted 
lieutenant-colonel  for  "  faithful  and  meritorious  services 
during  the  war,"  and  colonel  for  "  meritorious  services 
and  diligent  discharge  of  duties  during  the  war."  He 
was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel  December  14,  1882,  and 
colonel,  November  14,  1S88. 

During  his  long  period  of  service  Dr.  Norris  per- 
formed numerous  difficult  surgical  operations.  At  Fort 
Clark,  Texas,  in  1854,  he  amputated  the  thigh  of  Pri- 
vate Kinney,  for  accidental  gun-shot  wound  through  knee- 
joint ;  in  1855  amputated  arm  of  Corporal  Ives  for  gun- 
shot wound  through  elbow-joint,  received  in  attack  of 
Indians  on  paymaster's  escort  at  crossing  of  Devil's  River ; 
in  1856  ligated  brachial  artery  of  Lieutenant  Crosby,  U.  S. 
Mounted  Riflemen,  for  cure  of  aneurism  from  arrow- 
wound  received  fighting  Indians  at  Lake  Trinidad  ;  in 
1859,  at  a  time  °f  great  excitement,  was  despatched  from 
Camp  Floyd  to  Salt  Lake  City  to  attend  Sergeant  Pike, 
Tenth  U.  S.  Infantry,  who,  when  in  uniform  and  present 


in  obedience  to  summons  of  U.  S.  Court,  was  waylaid  at 
noon  in  the  public  street,  shot  and  mortally  wounded  by 
Spencer,  in  front  of  the  public  hotel.  He  was  post  sur- 
geon at  Albuquerque,  New  Mexico,  in  the  summer  of 
1 86 1  during  the  prevalence  of  small-pox  ;  in  Washington, 
in  May,  1863,  amputated  thigh  of  Lieutenant  Kirby  for 
gun-shot  fracture  of  the  femur  by  two  bullets  from  spheri- 
cal case-shot  at  Chancellorsville  ;  in  1 864  amputated  thigh 
of  General  John  C.  Robinson  for  gun-shot  wound  of 
knee-joint  from  rifle-ball  received  in  battle  in  the  Wil- 
derness; in  Washington,  amputated  leg  of  Lieutenant 
Smedburg,  for  disease  of  bone  after  primary  amputation 
for  gun-shot  wound  of  foot  from  shell  explosion,  battle 
in  the  Wilderness. 

In  Washington,  he  attended  Hon.  William  H.  Seward, 
Secretary  of  State,  for  double  fracture  of  the  inferior 
maxillary  bone  caused  by  a  fall  from  his  carriage,  April 
4,  1865,  and  for  wounds  inflicted  by  Payne  at  ten  o'clock 
on  the  evening  of  April  14,  1865.  It  was  by  authority 
of  Mr.  Stanton,  Secretary  of  War,  that  Surgeon-General 
Barnes  directed  a  daily  detail  from  Douglas  Hospital  of 
two  enlisted  men  to  keep  watch  by  turns  in  the  sick 
chamber  at  night;  from  that  circumstance  the  assassina- 
tion of  Mr.  Seward  was  prevented  by  George  F.  Robinson, 
Eighth  Maine  Volunteers ;  in  Washington,  in  1878,  ampu- 
tated arm  of  Sergeant  Penrod,  Signal  Service,  for  injur}' 
to  elbow  from  fall  on  roof  of  station  on  Broadway,  New 
York,  in  1877;  in  Washington,  had  charge  of  medical 
and  surgical  practice  in  all  its  departments,  including  offi- 
cers and  general  service  men  on  duty  in  the  War  Depart- 
ment and  their  families  and  others. 

The  duty  of  attending  surgeon  in  Washington  included 
medical  attendance  at  the  Executive  Mansion  from 
May,  1S65,  to  March,  1877, — including  the  terms  of 
office  of  President  Andrew  Johnson  and  General  U.  S. 
Grant. 


294 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   XAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN   AND  BREVET   MAJOR  THOMAS  H. 
NORTON.  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Captain  axd  Brevet  Major  Thomas  H.  Norton  was 
born  at  Pittsburg,  Pennsylvania,  April  29,  1N40.  He 
received  an  academic  education  at  the  Linsly  Institute, 
at  Wheeling,  West  Virginia,  founded  by  Noah  Linsly,  a 
former  philanthropic  and  public-spirited  citizen  of  that 
State.  In  1859  young  Norton  .served  as  a  non- 
commissioned officer  in  a  company  of  Virginia  militia, 
which  was  called  upon  by  the  Governor  of  Virginia  to 
attend  the  execution  of  John  Brown,  at  Charlestown, 
Virginia,  in  that  year,  but  Corporal  Norton  refused  to 
respond  to  the  summons,  and  immediately  thereafter 
severed  his  connection  with  the  Virginia  militia.  At  the 
beginning  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  he  occupied  the 
position  of  paymaster  at  the  Belmont  Iron- Works,  at 
Wheeling,  Virginia,  and  under  the  first  call  of  President 
Lincoln  for  seventy-five  thousand  volunteers,  he  raised  a 
company  of  men,  principally  from  among  the  employes 
of  the  iron-mills,  of  which  his  father  was  part  owner. 

On  the  1 1  tli  of  May,  1861,  he  was  elected  second  lieu- 
tenant of  this  company,  and  was  mustered  into  the 
United  States  service  by  Major  James  Oakes,  U.S.A.  A 
few  days  thereafter  the  First  Regiment  of  loyal  Virgin- 
ians, fully  organized,  but  without  uniforms,  and  only 
partially  armed  and  equipped,  took  the  field  in  defence 
of  the  Union.  While  serving  with  this  regiment,  Lieu- 
tenant Norton  took'  part  in  the  engagement  at  Philippi, 
Virginia,  on  June  3,  1861,  in  which  Colonel  Kelly,  com- 
manding  the    First   Virginia   Volunteers,   with   the    co- 


operation and  support  of  a  brigade  of  Ohio  and  Indiana 
troops,  defeated  and  dispersed  the  Confederate  forces 
under  Colonel  Porterfield ;  and  in  recognition  of  his 
services  in  this  affair,  Lieutenant  Norton  was  on  August 
5,  1 861,  appointed  captain  in  the  Fifteenth  U.  S.  Infantry, 
and  reported  for  duty  at  Newport  Barracks,  Kentucky, 
in  September  following.  Being  at  that  time  but  little 
over  twenty-one  years  of  age,  it  is  believed  that  Captain 
Norton  was  the  youngest  officer  who  then  held  the  rank 
ol  captain  in  the  regular  service. 

During  the  remainder  of  1861  and  part  of  1862,  Cap- 
tain Norton  was  on  recruiting,  mustering,  and  disbursing 
duty  at  Columbus,  Ohio,  and  Harrisburg,  Pennsylvania. 
At  the  latter  capital  he  mustered  in  many  of  the  famous 
Pennsylvania  regiments  that  afterwards  achieved  distinc- 
tion in  the  Civil  War.  Being  relieved  of  this  duty  in 
November,  1862,  he  joined  the  Second  Battalion  Fif- 
teenth U.  S.  Infantry,  at  Memphis  Tennessee,  which 
command,  after  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  in  September, 
1S63,  was  attached  to  the  Regular  Brigade,  Second  Divi- 
sion, Fourteenth  Corps,  Arm}-  of  the  Cumberland. 
Captain  Norton  remained  on  duty  in  the  field  with  this 
command  until  the  end  of  the  war,  participating  in  the 
battles  of  Missionary  Ridge,  Tennessee,  on  November 
25,  1863,  and  all  the  battles  of  the  Atlanta  campaign, 
including  those  of  Resaca,  New  Hope  Church,  Kenesaw 
Mountain,  Neal  Dow  Station,  Peach-Tree  Creek,  the 
siege  of  Atlanta,  and  battle  of  Jonesborough,  Georgia. 

He  was  brevetted  major  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  in  the  above  actions,  and  at  the  end  of  the  war 
was  awarded  a  medal  of  honor  by  the  Legislature  of  the 
State  of  West  Virginia,  for  his  services  while  connected 
with  the  Virginia  volunteers. 

During  the  campaign  in  Georgia,  ending  with  the  cap- 
ture of  Atlanta  by  the  army  under  General  Sherman,  the 
company  commanded  by  Captain  Norton  was  reduced 
by  battle  and  disease,  from  a  full  complement  of  one 
hundred  officers  and  men,  to  one  captain,  one  corporal, 
and  eight  men. 

From  1865  to  1870,  Major  Norton  continued  to  serve 
in  Alabama,  Mississippi,  and  Texas,  performing  duty 
under  the  reconstruction  laws  of  Congress,  and  in  186S 
and  1869  was  military  mayor  of  the  city,  and  com- 
manding officer  of  the  post  of  Jackson,  Mississippi.  He 
was  retired  from  active  service  December  17,  1870,  for 
disability  incurred  in  the  line  of  duty,  and  is  now  en- 
gaged in  the  banking  business  at  his  former  home,  at 
Wheeling,  West  Virginia,  and  in  carrying  on  mining 
operations  in  Colorado  and  West  Virginia. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


295 


CAPTAIN   AND  BRF.VET  MAJOR  JOHN  M.  NORVF.LL, 
U.S.A.  (retired). 

Captain  and  Brevet  Major  Joiix  M.  Norvell  was 
born  in  Michigan  July  22,  1832.  Early  in  the  war  of 
the  Rebellion  he  entered  the  volunteer  service  as  second 
lieutenant  of  the  Second  Michigan  Infantry,  May  25, 
1 86 1,  and  was  honorably  mustered  out  August  31,  1861. 
He  was  appointed  captain  and  acting  assistant  adjutant- 
general  of  volunteers  August  30,  1861,  and  promoted 
major  and  assistant  adjutant-general  of  volunteers  August 

22,   1862. 

He  participated  in  the  campaigns  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  from  1 86 1  to  1865,  in  the  Manassas  campaign, 
and  engaged  at  the  action  of  Blackburn's  Ford,  and  the 
first  battle  of  Bull  Run,  in  1861  ;  with  the  First  Division, 
Second  Army  Corps,  in  the  Peninsula  campaign  ;  and 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  Fair  Oaks  and  the  Seven  Days' 
fights,  in  1862  ;  in  the  Maryland  campaign,  ami  engaged 
in  the  battle  of  Antietam,  1862;  in  the  Rappahannock 
campaign,  and  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville, 
Virginia,  1863  ;  in  the  Pennsylvania  campaign,  and  en- 
gaged in  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania,  1863. 

Major  Norvell  was  assigned  to  the  Third  Corps,  Army 
of  the  Potomac,  from  September,  1863,  to  March,  [864, 
when  he  was  transferred  to  the  Second  Division,  Second 
Corps,  serving  with  it  to  the  close  of  the  war,  and  en- 
raged in  all  its  battles,  from  the  Wilderness  to  the  sur- 
render  of  General  Lee. 

Major  Norvell  resigned  from  the  volunteer  service 
June  21,  1865,  and  was  appointed  first  lieutenant  of  the 
Thirty-first  U.  S.  Infantry  July  28,  1866.  He  was  bre- 
vetted  captain  March  2,  1867,  for  "  gallant  and  meri- 
torious services  in  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  Pennsyl- 
vania;" and  major  for  "  gallant  and  meritorious  services 


in  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness,  Virginia."  He  was  also 
brevetted  lieutenant-colonel  of  volunteers  April  9,  1865, 
for  "  meritorious  services  in  the  recent  campaign  termi- 
nating with  the  surrender  of  the  insurgent  army  under 
General  R.  E.  Lee." 

Major  Norvell  served  on  the  Upper  Missouri  River  in 
1866,  and  was  at  Fort  Buford,  Dakota  Territory,  for  two 
years,  and  constructed  most  of  the  post.  Upon  the  con- 
solidation of  regiments  he  was  unassigned  May  15,  1869, 
but  on  the  1st  of  January,  1871,  he  was  assigned  to  the 
Twelfth  Infantry.  He  served  at  Angel  Island,  Cali- 
fornia, and  at  various  other  posts  in  other  departments 
from  1 87 1  to  1890.  He  was  promoted  captain  January 
31,  1S74.  His  last  station  was  at  Fort  Yates,  North 
Dakota,  from  which  he  went  on  sick-leave  of  absence, 
and  was  retired  for  disability  in  the  line  of  duty  Decem- 
ber 29,  1890. 


296 


OFFICERS    OF   THE  ARMY  AXD   XAVY  (regular) 


MEDICAL  INSPECTOR   A.   S.   OBERLY,  U.S.N. 
(retired). 

Medical  Inspector  A.  S.  Oberlv  was  born  near 
Easton,  Pennsylvania,  on  April  7,  1S37,  and  graduated 
in  medicine  at  Yale  College  in  i8f>o.  At  the  outbreak 
of  the  Civil  War  he  was  engaged  in  the  practice  of  medi- 
cine at  New  Haven,  Connecticut,  and  after  refusing  sev- 
eral flattering  offers  to  join  the  volunteer  army  as  surgeon, 
he  answered  a  call  of  the  Secretary  1  if  the  Navy  to  appear 
before  an  examining  board;  after  which  he  was  appointed 
an  assistant  surgeon,  and  assigned  to  the  receiving-ship 
"  ( )hio,"  at  Boston,  and  later  was  commissioned  an  assist- 
ant surgeon  July  30,  1861. 

His  next  duty  was  on  the  frigate  "Sabine,"  off  the 
South  Carolina  coast,  and  while  en  route  for  an  attack  on 
Port  Royal,  the  rescuing  of  about  four  hundred  marines 
from  the  foundering  steamer  "Governor"  detained  the 
ship  until  too  late  for  action. 

In  January,  [862,  he  was  transferred  to  the  gun-boat 
"  Kineo,"  and  participated  with  Flag-officer  Farragut  in 
his  attacks  and  passage  of  Forts  Jackson  and  St.  Philip, 
ami  Port  Hudson,  and  was  present  during  the  attack  on 
Baton  Rouge,  where  he  assisted  the  arm)'  in  caring  for 
the  wounded. 

During  the  siege  of  Port  Hudson  he  was  on  duty 
ashore,  at  the  request  of  the  medical  director  of  the 
army,  but,  owing  to  weeks  of  prolonged  arduous  ser- 
vice and  loss  of  rest  in  a  malarious  locality,  his  health 
became  greatly  impaired. 

About  the  same  time  he  was  called  upon  by  the  army 
to  assist  in  taking  care  of  the  Union  and  Confederate 
wounded,  during  an  attack  on  Fort  Butler,  at  Donald- 
sonville,  1  .ouisiana. 

After  the  opening  of  the  Mississippi  River,  he  was 
ordered  to  the  Naval  Academy  at  Newport,  Rhode 
Island,  and  the  following  autumn  was  sent  to  the  North 


Atlantic  Squadron,  and  by  Admiral  Porter  assigned  to 
the  steamer  "  Santiago  dc  Cuba,"  participating  in  both 
attacks  on  Fort  Fisher. 

After  the  fall  of  Fort  Fisher  that  vessel  conveyed  the 
wounded  to  the  Naval  Hospital  at  Norfolk,  and  subse- 
quently carried  cabinet  officers  and  their  friends  to  visit 
the  different  battle-fields  along  the  Atlantic  coast  and 
the  James  River. 

His  next  service  was  at  the  Naval  Hospital  at  New 
York,  and  a  few  months  afterwards  on  the  steamer 
"  Rhode  Island,"  which  brought  the  Confederate  steamer 
"Stonewall"  from  Havana  to  Washington. 

Following  this  duty  came  orders  to  the  navy-yard, 
New  York,  to  remain  until  June  19,  1866,  when  he  was 
promoted  to  surgeon,  after  which  he  was  transferred  to 
the  Naval  Station  at  Mound  City,  Illinois.  Leaving 
here,  he  was  ordered  to  the  steam-sloop  "  Narragan- 
sett,"  but  from  a  long  stay  at  Havana  and  Matanzas 
during  a  sickly  season,  yellow  fever  appeared  on  the 
ship,  causing  her  to  be  sent  North  to  be  put  out  of  com- 
mission. 

A  few  months  later  he  went  to  Rio  de  Janeiro  to  join 
the  sloop  "  Portsmouth,"  cruising  on  the  Brazilian  and 
African  coasts,  and  touching  at  the  different  islands  in 
the  South  Atlantic.  Here  he  had  a  varied  experience 
with  small-pox  and  yellow  fever  on  board  ship.  The 
next  assignment  was  to  the  receiving-ship  at  Boston,  but 
in  a  few  months  he  was  detached  and  ordered  as  surgeon 
of  the  navy-yard. 

In  the  winter  of  1873,  while  trouble  was  pending  be- 
tween the  United  States  and  Spain,  he  was  ordered  to 
the  iron-clad  "Dictator"  for  duty  in  the  West  Indies,  and 
from  her  he  was  transferred  to  the  navy-yard  and  hos- 
pital at  Pensacola,  Florida,  to  pass  the  next  three  and  a 
half  years. 

Leaving  here,  he  was  sent  to  the  Torpedo  Station,  and 
in  the  fall  of  1880  to  the  steamer  "  Powhatan." 

Earl)-  in  1881  he  was  detached  from  this  vessel  and 
ordered  to  the  Asiatic  Station  for  duty  as  fleet-surgeon, 
a  duty  he  performed  until  the  return  of  the  flag-ship 
"  Richmond"  in  1S84,  making,  during  this  cruise,  a  cir- 
cuit around  the  earth. 

On  his  return  to  the  United  States  he  was  promoted 
to  the  grade  of  medical  inspector,  with  the  relative  rank 
of  commander,  from  March  4,  1884,  and  then  ordered  to 
the  navy-yard  and  hospital  at  Portsmouth,  New  Hamp- 
shire, where  he  remained  until  the  spring  of  1888,  when, 
with  his  family,  he  set  apart  a  six  months'  trip  to  visit 
the  various  places  of  interest  in  Europe. 

Returning  to  the  United  States,  he  was  ordered  again 
to  the  steamer  "  Richmond,"  but  failing  health,  dating 
back  to  his  last  cruise,  compelled  him  to  accept  the 
alternative  of  the  retired  list,  and  on  which  he  was  placed 
January  J4,  1889. 


WHO  SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


297 


CAPTAIN  JAMES  O'KANE,  U.S.N. 

Captain  James  O'Kane  is  a  native  of  Indiana,  and 
was  appointed  midshipman  in  the  navy  from  that  State  on 
October  30,  1856.  Upon  graduating  from  the  Naval 
Academy  in  1 860  he  was  ordered  to  the  frigate  "  Niagara." 
When  the  Civil  War  broke  out  in  the  succeeding  year, 
and  officers  were  in  demand,  the  graduate  of  only  a  year's 
standing  was  made  acting  lieutenant  of  the  "  Niagara," 
and  in  her  participated  in  the  stirring  events  in  connec- 
tion with  Fort  1'ickens.  He  was  promoted  to  master  in 
1 861 ,  and  with  that  rank  was  second  lieutenant  of  the 
"  Brooklyn,"  and  present  at  the  passage  of  Forts  Jackson 
and  St.  Philip,  the  Chalmette  batteries,  and  the  capture 
of  New  Orleans.  At  the  passage  of  the  forts  he  was 
wounded.  I  Ie  was  present  at  the  various  attacks  upon 
and  at  the  passage  of  Vicksburg. 

He  was  commissioned  as  lieutenant  July,  1862,  and 
became  executive-officer  of  the  "  R.  R.  Cuyler"  in  the 
fall  of  1862.  He  was  executive-officer  of  the  gun-boat 
"  Paul  Jones,"  and  of  the  monitor  "Sangamon,"  on  the 
South  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron,  in  1863.  In  the 
latter  vessel  he  participated  in  various  attacks  upon  Fort 
Moultrie,  and  batteries  Bee  and  Beauregard.  He  also 
commanded  the  marine  battalion  in  an  expedition  up 
Broad  River,  South  Carolina,  in  connection  with  the 
army.  lie  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Honey  I  Till,  Tulli- 
finny  Cross-Roads,  and  in  an  engagement  <>n  the  Charles- 
ton and  Savannah  Railroad.  After  this  expedition,  Lieu- 
tenantO'Kane  served  upon  the  staff  of  Admiral  Dahlgren, 
and  continued  to  do  so  until  the  close  of  the  war.  During 
this  duty  upon  the  staff,  he  commanded  two  expeditions 
of  tugs  and  launches  up  the  Santee,  into  the  Congaree 
and  Wateree  Rivers,  with  the  object  of  communicating 
with  Sherman's  army,  which  was  expected  to  pass  through 
Columbia,  South  Carolina.  After  the  close  of  the  Civil 
War,  Lieutenant  O'Kane  served  in  the  West  Indies  on 
board  the  "  Rhode  Island,"  and  was  commissioned  as 


lieutenant-commander  in  April,  1866.  He  was  executive- 
offii  erofthe"  Swatara,"  European  Squadron,  in  1866-67, 
and  then  executive-officer  of  the  "  Lancaster,"  of  the 
South  Atlantic  Squadron.  In  1 870-7 1  he  was  in  com- 
mand of  tin-  "  Wasp,"  of  the  last-named  squadron.  After 
some  service  on  ordnance  duty  at  Pittsburg  in  1872,  he 
became  executive-officer  of  the  "  Powhatan,"  and  was  in 
command  of  the  iron-clad  "  Mahopac,"  North  Atlantic 
Squadron,  in  1873.  He  was  commissioned  as  com- 
mander in  January,  1874,  and  was  head  of  the  depart- 
ment of  ordnance  and  gunner)-  at  the  Naval  Academy 
from  1875  to  1878.  His  next  service  was  in  command 
of  the  "  Galena,"  European  Squadron,  in  1880-82.  From 
1883  to  1886  he  was  inspector  of  light-houses.  From 
1887  to  1889  he  was  on  duty  at  the  navy-yard,  Ports- 
mouth, New  Hampshire.  From  February,  1S89,  to  Feb- 
ruary, 1 891,  he  commanded  the  cruiser  "Boston,"  Squad- 
ron of  Evolution. 

Captain    O'Kane  is    at    present    in    command   of  the 
receiving-ship  "  Wabash." 


38 


29S 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD  NAVY  {regular) 


MAJOR-GENERAL  EDWARD  OTHO  CRESAP  ORD, 
U.S.A.  (deceased). 

Major-General  Edward  Otho  Cresap  (>ri>  was 
born  in  Cumberland,  Maryland,  October  iX,  [818,  and 
died  in  Havana,  Cuba,  July  22,  18S3.  He  showed  in  his 
youth  great  mathematical  ability,  which  attracted  atten- 
tion and  gained  fur  him  an  appointment  to  West  Point, 
where  lie  graduated  in  1839.  He  was  assigned  to  the 
Third  Artillery,  and  served  in  the  Florida  War  against 
the  Seminole  Indians,  [839-42,  winning  his  promotion  as 
first  lieutenant  in  1841.  He  was  one  of  two  lieutenants 
selected  by  General  Harney  to  attack  the  Indians  in  the 
Everglades, and  on  one  occasion  went  back  to  his  wounded 
sergeant,  whom  his  companions  had  deserted,  and,  taking 
his  musket,  held  the  Indians  off  until  they  returned  to  the 
rescue.  In  1847,  w'tn  Lieutenants  II.  W.  I  [alleck  and  W. 
T.  Sherman,  he  was  ordered  to  California,  via  Cape  Horn, 
where  he  served  during  the  Mexican  War,  and  at  its  close 
was  stationed  at  Monterey,  where,  by  his  individual  efforts, 
he  did  much  to  preserve  law  and  order.  Once,  following 
a  part\-  of  desperadoes  several  hundred  miles,  his  men 
deserted  him  ;  he  then  continued  alone,  overtook,  and,  by 
the  aid  of  the  inhabitants,  succeeded  in  capturing  and 
executing  them.  In  September,  1850,  he  was  promoted 
captain;  on  December  3,  1852,  he  was  assigned  to  Coast 
Survey  duty;  in  [855  he  was  on  theYskima  Indian  Ex- 
pedition; in  1856  he  was  on  the  Rogue  River  Expedition, 
being  in  command  in  the  action  of  Macknyhootney  Vil- 
lages on  March  26.  Of  this  fight  he  said,  "  It  was  the 
first  defeat  in  pitched  battle  these  Indian-,  had  ever  expe- 
rienced." During  that  night  he  carried  in  his  arms  on  his 
saddle  one  of  his  worst-wounded  men,  for  several  hours, 
through  the  thick  underbrush  to  the  river,  amid  the 
groanings  and  pleadings  of  the  poor  fellow  to  be  put  out 
of  his  misery.  He  was  also  in  command  of  the  action  at 
Chccto  Creek,  April  28,  1856.     He  was  then  stationed  at 


Benicia  until  185S,  when  he  was  on  frontier  duty  at  Fort 
Miller,  California,  and  participated  in  the  Spokane  Expe- 
dition ;  was  engaged  in  the  combat  of  Four  Lakes,  Sep- 
tember 1,  1858;  combat  of  Spokane  Plain,  September  5, 
1S58;  skirmish  of  Spokane  River,  September  8, 1858, —  the 
celebrated  chief,  Rogue  River  John,  surrendering  to  him. 
In  1859  he  was  stationed  at  Fort  Monroe,  and  was  in  the 
Harper's  Ferry  Expedition  to  suppress  the  John  Brown 
raid.  He  was  commissioned  brigadier-general  of  volun- 
teers, "  for  services  in  the  war,"  September  4,  1861,  and 
commanded  the  Third  Brigade,  Pennsylvania  Reserves. 
His  first  engagement  of  the  war  was  at  Dranesville,  where 
he  defeated  the  Confederates,  under  General  Jeb.  Stewart, 
after  a  sharp  contest  lasting  several  hours.  In  this  fight 
he  pointed  and  fired  the  first  cannon  himself,  the  shell 
causing  great  havoc  among  the  enemy.  General  John  F. 
Reynolds  said  at  the  time,  "  I  knew,  if  there  was  a  fight  to 
be  scared  up,  Ord  would  find  it."  He  was  brevetted  lieu- 
tenant-colonel for  gallantry  in  that  battle.  In  Ma)',  1862, 
he  commanded  a  division  in  the  Army  of  the  Rappahan- 
nock; in  June  and  August,  Corinth,  Mississippi.  In  May 
lie  was  promoted  major-general  of  volunteers,  and  com- 
manded left  wing,  Army  of  Tennessee;  was  engaged  in 
the  battle  of  Iuka  ;  fought  the  battle  of  the  Hatchie.  He 
was  severely  wounded, and  had  to  be  carried  from  the  field. 
After  his  recovery  he  was  given  the  18th  Army  Corps, 
before  Vicksburg.  He  was  with  Gen.  Grant  during  the 
conference  and  surrender  of  Gen.  Pemberton.  Lie  was 
engaged  in  the  capture  of  Jackson,  Miss. ;  Feb.  16,  1864, 
commanding  the  1  Stir  Army  Corps  and  all  troops  in 
the  Middle  Department.  He  was  then  given  the  Eigh- 
teenth Army  Corps,  and  took  part  in  the  movements 
before  Petersburg;  and,  crossing  his  army  to  the  north 
side  of  the  James  011  the  29th  of  September,  led  the 
forces  that  carried  the  strong  fortifications  and  long  line 
of  intrenchnients  below  Chapin's  Farm  known  as  Fort 
Harrison.  During  the  assault  he  was  severely  wounded. 
In  January  he  was  given  the  Arm)'  of  the  James  and 
Department  of  Virginia.  With  this  command  he  was 
engaged  in  the  various  operations  terminating  in  the 
evacuation  of  Richmond  and  surrender  of  General  Lee. 

He  was  twenty  years  a  general, — commanding,  after 
the  Rebellion,  the  Departments  of  Ohio,  Arkansas,  4th 
Military  District,  Departments  of  California,  Platte,  and 
Texas.     He  was  retired  with  the  rank  of  major-general. 

On  one  occasion  he  saved  a  worthless  member  of 
his  company  from  drowning,  in  San  Francisco  Bay,  by 
jumping  from  the  deck  of  the  steamer  into  the  bay  after 
him. 

The  War  Department  order  that  announced  his  death 
closed  with  these  words  :  "  As  his  intimate  associate  since 
boyhood,  the  general  (Sherman)  here  bears  testimony  of 
him  that  a  more  unselfish,  manly,  and  patriotic  person 
never  lived." 


117/0   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


299 


CAPTAIN  GILBERT  E.  OVERTON,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Captain  Gilbert  E.  Overton  was  born  in  New- 
York  City  March  18,  1845.  At  tllc  breaking  out  of  the 
war  he  was  attending  school  in  New  York  City,  and  it 
was  intended  by  his  parents  to  educate  him  for  the  law. 
lie  entered  the  service  as  second  lieutenant  of  the 
Fourth  New  York  Cavalry  September  26,  1861,  when 
but  sixteen  years  old,  and  was  consequently  one  of 
the  youngest  officers  in  the  service.  He  was  honorably 
mustered  out  April  29,  1S62,  but  re-entered  the  volun- 
teer service  as  first  lieutenant  and  adjutant  of  the 
Twelfth  New  York  Cavalry  October  25,  1S62,  from 
which  he  was  honorably  mustered  out  March  2,  1863. 
He  then,  for  the  third  time,  entered  the  service  as  first 
lieutenant  and  adjutant  Twelfth  New  York  Cavalry  Sep- 
tember 21,  1863,  and  at  the  close  of  the  war  he  was 
honorably  mustered  out  July  19,  1S65. 

During  his  volunteer  service  he  participated  in  the 
Shenandoah  Valley  campaign  of  1S62,  and  in  campaign 
in  North  Carolina  in  1863  to  1865.  He  was  appointed 
in  the  regular  army  as  second  lieutenant  of  the  Sixth 
U.  S.  Cavalry  October  2,  1867  ;  was  promoted  first  lieu- 
tenant May  22,  1872,  and  captain  December  30,  1881. 

lie  was,  for  over  twenty  years,  on  active  duty  on 
the  plains  of  the  Southwest,  during  which  period  he 
operated  against  most  of  the  powerful  savage  tribes  of 
that  section.  Fourteen  years  of  his  service  were  passed 
in  the  territories  of  Arizona  and  New  Mexico.  In  his 
report  to  the  War  Department  of  a  fight  with  the  Chey- 
enne Indians,  August  30,  1874,  Colonel  Nelson  A.  Miles, 
Fifth  Infantry,  commanding,  stated,  "  A  splendid  charge- 
was  made  by  the  First  Battalion.  .  .  .  companies  D,  F, 
and  G,  Sixth  Cavalry  .  .  .  Lieutenant  Overton  .  .  .  respec- 
tively, as  commanding  officers  .  .  .  up  a  steep  crest,  and 
the  position  carried  in  fine  style  ;"  and  at  the  conclusion 
of  that  hard  campaign  the  same  officer,  under  date  of 
March  11,  1875,  recommended  to  the  War  Department, 
"that  First  Lieutenant  G.  E.  Overton,  Sixth  Cavalry, 
be  brevcttcd  captain  U.  S.  A.,  for  distinguished  service 
in  leading  a  cavalry  charge  in  the  engagement  on  Mc- 
Clellan  Creek,  Texas,  November  8,  1S74,  and  for  faithful 
services  during  the  campaign."  This  brevet  was  not 
granted,  owing  to  the  fact  that  brevets  for  Indian  sen  i<  e 
are  not  granted  in  the  U.  S.  Army.  Major  George  B. 
Sanford,  First  Cavalry,  commanding,  in  his  report  (dated 
October  5,  188 1),  to  the  department  commander,  of  a 
fight  between  his  (Sanford's)  battalion  and  Chiricahua 
Indians  (near  Fort  Grant),  Arizona,  states,  "The  officers 
engaged  were  Lieutenant  G.  E.  Overton,  Sixth  Cavalry, 
...  all  of  whom  are  deserving  of  the  highest  commen- 
dation." 

Under  date  October  22,  1881,  Adjutant-General  J.  C. 
Kelton  (Military  Division,  Pacific),  states,  in  an  indorse- 
ment on  a  communication  from   Lieutenant  G.  E.  Over- 


ton, reporting  the  results  in  practical  tests  of  recent  im- 
provements in  arms,  "Lieutenant  Overton,  Sixth  Cav- 
alry, has  always  shown  himself  a  brilliant  young  cav- 
alry officer,  very  observant  and  progressive.  The  troop 
he  commands  is  one  of  the  best  drilled  and  most  enter- 
prising of  his  regiment." 

Colonel  James  W.  Savage,  who  commanded  the 
Twelfth  New  York  Volunteer  Cavalry  during  the  war  of 
the  Rebellion,  states,  in  a  communication  to  the  Presi- 
dent (Andrew  Johnson),  dated  Omaha,  Nebraska,  Febru- 
ary 1,  1868,  and  after  referring  to  Lieutenant  Overton's 
original  entry  into  the  volunteer  service,  and  his  hav- 
ing twice  declined  promotion  in  order  that  he  might 
retain  the  adjutancy  of  his  (Savage's)  regiment,  "at  the 
organization  of  the  First  Florida  (loyal)  Cavalry,  he 
was  offered  a  majority  in  that  regiment,  but  he  preferred 
to  remain  with  the  Twelfth  New  York  Cavalry.  I  le 
distinguished  himself  for  bravery  at  the  two  attacks  upon 
New  Berne,  North  Carolina,  in  the  early  part  of  1864; 
at  the  attack  on  Kinston,  North  Carolina,  in  December 
of  the  same  year;  at  the  battle  of  Wise's  Forks,  in 
March,  1865  ;  and  in  numerous  other  affairs  of  minor 
importance  during  the  war.  On  the  8th  of  March,  1865, 
at  Wise's  Forks,  he  led  a  most  brilliant  and  successful 
charge,  bringing  in  more  prisoners  than  were  taken  by 
the  remainder  of  the  Federal  forces  (in  an  entire  division) 
engaged  during  the  entire  day.  His  ability  in  the  posi- 
tion of  adjutant  became  well  known  in  the  department 
where  the  regiment  served." 

In  July,  1889,  Captain  Overton  left  his  post — Fort 
Stanton,  New  Mexico — on  sick-leave,  and  after  spend- 
ing two  years  in  Europe  for  his  health,  he  was  finally 
retired  from  active  duty  (in  February,  1891),  in  conse- 
quence of  permanent  disability  contracted  in  the  line 
of  duty.  In  May,  1891,  he  returned  from  Europe  and 
established  his  permanent  home  in  Washington,  D.  C. 


500 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  JOHN   II.    PAGE,   U.S.A. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  John  II.  Page  (Twenty-second 
Infantry)  was  born  in  Delaware,  March  26,  1842.  He 
is  the  sun  of  Captain  John  Page,4th  Inf.,  who  was  horri- 
bly wounded  by  a  cannon-shot  in  the  battle  of  Palo  Alto, 
May  8,  and  died  of  his  wound  July  12,  1846.  Colonel 
Page  entered  the  military  service  as  a  private  in  Com- 
pany A,  First  Illinois  Light  Artillery,  August  25,  [861, 
and    while  serving  as  a  volunteer  he   was  appointed  a 

id  lieutenant  in  the  Third    U.  S.   Infantry,  to  date 

from  August  5,  1861.  This  appointment  he  accepted 
October  24,  1861,  and  was,  in  consequence,  honorably 
disi  harged  from  the  volunteer  service  on  that  date. 

Joining  his  regiment,  he  served  with  it  in  Washington 
during  the  winter  of  [ 861,  and  was  promoted  fust  lieu- 
tenant March  12,  1862,  taking  the  held  with  the  regular 
brigade  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  participating 
in  the  Peninsula  campaign,  being  engaged  in  the  ii 
of  Yorktown,  battles  of  Gaines'  Mill,  Malvern  Hill,  and 
econd  Hull  Run.  He  also  participated  in  the  Maryland 
campaign,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Antietam; 
in  the  Rappahannock  campaign,  and  engaged  in  the 
battle  of  Fredericksburg,  Virginia,  and  the  subsequent 
movements,  terminating  with  the  battle  of  Chancellors- 
ville,  Virginia ;  in  the  Pennsylvania  campaign,  and  en- 
d  in  thebattleof  Gettysburg  and  subsequent  march 
bai  I.  to  the  Rappahannock  River,  from  whence  his  regi- 
ment was  despatched  to  assist  in  quelling  the  draft  riots 
in  New  York  City,  encamping  in  Washington  Square. 

!'•  turning  1-  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  in  September, 
he  was  engaged  in  the  Rappahannock  Station  and  Mine- 
Run  fights.  He  wintered  at  Bristol  Station,  Virginia, 
guarding  the  railroad  bridges,  when  his  regiment  was 
ordered  again  to  duty  in  New  York  City,  lie  was  pro- 
moted captain  6th  of  May,  1864,  and  was  in  command 
of  fort  Wadsworth,  New  York  harbor,  serving  as  in- 


structor of  heavy  artillery  to  the  Sixty-ninth  New  York- 
militia  during  the  scare  produced  by  the  privateer  "Ala- 
bama," fi '!'  w  Inch  service  he  was  appointed  chief  ordnance- 
officer  of  the  city  and  harbor  of  New  York,  serving  until 
the  spring  of  [865,  when,  with  his  regiment,  he  again 
joined  tin  Army  of  the  Potomac,  serving  with  the  Provost 
Brigade  attached  to  the  head- quarters  of  the  army,  and 
commanded  the  Third  Infantry  at  the  surrender  of  Lee 
at  Appomattox.  At  the  close  of  the  war  he  was  made 
brevet  captain  December  13,  1 862,  for  "  gallant  and  meri- 
torious services  in  the  battle  1  it  Fredericksburg,  Virginia ;" 
brevet  major  July  2,  [863,  for  "gallant  and  meritorious 
services  in  the-  battle  of  Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania." 

In  the  fall  of  [865  he,  with  his  regiment,  started  for 
the  frontier,  wintering  at  Jefferson  Barracks,  Missouri. 
In    the   spring  of   1866  he  was   at    Leavenworth,  Kansas, 

f 1  which   post  he  marched  to  the  Smoky  Hill   River, 

and  aided  in  building  Fort  Harker,  Kansas.  In  Novem- 
ber of  the  same  year  he  marched  to  Fort  I  >odge,  Kansas, 
wintering  in  dug-outs  on  the  banks  of  the  Arkansas. 
Indian  hostilities  had  been  uninterrupted  since  his  arrival 
at  Fort  Dodge,  of  which  he  had  his  fair  share,  and  when 
the  troops  for  the  campaign  of  1868  were  assembled, 
General  Alfred  Sully,  commanding,  placed  him  in  com- 
mand of  the  infantry  column,  leaving  him  after  the  cam- 
paign was  over  to  build  Camp  Supply,  Indian  Territory, 
and  gather  the  hostile  Indians  there  until  such  time  as 
the  Interior  Department  was  ready  to  assume  control  of 
them.  In  1 87 1  he  changed  station  to  Port  Lyon,  Colo- 
rado, and  in  July,  1874,  was  ordered  South  with  his  regi- 
ment, serving  at  Holly  Springs,  Mississippi,  and  New 
<  Means,  Louisiana  (during  White  League  troubles), 
Jackson  Barracks,  McComb  City,  and  Holly  Springs, 
from  which  place  he  was  ordered  to  duty  in  Indiana  and 
Pennsylvania  during  the  railroad  riots  of  1877.  The 
regiment,  being  concentrated  at  Wilkesbarre,  Pennsyl- 
vania, was  ordered  by  telegraph  to  Montana,  via  Corinne, 
Utah,  from  which  point  it  marched  to  Helena,  building 
log  houses  on  its  arrival.  The  spring  found  his  regiment 
again  on  the  march  to  Milk'  River  region,  his  company 
reaching  Frenchman's  Creek  November,  187S,  when, 
after  arresting  the  Canadian  Indians  trespassing  on  the 
Assinaboine  hunting-grounds,  he  took'  station  at  Fort 
Shaw,  Montana.  In  i884hewasat  Fort  Missoula,  where 
he  received,  on  the  12th  of  September,  [885,  his  majority 
in  the  Eleventh  Infantry.  He  joined  his  new  regiment 
at  Fort  Abraham  Lincoln,  Dakota;  1886  found  him  in 
command  of  Fort  Yates,  Dakota.  In  August,  1887,  his 
regiment  was  ordered  to  Fort  Niagara,  New  York,  which 
post  he  commanded  until  1889,  when  he  was  ordered  to 
Madison  Barracks. 

He  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel  February  24,  l8yi, 
and  assigned  to  duty  with  the  Twenty-second  Infantry  at 
Fort  Keogh,  Montana. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


301 


COLONEL  AND   BREVET  BRIGADIER-GENERAL  INNIS 
N.  PALMER.  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Colonel  and  Brevet  Brigadier-General  Innis  N. 
Palmer  was  born  in  New  York,  and  graduated  from  the 
Military  Academy  July  1,  1846.  He  was  promoted 
brevet  second  lieutenant  Mounted  Rifles  the  same  day, 
second  lieutenant  July  20,  1847,  and  first  lieutenant  Jan- 
uary l-J,  1853.  He  served  during  the  war  with  Mexico, 
and  arrived  at  Vera  Cruz  March  9,  1847;  participated 
in  the  siege  of  Vera  Cruz,  the  battles  of  Cerro  Gordo, 
Contreras,  Churubusco,  Chapultepec  (severely  wounded), 
and  in  the  assault  upon  and  capture  of  the  City  of  Mexico  ; 
commanded  Company  15  of  the  police  in  the  City  of 
Mexico  from  December  18,  1847,  to  June  5,  1848;  re- 
turned to  Jefferson  Barracks  in  July,  1848;  served  as 
acting  adjutant  of  his  regiment  to  March  25,  1841), 
when  he  was  on  regimental  recruiting  service  at  St. 
Louis  until  May;  then  he  rejoined  his  regiment  near 
Fort  Leavenworth  and  marched  with  it  to  Oregon 
City,  where  he  arrived  about  the  15th  of  October;  he 
served  as  acting  adjutant  of  his  regiment  from  October 
14,  1849,  to  May  1,  1850,  and  held  the  position  until 
July  1,  1854;  returning  East,  served  at  Jefferson  Bar- 
racks in  1851,  anil  during  the  years  [852-54  was  em- 
ployed in  Indian  campaigns  in  Texas,  and  had  stations 
at  Forts  Merrill,  Ewell,  and  Inge;  lie  was  on  recruiting 
service  in  Baltimore  when  appointed  a  captain  in  the 
Fifth  (old  Second)  Cavalry,  to  date  from  March  3, 
1855;  joined  at  Jefferson  Barracks  August  27,  1855; 
marched  with  the  regiment  to  Texas,  and  arrived  at 
Fort  Mason  January  14,  185(1,  where  he  served  until 
Jul)',  when  he  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  Camp 
Verde,  which  he  retained  until  May,  1858,  and  was 
employed  during  January  and  February,  1858,  in  oper- 
ations against  hostile  Indians  near  the  head-waters  of 
the  Brazos  and  Colorado  Rivers;  returned  to  Fort 
Mason  in  May,  1858,  and  about  one  month  later  pro- 
ceeded to  Fort  Belknap,  where  the  regiment  was  or- 
dered to  concentrate  for  the  march  to  Utah  ;  but  the 
order  was  revoked,  and  he  was  assigned  to  duty  at  that 
post,  where  he  served  until  January,  1S59.  He  returned 
to  duty  in  October,  i860,  and  conducted  a  detachment  of 
recruits  to  Texas,  and  rejoined  his  company  at  Camp 
Cooper  January  5,  1861.  He  marched  his  company  to 
Green  Lake,  where  he  was  joined  by  five  other  companies  ; 
then  conducted  the  battalion  to  Indianola,  and  there  em- 
barked on  the  steamship"  Coatzacoalcos,"  and  arrived  in 
New  York  harbor  April  II,  1861,  proceeding  directly 
to  Washington,  where  he  was  employed  in  guarding 
the  Treasury  building  and  served  in  the  defences  of  the 
city;  commanded  the  regular  cavalry  in  the  Manassas 
campaign  ;  served  as  a  member  of  a  board  convened 
at  Washington  in  August,  1861,  for  the  examination 
of  officers  who  were  reported  to  be  unable  to  perform 


field-service;  commanded  the  regiment  in  the  defences 
of  Washington  from  August  28,  [861,  until  March, 
[862,  when  he  participated  in  the  Virginia  Penin- 
sula campaign  as  a  brigade  commander  in  the  Fourth 
Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  having  been  appointed 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers  September  23,  1861,  ami 
was  engaged  in  the  siege  of  Yorktown,  in  tin-  battles  ol 
Williamsburg,  Fair  Oaks,  Glen  dale,  and  Malvern  Hill; 
he  was  then  employed  in  organizing  and  forwarding 
to  the  field  New  Jersey  and  Delaware  volunteers,  and  in 
superintending  camps  of  drafted  men  at  Philadelphia, 
until  December,  1862,  when  he  was  transferred  to  North 
Carolina,  where  he  served  until  June,  1865  ;  commanded 
at  different  periods  the  First  Division  of  the  Eighteenth 
Army  Corps,  the  Department  of  North  Carolina,  the 
District  of  Pamlico,  the  Eighteenth  Army  Corps,  the 
defences  of  New  Berne,  the  Districts  of  North  Carolina 
and  Beaufort,  and  participated  in  March,  1865,  in  Gen- 
eral Sherman's  movements,  and  was  engaged  in  the 
action  of  Kinston;  joined  his  regiment  at  Fort  Ells- 
worth, Kansas,  on  the  2istof  May,  and  commanded  it 
until  September;  he  was  on  leave  of  absence  until 
December,  and  rejoined  the  regiment  at  Fort  Laramie, 
Wyoming,  and  commanded  it  until  August,  1S67,  and 
again  from  November,  1867,  to  Jul}',  1868;  served  as 
a  member  of  a  board  convened  at  Washington  to  pass 
upon  a  system  of  cavalry  tactics  from  July,  1868,  to 
June,  1869.  He  served  at  Omaha  Barracks  and  Fort 
Sanders,  Wyoming,  until  retired  from  service  March  20, 
1879. 

Colonel  Palmer  was  brevetted  major-general  of  volun- 
teers, and  also  lieutenant-colonel,  colonel,  and  brigadier- 
general  U.  S.  Army,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services. 
He  was  promoted  major  Second  Cavalry  April  25,  1861  ; 
lieutenant-colonel  Second  Cavalry  September  23,  1S63; 
and  colonel  Second  Cavalry  June  9,  1868. 


;02 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL    DA1NGERFIELD    PARKER, 

U.S.A. 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Daingerfield  Parker  (Thir- 
teenth Infantry)  was  born  in  New  York  M.iv  23,  [832. 
He  is  the  great-grandson  of  Richard  Parker,  of  West- 
moreland County,  Virginia,  the  first  judge  of  the  Court 
of  Appeals,  and  signer  of  the  "Protest  to  the  Stamp 
\<  t ;"  great-nephew  of  Colonel  Richard  Parker  (killed 
at  the  head  of  his  regiment  at  the  siege  of  Charleston, 
Smith  Carolina,  during  the  Revolutionary  War);  of 
Colonel  Alexander  Parker,  an  officer  of  the  Revolu- 
tionary army,  and  afterwards  colonel  of  the  Fifth  Regi- 
ment of  Infantry  (regular  army),  1808;  of  Thomas 
Parker,  an  officer  of  the  Revolutionary  army,  and  after- 
wards colonel  of  the  Twelfth  (regular)  Infantry,  in  1812, 
and  promoted  (1813)  brigadier-general;  grandson  of 
William  Harmar  Parker,  a  lieutenant  in  the  Virginia 
State  Navy  during  the  war  of  the  Revolution. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  entered  the  regular  ser- 
vice at  the  commencement  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion, 
as  second  lieutenant  Third  Infantry,  April  26,  1861. 
He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  May  30,  1861,  and 
served  in  General  Patterson's  Virginia  campaign,  1861. 
He  was  with  the  Arm)-  of  the  Potomac,  and  engaged 
at  the  battles  of  first  and  second  Bull  Run,  Antietam, 
Fredericksburg,  Chancellorsville,  and  Gettysburg,  where 
he  was  slightly  wounded.  He  was  with  his  regiment 
enforcing  the  draft  in  New  York  City,  and  then  on 
recruiting  duty  in  Washington,  D.  C.  lie  commanded 
Fort  Slocum  during  the  attack  of  the  rebel  General 
Early  upon  Washington,  1).  C,  in  the  autumn  of  1804. 
Lieutenant  Parker  was  promoted  captain  in  October, 
1863,  and  was.it  Governor's  Island,  New  York  harbor, 
and  commanding  three  companies  of  his  regiment  in 
Washington,  D.  C,  to    1865.     He  was  brevetted  major 


for  "  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of 
Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania."  He  commanded  his  regi- 
ment at  the  head-quarters  Army  of  the  Potomac  in  the 
spring  of  1865;  commanded  the  Military  Prison,  St. 
Louis,  Missouri,  from  October,  1865,  to  April,  1866, 
when  he  was  ordered  to  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  and 
commanded  a  detachment  engaged  in  an  expedition 
against  hostile  Indians  to  October,  1866.  He  was  then 
stationed  at  Fort  Ilarker,  Kansas,  and  commanded  a 
battalion  engaged  in  an  expedition  against  hostile  Indians 
to  September,  1867,  and  was  then  at  Fort  Leavenworth, 
Kansas,  to  September,  1868. 

Major  Parker  was  at  Fort  Larned,  Kansas  (command- 
ing post),  from  September,  1 868,  and  from  February,  1S69, 
to  October,  1870;  then  stationed  at  Fort  Leavenworth, 
Kansas,  to  July,  1874,  when  the  Third  Infantry  changed 
station  to  the  Department  of  the  Gulf.  He  was  stationed 
at  Holly  Springs,  Mississippi,  in  July  and  August,  1874  ; 
in  command  of  post  at  Shreveport,  Louisiana,  from  Sep- 
tember, 1874,  to  July,  1876;  at  Baton  Rouge,  Louisiana, 
for  a  few  weeks,  when,  after  a  four  months'  leave,  he  was 
stationed  at  New  Orleans,  Louisiana,  until  the  early  part 
of  1877;  then  for  a  brief  period  in  command  at  Holly 
Springs,  Mississippi,  and  afterwards  of  Jackson,  Missis- 
sippi. 

lie  was  ordered  North  during  the  labor  riots  of  1877. 
stopping  for  brief  periods  at  Louisville,  Indianapolis,  and 
Pittsburg,  eventually  conducting  seven  companies  of  the 
Third  Infantry  to  Scranton,  and  afterwards  to  Wilkes- 
barre,  Pennsylvania.  He  was  ordered  West  to  Montana 
Territory  the  same  year  with  the  regiment,  going  by  rail 
to  Corinne,  Utah,  and  marching  thence  to  Helena.  He 
was  stationed  in  Montana  at  various  posts  (alternating 
with  field-service)  until  August,  1S80,  when  he  estab- 
lished Fort  Maginnis,  Montana.  He  was  then  on  leave 
for  eight  months  the  following  year,  returning  to  Mon- 
tana (Fort  Shaw)  in  May,  1882.  He  was  then  ordered  on 
recruiting  service  in  Philadelphia  until  September,  1883, 
and  then  stationed  at  David's  Island,  New  York  harbor, 
to  April,  1884. 

He  was  promoted  major  Ninth  Infantry  April  14,  1884, 
and  was  stationed  at  Fort  1).  A.  Russell,  Wyoming,  from 
June,  1884,  to  Jul}-,  [886;  thence  at  Fort  Wingate,  New- 
Mexico,  until  February,  1887;  at  Whipple  Barracks, 
Arizona,  until  October,  1887  ;  thence  to  San  Diego  Bar- 
racks, California  (in  command),  until  Jul}-,  1889;  then  on 
leave  for  four  months,  lie  was  promoted  lieutenant- 
colonel  AIa_\-  15,  1889,  and  was  in  command  of  Depot 
General  Recruiting  Service,  Xew  York  harbor,  from  Oc- 
tober, 1889,  to  October,  1891.  Thence,  after  one  month's 
leave,  to  Fort  Supply,  Indian  Territory,  remaining  there 
from  November  3  to  December  3  ;  thence  to  Fort  Sill, 
Oklahoma  Territory,  assuming  command  of  that  post 
February  13,  1892. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


COMMODORE   FOXHALL  A.   PARKER,   U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Commodore  Foxhall  A.  Parker  was  a  son  of  Com- 
modore F.  A.  Parker,  of  the  United  States  Navy,  and 
was  born  in  New  York.  Appointed  from  Virginia  March 
i  i ,  1 839 ;  attached  to  sloop  "  Levant,"  West  India  Squad- 
ron, 1840;  served  in  Florida  against  the  Indians.  Pro- 
moted to  passed  midshipman  June  29,  1843;  steamer 
"  Michigan,"  on  the  Lakes,  1844-45  >  Coast  Survey,  1848; 
Mediterranean  Squadron,  1849-50.  Commissioned  as 
lieutenant  September  28,  1850;  steam-frigate  "  Susque- 
hanna," East  India  Squadron,  1851-53;  Coast  Survey, 
1854-55;  unemployed,  1856-59;  Pacific  Squadron, 
1859-61  ;  navy-yard,  Washington,  as  executive-officer, 
1861-62;  doing  duty  with  the  navy  on  the  Potomac, 
and  with  the  army  at  Alexandria  ;  while  attached  to  the 
navy-yard  at  Washington,  was  ordered,  two  days  after 
the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  to  Fort  Ellsworth,  with  two 
hundred  and  fifty  seamen  and  marines,  to  protect  it  from 
the  attack  of  General  Beauregard,  who  was  expected  to 
storm  it,  and  by  his  prompt  and  vigorous  action  con- 
tributed greatly  to  the  safety  of  Alexandria,  and  to  ral- 
lying the  men  from  their  demoralization  after  the  defeal 
at  Bull  Run.  Commissioned  as  commander  July  16, 
1862;  commanding  steam-gun-boat  "Mahaska,"  1863; 
in  command  of  the  naval  battery  on  Morris  Island,  at 
the  bombardment  of  Fort  Sumter,  from  the  17th  to  the 
23d  of  August,  1863  ;  engaged  with  skirmishes  with 
batteries  on  the  Potomac  and  Rappahannock  Rivers,  and 
off  Wilmington,  North  Carolina,  with  rebel  troops  on 
shore,  while  commanding  the  "  Mahaska,"  in  1863,  and 
the  Potomac  Flotilla,  in  1864-65;  on  one  occasion,  at 
the  head  of  a  small  detachment  of  soldiers  and  marines, 
with  two  howitzers  manned  by  seamen,  Commander 
Parker  marched  some  distance  into  Virginia  and  drove 
a  force  of  over  one  hundred  cavalry  out  of  Matthew's 
Court-House,  which  he  took  possession  of;  Bureau  of 
Navigation,  1866.  Commissioned  as  captain  July  25, 
1866;  special  duty,  Hartford,  Connecticut,  1S67-68 ; 
navy-yard,  Boston,  1869-70;  commanding  frigate"  Frank- 


lin," European  Squadron,  1S70-71  ;  member  Board  of 
Examiners,  1872.  Commissioned  as  commodore  No- 
vember 25,  1872  ;  was  chief  of  staff  to  the  North  Atlan- 
tic Fleet,  1872;  ordered  to  special  duty  at  Washington 
August  7,  1872,  to  draw  up  a  code  of  signals  for  steam 
tactics,  and  chief  signal-officer  of  the  navy,  1S73-76.  In 
1863  he  prepared,  by  order  of  the  Navy  Department, 
systems  of  "  Fleet  Tactics  under  Steam,"  and  "  Squad- 
ron Tactics  under  Steam  ;"  in  1865,  "The  Navy  Howitzer 
Afloat;"  and  in  (866,  "The  Naval  Howitzer  Ashore," 
all  of  which  works  are  text-books  at  the  Naval  Acad- 
emy. Was  one  of  the  founders  of  United  States  Naval 
Institute,  organized  October  9,  1873,  at  Annapolis,  "  for 
the  advancement  of  professional  and  scientific  knowledge 
in  the  navy."  In  December,  1874,  Commodore  Parker 
was  appointed  chief  of  staff  of  the  united  fleets  under 
command  of  Admiral  Case,  which  were  assembled  for 
instruction  in  tactics  in  the  Florida  waters  ;  commanding 
navy-yard,  Boston,  Massachusetts,  1877-7S;  superin- 
tendent Naval  Academy,  1878-79.  Died  June  10,  1879, 
while  in  command  of  the  Academy. 

Commodore  Parker  was  the  author  of  several  works, 
most  of  them  on  professional  subjects. 


304 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


SURGEON  JOSEPH   B.  PARKER,   U.S.N. 

Surgeon  Joseph  B.  Parker  was  burn  June  20,  1841, 
in  Bloomfield,  Perry  County,  Pennsylvania.  His  father 
died  the  year  after  the  birth  of  the  subject  of  this  notice, 
and  the  family  removed  to  Carlisle.  Pennsylvania,  where 
he  was  brought  up,  being  educated  at  the  public  schools, 
ami  then  to  Dickinson  College,  from  which,  in  due 
course,  lie  received  the  degrees  of  Bachelor  of  Arts  and 
Master  of  Arts.  While  in  college  he  had  been  much 
attracted  by  the  course  in  physiology,  and  this  had  an 
influence  in  determining  him  to  pursue  the  study  of 
medicine.  His  family  had  by  this  time  moved  to  Mar- 
tinsburg,  now  in  West  Virginia,  the  home  of  his  mother's 
ancestors,  and  circumstances  rendered  it  expedient  for 
him  to  study  at  the  medical  college  at  Richmond,  in  that 
State,  but  he  afterwards  studied  in  New  York,  and  re- 
ceived his  degree  of  medical  doctor  in  that  city. 

lie  intended  to  settle  in  Virginia,  to  practise  his  pro- 
fession, but  the  breaking  out  of  the  Civil  War  interfered 
with  his  plans,  and  he  repaired  to  Baltimore,  Maryland, 
and  offered  his  services  to  the  surgeon  in  charge  of  the 
United  States  hospital  on  Camden  Street,  which,  in  1.N62, 
was  crowded  with  wounded  and  sick.  Here,  under  com- 
petent superior  officers,  young  Parker  had  a  valuable 
experience,  which  prepared  him  for  the  responsibility 
involved  in  his  subsequent  position,  and  gave  him,  in 
addition,  the  habit  of  prompt  decision.  As  the  military 
hospitals  of  Baltimore  increased  in  number,  Dr.  Parker 
was  transferred  to  the  one  in  Calvert  Street,  to  take  part 
in  its  organization. 


In  the  autumn  of  1862  he  left  this  place  to  become 
one  of  the  seventy-five  medical  cadets  provided  for  by 
Act  of  Congress,  for  service  in  hospitals  and  in  the  field. 
He  was  immediately  ordered  to  assist  in  the  organization 
of  the  Campbell  Hospital,  Washington,  with  a  capacity 
of  one  thousand  beds.  He  was  afterwards,  at  his  own 
request,  transferred  to  the  Lawson  Hospital  at  St.  Louis, 
Missouri,  devoted  to  surgical  cases  alone. 

The  government  at  that  time  needed  medical  officers 
for  service  in  the  Mississippi  Squadron,  and  made  an 
appeal  for  competent  ones.  Dr.  Parker  therefore  left 
the  Lawson  Hospital,  and  was  appointed  acting  assistant 
sur-eon  in  the  navy,  in  March,  1863. 

He  reported  to  Admiral  Porter,  whose  flag-ship  was 
then  lying  at  the  mouth  of  the  Yazoo,  and  received  orders 
assigning  him  to  the  hospital  transport  "  Red  Rover." 
From  the  hospital-boat  he  was  temporarily  ordered  to 
the  gun-boat  "  Forest  Rose,"  at  her  station  in  sight  of 
Vicksburg,  on  account  of  an  epidemic  of  small-pox  on 
board  that  vessel.  When  she  was  pronounced  clear,  he 
returned  to  the  "  Red  Rover,"  and,  after  some  months, 
was  transferred  to  Naval  Hospital,  Memphis,  Tennessee. 
Here  he  remained  until  the  termination  of  the  war  and 
the  reduction  of  the  naval  forces.  Alter  two  months' 
leave  he  was  "honorably  discharged,  with  the  thanks  of 
the  Department,"  October,  1865.  After  some  months  of 
professional  study,  Dr.  Parker  settled  in  Baltimore,  as  a 
practitioner,  and  was  fairly  successful  ;  but  years  of 
public  service  had  rendered  the  new  and  exacting  con- 
ditions of  private  practice  hard  to  accejit.  In  October, 
1866,  he  appeared  before  the  Examining  Board  at  Phila- 
delphia, and,  having  passed,  was  appointed  an  assistant 
surgeon  in  the  regular  service.  His  first  orders  were  to 
the  Naval  Academy  at  Annapolis,  where  he  remained 
until  his  promotion  to  passed  assistant  surgeon.  This 
occurred  quite  sik.ii,  on  account  of  an  Act  of  Congress, 
applicable  in  all  cases  where  service  in  the  volunteer 
navy  had  been  rendered.  In  August,  1876,  he  was  pro- 
moted to  be  surgeon. 

During  his  service  of  more  than  hventy-five  years 
in  the  regular  navy,  he  has  served  at  sea  on  all  foreign 
stations,  except  the  European.  He  has  been  employed 
on  shore  at  most  of  the  Eastern  naval  establishments. 

Surgeon  Parker  was  for  some  time  on  special  duty  at 
the  Bureau  of  Medicine  and  Surgery,  at  Washington,  and 
was  then  assistant  to  the  bureau.  During  an  interreg- 
num he  acted  as  chief  of  the  bureau. 

He  was  lately,  for  three  years,  surgeon  of  the  navy- 
yard  at  Boston. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


305 


REAR-ADMIRAL  THOMAS  PATTISON,  U.S.N. 
(retired). 
Rear-Admiral  Thomas  Pattison  was  born  in  New 
York  in  1822;  appointed  midshipman  March,  [839; 
served  in  the  Pacific  Squadn  in  fn  >m  1 839  to  1 842 ;  attached 
to  the  receiving-ship  "  Ohio"  in  1843,  and  at  the  Naval 
School,  Philadelphia,  from  1844  to  1845;  promoted  to 
passed  midshipman  July  2,  1845.  From  1846  until  1848, 
during  the  Mexican  War,  served  on  board  the  following 
ships  as  passed  midshipman  and  sailing-master :  The 
steamer"  Princeton,"  "  Raritan"  and  "  Cumberland"  frig- 
ates, the  ordnance-ship  "  Electra,"  steamer  "  Scorpion," 
and  gun-boat  "  Reefer."  Coast  Survey  in  1850  and  185  1  ; 
sailing-master  of  the  sloop  "  Portsmouth,"  in  the  Pacific, 
from  1851  to  1855.  Promoted  to  master  in  1854.  Com- 
missioned a  lieutenant  September  12,  1854;  served  on 
board  the  "  Ohio,"  receiving-ship  at  Boston,  in  1855  and 
1856  ;  navy-yard,  Boston,  in  1857  ;  steam-frigate  "  Missis- 
sippi," East  India  Squadron,  1857  to  i860;  Naval  Station, 
Sackett's  Harbor,  Lake  Ontario,  from  i860  to  186 1.  At 
the  breaking  out  of  the  war,  ordered  executive-officer  of 
the  "  Perry;"  in  June,  1861,  the  "  Perry"  had  an  engage- 
ment off  Charleston  with  the  rebel  privateer  "Savannah," 
and  captured  her  after  an  engagement  of  forty  minutes  ; 
commanded  the  steamer  "  Philadelphia,"  the  heaviest 
armed  vessel  in  the  Potomac  flotilla,  in  1861  ;  had  several 
engagements  with  the  Acquia  Creek  and  Potomac  River 
batteries  ;  the  ship  injured  in  the  last  fight  with  the 
Potomac  batteries.  Commissioned  as  lieutenant-com- 
mander July  16,  1861  ;  commanded  steamer  "  Sumter," 
South  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron,  in  1862.  In  1863 
ordered  to  Admiral  Porter's  Fleet  on  the  Mississippi 
River  ;  commanded  the  "  Dolson"  in  1863  ;  ordered  same 
year  as  commandant  of  Naval  Station  at  Memphis,  Ten- 
nessee, and  served  until  1865.     Commissioned  as  com- 


mander March  3,  1865  ;  commanded  steamer  "  Muscota," 
Atlantic  Squadron,  during  1866  and  1867;  navy-yard, 
Norfolk,  in  1867  to  1870.  Commissioned  as  captain 
|uly  3,  1870;  commanded  steam-frigate  "Richmond" 
during  the  years  of  1872  and  1873,  serving  in  the  North 
Atlantic  Squadron  and  in  the  Pacific  Squadron  ;  also 
commanded  the  steamer  "  Saranac,"  of  the  Pacific  Squad- 
ron, in  1874;  commanded  the  receiving-ship  "  Indepen- 
dence," at  Mare  Island,  California,  in  1874101877.  Com- 
missioned a  commodore  December  11,  1877,  and  ordered 
to  command  the  Naval  Station  at  Port  Royal,  South 
Carolina,  1878  to  1880;  July  1,  1880,  ordered  to  com- 
mand navy-yard,  Washington,  and  continued  in  command 
until  July  I,  1883. 

Promoted  to  rear-admiral  November  1,  1883,  and 
placed  on  the  retired  list  February  8,  1884,  having 
reached  the  prescribed  age  for  retirement. 


39 


3o6 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  {regular) 


COLONEL  AND   BREVET   BRIGADIER-GENERAL 
GABRIEL  R.   PAUL.  U.S.A.   (deceased). 

Colonel  and  Brevet  Brigadier-General  Gabriel 
R.  Paul  was  born  in  Missouri.  He  was  promoted  brevet 
second  lieutenant  and  assigned  to  the  Seventh  Infantry 
upon  his  graduation  at  the  Military  Academy,  July  I, 
1834,  and  was  on  duty  at  the  frontier  posts  of  Red  Fork, 
Indian  Territory,  1834;  Fort  Gibson,  Indian  Territory, 
1S34  to  1836;  camp  Nacogdoches,  Indian  Territory, 
1836,  and  again  at  Fort  Gibson,  Indian  Territory,  1836 
to  1 8  39. 

lie  was  promoted  second  lieutenant  Seventh  Infantry 
December  4,  1 834,  and  first  lieutenant  Seventh  Infantry 
October  26,  1836.  He  participated  in  the  Florida  War 
in  1839,  serving  against  the  Seminole  Indians,  a  camp  of 
whom  he  surprised  near  Tampa  Bay  in  1S42. 

He  was  on  duty  at  the  various  garrisons  in  the  South 
from  1842  to  1845,  and  during  the  war  with  Mexico 
(1S46  to  1848)  he  was  engaged  in  the  defence  of  Fort 
Brown  May  3  to  9,  and  participated  in  the  battle  of 
Monterey  September  21  to  23,  1846. 

He  was  promoted  captain  Seventh  Infantry  April  19, 
1846. 

From  March  9  to  29,  1847,  he  was  engaged  in  the 
siege  of  Vera  Cruz,  and  participated  in  the  battles  of 
Cerro  Gordo,  April  17-18,  where  he  was  wounded;  Con- 
treras,  August  19  to  20;  Churubusco,  and  of  Molino  del 
Rey,  September  8,  1847. 

He  participated  in  the  storming  of  Chapultepec,  Sep- 
tember 13,  1847,  with  much  distinction  and  bravery,  and 
in  recognition  of  the  services  rendered  he  was  "brevetted 
major  September  13,  1847,  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
conduct  in  the  battle  of  Chapultepec,  Mexico,"  anil  in 
1S48  he  was  presented,  by  citizens  of  St.  Louis,  Missouri 
with  a  sword  for  his  services  in  Mexico. 


From  184S  to  1850  he  was  on  recruiting  service,  and 
in  garrison  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  and  in  185 1 
on  duty  at  Jefferson  Barracks,  Missouri.  He  was  on 
frontier  duty  at  Corpus  Christi,  Texas,  1851-52,  and 
accompanied  the  expedition  on  the  Rio  Grande,  Texas, 
1852,  in  which  he  captured  Caravajol  and  his  gang  of 
desperadoes,  April  1,  1858. 

He  served  in  garrison  at  different  posts  till  1S58,  when 
he  accompanied  the  Utah  Fxpedition,  185S  to  i860, 
being  engaged  in  the  surprise  and  capture  of  a  camp  of 
hostile  Indians  on  Spanish  Fork-,  Utah,  October  2, 
1858.  He  marched  with  his  company  to  New  Mexico  in 
1S60,  serving  at  Albuquerque  and  Fort  Fillmore,  New- 
Mexico,  to  1 86 1. 

On  April  22,  1861,  he  was  promoted  major  of  the 
Eighth  Infantry,  and  served  during  the  war  of  the  Re- 
bellion, 1861  to  1865.  He  was  appointed  colonel  of  the 
Fourth  New  Mexico  Volunteers  December  9,  1S61,  and 
participated  in  the  operations  in  New  Mexico,  1861-62, 
being  engaged  as  acting  inspector-general  of  the  De- 
partment of  New   Mexico  from  July  13  to  December  13, 

1861,  on  which  date  he  assumed  command  of  Fort 
Union,  New  Mexico,  and  of  the  Southern  Military  Dis- 
trict of  New  Mexico,  to  March,  1862. 

He  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel  Eighth  Infantry, 
U.  S.  A.,  April  25,  1862,  and  participated  in  the  Rappa- 
hannock campaign  (Army  of  the  Potomac),  December, 

1862,  to  May,  1863,  being  engaged  in  the  battles  of 
Fredericksburg,  December  13,  1862,  and  Chanccllorsv  ille, 
May  2  to  4,  1863.  He  was  appointed  brigadier-general 
U.  S.  Volunteers  April  18,  1863,  and  participated  in  the 
Pennsylvania  campaign,  Army  of  the  Potomac  June- 
July,  1863,  being  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Gettysburg, 
July  1,  1863,  where  he  was  severely  wounded  by  a  rifle- 
ball,  which  deprived  him  of  the  sight  of  both  eyes.  He 
was  on  leave  of  absence  from  July  1,  1863,  to  February 
16,  1865,  disabled  by  the  Gettysburg  wound. 

On  September  13,  1864,  he  was  promoted  colonel 
Fourteenth  Infantry,  and  from  February  16  to  June  13, 
1865,  he  was  deputy  governor  of  the  "  Soldiers'  Home," 
near  Washington,  D.  C.  From  June  13,  1865,  to  De- 
cember 20,  1866,  he  was  in  charge  of  the  Military  Asy- 
lum at  Harrodsburg,  Kentucky. 

lie  was  retired  from  active  service  February  16,  1 865, 
for  disability  resulting  from  wounds  received  in  the  line 
of  duty,  and  on  February  23,  1865,  he  was  brevetted 
brigadier-general  U.  S.  Army  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania. 

On  September  1,  1866,  he  was  mustered  out  of  the  vol- 
unteer service. 

He  was  the  recipient,  in  November,  1863,  of  a  mag- 
nificent jewelled  sword,  the  present  of  the  Twenty-ninth 
New  Jersey  Volunteers,  as  a  recognition  of  his  gallant 
services,     lie  died  May  5,  1 886. 


MHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


307 


REAR-ADMIRAL  HIRAM   PAULDING,  U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Rear-Admiral  Hikam  Paulding  was  born  December 
11,  1797,  at  Cortlandt,  New  York,  on  the  farm  which 
New  York  gave  his  father,  John  Paulding,  in  recognition 
of  his  services  in  the  capture  of  Andre.  In  1S11  he  was 
appointed  midshipman,  and,  as  he  was  then  not  fourteen 
years  of  age,  was  permitted  to  continue  his  studies  until 
war  was  declared  against  England  the  next  year,  when  he 
was  ordered  to  Lake  Ontario.  From  here  he  was  trans- 
ferred to  Lake  Champlain,  and  when  the  "  Ticonderoga" 
was  put  into  commission  was  assigned  to  her,  and  here 
he  was  on  September  11.  [814  (a  midshipman  not  seven- 
teen years  old  doing  duty  as  lieutenant),  when  McDon- 
ough  gave  battle  to  the  British  fleet,  and  achieved  one  of 
the  most  signal  victories  of  the  war.  Paulding's  courage 
and  intelligence  received  favorable  mention  from  his  com- 
manding officer,  and  he  was  voted  a  sword  by  Congress. 
His  next  service  was  on  the  frigate  "  Constellation,"  in  the 
war  with  Algiers  ;  and  after  a  cruise  in  the  Pacific  of  three 
years,  he  obtained  leave  of  absence  and  secured  admission 
to  the  private  Military  Academy  of  Captain  Partridge  at 
Norwich,  Vermont. 

In  1822,  his  health  failing  from  stud}-,  he  went  to  Bos- 
ton, and  under  an  assumed  name,  in  the  garb  of  a  common 
sailor,  entered  a  rigging-loft  that  he  might  become  famil- 
iar with  that  work  of  his  adopted  profession.  His  leave 
of  absence  ended,  he  was  ordered  to  the  West  Indies,  and 
in  1824  joined  the  frigate  "  United  States,"  and  was  absent 
in  the  Pacific  Ocean  for  nearly  five  years. 

Returning  from  this  long  cruise,  he  was  permitted  a 
short  respite  from  sea-duty,  and  it  was  at  this  time  he  was 
married  to  the  devoted  wife  who,  for  nearly  fifty  years, 
gave  new  happiness  to  his  life, — a  daughter  of  Jonathan 
W.  Kellogg,  of  Pdatbush,  Long  Island. 

After  a  cruise  in  the  Mediterranean,  he  commanded 
successively  the  "Shark,"  "Levant,"  " Vincennes,"  and 
"St.  Lawrence,"  and  in  1855  was  appointed  to  command 
the  West  India  Squadron. 

In  returning  to  the  United  States  the  filibuster 
Walker,  he  incurred  the  hostility  of  the  Southern  "  fire- 
eaters,"  and  at  their  behest  was  relieved  of  his  command. 
This  adventurer  had  fitted  out  an  expedition  in  the  United 
States  for  the  purpose  of  seizing  Nicaragua,  the  intention 
being  to  found  there  a  slave  government  in  sympathy 
with  the  Southern  States.  Walker  had  already  landed 
when  Commodore  Paulding  arrived  at  Greytown,  and 
the  question  arose  whether  to  invade  the  territory  of  a 
friendly  government  for  its  protection  from  desperadoes 
from  our  shores,  or  assume  that,  as  he  had  landed, 
the  United  States  government  had  no  further  responsi- 
bility in  the  matter.  It  was  not  Paulding's  habit  to  hesi- 
tate between  right  and  wrong,  and  Walker  was  seized 
and  returned  to  the  United  States.     Commodore  Paulding 


was  censured  by  Mr.  Buchanan,  but  he  was  fully  sus- 
tained by  the  people  of  the  country,  who,  three  years 
later,  were  called  to  save  their  own  government  from 
destruction  at  the  hands  of  those  who  had  been  friendly 
to  Walker. 

The  Congress  of  Nicaragua  voted  Commodore  Pauld- 
ing a  large  tract  of  land  and  a  sword.  Our  government 
permitted  the  acceptance  of  the  sword,  but  the  land  was 
declined. 

In  1 86 1,  Commodore  Paulding  was  ordered  upon  spe- 
cial  duty  in  the  Navy  Department,  to  assist  the  Secretary 
of  the  Navy  in  the  reorganization  rendered  necessary  by 
the  defection  of  many  officers  of  Southern  birth.  At 
this  time  his  patriotism,  intelligence,  and  energy  were  of 
inestimable  value  to  the  country,  as  also  when  afterwards 
he  was  transferred  to  command  the  navy-yard  in  New 
York.  While  attached  to  the  Navy  Department,  Com- 
modore Paulding  was  ordered  by  President  Lincoln  to 
destroy  the  navy-yard  at  Norfolk,  Virginia,  and  bring 
from  there  such  vessels  as  could  be  removed.  This 
service  was  performed  in  a  manner  which  elicited  the 
President's  strong  commendation,  although  its  success 
was  much  impeded  by  the  failure  of  officers,  because 
of  disloyalty,  to  render  assistance  expected  of  them. 
Some  of  the  vessels  had  been  scuttled  and  could  not  be 
rem  o  veil. 

Great  interest  was  taken  by  Admiral  Paulding  in  the 
construction  of  the  "  Monitor,"  and  to  his  foresight  was 
due  the  fact  that  the  "  Monitor"  was  at  Fortress  Monroe 
to  meet  the  "  Merrimac." 

The  labor  and  anxieties  of  the  war,  at  his  advanced 
age,  told  seriously  upon  his  health,  and  the  Rebellion 
being  ended,  he  was  glad  to  retire  to  the  quiet  of  his 
farm  at  Huntington,  Long  Island,  where,  on  October  20, 
1S78,  he  passed  to  the  better  life,  mourned  by  all  who 
knew  him. 


3o8 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


MEDICAL  DIRECTOR  GEORGE  PECK,  U.S.N. 
(retired). 

Medical  Director  George  Peck  is  a  native  of  New 
Jersey,  ami  graduated  at  the  College  of  Physicians  and 
Surgeons,  at  New  York,  afterwards  receiving  the  hono- 
rary degree  of  A.M.  from  the  College  of  New  Jersey,  at 
Princeton;  commissioned  assistant-surgeon  February, 
1 85  i.  His  first  duty  was  on  board  the  "  Cyane,"  in  the 
Gulf  and  the  West  Indies, — a  most  interesting  cruise. 
He  crossed  the  Isthmus  of  Panama  before  the  construc- 
tion of  the  railroad  ;  assisted  the  survivors  of  Strain's 
Darien  Expedition  ;  went  to  the  Pacific  via  the  San  Juan 
River  and  Lake  Nicaragua,  carrying  despatches  to  the 
U.  S.  Minister  at  I  .eon,  and  other  important  duty  ;  present 
at  the  bombardment  of  San  Juan  del  Norte.  1  le  served 
for  a  year  at  the  Naval  Rendezvous  at  New  York  ;  was 
then  examined  and  promoted,  and  ordered  to  the  frigate 
"  St.  Lawrence,"  of  the  Brazil  Squadron,  serving  in  the 
Paraguay  Expedition  during  the  cruise.  Upon  his  return 
he  was  attached  to  the  "  North  Carolina,"  and  then  went 
to  the  Brazils  again  in  the  steam-sloop  "Seminole." 
When  that  vessel  was  ordered  home,  on  account  of  the 
breaking  out  of  the  Civil  War,  he  was  commissioned 
surgeon  Ma)',  1861.  He  served  in  the  "Seminole" 
against  the  batteries  on  the  Potomac,  and  was  present 
at  the  capture  of  Port  Royal,  Fernandina,  and  Norfolk. 
He  was  then  detached  from  that  vessel,  and  was  for  some 
time  upon  marine  recruiting  duty  in  New  York.  After 
this  he  served  for  a  year  in  the  "  Dictator,"  of  the  North 
Atlantic  Blockading  Fleet.  In  September,  1865,  he  was 
ordered  to  the  "  Vanderbilt,"  which  vessel  was  the  con- 
voy of  the  "  Monadnock"  to  San  Francisco  via  the 
Straits  of  Magellan.  En  route  these  vessels  witnessed 
the  bombardment  1  if  Valparaiso  and  Callao  by  the  Spanish 
fleet.     He  volunteered  in  aid  of  the  wounded  at  Callao, 


and  assisted  the  medical  officers  on  board  the  "  Villa  de 
Madrid"  of  the  Spanish  fleet.  Tendered  his  services, 
also,  to  the  Peruvian  medical  officers.  In  June,  i866,he 
was  detached  from  the  "  Vanderbilt,"  and  accompanied 
Commodore  John  Rodgers  from  San  Francisco  across 
the  continent  to  the  Atlantic  coast.  It  was  before  the 
railway  was  completed,  and  they  were  escorted  a  part  of 
the  way  by  a  squadron  of  U.  S.  cavalry. 

Upon  his  return  he  was  ordered  to  the  navy-yard, 
New  York,  but,  after  about  a  year's  service  there,  he  was 
ordered  to  the  frigate  "  Sabine,"  which  took  the  gradu- 
ated class  of  midshipmen  from  the  Naval  Academy  on 
a  cruise  to  Europe  and  the  Brazils.  They  returned  in 
Jul\',  1870,  and  he  was  again  ordered  to  the  New  York 
Navy-Yard. 

Commissioned  as  medical  inspector  May,  1 871.  In 
May,  1872,  he  was  ordered  as  fleet-surgeon  of  the 
North  Atlantic  Fleet.  Joined  the  flag-ship  "  Worcester" 
at  Key  West.     In   February,  1874,  he  was  ordered  as  a 


member  of  the   Retiring  Board, 


for  Examination  of 


Officers  for  Promotion,  at  Washington.  In  1877  he  was 
detached,  and  ordered  as  member  of  the  Naval  Medical 
Examining  Board. 

Commissioned  medical  director  of  the  grade  of  captain 
January  7,  1S7S.  He  then,  for  nearly  two  years,  served 
on  the  Retiring  Board,  and  as  president  of  the  Medical 
Examining  Hoard;  and  then  as  president  of  the  Board 
of  Physical  Examination  of  Officers  for  Promotion.  On 
February  29,  1880,  he  was  detached  from  these  duties, 
and  ordered  to  the  Medical  Examining  Board  at  Phila- 
delphia. In  Jul}'  of  that  year  he  was  detached,  and 
ordered  to  the  charge  of  the  Naval  Hospital  at  Mare 
Island,  California.  He  served  there  over  three  years, 
and  then  came  East  on  leave,  and  in  December,  1883, 
was  ordered  to  duty  on  the  Board  of  Inspection  and 
Survey.  After  this  he  was  a  member  of  a  Court  of 
Inquiry  at  Washington,  and  then  delegate  from  the 
Medical  Department  of  the  Navy  to  the  American 
Medical  Association  at  Washington,  1884,  and  at  New 
Orleans,  Louisiana,  in  1885. 

Medical  Director  Peck  was  again  a  representative  of 
the  Medical  Department  of  the  Navy,  at  Washington,  in 
18S7.  Finally,  he  was  ordered  as  member  of  the  Ex- 
amining Board,  Navy  Department,  Washington,  on  No- 
vember 5,  1887,  and  detached  on  Jul}-  9,  iSSS,  when,  by 
operation  of  law ,  he  was  transferred  to  the  retired  list  of 
officers  of  the  navy. 

He  is  a  member  of  the  American  Medical  Association, 
American  Academy  of  Medicine,  American  Public  Health 
Association,  New  York  Academy  of  Medicine,  Society 
for  the  Relief  of  Widows  and  Orphans  of  Medical  Men, 
Military  <  )rder  of  the  Loyal  Legion  of  the  United  State-, 
New  Jersey  Historical  Society,  and  Washington  Head 
Quarters  Association  of  Moorestown,  New  Jersey. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


309 


MAJOR   AND    BREVET  COLONEL  ALEXANDER   C. 
M.  PENNINGTON,   U.S.A. 

Major  and  Brevet  Colonel  Alexander  C.  M.  Pen- 
nington (Fourth  Artillery)  was  born  in  New  Jersey, 
January  8,  1838,  and  graduated  at  the  Military  Academy 
July  1,  i860.  Me  was  promoted  brevet  second  lieuten- 
ant Second  Artillery  the  same  day;  second  lieutenant 
February  1,  and  first  lieutenant  May  14,  1861.  He 
served  in  garrison  at  Fort  Monroe,  Virginia,  until  the 
commencement  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  and  then 
was  in  the  defences  of  Washington  to  April  4,  1861, 
being  attached  to  a  light  battery  of  the  first  Artillery 
(Magruder's).  In  the  defence  of  Fort  Pickens,  Florida, 
in  Battery  H,  Second  Artillery,  April  19,  and  was  en- 
gaged in  the  bombardments  of  November  22-23,  1861, 
and  January  1,  1862. 

Lieutenant  Pennington  was  then  transferred  to  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  served  in  the  Peninsula, 
Maryland,  and  Rappahannock  campaigns,  with  horse 
batteries,  ami  was  engaged  in  the  siege  of  Yorktown, 
battle  of  Williamsburg,  action  of  Mechanicsville,  and  bat- 
tles of  Gaines'  Mill  and  Malvern  Hill,  Virginia;  action 
of  Boonesborough,  battle  of  Antietam,  being  with  Horse 
Battery  A,  Second  Artillery  (Tidball's).  Assumed  com- 
mand of  Horse  Battery  M,  Second  Artillery,  Septembei 
23,  1S62,  and  was  engaged  in  action  of  Shepardstown 
Ford,  Maryland  (attached  to  Pleasanton's  Cavalry  Bri- 
gade), Martinsburg,  Nolan's  Lord,  Philomont,  Upper- 
ville,  Barber's  Cross-roads,  Corbin's  Cross-roads,  bat- 
tles of  Fredericksburg  and  Chancellorsville,  Beverly 
Ford,  Hanover,  Pennsylvania  (attached  to  Custer's  bri- 
gade of  cavalry),  Hunterstown,  Pennsylvania;  battle  of 
Gettysburg;  pursuit  of  the  rebel  army,  with  skirmishes  at 
Monterey  Springs,  Williamsport,  Boonsborough,  1  lagers- 
town,  and  action  at  Falling  Waters.  He  commanded 
Horse  Batter)-  M,  Second  Artillery,  with  Custer's  brigade 
in  the  Rapidan  campaign,  and  engaged  in  the  actions  of 
James  City,  Virginia;  Brandy  Station,  Buckland  Mills, 
and  Morton's  Ford;  in  the  Richmond  campaign  with  the 
same  battery,  attached  to  Wilson's  Cavalry  Division,  and 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness ;  in  Sheridan's 
raid  to  Haxall  Landing:,  and  returning  to  Newcastle, 
Virginia,  participating  in  the  combats  of  Yellow  Tavern 
and  Meadow  Bridge ;  in  Sheridan's  raid  towards  Gor- 
donsville,  and  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Trevilian  Station. 

Lieutenant  Pennington  was  promoted  captain  March 
30,  1864,  and  was  appointed  colonel  of  the  Third  New 
Jersey  Cavalry  October  I,  1S64.  He  participated  in 
Sheridan's  Shenandoah  campaign,  in  command  of  the 
First  Brigade,  Third  Cavalry  Division  (Custer's),  and 
was  engaged  in  all  the  battles,  actions,  and  combats  oi 
that  arm\-;  and  was  in  the  Richmond  campaign,  and  en- 
gaged at  the  battles  of  Five  Forks  and  Sailor's  Creek, 
and  action  at  Appomattox  Station,  and  present  at  the 


capitulation  of  General  Lee,  April  9,  1865.  He  then 
marched  to  Danville,  Virginia,  returned  to  Petersburg, 
and  thence  to  Washington,  D.  C,  in  May,  1865.  He  was 
mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service  July   31,   1865. 

He  was  brevetted  "lor  gallant  and  meritorious  ser- 
vices," captain,  June  9,  [863,  for  Beverly  Ford;  major,  [uly 
3,  [863,  for  Gettysburg;  lieutenant-colonel,  Oct.  19,  1864, 
for  Cedar  Creek",  Virginia;  colonel,  March  1  3,  1865,  for 
during  the  war.  He  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers,  July  1  5,  1865,  for  faithful  and  meritorious  ser- 
vices.    Promoted  major  Fourth  Artillery  Nov.  8,  1882. 

Colonel  Pennington  commanded  during  the  war  Light 
(Horse)  Battery  M,  Second  Artillery,  from  Sept.,  [862, 
to  Oct.,  1864,  and  then  commanded  the  First  Brigade, 
Third  Cavalry  Division  (Custer's),  to  Aug.  1,  1865. 

At  the  close  of  the  war,  in  tile  fall  of  1865,  Colonel 
Pennington  was  ordered  with  Light  Battery  M,  Second 
Artillery,  to  California,  where  he  remained  until  1872, 
ami  then  his  regiment  was  transferred  to  the  Atlantic 
coast,  where  he  occupied  various  stations  until  [877, 
when  he  participated  in  suppressing  the  riots  of  that 
year,  being  in  garrison  at  the  Pittsburg  Arsenal  until 
October,  1877,  when  he  was  ordered  to  Fort  McHenry, 
Maryland,  remaining  there  until  1881.  He  was  trans- 
ferred to  Light  Battery  A,  Second  Artillery,  March  iX, 
1879,  and  was  in  garrison  at  Washington  Barracks  until 
November,  1882.  He  marched  with  his  battery  to  York- 
town,  Virginia,  and  returned  in  November,  I  88  I  ;  also  to 
Antietam  and  Gettysburg  in  1882.  He  was  in  garrison 
at  Fort  Trumbull,  Connecticut,  from  1882  until  Septem- 
bei- 1,  1885,  when  he  was  detailed  for  duty  at  U.  S. 
Artillery  School,  Fort  Monroe,  Virginia,  from  September 
1,  1885,  to  June  1,  1892,  as  director  departments  of 
artillery,  chemistry,  and  explosives,  callistics,  artillery 
practical  exercises,  instructor  of  photography,  etc.  In- 
spector of  Artillery  Department  of  East  since  June  2,1891. 


;io 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


REAR-ADMIRAL  A.  M.  PENNOCK,  U.S.N,  (deceased). 

This  excellent  officer  was  best  known  to  the  navy 
during  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  for  his  work  at  Cairo,  at 
the  junction  of  the  Ohio  and  the  Mississippi.  This  com- 
mand required  a  man  ot  courage,  of  firm  will,  and,  above 
all,  of  incessant  industry,  activity,  and  vigilance.  These 
win-  found  combined  in  the  subject  of  this  sketch. 

Alexander  M.  Pennock  was  bom  in  Norfolk,  Virginia, 
and  was  appointed  a  midshipman  from  Tennessee  April 
1,  [828.  The  custom  of  appointing  lads  from  the  older 
States  as  midshipmen  from  Western  States  was  quite 
common  at  that  time.  Pennock's  first  cruise  was  in  the 
frigate  "  Guerriere"  in  the  Pacific,  and  he  then  sailed  in 
the  sloop-of-war  "Natchez,"  of  the  Brazil  Squadron. 
Passing  in  June,  1834,  he  served  successively  in  the  frigate 
"  Potomac,"  in  the  Mediterranean,  and  the  frigate  "  Co- 
lumbia," in  the  East  Indies.  Promoted  lieutenant  in 
March,  1839.  Served  in  1843—46  in  the  "Decatur," 
coast  of  Brazil  ;  then  at  the  Norfolk  Navy- Yard ;  in  the 
store-ship  "  Supply,"  and  was  first  lieutenant  of  the  sloop 
"  Marion,"  of  the  Mist  India  Squadron.  For  many 
months  the  "  Marion"  was  the  only  American  man-of- 
war  in  China,  and  much  devolved  upon  her.    Her  "  smart- 


ness" and  general  fine  condition  reflected  the  greatest 
credit  upon  her  executive-officer,  who,  often  for  months 
.it  a  time,  did  not  leave  the  ship. 

The  "  Marion,"  when  lying  in  the  Typa,  near  Macao, 
had  the  experience  of  having  a  small  frigate  to  blow  up 
close  to  her.  The  ships  were  moored,  and  just  cleverly 
swung  clear.  The  scene  was  appalling,  and  the  destruc- 
tion of  the  Portuguese  complete.  A  rain  of  debris  fol- 
lowed, and  a  pall  of  smoke  drifted  over  the  "  Marion." 
In  the  midst  of  it  Lieutenant  Pennock  (who  was  in  tem- 
poral')' command)  called  to  quarters,  the  decks  and  bunts 
of  sails  were  set  down,  and  boats  lowered  to  rescue  sur- 
vivors. These  were  few.  Nine  living  men  were  picked 
up,  but  six  of  them  died  soon  after  being  brought  on 
board  the  "  Marion."  He  received  the  thanks  of  the 
Portuguese  government,  but  was  more  pleased  with  the 
conduct,  in  a  sudden  emergency,  of  the  ship's  company 
he  had  drilled.  During  this  cruise  he  had  an  illness 
which  resulted  in  the  loss  of  sight  of  one  eye. 

He  was  light-house  inspector  during  the  years  1853— 
56.  Commissioned  commander  in  December,  1855,  and 
was  on  special  duty  in  connection  with  the  steam-frigate 
"Niagara"  in  1857.  He  was  in  command  of  the  steamer 
"Southern  Star"  in  the  Paraguay  Expedition,  1859-60, 
ami  was  light-house  inspector  for  the  second  time,  when 
in  1862  he  was  ordered  to  duty  as  fleet-captain  of  the 
Mississippi  Squadron,  where  he  remained  for  two  years, 
gaining,  as  we  have  said,  a  reputation  for  executive  ability 
of  the  highest  order.  He  was  commissioned  as  captain 
January  2,  1863. 

In  1866-67  he  was  captain  of  the  yard  at  New  York. 
During  Admiral  Farragut's  cruise  in  luiropean  waters, 
in  1868,  he  was  selected  to  command  his  flag-ship,  the 
"  Franklin."  He  was  commissioned  commodore  in  May 
of  that  year,  ami  he  had  command  of  the  European 
Squadron  in  1869-70. 

From  1871  to  1873  he  was  in  command  of  the  navy- 
yard  at  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire. 

He  received  his  commission  as  rear-admiral  in  187J, 
and  commanded  the  Pacific  Squadron  from  187310  1875. 
He  was  upon  special  duty  when  he  died,  in  1876. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


3" 


COLONEL  AND  BREVET  MAJOR-GENERAL  GALUSHA 
PENNYPACKER,  U.S.A.  (retired).* 

Colonel  and  Brevet  Major-Genekal  Galusha  Pen- 
nyi'Acker  is  a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  belonging  to  one  of 
its  oldest  families,  whose  names  are  written  in  the  annals 
of  the  State  and  nation.  The  appointment  to  West  Point 
from  the  Sixth  Congressional  Distriet  having  been  ten- 
dered him,  he  would,  but  for  the  war,  have  probably 
entered  the  Military  Academy  in  1 86 1  or  1862. 

General  Pennypacker  entered  the  service  in  April,  1861. 
Declining,  on  account  of  his  youth,  the  appointment  of 
first  lieutenant  in  his  company,  A,  of  the  Ninth  Regiment 
Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  he  was  made  a  non-commis- 
sioned staff-officer  of  that  regiment,  and  served  with  it, 
during  its  three  months  of  service,  in  Major-General 
Patterson's  column,  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  Virginia. 

He  entered  "  for  the  war"  as  captain  of  Company  A, 
Ninety-seventh  Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  August  22, 
1861,  and  was  promoted  major  October  7  following. 
The  Ninety-seventh  Regiment  joined  the  Tenth  Corps 
in  the  Department  of  the  South,  and  during  the  years 
1862  and  1863  participated  in  all  the  various  movements, 
engagements,  and  sieges,  in  which  that  corps  took  part, 
on  the  coasts  of  South  Carolina  (Forts  Wagner  and 
Gregg,  James  Island  and  siege  of  Charleston),  Georgia 
(capture  of  Fort  Pulaski),  and  Florida  (taking  of  Fernan- 
dina  and  Jacksonville). 

General  Pennypacker  commanded  his  regiment  and 
the  post  of  Fernandina,  Florida,  in  April,  1864,  when  the 
regiment  was  ordered  with  the  Tenth  Corps  to  Virginia, 
and  became  part  of  the  Army  of  the  James.  Promoted 
to  lieutenant-colonel  April  3,  1864,  and  to  colonel  June 
23  following. 

In  action  in  command  of  his  regiment  at  Swift  Creek, 
May  9;  Drury's  Bluff,  May  16;  anil  Chester  Station, 
May  18.  On  May  20  he  led  his  regiment  in  an  assault 
upon  the  enemy's  lines  at  Green  Plains,  Bermuda  Hun- 
dred, receiving  three  severe  wounds,  losing  one  hundred 
and  seventy-five  men  killed  and  wounded  out  of  two 
hundred  and  ninety-five  taken  into  the  charge. 

Returned  to  duty  in  August,  and  in  action  at  Deep 
Bottom  on  the  16th,  and  Wierbottom  Church  on  the  25th 
of  same  month.  In  the  trenches  before  Petersburg  in 
August  and  September. 

Assigned  to  command  the  Second  Brigade,  Second 
Division,  Tenth  Corps,  in  September,  and  on  the  29th  led 
his  brigade  in  the  successful  assault  upon  Fort  Harrison, 
where  he  was  again  wounded,  and  his  horse  shot  under  him. 

Inaction  October  7  at  Chaffin's  Farm, and  on  the  29th 
at  Darbytown  Road.  With  the  first  Fort  Fisher  Expe- 
dition under  General  Butler,  December  1  to  31. 

General    Pennypacker's    brigade  (composed    of   New 

*  Condensed  from  a  sketch  by  Colonel  Isaiah  Price,  U.  S.  Volunteers, 
in  the  United  Service  magazine  for  January,  1S92. 


York  and  Pennsylvania  regiments)  formed  a  portion  of 
the  expeditionary  corps  which,  under  command  of  Major- 
General  Terr\%  made  the  successful  (and  perhaps  most 
brilliant  of  the  war)  assault  upon  Fort  Fisher,  North 
Carolina,  January  15,  1865. 

For  his  distinguished  personal  gallantry  in  this  assault, 
when  he  was  most  severely  (and  it  was  thought  for  a 
time  mortally)  wounded,  and  "for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  during  the  war,"  Pennypacker  received  six  brevets 
or  promotions  as  follows  :  Brevet  brigadier-general  U.  S. 
Volunteers,  January  15,  1865;  brigadier-general  U.S.  Vol- 
unteers, February  18,  1865;  brevet  major-general  U.S. 
Volunteers,  March  13,  1865  ;  colonel  Thirty-fourth  (des- 
ignation changed  to  Sixteenth)  Infantry,  U.S.A.,  July  28, 
1866  ;  brevet  brigadier-general  U.S.A.,  March  2,  1867,  and 
brevet  major-general  U.S.A.,  March  2,  1867. 

The  Congressional  medal  of  honor  was  awarded  Gen- 
eral Pennypacker  for  "bravery  at  the  battle  of  Fort 
Fisher."  He  was  one  of  the  youngest  (if  not  the  young- 
est) general  officers  of  the  war,  and  was  the  youngest  man 
in  the  history  of  the  regular  arm)'  to  be  commissioned 
a  colonel  and  brevet  major-general.  His  commanding 
general  emphasized  to  the  writer  of  this  sketch  the  dec- 
laration that  Pennypacker  and  not  himself  was  the  real 
hero  of  Fort  Fisher,  and  that  his  "  great  gallantry  was 
only  equalled  by  his  modesty." 

Since  the  war  (with  the  exception  of  two  years  on 
leave  in  Europe),  General  Pennypacker  has  served  in  the 
Southern,  Southwestern,  and  Western  States,  performing 
the  duties  incident  to  a  regimental  and  post  commander. 
He  was  temporarily  in  command  of  the  District  of  Mis- 
sissippi in  1867,  the  Fourth  Military  District  in  1868,  the 
Department  of  Mississippi  in  1870.  the  United  States 
troops  in  New  Orleans  in  1874,  and  the  Department  of 
the  South  in  1876. 

Placed  on  the  retired  list  of  the  army  in  1883,  on  ac- 
count of  wounds,  he  has  since  resided  in  Philadelphia. 


3'- 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


MEDICAL  INSPECTOR  THOMAS  N.  PENROSE,  U.S.N. 

Medical  Inspector  Thomas  N.  Penrose  was  born  in 
Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania.  His  preliminary  education 
was  received  at  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Academy  and 
other  schools  in  Philadelphia,  and  he  was  graduated  in 
the  Medical  Department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylva- 
nia, in  the  Class  of  1858.  He  has  received  also  (in  course) 
the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Philosophy  from  the  same  uni- 
versity. 

He  entered  the  U.  S.  Navy,  November  11,  1X61,  as 
assistant  surgeon,  and  soon  thereafter  was  ordered  to  the 
United  States  Navy- Yard  at  Washington,  D.  C.  Early 
in  1862  he  was  ordered  to  the  U.  S.  S.  "  Harriet  Lane," 
then  preparing  for  sea,  and  which  afterwards  success- 
fully ran  the  batteries  in  the  Potomac  to  become  the 
flag-ship  of  the  mortar  flotilla,  commanded  by  then  Com- 


mander, afterwards  Admiral,  D.  D.  Porter,  attached  to 
Flag-Officer  D.  G.  Farragut's  fleet.  He  was  present  at 
the  attack  and  surrender  of  Forts  Jackson  and  St.  Philip, 
commanding  the  approach  to  New  Orleans.  He  was 
present  and  took  part  in  the  attack  on  Vicksburg,  June 
28,  1862,  made  by  the  fleet  under  command  of  Flag- 
Officer,  afterwards  Admiral,  David  G.  Farragut.  In  the 
autumn  of  1862  he  was  present  at  the  attack  and  capture 
of  Galveston,  Texas,  and  on  January  1,  1S63,  was  made 
prisoner-of-war  in  that  desperate  engagement  which  re- 
sulted in  the  capture  of  the  "  Harriet  Lane."  On  this 
occasion  the  "  Harriet  Lane"  engaged  the  enemy's  ves- 
sels, "  Bayou  City"  and  "  Neptune,"  in  the  harbor  of 
Galveston,  Texas,  sinking  the  "  Neptune,"  but  was  finally 
captured  by  "boarding,"  by  the  "  Bayou  City,"  at  the 
third  attempt  made  by  that  vessel. 

After  his  release  he  was  attached  to  the  U.  S.  S. 
"  Massachusetts"  for  several  months  before  the  close  of 
the  war.  After  the  war,  having  been  promoted  to  passed 
assistant  surgeon,  he  was  ordered  to  the  China  Station, 
serving  on  board  of  the  U.  S.  flag-ship  "  Hartford"  and 
U.  S.  S.  "  Wachusett." 

He  has  made  several  cruises  in  the  West  Indies,  being 
attached  on  different  occasions  to  the  U.  S.  ships  "  Swa- 
tara,"  "  Marion,"  and  " Ticonderoga,"  and  has  cruised  in 
European  waters  attached  to  the  LT.  S.  S.  "Marion." 
He  was  promoted  to  surgeon  in  May,  1871,  and  to 
medical  inspector  January,  1889. 

His  last  cruise  was  in  the  U.  S.  S.  "  Richmond,"  flag- 
ship of  the  South  Atlantic  Station.  His  shore  duty  has 
been  at  the  Philadelphia  Navy- Yard;  Naval  Hospital, 
Philadelphia;  navy-yard,  Boston;  and  member  of  the 
Naval  Medical  Examining  Board.  At  present  he  is  offi- 
cer in  charge  of  U.  S.  Naval  Hospital  at  Norfolk,  Va. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


3»3 


CAPTAIN  GEORGE  HAMILTON  PERKINS,  U.S.N. 
(retired). 

Of  Perkins,  as  a  young  lieutenant, — and  holding  a  place 
which  many  a  man  twenty  years  his  senior  would  have 
coveted, — Admiral  Farragut  said,  "  I  Ie  was  young  and 
handsome,  and  no  braver  man  ever  trod  the  decks  of  a 
ship.  His  work  in  the  '  Chickasaw'  did  more  to  capture 
the '  Tennessee'  than  all  the  guns  of  the  fleet  put  together." 
"  Praise  from  Sir  Hubert  Stanley  is  praise  indeed."  Far- 
ragut was  not  lavish  of  his  praises,  when  fighting  was  in 
question,  nor  did  he  distribute  commendation  lavishly 
when  the  fight  was  over, — as  some  commanders  arc  wont 
to  do.  If  not  another  word  about  Perkins  was  to  be  said, 
Farragut's  estimate  of  him  might  stand  for  his  epitaph. 

Captain  George  Hamilton  Perkins  was  born  in  New 
Hampshire,  October  20,  1836,  of  most  worth}'  parentage, 
and  entered  the  Naval  Academy  at  Annapolis  in  1851. 
Here  he  distinguished  himself,  especially  in  gunnery. 
When  he  graduated  he  first  served  in  the  "  Cyane,"  at  a 
period  when  the  disturbances  on  the  Isthmus  of  Panama, 
about  1856,  served  to  show  him  some  of  the  duties  of  a 
naval  officer.  Passing  over  that  remarkable  time,  for  the 
want  of  space,  we  may  say  that,  in  the  same  ship,  he  vis- 
ited all  the  British  provinces,  and  then  made  a  cruise  in  the 
West  Indies,  full  of  interest  from  the  state  of  things  then 
existing.  After  this  cruise,  Midshipman  Perkins  served 
in  the  Paraguay  Expedition  ;  came  home  in  the  frigate 
"  Sabine,"  and  was  at  once  ordered  to  the  steamer  "  Sum- 
ter," as  acting  master,  for  a  cruise  on  the  West  Coast  of 
Africa.  Here  he  passed  through  the  various  scenes 
familiar  to  those  who  have  had  the  same  experience,  ami 
not  of  great  interest  to  those  who  have  not.  Put  about 
the  end  of  that  cruise  came  the  mutterings  of  the  Rebel- 
lion. The  South  rushed  on  their  suicidal  course  as  if 
truly  mad,  and  now  "  a  wall,  as  of  fire,  rose  up  between 
the  officers  ;  every  mess  in  every  ship  was  divided  against 
itself;  brothers-in-arms  of  yesterday  were  enemies  of  to- 
day ;  and  no  one  spoke  of  the  outlook  at  home  except  in 
bated  breath  and  measured  speech,  from  fear  that  the  bitter 
cup  would  overflow  then  and  there,  and  water  turn  to 
blood."  God  grant  that  no  officers  in  our  time  may  ever 
experience  the  anxiety  and  distress  of  those  who  were 
on  foreign  stations  in  1860-61  ! 

The  young  lieutenant  at  last  reached  home,  to  find  the 
country  in  the  throes  of  war,  indeed  ;  and,  after  a  brief 
leave  to  recover  his  health,  somewhat  shattered  by  ex- 
posure on  the  African  coast,  he  was  ordered  as  the  exec- 
utive-officer of  the  "  Cayuga,"  one  of  the  new  gun-boats, 
carrying  a  battery  of  an  1  i-inch  gun,  a  20-pounder  Par- 
rott,  and  two  24-pound  howitzers.  She  was  commanded 
by  Lieutenant  N.  B.  Harrison,  a  stalwart,  loyal  Virginian, 
and  afterwards  became  the  bearer  of  the  divisional  flag  of 
Captain  Bailey,  leading  the  fleet  through  the  obstructions 
and  past  the  forts  at  the  time  of  the  well-known  ascent  of 
40 


Farragut's  fleet  towards  New  Orleans.  Such  confidence 
had  Harrison  acquired  in  Perkins  that  he  gave  in  his 
charge  the  piloting  of  the  vessel  past  the  forts.  lie 
noticed  that  St.  Philip's  guns  were  all  aimed  at  mid-stream, 
and  so  coolly  steered  right  under  the  walls  of  the  fort, — 
suffering  much  in  masts  and  rigging,  but  little  in  the  hull. 
Once  past  the  last  battery,  the  officers  looked  back  to 
find  themselves  alone  and  in  the  presence  of  the  enemy's 
gun-boats  and  the  ram  "  Manassas."  They  sustained  an 
unequal  combat  until  the  rest  of  the  division  arrived.  This 
was  carried  on  muzzeto  muzzle  for  a  few  moments.  When 
relieved  from  this  entanglement  the  "  Cayuga"  pressed 
on,  and  at  daylight  captured  the  Chalmette  regiment, 
encamped  close  to  the  river-bank. 

On  arriving  before  New  Orleans,  Bailey  and  Perkins 
went  on  shore  to  demand  the  surrender  and  the  hoisting 
of  the  flag.  How  they  escaped  the  fiendish  mob  which 
surrounded  them  on  their  way  to  the  mayor's  office  is  a 
wonder.  The  story  has  been  told  man)-  times,  and  by  none 
better  than  by  George  W.  Cable,  the  well-known  author. 

After  many  exciting  scenes  on  board  the  "  Cayuga"  and 
the  "  New  London,"  Perkins  at  last  found  himself  in  com- 
mand of  the  "  Scioto,"  and  was  about  to  be  relieved  after 
arduous  service  in  that  vessel,  when  the  preparations  for 
the  capture  of  Mobile  induced  him  to  apply  for  any  duty 
connected  with  the  enterprise.  Farragut  knew  his  man, 
and  appointed  Perkins  to  the  command  of  the  "  Chicka- 
saw," a  double-turretted  monitor, — a  command  much 
above  his  rank.  Not  really  completed,  and  with  a  green 
crew,  the  "  Chickasaw"  gave  ample  opportunity  for  energy, 
and,  although  short  time  for  preparation  was  allowed,  he 
managed  to  join  Farragut  off  Mobile  bar  on  August  1, 
and  on  the  5th  the  battle  was  fought,  with  imperishable 
fame  for  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  then  not  twenty-eight 
years  of  age. 

Captain  Perkins  voluntarily  retired  in  1S91. 


3>4 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (regular) 


LIEUTENANT-COMMANDER  S.  LEDYARD  PHELPS. 
U.S.N. 

Lieutenant-Commander  S.  Ledyard  Phelps  was  one 
of  the  "  date  of  1841,"  which  was  so  large  that  it  blocked 
the  appointment  of  midshipmen  for  several  years  ;  but,  in 
time,  it  produced  some  of  the  most  creditable  and  valu- 
able officers  the  service  has  ever  had.  He  was  appointed 
midshipman  on  October  19,  1S41;  became  passed  mid- 
shipman August  10,  1847;  master  June  30,  1855,  and 
lieutenant  September,  I  S 5  5 .  He  became  a  lieutenant- 
commander  in  1  862,  when  that  grade  was  established,  and 
resigned  his  commission  October  29,  1864, — after  per- 
forming arduous  and  valuable  services  during  the  war  of 
the  Rebellion. 

Up  to  that  time  his  service  had  not  differed  materially 
from  that  of  most  officers  of  his  grade;  but,  during  the 
long  period  for  which  he  served  on  the  Western  waters, 
he  had  an  opportunity  of  showing  his  ability  in  many 
ways. 

When  first  ordered  to  Admiral  Foote's  squadron  he 
w.is  put  in  command  of  the  "  Conestoga,"  a  wooden 
gun-boat  of  the  river  type,  with  three  heavy  guns,  which 
vessel  rendered  a  good  account  of  herself  at  Foote's  first 


fight  at  Fort  Henry,  when  the  navy  took  the  extensive 
earthworks  before  the  army,  delayed  by  swamps,  could 
get  up. 

Lieutenant  Phelps  made  some  celebrated  reconnois- 
sances  up  the  rivers  Tennessee  and  Cumberland, — doing 
away  with  the  idea  that  gun-boats  would  find  great  ob- 
stacles from  the  operations  of  the  enemy.  He  afterwards 
commanded  the  "  Benton"  at  the  battle  in  front  of  Fort 
Pillow,  on  the  Mississippi,  when  a  shot  from  that  vessel 
exploded  the  boiler  of  one  of  the  leading  vessels  of  the 
rebel  naval  force.  This  was  really  the  first  purely  naval 
battle  of  the  war;  the  two  squadrons  being  fairly  pitted 
against  each  other.  Put  the  unwieldy  LInion  iron-clads 
were  so  slow  that  they  could  barely  maintain  themselves 
against  the  rapid  current,  and  therefore,  with  the  chance 
of  drifting  under  the  enemy's  batteries,  could  not  possess 
themselves  of  the  disabled  rebel  steamers. 

The  "  Benton"  became  the  flag-ship  of  Rear- Admiral 
C.  H.  Davis,  and  bore  a  great  part  in  the  naval  fight  at 
Memphis,  which  resulted  in  a  decisive  victory, — almost 
breaking  up  the  Confederate  naval  force  on  the  great  river. 

Lieutenant-Commander  Phelps  afterwards  performed 
most  valuable  service  in  the  Tennessee  River.  Hiscom- 
mand  extended  from  Fort  Henry  as  far  up  stream  as  the 
vessels  under  his  command  could  go.  He  chose  com- 
mand of  this  district  to  enable  him  to  attend  to  the 
reconstruction  of  the  "  Eastport,"  a  vessel  captured  by 
him  in  the  Tennessee  River  after  the  fall  of  Fort  Henry. 
At  the  time  of  the  capture,  the  Confederates  were  con- 
verting her  into  an  iron-clad  ram.  She  afterwards  did 
good  service  on  the  Union  side. 

Lieutenant-Commander  Phelps  was  very  active  in 
breaking  up  the  depots  whence  the  rebel  conscription 
officers  harried  the  region  of  the  river  Tennessee,  and  he 
was  most  vigilant  and  useful  in  assisting  the  army  on 
many  occasions, — in  one  of  which  the  troops,  through  his 
energetic  assistance,  were  enabled  to  cross  the  river  in 
good  form  and  push  on  to  Florence,  Alabama,  where  they 
destroyed  about  two  million  dollars'  worth  of  Confederate 
stores,  and  captured  a  number  ol  prisoners. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE    CIVIL    WAR. 


3«  5 


REAR-ADMIRAL  THOMAS  STOWELL  PHELPS.  U.S.N. 

Rear-Admiral  Thomas  Stowell  Phelps  was  horn 
in  Maine  in  1822.  He  is  a  descendant  of  General  Israel 
Putnam,  and  of  Colonel  Thomas  Nixon,  of  the  Revo- 
lutionary Army. 

He  was  appointed  midshipman  from  his  native  State 
in  1 S40,  and   served    in   the   Mediterranean  and   on  the 
Brazil    Station    until  1846,  when   he  went  to  the   Naval 
School,  and  became  passed  midshipman.     He  was  then 
ordered  to   the   "  Boston,"  which   ship  was  wrecked   on 
the  island  of  Eleuthera,  West  Indies,  in  November,  1846. 
He  was  then   ordered  to  the  steamer  "  Polk,"  but   that 
vessel,  being   unseaworthy,   returned,  and    Midshipman 
Phelps  was  ordered  to  the  Coast  Survey,  where  he  served 
until  1849.     In  that  year  he  went  to  the  Mediterranean 
in  the  razee   "  Independence,"  and  served   in  her  and  in 
the  "Constitution"  until  185  1.    Uponhis  return  home  he 
was  again  upon  the  Coast  Survey;  ordered  to  the  sloop 
"Decatur,"     Pacific  Squadron,  in  December,    1853.     In 
this   ship  he  served  in    the   Indian  war  in  Washington 
Territory,  and  was  present  at  the  battle  of  Seattle  ;  was 
promoted  master  during   this    cruise,  and   lieutenant   in 
September,  1855.      In  January,  1856,  Lieutenant   Phelps 
was  ordered  to  ordnance  duty  at  Norfolk,  from  whence 
he  went   upon  the  Paraguay  Expedition.     In    1869    he 
joined   the   "  Crusader,"    of  the    Home    Squadron,  and, 
after  a  few  months  in  her,  had  command  of  the  "  Vixen," 
on  the  Coast  Survey.     While  in  command  of  this  vessel 
he  took  part  in  the   expedition    for   the    relief  of   Fort 
Sumter,  in   March,  1861.     As  an   officer  skilled  in   sur- 
veying, and  with  intimate  knowledge  of  the  coast   and 
its    inlets   and   rivers,  he  was  then  selected    for   special 
service  in  that   direction.     This  was  done  by  ballot  of  a 
board,  consisting  of  chiefs  of  departments, — a  high  com- 
pliment.    From  the  destruction  of  buoys  and   marks  for 
navigation,  and    the    erection   of    heavy  rebel   batteries 
on  the   Potomac,  the  river  was  rendered  almost  impas- 
sable, and  the  safety  of  the  capital  was  in  jeopard}-.     A 
chart  and  survey  of  the  river  became  of  the  first  neces- 
sity.    Selecting  two   steamers,  of  several   placed   at   his 
disposal,   Lieutenant    Phelps   successfully  executed   this 
work,  although   almost  continually  within   range  of  the 
enemy's  guns,  to  the  full  satisfaction  of  the  government. 
His  next  service  was  in  command  of  the  "  Corwin,"  on 
secret  service.     In   her  he  buoyed   the  shoals  and  the 
entrance  to  Hatteras  Inlet,  in  preparation  for  the  expe- 
dition to  that  region.     He  was  often  under  fire  in   carry- 
ing   out    this    duty,    and    received    the    thanks   of   the 
department   for    the    manner    in    which    it    was  accom- 
plished. 

In  December,  1861,  he  was  attached  to  the  North  At- 


lantic Blockading  Squadron,  and  was  in  March,  1862, 
commanding  a  division  at  Yorktown  and  its  neighbor- 
hood. Destroyed  five  of  the  enemy's  vessels.  In  May, 
bv  preventing  destruction  of  White  House  Bridge,  and 
later,  at  the  battle  of  West  Point,  and  by  the  ascent 
of  the  Mattapony  River,  he  rendered  the  greatest  assist- 
ance to  the  army.  Lieutenant-commander  in  1862,  he 
was  ordered   to   make   another   complete  survey  of  the 

j  Potomac,  which  he  did,  though  continually  opposed 
by  the  enemy  with  artillery  and  infantry  fire.    He  con- 

,  tinned  to  serve  in  the  "  Corwin,"  making  surveys,  in 
anticipation  of  naval  and  military  movements.  He  com- 
manded the  iron-clad  "  Saugus"  for  a  short  time,  and 
was  then  transferred  to  the  command  of  the  sloop 
"Juniata,"  in  which  vessel  he  served  at  Fort  Fisher. 
Promoted  to  commander  in  August,  1865,  he  was 
ordered  to  command  the  "  Lenapee,"  in  the  North  At- 
lantic Squadron;  and  in  April,  1867,  he  was  sent  to 
California,  where  he  served  in  various  capacities.  Then 
he  commanded  the  flag-ship"  Saranac"  until  June,  1883, 
when,  then  holding  the  rank  of  commodore  and  the 
command  of  the  navy-yard  at  Mare  Island,  he  was  de- 
tached, and  ordered  to  command  the  Brazil  Squadron, 
with  his  flag,  as  acting  rear-admiral,  on  the  "  Brooklyn." 
He  was  promoted  to  rear-admiral  March  1,  1874.  There 
is  no  man  in  the  naval  service  more  beloved  and  re- 
spected than  Rear-Admiral  Phelps.  "  Perfectly  unas- 
suming, and  even  modest,  he  has  always  shrunk  from 
publicity,  which  has  prevented  the  knowledge — outside 
of  the  service — of  his  cool  bravery,  his  devotion  to 
duty,  his  seam. in-like  qualities,  and  his  justice  in  the 
execution  of  authority."  In  the  navy  these  attributes 
are  well  understood. 


316 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN  JOHN  W.  PHILIP,  U.S.N. 

Captain  Joiix  W.  Philip  was  born  in  New  York  Au- 
gust 26,  1840,  and  appointed  to  the  Naval  School  from 
that  State  in  September,  1856.  Midshipman  January  1, 
[861,  and  attached  to  the  frigates  "Constitution"  and 
"  Santee."  Promoted  acting  master  June  1,  1861,  and 
ordered  as  executive-officer  of  the  sloop-of-war  "Ma- 
rion," Gulf  Blockading  Squadron.  Was  attached  to  the 
"  Sonoma,"  James  River  Fleet,  and  commissioned  lieu- 
tenant mi  Jul_\-  16,  1862.  Was  executive-officer  of  the 
"  Chippewa,"  "  Pawnee,"  and  monitor  "  Montauk,"  of  the 
South  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron,  from  September, 
[862,  to  January,  1S65.  In  the  "  Pawnee"  was  engaged 
with  the  rebel  batteries  in  the  Stono  River,and  wounded 
in  the  leg.  In  the  "  Montauk"  in  the  various  actions 
during  the  siege  of  Charleston.  Executive-officer  of  the 
"  Wachusett,"  Asiatic  Squadron,  from  January,  1865,  to 
September,  1X67.  Commissioned  lieutenant-commander 
in  July,  [866.     Executive-officer  of  flag-ship  "  Hartford," 


Asiatic  Station,  September,  1867,  to  August,  1868.  De- 
cember, 1 868,  ordered  as  executive  of  the  "Richmond," 
European  Station.  Detached  November,  1871.  Septem- 
ber, 1872,  ordered  executive  of  the  "  Hartford;"  detached, 
and  ordered  to  command  the  "  Monocacy,"  on  the  Sta- 
tion, June,  1  ^~l-  Was  detached  from  the  latter  vessel  Jan- 
uary 8,  1874,  and  granted  leave  of  absence  by  the  Navy 
Department  for  the  purpose  of  taking  command  of  one 
of  the  steamers  of  the  Pacific  Mail  Company,  plying 
between  San  Francisco  and  Hong-Kong,  China.  He 
commanded  the  "  China,"  and  then  the  "  City  of  New 
York."  The  trip  of  the  latter  vessel  is  one  of  record, 
for  she  made  the  passage  from  New  York  to  San  Fran- 
cisco without  stopping  for  coal  or  repairs.  He  was  com- 
missioned commander  December  18,  1874.  His  leave 
from  the  department  was  revoked  in  July,  1876,  and  he 
was  then  ordered  to  command  the  "  Adams."  Detached 
from  the  "Adams"  in  April,  1877,  and  granted  leave  to 
command  the  "  Woodruff  Scientific  Expedition  around 
the  World."  In  December,  1877,  he  was  ordered  to  the 
command  of  the  "  Tuscarora,"  engaged  in  surveying  the 
west  coast  of  Mexico  and  Central  America ;  was  trans- 
ferred from  the  "  Tuscarora"  to  the  "  Ranger"  in  August, 
1880,  and  detached  from  the  command  of  the  latter  vessel 
in  October,  1883.  Commander  Philip  was  light-house 
inspector  of  the  Twelfth  District  from  April,  1SS4,  to 
April,  1887,  and  in  command  of  the  U.  S.  receiving-ship 
"  Independence,"  at  the  Mare  Island  Navy- Yard,  from 
May,  1887,  to  May,  1890.  He  was  commissioned  captain 
March  31,  1889. 

From  May,  1890,  to  December,  1890,  Captain  Philip 
was  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Inspection  at  San  Fran- 
cisco, and  was  then  ordered  to  command  the  "  Atlanta," 
of  the  Squadron  of  Evolution.  He  was  detached  by 
order  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy  in  December,  1891, 
and  detailed  to  superintend  the  fitting  out  of  the  armored 
cruiser  "  New  York,"  with  the  intention  of  commanding 
1  her  when  she  is  ready  for  sea. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


3'7 


MAJOR  DE   WITT   C.    POOLE,    U.S.A. 

Major  De  Witt  C.  Poole  (Pay  Department)  was  born 
in  New  York  September  28,  1828.  He  entered  the  vol- 
unteer service  as  first  lieutenant  of  the  First  Wisconsin 
Infantry  May  16,  1861,  and  participated  in  the  campaign 
of  the  Upper  Potomac  River  in  that  year,  and  was  hon- 
orably mustered  out  October  21,  1861.  He  re-entered 
the  volunteer  service  as  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Twelfth 
Wisconsin  Infantry  October  31,  1861,  and  served  with  his 
regiment  in  the  campaign  of  Southwestern  Missouri  in 
the  winter  of  1862;  participated  in  the  expedition  sent  to 
reinforce  the  army  in  New  Mexico,  from  Fort  Riley, 
Kansas;  joined  the  expedition  into  Central  Mississippi 
in  the  winter  of  1 863,  and  was  in  advance  on  the  Talla- 
hatchie River,  Mississippi.  He  then  returned  to  Mem- 
phis, and  was  ordered  to  Vicksburg,  in  1863.  He  was 
engaged  in  the  action  at  Falling  Waters,  Virginia,  in 
1 86 1  ;  engagement  on  the  Cold  water  and  at  Hernando, 
Mississippi,  May,  1863;  and  was  at  the  siege  and  cap- 
ture of  Vicksburg,  Mississippi,  June  and  Jul)-,  1863. 

Major  Poole  resigned  his  volunteer  commission  July  , 
3,  1863,  and  was  appointed  lieutenant-colonel  of  the 
Veteran  Reserve  Corps  November  15,  1863,  and  was 
ordered  to  duty  at  Washington,  D.  C,  June,  1864,  sub- 
sequently joining  his  regiment  at  White  House  Landing, 
Virginia.  In  Jul}-,  1864,  he  was  ordered  to  Washington, 
as  acting  provost-marshal  of  the  District  of  Columbia. 
He  performed  duty  in  charge  of  the  provost-marshal's 
office  at  Utica,  New  York  ;  then  at  Baltimore,  Maryland; 
at  Scranton,  Pennsylvania;  and  then  with  the  chief  mus- 
tering officer  of  the  State  of  Wisconsin,  1864-65.  In 
December,  1865,  he  was  detailed  as  commissioner  of  the 
Freedmen's  Bureau,  at  Atlanta,  Georgia,  from  which 
post  he  resigned  his  commission  in  the  Veteran  Reserve 
Corps. 

Major  Poole  was  appointed  to  the  regular  service  as 
captain  of  the  Twenty-fifth  Infantry  January  22,  1867, 
and  joined  his  regiment  at  Memphis,  Tennessee.  He 
was  then  placed  on  reconstruction  duty  with  his  com- 
pany in  Western  Tennessee,  and  afterwards  in  Georgia, 


in  1867-68.  He  was  unassigned  April  26,  1869,  and 
performed  the  duties  of  Indian  agent  for  the  Sioux  In- 
dians in  Dakota,  from  J  Line,  1869,  to  December,  1870, 
having  been  assigned  to  the  Twenty-second  Infantry  the 
previous  October. 

