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COBMGHT DEPOSm

OLD SETTLERS

^OF THE-

Grand Traverse Region

Compiled by
S. E. WAIT and W. S. ANDERSON

::U

Price 50 Cents

ilH

THE PIONEER BANK

of the

Grand Traverse Region

Established in 185 6
by Hannah, Lay & Co.

Traverse City State Bank

Largest, Oldest and Strongest
Banking Institution in North-
western Michigan.

S. E. WAIT
"The Weather Man"

Pioneer of 1850. Horn Fairfield, Vermont, .lulv 21, liS34. Was in the eini)l(n- of
first, Sniitlisonian Institution; second, the War Department; third, the Avi:riitdtural Depart-
ment; fourth, the Michii^an State Board of Health as .\ieterolo,«;ieal ( )t)server. Furnished
weather reports, weekly to the (irand Traverse Herald, daily to the Record and Record -
Ea^le since 1876, and the ice record since 1851.

The first recorded weather reports were furnished monthlv to the "Herald" by Miss
Leonora Phillips of Whitewater, commencing December, 1858. The next were furnished
weekly to the "Herald" commencing December 1, 1859, by lolin F. Oram.

/ /- / y V

OLD SETTLERS

A Historical and Chronological Record

Together with Personal Experiences and Reminiscences of Members
OF THE Old Settlers of the Grand Traverse Region

The "Early Histories" were taken from Page's History of the

Grand Traverse Region and from

Personal Memory

// ivoiild have ,Q,iven us Great Pleasure to have Published in Full all Contributions

sent in but in Order to Keep Within Bojinds, have had

to Curtail Some of Them.

We Hereby Wish to Express Our Sincere Thanks to all those

WHO have Willingly and Generously^ Furnished Material

AND Assisted Us in the Compilation of the Work

Compiled by

S. E WAIT and W. S. ANDERSON

TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN

1918 J

.^:riA

DATES, PRESIDENIS AND PLACES OF MEETING OF
OLD SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION

Date President Place of Meeting

1884 .John McDonald Elk Rapids

1885 • John McDonald Elk Rapids

1886 Alexander Campbell Elk Rapids

1887 James McLaughlin Elk Rapids

1888 No meeting held this year

1889 • • • .John McDonald Elk Rapids

1890 W. H. Fife Elk Rapids

1891 J. O. Bloodgood Elk Rapids

1892 J. O. Bloodgood Elk Rapids

1893 James McLaughlin Elk Rapids

1894 James McLaughlin Elk Rapids

1895 James McLaughlin Traverse City

1896 ..Perry Hannah Traverse City

1897 E. L. Spragne Traverse City

1898 J- J- McLaughlin Elk Rapids

1899 J. H. Monroe Traverse City

1900 H. K. Brinkman Old Mission

1901 T. T. Bates Traverse City

1902 J. J- McLaughlin Elk Rapids

1903 George A. Craker Northport

1904 Major Green .Charlevoix

1905 H. O. Rose Petoskey

1906 -J. H, Monroe Traverse City

1907 *R. W. Bagot Elk Rapids

1908 Dr. W. M. Payne Suttons Bay

1909 C. H. Estes .Traverse City

1910 W. S. Anderson Traverse City

1911 Hon. James Greacen Kalkaska

1912 A. V. Friedrich Traverse City

1913 Hon. W, W. Smith Traverse City

1914 Dr. W. M. Payne Suttons Bay

1915 Will R. Pratt Old Mission

1916 W. L. Case ..Benzonia

1917 VV. S. Anderson. Traverse Ciiy

1918 Archibald Buttars Charlevoix

)CI.A41)78i)l
^Was to preside; died before meeting.

JUN 17 Ibib

CONSTITUTION

ARTICLE I.

The name of this Association shall be "The Old Settlers' Association of the Grand
Traverse Region."

ARTICLE II.

-jO The officers of the Association shall be a President, four Vice Presidents, or one from

each organized county within the territory embraced by this Association, a Recording
Secretary or Historian at large, four Historians or one from each organized county.

ARTICLE III.

The object of this Association is for the purpose of collecting and preserving historical,
biographical or other information in relation to the past, present and future of this territory.

ARTICLE IV.

This Association shall embrace within its limits the territory now within the limits of
the organized counties of Antrim, Grand Traverse, Kalkaska and Charlevoix.

ARTICLE v.

The annual subscription of voting male members of this Association shall not be less
than 50 cents nor more than one dollar as may be required b}' the by-laws.

ARTICLE VI.

Any person who has resided within the limits of said counties of Antrim, Grand
Traverse, Kalkaska and Charlevoix for 20 years may become a member of this Association
on subscribing to the articles of said Association and paying the membership fee as pre-
scribed by the b\'-laws, but no member shall be entitled to vote or hold office unless 21
years of age.

ARTICLE VII.

That all persons living in any township of the territory included in the limits of this
organization who have inhabited such township during the first ten 3'ears of its settlement
may, by payment of the fees and conforming to the rules of this organization, on applica-
tion become a member of the same.

ARTICLE VIII.

The annual meeting of this .Association shall be held at Elk Rapids on the first
Tuesday of March in each year, at which time the President, .Secretaries and Treasurer
shall each present full written reports, officers shall be elected for the ensuing year and
general business may be transacted. Special meetings may be called as the by-laws may
provide.

.ARTICLE IX.

These articles of association may be amended at any regular meeting bv a two-thirds
vote of all the members present, provided that the proposed amendment shall have been
tiled in writing with the Recording Secretary and notice thereof given at the last preceding
meeting and not less than one month prior to the time when the proposed amendments
shall be called up for action. By-laws may be ma-de, altered or amended at an}' meeting
on like conditions as to tiling and notice by a majority vote of members present at any
regular meeting. By-laws may be temporarily suspended by a unanimous vote of the
members present at any meeting.

ARTICLE X.

The working Committee shall be appointed by the Vice Presidents from each county
respectively and shall consist of one member from each organized township within the
limits of the association. Names and addresses of said committee to be reported to the
Recording Secretary at each annual meeting.

ARTICLE XI.

The Executive Committee shall be composed of the Pi-esident, four Vice Presidents
and Recording Secretary.

ARTICLE XII.

Article six of this Constitution is hereby amended so as to read: "Anv person who
has resided within the limits of said counties of Antrim, Grand Traverse, Kalkaska and
Charlevoix for sixteen vears may become a member of this Association on subscribing to
the articles of said Association and paying the membership fee as prescribed by the by-laws,
but no member shall be entitled to vote or hold office unless 21 years of age."

.\RTICLE XIII.

The annual meeting of this Association shall be held on the first Wednesday of June
of each year at such place as may be designated by a vote of the members present at the
annual meeting the year previous, at which time the President, Secretaries and Treasurer
shall each present a full written report. The officers shall be elected for the ensuing year
and general business may be transacted. Several meetings may be called as the by-laws
provide.

BY-LAWS

SECTION I.

The President shall be the presiding officer at all meetings of the Association. He
shall be ex-officio chairman of the Executive Committee, shall countersign all warrants
drawn by the Recording Secretary upon the Treasurer for accounts that have been audited
and allowed by the Executive Committee and shall perform such other duties as usually
pertain to such office of such Associations.

SECTION II.

The Recording Secretary shall keep an accurate record of all proceedings of the
Association and of the Executive Committee, in books to be provided for that purpose, and
he shall record the articles of association at length in a book provided for that purpose.
The said articles each member shall sign, giving place and date of birth, place and date of
first residence within the limits of the territory of this Association, present residence, with
blanks for date and place of death. This blank to be filled bv said Secretary at the death
of anv member. He shall record and safely keep all papers, documents and material that
may belong to =aid Association. He shall draw all warrants on the Treasurer and shall
take and preserve proper vouchers for accounts paid. He shall perform such other duties
as the Association by vote may require or the Executive Committee may direct.

SECTION III.

The Treasurer shall have custodv of all the moneys and funds of the Association,
shall safelv keep the same, shall pav all warrants drawn on him by the Recording Secretary
and countersigned bv the President, shall keep a full account of all receipts and disburse-
ments and shall make a full report thereof at each annual meeting and at all other times
when required to do so by the Executive Committee, shall give bond to said Association in
such sum and with such securities as the Executive Committee may require.

SECTION IV.

The Executive crommittee shall have the general management of the afTairs of this
Association in pursuance of the articles of association, the by-laws, the votes and resolutions
of said Association. Thev may call extra or special meetings of the Association at such
time and place and for such purpose as they may deem advisable ( not inconsistent with the
articles of association ) , first giving not less than one month's notice of the same by pub-
lishing in one or more newspapers within the said counties. The Association may by vote
direct the time and place of holding one or more social gatherings annually. Notice of the
same snail be published as before provided.

SECTION V.

The Corresponding Secretary or Historian at Large shall conduct all correspondence
of said Association and be the organ of communication between the Association and the
Countv Historians, and shall perform such other duties as may be assigned to him by a vote
of said Association or by direction of the lilxecutive Committee.

SECTION VI.

County Historians shall be the local organs of this Association. With them rests the
.success in collections for the Association, of books, pamphlets or papers containing incidents
of the early historv of these counties, incidents of pioneer life, relics and curiosities of any
kind.

SECTION VII.

The Vice Presidents shall assist the ['resident at all meetings and in the absence of
the President at anv meeting one of the Vice Presidents shall preside. 'I'hey are expected
to be especially active in their respective counties in promoting the objects of this Associa-
tion.

SECTION VITI.

Vacancies in any of the offices may be filled by the Executive Committee, to serve the
unexpired term.

SI'CTION IX.

No officer of this Association sliall receive anv pecuniarv compensation for his or lier
services.

SKCTION .\.

Each member of this Association shall pav lo the Treasurer a membership fee of one-
half dollar and annual dues of fifty cents, due after January 1, 1884.

The first original poem "A Vision," that was written in the Grand Traverse
region was published in the Grand Traverse Herald February 4, 1859. It was
written at Elk Rapids by Rev. D. R. Latham, the pioneer Methodist minister,
who organized the first Methodist class in Traverse City April 11, 1858. He
wrote several articles including this poem for the Herald which were signed
"Rambler."

A VISION

It was night around Grand Traverse Bay and the bracing northern breeze
Swept wildly through the forest aisles and the lofty maple trees;
In pensive mood I wandered forth in the moonlight clear and cold
To meditate, where the brumal waves sonorous music rolled.

And as I gazed at the twinkling stars in yonder boundless blue.

Where the silver moon cut the snowy mist which her endless path lay through.

While Nature seemed to hold commune for awhile with Nature's God,

A sprite drew near to the sandy beach as it on the waters trod.

Then striking the earth with a magic wand she bade a vision rise
Of cities and towns, and rural scenes, before my wondering eyes
The sound of coming footsteps, heard in the corridors of time.
Echoed through the spirit chambers of my soul in a voice sublime.

I heard the axe of the pioneer ring out in the dense old wood,
And soon 'mid the charred and massive stumps a pretty village stof)d;
The click of sharp-toothed saws I heard as the board and plank were torn
From the native pine, by ruthless hands, and away to market borne.

The school-boy's laugh seemed low and far, like the sound of busy bees.
As home he hied through woodlands wild and the green and branching trees.
A voice unearthly echoed shrill, I turned to behold the source.
And saw approach the steamy breath of the tireless iron horse.

I heard the hum of the imigrant and the Anglo-Saxon's tread.

And cities stood where the wigwam erst had covered the red man's head.

Each lofty tree now seemed a spire or a smoking chimney top

Where the engine labored with iron arms in a huge machinist's shop.

And then in my vision I gazed again where the Boardman river laves

Its crystal waters clear and cool in the wild Grand Traverse waves.

The gaslight gleamed— for I thought 'twas night— and the sound of busy feet

Was heard as they passed with hurried steps along the crowded street.

And the Newsboys's voice with nasal twang, as he entered the well-filled car,
With the latest news "by telegraph,'' "direct from the seat of war,"
Called out "Will you have a paper, sir? The Herald," as thus he said,
I sought to obtain a copy, but that moment the vision fled.

— Rambler.

HON. PERRY HANNAH
Pioneer of 1851

The name of ^'erry Hannah has been synonymous with Traverse City and the Grand
Traverse Kei^ion. He was born in Krie County, Pa , September 22, 1824, the second son of
L. and Anna Hannah. They were farmers and on the death of the mother in 1827, the
father came to Port Huron and afterward to St. Clair where he died in 1862. When he was
13 years old Perry joined his father in Michigan assisting: him in the himbering operations
in which he was engaged. Prom his 18th to his 21st year he was in the employ of John
Wells in the dry goods trade in Port Huron. In 1846 he went to Chicago and was in the
employ of Jacob Beidler in the lumber business. By the aid of his employer he became the
senior partner of Hannah, Lay & I'o.

In 1852 Perry Hannah was married to Miss Anna Flint, who died in 1898, leaving two
daughters and one son. Hattie, wife of J. F. Keeney, Julius T., who married Elsie Raff,
and Claribel, wife of Geo. VV. Gardner. Mr. Hannah's subsequent career is shown in the
history of the firm which appears in the pages of this work. He died August 13, 1904.

HON. A. TRACY LAY

Pioneer of IK^l

The part Hon. A. Tracy Lay has played in the buildin.^ of Traverse City and the
Grand Traverse region [is historv. Born in Batavia, Genesee Countv, New York, June 18,
1825, he attended school there until he was sixteen years old, when he began work as clerk
in a country store. In ISi"^, he went to Chicago, and next year engaged in the lumbering
business at the corner of Jack.son and Canal streets, and at this time formed the partnership
with Perry Hannah, that continued until the latter's death.

In 1853, assisted by a civil engineer named Whelpley, Mr. Lay laid out the towni of
Traverse City, and thus became the virtual founder of this prosperous municipality. In the
same year was atiected the segregation and formal organization of Grand Traverse County.

At the time Mr. Lay and Mr. Hannah came toTraverse City, an arrangement was
made whereby each would devote six months of the year to their interests here, and the
balance in Chicago, where they maintained their homes. This arrangement was pursued
for some time, but was finally abandoned. Nevertheless, Mr. Lay frequently visited
Traverse City until five 5'ears ago, when he made his last visit. His health has not since
permitted of the long trip.

He married at Batavia, N. Y., February 20, 1855, Miss Katherine Smith, daughter of
Rev. Lucius Smith of the Episcopal church. Mr. and Mrs. Lay had four daughters— the
two living are Olive, wife of the late Col. Chas. A. H. McCauley, U. vS. A., and Katherine,
wife of R. Floyd Clinch. Mrs. Lay died February 27, 1907. Mr. Lay died March 19, 1918.

() L D

S E T T L P: R S

() K

'1" H E

SQUAW POINT

At the mouth of Boardman River, Traverse City, where the Indians camped on their way to the

liuckleberry plains.

INDIAN AND PIONEER LIFE

Hy Minnie Wmt Nicholson

Tracing the occupancy of Grand Traverse region, we find, in an account
of the traditions of the Indians told by Chief Mac-a-de-pe-nassv, who has
visited at our house on many occasions, that murder in cold blood among the
Indians was rare before they knew the plague of firewater; the only instance
extant in this state being at the Straits of Mackinac. A foolish young Ottawa,
while in dispute over his nets, stabbed a Chippewa. The latter tribe was so
incensed over the outrage that a bloody war was threatened. After many
councils, the Chippewas demanding bloodshed, and the Ottawas desiring com-
promise, ihe matter was finally settled by the Ottawas ceding a desirable part
of their country to the Chippewas for a vast hunting ground. This seemed to
appease the wrath of the Chippewas, and the district now known as our Grand
Traverse Region was the tract given by this treaty. All rivers and streams in
the Lower Peninsula, in which to trap beaver, mink, otter, and muskrat, were
also ceded.

A noted Chippewa Chief, We-we-gen-deby, was the first settler in this
tract; this w as about 250 years ago. One day as he was roaming the forests
of the newly acquired hunting grounds he discovered a shining copper kettle
nearly imbedded in the roots of a tree. It had a bright spot on the bottom as
though it had never been used, and was so large that a whole deer or bear
could be cooked in it. The Chief gazed in awe upon it as direct from some
mighty Manitou, and gathered his people to the place where it was discovered,
in this way founding the first settlement. This manitou-au-kick, or god-kettle,
as it was called, was kept as a sacred relic to the tribe and was securely hidden
in a little-frequented part of the forest where it remained, being brought forth
only for sacred feasts, as it was supposed to have been made by some deity
who presided over this particular region. The kettle was of peculiar build,
having neither rim or bail, showing that it was not of Indian manufacture and
dated back to some pre-historic race. When the Indians of this region became

OF THE GRAND TRAVERSE REGION 11

civilized they began using: this manitou-au-kick more commonly, the awe sur-
rounding it having somewhat lessened, it was used for boiling maple sugar.
A rim and bail were added in 1840 at the Government blacksmith shop at Old
Mission, now a pretty summer resort about eighteen miles from Traverse City
on the peninsula. My father remembers seeing this magic kettle in his boy-
hood days at OJd Mission.

In the County of Emmet was a smaU tribe known as the Prairie or Mush-
co-desh Indians. They were of Algonquin stock, were peaceable and never
known to go on the war path. The Ottawas were friends of this tribe, in fact
they called themselves brothers, but through the love of war the Ottawas came
to be condemned by this little tribe. The noted Ottawa Chief, Saw-ge-maw,
when on one of his western war trips met with great disaster; many of his
warriors were killed, and on returning home they approached a Mush-co-desh
village in a canoe. Saw-ge-maw said to his few remaining warriors, "Let us
take our sad news to our relatives, the Mush-co-desh." So, as they approached
the shore they began an unearthly wailing or dirge of the warriors. When the
Mush-co-desh heard it, instead of joining in sympathy, they thought it a good
time to show the Ottawas how they regarded their marauding expeditions, so
they rolled up ashes in leaves and threw at the grief-stricken Ottawas. The
most terrible battle ever fought in this region was the outcome. Tradition
says that this was the greatest slaughter or massacre that the Ottawas ever
committed. The place where the doomed village stood is now known by an
opening in the dense forest near Cross Village. The result of this battle was
almost the extinction of the Mush-co-desh, thirty or fifty thousand in number,
and a firmer hold by the Ottawas on the region. There soon came to be per-
manent settlements at Cross Village, Middle Village and Harbor Springs, all
within sixty-five miles of Traverse City; besides wigwams singly and in
groups, scattered at intervals all along the shore. Old orchards and gardens
are still in existence on the peninsula in our bay, also at the little resort,
Omena, twenty-five miles from here, at Norwood and Leland, about the same
distance. Fruit trees of this early planting are now found in the young forests,
relics of a race that is disappearing.

The Indian built his gardens on the high lands back of his village and
raised corn, pumpkins, beans and potatoes. Some wild fruits were cultivated
and the apple seed he obtained from the Jesuits. Some of these trees I have
seen are sturdy old landmarks, though their fruit-bearing days are over.

The quaint villages were made up of dwellings of various sizes and
shapes; the most substantial consisting of a frame of cedar poles covered with
cedar bark. Some of these were fifty or sixty feet long, and places for three
fires. Then there were the lighter dwellings consisting of frames of poles
covered with mats, some cone-shaped and some convex at the lop. The mats
were made ten to twelve feet long, of long slender leaves of the cat-tail flag.
They were often used as traveling tents, being light and easy to carry in
expeditions. In the woods, even in winter the Indians sometimes lived in
temporary wigwams of evergreen boughs. The houses were windowless, the
fire being built on the ground in the center, furnishing light and warmth. If
the lodge was long, these fires were built in rows, holes in the roof serving as
a chimney. A raised platform covered with elaborately colored woven mats
along the sides of the room, was used as a seat during the day and a sleeping
place at night. Some of these mats were beautifully ornamented in colors and
were made of rushes from shallow lakes, woven together with twine made
from the bark of the slippery-elm or basswood and were about six to eight feet
long by four feet wide.

Though the Red Man hunted at all times, winter was the season best
adapted to the pursuit; then a greater part of the population left the villages
and scattered through the dense forests along our chains .of lakes, embarking

12 O L I) S E T T 1> E R S O F '1' H E

in canoes. Several families had their winter camping grounds at Boardman
Lake, within the present limits of Traverse City.

The women remained here while the hunters went into the forest solitudes
bringing back the spoils of the chase several times during the winter. The
hunting camps were always on the banks of river or l:ike.

While her brave was in the depths of the forest and the cold wind shrieked
through the fir trees, the busy squaw wove the rush and corn husk mats for
her home. She tanned the deerskins and shaped them into clothing for her
family; she cured the soft rich furs for rugs and wraps, plaited splint baskets
and rolled the wild hemp on her thigh and twisted it into twine for fish nets.
She dressed the game and smoked the venison her Indian brave brought back
to the lodge, and she carried her papoose on her back wherever she went. It
was considered a disgrace for the Indian to perform menial labor. The wife
was expected to do all that was necessary for his comfort and pleasure, leaving
him free to hunt and fish and battle with his enemies.

There were many trails throughout the dense forest in this section, in fact,
those were the only roads in the early days. I have heard pioneers tell of the
time when, to follow one of these trails, they threw themselves from one side
of the horse to the other to escape the rough bark of the trees, so winding
were they. It is said that they were marked by bending down the branches of
the young trees and tying them with hemp cord until the trees grew in this
contorted fashion. The southern tribes are said to trace their trails by the
heavy vines which they weave into the forms of serpents. On this street,
almost across from the Methodist Church is one of those contorted trees, and
further up the street is ancjther that marked a trail to Grand Rapids. There
was also a prominent trail along the river bank, just back of this church which
followed the river and then struck off into the dense forest.

When the white man first visited the Indians in their winter homes, they
were surprised at their social customs. They were fond of visiting, and it was
the aim of each family to excel the others in spreading the finest feasts. If one
brave was more successful than his neighbor in bringing home game, or fish,
he prepared a feast to which everyone in the village was invited, the meal was
prolonged with cheerful conversation and stories of personal adventure; the
women listened but took no part. After the feast they went to their lodges
leaving the men to finish with a quiet smoke.

Often as the kettle boiled over the cheerful fire, wild stories were told of
necromancy and witchcraft, men transformed to beasts and beasts to men, of
malignant sorceresses dwelling among the lonely isles of spell-bound lakes,
and evil manitous lurking in the woods. To the Indian all nature was instinct
with deity; the sun was a god and the moon was a goddess. Conflicting
powers of good and evil ruled the universe, Our Bible story of the ark is
among their traditions, the ark being a huge canoe.

Sometimes in the evening about the fire, weird dances would be indulged
in; medicine dances, fire dances, corn dances accompanied by frightful noises
and beating on bark and skin drums. One of their spring feasts and merry-
makings was called the Sweetwater dance, held in the maple grove in the
spring before the trees were tapped for sap. It was a religious as well as
social festival. Prayer was offered for an abundant flow of sap and success in
gathering and boiling it. The Indians are very fond of maple sugar, and
made quite an industry of preparing it.

I shall have little time to dwell upon the language of the Ottawas and
Ghippewas. It is simple, having few forms; instead of many words, prefixei-
and suffixes are used, making the words appear long and the language -compls

G RAND T R A \' E R S E R E G I O N 13

cated. Some words are used as adjectives as well as adverbs, such as "mino,"

good, right or well.

As a child I remember our Indians always with a blanketed head and
moccasined feet, with their bags of basswood bark fibre strapped across the
forehead, selling baskets and speaking not a word of English. Now they come
dressed as the white men bringing their baskets to the merchants and speak-
ing good English. One misses the picturesqueness of the old ways, but the
advance is not only in dress, it is in the mind as well and means enlightenment.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE POSTAL SYSTEM

The earliest date in regard to mail service in this region is found in the
diaries of Rev. George N. Smith, a Congregational minister who arrived at
the Grand Traverse region June, 1849, when under date of July 2, writes of
the first ehtry of mail. "John Campbell, the government blacksmith of Old
Mission, accompanied by his son-in-law, H. K. Cowles, arrived at the Ottawa
mission,' conducted by Mr. Smith at Waukazooville (Northport) with^mail
consisting of two letters and the religious paper^"The Evangelist" and "The
Youth's 'Cabinet," evidently the first name of "The Youth's Companion."
They came across the bay from the mission conducted by Rev<^^ Peter
Dougherty and returned the same way carrying two letters, one to the 'Evan-
gelisl," and the other a corrected weather report for the Smithsonian Institute
at Washington. These letters were forwarded from Old Mission to M^ackinaw
and from there to their destination by way of Saginaw." August 27, nearly
two months later, mail again arrived from Mackinaw by boat direct by Indian
messenger "Ponite," bearing a letter of instruction to the missionary inform-
ing the settlements that the coming Indian payment by the government would
be made at Mackinaw. Heralds were sent out to carry the message to all
Ottawas of the region. No mention of mail is made again until October 6,
when Mr. Smith went by boat to Old Mission where they held a meeting of the
citizens "to petition for a postoflfice and for the organization of a town." Mail
did not arrive in the north again until Joseph Thacker arrived May 3, 1850,
with several letters, returning May 7 for Detroit with the outgoing mail. The
following day Chief Shob-wa-sung arrived with one letter. Mail arrived at
long intervals until December 11, 1850, when Rev. Smith settled the postotlice
bill for the past vear, found the whole $4.01. Had previously paid $1.20. so
paid in settlement $2.81. Took receipt for $4.00. "Left $2.00 with John
Campbell to send to the Youth's Cabinet for the current year." Little mail
arrived in the region in the winter of 1851 until the first of April through the
unfaithfulness of the contractor at Saginaw. Mr. Whitcher brought this mail
and received $2 toward carrying it the past winter and 20 cents for two letters
brought at this time.

Now the mail began straggling in by messenger and by vessels entermg
the bay, among which were the Merrill of Northport, the Arrow, Capt. Michael
Fitzgerald of Old Mission, the Venus, Capt. Peter Nelson, the Yankee of Mack-
inaw"^ and the Cherokee, of Racine, Wis. The Michigan, the first steamerto
enter the bay, came April 14, 1851, and brought much news from the outside

world.

The first mails were brought from Mackinaw and probably the first man to
distribute mail in the Grand Traverse region was Lewis Miller at Old Mission.
The postoflfice was not formally established until 1851, when W. R. Stone of
Old Mission was appointed the first postmaster with no salary, the location
being in the little log house where he lived with his family, the mail being
kept in a raisin box nailed to the wall.

14 OLD SETTLERS OF THE

The mail carrier at first was an Indian who was taken by boat across the
bay to a point north of Elk Rapids, from which place he took his northerly
jaunt of a hundred miles. On his return he built a monster bonfire to sig^nal
his safety, and the postmaster then made arrangements to go across after him.
There were no postage stamps, the carrier receiving 25 cents per letter directly
from the writer. William Davenport, of Mackinaw Island, was one of the later
mail carriers, his route being between his island home and this postoffice at
Grand Traverse, a trip being made every two weeks. His outfit for the winter
trip consisted of four large hound dogs and a toboggan sledge, capable of
carrying heavy loads. A stop was always made over night at Beaver Island
when Lake Michigan was frozen over, where crowds greeted the messenger to
hear news of the outside world.

In the spring of 1852 a squad of twenty Indians with the same number of
dogs came from the upper peninsula on their way to Croton 120 miles south
of Grand Traverse, where they were to get the U. S. mail accumulated there
for them during the winter. They returned past the post of the Grand Traverse
region, the Indians on snow shoes walking in single file ahead of the dog
trains so that the progress of the dogs might be made easy. From six to
eight dogs were harnessed to a sledge in tandem style upon which were
strapped the mail bags and supplies. As a precautionary measure one trust-
worthy Indian walked behind the train to see that all was well.

Ann Dakin, a servant in the boarding house of Hannah, Lay & Co., was
a visitor at her home at Old Mission at the time and to her fell the lot of
bringing back the long-sought mail. Fully one hundred pounds were strapped
to her back with which she walked alone to Traverse City.

In the winter of 1852-3 Mr. A. T. Lay made a trip to Washington and was
successful in obtaining a postoffice at the head of the bay. The name at Old
Mission was Grand Traverse. In consultation with the postoffice department
it was decided to change the name of the Grand Traverse office to Old Mission
and cut off Grand and add City to Traverse and call the one at the head of the
bay Traverse City. The mail arriving now came from the south instead of
from the north, Indian "Jake" Ta-pa-sah packing it over the Indian trail on foot,
Mr .Lay taking the first year's contract for $400 per year. Before the expiration
of the year the increase in mail nearly doubled and Hugh McGilHs was engaged
to carry by the aid of a horse — he cutting the first road from here to Herring
creek on the lake shore road. The road from the south led along the lake
shore, past White Hall, Ludington, Manistee to Sleeping Bear point, thence
through the woods connecting with the road made by Hugh McGillis.

Dr. D. C. Goodale, who arrived in April, was appointed the first post-
master with Henry D. Campbell assistant. In 1861 a change of administration
caused a corresponding change in the postoffice and Henry D. Campbell
succeeded to the office. Chas. H. Marsh succeeded H. D. Campbell. Others
will be mentioned later.

For four years previous to the opening of the G. R. & I. railroad from Big
Rapids Henry D. Campbell undertook the herculean task of transporting the
bulky pouches and freight and passenger traffic from Big Rapids to Traverse
City, ninety-six miles away.

William F. Harsha drove the stage from Big Rapids every day for two
years. He was succeeded by his brother John G. Harsha, who drove the stage
from Cadillac to Traverse City for a number of years. Among the drivers of
this famed stage route were William Newman, Jerome Schell and William
Durr.

The following is a complete list of the local postmasters from 1853:
Dr. D. C. Goodale, H. D. Campbell, Chas. H. Marsh, Rev. H. P. Barker, S. C.
Fuller. Thos. T. Bates, M. E. Haskell, E. L. Sprague, George W. Raff. A. V.
Friedrich, Geo. W. Raff, O. P. Carver, Frank Friedrich, Emanuel Wilhelm.

GRAND TRAVERSE REGION

EMANUEL WILRELM

Posiniasier

MYRON E. HASKELL

Assistant Postmaster

THE TRAVERSE CITY POSTOFFICE

Prior to 1850, the region north of the Muskegon river was an unbroken
wilderness with but one postoffice, located at what is now known as Old
M^slon The nearest office to the south was at Croton, on the Muskegon
river a distance of 120 miles, and to the north the nearest office was located
at Mackinaw and more than 100 miles had to be covered m order to reach this

^°'"Mail was transported by Indians over Indian Trails from Croton to Old
Mission and Mackinaw and so it was very irregular and uncertam, particularly
durTng the winter season. The Traverse City Post Office was established in
1853 with semi-monthly mail service; the late Dr. D. C. Goodale was appoint-
ed Postmaster and the first U. S. Mail received consisted of ^^even letters^ and a
few newspapers. However the office began to grow until in 1872 to 1874 when
two clerks were required to take care of the increased business, with Mr. b. C.
Fulle presiding as Postmaster. Mr. Myron E. Haskell soon made his appear-
ance as clerk in the office and it was not long before it became apparent to the
Postmaster that Mr. Haskell could handle about all the work, and so h. let
him do it and gave the other clerk a long vacation. About this time there
we^e seven stage routes going out of here to such places as Northport, Empire
Glen Haven. Elk Rapids, Old Mission, Frankfort, Cheboygan, etc., and durmg
two and a h;if years Mr. Haskell opened every pouch of mail that was received
and closed every pouch that was dispatched, workmg from 5 a. m. until 10 or

^^ ^ The^ gmss receipts of the office were about $4000 per year at that time and
it may be said that this was the foundation upon which was constructed a
business that developed from year to year until it has ^^^f.^^ed its present pro-
portions. The Traverse City Post Office at the present time is doing a busi
ness of over $44,000 annually, and so holds the position of First Class with

OLD SETTLERS OF THE

twenty-one other post offices in the state of Michigan. Recently this has been
made the "Central Accounting Office'' for Grand Traverse Countv and a depos-
itory for this whole northern region which includes over sixty of the smaller
offices and the business is constantly increasing. There are twenty-eight
employed in this office at present with a monthly pay roll of more than $3000.
One of the oldest employes is Mr. Haskell who has been identified with the
office for more than a quarter of a century, and many people would feel that
they had not been in the building if he did not maks'his appearance, and to his
credit may be said that he is one of the best posted men on Postal Laws and
Regulations in the State of Michigan. The constantly increasing business of
the office is being well taken care of by the present postmaster, Emanuel
Wilhelm, who is one of our old settlers and constant booster for the Queen
City of the North.

