Skip to main content

Full text of "Orationes 16, with analysis, notes, appendices, & indices"

See other formats 


| ZO06vvcl0 19L) 


NOAA ut 


OLNOHWOL 40 1aAINT) 





ul 


t 


Digitized by the Internet Archive 
in 2008 with funding from 
Microsoft Corporation 


https://archive.org/details/orationes 16witha0Olysiuoft 


yeas 
| ' Aw ta 





LYST 


ORATIONES AVL. 


WITH 


ANALYSIS, NOTES, APPENDICES, & INDICES 


BY 


EVELYN 8. SHUCKBURGH, M.A. 


ASSISTANT MASTER AT ETON ; 
LATE FELLOW AND ASSISTANT TUTOR OF EMMANUEL 
COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE 


COCKBURN 


London 
MACMILLAN AND CO. 
1882 


viv, & Kadd\cbrns Oi-yarep, rodurybpe Ppévri, 
beiters ef ts Gpoveis xai Tt wépeocov Exes. 
TQ yap és Go cxFjua peOappocbevr: Kai Gdroxs 
év xécuoct Biov copa AaSbv0" Erepov 
det o” dperijs kipuxa Texeiy twa Avoig dyvor, 
Sivr: kata POywévww cal crépos afdvaror, 
és rh 7 ents Yuxis Seitac Gidérarpory Grace 
Kai Thy TOU POiuevou aor Bporots aperyp. 
Paruiscts, in Vit. x. Or. 


Est Atticus, quoniam certe Athenis est et natus et mortuus 
et functus omni civium munere. 
CicERo, Brutus, 16. 


PREFACE 


- Tis Edition of Sixteen of the Extant Speeches 


of Lysias is an attempt to restore to the list of 
Greek prose writers read in schools and colleges 
an author who has fallen into pretty general, 
and I think undeserved, neglect. For this 
neglect it is difficult to give satisfactory reasons. 
He writes excellent Greek; he is not hard; he 
is not (unless I am blinded by partiality for a 
companion of so many months) dull He sup- 
plies us with many illustrations of Athenian 
life and manners, much information concerning 
Athenian law and Hellenic politics and history. 
In making my selection I have been influenced 
by considerations of space. I have wished, how- 
ever, to give all that was really valuable; and 
I have therefore rejected those Speeches the 
genuineness of which has been seriously doubted 
(except in the case of the Speech ‘for the 
Soldier’); those, again, which were repetitions 
or epitomes of other speeches; and finally, I 
have chosen one out of two or more which 


viii PREFACE. 


referred to the same or similar subjects. The — 
result thus obtained has left, I hope, enough to 
enable any student to obtain a thorough ac- 
quaintance with our author; though I much 
regret that various considerations seemed to 
make it necessary to omit the tmép "Epatocé- - 
vous. In every case the entire speech, so far as 
we possess it, 1s given. 

An Editor of a classical author has two 
points to deal with,—Text and Exposition. 

The text of Lysias rests mainly on one MS., 
Text. preserved at Heidelberg, which is © 
neither early nor good. It has, however, em- 
ployed the acumen of a long list of scholars. Of 
the older I may mention Canter, Markland, 
J. Tailor, Reiske, Dobree: and of more recent, 
Baiter and Sauppe in the ‘Oratores Attici’ ; 
C. Scheiber in the Taubner Series, from which 
this is printed; and C. G. Covet, whose edition 
I have not seen, but whose emendations, both 
in the Tractate of 1847 and the Variw Lectiones 
of 1873, I have carefully studied. Madvig, in 
the Adversaria Critica of 1871, has also pro- 
pounded a few emendations. With the labours 
of such a company before him a modern editor 
has little to do but to pick and choose when 
there is diversity, sheltering himself from the 


PREFACE. ix 


discredit of differmg from one under the Atgis of 
another; generally, however, being careful to 
differ from Reiske, and never but with the 
utmost diffidence from Cobet. In a few places 
in the multitude of counsellors I have ventured 
to take a line of my own; but cases of great 
doubt are not unusually frequent, and on the 
whole the text may be said to be, considering 
the weakness of its MS. authority, in a fairly 
satisfactory condition. 

Of commentaries upon Lysias there is no 
great abundance. No edition that I Exposition. 
am aware of has appeared in England since the 
Varwrum of 1828, which contains the Latin 
notes of Tailor, Markland, Reiske, and others, 
the life by Tailor, and his JLectiones, and the 
Adversaria of Dobree. I have also used Dr. R. 
Rauchenstein’s Selections, Leipzig, 1848, and 
J. H. Bremi’s, Gotha, 1826. There is an English 
translation of some of the speeches by Dr. J. 
Gillies, London, 1778, which I have occasionally 
looked at; and a Selection of Four Speeches, 
with English notes, by Dr. J. M. Whiton of 
Boston, U.S.A., 1875. But practically the Com- 
mentary for good or ill is my own, and has all 
the advantages and disadvantages of being the 
first of its kind. 


x PREFACE. 


I must, however, acknowledge, as every English 
student of the Attic Orators must do, great 
and perpetual obligations to Professor Jebb. In 
a subject which he has treated with his usual 
brilliancy and thoroughness, any subsequent 
worker must continually refer to his authority. 
I have had constantly before me his Aftic 
Orators, 1876, and have occasionally also con- 
sulted his notes in the selections from the 
Orators, 1880. The AZtic Orators is an indispens- 
able aid to an English student. I have also used 
constantly Mitchell’s edition of Reiske’s Indices 
Grecitatis in singulos Oratores Atticos; and I 
would recommend to every student Mr. Hicks’ 
recently published Manual of Greek Inscriptions 
as throwing much light on the history of the 
period. Such a work is a real boon to many 
to whom the Corpus IJnseriptionum of Bockh is 
unattainable or unusable. 

Finally, I have to thank Mr. H. Broadbent, 
Fellow of Exeter College, Oxford, and Assistant 
Master at Eton, for much kind and valuable 
help in the correction of the proofs. 

My object in the Commentary has been to 
bring before the student, as far as possible, the 
circumstances, social and historical, in which 
the Speeches were delivered; and at the same 


PREFACE. xi 


time to direct his attention to an accurate study 
of the language. The Indices are arranged with 
the view to enable a student to find readily 
whatever information is to be found in the Notes 
on points of historical or grammatical criticism. 
The event which overshadowed or influenced the 
whole time of Lysias’ active life in Athens during 
his second sojourn there was the eight months’ 
Tyranny of the Thirty. I have therefore given 
a somewhat detailed account of it, drawn almost 
entirely from Xenophon and Lysias, in the 
Appendix. 





CONTENTS. 


INTRODUCTION 


imép KadXiou 

wept Tov onKou 

brep Tou orparusrou 
xara Qeourjcrov . 
xara ’Eparocbévous 
xara’ A-yopdrou 
kara ’AdxiBiddou A. 
brép Mavridéov 


diadicacla (rept Syuoclwy 
adtxnearwv) . 


brép ray aeauiotsi xpn- 
parwy 5 


Kara Tay otroToAwy 


Kara Iayxdéwvos 


brep rou dduydrov 
xara ’Epyoxdéous . 
kara Nexoudyou . 
kara Atoyelrovos . 


Nortes 


APPENDICES 
INDICES 


DATE. 


. uncertain 
. after Bc. 395 
. uncertain . 


B.C. 384-3 


- BO. 403 

. B.c. 400-398 

. after B.c. 495 

. between B.c. 394-389 


. not before B.c. 398-7 


. after B.c. 388-7 


. uncertain, prob. after 


B.c. 386 


. uncertain, prob. before 


B.C. 387 


. uncertain . 
. BO. 889 . 
. B.C, 399-8 

. BC. 400-399 


108 


121 
140 


148 


153 
162 
168 
180 


193 
355 
371 


ERRATA. 


Page vili, tenth line from bottom, for ‘Scheiber . . . Taubner’ 


?? 


lege ‘Scheibe . . . Teubner.’ 
xxvii, eighth line from top, for ‘a talent’ lege ‘two talents.’ 
next line, for ‘Hermas’ lege ‘ Hermon.’ 
11, 1. 192, for dareréd\unoe lege amrero\unoe. 
17, Engl. Analysis, last line, dele ‘for ‘‘ confiscation.” ’ 
24, 1. 39, for éay lege éav. 
26, 1. 2, after ‘shield’ lege ‘ or killing one’s father.’ 
28, 1. 172, for rpoonxovra lege mpoojxovTa. 
82, 1. 34, for xphvar lege xpivat. 
50, 1. 507, for dixacOai lege dixacral. 
72, last line but three, for ‘ Agoratus’ lege ‘ Dionysodorus.’ 
89, 1. 638, for airy lege aire. 
90, 1. 659, for marépa lege warépa. 
99, footnote, last line but one, for ‘nota’ lege ‘non.’ 
102, 1. 214, for ety lege etn. 
126, 1. 121, add footnote, ‘ Acovustov Sauppe. legebatur kat 
Avotov.’ 
155, 1. 44, for rf lege rp. 
192, 1. 11, for 1870 lege 1880. 
198, 1. 13, for ‘Saniades’ lege ‘ Suniades.’ 
219, note 119, add reference, ‘vii. 1. 45.’ 
222, note 36, for diaryrny lege Svarrnray. 
238, note 234-5, dele ‘ Plur. for sing.’ 
254, note 33, last line but one, for ‘Adeomantus’ lege 
‘ Adeimantus.’ 
282, note 247, for ra retxn lege pds Ta 7. 
292, note 170, for 7a médews lege Ta Tis worews. 
299, 1. 13, for ‘sister-in-law’ lege ‘sister.’ 
312, note 366, for raparabécOa lege rapaxarabécbat. 
317, note 36-8, for d-yopévomor lege ayopdvopot. 
319, eighth line from bottom, for ‘member’ lege ‘members.’ 
324, note 98, for ‘demur’ lege ‘ demurrer.’ 
332, note 6, for dredelav lege arédecav. 
335, note 88, for 7yupoddyec lege jpyupordyet. 
346, 1. 3, for ‘Dionysius Halicarnassus’ lege ‘ Dionysius 
of Halicarnassus.’ 
381, for rapadpuxtopevec bau lege mapadpuxtwpevec bat. 


7 








INTRODUCTION. 


§ 1.—Lire or Lystas* 


Ir seems to have beem one of Pericles’ ideas, as a 
means of realising his great conception of Athens as 
a centre and capital of Hellas, to attract to her men 
of wealth. and character wherever he found them 
“Men, not walls or ships of war, make a aty,”? was 

a principle on which he knew how to act. The high 


reputation which he enjoyed made it possible for him 
to do much to accomplish his object. Among those 
whom he induced to remove to Athens was a certain 


Cephalus of Syracuse. He was a man of great 


© Por the facts of the life of Lysias, texides his ourm story im 
the cua” Uparastérers, wx are tmdehiod (1) tw» Dionysius of Hali- 
cormassus ( what the time of the Choristian Era); (2) to the author 
of the Lives of the Tem Orstors, attributed profably falsely ta 
Plutarch. ( Eitit. by A. Westermann, 1333.) The work of the 
Jormer is rather a Gissertation om his style tham «a biagraghy, @ 
Jens Times only Geimg dernted to the outtime of hia: Tife. The latter 
is somenhat fuller imo biegrephieal sense Am epitome af these 
Vines ig found im Suwidas (11th emt. £D.), amd a dissertation om. 
Wiis style in Photius (9th cent. &D.) There is oe graphie descrigp- 
fem of ome ineidemt im lis life im his om speach ageimst Erato 
themes (Orat. 1. af this edition), amd a sete af Inés father in 
Plata’s Republic, and criticisms om his imtelactwal powitiom im the 
Phaedrus, There is «@ Latin Vift of him ale by tha English 
_ sholar, Jehm Tiler. 2 Thucyd. &, 77, 7. 


Xviii INTRODUCTION. 


wealth,? obtained very likely by the manufacture of 
arms, which in itself would be likely to be useful at 
Athens. He lived as a metic in the Peireeus, and 
appears to have attained a great age, and to have 
been remarkable for the grace with which he bore his 
years. A pleasant picture of family life is given in 
the opening scene of Plato’s Republic, with the central 
ficure of the old Cephalus sitting with his sacrificial 
wreath on his head, having just conducted or been 
present at a sacrifice in the adA7j of his son Pole- 
marchus’ house at the Bendideia or festival of Bendis.® 
It was a holiday in Peirzeus, and his two other sons, 
Lysias and Euthydemus, were there to keep it with 
their aged father, and other guests from the Asty 
besides. Socrates was struck with the venerable 
appearance, the cheerfulness, and intellectual activity 
of Cephalus, and his expressions of surprise and 
admiration form the prelude to the Dialogue. We 
may gladly believe that the picture drawn by Plato 
is not wholly imaginary.® 

Cephalus appears to have survived to about B.C. 
443. Some fifteen years probably after his arrival 
in Athens, his son Lysias was born, in the year of 
Philocles (458-7 B.c).”7 His father’s wealth made it 
natural for the boy to mix with the sons of the 
leading men of the city, and accordingly he attended 
the best schools in Athens till he was about fifteen 


3 rovrw duapépovra, X Or. ha 7d Torri ovolav KexrjcOa, 
Plat. Rep. 330. 

4 Another account stated that he was banished from Syracuse 
oc» the usurpation of Gelo. But this (B.C. 491-478) is too early. 
From v. 1. 28 we learn that he lived thirty years at Athens ; he 
must therefore have come about B.C. 473. 

5 4 Thracian goddess identified with Artemis. Hence the sacred 
enclosure round the temple of Artemis in Munychia was called 
the Bendideion. 

6 Plato, Repub. 7. 328. * X O74 820-C. 


INTRODUCTION. xix 


years old (B.c. 444-3). His father being now dead, 
and he being no doubt under the guardianship of 
his elder brother, Polemarchus,® the latter seems to 
have been induced to join a party of colonists who 
were going out, with great expectations of land and 
wealth, to settle in the territory of Sybaris, and to 
found a new town on its ruins, to be called Thuri. 
To Italy, therefore, Lysias accompanied his brother, 
but seems at first to have devoted himself to the 
completion of his education under the Syracusan 
sophists, Tisias and Nicias.® 

When this was done he obtained a house and an 
allotment of land at Thurii, and there the next thirty 
years of his life were spent. Of his life there we 
know nothing, but we may gather that he took an 
active part in the politics of the new colony,!® which 
presents an interesting picture of the vicissitudes of 
an Hellenic settlement. 

Sybaris, a town of which the wealth and luxury 
have passed into a proverb, was destroyed by the Cro- 
tonians in B.c. 510. Some fifty-seven years later (B.C. 
452) an attempt was made to restore it, which was frus- 
trated by the interference of Croton.11 The inhabit- 
ants appealed to various Hellenic States for aid. The 
prime mover in answering the application was Pericles, 
who persuaded many able men, among them the 


® In vit. X Or. his younger brothers are called Eudidus 
and Brachyllus. The former should be changed to Euthydemus. 
See Plat, Rep. l. ec. 

9X Or., 321 D. The name Nicias is not known, and has 
been supposed to have crept into the text as a corruption of Tisias. 
But if the plural rots Zvpaxocions is genuine, some other name 
must be substituted. 

10 Dr. Thompson’s Introduction to the Phxdrus, p. xxviii. 

Ul The inhabitants removed to Laus and Scidrus, and there 
remained. It was their children and grandchildren that 
attempted the Restoration.—Her. vi. 21. 


<x INTRODUCTION. 


historian Herodotus, to take part in the colony. The 
Athenian contingent was led by Lampon, and started 
in ten ships. Notice at the same time was sent to 
various cities of the Peloponnesus. An oracle of 
Apollo was obtained, ordering them to found a city 
where they should ‘‘drink water from a measure and 
eat barley-cake without measure ;” and the Pelopon- 
nesians having met the Athenians at Sybaris, they 
made a joint search for the place. They supposed 
themselves to have found it near a fountain, Thyria, 
which had a metal pipe which the country folk called 
a medimnus.!® Here, accordingly, in conjunction 
with the Sybarites, they commenced building their 
city. In was laid out in a peculiarly regular manner, 
with four broad streets running parallel to each other, 
crossed by three diagonal streets. There seem to 
have been difficulties from the first. To begin with, 
the Sybarites claimed annoying privileges over the 
new-comers. They claimed the chief offices; pre- 
cedence for their women in religious ceremonies ; 
and the possession of land allotments nearest the 
town. This led to bloody intestine quarrels, which 
ended, if we may trust Diodorus, in the almost entire 
extermination of the old Sybarite people, and the 
consequent enrolment of fresh colonists from all parts 
ot Hellas, who were to be on an equal footing with 
the older settlers. The colony rose in wealth with 


12 B.C. £43 in the spring. See Rawlinson’s Herod., vol. 7. p. 
19, note. Diodorus (xii. 9) makes it occur in B.C. 446. 

13 Diodor. wit. 9. These consultations and interpretations of 
oracles are doubtless due to Lampon, who was a mantis ; see 
Plut. Per. 6: and Arist. Av. 621, where the Scholiast explains 
that he was xpnopddoyos kai wdvtis. An anecdote, which seems to 
show that Pericles had no high opinion of him, is quoted in 
Aristot. Rhet. 8, 18. Diodorus mentions Lampon and Xenocritus 
as joint founders. 


INTRODUCTION. xxi 


astonishing rapidity, made terms with Croton,—the 
old enemy of Sybaris,—and established a democratical 
form of government after the model, it is said, of 
Charondas of Catana, whom Diodorus wrongly as- 
sumes to. have personally superintended the business, 
but who appears to have lived at least 160 years 
earlier. But the seeds of discord were even then 
germinating, and the new settlers soon quarrelled 
with each other, as bitterly as they had done with 
the original Sybarites. Part of the constitutional 
arrangements had been the division of the citizens 
into ten tribes, not according to their place of re- 
sidence, but to their nations. Thus three were made 
up of all those who came from the Peloponnesus ; 
three of the more northern Dorian States, as their 
names imply, Beotia, Amphictuon, Doris. The other 
four were Ionic—Jas, Athenais, Eubois, Nesiotis. 
The names sufficiently indicate that the old distinc- 
tion of Ionian and Dorian, such a fruitful source of 
discord in Hellas, was maintained in the colony. 
With this distinction came also the rival theories 
of government, the oligarchic and the democratic. 
This opposition was brought into prominence some 
thirty years later by the presence of an Athenian 
fleet blockading the harbour of the Dorian Syracuse, 
and the subsequent arrival of a squadron of relief 
from Sparta. 

So long as the contest at Syracuse was undecided, 
the political state of Thurii remained outwardly 
unchanged, the favourers of democracy being as yet 
able to retain their position. But that the other 


14 Bentley (Phalaris, 364-5) shows that the Thurian constitution 
was founded on the laws, not of Charondas, but probably of 
Zaleucus. See also Rawlinson, Her. i. p. 19, note. 

15 Diod. xii. 19. Ravwlinson’s Herod. vol. i. p. 19, note. 


xxii INTRODUCTION. 


party was possessed of considerable influence was 
shown by the fact that it was at Thurii that Alci- 
biades, and those recalled to Athens with him, man- 
aged to effect their escape, no doubt by the connivance 
of the anti-Attic party ; Alcibiades himself lying in 
concealment there for a short time before crossing to 
the Peloponnesus,'® 

The Oligarchic party, however, were for a time 
worsted, and in B.C. 413 banished. Demosthenes, 
when bringing over the second fleet, found on his 
arrival in Italy that this coup d’état had just been 
completed, and was able to use Thurii as a base of 
operations while negotiating with the other Italian 
towns,!’ and obtained from it a contingent of 700 
hoplites and 300 javelin men.8 Finally, Dionysius 
says that, the failure of the Athenian expedition to 
Syracuse becoming undoubted, the Oligarchic party 
returned. There was a revolution, and the leaders 
of the Democratic party were in their turn banished. 
Among these was Lysias, who thereupon returned to 
Athens, where, with a short interruption, he remained 
for the rest of his life.!® 

He arrived in Athens in the year of Callias (B.c. 
412-11); he had left it in the year of Praxiteles 
(B.c. 444-3). The thirty-two years of his absence 
had been momentous ones in the fortunes of Athens. 
He had left the city in the height of her power. 
Signs of discontent at her supremacy had indeed not 
been wanting. Beeotia had thrown off the yoke 
(p.c. 447). The Spartans had invaded the Attic 

16 Thucyd. vi. 61, 6-7. 

WV Thucyd. vit. 33, 4-5, kal karadapBdvover veworl ordce Tovs 
Tov ’AOnvaluv évavrious éxmemrwxbras. Demosthenes had pro- 
bably heard of the state of things, for he made almost direct for 


Thurit. 18 Thucyd. vii. 35. 
19 Dionys. Vit. Lys., cp. X Or. ‘ Lysias.’ 


INTRODUCTION. xxili 


soil; and Samos had revolted (B.c. 445). But the 
former danger had been averted by the diplomacy of 
Pericles, and the rebellious Samians had been reduced 
by his promptitude: Athens was still the leading 
state in Hellas. But in the interval of his absence 
the Peloponnesian war had dragged its slow length 
along ; and though there had been reverses on both 
sides, it was now growing evident that Athens must 
fall. Her territory had been repeatedly ravaged; war, 
plague, and revolting subjects, had thinned the number 
of her citizens and drained her exchequer. For many 
miles round the city the traces of the war must have 
been miserably apparent in ruined homesteads, vine- 
yards and olive groves burnt or cut down. The soil 
was bare and hardened by the constant tramp of 
cavalry ; the farms and olive presses were deserted — 
and ruinous.” The enemy were in constant occupa- 
tion of Decelea. 

Inside the city, however, there were no signs of 
decay ; the docks and fortifications of the Peirzus 
were intact ; the long walls and the city walls still 
seemed to promise safety and perpetuity to the State. 
The harbour was thronged with corn ships; the 
theatre was crowded at the great festivals; the law 
courts were busy; the supreme ecclesia, however 
negligently attended on ordinary occasions, was 
thronged with excited citizens when any grave matter 
was pending, and still passed haughty and imperious 
decrees. There had been, too, in these thirty-two 
years, an extraordinary outburst of literary activity. 
In them the masterpieces of Herodotus and of 
Sophocles, Euripides, and Aristophanes, had been 
produced, and many other works which are now lost 


20 See Lysias, Orat. ii. [7] 2 7-8. 


Xxiv INTRODUCTION. 


to us. Some of the most famous sophists of the 
day had visited Athens and gathered round them an 
eager crowd of listeners, Socrates, amidst fame and 
obloquy, had been stimulating the youth of the city 
by an influence which, if not literary, was the cause of 
literature; and the young Plato, in his eighteenth year 
when Lysias returned, was’ learning from the lips of 
his master lessons which his transcendent powers 
were destined to mould into world-wide influences. 
We cannot doubt that Lysias, though absent from 
Athens, had shared to the full in the intellectual 
feast which she had been preparing for the world ; 
and that he must have looked upon a return to her 
as to the metropolis of literature and philosophy,” 
—glad to escape from the vexations of provincial 
politics and the narrowness of provincial life. 
Politics at Athens, however, were as unsettled as 
those he left at Thuriij When he arrived the Four 
Hundred were enjoying their brief supremacy. But 
there does not seem to have been any danger to a 
metic, who had no share in politics, and who did not 
even reside in the Asty. His elder brother, Pole- 
marchus, either accompanied him, or more probably 
had preceded him in his return. The two brothers 
resided in the Peireus, and conducted together a 
manufactory of armour, and appear to have been 
possessed of considerable wealth. The circumstances 
of the time would be likely to make their business a 
profitable one, and the public events of their seven 
years’ residence there do not seem to have interfered 
with their quiet prosperity. The Spartans might be 


21 §0 Pericles calls Athens rijs ‘EX\d5os raldevors, Thucyd. 2, 
4i, 1: and Isocrates says of her that 7d Trav ‘EXjvev broua 
memolnke unkért TOU yévous GANG THs Stavolas doce eva, Pane- 


_gyr. § 1. 


INTRODUCTION. xxv 


"beaten at Cyzicus, or the Athenians. at Notium ; 


generals might be impeached for misconduct at Argi- 
nuse ; Alcibiades be welcomed with chaplets and 
hymns, or be deposed from his command amidst 
popular execrations ;—in any case the armourer would 
be driving a good trade, and the metic’s tax was a 
light evil compared to the dangers of citizens in these 
troublous times. 

But evil days were coming upon them. The dis- 
aster at Aigospotami (405 B.c.) was followed by the 
starving out of the city and its surrender to Lysander, 
by the overthrow of the constitution and the setting 
up of the Thirty (404 Bc) The year of anarchy 
(year of Pythodorus 404-3) was a terrible one for 
many. Still an unoffending and industrious metic, 
meddling not at all in politics, might hope to be 
unmolested by anything worse than increased public 
burdens.) But the Thirty were im dire want of 
money, and in an evil moment two of their number 
suggested that there were many metics, unprotected 
by the new constitution, residing in Athens and the 
Peireus, who possessed great wealth, and might 
plausibly be represented as disaffected to the Govern- 
ment. Let them be arrested and put to death on 
the charge of disaffection, and their wealth be con- 
fiseated to the State. This suggestion, in spite of 
the protest of Theramenes, which cost him his life, 
was eagerly adopted. Ten were to be first selected, 
not all rich, lest the object of the tyrants should be 
too apparent. In the first fatal list were the names 


= Lysias does not seem to have engaged in any active service, 
as metics in times of difficulty occasionally did. A man of his 
name is mentioned as in command of ships in B.C. $06. Xen. 
Hell. 1, 6, 30. 

3 Xen. Hell. 2, 3, 21. Lysias, vi. i. 48. 


Xxvi INTRODUCTION. 


of Lysias and his brother Polemarchus. What fol- 
lowed we know from his own indignant narrative. 

The party of the Tyrants to whom the task fell 
came with their attendants suddenly to Lysias’ house. 
He, in complete unconsciousness, was entertaining 
a party of guests, who fled precipitately, leaving 
Lysias in the hands of the Tyrants. He was com- 
mitted to the charge of Peison, while the others went 
to the workshop and took an inventory of the slaves 
working in it. lLysias was at once fully aware of 
the desperate nature of his danger and the only 
means of averting it. He offered Peison a talent to 
let him go. Peison consented, but followed him 
when he went to his money chest, and finding there 
a considerably larger sum, took the whole, but seems 
to have meant to carry out his bargain as to letting 
Lysias slip. But as they were leaving the house 
they met two others of the Thirty, to whom Peison 
explained that he was on his way to the house of 
Polemarchus. These two offered to take charge of 
Lysias, which Peison was afraid to decline. He was 
accordingly taken for custody to the house of Dam- 
nippus, where others arrested in a similar manner 
were being guarded. Damnippus was a personal 
friend, and by his connivance Lysias took advantage 
of a back door, and escaped to the house of a ship 
captain, Archeneos, where he might be sure of securing 
some passage. Here he lay hid till he had ascer- 
tained that Polemarchus had been arrested and put 
in prison, and that night he effected his escape to 
Megara.”4 

Here he appears to have remained quietly for 
some months, and though his property in the Peirzeus 
had been seized, he seems to have still possessed 

24 Lysias, v. ll. 40-111. 


INTRODUCTION. xxvii 


some means, perhaps from money invested in foreign 
towns, or goods warehoused abroad. For no sooner 
had the expedition of Thrasybulus to Phylé (Sept. 
404 B.c.) given the Democrats new hopes, than he 
threw himself into their cause with energy, and sup- 
ported it with liberality. He supplied Thrasybulus 
with 2000 drachmez, and persuaded a friend to lend 
a talent. He supplied 200 shields, and in con- 
junction with Hermas raised over 300 men.* 
Accordingly, when the party of Thrasybulus was 
triumphant and in possession of Athens, a decree 
was passed by the ecclesia, on the proposition of 
Thrasybulus, conferring on him the full Athenian 
citizenship. The first use which he made of his new 
privileges was to impeach Eratosthenes, one of the 
two tyrants who remained in the city, for the murder 
of his brother Polemarchus. The tyrants had been 
expressly exempted from the amnesty made between 
the party of Thrasybulus and the party of the city; 
but Lysias seems to have been unsuccessful in obtain- 
ing his condemnation, and he himself soon lost the 
power of conducting an impeachment, which could 
only be done by a citizen. His enfranchisement had 
been passed at the end of the so-called year of 
anarchy, and had not had the previous sanction of 
the senate; and when the ordinary constitution was 
re-established with the beginning of the year of 
Euclides (ie. Midsummer 403 B.c.), one Archinus 
brought in a ypadi) zapavépev against Thrasybulus, 
and the decree was quashed.* Lysias thenceforward 

% Vit. X Or. 835. 

% Archinus ssems to have made several such charges against 
Thrasybulus, who, no doubt, in the then unsettled state of things, 
must have more than once laid himself open to the charge. See 
Eschines, c. Ctes.,§ 195. The irregularity in this case was that 
the decree was an axpo3othevror Ygispa. ( Westermann.) 


xxviii INTRODUCTION. 


had to be content with the status of an Isoteles, the 
highest grade to which a naturalised resident could 
attain, and differing from that of a full citizen pro- 
bably in little except the right of holding offices, of 
speaking and voting in the ecclesia, and therefore 
of acting as prosecutor in impeachments.” 

But the reputation obtained by his speech delivered 
against Eratosthenes seems to have put in his way 
a new means of acquiring wealth—namely, by the 
exercise of the profession of speech-writer. If the 
Phedrus of Plato is not wholly dramatic, he appears, 
in the interval of his residence at Athens before the 
Revolution, to have acquired some reputation for his 
compositions, and a supposed essay by him on love 
forms the text of that dialogue. But his inclination 
for philosophy or sophistic writings must now be 
considered as superseded by the more practical and 
remunerative pursuit. In this his activity must 
have been very great. The Pseudo-Plutarch asserts 
that as many as 425 speeches had been attributed to 
him, of which Dionysius admitted 230 as genuine. 
It is evident, at any rate, from the quotations of 
Harpocration, that we have but a small fragment of 
the work left by him.” He died in B.c. 378, thus 
reaching the age of fourscore. Of the twenty-five 
last years of his life, beyond the fact that they were 
busily employed in his new profession, we know little 
or nothing. The Pseudo-Plutarch tells us that he 
married his brother Brachyllus’ daughter, a connec- 


2 Boeckh, pp. 540, 541. Hermann, Pol. Ant. § 116. 

23 “« There is no doubt that some discredit attached to this pro- 
Fession of a \oyoypados, at least sufficient to deter a man of wealth 
and good connections from engaging in it.”—Dr. Thompson, 
Phedrus, Jntrod., p. xxvit. 

29 See Appendix iv. Harpocration quotes from some ninety 
speeches attributed to Lysias. 


INTRODUCTION. xxix 


tion legal at Athens; and there seems to be the 
ghost of some scandal as to his connection with an 
hetzra, called by the Pseudo-Demosthenes (c. Neeram, 
1351) Metaneira, and by Atheneus Lagis®® On 
the strength of a passage in one of his speeches (de 
pecun. Arist. § 19) he has been credited with a joint 
mission to Dionysius of Syracuse, but his name has 
probably no right to appear in the text. We can- 
not doubt, however, that he must have been some- 
what more than a mere spectator of the events which 
from 394 B.c. to the time of his death gradually 
raised Athens from her degradation to something like 
her old power on the seas. Nor, while engaged in 
the calling of a speech-writer, does he seem to have 
forsaken the philosophical studies and friendships of 
earlier times, for he is said to have composed a 
defence of Socrates. That his earlier writings had 
attracted great attention is shown by Plato, who puts 
into the mouth of Phedrus the description of him as 
Sewvoratos Tay viv ypaderv, while lamenting his turn- 
ing from the lofty pursuit of philosophy to that of 
the professional speech-writer: in which passage 
Plato no doubt puts into the mouth of a contempo- 
rary the criticism of a later date. 


§ 2.—Works. 


The Pseudo-Plutarch mentions three classes of 
writings left by Lysias :— 

(1.) Public speeches, i.e. speeches delivered before 
the ecclesia. Of these he mentions two—(1) A defence 
of his citizenship against the decree of Archinus. 
(2) A speech against the Thirty, by which he seems 


3° Atheneus, xvii. 592 I. 


XXX INTRODUCTION. 


to mean the xa? EparocOevots. The short time dur- 
ing which Lysias enjoyed a full citizenship accounts . 
for the small number of these speeches. 

(2.) Speeches in private causes. It was in these 
that Lysias enjoyed the greatest success and reputa- 
tion, having only twice, it is said, lost a case. It is 
not possible to decide even approximately the number 
of these. Probably many of those which he com- 
posed survived their delivery a very short time. 
When in subsequent times collections were made of 
his speeches, many were attributed to him which he 
did not compose. 

As we have seen, of the 425 assigned to him, more 
than half were rejected by Dionysius. Of this half 
only thirty-four have survived to our time, and of 
them no inconsiderable proportion are ousted from 
their place of honour by modern criticism. 

(3.) Besides these he composed rhetorical treatises, 
public addresses, letters, panegyrics, funeral orations, 
erotics. A specimen of a funeral speech appears 
as Or. ii. in editions of his works, but its genuine- 
ness is denied. Of erotics, the speech in the Phedrus 
(Plato, Pheedr. 230-236) may perhaps be a genuine 
production of his, or a close imitation of some of 
his compositions. 


§ 3.—THE STYLE oF LysIAS. 


There are two points of view from which we may 
regard a writer’s style, the historical and the critical. 
As to the first, the interest attaching to the 
writings of Lysias arises from the consideration of 
the place he holds in the development of Attic prose. 
The treatises of the old philosophers, the history of 


INTRODUCTION. xxxi 


Herodotus, though read and admired at Athens, were 
in a foreign dialect. Thucydides, with all his splen- 
dour, betrays the awkwardness of a man using a tool 
not yet thoroughly adapted to the work it is to do. 
But Attic life had developed with marvellous rapidity 
in the fourth century B.C., and with this enlarged life 
came constant and pressing needs for the artistic and 
trained use of language. Every day brought some 
occasion for clear or persuasive statements. The 
demand created the supply. What Lysias did hun- 
dreds did also. Composition ceased to be an affair 
- for the few; it was the daily need of the many. It 
is in such circumstances that really great work is 
produced ; and from the multitude of mediocre or- 
passable workmen the genius will surely emerge. 
The peculiar needs of the time irresistibly moulded 
the language used. The audience to be persuaded 
was a mixed one. Before all things, a man to be 
successful must be intelligible to persons of ordinary 
intelligence. If he indulged in long digressions he 
would weary. If he used high-flown language he 
would be laughed at. If he contradicted himself, if 
he told his story ill, if he confused names and dates 
and facts, he would miss the objects of his speech— 
persuasion and conviction. The audience, however, 
which he addressed, though a mixed one, had been 
long accustomed to listen to the oratory of the 
Tragedians ; they had learnt to admire the gorgeous 
word-painting of Aischylus, the pure taste of Sophocles, 
the simplicity and pathos of Euripides. They would, 
therefore, be easily disgusted at language too bald, 
at a style showing lack of ear for rhythm or culture, 
at dulness and absence of emotion. 

The critical view of Lysias’ style will show now 
far he answered to these demands. 

c 


xxxii INTRODUCTION. 


We may notice, then, that he conspicuously tells a 
story well. His facts are well arranged, their con- 
nection clearly shown, and their significance not left 
doubtful. The language in which he tells it is simple 
without being vulgar, and clear without being in- 
artistic. The meaning is generally to be caught at 
a glance. Very rarely in him are found long or 
involved sentences, words used in a recondite sense, 
or words employed at all not in common use among 
all educated persons of his time. And though his 
object is nearly always to tell a simple story simply, 
he is saved from being dull,—first by his dramatic 
faculty, by which he managed to adapt the speech 
which he wrote to the character of the person who 
delivered it, of which the speeches ‘for Mantitheus ” 
and “for the Cripple” are good instances; and 
secondly, by his power of occasionally rising above 
the placid stream of his narrative or argument to 
real passion. Of this his denunciations of the Thirty 
in the Eratosthenes may serve as one instance, and 
the account of the interview of the mother of the 
orphans with her father, in the last speech in this 
edition, as another and very striking one. 

Among ancient writers on oratory a very high 
place has always been assigned to Lysias. The 
qualities which they admired in him were his sim- 
plicity and purity of style, his power of clear state- 
ment, and freedom from superfluous ornamentation. 

Cicero calls him disertissimus, and selects as his 
distinctive merit subtilitas. He is sub- 
tilis, elegans, prope orator perfectus, De- 
mosthenes being the standard of absolute perfection. 
And though he attained to such refinement of style 
and such subtilty and almost cunning in seeing and 
stating his points, he had also nervous strength and 


Cicero, B.c. 104-43. 


INTRODUCTION. ¢ Xxxili 


force (lacerti). He is venustissimus and politissimus, 
though generally not amplus or grandis. This, how- 
ever, was from deliberate purpose, as the causes he 
usually pleaded required the former qualities rather 
than the latter.*4 

Dionysius has left us an elaborate criticism of 
Lysias’ style. He selects as his points)... vins of Hali- 
of praise: (1) his lucidity and the carnassus, circ, 
purity of his Attic ;32 (2) the homeli- “” * 
ness and simplicity of his language, while he yet 
contrives to dignify his subject. This he contrasts 
with the vulgarity and extravagance (doptikjv Kat 
brépoykov katackevyv) of Gorgias ;*° (3) his clearness 
of statement as well as language ;** (4) his condensed 
and terse style ;* (5) his graphic power—the power, 
that is, of conveying clear ideas to others ;*° (6) his 
dramatic faculty ()o7ovia), or power of suiting words 
and sentiments to the individuals for whom the 
speeches are composed ;*” (7) his power of adapting 
his style to the subject and the hearers, and to the 
necessities of the case, adopting, for instance, quite 
different styles for the law court, the ecclesia, and 
the national assembly (zavijyvpis) Thus, too, in 
the various parts of a speech he varies his style. 
In the exordium it is quiet and didactic (kaBerrnkvia 


31 Cicero de Orat. 118 ; ib. 816 ; Brut. 17; ib. 81; Orat. 15; 
ib. 16; de opt. gen. Or. 8. 

82 Vit. Lys., xabapds fv épunvelay xal ris ’Arrixiis yAwrrns 
dpioros Kavav. 

ri ib. 61a r&v Kuplwy re kal Kowdv Kal év véow Ketmevwn dvomaruv 
KT, 


34 ib. cagpjvera... ov udvoyv ev rots dvduace GANG Kal év Tots 
TpayLace 
35 


ib. ) cverpégovea Ta vonuara kal orpoyyirus expépovoa dékts. 
ib. SUvauls 71s bd Tas aicOjoes dyovca Ta Aeysueva. 

8 ib. 7a mpoojxovra éxdoros drodovva raOn Te Kal épya. For 
examples of this see especially Orations viii. and xiii. 


36 


XXXiv INTRODUCTION. 


kat 70uKy) ; in the narrative convincing and concise 
(riOavi) Kat drepiepyos); in the demonstration terse 
and condensed (crpoyyvAy kat rvxvj) ; When he en- 
larges and appeals to the emotions (raatvopévy) it is 
solemn and genuine (ceyvi) kat ddAnOwy); in his 
summing up it is analytic and brief.*° (8) Besides 
these there is that indefinable and nameless some- 
thing, which, like the bloom of personal beauty, 
harmony in music, or felicity in poetry, cannot be 
easily or exactly expressed, but may perhaps be par- 
tially represented bythe word “charm” or “ grace” 
(x apes). 

Quintilian speaks of his dramatic faculty, his sim- 
Quintilian, plicity and freedom from affectation, his 
A.D. 42-118. easy and elegant style, his gracefulness and 
model Attic.*? 

Gellius quotes Favorinus as saying that no word 
A.Gellms, can be taken from Plato without injury 
cire, ap. 140. to his literary perfection, none from Lysias 
without injury to his meaning.” 

The upshot of these criticisms seems to be that 
Lysias is to be regarded as furnishing a model of 
correct language, and as being the type of a business- 
like speaker, who kept steadily in view as his first 
object that he should enlighten and convince his 
hearers, and this without loss of literary grace or 
general interest. Many critics, Plutarch tells us, were 
fond of comparing the style of the elder Cato with 


38 The last two sections are embraced in the peroratio. The 
four parts of a speech are thus taken, viz. the exordium, narratio, 
demonstratio, peroratio. By calling his style in his summing 
up “analytic” (diareduuévn), he seems to refer to his distinct 
separation of the various heads of his argument in a recapitula- 
tion. For a good specimen see Or. tt. [7] § 42-3. 

39 Quint. wit. 8; ix. 4; x. 1; wit. 10. He, however, seems to 
think him wanting in greatness, puro tamen fonti quam magno 
flumini proprior. 40 4, Gellius, Noctes, 2, 5. 





INTRODUCTION. XXXV 


that of Lysias1 Plutarch himself dissents from the 
judgment ; but that it should have been formed at all 
is an illustration of the impression made generally on 
readers by Lysias. 


§ 4.—VALUE oF LyYSIAS AS ILLUSTRATING 
ATHENIAN LIFE AND HISTORY. 


Lysias, as a model of style, and as illustrating a 
special phase in the development of Greek prose 
writing, has thus much interest. But there is another 
kind of interest in his work. The subjects with 
which he has to deal were closely connected, either 
with historical events or with the everyday life of 
his time. In the case of historical events his con- 
tribution to our knowledge possesses the advantages 
which contemporary allusions must ever have over 
formal history. And in the matter of the illustration 
of common life we feel that he deals with his topics 
without exaggeration or ulterior design. Accordingly, 
in reading his speeches, we catch many clear glimpses 
of Athenian life and habits, of Hellenic politics and 
sentiment, worth a good many pages of Xenophon 
and whole books of Diodorus. We shall find illus- 
trated the cheapness of Athenian life *? to remind us 
of Pericles’ boast ¢udoxaAotpev per edtercias. We 
shall learn the prices of provisions, of land and 
houses, of animals and tombs.42 We shall hear of 
the simplicity of their houses and furniture ;* of the 
sacredness of the duty of performing funeral rites ;* 

“| Plutarch, Cato, vii. Cf. Cicero, Brutus, 16, 63, sed ille 


Grecus ab omni laude felicior. Though he acknowledges non- 
nulla similitudo between them. 


2 gvi. 165, 245. © zeit. 165, 171, 176. 
“4 x, 1, 200.  y, 1, 680; vi. 1. 811; «1. 41; xvi. 60. 


XXXVi INTRODUCTION. 


of the mourning robes of their women ;* of the 
duties of children to parents; of the father, brother, 
or guardian, to daughters, sisters, or wards.47 We 
may see the Athenian citizen in his daily lounge in 
the Agora, or hanging about the law courts on the 
chance of some amusing scene or speech.48 We may 
go on the Corn Exchange and watch the brokers 
trying to evade the law, and eagerly catching at or 
spreading rumours that may lower or raise the price 
of their goods.*9 Or we may stroll into the barbers’ 
or perfumers’ shops, or the banker’s stall, and listen 
to the gossip of the town, and in some secret chamber 
see some young spendthrift stake his last drachma 
on the fall of the dice.°® Penetrating deeper into 
social relations, we get light upon the connection of 
master and slave; the discredit of the position of the 
latter even when emancipated; the difficulties of 
escape, or in proving an emancipation once obtained.*4 
We have a picture of the vicissitude of landownership 
in Attica ;°? of an elementary “ poor law ;”5 of the 
rush of all the neighbours to help themselves from 
the abandoned house on a confiscated estate.* In 
Hellenic politics we have vividly illustrated the end- 
less shifts and turns of public feeling; the rapid 
combinations of States, and their as rapid dissolution ; 
and especially the importance of the part played by 
individual enterprise and speculation in the various 
expeditions and wars which arose from time to time 
between the Hellenic States.°° Nor is it a small 


46 a4. 1. 276. 47 wi. 1.818; 0.1. 404. 8% Wil. 7034.1. 668. 


49 ot. § 14-18. 50 ait. l, 29s wit. 0. 153 xii. t. 147. 
51 See Index I. ‘* Slaves.” B23 oi, § 4-8. 
53 Or, gti. Bre: S6S1. 


55 See the cases of Alcibiades, Conon, and Thrasybulus, and 
especially the account of the last expedition of Thrasybulus in 
Or. xiv. [28.] 


INTRODUCTION. XXXVii 


contribution which Lysias makes to the fulness of 
our understanding of an interesting period of the 
history of Athens ; that, namely, from her fall in B.c. 
405 to her partial revival in Bc. 394-390; nor to 
our power of rightly appreciating the career and 
character of some of her most eminent citizens— 
Alcibiades, Theramenes, Conon, Thrasybulus. 





ORATION L [5] 


For THE DEFENDANT, KALLIAS, ON A CHARGE 
OF SACRILEGE. 


$1. What induces me to speak in Kallias’ defence is, 
Ist, my personal friendship for him ; 2dly, his excellent 
character ; 3dly, the public advantage imvolved im the 
security of those who lead innocent lives. 

Ei pév wept aGrXov Tivos 4 TOU cwpaTos, 
@ Gvdpes Stxactai, KadXias nywvifero, cEnpKes 
av pot cai Ta Tapa Tov Grey cipnucva- viv 
Sé pos Soxei aicypoy civat, KeXevovtos* Kat 
Seopévou, cai dirov dvtos Kai euoi nai Ews Ef 
T® Tatpi, xal Tokd@v cupSoraiav nuiv pds 
GAAHrovs yeyernuéver, un BonOjcas Kad2Xia ta 


2 Sixata, Stas av Sivepas. evousfov pev ody 


ouT@ peTotKeiy aUTOV ev TaUTy TH TONES, WaTE 
TokU wpotepov ayabod ties tevtecOar Trap 
tpev H ext TotavTass aitiass eis TocotTor Kiv- 
Suvoy xatactncecOas- viv Sé of émiBouNevortes 
ovy Frtov ertxivduvoy Toutes Tov Biov Tois 

1 Scheibe, ixereéovros ex conj. Hirschig. Sed verbum intentius 
precantis verbum levius sequi debet. 

z B 


10 


2 AYZIOY I [5] 


pndéy aorxovow % Tols ToAN@Y KAaKOV aiTiols 
15 ovow. 


§ 2. The evidence against Kallas is that of his slaves. 
This is most untrustworthy ; for they have the chance 
of gaining their freedom if they are believed, and nothing 
to lose uf they are disbelieved. An evil precedent will 
be set, if slaves see that they can gain by accusing their 
masters,—and one that equally affects us all, as owners of 
slaves. 

a lal / 

“Tuds 5é ad&vov pn Tors péev tov Oepatrov- 3 

/ \ q 
TwV Oyous TieTovs vopifew, Tos Sé TovTwV 
> / BJ iA ad re A - \ 
atiatous, évOupoupévous ott Kadria pév ovdels 
momoTe ovT idiTns évexddecev ovTE apYwr, 
rn a / 

20 oikav & ev tavtn TH Ode TOAAA pev ayaba 
bas érromoer, ovdeulay S€ cy@v aitiay eis TODTO 
a ¢€ t 247 e x ? cd a / 
THs nrtklas adixrat, obTor bé év arravt. TS Bio 

/ n n 
peyada nuapTnKoTes Kal TOAM@Y KaKaV TeTTELpa- 
Hévol,. @aTrEp ayadod Twos alto yeyernuévoty 
a / 
25 mrept éXevOepias vuvi motodyTas Tovs AOyous., Kal 
> 4 Viv \ 24 x < 
ov Gavpalw:\icact yap ort, dv revddpevor 4 
a a a rd 
éheyyIaou, ovdev peilov THv bTapyovTwv Telcov- 
tat, éav € dads éEatatnowo., TOY TapovTaV 
KaKov éoovTal amndXaypévol.\ KalToL Tods 
t ié 
30 rovovTous ovTE KaTHYOpoUS OUTE wapTUpAs TLCTODS 
xpr vouifew eivat, oltwes avTol peydda Kep- 
an é 
Saivovtes mepl étépwv Trolodvtas Tovs odyous, 
2 \ \ a 4 a / n 
GAA TOAV padrov boot TO Synpworlw BonOodvtes 
> Ve a > \ a 
els KLVOUVOUS opas avtous Kabtortacw. a Evo 5 
35 Sé poe Soxel eivar ov tovTwy td.ov mrycio Pat TOV 
ayava, AXA KoLWWoY aTdvTwY TOV ev TH TOdeEL* 


HEPI TOY SHKOY. oe 


tA 
ov yap TovToLs povots cial OeparrovTes, Gdda Kal 
a »”- 4 A X X 7 A 
Tos mAs gig, ot Tmpos oe Karis iid fe = 
> > td a 2 > 
amoBndérrovtes ovKEeTL oKeovTat 6 Tt av* ayabov §° 
> s, A , , , 
eipyacpévot tous Searotas édevOepor yévowTo, 40 
>a - a 

GX’ 0 Tt Weddos Twepl adbtav pnvicarTes. 


ORATION IL [7] 


For THE DEFENCE. ON A CHARGE OF REMOVING 
A FENCED-IN OLIVE Stump. BEFORE THE 
Courts | OF THE AREOPAGUS. 


§ 1. My opponents have pursued a system of persecution 
towards me. They first tried to charge me with cutting 


down a sacred olive on my vineyard, and finding that 
they could not establish that, they trumped up the charge 
of cutting a fenced-in olive stump (a7nkés). 

IIporepov pév, @ Bovry, evousov é€ecivas 
T® Bovropéve, novylav ayovtt, unre Sixas eye 
unre Tpaypata: vuvi S€ ottws ampocdoxntos 
aitiats Kal tjovnpois cuxopavtais TepitértoKa, 
aot et mews olov te, Soxet por Seiv Kai tTovs pH 5 
yeyovoras 7on Sediévar mepl Tov pedXovTev 
écecOat- Sia yap Tovs TotovTovs of Kivdvvor 
_ Kotvol yoyvovrat Kat Tots pndev adtxodot Kat 

2Tois moAAa mpaprnxoow. oitw 5 depos 6 
ayov pot xabéctnKxev, @oTEe aTeypadny To péev 10 
mTp@tov édaiav ex THs yas adpavifev, Kal mpos 
Tovs ewynévous TOUS KapTOs TAY jLopLaY TUD- 

2 a addidit Scheibe ; in MSS. deest. 


4 AYSIOY II [7] 


, \ rd a 
Oavopevor tpocnecav: érevdy 8 €k TovTov Tod 
/ a a 
TpoTrov adiKovvTd pe ovdev evpeivy eduvnOncar, 
/ / ’ / A > \ \ 
15 vuvi pe onxov hacw adaviferv, olopevot emo ev 
TAUTHY TY aiTlay aTopwTaTny elvat amredéyEat, 
a a an / 
avutois Sé é€etvat padrov 6 Te dv BovrwvTaL 
réyew. Kal Sei pe, wept av ovTos émiBeBov- 
> a lal 
AevKwS HKel, dw wpiv Tos Svayvwcopévors Trepl- 
an 7 n 
20 Tod Tpaypwatos axovcavTa’ Kal wept THs TaTpidos 
Kal rept Ths ovcias aywvicacba. suas é 
/ ? > lol ¢ a / 
Teipacopar €€ apyns vuas oudakar. 


WwW 


§ 2. The vineyard in question belonged to Peisander ; 
on the confiscation of his goods, it was granted as a free gift 
to Apollodorus of Megara, and just before the usurpation 
(the Thirty) rt was purchased and let out by Anticles: I 
purchased it from Anticles after the restoration. At 
that time it had neither olive nor stump of olive on it. 
That there once were such is possible, but I am not respon- 
sible for their disappearance ; the Spartan invasions and 
disturbances of the tume will quite account for that, as in 
many other cases; especially as for three years it was 
sequestrated and unworked. 


"Hy péev yap tovto Ilevcdvdpov rd yowpior, 
SnuevOévtav Tov dvtTav 8 éxelvov ’AmroANOSwpos 
ny p 
~ ¢ n V2 
250 Meyapeds Swpedy Tapa tod Sypyov AaBov Tov 
\ BA / > , > / be \ n 
fev adrov xXpovov éeyewprer, OAL Tpo TOV 
tpidxovta AvtTiKrhs Tap avtod mptdpevos eFeui- 
aon \ st / a7: ms 
cOwcev: éym 5é map ’Avtixdéovs elpnyns ovens 
iid U7] 
€wvovpnv. ayyodmat Tolvur, & Bovdy, éwov Epyov 5 
30 arodeiEar ws, érrevd1) TO Ywplov éxtnodpnv, ovT 
érala ovTe onKos évav év avT@. volo yap Tod 
” 


- 


*. 1 dkobcavta Sauppius. Al. dxovcavras vel dxoveact. 
BR 


TIEPI TOY SHKOY. 5 


X ; / FAP 9 , 2A / 
Hév TpPOTEpoV Ypovon, ovdS ei TadraL evjcav mupiat, 
n \ ’ an 
ovK av Sixaiws EnwrodcOar: ei yap pr) Sv Hpas 
i. lal 
elo npavicpévat, ovdév mpoonKer Tepi TaD 
GddoTtplav dpapTnudtwv ws adiKodvTas KiV- 35 
e ’ 
6 Suveveww. Tavtes yap érictacbe OTt 6 TONEMOS 
\.-. 2h n ” an / \ 
Kal AXAWVY TOAADY ALTLOS KAKMY YEeyEeVNTAaL, Kal 
/ 
Ta pev Toppw b7d Aakedaimovioy éréuveTo, TA 
cS \ Ores n VA 4 a 
S éyyds td Tav hirwy SunptraeTo: date TAS 
x / i. \ fal a / / 
av Sikaiws trép Tév TH Mode yeyevnuévorv 40 
cuppopav éya vuvi Sixnv Sidoinv ; dddrAws TE Kal 
n \ a 
TOUTO TO ywploy ev TH Troréum SnuevOev arrpak- 
an ’ 
Tov Hv TAelov 7 Tpia érn. ov Oavpacrtov 8 
Ld ' , es > ® 2Q\ Ne Ree: ] 
ToTe Tas popias é&éxoTrTov, ev @ ovSE TA 7)uéTEP 
avtav gpudrdtrew novvdpebas ériotacbe Sé, & 45) 
eae "A n 4 > a 
Bovnry, door padtoTa TOV ToLOvTwY émLpedeioOe, 
a / 
TON év éxelvp TH Xpdve Sacéa bvTa idiais Kal 
poplais édalials, OY viv Ta ToANL ExKéKOTTTAL 
na \ na a 
Kal h yh Wry yeyévntat: Kal TOV adTadv Kal év 
/ tal 
TH eipyvn Kal év TO Toréum KexTnLévov ovK 50 
a >’ n 
afwodte Tap avtav, étépov éxxopavtav, diknv 
8rapBdvev. Kaito. ef tors Sta mavtos Tod 
/ a a 5 
Xpovov yewpyouvtas Tis aitias adiete, 7) ‘trou 
\ A > a re 
xp) ToUs y év TH eipnvyn mptapévous ad vuav 
3 ff / 0 55 
alnuious yevér Oat. 


~sI 


§ 3. I shall now prove (1) that within five days of my 
purchase I let the land to Kallistratus, who held it for two 
years, without any mention of any olive tree, sacred or 
other, or of any olive stump ; (2) that in the third year 
of my ownership Demetrius held it for a year ; (8) that 
im the fourth year I let it to Alkias, a freedman of 


6 AYSIOY II [7] 


Antisthenes, now dead, (4) that finally, Proteus hired tt, 
—all equally without any mention of olives or olive 
stumps. 
"AAG yap, ® Bovdryn, wept pev TeV Tpo- 
Tepov yeyevnuévov ToANA Exov eEirreiy ‘Kava 
/ \ > / > \ > SieN } 
vopito Ta elpnuéva: ered) 8 eyo mapédaBov 
To yoplov, mply uépas wévte yevéoOat, are- 
60 picOwca Kardortparo, émt v00dapou dpyovtos: 
A 4 ” b] / bY 2Q/ / » ots 
ds Ovo etn éyewpynoev, ote idiav édaiay ovTE 
popiay ovTe onKkov TapadaBodv. Tpitm dé ere 
4 € \ > 4 ’ if a \ 
Anpa}rpios obrool eipydoato émavrov: Te dé 
tetapto Adkia ’Avticbévous arredevOépw éepic- 
65 Owoa, ds TéOvnKxe TadTa Tpia éTn. opolws Kal 
IIpwréas euicPacato. Kai pou dedpo ire pap- 
TUPES. 


WITNESSES TO DEPOSE ABOVE FACTS. 


§ 4. Now it is after these tenancies that my own occupa- 
tion began, and that my accuser asserts that I cut the 
stump. But the above evidence, covering several years, 
proves that there was no such stump. 


bal Ty by / e / mo : / > 
meidi) TolvUY 6 xXpovos ovTOS &e—NKEL, AUTOS 
lal \ st € , > x 4 
yeopya. nal o€ o KaTHYyopos ETt Lovviddov 
nr / lal 
70 dpxovtos onKov im éuod éxxexdpOa. tpiv Sé 
/ / 
pewapTupiKaciy of mpoTepov épyatopevor Kat 
modra &rn map e“od pepicOmpévor pry elvas 
onkov €v TO yopio. Kaito. TAS av Tis Pavepw- 
/ ? , {i \ / 
tépws é&edéyEeve revdopevoy Tov KaTHyopor ; 
le > r \ 
75 0d yap oloyv Te, & mpoTEepov py Hv, TadTa TOV 
/ 
botepov épyafouevoy apavite. 


IIEPI TOY ZHKOY. 7 


§ 5. Besides, what could have been my motive? Even 
af I could have escaped detection, I should gain nothing. 

A stump would not spoil the property, be in the way of the 
vines, or incommode a dwelling-house ; nor was I a poor 
man to whom tts value would be of importance. 

On the other hand, there was every chance of detection, 
for so many had tenanted the vineyard that some one of 
them would be sure to notice it, even if my neighbours did 
not, for fear the act should be attributed to them. Then, 
too, my slaves would have become my masters, knowing 
that by giving information they could secure their freedom. 

12 ‘Eyo Toivuy, ® Bovryn, ev pey TO Téws 
xpove, bcor pe Packovey Seuvoy eivar Kal axpiBh 
Kal ovdey av eixn Kal aroylioTws Tomcat, 
> / ” ehh eee , ef 
HYAVAKTOUY AV, AipovpeEVvos ~ “addov AéyecPar ws 8O 
fot TpoohnKe: viv dé mavtas av buds Bovrolynv 
mept e“od Tavtny THY yvaounv éexew, va ynobé 
pe oxorreiy, elrep Toovtois epyows érexetpour, 
kal 6 te Képdos éylveTo TS adhavicayTs Kal Hris 

/ rn / \ x \ /, 
Enula TO TojcavT., Kal Ti av AaOwv SverpaEduny 85 
kal ti dv pavepos yevopevos bp tuav erracxov. 

13 TavTes yap avOpwirot Ta ToladTa ody TBpews 
> \ / of. n \ ¢ a Stu 
Gra Képdous Evexa Trovodcr: Kal vpads eiKos 
ovTw oKOTeiV, Kal TovS ayTLOiKOUS ex TOUTwY TAS 
Katnyoplas troveic Oat, atrodaivovtas Aris @péreva 90 

14 Tos adiKnoacwW éyiveTo. ovTOS pévTOL OvK av 
4 > ad #f e e \ / > / 
éyot arrodetEar oP ws bd Tevias nvayxdcOny 
ToLovToLs épyois ériyetpeiv, ov ws TO ywpilov 
poor SiapOelperar Tod onrod dvtos, obf as ap- 
médows éurod@v mM, ove os oixias éyyus, of 95 
ds éya aréipos Tav rap’ tpiv Kivdiver, ef Tt 


2 aipoduevos conj. Sanppius. Al. tyevpevos, tryeic Oat, vel iyyetode. 


8 AYSIOY II [7] 


Vf 
ToUTwY empaTTov. Todas yap* av Kal peyddas 
€uavTo® Cnlas yevopévas arropyvayut ds mpaTov 
/ 
pev peO npépav é&éxomtov Tov onKoV, BaoTrEp Ov 
an > 
100 wdvtas AaGeiv Séov, GAA Travtas >AOnvaiovs 
/. A \ n 
eldévat. Kal eb Mev AloxpoV Hv LovoY TO TpPayLa, 
rn / n 
tows av Tis TOV TaptovT@y Huédnoes vov O ov 
mepl aicyvvns adda THS peyiotns Enulas éxw- 
, an > > rN = > , > Ve 
Suvevov. Tas 8 ovK av Hy GOMOTATOS avOpaeTraV 
105 drdavtwv, ef tols eguavtod Oepdrovtas pyKére 
/ 
Sovrous ewerrov &£eww GANA SeoroTas TOV NoLTrOY 
n / 
Biov, TovodTov épyov cuveldoTas ; @aTE eb Kal TA 
/ 
péeyrota eis gue éEnudptravov, ovK av olov Te ty 
diknvy pe tap avTav AapBdvew: eb yap av 
> if a tet eee if 9 \ 2 \ / 

110 eidetny Ore em’ éxelvous Hv Kal eue Tiywwpyicacbar 
Kal avtots unvicaci édevOépors yevécOary ere 
Toivuv €b TOV OiKETaV TapéoTn por pndev' Ppov- 

n 3 / 
tite, Tas av éroApNCA TocOUTAV peuLcOapévev 
Ve 
Kal amavtwv ocuvevdotov adavicat Tov onKov 
115 Bpayéos pev Képdous évexa, rpofecpulas dé ovde- 
n a id na 
plas ovens TH KivdvV@ Tots Eeipyacpévols ATract 
& na a / 
TO Yaplov omolws TpoohKoy iva o@ov TOV ONKOD, 
a Ly a 
iy el Tis avTovs HTLaTO, Elyov aveveyKeiy OTM 
VA n \ N EN Ny od 4 lal 
mapédocav. viv 6€ Kal éué arodvcartes paivor- 
\ an 5) 7 ” / , 

120 Tat, Kat opas QUTOUS, €LTTEp vrevdovTat, HETOYOUS 
THs aitias KabtoTavTes. 

§ 6. See how umprobable their tale is. I am supposed to 
have personally superintended the removal of this stump, 


surrounded by neighbours, many of whom were not on 
friendly terms with me. 


3 roddas yap Baitt. et Saupp. MS. om. yap. Alii alias medelas 
afferunt. 


-_ 
“ 





IIEPI TOY [HKOY. 9 


And though I have many other estates on which there 
are many similar trees, which I could have cut down with 
less fear of detection, I am supposed to have selected this 
particular vineyard, where, as they say, there was only 
one stump, to commit a crime from which I could get no 
advantage, and in committing which he might have 
secured my conviction by bringing the Archons to the 
spot. Is it not evident that this charge ts the offspring 
of mere malice ? 

13 Ei toivuy cal Tatra TapecKevacdpny, TAS 
av olos + tw Tavtas Teicat Tos TaptovTas, 
# Tous yelTovas, of ov povoy aGAAnAwY TadT 
isacw & Taow opav Ekeotw, adda Kai Tepi 12 
@v awoxpuTTopeba* pndéva eidévat, Kai tepi 
éxeivev tuvOavovtat; éyolt Toivyy TovTeY ot 
pev @iror of 82 Suadopor wepi Tav epav tvy- 

19 yavouvow Svtes. ods expiy TovTOY Tapacyéc- 
@at paprupas, cal py povov ottws TodAunpas 138 
KaTyyopias ToicOat- bs gdncw @s eyo pev 

 -wapeothnKev, ot & oixérar éférepvov Ta Tpéuva, ~~ 
- Gvahepevos 5 6 Bondatns @yeTo aTayev Ta 

20 EUAA. : Karo, ra Nixopaxe, xpi ce ToTE Kai 

Tapaxanely Tous mapovras Maptupas, Kal pavepov 135 
woul TO Mpaypa Kai épol- wep ovdcuiay ay 
cwokorylas brréhurres, autos 5€, ef pév cot exOpes 
iv, éy TOUT@ TO Tporep jjoGa a ay pe TETEpeOPNHEDOS, 
ei 5é Tips adkeas Evexa émpattes, outws efedeyEas 

21 OvK ay edoxels elvat cuxodavTns, ei 5é Kepdaivew 140 
éBovXov, ToT av wrciotov EdaBes: davepod yap 
GvTos TOU TpaypaTos ovdeuiay GAN IyyoUpNY av 


* droxpyrrépera oijpeSa conj. Scheib. MSS. droxpyrrépeba. 
Cf. Thucyd. 2, 53, 2. 


Or 


~ 


145 


150 


155 


160 


165 


170 


10 AYSIOY II [7] 


elval “ot owTnpiay 7) oé Telcal. TovTwY ToivUY 
ovdev tromnaas dia tods covs Royous akiois pe 
atonécOat, kal KaTnyopels @s bd Ths euAs 
Suvapews Kal TOV euav xpnudtav ovdels ééret 
cot paptupeiv. Kaito. ei dynoas pm ideiy Thy 
poplay apavifovta Tods évvéa dpyovtas érnyaryes 
) Gddous Tivas Ttav €& ’Apetov mayou, ovK av 
étrépwy eer cot papTipwv: otTa yap adv cot 
cuvndecav adnOh RéyovTt, oltep Kal Svayuy- 
vaoKe &wedXov Trept Tod mpdypatos. Seworata 
ovy macya: ds° ei pev TapécyeTo papTupas, 
Tovtois av nEtov miaTeveu, érretdy dé ovK eialy 
avT@, éuol Kal tavTnv Thy Enulay olerar yphvat 
yevéoOat. Kal TovTov pev ov Oavydfo: ov yap 
dytou auxohavTav dua TowvtTav ye Royor 
aTropnce Kal paptipev: buds 8 ovK akid TV 
avTny ToiTe yvounv eye. émictacbe yap év 
TO TELM TOANAS poplas ovaas Kal TrupKaids év 
Tots ddrous Tots Ewots ywpiots, ds, elrep ereOvpmour, 
TON Hv acparécrepov Kal apavioat Kal éexxdvrat 
Kal érepydcacbat, dowmep ATTov TO adiknua 
TOANBY ovcaYv Euerre SHrov ececOar. vov 
& obtws adtas tepl TodAod Trovotuat orrep Kal 
Thy watpida Kal THv addnv ovclar, iyovpevos 
Tepl aupotépwv Tovtay elval por Tov Kivduvov. 
abtovs Tolvuy tuas TovTwY wapTupas TrapéEomat, 
emipedoupévous pev ExaoToV pNvos, yvopmovas 
Sé wéumovras Kal’ &xactov éviavTov: wy ovdels 
mamoT éeCnuiwoey ws épyatouevoy TA Tept TAS 


5 8s al. om., al. conj. ef uev yap, vel Sre el per. 


22 


23 


TIEPI TOY ZHKOY. 11 


x \ 
26 poplas ywpla. Kaitor od Syrrov Tas MeV pLKpas 
a a \ \ va 
fnwias ovTw Tept moANOD Trovodpmat, Tovs Sé Trept 
fol > \ 
Tov ca@patos KivdUvous oUTM ‘Tepl ovdevos 
a > a eA 
Hyodpat: Kal Tas pév TroAAAS Edailas, els as EEHv 175 
cal > tA ¢ , t 
padXov éEapapravev, oto Oeparevor haivopuat, 
\ \ / aA > al > 4 r b] 4 
tiv dé poplav, iv oby olov 7 hv dabeiv éEopvE- 
e > / s. / Td 66 
‘27 avta, @s adavifwv vuvi Kpivopar; Llotepov dé 
pot Kpeittov Av, @ Bovry, Snuokpatias ovans 
a a / 
mapavope i) él TOY TpldKovTa ; Kal ov A€yw 180 
/ lal > 
@s TOTe Suvapevos 7 @s viv SiaBeBAnpévos, GAN 
e a , 4 a len 2 a x 
@s T® Bovropévm ToTEe padrov eEjv adixciv n 
A aS / oS > / a U 
vuvi. éyw tolvuy od év éxeive TH Ypov@ ovTE 
nr ” ”- > \ \ tA vA 
ToLovTO ovTEe GAO oOvdév KaKOY TroLnTAas daVy- 
fal \ , 
28couar. las 8 av, ef pt) Tavtwv avOparav 185 
a / lal 
EUAUT@® KAKOVOVTTATOS VY, UL@V OUTWS ETTLpLEAoOV- 
z 
pévev éx TovTou THY popiay adavifew éreyelpnca 
fa] / b] ka / \ INN >? a 
Tov xwpiov, év @ dévdpov pev ovdé EV eoTL, pas 
/ wed f 
dé éhalas onkds, @s oUTOs Hynow elvat, KUKAOOEV 
e 
dé 0d0s meptéver, audhotépwOev Sé yelroves mrept- 190 
a / / 
oikodowv, depxtov S€ Kal Tavtaxobey KaToTTOV 
/ 
éotw ; wate Tis av AreTOAUNoE, TOUTWV OUTS 
, A 
29 €XOVT@Y, eTLyELpaat ToLovT@ Tpdypate ; Aewvov 
5é pos Soxe? elvar twas pév, ols vo Ths Todews 
/ n a 
Tov amavTa xpovoy TpooTétaxTat TOV popr@v 195 
edarav éryedeicbar, pn as érrepyafomevov 
lal / 
Tatote Enuacat un? ws adavicavta eis Kiv- 
duvov Katacthoat, TovTov 8, bs ovTEe yewpyav 
? si \ ed > \ ¢ / ¥ gy 
éyyds Tuyxaver ovT érripednTtis npnuévos ovO 
€ / ” D7 \ aA / > 
NALKIAVY EX@V eldévat Trepl TOV ToLovTwY, amro- 200 
yparat ye popiay adavifery. 


12 AYSIOY II [7] 


§ 7. Do not let the assertions of one man weigh against 
the facts of my whole life and character, which are free 
from all taint of bad citizenship. 

by \ / if ¢ a \ \ A 

Eyo toivvy Sێopar tudv pr Tovs ToLov- 
/ lal 
Tous oyous micToTépous Hyjcacbar TaV Epywr, 
pndé Tepl @v adtol ciuarte,® TadT avacyérOat 
a rn an / 

205 Tov euav éyOpav ReyovTwv, évOupoupévous Kat 
€x TOV elpnuévov Kal ex THS aAANS ToALTE/as. 
eyo yap Ta éwol mpooretaypéva atravta mTpo- 

Ld n 
Oupotepov treroinxa, @s UTo THs Toews Hvay- 
Kalounv, Kal Tplinpapyav Kal eiogopas eiapépwv 

210 Kal yopnyav Kal Tada AeLToUpyav ovdevds HTTOV 

TOAUTEAMS TOV TordlTav. KalToL TadTa pev 

/ na >’ \ \ A eet eee | \ 
MEeTplws ToLav adda pn TPOOVWwS OUT AV TeEpi 

a > n / 
guys oT av mepl Tihs ddAns ovolas Hyovifoump, 

/ oN 2 Ve 2Q\ b lal 2»Q? 9 if 
Trelw & av éxexTHuny, ovdev AdLKOV OVS érrLKiv- 

215 duvov éuavt@® Katactyaas Tov Biovr Tadta dé 

mpakas, & ovTOs pov KaTnyopel, éxépdatvoyv pe 
y 

ovdev, éuautov 6 els Kivduvov KabioTnv. KaiTot 

TavTes av oporoyncaite SiKatoTepov eivar Tots 

peyaros yphaoOar Texpnplows Tepl TOV peyddor, 

\ / e a ee ee c / 

220 kal mictoTepa HyeicOat rept @v dtaca 4 TOMS 

an rn 3 / lal 
papTupel, WadXov 7) Tepl wY MoVvos OUTOS KATHYOpEL. 


§ 8. Besides I offered my slaves to be examined by tor- 
ture. This showed great confidence in my innocence. For 
slaves would naturally be inclined to condemn their master, 
both from feelings of revenge, and from a hope of freedom. 
You may judge then his motive for declining this test. 


a by / 
"Erte tolvuy, @ Bovrn, ék TOV adNOY CKE- 


8 Al, rept Gy abrol obdev emo cinoTe. 


30 


31 


33 


34 


TIEPI TOY ZHKOY. 13 


yacOe. pdptupas yap éywv avT@ mpocidOor, 
éyov Ste por wavtes eiciv of Oepdrrovtes, ods 
> a > \ / \ / \ 
éxextThunv émredn Tapé\aBov To yopiov, Kal 
&rowpos eipt,” el tiva BovXroTO, Tapadovvat 
Bacavifew, iyovpevos ottas av Tov édeyyxov 
ioxupotepov yevérOar TAY TovTOV Aoywv Kal TOV 


35 épyav Tov euav. ovtos 8 ovdK HOErEv, oddéev 


/ \ 3 a / > \ X 

gdcKkev TicTov eivar Tois Oepdrrovow. épol dé 

oad 6 WA eae > \ ee \ e / 

Soxet Sevov” eivar, et Tepi avTav pév of Bacavifo- 
rn / rn 

pevor KaTnYyopovat,” ed eidoTes STL aTroOavodyTat, 

mept S& tov Secrotav, ols mepiKact KaKovov- 

a ud 

oTAaTOL, Uaddrov av eidovto avéyerOat Bacavito- 
/ a , 

pevot 7) KaTELTOVTES aTNrAAAXOat TOY TapoYTeY 


36 kaxav. Kal pév 87, ® Bovry, dhavepov oipac 


Ss if > 4 b] le] \ > , 
eivat Tt, e+ Nexopadyou é£artovvtos Tovs avOpa- 
\ / 29/ x 2 a s 

Tous pi) Tapedioour, eSdKxouv av éuavT@ Evverdévau: 
> \ f > lal / 2 cal 
érret6n Toivuv e“od TapadidovTos ovTos TapadaBeiv 
> ” re \ \ / \ + ee, 
ovK 0X, Sikatov Kal wept TovTou Thy avTiy 
4, tal ” \ fa) 4 > 
yvopunv oxeiv, adrAws TE Kal Tod KiWdvvoU ovK 


37 lcov ayorépors dvTos. rept euod péev yap et 


nreyyov, ovd av aroroyncacbai pow éFeyéveTto: 
touT@ & ef pu) @poroyouv & ovTos éBovXeTo, 
+P) lol o / ” > ef AL AXX 
ovdeuia Enula Evoxos hv. wate ToAV padArov 
ToUTov TapadapBavew éxyphy 7 eueé Tapadodvat 
TpocnKev. eyo Tolvuy eis Todto mpobupias 
/ a 

adixouny, wyovpevos pet euod civac Kal éx 
Bacdvev Kai é« paptipwv kcal éx Texunpiov 
bpas wept Tov mpdypatos TAaANOR Tvbéc Oat. 


7 eiul, al. elnv, Funr. 
8 Cobet vult drorov . . xarayopevovow, male Grecitatis 
KaTyyyopew mept Twos arguens, 


225 


230 


240 


245 


265 


270 


14 AYSIOY II [7] 


§ 9. Consider then (1) that I offer every evidence, my 
accuser none ; (2) that the prosecutor is not so likely to be 
acting from public spirit as from the hope of extorting 
hush-money from me, (3) that the effects of your con- 
demning me would be most miserable,—I being childless, 
and the sole support of my mother, though I have served 
the State in many capacities. 

evOupetcOar Sé xpi, & Bovdy, ToTepos xpr 

ve A 
TuoTEvEly paAXoOV, ols TodAOl mEe“apTUPHKacLV 1) 
e § LY Sr, x / 2 EN arr 
@® pnodels TeTOAUNKE, Kal TOTEpPOV ELKOS PMadXOV 
an > 4 A Xx \ / 
ToUTOV akiwdvves wwevdecOat 7 peta TocovTOV 
Kiwwdvvou ToLovTov éue epyov épyacacbar, Kal 

L4 ” IN CSN a / a 
motepov oleae avTov vrép THs TOAEws BonOeiv 
 cuxopavtodyta aitidcacba ; eyo pév éyvo- 
Kévat® tpas nyotuat Ste Nixdpayos td Tey 
eyOpav teicOers TOV eua@v TodTOY Tov aydva 
> / > e > nr / > / 
ayavigerat, ovy ws adixoovta édrrifwv arrodetEew, 
> > e > lh a | n / lal 
GAN ws apyvpLov Trap’ éwod Aiper Oar TpocdoKar. 
do@ yap of TowdTol eiow ématTiwTaToL Kal 
aTOpOTAaTOL TOV KLWSbVOV, TOTOUT@ TaVYTES AUTOVS 

VA / b eae. La / > 7f/ 
hevyouot pdrioTta. éyw Sé, @ Bovdrs, ovK HElou», 
GN éredimep pe ATLacaTo, Tapécxyov euavTov 
ee ts a \ / oe A 
6 te BovrNecGe ypicba, Kat TovTov évexa TOD 

4 lal na ¢ 
Kivdvvou ovdevt eyo Tov exOpav Sindraynv, OF 
b ee ed fal / x a > \ > 
€ue HOvov KaKaS éyouow 7 ohas avTovs é7rat- 
vodot, Kal havepas pév oddels TewToTE Eve AVTOV 

a A 

émeyelpnoe Tovjcar KaKov ovdév, TovovTous Sé 
émiméutrouct pot, ols tyes ovK av SiKatws Tic- 
TevolTe. TavTaV yap aOALOTaTOS av yevoi-un, 


9 éyywxévat, MSS. om. voplfew Saupp.: al. tromrredew, 
to Ojo Oat 


40 


IIEPI TOY ZHKOY. 15 


> \ > , , ” A Xx 

el huyas adixws KaTacTHocopat, aTraLs wey OV Kal 
Hovos, épyuov 5é Tod olkov yevopévov, pnTpos 

dé mavrav évdeods, matpidos dé tTovavTns ém’ 275 
> ’ \ > / \ \ 
ALTXLTTALS otepnbeis QLTLaLS, TrOANaS MEV Vav- 
paxias brép avThs vevavpaynkas, Todas Oé 
paxas pewaynpévos, Kocptov & euavtov Kal év 
nuoKpatia Kal év oduyapyla Tapacxov. 


§ 10. Recapitulation. I have shown (1) that no stump 
was in the vineyard ; (2) that though, if what he says is 
true, he might have caught me in the act of cutting tt 
down, he put off his accusation for a long time ; (8) that 
he has brought no evidence of his assertion ; (4) that he 

has refused my offer of my slaves to be examined by 
|. torture, though he asserts that they were present. 


. = 
42 "ANNA yap, @® Bovdry, TadTa pev evOdde 280 
ovK o10 6 TL Set Aéyeww: améderEa S ipiv as 
ovK évny onkos év TO yYopie, Kal papTupas 

/ 
Taperxounv Kal Texunpia. & xp pe“vnwévous 
Siayryv@oKke rept ToD mpdyyatos, Kal aksodv 
\ A / / La 2¢\ p Saat 
Tapa tovtov mudécGat Stov évexa, eEov ém 285 
/ 
aitopape éréyat, TocovT@ xpovm UoTepoy «Eis 
ree a 
43 TooodTOV pe KaTécTnTEY ayava, Kal papTupa 
1 lal / a \ 
ovdéva, Taparyopevos éx TOV AOyaV EnTEt TLGTOS 
yevéoOan, é£dv avtois Tois epyous adixodvTa atro- 
a fal / 
SetEas, kal éwod atravtas SidovTos Tovs Oeparrov- 290 
ee / a > 
Tas, ovs gnot TrapayevécOat, TtapadaBeiv ovK 
” G , 
nOerev. 


16 AYZXIOY IIT [9] 


ORATION ALL. [9] 


For THE DEFENDANT, POLYZNUS, ON A SUIT OF 
CONFISCATION FOR HAVING “SPOKEN EvIL OF 
MAGISTRATES,’ AND NOT PAID THE FINE. 


§ 1. Why have my accusers not spoken on the main 
charge, but only attacked my character? To divert your 
attention from the merits of the case, which I neverthe- 
less must fully state. 

Ti wore Ssavonbévres of avtidixot Tod pév 
mpayLaros TAPNMENHKACL, Tov dé TpoTrov pov 
errexelpnoav SiaBarrev ; ; morepov iat li bre 


rept TOU mparyparos Tpoonke, eye ; % TOE” 


5 pev érrictavtat, ryyovpevor S€ Anoew Tepl TavTos 
/ an a 
Trew AOYOV 7) TOD TpoornKoVvTOS ToLlodyTaL ; OTL 
\ > >? nr VA > \ an 
fev OVK E“od KaTappovncavTes adda TOD Tpay- 
\ fa) n 
peaTos Tovs Adyous TroLobYTal, Tapas éTicTapat: 
ei mévToe Was olovtat de evHnOevav' bd Tov dia- 
10 Bordv mevcbévras Katarndieicbai pov, ovK av 
Pavpdcais ; ounv pév odv, @ dvdpes Sixacral, 
nr a ; 
mepl Tov éyKAjpaTos, ov Tepl Tod TpoToU TOV 
> a / a / te a 
ayava pot tpoKeicba: SiaBardovTav 5é pe TOV 
al 
avriikov avayKaiov éote Tept wavT@v Thy 
15 dronoyiav Troujcacbat. mpatov pév odv rept 
Ths atoypaphs twas Sidako. 


§ 2. The year before last I found myself on the list of 
military service, though I had not been two months home. 
I went to the Strategi, but found no redress. They were 


1 etjOecay reposuit Cobet. MSS. edd, edvoavy. Cf. v. § 87. 


N 


YIIEP TOY =TPATIOTOY. 17 


angry at my appeal, and acting on some information as 
to my having spoken of them in strong terms, Ctesicles 
and his colleagues fined me (under a law which did not 
apply to my case). Not venturing to exact the fine, they 
entered my name ina register as a defaulter at the end 
of their year, that the commissioners might levy tt ; who, 
however, on their own authority, remitted it. On the 
ulegality of this remission rests their action against me 
for “ confiscation.” 


4 ‘“Adixopevos tpotépvow eis THY TONY, OvTO 
dvo pivas éridednunkas Katedéynv otpatiorys. 
aicOopevos S€ TO tpaxOév iretoTovpny ciOéws 
emi pndevi tryiet xaTeiéyGar. TpocedOwy ovv 20 
T@® oTpaTnyS €dnr\woa Ott EoTpaTevpévos eEiny, 
étuyov 5&€ ovdevos Tav peTpioy.  Tpornda- 
Kifopevos S€ ryyavaKxTouv pév, Hovyiav 8 eixov. 
atopovpevos 5& Kai cupBovrAevopevos Tive TOV 
TOMT@Y Ti Ypcwpal TH Tpaypati, eruOdopnv 25 
@s xat dynoew pe atetrotev, AéyovTes Ott ovdEeV 
éXaTTw ypovov Kadrrxpatous [odvauvos évdnyotn. 
Kapot pev Ta Tpoepnuéva Sreiiexto emi TH 
@iriov tparéfn: of S€ peta Krnoixdéous tod 
GpKovTos, araryyeihavTOs Tivos ws eyw AoLdopoipt, 30 
Tov vopov amayopevovtos EAN TIE APXHN EN 
EYNEAPIQI AOIAOPHI, wapa Tov vopov Enurdcae 
néiwcav. émiBadovtes 5& To apyipiov Tpa~acbar 
pév ovK erexeipnoarv, ékiovons Sé Tis apyijs 
ypawartes eis NevK@pa Tois Tapiats Tapédocav. 35 
7 olde pev tade Suepatavto: of dé tapiar ovdev 

Gpotov Toicde diavonOértes, dvaxadecapevor TOS 

mTapadovtas THv ypadny, éoxoTobvto THs aitias 

Cc 


ut 


On 


18 AYSIOY III [9]: 


\ lA > / SN \ f 
THY Tpopaciv. aKovoavTes Sé TO yeyevnpévor, 


40 évyoodvtes ola trerovOas Hv, TO pév TpwTOV 


by > \ > ta / € 3 
éresOov avtovs adetvat, diddoKovTes @S ovK 
> \ ” aA lal + eee | tf 54 
emeikes ein TOV TrOALT@Y TiWas Su idias exOpas 
an tal 7 
avaypadber Oat, atropodvtes 5é€ petarreicat avTous, 
TOV Tap vuav KivduvvoY UToaTaVTES AKUpOV THY 
is > r 

45 Enuiav Expwav. “Ore pév odv adpelOnv tro Tov 
Tamar, érictacbe: mpoonkew Sé iyovpevos Kai 
8 \ ue \ > / od f an 
ta TavTny THY amroderév aTnrrax Oat TOU 
> / ” / \ 4 ee 4 
EYHKANMATOS, ETL TAELOVAS KAL VOMOoUS Kal addAS 

XN 

SuKaooes Tapacxyjcomat. Kat por raBé rov 

iad / 

50 vopov. 


LAW AS TO “SPEAKING Evit oF MAGISTRATES” 
PUT IN. 


§ 3. I do not come under this law, not having been in the 
“assembly” at all. And even if I did, the action would 
now lie against the commissioners for the legal remission 
of the fine, not against me. 

Tod pev vouov Siappydnv ayopevovtos TOT 
EN TQI SYNEAPIOI AOIAOPOTNTAS Cnwiodv dxnkdare: 
eyo 8 Ore pev ovK« eiondAOov eis Td apyeior, 
paptupas Tapecxounv, adixas Sé &nuiwbels 

55 ot’ adethw ott extioar Sixavos emt. eb yap 
/ 3. \ > ‘ > x / ¢ \ 
pavepos a €EN@v eis TO cuvedprov, o 6é 
vouwos TOUS €VTOS TAmppehobvras aryopever TIV 
Cnutav depeldew, noveniears pev ovdév haivopat, 
éyOpa bé avev tovTov Taparoyos fnputwPers. 
60 cuvéyvwcay Sé Kal adtol odiow ws AduKnKoTEs* 


II 





a 
YIIEP TOY STPATIOTOY. 19 


” a Wert e / + > Py 5 /, 
ovTe yap evOvvas brrécxov, oUTE eis SukacTHpLoY 
> , \ 4 te 4, / 
eicehOovtes TA TpaxOévTa Wijdw Kvpia Karté- 
otncav. ei 8 ov é&nuiwoay pev olde Tpoon- 
KovT@s, exvpwoav & év dyiv tiv ériBorHv, TOV 
Tap.av adévtav eiKoTws av ToD éyKAHpaTos 65 
> , ” > X \ / 5 
12 dm@nAXaypévos elnv. eb pev yap KUpLoL Hoav 
Mh xX > an bNG b] / \ 
mpdtacOar 7 adeivat, ovd évvopws fnpiwlels 
> / x ” > > y” \ ta a 
evrAdyas adv wetrov: ef O eEeots pev avtois 
> ta) rd \ > if ¢ \ ® x / 
adeivat, Sidoacr dé evOuvas irrép av av Siayerpi- 
Coow, ef Te NOLKHKACL, THS TpocnKovons padlas 
Stans TevEovTar. 


70 


~ 


§ 4. The real reason of their persecution was my friend- 
ship with Sostratus, a friendship which I never abused to 
serve my private ends. This was the origin of the 
trumped-up charge of “ speaking evil of magistrates,” 
which shows equal contempt for the people and for justice. 

13, ‘Qe pév tpdr@ mapeddoOnv Kal é&nproOnp, 
érictacbe: Sei S tpyas pur) povov Tod éyKAHpaTosS 
Thy aitiay adda Kal Ths ExOpas THY Tpodaciy 
eldévat. Lwootpato yap Pidros éyevounv mpoTepov 75 
pev Ths TovT@Y exOpas, eidws Sێ rept Tiy TodLv 

14 aEtov Adyou yeyevnpévov. yvepipos SE yevopevos 
dua THs éxeivov Suvactelas oT’ éyOpov éeTiywwpn- 
cdpnv ovte hirov evnpyéTnca: CavTos pév yap 
Sia THY avayKny Kal Sia Tiv ruKiav érxoralor, 80 
> / N XN , ” / ” ” 
éxdutrovtos Sé€ Tov Biov ovTE AOyw ovTE Epyw 
4 > / aA Lh ” \ \ 
éBrarra ovdéva THY KatTnyopotyTwr, éxyw Sé Kal 
TotavTa eitreiv, €& av @dheXoiunvy av Todd 
Sixasorepov bd Tov avTWikwr i) KaKGS TAO KOU. 

- 


OO 
Or 


S] 


qr 


100 


20 AYZIOY III [9] 


Ty pev ody dpyny Sia Ta Mpoeipnueva ouve- 
oTncavTo, Tpopdcews ovdeuias mpos eyOpav 
trapxovons. dudcavtes pev ody Tors aoTpaTed- 
Tous KatadéEew rapéBncav tods dpKous, mpov- 
Qecav S€ TH Trier Bovredcacbat ep Tod 
Twpatos, EnuwwcavTes pev Os THY apynv AoLbo- 
povvTa, KaTodywpyicavtes Sé ToD SuKatov, Bua- 
fowevor Bramrew é€& aravtos Aoyou: ti 8 av 
érpakav péddovTes peyada pev éeue Prd, 
moda 8 éavtovs @pedrnoev, oltiwes oddeTépov 
TOUT@OY UTAPXOVTOS TaVTA Trepl EAXATTOVOS TroLODV- 
Tat TOU adixov. GAA yap KaTeppovncay Tod 
tyetépou TAnGous, ode HoByOjvar tTodrs Oeodrs 
nEi@cav, adr otTas dduydpas Kal Tapavopas 
TpoonvéxOnaav, @oTEe aTrodoyjcacbat pev Trepl 


_ 


5 


6 


-_ 


~ 


tL 


a la DUAL ee / \ \ 
TOV TeTpaypLévov ovd érexyelpnoayv, TO dé TEdev- 


tatov, vouilovtes ovy ikavas pe TeTysmphnobat, 
\ ih > n / > TA / r) Oé 
TO TWépas €k THS TONEWS €Enracav. / diaTEBEvTES 
/ 7 
dé ott Tapavoyas Kat PBiaiws, érixptrpacbat 
/ 
Thy adixiay Tepl oddevos ErroLTAaYTO, Tapayaryov- 


~ ne ra \ an P) lal) > / xa\ 
5 Tes O€ madi Tepl TOY aVTaV HOLKNKOTA jE OVOEV 


emidevKYUovTL Kal RoLdopovat, Tois pev pois 
emiTnoevpaciy ov Tpoankovaas SiaBoras ér- 
dépovtes, Tois S avTav Tporrois Tas oiKelas Kal 
ovvnbes. 


§ 5. Ldon’t so much complain of them: it 1s natural to 
do evil to one’s enemies. But I look for redress from you, 
and your determination not to let private enmity affect 
the administration of justice. On your decision depends 
my being able to remain in the city. 


ae YIIEP TOY STPATIOTOY. 21 


19 lowe pev ow éx Tavtos tpotov mpobv- 110 
powrai pe TH Sixn arava: tpyeis SE pyre 
tais tovtav SiaBorais éerapOévtes euov Kata-- 
wndioncle, pyre tovs Bédtiov Kai Sixaiws 
BovXevoapévous axipous KatactTnonte. ode pev 
yap Gmavta kal cata Tovs vopous Kal Kata TO 115 
eixds Erpatay, cai ndicnxotes pev ovdev paivortat, 

— Royor Sé wreiotov tov Sixaiov Toinodpevot. 

20 TovT@Y pev oty adixovvTey petpins av ryyavae- 
Touv, HryoUpevos TeTaYOas TOs pev ExOpovs KaK@s 
mow, Tors Sé€ dirous ev: Tap tyov sé tod 120 
Sixaiov atepnGels word Gv padrov rAuTnGeinr. 
be éxOpav pév yap ov S0fw Kxaxas rerovOévat, 

21 6a 4axiay Sé Tis Todews.” Royo pev ob 
mept THS aToypadns aywvilopa, Epyw Sé epi - 
ToNtTEias. Tvyev pev yap Tov Sixaiwy (mioctev@ 125 
dé TH byetépa yvopn) peivayu av ev TH TWOdE 
mapayGeis* S& id Tavde ci abdixws droiny, 
amoépainv av. tim yap émapOévra edride Set 
pe cuprodtevecGat, 7 Ti pe xpi) SiavonPérta, 
eidota pev Tav aytidixev tiv tpobvpiay, ato- 130 
powvta & dev ypy tev Sixaiwy twos Tvyxeiv ; 

22 Wept WAeictou ovv woinodpevot TO Sixasov, Kal 
évOupnOertes Gtt Kai tbrép Tav Tepidavar ad:- 
Knpatav ovyyvepny toeicbe, Tovs pndev aédt- 
xncavtas &¢ idias EyOpas py Tepiidnte adixws 135 
Tois peyictos atTvynpact TepiTecovtTas. 

2 Reiske, Battier, Scheibe crepnfira: vel éxreces addere 
volunt. Fortasse drtmuos elya:: ef. Orat. v. 150, hujus editionis. 


3 MS. xpaxGeis. Madvig vult ocrapaxGeis. Advers. Crit., 
p- 453. srapay@els ‘ adductus in judicium’: cf. Orat. vi. § 32. 


22 AYSIOY IV [10] 


ORATION IV. [10] 


FoR THE PROSECUTION, AGAINST 'THEOMNESTUS 
ON A CHARGE OF SLANDER. 


$1. Many of you were present when Theomnestus 
accused me of killing my father. For this slander I 
appeal to you to punish him. 
Maptipav pev ov amropiavy jor éoecOat 
A 9 ” / \ A € a 
S0x@, @ avdpes SiKactal: Toddovs yap tpav 
a a bs / 
op@ duxdlovtas TaY TOTE TrapovTaY, bte AvaiBeos 
/ / 
Ocduvynctov eianyysAXe Ta OTAA aTroBeBANKOTA, 
5 ov« é€ov avT@, Snunyopeiv: ev éexelvw yap TO 
fal > 
ayave Tov TatTépa pw ehacKev amrextovévat Tov 
E“avTov. éy@ 6, ed ev TOY EavTOD pe aTreKTOVEVAL 
HTLATO, TUyyVapuny av elyov avT@ TOV eipnuévav 
an \ IN \ > \ ” Cs UA ; 
(padrov yap avTo Kal ovdevos aEov Hyobpnv): 
n / 
10 ovS ef te GdXO TOV aTOppHTwY HKoVea, ovK AY 
a ; ue Ww 
émeEnNOov avtw (averevOepov yap Kal Riav 
/ s / / / 
PirodiKov eivar vouifo Kaxnyopias dixafecOar): 
“f a an 
. vuvt &€ aioxpov por eivar Soxet wep) Tod TaTpos, 
oUTw@ ToAXAOD akiouv yeyevnuévou Kal bpiv Kal TH 
fal / 
15 more, m2) Tyuwpnoacbas Tov TadT eipnKoTa. Kal 
a ie n INL 4 / , / 
Tap vpav eidévar Bovropat ToTEepov Swocer Sixny, 
ih , n 
} ToUT@ wove AOnvaiwv éEaipetov éote Kat Trovetv 
\ , \ \ Le 4 x , 
Kal NéyEelv Tapa TOUS Vo“ous O TL av BovrAnTaL. 


§ 2. I was only thirteen when my father was killed, . 
and I had every motive to wish him to live, for my elder 
brother seized his property, and as my guardian deprived 
me of all share wn tt. 


4 


KATA QOEOMNH&TOY. 23 


"Eyot ydp, ® avdpes~ Sixactai, én’ éore* 
rn is 
tpidxovta tpia, €E dtou & wpeis KaTedAndvOate 20 
eixooTov TouTi. gaivouar ovv TpioKaidexérns 
e rn 
av OTe 0 TaTHp UTO THY TpldKovTa aTéOvycKe. 

/ \ ” \ e / ” Sac ” 
tavTny 8 éxyov THY HArLKiav ovTEe Ti” éoTW 
oduyapyla Hrictayny, odte av éxeivp adiKovpé- 

25 , B pee \ \ 5) > > Oe. 25 
ve edvvaynv Bonbfcar. Kal pév 67 ovK opOas 
fal . an e 
Tov xpnudtov évexa ereBovrevoa ay avT@: oO 
\ 
yap mpecButepos aderdos Lavtradéwv aravta 
mapéraBe, Kal éritpoTrevoas tas TOY TAaTPOwD, 
atectépnoev, Bote Tod\A@Y Evexa, @ avopeES 
/ Pe 4 3e EN / a 
duxactai, mpoonké por avtov BovrecOar EFHv. 30 
avayKn wev ovv Tepl avtav pynoOjvat, ovdev dé Set 
fal / \ Pe J / ¢ ee 
TOANWY NOYor' oyedov éemlatacbe atravtes OTe 
? a ie cf \ / > an / 
adnO7 rAéyw. + Spwos dé papTupas avTov TrapéEopat. 


EVIDENCE OF ABOVE FACTS PUT IN. 


§ 3. My opponent will not controvert these facts, but will 
plead that what-he said was that I “killed” my father, 
whereas the law forbids one to call another a “ homicide.” 
But this quibble will not hold good, and in fact the terms 
he used are those employed in trials of murder in the 
Areopagus. And he himself once prosecuted Theon for 
saying of him that he “‘éppipévat tiv dowida,” though 
in the law the word used is “ éroBeBAynKEvat.” 

“Iows Toivuv, @ avdpes Sixactai, wept TovT@v 

\ TY: > / > a \ \ c an 
fev ovodev aTONOYNTETAL, Epet Ys Tpos. veas 35 
dimep éroApa réyeww Kal mpds Tov SiaiTnTHVY, ws 
ovK éoTt TOY aToppyHTwv, édy Tis elmn TOV 
matépa amextovévat’ Tov yap vow“ov od TadT 

1 ésrc ego dedi. Al. eicl. 
2 MSS. of?’ ef 2orw. Madv. et alii correxerunt. 


40 


aw 
or 


Qn 
Or 


60 


24 AYZIOY IV [10] 

amayopevetv, ANN avdpopovov ovdK édv Déyeuv. 

éyo 3S olpat Seiv buds, @ avdpes Sixactal, od 
\ an > cde / b \ a PL 

TEpl TOV OvomaTw diadéperOat GdAAA THS TOUT@Y 


/ \ vA 2O7 e 4 > / , 
dtavolas, Kal TAVTAS ELOEVAL OTL, OOOL ATEKTOVAGL 


\ > / a > | n > N fod 
Twas, Kal avdpopovo. TaV ad’Tav eiat, Kal Scot 
/ > / \ 
avdpopovot eit, Kal amexTovaci Tivas. Tor 

> a if Dif: 
yap av épyov Av TO vopobéTn aTravTa TA dvomaTa 
on 4 A SF EN, a y > \ \ 
ypadev, Oca THv avtTiny dvvamw exer: GAA Tept 
‘ \ / 

évos elT@v Tepl TavTwv édij\ocev. ov yap 


7 5 , > / , , ” 
dntrov, @ Ocouvnote, e¢ péev Tis o elo Tat- 


parolav i) untparolav, n€lovs av adtov odreiv 
\ fal 

cou OiKny, et dé TIS ElrOL WS THY TEKOdCaY 4) TOV 

5) x an 

picavta etuTTes, @ov av avTov alnmuov Seiv 
n / / t 

eivat @s ovdév TOV ATroppHTwV ElpnKoTAa. Hdéws 

a x 

yap av cov muOolunv (aepl todTo yap Sewos 

el Kal wewedeTnKas Kal Troveiy Kal réyewv): et Tis 
” en \ > / > xX a / ” 

ge eirot pipar Thy aorida, év dé TH vom elpyTo, 
Dus / ; 5) , coe > 

édv tis hacky drroBeBAyxevat, vTodtkov elvat, 

r / BA 

OUK av edued fou auT@, GAN éEnpKer av cot 

Qs ft 3 

Eppupévar TY aomloa réyovTe “ ovdEéV pot une 

ovbé yap TO avTO éoTe pirat Kal er oBeBrnnevar 5, aT 

GN od dv tov &vdexa yevopevos arrodé£ato, 

el Tis aTrayot TWA HacKkav Ootpatiov aTrobdedva Oat 

: , VA 5) x \ 

} Tov xiTwVviacKoy ExdedvcOaL, GAN adeins av Tov 

avTov tpotov, OTe o¥ Awrrod’Tns dvomaberat. 

ovd et tis Taida éEayayov dAndbein, odK av 

paoKors avTov dvdpamosiarny elval, elarep hax 

TOLS ovepacw, anna. pay “TOUS _Spryots TOV voov 

mpocéees, av Evexd Ta dvopata Tavtes TiOevTat. 


3 MS. ovdéy cor wéXec. Correxit Scheibe. 


ce 


KATA GEOMNHSTOY: 2 | ‘ 


1”"Ert Toivuy oxKé €, @ avdpes Stxactai- 


12 


evreci yap pes Soxci iro pabupias cai paraxias 
evs cis “Apevey mayer avaSeinxevar. wavTes 70 
yap ewictacbe Gti &y éxcive TO yopiv, Gtav Tas 
rev devev Sixas Sixadlwvra, ov Sia Tevrov Tev 
> £ x Ls ~ 2 % > 
q@epates tas Siapecias Teetytai, adda Ss 
ourep €y@ KaK@s aknxea- @ pev yap Sioxev 
€ x f € * LA e 2 
@s Extevve SteuvuTat, @ S€ gdevyav as evK 
Extewvev. vxeiy aterey ay cin [adeiva:|* tev 
Sefarta xteivas ddcKorvta avépodovor. civas, Gtt 
Oo Stoxwr, Os Exteive, Tov hevyorta Si@pocaro. 
f % ar. Ld = & ~ Ld % 
Ti yap Taira, wv outos €pei, Suadepe; Kai 
> x . Ld 4 “4s Léa > L4 
autos pev Géwvs xaxnyopias édixac@ ciwovtt ce 8@ 
> LA A ? Ls if x x -~ 
éppidevat THv aowida. Kaitos wepi pev Tov 
en PA! > ~ Ld »” 2% £ y 
pivras ovdey ev To vopw eipnrat, cay Sé Tis cizy 
2 Ld * > Ld 3 
avoReBrnxévat THY aowiba, TevTaxocias Spaypas 
Odeinew Kedevet.f ove ow Seivov, ei Grav pev 
dey cé Kax@s axovcay7a Tous éxOpous Tipewpeic- 85 
Gaz, otTw TOUS vOopoUS GoTEp eyo viv NapSavey, 
Gray & Erepoy Tapa Tots vopous cimys Kaxas, 
ove aktois Sovvas Sienyf worepoy ottas ov 
Sexvos ei GoTe, Gras Gv BovrAy, oles 7 ci ypnobas 


m=] 
wt 


< = f - 
TOis vOpols,  TocoUTOY Suvacat wWaTE OvVdETOTE IO 


* , x -~ * 
olet TOUS adiKoUpevous UFO cov Tipwpias TeEv- 


14 EecOaz ;! cit’ ove aicyury ottas avorjtas éia- 


a ea > > 2 . , . , 
Keipevos, @aTE ovK EF @Y EW TEeTOinxas THY Tour, 
GX’ €& wv adtxav ov ddd@xas Sixny, oie Seiv 
wAeovexteiy ; Kai pot avayvabs tov vopor. 9 


or 


* dgeiva: hic ponere. vult Scheibe. AL érogeyew post creax 
interponunt. 


26 AYSIOY IV [10] 


LAW PUT IN, WHICH MAKES THE ACCUSATION OF 
THROWING AWAY ONE’S SHIELD SLANDER. 


§ 4. I will now quote old laws still in force though the 
actual expressions are obsolete and not in use. 
? \ / 3 BY / Ces \ 
Eyo totvuv, ® avdpes Sixactal, buds pév 
TavtTas eidévar yryodpas bre éyw pev OpOds Aéyo, 
TOUTOY € OUTw oKaLOV Elvat BaTE Ov SivacbaL 
rn AX , / i Riek x 
padety Ta Dreyoueva.  PBovrAouar odv avTov Kal 
100 é& érépwv vopwv rept tovTav SiddEat, av Tes 
aXe viv ert Tob ryaros matdevOn Kal TO NowTrOV 
piv ft) mrapexy Tpaypara. Kai poe avayvobe 
TOUTOUS TOUS VOMoUS TOS YONwVOS TOUS TadaLots. 
NOMO®S. AB#AEZOAI A’ EN THI IOAOKAKKHI 


105‘HMEPAS IIENTE TON TIOAA, EAN IIPOSTIMHSHI ‘H 
HATATA. 


‘H IOAOKAKKH tavro éotw, ® Qcopvyore, d 

vov Kadeirar év TO EtAw SedécOa. ef odv O 

deBels eFeAOov ev tats edOivais Tov &dexa 

110 Katnyopoin Ott odK év TH MOAOKAKKHI €Sé8eTo 

aN év TH Etre, odK dv HLOLov adTov voplforer ; 
Aéye érepov vopov. 

NOMOS. ’EEIrraN A’ EMIOPKHEANTA TON 
ATIOAAQ AEAIOTA AE AIKHS ‘ENEKA APASKAZEIN, 
115 Todro 7d EMIOPKHSANTA ouocavTa éott, TO dé 
APAZKAZEIN, 6 viv dmodwdpacKew dvouafouer. 


“OSTI= AE AIIAAEI THI OTPAI, ENAON TOT KAEII- 
TOT ONTOZ. 


To AIIAAEIN TO amoxkdelew vouitetar, Kal 
120 undeév dia TodTO Svadépov. 


_ 


7 


2 


KATA OEOMNHSTOY. 27 


18 TO APIYPION ZTASIMON EINAI E® ‘OMOZQI AN 
BOTAHTAI ‘0 AANEIZQN. 


To 2TAZIMON todTO éotw, @ BértLCTE, od Cvyo 
ictdvat ada TOKov TpaTTEec bat OTrdcov av BovrAn- 
tat. Eravayvobe trouvtoul Tob vowou TO TeNeUTa‘ov. 125 
ro  ‘@ZAI AE MESASMENOQS MOAOYNTAI, 

‘Kal 

OIKHOZ KAI AOTAHS THN BAABHN EINAI O®EI- 

AKIN. é 


3.) fal 
IIpocéyete Tov vodtv. TO pév MESAZMENQE 130 ~ 
éotl gavepas, MOAEIZEAI Sé Badifew, Td dé 
OIKHOS Oepdrrovtosyy ToAda O€ TovadTa Kal adra 
> / 8 ” / b] ’ > A cal 
20 €oTiv, @ avdpes Sixactal. ad ei pn aLdnpods 
4: / 
éoTiv, olowat avTov évvovy yeyovévar OTL TA peVv 
A > Ve 3 rn \ th lal 
TPayLaTa TAVTA EoTL VUY TE Kal Taal, TOY 135 
dé dvouadtav éviows ov Tots avtois ypapeba viv 
/ 
TE Kal TpOTEpoV. 


§ 5. He will probably confess his defeat by his silence. 
But if not, consider how much more serious to me it is to 
be condemned of parricide, as I shall be of I lose this suit, 
than to him to have been convicted of throwing away his 
shield : and yet he obtained satisfaction for that charge. 
Besides, the untruth of the charge against me is patent ; 

_and the cruelty of the charge is enhanced by the eminent 
and patriotic character of my father, contrasted with 
the notorious cowardice of my assailant. 


Snrocet Sé+ otynoetar yap atiov amd Tod 
, a > \ , , eon 3 
a1 Bnwatos owwmyn. ef O& pn, Séouar byov, @ 
dvdpes Sixactai, Ta Sixata Whdicacbar, évOv- 140 
% a / n 
peoupévous 6Tt TOAD peilov KaKov éoTiv aKodcai 
Twa Tov Tatépa amrextovévat 7 THY aarrida 


145 


150 


155 


160 


165 


170 


28 AYSIOY IV [10] 


> A \ lal B) 
drroBePdnecevan. eyo ryooy deFalpny av mTacas 
Tas dor ibas cppupevar 7 7] Toate yveounv exew 
mepl TOV TaTépa. ovTOS ovV evoxos pev dv TH 
aitig, EXaTToVvos Sé ovens ad’T@ THs cuudopas, 
? Cay fe J € n > rd \ 
ov povov up vuav nrEnOn, GAA Kal TOV pap- 
td a 
TupncavTa nTiuwaoev. éyw bé Ewpaxws pév éxeivo 
TOUTOV TroimoavTa 0 Kal tpeis tote, avTos Oé 
cacas Tv actrida, axnkows Sé otTws dvopov 
~ an na 
Kat Oewwov mpaypa, peylatns 5é ovans poe THS 
a > > / 4 > > \ 
cuupopas, ef atropevEerar, TovTm 8 ovdevos 
aflas, ef Kaknyopias ddXewceTat, ovK dpa Sixny 
n AN 
Tap avtov AnYouat; Tivos dvTos éewol pos 
a / 
bas eyxAnpatos ; moTepov Ste Sixalws aKHKoa ; 
arr’ ovd av avtol djcaite. adr StL BerTiov 
/ rn 
Kal ék Bedtiovev o dhetywv euod ; adr odd av 
avtos akiwocevev. adN Ste atroBeBANK@S TA 
ef / / a / > Bd 
éwra Sixadlopat KaKknyopias TO TwWOaVTL; AX 
¢ / A / 
OvY OUTOS O AOYOS ev TH TOAEL KATETKESATTAL. 
> / \ [4 / \ \ 3 / 
avapvncOnre b& OTL weyadrnv Kal Kadijy éxeivnv 
x > n , bo Ls ik z x J 
Swpeav avt@ Oedw@xate: év 4 Tis OVK av éEdNENoELE 
a / 
Avovictov, ToravTn pév cuppopa TEepiTETTT@KOTA, 
a / 
dvéipa && dpiotov év Tois Kuvdvvois yeyevnuévor, 
tf A 
anvvTa b& amo Tod SixacTnpiov EéyovTAa OTL 
Svotvxyectatny éxelvnv elnwev oTpateiav éoTpa- 
/ BJ 2 \ y e lal > S. € \ 
Tevpevol, ev 7) TOAKOL pev Huav amréBavory, oi Sé 
Y Nee er comet N fal > 4 
cocavTes Ta TAA UTO TOV aTroBadovTwY rfrev- 
rn a lal / 
Sopaptupiav éarwkact, Kpetttov dé Hv avT@ TOTE 
> a x ” > / 4 / a 
atroQavety 7 oilxad éovts TovavTn TYYN KpHo- 
/ n 
Oar; pn tolvuy axovtcavta Ocopynoctov KaKes 
\ VA a Sree / , \ 
Ta TpoonKkovTa édeeiTe, pnd vUBpifovTi Te Kat 


26 


KATA GSEOMNHSTOY. 29 


\ , 
héyovTL Tapa Tovs vopous cuyyvopuny ExerTe. 
A a > \ / 4 / s 
tis yap av éwol peifwv tavTns yévorto cupdopa, 
jept To.ovtov Tatpos ovTws aicypas aitias 175 

‘ > L4 a 4 \ > , 

27 GKNKOOTL; OS TOANGKLS pEV ETTPATIYNTE, TON- 
Rovs S€ nal Gdrovus Kivdtvous peF byav éexiwiv- 
yevoe* Kal oUTE TOis TroNEuioIs TO éxelvoU THpua 
itroyeipov eyéveTo, ouTe TOIs TWoriTais ovdepniav 

4 
momote wprev evOuvny, Etn S€ yeyovws éErta Kai 180 
" éEnwovta ev ddvyapyia b¢ etvovav Tod dperépo 
/, La PX a > bd > ~ P 2 
> a fal 
28 ™AaOous avébaver. ap akiov opyicOjvar TO 
2. . ” a /, e A > / 
elpnKote Kal Bonbijcat T@ Tatpl, @S Kal exevou 
a > / \ a 4 > 
KAK@S GKNKOOTOS ; Ti yap Gv TovVTOV ayLapoTeEpoY 
yévoito avTa, } TeOvdvar pév bTO ToV exOpar, 185 
Pn ” e \ cal / > a mS: 2 
aitiay § éyew bo Tav Taidwy avnpjcbar ;° ob 
ére Kal viv, @ dvdpes Sixacrai, OS apeTns Ta 
penpeta mpos Tots iperépors iepois * avaKeElTat, 
ta 8& TovTov Kal Tod TodTOV TaTpos THS KaKias 
Mpos Tois TOV TONELioV: ovTw cuudutos avtois 190 
e s 7 \ sf 2 ” / iA 

297) Sethia. Kal pev 67, @ avdpes Stkactal, bow 
peiLouvs eict Kal veaviat tas dweus, TocovTw 

cal > a ¥ /, > a X c-4 ca 

HarXov opyns afvot etoe Sjrov yap te Tots 
/ 

pev copace Sivavtat, Tas 5é Wuyas obK Eyovcw. 


§ 6. If he pleads that his words were spoken in the 
anger of a moment, I reply that the law does not recognise 
that excuse. And remember, that on gaining this suit 
really depends my being cleared of a charge of parricide. 

30 "Axovw 8 airtov, ® avdpes Suxactai, emi 195 
ToUTOV TOV NOYyoV Tpeyer Oat, @s opyiabeis cipnKe 


5 dyppijcba . . iepois addunt Scheibe et al. ex oratione [xi.] 
que>hujus epitome videtur esse. 


30 AYSIOY V [12] 


TAUTA “od papTupHnaayTos THY avTHY wapTupiaV 
Avovucio. tpyeis 8 evOvpeiobe, & dvdpes Sixacrtai, 
¢i ¢ - a 
OTL O vomobéTns oddemiay dpyn cuyyvepny Sibo- ° 
200 cuv, GAra Enucot Tov AEéyovTa, éav pH atodpaivy 
A bY > a \ 2 / PAS \ \ + 
as éotw adnOA Ta ecipnuéva. eyo Sé Sis Hd 
Tepl TovTov peuapTipynKa: ov yap Tw yOew STL 
n / a a 
duets Tovs pev idovtas Tyswpetcbe, Tots Sé a7ro- 
/ , »” \ \ 3 
BarXrovot avyyvepnv éxete. Llept peév ody 31 
205 rovTwy ovK 01d 6 Te Sel TrAELw Dréyewv: eyo O 
e a V4 ‘ / / > 
buav Séouat Katayndicacbar Ocopyyjctov, év- 
Oupovpévovs OTe ovK av yévotTo TovTou pelfov 
ayov po. vodv yap Siokw pev Kaxnyoplas, TH 
) 3 A 4 fd / n / a / 
& avtn Widow phovov hevyw Tov tatpos, 0s “ovos, 
210 érrevds) ~TayvoTta edoKypdcOnv, émeERNOov ois 
tpidxovta év Apelm Tayo. av peuynpuévot Kar 32 
éuol kal TO Twatpl BonOjcate Kal Tois vomors 
n a / 
Tois KELpévols Kab Tots OpKols ols OmapoxKare. 


@®RATION V. [12] 


FoR THE PROSECUTION ; AGAINST ERATOSTHENES, 
WHO HAD BEEN ONE OF THE THIRTY, FOR THE 
MURDER OF POLEMARCHUS. 


§ 1. Therews no want of matter for speech. Rather, there 
is too much for the time allowed me. My only fear is 
that from inexperience I may fail to do justice to the cause. 

Ovx dpfacbal pow Soxet amopov civa, @ 
avdpes Sixacral, Ths Katnyoplas, adda Tavcac Bat 
AéyovTs: TovadTa avTois TO péyeOos Kat TOTAyTa 


KATA EPATOZGENOY®. | 31 


To THIGOS elpyaorat, @oTe pnt av Yyevdouevoy 
Seworepa Tav imapyorrav KaTnyophcat, pyre 
» TaXNOH Bovdopevoy eitreiv Grravta SivacOat, GAN 
avayKn % Tov KaTHyopoy ametety 7 TOY ypovoY 
2émoumeiv. tovvavtiov Sé por Soxodpev Teicec Oat 
i) €V TO TPO TOD ypov@. TpoTEpoy ev yap ede 
Thy &yOpav tovs Kxatnyopourtas émidei~Eai, Aris 10 
ein mpos Tos evyovras: vuvi S& mapa Tav 
gevyovtav ypn TuvOdvecOas Fris Hv avtois mpos 
Thy Tow ExOpa, av® Srov Toaita éroOdynoav 
eis abriy eFapapr dvewv. ou pevrot @S ovK Exov 
oiKeias ExOpas Kal cuppopas Tous Aoyous motau- 15 
pa, aX’ as drag Todas agpGovias ovens imép 
Tov idtwv 4 irép tev Snpociov dpyitecOat. 

3 eyo pév-otv, @ avdpes Sixactal, obs’ éyuavtod- 
ma@mote ovTe aGAdOTpia Tpdypata mpdkas viv 
qvayKacpat UTO TOY yeyevnuévav TovTov Katn- 20 
yopeiv, @oTe Todddxis eis TodrAnv aOupiay 
KaTESTHDY, z» bia TH drretpiav dvatios cai 
. abuvatas t vrép TOD errr wai euavrob TV Karn- 
‘yopiay Toujoapat: * Spas S€ Tetpdcopar bpas 
€& apyis @s av Suvapa: 8 ehayiorwr Sida~ar. 25 


q 


§ 2. My family were setilers in Athens, and lived there 

'y and unmolested until the usurpation of the 

Thirty, who, on the instigation of Theognis and Pison, 
resolved to enrich their revenues by the murder and con- 
Jiscation of certain aliens. I and my brother were among 
the first victims. I managed to escape to Megara. But 
Polemarchus, my brother, was executed without trial, and 


1 rommooua, Codex x. 