Captain  Poole  participated  with  his  company  in  expe- 
ditions to  the  Yellowstone  country  in  1871-73;  then 
employed  in  suppressing  riots  at  New  Orleans  in 
1874-75.  He  took  part  in  the  Big  Horn  and  Yel- 
lowstone expeditions  of  1876-77  against  Sitting  Bull, 
and  was  engaged  in  suppressing  the  labor  riots  at  Chi- 
cago and  Wilkesbarre,  Pennsylvania,  in  July,  1877.  He 
was  then  on  garrison  duty  in  1878,  and  transferred  to 
Texas,  where  he  served  during  1879-S0.  Then  he  was 
detailed  for  two  years  on  recruiting  service  at  New  York. 

He  was  appointed  major  and  paymaster  July  5,  1882, 
and  has  served  at  different  stations  throughout  the 
country,  his  present  station  (1891-92)  being  at  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio. 

Major  Poole  performed  the  duties  of  adjutant  of  the 
First  Wisconsin  Infantry  from  June  24,  1861,  to  Au- 
gust 21,  1 86 1. 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


ADMIRAL  DAVID  D.    PORTER,   U.S.N,  (deceased). 

Admiral  David  D.  Porter  was  born  in  Chester, 
Pennsylvania,  and,  as  a  mere  lad,  accompanied  his  father, 
Captain  David  Porter,  United  States  Navy,  on  a  cruise 
in  the  West  Indies  for  the  suppression  of  piracy.  This 
was  in  1X24.  In  1S20  his  father  was  given  command  of 
the  Mexican  Navy,  and  his  sun  accompanied  him,  being 
appointed  midshipman  in  that  service,  and  sent  to  the 
City  of  Mexico  to  learn  the  Spanish  language.  He  saw 
service  in  cruising  against  Spanish  commerce,  and  also 
in  operations  against  Spanish  men-of-war,  and  was  finally 
a  prisoner  of  war  in  Havana.  In  February,  1829,  young 
Porter  was  appointed  midshipman  in  the  United  States 
Navy,  and,  after  serving  in  the  Mediterranean,  in  the 
frigates  "Constellation"  and  "United  States,"  and  the 
ship-of-the  line  "  Delaware,"  was  made  passed  midship- 
man in  1835;  lieutenant  in  1841.  In  tjic  Mediterranean; 
the  Naval  Observatory;  and  commissioner  to  San  Do- 
mingo. In  the  Mexican  War  served  in  "Spitfire;" 
bombardment  ol  Vera  Cruz;  Lieutenant  Porter  buoyed 
out  the  passage  to  the  flanking  forts,  anil  acted  as  pilot 
lor  the  flotilla,  when  a  heavy  action  took  place,  until 
withdrawn  by  Commodore  Perry's  order.  As  first  lieu- 
tenant ol  "Spitfire"  took-  an  active  part  in  the  capture  of 
Tuspan  and  that  of  Tabasco.  Lieutenant  Porter,  after 
the  obstructions  were  forced,  landed  and  captured  Port 
Iturbide.  Soon  after,  Lieutenant  Porter  received  com- 
mand of  the  "  Spitfire,"  and  was  in  several  other  engage- 
ments, lie  was,  after  the  Mexican  War,  much  in  com- 
mand ol  mail  steamers,  and  some  supply  duty.  fust 
before  the  surrender  of  Fort  Sumter,  President  Lincoln 
sent  him  to  see  if  fort  Pickens  could  be  saved.  The 
history  of  this  operation  is  too  long  to  be  given  here. 
Captain  Meigs,  of  the  army,  accompanied  the  expedition, 
and,  in  twenty-four  hours  after  arrival,  the  fort  was  ren- 
dered secure  against   any  attack   from  General    Iha  —  •'- 


army,  then  at  Pensacola.  The  first  hostile  guns  fired  by 
the  navy,  during  the  Civil  War,  were  from  the  II-inch 
gun  of  the  "  Powhatan,"  by  Lieutenant  Porter.  He  next 
blockaded  the  mouths  of  the  Mississippi,  until  he  acci- 
dentally learned  of  the  escape  of  the  "Sumter."  He 
then  pursued  her  for  a  long  time,  but  she  succeeded  in 
eluding  him,  over  a  wide  extent  of  sea. 

Lieutenant  Porter  was  made  commander  April,  1861, 
and  was  at  once  put  in  charge  of  the  organization  of  a 
mortar  flotilla  for  the  purpose  of  regaining  control  of  the 
Mississippi,  and  was  consulted  on  the  organization  of  the 
fleet  for  that  purpose.  He  commanded  the  Mortar  Flo- 
tilla, ami  to  him  the  Forts  Jackson  and  St.  Philip  sur- 
rendered, after  the  passage  of  Farragut's  fleet.  After 
the  capture  of  New  Orleans,  Admiral  Farragut  ordered 
the  Mortar  Flotilla  to  Vicksburg,  and,  under  their  fire, 
passed  the  celebrated  batteries.  In  October,  1862,  Com- 
mander Porter  took  command  of  the  Mississippi  River 
Squadron,  as  acting  rear-admiral.  Then  followed  the 
long  history  of  operations  (which  cannot  be  given  here) 
in  co-operation  with  General  Sherman.  For  the  capture 
of  "  Arkansas  Post"  Porter  received  the  thanks  of  Con- 
gress. Then  came  Vicksburg,  with  Grant  in  command. 
The  story  of  the  fights  there  is  a  matter  of  history. 
After  Vicksburg,  Porter  again  received  the  thanks  of 
Congress.  The  Red  River  expedition  was  one  of  the 
most  curious  and  picturesque  incidents  of  the  great  war, 
and  must  be  read  at  length  by  those  who  are  not  familiar 
with  it.  Lieutenant-Colonel  Bailey,  by  his  great  engi- 
neering ability,  rescued  Porter's  fleet  from  certain  destruc- 
tion, anil  saved  to  the  government  an  immense  sum. 

Porter  was  next  ordered  to  the  command  of  the  North 
Atlantic  Fleet  in  September,  1864.  A  powerful  force  was 
collected  at  Hampton  Roads.  After  much  delay,  from 
various  causes,  the  fleet  sailed  for  Fort  Fisher.  It  would 
be  impossible,  in  this  space,  even  to  touch  upon  the 
events  which  followed  ;  an  account  of  them  is  to  be  found 
everywhere.  After  the  tall  of  Wilmington,  Admiral 
Porter  was  next  at  the  operations  in  James  River,  and 
accompanied  President  Lincoln  when  he  entered  Rich- 
mond. Porter's  guns,  fired  at  Richmond,  April  2,  1865, 
were  about  the  last  fired  by  the  navy  during  the  war,  as 
his  was  the  first  gun  of  the  war  at  Pensacola. 

lie  was  superintendent  of  the  Naval  Academy  from 
September,  1865,  to  December,  1869.  Commissioned 
vice-admiral  Jul)',  1866.  In  th.it  year  he  was  sent  to 
San  Domingo,  with  a  large  sum  in  hand,  to  purchase  a 
lease  of  Samana  Bay  and  the  adjacent  peninsula;  but, 
finding  the  Dominican  government  hard  to  deal  with, 
gave  up  the  project  and  returned  to  the  United  States. 
He  was  upon  special  duty  in  the  Navy  Department  in 
1869-70.  Was  commissioned  admiral  August  15,  1870; 
and  was  upon  special  duty,  at  Washington,  from  1870 
until  his  death,  in  that  city,  on  February  13,  [891. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


3i9 


COLONEL  AND  BREVET  BRIGADIER-GENERAL  FITZ- 
JOHN  PORTER,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Colonel  and  Brevet  Brigadier-General  Fitz-John 
Porter  was  born  in  New  Hampshire  in  1822.  He  grad- 
uated from  the  Military  Academy  July  1,  1845,  and 
was  promoted  the  same  day  brevet  second  lieutenant 
Fourth  Artillery  ;  second  lieutenant  June  18,  1846,  and 
first  lieutenant  May  29,  1847.  He  is  a  son  of  Captain 
John  Porter,  U.S.N.,  and  nephew  of  Commodore  David 
Porter,  of  "  Essex"  renown.  He  served  at  West  Point 
as  an  assistant  in  the  Department  of  Artillery  and  Cav- 
alry, and  engaged  in  instructing  the  cadets  during 
encampment,  and  was  later  sent  to  join  his  regiment  at 
Fort  Monroe.  In  July,  1846,  he  joined  the  army  opera- 
ting against  Mexico  at  Point  Isabel,  Texas,  and  saw  active 
service  at  Saltillo  in  the  same  year.  In  January,  1 847, 
he  embarked  at  Brazos  and  accompanied  General  Scott's 
arm)',  performing  more  or  less  service  during  the  siege  of 
Vera  Cruz  and  the  battles  of  Cerro  Gordo,  Contreras, 
Molino  del  Rey,  and  the  siege  of  Chapultepec  and  the 
capture  of  Mexico.  At  Contreras,  Porter's  company  re- 
captured two  guns  belonging  to  his  regiment  which  had 
been  taken  at  Buena  Vista.  General  Scott  then  mounted 
the  company.  At  the  last  action  during  the  war. — the 
sanguinary  fight  at  the  capture  of  the  Garita  ofBelen, — 
Porter  was  wounded,  while  the  other  two  officers  of  his 
company  were  killed,  and  twenty-seven  out  of  thirty 
nun-commissioned  officers  and  privates  were  killed  or 
wounded.  In  1849  he  was  assigned  to  duty  at  the  Mili- 
tary Academy,  where  he  remained  until  1855.  Here  he- 
occupied  the  positions  successively  of  assistant  instructor 
of  natural  ami  experimental  philosophy,  assistant  instruc- 
tor of  artillery,  adjutant  of  the  Military  Academy,  ami, 
finally,  instructor  of  artillery  and  cavalry.  He  served  dur- 
ing the  Kansas  troubles.  In  1857,  while  on  duty  at  the 
head-quarters  of  the  army  in  New  York  City,  Porter  was 
assigned  to  duty  on  the  staff  of  General  Albert  Sidney 
Johnston,  and  accompanied  that  officer  to  LUah,  enduring 
with  him  the  hardships  and  annoyances  of  that  campaign 
in  the  Rocky  Mountains,  and  of  two  years'  residence 
among  the  resentful  and  murderous  Mormons. 

In  the  autumn  of  1863  Porter  was  assigned  to  duty 
at  the  head-quarters  of  the  army  in  New  York  City  as 
assistant  inspector-general,  in  which  capacity  in  No- 
vember he  inspected,  by  order  of  the  War  Department, 
the  defences  in  Charleston  harbor,  and  recommended 
that  the)'  should  be  strengthened  and  supplied  with  addi- 
tional force,  ammunition,  and  provisions.  As  a  result  of 
this  inspection  and  of  Major  Porter's  recommendations, 
Major  Robert  Anderson  was  placed  in  command  of  Fort 
Moultrie,  and  carried  out  the  plans  recommended  by 
Porter  ami  arranged  between  them,  to,  at  the  proper 
time,  abandon  Moultrie  and  take  possession  of  Sumter. 
The  secession  of  the  Southern  States  now  began,  and 


Major  Porter  was  sent  to  Texas  and  to  reinforce  the 
garrison  at  Key  West  and  Dry  Tortugas,  a  task  requir- 
ing great  judgment,  patience,  and  tact.  In  April,  1861, 
Porter  was  on  duty  in  the  Adjutant-General's  Office  in 
Washington,  when  he  was  chosen  by  the  Secretary 
of  War,  Hon.  Simon  Cameron,  and  General  Scott,  to 
superintend  the  protection  of  the  railroad  between  Bal- 
timore and  Harrisburg  against  Baltimore  rioters,  and 
maintain  communication  through  Baltimore  to  Wash- 
ington. 

Major  Porter  was  now  appointed  colonel  of  the  Fif- 
teenth Infantry,  and  shortly  afterwards  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers.  He  served  with  the  Arm)-  of  the  Potomac 
(commanding  the  Fifth  Corps),  in  the  Peninsula,  North- 
ern Virginia,  and  Maryland  campaigns,  and  engaged  in 
all  the  actions  connected  therewith.  After  passing 
through  the  latter  campaign,  and  returning  with  the 
army  to  Falmouth,  Virginia,  he  was  relieved  from  his 
command  November  12,  1862,  and  tried  at  Washington, 
D.  C,  by  a  general  court-martial  for  disobedience  of 
orders  ami  general  misconduct  on  the  battle-field, — 
offences  said  to  have  been  committed  in  the  Northern 
Virginia  campaign  under  General  Pope  the  previous 
August  in  connection  with  the  battle  of  second  Bull 
Run,  Virginia. 

The  court-martial  convicted  General  Porter  and  sen- 
tenced him  to  be  cashiered  and  forever  prohibited  from 
holding  any  office  of  profit  or  trust  from  the  government. 
For  fifteen  years  General  Porter  languished  under  the 
stigma  of  this  sentence.  At  last  he  obtained  a  Board  of 
General  Officers  to  examine  the  matter  by  order  of  Presi- 
dent Hayes,  and  this  board  fully  exonerated  him  from  all 
blame.  In  1885  a  bill  passed  by  Congress  authorized 
the  President  to  restore  General  Porter  to  the  army,  and 
he  was  restored  and  retired  as  a  colonel  in  the  ai  my,  with 
his  original  commission  dated  May  14,  1861. 


320 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


COMMODORE   WILLIAM   DAVID   PORTER,   U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Commodore  William  David  Porter,  son  of  Com- 
modore David  Porter  and  brother  of  Admiral  David  D. 
Porter,  was  Lorn  in  New  Orleans  in  i  Soy,  and  died  in 
New  York  in  1864.  After  being  educated  in  Phila- 
delphia, he  was  appointed  midshipman  in  the  navy  in 
fanuary,  1S23.  He  became  a  lieutenant  in  1833.  He 
performed  the  usual  service  and  made  the  usual  cruises, 
but  was  retired  by  the  Retiring  Hoard  of  September, 
1S55.  Like  many  others  retired  by  that  board,  he  was 
restored  to  the  active  list  (in  his  case  with  the  rank  of 
commander)  September,  1859.  When  the  Civil  War 
broke  out  he  was  in  command  of  the  sloop-of-war  "  St. 
Mary's,"  in  the  Pacific.  He  was  ordered  home,  and  then 
to  the  Mississippi,  to  assist  in  fitting  out  the  gun-boat 
flotilla  for  service  in  those  waters.  He  afterwards  com- 
manded one  of  them,  named  "  Essex"  after  his  father's 
ship,  in  which  he  fought  the  famous  battle  with  the 
"  Phcebe"  and  the  "  Cherub,"  in  which  Farragut  served 
as  junior  midshipman.      In  the  attack  upon   Fort  Henry 


a  shot  went  through  one  of  the  boilers  of  the  "  Essex," 
wounding  and  scalding  twenty-eight  officers  and  men 
and  the  commanding  officer.  He  recovered  sufficiently 
to  command  his  vessel  at  Fort  Donelson,  February,  1862. 

In  his  favorite  "  Essex"  he  ran  past  the  batteries  on 
the  Mississippi  River,  to  join  the  fleet  at  Vicksburg.  He 
had  an  engagement  with  the  Confederate  iron-clad  ram 
"  Arkansas,"  above  Baton  Rouge,  on  July  15,  1862,  in 
which  the  "  Essex"  soon  destroyed  her.  At  least  she 
was  set  on  fire  and  blew  up  ;  whether  this  was  done  by 
the  "  Essex's"  shells,  or  by  the  officers  of  the  "  Arkansas" 
to  escape  capture,  can  never  be  known.  At  any  rate,  the 
Union  forces  were  rid  of  one  of  their  most  formidable 
enemies.  It  was  ,1  great  relief  to  Farragut,  for  the 
"  Arkansas"  had  been  a  regular  bete  noire.  After  her 
destruction  he  could  go  to  the  Gulf  and  arrange  for 
blockading  off  Galveston. 

The  captain  of  the  "  Essex"  was  made  commodore  in 
July,  1862.  In  September,  1862,  in  an  account  of  an 
engagement  off  Port  Hudson,  Louisiana,  he  repented 
that  the  "  Essex,"  since  the  6th  of  the  previous  July,  had, 
in  her  different  encounters  with  the  enemy,  been  struck 
by  heavy  shot,  perceptibly,  one  hundred  and  twenty- 
eight  times,  "  glancing  shot  having  left  no  record." 
"Three  have  broken  the  iron,  and  but  one  through,  and 
that  at  a  distance  of  a  (cw  feet  from  the  battery  delivering 
it."  The  "  Essex"  had  been  much  improved  since  her 
first  experiences  at  Forts  Henry  and  Donelson. 

Although  a  man  of  robust  physique,  Commodore 
Porter's  health  failed  from  his  constant  service  in  a 
malarious  climate,  and  the  effects  of  his  scalds  from 
steam.  After  the  bombardment  of  Natchez  and  the  Port 
Hudson  batteries,  he  was  obliged  to  come  East  an 
invalid,  and  never  served  again.  The  year  of  his  death 
is  mentioned  above. 

Commodore  W.  D.  Porter  had  two  sons  in  the  Con- 
federate service, — as  happened  often  during  the  Civil 
War, — father  arrayed  against  son,  and  brother  against 
brother. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


321 


CAPTAIN  EDWARD  E.  POTTER,  U.S.N. 

Captain  Edward  E.  Potter  was  born  in  New  York, 
and  was  appointed  a  midshipman  from  the  State  of 
Illinois  on  February  5,  1850;  first  served  on  board  the 
sloop-of-war  "Decatur,"  of  the  Hume  Squadron,  and 
then  made  a  cruise  on  the  coast  of  Africa,  in  the  frigate 
"  Constitution."  Upon  his  return  from  this  cruise,  1856, 
he  was  ordered  to  the  Naval  Academy,  and  was  pro- 
moted to  the  rank  of  passed  midshipman  in  June  of  that 
year  ;  made  a  cruise  on  the  coast  of  Brazil  in  the  frigate 
"St.  Lawrence/'  in  the  years  1857  to  1859,  having  been 
commissioned  as  a  lieutenant  in  July,  1 S 5 S ,  during  his 
service  in  the  "  St.  Lawrence." 

In  May,  i860,  he  was  ordered  to  the  steam-frigate 
"  Niagara,"  which  vessel  had  the  mission  of  conveying 
home  the  first  Japanese  embassy,  an  interesting  episode 
in  our  relations  with  that  country,  which  was  opened  to 
the  world  by  the  American  navy. 

When  the  "  Niagara"  reached  home  in  April,  [861,  it 
was  to  find  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  fairly  begun. 
Lieutenant  Potter  was  detached  from  the  "  Niagara," 
and  ordered  to  the  "  Wissahickon,"  one  of  the  new 
"  ninety-day"  gun-boats,  so  called  from  the  very  short 
time  in  which  they  were  built.  They  were  schooner- 
rigged  screw  vessels,  of  about  five  hundred  tons,  and 
carrying  four  guns.  They  were  efficient  vessels.  In  the 
"  Wissahickon"  Lieutenant  Potter  was  present  at  the 
capture  of  the  forts  below  New  Orleans,  and  of  that  city. 
He  became  a  lieutenant-commander  in  July,  [862,  and 
afterwards  served  in  the  steam-sloop  "  Lackawanna,"  the 
steam-frigate  "  Wabash,"  and  other  war  duty.  In  1S67- 
68  he  was  executive-officer  of  the  steam-frigate  "  Frank- 
lin," the  flag-ship  of  Admiral  Farragut  during  his  Euro- 
pean cruise.  Made  commander  in  June,  1869,  and  was 
stationed  at  the  navy-yard,  Boston.  During  his  next 
cruise  in  command  of  the  "  Shawmut"  he  ascended 
the  river  Orinoco  to  Ciudad  Bolivar,  and  recovered  from 
revolutionists  there  two  steamers  belonging  to  an  Ameri- 


can company.  The  "  Shawmut"  was  the  second  Ameri- 
can man-of-war  to  visit  Ciudad  Bolivar. 

In  1880  Commander  Potter  commanded  the  U.  S. 
ship  "  Constellation,"  which  conveyed  supplies  to  Ire- 
land for  the  sufferers  by  famine  in  that  island. 

He  was  promoted  captain  in  the  navy  on  the  nth  of 
July  of  that  year.  During  the  years  1881-83,  ne  was 
attached  to  the  Brooklyn  Navy- Yard,  and  in  November, 
1 8 S  3 ,  went  to  the  European  Squadron  as  captain  of  the 
"Lancaster."  There  he  remained  until  1885,  when  the 
ship  was  sent  to  the  Brazil  Station.  Captain  Potter  was 
in  command  of  the  station  from  December,  1885,  until 
September,  1886,  when  he  was  detached  and  ordered 
home. 

In  December,  1886,  he  was  ordered  to  the  command 
of  the  League  Island  Navy-Yard,  but  was  soon  after 
transferred  to  the  Naval  Asylum  at  Philadelphia,  as 
governor  of  that  institution.  Then  he  was  ordered  to  the 
command  of  the  U.  S.  S.  "  Minnesota,"  training-ship 
at  New  York,  his  present  station. 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


GENERAL  JOSEPH  HAYDN   POTTER,    U.S.A. 
(retired). 

Genera r.  Joseph  Haydn  Potter  was  born  at  Concord, 
New  Hampshire,  October  12,  1822.  He  graduated  at 
West  Point  Military  Academy,  July  1,  1843;  was  pro- 
moted in  the  army  to  brevet  second  lieutenant  First 
Infantry  July  1,  1843;  second  lieutenant  Seventh  In- 
fantry October  2,  1845  !  brevet  first  lieutenant  September 
23,  1846,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle 
of  Monterey,  Mexico  ;  first  lieutenant  Seventh  Infantry 
October  30,  1847;  captain  Seventh  Infantry  January  9, 
1856;  colonel  Twelfth  New  Hampshire  Volunteers  Sep- 
tember 27,  1862;  major  Nineteenth  U.  S.  Infantry  July  4, 
1863;  brevet  lieutenant-colonel  December  13,  1863,  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  service  at  the  battle  of  Freder- 
icksburg, Virginia;  brevet  colonel  May  3,  1864,  for  gal- 
lant and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of  Chancellors- 
ville,  Virginia ;  brevet  brigadier-general  U.  S.  Army, 
March  13,  1S65,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in 
the  campaign  terminating  with  the  surrender  of  the  Con- 
federate army  under  General  R.  E.  Lee ;  brigadier-general 
U.  S.  Volunteers  May  1,  1S65;  mustered  out  of  volun- 
teer service  January  15,  1866;  lieutenant-colonel  Thir- 
tieth Infantry  July  28,  1866;  transferred  to  Fourth 
Infantry  March  15,  1867;  colonel  Twenty-fourth  Infantry 
December  11,  1873;  brigadier-general  U.  S.  Arm}-  April 
1,  1886;  retired  from  active  service  October  12,  1886. 

He  served  in  garrison  at  Fort  Des  Moines,  Iowa, 
1843-45;  and  Jefferson  Barracks,  Missouri,  1845;  in 
military  occupation  of  Texas,  1S45-46;  in  the  war  with 
Mexico,  being  engaged  in  the  defences  of  Fort  Brown, 
May  3-9,  1846;  and  battle  of  Monterey  September, 
1846,  where   he  was   wounded   in   storming   the   enemy's 


works;  on  recruiting  service,  1846-48;  in  the  war  with 
Mexico,  1848;  in  garrison  at  Jefferson  Barracks,  Mis- 
souri, 1850;  on  frontier  duty  at  Fort  Gibson,  Indian 
Territory,  1850-53;  Fort  Smith,  Arkansas,  1853-55;  as 
adjutant  Seventh  Infantry,  November  16,  1853,  to  Janu- 
ary, 1S56;  on  frontier  duty  at  Fort  Gibson,  Indian  Ter- 
ritory, 1 85  5-56;  Fort  Arbuckle,  Indian  Territory, 
1857-58;  on  frontier  duty  in  Utah  expedition,  1858-60; 
marched  to  New  Mexico,  i860,  and  Fort  Webster,  New 
Mexico,  i860;  on  court-martial  duty  at  Fort  Bliss, 
Texas,  1S60-61  ;  on  frontier  duty  at  Fort  McLane,  New- 
Mexico,  1 86 1,  and  was  captured  by  Texas  insurgents  at 
San  Augustine  Springs,  Texas,  Jul}-  27,  1861,  and  was 
not  exchanged  until  August  2/,  1862. 

He  served  during  the  rebellion  of  the  seceding  States, 
1862-66,  in  the  Maryland  campaign  (Army  of  the  Poto- 
mac), October-November,  1862,  being  engaged  in  the 
march  to  Falmouth,  Virginia,  November,  1862;  in  the 
Rappahannock  campaign  (Army  of  the  Potomac),  De- 
cember, 1862,  to  May,  1863,  being  engaged  in  the 
battle  of  Fredericksburg,  Virginia,  December  13,  1862, 
commanding  a  brigade  ;  and  battle  of  Chancellorsville, 
Virginia,  May  2-3,  where  he  was  severely  wounded  and 
captured;  as  prisoner-of-war  May  3  to  October,  1863 
(paroled  May  17,  1863);  on  special  duty  October  18, 
1863,  to  February,  1864;  as  assistant  provost-marshal 
general  of  Ohio,  February  to  September,  1864;  in  com- 
mand of  brigade,  Eighteenth  Corps  (Army  of  the  James) 
September  16  to  December  2,  1864,  being  in  command 
of  Bermuda  Hundred  front  during  the  attack  on  Fort 
Harrison,  September  29,  1864;  in  command  of  brigade 
of  the  Twenty-fourth  Arm)-  Corps  December  2,  1864, 
to  January  16,  1865  ;  as  chief  of  staff  of  Twenty-fourth 
Army  Corps,  January  16  to  July  10,  1865,  being  en- 
gaged in  the  attack  on  the  rebel  lines  at  Hatcher's  Run, 
and  south  of  Petersburg,  April  2,  1865,  and  pursuit  of 
the  rebel  army,  with  several  skirmishes,  terminating  with 
the  capitulation  of  General  Lee  at  Appomattox  Court- 
House,  April  9,  1865;  awaiting  orders  July  10,  1865, 
to  January  15,  1866;  as  superintendent  of  regimental 
recruiting  service  at  Newport  Barracks,  Kentucky,  Feb- 
ruary 3,  1866,  to  January  4,  1867  ;  in  command  of  regi- 
ment in  Department  of  the  Platte,  January  15,  1867. 
From  1866  to  July,  1X77,  in  garrison  at  Fort  Sedgwick, 
Colorado;  Fort  Sanders,  Wyoming;  Little  Rock,  Ar- 
kansas, and  Fort  Brown,  Texas.  From  July,  1S77,  to 
July,  1881,  governor  of  the  Soldiers'  Home,  Washing- 
ton, D.  C. ;  1 88 1  to  April  1,  1886,  in  garrison  at  Fort 
Supply,  Indian  Territory.  Assigned  command  of  the 
Department  of  the  Missouri,  retaining  command  until 
retirement,  October  12,  1886. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


323 


CAPTAIN    CHARLES    F.    POWELL,    U.S.A. 

Captain  Charles  F.  Powell  (Corps  of  Engineers) 
was  born  August  13,  1843,  at  Jacksonville,  Illinois.  He 
is  a  great-grandson  of  a  Revolutionary  soldier,  and  was 
educated  at  private  and  public  schools  at  Milwaukee,  Wis- 
consin. Early  in  1861  he  joined  a  newly-formed  military 
company  of  young  men  whose  services  at  the  outbreak 
of  the  Civil  War  were  successively  offered  for  the  Second, 
Third,  and  Fourth  Regiments  of  Wisconsin  Volunteers, 
but  rejected  on  account  of  the  youth  of  its  members. 
After  most  efficient  service  in  aiding  to  quell  the  "bank 
riot"  at  Milwaukee  in  the  spring  of  1861,  and  upon  a 
renewal  of  tender  of  service  it  was  accepted,  and  the 
subject  of  this  sketch  with  his  comrades  was  enrolled, 
May  10,  1861,  in  Company  B,  Fifth  Regiment  Wisconsin 
Volunteer  Infantry,  which  regiment  was  assigned  to 
Hancock's  brigade,  Smith's  division,  Army  of  the  Poto- 
mac, subsequently  incorporated  in  the  Sixth  Army  Corps, 
and  during  its  organization  in  the  Light  Division  of  the 
same  corps. 

He  saw  active  service  in  the  marches,  engagements, 
and  battles  of  the  campaigns  of  the  advances  from  Wash- 
ington, 1861-62  ;  Peninsula,  second  Bull  Run,  Antietam, 
Fredericksburg,  and  Gettysburg,  and  was  promoted  to  be 
corporal,  sergeant-major,  and  cadet  at  the  U.  S.  Military 
Academy,  which  he  entered  from  the  field  September 
29,  1863,  having  been  recommended  for  such  cadet  ap- 
pointment by  company,  regimental,  and  brigade  com- 
manders for  "  soldierly  courage  and  ability,"  faithful 
and  "  brave  conduct,"  and  "  gallantry  on  the  field  of 
battle." 

He  was  graduated  from  the  Military  Academy  June 
17,  1867,  and  promoted  to  be  second  lieutenant  Corps  of 
Engineers;  first  lieutenant  April  23,  1869,  and  captain 
June  17,  1881. 

He  served  as  company  officer  and  as  battalion  quarter- 


master and  battalion  recruiting  officer  of  the  Battalion  of 
Engineers,  and  as  post  quartermaster  and  commissary, 
Engineer  Department,  to  May  1,  1871  ;  as  assistant  en- 
gineer on  the  survey  of  the  North  and  Northwestern 
Lakes  and  the  Mississippi  River;  resident  engineer  at 
the  Cascades  Canal,  Oregon  ;  as  engineer-in-charge  of 
the  same,  and  of  certain  river  and  harbor  works  in  Ore- 
gon, Washington,  and  Idaho  ;  as  engineer  of  the  Thir- 
teenth Light-house  District;  as  secretary  of  the  Missis- 
sippi River  Commission,  and  assistant  to  its  Construction 
Committee,  and  in  charge  of  the  survey  of  the  Missis- 
sippi River;  as  engineer-in-charge  of  the  improvements 
of  the  Missouri  River  between  the  Great  Falls  and  Sioux 
City,  and  of  the  Yellowstone  River,  and  in  charge  of  the 
survey  of  the  Missouri  River  from  Fort  Benton  to  Sioux 
City  ;  also  on  certain  boards  and  commissions  concerning 
public  works. 

His  present  station  is  Sioux  City,  Iowa. 


3=4 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  WILLIAM  H.  POWELL,  U.S.A. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  William   II.  Powell  was  born 

in  the  city  of  Washington   September  21,    1838.     lie  is 

.1  descendant,  on  his  father's  side,  of  Captain  William 
Powell,  who  was  one  of  the  colonists  named  in  the  charter 
granted  by  King  lames  I.  to  the  Virginia  colony  in  1609, 
and  on  the  mother's  side  of  the  Gough  family,  who  accom- 
panied Leonard  Calvert,  the  brother  of  Lord  Baltimore, 
to  this  country,  and  settled  in  St.  Mary's  Count)-,  Mary- 
land, in  1632. 

Colonel  Powell's  first  military  service  was  as  a  mem- 
ber of  Company  E,  Fourth  Battalion  District  of  Colum- 
bia Militia,  which  company  tendered  its  services  to  the 
government  for  the  protection  of  the  national  capital 
at  the  earliest  outbreak  of  the  Rebellion,  and  was  mus- 
tered into  the  United  States  service  on  the  17th  of  April, 
1861,  and  was  employed  guarding  the  National  Treasury 
and  State  Department.  Having  been  discharged  from 
this  service  at  the  end  of  three  months,  he  was  ap- 
pointed a  second  lieutenant  of  the  Fourth  U.  S.  Infantry 
October  24  of  the  same  year,  entering  upon  duty  at  once 
at  Governor's  Island,  New  York-,  where  he  awaited  the 
arrival  of  his  regiment  from  California. 

He  served  in  the  field  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
during  the  entire  war,  and  was  never  absent  from  duty 
with  his  command  but  ten  days  on  two  occasions  from 
the  beginning  to  the  end,  being  engaged  in  the  siege  of 
Yorktown,  battles  of  Gaines'  Mill,  Malvern  Hill,  second 
Bull  Run,  Antietam,  Snicker's  Gap,  Fredericksburg, 
Chancellorsville,  Gettysburg,  Cold  Harbor,  Petersburg, 
June  16-18,  1864;  battle  of  the  Crater,  assault  and  cap- 
ture of  Petersburg,  April  2,  1S65,  and  Appomattox  Court- 
1  louse  .it  the  surrender  of  Lee. 

( icneral  Buchanan, commanding  First  Regular  Brigade, 
in  his  report  on  the  Seven  Days'  battles,  says:  "  It  now 
becomes  my  agreeable  duty  to  bring  to  the  especial  notice 


of  the  commanding  general  the  names  of  the  following 
officers,  whose  gallant  conduct  entitles  them  to  that  dis- 
tinction :  .  .  .  Second  Lieutenant  William  H.  Powell, 
adjutant  Fourth  Infantry, acting  assistant  adjutant-general 
of  First  Brigade." 

In  report  of  same,  on  the  second  Bull  Run,  he  says: 
"  I  would  particularly  mention  my  staff,  Second  Lieu- 
tenant William  H.  Powell,  acting  assistant  adjutant-gen- 
eral. .  .  .  These  officers  behaved  with  the  utmost  cool- 
ness and  gallantry,  and  carried  my  orders  to  every  part 
of  the  field  to  which  they  were  sent  with  cheerfulness 
and  alacrity." 

In  report  of  same  on  battle  of  Antietam,  he  says  : 
"  To  my  staff  .  .  .  Second  Lieutenant  William  H.  Powell, 
Fourth  Infantry,  acting  assistant  adjutant-general,  my 
thanks  are  due  for  the  cheerful  alacrity  and  coolness  with 
which  they  carried  my  orders  to  the  different  portions  of 
the  brigade." 

In  report  of  same  on  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  he 
says:  "  My  staff,  consisting  of  First  Lieutenant  William 
II.  Powell,  Fourth  Infantry,  acting  assistant  adjutant- 
general,  .  .  .  carried  my  orders  with  zeal  and  alacrity, 
and  discharged  their  duties  to  my  entire  satisfaction." 

General  Ay  res,  commanding  Regular  Division,  in  his 
report  on  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  says:  "  My  staff  per- 
formed their  duties  with  intelligence  and  gallantly,  and 
have  my  sincere  thanks.  I  name  them  in  the  order  of 
rank  :  .  .  .  First  Lieutenant  William  H.  Powell,  Fourth 
Infantry,  aide-de-camp." 

Lieutenant  Powell  was  also  honorably  mentioned  in 
reports  for  "  gallantry  in  front  of  Petersburg,  June  16-18, 
1864,"  and  was  recommended  by  General  Grant  for  the 
brevet  of  lieutenant-colonel,  for  "  gallantry  at  the  battle 
of  the  Crater,"  July  30,  1  S64. 

At  the  close  of  the  war,  he  was  brevetted  a  captain  for 
"gallant  and  meritorious  conduct"  at  the  battle  of  Antie- 
tam, and  major  for  that  of  Petersburg,  April  2,  1865. 

Colonel  Powell  was  promoted  to  a  captaincy  in  the 
Fourth  Infantry  February  2,  1865,  and,  with  the  excep- 
tion of  two  years  on  the  recruiting-service  and  three 
leaves  of  absence,  served  continuously  with  his  company 
for  twenty-three  years,  when  he  was  promoted  major  of 
the  Twenty-second  Infantry.  Over  twenty-two  years  of 
his  life  have  been  spent  at  various  posts  and  on  campaign 
duty  west  of  the  Missouri  River,  the  last  campaign  being 
that  of  the  Big  Horn  and  Yellowstone,  of  1876. 

Colonel  Powell's  literary  efforts  are  to  be  found  in  reg- 
ular contributions  to  the  United  Service  Magazine,  in  "  Bat- 
tles and  Leaders  of  the  Civil  War,"  and  in  the  publication 
of  "Tactical  Queries  for  the  Infantry,"  "  Records  of  Liv- 
ing Officers,  U.  S.  Army,"  "  Hand-book  and  Guide  for 
Boards  of  Examination,"  and  "  Officers  of  the  Army  and 
Navy  ( regular)  who  served  in  the  Civil  War."  Promoted 
lieutenant-colonel  May  4,  1892. 


WHO  SERVED   IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


32: 


REAR-ADMIRAL  GEORGE  HENRY  PREBLE,  U.S.N. 
(deceased). 
Rear-Admiral  George  Henry  Preble,  a  relative  of 
the  Commodore  Preble  who  was   distinguished  in  our 
early  naval  service,  was  a  native  of  Maine,  and  was  ap- 
pointed midshipman  from  that  State  in  1835.     He  served 
in  the   Mediterranean    and   in  the  West    Indies  ;  was  at 
the  naval  school  at  Philadelphia,  and  warranted  passed 
midshipman  in  June,  1841.     He  then  served  in  Florida, 
as  acting  lieutenant,  in  the  course  of  which   service  he 
went  on  several  canoe  expeditions  into  the  Everglades. 
After  a  year  of  this  work  he  was  taken  ill,  and  was  sent 
North  and  stationed  on  the  receiving-ship  at  Boston.    His 
health  being  re-established,  he  sailed  in  the  "  St.  Louis," 
as  acting  master  and  acting  lieutenant,  in  May,  1843,  for  a 
circumnavigation  of  the  globe.    He  had  charge  of  the  first 
American  armed  force  ever  landed  in  China, — which  was 
in  June  and  July,  1844, — for  the  protection  of  the  Ameri- 
can consulate  and  residents  at  Canton.     He  was  acting 
master  of  the  "  Petrel,"  in  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  during  the 
war  with  that  country,  and  took"  part  in  the  operations  at 
Alvarado,  Laguna,  Tampico,  Panuco,  and  the  siege  and 
capture  of  Vera  Cruz,  etc.     Invalided  home,  he  was  made 
master  in  July,  1S47,  and   lieutenant  in   February,  1S48. 
He  returned  to  the  Gulf  in  1848,  but  had  to  be  invalided 
again  in  1849.     His  next  service  was  in  the  "  Legare,"  a 
Coast  Survey  steamer,  and  next  in  the  frigate  "  St.  Law- 
rence," which  conveyed  American  contributions  to  the 
World's  Fair  at  London  in  185  1.     He  then  was  in  com- 
mand of  the  "  Gallatin,"  of  the  Coast  Survey,  and  attached 
to  the"  Vermont,"  74.    He  then  joined  the  "  Macedonian," 
and  took  part  in  the  Japan  Expedition,  and  served  in  China 
from  1853  to  1856.    He  commanded  the  chartered  steamer 
"  Queen,"  and  assisted  in  the  surveys  of  Jeddo  and  Hako- 
cladi   Bays,  and  surveyed  the  harbor  of  Kealing  in  the 
island  of  Formosa.    He  was  upon  several  expeditions  after 
Chinese  pirates,  which  were  successful,  and  received  the 
thanks  of  our  own  commander-in-chief  and  the  English 
admiral  for  the  one  to  Kulan.     In  the  American  steamer 
"Confucius,"  he  destroyed  several  pirate  junks  at  Foo- 
chow-foo. 

On  his  return  home,  he  was  light-house  inspector  on 
the  coasts  of  Maine  and  New  Hampshire;  at  the  Boston 
Navy-Yard,  and  made  acruise  in  the"  Narragansetfinthe 
Pacific.  When  the  Civil  War  broke  out  he  was  ordered 
East,  at  his  own  request,  and  took  command  of  "  Katah- 
din,"  in  which  vessel  he  joined  Admiral  Farragut,  passed 
the  forts  below"  New  Orleans,  and  was  in  all  the  operations 
up  to  Vicksburgand  Grand  Gulf.  In  August,  1862, he  was 
transferred  to  the  command  of  the  steam-sloop  "  Oneida," 
having  been  commissioned  as  commander  in  the  previous 
month.  While  on  the  blockade  off  Mobile,  he  was  left 
senior  officer  present,  on  August  29,  1862,  with  three  ves- 
sels, the  other  four  of  that  station  having  gone  for  supplies. 


On  September  4,  a  steamer,  having  every  appearance  of  a 
British  gun-vessel  and  flying  English  colors,  came  in  about 
six  p.m.  When  she  did  not  o>mc  to,  the  "  Oneida"  fired 
three  shots  ahead  of  her,  and  then,  finding  that  she  did 
not  bring  to,  fired  a  broadside,  but  the  vessel's  superior 
speed  enabled  her  to  run  in  over  the  shoals  and  reach  the 
shelter  of  the  guns  of  Fort  Morgan.  This  vessel  proved 
to  be  the  "  <  )reto,"  which  was  built  and  fitted  out  by  the 
English,  and  under  the  command  of  John  N.  Maffitt.  She 
was  afterwards  rechristened  "  Florida."  For  not  prevent- 
ing the  "  Oreto's"  running  into  Mobile,  Preble  was  sum- 
marily  dismissed  the  service,  without  a  true  understanding 
of  the  circumstances.  These  were  war  times,  and  all 
classes  were  excited,  so  that  cool  judgment  was  not  always 
p<  issible.  Maffitt,  who  was  a  well-known  officer  of  our  old 
service,  did  full  justice  to  Preble,  saying,  "The  superior 
speed  of  the  '  Florida'  alone  saved  her  from  destruction, 
though  not  from  a  frightful  mauling.  .  .  .  The  damage 
done  to  her" — the  "  Oreto" — "  was  so  great  that  we  did 
not  get  to  sea  again  for  over  three  months."  By  recom- 
mendation of  the  Naval  Committee,  the  President  renomi- 
nated him  in  February,  1863, and  he  was  confirmed  by  the 
Senate, — as  every  one  recognized  the  injustice  which  had 
been  done  him, — and  he  was  at  once  ordered  to  a  com- 
mand. In  November,  1864,  he  had  command  of  the  fleet 
brigade  on  shore  at  Port  Royal,  and  co-operated  with  the 
armv  in  the  severe  battles  of  Honey  Hill  and  De  Vaux's 
Neck,  and  was  daily  under  fire  for  three  weeks.  After 
much  important  service  as  commander,  he  was  made  cap- 
tain in  March,  1867,  and  commodore  in  1 871 .  He  com- 
manded the  Philadelphia  Station  for  three  years.  He  was 
commissioned  rear-admiral  in  September,  1876,  and  com- 
manded the  South  Pacific  Station  in  1S77-78.  He  was 
retired  in  February,  1878,  and  died  March  1,  1885. 

Admiral  Preble's  "  Plistory  of  the  American  Flag"  is 
standard,  and  he  wrote  much  valuable  magazine  matter. 


\z6 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


MAJOR  CURTIS  E.  PRICE.  U.S.A. 

Major  Curtis  E.  Price  (Medical  Department)  was 
born  in  Ohio,  but  when  a  child  went  with  his  parents  to 
I  Hindis,  which  has  since  been  his  residence.  After  going 
through  college  and  receiving  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of 
Arts,  he  studied  medicine  under  the  direction  of  his 
father,  a  physician  in  extensive  practice.  At  the  break- 
ing out  of  the  Rebellion  he  was  in  Philadelphia,  studying 
medicine.  After  finishing  his  medical  course  he  went 
to  Kansas,  and  entered  the  service  by  appointment  as 
assistant  surgeon,  but  was  not  commissioned.  In  1863, 
he  accepted  a  contract  as  acting  assistant  surgeon  U.  S. 
A.,  and  went  to  Nashville,  Tennessee.  His  duties  here 
were  various,  including  service  with  the  Twelfth  Indiana 
Battery ;  medical  charge  of  detachments  serving  the 
siege-guns  in  the  fortifications;  in  charge  of  Fort  Negley; 
in  charge  of  Exchange  Barracks  (now  the  Maxwell 
House) ;  attending  surgeon  at  the  penitentiary  and  mili- 
tary prison,  and  for  awhile  in  charge  of  a  gun-boat,  while 
it  was  lying  at  Nashville. 

Regiments  of  loyal  Tennesseeans  were  then  being 
raised  and  mustered  into  the  U.  S.  service,  and  the  sub- 
ject of  this  sketch  was  commissioned  assistant  surgeon 
of  the  Twelfth  Tennessee  Cavalry,  and  as  soon  as  a 
vacancy  occurred  was  promoted  to  major  and  surgeon, 
although  he  w.is  the  junior  assistant  surgeon  of  his 
regiment. 

He  joined  his  regiment  at  Charlotte,  Tennessee,  and 
from  that  time  till  the  close  of  the  war  was  constantly  in 


active  field  service  in  Tennessee,  Alabama,  Georgia,  and 
Mississippi,  with  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  and 
Military  Division  of  the  Mississippi.  He  was  engaged 
in  the  skirmishes  and  battles  of  Lebanon,  Dechard, 
Triune,  Richland  Creek,  Taylorsville,  Hollow-Tree  Gap, 
Laurenceburg,  Fayetteville,  Taylor's  Creek,  Campbells- 
villc,  Bainbridge,  Florence,  Pulaski,  Spring  Hill,  Colum- 
bia, Franklin,  Nashville,  and  the  retreat  of  Hood. 

After  Hood's  army  had  been  driven  back  across  the 
Tennessee  River,  the  brigade  went  to  Eastport,  Missis- 
sippi, where  it  was  at  the  time  of  Lee's  surrender,  Major 
Price  being  brigade  surgeon  of  the  Second  Brigade, 
Fifth  Division,  Cavalry  Corps,  Military  Division  of  the 
Mississippi.  His  regiment  was  then  ordered  West  on  an 
Indian  expedition,  Major  Price  accompanying  it.  The 
summer  was  spent  scouting  in  Western  Kansas  and 
Nebraska.  The  regiment  returned  to  Fort  Leaven- 
worth, was  mustered  out  of  service,  and  finally  dis- 
charged at  Nashville,  Tennessee,  October  25,  1865. 
Major  Price  was  brevetted  lieutenant-colonel  for  "valu- 
able and  meritorious  services  during  the  war,  and  more 
especially  for  gallant  conduct  in  the  battle  of  Nashville." 

He  again  entered  the  service  as  acting  assistant  sur- 
geon U.  S.  Army,  September  1,  1867,  at  Vicksburg,  Mis- 
sissippi, at  the  request  of  his  old  commander,  General 
Gillem.  I  lis  first  duty  was  to  quarantine  against  and  treat 
yellow  fever.  He  served  at  Columbus,  Woodville,  and 
Natchez,  Mississippi  ;  Louisville  and  Lebanon,  Ken- 
tuck}-;  and  Little  Rock,  Arkansas,  till  February,  1873, 
when  he  was  sent  to  San  Francisco,  California.  He  was 
commissioned  assistant  surgeon,  U.  S.  Army,  June  25, 
1  875,  having  passed  an  examining  board  second  in  a  class 
of  twenty-three.  He  went  .is  medical  officer  with  a  bat- 
talion of  artillery  to  the  Department  of  the  Platte  in 
August,  1876,  and  was  surgeon  of  the  artillery  and  in- 
fantry battalions  in  the  "  Powder  River  Expedition," 
during  the  fall  and  winter  campaign  which  General 
Crook  conducted  against  the  hostile  Sioux  and  Chey- 
ennes. 

Since  then  his  stations  have  been  Angel  Island,  Alca- 
traz,  and  Fort  Gaston,  California ;  Fort  Niagara,  New 
York  ;  Fort  Custer,  Montana  ;  Fort  Du  Chesne,  Utah  ; 
and  Fort  Wadsworth,  New  York  harbor. 

He  was  promoted  to  captain  and  assistant  surgeon  in 
1880,  and  to  major  and  surgeon  in  1892.  He  received 
the  degree  of  Master  of  Arts  from  his  alma  mater  in 
1865. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


COLONEL  JOHN  PULFORD,  U.S.A.  (retired). 
Colonel  John  Pulford  was  born  in  New  York  City 
Jul\-  4,  1837.  He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools 
and  afterwards  read  law,  and  is  now  a  member  of  the 
Detroit  Bar,  in  which  city  he  has  resided  since  1850. 
When  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  broke  out  in  1861  he  was 
proprietor  of  a  hotel  and  foreman  of  Engine  Company 
No.  3  in  said  city,  and  on  April  20  he,  in  conjunction 
with  Mr.  E.  T.  Sherlock,  proprietor  of  the  Metropolitan 
Theatre,  reorganized  said  fire  company  into  a  military 
company  and  offered  their  services  to  the  general  gov- 
ernment, and  on  June  19,  1861,  he  was  commissioned 
first  lieutenant  Fifth  Michigan  Infantry.  He  was  sta- 
tioned at  Fort  Wayne,  Michigan,  to  September  11,  1861, 
when  he,  with  his  regiment,  left  to  join  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  and  was  actively  engaged  with  said  army  in  all 
its  campaigns  and  battles  up  to  Malvern  Hill,  where  he  was 
severely  wounded  by  a  ricochet  cannon-ball,  which  frac- 
tured his  temporal  bone  and  also  broke  his  jaw  and  collar 
be  mes.  He  was  taken  prisoner  and  retained  at  Richmi  md 
until  July  18,  1862.     He  was  promoted  captain  May  15, 

1862,  and  major  January  1,  1863.  He  did  not  recover 
from  his  wounds  until  September  12,  1862,  when  he  again 
took  the  field,  and  participated  in  the  battle  of  Fred- 
ericksburg. In  this  battle  his  company  and  regiment 
suffered  severely. 

The  regimental  commander  having  been  killed,  Cap- 
tain Pulford,  although  one  of  the  junior  captains,  was 
soon  after  appointed  major  of  the  regiment,  the  offi- 
cers of  the  regiment  having  petitioned  to  the  gover- 
nor for  his  promotion,  on  account  of  his  efficient  ser- 
vices as  an  officer.  At  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville, 
May  2,  1863,  he  assisted  in  the  capture  of  the  Twenty- 
third  Georgia  Infantry,  and  the  next  day,  May  3,  assumed 
command  of  the  regiment,  after  Eieutenant-Colonel  E.  T. 
Sherlock  had  been  killed,  and  remained  in  command  of 
the  regiment  (though  suffering  severely  from  a  wound 
received  at  Chancellorsville)  up  to  and  including  the 
battle  of  Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania,  where  he  was  twice 
wounded,  but  did  not  leave  the  field  or  his  command. 

Major  Pulford  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel  of  the 
Fifth  Michigan  May  3,  1863,  and  in  August  of  that  year 
was  sent  to  New  York  City  with  his  regiment  on  ac- 
count of  the  draft  riots,  and  from  there  to  Troy,  New 
York,  for  the  same  purpose,  returning  to  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac  September   18,    1863.     On   December  29, 

1863,  he  went  on  veteran  furlough,  and  returning  to 
the  field  in  February,  1864,  he  participated  in  the 
actions  and  movements  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  to 
the  surrender  of  Lee,  April  9,  1865. 

At  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness  Colonel  Pulford  was 
severely  wounded,  having  his  back  broken  and  both  anus 
partially  disabled  from  an  injury  to  the  brachial  plexus 
and  loss  of  part  of  the  first  and  second  dorsal  vertebrae. 


He  was  promoted  colonel  of  his  regiment  July  12,  1864, 
and  brevet  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  March  13, 
1865,  "for  good  conduct  and  meritorious  services  dur- 
ing the  war,"  and  was  honorably  mustered  out  July  5, 
1865. 

Colonel  Pulford  held  on  various  occasions  command 
of  a  brigade  and  division  during  the  war,  and  of  sev- 
eral Western  regiments  at  its  close,  in  Louisville,  Ken- 
tucky. 

He  has  to  his  credit  the  following  battles  and  actions : 
Siege  of  Yorktown,  Williamsburg,  Fair  Oaks,  Peach 
Orchard,  Glendale,  Malvern  Hill,  Fredericksburg,  Chan- 
cellorsville, Gettysburg,  Wapping  Heights,  Auburn 
Heights,  Kelly's  Ford,  Locust  Grove,  Mine  Run,  Wil- 
derness, siege  of  Petersburg,  Deep  Bottom,  Strawberry 
Plains,  Poplar  Springs  Church;  also  the  first  line  of 
battle  at  Boydton  Plank  Road,  October  27,  1864;  Hatch- 
er's Run,  Boydton  Plank  Road,  capture  of  Petersburg, 
Sailor's  Creek  and  New  Store,  the  surrender  of  the  in- 
surgent armies  at  Appomattox  Court-House. 

On  February  23,  1866,  Colonel  Pulford  entered  the 
regular  army  as  second  lieutenant  of  the  Nineteenth 
Infantry,  and  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  the  same 
day.  He  joined  his  regiment  at  Newport  Barracks, 
Kentucky,  and  served  with  it  in  the  Southwest  and 
West,  and  engaged  in  General  Hancock's  expedition 
across  the  Plains  against  hostile  Indians  to  April,  1867. 
Subsequently  he  was  placed  on  reconstruction  duty  in 
the  South,  and  on  recruiting  duty  at  Newport  Barracks, 
Kentucky,  and  was  retired  from  active  service  with  the 
rank  of  colonel,  on  account  of  wounds  received  in  the 
line  of  duty,  December  15,  1 870. 

Colonel  Pulford  is  the  seventh  son  and  ninth  child  of 
Edward  and  Sarah  Lloyd  (Anis)  Pulford,  the  former  a 
native  of  Norwich,  and  the  latter  of  Bristol,  England. 
They  emigrated  to  New  York  City  in  1833. 


328 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


MAJOR   GEORGE   A.    PURINGTON,   U.S.A. 

Major  George  A.  Purington  (Third  Cavalry)  was 
born  in  Athens,  Athens  Count}-,  Ohio,  Julv  21,  1838; 
removed  to  Rock  Island,  Illinois,  in  1847;  entered  Rock- 
Island  High  School  in  1856.  Prepared  for  college  at 
Twinsburg  and  Hudson,  Ohio.  In  1N61  assisted  in  organ- 
izing Company  G,  Nineteenth  Ohio  Volunteer  Infantry 
(three  months'  service),  Was  appointed  first  sergeant  of 
the  company  April  16,  1861.  In  May  uniformed  and 
acted  as  second  lieutenant,  but  was  not  mustered  in  as 
such.  Participated  in  the  battle  of  Rich  Mountain,  Vir- 
ginia. After  the  muster  out  and  discharge  (if  the  regi- 
ment  in  August,  1 861,  Sergeant  Purington  reorganized 
the  company  into  a  troop  of  cavalry,  and  was  mustered 
in  as  captain  oi  Troop  A,  Second  Ohio  Volunteer  Cav- 
alry, August  [6,  1861,  at  Cleveland,  Ohio.  Promoted 
major  September  10,  1861.  Was  engaged  in  actions  at 
Independence,  Lone  Jack,  Sarcoxie,  Fort  Wayne,  Rhea's 
Mills,  Cane  Hill,  Missouri;  Mount  Sterling,  Fishing  Creel;, 
Steubenville,  Kentucky;  pursuit  and  capture  of  John 
Morgan;  Cumberland  Gap,  Waterga  Bridge,  Blounts- 
ville,  Bristol,  siege  of  Knoxville,  Bean's  Station,  Blue 
Springs,  Walker's  Ford,  Clinch  River,  Cheek's  Cross- 
Roads,  Russellville,  Burnt  House,  Blain's  Cross-Roads, 


and  Mossy  Creek,  Tennessee.  Commissioned  lieuten- 
ant-colonel Second  Ohio  Cavalry  June  25,  1863.  Com- 
manded the  regiment  or  a  brigade  until  mustered  out  of 
service. 

He  was  commissioned  colonel  Second  Ohio  Cav- 
alry June,  1864,  but  was  not  mustered  as  such,  the  regi- 
ment being  below  the  minimum,  caused  by  casualties  of 
the  battles  of  the  Wilderness,  Spottsylvania,  Cold  Har- 
bor, actions  of  St.  Mary's  Church,  Piney  Branch  Church, 
Hanover  Court-House,  Ashland  Station,  Shad)'  Grove, 
Nottaway  Court-Housc,  through  which  battles  Colonel 
Purington  commanded  the  regiment ;  also  in  the  battles 
of  Stony  Creek,  Ream's  Station,  and  action  at  Summit 
Point ;  commanded  the  First  Brigade  of  the  Third  Divi- 
sion, Cavalry  Corps,  at  the  battles  of  Winchester,  Fisher's 
Hill,  actions  of  Luray  Valley,  Waynesborough,  Bridge- 
water,  Reamstown,  Charlestown,  and  Berryville  ;  com- 
manded his  regiment  at  the  battle  of  Cedar  Creek,  and 
in  the  action  of  Back  Road,  Virginia.  Was  honorably 
mustered  out  November,  1864. 

He  was  commissioned  captain  in  the  Ninth  Regiment 
of  Cavalry  July  28,  1866.  Was  with  his  troop  in  all  the 
Indian  campaigns  in  Texas,  New  Mexico,  and  Arizona, 
from  April,  1 867,  until  1881,  the  war  with  the  Indian 
chief  Victoria  included.  During  this  campaign  the  bat- 
talion in  which  Colonel  Purington  served,  consisting  of 
less  than  two  hundred  and  fifty-men,  lost  two  officers 
and  sixteen  men  killed,  one  officer  and  sixty-four  men 
wounded. 

In  October,  1883,  was  promoted  major  Third  U.  S. 
Cavalry,  serving  since  then  in  Arizona,  Texas,  and 
Indian  Territory.  Commanded  the  battalion  of  the 
Third  Cavalry  that  was  present  during  the  threatened 
Indian  troubles,  in  1885,  in  the  Indian  Territory. 

Brevet  major  U.  S.  Army  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  at  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness,  Virginia. 

Brevet  lieutenant-colonel  U.  S.  Army  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of  Winchester,  Virginia. 

Brevet  colonel  U.  S.  Army  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  at  the  battle  of  Cedar  Creek,  Virginia. 

Is  now  in  command  of  Third  U.  S.  Cavalry  and  sta- 
tioned at  Fort  Clark,  Texas. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


329 


REAR-ADMIRAL  STEPHEN  P.  QUACKENBUSH,  U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Rf.ak-Apmiral  Stephen  P.  Quackenbusii  was  born 
in  New  York.  Appointed  from  New  York  February  15, 
1840;  attached  to  sloop  "Boston,"  East  India  Squadron, 
1841-42;  frigate  "  Raritan,"  Brazil  Squadron,  1843-45; 
Naval  School,  1846;  sloop  "Albany,"  Home  Squadron, 
1846-47  ;  was  actively  engaged  in  operating  against  Vera 
Cruz,  and  on  blockading  duty  during  the  Mexican  War. 
Promoted  to  passed  midshipman  July  11,  1846;  store- 
ship  "Supply,"  Mediterranean,  1847-48;  Coast  Survey, 
1849-50;  mail-steamer  "  Pacific,"  1850-51  ;  mail-steamer 
"  Illinois,"  1852  ;  brig  "  Perry,"  coast  of  Africa,  1853-54. 
Commissioned  as  lieutenant  September  4,  1855  ;  Home 
Squadron,  1856;  steam-frigate  "Wabash,"  Home  Squad- 
ron, 1857-58;  navy-yard,  Philadelphia,  1859;  frigate 
"Congress,"  Brazil  Squadron,  1859-61.  Commissioned 
as  lieutenant-commander  July  16,  1862;  commanding 
steamer  "  Delaware,"  North  Atlantic  Blockading  Squad- 
ron, 1862;  covered  the  retreat  of  General  Burnside's 
army  at  Roanoke  Island,  and  scattered  a  large  body 
of  the  enemy  who  were  preparing  to  resist  them  ; 
commanding  the  "  Delaware,"  flying  the  divisional 
flag  of  Commander  S.  C.  Rowan,  at  the  battles  of 
Roanoke  Island,  Elizabeth  City,  and  New  Berne,  1862; 
at  Winton,  N.  C,  in  same  vessel,  engaged  a  rebel  battery 
and  a  regiment  of  infantry  at  short  range;  engagements 
with  Sewell's  Point  battery  and  a  flying  battery  at  Wilcox 
Landing,  and  a  batten- on  Malvern  Hill,  James  River; 
engagement  with  a  battery  at  Point  of  Rocks,  Appo- 
mattox River,  1862;  covered  the  rear-guard  of  the  army 
at  the  retreat  to  Harrison's  Landing,  1862  ;  commanded 
the  steam-gun-boat  "  Unadilla,"  South  Atlantic  Block- 
ading Squadron,  1863;  commanding  steam-gun-boat 
"  Pequot,"  North  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron,  1863- 
64 ;  commanded  the  iron-clad  "  Patapsco,"  South  .At- 
lantic Blockading  Squadron,  1864,  and  while  engaged  in 


ascertaining  the  nature  and  position  of  the  obstructions 
in  Charleston  harbor  and  dragging  for  torpedoes,  was 
struck  by  one,  and  sunk  in  twenty  seconds, — this  occurred 
within  three  hundred  and  fifty  yards  of  Fort  Sumter; 
commanded  the  steamer  "  Nungo,"  South  Atlantic  Block- 
ading Squadron,  Georgetown,  South  Carolina,  for  the 
protection  of  that  place,  and,  with  a  force  of  light-draught 
vessels  under  his  command,  prevented  the  re-erection  of 
the  fort  by  the  enemy,  which  had  been  previously  de- 
stroyed by  our  fleet.  Commissioned  as  commander  July 
25,  1866;  commanding  steamer  "  Conemaugh,"  Atlantic 
Squadron,  1866-68;  navy-yard,  Norfolk,  1868-70;  com- 
manding steam-sloop  "  Tuscarora,"  1S71.  Commissioned 
as  captain  July,  1871  ;  commanding  "Terror"  (third- 
rate),  North  Atlantic  Station,  1872  ;  commanding  receiv- 
ing-ship "New  Hampshire,"  1873-75.  Commodore 
in  1,880;  commanding  Naval  Station,  Pensacola,  1880- 
82.  Promoted  to  rear-admiral  in  July,  1884.  Died 
in  1890. 


42 


33° 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  {regular) 


COMMODORE  F.  M.  RAMSAY,  U.S.N. 

Commodore  Francis  Munroe  Ramsay  was  bom  in 
the    Districl    of  Columbia,  and   is    the    son    of  ("uncial 

( ge  Douglas  Ramsay,  of  the  I".  S.  Army,  who  was 

for  sonic  years  chief  of  ordnance,  and  was  brevetted 
major-general  for  "  meritorious  services  during  the  Civil 
War." 

Commodore  Ramsay  entered  the  navy  as  midshipman 
from  Pennsylvania  October,  1850.  He  was  at  the  Naval 
Academy  on  hoard  the  practice-ship  "  Preble,"  and  the 
frigate  "St.  Lawrence,"  of  the  Pacific  Squadron,  until 
[855.  Then  he  went  to  the  Naval  School  again,  and 
became  passed  midshipman  in  June,  1856.  Serving  in 
the  sloop  "Falmouth,"  on  the  Brazil  Station,  he  was 
made  acting  master,  and  became  master  in  January.  1858, 
while  attached  to  the  steam-frigate  "  Merrimac,"  of  the 
Pai  ific  Si  [uadron. 

He   was    made    lieutenant   the   same   month,   in    1858, 
and,  after  his  return  from  the  Pacific,  was,  tor  a  time,  on 
ordnance  duty  at  the  Washington  yard.     During  [860- 
I  i  '  he  made  a  cruise  on  the  0  last  1  >t    Afrii  a,  in  the  sli  <•  1]  1 
of-war  "  Saratoga." 

The  Civil  War  was  now  in  full  progress,  and  Com 
modore  Ramsay,  having  been  commissioned  lieutenant- 
commander  in  July,  1862,  was  ordered  to  tin  command 
of  the  iron-clad  "  Choctaw,"  of  the  Mississippi  Squadron, 
where  he  was  to  be  actively  and  conspicuously  employed 
for  the  next  two  years. 

Among  his  services  were  the  engagements  at  Haines's 
Bluff,  Yazoo  River,  April  50  and  Mayi,i863;  the  expe- 
dition up  the  Yazoo  River  to  Yazoo  City  in  May,  [863, 
when  the  rebel  naval  building  yard  and  tin:  vessels  there 


were  destroyed.  The  same  month  he  was  in  the  engage- 
ment at  Liverpool  Landing,  on  the  Yazoo.  In  June, 
1863,  lie  was  engaged  with  a  heavy  force  of  the  enemy 
at  Milliken's  Rend, — the  capture  of  which  his  heavy  fire 
prevented,  aiul  thereby  saved  a  disaster  of  great  impor- 
tance. 

lie  was  engaged  at  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  and  com- 
manded a  battery  of  three  heavy  .emus,  mounted  on 
scows,  from  June  19  to  July  4,  1863,  when  the  capitu- 
lation occurred. 

After  this  event,  Lieutenant-Commander  Ramsay  com- 
manded the  'Third  Division  of  the  Mississippi  Squadron 
for  some  fourteen  months.  He  had  many  engagements 
with  field  baltei  its  and  guerillas,  commanded  an  expe- 
dition up  the  Black  and  the  Ouachita  Rivers,  and  had 
engagements  with  the  enemy  at  many  points  on  those 
water-courses.  lie  was  in  the  celebrated  Red  River 
Expedition,  when  the  clam  was  made  by  the  army  to 
allow  the  iron-clads  that  had  been  caught  by  the  falling 
waters  to  pass.  At  Simmsport,  Louisiana,  he  had  the 
pleasure,  in  his  trip  up  the  Atchafalaya,  of  recapturing, 
in  a  battery  which  attacked  him,  some  rilled  guns  which 
had  been  taken  from  General  Banks. 

lie  went  East  with  Admiral  Porter,  and  commanded 
the  "  Unadilla"  at  the  engagements  at  Fort  Fisher,  Fort 
Anderson,  and  the  other  forts  on  the  Cape  Fear  River. 
He  was  present  at  the  capture  of  Richmond.  Alter  the 
peace,  he  was  in  charge  of  the  Department  of  Gunnery 
at  the  Naval  Academy. 

Promoted  commander  July,  iS6f>,  and  on  navigation 
duty  at  Washington,  and  then  fleet-captain,  and  in  com- 
mand of  "  Guerriere,"  [867-69,  on  South  Atlantic  Station. 
After  more  duty  in  the  line  of  ordnance  at  Washington, 
he  became  the  naval  attache  at  London  in  1872-73. 
After  that  he  commanded  the  "  Ossipee,"  of  the  North 
Atlantic  Squadron,  [873-74,  and  the  "Lancaster"  in 
[874—75.  The  next  two  years  were  spent  as  the  execu- 
tive-officer of  the  Naval  Asylum  at  Philadelphia,  and  then 
he  went  for  the  same  term  as  inspector  of  ordnance  at 
New  York. 

Hewas  commissioned  captain  in  1878, and  had  charge 
of  the  Torpedo  Static  in  fi  >r  three  years  after  that.  During 
the  year  18S1  he  commanded  the  "  Trenton,"  flag-ship 
of  the  European  Station.  His  next  duty  was  upon  the 
Board  of  Examination,  and,  during  1887-89,  he  com- 
manded the  "  Boston"  upon  special  service. 

He  received  his  commission  as  commodore  in  March, 
[889,  and  was  appointed  chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Navi- 
gation in  the  Navy  Department  in  the  same  year,  which 
pi  isitn  >n  he  still  retains. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


33' 


MAJOR  JACOB  B.    RAWLES,  U.S.A. 

Major  Jacob  B.  Rawles  (Fourth  Artillery)  was  born 
in  Michigan  August  4,  1839,  a,ul  graduated  at  the  Mili- 
tary Academy  May  6,  1 86 1.  He  was  promoted  second 
lieutenant  Third  Artillery  the  same  da)',  and  first  lieuten- 
ant Fifth  Artillery  May  14,  1861.  He  served  during  the 
war  of  the  Rebellion,  and  was  engaged  from  May  7  till 
about  July  15,  1861,  in  drilling  volunteers  in  and  about 
Washington,  D.  C. ;  he  was  thus  occupied  with  the  Sixty- 
ninth  New  York  Infantry  (Irish),  the  Second  Connecticut 
Infantry  (General  Terry's  regiment),  and  the  Sixth  Maine 
Infantry.  He  was  then  detailed  on  recruiting  service  in 
connection  with  the  organization  of  the  Fifth  Artillery 
from  about  July  5  until  October,  1861,  serving  at  Camp 
Greble,  Harrisburg,  Pennsylvania,  and  at  Fort  Hamilton, 
New  York  harbor,  till  November,  1862  ;  joined  Light  Bat- 
tery G,  Fifth  U.S.  Artillery,  December  1,  1862  ;  he  sailed 
from  New  York,  on  the  clipper-ship  "  Jennie  Beals,"  with 
Banks's  Expedition,  bound  for  New  (  Irleans,  Louisiana, 
December  9,  1862,  and  served  in  the  Department  of  the 
Gulf  from  date  of  arrival  at  New  (  Irleans,  December  25, 
1862,  until  after  the  surrender  of  Fort  Morgan,  Mobile 
Bay,  Alabama,  in  August,  [864.  He  participated  in  the 
first  attack  upon  Port  Hudson,  Louisiana,  operations  about 
Baton  Rouge,  Louisiana,  in  the  spring  of  1865,  and  the 
final  siege  of  the  former-named  place,  terminating  July  8, 
1863, — returning  to  New  Orleans  with  the  battery  in  the 
fall  of  the  same  year.  In  the  spring  of  1864  he  partici- 
pated in  the  Red  River  campaign,  being  present  and 
actively  engaged  with  Light  Batter)*  G,  Fifth  Artillery,  at 
the  battle  of  Sabine  Cross- Roads,  or  Mansfield,  Louisiana, 
April  8,  1864.  After  the  retreat  of  the  Army  of  the  Gulf, 
returned  to  New  Orleans,  remaining  there  until  the  oper- 
ations of  the  army  about  Mobile  Bay,  Louisiana,  and  the 
siege  of  Fort  Morgan.  He  took  part  in  all  those  opera- 
tions which  culminated  in  the  surrender  of  the  latter  place. 
After  the  surrender  of  Fort  Morgan  he  returned  to  New 
Orleans,  Louisiana,  and  from  there,  in  the  month  of  Au- 
gust, 1864,  was  transferred  with  Light  Battery  G,  Fifth 
Artillery,  to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  The  winter  of 
1864-65  was  passed  with  the  Artillery  Reserve  of  the 
Fifth  Corps,  occupying  winter-quarters  on  the  Jerusalem 
Plank  Road,  rear  defensive  line  of  the  Army  of  the  Po- 
tomac. 

In  the  spring  campaign  of  1865  he  participated  in 
most  of  the  actions,  skirmishes,  and  battles  of  the  Fifth 
Corps,  terminating  with  the  surrender  of  the  rebel  Army 
of  Northern  Virginia,  April  9,  1865. 

He  was  made  brevet  captain  July  8,  1S63,  for  "  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  in  the  siege  of  Port  Hudson, 
Louisiana;"  brevet  major  April  9,  1865,  for  "gallant  and 
meritorious   services   during   the   campaign   terminating 


with  surrender  of  the  insurgent  forces  under  General  R. 
E.  Lee."  He  was  regimental  quartermaster  of  the  Fifth 
Artillery  from  November,  [861,  to  November,  1862. 

After  the  Rebellion,  lie  was  with  Light  Battery  G,  Fifth 
Artillery,  at  Camp  Bailey,  Bladensburg,  Maryland,  and  at 
Little  Rock,  Arkansas,  until  July  28,  1866,  when  he  was 
promoted  captain,  and  served  at  Fort  Warren,  Massachu- 
setts, with  Battery  1),  Fifth  Artillery,  from  March,  1869, 
until  December,  1875;  at  Oglethorpe  Barracks,  Savan- 
nah, Georgia,  until  1879;  McPherson  Barracks,  Georgia, 
from  April  1,  1879,  until  February,  1880;  at  Key  West 
Barracks,  Florida  (second  time),  and  Fort  Brook,  Tampa, 
Florida,  until  July,  18S1  ;  on  leave  of  absence  from  July 
1881,  till  December,  1881  ;  at  Fort  Schuyler,  New  York 
harbor,  from  December,  1881,  to  September,  1882;  left 
Fort  Schuyler  for  Omaha,  Nebraska,  with  Battery  D, 
Fifth  Artillery,  September  10,  [882;  during  the  fall  of 
that  year  the  battery  was  mounted,  equipped,  and  organ- 
ized as  a  mounted  battery;  absent  from  Fort  Omaha 
during  the  months  of  October,  November,  and  Decem- 
ber, 1882,  as  a  member  of  a  Horse  Board  for  purchasing 
horses  for  the  battery  and  for  the  cavalry  service  ;  ordered 
with  battery  to  Fort  Douglas,  Utah,  in  December,  1885  ; 
serving  there  till  November,  1886;  during  sojourn  at 
that  post  built  large,  commodious  stables  for  batten-, 
capable  of  accommodating  eighty  horses;  from  Fort 
Douglas  took  station,  in  December,  1886,  at  Fort  Schuy- 
ler, New  York,  having  been  transferred  to  Battery  E;  in 
May,  1887  ordered  to  duty  with  battery  at  Fort  Hamil- 
ton, New  York;  ordered  to  Fort  Preble,  Maine;  served 
at  Fort  Preble  until  the  Fourth  Artillery  was  transferred 
South,  to  Fort  McPherson,  Georgia,  May  28,  1889, 
having  been  promoted  major  of  the  Fourth  Artillery 
August  10,  18X7. 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


BREVET    MAJOR-GENERAL   J.    A.    RAWLINS,   U.S.A. 
(deceased). 

Brevet  Major-General  J.  A.  Rawlins  was  born  in 
East  Galena,  Illinois,  February  13,  1831.  Died  at  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  Sept.  9,  1869.  He  was  of  Scotch-Irish 
extraction.  His  father,  James  D.  Rawlins,  removed  from 
Kentucky  to  Missouri,  and  then  to  Illinois.  John  passed 
his  early  years  on  the  family  farm,  and  attended  the  dis- 
trict school  in  winter.  Studied  law  with  Isaac  P.  Stevens 
at  Galena,  and  in  Oct.,  1854,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  taken  into  partnership  by  his  preceptor.  In  1855 
Mr.  Stevens  retired,  leaving  the  business  to  Rawlins. 

In  i860  he  was  nominated  for  the  electoral  college  on 
the  Douglas  ticket.  He  was  outspoken  for  the  Union 
and  for  the  war  to  maintain  it,  and  at  a  mass  meeting  at 
Galena,  on  April  \(\  1861,  Rawlins  was  called  on  to 
speak;  but  instead  of  deprecating  the  war,  as  had  been 
expected,  he  made  a  speech  of  an  hour,  in  which  he 
upheld  it  with  signal  ability  and  eloquence.  Among 
those  of  the  audience  that  had  acted  with  the  Democrats 
\\  as  Captain  Ulysses  S.  Grant.  He  was  deeply  impressed 
by  the  speech,  and  thereupon  offered  his  services  to  the 
country,  and  from  that  time  firth  was  the  warm  friend  of 
Rawlins.  The  first  act  of  Grant  after  he  had  been  as- 
signed to  the  command  of  a  brigade,  August  7,  1861, 
was  to  offer  Rawlins  the  post  of  aide-de-camp  on  his 
staff  and  soon  after  the-  position  of  captain  and  assistant 
adjutant-general,  to  date'  from  August  30,  1861.  He 
joined  Grant  at  Cairo,  Illinois,  September  15,  1861,  and 


from  that  time  was  constantly  with  the  latter  till  the  end 
of  the  war,  except  from  August  1  to  October  1,  1864, 
when  he  was  absent  on  sick-leave.  He  was  promoted 
major  April  11,  1862;  lieutenant-colonel  November  I, 
1862;  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  August  II,  1863; 
brevet  major-general  of  volunteers  February  24,  1865; 
chief  of  staff  to  Lieutenant-General  Grant,  with  the  rank 
of  brigadier-general  United  States  Army,  March  3,  1  865  ; 
and  brevet  major-general  United  States  Army  March  13, 
1 865.  Finally,  he  was  appointed  Secretary  of  War  March 
9,  1869,  which  office  he  held  till  his  death.  Before  en- 
tering the  army,  Rawlins  had  never  seen  a  company  of 
uniformed  soldiers,  nor  read  a  book  on  tactics  or  mili- 
tary organization  ;  but  he  soon  developed  rare  executive 
abilities.  Early  after  joining  Grant,  Rawlins  acquired 
great  influence  over  him.  He  was  bold,  resolute,  and 
outspoken  in  counsel,  and  never  hesitated  to  give  his 
opinion  upon  matters  of  importance,  whether  it  was  asked 
or  not.  His  relations  with  Grant  were  closer  than  those 
of  any  other  man,  and  so  highly  did  the  latter  value  his 
sterling  qualities  and  his  great  abilities  that,  in  a  letter 
to  Henry  Wilson,  chairman  of  the  Senate  Military  Com- 
mittee, lie  declared  that  Rawlins  was  more  nearly  indis- 
pensable to  him  than  any  other  officer  in  the  army.  He 
was  a  man  of  austere  habits,  severe  morals,  aggressive 
temper,  and  of  inflexible  will,  resolution,  and  courage. 
He  verified,  re-arranged,  ami  rewrote,  when  necessary, 
all  the  statements  of  Grant's  official  reports,  adhering  as 
closely  as  possible  to  Grant's  original  drafts,  but  making 
them  to  conform  to  the  facts  as  they  were  understood  at 
head-quarters.  At  Chattanooga  he  became  an  ardent 
advocate  of  the  plan  of  operations  devised  by  General 
Wm.  F.  Smith,  and  adopted  by  Generals  Thomas  and 
Grant,  and  for  the  relief  of  the  army  at  Chattanooga, 
and  for  the  battle  of  Missionary  Ridge,  where  his  per- 
sistence finally  secured  positive  orders  from  Grant  to 
Thomas  directing  the  advance  of  the  Arm}'  of  the  Cum- 
berland that  resulted  in  carrying  the  heights.  I  Ie  accom- 
panied Grant  to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  was 
his  devoted  and  loyal  friend  all  through  this  campaign. 
Rawlins,  as  Secretary  of  War,  was  the  youngest  member 
of  the  Cabinet,  as  he  was  the  youngest  member  of  Grant's 
staff  when  he  joined  it  at  Cairo  in  1861.  Soon  after 
entering  the  Cabinet  he  suffered  much  from  pulmonary 
consumption,  which  he  had  contracted  during  the  war, 
and  up  to  the  time  of  his  death  he  performed  all  the 
duties  of  his  office,  and  exerted  a  commanding  influence 
in  the  counsels  of  the  1 'resident  to  the  last. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


533 


CAPTAIN    WILLIAM    C.    RAWOLLE,    U.S.A. 

Captain  William  C.  Rawolle  (Second  Cavalry)  was 
born  in  Prussia  August  28,  1S40.  In  childhood  he  be- 
came a  resident  of  New  York,  and  in  Jul}-,  1S61,  he  was 
appointed  junior  second  lieutenant  of  a  light  batter}-  of 
the  New  York  National  Guard,  subsequently  known  as 
Battery  L,  Second  New  York  Artillery.  He  was  com- 
missioned in  the  same  October  26,  1861,  and  was  pro- 
moted first  lieutenant  March  4,  1862. 

(  In  June  21,  1S62,  he  was  promoted  captain  and  addi- 
tional aide-de-camp,  and  attached  to  the  staff"  of  General 
Samuel  D.  Sturgis,  serving  in  the  field  with  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac,  and  being  engaged  in  the  battles  of 
second  Bull  Run,  South  Mountain,  Antietam,  Warrenton, 
Sulphur  Springs,  and  Fredericksburg,  in  1862. 

In  March,  1863,  he  was  detailed  on  the  staff  of  Major- 
General  John  E.  Wool,  commanding  the  Department  of 
the  East,  where  he  remained  until  General  Wool's  retire- 
ment, when  he  was  returned  to  duty  with  General  Sturgis, 
then  commanding  the  Cavalry  Corps  of  the  Arm}-  of  the 
Ohio,  operating  in  East  Tennessee,  and  later  on  in  West 
Tennessee  and  Mississippi.  He  remained  on  this  duty 
until  the  close  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  participating 
in  the  campaigns  of  Tennessee  and  Mississippi,  and  battle 
of  Price's  Cross- Roads,  Mississippi. 

He  was  brevetted  major  of  volunteers  March  13,  1865, 
for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  from  August,  1862,  to  January,  1863,  including 
the  battles  of  second  Bull  Run,  South  Mountain,  Antie- 
tam, Warrenton,  Sulphur  Springs,  and  Fredericksburg; 
and  lieutenant-colonel  of  volunteers  March  13,  1865,  for 
services  in  the  West,  including  the  cavalry  campaign  in 
East  Tennessee  and  expeditions  to  Northern  Mississippi, 
and  for  gallant,  daring-,  and  good  conduct  at  the  battle  of 
Brice's  Cross-Roads,  Mississippi. 


Captain  Rawolle  resigned  his  volunteer  commission 
August  1  1,  1865,  and  remained  out  of  service  until  June 
6,  1868,  when  he  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  of  the 
Second  U.  S.  Cavalry. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  April  26,  1869,  and 
captain  December  20,  1880.  He  served  on  frontier  duty 
in  Colorado,  Wyoming,  Montana,  Idaho,  and  Washing- 
ton, from  1868  to  1890,  participating  in  the  Big  Horn 
and  Yellowstone  Expedition  in  1876  against  Sitting 
Bull's  band  of  Sioux  Indians. 

He  was  regimental  quartermaster  of  the  Second  Cav- 
alry from  Jul}-  15,  1870,  to  September  15,  1874,  and 
adjutant  of  the  Second  Cavalry  from  March  31,  1878,  to 
August  31,1 880. 

In  1890  the  Second  Cavalry  was  transferred  to  Ari- 
zona, and  Captain  Rawolle  is  at  this  date  on  duty  at  Fort 
Huachuca,  Arizona. 


334 


OFFICERS   OF  THF  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN 


HHNRY    RAY.   U.S.A. 


Captain  P.  Henry  Ray  (Eighth  Infantry)  was  born  in 
Wisconsin  May  8,  1842.  Upon  the  breaking  out  of  the 
Civil  War  he  entered  the  volunteer  service  and  served  as 
private,  corporal,  sergeant,  and  first  sergeant  of  companies 
K  and  A,  Second  Wisconsin  Infantry,  from  May  7,  1861, 
to  July  12,  1863,  participating  in  the  Manassas  campaign 
of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  was  engaged  in  the 
action  at  Blackburn's  Ford,  July  iS,  1861,  and  the  first 
battle  of  Pull  Run,  July  21,  1S61. 

He  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  of  the  First  Wis- 
consin Heavy  Artillery  July  13,  1863;  promoted  captain 
September  13,  1864,  and  honorably  mustered  out  June 
26,  1865.  lie  became  captain  of  the  Sixth  U.  S.  Vet- 
eran Infantry  August  9,  1865,  and  honorably  mustered 
out  April  12,  1866.  He  then  entered  the  regular  ser- 
vice as  second  lieutenant  of  the  Thirty-third  Infantry 
March  7,  [867,  and  served  on  special  duty,  constructing 
McPherson  Barracks,  Alabama,  to  November,  1867; 
thru  at  Huntsville, Tuscaloosa,  Mobile, and  Montgomery, 
Alabama,  to  May,  [869,  when  he  was  transferred  to  the 
Eighth  Infantry,  and  served  at  Fort  Johnson,  North  Car- 
olina; Columbia,  South  Carolina;  and  Raleigh,  North 
Carolina,  to  October  27,  1870,  when  he  was  ordered  to 
David's  Island,  New-  York. 

In  July,  1872,  the  Eighth  Infantry  was  transferred  to 
Dakota,  and  Lieutenant  Ray  participated  with  General 
Stanley's  first  expedition  to  the  Yellowstone  in  the 
summei  of  that  year.  He  was  then  stationed  at  Omaha 
Barracks  until  May,  1873,  when  he  took  the  field  with 
the  second  expedition  of  General  Stanley  to  the  Yellow- 
stone. Serving  then  at  Fort  Russell  until  February  22, 
1S74,  he  participated  in  an  expedition  against  the  Sioux 
Indians,  under  General  John  E.  Smith,  until  July  of  the 
same  year,  and  then  the  station  of  his  regiment  was 
changed   to   Arizona.     Lieutenant    Ray    was   promoted 


first  lieutenant  Dec.  31,  1875,  and  afterwards  stationed 
at  Yuma  Depot,  Fort  Lowell,  and  Fort  Apache  to  1878. 

Lieutenant  Ray  was  acting  signal  officer  from  May, 
[881,  to  June,  1885.  He  was  assigned  to  the  command 
of  the  International  Polar  Expedition  to  Point  Barrow, 
Alaska,  June,  188]  ;  organizing  and  outfitting  expedition 
in  San  Francisco,  California,  to  July,  1881  ;  sailed  from 
San  Francisco,  California,  and  landed  at  Plover  Bay, 
Siberia,  August  21,  1881,  and  at  Point  Barrow,  Alaska, 
September  8,  I  88  1  ;  established  and  commanded  meteori  <- 
logical  station  at  Uglaamie,  Alaska,  to  August  22,  1883, 
when  the  station  was  abandoned;  dining  1882  and  [883 
he  made  two  expeditions  into  the  interior,  travelling  over 
one  thousand  miles  in  an  unexplored  region  with  dogs 
and  sledge ;  discovered  anil  partly  surveyed  Meade 
River;  sailed  from  Uglaamie,  Alaska,  August  23,  1883; 
picked  up  Lieutenant  Schwatka  and  party  at  Redoubt 
Michaelofsky  September  13,  1883;  landed  in  San  Fran- 
ciseo,  California,  October  7,  1883,  and  disbanded  the  ex- 
pedition ( Ictober  15,  1883.  He  was  then  on  duty  in  the 
office  of  the  chief  signal  officer,  Washington,  D.  C,  pre- 
paring report  of  the  International  Polar  PLxpedition  to 
June,  1885.  He  was  appointed  United  States  delegate 
to  International  Polar  Congress  at  Vienna,  Austria,  from 
March,  1884,  to  July,  1884,  and  on  duty  in  Washington, 
D.  C,  from  July,  1884,  to  April,  1885. 

As  to  Lieutenant  Ray's  Arctic  work,  it  is  believed  that 
more  was  accomplished  than  his  instructions  required. 
(  )f  all  the  expeditions  sent  out  by  the  United  States  gov- 
ernment officially,  his  was  the  only  one  that  passed  two 
years  in  the  Arctic  without  losing  a  single  life,  or  that 
did  not  come  to  grief.  In  July,  1882,  he  personally 
piloted  through  the  moving  pack,  and  safely  brought 
to  land,  the  crew  of  the  whaler  "  North  Star"  (fifty-two 
officers  and  men),  when  that  vessel  was  crushed  in  the 
ice  anil  sunk  six  miles  offshore. 

In  1S.X5,  Lieutenant  Ray  was  stationed  on  the  Pacific 
coast,  and  served  at  various  posts  until  the  fall  of  1886, 
when  he  was  transferred  to  the  Department  of  the  Platte; 
was  acting  judge-advocate  (captain)  from  April,  1887,  un- 
til 1891,  then  ordered  to  Fort  Washakie,  where  he  raised 
the  first  Indian  company  of  infantry. 

He  was  promoted  captain  May  2J,  I  88c;;  was  elected 
Fellow  of  Royal  Geographical  Society  in  June.  1S84. 

In  January,  1S71,  Lieutenant  Ray,  with  six  men  of  the 
Eighth  Infantry,  while  on  duty  at  David's  Island,  New- 
York,  perilled  their  lives  in  a  fearful  storm  to  save  the 
lives  of  two  citizens  discovered  helplessly  drifting  in  the 
vicinity  of  this  island,  and  who,  notwithstanding  their  in- 
ability to  return  without  assistance,  knowing  none  could 
be  afforded  at  the  time,  still  persevered,  and  succeeded  in 
the  object  for  which  they  had  endangered  their  lives,  for 
which  a  highly  complimentary  order  was  issued  by  the 
commandant  of  the  post. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


335 


CAPTAIN  ALLEN  VISSCHER  REED,  U.S.N. 

Captain  Ai.i.en  Visscher  Reed  was  born  at  Oak 
Mill,  New  York,  July  12,  1838.  When  very  young, 
he  moved  to  Lockport,  New  York,  and  resided  there 
till  sixteen,  receiving  a  primary-school  education,  supple- 
mented by  three  years  in  the  Union  School,  an  academic 
institution. 

Graduated  from  Naval  Academy  185S,  number  one  of 
the  class,  and  received  the  first  sword  presented  to  a  gradu- 
ate, which  was  engraved,  "  The  U.  S.  Naval  Academy  to 
Allen  V.  Reed,  as  a  testimony  of  highest  academic  merit." 
Warranted  midshipman  ;  joined  the  "  Macedonian"  at  Key 
West,  where  all  available  ships  had  reinforced  the  Home 
Squadron  on  account  of  threatened  trouble  with  Spain, 
arising  from  filibustering  expeditions  to  assist  Cuban  in- 
surgents. Cruised  in  Mediterranean  till  May,  1860,  when 
ship  returned,  leaving  him  dangerously  sick  at  Spezzia; 
promoted  to  passed  midshipman  ;  joined  "  Pawnee"  as 
watch-officer;  promoted  to  master  in  February;  transferred 
to  "  Water-Witch"  in  March,  as  navigator  and  watch- 
officer.  The  "  Water-Witch"  was  ordered  to  Fort  Pickens 
when  Sumter  was  invested,  then  joined  Gulf  Squadron. 
Promoted  to  lieutenant  April,  1861  ;  joined  "  Colorado"  on 
blockading  duty  in  September;  transferred  to  "  Potomac" 
in  December,  and  on  detachment  of  Lieutenant-Com- 
mander Kimberly  was  executive-officer  for  one  year; 
joined  "  Lackawanna,"  on  the  Mobile  blockade,  August, 
1863  ;  ordered  North  in  November,  and  to  "Tuscarora," 
North  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron,  February,  1864. 
The  "  Tuscarora"  went  out  of  commission  in  June,  and 
he  took  the  crew  by  rail  from  Baltimore  to  the  receiving- 
ship  at  New  York  without  losing  a  man,  although  it  was 
in  the  height  of  bounty -jumping.  Joined  the  "  Paw- 
tuxet"  and  returned  to  the  Wilmington  blockade  ;  en- 
gaged in  both  attacks  on  Fort  Fisher,  where,  according 
to  the  report  of  Admiral  Porter,  this  vessel  did  good 
service;  in  the  second  attack  was  in  temporary  command. 
After  Fort  Fisher  was  captured,  was  in  Cape  Fear  River 
working  through  the  obstructions  there,  at  the  bom- 
bardment of  Fort  Anderson  and  to  the  capture  of  Wil- 
mington. This  river  being  cleared,  the  "  Pawtuxet"  was 
ordered  to  the  James  River,  where  she  co-operated  with 
the  army  in  the  vicinity  of  Fort  Darling  and  Dutch  Gap 
Canal  in  the  closing  scenes  of  the  war  ;  then  he  com- 
manded the  vessel  for  two  months  at  various  points  on 
the  James  till  matters  quieted  down,  when  it  went  to 
New  York  and  out  of  commission. 

Promoted  to  lieutenant-commander,  1865  ;  joined 
double-turreted  iron-clad  "  Miantonomah"  in  September; 
detached  April,  1866;  was  assistant  to  executive-officer 
at  Norfolk  Navy- Yard  July  to  September  ;  then  to  "  Re- 
saca  ;"  ordered  to  North  Pacific  Station.  On  arrival  at 
Panama  was  detained  there  on  account  of  the  unsettled 
state  of  affairs  till  yellow  fever  broke  out,  when  ship  went 


north;  stopped  at  San  Francisco,  but  was  hurried  on  to 
Alaska  to  disinfect  by  freezing  out.  This  fever  was  very 
fatal,  as  the  "  Resaca"  lost  over  one-seventh  of  her  total 
complement.  At  Sitka  during  winter  of  1867;  assisted 
in  the  ceremonies  transferring  the  territory  to  the  United 
States.  "  Resaca,"  being  free  from  fever,  returned  south, 
and  he  was  transferred  to  "  Saranac,"  and  in  January, 
1869,  to  the  "  Jamestown  ;"  ordered  home  in  July. 

On  shore  duty  at  New  York  yard  1869-72,  on  receiv- 
ing-ship, in  equipment  and  navigation.  Promoted  com- 
mander 1872;  in  command  of  "Kansas,"  1872  to  1874, 
connected  with  Nicaragua  Surveying  Expedition  ;  while 
on  this  duty  met  the  steamer  "  Virginius"  at  Aspinwall, 
June,  1873,  which  it  was  claimed  had  been  employed  by 
the  insurgents  in  running  arms  into  Cuba.  The  Span- 
ish war-steamer  "  Bazan,"  in  search  of  the  "  Virginius," 
arrived  next  day,  and  her  captain  inquired  of  Com- 
mander Reed  the  status  of  the  "  Virginius,"  and  informed 
him  that  he  would  "resolutelyoppo.se"  her  departure. 
On  inquiry,  the  papers  of  the  "  Virginius"  being  found 
regular  and  in  order,  he  so  informed  the  commander  of 
the  "  Bazan,"  and  that  he  should  afford  her  protection  as 
an  American  vessel.  When  the  "  Virginius"  was  ready 
for  sea,  the  "  Kansas,"  with  shotted  guns,  placed  herself 
between  the  two  vessels,  and  so  proceeded  till  the  "  Vir- 
ginius" was  well  at  sea  and  beyond  the  reach  of  the 
"  Bazan,"  when  the  "Kansas"  returned  to  port  and  re- 
sumed the  duties  of  the  canal  survey. 

From  1874  to  1880  in  Hydrographic  Office;  after 
September,  1875,  as  assistant  hydrographer.  Command- 
ing "Alliance,"  North  Atlantic  Station,  1882-84;  pro- 
moted to  captain  Jul)-,  1884;  commanding  apprentice 
training-ship"  Minnesota,"  1884-86;  commanding"  Rich- 
mond," South  Atlantic  Station,  1888-90;  command- 
ant of  the  Pensacola  Naval  Station  from  December, 
1890. 


33* 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN   GEORGE   C.   REMEY,    U.S.N. 

Captain  George  C.  Remey  is  a  native  of  Burlington, 

Iowa,  and  was  born  on  August  10,  1841.  His  father, 
W.  B.  Remey,  was  a  Kentuckian,  while  his  mother,  whose 
maiden  name  was  I  lowland,  was  a  native  of  Vermont. 

Captain  Remey  graduated  from  the  U.  S.  Naval  Acad- 
emy in  June,  1S59,  and  immediately  joined  the  U.  S.  flag- 
ship "  I  lartford," — of  New  (  Irleans  and  Mobile  fame, — 
and  sailed  for  the  Asiatic  Station.  The  "  Hartford"  re- 
turned to  the  United  States  in  December,  1861,  and 
Remey  was  at  once  ordered  as  executive-officer  of  the 
"  Marblehead,"  one  of  the  gun-boats  built  in  ninety  days. 
He  served  in  the  "  Marblehead"  until  April,  1863,  when 
he  was  transferred  to  the  "  Canandaigua,"  steam-sloop, 
as  1  xecutive-officer.  During  his  service  in  the  "  Marble- 
head" he  commanded  that  vessel  for  a  short  period. 
While  attached  to  these  two  vessels  he  took  part  in 
several  engagements  with  the  enemy's  batteries.  From 
An- ust  23  to  September  8,  1863,  he  commanded  the 
naval  battery  on  Morris  Island  during  the  siege  of  Fort 
Wagner  and  the  bombardment  of  Fort  Sumter.  In  the 
night  attack-  on  Sumter,  September  8,  he  commanded  the 
second  division  of  boats.  The  attack  was  a  bold  one, 
and  well  pushed,  but  was  unsuccessful,  and  resulted  in 
great  loss  in  killed,  wounded,  and  prisoners.  Remey 
landed  on  the  fort,  but  his  boat  was  sunk,  and  he  was 
made  a  prisoner. 

Thirteen  months  were  then  passed  by  him  in  the  jail 
of  Columbia,  South  Carolina,  and  a  short  time  in  the  jail 
of  Charlotte,  North  Carolina,  and  in  Libby  Prison,  in 
Richmond,  Virginia,  from  which  latter  point  he  was  ex- 
changed, and  came  North. 

In  February,  1865,  he  was  ordered  as  the  executive- 
officer  of  the  U.  S.  S.  "  I  )e  Soto,"  and  from  April,  1865, 
to  August,  1867,  was  executive-officer  of  the  U.  S.  S. 
"  Mohongo,"  on  the  Pacific  Station.   Having  accomplished 


this  long  tour  of  service,  he  became  instructor  in  gunnery 
at  the  Naval  Academy,  and  in  1869-70  was  executive- 
officer  of  the  U.  S.  frigate  "  Sabine,"  on  special  service. 

At  the  time  of  the  expedition  for  the  survey  of  the 
Tehuantepec  and  Nicaragua  routes  for  a  canal  in  1870-71, 
Remey  was  one  of  the  staff,  being  employed  during  the 
intervals  at  the  Naval  Observatory. 

For  a  few  months  of  1872  he  commanded  the  U.  S.  S. 
"  Frolic,"  and  from  August  of  that  year  to  May,  1873, 
was  upon  staff-duty  on  board  the  U.  S.  flag-ship  "  Worces- 
ter," of  tile  North  Atlantic  Squadron. 

From  1874  to  1877  he  was  in  the  Bureau  of  Yards  and 
Docks,  Navy  Department,  Washington,  excepting  three 
months,  during  which  he  commanded  the  naval  force 
during  the  troubles  upon  the  Rio  Grande. 

In  1877-78  he  commanded  the  "Enterprise,"  North 
Atlantic  Station  ;  going  from  thence  to  Newport  for  tor- 
pedo instruction.  The  course  completed,  he  returned  to 
the  Bureau  of  Yards  and  Docks,  and  in  1881  was  ordered 
as  commander  to  the  flag-ship  "  Lancaster,"  of  the  Euro- 
pean Squadron,  where  he  remained  until  1883.  Upon  his 
return  he  was  ordered  to  the  navy-yard  at  Washington, 
during  which  time  he  received  his  promotion  to  a  cap- 
taincy. He  served  three  years  in  this  grade  at  the  navy- 
yard,  Norfolk,  Virginia,  and  was  then,  in  November,  1889, 
ordered  to  the  command  of  the  "  Charleston,"  fitting  out 
at  San  Francisco.  This  fine  ship,  a  protected  cruiser  of 
modern  type,  with  twin  screws,  two  military  masts,  and 
eight  guns,  has  been,  during  this  commission,  the  flag- 
ship of  Acting  Rear-Admiral  George  Brown,  and  her 
active  service  in  connection  with  the  Chilian  business 
made  her  name  well  known  to  the  country  at  large. 

Captain  Remey's  tour  of  duty  on  board  the  "  Charles- 
ton" expired  before  the  settlement  of  the  extraordinary 
action  of  the  Chilians.  He  was  ret. lined  in  the  command 
while  there  was  a  prospect  of  hostile  action;  but  that 
period  having  passed,  was  relieved  in  regular  course. 

Captain  Remey  had  a  younger  brother  in  the  service, 
E.  W.  Remey,  who  rose  to  the  rank  of  lieutenant,  and  was 
a  most  capable  and  energetic  officer,  liked  by  all  witli 
whom  he  came  in  contact,  whether  officer  or  man.  He 
graduated  at  the  Naval  Academy  in  the  class  of  1S67. 

Another  brother  is  Colonel  W.  B.  Remey,  of  the  U.S. 
Marine  Corps,  who  has  been  the  judge-advocate-general 
of  the  navy  for  a  number  of  years. 

Captain  Remey  is  a  Companion  of  the  Military  Order 
of  the  Loyal  Legion,  and  was  made  a  Knight  Companion 
of  the  Royal  Order  of  Kalakaua  by  his  late  Majesty  King 
Kalakaua,  of  the  Hawaiian  Islands.  It  is  well,  in  this 
connection,  to  state  that  no  foreign  order  can  be  accepted 
by  an  American  without  permission  of  Congress.  Cap- 
tain Remey's  connection  with  the  political  disturbances 
in  Hawaii  renders  his  recognition  in  this  manner  quite 
proper. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


337 


COLONEL   WM.   B.   REMEY,   U.S.M.C.   (retired). 

Colonel  Wm.  B.  Remey  is  a  native  of  Iowa,  and  en- 
tered the  Marine  Corps  as  second  lieutenant  in  Novem- 
ber, 1S61,  when  the  whole  country  was  in  a  ferment,  and 
all  the  young  men,  North  and  South,  were  taking  up 
arms.  During  the  years  1862-63  ne  performed  his  first 
service  in  the  "  Sabine,"  a  well-known  frigate  of  the  old 
school. 

After  receiving  promotion  to  be  first  lieutenant,  he  was 
ordered  to  the  navy-yard  at  Norfolk,  where  he  was  sta- 
tioned during  1864  and  a  part  of  1865,  a  period  when 
vigilance  on  the  part  of  the  marine  guard  was  particularly 
necessary. 

For  two  years  after  this  he  served  in  the  "  Yander- 
bilt,"  in  the  Pacific.  Upon  his  return  home  his  orders 
changed  rapidly.  He  was  on  board  the  "  North  Caro- 
lina" and  the  "  New  Hampshire,"  receiving-ships  ;  at 
the  marine  barracks  at  Philadelphia  ;  on  special  duty  at 
Washington  ;  and  at  head-quarters  at  Washington. 

He  was  commissioned  captain  in  1872,  and  was 
ordered  to  the  frigate  "  Colorado,"  of  the  North  Atlantic 
Squadron.  In  1875  he  returned  to  head-quarters,  being 
soon  after  detailed  as  fleet-marine-officer  of  the  South 
Pacific  Station.  There  he  remained  until  1876,  when  he 
was  ordered  to  the  same  position  on  the  South  Atlantic 
Station.  He  came  home  in  1S77,  and  was  attached  to 
the  Norfolk  Navy- Yard  during  1X7S.  In  1880  he  be- 
came the  acting  judge-advocate-general  of  the  United 
States  Navy,  with  the  rank  of  colonel,  from  June,  1880. 

In  this  position  he  continued  to  serve  until  May,  1892, 
having  been  the  law-officer  of  the  department  for  four- 
teen years,  during  which  time  he  won  many  friends,  not 
only  in  the  service  itself,  but  among  those  having  busi- 


ness with  the  department,  owing  to  his  devotion  to  the 
duties  of  his  office  and  the  signal  ability  with  which  he 
accomplished  the  immense  amount  of  work  devolving 
upon  him.  By  assiduous  study  and  industry  he  became 
thoroughly  able  to  decide  questions  of  naval  law  as  well 
as  to  advise  competently  in  the  large  contracts  for  build- 
ing, in  which  the  Navy  Department  was  engaged. 

During  his  administration  of  the  office  of  judge-advo- 
cate he  gained  the  respect  and  esteem  of  all  the  different 
secretaries  under  whom  he  served.  Personally  a  very 
genial  and  companionable  man,  it  was  with  unfeigned 
regret  and  sorrow  that  his  friends  learned,  in  May,  1S92, 
that  his  health  had  suddenly  and  utterly  broken  down. 
In  consequence  of  this  state  of  things  he  was  retired  on 
June  4,  1892,  with  the  full  rank  of  colonel. 


43 


338 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NA  VY  (regular) 


COLONEL  JOHN   F.  REYNOLDS,   U.S.A.  (deceased). 

Colonel  John  F.  Reynolds  was  born  in  Pennsyl- 
vania, and  graduated  at  the  Military  Academy  Julv  i, 
[841.  1  le  was  promoted  brevet  second  lieutenant  Third 
Artillery  the  same  day  ;  second  lieutenant  October  23, 
1841  ;  first  lieutenant  June  18,  1 S46,  and  captain  March  3, 
1855.  lie  served  at  Fort  McHenry,  Maryland;  Fort 
Pickens,  Florida;  Fort  Marion,  Florida,  and  Fort  Moul- 
trie, South  Carolina,  until  1845,  when  he  participated  in 
the  military  occupation  of  Texas  in  1845-46,  and  in  the 
war  with  Mexico,  1846-4S,  being  engaged  in  the  defence 
of  Fort  Brown,  Texas  ;  battle  of  Monterey  and  battle  of 
Buena  Vista,  for  which  he  was  brevctted,  for  "  gallant 
and  meritorious  conduct,"  captain  September  23,  1S46, 
in  the  battle  of  Monterey,  and  major  February  2^,  1847, 
in  the  battle  of  Buena  Vista,  Mexico. 

After  the  war  closed,  he  was  in  garrison  at  Fort  Trum- 
bull, Connecticut;  Fort  Preble,  Maine;  Fort  Adams, 
Rhode  Island  (as  regimental  quartermaster),  to  1852. 
He  was  aide-de-camp  to  Major-General  Twiggs  to 
November  30,  1853,  and  then  at  Forts  Lafayette  and 
Wood,  New  York,  until  1854,  when  he  participated  in 
the  march  to  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  1S54-55.  Upon  his 
promotion  to  a  captaincy  he  was  ordered  to  Fort  Yuma, 
and  subsequently  served  at  Benicia  and  Fort  Oxford 
during  1855-56.  He  participated  in  the  Rogue  River 
Expedition  of  1856,  and  was  engaged  in  several  skir- 
mishes with  Oregon  Indians.  He  was  transferred  to 
Fort  Monroe  in  1856,  and  served  there  until  1858,  when 
he  was  ordered  on  frontier  duty  at  Fort  Leavenworth, 
Kansas,  subsequently  joining  in  the  Utah  Expedition  of 
1858-59,  after  which  he  took  part  in  the  march  to  the 
Columbia  River  in  1S59,  ar»d  was  stationed  at  Fort  Van- 
couver, Washington,  during  1859-60.  He  was  at  the 
Military  Academy  as  commandant  of  cadets  (ex-officio 
lieutenant-colonel),  and  instructor  of  artillery,  infantry, 


and  cavalry  tactics,  from  September  8,  i860,  to  June  25, 
1861. 

He  was  appointed  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Fourteenth 
Infantry  May  14,  1861,  and  was  in  command  of  his  regi- 
ment at  Fort  Trumbull,  Connecticut,  from  Jul)'  6  to 
September  8,  1861.  Having  been  appointed  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers,  August  20,  1861,  he  was  in  com- 
mand of  a  brigade  of  the  Pennsylvania  Reserve  Corps, 
on  the  right  of  the  lines  before  Washington  City,  from 
September  16,  1X61,  to  June  9,  1862,  when  he  joined  in 
the  Virginia  Peninsula  campaign  with  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Mechanics- 
ville,  June  26;  Gaines'  Mill,  June  27,  and  Glendale, 
June  30,  1862,  where  he  was  captured,  and  remained  as 
prisoner-of-war  until  the  8th  of  August  following.  On 
rejoining  the  army  he  was  assigned  to  the  command  of 
a  division,  participating  in  the  Northern  Virginia  cam- 
paign, and  engaged  in  the  second  battle  of  Bull  Run 
August  29-30,  1862. 

General  Reynolds  was  placed  in  command  of  the 
Pennsylvania  Volunteer  Militia,  in  defence  of  the  State, 
during  the  Maryland  campaign,  from  September  14  to  26, 
1862,  and,  upon  being  relieved,  Governor  Curtin,  Sep- 
tember 26,  1862,  tendered  him  his  thanks,  in  behalf  of 
the  State  of  Pennsylvania,  in  the  following  terms: 
"Having  relieved  you  from  duty  as  commander  of  the 
Pennsylvania  Volunteer  Militia,  recently  called  for  the 
defence  of  the  State,  I  deem  it  proper  to  express  my 
strong  sense  of  the  gratitude  which  Pennsylvania  owes 
for  the  zeal,  spirit,  and  ability  which  you  brought  to  her 
service  at  a  period  when  her  honor  and  safety  were 
threatened.  That  for  her  security  you  left  the  command 
of  your  brave  division,  the  Pennsylvania  Reserves,  thus 
losing  the  opportunity  of  leading  this  gallant  corps  at 
South  Mountain  and  the  Antietam,  is  a  just  demonstration 
of  the  true  affection  you  bear  for  your  native  State,  which, 
be  assured,  her  freemen  reciprocate,  and  for  which,  in  their 
behalf,  I  am  happy  to  make  you  this  acknowledgment." 

General  Reynolds  was  appointed  major-general  of 
volunteers  November  29,  1862,  and  was  assigned  to  the 
command  of  the  First  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
participating  in  the  Rappahannock  campaign,  and  en- 
gaged in  the  battles  of  Fredericksburg,  December  13, 
1862,  and  Chancellorsville  (in  reserve),  May  2-4,  1863. 
He  was  promoted  colonel  of  the  Fifth  U.  S.  Infantry 
June  1,  1863.  He  participated  in  the  Pennsylvania  cam- 
paign, June  and  July,  1863,  and,  while  in  command  of 
the  engaged  forces  at  the  opening  of  the  battle  of  Get- 
tysburg, while  urging  on  his  men  with  animating  words, 
was  killed  Jul)-  1,  1863,  at  the  age  of  forty-two  years. 
He  was  struck  with  a  rifle-shot  that  caused  almost  instant 
death, — a  grievous  loss  to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  one 
of  whose  most  distinguished  and  best-beloved  officers  he 
was. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


339 


LIEUTENANT-COMMANDER  WILLIAM  WARLAND 
RHOADES,  U.S.N. 

Lieutenant-CommanderWilliamWarland  Rhoades 
was  born  in  Boston,  Massachusetts,  October  2,  1837.  He 
was  appointed  an  acting  ensign  in  the  navy  on  August 
19,  1S64.  He  was  ordered  to  the  frigate  "  Susquehanna," 
and  was  present  during  the  attacks  upon  Fort  Fisher, 
December  24  and  25,  1S64,  and  January  13  and  15, 
1865.  Commodore  Godon,  who  commanded  the  divi- 
sion, as  well  as  the  "  Susquehanna,"  reported  to  Admiral 
Porter :  "  From  my  position  on  the  wheel-house,  over- 
looking my  entire  batter)-,  I  had  every  officer  and  man 
under  my  observation,  and  I  have  sincere  pleasure  in 
testifying  to  the  fine  bearing,  zeal,  and  gallantry  of  the 
division  officers,  and  of  Acting  Ensign  Rhoades,  of  the 
First  Division." 

On  January  15  the  "Susquehanna"  landed  a  body  of 
about  one  hundred  sailors  and  marines,  for  the  assault 
upon  Fort  Fisher,  under  Lieutenant-Commander  Blake, 
Lieutenant  Bartlett,  and  Acting  Ensign  Rhoades.  Lieu- 
tenant-Commander Blake's  report  states :  "  I  sent  Mr. 
Rhoades,  with  ten  men,  to  report  to  Lieutenant  Preston, 
who  was  engaged  at  the  front  in  digging  rifle-pits.  Mr. 
Rhoades  rendered  most  valuable  service  in  the  rifle-pits, 
which  were  dug  under  the  fire  of  the  enemy's  sharp- 
shooters, and  occasionally  a  discharge  of  grape,  and 
when  the  army  made  the  assault,  accompanied  by  one 
brave  fellow,  James  Shannon,  he  followed  into  the  fort. 
Shannon  carried  a  flag  and  placed  it  on  the  parapet." 

Immediately  after  the  capture  of  the  fort  the  ships' 
boats  returned  to  their  respective  vessels,  leaving  Acting 
Ensign  Rhoades  with  the  army.  He  reported  to  General 
Terry,  and  during  the  night  was  placed  on  picket-duty 
with  the  troops.  On  the  following  morning,  by  order  of 
the  general,  he  went  into  the  fort  to  collect  the  stragglers 
from  the  navy,  and,  as  he  was  passing  out  with  these  men, 
was  thrown  violently  to  the  ground  by  the  concussion 
caused  by  the  explosion  of  the  magazine  of  the  fort,  by 
which  over  two  hundred  men  lost  their  lives. 

Acting  Ensign  Rhoades  was  promoted  to  acting  mas- 
ter April  2,  1866,  and  was  commissioned  as  ensign  in  the 


navy  March  12,  18G8,  being  one  of  the  sixty-four  who 
qualified,  before  the  Board  of  Examiners,  out  of  three 
hundred  and  five  applicants.  Ensign  Rhoades  reached 
the  grade  of  lieutenant-commander  in  February,  1884. 

lie  has  served  in  the  following-named  United  States 
vessels-of-war :  "Savannah,"  "Susquehanna,"  "  Nipsic," 
"  Pensacola,"  "  Independence,"  "  Cyane,"  "  Resaca," 
"Powhatan,"  "Kansas,"  "  Ossipee,"  "Sabine,"  "  Maho- 
pac,"  "Jamestown,"  and  "  Dale." 

During  the  time  he  was  attached  to  the  "  Ossipee,"  the 
steamer  "  Virginius,"  while  being  towed  and  manned  by 
a  crew  from  the  "  Ossipee,"  foundered  off  Frying-Pan 
Shoals.  When  it  was  discovered  that  she  was  sinking, 
he  immediately  called  for  a  volunteer  crew  for  the  ship's 
cutter,  and  went  to  the  rescue  of  his  shipmates.  He 
rescued  forty-five  officers  and  men  ;  the  execution  of  this 
necessitated  him  to  make  five  trips,  because  of  the  heavy 
gale  and  rough  sea  it  was  unsafe  to  bring  off  more  than 
nine  persons  at  any  one  trip  of  the  cutter. 

He  has  served  as  a  member  of  two  Nicaraguan  sur- 
veying expeditions ;  also  in  charge  of  the  Bellevue  mag- 
azine, and  had  instruction  at  the  Torpedo  Station.  He 
is  now  United  States  light-house  inspector,  Thirteenth 
District. 


34Q 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN    AND   BREVET    LIEUTENANT-COLONEL 
EDMUND    RICE,    U.S.A. 

Captain  and  Brevet  Lieutenant-Colonel  Edmund 
Rice  (Fifth  Infantry)  was  born  in  Cambridge,  Massachu- 
setts, December  2,  1842.  He  is  descended  from  Edmund 
Rice  (born  1594),  of  Berkhamstead,  County  of  Hertford- 
shire, England,  who  came  to  this  country  and  settled  in 
Sudbury,  Massachusetts,  in  1639.  Several  of  his  de- 
scendants were  engaged  in  Indian  and  French  colonial 
wars,  and  during  the  Revolution  many  of  their  children 
fought  at  Lexington,  Concord,  Bunker  Hill,  Bennington, 
Crown  Point,  and  in  other  battles  of  the  war.  Two  of 
his  ancestors,  Major  Nathan  Rice,  of  Sturbridge,  Massa- 
chusetts, and  Lieutenant  Oliver  Rice,  of  Sudbury,  Mas- 
sachusetts, were  original  members  of  the  Massachusetts 
Society  of  Cincinnati.  His  grandfather,  Edmund  Rice, 
was  an  officer  of  the  war  of  1  Si 2.  The  subject  of  this 
sketch  was  educated  at  Norwich  University,  Vermont, 
which  conferred  on  him  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Arts. 

His  first  active  service  was  in  driving  off  pirates  from 
the  ship  "  Snow-Squall"  while  it  was  becalmed  in  the 
China  Sea  in  1859.  From  his  knowledge  of  gunnery  he- 
was  given  charge  of  one  of  the  small  swivels  with  which 
the  ship  was  provided;  by  judiciously  charging  it  with 
lead  pipe  and  nails  the  attack  was  repulsed. 

At  the  age  of  nineteen  he  entered  the  volunteer  service 
as  captain  of  the  first  Fourteenth  Massachusetts  Infan- 
try April  27,  1 86 1,  and  remained  with  it  until  disbanded 
in  June  following.  He  immediate!}'  re-entered  as  captain 
of  the  Twentieth  Massachusetts,  and  was  captain  of  the 
Nineteenth  Massachusetts  Infantry  July  25,  1861,  rising 
in  the  grade  of  major  and  lieutenant-colonel  to  that  of 
colonel  of  the  same  regiment  in  Jul}-,  1864. 

Colonel  Rice  served  in  the  field  with  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Ball's  Bluff, 
Myron's    Mills,    siege   of  Yorktown,   West    Point,  Fair 


Oaks,  Oak  Grove,  Peach  Orchard,  Allen's  Farm,  Savage 
Station,  White  Oak  Swamp,  Glendale  (commanding  regi- 
ment), Malvern  Hill,  second  Malvern  Hill,  Bull  Run, 
Fairfax  Court-House,  South  Mountain,  and  Antictam, 
where  he  was  severely  wounded. 

He  rejoined  his  regiment  at  Falmouth,  and  engaged 
in  the  second  attack  on  Fredericksburg,  and  action  at 
Thoroughfare  Gap,  battle  of  Gettysburg  (wounded  twice), 
in  the  repulse  of  Pickett's  charge. 

On  this  occasion,  when  a  portion  of  Webb's  men  gave 
way  and  the  rebels  were  cxultingly  sweeping  through 
our  line,  he  had  the  honor  to  lead  the  counter-charge, 
which  resulted  in  their  overthrow.  In  the  hand-to-hand 
conflict  that  followed,  Colonel  Rice  was  twice  severely 
wounded  and  fell  inside  their  lines,  the  foremost  man  in 
the  Union  line  at  that  point.  A  large  number  of  those 
shot  on  both  sides  had  their  clothes  burned  by  the  dis- 
charge of  the  guns,  so  near  were  the  men  together. 

He  was  presented  by  Congress  with  a  medal  of  honor 
for  leading  the  advance  of  his  regiment,  and  the  Forty- 
second  New  York,  in  the  charge  made  to  repel  Pickett's 
assault.  "  The  Congress  to  Lieutenant-Colonel  Edmund 
Rice,  Nineteenth  Massachusetts  Volunteers,  for  conspicu- 
ous bravery  on  the  third  day  of  the  battle  of  Gettysburg." 

Colonel  Rice  commanded  his  regiment  in  the  Rapidan 
and  in  the  Richmond  campaigns,  and  was  engaged  in 
the  battles  of  Bristoe  Station,  Blackburn's  Ford,  Robin- 
son's Cross-Roads,  Mine  Run,  the  Wilderness,  Spottsyl- 
vania,  Laurel  Hill,  and  was  captured  in  the  assault  at  the 
death  angle,  Spottsylvania,  on  the  morning  of  the  1  2th 
of  May,  1864,  and  in  North  Carolina,  while  being  con- 
vex ed  South,  escaped  by  cutting  through  the  door  of  a 
freight  car  in  which  the  prisoners  were  confined,  and 
jumping  from  it  while  the  train  was  under  full  headway, 
reached  the  Union  lines  near  the  Ohio  River,  after  trav- 
elling twenty-three  nights  (resting  by  day),  having  walked 
between  three  and  four  hundred  miles. 

Colonel  Rice  rejoined  his  regiment  in  front  of  Peters- 
burg in  August,  1864,  and  participated  in  the  closing 
scenes  of  the  war,  being  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Second 
Deep  Bottom,  Weldon  Railroad,  Ream's  Station,  Second 
Hatcher's  Run,  and  present  at  the  surrender  of  Lee's 
army. 

On  the  28th  of  Jul}-,  1866,  Colonel  Rice  was  ap- 
pointed first  lieutenant  in  the  Fortieth  U.  S.  Infantry, 
and  was  brevetted  captain,  major,  and  lieutenant-colonel 
U.S.A.,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  action. 
He  was  assigned  to  the  Fifth  Infantry  in  1871,  and 
promoted  captain  March  10,  1SS3.  He  is  at  present 
commandant  of  the  Columbian  Guard,  World's  Col- 
umbian Exposition,  at  Chicago. 

Colonel  Rice  is  the  inventor  of  the  celebrated  "  stack- 
ing swivel  and  knife-intrenching  bayonet,"  of  which  ten 
thousand  were  ordered  by  the  government. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


34 1 


CHAPLAIN  I.  NEWTON  RITNER,  U.S.A. 

Chaplain  I.  Newton  Ritner,  son  of  George  A.  and 
Mary  T.  Ritner,  was  born  in  Chester  Count)',  Pennsyl- 
vania, February  22,  1841.  In  April,  1850,  he  removed 
to  Juniata  County,  where  outside  of  school  hours  and 
during  vacations  he  clerked  in  a  store  and  transacted  the 
business  of  various  offices  of  responsibility.  Before  he 
was  eighteen  years  old  he  taught,  with  signal  ability,  one 
of  the  largest  public  schools  in  that  count}-,  and  two 
years  later  became  associate  principal  of  a  select  acad- 
emy. 

While  thus  engaged  he  enlisted,  September  3,  1861, 
as  private  in  Company  I,  Forty-ninth  Pennsylvania  Vol- 
unteers, and  was  soon  afterwards  promoted  to  sergeant. 
He  passed  through  the  entire  Peninsula  campaign  with 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  to  which  his  regiment  be- 
longed, including  the  battle  of  Williamsburg,  the  siege 
of  Yorktown,  the  action  at  Golding's  Farm,  the  engage- 
ments at  White  Oak  Swamp,  and  Malvern  Hills,  and  the 
general  vicissitudes  of  the  "  Seven  Days'  retreat." 

While  at  Harrison's  Landing  he  was  prostrated  by  the 
prevailing  fever,  the  result  of  constant  exposure  in  the 
line  of  duty,  and  in  August,  1862,  was  ordered  to  his 
native  State  on  recruiting  service.  While  thus  engaged 
at  Lewistown  he  secured  an  unusually  large  number  of 
recruits,  and  was  commissioned  second  lieutenant  of 
Company  A.  Early  in  December  he  was  promoted  to 
first  lieutenant  and  ordered  to  Harrisburg,  to  superintend 
the  payment  of  bounty  to  volunteers  and  substitutes. 
Soon  after  this  he  was  made  adjutant  of  "  Camp  Curtin," 
and,  when  it  became  necessary  to  cut  off  all  communi- 
cation with  the  camp  on  account  of  the  ravages  of  the 
small-pox,  he  was  placed  in  command.  Under  his  per- 
sonal supervision  the  process  of  renovation  was  prose- 
cuted with  such  vigor  and  thoroughness,  that  within 
three  weeks  the  entire  camp  had  been  purified,  the 
disease  eradicated,  the  convalescents  transferred  to  iso- 
lated quarters,  and  the  quarantine  removed. 

On  January  27,  1863,  he  was  appointed  adjutant  Vol- 
unteer Recruiting  Service  for  the  State  of  Pennsylvania, 
and  filled  that  office  with  exceptional  efficiency  until 
November  27,  1863,  when,  because  of  the  depletion  and 
consolidation  of  his  regiment,  he  was  honorably  mus- 
tered out  as  a  supernumerary  officer.  In  recognition  of 
his  special  fidelity  he  was  commissioned  captain  by 
brevet  "  for  faithful  and  meritorious  services  during  the 
war." 

While  arranging  for  immediate  return  to  active  service 
in  the  field,  he  visited  his  parents  in  Philadelphia,  and 
while  there  was  persuaded  to  accept  the  appointment 
as  chief  clerk  of  recruiting  service,  which  had  been  prof- 
fered by  Major  C.  C.  Gilbert,  acting  assistant  provost- 
marshal  general,  Eastern  Division,  Pennsylvania.  He 
resigned  this  position  in  November,  1864,  and  accepted  a 


clerkship  under  Major  W.  B.  Lane,  chief  marshal  and 
division  officer,  under  whom  he  had  served  at  Harris- 
burg, and  was  placed  in  charge  of  the  disbursing  records 
of  that  office.  Having  completed  this  work  in  March, 
1  866,  he  resigned  and  settled  in  Philadelphia,  where  he 
engaged  as  a  book-keeper,  and  subsequently  as  the 
manager  of  a  large  sewing-machine  office,  the  business 
of  which  increased  sevenfold  under  his  administration. 
In  November,  1873,  in  compliance  with  an  intense  con- 
viction, he  withdrew  from  secular  pursuits,  and  on  the 
12th  of  the  succeeding  February  was  ordained  as  a 
gospel  minister  in  the  denomination  (Baptist)  to  which  he 
belonged.  At  the  time  of  this  change  he  was  offered, 
with  an  enticing  salary,  the  general  management  of  a 
prominent  manufacturing  establishment,  which  he  de- 
clined, and  ten  days  after  his  ordination  he  entered  upon 
the  pastorate  of  the  Eleventh  Baptist  Church,  where  he 
labored  for  nearly  eighteen  years  until  September  3, 
1 89 1,  when  he  started  for  Fort  Niagara,  New  York,  as 
an  army  chaplain,  having  been  appointed  to  that  office 
July  20.  After  seven  months'  temporary  service  at 
Niagara,  he  was  transferred  to  Fort  Keogh,  Montana, 
where  he  now  is,  having  arrived  there  April  1 1,  1892. 

While  in  civil  life  Chaplain  Ritner  was  frequently  hon- 
ored by  his  denomination,  having  in  1882  been  elected 
moderator  of  the  oldest  and  largest  (Philadelphia)  Bap- 
tist association  in  the  United  States,  of  which  body, 
also,  he  had  been  associate  clerk  for  thirteen  years.  For 
nearly  eighteen  years  he  was  secretary  of  the  "  Phila- 
delphia Conference  of  Baptist  Ministers  ;"  for  five  years 
secretary  of  the  "  American  Baptist  Historical  Society  ;" 
and  for  long  terms  served  as  a  member  of  the  board  of 
managers  of  four  of  the  leading  denominational  soci- 
eties ;  and  this,  in  addition  to  his  duties  as  chaplain  of 
George  G.  Meade  Post  1,  G.  A.  R.,  of  Philadelphia,  for 
the  nine  years  preceding  his  present  appointment. 