"JAKE" TA-PA-SAH
Indian Jake was the first mail carrier from the south to Traverse City in 186:5, bein? in the emDlov of Mr ■V T
Lay. who had the contract for this year-"Jake packing it over the Indian trail on "00^ from Croton a rmj^^

town m Newajro County on the -Muskegron river.

PIONEERS AND PIONEERING

By S. E. Wait

Old Mission seemed to be the objective point for the first white settlers,
there being earlier and more convenient communication between that point and
Mackinaw by vessels sailing between the two places. The first white settlers
were Rev. Peter Dougherty and Rev. John Fleming, who landed in Mission
Harbor in May, 1839. They had spent the previous winter in Mackinaw and
had come to establish a mission for the Presbyterian Board. There were no

GRAND TRAVERSE REGION 17

visible signs of the presence of man save a few bark wigwams in a narrow
break in the fringe of the forest. Only one Indian was found in the village,
the rest of the band being encamped at the mouth of the river on the opposite
side of the bay. A signal made with a column of smoke by the Indian had the
elTect of bringing over a canoe full of young men who came to inquire what
they wanted. On finding that the errand was to establish a mission for the
purpose of giving religious teaching they said the head Chief would come in a
few days and then they would get an answer. On arrival of the old Chief
Ish-qua-go-na-ba a council was held and it was decided to establish a mission.
The location was first fixed on the south side of Elk River, but after consulting
the wishes of the young chief Agosa and the principal men of the tribe at
Mission Harbor they were convinced that the harbor was a more eligible site
for the mission. An unexpected blow fell on their mutual plans. A messen-
ger came from Mackinaw with word that Mr. Fleming's wife had died suddenly
at that place. Mr. Fleming with the four men who came with him, immediate-
ly embarked in their boat for Mackinaw. He never returned to the Mission.
With the exception of a party of surveyors at work east of Elk and Torch
Lakes Mr. Dougherty was now the only white settler in the country.

About the 20th of June Henry R. Schoolcraft, Indian agent, arrived in a
small vessel, accompanied by Robert Graverat as his interpreter, and Isaac
George as Indian blacksmith. Arrangements were immediately made for
opening a school with Mr. Dougherty's interpreter, Peter Greensky as teacher.
The school was located in a little bark wigwam that the Indians had vacated
for Mr. Dougherty's use. In the fall John Johnson arrived with a yoke of
oxen as Indian farmer. In the fall of 1841, besides Indian wigwams there
were five log buildings at the mission, the school house and four dwellings.

The dwellings were occupied by Mr. Dougherty, missionary; Henry Brad-
ley, mission teacher; John Johnson, Indian farmer; and David McGulpin,
assistant farmer. As regards race, the little community, the only representa-
tive of Christian civilization in the heart of the savage wilderness was some-
what mixed. John Johnson was a half Indian with a white wife; McGulpin
was a white man with an Indian wife; all the others except Greensky, the in-
terpreter, were whites. It was at this time that Joseph Dame and Lewis
Miller arrived. Mr. Dame had secured the appointment of Indian farmer to
succeed John Johnson. Lewis Miller resolved to accompany him, more for
the novelty of the thing than from any definite purpose, with reference to the
future. With them came Mrs. Dame and their children, Eusebius F., Almira
and Mary. Olive M. came the following year. About 1842 a more commodi-
ous dwelling and a mission church was commenced by Mr. Dougherty. The
dwelling was the first frame building erected in the Grand Traverse country.
The church had solid walls built after the Canadian French style of hewn cedar
timbers, laid one upon an other and kept in place by the ends being fitted into
groves in upright posts. The church is owned by the Methodist Episcopal
.Society and is still used as a house of worship. Among the earlier settlers,
not connected with the mission or agency, were Lewis Miller, Alexander Paul,
H. K. Cowles, John Swaney and Martin S. Wait. By 1850 the little group of
wigwams and log cabins had grown to a village of considerable size. The
Indians had generally abandoned their early style of wigwams, and were living
in houses built of hewn logs and whitewashed on the outside. Seen from a
distance the village presented a pretty and inviting appearance. According to
their original custom, the Indians lived in the village and cultivated their
gardens some distance away. In November, 1850 my father's family arrived
at the Mission, having left Mackinaw a few days previous on the schooner
Arrow, which had been making weekly trips between the two ports. The
vessel was so laden with household goods that her rigging was tied full of
chairs and the lighter articles that could not be stowed on deck or in the hold.

18 OLD SETTLERS OF THE

We rented a house for the winter and the next spring purchased the residence
of Daniel Rodd, the interpreter, which remained in possession of the family
until 1884. A project of removing the Indians beyond the Mississippi was at
one time seriously considered by the Government. They cultivated small
patches of ground, from one acre to six. They had no title to these. The
terms of the treaty by which they were to retain their lands had expired. The
white settlers wanted the lands, and the question arose what to do with the
Indians. A deputation sent to examine their proposed new home in the West
reported unfavorably. They determined not to be removed. At this juncture
the adoption of the revised State Constitution of 1850 made citizens of all
civilized persons of Indian descent not members of any tribe. They could
purchase land of the Government as citizens. The land on the Peninsula was
not yet in market. That on the west shore was.

By the advice of Mr. Dougherty several families agreed to set aside a
certain amount from their next annual payment for the purchase of lands. The
Indians on the Peninsula held possession of considerable portions of the lands
but could give no legal title. They could, however, sell their possessory
rights, and the whites recognizing the eligibility of the location for agricultural
pursuits became purchasers, taking the chances of obtaining a title from the
Government at a future time.

NEW MISSION

Seeing that the Indian community at the mission would finally be broken
up Mr. Dougherty concluded to change the location of the mission itself.
Accordingly purchase was made of an eligible tract of land suitable for a farm
and a manual labor school on the point near the place now called Omena, in
Leelanau County, to which he removed early in the spring of 1852. This was
now the New Mission and the other has ever since been known as Old Mission.
The New Mission point had been occupied by a band of Indians called by the
name of their chief Shawb-wah-sun's band, some of whose gardens were
included in the tract purchased by Mr. Dougherty. The tribe known a s the
Pa-shaw-ba Indians, who were located on the east side of the peninsula, about
half way up the East Bay, moved at this time to a point on the west shore of
West Bay, about half way between New Mission and Suttons Bay, and a
Catholic Mission was established there. Father Mrack, who was afterwards
bishop of the Northern Peninsula, had charge of this Mission for a number of
years. The manual labor school at New xMission was opened in the fall follow-
ing the removal. The number of pupils was limited to fifty, twenty-five of
each sex. Young children were not received, except in one instance, the rule
was suspended in favor of two homeless orphans. When received into the
school, the pupils were first washed and clothed; the common clothing of both
sexes consisted of coarse but decent and serviceable material. The boys were
employed on the farm, the girls in housework and sewing. At five o'clock in
the morning the bell rang for all to rise. At six o'clock it called all together
for worship. Soon after worship breakfast was served, the boys sitting at one
table, the girls at another. After breakfast all repaired to their daily labor
and worked till half past eight, when the school bell called them all to the
school room.

At the time of the war of the rebellion the Board became financially em-
barrassed and the work of the mission was discontinued.

In 1868 Mr. Dougherty sold the farm consisting of 568 acres, 100 of which
were improved, to Valentine C. Mills of Iowa, for $5000. In 1883 the property
was purchased by a party of Cincinnati gentlemen who proposed to improve it
for a summer resort, rebuilding the mission house to be three stories and a

GRAND TRAVERSE REGION 19

mansard roof and to be 60x76 feet in size. It is 113 feet above the bay, seventy
six feet from ground to top of cupola, contains thirty-five sleeping rooms, two
parlors, spacious halls, verandas, dining room, etc.

PIONEER WEDDING

The pioneer wedding was that of Miss Olive Dame of Old Mission, to Mr.
Ansel Salisbury of Wisconsin, in the fall of 1842. Mr. Dougherty wished that
the Indians should profit by acquaintance with the institutions of Christian
civilization. Accordingly, by the consent of all parties, it was arranged that
the ceremony should take place in public. At a convenient hour in the morn-
ing the little school house was filled with a mixed company of whites and
Indians. The bride was in simple attire as befitted the occasion and surround-
ings. The Indian women in their bright shawls and beaded moccasins, and
the Indian men, some of them clothed in a style only a degree or two removed
from the most primitive undress, all looking gravely on apparently unmoved.
The whites were dressed in their Sunday best, which, in most cases, were
somewhat rusty. The marriage rite was simple and impressive. The couple
departed immediately on their wedding tour in a large birch bark canoe for
Mackinaw, navigated by four Innians. They remained a few days in Macki-
naw then embarked on a steam boat for their home in Wisconsin. The next
wedding of the pioneers was that of Lewis Miller to Miss Catherine Kiley.
They were married in Mackinaw in September, 1845, took their wedding trip
on the vessel, "Lady of the Lake," and after a tempestuous voyage landed at
Old Mission. Their first child, Henry L. Miller, was the pioneer white child
of Grand Traverse.

It was discovered by the early settlers that there were extensive abandon-
ed Indian gardens on the high laads back of where Norwood now stands.
These were covered by dense grass and a bearing apple orchard. My father
decided that here would be a good opportunity to get trees with which to start
an orchard. Accordingly, when the school had closed in the spring of 1852,
on the schooner Madeline in Bowers Harbor, he engaged her to bring the trees
to Old Mission. There being no dock at the place she was obliged to anchor
out some distance while the trees were brought on board with the yawl. They
ware set oat on our farm, grew fiaely aud are now the oldest trees on the
peninsula.

REV. GEORGE N. SMITH

The pioneer of Northport was Rev. George N. Smith, a Congregational
minister, who had spent two years in missionary work among the Indians of
Black River, Allegan County. In 1838 a meeting of Ottawa and Chippewa
Indians was called at Allegan for the purpose of talking over a scheme for
their colonization. Mr. Smith was the foremost actor in the movement. He
at once went to work to perfect the colonization scheme, laboring day and
night, sometimes to the neglect of his family. During this time he visited
different tribes of Indians, raising means wherever possible. In hunting a
suitable location it became necessary to travel from the Straits of Mackinaw to
the southern boundary of the state. One memorable trip was made in canoes
from Allegan to Cross Village, north of Little Traverse Bay. This trip
occupying a month and three days was attended with perils and dangers by
land and water. The Indians finally determined to locate on Black River in
Ottawa County, whither they moved in the summer of 1839. Mr. Smith also
established his family there, having first erected a log house in which to live.

In 1847 a colony of Hollanders settled on Black Lake in close proximity to
the Indians. It seems the former encroached upon the latter to such an extent
as to make it necessary for the Indians to locate elsewhere as a matter of self-
protection. So in the summer of 1849 he, with his family and forty or fifty

20 OLD SETTLERS OF THE

Indian families, removed from Black River to Grand Traverse Bay.

NORTHPORT

A village was laid out and called Waukazooville, after the chief Waukazoo.
The name was afterward changed to Northport. Mr. Smith's position as
missionary was one of responsibility and toil. He was preacher, doctor,
teacher, judge and adviser-general combined. He healed their sick, settled
their disputes and educated them. He was often compelled to make long trips
with the Indians, leaving his family alone in the woods for weeks at a time.

The other pioneers of Northport were James McLaughlin, Indian farmer,
and William H. Case who came in 1849 up the coast on the schooner "Merrill"
of which Mr. McLaughlin was the owner.

TRAVERSE CITY

The pioneers of Traverse City were Horace Boardman who came in 1847
to erect a saw mill, and Michael Gay who sailed Mr. Boardman's vessel the
"Lady of the Lake." The little craft was later sent to the Manitou Islands to
bring a party of employees who, it had been arranged, should come as far as
the islands by steamer. The passengers were Mr. Gay's young wife, then
about sixteen years of age, and her four month's old baby, Mr. and Mrs.
Duncan, Ann VanAmburg and several carpenters. A house was built of hewn
logs near the foot of Boardman Lake and a small saw mill was built on the
creek that had its sources in the hills to the south and west of the bay, across
which a dam was built to raise the water to get power. A tent was construct-
ed of some sails for the accommodation of the two married couples and girl.
The single men shifted for themselves as best they could. The company lived
in this manner during the summer. Immediately on the arrival of the car-
penters, all hands were set to work on the mill. The "Lady of the Lake"
made a trip to Manistee after plank for the flume. When the frame was ready
all the white men at Old Mission and several Indians came to help raise it.
Then some of the first boards were used to complete the block house which up
to that time had remained unfinished.

HANNAH, LAY & CO.

In May, 1850, three young men in Chicago entered into partnership under
the firm name of Hannah, Lay & Company for the purpose of carrying on the
lumber trade. The firm opened business on the corner of Jackson and Canal
streets, buying their stock by the cargo in the harbor. Early in 1851 they
conceived the project of having somewhere a saw mill of their own for making
lumber, thus saving to themselves the profit they were now paying the manu-
facturer. Falling in with Mr. Curtis, one of the mechanics who had built the
Boardman mill, they obtained from him their first knowledge of the country on
Grand Traverse Bay. Captain Boardman found that the mill, as managed by
his son, was not profitable and concluding it would be wise to dispose of it
proposed to sell it to the new firm. So Mr. Hannah, accompanied by William
Morgan and Captain Boardman, after a tempestuous voyage on the little
schooner Venus riding a gale of three days duration on Lake Michigan,
arrived at the head of the bay to view the property. The mill was not running.
On entering the house the hands were all found there amusing themselves
with the game of old sledge. After shaking hands all around, Captain Board-
man said to his son, "Horace, how is this that you are not running the mill."
He replied, "Father, it was a little rainy today; the boys outside could not
work very well and they wanted the men in the mill to make up the number
for the game so I concluded to shut down for a time in order that they might
have a little fun." A proposition of Captain Boardman's was accepted by the
new firm by which they came into possession of his entire interest in the mill
building and about two hundred acres of land. The following season a new
mill run by steam power was erected on the strip of land between the river

GRAND TRAVERSE REGION 21

and the bay. Various changes took place in the growth of the firm and com-
munity, until the time when the work which naturally belongs to the church
became of interest to the people.

FIRST CHURCHES

The first Methodist class in Traverse City was organized by Rev. D.
R. Latham April 11, 1858, consisting of William Fowle, Mrs. Dr. Goodale and
five others. The meetings were held in the school house which had recently
been built. Mr. Latham's voluntary labors ended in the fall of 1858, at which
time he was admitted to conference and appointed to the Elk Rapids circuit.
He was succeeded by Rev. W. W. Johnson. In the fall Rev. S. Steele came
charged with the double relation of pastor and presiding elder.

In 1862 two young men, Rev J. H. Crum and Rev. Leroy Warren, were
sent here by the Congregation'al Church at Oberlin, Ohio. Mr. Crum remain-
ing here and Mr. Warren going to Elk Rapids. After three month's preaching
every alternate Sunday and much pastoral visitation, the way was prepared for
the organization of a church of ten members, including the pastor and his wife.
Articles of faith, covenant and by-laws were agreed upon. An invitation was
then extended to the one or two (Congregational Churches and Congregational
ministers as were in the Grand Traverse region to come in council and proceed
to the service of public organization. So on the morning of February 2, 1863,
an audience of about fifty assembled in the little village school house and
listened attentively to the services conducted by Rev. Charles Bailey of Ben-
zonia, and in the afternoon to a sermon by Rev. George Thompson, also of
Benzonia; then came forward and asserted to the articles of faith and the cove-
nant the following persons: Rev. J. H. and Mrs. J. H. Crum, Leroy C. Blood
and Mrs. Fannie E. Blood, Amos and Mrs. Cecelia Hill, Elvin L. Sprague,
Mrs. Mary Sprague and Mrs. Caroline McLeod. Rev. Leroy Warren of Elk
Rapids, assisted in the services and after the administration of the communion
Elvin L. Sprague was elected deacon and L. C. Blood, clerk, and the first
Congregational Church of Traverse City came into existence.

BENZONIA

The real pioneer and instigator of Benzonia College was Rev. Charles E.
Bailey of Medina, Ohio. About the year 1855 the idea of a Christian colony
and college as one of the best agencies for laying a foundation for good in the
world took definite shape in his mind. Later he learned that some of the
people attending the ministry of the Rev. M. W. Fairfield were entertaining a
similar project. A meeting was held at Mr. Bailey's house and a plan of
operation agreed upon and Messrs. Bailey and Fairfield undertook to find a
suitable location. After a toilsome journey of exploration through a part of
Iowa they returned to Medina, when Mr. Fairfield withdrew from the enter-
prise. Some time latef Mr. Bailey's brother John had clipped from the New
York Tribune an article written by Deacon Dame describing in glowing terms
the country around Grand Traverse Bay. While the Bailey brothers were dis-
cussing plans, Mr. Chauncey L. Carrier, on his way west in search of a home,
called on Rev. A. D. Barber, an old school friend, who informed him of the
project in which the Bailey's were engaged and induced him to j(unthem. Mr.
Carrier never became a resident of Grand Traverse country. A sincere friend
of the oppressed and a lover of his country, he offered himself in their and her
defence, joined the First Michigan Cavalry and laid down his life during the
struggle in the rebellion. Some time after the close of the war Mr. Carrier's
family became residents of Benzonia.

It is not necessary for me to go into detail of the pioneering of Benzonia.
It is already known of the conscientuous and careful search and investigation of
different portions of Iowa, Missouri and Michigan, by Mr. Bailey and his asso-

22 OLD SETTLERS OF THE

ciates which finally terminated in the selection of this beautiful spot for the
location of their homes and the Benzonia college and school fifty-six years ago.
Looking back from this distance the pioneer days seem to us more full of
privations, perils and struggles than they really were. Distance exaggerates
them. Some one who had not been there could write up the struggles, perils
and privations of the pioneers much better than I. Yet I know that it took
young men and women of brain and brawn, of courage and determination to
risk the outlook of labor and trial incident to the opening and clearing up of a
new country. Hardships and pleasures were intimately mixed in the exper-
iences of ihe pioneer. A young friend of mine, George W. Ladd, who had
taught the first school at Elk Rapids and later had taken up a "forty," wrote
me as follows: "This evening finds me here in my little cabin which over-
looks Elk lake as it spreads its silver sheet of unrivaled beauty before me.
Darkness is shutting in the scene, a huge pile of logs is on fire which aifords
novel music to my ear and sends gleams of light upon the giant trunks of the
surrounding trees, while the shrill voice of the loon is loudly borne on the cool
night air. A candle afTords me a light while I attempt to trace out and follow
the nice little blue lines on the white paper."

It might seem a hardship but it was a pleasure to wade through the snow
and tackle those lofty beech and maple trees until they came crashing down,
then chip into them and split off a slab, repeat the process until they had their
winter's supply of fuel. It was a pleasure to go to sleep to the song of the
whip-poor-will, and rise in the morning to the music of the robin. It was a
pleasure to make up a sleigh load of neighbors, go to some sugar camp and fill
up on wax and hot sugar.

The weekly mail was sometimes stretched out to three and four weeks.
It came bv way of Mackinaw. In winter over the trail. In summer by sail
vessel. We used to go up to "Look-out" where we could see way down the
bay and watch with intense interest the coming in sight of the little schooner.

With joy we hailed the coming sail

As round the point with speed
The "Yankee" or the "Wah-bi-zee"

Were striving for the lead.
The "Madeline" and "Arrow" too,

Would gladly greet our eyes
As weekly trips from Mackinaw

They brought us our supplies.
O, blessed are the memories

Before our vision flow
Of the days when we were pioneers

Sixty years ago.

The Indians were our fellow men

Ahgosa was their chief
And prominent to our memory

Come names to our relief;
Of Ah-ka, Ke-sis, Ke-wa-din,

Sah-gun and Ge-ganse,
Ke-wa-be-skum, Kah-bo-ne-ka,

Pe-na-she-ge-zhik, Anse.
(), these were faithful friends of yore,

No Indian was our foe
In the days when we were pioneers,

Sixty years ago.

GRAND TRAVERSE REGION 23

Our early life was glad and free

Yet dangers closed us round,
But here among the grand old trees

Freedom we sought and found;
Oft through our dwellings wintry blasts

Would rush with shriek and moan
We cared not, they were rude but strong

And then they were our own.
O, free and sturdy lives we led

Mid verdure or mid snow
In the days when we were pioneers,

Sixty years ago.

But now our course of life is short

And as from day to day,
We're walking on with halting step

And pausing by the way
Another land more bright than this

To our dim sight appears,
And on our way to it, we'll soon

A_gain be pioneers.
And while we linger we may all

A backward glance still throw
To the days when we were pioneers.

Sixty years ago.

The second early poem, "Our Bay," was written at Elk Rapids by S. E.
Wait and appeared in the Grand Traverse Herald April 8, 1859.

OUR BAY

Would you view a scene that's lovely.

Waters deep and crystal clear;
Would you see a varied landscape,

Water foreground, forests near,
Hills and valleys in the distance

Mingling with the ether gray;
If you would behold such scenery

Gaze upon our beauteous Bay.

Birds have sung of bay of Venice

Teeming with its gondoliers,
Sending forth their evening music

To some fair one's list'ning ears;
Lake Geneva 'mid the mountains,

Bay of Biscay, seaman's dread.
But, as yet, our Bay remaineth

Quite unsung, almost unread.

Here we see the native Indian

Gliding in his light canoe.
And the lofty bearing vessel

Coming gallantly in view,
Bringing foreign products to us,

Taking our produce away.
And oft we see the noble steamer

Cleave the waters of our Bay.

24 OLD SETTLERS OF THE

The varied shores are oft indented

With harbors, spacious and secure;
While villages are rising near them

With energy that will endure.
We see the forest fast receding

In various spots along the shore
The farmer's house and barn are standing

Where Indian wigwams stood before.

Here the ]Uk and Boardman rivers,

(Scarce existed streams more clear)
Smoothly glide along unheeding

The large saw mills standing near
Sending forth dolorous music

Made by wheels and saws, and cranks,
Forming lumber for the market

From the stately forest ranks.

Look from shore upon the waters

When they're raging, capped with white,
As the gale sweeps from the northward,

Awakening the water sprite;
See the close reefed vessel, ploughing

Through the billowy, raging foam.
Steering for some pleasant harbor

As an exile to his home.

And again in autumn evening

When calmness reigns upon its breast
And the sun's bright rays are gleaming

From the portals of the west
Coloring the distant tree tops

With brilliant tints of golden sheen,
And the etherial blue appeareth

Free from clouds or fog, serene.

Beauteous Bay! thy scenes are lovely,

Indeed they are a charming sight,
When we view thee in the daytime.

Or when moon adorns the night;
When thy waves are loudly roaring.

Breaking on the steadfast shore,
Or when calmness reigns upon thee

And thy waves have ceased to roar.

THE PIONEER WOMAN'S PART

By A/i/nn'e I fail .Xii/io/so/i

Side by side with man's noble achievement down through the past years
of progress went an influence quiet, yet forceful and lasting. It was Woman's
Part, often a share that has achieved wonderful results, for the active work of
man has been supplemented by a touch that meant encouragement in dark days,
sympathy in days of hope and joy in days of realization. Possibly woman's
work seemed to a casual observer a round of homely duties. In i)art this is
true, yet these were but an integral part of her full life. The wives of our

Ci R A N 1) TRAVERSE REGION 25

pioneers were without exception women of resource and community workers
of rare worth and lived lives of cheerfulness and courage during the early
years of labor and privation. I could mention them by the score in our own
community and in your own community you recall the names of those who
may be but names to you perhaps, yet those blessed lives were lived for others
and are indelible on the pages of pioneer history.

Then there came an innate longing for something outside the narrow
routine, a something that tended toward mental cuUure. Thus libraries and
study clubs were formed. In our early village life it meant the birth of the
Ladies' Library Association, which dates back to 1869, when eight women
came at the call of Mrs. Morgan Bates, a woman of force and character, the
wife of the Lieutenant Governor of Michigan. She was a woman of all others
to organize and carry out such an enterprise, a woman who to abundant means
and leisure added a vigorous will, courage that was never daunted and a
patience that never tried. She was ready for any emergency. On one occa-
sion a huge squash, weighing one hundred pounds, that had taken a prize at
the Agricultural fair that fall was given to some one and as a joke was passed
on to the Ladies' Library Association,

The spirit of Mrs. Morgan Bates was equal to the occasion and she
accepted it with a profusion of thanks and immediately made it up into an
enormous quantity of squash pies, called a squash pie social at her home and
netted the society an even twenty dollars.

That year 1871, the gross receipts were $400, the best the society knew
for some years, for the next year Mrs. Morgan Bates died and her helpers
unused to the work almost gave up, some thought there was no use, but a few
brave souls said, "No, we will not give up, we will do our best and make the
association the success she would have made it." It was uphill work but they
succeeded and now have a beautiful brick building of their own with about 200
members and nearly four thousand books.

In the early church life as well as today the pastors' wives have taken an
active part in almost every phase of church work. We read of Mrs. Steele,
wife of Rev. S. Steele of Northport, starting the first Sunday School with
forty pupils; that school has continued to the present time; also that she sup-
plied the pulpit very acceptably when Mr. Steele was away. I was asking
some one about Mrs. R. Hatch, wife of one of our first pastors. "Oh, she was
a lovely woman," was the response. "What did she do?" I asked. "What
didn't she do in those early days?" was the enthusiastic reply. That was
tribute enough, and so it is with many more.

The first Sunday School in Traverse City was begun in June, 1853, in the
little log school house. It was under the supervision of Mr. Scofield assisted
by Mrs. Dr. Goodale. Mr. Lay encouraged the enterprise by his presence and
approval, and Miss Scofield, afterward Mrs. John Black, usually came with her
brother, though the teaching was done by Mr. Scofield and Mrs. Goodale.
There was no necessity for a numerous corps of teachers, as there were only
eight pupils in the school. There were no Sunday School books or papers or
singing books — nothing but the bible. It is related that on one occasion the
four persons assembled at the school house and waited for the children who
failed to appear. At length Mrs. Goodale proposed that her companions
should wait while she go out and look for them. She found them not
far off picking and eating huckleberries, their hands and faces all stained with
the purple juice, in which condition she managed to gather them into the school
house. On questioning the children as to what their parents knew of their
doings, it come out that the latter had gone for a boat ride. At the approach
of cold weather the Sunday School was closed. It was not reopened the next
season on account of the absence that summer of Mr.- Lay and Mr. Scofield.

26 OLD SETTLERS OF THE

Sometime afterwards Mr. Lay's mother sent eighty volumes of Sunday School
books to Traverse City.

During my term of fourteen years as secretary of our school I have
watched the changes, seen the advancement and become acquainted with the
noble band of teachers, many from the public school who have given the
precious Sunday hour of rest to the young life in which their interest centers.

REMINISCENCES OF GRAND TRAVERSE REGION

By Mrs. Martha Gray

Grand Traverse region was once holy ground. It was here the Great
Manitou came down to meet and bless His children. In those shadowy dells
from many a dark bosom went up a fervent prayer to the Great Spirit who had
not written His laws for them on the tables of stone, but had traced them on
the tables of their hearts. Here on Grand Traverse Bay occurred the awful
struggle between Manabooza, the good, and his bad brother, the evil one.
Manabooza was born of a virgin who descended from heaven and alighted on
an island, perhaps one of the Manitous. Her name was too holy to be men-
tioned, she was simply called the "Woman" by the people. The Midas, (the
priests,) only knew her name. She had two sons. Her second son was a
mischevious spirit and sowed the evil seeds of sorrow and trouble which
sprang up in the path of the people. He was finally overcome and destroyed
by Manabooza the good, to the great satisfaction of the Indians. The flint
rocks on the east shore cE Grand Traverse Bay are the remains of this evil
spirit. There are many legends of Manabooza and his struggle with the
powers of darkness personified in some visible form. In a conflict with the
evil one in the form of a fish, Manabooza was swallowed and his canoe at the
same time. But he, nothing daunted took his stone hammer from the canoe
and pounded on the heart of the great fish which threw the fish into terrible
agony and he began to make violent contortions as though he would dislodge
the enemy he had swsllowed. Then Manabooza fearing he would be thrown
into the water or drowned stopped up the throat of the fish with his canoe, and
kept on pounding on the heart of the evil one. After a period of silence and
darkness, light began to shine in and Manabooza found himself on the beach
and sea gulls were picking the flesh from the dead fish to liberate him. When
the sea serpent became envious of Manabooza he brought on a flood and
drowned all living things, and the great Manitou creation was destroyed.
Manabooza escaped by fleeing to the highest hill and climbing a tree which he
was obliged to make grow four times to keep above the water. When the
flood subsided Manabooza repeopled the earth by sticking arrows in the
ground. His symbol was the white rabbit. The grave of this wonderful man
is here in Northern Michigan on North Point near Alpena or Thunder Bay.

Grand Traverse means a long, long way round and it must have seemed a
long way to the first people who came over the Great Lakes and threaded the
pathless wilderness guided only by chart and compass, sleeping under the
everlasting stars, with giant trees for canopy while the hemlock and pine
boughs furnished a soft couch whose sweet odors soothed their weary senses
and refreshed them for toilsome onward march still farther from civilization.

Sleeping Bear Point is on the west shore of Leelanau County. It is a
huge mountain of pure white sand that has been accumulating on that point
through centuries washed up by the rsstless waves of Lake Michigan and
thrown upon the beach, where the winds, in turn have caught and carried it
forward. It is always moving, always growing for the forces that create it are

GRAND TRAVERSE REGION 27

ever in motion. Sleeping Bear was caught and imprisoned within his clasp,
the giant monarchs of the forest that grew along his path. Their tops peer
from the summit or along the sides at passerby as though in mute appeal for
liberation. But they will never be released for Old Sleeping Bear has lain
under the spell of an enchanter for centuries and will never awaken until some
throes of nature arouse him from his sleeping place beside the blue water.

In 1863 Northern Michigan was thrown into the market through the home-
stead law and from that time on its future was assured. Men began flocking
into the region and upon the close of the war nearly every quarter section was
taken, many of them by the "boys in blue," and my father, Elijah Stata, was
one who fought and found, for a time, a home in the wilderness. He was a
born pioneer. His people left Holland at the close of the Spanish wars,
crossed the Atlantic and settled in New Amsterdam. A generation or two
later they left New York and migrated up the Mohawk Valley. In another
generation or two, the country of the Mohawk becoming too settled, they
moved again, this time into Canada. Still restless and roving my father's
generation started out, each taking a different direction. My father came into
Michigan and owned a farm at Grand Ledge in an early day. He returned and
made his home in New York for a time and there married my mother. Her
parents had transmitted to their posterity the same roving inclination. They
came from England, settled in Massachusetts and belonged to the Colburns,
the Stowells and the Winchesters. Her grandfather was a paymaster in the
Revolutionary War. They belonged to the stirring times when men were
willing to lav down their lives for a good principle, to be sacrificed on the altar
of the country they had chosen for the sake of freedom.