32 AYSIOY V [12] 


all our goods were confiscated. Our fate was that of 
many others. 


hyis o& 

Oipuos matip Kédaros éreloOn pev td 4 
IlepuxAgous eis tavtTny thy yay adicécOa, ern 
 §é TprdeovTa @Knoe, Kal \ovdevl mTawTrOTE an 
jets ovTE eKelvos Sleny ovTE Cina duel ofr 

30 epdyoper GAN obTws @Kodpev Snptore KpaTouper bu 
OOTE pare eis TOUS aAXoUS éapaprdvew pare 
id TOV addwv adiKeto Oat. ered & of TpLd- 5 
KOVTa Tovnpot pev Kal guecopdyras ¢ dures els ua 
Nayar, apy KATECTNCADY, plicnovres? dé Xpava Tov © 
35 ddikav Kalapav Domes THY oNty Kal Tovs 
Nourrovs Torltas én dpeTnv Kab Sixacoobyny 
ctpaméc bal, TolavTa AéyovTes ov ToLvavTAa TroLEetY 
eTOAOV, WS ey Tepl TOV euavTod TpaTov eiTov 
Kal Tepl TOV DuETepwv avayvicaL Teipdcopat. 
40 Ocoyves yap kal Ilelowy Eheryov €v TOUS | TpedKovra 6 
TEepl TOV METOIKWY, WS Elev TLVESTTH TroMrei¢ | 
dx Oopevor KadMOTHY oop elyge mpobaciy. To? 
popeia Bat pev Soxelp, TO Se boy xenuariker as ; 
mdvrTws S€ THY Mev TOAD méveo Bas, Ty o apxiy 
45 SetoOar xpnuatov. Kal tovs axovovtas ov7 
Narerr as emetOox Groxravivad pev yap dvOpa- 
Tous \Tept OvSEVOS 1) myoovTo, AapBaverv dé xpipara « 
Tepl TONNOV ETrOLOvYTO. edogev obv adtots déxa 
ov) dapPeiv, TOUTE@Y dé dvo meV AS, iva avtois 7 
» 50 T pos TOUS laos atTroNoyia, @s ov Xpnearov 
Eveka Tabra _mémpaxtat, anra ouppéepovT a TH AC 
a - qronrela yeyévntat, WoTrEp TL TOV AAV edkbyos 4 
¢ metrounKores. |SuaraBortes Sé Tas oixias|éBddufov: 8 


KATA EPATOSOENOY*. 33 
a Pik sheep 


eye _ Bev Pee \éoTi@vTa KatéAaBov, ovs 
Pie. Meiowvd) pe mapabdidoac v> ot & 53 55 
Doe eis TO épjacmpioy, ehBovres Ta avépare a racks 
ameypadorto. eyo, S¢ Tleicwva ‘pev "peter ei 
hehe | pe oacat xpyyata RaBov- o & 
KEV, €§ TOAXNA ein. elroy — TaXartTov 


> dpyupiou | pire civ Souvas: @ 2%) cpohoynce 60° 
“) -raurg Toijgew. yriotdpny pev ow ore oure 
& Geods our dO pao vopiters Suws & ék tar 
mapovrer ed0Ket pot dvayxatoratov elvar wrist 
10 Tap autou NaBeiv. eed) de gpyogey cEadeay 
€auT@® Kai Tois Taicw erapaperes, AaBeov to 65 
tddartév pe cocew, cicedOwy cis To Sapatioy ~ 
7 «xiBwrov aodlprope: Neicav & airboperos - 
eigépyerat, cal ida@y Ta éovtTa Kade? TOY oaype- a 
Tov duo, cai 7a €v TH KIB@TO AaBetv exédeucev. 
rr ewer Oe ovy Scov opodoynea clyer, o dvopes 7 70 
Sixactai, adda tTpia TadavTa dpyupiou Kai Texpa- 
xog toys xutucnvois kai éxaTov sagssnors Kat 
) dpryepiov Téccapas, eSeou D edodia 
Hox Sobvas, o 8 a@yarncew HE edaceer, ei TO 
1zc@pa owow. / c£tovocr: & eyoi Kai Heicwy 75 
 émitvyydvee MndoBies te nai Mynoibeidns éx 
_ Tov épyactnpiov amiortes, Kal xataXapPavovet 
pos @ut Tals Gupas, kai epetacw orn Sadi- 
fomev- o & Edaccen cis tod adeAgdod Tov Epod, Pee 
iva wai ta ep exeivy TH oixia cxéipnta. (exeivoy 80 | f 
_ pev ovy éxédevov Babifew, epe S€ pe aitav 
‘33 axodovGeciv cis Aapvizwov. IWleicwv 5 apoc- 
 Abeav ou pot WapexedeveTo Kai @appeir, 
7) D 


ce 


of 










neo 


34 AYSIOY V [12] 


fo Phat OC) 5 
nE@v bal pa ~ vatada Bavoysy/ / a Goren” 


85 O<oyviv érépous puddrrovra: @ mapadovres ewe 
many BxovTO.|)_ (év TOLOUT@ & Bure por Ki- 
Suvevew cont, @s Cop ye émroBavetv vmdpxovros 

Lees _ dn. Ka ET aS» dé Adyvermoy, rE pos QUuTOV 14 
Dre rdOes: ‘ erurBev0s bev Lot turyydvers ov, HKa © 
90 ets Ty anv otKiav, ee 8 ovdév, Xpnpdreow/ 

& é&vexa ariMupan. vou. TADTA TAO Tao ovtt 


RO mpoduypor waplegan Ty TEAUTOV D Supine eis 


Thy éuinvy coTtnpiav. o 8 dmréaxero TAvTA 
Tomaoew.  €d0Ker & arto Redryop., eivas 
95 Ocoyvuy pono Chivas: nyelTo yap atav Toucew 
avtov, el Tis apyvpiov Sid0in. éxelvou bé d1a- 15 
A,  Aeyouevov Oeoryids (Gumespos yap dv étiyyavov 
as. oiwias, Kal poEeu Ore. —appilupos .¢ ein) edoxet 
Ce Hol ‘TavTn n metpacbat iGo oO ijvat evOupovpero) 6 OTL, 
100 éav pev rAa0a, cobrjcopat, € éav O€ Aj pde, Hryouunv 
pév, eb Beoywis ein TeTeLo LEVOS tro tod Aapvér- 
4+ ov xpipara. AaBeiv, ovdev HrTov apeOncecOar, 
ef dé pn, opolos avo0aveicOat. tadtTa Suavonbas re 16 
epevryor, éxetveov ert TH avrel@ Ovpa Thy puraxny 
105 TrOLOUHEVOY Tplav Oe Oupav ovaoay, as ev pe 
SceAOetv, atracat dvepypevar ETUXOV. depixcopevos 
dé eis “Apyévew Tov vavichapou éxetvoy méuTro 
els dou, aay Tept TOD adergpod- Heov dé 
eheyev a EparooGevys avrov év Th 066 ANaBav 
110 ets TO Seale Te) Nplov ays / Hee Kal éy@ rowadTa 17 
memuapévos Tihs émlobans! vuerds Suémdevoa 
Méyapase. Tloneudpyy > ,O& mapyyyethav ot 
TplaKovTa TO UT’ éxelvov eldicpévov Taparyryedpua, 


af KATA EPATOSGENOYS. 35 


rf aiveww medion mpl thy aitiay eiteiv 8v fvtwa 
. atoaveicbat: ottw Todndod édéqoe Kpt- 115 
18 Onvas Kal aToroyncacGat. Kal ered?) atredpépeTo 
€x TOU Seapwrnpiov TeOvews, Tpiav nyiv oiKxidy 
ovocav ovdeutas elacav "ebevey var, GNA KrioLOV 
pesdesrapevor ™p To avuTov. Kal ToAA@V 
ovT@V iva lov atrovow ovdey édocay eis THY 120 
Trapny, GAA TOV pret pev iparuov o 6é 
Ds peek sion, 6 o ev &dmKev 
19 € Is rhy dela zadbiv. Kal Exovres pev értako- 
cias acridas TOV TuETEepor, ExovTes: dé apryipiov 
me Ate” TOCOUTOD, Xadxov 6€ Kal KOT HOV oY Kant 125 
émitAa Kal ree, gjunarceia, éca obder@rmro € 
Gorse eriacbar, Kat avdpatroda elxoot Ka 
EXATOV, @V TA pev BérxtTic Ta éhaBov, ra 5é ova meas 
eis TO Snwocuov arredooay, eis TOoaUTHY aaha- desing 
ortav Kal aiayp p one sdeay adixovto Kai Tod 130 
porrbu ToD avTav dr oderEw €roujoavea> THS r 
yap _Honewdpyou yuvauxos xpueors ueriipas, © 
ods éxovea éruyyavev, OTe TO ) TpOTOv, HrOev Eis 
Thy oixiav Myre ftos, €x, TOV OTOY webetrero. 
oxal ovdé Kata TO eddxearov pépos THs, ovalas 135 


ergo’ Tap avTav étvyydvopev. GX’ ovTws eis 

nas dua Ta xphwata cpeeceraset Bees Gar a 

ay, érépot weyarov ddixnpareor | lépy v zyourey, / : ce 8 
: rovrey. akious ye dvtas TH TONE, GANA TaCaS 

Te Bs .xopantias xopmyicavras, mTodras © cid apa ey 
sic eveyxovTas, Kooplous 8 yas avTovs mapexov- oe 

ras Kal wav TO ™ poo Tar Topevov qoLovvTas, exOpov" 

y ovdéva Kextnuévous, Toddods 8 *AOnvalwv éx 










36 AYSIOY V [12] 


om OMEGA Such w { py tkeganiaas 
TW odewl@v eee TowvTaY nEiwoav 
> 145 (vy) opoiws peroucobyras dowep avTol érro- 
TEVOVTO. OUTOL YAP ToANOUS Mev TOV TOMTOD 21 
els TOUS TOAELLOUS cEfracav, mToAXrovs 8 adixas 
YAM AAs tes 
aT gnTElvarTes Larégous érroincav| ToAXovs © 
Siriuovs } OVTAaS ATimouUS THS TOAEWS KaTécTNCA)D, 
150 qroAA@y, dé Ouyarépas ~Guenrovcas €xdioc bau 
ves al fay A 
éx\voar. ves ae els TogouToy €loe TONS aguy- 22 
fat te 
pévor ac? Ugt O ITOHEVOL, | Kal eyoue ww) 
@s ovdéey KaKOV OVS aioxpov eipryacpevor elo lr 
eye So eBovrouny a av avtous 3 anf héyew* g ey" 
155 yep av Kat éuol TovTou raryabod ovK ndXierov 
Suc 
HEP OS. vov a ouTE ™ pos Thy TOMY AUTOLS TOL- 23 
WVydbrick eo 7 
avTa bmdpxet’ ovTE pos eye TOV adeApov yap 
pov, @amrep Kal Tpotepov eizrov, "Epatoabévns 
améxrewev ovTE avTos idla cca ouTe els 


160 THY TONY “Opa éapaprévovra, adda Fl Sayroy | 


en 
& Lk 


S 
a 


t 


rapavonia Tpolipas seetiiperay) y i 


§ 3. I will show by an examination oe Eratosthenes 
that he was the actual cause of our ill-treatment, though 
confessing that he thought it unjust. 


ea aig abole teh 
FT ee S&S  avrov Bobropae épé- | 
oUat, & BD dvdpes duxactal. - Toradrny yap Woopiiy 
évyo* ext ev 7 TOUTOU ro) rela ‘Kal Lp Os repo 

165 “Tepe. TOUTOY la éyer Bau doeBes elvas Om pikes 
eri 68 TH TOUTOV BrEBn Kal ™pos avrov rovrov” 
head Kal edoe Bes. dvd BnGt ovv pot Kal atro- 
Kpwat, 6 TL av GE epord. darpyaryes Tloné- 25, 
papyov 7) ob; Ta b1o Tév apydvTer mpo Taye 





KATA EPATOSOENOY2. 37 
Oévra Sedt@s eroiovv. “Hoa & ev ta Bovdev- 170 
Typie, OTe ot Dovyos eyivovto mwept nuav; “Hy. 


Sr | ad 
Tlorepov cuvarye .. Tos KeAEVOVTLW aTro- 


KTeivat Fj ‘Goteheyes = *AvréXeyov. "Iva pA, a7mo- , 


Bavepev; “Iva pn arn ‘Hyovpevos Suasr - 
2% adica wacyev  Sixaia; “Aédtxa. Eit, 175 
OXET € wavr@v, dvreneyes pev oi cacetas, 


cuvedap Saves S€ iva amoxteivais;* Kai 6rte 

pev TO ™riOos Tv Upev Kopi? vi TS cwTNpias 

TiS MBETEpas,, ¢ avrineyerv 7s Tots Bovhopevors 

mas atronécat, ered) S& éxi coi Hove eyeveTo 180 

kat ca@oa Ilodéyapyov xai Hn, eis TO beg, 

THpLOY aTITyaYES ; EBD é ore b LEV @s dys, avTErTav poet 

ovder @dednoas, afwis xpnates_vouikeabat, ore 

d€ ocvdAdA\aBov améxrevas. ovx oiee*® epot Kai 

Toutaiai Sovvat Sixny ; // aes 185 
§ 4. His plea that he spoke against our ill-treatment, 

and only acted under compulsion, will not hold. For, Ist, 

It cannot be allowed to one of the Thirty to plead that he 

was compelled by the Thirty to do as he did. 2dly, He 

could have easily allowed my brother to escape if he had 

wished it. 3dly, His only defence must be either that he 

did not arrest my brother, or did so justly. Your decision 

is anxiously waited for, and ts most important. 


MOL, x - 2s ee hill Sebo 
ovdée TovTO EiKOS aUTO TLTT EVE, Oy 
i TE @s avT@ 


¢ 

-\ ov yap én mov év Tois pEToiKoLS 2 > 

wiotw wap autov édXapfavov. “emei Tot- TO ~ 
Re et 






? dwoxreivaus Bekk conj. ; MSS. droxreivgs rel drocrebas. , “at 
3 ole: Madvig omitti vult. Adv. Crit., p. 175. | anal 


38 - AYSIOY ¥" [13] 


ue who 


~ on 
oe eis 7V Sater Sa cM ) OoTis avTEevTov 


195 


200 


205 


215 


e éruyyave xKal wapay * arrobedevypéves ; ; 
Tiva yap eixos iy Troy Tadta wbmnpeTiocar 
7 Tov avTeTovTa ois éxeivor €BovovTo apex: 
Ojvac ; “Ere 88 trois pev arrows ’AOnvaioss ‘cay 28 
pow Soxel mpodacis eivar TaV yeyerneveey eis 
TOUS TPLaKOVTG, dvaxpépewy THV aitiav: adrous dé 
TOUS ptioue Te, av eis opas\ avTovs aviapepoot, 
TOS bps elKos der o8éxeo Oa ; 3 et ev dp TUS i 29 
év TH TOAEL APY?) icxuportpa UTHS ‘td Hs avT@ 
mpocerarrero Tapa TO Sixatov avd amrous amron- 
ipa | eos av sikor@s, wore o ppvopny elyeTe: é 
vov dé 7 Tapa Tov mote Kab ipheaBe € Slieny, ‘elep 
eFeora Tols TpLadKovTA deyew éTe Ta UTO TOV 
Tptdxovra mpoarax evra émrolovy ; Kal pev 57 3 2 
ovK ey, TH oiKia an év es 060 HSS, TE adrov ‘ 


nn 


amiyayev. iets S88 wires opyliferbe, bcou eis 
Tas oixias HAOov Tas bperépas EnTnow ToLovpevot 
} twav } Tov vpetépwv Tivos. DE KORG 
Tots Sua tiv éavtov cwrnpiav éErépovs aTrodécacl™ 
ouyyvepuny éxew, éxelvors av ScxaroTepov eyouTe* 
kivduvos yap Hv TeupOeion pn EdOeiv Kal KaTa- . 
haBobow eFapvors yevér Bau. T@ O€ Eparo oPevss 
éEqv eimeiy OTe ovK amivrncen, Emevra) pa ov 
eldev' tadTa yap ovr edeyXov obte Bd (fei 
eiyev, OaoTe pnd W770 TOV exOpav Bovaopevar. 
olov 7 elvat éFereryy Sivan. xpiv o€ ce, & 32 


4 Scheibe ante yvapnv scripsit évaytiav. 
5 cuwtew re alrov . . . mapdv. Sauppius conj. pro oéforra 
avrov . .. , dv. feliciter. 


33 


34 


KATA EPATOSOENOY2. 39 
aoe by bur 
"Eparoadeves, elrep 00a XPNTTOS, a pa)Xov 
In RAW 
Tois pédXovow adixws arrobaveicbar pnvuTnv 


yevécBat 7) Tovs adixws drrohoupévous oudap- 220 


Bavew. _vov, 6€ gov Ta épya davepa yeyévntat 
ef fees 

ov @sS bifdrov aXX @s HPopevov Tols Bae (due 

Hevors, @OTE Ae cK 7 epyov xP fe HadXov 7) 

eK TOV Royer , Re VN br Bi ay & icace yeyern- 

Héva TOV TOTE 

€7reLo) pdprupas Tept avTav "aby otf olov TE % 

oxécOat. ob yap povor py mapelvat ouK En 

GAN ovdé Tap ‘avTols elvat, dor emt tovrous 

€oTl TavTa Ta KaKa eipyacpévors THY TOMY 


opévery re ote ap Bavovras, 225 


wavTa Tayaba mepl avTav déyewv. TOTO o pevror 230 


ou toe add’ 6 | Sboroya ¢ col, €l pee Gprepen. 





Pay Se “ré ay Tore 
Bou \A 
cae packoy aTréKTEWas Horeuapxov. 
Pépe on, ile epi Kal ader ol dvTes erbxere avTov 


35 


Ke 


Kal vieis 
Sixaoral, ‘EparoaGévny dvoiv Odrepov arrodetEat, 
} @S OvK tsaee avtov, ws Sixaiws Toor 


em pager. Zak Rey? 5 @pororynner abdixkws ocudXa- 
Bey, @ if abe viv thy Siaydiow mepl 


av 
érrotnoas ® CUVELTOV, Sob aN 


nN open? 


oa 


Page ts €; Oef ap, @ davdpes 235 


auTov erroinee. Kal pev 8 roddol Kal rev 240 


aorta Kat tov Eévov Aseugyy, lobe rive 
CAL ATA 
yepny mept TovTav é€ere. t pe iperépor 


évTes ToNirat _ Hadovres amriacw) 6 OTe 7 Sieny 


dacovew, @v av ébapud TOOL, 4 -mpakayres bev 


hn 7 if 
Lruynoarres 6 | tol tcov fopiv EEovoew: bco. b& 


§ éroincas, Ma. mwowjocas. Sic etiam Sauppius. 


ov, é ole TUpayvor TS TONEWS eqovTas, buc- (245 
a 


A 


40 AYSIOY V [12] 
staying in low, QU 
A b] d a 7 ‘ A IQ/ A; 
Eévou érrudnpovdow, eloovtat ToTEpoy adiKws TOUS 
, 2 ban oh ip piacere EY , 
TPLAKOVTA EKKNPUTTOUGLY EK TOV TONED 1) OLKALWS. 
> \ \ > \ ¢ lal = / QD! 
ei yap 61 avtTol of KaKas merovOores , AaBovres 
ae Jeinpa ew nO uf court, n Ske Ase: OUCAE OA 
250 adncovew, ) Tov ohas avTovs nynoovTaL Tepl- J 
, GAbs petal Serer AVEM SAA &, 7 > 5 6 ; 
épryous Oirep Uudy Toop av LvoUs. OUK Ovv devon 3 j 
et Tos mev TTpPATHYOUS, ob evikwY vavpayodvTes, 
Winky irr wae : 
OTe Oud YELwova.ovy oiol 7 Epacay Eivat Tors -~ 
na 2? yAs 
éx THS OadadtTns averécbat, Oavato étnulocarte, 
an a n ? n rr b 
255 nyovpevoe xpivas TH TOV. TeOvewT@V apETH Tap 
9: (6 / a wo) lal \ 
4 éxeivov diknv AaBetv, KOUTOvS S& of idv@Tat Liidak 
ot po eh we ees / ¢ : 
ovtes Ka oacov édvvayto éroincay , HTTHOhvaL 
a \ : / 
vavpaxovvTas, émreldy O€ Eis THY apXNV KaTéTTN- 
¢ an as bie rn nan 
oar, oporoyouaty EXOVTES TOANAOUS TOV TOALTOYV 
260 axpitovs aroKTivivat, opK apa xP avtovs Kal 
\ a (deer ve) 3 a a SiZYe / 
TOUS maidas ip tov |rais éoyardh Enuias 
Onac ve>: ey 
womiibec Bae ;) a Prol otk frearn stOA 
{ é { 
go 


a 


Y 
2 


§ 5. If he follows a very general custom of accused 
persons, and, without making a direct answer to the charges 
against him, appeals to his public services, you have only 
to contrast those services with the many disservices he has 
done the State. To show you the truth as to this, I will 
make certain statements about him, which I will confirm 
severally by evidence. alo 

"Ey® tolvuv, ® avodpes Sixacrai, Elovy 37— 
ikava eiva TA KaTNYopnuéva: péxpL *yap TovTOU 

265 vowite Xpivae KaTnyopelv ews av Oavatov So&n 
To hevyovte a&va eipydcOat: TavTny yap eoyaryy 
diknv Svvaueba trap aitav raBeiy. aT ovK 
018’ & re Set TOANA KaTNYopeiv ToLOVTwY avdpar, 


7 rynwpoumeévous, al. Typoumevous. 


KATA EPATOSOENOY2. 41 


\o? odd bmép évos éxdotov TOV Tem parywevev dis 

384 ee VEES, dienv Sobvat dvvawr av. ov yap 270 

én é r6iT0 aim Tp0g KEL Trothjoat, omep €v 
THOE TH crodet ciBicpevoy él, ™pos pev Ta 
Kam yopnueva pndév arronoyeio Oar, Trept Sé opav 
avTav erepa eyoures “wiote éararoow, opiv 
GTOSELKVUVTES OS TTPATLM@TAL ayaboi eicw, 4) ws 275 
TOAAAS TOV ToAELiov vais EaBov Tpinpapxn- 
CAVTES, 7) TONELS sala steayabas éroinzay} 

39 émel keXeveTe avTov amodei~a, OToU TocovTOUS 
TOV Trohepiov aTéxTelvav eaous, TOV TOTO, 7) 

vads Trou TocavuTas— édaBov 6 bag abtol mapépo- 280 

cay, 7 TOMY Aid Tia ToLauTny T POTEKTHTAVTO | 


4° olay Thy vpeTépay KaTedovwcayTo. an a “aap 


2 (= 


OTAa TeV TroNELioV doxtrevoay TocavTa Oca 

ep Spay apethovro 3 adda rely TOLaUTA elhoy Deak 
ola THs éauT@v mratpldos KATET KAD 3 3 oltwes 285 
Kal Ta wept tTHv “ATTiKIY $povpia “kaGeirov, Kal 

opiy ee 6Tt ovdé TOV Herpaca “Aaxedar- 
povicv Tpoorarrovr ay ie GX’ 67t éavTois 

THY apXNV, oUTw BeBatorépav fvoprtov elvat. 

ADO 

(1.) In the tume of the Four Hundred he deserted his 


ship when serving in the Hellespont, to join the aristo- 


cratic faction in Athens. . ppd ORitY 
Bae 


41 IloAXaKis ody eOavpaca,, THiS. ToAuns Tav 290 
eyovT@v dirép abtav, mY oTav ‘evBupn Od 6 OTe 
TOV aUT@VY éoTLV auTous ‘TE mavTa Ta KAKA 

42 épydter bar Kal ron TovovTous.,_¢ ETALVELV. OU 


AMAA IR 
yap viv Tp@Tov TO vpuetépo TrIjOet, Ta évavria 


prec tt a 


cr 


42 AYSIOY V [12] 
Ze 
295 empater, ara Kal err) TOV TETPAaKoTlwoy \év TO 
oTpatoTréow oduyapyiav Kabioras epeuryev ee 
‘EXAqarravrov Tpepapxos KaTaALTOD 7H wai, 
pera ‘Watpordéous Kal erépan, @v Ta évopara, oy 
ovdéy Séopac Réyerv. adixopevos 8é Sefpo 
300 tavavtia Tois PBovAopévors Snuoxpatiav eivat 


émpatte. Kal TovTov wapTupas vuiv mapéEomat. 


WITNESSES TO THE CoNDUCT OF ERATOSTHENES 
PREVIOUS TO THE BATTLE OF AUYGOSPOTAMI. 


(2.) He and Critias were two of the five who, after the 
disaster at gospotami, took the management of affairs into 


their hands, and acted in a spirit hostile to the democracy. 
t \l aS 


Tov pev tolvuv peace Bloy avzob mapnow" 43 
érretd7) éé 7 vavpaxia Kal 1 cuppopa TH Tones 
eyEVETO, Snpokparias & ett, ovaons, Bev Tis ofdoeas 
305 (pEav) mévte dvdpes. epopor KaTecTnoay | oro TOV 

KaRoupevov Eraipov, TVVAYOYELS LEV TOV TOMTOY, 
dpxovres dé TOV TUVEnLOTAY, Jevarria sé TO 
> = bwerepy mrapGer mparrovres: Ov "EparooBémms 
kat Kpitias joav. obtor 6&8 puddpyxous Te é7l 44 
\ \ / Niet / ~ 
310 tas hudakas KatéoTynoav, Kal 6 TL S€é0L YEtpoToveEl- 
cOat Kal ovativas xpeln apyew TrapiyyyedAov, Kal 
” ” vA / y, 9 
el TL ANNO TpaTTELV BovrouwTo, KuploL noav* 
e bg e \ a 4 fd > SS \ 
OUTWS OuX uTO TWY ides povovy adrAa Kal 
x tard toitwyv TodTav dvtTwv éweBovrevecbe bras 
315 par’ ayabov pnddv Wodicaicbe* rodd@v TE 
évdects éxecOe. todto yap Kal Hrictavto, Ott 45 


8 Yndloacbe. MSS. Yndifsncde vel pnplfecbe. 





Tr wre 


KATA EPATOS6ENOY%. 43 


GdXws pév ovy oloi Te Ecovtar Tepvyevécbat, 
Kaka@s 5 wpattTovTay SuvycovTat: Kat wpas 
HyouvTo + Tay TapovT@ay Kaxov emiOupovvtas 
aradrayhvat Tept TOV peAdYTWY oOvK EévOvp7)- 320 
46 cecOat. ws Toivuy Tav épopav éyéveTo, uapTUpas 
ipiv wapéEopat, od Tovs TOTE TUTpaTToOVTas (ov 
yap av Suvaipny), GAXa Tovs avToU "Epatoo- 
47 Oévous axovcavras. KaiTot €t écadppovovy,, ae 


ae * 


KATELAPTUPOUY | av aUuT@V, Kal TOUS bidaceddous 395°" 
eaar 


TOV ogerépov dpaprnparov opodp’ ay ko) hao V; 
Kal tTovs SpKous, Ef écodpévour, ovK av emt per 
Tos TOV ToNTaV KaKOls TiaTOUS evopustov, ert | 
x cal fol / > rf e f , « 
be Tots TiS “wohews ayabois padios mapéBawvov.- 
mpos pev ov TovTOUS TocavTa AEyw, Tos SE 330 
4 4 f . e Cal > tf 
pedptupds pot xkddet. Kai tyels avaBnre. 
Rees 
WITNESSES TO THE CONDUCT OF ERATOSTHENES 
IN HELPING TO ESTABLISH THE THIRTY. 


(3.) While in office among the Thirty, he did nothing 
to rebut the lying accusations of the informers Batrachus 
and Aischylides, though he knew them to be false. Thus 
he both held office ulegally and exercised it idee a 


48 Tov pev papripey dunxoare. To é eheedioe 
eis THY apynv Katactas ayalod pév ovdevds 
peréayer, G@Xrxwv SE Today. KalTot elrrep 7 
aviip dyabes, € expay av Tp@Tov hey ft) mapavowers : 335 
dpxew, éreita TH Bovhj pnveTny ryiverBat wept 
TOV cicayyedhtav aTracay, tt yevdeis elev, cal 
Bazpayos cai Aicyvriéns ob tadnOA pnviovew, 


44 AYSIOY V [12] 


GAG TH VTS TOY TpeaKovre wracbévTa ¢ic- 
a ua 
340 ayyéAXovor, duys i anager éml TH TOV TOMTOY 
BraBn. Kat pev 84, & avdpes SucacTap, t boot 49 
ff 3 n 
KAKOVOL HoaV TO vpETEpo wrIjOet, ovdey” edarrov 
“ & 
5 n 7 
Eiyov ovmmTavres ETEpoL yap Hoav oi AéyorTeEs 
Kal TpatTovTes @Y ody olov T Hv pelSo Kaka 
a i. ic f 
345 yevér Oar TH Tore. OTrocoL & edvoi hacwy eivat, 
n > 2 n 4 > if \ I 
Tas ovx évtav0a eervéav, adtot Te Ta BéEXTIOTA 
RéyovTes Kal Tos eEapaptdvovtas atroTpéTovTes ; 


: 


(4.) When the split occurred among the Thirty, he 
plainly showed that the course he took was prompted by 
no patriotic motives, but by jealousy of others who were 
more powerful or more successful in enriching them- 
selves. He made no overtures to the party at Phyle, but 
assisted to put to death three hundred citizens at Salamis 
and Eleusis, Nor when the anti-Critias party, of which 
he was one, obtained power, did they make any effort to 
come to terms with the loyalists in Peireeus, but invoked 
the aid of Sparta against them. All this is notorious, 
but I will call evidence to prove it. 

” hae. ” q 2. 1, ae b] {iY se rn 

Icws 8 dp éyou eizreiv OTe ededoiKxer, Kal bpav 50 
ToUTO éviows ikavov éortat. Sirws Tolvuy py 
/ ? aq Le a £ > / 
350 pavnceTat €v T@ doyo TOLS TPLAKOVTA EVAVTLOV- 
pevos eb O€ per}, EvtavOot SHros éoras Ste exeiva 
TE QUT@ Hpecke, Kal TocodToy edvvaTo WaTE 
évaytiovpevos pndev Kkaxov trabeiy br avtTav. 
xpi 8 avrov vrép TIS bperépas cwrnplas Tav- 
355 utd THY mpodypian exe, aXXa [1) viép Onpa- 
pévoUs, Os eis Upas TrOAAa eFiuapren. GXN’ 51 
ovTOS THY mev TOA eyOpay évoutev etvas, Tovs 
& dpetépous éxOpors irovs, ws auhorepa tadra 





KATA EPATOXGENOY%2. 45 


» Mera ~ , / \ X 
ret TOAAOLS §=TEKUNPLOLS Roper ne: Kat Tas 
™pos adAsphous Suagopas ovx vmep bpav ard 360 
vmép éauTOv yvyvopevas, oTrOTEpot TavTa ‘mpagover 
52 Kal Tis ToXews apkovcr. ei yap seep TOV 
adixovpévov éotacialov, Tov KadXLov av Hv avépit _> 
» a /- ‘ , 
apxovtt, 7 OpacvBovrov es Lg KATEIANDOTOS, 
Tor énideiEacGar Hv abou evvotav; o 8 avti 365 
TOU émarryethac bal T™ 7 mpatae ayaSov mpos 
Tous emt PurAyj, EAOov peta Tov ouvapxevTov 
eis Yaapiva kal *EXevoivade Tplaxocious TOV 
_TouTaV aTnyyaye eis TO SecuwTypiov, Kal pia + 
wWnde aitav atavrtwv Gavatov Kate Wndicato. 370 
; aes x x > X a ¥ \ e x 
sjemeron Sé eis Tov Tletpasa jOopev kal ai tapayat 
ryeyevnpevat Roav Kat mrept TOV Siadhayow oi 
Aovyou éyivovtTo, Todas EXaTEOL éd7ridas elyouev 
m™pos GAXHAoUS ExecOat ws aphorepot édeiEaper,” 
of pev yap éx Ileparms Kpeitrous ovtes elacay 375 
> A > al € + > » ” ’ ‘ 
54 autous atedOeiv: of dé eis TO Gotu éedXOGrTeEs TOUS 
\ ‘ > , \ ‘4 X 
pév TptdKovTa &¢Barov aha Deidw@vos Kat 
*Epatoc@évous, a BPX OWES dé Tovs éxeivots exBio-. 
TOUS ciNovTo, Trjovpevor étxaiws av tro Tov 
avuT@v Tovs TE TpldKovTa puceicGar Kai Tous €v 380 
~ -~ 4 , e 
55 Lletpacet Gireicbat. tovtTav toivyy Peidwy o 
TOV TpidKovta yevouevos Kat ‘ImmoKAis Kai 
> s e ‘ \ o e - 
Envyapns 0 Aaprtpevs kai Erepot of Soxovvtes 
- > s “4 - x s \ lel 
eivat evavtimtatot Xapixret wai Kpitia xai TH 
> , e , > AY > A > A > \ 
EXELVMY ETALPELa €TrELO7) QUTOL Ets ee ba Sk 385 
KaTéoTyoa, TOU pelo otTacw Kat 7 ohepov 
emt tovs év Tepascet trois €€ Goteos érotncay: 


° éSeitauer. al. Edectay. MSS. Edozas. 


390 


395 


400 


405 


410 


415 


Cag AYXIOY V [13] 


cea UG) 


\ an > 8 / 24 > € x fal ’ 
7 Kal pavepas éredeiEavto OTL ody bTEp THY ev 56 


Tlecpacet ovS’ irép tTav adikws aroddupEevOV 
> if bNS e lal > \ Ob 

éotacialov, oS of TeOvedtes adTovs édXUTrOUD, 
odd of péANovtTes atroPavetcbat, GAN ot peifov 


Suvdpevor kal Oacocov rAovtobvyTes. RAaBdvTeEs sy 


yap Tas apxas Kal THY TONW dusporépots e7roNé- 
Loup, TOs TE TPLdKOVTA TaYTA KaKa elpryacpévols 
n Z r 
Kal vuiv TavTa Kaka TeTrovOdc.. Kaito. TodTO 
n an i (v4 > \ > Qn = / BA 
maou Shrov Hv, OTL eb ev exetvor AdiKws Epevyor, 
n > n 
byeis Sixaiws, eb 8 tpets adixkws, of TpidkovTa 
lf > \ We iA »” ’ / if 

Sixaiwms: ov yap 67 étTépwv Epywv aitiav NaBovTes 
? an / 3¢/ > \ (A [4 

ek THS Toews e&ETreTov, GAAA TOVTM@V. WaOTE 

/ \ 
opodpa xpn opyikea Oar, OTe DeldSwv aipebels 
Upas SiadrdEau Kal rd oe hae TOV AVTOV epyev 
"EparooBéves pereiye Kal TH avTH YyvouN Todvs 
bev Kpeittovs avTav bv twas Kaxas Toveiv 
4 > e n Ay Ps / ae > b] / 
Erowpos HY, Uuiv O€ adikws hevyouow ovK HOéEANTEV 
rn , 

atrodobvat Thy TOA, GAN éAOwv Eis Aanedaipova 
érretOev aurTovs grpareves Gan, Sia Bdrrwv OTL 
Botwtav 1 TONS €oTAL, Kal GANA eyou ots @ETO 
meloew padiata. ov Suvdpevos dé ToUTwY TUYEID, 
elte Kal TOV lep@v eutrodw@y dvTaV elite Kal aUTOV 


> L ¢ \ s 2 / 7 € 
ov Bovropévwv, Exatov TddavTa édavelcato, iva 


éyor émixovpovs pucbodcbar. Kal Adoavdpov 

dpYovTa THTaTO, e’vovaTaTOY pev bvTa TH 
/ / n 

dduyapyla, KakovovaTatov é Ti TOdEL, picodVTA 


59 


dé adore Tous €v Tlespanei. picwadpevot 8é 6 


TavTas avGparrous er’ oheOpo THS Toews, Kal 
modes erdyovres, Kal TeNcevTOVTES AaKkeSatpovious 


10 5. Scheibe conj. ots. X. of. 





61 


KATA EPATOSOENOY%2. 47 


Kal TOV TUUpaywy oTOGoUsS édvvaYTO Teicat, ov 
Siarrdtar GAN atrodécat mapecnevdtoyro THY 
ToNev et a 80 avdpas ayabovs, ots duets onhacare 
mapa tov exOpav dixnv NaBovtes, 6tt Kal éxeivors 420 
xépw amod@cete. Tadta 6 érictacbe pev Kal 
adroi, kat oid btu ov Set paptupas mapacxer Gar: ) 

S. Coa eyo Te yap Séopas dvarravoac bat, t bpov 


T aM ae Howov @S TAEiaT@Y TOvS avTOS Aoyous 
axovety. 425 


WITNESSES AS TO THE CONDUCT OF ERATOSTHENES 
AFTER THE FALL OF CRITIAS. 
§ 6. But he intends, I hear, to rest his defence on the fact 


that he acted in connection with Theramenes, who, as 
head of the Moderate party, deserved well of you. How 


* far from the truth this 1s you will see if you consider 


62 


the part taken by Theramenes throughout our troubles. 
(1) He it was who was the chief agent in the former 
revolution and in establishing the Four Hundred, and 
only helped to break up their rule from personal 
jealousy ; (2) He, when blindly trusted by you after 
Aigospotami, really brought about the demolition of the 
walls, and the revolution and the interference of Lysander, 
and the establishment of the Thirty; (8) And finally, 
he was justly put to death by the Oligarchy to which he 
was unfaithful, as he might have been by the Democracy 
to which he had been equally false. 

The defendant then will gain nothing by sheltering 
himself under the name of Theramenes. 


@Dépe 5) Kal Tept Onpapévouvs ws av 
Sivopa. bia Bpayvtdtev Siddéo. Séouar & 
iuav axodoar vrép T eéwavtod Kal THs Toews. 
Kal pmdevi tovTo TapactH, ws ”Epatocbévous 


48 AYSIOY V [12] 


430 KivdvvevorTos 5, Onpapévous Karrnyope: muvOdvopan 
yap TadTa rroophreo au avTov, OTe éxelvo 
piros ap Kal TOV avTOV épryov HETELYE. KAlTOL 63 
cpodp’ av abrov oipar, pera OcproToKdéous TONL- 
TEVd|LEvOD, mpoamoveia Gat mparrew 67 ws otKoco- 

435 pnOjoeras Ta TELXN, OTOTE Kal peTa Onpapévous 
OT ws cabarpeOnoerar. ou yep peor SoKovow Ut icov 
Evo yeyevncOar oO HED yap Aaxedarpoviav 
GKOVT@OV OKOdO“NTEV ALTA, OUTOS b€ TOvs ToNiTAS 
éEatratnoas Kabecine. mepiéoTnKev odv TH TONEL 64 

440 rovvavtiov i) ws eiKos Hv. d&ov, wev yap Kat 
tovs didous Tols Onpauévous TpocaTrorwdrévat, 
mrnv el Tis eTUyXaVvEY exelv@ TavavTia TPaTTaV: 
viv d¢ op@ Tds Te ATroXOYias eis exeivov avadeEpo- 
pévas, Tos T éxelvp cuvovtas Tipadcbat Treipa- 

445 wévous, BaTrEep TOAA@Y ayabav aitiov adr od 
peyddov KaKOv yeyevnuévov. O39 TPOToV MEV 6s 
THs Tpotépas odvyapyias aitiwTaTtos éyéveTo, 
mTeloas mas THY él THY TETpaKociwy TroNLTELaV 
érécOar. Kal o pev TaThp ad’Tod TY TpoBovrA@P 

450 av tadr émrpattev, avtos b€ Soxdv evvotaTaTos 
civat Tois Tpdypace oTpaTnyos UT avTav npéOn. 
kal €ws peév TY“aTo, TiaTOV éavToV TrapEiyeV* 66 
érreto7) 5é Helcavdpov pév kal KdddXaroxpov Kat 
étépous é@pa mTpotépous avtod yivopévous, Td 

455 Sé bwétepov wAHOos odKéTe BovdAduevov TovTw@y 
dxpodc bat, TOT. 78n dud Te Tov ™pos éxelvous 
pOovov Kat Td Tap vpav déos peTéoxe TOV 
*Apiotoxpatous épyav. Bovropevos dé TO dpe 67 
Tép@ TAHOE SoKeiy TicTOs elvat Ayripdvra Kat 








KATA EPATOSCENAREO 29 


/ : fal 
’ApyeTrToXeLov Pirtatovs dvtas avTS KatnyopOr 460 
n 4 
amwéKTewvev, els TocToUTOV Sé KaKkias 7AOEV, WoTE 
dpa pev dia THY Tpdos éxelvous TicTWW vpas 
/ \ \ \ \ ¢ a \ 
Katedoviwcato, Sia Sé€ THY Tpos vas TovS 
\ a 
68 didous aTradece. TYyL@pevos b€ Kal TOV peylaToV 
b / Foss b] / , \ 
ak&tovpevos, avTos éTayyelhapevos cwaev THY 465 
TOMY AUTOS aTMAETE, HdoKwY TPayLa EvpHKevat 
/ oN nr ” Ls id N > if 
péya Kal toddod akvov. wmécyeTo Sé eipnvnyv 
/ 
mTouoew pnte Sunpa Sovs pte Ta Telyn KAVE@Y 
pnte Tas vads Tapadovs: tadta 6é eizeiy pev 
a : 7 
ovdevt nOéAncev, exédevoe, OE AUTO TioTeverv. 470 
6 ea dé Cee 8 ? A@ ~ , x 
9 bpets 5é, @ avdpes nvatol, TpaTTovens pmev 
ek Se / , a / 2 fied 
ths év Apeiw Tay Rovdijs cTwTNpLa, avTiNeyov- 
\ See , INA Lo faa 
tov dé ToAA@Y Onpapéver, eidoTes SE OTL of pe 
f > bY a / 4 ? / 
5 Gddot avOpwrrot TOV TOdEMIwY Evexev TaTTOPpNTA 
F nw n nm Lal 
moLouvTat, éxetvos © €v Tolls aUTOD TroAITaLs OK 475 
nOéAncev eitmeiy TadTA & Tpos ToOvs TrorELLoUS 
éwerrev épetv, buws éretpérate avTo tTatpida 
ye peiv, Suas émetp 6 mazpi 
‘ an rn \ ¢. an > / < 
7o Kal maidas Kal yuvaixas Kal bpas avtovs. oO 
dé ay péev trrécxeto ovdev erpakev, ottws Sé 
> , ¢ \ \ Ni 2) a , 
éveTeOvunto ws ¥pn piKpay Kai acbevh yevéo Oar 480 
/ a 
THV TOMY, WOTE TEPL WY OVSEls THTOTE OVTE TOV 
f 2 , ” fa) a yy 
Toreniov éuvncOn ovTe TOV TodLTaY HATICE, 
af e a M” na bY ig \ 
Tau? was erevce mpakat, ovy b7o Aaxedat- 
Le 
poviov avayKalomevos, GAN avTos éxeivols éray- 

/ a a n 
yedropuevos, Tod Te Iletpaids Ta Telyn Trepiereiv 485 
kal thv bTdpyovcay TodTElav KaTadical, ev 

\ a fal 
elds bt, ei un Tacoyv TOV éXTidwv aToaTEpN- 
Va a n 
Oncecbe, Taxyeiay Tap avTod Ty Tipwpiay 
ta] \ a 
71 KopetoGe, Kal TO TedevTAlov, ® avdpes SiKa- 
E 


———— 


50 = AYSIOY V [12] 


/ ’ / ” \ > / / 
490 otal, ov TpoTepov elace Thy ExxAnolay yevérOat, 
ty G / \ n 
€ws 0 Aeyomevos Um exelvou'’ Kaipos emypedos 
tm avtobd érnpynOn, Kal peteTréwrpato pev Tas 
\ a% / 8 a ? Ss / > » , be 
| petra Avodvdpov vads éx duo, éredjunoe 5é 
| a 4 fe 
TO TOV TON L@Y OTpaTOTredoV. TOTE O€ TOUTY 72 
e / \ / / \ 
495 urapyovtov, Kal mapovtwy Avaodvdpov Kat 
Piroydpous cai Mirtiddov, wept tis modtelas 
Tv éxkrAnolav érolovy, va pate pjtwp avTois 
pnoels évavtioiro pndé ameNol, tuels Te py) Ta 
n / 
TH TONE cuudépovta Edoicbe, adrAA TaxKelvoLs 
500 doxotvta Whdicaicbe. davactas 5& Onpapévns 73 
éxédXevoev vas TpidKkovta avdpacw émiTpéyrat 
\ / \ a / a A 
THY TOY, Kal TH TodTEla yphoOar Hv Apaxov- 
/ > / ¢€ an » | 4 \ ef 
tions amépawev. tpeis 8 Guws Kal ovTw 
Siaxe(wevor eOopuPeite ws ov TroujcovTes TadTa* 
> / er \ / \ / 
505 éywyvoxete yap OT Trepi Sovdelas Kal édevbepias 
Soe 5) ho 7 ehh ’ : Dy) , 
év éxeivn TH Hepa eEexrnodlete. Onpapévns 74 
bé, & dvdpes Stxacbal, (kai TovUT@Y tas adTods 
peaptupas tapéEowar) eimev Ste ovdév adT@ 
féXor TOD tyeTépou OopvBov, ézrevdi) TodNXOvs 
\ > id > / \ \ (4 / 
510 pev “AOnvaiwv eidein Tovs TA Opwora TpPaTTOVTAS 
€ a a \ / \ / 
avT@, Soxodvta 5é Avodvdpo kal Aaxedaipoviors 
Aéyou. pet? exeivov 5é Avcavdpos avactas ddra 


ve 


\ be So f ¢ a 4 
Te TONG Eire Kal OTL TapacToVdous tas Exot, 
Net > \ 13 eae ” > \ \ 
Kal OTL OV TEPL TOALTELAS UpLLY ETTAL AAA TEP 
/ ’ X / > a / 4 
515 owrnplas, eb ory TroujnoeD A Onpapévns Kerevet. 
fal f) > lal b] / ee ” > \ 
tov & év TH éxkrnola boot avdpes ayabol 75 
/ > \ 
Hoav, yvovTes THY TapacKevny Kal THY avayKny, 
of pev avTod pévovtes jovxylav jyov, ot é 


1 éxelvov, Pebewtbe Fel wv. 
ES, 


a 





KATA EPATOZSOENOY2. 51 


/ rn fal a 
@YOVTO amlovTes, TODTO yotv odhicw avTois 
/ e IO\ \ a s 2 / ; 
ouVELOOTES, OTL OVSEV KAKOV TH TONEL eyrndicayvto: 520 
> / / \ \ \ a / 
OrLyot 5é Tives Kal Trovnpol Kal KaKx@s Bovdevo- 


76 mevor TA TpocTayGévTa exeipoToVncay. Tapny- 


yéAneTo yap avtois Séxa pév ods Onpapévns 
> / rn / \ a e 
amrédecEe yetpotovncat, déxa Sé ods of KabecTn- 
/ a / 
KoTes Efopot Kerevorev, Séxa 8 €x THY TapoVvT@V: 525 
oUT@ yap THv wpetépay acbéveray E®paov Kal 
rn / 

Thy avTav Siva nTicTaVTO, BoTE TpPOTEpOV 


poecav Ta pédrovta ev TH exxrAnola TpayOijcec- 


77 


78 





a \ > ? \ a a bY \ 

Oat. tadta Sé ovKx éeuol Set mictedoat, adda 

> rd A \ \ es | > n > , > n 

éxelve’ TavTa yap Ta UT Eewod eipnuéva év TH 530 
Was 4 »”- > / \ a 

BovrAj atroroyovpevos Edeyev, ovedifav pév Tois 

4 4 3 > \ /- 3 \ 
ghevyouow, Ste dv avTov KatédOorev, ovdév hpov- 

/ if / \ ral fol 
TLCovT@V Aaxedaipovior, Avedifov dé Tois THS 
TonTelas petéyovow OTL TadvTwY THY TeTpay- 

rs , Pe e 
pévov Tois eipnuévois TpoTros wm €uod avTos 535 
altios yeyevnwévos ToLtovTwy TuyydvoL, Todas 
—? 5 ek ” Sed0 \ = SanlS / 
Tictes avtos épy@ Sedaxas Kal tap éxelvov 
dpkous eiAndas. Kal Tocov’Twy Kal éTépwr Ka- 
Kav Kal aicyp@v Kal Tddat Kal vewoTl Kal 
puxpov Kal peyaddov aitiou yeyevnuévov ToAmnH- 540 
covaw avtovs dirovs dvtas atrodaiver, ovy 
id ‘ * A 2 / Vf > > iy \ 
UTEP ULWV atoGavovtTos Onpapévovs GXX vUTrEp - 
THs avTOD Trovnpias, Kal Sixalws peév ev dduyapyia 
od, / ” \ > % lA / 
ixny Soxtos (70n yap avTnv Katéduce), dixaios 
& av év Snpoxpatia: Sis yap tas Kxatedovdrw- 545 

mmoxparia: Sis yap ipas - 

a \ an fal 
caTo, TOY pev TapovTwY KaTadpovav, Tav sé 

/ a fal 
arovToy émiOupav, Kal TH KadricT@ dvopmaTe 
xXpoOpevos SevvoTatav Epywv Si8doKanros KaTacTas. 


52 AY3IOY V [12] 


§ 7. So much for Theramenes. It is now your imperative 
duty to show no pity, but to punish his adherents, especi- 
ally Eratosthenes ; and yet Eratosthenes is in much better 
plight than the loyal citizens were whom he slew. They 
perished without fair trial, he enjoys the advantages of 
legal proceedings and an opportunity of self-defence. 
Besides, he can die but once,—an imadequate retaliation 
Jor the numerous murders and robberies in which he has 
taken part. He also, be sure, has a party at his back 
into which you must by his condemnation strike awe. 

IIepi ev totvuy Onpapévous ixava pol 79 

550 date Ta Katnyopnuévas Hees 8 tpiv éxeivos oO 
Kaipos, ev & Sel cuyyveunv Kal édeov pn elvar 
év tails bperépars yvopats, dra Tapa ’Epatoo- 
Oévous Kal Toev gTovTout cuvapyevTey  Stxeny 

a AaBetv, pndé payomwévous pmév Kpelrroys elval 

555 tov ‘Toveuiov, Wydifouévous S& Hrrovs Tov” 
exOparv. pnd ov eas pednew mpakew mrElw 80 
Xap avTots tote, Ov jemoinoay opyiferbe: 
pnd amovot pév Tois TpidKovTa emtBouhevere, 
mapovras © _ adits: ynde Ths rons, # 7) TOUTOUS 

560 mapéSwxe TH TOdEL, KAKLOV bpiv® avtots Bonbn-’ 

ante. Katnyopeite dé cal” trav Tovtou didror, 81 
ois Tas amonoylas avolce Kal pe? av adiTo 
TaDTAa TéTpaKTal. 6 MévTOL ayov ovK éE ioov 
TH Tore Kal Epatocbéve: obtos pev yap KaTi- 
yopos Kal Scxactis avTos Hv Tav yevopévar,”® 
jets 5€ vuvl eis KaTnyoplav Kal attoroyiav 
ee Karayopeire Be Kal. Sic Madv. Advers. Crit., p. 453. Schetbe 
karnyopnrat 5) ‘Eparoobévous cal. MSS. xarnyopetre dé Ep. xrh. 
ywoudvww. Reiskius et Scheibe xpwopérwr, quod eum 


dxplrovs, § 82, male jungitur. Num idem xpwédmevoe et Axprrot 
sunt ? 


or 
or) 
or 











KATA EPATOZOENOY2. 53 


‘ \ 2 \ \ OX b A 
82 Kalearaper./ Kal obTou pev Tods ovdév adtKovv- 
Tas dxplrous dm éereway, opel dé Tovs amroné- 
cavras THV TOMY KATA “Tov vowov akiodre Kplvew, 
map @v ovd ay tapavopws Bovdrdpuevor Sixnv 570 
fal / 
X ANapBdvew aklav tov adiucnudtov dv tiv rod 
b] / / / \ xX 4 / 
nouxnkace AdBote. Th yap av wabovtes Sixnv 
\ fal / / 
83 THY aflay einoay TOV Epywv SedwxKoTES ; TOTEPOV 
\ a a 
€l avTOUS amroKTeivol_Te Kal Tovs Taldas avToD, 
\ x a ex 
ixavny av Tob dhovov, diknv AdBorpev, Gv obToL 575 
mTatépas Kal vieis Kal adeApodvs axpitous arré- 
>? \ x > \ / \ \ 
KTELVAV 3 / ANNA Tee el Ta Ypnpata Ta pavepa 
fal / 
Snuevcarte, KaXGS dy eyou 7) TH TOrEL, Hs OvTOL ) 
TOAAA elANhacW, 7) Tois tov@Tats, @Y oiKlas 
$4 eLerropOncavy erred Tolvuy mavta TrovodyTes 580 
Oikny wap’ aitav otk av Sivatcbe AaBEiv, Tas 
\ n a al 
x ovK aiaypov byiv Kal HyTWwodbv aTroNTeEiV, HvTiWa 
u \ 4 aes A : em 
tus BovXo.To Tapa TovTwv AapBave ; Tay 5 —? 
dv por Soxet Torphnoa, dctis vuvi ody éTépwv 
évTav Tov SiKacTOY adr avTav TOY KaKas 585 
f / \ \ 
meTOVOOTMY, HKEL ATTONOYNTOMEVOS TposS avTOUS 
af a n 
TOUS papTupas Ths TovToV Trovnpias: ToooUTOV 
/ 
H Upov Katateppovnkey 7) ETépows TreTioTEUKED. 
85 ov adhotépav dEvov émipernOjvat, évOvjpovpévous 
ee et xX bd lal > ‘A n ¥ e / 
6tt ovT dy exeiva édvvavto Trovety pun ETépwv 590 
/ A a 
SULT PATTOVTwY OUT av VoV émexeipnoay &€dOetv 
\ \ r lal 4 
pn UTO TOV avTaV oldpevor cwONcETOaL, Of ov 
TOUTOLS HKovat Bon@xgovtes, GNA ryoupevor 
Tord adeiav ohlow érecOar TOV Trem parypevov 
Kal Tod NoLTOD Troveiy 6 TL av BovrwvTat, et TovS 595 
/ n 
Heylotov KaKxov aitious NaBovTes adieere. 


600 


605 


610 


54 AYZIOY V [12] 


§ 8. To those respectable men who plead for the defend- 
ants, I can only say I could wish that they had shown 
equal zeai to save the city from the tyrants. And to the 
witnesses in their favour I would say, that they show more 
courage in taking part against you all than they did 
when, for fear of Hratosthenes, they shrank from attend- 
ing the funerals of the proscribed. 

They say that Eratosthenes was the least criminal of 
the Thirty. But your verdict should rest on this principle, 
that you will declare openly now whether you approve of 
what has been done, or are determined to show your anger 
at it, and exact due punishment. 

"ANG Kal Tav EvvepotyT@v) avdtois aéELov 86 
Oavpdtew, ToTepov @s KaXol Kayabol aitncovTat, 
THY avTaV apeTHV TrElovos aklav aTodaivoyTes 
Ths ToUT@Y Tovnpias: éBovrAouNY pévT av avTods 
otTw Tpodvmous civas cole THY TOW, BoTEP 
ovToL aToddvvat % @s Sewvol Aéyety aToNOYN- 
covTat Kal Ta TovTwY Epya ToANOD aka aTo- 

la) > > > € \ id Lal > \ > lal 
gavodcw. adr ovy wUTép vuov ovdeis avTav 
ovdé Ta Sikata ToToTe érexeipnoey eEiTreiv. 
"ANXAG Tors paptupas aEvov ideiv, of TovToLs 87 
PapTupooVTES AUTO@V KaTNYopovat, ododpa éru- 
Anopovas Kal evHnOers voulfovTes buds eivar, et 
Sia pdv TO bpétepov TAHOos* adeds ayyodvrat 
Tovs tpidkovTa cacev, Sia Sé *Epatoobévny 
Kal Tovs cuvdpyovtas avTod Sewov jv Kal TOV 
TeOveatov er éexhopav édOeciv. Kaitou ovToL pév 88 

, 4 x / A , ? , 
owbévtes Tau av OUvaLWTO THY TOMY aTrONEcaL* 
> a / ‘A 2 nd Le / 
éxeivor Oé, ods ovUTOL aTw@AETAY, TENEUTHCTAVTES 


| 
M4 7) duerepov trios Dobr. et Scheib. Alii et MSS. roo 
buetépov m AnOous. | 





KATA EPATOZOENOY%2. 55 


fol A lal fal 
tov Biov wépas éyovor Ths Tapa Tav éxOpav 
Tyswplas. ovK ody Sewvov ef TOV pev adiKas 
TeOveatov of iow cuvaT@AdvYTO, avTois bé 
lal \ , > / / , eae) b] \ 
Tois THv Tod atodécacw Srov ew éxhopav 
i / a fal 
mornroi \HEovawv, oToTte BonOeiv TocovToL Tapa- 
8 / \ \ 87 LX 15 «¢ 18 e an 
9 oxevdlovTars% Kal pév 67 TOAD’? padzov 7yodpat 
eivas bTrép wv wpels ETdayEeTE avTELTELY, } UTEP 
@V OUTOL TETOLNKACLY dmohoynoac Gat. KALTOL 
eyouew OS "Eparoo Gevet ehayiora TOV TpLaKovTa 
KaKa cipyarrat, Kat dia TovTo avTov ak.ovcr 
cwOivar: ote 6€ TOV adXwv “ENAjHVOV THreicTa 
eis tuas eEnuapTnKev, ovK olovTar yphvat avTov 
My / e nan \ / 4 A 
90 atronécOar. tpets be SelEaTe Hv Tia yvounv 
éyeTe TEepl TOV TpayudTwv. El pev yap ToUTOU 
a a f \ (é a 
Kataynd.eicbe, dirou ErecOe) ws opyfopevor Tois 
mempaypévous* eb S€ atowndicicbe, opOjcecbe 
Lal nr oy Let 
Tov avTav épyav émiOupntal TovToIs GvTEs, Kal 
ovy e£ete Néyerw StL Ta tO THY TpLaKoVTA 
gi mpootayGévTa érroeite* vuvi pev yap ovdeis 
bpas avayxales Tapa THY KpeTépay yvoOpuny atro- 
wndiverOar. woTe cupBovrEVwH 7) TOUT@Y aTro- 
/ € an > lal , 
wndicapévous tyov aitav Katatrndicacbat. 
pnd olecOe KpvBdnv eivar thy >Wihdov: pavepav 
\ a / 
yap TH TOE. THY bweTépay yYvOuNv ToLnjceETe. 
§ 9. Finally, I appeal to you all, whether you were of 
the City party or the Peireus party. 
92 Bovrgouar Sé Oriya ExaTépovs avapvjcas 
tA 
KkataBaive, tovs te é& doteos Kal Tovs ék 
15 zodd\@ Scheibe. Al. rod MSS. nonnull. rodXol. 


620 


625 


630 


635 


640 


56 AYZIOY V [12] 


Ilepards, iva tas vpiv bua TovT@Y yeyevnpévas 
cuupopas tapadelypata eyovtes Thy Wwhpov 

— hépnte. 
(1.) If the first, remember that these men caused you to 


join in an unnatural and unprofitable war against your 
friends and relatives. 


n \ / 4 / 
Kal rp@tov pev boot €€ aoteos éote, cxépacbe 
4 N / , / ee 
645 OTe WTO TovTwY ovTwW ahodpa Hpyerbe, waTE 
nr c/s 
adergots Kal viéow Kal Toditats HnvayKaberbe 
n a / > e;e / \ \ 
TONELELY TOLOUTOY TOAELOV, EV @ NTTNOEVTES) MeV 
n / \ ” 4 / ? 
Tots viKnoaoL TO toov EexETE, ViKHoaVTEs & av 
/ , 
ToUToLs edovAEvETE. Kal TOUS Ldlous olKOUS OTOL 93 
650 pev dv x TOY TpayyaTwv peyddous éxTHCaPTO, 
na \ N \ / / 
bpeis dé dua TOY Tpos ANAHAOVS TOAEMOY éXaT- 
Tous éyeTe' cvvadedciobar pév yap vmas ovK 
> 
nElovv, cuvdiaBdrrcoba 8 HvayKalov, eis To- 
n € (2 / oe > lal > a 
covTov wTepowias EMOovTes BaTE ov TAY ayabav 
655 Kowovpevor) TicToUs Buds eKT@VYTO, aNAA TOV 
> n / ” wv 95 > ? 
dvELo@v peTadidovTes evVOUS @ovTO Elvat. avO 94 
e Cs an n ’ a / ” py Pie. 
@v vets viv év TO Oapparéw dvtes, Kal Soov 
dvvacbe, Kal Urép tua avTav Kal vrép TaV éK 
lal J. / 
Ileparas timpwpnoacbe, évOvynOevtes pév Ore 
x 7 
660 bro TovTwY TovnpoTadTwY dvTaV Hpyerbe, évOv- 
/ J a a 
pnOevtes S€ OTL peT avdpav viv aplotwy TroN- 
af an 
TeverOe Kal Tots modeulous payerOe Kal trepl 
an / / b / \ A 
Ths Todews BovrcverOe, avapyvnobévtes S5é TaV 
eTLKOUp@V, ods ovTOL diAaKas Ths oheTépas 
n an / 
665 apyhs Kal Ths twerépas Sovrelas eis THY aKpo- 
Tov KatéoTncav. Kal pos tuds pev ETL 95 
TONY OVT@Y eiTEly TOTADTA NEYO. 





KATA EPATOZOENOY2. 57 


(2.) If the latter, remember that by these men you were 
deprived of your arms : banished from the city - demanded 
back from the towns in which you had taken refuge: saw 
your friends dragged to slaughter from market-place and 
temple, forced to put an end to their own lives, and left 
unburied ; while those of you who escaped death wandered 
miserably from place to place, leaving wives and children 


in foreign lands, or in your own country grown more 
hostile than they. 


16 8 2 Tl a > aA \ a 
co. © &x Weipaids éote, Tp@Tov pév TOV 
er 2 / ef \ , by a 
étAwY avayynoOnte, OTL ToANaS payas EV TH 
GdroTpia paxecduevor oy bTO TOY TrorELlov 
b] > e \ 4 > / ” > / \ 
GAN bo TovT@V ElpnYNns ovons adnpéeOnTe Ta 
ef ” ag 7 2 / x > a / 
OmAa, Evel? ore eEexnpvyOnte pev ex THs TONEWS, 
iv tpiv of tatépes tapédocayv, devyovtas Sé 
n a / a 
bas éx TOV TOMEwY eENTOdVTO. av wy opyic- 
\ 4 7:3 > / > VE \ 
Onte pev wotrep OT edhevyeTe, avayvncOnte dé 
\ rn v fal aA / e b] > Qr 
Kal TOV GAAwv Kakov & TeTOVOaTEe UT avTaD, 
¢ \ an an \ a rn 
of Tous pev &x THs ayopas Tos 8 é€x TaV lepav 
3 
cuvapTavovtes Biaiws améxtewav, Tos S€ amo 
/ na 
Téxvav Kal yovéwy Kal yuvaikdv adédKovTes 
hovéas avTav nvadyKxacay yevéc Oat Kai ovde Taps 
rn / n \ 
Ths vopifouevns elacay Tvyeiv, iyovpevor THY 
a \ rn fal 
avTav apynv PeBavotépay civar THs Tapa TOV 
a / a \ \ s / 
97 Peay Tipwpias. door S& Tov Odvatov Sépvyor, 
n / / 
Tordayod Kivduvetcaytes Kal eis ToANAS TONELS 
/ , 
Travnbévtes Kal Tavtayobev éxxnpuTTomeEvol, 
évdecis GvTes THY EeTLTNSElwV, of pev ev TOAELIA 
/ si lal 
TH watpio. To’s Taidas KatadiTrovTes, of S ev 
, a a > / ” > \ 
Eévn yn, ToAA@V évavTiovpévwy iAOETE Eis TOV 
Tlepard. morrdgav Sé Kal peyddrov Kivdtvev 


670 


675 


680 


685 


58 AYSIOY V [12] 


4 {4 \ 
690 brapEdvtwv avdpes ayabol yevowevor Tovs meV 
\ 
nrevdepwoaate, Tos 8 eis THY TaTpida KaTn- 
yayete. ef 5& eSvaTtvyncate Kal TovTwY Hudp- 98 
TETE, AUTOL pev av SeloavTes eevyeTe 7) TAONTE 
an / 
TowadTa ola Kal TpoTepor, Kal ovT ap iepa ovTE 
\ e n 4 / \ x / re 
695 Bopol buds abdtxovpévous Sid Tovs TOvT@Y TPO- 
mous @dédncav, & Kal Tois adiKodat cwTHpLA 
fa id Oe nn) ic. an (v4 - ant 3 Oad 
yiverat’ of dé maides Dudv, dcoe pev évOdde 
93 ¢ \ 7 XN ¢ / e Ne ape eee BN / 
Hoav, UTO TovTaV av UBpifovTo, ot & emt Eévys 
LKp@V av eveka cuuBorai: 2SovNevoy Epnuia 
puKpe wBoraiwv édo pnetg 
700 Tv emiKoupnaoorvTwD. Ke df aentA- 


§ 10. The crimes of these men extend to innumerable 
particulars, and require not one only, but many accusers 
to expose them in detail. I have done my best. In the 
name of everything dear and sacred to you, condemn them. 


\ ~ 
"AAA yap ov Ta pédAXOVTA EcecOat Bov- 99 
th \ fi e \ if > 
Nomar REeyew, Ta TpaxGévtTa vTO TOUTwY Ov 
lal A. / 
Suvdpevos eitretv: ovbE yap évds KaTnyopov ovdé 
n ” >? 4 ) AY lal ee \ an 
Svoiv épyov éotiv, ANNA TOAAOV. Guws Sé Tis 
705 éufs mpoOuplas ovdev éddNEvTTTAL, UTrép TE TOV 
an e e / 
‘ep@v, & ovToL Ta pev amédovto Ta 8 ElatovTeEs 
nr / a 
éulawvov, UTép TE THs TONEWS, HV puLKpav éTrolov)?, 
trép Te THY vewplwv, & Kabeirov, Kal brép Tov 
TteOvewTov, ols tpets, ererdyn C@ow étrapivat ovK 
710 ndvvacbe, amo0avotct BonOyncate. oipat 8 100 
avTovs nyuav te axpodcbar Kal tpas eicecbar 
4) an / € te e \ x 
THY Wihpov epovtas, nyoupevous, ooor péev av 
TovTav amoyndioncbe, a’tav Odvatov Kata- 
an ee 8 XA : \ , PyA 
Wndicia ban, Ooo av Tapa TovTwy oiKnv 





KATA ATOPATOY. 59 


rAdBoow, trép adtdv Tas Tipmwpias memorn- 715 
an fg 
pévovs. Tlavcowar xatnyopdv. axnkdate, éwpa- 
/ 
kate, TeTrovOare, éxeTe. Suxatere. 


ORATION Vi.+ [13] + 


For THE Prosecution. AGAINST AGORATUS FOR 
HAVING CONSPIRED TO CAUSE THE DEATH OF 
DIONYSODORUS DURING THE USURPATION OF 
THE THIRTY. 


§ 1. Agoratus acted as an informer under the Thirty, 
and caused the death of many men, among others of Diony- 
sodorus, my relative by blood and marriage. My quarrel 
with him, therefore, is exactly yours. He has injured me 
personally, just as he has injured you all collectively. 

a IIpoojxe pév, @ dvdpes Stxactal, Twaow 

buiv Timwpev tTrép TeV avdpav ob améOavov 

etvot dvTEs TH TANOEL TH Kywetépw@, Tpoonxer Se 
\ DN 

Kapol ovy Kota: KndecTis yap pot Av Acovu- 

/ / i 

codwpos Kal davevrios. Tuyydves ody euol H 5 
VA fal 
aut eyOpa mpos *Ayopatov tovtovl Kal TO 
TAHOE TH tuetépm wrdpyovca: émpake yap 
na n , 
ovTos ToladTa, Ov & im éuod vuvl eEiKoTas 
n ¢ / c a XA x I /: 
floeiTat, vo Te vueov, av Oeos Oédy, StKaiws 
toe / \ \ N 
2 TyswpnOncetar. Acovucddwapov yap Tov KndectHv 10 
\ 71 ON LW Aes 2 ae \ eh as 
TOV €“OV Kal ETEpOUS TOAAOUS, MY On TA OVOMATA 
> / ” ” > \ \ s n 
axovcea Ge, avopas dvtas ayabovs Tept TO TAHOOS 
\ n 
TO wpétepov, érl TY TpLdKovTa aTréxTewWe, 


15 


20 


25 


60 : AYSIOY VI [13] 


AY ’ / VA 
nvuTns Kat éxeivwy yevouevos. moinoas Oé 
a a / 
tadta ewe pév dla Kal Exactov ToY TpoonkovT@V 

/ a na 
peyadra efnuiwoe, THv O€ TOY KOWR TacaY 
TOLOUT@Y aVSpAV aTroaTEpHaas ov puiKpa, @S eyo 
vouitw, éBrarev. eyo ovv, avdpes Sixactal, 3 
Sixatov Kal dovov Ayodmat eivar Kal éuol Kal 
bpiv adract TyswpeicOar Kal’ bcov ExacTos 
Svvatat: Kal Trowovct TadTa vopito tiv Kal 
mapa Gedy xal tap avOpérwv auewov av 
ylyvecOar. ' Sei S tas, @ avdpes ’AOnvaio, €& 
apyhs TOY Tpayyatwv amdvtTwv aKovoa, ty 4 

n n / a 
elonTe TMpOToOv pev © TpOTm duiv H SnpwoKpatia 
Uf \ (son Ie} ef + @ , € 
KaTervOn Kal vd’ Grov, érerta G TpOTM ot 
” ( te eo / > , \ \ 4 
avépes vm *“Ayopdtov améBavov, kal 6) 6 TL 
> J Ui > J A 
aToOvncKe pédNdoVTES ETETKN Wav: aTaVyTa 
a la) A 
yap tadta axpiBos av pabovtes Hdvoy Kal 
id A. 
octwtepov *Ayopdtov Toutovt Katarndifoice. 
d0ev obv pets Te padota SiddEowey cal vpel 
tyes Te pe fu pets 
UA > DO Oe ” 5 a fal 
pabnaoecbe, évted0ev viv apEouar Sunyeto Oar. 


§ 2. To understand the part played by Agoratus, we 
must recall the events of the revolution. Our fleet had 
been destroyed at Aigospotami ; the Spartan ships were 
in the Peireus ; negotiations for a peace were begun. 
The Spartan proposals were, “ Peace, if ten stades of the 
long walls were pulled down.” This was intolerable to 
the people. But Theramenes prevailed to have himself 
appointed ambassador with carte blanche. He went: 
stayed a long time, leaving the people all but starving: 
returned with still worse terms, “ All the long walls to be 
taken down, all ships to be surrendered, the wall of 
Peirceus to be taken down.” The oligarchical party saw 





KATA ATOPATOY. 61 


their chance ; they could get entire supremacy if certain 
men could be got rid of, who resisted these proposals, know- 
ing that they really meant a destruction of the democracy. 


fol / 
5 PEred) yap ai vhes ai tyérepar SiepOdpn- 
a / 
cay Kal Ta Tedypata év TH TONE acbevécTepa 
a / / a 
éyeyéevnTo, ov TOAAB ypovw votepov ai Te vijes 35 
at Aaxedaipoviwr éri tov Ieipara adixvodvtas, 
/ \ A 
Kal dua doyou pos Aaxedatpoviovs tTepl Tis 
/ 4 
6 elpnvns éyiyvovto. év S& TH Ypov@ To’T@ ot 
if A / 
Bovropevor vewtepa mpdywata év TH mTodet 
ylyverOar émreBotrevov, vopifovtes KaddAdMaTOV 40 
\ > / \ 4 > a / / 
Kalpov elAndevar Kal wadioTa ey T@® TOTE XKPOV@ 
/ € > \ > 4 
Ta Tpdypata, @s avTol nBovAovTo, KaTacTn- 
cacbaX rryovvto 5€é ovdév addXo odhicw EuTrodav 
a x 
eivat 7) Tovs To SHuov mpoecTnKOTas Kal Tovs 
otpatnyouvtas Kal takvapyodvtas.  Tovtous 45 
3 ? ve > f ? \ (A 
ovv éBovrovTo apwoyeTas éxtrod@v Troijcacbat, 
vf € / a / 4 lal 
iva padiws & BovrowTo SiatpattowTo. Tpa@Tov 
\ § a b Pema? 2 / / 
pev odv Krecodpavte éréPevto €x TpoTrou ToLovTov. 
dre yap » TpaTn éxxAnola Tepl THs eipHvys 
éyiyveto, Kal otf trapa Aaxedaipoviwy ‘Kovtes 50 
»- cad Kee id (4 > \ > -: a 
éreyou é’ ois Erouwor elev THY eipnvnv Troveic Bat 
/ a fal n 
Aaxedaipovior, e¢ KatacKkadpeln TOV TELYdoV TOV 
lal / an 
paxpov éml déxa orddia éExatépov, TOTE bpels Te, 
> »” ry °A@ a > Ty é fa] > Vi 
@ avopes nvaiot, ovk nvécxecOe axovcavtes - 
Tepl TOV TELYaV THS KaTacKadhs, Kreopav Te 55 
brép tuov TavTwV avacTas avTeitev ws ovder) 
/ al al fal na 
TpoT@ olov Te ein Tro“eiv TadTa. peta dé TadTA 
/ f 
Onpapévns, émiBovrevov TO TAHVEe TH vpetépo, 
> A: f is4 \ Sak cy, LY an 
avactas héyet OTL, €av auTov EdnoGe Tepl Tis 


~wI 


oo 


Oo 


62 AYZIOY VI [13] 


Pry. \ > / , ALD oer 
60 eipnuns mpecBevTny avToKpaTopa, TroincELY” WaTE 


a a a / / 
pnte TOV TeLyoav Svedeiy pte AAO TY TONY 
éXaTtTacat pndév: olotto dé Kal GAXO Te ayabov 

a / 
mapa Maxedaimoviwy TH Tore EevpHoecOat. TreL- 
/ \ G a ¢/- > tal \ 
aoOévtes Sé wvpets ethecOe Exeivov mpecRevTHV 
i a a A \ 
65 avtoxpatopa, dv Te TpoTépm ETEL oTpaTHYOV 
xetpotovnbévta amedokipacate, ov vopifovTes 
a ‘4 a 
evouv eival TSH TAGE TH tpeTépw. €xeEivos 
\ § \ > / ” > an 
bev ovv éd\Oov eis Aaxedaiwova Ewewev exer 
\ ld \ a 
TOAVY XpPOVOV, KATANLT@Y Lwas TOOpKoUpEVOUS, 
70 eldms TO tpuétepov WAHOos ev atropia éydopmevov 
\ . \ \ p rf : a Be \ p 4 x Me 4S 
\ 
Kal Ola TOV TONELOY Kal TH KAKA TOUS TrOANOUS 
a b4 / > a ” / ? / 
Tov émiTnodelov évdcets GvTas, vouifwv, et Svabeln 
a / / id 
bas atropws waorep SiéOnKev, dopévws oTroLav- 
a > an N > é jf € ’ 
tTiwobv eOedAnoar av elpnvnv tomcacba. ot 6 
75 évOd&e brropévovtes Kal érriuBourevovTes KaTANUCAL 
\ la) a a) 
Thv Onpoxpatiay eis ayava KrNeopovta xabiotact, 
/ \ de > i >? Ae. 3 
Tpopaci pev OTL ovK HOEY Eis TA OTA ava- 
/ \ > b \ 4 > a © \ 
Tavoopevos, TO S adrnNOés OTL avTEirev vTrEp 
bpav pwn KaOaipeity Ta Telyn. exelve pev odv 
VA 
80 ducacTnpiov TapacKkevdcavtTes Kal eloedOovTes 

/ / 

of BovAdpevor Oduyapxlav KaTacTHcacbat aTéK- 

a if \ 

Tewav ev” tH Tpohdcer TavTn. Onpapévns Sé 

rn / 
taotepov adixvettar éx Aakedaiwovos. mpoavovTes 
&§ avTé Tav Te oTpaTHYoOV TwWes Kal TOV Takl- 
/ 
85 dpywv, av tv XtpouBrxidns Kat Arovvaodwpos, 
2 N a a 5 ” ee Tera) 
KaL AANOL TIVES THY TOALT@V EVVOL OVTES” UpELY, 


1 roujoev. Al. rowjoet 

2 éy, al. éml, quod sepius in usu est. Alias autem (Andoc. 
30) Lysias scribit dus ev r@ adr@, sc. éyxA#uari, ‘fon the same 
charge.” 3 edvor bvres, Cobetus. MSS. edd. evvoodrres. 


—_ 


3 





14 


15 


16 


KATA ATOPATOY. 63 


4 > 29 4 e bf , , 
@s yf édnX\wcav UoTeEpov, iyavaxTovy oodpa. 
3 \ / gf: ) / 7 a e cal ” 
mrGe yap hépwv eipyjvnv To.avTny, iv hyels Epyo 
/ al cal 
pabovtes Eyvapev* Todos yap THY ToATOY 
\ > \ > / \ > \ Cd \ cal 
Kal ayaQovs amwrécapev, kal avtol tro TaV 90 
, be / Ss \ > \ \ fa) 
tTpidxovta e&nddOnuev. Fv yap avti pev Tod 
pox. , , a a As mh 
emt déxa otdbia TOV paKxpOv Tevryov Siedetv Ora 
XX \ / A > \ X lal »: 
Ta paxpa TELYN KaTacKkawal, avTi 6€ Tov aAXO 
lal / fo 
Te ayabov TH TONE etpécBat Tas TE VadS Tapa- 
dodvat tois Aaxedaipoviois Kat TO Tept Tov 95 
r r a ¢€ lal 
Tlepara reiyos mepiedeiv. opavtes S€ ovToL 
f avd SVOMATL [eV €1p7} Aeyouevny,t ro & 
ot dvdpes dvopart wey eipyvny Aeyouernv, TH 
‘A fe > b 4 
Epyo Thy Snuoxpatiay Katadvopeévny, ovK Epacay 
emitpéwar°” tadta yevérOa, ovK €édeodVTES, @ 
Mv > la \ / 3 tal Oy 
avdpes A@nvaiot, Ta TELYN, EL TETELTAL, ovde 100 
/ lal fal 
Kndopevot Tov vedv, e¢ Aaxedaipoviois tTapa- 
SoOncovta (ovdev yap avtois TovTwY TeElovy 7 
ral a , a 
bpav éxdot@ TpochKev), aA aicOopevor ex Tov 
lol / 
TpoTrov TovTov TO UpéTEpov TAGs KaTadvOnao- 
> oe , > > aA <- 
pevov, ovd (as gdaci Tives) ovK EémtOvpodyTes 105 
U 
eipnvny yiyvecOar, adda Bovropevor BerTio 
TauTns eipnyny TO SHu@ Tov “AOnvaiwv TroLn- 
3 / \ / \ v 
cacOa. evopifov b& duvycecOa, Kai érpatav 
x r 3 \ e b le | / A ey / 
av TavTa, et py UT “Ayopdtou TouvTovi at@XorTo. 


§ 3. Now Theramenes and his party, seeing many op- 


_posed to their schemes, determined so to embarrass them 


by accusations, as practically to get rid of them before 
the assembly was held to decide about the peace. They 


4 Neyoudvnv. Scheibe yevouérny. 

5 éxirpéyar. Al. éxitpévew. Vid. Goodwin, ‘‘ Moods and 
Tenses,” p. 33. Madv. [Adv., p. 164] hic et in multis aliis 
locis futurum legere jubet. 


64 AYSIOY VI [13] 


therefore got Agoratus into their service as spy, not 
because he knew the secrets of the Patriotic party (they 
were not likely to trust him with them), but because he 
seemed the sort of man for the work. They wished him 
to seem to give his information unwillingly, that he might 
be the more belveved. 
\ a : Ie 
110 Ivodts &8& tatta Onpayévns Kalb of addrrou 
[ eee J fe ( el) 4 Pea A (a 
ot émtBourevovTes bpiv, 6TL elot Ties of KwNU- 
covet Tov Onmoyv KaTarvOjvar Kal évavTL@coVTaL 
\ n 2 Uy x \ > / 
TeEpl THS érevbeplas, elXOVTO, Tply THY EKKANT LAV 
THY TEept THS eipnyns yevérOar, ToUTOUS TPBTOV 
115 eis StaBoras xal Kivddvvovs Katacticat, wa 
‘ > ale \ A? Je / / > is 
pendels Exel Umrép TOD UueTépou TAHOOUS aVTINEYOL. 
’ \ 5 vA b] vA / 
eTruBovrny ody ToLavTny éemtBovrEvovat. TeiGovat 
iY : a 
yap ‘Ayopatoy tovtovl pnvuTiy Kata TOV 
oTpaTnyav Kal Tov Takidpyov ryevérOar, ov 
/ n 
120 Evvedota éExeivous, @ avdpes >AOnvator, ovdév 
n / 3 
(od yap Snrov éxeivor oTws avonToL Hoav Kal 
BA ef \ Ue BY ie 
apirot, wWaoTe TEplL THALKOUTMVY av TpayLaToV 
/ 
mpattovtes “Ayopatoy @s micTOv Kal evvour, 
Sodrov Kal ék SovAwY OVTA, TapEeKdrecav), aN’ 
20 / > a & b / i 2 / 
125 édoxee avtois ovTos émuTHdevos elvas pnvuTis. 
> / 3 ” n 5 ees \ \ 
éBovXovto ovv akovta Soxeiv avTov Kal pn 
/ / a 
ExOVTA pnvUEew, ITws TioTOTEpa tpiv vrodal- 
VOLTO. 


§ 4. Ican show that his information, however, was 
voluntary. You must first bear in mind that the Boulé 
existing just before the Thirty was corrupt and disloyal, 
as you may see from the fact that most of its members were 
also members under the Thirty. So, by means of the 
Revolutionary party, Theocritus (a friend of Agoratus) 


KATA ATOPATOY. 65 


was introduced to the Boul, and said that he was cognisant 
of a plot, but could not, as he had taken the oath with 
them, give the names of the conspirators. 

If the Boulé had been loyal, it would have compelled 
him to give the names. They merely passed a decree for 
the arrest of Agoratus. The members charged with this 
business took Agoratus, but allowed him to go on bail. His 
sureties urged him to fly, and offered to go with him. He 
refused. He would never have done so, if he had not 
had full assurance of safety: for he ran the risk of being 
put to the torture to extract his evidence, and, being an 
alien, had no country to lose by flying,—neither of which 
motives applied to his sureties who yet wished to fly. He 
took sanctuary at Munychia, indeed ; but on a second 
decree being passed, voluntarily left it, and on coming into 
the senate denounced—no conspirators against the State, 
but his own sureties, and the taxiarchs and strategt, 
and other loyal citizens. This I will prove from his own 
mouth. 


e Mn CEN > | / \ e rn 3 3 a 
Os 88 Exov eunvuce, Kal pas olwar ex TaV 
/ > / 2 / 6 \ 
metpayyévov aic@ncecPar. éxréuTrovor” yap 130 
> \ ay \ XN la) / 7 
els THY BovANY THY TPO THY TpLaKovTa Boudevov- 
/ r 
gav, Qedxpitov Tov Tod ’EXadgootixrov KaXov- 
e , al a 
pevov' 0 S€ OeoKpiTos ovTos Etaipos hv TO 
> a 
20Ayopatw Kal érutydeos. 7 5é BovdA) % Tpo ToV 
7 ~ 
tTptaxovta PBovrevovca SiépOapto Kal orvyap- 135 
la > a , Ad ¥ / / 8 / 
xlas éreOvper, @s tote, wadicTa. TeKunpLov Oé* 
ot yap mondo’ é& éxeivns THs Boudris tiv totépav 
\: lal lol 
Bovrnv thy ert Tav Tpidxovta éBovrevov. TOD 
s ov fal / id an 7? Qa (4 \ 
évexa TavTa rAeyo bpiv; WwW eldnTe OTL TA 
/ \ / A a ’ 
wndbicpata ta €& éxelvys THs Bovdrs ovK ér 140 


6 éxréurover malim troréurove: cum Rauch. 
7 woddol. Scheibe scribit wool of. Immo 7ré», si corrigere 
velis, 





F 





66 AYSIOY VI [13] 


evvola TH bperépa GAN’ érl Katadvoet TOD Sijpov 
TOD Buerépov aTavTa edeyeTo, mat @S TOLOUTOLS 
ovaw avTots TOV vodY mpooéxnre.. elaeAOwv 5é 21 
els TavTnv THY Bovdrnv év atoppit@ OeoKpiTos 

145 pnvvder OTe cvAREyoVTAL TWes evayTLWoOpMEVOL TOTS 
ToTe KaQvoTapévois mpadypact. Ta pev ovv 
dvopata ovk ébn avtav épeiy xa ExacTov: 
Spkous TE yap owwpoKkévat Tos avTovs éxelvoLs, 
kal eivas étépovs of épodat Ta dvopaTa, avTos bé 

150 ox av Tote Toijnocat TadTa. Kaito ef pn éK 22 
TapacKkeuyns eunvveto, TAS OvK av nYayKacEY 1 
Bovdn elreiv Ta dvopata Oecdxpitov Kal py 
avavuLov THY pnvow TroincacBar; vuvi Sé 
TodTO TO Wdicpa Whpiterar.” 


DECREE OF THE BOULE FOR THE ARREST OF 
AGORATUS. 


NS 


\ a it / 
155 Ezrevd2) Tolvuy todto TO Whdiopa endian, 23 
/ rn 
Katépyovtat él Tov “Ayopatov eis tov Lepara 
n n / 
ot aipeOévtes THY BovdrevTaY, Kal TepLTUYOVTES 
an a / 
avT@a €v ayopa éCntovy ayew. Tapayevomevos 
\ / A / Ne sy: / CA 
dé Nexias cai Nixopévns Kai addoe Tivés, OpOvTES 
a / 
160 Ta mpdywata ovy ola BédXtTIcTAa ev TH TOE 
/ 
dvTa, ayew pev tov ’Ayopatoy ovx &pacay 
mponcecbat, adnpovvto dé Kal nyyuavTO Kal 
¢ / tf ? \ / if 
@moXoyouv mapakew ets THY Bovdnv. yparra- 24 
/ a 
pevoe 5€ of BovreuvTal Ta ovOMaTa TaV éyyvo- 


8 mpocéxnre. MSS. ph mpocéxnre. 
9 Wnpigerar Sch. conj. Vulg. évnploaro. 











KATA ATOPATOY. 67 


, 4 ’ > ld Mw > yy 
pévov Kai K@dvOvT@P, aTLOVTES @YOVTO Eis GoTU. 
« ee oy ’ x e 3 x f > \ 
6 52 Ayopatos Kai of eyyuntai xabifovew éexi 
tov Bapov Movvvyiaciw- éredn S€ éxeit Hear, 
> , 7 . - mae 2 ~ 
eBovXevovto Ti xp Toleiv. Eed0KEL oUV TOIS 
éyyuntais cai tois GAXos GTacw exrod@v To17- 

> rd e 
5 cacbaz” tov “Ayopatov os TdyioTa, Kal Tapop- 
’ s fol ’ ’ was > ~ 
picavtes S00 Tota Movvvyiacw ébéovTo attod 
x , > ~ > f x > . 
mwavti tpor@ amedGeiv “A@yvnOev, Kai avdrot 
»” - C4 x ‘4 
épacay cuvextrevceicbai, Ews Ta Tpdypata 
KatacTain, NeyovTes Gti, et Kopicbein eis THY 
4 -! y > Ld 
Bovrny, Bacarifopevos icws avayxacOncerat 
TEN J > -~ ? ’ 2 2 c 2 . 
Gvopata eiteity “APnvaiwv ov av wro8arwow oi 
, , : -~ ’ > Ls 
BovNopevo: Kaxov Tt ev TH Toke epyafecBa. 
TauTa éxeivwv Seopevov, Kai TapacKevacayTov 
Wrolia, kal avTov éToipev OvT@Yv cuvexTXeiD, 

> 3 Ld > - > ’ e f 

ove nOEAnce TeiGecbat avtois “Ayopatos ovroci. 
’ 

Kairot, @ Ayopare, ei pn Ti co HY TapecKevac- 
| pevov Kai éwioteves pndey xaxov TeicecOa, 
~ > 2 ¥ X Ld ’ 
TOS OUK aV @yoU Kal TAOLwY TapEeTKEevacpEevoY 
XN ~ > lol @ ’ - 
Kal Tov eyyuntor éToiper GyvT@v cot cuveKTAEiy ;sx 

* \ er , > ‘ ” e \ 
ért yap olov Té cot Hv, Kai ovTw H BovAn cov 

> a >? .) x 8 > sal , A 7 
gexparer. adda pev bn ovy Spoia ye coi Kai 
éxeivois uTipye. TpaTtov pev yap “A@nvaios 

a > > , 3S Ps 
oav @ote ovx edediecav BacamcOnvar: Ereara 
-~ ’ 
watpica chetépay avta@v Katadirorres ETotpot 
Hoav cuvextAeivy peta cov, myncayevot Tatra 
padXov AvotTEXciv TOY ToNT@Y TOAKOUS Kal 
> xX een as rar > , at Os 
@yaBovs wro cov adixws atorécbat. coi Se 
Mparov pev Kivouvos iv PacavcOnvat tropel- 


© rocpcacfa MSS. rochiea. 





165 


170 


190 


68 AYSIOY VI [13] 


» >? i 4 Xx “a > lA 
vavTl, émTetTa ov TraTpiou dv cavTov amréduTres: 
\ / tal 
195 dor é« TavTos TpoTov col padrXAov 7) Exeivols 
a / 
éxTrAeDoa cuvedepev, ef yy TL Hv B érioteves. 
fa! Ne, \ a CSAS \ \ x 
vov dé dkov pév tTpoatroin, Ex@v 5é Todos Kat 
\ > / / 
ayabovs “A@nvaiwy arréxtewas. ws Sé Tapec- 
KevaoOn atravTa & éy@ réyw, Kal papTupés Eict 
\ x / A xX a an 
200 Kal avTo To Wjdicwa cod TO THs Bovdjs KaTa- 
PapTupycel, 


DECREE OF THE BOULE ORDERING THAT AGORATUS 
BE INDEMNIFIED ON HIS GIVING THE NAMES 
OF THE CONSPIRATORS. 


b \ / a \ 
Ezresd) tolvuy todto To Whdicpa endicOn 
kal ndAOov ot ex THs Bovdrns Movvvyiage, éxov 
? / na a a 
avéotn “Ayopatos amd Tod Bapod: Kaito. viv 
a \ 
205 ye Bla pnoiv adatpeOjvar. éredy 5é els TV 
/ n 
Bouvrnv éxouicOncav, atroypade: ’Ayopatos Tpe- 
rn rn an / 
TOV MeV TOV AUTOD eyyuNnTaV TA OVvO“aTa, errELTA 
TOV oTpaTnyav Kal TOV Takidpyov, Ereita Sé 
a / a a ¢ XPS \ ee a 
Kal adNAwY TLVAV TrokLT@V. 1 SE apy) avTN TOV 
\ a bay e \ > f \ 
210 ravTos Kaxod éyévero. as O€ amréypaire Ta 
, \ ¢€ 
ovopaTa, olmat pev Kal avTov oporoyncev* Eb 
iS / bee | > / 4) \ > Ni ? / 
dé uj, én attodwopm éyo avtov é&eréyEo. 
/ / 
"Aroxpivat 87 pot. 


QUESTIONS PUT TO AGORATUS AS TO THE FACT OF 
HIS HAVING GIVEN IN A LIST OF NAMES. 


§ 5. So they went on, Agoratus always being ready 


28 


390 




















KATA ATOPATOY. 69 


with fresh names to satisfy the Boule, though under no 
compulsion. And the political effect of these denuncia- 
tions may be gathered from the fact that. immediately 
after them came Lysander and all our humiliations, and 
the establishment of the Thirty. 

Then the denounced men were tried, not by the regular 
Court, but before the Boulé packed by the Thirty, and 
with every species of patent injustice condemned and 
executed, all except Agoratus, who was released as a 
public benefactor. 


> f 
EBovrovto rolvuy, ® avdpes Sixactai, ere 
, oe uN. \ 5 eee > / A 
TRELOVMV AUTOV Ta OVO“ATAa aTroypayyat: ovTw 215 
/ ” e \ , > / 
-oodpa éppwto 1 Bovdrx Kaxov tu épyaverOat, 
\ / a a 
Kal autos ovK edoKer avTois admavtTa TadnOA Tw 
vA 
KateipnKévat.  TovTovs pev odv a&mavtas éxov 
bY / > n > a ape e ” 12 
atroypape, ovdewias avT@ avayKns ovons. 
erred) 5 7) ExxAnoia Movvuyiacw év TS Oedtpw 220 
/ a 
éyiyveTo, oUTw ohddpa Tivés errepedodVTO STrwsS 
Kai év TO Shww Tepl TaY oTpaTHyYaV Kal TOV 
, / , \ \ A - 
Takidpyov pnvuots yévolto (aepl Sé Tov dAdov 
améypn 4 é€v tH BovdH yeyevnuevn), wore Kal 
> nr ‘ > x nan AY > / 
éxel Tapayovow eis Tov Shyov. Kal pou amro- 225 
/ 
Kpwat, ® “Ayopate GAN ov« oipal oe éEapvov 
a. 18 6 a ? / "AGO / e , 
av’ yevéoOar a évavtiov nvatoy aravTev 
érro(noas. 


1 xarecpnxévat Cobet, Var. Lect., p. 87. Vulg. xarayopnkévat. 
Confert ille, § 50, II. 35. Sed vid. § 56, ubi Agoratus elcay- 
yetae dicitur. 

12 Sequebatur pera rodro mpocamoypader érépous Trav Toduray, 
vid. § 56. 

13 Gy Sch. Cobet vult yevjoecOa. MSS. om. a. 


70 AYSIOY VI [13] 


QUESTIONS PUT TO AGORATUS AS TO SUBSEQUENT 
List oF NAMES GIVEN BY HIM, 


‘Oporoyes pev Kal adtos, duos 8€ Kal Ta 33 
/ Coe Ha) / > / 
230 Wadicpata bpiv Tod Syjpou avayvecera.. 


DECREES OF THE BouLE FoR ARREST OF MEN 
DENOUNCED BY AGORATUS. 


/ / > / aA 
“Ore pev améypaev “Ayopatos ovtocl Tay 
5) a > / \ ar. of, ss Nye? a A 
avépav éxelvav Ta dvowata, Kal Ta év TH Bovdy 
kal Ta ev TO Syuw, Kal Eotr hoveds exeivar, - 
ré a 
oxedov TL omar twas érictacOar ws Toivuv 
ec iP lal fal oy a / eee a \ 
235 ATavT@V TWY KAKMY ALTLOS TH TTONEL EYEVETO KAL 
79> e ’ Le > \ / a b] * 
ovd vd évos adtov mpoonKe éreeicOat, eyo | 
olwar wuiv ev Keharaiots amodelEev.  érresd2 34 
an ‘4 e 
yap éxeivor cvdrAnpbévtes ed€Onoav, TOTe Kal oO 
UA 
Avcavipos eis Tovs Aipévas Tods dpmetépous 
240 eloémrevoe, Kal al vies ai tpuétepar Aaxedat- 
/ 
poviots mapedoOncay, Kal Ta Telyn KaTecKddn, 
Kal ot TpidKovta Katéotncav, Kal th od TaV 
a a / 
Sewav TH Tore eyéveTo ; érrevdy Tolvuyv oi TpLa- 35 
Kovta KatecTdOnoap, edbéws Kpiow Tots avdpact 
V4 e a 
245 TovTous érrolovy év TH Bovay, o Sé Sipuos év TO 
Sixactnplo év dSicyiriows enpicato. Kai por 
2 if \ / 
avayvods To Whdiopa. 


DECREE OF THE REVOLUTIONARY BoULE FOR THE 
TRIAL OF THE DENOUNCED MEN. 


> \ i > a 
Ei pev ody év TO Sixacrnpip éxpivorto, padias 36 


KATA ATOPATOY. 71 


x ee A ef \ >” by / 2 
av éc@fovto: amavtes yap dn éyvaKoTes ATE 
ov HY KaKOD % TONS, év © ovdev Ett @pereiv 250 
20 7 rn ? . \ \ > \ \ b ee \ 
édvvac0e> viv & eis THY BouvdAnv adtovs THY éml 
fal 4 
TOV TplaKoVTA Elcdyoucwy. 1) dé Kplols ToLavTH 
37 éyiyveto, olav Kal tpeis avtol émictacbe. oF 
bev yap tpidKxovta éxaOnvto él Ttav Bablpwr, 
ov voV of TpuTaves KabEeCovTaL* Svo0 bé Tpamrefas 255 
, lal 
év TO Tpocbev TaY TpidKovTa éxelaOnv: THY bé 
an ¥ > , J \ \ Shean \ 
arnpov ovK eis KadicKxous adda havepav emi Tas 

/ / ” / \ \ 
tpaTélas tavtas eer TiWecOar, THY pev Kabac- 
podoay éml tHhv totépav ... “ date ék Tivos 

/ a 
38 TpoTrov Ewerr€ Tis avTaV cwoOncecOar; Evi 5é 260 
/ fal 
oye, door eis TO BovAEvTHpLOV érrl TOV TpLaKOVTA 
elonrOov KpLOnoopevol, amavtwv Odavatos Ka- 

, \ > \ > / \ 
TeylveoKeTo Kal ovdevos atreirndicavto, TV 
"Ayopdtouv toutovi* Tovrov dé adeicay ws evep- 
yétnv dvta: iva 8é etdATEe ws TOAXOL Ud TovTOV 265 

al , ra / a 
TteOvact, PBovrowat wiv Ta ovomaTa avTav 
avayvovat. 


SCHEDULE OF NAMES OF THE CONDEMNED, 
AGORATUS NOT INCLUDED. 


§ 6. Among the condemned was my brother-in-law 
Dionysodorus ; who sent for my sister to take a last 
farewell, and receive his last instructions. In her pre- 
sence he charged Agoratus with being his murderer : 
and left injunctions with me and his own brother to avenge 
his death on Agoratus. 

M4 Deest nescio quid. Fortasse rhv 5& odfovcay éml ri 
mporépay (Reiske). Vulg. rhv méev éml riv mpdrynv rh é x. 
éml th borépav. 


72 AYSIOY VI [13] 


\ i 
’Exretdy) ~Toivuy, @ avdpes Sixactai, OdvaTos 39 
avTav Kateyvacdn Kal eel adtodvs amroOvncKel, 
lod V > \ , € \ b) / 
270 petamépwrrovrat eis TO Secpwrnptov 0 ev adEedHyy, 
e€ \ , € \ tal c Src 3 Ce, 
6 5& pntépa, 0 S& yuvaixa, o 8 h Tus hw exact 
lal df 
avTav TpoonKkovea, iva Ta baTaTa aoTacapevor 
\ 2 Lo. ef \ / / \ \ 
TOUS avT@Y oUTw Tov Blov TeXeUTHTELAV. Kal 57 
\ / if \ > \ 
kal Avovuvcddwpos petatéuretat tiv adedPny 40 
é a4 / a a 
275 rnv éunv eis TO SeopwrTypiov, yuvaixa éavTod 
5 b) A 
odoav. TmvOopévn 8 eéxelvn adixveitat, pédav 
/ A 
Te ipatiov nudieruevn, ws elKos WV eT TO 
lel 7, 
avépi avtis TowavTn cuupopa Kexpnuév@. €vav- 41 
/ \ an > a n ele) / 4 
tiov S&€ Ths adeAdans THs euhs Acovucodwpos ta 
280 > a x ¢ la) 6 LA ee ? n 286 
280 re oixela Ta avTov Suéfeto Srws avT@ €doKel, 
nd 
Kal wept Ayopatou Touvtoul édeyev Stu altos Hv 
rn iZ / 
tov Oavatov, kab érécknrrev éuol cat Atovuci 
/ A a rn lel a 
TovTwl, TO AdEAPO 7H avTOd, Kal ToIs pirois 
a lal nr / a 
Tao. Tiuwpely tbrép av’tod ’Ayopatov: Kal TH 42 
a na \ 
285 yuvarxt TH avTod érécKnTte, vouifwv avTnv 
kvetv’” é& attod, édy yévntae adtTH trasdior, 
a \ r 
dpatew TH yevopevp OTe Tov Tatépa avTod 
> / ; n 
Ayopatos amréxrewve, Kal Kerevery Tys@pelv UTEP 
€ fa) ¢ , ” € s ? a , 
avTov ws govéa dyta. ws ovv aro eyo, 
290 paptupas TovTwy TrapéEopar. 


WITNESSES AS TO THE WoRDS OF AGORATUS 
WHEN UNDER SENTENCE OF DEATH. 


§ 7. Then followed, as you know, the murder of the 
men from Salamis and from Lleusis ; the miserable 


15 xvyeiy, al. cvew. Incertum utrum xéw an xvéw magis Atticum sit. 








KATA ATOPATOY. 73 


deaths of innumerable citizens of all ages ; the occupation 
of the Acropolis by the Spartans ; the utter degradation 
of our city to the level of the meanest ; in a word, the 
destruction of the State by the Thirty. All followed the 
death of these men, whom Agoratus denounced, as is 
proved by the very words of his acquittal by the Thirty. 
Odroe pév toivuy, @ avidpes "A@nvaio, ia 
> LA > /, > / > \ A £. 
Ayopdtou avoypadevtes avéBavov: éret S€ Tov- 
Tous exTodwy éToincavTo of TpidKovTa, oyedov 
s etn ee; G \ \ \ \ 
olpat tpas éewictacOar ws Toda Kai Serva peta 
Taita TH Tone eyéveTo’ OY OvTOS aTaVTwY aiTLOS 
éoTly, -aToKTeivas éxelvous. avi@pat pev ovv 
trouiyvnoKeav Tas yeyevnuévas cupdopas 7H 
f > / Bee | f eS (AF nil 3 a 
44 Tone, avayKn & éativ, @ avdpes Sixactai, ev TO 
, al pee PINT es e , ( uae . 
Tapovtt Kapa, iv eidnre ws cpodpa tpiv édeeiv 
mpoonxe. “Ayopatov. iote pev yap Tovs €éK 
Larapivos Tav TodToY KopicbérTas, olot Hoav 
Kal Gcot, Kal oiw odéPpw io TeV TpLdKoVTa 
am@Xovto'\ tate 5 Tovs €& "EXevacivos, @s TodXol 
TavTn 7] cuudopa éypycavto péuvnobe Sé Kai 
\ > / A \ > Y ¥ > re 
tous évOdde Sia tas idias ExOpas arayopévous 
> X , ral 3 ‘ \ A / 
45 is TO Secpwtnpiov of ovdéy KaKov THY TOdLY 
Tomcavtes nvayxdfovto aicyictw Kal axee- 
atatT~ odOpw amrorrucbar, of pev yovéas™® 
mpecRutas Katadeirovtes, of HATGOY LTO TeV 
ogetépwy avtav Taidwv ynpotpodnGévtes, émresdi) 
TexeuTHceravy Tov Biov, tadnoecOar, of 8 
aderdpas avexdotous, of 8& waidas pixpods ToAAFs 
16 Sequebatur c¢erépouvs airay quod ferri non potest si re- 


Spicias cgerépwy airey modo non adjuncta. Scheibe uncis 
inclusit. 


300 


305 


310 


315 


320 


oo 
bo 
Or 


330 


335 


ee AYSIOY VI [13] 


> / , ee et 7 , 
étt Oeparretas Seopévovs: \ovs, @ avdpes Sixacrtai, 
Tovav Twa olecbe yvounv wept TovTov éyxew, 7) 
Yd \ XN an UA > bee > / 
Toiavy Twa av Whdhov OécOar, et em éxeivo.s 
yévo.To, atroatepnbévtas Oia TODTOY TOY HdlcTwD ; 
éTe O€ TA Telyn ws KaTETKady, Kal ai vies ToOIS 
/ / \ \ a / 
Tonrenlos TapedoOnaav, Kal Ta vewpia Kabnpébn, 
/ / fal 
kai Maxedayovior THY axpoTody buov elyov, Kal 
3 ve ee an if: 4 fy. ee 
» Svuvawis ataca THs Toews TrapedvOn, woTE 
n / 
undev Siahéperv Ths EXaxyloTys TOdEwS THY TOAD. 
mpos Sé TovTOLs Tas idias ovclas aTwdéoaTe, Kal 
\ a / e e \ na lh 
TO TeAXEUTAloV GVAANBSnY AtravTeEs WTO TAV Tpla- 
fal / an 
KovTa €k THS TaTploos €EnrAaOnTe. TadTa éxeivor 
C*3. ec > / 2 ByA > / 
ot ayabot avdpes aicbopevos ovK Epacav éritpérat 
Thy eipnunv, @ avdpes SiKactal, Torncacba: ods 
4 > if; / ’ / a al 
av, Ayopate, Bovdomévous ayabov te mpakar TH 
/ tA a / 
Tode amTéxTELVas, pnvuTas avTov’s TH Tore 
7 
érriBouneverv,” 
al lal / rn 9 
TOV KAKOV TOV yeyevnuevov. vov odv pvnocOevTes 


\ ” 3 nd / lal , 
Kal AlTLOS €lb aTravTwY TH TrohEL 


a / / lal 
Kal Tov idtwv Exactos Svotvynuatov Kal Tov 
fal a / ie a \ 2. 
KOLV@Y THS TOEWS, TLuLwpEtaOe TOV aiTLOV TOVTYY. 


Oavpdfwo & éywye, @ avdpes Sexacral, 6 Ti 


i, \ c a > al a “\ 
MOTE TOAMHTEL TPOS VUas aTroroyetaBat: Sei yap 
a / lal lal 
avtov amrodetEat ws ov KaTEeunvuce TOV avdpav 
TOUTWY OUVS altos avTois é€aTL Tov OBavaTou, d 
> x , 2O7 > a 18 a \ 
ovK av Svvatto ovdéTroTE ATrobEtEaL.” TpP@ToV pév 
N \ / >) a \ > A a \ 
yap Ta Whhicpata avtod Ta ex THS BovdrArs Kat 
rn a / ¢ 
Tov Snmou Katapaptupel, Siappydnv ayopevovta 
17 Sequebantur rg wAjOea YQ vuerépy. Quomodo constru- 


antur cum ov.. dméxrewas... alrios ef nescio. Scheibe uncis 
inclusit. 18 drodettar. Scheibe uncis inclusit. 


46 


47 


48 


49 





51 


KATA ATOPATOY. ; 75 


», Wares 2 / / 4 oS 4 
Tept av Ayopatos Kkateipnxev* érreita 7 Kpicts, 
fy éxpiOn emi Tav tpidxovtTa Kai adeiOn, dcap- 
pndnv réye, “ di0Te” ghyoiv “ eéoke TarnOA 

> ” , SIP 
elcayyetAa. Kai poe avayvob:. 


DECREES OF BovuLE; PRECIS oF TRIALS; 
_ COPIES OF THE INDICTMENTS READ. 


§ 8. As it is plain that he did denounce these men, there 
remain but three pleas for him to urge :-— 

(1.) That he was right to denounce them as disloyal to 
the State. But if they had been so, would the Thirty 
have killed them ? 


e \ / 
Os pev otv otk améypaer, ovddevt tpoT@ 
4 2 A > a tad / oF UN e i 
Suvait’ dv atrodeiEas: Set roivuy adtov as dixaiws 
/ rn e a \ \ 
€unvuce tadta aTodaivety, opav avTovs Tovnpa 
\ > 3 / a sf al e / nd 
kal ovx émitnderca TO Oyuw TO tyetépw Tpat- 
 ) 209 cal X\ fol 
Tovtas. otopat & odd av todto abtov émiyerpjcat 
VA 4 ~ 
aTrodekvivat. ov yap Symov, ev Te KaKov TOV 
Sjpov tov “AOnvaiwy ecipyadcavto, of tTptaxovta, 
/ \ e A - 
dediores py KatarvGein av” o Sipyos, Tipwpodvtes 
a 3 fol 4 x >, \ 3 VA 2 > ef 
uTep tov Sypou av avtovs améxtetvay, GAN oipat 
\ 
TOU TOvVaVYTioV TOUTOU. 


(2.) That he acted against his will. 
To this I answer: First, This is not a valid 
excuse in the case of great public crime. Second, 
If i were so, why did he not remain in 
Sanctuary? Or why did he not fly as his 


19 a scripsit Malkland. MSS. xaradv@eincay. Cf. Goodwin, 
** Moods and Tenses,” p. 83. 


340 


345 


350 


360 


365 


370 


375 


76 AYZIOY VI [13] 


sureties urged him todo? Or why did he not 
share the same fate as others summoned on the 
same charge before the Boulé ? 
J 
"AXN icos dices dkwv TocadTa Kaka épya- 
Dee > > 2 ca ” , 
cacba. éya 8 ovK oipat, @ avdpes SixacTal, 
IQ? 97 Cir € / ” , \ 
ovd €dy TIS UMAaS WS UANOTA AKoV peyada KaKa 
AY i 
épyaontal, av yn olov te yevéoOar éotiv vrep- 
Bornv, od tovTouv evexa ov Seiv buds aptverOar. 
> \ No 2. / 4 v4 en > (2 
eita O€ Kal éxelvov péuvnobe, Oru éEnv “Ayopat@ 
/ \ > \ \ a PSS SN 
TOUT@L, Tp els THY BovAnY KopicOAvat, OT érl 
an an 4 a 
Tod Bwpod éxadnto Movrvylaci, cwOfjvat: Kal 
yap Tota TaperKevacTo Kal of éyyuntal Eroipor 
Hoav ovvatriévar. Kattor et éxelvors éridou Kal 
’ he > fa) > 2 i. A TiN ChAT N 
nOéEANTAS EKTTAEVTAL MET EKELVMV, OUT AV EK@YV 
A ’ a 
ovTe aKwv TocovTovs "AOnvaiwy améxtewas: viv 
\ \ Col ee t ? i, > n 
dé mwevabels Uh wv Tote érretcOns, EL THY oTpA- 
an n / V4 
Tnyav Kal Tov Takidpywv Ta dvoyaTa ovoy 
Yj n 
elrows, péya TL Mov Tap avTav Siarpd~acba. 
a ’ lal 
ovKovy TovToU éveka Sel GE Tap HuaV cVYyYOL"NS 
a a \ na al 
TWOS TUXELD, eel OVSE exeivor Tapa cod ovdemLas 
¢ 
éruxov, ods ov améxtewas. Kal ‘Immias péev oO 
lal € Dy} 
Odc.os kal Eevoddav o “Ixapueds, 0 of emt rH 
> lal ee | / €: x n n / 
abTh aitia TovT@ vie THs BovAhs peteTEUpOnoar, 
e lal 
ouToL pev amréBavor, 0 wev oTpeBrAWOels, Revopar, 
¢€ Wa if ef. 2) / > ” Os 
0 6é ‘Immias cttw”... , StoTs ovK AEot edoKovY 
n / / Ge > / A > 
Tols Tptdkovta swTnpilas eivat (ovdéva yap “AOn- 
/ / 
vaiwv atwdrdgucav): “Ayopatos 5& adelOn, di0Te 
/ 
edoxer éxeivous TA HOLOTA TreTrOLnKEevat. 
20 "Tkapcevs [sc. e demo Ikapla tribus Mgeidos]. MSS."Kapieds, 


al. Kapidevs. Quid est Kapidevs ? 
21 Nescio quid deesse videtur: fortasse otrws ws tore (Rauch). 


53 


KATA ATOPATOY. 77 


(3.) To lay the blaire on Menestratus. 

But the fact is that Menestratus was forced to denounce 
others to save his own life, which had been put in danger 
by the information of Agoratus. He was afterwards 
justly executed as a murderer. How much more does 
Agoratus deserve the same fate, as the original cause of 


the whole mischief / 
55 “Axotw 8 avtov kal eis Mevéotpatoy ava- 
f \ a a / \ \ n 
pépewy Te TEept TAY ypadav TovTwY. TO dé Tod 380 
an rn ¢ 
Meveotpdtou mpayua Tovodtov éyéveto. o Mevé- 
oTpaTos ovTosS atreypadn To Tov ’Ayopatou Kal 
/ 
aurArAnPbels edédeTo: ‘Ayvodmpos 8 Hv ’Apde- 
y, a ‘ 
tpotratevs, Snuorns tod Meveotpdtov, Kputiou 
KNdEeoTS TOD TOV TpLaKOVTA. oUTOS ovdV, STE 7 385 
> / if > A /, > / 
éxxdnaia Movrvyiaciw év toe Oeatpw éyivero, 
ee \ id Xx / lol 
dpa pev Bovropevos tov Mevéotpatov cwbjvat, 
ef Ae / > YZ > H4 
dpa S€ ws TAElcTOUS aToypadévTas aTroréc Oat, 
Tapayes avTov eis Tov Ohpov, Kal etploKovTat 
> A \ \ / APRA TA 
avT@ KaTa TO Whdiopa TovTl adeav. 390 


DECREE OF INDEMNITY TO MENESTRATUS READ. 


\ a a / 

56 ‘Errevd?) 5é TodTo TO >Wydiopa éyéveto, wnvver 
6 Mevéotpatos Kai mpocaroypade érépous TAY 
TOMTOY. TOUTOY wéVTOL OF ev TpLaKoVTA adel- 

ce ? / / / bd al 
cav womep Ayopatov tovtovi, dofavta tarnO7 
‘) ¢e al \ / 
eloayyeiAal, wueis Sé TOAAM ypovm Barepov 395 
/ 
NaBovtTes ev Sixacrnpiw ws avdpodovoyv dvta, 
4 iy 4 a / 
Odvatov Sikaiws Katarndicduevor, TH Sypic 
/ \ b) lal 

57 mapédote, Kal ametuuTravicOn. Kairot et éxelvos 
ee 4 ba ? , , I ? 
amré0avev, 4) tov ‘Ayopatos ye Sixaiws a7ro0a- 


78 AYXIOY VI [13] 


400 veirat, Os ye Tov te Mevéotpatov amoypawas 
aitios éxelvm éott tod Oavatov, Kat Tots bod 
Meveotpdtov atoypadeios Tis aitumtepos %) 0 eis 
TOLAaUTHY avayKny éKxelvov KaTaTTHCAS ; 


§ 9. How different the conduct of your surety Aristo- 
phanes! He, when denounced by you, refused to save his 
life by falsely accusing loyal citizens. 

> / / a? 

Avopovos 5é pow Soxet Apiotodaver yevéc Oar 58 

a / A \ / 

405 7G Xorreldn, Os eyyuntns tote tovtov éyévero 
Kal Ta TAOLa TapacKevdcas Movyvylacw Erowpmos 
Hv ouvextAeivy peta TovTov. Kal TO ye én 
éxeivov eivat éo@Ons, Kal ovt av *AOnvaiwv 

OE > Xr oe eee, > \ \ ZA 4 

ovdéva amdrecas ovT av avTos av Eis TOLOUTOUS 
Ui rn a 
410 xwwddtvous Katéotns: viv 8 Kal Tov cwTHpa TOV 59 
an / 
cavtod éToAunoas atroypapat, Kal amoyparas 
/ A 
amréxtewas Kat éxeivoy Kal Tovs aNAoUS éyyUNnTAs. 
TodTov péevTot ws ov Kabapads”™” AOnvaioy dvTa 
> VL é n \ \ \ 
éBovrovTd tives BacavicOjvat, Kal TovTt TO 
/ \ a 
415 wWdicpa Tov Sjuov avarreiOovar WhpiferOar. 


DECREE FOR EXAMINING ARISTOPHANES BY 
TORTURE. 


Mera TovTo Toivuy mpoc.ovtes TO Apiotodbaves 60 
ol MpaTrovres TOTE TA Tpdywata edéovTO avTOD 
Katereiv Kal cwlerOar, Kal pr) Kivduvevey ayo- 
vicdpevov ths Eevias Ta Ecxata Tabeiv. oO S€ 
420 ov én oddérote: ottw xpnoTos jv Kal Tepi 


2 xaBapds. Vulg. xadds. 


51 


52 





_ KATA ATOPATOY. 79 


\ / \ A a 2 
Tovs Sedeuévouvs Kal trept Tov Shwov Tav °A@n- 
/ 4 ¢/- n b) a x a 
valov, MaTE elAETO LaAXOV aTroOavety 7) KaTELTELY 
Kat adikws Twas atroNéca. éxelvos pev ToivuY 
Kal Ud cod aToANUpEVOS ToLoUTOG! éyévEeTO Kal 
na ¢ 
Eevopav 0 otpeBrwbels kal “Imrmlias 0 Odors: 
\ ? »Q\ a > A > / U 
av 8 ovdev Tois avdpdow éxeivois cuvedas, 
\ \ e 4 Xx > lal >) / 
meicbels 5& @s at ye, av éxeivot amrodwVTAL, 
a ey A 
pebéEeus THs TOTe TodwTelas KaOioTapévns, atré- 
\ > / ’ 7. \ \ 
ypades Kal aTreKxTELVAS A@nvaiwy todXovs Kat 
ayabous. 