342 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY   AND  NAVY  (.recula 


R) 


CAPTAIN   HF.NRY   P.    RITZIUS,   U.S.A. 

Captain  Henry  P.  Ritzius  (Twenty-fifth  Infantry)  was 
born  in  Prussia  on  January  3,  1839.  Early  in  the  war  <>f 
the  Rebellion  he  entered  the  volunteer  service  as  private  of 
Company  A,  Fifth  New  York  State  Militia,  May  1,  1861, 
and  was  honorably  discharged,  after  serving  in  the  defences 
<  if  Washington,  August  7,  1861.  He  re-entered  the  vol- 
unteer service  as  first  sergeant  of  Company  G,  Fifty- 
second  New  York  Infantry,  September  17,  [86l,and  was 
discharged  June  30,  1862,  in  order  to  accept  the  appoint- 
ment of  second  lieutenant  in  the  same  regiment,  in  which 
he  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  August  23,  1862,  and 
captain  September  16,  1863.  lie  was  honorably  mustered 
( nit  August  2,  1 864,  but  was  appointed  major  of  the  Fifty- 
second  New  York   Infantry  December  8,  1864,  and  was 


promoted  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  same  regiment  in  May, 
1S65,  but  was  not  mustered  as  such,  owing  to  the  regi- 
ment being  reduced  below  the  number  of  men  required. 

He  served  in  the  field  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
in  the  Peninsula  campaign,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battles 
of  Fair  Oaks,  Peach  Orchard,  Savage  Station,  White  Oak 
Swamp,  and  Malvern  Hill,  Virginia;  in  the  Maryland 
campaign  and  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Antietam,  and  the 
march  of  the  army  back  to  the  Rappahannock  River;  in 
the  Rappahannock  campaign,  and  engaged  in  the  battles 
of  Fredericksburg  and  Chancellorsville,  Virginia  ;  in  the 
Pennsylvania  campaign,  and  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Get- 
tysburg, Pennsylvania;  in  the  operations  at  Mine  Run, 
Virginia;  in  the  Richmond  campaign,  and  engaged  in  the 
battles  of  the  Wilderness,  Po  River,  Spottsylvania,  North 
Anna,  Tolopotomy,  Cold  Harbor,  siege  of  Petersburg, 
action  of  Straw-berry  Plains,  and  battles  of  Deep  Bottom 
and  Ream's  Station,  Virginia. 

Captain  Ritzius  was  provost-marshal  of  the  First  Divi- 
sion of  the  Second  Corps  from  September,  1862,  to  March, 
1 863.  He  was  honorably  mustered  out  of  the  Pifty-second 
New  York  Jul}-  1,  1865,  and  was  appointed  first  lieuten- 
ant Seventh  U.  S.  Veteran  Infantry  (Hancock's  Corps) 
August  10,  1S65,  and  served  with  his  company  and  on 
court-martial  duty  at  Philadelphia,  Fort  Delaware,  and 
Harrisburg  to  April  30,  1866,  when  he  was  honorably 
mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service. 

On  October  23,  1867,  he  entered  the  regular  service  as 
second  lieutenant  of  the  Thirty-ninth  Infantry,  and  served 
in  Louisiana,  Texas,  Dakota,  ami  Montana.  On  the  con- 
solidation of  regiments,  Captain  Ritzius  was  transferred 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Infantry  April  20,  1869,  promoted 
first  lieutenant  March  3,  1875,  and  captain  September  1, 
1887.     His  present  station  is  at  Fort  Missoula,  Montana. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


343 


COLONEL  AND   BREVET  BRIGADIER-GENERAL 
JOSEPH   ROBERTS,    U.S.A.   (retired). 

Colonel  and  Brevet  Brigadier-General  Joseph 
Roberts  was  born  in  Delaware,  and  graduated  from 
the  Military  Academy  July  i,  1835.  Lie  was  promoted 
brevet  second  lieutenant  Fourth  Artillery  the  same  day, 
second  lieutenant  June  10,  1836,  first  lieutenant  July  7, 
1838,  and  captain  Fourth  Artillery  August  20,  184S. 
He  served  at  Fort  Hamilton  in  1835-36,  and  then  took 
part  in  the  operations  in  the  Creek  Nation  in  the  latter 
year.  He  participated  in  the  Florida  War  in  1836-37, 
being  captain  of  a  regiment  of  Mounted  Creek  Volun- 
teers September  1  to  November  13,  1836.  He  was  on 
duty  at  the  Military  Academy,  as  assistant  professor  of 
natural  and  experimental  philosophy,  from  September 
29,  1837,  to  September  1,  1839,  and  as  principal  assist- 
ant professor  of  the  same  branch  until  August  17, 
1849. 

He  afterwards  participated  in  the  Florida  hostilities 
against  the  Seminole  Indians,  and  was  in  garrison  at  Key 
Wist,  Florida,  until  1850;  at  Fort  Mifflin,  Pennsylvania, 
until  1853,  when  he  was  ordered  to  Ringgold  Barracks, 
Texas,  where  he  remained  until  1855.  He  was  then 
transferred  to  Fort  Wood,  New  York,  and  again  sent 
to  Ringgold  Barracks,  Texas,  in  1856,  but  was  shortly 
changed  to  stations  in  Florida,  serving  at  Forts  McRea, 
Jupiter,  and  Capron,  and  engaged  in  hostilities  against 
the  Seminole  Indians  until  1857.  His  field  of  duty  was 
changed  to  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  in  1857,  and 
he  served  at  Platte  Bridge,  Nebraska,  during  185S-59, 
after  which  he  was  detailed  on  recruiting  service  to 
recruit  a  company  for  the  Artillery  School. 

From  1859  to  j  86 1  Captain  Roberts  was  in  garrison 
at  Fort  Monroe,  Virginia  (Artillery  School  of  Practice), 
being  a  member  of  the  board  to  arrange  the  programme 
of  instruction  for  the  school. 

lie  served  during  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  from 
1861-65.  He  was  promoted  major  of  the  Fourth  Ar- 
tillery September  3,  1861,  and  was  in  command  of  Fort 
Monroe,  Virginia,  from  October  19,  1861,  to  September 
13,  1862;  then  was  chief  of  artillery  of  the  Seventh  Army 
Corps  to  March  19,  1863,  when  he  was  appointed  colo- 
nel of  the  Third  Pennsylvania  Heavy  Artillery,  and  pro- 


moted lieutenant-colonel  of  the   Fourth  U.  S.  Artillery 
August  1 1,  1863. 

Colonel  Roberts  was  in  command  of  Fort  Monroe 
from  June  10,  1863,  to  November  9,  1865,  and  at  the 
close  of  the  war  was  brevetted  colonel  March  13,  1865, 
and  brevet  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  April  9,  1865, 
for  faithful  and  meritorious  services  during  the  Rebellion. 
He  was  also  brevetted  brigadier-general  United  States 
Army  March  13,  1865,  for  faithful  and  distinguished 
services  during  the  Rebellion.  He  was  mustered  out  of 
the  volunteer  service  Nov.  9,  1865,  and  assigned  to  the 
command  of  Fort  McHenry,  Maryland,  continuing  there 
in  garrison  until  Nov.  16,  1866,  when  he  was  detailed  on 
court-martial  duty  at  Washington,  D.  C,  to  April  30,  1867. 

General  Roberts  performed  the  duties  of  acting  assist- 
ant inspector-general  of  the  Department  of  Washington 
from  May  1,  1867,  to  April  1,  1868.  He  was  then  as- 
signed as  superintendent  of  theoretical  instruction  at 
the  Artillery  School,  Fort  Monroe,  and  occupied  this 
position  until  February  14,  1877.  He  was  promoted 
colonel  of  the  Fourth  Artillery  January  10,  1877,  and 
retired  from  active  service  July  2,  1877,  being  at  the 
time  on  duty  at  the  Presidio  of  San  Francisco. 

General  Roberts  is  the  author  of  "  Hand-Book  of 
Artillery,"  1861. 


344 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NA  VY  (regular) 


MAJOR-GENhRAL  JOHN  C.  ROBINSON.  U.S.A. 
(retired). 

Major- General  John  C.  Robinson  was  born  in  New- 
York.  He  was  a  cadet  at  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy 
from  July  i,  1835,  to  March  14,1838.  He  was  appointed 
second  lieutenant  of  the  Fifth  Infantry  October  27,  1S39. 
He  served  at  Madison  Barracks,  New  York,  to  May, 
1840,  and  at  Green  Bay,  Wisconsin,  to  1841,  when  he 
was  en  route  to  Florida.  After  serving  at  Fort  Brady 
and  at  Mackinac,  Michigan,  until  1845,  he  joined  the 
Army  of  Occupation  of  Mexico,  and  was  at  Corpus 
Christi,  Texas,  to  September,  1845.  He  participated  in 
the  Mexican  war,  and  was  engaged  at  Palo  Alto,  Resaca 
de  la  Raima,  and  Monterey,  and  then  on  the  march  to 
and  occupation  of  the  City  of  Mexico  via  Saltillo,  Point 
Isabel,  and  Vera  Cruz.  He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant 
June  1 8,  1846.  While  in  Mexico,  Lieutenant  Robinson 
applied  for  the  appointment  of  assistant  quartermaster. 
His  application  was  indorsed  by  General  Worth  as 
follows : 

"  I  take  special  pleasure  in  cordially  recommending 
Lieutenant  Robinson  as  qualified  in  every  respect  In- 
habits, services  in  the  field,  experience  in  the  department, 
and  gallant  conduct  in  action,  for  the  appointment  he 
desires.  Indeed,  I  know  of  no  young  officer  with  higher 
claims  or  better  qualifications. 

"(Signed)     W.  S.  Worth, 
"  Brevet  Brigadier-General,  Commanding  Division" 

After  the  war  rinsed,  Lieutenant  Robinson  was  sta- 
tioned at  Fort  Smith,  Arkansas,  and  Fort  Gibson,  C.  N., 
in  1848-50,  at  which  time  he  was  promoted  captain. 
After  two  years'  recruiting  duty  he  was  commanding 
recruits  for  the  Seventh  Infantry,  en  route  from  Fort 
Columbus,  New  York,  via  Newport,  Kentucky,  to  Roil 
Arbuckle,  C.   N.,  in  the   fall    of  1852.      He  then    joined 


his  company  at  Phantom  Hill,  Texas,  and  was  engaged 
against  hostile  Indians  in  1853-54.  He  then  served  at 
various  stations  in  the  West  until  the  commencement  of 
the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  when  he  was  employed  on 
mustering  tint)-  until  September,  1861.  He  was  pro- 
moted major  of  the  Second  Infantry  February  20,  1862, 
and  appointed  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  April  28, 
1S62. 

General  Robinson  participated  in  the  campaigns  of 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  ami  was  engaged  in  the 
battles  of  Peach  Orchard,  Savage  Station,  Glendale, 
Malvern  Hill,  action  of  Bristoe  Station,  battles  of  second 
Bull  Run,  Chantilly,  and  Fredericksburg.  He  was  also 
at  the  battles  of  second  Fredericksburg,  Chancellors- 
ville,  and  Gettysburg,  operations  at  Mine  Run,  action  of 
Mitchell's  Station,  battles  of  the  Wilderness,  Spottsyl- 
vania,  and  Todd's  Tavern,  and,  while  leading  his  division, 
was  wounded  in  the  knee,  resulting  in  the  loss  of  his 
left  leg. 

At  the  battle  of  Glendale,  General  Robinson's  brigade- 
repulsed  repeated  attacks  of  a  superior  force.  The  fol- 
lowing is  an  extract  from  General  Kearney's  report : 

"  I  have  reserved  General  Robinson  for  the  last.  To 
him  this  day  is  due  above  all  others  in  this  division  the 
honors  of  this  battle.  The  attack  was  on  his  wing. 
Everywhere  present,  by  personal  supervision  and  noble 
example,  he  secured  to  us  the  honor  of  victory.  .  .  .  Our 
loss  has  been  severe,  and  when  it  is  remembered  that  this 
occurs  to  mere  skeletons  of  regiments,  there  is  but  one 
observation  to  be  made,  that  previous  military  history 
presents  no  such  parallel." 

Extract  from  a  letter  of  Major-General  G.  K.  Warren 
to  the  adjutant-general  U.  S.  Army,  dated  April  16,  1S66, 
relating  to  Spottsylvania  Court-House  : 

"  In  the  flank  movement  to  the  left,  begun  at  dark  of 
the  7th  of  May,  the  Fifth  Corps  again  had  the  lead,  with 
General  Robinson's  division  in  the  advance.  Delayed  as 
we  were  by  darkness  and  bad  roads,  crowded  with  troops, 
until  it  was  probable  the  enemy  had  anticipated  us  in 
reaching  the  desired  point,  yet  urged  by  the  importance 
of  time  to  our  success,  General  Robinson  marched  rapidly 
on,  driving  the  light  troops  of  the  enemy  before  him,  till 
charging  directly  the  desired  position,  himself  animating 
the  advance  by  leading  in  person,  he  fell  dangerously 
wounded,  and  his  command  was  repulsed  by  the  opposing 
infantry,  already  arrayed  in  strong  force." 

At  the  close  of  the  war  General  Robinson  was  bre- 
vetted  lieutenant-colonel,  colonel,  brigadier-general,  and 
major-general,  U.  S.  Army,  for  "  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  in  action." 

General  Robinson  served  in  North  Carolina,  1866,  and 
other  like  duties  in  1867-68,  ami  was  commanding  the 
Department  of  the  Lakes.  Retired  from  active  service, 
with  the  rank-  of  major-general.  May  6,  1869. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


345 


COMMANDER  C.  H.   ROCKWELL,  U.S.N. 

Commander  C.  II.  Rockwell  was  born  in  Chatham, 
Massachusetts,  April  29,  1840,  and  entered  the  naval 
service  as  acting  master  July  5,  1862.  Attached  to  the 
"  North  Carolina,"  and  then  ordered  to  the  steamer 
"  Penguin,"  East  Gulf  Squadron,  as  executive-officer.  In 
May,  1863,  ordered  to  the  U.  S.  schooner  "Wanderer." 
In  July  of  the  same  year  he  was  ordered  to  command  the 
U.  S.  schooner  "Two  Sisters."  During  the  time  he  held 
this  command  active  and  important  services  were  per- 
formed on  the  west  coast  of  Florida,  calling  forth  a  com- 
mendatory letter  from  the  commander-in-chief,  who 
recommended  Rockwell  for  promotion.  On  December 
16,  1863,  the  Navy  Department  promoted  him  to  acting 
volunteer  lieutenant,  "in  consideration  of  good  service," 
and  a  few  days  afterwards  Lieutenant  Rockwell  was  de- 
tached from  the  "Two  Sisters"  and  ordered  to  com- 
mand the  bark  "  Gem  of  the  Sea."  This  command  he 
retained  until  November,  [864,  when  he  was  ordered  to 
the  command  of  the  U.  S.  steamer  "  Hendrick  Hudson." 
While  in  this  command,  and  of  the  force  blockading  St. 
Mark's,  Florida,  he  organized  and  directed  an  expedition 
against  rebel  salt-works,  dispersing  the  armed  force  at 
the  entrance  of  the  river,  and  destroying  a  large  amount 
of  property.  This  called  forth  another  letter  of  commen- 
dation from  the  commander-in-chief.  On  February  22, 
1 865,  an  expedition  under  Brigadier-General  John  Newton 
was  organized  to  operate  about  St.  Mark's,  and  at  the 
request  of  General  Newton,  Lieutenant  Rockwell  was 
ordered  to  the  expedition  as  naval  aid  on  the  staff  of 
the  general,  being  placed  in  charge  of  the  transporta- 
tion of  the  troops.  The  forces  landed  at  St.  Mark's, 
and  had  an  engagement  at  Newport,  followed  by  a  bloody 
battle  at  Natural  Bridge,  eight  miles  below  Tallahassee. 
Upon  the  return  of  the  expedition,  Lieutenant  Rockwell 
received  a  letter  of  thanks  for  his  services  from  General 
Newton.  He  resumed  command  of  the  "Hendrick 
Hudson,"  and  on  March  27,  1865,  was  promoted  to  the 
grade  of  acting  volunteer  lieutenant-commander.  Re- 
mained in  command  until  August  8,  1865,  when  he  was 
granted  four  months'  leave  of  absence,  and  was  honor- 
ably discharged  from  the  naval  service  December  8,  1865. 
In  November,  1866,  Lieutenant-Commander  Rockwell 
was  examined  for  the  regular  service,  and  appointed 
acting  master  at  once.  He  served  for  nearly  a  year  on 
board  the  "  Osceola,"  in  the  West  Indies,  and  then  went 
to  Brazil  as  a  passenger  in  the  "  Idaho,"  joined  the  flag- 
ship "  Guerriere,"   and    served   in    her    until   her   return 


home  in  July,  1869.  In  1868  he  was  made  master,  and 
in  December  of  the  same  year  commissioned  as  lieuten- 
ant. After  a  short  service  in  the  receiving-ship  "  Van- 
dalia,"  at  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  he  was  ordered 
to  the  U.  S.  S,  "  Palos,"  and  proceeded  in  her  to  China, 
commanding  her  until  October,  1872,  when  he  returned 
to  the  United  States  in  the  "  Alaska."  During  his  com- 
mand of  the  "  Palos"  participated  in  the  actions  with  the 
Corean  forts,  in  Admiral  John  Rodgers'.s  expedition. 
From  March,  1873,  to  September,  1874,  he  was  on  duty 
at  the  Portsmouth  Navy-Yard;  then  served  some  months 
on  the  "  Plymouth"  and  "  Colorado,"  and  in  June,  1875, 
became  light-house  inspector  of  the  Fourteenth  District. 
On  June  1,  1  S76,  was  ordered  as  executive-officer  of  the 
U.  S.  S.  "  Adams."  On  February  26,  1878,  was  promoted 
to  lieutenant-commander,  and  served  at  the  Torpedo 
School.  In  May,  1878,  joined  the  "Jamestown"  as  ex- 
ecutive, and  served  in  Alaska  in  that  ship  until  Septem- 
ber, [88l.  Then  he  was  on  duty  at  the  Boston  Navy- 
Yard  until  October,  1882.  In  1 883  attached  to  the  re- 
ceiving-ship "  Franklin,"  at  Norfolk,  Virginia.     In  Sept., 

1584,  took  a  large  draft  of  men  to  the  Isthmus  for  the 
Pacific  Squadron.     Was  at  the  Torpedo  School  again  in 

1585,  and  at  the  War  College.  From  April,  [886,  to  Oct., 
1SS8,  served  on  the  training-ship  "Minnesota,"  at  New 
York.  On  Oct.  31,  1888,  was  promoted  to  commander, 
and  in  Feb.,  1889,  took  command  of  U.  S.  S.  "  Yantic." 

Commander  Rockwell  is  at  present  in  command  of 
the  receiving-ship  "St.  Louis,"  at  the  navy-yard,  League 
Island,  Pennsylvania. 


44 


54^ 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


COLONEL  AND    BREVET  BRIGADIER-GENERAL  THE- 
OPHILUS  FRANCIS  RODENBOUGH.  U.S.A. 
(retired). 
Colonel    and    Brevet    Brigadier -General   Tiie- 
ophilus    Francis    Rodenbough   was   born   at    Easton, 
Pennsylvania,    November    5,    1838.      He    attended    pri- 
vate schools,  had  special   tutors,  and  took   a  course  of 
mathematics  and  English  literature  at  Lafayette  College 

(I856-57). 

Upon  the  outbreak  of  the  war  for  the  Union,  Presi- 
dent Lincoln  appointed  him  (March  27,  1861)  a  sec- 
ond lieutenant  in  the  Second  U.  S.  Dragoons.  Heserved 
(1861-62)  as  post  adjutant  and  quartermaster U. S. Cavalry 
School  of  Practice,  Carlisle,  Pennsylvania,  and  with  his 
regiment  in  all  the  campaigns  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
(1862-64). 

lie  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  in  1861,  and  captain 
Jul}-  17,  1802;  he  was  slightly  wounded  and  had  two 
horses  shot  under  him  at  Beverly  Ford,  Virginia,  June 
9,  1863,  the  great  cavalry  fight  in  which  nearly  twenty 
thousand  Union  and  Confederate  cavalry  crossed  sabres. 
He  commanded  his  regiment  at  Gettysburg,  having  two 
horses  killed  during  the  campaign  ;  was  severely  wounded 
at  Trevilian  Station,  Virginia,  June  11,  1864,  and,  while 
in  command  of  his  regiment,  lost  his  right  arm  and  had 
his  horse  killed  at  the  battle  of  the  (  Ipequan,  Virginia, 
September  19,  1864;  after  which  General  Sheridan  made 
the  following  recommendation:  "I  have  the  honor  to 
request  the  promotion  of  the  following-named  officers: 
Captain  T.  F.  Rodenbough,  Second  U.S.  Cavalry,  to  the 
rank'  of  brevet  brigadier-general  for  gallant  and  meritori- 
ous conduct  at  Trevilian  Station,  June  n,  1864,  at  which 
engagement  he  was  wounded  while  charging  at  the  head 
of  his  regiment.  At  the  battle  of  Opequan  he  was  again 
wounded  (losing  his  arm)  while  charging  at  the  head  of 
his  regiment.     He  is  a  gallant  and  meritorious  young 


officer,  and  would    do    honor   to    the    grade    asked  for 
him." 

Upon  the  recommendation  of  General  Sheridan,  he  was 
granted  leave  of  absence  from  the  regular  army  to  accept 
the  colonelcy  of  the  Eighteenth  Pennsylvania  Cavalry, 
and  in  July,  1865,  by  direction  of  the  President,  was  spe- 
cially assigned,  with  the  rank  of  brigadier-general,  to  com- 
mand a  brigade  (consisting  of  regulars  and  volunteers) 
and  the  District  of  Clarksburg,  West  Virginia.  He  was 
honorably  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service  October 
31,  1865.  He  served  during  the  winter  of  1865  as  in- 
spector-general "  U.  S.  forces  in  Kansas  and  the  Terri- 
tories," with  head-quarters  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  and, 
later,  with  the  Second  Cavalry  at  Fort  Ellsworth, 
Kansas. 

Upon  the  reorganization  of  the  army  he  was  appointed 
major  (July  28,  1866)  of  the  Forty-second  U.  S.  Infantry, 
commanding  it  and  the  posts  of  Plattsburg  and  Madison 
Barrack's,  New  York-,  1866-69  ;  and  also  serving  on  vari- 
ous boards:  for  the  selection  of  a  magazine-gun,  the  ex- 
amination of  officers,  and  the  investigation  of  the  case  of 
the  first  colored  cadet  at  West  Point. 

He  received  brevets  to  the  rank  of  brigadier-general 
U.  S.  Army,  "for  gallant  and  meritorious  services"  at 
the  battles,  respectively,  of  Trevilian  Station,  Opequan, 
Todd's  Tavern,  and  Cold  Harbor,  Virginia,  and  was,  at 
his  own  request,  retired  from  active  service,  December 
15,  1870,  "with  full  rank  (colonel  of  cavalry)  of  the  com- 
mand held  when  wounded." 

In  recommending  this  officer  for  his  highest  brevet, 
General  Sheridan  wr<  >te  to  the  War  Department  as  follows  : 
"  Colonel  Rodenbough  was  one  of  the  most  gallant  and 
valuable  young  officers  under  1113-  command  in  the  Cav- 
alry Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac.  He  was  constantly 
in  the  field  with  his  regiment,  the  Second  U.  S.  Cavalry 
(a  portion  of  the  time  in  command  of  it),  from  the  spring 
of  1S62  up  to  the  time  of  his  being  wounded,  while 
gallantly  leading  his  regiment  at  the  battle  of  Opequan, 
September   [9,  1S64." 

After  retirement,  General  Rodenbough  was  deputy 
governor  of  the  U.  S.  Soldiers'  Home,  Washington,  I).  C, 
1 870—7 1  ;  general  eastern  agent  of  the  Pullman  Car  Com- 
pany, 1872-73  ;  associate  editor  Army  and  Navy  Journal, 
1876-77;  corresponding  secretary,  Society  of  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac,  1878;  secretary  and  editor  of  the  Journal 
(1878-90)  and  vice-president  (1891-93)  Military  Service 
Institution  of  the  United  States;  chief  of  the  Bureau  of 
Elections,  city  of  New  York',  1S92;  author  of  several 
essays,  sketches, and  the  following  books:  "  Prom  Ever- 
glade to  Canon  with  the  Second  Dragoons,"  1875  ;  "Af- 
ghanistan, or  the  Anglo-Russian  Dispute,"  1882;  "Uncle 
Sam's  Medal  of  Honor,"  [887;  "  The  Bravest  Five  Hun- 
dred of  'Sixty-one,"  1891 ;  and  "Autumn  Leaves  from 
Family  Trees,"  1891. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


347 


REAR-ADMIRAL  C.  R.  P.  RODGERS,  U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Rear-Admiral  C.  R.  P.  Rodgers  was  born  November 
14,  iS  [9,  in  Brooklyn,  New  York.  Appointed  midship- 
man from  Connecticut  October  5,  1S33;  attached  to 
frigate  "  Brandywine"  and  sloop  "  Vincenncs,"  Pacific 
Station.  [834-36;  navy-yard,  New  York,  1837;  sloop 
"  Fairfield"  and  brig  "  Dolphin,"  Brazil  Squadron,  1837- 
39.  Promoted  to  passed  midshipman  Jul)'  8,  1839; 
schooner  "Flirt,"  coast  of  Florida,  1839-40;  and  in 
command  of  schooner  "  Phoenix,"  [841-42,  being  actively 
employed  in  the  Seminole  War  during  those  three  years. 
Sloop  "Saratoga,"  coast  of  the  United  States,  [842-43. 
Commissioned  as  lieutenant  September  4,  1844;  served 
in  Mediterranean  Squadron  in  frigate  "  Cumberland," 
1843-45,  arR'  >n  store-ship  "Lexington,"  [845;  Coast 
Survey,  1846;  frigate  "  Potomac"  and  sloop  "Albany," 
blockading  Mexican  coast,  1847;  present  and  in  the 
trenches  at  the  reduction  of  Vera  Cruz,  and  at  the  cap- 
ture of  Tuspan  and  Tabasco;  Coast  Survey,  1848-49; 
frigate  "Congress,"  Brazil  Squadron,  1850-51;  frigate 
"Constitution,"  coast  of  Africa,  1852-55  ;  Coast  Survey, 
commanding  steamer  "  Bibb"  ami  schooner  "  Gallatin," 
1856-57  ;  steam-frigate  "  Wabash,"  Mediterranean  Squad- 
ron, 1858-59;  commandant  of  midshipmen  at  Naval 
Academy,  1860-61.  Commissioned  as  commander  Oc- 
tober 15,  1861;  served  in  steam-frigate  "Wabash"  as 
captain  and  fleet-captain,  1861-63,  commanding  that  ship 
at  the  battle  of  Port  Royal,  November,  1861,  and  the 
naval  force  in  the  trenches  at  the  reduction  of  Fort 
Pulaski,  January  27,  1862.  While  in  the  "Wabash," 
much  employed  on  detached  service,  in  command  of  a 
division  of  gun-boats,  in  retaking  the  coast  and  inlets  of 
Georgia  and  Florida,  and  South  Carolina  south  of  Port 
Royal ;  fleet-captain  in  the  "  New  Ironsides,"  in  the  attack 
on  Charleston,  April  7,  1863.  Rear-Admiral  Dupont,  in 
his  official  report  of  that  engagement,  says :  "  On  this,  as 


on  all  other  occasions,  I  had  invaluable  assistance  from 
the  fleet-captain,  C.  R.  P.  Rodgers,  who  was  with  me  in 
the  pilot-house  directing  the  movements  of  the  squadron. 
For  now  over  eighteen  months  in  this  war  this  officer  has 
been  afloat  with  me,  and  in  my  opinion  no  language  could 
overstate  his  services  to  his  country,  to  this  fleet,  and  to 
myself  as  its  commander-in-chief."  Commanded  steam- 
sloop  "  Iroquois,"  1863-65,  on  special  service.  Commis- 
sioned as  captain  July  25,  1866;  navy-yard,  Norfolk, 
[865-67;  commanded  steam-frigate  "Franklin,"  Medi- 
terranean Squadron,  1868-70.  Commissioned  as  com- 
modore August  28,  1870;  special  service  in  Europe,  1871  ; 
chief  of  Bureau  of  Yards  and  Docks,  October,  [871-74. 
Commissioned  as  rear-admiral  June  14,  [874;  superin- 
tendent Naval  Academy,  1874-78;  commanding  Pacific 
Squadron,  1878-80;  superintendent  Naval  Academy, 
1881.      Retired  1881.     Died  1892. 

In  1884  Rear-Admiral   Raymond  Rodgers  was  presi- 
dent of  the  International  Meridian  Conference. 


348 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NA  VY  (regular) 


COMMANDER  GEORGE  W.   RODGERS,   U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Commander  George  Washington  Rodgers,  a  brother 
of  C.  R.  P.  Rodgers,  was  bom  in  Brooklyn,  New  York, 
October  30,  1S22,  and  died  off  Charleston  harbor,  South 
Carolina,  August  17,  1863.  Entered  the  navy  as  mid- 
shipman April  30,  1836.  In  Jul}-,  1842,  he  became 
passed  midshipman,  and  during  the  Mexican  War  served 
in  the  steamer  "  Colonel  Harney,"  and'  the  sloop-of-war 
"  John  Adams,"  participating  in  the  operations  at  Vera 
Cruz,  Tuspan,  Alvarado,  and  other  points  on  the  coast  of 
the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  which  were  captured  by  our  forces. 
During  much  of  the  time  he  served  as  acting  master. 

After  being  attached  to  the  Coast  Survey  in  1849  and 
1850,  he  was  commissioned  lieutenant  in  June  of  the 
latter  year.     Made  a  cruise  in  the  "Germantown"  on  the 


home  station,  and  in  the  "  Falmouth,"  on  the  coast  of 
Brazil. 

When  the  Civil  War  occurred  he  was  stationed  at  the 
Naval  Academy  at  Annapolis,  and  was  chiefly  instru- 
mental in  saving  the  frigate  "  Constitution"  from  a  threat- 
ened attack  of  the  rebels  at  Annapolis.  He  afterwards 
took  the  ship  to  Newport,  at  which  place  the  Naval 
Academy  remained  during  the  war. 

In  January,  1862,  he  was  commissioned  commander, 
and  in  October  was  ordered  to  the  command  of  the 
monitor  "  Catskill,"  in  which  he  took  part  in  many  of 
the  attacks  upon  the  defences  of  Charleston.  On  April 
7,  in  the  "  Catskill,"  he  took  her  almost  under  the  walls 
of  "Sumter."  Rear-Admiral  Dahlgren  appointed  Rodg- 
ers chief  of  staff  in  Jul}-,  1863,  principally  on  account  of 
the  cool  and  deliberate  manner  in  which  he  fought  his 
vessel  on  all  occasions  ;  but  lie  did  not  relinquish  com- 
mand of  the  "  Catskill." 

During  the  attack  on  Fort  Wagner,  August  17,  1863, 
he  took  command  of  the  vessel  as  usual,  and,  while  in 
action,  was  instantly  killed  by  a  shot  that  struck  the  top 
of  the  conning-house,  and  broke  it  in,  scattering  frag- 
ments in  all  directions. 

It  was  of  Commander  Rodgers  that  Miles  O'Reilly 
wrote  one  of  his  most  admired  stanzas: 


Ah,  me  !   1  reorge  Rodgers  lies 
With  dim  and  dreamless  eyes  ; 
He  has  airly  won  the  prize 
<  u  the  sthriped  and  starry  shroud." 


He  was  noted  as  an  excellent  executive  officer  and 
navigator,  and  generally  beloved  for  his  amiable  disposi- 
tion and  his  devotion  to  duty. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


349 


REAR-ADMIRAL  JOHN  RODGERS,  U.S.N,  (deceased). 

Rear-Admiral  John  Rodgers's  record  is  so  extensive 
that  we  fear  we  shall  have  to  condense  it  very  materially. 
He  was  born  in  Maryland,  and  appointed  midshipman 
from  the  District  of  Columbia  in  March,  1828.  Served 
in  the  Mediterranean  ;  passed  at  the  Naval  School  at 
Norfolk,  1834.  Served  on  the  Brazilian  Station,  and  on 
special  service.  Commissioned  as  lieutenant  January, 
1840.  Served  in  the  Home  Squadron,  special  service, 
Mediterranean,  and  Coast  Survey  up  to  1852.  He  com- 
manded the  steamer  "John  Hancock"  on  the  surveying 
and  exploring  expedition  to  the  North  Pacific  and  the 
China  Sea,  in  the  years  1853-56.  During  this  cruise  he 
was  made  commander.  Upon  his  return  he  was  on 
special  duty.  In  1X61  Commander  Rodgers  was  ordered 
to  special  duty  in  superintending  the  construction  of  the 
"  Benton"  class  of  iron-clads,  for  the  Western  waters.  In 
1862  he  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  iron-clad 
"Galena,"  and  in  May  left  Hampton  Roads  with  a 
squadron  of  gun-boats,  and  went  up  the  James  River. 
After  silencing  two  rebel  batteries,  the  fleet  reached  Fort 
Darling,  a  casemated  battery  on  the  crest  of  a  hill,  which, 
with  vessels  sunk  in  front,  obstructed  the  channel.  On 
May  15  Rodgers  took  the  "  Galena"  within  five  hundred 
yards  of  the  fort,  and  anchored  there.  Two  wooden 
gun-boats  were  some  hundred  yards  below.  For  four 
hours  the  fight  went  on,  when,  having  expended  all 
ammunition,  the  vessels  retired.  The  "  Monitor"  of  the 
squadron  could  not  sufficiently  elevate  her  guns,  while 
the  rifle-gun  of  the  "  Naugatuck,"  or  "  Stevens  Batter}-," 
burst  at  the  first  fire.  Their  crews  did  service  as  sharp- 
shooters. The  so-called  armor  of  the  "  Galena"  proved 
of  no  service.  She  was  hit  one  hundred  and  twenty- 
nine  times,  and  lost  in  killed  and  wounded  two-thirds  of 
her  crew.  Rodgers  was  commissioned  captain  July  16, 
1862.  Commanded  the  monitor  "  Weehawken"  in  1863, 
and  sailed  from  New  York  in  that  vessel  for  the  South 
Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron.  On  the  passage  south, 
and  while  off  the  Delaware,  he  encountered  a  heavy 
gale.  lie  was  urged  to  run  in  to  the  Breakwater  and 
remain  until  the  storm  was  over.  This  he  declined, 
saying  that  he  wished  to  test  the  sea-going  qualities  of 
the  monitors.  The  "  Weehawken"  rode  out  the  gale,  and 
reached  Port  Royal  in  safety.  On  June  17,  1863,  Cap- 
tain Rodgers,  in  the  "  Weehawken,"  encountered  the  very 
powerful  rebel  iron-clad  "Atlanta,"  of  much  greater  ton- 
nage than  the  "  Weehawken."  The  "  Atlanta"  came 
down  Wassaw  Sound,  and  so  confident  of  victory  were  the 
Confederates,  that  she  was  accompanied  from  Savannah 
to  the  scene  of  conflict  by  boats  freighted  with  gay 
parties,   eager  to   witness  the  triumph  of  their    vessel. 


Only  five  shots  were  fired  by  the  "  Weehawken."  In  fif- 
teen minutes  the  "  Atlanta"  surrendered,  overwhelmed 
by  the  fifteen-inch  guns  of  the  "  Weehawken."  This 
action  settled  the  question  as  to  their  use.  Captain 
Rodgers  was  made  commodore  June  17,  1863,  the  date 
of  this  action.  In  1864-65  he  commanded  the  iron-clad 
"Dictator,"  on  special  service.  In  1866-67  he  com- 
manded the  monitor  "  Monadnock,"  which  he  took 
around  to  the  Pacific.  He  reached  Valparaiso  in  time 
to  witness  the  bombardment  of  that  city  by  the  Spanish 
fleet.  From  San  Francisco,  when  he  left  the  "  Monad- 
nock," he  came  home  overland  before  the  completion  of 
the  railroad.  He  was  then  ordered  to  the  command  of 
the  Boston  Navy- Yard,  where  he  remained  three  years. 
He  was  commissioned  as  rear-admiral  on  December  31, 
1869,  and  commanded  the  Asiatic  Squadron  1870-72. 
He  then  commanded  the  Mare  Island  Navy- Yard  from 
1873  to  1877  ;  and  was  superintendent  of  the  Naval  Ob- 
servatory from  1S77  to  1SS2,  in  which  latter  year,  in 
May,  he  died  at  Washington. 

Lieutenant  Rodgers  performed  a  remarkable  piece  of 
work  in  the  surveying  expedition  of  1853  to  1856.  The 
"  fohn  Hancock"  was  a  small  steam-vessel,  built  upon, 
with  light  upper  works,  to  enable  her  to  contain  in  some 
fashion  the  material  and  personnel  of  the  expedition. 
When  she  sailed  from  Boston,  there  were  grave  doubts 
expressed  by  experienced  seamen  as  to  whether  she 
would  ever  reach  her  destination.  Yet  in  this  craft,  by 
dint  of  sheer  pluck  and  perseverance,  he  accomplished 
some  of  the  most  valuable  exploratory  and  hydrographic 
work  ever  done. 

Dignified,  but  unassuming  in  deportment,  he  always 
obtained  the  regard  and  respect  of  all  with  whom  he 
came  in  contact. 


>So 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  {regular) 


PAYMASTER    ROBERT  BURTON  RODNEY,  U.S  N. 
(retired). 

Paymaster  Robert  Burton  Rodney's  ancestors 
numbered  among  them  a  signer  of  the   Declaration  of 

Independence,  and  senators  and  representatives,  and 
attorneys-general  of  the  United  States,  with  governors 
of  Delaware.  lie  is  of  the  same  family  as  Lord  Rodney, 
whose  naval  exploits  are  known  to  readers  of  history. 

Paymaster  Rodney  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  where 
his  parents  were  temporarily  residing,  on  October  11, 
1840.  He  was  appointed  acting  paymaster  from  Dela- 
ware October  26,  1862  ;  served  on  board  the  ordnance- 
ship  "  Dale"  at  Key  West  during  1S62-63  ;  attached  to 
the  blockader  "  Chambers,"  of  the  East  Gulf  Squadron, 


[863-64;  attached  to  the  supply  steamer  "Massachu- 
setts," 1864-65,  and  the  double-ender  "  Conemaugh"  in 
1865-66. 

In  1867  he  was  ordered  to  Annapolis,  and  served  on 
board  the  training-frigates  "  Constitution"  and  "  Santee." 
During  the  years  1868-69  he  was  attached  to  the  store- 
ship  "  Cyane,"  King  in  Panama  Bay.  He  then  served 
on  board  the  iron-clad  "  Terror,"  in  the  Cuban  waters, 
during  1870  ami  a  part  of  1871. 

During  the  latter  year  he  was  placed  upon  the  retired 
list  on  account  of  broken  health,  dating  back  to  his  ser- 
vice in  the  "  Chambers"  in  1864.  This  vessel  had  a  not- 
ably bad  experience.  While  moored  off  Indian  River, 
Florida,  in  August  and  September,  almost  all  the  ship's 
company,  numbering  eighty  persons,  were  stricken  with 
yellow  fever  of  the  worst  type  at  about  the  same  time. 
No  such  mortality  had  been  e\  er  known  in  any  ship  of  the 
navy.  About  one-fourth  of  the  men  and  one-half  of  the 
1  ifficers  died,  including  the  commanding  officer.  The  only 
medical  officer  became  violently  deranged,  and  had  to  be 
confined.  Paymaster  Rodney's  clerk  and  steward  being 
both  dead,  he  had  to  issue  provisions  and  clothing,  serve 
as  watch-officer,  chaplain,  and  nurse.  He  was  the  last 
one  to  be  affected,  nearly  dying  from  the  malady  at  the 
Lazaretto,  below  Philadelphia,  to  which  the  vessel  had 
by  that  time  been  brought. 

In  Jul\-,  1866,  Paymaster  Rodney  was  commissioned 
in  the  regular  service  as  passed  assistant  paymaster,  and 
was  promoted  to  paymaster,  with  the  relative  rank  of 
lieutenant-commander,  June  30,  1869,  and  with  this  rank- 
he  was  retired. 

Paymaster  Rodney  is  the  author  of  "  Alboin  and 
Rosamond,"  and  several  lesser  poems. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


3Si 


REAR-ADMIRAL    F.  A.   ROE,    U.S.N,    (retired). 

Rear-Admiral  F.  A.  Roe  is  a  native  of  New  York, 
and  after  appointment  as  midshipman,  in  1841,  served 
in  the  Brazil  and  West  African  Squadrons  ;  was  in  the 
"  Boston"  when  she  was  wrecked  on  Eleuthera  ;  then 
attached  to  the  "Allegheny"  until  ordered  to  Naval 
School  in  1847;  passed  midshipman  from  August,  1847; 
dismissed  by  sentence  of  court-martial  for  disobeying 
an  illegal  order,  October,  1849;  reappointed  to  original 
rank  and  place  in  navy  list,  September,  1850  ;  served  two 
years  in  the  mail-steamer  "  Georgia,"  which  employed 
naval  officers;  next  in  Behring  Sea  and  the  Pacific  Ex- 
ploring Expedition, — a  most  valuable  and  interesting 
service,  including  a  battle  with  heavily-armed  Chinese 
pirates.  In  the  Arctic,  and  along  north  coast  of  Siberia, 
the  Kurile  Islands,  Japan,  etc.  Promoted  master  Octo- 
ber, 1855,  and  lieutenant  in  September,  1855  ;  Coast  Sur- 
vey ;  a  cruise  in  the  Mediterranean  ;  ordnance  duty,  New 
York,  until  July,  1 861,  when  he  applied  for  service  afloat; 
was  ordered  to  the  "  Pensacola,"  but  temporarily  sent, 
at  the  time  of  "  Bull  Run,"  to  occupy  Fort  Ellsworth, 
Virginia,  with  five  hundred  seamen  ;  occupied  the  fort 
until  General  McClellan  moved.  He  then,  having  re- 
turned to  the  "  Pensacola"  as  first  lieutenant,  made  the 
memorable  passage,  in  that  ship,  down  the  Potomac, 
past  nine  miles  of  batteries.  The  "  Pensacola"  led  the 
starboard  column  of  Farragut's  fleet  past  the  forts  be- 
low New  Orleans,  and  past  the  Chalmette  batteries. 
Lieutenant  Roe  was  especially  commended,  and  recom- 
mended for  promotion  for  these  services  ;  ordered  to  com- 
mand the  "  Katahdin,"  August  5,  1862,  and  the  same 
day  fought  the  battle  of  Baton  Rouge,  against  Brecken- 
ridge.  He  had  been  promoted  to  the  new  grade  of 
lieutenant-commander  from  August,  1862;  detached  and 
ordered  North  on  account  of  ill  health,  February,  1863. 
During  his  service  in  the  Mississippi  in  man)'  engage- 
ments;  September  4,  1863,  commanding  "  Sassacus,"  on 
Wilmington  blockade,  when  he  destroyed  two  English 
blockade-runners.  Then  went  into  the  North  Carolina 
Sounds  until  July,  1864,  when  he  was  sent  North  as  an 
invalid. 

During  his  service  in  the  Sounds  he  was  engaged  with 
the  rebel  ram  "  Albemarle,"  and  the  "  Bombshell."  The 
attack  was  by  broadside  of  shot  at  close  quarters,  and 
by  ramming.  The  ram  was  disabled  and  retreated  in 
bad  condition.  The  "  Bombshell"  surrendered  to  the 
"  Sassacus,"  and  was  taken  possession  of.  Roc  received 
the  thanks  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy,  and  an  ad- 
vancement of  "  five  numbers  in  his  grade  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  conduct  before  the  enemy."  He  next  com- 
manded the  "  Michigan,"  on  the  Lakes.  Suppressed 
insurrection    of   miners    at    Marquette    and    Houghton, 


and  caused  a  privateer  to  be  captured  by  the  English 
authorities  at  Collingwood,  Canada;  ordered  to  "  Mada- 
waska." 

Commander,  Jul)',  1866;  ordered  to  "  Tacony,"  and 
commanded  Gulf  Division  of  Palmer's  squadron  at  Vera 
Cruz  ;  was  in  this  command  at  the  time  of  the  exe- 
cution of  Maximilian,  the  evacuation  by  the  French, 
and  the  establishment  of  a  republic  under  Juarez.  Roe 
took  the  famous  Santa  Anna  out  of  an  American 
steamer,  and  sent  him  out  of  Mexico.  His  services  in 
Vera  Cruz  at  this  juncture  were  very  many  and  great, 
but  space  forbids  more  than  to  say  that  he  received  the 
surrender  of  the  city  and  of  San  Juan  d'Ulloa  from 
Gomez,  who  refused  to  surrender  to  Juarez;  preserved 
order  and  established  provisional  government.  (  )ur 
President  thanked  and  congratulated  him  for  his  many 
services  at  this  critical  period.  His  next  service  was 
as  fleet-captain,  Asiatic  Fleet,  under  Admiral  Rowan, 
where  he  served  three  years.  Captain,  April  1,  1872; 
Naval  Rendezvous  at  San  Francisco ;  captain  of  the 
yard,  Boston,  to  June,  1873  ;  then  in  command  of  "  Lan- 
caster," as  chief  of  staff,  also  on  a  cruise  on  the  coast 
of  Brazil  ;  at  the  Naval  Station,  New  London ;  member 
of  Board  of  Examiners  at  the  Naval  Academy  in  April, 
1879;  served  as  president  of  a  board  to  revise  the  allow- 
ance books  of  the  Bureaus  of  the  Navy  Department ; 
received  letters  of  commendation  from  Department,  and 
from  Admiral  Le  Roy ;  torpedo  station,  as  president  of 
the  Board  of  Examiners,  1S83;  governor  of  the  U.  S. 
Naval  Asylum,  Philadelphia,  October,  1883;  commis- 
sioned a  rear-admiral  in  the  navy,  October,  1885;  de- 
tached from  the  command  of  the  Naval  Asylum,  and 
transferred  to  the  retired  list,  under  the  operation  of  the 
law,  having  reached  sixty-two  years  of  age. 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN   WILLIAM    PENNOCK    ROGERS,    U.S.A. 

Captain  William  Pennock  Rogers  (Seventeenth  In- 
fantry) was  born  in  Maryland  September  [6,  [842.  He 
entered  the  volunteer  service  early  in  the  war  of  the  Re- 
bellion as  corporal  of  Company  II,  of  the  Seventh  Mary- 
land Infantry,  August  21,  1862,  and  served  with  his  regi- 
ment in  the  operations  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  from 
that  time  to  1S65.  lie  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of 
Sharpsburg,  Maryland,  July,  1863  ;  Haymarket,  Virginia, 
October,  1863;  the  Wilderness,  Virginia,  and  Spottsyl- 
vania,  Virginia,  1864,  in  which  he  was  wounded  and  lost 
his  left  arm.  He  was  discharged  from  the  volunteer  ser- 
vice May  4.  1865,  and  was  appointed  in  the  regular  service, 
second  lieutenant  Forty-fourth  Infantry,  July  28,  1X66. 

He  was  at  Fort  Greble,  Maryland,  from  December, 
1  8<  >6,  to  ( )ctober,  1867,  guarding  public  property  ;  then  at 
Washington  City  until  1869,  when  he  was  transferred  to 
the  Seventeenth  Infantry,  lie  served  on  reconstruction 
dutyat  Lynchburg,  Richmond, and  Raleigh  until  March, 
1870,  when  he  joined  his  regiment  in  Dakota,  serving  at 
Cheyenne  Agency  and  Fort  Rice  to  October,  [873.    He 


participated  with  an  expedition  to  and  up  the  valley  of 
the  Yellowstone  River,  Montana,  guarding  engineers  of 
the  Northern  Pacific  Railroad,  from  July  to  October, 
1872;  and  again  in  the  following  year  on  the  same  duty 
from  June  23  to  September  27.  He  was  engaged  in  an 
affair  with  a  band  of  Sioux  Indians,  under  Chief  "Gall," 
on  Heart  River,  Dakota,  October  3,  1872,  and  was  pro- 
moted first  lieutenant  (incidentally)  the  same  day. 

Lieutenant  Rogers  was  stationed  at  Fort  Abercrombie, 
Dakota,  from  October  10,  1873,  to  August  15,  1876,  when 
he  was  ordered  to  Standing  Rock  Indian  Agency  (Fort 
Yates),  and  was  engaged  with  forces  disarming  and  dis- 
mounting Sioux  Indians.  He  changed  station  to  Fort 
Totten, Dakota, November  1 1,  1878,  and  returned  to  Fort 
Yates  May  24,  1871),  and  served  at  that  post  and  at  Fort 
Abraham  Lincoln,  Dakota,  to  July,  1886,  when  his  regi- 
ment was  ordered  to  the  Department  of  the  Platte,  and 
he  took  station  at  Fort  D.  A.  Russell.  1  le  was  promoted 
captain  December  23,  1XS4. 

Captain  Rogers  was  detailed  on  recruiting  service  from 
October  1,  1888,  to  (  Ictober  1.  [890,  at  Baltimore,  Mary- 
land, York,  Pennsylvania,  and  Hagerstown,  Man  land. 
I  le  rejoined  his  regiment  at  Fort  D.  A.  Russell,  Wyoming, 
I  Ictober  15,  1890,  and  was  in  command  of  his  company, 
with  the  regiment,  forming  part  of  General  Miles's  forces 
in  the  Sioux  Indian  campaign,  through  the  bad  lands  of 
Dakota  to  Pine  Ridge  Agency,  during  the  winter  of  1890- 
91,  until  the  surrender  of  the  hostile  Indians,  returning  to 
Fort   Russell  at  the  close  of  the  campaign. 

Captain  Rogers  has  occupied  numerous  staff" positions. 
In  addition  to  the  ordinary  post-staff,  he  was  acting  as- 
sistant adjutant-general  of  the  Middle  District,  Depart- 
ment of  Dakota,  from  June,  1877,  to  February,  1878,  and 
from  Jul_v  28,  1879,  to  August  12  of  the  same  year.  He 
was  adjutant  of  the  battalion  of  the  Seventeenth  Infantry 
in  the  field  on  the  Yellowstone  expedition  in  1872;  adju- 
tant, quartermaster,  and  commissary  in  the  expedition  of 

1873,  and  adjutant  of  the  Seventeenth  Infantry  from  July, 

1874,  to  December  23,   I  8S4. 


WHO  SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


353 


CAPTAIN   HENRY   ROMEYN,   U.S.A. 

Captain  Henry  Romeyn  (Fifth  Infantry)  was  bum  in 
New  York  June  i,  1833.  His  first  military  service  began 
at  the  breaking  out  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  and  was 
in  the  grades  of  private,  corporal,  and  sergeant  of  Com- 
pany G,  One  Hundred  and  Fifth  Illinois  Volunteers, 
serving  in  the  field  to  November  15,  1S63,  at  which 
time  he  was  appointed  a  captain  of  the  Fourteenth  U.  S. 
Colored  Infantry. 

He  served  as  chief  of  scouts  at  Gallatin,  Tennes  1 
from  January  to  June,  1863,  and  then  was  occupied  in 
recruiting  the  Forty-second  and  Forty-fourth  U.  S. 
Colored  Troops  until  April,  1864,  after  which  he  was 
detailed  as  provost-marshal  at  Knoxville,  Tennessee-, 
which  position  he  occupied  to  December,  1865. 

He  was  brevetted  major  of  volunteers  for  "gallant  and 
meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of  Nashville  ;"  was  hon- 
orably mustered  out  of  \  olunteer  service  March  26,  [866. 

During  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  Captain  Romeyn  was 
engaged  at  the  action  of  Frankfort,  Kentucky;  engaged 
at  the  action  of  Dalton  ;  defence  of  Decatur;  action  of 
Shoal  Creek,  Alabama  ;  battle  of  Nashville,  and  action  of 
Decatur,  Alabama. 

Captain  Romeyn  entered  the  regular  service  as  first 
lieutenant  of  the  Thirty-seventh  Infantry  January  22, 
1867,  and  subsequently  assigned  to  the  Fifth  Infantry 
August  14,  1869.  Upon  his  entrance  into  the  regular 
army  he  was  brevetted  a  captain  for  "  gallant  and  meri- 
torious services  at  the  battle  of  Nashville,  Tennessee." 
He  joined  his  regiment  and  was  with  it  on  frontier  duty 
at  Fort  Larned,  Kansas,  May  to  September,  1807;  Fort 
Garland,  Colorado  Territory,  October,  1867,  to  Novem- 
ber, 1868;  Fort  Union,  New  Mexico,  and  Cimarron 
Agency,  New  Mexico,  November,  [868,  to  April,  [869; 
at  Fort  Wallace,  Kansas,  September,  1869,  to  October, 
1871.  He  was  then  ordered  in  field  against  hostile 
Indians,  where  he  remained  from  August  to  November, 
1874;  at  Fort  Gibson,  May,  1875, to  June,  1S76;  in  field, 
Sioux  campaign,  Montana  Territory,  Jul}'  to  November, 
1876;  also  May,  July,  and  August,  1877;  cantonment, 
Tongue  River(Fort  Keogh),  June  and  Jul)',  1877;  escort 
duty,  September,  1877;  in  campaign  against  Nez  Perces, 
September,  1877.  He  was  then  granted  a  sick-leave  on 
account  of  wound  to  March,  1878;  on  leave  (surgical 
certificate)  to  April,  1882  ;  at  Fort  Keogh,  Montana  Ter- 
ritory, April  to  October,  1882;  at  Fort  Brown,  Texas, 
December,  1882,  to  November,  1883;  at  Fort  Keogh, 
Montana,  from  February,  1884,  to  June,  188S;  at  Fort 
Ringgold,  Texas,  from  June,  188S,  to  May,  [89]  ;  Mount 
Vernon  Barracks,  Alabama,  from  that  date  to  present  time. 
He  was  promoted  to  a  captaincy  in  the  Fifth  Infantry  July 
10,  1885.  He  filled  the  position  of  post  adjutant,  acting 
assistant  quartermaster,  and  assistant  commissar)' of  sub- 
sistence at  Fort  Larned,  Kansas,  May  to  September,  1876; 
45 


post  adjutant,  acting  assistant  quartermaster, and  assistant 
commissary  of  subsistence  at  Fort  Wallace,  Kansas,  Sep- 
tember, [869,  to  October,  1S71  ;  post  adjutant,  acting 
assistant  quartermaster,  and  assistant  commissary  of  sub- 
sistence, post  Southeast  Kansas  (Fort  Scott,  Kansas),  to 
May,  [873;  acting  assistant  quartermaster  and  assistant 
commissary  of  subsistence,  Fort  Gibson,  Indian  Terri- 
tory, May,  1873,  to  Jul)-,  [S74;  post  adjutant,  cantonment 
Tongue  River,  June  and  Jul)-,  1877.  Captain  Romeyn  par- 
ticipated in  action  against  Cheycnncs,  Cheyenne  Agency, 
Indian  Territory,  April  6,  1875  ;  in  action  with  Nez  Perces 
Indians  September  30,  1877,  and  was  shot  through  the 
lungs,  the  wound  thought  at  the  time  to  be  mortal. 

He  was  then  detailed  as  professor  of  military  science 
and  tactics  at  Hampton  Institute,  Virginia,  from  March, 
1.^78,  to  November,  I  88  1.  Joining  his  regiment  at  Fort 
Keogh,  Montana,  he  remained  until  September,  1882, 
when  he  was  ordered  to  Fort  Brown,  Texas,  where  he 
remained  to  December,  1883;  then  rejoining  at  Fort 
Keogh,  accompanied  his  regiment  to  Texas  in  1S8S. 

The  first  of  the  name  of  Romeyn  in  this  country  ( 1 661) 
had  been  an  officer  in  the  army  of  Prince  Maurice,  of 
Holland,  and  in  the  Brazils. 

One  of  Captain  Romeyn's  great-grandfathers,  John 
Moore,  of  New  York,  was  a  member  of  the  first  Provin- 
cial Congress  of  that  colony,  and  of  the  "Council  of 
Safety"  of  Tryon  County.  His  maternal  great-grand- 
father, Captain  Henry  Shoemaker,  of  Pennsylvania,  was 
a  prisoner  on  board  the  old  hulks  in  New  York  harbor, 
from  which  he  escaped  in  irons  by  dropping  from  a  port 
and  floating  out  with  the  tide  at  night.  His  paternal 
grandfather  served  against  the  Indians  in  the  Mohawk 
Valley  on  different  occasions.  Several  of  the  name 
served  during  the  War  of  1S12,  and  one  was  killed  at 
the  storming  of  the  gates  of  the  City  of  Mexico,  while 
thirty-seven  participated  in  the  war  of  the  Rebellion. 


354 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY   AXD   NAVY  (regular) 


VICE-ADMIRAL  STEPHEN  CLEGG  ROWAN,  U.S.N. 
(deceased). 
Vice-Admiral  Stephen  Clegg  Rowan  was  born  in 
Ireland,  on  Christmas-day,  1808.  While  still  an  infant  his 
parents  came  to  America,  he  being  left  behind  on  account 
of  an  accident.  A  few  years  later,  while  still  a  child,  he  i 
joined  his  parents  in  Ohio,  and  was  sent  to  <  ixford  Col-  J 
lege,  (  >hio.  He  was  appointed  a  midshipman  February 
21,  1826,  and  was  attached  to  the  sloop-of-war  "  Vin- 
cennes"  during  her  cruise  round  the  world, — the  first  of 
our  navy  to  do  so.  She  was  absent  nearly  four  years. 
Promoted  to  passed  midshipman  in  April,  1832,  he  served 
in  several  vessels  of  the  West  Indian  Squadron  for  the 
next  four  years;  in  several  boat  expeditions  on  theWith- 
lacoochee  during  the  Florida  War,  and  at  Charlotte  Har- 
bor, with  a  boat's  crew  of  twelve  men,  he  attacked  and 
captured  an  Indian  village  for  the  purpose  of  rescuing 
a  collector  believed  to  be  in  their  hands.  When  a 
South  Polar  Expedition  was  arranged,  he  volunteered 
for  that  service  in  1836;  but,  as  the  scheme  came  to 
naught,  he  was  detached  in  December,  1837.  He  had 
been  made  lieutenant  March  8,  1S37.  For  three  years 
after  that  he  served  in  the  Coast  Survey,  under  Gedney. 
But,  with  great  regret,  he  went  on  a  cruise  again,  "be- 
cause he  thought  it  due  to  himself  and  the  service" 
to  give  up  home  and  emoluments  for  "improvement  in 
my  profession."  Pie  was  ordered  to  the  "  Delaware," 
74,  which  ship  went  to  Brazil  and  to  the  Mediterranean. 
1  le  afterwards  served  in  the"  Cyane,"  on  California  coast, 
taking  part  in  five  engagements  during  the  Mexican 
War.  In  one  of  these  he  was  wounded.  I  le  always  took 
great  pleasure  in  telling  how  he  built  a  stockaded  fort  at 
Monterey  by  the  assistance  of  the  "  Cyane's"  crew.  He 
has  published  in  the  "  Proceedings  of  the  Naval  Institute" 
some  reminiscences  of  those-  time's.  Commanded  "  Re- 
lief" and  commissioned  commander  in  September,  1855. 


On  receiving-ship  and  ordnance  duty  at  New  York  when, 
in  January,  1861,  "believing  war  inevitable,"  he  applied 
for  duty.  Assigned  to  the  command  of  the  "  Pawnee," 
he  had  the  first  naval  engagement  of  the  war  with  a  bat- 
tery at  Acquia  Creek,  and  was  struck  nine  times.  Com- 
manded the  same  ship  at  the  battle  of  Hatteras  Inlet. 

In  October,  1S61,  ordered  to  the  "  Brooklyn,"  but  soon 
after  ordered  to  command  a  flotilla  in  the  Sounds  of  North 
Carolina,  and  received  the  thanks  of  Congress  "  for  dis- 
tinguished service  in  the  waters  of  North  Carolina,  and 
particularly  in  the  capture  of  New  Berne." 

In  Jul}',  1862,  he  was  made  captain  and  ordered  to  the 
"  Powhatan,"  but  was  detached  from  her  in  the  following 
September.  In  December,  1862,  he  was  ordered  to  the 
command  of  the  monitor  "  Roanoke"  (the  frigate  of  that 
name,  cut  down,  with  three  turrets),  which  vessel  was 
fitting  out  at  the  Brooklyn  Navy-Yard.  In  June,  1863, 
Captain  Rowan  was  ordered  to  command  the  iron-clad 
"  New  Ironsides,"  in  which  ship  he  participated  in  the 
capture  of  Morris  Island.  He  was  engaged  with  Forts 
Wagner  and  Gregg,  and  other  forts  in  Charleston  harbor, 
seventeen  times.  To  rescue  the  "  Weehawken,"  which 
was  aground,  he  engaged  Fort  Moultrie,  September  8, 
1S63,  and  silenced  that  work,  after  three  hours,  and  then 
withdrew  for  want  of  ammunition.  In  this  fight  the 
"  New  Ironsides"  was  hit  seventy  times.  On  October  1  5, 
1 863,  this  ship  was  attacked  by  a  torpedo-boat,  but,  ow  ing 
to  the  place  where  the  torpedo  exploded,  less  damage  was 
di  me  than  might  have  been  expected.  Captain  Rowan  was 
made  commodore  in  July,  1863,  and  in  October  detached 
from  the  "  Ironsides."  In  May,  1864,  he  was  presented 
with  a  handsome  sword  by  the  United  States  Sanitary 
Commission. 

Promoted  to  rear-admiral,  by  selection,  in  Jul)',  1866, 
he  hoisted  his  flag  on  board  the  "  Madawaska,"  then 
on  her  trial  trip.  In  command  of  Norfolk  Navy-Yard 
from  August,  1866,  to  July,  1867.  Commanded  the 
Asiatic  Squadron  from  1867  to  1870.  Was  promoted  to 
vice-admiral  August  15,  1870,  and  first  learned  of  it  when 
he  anchored  in  New  York,  on  his  return.  In  1871  he 
commanded  the  fleet  which  received  the  Grand  Duke 
Alexis,  of  Russia.  I  le  was  commandant  of  the  Brooklyn 
Navy- Yard  from  May,  1S72,  to  August,  1877;  presi- 
dent of  the  Retiring  and  Examining  Boards  for  three 
years;  governor  of  the  Naval  Asylum  at  Philadelphia 
lor  about  a  year;  was  superintendent  of  the  Naval 
Observatory,  and  then  appointed  chairman  of  the  Light- 
Plouse  Board. 

He  retired  voluntarily  in  February,  1889.  By  special 
Act  of  Congress  he  was  permitted  to  retire,  on  his  own 
application,  with  full  pay  of  his  grade.  He  died  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C,  March  31,  1890,  in  the  eighty-second  year 
of  his  age,  having  served  sixty-four  years  in  the  navy. 
Pie  was  buried  at  Oak  Hill,  District  of  Columbia. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


355 


COLONEL  WM.   A.   RUCKER,  U.S.A. 

Colonel  Wm.  A.  Rucker  (Pay  Department)  was  born 
January  17,  1X31,  on  Grosse  Isle,  Wayne  County,  Michi- 
gan. He  was  educated  at  an  academy  at  Romeo  and  at 
select  schools  at  Ypsilanti  and  Grosse  Isle.  In  August, 
1S53,  he  went  to  New  Mexico,  arriving  at  Fort  Union 
October  13  of  the  same  year,  and  remained  in  that  coun- 
try until  February,  1859,  when  ne  returned  to  Detroit, 
entered  into  business,  and  was  so  engaged  until  Septem- 
ber [6,  1862,  when  he  was  appointed  captain  and  com- 
missary of  subsistence  of  volunteers  and  stationed  in 
Washington ;  and  on  November  26,  same  year,  was 
appointed  additional  paymaster,  U.  S.  Army,  serving  as 
such  in  Washington,  in  the  paymaster-general's  office 
and  in  the  field,  making  payments  to  the  Arm)-  of  the 
Potomac,  in  Virginia.  In  December,  1863,  he  was  or- 
dered to  Hilton  Head,  South  Carolina,  and  took  station 
there,  and  was  employed  in  making  payments  to  the 
troops  on  Folly  and  Morris  Islands,  and  at  Jacksonville, 
Fernandina,  and  St.  Augustine,  Florida. 

In  August,  1864,  he  was  ordered  to  New  York  for 
funds,  and  waited  there  until  about  October  1 ,  when  seven 
hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars  was  placed  to  his 
credit  with  the  assistant  treasurer  there,  which  he  had 
just  time  to  get  before  the  sailing  of  the  steamer  "  Fid- 
ton"  for  South  Carolina.  The  money  was  counted  and 
put  into  two  portable  safes,  and  deposited  in  the  steamer's 
mail-room.  On  arriving  at  Hilton  Head  he  was  ordered 
to  make  payments  on  one  of  the  islands,  and  when  nearly 
completed,  received  orders  to  report  himself  at  Wash- 
ington, D.  C,  which  he  did  after  having  finished  his  pay- 
ments in  the  South.  On  November  1  was  again  assigned 
to  paying  troops  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  in 
the  Shenandoah  Valley.  He  was  ordered  to  Louisville, 
Kentucky,  and  thence  to  Tennessee,  and  paid  troops  at 
and  near  Chattanooga  and  Knoxvillc  on  two  occasions. 
On  March  13,  1865,  he  was  brevetted  lieutenant-colonel 
of  volunteers  for  faithful  and  meritorious  services  during 
the  war,  and  on  April  16,  1866,  received  the  appointment 
of  major  and  paymaster  U.  S.  Army,  and  was  ordered  in 
July  of  same  year  to  New  Mexico,  with  station  at  Santa 
Fe,  and  to  take  five  hundred  thousand  dollars  with  him 
to  pay  off  California  and  New  Mexican  volunteers,  which 
he  did,  making  the  journey  from  Fort  Leavenworth  to 
Santa  Fe  in  wagons,  with  an  escort  of  about  twenty  sol- 
diers, through  a  country  infested  with  hostile  Indians. 
He  arrived  there  September  23.  His  duties  in  that 
country  required  him  to  make  long  and  fatiguing  jour- 
neys as  far  south  as  Fort  Quitman,  Texas,  and  west  to 
near  the  Arizona  line,  in  a  country  then  full  of  blood- 
thirsty Indians.  Colonel  Rucker  was  ordered  to  change 
stations  and  report  at  Washington  in  May,  1868,  and,  in 
July  of  that  year,  was  changed  to  St.  Louis,  Missouri, 
where  he  served  until  March,  1S73,  and  was  then  ordered 


to  Portland,  Oregon.  During  his  service  there  he  visited 
Alaska  five  times,  paying  troops  stationed  there.  In 
June,  1876,  he  was  ordered  to  San  Francisco,  California, 
and  on  leaving  Portland,  Oregon,  received  from  Major- 
General  O.  O.  Howard  an  order  from  which  this  extract 
is  taken  :  "  It  is  no  passing  formal  compliment  to  express, 
as  the  department  commander  now  does,  his  sincere  regret 
at  losing  the  services  of  Major  Rucker,  who  has  not  only 
given  him  entire  satisfaction  in  the  faithful  performance 
of  his  laborious  and  responsible  duty  as  paymaster,  but 
has  clone  it  in  a  manner  to  give  eminent  satisfaction  to 
this  command."  He  remained  in  the  Department  of  Cali- 
fornia, stationed  at  San  Francisco,  making  payments  to 
troops  stationed  from  Camp  Gaston  to  San  Diego  and  the 
interior  posts  until  April,  1878,  when  he  was  ordered  to 
Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  and  was  assigned  the  pay- 
ment of  several  posts  in  Western  Kansas,  Colorado,  In- 
dian Territory,  and  New  Mexico,  and  remained  on  that 
duty  until  August,  1880,  when  he  was  transferred  to  St. 
Paul  as  chief  paymaster  of  the  Department  of  Dakota. 
After  serving  there  and  at  Fort  Snelling  nearly  five  years, 
he  was  ordered  in  July,  1885,  back  to  Fort  Leavenworth 
as  chief  paymaster  of  the  Department  of  the  Missouri, 
where  he  served  to  May,  1 S90,  when  the  head-quarters 
of  the  department  were  moved  to  St.  Louis.  In  July, 
1 89 1,  head-quarters  having  been  abolished  at  St.  Louis, 
he  was  directed  to  take  station  at  Chicago,  Illinois. 

Major  Rucker  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel  and 
deputy  paymaster-general  October  I,  18S2;  and  colonel 
and  assistant  paymaster-general  Dec.  30,  1888.  Colonel 
Rucker  is  the  son  of  John  Anthony  Rucker,  one  of  the 
first  settlers  of  Michigan  ;  his  mother  was  Sarah  Macomb, 
and  came  from  one  of  the  representative  military  families 
of  the  United  States.  In  181 2  Colonel  Rucker's  father 
was  a  partner  of  Decatur,  the  firm  being  Rucker,  Bullis 
&  Decatur,  manufacturing  powder  for  the  government. 


356 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NA  VY  (regular) 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL  THOMAS   H.  RUGER.    U.S.A. 
Brigadier-General  Thomas  H.  Ruger  was  born  in 

New  York,  and  graduated  from  the  U.  S.  Military  Acad- 
emy July  I.  1854,  when  he  was  appointed  brevet  second 
lieutenant  Corps  of  Engineers.  He  served  at  New  Or- 
leans, La.,  in  1854-55,  allc'  resigned  from  the  service 
April  1,  1S55. 

In  civil  life  he  was  counsellor-at-Iaw  at  Janesville,  Wis- 
consin,from  1856  to  1861,  when  he  again  entered  the  ser- 
vice as  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Third  Wisconsin  Volun- 
teers, serving  in  command  of  his  regiment  in  operations 
in  Maryland  and  the  Shenandoah  Valley  from  July,  1861, 
to  August,  1862,  in  the  mean  time  having  been  promoted 
colonel  of  his  regiment,  to  date  from  August  20,  1861. 

Colonel  Ruger  was  engaged  in  the  movement  to  Har- 
risonburg, Virginia,  February,  1862;  combat  of  Win- 
chester, May  25,  1862;  retreat  to  Williamsport,  Md., 
May,  [862,  and  advance  to  Little  Washington,  Va.,  July, 
1S62;  in  the  Northern  Virginia  campaign,  being  en- 
gaged in  the  battle  of  Cedar  Mountain,  August  9,  1862; 
in  the  Maryland  campaign  (Army  of  the  Potomac),  being 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  Antietam,  and  subsequent  march 
to  Falmouth,  Va. 

He  was  appointed  brigadier-general  U.  S.  Volunteers 
November  29,  1 862,  and  commanded  a  brigade  in  the 
Twelfth  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  in  the  Rappahan- 
110,  k  campaign,  being  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Chancel- 
lorsville,  May  2-4,  1863;  in  the  Pennsylvania  campaign, 
being  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Gettysburg  (where  he 
commanded  a  division),  July  1-3,  1863,  and  subsequent 
march  to  Warrenton,  Va.  lie  participated  in  suppressing 
the  draft-riots  in  New  York  City,  August  to  September, 
1863,  and  when  that  trouble  ceased  was  on  duty  in  Ten- 
nessee, October,  1863  to  April,  1S64.  He  was  then  as- 
signed to  the  command  of  a  brigade  of  the  Twentieth 
Corps  in  the  invasion  of  Georgia,  being  engaged  in  the 


battles  of  Resaca,  May  15,  1864,  and  New  Hope  Church, 
May  25,  1864;  action  of  Kulp  House,  June  22,  1864; 
combat  of  Peach-Tree  Creek,  July  20,  1864,  and  in  nu- 
merous skirmishes  on  the  march  from  May  to  July,  1  864  ; 
siege  of  Atlanta,  July  22  to  September  2,  1864,  and  occu- 
pation of  Atlanta,  September  2  to  November  8,  1864. 
He  commanded  a  division  of  the  Twenty-third  Corps  in 
the  Tennessee  campaign  against  the  rebel  army  of  Gen- 
eral Hood,  November  15  to  December  8,  1864,  being  en- 
gaged in  operations  about  Columbia  and  battle  of  Frank- 
lin, Tennessee,  November  30,  [864. 

He  then  organized  the  First  Division  of  the  Twenty- 
third  Corps,  and  was  in  command  of  his  division  in  the 
operations  in  North  Carolina,  being  engaged  in  the  move- 
ment up  the  Neuse  River,  February  to  March,  1865; 
action  at  Wier's  Fork,  near  Kinston,  March  10,  1865  ;  sur- 
render of  the  insurgent  army  under  General  J.  E.  John- 
ston at  Darien  Station,  April  26,  1S65,  and  in  command 
of  the  Department  and  District  of  North  Carolina,  June 
27,  1865,  to  September  I,  1866,  when  he  was  mustered 
out  of  the  volunteer  service,  having  been  reappointed  in 
the  U.  S.  Army,  with  the  rank  of  colonel  of  the  Thirty- 
third  Infantry,  July  28,  1  866. 

General  Ruger  was  brevetted  major-general  U.  S.  Vol- 
unteers November  30,  1864,  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  at  the  battle  of  Franklin,  and  brevet  brigadier- 
general  U.  S.  Army,  March  2,  1867,  for  gallant  and  meri- 
torious services  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg.  While  in 
command  of  his  regiment  at  .Atlanta,  he  was  made  pro- 
visional governor  of  the  State  of  Georgia  from  January 
[3  to  July  4,  1868,  and  was  in  command  of  the  District 
of  Alabama  to  February  1,  1869.  He  was  transferred 
to  the  Eighteenth  Infantry  March  15,  1S69. 

General  Ruger  commanded  the  Department  of  the 
South  from  March  5  to  May  31,  1869,  and  after  serv- 
ing with  his  regiment  until  September  I,  1N71,  was 
detailed  as  superintendent  of  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy, 
where  he  remained  until  September  1,  1876;  he  was  then 
placed  in  command  of  the  Department  of  the  South  to 
Jul\-  1,  187S.  lie  commanded  Fort  Assinniboine,  to- 
gether with  the  District  of  Montana,  to  October  1,  1870. 
and  then  commanded  the  District  of  Montana  to  May 
13,  1885.  He  commanded  his  regiment  and  the  post  of 
Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  and  the  Infantry  and  Cavalry 
School  of  Application  from  June  ;g,  1885,  to  April  8, 
1886,  when  he  was  appointed  brigadier-general  LT.  S. 
Arm)-  March  19,  1886,  and  assigned  to  the  command 
of  the  Department  of  the  Missouri,  remaining  to  May  4, 
1886,  and  then  transferred  to  the  Department  of  Dakota, 
which  command  he  retained  until  April,  i8<ji,whcn  he  was 
transferred  to  the  command  of  the  Military  Division  of 
the  Pacific.  The  military  divisions  being  discontinued  in 
July,  [891, General  Ruger  was  assigned  to  the  command 
of  the  Department  of  California,  which  he  now   retains. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


357 


COLONEL    AND    BREVET    BRIGADIER-GENERAL 

GEORGE   D.    RUGGLES,    U.S.A. 
Colonel  and  Brevet  Brigadier-General  George 

D.  Ruggles  (Adjutant-General's  Department)  was  born 
at  Newburgh,  New  York,  September  n,  1833,  and 
graduated  from  Military  Academy,  June,  1855.  Appointed 
brevet  second  lieutenant  First  Infantry  July  1,  1855. 
Promoted  second  lieutenant  Second  Infantry  the  same  day. 
Lie  served  in  the  Sioux  Indian  country  ;  at  Fort  Ridgelj  , 
Minnesota,  1S55  ami  1856;  with  column  marching  from 
Fort  Ridgely  to  Fort  Randall,  Dakota,  1856;  at  Fort 
Randall,  Dakota,  1856  and  1857;  adjutant  Second  In- 
fantry September  10,  1857,  to  July  1,  186]  ;  at  Fort 
Ridgely,  Minnesota,  1857  and  1858.  At  St.  Louis, 
Missouri,  1858,  as  acting  adjutant-general,  Department 
of  the  West.  In  Sioux  Indian  country  at  Fort  Randall, 
Dakota,  1859;  in  the  Chippewa  Indian  country  at  Fort 
Ripley,  Minnesota,  1859;  at  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  1859 
and  1800;  Jefferson  Barracks,  Missouri,  i860;  in  the 
Sioux  Indian  country  at  Fort  Kearney,  Nebraska,  i860 
and  1 86 1  ;  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  1861.  He  was 
promoted  first  lieutenant  May  2,  1861.  He  served  dur- 
ing the  rebellion  of  the  seceding  States  from  1861  to  1866; 
acting  assistant  adjutant-general,  Miles's  brigade,  Latter- 
son's  army,  three  months'  service,  June,  1861  ;  in  garri- 
son, Washington,  D.  C,  June  20  to  Jul}-  1,  1861  ;  ap- 
pointed assistant  adjutant-general  (brevet  captain)  July  1, 
1861 ;  on  special  duty,  Adjutant-General's  Office,  in  War 
Department,  in  charge  of  organization  of  volunteer  army, 
July  1,  1861,  to  June  28,  1S62;  captain,  assistant  adjutant- 
general,  August  3,  1 86 1  ;  colonel,  additional  aide  de- 
camp, June  28,  1862,  to  May  31,  1866;  major,  assistant 
adjutant-general,  permanent  establishment,  Jul)'  17,  1862  ; 
chief  of  staff,  and  adjutant-general,  Arm}-  of  Virginia, 
commanded  by  Major-General  John  Lope,  June  28  to 
September  6,  1862,  being  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Cedar 
Mountain,  August  9,  1862;  in  retreat  from  the  Rapi- 
dan  ;  the  two  days'  fight  on  the  Rappahannock,  August 
22  and  23,  1862;  the  battle  of  Waterloo  Bridge,  Au- 
gust 23,  1862;  and  battles  of  Gainesville  and  Grove- 
ton  (second  Bull  Run),  August  29  and  30,  1862;  and 
battle  of  Chanlilly,  September  I,  1862;  as  assistant 
chief  of  staff,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  commanded  by 
Major-General  George  B.  McClellan,  in  the  Maryland 
campaign,  September  7  to  November  10,  1862;  being 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  South  Mountain,  September  14, 
1862  ;  battle  of  Antietam,  September  17,  1862;  skirmish 
at  Snicker's  Gap,  November  2,  1862;  on  special  duty, 
immediately  under  the  orders  of  Hon.  E.  M.  Stanton, 
Secretary  of  War,  in  his  office,  December  27,  1862,  to 
March  19,  1863  ;  as  first  assistant  to  the  provost-marshal- 
general,  War  Department,  Conscription  Bureau,  March 
19,  1863,  to  August  16,  1864;  on  inspection  duty  August 
16,  1864,  to  January,    1865;  as  adjutant-general   of  the 


Army  of  the  Potomac,  commanded  by  Major-General 
George  G.  Meade,  February  I  to  June  30,  1865;  being 
engaged  in  the  affair  at  Hatcher's  Run,  February  5  to  7, 
1865  ;  assault  and  capture  of  Petersburg,  Virginia,  March 
29  to  April  3,  1865  ;  and  campaign  in  pursuit  of  the  Con- 
federate Army,  terminating  in  General  Lee's  capitulation 
at  Appomattox  Court-House,  April  9,  1865.  He  was 
brevetted  lieutenant-colonel  March  13,  1865,  "for  gal- 
lant and  meritorious  services  during  the  Rebellion." 
Colonel,  March  13,  1865,  "for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  (luring  the  Rebellion."  Brigadier-general  U.  S. 
Army,  March  13,  1865,  "for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  during  the  campaign,  terminating  with  the  sur- 
render of  the  insurgent  Army  of  Northern  Virginia." 
Brevet  brigadier-general  U.  S.  Volunteers,  April  9,  1865, 
"for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  during  the  opera- 
tions resulting  in  the  fall  of  Richmond,  Virginia,  and  the 
surrender  of  the  insurgent  army  under  General  R.  L.  Lee." 
General  Ruggles  was  adjutant-general  of  the  Military 
Div.  of  the  Atlantic,  July  1,  1865,  to  Feb.  9,  1866;  of 
the  Dep.  of  the  East,  to  Aug.  11,  1866;  of  the  Dcp.  of 
the  Lakes,  to  Jan.  15,  1868;  of  the  Dep.  of  the  Fast, 
Feb.  14  to  June  1,  1868  ;  of  the  Dep.  of  the  Platte,  June 
30,  1868,  to  Jan.  1,  1876  ;  of  the  Dep.  of  Dakota,  to  Sept. 
23,  1880.  Promoted  lieutenant-colonel,  assistant  adju- 
tant-general, June  15,  18S0;  and  on  duty  in  the  Adju- 
tant-General's Office,  War  Department,  October,  1880, 
to  [tine  1885  ;  as  adjutant-general  of  the  Dep.  of  Texas, 
to  Oct.  1,  18SS;  with  leave,  to  Jan.  9,  18S9;  en  route 
to  California,  to  Jan.  18,  1889;  adjutant-general,  Div. 
of  Pacific  and  Dep.  of  California,  Jan.  19,  1889,  to 
Oct.  I,  1890;  as  adjutant-general  of  the  Div.  of  At- 
lantic and  Dep.  of  East,  Oct.  13,  1890,  to  July  8,  1891, 
and  then  adjutant-general  Dep.  of  East  to  present 
date,  March,  1892.  Colonel,  assistant  adjutant-general, 
June  7,  1889. 


358 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (kecular) 


MAJOR  AND  BREVET  COLONEL    BENJAMIN  PIATT 
RUNKLE,   U.S.A.  (retired). 

Major  and  Brevet  Colonel  Benjamin  Piatt  Run- 
kle  was  bom  on  September  3,  1836;  is  a  great-grand- 
son of  Colonel  Jacob  Piatt,  of  the  Revolutionary  Army. 
He  was  educated  at  Miami  University,  Oxford,  Ohio, 
graduating  in  July,  1857  ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  July, 
1859;  was  nominated  for  the  Ohio  State  Senate  by  the 
Democracy  in  i860;  was  captain  of  the  Douglas  Guards, 
Ohio  Militia,  which  company  furnished  the  first  volun- 
teers for  the  war  from  Champaign  Count}',  Ohio ;  he  was 
commissioned  captain,  Thirteenth  Ohio  Infantry,  April 
22,  1861,  and  promoted  major,  November  8,  1861.  He 
served  in  the  West  Virginia  campaign  under  General 
William  S.  Rosecrans. 

Major  Runkle  was  serving  in  Smith's  brigade,  Critten- 
den's division.  Army  of  the  Ohio,  at  the  battle  of  Shiloh, 
when  he  was  severely  wounded,  and  left  for  dead  on  the 
field.  His  obituary,  written  by  the  Hon.  Whitelaw  Reid, 
appeared  in  the  New  York  Tribune,  lie  recovered,  how- 
ever, and  was  commissioned  colonel  of  the  Forty-fifth 
Ohio  Infantry,  which  he  raised  and  led  to  the  field, 
August  19,  1862;  served  in  the  Department  of  Kentui  k_v 
under  Generals  Wright,  Burnside,  and  Gillmore  during 
the  remainder  of  1862  and  part  of  [863;  commanding 
at   this   time   a   brigade  of  mounted   infantry.     Lie   was 


thanked  on  the  field  at  Somerset,  Kentucky,  March  30, 
1863,  for  the  conduct  of  his  command  and  himself  in 
breaking  the  Confederate  lines.  General  Gillmore  after- 
wards wrote,  "  I  shall  always  remember  with  pleasure 
your  conduct  at  Somerset,  for  to  the  charge  of  your 
command,  so  gallantly  led  by  yourself,  was  due  the 
victory  of  that  day." 

Colonel  Runkle's  wounds  breaking  out  afresh,  and 
incapacitating  him  for  active  service,  he  was  ordered 
to  report  to  Governor  Tod,  of  Ohio,  for  duty.  The 
Governor  ordered  him  to  Washington,  D.  C,  as  his 
confidential  aid  and  agent,  sending  a  letter  to  President 
Lincoln  in  the  following  words:  "The  bearer  hereof 
commands  my  full  confidence,  and  is  worth)-  of  yours." 
He  transacted  business  for  the  State  of  Ohio  with  the 
Departments  at  Washington,  D.  C,  until  the  Atlanta  cam- 
paign, when  he  joined  his  command,  which  had  been 
dismounted  and  were  serving  as  infantry,  and  remained 
with  the  same  till  July  21,  1864,  when  he  was  mustered 
out  "  on  account  of  disability  occasioned  by  wounds  re- 
ceived in  action." 

Colonel  Runkle  was  appointed  lieutenant-colonel 
Veteran  Reserve  Corps  (volunteers),  August  22,  1804; 
commanded  the  Twenty-first  Regiment  of  that  corps  until 
September,  1S65.  lie  was  a  member  of  the  committee 
appointed  by  that  corps  to  secure  its  recognition  in  the 
regular  army,  and  spent  the  winters  of  1865-66  in 
Washington  on  that  business.  Largely  as  a  result  of 
the  labors  of  that  committee,  four  Veteran  Reserve  Corps 
regiments  were  authorized  for  the  regular  army.  Col- 
onel Runkle  was  commissioned  major  of  the  Forty- 
fifth  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.,  July  28,  1866. 

From  1866  to  1870,  Colonel  Runkle  served  under 
Major-General  ( ).  O.  Howard,  being  assigned  to  duty 
in  Tennessee,  South  Carolina,  and  Kentucky.  He  was 
brevetted  lieutenant-colonel  and  colonel  U.  S.  Army,  to 
date  from  March  2,  18(17,  upon  the  recommendations 
of  General  Gillmore  and  others,  "for  gallant  and  meri- 
torious services  at  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  and  during  the 
war."  He  was  also  brevetted  major-general  of  volun- 
teers, November  9,   I  865. 

Colonel  Runkle  was  retired  "  on  account  of  disa- 
bility occasioned  by  wounds  received  in  action,"  De- 
cember 15,  1870.  He  now  resides  in  San  Francisco, 
California. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


359 


PAY-DIRECTOR  A.   W.  RUSSELL,   U.S.N,  (retired). 

Pay-Director  A.  W.  Russell  was  born  in  Maryland, 
and  first  served  in  the  navy  as  captain's  clerk  of  the  sloop 
"Saratoga,"  on  the  coast  of  Africa,  1842-44.  In  the 
operations  against  Bereby  and  adjacent  towns, — a  three 
days'  engagement  involving  the  destruction  of  six  towns, 
— under  Commodore  M.  C.  Perry,  December,  1843. 
During  the  Mexican  War  he  served  in  the  mounted 
rifle  regiment, — Captain  Samuel  H.  Walker,  the  distin- 
guished Texan  Ranger, — Company  C.  Was  clerk  to 
the  Committee  of  Naval  Affairs  of  the  United  States 
Senate  in  1858-61.  Commissioned  paymaster  in  the 
navy  from  the  District  of  Columbia  in  February,  1861. 
Was  then  attached  to  the  "  Pocahontas,"  in  the  Potomac 
River  and  Chesapeake  Bay,  for  a  short  time,  when  he  was 
transferred  to  the  sloop-of-war  "  Savannah,"  on  the  block- 
ade of  the  Atlantic  coast,  and  was  present  at  the  capture 
of  Tybee  Island,  lie  was  then  ordered  to  the  "  Colo- 
rado," and  was  at  the  mouth  of  the  Mississippi  during 
the  operations  in  that  river  leading  to  the  capture  <>f  New 
Orleans.  Paymaster  Russell  was  next  attached  to  the 
iron-clad  steamer  "  New  Ironsides,"  on  special  service  in 
1862,  and  in  the  South  Atlantic  Squadron  during  [863- 
64,  when  he  was  especially  thanked  by  Commodore  (after- 
wards Vice-Admiral)  Rowan,  commanding  the  "  New 
Ironsides,"  in  his  official  despatches,  "  for  gre.it  zeal  and 
ability  in  command  of  the  powder  and  shell  division," 
during  the  various  engagements  (twenty- seven)  with  the 
forts  and  batteries  of  Charleston  harbor. 

Paymaster  Russell  was  attached  to  the  receiving-ship 
"North  Carolina,"  at  New  York,  1864-65,  and  to  the 
"Chattanooga,"  on  "special  service,"  in  1866.  Then 
sailed  in  the  steam-sloop  "  Sacramento"  on  a  special 
cruise,  but  the  cruise  was  finished  by  the  wreck  of  the 
vessel  in  the  Bay  of  Bengal.    Paymaster  Russell,  although 


losing  his  personal  belongings  in  the  wreck,  saved  all 
his  official  books,  accounts,  vouchers,  public  money, 
and  was  thus  enabled  to  settle  his  accounts  with  the 
Treasury  Department  without  the  difference  of  a  penny. 
In  [868— 70  he  was  inspector  of  provisions  and  clothing 
at  the  navy-yard  at  Washington,  and  on  duty  at  the 
Navy  Pay-Office  at  Philadelphia  from  1870  to  1873. 

He  had  been  promoted  to  pay-inspector  in  March, 
1871.  Was  inspector  of  provisions  and  clothing  at 
the  Philadelphia  yard  for  some  months.  He  then 
went  again  to  the  Pay-Office  at  Philadelphia  from  1874 
to  1877. 

Promoted  pay-director  in  February,  1877.  Navy  Pay- 
Office,  Baltimore,  March  31,  1877,  to  January,  18S2.  At 
the  Navy  Pay-Office  at  Philadelphia,  from  May,  1882,  to 
February,  1886.  Was  retired,  by  operation  of  law,  Feb- 
ruary 4,  1 886. 


;6o 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD  NAVY  regular) 


MAJOR    GhRALD   RUSSELL,  U.S.A.   (retired). 

Major  Gerald  Russell  was  born  in  Ireland,  and  en- 
tered the  military  service  as  a  private  in  July,  185  i.  lie 
was  assigned  to  Company  F,  Mounted  Riflemen,  U.S.A. 
lie  served  at  Carlisle  and  Jefferson  Barracks,  and  after 
assignment  went  with  his  company  to  Indianola,  Texas, 
lie  scouted  almost  continuously  through  the  State  of 
Texas  during  the  period  of  his  first  enlistment,  and  was 
engaged  in  action  with  Indians  on  the  Rio  Grande,  above 
Fort  Ringgold,  in  1X53.  On  this  occasion  he  volunteered 
to  swim  the  Rio  Grande,  and,  with  the  assistance  of  two 
other  volunteers,  recovered  fort)-  head  of  stolen  horses. 
He  was  honorably  discharged  in  1856,  and  six  months 
later  re-enlisted,  and  joined  his  old  regiment  in  New 
Mexico. 

In  February,  1858,  he  participated,  with  thirty  men, 
miller  Lieutenant  II.  M.  Lazelle,  in  a  fight  in'  Dog  Canon, 
New  Mexico,  against  Mescalaro  Apache  Indians,  for 
which  he  was  honorably  mentioned  in  General  Orders 
of  the  War  Department  of  1X59.  In  the  latter  part  of 
[860  he  participated  in  the  attack  on  a  large  camp  of 
Comanche  anil  Kiowa  Indians  at  Cold  Springs,  New 
Mexico.  In  the  memorable  year  of  1861  he  was  sta- 
tioned at  Fort  Stanton,  New  Mexico,  when  the  news  of 
the  fall  of  Fort  Sumter  was  received  at  that  post.  The 
commanding  officers  stationed  at  Fort  Stanton  at  the 
time  were  Southern  men,  with  one  or  two  lukewarm  ex- 
ceptions. The  news  caused  great  commotion  among  the 
Southern  officers,  and  extensive  preparations  were  com- 
menced to  take  the  entire  garrison,  which  consisted  of 
three  companies  of  mounted  rifles  and  two  companies  of 
infantry,  into  Texas.      In    fact,  the   movement  was  fully 


determined  upon  ;  for  Russell  received  orders,  as  first 
sergeant,  to  have  his  company  (D)  in  complete  order  to 
march.  But  the  movement  was  frustrated  by  an  anony- 
mous letter  received  by  Captain  Thomas  Claiborne,  who 
was  conspicuous  in  creating  disaffection  among  the  troops, 
warning  him  not  to  proceed  one  step  further  at  his  peril. 
The  letter  had  the  desired  effect.  All  preparations  imme- 
diately ceased,  and  the  officers,  once  sanguine  of  taking 
the  formidable  garrison  i  if  Fort  Stanton  to  swell  the  ranks 
of  the  Confederacy,  took  their  departure  two  days  later 
with  a  modest  escort,  all  of  whom  returned  in  due  time, 
except  one  man,  who  cast  his  lot  with  the  South.  The 
writer  of  the  anonymous  letter  referred  to  hopes  not  to 
be  accused  of  egotism  for  relating  the  above  facts,  for 
the  first  time,  after  a  lapse  of  thirty-one  years.  On  Feb- 
ruary 22,  iS62,he  participated  in  the  battle  of  Val  Verde, 
and  served  in  all  the  campaigning  in  Southern  New- 
Mexico  from  the  day  the  invaders  first  entered  the  Ter- 
ritory until  they  were  driven  from  it.  In  May,  1862,  while 
in  command  of  sixty  men  of  his  regiment  (Third  Cav- 
alry), he  fought  a  hostile  band  of  Navajo  Indians,  killing 
several  of  them,  and  capturing  three  thousand  head  of 
sheep,  some  burros,  mules,  and  oxen,  at  Sierra  Caballo, 
New  Mexico.  In  the  fall  of  1862  he  was  transferred  to 
the  Western  Army,  and  in  May,  1863,  was  on  mustering 
duty  with  the  Fourth  Division,  Sixteenth  Army  Corps, 
serving  during  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  not  only  as  mus- 
tering-officer,  but  as  aide-de-camp  to  the  general  com- 
manding. 

He  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  Third  U.  S.  Cav- 
alry July  18,  1S62,  and  promoted  first  lieutenant  August 
4,  [864.  He  continued  to  serve  with  the  Western  Army, 
participating  in  the  battle  of  Jackson,  Mississippi,  and 
was  captured  by  the  enemy  a  few  days  subsequently 
while  en  route  to  Vicksburg,  under  orders.  Lieutenant 
Russell  was  exchanged  in  October,  1863,  and  was  or- 
dered to  Natchez,  but  here  met  with  an  accident,  which 
interrupted  his  duties  in  the  field,  ami  he  was  placed  on 
mustering  duty  at  Louisville,  Kentucky,  until  the  close 
of  the  war,  when  he  rejoined  his  regiment,  and  marched 
with  it  from  Little  Rock,  Arkansas,  to  New  Mexico,  and 
in  1 869  was  transferred  to  Arizona,  where  he  participated 
in  numerous  engagements  with  Indians  in  the  Pelonica, 
Chiricahua,  and  Dragoon  Mountains.  He  was  transferred 
to  the  Department  of  the  Platte  in  1871,  and  in  1875-77 
participated  in  the  campaigns  against  hostile  Sioux  In- 
dians, under  Generals  Crook  and  Mackenzie. 

He  was  promoted  captain  August  4,  1864,  and  major 
Fifth  Cavalry  October  29,  1888.  lie  was  retired  from 
active  service  December  17,  1890. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


361 


FIRST  LIEUTENANT  AND  BREVET  CAPTAIN  ROBERT 
GEDNEY  RUTHERFORD,  U.S.A.  (retired). 
First  Lieutenant  and  Brevet  Captain  Robert 
Gednev  Rutherford  was  born  in  New  York  City,  New 
York.  His  first  service  was  as  second  lieutenant,  Ninth 
Regiment,  New  York  State  Militia  (Eighty-third  New 
York  State  Volunteers),  from  May  20,  1861.  He  was 
detailed  on  recruiting  duty  in  New  York  City  from 
May  27  to  November  17,  1861,  during  which  time  he 
conducted  a  detachment  of  recruits  to  the  regiment  on 
the  Upper  Potomac.  (This  service  of  nearly  six  months 
was  performed  at  an  officer's  own  expense,  and  he  is  not 
credited  with  it  in  the  official  record.)  He  was  not 
mustered  into  the  service  of  the  United  States  until  No- 
vember 19,  1 861.  Entering  on  duty  with  regiment  from 
November  19,  1861,  he  was  detailed  on  staff  of  briga- 
dier-general commanding  Second  Brigade,  Third  Divi- 
sion, Banks's  Army  Corps,  afterwards  Third  Brigade, 
First  Division,  Twelfth  Army  Corps,  serving  succes- 
sively with  Generals  Charles  S.  Hamilton,  George  H. 
Gordon,  and  George  S.  Green,  and  performing  the  duties 
of  brigade  quartermaster  from  January  18,  1862,  to 
August  [8,  1862.  He  then  became  aide-de-camp  to 
Brigadier-General  A.  S.  Williams,  commanding  First 
Division,  Twelfth  Army  Corps,  in  which  capacity  he 
served  from  August  18,  1862,  to  September  14,  1862. 

Fie  was  taken  sick  at  Frederick  City,  Maryland,  and 
sent  to  New  York  City,  where  he  remained  until  Febru- 
ary 26,  1863,  suffering  from  effects  of  contused  wounds 
of  right  knee-joint.  He  was  honorably  discharged  and 
mustered  out  of  service  on  surgeon's  certificate  of  disa- 
bility February  26,  1863,  at  New  York  City. 

On  September  19,  1863,  he  reported  for  duty  with 
Veteran  Reserve  Corps  at  department  camp,  near  Wash- 
ington, D.  C,  having  been  appointed  a  captain  in  that 
corps  by  President  Abraham  Lincoln.  At  Washington, 
D.  C,  he  did  duty  as  officer  of  the  guard,  every  second 
or  third  day,  at  the  "  Old  Capitol  Prison,"  where  the 
rebel  prisoners  were  confined,  and  at  the  "  Carroll  Prison," 
where  the  prisoners  of  the  State  were  kept.  March  5, 
1864,  commanded  the  expedition  sent  from  Washington, 
D.  C,  for  the  relief  of  Cherrystone,  on  the  eastern  shore 
of  Virginia,  which  had  been  raided  by  the  rebels. 

He  commanded  a  company  at  Washington,  D.  C, 
and  was  doing  duty  as  field-officer  of  the  day  for  the 
defences  of  Washington  at  the  time  the  rebel  Genera! 
Early  made  his  attack  on  the  national  capital  in  July, 
1S64;  participated  in  the  fight  with  General  Early's  forces 
in  front  of  Fort  Stevens,  and  in  the  campaign  which 
followed. 

On  August  16,  1864,  assumed  command  of  the"  Central 
Guard-House,"   then  used  as  a  military  prison,  and  re- 
mained on  this  duty  until  July  12,  1865,  when,  the  war 
having  terminated,  the  prison    was  turned   over  to   the 
46 


civil  authorities  July  12  to  October  4,  1865  ;  he  was  mi 
sick-leave  to  December  7,  1865,  and  then  on  duty  at 
Camp  Carrington,  Indianapolis,  Indiana,  commanding 
detachment  of  two  companies  of  the  Twenty-second 
Regiment,  Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  and  engaged  in  mus- 
tering out  volunteer  troops. 

Lieutenant  Rutherford  received  contused  wound  of 
right  knee-joint  at  Rappahannock  Station,  Virginia,  and 
contracted  rheumatism  in  the  field,  causing  great  and 
continuous  suffering,  and  resulting  in  the  distortion  of 
both  feet. 

He  took  part  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley  campaign 
of  1862,  and  General  Pope's  campaign  from  Culpeper 
Court-House  to  Washington,  and  was  present  at  Win- 
chester, Rappahannock  Station,  Beverly's  Ford,  Sulphur 
Springs,  second  Bull  Run,  and  Fort  Stevens. 

Captain  Rutherford  was  mustered  out  of  the  volun- 
teer service  as  brevet  lieutenant-colonel  April  30,  1867, 
and  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  of  the  Forty-fifth 
Infantry,  to  date  from  March  7,  1867,  and  was  the  same 
day  brevetted  first  lieutenant  and  captain  for  "  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  Rappahannock 
Station,"  and  "  gallant  and  meritorious  services  during 
the  war." 

During  the  years  of  1866-68  he  was  on  "  reconstruc- 
tion duty." 

On  July  30,  1  869,  reported  for  duty  at  Fort  Columbus, 
New  York  harbor,  as  post  quartermaster ;  was  also  post 
commissary  of  subsistence,  and  for  part  of  the  term 
depot  treasurer.  In  addition,  commanded  a  company 
(luring  the  last  two  years  of  his  tour. 

Having  been  examined  by  retiring  board  and  recom- 
mended for  retirement  for  disability  resulting  from  causes 
incident  to  the  service,  he  was,  June  28,  1878,  retired 
from  active  service.  Since  retirement  he  has  resided  at 
Washington,  D.  C. 


362 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD  NA  VY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN  WILLIAM  THOMAS  SAMPSON.  U.S.N. 

Captain  William  Thomas  Sampson,  the  eldest  son  of 
James  and  Hannah  Sampson,  was  born  in  Palmyra,  New- 
York,  on  February  9,  1S40.  He  entered  the  Naval  Acad- 
emy in  September,  1S57,  and  graduated  at  the  head  of  his 
class  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war,  in  April,  1S61.  After 
serving  for  a  short  time  in  the  Potomac  flotilla,  he  was 
ordered  to  join  the  frigate  "  Potomac"  as  watch  and  divi- 
sion officer,  under  the  command  of  the  late  Rear-Admiral 
Levin  M.  Powell.  The  "  Potomac"  was  stationed  off 
Mobile  on  blockade  duty.  From  her  he  was  transferred 
to  the  "Water-Witch,"  as  executive-officer,  and  saw 
service  on  all  parts  of  the  Gulf. 

In  1S62  he  returned  to  the  Naval  Academy,  then  at 
Newport,  for  a  short  tour  of  duty  as  an  instructor.  In 
1864  he  became  executive-officer  of  the  "  Patapsco,"  then 
stationed  in  the  South  Atlantic  Squadron.  On  the  night 
of  January  15,  1865,  the  "  Patapsco"  was  the  advance 
monitor  for  the  night  in  Charleston  Roads,  protecting  the 
picket-boats  that  were  dragging  for  torpedoes  and  examin- 
ing the  obstructions  between  Forts  Sumter  and  Moultrie. 
She  was  kept  under  way,  being  allowed  to  drift  towards 
the  obstructions,  and  then  steamed  down  the  channel 
when  sufficiently  near  them.  The  third  time,  while  steam- 
ing down-stream,  a  torpedo  struck  her  under  the  port 
1  iow,  and  she  went  down  in  less  than  a  minute.  Lieutenant 
SampsOn,  who  was  running  the  ship,  was  standing  on  the 
ridge-rope  around  the  turret,  and  was  picked  up  while  in 
the  water  by  one  of  the  picket-boats.     He  was  mentii  >ned 


in  the  report  of  the  commanding  officer  for  the  cool 
intrepidity  which  he  displayed.  After  the  sinking  of  the 
"  Patapsco,"  Lieutenant  Sampson  joined  the  "  Colorado," 
the  flag-ship  of  the  Furopean  Station,  Rear-Admiral  L. 
M.  Goldsborough  in  command.  While  on  that  station, 
in  1866,  he  was  commissioned  as  lieutenant-commander. 

In  the  fall  of  1867,  Lieutenant-Commander  Sampson 
was  ordered  to  the  Naval  Academy  at  Annapolis  as  an 
instructor  in  the  Department  of  Natural  Philosophy.  In 
1S69  he  became  head  of  that  department,  and  was  mainly 
instrumental  in  introducing  the  present  system  of  monthly 
examinations. 

In  January,  1871,  lie  joined  the  "Congress"  as  execu- 
tive-officer. The  "  Congress"  first  carried  coal  and  stores 
to  Disco,  Greenland,  for  Hall's  Polar  Expedition,  and  on 
her  return  joined  the  PCuropean  Station.  He  received  his 
commission  as  commander  in  1874,  and  was  ordered  to 
the  Naval  Academy  as  head  of  the  Department  of  Phys- 
ics and  Chemistry.  During  this  tour  of  duty  the  instruc- 
tion in  applied  science  was  greatly  developed  to  meet  the 
modern  requirements,  and  several  of  our  most  distin- 
guished electricians  acquired  the  groundwork  of  their 
knowledge  at  the  Naval  Academy  since  1874. 

In  187s,  Commander  Sampson  was  sent  in  charge  of  a 
part}-  to  observe  the  total  eclipse  of  the  sun  from  a  station 
at  Creston,  Wyoming.  In  1879  he  was  ordered  to  com- 
mand the  "  Swatara"  for  a  cruise  on  the  Asiatic  Station. 
Both  the  "  Congress,"  of  which  he  was  executive-officer, 
and  the  "  Swatara,"  which  he  commanded,  were  noted 
throughout  the  service  for  beinc  in  fine  condition,  under 
excellent  discipline,  and  thoroughly  drilled.  The  present 
chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Ordnance — Commander  Folger — 
was  executive  of  the  "  Swatara"  during  this  time. 

In  1881,  Commander  Sampson  returned  to  the  United 
States,  and  in  1SS2  was  ordered  as  assistant  superintend- 
ent at  the  Naval  Observatory.  During  his  tour  of  duty 
at  the  observatory  many  of  the  instruments,  that  had 
been  neglected  for  some  years,  were  put  in  thorough  re- 
pair and  placed  under  the  charge  of  naval  officers  who 
were  competent  observers.  The  system  of  time-signals 
was  extended,  and  the  testing,  care,  and  rating  of  chro- 
nometers were  thoroughly  systematized. 

He  was  superintendent  of  the  Naval  Academy  at 
Annapolis  for  a  considerable  period,  having  been  pro- 
moted captain  in  March,  1XS9.  This  is  one  of  the  most 
important  posts  a  naval  officer  can  fill.  Since  November, 
1890,  he  has  been  in  command  of  the  "San  Francisco," 
on  the  Pacific  Statii  >n. 


WHO  SERVED   IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


363 


CAPTAIN  EGBERT  B.  SAVAGE,  U.S.A. 

Captain  Egbert  B.  Savage  (Eighth  Infantry)  was 
born  February  2,  1843,  at  Saratoga  Springs,  New  York. 
He  entered  the  volunteer  service  as  first  lieutenant  of  the 
One  Hundred  and  Fifteenth  New  York  Infantry,  Au- 
gust 26,  1862,  and  was  promoted  captain  August  30, 
1862.  He  served  in  the  field  during  the  war  of  the  Re- 
bellion, and  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Maryland 
Heights,  Maryland,  and  Bolivar  Heights,  Virginia,  and 
was  taken  prisoner  at  Harper's  Ferry,  Virginia,  Sep 
tember  15,  1862.  He  was  then  in  the  parole  camp  at 
Chicago,  Illinois,  until  November,  1862,  when  he  was 
exchanged,  and  joined  his  regiment  in  the  field  in  Vir- 
ginia. 

lie  was  transferred  to  the  Department  of  the  South, 
and  served  at  Hilton  Head  and  Beaufort,  South  Caro- 
lina ;  then  participated  in  the  expedition  to  Florida,  com- 
manded by  General  Seymour,  and  was  engaged  at  the 
capture  of  Jacksonville,  Camp  Finnegan,  and  battle  of 
Olustee  (also  Ocean  Pond  and  Silver  Lake),  February  20, 
1864. 

Captain  Savage  was  then  transferred  to  the  Army  of 
the  James,  in  Virginia,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of 
Chesterfield  Heights,  Virginia,  in  May,  1S64;  action  of 
Drury's  Bluff,  Virginia,  May,  1864;  and  was  on  duty  at 
Bermuda  Hundred,  from  May  25-30,  1864.  He  was 
then  attached  to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  was  en- 
gaged in  the  battle  of  Cold  Harbor,  Virginia,  in  June, 
[864,  where  he  was  wounded.  He  was  in  the  siege  of 
Petersburg,  Virginia,  from  the  commencement  until 
about  September  26,  1864,  and  was  engaged  in  the  mine 
explosion,  July  30,  1864;  battle  of  Deep  Bottom,  Vir- 
ginia, August  16,  1864;  commanded  the  One  Hundred 
and  Fifteenth  New  York  in  action  near  Deep  Bottom, 
August  18,  1864;  battle  of  Chapin's  Farm,  Virginia, 
September  29,  1864,  where  he  was  wounded  and  sent  to 
hospital  near  Fort  Monroe. 

Captain  Savage  rejoined  his  regiment  in  the  field  in 
November  following,  and  participated  in  the  first  expedi- 
tion to  Fort  Fisher,  North  Carolina,  commanded  by 
General  Butler,  in  December,  1864.  He  also  partici- 
pated in  the  second  expedition  to  the  same  place  under 
General  Terry,  in  January,  1865.  He  was  engaged  in 
the  assault  and  capture  of  that  place  January  15,  and  at 
the  explosion  of  the  magazine  of  Fort  Fisher  on  the 
16th.  He  then  joined  General  Sherman's  army  in  North 
Carolina,  and  was  honorably  mustered  out  August  30, 
1865,  having  been  transferred  to  the  Forty-seventh  New 
York  Infantry  on  the  muster-out  of  the  One  Hundred 


and  Fifteenth,  June  17,  1865.  Captain  Savage  was  com- 
missioned major  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Fifteenth, 
April  29,  1865,  but  was  not  mustered  into  service.  He 
was  acting  ordnance  officer  of  the  Second  Division, 
Tenth  Army  Corps,  and  department  ordnance  officer  at 
Raleigh,  North  Carolina,  from  May  to  August,  1865. 

Captain  Savage  entered  the  regular  service  as  second 
lieutenant  of  the  Fifteenth  Infantry,  February  23,  1866, 
and  promoted  first  lieutenant  the  same  day.  He  was 
transferred  to  the  Thirty-third  Infantry  September  21, 
1866;  transferred  to  the  Eighth  Infantry  May  3,  1869; 
and  promoted  captain  May  30,  1877.  From  1866  to 
1 87 1  he  was  on  duty  in  the  South,  and  stationed  at 
Mobile,  Montgomery,  Huntsville,  Selma,  and  Jackson- 
ville, Alabama,  and  Charleston,  South  Carolina ;  in 
1871-72  he  was  at  David's  Island,  and  his  regiment  was 
transferred  to  tire  West.  He  participated  in  General 
Stanley's  Yellowstone  Expedition  in  1872-73,  and  for 
two  years  was  stationed  at  Fort  Omaha  and  Fort  D.  A. 
Russell.  He  was  then  transferred  to  Arizona,  where  he 
remained  until  1879,  when  he  was  detailed  on  recruiting 
service  until  1882,  rejoining  his  company  at  Fort  Gaston, 
California. 

From  1882  to  1886  he  served  at  Angel  Island 
and  Fort  Hallcck,  Nevada;  and  from  January  to  May 
of  that  year  was  in  the  field  in  Arizona,  taking  station 
at  Fort  Grant,  and  remaining  there  until  1890,  when 
his  regiment  was  transferred  to  the  Department  of  the 
Platte,  and  he  took-  station  at  Fort  Niobrara,  but  was 
changed  to  Fort  McKinney,  in  1891,  where  he  is  now 
serving. 


364 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL   AND   BREVET  BRIGADIER- 
GENERAL  CHARLES  G.   SAWTELLE,   U.S.A. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  and  Brevet  Brigadier-Gen- 
eral Charles  G.  Sawtelle  (Quartermaster's  Depart- 
ment) was  born  in  Maine,  May  10,  1834;  was  a  cadet  at 
the  U.  S.  Military  Academy  July  1,  1850,  to  Jul}-  1,  1854, 
when  he  graduated  and  was  promoted  a  brevet  second 
lieutenant  of  infantry,  and  second  lieutenant  of  the  Sixth 
Infantry  March  3,  1855.  He  served  on  frontier  duty  at 
Fort  Ripley,  Minnesota,  1854-55;  on  Sioux  expedition 
in  [855;  Fort  Laramie,  Dakota,  1855-56;  Fort  Pierre, 
Dakota,  1856;  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  1856-57. 
Regimental  quartermaster,  Sixth  Infantry,  February  15, 
1857,  to  May  17,  1861  ;  quelling  Kansas  disturbances, 
1857-58;  Utah  expedition,  185S,  and  on  march  to  Cali- 
fornia, 1858;  in  garrison  at  Benicia,  California,  1858,  and 
Presidio  of  San  Francisco,  California,  1858-59;  as  quar- 
termaster on  Mojave  expedition  to  Arizona,  1859;  at 
Benicia,  California,  1859-61,  being  acting  regimental 
adjutant,  April  29  to  July  10,  1861. 

Served  during  the  rebellion  of  the  seceding  States, 
1861-66;  in  charge  of  the  Quartermaster  Depot  at  Per- 
ryville,  Maryland,  August,  1861,  to  March,  1862;  in 
the  Virginia  Peninsula  campaign,  in  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  from  March  to  May,  1862,  to  September  7, 
1862;  as  acting  chief  quartermaster  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  September  7  to  November  12,  1862,  during 
the  Man-land  campaign;  as  chief  quartermaster  of  the 
Second  Corps  in  the  Rappahannock  campaign  (Army 
of  the  Potomac),  November  12,  1862,  to  January  24, 
1863. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  June  5,  i860,  and 
appointed  captain,  staff-assistant  quartermaster,  May  17, 
t86l,  and  lieutenant-colonel,  staff,  L:.  S.  Volunteers,  No- 
vember 12,  1862,  being  present  at  the  battle  of  Freder- 
icksburg, December  13,  1862,  as  chief  quartermaster  of 


the  Right  Grand  Division  ;  as  chief  quartermaster  of 
Cavalry  Corps  (Army  of  the  Potomac),  January  24  to 
June  13,  1863,  being  engaged  on  "  Stoneman's  Raid" 
towards  Richmond,  May,  1863;  as  assistant  chief  quar- 
termaster of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  June  21  to  Aug- 
ust 6,  1863,  being  engaged  in  the  Pennsylvania  campaign  ; 
as  chief  quartermaster  of  the  Cavalry  Bureau  at  Washing- 
ton, D.  C,  August  6,  1863,  to  February  15,  1864;  as 
chief  quartermaster  at  Brownsville,  Texas,  of  the  forces 
on  the  Rio  Grande,  February  to  April  $0,  1864;  in 
charge  of  transports  and  supplies,  May  15-19,  1864,  for 
the  relief  of  General  Banks's  army  returning  from  Red 
River,  which  he  met  at  Atchafalaya,  and  constructed  a 
bridge  of  nine  hundred  feet  across  the  river,  using  twenty- 
one  large  steamboats  as  pontoons  ;  as  chief  quartermaster 
of  the  Military  Division  of  West  Mississippi,  June  6, 
1864,  to  June  2,  1 865,  being  engaged  in  the  Mobile  cam- 
paign and  expedition  terminating  in  the  surrender  of  the 
rebel  forces  under  General  Taylor. 

He  was  brcvetted  major,  lieutenant-colonel,  and  colo- 
nel, March  13,  1865,  for  "faithful  and  meritorious  services 
during  the  Rebellion;"  and  brigadier-general,  March  13, 
1S65,  for  "faithful  and  meritorious  services  in  the  quar- 
termaster's department  during  the  Rebellion."  He  was 
lieutenant-colonel,  staff,  U.  S.  Volunteers,  from  May  27, 
1864,  to  May  25,  1865  ;  and  colonel,  staff,  U.  S.  Volun- 
teers, from  May  25,  1865,  to  January  1,  1867,  and  served 
as  chief  quartermaster  of  the  Military  Division  of  the 
Southwest,  June  3  to  Jul)-  17,  1865  ;  of  the  Military  Di- 
vision of  the  Gulf,  July  17,  1865,  to  August  15,  1866; 
of  the  Department  of  the  Gulf,  August  15,  1866,  to 
April  I,  1867;  and  of  the  Fifth  Military  District,  April 
I  to  August  31,  1867. 

On  January  iS,  1S67,  he  was  promoted  major,  staff- 
quartermaster,  and  served  in  charge  of  clothing  depot, 
and  assistant  to  the  depot  quartermaster  at  New  York 
City,  September  9,  1867,  to  April  10,  1S69;  as  chief 
quartermaster  of  the  Department  of  California,  May  4, 
1869,  to  August  15,  1872  ;  quartermaster  in  the  Depart- 
ment of  the  East,  August  23,  1872,  to  November  10, 
1877;  and  as  chief  quartermaster,  Department  of  the 
East,  November  10,  1877,  to  March  25,  1878;  and  of 
the  Department  of  the  Columbia,  May  14,  1878,  to  April 
12,  1 88 1  ;  having  been  promoted  lieutenant-colonel, 
stall",  deputy  quartermaster-general,  January  24,  18S1, 
and  then  served  as  chief  quartermaster  of  the  Depart- 
ment of  the  South,  April  27,  18S1,  to  April  27,  1882; 
and  of  the  Military  Division  of  the  Atlantic  and  Depart- 
ment of  the  East,  May  1,  1882,  to  October  29,  1883;  in 
office  of  quartermaster-general,  Washington,  D.  C,  from 
October  29,  1883,  to  September  16,  1890.  In  charge  of 
the  general  depot  of  the  quartermaster's  department  in 
Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  October  1,  1890,  to  this 
time. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


365 


COLONEL  AND  BREVET  MAJOR-GENERAL  RUFUS 

SAXTON,    U.S.A.    (RETIRED). 

Colonel  and  Brevet  Major-General  Rufus  Saxton 
was  born  in  Massachusetts  in  1824.  Graduating  at  the 
Military  Academy  in  1849, nc  was  appointed  a  lieutenant 
of  artillery.  In  1853  he  was  assigned  to  duty  on  the 
Northern  Pacific  Railroad  Exploration  and  Survey,  and 
made  a  barometric  profile  of  the  route  across  the  Rocky 
Mountains  on  which  that  railroad  was  afterwards  built. 
The  following  order  is  in  recognition  of  this  service : 

"Northern  Pacifh-  Railroad  Exploration  and  Survey, 
"Camp  Dobbin,  near  Fort  Benton,  Septembei  18,  1S53. 

"  Order  No.  18. 

"The  chief  of  the  expedition  congratulates  Lieutenant 
Saxton  and  his  party  upon  their  safe  arrival  at  Fort 
Denton  from  the  mouth  of  the  Columbia.  For  indomi- 
table energy,  sound  judgment,  and  crowning  accom- 
plishment, Lieutenant  Saxton  has  the  thanks  of  all  his 
associates,  and  deserves  honorable  mention  at  the  hands 
of  all  men  who  seek  to  advance  the  honor  and  renown 
of  their  country. 

"  Isaac  I.  Stevens, 
"  Governor  of  Washington  Territory!' 

From  this  time  until  the  war,  Lieutenant  Saxton  was 
on  the  Coast  Survey,  and  also  instructor  of  tactics  at  the 
Military  Academy.  In  1861  he  was  chief  quartermaster 
on  the  staff  of  General  Lyon  in  his  Missouri  campaign, 
of  General  McClellan  in  Western  Virginia,  and  General 
Sherman's  Port  Royal  expedition.  In  1862  he  was  pro- 
moted brigadier-general  and  assigned  to  the  command  of 
Harper's  Ferry,  Virginia.  In  May,  Mr.  Stanton  wrote 
General  Saxton  :  "  By  special  assignment  of  the  Presi- 
dent, you  are  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  forces  at 
Harper's  Ferry  without  regard  to  seniority  of  rank,  and 
will  exercise  your  own  discretion  with  regard  to  its  de- 
fence." The  defence  was  successful,  and  General  Jackson 
was  driven  up  the  valley.  Mr.  Stanton  telegraphed  Gen- 
eral Saxton  :  "  I  have  reserved  to  say  to  you  personally 
what  I  feel  concerning  the  important  service  you  have 
rendered  the  fjovernment,  and  the  high  sense  I  have  of 
the  skill  and  ability  you  have  shown  in  the  performance 
of  your  arduous  duties,  which  have  fulfilled  my  expecta- 
tions."    He  also  wrote : 

"War  Department,  Washington,  I1.1    .  fune  17,  1S62. 
"  To  Brigadier-General  Rufus  Saxton  : 

"  The  thanks  of  this  department  are  cordially  tendered 
to  you  for  your  late  able  and  gallant  defence  of  Harper's 
Ferry  against  the  rebel  forces  under  command  of  General 
Jackson.  You  were  placed  in  command  at  that  point 
at  a  moment  of  extreme  danger,  and  under  circum- 
stances of  extraordinary  difficulty.  By  your  skill  and  gal- 
lantry great  service  was  rendered  to  the  country,  which 
I  feel  it  to  be  the  duty  of  this  department  to  acknowledge 


and  place  on  record,  assuring  you  at  the  same  time  of 
ni)-  personal  confidence  and  regard. 
"  Yours  truly, 

"  Edwin  M.  Stanton, 

"  Secretary  of  War" 

Afterwards  General  Saxton  was  appointed  by  the 
President,  upon  the  request  of  Secretary  Chase,  military 
governor  of  the  Department  of  the  South,  and  also 
superintendent  of  the  recruiting  of  colored  troops.  He 
also  commanded  a  division  of  the  Tenth  Army  Corps, 
the  Beaufort  district,  and  also  of  the  forces  on  Morris 
and  John's  Islands  in  the  attack  on  Charleston.  He 
was  also  commissioner  of  the  Freedmen's  Bureau  for 
South  Carolina,  Georgia,  and  Florida  until  the  end  of 
the  war. 

At  this  time  he  received  the  following  from  the  war- 
governor  of  his  native  State: 

"  Boston,  Feb.  15,  1S66. 

"  M  \ior-General  Rufus  Saxton,  Beaufort,  S.  C. : 

"  General, —  .  .  .  But  more  than  all,  I  thank  you  for 
the  fidelity  to  liberty  and  justice  and  to  every  duty,  and 
the  zeal  and  ability  which  have  distinguished  your  service 
of  the  country  and  mankind  during  the  Rebellion.  Among 
the  sons  of  Massachusetts  none  will  leave  behind  them 
a  more  gracious  memory  or  a  more  honorable  name  than 
yours.     Believe  me  always, 

"  Your  friend  and  servant, 

"John  A.  Andrew." 

After  the  war  General  Saxton  was  chief  quartermaster 
of  the  Department  of  the  South,  of  the  Lakes,  of  the 
Missouri,  of  the  Columbia,  and  of  the  Military  Division 
of  the  Pacific.  He  was  brevetted  major,  lieutenant- 
colonel,  colonel,  brigadier-general,  and  major-general. 
After  forty-three  years  of  service  he  was  retired  by 
action  of  law. 


366 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (regular) 


REAR-ADMIRAL  JAMES  FINDLAY   SCHENCK,  U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Rear-Admiral  James  Findlay  Schenck  was  born  in 
Ohio,  June  n,  1807.  Appointed  from  Ohio,  March  1, 
1825;  sloop  "Hornet,"  West  India  Squadron,  1829; 
frigate  "  Brandy  wine,"  1830.  Promoted  to  passed  mid- 
shipman June  4,  i S3 1  ;  sloop  "John  Adams,"  Medi- 
terranean Squadron,  1833-34. 

Commissioned  as  lieutenant  December  22,  1835  ;  sloop 


"St.  Louis,"  West  India  Squadron,  1837;  brig  "Dol- 
phin," Brazil  Squadron,  1840;  razee  "Independence," 
Home  Squadron,  1S43;  frigate  "Congress,"  Pacific 
Squadron,  1846-47. 

During  the  war  with  Mexico,  Lieutenant  Schenck,  as 
chief  military  aid  to  Commodore  Stockton,  landed  and 
took  possession  of  Santa  Barbara  and  San  Pedro,  in  Cali- 
fornia ;  serving  in  same  capacity,  marched  on  and  was  at 
the  first  capture  of  Los  Angeles.  As  second  lieutenant 
of  the  frigate  "  Congress,"  was  at  the  bombardment 
and  capture  of  Guaymas,  and  the  taking  of  Mazatlan. 
Frigate  "  Congress,"  East  India  Squadron,  1848;  com- 
manding mail  steamship  "  Ohio,"  184S-52. 

Commissioned  as  commander  September  14,  1S55; 
commanding  receiving-ship,  New  York,  1848  ;  command- 
ing steamer  "  Saginaw,"  East  India  Squadron,  1860-61. 

On  June  30,  1 86 1 ,  the  "  Saginaw"  was  fired  upon  by 
a  fort  at  Quin  Hone,  Cochin-China  ;  the  fire  was  returned 
and  the  fort  silenced. 

Commissioned  as  captain,  1861  ;  commanding  frigate 
"  St.  Lawrence,"  Blockading  Squadron,  1S62. 

Commissioned  as  commodore  July  2,  1863;  command- 
ing steam-sloop  "  Powhatan,"  North  Atlantic  Squadron, 
1864-65  ;  commanded  "  Powhatan"  and  Third  Division  of 
Porter's  Squadron  in  the  two  attacks  on  Fort  Fisher; 
commanded  Naval  Station,  Mound  City,  Illinois,  1866. 

Commissioned  as  rear-admiral  July,  1S80.  Died  in 
1882. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


367 


CAPTAIN  WINFIELD  SCOTT  SCHLEY,  U.S.N. 