My father served through the civil war and at the close went south to seek
his fortune in the land that had been devastated by the War God. He found a
more subtle foe lurking in the mud-beds of the Missouri River flats than ever
lay in ambush or was met on the battle field. He buried a part of his family
who had fallen victims to Asiatic Cholera and returned North the same year.
On arriving at Chicago we took passage for Ogdensburgh and on that same
steamer met a man named Johnson who was returning to Glen Arbor, having
been outside to purchase supplies. He told father such glowing stories of the
wealth of the wild, new country, the timber, the laud for nothing, the ease in
which one could become a well-to-do man that father would gladly have ended
the journey at Glen Arbor but our mother would not. The next spring father
returned and worked all summer for John Dorsey making fish barrels. White
fish were abundant in Lake Michigan at that time in 1868. That autumn my
father returned east and moved his family into Grand Traverse region. We
children were delighted and happy that the change was to be made; for we like
all children thought a new country and new people would bring us many things
and we were not disappointed though the things brought were not expected.

One sunny day in September, the Oswegatche of the Western Transporta-
tion line, Capt. Rossman in command, landed us safely on the little dock at
Glen Arbor. The only business the boat had at that dock was to take on wood
and leave us, together with another family. Glen Arbor was like many other
things one sees on maps, a name only. A dreary stretch of pure white sand, a
few cabins completely hidden by small oak and pine trees, a hotel and no
guests, a small general store owned by the Northern Transportation line, and
a postoffice kept by (icorge Ray in his home, completed the whole. Here we
began to hear the term "outside." Anyone not living here lived "outside."

Father decided we must get the things together again and finish our
journey and be in the new home before winter would be upon us. We had
been stopping in Glen Arbor until mother was strong enough to take the
journey of twenty-five miles to the farm that father had chosen. One beautiful
morning the wagons were again brought to the door and loaded and I took my

28 OLD SETTLERS OF THE

seat by my father's side, my brother Seth rode with the man who drove the
other team, and we began that toilsome journey. The country was rough and
hill upon hill rose before us. The patient horses kept climbing higher and
higher. When we had gone ten miles we came to the crest of the hills that
formed the background to Glen Arbor, and here we stopped to rest and feed
our horses and eat our lunch. From here, the view was magnificent. Stretch-
ing away over miles and miles the country and great lakes lay before us and
at the foot of the hills lay an inland lake nine miles across which was called
Glen Lake. It was only one-half mile from Lake Michigan and men had
planned to open a channel so that vessels could seek a safe harbor there from
storms that were frequently occurring on the great lake. Away over Lake
Michigan we could see the great Manitous so far away that they could be seen
only on a clear day. And to the northward lay old "Sleeping Rear." Tt was
late in the day when we came to a place where father stopped the horses.
"Now," said he, "it is only two and one-half miles home and you two will run
through the woods and get there much sooner than we can by the wagon road.
Seth, be sure and follow the blazed trees and do not lose the trail, for if you
do, you will perish in the woods." Father had six miles to make by road so
Seth took my hand and we started on the trail.

Just as night fall was upon us, we emerged from the forest into a tiny
clearing and Seth said, "This is home." There was a pond, a tiny dark pool,
the forest leaves lying deep to the water's edge. Across the pond stood a log
cabin and at the end of the pond another log cabin, and still another log build-
ing stood on a hill, the strangest looking building I had ever seen, just a
square tower whose top was surmounted by a shaft with four great arms out-
spread. The solemn stillness of everything had begun to impress me and we
were thankful that we were to have neighbors at least, for a family lived in a
house at the end of the lake, and at the other was to be our future home. We
crossed to the cabin. Seth lifted the wooden latch and we entered. The old
man whom we had met the year before and through whose influence we had
been brought to our present condition came in in the evening. It was his son
who lived in the same clearing and was to be our neighbor. His name was
Lije Johnson and his wife's name was "Marthy." "Lije" and "Marthy" it
was from the beginning. Everyone was called by his first name. Older men
were called "Old Men.'' The "Old Man" had married a second woman and
she had left him and gone to her relatives "outside." He was going in the
spring. Father had bought out the old man's improvement and that was how
we had even this small beginning in the wilderness.

It was the first day of November when mother arrived and not a day too
soon for the second day the snow began to fall gently, silently, without any
warning whatever. It snowed fifty-one days, then the sun shone out one day
only, then the snow began again as it had done it the beginning, never any
effort, never any noise, no sign of storm, no wind, no roar, no rush, just
gently, silently fell; and mother sat in the cabin and wept all the time. We
children did not run out to play for there was no place to play, nothing to play
with and we could only stand by the two little windows and watch the snow
fall and wonder if spring would ever come and it was not Christmas yet, that
joyous time *^or children, a time lost to us now, and worst of all we had no
books.

It was about Christmas time that mother decided to let vSeth, now a
healthy boy of seventeen, go to Glen Arbor to work. The men were on the
trail coming and going every week and the trail being through our clearing
they were sure to stop both ways and tell stories. Father was a genial man
and enjoyed seeing them, and mother's bread was good and the men were sure
to get some thick slices if they were coming in from Glen Arbor. The walk
of twenty-five miles was enough to sharpen any man's appetite. We had an

GRAND TRAVERSE RE (t ION 29

abundance of food for the first year and mother dispensed it with a generous
hand and the men were sure to stop. These men seeing Seth, a robust,
rollicking youth just springing into manhood thought he would enliven the
camp and they persuaded mother to let him go. He could earn some clothing
and his living, at least, and that would be of future use. The men declared he
would have work for good and earnest by another winter and the present work
would initiate him.

Seth's bundle was made ready and on Monday in company with three men
he started over the trail. In coming and going they always had a company of
three or more and walked single file. The first breaking the path for the rest,
always with his eyes on the blazed trees. When he became weary he fell out
and dropped behind and the next man took the lead, and so on. Seth being
the boy, fell in the rear and the path was a blessing, considering the heavy
bundle, his youth and the twenty-five miles.

By the first of February the snow was so deep all traveling was done on
snow shoes and the men came over the trail carrying as much provision as
they were able to "back" home. Money was not to be had in large quantities
at Glen Arbor and if they had received all money, supplies were not nearer to
them than Traverse City or Glen Arbor. Everything at Glen Arbor was under
the control of the Northern Transportation Company and good serviceable
clothing and common staples could be obtained in exchange for work per-
formed. But prices were high at the close of that awful Civil War, tea two
dollars a pound; pork and sugar twentyfive cents a pound; flour eighteen
dollars a barrel, and after the men had chopped cord wood to earn the neces-
sities of life, and then carried them home on their backs twenty-five miles they
thought that they were doubly earned and that they had paid a high price
tor them.

In the month of March the men came home to make maple sugar and Seth
came too, and doing as the rest did, he brought all he could carry and that was
a large piece of salt pork. He had earned his living, some good stout clothes
and had had enough left to purchase the pork. He had cut a hole through the
tough rind, fastened a stout string to it and was draging it through the snow
behind him. The cord wood camps were broken up. The men had come
home. The sun shone out once more and when the days grew a little warmer
the maple sap began to run up the trees and the sugar-making was on.

There was another strange thing in this new country that same spring
worth recording. The people had told us of the pigeons and how they came
there every year to nest, and that they killed them for food. They had even
gone into their nesting places and taken the squabs by the sackful and told
what fine eating they were. We had thought that these stories might have
some truth but were not prepared for the deluge that came upon us. As soon
as the buds began to swell and weather to grow warm they came by the
millions. I have seen flocks fly so low and so thick that Seth actually knocked
them down with a stick. We finally did not try to shoot them — it was a waste
of powder and shot. Once Seth killed nineteen at a single shot by firing into
a flock that were flying through the clearing. vSo we put up the gun and set
some traps by the little pond where they came down to drink and caught all we
could use. They nested just a few miles from where we were located and Seth
and I went to see them at home. Their homes were simplicity itself — a few
sticks laid on a tiny crotch of a tree — that was all and the trees were literally
full of them. How the queer nests ever held the eggs and kept them from
falling to the ground is a mystery.

The beech trees were the only nut bearing ones in the country and they
bore abundantly. That was one reason why the i^igeons came. Another
reason was the solitude which they like for their brooding and food for their

30 OLD SETTLERS OF THE

young. Some of the pigeons always lingered through the summer as though
they were watching nature to see if food would be forthcoming another year.

The first summer wore away as it had begun. There was nothing when it
opened and there was nothing at, its close — a few nubbins of corn, some
potatoes, only a little money left and starvation seemed near. We had seen
nothing but work with no results. Father was hopeful and would say, "The
country is new and all will come right in time." One thing was sure, we could
make arrangements and another season see how large a crop of maple sugar
we could gather. The nubbins of corn were carefully gathered and carefully
housed in the loft, the potatoes were stored in a deep hole under the floor,
more corn was purchased — we must ilive on that now — and we got ready for
when that awful snow was on and no one could get in or out. In the early fall
father and Seth went to Lime Lake, a mile from us, and cut down some pine
trees, sawed them into bolts, the proper length for sap buckets and piled them
ready to be hauled home when the snow came. There was so little money left
that it was decided that Seth should go to Glen Arbor the first thing in the fall
and work all winter. It might be necessary to use his wages to keep the wolf
away from the door and his clothes were made ready for his departure. We
began to understand something of how we must proceed in order to keep soul
and body together. The soul might shrivel until scarcely an atom of the
Divine be left and the body grow gaunt and ugly for want of nourishment, yet
they would cling together.

The summer had ended; we had worked, hoped and were not rewarded by
any results from toil. We had heard from the old home once or twice. The
nearest postofBce was six miles away. The mail was brought irregularly on
the back of an Indian. When I was sent to get any mail that had come, I went
with two or three other girls and it took a whole day. But there was one
advantage in that, we had to stop and rest and we were sure to stop at some
cabin and thus get acquainted with the people. The first time I met my
mother-in-law, was on my first trip to the postoflfice. I saw her a good many
times after that, for when I married I lived among my husband's people for
twenty-one years and we got pretty well acquainted.

We were less prepared for the second winter. Father and I went oyer a
mile to Lime Lake and brought home on a hand sleigh pine bolts which he
split with a fro and made into staves for sap buckets. Our cabin was turned
into a cooper shop and only on Sundays the house being specially cleared up
had any semblance of a home. By this method we kept track of Sundays.
Father made hundreds of buckets to gather the sap and tubs to hold the syrup
which was strained through heavy woolen bags to eliminate the lime. He also
made an iron pan in which to boil down the sap. These pans had sides of
wood and were placed over arches which contained the fire. ■ We made many
hundred pounds of fine maple sugar. Food was scarce and the best mother
could do was to contrive new methods of preparing the corn which was our
only dependence. Seth worked at Glen Arbor and at long intervals came with
tea and pork.

Father took the sugar with an ox team to Glen .Arbor where it was shipped
to a rich uncle of mother's in Detroit and sold to good advantage. With the
money he bought a horse and wagon and many things needed. Our aunt sent
a barrel of clothing and no present, past or future, can ever again be so
acceptable.

Our sister vSarah who had been left in New Vouk state came in .July, and
it August another sister was added to our family.

Dr. Wilson was our physician coming to us from Kasson township, Lee-
lanau county. He was an excellent doctor and line scholar, teaching school
during the winters. He was to send us some medicine and I was sent on
horseback to get it. On my return about a mile from home I met a big black

G R A NfD TRAVERSE REGION 31

bear which frightened me beyond measure. 1 screamed in my fright when the
bear turned, looked at me and scampered ofif into the woods. I never saw but
one after that and he ran one way as fast as I ran the other.

We missed Seth who was at work fifty miles away at a man's full wages,
and we also missed the tea and pork he brought on his visits. Mother could
only spare one slice of pork for a meal using the drippings to season the water
gravy for the potatoes and corn bread.

Our sugar was sold in Frankfort and supplied only a few of our many
necessities. That summer we found red raspberries and blackberries in
abundance. The crops were very poor, a little buckwheat, corn, potatoes and
"baggas." We killed our first pig. In our nine years stay on the place we
never owned a cow.

The choice of a location for a county seat was submitted to a vote of the
electors in that early day but it was not an easy matter to settle on a perma-
nent' location. Frankfort and Benzonia contested the right of ownership for
more than forty years and the county seat went like a will-of-the-wisp back-
ward and forward from one place to another time and again. The newspapers
of the early day, The Banner of Benzonia and the Express of Frankfort in long
elaborately wrought columns vented their spleen in vituperation of the success-
ful party. Perhaps the people of Benzonia would be peacefully going about
their daily avocation or sleeping quietly in their beds, never guessing anything
out of the ordinary when the summons would come for some of them to appear
at the next term of Circuit Court which would be held at the county seat at
Frankfort. Then they would awaken to the fact that the county seat had liter-
ally taken legs and walked off — but it did not remain off for long, for the same
mode of procedure would be used in reclaiming the stolen property. Finally
Frankfort won out and for several years the county seat was fixed at that
place, the discarded school building being used as a court house. People
seemed afraid to invest money in a county building when the county seat was
so insecure and liable to flit at any moment. In 1905, after more than forty
years of contention the matter of a permanent location was again submitted to
the voters and Honor, a new town on the Platte river near the center of the
county secured the coveted prize.

In 1864 a Mr. Beswick built the first saw mill in the interior of Grand
Traverse region. It was built on a little stream that emptied into Lake Ann
and is known as Ransom Creek. This mill had one muley saw whose running
capacity would cut one thousand feet of lumber in a day. In 1866 the mill fell
into the hands of the Ransom's, father and son, who built on the same stream
in 1869 a gristmill with one run of stones and capacity of grinding five bushels
of grain in an hour. Mr. Ransom's mill was kept busy. People came from
Glen Arbor, Homestead, Platte, and all over the country.

In this same year the Hannah, Lay Co. built their first gristmill at
Traverse City and Mr. Hubbell built one at Benzonia. At Traverse City there
was an excellent water power. Mr. Hubbell's mill had an over-shot well and a
little shute carried the water over the wheel and the power was the one great
dilTficulty but in time that was overcome and a better mill did service for
the people.

George Yonkers was the first regular minister sent upon our charge. He
was a very simple, unpretentious man having but little education or executive
ability but he had a firm faith in religion as a power to save and he taught the
best he could. His teaching was a simple repetition of the old Bible tales.
One Sunday it would be Noah and the Ark, another Elijah and the raven, or
Adam and Eve in the garden. He extorted the promise from us one New
Year's eve that we would read the Bible through the coming year. Ten
chapters on Sunday and three every day in the week would finish the entire
book. It was many years before the dancing parties were re-established.

32 OLD SETTLERS OF THE

The winter I was sixteen years old it was the worst winter of my life so
far as food and clothing were concerned. If we could get two new print
dresses during the year, we thought we were well clothed and one summer
mother and I had one pair of shoes between us. It is safe to say they were
worn only on rare occasions. The next summer after I was sixteen years old
I attended a Sunday school several miles from our house, the first since coming
into this new country. There would be the same singing and praying we
heard at all the meetings and the teaching consisted of our repeating as many
verses from the Bible as we had learned through the week. I have, and have
always had a remarkable memory, and that summer I committed the four
Gospels to memory and would repeat to the young man who did not teach, just
listened to us recite, as many as two hundred verses at a session. It was the
same young man who had put the wishbone over the door. He must have
been struck with this peculiar mental power and fell in love with me. I
returned the affection and the winter I was seventeen years old I was married.
He owned eighty acres of timber land and so far as finances were concerned,
nothing else. But he worked in Glen Arbor most of the time and earned food
and clothing and some money. He had no home to take me to and I was to
stay on with mother. I was fed and clothed and sometimes my good husband
brought clothes for mother too. In May when the little eleven-months-old
baby sister died it was buried in a little cofifin made by some kind-hearted man,
a few neighbors gathered, a prayer was said, a hymn sung, some tears shed
and the baby taken two miles away and laid to rest. People had begun to die
in this new country and a little cemetery was started and already several graves
gave evidence that one thing, the great Inevitable, could not be put off.

The summer after we were married my husband chopped and cleared
about one acre and built a tiny log dwelling on our eighty acres of land.
When one and a half years had passed we went there to live. We were a half
mile from water but were on level ground. I was now in my nineteenth year
— happy in the love of my husband. I had married the finest youth in the
country and our little dwelling was the best furnished for miles around. We
had six rush bottom chairs, one walnut table, a cottage bedstead, a cook stove,
two trunks, one rocking chair and some dishes, a few simple things to work
with and enough bedding for one bed. Everything was new and at that time
and in that place it had cost a large sum of money. I shall never forget the
anguish I experienced over the first thing broken. We had a large lamp, the
bottom of which got loose one day when I was washing it and the bottom fell
out and struck the stove and broke all to pieces. I cried all day. There was
a woman living a mile from me who listened to all sorrow and gave Christian
advice and this being my first loss I went to her. She had lately come into
the country and knew nothing of the privations of the people, that would come
later. When she saw me she thought some awful calamity had befallen me,
and really there had for the nearest lamp was twenty-five miles away. I told
her my trouble, and she looked strangely at me and said, "You foolish child!
Crying for a broken lamp bottom! You will cry for bigger things some day!"
and going to a box she took out a lamp bottom prettier than the one I had
broken and putting it into my hands said, "There, take that and stop your
foolish tears, and then she took some plaster of paris and showed me how to
repair the damage done.

Father had made me a very large rain water tub, it held several barrels
and this was the only well we had for several years. It would be filled with
snow in the spring and a good tight cover kept the water 'clean and with the
rain water we could catch we were usually supplied. My husband had a neck
yoke and buckets and sometimes he carried the water from a pond a half a
mile away. When my husband chopped the trees down he left a little clump
of maple saplings at one end and side of our dwelling and this gave the place

GRAND TRAVERSE REGION 33

a picturesque appearance and the very first spring we went there two robins
came and set up housekeeping in the young trees. I fed the birds and watched
over their domestic plans and mode of life and we called them "Our Birds."

In 1869, George Aylsworth moved his cord wood enterprise from the
Manitou Island and established himself on the mainland at the point now called
Empire. This opened a way for work to be obtained nearer than Glen A.rbor
or Frankfort. The blast furnace at Frankfort used thousands of cords of hard
wood in their coal kilns and many men from our section spent a part of the
winter working at that point. But it was much more difficult to get to Frank-
fort in the winter than to any other point where work could be obtained. They
usually had to make a wide detour and go by way of Inland Township making
the distance nearly forty miles. The snow was almost impassable and many
settlers along the route would not see a traveler only on snow shoes during the
entire winter.

No sooner had the country been opened up so that it was possible to get
in and out with a wagon and work had been provided so that some money
could be obtained, the settlers turned their attention to the founding of schools.
The first schoolhouses were rude log huts sometimes right in the woods. The
first teachers were often beginners and the instruction of the simplest kind.
But all this was a beginning and in a few years the young people from Ben-
zonia College began to take schools and by their higher mental development
stimulated many of the young girls of the section to attend the higher school
at Benzonia and fit themselves for teaching. In timiC the schools of Grand
Traverse region were noted for their efficient instructors.

It was a happy day when we knew the great outside world was connected
with us by a regular mail route. Sometimes it was difficult to keep the mail
movmg in the winter time, but men turned out with oxen and horses too and
helped open the way. Now when the mail route was established there was
always a road of some kind in the winter to Traverse City.

Traverse City was beginning to have a great influence in the country for a
railroad from the outside world was gradually coming that way and in Decem-
ber, 1872, reached its destination, bringing a wave ot immigration that was to
influence the country for a time, in many ways. The coming of the railroad
brought great changes to the country.

Many of the early settlers left the country and all was changed. Matt
Burnett purchased land from the government, made a large clearing, planted a
fine orchard and put up good buildings. After seven years of solitude his wife
persuaded him to move, which he did with only an accumulation of six
hundred dollars.

Mr. Hoxie mortgaged his land and started a store at Almira. At the end
of five years he closed his business and buying a small piece of land again
began all over. Two others tried the store and failed and numerous other
instances could be cited. When my father had been nine years on his land he
gave eighty acres to my brother Seth, mortgaged the remaining eighty for two
hundred and fifty dollars and left the country in 1876. To my knowledge no
one has since occupied his land.

My brother Seth was married in 1880 and had one son and two daughters.
It had been an unusually severe winter the snow lying six feet on the level
aud all the roads were blocked. Seth started out to hunt a deer. While trying
to climb over a fallen log he dropped his gun which in some way went oflf send-
ing the charge through his hand. He was miles from home but guided by his
compass he made his way to a man who had some medical skill. His rude
surgery only made matters worse so my brother went to Traverse City twenty-
five miles away where a doctor dressed the wound but used no anesthetics.
His children playing on his lap absorbed the poison and all three died with
malignant black diphtheria. Although my brother seemed to improve he

OLD

SETTLERS

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T H E

never recovered and that fall cumracted a cold which ended his life alter ten
days suffering.

Grand Traverse County is recovering from the desolation of denuded
forests with just enough material left to feed the demons of forest fires. It is
surely coming into its own with the promising products of potatoes, vegetables
and fruits.

Too late to save any of the original forests the great State of Michigan is
attempting to aid nature in the restoration of the lost wealth of trees which so
often were wasted, not utilized. Here again man thwarts the purpose by his
carelessness or greed. I could relate personal incidents of where thoughtless
acts started fires which wiped out the work of years and hopes for future
sustenance.

Leelanau's German settlement has done much for the country. The
second crop of trees has been harvested in the county but whether wisely or
not time will show. Persons searching for homes have traversed the west and
south and returned to settle in the Grand Traverse region.

SCHOOL ON THE MADELINE

S. E. IVait IVrites of the Time ivhenlle Taught Aboard the " Madeline"

"In November, 1851, five young men arrived at old Miss-'on on the
schooner "Madeline," with the intention of wintering in the vicinity. Three of
them were brothers, named Fitzgerald. William, captain of the 'Madeline,'
engaged in the fishing trade between the North shore and Mackinaw Island;

THE "MADELINE"

Michael, captain of the schooner 'Arrow,' which made weekly trips between
Mackinaw Island and Old Mission, and John, a young brother. The fourtli
was a friend of the Fitzgeralds, named William Bryce. The fifth was Edward
Chambers, who was employed as cook. They were all good seamen but were
deficient in education. An eager desire to learn was the occasion <if their
coming. Here in the wilderness they would be removed from tlie allurements
that might distract the attention in a populous part. It is probable also that

GRAND TRAVERSE R E G 1 U N

diffidence arising from a consciousness of their own deficiences made them
unwilling to enter public school where their limited attainments would be
displayed in painful contrast with those of younger pupils.

"At Old Mission, S. E. Wait, seventeen years of age, was engaged as
teacher at $20 per month and board. Bryce and the Fitzgeralds were to pay the
bill, the cook receiving his tuition in compensation for his services. The after
hold was partitioned off for a kitchen, a sash placed at an angle of forty-five
degrees over the after hatch furnished the light. A door was cut through to
the cabin which was to be used as the school room. A blackboard was
installed. The winter's provisions had been provided at Mackinaw, and when
all was in readiness, the 'Madeline' was brougnt around to what has since been
named Bowers Harbor and securely anchored for the winter. Regular hours
of study were observed, and the men voluntarily submitted to strict school
discipline. Spelling, reading, writing and arithmetic were the studies best
suited to their needs. The evenings were taken up with blackboard exercises.
At the end of each month a $20 gold piece was handed to the teacher.

"Out of school hours they had plenty of exercise in cutting wood and
bringing it on board to say nothing of the recreation of snowballing in which
they sometimes engaged with the delight of genuine schoolboys.

"The bay did not freeze over till March. Previous to the freezing, the
wood was brought on board in the yawl; afterwards it was carried over the ice.

"There was no nearer neighbor than at Old Mission, "and it'would have
been an interesting sight to have seen them start out single file on the Indian
trail on their occasional visits six miles distant to Old Mission.

"In the breaking up of the Mormon kingdom on Beaver Island in 1856,
the inhabitants scattered all through this region and a small contingent landed
at the Harbor. Nicholas Bower, after whom the harbor was named; Royal
Tucker, who later taught a weekly singing school at Old Mission, and two or
three other families were the first settlers here.

"Of the after history of the boys, William Fitzgerald sailed a few seasons
and was later appointed as government inspector of hulls at Milwaukee.
Michael sailed the schooner 'Arrow' between Old Mission and Mackinaw
Island, followed the Great Lakes a few years and finally settled down on a
farm near Port Huron. John sailed a few years and later came into possession
of a shipyard in Milwaukee. William Bryce was lost track of.

"Some years ago a yachting party consisting of J. A. Montague, C. K.
Buck, H. D. Campbell and others of Traverse City, while cruising in Lake
Superior, came across Ed Chambers as light keeper at White Fish Point.
He later conducted a livery stable on Mackinaw Island, and I think the
Chambers livery is still extant by his successors. The teacher, after many
years of varied vicissitudes became a druggist in 1875, and is that still in 1918"

vfcair^^

FROXT STI-i:%ET 1865

FIRST UNION STREET BRIDGE

OLD

SETTLERS

O F

'1~ H E

TRAVERSE LlTY SCHOOLS

The first school established at the "Head of the Bay,'' We que-tong being:
the Indian name, afterward Traverse City, was in 1863 in an abandoned log
building which had been built by John B. Spencer and used by him for a stable
while getting out logs and timber in the winter of 1851 and 52. It stood in a
wild locality some distance from the main part of the settlement— what would
now be corner Front and Wellington streets. Under the supervision of Mr.
A. T. Lay the house was repaired and furnished with such appliances as cir-
cumstances would admit of. The door was on the west side with a small
window near it, and another on the east side of the room. A stove stood in
the middle and teacher's desk near the west window. The floor was loose and
open, and one occasion teacher and girls gathered their skirts about them and
sprang upon the seats, as a snake with threatening looks and harmless intent
was seen leisurely coming up through one of the chinks.

The books were such as the pupils happened to have. Reading,

MISS HELEN R. GOODALE

Teacher LS.5.^-/S5-f

MRS. BELLE (HANNAH) AYERS

Tiaclur ISt.l

spelling, writing, arithmetic and geography were taught in the manner of the
times. The teacher was Miss Helen R. Goodale, afterward Mrs. Thos. A.
Hitchcock, daughter of Ur. D. C. Goodale who was postmaster and had charge
of Hannah, Lay and Co. 's large boarding house. Miss Helen lived with her
father's family tn the boarding house— her expenses being defrayed by patrons
of the school or assumed by Hannah, Lay ik Co. according to contract.

On the direct route the teacher had to cross the river on the boom near the
saw mill on which the men at the mill were gallant enough to help her across.
The following is the list of pupils who attended this first school. George,
John, Thomas and Elizabeth Cutler, Almond and Ellen Rutherford, Augusta,
Clarissa and Lucius Smith, Elizabeth Whitney, Daniel, Alexander, James and

GRAND

TRAVERSE REGION

Jane Carmichael, Albert Norris and Agnes Goodale, sister of the teacher.
The next summer the school was increased by the addition of James, William,
John and Richard Garland, Melissa, Emma and Anna Rice, and Ruth Williams,
also later Helen, Olive, Lucinda, Edward and Charles Blakely and the Trotman
family of three children — Jane, Alfred and Belle.

After the close of the first term Miss Helen went to Chicago, where she
spent the winter in study. Returning in the spring she was again employed to

".i M,**t*j^' ■■■/

.^^^JA,

TRAVERSE CITY'S FIRST SCHOOL HOUSE

teach in the log school house at an advance of fifty cents a week on her
former wages.

In 1855 it was found "necessary to have a school house for district No. 1,"
and a sum of $200 was voted "to be applied on said building.'' In 1856 $200,
and in 1857 $250 more. This building was one story, on the site now occupied
by the annex of Park Place hotel. In 1865 $800 was appropriated to repair the
school house and build an addition.

At the annual meeting in 1866 it was agitated to secure for school pur-
poses the "park" which had been set aside by Hannah, Lay & Co. for a public
park — and bounded by State, Park and Washington streets and Boardman
avenue. As the town grew it was not deemed advisable to maintain it for the
purpose of a park and Hannah, Lay & Co. expressed a willingness to have the
plat vacated and used either for school building purposes or sold and the pro-
ceeds applied for school building purposes. Two buildings were later erected
on this plat. All these buildings were all occupied and as the town grew the
Broadfoot building on State street was used until at our adjourned meeting on
October 14, 1876, the committee consisting of J. G. Ramsdell, H. H. Steward,
C. R. Paige, J. W. Hilton and William Holdsworth, appointed to select site for

O L 1)

S E T T 1. E R S

O F

T H E

school buildings reported in favor of securing the block bounded by Wadsworth,
Pine, Seventh and Eighth streets. This block was secured by exchange for the
east side property and later a fine High School building was erected thereon,
this showing the process of evolution from the little log stable on the bay shore.
It is impossible to pursue the building operations to the present time, so
will switch off to the matter of later teachers. In the winter (»f 1853-54 Miss
Helen Gnmon, who was visiting her sister Mrs. Dr. Charlie Holton here,
taught in the old Boardman boarding house located where what is now North
Division street just off Front street. Miss Helen Goodale again taught in
summer of 1854 in this boarding house. In the winter of 1854-55 the teacher
was Farwell Campbell, the old boarding house again being occupied by the
schools. In the winter of 1855-56 the teacher was a Prof, li^nos in a part of

Hl'.RVEYflL ANDERSON

Horn June 1, 1846. Taugfht in Traverse City
Schools 1870.

PROF. LORIN ROBERTS

Pioneer of 1870. Principal of Traverse Citv
Schools from 1872 to 1881.

what was afterward known as Front Street House. In the winter of 1856-57
the teacher was Theron Bostwick in the new district school house, corner of
Park and State streets. The Summer term of 1857 was taught by a young
lady from Old Mission. The winter term of 1859 and (iO was taught by Miss
Eugenia Steele, afterward Mrs. R. A. Campbell. The winter term of 1860-61
by Howard Bristol. Miss Belle Hannah, afterward Mrs. Ayers, taught in the
summer of 1861. The winter term of 1861-62 was taught by Mr. Cushman.
Mrs Esther H. Day, afterward Mrs. Reuben Hatch, Jr., taught in summer of
1862. The winter term of 1862-63 by Gilbert Campbell. Miss Martha E.
Cram, afterward Mrs. Thos T. Bates, took the summer term of 1863. The
1863-64 winter term was taught by Emerson Smith. Miss Martha E. Cram
taught again in the summer of 1864. The winter term of 1864-65 was taught
by Rev. J. H. Crum. The summer of 1865 by Miss Haight. Winter of 1865-66

GRAND T R A V E R S K R E (^ I O N 39

by Miss Maud Quackenbnsh. The summer term of 1866 was taught bv Richard
Hoffman. The two terms of 1866-67 and 1867-68 were taught bv H.'P. Blake,
1868-69 by S. G. Young. The terms of 1869-70 were taught by Albert Saylor,
succeeded by Hervey H. Anderson, brother of W. S. Anderson, and the terms
of 1870-71 by Prof. W. F. Saxton, who died before the expiration of the term,
and was succeeded by Miss Eleanor (iriswold. The summer term of 1871 was
in charge of John Nixon.

In 1872 Prof Lorin Roberts from Benzonia was elected sui)erintendent
with Mrs Mary K. Buck as teacher in the primary and Mrs. Mary A. S.
Roberts in the intermediate. Mr. Roberts conducted the schools until his
resignation in 1880 to enter the practice of law.