§ 10. Various aggravations of the crime of Agoratus. 
(a) The character of the men thus destroyed,—men who 
had held the highest offices, and performed the most ilus- 
trious services. Some who, denounced by him, fled, have 
now been received back by the State with the highest honour. 
BovrAopat & dpiv, & dvdpes Sixactat, eridetEat 
/ > n Cd > > / > yp >. 
olwv avopav tum “Ayopdtov amrectépnobe. eb 
\ > \ 9 > 4 x \ 
pév ov Toddol Hoav, Kal Exactov av rept 
3 n > 4 nr A 12 \ i 
avTav nKovete, viv dé cvAAHROnY TeEplL TavTwD. 
of méev yap oTpaTnynoarTes vuiv TodrAgAKLs pelo 
THY Tow Tois Siadexouévors oTpaTHyoIs Trape- 
diSocav: of & érépas peyddas apyas apEavtes 
Kal Tpinpapyias Todas TpLnpapynoavTes ovde- 
ToOTOTE Up tuav oddeuiav aitiay aicypav ~ryxov. 
ot & avtav Tepuyevopevor Kal cwbévtes, ods obTOS 
pev amréxrewev was Kal Odvatos av’Tav Kate- 
yvacdn, » Sé Tvyn Kal 6 Saiwwv TepteTrolnce: 
guyovtes yap evOévde Kal od cvdrdndbértes ye 
ovdé UropelvavTes THY Kplow, KaTENOOYTES aTrO 
Pudijs Tiud@vtas bf’ Kuav ws avdpes ayabol dvTes. 


425 


430 


435 


440 


445 


80 AYSIOY VI [13] 


(6) And the man who thus practically killed so many 
Free citizens was a slave and a son of slaves, 
Tovrous pévtot ToLovtous dvtas ’Aydpatos Tovs 64 
peev atréxtewve, Tovs S& huyddas évTedOev éroince, 
/ Xx Sara: a \ Cia O/ 4 a 
tis @v avdtos; Sel yap vuas eldévar StL SodrOS 
3 Vi > / Vad IQA N e an 
kat éx Sovr\ov é€otiv, iy eldnte olos av tpmas 
~ - / x \ \ 9 > 4 
450 €AXvpaiveto. TovT@m mév yap TaTHnp jv Evpapys, 
eh \ c bd / Ls / 34 
éyéveto 5€ 0 Evpdpns ottos Nexoxdéovs xal 
’ / / > / / 
Avtixréovs. Kat wos avaBnte waptupes. 


WITNESSES TO THE FACT OF THE SERVILE ORIGIN 
oF AGORATUS, 


(c) His private life and whole career have been a 
shameful succession of sycophancies and debaucheries,— 
many of them legally punishable with death. 

TloAva Tolvuy, & avdpes Sixactai, dca Kaka 6: 
Kal aicypa Kal TovT@ Kal Tois Tov’TOV adeAdois 

rn 7. At x ” ” / \ 
455 émruretnSevTat, ToAV av ein Epyov Néyerv. rept 
\ / 4 © X / 2Q7 

dé cvxopartias, dcas obTos 4 Sixas idias cuKo- 
lal > / xX \ x4 > 4 x 
havrav éducdfero 1) ypadas boas éypadeto 7) 

> \ > / > \ a Sof: 
atroypahas atréypadev, ovdev pe Set Kal” Exacrov 

/ / \ is a cA \ > n 
Néyerv' TVAANBSHY yap duels Arravtes Kal ev TO 

ye \ ts / / a 

460 dium Kat ev Td Sixactnpio cuvKcopavtias adTod 

4 a 
Katéyvate Kal wprncev tiv pupias Spaypuas, 
@OTE TODTO MEV (KaVaS UTO KuoV aTrdvTwV weuap- 6 
TUpNTal. ‘yuvaikas TolvuY TOV TOATOY ToLODTOS 
XK / x / / > / 
av povyevey Kal SiapGeipery EXevOEpas erreyvelpnee, 
4 / 
465 kab érndOn povxydss Kat Tovtov Odvatos 4 Enuia 
a / 

éotiv. ‘Os d€ adnO7 r€yo, wapTupas KdreL. 


KATA ATOPATOY. 81 


EVIDENCE OF THE ABANDONED LIFE OF AGORATUS. 


(d) The lives of his three brothers have been equally 
shameful, and have all ended in a disgraceful death. 





67 “Heavy roivuy otto, @ avdpes Sixactal, TéT- 
tapes adedgpol. Tovtwv els pév o mpecBitepos 

év Xuxedia Tapadpuxtw@pevopevos Tois TodEpiows 
AndGeis brd Aapdyou aretupravicOn: o 6é 470 
étepos eis KopwOov pév évrevOevi avédpatrodov 
eEnyayev, exeiOev 5€ Traidickny acths éEayayov 
GNicketat, Kal év TO Secpwrnpio Sedepévos 
améOave: tov &€ tpitov Pawirridns évOdde 
AwTrodsuTny aTnyaye, Kal vyeis Kpivavtes adTov 47 
év TO Sixactnpio Kal Katayvovtes adtod Oava- 
Tov amotuptavicat tapédote. ws bé arnOq 
Neyo, Kal avTOV olwat OporoynceLY TODTOV Kat 
paptupas TrapeEoueba. 


Ot 


WITNESSES TO FACTS REGARDING THE BROTHERS 
OF AGORATUS. 


§ 11. He will plead, I hear, as a reason for your 
sparing him that he caused the death of Phrynichus, and 
received Athenian citizenship as a reward for that deed. 
Neither of these statements is true. The assassin of Phry- 
nichus was Thrasybulus of Calydon, and Apollodorus of 
Megara was in the plot. Both were made citizens as a 
reward, but neither in the decree, nor the pillar put up 
in commemoration, does the name of Agoratus occur. 

5 Moreover, if he had been an assassin of Phrynichus, 
do you suppose that the Thirty would have spared him, 
G 





82 AYSIOY VI [13] 


unless he had compensated for it by extraordinary injuries 
to the demus ? 


480 Ilds oty ody amace mpoojKe tyiv TovTou 69 
xararrnbiver Oat ; ei yap TovTwv éxactos Su év 
apdptnua Oavatov nEvwOn, 4 mov Tod ye TONKA 
eEnuaprneoros Kal Snpoo ia eis THY TOA Kab 
idia eis Exactov tuav, av éxdoTov dpapTipa- 

> a / / ¢ / > f lal 

485 tos év Tois vopuots Odvatos  Enula éori, Set 

bpas obodpa Oavatov aitod Katandicacbar. 
Aéfev 8é, & avdpes Stxactal, Kal éEatrathoat 70 

bas Teipacetar, ws el TOV TETpaKociwV 

Dpiviyov amékrewe, kal avtt tovtov dyoiv 

490 adtov “A@nvaiov tov Shpov romoacbat, wrevd0o- 
pevos, @ avdpes Sixacrai: ote yap Ppvyvxov 
améxtewvev, ote “AOnvaiov avtov o Shpos éroun- 
cato. Ppuviye yap, ® avdpes Sixactal, Kou? 71 

lf 
OpacvBovnrds te 6 Kadvdav05 Kal ’Amrorr0dwpos 
495 6 Meyapeds éreBovrevoav: érrevdy bé éretuyérny 
aA e 
avTe Badifovrs, 6 wev OpaciBovros torre. Tov 
Dpiviyor kat kataBdrrg ward£as, o 5é ’Aron- 
X65 > v4 ; [cA 4 N id 
odwpos ovy Ippato: dua ToUT@ Kpavyn yiveTat 
9 i 
Kal @yovto gevyovtes. ‘Ayopatos dé ovToat 
500 ore wrapexdnOn ovTe TapeyéveTo ovTE ode TOD 
if > / e Naor ed: an / tee. OC. A 
mpayyatos ovdév. ws O€ adnOij éyo, avTO vpiv 
TO Whdicpa Snrocet. 


DECREE OF THE PEOPLE TO REWARD THE SLAYERS 
OF PHRYNICHUS. 


"Or. pév ovx améxtewe Ppdviyov, €€ avtod 7: 








KATA ATOPATOY. 83 


Tov wWndicuatos SArov: ovdayod ydp éotiv 
"Ayopatov ’"AOnvaiov civar @oTep OpactBovrov 
kal ’AmroddA0dwpov: Kaito. elep améxtewe Dpv- 
viyov, det avTov év TH avdTH oTHdy, Wa Trep 
@pacvBouvrov kal ’ArroddACdwpov, "AOnvaiov me- 
Tompévov™ .. . Ta pévTor dvopata Scarpar- 
Tovtar opav avTav, SovTes apyvpiov TH PHTopL, 
Tpocypadhvar eis THY oTHANY ws EvEepyéTas 
évtas. Kal ws adnOh Ey, TodTO TO Wijdiopa 


énéyEet. 


DECREE OF THE PEOPLE TO RECORD ON A PILLAR 
THE NAMES OF THE SLAYERS OF PHRYNICHUS. 


\ A lal 

Oita pévtot obdTos Todv tuadv Katadpovel, 

@aote ovx av “AOnvaios Kai édixave Kal éEexrXn- 

ty \ \ AS 2 b] 4 > / 

ciate Kai ypadas tas €& avOpwrwv éypadero, 

émriypapomevos “Avayupdcvos elvar. émerta Oe 

kal €repov péya TeKunploy @S ovK aTéKTELVE 

al fol € 

PDpvviyov, 80 6 “AOnvaios gynow yeyerpcOar. 6 

Dpvviyos yap ovTos Tov’s TeTpaKkociovs KatécTn- 
> \ Wass Wha Las € \ A 

aev' éretdn 8 éxeivos amréOavev, of ToAXol TOV 
/ an al 

TeTpaxociwy épuyov. Totepov ovv Soxodow vpiv 

\ a 

ol. TpidKkovTa Kal 7) BovAn 1 éml TOY TpLaKovTa 

Bovnrevouca, of avtol joav amavtes TOY TEeTpa- 
Yh A / > a A / \ 

Koclwv TaV huyovTwv, ageivat av AaBovtes TOV 

Dpvvixov amoxreivavta, 7) Tyswpyicacbar trép 

3 Deest aliquid. Fortasse érvypag¢fva. Et OpaciBovNXos cat 


"Aroddb5wpos legendvm. Sed totus locus ée . . dv7as multis 
mendis laborare videtur. 


505 


510 


515 


520 


525 


84 AYSIOY VI [13] 


Dpvvixou Kal tis huyhs hs adtol Epuyov ; éyo 
pev oipat Timwpetcbar dv. eb pev odv pr) aTro- 
KTEiVaS TPoTTrOLEtTal, AOLKEL, WS eyo pnt El SE 
a if a an 
530 audiaBnrets Kal pis Ppvvexov atroxteivat, Sov 
ote petlw Tov Ohwov Tov’ AOnvaiov Kaka Tronoas 
Thy wTép Ppuvixouv aitiav mpos Tovs TpLaKovTa 
2 4 > / \' / »Q/ bJ , 
aTenvaw* ovdéTroTE yap TEelcEs ovdéva aVOpaTTOV 
e As > , 2 if Xx e AY nr 
as Dptvuyov atoxteivas adelOns av bo Tov 
\ \ A fal 
535 Tpidxovta, ef un peydra Tov Sjpov Tov’ AOnvaiwv 
Kal GVHKETTA KAKA Eipydow. éay pev ody hacky 76 
Dptviyov arroxteivat, ToUTaV péuvnobe, Kal Tod- 
Tov Tiuwpeicbe av wv éroincev: éav 8 ov 
/ y > \ ’ 4 A > al 
gacKkn, Epecbe avtov bv 6 te pynaiv ’A@nvaios 
a x \ a a 
540 mrounOjvar. éav dé wn yn arrodeiEat, Tiwwpeiobe 
NERA e \ 2Q/ \ b / \ 
autov 6éTt Kal édikale Kat é&exrnoiale Kal 
\ a 
éovkopavTes TmoAdovs ws ‘AOnvaios Tovvoua 
f 
eT LY papomevos. 


ony, 


5 


§ 12. Another plea for mercy, I hear, will be that he 
joined the loyalists at Phylé, and shared their restora- 
tion. 

The fact is that he absolutely had the impudence to go 
to Phylé, and was immediately seized and about to be | 
put to death as a murderer and thief ; and was saved at 
the instance of Anytus for future trial. But he was 
shunned as though polluted; no one admitted him to share 
his table or tent ; no Taxiarch enrolled him in his tribe. 
Just so also, when the procession of citizens from Peirceus 
to the Temple of Athené took place. He had the impu- 
dence to join, but was turned out and deprived of his shield 
with ignominy by disimus. 


’Axovo 8 avtov rapackevaver Oat atronoyeia bat 7; 





KATA ATOPATOY. 35 


/ v a nq fe 

ws éxt Dudrnv Te @yeTo Kai cvyxaTnAGe Tois aro 545 
@unijs, kai tovTo péyiotov ayovicpa civat. 
éyéveto S€ rowodrov. rev obtos él PDudryv- 
Kaito TS av yévoito avOpwros pu.apwTeEpos, 
Gotis eidws STL eici tives ei DurQ TeV wo 

4 24 2 , She. A e Pp 
tTovTou™ éxmemT@KOTMV éTOAUncey edOeciv ws 550 

4 > \ \ s b Somes," / 

78 TovTous ; émreidy S€ eldov adToy TaxyicTa, cUN- 

/ a 
AaBovtes Gyovow avTixpys @S aTrOKTEVOUYTES, 
ovmep Kal Tovs adXous aréchattov, «i Tia 
AnoTHY 7 KaKxodpyov cuArAdBoev. oTpaTryav dé 
*Avutos éxt Dudyv odk Edn yphvat Toveiy avTovs 555 
Taira, rEyov GT. ovy ovTw SiaKéowWTO, waTE 

a , n > a ? \ a \ 
Tipwpeicbai Twas Tov exOpav, adda VvUV peEV 
Seiv attovs jnaovyiav Eéxew, ei Sé ToTeE olkade 

/ fol 
KaTérOovev, TOTE KaL TiLwpHTOLYTO TOUS adiKOdD- 
WoTas. Tavita Aéyov aitios éyéveTo Tov aTrodvyetv 560 
Tourov émit DuvrAR avayxn S€ hv atpatyyov 
> ‘ > f ” ” , 
avdpos axpoacbar, eimep Euedrov cwOncecOat. 
> 7. bd X Vs f > \ 
GN’ Erepov: ote yap cucaiTHcas TovTw ovdeis 

/ 

ghavncetat ovTe cvaKnvos yevouevos, ovTe Taki- 
apyos eis Thy hudnv Katatatas, GXX w@oTrEp 565 
Gdutnpia ovdeis avOpaTrav adTe@ duedeyeTo. Kat 
pot Kader Tov Takiapxov. 





WITNESS AS TO THE RECEPTION OF AGORATUS 
AT PHYLE. 





"Evrerdy 8& ai Svadrayal wpds adrAnAovus eyé- 
vovto Kal éreurpav of TrodNiTat Ex Lleiparws thy 


4 td Tovrou, immo id’ atroi. 


570 


575 


580 


585 


590 


86 AYSIOY VE [13] 


> te e a gy yy A 
Toumny eis OAL, HyelTo wey Alowpwos THY ToN- 
a a / 
TOV, oUTOs dé ovTM ToApNpds Kal éxel éyéveTo: 
vA / 
cuvnkorovder yap NaBov Ta Stra Kal oUvEeTrEWTE 
THY TOMTHY META TOV TOMTOV TpOS TO aoTv. 
émrevo1) O€ pos Tais TUAALs Hoav Kal Eevto Ta 
4 \ > / ? Nat c \ y 
dmrAa, Tply elotévat els TO doTV, 0 pev Aioipos 
5: és \ \ VA > / > n 
aicOdavetat kal mpoceav Thy Te aoTrida avTovD 
\ 7 \ >? / > } > / 
NaBov eppire, Kal arievat ExEedEVTEV ES KOPAaKAS 
a a tad / 
éx TOV TodMTaV: ov yap &dn Seiv avdpodpovov 
2 UN Bg / \ \ aD a 
avTov dvTa cupTéutrew THY TopmTny TH “AOnva. 
, \ > € 2 
TovT@® TO TpoT@ UT Aiciwou amnddOyn. ‘Os 6 
n = A \ 4 
adn réyw, KarEL pol TOUS wapTUPAs. 


WITNESSES AS TO THE EXPULSION OF AGORATUS 
FROM THE PROCESSION. 


VA rg 
Tote 78 TpoTe, @ avdpes SixacTtai, Kal éml 
a M3 a \ \ 4 F 
Dury Kai év Uecpavet mpos tovs moditas SvéKertor 
> \ nt > a / e ? / ” 
ovdels yap avT@ diehéyeTo ws avdpoddvm svTt, 
Tov Te pa) aTroPavety”*AvuTos éyéveTo avT@ alTLos. 
éav ovv TH él Purnv 06@ amodoyi. Tae 
i iw 088 dodoyla xpirau, 
e 7 \ > ww > lal tweed 
vrodkapBdave ypn et “Avutos adT@ éyéveto 
\ lal a 
aitvos un arobavetv éEtoiwav dvTwv Tiyswpeic bat, 
\ ” > an ” \ > / \ > 
Kat éppupev avtov Aicipos thy aomida Kal ovK 
ela peTa TOV TOMTO@V TéuTELY THY ToyTHY, Kal 
el Tis adTov Taklapyos eis TaEw Twa KatéTake. 


§ 13. Technical Pleas :— 
(a) The length of time which has elapsed should con- 
done his crimes, But no time can bar the punishment of 








KATA ATOPATOY. 87 


such crimes. He must plead one of two things: that he 
didn’t do tt, or that he was justified in doing tt. 

83. Myre oty tadta av’tod atrodéyecbe, ynre av 
Aéyn STL TOAADS yxpdvm toTepov Typwpovpcba. 
ov yap oipat ovdeniavy THY ToLovT@V adiKnudToV 
mpolecpmiay civat, ANN eyo pev oipat, eit evOds 595 
elte ypove Tis TLwpElTat, TodToV Seivy amrodetK- 
vivat @s ov TmeTroinke Tepl ov eat % aitia. 
ovTOs Tolvuy ToDTO aTodpalvéTa, 7) ws ovK aTé- 
KTewev éxelvous 7) @s dixaiws, KaKOV TL TrOLODYTAS 
tov Siyov tov “AOnvaiwv. ei S€ mddar Séov 600 
TipwpetcGa, woTepov peis TiyswpovpeOa, Tov 
xpovov Kepdaiver dv En od TpochKov avTa, oi bé 
avdpes b7rd TovTOU ovdev HrTov TebYnKacW. 


(6) Or he will plead that the indictment was bad. 
He will say that I have proceeded by draywyi and 
évdetEis, which is only applicable when a man is detected 
in the act (er avtopapw) , that the Eleven, knowing this, 
forced me to add these words, omitted before, to the 
éevdetéus. That, therefore (1) he was wrongly charged, 
because he was not caught in the act ; (2) the Eleven, by 
causing these words to be added, showed that they con- 
sidered the information originally defective. 

The answer to this is: The Eleven did cause the words 
to be added because they saw the prosecution was just : 
and, 2dly, Agoratus was caught éx attopdpw, seeing 
that his murders were done in the full sight of five 
hundred members of the Boulé, and indeed of all Athens. 


85 ‘Axotw 8 avtov Kal SucyupifecOat, ote EI 
ATTOSOPAI TH aTraywyn éemvyéypaTrat* 6 TavtTwv 605 
éy@ olwat evnOéctatov* ws et wéev TO EM’ ATTOSLPLI 





88 AYZIOY VI [13] 


x / Xx n / 
pn Tpoceyéyparrro, évoxos ay TH aTraywyy, Si0Tt 
n De 
dé TOTO TpocyéypaTrTal, pacT@vnv Td oleTat 
¢e a 3 a \ > \ ” 7 x 
avT@ eivar. Todto Sé ovdevl arAX@ EovKev 4) 
¢ n a \ 
610 ouoroyeiy atroxteivat, pry em adtopope é, Kal 
> 
mept tovtov SucxupifecOar, dorep, eb pun em 
> , pi ? / f / e / 
avTtopapw pév, améxtewe Sé, TovTov Evexa S€ov 
b) x , an Ped Cc  @. € 
avtov awlecOar. Soxodar & euouye ot &vdexa ot 
AA 4 / 
TapaceEdpevol THY ATAYwYHY TAVTHY, OVK OLOMEVOL 
/ / 
"Ayopatw ocupmpattew ToTe Kal duwoyupLfopevot 
/ ? la) n Ve A > \ 25 
opodpa opbas Twovjcas Avovvcvov THY aTaywyny, 
ey 5) / , / 3 
amayew avayKkalovtes, Tpocypayacbar Tote EI 
ATTOSOPAL, 7) S7rov av H+ [ds] mp@Tov pév évavtiov 
mevtakociov évy TH BovdAn, eta Tad évavTiov 
¢ > / € £ b n He > / 
620 ’A@nvaiwy aravrwv év Te Sypw aTroypawas 
Tas aTroKTeElvele Kal altos yévoLTO TOU OavaTou. 
an / 
ov yap Syrov TodTO povoy oleTal em aiTopape, 
ELV 4 / xX Lf / & >? \ 
éav Tis Evdw 1) payaipa Tatakas KataBaXry, érret 
n a 4 
éx ye TOU cod AOyou ovdels havyceTat aTroKTeElvas 
625 robs dvdpas ods ov améypawas: ovTe yap éma- 
> \ > at a | > / > > >’ 
takev avtovs ovdcis oT amécdakev, adr’ avay- 
2 a fal na 
kacbévtes UTO THS ahs atoypadhs améPavov. 
id na 
ovK ovv 0 aiTLos TOU BavaTov, odTOS em’ av’TopwOpo 
> / / 5 bY ” x \ BJ s 
éoti; Tis ody adXos altos 7) od atroypaas ; 


61 


(by | 


ev a > 9559 > , \ L Aedes } / 
630 M@aoTE TMS OVK ET AVTOPwWPH aU El O ATTOKTELVAS ; 


§ 14. He will next plead that the terms sworn to 
between the pariy of the Peireus and Athens cover his 
case and secure his indemnity. 

2 draywyhv, sic ego distinxi. draywyjv drdyewv nusquam in- 
venio. Scheibe cet. post Acoviovoy distinguunt. Totus locus 
difficilis vel pzne dixi insanabilis est. [6s] addidi, in re tam 
desperata aliquid periclitatus. 


86 





KATA ATOPATOY. 89 


I answer: These terms were between the party of the 
Peireus and that of Athens. There was no bargain 
between men in the same party, and he, like myself and 
Dionysius, was at the Peireus. Note—by pleading the 
indemnity he implicitly owns to the crime. 


\ an 
88 luvOdvopar 8 adtov cal rept Tov dpKkwv Kal 
‘ lal n UA / (< x \ 
mepl TOV cUVOnKaY pédrELY AéyeELY, WS TAPA TOUS 
/ / 
dpKous Kal Tas auvOnKas aywviterar as cvvebe- 
peOa mpos Tos év adore of ev tH Iletparei. 
/ t € a 
axedov wey ody TovTOLs tayupLopevos oponroryet 
b) / be > \ a x 4 x 
avdpopovoes evar: éeurod@y yodv i SpKous 1 
/ a 
cuvOnkas 7) xpovoy 7) EI’ ATTOSQPAL te Toveiras, 
ait S€ TO TpdywaTe ov TL TicTEvEL “KAOS 
3 fal (3 nn th 9 ” ye b) 
89 ayovietcOa. tpiv Oé, ® avdpes StKacTtat, ov 
y, x. / >’ ne ? I ie b) 
TpoonKel TEpl TOUTWY aTrodéyEeTOaL* GAN’ ws OVK 
> / »Q\ C.F: n \ , 
améypawev od6€ ot dvdpes TeOvacL, Tepl TOvTwY 
af lal 
KedeveTe AVTOV aTroAoyelaOaL. EmELTA TOUS OpKoUS 
Ue a an 
Kal Tas cuvOnKas ovdév YODMAaL TpoanKELY Hiv 
lal e a 
mpos TodToV. ob yap Gpkot Tots ev aaTEL TpdS 
90 Tous év Ilecpavet yeyévnvrar. ef pev ovv ovTos 
\ > 7 e tal eee? nh ie 2 G ” 
pev ev aoter nets & ev Iletparet jer, eiyov av 
/ a n n 
Twa OYoV avT@® ai avvOjKat: viv &€ Kal obTos 
> a 9 \ 9 3. UA \ z. 
év Ilecparet jv Kat éya Kat Avovicros Kat ovrou 
AMAVTES OL TOUTOY TLULMpOUpEVOL, WATE OVK ETTLV 


635 


640 


645 


nuiv éumodwv ovdév: ovdéva yap SpKov ot év 650 


Tlecpacet tots év evpace? dpooav. 


§ 15. He calls the Demos his father. If so, he deserves 
the death of a parricide. By releasing him now you will 
virtually declare that the loyal citizens, whose death he 
caused, were justly put to death. These murdered men 


90 AYSIOY VI [13] 


enjoined you to revenge them on him as their murderer. 
You are bound by your vote to show your abhorrence of 
the policy and actions of the Thirty. 
°K \ be / ” tal > #12 
K TavTos O€ TpoTrov épmouye SoKet ovY Evos 91 
6 / ” s ef A \ PAN n 
avatov a&vos elvat, dotis gdyol pév vO Tod 
Si 26 re ary a re] , 
nuov’..., Tov dé Shuov, dv avTos pyot TaTépa 
655 avTod eivat, paiverat Kaxwoas, Kal adels xal 
NN a / 
mpodovs €& wv éxeivos peilwv Kal LoxupoTepos 
/ / 
eylyveto. Satis ovv TOV TE Yyovm TaTépa TOV 
n \ > \ a an 
avTob éruTte Kal ovdév Tapeiye TaV ériTndelor, 
if \ \ /. a 
TOV TE TOLNTOY TaTépa adeireTo & hv bTdpYovTa 
/ a an a 
660 éxelivw aya0d, Tas ov Kal Sia TODTO KaTa TOV THS 
, th BA / >? z an 
KaKooews vouov a&wos éott Oavat@ EnuiwOnvar ; 
ye > an 95 sf 
IIpoonke S tpiv, & avdpes Sixactai, dacs 92 
a n n £, 
TiyLwpeiy UTrép exelvaV TV avdpav opmolws HaTrEp 
lo] / na 
Hpoav évl éxdoT@.  atroOvncKovtes yap tiv 
f \ a a a 
665 érécxn av Kal vpuiy Kai Tots GAXols atract 
an fal rn =) “ 
Tinwpely ITép chav avTov “Ayopatoy TovToVi ws 
nr fal > 
govéa dvTa, Kal KaKa@s Tovey Kal doov av 
4 a 
guBpayuv Exactos Svvntar. ei Tolvuy Te éxetvor 
2 \ \ U4 x AS a \ Cre 7 
aya0ov Thy Tok TO TAHOOS TO KpéTEpov 
/ > / a \ > \ e a 
670 pavepot eiot TerroinKotes, & Kal avTol tpeis 
¢ rn a wp 
OmoANoyElTe, avayKn vas é€oTt TavTas éxelvols 
}- Nunes? oe 4 ef QO\ al 
dirous Kal éritndelovs eivat, date ovdév paddov 
con x ea n CAN 1e ve > , 7 
Hp ) Kal ULOV Evi ExaoT@ eTETKN WAV. ovKOUY 93 
/ an lal / 
OUTE OoLOV OVTE VOuLMoVv wpiv eoTiv aveivat ’Ayo- 
te © a / a > a 
675 patov Tovtovi. wtpels Tolvur, ® avdpes ’A@nvaior, 
\ / >? \ > an / / b] @ >? an 
vuvt 8, érel ev TH TOTE YXpOV@, EV @ ExEtvot 
> / / 
améOvnoKov, ovx olol Te €xelvois éTapKécat 


26 Aliquid deest. Fortasse ’A@nvaios rerojjoOac: cf. § 70. 





KATA ATOPATOY. 91 


/ 
yeyovate dia TA TPdyyaTa Ta TEpLeaTHKOTA, 
vuvt, ev @ Svvacbe, Tiyswwpnoate Tov éxelvav 
govéa. évOupeicbe &, & avdpes ’AOPnvaiot, draws 680 
pay TavT@v epyov axeTN@TaToOY Epydonabe. ei 

\ > rn 6 i.e / a > / 
yap atownpiicbe “Ayopdtou Tovtovi, ob povov 
TovTo Svampattecbe, adrAa Kal éxelvav TOV av- 
Spav, ods oporoyelte tuiv evvous elval, TH avTH 
a~bndo tavtn Odvatov Katandiferde: atrodv- 685 
ovtes yap Tov aitiov dvta éxeivots Tov Pavdtou 
OX ” , Xr > / / e \ 
ovdevy AAO Yyiv@TKETE 7 EKElVOUS StKaiws UTO 
TovTov TeOvnKkévat. Kal ovTwas av Sewortata 
Tavtwv Twadorev, eb ols eréoKnmTov eKElvol WS 
a n e ‘ 
pirots ovot Tipwpelv UTEP AUTOYV, ODTOL Omondor 690 
Kat éKeivwv TOV avdpov Tois TpLaKOVTA ‘yEV?}- 
95 covTat. pndamas, @ avdpes Sixactal, mpos Oedv 
/ / / a 
"OdupTriov, pnte TéexvN pTE pnxavn pndepd 
4 > , a > fal / a 
Oavatov éxeivav Tov avdpav Katalndicnabe, ot 
ToAAa Kayaba was Toincavtes Sia Tadta U0 695 
Tov tTpidxovta Kat “Ayopadtou touTovi améCavov. 
avapynobérvtes otv aTavTwV TOV SeLVaY, Kal TOV 
a fal / lal 
KoWO@V TH TOL Kal TOV idiwv, boa éExdoTw 
b ey 2 Re. \ > A ef > / 
éyéveto * érrevd1 éxetvor of avdpes éreXevTNCAaYr, 
\ 
Tiuwpnoate TOV altioy TovTwY. aTrodédetkTat & 
¢€ a“ [cA > aA / \ > lal 
bpiv adravta Kal éx Tov Whdicpatev Kal éx TOV 
5] an ee) an ”- e A > / 
aToypapav Kal ex TOV AdrwY aTravTwv Ayopatos 
96 dv avtois aitios Tov Oavdtov. ért dé Kal mpoc- 
/ e lal td if lal / Ve 
nKer twiv évavtia Tois Tpidkovta WhdiferOat. 
Ov pev Toivuv éxetvoe Oavatov Katéyvwcay, byels 705 
> / a > > lal if, > / 
atowndicacbe: av & éxeivor Odvatoyv od Karé- 
*T éyévero. Scheibe et alii éyévovro. 


~y 


00 


92 AYSIOY VII [14] 


yvocay, vuels KaATAYWwOKETE. Of TPLAKOVTA TOLVUY 
TOV pev avdpav TOUTaY, of Hoav bpéTEpot irot, 
Oavartov katéyvocar, ov bel buds aTvrowndifer Bar: 

710’Ayoparov 6é ameWndicavto, Site edoKer Tpo- 
Ovpws TovTovs aToANUVaL’ Ov TpocnKEL KaTa- 
Wwnbiverba. éav ody Ta évavtia Tols TpLaKovTa 
wnditncbe, Tpatov pwev ody opowndot yiyvecbe, 
érresta Tots tuetépors avTav Hidous TETLMMPNKOTES 

715 écecOe, erevta toils Tacw avOparos S0€eTe 
dixata Kal dova Whdicacbat. 


ORATION “Vit. fi 4.) 


FoR THE PROSECUTION: AGAINST ALCIBIADES FOR 
DESERTION. BEFORE A MILITARY COURT PRE- 
SIDED OVER BY THE STRATEGI. 


§ 1. Wo preface is needed ,; the defendant's whole life 
shows hopeless depravity. I have wherited as well as 
personal reasons for endeavouring to secure his punish- 
ment, and I shall speak on the points passed over by 
Archestratides. 

‘Hyotuar pév, ® avdpes Sixacrtai, oddepiav 
bas wobeiy axodca Tpopacw Tapa Tov Bovdo- 
pévov “AdKiBiddov KaTnyopeiv: TovovTov yap 
moXiTny éauTov &€& apxns Tapécxev, BoTE Kal Ef 

/ O/ > f e ’ > an tg 

5pn tis dia adicovpevos tm avTodD TuyxaveEL, 
> \ e re 2 n ” > 
ovdéy ArTov TpoonKes ex TOV AXdwv €mLTNOSEDv- 
padtov éxOpov avtov iyyeicOar. ov yap miKpa Ta 
apaptnwata ovsé auyyvapuns aka, vd édrrida 


is! 








KATA AAKIBIAAOY A. 93 


TapéyovTa ws Etat TOU Nowrod Bedtiwv, aX’ 
ouT@ TemTpayyéva Kal eis TocodTO KaKias adcy- 
4 eo ee Tt ae Jey a eae 2 2 a \ 
péva, WoT em éviows’ @V ovTOS didoTIpEtTAL TOUS 
> \ > 2 3 \ / 2 cA 
éxOpovs aicyuverOar. éym pévtot, @ avdpes 
duxactai, kal mpoTepov pos Tos TaTépas uiv 
Siadopas itrapyovens, Kal Tadat TovTOY éyOpov 
wyoupevos, Kal viv tr avTtov TeTovOas KaKas, 
Teipdcouar Tepl TaVvTwY TaY TeTpaypévov pel 
buav avtov Tiwwpncacba. Tept pev odv TaY 
” > , e A / \ 
Gdrov “Apyertpations ixav@s KaTnyopnoe Kat 
yap Tovs vouous érédecEe Kal pdptupas TavT@v 
mapécyeto’ dca 8 ovtos TapadédoTrev, eyo 
if e A / 
Kxa@ Exactov tpas didako. 


§ 2. You have an important constitutional point to 
settle. The accused pleads that the law as to desertion 
(Aeirota€ia) only refers to desertion in actual battle: 
and that there having been no battle, he does not come under 
its provisions. I, on the contrary, contend that it applies 
to every non-appearance in the ranks on active service 
(orpatia), whether there be actual fighting or not. 


\ / , ¥ 
Eixos toivuy éotiv, @ avdpes Sixactai, é& ob 
THY Eelpnvnv éTroincdpeOa, TpaTOV Tepl TovTaV 
, \ , 
vuvt Sixafovtas pn povov dixactas adda Kal 
/ > \ / 8 > , [4 (4 
vomobétas avtovs yevécOat, eb eidoTas 671, bTrws 
- \ a A 
Gv vpeis vuvi TEpt avT@Y YVaTE, OUTW Kal TOV 
”. 4 e L4 > a 4 - 
adXXov yYpovoy 7 TOALS avTOLS yYpNoeETAL. doxet 
/ fol fal 
dé wot Kal TONTOU ypnoTOd Kal dixacTod diKaiov 
4 3 4 \ , LA 
épyov ¢ivat TavtTn Tovs vouous sdiadapBavewv, 


1 éx’ éviows Reiskius : MSS. éxwvexioss. 


Oo 


94 AY3IOY VII [14] 


\ \ / a 
30 darn els Tov AoLTTOY ypovoy pérrEL TUVOILcELY TH 
/ a , / € > 
move. TOAMwTL yap TEs Aéyew ws ovdels 5 
” / > Vy > \ 4 
évoxos éate Nevrotakiou ovdé Sevdlas: paynv 
4 
yap ovdeniay yeyovévar, Tov S€ vomov Kereveu, 
> A / \ UA > > / / 
édy Tis Alan THv Ta~w eis TovTIcw SeLdias 
35 &vexa, payouévoy TAV adAXov, Trepl TOUTOU TOUS 
/ 
atpatiotas Sixdtew. 6 8 vopos od repli TovTwY 
Zt / > \ \ ¢ , x \ Le! 
KeNEvVEL LOVOV, ANAA-KAL OTTOTOL AV pH TAapwWoLV 
lal A lal > / 
év Th Teoh otpatid. “Avayvodi wor Tov vomov. 


LAW AS TO ‘“ DESERTION” PUT IN. 


§ 3. The law, you see, defines two classes of offenders : 
(1) those who fall out in the presence of the enemy ; 
(2) those who do not put in an appearance in their proper 
rank. 

The question is, who is bound to appear? Those of 
course who are (1) of proper age, (2) put in the list by 
the Strategi. 

If he pleads that he served in the cavalry, and so did 
not cheat the State, I shall in return show that thereby he 
exposed himself to the provisions of another law, which 
forbids any one serving in the cavalry who has not passed 
his scrutiny (adoxipacrtos). His motives were (1) sheer 
cowardice ; (2) a contempt for the State, which he expected 
to fall, and so not be able to punish him. 


ft 
’"Axovere, @ avdpes Sixactal, OTL Tept audo- 6 
rn ” > 
40 répwy Ketrat, Kal boot dv payns ovens eis TOUTICw 
avaxopyowct, Kat door av ev TH Teh oTpaTLa 
\ lal v2 0 be / 2 decay. & 8 a 
py wapaor. oKxéacbe dé tives eicly ods det 
a \ , 
mapeivat. ovy oltives dv THY HALKiaY TavTHY 
if 

éywow ; ovx ods dy of otpatnyol KatareEwaw ; 





‘ KATA AAKIBIAAOY A. 95 


e n > 5 ” / es a / 
7 Hyodpar S @ avdpes Sixactal, d\@ TO voOUw 45 
Hovoy avTov THY TrOMLT@Y evoxoY Eival. GaoTpa- 
/ \ \ / x SILEEN, c a ef 
telas pev yap Sixaiws adv avTov ad@vat, 6Tt 
¢€ A a 
Katanreyels oAiTns ovK €&NAOE pel” Kuov oTpa- 
TOTPEOEVOMEVWY, OUOE Trapéoye peTA TOV GOV 
éavtov ta€ar,—Serrlas Sé, OTe S€ov” avdTov peta 50 
8 TOV OTALTOV KiVduVEvEeLY immEevelY ElNETO. KALTOL 
hacly avtov tavTnyv THY aToNoyiav TojoerOa, 
¢€ > 4 C > \ « / \ if 
@s éredytep immevev, ovdev ndikes THY TOALD. 
ER > e a A a? £ A / x 3 a 
éyo & Hryodpar Sia TODO tas Sixalws dv av’To 
> / Lg n uA / 37 
opyifec bar, OTL TOU VOLoU KEeXEVOVYTOS, EaVv TIS 55 
(f 
adokiwactos immein, aTyov elvat, éTodApnoev 
\ 
adokiactos immevew. Kat poe avayvads tov 
/ 
vomov. 


LAW PUT IN AS TO THE SERVING OF ddokipacTot 
IN THE CAVALRY. 


9 Odtos tolvuy eis todT Oe wovnplas, Kal 
oiitas tudv Kateppovnce Kat Tovs Trodeutovs 60 
gece Kal immeve éreOvpnoe Kal TOV vomov 
ovx édpovticev, Bate ovdéy avT@ To’TwY TAaV 
Kwdvvev éuérnoev, adr €BovrAnOn Kal aTipmos 
evar kal Ta ypypat avTod SnuevOjvar Kal 
mdacais Tais Keyévats Enuiais evoxos yevécOar 65 
HGAXOv 7) peTAa TOV TOATOV ElvaL Kal OTAITNS 


/ AN 4 a 2) , ¢ 4 
1o yevéoOat. Kal Etepor pev ovdeTT@TOTE OTALTEU- 


2 6éov dedi ego ; quod ante ab aliis propositum jam reperio, 
Scheibe, alii, detv. Totum locum dorpareias . . . eidero seepis- 
sime ab edd. vexatum mutatumque auctoritati Scheibii permisi, 
nisi quod orparomedevouévwy [al. os] . . déov scripsi. 


96 AYIOY VII [14] 


Lg / x AY ” , \ 
cavtes, immevcavtes 5€ TOV ANOV xXpOVvoY Kal 
LA 
MOANA KAKH TOUS TOAELLOUS TETTOLNKOTES, OUK 
f a / 
70 éroApnoav émt Tovs immovs avaBivat, SedioTes 
a \ Ie Oa 
vpas Kal TOV Vvomov: oUTw Yap HoaV TapecKEevac- 
/ > e > vs lo) / > el] > 
[EVOL, OVX MS aTroNOUMEVNS THS TOhEWS, GAN ws 
cwOncopéevns Kal peyarns eoopevns Kal TLuwpn- 
— gopévns Tors adcxodvtas: "AdKuBiddyns 8 éTOr- 
75 pnoev avaBhvar, odte edvous @Y TO TAHOE OvTE 
/ e 7 ” a b] . / ” 
mpoTepov immevcas ovTEe viv émiaTapmevos OUTE 
Hey he) c a / € > > , a 
vp vuov doxipmacbeis, ws ove eEecopevoy TH 
/ / x a e) ih ie 
monet OiKNY Tapa TOY adiKotYTOY apBavew. 


§ 4. Such insubordination, if suffered to pass, makes 
law useless. And it is no more cowardly for a man to shirk 
the first rank on the approach of an enemy than to appear 
among the cavalry when he ws assigned to the infantry. 
You should punish him to deter others from the same 
conduct, all the more because he is a conspicuous person. 
Thus the law will be feared: without which fear number- 
less men put on the lists of service would gladly yield to 
the temptation of shirking, the motives to which are many 
and strong. 


"EvOupnOjvar 5é ypn ort, ef e&éotar 6 Te av 
80 rus BovrAnTat Trovetv, oddév OhEXos vopovs KeicOat 
buds ovrréyerOar 7 otpatnyovs aipeicbat. 
Oavpato dé, & avdpes Sixactai, et Tis akvot, édv 
pév TIS TpocovTwv TOY ToAculwY THs TpeTNS 
Takews TeTaypévos THs SeuTépas yévntar, TovTOV 
85 pev Seiriav Katapnpiferba, éav dé Tis ev Tots 
omAltais TeTaypévos ev Tois iTmedvow avadharvy, 

ToUT@ cvyyveunv éxew. Kal pev Oy, @ avdpes 12 








13 


14 


15 


KATA AAKIBIAAOY A. 97 


2 / fal / a > / a 
Sixactai, nyodmar Sixakew tyas ov povoy TaV 
2 , of > 2 OF ns \ BA 
eEapaptavovtwy éEvexa, aXXN iva Kal Tovs addovs 
n / a \ 
TOV akoTpLovYTMY Twppovertépous TroLjTe. é€av 90 
¥ \ lal > ‘i if 
fev Tolvuy Tos ayvOtas KoralyTe, ovdels ExTat 
a ” \ > 
TOV ddrov Bedtiwv: ovdels yap eloeTar TOV Ud 
e A / aN \ \ > / 
tuav Katayndicbévta: édv bé Tovs éripaverta- 
n i? an / 
Tous Tov é€ayuaptavovTay Tipwpiole, TavTeEs 
4 / 
TEVTOVTAL, WATE TOUTM TapadelypwaTL ypw@pevor 95 
. a 4 
Bertious écovtTat of ToNiTat. éav Tolvuy TovToU 
/ al / 
katalndbioncbe, ov povov of év TH TédEL elcov- 
/ ‘ 
Tal, Gra Kal of cvppayor aicOnoovTaL Kal ot 
/ Z: \ / 
TONEMLOL TEVTOVTAL, KAL HYNTOVTAL TON TAELOVOS 
es ‘cp \ / 2\ Cu oe FEN nm i 
agiav eivat THY TOAW, av Opwaw ETL TOIs ToLOV- 100 
a , / ? n ? / 
TOLS TOV dpapTnuaTov wadicO vpuas opytCopévous 
a tA 4) nr 
Kal pnoemias cuyyvapuns Tovs akoopovvTas év 
a / I: > al 2 > 
TO Tortum Tuyydvovtas. ێvOupeicbe 8, @ 
” / [v4 a rn € > 
avépes Suxactal, OTL TOY OTPATLWTa@Y ol peEV 
if e \ a lal ~ 
Kdpvovtes éTUyxavov, of dé évdeets dvTes THY 105 
> / \ egs x e \ 5 a / 
émitnociwy, Kal ndéws Av ot péev ev Tails TOXECL 
/ > / e \ yy ode 
Katapeivavtes eOepatrevovTo, of b€ olKad a7red- 
f a > if 2 Ye e€ \ \ 
Oovtes tev oikelwy émepédXovTO, of S5é wAWidrol 
/ a an / 
€otpatevovto, ot & év Tois immedow éxwvdvvevov: 
> 4 a al \ f, 
GXN Guws ovK eTOAMaTE aTroNLTEiY Tas TaEeLs 110 
IO\ > Neate > A Cah ee > \ \ 
ovde TapecTa tpiv adtois aipetcbar, aNd TOU 
an a \ an / / \ 
padrov éepoBelcGe Tovs THs TOEWS VOpoVS 7 TOV 
\ \ / \ 
mMpos Tovs Todeuiovs Kivdvvov. Ov yYpn mEeu“VN- 
/ a \ fel ip a 
Mévous vas vuvi THY Whdov épev, Kal Tact 
\ a > \ / 
gdavepov trovety OTe “A@nvaiwy ot pry Bovropevos 115 
a / be ? a n 
Tols Toews payed Val Up Lov KAKS TELTOVTAL. 
3 karapndioncbe. MSS. xaraynpreiode. 
H 


120 


125 


130 


98 AYSIOY VII (14] 


§ 5. If an appeal is made in the defendant's behalf on 
the ground of his father’s greatness, I answer that tt 
would have been a good thing for the city if the famous 
Alcibiades had been executed for his first act of insubor- 
dination ; and as he was afterwards condemned to death, 
it is a curious claim, that his son should ask to be 
acquitted for his sake. If men are to be excused for 
their father’s services, who will get satisfaction for us 
for the losses we sustain by their all conduct? No, the 
only possible defence for Alcibiades is to prove either that 
he did serve as an hoplite, or had passed his scrutiny before 
serving in the cavalry. 

‘“Hyodpat 8, @ advdpes Sixactat, rept pev Tov 
vosov Kal avTod Tod TpdypyaTos ovy EEew adTous 
6 te réEovaw: avaBaivovtes © vpas éEartncovTat 
Kat avtTiBorncovaly, ovx akodvTes ToD *AXKt- 
Buadov viéos TrocavTnv SevNiay KaTayv@val, @S 
éxeivoy TOAA@Y ayadav ANN ovyxt TOAOY KAKaV 
aitvov yeyevnmévov, Ov eb THALKODTOY dvyTa aTreE- 
KTelWaTe, OTE TPOTOV eis vwas éAdPeTe éFapap- 
TavovTa, ovK av éyévovTo cupdhopal TocadTaL TH 
more. devvov dé pou Soxei, @ dvdpes SixacTail, 
eival, €L avTod pev éxeivou Oavatoy KaTéyvare, 
Tod 6€ viod adixobyTos 80’ exeivoy aTronduciobe, 
ds avTos pev ovK éTOApa peO KuodV payecOa, 
0 6€ TaTHp avTodD peta TOV Torepwlov nElov 
otpatevecOar. Kal dre pev Talis dv obra SHdOS 
i oTrotos Tus état, Oud TA TOU TaTpos apapTy- 
pata Odiyou Tots évoexa mapedoOn: érrevdi) bé 
mpos Tois éxeivm Tempayyévors éetictacbe Kal 
Tv TovTov Tovnpiav, dia Tov Tatépa édeEiv 


SN b) a > 5 / @  . 
QUTOV aELWOETE ; ovK ovv SELVOV, @ avdpes dikac- xh 








KATA AAKIBIAAOY A. 99 


Tai, ToUTOUS péev oUTwS EVTUYEIS Elval, WOT, 
> \ 3 s a \ \ —, 
éredav éEapaptavovtes AnPOact, dia TO avToV 
4 , e al s > > Vd \ 
yévos calerOat, nas Sé, ef edvaTtvyjcapev did 
Tous ovTws aTaKTodvTas, pndév av Svvacba 
\ n f b] / 4 \ lal 
Tapa TOV ToNEiov éEartncacbar Sia* Tas TOV 


, > 4 a A ral \ s 
19 Tr poyov@v apeTas ; KALTOL TO & Kal peyanrat 


, aan ee ulin ea Aae , , \ 

Kal uTép aravtwy Tov EXXnvev yeyovact, Kai 
lal 4 / 

ovdeyv Buoras Tois UTO TovTwY Tepl THY TOL 
” cr 

TeTpaypévois, @ avopes Sixactai. et & éxeivos 

rn 4 Sf , \ 

Soxova. Bedtiovs civat cw@fovtes Tors didous, 

a 4 » a a J Ul / 3 , 

SnArov Ore Kal vets apeivous SokeTe eivar Tiypswpov- 


\ ? 4 > aA > — v / 
20 pevot Tos €xyOpors. abia 8, @ avédpes SixacTai, 


2 


- 


éay péev Tives TOV auyyevov avTov é€atTaVTAL, 
4 

opyifecOar Ste TovTOU pév OvK eTreyeipnaoay Sen- 

a ‘A o 

Ova, H Senbévtes ovK edvvavtTo etpécOat, Trovetv 
\ a / / a 

Ta UTO THS TONwWS TMpooTaTTOpeva, Tyas Sé 

fal \ a , 

tweiGewy TELpOVTaL WS OU YPN Tapa TaY adLKovY- 
/ / > a , a s Ul 

tov dSikny AauBdave: éav 5€é Ties TOY apyovTaV 

BonOdow atta eériderEw pev ths éEavtdv dSuvd- 

pews Trocovpevot, diroTimovpevor S€ 6TL Kal Tovs 
lal / VA a 

havepas nuaptnxotas ca@lew Svvavtat, twas bé 

xp) UvToNapBavety Tp@Tov peV OTL, EL TaVTES 

/ fal 

"ArKiBiddn Goon éeyévovto, ovdév av Eder Tov 

otTpatnyeiv (ovdé yap av eiyov btov ryoivTo), 

¥ > i-4 \ A > \ ¢ al 

érev OTL TOAV paAdov aUTOVS TpoTHKEL TOV 

/ tal fal 

MemovT@y THY TAELY KATNYOpElVY 7) UTEP THY ToOLOU- 

> A / Vi od ‘ \ 

Twv amodoycicbar. Tis yap éotw édAmls Tods 


4 Ga. Scheibe, alii, und’ vy. Codex Laur. uydé &a, quorum 
Cobetus 5:4 verum esse posse, uydé alienum putat. éfacrnoacPae 
Tas dperas fortasse intelligi potest, sed nota bene verbis da 7d 
airay ~yévos respondet. 


140 


160 


100 AYZIOY VII [14] 


” > / a Nise \ n a 
dddous eVeAnoew Troleiy Ta UTO THY OTPATHYOV 

/ \ 
165 mpootatTopeva, STav adTol ovToL Tovs aKo- 

a a x a 
opovvtas cave meipovTa.; éyo Toivuy aka, 22 
av pev amodeliEwow ot AéyovTes Kal aiTovpevot 
ey 5) , € 5) , 5 ime © , 7 
vmép “AdKiBiadou ws éotpatevoato év Tois oTAL- 

EN ¢€ ¢ , / 2 s : 
Tats ) @s immever Sedoxipacpévos, aTowndbica- 
170 cOat- éav dé pndév Exyovtes Sixavov Kedev@ow 
a n \ ip 
avtois yapiver Oar, weuvjcbar ypy ote dudacKov- 
n n na / 
ow vmas eTLopKEiv Kal Tots vomols pny TelDecOaL, 
A eh fe t a > an an 
Kal OTL AlLav TpoOVpws ToIs adiKodat BonOodyTes 
\ a > a V4 lal / 
TOANNOVS TOV AUT@V Epywv eTLOupEiy TroLncoUCL. 


a ee Cn Or ee 


§ 6. But even vf rt were admitted that the good personal 
character of aman was a reason for absolving him of 
some actual misconduct, Alcibiades could not claim this | 
indulgence ; for he spent a youth and early manhood ~ 
defiled by debauchery, treachery, and piracy,—and that 
though he was the son of a father whose treasons he ought 
to have tried to compensate by his own vegularity and 
struct morality. 

175 Oavydfm Sé paddiota, @ dvdpes Sixactai, el 23. 
Tus vuov Tov "AdKiBiddny akvooe dia pev Tods 
BonOodvtas cw@lerOa, Sia 5 tiv abtod trovnplay 

AN 2 if ia ” ig rn > fal oAmel 
pn ~aTrodécOa. Hs ad&vov tyads akovcoar, iv 
) / c/ > xX > / > an >) / 
ériatnabe OTL ovUK av EiKOTws adTod aTrondifor- 

180 c0c, ®s TadTa pev nuaptnKkdTos, Ta 8 adda 
ToNLTOV YpHTTOV yeyevnuévod* ex yap TOV aArNwV 
TOV TOUTS TeTpaypuévar SiKaiws av avTov Oava- 

, a Senet on \ 
tov Katawnpifoicbe. mpoonxer S tpiv rept 24) 
avTov eldévat érrerdyn yap Kal Tév aToXoyou- 

185 pévov atrodéyerbe Aeyovtwv Tas operépas adTav 








KATA AAKIBIAAOY A. 101 


apetas kal tas TOY Tpoyovey evepyecias, EiKos 
bas Kat Tov KaTnyopwv axpoacba, éay azro- 
gaivact tos hevyovtas TwoAda eis tyas Tyap- 
THKOTAS Kal TOUS TpOyOvOUS aUT@V TOANBY KAKOV 
25 aitious yeyevnuévovs. Oidtos yap mais pev Sv 190 
Tap “Apyednum TO yAduwovl, odK Oiya TOV 
e / e / - e s > \ aA 
UpETEp@V UdNPNLEV@, TOAAMY OP@VTMV ETL TO 
oTpepat.” Kataxeipevos exopate cai pel hyépar, 
avnBos étaipay Exwv, plpovpevos Tos éavTov 
Tpoyovous, Kal Hyovpevos ovx av Sivacbat Tpec- 195 
Burepos @v Aaptpos yevécOar, ei py véos dv 
, / a la > e X 
26 Tovnpotatos Sofer eivar. peteTTéuedOn & wo 
*ArkiBidbou, érevdn havepas eEnudptave. Kaitou 
Toiov Twa xpn avTov id wuav vopiterOar civat, 
doTts KaKeiv@ ToLavT émitndevov SieBEBANTO, ds 200 
Tovs adXous TavT édidacKke ; peta Oeoripov sé 
émiBouhevcas TS Tatpt "Opeov® rpovdwxev. 6 
A \ \ / 4 x eo 
S€ mapadkaBov TO ywpiov TpdTepoy pev UBpitev 
> LA, ' e cad w r A Y A > 4 
auTov wpatov ovta, Tedevt@y Sé Sycas apyupiov 
5 éwi rd. . éralpay Exaw. Scheibius Exwe pév xd deropare 
. . €xwate 6€ Codex X sic locum exhibet, é: pér ixd 7g 
abrouatt xaraxemévos éexouate pe quépay GynS8os éraipay Exur. 
Nihili est adréuarz. Augerus latere vidit 7g at7G c7Tpouare 
Immo dele atr>. Quid autem de &: pwéy censendum! Cobetus 
éxue. Aliialia. Cobetus irridet tr 7G atvg otpepare. Mihi 
ért péy id sic ortum esse videtur. Librarius cui éxi 7G oTpe- 
pare parum placebat superscripsit id, quo in textum recepto, 
éxi factum est éri, deinde pew . . dé ab edd. addita sunt. Sic 
verteris: ‘‘multis videntibus in lecto stratus interdiu etiam 
comissatus est cum amica, quam adhuc pretextatus habehat.” 
Ta oTpouata = 7 KNivyn, Arist. Vesp. 1213, et pro éxduate cf. 
Demosth. 1356. Ile (vel Rhetor qui cara Neaipas conscripsit) 
sic aliquem accusat xawi detxva Exuv alrhy ravtaxoi éxopeteto, 
Srov wiv exdualé 7 del wet atris xTX. 
6 "Qpety. Scheibe’Opveas. Oreus urbs in Eubeea sita—Xen. 
Hell. 5, 4, 56; olim Histiea appellata—Strab. x. 1, 3. 


102 AY3IOY VII [14] 


] 4 € \ aS TieaN e I / 
205 eloempatteto. o S€ TaTHp avTov oUTwS euice 27 
/ e/ 2 >? x b) / 7 \ 
apodpa, dat odd adv amobavovtos épacKke Ta 
lal > 
doTa KopicacBar.  TereuTHGaVTOS 8 éxelvou 
> N / > / aN / 
épactis yevouevos “ApyeBiddns avrov édvcato. 
> a \ [f ev 4 \ 
ov TOAN® S€ Ypovm VaoTepov KaTaKuBevoas Ta 
n fol e 
210 dvta, éx Aceves axths opwa@pevos tors didous 
f oi 5 5 
KateTrovtitev. boa wev ov, @ avodpes SixacTal, 28 
yy) els TOvS ToNiTas % Eis TOUS olKelous 7) TeEpt 
\ ig aA fe x \ \ ” e€ / 
Tous avtov Eévous 7) wept Tovs AdAOVS HudpTHKE, 
\ x ” / ¢ / \ \ 
pakpov av ely déyew: “Imovixos 8€ TodXovs 
/ 2e/ \ ¢ a a 
215 mapaxanreoas eerreurre tiv avtTod yuvatka, 
ddcKkwv ToOTOY ws ovK adeApov' aN ws avdpa 
si 
éxelvns els THY olKiay etovévat THY avTOD. Kal 29 
apy € / \ ef A \ \ 
Tolavd jpapTnKoTe Kal otTw Sdewda Kal modda 
: LE n 
Kal peyada TeTOLNKOTL OTE TOY TeTpaypyévav 
n a / 
220 a’T@ perapérer ovTE THV peAdOVTMY EcecOaL, 
arn ov ® ev Kocpimtatov eivat TOY ToNTOY, 
/ a a 
aToXoylav Totovmevov Tov éavtod Blov Tav 
TOU TATpPOS apwapTnUaTwY, OvTOS ETépous DApifew 
Teipatat, waoTrep Suvdpevos av TONOTTOV jLépos 
a b] lal a € a / a ” 
225 TOV dvetdov THY éavT@® TpocoVvTwY Tots adrOLS 
an an \ 
petadodvat, Kal tad? vids av ’AdKiBiadov, ds 30 
” \ vA / > i 
érevoe peev Acxérecav Aaxedaimovious ériteryioat, 
pea. \ \ / b / ” / 
émt d€ Tas vycovs amocTncwy émdevoe, S1dd- 
a a / a 
Kaos O€ TOV THS TOAEWS KaKa@V éeyévETO, TEO- 
s \ \ al > an > eae 48 / 
230 vans Sé peta Tov exOpav él Thy Tatpida 
a a >’ 
€oTpaTEevcaTo 7) MeTA TOV TOALTaY ém ExelvoUS. 
7 ddehpdv. MSS. ddeXpov avrfs, quod manente éxelyys nihili 


est : nec in avrod bene vertendum est si els riv olxlay rhy abrov 
respicias. 8 add’ by Scheibe. Al. dv w&ddov. 





KATA AAKIBIAAOY A. 103 


av? av Kal dyiv Kal rots péddXovow ~Ececbat 
Tiwpeic Oat TpoonKe Svtiwa AapBavete ToUTOV. 

31 Kaito cpodpa eiPictat Aéyey WS OvK EiKOs éoTL 
Tov wev Tatépa avTod KatedOovta Swpeds Tapa 
Tov Snpov rAaBeiv, TodTov 8 adixws Sia THV 
guynv thy éxeivov SiaBeBrAcOa. éyoi && Soxez 
Sevov eivat, et Tas pev Swpeas avdTod adgeihec Ge 
@s ov Sixaiws SedmKdtes, TovTov Sé abdiKodvTos 
atownduicbe ws Tov TaTpos ypnotod epi 
THY TOA YyeyevnuEvov. 


§ 7. His appealing to the achievements of his father is 
a great yrece of audacity ; for he dares to compare his 
operations against the city to yours when trying to recover 
wt. And as to Alcibiades’ great power, of which he spoke, 
wt consisted in his unscrupulousness. Who could not 
inflict damage on his country if he chose to betray all her 
vulnerable points to the enemy? This is what Alcibiades 
did, nor did he ever venture to stand an audit as to the 
money he took from the public under pretence of his in- 
fluence with the king of Persia. 


32 Kat pev 89, @ avdpes Stxacrai, adXwv Te 
Tora a€voy eivexa avtov Katandicacba, Kai 
Ort Tais tyetépars apetais ypitat Tapadetyparte 
wept Tis éavTod Tovnpias. TorAma yap éyew 
@s "Ar«iBidins ovdév Sewvov eipyactar eri thy 

4 - 

33 watpida otpatevoas: Kal yap vas dhevyovtas 
\ A \ / fal x \ 
Purnv xataraBeiv xa Sévdpa Tepeiv nai rpos 
Ta tTelyn TpocBanreiv, cai tadta Troijcavtas ovK 

” a \ ca > \ \ \ 
dveldos Tois Taicl KaTaduTelv, adda TiYLhY Tapa 
Tacw avOpeTras Ktncacbal, ws TaY avTaY éyTas 





235 


240 


245 


250 


104 AYSIOY VII [14] 


b) / ef / BS a / SEN \ 
a&iovs Ocot puyovTes META TOV TONEMLOY ETL THY 
/ 
Yopav éotpatevoay, Kat boot katnecav Maxedat- 
/ papery | \ / \ \ \ n 
poviay éyovTwy THY Tok. Kal pev 812 TaoLV 
955 e an on 5 a e \ be / / 
255 jyovpat OnNov Eivat OTL OVTOL peVv EGNTOUY KaTLEVAL 
fol \ 
@; Thy pev THs Oardtrns apynv Aaxedaipoviors 
a f \ 
Tapad@acovTes, avtol & wvuav aptovtes: TO 8 
¢ / an \ x, \ iF 
bpétepov TANHOos KatehMov Tovs pév TodeEpulous 
fal lal \ 
éEntace, TOV O€ TONLT@Y Kal Tovs BovropLévous 
260 5 fe / Ar, 0é gn aa } e / a ” 
260 dovrAEvey NrEvOEpwoeV: WOT OVY OMolwY THV Epywv 
/ \ / a 
appotépors yeyevnuévav Tovs Royous Toveirat. 
> 2 ef Uy: fal \ [vA > el 
AXN O¢as TocovT@Y cuspopav Kal OUT MS AUTO 35 
4 if a > \ al a / 
peyahov vTapyovcay él TH TOD TaTpos Tovnpia 
al \ / €; b] tal / 
PiroTimetTat, Kal Neyer WS OUTwS ExElVOS péEeya 
|e Ne A 4 fal A / a y 
265 édvvato, @oTE TH TONEL TaVTMY KAaKOY aiTLOS 


a3) 
- 


- an rn 
yeyévntat. Kaitou Tis oUTwS aTrELpOS THs EavTOdD 
if a > xX / 95 \ 
matpldos, os ovKk dv BovdAopevos eivat Trovnpos 
n a \ 
elonynoatTo fev TOS ToEemlots & YP? KaTada- 
a lal / / PK A a / 
Beiv Tov xwplov, Snrwcee 8 av & KaKwS hUdaT 
270 rerar THY dpoupiwv, SidaEee 8 Av A TovNpas 
n / . 

exer TOV TpaypaTav, unvicee S av Tovs Bovdo- 
pévous adictacba, Tov cuppdxyov; ov yap 36) 
‘ fal 
Syntou, OTe pev Edevye, Ova THY Svvapw KaKds 
el 9 a / a 
ol0s T Hv trovety THY TOALY, errerdn Oe pas 
éEaratyicas Katie Kal ToAdaY pEE Tpinpar, 
oUTe Tovs ToAdeulous édvvaTO EK THS KoOpas 
éxBanreiv, ovTe Xiovs ods atréaotnoce TadwW didous 

- a ” bY Q\ ? \ CHA > , 
Toujoalt, ovTe AAO ovdev ayabov Kas éepyacac- 

\ A 

Oat. aot ov yarerrov yvavat 6Tt ArKiBiadns 37° 
DQ / \ OY n s ’ 
280 duvaper pev ovdév TOY adrNwV Suépepe, hg (dae: 
a fal an G4 « A 
dé TOV TONTOV TP@TOS HV. A wev yap der TOV 


bo 
-~I 
Or 








penne 








KATA AAKIBIAAOY A. 105 


A A lel cal 
ipetépov Kaxds Eyovta, pnvuTns auTdév ois 
3 

Aaxedaipoviows éyéveto: eed 8 ede avdTov 
cal fal J 

otpaTnyciv, ovdev KaKov TroLeiv Exelvous eduvato, 

XN 

GAN trrocyopevos 8: éavtov rapéEev Bacidéa 
, L Fy , , er , 

xpnpata, TEOV 7 dvaxoo.ta TadXavTa THS TONES 


bo 


85 


fa a 
38 UdeineTo. Kal oUTM Toda evopitey eis tyas 


e V4 4 / PA \ b- 
qpapTynKévat, @aoTe éyew Suvdpevos Kai irwv 
évTov Kal xXpnwaTa KexTNwEvos ovdéTToT éAO@V 
evOvvas étorpnoe Sodvat, adda dvynv avTod 
Katayvors Kal Opaxns Kal dons TOdEwS EBov- 
Reto Toritns yevérOar padrov 7} THs TaTpidos 
€lvat THS éavTOD. Kal TO TEAEUTALOV, @ avdpes 
Suxactal,. bTepBornv Toincdpevos THs TpoTépas 
, Sah \ a “A \ 
Tovnpias eTokpnoe Tas vaus Avodvipe peta 295 


bo 


90 


39 Adeyavtov mpodovvat. wate el Tis DUoV 7 


\ @ a > a f aN a x ¢€ X 
Tous TeOvedtas ev TH vavpayia deel,  UTép 

fal ral / 
Tov SovrevedvTwY Tois TodELloLS alaxtvETal, 7 

A lal / lal 
ToV Teryxov KaOnpnpévov ayavaxtei, } Aaxedat- 

A lal 4 > / 
provious picel, 7) Tots TptaxovTa opyifeTat, ToVTwY 300 
Z r 
admdvT@v xp} Tov ToUTOU TaTépa aitioy ryeicOat, 
al > \ / 
Kat évOvpnOjvar ote “AdXKiBiadny pév Tov Tpo- 
rn XN \ 
Tarmov avTov Kal Tov TaTpos Tpos pNTpos 
/ td , / 
mantov Meyaxréa of tpétepor Tporyovor Sis 
> / >} te a x \ > fal ~ 
audotépouvs eEwotpadxicay, Tov d€ Tatpos avTov 305 
fal , 

oi mpecBuTepor buoy Oavatov KaTéyvwcar, waTE 


40 DIV xpi) HyNnoapévous TatpiKov éxOpov TodToV 


eivat TH TONE KaTaWndicacbat, Kai prjte EXeov 
PATE ouyyveunv pte yxapw pnoeuiav rept 
@relovos ToincacOar TaV vopwv TeV Ketpéevwv 310 
kal TOV GpKwv ods @pocate. 


106 AYSIOY VII [14] 


§ 8. You can have no motive for sparing such men as 
the defendant or his father, stained as they are with the 
most hideous crimes and debaucheries. Neither ws there 
any hope—as in some cases—of his improving uf mercy 
is shown him ,. nor ts he of such manly or intrepid character 
as to be an object of fear if you make him an enemy. 

Condemn him therefore for the sake of example, and 
to be rid of him from the State ; seeing that he is clearly 
guilty under this indictment, though I have not been able 
to state a tithe of his misdeeds or those of his father. 


/ %) U 
LKéeracbar 5é ypy, @ avdpes Sixacrai, dia Ti 41 
/ lal de 
dv Tis TovovTav avdpav elcalto ; TOTEpoOY ws 
AN \ i / / - \ 
mpos pev THY Tod SedvaTuynKacw, adrAwS de 
Ly (pane \ / , > e 
315 xoopuol eioe Kal cwdppovas BeBioxacw ; ovyx ot 
pev TorAol avTev HTaipyjKaciy, ot dé adedrdais 
, ral ? lal / 
cuyyeyovact, Tos & é« Ovyatépwv Taides yeyo- 
ie / 
vacw, of 8& puoTHpla TerroljKace Kal Tovs 42 
a / 
‘Eppas tmepexexdpacr al rept mavtas Tovs Oeovs 
é > ih AN >] ee x LA ic / 
320 noeBnKkact Kal els ATacay THY TOkW nmapTn- 
/ \ \ 
Kacw, adikas Kal Tapavouws Kal Tpos Tous 
yy / x \ an 2) \ 
Gdrovs SLakeimevot Kal TPOS ohas avTOUS TOX- 
if lal / / y 
TEVOMEVOL, OVdEMLaS TOAUNS aTeyopevol, OvOE 
gpyou Sewvod arretpor yeyevnucvor ; adda Kal 
/ ¢ 
325 merdv0act Kal TemoujKacw aTavTa. ovT@ yap 
ef fal al 4 
SidkewTat, WaT emt pev Tols KaNOls aioxyvved Gat, 
an al a \ / 
éml 8& Tots Kaxois dirotipetcOar. Kai pév 8%, 43 
an / 
&@ dvdpes Sixactal, Sn Twadv arelndpicacbe 
n 4 Pd \ \ 
adixeiv pev vouloavtes, olopevos 0 eis TO AovTrOV 
fal / iN e x 
330 ypnolpous ipiv éoecOar. tis ody Edis TO 
\ A € a 
rovTov Tu ayabov TeicecOat THY TONY, OV vLELS, 
/ \ A 
Ore pev ovdevos aEvds eat, éredav arodoyhrat, 


2 


KATA AAKIBIAAOY A. 107 


/ A 
elcecOe, Ott Sé Tovnpos éoTw, eK TOV Aaddov 


44 emiTndevpadtov yoOnobe ; “AAA pev 87 Odd av 


45 


46 


47 


a / n 
éFeXOav ex Ths ToAEws oddeyv SUVaLTO KaKOV bpas 
\ 
épydcacbat, Seidos dv Kal wévns Kal mpartew 
a \ rn 
advvatos Kal Tots oiKetows Suddopos Kal UTo THY 
” 4 LA 3 > \ rd 4 
GdXwv pucovpevos. WaT ovdé TovTwY éveKa 
avtTov aé.ov pudarreaGat, adrXa TOA case 
mapdderypa. Ba a Kal Tots adrors Kal Tots 
tovTou dirous, of Ta pev TporTaTTomeva Troveiy 
> > }- 7 2.5, 1S. > A \ 
ovK €0éXovat, TorovTav 8 Epywv emvOvpovot, Kai 
Tept TOV odetépwy avTav KaKas PovdevodpeEvor 
Tepl TOV tweTépwov Snunyopovorr. 
if 
"Eye@ pev ovv ws edvvdunyv apiota KaTnyopyKa, 
b] / 2° a fc: \ ” aA > / 
érictapat © tt of pev AANOL TOV akpowpévov 
, 4 > A b] a b) / 
Oavydtovow, ras TOP otTws axpiBas edvvnOnv 
éEevpely Ta TOvTwY dywapTHata, ovTOs Sé pov 
a e 2Q\ x / ” an 
KaTayend, OTL ove TOoANOTTOY pépos EipNnKa TOV 
re / lal al 
ToUTos UTapYovT@Y KaKdv. tyeis ody Kal TA 
eipnucva Kal Ta Tapanredeympéva avadoyiodpevot 
TON padrov av’tod Katandicacbe, évOvpn- 
/ / an A 
Oévtes btu Evoyos pév eats TH ypaghy, weyaryn & 
> / \ Z n > fol / 
EUTUXIA TO TOLOUTMV TOALTOY aTTaNAaYHVAal TOKEL. 
] > a / 
Avayvobs & aditois tovs vopwous Kal Tovs OpKous 
\ \ / 4 
Kal THY ypadynv: Kal TovT@V peuvnuévor >Wndt- 
ovvTa Ta Sixata. 


RECITATION OF LAWS ON WHICH THE SPEAKER 
RELIES ; THE OATH OF THE JURORS; AND TEXT OF 
THE INDICTMENT. 


335 


340 


345 


355 


108 AY3IOY VIII [16] 


ORATION VIII [16] 


For THE Derence. For MANTITHEUS, ON HIS 
‘SCRUTINY’ WHEN ELECTED INTO THE BOUuLE. 
THe ACCUSER HAD OBJECTED TO HIM THAT 
HE HAD SERVED IN THE CAVALRY UNDER THE 
Tuirty. THE CASE IS HEARD BEFORE THE 
Bouts. 


81. If tt were not for their evident evil animus, I 
should thank my accusers for giving me the opportunity 
of triumphantly vindicating my loyalty and general 
character. 

> \ / 9 , a f 
Ei py curvndev, @ Bovry, Tols KaTHYyopoLs 
A x / a an 
Bovropévors éx TavTos TpoTTOU KAKaS Euée TroLEty, 
ToANY av avTois yapw elyov TavTHS THs KaTN- 

/ ¢€ a \ 6 b] / / 
yopias: nyotpat yap Tois adikws SvaBeBAnpEvors 
5 TovTous eivar peyictwv ayabav aitious, olives 
dv avdtovs avayxatwow eis EXeyyov TOY avTots 
n / 

BeBiwpévov Katacrivar. éyo yap ovTw odo- 2 
Spa euavte Tictevw, wor édrTifw Kai el Tis 
ae d rn 

mpos pe Tuyyaver andas* SiaKxelwevos, érrevdav 

b] n / > / \ n if 
10 €ewov A€yovTos aKOoVvon TEPL TMV TETTPAYLEVOY, 
é ’ a \ \ / ? \ 
MeTapEAncELY a’T@ Kal Tov BeATiw pe Els TOV 

/ fal 
Rowrrov xpovov iyynoecOar. atid 8é, & Bovdn, 3 

rn / al . 
cay pev TodTO povoy vpiv érdelEw, @s EvvoUS Eipl 
Tois KabecTHnKOCL Tpaypact Kal @s HYayKacpaL 
15 Tov avtav Kivdivov peréyew byiv, pndév TH 


1 dndds Cobelus. Vulg. andds 7) kaxds. 


YIIEP MANTIOEOY. 109 


2 \ 
foot TAéov eivats éav O€ haivwpat Kal Tepi TA 
\ i 
adXa petplos BeBioxos Kal Todd Tapa thy do€av 
/ a lal 
kal Tapa Tovs AOyous Tos TaY éxOpav, Séopat 
ig a ae \ ry o: Yh be e lal fa} 
tuav ewe pev Soxiyudlew, Tovtous 6é aAyetoOar 
/ 5 Le] a ed / i > 
xelpous elvat. mpaTov dé arodeiEw ws ovy 20 
immevov ovT émednpouy ert THY TpLadKOVTA, OVSE 
an / 
peTécyov THS TOTE ToNTElas. 


§ 2. They charge me with having served in the cavalry 
under the Thirty. The fact is, I was not at Athens 
when the walls were being destroyed, and the revolution 
in progress. Is it likely that when I came back I should 
have wished to mix myself up in such troubles, or that 
the Thirty should have cared to give me any share in 
their constitution ? 

The official register of the cavalry made by the Thirty 
as not good evidence, because many names are there of 
those who never served, many absent who did. Much 
better evidence is that of the lists given in by your orders 
to the Phylarchs to recover the cavalry allowances. In 
these no one pretends that my name appears. Besides, if 
I had served in the cavalry, and could show that in so 
doing I did no one an injury, I should be in the same 
position as many others who have since been elected to 
various offices. 


id n « ¢ \ \ a i 
4 Hydas yap o matnp mpo ths év “EdXAnororvte 
n ¢ / me \ >? a / 
oupsopas as 2drupov TOV ev Te Tlovt@ dcavrnoo- 
b nr wn 
pévous é&éreurve, Kal ovTe TOV TeLyYa@Vv KaBatpov- 25 
/ x” v4 fol if > > 
pévoav ovtTe peOtotapuévns THs TodwTelas, aA 
\ n a 
MAOowev piv tos aro Pudijs els tov Tecpara 
ra / 
SKateNOciv mpotepov TrévO rHuépats. Kaitou ov'TE 
a \ a 
nuas eiKos av els ToLodTOV KaLpov aduypevous 
> A , a ’ / / 
érlOupety ueTéyew THY adroTpiayv Kivdtver, 30 


110 AYSIOY VIII [16]. 


? tad / / 
ob? éxeivor halvovrat Tovadrny yvounv oxovTes ” 
oe a a n 
@OTE Kal TOLS aTroonmodat Kal Tois pndev eEamap- 
/ a val 
Tdvouat peTad.dovat THs ToNTElas, GANA paddov 
ntipavoy Kal Tovs cuyKaTadvcavTas Tov Shop. 
35”Emeta && é« pev TOO cavidlov Tovs immevoavTas 6 
a ” / b 2 wi \ \ \ 
oKotreiv evnbés eotiv: ev TOUT yap TONNOL peEV 
a ¢ uA 
TOV OmoroyovvTwy (mmever ovK everowv, Evior Sé 
an / al 
TOV ATOSnMOVYTaV éTUyeypappévot Eeloly. EeKELVvOS 
8 éorlv ereyxos péytotos: erred) yap KaT- 
40 4rXOeTE, Ernpicacbe Tos Puddpyous amreveyKety 
Tovs immevoavtas, Wa Tas KaTacTacels ava- 
/ 3 ’ > rn oe. / > \ XN 
mpaénte*® tap avTav. ue Toivuy ovoeis av 7 
> / pS dee drew) , e BN a s 
atrobelEevev ovT atrevexOévta Ud THY puAdpyov 
ovte Tapadobévta Tots cuvdikols OTE KaTATTACLY 
~ le na / a n 
45 mapadaBovta. Kaitou Tact padiov TOvTO yvavat, 
Ott avayKaiov hv tois puddpyxows, ei pt) atro- 
SeiFecav * Tovs eyovTas Tas KaTacTdoeELs, avTOIS 
a uA / 
Enuroda0at. wate TOAD av SuKaoTEpoy EexElvols 
al 4 . 
Tos ypadupacw 7) TovToW TioTevoTes eK pev 
AS St ie: io > n a 
50 yap ToUT@V padvov qv éEarerpOjvar t@ Bovdo- 
> * / \ \ e / > lal 
péve, ev éxeivots dé Tovs immevoavTas avayKaiov 
jv two Tov hurdpyav areveyOjvar. “Ere 86, 8 
9 / ” / > Xx 9 »” € 
@ BovAy, eltrep tmmevoa, ovK av hv éEapvos ws 
/ , b > > fs > / ¢ 
Sewov Te TemoinKas, AAN Helou, atrobelEas ws 
55 ovdels vr euod TOV TONTaY KaKds TréTroVOe, 


2 gybvres Sauppius. MSS. éxovres. Rarissime cxev sine 
prepositione invenies ; sed aoristo opus est. 

3 Al. dvampdrryre. Sauppius avarpdéare. Vid. quod de hoe 
subj. adnotavimus. Cf. Goodwin, M. and T., p. 70. 

4 drodeltecay Cobetus ut magis Atticum pro drodelEaey (MSS. ) 
scribi jussit. Vid. Donald G. G., p. 179. 


YIIEP MANTIOEOY. 111 


SoxipaterOar. ope S& cal buds Tav’Tn TH yvoOun 
Xpapévous, Kal ToANOds ev TOV TOTE immTEVTdD- 

VA i. > > lal N 
tov BovrXevovtas, ToANOs 8 adT@Vv oTpaTnyoUs 
Kal immapyous KexelpoTovnuévous. wate pndev 
de adXo pe Hyeicbe TavTnv TroveicOat THY atro- 60 
Aoylav, } Ott Twepipavas éToApnoady pov KaTa- 

SS , vA / x vA 
yevoacGa. ‘AvaBnOs dé por kal paptipyaor. 


EVIDENCE GIVEN THAT THE DEFENDANT’S NAME 
WAS NOT IN THE PHYLARCH’S LIST OF CAVALRY. 


\ \ / , a b ae > sO) of 

9 Ilepit pév toivuy tavtns tis aitias obdK oid 6 

te Sef mrelw Aéyerv: Soxet Sé por, @ Bovdrn, ev 

\ a Mv: ? a X > a , a 
bev Tois aXXOLS ayYWoL TEPL aUT@V povwy TaY 65 

/ a 
KaTnyopnpévav TpocnKev atroroyeicOar, év Sé 
tais Soxipaciats Sixatov eivat Tavtos Tod Biov 
, , , > jeebers > > , 

Noyov Sidovar. Séopar otv tyav pert evvoias 

axpoacac@ai pov. Troincouar O€ Thy aToANoyiav 
e xa 4, \ 4 lof 
as av Sivapa dia Bpaxvtatov. 70 


§ 3. Having disposed of that charge, I proceed to 
speak of the blamelessness of my life in general :-— 
(1) Though much hampered in my means, I endowed two 
sisters and gave my brother more than his share. (2) 
All the dissolute youth of the city you will find are my 
enemies. (3) I have never had any action, private or 
public, brought against me. (4) I have served in the 
army at the Haliurtus, and as a hoplite when I might 
have served in the cavalry; and supplied poorer 
citizens with the necessary means to enter on the expedition. 
(5) I served with credit in the Corinthian expedition, 


75 


80 


85 


90 


95 


112 AYZIOY VIII [16] 


and thence volunteered for Baotia when Agesilaus i- 
vaded it. 
"Ey@ yap mpetov pév ovcias pot ov Todds 
\ ‘ a 
Katarepbeions Sua Tas cuppopas Kal Tas TOD 
\ \ x lel / 4 \ + \ 
TaTpos Kat Tas THs ToAews, Svo pev adedpas 
\ a f \ 
éFédmxa, émidovs TpidkovTa pvas éExaTépa, Tpos 
Ni > \ > ef b] Le e ? ? rn 
Tov adedhov 6 ovTws Eéveluaynv wot é€xelvov 
© lal a a / 
mréov omoroyery Exetv euod TOY TAaTPewV, Kal 
\ \ bY ef ef if 4 
Mpos TOUS adouS aTraVTAS OVTwW BeBioxa wore 
5 f / be \ (v4 be bY4 
pnder@moré pot pndé mpos eva pndev &yxrAnpa 
yevécbar. Kal Ta pev tdva odT@ SidknKa* Trept 
na an / an ' 
5é TOV KoWaY pot MéeyLaTOV iYyoDMaL TEKuNpLOV 
a n ca / 
elvar THs ewhs érvecxelas, OTL TOV vewTépwv GooL 
yA / Xx N’ dh, 
mept KvBous  ToTovs 7) Tepl Tas ToLlavTas 
axoracias TUyyavover Tas SLtaTpLBas TroLovpevol, 
/ > \ 7 , lé ” bY 
TavTas avtovs derVE por Siadopovs dvTas, Kal 
WreioTa TovTOUS TeEpl €“ov AoyorroLovYTas Kal 
revdopuévous. xKaitot dhrov Ott, ef TOY adToy 
a id > 
érreOupodpev, OK Av ToLAaUTHY yveOpuNV Eixyov Tepl 
> n ” > #* , DIO Aes A > A \ 
éuod. ett 0, @ Bovry, oddels dv arodetEat Treph 
€uod Svvaito ovte Siknv aicypav ovte ypadynv 
/ / 
ovUTe eioayyelay yeyevnuévnv: Kaito érépous 
Cc oa Vf 
OpaTe ToAdaKIs Els ToLOVTOVS ayovas Kale- 
/ » AY 
OTHKOTAS. Tpos TolvuY Tas oTpaTelas Kal Tovs 
4 \ \ N / / 
Kiwwdvvous TOUS Tpos Tovs ToAELovs oKéacbe 
lal / a 
olov éwavrov Tapéyw TH Ode. TpP@~Tov ev 
6 
yap, Ste THY cuppayxlav érroijcacbe Tpds Tors 
¢ 4 a 
Bowwrovs kal eis ‘Adlaptov er BonOeiv, wo 
/ e SP 
"OpOoBovrAov =KaTetheypévos immeverv, é7rELd?) 
ne ie 
TavtTas éwpwv Tois pev immevovaw achdrecav 


12 


YIIEP MANTIOEOY. 113 


eivat 8° vouifovtas, Tots 8 omAitais Kivduvor 
e /, e / > / > a \ oe 
Nyoupevous, ETEepoVv avaRavTwy emi Tous imTous 100 
adokipdctev Tapa Tov vopov eyo Tpocedav 
édnv TO OpOoBovr(» eEareivrai pe Ex Tod KaTa- 
/ fal 

Royou, wAyovpevos aicypov eivac tod TAGous 
pédXovTOs Kivduveverv Adecay EwavTe TapacKeva- 

/ ~ 
cavtt otpateverOar. Kai por avaBn&, “Op@o- 105 
Bovune. 


THE EVIDENCE OF ORTHOBULUS. 


14 é LudAreyévtwv Toivyy tay Snuotav Tpo Tis 
, cal 
e£0dou, eidws avtav évious ToNXitas pév ypnoTovs 
évtas Kal mpodipous, éfodiwv S€ aropotvtas, 
eirov OTL xp TOUS ExovTas Tapéyeww Ta ém1TH- 110 
- / 
Seva Tois atopws Siaxepévors. Kal ov povoy 
ToUTO cuveBovrEvoV Tois ANS, GAAA Kal avTos 
éd@xa dvoiv avépoiv tpidxovta Spaxpas Exartépa, 
> € \ / > > lA 
OUXY WS TOAAA KEKTNMEVOS, GAN iva Tapdeevypa 
fal ree ». , ig > / ~ 
ToUTO Tots adXols yevntat. Kati poe avaBnte, 115 
4 5 
mapTupes. 


EVIDENCE GIVEN AS TO THE DEFENDANT'S 
CONTRIBUTION OF 60 DRACHM. 


- , 
15 Mera tadta Ttoivyy, ® Bovdr, eis KopiwOov 
Li , 
é€odou yevouévns Kal TavT@v mpoedoTay 6rt 
/ 
Senoer xivduvever, étépwv avadvopéevav éyw 
5 6h, Scheibe dev. Sed 6h, ut sepe, sententiam alterius nec 


ab eo qui loquitur probatam notat. 
I 


114 AY3IOY VIII [16] 


: / e a ’ / / 
120 dverpaEdunv woTe THs MpwoTNs TeTAYpLéVvOS MAXE- 
aOat Tots TroNEwlows: Kal paddioTa THs hweTépas 
n / 
durjs Svetuyncdons, kal TrEie Twv évOavorTar,° 
iortepov aveyopnoa Tod ceuvod Yreipiews Tod 
an / 
Tacw avOpwtros Sethiav @vediKoTos. Kal ov 
a e / ef Ni an 2 / 
125 mrodXais tépats Dotepov peta Tadta év KopivO@ 
/ Fe n / ef 
XOplLOVv ioYUPOV KATELANMMEVOV, BATE TOUS TONE- 
/ \ bu t > / > bd 
piovs pry Svvacbar tpocrévar, “Aynoiddov 8 eis 
/ n 
viv Bowrtiav éuBarovtos, Wydicapévav Tov 
/ 
apxyovToy atoywplicar Takers aitives BonOncovet, 
, 9 
130 hoBoupévwv amdavtwy (eixoTws, @ Bovar: Sevvov 
a A ! 
yap hv ayarnTas odiy@ mpoTepov cecwopévous 
>4? ig / 2 / AS oem \ 
ep étepov xivduvov tévar) tpoceOav ey Tov 
le pI > \ \ € / lA 
tablapyov é€xéXevov akANpwrl THY jweTépay TAEL 
TéeTELV. WoT El Ties tuaV dpyifovTaL Tos TA 
AY n , > an / > \ aA 
135 ev THs Tordews akstovor mpdtrew, éx S& TOV 
7 
KLVSUV@V dirodipacKovew, ovK av dikaiws rept 
eHoo THD epny Tadrqy éxyovev* ov yap povoy 
Td TpooTarropeva €7rolouv m pois, GrXra Kal 
Kwvduvevey Tomar. Kal TadT’ érolovy ovy ws 
\ 
140 od Sewov sryovpevos eivat Aaxedaipmoviow paxe- 
a) > ? os ” aA > if y 
oGat, arXXN tva, €l WOTE AOLKWS ELS KlVOUVOV 
a n / 
Kabiotaipny, Sia Tadta Bertlov bp buov vourto- 


pevos atdvtwv tov Sixaloy tuyxdvoyuu. Kai 


VA 
fot avdBnte ToUT@Y pwdaprupes. 


8 Auger évarobavdvrwr, Scheibe évrat0a Javévrwv malit. 





YIIEP MANTIOEOY. 115 


EVIDENCE AS TO THE DEFENDANTS CONDUCT IN 
THE CORINTHIAN CAMPAIGN AND THE EXPEDI- 
TION INTO BcotTIA. 


§ 4. If I have been orderly in my general conduct, do 
not let my forwardness tn military matters be quoted 
against me ; for from such conduct you all are gainers. 

Nor let it be held to be discreditable that I ventured to 
take part in politics at an early age. I confess to being 
amlitious to serve my country as my ancestors did. I 
am encouraged further by noticing that you show especial 
favour to such ambition: and you, after all, are the sole 
judges in the matter. 


p fol , lal ~ - 
18 Tov toivyy GdXev otpatet@v Kai dpovpav 145 
ovdemias atedeifOnv TaTote, adda TavTa Tov 

Li re 
xpovoy Siatetéhexa peTa TOV TP@T@V peV TAS 

/ , - 
é€odous Totovpevos, peTa TaV TerEUTAiwv S€é 
advaxywpav. Kaitor xpn Tos giroTtivws Kal 
Koc piws ToNTEVOopeVvoUs Ex TOV TOLOUTMY cKoTreiV, 150 
> > > ¥ a7 XA - - \ X 
GAX ovK € TIS ToApa, 1a ToUTO pice: Ta pev 

‘ a 
yap To.atra émitndevpata ovTe Tovs idvwtas ovTE 

AX X - / / > X 2 
TO KOLWOV THS TONwS PAXdTTEL, ex SE TOV KW- 
= 8 tA 26 , x \ , Cd 
 Suvevety EGeXovTwy Tpos Tovs TroNEpious AGTraVTES 
19 byels @dedeiobe. Gate ovx aEiov aT Gvrews, @ 155 

Bovry, ote hidreiv ovTE puceivy ovdéva, GAN ex 

TOV Epywv cKoTeiv: TodXol pev yap pLKpov o.a- 

/ / 
Aeyopuevot Kal Kocpiws Tepiepyopevor® peyddov 
od / fol 
KaK@Vv aitiot yeyovacwy, Etepor S€ THY ToLlovT@V 





nae SoCs TAM HE 


7 rokug. Hamakerus vult xoug, quod certé cum dx’ byews 
- - GN’ éx ray Epyer optime jungitur: Cf. Arist., Eq. 580 
8 repepxouerar, al. durexoueran. MSS. dxepyduevor. 





160 


165 


170 


175 


116 AYSIOY IX [17] 


3 A \ > AN e lal ) 3 
auedodvTes TONNA Kayaba vas Elo eipya- 
opévoe. 
J / 

"Hén S€ revev yobounv, @ Bovrgy, Kal bia 
Tabdta axOopéver pot, OTe vewTepos av érexeipnoa 

/ > lal if 5) \ \ \ \ lal 
réyerv ev TO on pe. eyo S€ TO pev TpwTov 
2 / ¢ fal ’ na , 
nvayKkacOny bTép TOV EwavTOD TpayuaTtov dSnun- 
yopicat, erevta pévtor Kal euavT@ Sox® pidortt- 

/ an a nr 
poTepoy SdiaTteOhvat Tod SéovTos, Gua pev TOV 

/ 

mpoyovav évOupovpmevos, Ste ovdéy métavyTat 
an rn / fal a 
TOV THs TOkEwS TpaTToVTEs, dua Sé buds opav 

\ \ > aA N / Y 4 / > / 
(Ta yap adnOn xpn Aye) ToOUTOVS povous aklous 

¢ al an vA 

vomifovtas elvat. WoTE OpaV was TavTnY THY 
yvounv éyovtas Tis ovK adv érapbein Tpatrew 

\ th i? \ a / y+ \ 7 KN fal 
Kal réyew vrép THs TorEws ; Ete O€ Ti dv Tots 
TOLOUVTOLS ayOorcbe ; ob yap Erepot Tepl avTaV 
KpiTad elo, ANN’ vpels. 


ORATION (ES (ir) 


For THE CLAIMANT AGAINST THE TREASURY, ON 
A DISPUTED CLAIM UPON THE CONFISCATED 
PROPERTY OF ERATON. 


§ 1. I am no speaker, though perhaps you may think 
Iam. But listen to a plain story. Eraton borrowed 
two talents from my grandfather. He paid the interest 
as long as he lived. On his death his property was 
divided among his three sons, who failed to pay the 
interest. Immediately after the Restoration my father 
sued the third son, Erasistratus, who was the only one of 


21 











ATAATKADSIA. 117 


the three in Athens, and obtained a verdict for the whole 
debt, which his third share did not cover. So all 
Erasistratus’s property ts legally mine; and I have a 
claim upon the property of the other brothers also. But 
meanwhile the whole estate of EKraton was confiscated ; 
and I can prove (1) that the whole estate was adjudged 
to me, (2) that it was all included in the confiscation, 
even the third share which was Erasistratus’s, and of 
which I had nominally taken possession. 


fl | MS e la) Ld ” ry Py / 8 \ \ 
cos Tives tov, ® avdpes SixacTtal, dua Td 
/ / »” 3 / e a \ 
BotrccOai pe aktov eival Tivos HyodvTat Kal 
> a x a , ay 2 / se N \ 
elmreiv Avy paddov éErépouv Sivvacba: eyo sé 
nr 4; 
TocovTou Séw Tepl THY pi) TpoenKOVT@Y Kavos 
3 vA 4 i \ \ WWiagh a > 
eivat Néyew, OoTe SédouKa pr) Kal Trepl oY avay- 
at > , is 5 , 9 \ , 
Katov pol éott eye, advvatos @ Ta SéovTa 
eltretv. olowar pev ovv, av Tavta Sunynoopat 
lal x 
Ta TeTpayyéva Huiv mpos “Epadtava Kal Tovs 
> / a ¢ / P > An Ly a c. / 
éxelvov tratdas, padiws €€ avtav twas evpjcevy 
a / / \ , a 
& mpoonke oxéeyacOar Tept tavTns Ths Siabs- 
kaclas. é& apynhs otv axovoate. 
3] SY re € ial 0 n \ 25 / 
pdtav 0 ’Kpacipevtos ratip édavelcato 
Tapa ToD 逓ov Tammouv TdXavTa Ovo. Ste pev 
9 »/- b / Nae’ AL > / 
ouv enaBe Tapyupiov Kal as rorobray Ye édenOn 
Saveicat, Ov évavtiov e600, Maptupas vpiv Tap- 
eFopar: as & exprearo avT® Kal boa oped On, 
of padrov Te ewov eidotes Kal TApayeyEevnjLevol 
a : a / 
ols éxeivos érpatte Siunynoovtar viv Kal wapTup- 
govot. Kai pot xddeu wdptupas. 


1 Cobetus Néyev abesse vult. 


118 AYZIOY IX [17] 


EVIDENCE AS TO THE ORIGINAL LOAN, 


, 
20 "Ews tolvuy 6 ’Epdtwov én, tovs Te ToKOUS 3 


dmedapBavov eyo Kal TaAdNa TA ouUyKElpeva: 
erred) 88 éreXeUTNTE KaTANUTa@Y viovs TpEIS, 
"Epacipavra xa “Epatova cat ’Epaciotparov, 
odtor ovdey ere tiv Tov Sixaiwy érolovy. €v 

25 pev obv TO Tordgu@, SidTe ovK ioav Sixat, ov 
Suvatol Fwev wap avTav & bpetrov mpd~acbar: 
ered!) 58 elpivn éyéveto, Ste mep MpOTov at 
dotixad Sika edixdtovto, Aaxov 6 TaTHP TaVTOS 
Tod cvpBoralov "Epacictpate, Somep povos TOY 

30 dderdav erredijper, xatedixdoato él Revarvérov 
dpyovtos. paptupas S& cal rovtov mapéEopar 
ipiv. Kai pou xddeu waptupas. 


EVIDENCE OF THE SUCCESSFUL SUIT BY THE 
SPEAKER’S FATHER AGAINST ERASISTRATUS. 


¢e/ ? 
Ort péev ta’ Epatovos dixaios av jpérepa ein, 
2! {A er O/ cd x / / 
éx TovTav padsov eldévat, OTe Se TavTa SnpeveTat, 
35 €& aitav Tav atoypapav: Tpeis yap Kal Tér- 
he. 
tapes Exacta atroyeypddact. Kaltor TovTO ye 
/ 
Tavtl evyvwoTov, OTL OvK Av TapédTOY, El TL 
” an ’ 4 el > 4 / 
dddXo Tav "Epatwvos oiov te hv Snweverv, TavTa 
\ ay s > vA Weck \angs oeatiay | \ 
ta “Epadtwvos amoypadortes, kal & éy@” Tokuy 
/ 
40 dn ypovov KéxTnpmas. 


§ 2. This, then, is my proposal. JI cannot now 


2 MSS. cat Aéyw. Locus multum vexatus est, nec quidquam 
pro certo habeo, e.g. in MSS. rhv wdvra rd ’Epdrwvos legitur. 


ATAAIKASIA. 119 


recover from any individuals, for the whole estate is con- 
fiscated. While I was dealing with private individuals 
I claimed the whole. But now that I am claiming from 
the State, I only ask for one-third, to be calculated with 
liberality in favour of the State. I value my third at 
Jifteeen mine, whereas Erasistratus’s third has been valued 
at more than a talent. Let the surplus, whatever it be, 
when the property is sold, go to the State. 


‘Os pev odv jpiv ots érépwbev eiomrpaEacbar 
Z a fal / 
olov te, av tyels tadTa Snuetonte, evyvwoTov 
a Ga ¢ \ \ b) lh > 
5 wot Soxel eivar ws b€ THY apgdisBnTHOLW é7roOLN- 
/ al / 
cdpnv Tpos Te tuas Kal Tovs idiwtas, ETL aKov- 
cate. ws pev yap Hiv ot "Epacipevtos oixetoe 
TovTov TOV xpnudTov nudicByTovv, aravTa 
/ rn 
HElouv éua eivat, SuoTe bmép Amavtos Tod ypéws 
r x \ tS > 
avTidiKav mpos Tov matépa o ‘Epaciatpatos 
€ / \ X \ > aye ak? LEROY: , 
HTTHON: Kal Ta pev Upynttot dn Tpla ery pepl- 
a \ a \ a Sak: 3) / 
cOwxa, Tov dé Kixvvol cal ris oixlas édixalounv 
fal i tA 
toils éyouor. Tmépvor péev odv SueyparyavTo pou 
Tas Sixas, Ewropot pacKxovtes eivary vuvi 6é 
td a lal 
Aayxovtos ev TH Lapmuave pyvi ot vavtodixat 
> 2 / 2 XN Ee hac Ae | A 3 
ovx é€edixacav. émevd) S tyiv ta Epatwvos 
Si ” b] \ aA / N tf / \ 
Snpevew ed0ev, adels TH TorAEL TA dvO pépy TA 
> ie od aA n / fal / 
Epactotpatov a&va pot WndicOijvas, diote TabTa 
/ 
ye On Kal TpoTepov éyvaxate nuéTEepa eivar. 
4 Ly a \ / / n 
@pirduny ovv éuavt@ TO TplTov mépos Tis éxeivav 
> / > \ > {i > / bp AN 
ovcias ov THY axpiBeav émicKelrauevos, adda 
a le x \ Uh id a / iC 
TOKN@ TAEOY 7) TA dvo pépn TO Snuooio virons- 


Oo 


t CF x A b a iL a 
7 Tov. pad.rov dé yvavar é€x Tov TiwnpaTtos Tov 


8 "Epdrwvos Meier, cui assentit R. C. Jebb, Att. Orat., vol. i. 
p. 801. Vulgo ’Epacipavros. 


45 


50 


55 


60 


120 AYSIOY IX [17] 


al / 

erriyeypaumévou Tos xpnuacw.  amavTa pev 
yap Nelovos 7) TardvTov TeTiunvTat, oY S eyo 

> a A \ / a a \ f 
apdicBnt® TH pev Tévte pvds TO SE yirlas 
'\ > Zz x > / bd / 
65 dpax was eTeypavrauny: Kab el mXeElovos akia 

\ 

eat %) TocovTov, aToKnpuYOévTwY TO TEpLTTOV 

€ / / oe 5 On ¢e a 
) Todus AppeTa. wa odv EdHTe OTL TAavTA 
GdnOh éott, paptupas tyiv mapéEowat mpatov 
\ n a 
pev Tods peuicOwpévous Tap e“ovd To LhnTTot 
70 xwplov, erevta tod Kixvvot Tous yelTovas, ot 
v e a mv / ” > a 4 
icacw nas non Tpla érn apdiaBntovvtas ert 
dé Tovs Te Tépvow apEavtas, Tpos ods ai dixat 

vA a 

EAnxXOncav, Kat Tos .vdv vavTodikas.  avay- 
f \ | 2 an \ 2 \ cs 3 / 
vooOncovtar O€ tyiv Kal adtal ai amoypadgat: 
> / 4 / , d ” ‘ 
75 €k ToUT@Y yap wadioTa yvooerOe OTL OVTE VEewaoT 
TadTa Ta ypnpata akiodwev HpéTepa eivas, ovTE 
vuvl TO Snpociw TrrAELO ydia BynTovpev 7) TO 
@ Onpootg ovov apdisBnTovper 7) Té 

4 a >) , / / 
eumpocbev ypov@ Tots idubtais. Kati pou xarev 

papTupas. 


EVIDENCE OF ARCHONS, NAUTODIC, AND OF CERTAIN 
PERSONS LIVING NEAR KIKYNO. RECITATION 
OF THE SCHEDULES. 


/ \ \ / 
80 “Ore pév, & avdpes Stxactai, od Tapa Td b- 
a ’ 
Katov aba por WwhdicacOar To Svadixacpa, adr 
> \ an / \ a b na > \ a 
aUTOS TH TodEL TOAAA TMV Eu“avTOD adeEis TOVTO 
lal an / 
ak&id pot atrodoPhvat, arrodédecxtar. dn Oé pot 
fal fol lal 45 fal 
Soke’ d(kavov civat Kal denOjvat tmav TE Kal TOV 
85 cuvdixwy évavtiov bmav. 





| 





YIIEP TON APIZTO@®AN. XPHM. 121 


ORATION X. [19] 


For THE DEFENDANT, CHARGED WITH THE CONCEAL- 
MENT BY HIS OWN OR FATHER’S ACT OF SOME 
OF THE CONFISCATED PROPERTY OF ARISTO- 
PHANES. 


§ 1. The gravity of the issues of this trial, my own 
inexperience, and the disadvantages necessarily attaching 
to a defendant, make me of course anxious. Many a 
man has perished on a charge, the falsity of which has 
been discovered too late. Pause, then, and hear what I 
have to say. 

/ > / / e > \ e / 

TloxAnv por aropiav Tapéyet 0 aywv ovTodi, 
5 BY | fee ? A i x eae 
@ avopes Sixactal, drav évOvunOe OTL, av éyw 

5 XN a 5 ” > I 02N 2 \ Se 
pev pn vuV ev €lTw, OV MOVOY €y@ adda Kai O 

4 A 
matnp dSo&eu addvKos elval Kal TOV dVT@Y aTdVT@V 
9 N \ 
oTEepjcopar. avayKn ovv, eb Kai pr) Sevvos Tpos 
Tavita mépuxa, Bonbety TO TaTpl Kal euwavT@ 


cf ed x uy \ \ a 
20UTWS OT7WS AV Svvwpac. THVY fev OVV TaApa- 


\ a a Cs igs \ 
aKevnv Kal mpoOvpiay tov éxOpav opate, Kal 
RAS an A a / AS pee | \ 3 
ovdev det Trept TovTwVv réyerv: THY O Eunv arres- 
\ 
piav wavtes tcacw, boot ewe yuyv@oKovaw. 
> / iy ¢€ nan / AN es / 
aitjcopar ody tpuas Sixata Kal padia yapicacbat, 
5 >? an \ e A ? an 4 n 
avev opyis Kal uav akodcal, woTEP TOV KATN- 
/ > 7 x \ 4 Xx 
3 Y0pav. avayKn yap Tov aToNoyovpevov, Kav €& 
icov axpoacbe, EXatTov éxew. of pev yap Kx 
rn / ’ yA > X ” 
ToANOV Ypovouv emBovdXEvOVTES, AVTOL avEev KLV- 
/ \ / / a 
Sivev dvTes, THY KaTHYoplay éerroLncaYTO, *eEls 
/ an 
Sé ayoviloucOa peta Séovs Kal diaBorgjs Kal 


15 


122 AYSIOY X [19] 


, 5 
KivdUvou peyictov.  €iKds ody tpas evvoLaV 
Trea eye Tois amodoyoupévors. olwar yap 4 
20 mdvtas bas eidévae STL TodAOL dn ToAAA Kal 
a / 
Sea KaTnyopncavtes Trapayphua eEnréyyOnoav 
, lal 
apevdopevot oT davepds, bate Urép TavTaVv 
Tov TeTpaypevav pucnbévTes amreNOeiv: of 8 avd 
paptupnoavtes Ta revdn Kal adikws arrohécavTes 
5) , ja is / > N 9 / a 
25 avOpwrrovs eddwoay, nviKa ovdev HY TAEOV TOLS 
/ n 
meTrovOocw. OT ovv ToLadTAa Toda yeyévnTat, 
€ ? N: > Ua SN ¢ a = x / 
@s éym akovw, eikos buds, @ avdpes SixacTai, 
\ a td i a 
unre Tos TOY KaTnYyOpav oyous HyetoBar 
mirToUs, Tply av Kab tpels elm@pev. aKxovw yap 
” \ id nr N: n\ \ 3 2Q/ 
30 éywye, Kal tuav S& Tods modXAods oipas eidévat, 
ce , } ie if 2 8 / / 
éTe TavT@V SevoTaToV éaTL diaBodyn. padtoTa 6 
\ a oY + > a ee NSN an 
dé todto éyou dv Tis idEetv, GTav ToAXOL ETL TH 
avTh aitia eis ayOva KaTacTaoW. ws yap éml 
x \ a lA 
TO ToAv of TereVTaloL KpLVOpEevoL aw fovTat: 
/ an a lal n 
35 Tweravupévoe yap THs opyhs ad’tov axpodcOe, Kat 
\ / ” , > 2 
Tous éhéyyous 70n OérovTes atrodéyerOe. 


wn 


§ 2. What a hard case is mine! Nikophemus and has 
son Aristophanes (my brother-in-law) were put to death 
without trial ; were refused burial ; their property was 
confiscated ; and the children of Aristophanes, thus de- 
prived of means, are dependent on me. And yet I am 
now also in danger of losing what my father—that liberal 
patriot—left me, on the ground of being in possession of 
part of his property ; at a time too when the treasury ts 
so poor that any one engaged in a suit affecting the revenue 
is at a special disadvantage. 


"EvOvupeiabe ody ote Nixopnpos wal ’Apioto- 7 





YIIEP TON APIZSTO@AN. XPHM. 123 


ghavns axpitot avébavov, rpiv wapayevéoCar Twa 
rs 3 
autois édeyxopuévors @s ndixovy. ovdeis yap ovd 
f. 
eidevy éxeivous peta THY oUAANYWLW- ovde yap 40 
, A 4, > > - > / > > oe 
Oayat Ta TopaT aiTav aTédwxav, GX ovTw 
Seivn 4) cupdhopa yeyévntat Bate Tpos Tois GAXots 
§ Kal TovTov éotépnvTat. adda TadTa pév édcw 
ovdey yap av Tepaivoyu- torv S€ abdwrepot 
Soxodci pot oi Taides of “Apiaotogdvovs. ovdéva 45 
4 fae a) Ld a Pe , 28 , > , 
yap our idia ovre Snpocia HdiKnKOTES Ov povov 
Ta TaTp@a aToXwWAéKacl Tapa Tovs vopoUs TOUS 
/ 
ipetépous, ada Kal 7 UrodoLTTOs EATris Hv, tO 
Tov wammouv éxtpagjvat, ev ovtw Seve Kalé- 
> cat ~~ 
goTnxev. Tt & hyeis eoTepnpevor pev Kndectar, 50 
éotepnuévor S€ THs Tpoixos, Tatdapia dé Tpia 
> / l4 / Yh 
nvayKacpévoe Tpepetv, TpoceTt cuKohavTovpcOa, 
Kal xivduvevouev Tepl OV of Tpoyovot jyiv KaTé- 
Nurrov KTnNodpevot ex Tov SiKaiov. KaiToL, @ 
Vs 5 é , CS aN \ 2 g a Bi a 
avdpes Stxactal, 0 éuos TatHp &v GrravtTt TO Biw 5 
’ > \ Lf 2 , 2 > Cie N ‘ 
TED ELS THY TOALVY avadwoeV 7 ELS AUTOV Kab 
% > ’ / 1 5 ie ~ ¥ wer. 
Tous oixeious, TeTpaTTAacLa S€ 7 Viv EoTLV Hpi, 
@s éym Aoyifouéva aiT@ TorddKIS Tapeyevounr. 
10 7) OUV TpoKaTayiw@oKeTe adikiay Tod eis abToV 
pev yuxpa Satravavtos, tiv b€ toddka Kal 60 
s ccd r 
éxacTov Tov éviavToV, GAN ocot Kal Ta TaTpea 
XV ¥ , s 2 > \ > / 
kai av ti Tobey AaBwouw, eis Tas aicxyiotas 
11 HO0vas e(Oicpévor ecicivy avadicxev. yareTrov 
\ bo = ” ld > . x 
pev ovv, ® avdpes Stxactai, atoroyeicOat Tpos 


Or 


1 rerparddova (i.e. 3 x\dova) ‘nunc e Spengelii emendatione 
scripsi. Coll, § 59 et 61.” Scheibe. Vulgo d&xddoua. 
2 AdSwocu, Codex X py SGcu. Alii aliter correxerunt. 


124 AYSIOY X [19] 


65 boEav i ip €vLot exovee rept THS Noxopjpov ovalas, 
Kal omavi apyupiou u vov éotw év TH TONE, 
Kal Tod ayavos mpos TO Snpdctov dvTos* Suws dé 
Kal TovTav vTapxovTwoy padios yrooerbe OTe 
ovk adnOh éott Ta KaTnyopnpéva. Séopar & 

70 ipav macy Téxyvn Kal pyxavn pet’ evvoias 
akpoacapévous jpov dia tédovs, 6 Te av vplv 
dpistov Kal evopKdtatoy vouitnte eival, TovTO 


wndpicacbar. 


§ 3. Now, was my father likely to have fraudulently 
withheld this money? Remember he did not seek the 
alliance with Aristophanes for his daughter, but gave her 
on the request of Conon. Moreover, his whole conduct,— 
his marriage with my portionless mother, his selection of 
poor men as husbands for his daughters, of a portionless 
wife for me, his son,—proves that he was not likely to be 


grasping. 
IIparov pév odv, & TpdTm KNOecTal uiv éyé- 12 
75 vovto. didaEo tpas. otparnyay yap Kover 
mept IleXomovvncor, TPLNPAPXNTAVTL TO €U@ 
mar TaNat piros LEVEVTPEVOS, édenOn Sodvat 
Thy aderpyy aitodyTe TH vied TH Nexopypov. 4 13 
Sé dpdv avtovs tm’ éxeivou Te TeTLaTEvpEVOUS © 
80 ryeyoveras Te €TlEeLKels TH TE TOAEL EV YE TO TOTE 
xpove apécKovTas, evreia On dovval, ovK Eidos THD 
eoopenny SiaBorjv, GAN Ste Kal buav ooticobv 
dy éxelvous jElwoe Kndectiys yevérOar, érel OTe 
ye ov ypnudtov eévexa, padiov yvavar éx TOD 
85 Blov maytos Kal Tov Epywv T&V TOD TaTpds. 
éxeivos yap OT iy év HrLKia, Tapov META TONY 14 














YITEP TON APIZTO@®AN. XPHM. 125 


/ fo} BA . \ bas / >- 
XPNUAToV yhwar adAAnv, THY eunY pnTépa éEhaPev 

2O\ + / d \ ey a > 
ovdéev émridepomévnv, OTe 5é Fevopavtos jv Ov- 
/ la) ps / ce; A > / SIN: 7, 
yatnp tod Evpuridouv viéos, os ov povov idia 
xXpnoTos eddKer elvat, GAA Kal oTpaTnyeiv abTov 


> 4, e 3. XN 2) 4 x / elma 
I5 NELMTATE, WS EYM® akKOvwW. TAS TolvUY euas 


/ a a 
aderpas OedovtTav Twav AaBeEiv ampoixovs wavy 
/ ’ ” 80a > ht Aas 4 
Trovolwv ovK &ddxKev,” OTL eSdKOUY KaKLOY Yyeryo- 
\ tal ra 
véval, GAA THY pev Dirrounrw 7TH Ilacarre?, dv 
of moAAol BeATiova HyobvTat civat 7) TAOVCLO- 
Tepov, THY Sé mTévnTe yeyevnuév@ od Oia Kaxkiay, 
a \ 
adeAGi6G 5 Dalidpw dvte Muppivovai, émidovs 
TeTTapdKovTa pvas, Kal ’Apiotoddver Td toov. 


4 na 
16 Tpos Sé TovToLs ewol moddAnv é&ov wavy TpoiKka 


AaBeiy éXaTTW avvEeBotrEUCGEV, WaoTE ED ELdéVAL 
btu Kndeotais ypnooiuny Koocpiols Kal cwdpocr. 
a a ‘\' / 

Kal vov éyw yuvaixa tiv Kprtodjpou Ouyatépa 
n > an aA e \ lf > 
tod “AnXorrexnOev, ds tro AaxeSaipoviwv are- 

¢ e / 2. Wd, b ¢ / 
Oavev, OTe 4 vavpayia éyéveto év “EXAnororTo. 


/ : > ” / a b) if. BA 
17 kairo, @ avdpes Sixactal, dots avTOs TE ave 


a) J 
Xpnuatov é&ynue taiv te Ovyatépow Tor apyi- 
’ v4 fal Chem, ) id lal + 
plov ETEOWKE T@® TE VlEL OALYNY TpoiKa érxaBe, 
n \ 4 
TOS OUK E€iKOS Tepl TovTOV TLaTEVELY WS OvY 
vA 
éveka XpNnuaTwv ToUTOLS KNSEeTTIS eyEvETO ; 


§ 4. Again, was Aristophanes likely to leave much 
property? He spent freely in his desire for political 
distinction. It was he that undertook the mission to 
Dionysius in hopes of detaching him from Sparta, and 
umting him with Evagoras. Again, he contributed 
largely to the subvention asked for from Cyprus: in this 


3 otk tiwer, Reisk. et Scheibe. Vulgo ob dédwxer. 


90 


95 


100 


105 


126 AYSIOY X [19] 


matter he spared neither his own nor his brother's fortune, 
and borrowed of my father besides. To show you how 
he had impoverished himself I will tell you this. Demus 
asked me to raise money on a gold cup he had, and bring 
it to Cyprus: I asked Aristophanes, accordingly, to lend 
sixteen mine. He replied that not only had he not got so 
much, but that he had had to borrow from friends. On 
another occasion, when entertaining the ambassadors of 
Evagoras, he had to borrow the necessary plate. Finally, 
the inventory will show how little moveable property he left. 