Captain  Winfield  Scott  Schley  belongs  to  a  well- 
known  family  of  western  Maryland.  He  was  born  in 
that  State,  near  Frederick,  in  1839,  anc'  was  appointed 
an  acting  midshipman  in  1856.  He  was  at  the  Naval 
Academy  until  1 S60,  when  he  graduated.  He  served  in 
the  U.  S.  frigate  "  Niagara,"  in  China  and  Japan,  after 
carrying  the  embassy  from  Japan  back  to  their  own 
country  in  1S60-61. 

The  exigencies  of  war  at  that  time  brought  officers 
forward  very  rapidly,  and  he  was  promoted  to  master 
in  1 86 1,  and  ordered  to  the  U.S.  frigate  "Potomac." 
While  serving  in  her  he  was  present  at  the  occupation 
of  Mexico,  early  in  1862,  by  the  combined  powers  of 
England,  France,  and  Spain.  When  the  "  Potomac" 
was  turned  into  a  store-ship  he  was  ordered  to  the  gun- 
boat "  Winona,"  of  the  West  Gulf  Blockading  Squadron, 
and,  after  several  months  of  service  in  the  Mississippi 
River,  was  ordered  to  the  steam-sloop  "  Monongahela," 
and  subsequently  to  the  steam-sloop  "  Richmond."  He 
was  engaged  in  several  operations  with  field-batteries  in 
the  river,  and  subsequently  in  all  the  engagements  which 
led  to  the  capture  of  Port  Hudson,  in  Louisiana,  from 
March  16  to  July  9,  1863.  He  was  engaged  in  several 
skirmishes,  and  in  cutting  out,  under  heavy  fire,  two 
schooners  engaged  in  supplying  the  rebels. 

He  was  commissioned  as  lieutenant  on  Jul)-  18,  1862, — 
only  two  years  after  leaving  the  Naval  Academy.  From 
1864  to  1866  he  was  attached  to  the  steam-gun-boat 
"  Wateree,"  as  executive-officer,  in  the  Pacific  Squadron, 
and  suppressed  an  insurrection  among  the  Chinese  coolies 
on  the  Chincha  Islands  in  1864.  In  1865  he  landed 
with  one  hundred  men  at  La  Union,  San  Salvador,  to 
protect  the  custom-house  and  U.  S.  Consulate  during  a 
revolution. 

He  was  commissioned  as  lieutenant-commander  in 
July,  1866,  and,  upon  his  return  from  the  Pacific,  was  or- 
dered to  the  U.  S.  Naval  Academy,  where  he  remained 
until  1869,  when  he  was  ordered  to  the  U.  S.  ship  "  Be- 
nicia,"  and  served  in  her  on  the  Asiatic  Station  until  [872. 
He  was  present  at  and  participated  in  the  attack  upon 
and  complete  overthrow  of  the  forces  defending  the  forts 
on  the  Salee  River,  in  Corea,  in  1 871,  when  Lieutenant 
Hugh  McKee  was  killed  at  his  side.  After  his  return  to 
the  United  States  in  the  fall  of  1872  he  was  ordered 
to  the  Naval  Academy  as  head  of  the  Department  of 
Modern   Languages. 

He  was  commissioned  a  commander  in  1874,  and  was 
ordered  to  command  the  U.  S.  ship  "  Essex"  in  1876, 
and  served  in  her  on  the   North  Atlantic,  West  Coast  of 


Africa,  and  South  Atlantic  Stations  until  1S79.  He  was 
inspector  of  the  Second  Light-House  District  at  Boston 
from  1880  to  1883,  when  he  was  ordered  to  the  Bureau 
of  Equipment  and  Recruiting  at  Washington. 

When  the  "  Greely  Relief  Expedition"  was  organized 
in  1884,  he  was  sent  in  command  of  it  to  the  North 
Polar  regions,  and  rescued  Lieutenant  Greely  and  six 
survivors  at  Cape  Sabine  and  brought  them  home  with 
great  promptitude.  Partly  as  a  reward  for  this  service 
he  was  promoted  by  President  Arthur  to  chief  of  the 
Bureau  of  Equipment  and  Recruiting  in  the  Navy  De- 
partment, where  he  served  until  188S,  when  he  was  reap- 
pointed to  the  same  position  by  President  Cleveland,  and 
resigned  the  position  in  1889.  While  in  the  bureau  he 
was  promoted  to  captain,  and  in  leaving  this  position 
he  was  ordered  the  same  year  to  command  the  new 
cruiser  "  Baltimore,"  and  served  with  her  in  the  North 
Atlantic,  European,  and  South  Pacific  Stations. 

During  his  command  of  the  "  Baltimore,"  he  carried 
back  to  Stockholm,  Sweden,  the  remains  of  the  late  John 
Ericsson,  the  distinguished  inventor  of  the  "  Monitor." 
He  was  in  command  of  the  "Baltimore' 
complications  and  troubles  at  Valparaiso 
I 891. 

He  is  at  present  on  light-house  duty  as  inspector  of  the 
Third  Light-House  District  at  Tompkinsville,  New  York. 
Captain  Schley  has  received  two  gold  medals  for  his  ser- 
vices, and  from  his  native  State,  Maryland,  a  gold  chro- 
nometer watch  for  services  in  the  expedition  which  found 
and  rescued  Lieutenant  Greely  and  the  survivors  of  the 
"  Lady  Franklin  Bay"  in  the  Polar  regions. 


during   the 


Chili, 


368 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  {regular) 


MAJOR-GENERAL  JOHN  M.  SCHOFIELD,  U.S.A. 

Major-General  John  M.  Schofield  (commanding 
the  army)  was  born  in  New  York  September  29,  1831, 
and  graduated  at  the  Military  Academy  July  1,  1853. 
He  was  promoted  brevet  second  lieutenant  of  artillery 
the  same  day,  and  second  lieutenant  First  Artillery, 
August  31,  1853.  He  served  at  Fort  Moultrie  in  1853, 
and  in  Florida  in  1854-55,  as  acting  assistant  professor 
of  philosophy,  and  assistant  professor  of  the  same  at 
the  Military  Academy  from  1856  to  i860.  He  was  on 
leave  of  absence  as  professor  of  physics,  at  Washington 
University,  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  in  1860-61,  and  when 
the  war  of  the  Rebellion  commenced  was  made  muster- 
ing officer  for  the  State  of  Missouri,  from  April  20  to 
May  20,  1 861.  He  was  major  of  the  First  Missouri  In- 
fantry, April  26;  captain,  First  U.  S.  Artillery,  May  14; 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers,  November  21  ;  brigadier- 
general  of  Missouri  State  Militia,  November  26,  1861  ; 
and  major-general  U.  S.  Volunteers,'  November  29, 
1862. 

He  joined  our  forces  near  Fredericktown,  Missouri  ; 
organized  and  equipped  a  batten',  and  took-  part  in  the 
battle  of  Fredericktown,  October  21,  1861;  he  com- 
manded the  District  of  St.  Louis,  November  27,  1861, 
to  February,  1862,  and  District  of  Missouri  from  Feb- 
ruary 15  to  September  2<">,  1862,  and  organized  and  com- 
manded the  Missouri  State  Militia  during  this  period. 
I  Ie  was  member  of  the  Army  and  Navy  Board  to  examine 
the  condition  and  fitness  of  the  Mississippi  Gun  and  Mor- 
tar-boat Flotilla,  December  9  to  31,  1861  ;  from  Septem- 
ber, 1862,  to  April,  organized  1 863,  anil  commanded  the 
Army  of  the  Frontier,  in  Southwest  Missouri  and  North- 
west Arkansas,  forcing  the  Confederates  south  of  the 
Arkansas  River;  in  command  of  the  Third  Division, 
Fourteenth  Army  Corps,  Arm}'  of  the  Cumberland, 
April   20  to  May  13,  1863;   in  command  of  the  Depart- 


ment of  the  Missouri  [ex-officio  major-general,  command- 
ing Missouri  State  Militia),  May  13,  1863,  to  January  31, 

1864,  during  which  time  the  forces  under  his  command 
operated  with  success  in  Missouri  and  Arkansas  as  far 
south  as  Little  Rock.  He  commanded  the  Depart- 
ment and  Army  of  the  Ohio,  January  31,  1864,  to 
January  29,  1865,  forming  the  left  wing  of  General 
Sherman's  army  (opposing  Johnston),  participating  in  all 
the  operations  and  movements  thereof,  including  the  At- 
lanta campaign.  In  October,  1864,  he  was  sent  with  the 
Twenty-third  Corps  to  report  to  General  Thomas,  at 
Nashville,  Tennessee,  and  commanded  the  troops  in  the 
field  opposed  to  the  Confederate  General  Hood,  from 
November  13  to  December  I,  1864,  including  the  battle 
of  Franklin,  November  30.  In  the  decisive  victor}- 
gained  by  General  Thomas  near  Nashville,  December 
1  5-16,  General  Schofield  participated  with  the  Twenty- 
third  Army  Corps  ;  in  pursuit  of  the  army  under  General 
Hood,  to  January  14,  1865.  At  this  time  the  Twenty- 
third  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  Ohio,  General  Schofield 
commanding,  was  transported  from  Clifton,  Tennessee, 
to  Washington,  D.  C,  and  transferred  to  North  Carolina 
by  the  8th  of  February,  1S65.  Commanded  the  Depart- 
ment of  North  Carolina  and  Army  of  the  Ohio,  February 
8,  1S65,  forming  a  junction  with  General  Sherman  at 
Goldsborough,  March  22,  1865  ;  present  at  Durham's 
Station,  North  Carolina,  April  26,  1865,  and  intrusted 
with  the  execution  of  the  terms  of  capitulation  of  John- 
ston's arm}-. 

General  Schofield  was  appointed  brigadier-general 
U.  S.  Army  November  30,  1864,  and  brevetted  major- 
general  March  13,  1865,  and  on  the  4th  of  March, 
1869,  was  advanced  to  the  grade  of  major-general  U.  S. 
Army. 

He  was  sent  on  special  mission  to  Europe,  November, 

1865,  to  May,  1866,  and  successively  commanded  the 
Department  of  the  Potomac,  Richmond,  Virginia,  the 
First  Military  District  (State  of  Virginia),  and  was  Sec- 
retary of  War  from  June  1,  1868,  to  March  11,  1869. 
He  commanded  the  I  >epartment  of  the  Missouri,  and 
the  Military  Division  of  the  Pacific  until  Jul}-,  1S76;  was 
on  special  mission  to  the  Hawaiian  Islands,  December 
30,  1872,  to  April,  1873;  superintendent  I'.  S.  Military 
Academy,  July,  1876,  to  January  21,  1881  ;  in  command 
of  the  Military  Division  of  the  Gulf,  which  was  discon- 
tinued May  9,  1S81,  and  General  Schofield  then  spent  a 
year  in  travel  in  Europe.  He  then  commanded  the  Mil- 
itary Division  of  the  Pacific,  the  Division  of  the  Mis- 
souri, and  the  Division  of  the  Atlantic,  and  was  then 
assigned  to  the  command  of  the  arm}-  of  the  United 
States,  by  order  of  the  President,  August  14,  1888.  He 
is  at  present  in  command,  and  president  of  Board  of 
Ordnance  and  Fortifications,  created  by  Act  of  Congress, 
approved  September  22,  188S. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


369 


LIEUTENANT-GENERAL   WINFIELD  SCOTT,  U.S.A. 
(deceased). 

Lieutenant-General  Winfield  Scot t  was  born  near 
Petersburg,  Virginia,  June  13,  1786,  the  grandson  of  a 
Scottish  refugee  from  the  field  of  Culloden.  He  was  a 
student  at  William  and  Mary  College  in  1S05,  ami  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  at  Richmond,  Virginia,  in  1807. 
One  of  the  sudden  war  excitements  of  the  time  changed 
the  course  of  his  life,  and  he  obtained  a  captain's  com- 
mission in  the  United  States  Army  in  1808.  He  served 
on  the  Niagara  frontier  throughout  the  war  of  181 2-1 5, 
and  became  one  of  its  leading  figures,  rising  rapidly 
through  all  the  grades  of  the  service,  to  that  of  major- 
general,  which  was  then  the  highest.  Among  other 
curious  testimonials  to  his  valor  and  conduct,  he  received 
from  Princeton  College,  in  1814,  the  honorary  degree  of 
Doctor  of  Laws,  a  distinction  on  which  he  never  ceased 
to  look  with  peculiar  satisfaction.  In  1841  he  became 
the  senior  major-general  of  the  army,  and  in  1855,  after 
he  had  passed  out  of  political  life,  the  exceptional  grade 
of  lieutenant-general  was  created  for  him.  His  must 
noti  worthy  military  achievement  was  his  conduct  of  the 
main  campaign  against  Mexico  in  i  847.  Landing  (March 
9)  at  Vera  Cruz  with  but  five  thousand  five  hundred  men, 
he  fought  his  way  through  a  hostile  country  to  the  capital 
city  of  Mexico,  which  he  captured  September  14,  thereby 
practically  ending  the  war.  His  service,  however,  was 
not  confined  to  the  army ;  from  1S15  until  1  SO  1  he  was 
the  most  continuously  prominent  public  man  of  the 
country,  receiving  and  justifying  every  mark  of  public 
confidence  in  his  integrity,  tact,  and  reasonableness.  At 
a  time  (1823)  when  duelling  was  almost  an  imperative 
duty  of  an  officer,  he  resisted  successfully  the  persistent 
efforts  of  a  brother-officer  (Andrew  Jackson)  to  force 
him  into  combat ;  and  the  simple  rectitude  of  his  inten- 
tions was  so  evident,  that  he  lost  no  ground  in  public 
estimation.  In  1832,  when  ordered  to  Charleston  by 
President  Jackson  during  the  "  nullification"  troubles,  he 
secured  even-  advantage  for  the  government,  while  his 
skilful  and  judicious  conduct  gave  no  occasion  to  South 
Carolina  for  an  outbreak.     In  like  manner,  in  the  Black 


Hawk    Indian    troubles    of    1832- 


in   the    Canadian 


"Patriot  War"  of  1837-38;  in  the  boundary  dispute 
of  1838  between  Maine  and  New  Brunswick  ;  in  the  San 
Juan  difficulty  in  1859, — wherever  there  was  imminent 
danger  of  war  and  a  strong  desire  to  keep  the  peace,  all 
thoughts  turned  instinctively  to  Scott  as  a  fit  instrument 


of  an  amicable  settlement,  and  his  success  always  justi- 
fied the  course.  Such  a  career  seemed  a  gateway  to 
political  preferment,  and  his  position  was  strengthened  by 
the  notorious  fact  that,  as  he  was  a  Whig,  the  Democratic 
administration  had  persistently  tried  to  subordinate  his 
claims  to  those  of  officers  of  its  own  part)'.  In  1852  his 
party  nominated  him  for  the  Presidency;  but,  though  his 
services  had  been  so  great,  and  his  capacity  and  integ- 
rity were  beyond  question,  he  had  other  qualities  which 
counted  against  him.  He  was  easily  betrayed  into  the 
most  egregious  blunders  of  speech  and  action,  which, 
drawing  additional  zest  from  his  portly  and  massive  form 
and  a  somewhat  pompous  ceremoniousness  of  manner, 
destroyed  his  chances  of  election  in  the  North.  The 
Southern  Whigs,  believing  him  to  be  under  the  influence 
of  the  Seward  or  anti-slavery  wing  of  the  party,  cast  no 
strong  vote  for  him,  and  he  was  overwhelmingly  defeated 
in  both  sections,  completing  the  final  overthrow  of  his 
party.  In  1861  he  remained  at  the  head  of  the  United 
States  armies,  in  spite  of  the  secession  of  his  State,  until 
November,  when  he  retired  on  account  of  old  age  and 
infirmities.  After  travelling  for  a  time  in  Europe,  he  pub- 
lished, in  1864,  his  autobiography,  a  work  which  reveals 
the  strong  and  weak  points  of  his  character, — his  integ- 
rity and  complete  honesty  of  purpose,  his  inclination  to 
personal  vanity,  his  rigid  precision  in  every  point  of 
military  precedent  and  etiquette,  and  his  laborious  affec- 
tation of  an  intimate  acquaintance  with  belles-lettres. 
He  died  at  West  Point,  New  York,  May  29,  1866. 


47 


370 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  ARMY  AND  XAVY  (regular 


MAJOR    AND   BRHYHT  COLONFL   JAMES   WALL 
SCULLY.  U.S.A. 

Major  and  Brevet  Colonel  James  Wall  Scully 
(Quartermaster's  Department)  was  born  in  Ireland,  Feb- 
ruary 19,  1837,  °f  the  Tipperary  family  of  Scullys,  who 
have  been  members  of  the  British  House  of  Commons 
for  man_\'  years. 

An  ancestor,  Captain  James  Cantwell  (cavalry),  served 
in  the  British  army  in  the  war  of  the  American  Revolu- 
tion, and  another,  Captain  Joseph  Cairns  (infantry),  served 
on  the  American  side  in  the  same  war. 

From  his  seventh  to  tenth  year  he  was  a  student  at 
Saint  Kieran's  College,  in  Kilkenny;  came  to  the  United 
States  in  1N4N,  and  attended  school  at,  Albany,  New 
York.  He  left  school  and  enlisted  in  the  U.  S.  Cavalry, 
and  was  attached  to  the  "  permanent  party"  at  Carlisle 
Barracks,  Pennsylvania,  and  in  February,  1S57,  he  was 
transferred  to  Light  Battery  K,  First  Artillery.  He 
served  on  the  Texas  frontier  until  the  breaking  out  of 
the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  when  he  marched  with  his 
battery  from  Fort  Duncan,  Texas,  to  Brazos  Santiago, 
in  February,  1861,  being  part  of  the  command  that 
refused  to  surrender  to  the  rebels  under  the  orders  of 
General  Twiggs.  He  commanded  the  detachment  that 
hauled  down  the  rebel  flags  from  the  court-house  and 
other  buildings  at  Key  West,  Florida,  in  1861.      He  was 


discharged,  on  account  of  expiration  of  term  of  service, 
September  20,  1861. 

He  entered  the  volunteer  service  as  first  lieutenant  and 
regimental  quartermaster  of  the  Tenth  Tennessee  Infan- 
try July  14,  [862;  was  appointed  lieutenant-colonel  Au- 
gust 21,  1863,  and  promoted  colonel  June  6,  1864.  He 
served  with  his  regiment  in  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland, 
commanding  regiment  and  troops  on  Nashville  and  N. 
W.  Railroad  t'  >  June.  [864;  special  service  with  regiment 
and  disbursing  officer  of  quartermaster  and  commissary 
departments  of  expedition  against  General  Morgan  in 
Tennessee.  He  was  aide-de-camp  to  General  George  H. 
Thomas  in  the  Mill  Spring  and  Shiloh  campaigns,  and 
was  second  in  command  to  General  A.  C.  Gillcm  in  the 
campaign  against  the  rebel  General  John  H.  Morgan 
when  that  officer  was  killed. 

Colonel  Scull}-  was  quartermaster-general  of  the  State 
of  Tennessee  from  August  to  November,  1S64,  and  com- 
manded his  regiment  in  the  field.  He  was  honorably 
mustered  out  May  25,  1865,  and  was  appointed  captain 
and  assistant  quartermaster  of  volunteers  September  2;, 
(865,  and  two  days  later  appointed  to  the  same  office  in 
the  regular  service.  He  was  made  brevet  major  Septem- 
ber 27,  1865,  for  "gallant  and  meritorious  services  in 
the  battle  of  Mill  Spring,  Kentucky;"  lieutenant-colonel 
September  2j ,  1865,  for  "  gallant  and  meritorious  services 
in  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  Tennessee  ;"  colonel  September  27, 
1865,  fir  "gallant  and  meritorious  sen-ices  in  the  battle 
of  Nashville,  Tennesse." 

Colonel  Scully  served  as  depot  quartermaster,  Natchez, 
Mississippi,  from  January  to  May,  1S66;  depot  quarter- 
master, Vicksburg,  Mississippi,  to  June,  1S67;  inspector 
of  the  Freedmen's  Bureau,  State  of  Mississippi,  from 
December,  1867,  to  February,  1868;  depot  quartermaster, 
Vicksburg,  Mississippi,  to  March,  1S69;  inspecting  duty 
in  Texas  from  April  to  July,  1869;  depot  and  post  quar- 
termaster, Corpus  Christi,  Texas,  to  June,  1870;  Ring- 
gold Barracks,  Texas,  August,  1871  ;  Sioux  City,  Iowa, 
December,  1S71,  to  April,  1872;  Fort  Rice,  Dakota, 
1872  to  1878;  Camp  Thomas,  Arizona  Territory,  from 
1879  to  [882;  Fort  Adams,  [883;  and  at  various  other 
stations  till  1890;  present  station,  Atlanta,  Georgia. 

He  was  promoted  major  in  the  Quartermaster's  De- 
partment January  25,  1883. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


3/i 


CAPTAIN   CLINTON  B.   SEARS,   U.S.A. 

Captain  Clinton  B.  Sears  (Engineer  Corps)  was 
born  in  New  York  June  2,  1S44,  and  graduated  at  the 
Military  Academy  June  17,  1867,  and  promoted  first 
lieutenant  the  same  day.  He  entered  the  volunteer 
service  as  private  of  Company  G,  Ninety-fifth  Ohio 
Infantry,  July  24,  1862,  and  was  promoted  corporal  sub- 
sequently. 

He  participated  in  Buell's  campaign  after  Bragg, 
and  in  the  Stone  River  campaign,  where  he  was  on 
detached  duty.  He  rejoined  his  regiment  in  February, 
1863,  at  Memphis,  Tennessee,  and  participated  in  the 
Vicksburg  campaign,  and  in  several  minor  actions,  having 
been  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Richmond,  Kentucky ; 
battle  of  Perryville,  Kentucky  ;  both  assaults  on  Vicks- 
burg, Mississippi,  and  two  attacks  on  Jackson,  Missis- 
sippi. He  was  honorably  mentioned  in  general  orders 
from  the  head-quarters  of  his  regiment,  and  "  specially 
commended  for  gallantry  in  volunteering  to  carry  the 
regimental  colors,"  and  was  appointed  color-sergeant 
April  25,  1863. 

He  has  meritorious  mention  by  name  in  General  Or- 
der No.  66,  1863,  head-quarters  Fifteenth  Army  Corps, 
and  recommended  to  the  Secretary  of  War  for  appoint- 
ment as  cadet  at  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy.  He  was 
recommended  for  the  same  position,  also,  by  Generals 
Grant  and  Sherman,  and  was  so  appointed  September 
16,  1863. 

After  graduating  in  1867,  he  was  promoted  first  lieu- 
tenant of  the  U.  S.  Corps  of  Engineers,  and  was  detailed 
as  assistant  instructor  of  artillery  tactics  and  practical 
military  engineering  at  the  Military  Academy  from  July 
5  to  August  31,  1867,  when  he  was  placed  on  duty  with 
the  Engineer  Battalion  to  February  1,  1869;  then  was 
assistant  instructor  of  practical  military  engineering, 
signalling,  and  telegraphy  at  the  Military  Academy  to 
February  I,  1870. 

He  then  entered  upon  regular  engineering  duty,  as 
assistant  engineer  on  Lake  Erie  harbor  improvements, 
to  March  23,  1870;  engineer  officer  on  the  general  staff, 
Military  Division  of  the  Pacific,  to  July  21,  1870;  chief 
engineer  on  staff  of  General  Canby,  Department  of  the 
Columbia,  to  May  6,  1871  ;  assistant  engineer  on  the 
defences  of  San  Francisco  harbor  to  August  14,  1S71; 
executive  engineer  in  charge  of  improvement  of  Wil- 
mington harbor,  California,  to  September  3,  1875  ;  tem- 
porarily detached,  February,  1S73,  to  make  a  survey  for 
the  improvement  of  Estero  Bay,  at  Moro,  California  ; 
on  leave  October  1,  1875,  to  January  1,  1876;  assistant 
engineer  defences  of  Boston  harbor  to  August  28,  1876; 
at  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy  as  principal  assistant  pro- 
fessor of  civil  and  military  engineering  to  August  25, 
1877;  principal  assistant  professor  of  geography,  history, 
and  ethics,  to  July  1,  1878;  and  principal  assistant  pro- 


fessor of  natural  and  experimental  philosophy  and  as- 
tronomy to  April  13,  1882;  also  during  the  last  year 
in  charge  of  the  construction  of  the  new  Astronomical 
Observatory  at  West  Point ;  executive-officer  Construc- 
tion Department,  Mississippi  River  Commission,  with 
station  at  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  from  April,  1 882,  to  April, 
1SS4;  in  charge  of  Third  District,  improving  Mississippi 
River,  with  station  at  Vicksburg,  Mississippi,  and  after- 
wards at  Memphis,  Tennessee,  to  May  14,  1886;  tem- 
porarily in  charge  of  the  Second  District  from  August 
31,  1884,  to  March  10,  1885  ;  and  of  the  First  and  Second 
Districts  from  July  6  to  October  6,  1885  ;  on  leave  of 
absence  to  September  14,  1886  ;  in  charge  of  the  improve- 
ment of  Upper  Missouri  and  Yellowstone  Rivers,  and 
from  March  28,  1887,  of  the  improvement  of  roads  and 
bridges,  Yellowstone  National  Park,  to  April  16,  1S88, 
with  station  at  Bismarck,  Dakota  Territory,  and  after- 
wards at  St.  Paul,  Minnesota;  assistant  to  the  chief  of 
engineers  in  charge  of  the  First  and  Second  Division  of 
the  office  at  Washington,  D.  C,  to  June  18,  1890.  On 
duty  with  the  Battalion  of  Engineers,  in  command  of 
Company  A,  and  instructor  of  submarine  mining,  U.  S. 
Engineer  School,  Willet's  Point,  New  York,  at  the  present 
time  ;  on  special  duty  in  June,  1889,  at  Johnstown,  Penn- 
sylvania, in  charge  of  construction  of  pontoon  bridges  in 
aid  of  the  survivors  of  the  great  flood.  He  was  promoted 
captain  April  9,  1880. 

Captain  Sears  is  the  author  of  "  Principles  of  Tidal 
Harbor  Improvements"  and  "  Ransom  Genealogy."  He 
is  a  member  of  the  New  York  Society  of  the  Sons  of 
the  Revolution  and  D.  C.  Society  Sons  of  the  American 
Revolution,  and  of  the  American  Institute  of  Civics  ; 
Fellow  National  Academy  of  Design;  member  Mili- 
tary Order  Loyal  Legion,  U.  S. ;  honorary  degrees  of 
A.  B.  from  Ohio  Western  University,  1881  ;  of  A.  M., 
1  8S4. 


-V- 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  {regular) 


CAPTAIN    FRANCIS   W.   SEELEY,  U.S.A. 

Captain  Francis  W.  Seeley  entered  the  regular  army 
February  15,  1855,  as  private  in  Batten-  E,  Third  Artil- 
lery, and  was  promoted  brevet  second  lieutenant  Third 
Artillery  September  19,  i860;  second  lieutenant  Fourth 
Artillery  February  4,  1861  ;  first  lieutenant  Fourth  Artil- 
lery May  14,  [861,  and  captain  Fourth  Artillery  July  11, 
1864.  lie  was  on  duty  in  the  Adjutant-General's  Office 
from  February  21  to  March,  1 86 1,  and  joined  Battery  II, 
Second  Artillery,  April  1,  serving  with  it  at  Washington, 
D.  C,  to  April  5,  1 861,  when  ordered  to  Fort  Pickens, 
Florida.  Mere  the  lieutenant  served  as  adjutant-general 
of  the  department,  under  Col.  Harvey  Broun,  from  July, 
1  Shi,  to  |an.  18,  1862,  and  was  present  at  the  action  of 
Santa  Rosa  Island,  Florida,  and  bombardments  of  Forts 
McRae  and  Barrancas,  Now  22,  1861,  and  Jan.  1,  1862. 

He  then  left  to  join  his  own  batten-  and  regiment, 
which  he  served  with  at  Washington  City  to  March 
10,  when  he  took  the  field  with  the  Army  of  the  Po- 
tomac, participating  in  the  siege  of  Yorktown,  Virginia; 
Oak  Grove,  Virginia;  Malvern  Hill,  Virginia  (July  1, 
[862);  Malvern  Hill  (August  5,  1862);  Fredericksburg, 
Virginia;  Chancellorsville,  Virginia,  and  Gettysburg, 
Pennsylvania  (where  he  was  twice  wounded), — having 
commanded  his  battery  in  all  the  above  engagements. 
(  )n  account  of  his  wounds,  Lieutenant  Seeley  was  forced 
to  leave  the  held  until  August  15,  1863,  when  he  rejoined 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac  and  commanded  his  battery  to 
October  1.  1863.  He  was  appointed  regimental  quarter- 
master, ami  reported  at  Fort  Washington,  Md.,  remain- 
ing on  duty  there  until  he  resigned,  August  31,  1 81 '4. 

The  following  is  an  extract  from  the  Report  of  the 
Congressional  Committee  on  the  Conduct  of  the  War: 

"...  At  the  conclusion  of  the  battle  of  Sunday, 
Captain  Seeley's  batten-,  which  was  the  last  battery  that 
fired  a  shot   in   the  battle  of  Chancellorsville,  had  forty- 


five  horses  killed,  and  in  the  neighborhood  of  forty 
men  killed  and  wounded  ;  but  being  a  soldier  of  great 
pride  and  ambition,  and  not  wishing  to  leave  any  of  his 
material  in  the  hands  of  the  enemy,  he  withdrew  so 
entirely  at  his  leisure  that  he  carried  off  all  the  harness 
from  his  dead  horses,  loading  his  cannoneers  with  it; 
he  even  took  a  part  of  a  set  of  harness  on  his  own  arm, 
and  so  moved  to  the  rear.  ..." 

And  from  an  extract  from  the  official  report  of  Major- 
General  Humphreys  on  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  and 
referring  to  the  occasion  of  Longstreet's  attack  : 

"  Seeley's  batten- (  K,  Fourth  U.  S.  Artillery)  was  placed 
at  my  disposal.  .  .  .  The  firing  of  Seeley's  battery  was 
splendid,  and  excited  my  admiration,  as  well  as  that  of 
even- officer  who  beheld  it.  His  loss  in  men  and  horses 
was  heavy, — including  himself,  severely  wounded." 

In  Walker's  "  History  of  the  Second  Army  Corps"  his 
batter_\-  is  mentioned  in  most  favorable  terms  (referring 
to  Malvern  Hill):  "The  regular  batteries  of  Kings- 
bur)-,  Seeley,  and  Ames,  and  the  volunteer  battery  of 
Weeden,  far  surpassed  the  ordinary  achievements  of 
artillery;  they  fairly  smashed  the  artillery  which  the 
Confederates  sought  to  bring  into  action;  battery  after 
battery,  on  that  side,  was  driven  from  the  field,  with- 
out being  able  to  get  a  single  shot  out  of  one  of  their 
guns;  while  upon  the  daring  infantry  lines  which  pressed 
forward  in  the  hope  of  carrying  the  crest  they  rained  a 
fire  which,  for  destructiveness,  has  seldom,  if  ever,  been 
exceeded  in  the  history  of  the  war."  In  regard  to  Chan- 
cellorsville: "One  of  General  Sickles's  batteries,  K,  of 
the  4th  U.  S.,  holds  its  post  after  all  the  infantry  has 
passed  to  the  rear,  exchanging  fire  with  the  advancing 
enemy  ;  only  when  these  are  close  upon  his  guns  does  the 
gallant  commander,  Seeley,  condescend  to  retire,  carrying 
along  everything  that  might  serve  the  enemy  as  a  trophy" 

In  "  Historical  Sketches  of  the  U.  S.  Army,"  the  his- 
torian writes  of  his  battery  as  follows:  "  May  3  it  fought 
at  Chancellorsville,  losing  Lieutenant  I.  Arnold  (Ord- 
nance Department,  attached),  wounded,  ami  forty-four 
men  and  fifty-nine  horses  killed  and  wounded.  It  was  in 
this  battle,  on  the  height  at  Fairview,  at  the  extreme  left 
of  the  crest,  while  under  the  most  terrific  fire,  that  K 
Batten-  won  the  admiration  of  all  who  beheld  it;  anil  its 
record  at  Chancellorsville  under  Lieutenant  F.  W.  Seeley, 
that  prince  of  battery  commanders,  must  always  form  one 
of  the  brightest  pages  hi  the  history  of  our  light  artillery. 
Its  work  may  be  equalled,  but  it  cannot  be  surpassed." 

Captain  Seeley  resigned  Aug.  31,  1864,  on  account  of 
physical  disability  resulting  from  wounds,  since  which  time 
he  has  been  a  resident  of  Minn.,  in  which  State  he  has 
held  prominent  civil  positions,  and  has  served  one  term  as 
adjutant-general,  with  the  rank  of  brigadier-general.  lie 
was  recommended  for  several  brevets,  but  his  early  sep- 
aration from  the  service  prevented  action  on  them. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


5/5 


CAPTAIN  T.  O.  SELFRIDGE,  JR.,  U.S.N. 

Captain  T.  O.  Selfridge,  Jr.,  was  born  in  Boston, 
Mass.;  he  entered  the  Naval  Academy  in  October,  185 1, 
and  graduated  in  June,  1853,  at  the  head  of  his  class. 
Was  the  first  naval  officer  to  receive  a  diploma  of  grad- 
uation under  the  present  organization  of  the  Naval 
Academy.  Served  in  the  Pacific  on  board  the  "  Inde- 
pendence." Promoted  passed  midshipman,  November, 
1856.  On  coast  survey,  anil  master  of  the  "  Vincennes," 
coast  of  Africa,  until  April,  1S60.  He  had  been  com- 
missioned lieutenant,  February,  i860.  Ordered  to  flag- 
ship "Cumberland,"  of  the  Home  Squadron,  he  was 
present  at  the  destruction  of  the  Norfolk  Navy- Yard  in 
April,  1S61  ;  the  bombardment  and  capture  of  the  I  lat- 
teras  forts  in  September,  1861.  Volunteered  for  the 
command  of  a  cutting-out  expedition  from  the  "  Cum- 
berland," at  Newport  News,  February,  1862.  Second 
lieutenant  of  the  "  Cumberland,"  and  in  command  of 
gun-deck  battery,  when  that  vessel  went  down,  with  her 
flag  flying.  Me  jumped  from  a  port,  and  swam  to  a 
boat.  Ordered  to  command  the  "  Monitor,"  after  Cap- 
inn  Worden  was  wounded.  Then  served  as  flag-lieu- 
tenant of  the  North  Atlantic  licet.  Present  at  recapture 
of  Norfolk,  and  the  destruction  of  defences  in  Virginia 
waters.  Volunteered  for  service  in  a  submarine  torpedo- 
boat  which  proved  a  failure  for  want  of  speed.  Was 
next  ordered  to  the  "  .Mississippi,"  having  been  commis- 
sioned lieutenant-commander  in  Jul)-,  1862.  Commanded 
the  iron-clad  "  Cairo,"  and,  while  in  command  of  a  flotilla 
of  gun-boats,  forcing  the  passage  of  the  Yazoo,  was 
blown  up  by  a  torpedo.  Then  commanded  the  gun- 
boats "  Conestoga"  and  "  Manitou."  Commanded  a 
battery  at  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  with  guns  and  men 
from  the  "  Manitou."  After  capture  of  Vicksburg  com- 
manded flotilla  of  gun-boats  in  the  Red  and  Teiwis 
Rivers.  While  in  the  "  Conestoga,"  had  many  engage- 
ments, and  was  sunk,  .March  S,  [863,  in  that  vessel,  by 
collision  with  rebel  ram,  "  General  Price."  Commanded 
the  iron-clad  "  Osage,"  in  the  Red  River  expedition.  On 
its  return  brought  up  the  rear,  and,  in  company  with 
"  Lexington,"  while  aground,  was  attacked  by  a  battery 
and  a  brigade  of  dismounted  cavalry,  but  defeated  them, 
with  loss  of  their  general  and  four  hundred  men.  Then 
commanded  "Vindicator,"  and  the  Fifth  Division  of  the 
Mississippi  fleet.  When  Admiral  Porter  was  ordered  to 
the  East,  Lieutenant-Commander  Selfridge  was  one  of 
the  officers  selected  to  accompany  him,  and  was  assigned 
to  the  command  of  the  gun-boat  "  Huron,"  in  which  he- 
took  part  in  both  bombardments  of  Fort  Fisher,  and 
volunteered  for  and  commanded  the  third  division  of 
the  assaulting  columns  of  seamen  and  marines.  Took 
part  in  the  bombardment  of  Fort  Anderson,  and  the 
subsequent  capture  of  Wilmington,  lie  was  three  times 
recommended   for   promotion    by   Admiral    Porter,   and 


was  selected  for  a  promotion  of  thirty  numbers  by  the 
Board  of  Admirals  assembled  at  Washington,  at  the 
(lose  of  the  Civil  War.  lie  then  next  served  at  the 
Naval  Academy,  and  commanded  the  "Macedonian," 
in  the  practice  cruises  of  1867-68.  lie  then  went  to 
the  command  of  the  "  Nipsic,"  in  the  West  Indies. 
Commissioned  commander  in  December,  1X69.  Was  in 
charge  of  the  expedition  for  the  surveys  of  the  Isthmus 
of  Darien  in  1869,  having  four  vessels  under  his  com- 
mand,— "  ( ruard,"  "  Penobscot,"  "  Nyack,"  and  "  Resaca." 
These  important  surveys  continued  until  1 874.  Ex- 
plored and  reported  upon  all  the  country  south  of 
Panama  to  the  head-waters  of  the  Atrato  River,  in 
South  America.  After  home  service  at  Boston,  was 
selected  to  make  a  survey  of  the  Amazon  and  Madeira 
Rivers,  in  South  America.  He  ascended  these  rivers,  in 
the  "  Enterprise,"  thirteen  hundred  miles,  and  completed 
the  survey,  returning  to  the  United  States,  October,  1878. 
Commanded  the  "  Enterprise"  in  the  European  Squadron 
in  1879-80.  Was  invited  as  special  delegate  by  Ferdi- 
nand de  Lesseps  to  the  International  Canal  Congress 
at  Paris,  in  May,  1879.  Received  from  the  French  gov- 
ernment the  Decoration  of  the  Legion  of  Honor,  in 
recognition  of  the  work  performed  in  the  survey  of  the 
Isthmus  of  Darien,  and  was  made  an  honorary  member 
of  the  Royal  Geographical  Society  of  Belgium.  P'rom 
1880  to  1884  was  in  charge  of  the  Torpedo  Station  at 
Newport,  Rhode  Island;  captain,  1881.  Commanded 
"  Omaha,"  Asiatic  Squadron,  1885—87.  Was  tried  by 
court-martial  for  alleged  carelessness  and  neglect  of 
duty  in  conducting  target-practice  on  the  coast  of  Japan, 
and  wholly  and  honorably  acquitted  by  the  court,  June, 
1888. 

lie  was  a  member  of  Board  of  Inspection,  1889-90. 
Detailed  as  commandant  of  the  Boston  Navy- Yard,  June, 
1890. 


374 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  regular) 


CAPTAIN  R.  G.  SHAW.  U.S.A. 
Captain  R.  G.  Shaw  (First  Artillery)  was  born  in 
Rhode  Island,  J  Line  29,  1832.  He  entered  the  volunteer 
service,  early  in  the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  as  captain  of 
the  Third  Rhode  Island  Artillery,  August  27,  [861,  and 
participated  in  ( ieneralW.T.  Sherman's  Port  Royal,  South 
Carolina,  expedition  at  Hilton  Head  and  Bay  Point, 
South  Carolina,  in  command  of  Company  D,  Third  Rhode 
Island  Artillery,  and  was  engaged  in  the  operations  re- 
sulting in  the  capture  of  Morris  Island,  South  Carolina. 
I  [e  commanded  his  battery  in  the  assault  and  capture  of 
the  Confederate  batteries  on  the  lower  end  of  the  island. 


Captain  Shaw  commanded  the  30-pounder  siege 
battery  at  the  siege  of  Port  Wagner,  South  Carolina, 
and  commanded  the  same  battery  in  the  operations 
against  Fort  Gregg,  at  Cumming's  Point,  South  Carolina. 
He  commanded  Battery  "  Hayes"  (200-pounder  guns)  at 
the  siege  of  Fort  Sumter,  South  Carolina. 

After  the  capture  of  Fort  Wagner  by  the  Union 
forces,  he  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  latter 
battery,  which,  in  connection  with  other  Union  batteries, 
was  continuously  engaged  with  the  Confederate  batteries 
in  Charleston  harbor  until  the  date  of  the  capture  of  the 
city  by  General  W.  T.  Sherman's  army. 

Captain  Shaw  remained  in  command  of  Batter)'  Gregg 
until  January  13,  1864;  then  he  accepted  the  appointment 
of  major  of  the  Fourteenth  Rhode  Island  Artillery  (col- 
ored), and  took  command  of  the  second  battalion  of  that 
regiment  at  English  Turn,  Louisiana.  He  was  soon 
afterwards  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  troops  and 
post  of  Plaquemine,  Louisiana.  He  remained  in  com- 
mand of  that  post  and  military  district  until  the  close  of 
the  war.  He  was  honorably  mustered  out  of  the  volun- 
teer service  October  2,  1865. 

Captain  Shaw  entered  the  regular  service  as  second 
lieutenant  First  Artillery,  May,  1866,  and  was  brevetted 
captain  U.  S.  Army  for  "gallant  and  meritorious  services 
on  Morris  Island,  South  Carolina,"  March  2,  1867. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  July  28,  1866,  and 
captain  September  20,  1883.  He  has  served  continuously 
in  the  First  Artillery  since  date  of  appointment,  and  is  at 
present  on  duty  at  Fort  Hamilton,  New  York  harbor. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


575 


COLONEL  AND   BREVET   BRIGADIER-GENERAL 
OLIVER  L.  SHEPHERD,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Colonel  and  Brevet  Brigadier-General  Oliver 
L.  Shepherd  was  born  in  New  York,  and  graduated  at 
the  Military  Academy  July  i,  1840.  He  was  promoted 
brevet  second  lieutenant  Fourth  Infantry  the  same  day, 
second  lieutenant  Third  Infantry  October  2,  1S40,  and 
first  lieutenant  November  3,  1845.  He  served  at  Fort 
Gibson,  Indian  Territory,  1840-41  ;  in  the  Florida  War, 
[841-42  ;  at  Fort  Stansbury,  Florida,  1842-43  ;  at  Jeffer- 
son Barracks,  Missouri,  1843-44,  and  at  Fort  Jesup, 
Louisiana,  1844-45.  He  participated  in  the  military 
occupation  of  Texas,  and  in  the  war  with  Mexico,  and 
was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Palo  Alto,  May  8,  and 
Resaca  de  la  Palma,  May  9,  1846.  He  was  then  ordered 
on  recruiting  service,  but  rejoined  the  army  in  Mexico 
in  time  to  take  part  in  the  skirmish  at  the  National 
Bridge,  August  12;  Plan  del  Rio,  August  15  ;  Ocalaca, 
August  16;  battle  of  Contreras,  August  19-20;  battle  of 
Churubusco,  August  20;  storming  of  Chapultepec,  Sep- 
tember 13;  and  assault  and  capture  of  the  City  of 
Mexico,  September  13-14,  1847.  He  was  brevetted  cap- 
tain for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  in  the  battles  of 
Contreras  and  Churubusco,  and  major  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  conduct  in  the  battle  of  Chapultepec,  and 
was  promoted  captain  Third  Infantry,  December  I,  1847. 

After  the  war  with  Mexico  he  served  at  East  Pas- 
cagoula,  Mississippi,  and  San  Antonio,  Texas,  until  1849, 
when  he  marched  to  El  Paso,  and  was  then  stationed  at 
Fort  Bliss,  Texas,  Doiia  Ana,  Fort  Conrad,  Camp  Vigi- 
lance, Fort  Defiance,  and  Albuquerque,  New  Mexico, 
until  1856,  when  he  participated  in  a  scout  against 
Apache  Indians,  and  was  engaged  in  a  skirmish  on  the 
Sierra  del  Amagre,  New  Mexico,  in  March  of  that  year. 
He  wTas  at  Fort  Defiance  and  Albuquerque  until  1857, 
when  he  took  part  in  the  Gila  Expedition,  and  was 
engaged  in  a  skirmish  at  the  Canon  de  los  Muertos  Car- 
neros,  New  Mexico,  against  Mogollan  Indians,  May  24, 
1857.  He  was  again  stationed  at  P"ort  Defiance  in  1858 
-59,  and  participated  in  the  Navajo  Expedition  of  1859, 
returning  to  Fort  Defiance,  where  his  able  defence  of 
that  post  from  an  attack  of  Navajo  Indians  just  before 
daybreak,  April  30,  i860,  is  spoken  of  in  General  Scott's 
orders  of  that  year.  Subsequently  in  the  same  year  he 
marched  to  Texas,  and  occupied  stations  at  Forts  Clark 
and  Duncan,  until  early  in  1 86 1,  when  he  moved  to  Fort 
New  York. 

Captain  Shepherd  was  appointed  lieutenant-colonel 
Eighteenth  Infantry,  Ma)-  14,  1861,  serving  in  command 
of  a  battalion  of  the  Third  Infantry  during  May  and 
June,  1861.  He  was  then  on  mustering  duty  in  New 
York  City  to  December,  1S61,  when  he  participated  in 
the  Tennessee  and  Mississippi  campaign  of  the  Army 
of  the   Ohio,  being  engaged   in   the  advance   upon    and 


siege  of  Corinth,  Mississippi,  April  and  Ma)-,  1862,  rout- 
ing a  rebel  camp  May  I",  1862,  and  pursuit  to  Baldwin, 
Mississippi,  to  May  31,  1862.  He  then  participated  in 
Major-General  Buell's  movement  through  Alabama  and 
Tennessee,  to  Louisville,  Kentucky,  from  July  to  Sep- 
tember, 1862.  After  serving  as  a  member  of  a  court  of 
inquiry  at  Allegheny  Arsenal,  Pennsylvania,  in  October 
and  November,  he  participated  in  Major-General  Rose- 
crans's  Tennessee  campaign  with  the  Army  of  the 
Cumberland,  from  November,  1862,  to  April  17,  1863, 
commanding  the  brigade  of  regulars  in  the  battle  of 
Stone  River,  December  31,  1862. 

He  was  brevetted  colonel  May  17,  1862,  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  conduct  at  the  siege  of  Corinth,  Missis- 
sippi, and  promoted  colonel  of  the  Fifteenth  Infantry, 
January  21,  1863,  when  he  was  assigned  as  superintend- 
ent of  Regimental  Recruiting  Service  at  Fort  Adams, 
from  May  7,  1863,  to  February  13,  1866. 

Colonel  Shepherd  was  brevetted  brigadier-general 
U.S.  Army,  March  13,  1865,  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  at  the  battle  of  Stone  River,  Tennessee. 

At  the  close  of  the  war,  General  Shepherd  was  ordered 
to  Georgia,  and  served  in  command  of  his  regiment  in 
the  reconstruction  of  the  State  of  Alabama,  until  Decem- 
ber 31,  1867.  The  first  assembly  under  the  new  constitu- 
tion was  held  during  that  time.  He  was  then  on  leave 
of  absence  and  awaiting  orders  until  March  6,  1868, 
when  he  was  again  in  command  of  his  regiment  and  sub- 
district  of  Alabama  until  August  12,  and  the  post  of 
Marshall,  Texas,  to  September  3,  1868.  After  this  he 
was  awaiting  orders  before  Sub-Judiciary  Committee  of 
the  House  of  Representatives,  and  on  court  of  inquiry, 
until  1S69.  He  was  then  in  command  of  his  regiment  to 
Nov.  13,  1869,  and  on  leave  of  absence  to  Dec.  15,  1870, 
when  he  was  retired  from  active  service  on  his  own  ap- 
plication, after  thirty  consecutive  years  of  service. 


376 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NA  VY  (regular) 


GENERAL    PHILIP   HENRY   SHERIDAN,    U.S.A. 
(deceased). 

General  Philip  Henry  Sheridan  was  born  in  Al- 
bany, New  York,  in  March,  1831.  Jle  graduated  from 
the  U.  S.  Military  Academy  in  July,  1853.  He  was  ap- 
pointed brevet  second  lieutenant  of  the  Third  Infantry. 
After  serving  in  Kentucky,  Texas,  and  Oregon,  he  was 
made  second  lieutenant  of  the  Fourth  Infantry  November 
22,  1854,  first  lieutenant  March  I,  [861,  and  captain 
Thirteenth  Infantry  May  14,  1S61.  In  December  of  that 
year  was  chief  quartermaster  and  commissar)'  of  Armv 
of  Southwest  Missouri;  served  in  Mississippi  campaign 
from  April  to  September,  1862;  was  appointed  colonel 
of  the  Second  Michigan  Cavalry  May  20,  1862  ;  on  July 
1  was  sent  to  make  a  raid  on  Booneville,  Mississippi. 
He  did  excellent  service  in  pursuit  of  the  enemy  from 
Corinth  to  Baldwin,  and  in  man)-  skirmishes  during  July 
and  at  battle  of  Booneville.  Appointed  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers,  and  on  October  1  was  placed  in  command 
of  the  Eleventh  Division  of  the  Army  of  the  Ohio,  lie 
was  distinguished  for  his  services  at  Perryville  on  Octo- 
ber 8,  having  driven  back  the  enemy. 

Marched  with  army  to  relief  of  Nashville,  October  and 
November.  Was  placed  in  command  of  Arm)- of  Cum- 
berland, and  took  part  in  the  two  daws'  battle  of  Stone 
River,  December  31,  1S62,  and  January  3,  1863.  Divi- 
sion after  division  was  driven  back  by  Bragg's  arm)-  until 
Sheridan  was  reached,  and  the  fate  of  the  day  seemed  to 
be  in  his  hands.  He  resisted  vigorously,  then  advanced, 
and  drove  the  enemy  back  ;  held  the  overwhelming  force 
in  check,  and  retired  only  at  the  point  of  the  bayonet. 
This  brilliant  work  enabled  General  Rosecrans  to  form 
new  lines  in  harmony  with  his  overpowered  right.  He 
was  appointed  major-general  of  volunteers,  to  date  from 
December  31,  1862.  Was  with  army  crossing  Cum- 
berland   Mountains  and    Tennessee  River,  August  and 


September  6,  and  in  battle  of  Chickamauga,  September 
19  and  20.  At  this  battle  he  rendered  valuable  assistance 
to  General  Thomas,  when  a  gap  occurred  in  the  centre 
of  his  line  through  the  misconception  of  an  order.  Took 
part  in  the  battles  of  Lookout  Mountain  and  Missionary 
Ridge.  In  this  latter  action  he  first  attracted  the  atten- 
tion of  General  Grant,  who  saw  that  he  might  be  one  of 
his  most  useful  lieutenants  in  the  future. 

He  was  transferred  to  Virginia  by  Grant,  and  on  April 
4,  1864,  placed  in  command  of  Cavalry  Corps  of  Army 
of  Potomac,  all  the  cavalry  being  consolidated  to  form 
that  command.  lie  took  part  in  the  bloody  battle  of  the 
Wilderness,  May  5  and  6,  1864,  being  constantly  engaged 
in  raids  against  the  enemy's  flanks  and  rear.  His  fight 
at  Todd's  Tavern  was  an  important  aid  to  the  movements 
of  the  army,  and  his  capture  of  Spottsylvania  Court- 
House  added  to  his  reputation  for  dash  and  daring. 
Was  in  battle  of  Cold  Harbor,  on  Ma)-  31  and  June  3. 
After  cutting  the  Virginia  Central  and  Richmond  and 
Fredericksburg  Railroads,  capturing  five  hundred  pris- 
oners, he  joined  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  for  a  short 
period,  and  took  part  in  their  battles  till  the  end  of  Jul)-. 
In  August,  1  S64,  he  was  placed  in  command  of  the  Army 
ofthe  Shenandoah.  On  the  19th  of  September  Sheridan 
drove  Early's  army  through  Winchester  and  captured 
five  thousand  prisoners  and  \\\c  guns.  Early,  on  (  )cto- 
ber  19,  attacked  Sheridan's  arm)-.  They  gave  way,  and 
soon  the  whole  army  was  in  retreat.  Sheridan  had  been 
in  Washington,  and  at  this  juncture  had  just  returned  to 
Winchester,  twenty  miles  from  the  field.  Hearing  the 
sound  of  the  battle,  he  rode  rapidly  and  arrived  on  the 
field  at  ten  o'clock.  As  he  rode  up,  he  shouted,  "  E"ace 
the  other  way,  boys  ;  we  are  going  back."  A  succession 
of  attacks  was  made,  and  Early's  arm)-  was  driven  back- 
as  far  as  Mount  Jackson.  The  Confederates  lost  in  the 
campaign  sixteen  thousand  nine  hundred  anil  fifty-two 
killed  or  wounded  and  thirteen  thousand  prisoners.  Be- 
tween Feb.  2j  and  March  24,  1865,  he  conducted,  with 
ten  thousand  cavalry,  a  colossal  raid  from  Winchester 
to  Petersburg.  His  battle  of  Five  Forks  was  one  of  the 
most  brilliant  and  decisive  of  the  engagements  of  the  war, 
and  compelled  Lee's  evacuation  of  Petersburg  and  Rich- 
mond, leaving  in  Sheridan's  hands  six  thousand  prisoners. 

After  the  war  Sheridan  had  command  of  several  of 
the  departments.  In  1867  he  conducted  a  winter  cam- 
paign against  the  Indians.  In  1870  he  visited  Europe 
to  witness  the  Franco-Prussian  war.  On  the  retire- 
ment of  Sherman,  in  1883,  he  was  made  lieutenant-gen- 
eral. In  May,  1888,  while  he  was  ill,  President  Cleve- 
land signed  a  bill  commissioning  him  a  full  general,  and 
on  August  5,  1S88,  he  died.  Sheridan  never  was  de- 
feated, and  often  plucked  victory  out  of  the  jaws  of 
defeat,  lie  bore  the  nick-name  of"  Little  Phil;"  he  was 
below  middle  height,  and  very  powerfully  built. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


377 


GENERAL  WILLIAM  T.  SHERMAN.  U.S.A. 
(deceased). 

General  William  T.  Sherman  was  born  in  Ohio  Feb- 
ruary S,  1820,  and  graduated  from  the  Military  Acad- 
emy July  1,  1840.  He  was  promoted  second  lieutenant 
Third  Artillery  the  same  day,  and  first  lieutenant  Novem- 
ber 30,  1 84 1.  He  served  in  the  Florida  War,  1840-41  ; 
on  duty  in  various  Southern  States  and  in  Pennsylvania, 
1842-46;  on  breaking  out  of  war  with  Mexico  applied 
for  duty  in  the  field,  and  was  assigned  to  Company  F, 
Third  Artillery,  then  under  orders  for  California;  he  was 
bearer  of  despatches  from  General  Smith  to  War  Depart- 
ment, and,  after  six  months'  leave  of  absence,  joined  Com- 
pany C,  Third  Artillery,  at  Jefferson  Barracks,  Missouri. 
He  was  appointed  captain  and  commissary  of  subsistence 
September  27,  1850,  and  stationed  at  St.  Louis  and  New 
Orleans,  but  resigned  from  the  army  September  6,  1S53, 
and  entered  upon  a  civil  career  as  a  banker  in  San  Fran- 
cisco and  New  York  until  1857;  was  major-general  of 
California  Militia  in  1856;  counsellor-at-Iaw  at  Leaven- 
worth, Kansas,  1858-59;  superintendent  of  the  La.  State 
Seminary  of  Learning  and  Military  Academy,  1859-61. 

At  the  breaking  out  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  he 
was  reappointed  in  the  U.  S.  Army,  colonel  of  the  Thir- 
teenth Infantry,  May  14,  1861,  and  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers  May  17,  1861.  He  served  in  the  defences  of 
Washington,  and  was  in  command  of  a  brigade  in  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  in  the  Manassas  campaign,  until 
Jul)7  23,  being  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July 
21,  1 86 1.  He  was  then  assigned  to  duty  in  the  Depart- 
ment of  the  Cumberland  until  November,  1861,  when  he 
was  transferred  for  duty  to  the  Department  of  the  Mis- 
souri, and  ordered  to  report  to  Major-General  Halleck  at 
St.  Louis;  on  inspection  duty  at  Sedalia,  Missouri,  and 
commanding  camp  of  instruction  at  Benton  Barracks, 
Missouri,  1861-62;  at  post  of  Paducah,  Kentucky,  ex- 
pediting and  facilitating  operations  in  progress  up  the 
Tennessee  and  Cumberland  Rivers,  and  organizing  a  di- 
vision to  be  commanded  by  himself;  bore  a  distinguished 
part  in  the  battle  of  Shiloh  and  in  the  operations  against 
Corinth ;  commanding  District  of  Memphis  and  an  ex- 
pedition against  Vicksburg,  1862;  assigned  to  command 
of  Fifteenth  Army  Corps  in  January,  1863  ;  participated 
in  capture  of  Arkansas  Post;  took  part  in  operations 
preceding  and  attending  siege  of  Vicksburg;  assigned  to 
command  of  Department  of  the  Tennessee  October  27, 
1863;  joined  his  forces  to  the  army  under  General  Grant 
at  Chattanooga,  Tennessee,  and  bore  a  conspicuous  part  in 
the  battle  of  that  name ;  moved  with  great  energy  to  the 
relief  of  General  Burnside  at  Knoxville,  Tennessee,  and 
returned  to  Chattanooga,  1863  ;  made  an  expedition  from 
Vicksburg  to  Meridian,  Mississippi,  destroying  much  rail- 
road and  war  material  thereabouts,  and  returned  to  Vicks- 
burg; assumed  command  of  Military  Division  of  the  Mis- 
4S 


sissippi  March  18,  1864;  captured  Atlanta,  Georgia,  and 
made  his  march  to  the  sea  which  terminated  in  the  cap- 
ture of  Savannah,  Georgia,  December  21,  1864;  marched 
northward  from  Savannah,  captured  Columbia,  South 
Carolina,  compelling  the  evacuation  of  Charleston;  re- 
pulsed the  enemy  under  General  J.  E.  Johnston  at  Ben- 
tonville,  ami  joined  his  forces  with  those  of  General  Scho- 
field  at  Goldsborough  ;  moved  against  General  Johnston, 
who,  on  April  26,  1865,  surrendered  his  army  on  the 
same  terms  as  had  been  granted  General  Lee. 

General  Sherman  was  appointed  major-general  of  vol- 
unteers May  1,  1862,  and  brigadier-general  U.  S.  Army 
July  4,  1863.  He  had  conferred  on  him  the  commission 
of  major-general,  August  I  2,  1 864,  for  "  gallant  and  distin- 
guished services  as  commander  of  the  Mississippi  Division 
in  the  conduct  of  the  campaign  in  Georgia,"  and  was  fur- 
ther honorably  mentioned  by  Congress  in  the  following 
joint  resolution  of  thanks,  February  19,  1864: 

"  To  Major-General  W.  T.  Sherman  and  the  officers  and 
soldiers  of  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee  for  their  gallant  and 
arduous  services  in  marching  to  the  relief  of  the  Army  of 
the  Cumberland,  and  for  their  gallantry  and  heroism  in 
the  battle  of  Chattanooga,  which  contributed  in  a  great 
degree  to  the  success  of  our  arms  in  that  glorious  vic- 
tory." June  10,  1865  :  "To  Major-General  W.  T.  Sher- 
man and  officers  and  soldiers  of  his  command  for  their 
gallantry  and  good  conduct  in  their  late  campaign  from 
Chattanooga  to  Atlanta  and  the  triumphal  march  thence 
through  Georgia  to  Savannah,  terminating  in  the  capture 
and  occupation  of  that  city." 

General  Sherman,  after  the  war  closed,  commanded 
several  of  the  most  important  military  divisions,  and  was 
appointed  lieutenant-general,  U.S.  Army,  July  25,  1866. 
Appointed  general  of  the  army,  March  5,  1869,  and  re- 
tained that  position  until  retired  from  active  service,  Feb. 
8,  1884.     He  died  Feb.  14,  1 89 1 ,  at  New  York  City. 


378 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


MEDICAL   DIRECTOR   EDWARD    SHIPPEN,    U.S.N. 
(retired). 

Medical  Director  Edward  Shippen  was  burn  in 
New  Jersey,  but  belongs  to  a  family  long  settled  in 
Philadelphia,  and  numbering  among  its  members  the  first 
mayor  (under  the  proprietor),  a  colonel  of  Colonial 
troops,  the  first  public  lecturer  on  anatomy  in  this  coun- 
try,— win)  was  afterwards  a  surgeon-general  of  the  Revo- 
lutionary army, — and  a  chief  justice,  both  under  the 
Crown  and  the  State. 

Medical  Director  Shippen  is  Bachelor  of  Arts  and 
Master  of  Arts,  of  Princeton  ;  Doctor  of 'Medicine,  of  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania;  a  member  of  the  Historical 
Society,  and  Fellow  of  that  venerable  institution,  the 
College  of  Physicians  of  Philadelphia;  president  of  the 
Genealogical  Society  of  Pennsylvania  ;  and  Companion  of 
the  Military  <  )rder  of  the  Loyal  Legion. 

He  was  appointed  from  Pennsylvania,  August  7,  [849. 
Entered  the  service  as  assistant-surgeon;  attached  to 
sloop  "  Marion,"  and  was  on  board  that  vessel  when  the 
Portuguese  frigate  "  Donna  Maria  Segunda"  was  torn  to 
fragments  by  the  explosion  of  her  magazines,  when 
within  a  cable's  length  of  the  "  Marion."     Of  the  large 


number  of  people  on  board,  nine  were  rescued  alive  by 
the  "  Marion's"  people,  of  whom  only  three  survived, — 
one  white  man  and  two  Lascars.  The  only  person  seri- 
ously injured  on  board  the  "  Marion"  was  a  boat-keeper 
on  the  side  away  from  the  explosion.  Some  of  the 
frigate's  guns  and  one  of  her  lower  masts  went  clear 
over  tlie  "Marion."  East  India  Squadron,  1849-52; 
receiving-ship  "  Ohio,"  Boston,  1852-53;  steamer  "Ful- 
ton," Fishing-Banks  Squadron,  1853;  steamer  "  Hetzel," 
Coast  Survey,  1854;  brig  "  Dolphin,"  coast  of  Africa, 
1855-57.  During  his  cruise  in  the  "  Dolphin,"  he  was 
present  at  the  bombardment  of  a  native  town;  at  two 
landings  for  the  protection  of  white  traders  and  other 
interesting  proceedings.  The  "  Dolphin"  ascended  the 
river  Congo  for  mail)'  miles,  at  a  time  when  it  was  an 
unknown  stream,  except  to  slave-traders.  Rendezvous, 
Philadelphia,  1857;  Naval  Asylum,  Philadelphia,  1858; 
steamer  "  Caledonia,"  Paraguay  Expedition,  1S59;  flag- 
ship "Congress,"  Brazil  Squadron,  1859-61. 

Commissioned  as  surgeon  April  26,  1861  ;  frigate 
"Congress,"  North  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron, 
1S61-62;  in  the  "  Congress"  when  attacked  by  the  rebel 
ram  "  Merrimac,"  at  Newport  News,  and  injured  by  shell  ; 
recorder  of  Medical  Examining  Board,  Philadelphia, 
[862;  receiving-ship  and  special  recruiting  duty,  New 
York-,  1862-64.  During  this  time  frequently  employed, 
in  the  dearth  of  line  officers,  in  carrying  drafts  of  men 
to  Philadelphia  and  Washington.  Frigate  "  New  Iron- 
sides," North  Atlantic  Squadron,  [864-65  ;  at  both  battles 
of  Fort  Fisher,  and  at  Bermuda  Hundred;  steam-sloop 
"  Canandaigua,"  European  Squadron,  1866-68;  during 
which  made  the  Russian  cruise,  under  Admiral  Far- 
ragut;  member  of  Naval  Retiring  Board,  Philadelphia, 
1868;  surgeon  of  the  Naval  Academy,  Annapolis,  Mary- 
land, from  1869  to  1 87 1  ;  fleet-surgeon,  European  Station, 
1871-73;  Navy- Yard,  Philadelphia,  1873;  Naval  Hos- 
pital, Philadelphia,  1874-79. 

Commissioned  as  medical  director,  1876;  president 
of  the  Naval  Medical  Examining  Board,  Philadelphia, 
1880-81  ;  president  Board  of  Examiners,  March,  1881- 
83;  Naval  Hospital,  Philadelphia,  [883-86;  special  duty, 
Philadelphia,  1S86-88.     Retired,  1S88. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


379 


CHIEF-ENGINEER   WILLIAM   H.  SHOCK,   U.S.N. 
(retired). 

Chief-Engineer  William  II.  Shock  was  born  in 
Maryland,  and  appointed  third  assistant  engineer  from 
that  State  in  January.  1845.  Served  during  the  Mexican 
War  in  the  "  General  Taylor,"  "  Princeton,"  "  Spitfire," 
and  frigate  "  Mississippi,"  in  which  vessels  he  participated 
in  the  capture  of  Tampico,  under  Commodore  Conner, 
and  Alvarado,  Tuxpan,  Tlacotalpan,  and  Vera  Cruz, 
under  Commodore  Pern-.  Promoted  second  assistant 
engineer  July  10,  1X47.  Served  in  the  steamer  "Engi- 
neer," of  the  Home  Squadron.  Promoted  to  first  as- 
sistant engineer  October  31,  1848,  and  in  1849  was  senior 
engineer  of  the  steamer  "  Legare,"  on  the  Coast  Survey. 
The  next  two  years  were  spent  upon  special  duty  at  Phila- 
delphia, superintending  the  construction  of  the  machinery 
of  the  steam-frigate  "  Susquehanna."  Promoted  chief 
engineer  in  March,  185  I,  and  was  ordered  to  Boston  to 
superintend  the  construction  of  the  new  machinery  for 
the  "  Princeton,"  where  he  spent  two  years.  In  1853  and 
[854  he  was  inspecting  engineer  of  ocean  steamers  for 
United  States  mail  service,  and  chief  engineer  of  the 
steamer  "  Princeton,"  of  the  Home  Squadron.  During 
1S54-55  he  was  at  the  West  Point  Works,  superintend- 
ing the  construction  of  machinery  for  the  steam-frigate 
"  Merrimac."  In  1855-56  he  served  as  chief  engineer  of 
the  "  Merrimac,"  on  the  Home  Station.  That  ship  was 
then  one  of  the  most  formidable  afloat  in  any  navy.  From 
1857  to  i860  he  was  chief  engineer  of  the  steam-frigate 
"  Powhatan,"  of  the  East  India  Squadron.  In  1860-62 
he  was  president  of  the  Examining  Hoard  of  Engineers, 
and  for  the  next  two  years  was  on  special  duty  at  St. 
Louis,  superintending  the  construction  of  river  monitors. 
From  1 863  to  1865  he  was  fleet-engineer  of  the  West 
Gulf  Squadron,  participating  in  the  capture  of  Forts 
Gaines  and  Morgan,  under  Admiral  Farragut,  and  the 
Spanish  Fort  and  city  of  Mobile,  under  Admiral  Thatcher. 
After  the  war  he  served  two  years  as  chief  engineer  of 
the  Boston  Navy- Yard,  and  a  similar  term  at  the  Wash- 
ington yard.  During  1868-69  he  was  fleet-engineer  of 
the  European  Squadron;   in    1S69-70  inspector  of  ma- 


chinery afloat,  and  member  of  the  Board  of  Visitors  to 
the  Naval  Academy  at  Annapolis.  In  the  summer  of 
1870  he  was  appointed  acting  chief  of  the  Bureau  of 
Steam-Engineering,  retiring  from  that  office  with  the 
written  thanks  of  the  department  for  theefficient  manner  in 
w  Inch  the  duties  of  the  bureau  were  discharged.  In  1871 
he  was  again  called  to  take  temporary  charge  of  the 
Bureau  of  Steam-Engineering,  and  upon  retiring  from 
the  position  was  actively  employed  on  other  duty  in  the 
United  States  until  [873,  at  which  time  he  was  ordered 
to  Europe,  on  a  tour  of  inspection  of  public  and  private 
dock-yards,  and  to  represent  the  Bureau  of  Steam-Engi- 
neering at  the  International  Exhibition  at  Vienna.  By 
direction  of  the  President  he  was  appointed  one  of  the 
American  judges  of  awards. 

When  he  returned  from  Europe  he  was  again  em- 
ployed actively  until  March  3,  1877,  when  he  was  ap- 
pointed and  confirmed  engineer-in-chief  of  the  U.  S. 
Navy.  After  serving  a  full  term  of  four  years  under  his 
commission,  he  was  reappointed  and  confirmed  for  a 
second  term.  He  was  placed  upon  the  retired  list  June 
15,  1883,  with  the  rank  of  commodore,  under  an  Act  of 
Congress,  approved  March  3,  187 1. 


38o 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN   AND  BREVET   MAJOR   GEORGE   SHORK- 
LEY,  U.S.A.   (retired). 

Captain  and  Brevet  Major  George  Shorkley  was 
born  in  New  York,  and  entered  the  military  service  as  a 
volunteer  in  1861. 

Recruited  a  volunteer  company,  and  it  was  assigned  as 
Company  B,  of  the  Fifty-first  Pennsylvania  (Hartranft's 
regiment),  which  he  joined  as  first  lieutenant,  September 
22,  1861,  and  was  with  the  regiment  with  Burnside's  ex- 
pedition at  Roanoke  Island,  Fort  Brawn,  etc.,  (861-62; 
with  the  Ninth  Army  Corps  in  Virginia  in  [862,  as  regi- 
mental adjutant. 

At  the  battle  of  Antietam  he  led  the  regiment  in  the 
flank  charge,  which  took  the  bridge,  receiving  a  severe 
gun-shot  wound  in  the  left  arm. 

At  the  time  of  Lee's  move  into  Pennsylvania  he  re- 
ported, with  his  arm  in  a  sling,  to  General  Couch,  at 
Harrisburg,  and  was  ordered  on  his  staff  and  assigned 
to  duty  organizing  militia  regiments  and  sending  them 
to  the  front.  After  the  battle  of  Gettysburg  lie  was 
in  command  of  parole  camp  at  West  Chester,  Pennsyl- 
vania. 

The  Ninth  Army  Corps  having  been  ordered  to  Mis- 
sissippi, he  received  orders  to  report  to  General  Har- 
tranft,  commanding  division,  his  left  arm  still  of  little 
use.  lie  was  with  the  Ninth  Army  Corps  in  Fast  Ten- 
nessee as  inspector  for  General  Martranft.  Served 
with  ln's  regiment  in  the  winter  of  1863-64,  and  with  the 
Ninth  Army  Corps,  and  returned  East  to  Annapolis, 
when  he  was  ordered  to  duty  as  assistant  adjutant-gen- 
eral to  General  Martranft,  commanding  depot,  and  reor- 
ganization of  Ninth  Ami)-  Corps.  Was  designated  to 
be  <  olonel  of  one  of  the  new  Pennsylvania  regiments  to 
be  assigned  to  the  corps;  but  upon  the  command  being 
ordered  for  duty  with  General  Grant  in  Virginia,  this  was 
thrown  up,  and  he  went  to  the  field  as  assistant  adjutant- 


general  for  General  Ffartranft.  In  the  Wilderness,  where 
Hartranft's  command  had  joined  lines  with  General  Han- 
cock's corps  in  a  woods.  The  enemy's  artillery  and 
musketry  fire  had  sent  one  of  Hancock's  Pennsylvania 
regiments  back',  endangering  the  whole  line.  Knowing 
the  regiment,  and  seeing  this,  and  being  well  mounted, 
he  dashed  across  the  wood,  took  the  flag  from  the  color- 
bearer,  advanced  the  regiment  to  its  position,  receiving 
the  thanks  of  its  commander,  and  returned  to  his  com- 
mand. 

While  serving  before  Petersburg,  Virginia,  he  was  or- 
dered as  the  officer  to  relieve  the  Ninth  Corps  from  the 
line  of  works  for  the  assault  at  the  explosion  of  the  mine, 
Jul_\-  30,  1S64;  this  had  been  done,  the  assault  made,  the 
crater  reached,  when  all  were  hemmed  in  by  enfilading 
fires  from  the  enemy's  works.  Seeing  this,  he  ran  across 
the  field  between  the  lines  to  our  troops  on  the  left,  se- 
cured a  fire  that  checked  the  enemy's  fire  from  that  flank, 
and  in  returning  he  was  struck  by  a  shell,  tearing  away  the 
front  of  his  coat  and  sleeve  and  carrying  away  the  fingers 
of  his  right  hand.  After  partially  recovering  from  this 
wound  he  returned  again  to  the  field,  when  the  appoint- 
ment of  assistant  adjutant-general  was  offered  him,  but 
declined,  having  lost  the  ability  to  write  rapidly  in  losing 
his  fingers.  He  was  then  assigned  to  duty  in  the  inspec- 
tor-general's department  in  accordance  with  his  brevet 
rank,  by  the  President,  and  ordered  to  duty  with  General 
Hartranft's  Third   Division,  Ninth  Army  Corps. 

At  the  assault  on  Fort  Steadman  he  was  again  seri- 
ously wounded,  the  ball  lodging  in  his  right  thigh. 

He  was  with  the  corps,  ami  acting  as  inspector-general 
for  the  grand  review  ;  and  with  General  Hartranft  in 
charge  of  conspirators  in  the  assassination  of  President 
Lincoln.  He  was  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service 
Jul)-  27,  1865,  having  participated  in  thirty-seven  battles 
and  affrays,  and  six  times  wounded  in  action, — three 
times  slightly,  and  three  times  seriously, — in  left  arm  at 
Antietam,  Maryland,  ball  extracted ;  at  mine,  Peters- 
burg, Virginia,  fingers  of  right  hand  carried  away  by 
cannon-ball ;  and  at  Fort  Steadman,  Virginia,  in  right 
thigh,  ball  extracted. 

Captain  Shorkley  was  appointed  second  and  first  lieu- 
tenant Fifteenth  Infantry,  February  23,  1866,  and  on 
March  2,  1S67,  was  brevetted  captain  and  major  in  the 
regular  arm)-  "for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at 
Antietam  and  Fort  Steadman,"  he  having  previously  re- 
ceived the  volunteer  brevets  of  major,  lieutenant-colonel, 
and  colonel  for  his  gallant  services  before  Petersburg 
and  Fort  Steadman. 

He  joined  the  Fifteenth  Infantry  in  Alabama  and 
served  on  reconstruction  duty  in  1866-68,  and  was  then 
transferred  with  his  regiment  to  Texas.  He  was  promoted 
captain  October  13,  1867,  and  was  retired,  for  disability 
in  the  line  of  duty,  September  23,  1885. 


WHO  SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


38i 


REAR-ADMIRAL  ROBERT  W.  SHUFELDT,  U.S.N. 
(retired). 

Rear-Admiral  Robert  W.  Shufeldt  was  born  in 
Dutchess  Count)-,  New  York,  February,  1822  ;  appointed 
midshipman  from  New  York  May  II,  I 839;  first  cruise 
in  frigate  "Potomac,"  1839-41;  Brazil  Station;  in  brig 
"  Bainbridgc,"  Home  Squadron,  as  acting  master,  1S42- 
44;  at  Naval  School,  Philadelphia,  1844-45;  promoted 
to  passed  midshipman  July  2,  1845;  on  Coast  Survey, 
1845-46  ;  in  sloop  "  Marion"  and  frigate  "  United  States," 
West  Coast  of  Africa  and  Mediterranean,  1846-48;  in 
U.  S.  mail  steamers  "  Atlantic"  and  "  Georgia,"  as  chief 
officer,  1849-51  ;  promoted  to  master  February  21,1853; 
commissioned  as  lieutenant,  1854;  resigned  June  21, 
1854.  (While  out  of  the  navy  he  was  active  in  the 
organization  of  the  steam  commercial  marine  of  New 
York,  and  after  serving  two  years  in  the  Collins  line  of 
steamers  between  New  York  and  Liverpool,  superin- 
tended the  building  of  and  commanded  the  steamers 
"Black  Warrior"  and  "  Cahawba"  between  New  York 
and  New  Orleans.)  Was  engaged  for  a  year  in  the  effort 
to  open  a  transit  route  across  the  Isthmus  of  Tehuante- 
pcc.  At  the  commencement  of  the  war,  was  command- 
ing the  steamer  "  Quaker  City"  between  New  York  and 
Havana,  when  he  was  appointed  consul-general  to  Cuba 
by  President  Lincoln  ;  but  when  the  war  broke  out  he 
volunteered  for  the  navy,  and  was  appointed  lieutenant 
and  ordered  to  command  the  "  Quaker  City,"  that  ship 
having  been  turned  over  to  the  government.  Mr.  Sew- 
ard, the  Secretary  of  State,  insisted,  however,  upon  his 
going  at  once  to  Havana,  where  there  were  very  impor- 
tant duties  to  be  performed,  for  which  he  was  thought  to 
be  peculiarly  qualified.  At  the  end  of  two  years,  having, 
under  very  trying  circumstances,  fulfilled  the  object  for 
which  he  was  sent  to  Cuba,  he  resigned  his  commission 
of  consul-general  and  accepted  a  commission  in  the  navy 
as  commander,  which  had  been  previously  tendered  to 
him.  In  1862,  while  consul-general,  was  sent  to  Mexico 
on  a  special  mission.  At  this  time  the  French  troops 
were  in  possession  of  Vera  Cruz,  and  it  required  some 
discretion  to  reach  the  capital  and  perform  the  duty 
required.     This,  however,  was  accomplished. 

His  commission  as  commander  was  dated  November 
19,  1862.  In  May,  1863,  commanded  the"  Conemaugh," 
South  Atlantic  Squadron.  Was  present  and  participated 
in  the  capture  of  Morris  Island,  and  in  several  of  the 
attacks  on  Fort  Wagner.  Commanded  the  "  Proteus," 
East  Gulf  Squadron,  1864-65,  and  was  senior  naval 
officer  in  the  attack  upon  St.  Mark's,  Florida  ;  command- 
ing flag-ship  "Hartford,"  Asiatic  Squadron,  1865-66, 
and  steam-sloop  "  Wachusetts,"  1866-68,  on  the  Asiatic 
Station  ;  commanding  Naval  Rendezvous,  New  York-, 
1868-69;  commissioned  as  captain  December  31,  1869; 


X 


y 


,^ 


'\ 


A 


commanding  monitor  "  Miantonomah,"  1870;  command- 
ing "  Tehuantepec,"  Surveying  Expedition,  1870-71; 
commanding  flag-ship  "Wabash,"  "Congress,"  and 
"Plymouth,"  European  Squadron,  1871-72;  Navy- Yard, 
New  York,  1S72-74;  chief  of  Bureau  of  Equipment  and 
Recruiting  from  February  1,  1875,  to  November,  1S78. 
While  there  he  reorganized  the  Naval  Apprentice  Sys- 
tem upon  its  present  basis. 

Commissioned  as  commodore  September  21,  1876; 
went  to  New  (  >rleans  to  take  command  of  the  naval 
forces  there,  and,  in  conjunction  with  General  Sheridan, 
to  maintain  the  peace  and  order  of  that  city,  then  much 
disturbed  by  the  result  of  the  Presidential  election.  In 
1S7S  he  had  as  his  flag-ship  the  steam-sloop  "  Ticonde- 
roga,"  and  made  a  commercial  and  diplomatic  cruise 
around  the  world,  under  the  auspices  of  the  State  Depart- 
ment ;  was  appointed  arbitrator  by  the  English  and 
American  governments  to  settle  the  Liberian  boundary 
question,  and  also  authorized  to  open  negotiations  with 
the  kingdom  of  Corea  for  the  protection  of  American 
life  and  property  ;  was  naval  attache  at  Peking,  China, 
1 88 1  ;  was  appointed  special  agent,  with  full  power,  by 
President  Arthur,  to  negotiate  a  treaty  with  Corea.  This 
was  accomplished,  and  the  treaty  signed,  May,  1882. 
This  was  the  first  treat}-  made  by  that  country  with  any 
Western  power,  and  opened  it  to  the  commerce  of  the 
world.  Was  president  of  the  Naval  Advisory  Board 
which  designed  the  first  steel  cruisers  of  the  new  navy, 
1882-84,  and  superintendent  of  Naval  Observatory,  1S83- 
84.  Promoted  to  rear-admiral,  1883  ;  retired  February 
21,  18S4. 

In  1S60  he  wrote  a  thesis  on  the  African  slave-trade 
with  Cuba  which  attracted  the  attention  of  the  govern- 
ment, and  led  to  a  treaty  with  Great  Britain,  which  caused 
the  extirpation  of  that  traffic  between  Africa  and  the 
island  of  Cuba. 


3§: 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   XAYY  secular) 


FIRST  LIEUTENANT  AND  BREVET  CAPTAIN  EDMUND 
R.  P.  SHUKLY,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

First  Lieutenant  and  Brevet  Captain  Edmund  R. 
P.  Shurly  was  born  in  England,  and  entered  the  volun- 
teer service  as  second  lieutenant  of  the  Twenty- fust  New 
York  Infantry  April  15,  1861,  and  was  first  lieutenant 
Twenty-sixth  New  York  Infantry  May  21,  1861  ;  pro 
moted  captain  August  7,  1861,  and  honorably  mustered 
..nt  April  25,  1863. 

lie  served  in  the  field  during  the  war  of  the  Rebellion, 
participating  in  the  Shenandoah  operations  in  1862  ;  and 
at  Front  Royal,  with  his  own  and  two  companies  oi  the 
See.  .ml  Maine  Infantry,  constructed  a  rope-ferry  across 
the  Shenandoah  River,  thereby  saving  from  capture  by 
fackson's  corps  the  Twenty-sixth  New  York-  Infantry 
and  a  section  of  Hall's  battery,  the  bridge  washing  away 
soon  after  they  had  passed  over. 

Captain  Shurly  participated  in  the  battles  of  Poack 
Church,  Virginia;  first  Bull  Run, Cedar  Mountain  (Gen- 
eral Tower's  brigade  covering  the  retreat  of  General 
Pope),  Rappahannock  Station,  Thoroughfare  Gap,  second 
Bull  Run,  Chantilly,  South  Mountain,  Maryland ;  An- 
tietam,  Maryland,  and  Fredericksburg,  Virginia,  where 
he  was  severely  wounded,  and  compelled  to  leave  the 
field,  being  subsequently  mustered  out. 

On  August  28,  [863,  he  was  appointed  a  captain  in  the 


Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  and  served  until  October  7,  1865, 
when  he  was  honorably  mustered  out  of  service.  He  was 
brevetted  major  of  volunteers  March  13,  1865,  for  "gal- 
lant and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  Fredericks- 
burg, Virginia,"  and  lieutenant-colonel  of  volunteers,  same 
date,  for  "gallant  and  meritorious  services  during  the 
w  ar." 

<  >n  May  1  1,  1866,  he  was  appointed  a  second  lieuten- 
ant of  the  Eighteenth  U.  S.  Infantry,  and  transferred  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  Infantry  September  21,  [866,  which 
commission  he  resigned  February  \2,  1S07.  On  March 
15,  1867,  he  was  again  appointed  second  lieutenant  of 
the  Twenty-seventh  Infantry,  and  was  promoted  first 
lieutenant  September  29,  1868. 

While  on  duty  at  Camp  Douglas,  Chicago,  Illinois,  in 
the  fall  of  1864,  Captain  Shurly  aided  in  suppressing  the 
conspiracy  to  release  prisoners-of-war  and  destroy  Chi- 
cago. He  was  the  last  commanding  officer  of  that  post, 
from  which  he  was  relieved  in  the  fall  of   1865. 

Alter  being  appointed  to  the  regular  seivice,  he  was 
brevetted  first  lieutenant,  March  15,  1867,  for  "gallant 
and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg, 
Virginia,"  ami  captain  for  "gallant  and  meritorious  ser- 
vices during  the  war."  1  le  served  on  the  Plains  at  Forts 
McPherson,  D.  A.  Russell,  Laramie,  Fetterman,  Phil 
Kearney,  and  C.  1".  Smith, — most  of  the  time  on  escort 
duty,  lie  was  engaged  in  action  with  hostile  Indians 
near  Fort  Reno,  Wyoming;  on  Goose  Creek,  near  Port 
Phil  Kearney;  Hayfield,  near  Fort  C.  I'".  Smith;  Clark's 
Pork,  Montana,  and  in  various  skirmishes  while  on  escort 
duty.  While  in  command  of  a  detachment  of  Company 
A,  Second  Cavalry,  he  rescued  a  detachment  of  fifteen 
mounted  men  from  Indians.  He  was  also  in  an  expedi- 
tion with  the  same  detachment  after  a  band  of  Indians 
through  Little  Powder  River  Mountains  to  Little  Horn 
River.  lie  was  severely  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Goose- 
Creek,  Wyoming. 

While  in  command  of  a  detachment  of  forty  men  of 
the  Twenty-seventh  Infantry,  he  successfully  defended  a 
train  of  forty-six  wagons  against  a  force  estimated  at  one 
thousand  Indians  under  Red  Cloud. 

Captain  Shurly  was  retired  from  active  service,  on  ac- 
count of  wounds  received  in  the  line  of  duty,  December 
j,  1868. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


383 


REAR-ADMIRAL  EDWARD  SIMPSON,  U.S.N. 
(deceased). 
Rear-Admiral  Edward  Simpson  was  born  in  New- 
York,  and  appointed  midshipman  from  that  State  in 
February,  1S40.  After  serving  on  the  Brazil  Station,  in 
the  "  Decatur"  and  "Potomac,"  he  came  home  in  the 
frigate  "Constitution."  He  was  next  attached  to  the 
"Independence,"  Home  Squadron;  the  "  Congress,"  of 
the, Mediterranean  and  Brazil  Squadrons;  and  the  re- 
ceiving-ship "  North  Carolina,"  at  New  York.  Went  to 
tlie  Naval  Academy  in  1845,  and  graduated  passed  mid- 
shipman, 1846.  Ilis  was  the  fust  class  at  Annapolis. 
He  was  then  ordered  to  the  steamer  "  Vixen,"  and  was 
present,  in  her,  at  the  attacks  on  the  forts  at  Alvarado ; 
the  two  attacks  upon  Tabasco;  at  the  capture  of  Tam- 
pico  ;  at  the  capture  ofTuspan;  at  the  capture  of  Coatza- 
coalcos,  and  that  of  Laguna  de  Terminos.  At  the  siege 
of  Vera  Cruz  the  "  Vixen"  assisted  in  covering  the  land- 
ing of  the  army,  of  the  United  States,  and  took  part, 
with  the  rest  of  the  smaller  vessels,  in  the  bombardment 
of  the  city,  and  of  the  Castle  of  San  Juan  d'Ulloa.  After 
tlie  war,  was  upon  the  Coast  Survey,  the  Brazil  Station, 
and  assistant  instructor  of  gunnery  ami  infantry  tactics 
at  the  Naval  Academy,  until  1854,  when  he  was  pro- 
moted to  master,  and  was  on  Coast  Survey  duty  again. 
In  April,  1855,  was  commissioned  lieutenant,  and  went 
to  China  in  the  Portsmouth,  where  he  participated  in 
the  capture  of  the  Barrier  Forts,  under  Foote.  From 
1858  to  1862  he  was  attached  to  the  Naval  Academy, 
in  charge  of  instruction  in  the  theory  and  practice  of 
naval  gunnery,  lie  was  then,  for  a  year,  the  comman- 
dant of  midshipmen.  He  was  commissioned  lieutenant- 
commander  in  July,  1862.  Commanded  the  iron-clad 
"Passaic"  in  (863—64.  Engaged  with  Fort  Wagner, 
June  29,  1863;  Fort  Sumter,  August  17,  1863;  Fort 
Wagner,  August  18,  1863;  Fort  Sumter,  August  2^, 
1863;  Fort  Moultrie,  August  31,  1863;  Fort  Sumter, 
September  I,  1 863;  Batter)-  Bee,  September  8,  1 863; 
Fort  Moultrie,  November  16,  1 863.  Commanded 
steamer  "  Isonomia,"  on  the  Wilmington  blockade,  in  the 
East  Gulf  Squadron,  and  on  the  Bahama  Banks,  in  1864. 
Fleet-captain  of  the  blockading  squadron,  1865-66.  En- 
gaged in  the  operations  before  Mobile  in  March  and 
April,  1865,  and  until  tlie  city  capitulated.  Commis- 
sioned commander  March,  1865,  and  then  commanded 
the  "Mohican"  and  the  "  Mohongo,"  on  the  North 
Pacific  Station,  1866-68.  Upon  his  return,  he  was  in 
charge  of  the  Hydrographic  Office,  Washington  ;  and 
then  assistant  to  the  chief  of  Bureau  of  Ordnance,  Navy 
Department,  Washington,  1869-70.  Commissioned  as 
captain  in  August,  1S70,  and  was  sent  to  Europe  on 
special  duty  in  regard  to  ordnance.  In  1S73  he  was  in 
command  of  the  torpedo  station  at  Newport.  In  the 
next  two  years  he  commanded  the  steam-frigate  "  Frank- 


lin," of  the  North  Atlantic  Station,  and  the  steam-frigati 
"  Wabash,"  ol  the  same  station.  Commanded  torpedo 
station  again  in  1874-75  '■  a,l|l  ulc  steam-sloop  "  (  )maha," 
of  the  South  Pacific  Station,  in  1875-77.  He  was  sta- 
tioned at  the  navy-yard  at  New  York,  next;  and,  upon 
being  made  commodore,  in  April,  1878,  commanded  the 
naval  station  at  New  London  for  three  years.  He  was 
promoted  rear-admiral  in  1884.  President  of  the  Ad- 
visory Board;  and  then  president  of  the  Board  of  In- 
spection and  Survey.  He  never  ceased  to  show  his  warm 
and  active  interest  in  the  navy  until  his  death  at  Washing- 
ton, December  1, 1888.  His  total  sea-service  was  twenty- 
one  years  and  six  months,  and  his  shore  duty  twenty- 
one  years  and  four  months. 

Admiral  Simpson  was  remarkable  for  his  urbane  and 
officer-like  manner,  his  fidelity  to  duty  and  promptness 
of  decision.  He  exercised  a  large  and  wholesome  influ- 
ence upon  succeeding  generations  of  officers,  and  upon 
the  scientific  development  of  the  navy,  especially  in  gun- 
nery and  torpedo-work'.  Ilis  true  kindness  of  heart  can 
be  vouched  for  by  hundreds,  and  his  death  was  looked 
upon  as  a  personal  misfortune  to  many,  as  well  as  a 
great  loss  to  the  service.  At  one  time  Simpson's  "Ord- 
nance and  Gunnery,"  and  his  translation  of  I.e  Page's 
"Theorie  du  Pointage,"  were  the  principal  text-books  at 
the  Naval  Academy  in  that  department.  His  enlargi  d 
edition  of"  Ordnance  and  Gunnery,"  of  1862,  was  a  text- 
book for  many  years.  He  wrote  many  professional  re- 
ports and  magazine  articles,  and  in  1873  he  published 
"  The  Naval  Mission  to  Europe,"  and  "  Report  of  the 
Gun-Foundry  Board."  Several  of  his  articles  are  re- 
published in  "  Modern  Ships  of  War"  (New  York,  1887). 

Admiral  Simpson  was  president  of  the  U.  S.  Naval  In- 
stitute in  1886-88.  lie  was  also  the  president  of  the 
Naval  Academy  Graduates'  Association  from  its  organi- 
zation until  his  death. 


3's4 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN  JAMES   F.   SIMPSON,   U.S.A.  (retired). 

Captain  James  F.  Simpson  was  bom  in  Massachusetts 
October  25,  1841.  He  entered  the  volunteer  service 
during  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  as  second  lieutenant  of 
the  Fourteenth  Connecticut  Infantry  August  10,  1862; 
promoted  first  lieutenant  February  4,  1863,  and  captain 
October  20,  1863.  He  served  in  the  field  with  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of 
Fredericksburg  and  Chancellorsville,  Virginia,  where  he 
was  taken  prisoner,  confined  in  Libby  Prison  at  Rich- 
mond, paroled,  and  exchanged.  He  then  took  part  in 
the  Richmond  campaign,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battles 
of  the  Wilderness,  Spottsylvania,  Cold  Harbor,  North 
Anna  River,  Bristoe  Station,  and  in  the  actions  in  front 
of  and  near  Petersburg,  Virginia,  in  1  S64.  lie  was  se- 
verely wounded  in  the  battle  of  Ream's  Station,  Virginia, 
and  was  honorably  mustered  out  of  service  November 
14,  1864.  He  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  of  the 
U.  S.  Veteran  Infantry  (Hancock's  Corps)  February  16, 
1865,  and  was  honorably  mustered  out  March   26,  1866. 


He  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  of  the  Fortieth 
U.  S.  Infantry  August  17,  1867,  and  brevetted  the  same 
day  first  lieutenant  for  "  gallant  and  meritorious  service 
in  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness,  Virginia,"  and  captain  for 
"gallant  and  meritorious  service  in  the  battle  of  Ream's 
Station,  Virginia." 

Captain  Simpson  was  transferred  to  the  Twenty-fifth 
Infantry  April  20,  1869,  and  again  transferred  to  the 
Third  Cavalry  March  15,  187 1.  He  served  in  the  South 
after  the  war,  and  was  stationed  at  Hilton  Head,  South 
Carolina;  Goldsborough  and  Raleigh,  North  Carolina; 
Baton  Rouge,  Louisiana  ;  Ship  Island,  Mississippi ;  Jack- 
son Barracks,  Louisiana,  and  Fort  Duncan,  Texas,  to 
1 87  1,  when  he  joined  the  Third  Cavalry  in  Arizona  ;  but 
his  regiment  was  soon  ordered  to  the  Department  of  the 
Platte,  serving  at  Fort  McPherson,  Camp  Sheridan,  Fort 
Robinson,  Fort  Laramie,  and  Fort  D.  A.  Russell.  He 
took  part  in  the  Big  Horn  and  Yellowstone  Expedition 
under  General  George  Crook,  from  May  to  October,  187'', 
and  after  Colonel  Guy  V.  Henry  received  his  severe 
wound  in  the  engagement  with  hostile  Indians,  June  25, 
1876,  he  was  assigned  to  command  his  troop  (D,  Third 
Cavalry),  which  command  he  retained  until  the  close  of 
the  expedition.  Captain  Simpson  was  also  engaged  with 
hostile  Indians  at  Slim  Buttes,  Dakota,  in  September, 
1876,  and  in  the  Cheyenne  Indian  outbreak  at  Fort 
Robinson,  Nebraska. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  December  14,  1877, 
and  captain  November  26,  1884. 

In  1882  the  Third  Cavalry  was  transferred  to  the  De- 
partment of  Arizona,  and  Captain  Simpson  served  at 
Whipple  Barracks  and  Whipple  Depot,  and  was  regi- 
mental quartermaster  of  the  Third  Cavalry  from  July  24, 
[879,  to  September  1,  1883.  He  was  retired  from  active 
service,  November  25,  1887,  for  disability  in  the  line  of 
duty. 

Captain  Simpson  performed  the  duties  of  acting  assist- 
ant quartermaster  and  acting  commissary  of  subsistence 
at  nearly  every  post  in  which  he  served. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


}8S 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL   AND   BREVET   BRIGADIER- 
GENERAL   MICHAEL   P.  SMALL.   U.S.A. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  and  Brevet  Brigadier-Gen- 
eral Michael  P.  Small  (Subsistence  Department)  was 
born  in  York,  Penn.,  August  9,  1831,  and  graduated  at 
the  Military  Academy  July  1,  1855.  He  was  promoted 
brevet  second  lieutenant  of  artillery  the  same  day,  and 
second  lieutenant  Second  Artillery  September  21,  1855. 
He  served  on  frontier  duty  at  Benicia,  Cal.,  1855;  in 
Florida  against  the  Seminole  Indians,  1856-57;  in  gar- 
rison at  Fort  Lafayette,  New  York,  1857,  and  Fort  Mc- 
Henry,  Maryland,  1857;  frontier  duty  at  Fort  Leaven- 
worth, quelling  Kansas  disturbances,  1857-58;  march  to 
Utah,  1858,  and  Fort  Leavenworth,  1858-59;  in  garri- 
son at  Fort  Monroe,  1859;  on  Harper's  Ferry  expedition 
to  suppress  John  Brown's  raid,  1859;  in  garrison  at 
Fort  Monroe  (Artillery  School  for  Practice),  1859-61, 
and  as  quartermaster  2d  Art.,  July  10  to  Aug.,  1861. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  April  27,  1861,  and 
appointed  captain  of  staff  (commissary  of  subsistence) 
August  3,  1861,  and  served  during  the  Rebellion  of  the 
seceding  States  (1861-66)  as  chief  commissary  and  quar- 
termaster at  Rolla,  Missouri,  Southwestern  District  of 
Missouri,  September  4,  1861,  to  January  31,  1863;  as 
mustering  officer  and  depot  commissar)- and  quartermas- 
ter at  Rolla,  Missouri,  January  21,  1862,  to  January  31, 
1S63  ;  colonel  of  the  Missouri  volunteers  and  aid  to  the 
governor  of  the  State;  as  inspecting  commissary  of  sub- 
sistence of  the  Department  of  the  Missouri,  February  1 
to  March  31,  1863;  as  chief  commissary  of  the  District 
of  Minnesota,  Department  of  the  Northwest,  anil  depot 
and  purchasing  commissary  at  St.  Paul,  Minnesota,  April 
10  to  August  22,  1863  ;  as  chief  commissary  of  the  13th 
Army  Corps,  and  of  the  army  in  the  field  in  the  Teche 
campaign  (Dept.  of  the  Gulf),  Sept.   15  to  Nov.  9,  1863. 

He  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel  (staff)  U.  S.  Vol- 
unteers September  15,  1863,  and  colonel  and  commissary 
of  subsistence  May  25,  1865,  and  was  on  duty  as  pur- 
chasing and  depot  commissary  at  Chicago,  Illinois,  and 
supervising  commissary  of  the  States  of  Illinois  and  In- 
diana, December  30,  1863^0  February  15,  1864;  as  chief 
commissary  of  the  Department  of  Virginia  and  North 
Carolina  at  Fort  Monroe,  Virginia  (supplying  the  "  armies 
operating  against  Richmond"  on  the  James  River),  Feb- 
ruary 22,  1S64,  to  February  21,  1S65  ;  of  the  Army  of 
the  James  and  Department  of  Virginia,  February  2  1  to 
June,  1865  ;  chief  commissar)-  of  the  Army  of  the  James 
in  pursuit  of  the  rebel  army,  terminating  in  the  capitula- 
tion at  Appomattox  Court-House,  April  9,  1S65  ;  sup- 
plied the  rebel  army  with  rations  from  the  subsistence 
train  of  the  Army  of  the  James  after  the  surrender;  of 
Military  Division  of  the  Southwest  and  Military  Division 
of  the  Gulf  (ex  officio  colonel  U.  S.  Vol.),  May  25  to  Dec. 
29,  1865,  and  as  purchasing  and  depot  commissary  of 
49 


subsistence  at  New  Orleans,  Jul)-  25  to  Dec.  1865.  He 
was  made  brevet  colonel  U.  S.  Volunteers  January  1, 
[865,  for  "  distinguished  and  meritorious  services  in  the 
campaign  of  1863  and  1864;"  brevet  major,  brevet  lieu- 
tenant-colonel, and  brevet  colonel,  March  13,  1865,  for 
"meritorious  services  in  the  Subsistence  Department 
during  the  Rebellion  ;"  and  brevet  brigadier-general  April 
9,  1865,  for  "  faithful  and  meritorious  services  in  the  Sub- 
sistence Department  during  the  Rebellion." 

After  the  war  terminated,  he  served  at  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  and  supervising  commissary  of  subsistence  of  the 
States  of  Kentucky,  Tennessee,  and  portions  of  Alabama 
and  Georgia,  February  17  to  November  6,  1866;  as  chief 
commissary  Department  of  the  Tennessee,  November  6, 
1866,  to  March  16,  1S67,  and  of  the  Cumberland,  March 
16,  1867,  to  July  26,  1869,  and  purchasing  and  depot 
commissary  at  Louisville,  Kentucky,  December  1,  1866, 
to  July  26,  1869;  in  settling  accounts  at  Washington, 
D.  C,  to  September,  1 869  ;  as  chief  commissary  Depart- 
ment of  California,  and  purchasing  and  depot  commissary 
at  San  Francisco,  California,  September  30,  1869,  to  De- 
cember 12,  1872;  as  chief  commissary  Depart,  of  Ari- 
zona, Feb.  20,  1873,  to  May  25,  1875,  and  acting  chief 
quartermaster,  June  23  to  May  10,  1874;  as  purchasing 
and  depot  commissary,  Chicago,  June  25,  1875,  to  Dec. 
22,  1880;  as  chief  commissary  Dept.  of  Texas,  and  pur- 
chasing and  depot  commissary  at  San  Antonio,  Dec.  26, 
1880,  to  Aug.  31,  1883  ;  as  purchasing  and  depot  com- 
missary at  New  York  City,  Sept.  20,  1883,  to  Oct.  31, 
[884;  as  purchasing  and  depot  commissary  at  Balti- 
more, from  Nov.  1,  1884,  to  Aug.  30,  1889,  and  chief 
commissary,  Div.  of  the  Atlantic  and  Dept.  of  the  East 
from  Sept.  I,  1889.  He  was  promoted  major,  staff,  com- 
missary of  subsistence,  June  21,  1874,  and  lieutenant- 
colonel,  assistant  commissary-general  of  subsistence,  Oct. 
4,  1889. 


;S6 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN   AND    BREVET    LIEUTENANT-COLONEL 

WILLIAM   REN  WICK   SMEDBERG,   U.S.A. 

(retired). 

Captain  and  Brevet  Lieutenant  Colonel  William 
Renwick  Smedberg  was  born  in  New  York  City  on  the 
19th  of  March,  1 S 3 9 ;  he  entered  Columbia  College, 
New  York,  in  [853,  graduating  in  June,  1857.  He  en- 
listed in  Company  F  of  the  New  York  Seventh  Regi- 
ment in  July,  1858,  remaining  with  it  until  i860,  when 
he  was  honorably  discharged  on  account  of  his  removal 
to  Washington,  D.  C,  where  he  joined  the  National 
Rifles  in  1  SO  1 ,  and  resided  until  the  breaking  out  of  the 
war. 

He  enlisted  in  the  U.  S.  service  on  the  15th  of  April, 
1861,  as  a  private  in  Company  A,  Third  Battalion, 
District  of  Columbia  Volunteers  ;  was  promoted  corpo- 
ral, served  in  Stone's  Brigade  on  the  Potomac,  and 
throughout  Patterson's  campaign,  and  was  honorably 
discharged  on  the  4th  of  July,  1861,  on  acceptance  of  a 
commission  in  the  U.  S.  Army  as  hrst  lieutenant  Four- 
teenth U.  S.  Infantry,  with  rank  from  May  14,  1861.  He 
was  adjutant  Second  Battalion,  Fourteenth  U.  S.  Infantry, 
from  August  30  to  (  )ctober  25,  1861,  when  he  was  pro- 
moted captain  Fourteenth  Infantry,  and  commanded  his 
company  from  that  time  until  March,  1864,  in  First 
Brigade,  Second  Division,  Fifth  Army  Corps,  participa- 
ting in  the  Peninsula  campaign,  siege  of  Yorktown, 
battles  of  Gaines'  Mills,  White  Oak  Swamp,  Malvern 
Hill,  second  Bull  Run,  Antietam,  Leetown,  Snicker's 
Perry,  Fredericksburg,  and  campaign  of  Mine  Run. 

In  March,  1864,  he  was  appointed  division  inspector, 
First  Division,  Fifth  Army  Corps,  on  staff  of  Brigadier- 
General  Charles  Griffin,  and  at  the  battle  of  the  Wilder- 
ness, May  5,  1864,  was  struck  by  a  piece  of  shell,  which 
carried  away  his  right  foot,  resulting  in  amputation  just 
below  the  knee. 


From  April,  1861,  until  May  5,  1864,  he  served  in  the 
field  continuously  with  the  Fifth  Corps,  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  excepting  a  brief  period  on  sick-leave  and  re- 
cruiting service  in  1863,  and  he  received  the  brevets  of 
major  and  lieutenant-colonel  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  in  battle. 

He  was  assistant  inspector  of  the  Department  of  Cali- 
fornia from  December,  1865,  to  May  26,  1866,  on  the 
staff  of  General  Irwin  McDowell;  aide-de-camp  of  the 
Military  Division  of  the  Pacific  from  that  period  to  the 
31st  of  May,  1869;  on  the  staff  of  Major-General  H. 
W.  Halleck,  and  acting  assistant  adjutant-general  on  the 
staffs  of  Major-Generals  George  H.  Thomas  and  J.  M. 
Schofield  from  June,  1869,  to  December  15,  1870,  when 
he  was  retired  from  active  service,  with  rank  of  mounted 
captain,  011  account  of  the  loss  of  his  right  leg  from  a 
wound  received  at  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness. 

Llad  he  remained  on  the  active  list,  he  would  have 
become  colonel  Twenty-first  U.  S.  Infantry,  January  31, 
1 89 1 . 

Colonel  Smedberg  joined  the  National  Guard  of  Cali- 
fornia in  September,  1N74,  when  he  was  commissioned 
lieutenant-colonel  and  division  inspector  on  the  staff  of 
Major-General  D.  W.  C.Thompson;  brigade  inspector 
on  the  staff  of  General  John  McComb,  Second  Brigade, 
January  19,  1876,  and  was  elected  colonel  of  the  Second 
Infantry  (now  the  Second  Artillery  Regiment)  October, 
1876,  being  successively  re  elected  in  1880  and  18S4,  but 
resigned  the  position  in  December,  1885,  after  serving 
eleven  years. 

He  was  repeatedly  tendered  the  positions  ofbrigadier- 
and  major-general,  but  declined,  preferring  to  command 
a  regiment. 

Colonel  Smedberg  joined  Lincoln  Post,  No.  1,  Depart- 
ment of  California,  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  in 
1875  ;  was  a  charter-member  of  George  H.Thomas  Post, 
No.  2  ;  adjutant-general  Department  of  California,  Febru- 
ary, 1885,  and  was  elected  department  commander  in 
February,  1S86.  To  his  energy  ami  efficiency  was 
largely  due  the  success  of  the  National  Encampment 
held  in  San  Francisco  in  August,  1886. 

At  the  Twenty-filth  National  Encampment  of  the 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  in  Detroit,  August,  1 89 1, 
he  was  a  prominent  candidate  for  commander-in-chief 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic. 

Upon  the  organization  of  the  Commander}-  of  Cali- 
fornia, Military  Order  Loyal  Legion,  U.  S.,  May,  1S71, 
he  was  elected  recorder;  re-elected  twenty  times  succes- 
sively. He  will  complete  his  twenty-first  year  as  re- 
corder in  May,  1 892. 

Since  his  retirement  from  the  army  in  1870,  Colonel 
Smedberg  has  been  well  and  favorably  known  as  a  busi- 
ness man  in  San  Francisco,  and  is  the  senior  partner 
of  a  prominent  fire-insurance  linn. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


38/ 


COLONEL  AND  BREVET  MAJOR-GENERAL  CHARLES 
H.  SMITH,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Colonel  and  Brevet  Major-General  Charles  H. 
Smith  was  born  in  Hollis,  Maine,  November  1,  1827.  He 
entered  the  volunteer  service  as  captain  of  the  First  Maine 
Cavalry  October  19,  iS6r,  and  was  sent  to  Augusta, 
Maine,  in  charge  of  a  squad  for  the  regiment,  soon  after 
enlistment.  He  was  subsequently  ordered  to  Washington 
City,  and  was  sent  with  his  company  from  there  to  Upton 
Hill,  Virginia,  to  take  charge  of  the  camps  abandoned  by 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  on  its  departure  for  the  Penin- 
sula, in  March,  1862.  He  participated  in  the  campaign 
of  1862,  including  the  reconnoissance  to  Front  Royal,  the 
battle  of  Cedar  Mountain  (after  which  he  was  detailed 
with  company  to  collect  wounded  and  bury  dead  on  battle- 
field, under  a  flag  of  truce),  the  retreat  of  General  Pope; 
the  second  battle  of  Bull  Run,  and  the  engagement  at 
Frederick  City.  1  [e  was  with  regiment  on  Stoneman's 
raid,  and  participated  in  the  battle  of  Brandy  Station, 
June  9,  and,  after  the  charge,  rallied  and  conducted  the 
regiment  from  enemy's  rear;  at  Middleburg  he  had  a 
horse  shot  under  him  ;  at  Upperville  he  led  the  charge 
through  the  town  ;  he  was  in  skirmish  with  the  enemy's 
rear-guard  at  Westminster,  Pennsylvania;  in  battle  of 
Gettysburg  and  the  pursuit  of  the  enemy  that  followed; 
in  skirmish  at  Halltown,  and  in  the  battle  of  Shepards- 
town;  commanded  First  Maine  and  Sixteenth  Pennsyl- 
vania Cavalry  on  reconnoissance  from  near  Auburn  to 
White  Plains,  through  Thoroughfare  and  Hopewell  Gaps, 
August  16  and  17;  he  was  on  a  reconnoissance  to  the 
Blue  Ridge  as  far  as  Sperryville,  October  12  and  13. 

He  was  promoted  major  February  16,  1863  ;  lieutenant- 
colonel  March  1,  1863,  and  colonel  June  18,  1863.  He 
conducted  a  reconnoissance  from  Centreville  to  Manassas, 
fighting  the  enemy,  October  14,  1863;  he  was  through 
the  Mine  Run  campaign,  and  conducted  the  rear-guard 
of  the  left  column  of  the  army  on  its  retreat  from  Mine 
Run  to  and  across  the  Rapidan,  November  26  to  De- 
cember 1  ;  commanded  four  regiments  from  Bealton 
Station  to  Luray,  encountering  the  enemy  at  Little 
Washington,  Sperryville,  and  Luray,  December  21  to 
24,  1863;  was  part  of  a  reconnoissance  in  force  from 
Bealton  Station  to  Front  Royal  and  return,  fighting  the 
enemy  at  Salem,  January  1  to  4,  1864.  He  commanded 
regiment  in  the  campaign  of  1864  from  April  29  to  June 
24;  reconnoissance  from  Chancellorsville  to  Fredericks- 
burg and  return,  participating  in  the  fight  at  Todd's  Tav- 
ern, May  5-8  ;  conducting  the  advance  from  Beaver  Dam 
Station  to  Ground  Squirrel  Bridge,  fighting  part  of  the 
way,  May  10,  and  was  rear-guard  of  the  corps,  having  a 
severe  fight  and  skirmish  near  Ground  Squirrel  Bridge 
(having  a  horse  shot  under  him),  May  1 1 ;  fighting  all 
day,  in  front  of  Richmond,  May  12;  conducting  the 
regiment  and  the  pioneers  of  the  division  from  Haxhall's 


Landing  to  the  Chickahominy  to  build  bridges,  and 
driving  off  the  enemy,  May  16-18;  fighting  at  Hawes's 
Shop,  May  28,  and  at  Trevilian  Station,  June  11  ;  con- 
ducting a  reconnoissance  to  Louisa  Court-House  and 
skirmishing  with  the  enemy,  June  12;  fighting  at  White 
House  Landing,  June  21,  and  in  the  battle  of  St.  Mary's 
Church,  June  24,  where  he  had  two  horses  shot  under  him, 
and  was  himself  shot  through  the  thigh,  about  two  o'clock 
in  the  afternoon,  but  did  not  relinquish  command  of  the 
regiment  till  the  day  was  done.  He  commanded  Second 
Brigade  in  the  severe  engagement  west  of  Ream's  Sta- 
tion, August  23  (where  he  was  wounded  in  the  ankle),  as 
well  as  in  the  battle  of  Ream's  Station,  August  25  ;  in  the 
fight  at  Wyatt  Farm,  September  29  ;  commanded  Third 
Brigade  in  the  battle  of  Boydton  Plank-road,  October  17 ; 
charged  and  drove  the  enemy  at  Rowanty  Creek,  and 
again  at  Gravelly  Run  ;  formed  on  the  right  of  infantry 
on  the  plank-road  to  repel  an  assault,  and  afterwards  pro- 
tected the  rear  of  the  Second  Corps  against  Hampton's 
cavalry  in  a  hard  fight;  in  reconnoissance  and  skirmish 
down  Weldon  Railroad,  November  7 ;  in  movement  to 
Stony  Creek,  where  he  fought  and  defeated  the  enemy, 
December  1,  and  in  movement  to  Bellefielcl,  December 
7-12,  skirmishing  with  enemy  continuously;  in  Appo- 
mattox campaign,  March  29  to  April  9,  1865  ;  engaged 
at  Dinwiddie  Court-House  (where  he  was  hit  in  the  leg 
by  a  bullet  which  had  passed  through  his  horse) ;  light 
at  Jettersville ;  in  the  battles  of  Sailor's  Creek,  Briery 
Creek,  Farmville,  and  at  Appomattox,  April  9,  and  in 
movement  against  Johnston's  army,  April  24  and  follow- 
ing days. 

Colonel  Smith  was  appointed  colonel,  Twenty-eighth 
U.  S.  Infantry,  July  2S,  1866,  and  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
and  major-general  U.S.  Army  March  2,  1867.  He  was 
transferred  to  the  Nineteenth  Infantry  in  1869,  and  served 
with  his  regiment  until  retired,  November  I,  1891. 


3SS 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  ms, 


R) 


MAJOR   FRANK   G.   SMITH.   U.S.A. 

Major  Frank  G.  Smith  (Second  Artillery)  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania  February  16,  1840.  He  graduated  as  a 
civil  engineer  at  Rensselaer  Polytechnic  Institute,  Troy, 
New  York,  in  the  Class  of  1S59.  He  entered  the  regular 
service  as  second  lieutenant  of  the  Fourth  Artillery 
August  5,  1, SO  1,  and  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  the 
same  day.  He  served  at  Camp  Duncan  until  December, 
[86i,and  then  with  Battery  I,  Fourth  Artillery,  in  the 
field  from  January,  1862,  throughout  the  war  of  the 
Rebellion,  except  the  last  campaign,  and  was  engaged  in 
the  siege  and  capture  of  Corinth,  Mississippi,  April  and 
May,  1862  ;  in  the  campaign  of  Buell  against  Bragg,  end- 
ing in  the  battle  of  Perryville,  Kentucky,  (  Ictober  8,  [862  ; 
in  the  operations  of  the  same  army  under  Rosecrans, 
through  the  Murfreesborough,  Tullahoma,  and  Chicka- 
mauga  campaigns,  to  October  19,  1863  ;  in  the  siege  of 
Chattanooga  and  battle  of  Missionary  Ridge,  November 
23-25,  1863;  in  the  battle  of  Nashville,  Tennessee, 
December  15—16,  1S64;  in  pursuit  of  Hood's  army  to 
the  Tennessee  River  in  December,  1864.  He  was  then 
with  Wilson's  Cavalry  Corps  (his  battery  equipped  as  a 
horse-battery)  at  Gravelly  Springs,  Mississippi,  Atlanta, 
and  Augusta,  Georgia,  to  <  Ictober,  1865. 

He  was  brevetted  captain  December  31,  1862,  for 
"  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  Stone 


River,  Tennessee,"  and  major,  September  20,  1863,  for 
"  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  Chicka- 
mauga,  Georgia,"  and  was  honorably  mentioned  in  reports 
on  the  battle  of  Perryville  and  Chickamauga. 

Major  Smith  was  adjutant  of  Camp  Duncan  in  Decem- 
ber, 1 86 1,  and  was  on  the  staff  of  Major-General  D.  C. 
Buell,  at  Louisville,  Kentucky,  in  December,  1861,  and 
January,  [862. 

At  the  close  of  the  war,  Major  Smith's  battery  was 
ordered  to  garrison  duty  at  Fort  McHenry,  Maryland, 
where  he  remained  on  duty  to  February,  1867,  when 
he  was  promoted  captain,  and  was  transferred  to  Fort 
Whipple,  Virginia,  but  soon  returned  to  Fort  McHenry, 
where  he  remained  until  Jul}-,  1870.  He  was  then  sta- 
tioned at  Raleigh,  and  other  places  in  North  Carolina, 
until  November,  1872,  when  his  regiment  changed  station 
to  the  Pacific  coast,  he  taking  station  at  Fort  Canby, 
Washington  Territory,  remaining  there  until  July,  1876. 

During  the  year  1876  the  Sioux  Indian  war  required 
so  man_\'  troops  in  the  held  that  the  artillery  was  called 
upon  for  frontier  service,  and  Major  Smith  with  his  bat- 
tery was  in  the  field  in  Nebraska  and  Dakota  from 
August,  1876,  to  January,  1877.  Returning  to  the 
Pacific  coast,  he  was  stationed  at  Alcatraz  Island,  Cali- 
fornia, to  July,  1878,  when  he  again  took  the  field  against 
hostile  Bannock  Indians  in  Nevada,  Oregon,  and  Idaho, 
to  October,  1878.  He  was  then  at  Angel  Island  ami  the 
Presidio  of  San  Francisco  until  September,  1 88 1,  when 
he  took  the  field,  and  participated  in  the  campaign  in 
Arizona  tin  ring  the  months  of  September  and  October, 
1881,  where  he  had  command  of  a  battalion  of  three 
batteries  of  the  Fourth  Artillery. 

The  Fourth  Artillery  was  transferred  to  the  Atlantic 
1  oast  in  the  fall  of  [88l,  and  Major  Smith  served  with 
it  at  Plattsburg  Barracks,  New  York,  and  Madison  Bar- 
racks, New  York,  to  September,  1882,  when  he  was 
transferred  to  Fort  Snelling,  Minnesota,  where  he  was 
employed  in  organizing  Light  Battery  F,  Fourth  Artil- 
lery, and  doing  duty  with  it  there  until  November,  1886. 
He  was  at  Fort  Adams,  Rhode  Island,  from  Novem- 
ber, 188''),  to  May,  1889,  and  then  at  Fort  McPherson, 
Georgia,  until  he  was  promoted  major  Second  Artillery, 
August  28,  1891,  when  he  was  assigned  to  duty  at  Fort 
Adams,  Rhode  Island,  which  is  now  his  station. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


389 


COMMANDER    FREDERICK   R.   SMITH.   U.S.N. 

Commander  Frederick  R.  Smi  hi  is  a  native  of  Maine, 
and  was  appointed  a  midshipman  from  that  State  in  1858, 
and  left  the  Naval  Academy  in  1861,  at  the  time  when 
the  classes  were  advanced  on  account  of  the  war.  He 
served  in  the  "Colorado,"  flag-ship,  West  Gulf  Blockad- 
ing Squadron,  and  then  in  the  steamer  "  Flambeau,"  as 
acting  master  and  navigator,  1862.  Then  on  the  South 
Atlantic  Blockade,  [862-63.  Became  lieutenant  and 
executive-officer  August  1,  [862.  Engagement  with  Fort 
McAllister;  on  boat  expedition  to  Bull's  Island,  South 
Carolina;  present,  but  not  participating,  in  Admiral 
Dupont's  first  fight  at  Charleston,  1864.  Served  as  flag- 
lieutenant  and  senior  watch-officer  in  the  "  Ticonderoga," 
in  Admiral  Lardner's  West  India  "  flying  squadron." 
Was  executive-officer  of  the  "  Rhode  Island,"  of  the 
North  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron,  1864-65.  At  both 
attack's  upon  Fort  Fisher,  and  commanded  a  detachment 
of  seamen  in  the  assault. 

In  the  Selnave  revolution  at  Cape  Haytien,  com- 
manded the  landing  part)-  from  the  "  Rhode  Island," 
which,  with  the  men  landed  from  IT.  B.  M.  gun-boat 
"  Lily,"  afforded  protection  to  the  foreign  merchants  of 
that  city.  Commissioned  lieutenant-commander  Jul)-, 
1866.  Served  in  " Ashuelot"  a  full  cruise.  Was  navi- 
gator while  convoying  the  iron-clad  "  Miantonomah" 
across  the  Atlantic  to  Queenstown,  Ireland.  Navigator 
of  "  Ashuelot"  until  her  arrival  at  Hong-Kong.  Was 
then  made  executive-officer,  and  finally  commanded  that 
vessel  until  detached  in  1870.  .After  being  on  equip- 
ment duty  at  the  Boston  Navy- Yard,  he  was  ordered  as 
executive-officer  of  the  U.  S.  flag-ship  "Severn,"  of  the 
North  Atlantic  Squadron.  Commanded  U.  S.  iron-clad 
"  Ajax"  on  her  voyage  from  Key  West,  Florida,  to 
League  Island  Navy- Yard,  1872.  The  same  year  he 
served  as  executive-officer  of  the  "  Iroquois,"  of  the 
North  Atlantic  Squadron,  during  the  ceremonies  of  the 
reception  of  the  Grand  Duke  Alexis,  of  Russia.  Was 
upon  ordnance  duty  at  Boston  in  1873,  and  inspector  of 
ordnance,  Key  West,  in  1874.  I^xecutive-officer  of  the 
"  Lancaster,"  flag-ship  of  South  Atlantic  Squadron,  in 
1875.     Afterwards    senior   aid   to   Commodore   Cooper, 


commanding  navy-yard,  Pensacola.  Commander  April 
6,  1875.  Commanded  iron-clad  "  Saugus,"  on  voyage 
from  Pensacola  to  Port  Royal,  South  Carolina. 

Commander  Smith  received  the  following  letter  from 
the  late  Admiral  D.  D.  Porter: 

"  Washington,  D.  C,  February  3,  1S75. 

"Sir, —  Having  applied  to  me  for  a  letter  stating  what 
I  know  about  your  services  and  your  reputation  as  an 
officer,  I  take  pleasure  in  saying  you  served  under  my 
command  on  board  the  U.  S.  S.  '  Rhode  Island,'  and 
was  handsomely  mentioned  by  your  commanding  officer, 
Captain  Trenchard,  in  both  attacks  on  Fort  Fisher,  in 
one  of  which  you  led  a  detachment  of  men  in  the  as- 
sault. 

"  I  also  made  a  passage  in  the  '  Rhode  Island,'  and 
had  an  opportunity  to  witness  the  most  excellent  disci- 
pline that  was  maintained  throughout  that  ship,  and  have 
reason  to  know  that  your  duties  were  always  performed 
with  ability. 

"  I  believe  your  moral  character  is  beyond  reproach. 
"  Very  respectfully, 

"  David  D.  Porter,  Admiral, 

"  To  Lt.-Commd'r  F.  R.  Smith,  U.  S.  N., 
"  Washington,  D.  C." 


39° 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN   AND  BREVET    MAJOR   HENRY   EAGLE 
SMITH.    U.S.A. 

Captain  axd  Brevet  Major  Henry  Eagle  Smith 
was  born  in  Brooklyn,  New  York,  August  8,  1842.  At 
the  commencement  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  he  entered 
the  volunteer  service  as  a  private  in  the  Seventy-first  New 
York  Militia,  April  19,  1 86 1 ;  was  promoted  color-sergeant 
April  2 1,  and  with  the  regiment  proceeded  to  Annapolis, 
Maryland,  and  marched  to  Washington  City,  April  25, 
when  he  did  duty  at  the  navy-yard  until  June  21,  when  he 
was  discharged  to  accept  the  appointment  of  fust  lieu- 
tenant in  the  Twelfth  U.  S.  Infantry,  to  date  from  May 
14,  1 861. 

He  was  on  duty  at  Fort  Hamilton,  New  York,  organ- 
izing Company  IX  First  Battalion,  Twelfth  Infantry, 
from  July  6,  1861,  to  March  5,  1862,  when  ordered  to 
join  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  in  the  field.  He  then 
served  in  the  Infantry  Reserve  to  May,  1862,  when  at- 
tached to  First  Brigade,  Second  Division,  Fifth  Army 
Corps,  to  latter  part  of  July,  1863. 

He  participated  in  the  siege  of  Yorktown  ;  reconnois- 
sance  to  Hanover  Court-House.  Virginia;  support  at 
battle  of  Mechanicsville ;  and  engaged  in  the  battles  of 
Gaines' Mill  and  Malvern  Hill,  Virginia.  After  marching 
from  Harrison's  Landing  to  Fort  Monroe,  he  was  taken 
sick,  and  was  absent  from  August  to  October,  [862, 
when  he  rejoined  his  regiment  at  Sharpsburg,  Maryland, 
and  participated  in  the  march  to  the  Rappahannock, 
being  engaged  in  action  at  Snicker's  Gap,  Virginia,  bat- 
tles of  Fredericksburg  and  Chancellorsville.  He  partici- 
pated in  the  Pennsylvania  campaign,  and  was  engaged 
in  the  battle  of  Gettysburg.  Returning  to  Virginia 
with  his  regiment,  he  was  ordered  to  New  York  with  his 
regiment  during  the  draft  riots,  and  did  duty  at  police 
head-quarters  in  command  of  two  companies  from  Au- 
gust, [863,  until  the  troubles  in  the  city  had  ended,  when 


he  was  detached  on  recruiting  service  and  mustering 
duty  in  New  York  City,  from  September  1,  1863,  to 
March,  1S65.  He  was  guarding  prisoners  at  Elmira  to 
May,  1865  ;  on  mustering  duty  at  Albany  to  September, 

1865,  and  then  ordered  to  join  his  regiment  at  Richmond, 
Virginia.  In  December,  1865,  he  was  ordered  to  Fort 
Hamilton,  and  organized  Company  A,  Third  Battalion. 

lie  was  commissioned  captain  Sept.  9,  1863,  and  then 
changed  to  Aug.  31,  1863,  and  was  brevetted  captain 
June  2J,  1863,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  at 
battle  of  Gaines'  Mill;  and  major,  July  2,  1863,  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  battle  of  Gettys- 
burg. 