In 1880 Prof. S. G. Burkhead was engaged, retiring in 1884 when Prof.
C. T. Grawn was engaged holding the position of superintendent until his
resignation in 1899. Later he took the superintendency of the State Normal
School at Mt. Pleasant. During his residence in Traverse City the schools
attained a high degree of excellency, being placed on the Ann Arbor list.

On Prof. Grawn's resignation, Principal C H. Horn was appointed super-
intendent, he holding the position until 1902 when he resigned to accept a
chair at Grinnell University, Iowa, and Prof. I. B, Gilbert of St. Johns
succeeded to the position.

Prof. Gilbert held the position until in June, 1911, when Prof. L. L. Tyler was
appointed and held the position until on February 23, 1918, when he was
granted a year's absence to join the Y. M. (J. A. at the war front in France,
and was succeeded by Prof. Geo. H. Curtis, principal of the High School.

MEMORIES OF EARLY DAYS

/>i .-Ida A". Spiaj^iir Piall

I have been asked to tell something of society in Traverse City in the
early days. It would be difficult to tell of a thing which did not exist, and
there was certainly nothing which could have answered to that name. If there
were the "400" some of the dusky damsels of the wigwams and the braves of
the forests must have been included; but there were social conditions of which
I love to think, and of which I am not averse to speak.

To begin with I will tell that we all came from somewhere, none were
indigenous to the soil, none to the manor born; but we had been born else-
where, and from choice or stress of fortune had found ourselves in a little
hamlet at the head of Grand Traverse bay, and. after the first bit of homesick-
ness wore off v.'e liked it — the hamlet and the bay and each other, which was
certainly very fortunate — but then yoT!i see we were a very good sort of people
— at least that was our estimate of each other, and so we proceeded to have
just as good a time as possible under the circumstances. We had plenty to eat
though the variety was decidedly limited, but that was all right for everybody
had, or could have the same things. Corned beef, salt pork and fresh fish.
Once a week Hannah, Lay & Co. would have one of their old oxen killed and
everybody would buy a piece and that would stay by us sometime. For
several years we had only cove oysters and when the stage route was estab-
lished we could occasionally get fresh ones, but we indulged sparingly for fear
of spoiling our already cultivated taste for the cove oysters. When I think of
some of the coffee we got during those war times I can but' think what a for-
tune a Postum man could have made. We had to take our peaches from the
tin cans of commerce but our berries, such as blue berries, raspberries and

OLD SETTLERS OF THE

blackberries were delicious and we put them up for winter in jugs with sealing
wax on the corks tor the self-sealer had not come into use then. Grand Trav-
erse beat the world then as now in the matter of potatoes, and nearly every
family kept a cow so you see we did not lack for good things to eat. The
Propeller Alleghany brought in the fall all necessary supplies for the next
winter. In the spring we did not have to look in the daily paper to see if the
ice was breaking in the bay. It used to start from the shore with a good stout
south wind and then we would go and sit upon the beach and watch it as it
drifted away out into Lake Michigan. I now recall a bit of poetry Mrs. Bates

ADA K. SPRAGUE PRA'J'T

'ioneer of 1861. Born in (lill, Mass.. Augfust 16, 1843. Charter member of Ladies' Library Association.

Organizer of Eastern Star of Traverse City:

made when she and I were sitting gazing out upon the blue waters. If it had
been made public we might think Tennyson had read it when he wrote his
Song of the Sea, but I now present it to the public for the first time:

Break, break, break,

Against the old dock come kerslam.
Making sweet music in the soul

Of Ada Sprague and Martha Cram."

As to the matter of dress we mostly wore what we brought with us, but if we
wanted to make a new gown we consulted Peterson's Magazine for styles.

SLEIGHING PARTY

The first party held after I came was upon the evening of my arrival and I
was too tired to attend. It was in the unfinished Herald building, where the
Hamilton-Milliken block now stands. Albert Bacon was one of our business

GRAND TRAVERSE REGION 41

men and owned the only horses not in constant use. They were a span of
lively Indian ponies. Often during an afternoon we would receive a note
reading: "The houses of (ioodale and Sprague will please hold themselves in
readiness to take a sleigh ride tonight," and at seven o'clock a long sleigh box
with straw covered bottom would appear at our door with possibly one or two
occupants besides Mr. Bacon and we would go. My! what joy it was. The
sleighing good, air clear and bracing and young blood flowing through our
veins kept us warm. H. D. Jampbell had a housekeeper at his farm at Silver
Lake and we would often drive up there taking our cans of cove oysters and
bags of crackers with us.

DANCING PARTY AT ELK RAPIDS

The first real dancing party I attended was Washington's birthday of 1862.
Mr. Bacon took a load of six (including himself) with his sleigh and ponies and
we reached Elk Rapids in time for dinner. The party was to be held at the
Stocking House and we drove directly there. I remember the building well
for a small tower was upon the top overlooking the broad expanse of East Bay
and the proprietor called it his "purgatoiy," but of course we all knew he
meant observatory. After dinner we visited and told stories until supper time,
then the supper tables cleared were as soon as possible and by seven or half past
the dance begin. Michael Gay and J. E. Greilick, who accompanied our party,
played the violins. Those two instruments furnished the best music I have
ever heard at a party. It was almost morning when we retired but betimes
were off for a ride about the little hamlet. After dinner Mr. Bacon took some
of us to his farm across Elk Lake. The ice rumbled ominously and great
cracks yawned in all directions but it did not seem so hazardous until we had
learned that the ice all left the lake the next day. We danced a short time
that evening but soon gave it up to gather about a huge fire and listen to
stories from the lips of Mr. A. S. Wadsworth, tales of personal adventure and
hair breadth escapes told as only he could tell them. It was near Sunday
morning before we retired, but we were up in time to hear a good Methodist
sermon at the school house. After dinner we started home taking Mr. Wads-
worth with us and stopping at his store located at Petobego Lake. It was a
low two story log building, the lower part used as a boarding house for his
men and the upper for a store to furnish supplies. He had a small assortment
of trinkets and the boys bought souvenirs for each of the girls. 1 have mine
yet. We reached home just at dark a tired but happy crowd. The next
summer I went over the same route on the back of one of the same ponies we
rode after then. We had dancing parties at various places after that. At the
Gunton House, Hannah & Lay's boarding house and often one at Mr. Hannah's
house. In the winter we had singing school too, and it is possible one or two
are present who will remember the singing teacher who would say with great
emphasis, "Now, all ascend up," as he flourished his heavy baton and run the
scale from "do" to high "C." I have always wondered why it was, with such
advantages I never became a singer, but some how I escaped.

There were candy pulls and pop corn parties. We were all readers as well
as workers and the larger number of adult women were, as well as most of the
men, exceedingly well informed upon all current topics. With the mail coming
once a week we were well supplied with reading matter (we always took a
large market basket to the post office.) What one had we all had or were
welcome to have; and all were liberal subscribers to the periodicals of the day.
The kindly atmosphere which, like the breath of our own pine woods, pervaded
the place and made us feel like one large household and the desire for intelli-
gent companionship was mutual. We met and discussed what we read, always
with a keen interest in the movements of the great outside world so full of war
and strife. Our few soldier boys were sent off with as hearty a God speed as

42 OLD SETTLERS OF THE

ever followed a whole regiment. Science, art, inventions, religion, all received
our attention. To the ladies who think they cannot call a company together
without holding forth bridge, eucre or some form of amusement I just want
to say a game of cards was never, to my knowledge, played in Traverse City
during all those early years. In the spring the maple sugar camps were fre-
quently visited and those of us who did not go to "Jericho'' went elsewhere to
the sugarings off, sure to have a good time wherever it was, for the good
reason that we carried it with us. Hospitality was everywhere where the
smoke of a chimney curled and try as we might there was no such things as
forestalling an invitation. The old received the greatest consideration and the
young the kindest attention. Like one great family we were dependent upon
each other and everybody found happiness in helping to make others happy.
One very enjoyable event occurred with great regularity during a few months
of the year.

PROPELLER ALLEGHANY

When the old Propeller Alleghany's whistle was heard in the vicinity of
Marion Island (then prempted by Albert Bacon and called Island No. 10)
everybody started for the dock ready to hear the news and welcome all new
comers. Then too just to look at the boat was a source of joy for she had
come direct from the outside world from which we were cut off. If she
whistled just before noon on Sunday I will not tell you that any left Divine
service but the minister would hasten to pronounce the benediction while he
had an audience. We went about a great deal upon the water in crafts of all
kinds and when H. D. Campbell was married to Miss Kate Carmichael six of
us were invited to go with them upon the Alleghany to Port Sarnia and Port
Huron. It was a fine trip and ever to be remembered by the few of us left,
for out of the party invited including bride and groom, only one is left. The
stanch old captain and his mates passed away years ago.

We had wonderful Christmas trees then standing all about us the year
around, but the evening of the 24th of December would find us crowded into
the old school house with its half dozen kerosene lamps, and a tree all aglow
with bits of candles and tinsel, strings of pop corn and bits of bright tin. Then
too the best of it was everybody within a radius of two miles was remembered
without one exception. The baby with a pair of shoes or a rattle, the needy
with a ham, a sack of flour or a dried apple cake. Butter was scarce and very
dear but with the spice it was impossible to detect the lard smuggled in for
shortening. 1 could tell of many things of interest as the years passed on.

OUR FIKST CLUB

I think our first club was called "The Mutual Admiration Society" and
good literary work was done by the young people. Those were good old
pioneer days but much as they were enjoyed then I would not recall them.
Why, the first time I went to New York I went in February of 1868 on stage to
Grand Rapids. Left here at seven on Tuesday morning and we rode until ten
or half past nights getting to Grand Rapids at 3:30 the afternoon of the follow-
ing Friday. We made good time too and did not feel very tired. Now we go
to Grand Rapids and reach there in less than five hours all tired out and ex-
claim it was such a long dreary ride!

Everything goes by steam and electricity so much now a days we are con-
stantly desiring more rapid transit. I am very proud of our Queen City by the
bay and ain only sad that the dear ones who lived those pioneer days with us
cannot see the wonderful development of our town and country. I still contend
that no one who attends the "Movies" has any more real pleasure out of them
than we did when we paid out ten cents to go into a ten by twelve show tent
(which would come once in a while upon the boats) to view the great living

GRAND TRAVERSE REGION 43

wonders of the age or took our work at two o'clock and together with other
ladies and their husbands sat down to a hearty six o'clock combination dinner
and supper.

MY ARRIVAL IN TRAVERSE CITY

Just after the first troops were sent out from Southern Michigan, my
mother and I accompanied my brother Mr. E. L. Sprague, who had been in Elk
Rapids and Traverse City several years, to Chicago, where at that time the
remains of Stephen A. Douglas lay in state. After a stay there of thirty-six
hours we took passage on board the Propeller Alleghany, owned by Hannah,
Lay & Co.. with George Boynton for captain, George Baldwin first mate and
Eli Coon second mate. After a ride of thirty hours with Lake Michigan on
her very best behavior we reached this port at seven o'clock on the morning of
June 10, 1861. It was one of those perfect days immortalized by the poet
Lowell because so rare. As the good old captain pulled into the dock he was
greeted by Perry Hannah (then only thirty six years old) who stood with
hands ready to grasp the mail pouches while he asked eagerly for the latest
war news.

There seemed a Sabbath's stillness in the air broken only by the noise of
the boat and the dreamy buzzing of the saws at the one mill, as they passed
through the huge pine logs. Then we waded through the sand and sawdust to
Dr. Goodale's house where we were to board until we could go to housekeep-
ing. That morning begun a friendship between the two families broken only
as death has severed the links. Ten ate breakfast there that morning, and
today only one of the ten are living. The house stood where the Hotel Whit-
ing now stands and the house we were to occupy was where Barnum & Earl's
jewelry store is. Mr. Smith Barnes was store manager for Hannah, Lay & Co.
and boarded at the Doctor's. During a few week's absence of Mrs. Barnes,
and with his usual desire to make the women folks comfortable, backed plank,
and laid a walk with his own hands between the two back doors so we would
not have to empty our shoes of sand after making a neighborly call.

TRAVERSE CITY

I wish I could make you see Traverse City as T saw it that beautiful
morning. I had never lived in but one town and that a village with churches
of various denominations, a Union school and situated on the M. C. R. R. so I
did not expect a very large city, but why did they call it a city? The name
city seemed such a misnomer, but the men who gave the name must have had
the faith of the mother who always made her boy's clothes too large for him
and when interviewed upon the subject replied, "Johnny will grow to them"
and Johnny did grow to them and we have grown to have a legal right to our
name of city and more than that we are proud to be called the "Queen City of
the North." I will acknowledge that fifty-seven years ago it took a great
stretch of imagination to see much of a city here. All of the north side of
Front Street was grown up to wild roses, brakes and blueberry brush. I have
many times picked quarts of berries there.

As I said before, the houses were all upon the south side of the street.
Beginning at the east end was a small part of what has of late been called
"Cottage Home" but was then our grandest hotel, owned and named by the
proprietor, "The Gunton House." Mr. Gunton's daughter, Mrs. B. J. Mor-
gan, has lived continuously during her life of half a century upon the one
block, with the exception of a temporary residence upon the next block while
the new house was being constructed. There was a small frame dwelling just
south of the hotel. West was an old log house where Miss Helen Goodale,
later Mrs. T. A. Hitchcock, taught the first school, but then used as a dwelling
by Gustavus Brown. No other building until we reached the southeast corner

44 OLD S E T T L E R vS OF T H E

of Front and Park Streets, where stood a small dwelling to be seen only a year
ago. The small building back of it, later a bicycle repair shop, was a store
with a stock of goods owned by H. D. Campbell and A. W. Bacon. Next was
a hotel run by Wm. Fowle and called "The Fowle House. ' A. V. Friedrich's
block stands upon its site.

Morgan Bates was just erecting a one story office building on the corner
where the First National Bank is located, and where Dreamland stands was a
small cottage atterwards owned by Smith Barnes. As I mentioned before, our
own house stood where Barnum & Earl's jewelry store is and where Mr.
Kyselka's store stands we had a very nice vegetable garden, that part of the
lot having been enriched by many loads of heavy soil. Dr. Goodale's resi-
dence was a few feet west and was used as a dwelling house, Doctor's office
and the post ofifice. The township library was also kept there. Then came
the house occupied as a private dwelling by Thomas Cutler and in later years
added to and used as a hotel bearing the stately name of Mansion House. To-
day we see the ground covered by the Wilhelm Block. There was no
house near the Leelanau county hne except on the corner of Bay and Elm-
wood. Albert Bacon owned it then, built a small dwelling house and called
the place Lincolnville. Coming back we find an old flour mill about where the
intersection of North Division and Front street is. Mr. Hannah's cottage was
a part of the cottage still standing on Bay street. Farther north were some
old hay sheds, then came some rude dwellings used by the mill men with
families. The location on Bay street was known as Slab City and all the
houses west were located in Bagdad. There was a certain jealousy existing
between these localities and I always suspected the Slab Cityites felt more
aristocratic because they possessed the one house with a real brick chimney,
and the Bagdadites were possibly envious of it. Mr. Dominic Dunn lived in
a small house west of the Wilhelm Block and Joseph Knizek occupied a very
small house west of that one, some of it being used as a shoe shop. Away
out on Washington street stood a small new dwelling painted white and occu-
pied by Morgan Bates. It is the upright part of Mrs. Lorin Roberts' house.
A low school house (used as a court house during session of circuit court)
stood where Park Place Annex stands. There had been upon the public
square two buildings known respectively as Court House and Jail but the
former was burned a short time before I came here and the Jail was of little
value. Crossing the wooden bridge at North Union street we find upon the
right a two story wooden building occupied by Hannah, Lay & Co. who were
then as now "Dealers in Everything." L^pon the left was an old tool house
and Hannah. Lay & Co's. boarding house for their men. Later it was very
much added to and known as the "Bay House," afterward the Pangborn House
and was burned January, 1902. The Grand Traverse Herald office and the U.
S. Land offices occupied a small building just west upon Bay street and Mr.
Germaine resided just west of that. Aside from the necessary outbuildings
and barns I think I have recalled every structure near Traverse City. It was
all woods south of town, no dwelling in that direction nearer than where Mr.
Ransom now lives. That was Bohemia town, where as young lads resided
many of our respected business men of today. This is the way I first saw
Traverse City fifty-seven years ago.

OUR CEMETERY

There is one thing more I wish to speak of, that is our cemetery. When
I came the only burial place was on the bank of the Boardman river, east of
the Carnegie Library, and about where the park is now located.

In 1861 the Board of Supervisors arranged for forty acres of land and
while they felt certain not more than half of it would be used they wanted to be
sure and have enough for all time to come. The population was small and

GRAND TRAVERSE REGION 45

people were shamefully healthy. The first person buried in the new ground
was John Hopper who was accidentally killed by his gun.

I have no doubt that incident gave rise to an item I saw afterwards in a
Pennsylvania paper stating that Traverse City, Michigan was such a healthy
place they "had to kill a man to start a burying ground." We still claim ours
is a healthy climate but all manner of diseases have been brought to us unti.
now our City of the Dead is becoming crowded and we have added more acres

THE MILLIKEN COTTAGE

At the time of the World's Fair at Chicago in 1892, J. W. Milliken erected
a small cottage on the Fair grounds to entertain his Traverse City friends,
Mrs. Mary K, Buck wrote the following poem in commemoration of the event,
at a reunion at "Edgewood" in the cottage which had been placed there.

Oh, here's to the cottage we fondly remember,

That squatted last year on a bit of wild ground,
From some time in June till the chilly November,

With the Fair to the North, and the prairie around.
Should you ask me the style of its quaint architecture

I fear 1 should be quite unable to tell;
But with beds that are downy, snug walls to protect ye,

And fare that was dainty, you lived like a swell
In that queer little cottage, the Milliken cottage.

The dear little cottage that sheltered us well.

No portico vast, neither turret nor gable,

Could add to that cottage one beauty or grace;
But Queen Anne lent a hand to preparing its table.

And reigned in its kitchen with bright, smiling face,
And the guests, with their grips and their telescopes handy.

Whose fortune it was in that cottage to dwell,
Pronounced it, in language emphatic, "a dandy,"

And still of its pleasures they oft love to tell :
That wonderful cottage, the Milliken cottage,

The dear little cottage we all loved so well.

'J'he wonder was great that so lowly a dwelling

Could harbor so many its four walls within —
Those walls were of rubber, so yielding and swelling.

Its inside was cosy, its roof was of tin. .
A puzzle it seemed to the crowds passing by it—

Some thought it a side-show, and others a bar.
But little cared they whom good luck brought anigh it, —

And many who gathered from near and from farc-
in that queer little cottage, that wide-spreading cottage,

That stood with its friendly door ever aiar.

When at night from our sight-seeing, weary, returning.

How gladly we welcomed its bright, homelike cheer: —
The table well spread, anu the lamp softlv burning,

And freinds from the northland who gathered anear,
Though Time may blot out, with his grimy old finger,

Full many a scene that is charming and rare.
Yet long in our mem'ries the cottage will linger

That J. W. Milliken took to the fair.
That queer little cottage, that low-spreading cottage,
^ The cottage that sheltered us royally there.

OLD

SETTLERS

O F

THE

EARLY HISTORY OF ELK RAPIDS

The pioneer settler of Elk Rapids was
Abram S. Wadsworth. He was a native
of Durham, Conn. Came to the Grand
Traverse region in 1846. In 1847 he built
a small log cabin near the present site of
the town hall. This was the first building
put up by a white man in Antrim county.
About that time he was employed by the
government in the re-survey of lands and
with the funds arising from his work he
erected a house on his lands and late in
the fall his family settled therein. In 1850
and 51 he built the first saw mill on the
east side of the bay, James McLaughlin
superintending the work.

Elk Rapids, River and Lake were so
named by him because of a pair of elk
horns which he found in the sand at the
mouth of the river. He named Round
Lake from its shape and Clam Lake from
the vast number of clams found in the
river. Torch Lake was so named by the
Indians because of the fishing lights 'used
on the lake. Was-wah-go-nink signifies a
lake of torches.

In the spring of 1852 the village of
Elk Rapids was laid out by A. S. Wads-
worth. Lots were sold at twenty-five
dollars each. The first two lots, where the town hall now stands, were sold to
James McLaughlin, in payment for which he gave a blacksmith's bellows.
Among those who came that season was Michael Gay, John Lake, Jared
Stocking, John B. Spencer and their families. The year 1853 brought many
changes. Large additions of imigrants were made to the population. Among
these were John Denahy, Elvin L. Sprague, Jared W. Arnold, Donald F.
Parks, Alexander Campbell and Hiram Robinson. Early this year Mr. Wads-
worth sold his mill to James Rankin & Sons who built a store and brought in
a stock of goods. Jared Stocking opened a hotel. The following winter Mr.
Wadsworth built another saw mill on the site of the mill since owned by Dexter
& Noble, Mr. Northam having charge of the business. The mill was scarcely
completed when it was sold to M. Craw & Co., of which firm Mr. Wirt Dexter
was the principal partner. A notable event of this year was the opening of the
first school. The school district was organized in May, 1853, and the school
was taught by George W. Ladd, a young man from Old Mission. Another
event of 1853 was the establishment of a postoffice. The first postmaster was
Theron Bostwick. In September, 1855, Mr. Henry H. Noble came to Elk
Rapids as an employe of M. Craw & Co. He was born in Palmyra, N. Y.,
August 25, 1823; two years later his parents removed to Washtenaw County,
Mich., where subsequently he engaged in the mercantile business.

Among the arrivals in 1856 was S. E. Wait, who entered the employ of
M. Craw & Co. April 1st continuing with them during the existence of the

ABRAM S. WADSWORTH
Pioneer of 1846

GRAND TRAVERSE REGION 47

firm, and subsequently with Dexter & Noble, excepting the year 1860 when he
built the schooner Zephyr for Dr. Thomas Fearnside of Old Mission, 1861 at
Old Mission, and 1862 teaching the government Indian schools at Middle
Village and Pashawbatown, until the fall of 1865, teaching the Elk Rapids
school during the winter of 1865-66, moving to Traverse City in the spring of
1866. In the fall of 1856 the firm of M. Craw & Co. was dissolved and a
new one organized under the name of Dexter & Noble, Wirt Dexter and
Henry H. Noble being the only partners.

EARLY HISTORY OF CHARLEVOIX

Charlevoix in the early days was known as Pine River. At this point as
at all the lake points, the first comers were fishermen. As early as 1852 and
perhaps earlier fishermen were located here and in the spring of 1853 quite a
colony had collected. Capt. T. D. Smith had an establishment southwest of
the mouth of the river, four families west of Smith, three at the mouth of the
river and one, half a mile farther north. These homes contained families of
women and children.

Trouble arose between the fishermen and the Mormons of Beaver Island,
whose history will appear elsewhere under the title, "King Strang's Home,"
caused a scattering of the fishermen in fear of being attacked by overpowering
numbers of the Mormons, so Pine River seems to have been an abandoned
settlement until the spring of 1854 when George Preston and family arrived
from Beaver Island and took possession of one of the houses on the north side
of the river. Soon after the arrival of Preston, Galon B. Cole and family
arrived from Fox Island on the schooner "Dolphin." These were Mormons
as were also Medad Thompson and Widow Ring who arrived in the fall, and
Adam See and Daniel Alvord in the spring of 1855.

On the 11th of May, 1855 John S. Dixon and family arrived at the mouth
of Pine River from Old Mission in the little schooner "Emeline." The party
consisted of Mr. and Mrs. Dixon, their three children and Mr. Wolcott and
Frank May. No sooner were the Dixon's party and etfects landed than the
captain of the "Emeline," who was in bad odor with the Mormons, fearing an
attack set sail and the schooner soon disappeared in the distance. Mr. Dixon
had brought with him a considerable amount of supplies, including a small
boat and some lumber. Of the latter a temporary residence was built on the
beach, in which the family remained for the next three days. The three days
were spent in clearing a path along the south margin of the stream, then by
towing, the family and goods were transported up the river and landed on the
north shore where the stream leaves Round Lake. At this point they found a
small settlement of Mormons who regarded Mr. Dixon with suspicion and
plainly indicated that he was not welcome. There had been several fisherman's
shanties on his premises. ( Mr. Dixon's purchase of a considerable tract of
land lying on Pine River and Round and Pine Lakes had been consummated a
year ))efore.) One of these shanties was still standing when he first landed
from the "Emeline" but had been torn down in the meantime. However he
soon had it so fnr rebuilt as to be able to occupy it as a temporary dwelling in

48 OLD SE'l'TLERS OF THE

which his family resided for some time until having become thoroughly dis-
couraged by the constant annoyance of the Mormons and feeling his inability
to successfully oppose by force or otherwise protect his property against their
depredations he reluctantly decided to abandon the settlement and accordingly
wrote Lewis iMiller at Old Mission to send a vessel to carry them away. The
sloop "Defiance," Capt. Sheppard, was sent and after consultation and delioer-
ation it was decided to send his family to Northport, Mr. Dixon to remain.
About the first of August, 1856. the small schooner "Rover" arrived whose
crew and passengers were Samuel Horton and family and two young men,
John Newman and Archie Buttars.

At the closing in of the winter of 1856-57 there were four families in the
Pine River region, those of Medad Thompson, J. S. Dixon, Samuel Horton
and John Miller and the two young men Newman and Buttars. Mr. Buttars
soon went to Elk Rapids thence to Traverse City and Northport and did not
return to Charlevoix until 1869.

John S. Dixon was born in Mexico, Orange County, N. Y., August 24,
1818. His father was Rev. David R. Dixon, a graduate of Yale College and a
Presbyterian clergyman at Mexico. John S. married July 1, 1866, Phebe S.
Pratt at Orwell, Ashtabula County, Ohio. She was born at Lynn. Conn., 1820.
They had five children. The plat of Charlevoix was made by Mr. Dixon in
1866.

LITTLE TRAVERSE AND SURROUNDING TOWNS

Little Traverse Bay and the resorts along its shores have become famous,
owing to the wonderful climatic advantages. The location and chirography
around the Bay encouraged the belief that only a fragment of its early history
has been prepared. The points most prominently associated with Indian and
missionary history are L'Arbre Croche, Cross Village, Middle Village and
Little Traverse.

L'Arbre Croche, meaning crooked tree, was a short distance above Middle
Village. At that point stood a tall crooked pine tree, which occupied an
elevated position and could be seen far out upon the lake.

Back to the year 1825 we find the Catholics returning to re-establish mis-
sions that had been abandoned. First a church was built at Middle Village
and in 1827 the mission was moved to Little Traverse. About this time a
church was built at Cross Village.

In 1855 Father Weikamp established a convent at Cross Village. The
early history of Bear Creek (Muh(]uh Sebing) is almost entirely confined to
matters connected with the Presbyterian mission which was established in
1852. About the year 1851 the number of Ottawas and Chippewas at this point
was increased by the coming of several families from Old Mission where Rev.
Peter Dougherty had been laboring. By request of Mr. Dougherty and a
favorable report by him, after visiting there in the winter of 1851 and 2. the
Presbyterian Board decided to establish a mission at this point and Mr. Andrew
Porter, who had previously spent some time as teacher at Old Mission, was
appointed for the work. Mr. Porter with his family, left his home in Pennsyl-
vania early in 1852. arriving at his destination the first of June. From Mack-
inaw he came in the schooner Eliza Caroline, Captain Kirkland. the captain
bringing him for a very small sum. On leaving the vessel the party were
kindly received by the head man. Daniel Wells (Mwa-ke-we-nah) whom the
band afterward elected chief, and who, a few years later, laid down his life for

GRAND TRAVERSE REGION 49

the country in the war of the rebellion. He placed his best room at the
disposal of Mr. Porter till the mission house could be built. The place selected
for the mission was on high land west of Bear Creek, half a mile back from the
bay. For a long time the Indians took a deep interest in the school. This
statement is illustrated by a touching incident related by Mr. Porter. Joseph
Na-bah-na-yah-sung, or as he named himself, Gibson, a boy about ten years
old, while the school was suspended for sugar making one spring had the
misfortune to break his leg between the ankle and the knee. When the school
was opened again he was still unable to walk. With womanly devotion his
mother and sister alternately carried him three-ciuarters of a mile to school
every day on their shoulders. He died, as many other noble men died, in the
Andersonville prison. In the spring of 1855 Rev. H. W. Guthrie, later of
Chilicothe, Ohio, was appointed by the Presbyterian Board as missionary to
Bear Creek and Middle Village. During 1856 he organized a church which is
now known as the First Presbyterian Church of Petoskey. For the first two
or three years the expense of the mission was borne wholly by the Presby-
terian Board. After the establishment of Indian schools by the government
about 1860 or 61, the one at the mission was adopted by the agent, Hon. D. C.
Leach, as a government school, and the usual salary was paid to Mr. Porter as
teacher. The other teachers of the government Indian schools were William
H. Fife at Little Traverse and S. E Wait at Middle Village, two of the pupils
of the latter Pe-en (Peter) and Ke-no-de-go Pe-to-se-ga, probably grand-
children of Ignatius Pe-to-se-ga, after whom the city of Petoskey was named.
Mr. Wait was in 1862 transferred by Mr. Leach to the Indian school at Pashaw-
batown on Grand Traverse Bay. Hazen Ingalls was the first settler who came
to Bear Creek for the purpose of making a home. In the spring of 1866 he
bought the water power and saw mill of Messrs. Fox & Rose. The saw mill,
a small affair, had been built by Harvey Porter, a brother of Andrew Porter,
about the vear 1862. Afterward the mill was changed into a grist mill.

The building of the Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad was the incentive
to the development of the natural resources at this point and its improvement
as a village site. Messrs. H. O. Rose and Amos Fox who had b^en pioneer
business men in the Traverse Region nearly twenty years, bought about two
hundred acres of land at this place. In the summer of 1873 the railroad to
this point was approaching completion and Mr. Rose came here for the purpose
of beginning business. The firm of H. O. Rose & Co., consisting of H. O.
Rose and Amos Fox commenced selling goods in a small log building near the
residence of Ignatius Pe-to-se-ga in June 1873. The firm was increased by
one member in 1874 and consisted of Amos Fox of Charlevoix, H. O. Rose of
Petoskey— which he laid out this year, and Archibald Buttars of Charlevoix,
Mr. Buttars taking sole charge of this store and also their store at Charlevoix.
Ignatius Pe-to-se-ga (Rising Sun) after whom the village of _ Petoskey was
named, was born near where Manistee now stands in 1787. His parents, who
were Chippewas and whose home was near Little Traverse, were down there
on a hunting and trapping trip. His father's name was Nee-i-too-shing,
"Early Dawn."

HARBOR SPRINGS

formerly called Little Traverse, is an incorporated village situated on the
north of Little Traverse Bay upon a beautiful harbor formed by Harbor Point,
a narrow peninsula and beautiful summer resort, nearly a mile in length and
three-quarters of a mile in width, on whose extreme point is located the Light
House, which has been faithfully cared for until recently by Mrs. Daniel
(Elizabeth Whitney) Williams since soon after its erection, the lamp being
lighted for the first time September 25, 1884. Mrs. Williams had previously
been lightkeeper on Beaver Island, succeeding her former husband, Mr. Vai;

OLD SETTLERS

O F

THE

Riper, who with the first mate of the schooner "Thomas Howland" was
drowned in efforts to rescue occupants of the wreck.

The location of Harbor Springs is an admirable one for commerce, being
nearly on the line of lake traffic and having one of the best
harbors on the whole chain of lakes. It was this harbor that gave the
place its Indian name We-que-ton-sing, a name since appropriated by one of
the neighboring resorts.