> x \ 
110 “AXA pny 6 ye “Apictodavns bn Exov THY 
a cA a Nore a > n BN a 
yuvaika OTL TodNOls Av” padAOV EXpPTTO 7 TO 
lal / an 
éu@ tatpl, padiov yvovar.. Te yap HrKla 
\ 8 Z ee UA 4 / a b] / 
mToAv Sidhopos, } TE vais Ett TréEov: EKxElve~ 
pev yap hv Ta éavtod mpatTew, “Apiotopavns 
/ n a a 
115 8€ od povov Trav idiev adda Kal TaV KoWaV 
/ a a 
éBovneTo émipercia bar, kal el TL Hv avT@O apyvpLor, 
bs he > a a , Nanel 
avnrocev éribupav Ttimacbar. yvooerbe dé 6Tt 
> n if ? > lal ® b) lal »” ral 
arnOn rNéywo €E avTav wv Exeivos ErpaTTe. Tpa- 
Tov pev yap Bovropévov Kovwvos méumev twa 
/ ” / 
120 ets LuKediav, @ByeTo vroctas peta Evvopov, 
a \ 
Atovuctov dirov dvtos Kal Eévou, Td TAHOos TO 
al / 
buétepov TrEioTAa aya0a TeTTOLNKOTOS, @S eyo 
axjkoa tav év Tleparet tapayevopevov. oa 
> / n n a 7 \ 
& édmides tov wrod tetcat Atoviciov KndeotHVy 
A / > / / \ 
125 wev yevérOar Evayopa, roréguiov b& Aaxedat- 
, / \ \ 4 a t a 
pooviows, pirov b€ Kal cvppayov TH TOE TH 
(yen ) a 4 
bpetépa. Kal TavT erpattov modd@v KivdvYoV 
\ \ 
imapyovtTav mpos THv Oddaccav Kal Todvs To- 


4 roddors dv MSS. rodXots Sh Schetbe. 
5 Schetbe rav mapayevouevwv, 


- 


8 





2 


2 


2 


I 


2 


eo 


YIIEP TON APIZTO®AN. XPHM. 127 


Aepious, Kal érecav Aroviciov py méurvar 
* ‘ , 
Tpinpels As TOTE TapecKevacato Aaxedatpoviots. 
peta S€ tTadta ered) of tpécBers FKov éx 
\ 
Kurpouv éri tHv BonOecav, ovdév évédurre Tpo- 
Oupias orevdov. dtpeis dé tpinpers avtois edote 
Kal Tadd\a eyndicacbe, apyuvpiov & eis Tov 
Pe aay] A \ \ > 
aTocToXov nTopovy. oriya pev yap 7HAOov 
” / 4 \ , 
éxovTes xpyyata, Tod\rd@v S€ mrpocedenOncav: 
> \ / > \ r A 5) \ \ 
ov yap povoy els Tas vals, a\Aa Kal TEATATTAS 
> s Ve) > / > rs 
éuicbw@cavto Kai o7Aa erpiavto. "“Apictodavns 
& otv Tov xXpnuaTov Ta pev TrEicTAa adTos 
, x \ \ > e \ 9S \ 
mapécyev* emredy S€ ovy ixava Hv, Tos didous 
” / ee , \ elmer) c 
évreiBe Sedpevos Kal eyyvopevos, Kal Tod adeApod 
an e¢ fal 
Tod OomoTratplou aToKEelmévas Tap avT@ Teccapa- 
KovTa pvas éyov® Kateypyjocato. 7H S€ Tpo- 
/ a > / > \ e XN / \ 
Tepaig 7 aVNYETO, eioed Boy as Tov TaTépa Tov 
> > r M” > 
€uov exédXevee ypHoat 6 TL Ein apytpiov. Tpoc- 
Sey yap bn mpos tov picOov Tois TeATACTAIs. 
> Senter or e \ ne \ \ , 
joav & npiv évdov érta pvai: o S€ Kal tavtas 
\ , / \ ” < »” 
AaBav Kateypyjcato. Tiva yap oiecbe, & avdpes 
Suxactai, diroTiwov pév ovta, éemictok\av § 
avT@® IKOVTa@Y Tapa TOD TaTpos uNndév aTropHceLy 
; , e , \ \ \ le 
ex Kuzrpou, npnpeévov 6é mpeaRevTnv Kai “éeNOVTA 
a e > / e , ” A 
TWAEL OWS Evayopav, uToneitecOat av TL TOV 
” > > > er \ , , 
OVT@V, GAX OUVK El HV duvatos TavrTa TAapacyYovTa 
yapicacbat éxeiv@ Te Kai Kopicacba wn éXaTT@ ; 
‘Qs teivuy tadt éotiv adnOA, eadrev por Ebvo- 
pov. 


S Exwv Cobetus. Alii elray [MS. X], \a8av, welOwy, dropav. 
amiav nunc probat Scheibe. avrg ego scripsi. 


130 


135 


140 


150 


15 


o 


128 AYSIOY X [19] 


WITNESSES AS TO THE PROCEEDINGS OF ARISTO- 
PHANES IN THE MATTER OF HIS MISSION TO 
EVAGORAS. 


a , 

Tav pev paptipwv axovere, od povov OTL 
” > / / > \ \ 007. > / 
EXpnTav ExELvou denGévTos, aXAG Kal OTL aTrELAN- 

gacw* éxouicOn yap abtois él THs Tpinpovs. 

160 ‘Padsov pév ovv éx TaV eipnuévav yvavar 6 
" be bv eipmuevav yvovar bro 

a > 

TOLOUTWV KALPOV TULTETOVTMV OvdEVOS av EpelaaTo 
Tav éavTod: 0 bé péyotov Texunpiov: Aijpos 
yap o IlvpiAdurrous, tpinpapyay eis Kurpor, 
&enOn pou mpocedOeiy advT@, réyov Ott edXaBe 
165 ctpBorov mapa Bacihéws Tov peyarou ghiadnv 
xpuojy, kal raBeiv Exxaidexa pvas én’ adrh, 
as éyor dvadioxew eis Ta THS Tpinpapyias: 
émrerdn) Oé ets Kirrpov adixocto, WaoecOat atrodovs 
yy a La \ bd a Sy: \ 
elKool “vas’ ToAN@Y yap ayalav Kat adrAwV Kal 

5 , > , \ \ / > , 
170 xpnudtov edvrropjcew Sia TO cipBorov év Tracy 
Th nTelp@. ‘Apiotoddvns toivuy axotov pév 
tadta Anpov, Seouévov & éuod, pédrov 8 akew 

\ al 
TO xpuciov, TétrTapas 5é pvas ToKoV ArrecOat, 
ovx édn civat, GAN @pvu Kal tpocdedaveicbat 
175 Tots Eévous adroOev, erred) dict adv avOpworwv 
diyetv te evOds éxeivo TO cUpBorov Kal yapica- 
Oat jpiv & ededpeOa. ws S€ TadT éeativ adnOh, 
paptupas viv mapéEopar. 


7 Omisi ds ’Apisropaynv, quee verba seclusit Scheibe. 


26 


27 


YIIEP TON APIZTO®AN. XPHM. 129 


WITNESS AS TO ARISTOPHANES REFUSING TO LEND 
ON THE SECURITY OF THE GOLD CUP. 


"Ore pev tolvuy od Kxatédrrev ’Apiotopavns 
apyvptov ovdé xypvalov, pddioy yvavar éx TOV 
if. 
eipnuévov Kal pewaptupnuévov: yarkopata bé 
fe > Nee tL e SY SC 2: ¢€ / 
CULMLKTA Ov TrONAA EKEKTNTO. AAA Kal OF ElaTia 
/ 
tovs map Evayopouv mpecRevovtas, aitnadpevos 
éypjoato. & S€ KaTéduTrev, avayvaceTar Lpiv. 


SCHEDULE OF THE PERSONAL PROPERTY OF 
ARISTOPHANES. 


§ 5. The list is small. But remember that before the 
batile of Cnidus [B.c. 394] he had nothing but a small 
estate at Rhamnus. That was about five years before his 
death, and in that interval he twice supplied a chorus, 
served as trierarch three years running, gave many 
contributions to the State, bought a town house and more 
than 300 plethra of land. He was not therefore likely 
to leave much personal property behind. 








is “Iows éviows tuaov, @ avdpes Sixactal, Soxei 
orltya eivars GAN éxelvo évOvpeicbe, bTL Tplv 
‘THY vavpaxlay viKhoar Huas, ovK tv adr 4 
xopidvov puxpov “Payvodvtt. éyéveto 8 4 vav- 
Ip payla em’ EiBodrou dpxovtos. ev obv rértapow 
) Twévte erect, TpOTEpov pun UTapyovens ovcias, 
xanrerr ov, @ avopes Stkactal, tpaywdois te dls 
/ xopny oat, brép avtod te Kal Tod Tatpés, Kal 
tpla ern ouvex as Tprnpapy heat, cio popas Te 
| moddas eloevnvoxeva, oiklay Te TeVTHKOVTA pVOV 


K 


180 


185 


190 


| mplacOa, ys Te mA€ov 7) TplaKocLa TrEOpa 195 


130 AYSIOY X [19] 


0 7 \ ‘ , yy a 

kTncacbat, ére Sé mpos TovTois olecOar xphvat 
> 

émimAa OANA KaTaNeAOITTéEVal. GAN OvVd OF 30 

Va te na i) ” / 
Tara mrovotor SoKodvtes elvat ata Royou 
éyouev ay éEeveyxeiv: éviote yap ovK éotwv, od 

200 éav tis Travu ériOupyn, Tplacba ToLadTa a KTNOA- 
\ / 

Mév@ eis TOV NovTrov xpovoy 7SovnY av Tapéxot. 


§ 6. Another proof that the State has his personal pro- 
perty in full. We took care that his goods should not be 
exposed to plunder by the doors of his house being wrenched 
off, as often happens, and no one left in charge. I will 
swear too most solemnly, not only that I have none of his 
goods, but that he died owing us my sister’s portion, and 
seven mine besides. It is hard to suffer this loss, to be 
saddled with the widow and children, and yet to be 
punished as though I had embezaled his goods. 


"AANA TOde CKOTEITE. TOV dArwV baowv €dn- 31 
pevoaTe TA Yphpuata, ovy OTws oKein aTrédoabe, 
Gra Kal ai Odpdr ard TdV oiknudTov adnp- 

205 mdcOnoav: nets dé dn Sednwevpévear Kal é&edy- 
AvOvias THs euhs adeAdhs PUAaKA KaTETTHTApmEV 
év TH oiKia, va pyre Oup@pata pre ayyela ponte 
dAdo pndev atrorotTo. emimra Sé amedaiveto ® 
Tretov 1) xirtav Spaypav, dca oddevds TwTOT’ 

210 édd Bere. mpos 5é rovTois Kal mporepov pos 32 
Tovs ouvdikous Kal viv ébérouev wicti Sobvat, 
HTus €otl peylotn Tots avOparrois, un Exew TaV 
"Apiatopavous ypnuatav, odethecOar dé THY 
Tpoika THs adeAdhs Kal érta pas, as wyeTo 

215 NaBav rapa Tod TaTpds TOD euod. Tas av odv 33 


8 dmrepalvero Cobetus. Scheibe et vulgo drepalvorro. 





YIIEP TON APIZSTO@®AN. XPHM. 131 


= ” > , a > \ / > > cal 

eiev aVOpwrrot aOALwTEpOL, 7) EL TA THETEP ALTaY 
atrokwnrexoTes Soxoiev Taxelvwv eye ; 6 Sé Tav- 

7. 

Tov Sewotatov, THY aderdyny vrobdéEacbar Tadia 

54 , x fo) , > > \ 
exovoav ToANa, Kal TavTa TpEedety, pnd QUTOUS 
éxovtas pndev, éav tpeis Ta dvT adédAnobe. 220 


§ 7. Take what might be an analogous case,—that of 
Conon. He was much richer than Nikophemus. Suppose 
now the property of his son Timotheos to be confiscated. 
Would his relations be prosecuted because the property 
turned out to be, as it did, less than was expected? 
Now, considering the money sunk by Aristophanes, as 
I have described, it 1s rather a wonder that his personal 
property was as much as a third of that of Conon, without 
counting what his father Nikophemus had at Cyprus. 

Dépe mpds Oedv ‘OdvuTiwv: ottw yap cKo- 
meite, @ Sikactai. ef Tis tuav Etvye Sods 
Tipobé@ tS Kovewvos tiv Ovyatépa i) Thy aded- 
gv, Kal éxeivov atrodnuncartos Kai év diaBorF 
ryevopévov ednuevOn % ovcia, Kal pn éyéveto 225 
TH Toke TpabévTwy amavTwy TéTTapa TadavTa 
apyupiov, 81a TovTo HkwdtTe dv Tov’s avayKalous 
Tous éxelvou Kal Tovs TpoonKoVTas dmroheoau, OTL 
ovdé ToAXocTOV pépos Tis bofns THs Tap piv 
épdvn Ta ypnyata; adda pV TovT@Y TavTes 230 
érictacbe Kovava pév apyovta, Nixodnuov &é 
TowvvTa & TL éKEivos TpocTaTTOL. TOV od 
aperecdv Kovava eixds todXooTOv pépos adAX@ 
Tit petadidovat, WoT ei olovTar TOA yevécbat 
Nixodynuw, oporoyncevav av ta Kovevos elvar 235 
Trelova 7 SexaTAdoa. ett S€ haivoytar ovdéev 


240 


bo 
Ha 
Or 


260 


132 AYSIOY X [19] 


, / eo PY ae | \ \ fal 
TOT OTE SievexOevres, @oT €lKOS Kal Tepl TOV 
XpnaT ov TavTa yvevat, (kava pev® evOdde TO 
viel éxdirepov KaTanuTretv, TA Sé AAA Trap avTots 
eyes Hv yap Koveve péev vids év Kuitpo kal 

if ihe be \ \ 0 / e a 
yuvj, Nixodyum S& yuvn Kat Ovyartnp, jyobvTo 
S8 cal Ta exe? Buos ohiow civas c&™ Borep Kal 

be) , \ \ ff. 2 a ¢ \ 
Ta évOdde. mpos dé TovTous evOuvpetobe OTe Kat 
el Tis wi) KTNOdmEvOS GANA Tapa TOD TaTpOS 
mapanaSov Tos ma.ol Suéverper, ovuK chdxora 
adv avT@ vmédurre* Bobnovrau yap TavTes oro 
rév tralSev Ocpatrevec Oat éxovtes ypijpata pan- 
Nov 7) éxeivov SeicOat arropodytes. viv Totvur 
> Us Ni yd a \ / > / 
et Snpevoarte Ta Tipoleov,—o py yévorto, ev wn 
/ / > \ y” a / 
TL pédrer péeya ayabov éoecbat TH Toder,— 
fal va > lal 
érxatrova Sé €& a’tav AdBoiT’ 7} ex TOV ’ApioTo- 

, vA / a 
davous yeyévntat, TovTov evexa dv akwwire Tovs 
avayKatous Tos éxeivou Ta odétep adTav amo- 

/ 
doa ; GXN ovK eikos, @ avdpes Sixactai: 6 
"yap Kévevos Oavatos Kai ai Siaiiwat, & as débeTo 
€v Kinpe, oarpiss eb haoay OTe ToANoaTOV 
pépos vy Ta xXphyata ov vywels TpocedoKaTe’ TH 

\ \ > a ik > > / \ 
pev yap AOnvad Kabtépwoer ets avabnwata Kal 

tal / 

7@ “Amodrwve eis Aedrqods tevtaxtoyidtLous 
otatipas' TO S€ adeAPidG TH EavTod, bs edv- 
RNaTrev a’T@ Kal érapieve Tavta Ta ev Kurpe, 
” e / 4 ted \ > lal / 
Lwxev aos pupias Spaypds, TO 5é adeAPo Tpia 

/ x \ \ al ta le / 
TadavtTa* Ta O€ NoLTTa TH viel KaTEMLTTE, TANAVTA 
€ / / \ , , 
értaxaldexa. TovTwv dé Kepadatoy yiyveTas 


9 Cobetus vult Ta perv. 
10 ga, ‘quod Atticum est pro cda.’—Cobetus. Vulg. toa. 


38 


39 


40 


41 


42 


4 


YIIEP TON APIZSTO@AN. XPHM. 133 


, ~ 
Tepl TeTTApaKovTa TddavTa. Kal ovdevt obo TE 265 
> a i<4 A x Lae > / > s, 
eitreiy Ott SinpTacOn 7) ws od Sixaiws aTrepdvOn: 
a , a 
avTos yap é€v TH voow av ed dpovav S.éOeTOo. 
Kai pot cdder ToUT@Y papTupas. 


WITNESSES AS TO CONON’S WILL AND THE 
AMOUNT OF HIS PERSONALTY. 


"AAG py octicody, @ avépes Sixactai, Tpiv 
apdotepa Sida yevécOat, moddocTov pépos Ta 270 
N ywov Tav Kovwvo itov ondn a 

sxopnyt @ Ss XpnLAaT wndn av 
Ss if: Mi iol \ > / 
elvat. ‘“Apiotodayns Toivuy yiv peév Kal oixiav 
€xTHTATO THEOV 7) TEVTE TAAAYTWY, KATEXOPTYnTE 
5 brép avTov Kat ToD TaTpos TevTaKLc Xtras 
Spaxpas, Tpinpapyav 6é avn acev oySoncovra 275 
pvas. eicevynvertar dé tb7rép duporépav ouK 
éXaTTov pv@v TeTTapdKovta. eis 8& Tov év 

i a) > / e \ a > a 
LeKedia TAOUVY avNrAwWoEV ExaTOV pVas. els O€ 
\ > Le a / ¢ e Ue 
TOV aTOcTONOY THY TpLnpwv, GTe of Kurpzior 
mArA0ov Kail édoTe avTois Tas déxa vais, Kal Tav 280 
a \ / \ a eo \ 
TEXTACTO@V TV pla bwory Kal Tov STAY THY 
oviyy Tmaperxe TpLapupias Spaypas. Kal TovTwY 
Kepddatoy TavTov yeyverac puxpod AeimrovTos 


44 TWEVTEKALOEKG ~TaNaVYTAa. WoTE OK AV ELKOTWS 


Or 


e a 2 , fa) > A A / an e 9) 
nas aitiacatabe, évrei TOV Kovavos, Tov oporo- 28 

Hf / a rn 
youpévor Sixaiws aropavOjqvar i adtod éxetvou, 

/ 
ToddaTAaciov SoxovvTwy eivar Tréov 7) TpiToV 
, / 5 4 as\ > 

Hepos daivetar Ta Apiatopavovs. Kai ov mpoc- 

, \ 4 , 
AoyfoueOa doa avtos ev Kitrpw écye Nixodnpos, 

~ lal \ £ 

ovans avT@ Exel yuvarkos Kal OvyaTpés. 290 


295 


300 


305 


310 


134 AYXIOY X [19] 


§ 8. Aristophanes is not the first person whose property 
at his death turned out less than was expected. I can 
quote many others: Ischomachus, Stephanus, Cleophon, 
Diotimus, and Alcibiades. With such facts before you, 
be merciful to me. It is no disgrace to own that you 
were mistaken. 

a is 
"Eyo pév od abd, @ avdpes Stxactai, otto 
7 lal 
TOANA Kal peyada TeKUNpLA Trapacyopévous 74s 
amonécOar adikws. aknKkoa yap éywye Kal TOD 
\ \ YA / e > fa) 
matpos Kal d\Nwv mpecButépwv, OTL ov viv 

/ b \ Noe fale 4 fa} / a 
povoyv aNAA Kal ev TO EuTrpoaVev Ypov@ ToALMV 
b / a > / ig x lal 
eedcOnte THs odclas, Kal CavTes pmev TovTetv 
20/ ? / ‘ AS x \ / 
éSéxouv, amoOavovtes S& ToAv Tapa THY dokav 

/ 
Thy tpetépay épavncav. avrixa loxouaye, éws 
” / wv td a Nig td 
&&, mavtes @ovto elvat TAéeiov 7) éEBSoujKovta 

/ e D4 LN b) / 2 / \ \ ec; 
TdravTa, ws eyo akova éveysdcOny Sé TH vIEE 

»Q\ , / € if > 14 
obdé Séxa TddNavTa Exdtepos aTroPavevTos.  XTe- 

tal / 
dave S& TH Oddrrov édr€yeTo eivat Tréov 7) 
/ 
TevTnKovTa Taravtov, atroPavovtos 8 % ovcia 
t 
ebdvn wept &vdexa TaravtTa. o Tolvvy Nixiov 
> aA > > esd \ 
oikos mpocedoKaTo elvat ovK édaTTov 1) éKxaTov 
Tadavrov, Kal ToUT@VY Ta OANA evdov:" Nukny- 
> qe 
patos 8é 67 amréOvnoxev, apyvpiov pev 7) xpuaiov 
ovS avtos én Kxatanelrew ovdév, GAA TV 
> / A / a tian > / > 
ovciav iv KatédiTe TO viel, od TWrelovos akla 


45 


46 


47 


éotly i) TerTapwv Kal déxa TadrdvtTwv. KardXéas 4g 


/ ¢ @ / 24 5.4 b] ig ¢ 
tolvuy 0 ‘Inovixov, Ste vewotl éTeOvnKer o 
a fal A / a 
maTnp, wretoTa TOV “EXAjvov edoKer KexTHo Bat, 
/ 
kat os dnot, Siakociwy taddvTwv éTymcaTo 


11 Post évdoy sequebatur fv. Scheibe seclusit. Taylorus, 
alii, e€va voluerunt. Defendit qv Reiskius. 


YIIEP TON APIZTO@SAN. XPHM. 135 


> ae / \ vA / 12 / 158 
avTov 0 TaTTos. TO TOUTOU ToivuY ~ Tiunua ovdEe 
dvoiy taravtow éati. Knreodavta Sé mavtes 

a / 
iote, OTL ToANA ETN SiexElpice TA THs TOAEWS 
TavTa Kal TpocedoKaTo Tavu ToAAa EK TIS 
> fo v 2 / > > a > cal fol 
apxis éxew: amoavovtos § avtov ovdapmod dfra 

\ / > \ \ e / \ e 
Ta XpnuwaTa, GXNAA Kal Ol TPOTHKOVTES Kat OL 

e 
Kndcotal, Tap ois KatéduTev, Oporoyoupévas 


49 wévntés elo. hawopeba 67 Kal TAY dpyatoTAot- 


50 


5 


~ 


T@V TOAD érevopévor Kal TaV vewoTl év SoEn 
yeyevnucvov.  aitiov Sé pot Soxet eivat, Ort 
€ / \ a MIA e @ a ” 
padias Twes Topo eye ws Oo Seiva exeL 
TddNavTa TOMA €K THS apyys. Kal doa pep 
\ , / > sf Zt > 
mept TeOveatwv Eyovaw, od Tavu Bavpdtw (od 
\ e , bd / b 6 a UA > Mag 
yap wvmo ye éxeivwv éfedeyyGetev av), adr dca 
Covrwv émixerpodor Kkatarypevdec@ar. avtol yap 
54 > 4 > a > / e / 
évayyos nkovere ev TH exkANoia, ws Arotimos 
»” / / / aA of Dre 
€yol TahavTa TETTAPaKOVTAa TAELW 7) OTA AUTOS 
id / \ a / \ bd / 
@pohoyes Tapa TMY VaUvKANpwY Kal EUTTOpwV* 
\ a > \ 3 > / > / 
Kal TadTa, émred HAOEv, Exelvou atroypadovTos 
a \ 
Kal yareT@s hépovtos OT atwv SieBddrerTo, ov- 
\ > / / ai rn / Ye 
dels €Enrey£e, Seowéevns ev THs TOEwS YPNUATOD, 
éOéXovtos Sé exeivou Royicacba. évOupeicbe 
/ +¢ x ey sd pe ¥. e , 
toivuy otov av éyéveto, «6 AOnvaiwy amavTov 
/ rd / 
aKNKOOT@DY OTL TETTAPaKOVTA TaddavTa Eyou AcoTi- 
pos, elta éraé te mply Katatdedoar Sevpo. 
celta of mpoonKovtes av avtod év Kiwdtve hoav 
a \ \ 
TO peylot@, et Eder avTovs Tpos TocavTny d.a- 
\ > ” \ O/ \ n 
Bornv amoroyeicGat, py) eldoTas pndéy TeV 


12 Scheibe, 6 wammos Tére, ToUTov 7d viv x.7.X. Si mutandum 
sit malim woré, quando enim est Tore? 


315 


320 


330 


340 


345 


350 


355 


360 


136 AYSIOY X [19] 


f ” 93 > Ne el Te n 
TETPAYLEVOV.  ALTLOL OVY ELoL KaL Luly TOkAWY 
a \ 
Hon WevcOjAvar Kat 2) adixws yé Twas aTroréc Oat 
Cire iA al / x ral 
ot padiws TokmavTes revder0ar Kai cvKopaytetv 
avOpwrous émriOupodvtTes. emrert’ olomar vas 
/ / 
eloévae OTe “AdkiBiadns TéTTapa 1% TévTEe ETN 
edeEhs eotpatnyes émixpatav Kal veviKknKkas 
/ \ 4 by / b] x e 
Aaxedanpovious, Kal Siutrdoia éexeive H&lovy at 
/ / CVs cd ‘: a na [4 > 
modes Siddvat 7) AXAM TIL TOV oTPATHYOV, WOT 
@OVTO civai TLVES AUTH THéEOV 7) ExaTOV TddavTa. 
ig an a 
6 8 aobavav édnrwoev STL ovK adnOA TadTa 
Rv: €XatT@ yap ovolay KaTéduTrE Tois TaLciY 4) 
avTos Tapa TOY eTLTpoTTeVTaVTwY TrapédaBeV. 
/ iO a / 
“Ort péev ody Kal €v TO Eumpoolev ypovm 
n SEU, et a \ N \ 
TovavTa éyiyveTo, padioy yvavary gact dé Kal 
\ Pe f \ , / 2s 
Tos apictous Kal copwtatous padiota bere 
9 a / 
peTayryvocKew. eb odv Sokodpev ElKoTa éyerv 
/ / U 
Kal iKava Texunpia TapéyerOa, & avopes SiKa- 
otal, Taon TEXVN Kal pnYavy EdNeHoaTeE, OS Hues 
Ths pev SiaBorgNs ovT@ peyddns ovans del Tpoc- 
eOoKGpeV KpaTnoew peTa TOD adnOods: Kuav Oé 
\ hi > , a DA AS eae \ 
pnoevt TpoTm eOerncavtav TecOivar ovd édiis 
> 4 / 290/ Chen tJ > \ \ 
ovdeuia cwTnpias edoKer tiv eivat. GaddA TPOS 
Geav “Ordvpriov, @ advdpes Sixactai, BovrAgeae 
é lal / lal na x > / 2 / 
Has Sikaiws THoat Madrov 1) adikws aTrodETAat, 
\ / / J a / “ \ 
Kal mlioTeveTe ToVTOLS aANOH R€yerv, ol Av Kal 
an an / 
cloTa@vtes év dravTt TO Biw Tapéxwot cwppovas 
a \ 
opds avtovs kal duxaious. 


§9. My character and that of my father should be 
my warrant. I am thirty, and never was in a law court 


52 


54 


YITEP TON APIZTO@AN. XPHM. 137 


before. My father, from pure patriotism, not from the 
hope of recouping himself by office, spent no less than 
9 talents 2000 drachme on the public service; and was 
ever liberal to his fellow-citizens in helping to portion 
their daughters and perform their funerals. 


\ \ 9 IA an a \ e / 
Tlepi pev ody avrits Ths ypapis, Kat @ TpoT@ 
re 


\ ¢e a > / \ ed > 2 p 
Knoeotal nuiv éyévovto, Kal OTe ovK e&npKer Ta 
\ 
éxelvou els TOV ExTrAOUY, AANA Kal ws adAdAOOEV 
/ rn 
mpocedavelcato aknKoate Kal pepapTipyntas bpiv: 
> la) / a n 
mep. & éeuavtod Bpaxéa Bovrouar bpiv eizeiv. 
éyo yap éTn yeyovws dn TpLaKovTa ovTE TO 
matpl ovdev TaHTOTE AVTEITOV, OUTE TOV TOMTOV 
/ an a n 
ovdels pot evendrecev, eyryUs TE OLKaV THS ayopas 
2Q\ \ / >Q\ \ f- 
ovdé mpos Sixactnpip ovdé mpos BovdeuvTypip 
” > A AY s \ \ 
OPOnv ovdeTT@TOTE, Tply TavTHY THY TUpLpopaVv 


/ \ x 93 2 n a , 
56 yevéoOar. Tepl ev ovv E“avTov TocaiTa eyo, 


\ \ a / b) \ ee <3 a e 
mept d€ TOU TaTpos, érreld1) WoTrEp AdLKODYTOS at 
A 
KaTnyoplas yeyévnvTat, ovyyvounv éyeTe, av 
/ a >? / ae J \ / \ > \ 
eyo A avnrwoev ElS THY TOV Kal Els TOUS 
f- b] \ J, 4 > xX / 
irovs: ov yap PiroTipias Evexev ada TEKUNPLOV 
Totovpevos OTL ov TOV avToD éaTW avdpds ave 
> Wed Na ih \\ \ / 
GVAYKNS TE TOANA avarioKew Kal peTa KLVdUVOU 
Tod peyiotov émiOuphoar eyew Te THY KOWOD. 
/ 
eiol 5é Ties Of MpoavadicKovTes OV povoYV TOUTOU 
4 > Br BS, BA (or le) G a 5) / 
&vexev, GAN ta apyew vp tyav a&vobévtes 
iQ ¢ 
Sumddcia KopicwvTa. 06 Tolvuy éwos TaTtip 
x 
dpxew pev odderra@trote éreOvpnoe, Tas dé Yopn- 
ylas am@doas Kexopnynke, TeTpinpdpynKe O€ ErTa- 
> \ \ N \ J ? is 
Kis, eo popas O€ Todas Kal weydras ELOEVIVOYXED. 
iva 6€ eidnte Kal vpeis, Kat Kal” Exdaotny avay- 
VOOETAL. 


370 


375 


380 


385 


390 


400 


138 AY3IOY X [19] 


A List oF SERVICES PERFORMED BY DEFENDANT'S 
FATHER, 


"Axovete, @ avdpes Stxactal, TO TAHOOS. TeEV- 
THKoVTa yap éTn éoTly boa Oo TaTip Kal Tois 
xpipace Kal TH THOpaTL TH TOAEL EAELTOUPYEL. 

ice / rn a 
év ovv TocovTm xpovm SoxodvTa Te €& apyijs 
y” > / PLEN 8 fs 13 / 
éyew ovdeulay eixos Samdynv” Tedevyevar. 
dos S& kal paptupas byiv trapéEopar. 


WITNESSES AS TO THE LIBERAL MANNER IN WHICH 
DEFENDANT’S FATHER PERFORMED HIS ‘ LITUR- 
GIES.’ 


ee / 
Tovtwv aupravtayv Kepdravov éoti évvéa 
/ \ f- / + / \ 
TaravTa Kal ducxidiat Spaypyat. te Toivuy Kal 
iSta ticl Tov TodTaY aropovat auvebédwxe 
id \ >: lis \ > v4 > fal 
Ouyatépas Kat adeddpas, Tous O édvcaTo éK THY 


rs / a > > \ a 5) / 
Torewiov, Tots & Els Tapny Tapeiyev apyuvptov. 


kal TadT éroies ayovpevos eivat avdpos ayabod 
aereiy Tovs pirous, Kal et pndels wéAXox etcer Pau 
vov 8é tpérov éotl Kal buas axovoai ov. Kai 
pot KaNEL TOV Kal TOV. 


FURTHER WITNESSES TO THE LIBERALITY OF 
DEFENDANT'S FATHER, 
§ 10. Now, a man could not keep up a hypocritical 
pretence of liberality through a long life of seventy years. 


13 Reiskius voluit dixny, sed de impensis sui patris non de 
litibus agit orator. 


58 








YTIEP TON APIZTOPAN. XPHM. 139 


Facts speak for themselves. He once had a large property. 
If you now confiscate it, you will find barely two talents ; 
and on this small remnant I am at this moment serving 
a trierarchy, and intend to follow in my father’s path of 
disinterested patriotism. 


60 Tov pév ody paptipev axnkoate: évOupeicbe 410 


6 


6 


I 


nN 


ie ? is / yf pS 4 
5 6Te OdNvyov pev Ypovov SvvaiT’ av Tis TAdTacOaL 
/ \ fa) 
TOV TpoToV TOV avToU, ev EBdSounKovTa Sé ETETW 
2OF A ? ¢ \ ” a s \ 
ovd ay els Ado Tovnpos OY. TH Tolvuy TraTpl 
TO €u@ adArAa pev av Tis Eyou EiKarécat i 
OD €uo bb s ex at icas, 
2 / \ > \ > \ lal > A b elle 2 
ets yprpata Sé ovdeis ovd€ TOY eyOpav éTOAUNTE 
TomoTe.  ovxovv akioy Tois TaY KaTNYOpwV 
/ fal a 
Aoyols TigTEvTAL LadXov 7 Tots Epyols, & eTpayOn 
> [4 a / \ Ca / a e lal / 
év atravtt TO Biw, Kal TO Xpove, dv bpeis cadé- 
atatov éheyxov TOV adnOods vopicate. Ef yap 
\ i. a > a > a >? ig Pa 
kN VY TOLOUTOS, OUK av EK TOANWY OAVYA KAaTE- 
> \ > a > / e x 4 
Autrey, evel ef viv ye eEaTratnOeinre tO TovTwY 
\ , Lowel a \ > / PNB 4 , 
Kal Onuetvoal Hyav tiv ovciav, ovdé dU0 TaXavta 
, tf / 
AaBar av. @aTe ov povoy mpos S0o~ayv adda 
, , al a lal 
Kal els ypnuaTwv oyov AvoLTENEL padXov vpiv 
atowndbicacGat ToXv yap Trew wdernoecbe, 
av nets Exwpev. oKoTreite S€ Ex TOD TapEdrn- 
/ / A Vd > / > \ 
AvOoTos yYpovou, oca aiveTat avnropéva eis THY 
/ rn \ a fal 
TOMY Kal viv aTo ToY UTOOITwY TPLNPAaPX® 
\ A e \ 
bev éyo, Tpinpapyav O€ oO TaTnp aTéOaver, 
/ a 
Teipacopat 6, @aTTEp ExEivoY EWPwWY, OALya KATA 
\ , 
puKpov TapacKevacacbas eis Tas KoWWaS MdeNdElas. 
oe a > a / an? 
@ote TO Y Epyo Tis Toews ** TadT éori, Kal 
5 Ae ep \ 2 te >’ Lal if ‘3 lal \ 
ovT eyo adnpnuévos abixeiabar oincopat, tyiv bé 


14 ris wodews, vulgo mda. Alii alias correxerunt, rddac 
buérepa, wadac Tis woAews, wadat Tait’ eoTt Kowa. 


415 


420 


425 


430 


140 AYSIOY XI [22] 


if. \ 
Trelous otTas ai @pérevar 7) Eb SnpmevoalTe. TPOS 63 
\ / : a > € 
435 8& tovTos aEvov évOupnOjvar olav diow eixev oO 
/ (4 \ an ih 
TaTnp. dca yap é€w Tav avayKalwy éreOvpnoev 
> / nr 
dvaNickew, Tavta davijcetat Toadta bev Kal 
a / 
Th Wore Tym ewedrev écecOar. adtixa OTE 
OF f 
immevev, o0 movov ‘mous éxTHTAaTO NapTpOUS 
b) x a \ 
440 dAXa Kal GOAnTASs, ols eéviknoev “IoPpot Kat 
Ne éa ce aN SX 67 \ > \ 
péa, WoTE THY TONY KNpUVXOHVaL Kal aUTOV 
an / 5 ¢ na 49 ’ 
atehavobiva. Séopar otv tudv, @ avdpes 64 
/ an 
Sixactal, Kal TovTwv Kal TOV AAXOV pepLVNnLEVOUS 
e: , a a a fareN 
aTavtav tev eipnuévov BonOeiv tiv Kat pI 
~ lal \ rn n 
445 wepudeiv brd Tov éxOpav avarpeBévtas. Kai 
TavTa movwodvTes Ta Te Sixara Wngreicbe Kal 
¢€ an > an 
vuiv avtots Ta TuppépovTa. 


ORATION XI. [22.] 


FoR THE PROSECUTION. AGAINST THE CORN 
DEALERS FOR ‘ ENGROSSING.’ 


§ 1. Though the prosecution of ‘engrossers’ im corn 
is legal, yet there is a certain prejudice against the pro- 
moter. I must first show that I do not act from spite. 
Originally the Boulé wished to deliver these men without 
trial to the Eleven for execution. I then spoke against 
that course, and advised that the ordinary form of trial 
should be meee I incurred odium for that, and I now 
wish to show that I was acting not from favour to the 
dealers but for the sake of legality. 


TlodXof poor mpocernrvOacwr, @ dvdpes SiKxa- 


KATA TON SITOMQAOQN. 141 


/ / oe ba. Lad a 2 a 
otal, Oavpafovtes Ott ey THY oLTOT@NOY ev TH 
- , - 
BovrAH Katnyopour, Kal AéyovTes STL bpyeis, Ei @S 
, > \ > tal e al 27O\ e \ 
pariota avTovs abdixeiv Hyciobe, ovdév FTTOV Kal 
, / - 
Tous TEpl TOVTwY TroLOUmEVOUS NOYyoUs cUKOparTEtY 
vouitete. O0ev ovv nvadyKacpat KaTnyopely avTor, 
Tept ToUTwV TpaTov ei7reiy Bovropar. 
> \ \ e , 2 , 3 \ 
2 ‘Ered yap ot mputdves amédocav eis Thy 
Bovrnv tept avTav, ottws wpyic@ncay adtois, 
co / 
@ote Edeyov Ties TOV PNTOPeY ws aKpiTOUS 
\ ca - 
avTous xpi Tois évdexa Tapadodvat Oavate 
fal X \ rn 
tnpidcar. ryovpevos bé ey Secvov eivar Toradtra 
° \ / 
ebifecPat Tovety THY BovANY, avactas eltrov Ott 
pot Soxoin xKpivety Tos ciToT@AaS KaTa TOV 
, 
vowov, vouifor, et pév etowv a&va Oavdrovu eipyac- 
pévor, bas ovdey ATTOV nuov yvocecbat Ta 
Steara, et S€ pndev abdixovowy, od Seiv avdtods 
axpitous aToN@révat. TreicOeions Sé Tis Boudis 
rf , > / / e 
tavta, SiaBdddew erreyeipouy pe RéyovTes ws 
eyo cwTnpias &vexa THs TOV GiITOT@ABY TOUS 
A 
AOyous TovToUs emoLovpnY. Tpos meV odv THY 
B X 4 ge > Ss > a e / ” > 
ovAnY, 6T HY avTois 7 Kpicts, Epyw amredoyn- 
lal ”. é 
cauny> TY yap adXov ovylay ayovTwv avactas 
A , \ al 
avT@v KaTNYOpouy, Kal Taot davepov érroinca 
4 > e \ , > \ - , 
6Tt ovy UmTép ToUTwY EeyoV, GANA TOLS VvoOpMoLS 
a , > , > , \ ° , 
4Tois Keipévors €Bonfovv. npEdunv pév ovdv Tov- 
/ - 
tov évexa, Sedims Tas aitias: aicypov & Hyodpar 
, , a a 
mpotepov TavoacGa, Tpiv av tyeis Tepl adtav 
6 te av BovrAnabe Wndicncée. 


Us 


§ 2. First, I will show by an examination of the 


5 


10 


15 


20 


25 


142 AYSIOY XI [22] 


dealers that they have broken the law in buying up above 
the legal quantity of corn. They plead that they were 
acting under the orders of the corn-inspectors. That is 
no defence to the charge, unless the law contains a clause 
giwing the inspectors such dispensing power. But I will 
prove that the plea is false. The only advice they got 
from an inspector was to cease bidding against each other, 
and to be content with the legal profit. 


30 Kal mparov pev avdBnOt Kal etre od éyoil, 
, 3 / ta] \ Ls e 
petotkos ef; Nat. Meroxets 5€ mrotepov as 
/ a / n fol / 
TELTOMEVOS TOLS VOMoLs ToOiS THS TOEWS, 1) WS 
ie / 
Tomaav 6 Tt av BovrAn; ‘Os mevcopevos. “AXXO 
Tt otv afwots 7) aTroBavely, ei Te TeTolnKas Tapa 
Me 
35 Tovs vomous, ed ois Odvatos 4 Enuia; "Eyorye. 
> / / ? ¢ a / a 
Amroxpwat 87 ot, ef opmoroyels rel cirov 
a / 
cuptplac0ar TevTHKoVTA opuav, @VY Oo Vomos 
a lal / / 
éeivas Kedevet. “Ey Trav apyovTwy KedevovTwv 
ouveTT pLaunv. 
9 
40 “Av pév rolvuy arodeiEn, @ avdpes Sixactai, 
e »” t a if \ , 
@S EOTL VOMOS OS KENEVEL TOUS TLTOT@AAS TUVM- 
a \ a 
veloOat tov acitov, dv ot adpxovTes Kedetvwoow, 
> / > \ / / € a 
atrownhicacbe: et &é Hn, dixavov tyas Kata- 
Vapicacbat. mets yap vpiv Traperxopeba TOV 
45 vomov, os dmaryopever pndéva Tov év TH Tore 
Thel@ citov TevTiKovTa phopuov cuveveia bat. 
a \ 
Xphv péev roivuv, @ avdpes Sixacral, ikavnv 
\ 
Elva TavTny THY KaTnYyoplay, émeLdn ODTOS péeV 
e na € / 
omoroyel cupmpiacbar o Sé vomos atrayopevov 
lal i / 
50 dhaiverat, buets 5€ KaTa Tovs vopous dwwmoKaTe 
a / a / 
WndietcOar: opos 8 va trecOAre oTt Kal Kata 
a Ne / 
TaY apxovTwY rrevSovTal, avadyKn Kal waKpoTEpor 


6 


wal vere 


KATA TON SITOH@AQN. 143 


Scimety wept avtav. émed) yap ovat THY aitiay 
> > ts - ES La A yy 
eis éxeivous avédepov, mapaxadécartes Tovs ap- 
NovTas npwrapev. Kai oi pev Téccapes ovdev 55 
épacay eidevat Tod Tpdypatos, “Avutos § EXeyev 
@s Tov TpoTépov yempa@vos, eredn Tiptos Hv Oo 
citos, ToUT@v brepBadXOvT@Y GAAAOUS Kal TpOdS 
coas avtovs payouevav cupovrevceiey avtois 
Y - e A la 
vwavcacbat diroverxovaw, myoupevos cupdepev 60 
ipiv Tois Tapa TovT@Y w@voupevols @s a&i@TaToY 
(A ‘ ad \ > ‘ > ” ’ 
toutous tpiacGa: Seiv yap avtovs 68or@ povov 
9 Te@Xeiv Timi@TEepoy. WS ToivUY ov CULT PLapévoUS 
katabécOa: éxéXevev attovs, GAAa pn GAAS 
avtaveicbat cuveBovdever, avtov tyiv ~Avutov 65 
paptupa tapéEopuat, Kai ws ovros pev ext THs 
4 al Vi + \ L4 1 
mpotépas Bovdns TouTous elzre Tovs AGYyouS, OVTOL 
& ei triode! cuvevotpevo: daivoytat. 


DEPOSITION OF ANYTUS THAT HE DID NOT ADVISE 
| THE CORN DEALERS TO ACCUMULATE CORN. 

10 “Ore wey Toivuy ovy tro TOY apyovTwr KEdevC- 
 O&vres cuverpiavto Tov citov, axnKkoate* tyyodpat 7 
8, av a padiota Tept TovTav adnOA Aéyoor, 
ovy UTép avTay attois atoXoyncecOat, GdrAda 
TOUT@V KaTIPyopyoely mepl yap @v €igt vopot 
Scappyony Yerpappevor, TOS OU xPn diSovar Sixnv 
Kal Tovs py mevBopevous Kat Tovs KeXevovTas 75 

TOUTOLS TavayTia TpaTTew ; 


° 


1 éwi rijode. MSS. éwirqics. 


144 KYSIOY Xi [23} 


§ 3. They will plead that they acted for your benefit 
in amassing corn that they nught sell it cheap. This is 
false, for they often varied the selling price as much as a 
drachma in a day. 

"ANG yap, @ avdpes Sixactat, olouat avdtovs 

P] AY \ an \ fe > f. 7 
éml pev ToUTOY Tov NOyov ovK éAEVTETPaL: icws 
& épotaw, datep Kal év TH Rov}, @s ex’ edvorg 
an / lal AX al 6 

80 Tis TONEWS TUVEewVODYTO TOY GaiTov, WY ws akLO- 

TaTov nuiv TwdoeV. peyiotov & wiv ép@ Kat 
fe n 

Tepipavéctatov Texunplov OTL \revdovTar. exyphy 
yap avtous, elrep tuav Evexa Erpattoy Taira, 
paivesOar THs avTHS TYAS TOANAS NMEpas TrH- 

n v4 ec J b) Ni; 2d / 

85 NoUYTAS, EWS O TUVEWYHMEVOS AUTOVS ETTENLTTE' 

N > ieee EY 4 a een) Ch, > , a 

vuvt & éviore THS aUTHS nuépas éer@dovy Spayyn 

TUYMOTEPOV, BOTED KATA MEdLUVOY TUYWVOL[EVOL. 
Kal ToUT@Y vuiy papTupas TrapéEopmar. 


EVIDENCE TO SHOW THAT THE CORN DEALERS HAVE 
VARIED THE PRICE OF THEIR STORED CORN. 


§ 4. Is tt likely that men, who, when State contributions 
are wanted, plead poverty, should, entirely for your 
profit, risk death by an infraction of a law? Indeed 
public disasters benefit them by making corn dearer. 
And the city is reduced by them in time of peace almost 
to a state of siege as regards provisions. This is why 
corn inspectors are appointed, 


Aevov dé wou Soxel eivat, ef Otay péev eiopopav 

90 elceveyxeiv Sén, 2v wavtTes elcecOar pédrovow, 
ovK €Oédovaw, adda Teviav Tpopacifovtat, ed’ 

, / > e Hi \ a > a 

ols 8€ Oavatos éotw 1 Enpia Kat AaOeiv adTois 





KATA TON SITOTMOAON. 145 


L4 - ee > / \ a e / 
cuvedepe, Tavita ém4 evvoia gaci TH tpeTépa 
Tapavopncat. Kaito. wavtes érictacbe Gre 
TOUTOLS HKLTTa TpocnKer ToLovTovs ToLeicOar 95 

s . . 
Aoyous. Tavavtia yap avtois Kai Tois adXots 
cupdeper* ToTe yap TrEloTa KEpdaivovoty, 6Tav 

fal - s 
KaKov Tivos atraryyeNOévtos TH TONEL Titov TOV 

Cd A a 2 oe. \ \ 

4 CiTOV ToABCW. ovTw OS dopevor Tas cUpdopas 
HE / - 
Tas UpeTepas Opacw, Bote Tas pev TpoTEpor Tav 100 
»- / \ > > XN r 
Gadrwv tuvOavovtat, tas 8 avtoi Aoyorrotodcw, 
r cad / 
h tas vads SehOapOar tas ev tH Tlovtea, 7 
tro AaxeSaipovioy éxTreovcas cuveihibOa, 4 
Ta éuTopia KexreicOat, i) Tas orovdas péAXeELY 
atroppnOncec bat, Kai eis TodT ExOpas EAnrAVOac, 105 
5 @oT év TovToLs Tots KaLpois ériBovrevovow Hpir, 
€v olovrep of Toréutol. STav yap wadioTa ciToU 
, 
Tuyxavnre Seopevor, avapTafovewv ovtor Kal ovK 
€Oédovct Toreiv, iva wy TEpt Tis TiwAs Siadepo- 
r e€ ca 
peBa, GAN ayarapev av oTocovtiwocoiv rpia- 110 
Hevot Tap avTav aTéXOwpev: wat éviote cipnvns 
/ 

6 ovens wTo TovTwWY ToNLopKovpeOa. btw Fé 
Taal Tept THS TovTwWY Tavoupylas Kal KaKovoias 
e / ¥ oe jt Met Kee \ - . cal 3 at 
7] TONS EYVOKEV, WOT ETL EV TOIS AAXOlS wViOLS 

, a 
amact Tovs ayopavopous dvAaKas KateotHcate, 115 

"d A 
ext S€ TavTn movn TH TExVN Yopis cLTOd’AaKaS 
3 “ \ / ” > > / 
amexhnpovte* Kat Todas 76n Tap éxelvov 
cal Mv , \ /, s 4 
ToMTa@v ovTwy Sikny Thy peyiorny édXaBeTe, STL 
ovy oloi T Hoav THs TOUTwY ToVnpias éeTLKpaTHoat. 
Kaitot TL yp avtovs Tods abdixodytas td tyav 120 
e / 
TATXEW, OTOTE Kal TOUS ov Suvvapuevous huddTTELW 
QT OKTELVETE ; 
L 


146 AYSIOY XI [22] 


§ 5. If there were a conflict of testimony, you might 
acquit them; but now you have their own confession. 
Condemn them as a warning to others. Remember that 
the practice ts so profitable as to tempt many to risk the 
penalties. More worthy of your pity are the people they 
helped to starve, the merchants against whom they com- 
bined, and the inspectors who have before now suffered 
death for not being able to prevent their practices. 


op. a \ Ay aney 207 (Lary eee 
EvOvpeicOar S€ ypn OTe advvatov bpiv éotiv 

> fi zs ny b) / € 
atownbicacbar. €b yap atoyvacecbe opono- 

a L 

125 yovvrav avtav emt Tovs éumopous cuvictacba, 
/ Jae a bd 7 a a / ? 
d0&eO vets émuBourevery Tots etomrAEovoL. eb 
\ \ ” \ 2) ih 3 a By x 
bev yap GAXnV TWa aTroAOYylay érroLObYTO, OvdEls 
BN L. 3 al >? / 2 a 24? 
adv eixe toils amtondicapevors eémitiav: ép 
c an N ic / vs 7 rn \ 
ipiv yap omotépous BovrNecVe Tuatevev: viv Oé 

nr / rn ¢ 
130 7as ov Sewa adv SoEatTte rotety, Ei ToOvs OpMoXro- 
yoovras tmapavoueiy atnuiovs adjcete; ava- 
puncOnte Sé, @ avdpes Sixactal, bt ToArOY 75H 
éyovT@y TavTnY THY aiTiav Kal wapTupas Trape- 
xouévov Odvatov KaTéyvwre, TicTOTEpOUS HYNTa- 
rn / / a 
135 pevou Tovs TOY KaTNYOpwV AOyous. KalToL TAS 

\ lal lal 

dv ov Oavyacror ein, ef Tept TOV aVTOV auapTn- 
patov ouxdfovtes padrov éreOupette Tapa TOV 
apvoupévey Sixnv NauBavew; Kai péev 87, @ 
avdpes Sixactal, macw iyyodpmar pavepov eivas 

a vA a / 
140 OTe of Tept TOY ToLovTwY ayavES KOWWOTATOL 

a a / ef 4 
Tuyydvovaw ovTes Tols Ev TH TONEL, WTTE TEVTOV- 

a / 
TAL HVTWA YVOuNY TeEpl avTa@V ExETE, 1)yOUMEVOL, 
dv pev Oavatov avtav Katayv@Te, Kocpiwtépous 

” \ Uy x ’ > / > a 

écecOar tovs RAowrrovs: av & akyptovs adie, 
a / a 
145 rod adecav adtois erndicpévor EcedOe Trovety 


Lal 


7 





KATA TON SITOTIQAON. 147 


206 Tt Gv Bovrwvrat. ypy Sé, @ avdpes SixacrTai, 


\ 4 a , ov > ‘ 
pn) povoy Tav tTapedAnd\uvGoTwy Evexa autos 
kodakew, adda Kal Tapadeiypatas Evexa TOV 
4 M” a x 4 , 
peddXovtayv écecOat- otTm yap EcovtTat poyis 
a , a . a 
avextot. évOupeicbe Sé ore Ex TavTHS THS TéxVNs 150 
rt r / 
mreiotoL Tept Tod caHpaTos ciclY HYoVicpéevot: 
Kat ovTw peydda é& aitis wdedodvTal, waTE 
PaAXov aipowvtar nal Exdotny hyépav TeEpi Tis 
wuyis xiwduvetev 7) Tatcacbac tap tev 
2a7 , \ \ \ O27 a > fe 
adixas Kepdaivovtes. xal pév 69 ovd av avriBo- 15 
Awow byas Kal ixetevwor, Sixaiws av avtovs 
éXencaite, GAAA ToAV paAXov TaV TE TONTOV 
of Sia THY TOUT@Y Tovnpiay aTéOvnoKoY, Kal TOUS 
/ - 
éutopous éf ods ovTOL cuvéotncav: ols wpels 
yaptcicbe Kal mpoOvpotépovs roijoete, Sixnv 160 
> > r / ’ A /, Lied > Vex 
Tap avTav ANapBavortes. ei SE pj, TY aUTOUS 
” , ~ > \ , o ps 
olecGe yvopny é€ew, éredav TVO@vTat OTL TaV 
t “ a > s e , b) 
KaTNAwY, oF TOS EloTAéoVTiV @poAOyNTAY ETL- 
Bovrevew, atrewndicacée ; 
Ov ofS 6 te Sef wWrelw Aéyew* TeEpi pév yap 165 
a cal ef cal 
TOV GAXwv TaV abiKovYTwY, OTe SixalovTat, Set 
A r / 
Tapa Tav Katnyopav tudécOar, tiv 5€ TovT@Y 
Tovnpiay amavtes évictacbe. av ovv TovTwY 
Katawndicncbe, Ta Te Sixata Toincete Kai akio- 
\ cd / 
Tepov Tov citov @vicecGe: ef SE pax}, TLuLw@TEpoV. 170 


ou 


148 AYSIOY XII [23] 


ORATION XII. [23.] 


For THE PROSECUTION. ANSWER TO A DEMURRER 
oF PANCLEON’S, THAT A SUIT AGAINST HIM 
COULD NOT COME BEFORE THE POLEMARCH. 


§ 1. Few words will suffice. I prosecuted Pancleon for 
an injury he had done me. I believed him to be an alien, 
and therefore brought the suit before the Polemarch. 
He demurred that as a Plataean, atiached to the Deme 
Deceleia, he had the rights of a citizen. I found this to 
be untrue, and that he had been already sued before the 
Polemarch. I will call Decelevans to show him to be no 
Deceleian, and his former prosecutors to oe that he was 
sued before the Polemarch. 


La f 
TlovArAa pev Aéyewv, @ avdpes Stxactai, rept 
A / Cees aA 
TouvToul Tov Tpadyuatos oT ay Svvaiunv ote 
a a ¢€ be ? 06 \ / »- 
por Soxet Sety: ws S€ opOads thy Sixnv éXaxov 
\ , > ” a rn ig lal 
toutwl Llaykréwve ove ovte Udataset, rodto ipiv 
5 meipacopat amrodeiEat. 
lal \ / 
‘Os yap adicdv pe wordy ypovoy ovK éraveTo, 2 
> \ Pam \ a 2 La > f 
eNOav émt To yvaheiov, év & eipydfeTo, mpoce- 
\ N \ 

Kadecany avTov Tpos Tov Todéuapyor, vowifwv 
; 5 aa \ , cf \ 
pérouxov eivat. eltovtos d€ TovTou Ott TXatareds 

/ e / Sf, 
10 ely, jpounv ordbev Snportevorto, Tapatvécavtds 
a , z 
TWos TOY TapovT@v TpocKkarécacbat Kal mTpos 
z 
tiv hudyy, Hs Tivos elvat oKnmrorTo.  ézrevd1 Oé 
/ 
amexpivato Ott Aexedeodev, mpockarecdpevos 
Sess \ \ \ ace / , 
avtTov Kat pos Tovs TH ‘ImmoPwvrids Sixalovtas, 
a * \ \ ¢ a 
15 €XOwpy ert TO Koupelov TO Tapa Tovs “Epuds, iva 3 
n na b] , 
of AexeXeis trpocpoiTtaaw, npwTor, ods Te éEeupi- 





KATA ITATKAEQNOS. 149 


/ > , ” A 
oxoit Aexedéor érruvOavounv ei Tiva yweckotev 
Aexererobev Snporevopevov Layxdéwva. émrerd7) 
dé ovdels EbacKey yryveoKew avTov, TuOopevos 
oe \ e , / A \ Yd A > ‘5 
étt Kal érépas Sixas tas pév gevyou tas § 20 
@grXnKoL Tapa TO Todepa EXayov Kal eyo 
7 apa TO Todkewapye@, EXaxoV Kal eyo. 
Ul ral \ = Cree / aA > / 
4 patov pev ovyv tyiv Aexedéwy ods npopny 
, la M \ . » 
peaptupas tapéfouat, Ererta 5€ Kal TOV Gro 
Tav Naxovtav te Sixas av’T@ mpos Tov Troré- 
papyov Kal Katadikacapévov, boot Tuyxyavouct 25 


mapovtes. Kai wou érirtaBe To dup. 


EVIDENCE OF CERTAIN DECELEIANS THAT PANCLEON 
IS NOT A DECELEIAN ; AND OF CERTAIN PERSONS 
WHO HAD BROUGHT SUITS AGAINST HIM BEFORE 
THE POLEMARCH. 


§ 2. Accordingly I sued him before the Polemarch. 
He demurred as above. I asked many Plataeans ; none 
knew him, but one Nikomedes claimed him as a runaway 
slave, and his description exactly tallied with what I 
knew of Pancleon. I will call this man. 


5 *Ex pév tovtwv treiaOels mpos Tov Todeuapyov 
? ed \ f > \ / > \ 

avto tiv Sixknv édayov érrevdyn Sé pow avTny 
avrTeyparaTo pn eicayw@yijov eivat, Tepl ToANOD 

mowovpevos pndevi So€ar tBpifev PBovrecOax 30 
pardrov 7) Sixnv AaBeiv oy HdixnOnv, TpaTov pév 
EvOvxpirov, bv tpecBvtarov te Udataéwv éyiy- 
vackov Kal pddiota Bounv eidévat, Hpounv el 
tiva yryveckot ‘Imrappodmpou viov Iayxréwva 

/ ” , > \ > A > / / ~ 

6 Wnatatéa: Errerta 8€, érretdn éxetvos atrexpivato 35 


150 AYSIOY XII [23] 


C4 \ ¢ / \ / e\ \ 
poe bre Tov ‘“Imrappodmpov pev ywockor, viov é 
/ BA 
éxelvp oddéva ode Layxdéwva ote addov ovdéva 
> is ” > td N \ an YA 4 
eldein dvta, npwTav 6) Kal THY addwY OaOUS 
ov / ” / 93 > rn 
joew Unataséas dvtas. wavtes ody ayvoodvTes 
40 7) Ovoma avTov, axpiBéctata av eEpacav pe 
/ / > \ \ \ a 
mubécbat €ovTa eis TOV YAWPOV TUpOV TH EVN 
a n ~ 
cai véa tadTn yap TH twépa ToD pnvos ExdoTou 
a \ 
éxeice cvdreyeaOat Tors Tdatavéas. Nov obv7 
2 \ \ UA (ea ie 2 / eee) 
eis Tov TUpoV TaUTH TH Huépa ervvOavopny avTar, 
/ 
45 ef twa yiyvockorev Layxdéwva roritny apérepov. 
\ e \ ” > ” A id / 
Kal of pév addOL OVK Efacay Yryv@cKeELy, Els € 
if a lal a 
Tis elev OTL TOV fev TOALTOV OvdeVI Eidein TOTO 
x wee A / ” e lot ae n 
dv TO dvoua, SodrAOV pévToe Eby EavTod aherTaTa 
5 tL v2 ¢ ty , / \ 4 
elvat LayxXéwva, THY Te NALKLAY EYwY THY TOv- 
/ 2 a a 
50 rov Kal THy Téxvnv H obTOS xpHTat. Tair’ odv8 
¢ > n b) , > / a lal 
as adnOh éott, Tov Te EvOvxKpitov, ov mpaTov 
bees 4 \ an ” / ef 
Hpounv, Kal TOV adNwv Tatavewv ocois mpoc- 
rn \ \ A ” a , 5 
ArOov, Kal Tov os &pn Seamotys TovTov eivat, 
/ \ 
pdptupas TapéEopat, Kai poe émidaBe To bdep. 


EVIDENCE OF EUTHYKRITUS AND OF CERTAIN 
PLATAEANS. 


§ 3. Some days afterwards he was actually arrested by 
Nikomedes as his slave, but rescued by some men who gave 
bail for his appearance, on the plea that they would pro- 
duce his brother to prove his freedom. Next day no 
brother appeared, but a woman did appear, claiming him 
as her slave. His friends would not stay the trial, but 
forcibly took him away. You see, he did not venture to 
stand the test. 


KATA ITATKAEQNOS. 151 


“A n a 
9 ‘“Hyépais tolvuy peta tadta ov mTodXais 55 
oe ION > / A fi € \ 
totepoy idov ayouevoy tovtovi Haykéwva 70 
A / a / 
Nixopndovs, 0s euaptipnoev avtod Seamotns 
5 ~ / 07 id al 
elvat, TpoanOov Bovdropevos eidévat oOTroioy Tt 
a / 
mept avtod mpaxOnaoito. ToTEe pev ovv éreLds) 
/ 3 / A 
éTavoavTo payomevol, Eloy TwWEes THY TOvT@ 60 
/ ¢/ 7 > a > \ a 2 / 
TapovToy oT ein avT@ abEeddos bs eEatpijcoiTo 
/ 
avtov eis édevOepiav: éml Tovtow éyyunodpevor 
/ 
10 TapéEewy eis ayopay @yovTO amuovtTes. TH SO 
ig / an ad a er \ \ 
botepalig Ths Te ayTiypapis évexa TavTnol Kat 
> an a » an / 
avTis THs Sikns éd0E— por xphvar paptupas 65 
/ / a7? > / / tae] 
AaBovre wrapayevécOar, iv’ eideinv Tov tT éEatpn- 
t : as & s > PI 94? 
comevoy avTov Kal 6 TL NEywv apatpnaoiTo. é&h 
oe 
ols ev oov éEnyyunOn, ovte adeAdhos ovTE AdXOS 
> 3 Ly x \ / 4 a > Telus 
ovdels AOE, yur) 5€ hdcKkovoa avThs avTov 
eivat SoddAov, audicBntodca TH Nixopnder, Kal 70 
> ” 7 SEN ” ad \ 3 Mead 
ovK épn edcew adTov ayew. O0a wey ody avTOOL 
> / \ xX by / a by 
éppnOn, Todds av ein por Royos SinyeioOau: eis 
a \ / 9 iv v. ( a 
TouTo 5& BiatoTntos HAOov of TE TapovTes TOUTO 
\ > \ a ed > lA \ nr 
Kal avTos ovTos, Mate e0éXovTOS péev Tod Nuxo- 
/ an ~ 
pndous eBerovons Oé THs yuvatkds advévat, eb Tis 75 
x > a > na hae eis 4 / 
} els éXevOeplay TovTov éEatpoito 7) ayo. dbadcKkwv 
a 4 
éavtou dovAov elvalt, TOUTM@Y OUdev TOLnTAVTES 
b XO ” s() 5 a / 
apedopevot @YOVTO. $ ovv TH TE TpoTepala 
a ' ia > / \ , / 54 
él rovtois é€Enyyunn Kal tote Bia @yovTo 
> / LAE: it. LA CE 
apedopevot avTov, paptupas mapéEouar tpiv. 80 
\ 
Kai pou éritaBe To Udap. 


~ 


I 


- 


1 éfaipotro Scheibe. MSS. dyo i} pacxwy. Sed els éXevdeplav 
ayew non dicitur. Cf. supr., § 9. 








152 AYSIOY XII [23] 


EVIDENCE OF CERTAIN PERSONS AS TO THE PRO- 
CEEDINGS ON PANCLEON BEING CLAIMED AS A 
SLAVE. 


§ 4. Besides, in the action Aristodikus brought against 
him, though he demurred to the swt being before the 
Polemarch, yet he did not venture to prosecute for perjury 
the witness who denied his being a Plataean.. To conclude, 
he eventually took refuge in Thebes,—the last place to 
which a Plataean would go. 

‘Padcov Toivuy eidévat 6Tt ovS adtos Hayxréwv 

vouites éavtov pry bt Tdatavéa eivat, GAN odd 

/ d \ b / / ) \ 

eRe U Epo: ooTls yap éBournOn Big dpaipebels 

85 evoyous KaTaTTHTAaL TOUS EAVTOU émiTndelous Tots 

Bialows padrov 4 Kata Tovs vopovs eis THY 

érevOepiav eEarpeOels Sixnv AaBeiv Tapa TaV 

dyovtav avtov, ovdevi yaretrov yvavar Ore ed 

ION : \ ” an 4 > \ 

eldas éauTov OvTa SovAoU edeicev eyyuNnTas KaTa- 
90 ctjoas Tepl Tod c@paTos aywvicacbat. 

"Or. pev ovv Unrataseds eivar rodnrod Sei, 
olwar tpas éx TovT@v oyedov TL ywwoaKeW: TL 
Sé ovd odTos, bs apiota oide TA avTod, HYNTATO 
Sofa adv tiv Wrataveds eivar, €& av érpake 

e / / > a > fi \ a 
95 padiws pabijoec Ge. ye. GUT OROTE YAP Ts 

/ > a 

Sikns tv adtd édraxev “Aptatodixos ovToat, 
> la) \ SN \ / > f € 
apdisBnTav pa Wpos Tov ToAéwapyov Eivai ot 

\ / 78 \ \ > 
tas Sixas Ssewaptupn@n pn Llraracevs eivas, 

b] / N a / 7 > a 
éricknWdapevos 5& TH pwadptupe ovK éreEHdOer, 
100 GAN elace Katadikdcacbar adtod tov ’Apioro- 
Sixov. rel Se brepnpepos eyévero, eEétice THY 
Sixnv, KkaOote éeiOe. Kal TovTwv, ws adnOh 


Lal 


2 


Lal 


3 





15 


16 


KATA ITATKAEQNOZ. 153 


> , 3 A / te Oa / 
éoTl, paptupas eyo TapéEowar vyiv. Kai pov 
érrinaBe TO bdap. 


EVIDENCE AS TO PANCLEON’S SUBMITTING TO A SUIT 
GOING AGAINST HIM BEFORE THE POLEMARCH. 


a ¢ a 5 ea \ 
IIply roivuy tadta oporoynOjvat avT@, Sedums 105 
a a 
tov "Apiotodcxov, petactas évTedbev OnBnar 
e / a 2O7 e a ed by Ss 
peT@xKel. KaiToL olpat eldévat Upas ore ebrep ay 
TDatase’ds travtayod waddrov 7 OnBnow eixos 
Hv avTov petorxnoat. ‘Os odv wee éxet ToddY 
ld if eA / / / 
Xpovov, TOUTwY Uuiv wapTupas Tapéfouar. Kai 110 
> }. Ae 
pot érridaBe TO Vdwp. 


EVIDENCE AS 'TO PANCLEON’S RESIDENCE IN THEBES. 


"E€apkeity pot vouifw Ta eipnucva, @ avdpes 
Sixactai: éav yap Sivapvnpovednte, oi OTe Ta 
te Sikata Kal TarnOA rw>WndueicGe, Kal A eyo 
bpav Séopat. 115 


ORATION S417. 9[24,] 


BEFORE THE BouLk. ANSWER OF A CRIPPLE TO 
AN IMPEACHMENT CHARGING HIM WITH RECEIV- 
ING STATE AID UNDER FALSE PRETENCES. 


§ 1. I am obliged to my opponent for giving me the 
opportunity of rendering an account of my life. At the 
same time he betrays the meanness of his motives. 


Cn 


10 


20 


154 AYSIOY XIII [24] 


9 


"Odiyou' dé yapwv exe, @ BovdAy, TO KaTN- 
/ / nr 
yop@, OT’ por TaperKevace TOV ayava ToUToVi. 
f rn 
TpoTepov yap ovK éywv mpopacw ed Hs Tod 
/ a 
Biov doyov Soinv, vuvi Sa Todtov eiAnda. Kal 
, a i n \ ’ a 4 
TELPATOMAL TH NOY TOUTOY pév éTrLdEtEaL Yrevdo- 
pevov, euavtov 6& BeBiwxdta péype Thode THs 
¢€ / ? / la) ” xX / \ \ 
Huépas ETaivov warrov akov 7) POovou: dia yap 
O\ ” a / / 
ovdev AAO pot SoKel TapacKevdcat Tovde por 
\ / Le x \ / / ad 
Tov Kivdvvov ovTtos 7) bia POovov. Kaito oats 
/, a A € ” 5] n / xX 
TOUTOLS pOovet ovs ol adXOL EXEOVGL, TiVOS aV 
buiv 0 TowovTos atoayécOat Sone? Trovnpias ; ov 
pev yap evexa xpnudtwv pe ovKodparte?, ovd 
@s éyOpov éavTod we Tyswpeitar” Sia yap Thy 
Tovnpiav avTod ovte idw ovTe éxOpe TwTroTE 


éypnodunv avTd. dn Tolvuv, @ BovdH, SHrOs 3 


éott POovav, Ste TovavTn KEexpnuévos cuppopa 

Ve rd 3 oN / \ \ i 
Tovtov BedTiov elul ToriTHS. Kal yap oipat 
Seiv, @ Bovdr}, Ta To copatos SvaTUy pata 
Tois THs Wuyfs émitndedpacw iacbar Karas. 
> \ bd ” a qn \ \ 4 4 
el yap €& tcov TH cumdopa Kal Ty didvoray EEw 
Kal Tov adXov Biov didEw, Ti TodTOV bi0icw; 


§ 2. He asserts that I receive State charity unfairly, 
because (1) I am of a sound body, (2) I have a trade 
sufficient to maintain me. To prove the first he alleges 
that I ride on horseback ; and to prove the second that I 
associate with rich men. 

(a.) I will answer the second assertion first. My father 


1 6\lyou Cobetus. Scheibe ob modXod. 

2 Vulgo ef pev yap . . ef 5 ws . . remwpetrar Pedderar. Cobe- 
tus Wedderac delet, efs.. ef in od wey. . od’ mutat. Cui 
Scheibe assentit. 


EE 





YITIEP TOY AAYNATOY. 155 


left me nothing. Till three years ago I was maintaining 
my mother. I have no sons of an age to help me. My 
trade is laborious and not lucrative, and I can get no 
one to take my work in tt. Do not therefore deprive me 
in my old age of what was thought due to me when I was 
younger, and therefore less in need of tt. Rich ! would 
not he prefer to be Choragus ten times rather than 
exchange properties with me ? 


\ \ 5 A an 4 > / 
4  I[lept pév otv tovtwy tocabTa jot eipyncba: 


e \ e \ / / e x al 
vrép av Sé mot TpoonKer Eyer ws av oloV TE 
lal £ 
Sia Bpaxvtdtov épad. nat yap o KaTryopos 
by] / / \ \ rn / 
ov dixalws pe AauBdvew TO Tapa THs TodEws 
apytpiov: Kal yap TH compare StivacOat Kal ovK 
elvat TOV advvdtov, Kal Téxyvny érictacbaL 
TolavTny woTe Kal dvev Tov SLdopévouv TovTOU 
5 ony. Kal Texunplows ypHtar THs pev TOD cwopaToS 
\ 7 a 
popns, OTe emt tovs tmmovs avaBaiva, Tis 8 év 
Th Téxvyn evToplas, OTe Sdvapar ouveivar Svuva- 
pévois avOpwrros avariokew. Thy pev odv éx 
THs Téxvns evTopiay Kal Tov adrov TOY éuoV 
Biov, otos tuyydver, Tavtas buds olopar yiwo- 
ic4 Oe ay ON 8 \ / ears, ? \ 
6axew* Sus 6€ Kayo Sia Bpayéwv épd. éeyol 
\ 
yap 0 wey TaTHp KaTéduTrev oddév, THY Sé wNTépa 
/ 
TedeuTHTacay TéTavpat Tpépwv TpiTov eros 
a / 
TouTi, Taides S€ pot ovT@ eloly of we Oeparred- 
/ 
covet. Téxvnv O€ KéxTnuar Bpayéa Svvapévny 
b) a aA > x \ + lal > / 
apereiv, vy avTos pev dn yareTas éepyalouat, 
\ / > ae ” 7 / 
Tov dSiadeEopevoy 8 adtny ova Svvapar KTHCA- 
/ 
cba. mpdocodos S€ pot ovK éxtiv aAXAN TARY 
, rN A 24s , , ee 
TauTns, iv av adérAnobé pe, Kxivdvvetoaip’ av 
\ / A 4 \ 
7 bro TH Suacyepertatyn yevérOar TUX. pn Toivur, 


25 


30 


35 


40 


156 AYSIOY XIII [24] 


45 érrevdy ye éotw, @ Bovdryj, cdcal pe SiKalos, 
aTronéonte adixws: unde & vewTépw Kal waddov 
Eppwpéve ove édore, mpecRutepov Kal acbevé- 
TEpov yiryvouevov abérAnobe: nde Tpotepov Kat 
mept Tovs ovdéy éyovtas KaKkov édXenuovérTaTot 

50 Soxodvtes eivas vuvi 1a Todtov tods Kal To%s 
€xOpots edeewors dvTas aypiws amrobéEnabe: pnd 
EME TOAUNTAVTES GOLKTAL Kal TOvs aAXOUS TOUS 
opoiws éuol Staxecwévovs aOvphoar oujonre. 
Kal yap adv aTotTov eln, ® Bourn, et STE pev ATH 

55 ot hv ) cuppopa, TOTE pev havoiunv NauBdavev 
TO apyipiov TodTo, viv & émedy Kal yihpas Kab 
vooot Kal TA TovTOLS Eropmeva® Kaka TpoayiveTal 
pot, TOTe adhaipeDeinv. Soxet dé poe THs Tevias 9 
THS €uhs TO pwéyeOos O KaTrHyopos av émideiEas 

60 capéctata povos avOpworrav. ei yap éym KaTa- 
atadeis Yopnyos Tpaywdois TpoKarecaiuny avTov 
els avtibocw, Sexdxis dv EXouTo Yopnyjoat par- 
Rov 7) avTidodvar dma. Kal was ov Sewov éott 
vov pev KaTnyopeiy ws Sia ToAdHY evTropiay é€& 

65 icov Svvapat cuveivat Tois TAOVTLwTATOLS, Et dé 
@v éyo Aéyw TUYOL TL yevouEevor, TOLODTOY ElvaL; 
Kal gore Te TovnpoTepor ; * 


(b.) As to my riding on horseback. It is the result of 
my bodily infirmity. I only do it to be able to go on 
such journeys as I am forced to take. It is a proof of 
poverty ; for if I had been rich I should have ridden on 


3 Scheibe éxdueva. 

4 MSS. elvac kal &re rovnpdrepov. Scheibii emendationem 
dedi, non quia pro certo habeo sed quia in loco corrupto nihil 
melius mihi in mentem venit. 





Io 


II 


YIIEP TOY AAYNATOY. 157 


a mule, not borrowed horses. He might just as well allege 
the fact of my using two walking-sticks instead of one, as 
a proof of wealth. 
A n fol / 
Tlepit 5é tis éuhs trmixis, as obtos érodunoe 

pvncOivar mpos tpas, ovte THy Tvynv Seicas 

BA ig an > / > \ ¢ , ” 
oUTE Das aicyuvOets, od Tors 0 Noyos. éyvav 70 
yap, ® Boudy, Tavtas Tovs éyovTas Tt SuvcTUyNpa 
TovovTov te Enreiv Kal TodTo dirocodeiv, Oras 
@s aduTéTaTa peTayelplodyTas TO cuuBeBnkos 
ma0os. av els eyo, Kal TepiTeTTMOKaS TOLAUTH 
cuughopad tavTnv euavT@ pactovny éEedpov eis 75 
Tas Od0vs Tas paKpoTépas TOV avaykalav. 6 &é 

/ 3 le / ig x A 
péytotov, @ Boudry, Texpypiov OTe Sia THY oUp- 
hopav adr ov Sia THY UBpw, ws ovTOS Hyow, 

> aoe. \ ¢ > / C0 id > n ? 
éml Tovs immous avaBaivw padsiov éote pabeiv. ef 

\ > / By reat , Retas , 
Yap EKEKTHNMNV OVE LAY, ETT acTpaBys av wmyoupny, 80 
2 > ? Mame \ \ 2 / Ce 2 / 
GX ovK él TOUS adXoOTPloUS im7Tous avéBatvor: 
vuvt & érrevd) Towodtov od Sivapat Ktycacbat, 
Tois GNdoTplows immo avayKkafopar yphobar 


, ff , a > BY / > 3 
12 TOANAKLS. { KALTOL TWS OUK aTOTTOY éaTLY, ® 


Bovry, TodTov adrov, ei ev er” aotpaBys dyov- 85 
Hevov éwpa pe, oLwTaY av (TL yap ay Kal édeyev;), 
étt 8 emt Todvs ATnpévous tmrovs davaBaiva, 
meipacbar meiGew twas ws SuvaTos eiue; Kal 
ore pev Svoiv Baxtnpiaw ypdua, Tov adXrov 
[ud Xpopévov, wn KaTnYyopElv ws Kal TOTO THY 90 
Suvapéevav éotiv: ote 8 él rods tamous dva- 
Baive, texunpin xphoGat pos buds ws elu Tov 
Suvapéver ; ols éyw Sia tiv adbtny aitiav apudo- 
Tépols ypapar. 


100 


105 


110 


158 AYSIOY XIII [24] 


§ 3. If I am not physically incapacitated, let me be 
elected Archon, and he take my dole. He cannot say in 
one breath that I am sound, and in the next that I am 
too unsound to be Archon. 

Tocotrov Sé& Ssvevyvoyev avavoyuvtia TaeVv 
atdvtov avOpatrav, ooTe tuas Tepatar TrelOeLy, 

/ a 
ToaovTous dvTas els BY, OS OVK eiul TOV advVd- 
Tov eyo. KalTOoL ef TOUTO TelcEL TLVAS UMLOV, @ 

te / / lal an ’ Va =} / 
BovrAn, Ti we K@AVEL KANPOvGOaL TAY evvéa apxov- 
No SGA p) rn \ 5) , \ > \ 
TOV, Kal vwas émovd péev adedécOat Tov oBodov 
e e f id \ i VA e 
@s vylaivovTos, ToUT@ bé Whdicacbat TavTas ws 
avaTnpw@; ov yap dimou Tov avTov byes pev ws 

f E) je x M4 e \ e 
Suvdpevov adpatpnoecbe TO Siddpevov, of S€ wS 

, fa) 
advvatoy dvTa KAnpovcVat KwAUTOVEW. addA 
yap ovTe vues TOUT@ THY aUTVY éxeTE YY@-LNY, 

an e 
ov? ovTos ev Tovdy.” oO péev yap @aTeEp érrl- 
U4 A A x ? / 4 

KAnpou THS Tuupopas ovens audiaRnTHc@v KEL 
Kal. weipatar weiOew twas ws ovK Ell ToLOdTOS 

an Con rn lal 
olov wtpeis opate mavtes vets bé (0 THY ev 
dpovotvtwy eépyov éati) padrov micrevere Tois 
¢ wu De PN, b] a N lal 2 / 
bmetépors avtav opOarpots 7) Tois TOUTOV NOYyoLs. 


§ 4. He next says (1) that I am violent and disorderly 
in my conduct. He must be joking. These are the vices 
of the young, the rich, and the strong ; not of the old and 
cruppled. 

Aéyes 8 ws bBpioriHs eiwt Kal Biatos cal Niav 
acenyas Siaxelpevos, waTrEp Eb PoBEepas dvoudcat, 
MéerAAwY adANOR réyerv, GAN oOvK, av TavU Tpa- 


5 Al. Boris eb ppovay vel vodv. Non sanum puto, 


14 





16 


17 


18 


YIIEP TOY AAYNATOY. 159 


, \ j a / at WN 5] 
coves, pndée Wevdsntat, Tadta Troujcwv. eyo 6 
ipas, ® Bovrn, cadas oiwar Seiv SiaywacKew 
ois 7 éyyapel TOV avOpdrrov LBpioTtais eivat Kat 
ols ov TpoonKe. ov yap Tevopévous Kal Aiav 
/ 
atépas Svaxepévovs vBpifew eixos, adda Tovs 
TOANG TrEelw TOV avayKaiwy KEeKTHMEVOUS* OSE 
\ > "4 tal / ” > A \ 
TOUS AduVaToUs Tots cwpacty ovTas, aAXNa TOUS 
padota TicTEvoVTas Tais avTa@VY pwpaiss ovdE 
\ ” / Ae / ’ \ \ ” 
Tous 5n TpoBeBnKotas TH HALKia, GANA TOUS ETL 
a / € 
véous Kal véais Ttais Siavolais ypwpévovs. ol 
pev yap TAovcLOL Tois xpHpacww éeEwvodvTat Tors 
\ fel 
Kiwdvvous, of S€ TéVNTES UTO THS Tapovons aTro- 
plas cwdpoveiy avayxafovtar: Kal oi pév véor 
ovyyvepuns akwodvTar Tuyydvew Tapa THY TpEC- 
an e 
Butépwv, tots 8 érépows eEapaptavovew opoiws 
a / a a 
ETLTLML@TW apupoTepor’ Kal Tols pev toxupots 
eyxwpel yndev adbtois macyovow, ods av Bovdn- 
fal id / an x > / > y+ ” 
Gacw, tBpifev, tots b€ acbevéow ov« Ect ovTE 
e / b] Vg 6 \ ¢ 4 ” 
uBpilouevors apvverGar tovs vmdapEavtas ove 
©. / VA / lal > 
UBpife Bovropévors TepuyivecOar TaHV abdciKov- 
f ae an 
pévov. wate pot Soxet 0 KaTHyopos eizreiy Tepl 
THs éuns UBpews ov orrovddfav, adrAa Tailwr, 
lal a / la) 
ovd upas Tetcat BovAouevos ws Eipl ToLOvTOS, 
> fal / ee \ 
GXN’ enue Kopmbdety Bovrowevos, domep TL KaNOV 
TOLOV. 


(2.) That my house is the resort of men of bad char- 
acter and ruined fortunes, who look out for the oppor- 
tunity of fleecing others. But I am no more responsible 
than any other trader for the character of those who 
frequent my shop. 


115 


120 


125 


130 


135 


140 


145 


150 


155 


160 


160 AYSIOY XIII [24] 


/ 
"Ere 88 kal cvrAréyecOai dnow avOparovs ws 
4 \ a 
éué movnpovs Kal TodAovs, of Ta pév eavTav 
a / 
dvnroKact, Tois b¢ Ta ohéTepa acwHfeww Bovdo- 
/ > oe ¢ a \ > / 
pévors émuBovrevovow. tpeis 5é evOupnOnTe 
mavrTes OTL TAaVTA Neywv ovdeYv e€u“od KaTNYopEL 
rn xX fal BA (4 te BA > \ 
padXov 3) TOV AArwv boot Téxvas Exovaw, ovdE 
n / a lal 
TOV OS eue EloLoYTWY paAAOV 7) TOV ws TOvS 
bs if v4 \ e a 7 
didXous Snusoupyots. Exactos yap buav eiOroras 
a e fal ¢ \ 
mpocportay Oo wey Tmpos pupoTrwretov, o dé Tpos 
an ¢ fal ¢e 
Koupetov, 0 Oé Tpos oKuToTometov, 0 & Orrot av 
Tvyn, Kal TreloTor pév @S TOUS eyyUTaTw TIS 
dyopas KaTecKkevacpévous, éhaxtator S€ ws TOUS 
mreloTov améyovtas avTAs’ oT el Tis vuav 
an yi 
movnplay KaTayvoceTal TOV ws EMe EloLOVTOD, 
SHrov btu Kal TOY Tapa Tois addows ScatprBov- 
> \ > 7 \s: te 2 / e 
tov: ef dé Kaxelvov, atavtav "AOnvalwv: arav- 
\ yy n \ / e n 
tes yap elOic0e mpocpoitay Kai dvatpiBew aod 
ryé Tov. 


§ 5. Providence has debarred me from advancement in 
civil life ; you have done something to redress the balance 
by your charity. Do not undo it. You have no cause to 
do so, either from my character, or from the part I played 
in politics at the time of the Revolution. 


"AANA yap ovK O16 6 Tu Se? Niav pe axpiBas 
atroNoyoupevov mpos &v Exactoy viv TaV etpn- 
pévav evoxyreiv TrElw Ypovov. et yap bmép TOV 
peylorwv elpnxa, Ti Set mept TOV opolws TOUT 
hathov orovddtew ; eyo 8 tov, & Bovd, 
Séouat TavT@y THY adTipy Exe TeEpl ewod Siavo.ar, 


4 


2c 





———— 


SO Re REN SE Ong PS SRE Reet ieee & ie 


Pee 


YITEP TOY AAYNATOY. 161 


/ a 
2 hwmep Kal mpotepov. pnd ov povov pmetadaPeiv 


éd@xev 1) TUYN ol TOV ev TH TaTpidL, ToUTOV Sid 
TOVTOVl atrooTepnonTé pe+ pnd & dda KoLW?, 
mavres GdoTé pol, viv ovTOS els OV elon Tad 
Duds adpedécOar. érrevd7) yap, @ Bovdn, Tav 
peyiotav apyav o Saivov arectépnoev tds, 1) 
Toms Hiv eyndicato TobTO Ta apyvpLov, iyov- 
pévn Kowas elvar Tas TUYas Tols mace Kal 


3 TOV KakOv Kal TOV ayalov. Tas odv ovK av 


re a 
devrNasotaTos elnv, ef TOV wey KaANCToV Kal 
peylctov Sua THY cumpopayv arrectepnuévos eElny, 
/ lal lal 
a 8 % qwodus ewxe tpovonfeica Tav ovTwS 
Siaxeyévov, Sua Tov KaTrHyopov adarpebeiny ; 
pndapas, @ Bovry, tavTn OAce Thy wWihdor. 
dia ti yap av Kal Tiyouw ToLovToY tua ; 
/ n 
4 WOTEpoY OTL Ou Eué TIS Els GYOva TaHTOTE KaTA- 
say b % \ > / b >? +9? x e 
oTas am@Xece THY Ovciav; GAN ovd av eis 
atrodeliEevev. GAN OTL ToAuTpaypev eiul Kat 
Opacds Kal girarrexOnuwv ; adr od TovavTass 
adhoppais tod Biov mpos Ta ToladTa TYyyaVva 
/ 
5 Xp@mevos. adr OTe Niav UBpiotHs Kal Biavos ; 
Grr’ odd av adtos dicecev, eb pon BovrotTO Kal 
nr rn ¢ 
TovTO wevderOar Tois dAXoLs Opolws. GAN OTL 
lal / lal 
él TOY TpLdKoVTA yevomevos ev SuVamEeL KAKaS 
> / \ Lal a by \ \ a 
€TO\LNTA TOANOUS THY TOALTAV ; AAAG META TOV 
byetépov TAHOovs Epvyov eis Xadkida tHhv er 
J a 
Evpite, cai é€ov pot per éxeivwv adeds TroXL- 
Vi > (¢ lal ¢ / Vs id Ed 
teverOar, we? vudv eiAounv Kivdvvevey atrav- 
5 Tov. pn Toivuv, @ PBovrAyn, pndéy uapTnKas 
c Y rn an / 
opoiws tuav TvYOyL Tos TOANA HOLKNKOCLD, 
M 








175 


185 


190 


162 AYSIOY XIV [28] 


GdrAa THY av’Tny Whdov Bécbe Tepi euod Tats 
a / 
195 aArats Bovrais, avayvnobévtes GTi ovTE YpHwaTa 
a / a 
Suayerpicas Ths Torews SiSmps ROyov avTar, 
ovTe apyiy apEas ovdepiav evOvvas iTéyw viv 
> a ’ \ \ b rn / a \ 
aUuTHS, GAA Tepi OBoroD povoy TroLodmaL TOUS 
Aoyous. Kal odTws tpels pev Ta Sixata yvacerbe 
U2 =i ON: \ / Pea | \ 4 N 
200 waves, éyw Sé TovTwy tpiv tuyav &Ew Ti 
xapiv, odtos Sé€ Tod RNourrod pabycetaL my TOIs 
na ¢ 
dcbevertépors émiBovreverty GANA THY Opoiwy 
> a / 
auT@® Tepuyiver Oar. 


ORATION XIV. [281] 


AGAINST ERGOCLES FoR EXTORTION. BEFORE 
THE BoULE 


§ 1. Ergocles cannot even by his death give full satis- 
faction for the mischief he has done to you and your 
allies, to your navy and your revenue, and for the money 
he and his friends have embezzled. 

Ta pév katnyopnuéva ovtws éotl moAda Kal 
Seva, @ avdpes "AOnvaior, oaTE ovK dv pot SoKeEt 
Stivacbat “Epyowajs trép évis Exdotov trav 
TeTpayWevov avT@ ToArAAKLS aToOavev Sodvat 

5 Sixnv aklay TO tywetépw TAHOE. Kal yap ToAELs 
mpodedwxws haivetat, kal mpokévous Kal Troditas 
ipetépous Houxnkas, Kal éx mévntos éx Tar 
ipetépwv Trovoos yeyevnuévos. KalToL Tas 
avtois xpi) cuvyyvauny eyew, Stay opate Tas 





KATA EPPOKAEOY%®. 163 


pév vais, Ov Hpyov ovTo, du’ arropiay ypnudtav 10 
KaTadvopévas Kal x ToAN@Y GALyas yLVOLEVAS, 
touTous dé wévntas Kal amropous éxmXevcavTas 
oUTw@ Taxyéws TAEloTHY TOY TOMTOY ovciaY 
KEKTHLEVOUS ; UpeTEpov Toivuy Epyov éotiv, w 
avdpes “AOnvaiot, éri tots TovovTos dpyiferOac: 15 

3 kal yap 8 Sewov ay ein, ef viv pév odTws adTol 
mucCopevot Tais eiahopais cuyyv@uny Tois KdeTr- 
tovct Kal tois Swpodoxovaw Eéyoite, év S& TO 
TEWS YPOVO, Kal TOV oikwv TOV buEeTep@v weyaddrov 
évtTav Kxal tov Snuociwv tpocddav peyddwv 20 
ovcay, Oavatw éxorabere Tos Tov tpetépwv 
émtOupobytas. 


§2. If you had known what was going to happen you 
would never have trusted Thrasybulus. Now, it was 
Ergocles who advised Thrasybulus, when summoned home 
to give an account of his administration, to seize Byzan- 
tium and defy you. This is the result of wealth gained 
by public frauds. No sooner are men thus wealthy than 
they grow disloyal. Thrasybulus, happily for himself, 
ts dead. But Ergocles and his colleagues can and ought 
to be punished for the sake of example, in spite of their 
bribery. . 


> 2 + / e al e A ’ 

4 Oipar & eywye ravtas tuas oporoyfqcat, ei 
tpiv OpaciBovros émnyyédrXeTO Tpinpes Exyov 

> Yd \ 4 4 > \ lol 
extTrAevcec Oat Kal Tav’Tas Tadalas ayTl Kalvav 2 
Tapabsocev, Kal Tous pév KiWdvvous bpetépous 
écecOat, Tas & wdedelas TOY avTod dirov, Kat 
tpas pev bia Tas eiohopas tevectépous arro- 
Seley, “Epyoxdéa S€ Kat Tots KodaKas ToOvs 


ou 


30 


40 


45 


50 


5D 


164 AYSIOY XIV [28] 


QUTOD TAOVTLWTATOUS TOV TOALTOV TOLNTELY, 
Ye lal fa) a 
ovdéva av tuav émitpéar Tas vats éxelvov 

yy b la of tae > J sf / 

éyovta exTredoat. GANws TE Kal e7rELb}) TAaXLOTA 

e al b] / \ / 2 sf \ > 

vueis eendicacbe Ta yphjpata atroypdwvat Ta eK 
fal / 

TOV TOAEWY ElAnupéva Kal Tos apyovTas Tos 


> an if (Z > 
5 eT éxelvov katate evOvvas Swcovtas, ’Epyo- 


n o e BA lal \ lal > / 
KXijs EXeyev Ws dn TVKOpaVTELTE Kal TOY apyatov 
, an x 
voor eTOupette, Kal OpacvBotrAw cvveBovrEve 
a a \ 
Bufavrvov catadaBeiv cal Tas vads éyewv Kal THY 
s) 50 / a oc be pha > / 3° 
Levdov Ovyatépa yapeiv: “iva avtov éxxorrys 
\ \ 
edn “ Tas cuKxopavtias: Tomoes yap adTovs ovK 
emiBovrevovtas aol Kabjobat Kal ois coils 
lal 3 
iro, GAa Tepl avTav Sediévat.” ovTwS, @ 
” > a > \ / eV: ni \ 
avdpes “A@nvatos erred) Taxvota évérAnvTo™ Kal 
a e / > } > / a / 
TOV UMETEPWY ATEMAVTAV, AANOTPLOUS THS TOAEWS 
VQ n an 
EavTovs HYNCTAaYTO. dua yap TAOUTODGL Kal bwas 
rn / 
fucovet, Kal ovKéTe WS apEOpevoe TrapacKevdtov- 
? a ne CA ” \ , Cae 
Tal adXrX ws buav apEovtes, Kal SedioTes b7rép 
uy 
av vdypnvtat Eroysoi etot Kal ywpia KaTadap- 
Bavew kal ddvyapxiav Kaiotdvat Kal TavTa 
al an / 
Tparrety, OTws duels ev Tois ServoTaTors KLvdUVOLS 
Ka?’ éxaotny huépav écerbe: ovTas yap HyobvTat 
val a \ 
ovKETL Tos oheTépols avT@Y dpapTHwact TOV 
an a lal lal A 
voov tas mpocéEew, aN vTrép buav avTav Kal 
n / an \ 7 
THS TOAEWS OppwoodyTas HovyYiay pos TOUTOUS 
? a 
&Eev. OpacvBovros pév odv, @ avdpes ‘AOnvaior, 
a a I / a 
(ovdév yap Set mepl adTov TrElw Réyetv) KAADS 
\ / X 
évroincey oUTwsS TEXEUTHTAS TOY Blov: ov yap 
\ A / 
det avtov ovte Civ Tovovros epyows émeBov- 


1 Al. éveréadnvro. 


5 


6 


z 


ao 


KATA EPPOKAEOY2. 165 


Aevovta, OVO id bpav arobaveiv Hdy Tt SoKovvTa 
e Lal > \ / > X t Ld 
wpas ayabov TeroinKéval, adda ToLovT@ TPOT@ 60 
. / re Leta) 2 

97THs Todews aTadXayhvat. opa® & avtors dia 

THY Tpanv éxkAnoiav ovKéTe erdopévovs TAV 

4 > > > / ». e nn A 

XPNUATwV, GAN WvoUpEVOUS Tas aUT@Y ruUYas 

fal ‘2 cal r 

kal Tapa TOV AeyovT@Y Kal Tapa TaY éxOpav 
kal Tapa ToV TpuTavewr, Kal TOAXOds ’AOnvalwy 65 

> ij / e \ 2 \ eles v , 2 
apyupia SiapGeipew. itep dv byw akfvov eotw 
aTrokoyncacbat Tapa TovTou viv Sixnv AaBodct, 
kal wacw avOpwrros émideiEar Ott ovK EoTL 
Tocaita ypnyata, wv tyes NTTHTETHE GaTE M1 
10 Tywwpetcbat Tors adixodyTas. évOupeicbe yap, 

i ¥ > val 4 > > a , 

@ avdpes “AOnvaior, 6tt ovK “EpyoxAjs povos 
s > \ \ e , e- nA >" a 
KplweTat, AAAA Kal N TOMS OAH. VUVL yap TOS 
r / 
dipyovat Tois tpetépois émideiEere TroTepov xpi) 
S ». Cee? al fal Gg , e 
dixalows civat, 7) Os TAEIcTA THY tpeTepwv UpEdo- 
pévois TH avT@ TpoTw THY cwTNpiay Tapa- 
oxevatec Oat, OEP OVTOL VUVL TELPAVTAL. KalTOoL 
Ss 3Q7 / a ” > cr oe 3 

11ev eidévae yp, @ avdpes “AOnvaiory Gatis év 
TocavTn aTopia Tov wpeTépwvy TpayydTov 7 
i 
TONES Tpodidwow 7} XpHpaTa KrETTELW 7 Swpo- 
Soxeiy akwoi, ovTos Kai Ta Teiyn Kal Tas vads 80 
rf / , \ > / 3 
Tois ToAeulois Tapadidwot Kal odvyapyiav éx 
Snwoxpatias KaBictnow: wot ovK akiov vpiv 
Tis TovTwY TapacKeuns HnTTacOaL, GdAdAA Tapd- 
Serypa Tact avOpaTrols Toijocat Kal wnte KEpdos 
, | Le et \ \ 4 / ~ 
pnte EXeov pnt GdrXo pndev Tepl TAeElovos TroLn- 85 
cacbat Tis TOUT@Y TYLwpias. 


70 


~ 


~J 


ot 


§$ 3. I do not suppose he will plead his foreign services, 


166 AYSIOY XIV [28] 


but will refer to the part he took wn the Revolution to 
prove that he is a friend to the Democracy. J answer, 
that open disloyalty, such as that of the Thirty, rs less 
criminal, because less dangerous, than the pretended loyalty 
which only enriches itself under cover of care for you. 
Condemn him for the sake of example; if you acquit 
him and his friends, they will feel no gratitude to you, 
but put it all down to the money they have spent in bribes. 
You will show also the injured States, such as Hali- 
carnassus, that the harm he did them was not done with 
your approval. 


Oiuas & ’Epyorréa, & avdpes “AOnvaiot, Trept 
pev “AdtKapvaccod Kal Tepl THs apxAs Kat Trept 
TOV avTO TeTpaypévayv ovK ETTLYELPHoELY aTrO- 

90 Novela Oat, épeiv 8 ws ad PvdrARs KxaTHrAOe Kal 
ws Snwotixos éots Kal ws Tov Kwodivev TOV 
bpetépwv petécyev. éyw Sé, & avdpes *AOnvaior, 
ov THY avTHY yvounv exw Tepl TOY ToLovTaV* 
Grn baoou péev ErevOepias Kat Tod Sixalov ériOv- 

95 podvtes Kal Tovs vomous icxyvery BovrAdpevor Kal 
TOUS GOLKODVTAas mLcobVTEs TOV DweTépwv KivdUVOV 
peTéayov, ov Trovnpods eivat TrodiTas, ovSE adiKas 
Tovtois dnl av elvat broroyov Hy éxelvov 
duynv: ocot S& KatedOovtes év Snpoxpatia Tod 

100 péev bpérepov mrAHO0s abdiKodct, Tos Sé idiovs 
olxous €x TaV KweTépwv peyddovs ToLodal, TOND 
padrov avtois mpoonke dpyiterOar 7} Tots TpLd- 
Kovta. of pev yap él todT éxeiporovnOncar, 
iva kaxds, el 1n Svvawto, buas Toujoeav:” 

105 rovtois S buds adrods éretpéare, a peyadnv 


2 roioecay Scheibe pro roujoacev, cf. viii. 1. 47. 


~ 


KATA EPPOKAEOY%2. 167 


kat revOépav Thy Tow Toncwow:* ov tpiv 
ovdev atroBéBnkev, GAXa TO eri ToUTOLS Elvat eV 
tois Sevotatos Kivdvvois KabectnKaTe, @OTE 
modu av SiKaoTepov tas avTovs 7 TovTOUS 
éXeoite, Kal Tods tywetépous Taidas Kal yuvaixas, 
6Tt UO ToLovTwY avdpav AvpaiverOe. Stay yap 
Hyncopeba* cwrnpias avTeidbOa, Seworepa 
id Tov Huetépwv apyovTav Tacxomev 7) tO 
TOV ToNEu“iov. Kaito. TavtTes érictacBe STL 
ovdenia édtris cwTnpias tiv Svotvyncacw. wore 
a&wov twas TapaKeNevoapévous viv avtois Tapa 
ToUT@v vuvl THy peyicTny Siknv AaBeEiv, Kal Tots 
G@dros “EddAnow éidei~Eas @s Tods abdixodvTas 
Tiwpeicbe, Kal Tovs twetépous dpyovTas BedTious 


/ b] X x = -f>° con tA 
16 TOLNTETE. ey@ pev ov TAaVO div TapaKedevo- 


17 


e aA \ \ PAN 4 x» \ > \ 
pars wpas b€ ypy eidévac Ott, av pev epot 
A 2 \ e a 4 > \ , 
mecOnre, ev Tept avTav Bovrctcecbe, ci dé yn, 
, A »”. / / ” / 
xelpoot Tos GAXots Totals ypyoecOs. Ere 8é, 
@ avopes “AOnvaio, adv aitav atoyndioncée, 
ovdeuiay wpiv eicovtar yapiv, Ga Tos aynrw- 
pévols Kal Tols ypyuaciw ols bdnpnvTat: woTE 
\ \ ¥ e lol > a U ~ X 
Thy pev ExOpay ipiv avtois Katareivete, THs Se 
ceTnpias éxeivois elcovta yap. Kal pev Sn, 
@ avdpes “A@nvaiot, kai oi ‘ANKapvacceis Kal ot 
»”. e e \ VA > / a \ A 
Grote of bd TovTwY HdiKnuévol, av pev Tapa 
ToUT@y Thy peyiotny Siknvy AaBnTE, vopodow 
e X\ , \ > Y e A \ e - 
tro TovTwy pev aTrodkw@révat, twas S€ avTois 
BeBonOnxévat: éav S€ TovTovs cHaonNTE, HyNTOVTAL 
r e r 
Kal wpas opoyvepovas yeyovévat Tois avtovs 
3 romowou, al. rojcover. 4 AL. Bre yap inyjoapeda. 


110 


120 


130 


168 AYSIOY XV [30] 


/ b 
135 mpodedmxoow. wot akov TolTwY aTavToV 
> is e/ a /- lal € / 
évOvpnbévtas awa tots Te hirows Tots vueTépois 
amovobvat yapw Kal Tapa TOY adiKovVT@Y THY 
duxnyv AaBety. 


ORATION XV. [80.] 


For THE PROSECUTION. AGAINST NIKOMACHUS 
FOR FAILING TO GIVE ACCOUNT OF HIS OFFICE 
(Sinn aXoyiov). BEFORE THE TEN LOGISTAE. 


§ 1. Lf public services may be pleaded in mitigation of 
punishment, the reverse ought to have weight in its aggra- 
vation. To say nothing of Nikomachus’s servile origin, 
his offences in his public capacity have been outrageous. 
He was originally [B.c. 410] appointed commissioner 
[vopoberns] to transcribe the laws of Solon,—which was 
to be done within four months. He thereupon took upon 
himself to alter, abridge, or erase them, and instead of 
four months drew daily pay for six years. The business 
of the Courts meanwhile was thrown into the utmost con- 
fusion. And now he has committed a similar offence (1) 
in taking four years to do what he was appointed [B.c. 403] 
to do in one month ; (2) in performing the task in a 
wholly different spirit from that in which you intended 
it» (3) in refusing to submit to the usual public audit. 
What presumption in one who is in fact a public slave / 


"Hdn, @ dvdpes Sixacral, tiwés eis Kplow 
KaTacTavTes adiKeiy pev edokav, amodpaivoytes 
dé Tas TOY Tpoyovey apeTtas Kal Tas oheTépas 
avTav evepyecias cuyyveuns Etvxov Trap’ budv. 


1S) 


w 


KATA NIKOMAXOY. 169 


7 ‘ / \ a ’ / b bé 
érreton Tolvuy Kal TOV aTroNoyoupévov aTrodex- 
27 z \ / \ / 
eabe, édv Te ayabov haivwvtat THY TONY TeTOLN- 
/ f lal lal / lal 
KOTES, GEL@ Kal TOV KaTHYOpaV Kuas aKpodcaclat, 
\ 
éav atropaivwot Tovs devryovtas Tddat TrovNpous 
¢ \ \d 
ovtas. OTe pev Toivuy o tatnp o Nixouaxou 
/ / 
Snuoctos Hv, Kal ola véos @Y ovTOS éTrETHOEUCE, 
"4 
kal doa éTn yeyovas eis Tos Ppdtopas eianxOn, 
Sey + oY Ul > \ \ a / 
Toru av épyov eln NEyeuv: ErrELdn O€ TOV VOMOV 
\ / e A / 
avaypaevs éyéveTo, Tis ovK oldev ola THY TONY 
éXupyvato; mpootayOev yap av’T@® Tecodpwv 
a / / , 
pnvav avaypdwat Tovs vopous Tos Lorwvos, 
/ ‘ 
avtl pev Lorwvos abrov vowobérnv Katéatycev, 
a \ 
avtl 8é. rertapov pnvav é&érn Tiv apyny érou)- 
eae 7 Ae. f. ? te Va 
cato, Kal’ Exdorny Oé Huépav apyvplov NawPavev 
\ Nee \ \ 2e7 > Aloe 
Tovs pev éevéypade Tovs Oe &Enrerpev. eis TOUTO 


\ / an us XN 
6€ KatécTnev WaoTe EK THS TOvUTOU “elpos TeTa- 2 


/ \ / a s >’ / pea al 
puevpeOa Tovs vomous: Kal of avTidsKot éml Tots 
4 
Sixacrnpios évavtiovs tapeliyovto, auporepor 
mapa Nixouayov dacKortes ciknpévat, émuPanr- 
/ An A 
Novtwy bé Tov apyovTav émiBoras Kal eicayov- 
\ a 
Tov eis TO SikacTHpLov ovK HOéANTE Trapadodvat 
\ / b) \ , e / bf \ 
TOUS vosous* AANA TpoTepovy 7H TrodLs ELS Tas 
lA xv tL an 
peylotas cupudopas Katéotn, Tply TodToOV atran- 
Aayhvat THs apxyis Kal Tov TeTpaypévor evOvvas 
14 a 
vTocyelv. Kal yap Tol, @ dvdpes SiKacTai, 


10 


15 


> \ e an 
erreton exelvav Sixny ov dSédwxev, oTroiav Kal vov 30 


THY apxiv KaTecTHCAaTO; boTLS TpOTOV pev 
Téttapa érn avéyparev, e€ov ad’T@ TpidKovta 
nuEp@v aTarraynvat: érevta Siwpicpévov é& 
av eet avaypaderv, avTov amdavt@v KipLov érroL- 


35 


40 


45 


50 


170 AYSIOY XV [30] 


noato, Kal tocadta* Suaxepicas povos obtos 
Tav apéavrav evOivas otk edwKev' Aad O15 
bev adror THS avTaY apxs KaTa TpvtTavetav 
Noyov avadépovor, at dé, & Nuxopaye, ovdé 
TeTTdpwov éTav n€lwcas éyypaat, Gdda pove 
col TaV TodmTaV é£eivar vomifers apyeW TODD 
xpovov, Kat pte evOtvas Siddvar pajte ois 
wndbicpace reiOecOas unre TOV VOwwr ppovTLtery, 
Gra TA pev eyypades Ta 8 eEarelpers, Kai ets 
ToUTO UBpews HKeus waTe cavToD vowifers eivat 
TA THS TOAEWS, AUTOS Snwoctos BV. vas Tolvuv 6 
xp, @ avdpes Sixacral, dvauvnobévtas Kai TOV 
mpoyover Tov Nixopdyou, oltives oav, Kal odTOS 
Os axaplotas tuiv Tpocevyvextar Tapavoynoas, 
KONdoal avTov, Kal émrevdn évds éExaotov dikny 
ovK eiAnhate, vov vmép aTavTwv ye avTa@v THY 
Tiywplav Toucacbe. 


§ 2. Having no case, he will vilify me. He will say 
that I was one of the Four Hundred ; whereas, in fact, I 
was not even put in the list of the Five Thousand. Nor 
has he clean hands. He was the author of that infamous 
decree by which the Oligarchy was enabled to condemn 
Cleophon, who with all his faults was loyal to the Demo- 
cracy. Cleophon might deserve death on other accounts ; 
it was, however, for his loyalty to the Democracy, not for 
his crimes, that the Thirty put him to death. Nikomachus 
was the man who put it in their power to do so, and thus 
really aided the Revolution. We may say, in short,—he 
banished the Democracy, the Democracy restored him. 


1 Scheibe doa cum notis verbi omissi. rogaira autem in 
Codice X legitur, et, punctu post &wxev posito, intelligi potest. 


KATA NIKOMAXOY. 171 


7 "Ioaws 84, @ dvdpes Sixactal, érevdav rept 
avtod pndev Svvntat atroroyeicbat, ewe SvaBanr- 
New Teipdcerat. Tote SE Tepl TaV euav TOUT@ 
aki Tictevew buds, oTdTav atrodoyias épuol 
Sobeions pr) Sivopas Yevddopevoy adtov é&eréyEar. 
éav © apa éruyerph Néyeww Arrep ev TH Boudry, ws 
eyo TOV TeTpaKoTiav éyevouny, evOupEicbe* Tov- 
TOV ToOLadTA NEyovTOV ex THY TeTpaKoTlw@V TAEtoV 


 xidoe yevnoovtar: Kal yap Tovs éte aidas 60 


/ fa! 
évtas év éxelv TO YpOv@ Kal Tods aTrodnpobyTas 
/ a n 
of SvaBddrAcLv BovrAdpevo. tavta Rovdopodow. 
eas 5 \ e/ an bANwA a / 
8éyo Sé oTw ToAAOD edénoa THY TeETPaKoTiwV 
yevécbat, date OVE TOV TevTaKLTXLAl@Y KaTE- 
\ / A 
réynv. Sevvov O€ poe Soxel eivar STt, ef ev Tepl 
3907 if; > / CA a 
idsiev cvpBoraiwv dywvifouevos ottTa davepas 
> t > \ of na xs A > on > / 
eEnreyxov avtov adicodvta, obd dv avdtos nEiwce 
TOLAUTA aATroAOyoUpEvos atropevryety, vuvl 5é TrEpi 
lal A t é / a 
TOV THS ToAEWS KpLVOMEVOS oingETAL YphVat 
a al an \ a 
éuod KaTnyopav viv pn Sodvas Sixny. 
x / 
9 “Ere 6¢ Oavpacrov voulto Nuxdwaxov érépors 
@s adixodet pynotkaxkeiy akvodv, bv éyw émuBov- 
> 
NevoavTa TO TAHOE atrodeiEw. Kal pou aKkov- 
cate Sixatov yap, ® avdpes Sixactal, Tepl Tdv 


55 


65 


70 


/ ’ / \ / / 
TowovTwy avépaTwv tas Tolav’tas KaTnyopias 75 


’ , Y (4 / \ 
amrodéyec Oat, oitwes TOTE TUyKaTaNVCaYTES TOV 


10 6jpov vuvi Snuotixot dacw elvar. érresd) yap 


aTONOMEVOY TOV VEY  pEeTaoTACLsS émpaTTeETO, 
a \ 
Kreofav tHv Bovajny édoddpe, pacxav cuve- 


2 Vulgo legitur ére 6¢ ofua. Sed oluac. . voulfw inepta 
tautologia est. Schetbe malit voulfev. 


172 AYSIOY XV [30] 


80 ordvat Kal ov Ta BédXticTa Bovdrcvewv TH TodEL. 
Latupos bé Kydicreds Bovrevav erevce Thy 
Bovrny Sncavtas adtov Twapadodvar SixacTnpio. 
of d¢€ BovAdpevor adtov atrodécat, SedioTes pi) 
ovK amoxtelvwow év TO SixactTnpio, TeiGovaet 

85 Nixopayldnv® vowov arobetEar @s xpi) Kal THY 
BovrAny cvvdixalew. Kat 0 TavTw@V ovTOS ToVN- 
poTaTos ovTw avepas cuvertaciacev, HoTE TH 
Hepa 7 Kplows éyéveto arrodeiEas Tov vopov. 
KrXcopavtos tolvuv, @ avdpes Stxactai, érepa pév 12 

90 dv Tis Exou KaTHyophoa: TodTO Sé Tapa TavTwY 


-_ 


I 


e lal (4 id Ve \ a 3 a 
OMoNOYEtTAL, OTL OL KaTAAVOYTES TOV SiHpwov EKElvOV 
3 we / an aA > \ / 
€BovXovTo padoTa TOV TOMTOY ExTrod@V yeEve- 
Nees, 4 \ f e a s 
aOa:, Kal bre Ldtupos Kal Xpéwwv of TH TpLd- 
, n / 
KovTAa yevomevot oby wTép Lmav opyComevot 
rs , 7,” n 
95 KXeopavtos Kxatnyopour, QXr iva éxeivov atro- 
KTELVAVTES AUTOL UMAS KAKOS TOLMOL. Kal TADTA 13 
vA \ \ fa A / ’ / 
SuerpaEavto Sua Tov voyov ov Nixopaxos aré- 
FP eN / 4S ” / 3 
SevEev, elxos Tolvuv, @ avdpes Suxactai, évOv- 
an \ ¢ / e an ber a 
petcOar Kal omrocot vuav évopifov Kreohavra 
\ Ve 5 ee % an > An) , 
100 Kakov TroNITHY Elval, OTL KAL TOV EV TH ONLYAPXIA 
> / ” 9 / 3 > ¢ 
aTo$avovtayv taws Tis Hv Tovnpos, GAN o"ws 
Kal dua Tods ToLovTOUS w@pyilecOe Tois TpLaKoVTA, 
e b n b) / 4 3 \ \ 4 
OTe ov TOV adiKnuaToy Evexa AANA KATA OTAoLW 
XN a 
auTovs améKTELvav. €aVv ovY TPOS TAVTA aTrO- 14 
K ol n / [4 > 4 
105 AoynTaL, iS hid péuvnobe, OTL €v ToLOVT@ 
a \ b / ’ 2 e ie 
Kaip@ Tov voyov amédekev ev @ 1 TodTEla 
ie tD / 5 a \ fel 
peOlctato, Kal TovTos yapLfopevos ob Tov Shmov 


3 NixouaxlSnv. Nisi Nexduayov legendum (id quod credo) titu- 
lus fortasse legis recitatur, e.g. Nuxduaxos Nixouaxlins rad elrev, 


15 


16 


17 


KATA NIKOMAXOY. 173 


\ 
KaTéAvoay, Kal TavTny tiv BovrAnv cuvdiKatery 
érroincev év ) Latupos pev Kal Xpéuov péyrotov 
eduvavto, XTpouBryidns Sé Kai Kaddcddns «ai 110 
Erepot ToANol Kal Kadol Kayaoi Tov TodTaV 
aT@NXUITO. 
, 
Kai rept tovtayv ovdéva av érroincauny doyor, 
\ / 
ei py HoOavounv adtov ws SnmoTtiKov vTAa TeLpa- 
cecOar Tapa To Sixawov cwfecOar, Kai TAs 115 
> / fol > \ fol / / 
evvolas Tihs els TO TAHOOS Texunpio Kpnoopevov 
i<4 Mv > \ \ \ e / x ” 
bre Eduyev. eyo Sé Kal érépovs av Exyouue 
émideiEar TOY cuyKaTadvoavTeY Tov Shpov TOUS 
/ / 
bev amoGavovtas, Tovs S€ guyovtas Te Kai ov 
fol \ ¢ 

peTacyovTas THS TodtTElas, WaTE ovdéva eEixos 120 
> a / ca / , a \ XN 
avT® TovTov vToXoyoy yevécOat. Tod pev yap 
e an n / \ 2 tf fal 
buds duyeiy pépos Tt Kal ovTos cuveBdreTo, TOD 
dé rovtov KatedOeiv TO mAnOos TO tpéTEpov 

” DES 4 ” \ \ L > @ \ 
aitiov éyéveto. ett S€ Kal Sewvov, ci wv pe 
” ” f) , SLA y f) 2 iy eS 125 
dkov éraQe xyapww att@® eicecbe, dv éx@v 125 

Z 
eEnuwapte undeulav Tyswpiav Trouncede. 


§ 3. His second charge against me, I hear, will be that 
of impiety. I, forsooth, abolished certain sacrifices! I 
answer that all I did was to move that the sacrifices per- 
formed should be those ordered by Solon’s laws (7a €« TOV 
ktpBewv). If he attacks this, he vilifies not me, but you 
who voted it. But in truth he, who by his alterations of 
the law tablets (kipBets) caused the public money to be so 
squandered on sacrifices not ordered as to be insufficient 
for those that were, is the impious man, not J. 


Tluv@avowar S€ avtov Aéyerv @s aceBO KaTa- 
4 \ / SN > > \ 4 ee 
AWov Tas Gucias. eyo S Ei pév vomous EeTIOnY 


174 AYSIOY XV [30] 


\ fol > a € VA XN gE aA N / 
mept THS avaypagis, nyovpny av eEeivar Nuxopayw 
130 rotadra elev rept euod: viv Sێ Tots Kowvois Kat 
ip bl na la) / lA \ > 
Keyévors GEv@ TovTov TrelBecOar. Oavpdfw 8é ei 
\ » lal e | \ , 3 n i 
pn évOvpetrat, Stay éue hdokn aceBeiv Aéyovta 
rn 4 
es ypn Ovew Tas Ouvalas Tas éx TOV KUpBewr Kal 
TOV OTNOV KaTAa Tas cuyypadds, STL Kal Tis 
/ a a a ? 
135 ToNews KaTHYyopEel: TadTa yap bpels evrndicacbe. 
a / 
éreita €¢ TadTa vopiters Sewd, 7 Tov opodpa 
? / (Spells pe tal ON av ed a Uh / 
€xelvous yn aduKely, of Ta Ex TOY KUPBEwY povov 
” / 9 +S i? AN > / 
€Ovov. Kaitos, @ advdpes Sixactal, mept evoeBelas 
> \ If \ / > ? > a 
ov mapa Nixowdyou xpi) wavOdvew, GAN x TOV 
= a / 
140 yeyevnuévav cKoreiv. of Tolvuy Tpoyovot TA EK 
Tov KipBewv OvovTes peylotny Kal evdatmoverta- 
a i 
tThv Tov ‘EXAnviiev thy TOY Tapébocay, waTE 
dkvov nuiv tas avtas éxelvows Ovolas Trovetc as 
\ > \ > 7 a / 4 A ? 
Kat ef pndev 8: GAXo, THs TYYNs Evexa Tis €& 
lol e a / lal 
145 éxelvov Tay lepav yeyevnuévns. Tas O av TIS 
evacBéaTepos yévorro éuod, daTis akia mpaTov 
\ N x / Ov ” A an 
pev KaTa Ta TaTpia Ovew eTretTa & paddov 
a / e a 
ouudéper TH TOAEL, ETL dE A O Shpwos eYrndicato 
te fal n 
kal Suvncopueba Satmavav éx TdY TpocLovTaV 
‘ \ vf 4 ts iA > 
150 XPNMATOV ; GU dé, 23) Nexopaye, TOUT@Y Tavapy- 
tla TeToinKkas’ avayparras yap TAElw TOV Tpoc- 
/ 
TayOévtwy altios yeyévncat Ta TMpoc.ovTa 
xpnwata eis TadTa mev avarioxerOa, év Sé Tals 


/ / 2 / Sof , 
TTATPLOLS Bua lats ETTLNELTFELD. QUT“LKH TEPVALV 20 


e; X ” an / V3 a ’ 
155 lepa aduta TPLOV TANAVT@V yeyevnTaL TWY EV 

rais KupBeot yeypappévov. Kal ovy olov Te 

’ a ¢ > e \ > «a n fal / 

elmrelvy @S OvX ikava HY & TpoohdOe TH Toret: 

> \ Ke \ / ? 4 A VA 

€l yap OUTOS KN TAELM avEeyparreY é& tanravtois, 


KATA NIKOMAXOY. 175 


” X ‘ \ , a > , \ 
els te Tas Ovcias Tas Tatpiovs av éEnpKece Kat 
al / 
tpia Tddavra av repieyéveto TH TOKE. epi dé 160 
TOV eipnuévev Kal wapTtupas buiv Tapefopa. 