Captain  Smith  moved  with  Companies  A  and  B  to 
Richmond  in  March,  1866,  and  was  in  command  of  the 
battalion  at  that  point  for  some  months,  when  ordered 
to  Washington   City,  where  he  remained  to  September, 

1866,  when  he  was  transferred  to  the  Twenty-first  In- 
fantry, April  21.  He  was  then  on  duty  at  City  Point, 
Virginia,  closing  up  the  affairs  of  the  Army  of  the  Poto- 
mac, until  April,  1S67,  when  ordered  to  Norfolk,  and  as- 
signed to  command  the  post;  also  acting  as  military 
commissioner  for  eight  counties,  including  the  cities  of 
Norfolk,  Suffolk,  and  Portsmouth,  till  December,  1868; 
on  leave  of  absence,  May,  1869,  in  Europe;  rejoined 
command  at  Omaha,  Nebraska,  before  expiration  of  leave, 
and  was  on  duty  there  till  May  10,  when  he  moved  to 
Sacramento,  California.  He  was  on  duty  at  the  Presidio 
and  Drum  Barracks  till  June  19,  1869,  crossing  the 
Colorado  desert,  a  continuous  march  of  fifty  miles; 
Gila  Desert,  fifty  miles  ;  Maricopa  Desert,  fifty-five  miles  ; 
in  heat  of  summer,  no  shade,  little  water,  and  that 
mostly  in  water-holes,  not  fit  to  drink  ;  on  the  march 
to  Camp  Goodwin,  Arizona,  via  Fort  Yuma  (one 
thousand  miles),  commanding  battalion  of  four  compa- 
nies during  the  entire  march;  arrived  August  24,  1869; 
and  on  duty  at  that  point,  participating  in  numerous 
scouts  against  the  Coyoteros  Apache  Indians  in  Sierra 
Blancas,  till  December,  1S70;  constructed  wagon-road 
from  F"ort  Goodwin  to  Fort  Apache,  seventy-five  miles 
due  north,  and  over  three  ranges  of  mountains  ;  at  com- 
pletion of  road,  located  present  post  of  Fort  Apache, 
Fort  Goodwin  having  been  abandoned  because  of  its 
unhealthy  location  ;  on  duty  at  Port  Apache  till  Decem- 
ber, 1870,  during  which  time  explored  from  Fort  Apai  he 
to  Fort  Wingate,  via  Zuni  villages,  for  a  new  freight- 
route,  about  one  hundred  ami  twenty-five  miles.  He  was 
honorably  discharged,  at  his  own  request,  December  31, 
1870. 

Captain  Smith  is  a  member  of  the  following  army 
societies:  Military  Order  Loyal  Legion,  Commandery 
State  of  New  York;  George  Washington  Post,  103, 
G.  A.  R.,  Department  of  New  York;  society  Army  of 
Potomac;   society  Fifth  Army  Corps. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


39' 


COLONEL  AND  BREVET  MAJOR-GENERAL  JOHN 
EUGENE  SMITH,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Colonel  and  Brevet  Major- General  John  Eugene 
Smith  was  born  in  the  canton  of  Berne,  Switzerland, 
August  3,  1 8 16.  His  father,  John  Bander  Smith,  in  his 
early  life  a  soldier,  followed  the  fortunes  of  Napoleon, — 
shared  the  rigor  of  the  Russian  campaign,  and  was  one 
of  the  few  survivors  of  the  fatal  retreat  from  Moscow. 
He  was  severely  wounded  at  Waterloo.  Leaving  his 
native  land,  he  arrived  in  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania, 
November  30,  1816,  where  he  died  September  22,  1848, 
a  respected  and  distinguished  member  of  the  Pennsyl- 
vania Horticultural  Society. 

General  Smith  received  an  academic  education,  and 
learned  the  trade  of  a  jeweller,  lie  went  to  St.  Louis, 
Missouri,  in  the  spring  of  1833,  and  removed  to  Galena, 
Illinois,  in  1838,  where  he  followed  his  avocation  until 
i860,  having  in  the  meantime  served  two  terms  in  the 
City  Council  and  one  term  as  a  member  of  the  County 
Board  of  Supervisors.  He  was  elected  county  treasurer 
for  Jo  Daviess  Count)'  in  i860,  and  the  same  year  ap- 
pointed aide-de-camp  to  the  Honorable  Richard  Yates, 
Governor  of  the  State  of  Illinois,  reporting  for  active  duty 
April  15,  1S61,  assisting  in  organizing  the  three  months' 
troops ;  also  with  General  Grant  and  others  in  organizing 
the  ten  provisional  regiments  authorized  by  the  special 
session  of  the  Legislature,  known  as  the  Ten-Regiment 
Bill. 

After  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run  he  recruited  and 
organized  the  Forty-fifth  Regiment  Illinois  Volunteers, 
known  as  the  Washburne  Lead-Mine  Regiment,  and  was 
commissioned  its  colonel,  ranking  from  July  23,  1861. 
This  regiment  followed  the  fortunes  of  the  Army  of  the 
Tennessee,  and  participated  with  honor  in  all  the  marches 
and  battles  of  that  arm)'  to  the  end  of  the  Rebellion. 

Colonel  Smith  was  promoted  brigadier-general  of 
volunteers  November  29,  1862,  and  assigned  to  the  com- 
mand of  the  Eighth  Division,  left  wing,  Sixteenth  Army 
Corps,  March  25.  Being  junior  commanding  a  division, 
was  succeeded  by  Brigadier- General  Tuttle,  and  assigned 
to  First  Brigade,  Third  Division,  Seventeenth  Army 
Corps,  June  3,  1863.  He  was  assigned  to  the  command 
of  Third  Division,  Seventeenth  Army  Corps,  October, 
1863.  On  the  march  to  the  relief  of  Chattanooga,  this 
division  was  designated  as  the  Third  Division,  Fifteenth 
Army  Corps,  participating  in  all  the  marches,  including 
the  great  "  march  to  the  sea,"  and  battles  of  the  Army  of 
the  Tennessee,  to  the  close  of  the  war. 

After  the  surrender  of  the  Confederate  forces  he  was 


relieved  from  duty  with  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee,  and 
assigned  to  the  command  of  the  District  of  West  Ten- 
nessee, head-quarters  at  Memphis. 

He  was  honored  with  the  brevet  of  major-general  of 
volunteers,  January  12,  1865,  for  "faithful  and  efficient 
services  and  for  gallantry  in  action,"  ami  subsecjuently 
mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service  April  30,  1866. 
In  June,  1 866,  he  was  appointed  United  States  assessor 
for  the  District  of  Utah.  July  28,  1866,  he  was  appointed 
colonel  of  the  Twenty-seventh  U.  S.  Infantry.  March  2, 
1867,  he  was  brevetted  brigadier-general  U.  S.  Army,  for 
"  gallant  ami  meritorious  services  in  the  siege  of  Vicks- 
burg,"  and  brevet  major-general  U.  S.  Army,  for  "  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  in  action  at  Savannah,  Georgia, 
December,  1864." 

During  the  consolidation  of  regiments  in  1869,  he  was 
assigned  to  duty  in  the  War  Department,  Washington, 
D.  C,  in  connection  with  Generals  McK.  Dunn  and 
Wager  Swayne,  investigating  claims  for  depredations 
during  the  war.  Dec.  20,  1870,  he  was  assigned  to  the 
Fourteenth  Infantry,  and  retired  for  age  Ma)-  19,  1881. 

General  Smith  served  on  the  Western  plains,  com- 
manding the  Mountain  District,  comprising  Forts  Phil 
Kearney,  C.  F.  Smith,  and  Fort  Reno,  until  they  were 
abandoned  in  compliance  with  treaty  with  the  Sioux 
Indians,  1867-68;  at  Fort  Laramie,  1S70-74. 

During  his  service  on  the  plains  he  has  encountered 
the  Sioux,  Cheyenne,  Arrapahoe,  and  Bannock  Indians, 
always  successfully,  and  acquired  their  confidence  by  his 
justice  in  dealing  with  them.  His  various  missions  to 
them  have  always  proved  satisfactory. 


392 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  [regular) 


COLONEL  JOSEPH    ROWE   SMITH.    U.S.A. 

Colonel  Joseph  Rowe  Smith  (Medical  Department) 
is  of  an  army  family.  His  lather,  General  J.  R.  Smith; 
his  uncle,  Major  Henry  Smith,  aid  to  General  Scott, 
afterwards  in  charge  of  Northern  Lake  Improvements, 
and  dying  at  Vera  Cruz  during  the  Mexican  War ;  his 
cousin,  W.  C.  Uellart,  of  court-martial  fame, — all  distin- 
guished themselves,  and  were  well  and  favorably  known 
in  the  army. 

Colonel  Smith  was  horn  at  Madison  Barracks,  New- 
York,  April  18,  1831.  He  was  liberally  educated,  receiv- 
ing the  degrees  of  A.B.  and  A.M.  at  the  University  of 
Michigan,  in  1848  and  [881. 

He  then  was  employed  as  engineer  under  the  Topo- 
graphical Bureau,  determining  the  boundary  between  the 
Cherokees  and  Creeks  in  1850,  and  laying  out  territorial 
roads  in   Minnesota  in  1S51. 

He  graduated  in  medicine  at  the  University  of  Buffalo 
in  [853,  soon  passed  the  Army  Medicaf  Board,  and  was 
commissioned  assistant  surgeon  in  1854. 

After  constant  frontier  service,  including  man;-  Indian 
and  the  Utah  expeditions,  he  was  captured  by  rebels  in 
Texas  in  April,  1861.  He  was  paroled  and  proceeded 
North,  and,  under  the  agreement  between  the  United 
Stabs  and  the  Confederate  States,  was  soon  after  released 
from  his  parole. 

He  was  at  once  selected  by  the  surgeon-general  to  or- 
ganize general  hospitals,  to  be  prepared  for  the  wounded 
from  the  approaching  first  battle  of  the  war,  Bull  Run, 
mu\  thereupon  organized  Seminar}-  Hospital  and  the  hos- 
pitals later  organized  in  Georgetown,  which  he  adminis- 
tered until  selected  by  Surgeon-General  Hammond  for 
executive  officer  in  the  Surgeon-General's  (  )ffice  in  [uly, 
1S62,  having  been  promoted  to  a  majority  in  June. 

In  August,  1862,  he  was  appointed  by  President  Lin- 
coln acting  surgeon-general. 


In  November,  1863,  he  went  to  Little  Rock-,  and  served 
as  medical  director,  Department  and  Army  of  Arkansas 
and  Seventh  Arm)-  Corps,  with  rank  of  lieutenant-colonel, 
under  Act  of  February  25,  1865,  until  assigned  as  medi- 
cal director,  Fourth  Military  District,  Vicksburg,  in  1867. 

While  so  serving  he  was  brevetted  lieutenant-colonel, 
U.S.A.,  for  "  superior  ability  and  excellent  management 
of  the  affairs  of  his  department"  (being  the  only  officer 
in  whose  case  this  language  was  used),  and  also  colonel 
for  "  meritorious  services  and  devotion  to  the  sick  during 
the  prevalence  of  the  cholera,"  etc. 

The  department  commander,  General  <  )rd,  urged  that 
he  be  brevetted  brigadier-general. 

After  1867  he  served  successively  as  post-surgeon  at 
Jefferson  Barracks,  Fort  Wayne,  and  Fort  Monroe,  and 
as  medical  director,  Department  of  Texas,  from  1879  to 
1885,  being  promoted  to  a  lieutenant-colonelcy  in  Janu- 
ary, 1885. 

Until  1887  he  served  as  attending  surgeon,  New  York 
City;  then  as  medical  director  Department  of  Dakota  till 
December,  1888,  and  thence  to  the  present  time  as  med- 
ical director  Department  of  Arizona,  being  promoted 
colonel  in  February,  1890. 

Besides  performing  full  share  of  duty  on  routine  boards 
and  courts-martial,  he  was  selected  by  General  Twiggs 
for  special  duty,  travelling  to  various  posts  in  the  Depart- 
ment of  Texas,  and  as  judge-advocate,  trying  cases,  and 
when,  in  1861,  retiring  boards  were  organized  under  the 
new  retirement  law,  he  was  selected  as  member  of  the 
early  boards. 

He  was  assigned  in  1862-63  as  member  of  board  for 
examination  of  assistant  surgeons  for  promotion,  and  in 
1867  as  president  medical  board  for  examination  of  can- 
didates for  appointment  as  assistant  surgeons  U.S.A.,  and 
ol  assistant  surgeons  for  promotion. 

In  1887  he  was  selected  by  the  War  Department  as  a 
member  of  the  board  for  preparing  rules  and  regulations 
for  the  then  recently-organized  Hospital  Corps. 

He  was  selected  and  detailed  by  the  Secretary  of  War 
to  represent  the  Medical  Department  of  the  army  at  the 
meetings  of  the  American  Medical  Association  in  1874- 
77,  and  [882-85;  of  the  Public  Health  Association  in 
1880;  of  the  International  Medical  Congress  in  1876  in 
Philadelphia,  and  in  1887  in  Washington. 

He  was  elected  vice-president  of  the  American  Medi- 
cal Association  in  1877-78,  and  of  the  Ninth  Interna- 
tional Congress,  as  well  as  of  its  section  of  military  and 
naval  medicine  and  surgery,  in  1887,  and  is  member  of 
many  medical  societies. 

Besides  purely  official  reports,  he  has  published  many 
papers  on  various  subjects. 

A  large  and  influential  number  of  army  officers  and 
physicians  in  civil  life  desire  to  see  Colonel  Smith  ap- 
pointed surgeon-general  of  the  army. 


UV/O  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


393 


REAR-ADMIRAL  MELANCTHON  SMITH,  U.S.N. 
(retired). 

Rear-Admiral  Melancthon  Smith. — This  veteran 
officer  comes  of  good  fighting  stock,  as  his  father,  of  the 
same  name,  served  as  colonel  in  the  War  of  1812,  and 
commanded  Fort  Moreau,  at  the  battle  of  Plattsburg. 
Sidney  Smith,  his  uncle,  who  was  a  captain  in  the  U.  S. 
Navy,  served  under  McDonough  at  the  same  time.  I  lis 
grandfather,  also  named  Melancthon,  was  a  leader  in  Rev- 
olutionary times,  sheriff  of  Dutchess  County,  New  York, 
in  1777,  and  a  delegate  to  the  convention  of  the  State  to 
take  into  consideration  the  Constitution  of  the  United 
States. 

Admiral  Smith  was  born  in  New  York,  May,  18 10, 
and  appointed  a  midshipman  March,  1826.  Our  space 
only  enables  us  to  state  that  after  the  usual  service 
he  was  sent  to  the  Naval  School,  and  became  a  passed 
midshipman  in  June,  1832.  .After  active  employment 
he  was  promoted  master  in  1836,  and  lieutenant  in 
1837.  He  then  served  in  the  Florida  war,  commanding 
a  fort  and  a  twenty-oared  barge  a  part  of  the  lime.  He 
then  served  at  New  York  ;  the  Mediterranean  Squadron  ; 
and  in  various  other  service  until  1846.  He  was  then 
executive-officer  at  Pensacola  for  two  years,  and  served 
in  the  frigate  "  Constitution,"  in  the  Mediterranean,  a 
full  cruise. 

Commander  in  September,  1855.  After  various  com- 
mands, during  which,  in  the  "  Massachusetts,"  he  en- 
gaged the  fort  at  Ship  Island,  July  9,  1861,  and  three 
Confederate  steamers  and  a  revenue  cutter  oil  Ship 
Island,  he  had  also  an  engagement  with  the  rebel 
steamer    "  Florida,"   in    Mississippi    Sound,   in   October, 

1861.  He  grappled  and  cut  the  telegraph  wire  between 
Shieldsborough  anil  Pass  Christian,  and  captured  a  two- 
gun  battery  at  Biloxi,  during  this  service.  He  was  then 
ordered  to  command  of  the  "  Mississippi,"  and  served  at 
the  passage  of  the  forts  below  New  Orleans,  and  the  de- 
struction of  the  rebel  ram  "  Manassas."  Admiral  Farra- 
gut  said,  in  his  report  of  these  operations,  "Just  as  the 
scene  appeared  to  be  closing,  the  ram  '  Manassas'  was 
seen  coming  up  under  a  full  head  of  steam  to  attack  us. 
I  directed  Captain  Smith,  in  the  '  Mississippi,'  to  turn 
and  run  her  down.  This  order  was  instantly  obeyed  by 
the  '  Mississippi'  turning  ami  going  at  her  at  full  speed. 
Just  as  we  expected  to  see  the  ram  annihilated,  when 
within  fifty  yards  of  each  other,  she  put  her  helm  hard- 
a-port,  dodged  the  '  Mississippi,'  and  ran  ashore.  The 
'  Mississippi'  poured  two  broadsides  into  her,  and  sent 
her  drifting  down  the  river  a  total  wreck.  Thus  closed 
our  morning's  fight."  The  details  of  this  particular  fight 
are  most  thrilling,  but  we  cannot  introduce  them.  Chal- 
mette  batteries  were  passed  with  the  rest ;  and  in  July, 

1862,  Commander  Smith  became  captain,  remaining  in 
the  stanch    old    "  Mississippi,"    and    in    all   the   engage- 
So 


ments  up  to  March,  1863,  when,  in  attempting  to  pass 
the  batteries  at  Fort  Hudson,  she  grounded  in  twenty- 
three  feet  of  water,  and  heeled  to  port.  In  spite  of  every 
effort  of  her  veteran  officers  and  crew,  she  could  not  be 
moved.  The  enemy  got  the  range,  and  were  hulling  her 
at  every  shot.  At  last  Captain  Smith  gave  the  order 
to  set  the  ship  on  fire,  which  was  done  in  four  differ- 
ent places  between  decks.  When  the  flames  had  ob- 
tained sufficient  headway,  the  ship  was  abandoned  under 
a  most  heavy  fire,  in  the  most  orderly  way,  quietly,  and 
without  confusion,  Captain  Smith  being  the  last  to  leave 
her.  By  his  cool  and  courageous  bearing  under  such 
trying  circumstances,  Captain  Smith  won  universal  admi- 
ration, and  his  course  was  approved  by  Admiral  Farra- 
gut  and  by  the  Navy  Department.  He  was  then  ordered 
to  command  the  "  Monongahela,"  and  was  in  the  attacks 
upon  Port  Hudson  upon  many  occasions. 

After  temporary  command  of  the  "  Onondaga,"  iron- 
clad, he  served  in  the  Albemarle  Sound,  engaging  the 
ram  "Albemarle,"  and  capturing  her  consort,  the  "Bomb- 
shell." 

He  returned  to  the  "  Onondaga,"  as  divisional  offi- 
cer in  James  River,  and  was  transferred  to  the  com- 
mand of  the  frigate  "  Wabash,"  which  vessel  he  com- 
manded in  both  the  bombardments  of  Fort  Fisher. 

After  the  war  Captain  Smith  was  attached  to  the 
Washington  Navy- Yard,  and  on  July  25,  1866,  was 
commissioned  as  commodore.  He  then  held  the  posi- 
tion of  chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Equipment  and  Recruiting 
in  the  Navy  Department  for  four  years.  This  is  an 
office  which  requires  confirmation  by  the  Senate  of  the 
United  States. 

He  was  commissioned  as  rear-admiral  in  July,  1870, 
and  was  commandant  of  the  New  York  Navy-Yard  until 
his  retirement,  by  operation  of  law,  in  1872. 


394 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN  JAMES  A.  SNYDER,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Captain  James  A.  Snyder  was  born  March  u,  1837, 
at  Alexandria,  D.  C,  and  at  the  age  of  sixteen  (in  1S5  3) 
he  became  a  member  of  the  scientific  part}-  (assistant 
topographer)  in  an  exploration  and  survey  for  a  Pacific 
railroad,  under  the  command  of  Captain  J.  W.  Gunnison, 
Topographical  Engineers,  U.S.A.,  and  during  this  expe- 
dition, in  addition  to  his  other  duties,  was  employed  in 
the  collection  of  botanical  specimens.  Again,  in  1X58, 
he  became  a  member  of  the  Pacific  Wagon-road  Expe- 
dition, under  charge  of  Colonel  F.  W.  Lander,  C.  E.,  in 
the  construction  of  a  wagon-road  from  the  Smith  Pass, 
Rocky  Mountains,  to  the  Pacific  coast,  serving  as  quar- 
termaster and  commissary  of  the  expedition,  in  addition 
to  his  duties  as  assistant  engineer.  He  remained  on  this 
work  until  its  completion,  in  i860.  At  the  breaking  out 
of  the  war  he  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  a  sec- 
ond lieutenant  in  the  Third  U.S.  Infantry,  to  date  from 
August  5,  1861.  He  joined  his  regiment  in  Washington 
City,  August  10,  1 861,  and  performed  patrol-duty  in  that 
city  up  to  February,  1862,  when  he  was  appointed  aide- 
de-camp  of  volunteers  and  assigned  to  the  staff  of  Briga- 
dier-General George  Sykes,  who  commanded  the  regular 
infantry,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  serving  with  that  officer 
from  February,  1S62,  to  November,  1864. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  December  3,  1863. 

He  then  rejoined  his  regiment  in  Washington,  serving 
with  it  but  a  short  time,  when  he  was  placed  on  duty  in 
the  Judge- Advocate-General's  Office,  under  the  immediate 
direction  of  Adjutant- General  Nichols,  remaining  on  this 
duty  until  his  regiment  was  ordered  to  St.  Louis,  Mis- 
souri, in  1865,  when  he  accompanied  it  to  that  place,  and 
on  January  1,  1866,  was  appointed  regimental  adjutant, 
serving  in  that  capacity  until  August,  1866,  when  he  re- 
ceived a  detail  for  recruiting  service,  and  was  assigned 
to  duty  in  New  York  City  in  September,  1866.      He  was 


relieved  in  September,  1868,  and  assigned  to  duty  at 
David's  Island,  New  York,  as  assistant  quartermaster  and 
post  adjutant,  serving  until  Jul}-,  1869. 

He  was  promoted  captain  December  31,  1867. 

Captain  Snyder  served  with  his  regiment  in  New  Or- 
leans and  Natchitoches,  Louisiana,  being  in  command  at 
the  latter  place  ;  and,  on  being  relieved  from  that  duty 
(the  last  named),  received  the  following  complimentary 
letter  from  the  citizens  of  that  place: 

"The  undersigned  citizens  of  the  parish  of  Natchitoches, 
having  learned  with  regret  that  at  your  own  request  your 
command  is  about  to  be  removed  from  our  midst,  take 
this  occasion  to  express  their  high  appreciation  of  your 
character  as  a  gentleman  and  as  an  officer  of  the  United 
States  Army.  While  you  have  so  faithfully  discharged 
your  duties  as  an  officer  during  your  stay  among  us, 
your  conduct  as  a  citizen  has  fully  convinced  us  that  you 
made  it  a  point  to  be  always  guided  by  the  adage, '  Cedant 
arma  togae.'  In  expressing  their  views,  we  feel  confident 
that  we  but  reflect  the  sentiments  of  our  people.  Be 
assured,  sir,  that  our  good  wishes  attend  you  wherever 
your  duty  as  a  soldier  may  demand  your  services." 

Captain  Snyder  served  with  his  regiment  in  Pennsylva- 
nia during  the  railroad  riots,  and  accompanied  it  to  Mon- 
tana in  the  winter  of  1S77,  serving  with  it  in  that  Territory 
at  Helena,  Fort  Shaw,  Fort  Ellis,  and  Fort  Custer.  In 
1870  he  accompanied  the  Eighteenth  Infantry  from  the 
Coal  Banks,  Montana,  to  Fort  Assinniboine,  Montana, 
and  made  the  survey  of  the  military  reservation  of  that 
post,  and,  on  finishing  the  work,  received  from  Colonel 
(now  General)  Rugerthe  following  complimentary  letter : 

"  The  commanding  officer  desires  mc  to  express  his 
thanks  ami  approbation  to  Captain  Snyder  for  services 
rendered  the  command  on  the  movement  from  the  Coal 
Banks  and  at  this  place,  and  especially  for  the  faithful  and 
efficient  manner  in  which  he  has  performed  the  duty  of 
making  the  surveys  for  the  military  reservation  at  the 

post" 

In  August,  1877,  received  a  leave  of  absence  on  account 
of  sickness,  and  reported  to  Washington,  D.  C,  for  medi- 
cal treatment,  and  on  November  13,  18S9,  was  retired, 
"  for  disability  in  line  of  duy."  His  present  place  of  resi- 
dence is  Washington,  D.  C. 

Captain  Snyder  served  as  adjutant  Third  Infantry  from 
January  1  to  August  6,  1866,  and  was  recommended  for 
promotion,  by  General  George  Sykes,  for  services  at  the 
battle  of  Chancellorsville,  Virginia,  in  May,  1863. 

During  his  tour  of  services,  Captain  Snyder  participated 
in  siege  of  Yorktown,  Virginia ;  battles  of  Gaines'  Mills 
and  Malvern  Hill,  Virginia;  Antietam,  Maryland;  engage- 
ment at  Shepherdstown, Virginia;  skirmish  at  Snicker's 
Gap,  Virginia  ;  battles  of  Fredericksburg  and  Chancellors- 
ville, Virginia;  Bristoe  campaign,  and  battle  of  Rappa- 
hannock Station. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


395 


MEDICAL  INSPECTOR  JOHN  C.   SPEAR,  U.S.N. 

(retired). 

Medical  Inspector  John  C.  Spear  was  born  near 
Middletown,  Delaware,  March  12,  1839;  was  graduated 
at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  as  Doctor  of  Medicine, 
1861.  Commissioned  assistant  surgeon  in  the  U.  S. 
Navy  May  9,  1 861  ;  joined  U.  S.  frigate  "  Roanoke,"  May, 
1861  ;  engaged  blockading  Charleston  and  Wilmington  ; 
participated  in  the  engagement  between  the  United  States 
vessels-of-war  and  the  rebel  ram  "  Merrimac,"  Hampton 
Roads,  March  8  and  9,  1862;  was  ordered  on  board  the 
"  Monitor"  directly  after  the  fight  to  help  to  dress  wounds 
of  Captain  John  L.  Worden,  aiding  Acting  Assistant  Sur- 
geon Logue  of  the  "  Monitor;"  joined  the  U.  S.  steamer 
"  Mahaska,"  April,  1862,  and  was  employed  on  the  block- 
ade of  the  Atlantic  coast  for  several  months ;  present  at 
the  battle  of  Malvern  Hill,  and  aided  there  in  caring  for 
wounded  soldiers  both  on  board  ship  and  on  shore; 
present  at  the  shelling  of  Ruggle's  Point  and  other  minor 
engagements  with  rebel  batteries  on  the  James  and  the 
York  Rivers;  served  as  surgeon  and  adjutant  of  a 
land  expedition  under  Commander  Foxhall  A.  Parker, 
U.S.N.,  to  Matthews'  Court-House,  Virginia;  engaged 
with  rebel  batteries,  mouth  of  Cape  Fear  River,  North 
Carolina ;  ordered  to  U.  S.  flag-ship  "  Minnesota"  in 
the  autumn  of  1862,  and  served  on  board  of  her,  North 
Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron,  till  the  summer  of  1863. 
Promoted  to  passed  assistant  surgeon  October  26,  1863  ; 
on  duty  at  navy-yard,  Philadelphia,  1863-64.  Commis- 
sioned surgeon  June  2^,  [864;  attached  to  the  U.  S.  S. 
"Seminole,"  West  Gulf  Blockading  Squadron,  [864; 
present  at  the  bombardment  and  surrender  of  Fort 
Morgan,  Mobile  Bay;  transferred  to  U.  S.  S.  "  Monon- 
gahcla,"  November,  1864,  and  served  on  blockade  off 
the  coast  of  Texas  until  spring  of  1865,  when  ship  was 
ordered  home  to  New  York  at  close  of  the  war ;  was 
attending  surgeon  in  the  city  of  Washington,  1865,  and 
also  did  duty  as  assistant  to  the  chief  of  Bureau  of  Medi- 
cine and  Surgery  in  the  Navy  Department  at  the  same 
time;  ordered  to  U.  S.  S.  "  Swatara,"  October,  1S65  ; 
cruised  in  West  Indies,  1S65-66;  in  Europe  and  West 
Coast  of  Africa,  1866-68;  "Swatara"  captured  John 
H.  Surratt  in  Alexandria,  Egypt,  and  brought  him  to 
Washington  ;  autumn  of  1868,  detached  from  "  Swatara" 
and  transferred  to  flag-ship  "  Franklin,"  Admiral  Farra- 
gut,  and  returned  to  United  States;  on  duty  at  Naval 
Rendezvous,  Philadelphia,  1869-70;  in  the  winter  of 
1870-71  served  as  geologist  of  the  Tehuantepec  Sur- 
veying Expedition,  and  wrote  a  report  of  the  geology 
and  general  resources  of  the  Isthmus  with  reference  to 


the  construction  of  a  ship-canal  there ;  ordered  to  Naval 
Hospital  in  Philadelphia,  1871  ;  served  on  the  U.  S.  S. 
"  <  )maha,"  1872-74,  cruising  on  coast  of  Brazil,  and  in 
I  In-  South  Pacific;  went  as  one  of  the  boat's  crew  of 
volunteers  to  pick  up  an  officer  and  man  overboard  at 
sea,  off  east  coast  of  Patagonia,  heavy  sea  running  at  the 
time  ;  attached  to  the  U.  S.  receiving-ship  "  Potomac," 
1S74-75  ;  served  on  theU.  S.  monitor  "  Dictator,"  North 
Atlantic  Squadron,  for  eighteen  months,  from  June, 
1875;  had  charge  of  quarantine  measures  to  protect 
U.  S.  vessels-of-war  in  Port  Royal  waters  from  yellow 
fever,  during  an  epidemic  in  the  vicinity  ;  commander-in- 
chief  of  station  officially  commended  services  to  Navy 
Department,  under  date  of  September  29,  1876;  on  duty 
in  Washington,  1877-78,  as  member  of  Examining  Board 
for  admission  and  promotion  of  medical  officers.  Pro- 
moted to  medical  inspector,  with  relative  rank  of  com- 
mander, October,  1878  ;  ordered  to  U.  S.  flag-ship  "  Tren- 
ton" as  fleet-surgeon,  European  Station,  September,  1879, 
servingtill  1881  ;  member  of  Medical  Examining  Board, 
Navy  Department,  1881-82  ;  and  member  of  Examining 
Board  in  Philadelphia,  1882-83,  for  admission  and  pro- 
motion of  medical  officers  ;  served  as  surgeon  of  the 
navy-yard,  New  York,  1883-86;  was  ordered  as  director 
of  U.  S.  Naval  Laboratory,  Brooklyn,  New  York,  Septem- 
ber, [886,serving  till  Jul)',  1887,  when  was  granted  leave 
for  one  year  on  account  of  ill  health.  Placed  on  retired 
list,  September  14,  1888.  Member  of  the  Military  Order 
of  the  Loyal  Legion  of  U.  S.,  No.  7353  ;  member  of  the 
Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia  (1869). 

Medical  Inspector  Spear  was  retired  in  consequence  of 
disability  incurred  in  the  line  of  duty. 


396 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   XAVY  {regular) 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL  DAVID  S.  STANLEY,  U.S.A. 
(retired). 

Brigadier-General  David  S.  Stanley  was  burn  in 
Ohio  June  i,  1828,  and  graduated  at  the  Military  Acad- 
emy in  the  Class  of  1852.  He  was  promoted  brevet  sec- 
ond lieutenant  of  the  Second  Dragoons  the  same  ddx  ; 
second  lieutenant  September  6,  1853;  second  lieutenant 
of  the  First  Cavalry  March  3,  1S55,  and  captain  of  the 
Fourth  Cavalry  March  16,  1861,  up  to  this  time  having 
served  on  the  frontier  with  distinction  against  the  Indians, 
especially  the  Comanches.  He  also  participated  in  several 
actions  in  Missouri  in  1861. 

Lie  was  commissioned  brigadier-general  of  volunteers 
September  2S,  1S61,  and  major-general  November  29, 
1S62. 

He  commanded  a  division  of  the  Army  of  General 
Rosecrans  at  the  battle  of  Corinth,  and  distinguished 
himself  as  commander  of  all  the  cavalry  at  the  great 
battle  of  Stone  River  in  1S63.  He  participated  in 
the  Tullahoma,  Chickamauga,  Missionary  Ridge,  and 
Atlanta  campaigns  of  [863-64.  About  August  1,  of 
the  latter  year,  the  command  of  the  Fourth  Corps,  in 
General  Sherman's  army,  devolved  upon  him,  and  in 
(  >ctober,  1864,  he  was  ordered  with  his  corps  to  Nash- 
ville, to  report  to  General  Thomas.  He  had  been  en- 
gaged  in  the  battle  of  Stone  River,  actions  of  Guy's  Gap 
and  Shelby ville,  Tenn.,  battles  of  Chickamauga,  Mis- 
sionary Ridge,  Taylor's  Ridge,  Resaca,  Jonesborough, 
Adairsville,  and  on  to  Atlanta,  and  in  the  battle  of 
Franklin,  Tenn.,  November  30,  1S64,  of  which  General 
Thomas,  in  a  letter  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  September 
14,  1865,  says, — 

•'  In  the  discharge  of  his  duties  in  the  various  positions 
held  by  him  as  a  division  and  corps  commander,  as 
well  as  in  less  responsible  positions,  he  has  given  entire 
satisfaction.     By  his  personal  attention  to  the  wants  and 


necessities  of  the  troops  subject  to  his  orders,  he  was 
enabled  to  report  more  than  the  usual  proportion  as  be- 
ing fit  for  duty,  and,  though  a  strict  disciplinarian,  his 
just  and  impartial  treatment  of  all  won  for  him  the 
respect  and  high  esteem  of  his  entire  command.  Careful 
anil  skilful  in  the  handling  and  management  of  troops, 
both  in  putting  them  in  proper  positions,  and  in  directing 
movements  under  fire,  he  at  all  times  exhibited  before 
his  troops  those  sterling  qualities  of  a  true  soldier,  which 
they  were  but  waiting  to  adopt  as  their  own  and  with 
their  leader  breast  the  storm  of  battle.  A  more  cool 
and  brave  commander  would  be  a  difficult  task  to  find, 
and,  although  he  has  been  a  participant  in  many  of  the 
most  sanguinary  engagements  in  the  West,  his  conduct 
has  on  all  occasions  been  so  gallant  and  marked  that  it 
would  be  almost  doing  an  injustice  to  him  to  refer  par- 
ticularly to  any  isolated  battle-field. 

"  I  refer,  therefore,  only  to  the  battle  of  Franklin,  Tenn., 
November  30,  1S64,  because  it  is  the  more  recent,  and 
one  in  which  his  gallantry  w, is  so  marked  as  to  merit  the 
admiration  of  all  who  saw  him. 

"  It  was  here  that  his  personal  bravery  was  more  de- 
cidedly brought  out,  perhaps,  than  on  any  other  field, 
and  the  terrible  destruction  and  defe.it  which  disheartened 
and  checked  the  fierce  assaults  of  the  enemy  is  due  more 
to  his  heroism  and  gallantry  than  to  any  other  officer  on 
the  field." 

Badeau,  in  his  "  History  of  the  Life  of  General  Grant," 
thus  alludes  to  the  operations  of  General  Stanley  at 
Spring  Hill,  just  prior  to  the  battle  of  Franklin  : 

"  Thus  one  of  the  most  difficult  and  dangerous  opera- 
tions in  the  war  was  executed  with  equal  success  and 
skill;  the  army  was  extricated  from  a  situation  of  im- 
minent peril,  in  the  face  of  greatly  superior  numbers,  and 
the  opportunity  for  which  Hood  had  labored  so  long  was 
snatched  from  his  grasp." 

General  Stanley  was  twice  wounded  during  the  war, 
at  Jonesborough  and  Franklin,  in  the  last-named  having 
led  the  brigade  which  restored  the  break  in  the  main  line 
of  battle,  which  had  just  been  penetrated  by  the  Confed- 
erate force. 

He  was  brevetted  brigadier-  and  major-general  U.  S. 
Army  March  13,  1865,  for  gallantly,  and  appointed  colo- 
nel of  the  Twenty-second  Infantry  July  28,  1866. 

It  would  be  impossible  in  this  short  sketch  to  enumer- 
ate the  subsequent  career  of  General  Stanley  in  his  vari- 
ous duties.  His  life  has  been  that  of  the  officer  on  the 
frontier,  in  garrison,  on  expeditions,  campaigns,  and  en- 
counters with  Indians  of  various  tribes  in  different  sec- 
tions of  the  country. 

He  was  appointed  brigadier-general  U.  S.  Army 
March  24,  1SS4,  and  assigned  to  the  command  of  the 
Department  of  Texas,  which  he  now  holds,  but  will  be 
retired  by  operation  of  law  June  1,  1892. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


397 


COMMODORE  OSCAR  F.  STANTON,  U.S.N. 

Commodore  Oscar  F.  Stanton  is  a  native  of  New 
York,  and  appointed  midshipman  from  that  State  in  De- 
cember, 1849.  Served  on  board  the  U.  S.  steam-frigate 
"  Susquehanna"  in  the  East  Indies,  China  Seas,  and  Japan 
Expedition  under  Commodore  M.  C.  Perry,  December, 
1850,  to  June,  1853;  U.  S.  sloop-of-war  "Saratoga," 
China  and  Japan  Seas,  June,  1853,  to  September,  [854; 
Naval  Academy,  September,  1854,  to  June,  18155  ;  U.  S. 
ship  "Constellation,"  Mediterranean  Squadron,  August, 
1855,  to  August,  1858;  U.S.  steamer  "  Memphis,"  Para 
guay  Expedition,  October,  1858,  to  June,  1859;  U.S. 
store-ship  "Supply"  and  U.  S.  sloops-of-war  "Ports- 
mouth" and  "  Marion,"  West  Coast  of  Africa,  September, 
1859,  to  October,  i860;  U.  S.  sloop-of-war  "St.  Mary's," 
Pacific  Squadron,  December,  i860,  to  March,  1862  ;  U.  S. 
steamer  "Tioga,"  James  River  and  Potomac  Flotilla  and 
West  India  Flying  Squadron,  May,  1862,  to  November, 
1863;  U.  S.  steam  gun-boat  "  Pinola,"  West  Gulf  Block- 
ading, December,  1863,  to  November,  1864;  ordnance 
duty,  New  York  Navy-Yard,  December,  1S64,  to  March, 
1865  ;  U.S.  frigate  "  Powhatan,"  March  to  August,  1865, 
East  Gulf  Blockading  Squadron  ;  navy-yard,  New  York, 
August  to  November,  1865  ;  Naval  Academy,  Novem- 
ber, 1865,  to  May,  1867;  U.  S.  steamer  "  Tahoma,"  Gulf 
Squadron,  May  to  September,  1S67;  U.  S.  store-ship 
"  Purveyor,"  Gulf  of  Mexico  and  West  Coast  of  Africa, 
Jul_\-,  1868,  to  May,  1869;  U.  S.  receiving-ship  "Vanda- 
lia,"  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  February,  1870,  to 
April,  1871 ;  U.  S.  steamer  "  Monocacy,"  China  and 
Japan  Seas,  January,  1872,  to  June,  1873  ;  U.  S.  steamer 
"  Yantic,"  China  and  Japan  Seas,  June,  1873,  to  October, 
1S74;  navy-yard,  Norfolk,  Virginia,  November,  1874,  to 


March,  1877  ;  Torpedo  Station,  June  to  September,  1878  ; 
U.  S.  frigate  "  Constitution,"  training-ship,  October,  1879, 
to  June,  1881  ;  U.  S.  Naval  Asylum,  November,  1881,  to 
I  October,  1884;  U.  S.  steamer  "Tennessee,"  November, 
1884,  to  October,  1885  ;  Naval  Station,  New  London,  Con- 
necticut, October,  1885,  to  April,  1889.  Naval  Training 
Station  at  Newport,  Rhode  Island,  July,  1890,  to  July, 
1 89 1.  Promoted  to  passed  midshipman,  June,  1855  ; 
promoted  to  master  in  line  of  promotion,  September, 
1855  ;  promoted  to  lieutenant,  April,  1856;  promoted  to 
lieutenant-commander,  July,  1862;  promoted  to  com- 
mander, December,  1867;  promoted  to  captain,  June, 
1879;  commissioned  commodore,  May,  1891. 

At  present  governor  of  the  U.  S.  Naval  Home  at  Phil- 
adelphia. 


393 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (regular) 


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REAR-ADMIRAL  CHARLES  STEEDMAN,  U.S.N. 

(hi  (I  VSED). 

Rear-Admiral  Charles  Steedman  was  born  in  parish 
of  St.  fames,  Santee,  South  Carolina.  Appointed  mid- 
shipman in  the  navy  April  i,  1828  ;  first  duty  at  the  New 
York  Navy- Yard;  served  in  the  West  Indies  as  mid- 
shipman in  the  sloops-of-war  "  Natchez"  and  "  Fairfield," 
and  schooner  "Grampus."  Promoted  to  passed  mid- 
shipman January  14,  1S34.  In  the  Mediterranean, 
on  beard  of  the  frigates  "Constitution"  and  "United 
States,"  and  schooner  "Shark,"  in  the  years  1836-38; 
and  in  the  West  Indies,  on  board  the  "  Macedonian,"  up 
ti»  1840, — the  last  six  months  as  acting  lieutenant.  Pro- 
moted as  lieutenant  February  25,  1.S41  ;  served  in  the 
brig  "Dolphin,"  on  the  Home  Station  and  West  Indies; 
invalid  and  sent  home,  1S42  ;  Coast  Survey,  [843—44; 
served  in  the  West  Indies  and  Gulf  of  Mexico  on  board 
of  the  "St.  Mary's,"  1845-47;  commanded  the  eight- 
inch  gun  on  naval  battery  at  the  bombardment  of  Vera 
Cruz,  and  commanded  the  "  St.  Mary's"  launch  in  an 
attempt  to  surprise  and  capture  Mexican  gun-boats  in- 
side of  Tampico  bar;  attached  to  Naval  Observatory 
from  latter  part  of  1847  to  first  of  [849;  served  on  board 
frigate  "Cumberland,"  in  the  Mediterranean,  1S50-51; 
attached  to  Naval  Observatory,  1853-55.  Commissioned 
as  commander,  September  14,  1855;  special  duty  in 
Washington,  1857-58;  revising  signal  code  and  framing 
station  bills  for  ships  of  the  navy;  commanded  brig 
"  Dolphin,"  Paraguay  Expedition,  1859-60,  and  was  left 
in  command  of  Brazil  Squadron  when  Flag-Officers 
Shubrick  and  Forrest  returned  home;  remained  in  com- 
mand for  nine  months,  until  the  arrival  of  Flag-Officer 
Sands;  returned  home  December,  i860;  when  Rebellion 
broke  out  was  on  leave;  volunteered  to  Admiral 
Dupont  for  any  service;  was  by  him  sent  to  take  com- 
mand of  the  Baltimore  Railroad  Company's  steamboat 


"  Maryland;"  kept  communication  open  between  Havre- 
de- Grace  and  Annapolis  until  the  railroad  bridges  were 
repaired,  and  communication  opened  between  Baltimore 
and  Philadelphia;  was  first  to  telegraph  from  Havre- 
de-Grace  to  General  Patterson  that  General  Butler  had 
landed  at  Annapolis  with  Massachusetts  regiment  and 
Seventh  New  York  Regiment,  and  had  opened  com- 
munication with  Washington ;  in  [861,  ordered  to  join 
Commodore  Foote  on  the  Mississippi;  soon  detached 
and  ordered  to  take  command  of "  Bienville ;"  attached 
to  Port  Royal  Expedition,  under  Flag-Officer  Dupont; 
led  the  second  column  in  the  attack  and  capture  of  Port 
Royal;  in  the  "Bienville,"  brought  north  Flag-Officer 
Dupont's  despatches  reporting  the  capture;  after  this 
blockaded  the  coast  of  Georgia  in  the  "  Bienville,"  and 
participated  in  the  capture  of  all  the  ports  on  that  coast 
south  of  Savannah  ;  after  this  returned  north  ;  was  de- 
tached from  "Bienville"  and  ordered  to  "  Paul  Jones;" 
joined  Admiral  Dupont's  Squadron  with  "  Paul  Jones" 
and  other  gun-boats;  engaged  Fort  McAllister,  on  the 
Ogeechee  River,  in  August,  1862;  on  the  17th  of  Sep- 
tember following,  engaged  and  silenced  the  batteries  of 
St.  John's  Bluff,  on  the  St.  John's  River,  Florida  ;  con- 
sidered it  necessary  to  have  troops  to  co-operate  in  cap- 
turing the  forts  and  getting  possession  of  the  river; 
applied  to  Admiral  Dupont  for  the  same,  on  the  30th 
of  the  same  month  ;  with  the  co-operation  of  General 
Brannon  captured  the  forts  on  St.  John's  Bluff,  and  with 
the  gun-boats  opened  and  held  the  St.  John's  River  to 
Lake  Beaufort.  Commissioned  as  captain  September 
13,  1S62.  Transferred  to  the  steam-frigate  "  Powhatan," 
and  employed  in  her  blockading  off  Charleston  for  sev- 
eral months;  with  the  "  Powhatan,"  towed  the  captured 
ram  "Atlanta"  to  Philadelphia;  soon  after  was  detached 
and  took  command  of  "  Tieonderoga  ;"  in  her  was  em- 
ployed on  various  detached  service;  returned  in  her  in 
November,  1864,  with  engines  disabled  from  an  unsuc- 
cessful search  of  the  rebel  vessel  "  Florida,"  on  the  coast 
of  Brazil;  volunteered  to  join  Admiral  Porter's  com- 
mand; vessel  temporarily  repaired. 

After  the  fall  of  Fort  Fisher  and  Wilmington,  he 
joined  Dahlgren  off  Charleston,  but  "Tieonderoga," 
being  unfit  for  service,  was  ordered  to  Philadelphia 
for  repairs.  When  she  was  once  more  fit  for  sea,  he 
joined  the  European  Squadron,  under  Admiral  Golds- 
l)i  irough. 

He  was  promoted  to  be  commodore  in  July,  1866; 
exchanged  commands  with  Captain  Wyman,  of  the 
flag-ship  "Colorado,"  and  returned  home  in  that  ship 
in  September,  1S67.  On  special  duty  in  1868-69;  aiu' 
commanded  the  Boston  Navy- Yard,  1869-72.  Was 
commissioned  rear-admiral  in  May,  1871.  Commanded 
the  South  Pacific  Squadron,  187J-73.  Died  at  Wash- 
ington, 1890. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


399 


REAR-ADMIRAL   R.   N.   STEMBEL,  U.S.N,  (retired). 

Rear-Admiral  R.  N.  Stembel  was  born  in  Mary- 
land. Appointed  a  midshipman  from  the  State  of  Ohio 
on  March  27,  1832.  For  five  years  after  appointment 
he  served  in  the  West  India  Squadron  in  the  schooner 
"  Porpoise,"  and  the  sloop-of-war  "  Vandalia."  During 
part  of  1837-38  he  was  at  the  Naval  School  at  New 
York.  (At  that  time  the  naval  schools  were  attended 
by  old  midshipmen  for  a  few  months.  They  were  at 
Norfolk,  Virginia,  New  York,  or  elsewhere.  For  sev- 
eral years  before  the  establishment  of  the  present  Naval 
School  at  Annapolis,  it  had  its  scat  at  Philadelphia,  in  a 
part  of  the  Naval  Asylum  building.)  Promoted  to  passed 
midshipman,  1838.  Stationed  at  the  Depot  of  Charts 
and  Instruments,  at  Washington.  Midshipman  Stembel 
next  served  in  the  frigate  "  Brandywine,"  on  the  Mediter- 
ranean Station,  from  1839  to  1842.  He  was  commis- 
sioned lieutenant  in  1843,  and  was  attached  to  the  Coast 
Survey  for  several  years.  In  1849-50  he  served  in  the 
sloop-of-war  "  Germantown,"  on  the  Home  Squadron; 
and  from  1S51-54  in  the  sloop  "Jamestown,"  of  the 
Brazil  Squadron.  Special  duty  at  Washington  from 
1855-57,  and  then  attached  to  the  steam-frigate  "Missis- 
sippi," China  and  East  India  Squadron,  for  three  years. 
Lieutenant  Stembel  was  attached  to  the  Naval  Asylum, 
at  Philadelphia,  when  the  Civil  War  broke  out,  and  was 
ordered  to  special  duty  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  in  connection 
with  the  Western  Gun-boat  Flotilla. 

Just  at  this  time  he  was  commissioned  as  commander, 
and  was  in  active  service  in  the  Mississippi  Flotilla ;  en- 
gagements at  Lucas's  Bend,  September  9,  1861 ;  Belmont, 
November  7,  1861 ;  Fort  Henry,  February  6,  1862;  bom- 
bardment and  capture  of  Island  No.  10,  from  March  16 
to  April  7,  1862 ;  the  fight  with  the  rebel  rams  at  Craig- 


head's Bend,  near  F"ort  Pillow,  May  10,  1862,  and  several 
minor  affairs.  At  the  engagement  at  Craighead's  Bend 
he  was  seriously  wounded  by  a  rifle-ball.  He  was  inva- 
lided in  consequence  of  this  wound  in  1863,  and  the 
peculiar  nature  and  effects  of  the  ball's  passage  were  the 
subject  of  great  interest  to  medical  men. 

During  1864  he  was  stationed  at  the  Recruiting  Ren- 
dezvous at  Philadelphia,  and  afterwards  on  special  duty 
at  Pittsburg.  He  was  commissioned  as  captain  in  1866, 
during  his  command  of  the  steam-sloop  "  Canandaigua," 
on  the  European  Station.  Returned  to  the  United  States 
in  1867.  Commanded  the  Naval  Rendezvous  at  Boston, 
1869-71.  Commissioned  commodore  1870,  and  com- 
manded Northern  Squadron  of  the  Pacific  Fleet,  1871- 
72,  and,  for  a  time,  the  Pacific  Fleet.  He  was  retired  as 
a  commodore  in  1872,  and  commissioned  as  rear-admiral 
on  the  retired  list  in  1874. 


400 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  GEORGE  M    STERNBERG, 

U.S.A. 

Lieutenant- Colonel  George  M.  Sternberg  (Medical 

Department)  was  born  in  New  York  on  January  8,  183S, 
and  was  appointed  assistant  surgeon,  U.  S.  Army,  May 
28,  1861.  He  served  with  General  Sykes's  regular  di- 
vision of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  participated  in 
the  battles  of  first  Bull  Run,  July  21,  1861,  Gaines' 
Mill,  June  27,  1862,  and  Malvern  Mill,  July  I,  1862, 
and  was  brevetted  captain  and  major  for  "  faithful  and 
meritorious  services  during  the  war." 

Dr.  Sternberg  was  on  hospital  duty  at  Portsmouth 
Grove,  Rhode  Island,  until  November,  1S62,  when  he 
was  assigned  to  duty  with  the  troops  in  the  Department 
of  the  Gulf,  and  participated  in  General  Banks's  expedi- 
tion, and  subsequently  on  duty  in  the  office  of  the 
medical  director  until  January,  1.864,  when  he  was 
transferred  to  the  office  of  the  medical  director  at  Co- 
lumbus, Ohio,  and  in  charge  of  the  U.  S.  General 
Hospital  at  Cleveland,  Ohio,  to  Jul}-,  1805.  He  was 
then  ordered  to  Jefferson  Barracks  for  duty  with  the 
Thirteenth  U.  S.  Infantry,  but  his  station  was  subse- 
quently  changed  to  Kansas,  where  he  passed  through 
a  severe  epidemic  of  cholera  at  Fort  Harker,  in  1867. 
He  was  promoted  captain  and  assistant  surgeon  May  28, 
1866. 

Dr.  Sternberg  was  at  Fort  Riley,  Kansas,  and  in  the 
field  during  the  campaign  of  1868-69  against  the  Chey- 


enne anil  Arapahoe  Indians,  and  was  then  ordered  to 
Fort  Columbus,  New  York,  serving  at  that  post  and 
at  Fort  Warren,  Massachusetts,  to  August,  1872.  At 
that  time  he  was  transferred  to  the  Department  of  the 
Gulf,  and  was  in  the  medical  director's  office  at  New 
<  Orleans,  Louisiana,  to  October,  1872,  when  ordered  to 
Fort  Barrancas,  Florida,  where  he  passed  through  a 
severe  epidemic  of  yellow  fever  in  1873-75.  lie  was 
on  sick-leave  to  May,  1876,  at  which  time  he  was  as- 
signed to  duty  in  the  Department  of  the  Columbia,  and 
was  present  at  the  battle  of  the  Clearwater,  Idaho  (with 
Chief  Joseph,  of  the  Nez  Perces),  in  1878. 

Dr.  Sternberg  was  appointed  a  member  of  the  "  Ha- 
vana Yellow  Fever  Commission"  in  1879,  and  was  or- 
dered to  the  Department  of  California  August  10,  1881, 
being  assigned  to  duty  at  Fort  Mason  to  May,  1SS4. 
He  was  then  ordered  East,  and  was  attending  surgeon 
and  examiner  of  recruits  at  Baltimore,  Maryland,  and 
was  delegate  from  the  United  States  to  the  Interna- 
tional Sanitary  Conference  of  Rome  in  1S8S.  Was  de- 
tailed, under  an  Act  of  Congress  (by  the  President  of 
the  United  States),  to  make  investigations  relating  to 
the  cause  and  prevention  of  yellow  fever  in  Brazil  and 
in  Mexico  in  1887;  in  Decatur,  Alabama,  during  the 
epidemic  of  1888,  and  in  Havana  during  the  summers 
of  1888  and    [889. 

He  was  promoted  major  and  surgeon  December  1. 
1875,  and  lieutenant-colonel  and  surgeon  January  2, 1891. 

Dr.  Sternberg  is  a  Fellow  of  the  American  Association 
for  the  Advancement  of  Science;  a  Fellow  of  the  Royal 
Microscopical  Society  of  London  ;  late  Fellow,  by  cour- 
tesy, in  Johns  Hopkins  University;  member  and  ex- 
president  of  the  American  Public  Health  Association; 
member  of  the  American  Medical  Association,  of  the 
Association  of  American  Physicians,  of  the  American 
Microscopical  Society;  honorary  member  of  the  Epi- 
demiological Society  of  London,  of  the  Royal  Academy 
of  Medicine  of  Rome,  of  the  Academy  of  Medicine  of 
Rio  de  Janeiro,  of  the  American  Academy  of  Medicine, 
etc. ;  author  of  "  Bacteria"  (William  Wood  &  Co.,  New- 
York,  1884);  of  "Photo-Micrographs,  and  how  to  make 
them"  (James  R.  Osgood  &  Co.,  Boston,  1S84);  of"  Ma- 
laria and  Malarial  Diseases"  (William  Wood  &  Co.,  New- 
York,  1884),  and  of  numerous  scientific  papers  published 
in  various  medical  and  scientific  periodicals. 

At  present  on  duty  as  attending  surgeon.  New  York- 
City. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


401 


REAR-ADMIRAL   THOMAS   HOLDUP  STEVENS, 
U.S.N,  (retired). 

Rear-Admiral  Thomas  Holdup  Stevens  was  born  in 
Connecticut,  and  is  a  son  of  Commodore  Thomas  Holdup 
Stevens,  who  at  the  age  of  eighteen  commanded  the 
"Trippe,"  one  of  Perry's  squadron  at  the  battle  of  Lake 
Erie.  Upon  the  old  navy  lists  Lieutenant  T.  H.  Stevens 
appears  as  the  second  of  the  "  date  of  1S36,"  a  notable 
one  for  the  ability  of  those  who  composed  it. 

Thomas  H.  Stevens  was  appointed  a  midshipman  from 
Connecticut  in  1836,  and  after  varied  service  became  a 
lieutenant  in  1 849,  and,  after  serving  on  board  the  "  Michi- 
gan," some  Coast  Survey  vessels,  and  the  steam-frigate 
"  Colorado,"  was  ordered  to  the  command  of  the  "  Ot- 
tawa," earl)r  in  1862.  In  this  vessel  he  took  part  in  the 
actions  of  the  squadron  at  Port  Royal,  capture  of  Forts 
Beauregard  and  Walker,  battle  of  Port  Royal  Ferry,  ami 
the  different  engagements  with  Tatnall's  fleet.  After 
that  the  "  Ottawa"  was  constantly  employed  for  many 
months  in  the  waters  of  Florida,  under  fire  main-  times. 
Stevens  commanded  the  naval  forces  on  these  waters. 

Lieutenant  Stevens  received  his  commission  as  com- 
mander in  July,  1862,  and  commanded  the  "  Maratanza" 
during  the  exciting  period  of  the  battle  of  Malvern  Hill. 
Then,  for  a  short  time,  he  was  in  command  of  the  cele- 
brated "  Monitor,"  covering  McClellan  on  his  with- 
drawal from  the  Peninsula.  He  next  commanded  the 
"  Sonoma,"  in  the  West  India  Squadron,  and  captured  sev- 
eral blockade-runners.  Commanded  the  monitor  "  l'a- 
tapsco,"  during  which  period  that  vessel  took  part  in  nu- 
merous attacks  on  the  defences  of  Charleston,  and  on  the 
night  of  September  8,  1 863,  Stevens  commanded  the 
boat-assault  on  Fort  Sumter.  He  next  took  command 
of  the  steam-sloop  "  Oneida."  During  the  operations  be- 
fore Mobile,  in  Aug.,  1864,  to  enable  Commander  Mul- 
lany  (late  rear-admiral),  who  had  volunteered  for  the  oc- 
casion, to  take  part  in  the  fight,  Stevens  consented  to 
take  command  of  the  double-turretted  monitor  "  Winne- 
bago," and  Mullany  took  the  "  Oneida,"  so  that  both 
those  officers  could  command  fighting-ships.  In  the 
"  Winnebago"  Stevens  took  part  in  the  battle  of  Mobile 
Bay,  and  the  capture  of  the  "  Tennessee"  and  her  consorts, 
as  well  as  Forts  Powell,  Gaines,  and  Morgan,  in  all  which 
operations  he  was  conspicuous  for  the  handling  of  his 
command  and  for  his  personal  daring.  Resuming  com- 
mand of  the  "  Oneida,"  he  remained  in  command  of  the 
Texas  Division  of  the  West  Gulf  Blockading  Squadron, 
participating  in  the  final  operations  of  the  war,  and  re- 
turned North  in  that  vessel  in  August,  1865. 

During  these  stirring  four  years  Stevens  received  testi- 
monials in  regard  to  his  zeal  and  conduct  from  every 
superior  officer  under  whom  he  served,  including  Rear- 
AdmiraLs  Dupont,  Wilkes,  John  Rodgers,  Dahlgren, 
Rowan,  Farragut  and  Le  Roy.  All  of  these  speak  in 
S1 


the  highest  terms,  both  in  official  reports  and  in  special 
letters,  of  the  judgment  and  discretion,  the  gallantry  and 
unfaltering  determination  of  the  subject  of  this  sketch. 
No  service  was  too  arduous,  no  mission  too  perilous  for 
him  to  undertake,  and  his  only  failures  to  accomplish 
what  he  undertook-,  were  in  capturing  the  "  Florida," 
because  he  could  not  overtake  her,  and  in  the  boat- 
assault  on  Sumter.  After  making  an  earnest  protest 
against  the  plan  of  attack  arranged  by  the  admiral  in 
command,  he  took  charge  of  the  expedition  as  it  was ; 
otherwise  the  attempt  would  have  been  abandoned.  He 
had  just  returned  from  an  all-day  engagement  with  the 
harbor  forts,  when  he  was  sent  for  to  assume  the  com- 
mand of  the  boat  expedition  which  made  the  attack  that 
same  evening. 

Admiral  Dahlgren,  in  his  farewell  order,  said,  in  regard 
to  the  night  attack  on  Sumter,  "  When  I  began  to  per- 
ceive that  the  enemy  was  not  Likely  to  be  driven  out 
of  Sumter,  except  by  assault,  and  saw  that  the  force 
which  I  had  could  not  of  itself  go  farther,  unless  he  was 
driven  out,  I  ordered  the  assault.  It  failed,  but  never 
was  more  gallantry  displayed  than  in  the  attempt." 

Admiral  Rowan  says,  "  I  witnessed,  upon  one  occa- 
sion, the  gallant  and  intelligent  conduct  of  this  officer 
while  engaged  with  Fort  Moultrie  and  its  other  defences. 
I  also  witnessed  his  gallant  bearing  on  occasion  of  the 
'  Ironsides's'  attack  on  Fort  Moultrie,  when  he  passed 
from  his  monitor  to  the  'Ironsides,'  and  back  to  his 
vessel  in  a  boat,  while  the  fire  of  Moultrie  and  its  sur- 
rounding batteries  was  concentrated  on  that  ship." 

Similar  comments  were  made  upon  his  conduct  at 
Mobile  Bay  by  his  superior  officers.  After  the  war  he 
commanded  the  frigate  "  Gueniere ;"  then  the  navy- 
yard  at  Norfolk  ;  commanded,  as  rear-admiral,  the  Pa- 
cific Squadron  :  and,  upon  arriving  at  the  prescribed  age, 
hauled  down  his  flag  while  in  that  command. 


402 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  {regular) 


PAY-INSPECTOR  JOHN   H.   STEVENSON,    U.S.N. 

Pay-Inspector  John  H.  Stevenson  entered  the  navy 
as  acting  assistant  paymaster  of  the  "  Satellite,"  in  Sep- 
tember, 1862,  and  was  in  the  first  battle  of  Fredericks- 
burg, in  Hooker's  Division.  In  December,  1862,  Ste- 
venson, with  the  approbation  of  the  commanding  offi- 
cer of  the  "Satellite,"  captured  the  party  of  a  rebel 
signal-station,  and  broke  it  up.  He  then  left  the  boats 
with  keepers,  and  penetrated  ten  miles  inland,  and  cap- 
tured Captain  Lawson,  of  the  rebel  cavalry,  who  had  a 
recruiting-station  established  and  cavalry  pickets  out.  He 
broke  up  the  station,  secured  Captain  Lawson,  and 
brought  him  to  the  "  Satellite,"  from  whence  he  was  sent 
to  the  Old  Capitol  Prison. 

The  commanding  officer  of  the  "  Satellite"  wrote, 
"  To  the  bravery  and  energy  of  Acting  Assistant  Pay- 
master Stevenson  the  success  of  the  expedition  was  due. 
Mr.  Stevenson  frequently  volunteered  his  services  for 
other  hazardous  duty,  and  always  performed  it  to  my 
entire  satisfaction."  Rear-Admiral  Harwood,  who  was 
in  command  of  the  Potomac  Flotilla,  wrote  warmly  upon 
Paymaster  Stevenson's  "gratuitous  patriotic  services," 
but  says  that  those  at  Donaldsonville  eclipsed  his  earlier 
ones.  It  was  in  June,  1863,  while  attached  to  the 
"  Princess  Royal"  gun-boat,  that  that  vessel  was  detailed 
to  protect  the  town  of  Donaldsonville,  and  a  small  fort, 
manned  by  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  sick  and  con- 
valescent soldiers.  It  was  the  only  fortified  position  held 
by  the  Union  forces  between  Port  Hudson  and  New 
Orleans,  and  the  necessity  of  holding  it  was  supreme. 
The  rebel  Generals  Taylor,  Mouton,  and  Green,  with  a 


force  of  several  thousand  men,  sent  in  a  demand  for  the 
surrender  of  the  fort  and  town.  This  was  refused.  They 
then  sent  a  notification  to  remove  the  women  and  children. 
At  this  critical  juncture,  Paymaster  Stevenson  went  as  a 
spy  into  the  enemy's  camp,  in  the  role  of  a  refugee  from 
New  Orleans.  He  acted  thus  entirely  upon  his  own  re- 
sponsibility. He  was  obliged  to  run  the  Union  pickets, 
and  narrowly  escaped  being  shot  in  doing  so.  But  he 
got  safely  through,  entered  the  enemy's  camp,  learned 
when  and  how  they  were  to  make  the  attack,  and  re- 
turned with  full  information  to  the  "  Princess  Royal." 
In  returning,  he  was  obliged  to  run  the  enemy's  pickets, 
and  again  narrowly  escaped  being  shot.  The  informa- 
tion he  obtained,  with  the  heroism  of  the  defenders,  saved 
the  place,  for  the  enemy  were  beaten  off  after  four  hours' 
desperate  fighting,  with  an  acknowledged  loss  of  fifteen 
hundred.  Captain  Woolsey,  U.  S.  Navy,  says,  "  for  the 
information"  (which  enabled  preparation  to  be  made)  "  I 
am  indebted  to  A.  A.  Paymaster  Stevenson,  who  was 
out  for  three  days  .  .  .  reconnoitring  in  and  about  the 
enemy's  camp." 

In  July,  1863,  when  the  steamer  "  New  London,"  with 
important  despatches,  was  aground  and  under  the 
enemy's  fire,  Paymaster  Stevenson  went  to  the  vessel, 
got  the  despatches  and  took  them  to  New  Orleans, 
through  a  hostile  country,  seizing  horses  as  he  wanted 
them,  and  dashing  through  the  enemy's  pickets  and  sus- 
picious places.  Admiral  Farragut  bore  testimony  to  his 
great  service  on  this  occasion.  Admiral  Porter  testifies, 
"  General  Sherman  had  not  heard  of  the  capture  of  Fort 
Fisher,"  and  to  prevent  his  possible  divergence  in  that 
direction,  "  Mr.  Stevenson  volunteered  and  carried  the 
despatches  safely  to  General  Sherman,  through  the 
enemy's  country,  at  the  risk  of  his  neck;  for  had  they 
caught  him,  they  would  have  hung  him." 

From  the  character  of  the  vessels  to  which  Paymaster 
Stevenson  was  attached,  he  was  present  at  very  many  of 
the  battles  and  skirmishes  on  the  Potomac  and  Rappa- 
hannock Rivers,  from  November,  1862,  to  April,  1S63; 
and  on  the  Mississippi  River,  from  June,  1863,  to  Sep- 
tember, 1863;  and  all  the  fights  on  the  James  River 
during  the  last  year  of  the  war.  He  was  also  present  at 
the  capture  of  Petersburg  and  Richmond.  In  June, 
1870,  the  President,  by  advice  and  consent  of  the  Senate, 
advanced  Paymaster  Stevenson  fifteen  numbers  in  his 
grade,  and  again,  in  1879,  he  was  advanced  fifteen  num- 
bers "  for  gallant  and  conspicuous  conduct  in  battle,  and 
extraordinary  heroism."  He  became  pay-inspector  in 
January,  1881,  and  has  since  performed  routine  service 
abroad  and  at  home. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


4"3 


PAYMASTER-GENERAL  EDWIN  STEWART,  U.S.N. 

Paymaster-General  Edwin  Stewart  was  born  in 
New  York  City,  May  5,  1837.  He  is  a  graduate  of 
Phillips  Academy,  Andover,  Massachusetts,  and  of  Wil- 
liams College,  from  which  institution  he  has  received  the 
degrees  of  B.A.  and  M.A.  Had  it  not  been  for  the  war 
he  would  have  followed  a  profession  ;  in  fact,  had  already 
commenced  the  study  of  law,  when,  in  September,  1861, 
he  was  appointed  an  assistant  paymaster  in  the  navy.  I  lis 
first  duty  was  on  board  the  gun-boat  "  Pembina,"  then 
fitting  out  at  New  York.  The  "  Pembina"  joined  the 
expedition  against  Port  Royal,  and  on  November  7,  1 86 1 , 
took  part  in  the  bombardment  and  capture  of  the  forts 
at  that  place. 

In  April,  1862,  Assistant  Paymaster  Stewart  was  pro- 
moted to  the  grade  of  paymaster,  and  ordered  to  the 
"  Richmond,"  in  the  South  Atlantic  Squadron.  The 
"  Richmond,"  in  company  with  the  "  Hartford,"  partici- 
pated in  that  series  of  brilliant  naval  engagements  which 
made  the  name  of  Farragut  famous. 

Paymaster  Stewart  was  attached  to  the  "  Richmond" 
during  the  three  most  eventful  years  of  her  career,  and 
saw  memorable  service,  both  on  the  blockade  and  in  the 
battles  in  which  she  was  engaged,  notably  at  Port  Hud- 
son and  at  the  passage  and  capture  of  the  forts  in  Mobile 
Bay. 

At  the  close  of  the  war  he  was  assigned  to  duty  on  the 
Lakes,  being  attached  to  the  steamer  "  Michigan"  from 
1865  to  1868.  Much  of  the  duty  of  the  "Michigan" 
during  those  years  was  in  watching  and  endeavoring  to 
frustrate  the  persistent  and  repeated  efforts  of  the  Fenians 
to  effect  a  landing  in  Canada. 

The  "  Michigan"  finally  succeeded  in  capturing  the 
whole  party  as  they  were  making  their  way  across  the 
Niagara  River. 

In  1S69  Paymaster  Stewart  was  ordered  to  Washing- 
ton, where  for  three  years  he  was  in  charge  of  the  Pur- 
chasing Pay-Office. 

In  the  spring  of  1872  he  was  appointed  a  member  of 
the  Board  of  Visitors  to  the  Naval  Academy. 

In  the  fall  of  1S72  he  was  ordered  to  the  "  Hartford" 
as  fleet-paymaster  on  the  Asiatic  Station.  The  "  Hart- 
ford" went  to  China  by  way  of  the  Mediterranean  and 
the  Suez  Canal,  stopping  at  various  places  of  interest  en 
route.  The  cruise  lasted  three  years,  a  large  portion  of 
the  time  being  spent  in  the  seaport  cities  of  China  and 
Japan. 

When  homeward  bound  in  1875  the  "Hartford"  re- 
ceived at  Messina  telegraphic  orders  to  go  to  Tripoli  and 
settle  a  difficulty  growing  out  of  an  alleged  indignity 
offered  to  the  United  States  consul.  On  her  arrival  at 
Tripoli  she  found  the  "  Congress"  already  there  under 
similar  orders.     An   apology  for  the   indignity   was  de- 


manded from  the  Pasha,  and  forty-eight  hours  named  as 
the  time  within  which  it  must  be  made. 

The  two  ships  steamed  into  position  before  the  city, 
and  in  this  menacing  attitude  awaited  the  Pasha's  reply. 
It  came  within  the  time  specified.  A  full  and  satisfactory 
apology  was  made,  and  the  "Hartford"  steamed  away 
on  her  homeward  voyage. 

Paymaster  Stewart  was  commissioned  "  pay-inspector" 
March  8,  1 880,  and  for  three  years  was  on  duty  as  inspector 
at  the  navy-yard,  New  York-.  In  1882  he  was  ordered 
to  the  "  Lancaster,"  and  for  nearly  three  years  was  fleet- 
paymaster  on  the  European  Station,  visiting  during  the 
cruise  most  of  the  seaport  cities  of  Europe  from  St. 
Petersburg  to  Alexandria  and  Palestine.  An  interesting 
feature  of  this  cruise  was  the  visit  to  Russia,  the  "  Lan- 
caster" having  been  ordered  to  Cronstadt  to  represent 
the  United  States  on  the  occasion  of  the  coronation  of 
the  Czar. 

In  1886  Pay-Inspector  Stewart  was  assigned  to  the 
important  position  of  purchasing  pay-officer  in  New  York 
City-,  on  which  duty  he  was  continued  until  May  16, 
1890,  when  he  was  made  paymaster-general  of  the  navy. 
He  was  selected  for  this  position  while  he  was  still  a  pay- 
inspector,  with  thirteen  pay-directors  senior  to  him  on 
the  list. 

The  bureau  of  which  he  is  chief  directs  all  purchases 
for  the  navy,  has  custody  of  all  supplies,  keeps  account 
of  all  appropriations  for  the  navy,  and  is  the  financial 
ami  business  bureau  of  the  department. 

General  Stewart  is  a  member  of  the  Loyal  Legion,  oi 
the  University  Club  in  New  York,  and  of  the  Metropol- 
itan and  Army  and  Navy  Clubs  in  Washington. 

He  has  for  many  years  been  a  Sunday-school  super- 
intendent, and  is  a  ruling  elder  in  the  Presbyterian 
Church. 


404 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  A. YD   NAVY  {regular) 


COMMANDER   YATES  STIRLING,   U.S.N. 

Commander  Yates  Stirling  is  a  native  of  Maryland, 
and  was  appointed  to  the  Naval  Academy  from  that 
State  in  September,  1S60.  The  services  of  all  were  in 
demand  soon  after,  and  on  May  28,  [863,  he  left  the 
academy  with  the  rank  of  ensign  in  the  navy.  He  was 
assigned  to  the  sloop-of-war  "  Shenandoah."  Was  de- 
tached  from  "Shenandoah"   in  April,  1864,  while   that 


vessel  was  undergoing  repairs  at  Philadelphia.  Ordered 
back  to  the  "Shenandoah"  in  June  following;  but,  in  the 
mean  time,  had  served  the  two  months  in  the  monitor 
"  Onondaga,"  then  the  flag-ship  of  the  North  Atlantic 
Blockading  Squadron,  in  James  River.  Served  in  both 
attacks  upon  Fort  Fisher.  After  the  close  of  the  Civil  War 
he  went  to  the  "  Mohongo,"  in  the  Pacific,  and  was  at- 
tached to  her  from  1865—67.  In  1866  he  received  his  lieu- 
tenant's commission.  He  was  commissioned  lieutenant- 
commander  March  12,  1868.  Was  attached  to  the 
"  Wampanoag"  timing  her  trial-trip  in  that  year  ;  and  then 
served  in  the  "  Contocook,"  flag-ship,  North  Atlantic 
Squadron,  1868-69.  He  was  attached  to  the  receiving- 
ship  "  Independence"  during  1871-72.  During  the 
years  1 873—75  Lieutenant-Commander  Stirling  was  upon 
sick-leave.  Upon  his  recovery  he  was  ordered  to  the 
receiving-ship  "Worcester,"  during  1875-76;  torpedo 
duty  in  1877;  ordnance  duty  at  the  navy-yard,  Wash- 
ington, 1877-78. 

From  1878—8]  he  served  in  the  steam  sloop-of-war 
"  Lackawanna,"  in  the  Pacific.  Was  promoted  to  com- 
mander November  26,  1S80.  From  1882-84  ne  was 
stationed  at  the  Washington  Navy- Yard.  From  1 884-8(1 
he  commanded  the  steam-sloop  "  Iroquois,"  on  the  Pacific 
Station.  From  18S7-90  he  commanded  the  receiving- 
ship  "Dale,"  at  Washington.  In  1890-91  he  was  in 
command  of  the  U.  S.  S.  "  Dolphin." 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


■  1'h 


CAPTAIN  EDWIN  J.  STIVERS,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Captain  Edwin  J.  Stivers  was  born  in  Bolivar,  Ohio, 
June  14,  1836.  He  entered  the  volunteer  service  early  in 
the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  and  was  fifer  and  private  of 
Company  K,  and  fife-major  and  sergeant-major  of  the 
Eighty-ninth  Illinois  Infantry  from  August  7,  1862,  to 
December  1,  1863,  when  he  was  appointed  second  lieu- 
tenant of  the  Seventeenth  U.  S.  Colored  Infantry. 

Me  served  in  the  field  with  the  armies  of  the  West,  and 
was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Stone  River,  Liberty  Gap, 
Chickamauga,  Missionary  Ridge,  and  Nashville. 

In  the  report  of  the  battle  of  Chickamauga,  made  by 
the  commander  of  the  Eighty-ninth  Illinois  Infantry,  he 
says,  "Sergeant-major  E.  J.  Stivers  deserves  special 
mention  for  brave  and  intrepid  conduct."  He  was  also 
referred  to  by  General  Rosecrans  in  his  report  of  the 
same  battle.  He  was  captured  by  four  guerillas  in  Ala- 
bama during  the  Hood  campaign, but  escaped  after  a  few 
hours'  captivity. 

lie  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  February  5,  1864, 
and  captain  August  2,  1865,  and  honorably  mustered  out 
of  service  November  3,  1866.  He  was  appointed  second 
lieutenant  of  the  Fortieth  U.  S.  Infantry  July  28,  1866, 
but  did  not  accept  the  appointment  until  February  5, 
1867.  He  was  then  brevetted  first  lieutenant  March  2, 
1867,  for  "gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle 
of  Nashville,  Tennessee." 

Lieutenant  Stivers  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  Sep- 
tember 15,  1868,  and  transferred  to  the  Twenty-fifth 
Infantry,  on  the  consolidation  of  regiments,  April  20, 
1869.     1  Ie  performed  garrison  duty  at  various  posts  until 


1879,  when  he  was  examined  by  a  retiring  board  on 
account  of  injuries  incidental  to  the  service,  and,  after 
nearly  two  years'  absence  on  account  of  disability,  re- 
turned to  active  service,  which  continued  until  May  4, 
188S,  when  he  was  ordered  by  the  Secretary  of  War  to 
his  home,  on  account  of  disability  incurred  in  the  line  of 
duty,  and  was  finally  placed  on  the  retired  list  Feb- 
ruary 24,  1  891. 

Lieutenant  Stivers  was  promoted  captain  February  19, 
18S3.  During  his  active  service  in  the  regular  army  he 
filled  the  positions  of  quartermaster  and  commissary  at 
Fort  Macon,  North  Carolina  ;  Raleigh,  North  Carolina  ; 
and  Fort  Pike,  Louisiana. 


406 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (regular* 


CAPTAIN  AND   BREVET  LIEUTENANT-COLONEL 
EBENEZER  W.    STONE,  U.S.A. 

Captain  and  Brevet  Lieutenant-Colonel  Ebenezek 
W.  Stone  (Twenty-first  Infantry)  was  born  at  Boston, 
Massachusetts,  October  23,  1837.  He  was  commissioned 
captain,  First  Massachusetts  Infantry,  May  24,  i86i,and 
served  with  the  regiment  until  mustered  out,  May  25, 
1 864. 

The  regiment  was  the  first  three  years'  organization  to 
leave  the  State,  and  was  engaged  at  first  battle  of  Bull 
Run.  It  was  assigned  to  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and 
engaged  in  all  battles  and  campaigns  of  that  army  until 
mustered  out,  except  the  Antietam  campaign. 

In  September,  1864,  he  was  commissioned  lieutenant- 
colonel  Sixty-first  Massachusetts,  and  mustered  as  such 
February  28,  1865.  He  served  with  the  regiment  until 
mustered  out,  July  16,  1S65.  The  regiment  was  assigned 
to  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  served  with  it  until 
mustered  out. 

He  was  commissioned  second  lieutenant,  Twelfth  U.  S. 
Infantry,  May  11,  1866,  and  in  the  reorganization  of  the 
army  in  1866  he  was   transferred  to  the  Twenty-first  In- 


fantry (Second  Battalion,  Twelfth  Infantry),  and  promoted 
first  lieutenant,  Twenty-first  Infantry,  March  26,  1868. 
He  was  promoted  captain,  Twenty-first  Infantry,  Novem- 
ber 11,  1879.  He  then  became  unassigned  from  April 
19,  1869,  to  December  15,  1870. 

lie  served  as  chief  quartermaster  fir  the  garrison  of 
Washington,  under  command  of  Brevet  Major-General 
William  H.  Emory,  from  October,  1866,  to  March,  1867. 
He  was  adjutant  of  the  Artillery  School  from  October, 
1867,  to  March,  1868;  assistant  adjutant-general,  Sub- 
District  of  Fort  Monroe  and  Norfolk  (First  Military 
District),  from  September,  1S67,  to  July,  1868. 

lie  was  military  commissioner,  Division  of  Recon- 
struction, comprising  the  counties  of  Accomac  and 
Northampton,  Virginia,  from  July  to  September,  1868; 
aide-de-camp  to  Brevet  Major-Generals  George  Stoneman 
and  A.  S.  Webb,  commanding  hirst  Military  District 
(Virginia),  from  September  25,  1868,  to  May  1,  1869; 
acting  assistant  adjutant-general,  Department  of  Califor- 
nia, from  May,  1869,  to  May,  1870,  Brigadier-General 
E.  O.  C.  Ord  commanding;  acting  assistant  adjutant- 
general,  Department  of  Arizona,  from  May,  1870,  to 
June,  1 87 1,  Brevet  Major-General  George  Stoneman 
commanding ;  depot  and  purchasing  quartermaster  and 
commissary  in  the  field,  with  the  Modoc  campaign,  from 
November,  1872,  to  August,  1873,  Brigadier-General  E. 
R.  S.  Canby  and  Brevet  Major-General  J.  C.  Davis 
commanding;  chief  commissary  in  the  field  during  the 
Bannock  campaign  of  1S78,  Major-General  O.  O.  Howard 
commanding. 

Upon  being  appointed  to  the  regular  army  he  was  bre- 
vetted  first  lieutenant  and  captain,  U.S.A.,  for  "  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  at  battle  of  Williamsburg,  Vir- 
ginia ;"  major,  U.S.A.,  for  "  gallant  and  meritorious  ser- 
vices at  battle  of  Chancellorsville,  Virginia ;"  lieutenant- 
colonel,  U.S.A.,  for  "  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at 
battle  of  Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania." 

He  was  also  brevetted  colonel  of  volunteers,  for  "  gal- 
lant and  meritorious  services  during  the  campaign  result- 
ing in  the  fall  of  Richmond,  Virginia,  and  the  surrender 
of  insurgent  army  under  General  R.  E.  Lee." 


WHO  served  in  the  civil  war. 


407 


REAR-ADMIRAL   S.   H.    STRINGHAM,    U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Rear-Admiral  S.  H.  Stringham,  in  his  day  and  gen- 
eration, stood  among  the  very  foremost  in  our  service. 
Born  in  Orange  County,  New  York,  he  entered  the  ser- 
vice as  a  midshipman  in  June,  18 10,  and  first  served  in 
the  frigate  "  President,"  in  1811-12.  While  attached  to 
the  "  President"  he  took  part  in  the  engagement  with 
H.  M.  S.  "  Little  Belt"  and  the  English  frigate  "  Belvi- 
dere." 

In  December,  1S14,  Midshipman  Stringham  was  com- 
missioned as  lieutenant,  and  he  took  part  in  the  cap- 
ture of  the  Algerine  privateers  in  1815.  It  was  not  until 
1 83 1  that  he  was  made  commander, — having  for  a  long- 
time been  employed  on  various  naval  duties,  ashore  and 
afloat.  During  the  years  1836-37  he  commanded  the 
"John  Adams,"  and  was  stationed  at  the  New  York 
Navy- Yard  when  he  was  commissioned  as  captain,  in 
1841.  He  then  commanded  the  razee  "  Independence;" 
was  in  command  of  the  navy-yard  at  New  York  ;  com- 
manded the  ship-of-the-line  "  Ohio,"  in  the  Pacific,  during 
the  Mexican  War;  was  commandant  of  the  navy-yard  at 
Norfolk.  His  next  duty  was  the  command  of  the  Med- 
iterranean Squadron  from  1852  to  1855.  From  1856  to 
i860  he  was  in  command  of  the  Boston  Navy-Yard. 
When  the  Civil  War  broke  out  he  was  made  flag-officer 
of  the  North  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron.  His  limits  of 
command  were  from  the  easternmost  line  of  Virginia  to 
Cape  Florida.  The  small  force  which  the  department  was 
then  able  to  afford  him  was  skilfully  disposed  of,  and  a 
very  fairly  effective  blockade  instituted.  At  that  period 
forays  of  privateers,  so-called,  became  seriously  annoy- 
ing-, and  as  most  of  them  came  from  the  Great  Sounds  of 
North  Carolina,  it  became  necessary  to  seize  and  possess 
their  mode  of  exit  to  the  high  seas.  This  pass  was  Hat- 
teras  Inlet.  Stringham,  at  an  age  when  he  would  be 
subject  to  retirement  a  year  or  two  later,  commanded  the 


naval  forces  in  person,  and  a  military  force  of  eight  hun- 
dred men  co-operated  with  him.  Forts  Clark  and  Hat- 
teras  were  speedily  captured,  and  the  entire  garrisons, 
under  Captain  Barron,  who  had  been  fifty  years  in  the 
U.  S.  Navy,  surrendered,  after  great  loss.  Not  a  man  of 
the  attacking  force  was  killed  or  wounded.  The  military 
force  sent  was  not  sufficient  to  follow  up  the  success.  At 
that  period  we  were  only  learning,  slowly,  how  to  con- 
duct war.  In  September,  1S61,  at  his  own  request,  he 
was  relieved  from  a  command  too  arduous  for  a  person 
of  his  age.  He  was  commissioned  as  rear-admiral  July 
16,  1862,  and  ordered  to  special  duty.  Was  commandant 
of  navy-yard,  1864-66;  port-admiral,  at  New  York,  1868. 
Died  in  1869. 

Admiral  Stringham  was  of  very  strong,  square  build, 
and  of  medium  height.  His  countenance  was  most  firm, 
while  pleasant  and  mild  in  expression.  He  wore  no 
beard,  and  was  always  careful  to  be  clean-shaven,  and 
was  especially  neat  in  his  dress.  He  was  a  martinet,  but 
he  always  scrupulously  obeyed  "  regulations"  himself, — 
at  whatever  personal  inconvenience, — and  always  took 
care  that  every  one  under  his  command  did  so. 


4o8 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN   AND  BREVET   LIEUTENANT-COLONEL 
SHELDON  STURGEON,   U.S.A.    (retired). 

Captain  and  Brevet  Lieutenant-Colonel  Sheldon 
Stukgeon  was  bom  in  Sparta,  New  York,  February  7, 
1838,  and  graduated  from  the  Military  Academy  May  6, 
[861.  He  was  promoted  second  lieutenant  of  the  First 
Infantry  the  same  day;  first  lieutenant  June  24,  1861  ; 
and  captain  .April  25,  1862.  He  served  during  the  war 
of  the  Rebellion  drilling  the  Sixty-ninth  New  York  In- 
fantry, Second  Maine  Infantry,  and  Second  Connecticut 
Infantry  until  July  1,  1861  ;  then  he  was  on  duty  with 
the  battalion  of  the  Third  I".  S.  Infantry  until  September, 
1861,  participating  with  it  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run, 
when  he  joined  his  company  at  Governor's  Island,  New 
York,  on  its  return  from  Texas  on  parole.  He  was 
then  detailed  on  recruiting  service,  and  was  mustering 
and  disbursing  officer  at  Buffalo,  New  York,  from    1861 


to  1863.  At  that  time  he  joined  his  company  at  New 
(  Orleans,  Louisiana,  and  was  attached  to  the  staff  of 
Major-General  Banks  and  Major-General  Hurlburt;  com- 
missar}' of  musters  ami  superintendent  of  the  recruiting 
service,  Department  of  the  Gulf.  He  was  also  attached 
to  the  staff  of  Major-General  Canby,  January  7,  1864. 
1  [e  was  chief  mustering  officer  and  acting  assistant  pro- 
vost marshal-general  for  the  Military  Division  of  West 
Mississippi,  conducting  the  enrollment  and  draft.  He 
held  the  same  position  under  Major-General  Sheridan  in 
1  865-66. 

He  was  brevetted  major  and  lieutenant-colonel,  March 
13,  1865,  "  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  during 
the  war."  He  was  appointed  colonel  of  the  First  New 
Orleans  Infantry  April  2^,  1865,  and  honorably  mus- 
tered out  of  the  volunteer  service  August  15,  1865.  He 
joined  his  company  at  Jackson  Barracks,  Louisiana,  and 
served  with  it  until  November,  1868,  being  detached,  in 
the  mean  time,  for  several  months,  as  supervising  officer 
nf  registration  for  the  nine  southern  parishes  of  Louisi- 
ana, including  New  Orleans,  under  the  direction  of 
Major-General  Sheridan,  until  attacked  with  yellow 
fever.  I  le  was  then  granted  lea\  e  of  absence  for  five 
months,  rejoining  his  company  at  New  Orleans,  in  April, 
1869. 

1  lis  regiment  was  transferred  to  the  Department  of  the 
Lakes,  and  Captain  Sturgeon  served  at  Fort  Wayne, 
Michigan,  and  Fort  Porter,  New  York,  until  January  1, 
[871,  when  he  was  transferred  to  the  Sixth  Cavalry, and 
served  with  Troop  II,  at  Fort  Richardson,  Texas;  Fort 
Haves,  Kansas;  Aberdeen,  Mississippi;  Fort  Riley, 
Kansas,  and  scouting  in  the  Indian  country  until  Octo- 
ber, 187 2.  From  that  time  he  was  on  leave  of  absence, 
and  was  retired  from  active  service,  May  17,  I  876,  for 
disability. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


COLONEL  SAMUEL  D.  STURGIS,  U.S.A.  (deceased). 

Colonel  Samuel  D.  Sturgis  was  born  in  Pennsyl- 
vania, and  graduated  at  the  Military  Academy  July  i, 
1846.  He  was  promoted  brevet  second  lieutenant,  Second 
Dragoons,  the  same  day,  and  second  lieutenant,  First 
Dragoons,  Feb.  16,  1847.  He  served  in  the  war  with  M  - 
ico,  and  was  captured,  Feb.  20,  1847,  while  reconnoitring 
near  Buena  Vista,  and  not  released  until  Feb.  28,  1S47, 
after  the  battle.  He  was  on  frontier  duty  in  California, 
1848-51,  and  then  served  at  Jefferson  Barracks;  Fort 
Leavenworth;  and  Albuquerque,  New  M  intil  1854. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  July  15,  1853,  an<1 
was  scouting  against  Jicarilla  Apaches,  being  engaged  in 
the  action  of  Cienega,  New  Mexico,  April  6,  1854.  lb- 
was  at  Moro,  Fort  Fillmore,  and  Santa  Fe,  New  Me> 
until  1855,  and  from  the  latter  place  was  scouting  and 
engaged  against  Apache  Indians  in  a  skirmish,  January 
16,  1855.  He  was  on  frontier  duty  and  Fort  Leavenworth, 
1855 — 57 »  on  Cheyenne  Expedition,  and  engaged  in  the 
combat  on  Solomon's  Fork  of  the  Kansas  River,  July  27, 
1857,  and  skirmish  against  Kiowa  and  Comanche  Indians 
near  Grand  Saline,  August  6,  1857.  He  then  served  in 
Kansas,  Nebraska,  Indian  Territory,  Missouri,  and  Fort 
Cobb,  Indian  Territory,  until  i860,  when  he  was  in  com- 
mand of  the  southern  column  of  Kiowa  and  Comanche 
Expedition  from  June  to  Oct.,  i860,  being  engaged  in  a 
severe  action  on  Prairie  I  )■  »g  (  reek,  Ai  60,  and  in 

several  skirmishes. 

He  was  promoted  captain  March  3,  1855.  During  the 
years  1860-61  he  was  employed  in  adjusting  difficulties 
between  Cherokee  Indians  and  white  settlers,  and  after- 
ward -  I  it  Smith,  Arkansas,  at  the  breaking  out  of 
the  war  of  the  Rebellion.     He  evacuated  this  post  April 

23,  1 86 1 ,  to  pre.  ent  being  captured  by  a  formidable  expe- 
dition, and  marched  to  Fort  Leavenworth,  via  Wichita. 
Kansas.  He  was  promoted  major,  May  3,  1861,  and  was 
engaged  on  an  expedition  to  Southwest  Missouri,  June 

24,  1861,  uniting  with  General  Lyon,  July  5,  1861,  on 
Grand  River,  Missouri,  and  was  engaged  in  the  action  of 
Dug  Spring  and  battle  of  Wilson's  Creek,  where  he 
commanded  after  the  fall  of  General  Lyon,  and  conducted 
the  retreat  to  Rolla,  Missouri. 

Made  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  Aug.  10,  1861, 
and  participated  in  an  expedition  to  northeast  Mis- 
souri :  was  on  the  march  to  Kansas  City,  October,  1861, 
forming  the  right  of  General  Fremont's  movement  on 
Springfield ;  chief  of  staff  to  Major-General  Hunter, 
November,  1861  ;  on  tour  of  inspection  of  Ohio  and 
Mississippi  River  posts  in  Dec,  1S61  ;  in  command  of  the 
District  of  Kansas  from  April  10  to  May  5,  1862  ;  in  com- 
mand of  the  defences  of  Washington  from  May  25  to  Aug. 
24,  1 862  ;  and  then  participated  in  the  campaigns  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  being  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Bull 
Run,  Aug.  29,  1862,  South  Mountain,  battle  of  Antietam, 


409 


and  several  skirmishes  while  pursuing  the  enemy,  and 
battl'         1 

General  Sturgis  was  transferred  to  the  Western  arm 
and   participated   in   the  operations  in  central   Kentucky 
from  April  to  Jul}-,  1863,  and  was  chief  of  cavalry,  I 
partment  of  Ohio,  to  April  15,  1864.      He  was  promo 
lieutenant-colonel,  Sixth  Caval  !jer  27,  1863,  and 

subsequently  engaged  in  organizing  the  militia  of  Cin- 
cinnati during  Morgan's  rebel  raid  ;  in  operations  in  E 
Tennessee,  and  action  of  Mossy  Creek,  Dandridge;  cap- 
ture of  General  Vance  and  his  rebel  command  ;  rout  of 
General  Martin's  rebel  cavalry,  and  destruction  of  camp 
of  rebels  and  Indians  near  Quallatown,  North  Carolina; 
in  expedition  from  Memphis,  M  :.  and  engaged  in 

the  combat  at  Bolivar,  Tennessee,  and  pursuit  of  rebels 
under  Forrest,  to  Rip'  issippi :  and  in  the  second 

expedition  against  Forrest,  being  engaged  in  the  combat 
near  Gun  Town,  Mississippi,  June  10,  1864.  Aug.  24, 
1S65,  he  was  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service. 

He  was  brevetted  lieutenant-colonel,  August  10,  1861, 

for  "  gallant  and  meritoii  in   the  battle  of 

Wilson's   Creek,  Missouri,"  and   colonel,  December   13, 

1862,  for  "  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle 

ricksburg,  Virginia." 

He  then  served  in  command  of  the  Sixth  Cavalry  at 
Austin,  Texas  :  Camp  Wil  Board  on 

tern  of  Cavalry  Tactics,  Jul}- 3,  1868,  to  April  24,  1 

promote  th  Cavalry,  May  6, 

,.  and  at  Fort  Leavenworth  and  Louisville,  Kentucky, 
to    1X73;    superintendent  of  general  recruiting  ser. 
1874-76  ;  at  Fort  Lincoln.  '>~JJ  ;  on  Ye" 

stone  Expedition,  1877-78;  and  then   served  in  var; 
other  capacities,  commanding  c,  to   1881.     He- 

was  governor  of  the   -  Home  at  Washington  to 

May,  18S5,  and  then  at  Fort  Dakota.     Wa- 

tired  from  active  June  n,  1866.     He  died  at  St. 

Paul,  Minnc- 


4io 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (regular) 


MAJOR-GENERAL   EDWIN   V.   SUMNER,    U.S.A. 
(deceased). 

Major-General  Edwin  V.  Sumner  was  born  in  Bos- 
ton, Massachusetts,  January  30,  1797;  died  in  Syracuse, 
New  York,  March  21,  1863.  Young  Sumner  was  edu- 
cated at  Milton  (Massachusetts)  Academy,  and  entered 
the  army  in  1819  as  second  lieutenant  of  infantry.  He 
served  in  the  Black  Hawk  War,  became  captain  of  the 
Second  Dragoons  in  [833,  and  was  employed  on  the 
Western  frontier,  where  he  distinguished  himself  as  an 
Indian  fighter.  In  1838  he  was  placed  in  command  of 
the  School  of  Cavalry  Practice  at  Carlisle,  Pennsylvania. 
He  was  promoted  major  in  1846,  and  in  the  Mexican 
War  led  the  cavalry  charge  at  Cerro  Gordo,  in  April, 
1847;  commanded  the  reserves  at  Contreras  and  Churu- 
busco,  and  at  the  head  of  the  cavalry  at  Molino  del  Rev 
checked  the  advance  of  five  thousand   Mexican   lancers. 


He  was  governor  of  New  Mexico  in  1851-53,  when  he 
visited  Europe  to  report  on  improvements  in  cavalry. 
In  1855  he  was  promoted  colonel  of  the  First  Cavalry, 
and  made  a  successful  expedition  against  the  Cheyennes. 
In  command  of  the  Department  of  the  West,  in  1858,  he 
rendered  efficient  service  during  the  Kansas  troubles. 
In  March,  1 861,  he  was  appointed  brigadier-general  in 
the  regular  army,  and  sent  to  relieve  General  Albert 
Sidney  Johnston,  in  command  of  the  Department  of  the 
Pacific,  but  was  recalled  in  the  following  year  to  the 
command  of  the  First  Corps  of  the  Army  of  the  Poto- 
mac. He  commanded  the  left  wing  at  the  siege  of 
Yorktown.  At  Fair  Oaks,  where  McClellan's  army  was 
divided  by  the  Chickahominy,  and  the  left  wing  was 
heavily  attacked,  the  orders  of  Sumner  to  cross  the  river 
and  reinforce  that  wing  found  him  with  his  corps  drawn 
out  and  ready  to  move  instantly.  In  the  Seven  Days' 
battle  he  was  twice  wounded.  In  1862  he  was  appointed 
major-general  of  volunteers,  led  the  Second  Corps  at  the 
battle  of  Antietam,  where  he  was  wounded,  and  com- 
manded one  of  the  three  grand  divisions  of  Burnside's 
army  at  Fredericksburg,  his  division  being  the  first  to 
cross  the  Rappahannock.  At  his  own  request  he  was  re- 
lieved in  1863,  and  being  appointed  to  the  Department 
of  the  Missouri,  he  was  on  his  way  thither  when  he  died. 
He  was  brevetted  lieutenant-colonel  for  Cerro  Gordo, 
colonel  for  Molino  del  Rey,  and  major-general  in  the 
regular  arm)-  for  services  before  Richmond.  Major- 
General  Sumner's  last  words,  as  he,  with  great  effort, 
waved  a  glass  of  wine  above  his  head,  were,  "  God  save 
my  country,  the  United  States  of  America."  His  son, 
Edwin  Vose,  served  with  merit  through  the  Civil  War, 
and  was  appointed  major  of  the  Fifth  Cavalry  in  1S79, 
and  inspector  of  rifle  practice,  Department  of  the  Mis- 
souri. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


411 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL  CHARLES  SUTHERLAND, 
U.S.A. 

Brigadier-General  Charles  Sutherland  (Surgeon- 
General)  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  May  29, 
1830.  He  was  appointed  assistant  surgeon  August  5, 
1852,  and  was  promoted  captain  and  assistant  surgeon 
August  5,  1857,  and  major  and  surgeon  April  16,  1862. 
He  was  assigned  to  duty  as  acting  assistant  surgeon  at 
Fort  Monroe,  Virginia,  and  in  New  Mexico  from  Novem- 
ber, 185  1,  to  April,  1852  ;  served  with  troops  on  the  plains, 
also  at  Fort  Webster,  Fort  Fillmore,  Fort  Craig,  Santa 
Fe,  and  Fort  Stanton,  New  Mexico,  to  September,  1857; 
Fort  Moultrie,  South  Carolina,  to  January  18,  1S58;  on 
leave  until  September,  1858;  Forts  Davis  and  Duncan, 
Texas,  to  February,  1S61  ;  not  taken  prisoner  on  the 
secession  of  Texas,  and  left  that  State  with  artillery  and 
infantry  troops  for  New  York  City ;  reported  for  duty  to 
surgeon-general  in  March,  1861  ;  sailed  in  April,  1861,011 
secret  expedition  to  Fort  Pickens,  Santa  Rosa  Island, 
Florida;  at  Fort  Pickens  to  March,  1862,  and  participated 
in  the  two  bombardments  of  Fort  Pickens  and  in  the 
assault  on  Wilson's  camp  on  the  island  of  Santa  Rosa, 
Florida.  He  was  then  stationed  at  Fort  Warren,  Massa- 
chusetts, until  June,  1862,  when  he  joined  the  armies  of 
the  West  in  the  field,  and  was  medical  purveyor  to  the 
armies  under  Major-General  Halleck,  Pittsburg  Landing, 
Tennessee.  He  established  a  large  depot  at  Columbus, 
Kentucky,  and  fitted  out  nine  general  hospitals  and  a 
second  purveying  depot  at  Memphis,  Tennessee.  He  was 
then  appointed  medical  inspector  of  camps  and  transports 
of  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee  in  and  about  Vicksburg, 
Mississippi ;  was  with  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee  in  the 
campaign  and  siege  of  Vicksburg,  and  participated  in  the 
surrender  of  that  place  July  4,  1863.  He  then  became 
medical  director,  Department  of  Virginia  and  North 
Carolina,  to  November,  1863;  member  Retiring  Board, 
Wilmington,  Delaware,  to  January,  1S64;  medical  di- 
rector of  hospitals,  Annapolis,  Maryland,  to  May,  1864; 
and  purchasing  medical  purveyor,  Washington,  D.  C, 
until  the  close  of  the  Rebellion. 


He  was  brevetted  lieutenant-colonel,  March  13,  1865, 
for  "faithful  and  meritorious  services  during  the  war ;" 
and  colonel,  March  13,  1865,  for  "  meritorious  services 
and  diligent  discharge  of  duties  during  the  war."  He 
was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel  and  assistant  medical 
purveyor  July  28,  1866,  and  remained  on  duty  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C,  to  June,  1870 ;  then  was  member  of  Retiring 
Board,  in  New  York  City,  from  October,  1870,  to  March, 
1 87 1.  He  was  acting  chief  medical  purveyor,  New  York 
City,  to  June,  1876;  acting  assistant  medical  purveyor, 
New  York,  to  July,  1878;  on  leave  to  September,  1879; 
on  duty  as  medical  director  of  the  Military  Division  of 
the  Pacific,  Presidio  of  San  Francisco,  October  27,  1879, 
to  May,  18S4;  member  of  Retiring  Board;  member  of  a 
board  convened  by  President  Arthur  to  locate  a  site  for 
a  quarantine  station  at  San  Francisco,  California ;  medical 
director,  Division  of  the  Atlantic,  from  May,  18X4,  and 
member  of  Retiring  Board,  at  Governor's  Island,  New 
York,  1890. 

Colonel  Sutherland  was  appointed  brigadier-general 
and  surgeon-general  December  23,  1890,  taking  station 
at  Washington  City. 


412 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  {regular) 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL  DAVID   G.  SWAIM,    U.S.A. 

Brigadier-General  David  G.  Swaim  (Judge-Advo- 
cate-General)  was  born  in  Salem,  Columbiana  Count}-, 
Ohio.  Mis  family  has  been  represented  in  the  active 
operations  of  every  war  in  which  the  United  States  has 
been  engaged,  and  conspicuously  during  the  War  of  1S12 
in  the  person  of  Commodore  (Captain)  Lawrence,  of  the 
navy.  1  lis  father  was  the  friend  of  Joshua  R.  Giddings, 
Salmon  P.  Chase,  and  other  advanced  political  thinkers 
of  that  day,  and  was  one  of  the  few  who  organized  the 
Free-Soil  party  in  Ohio. 

General  Swaim  received  an  academic  education  in  his 
native  State,  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1859.  He  has  always  been  a  Republican  in  politics,  and, 
although  young  in  years,  took  an  active  part  in  the  Presi- 
dential campaign  of  1S60.  In  1861  he  entered  the  army 
as  first  lieutenant  of  the  Sixty-fifth  Ohio  Volunteers 
(Sherman's  brigade),  and  soon  after  taking  the  field  was 
promoted  adjutant  of  the  regiment,  and  acting  adjutant- 
general  of  the  brigade  to  which  his  regiment  was  attached 
in  the  Army  of  the  Ohio  (afterwards  the  Army  of  the 
Cumberland),  commanded  successively  by  Generals  Buell, 
Rosecrans,  and  Thomas.  He  participated  in  the  cam- 
paigns and  battles  of  those  armies,  among  others  the 
battles  of  Shiloh  (where  he  was  slightly  wounded), 
Perryville,  Kentucky;  Chickamauga  (where  he  was  in- 
jured by  the  killing  of  the  horse  on  which  he  was 
mounted),  and  Missionary  Ridge.  For  his  services  at 
the  battle  of  Shiloh  he  was  promoted  captain  and  as- 
sistant adjutant-general  of  volunteers  ;  and  after  the  battle 
of  Stone  River  he  was  assigned  to  the  staff  of  the  general 
commanding  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland.  He  served 
through  the  entire  period  of  the  war  of  tin  Rebellion,  and 
was  several  times  promoted,  and  was  retained  on  staff 
duty  more  than  a  year  after  the  actual  close  of  the  war, 
and  was  mustered  out  in  October,  t866,  as  assistant  ad- 


jutant-general, with  the  rank  of  major  and  brevet  colonel 
of  volunteers.  In  February,  1867,  he  was  commissioned 
in  the  permanent  military  establishment,  and  on  account 
of  his  legal  abilities  and  successful  services  on  military 
courts,  he  was  assigned  to  duty  as  judge-advocate  of  the 
Fourth  Military  District  at  Vicksburg,  Mississippi,  where, 
as  counsel  for  the  government,  he  successfully  argued 
against  eminent  counsel  the  celebrated  liabeas  corpus 
case  of  ex  parte  McCardle,  involving  the  constitutionality 
of  the  Reconstruction  Acts  of  Congress,  before  the  Cir- 
cuit Court  of  the  United  States  for  the  District  of  Mis- 
sissippi ;  and  was  of  counsel  in  arguing  the  case  on 
appeal  in  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States.  In 
1869  he  was  appointed  major  and  judge-advocate  in 
the  U.  S.  Ami)-,  and  was  assigned  to  duty  at  head- 
quarters of  the  Military  Department  of  the  Missouri, 
which  position  he  filled  for  more  than  ten  years,  and 
on  many  occasions  during  that  period  he  was,  by  special 
detail  of  the  Secretary  of  War,  designated  to  officiate 
as  judge-advocate  of  courts-martial  in  the  trial  of  im- 
portant cases  in  different  parts  of  the  country.  He  also 
appeared  as  counsel  for  the  government  before  the  or- 
dinal'}' courts  of  law  in  matters  affecting  military  juris- 
diction and  administration. 

In  December,  1879,  President  Hayes  appointed  him 
judge-advocate-general  of  the  arm}-,  with  the  rank'  of 
brigadier-general,  which  he  now  holds.  Upon  his  as- 
signment to  duty  as  judge-advocate-general,  thus  sewer- 
ing his  connection  with  the  Department  of  the  Mis- 
souri as  its  judge-advocate,  the  commanding  general 
of  the  department  issued  the  following  in  a  general 
order : 

"Official  notice  having  been  received  of  the  appoint- 
ment of  Major  D.  G.  Swaim,  judge-advocate,  to  be 
judee- advocate  -general  of  the  army,  the  immediate 
connection  of  that  officer  with  this  department  is  ter- 
minated. This  appointment  is  so  public  and  splendid  a 
recognition  by  the  highest  officials  of  the  government  of 
the  ability  and  efficiency  with  which  he  has,  during  a 
period  of  more  than  ten  years,  discharged  the  duties  of 
judge-advocate  of  this  department,  that  it  would  be  super- 
fluous, and  perhaps  unbecoming,  in  the  department  com- 
mander to  add  the  commendation  which  he  so  deeply 
feels. 

"  The  appointment,  however,  involves  the  disruption  of 
personal  and  official  ties  which  have  been  cemented 
by  so  mail}'  years  of  intimate  intercourse,  and  the  de- 
partment commander  cannot  fail  to  regret  this,  while- 
he  congratulates  General  Swaim  on  his  deserved  pro- 
motion." 

It  will  be  remembered  that  General  Swaim  was  the  de- 
voted friend  of  the  late  President  Garfield;  and  was  his 
trusted  friend  and  companion  all  through  the  fatal  hours 
that  attended  the  close  of  that  noble  life. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


4i. 


COLONEL   PETER  T.   SWA1NE,   U.S.A. 

Colonel  Peter  T.  Swaine  (Twenty-second  Infantry) 
was  born  in  New  York  City,  Jan.  21,  I  S3  I  ;  in  military 
service  since  Sept.  1,  1S47  ;  a  graduate  of  U.  S.  Military 
Academy;  a  commissioned  officer  since  July  1,  1852. 

He  was  on  continuous  frontier  duty  prior  to  the  war 
of  the  Rebellion.  At  the  breaking  out  of  the  war  was 
engaged  in  the  preparatory  work  of  advancing  the  effi- 
ciency of  regular  and  State  troops  in  Cincinnati  and  vicinity, 
compiling  for  their  instruction  several  military  works. 

Commanded  a  battalion  Fifteenth  U.  S.  Infantry,  and 
joined  the  volunteer  force  (the  nucleus  of  the  Army  of 
the  Cumberland),  at  Louisville,  September  20,  1861,  pro- 
ceeding under  Sherman  to  Muldraugh's  Mill.  Advanced 
with  his  army  (the  battalion  enlarged  to  eight  com- 
panies), through  Kentucky  into  Tennessee,  participating 
in  the  battle  of  Shiloh  and  the  siege  of  Corinth.  Was 
favorably  mentioned  in  Rousseau's  report  of  the  battle- 
as  "  conspicuous  for  good  conduct,  and  strongly  recom- 
mended as  a  soldier  by  profession  who  has  shown  himself 
fit  for  higher  offices  of  usefulness."  Was  favorably  men- 
tioned in  King's  report  of  battle  as  "  entitled  to  special  no- 
tice for  the  discipline  and  manoeuvring  of  his  command." 

Was  called  to  the  aid  of  General  Lew  Wallace  in  the 
defence  of  Newport,  Covington,  and  Cincinnati,  against 
the  forces  of  General  Kirby  Smith,  and  appointed  colo- 
nel of  the  Ninety-ninth  Ohio  Infantry  September  2, 
1862;  constructed  rifle-pits,  strengthened  fortifications, 
and  commanded  the  volunteers  and  irregular  riflemen 
assembling  there.  Upon  the  withdrawal  of  the  enemy 
was  assigned  to  the  command  of  a  large  force  of  the 
combined  arms  of  the  service  for  the  relief  of  Lexington, 
which  was  effected.  Subsequently  commanded  the  Sec- 
ond Brigade,  First  Division,  Department  of  the  Ohio, 
and  upon  reorganization  was  assigned  to  the  command 
of  the  Second  Brigade,  Third  Division,  Army  of  Ken- 
tucky, October,  1862.  Voluntarily  relinquished  com- 
mand of  brigade  to  command  his  regiment  on  learning 
that  it  was  badly  in  need  of  instruction,  serving  in  com- 
mand of  it  in  Third  Brigade,  Third  Division,  left  wing 
Army  of  the  Cumberland,  in  the  Stone  River  campaign, 
and  was  severely  wounded  in  that  battle.  The  brigade 
commander,  Price,  in  his  report  of  that  battle,  states, 
"  that  officers  and  men  of  the  Ninety-ninth  Ohio  com- 
manded by  him  deserve  special  praise  for  their  gallantry." 

Was  assigned  the  command  of  three  regiments  of 
infantry,  a  battery,  and  a  section  of  another  battery,  Sept. 
1 8,  1863,  in  the  Chickamauga  campaign,  and  directed  to 
occupy  a  commanding  position  on  the  front,  which  was 
accomplished.  This  position  was  maintained  until  two 
o'clock  p. 11.,  of  the  19th,  when  the  elements  composing 
this  temporary  command  were  returned  to  their  proper 
brigades,  and  he  assigned  to  command  of  two  regiments 
of  infantry  during  rest  of  the  battle,  that  day  and  the  next, 


doing  valiant  service,  as  noted  in  the  reports  of  his  mili- 
tary superiors.  Received  favorable  notice  in  Rosecrans's 
report  of  battle  of  Chickamauga,  which  quotes  the  special 
remarks  of  his  two  immediate  commanders. 

Was  mentioned  in  the  report  of  General  A.  Baird, 
commanding  a  division,  as  "  an  officer  from  another  divi- 
sion, commanding  two  regiments,  brought  into  action 
near  his  own,  whom  he  was  glad  to  mention  to  the  com- 
manding general." 

The  report  of  General  H.  P.  Van  Cleve,  his  division 
commander,  referring  to  his  assignment  to  the  special 
command  on  the  1 8th  and  19th,  states  that  "  in  posting  his 
troops  he  displayed,  as  I  have  noticed  on  other  occasions, 
much  judgment  and  skill  ;  that  his  conduct  on  the 
field  received  the  commendations  of  his  brigade  com- 
mander, and  he  commends  him  to  the  notice  of  the  gen- 
eral commanding." 

Was  frequently  alluded  to  in  the  report  of  his  brigade 
commander  in  favorable  terms,  the  report  closing  with 
the  remark  that  "  he  acted  well  his  part  and  gave  evi- 
dence of  undoubted  courage  and  ability  to  command." 

Was  placed  in  command  of  all  brigades  and  regiments 
occupying  Missionary  Ridge  the  day  after  the  battle,  and 
retained  in  command  of  all  outposts  and  pickets  of  the 
left  wing  of  the  army  when  it  was  drawn  within  the  forti- 
fications of  Chattanooga  until  late  in  the  fall  of  1863. 

Was  transferred  with  his  regiment  to  the  Twenty- 
third  Army  Corps,  to  command  the  Second  Brigade  of 
the  First  Div.  during  the  invasion  of  Georgia  by  Sher- 
man, participating  in  all  the  engagements  to  and  including 
siege  of  Atlanta,  leading  the  corps  and  army  in  the  flank- 
attack  on  Kenesaw  Mountain,  and  capture  of  Decatur 
in  front  of  Atlanta  by  a  charge  in  line  of  this  brigade. 
He  received  three  brevets.  Has  commanded  various  dis- 
tricts and  posts  in  Southern  States  and  on  the  frontier 
since  the  war. 


414 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


GENERAL  WAGER  SWAYNE,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

General  Wager  Swayne  was  born  in  Columbus, 
Ohio,  iotli  of  November,  i S 3 4 ;  was  graduated  at  Yale 
in  1856,  and  at  the  Cincinnati  Law  School  in  1S59.  On 
his  admission  to  the  bar  he  practised  in  Columbus.  He 
was  appointed  major  of  the  Forty-third  Ohio  Volunteers 
on  August  31,  1S61  ;  became  lieutenant-colonel  Decem- 
ber 14,  1861  ;  colonel  on  October  18,  i8(">2;  served  in  all 
the  marches  and  battles  of  the  Atlanta  campaign  ;  lost  a 
leg  at  Salkehatchie,  South  Carolina,  and  was  brevetted 


brigadier-general  U.  S.  Volunteers  on  February  5,  1S65, 
becoming  full  brigadier-general  on  March  8,  1865,  and 
major-general  on  June  20,  1865.  Me  was  made  colonel 
of  the  Forty-fifth  Regular  Infantry  on  July  28,  1866,  and 
on  March  2,  1S67,  was  brevetted  brigadier-general,  U.  S. 
Army,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  action 
of  River's  Bridge,  South  Carolina,  and  major-general  for 
services  during  the  war.  He  was  mustered  out  of  the 
volunteer  service  on  September  1,  1867.  General  Swayne 
was  a  commissioner  of  the  Freedmen's  Bureau  in  Ala- 
bama, where  he  commanded  the  U.  S.  forces,  and  was 
also  intrusted  with  the  administration  of  the  reconstruc- 
tion acts  of  Congress,  organizing  an  extensive  system  of 
common  schools  for  colored  children,  who  had  none, 
and  establishing  at  Montgomery,  Selma,  and  Mobile, 
important  high  schools,  which  still  remain,  and  also 
Talladega  College.  He  retired  on  July  1,  1870,  and 
practised  law  in  Toledo,  Ohio,  but  in  1880  he  removed 
to  New  York  City,  where  he  is  counsel  for  railroad  and 
telegraph  corporations.  His  ancestor,  Francis  Swayne, 
came  to  this  country  with  William  Penn,  and  the  farm 
on  which  he  settled  is  still  in  possession  of  his  descend- 
ants. Wager's  father,  Noah  I  Iaynes  Swayne,  was  an 
eminent  jurist  in  Culpeper  Count}-,  Virginia.  The  trial 
of  William  Rossane  and  others,  in  the  U.  S.  Circuit 
Court,  at  Columbus,  in  1853,  for  burning  the  steamboat 
"  Martha  Washington"  to  obtain  the  insurance,  was  one 
of  his  most  celebrated  cases. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


415 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL  THOMAS  W.  SWEENY,  U.S.A. 
(deceased). 

Brigadier-General  Thomas  W.  Sweeny  was  born  in 
Cork,  Ireland,  December  25,  1820,  and  came  to  the 
United  States  in  1832,  settling  in  New  York,  where  he 
was  apprenticed  as  a  printer.  When  a  young  man  he 
joined  the  Independent  Tompkins  Blues,  then  one  of  the 
crack  military  organizations  of  the  metropolis. 

At  the  breaking  out  of  the  Mexican  War  he  joined 
Colonel  Ward  B.  Burnett's  First  Regiment  of  New  York 
Volunteers,  being  elected  second  lieutenant. 

Lieutenant  Sweeny  participated  in  the  campaign  under 
General  Scott  to  the  storming  of  Churubusco.  He  was 
severely  wounded  at  Cerro  Gordo.  At  Churubusco  he 
was  twice  wounded,  receiving  a  ball  in  the  groin  and 
another  in  his  right  arm,  "  but  nevertheless  continued  to 
lead  and  animate  his  men  till  he  sank  from  exhaustion 
and  loss  of  blood  and  had  to  be  carried  to  the  rear." 
The  wound  in  his  arm  proved  so  serious  that  amputa- 
tion was  deemed  necessary,  and  was  accordingly  per- 
formed. 

On  his  return  to  New  York,  in  184(8,  he  received  a 
brevet  of  captain  and  a  silver  medal  from  the  city  of  New 
York.  He  was  also  given  a  grand  reception  ball  at 
Castle  Garden  by  the  printers  of  the  city,  which  was  a 
notable  affair,  the  guests  comprising  ex-President  of  the 
United  States  Martin  Van  Buren,  Major-General  John  A. 
Quitman,  Hon.  Simon  Cameron,  United  States  Senator 
William  B.  Maclay,  and  representatives  of  the  city  and 
State  government. 

He  was  soon  after  commissioned  second  lieutenant  in 
the  Second  U.  S.  Infantry,  and  served  in  California  and  in 
the  Western  States,  engaging  in  frequent  actions  with 
hostile  Indians. 

lie  was  made  captain  January  19,  1861.  At  the  out- 
break of  the  Civil  War  he  was  ordered  to  St.  Louis  and 
given  the  command  of  the  United  States  Arsenal. 

He  was  second  in  command  of  the  Union  troops  at 
the  surrender  of  Camp  Jackson,  and,  in  consequence  of 
General  Lyon  being  disabled,  conducted  the  final  nego- 
tiations. Subsequently  he  was  instrumental  in  the 
organization  of  the  Missouri  three  months'  volunteers, 
and  was  appointed  brigadier-general  of  the  Fourth  United 
States  Reserve  Corps,  May  20,  1861. 

In  the  battle  of  Wilson's  Creek  he  led  the  Second 
Kansas  Regiment,  General  Lyon  leading  the  First  Iowa. 
Of  General  Sweeny's  conduct  in  this  engagement,  Gen- 
eral Sturgis,  in  his  official  report,  says,  "  This  gallant 
officer  was  especially  distinguished  by  his  zeal  in  rallying 
broken  fragments  of  various  regiments  (even  after  re- 
ceiving a  severe  wound  in  his  leg)  and  leading  them  into 
the  hottest  of  the  fight." 

He  afterwards  accepted  the  command  of  the  Fifty- 
second  Illinois  Volunteers,  and  was  attached  to  the  army 


of  General  Grant,  participating  in  the  capture  of  Fort 
Donelson,  after  which  he  took  six  thousand  prisoners  to 
Alton,  Illinois. 

At  Shiloh  he  was  again  wounded,  receiving  a  bullet  in 
his  leg,  and  another  in  his  remaining  arm.  Toward  the 
close  of  the  first  day's  battle,  a  gap  existed  between  the 
right  flank  of  Sweeny's  brigade  and  General  William  T. 
Sherman's  left.  The  defence  of  this  position,  which  was 
the  key  of  the  situation,  was  intrusted  to  him  by  Sherman, 
who  has  since  said,  "  He  held  it,  and  I  attach  more  im- 
portance to  that  event  than  to  any  of  the  hundred 
achievements  which  I  have  since  heard  saved  the  day." 

General  Sweeny  was  commissioned  brigadier-general 
November  29,  1862,  and  thereafter  commanded  a  divi- 
sion of  the  Sixteenth  Army  Corps. 

He  was  promoted  major  of  the  Sixteenth  U.  S.  Infantry 
October  20,  1863,  and  in  the  Atlanta  campaign  com- 
manded the  Second  Division  of  the  Sixteenth  Corps  of 
the  Army  of  the  Tennessee.  At  Snake  Creek  Gap  his 
command  took  possession  of  the  Gap  twenty-four  hours 
in  advance  of  the  cavalry,  and  held  it,  in  spite  of  the  des- 
perate efforts  of  the  enemy  to  dislodge  him.  He  took 
part  in  the  battle  of  Resaca,  and  forced  a  passage  across 
the  Oostenaula  River  at  Lay's  Ferry,  where  he  fought  a 
successful  battle,  which  resulted  in  General  Joseph  E. 
Johnston's  retreat  southward. 

He  also  participated  in  the  battles  of  Dallas  and  Kene- 
saw  Mountain ;  and  at  the  battle  before  Atlanta,  July  22 
1864,  his  division  drove  the  enemy  back  with  great  loss, 
capturing  four  battle-flags  and  nine  hundred  prisoners. 

General  Sweeny  was  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer 
service  August  24,  1865.  He  afterwards  was  placed  in 
command  of  various  posts  in  the  Southern  States.  He 
received  an  elegant  gold  sword  from  the  city  of  Brooklyn 
for  his  services  in  the  Rebellion.  General  Sweeny  was 
retired  with  the  full  rank  of  brigadier-general  May  n, 
1870,  and  died  at  Astoria,  Long  Island,  April  10,  1892. 


416 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NA  VY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN  OWEN  J.  SWEET,  U.S  A. 

Captain  Owen  J.  Sweet  (Twenty-fifth  Infantry)  was 
born  in  Kent,  Connecticut,  September  4,  1845.  He 
entered  the  service  as  second  lieutenant  of  the  One 
Hundred  and  Thirty-seventh  New  York  Infantry,  Sep- 
tember 6,  1862.  He  served  in  the  Third  Brigade, 
Second  Division,  Twelfth  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the 
Potomac.  During  the  year  1S62,  in  skirmishes  at 
Bolivar  Heights,  Hallstown,  Charlestown,  Berryville,  and 
near  Winchester,  Virginia;  March  19,  1863,  promoted 
first  lieutenant  One  Hundred  and  Thirty-seventh  New 
York  Infantry;  1S63,  in  skirmishes  at  Occoquan  Creek-, 
Dumfries,  Snicker's,  and  Manassas  Gaps,  Virginia  ;  Fair- 
field, Maryland;  battles  of  Fredericksburg  and  Chancel- 
lorsville,  Virginia,  and  Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania,  where, 
when  seventeen  years  of  age,  on  the  night  of  July  2, 
after  his  regiment,  which  had  been  holding  a  brigade 
front  against  repeated  assaults  by  General  Swell's  corps, 
was  compelled  to  change  its  position;  and  orders  being 
given  to  hold  Culp's  Hill  to  the  death,  he  called  for 
volunteers  and  advanced  against  the  flank,  and  finally 
into  the  works  in  his  front,  and  from  an  angle  there 
directed  such  a  persistent  attack  and  destructive  fire  as 
to  drive  the  rebels  outside  of  the  intrenchments,  keeping 
them  there  until  their  force  was  spent,  and  they  were 
compelled  to  retreat.  Of  the  four  officers  with  him,  two 
were  killed,  one  wounded,  and  one  taken  prisoner,  and 
he  narrowly  escaped  death,  a  bullet  grazing  his  forehead. 
For  his  good  judgment,  energy,  and  conspicuous  gal- 
lantry in  this  affair,  he  received  on  the  field  the  special 
thanks  of  his  immediate  commander,  Colonel  David 
I  Hand. 