The authentic and legionary history of the village is full of interest.
Pieces of ancient crockery have been found here indicating that it was once a
stopping place of the extinct race of Mound Builders on their journeys from

ELIZABETH WHITNEY WILLIAMS

I'ioneer of Traverse City in 1853, Light-keeper on Beaver Island and Little Traverse.

Auther of "A Child of the Sea."

Mexico to the Lake Superior mines. About the year 1827 the Catholics came
to Little Traverse and built a church of cedar logs and covered with bark.
This was built by Rev, Fr, Peter De Jean who was the first resident priest at
this point. Rev. Father Zorn had afterward been priest here for more than a
quarter of a century. Among the acts of Father De Jean may be mentioned
his f(jiinding of a liquor law which prohibited the use and sale of liquor and
what was rigidly enforced until about 1854. In the fall of 1853 Richard Cooper
arrived here on the trading schooner Eliza Caroline — built on St, Helena Island
by Walter Whitney — and opened a store. At this time fisherman had already
established themselves at several points on the northern part of Lake Mich-
igan, Charles R, Wright, accompanied by Albert Cable, arrived here at this
time, Mr, Wright erecting a cooper shop and dwelling and remained about

GRAND TRAVERSE REGION 3l

three years makinsf fish barrels; he then went to Beaver Island where he
remained until 1881 in the mercantile business, when he returned here. In
1861 a postoffice was established with Andrew J. Blackbird as postmaster.

ANDREW J. BLACKBIRD

Andrew J. Blackbird — Mak-a-te-bin-essi — was an Ottawa Indian, son of
Black Hawk — Makatebinessi — was born near the Traverse Region about 1820.
In the fall of 1827 his father came to little Traverse. Andrew having learned
enough of the mode and manners of civilized life to have a desire for knowl-
edge determined to secure an education. With this purpose in mind he went
to Twinsburg, Ohio, where he entered school and remained until he had a fair
education and later attended the State Normal School at Ypsilanti. He was
for several years special interpreter, and always occupied local prominence on
account of his relations with both races. He died September 7th, 1908 leaving
a wife, an English woman, who he married in Toledo, Ohio, one daughter and
three sons. His remarkable memory had stood him in good stead and in addi-
tion to the Indian dictionaries and other Indian text books which he had pub-
lished had put much time and thought upon manuscript of the Indian legions
and folklore for which the Ottawa Indians are noted.

MARGARET BOYD

"Aunt Margaret," sister of A. J. Blackbird and whose Indian name is
O-ga-be-jig-ok-we, is also noted for her work in translations of the Ottawa
language and her influence over the Indians of the district. In the autumn of
1876 she made a journey to Washington in the interest of some Indian families
who had failed to receive deeds of the lands they had purchased. President
Grant listened to her with the utmost respect and assured her that everything
would be made right. After their business talk was concluded, he took her on
his arm into another apartment and introduced her to his wife and several
other ladies.

When she went to Washington she took a basket of her work and selling
it along the way paid the expenses of her journey.

THE "CITY OF TRAVERSE"

The year of 1871 was an epoch in the history of Traverse City when
Hannah, Lay & Co. brought out their elegant steamer "City of Traverse."
She was built in the ship yard of Quaile & Martin, Cleveland, Ohio, under the
supervision of David Bauld who was afterward chief engineer of the boat, was
225 feet long, breadth of beam 32 feet 9 inches. Cabin 90 feet long 12 feet
wide with 21 large state rooms. Carrying capacity 640,000 feet of lumber and
fine accommodations for 75 passengers. She was launched on the 13th of
March and left Cleveland for Traverse City on the 26th of April, It was the
purpose to have her make weekly trips between Traverse City and Chicago.
Grain freights being so high made an inducement for the proprietors to take
her off her regular trips for four trips with grain from Chicago to Buffalo and
Erie.

At the close of the season the following report was made: Twenty-three
trips were made to Chicago, one to Erie and three to Buffalo, laid up in

OLD SETTLERS OF THE

Chicago on the 10th of December, a season of seven and a half months. On
her 23 trips to Chicago she carried 12,639,950 feet of lumber averaging 549,563
feet per trip On her trip to Erie she took 69,413 bushels of oats, on her three
trips to Buffalo she carried respectively 70,604, 71,760 and 62,093 bushels.
She brought to Traverse City 39,000 bushels of oats, 10,000 bushels of corn,
9,000 bushels of wheat in bulk and 2,000 bushels of grain in bags, carried 1.040
passengers, 592 out and 448 in. The officers of the boat were:

Captain, George Baldwin.

First Mate, Eli Coon.

Second Mate, John Snow.

Clerk and Steward, S. E. Wait.

Engineer, David Bauld.

Assistant Engineer, William Bauld.

The Cleveland "Plain Dealer" after a description ot the boat said, "she is
probably the best of her class on the lakes."

In the spring of 1872 S. E. Wait, Archie Jamieson, cook, and Will W.
Smith went to Chicago to fit out the cabin and its accessories for the season's

^ .^ :.

^ 4

THE CITY OF TRAVERSE

run. They started early one morning by Campbell's stage line for Cadillac,
stopping for breakfast with H. D. Campbell at his home on Silver Lake. The
G. R. & I. railroad had just been completed to Cadillac so the rest of the trip
was made by rail.

FROM CABIN ROY TO SENATOR

In July the health of Mr. Wait was such that he was obliged to resign as
clerk and steward of the boat and Will W. Smith, who he had engaged as cabin
boy in the spring, succeeded him in that capacity for the balance of the season.
The Traverse City railroad was completed to Traverse City November 15, 1872
and Mr. Smith was a passenger on the hrst train from Walton on his return
home from the laying up at the close of the season of the City of Traverse in
Chicago. He also held the same position on the boat during the years 1873

GRAND -r R A V I^ R S E REGION 53

and 74. From that time on Mr. Smith has held positions of trust and respon-
sibility, having served Traverse City twenty years in various capacities as
alderman and other positions, also two terms as mayor, and in 1916 was
elected to the State Senate.

William \V. Smith was born in Constantia, N. Y., August 22, 1849, came
to Traverse City in 18(30, married in Traverse City, June 8, 1874, Miss Susan
Reynolds, wno was born in Gouverneur, N. Y., December 3, 1853.

The fate of the City of Traverse was shown up in a Chicago paper dated
Sept. 28, 1907:

"Drawn away up into the end of the canal at Benton Harbor, Mich., its
nose poking into the mud, its bow half concealed by the heavy growth of weeds
on either side of the narrow channel, lies the good ship City of Traverse.
Near the stern of the City of Traverse lies the City of Chicago of the (iraham
& Morton line which now also owns the City of Traverse. The close proximity
( f the two craft reminds the observer of the days when the City of Chicago, a
municipal corporation, and the City of Traverse, a piratical^ ship owned by a
gambling syndicate operating under the mythical name of "Carey &• Co" were
deadly enemies. Now the City of Chicago, a side-wheeler and the City of
Traverse, propeller, are friends for both of them will carry the flag of the
Graham & Morton Line and carry excursionists from Chicago to St. Joseph
and return during next season. In other words, the City of Traverse is being
converted. For two and a half years she was the principal actor in an extra-
ordinary attempt on the part of Chicago gamblers to baffle the law by means
of modern science. The big ship was rigged as a floating poolroom, equipped
with a wireless telegraphic outfit and commissioned as a means of transmitting
race track returns regardless of the police. Eighteen years before this the
City of Traverse plied bitwien Chicago and the ports of Like Superior."

KING STRANG'S HOME

By William E. Ciirlis, Correspondent of tin- Chicaji;u Record- Herald

About twenty-five miles off the eastern shore of Lake Michigan and a part
of Emmet county is a group of islands, eleven or twelve in number, within a
circle of fifty miles, which have been inhabited ever since white men first came
into this country. They were partially cleared of forests and covered with
cultivated fields as early as lOSO, and within four years after Quebec was
founded Champlain had a trading post at what is now the town of St. James,
Reaver Island, where James J. Strang set up an Independent kingdom in 1847
and maintained it for almost ten years. It is one of the strangest incidents in
American history and attracted considerable attention at the time, although the
episode seems to have been forgotten and is not even mentioned in the
standard histories of the United States. The royal palace is now a cooper-
shop, the colony is dissipated, and the family of that extraordinary man has
disappeared among the great multitude.

Beaver Island is the largest in Lake Michigan, being about twenty miles
long and from twelve to fifteen miles wide. It contains several thousand acres

54 OLD SETTLERS OP THE

of arable land, broken by small lakes and streams, and the highest point is
forty feet above the level of the lake. The largest lake is called Galilee, the
largest stream is the river Jordan, and the capital of the kingdom was named in
honor of St. James the Apostle. One of the adjacent islands is called Patmos,
because the king and prophet used to go there for meditation whenever a
vision or meditation from hea^;'en became necessary to restore his influence.
The island is now the center of the fishing trade, a railroad has been built
across it, a weekly newspaper is published, and there is a population of about
1,300 prosperous and happy people.

The king of Beaver Island was James Jesse Strang, a native of Cayuga
county. New York, and the son of a farmer. He possessed no education
beyond that he had obtained in the country schools, hut had great natural
ability, a remarkable memory and gift of tongue and audacity, courage and
determination, which never falteied and were never overcome. During his
early manhood he taught school, delivered temperance lectures, dabbled in
politics, edited a newspaper at Randolph, Chautauqua county, and at one time
was postmaster of the village of Ellington. In 1842 he removed to Burlington,
Wis., and there somehow fell under the influence of Joseph Smith, "the Amer-
ican Mohammed," who converted him to Mormonism, baptised him, ordained
him as an elder aud imposed upon him the mission of planting a stake of Zion
in the state of Wisconsin. A few months later Joseph and Hyrum Smith were
lynched by a mob which stormed the jail at Carthage, where they were impris-
oned, and although he had been a member of the church for less than a year,
James Strang displayed his chiefest characteristic by claiming the succession
and presenting a document which purported to be written and signed by Joseph
Smith appointing him chief apostle and prophet of the Latter Day Saints.

Strang's pretensions were promptly denied and ridiculed. He was
denounced as a vulgar impostor and the document was declared a clumsy
forgery. He was excommunicated from the church and driven from Nauvoo
by Brigham Young and the other Mormon leaders, but continued to assert his
title, and, strange to say, received the support of a considerable number of
devoted followers. He led them to Voree, Walworth County, Wis., a little
village on the White River, where after a few months, in imitation of Joseph
Smith, he discovered several metallic sheets inscribed with cabalistic signs,
which, he claimed, were buried there by the Apostle James, who had been sent
as a messenger to foretell the coming of "a mighty prophet" and declare the
law and the will of the Lord. Subsequently other metallic sheets, eighteen in
number, were discovered, which Strang called "the plates of Laban," and
declared that they were written before the Babylonian captivity. A translation
of these inscriptions were printed afterward under the title:

THE BOOK OF THE LAW OF THE LORD,

Consisting of an inspired translation of some of
the most important part of the hiw
given to Moses, and a few-
add i-commandments

Printed by command of tiie King at the royal
press, St. .lames — A. R. L

The curious little volume was a cheap imitation of Joseph Smith's "Book
of Doctrines and Covenants," written in verbc^se and pompous language,
following the style of the Bible, and containing minute instructions as to attire,
morals, habits, food, forms of worship and other regulations which were made
the basis of the laws proclaimed by King Strang when a few months later he
founded his absolute monarchy.

The people of Voree did not approve of a Mormon settlement in their
neighborhood. The excitement occasioned by the expulsion of the saints from

GRAND TRAVERSE REGION SS

Nauvoo had spread over the state boundary, and King Strang, following the
instincts of self-preservation sought for a more isolated location. He found it
at Beaver Island, and in the summer of 1847 began to transfer his community
there. The island was already occupied by a small village of fishermen and
farmers, who at first resisted the invasion. Some of them were overcome and
others were conciliated, and within two years Strang attracted there a settle-
ment of 1,400 or 1.500 souls, who recognized him as a prophet, priest and king
and willingly submitted to his autocratic authority. He established a form of
government, adopted a system of taxation, established schools, industrial and
commercial associations, built a saw mill, opened roads, constructed docks and
published a daily paper called the Northern Islander, with a literary and typo-
graphical merit which surprised the profession in other parts of the state.
Sumptuary laws in imitation of the Mosaic code were proclaimed. The use of
liquor, tobacco, tea and coffee was strictly prohibited; the observation of
religious rules and the performance of certain duties were peremptory, the
patriarchal system of government was intrcKluced, and polygamy was sanc-
tioned in imitation of the patriarchs of the Old Testament. A Quakerish garb
was prescribed for the men and the women were required to wear a form of
bloomer costume with zouave trousers and skirts falling to the knees.

The colony was prosperous and peaceful. Its numbers increased to more
than 2,000 people, who were models of industry, sobriety and contentment, and
for several years maintained friendly relations with the Indians and tUe Gen-
tiles upon the neighboring shores and other islands of the lake. Strang man-
aged to command confidence and respect of his subjects; their faith in his
divine inspiration was implicit and his orders were never cjuestioned until a
serpent entered this Eden and the women began to make trouble. The good-
looking ones insisted on discarding the bloomer dress and following the ordi-
nary fashions of civilization. King Strang had been elected to the legislature
of the state; the settlement had grown to be of sufficient importance to attract
attention from the outside. Visitors of both sexes frequently upon the island,
and the more intelligent and influential members of the community had
acquired sufficient means to allow them to travel about the country.

Their wives, who sometimes accompanied them, were subject to ridicule
because of their costumes, which they naturally resented and insisted upon
wearing conventional garments. One of these women was the wife of Dr. H.
D. McCulloch, a highly edudated physician from Baltimore, whose intemperate
habits had brought him into disgrace at home and who had taken refuge with
the Beaver Island colony, where liquor was unknown, in order to protect him-
self from temptation. While he submitted to Strang's authority and was the
recognized physician of the colony, he never formally joined the church or
assented to the king's pretensions. Thomas Bedford, an Englishman of more
than ordinary ability, had been induced to join the colony, but was shrewd
enough to detect the impositions of Strang, and a secret distrust and hostility
soon grew up between them.

The wives of these men and several others discarded the bloomer costume
and defied the king, who had them called before the elders and disciplined for
disobedience. The difficulty grew rapidly. Mrs. Bedford and Mrs. McL'ulIoch
and others still refused to submit, and their husbands sustained them. Strang
showed a singular lack of tact in his treatment of the dress rebellion and soon
became involved in litigation with .McCulloch and Bedford. He charged both
with dishonesty and debt and had them arrested, prosecuted and fined. In
addition to his open prosecution Bedford was taken from his house by masked
men one night and whipped with rawhides. This treatment drove him and
McCulloch and several of their sympathizers from the island and they took
refuge at Mackinaw Island.

Sometime previous the state authorities of Michigan received complaints

56 OLD SETTLERS OF THE

concerning occurrences in this part of the lake which caused investigation, and
public sentiment through the neighborhood was gradually becoming hostile to
vStrang and his colony. They were accused of numerous crimes— of trespass
upon the public lands, of interference with the fishermen, of robbing the mails,
of harboring counterfeiters and of piracy. In those days large fleets of
schooners were constantly passing up and down the lake with cargoes of pro-
duce and manufactured merchandise between Chicago and Buffalo and other
ports. A number of these vessels disappeared and the Mormons were accused
of misleading them to wreck by means of false lights and then murdering the
crews and plundering the cargoes.

Upon the application of the governor of the state the man-of-war Michigan,
which is still floating upon these waters, and is today anchored in the beautiful
bay of Harbor Springs, was sent to Reaver Island with the United States mar-
shal, who arrested Strang and a large number of his associates and took them
to Detroit, where they were tried before Judge Wilkins of the United States
District Court. The proceedings attracted much attention. Strang appeared
in his own defense and displayed remarkable ability in conducting cross-
examinations and great power as a pleader. In his speech before the jury he
claimed that he and his co-religionists were being persecuted for righteousness'
sake, and the jury evidently believed him, for not only he but more than 100 of
his Mormon subjects were acquitted of the charges made against them.

But this was only the beginning of trouble. From that time on arrests
and prosecutions of the colonists were frequent, and after the dress rebellion
McCulloch, Bedford and others are believed to have given information to the
officers of the law which caused a second visit of the United States marshal
upon the gunboat Michigan, which appeared in the harbor of St. James on the
16th of June, 1856. As soon as he was notified of her arrival King Strang left
his office to pay a call of welcome upon the captain, and as he was passing a
pile of lumber Bedford and another exile named Wentworth shot him in the
back. It was afterward disclosed that they had come from Mackinac, intend-
ing to assassinate him, and had been waiting several days in concealment for
an opportunity. The murderers surrendered themselves to the captain of the
Michigan. He took them to Mackinac and delivered them to the sheriff, who
locked them up in jail. But the citizens of Mackinac opened the doors, let
them out and made them the guests of the town. Neither of them was
ever indicted.

Strang lived for nearly a month, and at his request was carried to his
former home at Voree, where his lawful wife, an estimable woman, who had
rejected his "revelations" and refused to join the community, received him at
her home, nursed him until his death and buried him in an unmarked grave in
the village cemetery. Anarchy followed the removal of the wounded man
from P>eaver Island. The stronger members of the colony robbed the weaker,
plundered the treasury and the storehouses and seized whatever they could find
of value, while an invading band of armed men under the leadership of McCul-
loch destroyed whatever was left. They notified the inhabitants that they
must leave at once, and arranged that the steamer Keystone State should take
them away. When that boat arrived the unfortunate people were driven aboard
like so many cattle. Part of them were landed at Milwaukee and the remain-
der at Chicago, where they received little sympathy. The mob burned the
tabernacle and part of the royal palace.

Thus ended a fantastic attempt to establish a monarchy within the limits
of the great republic. In 1872 a movement was proposed by L. I). Hickey of
Coldwater, Mich., and a man named Bennett of Cleveland to reorganize the
members of the community for the purpose of bringing claims for damages

GRAND TRAVERSE

REGION

against the state, and Charles J. Strang, the son of the king, then editor of the
Charlevoix Journal, was asked to become the leader and representative of his
father's subjects, but he promptly declined to consider the suggestion and
published a letter in which he expressed a hope that the scheme would not
be agitated.

PERSONALS

ARCHIBALD BUTTARS

I'iorn-er of 1856. I'ri-sidfnt of tlie Okl Settlors' Association 1918.

Was born in Manchester, England, Nov. 21st, 1838. Came with his
parents to Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1850, and to Huron County, Mich., then a dense
forest, in 1852, his father being engaged in lumbering there. Mr. Buttars came
came to 'Pine River," now Charlevoix, in August 1856, to Elk Rapids in
December 1856, and has resided in the Grand Traverse region ever since, at

OLD

SETTLERS

O F

THE

Elk Rapids, Traverse City, Northport, and in 1869 became the junior member
of the firm of Fox, Rose & Buttars, locating at Charlevoix, doing a general
mercantile business, and also at Petoskey where they opened the first
store in that city. In 1884 the firm dissolved and Mr. Buttars entered^ the
banking business at Charlevoix and is now president of the same bank, "The
Charlevoix County Bank," oldest one in the county.

He cast his first vote as a Republican for Abraham Lincoln in 1860, was
Deputy Collector of Customs at Northport in 1865-6, County Clerk of Leela-
nau county 1868-9, State Senator for the thirtieth district of Michigan 1881-2,
and again State Senator for the twenty-ninth district and president pro tempore
of the senate for 1883-4. Was Lieut. Governor of Michigan 1885-6, when he
retired from politics.

Was married in 1864 in Charlevoix, Mich., to Celia E. Moses who died in
1875 leaving one daughter, now Mrs. Ed. F. Parmelee, of San Diego. Cal.
She has two sons and one daughter. One son is a senior lieutenant in the
Navy and the other a first lieutenant in Coast Artillery. The daughter married
a lieutenant in the Navy. He married again in 1895 Emma C. Blinn of Shel-
burne, Vermont.

Mr. Buttars claims to be the first owner of Marion Island. In the early
50's he and George Benton, another old pioneer of this region, presented the
claims from the government when Morgan Bates was in the land office, Mr.
Buttars taking the east half and Mr. Benton the west. Mr. Buttars says that
Morgan Bates was somewhat surprised when Mr. Butters walked in the land
office and told Mr. Bates that he wanted to purchase the island. Island No. 10
is the name it went by at that time. Mr. Buttars plainly sold his claims to
Albert Bacon, who owned it for a number of years.

CAPTAIN FREDERICK L. JOHNSON

Was Ix.rn in Matamoras, Mexico August 15th, 1829. When 17 years of
age he joined the Mexican Navy, but was soon afterwards transferred to the
land forces under General Zachary Taylor, for whom he acted as interpreter,
being well fitted for the position because of his knowledge of the Mexican
language.

He served in the army until September 7th, 1848. a little more than three
years. He was mustered out of service at Fort Jackson, Miss., and came to

GRAND TRAVERSE REGION

Detroit with Major Robert Forsyth. From there he went to New York, and
made three trips to San Francisco and return, taking eighteen months for these
voyages, going through the Straits of Magelhin on the Warship "Constitution."
Shortly after this time he began sailing ufi the Great Lakes.

His first trip to the Grand Traverse region was in 1852, when he and Mr.
Whelpley, a government surveyor, surveyed and cut the first road along the
head of East Bay from Traverse City to Five Mile Corners. He visited the
Grand Traverse region several times, but came here permanently in 1856.

In the early 60's he sailed the "Sunny Side," owned by Hannah, Lay &
Company, on Grand Traverse Hay, used in the passenger and freight service.
Later he sailed the "Queen of the Lakes" for Dexter &: Noble, of Elk Rapids,
having command of this boat for 18 years. He then retired from marine
service.

A strange coincidence in the lives of Captain and Mrs. Johnson, was that
the Warship "Constitution," on which he sailed after leaving Mexico, was the
same ship converted into a merchant ship on which his wife sailed when she
left her home in Ireland to come to America. Neither of them visited their
homes after coming to America.

Captain Johnson was of Spanish parentage and his wife was of Irish birth.
He died on April 2, 1905.

Mrs. Johnson is still living at the age of 82, in the comfortable home
which was built more than half a century ago.

FRANK HAMILTON

Frank Hamilton came to Michigan in 1868. He was born Nov. 24th, 1848,
in the town of Waterboro, York County, Maine. His boyhood days were spent
upon a farm in this (luiet New England borough. At the age of sixteen he left
school to enter the dry!goods store of his uncle at Saco, Maine. In the month of
May, 11868, he, in company with J. W. Milliken, left home for Traverse City after
engaging with Mr. Smith Barnes of the Hannah, Lay & Co. as salesman in the old
store fronting the Bay, arriving here on the steamer Alleghany the last day of
May, 1868. In the fall of 1873 a co-partnership was formed under the firm name

OLD

SETTLERS

O F

THE

of Hamilton, Millilien & Co., Hannah, Lay & Co. being the company. In the
year 1880 Hamilton and Milliken purchased the Hannah, Lay & Co. interest in
the business and in 1889 the block on the corner of Front and Cass streets was
erected by them. The business was divided in 1897, Mr. Hamilton continuing
in the clothing and Mr. Milliken retaining the dry goods. In 1877 Mr. Ham-
ilton married Miss Eva Rosman, daughter of Capt. and Mrs. A. W. Rosman,
whose home at that time was in Glen Haven, Mich.; both are now living in the
city. Mr. Hamilton is now actively engaged in business, his activities in
public life has always been for the betterment of Traverse City and the sur-
rounding country.

J. W. MILLIKEN

James W. Milliken came to Traverse City in the spring of 1868 and entered
the employ of Hannah, Lay &: Co. in June together with his companion Frank
Hamilton. He was born in Denmark Maine, May 26, 1848. His early life
was spent in Saco, Maine with small opportunity to secure an education and at
the age of 15 he became employed in a dry goods store in Saco. Mr. Smith
Barnes, manager of the mercantile business of Hannah, Lay &: Co., in looking
around discovered two young men — Frank Hamilton and J. W. Milliken in a
dry goods store in Saco, and offered them a position with them, which they
accepted. They remained in the employ of Hannah, Lay & Co. for si.x years,
when they decided to go into business for themselves and opened a stock in
the Hulbard Bros, building under the firm name of Hamilton, Milliken & Co.
The future of the firm has been given by Mr. Frank Hamilton. In early life
Mr. Milliken became identified with the republican party. In 1897 he was
elected to fill vacancy of state senator and in 1898 he was elected again to that
office — but could not be induced to run again, rather desiring to give his entire
time to his business. Was for many years superintendent of the Congrega-
tional Sunday School and much beloved by all the members. He married
June 8, 1881, Miss Callie Thacker, who was born in Ohio Jan. 20, 1858. Mr,
Milliken died June 19, 1908.

G R A N IJ

T R A V E R S K

R 1-: G I O N

WIIJ.IAM VOICK

Ci)iitrilnitocl by Willnir F. Sti-ek-

In the spring of 1851 the little vessel Venus, Capt. Peter Nelson came
into Traverse City.

Martha J. Voice was born in Cook ('ounty, Illinois, March 'J, 1843, and
came to Traverse City in July, 1851 on the little vessel Venus. On board was
the boilers and machinery for the Hannah, Lay & Co.'s new saw mill. On the
vessel were the following old pioneers of this region. William Voice and wife
with three children, A. Tracy Lay, Frank Hannah, Thomas Cutler, engineer,
James K. Gunton, carpenter, William Rennie, Cuyler Germaine, also a man
and his wife to keep the boarding house. On the way a heavy storm came up
endangering the swamping of the vessel. Some of the men were for cutting
loose the boilers that were lashed on each side of the deck, but the old Captain
wouldn't allow it; he said if they cut one loose they sure would roll over. He
stuck to his colors and rode out the storm in safety.

Mr. Voice lived in Traverse City one year working for the Company, then
built a mill at the head of East Bay in comjiany with Capt. Peter Nelson,
selling the mill three years later to Green & Holden of Chicago, and moving
to Northport where he built another mill.

Martha J. Voice, one of the three children of Mr. and Mrs. William Voice,
married Wilbur F. Steele at Northport November 15, 1862. They are living
on their Hillside Farm in the village limits of Northport. Mrs. Steele is I
think the oldest living resident of Traverse City, and the third oldest of the
Grand Traverse Region, Mrs. Powers being the first and S. E. Wait the second.

WILL S. ANDKRSON

On the 19th day of November, 18f)(), there landed on the dock in Traverse
City a little family consisting of a mother, two little boys and three little girls,
and take it from me, it was a rough trip on Lake Michigan and the Grand
Traverse Bay from Chicago. Father had preceded us about two months and
had built a slab shanty fin what was called Slabtown) and had it all furnished

62 OLD SETTLERS OF THE

ready for us, and a happier family I don't think ever came to Traverse City
than the Anderson family in the winter of ]866. Father had written mother to
be in Chicago on the 17th of November as the Steamer Alleghany would leave
that night for Traverse City. On arriving in Chicago we found that the
Alleghany had broken down and was laid up in Milwaukee and would make no
more trips that fall. What to do we did not know. Mother had never traveled
any at all and we knew no one in Chicago. I, being the eldest, and only fifteen
years old with no experience, mother depended on me. I finally looked
around and inquired and found that the propeller Dean Richmond would leave
that night for Northport. We got aboard that evening and was on the lake
two nights and part of two days, landing at Northport in the forenoon of
November 19th. That afternoon we boarded the steamer Sunny Side, owned
by Hannah. Lay & Co , and mastered by Capt. Fred Johnson. The bay was
covered with white caps and as rough as I ever saw it. Mother and the other
children were all very much frightened, as well as myself. Well do I remem-
ber asking Capt. Johnson if there was any danger and he answered by putting
his hand on my head and saying, "Don't be frightened my boy, I will land you
in Traverse City all safe" and he did, and from that day until his death (almost
50 years) a few years ago, Capt. Fred Johnson was the best friend I had in the
Grand Traverse Region.

Many things have happened in the last 52 years. Some of them I love to
think and talk about, and there are some things I only wish I could forget. I
had always supposed that my father was the pioneer undertaker of Northern
Michigan, but such was not the case, as Mr. Wait tells me that he made a
coffin April 18, 1854 for William May who was killed in a log jam up the
Boardman River. It was reported when we came here that it was so healthy
here they had to kill a man in order to start a cemetery.

I well remember when our cemetery (or the bodies) were moved from the
old location where the Carnegie Library now stands, to our present Oakwood
Cemetery.

Fifty years ago Will Gunton, (now deceased) older son of J. K. Gunton,
and I were schoolmates and always great chums and were always up to some
mischief, but nothing very bad. One of the worst tricks we ever did, and no
one knew who did it for several years after, was this: Hulburd Bros, had a
large store (part of it is still standing today) across the street from Steinberg's
store they had an oil shed on the river bank where Steinberg's store now
stands where they kept barrels of oil stored. At that time there were no
buildings on the north side of Front Street, and very few on the South Side.
One night Will and I took an axe and knocked the head out of two or three
barrels of oil, poured it in the river and set fire to it. A greater sight I never
saw in my life. From the oil shed down to the mouth of the river was a blaze.
The last time Will and I met we had a good laugh over setting the river on

fire.

FRANK E. FISHER

President of the Old Settlers Association of Leelanau County.

Mr. F. E. Fisher the oldest living resident of Glen Arbor Township was
born in the state of Wisconsin, July 'A, 1851. His father and mother, Mr. and
Mrs. John E. Fisher and his brother Charles Fisher moved from Wisconsin to
Glen Arbor Township landing there August 3, 1854.

Mr. and Mrs. John E. Fisher and family were the first permanent residents
in Glen Arbor township. Mr. P'isher named the township and Glen Lake, he
was the first supervisor of the township and was the fitst Judge of Probate of
Leelanau County. Mr. and Mrs. Fisher were widely known all over Grand
Traverse Region. Mr. John E. Fisher died at the age of 84 in 1900. Mrs.
John E. Fisher died in 1915 at near the age of 97. Mr. Chas. Fisher, his
brother, died in 1909. Mr. F. E. Fisher is the only one left of the family.

GRAND TRAVERSE

REGION

R. A. CAMPBELL

I'l oncer of 1859

Born in Franklin County, N. Y., January 18, 1840. Came to Traverse
City in 1859. Brought the first sheep, the first swarm of bees and run the first
threshing machine in Northern Michigan. Interested in U. S. mail service
before the arrival of the railroad and conducted a passenger and freight stage
service between Traverse City and the following places: Big Rapids, Manistee,
Manistee and Muskegon, Northport, Elk Rapids, Cadillac and Old Mission.
On April 25, 1863 he married Miss Eugenia Steele, daughter of Rev. Salmon
and Adelia R. Steele of Northport. Mrs. Campbell was born in Springfield,
Mich., May 31, 1843. She gave special lime and effort to temperance work
and had been state vice-president of the W. C. T. U. Mrs. Campbell died in
March 14, 1900.

MRS. JOSEPHINE (GAY) MORRISON

Born May 5. lr.49. First white female eliiltl born
in Traverse City.

i:i)\VARl) K. MILLER

l'ioneerlDru},'k'ist

Horn at OKI .Mission November 26, 1847.

OLD SETTLERS OF THE

LUCIUS \V. CASE

Was born February 12th, 1815. in Gustavus, Trumbull County, Ohio.
Here he grew to manhood, was married to Emeline K. Fitts in 1854, and
reared a large family of children.

On April 25, 18(30, Mr. Case left Gustavus for their new -Michigan home in
Benzonia, going by rail to Cleveland. At Cleveland they boarded the pro-
peller "Dakota" bound for Frankfort.