EVIDENCE AS TO NIKoMACHUS’S ALTERATION OF 
THE LAWS REGARDING THE PUBLIC SACRIFICES. 


§ 4. Now, if we only keep to the writings, we shall 
perform all traditional sacrifices ; but if we follow the 
tablets (otjAas) which he has interpolated, we shall have 
to abandon many of those rites. These alterations were 
made, too, by him at a time when other public expenses— 
eg. for harbours and walls—were unusually heavy. He 
was well aware, too, that an empty exchequer always 
entatls confiscations and other troubles. He deserves 
punishment, and his ability as a speaker will make it 
all the more exemplary and salutary. 

21 "EvOupeicOe toivuv, ® avdpes Stxactai, ort, 
étay pev KaTa Tas cvyypagas Tolmpev, aTavtTa 

X / th 3 \ \ \ \ / 

Ta watpia Overat, éreday S€ KaTa Tas otras 
&is obtos avéyparbe, TOANA THY iepav KaTadveTat. 165 
KaiTOoL OUTOS O lepocvAos TeEpiTpeyel, NEyOV ws 
evoéBetav GAN ovK evTENELAV avéyparye* Kal Et 
pn TadTa twiv apécxea, eEareibew Kedever, Kal 
€« ToUTwY oleTat TreiGeLy ws ovdev adiKET* OS eV 
dvoiy pev étoiv TAEiw dn ToD Séovtos dwHdexa 170 
TardvTos avddwoe, Tap Exactov Sé Tov éviavTov 

22 €mreyeipnoev &E TaddvTos THY Tok CnpuLd@oat, 
kal TadTa op@v avTny aTropotcay ypnudTwv Kal 
Aaxedatpoviovs pév atreidobvTas, Tay pH aTro- 
Tépopev avtois Ta xpypata, Bowwtodvs b€ 175 


176 AYSIOY XV [30] 


} / cg 
avras* ovovpévous, btt ov Suvdpeba S00 TdA- 
n ss 
AavTa atrobovvat, Tovs S€ vewoolKovs Kal Ta 
/ / > \; ‘ v4 e \ ¢ 
TELXN TepiKatTappéovTa, eld@s dé STL % BovdA 7 
Bovdevovoa, dtav pev eyn ixava ypyuata eis 
/ 3, \ od 4 [4 \ > > f 
180 dcolenaow, ovdéev éEapaptave, 6tav Sé eis aTropiav 
kaTaoTh, avayKaterat eicayyedias SéyecOat Kal 
n a n I na 
Onmevety TA TOV TOMTOV Kal TOY pnTOpev Tots TA 
f 5 
movnpotata héyovat weiMecOar. yp ToivvY, @ 
” / \ a / e / 
avopes SuKactal, wn Tois BovNevovoww EéExdoToTeE 
Vv a 
185 opyifecPar, adda Tois ets ToLravTas amopias Kab- 
a / ‘ rn 
loTaot THY TOMY. Mpocéyovat TOV vodV of 
ty, / 
Bovropevoe TA Kova KrETTELW, OTTMS Nexopayos 
an a \ an 
ayovietta’ ois tpets, eay fn TODTOY TLLwpy- 
x ” / \ \ 
onobe, ToAAny ddetav Troinoetes éav Sé KaTa- 
190 Wndicduevon. TOV ecydTwv avTO TiHnoNTE, TH 
4 pe xX ‘ PNTNTE, TH 
> A / 4 ” / / \ 
auTn Wnd@ Tovs Te AdXXous PeATioUS TroUncETE Kal 
\ Ze / > és BA > / 
mapa TovTou Oikny eiingotes Ececbe. errictacbe 
4 9 Po, / a a 
dé, @ avdpes Sixactai, bts Tapddevypa Tos aAXows 
y an rn 
€oTat fn TOAMaY eis Lpas eEapapTavey ody STaV 
rn > 
195 Tous aduvatous eireiv KoNagnTE, GAN Stay Tapa 
a / 14 / f- / > 
Tav duvapévonv réyev Siknv NauBavnte. Tis odv 
n n / / a 
TOV €v TH TONE eLTNOELOTEpOS Nixouayou Sodvat 
/ 
dlknv ; tis éXaTTO THY TOL ayaba TreTrOinKeV 
an © n 
) Wrei@ HoiknKkev ; Os Kal TOV Oclwyv Kal TOV 
An / / a 
200 lepav avaypadeds yevomevos eis audotepa TadTa 
is / > if 0 be [4 \ aD) 
HuapTnKev. avauvncOnte 5é OT’ ToAXOVs HSH 
TOV TOMTOY eT KAOTH Ypn“aTov amrexteivate. 
an a / a ” 
Kaito. €xelvot ev ToTODTOV ovoy Luads EBrarrav 
Le ? x a a / 
dcov évy TO Tapovtt, obToL & eri TH TOV vOMwv 


4 ov)as, al. cia. 5 % Bovrevovea, al, 7 del Bovdevovea. 


23 


24 


KATA NIKOMAXOY. 177 


avaypady Kal tav iepav Sapa NapBavorTes eis 205 
admavta Tov xpovov THY Tomy EnuLodct. 


§ 5. He has, then, no public services to plead,—awhile 
you were out fighting he was at home forging laws. No 
advantages of descent,—his ancestry can give him no 
title except to the slave market. Nor will he be more 
grateful for acquittal than he has been for emancipation. 
He presume to make laws! Why, he disgraces even the 
position of an under clerk. He has no part or lot in the 
city, nor has he been loyal to it. 


26 Aw ti 8 av tis atrondicaito tovtov ; 

Ld a 
moTepovy ws avdpos ayabod mpos Tovs ToNEpmious 
Kal TrodXais payats Kal vavpayiais Tapayeyevn- 
pévov ; GAXa Ste tpeis exivduvevete ex7déovTes, 210 
e > fol Lé AY Sy , , = 
ovTOS avTov pévwv Tovs LoXwVos vo"ous EAv- 

f b] > C4 / f 7 
paivero. add ott yonuata SedardvnKe Kai 
Torras elchopas eicevnvoxev ; GAN ovy bras 
CA a @e Aa > Ls b A X a 
Upiv TOY auTov TL érédmKev, GAA Kal TaY 

27 bpetépwv Tokdka idypntat. ardrdkga Sia Tors 21 
mMpoyovous ; on yap Tives Kal Sia TovTO ovy- 
yveuns ETvyov Tap wav. adda TOvTw YE 

, \ \ res , ) \ \ 
mpoonxes dia pev avTov teOvavat, dia S€ Tods 
Tpoyovous TemTpacOat. GAN ws, dav viv avTod 

v4 2 > $ , \ s a 5° 99 
getoncbe, aidis arodwcet tas ydpitas ; bs odd 220 
= Ud > e “ > ” La 
@v mWpotepoy petédXaBe Tap ctyav ayabav pépu- 
vntat, Kaito avti péev SovrAov Toritns yeyevn- 
Tat, avti 5€ TTwYOD TAOVGLOS, avTl S€ iToypap- 

28 paréws vouobérns. & Kai tyav Eyor av Tis 

| - 4 x 
KaTnyophcat, OTL of pev Mpoyovoe vopobéras 225 
npotvto LorXwva Kal Ocwioctoxdéa cai Iepixdéa, 

N 


wr 


178 AYSIOY XV [30] 


HryovpevoL TolovTovs écecOat Tovs vopuous oiol 
mep av wow ot TiWévres, tpets b€ Trcapevov 
tov Mnyaviwvos Kat Nixdpayov kat érépous 

230 avOpwrovs troypayparéas: Kal Tas pev apyas 
td TaV ToLovTwY Hyeiabe StapOeiperOat, avTois 
S& todos muctevere. 5 88 TavT@v SewvdTatov* 29 
broypaypatedoar pev ov eFeote Sis Tov avdTov 
Th apxn TH avTH, Tepl Sé Tov peyictay Tos 

235 abtols édte Todd xpovoy Kupiovs eivat. Kal 
TO Terevtaiov Nixdpayov eihecOe avaypadew Ta 
TATpla, © KATA TATEépa THS TONEWS OV TrPOTHKEL* 
kal ov eee trép Tod Sywou KpivecOat, ovTos Tov 30 
Ojpov cuvyxatadvcas daivetat. vov Tolvuy tpiv 

240 meTapeAncaTe Tay TeTpaypévav, Kal pun 7rd 
TOUTwY del KAKoS TaTXOVTES avéxerOe, pnd€e idia 
pev dverdifere Tols adixovaow, émedav 8 é&F 
diknv Tap avTav AawBavew, atronpiferbe. 


§ 6. As to his supporters, they stand in need of a 
defence for themselves. At any rate you should be as 
eager to punish your foes as they to defend their friend. 
None of them have done as much good to the State as he 
has done harm. Having a bad case, they will bribe ; do 
not let that succeed. 

Kal wept pév tovtwy ikavd pou Ta eipnuéva* 31 
\ \ a > / / \ € a 
245 wept S€ tay éEartncopévwv Bpayéa Tpos twas 
eimeiy BovAouat.  TapecKevacpévoe Tivés elot 
kal Tov pirwv Kal TOY TA THs TOMEWS TpPATTOV- 
tov deicOat UTép avTOD* @Y ey@ rHyoUpas éviots 
Tpoonkely UTEP TMV éEaUTOIS TETpayLéVv@Y aTrONO- 
250 yetcOae 7roAD paArov %) TOvs adiKovYTas cwlew 





KATA NIKOMAXOY. 179 


32 MpoatpeicOat. Secvov S€ por Soxet evar, 
avdpes Sixactai, ei TovTov peév évos dvTos Kal 
PENS! e X fol / > / > > f ere 
ovdev U7r0 THS TOAEwS NOiKNMEVOU OUK ETEYE(PNTAY 
ScicOar ws ypn twavcacbar eis twas éEapap- 
tTavovta, wpas && tTogovtTous évtas Kal ndiKn- 255 
pévous wo Tovtrou Entncovow Teibev® ws ov 
33 xp Sixny wap’ avtod AawBaverv. ypH Tolvur, 
e rad 
@oTrep Gy TovTouvs opate tpoOtpws cwfovtas 
Tovs idous, ovTws Kal tuas Tors éxOpors 
- , oo 
Tipwpeicbar, ed eidotas O7t TovToIs TpwTo.s 260 
/ - 
avdpes dpeivous Sokete clvar, émav Tapa Tav 
, A” 
adéixovvteav Sixnv AaywBavynte. EvOvpeicBe 6 
r / ~ 
ott ovTe Nixopayos ove THY aitnropévr ovdels 
TocavtTa aya0a TeToinke THY TOW, boa OUTOS 
297 4 \ - Cat) / 
— ndienkev, @oTEe TOAU paArov piv TpoorKe 26 
34 Tipwpeic Bar 4 TovTos Bonbeiv. ed 8 eidévas 
\ \ 3 \ 4 cf \ / 
NPN TOUS aUTOVS TOUTOUS, OTL TOA SenGEvTES 
cal / ° . 
TOV KaTNYyOpwy Huds pev ovdauas Ereicay, THY 
\ e , fol , > / 
dé vyetéepay Widov Kataretipdcovtes eicedXnrv- 
Oacw eis To Stxactipiov, Kai édmifovow vpas 270 
AS , 
éEarratncavtes Gdevav eis TOV RovTOY xYpovoY 
col - ag a 
35 AnrecOat Tod troveivy 06 Te Gv BovNwvTa. Hyets 
bev Tolvuy ovK 7OerAncapev ETO TovTaV dakLov- 
A“ \ re 
pevot TeLcOnvat, TO S€ avTO TOUTO TapaKanotdpev 
” \ \ a . > 
Dpas, Kai wn Tpo THS KpicEews pucoTrovnpeiv, GAN 
€v T) Kpicer TiwpetcOar Tos THv tpueTépav 
, > / o A > , 
vouobeciav adavifovtas: otTm yap ێvvoyas 
SvorxnOnocetar Ta KATA THY ToNLTElay ATavTa. 


or 


bo 
wt 
qr 


® welOew Scheibe, sed uncis inclusum. Al. alrjoovcs. 





180 AYSIOY XVI [32] 


ORATION XVI. [32] 


FoR THE PROSECUTION. AGAINST DIOGEITON FOR 
MALADMINISTRATION OF THE PROPERTY OF HIS 
WARDS, 


§ 1. Lhe only excuse for bringing family differences 
into Court is the gravity of the issues involved. The 
claimants are my two brothers-in-law. When first asked 
to undertake their cause, I was for an arbitration ; but 
the defendant was so obstinate and litigious that we were 
forced to bring the action. 

S; 5 - 
Ei peév pr) peydra Fv, @ avdpes Sixactal, Ta 
Suaghépovta, ovK av Tote eis twas eloeNOeiv Tov- 
G2 \ 
Tous elaca, vouifwov aicxyiotov eivat pos Tovs 
3 / fe 3 , e/ 3 h € 
oixelous SiadéperOat, eidHs TE OTL ov povor ot 
5 adtkodvtes Yelpous viv eivat SoKovowv, adda Kal 
lal / 
oitives dv éXaTTov UT THY TpoonKOVTwY éyoVTES 
> fé \ 4 > \ / 5 ed 
avéyerOar pun SvvovTat érred7 pévToL, @ avdpeEs 
Sucactal, TOAA@Y YpnuaTwVv arectépynvTar Kal 
/ 
To\ra Kal Sewa teTrovOdTes th ov HKicTa 
? A Sn 31 SL N \ BY %, ae, 
10 éyphy, em ewe endectnv dvta Katépvyov, avadyKn 
pooe yeyévntas eitreiv trép avTav. exw &é Tov- 
Tov wev adergyv, Avoyeltovos 5€ Ovyatpidjv, Kal 
N \ ? / \ \ lal ” 
Tora Senbels aupoTépwv TO meV, TP@Tov ETreca 
avtovs Tos pirots emiTpepar Siattav, Tept ToANOD 
15 rrovovpevos TH TOUTWY TpadypwaTta pndéva TaV 
e a 
addnwv eidévats éemet dé 0 Atoyeitov & davepas 
” > 4 \ ve > \ A ( a 
éywv éEnréyxeTo, Tepl TovTwy ovdevl THY avTOD 





“KATA AIOTEITONOS. 181 


, ’ / 
ditwv éTodpa teiBecOar, adr €BovrnOn Kal 
devyev Sixas kal pn ovoas Sioxewv Kal bTropetvat 

\ > 4, 80 r x \ PyA 90 
Tous é€aydtous Kwdvvous padrov 7) Ta Sikata 

a \ 
Tounoas amndddybar THY Tpdos TovTOUS éyKAN- 
eee chivn Se 2\ \ > 8 / ? 

3 aTov, vuav Séouar, éav pev arrodelEw otTas 
aicypas avTovs émiteTpoTreupévovs UTO TOU 
TaTTOU MS ovdels TeTOTE LTO THY OvdéY TPOC- 

, 3 lal , a > a \ / 
nKkovtwy éy TH TOdEL, BonOeivy avtois Ta Sixata, 25 
ef O€ un, TOUT@ pev ATavTa TiaoTEvev, Huds Oé 

A / ca 
eis TOV NoLTTOY yxpovoy rryEeicPat yelpous Elva. EF 
apyns & was mepi avtav diddEar weipdcopat. 


§ 2. There were two brothers, Diodotus and Diogeiton. 
Diodotus married his brother’s daughter. After having 
by her a daughter and two sons, he died on foreign service. 
Before starting he made his will, leaving all his property 
to his brother, in trust for his wife and children, and ap- 
pointed him their guardian. The property, of which he 
left a schedule, was as follows :—65 talents in money de- 
posited with Diogeiton, 7 talents 40 mine lent on bottomry, 
20 mine lent on mortgage in the Chersonese,—in all, 13 
talents ; besides household stuff. [He left also in his 
wifes hands for her immediate expenses 20 mine and 30 
Kyzkene staters.| By his will 1 talent was to be paid 
to his wife (who was to have the household stuff) as dowry 
on remarriage, and I talent to his daughter as dowry. 


4 “Aderdol joav, & avdpes Sixactai, Arodortos 
kat Avoyeitwv opotratpiot Kal opmoprrpior, Kal 30 
THY pev adavi ovciay evelyavto, Tis b& pavepas 
éxotv@vouv. épyacapévov 8 Aroddtov Kar 
éuTopliay Toda xYpnwata TeiPer ad’Tov AaBeiv 
Avoyeirwy tHv éavtod Ovyatépa, rep Hv atte 


182 AYSIOY XVI [32] 


35 é : \ , SA 8d LN \ 6 s 
fovn’ Kal ylivoyvtat avTd dvo viol Kal Ouydrnp. 
, oe ef \ A 18 \ 
xpove 6é¢ totepov Katanreyels Avodotos peta 5 
a lal ¢€ A 
Opacvrov Tod érl Tov oTITOY, Kadécas THY 
e a a 5] rn = \ \ > / 
EaUTOD yuvaixa, adedpidfv odcay, Kal TOV éxeivns 
bev tratépa, avtod dé xndectnv Kal dadedpov 
¢€ ral r 
40 owotrdtpiov, Tammov 6& Tav Taidiov Kal Oeiov, 
€ / \ v2 \ > / > \ lal 
NYOU[LEVOS dua TavTas Tas avayKas ovoevt panrXdov 
mpoonkew Sixaiw mept Tos avTod Taidas émt- 
/ J fa) ie > 6l5 \ / 
TpoTe@ yevérOar, SiaOnkny avt@ Sidwot Kai TrévTE 
TdhavTa apyupiov TapakatabyKnv: vavTiKa bé 6 
45 éredevEev Exdedopuéva Erta Tddavta Kal TeTTApa- 
KovTa pas, Svryidias S€ dpetomévas ev Xep- 
YA > / / b bey 2 / 4 
povncw. éméckne O€, av tt TaOn, TddaVTOV 
feev erridodvat TH yuvatkl Kal Ta év TH Sopatio 
an vA x n (p } \ 
Soivat, tddavtov 5& TH Ovyatpi. KatéduTre OE 
50 cal elkooe pvads TH yuvakl Kal TpidKovTa oTa- 
fol / A ) v8 \ v 
thpas Kufixnvovs. tadta bé mpdfas Kat olxou7 
> - NS a / 
avtiypapa KATANMTOV @XETO TTPAaTEVTOMEVOS 
peta Opacdnrov. 


§ 3. Diodotus died at Ephesus. Diogeiton concealed 
his death for a time, and took possession of all documents, 
on the plea that they were wanted to get im the money 
out on bottomry. When the death was known, the widow 
and children went to Petraeus. Presently he gave the 
widow in marriage with 5000 drachme (1000 short), 
and sent the sons to Athens. After erght years, when the 
elder son came of age, he told the boys that their father 
had only left 830 mine and 30 staters, and that these had 
been more than spent. In their distress they came to me, 
After much negotiation Diogeiton consented to a meeting. 
There the widow (his own daughter) reproached him with 





KATA AIOTEITONOZ. 183 


his dishonesty and unkindness, and proved from an 
account book which had accidentally come into her hands 
that he had acknowledged the receipt of the following sums 
on account of his brother :—7 talents 40 mince, money 
lent on bottomry ; 1 talent 40 mine lent on mortgage ; 20 
mine from other sources: in all, 9 talents 40 mine,— 
besides payments in corn from the Chersonese. In spite 
of which he had grossly neglected the children. Her 
speech moved us all to tears. 


/ 

’AmroOavovtos 8é éxelvou ev Edéow Atoyeitov 
tiv pev Ouvyatépa expuTte tov Odvatov Tov 55 
2 , > \ iy i A VA 
avdpos, Kal Ta ypdppata NapBaver a KaTEN«LTTE 
ceonpacpeva, bdcKav Ta vavTiKa xpnuata Selv 

8 éx TovTwv TOV ypaypateiwy KopicacOa. é7ret 

\ a / 2Q/ \ A ? a NV’ 

dé TH ypovm €dnr\wae TOV OdvaTtov avTois Kat 

/ a 
érro(noav Ta vomlopeva, TOV pev TPA@Tov éeviavTov 60 
év Ilecpased Sunta@vto+ admavta yap avTod KaTe- 

Ld Ae yd UA > if Ne] th 
NérXerrrto Ta-ériTHndevas éxelvwv Sé émridevTrOVT@Y 
TovUs pev Taldas els aoTu avaréure, THV Sé 
pntépa avtov éxdidwaw émridods revtakiaxidias 

Uf ¢ aA 
Spaypds, xidats éXatTov Ov oO avip adTH Ewxev. 65 
/ a a 
9 6yd0m 8 érev Soxipmacbévtos peta TadTa Tov 
mpecButépov Tow perpaxiow, Kadécas avTods 
eire Atoyeirwv OTe KaTadimor avTois 0 TaTip 
elxoot vas apyupiov Kal tpidKovTa oTaThpas. 
“éyo ovv ToAAa TaV éwavTod SedatraynKa eis 70 
SS fe / 
THY bweTépay Tpopnv. Kal Ews péev elyov, ovdév 
8 i \ \ SEEN 2 / @, 
pot Svéhepe’ vuvi dé Kal avTos aTropws SidKeipar. 

\ \ 
ov ovv, éreidn Sedoxipacar Kal avnp yeyévneat, 

/ \ / 
oKoTres avtTos On molev Eas Ta émitHdea.” 

Lone a vA 

10 TADT aKovoavTes ExrreTANYpEVOL Kal SaxpvovTes 75 


184 AYZIOY XVI [32] 


v \ \ / \ ra / 
@XOvTO Tpos THY pNTépa, Kal TapadaPorTes 
x an a 
éxeivynv Kov mpos eué, olxtp@s bd Tod maOous 
/ 
Staxelwevor Kat AOrlws extremT@KOTES, KNaloVTES 
Kal Tapakanobvtés pe pt) TepLidety avTOvS aTro- 
/ lal , > > s. 
80 orepnlevTas TOY Tarppwv pnd els TTwWyelav 
© © ae cd n 
KatactTdavtas, UBpicpévous bp ov iKicta éxphy, 
ara BonOjca cal ths aderpis Eveca cal chav 
2 A ON ” ” 1 ; oe / 
avT@v. TON av ein Epyov” Eye, Goov TréVOos 11 
a a an ls 
év TH €un olkia hv év éxeiv TH Ypov@. TedEV- 
85 Tdca O€ ) untnp aditav HvTiBore pe Kal ixéreve 
cuvayayeiy avThns Tov matépa Kal Tovs didrous, 
a / \ 
elrodoa OTL, ef Kal mpoTepov pi) elOcoTaL NéyeuY 
év avopdot, TO péyeOos aitTny dvayKkdcer TOV 
cuppopav mept TOV aheTépwv KaKkav Snracat 
90 ravta mpos Huds. Mav & eye ayavaxtour 12 
\ 
pev tpos “Hynpova tov éyovta tiv TovTou Buya- 
tA / 5 ti NE - \ 45 ” > 
Tépa, Adyous & errovovuny mpos Tos aAXovS éfre- 
/ > 14 \ aA > bs 2/7 \ 
tnoeious, HElovv O€ TodTOV eis EXeyyov Lévat Trept 
Tov Tpaynatav. Avoyeitwy dé TO wey TPaTOV 
95 od HOere, TENeUT@V S€ UT TOY pirov nvayKda On. 
> \ \ 16 ” > \ ¢€ / / 
évreto1) 5& cuvyiOopev, HpeTo avTov » yun, Tiva 
mote vuxynv éxov afiot mepl tov Taidwv Tol- 
, / n rae) \ \ EN a 
avTn youn yxphobar, “abdedpos péev dv Tod 
a ’ , a ca 
TaTpos avtav, TaTHp & eos, Oeios Sé avtois Kal 
: / \ > 4 ? Gs J VA 
100 wamos. Kal ef pndéva avOparav noxvvor, 
Tovs Oeods éyphy ce” pyal “ dSediévar: Os EXaBes 
I eee J > n > / / / > 
pév, OT éxeivos é&érAEL, TévTE TaXavTa Tap 
na \ 
avTov tapaxatabijkny. Kal mepl TovTwY &yo 


- 


3 


1 MSS. et vulg. woAda dy ely Néyew. Cobetus rodd dv Epyov 
ely. Schetibe secutus sum. 





14 


15 


KATA AIOTEITONO2. 185 


l, \ a 3 \ Ud 
Gé\@ Tos waidas Tapactncapévn Kal ToUTOUS 
/ ee 
Kal Tovs VatEepov euavTH yevomévous opmocat OTrov 
\ 
dy avtos A€yyns. Kaito. ody ovTaS eyo elt 
GOX{a, ovS obTw Tepl TOANOD TroLoduaL YpypaTa, 
@oT émupKyicaca KaTa Tov Taldwv TOV E“auTHS 
an N 
tov Biov Kkatadutreiv, adixws 5é adperéoOar tTHv 
n > 
Tod TaTpos ovalav:” é&ts Toivuy éEnreyxyev avdTov 
ETTa TaNAVTAa KEeKOMIcpevoy VaUTLKa Kal TETPA- 
Kioxidias Spaxyuds, Kal TovTwy Ta ypdupata 
bd / > AY a / a 8, a 
amédeEev* év yap TH Suoixicer, Or €x Koddvutov 
, 4 \ A pad \ a 
Sipxifero eis THY Daidpov oikiav, Tos maidas 
a a 
émituxovtas éxBeBAnpévm TH BiBriw Eveyxely 
\ an 
mpos avtTyy. amépnve 8 avdtov éxatov pvas 
/ 
Kexoulopévov eyyelous” él ToKm Sedaveropévas, 
Kal érépas Sicyidlas Spaxypas Kal Erimda Toddod 
” a a \ a iy) a ? Ws ee 
a&va gpoutav b€ Kal citov avtois éx Xeppovnoov 
Pp > , co NOHO 33 
Kal &xactov éviavTov. érerta ov €TOAUNoAS 
épn “eimeiv, éxav TocadTa ypjpata, ws Suayidias 
e 
Spaxpyas 0 ToUT@Y TaTIp KaTEMLTE Kal TPLaKOVTA 
oTaThpas, arep ewol KatarerpOévta exelvou TEdEv- 


/ > , ” x ed lal if 
16 THTAVTOS éy@ cor ebwka ; Kal éxBadety TovTOUS 


17 


néiwxas Ouyatpidods dvtas ék THs oiKias THs 
aitév év tpiBoviou, dvuTodirous, ob peta 
aKoNoVOov, ov META TTPHMATOV, Od META L“aTio”, 
od peta TOV éerritA@V & O TaTHpP avTots KaTE- 
AeTrev, OVSE META TOV TrapaxaTabyKwv as éxeivos 
mapa col katéBeTo. Kal viv Tovs pev ex TIS 
pntpulds Ths ews tadevers ev Tos YpHpacwy 
evdaimovas évTas* Kal TadTa pev Kas TrLEts* 


2 MSS. éyyious, quae forma antiquior et correctior esse dicitur. 


105 


110 


115 


120 


125 


130 


186 AYSIOY XVI [32] 


\ > > x > al A > / 3 A DF: 
tovs 8 éuovs abiKeis, ods aTimws ex THS oiKkias 
> A > \ / \ > a 
éxBarov avtl mrovoiwy mrwyovs arrodetEas 
135 mpoOuyy. Kal émt tovovtois épyois ovTe Tovs 
\ a EA > bas. AN \ / \ 
Oeots o87, ovTe ewe tiv onv Ouvyatépa THY 
cuvedviav aicyvvy, ote TOD adeAhod péuvnoat, 
GANa TavTas Huds wept EXaTTOVOS TrOLh yYpNn_d- 
” Yi, x 9 Le ass / A 
TOV. TOTE Ley OV, ® AVvdpes SiKacTal, TOMY 
a x n 
140 kat Sewdv brd THs yuvarkds pnOévtav ovTw 
i. / a 
SuetéOnuev mavtes of mapovtes bTd THY TOUT@ 
, an / an a 
mempaypévav Kal TAY NOyoV TAY éxelvns, OPOVTES 
\ a / 
bev Tovs Traidas, ola Roav TetrovOoTes, avaptpyn- 
/ a / a 
cKopevor S€ Tod atroPavovTos, @s avakioy Tis 
x 
145 ovcias tov éritporov Katédurrev, évOvpovpevor 
dé @s yarerrov é£evpety btw Ypn Tepl THY EavTOD 
mTLoTeDTal TVA, WATE, @ Avdpes Sixacrai, pndéva 
al fg 
Trav Tapovtav divacbar pbéyEacPar, adra Kat 
UY a , / 
Saxpvovtas undev ATTov Tay TeTOVOOTwY aTLOVTAS 
150 otyvec@at crm. 
a Uf 
Ilp&rov pev ody Ttovtav avdBnré wor waptupes. 


EVIDENCE AS TO THE WIpoW’s STATEMENTS IN 
THE INTERVIEW WITH DIOGEITON. 


§ 4. Such crimes are a fruitful source of mutual mis- 
trust and suspicion. His accounts show the most bare- 
faced extortion. Without giving any wtems, except a 
charge of 5 obols a day for food, he professes to have spent 
on the orphans, in eight years, 8 talents 10 mine. [So 
that, deducting the two dowries from the 9 talents 40 
mine, he would be 30 mine out of pocket.| As specimens 
of his way of doing business, he paid 26 mine for his 





19 


KATA AIOTEITONOS. 187 


brother's tomb ; he entered it as 50, charging 25 to the 
orphans and 25 to himself. Again, he entered against 
them 8 drachme for a lamb at the Dionysia, which he 
professed was only half its cost; and without giving 
items he charges them with 4 mine for similar expenses 
at other festivals. 
"AE Toivuv, & avdpes Stxactal, TS AoyLTLO 
Tpocéyew Tov vovv, iva Tors pév veavioxous bia 
\ / A - on col > 
TO peyeBos Tav cupdopav éXenonTe, ToUToOv § 
aract Tots TwoNitas aEvov dpyns trynoncbe. eis 155 
tocauTny yap uroviay Atoyeitwv Tavras avOpe- 
Tous eis GAAHAOUS KabictnCLW, Bote pnte CavTas 
pnre atroOvncKovtas pndev padXov Tos oiKeto- 


/ a “ > / é a + eons 
20TaToLWS 7 TOis exPiaToIs TLcTEvVELY* bs eTOAMNCE 


2I 


Ta pev EEapvos yevécOa, ta 88 TeXeUTH@Y oporo- 160 
ynoas éxew, eis S00 traidas Kal aderdiy Ajppa 
\ > “4 > bd \ ¥ e \ 4 
Kat avad@pa ev OKT@ ETECLY eETTa TdadaVYTA 
apyupiou Kat értakicxirias Spaypas azrodei~at. 
kai eis TotTo HAOev avalcxyurTias, wate OvK 
éxwv Gro tpéwere TA yprpata, eis OYrov pév 165 
Svoiy traidiow Kal aderdy révte d8orods Tis 
e v4 f > e Vs \ \ ad 
nuépas éroyifeto, eis wtrrodnwata dé Kal eis 
yvadetov Kai eis Koupeiov ovK HY alT® KaTa 
fol >Or pe: \ LA / 
Kiva ovdé Kat éviavTov yeypappéva, cvrAAnBSyv 
dé \ - , - a lZ > ~ 
TaVTOS TOU ypovov TrElov 7H TadavTOV apyu- 170 
/ , X \ fo a \ > > , 
plov. eis S€ TO pyjya Tod TaTpods ovK dvadwcas 
TévTe Kal eikoct was ex TevTaKicytrAlwv dpaypov, 
TO pey Huicv avT@ Tino, To 8 TovTos NEXdO- 
yeorar. eis Avovicta toivur, & avdpes Sixactal, 
(odx dromov ydp por Soxet nal rept tovrov 175 
~ e ‘ ~~ 
pvncOjva) éxxaidiexa Spayyav arépawev éwvn- 


188 - AYZIOY XVI [382] 


fA 3 \ X: 
pévov apviov, Kal TovTay Tas OKT@ Spaxpas 
édoylfero toils maciv: ef @ Hmeis ovX HKLoTA 

a, Pp Kh x 1 : 
> V4 C 4 > a 
apylaOnwev. otTws, ® avdpes, Ev Tals peyadats 
, Ns. > e \ x a \ 
180 Snpiais eviote ovy aTTOV Ta piKpa AUTEL TOUS 
, 
adixoupévous’ Nav yap pavepay thy Tovnpiay 
Tov adikovvTav emideixvuciv. eis Tolvuy TAS 
ddras éoptas kab Ovoias édXoyicato abrois mhéov 
i) TeTpaxicxirias Spaxyas avnwpévas, erepa TE 
185 waumAnOh, & mpos TO Kepddalov cuvendoyifeTo, 
@otep Sia TovTo émltpotos THY Taidiov KaTa- 
AecbOels, Wa ypappata avTois avTl xpnuaTwv 
amrosei~eve Kal TevertaTous avTl TAOVTiwY aTro- 
a \ 
diveve, kal iva, ef pév Tus avTois TaTpiKOs éXOpos 
C) >? / \ b] f aA ] of % a 
190 nv, ExELvoU peV éemtAabwvrat, TO }, eel TOV 
TaTpowv cloly ATETTEPNLEVOL, TOELMCL. 


§ 5. Even by his own account he maintained the 
children on the capital, careless as to their being paupers 
when they grew up. Whereas he might either have 
farmed out the estate, or invested it in land, to maintain 
them on the income thus obtained. The fact is, he did 
not care for their interests, but just embezzled the money. 


Kairoe ef éBovreTo Sixavos eivat rept Tovs 
maidas, €Ejv avT@, KaTa Tos Vopous oO KEivTaL 
Tepl TaY dppavav Kal Tots advvaTous THY érL- 

195 tpdwv Kat Tots Suvapévors, wtcO@cat Tov olKov 
amn\Xaypévos TOAKBY TpaypLaTov, h yhv Tpia- 
pevos €k TOV TpocLovT@Y Tors Taidas Tpépelv* 
Kal oToTepoy ToUTwY érrolncev, odevds av ATTOV 
"A@nvalwvy Trovctoe Foav. viv dé pou Soxet 








24 


25 


KATA AIOTEITONOS. 189 


b) , a e \ Z 
ovderratote SiavonOnvar ws pavepav KaTacTHcwV 
\ > / > is e > x iA Ng / 
THY ovciav, GAN ws avTos EEwy Ta TOUTMY, 
a A / 
Hryovpevos Selvy THY avTod Tovnpiav KNnpovomov 
elvat TOV TOD TEOVEATOS YpNUdTwD. 


§ 6. Here are two more instances of dishonesty in his 
accounts :—(1) He was serving a trierarchy with Alexis, 
—his share being, he says, 48 mine. Of this he charged 
24 mine to the orphan’s estate, 24 to himself [though the 
law especially exempts them even for a year after their 
Soxiuacia], But we found on inquiry that his whole 
contribution had been only 24 mine! (2) He sent a 
vessel with a cargo to the Adriatic, telling the widow that 
it was at the risk of the children’s estate. But when the 
vessel returned safe, he claimed the whole as his own. 


\ / - 
“O 8 mavtwv Seworatov, ® Sikactal: odToS 
n D; , > 
yap cuvtpinpapyav ~AréEde Oe “Apiorodixon, 
an / an 
dacKwov dvoivy Seovcas mevTnKovTa pas éxeive 
/ Nive: / > A 3 /3 a 
coupBarécbat, TO Huicv TovTwY avTots” ophavois 
i 2 f a e t > , A 
ovat AENOYLOTAL, OVS 7 TOALS OU povoy Traidas 
dvtas aTedels erroincev, GANA Kal érretday SoKi- 
pacbacw éviavtiv adjKev aTacev TOV NELTOUP- 
rn A \ / 
yiov. ovtos b& mammos OY Tapa ToOvs Vom“oUS 
Ths éavtod Tpinpapxylas Tapa Tov avTod Buya- 
fal \ 
Tpidav TO Hurcv mpatretar. Kal arroméurbas 
¢ a 
eis Tov “Adpiay orxdba Svoiv TaddyTow, OTe pev 


200 


205 


amréaTednrev, EXeye TpOs THY pnTépa avTa@v Gre 215 


a e 
Tov maldwv o Kivduvos etn, érret S€ éow@On Kat 
3 / e lo) \ > / ” & 
eSirdaciacev, avToD THY euTropiav Epackey eivat. 
\ 4 
Kalroe eb pev Tas Enulas Tovtay arrodeiEa, Ta 


3 abrots Scheibe. Al. rots. 


190 AYSIOY XVI [32] 


\ , a / Sp ¢ e \ 
dé cwbévta THY ypnudtav adros Fe, Oro pev 
es BN / bd A > \ 4 

220 avnrwtar TA YpHuaTa, ov YadeTTas Eis TOV NOYOV 

bd , e / + > la >? if > \ 
eyypawrer, padiws 5& é« TaV adXoTpiav avTos 
TrouTncet. Kal Exactov pev ovv, ® SiKacTal, 26 

X. A sy ” \ Coates / > \ 

mov av ein Epyov mpos twas royiter Oar: érrevd? 

dé pods tap’ advtod tapéXaBov Ta ypaupara, 
225 wdptupas éywv npdtwv Apicrodixov Tov aderpov 

\ ’ / > \ \ ’ - , 

tov ‘AnréEidos (autos yap érvyyave TeTENEUTHNKAS) 
f a A 
ei 6 NOs adTS elm THs Tpinpapylas: o dé épac- 
S \ f x” oe / 
Kev eivat, Kal éXGovtes olxade eUpopev Atoyelrova 
TéTTapas Kal elkoot pas éxelvm cupBeBAnpévov 
230 eis tiv tpinpapyiav. ovtos Oé émédecEe Svoiv 27 
Seovcas TevTnKovTa pvas avnrwKéval, ote TOv- 
/ (4 ts. Dy Se ora Leeman | 
Tos NeAoyicOat ocov Tep OAOY TO avddopa av’TO 
yeyevntat. Kalrot Ti avdtov olecOe TreToinKévat 
‘ ©. +. a > \ vd > > b) \ , 
TEPL WY AVT@ ovdEls TUVOLOEV GAN avTOS povOS 
9 5 5 / A a 8 > HELL b] is 6 \ > 
235 dueyelpifev, 05 & Se érépwv empadyOn Kal ov 
xareTov nv Tepl TovTwv Tvbécbar, érodunoe 
revodpevos TétTapat Kal elkoot pvais Tors avTod 
Ouyatpioobds Snutmoar; Kat por avadBnte tovtwav 
pedptupes. 


EVIDENCE AS TO DIOGEITON’s CHARGES IN HIS 
TRIERARCHY. 


§ 7. But take his own account. He acknowledges the 
receipt of 7 talents 40 mine [ie. 9 talents 40 mine, less 
the two dowries]. I will say nothing of interest accruing. 
Now, two boys and their paedagogos, a girl and her 
maid, would, reckoning with unusual liberality, cost 
1000 drachme a year to maintain, which in eight years 





KATA AIOTEITONOZ. 191 


would amount to 1 talent 20 mine. The balance in their 
favour, therefore, should be 6 talents 20 mine, Where is 
it? There is no pretence of robbery, loss, or a payment 
of creditors. 

23 Tov pev paptipev axnxoate, ® Sixacrai: 240 
éy> 8 80a TedevTaY wpodoynoev avTos exew 
xpiwata, érta TddavTa Kai TeTTApdKovTa pas, 
ék TovT@Y avT@V AoyLoDMaL, Mpdcodov pev ovde- 
plav arodaivev, ard 8& tév brapxovTwY dva- 
Alcxav, Kat Ojnow Ooov ovdels Tamote ev TH 245 
monet, eis S00 Tratdas Kal dderAdny Kat Tradaywyov 
Kar Oeparraway xinlas Spaxpas éxdarou éviavTod, 
puxp@ @dratrov %) Tpeis Spaxpas Tis nwépas év 

29 OKT avTat erect yivovTat dxTaKLox Lal Spaxpal, 

Kal arrobvelxvuvtar && TaddavTa TEepLovTa TOY émTa 250 
TaddvTwv Kal elkoot pval. ov yap av Sdvacto 
amobetEat otf tro THY AnTTaY dTrONWAEKwS 
ote Cnuiay eiknpas ovTE XpHNoTals aTrobEbwKS. 


The references in the Notes are by Oration and Line as 
numbered in this edition, unless it is especially stated to be 
otherwise. 

Hermann refers to C. F. Hermann’s ‘ Manual of the Political 
Antiquities of Greece.’ English translation. 1836. ~ 

Cobet to ‘ Vari Lectiones’ of C. G. Cobet. 1873. 

Boeckh. refers to ‘ Public Economy of Athens,’ translated by 
G. C. Lewis. 1842. 

The grammatical references are as follow :— 

Goodwin, with section (§), refers to Professor Goodwin’s 
‘Elementary Greek Grammar.’ Macmillan and Co. 1870. 

Goodwin, M. and T., to the same writer’s Greek ‘ Moods and 
Tenses.’ 1872. 

Madvig to Browne’s translation of Madvig’s ‘Syntax of the 
Greek Language.’ 2d Ed. 1873. 

Clyde to Dr. J. Clyde’s ‘Greek Syntax,’ 1870. 

Donaldson to J. W. Donaldson’s ‘Complete Greek Grammar.’ 
1862.24 -: 

Veitch to W. Veitch’s ‘Greek Verbs.’ 1871. 

Rutherford to ‘The New Phrynichus.’ 1881. 

For Philological information reference is made to Curtius’ 
‘Principles of Greek Etymology,’ Wilkins and England's 
Translation, 1875 ; the references being by the numbers in the 
margin. 


NOTES. 


ORATION I. [5.]J 


[What particular act of impiety Kallias had been charged with 
we do not know. Nor, as far as the understanding of this speech 
goes, does it matter. It is spoken as a supplement to his regular 
defence, and dwells entirely on two points generally applicable to 
many defences : (1) the presumption in favour of his innocence to 
be drawn from his well-known public character ; (2) the untrust- 
worthy nature of the evidence against him, 7.e. that of his own 
slaves. 

The accused appears to have been a rich resident-alien (yérotxos), 
—one of a class subject to much annoyance at Athens from litigious 
neighbours ; who among other disadvantages were liable for certain 
offences to forfeit their status (7d cSua) and become slaves. Pro- 
fessor Jebb conjectures, from the allusion in line 28 (7@ Syyocly 
Bonfotvres), that the particular sacrilege alleged was connected 
with the sacred Treasury on the Acropolis, Attic Orators, vol. i. 


pp. 287 sq.] 


1. rot odparos i.e. ‘freedom.’ od&ua is used of persons, 
especially in regard to their being free or not (é\eV0epa cépara, 
aixuddwra oduara), and so, like the Latin caput, it is here used 
for a man’s status as a free man ; though it does not include, as 
caput does, the rights of a full citizenship, which the metics 
did not possess. Cf. Or. xii., § 12, ed elds SvTa SooAov deer 
éyyuntas katacrhoas Tept Toh odparos dywvicacbat. 


wept ‘about,’ denoting the object to be obtained or defended, 
asin duivecOar wepi warpys (Il. xii. 243). 


8. kal ta cipynpéva ‘even the speeches already delivered,’ 
i.e. by the counsel for Kallias. wapa raév &Adov for rapa 
denoting the agent with a passive verb, see Clyde, § 83, obs. 12. 
Donaldson, § 481 d,. 

viv 8 ‘but in the circumstances,’—referring to the reasons 
he is about to allege. 


ie) 


194 NOTES. 


4. KeXevovros Kal Seonévov ‘on his demand and urgent re- 
quest.’ Elsewhere the climax is déopat dvTiBorG Kal lxeredw. 


6. cvpBoralwv ‘business transactions.’ In Orat. v. 98, 
ouuBorata means ‘debts,’ and in ix. 13, Aaxav mavrds rod 
cup Boralov = having obtained leave to bring in a suit for the 
recovery of the entire debt: but cuufodata stands generally 
for any bargain or business engagement between two or more 
persons. 


7. BonPfica. Kaddlq ra Sikata ‘to assist Kallias as far as 
justice will warrant me.’ 7.¢. so far as, and. no further than, 
he is in the right. Cf. Orat. xv. 1.25. ‘ Verbs which in them- 
selves cannot govern an object accusative may take the neuter 
accusative of a pronoun or numeral adjective... and also 
another description of adjective which serves to characterise the 
measure and extent of an action.’ Madyv. § 27a. 


8. Sirws Gv Sivmpar ‘as well as ever I can.’ ‘The subjunc- 
tive stands with relative words which take dy.’—Madv. 125. 
brws is the relative adverb answering to was, ‘how?’ as drotos 
to motos, Orogos to méaos, ete. 


évopifov pév oby ‘well, then, I wsed to think.’ The jév is 
answered by viv dé in line 10, and is best represented in English 
by emphasising the word wsed, to contrast his former with his 
present opinion. Cf. iii. 1. 11. The odv denotes the begin- 
ning of his argument as following on the remarks in the intro- 
ductory sentences. 


9. ottw perouxetv ‘that his conduct as a resident in this city 
was of such a nature,’ 7.e. so innocent and law-abiding. The 
metics or resident aliens formed in Athens a large and industri- 
ous class [calculated as 10,000 male adults in B.c. 809. Athen. 
vi. 272¢.] They paid a tax (merofxiov) for the privilege of 
residing in the town, and were subject to public burdens and 
military service, though they were not admitted to serve as 
hoplites. Cf. Orat. v. 1. 140, and Xen. de Vect. 2, 2. They 
were under disabilities also ; they were unable to inherit landed 
property, and were obliged to have a regular patron (xpoordrns) 
to appear for them on all public occasions, and were liable for 
any offence against the various enactments concerning them to 
be sold as slaves. Hence it is that our orator says of Kallias 
that on his contest depends his freedom, wept rod cwmaros 
dywrlte, See Boeckh, pp. 330-2. 


11. ém rotatrats atrlats ‘on such charges as this.’ ért with 
dative states the conditions on or in which. 





dL; 195 


12. viv & answering to évéucfov uév § whereas in reality.’ 


17. rotrwv i.e. those who have already spoken or testified 2 
for Kallias. 


19. t&taérns here ‘a private person’ as opposed to an official, 
dépxwy. Sometimes an ‘unprofessional’ person as opposed to 
a follower of any profession or. trade, Syuuovpyds. Plat. Protag., 
327 c. 


21. otSeplay 8 ocxov alrlay ‘without having incurred any 
blame at all.’ Cf 11, 8 é&xe airla rwa or xe Tis alriay are 
equivalent phrases. 


23. twodAGv kax@v temeapapévor ‘having gone through the 
experience of many miseries,’ 2.¢. of slavery. Thucyd. 5, 69, 1. 
mw. Sovdelas (L. & Sc.) The argument implied is that men who 
had gone through all the miseries of slavery would have no 
scruples in making a bid for their liberty by a falsehood, know- 
ing by experience that they could suffer nothing worse. 


28. éav .. &atrarfowor ‘if they shall have succeeded in 
deceiving you.’ trovrat amndAaypévor ‘ they will have escaped.’ 

§ The fut. perfect marks an event as future in relation to the 
moment of speaking, but past in relation to some other event also 
Suture.’ Clyde, § 35, obs. 1. Goodwin, § 29, note 3. 

‘In the conditional sentence the subjunctive aorist answers 
exactly to the perfect subj. in Latin.” Donald. § 427 b. See, 
however, the distinctions drawn by Goodwin, M. and T. § 20, 
notes 1 and 2. 


_ 28-9. rév twapévTav . . dandAaypévor zc. ‘they will gain 

their freedom.’ A slave when freed in Athens took the position 
of metic, and was subject to the same rules as to choosing a 
mpoordrns, paying the perolxiov, etc. It appears that slaves 
who by their information convicted their masters of an offence 
against the state might be rewarded by thus obtaining freedom. 


30-1. merovs ‘trustworthy.’ ofriwes ‘when they are the 
sort of men who.’ This variety of meaning which the Greek 
language can express by the change of relative, otrwes for ol, the 
Latins were forced to express by putting the verb in the sub- 
junctive. 


$eot ‘such only who.’ 


Tovotvrat Tovs Adyous ‘make the allegations which they do 
make.’ Cf. Or. iii. 1. 6. 


33. Te Sypoolp PonPodvres ‘while assisting the treasury. 


196 NOTES. 


Thus. Professor Jebb translates 7@ Syuocly, a sense in which 
Demosthenes [Mid. § 182] uses it ddelAew 7G Snuocly. Andoc. 
1243 

” However, 7d Kowdv is the usual word for the treasury, and 
7d Onudccov is also used for ‘ the state.’ 


35. tovtwy z.¢, Kallias and his friends and supporters, as in 
line 14. 


87. od yap .. GAdows Gracw ‘For Kallias and his friends 
are not the only men who own slaves. Every one else does 
also.’ 


Oepdzrovres not originally used properly of slaves. See Orat. 
ii. 1. 105. But slavery had become so universal in Greece, and 
so common was it for even the poorer families in Athens-to have 
at least one slave for domestic purposes, that @epdrwy had 
become synonymous with dodAos. Thucyd. iv. 16, 1, applies 
the word to the Spartan Helots, and Nicias uses it as equivalent 
to slave in his letter (Thucyd. vii. 13, 2). The number of slaves 
kept by the Athenians is strongly illustrated by the statement 
of Thucydides, that on the occupation of Deceleia by the 
Spartans (B.c. 413-12) 20,000 slaves had deserted to the enemy, 
mostly handicraftsmen, 7.¢. not domestic slaves, but slaves kept 
for the profit arising from their skill in various trades (Thucyd. 
vii. 27, 5), and this at a time when the numbers of those enjoy- 
ing the full privileges of Athenian citizenship did not probably 
much exceed 20,000; and the whole number of the inhabitants 
of Athens and Attica was probably only about 500,000. 

See Boeckh’s Econ., pp. 255-260. 


39. amroPAérovtes ‘fixing their attention on.’ dro8d. implies 
a turning from others wholly ¢o some one particular object. 
ot, .c. OepdrrovTes. 


ovkére . . pnvicavres ‘will no longer look out to see by 
what good services to their masters they may gain freedom, but 
by laying what lying information against them they may do so.’ 
av belongs to the verb, not to 6 7. After unvicavres supply 
éXeVOepor yévowro from preceding clause. The uyvvral, like the 
delatores under the Roman emperors, had under the unconstitu- 
tional rule of the Thirty risen to a height of infamy unknown 
before. See Orat. vi. § 18 sg., and Grote, viii. 38. 


Il. 197 


ORATION II. [7.] 


is Oration is interesting as a curious illustration of the use 
made of the State religion for the protection of State property. A 
certain number of olive trees—one of the chief products of Attica 
—were the property of the State (dyudcrar), though growing on 
lands of various private owners. These trees (uopfa:) were known, 
and protected by the religious sentiment arising from the belief 
that they were all propagated (ueuopnuévar) from the sacred olive 
on the Acropolis. They were accordingly under the protection of the 
Court of the Areopagus, which had cognisance of cases of sacrilege. 
This Court appointed some of their own members [§ 7] as regular 
inspectors every month (émcueXnral) to see that they were not 
removed or injured, and to collect their fruit; and also commis- 
sioners (yvwpoves) every year to exercise a general supervision 
[see § 25]. Not only were the trees thus protected, but the stumps 
of such as had been destroyed by the enemy, or burnt by them 
or by accident or by lightning, were fenced in and could not be 
removed, or the ground on which they stood be worked [see on L 
163], without the guilt of sacrilege. This stump (and the enclosed 
place on which it stood) was called a onxés.1 It is a charge of 
this latter crime that is answered in this speech. 

The reason of the preservation of such stumps was no doubt the 
chance of their revival. The olive will survive burning in a mar- 
vellous manner: see note on 1. 160; and Pliny, H. N. 7, 241, 
Oliva in totum ambusta revixit. Pliny also attests the great age 
attained by olives, 16, 234. The value, moreover, attached to 
these olives may be better understood by remembering that Attica 
was a poor country, not productive to farmers, and drawing such 
wealth as it had from its olives and vines. One of the greatest 
dangers too to the country was the loss of trees generally, bringing 
with it loss of shade, water, and pasture [see Prof. Jebb, Lectures 
on Modern Greece, pp. 65-7]. In hot and comparatively woodless 
countries trees will always be noted and valued. So Homer refers 
to an evergreen-oak (¢7yyés) outside the Scwan Gates of Troy as a 
well-known mark and place of meeting [Il. v. 693, vi. 237, vii. 22, 
xi. 170]; and many single trees are referred to in the Old Testa- 
ment as well known [see Stanley's Jewish Church, vol. i. pp. 60 
and 270-1]. 

The original olive from which these uopla: were propagated was 
on the Acropolis ; and Pausanias [fl. circ. 4.D. 180] saw there one 
that was said to be the next oldest to it [i. 30, 2]; and mentioning 
elsewhere a certain ancient plane in Arcadia, said to have been 


1 Root sec, cax, ‘ make firm ;’ cf. cd7Tw, odKos, sancire, sacer, and by 
labialism sepes. 


198 NOTES. 


planted by Menelaus when mustering his army, he takes occasion 
to enumerate the most ancient trees in their order of seniority :— 
(1) The willow (Avyos) in the Temple of Juno in Samos; (2) The 
sacred oak at Dodona; (3) The olive in the Acropolis, and one in 
Delos (the third place is also claimed by the Syrians for a bay- 
tree) ; (4) The aforesaid plane at Kaphyz in Arcadia. [Paus. 
viii. 22, 6. ] 

The suit is before the Boulé of the Areopagus, whose special 
province it was, as involving sacrilege. The name of the defendant 
does not appear, but he is an Athenian citizen (§ 41), and possessed 
of much property (§ 24). 

The offence is said to have been committed in the archonship of 
Saniades, 7c. B.c. 397-61 ($11). But the defendant complains 
that a long time was allowed to elapse before the charge was brought 
(§ 42). See Professor Jebb, Attic Orators, vol. i. pp. 289-292.] 


3. mpdaypara ‘ vexatious business,’ especially of the legal sort. 3 


vuvi 8 ‘but as things have turned out with me.’ This 
demonstrative « is a mark of colloquial Greek, and accordingly 
is not found in the Tragedians. 


4, mepirérrwxa ‘I have fallen in with.’ 


5-6. kal rods ph. . trerOat ‘that generations yet unborn 
must fear for what will happen to them.’ A mere rhetorical 
exaggeration. 


9. &ropos ‘ perplexing,’ because the charge had been varied, 
and therefore could not be wholly provided against. 


10. d&reypadny ‘it was entered on the indictment against 
me.’ dmoypadew twa ‘to give in a copy of the charge against 
aman.’ [We shall have hereafter to notice a more technical 
meaning of droypdgew and droypad7. | 


11. @&\alav is here a popta or éXala Snuocla. See Introduction. 


12. tots éwvnpévovs ‘the men who had bought from the 
State the produce of the sacred olive trees,’ and would be likely 
therefore to know if one of them had been destroyed. peat 
pevoe ‘with inquiries.’ 


14, dStkotvra ‘ suilty of any such fraud,’ ¢.e. in cutting down 4 
an olive. The temptation to such an act would be the gain of 
space, or the belief that the olive injured the vines, or was too 


1 Note that the Attic year being calculated from summer solstice to 
summer solstice, it will not exactly correspond with a year B.c, 








IL 199 


near the dweiling-house [cf. $14} We can imagine that the 
presence of these trees might be objected to by an owner with 
exclusive ideas. 


16. Gwoperarny Gredéyéat ‘ most difficult for me to refute.’ 


- pa . - Aéyav ‘make any statement they choose with 
less fear of contradiction.’ 


18-21. wal S@ . . GywvicacGar ‘and I am obliged on 
matters, which they have brought into court fully prepared, to 
contend for the enjoyment of country and property, having only 
heard the charges at the same moment as you who are to decide 
the suit.’ Gp’ tpiv rots Sayvecopévos . . axotcayra ‘having 
heard about the matter at the same time as you who are to 
judge,’ i.e. not till I came into court. For wept warpiSos xal 

oveias dywv. cf. oni. 1. He means that the penalty, if he 
loses the suit, will be exile and forfeiture. His grievance is that 
the prosecutors have changed the counts in the indictment so 
close to the time of trial as to prevent his knowing what they 
precisely were. 


23-25. These names recall the scenes of the first revolution, 
that of the Four Hundred. Peisander was the chief agent in 
that movement [B.c. 411-10], and when the counter-revolution 
took place he took refuge with the Spartans at Deceleia, and 
his property was forfeited. It was granted to Apollodorus for 
his part in the assassination of Phrynichus, one of the leaders 
of the -extreme aristocratic party in the revolution. See Orat. 
vi. §71; Thucyd. viii 98. 


28. dptyns ‘after the troubles consequent upon the 
usurpation of the Thirty were over,’ i.e. some time subsequent to 
the spring of B.c. 403. 


33. otk Gv S&ixalws LnproteGar ‘I should not justly be made 
to suffer for it.” &» with present or aor. infin. forms an 
apodosis, and here represents an imperfect indicative with 4» in 
direct speech. Thus, omitting voulfw, the sentence would be 
eH ss waa vicar pupias otk ay Sicalws éfnusotunr. Goodwin, 


35. xtvSuvevew ‘to be called to account.’ 


37. Kal G@AAwv . . kal rd piv «+.A. ‘You know that among 
the many evils caused by the (Peloponnesian) war there was 
this, that while the parts remote from the city used to be 
devastated by the Lacedzmonians, the parts near it used to be 


200 NOTES. 


pillaged by our own people.’ The yearly raids of the Spartans, 
crowned by their permanent occupation of Deceleia, are detailed 
in Thucydides. The panic caused by them drove the country 
people into the city, whose estates were thus often abandoned 
to every kind of pillage. See Thucyd. ii. 18,5; 19, 1-2; 47, 
8-4. ili, 1, 1-2; 26, 2. vii. 18-19. 


40. rdv tH moder yeyevnpévav cupdopdv ‘the damage done 
by our public disasters.” are at the beginning of a sentence 
marks a strong conclusion. See L. and Se. 


41, &dAws te kal ‘ especially as.’ 


42, SypevOlty Ampaxrov fv wAetov H tpla ern ‘was in conse- 
quence of its confiscation abandoned for more than three years.’ 
The three years during which the vineyard was unworked 
seem to have been the two previous to the revolution and the 
year of the revolution itself, 7.e. 406-403. The Attic year was 
counted from summer solstice to summer solstice. 


45-46. érloracbe . . ertpedctobe. The Boulé is the senate 
of the Areopagus. 8cot ‘especially those of you who act as 
inspectors [ériuednral] of such properties.’ The senate of 
Areopagus appear to have appointed inspectors (émiuenrat) 
every month to see to the safety of the popiae and oyxol ; 
and ‘collectors’ (yvdpoves) each year to see that the pro- 
duce of the former was duly gathered and sold. Infra, §§ 
25, 29. 


47. moda, sc. XWpia, ‘many vineyards,’ or other enclosed and 
cultivated plots. 


48. éxkéxomrrat ‘have been cleared.’ éxxérrecw may refer to 
the thing cut out, z.c. the trees, as in Xen. Hell. 6, 15, 37, 
éxxexdgpuce dévdpa ; or, as here, to the place from which they 
were cut, as in Xen. Anab. 1, 4, 10, éxxémrerae rapddecos. 


51. érépwy éxxoavtav ‘when it was other people who cut 
them down.’ 


52. Sa ravrds rod xpdvov ‘at various times from one end of 
the period to the other.’ 


53. 4 ov xph tots ¥ év 7.4. ‘much more must those who 
did not buy until the peace be held harmless by you.’ For 4 
mov followed by ye, and introducing an @ fortiori argument, see 
FEschin. 39, 88, ef undels av iuav éauvrdv dvardjca pdvov 
dixalov Bovdowro, # mov ddlkou ye Puddgair’ avy. ‘If no one would 


Il. 201 


like to infect himself with the guilt of a justifiable homicide, 
much more would he shrink from one that was unjustifiable.’ 


54. & TH deta. See above on 1. 28. The peace, after 
the deposition of the Thirty, was arranged at Sparta in the 


spring of B.c. 403. See Appendix. 


56. GAG yap ‘however’ serves to dismiss the previous sub- 6 
ject. The new matter is introduced by 6¢,—éweidy 6€ x.7.X, 
apdrepov ‘before my purchase of the property.’ 


59. aweplcbwoa ‘I let out.’ Obs. uicfdu, ‘I let ;’ pc Potpat, 
‘I have let to me,’ ‘I hire.’ If there is any difference between 
pucObw and droucGéw, it is that in the latter the idea of aliena- 
tion is emphasised. 

60. éri Ilv8oSépou Upxovros ‘in the archonship of Pytho- 
dorus,’ i.e. B.c. 404-3. The counter-revolution took place in 
the spring of B.c. 403, late in Pythodorus’s year ; shortly after 
which event the purchase is made. 


64. awedevOépw. The status of a ‘freedman’ at Athens 
seems to have been very similar to that of a uéroxos. He was 
subject to the seroixov, or alien’s tax, with apparently an 
addition of three obols [Boeck. p. 330], and was obliged to have 
a posrarys, who would probably be his former master if alive. 


68. 5 xpdvos otros efxa ‘at the end of this period,’ i.e. at 
the end of the tenancy of Proteas. totwvv constantly used at 


the beginning of a new point in the argument. 


69. érl LovvidSou dpxovros, i.¢. in B.c. 397-6. It probably 
refers to the spring of B.c. 396. The spring equinox is the 
time to plant young olives, according to Pliny, H. N. 18, 254, 
and before doing so the ground would be cleared and prepared. 


72. peptobwpévor. The perf. pass. part. used as a middle, 
pucBotuac being regarded as a middle deponent verb, Donald, 
§ 350. Cf. eipyacuévos, xexrnuévos, pepynuevos, and many more. 
Observe the difference of tenses épyaféueva: and pemecbwpévor. 
The cultivation of the ground would be a continuous act, the 
hiring it in each case one act, now over and done with. 


75. & wpérepov pi, Rv. uh is used, not ov, because it is the 
statement not of a fact, but a supposition, ‘if there were none 
to destroy before.’ tow torepov épy. i.e. himself. 


77-90. The argument is that no man of acuteness would have 7 
acted as he is alleged to have done ; and the prosecutors declare 


202 NOTES. 


him to be a man of acuteness. Sevdv ‘sharp.’ d&«piBA ‘careful 
and accurate.’ @v.. aotfjoat ‘likely to have acted.’ See note 
above on 1. 33, and Goodwin, Moods and Tenses, § 41, 8. 


83. eltrep . . émexelpovy ‘ since (as alleged) I was taking such 
matters in hand.’ efrep implies no doubt or condition. Here 
it is put with a proposition which he would deny, but which he 
grants for the sake of argument. 


84-6. kal Stt. . Kaldris.. kal rl Gy Aabdv . . kal rf dy 
are all propositions dependent upon cxozety, The sense is, 
‘since I am so acute, at least pay me the compliment of sup- 
posing that I should examine the consequences of my actions.’ 
T TojoavT, = 7H dpavicavte ‘to one who did so,’ te. cut 
down a onxés. tl Av Aabav Sterpatdpny ‘what good I should 
have got if I had escaped detection.’ Stampdocoerbar ‘to 
accomplish for oneself.’ davepds yevdpevos ‘if I had been de- 
tected.’ 


87-8. odx BBpews GAAA KépSous evexa ‘not from lawless 
insolence, but for some substantial advantage.’ Ups (for which 
it is difficult to find an exact English equivalent) is illegal 
conduct adopted from the instinct of lawlessness, and is here 
contrasted with illegal conduct pursued for the sake of private 
gain. So in Demosth. 67, 8, it is contrasted with dwpodoxta, 
‘corruption.’ ; 


89. rovs dvTiBlkovs ‘the prosecutors.’ dvridixos is the party 
in a suit on the side opposite to the speaker, whichever that 
may be, though strictly it was only applied to the defendant. 


é totrwy ‘on the principles I have suggested.’ 
91. obros the prosecutor, Nikomachus, 


93. ds Td xwplov por Stadbelperar ‘that the value of the 
vineyard is being lessened to me.’ Observe the present tense 
in the midst of aorists and imperfects. In Greek the time can 
be thus varied to suit the various shades of meaning. If the 
onxés existed, the injury, if there were one, would be continuous, 
The speaker puts himself in the place of one arguing at the 
time about an existing o7nxés. 


96. map tptv ‘before your court.’ 8 
98-9. 8s . . e€xomrov ‘for I was cutting it down,’ ze. when 
they saw me. For this use of 8s, cf. infra, 1. 153. 


doep od . . Séov ‘as though, so far from keeping it a secret 
from everybody, it was necessary that all Athens should know 
it.’ déov, accus. absolute of neut. participle, Goodwin, § 278, 2. 


IL 203 


102. ris ‘one or another chance passer-by.’ viv Se ‘ but as 
it is. od. . &dAG ‘not mere disgrace, but the most severe 


103. mepl atoxtvys . . extvSdvevov ‘I was risking disgrace.’ 
xwduvevew rept is generally used with the genitive of the thing 
to be lost, not as here of the thing to be incurred. See 1, 1. 


105-6. Oepdmrovras . . Sotdovs. The generic name for all 
attendants is Gepdawv [Sansc. DHAR, sustinere Curt. 316], and in 
Homer it is directly contrasted with dodAos. See infra, 1. 112 
and 224, and oni. 1. 37. 


107. Sore & . . AapPavew ‘so that I could never punish 
them even for the most serious faults.’ Because they could 
always turn on him with the threat of informing. This relation 
of master and slave may be compared with the complaint of 
Strepsiades in Arist. Nub. 6: dwodoo S77’ & wddeue, ToddAGv 
elvexa | 57° o¥5é Kddac’ eort pot Tods olxéras. 


110. éw &elvors Rv ‘ it was in their power.’ 
111. atrots . . yevérGar. See note oni. 1. 40. 


112. otxerdv. He uses doddos, Oepdrwv, olxérns indifferently. 
Strictly the first relates to a man’s civil status as opposed to 
that of a freeman (servus), the two latter to the personal connec- 
tion between the man and his master—(1) as his attendant 
(minister), (2) as a member of his household (famulus). 

: . . Tapéoryn . . pot ‘if it had entered into my head.’ Cf. 
v. 1. 429. 


113. rorottav . . cvveddrwv ‘when so many persons had 
held it as tenants, and every one of them would have been in 
the secret.’ 


115. mpoBerplas 8 . . mpoofKkov.. onkdy ‘and when, owing 
to the fact of there being no statute of limitations to cover the 
case, it equally concerned them all that a onxés should be intact. 
tmpoofKov [neut. acc. abs., see on ]. 98] forms the main clause 
in apposition with tocovrwy . . cwveidérwv. Though prior in 
order, mpodecuias . . ovdeulas is logically subsidiary and ex- 

lanatory. mpoSecpla ‘a limit, especially of time, fixed before- 
nd by law, beyond which a crime cannot be prosecuted. See 
Orat. vi. § 83. Such a statute of limitations is appealed to by 
Demosthenes in the De Corona, 269, and again in the Jn Nausi- 
machum, 993, where the prescribed time is five years. But it 


204 NOTES. 


does not only apply to time: mpoGecula is appealed to on the 
ground of the prosecutor having formally forgiven two possible 
penalties, doa ris dpfxev } dwjddaker. Pro Phorm. 952. 


118. tv & tis. . mapéocav ‘that they might have been 
able, if any one had charged them with it, to transfer the 
charge to their successor in the tenancy.’ ta takes the secondary 
tenses of the indicative in final clauses where the end depends 
upon an unfulfilled condition. Goodwin, § 216, 3. 


119. viv Se. See l. 102. dmrodtoavres halvovras ‘they have 
evidently cleared me.’ The argument is: all the tenants had 
an interest in fastening the charge on me to clear themselves ; 
but they have not done so; thereby showing that they believed 
me innocent. 


122. rolvuv ‘again,’ introducing a second point, ac. the alle- 9 
gation that he had ‘squared’ the matter with his tenants. See 
supra, |. 68. 

maperkevacdpny ‘I made a corrupt arrangement with.’ 
This is the word specially used in such cases: cf. Dem. 853, 
Tovs udprupas ov mapecxevdopeda. Ib. 852, waperxevacrar pdp- 
rupas Wevdeis. Ib. 1062, woddd Kal dvaloxuvra mapeckevdcarTo 
mpos Tov ayava. Infra, Orat. vi. 1. 80. 


123. metoari.c. ‘bribe.’ See 1. 148. 


126. droxpuTTdpda prySéva edévar ‘we try to keep secret 
and from any one’s knowledge.’ pndéva eldévar = Gore undéva 
elSévat. For wh with infinitive after verbs, containing a nega- 
tive idea, such as concealing, etc., see Goodwin, § 283, 6. azro- 
xpvrrecOat = ‘dissimulare.’ Thucydides uses it with a slightly 
different shade of meaning ; ii. 53, 2, & rpérepov dmexpimreTo KH 
Kad’ Hdoviy roe, ‘ things which before he used to pretend to 
have no pleasure in doing.’ vii. 85, 2, dcovs uh dmrexpvpavTo, 
‘except those whom they pretended not to have caught.’ 


127. ol rolvwv. Another point is that some of these neigh- 
bours are on no good terms with me. Why not have called 
some of them as witnesses ? 


130. roApnpds ‘made at a venture.’ 


132-3. mapeorikev ‘I was standing by.’ Obs. the tense, 
equivalent to imperfect, and in éféreuvor, in describing the scene. 


dvaéuevos ‘ having packed it on his cart.’ 


134. xpiv seems in Attic to be a commoner form than éxpiv 5 





Il. 205 


ses Veitch. For its construction, see Goodwin, § 222, note 2. 
Compare this xpjv mapaxadey with éxpiv mapacxécOa just 
above. The aorist infinitive is used in the latter because it 
refers to a single action in the past, 7.e. at the time of the trial. 
The present is used in the former because it refers to repeated 
action in the past, for of rapidvres came at different times. 


138. For8a dv pe reripwpypévos ‘you would now have had 
full vengeance on me.’ For 4y with pluperf., referring to an 
action finished in present time, see Goodwin, § 222; Moods 
and Tenses, p. 95. Madv. Synt., § 117 a. It indicates a state, 
the possibility of which is over. ériuwpiow av would have 
referred to the fact of his not having punished him at the time, 
without indicating the present effect of that omission. For 
the periphrastic form, reriuwpnuévos FioOa for éreripmpyoo, see 
Goodwin, § 118. 


139. ottws i.e. by convicting me on the spot. 


140. cvxopdvrns, whatever its derivation, came to mean not 
merely a man who got up charges against others, true or false, 
but one who did so for personal profit. 


148, metoar ‘ bribe.’ See 1. 123, 
144, Adyous ‘ mere assertions.’ 


145, karnyopets ‘ you assert in your speech for the prosecu- 
tion.’ In this sense xarnyopeiv will take the accusative of the 
' thing charged, Dem., rapdvovav atrod Kkarnyopew ; or accusa- 
tive and infinitive, id. Wevdets av xarnydbpouv elvac [cf. the use 
of defendere] ; or, as here, a simple sentence introduced by ws or 
rt, as equivalent to Néyew, 


147. foas [‘a rare form’ R. C. J.J, ‘when you said that 
you saw me,’ is illogically put for ‘when you saw me as you 
assert.’ [Cf. the careless use of quod diceret misisse for quod 
misisset, and our ‘he went away because he said it was late,’ 
instead of ‘because it was late, he said.’ See J. B. Mayor on 
Cicero Phil. ii. § 7.] 


148, rots évvéa dpxovras. It was the function of the 
Archons [in the case of murder, the King-Archon] to bring cases 
before the court of the Areopagus ; and they probably sat as 
judges in the court. 


151. otmep ‘the very men who.’ 
152. Savérara otv mécxw ‘I am placed in a most unfair 


206 NOTES. 


dilemma.’ The dilemma is this: ‘If he had brought witnesses 
he would have claimed that they should be believed against me ; 
bringing none he asserts to be equally against me, as proving 
that I have deterred men by bribes or threats from coming 
forward.’ 


153. 8s. If this word is to stand, it must refer to the accuser, 
who is by implication referred to in dewdrara oty rdoxw, ‘I am 
placed by him in a dilemma, for he’ etc.; for this explanatory 
use of és, see above, 1. 98, 


155. {yplav ‘disadvantage.’ 


156. rovrov ‘at him.’ ot ydp Shrov. . papripwv ‘for he 
would not, I presume, when setting out upon a case of this 
vexatious nature, do so without supplying himself either with 
witnesses or with captious arguments of this kind.’ tovovrwv ye 
emphasises the disparagement. &mua goes closely with Ndywr 
and papripwy, ‘he wouldn’t lack arguments and witnesses at 
the same time. 


160. mvupkaids ‘ burnt stumps.’ Besides the decay of nature 
and the raids of the enemy, the olives might be burnt down by 
the hand of man or by lightning. The stumps were still 
sacred, and indeed might shoot again, as was the case with the 
sacred olive in the temple of Athena, which, two days after 
being burnt by Xerxes, had made a shoot of a cubit length. 
Herod. vii. 55. Virgil, however, says that when the olive thus 
shoots out again it is as a wild olive, infelix oleaster. Georg. ii. 
303-313. poplas. See Introduction. 


161. elmep ‘since as they say.’ 


163. érepydcacBar ‘encroach.’ émrepydfecar and érepyacia 
are the technical terms for working any consecrated ground. 
Donaldson [New Cr., p. 287] deduces it from the custom of 
leaving border lands uncultivated, whence in Xenophon we 
find émepyacia = ‘border rights,’ or ‘international rights of 
cultivation.’ 


164. ede. . YrerOar ‘ was plainly likely to be ;’ for the fut. 
infin. with ué\d\w, see Goodwin, § 202, 8. The future and 
present are used indifferently. The true aorist perhaps does not 
occur ; in such a phrase as kel wéAXw Oavetv (Eur. Med. 392) the 
aorist of @vjcxw is a quasi-present. viv 8 ‘ but in point of fact.’ 


165. otrws . . wept moAAod trovodpat ‘I set quite as much 


Il. 207 


store by.’ In this common phrase the use of wept is nearly 
equivalent to that noticed on 1, 1. : 


169. értpeAoupévous ‘ you who act as inspectors every month 
and send collectors every year.’ See Introduction. This is 
our only authority for these érmuednral and yrépoves, though 
it is evident that some such officers would be needed. 


171. &nptwoev ds «.7.A. One of the offences would be that 
of using the ground too close to the sacred tree or stump, 


amept with accus. indicates ‘nearness,’ 


172. ras pev pixpds {nplas the small fines which the ém- 11 
pednral would have inflicted for minor trespasses. The argu- 
ment is: ‘If I so carefully avoided these small fines, should I 
not much more have avoided the penalty of forfeiture which 
belonged to the removing of a onxés?’ 


175-8. tas pév wodAds ddalas. They are yopla: also, see 1. 160. 

iv . . Eapapravew ‘I might have committed the trespass.’ 
Goodwin, § 122, note 2: ‘ay is not used, as these phrases 
express in other words what is usually expressed by the indica- 
tive with dy.’ 

For Oeparrevwv daivopat ‘am I shown to take such care of 
them?’ cf. 1 119. xplyopas ‘am I being called in ques- 
tion ?’ 

178-185. The argument is this: ‘I did not commit any such 
trespass during the time of revolution, when all lawless acts 
were safer,—why should I be thought to be likely to do it after 
the restoration, when the supervision was stricter?’ He means 
that in his other lands he can be shown to have not broken this 
law, and them he possessed before the revolution. 


181-2. SaBeBAnpévos ‘in a position of suspicion and distrust.’ 
Si nune jaceam invidia et contemptu perculsus. So in Dem. 
diaBeBrAFcGa: is opposed to eddoxcuetv. 


rére i.e. during the revolutionary troubles. 
186, émipeAoupévav. See 1. 169, 


189. kuxdd@ev 8. The construction changes, and instead of 
év @ we must understand aird, sc. xwpior. 


192. rls Av dmerdApynoe ‘who would have been so utterly 
audacious.’ dé has an intensive force. Cf. 1.59, Ina good 


amend oe 


208 NOTES. 


sense in Thucyd. vii. 67, 1, dweré\unoay, ‘ they showed reckless 
daring.’ 


196, émepyatspevov. See on 1. 163. 


a Oe Se ee 


197. els klySuvov katacricat ‘ brought to trial.’ 


200. dtroypdipat ‘entered. on the indictment that I destroyed 
an olive. Cf. 1.10. For the construction see 1, 145, 


204. odviere ‘you know from personal observation as well 12 
as I do,’ 


205. évOupoupévous ‘ forming your opinions,’ 


206. rhs GAAns todtrelas ‘the rest of my conduct as a 
citizen.’ 7 


209. tpinpapxav . . elodopds . . Xopnyav . . Aevroupyav. 
He mentions the three most costly and best known of the public _ 
expenses borne by citizens, either singly or in partnership,—the 
equipping a trireme, contributing to the expenses of a war, etc., 
and the fitting out a chorus for the plays in the theatre. There | 
were others of course, and the student should consult the articles 
Aecroupyla, Tprnpapxia, etc., in the Dictionary of Antiquities, 


211. modvtedds ‘expensively.’ 


212. perplws amowdv ‘if I had only performed them in a 
manner to pass muster.’ 


216. éxépSaivoy . . Kablornv. The dv in the apodosis is some- 
times omitted. [See Goodwin, § 222, note 1.] For numerous 
examples see Stallb. on Plat. Symp. 190c; add Thucyd. vii. 
6, 1; Herod. viii. 43; Demosth. 870. The result is repre- 
sented as all but actually happening, or as certain to happen. 
We might also say ‘I gained nothing’ for ‘I should have 
gained nothing.’ See also infra, 1. 245, 


222. é& tav dddoyv ‘ from what happened besides.’ 


223. pdprupas yap x.t.A. ‘in the presence of witnesses I 18 
offered to have my slaves examined by torture.’ 

These challenges were made with a double object—(1) Because 
it was really held, as it has been since, that evidence by torture 
was trustworthy ; (2) for the purpose of discrediting the opposite 
perty if he refused them, by pretending that he did so because 

e was afraid of the disclosure. For the particular tortures 

employed, see Arist. Ran. 617 :— 


IL. 209 


A. kal rs Bacavifw ; 
EA. mdvra tpdrov, év kXlwaxe 
Snoas, kpeudoas, borpixld: wacriyGv, dépwy, 
oTpeBrGr, ert 5 és Tas pivas bfos eyxéwv 
whivOous émiriOels, wavTa Tada, 


224-5. ods.éxexthynv ‘whom I was in possession of.’ apé- 
AaBoy ‘I took into my own hands.’ 


231-2. wept abrav . . Katyyopotow ‘make damning state- 
ments about themselves.’ Cobet objects to the construction, 
but xarnyopeiv, we see, is used without a genitive for an object. 
Cf. 1. 145, also infra, 242. 


233. mepdxacr ‘ they are naturally.’ 


235. karevmrdvtes ‘ by having denounced them.’ 


tTdv wapdsvtwv Kakoy refers, I think, not to their torture, but 
to their state of slavery. That emancipation was at times the 
result of informing against a master guilty of an offence 
against the public we have already seen, i, 1. 89-40. Cf. 
supra, |. 111. 


238. éuavTo EvveSévar ‘ to be conscious of guilt,’ generally in 
a bad sense, cf. 1. 114; but in good sense, v. 1. 520. 


242, aepl guod . . ef HAeyxov ‘for as for me, if they had de- 
nounced me.’ Observe the emphatic position of wepi éuod. For 
the construction édéyxew rept twos, cf. 1. 231, repli airay Karn- 
yopotct. 

245. tvoxos fv ‘he would have been subject.’ For con- 
struction without ay, see on 1. 216. 


246-7. éxpiv ‘was bound in his own interests.’ mpootkev ‘1 
was bound in fairness,’ 


248. per’ éuod elvar ‘that it was on my side,’ ‘in my favour.’ 
Cf. Demosth. 1236, wire pera Ta&v Siwwxdvrwy pire pera Tov 
gevydvrev Thy yvounv yevérOat. Kal && Bardvev Kal é& papro- 
pov ‘ whether from the evidence of slaves or freemen.’ 


253. elxds ‘ likely.’ 


254. a&x.v8ives ‘when there was no risk to himself,’ ¢.e. 
because he would incur no loss by failing in the action. 


257. avxodaytrotvra. See on 1. 140. 


262-3. éraitid@raro. ‘for in proportion as such charges are 
P 


14 


210 ' NOTES. 


most easily imputed and most difficult to refute.’ ray KwSdvev 
seems to stand here for ‘the charges,’ although it more properly 
means the trials, which are the results of the charges. émairiw- 
taro is difficult to explain. éatrios properly means ‘held to 
blame for,’ the thing for which the person is blamed being in 
the genitive. [Thucyd. vi. 61, 1, ra puorixd Gv érairios jv.) 
Here it appears to mean ‘fit’ or ‘ready to be brought against 
one.’ In Thucyd. v. 65, 3, it is applied to a thing, and means 
‘blameworthy.’ Such a charge is dropwraros, because in defence 
it is necessary to prove a negative (7.e. that there was no such 
olive), which is always most difficult. 


264. odk Elovv sc. devyew, ‘did not think it right to avoid 
the trial’ by bribing my accusers. 


265. mwapéoxov . . xpyoat ‘I submitted myself entirely to 
your disposal.’ 


270. tototrous .. ois. . odk av ‘men of such character as these 
(whom you see accusing me), to whom you cannot in fairness 
give credit.’ For rovovrous ots, which is not equivalent to 7. 
otous, cf. Orat. vi. 11.6, 88. We have roaira ota, Orat. v. 1. 694. 


275. ér aicyxlorats .. airlats ‘on charges the most dis- 15 
graceful,’ ¢.e. to the maker of them. 


278. xécptov ‘orderly.’ Elsewhere [21, § 19] our orator 
speaks of its being the most difficult of public services to be 
always ‘ orderly,’ and never tq’ doris ArrnOjvar uO’ bd Képdous 
érapOjvat, ‘to yield to the temptations of pleasure or profit.’ 


279. év ddvyapxia zc. during the government of the Thirty. 


280. ratra pév ‘as to all this,’ answered by dmédeéa Se, § but 
(to return) I prove to you,’ etc. 


285. mvdéobat Stov tvexa. There was no mpofecula or limit of 
time to bar the accusation, but the orator seeks to prejudice the 
accuser by remarking on his having taken advantage of this. 


én’ attopdpy ‘in the act,’ properly in the act of theft (pap) 
and then i in any act: a process exactly like that through which 
our phrase ‘to be caught with the manoir’ has gone. 


286. trorcottw xpévw. See Introduction. 
287. rorotrov . . dyava ‘a trial of such importance,’ 


288. & rav Adywv ‘on their bare assertions.’ See lL 144, 
Here it is expressly contrasted with rots épyois. 





1 ae 211 
289. édv. Accus. absol. See l. 98, 


291. mapayevéoOar ‘ were present,’ when I had the fenced-in 
stump removed. 


ORATION III. [9.] 


[The speaker, Polyzenus, is defending himself on a charge of not 
having paid a fine imposed on him for slandering a magistrate. 
He answers (1) that the fine had been legally remitted by the 
taulac; (2) that if this remission were illegal, the action should be 
against the raulat, not himself. 

But the prosecutors had in their speeches referred to the cir- 
cumstances of the original fine. He therefore reviews the whole 
case, and pleads (1) that for what he said he had great provocation, 
namely, that of having from private spite been improperly put on 
the roll of military service, and having been insulted and threatened 
because he appealed ; (2) that his words did not come under the 
law, because not spoken év cuvedpiw, ‘in court ;’ (3) that the very 
men who imposed the fine had not ventured to give an account of 
it in their audit. 

The penalty for not paying a fine was to pay double. For the 
law concerning Aodopla, see on 1. 52. The weakness in the argu- 
ment is that he nowhere shows that the rauiac had a legal power 
to remit the penalty ; and if they had not, the defendant would 
be in exactly the same position as if they had done nothing, 7.¢. 
he would have owed the fine. 

The speech is almost certainly not by Lysias, in the opinion of 
most critics. Those who hold this opinion rely (1) on more than 
one instance of doubtful Attic [see notes on ll. 46, 57, 102, 134, 
and others might be adduced] ; (2) on the style, which Professor 
Jebb considers ‘ conclusive, and he decides that it ‘was probably 
written by a bad imitator of his style ;’ (3) on the historical diffi- 
culty as to ‘ Ctesicles the Archon,’ see notes, 1. 29.] 


1. of dvr(Sucor here stands for the prosecutors. See on ii, 16 
1, 89. 

Tod . . mpayparos ‘the point in dispute,’ 7c. whether or 
not I was liable for the fine. 


2. tpdmov ‘character.’ The plural is more usual in this 
sense: infra, 1. 108. 


6. tod mpoonKovros ‘what they ought to have spoken of.’ 
So (Dem.) wh elpyduevor Tay mpornkorvTuy, sc. elpyerOat. 


212 NOTES. 


7. odk 0d . . morotyrat ‘it is not because they thought 
little of me, but because they thought little of the merits of 
their case, that they thus speak.’ 


9. ebnPerav ‘simplicity,’ in the bad sense of folly or deceiv- 
ableness. The word has gone through the same deterioration as 
our words ‘simple’ and ‘silly’ (holy). Thucydides notices its 
discredit at the time of the Peloponnesian War, 7d edyes 08 7d 
yevvatov meloTov peTéxet KaTayedacbev Hpavicbn, 3, 83, 1. 


11. Spnv peév is answered by diaBadd\évrwv 5é in 1.13. 1 
always used to think that, etc., but since they take to aspersing 
my character.’ . . See on 1, 1. 8. 


16. droypadis ‘ writ,’ z.e. for the recovery of the fine alleged 
to be due by me. If he lost the suit, the penalty would be the 
doubling of the fine. doypadpy is the technical word for a suit 
involving money alleged to be due to the State by fine or other 
cause. He says, ‘I will first explain the circumstances which 
brought about the writ.’ This involves going through the 
whele story of the original imposition of the fine. 


18. karehéynv orparitys ‘I was put on the list for military 17 
service.’ The duty of making up the list (kardXoyos) for service 
on any occasion fell on the Strategi. They had the whole list 
of citizens of military age to choose from, and no doubt if they 
chose fairly they would regard service on a campaign as a reason 
for not putting a man’s name on again for a certain period. 
But the list thus made out seems to have been on occasions, - 
either from favour or by allowed substitution, altered by the 
admission of Metics and Thetes. Thus Thucydides speaks of 
lists where such substitution has not taken place as xpycrot 
or kafapol (6, 31, 3; 5, 8, 2). Another unfair advantage 
obtained by money or favour was the alteration of the service 
from the infantry to the cavalry (see Arist. Eq. 1370). The 
list was put up on one of the ten statues of eponymous heroes 
in the Agora, and each person who found his name on it had to 
appear at the specified time with three days’ rations, circ’ quepav 
tpiov (Arist. Pax. 1182-3). Copies of new laws were also 
exposed on these statues (Demosth. Lept. 485). 


19. trerorotpny . . karedéxSat ‘I began at once to suspect 
that I had been put on the list from some corrupt motive.’ 
For éml, see i. 1. 11. 


20. bys ‘sound,’ ‘honest,’ is opposed to cafpdv ‘rotten,’ 
‘dishonest.’ 





Day 213 


21. re orparnye ‘ The strategus,’ i.e. of my tribe. One 
strategus was appointed annually for each of the ten Attic 
tribes. 


Sr érrparevpévos elnv ‘that I had already served.’ The 
optative is used because the words are oblique, representing 
what he said to the Strategi. 


22. otSevds Tdv perplwy ‘no reasonable or fair treatment.’ 


Aakti{dpevos ‘with insulting words ;’ lit. [according 
to the usual derivation from wy\és] ‘with mud thrown in my 
face,’ used especially of insulting language. Rutherford [New 
Phryn. p. 127] derives it from mnXixos ‘how old ?’—the idea 
of insult arising from asking a man how old he is before you 
know him! Cf. Curtius 275. 


25. rl xphowpat to mpdypar. ‘what I should do in the 
matter.’ ‘The deliberative or interrogative subjunctive is re- 
tained in Oratio obliqua after a primary tense. Goodwin, § 244. 


26-7. daethotev . . évdnpoly. For the mood, see on 1. 21. 


28. ra mpoepnpéva StelAekro ‘the aforesaid matters had 
been mentioned to me in the course of conversation.’ 

If this is genuine it presents two difficulties :—(1) dvef\exro is 
elsewhere always used in middle sense, see Dem. Mid. 119. 
This might be got over by supposing some such word as tis to 
be lost. (2) No previous conversation had been mentioned. 
We must suppose mpoecpnuéva to be a general reference to the 
statement érvOdunv ws x.7.X. 


éri rq . . tpaméfy ‘at the bank.’ The tables of the money- 
changers were places of resort and idle conversation. See 
Theophr. Char. xxi., where one of the habits of the prxpopiddrijos 
is THs wey dyopas mpos Tas tparégas mpoodpotray, in order to be 
thought to be a man of business. Nothing is known of Philius. 


ot 8 pera Krnoikdéous tot dpxovros. These words present 
a very great difficulty. We should naturally expect of pera 
Krnotxdéovs to mean ‘the partisans of Ctesicles the Strategus,’ 
But a strategus, as Prof. Jebb says, could not be called dpxwr. 
We can therefore only suppose that Ctesicles the Archon (a 
person unknown to us) was known to the court to have sided 
with the strategus in prosecuting the defendant ; or, as Pro- 
fessor Jebb suggests, that the rod dpxovrcs is a gloss added by 
some one who supposed that the reference was to Ctesicles, 
whom we find on the list of Eponymous Archons for the year 
B.C. 334. 


° 


214 NOTES. 


31. rod vépou darayopevovtos ‘whereas the words of the law 
were precisely.’ 


32. mapa tov vépov. The breach of the law, he pleads, con- 
sisted in the neglect of the qualification év ovvedpiy ; see Intro- 
duction. ovvédpiov is a generic term for any place of assembly. 
It seems to mean ‘in court’ here. In 1. 52 & 7@ ovvedpiy 
would more naturally mean ‘the senate house.’ 


33. rodpytpiov. The full penalty for speaking evil of a magis- 
trate was driula ; see on]. 52. In this case a mitigated penalty 
of a fine had been inflicted, which he speaks of as 76 dpyvptov, 
as known to the judges and ‘admitted’ by the defence. 


34. &votens . . THs dpxrs ‘towards the close of their year 
of office.’ 


35. els AetKapa ‘having entered it on the register.’ AevKwua, 
a wooden table covered with gypsum, on which drafts of laws 
and other public memoranda were written. Demosth. 707. 
It was called also cavls, 


rots taplats ‘the stewards of the treasury.’ This treasury 
was in the temple of Pallas on the Acropolis, and accordingly 
these stewards are called by Demosthenes (1075) raulac raév 
rhs Geos. We hear of other rapia, e.g. of the Paralus, Dem. 
570; and of the shipbuilders, rév rpinporodv, Dem. 598. 
Polyznus’s fine would have been eventually paid to these 
stewards, 


37. dvakarerdpevor . . ypadyy ‘have called for an explana- 
tion from the men who handed to them the note of the fine.’ 
It was the duty of the magistrates who decided a suit involving 
a fine to give a written notice (ypag¢h) of the penalty to the 
Public Collectors (rpdxropes), whose duty it was to obtain pay- 
ment of it and hand it over to the receivers (dmodéxrat), or 
the raula of the treasury of a temple to which it might be 
payable, who also had to receive notice of the fine. The 
debtor’s name was said wapado0fvat Tots rpdxropot vel raplas. 

Some objection has been made to the fact of the raulat being 
thus able to act towards their superiors, the Strategi. But, in 
the first place, it must be observed that it was after their year 
of office ; and, in the second, that dvaxadXeoduevor does not, I 
think, imply necessarily a summons of personal attendance, 
but a call for an explanation, which must often have been neces- 
sary between the Exchequer and the magistrates who gave in 
accounts. ‘ypad is equivalent to the Aevxwua in 1. 35. 


Ti. 215 


40. ola merovdeas Fv ‘the treatment I had received :’ 18 
equivalent to a pluperfect. Mady. § 114 b. 


41, ereBov ‘ they tried to persuade them.’ 
42. t&v wodutay twas ‘ this or that citizen.’ 


43. dvaypader Oar ‘should have his name entered as owing a 
fine,’ z.e.in the treasury register. éyypdd¢er@ac is the more 
usual word in this sense, 


44, rdov wap tpdv klvbvvov 7c. the risk of being called to 
account before a court. 


46-9. mpoojkev 8 . . mapacxjcopar, The sense is: ‘You 
now know that the fine was remitted ; but though I think 
that I have already shown that I am not liable, I will put in 
laws and pleas besides to prove it further.’ 


kal Sia tavryy tiv amddagv ‘even by the exposition of my 
case already made.’ 


Sixaraorets ‘pleas.’ The word does not seem to be elsewhere 
used in this sense. Thucyd. (1, 41), Isocrates (121), use 
dixalwua, Demosthenes (87, 48) has 7d at’rd Sixacov ‘the same 
plea.’ 


51. tots év Td ovvedplw AoWopotvtas ‘those who speak evil 
in the senate house (or court).’ Demosthenes (Mid. 32) thus 
states the law: ‘If a man assault or speak evil of a private 
person, he is liable to a prosecution for an assault, and to action 
for slander ; if he does so to a magistrate, he is absolutely dis- 
franchised ;’—the reason being that the person of the magistrate 
was regarded as that of the State. There is nothing said of the 
qualification év 7G ovvedpiy, but publicity may be held to be 
implied. For cuvédpiov, see on |. 32. It means curia in 
Xenoph. Hell. 2, 4, 23, where the Thirty are said to meet é& 
T@ cuvedply, 


53. 7d dpxetov appears to be used as equivalent to ovvédpmor, 
—any place in which magistrates meet for despatch of business. 
Demosthenes (145) couples dpxeta and Bovdeurjpia ‘courts’ and 
‘senate houses.’ 


54. d8lkws 8. The dé introduces a remoter consequence of the 
evidence he offered, and is logically co-ordinate with 87. péy, 
though grammatically ddikws . . efuc is an independent sentence. 


55. otf’ . . eerioar Slkards elpe ‘nor is it just that I should 


216 NOTES. 


pay all that fine.’ For Stkasds elpt, see Madv. §165. éxrtoar 
‘to pay in full,’ does not suggest any compromise as to paying 
something less, but emphasizes the hardship by suggesting the 
largeness of the sum. 


56. cdavepds . . ph Ody ‘plainly shown not to have gone.’ 
Obs. dalvouat é@ew ‘I appear to have gone,’ daivouat édOwv 
‘I am shown to have gone.’ Goodwin, § 280, note 1. 


57. évrds ‘inside the senate house.’ Here irregularly used for 
évdov. [This irregularity is another of the arguments advanced 
against the genuineness of this Oration.] Except in some few 
phrases, such as 7a évrds, etc., évrds seems always followed by 
a genitive case, except in connection with éxew, roeiv, roetoat, 
‘to enclose,’—favourite phrases with Thucydides. 


twAnppAotvTas ‘misbehaving,’ here = odopoivras. [Lit. 
‘out of tune.’ Avy, a preposition indicating ‘excess,’ or ‘ varia- 
tion from a standard’; root wre. Cf. rodv-s we-l-wv plus plur- 
imus, Curtius 282.] 


58. ASukynkds . . datvopar. See on 1. 56. 


59. &vev tovTov. Sc. rod Adicyxévar. tmapaddyws ‘ unreason- 
ably.’ 


61, otre . . edOtivas imécyov ‘they neither stood an audit.’ 19 
evOvvat = (1) the audit or account submitted by a magistrate 
on the expiration of his office, whether annual or extraordinary, 
before ev@vvoc, who were chosen by lot from each tribe ; (2) a 
suit brought against him in respect of such audit. Cf. Andoc. 
10, 15, evOvvas dpdetv. I do not think that it is here meant 
that these magistrates submitted no accounts, but that they 
omitted this particular transaction as being left in the hands 
on the raula. ra mpaxSévra ‘acta,’ their conduct in their 
office. 


63-70. The argument is this: ‘Even had they been right in 
inflicting the fine, I should be safe, because the raulac remitted 
it. For either the rauiac had the power to remit, or had not; 
in the former case the original justice of the fine matters not ; 
in the latter the action would lie against them on their ‘‘ audit,” 
not against me.’ For the flaw in this argument, see Introduction. 


64. é& iptv zc. by getting their act confirmed by a vote of 
the jurors at their audit. v érPodfy ‘the infliction of the 
fine.’ Cf. 1. 33. 


66. K¥ptot Hoav ‘were competent,’ ¢.c, the ranula 





III. 217 


74. thy mpdhacw ‘the pretext for their enmity.’ mpipacis 
in a bad sense, because (1) only the apparent reason for an 
action, (2) though the. real reason yet founded on a mistake or 
malice. It is in the latter sense that it is here used. 


75. Zworpdtw. Nothing is known of this person ;- but he 
appears to have been a leader of one of the innumerable parties 
which were the curse of Athens at this time. We must be on 
our guard against giving too great an importance either to 
the individual or the cause concerning which an Athenian 
oration is delivered ; an equal vehemence and apparent solemnity 
characterises Attic oratory, whether its subject is the infinitely 
great or the infinitely little. 


76. elBds . . yeyevnpévov ‘knowing that he had performed 
important public services,’ bene meruisse de republica. 


&Evov Adyouv ‘worth consideration,’ ‘important,’ from which 
Thucyd. and others have the adjective dééAoyos. Itis perhaps 
more naturally applied to things than persons. 


78. 8a ris exelvou Suvacrefas ‘by means of his power,’ 
belongs to ériyuwpyodunv. The word dvvacreia is an offensive 
one in a democracy, and is used by Thucydides and Xenophon 
ofan oligarchy. But he intentionally puts it strongly: ‘Though 
Sostratus had the excessive power of an oligarch, yet I never 
abused it,’ etc. Cf. the use by Cicero of potentia as opposed to 
auctoritas [pro Mil. ch. 5]. 


83. rovatra . . & dv ‘and so I can give such an account of 
my conduct, that from it I shall much more fairly be entitled 
to my opponents’ gratitude than their ill services.’ For the com- 
bination of rovofros with the relative és, ef. ii. 1. 270, vi. 1. 88. 


86. mpds ex @payv ‘for enmity :’ a pretext which could justify 20 
enmity. Demosth. uses the phrase adverbially as opposed to 
mpes xdpw [90, 1]. 

87. dpécavres. We know nothing of such an oath taken by 
the Strategi. 

89-90. awept tod cdparos because the penalty of speaking 
evil of a magistrate was driula. For meaning, see on 1, 1. 

Tiv apxiv = Tods dpxovras, as we say ‘the government,’ 
meaning the members of it. 


91-2. Brafépevor . . Adyou ‘using every effort to damage one 
on any and every pretext.’ PidfeoPa: with infin. is not the most 


218 NOTES. 


common construction; we have, however, éSidcavro mpos rv 
Addov éAOeiv, Thucyd. 7, 79,1, and ed Bidforro dudce leva, id. 4, 
PSF 


92. rf § Ov «.7.A. Their action neither did me harm nor 
them good. What would they have done if they had seen their 
way to secure both those objects ? 


94. ottwes, see on 1, 31. 


95. wavta . . Tod ddlkov ‘they regard injustice with absolute 
indifference.’ epl é\drrovos vide Clyde, § 83 a. 


98. dAvydpws ‘ contemptuously,’ ¢.e. towards the authority of 
the people. 


100. od8 érexelpnoay ‘ did not so much as attempt.’ 


101. reripwpye bar ‘that they had punished me.’ rimwpéw 1 
help.’ rizwpoduat ‘I help or avenge myself.’ The perf. pass. 
TeTiuwpnuat is used as a middle, 


102. 1rd mépas ‘finally :’ an unusual expression for zrépas as 
used by Demosthenes and others. It is another of the expres- 
sions alleged as arguments against the genuineness of the 
speech. 


éfAacav. The speaker is pleading against a fine, not the 
driyuta which might have been inflicted. But he says they 
‘drove him from the city,’ meaning that the result of the suit, 
if unfavourable, will practically compel him to leave Athens 
vide infra, § 21. = 


103-4. émuxptipacbar . . érotjoavro ‘they didn’t care at all 
to disguise their injustice.’ For émixpvwacOa, see ii. 1. 126. 


104-6. mapayaydvres .. Aoopoter ‘they bring me into court 
again on the same charge, and though I have committed no 
crime they lay information against me and vituperate me.’ 
The second trial of the speaker is for not paying the fine, not 
for the original crime of slander. But he maintains that it is 
practically the same charge, and that the old points have been 
gone over against him, For émSexvdovor in this sense, see 
Arist. Eq. 349, 832. It refers not to any particular legal form, 
but to the oratorical display on the part of the prosecutor. 
For twapayayévtes, see below, 1. 127, ‘having brought me 
before (wapd) the court.’ 


108. trois 8 atrav .. cvvadas ‘but such as exactly suit 
and harmonise with their own characters.’ 





Itt. 219 


113-14. rots BAriov . . Bovdevrapévous ‘those who came to 21 


a better and an equitable decision,’ ¢.¢. the raular, who remitted 
the fine. 


115. vépous ‘customs,’ 


116. Aducnkdres . . halvovrar ‘have clearly done nothing 
illegal.’ For construction see on ]. 56-58, 


119. yobpevos rerax Oar x.t.A. ‘thinking it an established 
maxim to do ill to your enemies, good to your friends.’ This 
candid avowal of the exact converse of the Christian ethical 
rule may be illustrated from various parts of Greek literature. 
Hesiod [W. and D. 340-351] partly enunciates it: tov gidéov7’ 
éml Oaira xadeiv, tov & éxOpov éGoar.. Tov giréovra Pideiv. 
Euripides [Fr. inc. 66 a and b] twice expresses it in words very 
like our author’s: véuos tov éxOpov Spay, Srov AdBys, Kakds, 
and éx6pdv xaxds Spav dvipds tryotuar pépos. Cf. Asch. Pr. V. 
1043 ; Choeph. 122; Soph. Antig. 643. Plato [Repub. i. 332] 
from a line of Simonides deduces a definition of justice, rods 
@idous 0 toety Kal rods éxOpods xax@s. And Isocrates [ad 
Demonic. 26] gives as a maxim, dsuolws aloxpov voutve TOv Ex Opav 
viKado Oat Tals Kakorroias Kal Tov ditwy ATTacOae Tails evepyeciats. 


123. kaxlay ‘viciousness.” He would not be likely to say 
that he was ruined by the ‘ vice of the State,’ nor would this 
harmonise with ay uadAov AuTnOeinv. Reiske thinks that some 
word is lost after mé\ews, such as crepeOfvac or éxreceiv. He 
means, ‘If I am cast in this suit I shall not have the credit of 
being the victim of private enmity, but shall be thought to 
have been banished for some real misconduct.’ 


127-8. mapaxQels, see on 1. 104. The participle is not 
included in the condition: ‘for, having been thus brought 
before you by these men, if I should be (as I ought not to be) 
convicted, I should run away.’ 

GroSpainv dv. He means that he shall be practically obliged 
to leave Athens, even though he may not be driuos. The word 
dmodidpdoxery seems to indicate a ‘running away to escape 
punishment,’ and not to be used in the technical sense of being 
disfranchised or banished. A man entered in the register as 
owing a fine was ipso facto disfranchised until it was paid. 


129. StavonPévra. Underst. cuurodcrever dar. 
132. 1d Slkavov ‘justice.’ 
134, cvyyvapny tovetoGe ‘ you grant pardon ;’ the more usual 


220 NOTES. 


phrase is o. éxere. L. & Se. quote an instance of cvyyrduny 
mwovetc Oat from Herod. 2, 110. 


Tous pydiv ddixqoavras. He uses the plural to give it a less 
verscnal sound, but he means himself, and refers to this par- 
ticular charge, and therefore employs the aorist. 


185. 80 iSlas exOpas, belonging to repurecdvras, is out of its 
place in the sentence for the sake of emphasis. The order 
follows the order of the importance of the ideas: the two which 
require special prominence are his own innocence and the 
private ill-will of his prosecutors, 


ORATION IV. [10.] 


[The last case arose from a charge of slandering a magistrate ; 
we now have a case of the slander of a private person in a speech 
delivered apparently in the Ecclesia. 

Theomnestus had been impeached (elcayyedla, § 7) by Lysitheos 
for speaking in the assembly after throwing away his shield. He 
was acquitted (§ 22); and then prosecuted for perjury one of the 
witnesses against him, Dionysios, and obtained his disfranchise- 
ment (§ 22); and also brought a suit against a certain Theon for 
slander (§ 12). 

The present speaker had been one of the witnesses against 
Theomnestus, who in his reply had asserted that he had killed his 
own father. Thereupon the speaker prosecuted Theomnestus for 
slander, and the case (dixy kaxoXoylas), having first been heard 
before an arbitrator (§ 6), was tried before an ordinary court under 
the presidency of the Thesmothetz. 

The speech, in itself spirited and interesting, is curious from the 
line of defence set up by Theomnestus. He seems to have ad- 
mitted the fact, but to have pleaded that his words were not action- 
able, because he had used the expression dzroxrovévat, whereas the 
word forbidden (dmoppynrov) in the law was dvdpoddévos. The 
speech therefore is in a great degree taken up with this special 
plea, showing its absurdity by quotations from old laws, still in 
force, though containing obsolete words. 

For the law of slander, see Orat. iii. 1. 58. The penalty for 
the offence was a fine of 500 drachme [§ 12]. 

The date of the speech is shown by § 4. He says that it is the 
twentieth year since the restoration of the Democracy, which took 
place in 404-3 B.c. The date therefore is B.c. 384-3. 

Readers of Aristophanes will know how common the imputation 
of this act of cowardice, ‘throwing away the shield,’ was, and how 


oe. et ee ee, ee 


iy. 221 


Cleonymus is again and again attacked for it. Vide Vesp. 19, 82-3; 
Av. 289, 1481. The motive of course of throwing away the heavy 
shield was to fly more quickly. Cf. Thucyd. vii. 45, 2, after the 
unsuccessful attack on Epipole, Sarda pévros é7t trelw H Kara Tods 
vexpovds é\jpOn, which he explains by stating that in retreating 
down the high ground they threw away their shields, and some 
escaped and others were killed. Cf. Horace’s description of his 
retreat at Philippi, relicta non bene parmula.] 





8. Sixd{ovras ‘ sitting on the jury.’ 22 


4-5, elotyyedAe . . Snpnyopetv ‘was impeaching Theomnes- 
tus for speaking in the assembly after having thrown away his 
shield.’ A man guilty of cowardice in the field was tried before 
the Strategi ; but in this case Lysitheus seems to have accused 
him of ‘ speaking in the assembly’ after having been guilty of 
such a crime, the penalty of which was drmla. But though 
the impeachment was raised on this issue, the whole case would 
depend on the proof of his having ‘thrown away his shield,’ 
without proof of which the other charge necessarily fell to the 
ground. The elcayyedla seems to have been to the Ecclesia, 
not the Boulé. The infinitive after eicayyé\A\ew is not common. 


5. ovk ébv ‘when it was not lawful for him to do so:’ 
because if he had shown cowardice he was drimos. ois éeore 
is the phrase describing men without any disability in respect 
to any civil function. 


9. datdov ‘ common-place and insignificant.’ 
Hyoupnv ‘I should have considered :’ for 4» omitted, see 
ii, 1, 216 


12. dird8tkov ‘ pettifogeing’ or ‘litigious.’ dixdferOar ‘to go 
to law with;’ ducdfew ‘to act as judge.’ The offence, as in Lat., 
is in the genitive, kaxnyoplas ‘for slander.’ 


13. vuvi 8 ‘but in the circumstances,’ 7.e. considering what 
a dreadful thing he has said of me. Cf. i. 1. 3. 


14. oftw mwoddod . . médet ‘a man who had performed such 
notable services to you and the State.’ 





17. ealpersv éore ‘the special privilege is allowed,’ a 
metaphor from the division of booty. 


18. 8 re dv BotAnrar. Cf il. 8. 
19-21. éuol . . rovrl. This serves to date the speech ; he 23 


222 NOTES, 


says, ‘ this is the twentieth year since the restoration,’ 7.¢. since 
the re-establishment of the Democracy after the rule of the 
Thirty Tyrants ; that is, the year B.c. 384-8. He himself is now 
thirty-three, and therefore was thirteen in the year of anarchy. 


23. otre th éorw . . Ariordpnv ‘could neither have any 
understanding of what constitutes an oligarchy.’ 


24, éxelvw i.e. my father. 


25. kal pév 84 ‘Now, to begin with, I could have had no good 
reason to have wished his death as far as money went.’ kal &} 
introduces a point in his argument, and wéy points to a sup- 
pressed but implied clause which should have been introduced 
by 6é, ‘And I wouldn’t have wished it even if I could have had 
such reason to do so.’ 


30. mpoofKé pou ‘it was for my interest.’ 


? 


32. oxeddv érloracbe ‘you know well enough :’ so we use 
‘pretty well’ almost ironically for ‘quite well.’ 


35. mpds tpads ‘before you.’ 


36. mpds Tov Starrynrhy ‘before the arbitrator.’ The case 
had been tried before one of the forty official arbitrators [four of 
whom were annually elected by lot from each tribe]. Against 
their decisions there was always an appeal ; and before the time 
of Demosthenes all civil suits were heard first before one of 
them, that, if possible, an appeal to a higher court might be 
saved. It seems uncertain when this ceased to be the invariable 
practice ; it had evidently been followed in this case. 


37. tdv a&troppfrav ‘one of the forbidden words,’ i.e. one of 
the words for which a man might be prosecuted for libel if he 
applied it to another. 


39. odk drayopevew ‘does not forbid.’ ‘The infinitive in 24 


indirect discourse regularly has ov, not uy, to retain the nega- 
tive of the direct discourse ; but some exceptions occur. —Good- 
win, § 283, 3. Cf. Madv. § 205. 


ovk édv ‘prohibits ;’ the negative, as in od gyul ‘nego,’ is 
inseparable from this verb in this sense. 

41-42. édvoparey ‘words.’ Not the letters, but the spirit. 

Tis . . Siavolas ‘their meaning.’ 

Siahéperfar ‘curare,’ ‘to care about,’ ‘take into account.’ 


Ly 223 


Dem. Phil. i. p. 112: ddoxew & elpyynv dyew domep éxetvos ob 
Siapépoma = o8 por Siapéper. 


46. mepl évds, sc. dvéuaros. ‘When he mentioned one term 
(for the act) his meaning embraced all.’ He clearly showed his 
intention as to any other term that might be used. 


48. 8Hrov ‘I presume,’ introducing what seems to the speaker 
an absurd case. Note: the negative stands first in such 
sentences in Greek, for it is the emphatic word, but in English 
we must put it more closely with the verb. ‘For I presume 
you would not have held a man guilty who called you a father- 
beater, and yet have looked on him as innocent if he had said 
that you ‘‘struck ” your father.’ Or, ‘I presume you would no 
more have held a man innocent of slander who said that you 
‘*struck” your parent, than if he had said that you were a 
‘* parent-beater.”’’ 


If od is taken with the first clause, 8€ must be translated ‘and 
yet.’ 


53. wep rotro yap z.¢. on the subject of throwing away a 
shield; of which Theomnestus had been accused, and ac- 
quitted: hence xal move Kat Néyew. 


56. pdcxy ‘assert.’ There seems often an idea of insincerity 
or malice attached to this word. See Index, 


imd8tkov ‘liable to be prosecuted.’ 


57. ovk ‘nonne.’ GAN é&qpke . . aroBeBAnKévat ‘but in 
the case of some one saying that you had thrown away your 
shield, would you have been satisfied with saying, ‘‘Oh, it’s 
nothing to me, for ‘throwing’ and ‘flinging’ are two different 
things ” ?’ 


60-4. dmodéEato. ‘Nor could you admit the charge, if you 
were one of the eleven, and-a person arrested another complaining 
that his ‘‘cleak-or shirt had been stripped off;” but°on this 
same principle you would have to let the prisoner off, because 
he was not specifically called a Awirodvrns.) 

The Eleven [ten magistrates elected ond from each tribe, with 
a clerk] had twofold functions : 


J, Administrative— 
(a) They ‘had the care of the prison, were responsible for 


the safe custody of the prisoners, and for their recapture if 
they escaped. 


224 NOTES. 


(b) Consequently they had to see that executions were 
carried out by the public executioner (dyudxowvos). 

(c) They were present at the examination by torture of 
slaves. 

(ad) They had cognisance of the lists of confiscated pro- 
perty before they were brought into court; and after the 
court decided were charged with the execution of the 
decree. 


II. Judicial— 
(a) Criminal cases generally to which the death penalty 
was attached. 
(6) Cases of State debtors refusing to pay. 
(c) Cases of summary arrest (draywy7). 


It is in this last capacity that they are referred to here. 
They could not, however, inflict the penalty in the cases in 
which they acted as magistrates, unless the accused confessed ; 
if he did not do so, they had only the power of bringing the 
case into the regular court (elcaywyi els Td StkacrHptov). 


G@mdyou ‘summarily arrest.’ Three ways of proceeding in 
criminal charges will be useful to observe as covering a large 
number of cases— 

(1) To summarily arrest a man and bring him before the 
Eleven [amaywy7] ; in this case he must have been taken in the 
act [ém’ avrodupy, vi. § 85]. 

(2) To bring some magistrate to the spot to witness the 
crime [é¢7ynots, li. § 22]. 

(3) By calling, if possible, bystanders to witness, and then 
laying an information [évdecés] before the magistrate [ii. § 20]. 


Awmodirns ‘a stripper of clothes’ [\Gros S¥w (the feminine 
wn is used in Homer for clothes)]. It is used as a general 
name for a ‘robber from the person in the street.’ 


61. Boisdriov sc. 7d ludriov the outer garment, consisting of 
a square piece of cloth, called also xXaiva. 


XttwvloKos a short close-fitting undergarment with sleeves, 
worn by men, whereas the female garment was called xerénov. 
Sometimes it had only one sleeve, leaving the other arm free ; 
it was then called é&wuls, and was specially the dress of slaves. 
All three might be described by the word xirév. For the two 
mentioned together, see Dem. Mid. 588: dare we poSnbévra 
Tov vuérepov OdpuBov Bouudriov mpoécbar Kal puKxpod yuuvdv év TH 
xirwvlokw yevéobat. See Becker’s Charicles, pp. 415 sq. 


dvSpamrodioris [dvdpdzodov slave, factitive termination—{ew]. 








Ty, 225 


64-5. Another instance. The law punishes an dvéparodiris, 
z.é. one who carries off a man into slavery. If he carried off a 
boy, of course he would be equally guilty. For ayayay, see 
vi. 1. 472. 


67. dv évexa ‘to express which.’ The end of speech is not 
words, but the conveying of ideas, 


70. ot8 els "Apetov wra&yov davaPeBenxévar ‘never to have taken 25 
the trouble to go to the Areopagus when the court was sitting.’ 
A curious instance of a peculiarly Greek idea, that it was 
somewhat disgraceful in a citizen not to be interested in and 
acquainted with the processes in the law courts, assemblies, 
etc. See on viii. 1. 170. fabvplas kal padraxias ‘indifference 
and unmanliness,’ lack of energy. 


72. @évov ‘murder.’ The court of Areopagus had special 
jurisdiction in cases of homicide, 


73. Stapooias ‘the sworn depositions ;’ properly, ‘the cross 
depositions from either side (d:).’ 


74. KaKas &xykoa ‘have been abused,’ 1. 141. 


77. daoKxovta ‘though he pleads that he is a homicide, 
whereas the prosecutor swore that ‘‘he killed.”’ See on 1. 56. 


79. Kal atrds ‘why, you, your very self.’ 


86. oftw . . AapPavew ‘that you should interpret the laws 
just as Iam now doing.’ Cf. Dem. 805, rapa rhv dpyhv iuav 
Bovrypara AaBdy ‘interpreting your wishes by your moments 
of anger.’ 


89. 8iws &v Boddy ‘in whatever sense you please.’ 


93-5. Bore . . wAeovertety ‘that you ought to claim advan- 
tages, not in proportion to your services, but in proportion to 
the injustice you have been able to do without being punished.’ 


99. padety ‘understand.’ 26 


101. GdAG viv ‘even at this late hour,’ even though he has 
never learnt it before. érl to} Bnparos ‘while he is actually 
on the bema,’ though of course he ought to have learnt it before 
coming to court. Bua ‘suggestus’ = (1) the raised dais in the 
Pnyx in which public speakers stood, called also 6 déO0s [Arist. 
Ach, 683, Pax. 680.] (2) Inalaw court there were two furnished 
with seats, one for the prosecutor, and one for the defendant ; 


Q 


226 NOTES. 


hence Demosthenes (in Olympiod. 1176, 31) says, cwwrp éxa- 
Onunv ért rod érépov BHuaros. 