He  was  promoted  captain,  One  Hundred  and  Thirty- 
seventh  New  York  Infantry,  March  12,  1864,  and  joined 
with  the  Arm)-  of  the  Cumberland  (Twentieth  Army 
Corps),    1864,  in  skirmishes  at   Villanow,  Gordonsville, 


Snake  Creek  Gap,  Pumpkin-Vine  Creek,  Big  Shanty, 
Adairsville,  Nickajack  Creek,  Smyrna  Church,  Steep 
Banks,  Pace's  and  Turner's  Ferry,  Chattahoochee  River, 
Macon  Railroad,  Decatur,  and  Stone  Mountain;  battles 
of  Rocky-faced  Ridge  and  Resaca  (where,  when  com- 
manding a  division  of  his  regiment,  in  the  front  line,  in  a 
charge  on  the  rebel  position,  he  gallantly  aided  in  the 
capture  of  a  four-gun  intrenched  battery),  New  Hope 
Church,  Dallas,  Allatoona,  Lost  Mountain,  ami  Pine 
Mountains  (where,  being  among  the  first  to  enter  the 
enemy's  breastworks,  he  was  wounded  in  the  shoulder). 
Nose's  Creek',  Culp's  Farm,  Marietta,  Kenesaw  Mountain, 
Peach-Tree  Creek,  and  fighting  in  front,  siege,  and  cap- 
ture of  Atlanta,  Georgia. 

Captain  Sweet  was  also  in  the  Army  of  Georgia,  and  par- 
ticipated in  Sherman's  "  march  to  the  sea  ;"  in  skirmishes 
at  Davisborough,  Milledgeville,  Louisville,  Sandersville, 
Milieu,  Buckhead Creek,  Williamson  Plantation  ;  fighting 
in  front,  siege,  and  capture  of  Savannah,  Georgia,  where 
he  was  the  first  officer  to  enter  the  enemy's  fortifications; 
in  1865,  in  Sherman's  campaign  through  the  Carolinas  ; 
in  a  skirmish  at  Blackville,  Big  ami  Little  Edisto  Rivers, 
Maxwell's,  Meadow's,  and  New  Bridges  on  the  Black- 
water  ;  at  the  latter  bridge  he  was  in  command  of  several 
hundred  of  "  Sherman's  Bummers;"  he  forced  a  passage 
under  a  destructive  cavalry  and  artillery  fire,  crossing  his 
command  on  fence-rails  laid  on  the  bridge  timbers,  turned 
and  drove  the  enemy  before  him  and  from  the  upper 
bridges,  enabling  his  division  and  corps  train  to  cross. 
For  his  activity,  skill,  and  marked  gallantry  in  this  affair, 
he  received  the  special  thanks  of  Brevet  Major-General 
John  W.  Geary,  commanding  Second  Division,  Twentieth 
Army  Corps.  Lexington  Court-House,  Williams's  Mill, 
McDaniel's,  Evans's,  and  Sikes's  Plantation,  Fayettsville, 
Cheraw,  Jackson's  Cross-Roads,  Winsborough,  Wades- 
borough,  on  Little  River,  Goldsborough,  Smithfield, 
Raleigh,  and  Jones's  Cross-Roads  ;  battles  of  Averys- 
borough  and   Bentonville,  North  Carolina. 

Commissioned  brevet  major  New  York  Volunteers  by 
the  governor  of  New  York,  for  "  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  during  the  Rebellion,"  March  13,  1865.  Since 
the  war,  Capt.  Sweet  has  served  in  N.  C,  in  expeditions 
against  Indians  in  Cal.  and  Texas,  and  Indian  Territory. 

He  was  promoted  captain,  Twenty-fifth  U.  S.  Infantry, 
October  19,  1886.  In  Ma)-,  1890,  he  was  charged  with 
the  supervision  of  marking  the  boundary-lines  of  the 
Custer  Battle-field  National  Cemetery,  and  the  erection 
of  the  head-stones  designated  to  mark  the  places  on  the 
battle  field  of  the  Little  Big  Horn,  Montana,  where 
General  Custer  and  live  troops  of  his  command,  Seventh 
U.  S.  Cavalry,  fell  in  battle  with  the  Sioux  Indians,  June 
25,  1S76.  Present  station,  Port  Custer,  Montana,  where 
he  is  commanding  Company  D,  Twenty-fifth  U.  S. 
Infantrv. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


417 


COLONEL  AND  BREVET  BRIGADIER-GENERAL  NEL- 
SON  B.   SWEITZER,   U.S.A.  (retired). 

Colonel  and  Brevet  Brigadier-General  Nelson 
B.  Sweitzer  was  born  in  Pennsylvania,  December  12, 
1828,  and  graduated  from  the  Military  Academy  July  1, 
1853.  He  was  promoted  brevet  second  lieutenant  of  the 
Second  Dragoons  the  same  day;  second  lieutenant  July 
25,  1854,  and  first  lieutenant  First  Dragoons  September 
24,  1855.  He  served  at  the  cavalry  depots  until  1854, 
and  then  joined  his  regiment  in  New  Mexico.  He  was 
at  Fort  Lane,  Oregon,  from  the  spring  of  1855  to  the 
summer  of  1856,  and  was  engaged  campaigning  against 
and  fighting  Pacific  coast  Indians,  the  last  of  which  ended 
by  surrender  and  removal  of  all  Indians  in  Southern 
Oregon  to  reservations  in  Northeastern  Oregon. 

Joined  Troop  "  E"  at  Walla  Walla,  W.  T.,  as  first  lieu- 
tenant, fall  of  1856,  and  commanded  escort  to  Wagon- 
road  Expedition,  from  Fort  Dallas,  Oregon,  to  Salt  Lake, 
Utah,  during  summer  and  fall  of  1859.  He  was  pro- 
moted captain,  First  Cavalry,  May  7,  1861,  and  was  ap- 
pointed lieutenant-colonel  and  additional  aide-de-camp, 
September  28,  1861,  on  the  staff  of  General  McClellan, 
with  whom  he  took  the  field,  and  participated  in  all 
the  campaigns  under  that  officer  and  others.  He  was 
engaged  in  so  many  actions,  skirmishes,  combats,  and 
battles  that  it  is  impossible  to  find  room  for  them  in 
this  sketch.  He  accompanied  General  McClellan  to 
New  York  on  his  being  relieved  from  command  of 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  November  10,  1862,  and  assisted 
writing  report  of  operations  of  Army  of  the  Potomac 
until  July,  1863  ;  applied  to  join  Army  of  the  Potomac  ; 
took  command  First  United  States  Cavalry,  Cavalry 
Corps  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

He  was  selected  by  order  of  General  Sheridan  to  take 
First  and  Second  U.S.  Cavalry  and  dislodge,  at  any  cost, 
enemy  from  ridge  commanding  Meadow  Bridge,  General 
Custer  reporting  his  being  unable  to  dislodge  them  with 
his  brigade  ;  the  two  regiments  dislodged  the  enemy. 

Colonel  Sweitzer  was  with  General  Sheridan  in  the 
Shenandoah  campaign,  and  in  combats  at  Berryville, 
Stone  Church,  New  Town,  Front  Royal,  Shepherdstown, 
at  Smithfield,  made  a  sabre  charge  with  the  First 
Cavalry  on  the  advance  of  the  enemy,  consisting  of  a 
regiment  and  battalion,  and  drove  them  back  on  the  main 
body  of  the  enemy,  disabling  and  capturing  a  number. 
He  was  appointed  colonel  of  the  Sixteenth  New  York 
Cavalry,  November  12,  1864,  and  he  was,  on  the  assassi- 
nation of  President  Lincoln,  with  his  regiment  ordered  to 
Washington,  April  16,  1865  ;  patrolled  Southern  Mary- 
land and  Virginia,  between  Potomac  and  James  Rivers, 
for  assassins  of  the  President;' Booth,  the  assassin,  killed, 
and  Harold  and  Mudd,  conspirators,  were  arrested  by 
a  detachment  of  the  regiment. 

At  the  close  of  the  war  he  was  brevetted  in  the  regu- 
53 


lar  service  from  major  to  brigadier-general,  for  "gallant 
and  meritorious  services  ;"  and  was  also  brevetted  briga- 
dier-general of  volunteers.  He  was  in  command  of  the 
District  of  the  Northern  Neck,  Virginia,  from  May  to 
September,  1865;  proceeded  to  New  York  with  regi- 
ment, and  honorably  mustered  out  of  volunteer  service 
September  21,1 865.  Commanded  battalion  Fifth  Cavalry 
and  Sedgwick  Barracks,  Washington,  D.  C. ;  joined 
Second  Cavalry  as  major,  dating  July  28,  1866,  at  Fort 
Laramie,  Wyoming;  scouted  North  Platte  and  Sweet- 
water country  to  South  Pass;  re-established  telegraph 
stations  and  lines  destroyed  by  Indians  ;  selected  location 
for  Fort  Fetterman  ;  established  route  for  road  from  pro- 
posed site  of  Fort  Fetterman  on  North  Platte  south  to 
projected  line  of  Union  Pacific  Railroad  on  Laramie 
Plains ;  sent  with  battalion  of  Second  Cavalry  to  patrol 
road  and  protect  supply  trains  from  Sioux  Indians  on 
road  leading  from  North  Platte  to  Forts  Reno,  Phil. 
Kearney,  and  C.  F.  Smith,  in  Powder  River  and  Big 
Horn  country,  until  October  20,  1867;  inspector-general, 
Department  of  the  Platte,  April,  [868,  to  March,  1871  ; 
engaged  in  scouting  country  of  Platte  and  Loup  Rivers 
until  October,  1872;  March,  1873,  at  Fort  Ellis,  Mon- 
tana, to  September,  1875  ;  guarding  Gallatin  Valley  and 
scouting  country  from  Yellowstone  to  Musselshell  and 
Missouri  Rivers;  took  command  of  Fort  Sanders,  Feb. 
1877,  and  regiment;  joined  Eighth  Cavalry  as  lieut.-col. 
June  1877;  took  command  of  regiment  and  District  of 
the  Rio  Grande,  from  Fort  Brown  to  Fort  Mcintosh, 
Texas  ;  served  in  Department  of  Texas  to  March,  1886. 
Promoted  colonel  Second  Cavalry,  to  date  from  January 
9,  1886. 

On  Retiring  Board,  detailed  by  authority  of  the  Presi- 
dent, Dec.  18,  1885,  to  April,  1886  ;  at  Fort  Walla  Walla, 
Washington  Territory,  May  1,  1886,  to  Oct.  29,  [888. 

Retired  on  his  own  application  October  29,  1888. 


4U 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   NA  VY  {regular) 


PAYMASTER  JOHN    F.  TARBELL,    U.S.N. 

Paymaster  John  F.  Tarbell  received  his  appointment 
as  acting  assistant  paymaster,  U.S.N.,  January  28,  1862, 
and  was  immediately  ordered  to  join  the  U.  S.  S.  "  Ken- 
sington," then  fitting  out  at  the  Boston  Navy-Yard.  In 
February  sailed  for  Port  Royal,  towing  the  U.  S.  S. 
"  Vermont."  During  a  gale  had  to  cut  loose  from  the 
"  Vermont"  in  the  night,  she  losing  her  rudder  and  being 
adrift  for  some  time  before  arriving  at  Port  Royal.  In 
May  joined  Admiral  Farragut's  squadron  off  the  Passes 
of  the  Mississippi,  and  went   up   with  the  fleet  to   New 


Orleans.  Went  to  Vicksburg  with  Porter's  bomb  flotilla  ; 
was  attacked  by  rebel  batteries  at  Grand  Gulf  and  lost 
several  men ;  was  chased  down  the  river  by  rebel  ram 
"  Arkansas,"  when  she  passed  our  fleet  at  Vicksburg. 
Present  at  the  capture  of  Sabine  Pass,  Texas,  in  which 
action  he  commanded  a  boat,  and  was  favorably  men- 
tioned by  his  commanding  officer.  Blockading  off  Gal- 
veston and  coast  of  Texas.  In  1864  and  1865  was  at- 
tached to  the  U.  S.  S.  "  Neptune,"  convoying  the  California 
steamers  from  New  York  to  Aspinwall.  In  1 867  was 
attached  to  U.  S.  S.  "  Marblehead,"  in  the  West  Indies. 
Had  been  commissioned,  February  21,  1867,  an  assistant 
paymaster  in  the  regular  navy. 

On  September  16,  1868,  was  promoted  to  a  passed 
assistant  paymaster,  and  in  January,  1870,  joined  the 
U.  S.  S.  "  Wasp,"  South  Atlantic  Station,  where  he  served 
three  years.  From  187310  1876  was  paymaster  of  the 
Torpedo  Station  at  Newport.  From  1876  to  1879  was 
attached  to  U.  S.  S.  "  Gettysburg,"  on  the  European  Sta- 
tion. On  April  3,  1879,  was  promoted  to  paymaster,  and 
from  1881  to  1885  was  paymaster  of  the  Portsmouth  and 
Boston  Navy- Yards. 

From  1885  to  1887  was  attached  to  the  U.  S.  S.  "Ju- 
niata," on  South  Pacific  Station.  From  18S7  to  1890 
was  paymaster  of  the  Boston  Navy-Yard  and  U.  S. 
receiving-ship  "  Wabash."  At  present  time  is  upon  sick- 
leave. 

Paymaster  Tarbell  was  born  at  Pepperell,  Massachu- 
setts, on  January  8,  1840  ;  and  before  entering  the  service 
was  a  clerk  in  a  merchant's  office  in  Boston. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


419 


FIRST   LIEUTENANT    ALEXANDER    H.   M.   TAYLOR, 

U.S.A. 

First  Lieutenant  Alexander  H.  M.  Taylor  (Nine- 
teenth Infantry)  entered  the  military  service  as  a  recruit- 
ing officer,  at  New  York  City,  April  22,  1861,  and  was 
mustered  in  as  a  private  of  Company  B,  Eighty-third 
New  York  Volunteer  Infantry  (Ninth  New  York  State 
Militia),  November  30,  1861. 

lie  was  commissioned  as  second  lieutenant  of  Com- 
pany F,  President's  Life  Guard  (afterwards  Company 
A,  Fifty-ninth  New  York  Volunteers),  August  19,  1861, 
but  the  appointment  was  revoked  on  the  consolidation 
of  regiments.  lie  had  recruited  some  sixty  men  for 
the  regiment. 

Lieutenant  Taylor  then  enlisted  in  the  regular  army, 
and  was  made  a  sergeant  of  the  general  service  Septem- 
ber 10,  1862,  but  was  honorably  discharged,  April  30, 
1863,  on  account  of  having  been  appointed  chief  clerk 
of  the  Volunteer  Bureau  of  the  War  Department.  He 
remained  on  this  duty  until  commissioned  as  second 
lieutenant  of  the  Seventeenth  U.  S.  Infantry.  He  was 
promoted  first  lieutenant  of  the  same  regiment  Septem- 
ber 1,  1867,  and,  on  the  consolidation  of  regiments,  was 
honorably  discharged  December  1,  1870. 

He  re-entered  the  service  as  hospital-steward  on  May 
24,  1872,  and  was  appointed  a  second  lieutenant  of  the 
Nineteenth  U.  S.  Infantry  October  1,  1873.  He  was 
promoted  first  lieutenant  November  24,  1879,  and  has 
served  with  his  regiment  in  various  parts  of  the  country 
up  to  the  present  time. 

Lieutenant  Taylor's  duties  have  been  varied  and  re- 
sponsible,— adjutant,    quartermaster,    and    adjutant-gen- 


eral of  a  district,  aide-de-camp  to  the  late  Major-General 
Charles  Griffin,  and  a  variety  of  public  demands  in  the 
service, — all  of  which  have  given  him  a  valuable  experi- 
ence, and  rendered  him  an  officer  capable  of  meeting  ex- 
pectations of  his  superiors,  no  matter  what  the  exigency 
or  nature  of  the  duty  upon  which  placed. 

Lieutenant  Taylor,  though  born  in  England,  is  an 
American,  his  father  belonging  to  the  Taylors  of  Sara- 
toga County,  New  York,  of  which  John  W.  Taylor  was 
such  a  distinguished  representative.  On  his  mother's 
side  he  is  descended  from  the  Pelham  family  of  Suffolk, 
England,  one  member  of  which,  Herbert,  was  prominent 
as  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  Company  in  England 
in  colonial  times. 


420 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (regular) 


MEDICAL   DIRECTOR   JOHN    Y.   TAYLOR,    U.S.N. 
(retired). 

Medical  Director  John  Y.  Taylor  was  born  Janu- 
ary 21,  1829,  at  East  Nottingham,  Chester  County,  Penn- 
sylvania, and  is  a  graduate  of  Jefferson  Medical  College, 
Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania.  I  Ie  entered  the  United  States 
naval  service,  appointed  from  Delaware,  as  an  assistant 
surgeon,  September  26,  1853,  and  was  ordered,  in  De- 
cember of  that  year,  to  the  U.  S.  S.  "  Decatur,"  at  Bos- 
ton, Massachusetts. 

After  refitting  at  Norfolk,  Virginia,  the  "  Decatur" 
joined  the  Pacific  Squadron  via  the  straits  of  Magellan. 
The  ship  was  nearly  three  months  contending  with  ad- 
verse weather  in  the  straits,  and  was  reported  in  the 
United  States  as  lost. 

During  this  cruise  in  the  Pacific,  the  Indian  war  in 
Washington  Territory  broke  out,  and  the"  Decatur"  was 
sent  to  Puget  Sound  to  co-operate  with  the  small  force 
of  regular  troops  then  in  the  Territory.  In  addition  to 
duty  performed  on  shore  with  the  seamen  and  marines 
belonging  to  the  ship,  Assistant  Surgeon  Taylor  served 
as  a  volunteer,  with  the  Fourth  U.  S.  Infantry  and  Wash- 
ington Territory  Volunteers,  in  a  winter  campaign  (1855- 
56)  through  the  region  occupied  by  the  hostile  Klikitats, 
Yakimas,  and  Klalams,  and  portions  of  other  tribes  in 
alliance  with  them.  Several  indecisive  encounters  took 
place  with  the  hostiles,  as  at  the  Lord  of  the  Puyalup 
River,  Brannan's  Prairie,  and  Seattle,  then  an  insignifi- 
cant settlement. 

Lie  was  promoted  to  passed  assistant  surgeon,  Sep- 
tember 26,  1858,  while  attached  to  the  U.  S.  S.  "  Preble," 
school-ship,  and  later  detailed  as  one  of  the  vessels  of 
the  Paraguayan  Expedition, 

I  [e  was  promoted  to  surgeon,  August  I,  [86l,  and  in 
December  following  ordered  as  medical  officer  of  the 
U.  S.  S.  "  (  >neida,"  fitting  out  at  New  York  for  the  West 


Gulf  Blockading  Squadron.  The  "  Oneida"  participated 
(April,  1862)  in  the  attacks  upon  and  passage  of  Forts 
Jackson  and  St.  Philip,  the  destruction  of  the  enemy's 
flotilla  on  the  lower  Mississippi,  and  the  silencing  of  the 
Chalmette  batteries,  below  New  Orleans. 

After  the  fall  of  that  city  she  proceeded  with  the  ad- 
vance division  of  gun-boats  to  Vicksburg,  Mississippi, 
and  was  engaged  with  the  Confederate  ram  "Arkansas" 
(July  15)  and  the  Vicksburg  batteries  at  various  times, 
running  these  fortifications  twice  in  company  with  other 
vessels  of  the  fleet. 

On  the  5th  of  August,  1864,  the  "  Oneida"  was  a  part 
of  the  naval  force  which  attacked  Forts  Morgan  and 
Gaines,  and  the  Confederate  vessels  "  Tennessee,"  "  Mor- 
gan," "  Gaines,"  and  "  Selma,"  in  Mobile  Bay.  In  passing 
Fort  Morgan,  the  wooden  ships  were  lashed  together  in 
pairs,  and  the  "  Oneida's"  position  being  at  the  rear  of 
the  line,  she  suffered  severely  after  the  others  had  ceased 
firing.  Her  casualties  in  killed  and  wounded  on  this 
occasion  amounted  to  thirty-eight,  out  of  a  complement 
of  one  hundred  and  ninety-six  officers  and  men,  or  nearly 
twenty  per  cent.  She  was  struck  thirty-two  times  in 
hull  and  rigging ;  the  starboard  boiler  was  exploded  by 
a  shell,  scalding  seventeen  men  ;  many  of  her  guns,  in- 
cluding the  eleven-inch  after-pivot,  were  dismounted  or 
disabled,  and  the  ship  was  twice  on  fire. 

Detached  from  the  "Oneida"  and  returned  home  in 
September,  1864,  and  having  applied  for  sea-duty,  re- 
ceived immediately  telegraphic  orders  to  the  U.  S.  S. 
"  Tuscarora,"  of  the  South  Atlantic  Blockading  Squad- 
ron. This  vessel  took  part  in  the  bombardment  of  Fort 
Fisher,  North  Carolina,  December  25,  1864,  and  the  at- 
tack of  January  15,  [865  ;  and  at  the  close  of  the  war 
was  sent  North  to  be  put  out  of  commission,  convoying 
on  the  way  the  steamer  "  W.  P.  Clyde,"  with  the  ex- 
president  of  the  Southern  Confederacy,  to  Fortress  Mon- 
roe, and  carrying  as  passengers  to  Fort  Warren,  Boston 
harbor,  the  ex-vice-president  and  ex-postmaster-general 
of  the  Southern  Confederacy. 

The  next  service  was  a  tour  of  duty  at  the  United 
States  Naval  Hospital,  New  York,  followed  by  orders  to 
the  U.  S.  S.  "  Kenosha,"  afterwards  named  "  Plymouth," 
for  a  cruise  of  forty-two  months  in  European  waters,  and 
on  the  coast  of  v\frica.  Promoted  to  medical  inspector, 
June  29,  1S82,  and  subsequently  ordered  as  fleet-surgeon 
of  the  North  Atlantic  Squadron,  flag-ship  "  Powhatan." 
Promoted  to  medical  director  April  20,  1879.  In  charge 
of  the  United  States  Naval  Hospital,  Washington,  D.  C, 
May  1,  1879.  In  charge  of  United  States  Naval  Hos- 
pital, Norfolk,  Virginia,  June  20,  1883.  In  charge  of 
United  States  Naval  Hospital,  New  York,  October  1, 
1886.  President  of  Naval  Examining  Board  and  Naval 
Medical  Board,  November  26,  [889.  Retired  January 
21,  1 891. 


WHO   SERVED  LV  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


421 


MAJOR-GENERAL   ALFRED   H.  TERRY,  U.S.A. 
(retired). 

Major-General  Alfred  H.  Terry  was  born  in  Hart- 
ford, Connecticut,  November  10,  1827.  He  was  educa- 
ted in  the  schools  of  New  Haven,  and  at  the  Yale  Law 
School.  He  began  the  practice  of  his  profession  in 
1849,  and  was  clerk  of  the  Superior  and  Supreme  Courts 
of  Connecticut  from  1854  to  i860.  He  was  in  command 
of  the  Second  Regiment  of  Connecticut  militia  when 
the  Civil  War  began.  In  response  to  President  Lincoln's 
call  for  three  months'  troops,  he  was  appointed  colonel 
of  the  Second  Conn.  Vol.,  and  with  that  regiment  was 
present  at  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run.  At  the  expiration 
of  the  term  of  service  he  returned  to  Connecticut,  organ- 
ized the  Seventh  Connecticut  Volunteers,  of  which  he 
was  appointed  colonel,  and  on  September  17  he  was 
present  at  the  capture  of  Port  Royal,  South  Carolina,  and 
also  at  the  siege  of  Fort  Pulaski,  of  which  he  was  placed 
in  charge  after  its  capitulation.  On  April  25,  1862,  he 
was  promoted  brigadier-general  of  volunteers,  and  he 
served  at  the  battle  of  Pocotaligo,  and  in  the  operations 
against  Charleston.  He  commanded  the  demonstration 
up  Stono  River  during  the  descent  on  Morris  Island  and 
at  the  action  on  James  Island,  and  he  was  assigned  by 
General  O.  A.  Gillmore  to  command  the  troops  on  Mor- 
ris Island,  which  post  he  held  during  the  siege  of  Forts 
Wagner  and  Sumter. 

After  the  reduction  of  Fort  Wagner  he  was  assigned 
to  the  command  of  the  Northern  District  of  the  De- 
partment of  the  South,  including  the  islands  from  which 
operations  against  Charleston  had  been  carried  on. 
General  Terry  commanded  the  First  Division  of  the 
Tenth  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  James,  during  the  Vir- 
ginia campaign  of  1864,  and  at  times  the  corps  itself.  I  le 
was  brevetted  major-general  of  volunteers  on  August  20, 
1864,  became  permanent  commander  of  the  Tenth  Corps 
in  October,  and  held  that  place  until  the  corps  was 
merged  in  the  Twenty-fourth  the  following  December, 
when  he  was  assigned  to  head  the  First  Division  of  the 
new  corps.  He  commanded  at  the  action  of  Chester 
Station,  and  was  engaged  at  the  battle  of  Drury's 
Bluff,  the  various  combats  in  front  of  the  Bermuda 
Hundred  lines,  the  battle  of  Fussell's  Mills,  the  action 
of  Deep  Bottom,  the  siege  of  Petersburg,  the  actions 
at  Newmarket  Heights  on  the  Newmarket  Road,  the 
Darbytown  Road,  and  the  Williamsburg  Road.  On 
January  2,  1865,  after  the  failure  of  the  first  attempt  to 
take  Fort  Fisher,  which  commanded  the  sea  approaches 
to  Wilmington,  North  Carolina,  General  Terry  was 
ordered  to  renew  the  attack  with  a  force  numbering  a 
little  over  eight  thousand  men.  On  the  13th  he  de- 
barked his  troops  about  five  miles  above  the  fort,  and 
finding  himself  confronted  by  General  Robert  F.  Hoke's 
Confederate  division,  proceeded  to  throw  a  line  of  strong 


intrenchments  across  the  peninsula  between  the  sea  and 
Cape  Fear  River,  facing  toward  Wilmington,  and  about 
two  miles  north  of  the  fort.  After  the  landing  of  the 
troops,  the  co-operating  fleet  under  Admiral  David  D. 
Porter,  numbering  forty-four  vessels,  and  mounting  up- 
ward of  five  hundred  guns,  opened  fire  upon  the  work, 
and  from  4.30  to  6  p.m.,  four  shots  a  second,  or  twenty 
thousand  in  all,  were  fired.  This  was  the  heaviest  bom- 
bardment of  the  war.  On  the  14th  the  line  of  intrench- 
ment  was  completed,  and  General  Charles  J.  Paine's 
division  of  infantry  was  placed  upon  it.  While  this  was 
in  progress,  General  Terry  made  a  reconnoissance  of  the 
fort,  and  in  view  of  the  difficulty  of  landing  supplies  for 
his  troops  and  the  materials  for  a  siege  upon  an  open, 
unprotected  beach  in  midwinter,  he  determined  to  carry 
the  work  by  assault  the  next  day,  and  the  plan  of  attack 
was  arranged  the  next  day  with  Admiral  Porter.  At  1 1 
a.m.  on  the  15th,  the  entire  fleet  opened  fire,  silencing 
nearly  every  gun  in  the  fort.  Admiral  Porter  landed 
two  thousand  sailors  and  marines ;  gained  the  parapet 
by  hand-to-hand  fighting  of  the  most  obstinate  character, 
and  by  five  o'clock  nine  of  the  traverses  of  the  fort  which 
had  been  constructed  were  carried,  and  General  Tern- 
ordered  up  reinforcements,  consisting  of  a  brigade  and 
the  sailors  and  marines,  taking  their  places  there;  by 
nine  o'clock  two  more  traverses  were  carried,  and  one 
hour  later  the  occupation  of  the  work  was  complete,  and 
the  Confederate  force  surrendered.  For  this  General 
Terry  was  promoted  to  be  brigadier-general  in  the  regu- 
lar army  and  major-general  of  volunteers,  and  received 
the  thanks  of  Congress.  I  [e  was  brevetted  major- 
general  in  the  regular  army  on  March  13,  1865,  for  his 
services  at  the  capture  of  Wilmington.  He  was  pro- 
moted to  the  rank  of  major-general  March  3,  1 
serving  in  charge  of  the  Division  of  the  Missouri  until 
his  retirement  in  April,  1888. 


422 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


COMMANDER  SILAS  WRIGHT  TERRY,   U.S.N. 

Commander  Silas  Wright  Terry  was  born  in  Ken- 
tucky, December,  1842;  entered  the  Naval  Academy, 
September,  1858.  Ensign  September,  1862.  Commis- 
sioned lieutenant  February,  1864.  Lieutenant-com- 
mander, I uly,  1866.  Commissioned  commander  July, 
1877.  At  the  outbreak  of  the  Rebellion,  before  com- 
pleting his  academic  course,  this  officer  was  ordered  into 
active  service.  Was  in  "Dale"  ami  "Wabash"  on  At- 
lantic coast,  and  engagements  with  sharp-shooters  in 
"  Edisto"  during  boat  expedition.  Aid  to  Rear-Admiral 
Lee  for  some  time,  then  attached  to  "  Dacotah,"  block- 
ading Cape  Fear  River.  Thence  he  went  to  the  flag- 
flag-ship  "Black  Hawk,"  on  the  Mississippi.  Took  part 
in  the  Red  River  expedition,  and  at  Alexandria,  Louisi- 
ana, was  placed  in  command  of  transport  "  Benefit," 
with  fifty  men  and  two  howitzers,  to  carry  despatches 
and  supplies  to  Porter.  We  regret  that  space  does  not 
allow  the  full  recountal  of  how  he  fought  his  way  up 
the  river  ;  he  had  his  river-captain  and  three  men  killed 
in  reaching  Admiral  Porter,  who  handsomely  acknowl- 
edged this  service.  Lieutenant  Tern-  was  advanced  five 
numbers  in  his  grade  "  for  gallant  conduct  on  expedition 
up  Red  River."  In  May,  1864,  he  was  appointed  detail 
officer  on  the  staff  of  Admiral  Porter,  and  served  in  that 
capacity  until  the  close  of  the  war.  He  was  present  at 
the  operations  at  Forts  Fisher  and  Anderson,  and  the  cap- 
ture of  Wilmington,  as  well  as  at  the  fall  of  Richmond, 
accompanying  President  Lincoln  and  Admiral  Porter  on 


the  morning  that  city  was  occupied  by  General  Grant's 
forces.  After  the  close  of  the  Civil  War  he  made  a 
cruise  in  the  "  Ticonderoga,"  on  the  European  Station, 
and  then  served  at  the  Naval  Academy  for  two  years, 
lie  was  executive  officer  of  the  flag-ships  "Severn"  and 
"  Worcester ;"  and  then  was  attached  to  the  Naval  Ob- 
servatory for  one  year,  passing  to  the  Naval  Academy, 
and  thence  to  the  inspectorship  of  the  Fifth  Light-House 
District. 

He  was  next  in  command  of  the  "Marion,"  South 
Atlantic  Station,  during  which  cruise  he  was  ordered  to 
Heard's  Island,  latitude  530  20'  south,  longitude  730 
30'  cast,  to  rescue  the  crew  of  the  bark  "Trinity."  He 
reached  the  island,  after  coaling  at  Cape  Town,  on  Janu- 
ary 15,  1882,  and  rescued  thirty-three  of  the  "Trinity's" 
crew,  who  had  been  there  since  October,  1880.  The  men 
were  on  the  point  of  starvation.  The  "  Marion"  returned 
to  Cape  Town  on  February  20,  1882,  and  Commander 
Terry's  despatch  announcing  the  rescue  was  received  in 
Washington  the  same  day.  Commander  Terry  was  at 
once  requested  by  Lloyd's  agents  to  assist  the  English 
ship  "  Poonah,"  on  the  beach  a  few  miles  off.  The  Eng- 
lish commodore  had  declined  to  render  assistance,  but 
the  "  Marion"  was  successful  in  getting  the  vessel  off. 
Sir  Hercules  Robinson,  the  governor  of  Cape  Colony, 
tendered  to  Commander  Terry  and  his  officers  and  crew 
official  thanks  ;  and  the  British  government,  on  repre- 
sentations made  by  the  governor  of  Cape  Colony,  wrote 
a  letter  of  thanks  to  Commander  Tern',  through  the 
British  Minister  at  Washington  and  the  Department  of 
State. 

From  April,  1883,  to  October,  1884,  Commander 
Terry  was  stationed  at  the  League  Island  Navy- Yard. 
From  October,  1884,  to  May  26,  1886,  he  commanded 
the  Training  Squadron,  comprising  the  "  Portsmouth," 
"Jamestown,"  and  "Saratoga."  In  October,  1885,  the 
vessels  of  the  squadron  were  inspected,  at  Newport, 
Rhode  Island,  by  the  chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Equipment 
and  Recruiting,  who  addressed  an  official  communication 
to  Commander  Terry,  after  the  inspection,  in  which  he 
says,  "The  zeal  and  interest  shown  by  the  officers,  the 
skill  and  knowledge  of  their  duties  shown  by  the  appren- 
tices, and  the  excellent  condition  of  the  several  vessels, 
alike  reflected  the  greatest  credit  on  all  concerned.'' 

In  October,  1887,  Commander  Terry  was  appointed 
member  of  the  Naval  Examining  and  Retiring  Boards, 
where  he  is  at  present. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


423 


REAR-ADMIRAL    HENRY    KNOX  THATCHER,  U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Rear-Admiral  Henry  Knox  Thatcher  was  born 
in  Maine,  at  the  seat  of  his  grandfather,  Major- General 
Hqpry  Knox, — who  was  one  of  the  most  remarkable  men 
the  Revolutionary  War  produced, — the  organizer  of  the 
artillery  of  the  Continental  troops,  and  the  recipient  of 
the  surrender  of  New  York  City,  by  the  British,  when 
the)-  took  their  final  departure.  His  other  functions,  in- 
cluding a  service  of  eleven  years  as  Secretary  of  War, 
are  well  known  to  all  Americans  who  read. 

His  grandson,  Henry  Knox  Thatcher,  was  appointed 
midshipman  in  March,  1823.  He  served  in  the  equipment 
of  the  elder  Porter's  "  Mosquito  Fleet,"  and  then  in  the 
"United  States,"  frigate,  under  Commander  Isaac  Hull. 
Passing,  in  1S29,  he  served  on  board  the  "  Independence," 
74,  and  as  master,  in  two  vessels  of  the  West  India  Squad- 
ron, under  Commodore  Elliot. 

He  was  made  lieutenant  in  February,  1833.  Served 
at  Boston  Navy- Yard,  and  in  a  kw  months  went  to  the 
West  Indies  again, — in  the  "  Falmouth"  and  then  in  the 
"  Erie."  After  some  shore  service  at  Boston,  he  went  to 
the  Mediterranean  in  the  "  Brandywine,"  frigate,  and  re- 
turned from  that  cruise  to  be  stationed  in  Boston  again. 
He  then,  on  going  to  sea  again,  served,  from  1847  to 
1853,  in  the  African,  the  Mediterranean,  and  the  Brazil 
Squadron, — in  which  latter  he  commanded  the  "  Relief." 

In  1854  he  was  ordered  to  duty  at  the  Naval  Asylum 
at  Philadelphia,  but,  being  promoted  to  commander  in 
February,  1855,  he  went  to  the  command  of  the  sloop- 
of-war  "Decatur"  in  the  Pacific.  In  1860-61  he  was 
executive-officer  of  the  Boston  Navy- Yard,  and  in  1862 
-63  commanded  the  "  Constellation"  on  the  European 
Station. 

He  was  promoted  to  commodore  during  this  command, 
and  relieved,  in  July,  1 863,  and  ordered  home  to  command 
the  steam-frigate  "  Colorado"  and  a  division  of  the  South- 
ern blockade.     He  commanded  the  First  Division  of  the 


squadron  in  the  attacks  upon  and  capture  of  Fort  Fisher 
and  its  dependencies,  in  December,  1864,  and  January, 
1865.  He  was,  after  that,  ordered  to  command  the  West 
Gulf  Squadron,  as  acting  rear-admiral,  and  at  once  com- 
menced active  operations  for  the  capture  of  Mobile,  and 
the  possession  of  the  coast  of  Texas,  in  co-operation — in 
the  former  case — with  the  land-forces  under  General 
Canby.  There  was  a  vigorous  bombardment  at  Mobile 
of  Fort  Alexis  and  of  Spanish  Fort,  after  which  they 
were  carried  by  assault  by  the  army  on  the  night  of  April 
9,  1865,  which  success  left  the  minor  works  a  compara- 
tively easy  prey  to  the  forces. 

In  May,  1866,  Commodore  Thatcher  was  relieved  from 
the  command  of  the  Gulf  Squadron,  and  ordered  to  that 
of  the  North  Pacific,  in  which  command  he  remained 
until  relieved,  in  August,  [S68. 

During  his  Pacific  cruise  he  had  been  commissioned 
as  rear-admiral,  to  date  from  July  25,  1866.  He  was 
post-admiral  at  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  from  1869 
to  1 87  1.     He  died  in  188 1. 


4^4 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


MAJOR-GENERAL  GEORGE    H.  THOMAS.    U.S.A. 
(deceased). 

Major- General  George  H.  Thomas  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  graduated  from  the  Military  Academy 
July  i,  1840.  He  was  promoted  second  lieutenant  and 
assigned  to  the  Third  Artillery.  He  served  in  garrison 
at  Fort  Columbus,  \.  Y.,  until  the  Florida  War,  in  which 
he  participated.  He  assisted  in  Major  Wade's  capture  of 
seventy  Seminole  Indians  on  Nov.  6,  1841,  and  was  "  bre- 
vetted  first  lieutenant,  Nov.  6,  1841,  for  gallantry  and  good 
conduct  against  the  Florida  Indians." 

From  1842  to  1845  he  served  in  garrisons  in  the  South 
and  Southeast,  ami  in  1X45  participated  in  the  military  oc- 
cupation of  Texas;  and  when  war  was  declared  with  Mexico 
he  participated  in  the  operations  and  movements  thereof, 
being  engaged  in  the  defence  of  Fort  Brown,  in  May, 
[846,  and  the  battles  of  Monterey  and  Buena  Vista. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  April  30,  1846,  and 
was  brevetted  captain,  September  J3,  far  gallant  conduct 
in  tile  several  conflicts  at  Monterey,  Mexico,  and  major, 
February  23,  1847,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct 
in  the  battle  of  Buena  Vista,  Mexico. 

After  the  cessation  of  hostilities  with  Mexico  the  Sem- 
inole Indians  again  took  the  war-path,  in  which  he  par- 
ticipated. On  December  4,  1853,  he  was  promoted 
captain,  and  served  in  various  sections  of  the  country 
until  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  ;  being  during  the  interim 
promoted  major,  Second  Cavalry,  May  12,  1855;  April 
25,  1861,  he  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel,  Second 
Cavalry;  colonel,  Second  Cavalry,  August  3,  1861,  and 
.hi  August  17,  1 86 1,  brigadier-general  U.  S.  Volunteers. 
From  June  I  to  August  26,  1861,  he  participated  in  the 
operations  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  being  engaged  in 
the  various  actions  and  skirmishes  in  that  vicinity;  and 
until  May  30,  1862,  he  participated  in  the  various  move- 
ments and  operations   in  the  march   to   Nashville,  Ten- 


nessee, and   Corinth,  Mississippi,  being  engaged  in  the 
actions  and  combats  during  the  march. 

He  was  appointed  major-general,  U.S.  Volunteers,  April 
25,  1862,  and  was  in  command  at  Corinth,  Mississippi, 
from  June  5-22,  1862.  During  the  operations  in  North 
Alabama,  Tennessee,  and  Kentucky,  from  June  26  to 
November  7,  1S62,  he  was  with  the  Army  of  the  Ohio, 
and  participated  in  the  many  skirmishes,  actions,  and 
battles.  From  November  7,  1862,  to  October  19,  1863, 
he  was  with  Major-General  Rosecrans  in  the  Tennessee 
campaign,  in  command  of  the  Fourteenth  Army  Corps 
(Army  of  the  Cumberland),  and  during  the  many  hotly- 
contested  encounters,  from  Nashville  to  Chattanooga, 
in  which  he  participated,  he  was  conspicuous  for  daring 
and  gallantry  on  the  field  of  battle.  He  was  in  com- 
mand of  the  Department  and  Army  of  the  Cumberland 
from  October  19,  1863,  being  engaged  in  opening  com- 
munications by  the  Tennessee  River  and  Lookout  Val- 
ley to  November  26,  1S63,  participating  in  the  battle  of 
Missionary  Ridge,  the  pursuit  of  the  enemy,  and  combat 
at  Ringgold,  Georgia.  He  was  promoted  brigadier-gen- 
eral, U.S.A.,  October  22,  1S63. 

During  the  invasion  of  Georgia,  May  2  to  September 
7,  1X64,  he  was  in  command  of  the  Army  of  the  Cum- 
berland, composed  of  the  Fourth,  Eleventh,  and  Twen- 
tieth Army  Corps  and  three  cavalry  divisions,  and  with 
this  command  participated  in  the  demonstrations  and 
operations,  in  which  were  daily  skirmishes  and  actions, 
to  Atlanta,  Georgia,  occupying  that  city  after  a  long 
siege.  He  was  engaged  in  organizing  the  defences  of 
Tennessee  against  the  invasion  of  General  Hood's  army 
during  the  fall  of  1864,  and  during  the  hotly-contested 
battles  in  the  vicinity  of  Nashville,  Tennessee.  He  was 
promoted  major-general,  U.S.A.,  December  15,  1864. 
He  was  in  command  of  the  Military  Division  of  Ten- 
nessee, embracing  the  Departments  of  Kentucky,  Ten- 
nessee, Georgia,  Alabama,  and  Mississippi,  with  head- 
quarters at  Nashville,  from  June  27,  1865,  to  Aug.  13, 
1866,  and  of  the  Dept.  of  Tennessee  from  Aug.  13,  1886, 
to  March  11,  1867,  with  head- quarters  at  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  and  Louisville,  Ky.,  when  he  was  assigned  to  the 
Third  Military  District  (Georgia,  Florida,  and  Alabama), 
from  which  he  was  relieved  at  his  own  request,  and  of 
the  Dept.  of  the  Cumberland,  March  16,  1867. 

The  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the 
United  States,  in  Congress  assembled,  resolved,  March 
3.  1865,— 

"That  the  thanks  of  Congress  are  due  and  are  hereby 
tendered  to  Major-General  George  II.  Thomas,  and  the 
officers  and  soldiers  under  his  command,  for  their 
skill  and  dauntless  courage,  by  which  the  rebel  army 
under  General  Hood  was  signally  defeated  and  driven 
from  the  State  of  Tennessee." 

General  Thomas  died  March  28,  1870. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL   WAR. 


425 


MAJOR   AND   BREVET   BRIGADIER-GENERAL  HENRY 
GODDARD   THOMAS,   U.S.A.   (retired). 

Major  and  Brevet  Brigadier- General  Henry 
Goddakd  Thomas  was  born  April  5,  1837,  at  Portland, 
Maine.  He  is  the  son  of  William  Widgery  Thomas, 
Portland's  war-mayor.  Descends,  on  his  father's  side, 
from  Isaiah  Thomas,  publisher  of  the  first  Bible  in  New 
England,  and  William  Widgery,  judge  and  member  of 
Congress  from  Maine.  On  his  mother's  side  he  descends 
from  Timothy  Pickering,  Washington's  Postmaster-Gen- 
eral, Secretary  of  War  and  State,  etc.  He  graduated  at 
Amherst  College,  Massachusetts,  in  1858,  '/'  />'  A"  of  that 
college;  first  assistant,  Boys'  High  School,  Portland, 
Maine,  1858-59;  read  law  from  October,  1859,  to  April, 
1861  ;  member  Cumberland  bar.  Enlisted  April  27,  1861  ; 
elected  captain  of  his  company  (G,  Fifth  Maine),  May  4, 
1 861. 

First  "  smelled  powder"  at  first  Bull  Run.  His  colonel, 
Mark  H.  Dunnell,  since  member  of  Congress  from  Min- 
nesota, in  his  report  of  this  battle,  says  of  him:  "... 
Captain  Thomas  exhibited  a  coolness  and  courage  not 
surpassed  by  any  other  on  the  field."  General  O.  O. 
Howard,  commander  ol  brigade,  endorses  this :  "  .  .  . 
(  >n  the  day  of  battle  I  found  you  working  hard  to  rally 
a  broken  line."  From  this  and  other  recommendations, 
Captain  Thomas  was  appointed  captain,  Eleventh  U.  S. 
Infantry,  August  5,  1 861. 

In  December,  1862,  he  was  offered  by  Governor  An- 
drew, of  Massachusetts,  who  had  the  nomination  thereto, 
the  colonelcy  of  one  of  the  five  colored  regiments  about 
to  be  raised  in  Louisiana.  This  he  accepted,  and  was 
commissioned  early  in  1863,  being  the  first  regular  officer 
to  accept  a  colored  regiment.  In  Louisiana  he  contracted 
a  malarial  fever,  which  developed,  first,  into  a  gastric  and 
afterwards  a  typhoid  fever.  His  youth  and  fine  consti- 
tution enabled  him  to  take  the  field  again  with  the 
Eleventh  Infantry  in  September,  1863, — serving  with 
them  through  the  campaign  of  1863.  In  the  winter  of 
1863-64,  he  was  again  appointed  colonel,  this  time  of 
the  Nineteenth  U.  S.  Colored  Troops.  After  raising  his 
regiment  in  Maryland,  he  was  placed  in  command  of 
Camp  Birney,  Baltimore,  the  largest  post  in  the  depart- 
ment. Taking  the  field  (Arm)-  of  the  Potomac)  at  the 
head  of  three  regiments,  at  the  commencement  of  hos- 
tilities in  April,  1864,  he  was  assigned  to  command  the 
Second  Brigade,  Fourth  Division,  Ninth  Corps.  He  took 
part  in  all  the  battles  of  his  command,  from  the  Wilder- 
ness to  the  taking  of  Richmond,  when  he  was  assigned 
to  the  only  separate  command,  that  of  Manchester,  Vir- 
ginia, where  he  extinguished  the  fires  set  by  their  own 
people  and  saved  millions  of  property  ;  saved  the  mills, 
operated  them,  and  fed  the  people.  He  was  transferred 
to  the  Arm}-  of  the  James,  Twenty-fifth  Corps,  about 
New-Year's,  1S65,  and  commanded  the  First  Division 
54 


of  that  corps  for  a  short  period,  as  also  the  corps  tem- 
porarily in  the  absence  of  General  Weitzel. 

General  Thomas  was  made  brigadier-general  Dec.  9, 
1864,  at  the  age  of  twenty-seven.  In  recommending  him, 
General  Burnside  says,  "  His  uniform  good  conduct,  par- 
ticularly his  conspicuous  gallantry  before  Petersburg,  July 
30,  entitle  him  to  the  favorable  consideration  of  the  de- 
partment." General  Weitzel,  taking  leave  of  him  at  the 
close  of  the  war,  says,  "  His  brigade  is  and  always  has 
been  one  of  the  finest  in  my  corps."  General  B.  F. 
Butler,  recommending  him  for  colonel  (regular)  at  the 
close  of  the  war,  says,  "  His  record  as  a  gallant  soldier 
and  a  true-hearted  and  attentive  officer  stands  among 
the  highest  on  every  report  of  action  or  inspection." 

He  was  appointed  major  Forty-first  Infantry  and 
declined  it,  because  his  medical  advisers  held  that  a 
return  to  the  extreme  South  in  his  case  would  bring 
death  or  permanent  invalidism.  Since  the  war  his  ser- 
vice has  been  in  the  Indian  country  on  our  West- 
ern frontier,  except  a  detail  in  Philadelphia  during  the 
Centennial  of  1876.  He  received  the  brevets  of  major, 
lieutenant-colonel,  colonel,  and  brigadier-general, U.S.A., 
and  that  of  brevet  major-general,  volunteers.  In  1878  he 
was  transferred  into  the  Pay  Corps,  U.  S.  A. 

General  Thomas  has  contributed  somewhat  to  cur- 
rent literature  in  newspapers  and  magazines. 

In  1884  he  was  present  at  the  military  maneeuvres  in 
Sweden  and  Norway,  unaccredited,  but  as  the  guest  of 
the  king,  and  has  contributed  the  military  chapter  to 
the  late  work  on  Sweden  and  the  Swedes,  by  his  brother, 
W.  W.  Thomas,  Jr.,  minister  to  Sweden  and  Norway. 
Also  the  chapter  on  the  "  Colored  Troops  at  Peters- 
burg," in  the  Century  War  History,  entitled  "Battles 
and  Leaders."  His  health  having  failed  him,  he  was 
retired,  July  2,  1891,  after  a  continuous  service  of  over 
thirty  years. 


426 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  regular) 


CAPTAIN  J.   M.  THOMPSON,   U.S.A. 

Captain  ].  M.  Thompson  (Twenty-fourth  Infantry)  was 
born  in  Lebanon,  New  Hampshire,  August  i,  1842.  He 
enlisted  as  a  private  in  Company  E,  Seventh  New  Hamp- 
shire Volunteers,  November  7,  1861, and  served  with  this 
regiment  at  Fort  Jefferson,  Florida,  and  Beaufort,  Smith 
Carolina,  until  appointed  second  lieutenant,  First  South 
Carolina  Volunteers,  November  28,  [862.  He  was  pro- 
moted first  lieutenant  January  27,  1863,  and  captain 
November  7,  1863.  Designation  of  the  regiment  was 
changed  to  Thirty-third  U.  S.  Colored  Troops  February  S, 
1864.  He  was  present  during  the  siege  of  Charleston 
ami  minor  operations  from  June,  1S62,  until  capture  of 
the  city,  in  the  command  known  as  Department  of  the 
South,  and  designated  as  Tenth  Army  Corps.  He  was 
with  expedition  up  St.  Mary's  River,  Florida,  January 
and  February,  1863  ;  in  command  of  detachment  inaction 
with  cavalry  at  Township,  January  26,  1S63  ;  in  expe- 
dition up  St.  John's  River,  Florida-  for  recapture  of 
Jacksonville,  March  and  April,  1863,  participating  in  the 
engagement  of  Jacksonville,  March  29.  He  was  acting 
aide-de-camp  of  Kozlay's  Brigade,  June,  1864,  and  re- 
lieved to  lead  his  company  in  the  assault  on  Fort  Lamar 
(front  of  Charleston).  The  First  South  Carolina  Volun- 
teers was  the  first  colored  regiment  ever  mustered  into 
the  United  States  service.  Its  officers  were  proclaimed 
outlaws  and  felons  by  the  1 'resident  of  the  Confederate 
States,  in  General  Order  No.  60,  dated  at  Richmond 
August  21,  1862.  (Its  first  colonel  was  Thomas  Went- 
worth  Higginson,  of  Massachusetts.)  Commanding  com- 
pany at  engagement  on  James  Island,  South  Carolina, 
July  1  and  2,  1864;  commanding  company  in  assault  on 
Fort  Lamar,  same  dates  and  place. 

After  serving  as  brigade  adjutant-general,  provost- 
marshal,  provost-judge,  and  commanding  forces  at  Abbe- 
ville Court-House,  and  provost-marshal  and  treasurer  of 


Charleston,  from    1864  to   1866,  he  was  honorably  mus- 
tered out  of  service  as  captain,  January  31,  1866. 

Captain  Thompson  then  entered  the  regular  service  as 
second  lieutenant,  Thirty-eighth  Infantry,  July  28,  1866, 
and  was  brevctted  first  lieutenant,  March  2,  1867,  for 
"gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  James  Island,  S.  C." 

He  joined  his  regiment  at  Jefferson  Barracks  in  Novem- 
ber, 1866,  and  was  acting  regimental  adjutant  from  De- 
cember 15,  1866,  to  May  4,  1867.  He  was  promoted 
first  lieutenant  November  4,  1867.  His  regiment  being 
transferred  to  Kansas  in  1867,  he  served  in  various  capa- 
cities at  Forts  Hays  and  Harker,  and  in  the  field  until 
April,  1869,  when  he  left  Fort  Harker  in  command  of 
Company  B,  Thirty-eighth  Infantry,  en  route  to  Fort 
Richardson, Texas,  via  Forts  Hays,  Dodge,  Sill,  Arbuckle, 
and  Sherman,  Texas,  reaching  Fort  Richardson  June  22, 
1869,  having  marched  six  hundred  and  eighty-seven 
miles.  He  was  transferred  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Infantry, 
August  23,  18G9,  on  the  consolidation  of  regiments,  and 
served  at  Forts  Richardson,  Griffin,  Clark,  and  McKavett, 
Texas.  He  was  employed  in  scouting  in  the  vicinity  of 
San  Saba  River  and  Manardsville,  after  hostile  Indians, 
in  October  and  November,  1 871  ;  on  expedition  to  the 
"Staked  Plains"  against  hostile  Indians  in  June,  1872, 
and  on  escort  duty  from  August  to  October,  1872,  return- 
ing from  which  was  attacked  by  Indians  in  Sept.  of  that 
year,  and  in  Dec.  was  ordered  to  Fort  Brown,  Texas. 

Lieutenant  Thompson  was  detailed  on  general  recruit- 
ing service  from  March,  1875,  to  March,  1877,  and  was 
stationed  at  Newport  Barracks,  Kentucky,  and  Columbus 
Barracks,  Ohio,  and  on  leave  of  absence  to  May  1,  1S77, 
when  he  rejoined  his  regiment  at  Ringgold  Barracks, 
Texas,  and  was  promoted  captain  December  23,  1878, 
which  carried  him  to  Fort  Mcintosh,  Texas,  from  which 
post  he  was  relieved  October  2J,  1880,  and  marched  to 
Fort  Sill,  Indian  Territory,  a  distance  of  eight  hundred 
and  fifteen  miles.  He  was  on  detached  service  at  Fort 
Leavenworth.  Kansas,  as  executive-officer,  in  connection 
with  the  Department  and  Division  Rifle  Contest,  in  Sep- 
tember and  October,  1883,  and  rejoined  his  company  at 
Fort  Supply,  Indian  Territory.  He  was  on  detached 
service  in  the  vicinity  of  Rodger's  Ranche,  New  Mexico, 
hunting,  fishing,  and  taking  observations,  in  August, 
[888,  and  at  Fort  Wingate,  New  Mexico,  in  July  and 
August,  1889,  as  chief  range-officer,  and  in  command  of 
competitors  in  the  department  rifle  competition. 

Capt.  Thompson  was  again  detailed  on  general  recruit- 
ing service  from  Oct.  I,  1889,  to  Oct.  I,  1 89 1,  and  sta- 
tioned at  Providence,  R.  I.  He  was  on  leave  of  absence 
to  Jan.  2,  1892,  when  he  rejoined  his  regiment  at  San 
Carlos,  Arizona,  his  present  station.  Capt.  Thompson  is 
a  member  of  the  Military  Order  of  the  Loyal  Legion,  of 
the  New  York  Society  of  the  Sons  of  the  American  Rev- 
olution, ami  New  Hampshire  Society  of  the  same  order. 


WHO  SERVED   IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


427 


COLONEL  AND  BREVET  BRIGADIER-GENERAL  JOHN 
C.  TIDBALL,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Colonel  and  Brevet  Brigadier-General  John  C. 
Tidball  was  born  in  Ohio  County,  Virginia,  but  at  an 
early  age  emigrated  with  his  parents  to  Belmont 
County,  Ohio,  from  which  place  he  entered  the  Military 
Academy  in  1844,  graduating  in  1848;  shortly  after- 
wards assigned  as  second  lieutenant  to  Second  Artil- 
lery. From  the  summer  of  1849  to  tne  winter  of  185 1 
he  served  in  Florida,  assisting  in  the  suppression  of  In- 
dian hostilities;  after  that,  until  the  spring  of  1853,  in 
Charleston  harbor,  South  Carolina. 

In  March,  1853,  he  was  promoted  first  lieutenant,  and 
joined  his  company  at  Fort  Defiance,  New  Mexico. 
Shortly  afterwards  he  was  detailed  to  accompany  Cap- 
tain (subsequently  General)  Whipple,  of  the  engineers,  in 
his  exploration  for  a  railroad  route  to  the  Pacific  through 
New  Mexico,  Arizona,  and  Southern  California,  a  route 
since  realized  .is  the  Atlantic  and  Pacific  Railroad. 
This  duty  occupied  the  winter  and  spring  of  1853-54. 
In  the  following  fall  he  was  assigned  to  Coast  Survey 
duty  at  Washington,  where  he  continued  until  the  fall  of 
1859,  when  he  rejoined  his  company  at  Fort  Monroe, 
Virginia;  soon  after  which  he  accompanied  the  troops 
sent  to  Harper's  Ferry  to  suppress  John  Brown's  raid. 

The  war  of  the  Rebellion  having  broken  out,  Lieuten- 
ant Tidball  accompanied  his  battery  with  the  expedition 
that  sailed,  in  April,  1 861,  to  the  relief  of  Fort  Pickens. 
In  July  the  battery  returned  to  Washington,  and  was  at 
once  hurried  to  the  front  to  participate  in  the  Manassas 
campaign  of  that  year,  in  which  he  commanded  his  bat- 
ter}', having  been  promoted  to  it  as  captain. 

Soon  after  the  Manassas  campaign  Captain  Tidball 
organized  his  light  battery  into  a  horse  battery,  the  first 
battery  of  the  kind  ever  organized  on  this  continent. 
With  his  battery  thus  equipped,  he  accompanied  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac  to  the  Peninsula.  He  was  in  the 
campaigns  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  being  engaged 
in  the  siege  of  Yorktown,  battle  of  Williamsburg,  actions 
at  New  Bridge  and  Mechanicsville  ;  battles  of  Gaines' 
Mill,  Malvern  Hill,  skirmish  of  Harrison's  Landing,  skir- 
mish at  Boonsborough,  battle  of  Antietam,  skirmish  at 
Shepherdstown  and  march  to  Falmouth,  Virginia,  being 
engaged  in  the  skirmishes  of  Upperville,  Markham,  and 
Amisville,  1862  ;  in  the  campaign  of  1863,  being  engaged 
in  Stoneman's  raid  toward  Richmond,  and  battle  of 
Chancellorsville ;  in  command  of  Second  Brigade  Horse 
Artillery,  battle  of  Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania;  in  the  de- 
fences of  Washington,  D.  C,  August,  1863,  to  March, 
1864;  he  was  appointed  colonel,  Fourth  New  York 
Volunteer  Artillery,  August  28,  1863,  and  was  in 
command  of  the  artillery  of  the  Second  Corps,  in 
the  campaigns  of  1864-65,  being  engaged  in  the  bat- 
tles   of    the    Wilderness,    Spottsylvania,    North    Anna, 


Tolopotomy,  Cold  Harbor,  and  siege  of  Petersburg.  He- 
was  at  the  Military  Academy  as  commandant  of  cadets 
and  instructor  of  artillery,  infantry,  and  cavalry  tactics, 
July  10  to  September  22,  1864;  in  command  of  the 
artillery  of  the  Ninth  Corps,  being  engaged  in  the  siege 
of  Petersburg,  including  the  repulse  of  the  attack  on  Fort 
Steadman,  and  assault  from  Fort  Sedgwick  upon  the 
rebel  works;  pursuit  of  the  rebel  army,  terminating  in 
the  capitulation  of  General  R.  E.  Lee  at  Appomattox 
Court-House,  April  9,  1865.  He  was  mustered  out  of 
the  volunteer  service  September  30,  1865. 

The  war  having  closed,  he  returned  to  the  command 
of  his  battery  at  the  Presidio  of  San  Francisco.  He 
was  brevetted  through  the  various  grades  to  that  of 
brigadier-general  U.  S.  Army,  and  major-general  of  vol- 
unteers. In  1867  he  was  selected  as  one  of  the  new 
majors  of  artillery,  being  appointed  as  such  to  his  old 
regiment,  the  Second.  Served  in  command  of  the  Dis- 
trict of  Astoria,  Oregon,  1867-68;  of  District  of  Kenai, 
Alaska,  1868-70;  on  leave  of  absence,  October  7,  1869, 
to  March,  1870;  in  command  of  District  of  Alaska, 
1870-71  ;  of  Depot  Guard  at  Yerba  Buena  Island,  Cali- 
fornia, November  1,  1 871,  to  November  1,  1872;  and  of 
post  of  Raleigh,  North  Carolina,  November  16,  1872,  to 
April  29,  1874;  and  as  superintendent  of  artillery  instruc- 
tion at  the  U.  S.  Artillery  School,  Fort  Monroe,  Vir- 
ginia, to  January  I,  1881  ;  aide-de-camp  (colonel)  to 
General  of  the  Army,  January  I,  1881,  to  February  8, 
1884;  he  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel,  Third  Artillery, 
June  30,  1882,  and  transferred  to  First  Artillery,  Novem- 
ber 10,  1882  ;  transferred  to  Third  Artillery,  January  25, 
1884;  and  promoted  colonel,  First  Artillery,  March  22, 
1885  ;  he  was  in  command  of  the  U.  S.  Artillery  School 
and  post  of  Fort  Monroe,  Virginia,  from  November  1, 
1883,  to  January  25,  1889,  when,  having  arrived  at  the 
legal  age,  he  was  retired  from  active  service. 


42  8 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


COLONEL  JOSEPH  GREENE  TILFORD,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Colonel  Joseph  Greene  Tilford,  son  of  Colonel 
Alexander  Tilford,  a  veteran  of  the  War  of  1812,  was 
born  in  Georgetown,  Kentucky,  November  26,  1828. 
He  graduated  at  West  Point,  July  1,  185  1  ;  was  assigned 
to  the  mounted  rifles,  and  ordered  to  Carlisle  Barracks. 
He  served  there  until  the  fall  of  1853,  then  joined  his 
regiment  in  Texas,  doing  duty  against  the  hostile  Co- 
manche and  Kiowa  Indians,  until  1856,  when  his  regiment 
was  ordered  to  New  Mexico  to  operate  against  the  Nava- 
joes  and  Apaches. 

In  1858,  with  a  detachment  of  his  regiment,  he  ac- 
companied Captain  Marcy  with  a  supply  train  to  Utah; 
entered  Salt  Lake  City  with  General  Albeit  S.  Johnston's 
army,  remained  in  Utah  a  few  weeks,  then  returned  to 
New  Mexico,  where  he  engaged  in  active  warfare  for 
three  years  against  the  Navajoes  and  Apaches.  The 
opening  of  the  Civil  War  found  him  at'Fort  Fauntleroy, 
New  Mexico,  where  he  bade  good-by  to  many  an  old 
friend  who  espoused  the  Southern  cause,  and  left  for  Fort 
Union,  New  Mexico.  From  there  he  marched  with 
General  Canby's  army  to  Fort  Craig,  New  Mexico,  and 
there  engaged  in  many  skirmishes  against  the  rebel 
forces  from  Texas.  He  was  promoted  captain  in  the 
Third  Cavalry,  July  30,  1861,  and  commanded  his  troop 
at  the  battle  of  Val  Verde,  February  21,  1S62,  for  which 
lie  was  brevetted  major  for  gallant  service  in  action. 

In  May  of  1862,  whilst  commanding  an  outpost  of 
General  Canby's  army  (separated  by  the  Rio  Grande 
from  the  army),  he  was  attacked  by  an  overwhelming 
force  oi  the  rebels.  By  parleying  with  them  for  awhile 
he  succeeded  in  getting  his  small  command  in  such  a 
position  as  to  enable  it  to  repulse  tin-  superior  force. 
From  that  time  on  he  was  engaged  in  many  skirmishes 
against  the  rebels  until  July,  when  they  were  driven  from 


the  country.  In  August  his  regiment  was  ordered  to 
Fort  Leavenworth,  from  there  to  St.  Louis,  where  it  re- 
mained for  a  few  weeks, and  was  then  ordered  to  Memphis. 
It  remained  there  until  October,  1863,  and  was  then  de- 
tailed as  part  of  the  body-guard  of  General  Sherman  to 
Chattanooga,  I  le  was  present  at  the  battles  of  Lookout 
Mountain  and  Missionary  Ridge;  also  engaged  in  tin- 
battle  of  Cherokee  Station  and  the  capture  of  Tuscum- 
bia,  Alabama,  where  he  led  the  advance.  He  was  then 
ordered  to  Huntsville,  Alabama,  and  from  there  to  St. 
Louis.  The  regiment  was  remounted  and  recruited  at 
that  place,  and  then  ordered  to  Little  Rock,  Arkansas. 
At  that  point  it  was  actively  engaged.  He  then  served 
on  General  Reynolds's  staff  as  acting  assistant  inspector- 
general. 

In  November,  1865,  he  was  detailed  on  general  re- 
cruiting service,  but  after  a  short  tour  at  Carlisle,  Penn- 
sylvania, he  applied  to  be  relieved  from  duty  and  re- 
joined his  regiment  in  New  Mexico.  He  was  there 
assigned  to  command  the  post  of  Fort  Selden,  where  he- 
remained  until  promoted  major  of  the  Seventh  Cavalry, 
November  14,  1867.  He  joined  the  Seventh  in  Kansas, 
and  was  ordered  with  it  to  the  South  in  1869,  he  being 
assigned  to  command  the  District  of  Chester,  South 
Carolina.  From  there  he  was  ordered  to  command  the 
post  of  Mount  Vernon,  Kentucky,  then  the  post  of  Crab 
Orchard  Springs,  Kentucky.  From  there  he  was  ordered, 
with  two  troops  of  the  Seventh,  to  New  Orleans.  In 
1873  was  sent  with  his  regiment  to  the  Department  of 
Dakota,  and  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  Fort  Rice, 
garrisoned  by  four  troops  of  his  regiment.  In  July, 
1874,  was  ordered  to  report  to  General  Custer,  in  the 
expedition  to  explore  the  Black  Hills.  He  commanded 
the  left  wing  of  General  Custer's  forces.  He  returned  to 
Fort  Rice,  and  from  there  to  the  command  of  Fort  Lin- 
coln, to  which  he  had  been  assigned  in  1877.  In  No- 
vember, 1S7S,  he  was  ordered,  in  command  of  eleven 
troops  of  the  Seventh  Cavalry  and  three  companies  of 
infantry,  to  Nebraska,  to  intercept  the  hostile  Cheyennes, 
who  were  endeavoring  to  make  their  way  North.  lie 
returned  to  Fort  Lincoln,  where  he  remained  until  1882, 
when  he  was  ordered  to  Fort  Buford. 

In  September,  1883,  he  was  promoted  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  the  Seventh  Cavalry,  and  ordered  to  take 
command  of  the  regiment,  with  head-quarters  at  Fort 
Meade,  Dakota.  He  remained  there  until  June  IO,  1888, 
when  he  was  ordered  to  take  command  of  eight  troops 
of  the  Seventh  across  the  country,  four  troops  to  be  left 
at  Fort  Riley,  four  at  Fort  Sill,  Indian  Territory,  which 
post  he  commanded  until  April  11,  [889,  when  he  was 
promoted  colonel  of  the  Ninth  Cavalry.  He  remained 
as  colonel  of  the  Ninth  until  July  I,  1891,  when  he  was 
retired,  on  his  own  application,  after  forty  years  of  ser- 
vice. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIV  IE    WAR. 


BREVET    BRIGADIER-GENERAL  FREDERICK    TOWN- 
SEND,  U.S.A.  (resigned). 

Brevet  Brigadier-General  Frederick  Townsend 
was  born  in  Albany,  New  York,  September  21,  1825. 
His  parents,  Isaiah  and  Hannah  Townsend,  were  natives 
of  New  York,  and  both  descended  from  English  ancestors 
of  same  name,  who  came  to  this  country  in  1640.  He 
was  graduated  at  Union  College  in  1844,  and  admitted 
to  the  practice  of  law  in  1849.  He  was  appointed,  Jan- 
uary 1,  1 857,  by  Governor  John  A.  King,  adjutant-general 
of  the  State,  and  was  reappointed  by  the  succeeding 
governor,  Edward  D.  Morgan,  January  1,  1859,  thus 
holding  the  office  for  four  years,  until  January  1, 
1 861. 

General  Townsend  effected  noted  results  in  the  con- 
solidation and  reorganization  of  the  militia.  At  the  be- 
ginning of  the  Civil  War  he  promptly  tendered  his  services 
to  his  country;  organized  immediately  the  Third  Regi- 
ment of  New  York  State  Volunteers,  of  which  he  was 
commissioned  colonel  in  May, and  which  he  commanded 
at  the  battle  of  Big  Bethel,  June  10,  1861.  He  was  ap- 
pointed major  of  the  Eighteenth  Infantry  (regular  army), 
August  19,  1861,  by  President  Lincoln,  and  assigned  to 
duty  in  the  West.  I  lis  command  first  joined  the  army 
of  General  Buell,  and  then  that  of  General  Rosecrans. 
He  participated  in  the  reconnoissance  to  Lick  Creek, 
Mississippi,  April  26,  1862.  He  took-  part  in  the  siege  of 
Corinth,  April  30,  and  in  its  occupation.  On  the  6th  of 
October  he  was  in  the  advance  of  the  Third  Corps,  Army 
of  the  Ohio,  driving  the  rear-guard  of  the  enemy  from 
Springfield  to  near  Texas,  Kentucky,  and  took'  part  in 
the  battle  of  Perryville,  or  Chaplin  Hill,  Kentucky,  on 
the  8th  of  October.  After  the  first  day  of  the  battle  of 
Stone  River,  Tennessee,  December  31,  1862,  to  and  in- 
cluding January  3,  1863, — all  of  his  senior  officers  of  the 
regular  brigade  having  been  shot,  except  the  commander, 
— he  was  placed  by  the  latter  in  command  of  the  left  wing 
of  the  brigade.  He  was  also  in  the  affair  at  Eaglcville, 
Tennessee,  March  2,  1863,  with  a  large  force  supporting 
a  foraging  party.  In  May,  1863,  he  was  detailed  for 
duty  at  Albany,  New  York',  as  acting  assistant  provost- 
marshal-general. 

In  [867,  on  his  return  from  Europe,  on  the  expiration 
of  a  leave  of  absence,  being  then  lieutenant-colonel  of 
the  Ninth  U.  S.  Infantry,  he  was  ordered  to  California, 
and  placed  by  General  McDowell  on  his  staff  as  acting 
assistant   inspector-general    of  the   department,  and    in 


which  capacity  he  made  an  inspection  of  all  the  govern- 
ment posts  in  Arizona. 


He   resigned   his   commission    in    the  army 


1868. 


For  his  servives  he  received,  successively,  the  brevets  of 
lieutenant-colonel,  that  of  colonel,  and  that  of  brigadier- 
general,  all  in  the  regular  army.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Society  of  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  of  the  Grand 
Army  of  the  Republic,  and  of  the  Military  Order  of  the 
Loyal  Legion. 

On  the  1st  of  January,  1880,  General  Townsend  was 
again  appointed,  by  Governor  A.  B.  Cornell,  adjutant- 
general  of  the  State  of  New  York.  He  held  the  office 
for  three  years.  He  again  consolidated  the  National 
Guard,  made  extensive  reforms,  established  a  service  uni- 
form, and  organized  the  "State  Camp  of  Instruction"  at 
Peekskill-on-the-Hudson,  New  York.  He  was  nomi- 
nated by  the  Republican  State  Convention  in  1880  for 
the  office  of  elector  of  President  and  Vice-President; 
was  elected,  and  cast  his  vote  for  James  A.  Garfield  and 
Chester  A.  Arthur  for  those  offices,  respectively. 

General  Townsend  is  a  director  or  trustee  of  the 
following-named  institutions  : 

New  York  State  National  Bank,  Albany,  New  York. 

Albany  and  Bethlehem  Turnpike  Company,  Albany, 
New  York. 

Union  College,  Schenectady  (since  resigned). 

Vassar  College,  Poughkeepsie,  New  York. 

The  Dudley  Observatory,  Albany,  New  York. 

The  Albany  Academy,  Albany,  New  York. 

The  Albany  Orphan  Asylum,  Albany,  New  York. 


43° 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NA  VY  ikegl'lak) 


MAJOR  AND   BREVET   COLONEL  ALBERT  TRACY, 
U.S.A.  (retired). 

Major  and  Brevet  Colonel  Albert  Tracy  is  a 
native  of  Western  New  York,  having  been  born  in  the 
then  village  of  Buffalo,  in  the  year  1818.  Removing  in 
earlier  life  to  the  State  of  Maine,  he  was,  in  February, 
1847,  appointed  therefrom  to  a  first  lieutenancy  in  the 
Ninth  Infantry, — one  of  the  regiments  added  to  the 
regular  establishment  for  service  in  the  Mexican  War. 
Marching  with  the  Ninth,  in  July,  1847,  from  Vera  Cruz, 
in  the  command  under  General  fierce,  Lieutenant  Tracy 
saw  service  in  the  various  encounters  with  guerillas 
along  the  route  to  the  interior,  notably  in  an  affair  of 
decided  severity  at  Puente  Nacional.  By  the  "  Official 
List  of  Officers  who  were  engaged  in  the  Battles  of 
Mexico,"  published  by  General  Scott  (Mexico,  February 
7,  1848),  Lieutenant  Tracy  stands  further  accredited  as 
present  in  the  several  battles  of  Contreras,  Churubusco, 
Molino  del  Rey,  Chapultepec,  and  the  Garita  Belen. 
"  For  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  in  the  battle  of 
Chapultepec,"  Lieutenant  Tracy  received  the  brevet  of 
1  aptain. 

With  the  close  of  the  Mexican  War,  Captain  Tracy 
was,  with  his  regiment,  disbanded.  Upon  the  increa  e 
of  the  army,  however,  in  1855,  this  officer  was  reappointed 
to  the  grade  of  captain  by  President  Pierce,  his  former 
commander,  and  assigned  to  the  Tenth  Infantry. 

In  the  spiiug  of  1857,  Captain  Tracy  was  engaged  in 
an  expedition  out  from  Fort  Snelling,  Minnesota,  against 
the  Sioux,  and  later  on  in  the  same  year  marched  with  his 
regiment  in  the  expedition  against  the  Mormons  in  Utah, 
the  latter  an  undertaking  which,  for  its  privations  and 
starvations  among  the  snows  of  the  mountains  in  the 
winter  of  1857-58,  lias  scarcely  a  parallel  in  the  history 
of  the   army.      In   October,    1858,   Captain   Tracy  com- 


manded an  expedition  to  check  incursions  of  the  Utes 
upon  inhabitants  of  Salt  Lake  Valley. 

Prior  to  the  actual  outbreak  of  the  Rebellion,  Captain 
Tracy,  then  on  leave  in  the  East,  proceeded  under  orders 
to  Jefferson  Barracks,  Missouri,  whence,  moving  at  night, 
he  reinforced  with  some  three  hundred  and  fifty  men  and 
officers  Captain  Lyon,  at  St.  Louis  Arsenal, — this  post 
being  virtually  in  a  state  of  siege,  and  threatened  with 
capture  by  armed  organizations  of  St.  Louis  City.  Fol- 
lowing upon  his  tour  with  Lyon,  and  also  one  of  detached 
command,  guarding  magazines  near  Jefferson  Barracks, 
Captain  Tracy  accompanied,  as  acting  chief  commissary 
of  subsistence,  the  column  of  General  Fremont,  in  its 
autumn  campaign  to  southwest  Missouri. 

Under  appointment  by  the  President,  in  1862,  as  addi- 
tional aide-de-camp,  with  volunteer  rank  of  colonel, 
Colonel  Tracy  took  part  with  General  Fremont,  as  his 
acting  assistant  adjutant-general,  in  the  campaign  up 
Shenandoah  Valley,  in  pursuit  of  Jackson,  being  present 
at  the  battle  of  Cross-Keys. 

Promoted  in  1S63  from  his  captaincy  in  the  Tenth  to 
be  major  in  the  Fifteenth  Infantry,  and  joining  at  Chat- 
tanooga, Colonel  Tracy  accompanied  with  his  battalion 
the  demonstration  of  General  Thomas,  in  February,  1864, 
towards  Mill-Creek  Gap,  becoming  engaged,  in  com- 
mon with  the  body  of  the  advance,  in  a  prolonged 
and  obstinate  skirmish  with  the  enemy  at  Rocky-Face 
Ridge. 

With  the  command  of  his  regiment  at  Lookout  Moun- 
tain, during  the  winter  of  1864-65,  terminated  the  more 
conspicuous  service  of  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  his 
retirement  from  the  active  list  of  the  army  taking  place- 
in  November,  1865,  for  disability  in  the  line  of  duty. 

"  P"or  meritorious  services  during  the  campaign  of 
[862,  under  General  Fremont,  in  Virginia,"  Colonel 
Tracy  received  the  brevet  of  lieutenant-colonel.  "  for 
faithful  and  meritorious  services  during  the  war,"  the 
brevet  of  colonel. 

In  the  interval  between  his  disbandment  in  1848  and 
his  re-entry  into  service  in  1855,  Colonel  Tracy  was 
appointed  to,  and  held  for  the  period  of  nearly  three 
years,  the  position  of  adjutant-general  of  Maine, — re- 
writing, compiling,  and  procuring  to  be  established, 
the  initiator}-  laws  resuscitating  the  decayed  volunteer 
system  of  the  State,  and  affording  thus  a  proportion  of 
fairly-trained  men  to  meet  the  exigencies  of  a  broad- 
spread  civil  war. 

As  a  writer,  Colonel  Tracy  has  contributed  much  to 
the  press,  while  to  his  attainment  as  an  artist  are  due  the 
pictures  of  "  Molino  del  Rey"  and  "Churubusco,"  painted 
in  Mexico,  at  the  instance  and  under  the  immediate  eye 
of  General  Worth,  and  now  in  possession  of  the  United 
Service  Club  at  Governor's  Island.  Colonel  Tracy  resides 
at  present  at  Portland,  Maine. 


WHO   SERVED   IX   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


43i 


BENJAMIN  FRANKLIN  TRACY 

(SECRETARY  (il    THE   NAVY). 

Benjamin  Franklin  Tracy  was  born  in  Owego,  New- 
York,  April  2,  1830.  His  father  was  a  man  of  marked 
integrity  and  enterprise,  a  pioneer  in  the  settlement  of 
the  southern  tier  of  counties  in  that  State.  His  son  was 
fond  of  stud\',  and  was  educated  at  the  Owego  Academy. 
When  of  the  proper  age  he  entered  a  law-office  in  his 
native  town,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  May,  1851. 
He  soon  won  local  distinction,  for  he  was  pitted  against 
men  who  afterwards  became  distinguished.  In  1853  he 
was,  as  the  Whig  candidate,  elected  district  attorney  for 
Tioga  County,  at  that  time  a  Democratic  stronghold. 
He  was  re-elected  in  1856,  beating  the  Democratic  can- 
didate, Hon.  Gilbert  C.  Walker,  afterwards  governor  of 
Virginia.  Although  on  opposite  sides,  they  were  friends, 
and  soon  after  this  election  formed  a  law  partnership. 
In  1 86 1  Tracy  took  an  active  and  prominent  part  in  the 
exciting  politics  of  the  time,  and  tilled  important  offices 
in  the  State  Legislature.  In  the  spring  of  1862,  under 
appointment  of  the  governor  of  New  York,  he  recruited 
two  regiments  of  State  troops,  the  One  Hundred  and 
Ninth  and  the  One  Hundred  and  Thirty-seventh,  and 
became  the  colonel  of  the  former.  This  regiment  first 
went  to  Baltimore,  and  then  to  Washington,  D.  C,  where 
it  remained  on  duty  until  tin-  spring  of  1864.  Then, 
with  the  general  advance  under  Grant,  it  joined  tin1 
Ninth  Army  Corps  of  tin-  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and 
took  part  in  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness.  Near  the 
close  of  the  battle  he  fell,  exhausted  by  his  exertions, 
and  was  carried  from  the  field  ;  but  refused  to  go  to  the 
hospital,  and  continued  to  lead  his  regiment  during  the 
three  days'  conflict  at  Spottsylvania,  when  he  utterly 
broke  down,  and  was  forced  to  surrender  his  command 
to  the  lieutenant-colonel.  I  le  then  went  North,  to  recruit 
his  health,  and,  in  the  following  September,  was  made 
colonel  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Twenty-seventh  U.  S. 
Colored  Troops,  and  soon  after  was  assigned  to  the  com- 
mand of  the  military  post  at  Elmira,  New  York,  where 
was  a  prison  camp  and  the  draft  rendezvous  for  Western 
New  York.  In  this  camp  there  were  at  one  time  as 
main'  as  ten  thousand  prisoners. 

In  March,  1865,  Colonel  Tracy  was  brevetted  briga- 
dier-general of  volunteers,  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  during  the  war.  On  June  13,  1865,  he  was 
honorably  discharged,  on  tendering  his  resignation. 

Colonel  Tracy  then  entered  the  law-firm  of  Benedict, 
Burr  &  Benedict,  in  New  York  City,  and  in  1866  was 
appointed  U.  S.  district  attorney  for  the  Eastern  District 
of  New  York,  during  which   time   he  drew  an   internal 


revenue  bill  which  more  than  trebled  the  revenue  of  the 
United  States,  at  the  period  when  our  credit  was  being 
established   by  the  rapid   payment  of  the  huge  war-debt. 

In  [873  Colonel  Tracy  resigned  his  position,  and  again 
entered  upon  the  general  practice  of  his  profession,  being 
engaged  in  many  notable  cases. 

In  December,  1881,  he  was  appointed  by  the  governor 
oi  New  York  an  associate  justice  of  the  State  Court  of 
Appeals,  the  appointment  being  to  fill  a  vacancy.  This 
he  held  for  two  years,  and  then  returned  to  the  practice 
of  the  law  with  Mr.  William  De  Witt,  and  his  son,  F. 
F".  Tracy,  their  office  being  established  in  Brooklyn. 
While  thus  engaged  in  business  he  was,  on  March  5, 
[889,  appointed  by  President  Harrison,  Secretary  of  the 
Navy,  ami  was  confirmed  on  the  same  day  by  the  Senate. 
I'he  Secretary  entered  very  zealously  upon  the  prosecu- 
tion of  the  plans  for  the  rehabilitation  and  increase  of 
the  naval  force, — an  object  which  meets  the  approval  <>l 
administration-,  of  widely  different  opinions  in  other 
matters. 

In  April,  1891,  he  reported  that  the  department  was 
then  engaged  in  the  construction  of  twenty-five  vessels, 
in  addition  to  eleven  completed  and  put  in  service  since 
the  spring  of  1889;  th.it  the  Washington  gun-foundry 
for  heavy  artillery  had  been  brought  to  high  perfection, 
and  that  a  reserve  naval  militia  was  in  process  of  forma- 
tion, fostered  by  the  department.  The  principle  of  Civil 
Service  Reform  has  been  applied  to  the  administration  of 
our  navy-yards  in  a  most  gratifying  way  during  his  ser- 
vice. 

Secretary  Tracy  is  a  companion  of  the  Loyal  Legion, 
and  a  member  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic. 


43^ 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NA  VY  (regular) 


REAR-ADMIRAL  STEPHEN  DECATUR  TRENCHARD, 
U.S.N,  (deceased). 
Rear-Admiral  Stephen  Decatur  Trenchakd  was 
descended  from  the  Trenchard  family  of  Dorset,  Eng- 
land. His  great-grandfather,  George  Trenchard,  was 
attorney-general  of  West  Jersey  under  the  Crown,  but 
he  drew  his  sword  in  favor  of  the  Colonies.  The  ad- 
miral's father.  Captain  Edward  Trenchard,  served  in  the 
war  with  Tripoli,  and  was  one  of  the  commanders  of 
Commodore  Chauncey's  flag-ship  "  Madison,"  in  the 
War  of  1812.  Admiral  Trenchard  was  born  in  Brook- 
lyn, New  York,  in  1818.  lie  received  his  appointment 
as  midshipman  on  October  23,  1 834,  having  previously 
made  a  cruise  as  acting  midshipman  under  Commodore 
Downes.  His  first  cruise  was  on  board  the  "  Consti- 
tution." In  1836  he  served  in  the  West  Indies  and 
Florida  War.  He  was  promoted  to  master  in  1S42,  and 
served  in  the  Coast  Survey  from  1845  to  1846.  While 
on  this  duty  he  was  aboard  the  brig  "  Washington"  when 
she  was  wrecked  off  the  coast  of  North  Carolina.  Dur- 
ing the  Mexican  War  he  was  lieutenant  on  board  the 
U.  S.  S.  "Saratoga."  In  1856,  while  in  command  of  the 
U.  S.  surveying-steamer  "  Vixen,"  he  rescued  the  crew 
1  >f  the  British  bark  "Adieu,"  of  Gloucester,  Massachu- 
setts, for  which  service  he  received  a  sword  from  Queen 
Victoria.  Admiral  Trenchard  was  flag-lieutenant  to 
Commodore  Tatnall,  in  the  East  India  Squadron,  in 
1858,  and  was  wounded  when  the  commodore  visited 
Sir  Admiral  Hope,  at  the  battle  of  the  Pei-ho  River. 
He  had  just  returned  from  China  when  the  war  was 
declared.  On  April  19,  1861,  he  sailed  under  sealed 
orders  from  the  Navy  Department  in  command  of  the 
"Keystone  State,"  destined  for  Norfolk,  where  she  ren- 


dered much  assistance  with  the  tug-boat  "  Yankee"  in 
towing  out  the  "Cumberland,"  and  taking  the  loyal 
officers  and  men  of  the  Norfolk  station  to  Washington. 
Lieutenant  Trenchard  received  a  letter  of  thanks  from 
Secretary  Welles  for  this  service.  On  May  25  following 
he  assumed  command  of  the  "  Rhode  Island,"  which 
was  first  used  as  a  special  despatch  and  supply  steamer, 
but  was  afterwards  converted  into  a  heavily-armed  cruiser, 
and  ordered  to  the  North  Atlantic  Squadron  on  Novem- 
ber 28,  1862.  While  taking  the  "  Monitor"  from  Fort 
Monroe  that  noble  vessel  foundered  off  Cape  Hatteras. 
The  "  Rhode  Island's"  boats,  notwithstanding  the  heavy 
sea,  succeeded  in  rescuing  nearly  all  the  "  Monitor's" 
crew.  On  February  12,  1863,  Commander  Trenchard 
received  orders  to  cruise  after  the  "  Alabama"  and  other 
privateers.  On  May  of  the  same  year  the  "  Rhode 
Island"  was  attached  to  Admiral  Walkc's  squadron,  and 
a  short  time  to  the  South  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron. 
In  November  following  she  was  ordered  to  the  North 
Atlantic  fleet,  and  became  one  of  Admiral  Porter's  squad- 
ron before  Fort  Fisher.  The  "  Rhode  Island"  was  one 
of  the  vessels  that  assisted  in  landing  General  Terry's 
siege-guns,  and  General  Abbott  sent  a  letter  of  thanks 
for  this  service  to  Commander  Trenchard  and  officers. 
In  the  engagement  at  Fort  Fisher  the  "  Rhode  Island's" 
guns  were  trained  on  Battery  Lamb,  and  shot  away  the 
flag-staff  of  the  mound.  After  the  reduction  of  Fort 
Fisher,  Commander  Trenchard  was  ordered,  as  senior 
officer,  to  command  the  convoy  fleet  which  protected  the 
Pacific  Mail  steamers  going  through  the  Southwest  Pass. 
The  "  Rhode  Island,"  as  a  cruiser,  captured  five  blockade- 
runners. 

After  the  war  Commander  Trenchard  was  on  duty  at 
the  Brooklyn  Navy- Yard.  As  captain  he  commanded 
the  flag-ship  "  Lancaster,"  of  the  South  Atlantic  Squad- 
ron, 1869-71.  Returning  to  the  United  States,  he  re- 
ceived his  promotion  to  the  grade  of  commodore,  and 
served  as  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Examiners  at  Wash- 
ington. His  next  duty  was  in  charge  of  the  Light-house 
Department,  head-quarters  at  Staten  Island.  In  1875  he 
was  promoted  to  rear-admiral,  and,  after  serving  as  chair- 
man of  a  special  board  at  San  Francisco,  he  was  ordered 
to  command  the  North  Atlantic  Squadron,  the  historic 
"  Hartford"  being  his  flag-ship.  After  serving  on  a 
special  board  at  Washington,  he  was  retired,  according 
to  the  I*.  S.  N.  regulations,  in  July,  1880,  having  seen 
twenty-eight  years'  sea-service  out  of  forty-five  years  in 
the  navy. 

Admiral  Trenchard  was  senior  vice-commander  of  the 
New  York  Commander}-,  Loyal  Legion,  1879-80.  He 
died  in  November,  1883. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


433 


COMMODORE  WILLIAM  TALBOT   TRUXTUN.  U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Commodore  William  Talbot  Truxtun  was  born  in 
Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  March  II,  1824;  appointed 
midshipman  from  Pennsylvania,  February  9,  1841  ;  at- 
tached to  brig  "  Dolphin"  and  sloop-of-war  "  Falmouth," 
Home  Squadron,  1841-44;  brig  "  Truxtun,"  west  coast 
of  Africa,  1844-45  I  Naval  School,  1846-47.  Passed  ex- 
amination August  10,  1847,  and  warranted  as  passed 
midshipman,  Flag-ship  "  Brandywine"  and  brig  "  Perry," 
Brazil  Station,  1847-4S  ;  returned  from  Brazil  as  an  act- 
ing master  on  the  prize-brig  "  Independence"  (slaver), 
captured  by  the  "  Perry,"  off  Rio  de  Janeiro,  January, 
1848;  navy-yard,  Norfolk,  and  steamer  "Alleghany," 
1848-49;  store-ship  "Supply,"  Pacific  Squadron,  1849- 
52;  special  service  in  the  "Dolphin,"  1853,  when  the 
bank  on  which  the  first  transatlantic  cable  is  laid  was 
discovered,  and  the  first  specimens  of  the  bottom  brought 
up;  special  duty,  1854,  on  the  Strain  Expedition  to  find 
a  route  for  a  ship-canal  across  the  Isthmus  of  Darien. 

The  complete  history  of  this  expedition  was  never 
given  to  the  world  by  any  of  those  who  experienced  all 
of  its  vicissitudes.  No  Arctic  Expedition  ever  went 
through  more  hardship  and  suffering  than  these  explor- 
ers of  a  tropical  wilderness.  The  survivors  always  had 
a  horror  of  speaking  of  the  incidents  of  their  journey. 
The  diary  is,  probably,  only  a  partial  record  of  star- 
vation, struggle,  and  death  to  many.  Truxtun's  iron 
constitution  caused  him  to  be  one  of  the  survivors  ;  but 
he  never  entirely  recovered  from  the  strain. 

Promoted  master  September  14,  1855  ;  promoted  lieu- 
tenant September  15,  1855;  Coast  Survey,  1855-57; 
ordnance-ship  "Plymouth,"  1857-58;  brig  "Perry," 
Brazil  Squadron,  1858-60;  sloop  "Dale,"   1861,  as  ex- 


ecutive ;  commanded  the  "  Dale,"  North  Atlantic  Block- 
ading Squadron,  1862.  Promoted  lieutenant-commander 
July  16,  1862  ;  remained  attached  to  the  North  Atlantic 
Blockading  Squadron  till  the  close  of  the  war,  during 
which  time  commanded  the  steamers  "  Alabama,"  "  Cho- 
cura,"  and  "  Tacony,"  and  took  part  in  the  capture  of 
Plymouth,  North  Carolina,  1S64,  the  two  attacks  and 
capture  of  Fort  Fisher,  North  Carolina,  1864-65,  and  in 
various  engagements  with  batteries  along  the  coast  of 
North  Carolina;  superintendent  of  coal  shipments  for  the 
navy  at  Philadelphia,  1866-67.  Promoted  commander 
July,  25,  1866;  commanded  "  Jamestown,"  Pacific  Squad- 
ron, 1868-70;  inspector  ordnance,  navy-yard,  Boston, 
1871-73.  Promoted  captain  September  25,  1873; 
commanding  "  Brooklyn"  (second-rate),  North  Atlantic 
Squadron,  1873-74,  and  flag-ship,  South  Atlantic  Squad- 
ron, 1874-75;  member  of  Board  of  Inspectors,  1876; 
navy-yards,  Boston  and  Norfolk,  1877-81.  Commodore, 
May  II,  1882.     Died,  February  25,  1887. 


55 


434 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


MAJOR  TULLIUS  C.  TUPPER,  U.S.A. 

Major  Tullius  C.  Tupper  (Sixth  Cavalry)  was  born 
in  Strongsville,  Ohio,  September  23,  1S3S.  He  is  the 
son  of  Charles  Tupper,  a  soldier  of  the  War  of  1S12; 
grandson  of  Samuel  Tupper,  a  militiaman  at  the  age  of 
sixteen  in  the  American  Revolution;  and  a  lineal  de- 
scendant of  Thomas  Tupper,  one  of  the  original  propri- 
etors in  1637  of  the  town  of  Sandwich,  Plymouth  Colony. 

I  [e  enlisted  in  the  Third  (now  Sixth)  Cavalry  in  July, 
[86] .  Upon  the  organization  of  Captain  D.  McM.  Gregg's 
company,  E,  he  was  made  first  sergeant.  At  White  House 
Landing,  Virgin ia,  he  was  appointed  sergeant-major,  which 
position  he  held  when  appointed  second  lieutenant,  in 
[862.  He  participated  in  all  the  battles  and  affairs  in 
which  his  regiment  was  engaged  until  January  I,  1865, 
when  he  was  ordered  on  recruiting  servii  e 

Major-General  Stoneman  "particularly"  invited  the 
attention  of  the  commanding  general  to  Lieutenant 
Tupper  "  for  driving  in  and  capturing  the  enemy's  pick- 
ets, and  a  staff-officer  of  General  Stuart,"  during  the  raid 
made  in  connection  with  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville. 
He  commanded  the  squadron  detailed  as  rear-guard  at 
Beverly  Ford,  and  which  suffered  greater  loss  than  any 
other  squadron  of  his  regiment  in  that  battle.  He  was 
adjutant  of  his  regiment  from  October,  1863,  to  Novem- 
ber, 1864,  when  relieved  at  his  own  request. 

In  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  Lieutenant  Tupper  was 
frequently  verbally  assigned  to  duties  as  acting  aide-de- 
camp. He  accompanied  various  commands  upon  different 
occasions  under  special  instructions  from  General  Sheridan 
or  his  chief  of  staff,  and  carried  the  general's  despatches 
from  the  battle-field  of  Cedar  Creek,  during  the  night  after 
the  c  li  ise  1  if  that  battle,  and  delivered  them  at  Martinsburg 
at  sunrise  the  next  morning.  After  the  war  he  was  bre- 
vetted  first  lieutenant,  captain,  and  major. 

Ilr  was  promoted  captain  of  Troop  G,  and  commanded 


that  troop  while  on  duty  as  personal  escort  to  Generals 
Hancock  and  Rousseau,  while  those  officers  commanded 
the  Fifth  Military  District. 

During  a  scout,  in  1870,  he  successfully  repulsed  a 
night  attack  by  hostile  Indians  upon  his  camp,  near  Little 
Wichita,  Texas.  In  1S74,  with  twenty  men,  he  overtook 
and  routed  a  band  of  Cheyenncs,  who  had  raided  the  set- 
tlement of  Medicine  Lodge,  Kansas,  recovered  the  stolen 
stock',  and  captured  that  of  the  Indians,  with  their  camp 
equipment. 

In  August,  1*74,  his  troop  made  the  final  charge  in 
an  engagement  between  the  forces  of  General  Miles  and 
confederated  bands  of  hostile  Indians,  relative  to  which 
General  Miles  used  the  following  language  to  the  War 
Department  in  recommending  a  brevet:  "For  distin- 
guished services  in  successfully  leading  a  cavalry  charge 
across  Red  River  and  up  the  steep  bluffs  held  by  hostile 
Indians." 

During  the  summer  of  1 876,  Captain  Tupper  was  placed 
in  charge  of  "  scouting  operations  in  Southeastern  Ari- 
zona." In  September,  with  his  troop,  other  detachments, 
and  Indian  scouts,  he  overtook  and  punished  Loco's  band 
of  Apaches,  led  by  chief  Victorio.  The  results  were  the 
killing  and  capture  of  a  portion  and  the  surrender  of  over 
three  hundred  at  Fort  Wingate,  whence  they  were  subse- 
quently returned  to  San  Carlos. 

In  1882,  Captain  Tupper,  in  command  of  two  troops 
and  forty-three  Indian  scouts,  by  forced  night  marches, 
overtook  a  large  band  of  Apaches  in  the  Sierra  Madre 
Mountains,  Mexico;  the  Indian  herd  was  captured,  from 
seventeen  to  twenty-five  warriors  killed,  and  a  large  num- 
ber wounded.  Concerning  this  affair  General  Sherman 
directed  the  following  telegram,  addressed  to  the  depart- 
ment commander:  "The  general  of  the  army  desires 
Captain  Tupper  to  be  congratulated  in  his  name  for  his 
success  in  an  engagement  with  the  Apaches,  April  28." 
In  subsequent  orders  the  following  appeared  :  "  The  de- 
partment commander  expresses  to  Captain  T.  C.  Tupper, 
Sixth  Cavalry,  and  the  officers  and  men  of  his  command, 
his  appreciation  of  their  untiring  energy  and  perseverance 
while  pursuing  the  renegade  Chiricahuas,  and  the  skill 
and  gallantry  displayed  by  them  in  action  on  the  28th  of 
April,  1882." 

During  the  Sioux  troubles  in  1890-91,  Major  Tupper, 
with  two  troops,  guided  by  the  firing,  marched  to  the 
relief  of  Troop  K,  which  had  been  attacked  on  the  march 
and  enveloped  by  a  superior  force.  After  the  campaign 
the  members  of  Troop  K,  Sixth  Cavalry,  presented  him 
an  elegant  service  sabre  inscribed:  "As  a  testimonial  ol 
their  appreciation  of  his  gallant  action  in  battle  with 
Sioux  Indians  on  White  River,  South  Dakota,  January 
1 ,   1  Kg  1." 

He  was  promoted  major,  Sixth  Cavalry,  October  ig, 
1SS7. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


435 


KHAR-ADMIRAL  THOMAS  TURNER.    U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Rear-Admiral  Thomas  Turner  was  a  native  of  Vir- 
ginia, and  appointed  a  midshipman  in  the  navy  from  that 
State,  April,  1825.  He  was  attached  to  the  frigate  "Con- 
stellation," and  to  the  sloop-of-war  "  Warren,"  of  the 
Mediterranean  Squadron,  for  several  years;  coming 
home  for  his  examination  and  being  promoted  to  passed 
midshipman,  in  June,  1831.  He  then  went  out  to  the 
Mediterranean  again,  serving  in  the  frigate  "  Constella- 
tion" and  the  line-of-battle-ship  "  Delaware"  until  1835. 
He  was  commissioned  as  lieutenant  December  22,  1 S  ^ 5 , 
and  made  a  cruise  to  the  East  Indies  and  China,  in  the 
"  Columbus,"  74.  Upon  his  return,  he  was  upon  shore 
duty  in  Philadelphia,  which  city  had  become  his  perma- 
nent residence.  He  served  in  the  sloop-of-war  "  Albany," 
of  the  Gulf  Squadron,  and  was  actively  engaged  in  the 
war  with  Mexico,  being  present  at  the  capture  of  Tuspan 
and  other  operations.  After  the  war  he  served  a  term 
of  duty  on  board  the  receiving-ship  at  Philadelphia. 

During  1851-53  he  was  executive-officer  of  the  frigate 
"Congress,"  the  flag-ship  of  Commodore  McKeever,  on 
the  Brazil  Station,  and,  upon  his  return  from  that  cruise, 
was  upon  ordnance  duty  for  several  years.  He  was 
commissioned  as  commander  in  September,  1855,  and 
commanded  the  sloop-of-war  "  Saratoga,"  of  the  Home 
Squadron,  during  1859-60. 

Commander  Turner  was  in  command  of  that  vessel 
in  the  engagement  with  the  "  Marquis  of  Havannah"  and 
the  "  General  Miramon,"  two  Spanish  steamers,   in  the 
harbor  of  Anton    Lezardo,  Mexico,  capturing  them  at  1 
midnight  of  March  6,  i860. 

He  received  his  commission  of  captain  July  16,  1862; 
and  was  commissioned  commodore,  December  13,  1863, 
while  in  command  of  the  U.  S.  iron-clad  frigate  "  New 
Ironsides."     In  this  very  fine  fighting-ship  he  took  part 


in  the  attack  upon  Forts  Sumter,  Moultrie,  and  Beaure- 
gard, in  Charleston  harbor,  April  7,  1863.  Rear-Admiral 
Dupont  was  on  board  the  "  New  Ironsides,"  and  com- 
mended Turner  for  the  judgment  and  ability  with  which 
he  handled  his  vessel. 

In  1864-65  Commodore  Tinner  was  employed  upon 
special  duty  in  New  York;  and  in  iS66-(>7  upon  special 
duty  in  Philadelphia.  He  was  afterwards  upon  ordnance 
duty  in  Philadelphia. 

He  was  commissioned  as  rear-admiral  in  May,  1868, 
and  commanded  the  South  Pacific  Station  during  1 8'"), 
1870,  and  1 87 1. 

After  being  for  several  years  on  the  retired  list,  he  died 
in  1883. 

Rear-Admiral  Turner  was  well  known  throughout  the 
service  of  his  day  for  his  elegant  deportment  and  his 
invariably  kind  and  courteous  manner;  while  he  was  an 
excellent  and  gallant  officer. 


436 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   XAYY  {regular) 


COLONEL  JOHN   J.   UPHAM.   U.S.A.  (retired). 

Colonel  John  J.  Upham  was  born  in  Delaware  July 
25,  1837,  and  graduated  from  the  Military  Academy  in 
the  Class  of  1859,  when  he  was  promoted  brevet  second 
lieutenant  of  the  Ninth  Infantry,  and  second  lieutenant 
of  the  Sixth  Infantry,  December  2,  1859.  He  was  again 
promoted  first  lieutenant,  May  4,  1861  ;  captain,  Sep- 
tember 9,  1861,  and  transferred  to  the  Sixtli  Cavalry 
December  31,  1870.  lie  was  promoted  major  of  the 
Fifth  Cavalry,  August  I,  1874;  lieutenant-colonel,  Third 
( !avalry,  October  29,  18S8  ;  and  colonel,  Eighth  Cavalry, 
January  14.  [892. 

On  the  expiration  of  his  graduating  leave  he  was  as- 
signed to  Governor's  Island,  where  he  had  station  until 
after  his  transfer  to  the  Sixth  Infantry  ;  he  then  proceeded 
to  California  and  served  at  Fort  Crook  and  Benicia  Bar- 
racks during  1860-61.  He  served  during  the  war  of  the 
Rebellion  in  the  defences  of  Washington  during  the 
winter  of  1861-62;  participated  in  the  Virginia  Penin- 
sula campaign,  and  was  engaged  in  the  siege  of  York- 
town  and  the  battle  of  Malvern  Hill,  and  served  in  the 
defences  of  Washington  during  the  summer  of  1862  ; 
participated  in  the  Pennsylvania  campaign,  and  was 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  Gettysburg  and  in  pursuit  of 
the  enemy  to  Warrenton.  He  was  stationed  in  New 
York  harbor  from  August,  1863,  to  January,  1864,  when 
med  to  duty  as  mustering  and  disbursing  officer,  and 
served  in  that  capacity  until  April,  1865,  and  had  stations 
at  Elmira,  Philadelphia,  and  Detroit.     He  was  brevetted 


major,  July  2,  1863,  for  "gallant  and  meritorious  services 
in  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania." 

After  the  war  had  terminated,  Colonel  Upham  was  on 
duty  in  Georgia  and  South  Carolina  until  June,  1866; 
on  leave  of  absence  and  visited  Europe  in  1866  ;  returned 
in  April,  1S67,  and  served  in  the  Carolinas  until  March, 
1869,  and  had  stations  at  Charleston,  Wilmington,  and 
Florence.  He  was  then  ordered  to  the  frontier,  and 
served  at  Fort  Gibson,  Indian  Territory  ;  Fort  Smith, 
Arkansas,  and  Crawfordsville  and  Girard,  Kansas,  until 
January  1,  1871,  when  he  was  transferred  to  the  Sixth 
Cavalry,  and  continued  to  serve  in  Kansas,  Texas,  and 
the  Indian  Territory,  where  he  had  field  service,  until 
August  13,  1S74.  He  was  at  Fort  Leavenworth  from 
January  U>  April,  1874,  as  a  member  of  a  board  of  officers 
convened  to  report  upon  changes,  if  any,  to  be  made  in 
horse-equipments,  and  continued  on  duty  in  the  Depart- 
ment of  the  Missouri  until  the  regiment  arrived  at  Fort 
Lyon,  Colorado,  and  the  companies  were  assigned  to 
stations.  September  7,  1875,  he  assumed  command  of 
Fort  Gibson,  Indian  Territory,  where  he  served  until 
June  6,  1876,  when  he  was  ordered  to  field  service  in  the 
Department  of  the  Platte ;  he  joined  the  head-quarters 
of  the  regiment  June  10,  and  served  in  the  District  of  the 
Black  Hills,  and  with  the  Big  Horn  and  Yellowstone 
Expedition  until  the  following  October,  and  was  engaged 
in  the  combat  at  War  Bonnet  (Indian  Creek  1,  Wyoming; 
the  skirmish  at  Slim  Buttes,  Dakota,  and  commanded  the 
rear  guard  (a  battalion  of  the  regiment)  in  the  second 
skirmish  at  Slim  Buttes  on  the  morning  of  the  10th  of 
September,  1876. 

He  was  assigned  at  the  end  of  the  campaign  to  Fort 
D.  A.  Russell,  Wyoming,  where  he  served  until  Novem- 
ber 24,  and  was  then  on  leave  of  absence  until  January 
24,  1877,  when  he  was  detailed  on  special  duty  in  the 
Indian  Department  for  the  purpose  of  investigating  the 
management  of  the  Union  Agency  in  the  Indian  Ter- 
ritory, being  thus  employed  until  June  26,  when  he 
resumed  his  leave  of  absence  and  again  visited  Europe. 
He  returned  in  June,  1878,  and  commanded  Fort  Was- 
hakie, in  Northwestern  Wyoming,  from  August,  [878, to 
April,  1880,  when  he  was  transferred  to  Fort  Niobrara, 
Nebraska,  where  he  exercised  the  command  until  June, 
1 88 1.  On  leave  of  absence  till  December,  1 881,  and  then 
assigned  to  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  School  of  Instruc- 
tion as  executive-officer. 

Heservedat  various  other  stations  till  1892,  when  he  was 
retired,  on  his  own  application,  after  thirty  years'  service. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIV  If.    WAR. 


437 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  AND  BREVET  MAJOR-GEN- 
ERAL  EMORY  UPTON,    U.S.A.   (deceased). 

Lieutenant-Colonel  and  Brevet  Major- General 
Emory  Upton  was  born  in  New  York,  and  graduated 
from  the  Military  Academy  on  May  6,  [861.  He  was 
promoted  second  lieutenant,  Fourth  Artillery,  the  same 
day,  and  first  lieutenant,  Fifth  Artillery,  May  14,  1861. 
He  served  in  drilling  volunteers  at  Washington,  D.  C, 
May  7-27,  1 861  ;  as  aide-de-camp  in  the  defences  of 
Washington  and  during  the  Manassas  campaign,  and 
was  engaged  in  the  action  at  Blackburn's  Ford,  Jiily 
18,  and  battle  of  Bull  Run,  Virginia,  July  21,  [861, 
where  he  was  wounded.  He  was  on  sick-leave,  on 
ai  1  "lint  of  wounds,  to  August  14,  1861,  and  then  served 
in  the  defences  of  Washington  to  March  22,  1862,  at 
which  time  he  participated  in  the  Virginia  Peninsula 
campaign  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  commanding 
a  battery,  and  was  engaged  in  the  siege  of  Yorktown, 
action  at  West  Point,  battle  of  Gaines'  Mill,  and  Glen- 
dale,  1S62.  Commanded  artillery  brigade  of  the  First 
Division  ol  Sixth  Corps  in  the  Maryland  campaign,  and 
engaged  in  the  battles  of  South  Mountain  and  Antietam. 

Lieutenant  Upton  was  commissioned  colonel  of  the 
1 2 1  st  N.  Y.  Inf.,  on  Oct.  23,  [862,  and  participated  in 
the  Rappahannock  campaign,  being  engaged  in  the 
battle  of  Fredericksburg  and  Salem  Heights.  He  par- 
tic  ipated  in  the  Pennsylvania  campaign,  and  was  en- 
gaged, after  a  forced  march  of  thirty-five  miles,  in  the 
battle  of  Gettysburg  and  the  pursuit  of  the  enemy  to 
Warrenton,  in  command  of  a  brigade;  was  in  the  Rap- 
idan  campaign,  commanding  a  brigade  of  the  Sixth 
Corps,  and  engaged  in  the  capture  of  the  rebel  works 
at  Rappahannock  Station,  Nov.  7,  1S63,  and  was  in  the 
operations  at  Mine  Run,  from  Nov.  26  to  Dec.  3,  1863; 
was  in  the  Richmond  campaign,  in  command  of  a  brigade 
of  the  Sixth  Corps,  and  engaged  in  the  battles  of  the 
Wilderness  and  Spottsylvania,  where  he  was  wounded 
on  May  10,  1864,  while  commanding  the  assaulting  col- 
umn of  twelve  regiments  of  the  Sixth  Corps. 

Colonel  Upton  was  commissioned  brigadier-general  "I 
volunteers  on  May  12,  1864,  and  was  engaged  in  the 
battles  and  actions  of  Cold  Harbor,  June  1-23,  [864, 
and  siege  of  and  battles  about  Petersburg  to  July  10, 
1864,  when  he  was  transferred  with  his  command  to 
Washington,  and  participated  in  the  defence  of  the 
national  capital,  July  II-12,  [864.  He  participated  in 
the  Shenandoah  campaign,  August  and  Sept.  1864,  and 
was  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Winchester,  Sept.  [9, 
where  he  was  wounded  while  commanding  the  First 
Division  of  the  Sixth  Corps,  which  compelled  him  to 
leave  the  field,  and  was  absent  sick  until  Dec.  13, 
1864.  He  commanded  the  Fourth  Cavalry  Division 
in  General  J.  II.  Wilson's  operations  in  Alabama  and 
Georgia,   from    March   to  May,  1865,  and   was   engaged 


in  the'  actions  at  Montevallo  and  Plantersville,  and  as 
saultand  capture  of  Columbus,  Georgia,  April  16,  [865. 
I  le  was  then  at  the  Nashville  Cavalry  Depot,  in  command 
of  the  First  Cavalry  Division,  District  of  blast  Tennessee, 
aiul  of  the  District  of  Colorado,  to  April  30,  i860,  when 
he  was  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service.  He  was 
brevetted  major-general  of  volunteers,  Oct.. 19,  1864,  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of  Win- 
chester. 1  le  was  also  brevetted  in  the  regular  army 
for  gallant  and  meritorious  services,  as  follows:  Major, 
November  8,  1863,  at  the  battle  of  Rappahannock 
Station;  lieutenant-colonel,  May  10,  1864,  at  the  battle 
of  Spottsylvania;  colonel,  Sept.  19,  1864,  at  the  battle  of 
Winchester;  brigadier-general,  March  13,  1865,  at  the 
battle  and  capture  of  Selma,  and  major-general,  March 
13,  1865,  in  the  field  dining  tin-  Rebellion. 

lie  was  promoted  captain,  Fifth  Artillery,  February 
22,  1865,  and  appointed  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Infantry,  July  28,  1866,  but  transferred  to  the  Eigh- 
teenth Infantry,  March  15,  [S69.  He  served,  after  tin 
war,  with  a  board  of  officers  at  West  Point,  New  York, 
in  examining  his  System  of  Infantry  Tactics,  from  June 
25,  1866,  to  February  4,  1807,  which  were  adopted  for 
the  army.  Sept.  1867,  assigned  to  the  command  of 
Paducah,  Kentucky,  until  November  12,  1867.  He  was 
then  in  garrison  at  Memphis,  Tennessee,  and  Atlanta, 
Georgia,  to  May  30,  1870,  when  he  was  assigned  to 
duty  at  the  Military  .Academy  as  commandant  of  cadets, 
which  position  he  retained  until  June  30,  1875.  Was 
assigned  to  the  First  Artillery,  December  15,  1876,  and 
transferred  to  the  Fourth  Artillery,  March  20,  1877.  He- 
was  on  professional  duty  in  Europe  and  Asia  from  July, 
[875,  to  March,  1877.  Was  at  Fort  Monroe  and  Pre- 
sidio of  San  Francisco,  California,  from  April,  1877,  to 
March,  1881,  when  he  died  at  the  last-named  post,  aged 
forty-two  years. 


438 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   XAVY  (regular) 


COLONEL  JAMES  J.  VAN  HORN,    U.S.A. 

Colonel  James  J.  Van  Horn  (Eighth  Infantry)  was 
born  at  Mount  Gilead,  Ohio,  February  6,  1835.  He  was 
graduated  at  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy  in  the  Class  of 
1858,  and  promoted  brevet  second  lieutenant,  First  In- 
fantry, the  same  day. 

He  served  in  garrison  at  Fort  Columbus,  New  York, 
[858-59;  and  was  promoted  second  lieutenant.  Eighth 
Infantry,  July  19,  1858.  He  was  then  on  frontier  duty  at 
Fort  Davis,  Texas,  in  1859-61  ;  and  also  at  San  Antonio, 
where  he  was  made  prisoner-of-war,  May  8,  1861,  and 
not  exchanged  until  April  4,  1S62.  He  was  promoted 
first  lieutenant,  Eighth  Infantry,  May  14,  1 861,  and  served 
during  the  Rebellion  of  the  seceding  States,  [861-66. 
He  was  promoted  captain,  Eighth  Infantry,  February  19, 
[862,  and  served  as  aide-de-camp  to  the  provost-marshal- 
general  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  from  June  6,  [862, 
to  July  4,  1863.     He  participated  in  the  Virginia  Penin- 


sula and  Maryland  campaigns,  and  was  engaged  at  the 
battle  of  South  Mountain,  September  14,  [862,  and  battle 
of  Antietam,  September  17,  1862. 

He  was  then  detailed  as  mustering  and  disbursing 
officer  at  Trenton,  New  Jersey,  from  July  4,  1863,  to 
April  27,  1864;  when  he  rejoined  the  Army  of  the  Poto- 
mac and  was  engaged  at  the  battle  of  Bethesda  Church, 
June  3,  [864.  He  was  an  aide-de-camp  to  Major-General 
W.  F.  Smith,  commanding  Eighteenth  Army  Corps, 
from  July  3,  [864,  to  November  4.  1865. 

He  was  brevetted  major,  June  4,  1864,  for  "  gallant  and 
meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of  Cold  Harbor." 

At  the  close  of  the  war  he  was  detailed  as  recorder  of 
Tactics  Board  (Upton's)  at  West  Point,  New  York,  from 
June  27,  [866,  to  February  4,  [867,  after  which  he  joined 
his  regiment  and  was  in  command  of  the  military  post 
of  New  Berne,  Second  Military  District,  at  New  Berne, 
North  Carolina,  comprising  the  counties  of  Hyde,  Beau- 
fort, Craven,  Carteret,  Onslow,  Pitt,  and  Jones,  from  Feb- 
ruary 16,  [867,  to  January  29,  [868. 

During-  the  reconstruction  of  the  Southern  States,  he 
served  at  various  posts  in  North  and  South  Carolina, 
from  1867  to  August  27,  [870.  Since  July,  [872,  he  has 
served  almost  continuously  on  the  frontier,  at  posts  in 
Arizona,  New  Mexico,  Montana,  and  Wyoming. 

He  was  with  the  Yellowstone  Expeditions  of  [S72-73; 
on  escort  duty  to  the  Northern  Pacific  Railroad  engineers 
in  their  surveys  of  the  present  route  of  that  railroad,  and 
was  promoted  major.  Thirteenth  Infantry,  June  7,  [879. 

Colonel  Van  Horn  received  the  thanks  and  commen- 
dation of  the  department  commander  for  his  conduct  "  in 
disarming  of  Mescalero  Apache  Indians,  at  their  agency 
in  New  Mexico,"  September  12,  1SS2. 

He  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel,  Twenty-fifth  In- 
fantry, June  28,  1885;  and  colonel  of  infantry  (Eighth), 
April  20,  [891,  taking  station  at  Fort  McKinney,  Wyo- 
ming, where  he  is  now  serving. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


439 


COLONF.L  AND  BREVET  MAJOR-GENERAL  STEWART 
VAN  VLIET.  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Colonel  and  Brevet  Major-General  Stewart  V  \\ 
Vliet  was  born  in  New  York  and  graduated  from  the 
Military  Academy  Jul_v  I,  1840,  when  he  was  promoted 
second  lieutenant  Third  Artillery.  He  first  served  at 
Fort  Columbus,  New  York,  and  participated  in  the 
Florida  War,  1840-41,  being  engaged  against  the  Semi- 
nole Indians  in  several  skirmishes.  He  was  detailed  at 
the  Military  Academy  as  assistant  professor  of  mathe- 
matics from  September  20  to  November  15,  1841,  when 
he  again  participated  in  the  Florida  War  of  1841-42. 
Afterwards  he  served  at  Fort  Pike,  Louisiana;  Fort 
Macon,  North  Carolina;  and  Savannah,  Georgia,  to 
1843,  when  he  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  November 
19,  1843.  He  then  was  on  duty  at  Fort  Moultrie,  South 
Carolina,  and  Savannah,  Georgia,  until  1841.,  when  the 
Mexican  War  occurred,  and  in  which  he  participated, 
being  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Monterey,  September  21- 
21,  1846,  and  siege  of  Vera  Cruz,  March  9-29,  1847. 
He  was  then  appointed  quartermaster  Third  Artillery, 
March  28,  and  served  in  that  capacity  until  June  4,  1847, 
when  he  was  appointed  captain,  staff-assistant  quarter- 
master, and  was  on  duty  with  Missouri  Mounted  Volun- 
teers, building  posts  on  the  Oregon  route,  from  1847-5  '  i 
Fort  Kearney,  Nebraska,  1847-49,  ant'  fort  Laramie, 
Dakota,  1849-51.  He  was  ordered  to  St.  Louis,  Mis- 
souri, and  stationed  there  to  1852,  and  then  transferred 
to  Fort  Brown,  Texas,  serving  at  that  post  and  Brazos 
Santiago,  Texas,  until  1855.  He  participated  in  the 
Sioux  Indian  expedition  from  April  3,  1855,  to  July  17, 
1856,  and  was  engaged  in  the  action  of  Blue  Water,  Sep- 
tember 3,  1855. 

Captain  Van  Vliet  was  detailed  on  special  service  in 
Utah,  in  1857,  and  was  on  duty  in  New  York  City  in 
1857-58,  from  which  point  he  was  transferred  to  Fort 
Leavenworth,  Kansas,  and  served  there  until  the  com- 
mencement of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion.  He  was  pro- 
moted major,  staff- quartermaster,  August  20,  1861,  for 
fourteen  years'  service  as  captain,  and  appointed  briga- 
dier-general of  volunteers  September  23,  1861,  and 
served  as  chief  quartermaster  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
from  August  20,  1861,  to  July  10,  1862,  participating  in 
the  Virginia  Peninsula  campaign.  He  was  then  ordered 
on  duty  at  New  York  City,  furnishing  supplies  and  trans- 


portation to  the  armies  in  the  field  until  March  31,  1867. 
He  was  brevetted  major-general  of  volunteers,  March 
13,  1865,  for  faithful  and  meritorious  services  during  the 
Rebellion,  and  received  the  following  brevets  in  the  reg- 
ular service:  lieutenant-colonel,  colonel,  and  brigadier- 
general,  October  28,  1864,  for  faithful  and  meritorious 
services  during  the  Rebellion.  He  was  re-commissioned 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers,  March  13,  1865,  and 
brevetted  major-general  U.  S.  Army  the  same  date,  for 
"faithful  and  distinguished  services  in  the  quartermaster's 
department  during  the  war." 

He  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel,  staff,  deputy 
quartermaster-general,  July  29,  1866,  and  mustered  out 
of  the  volunteer  service  September  1,  1866.  He  served 
as  depot  quartermaster  at  Baltimore  from  April  18, 
1867,  to  May  13,  1869;  was  in  charge  of  Schuylkill 
Arsenal,  Pennsylvania,  and  chief  quartermaster  of  the 
Division  of  the  Atlantic  to  June  1,  1872,  and  then  on 
leave  of  absence  to  October  28.  1S72. 

General  Van  Vliet  was  promoted  colonel,  staff-assistant 
quartermaster-general,  June  6,  1872,  and  was  chief  quar- 
termaster of  the  Division  of  the  Missouri  from  October 
28,  1872,  to  July  13,  1875,  and  of  the  Philadelphia  depot 
of  quartermaster's  stores  to  November  8,  1875.  He  was 
then  detailed  as  inspector  of  the  Quartermaster's  Depart- 
ment, with  head-quarters  at  Washington  City,  to  January 
22,  1881,  when  he  was  retired  from  active  service,  being- 
oxer  sixty-two  years  of  age. 


440 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN  S.  C.   VEDDF.R,    U.S.A.  (retired). 

Captain  S.  C.  Vedder  was  bom  in  New  York,  and 

appointed  from  New  York  as  first  lieutenant,  Sixteenth 
New  York  Volunteer  Infantry,  April,  1861.  He  served 
in  the  field  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  was  en- 
gaged at  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run,  Virginia.  He  com- 
manded company,  and  was  engaged  at  the  action  of 
West  Point,  Virginia,  battles  of  Mechanicsville,  Gaines' 
Mill,  Golden's  Farm,  and  Charles  City  Cross- Roads.  I  [e 
was  adjutant  of  his  regiment,  and  engaged  at  the  second 
battle  of  Bull  Run,  Virginia,  ami  was  honorably  dis- 
charged (resigned),  September  13,  1862,  on  account  of 
sickness. 

He  was  then  connected  with  the  Subsistence  De- 
partment, U.  S.  Army,  Department  of  Washington, 
D.  C,  part  of  1863-64.  He  commanded  a  company  of 
one  hundred  clerks  in  Subsistence  Department  at  Alex- 


andria, Virginia,  during  part  of  1863-64,  the  company 
doing  duty  in  the  defences  of  Washington,  D.  C,  and 
Alexandria,  Virginia. 

He  was  appointed  a  captain  and  commissary  of  sub- 
sistence, U.  S.  Volunteers,  Jul)-,  1864;  in  Department  of 
Washington,  D.  C,  to  June,  1865,  when  he  was  honor- 
ably mustered  out,  having  been  brevetted  major  for  meri- 
torious services.  He  was  appointed  second  lieutenant, 
Twenty-eighth  Infantry,  U.  S.  Army,  March  7,  1867,  and 
brevetted  first  lieutenant,  captain,  and  major  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  at  the  battles  of  Gaines'  Mills, 
Virginia  (commission  as  captain  and  major  not  issued). 
He  was  detailed  on  duty  as  acting  signal  officer,  under 
orders  of  chief  signal  officer  U.  S.  Army,  doing  duty  in 
Washington,  D.  C,  New  Mexico,  Arizona,  Washington 
Territory,  and  Idaho,  from  February  20,  1875,  to  Decem- 
ber 1,  1880,  when  he  was  promoted  first  lieutenant,  Nine- 
teenth Infantry,  March  18,  1878.  He  was  regimental 
quartermaster  from  February  24,  1882,  to  March  31, 
1S87,  and  relieved  as  regimental  quartermaster,  March 
31,  1887,  but  remained  on  duty  as  acting  assistant 
quartermaster,  and  in  charge  of  construction  of  public 
buildings  at  Fort  Clark,  Texas,  until  June  30,  1887,  after 
which  he  was  on  duty  as  assistant  commissary  of  sub- 
sistence, and  as  officer  in  charge  of  construction  of  pub- 
lic buildings  at  Fort  Clark,  Texas,  from  July  1,  18S7, 
to  August  1,  1888.  He  was  also  on  duty  as  officer  in 
charge  of  construction  of  public  buildings  at  San  An- 
tonio,Texas,  from  August  10,  18S8,  to  January  31,  1889, 
when  he  was  detailed  as  recruiting  officer  at  Washing- 
ton, D.  C,  from  February  7,  1889,  to  October  24,  1889, 
being  then  granted  leave  of  absence  (surgeon's  certifi- 
cate of  disability),  to  February  20,  1891,  at  which  time- 
he  was  retired  on  account  of  disability  in  line  of  duty, 
with  rank  as  captain. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


44i 


COMMANDER  JONATHAN  M.  WAINWRIGHT.  U.S.N. 
(deceased). 
Commander  Jonathan  Mavhew  Wainwright  was 
born  in  the  city  of  New  York  in  July,  1821,  and  was 
killed  in  battle  at  Galveston  Bay  on  January  1,  1863.  He 
was  a  son  of  the  well-known  prelate  of  the  same  name, 
so  long  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Bishop  of  New 
York. 