The propeller arrived of[ Frankfort the following Sunday morning but the
lake was very rough and the captain would not run in to make a landing at the
pier. The goods and the family were loaded into scows nearly a mile from
shore and towed to land. Among the possessions was a splendid pair of
powerful young oxen, great long horned "Buck" and "Brin." Surely they
could not be loaded into the scow with the family, so they were led to the open
gangway and with about a dozen men to help they were shoved overboard
down about twelve feet into the heavy sea that was running with its ice cold
water. It is told that "Brin" caught si<:ht of land as he was carried up on the
crest of a huge wave and immediatele struck out for shore. "Buck" was not
inclined, but after swimming around the steamer once or twice he gave a terrific
snort and with head and tail erect he started back for Ohio. With a good deal
of difficulty the sailors finally rounded him up and both oxen were finally
landed and for very many years this faithful team had much to do with the
development of Benzie Countv.

JAMES G. .JOHNSON

Born in Oakland Countv, Mich., November 15, 18(;(). Came to Grand
Traverse County with his parents in ]8(5(i. After a number of years on the
fai^m he entered the drug store of K. F. Miller. In 184;-; he formed a partner-
ship with Jas. W. Murray under the firm name of James G. Johnson & Co.
Two yenrs later he bought out his partner. In 1893 he erected a brick block
on Front street which has since been the location of the business. On Decem-
ber 14, 1885 he married at Empire Miss Jeimie E. Patterson.

Mr. Johnson died March 1, r.H)4.

GRAND TRAVERSE R K (i I O N

JAMES K. GUNTON

Pioneer of 1851
Married Miss Henrietta Baxter Juno 24, 1852,
Built the first hotel in Traverse City corner of
Front ami Franklin streets, the "(lunton House,"
afterward known as the Occidental and Cottage
Home. Died July 16, 190;<.

SAMUEL K. NORTHAM

Pioneer of 1847
Was born Berkshire, Mass., December 11, 1824.
He together with A. S. Wadsworth cut the first tree
where Klk Rapids now stands and built a saw mill,
a primitive affair, and utilized the current of Klk
River to operate it, cutting 6000 feet of lumber a day.
Mr. Northam died June 23, 1903.

HENRY D. CAMPBELL

Was born March 31, 1831, in Franklin County, N. Y., where his boyhood
days were spent on the farm summers and attending school winters. In 1852
he set out for the west, first going to Chicago, traveling on foot, by stage and
livery, he reached Traverse City November 29, 1852. The winter of 1852-3 he
spent in the lumber woods, and in the summer of 1853 filled a tally berth in the
saw mill; for six years following had charge of the office and supply depart-
ment of Hannah, Lay & Co. as bookkeeper, cashier, etc. In 1860 he com-
menced clearing up his large farm near Silver Lake In 1861 he was appoint"
ed as postmaster of Traverse City. In July 1862, he married Miss Catherine A.
Carmichael they settling in their new home on Silver Lake. In 1871 he
bought a home in Traverse City in order to give more attention to the Camp-
bell stage lines operating from Big Rapids on the south to Cheboygan on the
north, with others diverging east and west from Traverse City. In 1874 he
severed his connection with this service to give his attention to the manage-
ment of the Campbell House (now Park Place Hotel) which he built in 1873.
In 1881 he obtained a franchise from the village for the use of the streets and
alleys for the purpose of the introduction of a water supply and from April 1
1882 until the plant was bought by the city in 1900, furnished the village with

OLD SETTLERS OF THE

water for fire protection and domestic use. In connection with the water
plant in 1890 he installed an electric plant, associating with him in the bnsiness
his four sons. Served 12 years as Judge of Probate and when in January, 1893
he turned over the olflce to his successor he severed by this a continued forty
years service as a public official, as supervisor, treasurer and county officer.
He served at one time on the board of trustees of the Northern Michigan
Asylum, having been appointdd by Governor Pingree.

Mr. Campbell died February 4, 1902. Mrs. Campbell died May 31, 1913.

MICHAEL GAY

Pioneer of 1847
Horn Wolf River. Canada. October 15, 1H19. died
February '.i. 1984. First white settlor at Traverse
City. Died Feb. 5, 1904.

JOHNIBLACK

Born in Scotland 1827, came to Grand Traverse
1858 and bouv:lit 160 acres of land in East Bay town-
ship, I'niprietor of the "E.xchanjre" Hotel on
Front street in the early days of Traverse City.
The "K.xclKinjre" was the liappy home of nearly all
the younjr clerks of Hannah. Lay K- Co.. the only
business house in the village. Died Feb. .3, 1899.

CAPTAIN O. E. WILBUR

Came with his parents to the Manitou Islands in 1857 and to'Northport in
1859. Followed the Great Lakes as sailor since his boyhood. Was born in
Jefferson County, N. Y., in 1853. We well remember him as the genial cap-
tain of the "City of Grand Rapids," owned by Hannah, Lay & Co., and on a
route between Traverse City and Mackinaw.

For a number of years he has had charge of the lake freight and passenger
traffic at Charlevoix. He was married Dec. 31, 1883, to Miss Rose Risley of
Northport.

GRAND TRAVEKSb; REGION

HON. Df.WITT C. leach

Pioneer of 1861 and Indian Ajrcnt for Michigfan
durinir Lincoln's administration. Horn in C larence.
Frie C'ountv, X. Y., November 2'f, \S22. .Married
April 17. \><M). Miss Abi>:ail Comfort. Died Dec. 21,
1909. Mrs. Leacii died Jan. 20, 1918.

ELISHA P. LADD

Pioneer of 1852
Taught the .'irst district school at Old Mission.
Born. Herkimer County. N. Y., .May 28. 1819.
Married in New York state to Miss Mary Wilmarth.
Mr. Ladd died Nov. 22, 1898.

WILLIAM RENNIE

Pioneer of 1851
Had charije of Hannah. Lay & Co.. lumber
camps for several years. Born in New Brunswick
in 1821. Died March 26, 1886.

RODERICK (;RAV

Pioneer of 18<'.0
Born in vScotland in 1M18. Was sexton of Traverse
City cemetery for many years. Funerals were few
in those days. One day Mr. Hannah on askinc him
if he was very busy he replieii. "1 have not burieti a
living soul in si.\ weeks." Dieii Dec. 18. 1893.

OLD SETTLERS OF THE

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Wreck of the Westmoreland near Sleepy Bear F^oint in 18S4.

Frank E. Fisher tells this story that occurred in the fall of 1854. The propeller
Westmoreland, Capt. Clark, plying; between Chicago and Buffalo, was loaded
wiih barrels of pork, high-wines and oats. She sprang a leak off Little Point
Sable, wind northwest and a heavy sea running. She tried to make vSouth
Manitou harbor and when opposite Platte River bay the water in the hold put
out the fire so they headed her for the shore before the wind. There were 34
people on board including the crew. The captain ordered everyone to boats
as the boat was sinking. Part of the crew did not respond to the captain's
orders, having made too free use of the high-wines, and only 17 were saved
including Capt. Clark, Paul Pelky, first mate, and two cabin girls, Kate and
Anna. The life boat containing the 17 people struck shore in Platte River bay.
It was about the 11th of November and some snow on the ground. They built

OLD SETTLERS OF THE

a fire and remained until morning. Capt. Clark detailed parties to go both
ways on the beach to hunt civilization. A party of two came to Sleeping Bear
Point and there discovered cattle and mule tracks which they followed to Glen
Arbor Bay and came to our house. John E Fisher and others went to their
rescue and kept them in our home three weeks. Some had frozen feet and
hands, and the men returned following the beach to Northport thence to
Traverse City and from there to their several homes. The two girls stayed
with John E. Fislier and wife.

(IRAN I) PA
THOMAS B. KROCKVVAV

Came to Traverse City in 18G2,
over half a centaury ago. He
made apple and flour barrels for
Hannah, Lay & Co. in a cooper
shop that stands where the Pere
Marquette depot now stands.

Mr. Brockway died January
20, 1909.

SMITH BARNES

Secretary, treasurer and general man-
ager of the Hannah tli: Lay Mercantile
Co., was bf>:n ni Madison County, N.
Y., in J827. Since 1836 his life has
been spent in ALchigan. He came to
Traverse City in 1860 and became a
partner in the firm. In 1852 he married
Miss Lucinda M. Hart. She died in
1870. His second marriage was in
1871 to Miss Catherine K. Clarke of
Geneva, N. Y.

Mr. Barnes died June 19, 1891.

ORA>}D TRAVERSE REGION

MRS. M. E. C. RATES
Pioneer of 1863

BENEATH iMY TREES

liy Mrs. Af. E. C. /fates

The air is full of flashing wings,

Sometimes one hears— sometimes one sees
The green leaves quiver as he sings—

My Robin or my Brown Thrush sweet,

Or comes the Vireo, to my feet
Beneath my trees.

The crickets chirp within the grass.
And, drinking tiower-wine to the lees,

Great butterflies across me pass —

Swift dragon flies with eaudy wings —
So many dainty flying things
Beneath my trees.

The locusts' arch shuts out the sun,
The oaks stand sentinel at ease;

The cedars, dark as Lebanon,
Give out their spices in the heat.
An altar's incense rising sweet
Beneath my trees.

Without, the great world's fret and fear.
Here good to rest, in sw'eet degrees,

No bird found ever love more dear,
Beneath soft wings in sheltered nest,
"The hollow of His hand" doth rest
Beneath mv trees.

Was born in Northville, iMichigan
August 25, 1839. vShe was the
daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Jesse
Cram, whose family moved to Trav-
erse City in 1863. On May 5, 1867,
she became the wife of Thomas T.
Bates, with whom she became

associate editor of the Grand Traverse Herald and edited the Home
and Sunshine departments of that paper. She became a charter member of
the Ladies' Library Association when it was organized in 1869. The children
of Mr. and Mrs. Bates were George G., who married Miss Mayme Fairbanks,
Mabel who married Carl C. Williams, and Clara. Mrs. Bates died March 23,
1905. Mr. Bates died December 18, 1912.

THE NORRIS FA.MILY

The Norris family landed at Elk Rapids June the 12, 1851. from a vessel
loaded with wheat from Racine, Wisconsin. They brought their houseliold
goods on deck, including two cows and pair work cattle. The vessel being
loaded they had to anchor a long ways out; they shoved the cattle overboard
and landed the goods in an Indian boat. "We thought one of the cows was

^2 . 0 L D S E T T'L E R S OF T'H E

lost, she swam so far out in the bay that we could not see anything of her but
she finally came ashore all right." The family stayed there about ten days
and then came to Traverse City in an Indian boat called the VVah-bi-zee, sailed
by Indian ' David." It was an open boat but sui^ciently large enough to
carry enough to carry all of them and the goods. They landed at the mouth
of the Boardman liver about 4 o'clock in the afternoon of the same day and
went from there into a block house at the north end of Boardman Lake. They
lived in the block house that winter, and Seth Norris took a logging job of H.
L. & Co. on a forty, now occupied by the P. M. round house. Mr. Norris
bought the land of the government. The next summer John B. Spencer came
and got Mr. Norris to board some men while he got out some flatted timber to
build the first dock at Traverse City. The family stayed there that summer
and the next winter moved to the west side of the bay. On the first day of
May the next summer there was a bridge, a very good one, across the river,
close to where we lived, and a poor wagon road over the Mill creek. A family
by the name of Carmichael and Michael Gay lived there that time. Our cattle
we did not see anything of until we came to Traverse City, they came there
before we did; the cows stopped at Mill Creek and Mr. Gay and the Carmichael
family were well supplied with milk for they both gave a good mess.

A STORY

Harvey Avery tells this story: We arrived at Old Mission on the steamer
S'heridan, and not having any wharfs or docks as we now have, we threw our
horses and cattle overboard and let them swim ashore, right where the dock
now stands. My father with his eight boys, settled on what was called the
Lookout farm, then an Indian reservation.

One year later my father had occasion to go to the Old Mission and left
me and my brother Sylvanus to do some work on the farm, with instructions
as to just how he wanted it done. After he had left us we decided that we had
a better plan of doing the work and proceeded to do what we considered the
better way.

Upon my father's return, he came out and found that we were not doing
just as he had instructed us, so wanted to know the reason why we were not
doing this piece of work as he had told us to do ir. Brother Sylvanus told
father that we had a better plan of doing the work. Thereupon father told us
that he would teach us to do the work as he told us to do,'and took my brother
first and gave him a rousing good tanning. I did not like the way my father
was doing up my brother and made some objection, whereupon my father let
my brother go and took me, putting me through the same course of sprouts.

After father had gotten through with us, he told us he guessed that now
we would do business as he had instructed us, but on the following morning
my brother took what little money he had, and I gave him what little change I
had saved for the past six months, with which I was to have a Fourth of July
celebration, and my brother Sylvanus left the Grand Traverse country, never
returning until 1915. He came back to' make a visit for the first time since
leaving in 1853. While here I look him and his daughter out to the old Look-
out place, which is now the Howe farm. Sylvanus wanted to know if I could
show him the exact ground where father gave him and me that last tanning, so
I took him to the very spot, which is now grown up with shrubbery, and we
stood upon that memorable spot while Sylvanus called his daughter Belle to
take a kodak picture of him and me standing there together again.

GRAND

TRAVERSE

REGION

ASA HALE

Asa Hale came to Michigan sixty-
seven years ago and settled in Green-
ville where he married in 1862 Miss
Elmira Kent. He was born in Phelps,
N. Y., May 8. 1833. He enlisted in
Co. D., 21st Michigan Infantry in 1862
and served three and a half years.
Joined the Masonic Lodge in Green-
ville in 18(j7 and was Past Master of
the Blue Lodge and Chapter at (Green-
ville and at the time of his death was
standard bearer in the Traverse City
Commandery Knights Templar. He
was much famed for his skill in playing
on his violin the old familiar tunes and
was much in demand for playing at
social events and even in his declining
years never failed to respond to a call
for his musical services at Masonic
events. Mr. Hale died Jan. 30, '1916.

Home of the Anderson Girls for over 52 years. The first house built on
the South Side by Samuel Anderson in 1867,

OLD S E T T Iv E R S OF THE

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On Grand Traverse Bay

GRAND TRAVERSE

REGION

THE ORGANIZATION

of the Old Settlers' Association was perfected at K\k Rapids March 7, 1883,
with twenty-eight members. They were: Enoch Wait, Jas. P. Brand, R.
Johnson, James J. McLaughlin, Alex Campbell, R. W. Bagot, A. McVicker,
VVmsor Golden. Daniel Taylor, B. D. VVitiaie, Justus Beebe, J. M. Goddard,
Joseph Sours, A. O. Campbell, Charles Russel, O. Perry Stocking, Bazil
Sarisin, John McDonald, Isaac F. Daw, John Denahy, John Cameron, M.
Chandler, Lowell Sours, I). B Scofield, William Gray, Fred Burberry, Chas.
Beebe, M. Swaney. The first regular meeting was held in the Lake View
House the week following March 14. At this time the following officers were
elected to serve one year: President, John McDonald; First Vice-President,
Alexander Campbell; Second Vice-President, William Copeland; Third Vice-
President, Willard Spaulding; Recording Secretary, Lowell Sours, Corres-
ponding Secretary, James J. McLaughlin; Treasurer, John Denahy.

The following list of membership has been made up from written records
which are probably very incomplete, so if any name has been omitted it has
been from lack of proper data in the records. We give the name and year
they settled in the Cirand Traverse Region.

Abbott. W. H 1889

Abbott, Mrs. W. H 1891

Ackers. L 1867

Ackers. J. U 1867

Ackers. Elizabeth G 1866

Ackers, Mrs. Martha 1867

Adsit. Abraham 1853

Adsit, Mary 1853

Adsit, Mr. and Mrs. Arnold D 1856

Adsit, W. H 1878

Adsit, Mrs. W. H 1882

Adsley. S 1883

Adsley, John 1883

Adsley. Arvilla 1883

Ainsley. Gilbert 1858

Ainsiie. L. E 1859

Ainslie. Mrs. L. E 1870

Allen, Mrs. Laura L 1854

Allen, Elba 1864

Allen, Hattie L 1864

Allen. Henry L 1862

Allen. Harold L 1894

Allen, E. P 1870

Allen. Mrs. E. P 1869

Aldrich. Capt. A. G 1849

Ames. Robert C 1865

Amspigler. Mr. and Mrs. Frank. ...1852

Anderson, George ...1876

Anderson, W. H 1867

Anderson. Florence L 1872

Anderson. Mr. and Mrs. Samuel. .1866

Anderson, W. H., Sr 1867

Anderson, W. S 1866

Anderson, Mrs. W. S 1862

Anderson, Jennie E 1866

Anderson, Angelina I' 1866

Anderson, Marget 1866

Anderson. Ralph 1881

Anderson. Mrs. Ralph 1888

Anderson. H. H 1883

Anderson. Will H 1885

Anderson. Mrs. Will H 1889

Anness, G. W 1874

Anton. James 1882

Arnold, lared W 1854

Arnold, George W 1864

Arnold, Florence 1877

Arms, Wm. H 1876

Arms, Stella Lee (Mrs. W. H.)....1870

Armstrong. Mr. and Mrs. Wm 1862

Armstrong. Leonard 1865

Ashton. Mr. and Mrs. Dr. B. D 1862

Ashton. Dr. E. L 1862

Ashton. Mrs. E. L „ 1868

Ashton. Ben R 1886

Ashton, Frank 1862

Ashton. Will 1862

Asliton. Seth 1892

Ashton, Frank E 1889

Ashton, Georgiaetta (Mrs. F. E.)..1900

Atkinson, Fred 1866

Avery. Harvey 1851

Avery. Fanny W. (Mrs. Harvey). .1870

Averv. Truman 1854

Averv. Wm. N 1872

Avery, Mrs. Wm. N 1878

Bagot. Richard W 1857

Bagot. Mary E. (Mrs. R. W.) 1873

Haglcy. W. D 1875

Bagley. Kmnia I Matt (Mrs.

W. D.) 1855

Baird. W. M 1853

Baird. Mrs. C. S 1858

i'.aker, ICIlen 0 1878

i'.iker. lames ]

P.aker, Leon h 1886

F.akor, Georgetta M. r.Mrs. L. J.). .1884

Baker. Leonard 1878

I'.aker, Sims 1875

Ball, George E 1888

OLD

SETTLERS

O F

THE

Bannock. Fernand 1^65

Banker. E. W 1901

Banker, Cecilia M 1901

Bartak, Louise 1^66

Barnes, Eldridge P 1878

Barnes. Amanda 1868

Barney, Air. and Mrs. Joseph B...1874

Barney, Robert 1874

Barney, Mrs. Robert 1870

Barlow, Mr. and Mrs. Geo., Sr 1867

Barlow, Julia 1867

Barlow, George, Jr 1867

Barnes, Smith 186^

Barnes, Mrs. Smith 1871

Bartlett, Antoine .1874

Bartlett. Lizzie 1876

Bates, Morgan. Sr 1858

Bates, Clymene Cole (Mrs.

Morgan, Sr.) 1858

Bates, Rev. Merritt 1863

Bates, Ann Eliza (Mrs. Merritt)..1863

Bates, Thomas T 1863

Bates, M. E. C. (Mrs. Thos. T.)....1863

Bates, Morgan, Jr 1862

Bates, Clara Doty (Mrs. Mor-
gan, Jr.) 1864

Bates, Clara N 1876

Bates, George G 1863

Bates. Mayme Edith (Mrs. G. G.)..1879

Bate, Elizabeth (Gray) I860

Batey, Joseph 1862

Batey, Irene 1862

Baumberger. Chas. A 1872

Baumbcrger, Friderich 1868

Baumberger, Mary E 1864

Beadle, John T 1857

Beadle. Mrs. Anna T 1899

Beach. Stephen H

Beaman, Mr. and Mrs. Wm 1866

Beaman. Emma 1864

Beitner, William 1856

Beitner. Mrs. William 1869

Beck. Mrs. Euramia 1864

Beckwith, Mrs. Lucinda 1882

Bell, Charles M 1877

Bell. Elizabeth H 1884

Bellinger. Mr. and Airs. A 1867

Bellinger, Adam 1867

Bellinger, Mrs. A 1875

Beers, Lanson N 1861

Beers, Eunice B. (Mrs. L. N.) 1861

Beers, Charles M 1861

Becker, Mrs. AlarthaS 1874

Bennett, William 1876

Bennett, Mrs. William (Stowell)..186l

Bennct. J. L 1865

Bennett. Anice C 1880

P.cnnett. Mrs. Ida I860

Bennett, Frank 1868

Bennett, A. H I860

Bennett, Mrs. A. H 1869

Bennett, Mrs. Elizabeth I860

Benedict, Mrs. Fanny D I860

Benson, A. V

Benton. R. A 1883

Betts, William A 1863

lUtts, Martha T 1863

Belts, W. E 1863

Biermacher. Peter 1884

Biermachcr. Susannah K 1884

liiUings. Julia 1879

Billings. E. C 1880

Billings. Frances

Billings, Mrs. John D 1879

Birmley. Jacob 1850

Birmley. Mr. and Mrs. John 1859

lilackburn. Nellie 1883

Blacken. Anna U 1900

Blacken. John 1881

Blacken. Mrs. C. 0 1868

Black, John 1851

Black, Edwin 1862

Black, Peter 1880

Blackman. Mr. and Mrs. James. ...1872

Blackman. Henry 1873

Blair, B. B 1898

Bradgood. E. B 1866

Bloodgood. J. 0 1862

Blue, Mr. and Airs. George 1880

Bonner, E. L 1890

Bonner, Mrs. E. L 1868

Boon, Alartha E 1868

Boon, George W 1877

Boston, A. W 1865

Boston. C. A 1865

Bowen. Frank S 1873

Bowden. John 1880

Bowdcn. Debbie :....1869

P.rakcl. lolm 1869

P>rakel. William 1856

Brakel. Anna (Umlor) 1907

Brakel. Chrisla 1860

Brakel. Jacob 1860

Bracebridge. Samuel 1865

Bracken, B. H 1886

Briethanpt. Alliert 1866

Brand, lames P 1851

Hrezina. John 1 1882

P.rezina. Mrs. j. J 1868

Brinkman. Henrv K 1852

Brinkman. Airs. Kezia (H. K.) 18.52

I'.rinkman. Alonzo H 1850

]!rinkman, Eliza Theresa 1856

Brinkman. Eugene J 1858

Brinkman. Lewis A 1860

Brock way. Air. and Mrs.

Thomas B 1862

Brown. F. E 1866

Brown, E. S

Brown, George 1852

Brown. Henry 1866

Brown. Walter 1869

Browning. R. C 1866

Brownson. Wm. H. H 1863

Brownson. Mrs. Delia A 1864

Brodhagen. Henry 1876

Brodhagen, Airs. Bertha 187^>

Broadfoot, Charles A 1877

Broadfoot, Mrs. Charles 1885

Brookmayer, Frank 1868

Brosch, Frank 1852

lirosch. Airs. Frank 1856

Brvant. L. G 1862

Bryant. G. W 1864

Buck. Chas. K 1871

Buck, Alary Knezik (Mrs. C K.)..1860

GRAND TRAVERSE REGION

Buckncr. Clair 1895

Buckner. .Mrs. Clair 1881

Burberry, Mrs. Silva ISSh

Burden. Patrick 1881

Burden, Annie 1880

Burns. William T 1865

Burnett, S. S

Burr, Amnion 1853

Buttars, Archibald 1856

Butler, Elwood \V 1892

Butler, Hannah

Butler, Joseph 1868

Button, James A

Caldwell. Mr. and Mrs. Robert 1873

Cameron, Mrs. Lizzie F 1879

Cameron, Archie....: 1865

Campbell, Robert Avery. Sr 187,^

Campbell, Harriet E. (Mrs. R.

A.. Sr.) 1873

Campbell. H. D 1852

Cami)bell. Catherine (Mrs.

H. D.) 1861

Campbell, R. A _ 1840

Campbell, David R 1871

Campl)ell, Mrs. Eugenia

(Mrs. R. D.) 1859

Campbell, Emma R 1864

Campbell, Alexander 1855

Campl)ell, Mrs. Frances E 1882

Campbell, luHus 1865

Campbell, Mrs. Julius 1895

Campbell, Mr. and Mrs.

Henry F 1850

Campl)e]l, Wilbur E 1882

Campl)ell, Mr. and Mrs. Frank 1863

Canniflf, Mr. and Mrs. C. B 1874

Capron, Willis V 1891

Cams, Mr. and Mrs. John 1869

Carrier, Chauncj' C ISOO

Carrier, Airs. Sarah A 180l

Carpenter, William D 1883

Carpenter, Calvin L 1886

Carter, D. E 1863

Carter. W. M 1865

Carlisle, Albert

Carver, T. W 1902

Case, Rev. and Mrs. A. B 1860

Case, W. L 1860

Case, James 1860

Case. C. E 1860

Case, W. N 1860

Case, Adelaide 1862

Case, H. S 1853

Case, Orin C 1853

Cate, Mrs. Mary L 1866

Cate, S. B 1866

Cate. M. C 1866

Cedersten, Chas. T 1881

Cedersten, Emma 1869

Chandler. D. G 1864

Chase, Marv A 187'»

Chase, Chester W 189i

Chase. Abby L. (Mrs. E. E.) 1873

Chase. Capt, E. E 1873

Chase, Elizabeth L. (Mrs. O. E.)..1873

Chase, Dr. O. E 1873

Chaster. E. S 1857

Chaloupka. Frank 1878

Champiurs. E. E 1878

Champiurs. Elizabeth Gilroy 18()5

Chase, Dr. Sara T 1906

Chandler. John 1889

Chennaux, Wm 1870

Christenson, Erner 1878

Child, Mary M 1864

Child, J. R 1874

Clark, William E 1864

Cleveland, L. K 1880

Cleveland, Mrs. L. K 1883

Clyde, H. W 1866

Clyde, Thomas H 1859

Clyde, G. W 1860

Clyde, Mima C. (Mrs. G. W.) 1861

Cochlin, Rev. Demas 1889

Cochlin, Anna G. (Mrs. D.) 1890

Cole, Mrs. C. A 1868

Cole, Charles 1867

Cole, H. M 1882

Colby. Reno C 1890

Cook, Albert B 1871

Cook, Martha A. (Mrs. A. B.) 1884

Cook. Irving L 1878

Cook, Geo. W 1866

Cook, John A 1866

Cook, Matilda A 1866

Cook, Frank E 1866

Cook, H, I 1877

Copeland, Mary Sivance 1852

Corbett, Mr. and Mrs. R. L 1882

Core, William 1861

Core, Mrs. Wm 1867

Corcoran, J. J 1890

Courtade. John 1861

Courtade, Mrs. John N 1881

Courtade. John N 1868

Courtade. Zelia A 1867

Coulter, George W 1872

Coulter, A. L 1871

Covell. George G 1881

Craw. Mark A 1872

Grain, S 1860

Grain, Leslie 1850

Crane, Mr. and Mrs. Lewis 1861

Crane, A. Howard 1872

Craker, W. A 1863

Craker, W. A 1879

Craker, Harriett A 1855

Craker. Frank 1867

Craker, Geo. H 1855

Crawford, C. A

Cram, Jesse 1863

Cram. Hannah Pearson (Mrs.

Jesse) 1863

Crissey. C. A 1877

Crissey. Mrs. C. A 1878

Crisp, Adelbcrt H 1868

Crisp. Cora B 1863

Crisp. William 1868

Crisp, Mary E 1868

Cronin, Cornelius 1864

Cronin, Catherine ...1856

Crotser, Mr. and Mrs. J. 0 1891

trum, Mrs. Dora Hoxie 1867

OLD SETTLERS OP THE

Culman, Mr. and Mrs. Jacob 1882

Culver, Mrs. Cora L. (Wait)

Curry, Mary C 1869

Curry, Wm I860

Curry. W. N 1870

Curtis, Mr. and Mrs. Harvey 1867

Curtis, Ashley B 189?

Curtis, Fred D 1889

Curtis, Lulu 187?

Curtis, Mrs. Phebe J 1864

Cutler, Thomas, Sr 1851

Dalzell, Mr. and Mrs. John 1866

Dame, Mrs. George 1859

Dame, E. F 1841

Dana, Mrs. Rose Swaney 1850

Darrow, S. C 1865

Darrow, Mrs. S. C 1870

Darrow, William H 1885

Darrow, Mrs. W. H 1899

Darrow, Edward 1895

Darrow, Mrs. Edward 1905

Davis, Mr. and Mrs. E. V 1866

Daw, Isaac F 1851

Dawson, Mr. and Mrs. John 1866

Davey, Albert D 1868

Davis, Mrs. Ruth 1852

Dayton, Clinton L 189'

Day, D. H 1878

Day, Mrs. D. H 1873

Dean, Walter W 1884

Dean, Mrs. Walter W 1884

Dean, James R 1858

Dean, Mary E 1850

Dean, S. P 'Z..1857

Decker. Wm. G. Bond, M. D.... 1910

DeGraw, Mrs. W. E

DeGraw, Mrs. Sarah B ".T864

DcGraw, George E 1864

DeGraw. Isaac „ 1834

Deitz, Amos M 1845

Denton, Chester 1868

Dipley, Mrs. Chas 1868

Dcspres, Mrs. Margaret Grav 1860

Dcsprcs, S. C 1866

Desprcs, Mabel W 1886

Despres, Mrs. Arthur C 18()7

Despres, Arthur C 1872

Dexter, Wm 1866

Dexter, Mrs. Wm. M 1867

Dickerman, Joseph W 1866

Dingnian, Richard 1862

Dol).s()n, A. S 1882

Duncon, J. O '........1898

Duell, F. L 1873

Duell. Ella I "Z 186^?

Duell, A. L 1873

Dugal, Mr. and Mrs. Peter.^L."".".1865

Dunn, Dumerick 1851

Dunn, Fred

Dunn, Anna M

Dunn, Valentine '..'."""''''.'l865

Dunn, Isabella McGarrv (Mrs

^ Val) : 1861

Dunn. Mr. and Mrs. John..... 1854

Dunlap, Mr. and Mrs. A. B 1860

Donner, Roselta H

Dohm, Henry Sen "..."l854

Dougherty, A. K ..1868

Dougherty, John 1880

Donaldson, Austin 1874

Durga, W. R iggj

Dye, Chas. B '".1882

Dye, Mrs. Chas. B 1868

Earl, Frank A igQl

Eastenight, Philip 1854

Ebner, Chas. J 1888

Ebner, Georgid CMrs C.J.) 1888

Ebner, Wiliiam H i889

Ebner, Hester (Mrs. W. H.). ...... 1883

Edgeconib, Chas. A

Edgeconib, Caltia J "

Edington, Hannah P 1896

Egeler. Philip i860

Egeier. Orrilla

Einian. Joseph '"^.."l876

Einiaii, Elenor 1877

Elder. V 1372

Elder. A. E l.'.Z....'." 1872

Einiiaw. Mrs. Mable A 1889

Emory. Capt. E. T

Emory. Capt. J. W .."'

Emory, Mrs. Nancy 'Z.". 1854

Emory, Capt. Hiram "1854

Emerson. Wm. C 1845

Ennis. John G I."'"""l865

Ennis. Lavinia A.

Ernst W. S 1854

Ernst. Mrs. W. S

Ernest. Mrs. Emma V

Estes, c E... ;;:":zi863

Estes, Mrs. Chas 1864

Evens, Edward A 1881

Evans, Nettie F ."^."'....1896

Fairbanks. Zclotes Cornelius 1867

Fairbanks, Eunica (irant (Mrs.