102. mpdypara. See on ii. 1. 3. 


103, Yorwvos, for the x’pBers on which these laws of Solon 
were written, see Orat. xvi., ‘The laws written on wooden 
rollers (doves) and triangular tablets («vpBevs) preserved in the 
Prytaneion, were known as the laws of Solon,’ R. C. J. These 
were written Boverpopndor, t.e. the lines continued from left to 
right, and from right to left. 


104. 88eo8at, infinitive as imperative. moSoxdkky ‘stocks.’ 
Suidas gives two derivations of the word—(1) movs . . kaxGous ; 
(2) movs . . karox7. Hesychius notices both forms, rodoxaxn 
and wodoxdxxyn. The law from which this is an extract is found 
inserted in Demosth. Tim. 733, 105. The wooden stocks (rd 
€dXov) had a hole for the neck and hands and feet. Aristoph. 
Lys. 680, d\X\& TobTwy xphv amacdv és TeTpnupevoy Evrov ’EyxKa- 
Oapudcat AaBovras Tovrovi Tov avxéva. See also Equit. 367. 


105. mpootisjoy have awarded it in addition, t.e. to a fine. 


109. év tats . . vSexa ‘when the eleven were undergoing 
their audit.’ See on iii. 1. 69. 


113. éreyyvav ‘let him give security.’ This quotation must 
consist of two separate phrases, quoted for the sake merely of 
the obsolete word in each. émopxqcavta, which in Lysias’s 
day would mean ‘having sworn falsely,’ is here used for the 
simple éudcavra ‘having s sworn by.’ dpackagew is used for the 
common drodidpdoxew. [Hesychius explains it by xptmrec@at 
dmodidpdoxew ; the former word indicating some confusion 
between Spacka few and dacxadgew (2), or arising from some 
notion of secrecy in dpackdgew ‘to effect one’s escape like a 
runaway slave.’ Cf. ¢dcxw.] 


117. amidAAe ‘shuts to’ [‘dari\\w, better direiAXw from root 
FexX, whence etAw ei\éw Gd-v-o1-s, a chain—d)-é-cK-opar, ete. 
Curt. Gr. Et., § 656.” R. C. Jebb]. This fragment again is 
quoted without its context merely for the sake of the obsolete 
word drii\Xev. It seems to be referring to the crime of ‘aiding 
and abetting’ a thief. ‘Whoever shuts to the door when a 
thief is inside,’ i.e. to protect him by keeping off help from 
without. 


121. ordoipor ‘ may be put out to interest.’ [Hesych. ex- 
plains cracduevoy by Savecduevov]. Jebb quotes Andok. ~de 


27 














IV. 227 


Red. § 11, dcov yeuol xarécrnoav, quanti mihi steterunt, ‘ cost.’ 
For ordomov ‘ weighable,’ see L. and Sc. . 


126-32. Scar. . Cepdrrovros. These fragments of laws seem 
to refer to assaults on women and slaves, ‘[Except] those 
females who walk about openly,’ ¢.e. for prostitution. ‘ Let 
a man be accountable for damage done to a domestic or female 
slave.’ The elvac seems to be unaccountable without the con- 
text. Of the obsolete words wehacpévws from the perf. part. 
of ¢alvw, of which we have régavra, Aisch. Ag. 374; répacmat, 
Soph. O. C. 1543, etc. And the participle mepacuévos in 
Betis Poems, xiii. 71: see Veitch. oAotvra, survived in 

oetical language, Aisch. P. V. 645, as also the active modéw. 

n prose the compound repuro\éw was still in use, and is found 
in Plato, Xenophon, etc., and zepioXos a patrol, in Thucydides, 
etc. olkyos (olkeds) equivalent to ofxérov, is often found in 
Homer, and oéxeds once in Sophocles (0. T. 756). For Oepatrav, 
see on Orat. ii. 1. 105. 


133-5. ot8ypots ‘stupid.’ The only other use of this word, in 
an intellectual sense, is in Aischines, where it appears to mean 
‘stubborn’ or ‘stern.’ viv te kal maXat ‘perpetual’ or ‘com- 
mon to antiquity and to us.’ 


: 138. tot Bhparos ‘the platform of the defendant.’ See on 
. 101. 


141. dkotoal twa ‘that one should be said,’ 1. 74. 


143. yotv ‘at least.’ -yodv introduces a reason for thinking 28 
that what has been said is true, or at least reasonable. 


144. rovatrny yvopuny exew ‘to have such an idea current 
about me.’ ‘yvwun here stands for the opinion, not of the 
speaker, but that held about him, his ‘reputation.’ Cf. the 
use of opinio. 


146. ris cupdopds, the consequences of a conviction, i.e. 
ariyuta. [Cf. Demosth. Mid. 533: ofros dorparelas éddw Kal 
Kéxpntat cuunpopd. The Latin calamitas is used in the same 
sense]; whereas if the speaker could be shown to deserve the 
imputation of parricide the penalty would be death. 


147. GAAG . . Arlpwoev ‘nay, he even secured the dis- 
franchisement of the man who gave evidence against him,’ 7.e, 
for perjury. 


148. éxetvo, z.c. the throwing away of his shield. 


152-3. ov8évos . . GAdorerat ‘whereas his penalty, if con- 
victed of slander, would be not at all equal to his deserts.’ 


228 NOTES. 


154. rlvos . . éykAnpatos ‘what charge have you against 
me that should prevent it?’ For constr. and meaning see viii. 
E78. 


155. mérepov—dxykoa ‘can it be because I have deserved the 
imputation ?” 

156. BeArlwv kal é PeAridvev ‘a better man and of better 
extraction.’ For the importance attached to family, see Orat. 
vi. § 64, and cf. Arist. Eq. 185; Ran. 727 sq. The opposite 
would be zrovypds kal ék movnpar. 


159. GAN .. Katerk&acra. ‘well, this is not the story 
which has been spread broadcast through the city.’ There is 
a notion of hostility in the word,—‘ against him or me,’ cf. Plat. 
Apol. 18 ¢, of ravrnv riv phuny Kareckeddcartes 


164. Avovicvov the witness who had been disfranchised for 
perjury. oupdopd t.e. driula. See supra, 1. 146. 


166-171. elnpev . . xpyo0at. The words of Dionysius are 
given first as indirect speech, and the perfect optative is used ; 
and then, as often in Greek, the very words are given with the 
verbs in the indicative, dwéOavov . . éadwxact. . Fv. Good- 
win, § 242b. orparefay cogn. accus., Goodwin, § 158. xpeir- 
tov—jy avr ‘it had been better for him.’ For the omission of 
ay see Goodwin, § 222, note 1. 


172. 1a mpoofkovra sc, dxovew, ‘as he deserves.’ iii. 1. 6. 


173. twapa tods vépous, joined with op. and Aéyorrt, ‘using 29 
words forbidden by the laws.’ 


178. otre tots rodeplois k.7.A. 7c. was never taken prisoner. 


180. dddAev edOivnv ‘was cast in a suit on his audit,’ zc. so 
conducted every office he held as never to lose a suit brought 
against him when he stood his examination after it. ev@tvn 
(see iii, 1, 19) is here used not for the audit itself, but for 
a suit in regard to it. dpe evOivny as dpreiv Sixny, Andoc. 
i. § 73. [Le. and Sc. would alter the form ev@vvny to evOvvay 
here and in other places. ] 


181. é&y ddAtyapxla ze. during the reign of the Thirty. 
&réavev ‘he was put to death,’ vi. 1. 474. ~ 


188. éxelvov sc. the father. ‘As though it were his father 
and not himself who had been slandered.’ He argues that to 
be said to have been murdered by his son was an insult to the 
father’s memory. 


a 








rv. 229 


184-186. dyv.apérepov ‘more distressing.’ alrtay ‘reproach,’ 
‘slur on his memory.’ dvypnotat, drvacpéw, ‘to be fad away 


186-90. o& fx . . Sadta. He means that his father, having 
brought home his own arms and trophies taken from the 
enemy, has dedicated them in temples at Athens, whereas the 
defendant’s shield, having been thrown away, is hung up asa 
trophy in an enemy’s temple. pds ‘at,’ not inside, but either 
on the walls or near the temple. dwdxara: ‘are dedicated, 
‘laid up.’ For such a dedication of spoils taken in war, see 
Thucyd. 3, 114, ra de viv dvaxelueva oxtda & Trois ’ATTiKois 
iepots. otpdvros ‘inborn,’ ‘hereditary.’ 


192. rds Spas ‘outward appearance.” Cf. viii. 1 155. 
veayias ‘gallant.’ Cf. Dem. de Cor. § 313, év ricw of ov vearias 
cai ryvixa Naurpés; hence the verb reanevecOa:, ‘to swagger 
like a youth,’ and in later Gk. to ‘act with spirit.’ 


194. Wuxas animes, ‘ courage.’ 


196. épywGels ‘in a moment of anger.’ Obs, the aorist of a 
momentary effect. 


199. otSeplay . . Siwor ‘makes no allowance for.’ 


202-3. ov yap ww qSav ‘for I had yet to learn.” ‘I did not 
know then, nor do I think now.’ ‘ovs pév l8évras ‘those who 
saw the shield thrown away.’ 


206. xarayndicacba: ‘condemn,’ ‘to give votes against.’ 
xara in composition with a verb takes a genitive when its sense 
is adverse or hostile ; when its sense is completion, it takes the 
accusative. The opposite ‘to acquit’ is droym¢ifec@ar. Each 
dicast had two ya given him, one for acquittal, the other for 
condemnation, distinguished either by colour, or by being 
pierced ; and he put into a voting box whichever he pleased. 
For various methods of doing this, see Dict. of Ant., Article 
Yidos, and cf. Orat. vi. § 37. 


209. 8s povos . . mayew. ‘I, who all by myself, as soon as I 
had come of age, indicted the Thirty (for murder) before the 
court of the Areopagus.’ The time of the doxiuacia of Athenian 
youths, like that of the assumption of the toga ririlis at Rome, 
is a matter of some doubt, and probably varied according to cir- 
cumstances. Different ages from fourteen to eighteen have been 
assigned ; but what seems certain is that it was not later than 
the eighteenth year, and that the youth, thenceforth called 
&gnSes, was on passing the scrutiny enrolled on the register (rd 


230 NOTES. 


Antcapxixdv) of his deme; and having taken the oath as citizen 
was armed publicly, and could thenceforth marry, appear in 
the law courts, and perform other civil functions; but even 
then he had to do frontier duty as a zeplrodos for two years 
before having the right of voting in the Ecclesia. This interval 
was expressed by éml deres HBAca. See, for a fuller discussion, 
Becker's Charicles, p. 239. Hermann’s Polit. Antiquities, p. 
239-40. Cp. xvi. § 9. The object of this dox:macla was chiefly 
to secure the purity—in point of extraction—of citizens entered 
on the registers of the demes, and it was always subject to a 
revision by a dixn gevias. 

He says ‘directly I came of age’: we know from § 4 that 
in 404-3 B.c. he was thirteen ; if the doxuacla is to be taken 
as in the eighteenth year, this would date his indictment of 
the Thirty as taking place 399-8 ; ‘of the Thirty only Pheidon 
and Eratosthenes stayed at Athens; and we may gather from 
this that Eratosthenes probably escaped the penalty of death 
when impeached by Lysias in 403.’ R. C. Jebb, Aiétic Or., i. 
296. 


213, rots SpKots ots ‘the oaths which you have taken ;’ ols is 
attracted into the case of its antecedent. Goodwin, § 153. 


ORATION V. [12]. 


[This Oration possesses unique historical value, as being an 
exposition, though from a partizan point of view, of the conduct and 
policy of the Thirty Tyrants, composed immediately after their 
expulsion by one who had had personal experience of their rule, 
and who from his own sufferings would be likely to put every point 
against them with the most telling force. At the same time we 
must remember that it was addressed to an audience who also 
knew accurately the facts of the case, which would be a check on 
excessive exaggeration or directly false statement. 

Athens is taken by Lysander in the spring of B.c..404 [17th of 
Munychion (3d April), Plut. Lysand. 15: see Clinton], and the 
Thirty are soon after established, and retain power till November 
(Poseideon). 

Early in their career they began to feel the want of money, and 
having exhausted the gains to be made by the death and confisca- 
tion of certain notorious characters, they resolve on using a similar 
severity towards certain rich resident aliens, who were known to 
be disinclined to the Revolution. 

Ten are first selected, including two of small means to elude 





VV. U5: 1 


the imputation of interested motives; and among the first to be 
attacked were Lysias and his brother Polemarchus, who were 
carrying on a prosperous trade as armourers. Polemarchus is 
seized and put to death. But Lysias managed by liberal bribes to 
secure the connivance of his captors in his flight. He escaped to 
Megara, and shared in the subsequent return of the popular party, 
giving them such substantial assistance that he was at once granted 
citizenship, though this grant was immediately cancelled as illegal, 
and he subsequently resided in Athens as an Isoteles. 

In November—December, 404 B.c., those of the Thirty who 
were still alive retreated from Athens to Eleusis, with the exception 
of two, Pheidon and Eratosthenes. Their government was replaced 
by a board of Ten, of which Pheidon was one. 

Thfasybulus establishes himself in Phylé in September, and 
afterwards in the Peiraeus, in November—December (Poseideon), 
B.c. 404, and in the early months of the following year, B.c. 403, 
carried on war against the Ten who succeeded the Thirty. 

This eventually resulted in the victory of the popular party, the 
deposition of the Ten, and the return of the fugitives to Athens, 
about June B.c. 403; and by August of that year the old con- 
stitution was completely restored. Almost immediately after this 
Lysias impeached Eratosthenes, as the member of the Thirty who had 
arrested him, for the murder of Polemarchus, and for his general 
conduct as one of the Thirty ;—probably on his giving an account of 
his office (ef@vyaz), and before the expedition which took place 
later in the year to drive the Thirty from Eleusis, § 80. [See 
Professor Jebb, Attic Orat., vol. i. pp. 261-4.] If this supposition 
be right, the trial would be before an ordinary Hetiastic Court. 

This account of the Thirty should be compared with that of 
Xenophon [Hell. ii. 3-4]. See also Appendix, ‘The Thirty.’ 

Lysias was able to impeach Eratosthenes, because the members 
of the Thirty, the Ten, and the Eleven, who served the Thirty, were 
expressly exempted from the amnesty (Hell. 2, 4, 38); unless 
they would submit to a scrutiny, Andoc. i. § 90. For the result 
of the trial, see on iv. 1. 209.] 


4. pyr Gv WedSdpevov. . . ka 
took to lying could a man make his accusations worse than the 
7. awemedy ‘to give in,’ ‘to be tired.’ tov xpévov. The 
reference seems general, not to any particular time allowed for 
his speech. 
9. mpd rod ‘before this.’ Goodwin, § 143, 2. 
15. otxefas ‘ personal,’ because the accused had been the cause 
of the death of his brother. 


‘not even if he 3l 


232 NOTES. 
16. adbovias . . dpylterGat ‘infinite motives for anger.’ 


18. otf guavrod maémote . . Karnyopetv. This speech of 
Lysias (B.c. 403, soon after the final defeat of the oligarchs) 
was his first. Perhaps the reputation it gained him suggested 
to him professional speech-writing as a means of repairing the 
losses he had suffered under the Thirty. 


22-25, ph .. worhowpar, for subj. after the historic tense 
xaréorny see Goodwin, § 216, 2. 80 &axlorev ‘in the fewest 
words possible.’ 


27. émeloOyn td Ilepixdéovs. He was persuaded by Pericles 32 
to come to Athens from Syracuse. See Life, § 1. 


29. Slknv otre . . ébiyowev ‘we were never prosecutors or 
defendants on any private suit whatever.’ 


83. cukopdvrat ‘vexatious.’ See on ii. 1. 140. 
84. pdoxovres ‘pretending.’ See on iy. 1. 56. 


40-1. Ogoyvis—xal Ilelowv. These two names are in the list 
of the Thirty given by Xenophon (Hell. 2, 3,2). We do not hear 
of them again. The proposal here attributed to them was, that 
each of the Thirty should select one Metic for confiscation. 
This detail,—the selection first of ten, among whom were to be 
two poor men to avoid the scandal of interested motives,—we 
owe to Lysias. ty todtrela &xOdpevor ‘disaffected to the con- 
stitution,’ 7.e. to the government of the Thirty. 


43-4, to 8 Epyw ‘but in reality,’ answering to doxeiv, [equivalent 
to the usual opposite of &pyy, t.¢. Aéyw] ‘an excellent pretext 
for pretending to punish, but in reality for making money.’ 
For Soxetvy = ‘pretend,’ cf. Arist. Ran. 564; Nub. 1174; Eur. 
Med. 79. rhv—dpxqv ‘the government.’ See iv. 1. 90. 


47. amepl ovSévos Hyotvro ‘they made no scruple,’ ‘they cared 
nothing at all.’ See ii. 1. 162. 


48. okev . . Ska. Xenophon [Hell. 2, 3, 21], says that the 
Thirty agreed to take one each. But the number seems too 
large to have been at once arrested. And probably Lysias, giving 
more full details, is right in saying that they began with ten. 
Bremi supposes the number to have been reduced in deference 
to the relament remonstrances of Theramenes. Others would 
alter déxa to rpidkovra, but see on 1. 76. 


50. mpods tovs dAdovs ‘in the case of the others,’ i.e, the rich 
ones. 


a> 








ve 233 


52-8. Gomwep TL. . Tweroinkdtes ‘by pointing to the fact of. 
their having carried out some of the other executions from dis- 
interested motives.’ t&v d\d\wr t.e. the two poor men, answer- 
ing to rods &\Xovs in]. 50. e’Adyws in a good sense opposed 
to edmperds. StadraBdvres ‘having distributed the houses to be 
visited between them.’ 


56. eis 1d épyaorhpioy ‘to the workshop.’ Lysias had in 33 
artnership with his brother a manufactory of arms (§ 19). 
Pris steck does not seem to have been forfeited, as we find him 
afterwards supplying the Demus with 200 shields. Vide Life, § 8. 


GvSpdroda . . amreypddovto ‘had a list of the slaves made,’ 
z.e. by their clerk. This is the force of the middle, the clerk 
dréypaye. See Herod. 7,100. For the employment of slaves 
in manufactories, see Dem. Aph. 816, where he says that his 
father had two workshops, one of the same kind as this of 
Lysias, where he had thirty-two or thirty-three slaves, and one 
upholsterer’s workshop, where he had twenty slaves at work. 
See Becker’s Charicles, p. 303. 


59. &hackev ‘said yes.’ 


62. vop(te ‘believed in.” ‘I knew that he regarded nothing 
human or divine neither in gods nor men,’ ¢.e, that from fear 
neither of gods nor men would he feel bound by an oath. voulfee 
would properly apply only to @eods. Cp. Arist. Nub. 818, etc. 
The expression is sincat proverbial, and made more forcible by 
the zeugma. It is put more fully in regard to the unjust judge 
(S. Luke xviii. 2), rov Oedv uh PoBovpevos Kal dvOpwrov ph 
évTpem buevos. 


67. tiv KiBwrdv ‘my money chest,’ arca (‘ posita nunc luditur 
arca’). It seems generally used for ‘desk’ or ‘box for docu- 
ments.’ Ar. Eq. 1000. To which meaning there is also a 
reference in Vesp. 1056. Demosthenes uses the diminutive 
form xiBdériov (788 fin.) It was of wood, Arist. Pl. 710-11. 
Swpdriov cubiculum. 


72. Kuftkynvods . . Sapexods. The Kyzikene Stater was a 
gold coin equivalent to 28 Attic drachme. Boeckh. p. 23; 
Dem. 914. The Daric, a Persian gold coin circulating in 
Greece, as equivalent to 20 drachme. Boeckh. p. 21. 


drddras patere, ‘flat cups,’ used especially for libations. 
76. MnddBids re kal Mvnow8elSns two of the Thirty. There 
sherefore appear to have been three in each party, which would 


account for the number ten mentioned by Lysias as that selected 
for the first raid on the Metics, Supra, 1. 48. 


234 NOTES. 


82. els Aapvlrrov ‘to the house of Damnippus,’ as above 
els TOO ddeApod Tod éuod. Damnippus was apparently trusted 
by the Thirty, but we know nothing more of him. 


85. érépovs another party of Metics, who had been arrested. 34 
87. es . . %8m ‘for in any case I should have to die.’ tmdp- 
Xxovrtos ‘there was death for me to start with whatever I did.’ 


92. Thv ceavtod Sivapw ‘ everything in your power,’ ‘all the 
assistance you can give.’ Here the singular d¥vayus = duvdpets 
‘ opes.’ 


98. d&phlOupos i.¢. with a back door as well as a front door. 
104. &pevyov. Notice tense, ‘I attempted to escape.’ 


104-6. atrelw Oipa . . tprdv 8 Ovpdv. The arrangement 
most common in a Greek house of any size was an entrance from 
the street by the avAeios O¥pa into a court (avd), round which 
the various rooms were arranged, the whole forming the part 
of the house reserved for men (dvépwviris). This was separated 
by a door (@vpa pécavdos) from another court, which, with its 
surrounding rooms, was reserved for the women (yuvacxoviris). 
Some houses would have only one entrance, while others, if 
their position allowed it, would have another called the xyraia 
@vpa, because it would often open into a garden. Here Lysias 
has to pass (1) the uécavdos Bupa, (2) the knrala Ovpa ; but what 
is the third? Becker suggests a door from the garden into the 
street. It may possibly be that the passage leading from the 
dvipwviris to the yuvacxovtris had two doors, one at each end. 
See Becker’s Charicles, pp. 251 to 271. 


107. eis "Apxévew ‘to the house of Archeneus the ship 
captain.” ’Apxévews-w-y. 


111. S:érAevoa ‘effected a passage to Megara.’ Obs. the 
aorist compared with the imperf. in I. 104. 


112-113. mwapfhyyerav . . wapdyyeApa ‘gave their usual 
order.’ <A word of military origin, from passing the word along 
the ranks, 1. 311. The Thirty had the right of putting any to 
death who were not in the xarddoyos of the Three Thousand. 
See Appendix, ‘The Thirty.’ 


118. eevexOqvat ‘ to be carried out for burial,’ efferri. KAlovov 35 
a small mean hut or bedroom. In Demosth. Mid. 270 it means 
a brothel. It is from root cXt-, kAt-v-w, KAL-vn, ete. See Curtius, 


Me 235 


150. Others have connected it with kXet-, xXel-w, Krel-s, and 
accordingly written it xXeictov. 


129. es rd Snpdcrov ‘to the treasury,’ which let out slaves 
for a profit as private persons did. For the word see.i. 1. 33, 
and ix. 1. 60. 


132. é\ucrijpas ‘earrings of twisted gold.’ Rt. Fed expanded 
to éiu« (cd, éXicow). Curtius, 361. They are enumerated 
among the ornaments of women in a fragment of Aristophanes, 
309. Hesychius has é\xrijpes €v wria, 


140. xopnylas . . eodopas for xopyyia, the expenses of 
equipping a chorus, see Dict. of Ant. The eicgopa was an 
extraordinary property tax, levied generally in war-time. We 
hear of it for the first time during the siege of Mytilene B.c. 
428. See Thucyd. 3, 19. Boeckh. p. 471. Lysias and his 
brother, as Metics, would, unless specially exempt, pay their 
els popa like the rest ; but the xopnyia of a Metic was, it appears, 
confined to the Lenean festival ; the Scholiast on Arist. Plut. 
954 (quoted by Boeckh.), says that consequently others than 
citizens were then only allowed to take part in the choruses. 


142, way 1rd mpootatrépevoy ‘all the legal obligations of a 
Metic.’ See Orat. i. 1. 9. 


144. Avoapévovs ‘though we had ransomed.’ Avew ‘to re- 36 
lease on ransom,’ \vec#ac ‘to obtain the release of a man by 
paying the ransom.’ 


145. odx . . drodtredovro ‘though our conduct, Metics as 
we were, was so much superior to theirs, though they were 
citizens.’ ov x dpolws ‘better,’ an instance of a phrase arising 
from a desire to avoid overstatement. For this figure, called by 
grammarians litotes or miosis, see vi. 1. 186. 


146. wodXots . . &fAacav ic. by their tyranny they drove 
many good men to take refuge with the enemies of Athens, and 
so became hostile to their own city. This is what Theramenes 
urges also in his speech in the defence against Critias, Xen. 
Hell. 2, 3, 42-3. 


149. eens ris wédews ‘deprived of their citizenship. The 
genitive of the part following verbs of sharing, etc., because 
ariwovs elvac = orepnOfvar. See Critical Note on iii. 123. 
Goodwin, § 170, 2. This driwéa does not include confiscation 


of property. 


236 NOTES. 


153. elpyacpévor eolv. Indirect quotations after 871 and ws— 
(1) after primary tense the verb retains mood and tense of direct 
discourse ; (2) after secondary tenses the verb either is changed 
to same tense of opt. or retains its original mood or tense. 
Goodwin, § 242. Here in direct speech the verb would have 
been ovdév elpydopeda. 


154. @Bovdopny Av ‘I could have wished’ ; implying that it 
is vain to wish it now. Jnfra, 600. 


156. avrots rovatra imdpxe ‘have they any such conduct to 
plead ?’ 


161. éumnperdv ‘gratifying to the full.’ Like the Latin 
obsequens. 


164-7. kal mpds. . adrdyv rotrov ‘if with him himself, wretch 
as he is.’ SvadéyeoOat ‘to hold a conversation.” érl—ry¥— 
ddercla . . BAGBY ‘for his good,’ ‘ for his hurt.’ éi with dative 
showing the attending circumstances of an action, 1. 327. Sevov 
Kal evoeBés. The former refers to the avoidance of contamination 
of the person, the latter to his duty to the gods: ‘consistent 
with self-respect and piety.’ 


167. &véByO. ‘mount up on the Pjya,’ ze. the tribune or 
platform of the prosecutor. See iv. 1.101. The evidence was 
taken at a preliminary trial [dvdxpsots), and was read over 
to the witness in court, who was required to signify his assent 
by bowing his head or speaking. Thus Lysias may in writing 
his speech introduce this examination as though it actually 
took place in court. Cf. a similar examination in xi. § 5. 


173-7. wa ph drobdvape . . cdoaas . . amoxrelvats. 
Goodwin, § 216, 2. 


180. él col péve éyévero ‘it depended entirely on you.’ 


186-7. kal piv ‘nay more.’ elwrep ‘admitting that.’ as airo 
apoer&xOn is the object of mirevew in apposition to roiro, ‘the 
fact that he was ordered to do so,’ 


188-9. ob yap . . &dpBavov ‘for he will not say, I presume, 
that in the matter of the Metics they took security of him.’ od 
—84rov, like nisi forte, introduces an absurd or impossible sup- 
pee érel ro. t@ ‘for who, pray, was less likely to have 

een so charged than one who, etc.’ ‘ot introduces what 
appears to the speaker a self-evident truth. For ders, equiva- 
lent to qui with subj., see on i. 1. 30, 


37 


V. 237 


191. d&troScerypévos pass. part. with middle sense. yvapnv 38 
t.¢. his opinion against the murders; the sense is quite clear 
without the addition of évayriay which some editors have made. 


192. ratra cognate accusative sc. radra 7a vtanperquara. 
ois attracted to the case of the antecedent understood after 
avrerévra. Goodwin, § 153, 1. The attraction rarely occurs 
except into genitive and dative. Jb. Note 2. 


198. dtrodéxeoGar ‘ to accept the excuse.’ 


201. tows Gv . . elxere ‘ perhaps you might now pardon him 
with some reason.’ 


202. viv 8 Orat. i. 1.3. mapa trot wore kal ‘from whom in 
the world are you to exact punishment at all?’ 


f 204. pev ‘whereas,’ answered by duels 82. Kal—8) ‘now 
K as P ° : * S 
jagain,’ introduces a new Sate Again, whereas his crime is 
{that he arrested my brother, not in his house but in the street 
; (where he might have let him escape without breaking their 
' orders), you are angry even with those who entered your houses 
| in search of any one of you or yours.’ The point is that it was 
* much more difficult for an emissary of the Thirty to connive 
at an escape of a victim if actually found in his house, and 
yet such agents incurred the popular wrath ; whereas Eratos- 
thenes found Polemarchus in the street, and might have let 
him go without direct breach of orders, and yet did not do 
80. mapdv ace. neut. absol. See ii. 1. 98. 


211-13. éxefvors, 7.e. those who found their victims at home, 
and could not therefore easily connive at their escape. katada- 
Botowy &dpvots yevéobar ‘to deny having found them though 
they had caught them.’ 


214, trata «.7.X. ‘or at any rate that he did not see him.’ 


ann srmeme AA y 
¥ 


215. otf . . exev ‘did not involve or admit of refutation or 
examination by torture.’ 


218. elmep ‘if as you say.’ 
223. rove Se ‘these judges here in court.’ 


224. & tract . . AapBavovras ‘using the facts which they 
know to have actually happened as sure proofs of what was then 
said,’ z.e. by you when you pretend that you spoke against this 
murder. No witnesses can be brought forward, for the debate 


was a secret one among the Thirty. 


238 NOTES. 


227-8, tapetvat sc. in the senate house when the Thirty were 
debating. map atrots elvar ‘to be at home,’ apud se esse, so 
map’ éuol, rap’ viv, ete. 


233. omore ‘seeing that,’ as 8c s for ds, see on 1. 285 and 619. 
i. 1. 30, aoKkwv see on iv. 1. 56, ‘what would you have 
done if you had spoken against the victims, seeing that when 
you allege that you spoke for them you killed Polemarchus ?’ 


234-5, rl Av sc. éroujoare, which is equivalent to caray7- 
gicacbe } dropndicacbe, and therefore the dy really belongs 
to dwoyndicacbe. arebndlracbe ‘would you have voted for 
their acquittal.’ Plur. for sing. 


238-9, dpodoynxev, z.c. by alleging that he spoke against it. 
See 1.175. hv Svapqdiow ‘the decision,’ ¢.c. by a division of 
votes on the preliminary question as to his guilt or innocence, 


246. 1d toov ipiv over ‘will be no worse off than you are,’ 
ze. Will not be punished. 


248. ékkynptrrovoy ‘banish by proclamation.’ The subject of 40 
the verb is the government of the various towns, in which the 
Thirty had taken refuge. The Thirty and their agents, the 
Eleven, were expressly excepted from the amnesty. Xen. Hell. 

2, 4, 38. 


250. # tov ‘of course they will consider that they are giving 
themselves superfluous trouble in avenging them’ (the actual 
sufferers). 


252-256. Referring of course to the condemnation of the 
generals after the battle of Arginuse, B.c. 406. For the hasty 
and illegal condemnation of these generals, see Xen. Hell. 1, 8, 
1-38 ; and also the rapid repentance of the people, i. 39-40. 


256. tovrous 8€ sc. otk dpa xph Kohavecdac; but by what is 
called a rhetorical anacoluthon the object of xp} KoddgecOa: is 
repeated—autrovs xal rods matdas, 


266. tH hebyovre ‘by the defendant’: dat. of the agent, used 
especially with perf. and pluperf. tenses of passive verbs, 
Goodwin, § 188, 3. 

268-9. rovodrwv . . of. See on Orat. vii. 1. 271. 

271 adit@ mpoojke ‘is it open to him.’ 41 


274. &araraorwy, irregularly put for éfararay, which we should 


¥. 239 


expect to answer to undé darodoyetcPa. The speaker having a 
somewhat extended description to give, insensibly adopts the 
indicative as the proper mood fora narrative. Markland wished 
to read éfurarfjoas. 


278. éwel explains ob5é rofro . . mpoojxe, ‘it is not open to 
him to advance this plea, for just bid him state,’ etc. 


280. avrot, ic. the Thirty and their party. 


281-2. # wodwy fv Tia ToLatTyy .. . KareovAdcavro ‘or what 
city they ever gained of such magnitude as yours which they 
enslaved.’ 


282. GAG yap ‘nay, in point of fact,’ almost denique, intro- 
ducing a clinching or decisive question. 


285. otrwes ‘seeing that they actually,’ etc. ‘men that . 
actually,’ etc. Qui dejicerent. Seei. 1. 31. 


288. mepvetXov ‘dismantled,’ z.e. took down the walls round 
the Peiraeus ; one of the conditions enforced by Lysander. He 
here attributes it to the action of the Thirty, though they were 
not officially appointed until afterwards ; but it was their party 
who made the terms with Lysander, and he insinuates that it 
was not from obedience to the orders of Lysander that they 
carried out the work, but for their own party ends, 


295. érl trav rerpaxoolwy ‘at the time of the four hundred,’ 42 
B.c. 411. During the years 412-411 (immediately after the 
Sicilian disaster) the Athenians were making a gallant struggle 
to retain their supremacy over the Islands, everywhere instigated 
by Alcibiades to revolt. The only one which remained faithful 
to them was Samos, in which the democratical party succeeded 
in ousting the oligarchical party ; and there the Athenians had 
for a time a secure base of operations. Meanwhile, Alcibiades, 
wishing to return to Athens, professed to have persuaded Tissa- 
phernes to offer the Athenian generals at Samos an alliance and 
assistance against Sparta, if only an oligarchical form of govern- 
ment were set up in Athens. The army was opposed to this, 
bit some of the generals accepted the proposal, and Pisander 
was sent to Athens to propose it. The oligarchical clubs were 
_ worked by Pisander, Theramenes, and Phrynichus (Thucyd. 
54, 8); and the change to a government of 400, with a select 
ecclesia of 5000 (Thucyd. viii. 67, 8), was voted. The 400, how- 
ever, tried for some time to carry on the government without the 
existence of the 5000. The revolution was frustrated by several 
circumstances :—(1) The Persians, by making a new treaty with 


240 NOTES. 


Sparta, showed that the professions of Alcibiades were false. 
Thucyd. viii. 57-9. (2) The army at Samos, led by Thrasybulus 
and Thrasyllus, declared for the democracy. (Thucyd. viii. 75-6.) 
(3) Dissensions arose in the 400 themselves, the philosophical 
Theramenes insisting on the 5000 being really called into exist- 
ence. (Thucyd. viii. 89.) (4) The Spartans delayed helping the 
oligarchs. (Thucyd. viii. 90-1.) (5) The Spartans freed Euboea, 
thus thoroughly alarming the people, who turned upon the pro- 
Spartan or oligarchical party. Phrynichus was assassinated, 
and Antiphon and Archiptolemus impeached and executed. 
(Thucyd. viii. 90-8.) The only part of the revolutionary pro- 
gramme left was, that the franchise was nominally confined to 
the 5000 (though this was not kept to in practice), and that 
certain official pay was discontinued. 

At the first flush, however, all those who sympathised with 
the oligarchical movement would be anxious to be at Athens to 
take part in it, and Lysias charges Eratosthenes with having 
actually deserted his post in order to be at Athens and share in 
the revolution. ParrociEs is not known from any other source. 


300-1. ravavrla . . émparre ‘he was engaged in intrigues 
against the democratical party.’ 


302. Tov... peratd Blov, ic. his life between 411 B.c. and 405 
B.c., in which year the battle of Zgospotami, 4 vavpaxta, took 
place. 


305. mévre kvSpes hopor. This committee of five, appointed 
by the oligarchical clubs, was the first step towards the revolu- 
tion of the Thirty. (See Appendix ‘The Thirty’). They called 
them ‘Ephors,’ probably in compliment to the Spartans. td 
Tov kadoupévev éralpwv ‘by those who were styled their clubs- 
men.’ The influence of the party clubs is noticed by Thucy- 
dides (3, 82, 11) as one of the effects of the bitter party spirit 
generated by the Peloponnesian war; originally, however, 
though formed for party pursuits (éml dixas kal dpxats, 8, 51, 
4), they were within the lines of the constitution. 


308. av. . Aoav we do not know the names of the other 
three. Probably Theramenes was one, 


309. puddpxous . . pvdakds ‘captains over the guards,’ Ze. 
the guards stationed at the various public places and on the 
walls. These phylarchs would of course be partizans of the 
Thirty, and would secure to them the command of the public 
treasures, and the control over the egress and ingress of suspected 
persons at the city gates. The ¢vAapxoe were properly ten in 
number, one from each tribe, and were especially appointed to 


Af 241 


superintend the cavalry of each tribe. The proper officer in 
command of the gvdaxes was called gpovpapxos. Xen, Cicon. 
9, 15. 


311. waptyyedAov ‘ always passed the word.’ See on]. 112, 
t.e. they sent orders by their clubsmen to see that the votes of 
the ecclesia were such as they required (the ecclesia being still 
nominally supreme). 


314. éreBovdeveoe ‘ you were having plots laid against you.’ 


315-6. Wndloaobe. . Ereobe. For these tenses, see Goodwin, 
§ 217. wodAéev. . beets, i.e. of provisions. For the distress 
of Athens at this time, see Xen. Hell. 2, 2, 11, éwel wavred&s 
Hon 6 otros éwtedolwet, K.T.D. 


316-8. rt. . Erovrat . . Suvqcovrar. For the tenses, see 43 
Goodwin, § 243. The original mood and tense is retained, for 
they would have said, écdue0a—duvnodueba. 


321-4. rav épdpev ‘one of the Ephors,’ see 1. 305.. rots . 
akotoavras ‘those who heard it from Eratosthenes himself.’ 
He could not bring as witnesses those actually engaged with 
him, because they were all either banished or killed, or were 
afraid to come forward. 


324. érwdpdvovv ‘ were in a right frame of mind.’ 


327-8. ov Av ari piv... él St rots... In English bev may be 
left untranslated, and 6é translated by ‘while.’ éml. . kakois, 
ef. 1. 164-6. 


331. avaByre Cf. 1. 168. 


334-6. Grav 88 mrodd@v ‘but of many measures of a different 
character,’ i.e. bad. py. . jwapavdpws ‘to refuse to hold office 
at all unconstitution: y:’ ‘’wara ‘but if he did do so.’ 


337-8. dev . . pnvbovew. See on 1. 317. Barpaxos kat 
AlcxvAtns two informers employed by the Thirty, whose 
~names we only learn from Lysias. The former is mentioned in 
the xar’ ’Avdoxidov, § 45. (Lysias (?) 6). 


341-7. kal pév 54 . . awortpérovres. His argument is: ‘he 44 
showed his ill-will to the Demus by his silence ; for a hater of the 
Demus lost nothing by saying nothing, as there were plenty to 
do the damage ; while a lover of the Demus could have had no 
fairer rey 2 of showing his goodwill by speaking in its 
defence. ‘at that crisis,’ ‘in those circumstances.’ 

TOs o0K.. Betey ‘ of course they could have shown.’ 


R 


242 NOTES. 


349-55. Smws . . havyoerar . . évavriodpevos ‘ict him, 
however, take care not to be shown to have opposed the Thirty in 
open speech.’ The pres. évavriodmevos is historic. The argu- 
ment is: if he could safely speak against the wishes of the other 
members of the Thirty, it is plain that he had great influence, 
and must be held to have concurred in all their acts which he 
did not openly disapprove. GAAG ph trtp Onpapévovs. We do 
not hear of Eratosthenes’ defence of Theramenes, but we know 
generally that he was of his party, and was one of the two 
moderates who afterwards remained in Athens when the rest of 
the Thirty retired to Eleusis. 


359. @s . . Taparriow ‘as I will in both points establish by 45 
many proofs.’ wapacrjow ‘I will bring it before you.’ Cf. 
the use of the intrans. tenses, infra 1. 429. 


361. ratra z.c. the confiscations, murders, etc., which the 
Thirty were carrying out. émétepor ‘which of the two parties 
in the Thirty,’ z.e. the extreme party, headed by Critias and 
Charicles ; or the moderate party, headed by Theramenes and 
Pheidon, 


364. OparvBotrAov. See Appendix, ‘The Thirty.’ Thrasy- 
bulus seized Phylé in September and held it through the winter 
of B.c. 404, as is evident from the storm of snow mentioned both 
by Xenophon (Hell. 2, 4,3) and Diodorus (14, 32). PHyYLh was 
a strong pee commanding the pass over Mt. Parnes, by which 
the road from Thebes to Athens lay, and was 100 stades (about 
12 miles) from Athens. Thrasybulus had before shown his 
devotion to the democracy, see note on 1, 295. 


367-70. &6av . . Kkatepndleatro ‘he went with his col- 
leagues (the Thirty) to Salamis and Eleusis, and haled to 
prison three hundred of the citizens, and voted for their death 
—one vote being passed upon them in a mass.’ This took 

lace after Thrasybulus, in Sept. 404, had occupied Phylé. 
The Thirty determined to secure Eleusis as a place of retreat ; 
and in order to do this, under pretext of taking a list of citizens 
in Eleusis fiێ to act as guards, etc., got all suspected of being 
opposed to them into their hands; and, next day, summoning 
a meeting of the Hoplites included in the ‘Catalogue,’ and the 
Knights in the Odeon, they secured a vote condemning them 
all to death (Xen. Hell. 2, 4, 8-10). Xenophon only mentions 
Eleusinians, but Diodorus (14, 32) adds also Salaminians. See 
Appendix, ‘The Thirty.’ Lysias is careful to say, pug Wide ; 
for it was against the law to condemn a number of citizens by 
one vote of the ecclesia, Each should be subjected to a vote 


a6 243 


individually, in accordance with the pi¢ioua Kavydvov ; a con- 
stitutional principle violated in the condemnation of the generals 
after Arginuse (Xen. 1, 7, 21-37). Hesychius gives the decrec 
thus (s.v. Kavydvov) dvecAnuevous rods Kpwvouévous éxarépwlev d1ro- 
AoyetoOaz. Of Cannonus we know nothing else. 


371. éredi . . HAOopev. Late in the year 404 Thrasybulus 
succeeding in entering the Peireus and occupying the eastern 
elevation Munychia, the party of the Thirty occupied the Agora 
of the western town; and after a battle in which Critias and 
Hippomachus were killed, the party of Thrasybulus occupied 
the entire Peirzus, and to them flowed in from all sides mem- 
bers of the democratical party from their places of exile, or 
escaping from the city (derv) itself. 


372. SvaddAayv ‘there followed attempts at coming to terms.’ 
The remaining members of the Thirty (except Pheidon and 
Eratosthenes) retired to Eleusis, and Ten were elected to conduct 
the government. Diodorus (14,33) says that they were simply 
elected as ambassadors with full powers to make the peace. 
They, however, acted much in the spirit of the Thirty. 


375. Kpelrrovs Syres ‘having got the upper hand,’ ¢.¢. in the 
fight between the party of the City and that of the Peireus. 
avrovs the remains of the army of the City who stayed for a 
time to try and make terms. Nep. Thrasyb. 2, 6. 


376. of 88 cis 7b dorru EXOdvres ‘ but they went to the upper city 
and expelled.’ &orv Athens proper is so called, as distinguished 
from the lower town or Peireus. Thus the Thirty had imme- 
diately after the death of Theramenes forbidden all whom they 
did not trust to enter 7d dorv, confining them to the Peirzus. 
Xen. Hell. 2, 4, 1. The meaning of dorv as a general term for 
what we should call ‘the capital’ is illustrated by Isocr. xvi. 
§ 27, where the speaker says that some called Athens doru rijs 
*E\Ad6os ‘the capital of Hellas.’ 


381-3. DelBov . . “Immoxdfs . . "Emixdpys. These are the 
only names of the Ten elected after the expulsion of the Thirty 
which we know. 6 Aaparrpeds ‘of the deme Lamptra,’ a deme 
of the tribe Erectheis. 


385-7. ératpela.. See on 1. 305-6. odd peifoy ‘they em- 
bittered the party-feeling, and the war waged by the City party 
against the party of the Peireus.’ 


390. éoractatov ‘they were splitting into parties,’ i.c. in the 46 
Thirty. 


244 NOTES. 


393. ras dpxas ‘their offices.’ The Ten would have all the 
power of supreme government, each in equal degree. 


396-7. éketvor ‘the Thirty.’ tpets he always addresses the 
judges as though they were identified with the popular party. 


401. katayayetv ‘to bring home from exile.’ 


405. @Oadv els AaxeSalnova. When the first attempts at 
coming to terms failed, the Ten, and the remains of the Thirty 
at Eleusis, seem to have made great efforts to induce the Spartans 
to interfere; and eventually, though direct help is refused, 
Lysander obtains them a loan of a hundred talents, and gets 
himself appointed harmost, and his brother Libys admiral (Xen. 
2, 4, 28; Diod. 14, 30); and he would have interfered with 
crushing effect, had it not been for the jealousy or corruption 
of King Pausanias. See Appendix. 


407. Bowrdv. See on xv. 1.175. This was skilfully con- 
trived to arouse Spartan jealousy, and was plausibly supported 
by the fact that the exiled Democrats had been eagerly received 
by various Boeotian towns, and that Thrasybulus had set out 
from Thebes on his expedition to seize Phylé, with the secret 
help, Diodorus (14, 32) assures us, of the Thebans themselves. 


408. od Svvdpevos. Xenophon says nothing about this failure 
to obtain help, but he implies that there were difficulties ; for 
he says that Lysander managed in their behalf (cvvémpater) to 
get them a loan, and have himself appointed harmost. So that 
the most that Sparta did was to appoint a harmost known to 
be hostile to the Democrats, and leave him to do what he liked. 


412. &pxovra, i.e. a harmost, or Spartan ‘resident.’ 


419, e pi 80 &v8pas ayaots ‘and they would have done 47 
so if it had not been for some good loyal men.’ For this 
compressed use of ef wh, cf. Dem. 680, é& ob KupwOévres dy, ef ui 
60 quads, HdlkyvTo ol dvo0 Trav Bacihéwr. Sydrdoare ‘make it clear 
once for all.’ The aor. imperative is used as referring to one 
particular act, z.e. the punishment of Eratosthenes. 


423-4, Syms S€ sc. mapéfoun. dvaratcacbat the speaker 
would sit down and rest, while the clerk read over the deposi- 
tions to the witness, requiring his consent to them by word or 
sign. See oniv. 1.101. os wAelorwv ‘from as many mouths 
as possible.’ 


426, Onpapévovs. For an account of the part played by 


¥, 245 


Theramenes in the Revolution, see Appendix. It may be al- 
lowed to add here that this account of him is from a thoroughly 
unfriendly point of view. I think ,it is clear, from a careful 
review of our authorities, that Theramenes was an honest 
man. But he was a philosopher and a doctrinaire, and had a 
Socratic ideal of a perfect state which, both in the time of the 
Four Hundred and in that of the Thirty, he thought he saw 
his way to realise, but was quickly undeceived by the develop- 
ment of selfish aims in his colleagues. As, therefore, he sym- 
pathised neither with the prejudices of the Democrats, nor the 
self-seeking of the Oligarchs, he came to be trusted by neither. 


429-30. mapacry ‘in mentem veniat.’ Cf. ii. 1.112. Onpa- 
pévous katnyore ‘I am really accusing Theramenes.’ 


433. perd Oeprrrokdéovs modrtrevdpevov ‘if he had been a 
citizen with Themistocles,’ z.e. if he had lived in his time. 


437-9. 6 pev yap. . wkoddunoev. For the ruse by which 48 
Themistocles secured time to build the walls, see Thucyd. 
1, 90-2. mepiéotyxev ‘what has happened to the State is 
exactly the reverse of what one might have expected.’ 


440-6. &—ov . . yap. In spite of this unfriendly criticism 
the party of Theramenes were the moderate party in the Thirty, 
and might justly appeal to that fact in mitigating the anger of 
the restored Democracy. dvadepopévas ‘resting on an appeal 
to his name.’ airlov . . yeyevnpévov, sc. Onpaueévous. 


447, tijs mporépas édtyapx(as, z.c. of the Four Hundred. See 
on 1. 295. Bc. 411. 


449-51. tév mpoBovtdov dv ‘one of the (Ten) commissioners,’ 
i.e, the Ten originally appointed (B.c. 411) to propose the revision 
of the constitution to the ecclesia, which they did in the temple 
of Poseidon at Colonus, a mile outside the city. Thucyd. 8, 
87, 1-2. Thucydides calls them cvyypadets atroxpdropes. Har- 
pocration (s.v. ovyypageis) asserts that thirty were elected. 
tair erparrev ‘was abetting this policy.’ tots mpdypacr 
‘ this policy.’ 


453. IleloavSpov .. kal KédXatcxpov. For the former, 
see on 1, 295. Of the latter nothing seems known beyond the 
fact that he was one of the Four Hundred. 


457. peréoxe tov’ Aproroxparous tpywv ‘ joined the intrigues 
of Aristocrates.’ According to Thucydides (8, 90), Thera- 
menes broke off from the violent faction of the Four Hundred 


246. NOTES. 


on the subject of their great submission to the Spartans, and 
especially in regard to a fort to be built at the entrance of the 
harbour of Peireus, which he and his party alleged was to 
facilitate the entrance of the Spartans. For the name of 
Aristocrates as a leader of the moderates we are indebted to 
Lysias, not Thucydides. 


460. karnyopav dréxretvey ‘accused and caused their death.’ 49 
Antiphon, the famous orator (some of whose speeches are pre- 
served), of whom Thucydides (8, 68, 2) says that on this occa- 
sion he made the best speech in defence within his memory. 
For the joining of Archiptolemus in his condemnation our 
authority is Lysias. The rest of the extreme party escaped 
mostly to Decelea, and one Aristarchus to Cinoe (Thucyd. 8, 
98). 


461. dore &ua .. amaddeoe. He was base in both cases; 
his loyalty to the Oligarchs enslaved Athens, his loyalty to 
Athens was the death of his friends, 


464-70. Tidpevos . . mioreverv. The speaker now goes on 
to consider the conduct of Theramenes in the negotiations with 
Lysander after the battle of gospotami. See Appendix, ‘The 
Thirty.’ 


465. adrds ‘ of his own accord.’ 


471-2. mparrotons . . cwrnpia ‘when the Council of the 
Areopagus were engaged in measures for saving the city.’ The 
Council of the Areopagus had no legislative or political func- 
tions ; but in this time of extreme distress, 7.e. when the city 
was awaiting its fate at the hands of Lysander, it seems to have 
temporarily taken the conduct of affairs into its hands. Com- 
pare the decree passed afterwards for the restitution of the 
constitution, which contained this clause : émimedeloOw 7 BovdAn 
 é€&’Apelov mayou Trav vouwy brws ay al dpxal rots Kemmévors 
vouos xpavra. Andoc. Myst. § 84. 


474-5. rdév wokenlov . . tovodvrat ‘preserve secrets on the 
enemies’ account,’ z.¢. lest the enemy should learn them. 


482-4, #Amoe ‘expected.’ odx td Aakedatpovlwv . . émay- 
yeAAdpevos ‘ Not acting under compulsion from the Spartans, but 
making them voluntary proposals.’ An entirely groundless 
charge against Theramenes. The Spartan Government all along 
refused to listen to less terms (Xen. Hell. 2, 2, 13-14), though 
Xenophon does also insinuate that his long delay with 
Lysander was not loyal (i). 16). The fact seems to be that 


V. 247 


he thought submission necessary, and that he was justified 
therefore in securing it. 


491-2. 6 Neydpevos . . ErnpyOy ‘until the expiration of the 
time mentioned by him had been awaited.’ éxelvov seems to 
be Lysander, and the time ‘mentioned’ to be some period 
fixed by Lysander for the Athenians to make their peace. 
Xenophon says nothing of this. 


492-3. Kal pereréuaro, k.t.A. ‘and he sent for the Spartan 
ships from Samos.’ This really refers to a later period after the 
peace was made, and Lysander had sailed to Samos. The Oli- 
garchs sent for Lysander to overawe the assembly into electing 
the Thirty. éaedqpnoe ‘settled in the town.’ The Spartan 
garrison occupied the Acropolis (infra, 1. 663) and also the 
Odeum at its foot (Xen. Hell. 2, 4, 10), with a Spartan harmost 
Kallibius. The change of nominative is awkward, but émidnuéw 
must be intransitive. 


496. Piioxdpovs kal MurraidSov. Philoochares and Mil- 
tiades were joint-commanders of the Spartan fleet with Lysander. 
mepl ris moAtrelas ‘about the reform of the constitution.’ 


502-3. Apakovr{Sys appears in the list of the Thirty, and was 
probably one of the five ‘Ephors’ also. See Appendix, ‘The 
Thirty.’ darépatvev ‘ was declaring.’ 


503-6. Spws ‘in spite of all the force brought to bear on 
you.’ éfexAnovd{ere ‘you were deciding in solemn assembly.’ 
For the form, see Veitch. The more correct form would be 
HxkAnowd sere, as being derived from compound substantive, and 
some would thus write it. For analogous form, see on éyxwmdfo, 
Rutherford’s New Phrynichus, p. 82. 


510-11. rods ta Spon . . atr@ ‘were for the same policy as 
he was.’ 


513-15. mapacmdvbous ‘ guilty of breaking the terms of the 
truce.’ The breach of the treaty consisted in the failure of the 
Athenians to pull down the specified length of the long walls 
within the required time. See vi. ]. 61. owrnpias ‘bare ex- 
istence.’ 


517. tiv wapackeviy ‘ the elaborate nature of the plot.’ By 
mapackeviy (see il. 1. 122) he means to infer that the question 
_ Was not an open one, but had been prearranged. 


519-20. rotro yotv .. cuvedSdres ‘having at least this to 51 


comfort their consciences.’ 


248 NOTES. 


522-5. mapyyyéAdero orders were passed round to them. 
See supra, 1. 311. &hopor see on 1. 305. ék t&v TmapdvTav 
‘of those actually in the assembly.’ 


530-1. ékelvw, i.e. Theramenes. év tq Bovdy arodoyotpevos 
‘when defending himself in the Boulé against Critias.” The 
speech, as given by Xenophon (Hell. 2, 3, 35-49), contains no 
such admissions. ‘Theramenes details the points on which he 
split with his colleagues. (1) When they began to arrest good 
and innocent men instead of the sycophants and other ill- 
disposed people whom.they first attacked. (2) When they 
decided on the attack upoén the Metics. (3) When they dis- 
armed the people. (4) When they hired the Spartan guard. 


531-2. dveSltov . . KkaréA@ouev ‘reproaching the exiles with 
the fact that they had been restored by his means.’ 


535-6. Tots elpnpévors . . eyod ‘exactly in way just stated 
by me.’ totovrwv ‘ with such a return,’ z.e. condemnation and 
death. 


540-1. roAphoovow . . dmropatvev ‘they (de. those who 
speak for him now) will have the hardihood to proclaim them- 
selves Theramenes’ friends.’ Cf. xiii. 1. 51, xvi. 1. 236. 


544, Sixatws 8’ av ‘as he would with equal justice have done 
in a democracy.’ The phrase is elliptical for dicalws 5 ay dév- 
ros. For éy with participle, see Goodwin, § 211. For elliptical 
use of av, 7b. § 212. 


545-7. Sls, i.e. at the time of the Four Hundred and of the 
Thirty. wapdévrev . . dardévrwy ‘democratical and oligarchical 
constitutions.’ 1t@ Kaddlorw dvépat. ‘the fairest pretext.’ 
Theramenes consistently maintained that the end of his policy 
was that the ‘best men,’ rods BeAricrovs, should possess the 
supreme power (Xen. Hell. 2, 3, 19-22). 


553. rovrovt ‘that man before you,’ i.e. the defendant Eratos- 52 
thenes. 


554-6. pydt paxopévous . . éx@pav ‘and not to show your- 
selves superior to your enemies when in arms, while you allow 
yourselves to be beaten by them when you come to votes.’ 


558. droto. . . Tots rpidxovra ‘those of the Thirty who 
are away from Athens.’ The remaining members of the Thirty, 
after their defeat in the Peireus, retired to Eleusis, except 
Eratosthenes and Pheidon, who stayed at Athens. The party 
thus at Eleusis was further defeated and scattered a few months 


i 249 


later (Xen. Hell. 2, 4, 48). émtBovdevere ‘concert measures 
_ against.’ The moderation, however, of the popular party 
towards the Oligarchs was remarked by Plato (Menex. 234 E). 
See also Grote’s Hist. ch. 66. 


561-7. StKal ‘nay even.’ odros piv . . Kabéocrapev ‘you 
were prosecutor and judge ; we are prosecutors and defendants.’ 
TOV ywopnévev joined with Sikacris. By d&rodoylav he means 
that while prosecuting Pheidon, he and his party have to vindi- 
cate their own conduct. 


568. dkptrovs. One of the articles of the constitution under 53 
the Thirty was that they should on their own authority be 
capable of condemning to death any persons not on the ‘roll,’ 
karddoyos (Xen. Hell. 2, 3, 51). 


569. kata tov .. Kplvev ‘you think it right to let them 
have a trial according to law.’ 


570-2. &v observe its place in the sentence, drawing espe- 
cially attention and emphasis on mapavépws, though it belongs 
to AdBoure. 


573. enoav . . Sedwxdres ‘will they have fully paid the 
penalty they deserve?’ For this periphrasis for a perfect opta- 
tive, see Madv. § 180d. It refers to a future supposition as to 
things that would then be past. Supra, 1. 315. 


578. kadds av txou ‘ would full reparation be made ?’ 


582. tvrivodv, sc. dixnv ‘any possible satisfaction which you 
could get.’ #vriva ‘of the sort which.’ 


588. katrameppdvykev ‘has conceived an utter contempt for.’ 


592-6. ot od roto . . adajcere ‘who have come here not 
so much with a view of defending these men, as from the idea 
that they will secure complete indemnity for their past actions, 
and, for the future, license to do as they please, if when you 
have once got them you let go the men who have been the 
causes of your greatest evils.’ 


598. as kadol kaya8ol ‘on the ground of their own high 54 
character.’ 


600. €Bovrépnv . . dv ‘I could have wished.’ Cf. supra, 154. 
From éBovdduny to drodd’va is parenthetical. 


605. 088% ra Slkata ‘ not even bare justice,’ z.¢. to say nothing 
of special indulgence, which they now ask for these men.’ 


250 NOTES. 


609-12, 81a... 7d bpérepov wAAPos ‘owing to’ or ‘by means 
of your people,’ z.c. by their votes of acquittal. Sewdv fv ‘it 
was dangerous.’ én’ éxopav édOetv ‘to undertake the burial.’ 
émt ‘for the purpose of.’ 


619. omdre ‘since we see that.’ Cf. supra, 1. 233. 55 


621-3. avreurety ‘to speak in condemnation.’ "EparocGéve. 
Dative of agent with passive verb. See supra, 1. 266. 


625. tév ddAwv “EAAvov, z.c. of all other Greeks besides the 
Thirty. 


629-31. SHdor . . dpyrtdpevor. See on iii. 1. 56. ‘You 
will make it plain that you are angry.’ So é0qoeobe. . dvres 
‘you will be seen to be.’ 


632. odx ere, k.t.A. This was one of the pleas of Eratos- 
thenes. See supra, 1. 188. 


640. rods... & dereos kal rods ék Iletpards ‘ the party of the 
city and the party of the Peireus,’ referring to the time of 
Thrasybulus’ occupation of the Peireeus. do7v is used as before 
for the upper city or Athens proper. See supra, ll. 875-7. 


647. tovwotrov..év@. See on ii. 1. 270. 56 


647-8. Hrrnbévres ‘ being worsted as you have been,’ z.e. the 
city party. 7d toov for a complete amnesty and restitution 
were the terms. @v .. @ovdevere ‘ you would now have been 
slaves to these men,’ 7.c. the Oligarchs. 


652-3. cvvadereiobar piv yap, KT.A. ‘For they did not 
think it right that you should share their advantages, though 
they were trying to make you share their discredit.’ ovvd.a- 
Badrco-Oar ‘to lose credit along with them.’ Cf. ii. 1. 181, and 
Thucyd. 4, 22, 3, nip és rods cuppmaxous diaBrAnOGow elrdvres Kai ov 
tuxévres. His charge is that they wished as many citizens as 
possible to be involved in their own guilt, and that was the 
reason they caused the Three Thousand to vote for the condem- 
nation of the persons they put to death. See on viii. 1. 32. 


657. év Td Oapparéw dvres. Thucyd. 2, 51, 8. 
662. rots modeplors ‘ your foreign foes.’ 


663-7. rév émikotpeav ‘the foreign mercenaries.’ Referring 
to the guard of Spartans and others brought in by the Thirty. 
See on 1. 493. eis Thy dkpdrodw Karéornoay ‘they were brought 


is 251 


and stationed on the Acropolis.’ @r mwoddéy dyrev ‘ though 
there is much more I might say.’ 


671. adypéOynre Ta Sra ‘you were deprived of your arms,’ 57 
4:6: hicdeend spears. This was one of the first acts of the 
Thirty after forming the ‘catalogue ;’ all others were deprived 
of their arms (Xen. Hell. 2, 3, 20), which were stored on the 
Acropolis. For the passive construction ‘ where the nearer ob- 
ject becomes the nominative, and the accus. of the remoter 
object remains,’ see Madv. § 25. 


672. &exnptxOnre . . & Tis médews ‘you were banished by 
public proclamation from the city.’ This was immediately after 
the death of Theramenes. See Xen. Hell. 2, 4,1. Diodorus 
(14, 5) asserts that more than half the citizens were banished ; 
they were, however, allowed to stay in the Peireus. 


674. eyrotvro ‘they demanded your extradition.’ The fugi- 
tives had taken refuge chiefly at Megara and Thebes, besides the 
Peireus and Oropus. The Lacedemonians decreed that the 
Athenian refugees might be arrested wherever they were ; but 
the Thebans retaliated by a decree that ‘every house and town 
should be open to them’ (Plut. Lys. 27). The Argives also, in 
whose town some of the fugitives took refuge, answered the 
demand by the Spartan Commissioners for their extradition by 
an order to quit the town before sunset or be treated as enemies 
(Demos. 197). 


680. tagijs Tis voptfopévns ‘the customary rites of burial.’ 
See supra, 116-8, x.1. 40. For the horror with which this addi- 
tional cruelty was regarded by the Greeks, see passages adduced 
by Becker, Charicles, pp. 383-4; especially a passage in the 
Supplices of Euripides (524) which has been supposed to refer to 
some similar conduct of the Argives, but which, if delivered at 
time, would have come home to the people with a special 

orce :— 
vexpods 6é€ Tovs Oavdvras, ob BAdarrwv wbdur, 
ovd dvdpoxufras rpocpépwv aywvias, 
Bayar dixad, Tov IavedAHvwv vduov 
coger, Ti tobTwr écTiv ob} KaNds Exov ; 


682-3. BeBatorépav . . tinwpias ‘too firmly established to be 
touched by the vengeance of heaven.’ 


686. é& wodenla ry mwarp(St ‘in their own country, which 
was now become an enemy’s land to them.’ 


688-9. #AOere. . Tlapara, i.e. under Thrasybulus from Phylé. 
See 1. 371. 


252 NOTES. 


690. rods pev Hr|evOepmoare, zc. the citizens in the Asty who 58 
were still under the oligarchical Ten. 


699. pixpav . . évexa cupBoralwv ‘in liquidation of small 
debts.’ See oni. 1. 6. @v éSobdevov ‘ would now be serving as 
slaves.’ Cf. 1. 648. 


706. aréSovro ‘sold.’ He does not mean the temples, but 
the sacred objects of value in them. Most temples had trea- 
suries of money attached to them, besides rich offerings and 
works of art. 


715. ametrounpévovs ‘exacting.’ Perf. pass. asa middle. See 59 
ii. 1. 72, and Index. 


716. a&knxdéare, K.t.A. ‘you have heard with your own ears ; 
seen with your own eyes; experienced in your own persons ; 
you are in possession of the facts ;—Record your verdict !’ 


ORATION VI. [12.] 


[This is another prosecution arising out of the judicial murders 
at the time of the Revolution. When Theramenes returned in the 
spring of 404 with the conditions of peace, a few patriots were still 
found who, in spite of the suffering of the people, were for resisting 
them. The Oligarchical party being in the ascendant in the Boule, 
resolved to arrest these men. This they did by using the informa- 
tion of Agoratus, who, it was arranged, should feign to be one of 
them. Accordingly they, and he with them, are arrested. They 
were not tried until after the Thirty were established, and then 
they were tried and condemned by the new Boulé, which was 
wholly devoted to the Thirty. Agoratus, in feigned alarm, had 
taken sanctuary in the temple of Artemis in Munychia, but had 
voluntarily quitted it; showing thereby that he had good reason 
to expect to be rewarded by the Boulé by exemption from the 
fate of those whom he had denounced, which in fact took place. 
The others were condemned and put to death. Among them was 
Dionysodorus, whose kinsman Dionysius in this speech aceuses 
Agoratus of the murder of his kinsmen and of the other citizens 
thus put to death. 

Agoratus all along appears to have assumed the réle of a demo- 
crat forced to give unwilling information, and he accordingly joined 
the Democratic party in Phyle in the latter part of the year 404, 
but was ill received by them. 

The charge is brought some considerable time after the events 
[§ 83]; and Professor Jebb decides that ‘it cannot be placed 
earlier than 400,—probably it may be placed as late as 398.’ 


Vi 253 


The speech has neither the vigour nor the historical interest of 
the preceding one. The historical allusions are scattered and sum- 
marised, and have not the same appearance of vivid reality. This 
is partly to be accounted for by the length of time which had 
elapsed, and partly by the less keen personal feeling with which 
it is inspired. -This is the statement of an able speech-writer, the 
former the indignant protest of a deeply injured man. 

Mr. Grote has accused the speaker of misdating the informations 
of Agoratus, which should be (he argues) after the surrender, 
whereas the speaker places them before it. See Professor Jebb 
[Attic Orators, vol. i. p. 271], who does not agree to this view. 

The case is heard before an ordinary court, presided over by the 
Eleven ; because the accuser had proceeded by an endeixis followed 
by a summary arrest [§§ 84-6]; for which see also note on iv. 
1. 64.] 


2. Tinwpetv trtp Tav dv8péav ‘ to exact vengeance for the men.’ 
For the construction see infra, 1. 351. The word generally takes 
the dative of the person avenged, the accusative of the person 
punished, and the genitive of the crime for which the punish- 
ment is exacted. 


4.5. «ndeoris . . Kal dvedids ‘ brother-in-law and nephew,’ 
1. 385. xndeorhs will apply to any relation by marriage (x7éos), 
like the Latin afinis. dveyids, from & [= Sanskrit sam, sa. 
Cf. d-xédovBos, a-deXpds] and ver-, strengthened verr-. Cf. Skt. 
naptar, scion; dat. nepd(t)-s. Curtius, 267]. < 


6. rovrovt ‘the defendant here present.’ On the demonstra- 
tive ¢ see ii. 1. 3. 


11. év 8} ‘ whose names I assure you you shall hear.’ It is 
difficult to give the exact force of 6). It emphasises and draws 
attention to the definite nature of the assertion, as not concern- 
ing persons that cannot be particularised. The use of adeo is 
often similar. 


13. érl ‘in the time of.’ daréxrewve ‘ he caused the death of.’ 
v. 1. 460. 


14. pyvuris ‘informer.’ He is not cvcopdyrys ‘ getter-up of 60 
false charges for personal ends,’ but a spy and informer regularly 
employed by the Thirty. kat’ éxelvwy ‘against them.’ 


19. Slkavov kal Sovov ‘in accordance with the dictates of 
justice, human and divine,’ jus fasque. 


27-8, kal 84 . . éréoxnav ‘and, finally, what charges they 
enjoined on us when preparing for their execution.’ See infra, 
g 41. 


254 NOTES. 


29. HStov Kal dcrdtepov ‘with more satisfaction to your 
feelings and to your consciences.’ 


33. ered} yap, that is, after Agospotami. The disastrous 61 
affair of Algospotami (a small river flowing into the Hellespont, 
15 stades above Sestus) took place in the summer of B.c. 405. 
It was not a sea-fight, but a successful stratagem of Lysander’s, 
whereby he took and towed off almost without a blow 171 
Athenian ships, and took 3000 prisoners [Plut. Lys. 10]. Out 
of the whole Athenian fleet, only 7, under the leadership of 
Conon, could be got ready in time to escape, besides the ‘Paralus,’ 
which escaped to carry the news to Athens. [Plutarch says 8 be- 
sides the ‘Paralus.’ In the fragment of a speech (xxi. dwpodoxlas) 
of Lysias, § 11, the number is put at 12.] The men were on 
shore and scattered, and could not get to their ships in time to 
meet Lysander, who rowed swiftly over from the opposite town, 
Lampsakus, summoned by a signal from his own squadron of 
observation ; or, as some said, by the treachery of Adeomantus, 
one of the Athenian commanders. Xen. Hell. 2, 1, 17-32. 


34-6. Ta mpdypara ‘the government,’ opes. od Todd@ xpdvo 
torepov. The interval between the affair of Hgospotami and 
the surrender of Athens has been variously estimated. Some 
say four months, which Clinton thinks too short. Athens sur- 
rendered in Munychion (March-April) of B.c. 404; and as 
Lysander proceeded after his victory leisurely to reduce the 
various states in the Aigean which still remained faithful to 
Athens, and was not likely to have cruised about the Mgean in 
the winter when it was dangerous, the most probable date for 
the affair of Agospotami is the early summer of B.c. 405,— 
leaving an interval of about ten months before his arrival in the 
Peireus. dv Ilepaua ‘the harbour of Peirzus’ (Ilecpaceds). 
The word stands (1) for the harbour, or (2) for the town, or (8) 
for the whole peninsula, including the towns of Peireeus and 
Munychia, or (4) for the walls of Peirsus, Xen. Hell. 2, 2, 20; 
Plut. Lys. 14. 


37-42. For the historical facts here briefly epitomised, see 
notes on the last speech, and Appendix ‘The Thirty.’ 


44-5. robs . . mpoeorynkdras . . otparnyotvras . . Tafiap- 
xotvras ‘the acknowledged leaders of the demos, the men 
serving as Strategi and Taxiarchs.’ The first is a non-official 
position ; for the ten Strategi, see Dict. of Antiquities. The 
Taxiarchs were also ten in number, one from each tribe, and 
were next in rank to the Strategi, —assisting them in their 
various duties at home, and commanding the infantry on a 
campaign. 


Vi 255 


55-7. Ky\eobav re. . taira. Xenophon (Hell. 2, 2, 15) says 
that a decree was passed declaring it illegal to propose the ac- 
ceptance of the Spartan terms in reference to the walls. From 
this passage it seems probable that Cleophon proposed the 
decree. See also Orat. xv. §§ 10-14. Cleophon was a prominent 
member of the Democratical and anti-Spartan party [Aristoph. 
Ran. 1532, 678]. He advised against peace after Cynossema, 
411 B.c., and Cyzicus, 410 B.c. (Diod. xii. 53) ; and is generally 
sneered at by Aristophanes as a low-born demagogue. See 
Thesmoph. 805; Ran. 150, 4. He was said to have been a 
harpmaker, Avporods (Andoc. Myst. 19). Mr. Grote [ch. 63] 
argues that Cleophon was not corrupt in thus advising against 

; and in defence of his character in this respect we have 
the fact incidentally mentioned that at his death he was found 
to be possessed of no property at all [Orat. x. 1 315 sg7.] His 
death is briefly mentioned as occurring in a ‘sedition’ (Xen. 
Hell. 1, 7, 40. Cf. Orat. xv. 1. 103). 


59-60. Sri... wowjoev ‘he said that if you would appoint 
him ambassador with full powers, he would so manage matters 
that,’ ete. 57 with infin. is pleonastic, and cannot be justified 

atically. Clyde, $97. Hence ro:jcev has been altered, 
probably rightly, to wocjoe by some editors. 


61. SteXetv Trav rexav ‘to make a breach in the walls,’ ‘to 62 
take down a portion of them.’ Partitive genitive. The terms 
finally insisted upon by the Spartans seem to have included the 
entire destruction of the long walls, and those of Peireus. But 
this does not seem ever to have been entirely carried out. The 
terms originally were that 10 stades of the long walls should 
come down. Infra, §14. Cf. v. 1. 513. 


62. ofoiro S ‘and he thought, he said.’ The special use of 
optative in oratio obliqgua has been a transient phenomenon in 
the Greek language characteristic of its prime. Clyde, p. 230 ; 
Goodwin, § 247. 


65. 8v Tw mporépw ‘the man whom the year before you re- 
jected on his scrutiny when he had been elected Strategus.’ 
For the scrutiny (dox«zacia) which each man had to stand 
before entering on an office to which he had been elected, see 
introduction to Orat. xiv. This rejection of Theramenes, for 
which this is our only authority, shows how quickly popular 
feeling veered ; for, on the formation of the Thirty, Diodorus 
(14, 4) assures us that Theramenes was the man whose appoint- 
ment was gratifying to the Democrats. 


67-9. éxeivos . . wodtv xpdvov ‘for his part, then, when he 


256 NOTES. 


went to Sparta he remained there a long time.’ The piv is 
answered by oi 6é, 1. 74. The speaker is referring to two dif- 
ferent actions of Theramenes, When commissioned to negotiate 
he was sent to Lysander, who was not in Sparta but at Samos, 
and remained with him over three months ; on his return with 
the message that Lysander referred them to the Ephors, he 
was sent to Sparta, where the terms seem to have been quickly 
arranged. Itis the delay of three months with Lysander that 
the speaker really complains of. But he regards that and the 
subsequent mission to Sparta as one transaction. 


72. eb Srabeln .. SueOmKev ‘if he could reduce you to despair, 
as in fact he did reduce you.’ dcadetvar drdpws is a condensed 
expression for diafetvac Wore dmrdpws elvat. Elsewhere he has 
py wepudety Nuds dmwbpws SiaTePévras pnd éevdeets Tov ére- 
TNOELWY yevoueévous, 


74. of 8, answering éxetvos wév in 1. 68. ‘ The oligarchical 
party.’ 


77. mpdhacw .. dvatravodpevos ‘ nominally on the charge of 
having slept outside the camp,’ quod extra castra pernoctasset, 
7.¢. When Strategus, we cannot tell on what occasion. eis Ta 
émda ‘to the place where the shields were piled.’ 


80. mapackevdoavres Sixacryptov ‘having packed a court.’ 
Cf. ii. 1. 122. 


82. Onpapévys 8 torepov. The mock trial and judicial 
murder of Cleophon, therefore, took place in the interval be- 
tween the negotiations with Sparta and the establishment of 
the Thirty, 7c. in the beginning of 404 B.c., which accounts for 
Xenophon’s curt reference to his death as occurring ordceds Tivos 
yevouévns (Hell. 1, 7, 40). 


84. taftapxwv. See above, ]. 44. 


85-7. LrpopPix Sys. Strombichides was a prominent naval 
commander in the last years of the Peloponnesian war, z.¢. from 
B.c. 412. See Thucyd. 8, 15-17, 62, 79. The high character 
he bore is shown by his being selected to command the reserve 
of ships which the Athenians at length made up their minds to 
use in B.C. 412, on hearing of the revolt of Chios. AvovvedSwpos, 
the brother-in-law of the speaker, whose death is the immediate 
cause of this accusation. 


88. rovatrny, fv ‘a peace the nature of which we subsequently 63 
learnt by experience.’ He means that the effect of the terms 





VI. 257 


enforced by Sparta was to bring about the Revolution. For con- 
struction see on ii. 1. 270. 


92. SeAdv. Cf. supra, 1. 61. 


94. ras te vais mwapaSotvar. The terms were that the 
Athenians should give up all except twelve ships. Xen. Hell. 
2, 2, 20. 


98. otk Epacay érirpapar . . yevéoBar ‘ they refused to allow 
this to take place.’ 

For the aorist émrpébat after gyui (which occurs also below, |. 
325), instead of the future, on the analogy of verbs of threaten- 
ing, promising, etc., see Goodwin, Gr. Gr. § 203, note 2 ; Moods 
and Tenses, § 25, note 3. Madvig (Advers., pp. 156-182) argues 
strongly against it, and would always change it to the future. 
His points are mainly these :—{1) If it is admissible, there is 
no means of distinguishing the past from the future in the 
infinitive. (2) It is often coupled with a future infinitive, 
with the direct purpose of distinguishing the meaning. (3) The 
number of examples found are few in comparison with those 
of the future construction. (4) It occurs principally in those 
authors the MSS. of whose works are modern or inferior. 
(5) It occurs almost always with forms so near the future 
forms as eastly to be mistaken ; as éwirpéWai, xpaThoa, rapa- 
oxevdcacOa, évexuvpdcacba, détac@a. See also his Gr. Gr. 
§ 172. These arguments appear strong, but at the same time 
we must notice that in this case no real futurity is implied. 
Their opposition to the peace was instant. 


102-4. obSév yap . . mpoojKev ‘ for they had no more interest 
in them than each one of you had.’ katadvOnodpevov ‘ would 
at once be dissolved as a political body.’ He always speaks of 
the loss of fortifications to Athens as practically the destruction 
of the Democracy, because Athens would be at the mercy of 
Sparta, and that always meant Oligarchy in some form or other. 


113. wept rijs eAevOeplas ‘in support of freedom,’ ic. of 64 


Democracy, just as Cicero constantly uses libertas. For repi 
see i. 1. 1. 


120. EvvaBéra. See on ii. 1. 113, and Index. 


121-4. oftws avdnrot . . kal prAor ‘so wanting in sense and 
friends.” Gore twepl tyAtxotrav dv . . wapexdderay ‘as to 
have been likely to have taken into council.’ For éere, intro- 
ducing a conditional result, see Clyde, § 86. The protasis and 
apodosis would have been ei dvéyro joay . . A. wapexddecay ay. 


Ss 


258 NOTES. 


The position of ay after rnA\cKovrwy (‘ of such importance’), for 
the sake of emphasis, should be noticed. mpdrrovres ‘ being 
engaged.’ 


124, Sotdov kal ék SovAwv ‘a slave and descendant of slaves.’ 
For a similar reproach see xv. l. 46. Agoratus had gained 
his freedom by pretending to have taken part in the assassina- 
tion of Phrynichus, see $71. But though a man might have 
become legally a citizen, his origin was never forgotten. Readers 
of Aristophanes know how a foreign or servile origin was the 
constant reproach against opponents, e.g. Cleon and others. It 
is in bitter sarcasm that the mean origin (sovnpds kak rovnpGv) 
of the sausage-seller is put forward as his best claim to dema- 
gogy. Arist. Eq. 186. Cf. Ran. 732. 


127. mordétepa . . trodpalvorro ‘might appear somewhat 
more trustworthy.’ The 7é gives the idea of insincerity or at 
least indirectness. Cf. Dem. 370, ef prxpay bredpjvar’ édrlda 
‘if you had given an indication of the least hope.’ 


130-2. ékméparover ‘they (i.e. the oligarchical party) com- 65 
mission Theocritus to go before the Boule.’ tiv . . mpd rav 
tTpidkovra, i.¢. the Boulé which existed between Aigospotami 
and the establishment of the Thirty, who caused another to be 
elected of their own partizans. tov. . Kadotpevov ‘called the son 
of Elaphostictus,’—as though his parentage were uncertain. 
The speaker wishes to allude to Theocritus’ low and probably 
servile origin. 


135. SvépOapro ‘had been already tampered with,’ i.e. by 
the oligarchical party. «al. . éweBipe ‘and were already 
oligarchical at heart.’ 


137. thy torépav Bovdtv . . éBovdevov ‘served in the last 
Boule,’ ¢.e. that sitting during the Thirty. In this phrase 
Bovdyy is not merely a cognate accusative, but an accusative of 
limitation ; ‘the sitting of a particular Boulé,’ as we sometimes 
use ‘Parliament’ for the period during which a particular 
Parliament remains in existence. 


140-3. ér ebvola ‘with any idea of good will to you.’ kat 66 
@s . . mpooéxnte ‘and that you may regard them in that light 
and that light only.’ 


144. év dropphrw ‘with closed doors,’ or ‘in strict secrecy.’ 


145-6. évavriwodpevor . . modypaor ‘with the intention of 
raising an opposition to the Government then being estab- 
lished.’ Notice the present participle ; it was not the established 





VI z 259 


forms (ra xaSeorGra) that these men were going to resist, but 
the innovations in process of being brought in. 


149-50. atrés 8. . ratra ‘but that he personally would 
never do.’ For 4» with infin. cf. on ii. 1 33: the subject 
of the infinitive when the same as that of the main verb is 
not expressed except for emphasis. Goodwin, § 134. 


150-1. & wapackevijs ‘by previous arrangement.’ Cf. on 
ii L 122, and infra, ll. 181, 198. 


153-4. vuvi 5€ ‘whereas what actually happened was that it 
made the following decree.’ w Wnoiferar is middle, and an 
historical present. 


156-8. xarépxovrar . . d&yeav ‘the members of the Boulé 
selected for the duty go down to the Peireus to fetch Agoratus, 
and falling in with him in the Agora they begin trying to 
arrest him.’ «xarépyovra: is properly used of going down from 
the upper city (4crv) to the lower—the Peireus. The Agora is 
that of the Peireus. [There were two, one close to the sea, 
one further inland. Paus. i. 1, 3.] 


159-61. Nikias and Nikomenes are two supporters of the 
popular party. Nikias is mentioned again in x. § 47. épé@vres 
- . wode ‘seeing that there was something wrong going on in 
the city.’ For ota B&Amiora, in which phrase écriv is omitted, 
see Madvig, § 96, Rem. 1; Clyde, § 23, obs. otx &pacay, see 
on iv. lL. 39. 


162-3. adypotvro ‘they were for rescuing him.’ #yyvevro 
‘they offered to give security ’ (€yyvov ‘something put in the 
hand’ yviov). wapadgav ‘that they would produce him,’ see 
on iii. 1. 104. 


165. es dor ‘back to Athens,’ the upper city, opposed to 67 


Peirzus, see v. 1. 376. Observe the phrase eis dorv without 
definite article, as we say ‘up town.’ 


167. tov Popov Movvuxlacw ‘the altar of Artemis on Muny- 
chia,’ see Paus. i. 1, 4. Munychia on the E. of the Peirzus, 
containing the citadel and a smaller harbour. For the locative 
Movurvxiacr [cf. ’OAvpridor], see Goodwin, § 61, note 2. 

173-4. fos Ta wpdypata Karacraiy ‘until political affairs 
should be quieted down ;’ for ws with optative, see Goodwin, 
§ 239, 2. 


174-6. tt. . dvayxacOyoeras ‘that he would very likely be 


260 NOTES. 


compelled.’ The future as the original tense and mood in direct 
speech is retained in the indirect. Goodwin, § 242. Bacavifé- 
pevos he would be subject to the torture as not being an 
Athenian. Supra, 1. 124. dv av troBddoow ‘ whomsoever 
they suggested.’ Goodwin, § 153. 


181-2. maperkevacpévov, see on ii. 122. Supra, 1. 80. 
186-7. adda . . trypxe ‘Nay,—you were in a much worse 


case than they.’ For the litotes of ovx dora for Roow, see vi. 1. 6. 
The pév is answered by 6é in 1. 192. Observe the balanced 


sentences d\\a pev . . gol dé, each containing two answering 
clauses :—(1) mp@rov péev . . floav . . &rera oerépar ; (2) 
mpdtov wey kivduvos . . €reira ov marpléa. Cf. xiii. 1. 118. 


194. od . . av. . a&aréXumes ‘you would not have quitted.’ 


198. tmaperkevioSy ‘was a carefully prepared plot,’ see 
supra, 181. 


200-1. cod . . katapaptrupyoe ‘will prove against you,’ 
1, 339. 


206. ékoploOncav ‘they were conveyed,’ z.c. Agoratus and 
his securities. 


212. én atropdpy, see on ii. 1. 286. 


215-6. ottw . . épyaterOat ‘so finely encouraged had the 
Boule become for the commission of crime.’ 


218. éxév ‘voluntarily,’ because he might have escaped with- 
out appearing before the Boule at all.’ 


220. év tw Oeatpw. In the theatre of Dionysus, close to 
Munychia. Thuc. 8, 93. An assembly was held here also 
to depose the Four Hundred in B.c. 411. 


222-3. orparnyav . . takidpxev, see supra, |. 44. 


225. mapdyouow ‘they bring him before the people.’ For 
the word, see iii. 1. 104. 


227. av yevér@at. Goodwin, § 211. 
234. oxeddv tr. See iv. 1. 32. 
237. év Kepadatots ‘summarily,’ ¢.¢. not in detail. 


238-9. rére kal 6 AdcavSpos x.t.A. Lysander’s first coming 


68 


69 


70 





Ni 261 
into the harbour about April, B.c. 404; see Appendix, ‘The 
Thirty.’ 


245-6. év to Stkacrnyplw év SicxAlois ‘in the regular law- 
court, namely, before the 2000 jurors.’ The two datives are in 
apposition. The number of jurors (dixacrai) selected each year 
was 6000: they were divided into sections of 500, and the 
numbers of these sections to be engaged in a particular case 
varied ; here four were to try the prisoners. But the Thirty 
disregarded the order of the Demus, and instead of trying them 
before a court, had them tried by the Boulé, which we know 
(1. 130) to have consisted of their own partizans. 


250. od Av kaxod 4 wédts ‘in what an evil plight the city 71 


was. 


251-2. rihv Bovdyy . . ue érl trav tptdkovra ‘the Boulé which 
had been elected during the reign of the Thirty,’ see supra, 1. 
137. 


254-9. The informalities which the speaker complains of are 
these :—(1) The Thirty occupied the benches which should 
have been occupied by the Prytanes, z.e. those of the Boulé 
whose turn it was to preside at the Ecclesia, and who should 
do so also in the Boulé. This would overawe the voters. (2) 
The voting was open; for though the ballot-boxes (kadicxo) 
were set out, the voting tablets were not put into them, but on 
the tables. él thy torépay ‘the vote for condemnation (ryv 
Ka@a:poicav) had to be put on the further table,’ z.e. on that 
io the seats of the Thirty. [Probably some words are lost 

ere. | 3 


273. tous atréy ‘their own kinsfolk.’ Observe that though 
the persons said to be sent for are all women, the masculine is 
used, as is the custom in Greek when a number are mentioned 
but not particularised. kal 87 kal ‘and among the rest.’ 


276-8. péAav . . ivdriov for iudriov see iv. 1. 61. The 
black dress was assumed for other than funereal occasions, see 
Arist. Ach. 1024 ; or it would not seem a very pleasant thing 
for a wife to do in the circumstances. It was not the universal 
colour in Greece for mourning, see Becker’s Charicles, p. 399. 
éml TO. . Kexpypéve ‘seeing that her husband had met with 
such a calamity.’ 


280. 8€8ero ‘disposed of.’ The proper word for testa- 
mentary disposition, see x. 1, 255. 


~ 


72 


262 NOTES. 


287. bpdtev ra yevonév ‘to tell her offspring,’—from the 
Greek idea of the son’s duty being to avenge his father’s murder. 


293. oyxeddv otpar, Supra, |. 235. 73 


299. ds obd8pa tpiv x.7.A. ‘What a claim Agoratus has on 
your pity !’—said in bitter irony. 


300-4. For this transaction see v. § 52. It took place at the 
end of B.c. 404, and was an act done to secure a retreat for the 
Thirty when Thrasybulus was becoming formidable. 


311. rabqoerGor. The duty of providing suitable burial 
for a parent was of the most sacred and obligatory nature. See 
Becker’s Charicles, p. 384, and the law of Solon there quoted 
from Asch. Tim. 40, ph émdvayxes elvar TH mardi HBjoavre 
tpépew tov marépa, pare olknow mapéxew, ds av éxuicbwon 
éraipeiv, drobavévra dé Oarrérw kal Tadd moetTw TA voursoueva. 


312. aSeddds dvexSdrous ‘sisters not yet bestowed in mar- 
riage,’ which would involve the supply of a dowry by the 
father, or, in default of a father, by the brother. See x. 1. 404. 
And on the subject of the dowry, Becker’s Charicles, pp. 480-1. 
It did not consist of money only, but included clothes and 
ornaments (xpvola). 


315-6. av. . CéoOat ‘would be likely to give.’ See supra, 74 
1. 227. Géobar Whpov ‘to put a voting tablet in the ballot box.’ 
trav AStorev ‘of their nearest and dearest ones.’ 


317. &s understand néuvnode from 1. 304. 


319. rhv axpémodw. The Spartans, after the surrender of 
Athens to Lysander, put in a Spartan garrison under a harmost, 
Callibius, who occupied the Acropolis, at the request of the 
Thirty. See Appendix. 


324. &mddOnre. This refers to the measures taken by the 
Thirty after the death of Theramenes (autumn of 404). They 
forbade all who were not in the xarédoyos to enter the Asty. 
These persons accordingly filled the Peireus, and thence in 
many cases fled to Megara, Thebes, or other places. See xiv. 
1. 189. Xen, Hell. 2:.4,.1. 


325. otk thacav émirpépar ‘refuse to allow.’ See supra, 1. 
99. of dyabol dvSpes ‘the loyalists.’ 


327-8. &yaOdv rt mpatat rq wéAe. The more usual construc- 
| 


VI. 263 


tion is mpdccew rl rwa, The dative may be regarded as de- 
pendent on dyadév. 


838-9. atrod . . KaTapaprupe 1. 200. 


342-3. rady OA cloayyetdat ‘to have given true information 75 
to the Boule. 


348. av . . émixetpfioat ‘that he will be likely to try.’ See 
1, 227. 


351-2. ph karadv0e(n Gv ‘because they feared lest, if that 
went on, the Democracy might be abolished.’ See Goodwin, 
Moods and Tenses, § 46, note 3. The particle dv is never used 
with ph and subj. It is sometimes used with an opt. with uh 
after verbs of fearing, in which case it always forms an apodosis 
with the optative. 8 mov introducing an absurd or untenable 
supposition. See iv. 1. 4. Tipwpodvres without expressed 
object. See supra, 1. 2. ‘They would not, I presume, on 
behalf of the Democracy, have killed these men because they 
feared,’ etc. 


352-3. GAN otpar . . tévrov z.c. they would have been glad 
enough of the prospect of the fall of the Democracy, and not 
have killed men to save that. 


354. adAG like at or at enim, introducing an objection of the 76 
opposite party. vii. 1. 334. 


357. dv ph. . brepBodqv ‘such that nothing could be worse.’ 
un is used because the sentence is indefinite, forming part of 
the supposition introduced by éav. Not ‘the particular wrongs, 
which there can be nothing to surpass,’ but ‘if a man has done 
such wrongs (indefinite) as can have nothing to surpass them.’ 
Goodwin, § 283, 5. Donaldson, § 531. 


359, éxelvwy ‘these facts,’ referring like 85¢ to what follows, 
odros to what has preceded. Cf. ddle. 


361. cwifvar ‘to have got safe off.’ 


363. kalro.. . ér(@ov ‘and, indeed, if you had listened to 
them,’ etc. He suddenly turns to the defendant and addresses 
him: cp. 1. 180. 


364-6. exdv otre dkwv ‘neither with your will nor against 
your will,’ referring to the plea prepared for Agoratus of having 
acted under compulsion. See supra, 1. 126. viv 8& ‘but as 
actually happened.’ evo@els see infra, 1. 426. 


264 NOTES. 


368. péya te. . Stampdgacbar ‘you thought to have got 
some great advantage from them.’ See onl. 98. 


369-70. otkouy . . ruxeiv ‘a fine claim on our pity,—that 
they found none at your hands !’—said in bitter irony. 


372-5. Elevobdy 6 "Ikapreds must mean ‘Xenophon of the 
deme Icaria,’ an Attic deme of the tribe Aegeis. And if the 
word is genuine it would be an instance of the torture of a 
citizen ; but it cannot have been to extract evidence, to which 
a citizen was not liable (see swpra, 1. 188), in virtue of a decree 
of Scamandrius, a repeal of which however. had at any rate 
been proposed ; see Andok. de Myst. 43. [The reading Kapzeds 
does not seem intelligible; a Carian is Kdp.] ottw ‘as you 
know’; perhaps ws tore has been omitted. 


376. ov8éva yap x.7.A. They (Hippias and Xenophon) were 
not spared by the Thirty, as you were, because they had not 
by their information brought any Athenian citizen to execu- 
tion. 


383-5. “Apurporrateds of the deme Amphitropé, of the tribe 77 
Antiochis. Syporys ‘a fellow demesman.’ kySeorys ‘ brother- 
in-law of Critias, who was one of the Thirty.’ Supra, 1. 4. 


385. Hh éxkrAyola Movvuxlacr see supra. 1. 220. otros i.e. 
Hagnodorus. 


390. kara. . tourl ‘in virtue of the decree which I here 
produce.’ 


394. TaédAnOH eloayyetrat see supra. 1. 342. 


397-8. ro Syplw ‘the public executioner.’ dmrerupravicOy 
‘he was beaten to death,’ [riumavoy is from rt. rum, TUT-7T-w, 
rup-pa.  Curtius, 226], fustuario necatus; see Shilleto on 
Dem. F. L. § 150. Demosthenes once again refers to the 
punishment, Philip. B. 126. It was not the ordinary mode of 
execution, which was by the hemlock draught ; but it seems to 
be characteristic of times of political revolution and violence. 
Nothing more is known of Menestratus. 


404-5. ’Aptoropdve. one of the sureties of Agoratus. tére 78 
i.e. at the time of his arrest. Vide supra, § 25. KoddAcl8Sy of 
the deme Chollidae, of the tribe Aegeis or Leontis, in both of 
which tribes there was a deme of this name. 


407-8. 1d ye ém’ éxetvov elvar ‘as far as he was concerned.’ 
Cf. the phrases éxav elvat, rd THwepov elvac. Goodwin, § 268, 


a aT RF RIOR, wt 


VE 265 


note. éx’ éxelyy is proposed by some ; but we have décor ye rotx’ 
évé, Eur. Orest. 1345; 7d éxi ogGs elva, Thucyd. 4, 28, 1, and 
other like instances. éod@ns he suddenly addresses the de- 
fendant. See 1. 528. 


413-5. ds ob kabapas . . Bacanc fia: ‘that he should be 
examined by torture as not being a pure-bred Athenian.” See 
supra, ll. 188-371. ovri see supra, |. 390. 


418. Gywvirdpevov tis Eevias ‘by standing his trial on a 
charge of being an alien’ (dix fevias). ta tryara ie. death. 
The penalty for a false claim to citizenship was slavery ; but 
in this case he would not only be declared a slave, but punished 
as a slave, i.e. tortured. 


426. ot&tv . . &elvois cwvedads ‘knowing nothing against 
them.’ See on ii 1. 113. 


427. wacGels 5t @s od ye, 7.4. ‘but being corrupted by the 
hope held out to you, that you of all people should be admitted 
to share as a citizen in the constitution then being established.” 
waoGels implies a corrupt motive. Supra, 1. 364, and ii. IL 
123, 143. 


433. ob wodAol ‘few.’ The negative belongs strictly to 
ro\Xol, and is not therefore affected by the conditional particle. 
Cf infra, vi. 538, day ob gacxy. 


435-7. ot pév yap orpatnyjoavres ‘for some of them when 
they had served as Strategi.’ érépas . . Gptavres ‘when they 
had served in other of the great offices.’ 


440-2. oi 8 atrav . . weprero(noe ‘and there were others 
of them who survived and escaped ; and these the defendant, 
as far as in him lay, put to death with cruelty (and indeed 
death-sentence was passed on them), but fortune and providence 
protected them.’ The construction is confused by the parenthe- 
tical xai @avaros atray Kareyrecbn. 


444-5. xareA@dvres ‘having come back from exile.’ For this 
technical use of xarépyoua:, see Arist. Ran. 1165, gevywr & 
Gynp fixec te xal xarépxera. For other examples, see Index. 
awd Pvifjs this is put generally for the effect of Thrasybulus’ 
occupation of Phyle. The fugitives did not of course come 
direct from Phyle, but first established themselves in the 
Peireus. See Appendix. 


~2 


451. Nuxoxdgovs wal ’Avrixdéous ‘slave of Nicokles and 80 


Antikles.’ 


266 NOTES. 


453-5. wo\ka . . Boa Kaka . . émurerqSevtar . . éyew 
‘considering how numerous are the base and shameful facts of 
his career, it would be too long a business to recount them.’ 
émurndevew an intransitive verb, yet takes the neuter accusative 
of a numeral adjective, which in the passive construction 
becomes nominative. Madv. § 27, a. Supra, v. 1. 7. 


456-8. cvkohavrias . . daréypadev. The various forms of 
legal processes set on foot by this professional informer. For 
cukodavria, see ii. 1, 140. 8(«n and ypadq are respectively ‘a 
private’ and ‘public action,’ ¢.¢. referring to some personal 
injury, or injury to the property or right of the State. See 
Classical Dicty. droypapy see ii. 16. 


460. cvkopavrias . . &pAnoev ‘you convicted him of 
Sycophancy, and he was fined 10,000 drachme.’ The fine for 
this offence lay at the discretion of the judges. Hermann, 136. 


465. Odvaros 4} {npla éorlv. Adultery was punished by 
death, according to the laws of Draco. Later jurists seem to 
have distinguished violence and seduction, and to have punished 
the former by a fine, the latter by death,—a curious reversal of 
modern ideas. Hermann, § 104. Taylor, Lect. Lys. xii- 3. 


469. mapadpuxrwpevdpevos . . AnOels ‘having been caught 
in the act of making treasonable signals to the enemy.’ ‘The 
idea of malpractice is supplied by apd, as in mapampeoBevev, 
etc. Lamachus was killed early in 414 (Thueyd. vi. 101); the 
offence, therefore, must have been before that ; and though it is 
idle perhaps to seek to fix the exact time, the occurrences in the 
autumn of 415, while the Athenians were at Catana, must have 
given many opportunities for such treason. [Thucyd. vi. 63-70.] 
For the use of such fire signals as giving definite information, 
see Herod. vii. 182. Thucyd. 2, 94; 3, 22, 9. 


471-4. dv8pdroSov efyayev ‘abducted a slave.” He would 
thereby incur the punishment of an dvdparodiwr}s, whether 
he carried off another man’s slave, or a free man into slavery. 
See iv. l. 64. maSloxny dorijs éfayaydv ‘for having abducted 
the maidservant of an Athenian lady.’ dmé0ave ‘was put to 
death.’ 


474-7. év0d8e, zc. in Athens. Awmodurqy daarhyaye ‘sum- 
marily arrested as a footpad.’ See on iv. Il. 60-4.  darorup- 
mavica. mapdote, sc. TO Snuly, see supra |. 397. 


482. #% mod ye ‘much more.’ See on ii. 1. 53. 


81 


82 





SO ae i, ee ee ae ee ee 


a ee 


TN ee 


VI. 267 


483-99. éxi trav rerpaxociey ‘in the time of the 400." For 
‘the 400’ see on v. 1. 295. Thucydides (8, 92, 2) says, without 
giving names, that Phrynichus r\yyeis tx dvdpos Tar wepirohuv 
tbs é éxiBouhijs €v TH a-yopg TANPovcy . . axéBave Tapaxphua, 
and goes on to say that the man who actually struck the blow 
esca but that his accomplice, an Argive, was taken and put 
to the torture. This cannot be reconciled with the statement 
made by the speaker. The names of the assassins, Apollodorus 
and Thrasybulus, are also given by Lycurgus, C. Leoer. § 112; 
he says that the murder took place at night (rixrwp), and that 
the assassins were taken, but afterwards released by the Demus. 
Hicks (Greek Inscriptions, p. 106) reconciles Thucydides and 
Lycurgus as to the time of the murder by asserting that & 77 
d-yopg x\nPotcy refers to the place, not the time. An inscrip- 
tion (Hicks, pp. 105-6) exists praising Thrasybulus, on the 
motion of Erasinides. Plutarch (Alcib. 25) also tells the story, 
but by a curious mistake assigns the deed to Hermon, who is 
mentioned in another connection in the same chapter of Thucy- 
dides. See Prof. Jowett’s note to Thucyd. 8, 92. 

492. >A@nvatov . . . éroifoaro ‘made him an Athenian,’ ie. 
‘voted him the citizenship.’ 

496. Badizovr: ‘on foot.’ It was close to the Senate House 
(Thucyd.) 


506-12. xafrot... évras. This passage is evidently corrupt. 83 


The clause 7a pévra . . dvras looks like a gloss of some com- 
mentator explaining the custom alluded to in ii, ‘and yet if he 
really did kill Phrynichus he should have had his name in- 
seribed (éxvypagijva: !) on the same pillar as Thrasybulus and 
Apollodorus, as being rewarded with the citizenship.” otAq 
‘an upright stone’ for inscription [Rt. o7ad, cored, créd-v, 
ora\-<. Curtius, 212] A rider to the inscription quoted on 
1. 488 does contain the name of Agoratus as well as these two. 
We learn from ii. 1. 25, that Apollodorus was rewarded with a 
grant of land. 


515-17. éSlxate . . . éypadero, cf. Il 455-6. For the form 
éfexdnotafe, see on v. 1. 506. ypadas tas é£ avOpéweyv ‘every 
kind of indictment imaginable.” The phrase appears to be used 
also by Eschines, ras €£ dv@pérwv'x\szyds, and not to be found 
elsewhere. *Avayupaows ‘inscribing his name on the indict- 
ment as belonging to the deme Anagurus’ (’Avayvpois) of the 
tribe Aeantis. For if he is a citizen he must have been entered 
on the roll of some deme and tribe, and unless he were one, he 
would not be one of those capable (ofs eer) of acting as 
prosecutor in a suit. i 


268 NOTES. 


522-6. The argument is not a strong one, because his whole 
case against Agoratus rests much on the fact that, though a 
person likely to have incurred their resentment, the Thirty had 
spared him, because of his usefulness as a spy, which would not 
have been at all lessened by his having been one of the assassins 
of Phrynichus. avrol, zc. the Thirty and their party. 


528-9. a. . ph daroxtelvas mpootoretrar ‘if on the one hand 84 
he pretends to have killed him, though he did not.’ yy is not 
dependent on e/, but involves a condition within a condition, 
‘if he pretends to have killed, and yet if he did not kill.’ ei 88 
Spbus hres in bringing forward the second horn of the dilemma 
he suddenly addresses the defendant, as in 1. 407.. The dilemma 
is this: ‘If your pretence of having killed Phrynichus is false, 

-you are a liar; if true, what mischief you must have done to 
the Democracy to secure your pardon from the Thirty !’ 


537-43. A third hold on him that you have is this: if forced 
to confess that he did not kill Phrynichus, he will not be able 
to account for his pretended citizenship, and you can then 
punish him for illegally taking part in assemblies, lawsuits, etc. 


538. édv od ddoky see l. 433. . 


544, mapackevdterOar ‘that he is preparing,’—with an idea 
of dishonesty. See ii. 1]. 122. 


545-6. ovykarf0e see supra, 1. 444, ‘returned from exile with 85 
the party of Phylé.’? See Appendix, ‘The Thirty.’ péyvorov 
dyévicpa ‘the point on which he most relies.’ 


549. rdv bd rotrov éxremrwxdtev ‘of those who owed their 
banishment to the defendant.’ Certainly this use of rovrov here 
is exceedingly awkward, referring, as it must do, to the same 
person as éo7ts. 


552-4. &vrucpus ‘straight off’ ‘without more ado.’ obmep... 
ovrAddBorev ‘to the place in which they were wont to execute 
other pirates and thieves when they caught them.’ Kkakodpyos 
in legal language meant a ‘thief,’ one of the class of offenders 
who could be summarily convicted. Cf. Demosth. 732, where 
Kako0pyo. matpadolat dorpdrevro are classed together, and the 
first afterwards explained by éav rt GX@ Kor js. 


555-6. “Avuros who was afterwards one of the accusers of 
Socrates. noneyeee (Hell. 2, 3, 42) represents Theramenes as 
classing him with Thrasybulus, who has generally the sole credit 
of the occupation of Phylt, orparnyav émi budijv, ‘commanding 


Lise 269 


the expedition to occupy Phylé.’ Svaxéowro ‘ were in a position.’ 
The form is Ionic, but was used by the Attic writers (e.g. 
Thucyd. 4, 33); the e being always retained in subjunctive and 
optative, except in the Epic form, xjra. Il. xix. 32. See Veitch. 
[The stem is xe, xe?-pat, Kol-rn, Kot-us-w. Lat. qgui-eo, ci-vi-s. 
Root Ki. Curtius, 145.] 


562. <lmep teddov cwlfoeobar ‘if they were to be saved.’ 
For construction of wéAdw see iL 1. 164. 


563-66. GAN €repov ‘ but here is another fact.’ The raglapxos 
would place a man in the ranks according to his tribe, there 
being one Taxiarch for each of the ten tribes. See Class. Dicty. 
and supra, 1. 45. adttynpte ‘one polluted,’ i.e. with the crime 
of murder. [d\craivyw frcrov ‘to sin.’] 


568. ai StadAayal mpds aAAHAOUs ‘the mutual agreement,’ 
i.e. between the party of the city and that of Peireus. Sec 
Appendix. 

569. tiv twopmhv the procession to the temple of Athene on 
the Acropolis, as a sign of all being once more united under the 
guardian goddess of the city (woXcovxos). 


572. cuvérestre tiv wom ‘was taking part in the proces- 86 
sion,’ cognate accus. Gor, see supra, |. 165. 


574. @evro ra Srda ‘had halted’; lit. ‘grounded arms.’ 
mpos Tais mvAats ‘close to the gates.’ 


586-7. tH rl Duddy 68 ‘the fact of his having gone to 
Phylé.’ trodapPavew xpq ‘you must retort by asking him.’ 


589. ovx ela, see on iv. 1. 39. 
595. mpoOerplay ‘statute of limitations.’ See on ii. 1.115. 87 


599-602. kaxdéy ti trovotvras ‘as being guilty of doing some 
ee to people.’ 8€ov . . mpoofjKov accus. absolute, see on ii. 
. 98. 


604. et aitopdpw TH atraywyy see on iv. 1. 64. 


608. paerrevyy ‘as though he were, on the one hand, liable 88 
to the arrest if the words (éx’ atropwpw) had not been added to 
the writ ; and yet, on the other hand, considers that their sub- 
sequent addition afforded him some loophole for escape.’ ws 
belongs to évoxos av. The speaker argues that whatever 
irregularity there was consisted in the original omission of 
these words, not in their subsequent addition. 


270 NOTES. 


613-18. edterGat ‘to be acquitted.’ SoKxotor . . Srov dv y 
‘but I think that the Eleven who received this arrest, not 
thinking at the time that they were helping Agoratus, and 
being strongly of opinion that Dionysius made the arrest with 
strict justice,— by way of forcing him to complete it, added 
the words ér’ atropwpw then or at some subsequent time.’ <A 
man summarily arrested was brought before the Eleven, and 
the speaker seems to mean that they considered the omission of 
the words ém’ atvropwpw as a mere technical inaccuracy, and 
caused the évdeéts to be amended by their addition. But the 
text is obscure. The argument, too, is fallacious, for in none 
but a rhetorical sense could Agoratus be said to be detected 
‘in the act’ of murder. 6s ‘a man who.’ See on ii. ll. 98, 
153. 


622. Sfrov ‘I presume,’ introducing a supposition which the 
speaker considers manifestly absurd. Supra, 1. 349. 


624. & ye rod cod Adyov ‘according to your argument their 
will be no murderer producible of the men whose death you 
caused.’ 


631-2. Spkwv kal . . ovvOnxav here refers to the oaths and 89 
agreement of amnesty made finally between the party of the 
Peireus and of the Asty, from which the only exceptions were 
to be the Thirty, and the Eleven who served under them, and 
the ten commissioners appointed by them to govern the Peirzus. 


633. dywvlterat ‘he is being put on his trial.’ See supra, 
1. 418. 


636. yotv ‘at least,’ introducing a reason confirming what 
has just been said, see iv. 1. 143. ‘By urging the amnesty he 
acknowledges his crime; at least he is always putting up 
technical pleas to bar proceedings.’ 


637. é adtrodépw the addition of these words, as referred to 
above, 1. 613-8. 


638. atta 8& to modypar. ‘but on the bare merits of his 
case.’ 


643-4. ot8v Hyotpat . . rodrov ‘I do not consider to be in 
point as between us and him.’ The argument that the agree- 
ment, being between the city party and the party of Peireus, 
did not cover the case of a man who was of the same party 
as his prosecutors, has been often blamed as wholly sophistical. 
But it is not substantially inequitable. Agoratus had deserted 
the city party, and been rejected by the party of the Peirus 


Ni: 271 


and might in a sense be considered outside the agreement 
altogether ; that is to say, if the speaker has given a true view 
of the facts. 


646-7. elxov dv. . cvv@iKkat ‘the agreement would have 
given him something to go upon.’ 


649. ot rotrov Tipwpodpevor ‘who are now seeking to punish 
him.’ 


653-5. td rod Shpov. Some word or words are lost, perhaps 90 
AOnvaios werorjoOa, ‘that he has been made a citizen by the 
Demus.’ datverat kaxooas ‘is shown to have injured.’ See 
ii. 1, 119. 


655-7. kal ddels . . éylyvero ‘and is shown to have abandoned 
and betrayed the persons by whose means it (the Demus) was 
ever exalted and strengthened.’ éxetvos refers to the Demus. 
The imperfect éytyvero is used because the influence of these 
men was continuous. 


659-60. rév . . mounrdv tarépa sc. the Demus, as in 1. 654. Kal 
Sta totro ‘even for this if there were no other reason.’ Kara 
Tov. . Kak@oews vopov ‘in virtue of the law regarding the doing 
an injury to a father.’ To strike or ill-use a parent was an 
offence punishable by fine, disfranchisement, or death: the suit 
was called ypagy xaxwoews yovéwy. See Arist. Av. 1344. Nub. 
1419-1430. 


665. éréoxynav. See ll. 28, 287, 
668. éuBpaxv ‘in a word.’ 


676-7. vuvi 84 ‘now at any rate.’ 6 emphasises the pre- 
ceding word, see supra, 1. 11. @mwe. . amévynoxKov ‘since at 
the time of their condemnation,’ ‘when they were being put 
to death,’ imperfect because the whole period preceding their 
death is meant, during which many were condemned. 


680-1. évOupetobe . . épydonoGe ‘and take care that you do 
not commit what would be the cruellest thing of all.’ 


683-5. rotro z.¢. his acquittal. @dvarov karaynoiterde ‘you 
are really passing sentence of death upon.’ 


690-2. obrot . . yevirovrat ‘these very men shall pass the 91 
same sentence upon them as did the Thirty.’ 


697-8. kal rév Kowav .. iStwv ‘both those which were 
common to the State and those which affected individuals.’ 


272 NOTES. 


703. re & mpooqKe ‘and besides it is but your duty to 
record a vote opposite to that of the Thirty,’ 


713-15. wpGrov piv . . rata. . reaira ‘in the first place 92 
. in the second place . . in the third place.’ 


ORATION VII. [14]. 


[‘ Though,’ says Plutarch, ‘we have no account from any writer 
concerning the mother of Nicias or Demosthenes, of Lamachus or 
Phormion, of Thrasybulus or Theramenes, notwithstanding that 
these were all illustrious men of the same period, yet we know 
even the nurse and paedagogus of Alcibiades.’ Doubtless the 
curiosity and interest felt in the career of Alcibiades was out 
of proportion to his actual achievements. His beauty, his lavish 
expenditure, his eccentric wilfulness, his accomplishments, his 
personal daring, his extraordinary political career,—all made him 
a favourite object of gossip and amused or malevolent anecdote. 
But though the people might talk of him with that mixture of 
admiration and disapproval which is apt to follow the lawless 
daring of a highborn reprobate, yet he had injured or offended too 
many individuals to escape the punishment which rhetoricians can 
inflict. Accordingly we find more than one elaborately worked-up 
indictment against his memory. 

The first is that usually attributed to Andocides (Orat. 4), 
which at any rate is by some contemporary speech - writer. 
Another is the one now before us, professedly delivered in a 
prosecution of his son for a breach of military law, yet quite half 
devoted to an attack upon the career of the father. We find, too, 
in the speech written in the defence of this same young man by 
Isocrates (xvi. rept rod fevyous), that the career of the father is 
the one object of the defence, and we may presume, therefore, was 
the chief subject of the attack. After reading these speeches, and 
deducting the most glaring falsehoods, one is surprised to find how 
weak in some respects the case against him is, and how easy it 
would be to adopt the more indulgent view of him which Plutarch 
seems to have entertained. 

As for the son, if we may trust the account here given of him, 
he had all the vices of his father, without his power; and led a 
roving, almost piratical, life, without any compensation in the way 
of public services or private magnificence. Nor has he shared 
with his father the honour of being remembered. Hardly any 
particulars of his life are attainable. He tells us (Isocr. xvi. § 
45-6) that when he was quite an infant his mother died, and his 
father was banished (B.c. 415) ; that before he was four years old 


VIL. 273 


he was in danger of being put to death, being held as a hostage 
for his father, who failed to appear to answer the charges against 
him ; that he was banished by the Thirty when he was still a child 
(wats) B.c. 404-3 ; that on the restoration of the Demus he did not 
get the grant of land which others did, in compensation for his 
property confiscated by the Thirty ; and was, moreover, defendant 
in a suit, the damages in which were laid at five talents. He seems 
to have inherited the personal peculiarities of his father, and 
Plutarck (Alcib. I.) quotes Archippus the comic poet’s description 
of him: Badlfec duaxexdws Potudrcov EXkww, érws eudepys TP 
marpl pddiora Sdtevev elvat, kAacavxeveveral Te Kal rpavNferac 
And this, together with the vituperation of our speech, is all that 
we know of him. 

The present charge against him (ypagh Aeuroragiov) arose from 
the fact of his having served in the cavalry in a certain campaign ; 
whereas the speaker asserts that (1) he had been put in the list of 
hoplites by the Strategi, and (2) that he had not passed the 
scrutiny (doxcuacia) which every one by law had to pass before 
serving in the cavalry. The contention is that the offence of 
Aerorakia may be committed in two ways :— 

(1) not appearing in the army when put in the list (derpareia) ; 
(2) falling to the rear on the advance of the enemy (deta) ; 
and that the defendant is guilty on the first count, because he did 
not appear, as he should, among the hoplites; and guilty on the 
second, because his serving in the cavalry instead of the infantry 
was really deMlas évexa. And that if his appearing among the 
knights acquits him of dorpareia, he is still liable for serving 
among the knights without having passed his scrutiny. The 
penalty in either case is dryufa. ‘The trial is before a panel of 

soldiers, presided over by the Strategi. 

The question remains as to what campaign it was in which this 
happened. There are two indications in the speech,—(1) there 
was no battle fought (§ 5); (2) this was the first trial of the 
sort since the Peace, 7.e. the pacification after the Revolution, 
B.c. 403 (§ 4). Professor Jebb concludes from these and other 
considerations, that the expedition meant was that sent out to 
assist the Thebans and relieve Haliartus, besieged by Lysander, 
B.C. 895. Before the Athenians arrived, however, Lysander had 
been defeated and killed, and the Lacedemonians had to submit to 
be led back by Pausanias. See note on 1. 32, and Attic Orators, 
vol. i. p. 257.] 


4-6. kal ed ph tis. . Tvyxave. The clause takes the place 
of an accusative after mpoojxe, ‘It is every one’s duty, even if 
he do not chance to be personally wronged by him, to regard 
him as an enemy as much as if he had been, because of the 


r 


274 NOTES. 


other actions of his life.” &Adev, zc. other than the personal 
wrongs of each individual. 


9. rod Aowrod ‘in the future,’ genitive of ‘the time within 93 
which.’ Goodwin, § 179. Cp. vuxrés, uépas, x.7.0, 


10. wempaypéva, sc. duapriuara. dy attracted into the case 
of an antecedent pronoun understood after évios. Goodwin, § 
153, note 1. 


13. mpds tovs warépas, z.c. the speaker’s father, and the 
elder Alcibiades. 


16-17. je bpav ‘with your countenance and assistance.’ 
avrov rinwphoacQas ‘to get full vengeance on him,’ ‘ punish him 
once for all.’ Notice the force of the aorist. 


21. Ka® exacrrov ‘in detail,’ opposed to év Kepadalos, vi. 
1. 237. 


22-5. elkds rolyuy . . yevéobar ‘Now it is- reasonable, 
gentlemen jurors, that men acting as jurors for the first time 
since the peace in atrial of this sort should be regarded not as 
merely jurors, but as law-makers themselves.’ vopo8éras the 
Nomothetae were a select committee of the jurors for the year 
appointed to revise the laws and prepare new ones when neces- 
sary. Hermann, § 131. He of course here means not that the 
jurymen were technically Nomothetae, but that they should 
regard themselves as such practically ; insomuch that now, 
deciding on a case for the first time under the new régime, they 
would be setting a precedent which would be really a law. 


29. StarapBdvew ‘define.’ The sense of the word may be 
seen by Demosth. 278, or7Aas diada8av rods dpous, ‘having 
marked out the boundaries by pillars.’ 


30. pé&Ade cvvolrev. See ii. 1. 164. 94 


32. evoxds tore Actrroratlov, sc. ypadijs ‘liable to the charge 
of desertion.’ In 1. 353 we have évoxyos 7H ypady; ef. 1. 44: 
the dative is the more natural construction, but it admits of 
the genitive on the analogy of other verba accusandi. Madv. 


32-3. paxny yap ovdeplav yeyovévar. No direct indication of 
the campaign referred to is given; but the facts correspond to 
that of 395 B.c., in which the Athenians sent a force to 
Haliartus, before the arrival of which the Spartans were 


ae 


 ipstheteeaiime 


Wh AE 275 


defeated and Lysander killed. Jebb, A#. Or. vol. i. pp. 257-8 ; 
Xen. Hell. 3, 5, 16. ov S& vépov KeXetvev ‘ whereas the regula- 
tions of the law are.’ 