Commander  Wainwright  entered  the  navy  as  a  mid- 
shipman in  June,  1837,  and  performed  the  usual  sea-duty 
of  his  grade  until,  in  1842,  he  was  ordered  to  the  Naval 
School,  then  at  Philadelphia.     He  became  a  passed  mid- 
shipman in  1843,  in  1849  an  acting  master,  and  was  com- 
missioned as  lieutenant  in  September,  1850.     His  service 
in  the  "  Lexington,"  "  San  Jacinto,"  "  Saratoga,"  "  Dol- 
phin,"   and    other    vessels   did    not   differ    from    that  of 
most  junior  lieutenants.     Never  very  robust,  he  managed 
always  to  do  his  duty  well,  and  was  a  great  favorite  with 
his  messmates  and  shipmates  on  account  of  his  pleasant 
manners  and  officer- like  conduct.     The  outbreak  of  the 
Civil  War  found  him  engaged  in  special  duty  at  Washing- 
ton.    He  was  ordered  to  the  command  of  the  "  Harriet 
Lane,"  the  well-known  revenue-steamer  which  had  been 
transferred  to  the   navy.     She   became  the  flag-ship  of 
Commander  (afterwards  Admiral)  Porter,  of  the  Mortar 
Flotilla,  during   the   operations  against  the  forts  below 
New   Orleans,    and    the    capture    of  that   city    and    the 
mouths  of  the  Mississippi.     He  also,  in  the  same  vessel, 
took  part  in  the  first  operations  against  Vicksburg.     In 
October,  1862,  the"  Harriet  Lane"  took  part  in  the  cap- 
ture of  Galveston,  as  a  part  of  Commander  Renshaw's 
little  squadron.     Their  tenure  was  not  long,  for  on  New 
Year's  Day,   1863,  the   small   squadron,  some  of  which 
were  ashore  at  low  tide,  was  attacked  by  a  Confederate 
force,  which  soon  resumed  control  of  the  town  and  the 
bay.     General  Magruder  had,  for  the  water  attack,  fitted 
out  three  steamers  with  cotton-bale  defences,  and  placed 
on  board  as  many  riflemen  as  could  find  room  to  act. 
They  came  down  the  bay  at  four  a.m.,  and,  as  the  "  Harriet 
Lane"  was  the  highest  up,  she  was  first  attacked.    Boarded 
by  these  vessels,  swarming  with  sharp-shooters,  the  decks 
were  swept  by  a  shower  of  balls.    Wainwright  fell  almost 
immediately,  at    the  head   of  his    men,   endeavoring  to 
repel  boarders.     The  executive-officer,  Lea,  was  mortally  I 
wounded,  and  the  next  officer  severely  so.     Half  of  thi  ise  j 


on  deck  were  shot  down,  and  in  ten  minutes  the  vessel 
was  in  the  enemy's  possession.  A  curious  incident  of  the 
fight  was,  that  young  Lea's  father  was  an  officer  on  the 
Confederate  side,  and  found  his  son  in  a  dying  condition 
after  possession  was  taken. 

To  complete  the  tragedy,  Commander  Renshaw,  of  the 
"  Westfield,"  and  the  senior  officer  present,  was  summoned 
to  surrender  under  favorable  conditions,  which  he  might 
have  done,  as  his  vessel  was  unmanageable  from  the  state 
of  water  at  that  time.  This  he  refused,  sending  most  of 
his  crew  on  board  an  army  transport  which  was  afloat, 
and  remaining,  with  a  few  people,  to  destroy  the  "  West- 
field."  Unfortunately  the  flames  spread  so  fast  that  she 
blew  up  just  as  they  got  into  the  boat,  and  Renshaw,  his 
first  lieutenant,  Zimmerman,  Chief  Engineer  Green,  and 
about  a  dozen  men,  lost  their  lives. 

Commander  Wainwright  had  a  son,  also  named  Jona- 
than Mayhew,  who  was  appointed  a  midshipman  the  year 
his  father  was  killed,  and  who  graduated  from  the  Naval 
Academy  in  1867.  This  young  officer  also  lost  his  life 
by  rifle-shot  only  three  years  after  graduation.  He  had 
attained  the  rank  of  master,  and  was  attached  to  the 
Pacific  Squadron.  In  command  of  a  boat  expedition 
against  the  piratical  steamer  "  Forward,"  in  the  lagoon  at 
San  Bias,  he  was  shot  in  leading  the  boarders  at  her  cap- 
ture, and  died  the  next  day.  The  attack  was  successful, 
and  the  vessel  was  captured  and  burnt. 


56 


442 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  {regular) 


REAR-ADMIRAL    HENRY   WALKE,    U.S.N. 
(retired). 

Rear-Admiral  Henry  Walke's  services  have  been 
so  main'  and  so  various,  that  limited  space  will  compel 
the  passing  over  many  of  them.  Born  in  Virginia,  1808, 
he  was  appointed  midshipman  from  Ohio,  February  1, 
1827.  During  his  service  in  this  grade  he  passed 
through  a  frightful  hurricane  in  the  "  Natchez,"  and  in 
another  in  the  "Ontario,"  where,  with  the  vessel  almost 
on  her  beam-ends,  Midshipman  Walke  and  seven  or 
eight  men  struggled  aloft,  failed  the  main-topsail,  and, 
no  doubt,  saved  the  ship.  In  1833  he  was  promoted 
to  passed  midshipman,  continuing  to  serve  on  all  sta- 
tions. Present  at  the  surrender  of  Vera  Cruz,  Tabasco, 
Tuspan,  and  Alvarado.  After  other  foreign  service, 
promoted  commander,  September  14,  1855,  and  com- 
manded the  "  Supply"  on  the  coast  of  Africa  and  the 
West  Indies. 

When  the  Civil  War  broke  out  Walke  was  in  Florida, 
and  secured  Fort  Pickens  from  capture,  which  important 
service  had  far-reaching  results,  and  resulted  in  the  re- 
capture of  Pensacola,  Forts  Barrancas  and  McCrea,  and 
the  navy-yard.  Although  censured  by  the  Secretary 
of  the  Navy  for  neglect  of  orders  on  this  occasion,  he 
was  upheld  in  his  course  by  the  Board  of  Rear-Admirals, 
who  reported  that  his  course  had  a  marked  and  impor- 
tant bearing  on  the  success  of  our  arms. 

On  November  7,  1 861,  Walke  commanded  the  gun- 
boat "Taylor,"  of  the  Mississippi  Flotilla,  at  the  first 
battle  of  General  Grant  during  the  Civil  War,  protecting 
his  rear  at  Belmont,  and  preventing  the  Confederates 
from  cutting  off  a  portion  of  our  troops  on  their  retreat 
to  the  transports,  for  which  he  was  highly  commended 
in  the  general's  report.  lie  then  commanded  the 
"  Carondelet,"  partially  iron-clad,  of  thirteen  guns,  at  the 


battle  of  Fort  Henry,  under  Flag-Officer  Foote,  for  which 
he  and  his  officers  received  the  thanks  of  the  Secretary 
of  the  Navy  and  of  the  State  of  Ohio.  Commanded  the 
"  Carondelet"  at  three  days'  battle  of  Fort  Donelson, 
being  thrice  as  long  under  fire  as  any  other  gun-boat, 
and  losing  more,  in  officers  and  men,  than  all  the  rest  of 
the  flotilla.  In  the  "  Carondelet"  at  the  bombardment  of 
Island  No.  10,  and  voluntarily  ran  the  gauntlet  of  the 
enemy's  batteries  with  the  "  Carondelet"  alone,  a  re- 
markable feat,  and  the  first  time  it  had  been  attempted. 
It  ultimately  resulted  in  the  capture  of  the  island  and  its 
batteries,  and  the  achievement  broke  the  enemy's  line  of 
fortifications  which  blockaded  the  great  river,  producing 
far-reaching  results.  The  Secretary  wrote  in  glowing 
words  of  the  "  daring  and  heroic  act,  well  executed,  and 
deserving  special  recognition."  In  May,  [862,  at  the 
river  battle  at  Fort  Pillow,  Commander  Walke  again 
distinguished  himself  very  greatly  in  the  "  Carondelet." 
At  Memphis  his  vessel  was  second  in  line  of  battle,  at 
the  time  of  the  destruction  or  capture  of  the  rebel 
flotilla,  and  the  capture  of  Memphis,  with  the  navy-yard 
and  public  stores.  The  "Carondelet"  was  one  of  the 
gun-boats  engaged  with  the  formidable  and  famous  Con- 
federate ram  "  Arkansas." 

Walke  was  commissioned  a  captain  on  Jul}-  16,  1862, 
and  commanded  the  ram  "  Lafayette,"  when  Porter's 
flotilla  passed  the  batteries  at  Vicksburg,  April  16,  1863. 
At  Grand  Gulf,  a  fortnight  later,  the  "  Lafayette"  again 
bore  a  distinguished  part,  being  longer  under  severefire  for 
man_\-  consecutive  hours,  but  having  very  few  wounded 
herself,  although  as  frequently  struck  by  shot  and  shell 
as  the  rest.  "  It  is  worthy  of  record  that  his  officers  and 
crew  were  always  required 'to  remember  to  keep  holy 
the  Sabbath  day,'  "  according  to  our  naval  regulations. 
Captain  Walke's  next  service  was  in  dispersing  the  Con- 
federate camps  at  Simsport,  Louisiana,  and  in  blockading 
the  mouth  of  the  Red  River. 

On  Jul_\'  24,  1863,  after  a  long  ami  arduous  service  on 
the  Western  rivers,  he  was  ordered  Fast  to  command 
the  "  Fort  Jackson,"  but  was  soon  transferred  to  the 
steam  sloop-of-war  "Sacramento,"  which  he  commanded 
on  special  service  in  search  of  the  "  Alabama."  He  was 
close  upon  her  track  when  that  notorious  \csscl  was 
sunk  by  the  "  Kearsarge,"  off  Cherbourg. 

The  "  Sacramento"  blockaded  the  Confederate  steamer 
"Rappahannock"  at  Calais,  France,  until  the  end  of  the 
war,  and  "  intercepted  her  when  she  escaped  into  British 
waters  under  British  colors." 

Captain  Walke  was  commissioned  as  commodore  on 
July  25,  1866,  and,  after  commanding  the  naval  station 
at  Mound  City  for  eighteen  months,  was  promoted  to 
be  rear-admiral  June  13,  1870. 

He  retired  voluntarily,  under  the  provisions  of  the 
law,  in  April,  1  87  1 . 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


443 


COMMODORE    JOHN   GRIMES  WALKER,   U.S.N. 

Commodore  John  Grimes  Walker  was  born  in  New 
Hampshire,  on  March  20,  1835,  of  Scotch-Irish  parentage. 
One  of  his  ancestors  was  a  defender  of  Londonderry  at 
its  famous  siege,  and  his  great-grandfather  was  a  lieuten- 
ant in  the  Continental  army.  Having  upon  the  death 
of  his  mother  gone  to  Iowa,  to  his  uncle,  Governor 
Grimes,  he  was  appointed  a  midshipman  from  that  State 
in  October,  1850,  when  he  served,  for  a  long  cruise,  on 
board  the  "  Portsmouth,"  in  the  Pacific.  After  a  course 
at  the  Naval  Academy,  he  became  a  passed  midshipman 
in  1856,  and  served  in  the  "Falmouth"  and  the  "St. 
Lawrence,"  of  the  Brazil  Squadron.  Made  lieutenant 
in  1858.  Attached  to  the  steamer  "  Connecticut"  at  the 
breaking  out  of  the  Civil  War,  but  was  transferred  to 
the  gun-boat  "  Winona,"  in  which  vessel  he  took  part 
in  the  passage  of  Forts  Jackson-  and  St.  Philip,  and  the 
capture  of  New  Orleans;  and,  later,  in  the  operations 
before  Vicksburg.  Commissioned  lieutenant-commander 
in  Jul)-,  1862.  Commanded  the  iron-clad  steamer  "  Ban  >n 
de  Kalb,"  of  the  Mississippi  Squadron,  and  in  her  took 
part  in  the  operations  about  Vicksburg,  the  attacks  upon 
Haines's  Bluff,  and  the  capture  of  Arkansas  Post.  The 
"  De  Kalb"  formed  part  of  the  Yazoo  Pass  expedition 
in  the  endeavor  to  get  into  the  rear  of  the  defences  of 
Vicksburg.  Later,  the  "  De  Kalb"  reached  Haines's 
Bluff,  which  was  found  with  the  works  evacuated.  They 
were  occupied  and  destroyed.  Then  the  "  De  Kalb," 
with  three  gun-boats,  was  sent  to  dislodge  the  Confed- 
erates engaged  in  fortifying  Yazoo  City  as  a  depot  of 
military  supplies  for  the  Confederates.  General  Herron, 
with  five  thousand  troops,  co-operated  with  the  naval 
force.  By  a  combined  attack  the  enemy  was  driven  off, 
leaving  everything  (but  four  steamers,  which  were  de- 
stroyed) in  the  hands  of  the  Union  forces.  One  gun- 
boat was  captured  by  the  navy.  During  the  attack  the 
"  De  Kalb"  was  blown  up  by  a  torpedo.  Lieutenant- 
Commander  Walker  afterwards  commanded  the  naval 
battery  of  the  Fifteenth  Arm)-  Corps  at  the  siege  of 
Vicksburg. 

When  Admiral  Porter  was  transferred  to  the  Atlantic 
coast  betook  several  of  his  officers  with  him,  and  among 
them  Walker,  who  was  ordered  to  command  the  "  Saco," 
and  later  the  "  Shawmut."  In  the  latter  vessel  he  partici- 
pated in  the  capture  of  Wilmington,  North  Carolina. 

After  the  cessation  of  hostilities  he  was  ordered  to 
the  command  of  the  "  Shawmut,"  on  the  Brazil  Station. 
In  the  "Naval  Register"  for  January,  1866,  Lieutenant- 


Commander  Walker  Stood  X'>.  S4  «m  the  list  of  that 
grade.  In  August  of  that  year  he  appeared  on  the  list 
of  commanders  as  No.  89,  having  been  advanced,  by  the 
recommendation  of  the  Board  on  Promotion,  for  merito- 
rious services  during  the  Civil  War. 

In  1S66,  Commander  Walker  was  chief  of  staff  to 
Admiral  Porter  at  the  Naval  Academy,  and  served  there 
with  much  ability  up  to  1869.  He  was  then  selected  to 
command  the  frigate  "  Sabine,"  on  a  special  cruise  for  the 
instruction  of  the  graduated  midshipmen  from  the  Naval 
Academy.  In  1S71  he  became  light-house  inspector, 
and  in  1873  secretary  of  the  Light-House  Board,  which 
he  held  until  1878,  showing  great  administrative  ability. 
While  on  this  duty  he  was  commissioned  as  captain. 

During  a  leave  of  absence,  in  1879-81,  he  was  engaged 
in  duty  connected  with  the  Chicago,  Burlington,  and 
Quincy  Railroad,  which  gave  him  a  good  insight  into 
the  business  methods  of  railroad  corporations. 

In  March,  1 88 1,  he  was  ordered  to  the  command  of 
the  steam-frigate  "  Powhatan,"  and  in  October  of  the 
same  year  became  chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Navigation, 
which  position  he  held  until  the  fall  of  1889,  when  he 
resigned  to  command  the  "  Squadron  of  Evolution,"  with 
his  flae,  as  an  acting  rear-admiral,  on  board  the  "  Chi- 
cago."  He  was  promoted  to  the  grade  of  commodore 
February  12,  1889. 

To  the  energy  and  firmness  of  purpose  of  this  officer, 
and  to  his  enlightened  ideas,  are  due  much  of  the  im- 
provement which  has  taken  place  in  the  personnel  and 
materiel  of  the  navy. 


444 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN  G.  S.  LUTTRELL  WARD,  U.S.A.    (retired). 

Captain  G.  S.  Luttrell  Ward  was  born  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pennsylvania,  educated  for  the  bar,  and  admitted 
to  practice  January  17,  1863.  He  was  commissioned  as 
second  lieutenant.  Third  Pennsylvania  Cavalry,  May 
17,  1863,  and  served  with  his  regiment  in  the  First 
Brigade,  Second  Cavalry  Division,  Army  of  the  Potomac. 
in  the  battle  of  Brandy  Station,  Virginia,  June  9,  1863  ; 
as  acting  aide-de-camp  on  the  stall' of  Colonel  Taylor, 
in  action  of  Aldie,  June  21,  1863  ;  as  acting  aide-de-camp 
on  the  staff  of  General  J.  B.  Mcintosh,  in  the  battle  of 
Gettysburg,  July  2-3,  [863,  and  action  of  Shepherds- 
town,  July  16,  1863.  He  returned  to  duty  with  his 
regiment  and  with  it  in  the  action  of  Culpeper  Court- 
House,  September  13,  1863;  in  battles  of  Occoquan, 
(detached  with  regiment  in  General  Buford's  first  cavalry 
division),  October  15,  1863,  and  New  Hope  Church 
(Mine  Run),  November  27,  1863;  and  action  of  Parker's 
Store,  November  29,  1863.  In  February,  1864,  his  regi- 
ment was  assigned  to  duty  at  the  head-quarters  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  engaged  in  the  battles  of  the 
Wilderness,  Spottsylvania,  North  Anna,  Cold  Harbor, 
and  siege  of  Petersburg,  from  June  16,  1864. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  and  mustered  in 
October  3,  1864,  and  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Boydton 
Plank-Road,  October  7,  1864;  again  promoted  captain, 
mustered  in  October  31,  1S64,  and  engaged  in  battle  of 
Hatcher's  Run,  Virginia,  December  9,  1864,  when  he 
was  severely  wounded  ^nd  absent  on  one  month's  sick- 
leave,  at  the  expiration  of  which  was  on  court-martial 
duty  at  Harrisburg,  Pennsylvania,  until  after  Lee's  sur- 
render, when  he  joined  his  regiment  at  Burkesville  Junc- 
tion, Virginia,  and  served  there  and  at  Richmond  until 
his  regiment  was  consolidated  with  the  Fifth  Pennsyl- 
vania Cavalry,  June  7,  1865,  when  he  was  mustered  out. 

lie  was  appointed  second  lieutenant,  Thirteenth  U.  S. 


Infantry,  May  II,  1866,  and  ordered  to  Newport  Bar- 
racks, Kentucky,  from  which  post  he  conducted  a  de- 
tachment of  recruits  to  Nashville,  Tennessee,  and  was 
assigned  to  Company  H,  Third  Battalion,  Thirteenth 
Infantry,  September  13,  1866,  and  transferred  to  the 
Thirty-first  Infantry  September  21,  1866.  He  was  in 
command  of  a  battalion,  en  route  to  the  site  of  Fort 
Stevenson,  Dakota,  June  and  July,  1867,  where  he  was 
adjutant  and  acting  assistant  adjutant-general  of  the 
Middle  District  of  Dakota  to  August  7,  1867.  With  his 
company  he  participated  in  the  construction  of  Fort 
Stevens,  1867-68,  and  was  engaged  with  Sioux  Indians 
opposite  that  place  in  October,  1867. 

Captain  Ward  was  on  leave  of  absence  to  August  22, 
1868,  at  which  time  he  was  appointed  aide-de-camp  to 
Major-General  Hancock,  from  which  duty  he  was  re- 
lieved at  his  own  request,  to  be  present  with  his  regi- 
ment when  it  was  consolidated  with  the  Twenty-second 
Infantry.  He  therefore  rejoined  at  Fort  Stevens  in 
April,  1869,  and  served  there  until  May  27,  1S69,  when 
ordered  to  Fort  Sully,  Dakota,  where  he  served,  after 
two  months'  leave  of  absence,  until  June  12,  1870,  when 
lie  was  assigned  to  duty  at  the  head-quarters,  Department 
of  Dakota,  as  acting  ordnance  officer,  acting  chief  sig- 
nal officer,  and  acting  assistant  quartermaster,  to  Febru- 
ary 7,  1 87 1.  He  was  on  temporary  duty  at  Fort  Snell- 
ing,  Minnesota,  to  April,  1871,  and  then  rejoined  his 
company  at  Fort  Randall,  Dakota,  and  was  in  command 
of  a  detachment  at  ( )ld  Ponca  Agency,  Dakota,  protect- 
ing settlers  on  the  Niobrara  River,  to  June  28,  1871. 
He  was  at  Fort  Randall  to  September,  1871  ;  on  Yellow- 
stone Expedition,  commanded  by  Major  J.  N.  G.  Whist- 
ler, September  and  October,  1871,3s  escort  to  survey- 
ors of  the  Northern  Pacific  Railroad.  He  was  then  ap- 
pointed aide-de-camp  to  Major-General  Hancock,  No- 
vember 1,  1871,  and  served  in  that  capacity  to  October, 
1885,  in  the  meantime  having  been  promoted  first  lieu- 
tenant, July  1,  1872,  and  captain,  April  24,  1 883.  He- 
was  on  four  months' sick-leave  from  January  15,  1880, 
and  four  months  from  December  22,  18S0.  He  was  on 
duty  at  Fort  Lyon,  Col.,  from  Oct.  25,  1885,  to  Feb.  12, 
1886  ;  on  special  duty  at  New  York  City  to  May,  at  Fort 
Lyon  to  July,  and  on  sick-leave  to  August,  1887;  again 
on  sick-leave  from  October,  1887,  to  April,  1888;  then 
served  at  Fort  Crawford,  Col.,  Fort  Lyon,  Col.,  and 
Fort  Keogh,  Montana,  to  March  13,  18S9  ;  then  on  sick- 
leave  to  April  18,  1891,  when  he  was  retired  on  account 
of  disability  incident  to  the  service. 

Captain  Ward  was  brevetted  first  lieutenant  for  the 
battle  of  Hatcher's  Run,  and  captain  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  services  in  the  campaign  terminating  in 
Lee's  surrender,  for  which  no  commissions  were  issued 
in  consequence  of  an  Act  of  Congress,  March  I,  1869, 
abrogating  brevets. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


44; 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  AND  BREVET  MAJOR-GEN- 
ERAL GOUVERNEUR  K.  WARREN,  U.S.A. 
(deceased). 
Lieutenant-Colonel  and   Brevet   Major-General 
Gouverneur  K.   Warren  was  bom  in  New  York,  and 
graduated  from  the  Military  Academy  July  1,  1850.     He 
was  promoted  brevet   second   lieutenant  Topographical 
Engineers  the  same  day;   second  lieutenant  September  1, 

1854,  and  first  lieutenant  July  1,  1856.  He  served  on 
topographical  and  hydrographical  survey  of  the  delta  of 
the  Mississippi ;  on  board  for  the  improvement  of  the 
canal  around  the  falls  of  the  Ohio  ;  on  surveys  for  the 
improvement  of  Rock  Island  and  Des  Moines  rapids, 
Mississippi  River;  compiling  general  map  and  reports  of 
Pacific  Railroad  explorations  ;  on   Sioux   Expedition  of 

1855,  and  engaged  in  the  action  of  Blue  Water  ;  prepar- 
ing maps  of  Dakota  and  Nebraska,  and  at  the  Military 
Academy  as  assistant  anil  principal  assistant  professor  of 
mathematics,  to  April  27,  1861. 

He  was  appointed  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Fifth  New- 
York  Infantry  (Zouaves)  May  14,  1861,  and  colonel  of 
the  same  August  3 1, 1861.  He  served  in  the  Department 
ot  Virginia  from  May  to  July,  and  was  engaged  in  the 
action  at  Big  Bethel,  Virginia,  June  io,  1861.  He  was 
then  in  the  defences  of  Baltimore,  and  constructing  fort 
on  Federal  Hill  to  March,  1862,  being  temporarily  de- 
tached on  an  expedition  to  Northampton  and  Accomac 
Counties,  Virginia,  in  November  anil  December,  1861. 
He  then  participated  with  his  regiment  in  all  the  cam- 
paigns of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  until  May  1,  1865, 
and  was  engaged  in  the  siege  of  Yorktown,  skirmish 
on  Pamunkey  River,  capture  of  Hanover  Court-House, 
battle  of  Gaines'  Mill  (wounded),  Malvern  Hill,  and 
skirmish  at  Harrison's  Landing;  battle  of  second  Bull 
Run,  skirmish  near  Centreville,  battle  of  Antietam,  and 
skirmish  with  the  enemy's  rear-guard  on  the  Potomac. 

He  was  appointed  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  Sep- 
tember 26,  1862,  and  was  engaged  with  his  brigade  in  the 
march  to  Falmouth  anil  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg. 
On  the  4th  of  February,  1863,  he  was  chief  topographical 
engineer  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  was  engaged 
in  action  on  Orange  Pike,  storming  of  Marye  Heights, 
and  battle  of  Salem.  He  was  appointed  major-general 
of  volunteers  May  3,  1863,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battle 
of  Gettysburg  (wounded).  Then  he  was  employed  in 
the  construction  of  bridges  and  making  reconnoissances 
while  pursuing  the  enemy  from  that  place.  He  was  in 
temporal-)'  command  of  the  Second  Army  Corps  from 
August  12,  1863,  to  March  24,  1864,  and  participated  in 
the  movement  to  Culpeper  and  the  Rapidan,  and  engaged 
in  the  combat  at  Auburn  and  Bristoe  Station,  skirmish  at 
Bull  Run  and  Kelly's  Ford,  operations  of  Mine  Run,  and 
demonstration  upon  the  enemy  across  Morton's  Ford, 
until  February  6,  1S64,  when  he  was  placed  in  command 


of  the  Fifth  Army  Corps,  with  which  he  was  engaged  in 
the  battles  of  the  Wilderness,  Spottsylvania,  North  Anna, 
Tolopotomy  Creek,  Bethesda  Chinch,  Cold  Harbor, 
White  Oak  Swamp,  assaults  on  Petersburg,  siege  of 
Petersburg,  Mine  Explosion,  actions  for  the  occupation  of 
the  Weldon  Railroad,  combat  of  Peeble's  Farm,  Chapel 
House,  skirmish  near  Hatcher's  Run,  destruction  of 
Weldon  Railroad  to  Meherrin  River,  combat  near  Dab- 
ney's  Mill,  movement  to  White  ( )ak  Ridge,  and  battle  of 
l'i\  e  Porks,  Virginia,  April  I,  1865,  and  then  in  command 
of  the  defences  of  Petersburg  to  May  I,  1865. 

General  Warren  resigned  his  volunteer  commission 
May  27,  1865,  and  was  brevetted,  for  "  gallant  and  meri- 
torious services,"  lieutenant-colonel,  June  27,  1862,  at 
the  battle  of  Gaines'  Mill ;  colonel,  July  4,  1863,  at  the 
battle  of  Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania  ;  brigadier-general, 
March  13,  1865,  at  the  battle  of  Bristoe  Station;  and 
major-general,  March  13,  1865,  in  the  field  during  the 
Rebellion. 

General  Warren's  career  had  been  a  remarkable  one, 
and  he  rose  gradually  in  rank  and  trusted  position  until 
relieved  of  his  command  by  General  Sheridan,  just  after 
the  battle  of  Five  Forks,  regarding  which  General  Abbot, 
in  the  summary  of  his  case  as  established  by  testimony 
before  a  court  of  inquiry,  says  : 

"  This  charge  had  put  an  end  to  all  resistance.  Sur- 
rounded by  his  captures  and  flushed  with  victory,  Warren 
sent  back  a  staff  officer  to  report  to  General  Sheridan, 
and  asked  for  further  orders.  These  orders  came  in 
writing.  The)-  relieved  him  from  the  command  of  his 
corps,  and  ordered  him  to  report  to  General  Grant." 

General  Warren  was  promoted  lieutenant-colonel  of 
engineers,  March  4,  1S79,  and  served  from  the  time  the 
war  closed  until  his  death  upon  man)-  important  duties 
connected  with  the  Corps  of  Engineers.  He  died  August 
2,  18S2,  at  Newport,  Rhode  Island,  aged  fifty-two. 


44r> 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  {regular) 


CAPTAIN  J.   CRITTENDEN   WATSON.  U.S.N. 

Captain  J.  Crittenden  Watson  is  a  native  of  Ken- 
tuck)-,  and  bom  August  24,  1842.  He  was  appointed  a 
midshipman  from  that  State,  September  29,  1856,  being 
then  just  fourteen  years  old.  He  remained  at  the  Naval 
Academy  until  his  graduation,  in  i860.  In  those  days 
Kentuckians  were  much  divided  in  their  allegiance,  but 
young  Watson  remained  true  to  his  flag.  He  was  pro- 
moted to  the  grade  of  master  in  1861,  while  serving  in 
the  frigate  "  Sabine."  From  the  "  Sabine"  he  was  or- 
dered to  the  "  Hartford,"  Farragut's  flag-ship,  and  in  her 
he  served  for  over  two  years,  being  commissioned  as 
lieutenant  in  July,  1862,  when  not  twenty  years  of  age. 


lie  was  at  the  bombardment  and  passage  of  Forts 
Jackson  and  St.  Philip,  and  of  the  Chalmette  batteries; 
at  the  passage  of  the  Vicksburg  batteries,  June  and  July, 
1S62;  passage  of  Grand  Gulf,  March  19  and  30,  1863; 
passage  of  Port  Hudson.  Was  present  at  the  battle  of 
Mobile  Bay,  August  5,  1864,  and  was  wounded  by  a 
fragment  of  a  shell  from  a  rebel  battery  at  Warrington. 

During  the  years  1865-67  he  was  attached  to  the 
steam-frigate  "  Colorado,"  the  flag-ship  of  the  luiropean 
Squadron. 

Commissioned  as  lieutenant-commander  on  Jul)-  25, 
1866,  and  continued  to  serve  in  the  European  Squadron 
until  [869, — being  in  the  "Franklin,"  Farragut's  flag- 
ship, and  then  in  the  steam-sloop  "  Canandaigua." 

The  year  1870  he  passed  upon  special  duty  in  Phila- 
delphia. In  1  87  1  he  went  to  the  Asiatic  Station  in  the 
"Alaska,"  second  rate,  and  during  the  years  1872-73 
commanded  the  store-ship  "  Omaha,"  at  Yokohama. 

During  the  year  1874  he  was  on  ordnance  duty  at 
New  York. 

He  received  his  commission  as  commander  in  the  navy 
in  January,  1874,  and  was  stationed  at  the  Mare  Island 
Navy-Yard,  1875-77. 

In  1877  he  was  ordered  to  command  the  "  Wyoming," 
on  the  European  Station,  where  he  remained  three  years. 

Upon  his  return  he  was  appointed  light-house  inspec- 
tor, which  position  he  occupied  from  1880  to  1886. 

He  was  promoted  to  captain  in  March,  1887,  and  spent 
the  succeeding  three  years  upon  special  duty  in  San 
Francisco,  California.  His  last  duty  was  that  of  captain 
of  the  yard  at  Marc  Island. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


447 


MAJOR  WILLIAM   GEORGE  WEDEMEYER,   U.S.A. 
(retired). 

Major  William  George  Wedemeyer  was  born  in  Ilil- 
perdingen,  Kingdom  of  Hanover,  February  15,  1836. 
In  1850  his  parents  came  to  this  country,  and  settled 
near  Watertown,  Wisconsin.  He  studied  surveying  and 
engineering,  practising  that  profession  until  1861.  He 
studied  law  during  the  latter  year,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar.  I  le  took  an  active  part  in  the  Presidential  cam- 
paign of  i860.  In  June,  1861,  he,  with  others,  began  to 
raise  a  company.  He  had  no  experience  as  a  soldier,  but 
knew  a  little  drill,  and  had  some  notions  of  discipline. 
These,  however,  were  totally  at  variance  with  the  incli- 
nations of  his  associates.  Believing  that  an  organiza- 
tion of  men  ignorant  of  soldiers'  duties,  commanded  by 
persons  of  no  more  knowledge  of  them  than  the  privates, 
and  owing  or  expecting  their  rank  to  the  votes  of  their 
subordinates,  would  be  a  very  unsatisfactory  place  to 
serve,  he  abandoned  the  squad  he  had  raised,  leaving  it  to 
join  another  company.  In  the  mean  while  he  had  become 
acquainted  with  Lieutenant  P.  T.  Keyes,  Sixteenth  U.  S. 
Infantry,  then  on  recruiting  service  at  Watertown.  1  [e 
learned  much  from  him,  and,  although  not  encouraged 
to  do  so,  concluded  to  enter  the  regular  army,  and  en- 
listed in  that  regiment  on  November  16,  1861  ;  and  on 
December  1  was  sent  to  its  recruiting  depot  at  Columbus, 
Ohio.  He  was  at  once  appointed  a  sergeant,  and  ordered 
to  duty  as  acting  sergeant-major.  The  duties  were  oner- 
ous, particularly  to  one  ignorant  of  them,  and  with  little 
help  and  instruction. 

On  December  25  Major  Sidney  Coolidge,  command- 
ing Sixteenth  Infantry,  recommended  him  for  the  ap- 
pointment of  second  lieutenant.  It  was  a  great  surprise, 
as  he  had  so  high  an  opinion  of  the  necessary  quali- 
fications for  an  officer  of  the  regular  army. 

In  March,  1862,  Lieutenant  Dykeman,  the  regimental 
adjutant,  was  promoted;  he  organized  his  company,  H, 
First  Battalion,  and  took  Lieutenant  Wedemeyer  with 
him.  In  May,  [862,  the  company  went  to  the  field,  via 
the  Ohio  and  Tennessee  Rivers.  His  first  picket-duty 
was  on  the  Tennessee  River  bank,  the  steamer  tied  up 
for  the  night.  Quiet  it  was,  but  the  major  will  always 
remember  it.  He  joined  the  battalion  in  the  Fourth 
Brigade,  Second  Division,  just  before  the  evacuation  of 
Corinth.  Then  followed  the  march  to  Stevenson,  Ala- 
bama, the  retreat  to  Nashville,  where,  on  September  7, 
1862,  he  received  his  appointment  as  second  lieutenant 
in  the  Sixteenth  U.  S.  Infantry.  Then  came  the  tiresome 
march  to  Louisville,  the  advance  to  Perryville,  where  the 
regiment  arrived  after  the  battle,  it  having  in  the  mean 
time  a  lively  brush  with  Kirby  Smith's  forces  at  Dog- 
walk,  south  of  Lawrenceburg,  Kentucky.  After  many 
delays  and  countermarchings,  the  regiment  again  found 
itself  in  Nashville.    The  battle  of  Stone  River  followed.   At 


Murfreesbo rough,  in  April,  1863,  Lieutenant  Wedemeyer 
was  detailed  to  command  the  provost-guard  of  the  First 
Division, Fourteenth  Army  Corps.  He  remained  in  that 
charge  during  the  campaign  on  Tullahoma  and  Chatta- 
nooga, acting  as  topographical  engineer  on  the  latter,  in 
addition  to  his  regular  duties. 

At  the  battle  of  Chickamauga  he  had  charge  of  a  large 
number  of  prisoners,  which  he  had  considerable  difficulty 
in  getting  from  the  field  and  to  Chattanooga.  On  Octo- 
ber 1  he  was  assigned  to  duty  as  assistant  commissary 
of  musters  of  the  department.  After  the  fall  of  Atlanta 
he  was  sent  to  the  Cavalry  Division  of  Sherman's  army 
in  the  same  capacity.  He  left  Chattanooga  on  the  last 
train  going  south,  and  only  got  to  Ackworth,  when 
Hood  struck  the  road,  sending  him  back  to  Allatoona, 
where  he  witnessed  the  fight  for  the  hard-bread  stored 
there.  He  joined  General  Kilpatrick  and  made  with 
him  the  memorable  campaign  through  the  South.  The 
march  through  Georgia  was  pleasant,  with  sufficient 
excitement  in  the  fights  with  Wheeler's  cavalry  to  break 
the  monotony.  The  Carolina  campaign  was  less  so,  on 
account  of  the  weather.  When  General  Kilpatrick  was 
surprised  at  Monroe's  Cross-Roads,  North  Carolina, 
Lieutenant  Wedemeyer  was  with  one  of  the  brigades  thir- 
teen miles  in  the  rear,  stuck  in  the  mud.  After  mustering 
out  the  cavalry  on  the  close  of  the  war,  Lieutenant  Wede- 
meyer joined  his  regiment  at  Sackett's  Harbor,  New 
York;  there  he  was  promoted  captain,  and  proceed.  . I 
with  his  company  to  Nashville,  Tennessee,  in  January, 
1866.  Then  followed  the  years  of  reconstruction, 
wherein  he  participated  in  various  capacities.  The  crisis 
of  1876-77  found  him  in  New  Orleans.  Thereafter  he 
served  in  Kansas  and  Colorado ;  on  recruiting  service  at 
Columbus,  Ohio;  in  Texas  and  Utah,  where,  at  Fort 
Duchesne,  on  February  24,  1891,  he  was  retired  as  a 
major.     He  now  resides  at  Los  Angeles,  California. 


44§ 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND  XAVY  •  regular) 


CAPTAIN   CHARLES   WHEATON.  U.S.A.   (retired). 

Captain  Charles  Wheaton  was  bom  in  Rhode  Island 
May  31,  1S35.  He  entered  the  volunteer  service  early  in 
the  war  of  the  Rebellion  as  first  lieutenant,  Second  Mas- 
sachusetts Infantry,  May  25,  1861,  from  which  he  was 
hi  piii  irably  mustered  out  July  26,  1 862,  after  having  served 
in  the  field  in  Virginia  and  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  and 
engaged  in  the  actions  at  Newtown,  Bartonsville,  Kerns- 
town  Heights,  and  Winchester,  Virginia,  March  to  May, 
[862.  He  was  appointed  captain  and  commissary  of 
subsistence  of  volunteers,  July  17,  1862,  and  participated 
in  the  battles  of  Cedar  Mountain,  Rappahannock  Station, 
Smith  Mountain,  Antietam,  and  Chancellorsville.  He 
was  inspector  of  subsistence,  Department  of  the  South, 
from  August,  1863,  to  February,  1864;  then  chief  com- 
missary of  subsistence  in  the  field  in  Florida,  in  1864,  and 
was  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Olustee  and  action  of  King's 
Road.  I  Ie  was  then  transferred  to  the  Army  of  the  James, 
and  was  chief  commissary  in  the  field,  from  Jul}-,  I  864,  t<  1 
January,  1865,  being  present  at  the  attack  on  Fort  Dar- 
ling and  actions  of  Deep  Bottom,  Laurel  Hill,  Fort  Har- 
rison, New  Market  Heights,  siege  of  Petersburg  and  Rich- 
mond, operations  about  the  latter  and  occupation  of  the 
same  on  the  morning  of  April  3,  181 15. 

He  was  appointed  lieutenant-colonel  and  commissary 
of  subsistence  of  volunteers  June  9,  1865,  and  honorably 
mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service  May  31.  1866.  He 
was  brevetted  major  of  volunteers,  March  13,  1865,  for 
meritorious  services  in   his   department  during  the  war  ; 


and  lieutenant-colonel  and  colonel  of  volunteers,  Decem- 
ber 1,  1865,  for  faithful  and  meritorious  services  in  the 
subsistence  department ;  and  was  honorably  mentioned 
in  reports  on  the  battle  of  Antietam,  Maryland. 

Colonel  Wheaton  was  acting  chief  commissary  of  sub- 
sistence of  the  Twenty-fifth  Army  Corps  from  January  to 
June,  1865,  and  lieutenant-colonel  and  chief  commissary 
of  subsistence  of  the  same  corps  to  January,  1866. 

He  entered  the  regular  service,  as  captain  of  the 
Thirty-third  Infantry,  July  17,  1867,  and  joined  his  regi- 
ment in  Atlanta,  Georgia,  and  was  on  company  and  gar- 
rison duty  in  that  State  to  December,  1867,  when  he  was 
Provisional  Secretary  of  State  and  Comptroller-General 
of  the  State  of  Georgia  to  August,  1868.  under  the  re- 
construction laws.  He  was  stationed  at  Huntsville  and 
Jacksonville,  Alabama,  to  May  3,  1869.  and  at  Columbia, 
South  Carolina,  to  May,  1S69. 

He  then  became  unassigned,  and  served  on  reconstruc- 
tion duty  in  Virginia  and  recruiting  at  Boston,  Massachu- 
setts, to  February,  1 S7 1 .  Having  become  assigned  to  the 
Twenty-third  Infantry,  December  15,  1 870,  he  joined  it 
at  Fort  Colvi lie,  Washington,  May  21,  1871,  where  he 
served  to  June,  1872,  when  he  was  ordered  to  the  Depart- 
ment of  Arizona,  and  stationed  at  Camp  Hualpai  to  May, 
1873  ;  then  at  Yuma  to  Jul}-,  1874.  His  regiment  being 
transferred  to  the  Department  of  the  Platte,  he  was  at 
Omaha  Barracks  to  May,  1875  ;  at  camp  on  Pawnee  Res- 
er\  ation,  Nebraska,  to  August,  1875  ;  at  Omaha  Barracks 
to  May,  1876,  and  en  route  for  and  at  Fort  McPherson, 
Nebraska,  to  October,  1876.  He  then  participated  in 
a  winter  campaign  under  General  Crook,  against  Sioux 
Indians,  to  January,  [877,  returning  to  Omaha  Barracks, 
where  he  remained  to  February,  1S77,  when  ordered  to 
port  Leavenworth,  Kansas.  In  February,  [879,  he  was 
en  route  for  camp  on  the  North  Fork  of  the  Canadian 
River,  Indian  Territory,  and  in  camp  and  cantonment  at 
that  place  from  March,  1879,  to  September,  1 880.  He 
was  then  detailed  on  recruiting  service  at  Buffalo.  V 
York,  for  two  years,  to  October,  18S2,  rejoining  his  1 
ment  at  Fort  Bliss,  Texas. 

In  June,  1884,  his  regiment  was  transferred  to  the 
Lakes,  and  he  was  stationed  at  Fort  Wayne,  Michigan, 
to  February,  1S89,  being  present  at  the  International 
Encampment  at  Chicago,  Illinois,  in  October,  1S87.  He- 
was  in  camp  with  the  State  troops  of  Michigan,  at 
Mackinac  Island,  in  July,  [888. 

He  was  retired  from  active  service,  June  22.  1889,  for 
disability  contracted  in  line  of  duty. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


449 


MAJOR   AND   BREVET  LIEUTENANT-COLONEL 
LLOYD  WHEATON,   U.S.A. 

Major  and  Brevet  Lieutenant-Colonel  Lloyd 
Wheaton  (Twentieth  Infantry)  was  born  in  Michigan, 
Jul)'  15,  1838.  He  entered  the  volunteer  service  to  par- 
ticipate in  the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  as  first  sergeant  of 
Company  E,  Eighth  Illinois  Infantry,  April  jo,  1861, 
and  was  discharged,  July  24,  1861,  to  accept  the  appoint- 
ment of  first  lieutenant  of  the  same  regiment.  He  was 
promoted  captain  March  25,  1S62;  major,  August  2^. 
1863;  lieutenant-colonel,  December  2,  1864;  and  colonel 
(but  not  mustered),  March  8,  1866. 

He  served  in  the  field,  in  the  Western  armies,  as  aide- 
de-camp  and  engineer-officer  to  Brigadier-General  E.  A. 
Paine,  from  October,  1861,  to  February,  1862;  was  then 
with  his  regiment  and  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Shiloh, 
April  6,  1862,  where  he  was  wounded;  was  in  the  cam- 
paign of  Vicksburg,  and  participated  in  the  battles  of 
Raymond,  Jackson,  Champion  Hill,  and  the  siege  of 
Vicksburg,  being  acting  assistant  inspector-general  of 
Logan's  Division,  Seventeenth  Army  Corps,  from  April 
19,  1863.  He  was  acting  assistant  inspector-general  of 
the  Seventeenth  Corps  during  August,  1863,  and  aide- 
de-camp  to  Major-General  Logan,  November,  1863,  and 
senior  aide-de-camp  to  General  Logan,  while  in  command 
of  the  Fifteenth  Army  Corps,  from  December,  1863,  to 
April,  1864.  He  was  engaged  in  action  at  Jackson,  Mis- 
sissippi,  Jul\-,  1864,  and  participated  in  the  campaign 
against  Mobile  and  defences,  and  present  at  the  siege  of 
Spanish  Fort,  and  in  assault  on  Fort  Blakely,  Alabama, 
April  9,  1865.  Colonel  Wheaton  then  served  in  West- 
ern Louisiana  and  Eastern  Texas,  until  mustered  out  ol 
the  volunteer  service,  May  4,  1866. 

On  July  28,  1S66,  he  was  appointed  captain  of  the 
Thirty-fourth  U.  S.  Infantry,  and  was  brevetted  major 
and  lieutenant-colonel,  March  2,  1867,  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  services  in  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  and  in 
the  assault  on  Fort  Blakely,  Alabama.  He  also  received 
the  brevet  of  colonel  of  volunteers,  March  26,  [865,  for 
faithful  and  meritorious  services  during  the  campaign 
against  the  city  of  Mobile  and  its  defences. 

Colonel   Wheaton   served    at    Nashville  and   Chatta- 
nooga, Tennessee,  and   Grenada,  Mississippi,  from    No 
vember,  1866,  to  May,  1867;  on   reconstruction  duty  in 
Mississippi,  May,   1867,  to   October,   1867;  at   Corinth, 
Mississippi,  until  April,  1869;  at  Head- quarters,  Depart- 


ment of  Mississippi,  until  September,  1869;  at  Fort  Rip- 
ley, Minnesota,  October  and  November,  1869;  at  Fort 
Abercrombie,  Dakota,  November,  1869,  to  May,  1870; 
established  post  of  Fort  Pembina,  Dakota;  at  post,  1870- 
73;  suppressed  Fenian  raid  and  captured  raiders  on  the 
Province  of  Manitoba,  October,  1871  ;  in  Custer's  expe- 
dition to  the  Black  Hills,  July  and  August,  1874;  at 
Fort  Pembina,  Dakota,  until  September,  1876;  on  re- 
cruiting service  to  November,  1878;  at  San  Antonio, 
Texas,  to  April,  1879;  at  Fort  Brown,  Texas,  to  Novem- 
ber, 1  88 1  ;  at  Fort  Hays,  Kansas,  to  July,  18X3  ;  at  Fort 
Leavenworth,  Kansas,  instructor  infantry  tactics,  School 
of  Infantry  and  Cavalry,  until  May,  1885;  at  Fort  Assin- 
niboine,  Montana,  until  August,  1886;  at  Camp  Poplar 
River,  Montana,  from  1886  to  present  time.  [892. 

He  was  promoted  major  October  14,  1891,  and  as- 
signed to  the  Twentieth  Infantry. 

He  was  honorably  mentioned  in  the  "  Records  of  Re- 
bellion," in  report  on  battle  of  Shiloh,  vol.  x.,  part  i.,  p. 
127;  capture  of  Vicksburg,  vol.  xxiv.,  part  i.,  p.  649,  as 
far  as  published ;  for  services  in  suppressing  Fenian  raid 
and  capture  of  raiders  on  the  Province  of  Manitoba, 
October,  1871  ;  received  the  thanks,  officially,  of  Major-* 
General  W.  S.  Hancock,  commander  Department  of 
Dakota,  and  of  the  British  government,  conveyed  by  the 
British  Minister  at  Washington,  through  the  Secretary 
of  War,  also  thanks  of  the  lieutenant-governor  of 
Manitoba. 


57 


45o 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  regular) 


MAJOR  AND   BREVET  MAJOR-GENERAL  AMIEL 
WEEKS  WHIPPLE,  U.S.A.  (deceased). 

Major  and  Brevet  Major- General  Amiel  Weeks 
Whipple  was  born  in  Greenwich,  Massachusetts,  in  181S. 
Ilis  parents  were  of  English  origin,  his  father  being  a 
descendant  of  Matthew  Whipple,  who  received  a  grant  of 
land  in  Ipswich  in  1638,  and  his  mother,  Abigail  Pepper, 
a  descendant  of  an  equally  old  New  England  family.  lie 
studied  at  Amherst  College,  but  left  before  graduation  to 
enter  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy.  In  spite  of  ill  health, 
which  necessitated  absence  from  West  Point  during  parts 
of  the  scholastic  course,  he  graduated,  in  1841,  number 
five  in  a  class  of  fifty-two  members. 

lie  was  assigned  to  the  First  Artillery,  but  shortly  after 
joining  his  regiment  was  transferred  to  the  Topographical 
Engineers.  He  was  at  once  assigned  to  duty  in  connec- 
tion with  the  hydrographic  survey  of  the  Patapsco  River, 
and  from  that  date  until  1856  was  continuously  employed 
on  important  surveys. 

In  1S42  he  was  engaged  in  surveys  connected  with  the 
approaches  to  New  Orleans  and  of  Portsmouth  harbor. 
In  1S44  he  was  detailed  as  assistant  astronomer  upon  the 
Northeastern  Boundary  Survey,  and  the  following  year 
in  determining  the  northern  boundaries  of  New  York, 
Vermont,  and  New  Hampshire.  In  1849  he  was  ap- 
pointed assistant  astronomer  of  the  Mexican  Boundary 
Commission,  and,  until  the  spring  of  1853,  was  constantly 
in  the  field  on  this  arduous  duty.  At  all  times  in  com- 
mand of  independent  parties,  he  was  frequently  acting  as 
chief  astronomer  and  principal  surveyor,  and  in  that  latter 
capacity  signed  the  document  establishing  the  initial 
point  of  the  survey.  Ilis  journal  was  published  by  order 
of  Congress,  and  his  services  were  highly  commended  by 
all  of  his  superior  officers.  On  the  completion  of  this 
duty,  he  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  survey  for 
a  railroad  route  to  the  Pacific  near  the  thirty-fifth  parallel. 


His  party  left  Fort  Smith,  Arkansas,  Jul}-  13,  1853, 
consisting  of  a  number  of  scientific  assistants  and  an 
escort  of  troops.  The  Pacific  coast  was  reached  March 
25,  1854,  the  route  followed  between  Albuquerque  and 
Los  Angeles  being  very  near  that  adopted  by  the  Atlantic 
and  Pacific  Railroad. 

Like  all  such  expeditions  in  those  early  days,  the 
dangers  from  hostile  Indians  and  from  exposure  were 
very  great,  and  the  work  exceedingly  difficult ;  but  the 
results  obtained  were  highly  successful,  and  his  final 
report,  published  by  order  of  Congress,  was  almost 
literally  republished  in  Germany,  and  led  to  a  corre- 
spondence with  Baron  Von  Humboldt,  which  continued 
till  his  death. 

In  1856  he  was  appointed  engineer  for  the  Southern 
Light-House  District,  and  placed  in  charge  of  the  im- 
provements of  the  St.  Clair  Flats  and  St.  Mary's  River. 

At  the  commencement  of  the  Civil  War  he  at  once- 
applied  for  service  in  the  field,  and  was  assigned  as  chief 
topographical  engineer  on  the  staff  of  General  McDowell. 
In  this  capacity  he  was  the  author  of  the  first  maps  of 
that  part  of  Virginia,  and  their  preparation  necessitated 
most  hazardous  service  and  participation  in  many  of  the 
earlier  engagements  of  that  campaign.  He  was  present 
at  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run,  and  upon  the  second 
advance  of  the  army  was  attached  to  the  staff  of  General 
McClellan  as  chief  topographical  engineer.  In  May, 
1862,  he  was  appointed  brigadier-general  of  volunteers, 
recalled  from  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  assigned  to 
the  command  of  the  defences  of  Washington  south  of 
the  Potomac,  his  command  extending  from  Alexandria 
to  the  Chain  Bridge. 

In  October,  1862,  his  division  was  assigned  to  the 
Ninth  Corps,  and  took  part  in  the  movement  down  the 
eastern  base  of  the  Blue  Ridge,  upon  the  skirts  of  Lee's 
retreating  army. 

At  Waterloo  his  division  was  attached  to  the  Third 
Army  Corps,  and  he  led  it  at  the  battle  of  Fredericks- 
burg. At  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville  it  was,  with  the 
rest  of  the  Third  Corps,  much  exposed,  and  suffered  as 
severely  as  any  division  of  the  army. 

He  was  shot  on  Monday,  May  4,  1863,  when  the  battle 
was  practically  at  an  end.  He  was  carried  to  Washing- 
ton, where  he  died,  May  7,  without  the  knowledge  that 
he  had  been  appointed  major-general  of  volunteers  "  for 
gallantry  in  action." 

He  had  received  brevets  in  the  regular  army  of  lieu- 
tenant-colonel for  the  Manassas  campaign  ;  colonel  for 
Fredericksburg  ;  brigadier-general  for  Chancellorsville, 
and  major-general,  "  for  distinguished  services  during  the 
war." 

The  fort  in  Virginia  opposite  Washington,  and  the 
barracks  at  Prescott,  Arizona,  were  both  named  in  his 
honor. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


45' 


COLONEL  AND  BREVET   MAJOR-GENERAL  WILLIAM 
DENISON    WHIPPLE,   U.S.A.   (retired). 

Colonel  and  Brevet  Major-General  William 
Denison  Whipple  was  born  in  New  York,  and  gradu- 
ated July  1,  1 85  1,  when  he  was  promoted  brevet  second 
lieutenant,  Third  Infantry,  the  same  day,  and  second 
lieutenant,  Third  Infantry,  July  1,  1851. 

His  first  duty  was  at  Newport  Barracks,  Kentucky, 
and  in  the  spring  of  1852  was  ordered  to  conduct  a  de- 
tachment of  recruits  from  Bedloe's  Island,  New  York,  to 
Jefferson  Barracks,  Missouri,  where  the  detachment 
joined  a  larger  command,  which  proceeded  by  steamer 
to  Fort  Leavenworth,  and  thence  inarched  to  New- 
Mexico. 

Reaching  New  Mexico,  Lieutenant  Whipple  joined 
his  company  in  Camp  Vigilance,  at  Albuquerque,  assisted 
in  the  construction  of  Fort  Fillmore,  and  served  there 
until  1857;  participated  in  the  Gila  expedition,  was  en- 
gaged with  Apache  Indians  on  the  Gila  River,  New 
Mexico,  June  27,  1857;  at  Fort  Defiance,  New  Mexico, 
in  1858;  participated  in  the  Navajo  expedition  of  that 
year,  and  was  engaged  in  a  skirmish  near  Fort  Defiance, 
May  30,  1858.  He  was  engaged  in  the  defence  of  Fort 
Defiance,  when  it  was  attacked  by  Indians  just  before 
daybreak,  April  20,  i860;  was  transferred  to  Texas,  and 
served  at  San  Antonio,  Fort  Clark,  Fort  Duncan,  and  on 
quartermaster  duty  at  Indianola,  until  1861. 

Lieutenant  Whipple  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  De- 
cember 31,1856,  and  appointed  brevet  captain,  staff,  assist- 
ant adjutant-general,  May  1 1, 1 86 1.  He  served  as  assistant 
in  the  Adjutant-General's  Office,  at  Washington,  from 
Ma)r  to  Jul)',  1861  ;  and  as  assistant  adjutant-general  of 
Colonel  Hunter's  division  in  the  Manassas  campaign, 
being  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  Jul)-  21,  1861  ; 
then  in  the  Department  of  Pennsylvania  to  September 
16,  1861  ;  the  Department  of  Virginia  to  June  1,  1862; 
and  in  the  Middle  Department  and  Eighth  Army  Corps 
to  March  10,  1863. 

He  was  appointed  captain,  staff,  assistant  adjutant- 
general,  August  3,  1 86 1  ;  lieutenant-colonel,  staff,  addi- 
tional aide-de-camp,  February  10,  1862  ;  promoted  major, 
staff,  assistant  adjutant-general,  Jul)'  17,  1862;  and  ap- 
pointed brigadier- general  of  volunteers  July  17,  1863. 
He  was  in  command  of  the  post  of  Philadelphia,  Penn- 
sylvania, from  March  11  to  July,  1S63;  and  of  Second 
Division  of  Lehigh  District,  Pennsylvania,  from  July  31 
to  September  21,  1863. 

General  Whipple  was  then  transferred  to  the  West, 
and  served  as  assistant  adjutant-general  of  the  De- 
partment and  Arm)-  of  the  Cumberland,  and  as  chief 
of  staff,  from  November  12,  1863,  to  May  6,  1864, 
participating  in  the  operations  about  Chattanooga,  en- 
gaged in  the  battle  of  Missionary  Ridge,  demonstra- 
tion  on    Rocky-Face  Ridge,  Buzzard's    Roost,  battle  of 


Resaca,  action  at  Adairsville,  battles  and  skirmishes  near 
New  Hope  Church,  battles  and  skirmishes  of  Pine  Top 
and  Kenesaw  Mountain,  combat  of  Peach-Tree  Creek, 
siege  of  Atlanta,  assault  of  the  enemy's  intrenchments 
at  Jonesborough,  assault  at  Lovejoy's  Station,  and  occu- 
pation of  Atlanta,  September  8-27,  1864.  He  was 
on  duty  at  the  head-quarters  of  the  Department  of  the 
Cumberland,  from  October,  1864,  to  June,  1865,  being 
engaged  in  the  battle  of  Nashville,  and  pursuit  of  the 
rebel  arm)-  under  General  Hood,  to  December  31,  1864, 
and  as  assistant  adjutant- general  and  chief  of  staff  of 
the  Military  Division  of  the  Tennessee  to  August  16, 
1866. 

General  Whipple  was  brevetted  lieutenant-colonel, 
colonel,  and  brigadier-general,  March  13,  1865,  for  gal- 
lant and  meritorious  services  in  the  Atlanta  campaign, 
and  in  the  battles  before  Nashville,  Tennessee  ;  and  bre- 
vet major-general,  U.  S.  Arm)-,  the  same  date,  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  in  the  field  during  the  Re- 
bellion. He  was  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service 
Jan  uar)-   15,  1866. 

He  then  served  as  assistant  adjutant-general  of  the 
Department  of  Tennessee  to  March  16,  1867;  of  the 
Department  of  the  Cumberland  to  May  8,  1869;  and  of 
the  Division  of  the  Pacific  to  June  15,  1870;  as  assist- 
ant in  the  Adjutant-General's  Office  to  January  1,  1873, 
when  he  was  appointed  colonel,  staff,  aide-de-camp  to 
the  general-in-chief.  He  served  as  such  in  Washing- 
ton and  St.  Louis  to  May  1,  1S78.  lie  was  promoted 
lieutenant-colonel,  staff,  assistant  adjutant-general,  March 
3,  1875,  and  served  as  assistant  adjutant-general  of  the 
Division  of  the  Missouri,  the  Division  of  the  Atlantic, 
and  Department  of  the  East,  from  May  1,  1878,  to  Au- 
gust 2,  1890;  was  promoted  colonel,  staff,  assistant  adju- 
tant-general, February  2S,  1887,  when  he  was  retired 
from  active  service  by  operation  of  law. 


452 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NA  VY  {regular) 


MEDICAL  INSPECTOR   CHARLES  HENRY  WHITE, 

U.S.N. 

Medical  Inspector  Charles  Henry  White  was  born 
November  19,  1838,  in  the  town  of  Sandwich,  New  Hamp- 
shire. His  father  was  Dr.  Charles  White,  and  his  mother 
the  daughter  of  Ezekiel  French,  one  of  the  early  settlers  of 
Sandwich.  He  studied  civil  engineering  for  a  year,  and 
was  in  the  office  of  J.  B.  Henck,  of  Boston,  Massachusetts, 
but  gave  up  this  course,  and  applied  himself  to  medicine 
in  the  office  of  Dr.  D.  T.  Huckins,  of  Watertown,  Massa- 
chusetts, and  graduated  from  Harvard  Medical  School  in 
March,  i860.  He  entered  the  naval  service  as  assistant 
surgeon  in  December,  1861,  and  was  ordered  for  his 
first  duty  to  the  Chelsea  Naval  Hospital,  then  under 
the  charge  of  Surgeon  John  L.  Fox.  His  first  sea-duty 
was  in  the  U.  S.  S.  "  Huron,"  on  the  blockade  off  Charles- 
ton, South  Carolina,  and  in  the  sounds  and  rivers  of  the 
coasts  of  South  Carolina  and  Georgia. 

From  the  "  Huron"  he  was  transferred  to  the  monitor 
"  Lehigh,"  and  engaged  in  the  close  blockade  of  Charles- 
ton. Returning  North  in  1864,11c  was  sent  to  the  navy- 
yard  at  Portsmouth.  New  Hampshire,  as  assistant  to 
Surgeon  Dulancy,  during  the  prevalence  of  yellow  fever 
at  that  place.      Thence  he   was  ordered    to    the   Naval 


Academy  ['at  Newport,  Rhode  Island,  and  put  on  de- 
tached duty  at  the  recruiting  rendezvous  in  Brooklyn, 
New  York. 

In  the  fall  of  1864  he  joined  the  U.  S.  iron-clad 
"  Roanoke,"  at  Point  Lookout,  Maryland,  and  remained 
on  this  vessel  to  the  close  of  the  war,  when  he  was 
promoted  to  passed  assistant  surgeon,  and  attached  to 
the  navy-yard,  New  York.  In  the  spring  of  1866  he 
was  ordered  to  the  U.  S.  S.  "Ashuelot,"  and  made  a 
cruise  on  the  Asiatic  Station.  Returning  to  the  United 
States  in  1869,  he  was  first  sent  to  the  Boston  Navy- 
Yard,  and  then  to  the  Naval  Laboratory,  Brooklyn,  as 
assistant  to  Medical  Director  Benjamin  F.  Bache.  In 
1872  he  returned  to  the  Asiatic  Station,  and  joined  the 
U.  S.  S.  "  Benicia,"  but  was  shortly  afterwards  transferred 
to  the  U.  S.  S.  "  Idaho,"  and  when  that  vessel  was  sold 
he  went  to  the  U.  S.  S.  "  Monocacy"  to  complete  his 
cruise.  On  his  return  to  the  United  States,  he  was 
again  on  duty  at  the  Naval  Laboratory,  Brooklyn,  and 
afterwards  at  the  Naval  Hospital,  Mare  Island,  where 
he  joined  the  U.  S.  S.  "  Lackawanna,"  and  spent  three 
years  on  the  coast  of  South  America  and  cruising  among 
the  South  Sea  Islands. 

In  [883  he  was  ordered  to  the  Museum  of  Hygiene 
at  Washington,  and  in  1888  was  sent  to  join  the  U.  S.  S. 
"  Trenton,"  at  Callao,  Peru.  He  remained  on  the 
"  Trenton,"  as  fleet-surgeon  of  the  Pacific  Station,  till  that 
vessel  was  wrecked  at  Samoa.  He  continued  on  duty 
at  Samoa  till  the  officers  and  crew  were  sent  back  to 
the  United  States,  when  he  went  to  join  the  I*.  S.  S. 
"  Pensacola,"  at  Norfolk,  Virginia,  and  in  that  vessel 
went  to  the  coast  of  Africa  with  the  expedition  for  the 
observation  of  the  eclipse  of  December,  1889. 

On  the  return  of  the  "Pensacola,"  he  was  detached 
and  sent  to  join  the  U.  S.  S.  "  San  Francisco,"  at  Mare 
Island,  California,  and  in  that  vessel  sailed  for  the  coast 
of  Chili,  where  he  was  transferred  to  the  U.  S.  S.  "  Balti- 
more," and  shortly  after  to  the  U.  S.  S.  "  Pensacola." 
The  "  Pensacola"  soon  after  went  to  Honolulu,  where  he 
was  detached  ami  ordered  to  the  "  Charleston,"  and  re- 
turned in  that  vessel  to  Mare  Island,  at  which  place  he 
was  detached  on  the  completion  of  his  sea-duty.  He  is 
now  awaiting  orders. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


453 


CAPTAIN  JOHN  CHESTER  WHITE,  U.S.A.  (retired). 
Captain  John  Chester  White  was  born  in  New- 
York  City,  March  8,  1841.  He  is  the  grandson  of  Dr. 
Samuel  White,  an  eminent  physician  of  Hudson,  New 
York.  After  the  death  of  his  father,  at  a  very  early  age, 
he  became  the  ward  of  his  uncle,  Arthur  G.  Coffin, 
President  Insurance  Company  of  North  America,  Phila- 
delphia, into  whose  office  he  entered  after  leaving  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania,  but  which  he  left  to  respond 
to  the  President's  call  for  troops,  enlisting,  April  18, 
1 86 1,  in  the  Washington  Grays,  Company  A,  Seven- 
teenth Pennsylvania  Volunteers  (First  Pennsylvania  Ar- 
tillery), and  serving  in  the  field  with  the  regiment  until 
mustered  out,  Aug.  2,  1861.  He  returned  to  the  insur- 
ance company  until  President's  call  for  troops,  prior  to 
Antietam,  when  he  enrolled  again  with  the  Washington 
Grays,  forming  part  of  Twenty-first  Regiment,  Pennsyl- 
vania Militia  (see  Bates,  vol.  v.,  p.  1195),  serving  with 
same  at  Camp  Curtin  (Harrisburg)  and  Camp  McClure 
(Chambersburg),  as  sergeant,  until  discharged,  Septem- 
ber 30,  1862  (service  not  recognized  in  War  Depart- 
ment records). 

After  recruiting  some  time  as  captain  from  One  Hun- 
dred and  Eightieth  Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  Eighteenth 
Cavalry,  he  was  mustered  in  as  regimental  adjutant, 
and  extra  first  lieutenant,  November  10,  1862,  and  per- 
formed all  the  duties  as  such,  until  formal  muster  out, 
February  26,  1863,  on  consolidation,  the  War  Depart- 
ment since  refusing  to  recognize  in  its  records  said  ser- 
vice on  muster-rolls. 

Unwilling  to  lose  a  war  record  by  accepting  a  cadet- 
ship  at  West  Point,  he  enlisted  to  get  his  commission, 
May  8,  1863,  in  Eleventh  U.  S.  Infantry.  He  served  in 
the  field  with  Company  B,  First  Battalion,  as  private, 
corporal,  and  sergeant;  receiving  commission,  May  18, 
1864,  as  second  lieutenant,  Tenth  U.  S.  Infantry,  upon  ex- 
amination by  board  at  Washington,  his  discharge  read- 
ing, "  His  own  conduct  has  made  him  an  officer  in  the 
army."  He  served  with  his  regiment  in  the  Ninth  and 
Fifth  Corps  until  August  19,  when  he  was  captured  by 
the  enemy  while  in  temporary  command  of  the  Four- 
teenth U.  S.  Infantry,  to  which  he  had  been  attached. 
He  was  confined  at  Petersburg  and  Libby  Prison,  Rich- 
mond, Virginia,  and  exchanged,  December,  1864,  when 
he  rejoined  his  regiment  at  Fort  Porter,  New  York,  and 
returned  to  the  field  with  it  for  the  last  campaign  against 
Lee. 

Captain  White  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  the 
Wilderness,  Laurel  Hill,  Spottsylvania,  North  Anna,  and 
Bethesda  Church,  Virginia:  in  the  assault  on  and 
of  Petersburg,  and  capture  of  the  Weldon  Railroad, 
Virginia.  He  was  brevetted  first  lieutenant,  June  18, 
1864,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  front  ot 
Petersburg,  Virginia,  and  captain   for  gallant  and  meri- 


torious services   in  the  battle  on  the  Weldon  Railroad, 
Virginia. 

He  was  promoted  to  first  lieutenancy,  September  13, 
18(14,  and  served  with  his  regiment  in  Washington  ;  at 
Fort  Ridgely,  Minnesota,  as  post  quartermaster  and 
commissary  ;  at  Fort  Ransom,  Dakota  Territory,  and 
Fort  Snelling,  Minnesota,  in  same  capacities,  in  addition 
to  other  duties.  He  was  acting  regimental  quarter- 
master, Tenth  Infantry,  and  chief  quartermaster  and 
commissary  of  subsistence,  District  of  Minnesota,  to 
March  15,  1869;  awaiting  orders  by  reason  of  sickness 
in  service,  May  19,  1869,  until  May,  1870,  when  detailed 
on  recruiting  service  for  cavalry  at  Cincinnati,  Columbus, 
and  Toledo,  Ohio.  He  was  then  assigned  to  the  First 
U.  S.  Artillery,  January  1,  1871,  and  served  with  his 
regiment  continuously ;  at  Fortress  Monroe,  graduate 
Artillery  School ;  at  Fort  Ontario;  Fort  Hamilton,  Light 
Battery ;  Charleston,  South  Carolina ;  Savannah,  acting 
assistant  quartermaster  and  assistant  commissary  of  sub- 
sistence, and  post  adjutant  and  temporary  commandant 
Oglethorpe  Barracks,  Plattsburg  Barracks,  in  field  at 
Columbia,  South  Carolina,  Edgefield  Court-House,  ami 
Tallahassee,  as  quartermaster  and  commissary  for  all  the 
troops  there  employed  in  political  troubles  of  1876-77; 
in  command,  Plattsburg  Barracks,  February  to  April, 
1877;  post  adjutant,  Fort  Independence;  in  field  with 
battery  during  labor  riots,  1877,  at  Philadelphia,  Pitts- 
bur-,  and  Reading,  Pennsylvania;  in  command,  Fort 
Wood,  New  York  harbor,  from  July,  1878,  to  July,  1879; 
captain,  July  18,  1S79.  In  temporary  command,  Fort 
Warren,  serving  with  his  battery  (I)  there  until  Novem- 
ber, 18S1.  In  command,  post  and  battery  at  Fort  Canby, 
Washington  Territory ;  Fort  Stevens,  Oregon,  Decem- 
ber, 1881,  to  April,  1883.  Retired  by  reason  of  disa- 
bilities received  in  service,  September  20,  1883. 

Captain   White  now   resides  at   25  Lambert  Avenue, 
Boston  Highlands,  Massachusetts. 


454 


OFFICERS   OF  TFIE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


PAYMASTER   E.    N.    WH1TEH0USE,    U.S.N. 

Paymaster    Edward    Norman  Whitehouse    is   the 

second  son  of  the  late  Right  Reverend  H.  J.  White- 
house,  Bishop  of  Illinois.  He  was  born  in  New  York, 
December  12,  1840;  his  family  being  a  well-known  one 
both  in  New  York  and  Chicago,  and  connected  with 
literary  and  educational  public  movements  in  both  cities. 

Paymaster  Whitehouse  graduated  from  Columbia  Col- 
lege, in  New  York,  in  i860. 

With  a  strong  liking  for  the  sea,  the  Civil  War,  which 
occurred  while  he  was  still  in  doubt  as  to  the  choice  of 
a  profession,  led  him  to  seek  an  appointment  as  acting 
assistant  paymaster,  July,  1862. 

He  served  in  the  "  Tyler,"  one  of  the  first  of  the  cele- 
brated Mississippi  gun-boats,  and  afterwards  in  the  "  Tus- 
cumbia"  and  "Choctaw,"  iron-clads  of  the  same  squad- 
ron. He  was  present  at  the  first  operations  before 
Vicksburg,  and   the   passage  of  the   batteries   there,  in 

1862.  In  the  "Choctaw"  he  participated  in  much  hard 
fighting  ami  endless  activity  of  movement.  He  partici- 
pated in  the  two  attacks  upon  Haines's  Bluff,  in  the 
Yazoo,  and  was  present  at  the  capture  and  destruction 
of  the  navy-yard  and  vessels  at  Yazoo  City  ;  the  engage- 
ments at  Liverpool  landing,  and  at  Milliken's  Bend. 
Serving  at  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  May,  June,  and  July, 

1863,  he  was,  after  the  surrender  of  that  stronghold,  in 
the  expeditions  up  the  Black  and  Ouachita  Rivers ;  the 
Red  River  expedition ;  the  severe  engagement  with 
guerillas  at  Fort  de  Russy,  Louisiana;  and  was  with  the 
expedition  in  the  Atchafalaya  and  the  engagement  at 
Simsport. 

His  next  service  was  in  the  steamers  "James  Adger" 


and  "  Corwin,"  on  the  South  Atlantic  blockade,  1865-66. 
He  became  assistant  paymaster  in  July,  1S66;  and  was 
commissioned  passed  assistant  paymaster  September  6, 
1867.  In  1867-68  he  was  attached  to  the  sloop-of-war 
"Dale,"  on  the  North  Atlantic  Station,  and  in  1869-70 
made  a  special  cruise  in  the  "  Sabine,"  to  the  Mediter- 
ranean and  Brazil.  He  afterwards  served  in  the  Practice 
Squadron,  the  Pacific  Surveying  expedition,  and  the 
"Supply."  From  1876-79  he  was  attached  to  the 
"  Monocacy,"  in  Chinese  and  Japanese  waters,  and  made 
an  interesting  cruise  up  the  Yang-tse  River,  more  than 
a  thousand  miles,  on  the  occasion  of  the  opening  of  the 
port  of  Ichang.  The  American  flag  was  the  first  ever 
recognized,  officially,  so  far  in  the  interior  of  that  coun- 
try. Mr.  Whitehouse  was  commissioned  as  paymaster 
April,  1877.  For  a  year  he  was  on  shore  duty  at  New 
York,  and  then  went  to  the  Asiatic  Station  again,  being- 
wrecked  in  the  "  Ashuelot,"  on  the  Lamock  rocks,  For- 
mosa Channel.  Twelve  of  the  ship's  company  were  lost. 
Mr.  Whitehouse  remained  two  and  a  half  months  on  the 
island  in  charge  of  those  who  were  recovering  treasure 
from  the  wreck.  After  that  he  was  fleet-paymaster  of 
the  station,  returning  home  in  the  "  Richmond,"  via  the 
Suez  Canal,  in  1884.  For  about  a  year  after  this  he  was 
inspector  of  provisions  at  New  York,  and  then,  from 
June,  1885,  to  November,  1886,  was  in  the  important 
post  of  chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Provisions  and  Clothing, 
at  Washington,  introducing  beneficial  reforms  at  a  time 
when  they  were  much  needed.  Mr.  Whitney,  who  was 
then  Secretary  of  the  Navy,  acknowledged  Paymaster 
Whitehouse's  efficient  control  of  the  Bureau  in  a  letter 
couched  in  the  most  gratifying  terms,  saying  that  "the 
good  judgment  and  energy  you  have  displayed  in  putting 
the  reforms  in  practice  appear  to  me  to  call  for  special 
commendation." 

From  1886-S9  Paymaster  Whitehouse  was  paymaster 
of  the  receiving-ship  at  the  New  York  Station,  and  in 
May,  1889,  he  was  ordered  to  the  new  cruiser  "  Chicago," 
flag-ship  of  the  " Squadron  of  Evolution."  In  her  he 
visited  all  the  great  European  naval  stations  of  the  Medi- 
terranean, and  then  went  to  the  Brazils  to  convey  the 
congratulations  of  the  President  of  the  United  States  to 
the  Republic  of  Brazil. 

Paymaster  Whitehouse  was  next  on  the  South  Atlantic 
Station,  in  the  "Chicago,"  whither  Acting  Rear-Admiral 
Walker  was  ordered  in  December,  1891,  to  be  read}'  to 
force  and  hold  the  Straits  of  Magellan  in  case  of  war 
with  Chili,  and  returned  to  the  United  States  in  May, 
1892.  Up  to  the  present  time  Paymaster  Whitehouse 
has  performed  more  than  twenty  years  of  sea-service. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


455 


MAJOR    S.   MARMADUKE   WHITESIDE,    U.S.A. 

Major  S.  Marmaduke  Whiteside  (Seventh  Cavalry) 
was  born  in  Canada,  January  9,  1839,  and  was  a  private 
of  the  general  mounted  service;  and  sergeant-major  of 
the  Sixth  Cavalry,  from  November  10,  1858,  to  Novem- 
ber 1,  1 861,  when  he  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  of 
the  Sixth  Cavalry ;  he  was  promoted  first  lieutenant 
January  25,  1864,  and  served  during  the  war  of  the  Re- 
bellion in  the  field,  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  as 
acting  aide-de-camp  to  Major-General  McCIellan,  and 
engaged  in  all  the  battles  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
while  said  army  was  under  his  command. 

He  also  served  as  acting  aide-de-camp  to  General 
Banks,  and  engaged  in  the  operations  before  Port  I  [udson, 
Louisiana,  and  performed  the  duties  of  acting  assistant 
quartermaster.  He  was  aide-de-camp  to  General  Mar- 
tindale,  commanding  the  district  of  Washington,  D.  C, 
and  aide-de-camp  to  General  Pleasonton,  in  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac,  and  was  severely  injured  at  Culpeper 
Court-House,  Virginia. 

He  was  brevetted  captain  and  major,  March  13,  1S65, 
for  faithful  and  meritorious  service. 

On  the  4th  of  April,  1864,  he  was  assigned  to  duty  as 
mustering  and  disbursing  officer  of  the  State  of  Rhode 
Island  at  Providence,  remaining  there  until  February, 
1865,  when  he  became  chief  commissary  of  musters  of 
the  Army  of  the  Shenandoah,  mustering  out  of  service 
thirty  thousand  men.  He  then  joined  his  regiment  and 
served  with  it  in  Texas  from  November,  1865,  to  Janu- 
ary, 1 87 1,  at  which  time  he  was  detailed  on  recruiting 
service  at  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania,  and  remained 
there  until  January,  1873.  He  was  with  his  regiment  in 
Arizona  from  December,  1875,  to  July,  1882,  when  he 
was  again  on  general  recruiting  service  at  Washington, 
D.  C. 


He  served  at  that  place  and  at  various  other  sta- 
tions until  promoted  major,  Seventh  Cavalry,  April  14, 
1884,  and  served  at  Fort  Rile)-  until  1890. 

He  participated  in  the  Indian  campaign  at  Pine  Ridge 
Agency,  South  Dakota,  in  the  winter  of  1890-91  ;  and 
participated  in  the  capture  of  Big  Foot's  band  of  four 
hundred  Indians,  December  28,  1890,  on  the  Porcupine; 
in  the  battle  and  destruction  of  the  band  on  the  following 
day;  and  in  the  fight,  on  December  30,  with  the  Indians 
near  Drexel's  Mission,  in  which  eight  troops  of  the 
Seventh  Cavalry  were  engaged. 

On  the  4th  of  January,  1.X91,  Major  Whiteside  was  as- 
signed to  the  command  of  the  regiment,  which  command 
he  held  until  the  close  of  the  trouble.  At  the  end  of  the 
campaign  the  command  returned  to  Fort  Riley,  where 
the  major  is  at  present  stationed,  having  had  leave  of 
absence,  which  expired  April  20,  1892. 


456 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NA  VY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN  AND  BREVET  MAJOR  THOMAS  WiLHELM, 

U.S.A. 

Captainand  Brevet  M  vjok  Thomas Wilhelm  (Eighth 
Infantry)  was  born  in  Northampton  County, Pennsylvania. 
I  [e  organized  a  company  of  one  hundred  men  at  the  break- 
ing out  of  the  Rebellion;  was  appointed  its  captain,  and 
reported  with  it  at  the  capital  of  his  State,  where  he 
was  assigned  to  the  Sixth  Pennsylvania  Infantry,  and 
at  once  participated  in  the  campaigns  on  the  Upper 
Potomac. 

On  the  conclusion  of  the  service  of  the  troops  first 
called  into  activity,  Major  Wilhelm,  upon  being  mustered 
out  in  July,  1861,  found  a  second  company  prepared  for 
him  for  the  three-years'  call,  of  which  he  was  appointed 
captain,  and  became  a  part  of  the  Second  Pennsylvania 
Heavy  Artillery,  which  regiment  was  soon  ordered  into 
field-duty.  He  attained  the  rank  of  major  in  November, 
1 862,  and  was  placed  in  command  of  one  of  its  battalions. 
In  1SG4  was  appointed  by  the  War  Department  colonel 
of  the  Second  Provisional  Pennsylvania  Heavy  Artillery, 
retaining  the  grade  of  major  in  his  former  regiment.  He 
was  ordered  with  his  new  command  to  report  for  duty 
with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

He  served  in  all  the  battles  of  Giant's  campaign  of 
1864,  viz. :  Those  of  the  Wilderness.  Spottsylvania  Court- 
House.Cold  Harbor(where  he  was  wounded),  and  in  the 
battles  establishing  the  lines  at  Petersburg.  He  com-  ' 
manded  the  First  Brigade,  First  Division,  Ninth  Corps, 
Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  was  complimented  by  Gen- 
eral Burnside  for  the  handsome  advance  of  his  command 
in  the  first  attacks  upon  the  enemy's  lines  at  Petersburg. 
He  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  Second  Brigade, 
First  Division,  Twenty-second  Corps,  in  the  defences  of 
the  national  capital,  1864,  and  then  as  assistant  inspector- 
general  of  the  defences  of  Washington,  south  of  the  Po- 
tomac, in  1864.    In  addition  to  this  duty,  he  was  appointed 


recorder  of  a  board  of  officers  organized  at  Washington, 
I).  C,  for  the  examination  of  officers  as  to  their  fitness 
for  promotion.  In  Jul}-,  1865,  he  was  honorably  mus- 
tered out  of  the  service,  and  appointed  captain  of  the 
Seventh  U.  S.  Veteran  Volunteers,  and  ordered  to  Phila- 
delphia, where  he  was  appointed  provost-marshal  of  that 
city  for  a  short  period. 

His  regiment  being  mustered  out  of  the  service  in 
April,  1866,  he  was  appointed  lieutenant  in  the  Eighth 
U.  S.  Infantry  on  the  11th  of  the  following  month.  He 
at  once  joined  his  regiment  in  South  Carolina,  where  it 
was  on  duty  performing  the  difficult  task  of  passive  inter- 
position under  the  reconstruction  laws.  I  le  was,  how- 
ever, si  11  in  detached  from  his  regiment  to  make  the  survey 
and  contracts  for  the  improvements  of  the  National  Cem- 
etery at  Salisbury,  North  Carolina.  From  here,  in  March, 
186S,  he  was  appointed  adjutant  of  his  regiment,  and 
joined  the  head-quarters  at  Raleigh,  North  Carolina,  in 
which  position  he  continued  over  eleven  years,  when  he 
was  appointed  captain  on  June/,  1879.  During  this  period 
he  was  assigned  to  many  responsible  and  difficult  duties 
pertaining  to  the  service, — among  them,  acting  assistant 
adjutant-general  of  the  District  of  South  Carolina  in  the 
days  of  reconstruction  ;  acting  assistant  adjutant-general 
of  the  Department  of  Arizona,  and  judge-advocate  ol  the 
same  department. 

After  his  regiment  was  ordered  to  California  he  was  se- 
lected as  judge-advocate  of  the  Military  Division  of  the 
Pacific,  on  the  staff  of  Major-General  McDowell,  serving 
in  this  capacity  until  the  retirement  of  that  officer. 

With  this  enviable  record,  he  was  twice  brevetted  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  action, — receiving  the 
brevet  of  captain  in  the  battles  of  the  Wilderness,  and 
that  of  major  in  the  battles  of  Cold  Harbor. 

In  the  early  part  of  the  major's  staff  duty  he  saw  the 
importance  of  supplying  his  profession  with  various  mil- 
itary works;  among  them  he  produced  the  laborious 
work  known  as  "  Wilhelm's  Military  and  Naval  Ency- 
clopaedia." This  work  contains  in  the  neighborhood  ol 
twenty  thousand  subjects  ;  is  the  first  book  precisely  of 
its  kind  in  the  English  language,  and  has  taken  nearly 
ten  years  of  the  major's  time  in  its  production. 

Soon  after  he  put  into  the  book  world  a  revised  edition 
of  the  "  Encyclopaedia,"  known  as  "  Wilhelm's  Military 
Dictionary  and  Gazetteer."  This  work  has  not  only  a  wide 
circulation,  but  has  long  been  one  of  the  most  useful  w<  irks 
to  the  profession.  This  officer  has  also  put  into  book 
form  the  biographies  of  the  officers  of  his  regiment;  has 
written  the  history  of  his  regiment  in  two  volumes, 
embracing  reminiscences  of  his  corps.  "  Wilhelm's 
Military  Pocket-Book"  is  another  of  his  publications. 

Throughout  his  military  career,  Major  Wilhelm  has 
taken  many  opportunities  to  devote  his  pen  to  the  defence 
and  improvement  of  the  soldier. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


457 


KKAR-ADMIRAL  CHARLES  WILKES,  U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Rear-Admiral  Charles  Wilkes  was  born  in  the  city 
of  New  York  on  the  3d  of  April,  1798.  His  family 
were  English,  his  great-uncle  being  John  Wilkes,  or 
"  Liberty"  Wilkes,  as  he  was  called.  In  character  he 
was  energetic,  fearless,  and  unflinching;  when  acting  for 
his  country's  good,  never  afraid  to  assume  responsibility 
when  assured  that  it  was  the  best  thing  to  do. 

On  the  1st  of  January,  1818,  he  received  his  appoint- 
ment as  midshipman  ;  promoted  to  lieutenant  April  28, 
1826.  In  1830  he  was  ordered  to  duty  in  the  Depart- 
ment of  Charts  and  Instruments.  It  was  then  that  he 
set  up  fixed  astronomical  instruments  in  a  small  house 
on  the  grounds  of  his  home  on  Capitol  Hill,  Washington, 
D.  C,  and  he  was  the  first  in  the  United  States  to  observe 
with  them. 

In  1S38  he  was  ordered  as  commander  of  the  United 
States  Exploring  Expedition,  and  sailed  from  Norfolk, 
Virginia,  on  the  18th  of  August  of  that  year  with  five 
vessels  under  his  command.  During  the  expedition  he 
visited  the  islands  of  the  Pacific,  explored  and  surveyed 
the  Samoan  group,  ami  then  turned  southward,  where 
they  discovered  the  Antarctic  Continent,  coasting  west- 
ward along  it  for  more  than  seventy  degrees. 

In  1840  the  northwestern  coast  of  North  America  was 
visited,  also  the  Columbia  and  Sacramento  Rivers.  In 
November,  1841,  the  expedition  turned  its  face  home- 
ward, via  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  and  cast  anchor  in 
New  York'  harbor  June  10,  1842. 

The  contributions  of  this  expedition  constitute  part  of 
the  world's  history.  In  acknowledgment  of  his  services 
to  science  in  this  connection,  the  Geographical  Society  of 
London  presented  Lieutenant  Wilkes  with  a  gold  medal. 

After  this  expedition  charges  were  preferred  against 
Lieutenant  Wilkes  and  a  court-martial  held.  He  was 
acquitted  of  all  charges  save  that  of  illegally  punishing 
some  of  his  crew.  He  served  on  the  Coast  Survey  in 
1842-43. 

He  was  promoted  to  commander  July  13,  1843,  and 
was  sent  to  bring  home  the  African  Squadron.  He  was 
then  employed  in  the  report  of  the  expedition  until  1861. 
When  the  Civil  War  opened,  having  received  his  com- 
mission as  captain  September  14,  1855,  he  was  placed  in 
command  of  the  cruiser  "  San  Jacinto."  He  then  sailed 
in  pursuit  of  the  Confederate  privateer  "  Sumter." 

On  the  8th  of  November,  1861,  he  intercepted  the  rebel 
commissioners  bound  for  England  on  board  Her  Majesty's 
steamer  "Trent."     Sending  Lieutenant  D.  M.  Fairfax  on 


board,  Messrs.  Mason  and  Slidell  were  brought  to  the 
"  San  Jacinto,"  and  the  "  Trent"  proceeded  on  her  way. 
The  officials  were  taken  to  Fort  Warren,  Boston  harbor. 
Wilkes  was  the  hero  of  the  North.  Congress  passed  a 
resolution  of  thanks,  and  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy  sent 
an  emphatic  commendation.  It  resulted,  however,  in  an 
international  complication,  and  the  Confederate  ambas- 
sadors were  released  at  England's  request.  It  has  been 
claimed  that  Captain  Wilkes  should  have  made  the  case 
impregnable  by  sending  the  "  Trent"  to  the  United  States 
as  a  prize.  He  was,  however,  justified  in  the  course 
which  he  pursued  by  English  precedent,  according  to 
Major  George  B.  Davis's  work  on  "  International  Law." 
67..  note,  pp.  361-362. 

In  1862  Captain  Wilkes  commanded  the  James  River 
Flotilla,  and  shelled  City  Point.  He  was  promoted  to 
commodore  July  16,  1862,  and  placed  in  command  of 
the  Flying  Squadron  in  the  West  Indies. 

(  )f  the  officers  under  his  command,  Rear-Admiral 
Stevens  is  among  the  few  remaining.  Commodore  Wilkes 
was  placed  on  the  retired  list,  June  25,  1864,  from  age, 
and  promoted  to  rear-admiral,  on  the  retired  list,  July 
25,  1866.  His  contributions  to  literature  were  the  nar- 
rative of  the  expedition  (four  volumes),  and  the  volumes 
on  meteorology  and  hydrography.  He  is  also  the  author 
of  "  Western  America,"  1849,  anc^  "  The  Theory  of  the 
Winds,"  1856. 

Admiral  Wilkes  lived  until  February  8,  1877.  He  died 
at  his  home  in  Washington.  His  latter  years  were  spent 
in  retirement,  but  up  to  a  few  days  of  his  death  his  one 
thought  was  his  country,  and  his  regret  that  his  time  of 
serving  her  was  ended. 


58 


45  * 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  (regular) 


BRIGADIER-  AND  BREVET  MAJOR-GENERAL   OR- 
LANDO B.  WILLCOX,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Brigadier-  and  Brevet  Major-General  Orlando  B. 
Willci  ix  was  born  in  Mich.,  April  16,  1 823,  and  graduated 
from  the  Military  Academy  in  the  Class  of  1847,  when 
he  was  promoted  second  lieutenant  of  the  Fourth  Artil- 
lery, and  first  lieutenant  April  30,  1850.  He  served  with 
Light  Batter}'  G,  in  the  war  with  Mexico,  from  Sept., 
1847,  to  June,  184S,  and  in  the  Sumner  Expedition  on 
the  Plains,  1850;  served  with  troops,  Fourth  Artillery  and 
marines,  in  the  Anthony  Burns  Riot,  Boston,  May  17  to 
June  3, 1 854,  and  with  company  in  Florida,  Bill}-  Bowlcgs's 
War,  1856-57.  He  resigned  from  Fourth  Artillery  Sept. 
10,  1857,  and  settled  at  Detroit,  Mich.,  in  the  practice  of 
the  law  until  May,  1  861. 

At  the  commencement  of  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  he 
was  appointed  colonel  of  the  First  Mich.  Infantry,  May  1, 
1 86 1 ,  and  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  July  21,  1861  ; 
commanded  in  the  capture  of  Alexandria  and  Ball's 
Bluff,  May  21,  1861  ;  captured  Fairfax  Station,  July  18; 
served  in  command  of  Second  Brigade,  Third  Division 
(Heintzelman's),  at  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21,  1861, 
where  he  was  se\  erely  \\< mnded  in  a  charge  and  captured  ; 
prisoner  of  war  in  Richmond,  Charleston  jail  (hostage 
for  privateers),  Castle  Pinckney,  and  Columbia  jail,  and 
at  Salisbury  and  Libby  Prisons,  one  year  and  twenty- 
four  days;  exchanged  in  August,  1862;  commanded 
First  Division,  Ninth  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
in  the  battles  of  South  Mountain  and  Antietam,  Sep- 
tember 14-17,  1862  ;  commanded  Ninth  Corps  in  October 
and  November,  1862;  supporting  Pleasonton's  cavalry 
operations  in  the  advance  of  Army  of  the  Potomac 
(skirmish  at  Sulphur  Springs,  Warrenton,  November 
1 5),  and  Burnside's  crossing  and  battle  of  Fredericksburg, 
December  11-14,  1862;  commanded  Ninth  Corps  and 
District  of  Central  Kentucky  from  April    10  to  June  9, 


1863,  and  District  of  Ind.  and  Mich.,  during  the  enroll- 
ment riots,  from  June  10  to  September  1 1,  1863  ;  marched 
in  command  of  division  of  reinforcements  for  East  Ten- 
nessee from  Nicholasville,  Ky.,  Sept.  17,  1863,  with  which 
he  served  in  Burnside's  battle.  Blue  Springs,  East  Ten- 
nessee, Oct.  10,  1863,  and  in  command  of  left  wing  on  re- 
treat from  Bull's  Gap;  occupied  Cumberland  Gap,  hold- 
ing open  communications  with  Kentucky  during  siege 
of  Knoxville,  and  operated  successfully  at  Mulberry  Gap, 
Joncsville,  Jacksonborough,  ami  Maynardsville  in  No- 
vember, [863,  and  defeated  Wheeler's  cavalry  at  Walker's 
Ford,  Clinch  River,  December  2,  1863  ;  commanding  Dis- 
trict of  the  Clinch  until  Jan.  15,  1864;  commanded  Second 
Division  and  the  Ninth  Corps  in  skirmishes  at  Strawberry 
Plains,  rear-guard  of  the  Army  of  the  Ohio,  Jan.  21,  and 
near  Knoxville,  Jan.  22,  retreating  from  Dandridge,  and 
in  subsequent  operations  in  East  Tennessee,  from  Jan.  26 
to  March  16,  1864;  commanded  Ninth  Corps  en  route  to 
Annapolis,  Maryland,  March  and  part  of  April,  1864; 
commanded  Third  Division,  Ninth  Corps  (reorganized 
under  Burnside),  battles  of  Wilderness,  Ma\-  6,  North 
Anna  River,  Ma}-  9  (commanding  two  divisions) ;  Third 
Division,  Spottsylvania,  May  12;  skirmishes  on  Tolo- 
potomy,  Ma}r  31  anil  June  1  ;  battle  of  Bethesda  Church, 
June  3  ;  at  Petersburg,  June  17-18,  and  July  30;  in  action 
onWeldon  Railroad,  August  19.  21,  and  25  ;  commanding 
First  Division  (consolidated),  Ninth  Corps,  in  action, 
Pegram  House,  September  30;  in  skirmishes  near  same, 
Oct.  2  and  8,  and  at  Hatcher's  Run,  Oct.  27,  1864;  com- 
manding division  in  the  trenches,  siege  of  Petersburg, 
from  Nov.  29,  1864,  to  April  3,  1865  ;  engaged  in  action 
Fort  Steadman  March  25,  and  the  lines  of  Petersburg, 
from  March  29  to  April  3,  when  the  city  fell.  He  ac- 
cepted surrender  of  Petersburg  from  civil  authorities, 
and  took  command  of  city  and  vicinity  until  April  5  ; 
marched  in  command  of  division  to  Burksville,  Virginia, 
April  5,  and  thence  to  Washington,  on  the  assassination 
of  the  President;  commanded  District  of  Lynchburg,  Va., 
from  Sept.,  1866,  to  March,  1869,  reconstruction  diffi- 
culties; transferred  as  colonel  to  the  Twelfth  Infantry, 
March  15,  1869,  and  moved  with  regiment  to  Pacific 
coast;  superintendent  general  recruiting  service  from  Au- 
gust, 1873,  to  Oct.,  1S74;  commanded  Department  of 
Arizona  on  brevet  commission  of  major-general  from 
March,  1878,  to  Sept.,  18S2;  in  command  of  regiment  at 
Madison  Barracks  until  retirement,  April  16,  1887;  mili- 
tary governor  of  the  Soldiers'  Home  at  Washington, 
D.  C,  in  1890-92. 

( reneral  Willcox  was  bre\  etted brigadier-general, March 
2,  [887,  for  Spottsylvania  Court-House,  and  major-gen- 
eral same  date  for  the  capture  of  Petersburg.  He  was 
also  brevetted  major-general  of  volunteers,  August  1, 1864, 
for  the  "  several  actions  since  crossing  the  Rapidan." 

He  was  appointed  brigadier-general,  Oct.  13,  1886. 


WHO   SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


459 


PAY-DIRECTOR  W.  W.  WILLIAMS,    U.S.N. 

Pay-Director  W.  W.  Williams  was  bom  in  Ohio, 
and  appointed  assistant  paymaster  from  that  State  in 
August,  1 86 1.  His  first  duty  was  on  board  the  "  Louisi- 
ana," and  he  was  in  her  at  the  battles  of  Roanoke  Island, 
Elizabeth  City,  and  New  Berne,  in  1862.  In  1863,  while 
still  attached  to  the  "  Louisiana,"  he  volunteered  his 
services  to  General  Foster  during  the  three  weeks'  siege 
1  >f  Washington,  commanding  the  army  gun-boat  "  I^agle," 
and,  for  his  services  at  that  critical  juncture,  received  a 
warm  letter  of  thanks  from  General  Foster,  which  is  on 
file  in  the  Navy  Department.  For  the  same  service  he 
received  a  letter  of  thanks  "  for  brave  and  gallant  con- 
duct," from  Commander  Renshaw,  of  the  "  Louisiana," 
which  is  also  on  file  in  the  Navy  Department;  and  one 
highly  commendatory,  and  going  more  into  detail,  from 
Acting  Volunteer  Lieutenant-Commander  Saltonstall, 
also  on  file. 

He  was  promoted  to  paymaster  March  2,  1S64,  and 
ordered  to  the  steam-sloop  "  Wachusett,"  on  the  Brazil 
Station.  Was  attached  to  her  at  the  time  the  "  Florida" 
was  taken  at  Bahia,  in  October,  1864.  Captain  Collins, 
of  the  "Wachusett,"  gave  him  a  letter,  which  is  cm  file, 
in  regard  to  his  conduct  on  that  occasion,  in  which  he 
says,  among  other  things,  "  Your  coolness,  at  a  time  of 
considerable  confusion,  served  me  to  execute  many  de- 
tails of  the  surrender  of  the  '  Florida,'  while  we  were 
still  under  the  range  of  the  guns  of  the  shore  forts  and 
batteries.  Had  the  equanimity  of  others  been  equal  to 
your  own,  and  my  orders,  transmitted  through  you,  been 
fully  carried  out,  I  have  no  doubt  we  should  have  sunk 
the  '  Florida'  within  five  minutes  from  the  time  we  struck 
her,  and  should  have  avoided  the  useless  noise  and  dis- 
grace of  firing  needlessly  shotted  guns  in  a  neutral  port. 
I  can  state  that  your  services  to  me  in  making  the  cap- 
ture were  more  valuable  than  that  of  any  one  person  that 
night,  etc." 

Commander  Alexander  Murray  also  bore  written  tes- 
timony to  Paymaster  Williams's  gallantry  on  boat  expe- 


ditions and  other  occasions.  He  was  promoted  ten 
numbers  in  his  corps,"  for  gallant  and  meritorious  service" 
at  Wallop's  Island,  and  Washington,  North  Carolina.  In 
1864-65  he  was  inspector  of  clothing  in  the  Mississippi 
Squadron;  and  was  attached  to  the  store-ship  "  Fre- 
donia,"  at  Callao,  1867-68.  He  was  one  of  the  three- 
surviving  officers  of  that  vessel  when  she  was  wrecked 
by  an  extraordinary  tidal  wave  at  Arica,  Peru,  on  Au- 
gust 13,  1 868.  He  was  attached  to  the  navy-yard, 
Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  in  1870-73.  Promoted 
to  pay-inspector  in  October,  1 87 1,  and  at  that  date  re- 
ceived the  advancement  in  his  grade  alluded  to  above. 
He  served  as  fleet-paymaster  of  the  North  Atlantic  Sta- 
tion in  1874-75  ;  and  was  in  charge  of  the  pay-office  at 
Washington,  1875-78.  After  a  service  as  inspector  of 
provisions  at  the  Washington  Navy- Yard — 1878-80, — 
he  was  for  three  years  fleet-paymaster  of  the  European 
Station.  From  1884  to  1887,  he  was  in  charge  of  the 
pay-office  at  San  Francisco.  Since  then  he  has  been 
general  storekeeper  at  the  navy-yard  at  Mare  Island, 
California. 


460 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AXD   NAVY  {regular) 


CAPTAIN    BYRON    WILSON,    U.S.N. 

Captain  Byron  Wilson  was  born  in  Ohio,  December 
'"•  '837,  and  appointed  midshipman  from  that  State  in 
January,  1853.  After  four  years  at  the  Naval  Academy, 
Annapolis,  he  made  a  cruise  in  the  steam-frigate  "  Mis- 
sissippi," in  the  East  Indies,  and  in  the  steam-sloop 
"  Richmond,"  which  ship  was  attached  to  the  West  Gulf 
Squadron  in  1861.  Me  was  commissioned  lieutenant  in 
April  of  that  year,  and  ordered  to  the  Mississippi  Squad- 
ron, where  he  had  command  of  the  "  Mound  City,"  and, 
from  [863  to  1865,  command  of  a  division  of  the  squad- 
ron, lie  served  in  almost  all  the  important  events  of  the 
war  upon  the  river.  At  the  passage  of  the  Vicksburg 
batteries,  Apuil  1  6,  1863;  Deer  Creek,  1863;  Red  River 
Expedition,  1864.  He  was  commissioned  as  lieutenant- 
commander  in  1863.  Served  in  the  steam-sloop  "Sara- 
nac,"  Pacific  Squadron,  1866-68;  steam-sloop  "Ply- 
mouth," European  Squadron,  1868-69.  Commanded 
the  "  Nipsic,"  on  the  Darien  Expedition  of  1870-71. 
Commissioned  as  commander,  January,  1872;  and  com- 
manded the  receiving-ship  "St.  Louis,"  from  1875  to 
1878.  Commanded  the  "Wachusett,"  Pacific  Station, 
1879-80.     From  1 88 1  to  1883  in  charge  of  Naval   Ren- 


dezvous at  Philadelphia.  Commissioned  captain  in  April, 
[883.  At  present  in  command  of  the  "  Independence," 
at  Mare  Island,  California. 

The  operations  at  Deer  Creek,  mentioned  above,  were 
among  the  most  curious  of  the  whole  war.  It  was  an 
attempt  to  get  in  the  rear  of  Vicksburg  with  the  gun- 
boats, by  way  of  the  Yazoo,  through  passes  so  over- 
hung with  trees  and  bushes  that  they  had  to  be  cut  away 
in  man)'  places  for  the  boats  to  pass.  The  latter  were 
compared,  with  their  iron-clad  casemates,  to  great  mud- 
turtles  crawling  through  their  native  swamps.  Trees 
were  run  down,  made  fast  to,  and  hauled  out  of  the  way, 
and  saws  and  axes  employed  upon  others,  which  stood 
in  man}-  feet  of  water.  The  details  of  this  romantic  expe- 
dition of  vessels  of  six  hundred  tons  among  the  primeval 
forests  of  the  swamps  must  be  read  in  detail  to  be  under- 
stood and  appreciated.  The  retreat,  made  necessary  by 
the  physical  difficulties,  is  even  more  remarkable  and 
more  interesting  than  the  advance.  Fortunately,  General 
Sherman  and  his  army  had  been  detached  to  the  assist- 
ance of  the  beleaguered  fleet,  and  arrived  in  time  to  succor 
them,  when  caught  in  a  sort  of  trap.  The  expedition, 
though  not  entirely  successful,  had  a  great  effect  upon 
the  operations  of  the  Confederacy. 

The  wonderful  work  of  the  "dam"  on  the  Red  River, 
by  which  the  fleet  of  gun-boats  was  saved,  is  much  better 
known  to  the  public  at  large  than  this  extraordinary 
bayou  expedition. 

After  the  surrender  of  Vicksburg,  the  "  Mound  City," 
under  Lieutenant-Commander  Wilson,  "  gave  the  enemy 
a  severe  lesson."  Confederate  raiders,  under  McNeil, 
made  a  descent  upon  Lake  Providence,  for  the  purpose 
of  carrying  off  mules,  horses,  and  wagons  belonging  to 
the  Federal  arm)-.  Much  to  their  surprise, — as  they  nat- 
urally did  not  expect  to  find  an  iron-clad  on  Lake  Provi- 
dence,— Wilson  opened  upon  them,  and  they  retreated, 
leaving  many  dead  and  wounded,  and  never  troubled  that 
part  again. 

The  night-passage  of  the  Vicksburg  batteries,  in  which 
Captain  Wilson  bore  a   prominent  part,  is   well  known 
Fortunately,  the    results  were   commensurate   with   the 
;  daring  displayed. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


461 


MAJOR  AND  PAYMASTER  CHARLES  I.  WILSON, 
U.S.A. 

Major  and  Paymaster  Charles  I.  Wilson  was  born 
in  Washington,  D.  C,  May  3,  1837.  Retiring  year, 
1901.  Appointed  from  New  York, — civil  life.  Assist- 
ant surgeon,  May  28,  1861  ;  accepted,  May  31,  1861  ; 
captain  and  assistant  surgeon.  May  28,  1866;  resigned, 
January  1,  1867;  captain  Sixteenth  Infantry,  January 
22,  1S67;  accepted,  March  23,  1867;  unassigned,  April 
17.  1S69;  honorably  discharged,  December  31,  1870; 
major  and  paymaster,  March  3,  1875;  accepted,  March 
22,  1875.  Brevet  captain,  March  13,  1865,  for  meritori- 
ous and  distinguished  services  in  the  battle  of  Todd's 
Tavern  and  Yellow  Tavern,  Virginia;  brevet  major, 
March  13,  1S65,  for  highly  meritorious  and  distinguished 
services  in  his  department  in  twelve  engagements  in  the 
Shenandoah  Valley,  Virginia;  brevet  major,  March  2, 
1867,  for  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  Todd's 
Tavern.  On  duty  as  post-surgeon  at  Fort  Leavenworth 
and  Fort  Lamed,  Kansas,  from  September,  1861,  to 
September,  1S62;  on  duty  at  Frederick,  Maryland,  from 
September,  1862,  to  December,  1862,  in  charge  of  Con- 
federate hospitals ;  reported  for  duty  in  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  December,  1862;  assigned  to  duty  with  regu- 
lar cavalry,  and  was  successively  regimental  surgeon 
Second  United  States  Cavalry,  surgeon-in-chief  Regular 
Cavalry  Reserve  Brigade,  surgeon-in-chief  First  Cavalry 


Division,  and  acting  medical  director  Cavalry  Corps, 
Middle  Military  Division  (Shenandoah  Valley),  until 
early  spring  of  1865;  as  assistant  surgeon  U.  S.  A., 
with  rank  of  first  lieutenant,  participated  in  all  the 
cavalry  engagements  from  spring  of  1865  ;  was  on  duty 
in  Washington  as  hospital  surgeon,  surgeon-in-chief  of 
the  defences  of  Washington,  and  post-surgeon  at  Fort 
Washington,  Maryland,  until  January  1,  1867,  when  he 
resigned  the  service;  appointed  captain  Sixteenth  In- 
fantry, to  date  January  22,  1S67,  and  served  with  regi- 
ment until  April,  1869 ;  was  then  unassigned  and  shortly 
alter  ordered  on  duty  on  recruiting  service ;  appointed 
major  and  paymaster  U.  S.  A.,  March  3,  1875;  was 
a- signed  to  duty  in  the  Department  of  Texas,  and  served 
there  until  May,  1SS1  ;  then  ordered  to  the  Department 
of  the  East,  station  New  York  City,  and  served  there 
until  June,  1885;  was  then  ordered  to  the  Department 
of  the  Platte,  station  Omaha,  Nebraska,  and  served  there 
until  Jul\',  1SS7;  was  then  ordered  to  Department  of 
the  Missouri,  station  St.  Louis,  Missouri,  where  lie  has 
been  since,  and  is  at  present  serving.  Participated  in 
the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run  and  in  all  the  cavalry  en- 
gagements of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  and  Shenandoah 
Valley.  In  command  of  Bedloe's  Island,  a  sub-depot  of 
recruits,  and  also  at  David's  Island,  New  York  harbor, 
until  December  31,  1870,  when  he  was  honorably  dis- 
charged the  service  at  his  own  request. 


462 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


COLONEL  JOHN  M.  WILSON,   U.S.A. 

Colonel  John  M.  Wilson  (Corps  of  Engineers)  was 
born  in  the  District  of  Columbia,  and  graduated  at  the 
Military  Academy  July  1,  i860,  when  lie  was  promoted 
brevet  second  lieutenant  of  artillery  the  same  day.  He 
was  transferred  to  the  ordnance  October  9,  1S60,  trans- 
ferred to  the  First  Artillery  January  17,  1861,  and  pro- 
moted second  lieutenant,  Second  Artillery,  January  28, 
1861.  He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  May  14,  1 86 1 , 
having  served  as  assistant  ordnance-officer  at  Fort 
Monroe  and  at  Washington  Arsenals  until  April,  1861, 
when  he  was  in  the  defences  of  Washington  to  Jul}-,  and 
participated  in  the  Manassas  campaign,  being  engaged  in 
battle  of  Hull  Run,  July  21,  1861.  He  was  then  in  the 
defences  of  Washington  to  March,  1862,  when  he  par- 
ticipated in  the  Virginia  Peninsula  campaign,  and  was 
engaged  in  the  siege  of  Yorktown,  April  5  in  May  4, 
1862;  battle  of  Williamsburg,  May  4-5,  1862;  action  of 
Slatersville,  May  9,  1802;  skirmish  at  Gaines'  Mill, 
May  23,  1862;  action  of  Mechanicsville,  May  2^-24, 
1862;  battle  of  Gaines'  Mill,  June  27,  1862;  battle  of 
Malvern  1 1  ill,  June  30  to  July  1,  1862;  skirmish  at  Har- 
rison's Landing,  July  2,  1862;  action  at  Malvern  Hill, 
August  5,  1862. 

He  was  transferred  to  the  Topographical  Engineers 
July  24,  1862,  and  was  in  the  Maryland  campaign,  and 
participated  in  the  battles  of  South  Mountain  and  Antie- 
tam,  Maryland,  and  was  superintending  engineer  of  con- 
struction of  defences  of  Harper's  Ferry,  Virginia,  No- 
vember 1,  1862,  to  March  20,  1863;  assistant  professor 
of  Spanish  at  United  States  Military  Academy,  March- 
June,  1S63;  assistant  engineer  of  the  construction  of 
defences  at  Baltimore,  Maryland,  June-July,  1863; 
superintending  engineer  of  the  defensive  works  at  Mem- 
phis, Vieksburg,  and  Natchez,  August,  1863,  to  May, 
1864;  inspector-general,  Military  Division,  West  Missis- 


sippi, May,  1864,  to  September,  1865;  in  the  Mobile 
campaign,  March-May,  1865  ;  detailed  to  present  to  the 
Secretary  of  War  the  Confederate  flags  captured  in  the 
Mobile  campaign,  May,  1865  ;  in  charge  of  the  construc- 
tion of  fort  at  Ship  Island,  Mississippi,  and  defences 
of  New  Orleans,  September  16,  1865,  to  January  10, 
1866. 

He  was  engaged  in  the  skirmish  at  Charlestown,  Va., 
Oct.  17,  1862;  in  the  siege  and  capture  of  Spanish  Fort, 
March  28-April  8,  1865;  storming  of  Blakely,  April  9, 
1S65  ;  occupation  of  Mobile,  April  12,  1865  ;  and  surren- 
der of  General  Dick  Taylor's  army  at  Citronelle,  May  4, 
1865. 

He  was  promoted  captain,  June  1,  1863;  major,  June 
3,  1S67,  and  lieutenant-colonel,  March  17,  1884.  He  was 
made  brevet  captain,  June  27,  1862,  for  gallant  and  meri- 
torious services  in  the  battle  of  Gaines'  Mill,  Virginia  ; 
major,  July  i,  1862,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services 
in  the  battle  of  Malvern  Hill ;  lieutenant-colonel,  April  8, 
1865,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  capture 
of  Spanish  Fort,  Mobile  harbor;  colonel,  April  8,  1865, 
for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  Spanish  Fort  and 
Fort  Blakely;  colonel  of  volunteers,  March  26,  1865,  for 
faithful  and  meritorious  service;  during  the  campaign 
against  the  city  of  Mobile  and  its  defences. 

At  the  close  of  the  war  Colonel  Wilson  was  at  Jeffer- 
son Barracks,  Missouri,  and  in  charge  of  disposition  of 
engineer  property  in  Ark.  and  Missouri,  Jan.  28,  1866, 
to  Sept.  4,  1866;  assistant  engineer  in  the  improvement 
of  the  Hudson  River,  Sept.  4,  1866,  to  Jan.  21,  1871  ; 
superintending  engineer  of  Forts  ( )ntario  and  Niagara, 
of  harbor  improvements  on  Lake  Ontario  and  St.  Law- 
rence River,  and  of  the  survey  of  the  Third  Subdivision 
of  the  Northern  Transportation  route,  from  the  Great 
Lakes  to  tide-water,  Jan.,  1871,  to  Dec,  1875;  superin- 
tending engineer  of  Forts  Stevens  and  C  mby,  of  river 
and  harbor  improvements  in  Oregon  and  Washington 
Territories,  including  Columbia,  Willamette  and  Snake 
Rivers  and  Cascade  Canal,  and  engineer,  Thirteenth 
Light-House  District,  Dec,  1875,  to  Oct.  21,  1878;  su- 
perintending engineer  of  the  river  and  harbor  improve- 
ments of  Lake  Erie  west  of  Dunkirk,  Dec,  187S,  to  Oct. 
24,  1882,  and  engineer  of  the  Tenth  Light-House  District, 
Jul}-,  iSS  1 ,  to  Dec,  1881  ;  in  charge  of  the  First  and 
Second  Divisions,  office  of  the  chief  of  engineers,  U.  S.  A., 
October,  18S2-86;  on  duty  in  California  connected  with 
proposed  restraining  barriers  on  the  Yuba,  American, 
and  Bear  Rivers,  August  2-29,  1883;  in  charge  of  public 
buildings  and  grounds,  in  the  District  of  Columbia,  with 
the  rank  of  colonel,  June  1,  1885,  to  September  7,  1889. 
On  August  17,  18S9,  he  was  assigned  to  duty  as  super- 
intendent of  the  Military  Academy,  which  position  he 
now  occupies.  Degree  of  LL.D.  conferred  by  Columbia 
University,  Washington,  D.  C,  1 890. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


46: 


COMMODORE  THEODORE  D.  WILSON,  U.S.N. 

Commodore  Theodore  D.  Wilson  (Chief  Constructor) 
was  born  in  Brooklyn,  New  York,  May  1 1,  1840.  Served 
a  regular  apprenticeship  as  shipwright  under  Naval  Con- 
structor B.  F.  Delano,  U.S.N.,  at  the  navy-yard,  Brook- 
lyn, New  York.  Served  for  three  months  at  the  outbreak 
of  the  Civil  War  as  a  non-commissioned  officer  in  the 
Thirteenth  Regiment,  New  York  State  Militia. 

On  the  return  of  the  regiment  he  was  appointed  a 
carpenter  in  the  navy,  from  August  3,  1861.  Served 
afloat  in  the  North  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron,  aboard 
the  U.  S.  steamship  "  Cambridge,"  William  A  Parker, 
commander,  commanding,  until  1863,  during  which  time 
he  took  part  in  the  first  day's  fight  with  the  "  Merrimac," 
and  was  in  several  minor  engagements  on  the  coast. 

On  December  15,  1863,  he  was  ordered  to  special  duty 
under  Rear-Admiral  Gregory,  general  superintendent  of 
all  works  outside  of  navy-yards,  and  by  his  order  was 
intrusted  with  the  building,  repairing,  and  alterations  of 
scores  of  vessels,  involving  the  exercise  of  great  judg- 
ment and  skill. 

Commodore  Wilson  remained  on  this  important  duty 
until  May  17,  1866,  when  he  was  examined  for,  and 
appointed,  an  assistant  naval  constructor  in  the  navy,  and 
ordered  to  duty  in  charge  of  the  Construction  Depart- 
ment of  the  navy-yard,  Pensacola,  Florida.  Detached 
December  28,  1867,  he  was  ordered  to  the  navy-yard, 
Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania.  While  attached  to  this  sta- 
tion as  assistant  to  Naval  Constructor  S.  M.  Pook  (de- 
ceased), he  finished  and  launched  the  "  Omaha,"  com- 
pleted the  rebuilding  of  the  "  Juniata,"  commenced  the 
rebuilding  of  the  frigate  "  Brooklyn,"  and  repaired  the 
"  Sangamon"  and  "  Dictator." 

Detached  on  the  3d  of  July,  1869,  he  was  ordered  to 
the  Naval  Academy  as  instructor  in  ship-building  and 
naval  architecture,  where  he  remained  for  a  period  of 
four  years,  giving  great  satisfaction. 

During  the  summer  of  1870  he  was  ordered  by  the 
Secretary  of  the  Navy  to  England  and  France,  on  special 
service,  for  the  purpose  of  observing,  personally,  the 
improvements  in  the  construction  of  iron  vessels-of-war. 
This  duty  was  satisfactorily  performed,  and  much  reliable 
information  obtained  for  the  naval  service. 

Detached  from  the  Naval  Academy,  July  16,  1873,  he 
was  ordered  in  charge  of  the  Department  of  Construc- 
tion and  Repair,  at  the  navy-yard,  Washington,  D.  C, 
and  while  there  rebuilt  the  sloop-of-war  "  Shawmut," 
fitted  her  for  sea,  and  laid  down  and  put  the  sloop-of-war 
"  Nipsic"  in  frame. 


He  was  promoted  and  commissioned  as  naval  con- 
structor from  July  1,  1873  ;  detached,  and  ordered  to  the 
navy-yard,  Portsmouth,  New  Hampshire,  June  1,  1874, 
where  he  was  stationed  until  March  3,  1882.  While 
there  he  had  the  supervision  of  the  work  on  the 
"  Plymouth,"  "  Kearsarge,"  and  "  Wachusett  ;"  finished 
the  "  Enterprise ;"  launched  the  sloop-of-war  "  Essex  ;" 
completed  and  fitted  for  sea  the  sloop-of-war  "  Marion  ;" 
rebuilt  and  fitted  out  the  sloop-of-war  "  Ticonderoga  ;" 
rebuilt  and  fitted  for  sea  the  corvette  "  Lancaster,"  the 
latter  vessel  being  almost  entirely  rebuilt  from  his  own 
designs. 

In  1 88 1  he  was  appointed  a  member  of  the  First  Naval 
Advisory  Board,  of  which  Rear-Admiral  John  Rodgers 
was  president,  organized  for  the  purpose  of  determining 
and  recommending  the  number  and  classes  of  new  vessels 
to  be  constructed  for  the  naval  service. 

On  the  3d  of  March,  1881,  he  was  nominated  by 
President  Arthur,  and  confirmed  by  the  Senate,  as  chief 
constructor  of  the  navy  ami  chief  of  the  Bureau  of 
Construction  and  Repair.  On  the  15th  of  December, 
1 886,  he  was  renominated  by  President  Cleveland  and 
confirmed  by  the  Senate,  and  for  the  third  time  he  was 
renominated  by  President  Harrison  on  the  15th  of  De- 
cember, 1890,  his  present  term  expiring  December,  1894. 

During  the  period  that  he  has  been  chief  constructor, 
plans  have  been  made  for  thirty-two  of  the  new  steel 
vessels  now  in  the  service,  or  in  course  of  construction, 
and  plans  prepared  for  completing  the  five  double-tur- 
retted  iron  monitors,  aggregating  eighty-nine  thousand 
three  hundred  and  sixty-three  tons  displacement. 


464 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  A. YD   NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN  GILBERT  C.  WILTSE.  U.S.N. 

Captain  Gilbert  C.  Wiltse  is  a  native  of  the  State 
of  New  York,  and  born  November  29,  1838.  He  was 
appointed  a  midshipman  from  his  native  State  on  Sep- 
tember 20,  1855.  From  that  time  until  1859  he  was  at 
the  Naval  Academy.  Upon  graduation  be  was  ordered 
to  the  frigate  "  Congress,"  the  flag-ship  of  Admiral  J.  R. 
Sands,  on  the  Brazil  Station.  The  "  Congress"  was  re- 
called from  that  station  upon  the  breaking  out  of  the  ! 
Civil  War,  arriving  in  Boston  in  August.  The  officers 
of  that  ship  (two  midshipmen  and  the  two  marine  officers) 
who  resigned  upon  arrival,  with  the  expressed  intention 
of  going  South,  were  the  first  naval  officers  held  for 
exchange,  being  arrested  and  placed  in  Fort  Warren. 

Wiltse  was  detached  from  the  "  Congress"  and  ordered 


to  the  frigate  "St.  Lawrence,"  in  which  ship  he  was 
present  at  the  engagement  between  the  "  Merrimac,"  the 
"  Congress,"  and  the  "  Cumberland,"  in  Hampton  Roads, 
March  8  and  9,  1862.  He  was  also  in  the  engagement 
with  Sewell's  Point  batteries  in  May,  1862.  He  had  been 
commissioned  as  lieutenant  April  19,  1861. 

He  was  detached  from  the  "  St.  Lawrence"  and  ordered 
to  the  steam-sloop  "  Dacotah,"  in  which  ship  he  served 
in  the  West  Indies  during  1862-63,  a,K'  m  tne  South 
Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron  from  1863  to  1865.  He- 
participated  in  the  engagement  of  the  monitors  with 
Forts  Sumter  and  Moultrie  in  November,  1S63.  He- 
was  commissioned  lieutenant-commander  in  March,  1865. 
In  1866-67  he  served  in  the  "  Agawam,"  of  the  North 
Atlantic  Squadron,  and  was  then  ordered  to  the  appren- 
tice-ship "  Sabine,"  where  he  remained  two  years. 

Upon  his  return  from  this  cruise  he  was  upon  shore 
duty  at  the  navy-yard,  New  York,  and  went  thence  to 
the  monitor  "  Saugus,"  of  the  North  Atlantic  Squadron, 
where  he  remained  during  1869-70.  From  1870  to  1872 
he  was  on  duty  at  the  navy-yard,  Pensacola. 

On  November  8,  1873,  he  was  commissioned  a  com- 
mander in  the  navy,  and  during  1875-76  commanded  the 
"  Shawmut"  (third  rate)  in  the  North  Atlantic  Squadron. 
From  1878  to  1881  he  had  a  tour  of  shore  duty  at  the 
New  York  Navy- Yard,  and  during  1884-85  he  com- 
manded the  steam-sloop  "  Swatara,"  of  the  North  Atlantic 
Squadron. 

He  was  promoted  to  captain  January  26,  1887,  and 
commanded  the  receiving-ship  "  Franklin"  and  the  U.  S. 
training-ship  "  Minnesota"  in  succession. 

Captain  Wiltse  is  at  present  in  command  of  the  cruiser 
"  Boston,"  of  the  Pacific  Squadron. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


4f'5 


COMMANDER  GEORGE  E.  W1NGATE,  U.S.N. 

Commander  George  E.  Wingate  was  born  in  Ports- 
mouth, New  Hampshire,  July  10.  1  <S 3 7 .  First  cruise  in 
clipper-ship  "  Reporter,"  North  Atlantic,  October  4.  185  j- 
55;  clipper-ship  "Storm  King,"  China,  1855—57;  North 
Atlantic  Ocean,  1857-60;  China  Sea  and  East  Indies, 
1860-63.  Entered  the  naval  service  of  the  United  States 
as  an  acting  ensign,  October  3 1 ,  1863  ;  served  in  the  East 
and  West  Gulf  Blockading  Squadrons  during  the  Rebel- 
lion; commissioned  master,  U  S.N.,  March  12,  1868; 
promoted  to  lieutenant,  December  18,  1868;  U.  S.  S. 
"  Quinnebaug,"  South  Atlantic  Station,  1867-68;  trans- 
ferred to  U.  S.  flag-ship  "  Guerriere,"  and  served  on  board 
until  her  return  to  the  United  States  in  1869.  Commis- 
sioned lieutenant-commander,  July  13,  1870;  U.  S.  S. 
"  Saugus"  and  "Ajax"  (ironclads),  North  Atlantic  Sta- 
tion, 1869-70;  Torpedo  Station,  1871-72;  U.  S.  S. 
"Richmond"  (second  rate),  (872-73;  U.  S.  receiving- 
ships  "New  Hampshire"  and  "Sabine,"  1874;  com- 
manding U.  S.  S.  "Ajax,"  1875-76;  "Adams,"  North 
Atlantic  and  Pacific  Stations,  [877-79;  Boston  Navy- 
Yard,  1880-82;  U.  S.  flag-ship  "Brooklyn,"  [882-84;  |  tion,  1890-91 ;  U.S. S 
in  charge  of  Nitre   Depot,   Maiden,  Massachusetts,  De-     December  I,  1891. 


cember,    1884-88.     Promoted  to  commander,  May   26, 

1887;    commanding   U.    S.   store-ship    "  Monongahela," 

Pacific  Station,  [888-89;  U.  S.  S.  "  Ranger,"  Pacific  Sta- 

Michigan,"  Northwestern  Lakes, 


59 


466 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  {regular) 


PASSED  ASSISTANT  SURGEON  GEORGE  F.  WINSLOW, 

U.S.N. 

Passed  Assistant  Surgeon  George  F.  Winslow  was 
born  at  New  Bedford,  Bristol  Count)',  Mass.,  on  May  8, 
1S42.  Graduated  at  Harvard  University  in  March,  1864. 
Appointed  an  acting  assistant  surgeon  on  July  26,  1862, 
at  that  time  not  having  arrived  at  the  age  of  twenty-one, 
the  limit  of  age-requirement  established  by  the  regula- 
tions governing  the  navy  ;  and  having  successfully  passed 
the  Board  of  Medical  Examiners  for  admission,  his  age 
was  waived  by  Hon.  Gideon  Welles,  the  then  Secre- 
tary of  the  Navy,  and  his  appointment  was  issued  on  the 
above  date.  Attached  to  U.  S.  S.  "  Morse,"  North  At- 
lantic Blockading  Squadron,  until  January,  1864.  Different 
engagements  on  James  River,  protecting  flanks  of  Army 
of  the  Peninsula,  under  General  McClellan  ;  White-House 
Landing,  Malvern  Hill,  Brick-House  Point,  West  Point, 
Pamunkey,  and  Mattapony  engagements;  Nansemond 
River  and  Suffolk  against  General  Longstreet,  C.S.A. 
Ordered  to  "Osceola,"  February  24,  1864.  Detached 
August  25,  1865.  Commissioned  assistant  surgeon,  May 
28,  1864.  On  detached  duty  with  army  in  front  of  Peters- 
burg during  the  summer  of  1864.  Detailed  on  operating 
surgical  staff;  both  battles  at  Fort  Fisher,  North  Caro- 
lina. Engagements  in  Cape  Fear  River,  Forts  Strong 
and  Buchanan;  taking  of  Wilmington,  N.  C,  and  Rich- 
mond, Va. 