,, '''■ ^•' 187^'

1^ arrow, Samuel

Fasel, Minnie A 1879

Feiger, Philip ""ZZl 1879

Feiger, .Mrs. Grace [[ZZ

Fett. Jerras \872

Felt. Mrs. Estella 1864

Filmorc E ";.'.':i860

I^ite. Wm. H 1854

Fisher, Eugene 1875

Fisher. Mr. and Mrs. John "e. 1854

Fogarty. Patrick I868

Foote, William R ..1883

Footc. Mrs. Grace Hastings. '''..''"l88^

W)rest. Mrs. Augusta Avery 1863

Forton, Mr. and Mrs. Andrew 1881

Foster, Augustus 1863

l;*'";^''- Y- ■"■"1863

roster. I homas I877

Fowle. William .............1854

GRAND TRAVERSE REGION

Fowie, John 1874

Fowler, F. S

Fowler. Curtis, Sr 1856

Fowler. Curtis. Jr 1850

Fowler. Louise (Selden). Sr

Fowler, Marguerite 1' 1862

Fowler. Herbert W

Franke. G 1870

Fralik. Mrs. G. W 1893

Franklin. Wm. J 1858

Franklin, Lucy 1865

Franklin, lohn M 1865

Franklin. "Mrs. lohn M 1855

Franklin. Mrs. K. M 1890

Franklin. K. M 1891

Franklin, Harry

Frazer, C. W 1875

Freeman. Kasson 1861

F"riedrich. Mr. and Mrs. Frank 1872

Friedrich. Frank. Jr 1872

Friedrich. Mrs. Emma Breck.. 1864

Friedrich. A. V 1873

Friedrich. Mrs. A. V 1885

Fuller. Sanford 1863

Fuller. Mrs. Sanford 1864

Fuller. W. R 1863

Fuller. Mattie C 1879

Fox. Lyman P 1879

Fox. Sarah E 1879

Fox, Geo. R 1871

Fox. Mrs. Geo. R

Fuller, Sara 1866

Furtsch, George 1866

Furtsch, Antonia 1866

Furtsch, Frank 1896

Furtsch, John 1883

Furtsch, ieanette 1883

Furtsch, Jacob 1878

Furtsch, Ferdinand

Gage, L. H 1868

Gage. Mrs. L. H 1870

Gallagher. John 1891

Gannett. Willard C 1884

Gannett, Mary J 1884

Garland, Charles 1851

Garland. Samuel

Garthe. Isaac 1867

Garthe, Steiner C 1868

Garthe, S 1872

Garwick, Peter 1861

Gardner, Perry H 1861

Gardner, .'\rvilla Tompkins 1863

Gardner, Claril)el Hannah

Gates, Alfred 1864

Gatmtiett. Mr. and Mrs. I. W

Gomp. Mr. and Mrs. Michael 1847

Geer, Myron 1848

Germain e, Cuyler 1851

Germaine, Mrs. C 1854

Getchell. Chas. F 18(>1

Getty, J. G 1870

Gibbs. A 1872

Gibbs, Laura D 1882

Gibhs, L. K 1867

Gibbs, Mary A 1888

Gilibs, James I 1871

Gibbs, Addie A 1883

CJibbs, Harry 1878

Giliis, John 1863

Gillis, Mary E. (Mrs. John) 1858

Giliis, Tracy H 1872

(iilroy, P'dward 1865

Giiroy, Mrs. Edward 1875

Gilbert, Ed L 1899

Gilbert. P. C 1867

Gilbert. R. Emma 1870

Cill. H. E 1864

Gill. Wm 1855

Gill, I. C 1868

Gill. Martha 1855

Goddard, John M 1855

Gold fa rb. Samuel

Goldman. Sol 1880

Golden. Windsor 1856

Golden. Mrs. W 1863

Goodale. Dr. and Mrs. D. C 1852

Goodale. Aernes E 1853

Goode, William 1870

Goodman, John 189.5

Goodman, Ada F. (Mrs. Tohn) 1866

Goodrich. Mr. and Mrs. Reuben ..I860

Gore. Homer 1866

Grant, Mr. and Mrs. John F ^.1857

Grant. Wm. F 1857

Gray, Mr. and Mrs. A. P 1868

Gray. Walton L 1892

Gray. Roderick I860

Gray. Mrs. Alex. McKay I860

Gray. James

Gray, Robert 1856

Gray, Roderick T., Jr I860

Gray, Nettie ! 1865

Gray, Mrs. Martha 1883

Grum, Frank. Sr 1877

Greeno, Mr. and Mrs. L. F 1861

Greeno. William 1861

Greeno. S. E 1861

Greilick. J. E 1856

Grei'ick. Nancy C. (Case)

Greilick. C. L 1870

Greilick, John 1856

Greilick, Edward 1856

Greilick, William 1856

Greilick. Anthony 1856

Greilick. Walter E ..~".1867

Grubb. F. R 1893

Gustine. Annie i860

fiunton, James K 1851

Gunton. Charles R 1871

Hale, Mr. .md Mrs. .\sa 1S91

llale, i onise 1891

Hale. Chas. E 1892

I lale, Josephine V 1887

Halier. Paulus 1877

Haller. Mary P 1871

Hall, c. L :::::z:::::::::;i88^

OLD SETTLERS OF THE

Hamilton, Frank 1865

Hamilton. Eva R. (Mrs. F.)

Hammond, Finley M 1867

Hammond, E. J ., 1863

Hammond, Mrs. E. J 1861

Hammond, Clinton A 1867

Hammond, Catherine 1867

Hamlin, Mr. and Mrs. 1. R 1885

Hannaford, C. A 1866

Hannaford, Hellen S 1866

Hannah, Perry 1851

Hannah, Ann Amelia (Mrs. P.).... 1852

Hannah, Julius T 1858

Hannah, Mrs. Laura (Beers) 1861

Hacker, John 1868

Hans, Mr. and Mrs. E. J 1870

Hanson, Homer A 1894

Hanson, Mrs. Homer A 1870

Hanson, Mr. and Mrs. Louie 1864

Hanika, Chas. B

Hanslovsky, Chas. H 1880

Hanslovsky, Mrs. Chas. H 1870

Hanslovsky, Mrs. F 1855

Hanslovsky, Victoria 1890

Hanslovsky, Emma R 1891

Hanslovsky. Marie A 1893

Hanslovsky, Julius A 1895

Hargraves, John A 1863

Hargravcs, Geo. W 1862

Hargraves, Mrs. M. C 1863

Hargraves, Malcolm 1875

Hardy. E. S 1866

Harkness, Henry 1868

Harren. Geo. S

Harrwood. A. W 1868

Harrwood, Mrs. A. W 1870

Harsha, H. S 1873

Harsha, Wm. F

Harrison, Upsall 1857

Harrison, Rebecca 1857

Haskell, M. E 1872

Hastings, E. W 1864

Hastings, Sarah E. (Mrs. E. W.)..1861

Hastings. Ralph S 1876

Hastings, Ethel Hoxie (Mrs.

R. S.) 1878

Hatch, Corneli 1866

Haviland, Joseph B 1864

Haviland, Mrs. Joseph B 1864

Haviland, A. J 1S78

Haviland, Frances G. (Mrs.

(A.J. ) :.... 1 877

Hawkins, Mrs. lane E.... 1857

Harvey. Geo. E 190?

Heath. Helen A 1853

Heath, W'illard 18f6

liedden. Mr. and Mrs. Geo 1866

iie.lden, Fred F 1866

Hodden. Ella Adsit (Mrs. F.) 1858

Helm, Albert J 1883

Hess, Wm. M 186^

Hess, Hannah M. (Mrs. W.) 1865

Hess, Mr. and Mrs. Chas 1865

Hewett. Salma M...: ;•. 1882

Hewett. Eva A 1880

Heuss, Mrs. Alice Lee 1855

*Hill, H. H : 1882

Hilbert, James 1885

Hinshavv, Mr. and Mrs. Z. E 1881

Hitchcock, Thos. A 1852

Hitchcock, Helen G. (Mrs.

T. A.) 1853

Herrington, Daniel 1876

Herrington, N. W 1867

Hobbs, Rowland 1869

Hobbs, Mrs. Rowland 1869

Hobbs, Wm. J 1869

Hobbs, Flora Campbell (Mrs.

W. J.) 1866

Hobbs. H. L 1878

Hobbs. Mrs. Mary E 1859

Hobart, Afr. and Mrs. A. S 1900

Holdsworth, .Mr. and Mrs. Wm...l858

Holds worth. Clementina 1858

Holdsworth, lohn D 1858

Holdsworth. Willard W 1872

Heimtorth, Mr. and Mrs. Fred 1850

Heimforth. William 1856

Heimforth, Philip 1869

Heimforth, George 1871

Holdsworth, Mary (Mrs. W. W.) 1897

Holdsworth, Dr. Frank 1875

Holdsworth. Agnes (Mrs. Frank) 1876

Holmes, Mr. and Mrs. John

Hogan, Mr. and Mrs. Edwin C

Hogan, Wm

Hohnenbery, Joseph 1868

Holley, M. B 1863

Hollister. M. D 1887

Hollister, Mrs. M. D 1880

Hoi)kins, Alonzo F 1863

Hopkins. S. E 1863

•Hopkins, Mrs. Mary 1875

Ho])kins, I-iobert 1855

Hoi)kins, Susan (Mrs. R.) 1855

Hopkins, William 1857

Hopkins, Jane A. (Mrs. Wm.) 1866

Ho])kins, John 1856

Hornsby. Lee 1883

Hornsby, Mrs. Lee .1891

Horton. Mr. and Mrs. John S 18()4

Horten. J illian M 1864

Horton. Warren E 1864

Horton, Mrs. Warren E 1871

Horton. C. E 1862

Howard, C. C 18(>4

Howard, C 1861

Hriward. Mary M 1861

Howard, A. F 1861

Howanl, H. D 1860

Howard, Orpha J 180l

Howard, Catherine 1861

Howell. Wm 1858

Howell, Henry 1858

Horen. Mike 1854

Holliday, Dr. G. A 1886

Holliday, J en i for F. (Mrs. G. A.')..186'>

Hollidav. Mrs. J. E 1887

Hooker. W^m. H \f'65

Hooker, Wm. 11 1866

Hooker. Myrtle 1876

Hoxie, Mr. and Mrs. Alonzo 1868

Hoxie, Mr. and Mrs. Leonard 1864

Hoxie, Charles A .'..... 1864

GRAND TRAVERSE REGION

Hoxie. John 1864

Hoxie. A. T 1864

Hoxie. Orrin 1867

Hoxie. D. F 1869

Hoxie. Mrs. D. F 1867

Huellmantel. Xicliolas J 1872

Huellniantel. Margaret 1872

Hiiellniantel. lulius M 1872

Hitellniantel. Theresa B 1863

Hiielhnaiitel. Alphonso 1872

Huglies. George 1856

Huhne, William 1861

Hunter, Chas 1893

Hunter. Lucy (Mrs. Chas.) 1893

Hunter. C. F 1893

Hunter. Gertrude T. (Mrs. C. F.)..1895

Hunur. Mrs. lulia S 1891

Hurlhert, Richard 1864

Hurlhert. Agnes 1864

Ingersoll. W'ni 1880

In^ersoll. Mrs. Wm 1882

Irish. Earl 1890

Irish. Adelia A 1874

Iri?h. Mrs. Albert 1890

Irish. Albert 1890

Tackson. Ancil H 1875

lackson. Mrs. Ancil H 1862

Taslin. L. G 1854

lennings. M. B 1866

Jennings. Mrs. Eliza J 1866

Jennings. Bart in 1873

Johnson. Capt. Frederick 1852

Tohnson. Mrs. Frederick 1856

Johnson. Mrs. Julia 1889

Johnson, lulius 1892

lohnson. W. W

lohnson. John A 1867

Tohnson, Mrs. H. H 1878

lohnson. H. H

Joint. C. L 1880

Tones, lohn 1872

Jones. E. S 1882

Tudson. Maud

Judson, E. B .7....

Kuemin. Mrs. Jennie

Kahrs. C. H 1852

Kahrs. Claus W 1860

Kahrs. Mrs. V. H 1902

Kahrs. J. H

Kahrs. lohn

Keel. John :. 1864

Kehoe. Mrs. Josephine

Kehoe. James 1892

Kcilsick. lames 1874

Kellogg. A. E 1899

Kellogg. Frank 1860

Kellev. lohn 1866

Kellev. Ruth B. (Mrs. John) 1867

Kenncy. Cora (Mrs. W. P.) 1866

Kenney, W. P 1867

Kenney, Lysander 1864

Kenney. Susan 1868

Kane. Robert W 1882

Kennedy. I. L 1889

Kersey. F. J 1881

Keyes. S. A 1868

Keyes. Mrs. S. A 1871

Kilbourne. George B 1882

Kilbourne. Hattie May 1892

King, Miss C

King. Mrs. Kittie C. Belle 1863

Kingsley. S. M 1866

Knaggs. Willis B 1868

Knaggs. Robert 1868

Knaggs. Ella Robert 1868

Knaggs, Mrs. Harriet Robert 1868

Kneeland. Dr. Charles J 1872

Kneeland. Mrs. Estella (C. J.) 1873

Knight. Agnes 1868

Koch. Lorenz 1870

Koch. Mrs. Barbara 1870

Koch. Mrs. Clara Emery 1894

Koch. Herman 1870

Kratochvil. Frank 1854

Kratochvil. Mrs. Anna 1854

Kratochvil, Wencle 1854

Kratochvil, Mr. and Mrs. Wm. E. 1902

Kratochvil, Enoch 1854

Kratochvil. John 1854

Kratochvil. Frank. Jr 1854

Krubner, Toseph 1855

Krubner. Mary 1855

Krussell. Oscar F 1875

Kuemin. Joseph C 1870

Kvselka. Alice

Kysclka. John 1856

Kyselka. Frances 1886

Kyselka. Prokop 1856

Kyselka. Harry B., M. D 1877

Kyselka. Otto

Kyselka. Lucv

Kyselka, Abbie

Lacore. Mr. and Mrs. Marion 186?

Lacore. Dr. J. 0 1870

Tacore. Mrs. Addie 1895

T.eFontsev. A. D 1881

T.add. Elisha P 1852

Ladd. Marv Wilmarth (Mrs.

E. P.) 1852

Ladd. Emmor 0 1853

Ladd. Agnes D 1884

Lamb. Mrs. Wm 1872

Lang. Mrs. Dolly (Wyncoop) 1901

Langworthy. H. A 1852

T.anpworthv. .Xnne 1866

Lardie. George W 1859

T.ardie. Mrs. George W

Lardie, Mr. and Mrs. George 1859

Lardie. Mr. and Mrs. Euseba 1872

Lardie. Arthur 1872

OLD SETTLERS

O P

THE

Lardie, Claj'ton 1884

Larkins. Mr. and Mrs. John M 1880

Lather. Mr. and Mrs. George 1891

Lothwell, Harry 1878

Lothvvcll. Mrs. Harry 1872

Lewis, Dr. Z

Lautiier, Mr. and Mrs. Ferdinand.. 1865

Lautner, Mr. and Mrs. John 1865

Lautiier, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph 1865

Lautner, Mr. and Mrs. Frank 1865

Lautner, Mr. and Mrs. Edward.... 1865
Lautner, Mr. and Mrs. Stephen.. ..1865
Lautner, Mr. and Mrs. .Antonia....l865
Lautner, Mr. and Mrs.

W'ensel, Sr 1865

Lautner, Wensel, Jr 1864

Lautner. Edward 1867

Lautner. Emil G 1878

Lawrence. Gcorjre H

Lawton, Frederick 1' 189<S

Lay, Tracy A 1851

Leach, Dr. M. L 1860

Leach, Mr. and Mrs. D. C 1865

Leavitt, Roswell 1875

Lee, Z. S 1869

Lederle. Nellie 1862

Leggett, H. P 1878

Leggett. .'\lma 1878

Lee, William H 1876

Lee, John A 1856

Lee, lames 1855

Lee. L. S 1869

Lemcool, H. J 1875

Lemon, Ella 1873

Lemon, James 1861

Lennox, James J 1861

Lenno.x, Ellen 1913

Lewis, Dr. Levi 1869

Lewis, R. K 1882

Lewis, Norman 1863

Lewis, Horatio B 1869

Liddy. Kathleen E. Vlack 1885

Litchticld, Lucius C 18()9

Litney. A 1868

Loucks, Mr. and Mrs. George 1857

Loucks, Bruce 1890

Loucks, Mrs. Bruce 1895

Loudon, William 187-:

Loudon, Mrs. Wm 1851

Lovedav. Douglas C 1883

Love, William 1886

Love, .\gnes (McDonald) 186/

Lutman, George D 1859

Lutman, Addie Brockway 1863

Lyon, Merritt L 1913

Lyon, William 1881

Lyon. .Mrs. .Myrtle E 1883

McColl, Mrs. Emm.i 1 1890

McColl, Angus 1889

McCormick. 1. M 1902

McDonald, Simon W 1862

McDonald, John 1852

McDonald. Mary McKeand

(Mrs. John) 1852

McEvan, Mrs. Martha A ,1889

McGarry, Stephen 1861

McGarry, Mrs. Bridget 1866

McGarry, Mr. and Mrs. Michael. 1866

M cGarry, Stephen ...1866

McGarry. Mrs. S I860

McGinnis. lane 1852

McGinnis, lack 1852

Mclntyre. M. H 1877

Mcintosh, Mr. and Mrs. John 1879

McKidnicr, Neil 1870

McMachen, William 1867

McMichael. Mr. and Mrs. S. H 188?

McManus. T. D 1866

McManus, Ray E 1884

McManus, Mrs. Harriet M 1895

McMuUen, Mr. and Mrs. D. H ..186'

McNamara. Edward 1881

McNultv, Stanley 1896

McNulty, Nellie Sheridan 1866

McLaughlin, James J 1851

McLaughlin, Marie A 1856

McRae. A. D 1858

McRae, Mrs. A. D... 1867

McWethv, George W 188?

McWethy, Hattie 1853

Maakestad, Rev. lolm Iohnson....l889

Maakestad, Caroline M" 1889

Maddison, E. V 1884

Manville, W. H 1882

Manville, Phehe 1882

Marshall, Mr. and Mrs. Wm. A 1864

Marshall, lohn D 1864

Marshall, Dellia Eiman 1878

Masters, Bertha Curtiss 1868

Mason, .Alexander 1859

Mason, Fred D 1863

Matheson, Peter 18()6

Matchett, Robert 1867

Matteson, Capt. Daniel 1864

Mattison. Mrs. Daniel 1862

Maynard. A. 1 1893

.Vlatzen, Mr. and Mrs. lohn P.. .1883
Markham. Mr. and Mrs. J as. W...1874

Martin, George F 185')

Martinek, Mr. and Mrs. I. N 1876

Martinek. Jas. S 1883

.Martinek, Frank 1871

.Marvin, William A 1887

.Marvin, .Martha M 188'

.Marvin, Fletcher D 188'

-Marvin, lulia 1887

.Matchett. Robert 1867

Meads, Mrs. Isabelle Guiiton 187J

Mears. William 186S

Mebert. William 18,=i4

Mebert. Mrs. William 185')

Mebert, Henry T 1855

Mebert, Dr. A. W 1873

Mebert, Roscoe M 18';')

Mebert, Estelka Helen 189/

Mebert, Mrs. Martha 18/4

Merrill, I. R 1858

Merrill. L. A 1844

Middle ton, Joshua 1856

GRAND TRAVERSE REGION

Middlcton. Harriet A 1856

Middlcton. Frank 185S

Middlcton. v. H 186.^

Miller. Lewis 1841

Miller. Katherine Kiley (Mrs.

Lewis) 184-1

Miller. E. E 1847

Miller. Mrs. Sarah 1

Miller. Archie A 1849

Miller, lanet R. (iMrs. Archie) 1878

Miller. W. B 1861

Miller. A. D 1878

Miller. H. E 1877

Miller. Mrs. H. E 1890

Miller. Hugh R 1856

Miller. Mrs. Mary 1893

Miller. Dorothea 1862

Miller. OrviUe G 1891

Miller. Marcia Pratt 1891

Miller. I. W 1847

Milliken. lames W 1868

Milliken. lallie T. (Mrs. 1. VV.)....

.Milliken. James T 1882

Milliken. Hildegarde (Mrs.

L T.)

Miller. A. F 1881

.Miller. Mrs. A. D 1880

Miller. Mr. and Mrs. Wm.

Marshall 1861

Miller. Chas 1863

Mills. J. G 1855

Mills. Mav G. (Mrs. ]. G.) 1855

Mills. Mrs. J. Cross 1875

Mills. C. E 1870

Mills. Fred E 1867

Milbert. Mr. and Mrs. J 1882

Minor, Dr. Ernest B 1889

Minor. Mrs. Minnie 1899

Miner. Clara A 1884

Mitchell. W. H. C 1866

Mitchell, Isabelle (Mrs. W.

H. C.) 1866

Mitchell. Cassius W 1868

Mitchell. William 1846

M itchell. George

Moblo. E. N 1866

Moblo. Delvina 1865

Moffatt. Orlanda 1837

Moffatt, Amelia 1837

Moffatt. Seth C 1866

Moffatt. Emma Linnell 1864

Moffatt. lohn Orlando 1868

Moffatt. Orlando C 1868

Moffatt. Mary Cameron 1870

Moir. George 1894

Moir, Mrs. George 1883

Moore. Mrs. Jas. A 1864

Monroe. Mr. and Mrs. Wm 1859

Monroe, Mrs. Pauline 1860

Monroe, lames H 1859

Monroe. DeEtta E 1860

.Monroe, C. W.... 1859

Monroe, Mary S 1864

Monroe, Marcus 1 1859

Monroe, Edward A '....187^

Monroe, Mrs. Linda 1875

Morgan, John C 1895

Morgan, Arvilla G. (Mrs. I. C.) ...1895

Morgan. Don S 1895

Morgan. Carrie Thomas (Don). ...1882

Morgan. I^irnev 1 1862

Morgan. .Mrs. B. J 1854

Morgan. Theron B 1882

Morgan. Marks D 1862

Morgan. Xorman C

Morgan. Abbia (Mrs. N. C.) 1858

Morrison. Mrs. Josephine (Gay).. 1847

Morrison. William 1868

Morrison, Robert 1867

Morrison, Elsie 1867

Morrison, Mr. and Mrs. Peter 1880

Morris. Louis 1892

Montague. Mr. and Mrs. Herbert.. 1867

Montague. J. A 1867

Montague. Ida A

Munson. Dr. ]. D 1885

Muncy. Levi 1839

Muncy. Caroline (Mrs. Levi) 1841

Murray, Bryan 1887

Murray, Mrs. Rose H 1871

Murray, Caroline 1872

Murray, Levi 1872

Myers, George A 189.-,

Myers, Joseph M 1871

Neason, Vincent 1864

Neason, Mrs. Henrietta 1864

Nelson. .WUs 1860

Nelson. William

Nerlinger. Amil F 1878

Nerlinger, Rozela 1883

Nemac, Rose Maria 1894

Nesitt, Geo. L 1892

Newton. Edgar A 1881

Newton. Maggie L 1881

Newton. Kathervn Germaine

Newton. W^illiam A 1881

Newcomb. Eddie

Newvillc, John A 1881

Newcomb. Elizabeth 1860

Newhouse, Benjamin F 1894

Newhouse, Mrs. .Sarah 1894

Nicholson, Mrs. Minnie Wait

Noble, H. H 1855

Noble, E. S 1865

Norris, John 1837

Norris, Mary E. (Wait) 1850

Noteware. J. H 1869

Noteware, Mrs. H 1852

Noteware. Geo. H 1913

Noteware. Mrs. Geo. H

Novotny. Albert 1878

Oberlin, Mr. and .Mrs. .\like^ 1880

Oberlin. loe 1883

Oberlin. Emma Snell 1881

Oberlin. Ida R 1879

O'l3onald. Barney 1860

Ostrander, Archie 1897

OLD S E 1' T L E k S

O F

THE

F^almer, A. E

Palmer. J. J 1863

Palmer. Sarah E 1864

Palmer. Hattie T 1865

Palmer. xMelville 1858

Parmenter, E. L 1865

Parmalee, George 1869

Parmalee, Airs. Huldah 1869

Patchin, John W 1891

Patchin. Ruth M. (xMrs. J. W.)....1891

Potter, Estella 1862

Patten, Geo. W 1879

Payne, R. W 1877

Payne, Dr. W. M 1890

Peck, E. J 1864

Peck, L. R 1884

Peck, Air. and Airs. A. W

i'eck, Mr. and Airs. A. T 1887

Perry, Henry 1856

Perry, Ella Wa^sworth 1854

Petertyl, Victor. Sr 1854

Petertyl, Victor 1864

Petertyl, Mrs. Victor 1885

Petertyl, Katherine (wife of

Victor, Sr.) 1844

Petertyl, A J 1868

Petertyl, Mrs. A. J 1872

Petertyl, Alinnie 1886

Petertyl, Lottie 1888

Pettitt. lames A 1867

Pickard, Bernie 1868

Phelps, Benjamin 1870

Phillips, Rosie G 1865

I'hillips, Ella Canfield 1865

Phillips, Mrs. lessie Gunton 1865

Pierce, Rosetta K 1873

Pierce, Carl M 1879

Pohoral, F 1861

Pohoral, Airs. Anna 1861

Pohoral. Joseph 1861

Pohoral, Anthony 1861

Pohoral, Mary A 1861

Porter, W. P 1854

Porter. Elizabeth 1848

Porter, W. H 1857

Porter, Mrs. A. A 1849

Porter, R. G 1858

Porter, A. E 1857

Porter, Mrs. Ella 1862

Porter. John N 1854

Potter, C. M 1862

Powers, Mrs. A. A 1849

Powers. Olive 1858

Powers. Wellington M 1892

Powers, Mrs. A. E 1883

Pratt, Mr. and Mrs. Jerome M 1849

i'ratt, W. R 1857

Pratt, Airs. W. R 1864

Pratt, E. S 1866

Pratt, Mrs. E. S 1861

Pratt. Fred H 1891

Pratt, Chas. R 1882

I'ray. Stephen 1866

Pray. Lavina 1866

Pray, George 1864

I'riest, .Andrew 1865

Price, John B 1867

Price, Thomas S 1867

Proutv. Hugh AI 1861

! Prouty, Martha 1880

Prouty. Airs. Lucv 1886

Prouty. Willard A 1861

Prouty. Rachael 1861

Pulcipher. John 1855

Pulver, Almon E 1865

Pulver, Airs. Kate 1863

Putman, J. D

Pliyl)us, Christopher 1860

RafT, George 1880

Raf¥, Airs. Sarah

Ramsdell. Mr. and Mrs. J. G 1860

Ransom, Fayette 1860

Ransom. Edna F 1866

Ransom, E. L 1867

Rennie, William 1851

Rennie, Airs. Margaret 1851

Rennie, John 1859

Rennie, Airs. John 1872

Revolt, Chas 1873

Revolt, Airs. Mary 1872

Rickard, Harrison 1862

Rickard. Alarv E 1859

Rickard. A. W 1868

Rickard, Alabelle A 1881

Rice, Mr. and Mrs. E 1861

Revolt, Fred 1872

Rice, S. A 1867

Rich, .Moses J 1888

Rich, Mrs. AI. J * 1876

Richardson, Samuel 1868

Reynolds. Richard 1862

Robertson, Air. and Mrs. J. W 1865

Robertson, George A 1865

Robertson, Mrs. G. A 1859

Roberts, Air. and Mrs. Loren 1871

Ross, Derics 1866

Ross, W. H 1868

Rose, H. 0 1853

Round, Mr. and Mrs. Richard 1882

Round, Lizzie AI 1876

Roush, Air. and Mrs. George 1869

Roush, May A 1859

Routsong, W. T 1875

Routsong, Louise Birmely 1867

Rowley. Dr. A. S 1886

Ruthardt, Louis 1868

Kuthardt. Kmline 1868

Rutherford, Henry 1852

Roush. David 1867

Sackett. Henry 1875

Salisbury, W^ E 1892

Sarasin, Wm 1867

Sarasin, Piazil 1863

Saunders, J. E 1866

Saunders, Hattie 1886

Saunders. Walingford 1866

Saunders. Hannah (Airs. W.) 1867

Sayler, Samuel H 1865

Scofield, D. B 1862

GRAND TRAVERSE

REGION

Scotield. Alma M 1856

Scoiield. O. E 1861

Scoficld. M. E „ 1870

Scofield, Emma 1867

Scofield. Mrs. V. N 1881

Scott. D. H 1870

Scott. Mrs. H. J 1877

Scott, Mr. and Mrs. W. H 1900

Scott. John 1857

Secore, Joseph 1864

Secore. Mr. and Mrs. Philip 1857

Secore, Ezan 1857

$elkirk, Mr. and Mrs. George 1870

Selkirk, Chas 1870

Seymour. Aleck 1868

Sliapton, R. S 1875

Shane, Mr. and Mrs. Thomas 1867

Shane, Mrs. James 1869

Shane, Winifred 1872

Shane. Lncy (Mrs. W.) 1884

Sheffer. Andrew F 1867

Sherman, J. J 1860

Sherman, Fanny H 1858

Sherman, Thomas H 1867

Sherman. Mrs. Thomas 1895

Sherman, Sophia 1857

Shilson, William 1856

Shilson. Jane Harris 1857

Shilson, Thomas Gilbert 1859

Sheridan, Mr. and Airs. Martin.... 1860

Sheppard, B3'ron S 1865

Sherwood, Charles G 1893

Sherwood, Emma A , 1893

Shugart, Thomas C .1883

Shugart, Catherine A 1883

Silver, Mrs. Richard B 1876

Silver, Mr. and Mrs. G. Lote 1876

Silver, Mr. and Mrs. Glen C 1876

Simpson, Katherine 1874

Simpson, Oscar '. 1868

Slaby, Robert O .' 1893

Slaby, Henry J 1893

Sladek, Frank 1889

Sladek, Mrs. Frank 1890

Smith, George F 1872

Smith, Mrs. Geo 1889

Smith, Mrs. G. N 1868

Smith. Mr. and Mrs. J. W 1874

Smith, Allen 1874

Smith, W^n. W 1860

Smith, A. M 1861

Smith. Ella Hatch 1866

Smith, WiUard A 1867

Smith. G. H 1862

Smith, I. P 1889

Sonle. Levi 1873

Sonic, Annie 1873

Souss, Lowell 1855

Souss, Emma (Mrs. Lowell) 1857

Sours. Mr. and Mrs. Joseph 1856

Spinniken, Henry 1861

Si)iiinikiii, Mrs. Louise 1868

Spinniken, Mat hew 1865

Spinniken, Wm. J 1865

Spinniken, Anna 1863

Sprague, E. L 1853

Stadelbauer, J acob 1866

Stebbins, Isador 1872

Sleder, loseph 1888

Sleder. Mrs. loseph 1888

St. Claire, B 1871

Steele, W. F 1860

Steele. Rev. S 1859

Steele. Mrs. A. R

Steinberg, Julius 1869

Steinberg, May Miriam 1875

Steinberg, J. H 1873

Steward, Mr. and Mrs. H. E 1861

Steward. Will 1861

Steward. Edson W 1860

Steward, G. W 1861

Steward, Mrs. G. W 1890

Stigne. G. L 1878

Stites. Empire 1862

Stites, Kossuth 1862

Stites, Benjamin 1863

Stites. Mrs. B 1884

Stites. Libbie A 1879

Stockman, M. J 1858

Stockman, Morris 1857

Storey, Nathaniel 1876

Storey, Laura ..1876

Stone, William R 1850

Stone. Mrs. W. R 1856

Stover, F. J 1883

Stover, Amanda J 1883

Swan. Peter 1867

Swan, Mrs. Emma ....1863

Swan son, Peter 1871

Swanton, Dr. L 1900

Sluyter, Wm 1866

Taylor. Joseph 1867

Taylor, Mary A 1867

Tavlor. Chas. E 1859

Taylor. Minnie B. P 1878

Taylor. Ernest J

Thacker. Henry 1861

Thacker, Rav 1875

Thacker. Mrs. Ray 1892

Thacker, Quincy 1862

Thacker, Mrs. Quincy 1877

Thacker, Mrs. Callie 1883

Tiiirll)v. Dr. Edwin L 1872

Thomas. Richard E 1858

Thomas, John H 1856

Tompkins, Wm 1855

Tompkins, May 1861

Thompson, Dr. I. A 1884

Thompson, Alma Despres 1872

Thurtell. Mr. and Mrs. Francis....l866

Thurtell. Hubert 1866

Titus. D. B 1885

Titus. Josephine 1885

Titus. "C. O

Titus. Leon F 1885

Titus, .-Mice Roberts 1873

Tompkins. Sally Monroe 1863

Tompkins, Lorenzo M 1863

Travis. Mr. and Mrs. John ....I860

Travis, Walter .". 1865

Travis. Mrs. Walter 1870

Trude. Wm. 1 1873

Trude. Frank 1872

OLD SETTLERS OF THE

Trueblood, Dr. May J 1902

Trueblood. Dr. John 0 1902

Umlor, Mr. and Mrs. T. J 1802

Umlor. William H 1873

L^pdike, Mrs. Helena 1865

Vader. Sarah (Mrs. C. S.) 1861

Vader. Calvin Shihley 1887

Vader. Charles S 1870

Vader. Mrs. Chas. S 1880

Vance, Mrs. Jennie 1873

Vanakin. W. W 1876

Vandam, John 1868

Vinton. Frank H 1871

Vinton, Emma 1864

Vinton, David J 1871

Vinton, Ruth 1871

Vlack, Joseph A 1883

Vlack, Marie 1885

Voice, George 1853

Voorhees, Mr. H 1876

Voorhees, Mrs. E. M 1876

Votruba, Frank 1871

Votruba, Amelia 1856

Wait. S. E 1850

Wait, Arthur W 1854

Wait, Mrs. Alice (A. W.) 1879

Wait, E. W 1873

Wait, Etta M. (E. W.) 1875

Wait, C. R 1877

Wait, Dudley M 1850

Wait, Francis M 1850

Walter, Robert E 1882

Warner, F. C 1870

Warner, Mrs. Alice 1889

Warner, Carson 1860

Warner, Mrs. Vera Steffens 1871

Weaver, George 1884

Weathers, Frank 1871

Webb, Chas. A 1890

Webster, Isaac S 1867

Webster, Martha I 1861

Webster, C. D 1847

Wells, Edward 1867

Wells, Caroline Birmley 1863

West, Mrs. T. U 1860

Weston, Eli Arthur I'HH)

Weston, Mrs. Stella 1900

Wheeler, L. S 1867

Wheeler, Rhodia W 1867

Wheat, W. H 1875

Wilbur, O. E 1856

Winnie, I. G 1858

Winnie, Mrs. I. G 1854

Winnie, |. N 1868

Winnie, Mrs. I. N 1869

Winnie. Malcolm 1855

Wheelock. Mr. and Mrs. C. W 1898

White. Mrs. Lievetta Gunton 1858

White. O. L 1854

White, Thomas J 187(»

White, Mrs. Vera Wynkoop 1901

White. Elmer E 1883

White, Mrs. Winifred Pratt 1874

White. John 1863

Whiting. Howard 1860

Whiting. Isabel Dunn (H.) 1860

Whitney. Evert 1882

Whitney. iMrs. E 1899

Whitney. Emmett 1882

Whipple. Dan 1853

Wightman. Willis 1864

Wightman. Mrs. Libbie 1870

Wilhelm. Antoine 1856

Wilhelm, E. P 1858

Wilhelm. Mrs. E. P 1867

Wilhelm, |ohn 1868

Wilhelm, Charles 1859

Wilhelm. Emmanuel E 1861

Wilhelm. Emma T 1866

Wilhelm. A. 1 1856

Wilhelm. Kate Smith (A. J.)