35-6. wept rovrov . . Sixafav ‘that the soldiers should try 
such an one.’ The court that tried military offences was com- 
posed of soldiers presided over by the Strategi. 


37-8. émdcot av . . otparia. ‘such as fail to appear in the 
ranks,’ i.e. as opposed to those who, though appearing, show 
cowardice in the battle. This offence, he contends, has nothing 
to do with a battle ; it consists in a non-attendance on parade. 


43. rhv hAuxiay tavrny ‘either the age of the defendant,’ or 
(more generally) ‘the military age’: he says tavrnv as being 
well known to his hearers, and naturally suggested by the 
subject. The younger Alcibiades, according to Isocrates de 
big., § 45, was born in the year of or just before the banish- 
ment of his father, B.c. 415. He would therefore be in B.c. 
395 about twenty. The military age was fiom the time a man 
became ephebus (see iv. 1. 209) to sixty. 


44, xatadéfwowv. See on iii. 1. 18. 


45. Sd to vdpw i.e. to both provisions of the law,—that 95 


against cowardice on the field as well as that which regarded 
non-appearance. 


49-50. mwapéoxe . . Tafa ‘submitted to be piaced in his 
proper place in the ranks with the rest.’ After rapéoxe must 
be understood raicdpxos or ctpatyyots. For the use of wapéxew 
‘to place oneself at the disposal of,’ followed by active infin., 
see Tots larpoits mapéxovot . . amotéuvew Kal amoxdew, Xen. 


Mem. 1, 2, 54 (L. and Sc.) S8éov acc. abs. See ii. 1. 98, ete. 


55. éav tis GSoxiuacros immety ‘if any one serve in the 
cavalry without passing his scrutiny.’ The cavalry was under 
the special charge of the Boulé, under whose auspices the 
scrutiny would take place. The object of it would probably be 
to secure that only those of the right class (r{unua) served in it. 
This appropriation of cavalry service dates from the time of 
Solon, but seems to have been loosely observed since Pericles 
introduced military pay. The Knights received pay even in 
time of peace, which would partly account for the endeavour of 
men, not qualified, to be put in their ranks, as we have seen did 
take place [on iii. 1. 18]. See Hermann, § 152. According to 
Lycurgus (apud Harpocr. s.v. doxtuacia) there were three classes 
of officials who had to pass the scrutiny, viz. Archons, 
Strategi. Rhetores,—and besides them the Knights. 


276 NOTES, 


60. ottws . . Tots modenlous Weroe ‘he so feared the enemy.’ 
Besides the social and pecuniary motives for wishing to serve 
in the cavalry, the less dangerous nature of the service would 
influence many. 


66. H pera T&v modtrdv elvar ‘rather than take up his posi- 
tion in the ranks with his fellow citizens.’ This of course 
does not imply that the cavalry were not fellow citizens. The 
speaker is thinking of the many citizens as good as Alcibiades 
who were performing the duty which he shirked. 


71-4. ottw yap . . ddiKotvras ‘for they had laid their plans 96 
not on the supposition that the city would perish, but that it 
would survive and be powerful, and exact punishments from 
those who broke its laws.’ By using rapecxevacpuévor he means 
to imply that Alcibiades deliberately and with treasonable 
design broke the laws (see on ii. 1. 122). 


76. émuotépevos sc. immeioca: ‘without having learnt the 
cavalry drill.’ 


77. &s otk erdpevov ‘as though it would never be in the 
power of the State.’ The accusative abs. of fut. part., as ov 
in the present. 


79-81. el éérrar . . aipetobar. He is speaking especially of 
military subordination. tpas ovddéyerOar ‘that you soldiers 
should be empanelled.’ See supra, 1. 36. 


82-6. édv—yévnrat ‘if a man as the enemy are coming on, 
having been stationed in the front rank, is found in the second.’ 
The genitive 74s mpaérns ta&ews may perhaps be regarded as a 
partitive genitive, ‘being appointed to form part of the front 
rank’; or it may be looked upon as a genitive of place like 
apiorephs xepos in Herodotus, see Goodwin, § 179, 2. rotrov.. 
Sedrlav kataynlterbar ‘to vote such a man guilty of cowardice’ ; 
a common construction with verbs compounded with xard, ef. 
for instance 7av d\\wy puplay xaryydper, Xen. Mem. 1, 3, 4. 
avadavy ‘suddenly turns up ;’ dvapalvecOac conveys an idea of 
suddenness or unexpectedness, like repente. Cf. Dem. Cor. 
328, prrwp ckalpyys ex Tis Novxlas omwep rveiua avedayn. 


88-90. fyotpar . . aoufre ‘I imagine that you are empanelled 97 
not only to punish actual offenders, but also to reduce all other 
offenders against discipline to a better mind,’ ze. the object of 
legal penalties is not penal only, but deterrent also. Cf. Plat. 
Prot. 824 B, 6 pera Adyou émcxepdv Kordfew od mapednAvOdros 
évexa adtxnuaros Timwpetrat , . GAG TOU uédNOVTOS xXapiY, iva ph 





VIL 277 


ablis ddicxjoy wire atrés obros unre EXos 6 Totrov idcaw Kodac- 
Gévra. 


102. dxoopotvras used here and above, 1. 90, in a military 
sense, ‘ offenders against discipline.’ 


108-9. of & rol éxrparevovro understand 7déws dv, ‘ while 
others would have been glad enough to have served as light- 
armed troops,’ i.e. as archers, slingers, javelin men, etc., who 
had not to carry the heavy shield and thorax ; who were there- 
fore less exposed in battle, and had less exhausting duties to 
perform. wrdol is a certain emendation for gid. éxwStvevov 
sc. #déws ay ‘would have been glad to run their risk whatever 
it was.’ 


120-1. ovx akotvres . . katayvevar ‘demanding that you 98 
should not condemn.’ The negative is joined with ditéw as 
with @npi and édw, see on iv. 1. 39. as éxetvoyv ‘on the ground 
that he,’ ete. 


123. &v & ryAtxotrov ‘whom (i.e. the elder Alcibiades) if 
you had put to death at the age of this young man.’ We are 
reminded of Aristophanes’ comment on the policy of the 
Athenians towards Alcibiades, Ran. 1432, uddiora wév NéovTa 


ph ’v wore Tpépey | Hy F exrpégy tis Tots tpdwas banperetv. 


127. & avrod piv éxelvov ‘if while you passed sentence of 
death upon that personage himself, you shall acquit his son 
when he commits a crime for his sake.’ Alcibiades was 
sentenced to death in 415 B.c. as contumacious for not appear- 
ing to answer the charge of having profaned the Mysteries. 
Plut. Alcib. 22. 


130. pera trav wodeplw i.¢. with the Spartans, and especially 
in the matter of Decelea, Plut. Alc. 23. 


131-3. kal Ste. . or at ‘nay, when as a baby he had not 
as yet shown what he was going to be.’ The young Alcibiades, 
we learn from Isocr. de big. § 47, was in his fourth year when 
he was thus seized as a hostage for his father. He was not put 
to death, I suppose, because such a cruelty was a freak of free- 
dom beyond even an Athenian demus. For the tense éorar 
retained from the direct speech, see Goodwin, 242b. déAlyov 
‘within a little.’ Goodwin, § 172 b. rots évSea 
‘was delivered to the Eleven,’ ¢.e. for execution, see iv. l. 60. 


140-2. ‘The great deeds of their ancestors will not help us to 99 
recover from the enemy what their ill discipline loses us, and 


278 NOTES. 


therefore it is not fair they should escape punishment for the 
sake of these ancestral achievements.’ tds . . dperds ‘the 
noble deeds.’ Cf. Andoc., Or. i. p. 18, d&@ xdpol Gia Tas Tov 
Tpoyovuy apeTas cwrnplav yevér Oat. 


145-7. For the sentiment, see on iii. ]. 119. 


148-51. airdvror ‘try to beg him off.’ d&td—dpylterSar 
‘I think one ought to be angry.’ ebpérOat ‘to obtain what 
they sought,’ cf. vi. 1. 64. 


156-7. ptdoripotpevor . . Sdivavrar ‘pluming themselves on 
their influence in being able to get off even those who have 
been notoriously guilty of illegal conduct.’ 


158. mpGrov pév answered by érecra in |. 161, without 6é. 
Cf. v. 1. 365. 


165. atrol otro. ‘these very men,’ ic. the Strategi, or men 
in equivalent positions. 


170. pndev Exovres Sixavov ‘ without having any justificatory 
plea to offer.’ 


172. émvopkety ‘to break your oath,’ z.e. the oath you took as 
jurors. The oath is given in full in Demosth. 746. There is 
no special clause which an acquittal in this case could be said 
to violate, except the general one, Yydioiuar kara Tovs vouous, 
K.T.A. 


178. fs .. &kotrar ‘which (baseness) it is right that you 
should hear described.’ The thing heard is usually in the 
accusative, the person in the genitive. We have oyyijs 
xTbrov axovew in the Odyssey (12, 198), but this usage is wholly 
Epic. The genitive here is justified by the fact of wovnpia not 
being heard, but heard about; he might have written epi js. 
So in Arist. Ach. 306, trav éuév orovddy dxovcare. Clyde, 


S72 


180-1. as ratra . . yeyevnpévov ‘on the plea that although 
he had committed this fault, yet in other respects he had been 
a good citizen.’ 


184-6. trav drodoyoupévav drrodéxerOe . . dperds ‘ you allow 
of defendants quoting their own good deeds.’ See Mady. § 60, 
1; Goodwin, § 171, note 1. 


188. tods debyovras ‘defendants,’ not this particular de- 
fendant, but defendants as a class. 


101 


VIL 279 


191. map’ Apxedijpw to yAdpove ‘at the house of Archedemus 
the Blear-eyed.’ Archedemus was a demagogue who took a 
prominent part in the prosecution of the generals after the 
battle of Arginuse. He held some official position as rfs 
AekeXelas émipedovmevos, 7.e. demarchus of the deme Decelea, 
Xen. Hell. 1, 7, 1, and was attacked by the Comedians as an 
alien and a vexatious person, see Arist. Ran. 416 :— 


PovNeoOe Sijra Kowy 

oxwoywpev Apyédnuov 

6s érérns ay ovK Epuce ppdropas 

vuvl dé Snuaywyet 

év Tols Gvw vexpoict 

kdoTly Ta Tpra THs éxel pox Onplas. 
To which passage the scholiast quotes a line of Eupolis as 
referring to the same person, émixwpios 6é éote kal tévyns amd 
x9ovds. His personal defect of ‘sore eyes’ is also alluded to in 
the Rane, 588. For the word yAépeov and its equivalent 
yAapupés (quoted by the scholiast to Arist., from Sophocles), 
and connected with Anuav, Anun, and the Latin gramiz, 
gramiosus, see Curtius, 541. 


191-2. ok dAlya .. bbypnpévo ‘who had been guilty of much 
peculation of public money.’ This was a common accusation 
to bring against public men, sometimes no doubt deserved, but, 
as is shown in x. § 48-9, often ill grounded. 


192. él to oTpHpare ‘on the dinner couch,’ usually called 
kw, but which is called 7a orpwpara in Arist. Vesp. 1213. 
The speaker probably uses the word ‘ bed’ purposely to heighten 
the picture of depravity. The presence of such a woman asa 

est at a banquet would be against Athenian ideas of propriety. 
Kopate used of licentious conduct, Demosthenes (?), 1356. 


198. érelSy . . npdprave ‘upon his outrageous conduct 
beginning to be notorious.’ Notice the tense, and the intensive 
ék. 


200. Soris . . SteBEBANTO ‘if he lived such a life as to have 
become scandalous even to that man who used to be the in- 
structor of others in such things,’ z.e. how bad he must be te 
shock such a man as the elder Alcibiades! For éo7is, see on 
i, 30. For 6:aBddXecGar ‘to lose credit with,’ see ii. 1. 181. 


201. pera Ocoripov . . mpotSwxey ‘having conspired with 
Theotimus against his father, he betrayed Oreus to him.’ We 
know neither the circumstances nor anything of Theotimus. 
Oreus is a town in Eubcea, and if the reading is right the elder 


280 NOTES. 


Alcibiades must have had a castle there. Scheibe reads ’Opveds. 
Ornez was a town in Argolis, destroyed in B.c. 416 (Thucyd. 6, 
7, 2), and it is perhaps more probable that Alcibiades had a 
castle there than at Oreus; but it is a matter of guess work 
altogether. 


202-3. 6 8é, ze. Theotimus. 1d xwplov ‘the fortified place.’ 


205-6. eloemparrero ‘tried to exact money,’ 7.e. as ransom from 102 
his father, as though he had taken the boy prisoner. &pacxe 
‘used to say’; a very characteristic remark. 


207. éxelyov, z.e. the elder Alcibiades, who was murdered in 
B.c. 404. 


208. "ApxeBdSys was one of those declared to be present in 
the house of Polytion at the desecration of the Mysteries by 
Alcibiades. Andoc. 1, 13. 


209. karakuBetoas ta Svra ‘having gambled away all his 
property.’ So Aschines speaks of money: émeidh tadra drohwde 
Kat KaraxexvBevro Kal karwyopdynro (Timarch. § 95). «vor are 
dice, the game is xuBela, the gambling house xuSeta or cxipdgea, 
see Becker’s Charicles, pp. 354-5. 


210. é& Acvkfis axriis . . xarerdvrifey ‘setting sail from 
Leuké Akté (white headland), he tried to drown his friends.’ 
Harpocration tells us that there were many places called Aevxa, 
and that this one was probably in the Propontis. But if the 
reading in ]. 202, ’Qpedy, is right, it would seem more naturally 
to be the Leuké Akté in Eubcea, which was about thirty-five 
miles from Sunium, Strab. 343, 10. Strabo mentions two other 
places called Aevxi dxrh, one in Thrace in the Propontis, and 
another in Libya (284, 11; 679, 11). 


214. ‘Immévucos. We do not know the man nor the fact of 
his having married Alcibiades’ sister, except from this passage ; 
but we know that Alcibiades the elder married a daughter 
of this family, one of the oldest and wealthiest of Athens, 
whose representatives were called Callias and Hipponicus 
alternately. See Dicty. of Biography and Plut. Ale. 8. 


215. e€émepe ‘divorced,’ said of the man; the woman was 
said dmodelrev. toddods tmapakadéoas ‘having called many 
persons to witness it.’ Nor further formality seems to have been 
required, but a check upon many capricious divorces was secured 
by the fact that the husband had to restore the dowry to the 
woman’s xtptos. Such a divorce, however, was disgraceful to 


Vit. 281 


the woman. Becker (Char. p. 497) refers to Stobeus, 74, 1, 
who gives a fragment of Aegzatdcce 

xarerh, eyo cot, Kai xpogdytns, & Téxvov 

606s €or, ws Tov warép’ dwreNGety olkade 

rapa Tavépos, % Tis €or Koopla yur}. 

6 yap SiavNés éotrw aicxurny Exuv. 


222. arohoylay . . dpaprnpérev ‘regulating his own life so as 
to make it a standing defence for his father’s misdemeanours.’ 
drodoyia i is here used metaphorically in a sense nearly equivalent 


to our ‘apology.’ 


224-6. Gorwep Suvapevos k.t.A. ‘as though he would be likely 
to sueceed in transferring to others the very smallest share of 
the disgraces which belong to himself.’ oAdAoordv ‘the 
many-eth part,’ ‘one of an “indefinitely large number,’ just as 
xeuoords = ‘the last of a series of 1000.’ xal rad@’ ‘and that 
too.’ 


227-30. Here follows an enumeration of the public crimes of 
Alcibiades; the chief of which, and the one Veast forgotten, 
was the part he took in advising the occupation and fortification 
of Decelea by the Spartans in B.c. 414-3, ‘which above every- 

reduced and wasted the substance of the Athenians.” 
Plutarch, Ale. 23. 


233-5. totrwy ‘of this family.’ xare\OdvrTa ‘having returned 103 


from exile.’ see on vi 1. 444. He refers to the return of 
Alcibiades in 407 B.c. The people met him at the harbour and 
presented him with garlands, and afterwards voted him garlands 
of gold and the restoration of his estates. Plut. Alcib. 32-3. 


234. dOtora: ‘he has been much accustomed,’—who? adtrod 
and roérov prevent us from taking Alcibiades as the subject of 
the verb. As there is no authority for the use of el&ora: as 
passive impersonal, we must suppose the subject to be the 
advocate of Alcibiades. 


237. a ‘should be prejudiced in his reputation.” 
See supra; 1. 200. 


238. Swpeds . . AdefMeofe The second disgrace of Alcibiades 
followed the battle of Notium 3.c. 407 (September—October). 


244. xpirat wapadeiypare ‘he quotes as a precedent.’ 
245. wept ris éavrot wovnplas ‘in support of his own base- 


282 NOTES, 


247-9. kal ydp . . mpooBadetv referring to the occupation of 
Phylé and then of Peireus by Thrasybulus and the popular 
party in B.c. 404-3. See Appendix ‘The Thirty.’ Seva 
Tewetv they would have to cut down trees for use in fortifica- 
tions, and also for fire. This was one of the chief mischiefs 
caused to Attica by the frequent invasions during the Pelo- 
ponnesian war, see on ii. 1. 37. Tad telxn mpooBadeiv ‘made 
assaults on the city walls,’ z.e. from the Peireus. 


251-4. as rdv adtav. . thy wédw ‘as though, forsooth, men 
who being in exile invaded their country in alliance with her 
enemies, were in no worse a position than those who effected their 
own restoration, when the Spartans were in occupation of the 
city.’ The popular party, he says, certainly made an invasion, 
but it was when the enemy were in possession. Whereas 
Alcibiades—when legally an exile—joined these very same 
enemies in their attacks. 


255. ovror pév, sc. Alcibiades and his friends. 


259-60. Kal tots Bovdopévous Sovdedev ‘even those of them 
who wished to be slaves,’ ¢.e. the party who were content with the 
rule of the Thirty, and the practical subjection to the Spartans. 


260-1. aor’ . . movetrat ‘So that he uses similar language 
about the two parties, while the facts are not at all similar.’ 
With rovs Adyous supply dpolovs. 


266-272. Any one knows enough of politics to be able to tell 
the enemy what strongholds they should seize, what forts are 
ill guarded, what are his country’s weak points, which of her 
allies are ready to revolt. To do this only requires a man to be 
base: it does not show that he is powerful. BovAdpevos etvar 
movnpos ‘ provided he is willing to play the traitor.’ 


272-9. ‘How can it be said that the damage he did us was a 
sign of his power ; when on his recall he had no power to carry 
out the war against the enemy, or undo the mischief he had 
done?’ 

-The cause of Alcibiades’ second disgrace was his failure to effect 
the reduction of Chios and Miletus, which the people confidently 
expected of him. Plut. Ale. 35. This disappointment was 
completed by the unfortunate affair of Notium, which, however, 
was not the fault of Alcibiades (n.c. 407, Sept.-Oct.) modAdv 
Aipte tpifpwv on his return he was put in chief command of the 
Athenian fleet as one of the ten Strategi, in which office, after 
his disgrace, he was succeeded by Conon, 


104. 


| 





VIL 283 


285-6. trooxépevos . . xpfpara this promise was one which 105 
Alcibiades had made before, at the time of the 400, see v. 1. 295. 
He found himself baffled in his attempt to obtain Persian 
money by the friendship formed between Lysander and Cyrus ; 
and was much put to it to find the funds he wanted for his 
fleet. Plut. Alcib. 35. 


287-292. Alcibiades, upon being superseded after the battle of 
Notium, did not return to Athens, the speaker insinuates, 
for fear of his ev@vvat, really because he knew that his life would 
not be safe. Plutarch (ch. 36) says, ‘As soon as Alcibiades 
heard of this (de. that he was superseded) he immediately 
quitted the army altogether, afraid of what might follow; and 
collecting a body of mercenaries, he made war upon his own 
account against those Thracians who called themselves free and 
acknowledged no king; by which means he amassed to him- 
self a considerable treasure, and at the same time secured the 
bordering Greeks from the incursions of the Barbarians.’ If this 
is a true representation it will be seen that the expression Opéxns 

. €BovdeTo roXirns yevécOa is a mere rhetorical flourish. 


293-6. Kal rd TeAevTatov . . mpodotvat ‘and finally, to cap all 
his former baseness, he had the hardihood along with Adeiman- 
tus to betray the ships to Lysander,’ 7.c. at AXxgospotami. Adei- 
mantus was spared by Lysander after the battle, while his 
colleague Philocles was killed, and he was vehemently suspected 
of having held treasonable correspondence with Lysander. 
Xen. 2, 1, 32. Demosthenes (F. L. 211) refers to a prosecution 
of Adeimantus by Conon, probably on this charge. Theallega- 
tion that Alcibiades was involved in the same treason is not 
supported by Plutarch, who expressly says that he tried to 
rouse the Athenians to a sense of the danger of their position, 
and the advisability of removing to Sestos, but was received 
with anger and contempt, see ch. 36-7,—a statement also con- 
firmed by Nepos, Alc. ch. 8. But nothing is too bad to throw 
at a political opponent by an Attic orator. 


302. tov mpdérammov airod ‘ His (i.e. the elder Alcibiades’) 
great-grandfather. He is mentioned in Isocrat. de bigis. 10, as 
taking a leading part in expelling the Peisistratids. Alcibiades 
the younger there calls him rpérazmzos rod tarps Tovpod. 


303-5. Tov matpds mpds pytpds mammov ‘his great-great- 
grandfather on his mother’s side.’ The pedigree is this, 
Megacles (who opposed Peisistratus)—Cleisthenes (the Reformer) 
—Megacles (Pind. Pyth. vii. 15)— Deinomache married to 
Clinias, father of Alcibiades. 8ls dpdorépovs eEwotpdkioav 
it seems doubtful whether the word is not here an anachronism. 


284 NOTES. 


Diodorus (xi. 55) supposes ostracism to have been introduced 
by Cleisthenes after the expulsion of the Peisistratids. See 
Hermann, § 111. But at any rate, as both this ancestral 
Alcibiades and Megacles were in leading opposition to Peisistra- 
tus or his sons, there is no difficulty in accounting for their 
being twice banished. 


306. ot mperBirepor tpav ‘the older men of the present 
generation.’ This refers to the condemnation of Alcibiades for 
contumacy. See supra, 1. 127. 


311. tdv 8pKkewy, see supra, 1. 172. 


314. mpds pév . . &AdAws 8 ‘should he do so on the ground 
that while in their public life they have been unfortunate, yet 
in other respects they are orderly ?’ 


318-19. of 8§ puvorfpia . . mepikekdhact. This was the 
common accusation against Alcibiades, see Plut. Ale. 18-19; 
Andok. de Myst. 62; Thucyd. 6, 27-29. Andocides says that 
all the Herme were so mutilated, except one, that one being 
close to his (Andocides’) father’s house. Jowett, Thucyd. 1. c. 


321-3. d8lkws . . modvrevdpevor ‘without regard to law or 
justice in their behaviour to the rest of the world, or their 
political conduct towards each other.’ odds avtods ‘their own 
partizans,’ nearly equivalent to a\djAous. 


327-8. kal pev 84 ‘now it is true enough.’ #5y ‘ before now.’ 


332. od8evds dts éorw ‘has no ability.’ émweSdav daro- 
Aoyfrat ‘the moment he begins his defence.’ 


334. dAAG pev 84 ‘nay, to go on to another point.’ adda 
shows that a possible objection is being anticipated. vi. 1. 354. 


336. mpatrev adivaros ‘without any faculty for negotia- 
tion.’ 


339. adrov. . dvdAdrreo Oar ‘to avoid provoking him.’ 
345. Karnyopyka peroravi, ‘I have made my accusation.’ 
349. moddoorbyv pépos. see supra, 1. 224. 


350-3. ‘Having taken into account what has been omitted as 
well as what has been said.’ &voxos. . TH ypady, v.c. dorparelas. 
For évoxos, see supra, 1. 32. 


355. rots Spkous. See supra, |. 172. 


106 


107 


VIII. 285 


ORATION VIIL [16.] 


[This bright and interesting speech is made for the defence 
on a scrutiny (doxtwacia). The speaker Mantitheus has been 
elected into the Boulé. The members of the Boulé for the coming 
year had to pass their scrutiny before the existing Boulé, going out 
of office at the end of the year. His passing the scrutiny was 
opposed on the ground that he was disqualified by having served 
in the cavalry under the Thirty [see Lysias contra Evandrum, § 10, 
Andoc. de Myst. § 75], and the proof relied on was the fact that 
his name was on the cavécov or register of the cavalry at that time. 
His reply is that he was not at Athens, and therefore did not 
serve, and that the cavidiov is not trustworthy ; secondly, that 
another document of a more trustworthy character existed, which 
omitted his name, 7.¢. the list made by the Phylarchs of those who 
were to refund the allowance made to the knights on their enrol- 
ment under the Thirty. He then leaves the main question, and 
appeals to his private character and public services as fitting him 
for the post. 

The office for which he had been elected is not distinctly stated. 
But from the passage of Andocides referred to above we learn that 
an inability to serve as BouXevrys was the penalty for this offence, 
—of having served as a soldier under the Thirty. See Professor 
Jebb, Attic Orators, vol. i. p. 245. 

As to the date of the speech, we see from § 15-17 (alluding to 
the ‘Corinthian War,’ and Agesilaus in Beotia), that it must have 
been later than the autumn of 394 B.c. And if Tod ceuvot 
Zrewpiéws means Thrasybulus, it would probably be before his 
death, B.c. 389. But beyond thus limiting it, we can go no 
further with any certainty. 

The sort of subjects on which a man undergoing the scrutiny 
could be questioned have been indicated by Deinarchus, 2, § 17: 
tis éotw Tov idtov tpdrov... el yovéas ed moved. .. ef Apia (al. 
iepa) watpga srw... ef Ta TEXAN Tere? Mantitheus therefore 
naturally remarks, that in the case of other accusations a man 
ought to stick to the point at issue (which an Attic orator seldom 
did), but that in the case of a doxiuacia he is justified in giving a 
general account of his life and character (§ 9). 

The speech is an instance of dramatic skill on the part of Lysias, 
who has evidently, in writing it, endeavoured to suit it to the 
character of the person delivering it. There is throughout a tone 
of jovial self-confidence, which allows us to form a clear conception 
of the speaker. The conclusion is abrupt, but pointed and adroit.] 


1. cvvySev, see on ii. 1. 130. 


108 


286 NOTES. 


3. Todd} av . . Xap elxov ‘I should have been feeling much 
gratitude.’ 


9. &ndas Staxelwevos ‘entertaining feelings of dislike.’ Cf. 
Demosth. Lept. 500, ofs ands exe. 


11. eis tov Aourdv xpévov ‘for all future time’; the phrase 
indicates perpetuity, whereas Nowrod = ‘in the future,’ ‘here- 
after,’ is not necessarily continuous. 


14-15. tots kabeorykdor mpdypace ‘to the present constitu- 
tion,’ ze. to the Democracy restored after the Thirty. tév 
airav . . tpiv ‘only the same dangers as you encountered.’ 


19-22. 4 Soxipagtev ‘to pass me on my scrutiny.’ ot? 
émreShpovv ‘nor was Lat Athens at all.’ perérxov. . modtrelas, 
z.e. I was not in the xarddoyos even of the 3000 admitted to a 
qualified citizenship by the Thirty. See Appendix, the Thirty. 


23. ths év “EAAnomdvte cupdopas, zc. at Hgospotami (July 
405 B.C). 


24, as Barvpov rdv év 7H IIdvtm ‘to the court of Satyrus, 
king of Bosporus.’ The kingdom of Bosporus included the 
Tauric Chersonese (Crimea) ; its capital was Panticapaeum (near 
the modern Kertch), on the W. of the Isthmus that joins the 
Chersonese to the mainland (Cimmerian Bosporus). It was 
the chief source of corn supply to Athens (Demosth. Lept. 466). 
Satyrus J., the fourth king of Bosporus known to us, began his 
reign about B.c. 407, and maintained friendly relations with 
Athens. See Isocr. xvii. For a full account of these kings of 
Bosporus, see Clinton’s Fast. H., vol. ii. pp. 339-344. 


25-6. Kal otre . . tmoAdurelas, sc. #A\Oouev or érediuouv ‘and I 
was not at home either while the walls were being taken down 
or the constitution was being changed,’ 7@.e. in the spring of 
404 Bc. 


26-8. GAN HdAOopev . . wévO’ tpépars ‘five days before the 
party of Phylé occupied Peirzeus,’ zc. late in the autumn of B.c. 
404. 


30. &dAotplov KivdSivey ‘other people’s dangers.’ His argu- 
ment is that by the time of his arrival in Athens, the affairs of 
the Thirty were in such a critical state that no one would have 
voluntarily mixed himself up with them. 


31. ot? . . oxévres ‘and they evidently did not entertain 
any such idea.’ 


109 


ViEI 287 


32-3. rots pybdty eapaprdvovor ‘those not guilty of dis- 110 
loyalty,’ z.e. as they were themselves. The policy of the Thirty 
was to involve as many citizens as possible in their own guilt, 
whereby they hoped to be more secure. Thus Critias, when urging 
the assembly in the Odeum to vote the death of the Eleusinians, 
said bluntly, de? buds worep Kal Tidy pebéfere, obTw Kal TaV 
kwdvvev peréxew. Tov obv ’Edevowlwy Katavnpioréov éotiv, 
iva ravra huiy cal Oapphre kal poBAcbe. Xen. Hell. 2, 
4,9. See on v. 1. 652. pera&Sdvar tis wodurelas, ze. to put 
on the xarddoyos of the 3000 who alone were to have the rights 
of citizenship. 


34. kal tovs «.7.A. ‘even those who did help them to 
abolish the Democracy.’ 


35. erera 8 ‘and in the next place,’ should answer to rp&rov 
pev, which, however, is not expressed. He is going on to 
discuss a second proof, that of the register, and naturally uses 
the words which introduce a second clause. é« . . Tod cavidlouv 
‘according to the register,’ 7.e. the official register of the knights 
serving under the Thirty. The regular number of knights 
seems to have been 1000, taken from the second of Solon’s 
classes (riujpara). Arist. Eq. 225, ad’ eloly immijs dvdpes ayabol 
xivot. Boeckh, p. 263. As they received an allowance (vii. 
1. 55), a register would necessarily be kept of them. For 
cavigiov, a thin board covered with gypsum for writing, see 
on AevKwua, iil. 1. 35. 


38. éxeivos ile, referring to what follows. 


40, rods puddpxovs adtreveyxetv ‘that the Phylarchs should 
give in a return of.’ The Phylarchs had especial concern with 
the cavalry. See v. 1. 309. 


41, Wa Tas katarTdéces dvampdatnre ‘that you might recover 
the allowances.’ The allowance or bounty (xardoracis) paid 
- to those who served as knights under the Thirty was apparently 
to be refunded after the restoration of the Democracy, on the 
ground that they had not in the eye of the law served as 
knights at all. His argument is that the list made out for 
such recovery is a more trustworthy document than the register 
kept under the Thirty, which notoriously (he says) included 
some who did not really serve, and omitted others who did. 
katdoracis Harpocrat. s. v. explains this word (not noticed in 
this sense in L. and Se.) thus: @ocxe dpyipiov elvar dep ol 
Karaotabévres lamets EdduBavov éx Tod Snuociou éml 7H KaTacTace. 
He then quotes Eupolis from his play ®éAoe (Meineke’s fr. 
268) :-— 


288 NOTES. 


ovk éowppovicas, & mpecBura, Thy Kardoracw 
THVSE NauBavav Apvw mply kal wabety Thy lam. 


Though such recovery must have been on a large scale after the 
Thirty, yet I suppose there was generally something of the sort 
to be done in the case of those who from various causes did not 
actually serve. dvampdétnre for subj. after historic tenses, see 
Goodwin, § 216, 2, and v. ]1. 173. The mood and tense is 
retained which would have been used in the decree. 


44, otre wapadoévra Tots cvvitkos ‘nor my name given in 
to the Revenue Commission.’ odv6uKot was a title applied to 
various officers appointed by the State or by the tribes to act in 
their behalf. But we learn from Harpocration that after the 
Restoration some special Syndics were appointed to investigate 
matters with regard to the revenue. See also Hermann, § 151, 
note 5. Cf. ix.]. 85. 


46. amodelEeav. ‘For the 1st aor. opt. act. in -camu, -cacs, 
-cat, the best Attic writers generally, and Thucydides almost ex- 
clusively, used the so-called Molic form — ceva, -cevas, -ceay.’ 
Donaldson, § 301 (4) Obs. 1. Goodwin, § 115, note 2. 


47. abrots {nprotoc bar ‘to be losers themselves.’ Seems to 
refer to some obligation on the part of the Syndics to make 
good any deficiency arising from an imperfect return of the 
persons liable to refund,—not to a fine. (nusotc@at opposed to 
kepdalvew in Plat. Gorg. 490 c. For avrots some would read 
avrovs, but avrots seems rightly to agree with rots gvAdpxots. 


49. rots ypdppac ‘the writing,’ i.e. the register, 7d cavidiov. 
So in iii. 1. 37, what had just been called AexKwua is referred 


to as 7 ypapy. 


53-4. od« Gv . . memrounkds ‘I would not have denied it, as 
though I had been thereby guilty of a terrible crime.’ 


56. SoxipdteoBar ‘to pass the scrutiny.’ Supra, 1. 19. 


59. immdpxovus ‘commanders of cavalry.’ Harpocration tells 
us that there were two at Athens. In the decree quoted in 
Dem. de Cor. 290, the trmapxos is coupled with orparnyds, the 
leader of the infantry, rdv orparyydv kal rov immapxov Tas mefas 
Kal ras lamixds Suvdwers "EXevowdde eéd-yew. For the number 
see Dem. Phil. i. 47, ov éxetporovetre 5° é& judy adrav déxa 
Taiidpxous Kal orparnyovs kal dudrdpxous kal lamdpxous dvo. 


61-2. wepupavas ‘before the whole world.’ Karapetoacbar 
‘to lie against me.’ Cf. xarackédacra, iv. 1. 159. dvd BrOr, 


att in nae eee 


q 
f 


VIET 289 


v. L 167. - The person summoned to bear witness is the 
Phylarch of the speaker's tribe. 


67-8. é&y . . rats Soxupactars ‘in trials concerning scrutiny.’ 
mwayros . . Sidovar ‘to offer to give an account of one’s whole 
life.’ 

74-5. &exa ‘gave them in marriage,’ i.e. with a dowry or 112 

rtion. This was the duty of the xipios of a woman, who in 
default of a father would be the brother, see x. 1. 404. émBdovs 

‘giving them as dowry.’ This is the technical word for a 
gift, see xvi. 1 48. mpds Tov Gdehgov . . evarpduny, sc 
watpea ‘I made such a distribution between myself and ue 
brother.’ Cf. x. 1. 300, &vemudcOny Td viée ob8@ Oéxa TédavTa. 
The middle implies that the distributor takes a share. 


78. pnde m™pes éva ‘before no one single magistrate.’ 
‘charge against me.” Technically &yxAnua is the 
summons to attend served on the defendant in a suit. It is 
here used as a general term for a ‘charge,’ the person against 
whom it is made is in the dative. Cp. a similar meaning and 
construction in iv. 1. 154. 


82-3. xvBovs ‘dice.’ See on vii. 1. 209. StarpiBas zrorotpevar 
‘who-as it happens spend their time.’ Cf. Andoe. (?) 4, § 22, 
ai rév vey dtarpeBai otk &y yupvacios add’ év Ecxacrnpiors eiciv. 


85. Aeyowrowwtvras ‘spreading false reports.” Cf. xi. 1. 101, 
cuppopas Noyoraoic:. See Theophr. Char. viii. 


86. ed tov . . erBupoipey ‘if I and they had had the same 
tastes.’ 


89-90. BSixny . . ypadiv . . doayyedlay ‘private suit,’ 
‘public suit,’ ‘impeachment before the Boulé.’ See vi. 1. 546. 


92-4. rolvvy ‘moreover,’ introducing a fresh point. See 
Index. olov . . wapéxo “how well I have served the State.’ 
The historic present is used, as the effect of his service still re- 
“Aains. 


_ 94-7. mp@rov . . BonOetv. This refers to the expedition 
ientioned in the introduction to the last speech, sent to 
faliartus in Beotia to support Thebes against Sparta ; and in 
hich no fighting was done by the Athenians, as Lysander was 
-feated and slain before they arrived, B.c. 395. Xen. Hell. 

2, 5,16 f. td ’OpSoBotrdov xa: ‘having been put in 

the list of the cavalry by Orthobulus ” This Orthobulus must 





290 NOTES. 


have been either Phylarch of Mantitheus’ tribe, or trmapxos. 
See supra, ll. 49 and 59. For kareAeypévos, see iii. 1. 18. 


97-99. érasy . . voplfovras ‘since I saw that all thought 
that while the knights were of course safe, there was in their 
opinion danger to the hoplites.’ elvat 84 the 67 makes the 
sentiment peculiarly that of others, not the speaker’s. The 
sentence is made awkward by the two participles after Sper 
of nearly the same meaning, voulfovras and iyyouuévous. @ 


101-2. d8Soxipdorwy rapa tov vépov. Cf. vii. 1.56. epyv . . 113) 
eadetpal pe ‘I bade Orthobulus scratch out my name.’ For , 
this use of épnv Markland quotes Xen. Cyr. 4, 6, 11, & of Mdyou 
€pacay rots Oeots é&eXetv. 


105. dvaBnO. See v. 1. 161. 


107. rév Sypordv ‘the members of my deme,’ 7.¢. those of 
them who were on the catalogue for service. 


109. éboS{wv means of providing the necessary outfit and 
provisions for a campaign. Each man had to bring provisions 
for three days, oiria quepev tpiGv. See Arist. Ach. 197; Eq. 
TO79... Pax. 312. °Thucyd1,-48\.1, 


110. rods dxovras ‘the rich,’ Eur. Ale. 57, rpds trav éxdvTwv, 
PDoiBe, Tov vouov TiOns. 


115. yévnrat. For the mood see supra, 1. 41. 


117-8. pera tatira . . yevouévyns. The expedition to Corinth 
(‘Corinthian war’) was in B.c. 894. The Athenians supplied 
6000 hoplites, having formed a league with Corinth and Argos 
against Sparta, which was joined by many other States,—the 
allied army mustering 24,000 hoplites. Xen. Hell. 4, 2,17. ' 
The Athenians suffered severely in the engagement, 7b. 21, which ~ 
took place between Nemea and Sikyon, 7b. 14. 


119. d&vaSvopévev ‘trying to shirk the post of danger.’ This 
would be exactly the deAla of vii. 1. 34. 


120-2. ris mparys reraypévos, sc. Tdéews, see vii. ]. 84. 
Hperépas vAfjs. The men were drawn up according to tribes. 
In this battle six tribes were stationed opposite the Spartans, , 
four opposite the Tegewtans. It was the former that suffered , 
so severely ; the four escaped almost without loss. Xen. Hell. | 
4, 2, 19-21. évBavdvrwv offends the critics as a poetical word ; ‘ 
the év refers to the @vA% if it is to stand. : 














WHE 291 


123-4. dorepov . . avedicdros ‘I retreated after this fine 
gentleman of Steiria, who has been reproaching all the world 
with cowardice.’ ‘All the world’ apparently means himself. 
Who the ceuvds Lreipieds is we cannot be sure; probably it is 
Thrasybulus, who was of the Deme Steiria (Xen. 4, 8, 25), a 
deme of the tribe Pandionis, which we therefore conclude was 
Mantitheus’ tribe. 


124-8. Kal ov rodAais tpépats torepov x.7.A. At the time 
of the Spartan success above described Agesilaus was in Asia. 
He had been summoned home by the Ephors on the proclama- 
tion of the war (Nepos. Ages. 4), and was hurrying back to 
bring aid. He heard the news of the Spartan success when at 
Amphipolis ; thereupon he proceeded through Macedonia and 
Thessaly. In the latter place he met and defeated in a 
skirmishing affray some troops of Larissa and other towns who 
were friendly to the Beotians; and on the next day marched 
over the mountains of Phthiotis (Orthrys, which Xenophon 
calls ra ’Axarxa Tis POias Spy), and then found himself in a 
friendly district until he arrived in Beotia, where he was met 
by the forces of the allies, Athenians, Argives, Corinthians, and 
others, whom he defeated in the plain of Coroneia [Xen. Hell. 
4, 3, 1-17]; meanwhile the naval battle of Cnidus had taken 
place, in which the Lacedemonians were defeated and their 
Admiral, Peisander, slain [ib. 10-12]. eis . . Bowwrlav éuBaddv- 
tos ‘having effected his entrance into Beotia.’ 


131. @yamnras . . cerwopévous ‘ having got off safe, to their 
relief,’ implying that it was more than they had a right to 
expect. 


133. ragiapxov. See on vi. 1. 367. tperépav, z.e. of my 
tribe. See supra, 1. 121. 


139-140. odx as od Savdv . . pdxerOar. The dread of 
meeting the Spartans in the field had been heightened by the 
recent affair at Corinth, where it is illustrated with grim humour 
by Xenophon, who tells us that at first the Beotians were on 
the left, i.e. opposite the Spartans, and would not fight ; but 
when they had yielded this post to the Athenians, and were 
opposite the Achaeans, they ‘immediately declared that the 
sacrifices were favourable for a battle.’ Xen. Hell. 4, 2, 18. 


141-3. GAN Wa . . Kabioralpny . . rvyxdvount ‘But in 
order that if ever I were, contrary to all justice, brought to any 
trial, I might, with a better reputation for valour in your eyes, 
get full justice.’ If this were really Mantitheus’ motive, it 


114 


292 NOTES. \ 


seems to indicate some uneasy feeling as to the interpretation 
likely to be put on his conduct in the Corinthian war. i. 

150-1. & rév tovotrwv ‘on considerations such as these.’ 115 
To\pa ‘shows unusual courage.’ [An ingenious emendation 
cou has been made,—a word applied to the knights, see Ar. 
Eq. 580, uy pOoveté? quty koudor ‘dandified ;;—but itis not neces- 
sary. ] 


155. &m’ Sipews ‘from looks.’ Cf. Dem. (?) 1403, xdddos 
ext ris dwews, cwppocivyny 5 él rijs puxas, dvdpelay 6’ éw 
aupotépwr Toray . . éxovTas. 


157-8. puxpdv Siadreydpevor ‘speaking in modest terms.’ 
kogplws teprepxdpevor ‘behaving about town in a quiet and un- 
obtrusive manner.’ The speaker seems to have been accused 
of swaggering and making a great to do about his valour. 








163. vedtepos dv. An ephebus could not speak or vote in 11 
the éxxAnoia. But after his two years as ephebus, @.e. about 
twenty, any citizen could do so. The exercise of this privilege, _ 
however, seems to have been modified by public opinion. i 


166-7. kal. . S€ovros ‘I seem even to myself to be somewhat 
more ambitiously disposed than I ought to be.’ For déareO Fra, 
cf. iii. 1. 102. qtAoT undrepov is an adverb. ‘But if it be a sin 
to covet honour, I am the most offending soul alive.’ 


170. tovrovs ‘persons of that sort,’ ¢.e. who take part in 
public affairs [wpdrrovo. rd rédews]. For the discredit attaching 
to indifference to public business, see on iv. 1. 70, 


174-5. ob yap . . tpeits ‘The whole matter is in your hands,’ 
i.e. you can elect to power, or reject the advice of, such men at” 
your discretion, and therefore you need not be annoyed at 
individuals who come forward with advice, ete. 


ORATION IX. [17.] 


[This is a speech on the trial of a disputed claim on property 
(d:adcxacia). 

The speaker’s grandfather had lent Eraton two talents. On 
Eraton’s death his property was divided between his three sons, | , 
Erasiphon, Eraton, and Erasistratus, who failed to pay the interest 
on this inherited debt. The speaker’s father could not recover | 
at first owing to there being no courts sitting during the year of 





IX. 293 


the Thirty ; but in B.c. 401-400 did succeed in getting a verdict 
for the whole debt (z.e. principal and interest) against Erasistra- 
tus, the only one of the three brothers then in Athens. He 
then appears to have died, and the speaker as his heir obtained 
possession of some property of Erasistratus’ at Sphettus, and was 
engaged in an action for the recovery of some more at Kikynna, 
when the whole aspect of the case was changed by a confiscation 
(we do not know for what reason) of the entire estate of Eraton. 

Up to that time two distinct steps had been taken by the speaker 
to obtain this property at Kikynna, in which he was resisted by 
the relations of Erasiphon. He first obtained leave (@\axev) to 
bring in his suit before an ordinary court. This, however, was 
quashed by Erasiphon’s relations demurring that they being 
€umopot the suit should lie before the Nautodice. The speaker 
accordingly went again before the Nautodice and obtained leave 
to bring his suit before their court ; but for some reason it was 
either not tried or at any rate not decided. 

The estate having been meanwhile confiscated, even that part of 
it of which he had been in actual possession, the speaker commences 
a suit against the State to assert his claim. He only asks for a 
third, though he professes that the whole was equitably his. 

The case is heard before an ordinary Court, and the fiscal com- 
missioners (ctvécxor) either preside or are present in Court. § 10. 

The date of the speech may be within a little decided from 
indications in it. The speaker’s father won his suit in B.c. 401- 
400 (§ 3): the speaker then succeeded his father, and at the time 
of speaking had been in possession of the property thus obtained 
nearly three years (§ 5). This brings us to 398-7 B.c., unless a 
longer interval intervened between his father’s successful action 
and death. We may see also that the trial, if in the year 398-7, 
was after the winter months (§ 5). 

The speech is rendered somewhat difficult by the technical 
language and arguments, and at least in one passage (§ 4) by some 
confusion in the text. It is without rhetorical flourish or artifices, 
and rests solely on plain statement supported by evidence. The 
speaker even abstains from all appeal to the feelings or generosity 
of the judges, unless indeed we consider that the abruptness of 
the “ana paragraph is to be accounted for by a loss of some 
text. 


1-2. &d rd . . elvat ‘because it is my wish to be a good 117 
citizen.’ Lit. ‘worth something,’ i.¢. to the State. 


4. Tév pi TpornKdvrwv ‘things not immediately concerning 
myself.’ 


7. pev odv ‘however.’ The yéy indicates some clause sup- 


294 NOTES. 


pressed. ‘I think I can do so much, but anything more I fear 
I could not do.’ 


8. ra mempaypéva tiv mpds "Epdrwva ‘the transaction be- 
tween me and Eraton.’ 


10. 8ta8tkaoa properly means a trial on rival claims made 
by two or more persons to the same property. Here the two 
parties concerned are the speaker on the one side and the State 
on the other. Almost any civil action could be therefore de- 
scribed by this name; but it was especially used of lawsuits 
with the State in regard to confiscated property, as here. In 
1. 81 we have écadixacua for ‘the claim itself,’ whereas d.a- 
dixacia is the trial of such claim. 


12-15. @aveloaro . . Saveioat ‘borrowed’ . . ‘to lend. 
The middle means to get lent for oneself, z.e. to borrow. 


16. 80a apedHOn ‘how much he made byit.’ He infers that 
he was employing the money in some business. 


17. mapayeyevnpévor ols. . &rparre ‘were cognisant of his 


. . t 
business transactions.’ 





21. Kal réd\Aa TA ovykelpeva ‘and all other details of the 11 
bargain.’ What these were beyond payments of the interest 
we cannot guess. For the amount of interest usual in Attica, 
see Boeckh, pp. 123-126. He says the lowest was 10 per cent, the 
highest 36 per cent. 


24-5. év.. TH Todepw zc. in the year of the Revolution, B.c. 
404-3. otK qoav Skat ‘ there were no courts sitting for private 
suits.’ At the Restoration such confusion as to the laws was 
found to exist, and so many were involved in breaches of them, 
that 2 commission of revisers was appointed, and an interim 
decree passed that until this revision was completed the old 
laws of Draco and Solon were to be held as sufficient. Andoc. 
1, 82-4. 


27-8. 8re wep. . &ikdfovro ‘as soon as home suits were 
being heard.’ diac dorixat seem to mean suits between citizens 
and on matters which affected the home business or trade, as 
opposed to éumoptxal dixal, ze. relating to foreign trade. 
Hesychius has, dorixol vduoe* of kara Thy "AOnvaiwy modu, hoav 
yap kal éuropixol, i.e. some laws concerned home matters, others 
foreign trade. 


28-31. Aaxav . . "Epacietpdtw ‘having obtained leave to 





IX. 295 


bring a suit into Court against E. for the whole debt, ie. 
in the preliminary trial or dvdxpiots before a magistrate: the 
successful suitor was said Aayxdvew Sixnv, the magistrate was 
said eicd-yew dixny. See Dicty. of Ant. s. v. elcaywyevs. For 

, see on i |. 6. Kareétxdoaro ‘he obtained a 
verdict against him.’ él. . &pxowros in the archonship of 
Xenznetus, z.e. B.c. 401-400. 


35-6. dtroypadev ‘the official schedules.’ See ii. 1. 10; ii. 
1.16. tpéis yap . . amoyeypadact ‘for three or four persons 
entered the items.’ Does he mean that three or four distinct 
officers entered the items, or only that it was done three or 
four times? An droypadi was under the jurisdiction of the 
Eleven or of the ctvéixor (viii. 1. 44); and in this case the 
latter seem to have been acting, see infra, 1. 85. He probably 
means that three or four lists had been made at different times 
either by, or by the order of, these ovvd:xor. 


36-40. Now one thing at least must be clear to every one,— 
‘they would not, when making a schedule of Eraton’s entire 
property, have passed by anything else of Eraton’s that it was 
possible to confiscate,—not even that part of it of which I have 
for some time past been in actual possession.’ 

The point of this passage (of which the text is in great con- 
fusion) seems to be this: the speaker wishes to show that the 
whole of the original property of Eraton is in the droypag%, 
though he is credited with having a third of it. He tries to 
prove this by saying that the syndics had to make a complete 
schedule, which they did with unusual care, and must have 
included even the third part, which he had taken possession of ; 
for in the eye of the law that was liable as part of Eraton’s 

roperty. He wishes to show this, lest the judges, thinking he 

ad already got his third of the property, should be inclined to 
decide that he had enough and need not receive any more; 
whereas he maintains that he has none, and now can get none, 
for the State has it all. 


41. 008 érépwOev ‘not from the other side either.’ ic. if you 119 
confiscate the property scheduled, there will be nothing left for 
me to recover my debt from; my only hope therefore is in 
you ; from the other side (i.e. the property of Eraton) I can get 
nothing. 


43-4. @s . . axdévoare ‘but now let me show you, besides, in 
what a different spirit I make my claim against you from that 
in which I made it against private persons.’ 


. 48-52. dvriiixay. . ArrHOy ‘pleaded as defendant ina suit, and 


296 NOTES. 


was defeated.’ See on ii. 1. 89. ta. . Lpyrrot. . peploboxa 
“I have let the property at Sphettus for the last three years,’ 
i.e. I have been in actual possession, and behaved as the owner, 
of this part of the property, which is now included in the 
schedule of confiscation. Sphettus was a deme of the tribe 
Acamantis. t&v 8& Kukvvot . . over ‘and I was engaged in 
a lawsuit with the occupiers of the property at Kikyna and the 
house there.’ Kikyna or Kikynna was another deme of the 
same tribe. It was the deme of Strepsiades in Arist. Nub. 210. 
SixdteorGar takes the genitive of the thing which is the subject 
of the suit, on the analogy of verbs of claiming. Goodwin, § 
Wise 


51-4. ‘Last year, however, they got the suit quashed by 
alleging that they were merchants.’ The demurrer rested on 
the fact that as @umopo. they could only be sued on a dixy 
éwrropixy to be tried before the vavrodixar. We have seen before, 
vide |. 27, the distinction between dccal dorixal and éuopixal. 
This distinction was only one instance of the system in 
Athenian law of having cases affecting particular interests tried 
by persons especially conversant in those matters. Thus mili- 
tary offences were tried before a jury of soldiers (as in Orat. vii.), 
profanations of mysteries before initiated persons ; and, as here, 
cases in which éuopo were affected could only be tried before 
the Nautodice, who were elected to preside over trials concern- 
ing commerce and navigation. Only it appears that though the 
subject of dispute did not directly concern those matters, either 
party might claim to have their suit heard in this court of the 
Nautodice by showing that they were éuropo. Even a ypadiy 
éevias could be brought before it if it affected such persons. See 
Hermann, § 146 ; Boeckh, pp. 49-50. Tapndvéve (20th Nov. to 
19th Dec.) The Nautodice sat in the winter months, when 
sailing was not possible, so that the merchants and shipmasters 
whose suits came before them might not be impeded in their 
profession. Aaxdvros ‘though I got leave to bring in my suit’ 
(see 1. 28), 7.e. the magistrates, before whom the dvdxpicts was, 
introduced it (efcdyew) into the court of the vavrodlka. ov« 
é€eSlkacay, sc. dikny, ‘the court of the Nautodice did not de- 
cide the suit.’ Cf. Arist. Equ. 50, ® Ajje Aotoa mpi&rov 
éxdixdoas play. Sveypdapavro ‘got it quashed,’ lit. cancelled by 
having a line drawn across it. So Strepsiades, after his notable 
invention of using a burning glass to melt the wax on the table 
containing the indictment, exclaims oly’ ws fdoua | bre wev- 
rerddavros Siayéyparral pow dlkn (Arist. Nub. 773). Harpocr. 
explains the word by dvehéoOat 7d &yxAnua. 


55. 7a Sto pépn ‘two thirds,’—what had belonged to the other 


D.e 297 


two brothers. ta ’Epaciotpdrov his point is that in the case 
of Erasistratus’ share he had really had possession, and to lose 
that would be harder on him than to lose the other two shares, 
to which, however, he was, strictly speaking, entitled. 


59. od tHv axpiBelav emoxeapdpevos ‘not having made the 
calculation with minute accuracy.’ émoxémrropat ‘examine 
closely,’ rods vouous émicxeauévous Tod Apdxovtos €x Tis oT7H\ns, 
Demosth. (?) 1161. 


61. tipnparos ‘ valuation.’ 


63-5. dv . . dndtoByrd, gen of thing claimed, see on 1. 49. 120 
Goodwin, §173,2. tw pév. . To 88, ic. the property at Sphettus 
and that at Kikynna, ll. 49-50. A talent is 6000 drachme, a 
mina 100 drachme. He claims property worth five mine, 7.e. 
500 drachme, and 1000 drachme ; and therefore short by 500 
drachme of the third of a talent. éaeypadpnyv ‘I valued it,’ 
lit. ‘I wrote on it.’ Cf. Iseus, 3, § 2, tpla rdéXavra Tiunua TS 
KAnpy éxvypaydpevos. 

66. amroxnpvxSévreav ‘when the property has been sold by 
auction.’ dmroxnptooav = venale proclamare precone, ‘to give 
notice of sale by a crier.’ +d wepitrév i.e. what it fetches over 
and above my valuation of 1500 drachme. 


69. peprtoBwpévous ‘hired.’ See on ii. 1. 72. 


72-3. tods te mwépvow . . édqxOnoav ‘the Archons (Thes- 
mothetz) of last year, before whom leave was obtained by me 
(supra, 1..28) to bring in the suit,’ 7.e. before the defendants 
had demurred and got the suit quashed. tots viv vavrodixas 
‘the existing Nautodice’ would testify to its having been 
transferred to them. 


76. otre . . awAevdvev, 1. 63, he means much less. Cf. vi. 1. 
186. vvvi cf. ii. 1. 3. 


81-2. rd SiadSlkacpa ‘the property claimed.’ See on 1. 10. 
tovro ‘this much,’ z.e. the 15 mine. 


83-5. 45 5€ por. . tpav. These words seem to be intended 
to introduce some peroration or appeal, which does not appear. 
However, the speech throughout has dealt entirely with facts 
and arguments without any of the usual appeals to feelings or 
character ; and it may be that the speaker contents himself 
with this bare request for a verdict. 


84. rév ovvdikwy ‘the fiscal commissioners’ or ‘syndics’ 
presided at the trial. See viii. 1. 44. 


298 NOTES. 


ORATION X. [19.] 


[This speech relates to events which happened in the period of 
the gradual revival of Athens, and the struggle to put an end to 
Spartan supremacy in the Islands and Greek cities of Asia, B.c. 
398-B.c. 387. 

When Conon took refuge with Evagoras in Cyprus in B.c. 405, 
he appears to have had with him other Athenian refugees looking 
up to him as their leader. One of these was Nikophemus. While 
Nikophemus resided at Athens, his son Aristophanes (like Conon’s 
son Timotheus) remained at Athens. Nikophemus served as a 
Trierarch in the fleet, of which Conon took command in B.c. 396-5, 
and was by him appointed Harmost of Cythera in B.c. 393, and 
soon afterwards returned apparently to reside in Cyprus. 

Meanwhile Aristophanes remained at Athens, and had married a 
sister of the speaker of this speech. He appears to have been a 
man. of restless activity and great energy. His two public services 
mentioned here are—(1) An embassy to Dionysius of Syracuse to 
endeavour to detach that monarch from the Spartans, and persuade 
him to make an alliance with Evagoras; we do not know the 
date of this embassy, but it was prior to 390 B.o. [§ 19-20]: (2) A 
mission to the aid of Evagoras, sent in 389-8 B.c., in answer to a 
request of Evagoras. He went officially as rpeoBeurys (1. 151) ; 
but he seems, at the request of his father, to have made great 
exertions in organising a military force of meNracral (1. 145). 
From this time we lose sight of him and his father. For some 
unexplained reason both Nikophemus and his son Aristophanes 
were put to death without trial (1. 7), and their property con- 
fiscated. 

This being done, a suspicion seems to have arisen that the State 
had not got all the property left by Aristophanes, and that the 
person who was possessed of it was the speaker’s father. He is 
accordingly summoned for illegal possession of public money 
before a court presided over by the ovvdickor or revenue commis- 
sioners. Before the trial however he died, and his son, the 
speaker, has to defend the action. 

From Harpocration (s. v. xv7por) we gather that Lysias had 
written a speech on another trial on the subject of the property, 
when the confiscation was proposed, which apparently was done 
by one Aischines, as Harpocr. calls it r@ kar’ Aloxivov. 

The date of the speech is not accurately ascertainable, but from 
1. 829 (see note) we may gather that it was not long after B.c. 
388-7. 

The defence is necessarily founded mainly on probabilities. He 
argues— 





x. 299 


(1.) That his father was not likely, from his general character, 
to have kept money unfairly. 

(2.) That Aristophanes spent so much on public services that he 
was not likely to have left much. 

(3.) That he was not likely ever to have had much, as his father 
occupied only a subordinate post, had nothing before the 
battle of Cnidus, and no doubt kept the bulk of what 
he had at Cyprus, where he had a wife and daughter. 

(4.) It is not the first time that the public have been astonished 
to find at a man’s death that he was less rich than 
common fame gave out. In fact it generally is so. 


So far from having any of Aristophanes’ money, the speaker 
asserts that his sister-in-law and children have been thrown on his 
hands, having lost even her dowry in the general wreck. 

The speech is made the more interesting by lengthened allusion 
to the remarkable career of Conon, one of the ablest and most 
honest men produced by Athens at this period.] 


6. Savés ‘clever,’ ii. 1. 77, dexnds Neyer is the common 
phrase in Demosthenes. Plato says of Lysias (Phadr. 228 a) 
that he was dewéraros Taw viv ypadew. 


7. ofrws tres Gv Sivepar ‘to the best of my ability.” ofres 
éxws is little more than es; Xen. Cyr. 1, 1, 2, xppo@a obrws 
éxws Gy Sov\uwwrar, wapackeviy ‘ preparation,’ see on ii. L. 122. 


17. &aBodfs invidie, ‘with prejudice and popular opinion 
* t t * > 


20-6. Both clauses, woddol #$n—GreOciy and of 8 ad. . 
awerovOco1y, are to illustrate the frequency with which accusa- 
tions turn out to be false ; ‘some,’ he says, ‘are detected on the 
spot, while others are only found to be false when too late to save 
their victims.’ The deduction is that no one ought to trust a 
d:a8ody until he has heard the other side. trip wavrov trav 
wempa ‘in the whole affair,’ ie. not only so far as they 
have really lied ; being convicted of one lie, they are discredited 
altogether. wres . . Eddwoay ‘have been convicted 
of false witness.” ta wevdq ‘falsehood,’ the def. article with 
abstract noun. 


29-31. wplv Gv x.7.X. ‘until you shall have heard us,’ i.e. the 
defence. Goodwin, § 240. dxotw ‘I hear it said.’ Cf lL 91, 
293. Seavdrarov ‘most difficult to deal with,’ i.¢ because, as 
he explains, it acts unevenly ; so that what is a sufficient defence 
at one time is not so at another. 


121 


122 


300 NOTES. 


36. Tots eéyxous . . dtrodéxerQe ‘ you admit the arguments 
in refutation.’ dmodéxeo Bar takes gen. of person and accus. of 
thing admitted, on the analogy of verbs of hearing. Goodwin, 
§171, note 1. Cf. vii. 1. 184. 


37-8. Nuxddnpos Kal “Apirtroddavys . . arélavov. Nico- 
phemus was a friend of Conon, and was left by him in command 
of Cythera in B.c. 393, with the title of Harmost,—I suppose 
because the Spartans had by this time made that term a common 
one for such an officer [Xen. Hell. 4, 8, 8]. He has been un- 
lucky in regard to his name, the MSS. in Xenophon giving it 
as NixddnBos, and in Diod. Sic. xiv. 81, Nexddyuov. Of his son 
Aristophanes we only know what we learn here. As to their 
death ‘ without trial,’ we can only guess that it was on suspicion 
of treachery or embezzlement (Jebb, Att. Or. vol. i. p. 286) ; 
and at Cyprus, where (like Conon, since 405) Nikophemus had 
been living. amé8avov ‘ were put to death,’ see iv. 1. 181. 


38-9. mplv . . WSlkouv ‘before any one could arrive to hear 123 
them proved guilty.’ The 7décour suggests embezzlement rather 
than treachery ; but ll. 80-1 point to treachery. : 


41-3. a@rSwxayv the subject is the commanders who ordered 
the execution, and who would be well known to the hearers. 
For the outrage to Greek feeling in thus denying burial, see on 
v. 1. 680. 


47-8. mapa Tots vopous Tots tperépovs ‘contrary to your 
laws.’ The breach of the law was not in the children being 
deprived of a father’s property which had been confiscated, but 
in the fact that the confiscation was carried out in the case of 
men who had had no trial (d«piro). 


50-1. kynderrdv see below, 1. 74. mpouds his sister’s dowry, 
which, being included in the confiscation of Aristophanes’ 
goods, was not available for the support of the children. 


52. cvkohavrotpeba ‘I am having vexatious charges brought 
against me.’ Fragm. 18, dacwfovres Tas Tav Hitwv ovalas cvKopav- 
TobvTa UO THY 6ppavav mroNNol. 


54. é« rod Stxalov = dixalws ‘legally and honourably.’ 


57. rerpamAdova the calculation will be found below, Il. 401 
sq. 


58. AoytfLopévw . . mapeyevspnv ‘I heard him reckoning.’ 
LF oben 5 aba aa 


X. 301 


61-2. GAN Boroe sc. GANA Kataywdoxete Gdtklay TobTwv Scot 
x.T.X. For construction, see Goodwin, § 173, 2, note. tas atex¢- 
oras 7Sovds, see viii. ll. $2-3. 


64-6. mpds Sdfav . . kal omdvw ‘in view of an idea enter- 124 
tained by some of the amount of Nikophemus’ property, and 
in view of a scarcity of money now existing in the city.’ Cf. 
Dem. 230, iva wpés tov irdpxovta xpévov Exacta OewpAre, ‘in view 
of the existing circumstances.’ omdvv dpyuplov, see infra, 1. 
332. 


68-9. kal tovrwv tmrapxdévrwv ‘even in these disadvantageous 
circumstances.’ td katnyopnpéva ‘the allegations made by the 
prosecution,’ see on ii. 1. 145. 


72. ebvopxérarov ‘most strictly consistent with your oaths as 
dicasts.’ See on vii. 1. 172. 


74. @ tpdmww . . éyévovro ‘the circumstances of their becom- 
ing connections of mine.’ Aristophanes being his brother-in- 
law, the father of Aristophanes would also be his xndeorzjs, see 
5g ON Pa 


75-6. otpatnyav yap Kévwv wept TleAomdvvncov. This pro- 
bably refers to the spring of 393 B.c., when Conon, being then 
commander of the Greek contingent of the fleet collected by 
Pharnabazus, was engaged in ravaging the coast of Sparta, and 
when he appointed Nikopheraus harmost of Cythera. Supra, 
1. 37. Diodorus (xiv. 81) calls him 6 ray Iepouw vavapyxos, but 
this is no doubt inaccurate: Xenophon (Hell. 4, 3, 12) calls 
Pharnabazus vavapxos, and describes Conon as 7d ‘E\Anvixdv 
é€xovra. 

Conon. We first hear of Conon as governor of Naupactus 
in B.c. 411 [Thuc. 7, 31, 4]. In B.c. 408-7, being at Athens, 
he was elected Strategus in conjunction with Alcibiades and 
Thrasybulus [Xen. Hell. 1, 4, 10]. In the autumn of 407 z.c. 
and spring of 406 B.c. he was doing excellent service among the 
islands of the #gean, and being blockaded at Mytilene escaped 
the fate of the other generals after Arginuse [Xen. Hell. 1, 6-7]. 
In June of B.c. 405 he was still in the Hgean, and at gos- 
potami, as we have seen [vi. ]. 33], managed to escape with 
seven or eight ships to Cyprus, where he was entertained by 
Evagoras. From that time till B.c. 397 he remained in retire- 
ment in Cyprus [ov riv dogadelav dyarGv adda Ti Tay rpay- 
Harwv perasorgry tepiuévev, Plut. Artax. 21, see also Isocr. 5, 
$62, 9, 51-8]. During this time the Spartans had been often 
brought into collision with the Persians; the campaigns of 


302 NOTES. 


Dercyllidas had ended in a short armistice, B.c. 398; Agesilaus 
was about to invade Asia, and Pharnabazus, on the advice of 
Evagoras and Conon [Isocr. Evag. 54], set about collecting a 
large fleet in Phcenicia of 300 triremes [Xen. Hell. 3, 4, 1]; 
Conon, at the suggestion of Evagoras, obtained the command 
of the Greek part of it [B.c. 397-6]. In the years 396-5, while 
Agesilaus was prosecuting his successful campaign in Asia, 
Conon was steadily working to overthrow the Spartan naval 
supremacy ; his achievements may be said to have begun with 
the revolt of Rhodes and been consummated by the battle of 
Cnidus [August 394 B.c.]. After this he carried the war to 
the coasts of Lacedemonia, and restored the fortifications of 
Athens [B.c. 393], Xen. Hell. 4, 8, 9. These successes so alarmed 
the Spartans that they sent Antalcidas to Tiribazus, the Satrap 
of Western Asia, proposing to give up to the king the Greek 
cities in Asia, and that the Islands should be independent ; 
Conon resisted this, and Antalcidas persuaded Tiribazus to 
arrest him [ws déd:cobvra Baortéa], and he was imprisoned at 
Sardis [Xen. Hell. 4, 8, 16; Diodor. xiv. 85]. Isocrates in- 
sinuates that he was put to death by the Persians [Panegyr. 
154], but from ll. 255-267 of this speech it seems probable that 
he escaped again to Cyprus, and died a natural death there. 
But this arrest in B.c. 393 was the end of his political life. 
Tiribazus was superseded in his satrapy in the following year, 
which perhaps may account for Conon’s escape. For the doubt 
as to his escape, see Nepos. Con. 5, Nonnulli ewm ad regem 
abductum ibique periisse scriptum reliquerunt. Contra ea 
Dinon historicus, cut nos plurimum de Persicis rebus credimus, 
effugisse scripsit ; tllud addubitat utrum Tiribazo sciente an im- 
prudente sit factum. 


78-9. thv adedpiyv ‘my sister.’ abrods z.c. Nikophemus and 
his son. 


80-2. tH Te mode . . Apéoxovras ‘conforming to the wishes 
of the State at that time at least.’ He means to admit that 
Nikophemus and his son afterwards were guilty of disloyalty, 
but at the time of the marriage had shown no signs of it. 
apéoKkovtas conveys the idea of outside conformity rather than 
active loyalty. 


83. éwel Stu «7A. ‘for that my father did not make this 
match for the sake of money, one may easily feel sure from his 
whole life and actions.’ 


86. &7 Fv é& Aula ‘when he was of age,’ ¢.c. for marriage. 
See on iv. 1. 209. 


pt 303 


88-91. odStv érubepopévny ‘who brought no dower with her.’ 125 


Srv 8% «.7.X. ‘but (he did so) because she was the daughter of 
Xenophon, son of Euripides, who was not only excellent in 
private life, but thought worthy by you to be Strategus, as I 
am told.’ For another instance of anacoluthon, see v. 1. 256. 
For dxote cp. 1. 29. Xenophon, son of Euripides, was one of 
the Strategi at the time of the surrender of Potidaea in B.c. 
430 [Thuc. 2, 70, 1]; and again in an expedition against the 
revolted Chalcidians in B.c. 429, in which he and the other 
Strategi were defeated and killed [Thuc. 2, 79, 1, and 10]. 


93. @&dxovv Kdktov yeyovévar ‘they seemed to be of a some- 
what inferior character.’ kdxtov is used adverbially ; but the 
phrase is certainly harsh as applied to persons. [Perhaps we 
should read xaxiovs.] Bremi explains kdkvov yeyovévar to 
mean ‘worse born,’ z.e. not true-bred Athenian, comparing Vi. 
1, 413, kad@s . . dv7a. But in that place the right reading is 
probably xa@apds ’A@nvatov dvra. Besides, the point of this 
passage is a contrast between character and wealth, not purity 
of blood. We must suppose, therefore, a phrase caxés ylyvecOae 
equivalent to kax@s éxew ‘to be ill,’ ze. in behaviour, reputa- 
tion, ete. 


94-5. IIavaviet ‘of Paeania,’a deme of the tribe Pandionis. 
Bedriova . . i mAovetmtepov ‘better in character than in 
wealth.’ For this idiomatic use of two comparatives, when two 
properties of the same subject are compared, see Clyde, § 23 d, 
Madvig, § 92 a. 


96-7. thy 8 . . Mupptvovelw ‘and the other to a man who 
had become poor from no fault of his own, and who was his 
nephew—Phedrus, of the deme Murrhinouté ;’ the arrangement 
of the words is somewhat unnatural. Muppwotrn was a deme 
of the tribe Aigeis. This is the same name and deme as that 
of the speaker in Plato’s dialogue, Phedr. 244 a. émBots 
see vill. l. 74. 


98. >Apiroropdver td Yoov ‘an equal sum to Aristophanes.’ 
As the speaker’s father appears to have had only two daughters 
(1. 106), we must suppose that the wife of Phedrus made a 
second marriage with Aristophanes. 


100-1. dere ed eiSévar ‘on condition of feeling certain.’ ‘If I 
could but feel certain.’ Cf. Dem., é&v adrots r&v Nourdv Epyew 
‘EdXAjvav dor’ adrovs vraxovew Baciret. Clyde, p. 204, note. 
Kndeorats supra, l. 74. 


102-4. kal viv ‘so now in point of fact.” "Adw2eKfOev ‘ of the 


304 NOTES. 


deme Alopeké,’ of the tribe Antiochis. 85 . . “EAAnorévre. 
i.e. who fell at Agospotami, see vi. 1. 33. 


107. éméSmxe see viii. 1. 74. Supra, 97. 


111. Ste rwoddots Av padrov éxpfro k.t.A. ‘That there were 126 


many persons he would have selected for his confidant rather 
than my father.’ So of xp#mevoe for ‘his friends,’ in Isocr. 
125 A. 


113-4. ékelvw . . mpdrrev ‘his (my father’s) bent was for 
minding his own affairs,’ ze. not public affairs. He was 
ampdyuwv, see on viii. 1. 169. 


119. mpa@rov pév, «.7.A. Dionysius the Elder, tyrant of 
Syracuse [B.c. 406-377] had been assisted by the Spartans in 
establishing his power in 406 B.c. [Diod. xiv. 10], and he seems 
always to have maintained a friendship with them, which this 
embassy failed to break down permanently ; for long after, in 
B.c. 378, we find him sending a body of auxiliaries to aid 
Sparta against Athens and Thebes [Xen. Hell. 7, 1, 20]. 


120-1. Hvvépov. This may be the same man of whom we 
hear as in command of thirteen ships to act against the 
Spartans under Gorgopax, in B.c. 388, with whom he had a 
naval battle by moonlight, and lost three ships [Xen. 5, 1, 5-9]. 
tévov ‘proxenus’ or ‘guest-friend.’ Though Dionysius was so 
much allied with Sparta, he had yet managed so far to keep on 
good terms with Athens as to be honoured with the citizenship. 
[Dem. (2) 161, tpeis e507e modirelay Evayépe 7@ Kumply xat 
Avovualw 7G Dvpaxoclw]. A fragment of the stone on which the 
decree was engraved has been found. See Hicks, p. 126. 


123. rév év Tleparet referring to the democratic exiles in 
the Peireus under Thrasybulus in 404-3 B.c. See Appendix. 
Tmapayevop.évov ‘in his company.’ 


125. Evaydpq. Evagoras was tyrant of Salamis in Cyprus till 
B.c. 374, for over thirty years. His character is drawn in very 
attractive colours by Isocrates in a panegyric addressed to his 
son and successor, Nikocles (Orat. ix.) He seems always to 
have been devoted to the Athenians, and to have been restive 
under his subordination to the Persians. For the assistance 
he rendered to Conon, especially in the matter of the command 
of the Persian fleet, a statue of him was put up in the Cerami- 
cus side by side with one of Conon, and Conon’s son Timotheos, 
see Pausan. 1, 8, 2. Many Greeks besides Conon had found 
refuge under his protection [Isocr. ix. 51-57). For his Athenian 





oe 305 


citizenship, see supra on 1. 120. The inscription of this decree 
also has been found in a broken condition. Hicks, p. 127. 


129. érecav ‘they succeeded in persuading.’ See on v. 127 


12: 


131-2. pera S¢ tatra . . BonPeaav. Though Evagoras had 
acted with the Persians at the battle of Cnidus, it was not long 
before he was at war with them,—a war which was said to have 
lasted ten years, i.e. from B.c. 385 to 376 [Clint. F. H. vol. ii. 
p- 279]. Before this he had apparently begged help from Athens, 
and such help we find sent under Chabrias in B.c. 388 [Xen. 
Hell. 5, 1, 10]. The embassy was perhaps in the preceding 
year. Nepos. Chabr. 2, publice ab Athentensibus Evagore ad- 
jutor datus. 


137. weAtaoras ‘foreign mercenaries, light armed.’ This 
word is not used of Athenian troops until after the time of 
Iphicrates (circ. B.c. 391). In Thucydides it is always used of 
foreign mercenaries. Cf. Arist. Ach. 159-160. 


139. 8 ody ‘however,’ ‘be that as it may.’ Resumes the 
main subject after a digression. 


141-3. kat rot ddekdod . . Katexptoato ‘and having 40 
mine belonging to his half-brother deposited at his house, he 
used them all up.’ 


147. @ySov see infra, 305. 


149-154. ‘What man think you, gentlemen,—keen after dis- 
tinction and getting letters from his father telling him that 
there would be no lack of anything in Cyprus; having, more- 
over, been elected ambassador, and being on the point of sailing 
to Evagoras,—would be likely to leave anything he possessed 
behind, but would not rather gratify that monarch, if he could, 
by contributing everything he had, and so make a handsome 
profit?’ éxelvw is Evagoras. py éAdrra, i.¢. mrelw. See on 
v. 1. 145; vi. 1. 186. The point of the argument is, that 
Aristophanes expected to make a great profit by anything he 
contributed, and therefore would contribute all he had or 
could get. 


155. Etvopov there appears to be some mistake here, as 
more than one witness is called, and to some points with which 
Eunomus was not concerned. 


159. éxoptoOn . . tpinpovs ‘for it was brought to them on 128 


the trireme,’ i.e. the public trireme which took out Aristo- 
xX 


306 NOTES. 


phanes as ambassador, and brought back the money lent on its 
return. 


163-4. 6 ILvpwAdprovs the son of Pyrilampes. atré sc. 
Aristophanes. 


164-7. &enOn pov . . rpinpapxtas ‘ begged me to go to Aris- 
tophanes (telling me that he had received a gold cup from the 
King of Persia as a pledge) and get for him 16 mine on it, 
to spend upon his trierarchy.’ There is no real difficulty in 
this sentence. Demus applied through his brother-in-law to 
Aristophanes, both as supposed to be well off, and as being 
ambassador, and so likely to wish the expedition to be well set 
out. ér atry cf. davelfew émi vnt, Dem. 1281. dAaPetv ‘to 
get money. Cf. Arist. Nub. 1135, & dacudme, 7d wey vuvl ph 
ays. eXov optat. in oratio obliqua, see on vi. 1. 62. So also 
adlkouro. 


168. AvoerBat drodots k.7.A. sc. gn. ‘He said that he 
would redeem it by a payment of twenty mine.’ 


172-3. pé\dov 8 x.7.X. ‘and though he was to take with him 
the gold cup, and to receive four mine as interest.’ For the 
fut. inf. after wéAdw, see ii. 1. 164. Td xpvolov seems to be 
used, though somewhat peculiarly, for ‘plate.’ In Thucyd. 
2, 13, 8, we have xpuctov donor. 


174. Kal mpoodedavetrOar tots Eévors AAoVev ‘that he had 
actually had to go elsewhere to borrow besides from his friends,’ 
infra, 1. 871. mpocdedaveicOar Tots Eévars ‘to have had lent by 
friends.’ ots éévos is the dative of the agent. See on v. 1. 
226. dddd0ev explains rots éévors ‘elsewhere than from his own 
resources.’ pos ‘in addition to what he had spent of his own.’ 


175. érady Hier Av dvOpdwy ‘for (he said) no one would 
be more glad than he either to take that pledge on the spot, or 
to grant my request.’ 


181-2. xoaAkapara . . cippixra ‘miscellaneous bronze uten- 1 
sils,’ not of a choice or valuable description. 


186-7. amply .. has ‘before we won the sea-fight,’ ¢.e. at Cnidus. 
This successful engagement paved the way for the return of 
Conon to Athens, and the restoration of the fortifications, and 
no doubt gave those engaged in it considerable spoil. See 
1, 233. Xen. Hell. 4, 8, 11. Diodorus (xiv. 83) gives the 
numbers engaged as 85 Spartan ships and 90 of the fleet under 
Pharnabazus and Conon. Cnidus is a town and island (joined 











B.S 307 


by a causeway to the mainland) on the extremity of a peninsula 
in Caria, which terminates with the promontory Triopium (Kap 
Krio). 

188. ‘Papvotwr ‘at Rhamnus,’ a deme of the tribe Aiantis. 


189. éx EtBotdov Apxovros ‘in the archonship of Eubulus.’ 
He is called in the list of Eponymous Archons EdSovNéns (Her- 
mann, p. 403) B.c. 394, a similar interchange of the patronymic, 
as in xv. L 85. MHarpocration also quotes the speech xara 
Pi\uvos as xara Pitwvidov. See Appendix IV. &. . rérrapow 
4 wévre Gre Aristophanes did not return from his mission to 
Evagoras, but was put to death for some cause, 1. 38. The four 
or five years are reckoned from 394-3 to 389-8 B.c. See on 1 131. 


192-4. xopnyois . . eloevnvoxévas. See on ii. 1 209. oixlav 
domum, ‘a private town house,’ distinguished from svvorxia, ‘a 
lodging house.’ The price of houses in Attica varied from 3 
to 120 minz. See Boeckh, p. 66. 


195. yas re. . wdépa ‘more than 300 plethra of land,’ 
about 80 acres English. House and land together cost him 5 
talents (infra, 1. 273), i.e. 300 mine. The land therefore cost 
250 mine, as the house was 50 minz (1. 194). Land in Attica 
therefore cost between 3 and 4 minz per English acre (i.e. from 
£12 to £16). But this of course would vary according to the 
situation and nature of the soil. See Boeckh. p. 62. 


197. &ruda ‘moveable property,’ including dress, furniture, 130 
and utensils, Xen. Oecon. ix. 6-7. 


199-201. eveyxeiv ‘produce,’ cf. deta etépepe xal’ Eavroi, 
Dem. de Cor. 323. éviore yap . . mwapéxo ‘for sometimes, 
though ever so desirous, one cannot buy things which will per- 
petually give pleasure ever after,’ sc. and so they are got rid 
of ; and accordingly even rich men have seldom a great deal of 
such property to produce. 

is 1S a curious remark, suggesting the poorness of the 
Athenian houses and their appointments, arising partly no 
doubt from the public and far from domestic nature of the life 
led by the citizens. [See Boeckh, p. 64, who says that building 
large and fine private houses a began about the time of 
Demosthenes.}] For rowatra 4, see on ii. 1. 270. 


203. oxetn ‘furniture,’ much the same as ésrXa in 1. 197, 
but not including like it personal ornaments, ete. Cf. Dem. 
1156, 7a 5 €x ris ENA olxias etédepov oKein. 


203-4. obx Srrws . . donpwacOncay ‘not only did you fail 


308 NOTES. 


to sell their furniture, but even the very doors of the chambers 
were pulled off.” He means that in the case of confiscations the 
houses were often abandoned and plundered, so that the State 
got nothing. Reiske mistranslated and misunderstood the 
passage from wrongly taking ovx% érws = non modo; whereas 
it = non modo non, see Madvig, § 212. For damage done to 
confiscated property standing unguarded, see ii. ll. 48-5. It 
reminds us of the account of the general scramble for the pro- 
perty of the abandoned monasteries after the suppression. 


208. darepatvero ‘were accounted for,’ z.¢c. to the treasury. 
Cf. Dem. 821, Afjuma ovdev Evol yeyernuevor drodaivover. Id. 480, 
Twhéov 7) déxa kal €xarov TddavTa adrépynvey amd Toy Todeplwy, 
in erarium rettulit. 


210. mpds rods ovvdlkovs ‘before the revenue commissioners.’ 
See ix. 1. 85. 


214. ds dxero AaPav ‘which he took with him when he 
went off,’ de. to Cyprus. 


219, pn&’ avrods «.7.A. ‘though we have nothing for our- 
selves even.’ 


223. Tirole tH Kdveavos the similarity of the case consists 
in this, that Timotheus, like Aristophanes, resided at Athens ; 
while his father Conon, like Nikophemus, lived and died at 
Cyprus. Timotheus, son of Conon, played a very conspicuous 
part in Athenian history, from 3B.c. 380-378 till his death in 
about 352 B.c. A speech against him on a private suit is 
extant, ascribed to Demosthenes. Nepos, in his life of him, 
says that he was disertus impiger laboriosus rei militaris peritus 
neque minus civitatis regende (Nep. Timoth. 1). He was a 
close friend of Isocrates (Isocr. xv. 101). He is said to have 
taken more cities than any other commander, namely, twenty- 
four (Isoer. xv. 107-13). 


224. éxelvov sc. Conon. 


229, odSt moddAcorov . . dpiv ‘not even a very small fraction 
of the expectation prevalent among you.’ For modAoowrdv 
pépos, see vil. 1. 224. 


231-2. Kéveva. . mpoorarrot see supra, ll. 75-6. 


233. a@peXadv zc. the gains made in the war by prizes, ete. 
See supra on Il. 186-7, 


238-9. év0d8e sc. at Athens. map avrots sc. in Cyprus. 





131 


7 


' 





X. 309 


241-2. hyotvro . . évOdde and they thought that their pro- 
perty in Cyprus was equally safe as that at Athens.’ oa is 
the Attic contraction of oda. 


243-5. Kal e& tis . . Siévesev ‘even if a man had divided 
among his sons what he had not earned himself, but had in- 
herited from his father’— much less if, as was Conon’s case, it 
was what he had gained himself by his own exertions. 


245. odk dxrora dv aire true ‘he would have reserved 
the greater part for himself.’ ov« €&dyxtora = mAciora by the 
litotes usual in Greek. See on v. 1. 145. He wants to show 
that Conon kept the greater part of his property in Cyprus, 
just as he wished them to believe that Nikophemus did. 


249-50. e pi tH . . mode a conventional reservation, ‘un- 
less some great benefit therefrom is to arise to the State.’ 


258. dvabfpara. See on iv. 1. 186. 


260. orarijpas. The Attie stater = 20 drachme. The 
Kyzikene stater = 28 drachme. See v, 1. 81. 


264-5. rovrwv 8 Kepddarov . . tadavra ‘and the total of 
these sums is 40 talents’ (about £9640). The calculation is 
not an accurate one. If the staters mentioned are Attic staters 
(i.e. 20 drachme), the account will stand thus :— 


avabjuara (5000 staters at 20 drachme) 16 talents 40 minz 


Legacy to nephew. , : Saat ae 40 ,, 
Do. to brother : : P BeS 1 aoe Oe 
Remainder to son : : : Aes ly ae Ov: 





38 talents 20 mine. 








If the staters are Kyzikene staters, i.e. valued at 28 Attic 
drachme, 5000 of them will be 23 talents 20 mine; and the 
total 45 talents. See Appendix. 


266-7. dmepdvOn. See supra, 1. 208. ev TH vécw dy ‘being 133 
in his last illness,’ clearly indicating, according to the speaker, 
that Conon died at Cyprus. See supra, 1. 75. 


272-84. The speaker then goes on to show that he can 
account for the expenditure of fifteen talents by Aristophanes, 
more than a third of the amount of Conon’s property (and that 
excluding what his father Nikophemus kept at Cyprus), which 
is much more than he could have been expected to have at all, 
and shows that he could not have left much behind him at his 


310 NOTES. 


death. His point is that Nikophemus, like Conon, kept the 
bulk of his property at Cyprus, not at Athens; and that his 
son Aristophanes can yet be shown to have spent at Athens 
more than he could reasonably be expected to have had. He 
reckons in this way :— 
Purchase of house and land .  . 5 talents 0 mine 
spent as Choragus for self and father 
spent as Trierarch ‘ 
eiopopal for self and father . 
expedition to Sicily : ‘ 
mission to Cyprus. : : heen) 


9 40 2? 
99 40 23 
bP) 0 29 


0 
Ls ys 20 ,, 
0 
1 





14 talents 30 mine 








He says the whole is little less than fifteen talents, and we must 
observe that the price of the land is said to be more than five 
talents, but he does not say how much more. For the kare- 
Xoptyynoe ‘used up as Choragus,’ tpinpapxev and cioevfvexrar 
contributed in extraordinary taxes (elc@opat), see supra, |. 191, 
and v. 1.140. For the expedition to Sicily, swpra, 1. 120, and the 
mission to Cyprus, 1. 131. drodavOfjvat, see supra, ll. 208, 


266. 


293. axhKoa. See supra, ll. 29, 91. This is the third time 
the speaker has prefaced a general observation with this word. 
It seems as though he were assuming the réle of an inexperi- 
enced and ingenuous youth,—another instance of the dramatic 
art of Lysias. 


298-300. atrika ‘for instance.’ See ]. 438. Cf. xv. 1. 154. 
*Ioxopaxw. There is a man of this name mentioned by Andoc. 
de Myst. § 124; and by Demosth. (?), Contra Theotim. 1331. 
But there is nothing to enable us to identify them. évepdcOnv 
‘divided between them.’ Cf. viii. 1. 74. 


304-6. otkos ‘estate,’ whereas olxia is the ‘house.’ mdavra rod 
olkov elvac baa tis Kéxtnrat, Xen. Econ. 1, 5. Nuxtov Nicias 
was exceedingly rich, Thucyd. 7, 86, 4, 7c rAovctos Hv,—as was 
his son Nikeratus, Xen. Hell. 2, 3, 39. Kal rotrwv Ta modda 
évSov ‘and that too mostly in ready money.’ tovrwv sc. Tahdv- 
twv. €tyBov lit. ‘in the house,’ as opposed to property in land 
or mortgages. Demosth. in Aphob. A. 816, dpyupiou 8 &vdov 
bySojkovra pvas, as opposed to money invested, évepyd. See 
supra, |. 147. 


310-11. KaddXlas. . 6 ‘Imrovlkov. Callias, the third of that 
name, as the head of the wealthiest family in Athens (see on 
vii. 1, 214). He was celebrated for his profligacy and extrava- 











o.& 311 


zance ; he was the prosecutor of Andocides for profanation, who 
says of him (de Myst. § 130), that common report affirmed that 
his father, oléuevos vidv rpépew adirjpiov airg Tpépew ‘a curse.’ 
He, however, was a great friend of the Sophists, and the scene of 
Xenophon’s ‘ Banquet’ and Plato’s ‘ Protagoras’ is laid at his 
house. He is said to have died in great poverty. rolvw 
‘again,’ ii. 1. 68. 


313. éruptqoaro, sc. riv otciay, ‘he valued his own property 
at 200 talents.’ ériujoaro is middle, as in the phrase @avarov 
Tipa@pat, ‘I assess my punishment at death,’ whereas the Dicasts 
would say riu@uev. For the genitive raddvrwy, see Goodwin, 
§ 178. 


314-5. rd Tolvw . . éore ‘his rateable property, you know, 135 

is assessed at not even two talents.’ riunua is not the value of 
a property, but of that part of it considered subject to taxation. 
The proportion thus rateable varied,—in the first class it was a 
fifth, and less in the lower classes. Accordingly Callias’ property 
would be at least ten talents—a sum equal to that which, 
according to Plutarch, his brother-in-law Alcibiades forced him 
to advance, in addition to his wife’s original dowry, on the birth 
of his son (Plut. Alcib. 8). 


315. KXeopdvta. See v. 1. 55. 


319. of mpoojkovtes kal of knderrai ‘his relations by blood 
and by marriage.’ See vi. 1. 4. 


321. a&pxatorAotrwv ‘men possessed of hereditary wealth,’ 
opposed to vedr\ovro. The word seems properly to belong to 
poetry. See L. and Sc. 


324. 6 Setva ‘this or that man.’ Goodwin, § 85. 


328-30. KarapedSeoOar, cf. viii. 1.61. atrol yap «.t.A. ‘ for 
you yourselves lately heard in the assembly that Diotimus had 
forty talents more than he acknowledged himself from the ship 
captains and merchants.’ Atdéripos. We find Diotimus in joint 
command with Iphicrates in B.c. 388-7 [Xen. Hell. 5, 1, 25]; 
the word évayxos therefore may indicate a date not long after 
this ; but that of course depends on the assumption that the 
money thus unaccounted for was obtained during this command. 
We find Diotimus also acting as a subordinate of Alcibiades in 
408 B.c. [Xen. Hell. 1, 3, 12]. 


332-4. &moypadovtos ‘giving in an account.’ Seopévns k.7.A. 
‘in spite of the fact that the State was in want of money,’ see 


312 NOTES. 


supra, 1. 66. In B.c. 387 the Persian and Spartan fleets under 
Tiribazus and Antalcidas, supplemented by ten ships sent by 
Dionysius, so blocked up the Hellespont as to prevent the 
supplies of corn from Pontus, on which Athens greatly depended, 
from reaching her ; and caused great distress and loss. This, 
combined with the long-protracted hostilities, will well account 
for the poverty of the exchequer. 


335-8. Noyloagbat ‘to give in his accounts.’ efra erabé ti 
‘and then if anything had happened to him,’ a common euphem- 
ism for aréOave. 


343-5. altior obv eciow . . émOupodvres ‘that you have ere 
now been deceived in regard to many persons,—yes, and that 
some have perished quite unjustly,—you too have to thank 
those men who show reckless audacity in falsehood, and are 
eager to bring vexatious charges against others.’ alrvot tpiv 
(like déco. dutv) ‘blamable by you.’ Madv. § 34. Cf. Demosth. 
195, mo\A@v KaxGv 7h dvowa modXois airia ylyverat. Today . 
evo Sfjvor ‘to be deceived about many.’ (Cf. construction of 
auaptavw.) Goodwin, § 171. 


346-9. rérrapa # mévre Urn ebetfs eorparhye ‘was Strategus 
for four or five years running.’ He must refer to the years 
from B.c. 411-10 to B.c, 407-6, a period in the life of Alcibiades 
including the battle of Cyzicus (in which Mindarus was killed), 
the sieges of Chalcedon and Byzantium, his return to Athens, 
and his second disgrace. Plut. Alcib. 28-36. It is not clear 
whether Alcibiades during all this time was technically a Strate- 
gus ; but he was in command of Athenian vessels. SumrAdove 

. at modes . . 88dvar. An instance of Alcibiades levying 
money on the subject towns occurs in Thucyd. viii. 108, 2, in 
the case of Halicarnassus (B.c. 411). 


351-3. dmro8aveév Alcibiades was murdered in Phrygia, B.c. 
404. tdv emirporevedvrwy ‘from his guardians,’ viz. Pericles 
and his brother Ariphron. Plut. Alcib. 1. 


366. murrevere TobTo.s GAnOA A€éyew of, K.7.A. ‘ believe that 
they speak truth who,’ etc. adn} Aéyew is equivalent to a 
noun in the accusative case. miorevew Twi Te (like credo aliquid 
alicut) is not common. Cf. Xen. Mem. 4, 4, 17, rive & ay tis 
Madrov misrevoece Taparadécbat 7) xphuara # vious } Ovyarépas. 


369-372. <A recapitulation of § 21-3. 


374-5. otre . . dvretrov ill-behaviour to parents being a 
legal offence: see Appendix II. 











7 
¥ 
b 
Hd 
mt 





137, 





ae 313 


376. évexddecev for éyxahéw and éyxdnua, see viii. 1. 78. 


376-8. éyyis Te oikGv . . otSerdmore. ‘And though living 
near the Agora, I never yet was seen in court or council 
chamber.” pds ‘near,’ would seem to imply ‘before’ as a 
defendant or accuser ; but then what could his living ‘near 
the Agora’ have to do with it? He means to claim the char- 
acter of drpdyuwr, one who minded his own business and was 
not perpetually haunting the law-courts, see ii. 1. 1, 2; though 
a want of interest in them was also considered a mark of 
PgGupia and pwadaxia, see iv. 1. 69, 70. The Agora was the 
centre of business, see xiii. ]. 150. 


387. of mpoavadtoKovres ‘who advance money,’ zpoavaNioxew 
is to advance money to be repaid. ot—rovrov sc. Tod mpoavani- 
oxew ‘not simply from a desire to make a necessary advance to the 
State.” No holder of an office (épy%) received a salary (though 
those who had special or subordinate service, tanpécia, did) ; but, 
we have already seen that the office of Strategus brought or was 
expected to bring wealth [ll. 235, 346], and the same in more or 
less degree would be true of other offices, the Archonship, etc. 


390-2. tas 88 xopnylas . . eoevivoxev. Supra, ll. 273-6. 


395. wevrtkovta we learn from]. 412 that he lived to seventy. 138 
His public life therefore begins at twenty. See iv. 1. 209. 


398-9. év odv . . medevyévat ‘now in a public career, extend- 
ing over so long a time, it is but natural to suppose that a 
man with the reputation for ancestral wealth should have 
shrunk from no kind of expense.’ 

The sentence is by way of introducing the witnesses who are 
coming to testify to the amount paid in public services by the 
father of the speaker. He says: ‘Now you would of course 
feel sure that he spent a great deal, but I shall call witnesses to 
prove it.’ The whole point of the argument is that a man who 
acted so liberally would not have been guilty of the meanness 
charged. ¢é apxfjs ‘ originally,’ cp. ix. 1. 11 (von Hause aus, 
Rauchenstein). In spite of ll. 388-9, I feel sure that the old 
editors were wrong in translating gxew te & apxijs magistratu 
suo aliquid acquisivisse. Cf. dpxacordovrwv, 1. 321. 


401. évvéa rddavta kal StoxfAtat Spaxpai 9 talents 20 
mine (about £2240). 


403-4. i8{q ‘ privately,’ as opposed to the above-mentioned 
acts of munificence in public interests. ouveE®wke . . adeddds 
‘helped to portion daughters or sisters.’ See on viii. 1. 73. 





314 NOTES. 


ransom must have often arisen at this time of continued and 
complicated hostilities ; one such instance we have heard of in ~ 
vais 1. 208. 


411. wAdcacbar tov tpdrov Tov adrod ‘to assume a false 139 
character’ (rAdrrew fingere). Cf. Dem. de Cer. 304, rijs didav- 
Opwrias, qv . . éxewos émdadTTETO. 


413. o¥8’ Av ets AdBot ‘nobody in the world could continue 
to hide his baseness through a period of seventy years.’ é& 
see 1]. 398. 


418-9. te xpdvw bv... voploare ‘which be sure is the 
clearest test of truth.’ Rauchenstein quotes Pind. Ol. xi. 53, 
b 7’ éEedéyxwv udvos ddadeiav éErprupoy xpbvos. Xen. Hell. 3, 2, 
2, cvvenapripncev 6 adnOéoraros Neyomevos xpovos elvat. 


| 

; | 

rovs' 8’ éXtcaro ‘and paid ransom for some.’ This need of 
| 


424-5, els xpnpdrwv Adyov ‘as a mere question of money.’ | 
aropndloacbat sc. éuod ‘to vote my acquittal.’ | 


430-1. ddlya Kara pikpdv . . a@edelas ‘to make the little I 
have gradually serve for the public advantage.’ 


432-4, kal otre . . Sypetdoaire, z.c. I shall not be suffering 
from a sense of injustice, and the State will really be better off 
than by the confiscation.’ 


437, rovatra 80ev equivalent to é& dy. See on ii. 1. 270. 


438-40. avrika ‘for instance,’ supra, 1. 298. 8re Urmevev 140) 
‘when he was serving in the cavalry he purchased horses, not 
only fine ones (for chargers), but such as were fitted for racing.’ 
G&OAnTHs employed in the G@da. Plat. Parm. 187 A.  6re 
Urmevey to serve in the cavalry was the duty of the richer 
men (see vii. 1. 61), who also alone could afford to keep horses 
for the races (immorpopey . . & Trav evdatpoverrdrwy epyov 
éo7l, Isocr. de big. § 33); and from this passage it seems that 
a man would be likely to choose the time of his cavalry service 
if possible for keeping horses for the races, the convenience of 
doing the two together being obvious. 





441-2. dore . . orehavebfjvar ‘so that the city was named 
in the proclamation of the victor, and he himself received the 
wreath.’ The wreath in these two games was parsley. 


tésoapes elow ayaves dv’ ‘Edda’ técoapes ipol. 
ol SUo pev Ovnrav, ol dio 5 dbavdrwr. 

Znvos Anrotdao ILadalpovos "Apxepdporo. 
Oda 6é r&v Kbriwos pra cé\wa tltus, 








D6 B 315 


The credit reflected on the town of the victor is continually 
the theme of Pindar’s Odes. 


ORATION XI. [22.] 


[‘The importation of corn into Attica,’ says Boeckh (p. 81), ‘was 
equal to at least a third of the consumption.’ It became therefore 
necessary to make careful regulations concerning it. Especial 
officers (o:ropUAakes) were appointed to see that these regulations 
were obeyed, and the penalty of death was inflicted not only on 
dealers who infringed the law, but sometimes even on these officers 
for failing to prevent it (§ 16). 

The retail dealers (ctrorGdat, xdandor, 1. 164) were forbidden to 
charge more than one obol per phormus or medimnus in excess of 
the price at which they had purchased. And as an obvious way 
of evading this regulation would be to purchase a large stock and 
wait for a rise in the market price, a further regulation forbade the 
purchase of more than fifty phormi at a time. 

In this case information had been laid before the Boulé that 
certain corn dealers had purchased more than the legal quantity of 
corn. Some members of the Boulé proposed that they should 
forthwith be handed over to the Eleven for execution. This pro- 
posal was resisted by the present speaker, who urged that they 
should have a fair trialk This seems to have caused him some 
discredit, as though he had wished to defend their illegal conduct. 
Accordingly, when the preliminary investigation came on before 
the Boulé, as was the ordinary method in cases of impeachment, 
he spoke against them by way of purging himself of the imputa- 
tion (§ 3). And when in due course the case was remitted to an 
ordinary court, he delivered this speech against them. 

The speech is almost entirely an appeal to the judges to act 
according to the laws, to vindicate their authority, and punish the 
offenders for the public advantage. There is no question of guilt 
or innocence, for the defendants admit their breach of the law. 
Their only pleas were—(1) That they acted in accordance with a 
suggestion of the ocropiAaxes; (2) That what they did was for the 
public advantage, insomuch that it secured a supply of corn. He 
answers—(1) By showing on evidence that no such suggestion was 
made by the orrogvAaxes, and that if it had been it would not 
excuse a breach of a plain law ; and (2) That their plea of acting 
for the public advantage is contradicted by the fact of their having 
varied the selling price by as much as a drachm in one day,—in 
itself a breach of the law. 

There is no means of definitely settling the date of the speech ; 


316 NOTES. 


but from § 14 we should perhaps gather that it was at any rate as 
late as B.C. 886-7. For the whole subject of the corn trade and 
laws at Athens, see Boeckh, pp. 81 sq.] 


= 


= Tabi 


% 


5. tmovovpévous Adyous vii. 1. 260, ‘making speeches,’ almost 141 


equivalent to karnyopobyres, and distinguished from Noyoroety, 
1. 101, which has an idea of falseness. cvkodavrety, ii. 1. 257, 
‘to be vexatious’ or ‘ pettifogging.’ 


8. ot mputdvers. The senate of 500 were divided into Fifties, 
who took it in turn to provide presidents (xpuraves) for the 
Ecclesia. These fifties subdivided themselves into tens, each of 
which took turns in that duty. dmédocayv, rettulerunt, ‘they 
brought the case before the Boule.’ We have had, vi. 1. 129, 
els tt Snudorov dmwédocay ; but we cannot say with Bremi that 
the expression is haud rarum. We must understand 76 xpjua 
or rov \éyov after drédocav, as implied in wepl adrdv. Cf. Eur. 
Orat. 251, Néyor dmddos é’ Ste xpéos eudrere. 


11. tots évdexa. See iv. 1. 60. 
16. *pa@v, sc. BovdeuTay. 


18. meobelons . . ratra ‘being persuaded to this.’ For 
this accus. see on i. 1. 7. 


20-8. rods Adyous . . érrovodpny here has no sense of accusing. 
See infra, 95. mpds . . Bovdny ‘before the Boule,’ ef. v. 1. 36. 
br Fv attois  Kplots ‘since the preliminary trial was before 
them.’ xpiois here is equivalent to dvdxpiors, the preliminary 
trial before a magistrate to see whether the action was main- 
tainable (elcaywyiuos). ‘When an impeachment was preferred 
before the Boule... if their sentence was in favour of the 
impeachment they passed a resolution to that effect, of which 
their secretary gave notice to the Thesmothete, and it became 
the duty of those magistrates to bring the case for trial be- 
fore a jury’—(Kennedy). épyo get id el ‘I made a 
practical defence’ against these charges, i.e. by accusing the 
corn dealers I showed practically that it was from no personal 
feeling for them that I acted as I did before. tav. . dAdav, 
se. pntépwy vel Bovrevray, cf. 1, 10. 


25-7. rovrwy .. evexa ‘for the reasons I have described.’ 


27-9. aloyxpdv . . Wydlonobe ‘I think it base to stop till 
you have voted.’ ply ay should follow a negative sentence 
(Goodwin, § 240-2); but aloxpdv . . mdvoac@a may be said to 
contain a negative idea. 





XI. 317 


30-9. For an examination similarly reported in the first 142 
person, see vi. 1. 167. One of the ctrow@dax is called up upon 
the Bema, and interrogated. 


B1. ds weodpevos ‘on condition of obeying.’ 


33-5. G@AAo tt. . 4 = nonne? and therefore tywye, sc. dia, 
may stand in answer. 


36-8. whelo . . wevTHKovTa goppav ay .. Kedever ‘more 
than the fifty measures which the law provides as the limit per- 
missible.” goppdés, according to Boeckh (p. 82), is about the 
same as the medimnus. It properly means the ‘basket’ to 
carry it in [Rt. dep, dépw, Popéw, Pop-d-s, etc. Curtius, 300]. dy 
is attracted into the case of gopydv. tav apxdvtTev, sc. ‘the 
corn inspectors,’ otro@’Aaxes, who had especial authority in the 
matter of the corn trade, as the d-yopéyéuo in the case of other 
commodities, Boeckh, p. 83, infra 115. 


44. waperxdpeba ‘I produced,’ i.e. when speaking in the 
Boule, or in the written indictment (ypag7). 


50. Kata tots vépous dpapdxate. See vii. 1. 172, and the 
Dicasts’ oath in Appendix IV. 


54. eis &xelvous, sc. eis Tovs citodUaKas. 143 


55. ot pev tércapes k.t.A. Of these inspectors there were 
fifteen, ten in the city (ée7v) and five in the Peireus. Harpocr. 
S. V. otroptNaxes ; Boeckh, p. 83. 


58. tmepBaddAdvtoyv ‘ bidding against each other.’ 


61. @s afudrarov ‘as cheaply as possible.’ &£vos ‘worth the 
money,’ hence ‘ cheap.’ 


62. Setv yap x.1.A. (I say to your interest) for it made no 
difference to them, seeing that they were obliged to sell at only 
an obol’s profit per phormus. 


64. kataSéocbar ‘to store it up.’ The breach of the law 
would be the storing the corn till the price was raised, and then 
selling it so as to get more than obol profit without its being 
noticed that they did so, the price paid some time before being 
forgotten. 


66-8. Kal os K.r.A. ‘and to prove that he (Anytus) said these 
words last year, and that they (the defendants) are proved to 
be guilty of engrossing corn this year.’ éi ris wporépas BovA fis 


318 NOTES. 


‘during the existence of last year’s Boulé.’ érl rijoSe ‘during 
the existence of this.’ See vi. 1. 137. 


70-3. Hyotpat 8’, dv «7d. ‘and I think that if they really 
are speaking the truth about the corn inspectors, they will not 
be defending themselves, but accusing them.’ 


86-7. vuvi 8& ‘but in point of fact,’ i. 1.12. Spaxpq ‘at a 144 
profit of a drachma per phormus,’ z.e. six times the legal profit. 
domep «.t.A. ‘just as though they were buying by the 
medimnus at a time,’ 7.e. as though they had not a ied store 
bought at a lower rate. 


89-90. elordopdy, see ii. 1. 299. Hv wdvres «7.A. ‘which all 
the town will needs know of.’ 


93-4. tatra .. mapavopfioat ‘this they declare that they 145 
did in defiance of the law from ae to you.’ ‘I cannot 
believe,’ he says, ‘that they would refuse such a patriotic and 
creditable thing as an elogopd, and yet from sheer patriotism 
run the risk of death by breaking the law.’ 


95-6. tovobrovs . . Adyous to advance such pleas, supra, 
j aye 


101. tas 8 adroit Aoyorrowotcw ‘and some disasters they 
invent themselves and put about.’ For Aoyorootew, cf. viii. 
1. 85. The noble arts of ‘ Bulling’ and ‘ Bearing’ may, it seems, 
claim a respectable antiquity. 


100-5. These rumours, set afloat in the corn market, seem to 
point to the period of Antalcidas’ successes in the Hellespont, 
B.C. 388-7. KekAeto Oar Ta éumdpra see on x. |. 66. 


110-11. GAN dyardpev «7.A, viii. 1.131. ‘But may think 
ourselves lucky if we manage to buy from them at any price 
whatever.’ damr&\Owpev used with any participle gives the idea 
of coming badly off. Cf. Arist. Ach. 690, o5 pw’ éxphv copédv 
mplacOat Toir’ ddd&v arrépxoua. 


115. dyopavépous. See supra, |. 36. 


117-18. ékelvwv, se. citopv\dxwy. They were punished for 
not preventing the offence. modttév dvrwy ‘and that too 
though the offenders were citizens,’ whereas these men are 
only Metics. 


124-6. dporoyotvrwv . . Tovs eardpous ‘when they confess 146— 
with their own lips to making a ‘corner’ against the merchants.’ 





XII. 319 


The Zuopo are the shippers of the corn, who bring it from 
Pontus or elsewhere, the offenders are ottom@dac ‘corn- 
brokers’ or ‘dealers,’ who buy it from the Europa. Tots 
domdéovervy = Tois Eumdpois. 


127. &\Anv twa ‘any other defence than that which they 
have set up,’ viz. that they had broken the law, but by the 
advice of the corn inspectors. 


137. péddoy, sc. rather than those who confess to the illegal 
act. 


146-9. The punishment is not only for the sake of the past, 147 
but as a deterrent for the future. Cf. vii. 1. 88. tév mapeAn- 
AvOdtwv, sc. ddiknudrwv. ottw i.e. ‘if you acquit them.’ 


151. wept rod capards . . Hywviopévor ‘many have been tried 
for their life’ ; in another sense see i. 1. 6. 


158. amré0vyoKov ‘were dying with hunger.’ 
163. karfAwv ‘retail dealers,’ an invidious term for the 


orromT@Aa. 


167. wv0écGat ‘to be informed’ as to the merits of the case. 


ORATION XII. [23.] 


[This is an answer to a special plea (rapaypagy) demurring to 
the jurisdiction of the magistrate before whom an action had been 
brought. 

The speaker, conceiving himself to be wronged by Pancleon, 
and believing him to be an alien, summoned him before the Pole- 
marchus, who had jurisdiction in suits in which foreigners were 
implicated. Pancleon declared himself to be a Platewan, possessed, 
therefore, of Athenian citizenship, and on the register of the Deme 
Decelea. 

The speaker here gives his reasons for disbelieving this assertion. 

(1) He describes how he went to the various places frequented by 
the member of the Deme Decelea, and made inquiries, and found 
that no one knew such a member of the Deme. One man, however, 
said that a slave of that name had run away from him, and his 
description tallied with Pancleon’s age and appearance. 

(2) A few days afterwards the speaker happened to see Pancleon 
being actually arrested on the charge of being the slave of Nico- 
medes. His friends gave bail for his appearance, alleging that his 


320 NOTES. 


freedom could be proved. The speaker had the curiosity to attend 
the court next day, and witnessed the proceedings. So far from 
the promised proof being forthcoming, two people claimed him as 
their slave, and his friends, taking advantage of the dispute, forcibly 
removed him. 

(3) On another occasion he discovered that Pancleon had been 
summoned by one Aristodicus before the Polemarchus, and had 
entered the same demurrer, but had failed to establish it; and 
though he commenced a suit for false witness against one of the 
witnesses who asserted in his evidence on the demurrer that he was 
not a Platzan, he abandoned it, and lost his suit. 

(4) Again, not being able to pay the money due in consequence 
of this suit on the right day, he had taken refuge at Thebes,—the 
last place in the world to which a real Plateean would go. 

There is nothing to make us certain as to the date of the speech. 
But some reason is given in the note on 1. 108 for imagining that 
it was probably some little time before B.c. 387. 

We have no other speech by Lysias on a rapaypagy, though 
there is an allusion to such a proceeding in ix. § 5. For examples 
of it see Demosthenes in Phormiona, rpos rhv Aaxplrov tapaypa- 
oy, in Pantaenetum, etc. ] 


3-4, thy Slknv ~daxov. ‘I obtained leave to bring the suit,’ 
ze. at the avdxpiots before the Archon, see xi. 1. 21. od« 8vte 
TIdaravet ‘not being, as he asserts, a Platwan.’ The 200 
Plateans who escaped during the siege of Platea by the 
Thebans in B.c. 428 [Thucyd. 8, 20, sq.] were received at 
Athens and endowed with the citizenship. The bulk of the 
Platwans, however, were settled afterwards in Scione [Thucyd. 
5, 32, 1]; nor can it be said that the Plateans, as a whole, any 
more than any other State, obtained the citizenship. It was 
those of them who took refuge in Attica; just as in B.c. 878, 
when their town was a second time destroyed, Diodorus says 
(15, 46), of 6€ INaraets els “AOjvas pera Téxvwy Kal yuvalkwv 
gpuysvres tis lcomohreias ervxov bid Thy xpnoToTrynTa Tod Onmov. 
See Hermann, § 117. Aristoph. Ran. 694. 


7-8. mpds tov rodktpapxov before the Archon Polemarchus, 
i.é. the third Archon, before whom suits in which aliens were 
involved would come on the dvrdxpiors; that is, he was the 
cloaywyev’s, the magistrate who gave, or refused, leave for the 
suit to be brought before a court. mpowexarerdpyv ‘I sum- 
moned him ;’ a practical instance of this rpéoxAnovs is found in 
Nub. 1220, sq., where, in summoning Strepsiades, Pasias begins 
by ‘naming the day’ for his appearance. 


10-11. Apdpyy omdbev Syporedvorro ‘I asked him to what deme 





XI. 321 


he belonged.’ The locative 6r66er is used as in the termination 
of the names of the Deme AexeXelofer *"AXwrnxifer, etc., and 
on the same principle as we say ol éx THs wédews, x Tis cTparias 
x.7.d. If he wasa citizen by birth or by special grant he would 
have to be enrolled in some deme and entered on the register 
(ro Anstapyexéy). See iv. L 209. -wapatwéoavros . . TeV 

‘one of my witnesses having suggested to me that I 
should summon him also before the tribe to which he pretended 
to belong.’ For rév wapdovrey, see infra, 1. 61. 

13-14. AexehkadOey . . Sixdfowras. The Deme Decelea be- 

lo to the tribe Hippothoontis. rots tq ‘Iwro8evriik 

ovras ‘before the official arbitrators of the tribe Hip- 
pothoontis,’ before whom civil suits were first heard. See iv. 
1. 36. There were four elected annually from each of the ten 
tribes. 

15. él rd Kovpeioy To wapa tous ‘Eppas ‘to the barber’s 
shop in the street of the Hermz.’ The barber’s shop in all ages 
has been the resort of gossips and loungers. In Athens various 
shops were thus used, see xiii. lL 147-9. And we have had an 
instance of a banker’s bureau used in the same way, iii. 1. 28. 
Cf. Arist. Av. Stay Néywow . . Tots pecpaxios & Toict Koupeiots 
radi. A man who entirely avoided such places was considered 
morose, — what Dr. Johnson would have ealled an unelus- 
able man. See Demosth. 786, quoted by Becker, Charicles, p. 
279. From this passage and that in xiii. we may learn that 
these places sometimes got a political importance by being the 
resort of a particular tribe or party. wapda Tovs “Eppas accord- 
ing to Harpocration these Hermz were arranged along the street 
(which thus went by that name), extending along the side of 
the Agora from the croa roci\y to the eroa Bagitecos, which 
latter was on the right of the street of the Keramicus (Paus. 
1, 3,1); it was called croa SaciXeos because the second or king 
Archon, who heard cases connected with religion, held his 
court there; the Ilocxi\n was in the opposite corner of the Agora. 


16. ot AexeXcis the people of the Deme Decelea. wpoodo- 
teow ‘habitually go,’ xiii. L 148. 


20-4. gevyot . . &dAfKow ‘that he is now defendant,’ ‘and 149 
has before this been cast.’ In direct speech it would be ge-ye: 
- - Ane. See Goodwin, § 203. are ‘against him.’ Good- 
win, § 184, 2. 

26. kal pou ona. itis Sep ‘and please to stop the 
water.” The water clock by which the Gas eiicwedits a 
speaker was measured consisted of a round globe and a pipe 


Ys 


322 NOTES. 


through which the water escaped ; the escape of the water could 
be stopped by a m@ua, and this was done when documents were 
read, or evidence given, which interrupted the speaker. The 
quantity of water allowed to each speaker was measured by 
amphore, Dem. 1052, and varied in various cases. Kat... 
émthaBe k.t.A. is addressed to the officer who had the duty of 
regulating the clock (6 颒 Udwp). See Dict. of Antiq. s. v. 
horologiwm. 


29-30. avreypdparo ‘laid a counter indictment against me,’ 
i.e. instead of pleading to my indictment he brought a cross 
action against me, to the effect that my action would not lie (uy 
elaaydyuov elvar) because I had brought it before the wrong 
Archon. dyrtvypagj is generically any plea put in by the 
defendant in answer to the indictment ypag¢7. In this case, as 
it did not answer directly the indictment, but raised a side 
issue, it is equivalent to mapaypagdh, mapaypdgerOa. mwepl 
wood trovotpevos . . BotAcrOat ‘rating very high, my wish 
not to be thought by any one to be guilty of illegality;’an 
inaccurate expression, as what he rated high was mydevi ddgaz, 
not Bothec@a. But it may be regarded as a circumlocution for 
‘wishing very strongly.’ For Bpttew ‘to act with high-handed 
disregard of law,’ see ii. 1. 87. 