Ordered  by  Admiral  D.  D.  Porter  to  take  charge 
of  the  Confederate  hospital  at  Fort  Fisher  the  day  after 
its  surrender.  Without  trained  nurses  or  surgical  assist- 
ance, performed  all  operations  on  Confederate  and  Union 
wounded.  In  a  letter  addressed  to  Admiral  Porter,  dated 
January  21,  1865,  head-quarters  I*.  S.  forces,  Fort  Fisher, 
North  Carolina,  Surgeon-General  Barnes,  U.S.N.,  wrote 
as  follows:  "  In  behalf  of  the  commanding  general  and 
the  officers  of  this  command,  I  have  the  honor  of  thank- 


ing Assistant  Surgeon  Winslow,  of  the  navy,  for  his  pro- 
fessional services  rendered  to  the  wounded  within  the 
fort  (particularly  the  Confederate  wounded)  immediately 
after  the  battle  of  the  15th  instant.  His  promptness  and 
skill  saved  main-  a  poor  fellow,  who  otherwise  would 
have  suffered.  For  myself  I  cannot  sufficiently  thank 
him  for  his  noble  conduct  on  that  occasion."  U.  S.  frigate 
"  Sabine,"  apprentice  system,  September  5,  1865  ;  detached 
June  25,  1867.  Promoted  to  passed  assistant  surgeon, 
May,  1867.  Ordered  to  South  Pacific  Squadron,  July, 
1867;  detached  in  December,  1869.  During  his  service 
in  the  Pacific  he  was  attached  to  the  "  Wateree,"  "  Ny- 
ack,"  and  "  Powhatan."  On  August  13,  1 868,  the  U.  S.  S. 
"Wateree,"  then  at  anchor  in  the  harbor  of  Arica,  was 
washed  up  and  wrecked  by  an  earthquake  wave,  landing 
her  three  hundred  and  ten  yards  beyond  the  sea-coast 
line.  The  prefect  of  the  province  of  Arica  requested  the 
admiral  of  the  station  to  detail  an  officer  to  aid  the  medi- 
cal officers  of  the  province,  after  the  catastrophe,  and 
Passed  Assistant  Surgeon  Winslow  was  ordered  to  re- 
main at  Arica  for  that  purpose.  In  recognition  of  his 
services  the  Colonel  Minister  of  War  and  Navy  of  Peru 
made  his  services  matter  of  official  and  commendatory 
report,  which  lack  of  space  prevents  repeating  here. 

Subsequent  to  this  recognition  the  Congress  of  Peru 
in  Lima  voted  the  thanks  of  the  nation  to  Dr.  Winslow 
for  his  philanthropise  surgical  aid  rendered  to  the  suffer- 
ing inhabitants  of  Arica  after  the  earthquake  of  August 
13,  1868.     The  following  letter  explains  itself: 

"Washington,  D.  C,  October  14,  1S69. 
"  To  the  Honorable  Secretary  of  the  Navy  : 

"Sir, — I  take  much  pleasure  in  complying  with  an 
instruction  which  I  have  received  from  Her  Majesty's 
Principal  Secretary  of  State  for  Foreign  Affairs  to  request 
you  to  cause  to  be  conveyed  to  Passed  Assistant  Surgeon 
George  F.  Winslow,  U.S.N. ,  the  thanks  of  Her  Majesty's 
Government  for  his  great  kindness  to  distressed  and 
frozen  seamen  in  the  Straits  of  Magellan  during  the 
winter  of  1868. 

"  I  have  the  honor  to  be,  with  the  highest  consideration, 
[Signed]  "  Edward  Thornton." 

Ordered  to  navy-yard,  Boston,  April  9,  1870.  Naval 
Hospital,  Chelsea,  Mass.,  June  S,  1X71.  Practice-ship 
"Saratoga,"  May,  1871.  FTag-ship  "  Wabash,"  European 
Squadron,  Octobers,  1871  ;  detached  April  17,  1874. 
Portsmouth  Navy- Yard,  apprentice-ship  "  Sabine,"  No- 
vember 16,  1874,  to  November  13,  1875.  Promoted  to 
surgeon  April  2,  1875.  U.  S.  Torpedo  Station,  Newport, 
Rhode  Island,  1X76-78;  "  Vandalia,"  North  Atlantic  Sta- 
tion, 1879-82;  navy-yard,  Boston,  1882-86;  "Atlanta," 
North  Atlantic  Station,  1886-88;  marine  rendezvous, 
Boston,  1889-90;  navy-yard,  Norfolk,  Virginia,  1891-92; 
still  on  duty  at  that  station.  May  31,  1892. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIV  IT.    WAR. 


467 


REAR-ADMIRAL  JOHN   A.  WINSLOW,  U.S.N. 
(deceased). 

Rear-Admiral  John  A.  Winslow's  name  will  always 
be  associated  with  the  capture  of  the  notorious  privateer 
"  Alabama."  He  was  a  native  of  North  Carolina,  born 
in  181 1,  and  was  appointed  midshipman  from  that  State 
in  1827.  After  service  in  the  West  India  Squadron,  he 
became  passed  midshipman  in  1833.  Attached  to  the 
navy-yard  at  Boston,  and  served  at  sea  in  the  Brazils. 
Commissioned  as  lieutenant  in  December,  1839,  and  from 
1840  to  1846  served  in  the  Home  Squadron,  in  the 
"  Missouri"  and  the  "  Cumberland."  Present  at  the 
attack  upon  Tabasco,  ami  in  various  skirmishes  from  the 
Rio  Grande  down  the  Mexican  coast.  He  next  went  to 
the  Boston  Navy- Yard,  and  from  1852  to  1855  was  at- 
tached to  the  frigate  "  St.  Lawrence,"  in  the  Pacific. 
Was  commissioned  commander  in  1855.  Service  at 
Boston  rendezvous  and  as  light-house  inspector  until  the 
Civil  War  broke  out.  He  was  then  ordered  to  the 
Mississippi  Flotilla,  and  was  present  at  Fort  Pillow;  en- 
gaged in  various  attacks  and  skirmishes  with  guerillas; 
and  was  in  command  of  the  expedition  up  White  River, 
in  June,  1862,  for  the  relief  of  General  Curtis's  army. 

He  was  commissioned  as  captain  July  16,  1862. 
During  1863-64  he  commanded  the  steam-sloop  "  Kear- 
sarge,"  on  special  service.  This  service  took  him  to  the 
port  of  Cherbourg.  France,  where  he  found  the  "  Ala- 
bama." That  a  marine  duel  would  be  fought  between 
these  ships  was  so  certain,  excursion  trains  were  run 
from  Paris,  to  enable  people  to  see  it  from  the  cliffs 
north  of  Cherbourg.  On  Sunday,  June  10,  1864,  the 
"  Alabama"  stood  out  from  the  port,  accompanied  by  an 
English  steam-yacht,  called  the  "  Deerhound."  Captain 
Winslow  cleared  for  action,  and  ran  off  to  be  without  the 
limits  of  the  neutral  zone.  When  the  "  Alabama"  was 
about  seven  miles  from  the  shore,  and  about  nine  hun- 
dred yards  from  the  "  Kearsarge,"  the  action  began. 
Captain  Winslow  fearing  that  if  his  adversary  received 
serious  damage,  he  would  steam  within  the  line  of  juris- 
diction for  protection,  determined  to  run  under  her 
stern  and  rake  her.  To  avoid  this,  Semmes,  the  com- 
mander of  the  "  Alabama,"  sheered,  and  so  keeping 
broadside  on  to  the  "  Kearsarge,"  the  vessels  were  forced 
into  a  circular  track. 

At  the  seventh  rotation  the  "  Alabama"  was  disabled 
and  made  for  the  shore,  but  another  shot  brought  down 
the  rebel  flag,  and  a  white  one  was  run  up.     An  officer 


from  the  "  Alabama"  came  alongside  the  "  Kearsarge" 
and  surrendered  his  vessel,  reporting  her  in  a  sinking 
condition.  In  twenty  minutes  after  this  the  "Alabama" 
sank.  In  spite  of  the  surrender  and  demand  for  assist- 
ance, Semmes,  and  many  of  his  officers  and  crew,  escaped 
in  the  "  Deerhound."  The  remainder  were  picked  up  by 
the  "  Kearsarge's"  boats.  Only  three  men  of  the  "  Kear- 
sarge" were  wounded  in  this  remarkable  combat.  The 
number  of  killed  and  wounded  on  board  the  "Alabama" 
has  never  been  given.  Seventeen  men,  who  were 
wounded,  were  picked  up  by  the  victors.  The  battery 
of  the  "  Kearsarge"  consisted  of  seven  guns — two  eleven- 
inch  Dahlgren,  one  30-pounder  rifle,  and  four  light  32- 
pounders.  That  of  the  "  Alabama"  consisted  of  eight 
guns, — one  heavy  68-pounder,  weighing  nine  thousand 
pounds;  one  100-pound  rifle,  and  six  heavy  32-pounders. 
For  this  gallant  action,  the  only  action  at  sea  during  the 
war,  when  the  conditions  were  not  those  of  surprise, 
Winslow  was  promoted  to  be  commodore  from  July  19, 
1864. 

In  1866  he  was  ordered  to  command  the  Gulf  Squad- 
ron, which  he  retained  until  1867.  He  was  comman- 
dant of  the  Portsmouth  Navy- Yard  from  1868  to  1871. 
Commissioned  as  rear-admiral  March  2,  1870.  Com- 
manded the  Pacific  Fleet  in  1871-72.     Died,  September, 

iS73- 

Whenever    the   action    of    the    "  Alabama"    and    the 

"  Kearsarge"  is  mentioned,  naval  men  will  bear  in  mind 
his  first  lieutenant,  James  S.  Thornton,  who  died,  a  cap- 
tain in  the  navy,  on  the  rqth  of  May,  1875,  at  Philadelphia. 


46.8 


OFFICERS   OF   THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


COMMANDER   WILLIAM  CLINTON  WISE,  U.S.N. 

Commander  William  Clinton  Wise  was  born  at 
Lewisburg,  Greenbrier  Counts',  Virginia  (which  count}- 
is  now  embraced  in  the  State  of  West  Virginia),  on  the 
8th  of  November,  1842. 

He  was  appointed  an  acting  midshipman  from  the 
State  of  Kentucky,  and  entered  the  Naval  Academy  in 
September,  i860.  Those  were  times  which  proved  what 
men  were,  and  young  Wise  remained  firmly  loyal.  The 
Naval  Academy  was  removed,  temporarily,  to  Newport, 
Rhode  Island  ;  and,  as  the  war  assumed  a  more  and  more- 
serious  nature,  the  midshipmen  were  advanced  in  their 
studies  as  rapidly  as  possible.  Wise  was  one  of  those 
who  were  sent  out,  with  the  rank  of  ensign,  just  three 
years  after  he  had  entered  the  Academy. 

His  first  ship  was  the  "  New  Ironsides,"  off  Charleston, 
where  he  served  on  picket  and  signal  chit)-,  and  in  the 
general  bombardments,  as  divisional-officer.  He  also 
served  in  the  expedition  to  Jacksonville.  When  the 
"  Ironsides"  was  ordered  North  for  repairs  in  1864,  he 
was  detached  and  ordered  to  the  "  Canandaigua,"  and 
was  aid  to  Captain  J.  F.  Green,  commanding  the  in-shore 
squadron  flag-ship  "John  Adams." 

In  August,  1864,  he  was  detached  and  ordered,  as  aid 
to  Commodore  Stephen  C.  Rowan,  for  duty  in  the  great 
Sounds  of  North  Carolina,  but,  those  operations  having 
been  put  an  end  to,  he  was  next  ordered  to  the  steam- 
frigate  "  Minnesota,"  the  flag-ship  of  Commodore  Lanman, 


-  commanding  the  Second  Division  of  Admiral  Pinter's 
fleet.  In  that  ship  he  participated  in  both  bombardments 
of  Fort  Fisher,  and  the  final  capture  of  that  stronghold. 
After  the  fall  of  Fort  Fisher,  Wise  was  detached  from  the 
"  Minnesota"  and  ordered  to  the  command  of  the  steamer 
"  Malvern,"  Admiral  Porter's  flag-ship,  being  then  twenty- 
two  years  <  >f  age.  He  commanded  that  vessel  during  the 
attacks  upon  Forts  Anderson  and  Strong,  and  the  various 
batteries  on  the  Cape  Fear  River,  which  resulted  in  the 
e\  acuation  of  Wilmington,  North  Carolina,  the  "  Malvern" 
being  the  first  vessel  to  reach  that  city. 

After  the  Cape  Fear  River  was  closed  to  the  blockade- 
runners,  which  had  so  freely  availed  themselves  of  that  safe 
and  convenient  resort,  the  "  Malvern"  went  up  the  James 
River,  and  participated  in  the  exciting  events  attending 
the  close  of  the  war. 

She  was  the  hist  vessel  to  reach  Richmond  after  the 
evacuation,  and  was  then  honored  by  the  presence  of 
President  Lincoln. 

Lieutenant  Wise  was  recommended  for  promotion  by 
the  board  of  1866.  In  the  mean  time — June,  1865 — he 
joined  the  flag-ship  "  Hartford,"  Admiral  II.  H.  Bell,  on 
the  Asiatic  Station,  and  from  her  was  transferred  to  the 
"  Wachusett,"  Commander  Townsend,  on  the  same  sta- 
tion. Here  he  served  in  a  landing  party,  in  Northern 
China,  in  breaking  up  a  band  of  land-pirates  which  the 
native  authorities  were  afraid  to  attack.  In  the  same 
vessel  he  served,  under  Commander  Shufeldt,  in  investi- 
gating the  circumstances  of  the  massacre  of  the  crew  of 
an  American  schooner  by  the  Coreans.  That  vessel  was 
afterwards  employed  in  surveying  the  almost  unknown 
Corean  coast. 

Upon  his  return  from  the  Fast,  Lieutenant  Wise  was 
employed  at  the  Naval  Academy  during  the  practise 
cruise  of  1 869,  and  in  1870  was  the  navigating-officer  of 
the  monitor  "  Miantonomah." 

His  next  service  was  in  the  U.  S.  S.  "  Brooklyn/' on 
the  European  Station,  where  he  remained  nearly  three 
years,  visiting  a  great  number  of  English  and  Continental 
ports.  After  his  return  he  was  ordered  to  the  "  Ajax," 
West  India  Station  ;  the  receiving-ship  "  Vermont,"  where 
he  was  on  duty  in  1X74-75;  the  flag-ship  "  Tennessee," 
on  the  Asiatic  Station,  in  1875-76;  and  commanded  the 
"  Palos,"  on  the  same  station,  in  i^//-/^. 

Commander  Wise  has  since  commanded  the  "  Ports- 
mouth" and  "Juniata,"  and  served  on  several  shore 
stations. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


469 


CAPTAIN  FRANCIS  WISTER,    U.S.A.    (resigned). 

Captain  Francis  Wister  was  educated  at  the  Uni- 
versity "f  Pennsylvania,  and  graduated  from  that  insti- 
tution in  the  Class  of  i860. 

August  5,  1 86 1,  in  the  early  part  of  the  Civil  War,  he 
was  appointed  from  State  of  Pennsylvania  as  captain  of 
Twelfth  U.  S.  Infantry.  At  the  time  this  appointment  was 
made  Captain  Wister  was  barely  of  age ;  as  soon  as  the 
appointment  reached  him,  Captain  Wister  hastened  to 
join  his  regiment.  He  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Gaines' 
Mill,  Turkey  Bend  (here  supporting  the  batteries),  Mal- 
vern Hill,  second  Bull  Run,  Antietam,  Fredericksburg, 
Chancellorsville,  and  Gettysburg.  Captain  Wister  was 
brevetted  major  of  U.  S.  Army,  January  3,  1863,  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of  Chancel- 
lorsville, Virginia,  and  brevetted  lieutenant-colonel,  July 
2,  1863,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle 
of  Gettysburg,  Pennsylvania.  In  this  battle  he  was  sec- 
ond in  command  of  his  battalion,  and  gave  all  the  orders 
during  the  battle. 

In  September,  1863,  Captain  Wister  was  ordered  on 
recruiting  service  as  one  of  the  officers  of  his  regiment, 
having  seen  the  longest  service  in  the  field. 

After  serving  on  this  duty  for  a  year,  he,  in  Septem- 
ber, 1864,  again  returned  to  the  army  ami  took  com- 
mand of  his  regiment,  which  took  part  in  several  affairs 
in  the  vicinity  of  Hatcher's  Run.  Soon  after  this  his 
regiment,  the  Twelfth  U.  S.  Infantry,  was  ordered  to 
New  York,  and  Captain  Wister  was  appointed  senior  . 
aide-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  Major-General  A.  A. 
Humphries.  Serving  in  that  capacity,  he  remained  in 
the  field  until  after  the  surrender  of  General  Lee. 

Immediately  after  Lee's  surrender  to  General  Grant, 
Captain  Wister  was,  on  April  21,  1865,  appointed  colonel 
of  the  Two  Hundred  and  Fifteenth  Pennsylvania  Volun- 
teers, and  by  selection  of  General  Parke  was  given  com- 


mand of  a  provisional  brigade  at  Washington,  this  brig- 
ade consisting  of  an  Ohio  regiment,  an  Indiana  regiment, 
and  the  Two  Hundred  and  Fifteenth  Pennsylvania  Vol- 
unteer Infantry. 

On  July  31,  1865,  he  was  honorably  mustered  out  of 
volunteer  service,  and  took  command  of  his  company  in 
the  Twelfth  Infantry.  He  only  served  with  his  regiment 
eight  months  after  this,  for,  on  April  17,  1866,  he  re- 
signed his  commission  and  was  honorably  discharged. 
He,  since  1866,  has  been  engaged  in  commercial  pur- 
suits. 

Colonel  Wister  is  an  active  and  enthusiastic  member 
of  the  Pennsylvania  Commandery  of  the  Military  Order 
of  the  Loyal  Legion  of  United  States.  He  was  one  of  the 
first  officers  to  join  the  Loyal  Legion,  and  has  always 
taken  a  warm  and  active  interest  in  the  success  of  the 
order.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the  United  Service- 
Club  of  Philadelphia. 


4/0 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


CAPTAIN  AND  BREVET  MAJOR  CHARLES  TRIPLER 
WITHERELL,  U.S.A. 
Captain  and  Brevet  Major  Charles  Tripler  With- 
erell  (Nineteenth  Infantry)  was  born  in  Maine,  Octo- 
ber ii,  1837.  He  entered  the  volunteer  service  as  ser- 
geant of  Company  K,  Sixth  Maine  Infantry,  May  7, 
1 861,  and  was  discharged  March  10,  1862,  to  accept  the 


appointment  of  second  lieutenant  in  the  same  regiment. 
He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant  February  12,  1863,  and 
captain  August  13,  1863.  He  served  in  the  Arm)-  of 
the  Potomac  during  the  War  of  the  Rebellion,  and  par- 
ticipated in  the  Rappahannock  campaign,  being  engaged 
in  the  battle  of  Marye's  Heights,  Virginia,  May  2,  1S63. 
He  also  participated  in  the  Shenandoah  campaign  of 
1864,  and  was  present  in  all  its  operations  and  engage- 
ments, being  wounded  four  times. 

Captain  Witherell  was  transferred  to  the  First  Maine 
Veteran  Infantry,  August  21,  1864,  and  honorably  mus- 
tered out  of  the  volunteer  service  June  28,  1865. 

He  entered  the  regular  service  by  appointment  from 
ci\  il  life  as  first  lieutenant  of  the  Twenty-eighth  Infantry, 
July  28,  1 866,  and  was  brevetted  captain,  March  2,  1867, 
for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of 
Marye's  Heights,  Virginia,  and  major,  March  2,  1867, 
for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  battle  of  Rap- 
pahannock Station,  Virginia.  He  received  the  brevet  of 
major  of  volunteers,  October  19,  1864,  for  gallant  con- 
duct during  the  whole  campaign  before  Richmond,  and 
especially  in  the  battles  of  Winchester,  Fisher's  Hill,  and 
Cedar  Creek,  Virginia. 

Captain  Witherell  was  transferred,  on  the  consolidation 
of  regiments,  to  the  Nineteenth  Infantry,  March  31,  1868. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


47 ' 


CAPTAIN  EDWARD  E.    WOOD,  U.S.A. 

Captain  Edward  E.  Wood  (Eighth  Cavalry)  was 
born  September  17,  1846,  and  is  a  native  of  the  State  of 
Pennsylvania.  He  enlisted  September  8,  1862,  in  the 
Seventeenth  Pennsylvania  Cavalry,  a  regiment  then  being 
organized  under  the  call  for  three  regiments  of  cavalry 
made  upon  Pennsylvania  just  before  the  battle  of  An- 
tietam. 

After  serving  some  time  as  a  private,  he  was  ap- 
pointed commissary  sergeant  of  Company  C  of  his  regi- 
ment. He  was  captured  in  a  skirmish  at  Occoquan, 
Virginia,  December  27,  1862,  and  was  confined  in  the 
prison  of  Castle  Thunder,  Richmond.  He  was  acting 
first  sergeant  of  his  company  from  the  latter  part  of 
November,  1863,  until  April,  1864,  when  he  was  ap- 
pointed first  sergeant.  He  was  made  first  lieutenant  from 
first  sergeant  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
the  first  lieutenant  at  the  battle  of  Meadow  Bridge,  May 
12,  1864,  and  was  mustered  in  July  22,  1864.  From 
August,  1864,  he  was  in  command  of  his  company  until 
after  the  battle  of  Winchester,  September,  1864,  when  he 
was  appointed  acting  adjutant  of  his  regiment.  He 
served  as  acting  adjutant  until  June,  1865.  He  then 
served  on  the  staff  of  the  First  Cavalry  Division,  Army 
of  the  Potomac,  as  adjutant  commissary  of  musters  until 
the  breaking  up  of  the  division  organization  caused  by 
the  muster  out  of  the  volunteer  forces.  He  was  honor- 
ably mustered  out  at  Louisville,  Kentucky,  August  7, 
1865.  He  served  with  the  Seventeenth  Pennsylvania 
Cavalry  in  the  First  Division,  Cavalry  Corps,  Army  of 
the  Potomac,  and  was  present  at  the  campaigns,  raids, 
battles,  and  skirmishes   thereof,   including    Kilpatrick's 


and  Sheridan's  Richmond  raids,  Winchester,  Five  Forks, 
and  Appomattox. 

He  was  appointed  cadet  at  the  United  States  Military 
Academy,  West  Point,  after  competitive  examination 
therefor  in  his  Congressional  district,  June,  1866,  and 
was  graduated, .June,  1870,  with  the  standing  of  number 
six  in  a  class  of  fifty-eight  members.  He  was  then  com- 
missioned second  lieutenant  in  the  Eighth  Cavalry  ;  first 
lieutenant  July  31,  1873,  and  captain  January  20,  1886. 
He  was  aide-de-camp  to  Major-General  Schofield  from 
June,  1879,  to  November,  1882,  and  has  been  assistant 
professor  of  French,  and  also  of  Spanish,  at  the  United 
States  Military  Academy,  and  instructor  in  French, 
Spanish,  and  English. 


47- 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  regular) 


COMMANDER   GEORGE   WORTHINGTON   WOOD, 
U.S.N. 

Commander  George  Worthington  Wood  was  born 
in  the  city  of  Dublin,  Ireland,  in  May,  1S43.  He  was 
appointed  a  midshipman  from  the  State  of  Pennsylvania 
in  1859,  and  remained  at  the  Naval  Academy,  Annapolis, 
until  1 86 1.  At  the  breaking  out  of  the  Civil  War  he 
was  sent  to  the  frigate  "  St.  Lawrence,"  in  the  North 
Atlantic  Squadron.  He  was  present  when  that  ship 
destroyed  the  privateer  "  Petrel,"  off  Charleston. 

In  1862  he  was  attached  to  the  steam-sloop  "  Oneida," 
in  the  West  Gulf  Blockading  Squadron,  which  ship  was 
detailed  on  six  different  occasions  to  draw  the  fire  of  forts 
and  batteries  below  New  Orleans  from  the  mortar-vessels 
which  were  then  bombarding  the  forts.  He  commanded 
the  after  eleven-inch  gun  on  one  of  these  occasions,  when 
it  was  disabled,  and  more  than  half  its  crew  killed  or 
wounded.  Served  at  the  passage  of  Forts  Jackson  and 
St.  Philip,  the  destruction  of  the  Confederate  flotilla  and 
transports,  and  the  capture  of  the  Chalmette  batteries. 
Commanded  howitzer  in  the  landing  party  which  forced 
the  surrender  of  Natchez,  May  12,  1862.  Engagement 
with  the  Vicksburg  batteries  and  passage  up  the  river  in 
June,  1862.  Present  at  the  engagement  with  the  Con- 
federate iron-clad  "Arkansas,"  July,  1862,  and  in  the 
same  month  with  the  batteries  at  Vicksburg  on  the 
passage  of  the  fleet  down  the  river. 

Commander  Wood  was  promoted  to  the  grade  of 
ensign  in  February,  1863,  and  served  on  board  the 
frigate  "Sabine"  a  few  months  of  that  year.  He  was 
attached  to  the  steam-sloop  "  Dacotah,"  of  the  North 
Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron,  after  this,  and  on  Feb- 
ruary 22,  1864,  was  commissioned  a  lieutenant.  In 
1S64-65  he  was  attached  to  the  iron-clad  "  Roanoke," 
at  the  mouths  of  the  James  and  the  Potomac,  employed 


in  guarding  the  prison  camps.  In  February,  1865, 
Lieutenant  Wood  had  charge  of  an  expedition  of  ten 
boats  and  one  hundred  and  fifty  men,  which  entered 
Pagan  Creek,  a  tributary  of  the  James,  and  captured  a 
torpedo-boat  and  outfit,  designed  for  the  destruction  of 
the  three-turretted  "  Roanoke."  In  the  report  of  the 
Secretary  of  the  Navy  for  1865,  we  find  the  following 
reports  : 

"United  States  Steamer  'Powhatan,' 

"  Hampton  Roads,  February  7,  1865. 

"  Silt, —  I  have  the  honor  to  report  that  on  Sunday,  the  5th  instant,  Brig- 
adier-General C.  K.  Graham  sent  an  officer  of  his  staff  to  inform  me  that  he 
was  now  ready  for  an  expedition  to  Pagan  Creek  and  vicinity,  in  search  of 
torpedo-boats,  which  expedition  had  been  delayed  in  consequence  of  the  ice. 
and  asked  my  co-operation  with  two  armed  launches  and  a  sufficient  number 
of  bi  its  to  land  one  hundred  and  fifty  men.  In  compliance  with  this  request, 
.it  >>  P.M.  I  despatched  the  steamer  '  I  ielaware'  with  the  two  launches  and  the 
fhrei  cutters,  all  the  available  boats  of  this  ship,  and  two  boats  from  the 
'Alabama,'  having  previously  directed  Captain  Kilty,  of  the  '  Roanoke,' to 
have  three  boats  in  readiness  to  join  the  expedition  at  Newport  News  at  8  P.M. 
111.  expedition  returned  to  the  ship  this  morning  at  2  A.M.,  having  succeeded 
in  capturing  a  torpedo  and  a  boat,  and  rebel  naval  officer,  Ensign  Heines. 
For  further  particulars  I  refer  you  to  the  enclosed  letter  of  General  Graham. 
Lieutenant  George  \Y.  Wood,  of  the  '  Roanoke,'  was  the  senior  naval  officer 
engaged  in  this  expedition,  whose  report  will  be  forwarded  to  the  department 
as  soon  as  I  receive  it. 

"  I  regret  to  add  that  one  of  the  men  of  this  ship,  Svena  Svendson,  ordinary 
seaman,  was  accidentally  wounded,  seriously,  but  not  dangerously. 

"  Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

"  J.    1'.   SCHENCK, 
"Commodore,  and  Senior  Officer  present. 

"  Hon.  Gideon  Welles, 

"  Secretary  of  the  Navy,  Washington,  D.  C." 

Complimentary  letter  of  Brigadier-General  Charles  K. 
Graham  to  Commodore  J.  F.  Schenck  : 

"  Head-quarters  Naval  Brigade, 

[No.  2.]  "  JAMES   River,   February  6,  i8"5. 

"  COMMODORE, — .1  desire  to  express  my  thanks  for  the  important  assistance 
rendered  by  Lieutenant  Wood,  of  the  navy,  and  the  officers  and  men  under 
his  command,  on  the  banks  of  the  James  River  and  on  Chuckatuck  Creek, 
last  night  and  this  morning,  and  my  approbation  of  the  manner  in  which  they 
subsequentl)  searched  the  creek-  .mil  banks  adjoining  fones's  and  <  'huekatuek. 
Pagan  Creek  was  likewise  thoroughly  examined  for  a  distance  of  three  miles 

above  Smithfield  by  boals  belonging  to  my  own  command.    Lieutenant  W 1 

had  the  good  fortune  to  capture  in  Jones's  » Ireek  a  torpedo-boat  and  a  tor- 
pedo  weighing  seventy-live  pounds,  already  adjusted;  and  Major  Hassler,  of 
this  command,  captured  Ensign  Heines,  of  the  Confederate  navy,  who  was 
the  leader  in  the  destruction  of  a  schooner  in  Warwick  River  last  fall,  and  a 
participator  in  destroying  the  tug-boat  '  Lizzie  Freeman,"  off  Pagan  Creek. 
December  last. 

"  I  am  also  under  obligation  to  Acting  Master  Eldridge,  of  the  steamer 
'  Delaware,'  and  to  the  officers  of  the  vessels  stationed  off  Pagan  Creek,  for 
the  assistance  rendered  by  them. 

"  I  am,  very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

1  11  \rles  K.  Graham, 

"  Brigadier-  General. 

1    1  IMMODORK  J.    F.   SCHENCK, 

"  Commanding  United  States  Steamer  '  Powhatan.'  " 

Commander  Wood  became  a  lieutenant-commander  in 
1866,  and  has  since  seen  much  sea-service  on  the  North 
Pacific,  South  Atlantic,  and  other  stations,  besides  prac- 
tice-ship and  navy-yard  duty,  and  a  torpedo  cruise.  He 
was  promoted  commander  in  February,  1878. 


WHO  SERVED  IN  THE  CIVIL    WAR. 


473 


LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  AND   BREVET  COLONEL   H. 
CLAY   WOOD,    U.S.A. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  axd  Brevet  Colonel  H.  Clay 
Wood  (Adjutant-General's  Department)  was  born  in 
Maine  May  26,  1832.  He  entered  the  regular  service 
from  civil  life,  having  been  appointed  second  lieutenant 
of  the  First  Infantry  June  27,  1856.  He  served  on  the 
frontier,  and  was  at  Fort  Leavenworth  in  1861.  He  was 
promoted  first  lieutenant  May  10,  1861  ;  transferred  to 
the  Eleventh  Infantry  May  14,  1 861,  and  promoted  cap- 
tain October  24,  1861. 

He  served  during  the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  and  was 
ordnance  officer  on  the  staff  of  General  Fremont  in  1862. 
He  participated  in  the  Missouri  campaign,  and  was  en- 
gaged in  the  actions  of  Independence,  Dug  Spring,  and 
battle  of  Wilson's  Creek,  where  he  was  slightly  wounded. 
He  was  subsequently  ordered  to  duty  in  the  provost- 
marshal's  office  at  Washington  City,  where  he  remained 
until  1864.  He  was  appointed  major  and  assistant  adju- 
tant-general June  24,  1864,  and  on  duty  in  the  Adjutant- 
General's  Office,  at  Washington,  D.  C,  until  September, 
1867. 

Colonel  Wood  was  brevetted  lieutenant-colonel  March 
1  t,,    1865,   for   gallant   and    meritorious   services   in    the 


battle  of  Wilson's  Creek,  Missouri,  and  colonel,  the  same 
date,  for  diligent,  faithful,  and  meritorious  services  in  the 
Adjutant-General's  Department  during  the  war. 

He  was  assistant  adjutant-general  of  the  Third  Military 
District  of  Georgia  until  January,  1868,  and  then  trans- 
ferred to  the  Department  of  the  Lakes,  and  at  various 
other  stations  since  that  time. 


60 


474 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  (regular) 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL  AND  BREVET  MAJOR-GENERAL 
THOMAS  J.  WOOD.    U.S.A.    (retired). 

Brigadier-General  and  Brevet  Major-General 
Thomas  J.  Wood  was  born  on  September  25,  1823,  in 
Mumfordville,  Hart  Count}-,  Kentucky.  His  ancestors, 
for  nearly  two  centuries,  through  colonial  times,  resided 
in  Virginia,  and  migrated  to  Kentucky  near  the  close  of 
the  eighteenth  century,  when  the  region  in  which  they 
settled  was  a  wilderness,  infested  by  Indians,  rendering  it 
necessary  for  the  pioneers  "  to  fort."  He  entered  the 
Military  Academy  July  1,  i84l,and  was  at  the  Academy 
with  many  cadets  who,  subsequently  as  officers,  achieved 
great  distinction  in  the  Mexican  War,  and  more  especially 
in  the  war  for  the  suppression  of  "  The  Great  Rebellion." 
First  among  these  must  always  be  named  General  Grant. 
He  and  T.J.  Wood  during  one  term  occupied  a  room  to- 
gether; then  was  commenced  an  acquaintance  and  friend- 
ship which  remained  unbroken  till  the  great  soldier  and 
ex-President  departed  this  life.  McClellan,  Hancock, 
Stone,  Gordon,  Granger,  W.  F.  Smith,  and  others  who 
distinguished  themselves  in  the  nation, d  armies  were  also 
at  the  Academy  with  T.  J.  Wood. 

He  graduated  July  1,  1 S45 ,  and  was  promoted  brevet 
second  lieutenant  of  Topographical  Engineers  the  same 
day.  He  was  ordered  to  report  for  duty  to  General 
Zachary  Taylor,  in  command  of  "The  Army  of  Occu- 
pation," head-quarters  at  Corpus  Christi,  Texas.  After 
a  dreary  winter,  1845-1846,  passed  under  canvas  at  Corpus 
Christi,  in  March,  1846,  the  Army  of  Occupation  marched 
to  the  Rio  Grande,  which  brought  on  war  with  Mexico, 
and  the  battles  of  Palo  Alto  and  Resaca  de  la  Palma  were 
fought,  in  which  Lieutenant  Wood  was  engaged.  He  then 
participated  in  the  occupation  of  Matamoras,  capture  of 
Monterey,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Buena  Vista, 
in  which  four  thousand  five  hundred  American  soldiers, 
under  General  Taylor,  defeated   and   routed   more  than 


twenty  thousand  Mexican  troops.  Lieutenant  Wood  was 
transferred  to  the  Second  Dragoons,  October  19,  1846, 
and  promoted  second  lieutenant,  December  2,  1846,  and, 
as  active  operations  on  General  Taylor's  line  ceased  after 
the  battle  of  Buena  Vista,  Lieutenant  Wood  was  trans- 
ferred, at  his  own  request,  to  the  arm}-  under  General 
Scott,  in  the  City  of  Mexico,  and  remained  with  that 
army  until  the  close  of  the  war,  and  was  brevetted  first 
lieutenant,  February  23,  1847, for  gallant  and  meritorious 
conduct  in  the  battle  of  Buena  Vista.  He  was  promoted 
first  lieutenant,  June  30,  1851. 

In  the  autumn  of  1848  he  accompanied  his  regiment 
to  the  Indian  frontier  of  Texas.  He  was  encased  on 
frontier  service  from  the  autumn  of  1848  to  the  autumn 
of  1859.  During  this  interim  lie  was  transferred  from 
his  old  regiment,  the  Second  Dragoons,  to  a  captaincy  in 
the  First  Cavalry,  a  new  regiment  added  to  the  arm}-  in 
1 85 5.  On  leave  from  early  in  i860  to  March  30,  1861  ; 
visited  every  capital  in  Europe  but  Madrid  ami  Lisbon. 
He  reported  to  the  War  Department  for  duty;  was  or- 
dered to  Indiana  to  muster  in  the  quota  of  that  State;  he 
remained  in  Indiana  on  mustering  duty  from  April,  1861, 
to  October,  i86i,and  in  theinterval  organized,  equipped, 
mustered  into  service,  and  sent  into  the  field  forty  thou- 
sand volunteers.  In  October,  1861,  he  was  appointed 
brigadier-general  U.  S.  Volunteers,  and  ordered  to  rep  rrt 
to  General  W.  T.  Sherman. 

General  Wood  commanded  a  division  in  the  march  to 
and  capture  of  Corinth  ;  then  participated  in  the  race  to 
Louisville,  ami  engaged  at  Perryville,  October  8,  1862. 
He  also  participated  in  the  Murfreesborough  campaign, 
and  was  engaged  at  Stone  River,  December  31,  1862  ;  in 
the  battle  of  Chiekamauga,  September  19-20,  1863;  in 
the  battle  of  Missionary  Ridge,  November  25,  1S63,  when 
his  division  was  the  first  body  of  troops  to  reach  the 
crest;  in  the  Atlanta  campaign  of  1864,  and  participated 
in  all  the  important  battles  and  actions  of  that  campaign. 
At  Lovejoy's  Station  General  Wood  was  wounded,  but 
never  left  the  field.  He  succeeded  to  the  command  of 
the  Twenty-fourth  Army  Corps,  which  he  commanded 
in  the  battle  of  Nashville,  Tennessee,  December  15-16, 
1864,  and  in  pursuit  of  the  retreating  rebel  arm}-. 

He  was  promoted  major,  First  Cavalry,  March  \(i; 
lieutenant-colonel,  Fourth  Cavalry,  May  9,  and  colonel, 
Second  Cavalry,  November  12,  1861  ;  appointed  major- 
general  of  volunteers,  January  2~,  1865  ;  and  brevetted 
brigadier-general,  U.S.A.,  for  Chiekamauga,  and  major- 
general  for  Nashville,  Tennessee. 

He  served  in  various  commands  until  mustered  out  of 
volunteer  service,  September  1,  1866.  He  was  then  or- 
dered to  the  Indian  frontier,  but,  on  account  of  disability 
from  wounds,  was  retired  as  major-general  June  9,  1868, 
but  subsequently  changed  to  brigadier-general  by  law  of 
March  3,  1875. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


475 


MAJOR  AND  BREVET  LIEUTENANT-COLONEL  ALFRED 
A.  WOODHULL,  U.S.A. 

M  \|oR  and  Brevet  Lieutenant-Colonel  Alfred  A. 
Woodhull  (Medical  Dept.)  was  born  at  Princeton,  N.  J., 
April  13,  1837;  he  was  graduated  at  that  college  in  1856, 
receiving  the  degrees  of  A.B.  and  A.M.  in  course,  and  in 
medicine  at  the  Univ.  of  Perm,  in  I  859.  He  practised  medi- 
cine in  Douglas  Co.,  Kan.,  from  July,  1859,  to  Aug.,  1861. 

Immediately  after  the  attack  on  Sumter  he  took  an 
active  part  in  organizing  a  company  of  mounted  rifles 
for  the  Kansas  militia,  and  was  made  its  second  lieutenant. 
He  also  qualified  by  examination  for  appointment  as  sur- 
geon of  Kansas  volunteers.  In  Aug.,  1 86 1 ,  he  was  exam- 
ined by  the  Army  Medical  Board,  New  York,  and  was  ap- 
pointed assistant  surgeon  Sept.  19,  1861,  and  attached  to 
Second  U.  S.  Infantry.  He  also  did  duty  with  troops  ol 
all  arms  in  Washington  in  the  winter  of  1861-62,  and 
took  the  field  with  Second  Infantry  in  March,  1862,  re- 
maining with  that  regiment,  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
doing  duty  on  occasions  with  the  other  regiments  of  the 
Second  Brigade  of  Sykes's  division,  until  the  last  of  Nov., 
1862.  He  was  present  on  the  field  with  the  command  in 
all  its  operations  during  that  period,  including  the  siege  of 
Yorktown,  the  battles  of  Gaines'  Mill  and  Malvern  Hill 
in  the  Seven  Days,  the  camp  at  Harrison's  Landing,  the 
march  to  and  participation  in  the  battles  of  second  Bull 
Run  and  Antietam,  the  affair  at  Shcpherdstown  Ford 
(where  he  acted  as  aid  to  the  brigade  commander),  the 
skirmish  at  Snicker's  Gap  (with  Sixth  Infantry),  and  was 
several  times  commended  in  the  official  reports. 

In  December,  1862,  he  was  temporarily  in  charge  of  a 
general  hospital  in  Baltimore,  and  until  November,  1863, 
was  executive-officer  to  the  medical  director  of  the  Middle 
Department,  who  at  that  time  was  charged  with  the  man- 
agement of  forty  thousand  beds  in  general  hospitals  and 
their  necessary  staff,  besides  the  medical  control  of  Eighth 
Army  Corps.  From  Nov.,  1863,  to  May,  1864,  he  was  on 
similar  duty  with  the  medical  director  of  Department  of 
Va.  and  N.  C.  at  Fort  Monroe,  and  early  in  May,  1864, 
took  the  field  in  the  same  capacity  with  the  Army  of  the 
James.  He  remained  in  the  field,  as  assistant  to  the 
medical  director  and  for  the  greater  part  of  the  time  as 
acting  medical  inspector,  Army  of  the  James,  until  May, 
1865,  and  was  present  at  the  more  important  collisions 
with  the  enemy,  including  the  surrender  at  Appomattox. 

After  a  short  hospital  service  near  Bermuda  Hundred 
he  was — June,  1865 — detailed  in  the  Surgeon-General's 
Office  to  prepare  a  descriptive  catalogue  of  the  surgical 
section  of  the  Army  Medical  Museum,  containing  at  that 
time  more  than  four  thousand  seven  hundred  specimens. 

He  was  on  board  and  other  temporary  duty  at  West 
Point  a  part  of  the  summer  and  autumn,  1867,  and,  later, 
prepared  at  the  Surgeon-General's  Office  a  medical  report 
upon  soldiers'   uniform   clothing.      He  was   recorder  of 


the  Army  Medical  Board,  New  York,  May  to  Novem- 
ber, 1868. 

He  received  the  brevets  of  captain,  major,  and  lieuten- 
ant-colonel, for  "faithful  and  meritorious  services  during 
the  war,"  to  date  from  March  13,  1865  ;  attained  the  rank 
of  captain  in  the  Medical  Department  July  26,  1866,  and 
that  of  major  October  1,  1876. 

I  [e  was  on  duty  at  numerous  posts  in  the  West  and  dif- 
ferent parts  of  the  country  to  September,  1 88 1,  when  he 
availed  himself  of  a  leave  of  absence  for  six  months,  and 
then  served  at  various  posts  to  May,  1891.  lie  repre- 
sented Medical  Department,  U.S.A.,  at  the  International 
Congress  of  Hygiene  and  Dermography,  London,  and 
was  on  special  duty,  studying  the  equipment  and  admin- 
istration of  the  Medical  Department  of  the  British  army, 
July  to  Dec,  1 89 1.  In  charge  of  Army  and  Navy  Gen- 
eral Hospital,  Hot  Springs,  Ark.,  from  Feb.,  1892.  Lt.- 
Col.  Woodhull  was  the  gold  medallist  of  the  Military  Ser- 
vice Institution,  for  the  prize  essay  on  "  The  Enlisted  Sol- 
dier," 1886.  While  at  Fort  Leavenworth  he  lectured  on 
military  hygiene  in  the  Infantry  and  Cavalry  School. 

Colonel  Woodhull  has  published  the  following  works : 
"Catalogue  of  the  Surgical  Section  of  the  Army  Medical 
Museum,"  4to,  pp.  664,  1866  ;  "  Medical  Report  upon  the 
Uniform  and  Clothing  of  the  Soldiers  of  the  United  States 
Army,"  8vo,  pp.  26,  1868;  "  Clinical  Studies  in  the  Non- 
Emetic  Use  of  Ipecacuanha,"  Svo,  pp.  155,  1876;  "On 
the  Causes  of  the  Epidemic  of  Yellow  Fever  at  Savan- 
nah in  1876;"  prize  essay,  "The  Enlisted  Soldier;" 
"  Notes  on  Military  Hygiene  for  Officers  of  the  Line," 
1  21110,  pp.  150,  1890;  and  occasional  essays. 

Lt.-Col.  Woodhull  springs  from  good  American  stock, 
being  of  the  eighth  generation  from  the  first  of  the  name 
who  settled  on  Long  Island  in  1648,  and  having  among 
his  direct  ancestors  a  signer  of  the  Declaration  (John 
Witherspoon)  and  military  officers  of  the  Revolution. 


476 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  {regular) 


CAPTAIN  CHARLES  A.  WOODRUFF.  U.S.A. 

Captain  Charles  A.  Woodruff  (Subsistence  De- 
partment) was  bom  at  Burke,  Vermont,  April  26,  1845. 
He  enlisted  in  Company  A,  Tenth  Vermont  Volunteers, 
June  5,  1862,  and  served  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
with  the  First  Brigade,  Third  Division,  Third  Corps,  and 
First  Brigade,  Third  Division,  Sixth  Corps.  He  was  in 
the  field  continuously  as  private,  corporal,  and  sergeant, 
until  severely  wounded  at  Cold  Harbor,  Virginia,  June  3, 
1864  (slightly  wounded  three  times,  June  I).  He  was 
then  commissioned  second  lieutenant,  but  not  mustered 
on  account  of  wounds,  and  subsequently  discharged  for 
disability,  wounds,  August  18,  1S65.  He  was  pensioned, 
but  surrendered  the  same  from  September,  1866.  He 
was  a  cadet  at  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy  from  July  1, 
1867,  to  June  12,  1 87 1,  when  he  was  graduated  and  pro- 
moted second  lieutenant,  Seventh  Infantry. 

lie  served  on  frontier  duty  at  Fort  Shaw,  Montana 
from  September  30,  1871,  to  January,  1872;  at  Fort  Ben- 
tun,  Montana,  to  May  2,  1S72;  at  Fort  Shaw,  Montana, 
to   March    17,  1876,  commanding   mounted  detachment, 


scouting  and  exploring  country  to  Fort  Colville,  Wash- 
ington, August  19  to  October  19,  1873  ;  acting  regimen- 
tal adjutant  and  acting  assistant  adjutant-general,  District 
Montana,  July  to  October,  1874:  commanding  company 
and  mounted  detachment  at  Camp  Lewis,  Montana,  June 
2  to  October  19,  1875,  guarding  stage  road  and  scout- 
ing; he  was  adjutant  of  the  Montana  Infantry  Battalion 
on  Yellowstone  Expedition,  from  March  17  to  Septem- 
ber 5,  1S76,  and  commanded  the  artillery  in  action 
against  Sioux  Indians,  August  2,  1876,  at  the  mouth  of 
Powder  River  ;  he  was  on  leave  of  absence  to  February 
6,  1877  ;  then  at  Fort  Shaw,  Montana,  from  February  6 
to  July  26,  1877,  and  adjutant  of  General  Gibbon's  Nez 
1'eices  Expedition  to  August  9,  being  engaged  in  the 
battle  of  Big  Hole  Pass,  Montana,  August  9,  1877,  where 
he  was  thrice  severely  wounded. 

He  was  promoted  first  lieutenant,  Seventh  Infantry, 
August  9,  1877;  and  was  on  sick-leave  of  absence  from 
October  30,  1877,  to  May,  1878,  when  he  was  appointed 
captain,  staff-commissary  of  subsistence,  March  28,  1878. 
lie  was  on  duty  in  the  commissary-general's  office, 
Washington,  D.  C,  June  4  to  August  15,  1878;  depot 
commissary  at  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kansas,  August  22, 
187S;  acting  chief  commissary  of  subsistence,  Depart- 
ment, Montana,  August  and  September,  1879;  aiu'  act~ 
ing  assistant  adjutant-general,  Department  of  Montana, 
August,  1  879,  to  October  9,  1879;  as  chief  commissary 
of  the  District  of  New  Mexico,  and  post  commissary 
of  subsistence,  Fort  Marcy,  New  Mexico,  to  October  31, 
1884;  acting  as  engineer  officer  and  acting  assistant 
adjutant-general  at  various  times  during  that  period; 
chief  commissary,  Department  of  the  Columbia,  and 
purchasing  and  depot  commissar)-  of  subsistence,  Van- 
couver Barracks,  Washington,  November  17,  1884;  on 
various  staff  duties,  Jul}-  21,  1886,  to  May  14,  1889;  with 
commanding  general  department  during  Chinese  troubles 
at  Seattle,  Washington,  to  July  31,  1889;  and  as  pur- 
chasing and  depot  commissary  of  subsistence  at  San 
Francisco,  California,  August  9,  18S9,  to  present  time, 
[892. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


A77 


COMMANDER  EDWIN  TULLY  WOODWARD,  U.S.N. 
Commander  Edwin  Tulu  Woodward  was  born  in 
Vermont  in  1843,  and  appointed  to  the  Naval  Academy 
in  1S59  from  that  State.  Detached  from  the  Naval 
Academy,  May,  1861,  and  ordered  to  the  U.  S.  frigate 
"Mississippi,"  Gulf  Squadron,  November  4,  1 S6 rt  to 
January  24,  1862,  garrison  Ship  Island;  during  this  time 
was  at  the  capture  of  Biloxi  and  Mississippi  City  in  the 
steamer  "Henry  Lewis"  January  25,  [862;  gunboat 
"  Sciota,"  attack  on  and  passage  of  Forts  Jackson  and 
St.  Philip,  Chalmette  batteries,  and  capture  of  New 
<  Means.  Mentioned  in  despatches  by  Fleet  Captain  Bell. 
Passage  of  Mississippi  River  to  Vicksburg,  capturing 
Baton  Rouge,  Natchez,  and  Port  Gibson.  Two  attacks 
on  Vicksburg  under  Admiral  Farragut,  passing  the  bat- 
teries both  times.  Engagement  with  rebel  ram  "Ar- 
kansas," above  Vicksburg,  and  battle  at  Baton  Rouge, 
when  General  Williams  was  killed,  1862.  Extract  from 
letter  of  Lieutenant  R.  B.  Lowry,  commanding  t;un-boat 
"  Sciota  :" 

"  You  displayed  great  zeal,  ability,  and  fitness  for  a 
naval  officer,  under  the  terrible  fire  of  Forts  Jackson  and 
St.  Philip,  and  the  batteries  of  Chalmette,  and  before 
Vicksburg  you  displayed  coolness  and  courage  most 
commendable  in  any  youth." 

Sloop  "  Cyane,"  Pacific  Squadron,  [863-64.  Com- 
missioned as  lieutenant  February  22,  1864;  steam- 
frigate  "  Minnesota,"  North  Atlantic  Blockading  Squad- 
ron, 1864-65;  two  attacks  on  Fort  Fisher  (in  landing 
party);  steam-sloop  "  Kearsarge,"  cruising  after  rebel 
ram  "Stonewall,"  1865-66.  Commissioned  lieutenant- 
commander  July  25,  1866;  Naval  Academy,  1866-67; 
steam-frigate  "Guerriere,"  flag-ship  South  Atlantic  Squad- 
ron, 1867-68.  Steamers  "  Quinnebaug"  and  "Kansas," 
1  S69.  Ordnance  duty,  navy-yard,  New  York,  1869-71. 
"  Canonicus"  (iron-clad),  North  Atlantic  Station,  1871-72. 
Receiving-ship  "Vermont,"  1873.  "  Brooklyn"  (second 
rate),  flag-ship  South  Atlantic  Squadron,  1874-75  ;  "  Van- 
dalia"  (third  rate),  1875-76;  torpedo  duty,  1877.  Pro- 
moted commander  February  2,  1878.  Navy -yard, 
League  Island,  1879-S0.  Commanding"  Vantic,"  North 
Atlantic  Station,  1881-82.  During  this  time  he  received 
the  thanks  of  the  State  Department.  Commanding  squad- 
ron of  iron-clads,  consisting  of  "  Passaic,"  "  Nantucket," 
and  "Alarm,"  for  instruction,  [884. 


Received  the  following  letter: 

"  Na\  y  Department, 
■■  Washington,  D.  C,  October  8,  1884. 
"Sir, — The  Department  has  received  your  final  report 
of  the  4th  inst.,  in  relation  to  the  cruise  of  the  monitors 
'Passaic,'  'Nantucket,'  and  ram  'Alarm,'  and  your  com- 
mand, together  with  the  reports  of  the  commanding 
officers  of  the  two  last-mentioned  vessels.  The  depart- 
ment desires  to  commend  you  for  the  maimer  in  which 
you  have  carried  out  the  spirit  of  the  instructions  to 
make  the  cruise  one  of  practical  instruction  to  both 
officers  and  men,  and  to  state  that  you  have  commanded 
the  squadron  to  its  satisfaction. 

"  Very  respectfully, 
"  Edward  T.  Nichols, 
"  .  Xcting  Secretary  oj  the  .V 
"Commander  F.  T.  Woodward,  U.S.N., 
"  Commanding  U.  S.  Monitor  '  Passaic,' 
"  Annapolis,  Maryland. 
"  forwarded,  October  9,  18S4. 

"  T.  M.  Ramsey, 
"  Commanding  Station." 

Commanding  "Swatara,"  1885-86,  and  temporary  com- 
mand of  U.  S.  S.  "Terror,"  iSSS.  Commanding  {'.  S.  S. 
"Adams,"  Pacific  Station,  1889-90.  Light-house  inspec- 
tor Tenth  District,   189I-92. 


478 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  (regular) 


COLONEL  GEORGE  A.  WOODWARD,  U.S.A.  (retired). 

Colonel  George  A.  Woodward  was  bom  in  Wilkes- 
Barre,  Pennsylvania,  February  14,  1835.  He  graduated 
15. A.  at  Trinity  College,  Hartford,  Connecticut,  in  June, 
1855.  In  November,  1855,  he  removed  to  Milwaukee, 
Wisconsin,  where  he  continued  the  study  of  the  law, 
already  begun,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  December, 
[856.  He  took  an  active  part  in  military  affairs,  and 
served  at  different  times  as  private  in  the  Milwaukee 
Light-Guard  and  the  Citizen  Corps,  as  sergeant-major 
of  the  Light-Guard  Battalion,  and  captain  and  judge- 
advocate  on  the  division  staff.  In  1858  he  was  elected 
City-  Attorney  of  Milwaukee,  and  on  expiration  of  term 
returned  and  entered  upon  the  practice  of  his  profession 
in  Philadelphia. 

Immediately  after  the  attack  on  Fort  Sumter  he  set 
about  raising  a  company  of  volunteers  for  the  war,  and 
was  mustered  in  as  captain  on  the  27th  of  May,  1861. 
He  was  assigned  to  the  Second  Regiment  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania Reserves  in  June,  1S61.  He  took  the  field  with 
his  regiment  in  July,  1861;  was  promoted  to  major 
April  2,  1862,  and  engaged  at  the  battles  of  Mechanics- 
ville,  Gaines'  Mill,  and  Charles  City  Cross-Roads  (or 
Glendale),  in  which  battle  he  was  twice  wounded  ;  taken 
prisoner  and  confined  in  Libby  Prison,  Richmond,  Vir- 
ginia; promoted  lieutenant-colonel  February  20,  1863; 
commanding  regiment,  and  engaged  at  the  battle  of 
Gettysburg,  July  2-3,  1863;  at  close  of  Gettysburg 
campaign  applied  for  honorable  discharge  on  account  of 
disability  from  wounds;  withdrew  that  application  at 
request  of  division  commander,  by  whom  was  tendered 
the  position  of  inspector-general  of  the  division  ;  pend- 
ing consideration  of  such  tender,  received  an  appointment 
as  major  in  Invalid  Corps,  accompanied  by  a  letter  from 
the  provost-marshal-general  explaining  that  no   higher 


grade  than  that  of  major  had  yet  been  created  in  that 
corps,  but  that  if,  as  was  expected  would  soon  be  the 
case,  higher  grades  should  be  authorized,  his  claim  to 
higher  rank  would  be  duly  considered;  major,  Invalid 
Corps,  August  24,  1S63,  and  lieutenant-colonel  Septem- 
ber 26,  1863;  colonel  December  4,  1S63;  colonel,  Twenty- 
second  Regiment  Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  to  July  20, 1 81  ><  >. 
when  he  was  honorably  mustered  out  of  the  volunteer 
service  ;  performed  duty  commanding  the  depot  camp  of 
the   corps   in   Washington,  and   camps   in   Philadelphia, 
Columbus,  and  Cleveland  ;   tour  of  inspection   duty  to 
Hartford,  Connecticut,  on   returning  from  which  found 
communication  with  Washington  cut  by  enemy  ;  reported 
for  duty  to  General  Cadwalader  in  Philadelphia,  and  by 
his  orders  proceeded  to  Washington,  by  sea,  in  command 
of  five  companies  of  convalescents  organized  from   hos- 
pitals   to    assist    in    defence    of  Washington  ;    being    in 
Washington  awaiting  orders  on  the  night  of  President 
Lincoln's    assassination,    volunteered    his    services,    and 
acted  as  field-officer  of  the  day  in  charge  of  the  special 
guards  established  that   night  ;  accepted  appointment  as 
lieutenant-colonel,  Forty-fifth  Infantry,  U.  S.  Army,  Sep- 
tember 18,  1866;  assigned  to  duty  superintending  regi- 
mental  recruiting   service  at   Louisville,   Ky. ;    superin- 
tended   recruitment    of    and    organized    the    Forty-fifth 
Regiment  of  Infantry,  U.  S.  Arm)- ;  ordered  with  it  to 
Nashville,  Term.,  April,  1867;  on  recommendation  of  his 
division   commander  was  brevetted  colonel  for  "  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg," 
General    Meade  forwarding  such   recommendation  with 
the    following    indorsement  :    "  Respectfully    forwarded, 
concurring    in    the    recommendation    that    Lieutenant- 
Colonel  Woodward  be  brevetted  colonel  for  Gettysburg, 
and  furthermore,  that  he  be  brevetted  brigadier-general 
for  distinguished  good  conduct  in  the  field   during  the 
war;"  in    1869  was  retained  as  lieutenant-colonel  Four- 
teenth Infantry  ;  took  post  at  Taylor  Barracks,  Louisville, 
Ky.;  July,    1870,  proceeded   to   Fort   Randall,   Dakota, 
and  assumed  command  of  regiment,  establishing  Camp 
Lovell ;   proceeded  in  command  of  regiment  to  Omaha, 
Neb.,  and  then  to   Fort   Sedgwick,   Col.  ;    in   spring   of 
1 87 1,  in  command  of  four  companies,  marched  to  Fort 
Fetterman,   Wy.  Territory;  at   Sidney   Barracks,   Neb.; 
Fort  McPherson,  Neb.;  and  Fort  Cameron,  Utah  ;  pro- 
moted to  colonel,   Fifteenth   Infantry,  U.  S.  Arm)-,  Jan. 
10,  1876;  on  sick-leave  on  account   of  breaking  out  of 
old  wound  in  foot ;  retired  for  disability  resulting  from 
wounds  March  20,  1879. 

Received  honorable  mention  in  the  official  reports  of 
Major-General  McCall  and  Brigadier-General  Seymour, 
for  good  conduct  in  the  Seven  Days'  battles  before  Rich- 
mond ("  Rebellion  Records,"  Series  I.,  Vol.  XL,  Part 
II.,  pp.  389,  404).  Since  1887  has  resided  in  Washing- 
ton, D.C. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


479 


REAR-ADMIRAL  JOHN  LORIMER  WORDEN,  U.S.N. 
(retired). 

Rear-Admiral  John  Lorimer  Worden  enjoys  the 
distinction,  unique  in  our  service,  of  being  placed  upon 
the  retired  list,  at  his  own  request,  upon  full  pay,  the 
latter  being  done  by  special  act  of  Congress.  Admiral 
Worden's  name  will  always  be  especially  associated  with 
the"  Monitor,"  but  he  performed  valuable  service  before 
the  idea  of  the  "  Monitor"  was  conceived,  as  well  as  lone 
after  she  went  to  the  bottom. 

Rear-Admiral  Worden  entered  the  navy  as  a  midship- 
man from  his  native  State,  New  York,  in  January,  1834, 
and  served  in  the  Brazils  and  the  Mediterranean  be- 
fore going  to  the  Naval  School  at  Philadelphia.  Pro- 
moted passed  midshipman  in  July,  1840,  and  was  in 
the  Pacific  for  three  years,  after  which  he  went  to  the 
Naval  Observatory,  at  Washington.  He  obtained  his 
next  two  steps  in  the  same  year,  master  in  August,  and 
lieutenant  in  November,  1846.  He  went  out  to  the 
Pacific  Station  in  1847,  and  served  there  in  the  "South- 
ampton," "Independence,"  and  "  Warren,"  coming  home 
in  the  Iine-of-battle-ship  "Ohio,"  in  1850.  For  several 
years  afterwards  he  was  on  duty  at  the  Observatory, 
and  in  the  Mediterranean,  at  the  navy-yard,  New  York, 
and  as  first  lieutenant  of  the  frigate  "Savannah,"  Home 
Squadron. 

On  April  6,  1 861,  Lieutenant  Worden  reported  at 
Washington  for  special  duty  connected  with  the  dis- 
cipline and  efficiency  of  the  naval  service,  but,  finding 
that  ships  were  being  rapidly  fitted  for  service,  in  conse- 
quence of  secession  movements,  asked  to  be  relieved 
from  special  duty,  and  applied  for  service  afloat.  On  the 
7th,  at  daylight,  he  was  sent  to  Pensacola  with  de- 
spatches for  the  commanding  officer  of  the  squadron  off 
that  port,  the  orders  to  reinforce  Fort  Pickens,  and  1 
reached  there  about  midnight  on  the  10th.  A  heavy 
gale  prevented  him  from  communicating  with  the  ships 
on  the  next  clay.  But  on  the  12th  he  delivered  his  de- 
spatches at  noon.  At  3  p.m.  left  to  return  to  Washington 
by  rail.  It  was  necessary  to  go  via  Montgomery,  Ala- 
bama, and  on  the  13th,  about  4  P.M.,  he  was  arrested  at 
a  station  just  south  of  the  rebel  capital,  taken  there,  and 
detained  as  a  prisoner  until  November  14.  He  was  then 
paroled  and  ordered  to  report  to  the  Secretary  of  War, 
at  Richmond.  He  found  that  he  was  to  be  exchanged 
against  Lieutenant  Sharp,  a  Confederate  who  was  con- 
fined on  board  the  "  Congress,"  at  Newport  News.     By 


flag  of  truce  from  General  Huger  to  Admiral  Golds- 
borough,  this  exchange  was  duly  effected  November  18, 
after  Mr.  Worden  had  been  more  than  seven  months  a 
prisoner.  On  January  16,  1862,  he  was  ordered  to  the 
command  of  the  "  Monitor."  The  story  of  this  extraor- 
dinary engine  of  war,  and  its  influence  on  our  own 
fortunes  and  upon  naval  construction  all  over  the 
world,  has  often  been  told,  and  cannot  be  told  too  often. 
In  his  battle  with  the  "  Merrimac,"  on  March  9,  1862, 
Lieutenant  Worden  was  severely  injured,  and  was 
obliged  to  be  removed  as  soon  as  the  action  was  over, 
but  not  until  complete  success  had  crowned  the  efforts 
of  one  who  was  fighting  an  entirely  novel  and  untried 
vessel,  which  had  only  come  in  the  night  before  from  a 
perilous  voyage.  He  was  made  commander,  July,  1862, 
and  upon  partial  recovery  was  upon  duty  at  New  York-, 
as  assistant  to  Admiral  Gregory,  in  superintending  the 
construction  of  iron-clads.  Commander  Worden  com- 
manded the  monitor  "  Montauk"  from  October,  1862, 
to  April,  1863,  in  the  South  Atlantic  Squadron.  In  her 
he  attacked  Fort  McAllister,  on  the  Ogechee  River,  and 
on  February  28,  1863,  destroyed  the  Confederate  priva- 
teer "  Nashville,"  under  the  guns  of  that  fort. 

On  April  7,  1863,  he  participated  in  the  attack  of  the 
iron-clads,  under  Admiral  Dupot,  upon  the  defences  of 
Charleston.  In  the  mean  time,  February  3,  1863,  he 
had  been  promoted  to  be  captain  in  the  navy.  Com- 
modore and  superintendent,  Naval  Academy,  [868.  Rear- 
admiral  commanding  European  Station,  1872,  and  much 
other  service. 


4So 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND   NAVY  {regular) 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL   JACOB  ZEILIN,   U.S.M.C. 
(retired). 

Brigadier-General  Jacob  Zeilin  is  a  native  of  Phila- 
delphia, and  was  appointed  a  second  lieutenant  in  the 
Marine  Corps  from  Pennsylvania,  <  >ctober  i,  183 1.  After 
being  stationed  at  the  marine  barracks  at  Washington, 
Philadelphia,  and  Gosport,  Virginia,  he  made  a  long 
cruise  in  the  sloop-of-war  "  Erie,"  from  March,  [832,  to 
September,  I  837. 

I  [e  became  first  lieutenant  in  [836. 

\it<T  serving  at  the  Charlestown  Barracks  he  made 
another  cruise  in  the  Brazils,  in  the  "Columbus,"  74. 
On  his  return  served  at  the  barracks  at  Philadelphia, 
Washington,  and  Norfolk-,  until  the  Mexican  War,  when 
he  went  tu  the  Pacific  in  the  frigate  "Congress."  He 
commanded  the  marines  of  the  squadron,  and  was  adju- 
tant of  the  naval  battalion  at  the  capture  of  Santa  Bar- 
bara, August  4,  1846;  capture  of  San  Pedro,  August  6, 
1846;  capture  of  Los  Angeles,  August  13,  1846;  assault 
and  second  capture  of  San  Pedro,  October  25,  1846;  the 
relief  of  General  Kearney,  at  San  Bernardino,  December 
12,  1846;  victory  of  San  Gabriel,  January  8,  1847;  vic- 
tory of  La    Mesa,  January  9,    1847;  bombardment  and 


capture  of  Guaymas,  October  20,  1S47  ;  capture  of  Mazat- 
lan,  November  8,  1847. 

He  was  brevetted  major  for  gallant  conduct  at  San 
Gabriel  and  La  Mesa,  January  9,  1847.  On  January  28 
of  that  year  he  was  appointed  military  commandant  of 
San  Diego. 

lie  was  commissioned  captain  September  14,  1847. 

After  being  fleet  marine  officer  of  the  Pacific  Squadron 
until  May,  1848,11c  had  a  round  of  shore-duty  at  Norfolk- 
anil  at  New  York  until  June,  1852,  when  he  went,  as  fleet 
marine  officer,  in  Perry's  Expedition  to  Japan.  He  was 
tlii  second  person  to  touch  the  shore  at  the  formal  land- 
ing of  the  naval  forces  at  Yokohama,  on  July  14,  1853, 
and  .was  one  of  those  who  received  the  silver  medal  pre- 
sented by  the  merchants  of  Boston  to  the  naval  force  that 
unsealed  the  empire  of  Japan. 

Upon  his  return  from  this  important  and  most  interest- 
ing cruise,  he  was  stationed  at  Norfolk,  and  in  command 
1 'I  the  barracks  at  the  Washington  Navy- Yard.  He 
served  in  the  frigate  "  Wabash,"  of  the  European  Squad- 
ron, and  then,  from  1859  to  1862,  commanded  the  marine 
barracks  at  Philadelphia  and  at  Washington.  In  July, 
1 861,  he  was  on  detached  duty  with  the  marine  battalion, 
and  w.is  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21, 
1  86  [ . 

He  was  commissioned  major  in  the  Marine  Corps, 
Jul)-  26,  1861, — a  rank  he  had  by  brevet  fourteen  years 
before. 

From  November,  1862,  to  February,  1863,  Major  Zeilin 
commanded  the  marine  barracks  at  New  York.  He  was 
then  ordered,  on  detached  duty,  to  the  command  of  the 
marine  battalion  at  the  siege  of  Fort  Wagner,  where  he 
served  during  August  and  September,  1863. 

lie  was  then  ordered  to  the  command  of  the  marine 
barracks  at  Portsmouth,  but  on  June  30,  1864,  was  com- 
missioned colonel  commandant  of  the  United  States  .Ma- 
rine Corps,  and  ordered  to  head-quarters  at  Washington. 

Commissioned  brigadier-general  and  commandant, 
March  2,   1867.      Retired  November  I,  1876. 

General  Zeilin's  record  shows  thirteen  years  and  eleven 
months  of  sea-service ;   thirty  years  and  eight  months  of 
,  shore-service,  dw.\  only  four  months  unemployed. 


WHO   SERVED   IN   THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


481 


PAYMASTER  GEORGE  DE  FOREST  BARTON.  U.S.N. 

Paymaster  George  De  Forest  Barton  is  a  native  of 
the  city  of  New  York,  and  was  appointed  an  acting  assist- 
ant paymaster  in  the  navy  in  June,  1861,  when  only- 
twenty  years  of  age. 

He  reported  for  duty  on  board  the  "  Monticello,"  one 
of  the  early-purchased  steamers,  a  small,  but  fast  and 
handy  vessel.  The  "  Monticello"  was  actively  employed 
in  Virginia  waters  and  on  the  blockade  at  various  points 
from  the  capes  of  Virginia  to  the  Savannah  River. 

In  August,  1 861,  the  "Monticello"  took  part  in  the 
attack  upon  Forts  Clark  and  Hatteras.  After  some 
hours'  bombardment  the  enemy's  Hag  was  hauled  down, 
when  the  "  Monticello"  was  sent  in  by  Flag-Officer 
Stringham  to  bring  off  the  commanding  officer.  The 
pilot  ran  the  vessel  ashore,  only  a  k\\  hundred  yards 
from  the  forts,  and  she  was  opened  on  at  once,  without 
rehoisting  the  flag  in  the  forts.  It  was  fortunate  that  the 
enemy  had  only  solid  shot,  or  the  vessel  must  have  been 
destroyed,  as  she  was  hulled  fourteen  times,  but  at  last 
got  off. 

Next  morning  the  forts  were  taken, — troops  landed  and 
occupied  them, — one  of  the  first  Union  successes.  When 
the  "  Monticello"  went  out  of  commission,  in  the  summer 
of  1863,  Paymaster  Barton  was  ordered  to  the  new  double- 
ender  "  Sassacus."  In  her  he  saw  very  active  service,  on 
the  outside  blockade,  during  which  time  she  captured  or 
destroyed  several  noted  blockade-runners. 

In  the  spring  of  1864  the  "Sassacus"  was  ordered  into 
the  Sounds  of  North  Carolina,  where  she  was  destined  to 
play  a  most  conspicuous  part.  One  of  the  must  formida- 
ble of  the  rebel  iron-clads,  the  "Albemarle,"  built  at 
Plymouth,  North  Carolina,  had  recently  played  havoc 
with  the  squadron  of  small  vessels  in  the  Sounds,  and 
was  soon  expected  out  again,  while  there  were  only 
wooden  ships  to  place  against  her.  She  soon  came  down, 
and  the  "  Sassacus,"  as  previously  arranged,  rammed  her 
at  full  speed,  striking  her  on  the  starboard  side,  just  abaft 
the  casemate,  the  sharp  prow  of  the  "  Sassacus"  cutting 
its  way  in  between  the  bars  of  railroad  iron  with  which 
the  "  Albemarle"  was  plated.  Then  they  attempted  to 
push  the  iron-clad  on  to  a  shoal  near  by,  but,  in  doing  1 
so,  the  vessels  came  together  broadside  on,  and  were  held  1 


in  this  position  for  some  fifteen  minutes,  heavy  firing  being 
kept  up  almost  muzzle  to  muzzle.  The  "  Albemarle's" 
shot  passed  entirely  through  the  wooden  vessel,  which 
had  her  boilers  penetrated,  with  very  great  loss  of  life. 
At  last  they  were  separated,  and  the  "  Albemarle"  steamed 
away  up  the  river,  pursued  by  the  other  Union  vessels. 
At  Plymouth  she  was  afterwards  destroyed  by  a  torpedo 
at  the  hands  of  Lieutenant  Cushing. 

In  the  course  of  this  engagement  the  "  Bombshell"  was 
captured  by  the  "  Sassacus."  Paymaster  Barton  acted  as 
signal  officer  and  aid  to  the  commander  during  this 
desperate  fight.  Soon  after  this  he  was  appointed  an 
assistant  paymaster  in  the  regular  navy. 

He  served  in  the  "  St.  Louis,"  and,  after  the  war 
closed,  in  the  store-ship  "Supply,"  becoming  paymaster 
in  May,  1866.  He  served  in  the  "  Swatara,"  European 
Squadron,  and  in  the  "  Portsmouth,"  of  the  Apprentice 
Squadron. 

In  1869,  Paymaster  Barton  resigned  his  naval  commis- 
sion, and  has  since  then  been  engaged  in  business  in  New 
York. 

He  is  an  active  member  of  the  Military  Order  of  the 
Loyal  Legion,  Commandery  of  New  York,  and  has  been 
treasurer,  recorder,  and  is  at  present  junior  vice-com- 
mander of  that  Commandery. 


61 


482 


OFFICERS   OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NA  VY  (regular) 


BREVET  CAPTAIN  EDGAR  KETCHUM,  U.S.A. 

Brevet  Captain  Edgar  Ketchum  was  born  in  New 
York  City  on  July  15,  1840.  He  graduated  at  the  Col- 
li.;.1 of  the  City  of  New  York  in  July,  i860,  and  at  the 
Columbia  College  Law  School  in  the  spring  of  1862, 
then  being  admitted  to  practise  law. 

He  was  commissioned  as  second  lieutenant,  Signal 
Corps,  U.S.A.,  to  date  from  March  3,  1863. 

Lieutenant  Ketchum  reported  for  duty  at  Signal  Camp 
of  Instruction,  Georgetown,  D.  C,  August,  [864.  Sub-  1 
sequently  reported  in  the  field  to  chief  signal  officer, 
Department  of  Virginia  and  North  Carolina,  and  was 
assigned  to  duty  at  Fort  Signal  Hill,  near  the  extreme 
right  of  the  Army  of  the  James.  A  reconnoissance  was 
made  in  December,  1864,  by  General  Longstreet  with  a 
considerable  force,  and  the  forts  at  Signal  Hill  and  Camp 
Holly  were  attacked,  the  skirmishing  continuing  during 
the  whole  day  and  evening.  Lieutenant  Ketchum  was 
highly  commended  in  the  report  of  his  superior  officer 
tor  the  "zeal  and  judgment  displayed  by  him  at  that 
time." 

Was  ordered  to  accompany  the  expedition  against  Fort 
Fisher,  North  Carolina,  under  General  A.  H.  Terry,  in 
January,  1865.  After  landing  in  the  surf,  he  assisted  in 
establishing  our  line  across  the  peninsula  north  of  Fort 
Fisher,  in  order  to  sever  communication  between  Fort 
Fisher  and  Wilmington. 

On  January  15,  1865,  at  the  attack  on  Fort  Fisher,  was 
assigned  to  duty  with  General  A.  H.  Terry  as  signal 
officer,  kept  up  constant  communication  between  Ad- 
miral Porter  and  General  Terr}'  during  the  seven  hours 
of  battle.  During  these  seven  hours,  besides  exposure  to 
the  ordinary  risks  of  artillery  and  musketry,  the  signal 
officers  were  a  mark  for  sharp-shooters,  who  used  every 
effort  to  cripple  the  attacking  force  by  preventing  com- 
munication by  signal  between  the  army  and  navy. 


The  morning  after  the  capture  of  the  fort  the  large 
magazine  exploded,  causing  the  loss  of  more  than  two 
hundred  men.  Though  in  the  fort,  and  about  fifty  feet 
from  the  magazine,  Lieutenant  Ketchum  was  not  se- 
riously injured. 

In  February,  1865,  was  on  duty  with  General  J.  D. 
Cox,  and  took  part  in  the  capture  of  Fort  Anderson 
during  that  month,  and  the  battle  of  Town  Creek,  Feb- 
ruary 18,  1865,  and  the  capture  of  Wilmington,  February 
22,  1865. 

He  was  the  first  signal  officer  who  arrived  opposite 
Wilmington,  and  was  shelled  from  the  city  the  day 
before  its  capture. 

After  the  capture  of  Wilmington,  Lieutenant  Ketchum 
was  selected  to  proceed  up  the  Cape  Fear  River  on  a 
gun-boat  to  open  communication  with  General  Sherman, 
who  was  believed  to  be  in  the  vicinity. 

On  the  march  north  from  Wilmington  was  on  the  staff 
of  General  Terry  as  a  signal  officer. 

After  the  battles  of  Bentonville  and  Averysborough 
was  ordered  to  return  to  Virginia,  and  subsequent  to  the 
surrender  of  the  Confederate  armies  Lieutenant  Ketchum 
was  assigned  to  duty  at  the  Reserve  Camp  at  George- 
town, D.  C,  and  on  August  12,  1865,  was  honorably  dis- 
charged from  the  service  of  the  United  States. 

He  was  made  first  lieutenant  by  brevet  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  services  at  the  capture  of  Fort  Fisher,  and 
captain  by  brevet  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services 
during  the  war.  He  was  honorably  mentioned  by  his 
superior  officer  for  the  faithful  and  efficient  manner  in 
which  he  performed  his  duties  at  Fort  Fisher,  and  in  the 
official  record  of  his  services  on  file  in  the  War  Depart- 
ment it  is  stated  that,  "  while  his  career  as  an  officer  of 
this  corps  was  comparatively  brief,  he  not  having  served 
in  that  capacity  but  about  one  year,  the  memorable  cam- 
paigns, hard-fought  battles,  and  bloody  skirmishes  which 
occurred  in  the  vicinity  of  Richmond  and  Petersburg 
during  the  last  few  months  of  the  war,  in  many  of  which 
he  took  an  important  part  and  rendered  valuable  service, 
were  sufficient  to  give  him  military  renown  surpassing 
that  of  many  others  who  served  a  greater  length  of 
time;"  and  it  is  further  stated  that,  "from  the  reports 
of  his  superior  officers  in  the  field,  it  is  shown  that  he 
was  a  faithful,  zealous,  and  reliable  officer." 

After  leaving  the  service  he  returned  to  the  practice 
of  law  in  New  York  City,  and  is  still  so  engaged.  For 
three  years  he  held  the  position  of  engineer,  with  the 
rank  of  major,  in  the  First  Brigade,  First  Division,  Na- 
tional Guard  of  the  State  of  New  York,  and  was  subse- 
quently honorably  discharged  therefrom  upon  tendering 
his  resignation. 

He  is  a  member  of  the  Military  Order  of  the  Loyal 
Legion,  the  War  Veterans  of  the  Seventh  Regiment,  and 
Post  Lafayette,  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic. 


WHO   SERVED   IN  THE   CIVIL    WAR. 


483 


CAPTAIN  AND    BREVET    MAJOR    BENJAMIN    F. 
RITTENHOUSE,   U.S.A.  (retired). 

Captain  and  Brevet  Major  Benjamin  F.  Ritten- 
house  was  born  in  Berwick,  Columbia  County,  Pennsyl- 
vania, December  15,  1839.  He  was  brought  up  in  the 
District  of  Columbia  and  Virginia,  and  in  November, 
i860,  was  appointed  clerk  in  the  Census  Bureau.  On 
June  20,  1 86 1,  he  was  appointed  second  lieutenant  in  the 
Fifth  U.  S.  Artillery,  to  date  from  May  14.  He  was  on 
recruiting  duty  in  Pennsylvania  and  Kentucky  from  July 
1  to  November  1,  and  joined  his  battery  (II,  Terrill's) 
near  Cincinnati,  about  November  7,  and  served  with  that 
battery  in  the  march  on  to  Nashville,  Tennessee,  the 
siege  of  Corinth,  Mississippi,  and  in  Buell's  campaign  in 
Mississippi,  Alabama,  Tennessee,  and  Kentucky.  In 
July,  1862,  he  was  promoted  to  first  lieutenant,  and  in 
October  ordered  to  join  Battery  D,  of  his  regiment, 
serving  in  the  Fifth  Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac.  He 
served  in  this  battery  under  the  command  of  First  Lieu- 
tenant Charles  E.  Hazlett,  in  the  battles  of  Fredericks- 
burg and  Chancellorsville,  Virginia,  and  Gettysburg, 
Pennsylvania,  July  2.  Lieutenant  Hazlett  was  killed 
July  2,  when  the  command  of  the  battery  devolved  upon 
Lieutenant  Rittenhouse,  who  commanded  it  on  Little 
Round  Top,  during  the  remainder  of  the  battle;  also  at 
Rappahannock  Station,  Mine  Run,  Wilderness,  Laurel 
Hill,  Po  River,  Spottsylvania,  Guiney's  Station,  North 
Anna  River,  Bethesda  Church,  Virginia.  On  June  10, 
1864,  he  became  chief  of  artillery  of  Ayers's  Second 
Division  of  the  Fifth  Corps,  commanding  three  batter- 
ies at  the  siege  of  Petersburg,  Virginia.  On  June  19  he 
was  severely  wounded  and  disabled  for  further  field  ser- 
vice. 

He  was  brevetted  captain  to  date  from  August  1,  1864, 
"  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  at  the  battle  of 
Bethesda  Church  and  the  campaign  before  Richmond," 
and  brevet  major,  March  13,  1865,  "for  good  conduct 
and  gallant  services  during  the  war,"  and  appointed  cap- 
tain in  the  Twentieth  U.  S.  Infantry,  to  date  Jul)-  28, 
1866,  but  declined. 

In  November,  1864,  he  was  ordered  to  Chicago,  Illi- 


nois, on  mustering  duty,  and  in  May,  1865,  to  Camp 
Parole,  Annapolis,  Maryland,  to  muster  out  paroled 
prisoners.  In  July  he  was  ordered  to  join  his  battery, 
and  in  October  was  ordered  with  it  to  Fort  Jefferson, 
Dry  Tortugas,  Florida  ;  in  .May,  1867,  he  was  transferred 
to  Battery  C,  at  Fort  Monroe,  Virginia;  in  May,  1869, 
graduated  from  the  Artillery  School,  and  was  ordered  to 
join  Battery  K,  at  Fort  Sullivan,  Eastport,  Maine. 

In  May,  1S70,  he  received  his  commission  as  captain 
in  his  regiment,  to  date  from  January  5,  1870,  and  ordered 
to  join  Battery  L,  at  Fort  Warren,  Boston  harbor  ;  in 
September  of  the  same  year,  he  was  ordered  with  his 
battery  to  Fort  Adams,  Newport,  Rhode  Island. 

On  October  7,  1874,  he  was  placed  on  the  retired  list, 
on  account  of"  wounds  received  in  the  line  of  duty;"  in 
August,  1882,  he  was  appointed  secretary  and  treasurer 
of  the  U.  S.  Soldiers'  Home,  at  Washington,  D.  C,  and 
served  in  that  position  until  March,  1890. 

While  stationed  at  Newport,  Rhode  Island,  Major 
Rittenhouse  studied  law,  and  when  he  retired  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  that  State. 

Major  Rittenhouse  at  present  resides  at  Washington, 
D.  C. 


484 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  ARMY  AND  NAVY  {regular) 


CAPTAIN  AND  BREVET  LIEUTENANT-COLONEL 
SAMUEL  KLINGER  SCHWENK.  U.S.A.  (retired). 
Captain  and  Brevet  Lieutenaxt-Coi.onei.  Samuel 
Klinger  Schwexk  was  born  May  8.  1S42,  in  Dauphin 
County,  Pennsylvania,  and  is  descended  from  the  Von 
Schwenks  of  Germany,  a  noble  family,  several  of  win  mi 
served  with  distinction  in  the  late  Franco-Prussian  war, 
and  his  ancestors,  both  paternal  and  maternal,  partici- 
pated in  the  war  of  the  American  Revolution.  He  was 
educated  at  the  Dickinson  Seminary,  which  he  left  in 
order  to  enlist  in  the  service  of  his  country  during  the 
war -of  the  Rebellion.  While  at  the  seminary  he  in- 
structed the  Dickinson  Cadets.  On  August  19,  1861, 
he  was  appointed  a  lieutenant  in  the  Fiftieth  Pennsyl- 
vania Infantry,  and  proceeded  with  the  command  to 
Smith  Carolina;  for  actions  at  Beaufort,  and  twice  at 
Port  Royal  Ferry,  he  received  the  thanks  of  Generals 
Stephens  and  Hunter.  He  was  ordered  with  his  regi- 
ment to  Virginia,  arriving  there  in  time  to  take  part  in 
the  battles  of  second  Bull  Run  and  Chantilly.  At  South 
Mountain  he  was  wounded  in  the  ankle.  At  Antietam 
he  participated  with  his  regiment  in  the  battle,  though 
scarcely  able  to  walk,  and  was  given  command  of  the 
sharp-shooters  on  the  front  of  the  Ninth  Corps,  where  he 
was  pitted  against  the  famous  Palmetto  sharp-shooters, 
whom  he  drove  in  and  thereby  opened  connection  with 
Hooker's  Corps  on  the  right,  receiving  therefor  hand- 
some recognition  from  Generals  Willcox  and  Bumside. 
At  Fredericksburg  he  again  led  the  skirmishers,  and 
reached  out  on  the  left  until  he  joined  hands  with  those 
of  Franklin's  grand  division. 

The  Ninth  Corps,  to  which  his  regiment  was  attached, 
was  sent  West  in  the  spring  of  1863,  and  at  Blue  Springs 


.ind  Hough's  Ferry,  where  the  advance  of  Longstreet  was 
met,  Captain  Schwenk  performed  one  of  those  daring 
feats  with  which  his  name  was  often  associated.  He  not 
only  fought  the  enemy's  skirmishers,  gaining  full  infor- 
mation of  the  enemy's  position  and  numbers,  but  in  the 
end  took  prisoners  a  party  sent  out  to  demand  his  own 
surrender.  "At  Campbell's  Station,"  says  his  brigade 
commander,  General  Cutchcon,  "  he  behaved  most 
bravely,  and  during  the  entire  siege  of  Knoxville  was 
especially  distinguished  for  his  coolness,  prudent  judg- 
ment, and  determined  gallantry,  as  well  as  professional 
skill  in  the  construction  of  defences." 

His  most  conspicuous  acts  of  gallantry,  however,  were 
performed  during  the  battles  of  the  Wilderness,  in  1864. 
At  the  battle  of  Nye  River,  on  May  9,  1864,  he  is  ac- 
credited with  having  "  saved  the  day."  The  rebels  were 
ascending  a  hill,  and,  if  they  had  reached  the  crest, 
woidd  have  discovered  the  weakness  of  the  Union  forces 
confronting  them  ;  but  Captain  Schwenk,  perceiving  this, 
took  the  responsibility  of  ordering  a  charge  with  the 
bayonet,  which  his  superior  officers  hesitated  to  do,  and 
with  part  of  a  regiment  repulsed  the  rebels  from  the 
crest  and  saved  the  brigade  from  a  probable  serious  dis- 
aster. In  one  of  the  engagements  before  Spottsylva- 
nia  Court-House  he  may  be  said  to  have  gone  into  the 
fight  as  a  captain  of  one  company,  and  to  have  come 
out  of  it  a  commander  of  five  regiments. 

At  the  battle  of  Cold  Harbor,  after  thirteen  bullets 
had  passed  through  his  clothes  harmlessly,  he  was 
struck  in  the  side  by  one  which  passed  through  the 
vertebra,  and  he  was  carried  from  the  field,  as  it  was 
supposed,  mortally  wounded.  He  had,  however,  the 
benefit  of  eminent  medical  skill,  the  case  being  regarded 
as  a  remarkable  one,  and  he  survived,  though  many 
months  elapsed  before  he  was  able  to  move  about. 

He  was  promoted  major,  and  was  at  the  retaking  of 
Fort  Steadman  and  final  capture  of  Petersburg.  For 
conspicuous  gallantry  before  Petersburg,  and  in  the 
assault  on  Fort  Steadman,  Virginia,  he  was  brevetted 
lieutenant-colonel  of  volunteers  March  25,  1865.  On 
July  24,  of  the  same  year,  he  was  brevetted  colonel,  and 
on  the  same  day  brigadier-general  of  volunteers.  On 
July  28,  [866,  he  was  appointed  first  lieutenant  in  the 
Forty-first  Regular  Infantry,  and  was  in  succession 
brevetted  captain,  major,  and  lieutenant-colonel  in  the 
regular  army,  for  conspicuous  gallantry  and  skilful  and 
meritorious  services  at  Nye  River,  Spottsylvania  and  Cold 
Harbor.  He  was  stationed  at  Brownsville,  Texas,  in 
1867,  and  was  promoted  to  be  captain  in  December, 
[867,  and  on  May  17,  1876,  was  placed  upon  the  retired 
list  of  the  army. 


INDEX. 


Alden,  J.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.   ...  5 

Almy,  J.  J.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.  .    .  6 

Ames,  L.  S.,  Captain  U.S. A 7 

Ammen,  D.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.     .    .  8 

Anderson,  J.,  Captain  U.S. A 9 

Anderson,   R.,   Brigadier-    and    Bvt. 

M  \  ior-General  U.S. A 10 

Anderson,  T.  M.,  Colonel  U.S.A.  .    .    .  11 

Andrews,  G.  L.,  Colonel  U.S.A.   ...  12 

Arnold,  A.  K.,  Colonel  U.S. A 13 

Arnold,  I.,  Jr.,  Major  U.S. A 14 

Augur,  C.  C,  Brigadier-  and  Bvt.  Ma- 
jor-General U.S. A 15 

Auman,  W.,  Captain  U.S. A      i(> 

Averell,  W.  W.,  Captain  and  Bvt.  Ma- 
jor-General U.S. A 17 

Avery,  R.,  Lieutenant-Colonel  U.S.A.  iS 

Babbitt,    L.    S.,   Lieutenant-Colonel 

U.S.A 19 

Babcock,  J.  B.,  Captain  and  Bvt.  Major 

U.S.A 20 

Badger,  O.  C,  Commodore  U.S.N.    .    .  21 

Bailey,  C  M.,  Major  U.S.A 22 

Bailey,  T.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.    .    .  23 
Baird,  A  ,  Brigadier-  and  Bvt.  Major- 

General  U.S.A 24 

Barlow,   J.    W.,    Lieutenant  Colonel 

U.S.A 25 

Barnitz,  A.,  Captain  and  Bvt.  Ci  ilonel 

U.S.A 26 

Barrigf.r,  J.  W.,  Lieutenant-Colonel 

and  Bvt.  Brigadier  General  U.S.A.  27 

Bartlett,  H.  A.,  Major   U.S.M.C.    .    .  28 

Barton,  G.  DeF.,  Paymasjer  U.S.N.    .  4S1 

Bates,  N.  L  ,  Medical  Director  U.S.N.  29 

Be.  k,  YV.  IL,  Captain  u\a 30 

Beckwith,  A.,  Colonel  and  Bvt.  Ma- 
jor-General U.S.A 31 

Belknap,  G.  E.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.  32 
Benham,  H.  W.,  Colonel  and  Bvt.  Ma- 
jor-General U.S.A .  ^^ 

Benteen,  F.  W.,  Major  and  Bvt.  Col- 
onel U.S.A 34 

Bentley,  E.,  Major  U.S.A 35 

Bergland,  E.,  Captain  U.S.A 36 

Bernard,  R.  F.,  Major  and  Bvt.  Col- 
onel U.S.A 37 

Best,  C.  L.,  Colonel  U.S.A 38 

Bingham.  J.  D., Colonel  and  Bvt.  Brig- 
adier-General U.S.A 39 

Bishop,  J.,  Commander  U.S.N 40 

Bliss,  Z.  R.,  Colonel  U.S.A. 41 

Bloodgood,    D.,     Medical     Director 

U.S.N.     . 42 

Boggs,  C  S  ,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.  .    .  43 

Bowers,  E.  C,  Captain  U.S.  X 44 

Brackett,  A.  G.,  Colonel  U.S.A.  ...  45 

Braine,  D.  L.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.  .  46 

Brayton,  G.  M.,  Colonel  U.S.A.   ...  47 
Breck,  S.,  Lieutenant -Colonel  and 

Bvt.  Brigadier-General  U.S.A.    .    .  48 
Breckinridge,  J.    C,   Brigadier-Gen- 
eral and  Inspector-General  U.S.A.  49 
Breese,  K.  R.,  Captain  U.S.N 50 


PAGB 

Brewerton,  H.  F.,  Captain  U  S. A.    .    .  51 

Brice,  J.  J.,  Commander  U.S.N 52 

Bridge,  H.,  Paymaster-General  U.S.N.  53 
Brinkerhoef,  H.  R.,  Captain  U  S.A.   .  54 
Bristol,  H.  B.,  Captain  and  Bvt.  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel U.S.A 55 

Brooke,     J.     R.,     Brigadier-General 

U.S.A 56 

Brooks,  H,  Colonel  and  Bvt.  Briga- 
dier-General U.S.A 57 

Browne,  J.  M.,  Surgeon-General  U.S.N.  58 

Brush,  G.  R.,  Medical  Inspector  U.S.N.  59 

Bryson,  A..  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.    .    .  60 
Burnham,  H.  B.,  Lieutenan  i -Colonel 

U.S.A 61 

Burnside,  A.  E.,  Major-General  U.S.A.  62 
Burt,     A.     S.,    Lieutenant  -  Colonel 

U.S.A 63 

Burtis,  A.,  Pay-Inspector  U.S.N.  ...  64 

Butler, E., Lieutenant-Colonel  U.S.A.  65 

Butler,  J.  G,  Major  U.S.A 66 

Batchelder, K  N., Brigadier-General 

and  Quartermaster-General  U.S.A.  67 

Bkardslee,  L.  A.,  Captain  U.S. N.  .    .    .  68 

Calef,  J.  H.,  Captain  U.S.A 69 

Callinan,  D.  F.,  Captain  U.S.A.    ...  70 

Campbel l,  J.,  Colonel  U.S.A 71 

Canby,  E.  R.  S.,  Brigadier-  and  Bvt. 

Major-General  U.S.A 72 

Carlton,  C  H.,  Colonel  U.S.A.    ...  73 
Carmody,  J.  R.,  Paymaster  U.S.N.  .    .  74 
Carpenter,  L.  H.,  Major  and  Bvt.  Col- 
onel U.S.A 75 

Carroll,  H.,  Major  U.S.A 76 

Carroll,  S.  S.,  Major-General  U.S.A.  77 
Case,  A.  L.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.   .    .  78 
Casey,  S.,  Colonel   and   Bvt.  Major- 
General  U.S.A 79 

Casey,  S.,  Captain  U.S.N 80 

Casey,  T.  L.,  Brigadier-General  and 

Chief  of  Engineers  U.S.A 81 

Ca  1 1. in,  I.  S.,  Colonel  U.S.A 82 

Chipman,  H.  L.,  Lieutenant-Colonel 

U.S.A S3 

Clapp,  W.  II. ,  Captain  U.S.A 84 

Clark,  J.  C,  Jr.,  Major  and  Bvt.  Col- 
onel U.S.A 85 

Cleborne,  C  J.,    Medical    Director 

I    S.N 86 

Clem,  J.  L.,  Captain  U.S.A 87 

Clendenin,  D.  R.,  Colonel  U.S.A.    .    .  88 

Closson,  H.  W.,  Colonel  U.S.A.    ...  S9 
Clous,    ].    \V.,    Lieutenant  -  Colonei 

U.S.A." 9° 

Coates,  E.  M.,  Major  U.S.A 91 

Coe,  J.  N.,  Captain  U.S.A 92 

Coffin,  G.  W.,  Commander  U.S.N.    .    .  93 

Collins,  N.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.   .    .  94 

Collum,  R.  S.,  Captain  U.S.M.C.  ...  95 
Comstock,  C  B.,  Bvt.  Major-General 

U.S.A 96 

Conline,  J.,  Captain  U.S.A 97 

Conrad,  C  H.,  Captain  U.S.A 98 

Cooke,  A.  P.,  Captain  U.S.N 99 


I'M.B 

Cooper,  P.  IL,  Commander  U.S.N.    .   .  100 
Corhin,   H.   C,   Lieutenant- Colonel 

U.S.A ,01 

Cotton,  C  S.,  Commander  U.S.N.     .   .  102 

Craigie,  1).  J.,  Captain  U.S.A 103 

Craven,  T.  A  M.,  Commander  U.S.N.  .  104 
Crook,  G.,  Major-General  U.S.A.  .  .  105 
Crosby,  P.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.  .  .  106 
Cunu  ell,  W.  II.  II. ,  Captain  U.S.A.  .  107 
Cullum,  G.  W.,  Colonel  and  Bvt.  Ma- 
jor-General U.S.A 108 

Cushing,  H.  C,  Bvr.  Major  U  S  A.  .    .  109 

Cushing,  S.  T.,  Major  U.S.A 110 

Cushing,  W.  B.,  Commander  U.s  N.  .    .  m 

Cusick,  C  C,  Captain  U.S.A 112 

Custer,  G.   A.,  Lieutenant- Colonel 

and  Bvt.  Major-General  U.S.A.  .   .  113 

Daggett,  A.  S.,  Major  and  Bvt.  Liu 

tenant-Colonel  U.S.A 114 

Dahlgren,  J.  A.,  Rear-Admir  u.  U.S.N.  115 

Dana,  W.  S.,  Commander  U.S.N.    ...  116 
Darling,  J.  A.,  Captain  and  Bvt.  Major 

U.S.A.  ' 117 

Davis,  C.  II. ,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.  .    .  118 

Davis,  J.  C,  Colonel  11. S.A 119 

Day,  H.,  Colonel  and  Bvt.  Brig   Gen- 
eral U.S.A 120 

Day,  S.  A.,  Captain  U.S.A 121 

De Rudio,  C  C,  Captain  U.S.A.    .   .   .  122 

Dewey,  G.,  Commodore  U.S.N 123 

Dillenback,  J.  \V„  Captain  U.S.A.  .  124 

Dimmick,  E.  D.,  Captain  U.S.A 125 

Douhleday,  A.,  Colonel  and  Bvt.  M  1- 

jor-General  U.S.A 126 

Douglass,  H.,  Colonel  U.S.A 127 

Drayton,  P.,  Captain  U.S.N 12S 

Drum.R.  C.Brigadier-Generai  U.S.A.  129 
Drum,    W.    F.,    Lieutenani    C01      ei 

U.S.A 130 

Dupont,  S.  F.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.   .  131 

Durand,  G.  R.,  Commander  U.S.N.   .    .  132 

Dyer,  N.  M.,  Commander  U.S.N.  .    .    .  133 

Eakin,  C.  P.,  Captain  and  Bvt.  Major 

U.S.A 134 

Ebstein,  F.  II.  E.,  Captain  U.S.A.    .    .  1  55 

Edgar,  W.  F.,  Major  U.S.A 1  , 

Erben,  H.,  Commodore  U.S.N 137 

Evans,  R.  D.,  Commander  U.S.N.  .    .    .  138 
Ewing,  E.  S.,  Captain  and  Bvt.  m 

U.S.A 139 

Farley,    J.    P.,    Lieutenant-Colonei 

U.S.A.   ' 140 

Farquhar,  N.  H.,  Commodore  U.S.N.  .  141 

Farragut,  D   G.,  Admiral  U.S.N.     .    .  142 

Febiger,  J.  C,  Rear-Admiraj    U.S.N.  .  143 

Fechet,  E.  G.,  Major  U.S.A 144 

Field,  E.,  Captain  U.S. A 145 

Fitz  Gerald,  M.  T.,  Captain  U.S.A.  .    .  146 
Flagler,  D.  W.,  Brig.-Gener  il U.S.A.  .  147 
Floyd-Tones,  DeL.,  Coioni  1  U.S.A.  . 
Flusser,  C.  W.,  Lieutenant-Comman- 
der U.S.N 

4S5 


486 


Folger,  W.  M.,  Commodore  U.S.N.  .  . 
Foltz,  J.  M.,  Surgeon-General  U.S.N. 
Foote,  A.  II.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.  .  . 
Forney,  J.,  Lt.-Colonel  U.S.M.C.  .  . 
Forsyth,  J.  M.,  Commander  U.S.N.  .  . 
Frank,    R.    T.,  Lieutenant  -  Colonel 

U.S.A 

Franklin,  S.  R.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N. 
Franklin,  W.   B.,  Colonel  and   Bvt. 

Major  -General  U.S.A 

Freeman,  H.  B.,  Major   U.S.A 

Fremont,  J.  C,  Major-General  U.S.A. 

Gageby,  J.  H.,  Captain  U.S.A 

Garretty,  F.  D.,  Captain  U.S.A.  .  .  . 
Getty,  < '•.  \V.,  Colonel  and  Bvt.  M  \- 

Ior-General  U.S  A 

Gherardi,  B.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.  . 
Gibbon,  J.,  Brigadier-  and  Bvt.  Major- 

(  Ieneral  U.S.A 

Gihon,  A.  L.,  Medk  ai.  Director  U.S.N. 
(.11  bri  mii,  E.  C,  Captain  U.S.A.  .  . 
Gii.e,  G.  \V.,  Lieutenant-Colonel  and 

Bvt.  Brigadier-General  U.S.A.    .    . 

GlLLMORE,    Q.    A.,    COLONE]       IND     BVT. 

Major-General  U.S.A 

GOLDSBOROUGH,    L.    M.,    ReAR-AdMIRA] 

U.S.N 

Gooi :,  G.  C,  Major  U.S.M.C.    .   .   . 

Gorringe,  H.  II.,  Lieutenant-Comman- 
der U.S.N 

Grant,  L.  A.,  Assistant  Secretary  of 
War 

Grant,  U.  S.,  General  U.S.A 

Greely,  A.  \V.,  Brigadier  -  General 
U.S.A 

Green,  J.  G.,  Commander  U.S.N.   .    .    . 

Greenough,  G.  G.,  Captain  U.S.A.   .   . 

Greer,  J.  A.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.      . 

Groesbeck,  S.  W.,  Major  U.S.A.   .    .    . 

GROGAN,  F.  C,  Captain   U.S.A 

Guest,  ].,  Commodore  U.S.N 


PAGE 
[50 
51 

;- 

53 
54 


Si 


Hains,    P.    C,    Lieutenant  -  Colonel 

U.S.A 

Halleck,    H.    W.,    Maior  -  General 

U.S. A 182 

Hancock,  W.  S.,  Major-General  U.S.A.  1S3 
Hardin,    M.    D.,    Brigadier-General 

U.S.A 1S4 

Harris,  H.  T.  B.,  Paymaster  U.S.N.    .  1S5 
-Harris,     T-     C.,     First     Lieutenant 

I  .S.M.C 186 

Harris,  M.,  Captain  U.S.A 187 

Harrison,  B.,  Commander-in-Chief  .    .  iSS 

Hartz,  W.  T.,  Captain  U.S.A 189 

Haskin,  W.  L.,  Major  U.S.A 190 

Hay,  C,  Captain  U.S.A 191 

Hazen,    W.    B.,    Brigadier  -  General 

U.S.A 192 

Hebb,  C  D.,  Colonel  U.S.M.C 193 

Hendershott,  H.  B.,  Captain  and  Bvt. 

Colonel  U.S.A iwj 

Henry,  G.  v.,  Lieutenant-Coloni  l  and 

\\\  r.  Colonel  U  S.A 195 

Henton,  J.,  Major  U.S.A 196 

Hess,  F.  W.,  Captain  and  Bvt.  Major 

1    S.A 197 

Heywood,  C,  Colon  1  1     and   Comman- 
dant U.S.M.C 198 

Higbee,  J.  IL,  Major  U.S.M.C 199 

Hoffman,  W.,  Captain  U.S.A 200 

Holabird,   S.  B.,    Brigadier-General 

U.S.A 201 

Hooker,  E.,  Commander  U.S.N.    .    .    .  202 
Hooker,  J.,  Brigadier  and  Bvt.  Ma- 
jor-General U.S.A 203 

Horwitz,    P.     I..     Medical    Director 

U.S.N 204 

How  \rd,  O.  O., Major-General  U.S.A.  205 

Howe,  H.  L.,  Captain  U.S.A 206 

Howell,  T-  C.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.  207 

Hoxie,  R.  L.,  Captain  U.S.A 20S 


IXDEX. 


Humphreys,  A.  A.,  Brigadier  and  Bvt. 

Major-General  U.S.A 209 

Hunt,  II.  J.,  Colonel  and  Bvt.  Major- 
General  U.S.A 210 

Ingalls,  J.  M.,  Captain  U.S.A 211 

LNGALLS,R.,BRIG  \DIER  AND  BVT.  MAJOR- 

General  U.S.A 212 

Jackson,  J-,  Major  U.S.A 213 

Jai  kson,  S.,  Medical  Director  U.S.N.  214 

Jenkins,  T.   A.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.  215 

Jewett,  H.,  Colonel  U.S.A 210 

Jocelyn,  S.  P.,  Captain  U.S.A 217 

Johnson,  J.  B.,  Captain  U.S.A 21S 

Johnson,  L.,  Captain  and  Bvt.  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel U.S.A 219 

Jones,  D.  P.,  Chief  Engineer  U.S  N.    .  220 

Jones,  \V.  H.,  Medical  Inspector  U.S.N.  221 

Jouett,  J.  E.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.    .  222 

Kai  rz,  A.,  Captain  U.S.N 223 

Kautz,    A.     V.,    Brigadier  -  General 

U.S.A 224 

Kellogg,  E.  R.,  Major  U.S.  A 225 

Kelton,    T.    C,    Brigadier  -  General 

U.S.A.   ' 22(1 

Kendall,  F.  A.,  Captain  U.S.A.    .    .    .  227 

Kennedy,  W.  B.,  Major  U.S.A.     ...  228 
Kershner,     E.,     Medical     Inspector 

U.S.N 229 

K m,  E.,  Bvt.  Captain,  U.S.A.  .  482 

Ketchum,  II.  H.,  Captain  U.S.A.  .    .    .  230 
Kilpatrick,  J.,  Captain  and  Bvt.  Ma- 
jor-General U.S.A 231 

King,  R  ,  Major-General  U.S.A.  .    .    .  232 

Kramer,  A.,  Captain  U.S.A 233 

Kress,  J.  A.,  Major  U.S.A 234 

Langdon,  L.  L.,  Colonel  U.S.A.    .    .    .  235 

Lardner,  J.  ],..  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.  236 

Latch,  E.  I!..  Chii  f  Engini  1  k  U.S.N.  .  237 

Leary,  P.,  Jr.,  Captain  U.S.A 238 

Lee,  S.  P.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.     .    .  239 

Le  Roy,  W.  E.,  Rear-Admiral   U.S.N.  240 

Lockw >,  B.  C,  Captain  U.S.A.     .    .  241 

Looker,  T.  II.,  Pay-Director  and  Ex- 
Paymaster-General  U.S.N 242 

Lord,  J.  II.,  Major  U  S.A 243 

Lott,  G.  G.,  1  Iaptain   U.S.A 244 

Luce,  S.  B.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.    .    .  245 

Mackenzie,  R.  S  ,  Brigadier-General 

U.S.A 246 

Mac  Murray,  J.  W.,  Captain  and  Bvt. 

Major  U.S.A 247 

M  v  omb,  D.  B.,  Chief  Engineer  U.S.N.  24S 

M  \i/i,  W.  K.,  Captain  U.S.A 249 

Mai.lery,  G.,  Captain  and  Bvt.  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel U.S.A 250 

Manley,  H.  DeH.,  Commander   U.S.N.  251 

Marin,  M.  C  Captain  U.S.N 252 

McCann,  W.  P.,  Commodore  U  S.N.      .  253 

McCauley,  E.  Y.,  Rear  Admirai   U.S.N.  254 

a  1  1  y,  C.  G.,  Colonel  U.S.M.C.    .  255 
McClellan,    (.;.    B.,    Major-General 

U.S  A 256 

McConih)  .  s..  Capi  \i\  \\i>  Bvt.  Lieu- 

11  iant-Coi.onel  U.S.A 257 

McCook,  A.  Mrli.,  Brigadh  r  and  Bvt. 

Major-General  U.S.A 25S 

McCrea,  T.,  Major  U.S.A 259 

McCurley,  F.,  Commander  U.S.N.     .    .  260 

McDonald,  J.,  Captain  U.S.A 261 

McDonald,  R.,  Captain  U.S.A.     .    .   .  262 

McDougall,  T.  M.,  Captain  USA.      .  263 

Mi  Dowell,  I.,  Major-General  U.S.A.  264 

McGregor,  C,  Commander  U.S.N.    .    .  265 

McKee,  G.  W.,  Major  U.S.A 266 

McPherson,  J.  B.,  Brigadier-General 

U.S.A 267 

Meade,  t ..  (',.,  Major-General  U.S.A.  268 


PAGE 

Mears,  F.,  Lieutenant-Colonel  U.S.A.  269 
Meigs,  M.  c,  Brigadier  and  Bvt.  Ma- 
jor-General U.S.A 270 

Melville,   G.  W.,   Engineer-in-Chief 

U.S.N 271 

Mi.rriam,  II.  C,  Colonel  U.S.A.   .    .    .  272 
Merritt,  W.,  Brigadier  and  Bvt.  Ma- 
jor-General U.S.A 273 

Miles,  E.,  Lieutenant-Colonel  U.S.A.  274 

Miles,  N.  A.,  Major-General  U.S.A.  .  275 
Miller,  F.A.,  Lieutenant-Commander 

U.S.N 276 

Mills,  A.,  Lieutenant-Colonel  U.S.A.  277 

Mills,  W.  II. ,  Captain  and  Bvt.  Major  278 

Mitchell,  G.,  Captain  U.S.A 279 

Mizner,  H.  R.,  Colonel  U.S.A 280 

Mizner,  J.  K.,  Colonel  U.S.A 281 

Morgan,  W.  A.,  Lieutenant-Comman- 
der U.S.N 2S2 

Morris,  A.,  Captain  and  Bvt.  Maior 

USA 283 

Morris,  G.  U.,  Commander  U.S.N.    .    .  2S4 

Morrow,  A.  P.,  Colonel  U.S.A.     .    .    .  2S5 

Morton,  A.,  Captain  U.S.A 286 

Mullan,  D.  W.,  Commander  U.S.N.  .  287 
Mullany,    |.    R.    M.,    Rear-Admiral 

U.S.N.    ." 288 

Murray,  J.  D.,  Pay-Director  U.S.N.  .  2S9 

Nicholson,    J.   W.    A.,   Rear-Admiral 

U.S.N 290 

Nixon,  J.  B.,  Captain  and  Bvt.  Liii  - 

tenant-Colonel  U.S.A 291 

Noble,  H.  B.,  Captain  U.S.A 292 

Norris,  B.,  Colonel  U.S.A 293 

Norton,  T.  H.,  Captain  and  Bvt.  Major 

U.S.A 294 

Norvell,  J.  M.,  Captain  and  Bvt.  Ma- 
jor U.S  A 295 

Oberly,    A.    S.,    Medical     Inspector 

U.S.N 296 

O'Kane,  J.,  Captain  U.S.N 297 

Ord,  E.  O.  C,  Major-General  U.S.A.  29S 

Overton,  G.  E.,  Captain  U.S.A.    .   .   .  299 

Pagi  ,J.  H.,Lieutenant-ColonelU.S.A.  300 
Palmer,  I.  N.,  Colonel  and  Bvt.  Briga- 
dier-General U  S.A 301 

Parker,      D.,      Lieutenant  -  Colonel 

U.S.A 302 

Parker,  F.  A.,  Commodore  U.S.N.     .    .  303 

Parker,  J.  B.,  Surgeon  U  S.N 304 

Pattison,  T.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.  .    .  305 
Tail,  G.  R.,  Colonel  and  Bvt.  Briga- 
dier-General U.S.A 306 

Paulding,  H.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.    .  307 

Peck,  G.,  Medical  Director  U.S.N.  .  .  30S 
Pennington,  A.  C.  M..  Major  and  B\  i. 

Colonel  U.S.A 309 

Pi  ick,  A.  M.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.  310 
Pennypacker,  G.,  Colonel  and   Bvt. 

Major-Generai  U.S.A 311 

Penrose,    T.    N.,    Medical    Inspector 

U.S.N 312 

Perkins,  G.  H.,  Captain  U.s.N.  .  .  .  313 
Phelps,  S.  L.,  Lieutenant-Commander 

U.S  X 3.4 

Phelps,  T.  S.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.    .  315 

Philip,  J.  W.,  Captain  U.S.N 316 

Poole,  DeW.  C,  Major  U.S.A 317 

Porter,  D.  D.,  Admiral  U.S.N.  .  .  .  318 
Porter,  Fitz-John,  Colonel  and  Bvt. 

Brigadier-General  U.S.A 319 

Porter,  W.  D.,  Commodore  U.S  N.   .    .  320 

Potter,  E.  E.,  Captain  U.S.N 321 

Potter,     I.     II.,     Brigadier-General 

I    S.A.    ' 322 

Powell,  C  F.,  Captain  U.S.A 323 

Powell,  W.   II.,  Lieutenant-Colonel 

U.S.A .  324 

Preble,  G.  H.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.  .  325 

Pru  1  .  «'.  K  .  M  vjor  U.S.A 326 


INDEX. 


PAGE 

Pulford,  J.,  Colonel  U.S. A 327 

Purington,  G.  A.,  Major  U.S.A.    .    .    .    328 

Quackenbush,  S.  P.,  Rear-Admiral 
U.S.N 329 

Ramsay,  F.  M.,  Commodore  U.S.N.    .    .  330 

Rawles,  J.  B.,  Major  U.S. A 331 

Rawlins,  J.  A.,  Brigadier-   and   Bvt. 

Major  General,  U.S. A 332 

Rawolle,  W.  C,  Captain  U.S.A.  .    .  332 

Ray,  P.  H.,  Captain  U.S.A 334 

Reed,  A.  V.,  Captain  U.S.N 335 

Remey,  G.  C,  Captain  U.S.N.     ....  336 
-Remey,  W.  B.,  Colonel  U.S.M.C.   ...  337 
Reynolds,  J.  F.,  Colonel  U.S.A.    .   .   .  338 
Rhoades,  W.  W.,  Lieutenant-Comman- 
der U  S.N J^g 

Rice,  E.,  Captain  and  Bvt.  Lieu  1  enant- 

Colonel  U.S.A 340 

Ritner,  I.  N.,  Chaplain  U.S.A 341 

RlTTENHOl  SE,   I!.    1    .  CAPTAIN    AND  ]\\  1. 

Major  U.S.A 483 

Ritzius,  H.  P.,  Captain  U.S.A 342 

Roberts,  J.,  Colonel  and  Bvt.  Briga- 
dier-General U.S.A ;4  5 

Robinson,  J.  C,  Major-General  U.S.A.  344 

Rockwell,  C.  II.,  Commander  U.S.N.  .  345 
Rodenbough,  T.  F.,  Colonel  and  Bvt. 

Brigadier-General  U.S.A ^40 

Rodoers,    C    R.    p.,    Rear-Admiral 

U.S.N 347 

Rodgers,  G.  W.,  Commander  U.S.N.     .  348 

Rodgers,  J.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.  .  149 

Rodney,  R.  B.,  Paymaster  U.S.N.     .    .  350 

Roe,  F.  A.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.      .    .  351 

Rogers,  W.  P.,  Captain  U.S.A 352 

Romeyn,  H.,  Captain  U.S.A 353 

Rowan,  S.  C,  Vice-Admiral  U.S.N.     .  354 

Rucker,  W.  A.,  Colonel  U.S.A.  .  .  .  555 
Ruger,     T.     H.,     Brigadier-Generai 

U.S.A 351, 

Ruggles,   G.    D.,   Colonel    and    Bvt. 

Brigadier-General  U.S.A 357 

Runkle,  B.  P.,  Major  and  Bvt.  Colonel 

U.S.A 358 

Russell,  a.  W.,  Pay-Director  U.S.N.  359 

Russell,  G.,  Major  U.S.A y.o 

Rutherford,  R.  G.,  First  Lieutenant 

\nh  Bvt.  rir  ain  U.S.A 301 

Sampson,  W.  T.,  Captain  U.S.N.    .    .    .  362 

Savage,  E.  B.,  Captain  U.S.A 363 

Sawtelle,  C.  G.,  Lieutenant-Coloni  l 

and  Bvt.  Brigadier-General  U.S.A.  364 
Saxton,  R.,  Colonel  and  Bvt.  Major- 

General  U.S.A 365 

Schenck,  J.  F.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.  .  366 

Schley,  W.  S.,  Captain  U.S.N 367 

Schofield,     J.      M.,     Major-general 

U.S.A.    .    • 36S 

Schwenk,  S.  K.,  Captain  and  Bvt.  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel, U.S.A 484 

Scott,  W.,  Lieutenant-General  U.S.A.  -09 
Scully,  J.  W.,  Maior  and  Bvt.  Colonel 

U.S.A ;;o 

Sears,  C.  B,  Captain  U.S.A 371 

Seeley,  F.  W.,  Captain 372 

Selfridge,  Jr.,  T.  O.,  Captain  U.S.N.  .  373 

Shaw,  R.  G,  Captain  U.S.A 374 

Shepherd,  O.   L.,  Colonel   and   Bvt. 

Brigadier-General  U.S.A 375 

Sheridan,  P.  H.,  General  U.S.A.     .    .  376 

Sherman,  W.  T.,  General  U.S.A.  .    .    .  377 


487 


PAGE 

Shippen,  E.,  Medical  Director  U.S.N.  378 

Shock,  W.  H.,  Chief  Engineer  U.S.N.  379 
Shorkley,  G.,  Captain  and  Bvt.  Ma  [or 

U-S.A .  ,8o 

Shufei.dt,  R.  W.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.  :;Si 
Shuri.y,   E.   R.  P.,  First   Lieutenant 

and  Bvt.  Captain  U.S.A 5S2 

Simpson,  E.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.    .   .  383 

Simpson,  J.  F.,  Captain  U.S.A 384 

Small,  M.  I'.,  Lieutenant-Coi  onel  and 

Bvt.  Brigadier-General  U.S.A.  .  3S5 
Smedrerg,  W.  R.,  Captain   and   Bvt. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  U.S.A 3S6 

Smith,  C.  H.,  Colonel  and  Bvt.  Major- 

General  U.S.A .  3S7 

Smith,  F.  G.,  Major  U.S.A 3SS 

Smith,  F.  R.,  Commander  U.S.N..  .  .  3S9 
Smith,  II.  E., Captain  \nd  B\  i.  Major 

U.S.A J9o 

Smith.  J.  E.,  Colonel  and  Bvt.  M  \jor- 

Gener  vi.  U.S.A .  5gl 

Smith,  T.  R.,  Colonel  U.S.A 592 

Smith,  M.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.  .    .    .  593 

Snyder,  J.  A.,  Captain  U.S.A 594 

Spear,  J.  C,  Medical  Inspector  U.S.N.  395 
Stanley,    D.    S.,    Brigadier- General 

U.S.A 396 

Stanton,  O.  F.,  Commodore  U.S.N.  .  .  397 
Steedman,  C,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.  .  398 
Stembel,  R.  N.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.  399 
Sternberg,  G.  M.,  Lieutenant  Colo- 
nel U.S.A 400 

Stevens,  T.  IL,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.  401 

Stevenson,  J.  H.,  Pay-Inspector  U.S.N.  402 
Stewart,     E.,     Paymaster  -  General 

U.S.N 403 

Stirling,  Y.,  Commander  U.S.N.    .       .  404 

Stivers,  E.  J.,  Captain  U.S.A 405 

Stone,  E.  \V.,  Colonel  U.S  A 406 

Stringham,     S.     H.,     Rear-Admiral 

I    S.N 407 

Sturgeon,  S.,  Captain  and  Bvt.  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel U.S.A 40S 

Sturgis,  S.  D.,  Colonel  U.S.A.  .  .  .  409 
Sumner,  E.  V.,  Major-General  U.S.A.  410 
Sutherland,    (.'.,    Brigadier-General 

U.S.A 411 

Swaim,     D.     G,     Brigadier-General 

U.S.A 412 

Swaine,  P.  T.,  Colonel  U.S.A 413 

Swayne,  W., Colonel  and  Bvt.  M  \  1   1  - 

General  U.S.A 414 

Sweeny,    T.    YV.,    Brigadier-Generai 

U  S.A 415 

Sweet,  O.  J.,  Captain  U.S. .A 410 

Sweitzer,   N.   B.,   Colonel  and   Bvt. 
Brigadier-General  U.S.A 417 

Tarbell,  J.  F.,  Paymaster  U.S.N.  .  .  .  41S 
Taylor,  A.  H.  M.,  First   Lieutenant 

U.S.A 419 

Taylor,    J.    V.,    Medical     Director 

U.S.N 420 

Terry,  A.  PL,  Major  General  U.S.A.  .  421 
Terry,  S.  W.,  Commander  U.S.N.  .  .  422 
Thatcher,      H.     K.,     Rear-Admiral 

U.S.N 423 

Thomas,  G.  IL,  Major-General  U.S.A.    424 
Thomas,  H.  G.,  Major  and  Bvt.  Briga- 
dier-General U.S.A 425 

Thompson,  J.  M.,  Captain  U.S.A.  .  .  .  420 
Tidball,  J.  C.,  Colonel  and  Bvt.  Briga- 


PAtiE 

Townsend.F.,  Bvt.  Brigadier-General  4^9 
A.,  Major   and   Bvt.  Colonel 

U.S.A 4 

Tracy,  B.  I  ry  of  the  Navy  431 

Trenchard,     S.     D.,     Rear-Admirai 

U.S.N 

Truxtun,    \V.   T.,  Commodore   U.Sn'  4" 

Tipper,  T.  C,  Major    U.S.A.   ...  4^4 

Turner,  T.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.    .   .  435 


Upiiam,  J.  J.,  C NEL  U.S.A 

Upton,   I'..,  Lieuti  n  vnt-Colonei.    and 
Bvt.  M  ijor-i  ii-.NKKAi.  U.S.A.  . 


436 

437 


dier-General  U.S.A 427 

Tilford,  J.  G.,  Colonel  U.S.A 42S  .  Zeilin,  J.,  Brigadier-General  U.S.M.C. 


Wainwrigh  r,  J.  M.,  Commander  U.S.N. 
Walke,  IL,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N. 
Walker,  j.  G.,  Commodore  U.S.N.    . 

Ward,  G."S   L.,  Captain   U.S.A.     . 

Warren,  G.   K.,  Lieutenant-Colonel 
\nd  Bvt.  Major-General  U.S.A. 

Watson,  J.  C.  Captain  U.S  N.   .    .    . 

Wedemeyer,  W.  G.,  Major  U.S.A. 

Wheaton,  C,  Captain  U.S.A 

Wheaton,  I..,  Major  and  Bvt.  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel U.S.A 

Whipple,  A.  W.,  Major  and  Bvt.  Ma- 
jor-General U.S.A 

Whipple,  W.  D.,  Colonel  and  Bvt.  M  1- 
ior-General  U.S.A 

White,    C.    PL,     Medical     Inspi     i 
U.S.N 

White,  J.  C,  Captain  U.S.A 

Whitehouse,  E.  N.,  Paymaster  U.S.N. 

Whiteside,  S.  M.,  Major  U.S.A.    .   . 

Wilhelm,  T.,  Captain  and  Bvt.  Major 
U.S.A 

Wilkes,  C,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.    . 

Willcox,  O.  B.,  Brigadier  and  Bvt.  M  \- 
jor-General  U.S.A 

Williams,  W.  W.,  Pay-Director  U.S.N. 

Wilson,  B.,  Captain  U.S.N 

Wilson,  G.  S.,  Captain  U.S.A 

Wilson,  J.  M.,  Colonel  U.S.A 

Wilson,  T.  D.,  Commodore  U.S.N.    . 

Wiltse,  G.  C,  Captain  U.S.N.    .    .    . 

Wingate,  G.  E.,  Commander  U.S.N.     . 

Winsi  ow,  G.  F  .  Passed  Assistant  Sur- 
geon  U.S.N 

Winslow,  J.  A.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N. 

Wise,  W.  C,  Commander  U.S.N.    .    . 

Wister,  F.,  Captain  U.S.A 

Witherei.l.  C.  T.,  Captain  and   Bvt. 
Maior  U.S.A. 

Wood,  E.  E.,  Captain  U.S.A 

Wood,  G.  W.,  Commander  U.S.N.     .    . 

Wood,  H.  C,  Lieutenant-Colonel  and 
Bvt.  Colonel  U.S.A 

Wooo,  T.  J.,  Brigadier-General  and 
Bvt.  Major-General  U.S.A 

WooDiui  1 .  A.  A.,  Major  and  Bvt.  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel U.S.A 

Woodruff,  C.  A.,  Captain  U.S.A.     .   . 

Woodward,  E.  T.,  Commander  U.S.N.  . 

Woodward.  G.  A.,  Colonel  U.S.A.   .    . 

Worden,  J.  L.,  Rear-Admiral  U.S.N.  . 


THE    END. 


OCT  --