Wilhelm. Emmanuel 1870

Wilhelm. Dr. Julius 1872

Wilhelm. Mrs. J 1898

Wilhelm, Grace 1878

Wilhelm. Mrs. Jennie 1856

Wilcox. W. D 1869

Wilcox. W. S 1883

Williams. Simeon 1874

W^illiams. Richard. 1856

Williams. C. W 1836

Williams, (ames 1865

Williams. Daniel 1859

Williams, Elizabeth Whitney 1853

Williams, Mabel Bates 1868

Willis, Henry 1867

Wilson, William ^ 1862

Wilson, Mrs. Julia 1863

Willobee, Abel Vinton 1893

Willobee, George D 1866

W^iliobee, Florence 1890

Willobee, Mrs. A. V 1876

Winchcomb, E 1866

Wolfe, Mrs. Mary J 1849

Wood, Frank E 1868

Woolsey, Byron 1858

Worthington, M. A 1864

Worthington, Amelian L 1864

Woten. Eva E 1863

Wright, C. V 1891

Wright, Mr. and Mrs. D. E 1876

Wynkoop, Thomas 1864

Wynkoop. D. E 1864

Wynkoop. Mrs. Carrie 1867

Wvnkoop. Roy A 1901

Wynkoop. Ralph E 1901

N'oung. Mr. and Mrs. Andrew 1867

Young. Laura .....1847

Young. A. F 1847

Youker. David J 1871

Zimmerman. Joseph 1869

Zimmerman. Mr. and Mrs. John. 1869

Zoulek. Peter 1870

Zoulek. Antoine 1872

OFFICE

FIRST

NATIONAL

BANK

1885

Oldest Organized Rank in the Grand

Traverse Region

RESOURCES 1885
RESOURCES 1914 -
RESOURCES 1918

$ 80,000.00
1,250 000.00
1,800,000.00

First National
Bank

Traverse Ciiy, Michigan

OLDEST

ORGANIZED

NATIONAL BANK

NORTHERN

MICH.

NEW BANK BUILDING

THE PIONEER DRUG STORE

FIFTY-THRIiE YEARS AGO

Fifty-three years of success-
ful business sprang into exist-
ence December 20, 1865, when
Dr. B. D. Ashton and Albert
W. Bacon opened up a small
stock of groceries and drugs
under the firm name of

ASHTON & BACON
in a building which they had
erected for that purpose on
Front Street about ninety feet
west of Park Street. On May 1,
] 866, the stock, amounting to
$722, including furniture and
fixtures, was bought by

L. W. HUBBELL & CO.
of which L. W. Hubbell was the
active partner and manager and
Hannah, Lay & Co. special
partners. On the first of May,
1875, this firm closed up their
business by selling its stock of
groceries and provisions to
Hannah, Lay & Co. the drugs, medicines, paints, oils, fancy goods
and confectionery to S. E. WAIT

On April 1, 1879, L. M. Mills, who had been owner of a drug
store at Kalkaska, accepted a partnership with Mr. Wait, the firm to
be known as WAIT &- MILLS

This partnership continued until 1885, when the firm was dissolved
by mutual consent, Mr. Mills accepting a position of traveling
salesman with the firm of Shepard &: Hazeltine of Grand Rapids. In
the fall of 1889, feeling the need of more commodious and pleasant
quarters, the corner room of the new Masonic Block was leased
from the Masonic Association and the stock was moved there Janu-
ary 1, 18S)0. On April 1, 1901, Mr. Wait took iato partnership his
two sons, E. W. Wait and C. R. Wait under the name of
S. E. WAIT & SONS
This partnership continued until
1911 when C. R. Wait decided to
go into business in Detroit, and is
located there on the corner of
Grand River Avenue and High
Street. S. R. Wait and R. W.
Wait continued the business as
S. E, WAIT & SON
Our success is due to the libaral
patronage of the people of the
Grand Traverse Region, for which
we are truly grateful and promise ^"'"r'-m^'T}
them honest and faithful continued ^^^==~~--

service nt

WAIT'S nui c;

TODAY

J! rfy

r o u 1^

SERVICE OUR SPECIALTY

ESTABLISHED 1891

Ebner Brothers

Printers and
Bookbinders

Office Supplies

special Attention is Given to
MAIL AND PHONE ORDERS

Citizens Phone 96

148 State Street TRAVERSE CITY, iMICH.

AUTO TRUCKING

TWO LARGE TRUCKS

Furniture Moving a Specialty

Geo. W. Lardie & Son

Phone 97 Traverse City, Mich.

H. L. WEAVER

Funeral Director

MOTOR EQUIPMENT
MOTOR AMBULANCE

Day or Night Calls Promptly
Attended

310 S. Union St. Both Phones

Traverse City, Michigan

01ds(r»obile
Delco-Light Products

Goode's Garage

Cass and State Streets
Opposite Post Office Traverse City, Mich.

Goodyear Service Station
Gargoyle Mobiloils

Grand Traverse Russet Drinking Cider

HEALTHFUL, DELICIOUS,
YEAR AROUND BEVERAGE

MIKES ELL cSc COM PANY

Sole M.mufacturers
Traverse City,

Michiiran

The Globe Store Keeps Growing

In the confidence of every one who has occasion to visit it.
The mere telling of the size and variety of our stocks
wouldn't be nearly as interesting as a personal visit.

People from all over the Grand Traverse region
come here to look and to buy, and our printed announce-
ments are devoted to telling the news as it is found here,
and it's always fresh, bright and interesting as the store
and its contents.

The Principle upon which this Business Grows is
Value Giving. The best quality and the greatest quantity
for the lowest price, consistent with modern merchandis-
ing. Such has been our method of winning the con-
fidence of the public, and such will be our plan of holding
that confidence.

Five Active Departments — Dry Goods, Women's
Ready-to-Wear, Shoes, Clothing and Men's Furnishings.

Globe Department Store

A PIANO EXTRA

A New Sales Policy Eliminating Agents
and Big Selling Expenses, Allowing you
to Deal Direct through the "Club" Plan

This new "Club" plan is extremely simple. Many years it has
been our object to offer the highest quality pianos and player-
pianos at the lowest price obtainable, with a guarantee of complete
satisfaction. We can furnish on request hundreds of letters of
recommendation from satisfied customers throughout Grand Trav-
erse Region.

Through the "Club" you deal direct and save all middlemen's and
agents profits and expenses— no agent or salesman need influence
you. Be your own salesman— save $113 and $138 on fine pianos
and $188 and $204 on Player-pianos.

Simplified Easy Payment Through
Our Economical Selling Methods.
Write for "Club" catalogue, free for the asking.

SMITH & HURST

72 Monroe Ave. 239 E. Front St. 115 E. Main St.

Grand Rapids Traverse City Kalamazoo

IN THE I>AND OF FRUIT WFFH FLAVOR

The B. J. Morgan Orchards, Traverse City, Michigan

Queen City Flo^ver Shop

316-318 South Union Street
Traverse City, Mich.

ANDERSON'S

EVERYTHING IN THE WAY OF
CUT FLOWERS AND GROWING

PLANTS

Telephone 43, 2 Rings

JOSEPH ZIMMERMAN

13 e a 1 e r in
LIVE STOCK

Shipping of Cattle, Hogs, Sheep and
Chickens a Specialty.

TRAVERSE CITY, - MICHIGAN

Traverse City Gas Company
You conserve if you use Gas

CHAS. S. JOHNSON

Hardware

Stoves, Guns, Amunition and

Fishing Tackle

Paints, Oils and Brushes

225 E. Front St. Traverse City, Mich.

Agency for CHASE & SANBORN

Famous Teas and Coffees

Finest Grown.

All Kinds of Groceries suitable
for old settlers.

Corner Front and Cass Sts., Traverse City, Mich.

$5,000 Pipe Organ Perfect Ventilation

FEATURE PHOTO PLAYS

Lyric Theatre

Thursday and Friday

3 Acs VAUDEVILLE 3Acts

.Shows— 2:15, 3:45, 7:00, 9:00.
Admission 5, 10, 15, 20c. Change of Program Daily
FRANK ANDERSON, Mgr.

PRIVATE AMBULANCE

Calls Made Anywhere in the Grand
Traverse Region

Telephone No. 43, 2-R TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN

You can always save $$$ by buying

Shoes

Edward
Lautner's

Mayor, 'rravoiso City

119 Union St.

TRAVERSE CITY, MICH.

Citizens Phone 848 Bell Phone 178

Traverse City Steam
Laundry

GEO. F. ROWE, Proprietor

LAUNDRY AND
DRY CLEANING

515 S. Union TRAVERSE CITY, MICH.

Whiting Implement
Company

LARGEST RETAIL IMPLEMENT

STORE

State Street TRAVERSE CITY, MICH.

J. W. MILLIKEN, Inc.

TRAVERSE CITY'S REST STORE

Dry Goods, Ready-to-Wear, Millinery
Carpets, Wall Paper, Picture Framing

NOTICE

Two new features are to be introduced tliis spring.
The Ready-to-wear will be moved into an up-to-
date department on the first floor, and the place
now occupied by the Ready-to-wear made into a
Bargain Basement.

EVERYBODY WELCOME

Hamilton Clothing Co.

CARRY ALL KINDS
MEN'S AND BOYS' CLOTHING

Old settlers are always welcome. Come in

and talk over the early days in the Grand

Traverse Region.

Hamilton Clothing Co.

The Chamber of Commerce

I RA VERSE CITY, MICHIGAN

The real thing, wcrth while, the true jewel
on the diadem of life, is makiny: iliis old world a
better place to live in from our havmj^ lived in it,
making it a better place for our neighbor, our
our friends, ourselves, our posterity. The acts
that do this, the endeavor that lends to this end is
the true DOING.

This means organization and organization of
our power into work for our town through a strong
Central Civic Body, repiesenting the Community
Spirit of our Town. So we'll all pull together.

— Will 7 am iMcCoynb.

OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS

1918

H. A. Musselman - - President

L. C. Stocking - - Vice-President

W. J. Hobbs - - Secretary

E. P. Allen - - Treasurer

C. J. Ebner - Director Organization Affairs

C. F. Hunter - Director Industrial AlTairs

J. T. Milliken - Director Civic Affairs

L. K. Gibbs - - Director at Large

M. D. Bryant - Director at Large

For any particular information write the Secretary

CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
Traverse City, - - - Michigan

J. W. SLATER

Your Reliable Home Furnisher

Your patronage is always ap-
preciated by J. \V. Slater, the
Original Home Furnisher of
Northern Michigan.

Dealer

Everything

for

the

Home

P'urniture, Stoves, Dishes,

Carpets, Rugs, Lace Curtains,

Tinware, etc.

J. W. Slater

120 East Front St.

J. W. Slater's Store 22 years ago.

Present Store, liOOO Feet IHoor Space

COMPLIMENTS OF

National Grocer

Co.

TRAVERSE CITY,

MICHIGAN

Importers and Wholesale Grocers

Distributors of

NA GRO CO

LIGHTHOUSE

PATHFINDER and
RED CAP

Teas, Coffees, Spices and Food Products.

By insisting upon the above brands you are doing
yourself a favor and helping your city and community

Distributing Agenis for the celebrated

"Bevo"

The National Beverage.

National Grocer Co.

PIONEER RESIDENT OF THE GRAND TRAVERSE REGION

Notary Public Insurance, Loans

J. G. GETTY

REAL ESTATE

Expert in Fruit and Farm Locations. Twenty-five
years a tiller of Grand Traverse soil.

TRAVERSE CITY, - - MICHIGAN

Potato Implement Co.

MANUFACTURERS

Hand Potato and Corn Planters, Sprayers
and Compressed Air Sprayers.

TRAVERSE CITY, - - MICHIGAN

Dodge Brothers

COMMERCIAL CAR

Dodge Brothers lousiness Car comes
up to the most that the pubh'c has
learned to expect of Dodge Brothers.

It is a product of which they are
proud, and one it will pay everv
business man to investigate.

// ivill pay you to visit ii$ and examine this car.

The haula8:e cost is unusually low.

Business Car, Touring Car or Roadster %^Mh

Sedan or Coupe $1425

(All prices f. o. b. Detroit^

Fisk Auto Company

114 Park Street

Bell Phone 173, Citz. 52

Traverse City, Mich.

Traverse City Milling Co.

Manufacturers
of

Ideal Products

Once Tried, Always Used

Flour and Feed

Buyers of Grain, Beans, Hay and Straw. Farm
and Feed Seeds a Specialty. I'"eed Grinding and
Flour Exchange. Where the Farmer can Sell and
get the Most. Where the Consumer can Buy the
Cheapest and get the Best.

TRAVERSE CITY, - - MICHIGAN

■III? VI

■ MY TAILOR

TRAVERSE CITY, MICH.

VI VIU fall

■

Hoffmann & Earle Shoe Co.

Mayer Honorbilt Shoes
Fine Shoe Repairing

531 S. Union Street

Traverse City,

Michigan

PROGRESS LAUNDRY

QUALITY

Speaks for Itself

H. R. WALES, Proprietor

Citz. Phone IL'S

238 Park Street

SEND YOUR PHOTO FINISHING TO

Hopkins

215 E. Front St. Traverse City, Michigan

Films Developed 10c Per Roll

Prints 3c and 4c Each

Cameras and Photo Supplies of All Kinds

SAVE TICKETS for FREE ENLARGING

32 Years in Business

Always sold Good Clothes. We
have a large assortment of every-
thing that men and boys wear.
Call on us when you want a suit of
clothes. One of the old settlers.

A. J. WILHELM

Traverse City, - - Michigan

Grand Traverse Region
FAIR ASSOCIATION

TRAVERSE CITY
MICHIGAN

KOBKK I' BAKNI'.V
President

CHAS, B. OYK
Secretary

FAIR DATKS FOR 1918

September 23, 24, 25, 26, 27

^^^L^

Wencel Kratochvil was
one of the best known and
highly respecced pioneers of
Grand Traverse Region.

His father, Frank
Kratochvil, opened the first
meat market in Traverse
City, it stood where the
Masonic Block now stands.

WKNCHL KRAT()'HV;L

Joseph Sledcr &
Sons

Everything First C^lass
in Meats and Provisions.
All Kinds of Sausage.

547 Kast Ki.i^hlh Street

Traverse City, Michigan

JOSEPH SI.KDKK

Straub Bros. & Amiotte

Manufacturers
of

The - Famous - New - Confections

Orange Blossoms and Opera Sticks

MADE IN TRAVERSE CITY

/'mm

We Fill Orders Quickly

and deliver them promptly and
carefuU}-. And we give you
just what you order too — in
quality and quantity. We

keep a full line of fine staple
Groceries and guarantee them
to be good and pure. Our
Teas, Coffees, Sugar, Butter,
Cheese, Kggs, Lard and can-
ned fruits are all warranted to
be strictly of the best grades
though sold cheap.

Remember, we are headcjuarters for the celebrated Ko-We-Ba brand
of goods. Fancy in every respect and prepared with the greatest care
and cleanliness.

F. O. NICHOLSON

Citizens Phone 377

511 South Union St,

TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN

Traverse City Overland
Company

311-315 Stalest.

Both Phones 41

Bert Mullen

Heavy Draying of all kinds done on

short notice. Moving Pianos a Specialty.

Our Prices are right.

Traverse City,

Michigan

Citz Phone 385

539 E. Front Street

The Western Michigan Development Bureau
Organized Under the Laws of Michigan
NOT FOR PECUNIAKY PROFIT

REFERENCES: The State Public Domain and Immigration Commission, or
any bank or banker in Western Michigan.

The Bureau is maintained to boost Western Michigan and to give reliable in-
formation to all who ask about the opportunties that abound in this "Land
of F'ruit and Fortune."

Ask us about the quality of the soil and what it will grow at a profit.

We can tell you about fruit growing or general farming.

Write us about the good openings for Stock Raising or Dairying,

We have up-to-date information about what can be done with Alfalfa, Sweet
Clover. Soy Beans, Sudan (Jrass, Potatoes, Beans and the other fifty odd
crops produced in Michigan.

This great diversity of crops precludes the possibility of an entire crop failure —
our eggs are not all in one basket.

Write us for particulars about the large cut-over tracts open for colonization
which will yield the farmer who knows his business, as good returns as the
land in the corn belt, costing ten times as much.

Ask us about Hotels, Resorts and where good fishing and hunting can be had.

We can supply you with a West Michigan Pike Booklet and tell you all about
this and many other beautiful drives in Western Michigan.

We can tell vou about the inspection of nursery and live stock entering the state.

Write us about our cheap and abundant water power and the many opportuni-
ties we have for engaging in manufacturing or retail business.

In short we are prepared to tell you anything you want to know about Western
Michigan. The results and experience gained by our six years of successful
work at your service free of charge.

Western Michigan Development Bureau

TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN

It Is Our Policy

1. To take a personal interest in the financial wants and
welfare of our patrons — their growth is our gain.

2. To favor and assist our customers, large and small, in
every way consistent with sound banking.

3. To let the man of small and moderate affairs know that
we really appreciate his business and afford him the same
careful, courteous attention, the same facilities and the
same security as the man with the larger account.

4. To place but one consideration liigher than accommo-
dation and that is SAFETY, which must ALWAYS COME
FIRST.

5. To always bear in mind we are building a business not
for the present only, but for ten, thirty and fifty years to
to come.

We Invite You to bring us your checking account and
your savings account, as well as the accounts of any
members of your family.

Peoples Savings Bank

THE FIRST CIGAR STORE WAS STARTED BY

THE CAVIS CIGAR COMPANY

Service

We guarantee prompt and efficient service
in General Draying, Storage and Moving.
BAGGAGE

Orders Taken for Coal
Now

Columbia Transfer Co,

Citizens Phone 44

KELLOGG'

CASH SHOE STORE

r H E HOME

"THOSE BETTER SHOES"

We extend to you a cordial invitation to visit us in our
location— one door east of the Peoples Savings Ban

new
k.

Do You Want

Cut Flowers
Floral Arrangements
Bedding Geraniums
Vegetable Plants

We can Supply that need.

FRAN KM. PAINE

210 W. Eleventh St.

Phone 90 TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN

FRANK TRUDE
General Hardware

Guns, Ammunition

and

Fishing Tackle

Both Phones 10 Traverse City, Michigan

Rates $2.50. All Rooms with Hot and Cold

With Bath $3.00 Running Water and Phones

The V/hiting Hotel

J. p. OHERLIN, Prop.

TRAVERSE CITY, MICH.

Large Light Sample Rooms Onl}- Brick Hotel

Free to Guests in the City

For Fire Insurance

Ask Mr. Santo

State Bank Building

TRAVERSE CITY, MICH.

Wells - Higman
Company

Manufacturers of Stave, Splint
and Fruit Baskets

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West Michigan Garage

TRAVERSE CITY, - - MICHIGAN

STUDEBAKER

AND

CHEVROLET
AGENCY

General Garage Repair
Vulcanizing a Specialty

West Michigan Garage

TRAVERSE CITY, - - MICHIGAN

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E. B. Fick Louis Culman

The Basket Grocery

CASH AND CARRY
SERVE YOURSELF PLAN

Fancy Groceries, Fruits and Vegetables
Our Specialty

Highest Prices Paid for Butter and Eggs

223 East Front St. Traverse City, Michigan

Big
Fourth of July

PIC-NIC

At the Fair Grounds

Traverse City, July 4, 1918

Bensley's Steam Dye Works

119 Cass St.

Phone 335

TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN

Fashion Demands All Colors

It matters not whether milady's dress is
pink, blue, green, we clean everything.

With;17 years experience in the business, I am
in position to serve your interests to the best ad-
vantage. Our stock is complete and our work is
finished in a first class manner. If in need of a ceme-
tery memorial, I would appreciate a call from you.

A. W. RICKERD

Pioneer of Grand Traverse County.

BELL

The

BAKER

The Pioneer of Northern Michi-
gan. Kstablished 1877. '1 he
Best of Everything in the Bak-
ing Line at all times. The Old
Reliable

BELL, The Baker

209 Front Street
Traverse City, - Michigan

GEO. MOIR & SON

AUTO AND HORSE LIVERY

Opposite the City Market
Both Phones 168 Traverse City, Michigan

Here'e Quality
For You !

Stetson Hats, Styleplus Suits and Overcoats,
Interwoven Sox, Wilson Bros. Shirts, Barker
Collars, Duofold Health Underwear.

SHERMAN & HUNTER CO.

TRAVERSE CITY QUALITY MEN'S WEAR

DRINK
Wholesome, Healthful Beverages

MADE BY

The Queen City Bottling

Company

They Make Young Folks of
Old Settlers

Traverse City, - - Michigan

H. Brodhagen & Sons

TRAVERSE CITY,

Auto and Horse
Lnery

Agents for

Defiance Tires and
Tubes

MICHIGAN

Boyd's Official R. R. Taxi
and Transfer

SUDDEN SERVICE

Citizens 31 1

Residence R-1084

Bell 109

Reliability

— this if is that has g^iven this Piano such great popularity —
RELIABILITY that is built into it with every piece of ma-
terial, and through every process entering into its construction.

Grinnell Bros.

Own Make

Piano

It's highest grade from pedals to action,
sounding board, frame and case — and, "Sweet-
est Tone in the World" is the term music-
lovers apply to the tone of this superb
instrument.

WE BUII.I) THIS PIANO OUR-
SELVES, and that we own and operate three
factories gives some idea of the great number
sold. It is backed with as strong a guarantee
as was ever written.

Pianos, Player - Pianos,

Victrolas, Records,

Small Musical Instruments

Sheet Music, Cabinets,

Player Rolls, etc.

Grinnell Bros.

Manu fact urersjand ^Retailers

TRAVERSE CITY STORE

Cor. i'ront and Cass Streets

Grinnell Hros. (own make) Pianos are sold at Factory-to-you price

and on easy payments.

THE PIONEER STORE

853

65 YEARS OF PROGRESS
OF THE BIG STORE

918

As it was when it moved into its new home in 1883

Remodeled in 1905 and 1906 into the most modern and
best equipped Department Store, with the largest assort-
ment of merchandise to be found m Northern Michigan.

SAME POLICY FOR 65 YEARS

QUAI TFY

— SHRVICE

The Hannah & Lay Merc. Co.

TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN

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Fishing Tackle

MR. FISHERMAN:

We have a $1,000 stock of Fishing Tackle for you to select your
wants from.

Don't fail to see our complete line of genuine English Flies. All
sizes, makes and colors.

We also carry a large assortment of Rods (steel and bamboo,)
Baskets, Reels, Minnow Buckets, Leaders, Sneils, Landing Nets, Lines,
in fact everything a fisherman needs.

You will be surprised at the remarkably low prices on these goods,
due to the ordering of our immense stock.

Littlefield's Cigar Store

214 East Front Street TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN

Citizens Phone R-1133 Bell 1 hone 325

L. F. WYSONG & SONS

Cast Stone Manufacturers

LONG DISTANCE TRUCK SERVICE
A SPECIALTY

TRAl'ERSF. Cf'n\ - - MICHIGAN

ROBERT O. SLABliY HENRY J. SLAHV

Traverse City Wagon Works

Corner Union and State
Streets

Auto Bodies and Auto Trailers

Farm Wagons, Farm Trucks, Delivery Wagons,

Heavy Spring Wagons, Farm Sleighs,

Log Sleighs, Delivery Sleighs

HORSESHOEING and GENERAL REPAIRS

Traverse City, Michigan

ROBERT O. SLABY HENRY J. SLABY

Traverse City Wagon Works

GARAGE

Corner Union and
State Streets

GENERAL AUTOMOBILE REPAIRS

Auto Forging, Spring Work, Auto Body and
Wheels, Wood Working, Painting, Tire Vul-
canizing, Top Repairs and Upholstering.

TRAVERSE CITY, - - - MICHIGAN

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1 Jill

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K. L. SPKAtiUK
Founder Traverse Bay Ka^rle.

MORGAN BATES
First Editor (Jrantl Traverse Herald.

Sensible, Impartial, Independent

Traverse City
Record -Eagle

Traverse City l^iiblishing Co.
Pubs.

Northern Michigan's Greatest Daily

Covers iN(3rthern Michigan

By Mail $3.00 per year
By Carrier 10c per week

123 East Front St.
TRAVERSE CITY, MICH,

JULIUS STEINBERG

Came to Traverse City in 1868,
founder of the Steinberg Store
in 187H, sold out to Steinberg
Bros in 1903. Succeeded by
J. H. Steinberg in 1915.

The old reliable trading place.
The store that always makes
good. The store that gives
you rebate coupons and saves
you half on many purchases.

J. H. Steinberg

FRANK SLADEK

PIONEER TAILOR

531 Randolph St.

TRAVERSE CITY,

MICHIGAN

PARK PLACE HOTEL

The Leadins: Hotel of the Grand
TraveI■^le Rejrion.

All Modern Conveniences. American Plan.

W. O. HOLDEN, Mgr.

E. E. MILLER & SON

EXCLUSIVE DRUGGISTS

Traverse City,

Michigan

Finest Drug Store in Northern
Michigan.

7:s?=-T-^rT-c^BBstS:

SAMUEL

W. S.

ANDERSON UNDERTAKING CO.

Established in 1866
52 years, Three Generations

318 South Union Street Traverse City, Michigan

Both

Telephones

Always
Open

RALPH ANDERSON, Proprietor

It pays to

trade here and

people have

found it out.

MERIT

WINS

A. V. FRIEDRICH

Northern Michigan's Greatest and
Up-to-date Shoe House

36 Years of Successful

SHOE DEALING

We have kept the

quality

because

the

quaUty has

kept

up.

TRAVERSE CITY,

MICHIGAN

BARNUM & EARL

Reliable Jewelers
and Optometrists

FVFRYTHING FIRST CLASS
AND GUARANTEED

156 Front Street Traverse City, Michigan

Sam's European Hotel
and Restaurant

Special atttention given to
strangers and visitors in the
Queen City of the North.
Everything up-to-date and
first class. One of our
hobbies is Serving Fish
Banquets.

CLAIR BUCKNER, Prop.
252 E. Front St. Traverse City, Mich.

(Jlltc ITicistings ^Insurance ^jjcncy

'INSURANCE SERJ'ICE"

306 State Bank Bldg. Phone 346

TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN

1878 1918

J. N. Martinek & Son

DIAMONDS

The Old ReHable Jewelers

217 E. Front St. TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN

LBJa19

Certainteed
Asphalt
Shingles

Brown Lumber
Company

Cornell Wood Board

yjN ^?^^^^

^x>rd

When OLD SETTLERS look back to the time when
there were no FORD CARS and FORD SERVICE was

unknown, they cannot help but congratulate "young settlers"
upon the distinct advantage modern times possess over the
"good old days."

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We are Authorized Ford

Agents

New Cars, Firestone Tires, Genuine Ford
Parts, Full Line of Automobile Accessor-
ies, Gasoline, Famous White Star Oil.
Repairs, Vulcanizing. Most Efficient
Garage Service.

■iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiititiiiiiiiii

I Grand Traverse Auto |

Company

I TRAVERSE CITY, - - MICHIGAN |

jjii iiii

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Full text of "Old settlers; a historical and chronological record, together with personal experiences and reminiscences of members of the Old settlers of the Grand Traverse region .."

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