38. Apdérov 84 ‘I naturally began asking.’ 6% = ‘as al 
matter of course,’ introducing a consequence of what preceded. 


41, eis tov XAwpdv Tupdv ‘to the cheese market,’ lit. ‘to 
the fresh cheese.’ [It was brought to market in wicker 
shapes, for Hercules adrots rots raddpos karjobcer, Arist. R. 559.] 
The ware stands for the place in which it is sold: so, Ta dpvea 
‘the bird- market’ (Arist. Av. 16), 7d dor ‘the provision- 
market,’ 6 olvos ‘the wine-market,’ and so on. Becker 
(Charicles, p. 286) quotes Eupolis, repi#\Oov els 7a oxbpoda Kal 
Ta Kpdumva kal Tov ALBavwrov, Kal evOd Tov dpwudrwy Kal mept 
ra yéXyn. TH evy Kalvég ‘the last day of the month.’ The new 
month began on the evening of the last day of the old month, ' 
which was therefore called ‘old and new’ [Donaldson, pp. 637-8. 
For the etymology of évos connected with sen-ex, etc., see 
Curtius, 311]. The interest on money was generally due on 
that day, and it was a day for hearing suits, which would 
account for there being an extra attendance ; besides the fact of 
its apparently being a market day. See Arist. Nub. 1183-6, 
1222, 1180-2. 


48-50. adeorara ‘who had run away,’ a word used of 
‘revolt’ or ‘insurrection,’ not that I can find of slaves, in 








XIL 323 


regard to whom the more common expression would be drodpdrra. 
vi téxvny ic. that of a fuller, see 1. 7. 


53. Tov és . . @vas ‘and the man who said that he was 
his owner.’ e use of the article as a personal pronoun com- 
mon in Homer left its traces in Attic, as in the common phrase 
6 péyv—6 32, and in such phrases as rpd rod, v. L 9; & rots 
wpara d2’AGwain. . xaréfevro, Thucyd. 1, 6,3. Cf. 3, 17, 
1. We have had in x. 1 409, roy xairév. [See Matth. Gr. Gr. 
§ 289.] Rauchenstein justifies it on the ground that the relative 
sentence is a paraphrase (Umschreibung) of a substantive, as 
though 4s-€gn-deoxrérys-rotrov-elva: was to be regarded as form- 
ing a substantive. Others think that the word Nixoujdny has 
been lost. See 1]. 57. 


56. 4 
ground that he was a slave.’ 


60-2. Ss Batphooiro .. ds A. * who would vindicate his free- 
dom.’ For the tense and mood, see supra, 1. 20. tev rotro 
wapovtwy some of the defendant's witnesses (1. 11), i.e. those 
bystanders whom he appealed to. A man thus assaulted or - 
wrongfully arrested said, uaprépoua ‘I call the bystanders 
to witness. Arist. Nub. 1297; Acharn. 927. 


62-3. Gri rovrois . . amidvres ‘on these pleas, having given 
bail that they would produce him, they went their way and 
departed.’ wapé&av eds ayopay seems to mean ‘to produce in 
court,’ dyopay standing generally for all public places and 
buildings. The peculiarity of the phrase has induced some to 
suggest the reading eis aipov, which seems to have some sup- 
port from 1. 64. 


66. wapayevéoar ‘ to be in court. 


67-8. é@ ols piv otv EnyyvnPy ‘now as to the plea on which 
he was released on bail.’ 

70. GpdicByrotca to Nixopnda ‘claiming him as her 
slave against Nicomedes.” 


’ 


73. of wapdévres totrw ‘the defendant s witnesses,’ Il. 11, 60. 

76. Barpotro H Gyou sc. cis ENevdepiay 7H eis SovNeiay, lL 56, 
62. 

78. aeAdpevor se. of raporres rovrw. The defendant's friends, 


without accepting either alternative, simply carried him off by 
main force. 


se. els SovNeiay, i.e. “being arrested on the 151 


324 NOTES. a 
83. pr) Stu nedwm ‘to say nothing of.’ 152 


85-6. rots Bralois sc. diky Biatwv. Harpocr. s. v. Braiwy, 
bvoua dixns xara Tv Bia mparrévTwy dériotv. Demosthenes 
Pantaen. 976, classes together aixia, UBpis, Biaca, and mpds ém- 
KAnpous adikjnuata. It includes any violent conduct, whether 
accompanied by actual assault or not. See Dicty. of Ant. v. 
Biatww dixn. eévdxous . . Brators. See vii. 1. 65. 


90. wept rot cdpartos see oni. 1. 1, ‘on the question of his 
civil status.’ 


95. avtapoola part of the dvdxpors or preliminary investiga- 
tion. The sworn depositions on either side, also called diwpocia. 





98. StepaprupyOy pi TlAaraveds elvar ‘he was affirmed in the 
depositions not to be a Platean.’ Stapaptrupfa was evidence 
called in support of or against an objection raised to an dvdxpiacs. 
Here the defendant had been summoned before the Archon 
Polemarchus ; he demurred to the jurisdiction; and the 
evidence on that demur is called écauaprupia ; in the course of it 
it was asserted that he was not a Platean ; the technical word, 
therefore, dvewaprupynén, is used. 


99. émokypdapevos . . ereEiAOev ‘having brought an action 
against the witness for false evidence, he did not carry it out.’ 
Cf. Plat. Legg. 937 B. dav érioxngpOG Ta Wevd} wapruphoa (L. 
and Sc.) éwioxnyis is a name of Sky Wev8opapruptwv, and the 
prosecutor was said émixirrecba. See Dicty. Ant. s. v. 
papripea, and Demosth. 1154. 


100. dace. . "Aptorddtxov ‘he allowed Aristodicus to 
obtain a verdict against him.’ 


101-2. érrel 8& itrephpepos éyévero ‘and when he failed to pay 
the damages assessed against him on the right day.’ A fine 
was payable by the ninth Prytany (about three months) after 
its infliction, or a double amount was incurred. Andoc. Myst. 
§ 10. For the Prytany, see xi. 1. 8. éférioe . . reve ‘he 
discharged the debt on the best terms he could get.’ Ka@ére 
érev8e seems to mean, ‘as he could persuade Aristodicus to 
take the money.’ 


105. mplv . . atr@ ‘before he had made this composition 15) | 
with him.’ 


108. mavraxod paddov } OnByow ‘anywhere in the world 
rather than Thebes.’ The Thebans had been inveterate enemies 








XIII. 325 


of Platza, long before the beginning of the Peloponnesian War. 
Platea itself had been destroyed by them [B.c. 427], and was 
not restored again till about 387 B.c. If it had been restored 
when these transactions took place, Pancleon wpuld more 
naturally have gone there ; or, at any rate, the speaker would 
have taunted him with not doing so. 


ORATION XIII. [24.] 


[At Athens those persons whose yearly income was below three 
minae, and who were in any way disabled in body (dévvaro:), 
received a dole of an obol a day, subject to an examination (dox:- 
pacia) each year by the Boulé (1. 195). The amount of the dole 
seems to have varied (Harpocrat. s. v. dévvaror), but in this case 
it was an obol (1. 198). 

The speaker has been opposed on coming to pass his annual 
doxiwacia, and this speech is delivered before the Boule in support 
of his claim. 

His opponent has asserted (1) that he has a trade: (2) That 
he is known to ride on horseback and associate with rich men: 
(3) That he and his shop bear a bad character. 

He answers (1) that his trade is not sufficient to support him, 
and that he cannot afford to buy a slave to help him : (2) That he 
only rides borrowed horses, and only when he is obliged to go 
distances which his bodily infirmity will not allow of: (3) That 
what is said of his shop might be said of all others, and that he 
has no control over the eharaeters of those who frequent it. He 
ends with an appeal to the feelings of his hearers. 

There is a good deal of rough and rather coarse humour in the 
speech, which Lysias has evidently suited to the general character 
and bearing of the person who is to deliver it, whom one suspects 
of not being as innecent a person as he pretends. 

No public event, except the Revolution, is alluded to by which 
we might fix the date. 

For the whole subject of the allowance to dévvaro see Boeckh, 


p. 242 sq.] 


2. waperxevace ‘got up,’ with an idea of something not 
straightforward. See ii. 1. 122. 


_ 12. Wea xpnparev . . cvkodavre?, this is the proper mean- 
ing of cvxogayria, getting up accusations for the sake of personal 
gain. Cf. ii. 1. 140. 


14-15. otre . . adr@ ‘I never had any intercourse with him 
either as friend or foe.” éxpnodpny cf. x. 1. 111. 


326 NOTES. 


16. roatry . . cvpdopa sc. his crippled condition 
19. KaAd@s ‘in an honourable manner.’ 


20-1. eb yap . . Stolow i.e. if I were as decrepit in mind as 
I am in body, I should be exactly like my accuser. Cf. 1. 161. 


27. tov aSvvarev ‘of those whom the law regards as dis- 155. 
abled.’ 


28. rovattny wore. For Lysias’ constructions of rocodros, 
see Index. 


32. avadtoxev sc. dpyiptov ‘to be extravagant.’ 


38. matSes S€ pot ottrw . . Oeparetcovor. It is not clear 
whether he means that he has no children, or that they are not 
yet old enough to help him. 


41, rov Siadetdpevov . . krqaoacbar ‘and I cannot yet afford 
to buy a slave to learn my business and carry it on for me.’ 


46-7. A vewrépw . . Bore ‘what you granted me when I was 156) 
younger and more active.’ @ore the 2d aor. @dwy is not used in 
the singular, see Veitch. éppwpév@ (Advvuut), vi. 1. 216, seems 
here to refer to mind no less than body, Cf, 1. 122. 


51-2. dyplws drodéénoGe ‘give a rough reception to,’ ‘regard 
with anger.’ Cf. 7d rijs dtavolas dypiov Kal meixpov évtravOa dndot. 
Demosth. 1122. roAphoavres ‘by having been hard-hearted 
enough.’ Cf. ov« éré\unoav droorivat Tis nuerépas pidlas, Xvi. 
1. 159 ; and Index, 


58-60. acatpebe(ny sc. 7d dpytipiov. See infra, 1. 100; v. 1. 
671. cadhéotara pdvos dv@pdrev ‘more clearly than any one 
in the world.’ See Madvig, § 96, Rem. 3. 


61-2. xopnyds tpaywBois. See ii, 1. 209. mpokadera(unyv 
avrov els avriSocw ‘I should challenge him to an exchange 
of properties.’ For this dyridoc.s, see Dicty. of Antiq. ‘If 
any one considered that he was unjustly required to discharge 
any of the public burdens, being able to point out a person who 
had been passed over, though better able to discharge a liturgy 
than himself, he might challsties such party to an exchange of 
property, which if the latter declined, he was bound to dis- 
charge the disputed liturgy.’ Hermann, § 162. There is a 
grim humour in such a man talking of an ‘exchange of pro- 
perties.’ 





XIII. 327 


64-6. € toov ‘on an equal footing.’ ‘ototrov dvat ‘to 
behave as he does.’ Cf. 1. 178. 


68-9. immucis sc. réxv7ys, but it simply here means ‘use of 157 
horses’ or ‘riding.’ éréApnoe potuit, see on 1 51, ‘has had 
the assurance.” otre tiv tTixnv Selous ‘having no fear of 
fortune before his eyes,’ i.e. which may reduce him or any one 
else to my state. tpads aloxuv@els sc. evdvrioy iudy Aeyew. 
Dem. 1022. 


72-3. rotro diiocodeiv ‘to study this.” Demosthenes, 1181, 
uses it in a bad sense, oftw reditocédnxey Sore wh elvar twas 
dxotca: Tay cuvOnxdr, ‘he so contrived.’ os dAvmrérara pera- 
Xeptotvra: ‘shall manage with the Jeast pain to themselves.’ 


80. éf dotpaBns Gv sxotpnv. ‘I should have ridden ona 
mule-saddle,’ z.e. I should have used mules, not horses, by choice, 
if I had ridden merely to please myself ; but as it is, I have been 
obliged to ride and to put up with what I could borrow, not 
being able to afford anything myself. The derpaBn was a saddle 
for mules or asses, and mostly used by women, as the passage 
quoted from Cynatho by Athenaeus (582 8B and c) shows. One 
of Demosthenes’ taunts against Midias for his luxury and 
effeminacy was that he rode éx’ dorpdSns dpyupas ris é€ 
EvSolas (Midias, 558). Harpocration says that the word came 
to be applied to any animal used for riding. 

83. ddAXorplots, i.¢. ‘ borrowed.’ 

86-7. ti yap Gv cal Qeyey ‘for what could he have said?’ i.e. 
at such a natural thing for a cripple todo: for it was cheap in 
- comparison to horses (edreAds, Athenzus 1. e.), though beyond 


his means, which made him resort to borrowing horses. 4rn- 
pévous ‘asked as a loan.’ 


90-94. trav Svvapévev opposed to ddwdrwr. ols . . xpapar 
‘both of which (‘ horses’ and ‘two sticks’ or ‘ crutches’) I use 
for the same reason,’ i.e. because of my bodily infirmity. 


97. troootvrovs .. eis. See l. 167. 158 


99. xAnpote Ga: trav évvéa dpxdvrev ‘to draw lots for office 
as one of the nine Archons.’ The candidate was said «Anpots@at, 
and if he did so successfully he was said Xaxeiv. From the time 
of Aristides (after the battle of Platea, 479 B.c.) the archonship 
had been opened to all citizens, without distinction of wealth, and 
the Archons were appointed by drawing lots («Anpotjmevor), not 
by election (xetporovia), as before. When thus selected they 
had to stand a scrutiny (dvdxpeors), and among the qualifications 


328 NOTES. 


necessary was freedom from bodily defects, probably on account 
of the sacrifices which they had to perform. See on this subject 
Boeckh, pp. 508-9. There must, however, have been some 
practical means of preventing men wholly obscure or poor from 
drawing the lots, for we do not hear of any such men in office, 
in spite of the sarcasms of Aristophanes (Equit. 185 sq.) ; and 
in the instance of Theogenes, quoted from the Oration C. Neer. 
1369, the speaker expressly says that though poor and unversed 
in public business, he was evyev7s. 


100. épod ddedéofar. All three constructions are found with 
apatpetoOat re Tvl, or Tuvds, or Twa, asin]. 108. Clyde, § 77 b. 


102. od yap SHrov introducing an inadmissible supposition. 
See iv. 1. 48; vi. l. 349. 


104-7. adda yap .. ed mov. ‘But the fact is—neither do 
you entertain the same opinion as my opponent, nor does he in 
his better moments,’ or, ‘if he did what was right.’ Cf. xiv. 1. 
56, xvi. 132. But the expression is doubtful, and probably 
corrupt. Reiske would translate it ‘and quite right too,’ in quo 
recte facit. 6 pev yap Gowep . . tke ‘for he is come here to 
argue as though my misfortune were an inheritance,’ ¢.e. as 
though my misfortune brought me money. émlxAnpos in legal 
language is an ‘heiress.’ 


112-13. tBpiorfs. See ii. 1. 87. It has generally a sense of 
lewdness attached to it. See Paley and Sandys on Dem. Pant. 
§ 33. doedyas ‘licentiously,’ we find it joined with Secrortkas, 
TOAUTEAGS, MpoTeTas, Tapavduws. 


113-15. @owep eb hoBepds . . moifowv. ‘As though he 
could only speak the truth if he used terrible words, and 
could not do so if he used only mild words and abstained from 
exaggeration’ (undé Wevdnrar), i.e. as though violent abuse was 
the only way of fully expressing my wickedness. Tatra 
Toujowy sc. ddnOA déEwv. eb hoBepGs dvopdoar ‘if he should 
use terrifying language ;’ cf. Demosth. de Cor. 237, udda ceuvas 
dvoud fur. 


120-2. tOv dvayxatwy ‘bare necessaries. pdduora mored- 159 
ovTes . . Popats equiv. to éspwudvos, 1. 47. 


118-135. This whole passage is an example of the antithetical 
style of composition, in which Lysias happily indulged much 
less frequently than, for instance, Isocrates, who employed it to 
a wearisome extent. Every clause contains a regularly balanced 
antithesis :—tevopévots . . Tois. . wAelw Tdv dvayKalwy KeKTT- 








XIII. 329 


s'—dSuvdrous . . TirrevovTas popais Tovs*—mpoPeBn- 
Kétas TY HAuKkla . . Tods ert véous'—mAovoto . . mévyntes, and 
soon. Cf. vi. lL. 186. 


124. véats is predicative, ‘with their thoughts still youthful.’ 
It is used in the sense noticed in veaycevecdar, iv. 1. 192. 


129-130. rots 8 érépois, ic. ‘the old.’ dpddrepor ‘both 
young and old.’ 


133-4. tods trdptavras qui ultro ledunt ‘those who 
give the provocation.’ otre iBplfev . . adicoupévey ‘nor, if 
they wish to be guilty of violence, can they get the better of 
their intended victims.’ 


136-9. oov8dfwv ‘in earnest.’ domep . . movdv ‘as though 
he were perpetrating a capital joke.’ zov has its sense from 
kwumdeiy, ‘composing’ as a comic writer would. 


140-3. Probably the insinuation had been that gambling 160 
went on at his shop. ; 


147-50. Snprovpyods men carrying on a trade or profession 
as opposed to lira. tkaoros . . Toxy. See on xii. 1. 15. 


150-1. rods . . kareckevacpévous ‘who reside quite close to 
the Agora,’ x. 1. 376. The Agora was surrounded by faberne or 
shops, and they were naturally more filled by the loungers in 
the Agora than others more remote. For the daily visit to the 
Agora, which was a usual habit of the Athenian, see Becker, 
Charicles, p. 278. Katerxevacpévovs ‘in a permanent abode,’ 
‘set up.’ Cf. xareoxevacpa réxvnv pupeyixjy, Lys. fr. 2. 


153. wovnplav . . trav x... Goodwin, § 173, 2, note, ‘if 
any one of you shall condemn those who frequented my shop for 
wickedness.’ 


156-7, Gpot yé mov ‘to some shop or other.’ dyuod is the 
locative of an obsolete adjective, duds = els. Curtius, 322. 


161-2. wepl trav . . omovddteav ‘to talk earnestly about 
things as trifling as is the character of my opponent,’ a gibe 
like that in 1. 20. 


164-6. 06 pévov . . pe ‘the part or lot in my country which 161 
fortune has allowed me,’ sc. the dole. His infirmity pre- 
vents him from taking part in any of the ordinary functions 


330 NOTES. 


of a citizen. The only thing he gets from his citizenship is an 
obol a day. 


167. wavres . . eis Sy. The same antithesis is in 1. 97. 
168-9. Ttav peylorwv apxav z.¢c. the archonship, see 1. 99. 


175-6. mpovonPeioa Ttav otrws SiaKkepévov ‘in its charitable 
consideration for men thus situated.’ 


178. rovotrwy ‘in such a disposition.’ Cf. 1. 65. 


181-4. Tohumpaypov ‘a busybody.’ GAN od rotatrats . . 
Xpopevos ‘but I do not happen to use such means for such 
ends.’ A rather pompous way of saying that he is not the sort 
of person he is alleged to be. deopp} ‘means of starting.’ 


187-9. él . . tTprdkovra at the time of the Thirty. See v. 
and vi. Xadk(Sa Chaleis in Euboea, to which place some 
of the Democratic party fled in the winter of B.C. 404, while 
others went to Megara, Thebes, and elsewhere. See Appendix. 


194. rats dAdats BovAats i.c. the senates of former years, as 1 
the Boulé was elected new every year. xi. 1.67. It seems that 
the receiver of the dole had to be examined each year by the 
existing Boule. 


197. ed@ivas see iii. 1. 61. 


202-3. radv dpolwv . . meprylver Oat ‘to try to get the better 
of men as strong as himself.’ 


ORATION XIV. [28.] 


[This speech, in itself not a feeble one, is made the more inter- 
esting by introducing us to the closing scene in the life of Thrasy- 
bulus, the preserver of the Democracy et Athens, and the hero of 
Phylé and the Peirzus. 

In B.c. 390 [year of Demostratus, B.c. 390-389], a squadron of 
ten ships sent to the assistance of Evagoras was captured by the 
Spartan Teleutias. The Athenians were much moved by this, 
looking on it as ‘a sign that Sparta was recovering her naval 
superiority and influence in the Agean. The State was very poor, 
but great exertions were made, and a fleet of forty triremes 
despatched under Thrasybulus (the speaker seems to insinuate 
that it was at his instance also, 1. 24), with general orders to 











xIV. 331 


secure Athenian ascendency in Asia Minor and the islands, 
especially in Rhodes. 

Thrasybulus, however, did not go to Rhodes first, but sailed 
straight to the Hellespont. Here he seems to have spent the 
remainder of the year, employed in collecting money from the 
Greek cities of Thrace, and in reconciling to each other and to 
Athens the two Thracian princes, Medokus and Seuthes. 

While there the order came out from home, —the people having 
become impatient, and no doubt exaggerated reports having been 
sent home, —that he should return with a schedule of the money he 
had received, and with his colleagues submit to an audit (e¢@vvat). 

Ergocles advised him to disobey this order. And he at any rate 
did not obey it at once. He (probably early in B.c. 389) seized 
Byzantium ; secured a sum of money by selling the contract for col- 
lecting the tolls of ships out of the Pontus ; thence crossed to Lesbos 
and gained considerable successes there over the Spartan harmost 
and troops; and thence deliberately coasted along the shores of 
Asia Minor, collecting money from the various States as he went, 
until he came to the mouth of the river Eurymedon in Pamphylia. 
Sixty stades (about twelve miles) up this river was the town of 
Aspendus, an Argive colony, of considerable wealth ; here Thrasy- 
bulus made the usual demand of ¢épos, and obtained it. His 
soldiers, however, seem to have committed some depredations, 
which so enraged the Aspendians, that they attacked the Athenians 
in the night, and killed, among others, Thrasybulus himself in his 
tent. 

When the news of this arrived at Athens they elected Agyrrius 
to succeed Thrasybulus as Strategus, and sent him to fetch home 
the ships (éwi ras vais). There came home a ‘ beggarly account’ 
of worn-out vessels ; and the usual vengeance of the disappointed 
Demus fell upon the surviving commanders. Among others 
Ergocles was impeached ; the people voted that he should be tried 
before the Boulé, and elected public prosecutors (curiyyopo) to 
conduct the prosecution. This is a speech of one of these cuv7pyopor. 

The evidence of the crimes committed had been spoken to by 
others. The present speech is devoted to a passionate appeal for his 
punishment. To aggravate the feelings of his hearers against 
Ergocles, he enlarges on the disappointment of the hopes enter- 
tained at the starting of the expedition,—on the ill advice given by 
Ergocles to Thrasybulus,—on the wealth that he and his colleagues 
have acquired without adding to that of the State,—on the scandal 
that will fall upon the State if they are acquitted. Nor are his 
(Ergocles’) former acts of patriotism, he argues, sufficient to secure 
his forgiveness. Whatever merit he once had has been more than 
counterbalanced by his treason and extortion. [See Xenoph. 
Hell. 4, 8, 25-31. Diodor. xiv. 99.] 


332 NOTES. 


The date is probably the autumn of B.c. 389. The result, we 
learn from the speech of Lysias against Philocrates, § 2, was the 
condemnation to death of Ergocles, and the confiscation of his 
goods. Though from the mention of Demosthenes (Fals. Leg. 398) 
of Ergocles having been heavily mulcted, without referring to his 
death, it seems possible that he avoided in some way the extreme 


penalty. ] 


6. mpofévovs ‘to the class of lcoredeis belonged the zpé- 
fevo., whom the State appointed in foreign stations to watch 
over the interests of its citizens, giving them in turn, besides 
the rights of public guests, all the privileges which a stranger 
could possess in Athens.” Demosthenes (Lept. § 49) classes 
together evepyeclav mpoteviay dredelay amrdvrwy. Hermann, § 
116. mpodddwxads datverar ‘he has evidently betrayed.’ . ii. 1. 
119. 


9. avrots 7.c. Ergocles and his colleagues. | 
11. karadvopévas ‘dispersing.’ Cf. Dem. 1188, duicdov 7d 163 
| 


oTparevya Katadédvo bat. 
17. elodopais ‘war taxes.’ ii. 1. 209. 


19. otkwv ‘estates.’ See infra, 1. 101; x. 1. 304. ‘Even 
when your private property and the public revenues were large.’ 
The mpdcod0 would include all incomings to the Exchequer, a 
list of which is given in Arist. Vesp. 656 sq., and the amount 
then reckoned as nearly 2000 talents (about £480,000). The 
Vespe was represented in B.c. 423; but since that time the 
State had lost much of the @édpos from the islands and towns, 
and we have heard already of the poverty of the Exchequer. 
x. 1. 66. See also Jowett’s Thucyd. vol. ii. p. 30 sg. 


23-4. e& ipiv OpartBovdos x.7.A. ‘if Thrasybulus had stated 
definitely to you that he was going to sail out,’ etc. The ex- 
pee was sent in B.c. 390, on account of the loss of ten ships 

estroyed by the Spartan Teleutias while on their way to 
Evagoras [Xen. Hell. 4, 8, 24]. The speaker chooses to describe 
the expedition of Thrasybulus (the hero of Phyle, see v. Introd. ) 
as disastrous, but it was in fact a successful one. He sailed to 
the Hellespont, and secured the friendship of the king of the 
Odrysi and. of Seuthes to Athens, as a means of winning the 
Greek cities on the coast of Thrace. He then sailed to Byzan- 
tium, sold the contract for the collection of the tolls paid by 
ships going out of the Pontus, and brought about a revolution 
from an Oligarchy to Democracy in Byzantium itself. Then he 
sailed to Lesbos, where he defeated and killed the Spartan 





XIV. 333 


harmost, Therimachus ; and thereupon obtained the submission 
of most of the towns, plundering those that refused ; then, col- 
lecting money from various other towns (dpyvpodcyéy), he 
anchored in the Eurymedon. Here he stayed in the town 
Aspendus, and demanded and obtained a contribution ; but his 
soldiers appear to have misbehaved themselves, and the people 
of Aspendus in revenge made a night attack upon him, and 
killed him in his tent. [Xen. Hell. 4, 8, 25-30.] Ergocles 
accompanied him on the expedition, but came back safe. 


32-5. GdAws re xal dread x.r.X. ‘especially as directly you 164 
passed a vote that he was to make a schedule of the money 
taken from the cities, and that his fellow-commanders were to 
sail home to stand their audit, Ergocles said,’ ete. The decree 
seems to have been passed some time after the expedition had 
started,—probably on complaints reaching Athens of his 
demands enforced on the cities, and to have reached Thrasy- 
bulus before he had arrived at Byzantium. xarawddy ‘to 
sail home.’ Cf. carépxopas, cartéva. 


36. tév dpxatwy vénew ‘the old laws’ were the laws regu- 
lating this collection of the ¢épes when it was peacefully and 
regularly collected ; that is, from the Confederacy of Delos, nc. 
478, until the general or widely spread revolt of these islands 
and towns during the Peloponnesian war. Ergocles seems to 
have argued that they are in a state of war now, engaged in 
getting back the allegiance of revolted vassals, and everywhere 
opposed by their bitter enemies, the Spartans, and that the old 
laws do not hold good. Besides, after the Restoration, a review 
of the laws had been held, and fifty commissioners (rouoféra:) 
were elected to draw them up, and, when they had been sanc- 
tioned by the Boule, to write them out upon savides and e 
them to view. See xv. The dpyato: youo may refer to the 
laws as they existed before this revision. Andoc. 1. § 80-4. 
Or, again, he may refer to a change made at the time of the 
Spartan occupation of Decelea, whereby the ¢épes was com- 
muted to a five per cent duty on the exports and imports of the 
subject States collected at their harbours. Thucyd. 7, 28, 4. 


38. Tas vats txav ‘to hold, or keep, the ships as a pledge 
of safety.’ So in Dem. 886, rip uév vaiy of éxi 15 vi Sedavecxbres 
evbévie etOéws eixov, Tov 62 ctrov 6 tryopaxws elyer. 


41. émBovdevovras . . xabijorGas ‘to sit idly at home plotting 
against you.’ Demosth. Olynth. B. 24, cafjucOa obdéy rowotv- 
res. Even if this speech was made by Ergocles, it does not show 
disloyalty so much as the feeling which ‘Our Special Cor- 


334 NOTES. 


respondent’ must have often roused in any commander engaged 
on active service. 


43. évérdnvro. Veitch objects to this word on the ground 
that it is not a prose form. Prose writers, he argues, used 
éverAjoOn, -Oncoay. On the other hand, Cobet and others sup- 
port évérdnvro by Arist. Vespe. 911, 1804. See also Ruther- 
ford, New Phrynichus, p. 63, who supports Cobet’s emendation 
évérAnvto for éverérdnvro. Aristoph. 1. c. evOds yap ws évér- 
Anvro ToAAGy KayaGv ‘as soon as they were gorged.’ 


44, dmé\avoav ‘enjoyed a taste of,’ with an idea of dis- 
honesty. [Rt. AaF, \d-w, dro-Aav-w, Ne-la, An-t-(5)-s, An-t-f-0-mac. 
Lat. lé-cru-m, Lav-er-na (goddess of thieves). Curtius, 365.] 
GAdortplovs ‘aliens,’ as though they no longer owed any allegi- 
ance to the State. 


48-9, xwpla ‘fortified places.’ Thucyd. 1, 12, 5. éAvyapxtav 
Ka@tioravar we have seen (note on 1. 23) that as a matter of fact 
Thrasybulus put down the Oligarchy in Byzantium. 


54, apds rotrous ‘towards such men.’ 


56-7. Kaas érrolnoev . . Blow ‘did well to die as he did,’ 7.e. 
happily for himself, or he would have been arraigned on the 
same charge. 


59-60. 48y TL. . merounkévae ‘after his former good services,’ 16! 
as in xi. 898. There is no suggestion in doxotvra of appearance 
as opposed to reality : doxodvra memounxévar seems to be only a 
convenient periphrasis for remoinkéra. 


60-1. GAAG . . arradAayfivar ‘but to be quits with the city 
in the way he was.’ There is more than mere departure implied 
in draddayfva. Cf. i. 1. 28, and other examples in L. and Se. 





61-6. Sia rhy mpdSqnv exxAnolav ‘on account of the proceed- 
ings in the assembly the day before yesterday,’ in which 
apparently the prosecution had been decided upon, and the 
public prosecutors (cvvjyopor) appointed. See Hermann, § 133. 
mponv an adverb = either ‘the day before yesterday,’ or 
‘lately ;’ it seems originally to have been fem. accusative 
mpwtyv, sc. Spay. Curtius, 284-5. dvoupévous k.7.A. ‘but try- 
ing to purchase their lives from the orators (¢.e. the public 
prosecutors), and from their private enemies and the Prytanes, 
and trying to corrupt many citizens with money.’ For the 
Prytanes, see xi. 1. 8 If the Boulé wished to impose a 
greater punishment than a fine of 500 drachmex, they would 
have to bring it before the Ecclesia, and in this case this was 





ALY: 335 


actually done [see Lys. in Philocr. § 7, "Epyoxéous . . Odvarov 
Kkarexetpotovyioate]. The Prytanes would have to put the 
question to the Ecclesia, and might be induced to refuse to do 
so. See the case of Socrates on the trial of the Generals after 
Arginuse [Xen. Hell. 1, 7, 14, 15]. 


66-7. tmp dv. . AaBotor ‘from which imputation (of being 
bribed) you ought to purge yourselves by punishing this man.’ 
The aorist dro\oyjcacda is properly applied to a single act 
which in itself would be a defence. 


72-3. «plverat ‘is on its trial.” The city is on its trial 
because it remains to be seen whether it will adopt such lawless 
proceedings towards its allies. ots Gpxovot . . tperépors 
‘your officers,’ put generally for all holders of offices; here 


especially military commanders (xv. 1. 35). 
75-6. To aire tpdrw . . wep, i.e. by bribes. 
77. @& rocatry aropia, supra, 1. 19; x. 1. 66. 


80-3. otros . . wapadi8wor . . Kadlornot ‘this is just the 
sort of man to betray your walls and ships to the enemy, and 
set up an oligarchy.’ otros cf. 1. 54. mwapackevfjs ‘suborna- 
tion.’ See on ii. L. 122. 


86. tis Totvrwv tipwplas ‘than the punishment of such 
criminals.’ totrwv men who are guilty of this particular crime. 
Supra, |. 54, 80. 


88. ‘AXtxapvaccot. Professor Jebb (Attic Orators, i. p. 166 
222) observes than Xenophon does not name Halicarnassus, but 
only says that Thrasybulus collected money (7ryvpodéyet) from 
several of the States as he coasted along. [Hell. 4, 8, 30.] 


90. os ard Pudfis «7. i.c. he will appeal to his services to 
the Democracy, as being one of those who in the Revolution 
took part with Thrasybulus in restoring the Democracy. See 
Appendix, ‘The Thirty.’ For Phyle, see p. 231. 

97-8. ob rovnpots . . imddoyov ‘I am far from saying that 
they are bad citizens, or that the exile of the party may not 
fairly be taken into account.’ wtmédoyer properly belongs to 


accounts, vi. 1. 643. Demosth. 959, détoivres undév’ brddoyov 
elvas el more x.T.X. 


101. otkovs ‘estates.’ Supra, 1. 19. 
103. éri rotr’ ‘for this very purpose.’ The nominal purpose 


336 NOTES. 


of the appointment of the Thirty was to draw up a code of laws 
(of rods marplovs véuous ovyypdwovo. Xen. Hell. 2, 3, 2). 
Diodorus says (14, 18), apydgfovres uév TH Abyw TUpavvac Se Tots 
Tpaybacw, 


104. towjoeav. See on vill. 1. 46. 


106-7. mwoujrwow. See on v. 1. 309; viii. ]. 40. 1d eri l 
Tovrots etvat ‘as far as they are concerned.’ Goodwin, § 268. 


111-15. Stay yap hynowpeba ‘for just when we have made 
up our minds.’ See i. 1. 28, on aor. subj. owrnplas davretAn- 
dévat ‘that we have really laid hold on a means of security,’ 7.¢. 
. ae we are really safe.’ S8voruxryoact, ze. ‘if once unsuc- 
cessful.’ 


125-6. ov8eplav . . trjpnvrar. ‘They will not thank you, 
but the money they have spent in bribes and the money which 
they have embezzled.’ ots for & by attraction, see iv. l. 213. 
ipypyvrat with middle sense. See ii. 1. 72. 


128, éxelvows sc. xpjuact. 
130-1. av. . AGByre ‘if you shall have exacted’ (i. 1. 28). 


ORATION XV. [30.] 


[This speech is on the prosecution of one Nicomachus for not 
having given an account of his office (dix dXoylov). Itis a public 
suit (ypagp7), and as such the preliminary investigation had been 
before the Boulé (1. 57), which had sent the case to be tried before 
a court presided over by the Logiste. 

Nicomachus had in B.c. 411 been appointed one of the com- 
missioners (vouodérac) to draw up (avaypaddew) a revised copy of 
the laws of Solon; the reason being partly the destruction of 
some of the tablets which always took place in a revolution,— 
partly the feeling that certain changes were necessary, though the 
speaker wishes to infer that any change was beyond the letter of 
the defendant’s commission (l. 15). This commission is briefly 
alluded to in Thucyd. 8, 97, 2; and an inscription still exists 
of a decree ordering the law of Draco as to murder to be put up 
on the Stoa Basileios [Hicks’s Handbook of Greek Inscriptions, p. 
112]: this is dated B.c. 409 (the year of Diocles). The commis- 
sioners were to do their work in four months. But Nicomachus 
held his office for six years. 

Again, in B.c. 403, a new commission of 500 Nomothete was 


SE MRE MORN» Te 


XV. 337 


appointed for the same purpose after the Restoration [Andoc. 
Myst. 83-4], and Nicomachus was again one of them. He could 
have done his work, which this time seems to have been that part 
of the laws which referred to religious rites, in thirty days, but 
he took four years. At the end of that time, as he had given no 
account of his office, he is impeached by several persons, of whom 
the speaker is one. 

The logistee who presided at the trial were ten officers whose 
duties coincided closely with those of the Euthuni, and who were 
in intimate connection with them: see Andoc. Myst. § 78, dcwr 
edOuvvai twés eict KaTtayvwopéva év Trois AoyioTnpios brs Tor 
evbivev } ray rapéSpwv. Boeckh, p. 189 sq. 

The facts of the case are not denied, as far as the length of time 
occupied by the defendant is concerned; and evidence is only 
offered as to the manner in which he performed his task. The 
speech is partly taken up in enhancing the enormity of his offence ; 
and partly in anticipating a recrimination on the part of Nico- 
machus to the effect that the speaker was one of the Four Hundred 
(which he denies) ; and that he had shown impiety in objecting 
to the increased expenditure on sacrifices (which he endeavours to 
disprove) ; and partly in enlarging on the servile origin of Nico- 
machus, whose father was a dyudcvos, ‘a public slave,’ though he 
was himself a citizen, having been enrolled probably in his 
maternal grandfather’s phratria. 

The date from 1. 32 probably is 399-8 B.c., no allusion occur- 
ring to point to a later time. 

To more fully understand the speech the student would do wel! 
to read attentively Mr. Grote’s Sixty-Sixth Chapter ; also Professor 
Jebb’s Introduction and Analysis (Attic Or. vol. i. p. 224 sq.) Ando- 
cides, Myst. § 73-98, throws much light on the events of this time ; 
and an interesting inscription, with instructive notes, bearing on our 
subject will be found in Mr. Hicks’ Greek Inscriptions, p. 112.] 


6. éav . . wemrownxéres ‘if they can show that they have done 169 
any service to the State.’ ii. 1. 119. 


8. wdAat rrovnpovs Svras ‘ were base all the while.’ 


10. Snpdoros ‘a public slave.’ The Snudotoc were purchased 
by the State to be employed as police, and in other subordinate 
State duties. [They are called also réforac and Exvdac because 
many of them came from Scythia, Aristoph. Thesm. 1002, 
1116.] See Boeckh, p. 207. He begins with stating the 
servile origin of Nicomachus as the bitterest form of reproach, 
see vi. 1. 449. ola . . érerfSevee ‘ what sort of life he led as a 
young man.’ 

Z 


338 NOTES. 


ll. kal 80a. . eoqxOy ‘and how old he was when he 
was enrolled in his phratria.’ The citizens were divided in 
twelve ppdrpiat, z.e. three for each of the four original tribes,— 
a number still kept up when the number of the tribes no longer 
corresponded. Every child born of parents who were citizens 
(or, after the time of Pericles, of a mother who was a citizen) was 
enrolled probably in his first year in the register of his mother’s 
or grandfather’s phratria. This process was described by the 
verb eiodyew, Arist. Av. 1669, 45n o° 6 marip eiotyyay és Tods 
gparopas. The point of this passage is the hint that he had not 
been enrolled at the usual early age, because his father, being a 
slave, could not get him enrolled. Thus Aristophanes, wishing 
to jeer at Archedemus as an alien, says of him, és érrérns dv 
ovx épuce Ppdropas, ‘though he is seven years old he has not 
got any phratores yet’—which the Schol. explains as a pun on 
gpacripas ‘wisdom teeth’ (Ran. 417). The phratria might 
refuse to receive a name, on the ground of the child being vééos, 


or not a true-born Athenian ; but when once the name was . 


registered, it could not be removed without an action at law. 
The law was made more strict as to those born after B.c. 403, for 
both parents then had to be citizens. Grote, vol. viii. p. 110. 
Dem. 1307. 


13. dvaypadets ‘copyist.’ The title of these commissioners 
was vouobérat, but the decree [in B.c. 403] describes them as 
dvaypdpovres (vduous) ev caviot, Andoc. de Myst. § 83. See 
also Hicks’ Greek Inscriptions, p. 112, where they are called 
avaypapjs. 


14-22. mpoorayxPiv x.r.A. ‘whereas he was ordered to copy 
out the laws within four months.’ This refers to the first 
appointment of vouoférac immediately after the deposition of 
the Four Hundred, briefly noticed by Thucydides, 8, 97, 2, 
vouobéras kat TéAXa évydlcavro els Thy TodiTelay. mporrax ey 
accus. abs. That such a law reform was set on foot immediately 
after both Revolutions was owing perhaps partly to some de- 
structive decrees during the Revolutions ; but it also seems to 
show that in both cases a general feeling existed that some 
changes were needed. évéypade ‘wrote on the orfdau,’ 1. 39. 
Terapredpea Tods vdpous ‘we have had the laws dealt out to us 
as though by a steward.’ For construction of passive verbs 
with descriptive accusative, see Clyde, § 79. of dvriSixor ‘the 
plaintiffs and defendants,’ see ii. 1. 89. évawrlovs sc. vduous. 
For mape(xovro ‘put in’ or ‘quoted on their side,’ see xi.1. 44. 


24. ‘And though the Archons inflicted summary fines on 
him, and brought his case before the court, he would not hand 





FOL DE eS 


{ 


t. 


NS ILO FI, 


ee ae 


ee ae 





GTN Arar we 


AN 339 


over the laws.’ émBodds fines inflicted by a magistrate with- 
out the case being referred to a court, iii. 1. 64. doaydvrev 
the magistrate before whom the original investigation was held, 
if he thought there was a case for a jury, was said eicdyew riv 
Sixny eis 7d SixacrHpov, see vi. 1. 472. 


28. ed@ivas iii. 1. 61. 


30-2. kal viv ‘in the present case also,’ z.e, in this second 
commission on which he was appointed in B.c. 403. karte- 
orjeato ‘made for himself.’ térrapa ern dvéypapev ‘was 
dvarypageds for four years.’ The aorist is used because, though 
the copying was a continued action, the holding the office was 
a aiicle one ; so you would say éfacinreuce 7. €., not éBacidever, 
if referring merely to the fact of a man having been king. 


33. Stwpirpévov e dv ‘though it had been defined from what 
documents he was to copy.’ <Accus. abs. é{ dy refers to the 
KbpBes, 1. 133. 


35-6. kal roratra . . @wxev ‘and though he had the man- 170 


agement of so much, he was the only official who gave no ac- 
count of his office.’ aptivrwv used generally of all offices, see 
xiv. 1. 72. 


37. Kara mpvtavelav Adyov dvadépover. ‘Give in an account 
of their office every Prytany,’ i.e. every month [see xi. l. 8]. 
A passage from Pollux (8, 9, 87) is quoted by Bremi and 
others, to the effect that it was ‘the duty of the Archons to 
ask whether every officer was carrying on his office well.’ But 
it seems certain that the ei@vva: was only at the end of an office, 
within thirty days (Harpocrat. s. v. Noyorai). The explana- 
tion may be this: the speaker regards Nicomachus as one of 
the inferior officers, some of whom (e.g. the ypauuarevs) changed 
each month with the Prytaneis. He may mean, ‘ Other under- 
lings have to give in their accounts every month; you take 
greater privileges even than an Archon, who has to give his 
accounts at the end of his year.’ 


_ 39. éyypadapar sc. Néyor ‘to enter his account’ ; or, as in]. 19, 
it may mean to write the laws on the or7Aau. 


44-5. vopltes . . dv ‘you think the property of the State 
yours, while all the time you are the property of the State 
yourself’ (1. 10). Nicomachus was not really dnudcros, as he 
had been entered on the register of the Phratores, and was 
therefore a citizen (1. 11). It is a rhetorical flourish reflecting 


on his birth. 


47. mpoyévwv. See on vi. |. 124. 


340 NOTES. 


49, évds Exdorrov ‘each separate offence,’ viz. the two occa- 
gions on which he has failed to do his work in time; his not ~ 
presenting any accounts ; and his several alterations of the laws ~ 
beyond his instructions. 






55-6. omdrav . . pt Sdvepar ‘when (and only when) I fail,’ 17 
etc. f 


57. Garep év tH Povdg. The dvdxpiocs had been before the 
Boulé, as the charge was on public affairs (ypagn). xi. 1. 20. 


58-64. t&v rerpaxorlwy . . mevrakioxidlwv. See. v. 1. 295. ; 


65-70. ‘And it appears to me to be a strange thing that if I 
had in a private suit thus plainly convicted him, he would not 
even himself have expected to get off on such a defence ; yet in 
asuit affecting the State he shall think to escape by accusing me.’ 


75-9. Trovottwv .. oltives .. hac ‘against such men as 
are capable of saying.’ For trovovtwv with relative, see Index. 
For ottwes, see i. 1. 30. 


78. &trodopévav Tav vedv, i.c. at Lgospotami, see vi. 1. 33. 
érparrero ‘was being brought about.’ 


79. KXeopav see on vi. 1. 55. ovveordvar ‘that it was 
conspiring,’ z.¢. with the Oligarchical party ; see vi. 1. 135, on 
the character of the then Boule. 


81. Kydictets ‘of the deme Cephisia,’ a deme of the tribe 1 
Erectheis. BovdAedwv ‘ being then a member of the Boule.’ 


SEN AE elt wi Ei eR a aa 


AT oe 


v3 


ie 


82. Siukacrnp{w we learn from vi. § 12, that the charge 
trumped up against Cleophon was some trifling breach of 
military discipline. 


KM ihn ty 


85. Nexopax(8ynv Why he should be called Nixouaxidns here, 
and Nixéuaxos in |. 97, there seems no certain reason produ- 
cible. Perhaps the use of the patronymic may be either a more © 
formal way of speaking of a man engaged in high functions, or 
it may be used sarcastically, ‘this son of Nicomachus’ (a slave). 
Rauchenstein compares the use of Evfoudléns for E’Souros. See — 
x. 1. 189. Harpocration quotes the speech as xard Nixouaxidov 
apparently ; see Appendix IV., where also Pidwvidns seems to 
stand for Pirwy. 


Se nie aa 


86-7. ovvducdtev ‘to be assessors,’ ze. to sit in the court 
with the Dicasts, and vote with them. As the Boulé was just 
then almost entirely oligarchical (vi. 1. 135), this meant certain 
condemnation for Cleophon, ovverractacey ‘joined this re- 
volutionary plot.’ 








: XV. 341 


93. Ldrvpos xal Xpépov of rav tpidxovra yevopevor ‘ Satyrus 
and Chremon, who were members of the Thirty.’ Chremon’s 
name appears in the list of the Thirty given by Xenophon 
{Hell. 2, 3, 1, 2], but not Satyrus; he was, however, one of 
the Eleven who acted under the Thirty (70d @pacurdrov aitay 
kai dvaidecrdrov. Xen. Hell. 2, 3, 54). 


103. kata ordow ‘on purely party grounds.” Xenophon, in 
the ouly place in which he mentions Cleophon, uses this word 
(Hell. 1, 7, 40), dorepoy 5¢ ordcews Tivos yevouévns & 7 
KnyXcopGv awé@ave x.7.2. 


104. div . . wpds ratra aodoyfrar. ‘If he shall defend 
himself on these grounds.’ 


106. év @ ‘in virtue of which’ or ‘under cover of which,’ 
because the law enabled the Boulé to get rid, under legal forms, 
of the leaders of the Democratic party. 


108. ratbrnv rhv BovdAny ‘the then existing Boule.’ See on 173 
i L 66. 


xL 


110. xns resisted the hard terms of surrender sent 
from Sparta by Theramenes (vi. L 85). He apparently was 
t rid of by means of Agoratus’ informations (vi. § 17-19). 
145s we do not find mentioned elsewhere, but he doubtless 

fell in the same way as Strombichides. 


117-21. én ‘that he was an exile,’ ze. under the 
Thirty. tovs amo8avévras for example Theramenes. ov 
peracxévras Tis wokwrelas. Only 3000 besides the Thirty 
were even professedly possessed of wodkireia. Gore. . yevérPar 
‘so that he can have no credit for this.’ tmédoyov is here a 
substantive, not adj. as in xiv. 1. 98. Demosth. (?) 799, eé 
cea TouTwy wrddoyov moetrac ‘if he takes no account of 
these.’ 


122. cvveBddero ‘contributed.’ Demosth. de Cor. 1122, 76 
Tammore eionveyKas F tive cup 8éBrnoal rw ; cf. xvi. 1. 207. 


128. & pay vopous érifnv ‘if I had a hand in making the 
law’ (1. 238). 


129. tis avaypadijs ‘the copying of the laws,’ for which 174 
Nicomachus had been appointed a commissioner. 


130. tots Kowots Kal Kepévors sc. vouos. The argument 
seems to be :—He might have had some excuse for accusing me 
of innovation if I had had anything to do with his copying 


342 NOTES. 


commission ; but as a matter of fact (viv 6) I only ask him to 
submit to established laws,—which are xowol, z.e. open to every 
one,—whereas his new laws are his own creations, and not 
universally known even. 


133-4. tas é« tOv KipBewv Kal tv oTndAdv ‘those orders in 
the tablets and pillars.’ See on iv. 1 103. In the second 
revising commission of 403 B.c., Nicomachus had to deal 
especially with the laws concerning religion, Seel. 25. R.C. 
Jebb. Att. Or. i. p. 225, note 3. kata Tas ovyypaddas ‘ accord- 
ing to the agreement,’ z.e. made between the city party and the 
party of Peireus. This agreement is perhaps embodied in the 
Psephisma given by Andoc. Myst. § 83-4; in which, as an 
interim arrangement subject to the reforms of the revisers, it is 
ordered rroduréver Oar’ AOnvatous kata Ta TWaTpLia, vouors OE xpjoPar 
Trois LdAwvos . . olomwep éxpwpeba év TH mpdcbev xpovw. Rauchen- 
stein objects—(1) That no such written agreement was made, 
and that the reconciliation then brought about was spoken of as 
cvvOjKat, Guoroyla or StadrAayal ; (2) That cvyypagy is not the 
word usually employed for a treaty (Staatsveitrag), but more 
properly belongs to private contracts. He therefore concludes 
that the cvyypapai were the contracts with those who under- 
took to supply beasts for the sacrifices and the feasts. But in 
reply it may be urged that no evidence of these cvyypagal 
exists; that he himself quotes an instance of the use of 
ovyypagy for a ‘ public agreement in writing’ (Thucyd. v. 35) ; 
and that as the question is one of legal observance of religious 
rites, the mention of such a contract seems singularly in- 
appropriate. 


137-8. ot ra . . vow ‘who performed the sacrifices ordered 
by the tablets, and them only,’ i.e. those who lived before your 
revision. 


149. Samavav ‘to pay for.’ Cf. Andoc. contra Alcib. § 42, 


Ta TpocTaTTéueva Oarave . . amd tov ldiwy. 


151. dvaypdWas . . mporraxSéytTwv ‘for having in your 
“copy ” of the laws entered a larger number of sacrifices than 
were ordered before.’ 


154-6. avrixa ‘for example.’ Sce x. 1. 298. mépuvow. . 
yeypappévov ‘last year there were sacrifices omitted to the 
value of three talents of those entered on the tablets as due.’ 
tpiav tahdavrwv gen. of price or value. 


158, wrelw . . & radrdvrois ‘more by six talents.’ His 
allegation seems to be that the sacrifices, according to the new 





XV. 343 


‘Revision,’ amounted to nine talents, whereas those ordered by 
the unrevised tablets would have cost only three. As it was, 
these immemorial rites were omitted, and a loss inflicted on the 
State at the same time. The speaker had proposed to revert to 
the unrevised tablets, which proposal Nicomachus had made a 
ground of accusation against him, as though he detracted from 
religious ordinances. 


160. v aepteyévero there would have been a balance of three 175 

talents in favour of the State. But it should be six talents. 
He says the original sacrifices ordered by Solon’s laws were to 
cost three talents, and those by Nicomachus’ revision were six 
talents in excess (cf. 1. 170); therefore the saving to the State 
by reverting to the old arrangement would be six not three 
talents. The symbol for six, s’, may have been mistaken for 
7’, three. Boeckh, p. 212. Grote, ch. 66. 


163. tas ovyypadas 1. 134. 


166-68. obros & tepdovdos ‘this sacrilegious fellow.’ ds 
etoéBaav . . avéypae ‘that the principle of his revision was 
piety, not cheapness.’ kald .. KeAevear ‘and if you do not 
like them he bids you have them obliterated.’ For the control 
to be exercised over this revision, see Grote, vol. viii. p. 98. 
Andoc. Myst. 8, 5. They had to be approved by the Boulé 
and the 500 Nomothetz, and every private citizen was to have 
the power of entering the Boulé and giving his opinion for or 
against them. 


174-7. Aaxdapovlous . . xpfhpara. The money which the 
Lacedemonians were demanding was the loan made to the 
Thirty by the infiuerice of Lysander of 100 talents. See vi. lL. 
405. Xen. Hell. 2, 4, 28. Grote, vol. viii. p. 106. Demosth. 
Lept. 460. Bowrots . . droSotva: ‘and the Beotians making 
reprisals upon us because we could not pay them two talents.’ 
Observe that ‘ Beotians’ are spoken of, not ‘Thebans,’ because 
Thebes was now supreme in Beeotia, and until the peace of 
Antalcidas (B.c. 387). See Hicks’ Manual of Greek Inscriptions, 
p- 123. The debt to the ‘ Beotians’ was probably for money 
panes to Thrasybulus. cida: or cida is the ‘right of seizing 
goo 


178. % BovAd 4 Bovdevovea ‘the Boulé for the time being.’ 176 


180-4. See on xi. 1. 66. ots Bovdetovotw éxacrore ‘those 
tans en at any particular occasion to be members of the 


344 NOTES. 


186-8. mpocéxovot . . aywvietrar ‘all who wish to plunder 
the State are anxious to see how Nicomachus will fare on his 
trial. 


190-2. tiptoe sc. dixny ‘assess,’ followed by genitive of the 
amount of punishment assessed ; here death, trav éoxdrwy, cf. 
vi. 1. 418. See note in Grote, vol. iv. p. 292. etAnddres treo Ge. 
Goodwin, § 118, 3, ‘you will have taken.’ Cf. on ii. 1. 138. 


199-200. tdv dolwv Kal trav tepdv see on |. 133 for the two 
commissions referred to ; though we must remember that it 
was only Nicomachus’ duty that was confined to the religious 
laws. ta ova that which relates to the ordinary duties of life. 
va iepd that which relates to religious observances. 


201-2. moddods HOn . . Grexrefvare. The frequency of con- 
viction for peculation among public men at Athens has been 
commented on by Boeckh, p. 194 sg., who quotes Polybius (vi. 
56), ‘but if in Greece the State entrusts to any one only a 
talent, and if it has ten checking clerks, and as many seals and 
twice as many witnesses, it cannot ensure his honesty.’ 


204. év te wapdévTt ‘for the time being.’ év with dat. of 
time, see x. ll. 398, 412. 


205. trav tepdv Sdpa AapBdvovres ‘making gain of the sacred 177 
moneys.’ Seems to refer to the daily pay that he was receiving, 
LAs. 


210-11. GAAG Sre dpets exrvBuvedvere that is, in the period from 
411 to 404, in which there were battles fought at Cynossema 
(411), Cyzicus (410), Notium (407), Arginusae (406), Hgospotami 
(405). avrod sc. at home at Athens. 


214. ér&exev ‘gave voluntarily.’ 


215-19. rots mpoydvous 1. 47. mempac@ai ‘to be sold in the 
slave market.’ 


222-3. dvr pev Sotdov «.7.A. This was when he had late 
in life been entered on a phratria, 1.11. troypapparéws ‘under 
clerk,’ the superior being ypauuare’s. Nicomachus had held 
this subordinate position before he was made a commissioner 
(vouodérns). For a discussion of such officials, see Boeckh, p. 
186 sq. 


227-8. olol mep . . riBévres ‘exactly in harmony with the 178 
character of those who made them.’ riévres 1. 128. Troa- 





XV. 345 


pevéy Tisamenus was the author of the Psephisma quoted be- 
fore as establishing this commission in B.c. 403. Andoc. de 
Myst. 83. 


231. Siabelper Oar ‘are degraded.’ 


233. Sis rov airov 17 dpxyq TH adry ‘the same man may not 
be under-clerk twice in the same year’ (the same archonship). 
The clerk of the Prytanes seems to have changed with each 
Prytany. Demosth. Tim. 720, where in a law we have t7é 70d 
ypapparéws Tod KaTa mpuTaveiay. 


235. kvplovs ‘competent to hold office.’ Cf. iii. 1. 66. 


237. kata mwatépa ‘on his father’s side,’ who was a public 
slave, 1. 10. 


238-9. tmtp rod Shpov ‘in behalf of the people.’ ovyxara- 
Aboas patverar ‘notoriously helped to put down the Democracy.’ 
See on ii. 1. 119. 


245. earrnoopévey ‘intend to beg him off.’ 


251. mpoatpeto Oar ‘to choose deliberately,’ ‘to go out of their 179 
way to save.’ 


258-61. edtovras ‘trying to save.’ ripwpetor bar sc. mpodtuos. 
Sri totrois mparors .. elvar ‘that they (z.e. Nicomachus’ 
friends) will be the first people to think better of you.’ 


269. katamepdcovres ‘intending to tamper with and alter,’ 
t.e. by bribes. 


272-4. hpets pev . . mer Ofvar ‘now we for our part, though 
entreated, refused to be bribed by them.’ This seems the only 
sense to be got out of aftotpevor, but it is not satisfactory, nor 
can instances of this passive be found, I think. meo@ijvat to 
be bribed. Cf. vi. ll. 364, 426. 


274-7. 7d 8%. . adavlfovras ‘and we call on you to do the 
same, and not to confine yourselves to hating disloyalty before 
it is brought to trial, but in the trial itself to punish those 
who dishonour and degrade your legislation.’ For Dinomachus 
was vouobérns, and as such degraded the office. ddavitovras as 
diaPOelpecOar in 1, 231. évvdpws ‘in accordance with the 
spirit of the law.’ 


346 NOTES. 


ORATION XVI. [32.] 


[This speech, which Cobet (Varie Lect. p. 68) calls eximia 
oratio, is unfortunately incomplete. Such as it is, it is preserved 
for us by Dionysius Halicarnassus, who prefixed to it the following 
hypothesis :— 

Diodotus, one of those who were enrolled for service under Thrasy- 
dus in the Peloponnesian War, being about to sail to Asia, in the 
archonship of Glaukippus ([B.c. 410-9], and having infant children, 
made a will, wherein he appointed as their guardian his own 
brother, Diogeiton, who was moreover both uncle and maternal 
grandfather of the infants. 

Now, he himself fell in battle at Ephesus ; whereupon Diogeiton, 
having taken the management of all the property of the orphans, 
and having from a very large sum of money produced nothing, is 
accused by one of the youths when he came of age of maladminis- 
tration of his guardianship. 

The actual prosecutor in the suit against him is the husband of the 
woman, who ts the defendant's niece and the sister of the young men. 

The title of such a suit was dlxyn émirporfs or pucOwoews olkou 
(see 1. 195). The date of it may be closely approximated to, 
Diodotus was killed at Ephesus probably in B.c. 408 (1. 54). The 
guardianship lasted eight years (1. 65). The trial probably came 
on within a year of its close, ¢.e. 400-399 B.c. 

There is some little difficulty as to the accounts presented in 
the speech, but the general charge is that Diogeiton received a 
large sum of money in trust for the children and the widow; that 
he defrauded the widow out of part of the money assigned to her; 
and at the coming of age of the elder boy—/irst, declared that the 
father had left nothing but the insignificant sum which he gave 
his wife for immediate expenses ; next, when pressed, owned to a 
larger sum (though smaller than what was the truth), but showed 
by a debtor and creditor account that he had spent more upon the 
children than he had received; thirdly, that he had not taken 
proper measures for making the best of the estate ; lastly, that his 
accounts were ill kept, ‘cooked,’ and containing extravagant charges. 

The two accounts of Diodotus’ property,—the speaker’s and the 
defendant’s, —are these :1— 


1 Professor Jebb (Attic Orators, vol. i. p. 298) reckons it at 15 talents 20 
nine, which must be arrived at in this way :— 


Deposit . B a r 7 ‘ . 5talents 0 mine 
Loans on Bottomry ‘ ‘ a ‘ A Rey eer £0 55 
Money in Chersonese . One. 20r-, 
30 Cyzikene staters at 20 drachme . Obes: Cinans 
20 min (left with wife) . . Ones 20. 73 
Two dowries of 1 talent Ree aes Ores; 





15 talents 26 mins. 





XVI. 347 


Deposit in Cash . f ; . _. 5Stalents 0 mine 
Loans on Bottomry y fie a eae | rat 
Money in the Chersonese (apparently in 

corn trade, 1119) . : : eNO! ioe ee LOL es 





13 talents O mine 








Besides this he left in his wife’s hands 30 Cyzikene staters (= 8 
mine 40 drachmz) and 20 mine of ready money (Attic), which she, 
however, handed over to her father (1. 124). 


(2) The second is the account as at length acknowledged 
by Diogeiton, § 15, 
Lent on Bottomry ; ‘i : . 7 talents 40 mine 


Mortgage , ; ; Sth espn AO eee 
Other Receipts : : . ; Pig U8 pete lye Abe 





9 talents 40 mine 








From this would have to be deducted the two dowries of a talent 
each, leaving 7 talents 40 mine to be accounted for. Diogeiton 
declared, § 20, that he had spent on the children 8 ¢alents 10 
mine, and that therefore he was out of pocket 30 mine. The 
speaker, therefore, to prove the absurdity of this, proceeds, —admit- 
ting the amount of receipts as 7 talents 40 minz,—to analyze his 
accounts of expenses, and is just about to give what he thinks 
would be a fair account, when the fragment comes to an end.] 


But this calculation assumes that the two dowries were provided for 
separately from the money calculated in §§ 5-6 ; whereas it seems, from the 
comparison of § 15 with § 29, that this was not so. For in the latter 
boon he accepts Diogeiton’s account, as found in the mislaid account- 

viz. receipt of 9 talents 40 minz (§ 15), and reckons him as being 
responsible for 7 talents 40 mine (§ 29),—that is to say, the amount given 
in the account-book minus the two dowries. 

And in the next place Professor Jebb’s account reckons the Cyzikene 
stater at 20 drachmsx, which was the value of the Attic stater ; the Cyzikene 
stater seems to have been equal to 28 Attic drachmz. Demosth. 914. 

And thirdly, the 20 mine and 30 Cyzikene staters were apparently not 
taken into account in any of the reckonings. They were for immediate 
expenses, and were doubtless spent, but handed over to Diogeiton un- 
conditionally (dep éyo co Edwxa, 1. 124). We must observe that the 
. payment of the dowries is not disputed, though the widow, he says, was 
not paid in full. The daughter no doubt was, or the speaker, who is her 
husband, would have mentioned it. 


i 
ey 
) 


348 NOTES. i 
1-2. rd Stadépovra ‘the points in dispute.’ rovrovs the 180 
two sons of Diodotus, for whom the speaker is pleading. 


9. werovOdres sc. elol. Cf. xv. 1. 192. Goodwin, § 118, 4. 
Infra, 143. 


10. knSeorrhv ‘ brother-in-law.’ See vi. 1. 10. 


14. Slatrav ‘an arbitration’ by a private dcacry77s, against 
whose decision there would be no appeal, as there was from that 
of a public dtarrnrijs. See iv. 1. 36. 


18-19. €BovdAnOy kal . . brropetvar ‘and was determined both 181 
to stand lawsuits, and even bring them if they were not ~ 
brought against him.’ Stknv devyev . . SudKev ‘to be 
defendant’ . . ‘to be prosecutor.’ 


21. amrnddAdx Pat trav mpds Totrous éykAnpatav ‘to get rid of 
the charges they had against him.’ For meaning and construc- 
tion, see iv. l. 154; viii. 1. 78. 


25. Bonbetv adrois ta Slkata. See oni. 1. 7. 
27. €adpxis. Cf ix. 1 11. 


31-2. ddavh . . avepds ‘personal’ . . ‘real property.’ 
agavis ovcia included everything but land, xpéa, cxedn, xpjuara 
k.7.\. Dem. 966. évelpavro ‘they divided between them.’ 
See on x. 1. 298. éxotvevovv ‘they went partners in.’ 


32-3. épyacapévov .. xphpara ‘now when Diodotus had 
much money invested in bottomry.’ Cf. Dem. 1293, elpyacpévor 
TOAAG Xphuara mapa tiv ornylav ; ibid. 922, ai éumoplar Tots 
épyagouévors (investors) ov ard Tav Savefouévww aN awd Tov 
Oavervovrwy clot. Cf. 1. 44. 


36. karadeyels ‘having his name put on the list for military 182 
service.’ See iii, 1, 18. pera OpactdrAov Thrasylus was a 
Strategus in B.c. 410. Xenoph. Hell. 1,1, 8. And this is the 
year, according to the hypothesis of Dionysius, in which Diodotus 
went on service (in the archonship of Glaukippus). 


39. xnSeorriy ‘father-in-law.’ See x. 1. 50. 
41. dvdyxas ‘ties.’ 


43-7. vavrika ‘on Bottomry.’ The property thus reckoned 
is as follows :— 


XVI. 349 


Deposited in Cash (rapara6jxn . 5 talents 0 mine 
Loans on Bottomry ; : Pyar Caran 40. 5; 
Invested in Chersonese . A Hae Grp 20) oe, 





13 talents 0 mine 








Besides this he left with his wife 

30 Cyzikene staters (at 28 Attic 

drachme per stater)= . - 8 mine 40 drachme 
And in cash (Attic) . ; Agr AV en 0 os 





28 mine 40 drachmee 








46. év Xeppovqow, i.c. the Crimea. The money was lent 
apparently on corn, |. 119. 


47. éav ru wé0y ‘if anything should happen to him,’ ¢.e. if he 
were killed. See x. 1. 385. 


48. émrdobvat, i.e. as dowry on remarriage. See viii. 1. 74. 
Infra, |. 64. ; 


52. dvrlypada ‘schedules’ of the property. 


54. év *"Edéow in B.c. 408 Thrasylus sustained a defeat at 183 
Ephesus, with a loss of 300 men. Xen. 1, 2, 7-9. See also 
Jebb, Adé. Or. vol. i. p. 297, note 5, 


55. tiv . . Ovyarépa Expumre ‘ concealed from his daughter.’ 


57-8. paokewv ‘pretending.’ See on iv. 1. 56. Koploac@ar 
‘to get in.’ 


60. érolyoav ra vopttspeva ‘when they had performed the 
customary rites.’ These would consist of the nine days’ funeral 
observances, beginning with a funeral feast (rapddeurvov), and 
concluding with the évara. See Becker’s Charieles, pp. 897-8. 


63. eis orv into Athens proper, the upper city as opposed 
to Peireus (v. 1. 376). 


64. émBods supra, 1. 48. éx8(Swow ‘ gives in marriage’ (viii. i 
1, 74). mevraxuorxiAlas Spaxpds, zc. fifty mine, whereas a 
talent (the sum left for the purpose, 1. 47) is sixty mine. 


65. xtAtats sc. Spaxpats. 


350 NOTES. 


66. Soxipacbévros, see iv. 1. 209. 


69. elkoot pvas K.7.A. that is to say, he only acknowledges 
the money left behind by Diodotus for the use of his wife. 1. 
50. ; 


78. ékmemrwkdres ‘ turned out of doors.’ 184 
88. év dv8pdou ‘in the company of men.’ 
92. Adyous . . érovodpny ‘I went into the matter. 


96-7. 4 yuvq t.c. the widow of Diodotus. tlva mort puxhv 
k.t.A, ‘what sort of heart he had to show such dispositions to 
her children.’ Or ‘ how he had the cruelty to,’ etc. iv. 1. 194. 
a£vot optative in oblique question. Goodwin, § 243. 


100. kale. . joxdvov ‘even though you had no feeling of 
shame before man.’ 


102. wévre rddavra 1, 44. 


104. mapaorncapévy zc. swearing by them. See the oath 
in Aristoph. Ran. 587, mpéppifos atirds,  yurh, Ta macdla | Kd- 
Kio? darootunv. Demosth. 642, Stouetrac xar’ éfwrelas avbrod. 
kal Tod yévous Kai THs olxias. Id. 900, rovs watéas mapactyod- 
bevoe €EacrovvTar buas. 


Aéyys ‘ when and whenever you may bid me,’ i.c. in any temple 


i 
| 
105-6. Trois bs a i.e. by her second marriage. 8mov. . 185 
or any altar you please.’ i 


108-9. émopkjcaca . . katadumety ‘to quit my life with a 
lie upon my lips, sworn upon my own children.’ xard twos 
duédcac ‘to swear upon a person,’ 7.e. to imprecate penalties 
against them if the oath be false. F 


112-15. Td ypdppara ‘the account-book.’ ty Stoxloe ‘the 
move,’ the change of houses mentioned in 1. 63. Of the names 
of the house-owners we have no information. tots maiSas 
Reiske says, servos. It might mean the ‘young boys,’ who 
would be likely to take it to their mother; the slaves would : 
have taken it to their master. ékBeBAnpévw ‘thrown on one 
side.’ 


116-19. dmrépyve sc. ra ypduuara or 7d BiBdov. ‘It showed ; 
that he had received 100 mine that had been lent at interest on 
land mortgages, and 2000 drachme besides, and valuable furni- . 
ture, and that corn came to them every year from the Chersonese 





XVI. 351 


(L 46). The account thus made up from the mislaid account- 
book will stand thus :— 


Bottomry . , . 7 talents 40 mine 
Mortgage : : see og Oras 
Other payments . CureQe > ose Ol ss 





9 talents 40 mine. 


To this must be added the two dowries, which Diogeiton had 
apparently paid: the daughters, 1 talent (if this had been 
curtailed the speaker would have mentioned it, as the girl was 
his wife) ; the widow’s, 50 minz, which brings up the amount 
thus accounted for to 11 talents 30 mine, still below the original 
amount, 1. 43. 


117. éyyelovs ‘on land.’ Cf. Dem. 914, crarfjpas . . davec- 
cduevos eyyeluw téxwv, where the interest is said to be égexros, 
164 p.c. 


121. StoxAlas xk... 1. 49. 


123-4, Gwrep Giol «.t.A. She does not demand an account of 
this money, which she had apparently handed over to her 
father for immediate expenses. 


125. @vyarpiSots ‘your own daughter’s sons.’ 
129. rév wapaxaraOykay. See l. 44. 


135-7. ore Tous Beois . . aloxivy. Cf. 1. 101; v. 1. 62, 186 
aicxtvouai twa ‘I am ashamed to do a thing before some one.’ 
Cf. Eur. Ion. 933, alcxtvoua pwév o’, & yépov, Ew F Suws. Tv 
trae ‘who was in the secret of your baseness.’ See on ii. 

113. 


143. qoav werovOdtes. See onl. 9. 


~ 


152. to Aoywope ‘to the calculation I am going to make.’- 187 


155. Gmraot trois twroAdirats ‘at the hands of all the citizens.’ 
CEx1;-1:-61- 


159. 8s érédApnoe qui potuerit, ‘seeing that he has had the 
hardihood.’ For éréApnere, see xiii. ll. 51, 68. For 8s, see on 
i. L. 30, ii. L. 98, and Index. 


161-2. Afjppa kal dvddA@pa ‘receipts and expenses,’ ‘a debtor 
and creditor account.’ & éxra ek ‘to show in his accounts 
an expenditure of 8 talents 10 mine in eight years upon two 
boys and their sister.’ This ‘debtor and creditor’ account- 








= << 


352 NOTES. 


book is not the document referred to in 1. 112 apparently, 
but some accounts of his guardianship which Diogeiton had 
produced under pressure. 


165-71. Sarov tpépere ra XpHpara i.c. ‘how to account for the 
money expended.’ He finds fault not only with the amount, 
but with the way the account is kept. For instance, he 
charges 6 obols a day for food (¢e. about 10d.) ; but for other 
necessaries, such as shoes, dyeing of clothes, haircutting, he 
made no charge by the month or by the year, but entered at 
the end of the eight years a lump sum of over a talent. 8 pov 
properly is anything such as meat, fish, sauce eaten with bread. 
It seems here to be used generally for ‘provisions.’ Tenpence 
a day does not seem much for three children, but it was above 
the average of the cost of living at Athens, see Boeckh. p. 109. 
_ We must remember that an obol a day was considered suflicient 
for the support of a cripple. xiii. 1. 198. 


171. eis 88 «7.4. And ‘though he did not spend twenty-five 
mine out of the fifty charged for their father’s tomb, he 
charged half that sum to himself and half to them.’ What he 
did was this: by way of paying nothing himself he said that 
the tomb cost fifty mine, of which he would pay half, the 
children’s estate half. But ag it really only cost twenty-five, 
the children’s half covered the whole, and he paid nothing. 
For these tombs (in this case a cenotaph) outside the walls, 
see Becker’s Charicles, p. 393 sq. There were laws to regulate 
the expense of these tombs, but one is mentioned in Demosth. 
1125 as costing more than two talents. 


174. es Atoviowa rolvuv k.t.A. The estates of orphans were 
free from State burdens, except the elopopa (Hermann, § 162), 
but the offerings at the various festivals were made in their 
behalf. 


176. éxxalSexa «.7.4. ‘he entered a lamb as costing sixteen 
drachme.’ Such a lamb is estimated by Menander (quoted by 
Boeckh. p. 76), as worth ten drachme. Diogeiton, the speaker 
insinuates, had played the same trick as in the case of the tomb. _ 
He pretended to go halves in the purchase, whereas the lamb 
had probably only cost eight drachme. 


178. odx HKvorra ‘more than anything.’ Cf. x. 1. 245. 188 
187, ypappara ‘bare accounts,’ z.c. without any money paid 
up. 


188-90. daroSelfere . . ertAdOwvrat for the change of mood, 
cf, viii. 1. 40. 





ave 353 
198-5. ev attra . . proOaoar Tov oixcy ‘he might have 


farmed out the estate.’ See xiv. 1. 19, 101; x. 1. 304. Cf. 
Tseeus. 59, 43, pucOodv éxéXevoy tov adpxorvTa Tods olkous, ws 
épgavdv bvrwy. The speaker says two courses were open to 
Diogeiton—(1) to get rid of all trouble by giving over the property 
to some one else at.a fixed price, to be paid for the benefit of the 
orphans yearly, or (2) to have invested in land and used the 
rents (r& mpootévra) for their benefit. 


200-1. otSerdmore . . otorlay ‘never once to have taken any 
thought of how he might secure their property for them.’ See 
ol. 

202. kAnpovdpov ‘heir.’ Cf. a similar use of éwixdnpos, xiii. 
106. 


J. 
205-7. cuvtpinpapxev ‘going partners in a trierarchy with 


Alexis’ brother, Aristodicus.’ odoKey, iv. 1. 56: supra, 1. 57. 
cupBarér Gar ‘contributed,’ xv. ]. 122. 


207-9. Orphans, for the first year of their majority, were 
exempt from all liturgies. Hermann, § 162. kal éreSav Soxv- 
pacQao. ‘even when they have come of age,’ See iv. 1. 209. 


213. mparrerar ‘exacts.’ Kal Groméy as «.t.A. A breach 
of law as well as of equity was involved in this. For (1) a 
guardian could not invest his ward’s money in bottomry [Suidas, 
s. v. &yyetov, quotes Lysias (from some lost speech), tod vduov 
KeAevovTos Tovs ériTpbtrous Tots d6ppavois eyyecov TiHy ovciay Kabic- 
Tdvat, odros 6€ vauTixo’s Huds dmropaive:]; and (2) it was unfair 
to make the estate run the risk, and then to take the bargain 
himself when the risk was over. Boeckh, p. 134. 


214. eis rov’ ASplay to the coast of Illyria probably. 6AKd8a 
‘a corn ship.’ Svotv raddvrow ‘ with a cargo worth two talents.’ 


217. @urdaclacey ‘had doubled itself.’ 


218. ras {nplas ‘the possible loss.’ doSelfe he suddenly 
turns to and addresses Diogeiton himself, cp. vi. 1. 181. 


219-22. Sow pév . . wAovTHoe. ‘ You will find no difficulty 
in entering in the ledger on what the money has been spent ; 
but you yourself will easily be enriched from money not your 
own.’ He means ‘This is a delightful way of keeping accounts ! 
All the loss is put down to your wards—all the gain to yourself.’ 
For mo, cp. 1. 165. 


224, podis . . ypdppara. ‘I got the accounts from him 
with difficulty.’ 


rags 


189 


190 


354 NOTES. 


227. 6 Adyos . . Tpinpapxfas ‘the account of the trierarchy.’ 
épackev elvar ‘said yes, he had.’ Cf. v. 1. 59. 


229. rérrapas Kal elkoot whereas he professed to have contri- 
buted forty-eight mine (l. 206), the whole expense of the 
trierarchy. By this trick the whole of his contribution was 
really paid by the orphan’s estate, just as in the other cases (Il. 
a 176). ovpBeBAnpévov 1. 207. Perf. pass. as middle, see 
ste bare” 


232. AeAoyloGat perf. pass. for middle again, as in 1. 229. 
236. érdédpnore 1. 159. 


241. 80a TedXevTdY Gpodsynoev ‘the amount which he did 
eventually acknowledge to.’ He says he will accept the 
accounts as found in the mislaid account-book (though it is not 
a full or fair,one). The amount there accounted for (ll. 116-119) 
was 9 talents 40 mine. Deducting the two talents for the 
dowries (and that is not noticing the 10 mine short, 1. 65), the 
amount to be accounted for as spent on the children is 7 talents 
40 mine. : 


243-5, mpéooSov ‘income’ arising from the investment of © 
the money.’ ‘tmrapxdvtev ‘capital.’ Ofow ‘I will put down’ 
or ‘ reckon.’ 


245. The calculation he now makes is as follows :— 


Expenses of two boys and their paedago- 
gus, one girl and her maid for eight 
years, at 1000 drachme per annum . 8000 drachme 


which equals 1 talent 20 mine. 

And this sum, deducted from 7 talents 40 mine, leaves a ~ 
balance of 6 talents and 20 mine unaccounted for. 

The calculation is a rough one, for, to be accurate, 3 drachme 
a day for eight years is 8760 drachme, or 1 talent 27 minx 60 
drachme. 

That 1000 drachme (about £40) should be spoken of as an 
excessive allowance per annum for two boys, a girl, and two 
servants, seems astonishing. But see on 1. 165, and Boeckh, pp. © 
113, 114. 3 


251. ob yap .7.A. ‘For you will not be able to show that — 
you have lost by pirates (i.e. in the bottomry loans), or in ~ 
business, or that you have paid debts for the deceased. — 
typlav 1. 218. 





APPENDICES. 


i 
‘THE THIRTY.’ 


THE disaster sustained by the Athenian fleet at Hgospotami 
was at once recognised at Athens as extinguish- June-July, 4051 
ing all hope of further maintaining against 5c. 
Sparta her power in the #gean and Asia. The city itself, it 
was at once felt, must prepare to sustain a siege. The Paralus, 
which was among the few ships that escaped, hastened to carry 
the tidings home. It arrived in the Peireus after nightfall. 
A cry of anguish was raised when the tale was told. The 
cry was caught up, and passed along from mouth to mouth by 
those who were stationed on the long walls, and quickly reached 
the city. ‘That night no one slept.’ Preparations for a siege 
were hurriedly made. The harbours were blocked, the walls 
repaired, the guards stationed at their posts? And then 
followed a period of terrified expectation. What would be 
their fate? Would it be like that which they had inflicted on 
the Melians, Histizans, Scionzans, Toronzans, and ginetans, 
and others whom they had massacred or sold into slavery? 
When would the terrible Lysander appear? When would the 
Ephors send their orders? All that was certain was 
the city was getting crowded with citizens sent home by 
Lysander, who had granted their lives on condition of returning 
to Athens.* 
Lysander himself meanwhile was in no hurry. He sent no 
essage home until he had reduced Lesbos, and despatched 


1 In the year of Alexias (Diodor. xiii. 104), which begins June 21, 405 Bc. 
‘or account of Zgospotami, see note on vi. L. 33. 

2 Xen. Hell, 2, 2, 3-4. 

* Lysander purposely sent them home that the city, being crowded, 
ight the sooner suffer from starvation, eidds Srt Soy Gy wXeious 
DreyGow €s 7d dorv xal roy [leipasd OGrrov ray éxitniciey 
écecOa:. Xen. Hell. 2, 2, 2. 































356 APPENDICES. 


Eteonicus with ten triremes to Thrace, and had seen all the 
Hellenic States, except Samos, in open revolt from Athens. — 
Even then he did not hasten back. He sent a message to the © 
king, Agis, who was in Decelea, and another to the other king, © 
Pausanias, who was at home, saying that he was on his way © 
with 200 ships. The Spartans at once marched with all their — 
available forces (7avdyuel), and occupied the Academy, a gym- © 
nasium and gardens about a mile north-west of the city, where 
the two kings, Pausanias and Agis, coming respectively from — 
Sparta and Decelea, joined each other.? This had not long © 
taken place when Lysander arrived at Aigina. There he ex-— 
pelled the Athenian settlers, and collecting as many of the — 
/Eginetas as he could, put them in possession of the city. He 
then ravaged Salamis, and finally dropped anchor at the 
Peireus.4 His large fleet effectually prevented the ingress of — 
corn ships, while the Spartan army in the Academy shut out 
all hope of relief from the land side. 

The Athenians now knew their fate. They were to be starved © 
into submission and surrender. They thought, however, that — 
surrender meant death or slavery, and for a time they preferred 
to endure the pangs of hunger and the other miseries of a siege. 
The ordinary business of life was suspended, all political dis- — 
abilities removed ;° the Senate of the Areopagus in this crisis 7 
took the direction of affairs into its hands ;° and though many 
were dying of hunger there was as yet no disposition to speak of 
making terms. We do not know exactly how long this state of | 
things lasted. But perhaps we may conclude that about 
September the resolution of the people began to give way. 
They then sent commissioners to Agis in the Academy,’ offering 
peace and alliance on condition that the long walls and the } 
walls of Peireus should be left intact. Agis referred them to 
the Ephors; and they accordingly set out for Sparta. The 
Ephors met them at Sellasia, on the frontier of Laconia, at the 
junction of the roads from Argos and Tegea, and promptly 
dismissed them with the warning that they must much improve 
their offers if they had any hopes of success. The demand now 
made by the Ephors seems to have been much less severe than 

3 Diodor. xiii. 107. 

4 Xen. Hell. 2, 2, 5-9. Xenophon says he anchored at the Peirzus withy 
150 ships. Diodorus (xiii. 107) says, with ‘more than 200.’ The difference — 
may be accounted for by supposing Diodorus to be thinking of Lysander’s | 
whole fleet, which was 200 (Xen. 2, 2,7), but of which he doubtless left 
some at Mgina, and reserved others for the expedition to Samos. ; 

5 rovs atluous émeriwous worjoavres éxapTépovy. Hell. 2, 2, 11. 

6 Lysias, Eratost. 1. 472. 

7 Or to Decelea, as, according to Diodorus, the Spartan army was shortly 
withdrawn, the blockade being left to the ships, which was sufficient, as — 
the supplies of corn came by sea. Diod. xiii. 107. 





i 357 


that actually enforced afterwards; and to have been confined 
to the demolition of ten stades of the long walls. The answer 
brought by these commissioners spread despair in the city. 
But still they were resolved to resist this destruction of their 
fortifications, and Archestratus, who ventured to speak in favour 
of yielding, was thrown into prison. 

Meanwhile Lysander, having effectually blockaded the Peireus, 
appears to have gone to Samos with the view of reducing the 
one faithful adherent of Athens still left.2 He probably con- 
sidered that there were elements at work within the city which 
would attain his object without any further appeal to arms. If 
so, he was not mistaken. It was a chance for the Oligarchical 
faction, of which they could avail themselves with all the ap- 
pearance, and perhaps some of the reality, of patriotism. 

Of that party, worsted for a time after the temporary Revolu- 
tion of the 400, no one had greater influence with the people 
than Theramenes. Distrusted by his own party as a doctrinaire 
and unpractical politico-philosopher, jeered at by the comic 
poets as a turncoat,—a cothuwrnus that would fit either foot,— 
the people yet recognised in him a man that could be trusted, 
they thought, to pnt the safety of his country before fidelity to 
sale § Yet in the year 405 he had been rejected on a scrutiny 

or the office of Strategus. * 

This man persuaded the people to send him not to Sparta, 
_but to Lysander, that he might ascertain whether the Spartans 
really meant to enslave them, or only wished the long walls 
down as asecurity for their good faith. He promised to obtain 
a per for them without loss of walls or ships.! The people, 
believing his assurances, and thinking that if any one could 
do so he would be able to make good terms for them, gave him 
the authority he asked. He went, leaving the people in misery 
and painful expectation. But instead of returning quickly 
with good news he spent three months with Lysander, waiting 
(Lysias bitterly affirms) till the people were so starved as to be 
willing to accept any terms.!? Nor were the Oligarchical party 
idle during his absence. They were busy in persuading every- 
body to give in to the Spartan proposals, and in getting out of 
the way those who were prominent for their resistance to them. 


8 Lys. Agoratus, § 14,1. 92. Xen. Hell. 2, 2, 15 

9 Plutarch (Lysand. 14) says he was in ‘ Asia,’ but that seems to be a 
loose expression for the coast and islands. 

* Lys. Agor. § 10. The nickname x6@opvos depends on Xen. Hell.’2, 3, 
31 (Critias’ speech), and Plutarch, Republ. 277. His changeableness is 
a abe to by Aristophanes, Ran. 541, 964-8. The Ranz was exhibited in 

\ B.C. ° 
10 wigrews €vexa. Xen. Hell. 2, 2, 16. 
11 Lys. Eratosth. § 68, 1. 467. 12 Lys. l.c. Xen. Hell. 2, 2, 16. 


358 APPENDICES. 


Thus the demagogue Cleophon, who had been most strenuous 
in his opposition, was put to death on some frivolous accusa- 
tion ; and this specimen of the spirit in which the Oligarchs 
acted was further illustrated by the fall of others in a similar 
manner.!3_ On his returning to Athens Theramenes found, not 
only that the people were so reduced by misery that they were 
willing to submit to any terms, but that the party which had 
been loudest for resistance were frightened into silence. Even 
then he brought no satisfactory answer from Lysander. He 
was referred, he said, to the Ephors and must go tothem. He 
was sent with nine others to Sparta, with full powers to treat 
for peace. When the ten ambassadors returned they were 
met by an anxious crowd, eager for peace and for the power of 
leaving the hunger-stricken city. Theramenes had a heavy 
tale to tell. There had been solemn deliberations at Sparta, 
and envoys from Corinth and Thebes had urged the entire 
destruction of Athens ; but the Spartans had refused to listen 
to such a proposition in regard to a city which had done such 
service to Hellas; and they now granted a peace on these 
terms :— 

(1.) Long walls, and walls of Peirzeus, to be pulled down. 

(2.) All ships, except twelve, to be given up. 

(3.) Exiles (¢.e. of the Oligarchical party) to be recalled, and 
an offensive and defensive alliance to be made with Sparta: 
Athens acknowledging her supremacy and serving under her 
by land and sea. 14 

The terms were dreadful, and Lysias accuses Theramenes of 
being the willing proposer of them, and that he did not merely 
accept them under compulsion.!® But hard as the terms were, 
they fell short of the worst,—destruction and slavery. They 
were brought before an assembly and accepted with only a few 
ray dissentients. It was now the spring of the year 

; B.c. 404, and after the sufferings of the winter 
it must have been with comparative indifference that the 
citizens saw Lysander sail into: the Peireus, and watched him 
inaugurating the destruction of the long walls to the music of 
flute girls, and with every sign of eagerness and joy. The 
exiled Oligarchs had hastened back, and loudly declared that 
it was the birthday of liberty for Hellas. 

The destruction of the long walls does not seem to have pro- 
ceeded very fast or very far,6 and Lysander soon returned to 

13 Lys. Agorat. § 12, 1. 55; x. 1. 815 sq. 

14 A last condition is added by Diodorus, xiii. 107, viz., ‘Athens to 
abandon all towns of which she had taken possession.’ Xenophon (Hell, 
2, 2, 20) only mentions the first three. 15 Lys. vi. § 70. 

16 Lys. v. 1.513. For we find that Lysander in the autumn declared 
that the Athenians had not fulfilled their part in the terms. 


Stein a 


nae 


is 359 


his operations in Samos. But though the formal conditions of 
the peace were such as we have seen, there was another one, 
well understood, though not publicly professed. It was the 
abolition of the democratical form of government, and the 
substitution of an oligarchy.!” 

_ The end of the Attic year was now fast approaching [the 
year of Alezias, ending June 21, B.c. 404], when a new Boule, 
new Archons, Phylarchs, and other officers, would have to be 
appointed. The Oligarchical party, now in the ascendant, 
were resolved to seize this opportunity of consummating the 
Revolution they hadlong wished for. The existing Boule was 
oligarchical in tone, and lent itself readily to their schemes ;** 
nor had the people perhaps after their long months of suffering 
sufficient spirit for effectual resistance,—the returned exiles no 
doubt helping to silence the murmurs of those who were still 
loyal to the Constitution. 

The movement was begun by the political clubs. Five men 
were appointed by their fellow clubsmen, called in compliment 
to Sparta Ephors. These men, without having official rank, 
were to dictate generally to the Ecclesia, and to cause Phy- 
larchs to be appointed who were favourable to the Oligarchical 

19 The name of Theramenes is not mentioned among 
these Ephors, of whom Critias and Eratosthenes were two, but 
he seems to have acted with authority throughout these 
months. He would not allow any assembly to be held until 
he had again sent for Lysander.” Then in an assembly, at 
which the Spartan commanders. Lysander, Philochares, and 
Miltiades, were present, he proposed the appointment of Thirty 
men to draw up a code of laws,“ and meanwhile to carry on the 
government. The proposal was received with disapproving 
shouts, but Lysander himself spoke, and hinted broadly that 
the people had rendered themselves liable to be sold into 
slavery for transgressing the terms of the peace, and had 
better look to their safety first. Theramenes also spoke with 
energy, declaring that he cared nothing for the clamour, and 
that not only had he at his back the Spartan power, but a 
large number of citizens. The result was that the opposers 
were silent, and either voted for the Thirty or left without 


W7 Lysias affirms that this was one of the voluntary offers made by 
Theramenes to Sparta. v. § 70. 


18 Lysias, vi. § 20. i9 Lysias, v. § 43. 

20 Lys. v. § 71. 

1 Xen. Hell. 2,3,2. Diod. xiv.3. Lys. xiv. 103, éxi rov7’ éxetporor)- 
Onoar. 2 Lys. v. § 74. 


3% bid. But Diodorus (xiv. 3) represents Theramenes as resisting the 
proposal, and being silenced by a threat of death: a confusion apparently 
arising from his view of Theramenes as a friend of the Demus. 


360 APPENDICES. 


voting,*4 and the assembly voted for the appointment of the 
Thirty, who were made up of—Ten nominated by the above- 
named Ephors; ten nominated by Theramenes; ten chosen 
from the Ecclesia then assembled.** Their names were : %— 
Polychares Hieron Diocles Sophocles schines Dracontides 
Critias Mnesilochus Phedrias EratosthenesTheogenes Eumathes 
Melobius Chremon ChereleosCharicles Cleomedes Aristoteles 
Hippolochus Theramenes Anaetius Onomacles Erisistratus Hippomachus 
Euclides Aresias Peison Theognis Pheidon Mnesithides. 
These Thirty were formally appointed by a vote of the 
Ecclesia, and Diodorus asserts that Theramenes was especially 
selected by the Demus from their confidence in his integrity.” 
Whatever misgivings were entertained by the citizens at 
these changes, the immediate results were calculated to dispel 
them. Lysander and his fleet departed to Samos, and Agis at 
length evacuated Decelea and disbanded the army which had 
occupied it.** The relief must have been immense. The 
occupation of Decelea had now lasted nine years, and had been 
not only the cause of great loss but of bitter humiliation to 
the Athenians.2? Now, at length the country would be free for 
the farmer and shepherd, and the overcrowded city find some 
relief, and peaceable citizens might go about their ordinary 
business. This pleasing anticipation was soon dispelled. The 
June 21, 8.c. 404, Thirty, continually postponing the revision of 
the dvapxia or the laws, which was the ostensible reason of 
“year withoutan their appointment, set about establishing their 
Archon’ though power. They first secured the nomination of a 
called Archon Boulé and various officials devoted to their 
Eponymus by interests.°9 They then immediately began the 
the Oligarchs. = bloody work which rendered them infamous. 
The first steps taken in this direction did not seriously alarm 
honest citizens. Their first victims were the men who had 
gained an evil reputation as informers under the Democracy.*! 
But they were conscious that their next step would be attended 
with more danger. They therefore asked and obtained the 
presence of a Spartan guard, and a harmost, Callibius. Rely- 
ing upon these supporters they began to put to death not only 
such wretches as they had seized at first, but all whom the 
believed to be disaffected to their régime, and whose wealt 


24 Lys. v. § 75. 25 Lys. v. § 76, ék T&v mapdyTwr, 
26 Xen. Hell. 2, 8, 2. 27 Diodor. xiv. 4. See note 23. 
28 Xen. Hell. 2, 3, 3. 29 Thucyd. 7, 19, 27. 


30 éx ray ldlwy dirxwv. Diod. 14, 4. Lysias, vi. § 74, asserts that 
the Thirty and the Boulé were members of the 400 and their partizans, who 
had been in banishment. 

31 Xen. Hell. 2, 3,12. Cp. Lys. v. [12], § 5, @doxovres 5¢ xpfvat ray 
adlkwv KaOapay tovjoae Thy modu. 





1K 361 


made them worth attacking,** employing for that object the 
services of various spies and informers.* 

These cruelties, however, were not equally approved of by all 
the Thirty. Theramenes had had no such views in promoting 
the Revolution. He had a dream of a model State, from which 
all sycophants and evildoers should be banished, and in which 
‘the best men’ should really govern. But this merciless 
execution of good men, for no offence but a leaning to the 
Democrary under which they had been bred, was odious to 
him. His opposition, in which he seems to have been sup- 
ported by Eratosthenes,** alarmed Critias and the more violent © 
section of the Thirty. Critias proposed as a compromise that a 
roll of ee persons (3000 in number) should be drawn 
up, and should exercise the functions of the old Ecclesia. 
But Theramenes objected to a definite number. ‘The object,’ 
he argued, ‘of all our measures is to have the best men (oi 
Bé\7icr%) as governors. It is unreasonable to suppose that 
such persons could ever be included in a definite number. 
This measure is neither one thing nor the other. It tries to 
establish a government which in reality is arbitrary, while in 
form democratical.’ He was, however, overborne: the cata- 
logue of the 3000 was drawn up; all other citizens were 
deprived of their arms, which were stored on the Acropolis ; 
and this was followed by the murder of many citizens, some for 
the sake of their property, others from motives of private 
enmity.> 

Still money was urgently needed, especially for the pay of 
the Spartan guard and beet Shean ithe had promised to 
support.%° Theognis and Peison accordingly proposed that 
certain rich Aliens or Metics should be put to death and their 
properly confiscated. The pretence was to be as usual ‘dis- 
affection.’ Each of the Thirty was to select a victim, and 
they were to arrange the execution of the design with each 
other.” But Theramenes again interposed, protesting that in so 
acting they would be worse than ordinary ‘Sycophants,’ who 
at any rate were content with obtaining the forfeiture of their 
victims’ goods. The violent party among the Thirty saw that 
Theramenes must be got rid of. A meeting of the Boulé was 
summoned. They attended with daggers concealed about their 
Sibi here Critias spoke, justifying bloodshed as necessary in a 

volution, and denouncing Theramenes as worse than an open 


32 Diodor. xiv. 4. 

33 Batrachus and schylides are named by Lys. Erat. § 4S. 
34 Lys., v. § 50. 35 Xen. Hell. 2, 3, 15-21. 
36 Xen. Hell. 2, 3, 13, Opépeww dé adrée brixvoivro. 

7 Lys., v. § 6-7. 


362 APPENDICES. 


enemy,—a traitor to his own friends as he had ever been. 
Theramenes replied, justifying his changes of policy as being 
always dictated by the public interests, and deuonacneg the 
policy of Critias as tending to weaken the State by removing 
its best men. The Boule was impressed by the words of 
Theramenes. Critias saw this, and at once bade his partizans 
show their arms; and since the new law allowed the Thirty on 
their own responsibility to put to death all who were not on the 
‘Catalogue,’ he erased the name of Theramenes, and exclaimed, 
‘xal To0rov tueis Oavaroduev.’*8 Theramenes sprang to the 
altar. But the herald of the Thirty summoned the Eleven. 
They entered, headed by the shameless Satyrus, and in spite of 
his protests dragged Theramenes from the altar, and led him 
through the Agora to the prison, where he was compelled to 
drink the fatal hemlock. During this scene the Boule sat silent, 
awed by the daggers of the Thirty.*® 

Thus released from all control, Critias and his party pushed 
on in their course of murder. The resolution as to the Metics 
had been partially carried out. Ten had been selected, of 
whom two were poor men, that their object should not be too 
obviously plunder, and these were visited in their houses or 
captured in the street and speedily executed and their property 
fell into the hands of the Thirty. (Lysias, Eratosth. § 7.) Thus 
supplied with money, the Tyrants took further measures for 
their own security. They forbade all persons not in the 
‘Catalogue’ to enter the upper city (7d dorv) at all. At the 
same time they expelled them from their lands, which they 
gave to their own friends. These unhappy persons crowded 
into the Peireus, or fled to Megara, Thebes, Chalcis, and other 
towns.*® Diodorus asserts that more than half the citizens 
were in exile.44 The Tyrants regarded these refugees as the 
French Republican Government did the émigrés. They de- 
manded from the various towns that they should be given up. 
But their demand seems almost universally to have been 
refused, in spite of the influence of Sparta; the Thebans and 
the Argives, mainly no doubt from jealousy of Sparta, being 
especially forward in protecting them. 
September z.c. | These transactions lasted through the summer 
404, months of B.c. 404. In September of that 
year an event occurred which showed the Tyrants that they 


38 Xen. Hell. 2, 3, 51. 

39 Diodorus (xxv. 5) asserts that Socrates, with two friends, endeavoured 
to rescue him [dre xal gidocodlas éml metov pmererxXnKws mapa 
Swxpdrer]. His authority, however, is of little weight. 

40 Xen. Hell. 2, 4,1. Lysias, rept rod dduvdrou, § 25. 

41. xiv. 5. 42 See on v. 1. 174. 


- 363 


were not to be allowed to pursue their course unchecked. 
Thrasybulus, who had shown his devotion to the cause of 
Democracy at the time of the Four Hundred,* was one of those 
who had taken refuge at Thebes. This man with seventy 
followers suddenly sallied out of Thebes and seized Phylé, a 
place about twelve miles from Athens, of great strength and im- 
portance, as commanding the pass over Mount Parnes. This 
movement was secretly encouraged by the Theban authorities,* 
no doubt from jealousy of Sparta, and its success immediately 
attracted the exiled Democrats from all sides. The Tyrants 
recognised their danger. They at once mustered their forces 
and marched out to attack Thrasybulus. Some of the younger 
and rasher spirits made an attempt to carry the place by storm, 
but were repulsed with loss. A snowstorm coming on in the 
night, after a fine day, created a panic in the camp, and 
caused them to return hurriedly to Athens with a considerable 
loss of baggage.*® Preparations for a siege, however, were made. 
They sent the Spartan guards and two phyle of cavalry to do 
duty on the frontier to prevent Thrasybulus from plundering 
the country, and did establish some form of blockade. Mean- 
while Thrasybulus, having command of the road towards 
Thebes, was collecting a considerable force, and soon had 700 * 
men with him, the exiled Democrats flocking into his camp. 
By a bold stroke he completed the discomfiture of his assailants. 
He surprised their camp in the night, killed 120 hoplites, and 
three knights. This seems to have broken up the beleaguering 
force. The Tyrants in alarm determined to secure for them- 
selves (é&duscac8a) a place of retreat in the event of their 
being unable to retain their position in Athens. They fastened 
upon Eleusis. Under a pretence of holding an inspection of 
the citizens of Eleusis capable of bearing arms, they ordered 
them to file out of the city gate nearest the sea. As the name 
of each was taken down on the register, he passed through the 
gate. When, however, they got to the beach they found them- 
selves surrounded by horsemen, whose attendants arrested them 
and delivered them to the custody of the Eleven, Next day an 
assembly was held in the Odeum of the hoplites and equites 
in the ‘ Catalogue,’ and at the instance of Critias (who bluntly 
declared that he asked their vote that they might be involved 


# Thucyd. 8, 73-5. 44 Xen. Hell. 2, 4, 2. 

45 Diodor. xiv. 32, cuvepyotvtwy attg AdOpa T&v OnBaiwr. 

46 Diodorus (xiv. 32), like Xenophon (Hell. 2, 4, 3), mentions the snow- 
storm and the consequent panic. But his order of events differs from 
that of Xenophon, in that he represents the settlement of the citizens not 
in the ‘Catalogue’ in the Peireus as subsequent to this occupation of 
Phylé. But of course his authority is as nothing against that of Xenophon. 

47 Xen. Hell. 2, 415. Diodorus (1. c.) says 1200. 


364 APPENDICES. 


with him in the consequences) they were condemned to death, 
and by one vote, which in itself was illegal. 

This probably took place in November B.c. 404, and 
Thrasybulus, now with over 1000 men, retaliated by 
effecting an entrance into Peireus by night. The Tyrants, 
with hoplites, Spartan guards, and knights, hurried down the 
road between the long walls. Thrasybulus endeavoured to 
prevent their entrance into the Peireus, but without success, 
the space to be guarded proving too large. He therefore 
retired to Munychia, an elevation on the eastern part of the 
Peirzus,#? where there was a temple of Artemis and a sacred 
enclosure called the Bendedeion. The Tyrants occupied the 
Agora of the main town, and the road leading from it to Muny- 
chia. They had the superiority in numbers, and their troops 
were massed fifty deep; but Thrasybulus had the great advan- 
tage of an elevated position, having a slope to charge down, and 
the enemy so thickly massed in front of them that his men 
could not well miss doing execution with arrows and javelins. 
After a short but stirring speech Thrasybulus gave the word 
[’Evudd\cos] for the charge, and they rushed down the hill, 
turned the enemy, and pursued them to the level ground.*? 
But though no great execution seems to have been done, the 
victory was rendered extremely valuable by the fall of Critias, 
who, with another of the Tyrants, Hippomachus, and about 
seventy men, was killed in the mélée. 

The result was a conference between the two parties. 
Aa veiiien 404: Cleocritus, occupying a peculiar and sacred 
position as pvordv xjpvé, urged the necessity of 
peace, and declared that the Tyrants in eight months” had 
killed more than the Spartans in ten years. The Tyrants, 
without making any answer, returned to the city, and the next 
day remained in gloomy conference in their council-chamber. 
The Three Thousand did not at first meet in a body, but collect- 
ing in groups consulted with each other. Those of them who 
felt themselves deeply involved in the guilt of the Tyrants 
were for holding out ; others were for accepting terms. Finally 
they met and voted the deposition of the Thirty, and the 
appointment of ten commissioners to treat with Thrasybu- 


48 As being against the psephisma Cannoni, as in the case of the generals 
after Arginuse. Xen. Hell. 2, 4,9. Lysias, v. 1. 370. Lysias mentions 
going to Salamis, and Diodorus (14, 32) also mentions Salaminians. They 
were probably those expelled by Lysander. 

49 Néqov Epnuov kal Kaprepdv. Diod. 14, 33. 

50 Diodorus (xiv. 33) speaks of a long and obstinate resistance. That 
is not the impression to be gathered from Xenophon [Hell. 2, 4, 19]. 

51 Xen. Hell. 2, 4, 21. The eight months must be counted from the end 
of March to the end of November, 


fi, 365 


lus.52. The Tyrants, with the exception of Pheidon and Eratos- 
thenes, retired to Eleusis. The Ten, however, did not show any 
disposition to make terms with the party of the Peireus,*’ who, 
growing more and more numerous, within ten days occupied the 
whole of Peirzus, and began a kind of siege of the Asty itself. 

Meanwhile pressing messages for help reached Sparta from 
Eleusis and from the Ten in the city. Nor did Lysander fail 
his friends in their necessity. He obtained for them a loan 
of 100 talents,** and managed to get himself appointed har- 
most, and his brother Libys navarchus. The party of the 
Peireeus were now in great straits, being beset by sea and land. 
But the Spartan king, Pausanias, grudged Lysander such a 
triumph. He persuaded the Ephors to withdraw the Spartan 
‘guard,’ and though he continued encamped near Peireus he 
did not carry on the campaign with any serious intention of 
completing the business. After a sham assault, and a skirmish 
in which some 150 Athenians fell, he gave a hint that he was 
willing to receive ambassadors. They were forwarded to Sparta, 
and in spite of offers from the Ten to give up the city to Sparta, 
an arrangement was come to, of which the following were the 
chief terms :— 

(1.) A complete amnesty and restitution of property to all. 

(2.) The only exceptions to be the Tyrants, the ten com- 
missioners who had governed in the Peirzus,” and the 
Eleven, unless they submitted to the usual ed@uvar.°8 

(3.) Any of the city party who feared to stay in Athens 
might reside at Eleusis. 

These events had occupied some months, but Thrasybulus 
was in possession of Athens before the end of the year of 
Pythodorus (the dvapxia), i.e. before June 21, B.c. 403. The old 
Ecclesia was restored and the Boulé and archons appointed for 
the next year, the Archon Eponymus being Euclides. This 
pacification was ratified by a solemn procession open to all 
citizens to join in a sacrifice to Athene on the Acropolis.*? 


52 One from each tribe. Xen. Hell. 2, 4, 24. Diodorus (xiv. 33) says 
that they were meant to be ambassadors only to the party in the Peirzus, 
but made themselves tyrants. 

53 Lysias, v. 1. 387-390 sg. Of the Ten Lysias gives three names—Pheidon, 
Hippocles, and Epichares. 

54 Xen. Hell. 2, 4, 27. 55 Ib. 28. Lys. xiv. § 30. , 

56 Afterwards acknowledged as a State debt and repaid. Demosth. c. 
Lept. 46. Cf. Lysias, xv. 1. 175. 

57 ray év Tlepacet dpédvrwv Séxa, Not the ten who succeeded the 
Thirty in the city. 

58 This proviso is not mentioned by Xenophon (Hell. 2, 4, 38), but is 
added by Andocides de Myst. § 90. It made little difference, as the et@vvac 
would be sure to result in their condemnation. 

59 Lysias, vi. § 80-1. 


366 APPENDICES. 


The Democratical party used their triumph with admirable 
moderation. Eratosthenes, though impeached by Lysias, does 
not appear to have been condemned. But the party of the 
surviving Tyrants at Eleusis could not submit to their defeat, 
but were said to be hiring mercenary troops. An expedition 
was organised against them; their Strategi were, apparently 
with some treachery, taken and killed, and the rest induced 
to swear to the terms of pacification. 

Thus this terrible year ended. The old constitution was 
restored and arrangements made for drawing up an amended 
code of laws. But though hostilities were at an end, and those 
who had engaged in them were protected by the amnesty from 
direct consequences,® yet the events of the year affected private 
interests and business for many years to come. Scarcely any 
one of the extant speeches of Lysias is without reference to 
them. Sometimes it is a man’s character that is to be cleared 
or blackened, sometimes it is the suspension of legal business 
that has entailed loss or given an opportunity for fraud, some- 
times the damage sustained by property during the hostilities 
is pleaded, sometimes the consequences of having served in the 
cavalry under the Thirty is in question,—in numberless ways 
it is plain that the social effects of this year of anarchy remained 
long after the Revolution itself was at an end. 


iH. 
*ATIMIA. 


There is a well-known passage in Andocides (de Myst. § 74-5), 
which very clearly explains the principles on which this punish- 
ment was awarded. 

There were three kinds of driula :— 

(A.) Temporary druula, arising from indebtedness to the State, 
which was terminated by a due satisfaction of such claims. 

(B.) Total dryuta, which disabled a man and his descendants 
from the exercise of all civil functions, but did not touch his 
property. 

(C.) Partial d7:ula, disabling a man from the exercise of certain 
defined acts. 


60 See on Lys. iv. 1. 209, and on v. 1. 558. Plutarch, Glor. Ath. 379. 

61 Xenophon (Hell. 2, 4, 43) says, Tods wév orpatnyovls és Adyous 
€Obvras dméxrevay. 

62 We learn, however, that certain persons remained under partial 
drula for the part they had taken. For instance, those who served in 
the cavalry under the Thirty were incapable of speaking in the Ecclesia or 
serving in the Boulé. Andoc. Myst. § 75. 


IL. 367 


(A.) A man might be indebted to the State in the following 
ways :— 
(1.) By being cast in a suit on his audit (ev@vvas). 
(2.) Or for contempt of court (éfouAas). 
(3.) Or in public suits (ypagas). 
(4.) Or having been summarily convicted and fined by a 
magistrate (ér¢SoA7y). 
(5.) Or oe purchased a contract for some tax and failed 
to pay the treasury (dvds). 
(6.) Or by having given bail to the State. 

All such debtors were bound to pay in the ninth Prytany 
from the time of incurring the debt (i.¢. in the third month), 
or to pay double, and to have their property confiscated for the 
satisfaction of the debt. 


a Total dériufa excluded a man and his descendants from 
all civil functions, and was incurred by the following crimes 
(among others) :— 


(1.) Theft, or taking bribes («Xorjs . pur ). 

(2.) Military offences, leaving his proper aL (Aecroraéia), 
not joining the army (derpareia), cowardice (decMia), 
not joining his ship (dvavuayiov), throwing away his 
shield (dowidos dxo8oX7). 

(3.) Having three times given false evidence (ypevdouap- 


Tupiwy). 

(4.) Having three times made a false endorsement on a 
summons (evdox\nreias). 

(5.) Ill-treatment of parents (rods yovéas xaxGs racetv). 


(C.) Partial driula, inflicted for particular reasons and con- 
sisting of definite disabilities. For instance :— 

(1.) Men who had served under the Thirty were disabled 
from speaking in the Ecclesia, or being members of 
the Boule. 

(2.) Some were disabled from acting as prosecutors in 
public indictments. 

(3.) Some from laying an information (&deréts). 

(4.) Some from sailing to the Hellespont or to Ionia. 

(5.) Some from entering the Agora. 


This is not of course an exhaustive list either of the ways in 
which ariuia could be incurred, or the various degrees in which 
it was inflicted. But an attentive study of the passage, of 
which a réswmé is here given, will convey a sufficiently clear 
idea of the subject, and will be a great help towards under- 
standing more than one passage in these speeches. 


368 APPENDICES. 


III. 
MONEY. 


For the calculation of the various sums of money mentioned 
in these speeches, the following simple table will perhaps be 


useful :— 
6 obols = 1 drachma 
100 drachme = 1 mina 
60 mine (6000 dr.) = 1 talent 


The talent-and mina were not coins but sums, and were 
used as symbols in the calculation of coins. The standard coin 
was the drachma (about 10d.), and was, with its multiples, 
silver. When a numeral like dioxfca is used without any 
coin being added, dpaxual is always to be understood. 

Besides this we have two gold coins alluded to—(1) the daric 
(v. 1. 72), which was reckoned as worth twenty Attic drachme ; 
(2) the Cyzikene stater (ib.), which at any rate in the Bos- 
porus was worth twenty-eight Attic drachme (Demosth. 914) ; 
whether it was of that value universally does not seem certain, 
though perhaps Demosthenes’ words (éxe? é5tvaro) may imply 
that it was not. The Attic stater was worth twenty drachme. 
See x. 1. 260. 

The Athenian silver coinage was purer than that of most 
other States, though at times attempts were made to debase it. 
See Arist. Ran. 717 sq. 

Down to the half-obol it was of silver, not copper, which 
helps to explain that curious habit often alluded to by Aristo- 
phanes of putting small change in the mouth. See Equit. 51. 
Pax, 645. Vespex, 609. Aves, 503, Eccles. 818. Theophrast. 
Char. vi. 


iLVi 
HARPOCRATION’S LEXICON. 


The following speeches of Lysias are quoted by Harpocration 
(fl. circa 350 A.D.) Those printed in thick type are extant. 
Those to which an asterisk is prefixed are, according to him, of 
doubtful genuineness ; those to which two asterisks are prefixed 
are sometimes referred to by him as doubtful (ei yvyjovos éore) 
sometimes without any mark of doubt. 


Aisxlyny, mpbs. * ArNeElSnuov, mpés. 
Aloxivov, xara. *duBrddoews, tepl Tijs. 
** AXkiBiddnv, apés. *” AySox(Sov, card. 


**” AdkBiddou, kara. ** AvSoxldny, mpos. 





YTV. 


’Avdporiwvos, kard. 

Adrdvipov cat Ilv@éou, xara 

dvridbcews, wept. [(Eevlas). 

’Apécavdpov, mpos. 
**A nucrodjuou ypadhy, mpods 

Thy (Stapaprupla). 
ee. “Aptoroxparny, pos. 
veropavots XpnLdrov, 

* Aglwva. mpés. _—‘ [jwept Tayv. 
’Acwrliwpov, pbs. 

*Baxxelov cal Iv0aydpou, brép. 
Barpdxou péivov, wept Tov. 

*Bowrév, mpos. 

Trat’cwva, mpds. 

Acéiov, tarép (drocractov). 
**Anuocbévous, Kard (értTpo- 
** Avoyévny, pbs. [7jjs). 

Atoyévous, Kar 

Acoyévous KXjpou, tmepé. 

Awodérov, Kara. 

Avoxdpn, pds. 

Alwva, mpos. 

*earyunOijxns Nbyos wept Tijs. 
elcgopas, wept Tijs. 
émiraguor. 
émitpémous T&v Bodvos mat- 

Swr, mpds Tous. 

*EparooSévous, kara. 

*EparooSévous, izrép. 

épwrikds NOyos. 

*Ereoxdéa, mpés. 
evepyectav, wept TOv ldtwv. 
Ev@odixou, xard. 

Evduxdéous, xard.. 

*Evxplrov, trép. 

Hvrel@ny, mpés. 

Evdjpou, xara. 

*Hynodydpou xrjpou, mept Tod. 
Texdnptov Tav Maxaprarou 

Xpnuarwv, rept. 
**Ocopvirrov, Kara. 

*OcoreOH, mpos. 

Ocorbutrov, mepl. 
** @pacuBovdov, kara. 





369 


‘Inmrobpony, mpds. 
Kadvxdéa, mpés. 
KadXlov, irép. 
Kandnycrlinv, pds. 
*Kadvdrddvnv, mpéos. 
Kwyolav, mpds (2 speeches). 
Kduviay, mpés. 
Kpirédnuov, mpéds. 
Krnowdpxov, wrép. 
*xuvds, wept Tod (dmodoyia). 
*Aatda, mpéos. 
Aaxpdrny, mpds. 
Aenrtivny, mpbs. 
AvowGéou, kard. 
Mayriov, xard. 
Médovra, mpés. 

**Miécdjuov, mpos Thy ypadiv. 
Mynctuaxov, mpés. 

Méoxovu, xara. 
*Nixapxov, mpés. 

**Nixldov, card. 

**Nixlou, xara (apylas). 
Niklov, card (pédvov), 
Nexddnuov xat KperdBovdor, 
Nixopax Gov, Kata.) [spés. 


*Odvptiakds, Adyos. 
*Ovouakdéouvs Ovyarpés, zepi 
Tlootdlamov, card. [7jjs. 


*TIv065npuov, wpés. 
*bntopwv vowov, Kara Tar. 
onkod, trepl Tod. 
*orpatiirov, tepl Tod.” 
Zrparokdéous, Kard. 
*Zworparov, mpds. 
*TeNapcvos, Kara. 
**Didlarov, card (€mirporys). 
Diroxparnv, mpéos. 
Prdoxparous, kard. 
*S idovSov, kata.® 
**Douvixou Ovyarpos, b7rép. 
*Xatpéorparov, mpés. 





émisto\h mpos TloduKparny 
kar ’Eurédou. 


1 See kara Nixoudxou, § 11. 
2 (?) the same as the brép Tod orparidsrov (Or. 3). 
3 (2) kara Pidwvos (Or. 81). 


2a8 


370 APPENDICES. 


ve 


THE OATH TAKEN BY THE ATHENIAN DICASTS. 
PRESERVED IN DEMOSTHENES, 746. 


‘I will vote in accordance with the laws and the decrees of 
the Demus of the Athenians, and of the Boulé of the Five 
Hundred. 

‘That a tyrant should be I will not vote, nor an oligarchy ; 
nor, if any try to abolish the Demus of the Athenians, or speak 
or put to the vote aught contrary to these things, will I hearken 
to him. 

‘Nor a cancelling of private debts, nor a redistribution of 
land or houses of the Athenians. 

‘I will not recall those in exile, nor those on whom sentence 
of death has been passed. Neither those who are abiding will 
I banish contrary to the existing laws and the decrees of the 
Demus of the Athenians,—I will not do so myself, nor suffer 
others so to do. 

‘I will not confirm an office so that a man hold it before he 
have passed his audit for another office, whether one of the nine 
Archons, or sacred Recorder, or whatever offices are balloted for 
this day with the nine Archons,—whether herald, or ambas- 
sador, or deputies.! 

‘I will not vote that the same man hold the same office twice, 
nor that the same man hold two offices in the same year. 

‘I will receive no gifts on account of my service in court,— 
neither myself nor any other man or woman for me, by any 
means or contrivance whatsoever. 

‘T am not under thirty years of age. 

‘J will listen to the accuser and the defendant both alike. 

‘TI will give my vote on the question at issue, and none other. 

‘I swear by Zeus Poseidon Derneter: I invoke utter destruc- 
tion on myself and my house? if I transgress aught of these 
things, and many blessings if I keep my oath.’ 


1 gtvedpot, t.c. members of the Congress of States sitting at Athens 
after B.c. 377. See Dict. of Antiq. 
2 Compare the comic oath in Aristoph. Ran. 586 :— 
aN’ Hv oe TOO Novrod tor’ dpéAwuae xpdvou 
mpdppifos avros, ) yuvh, Ta malda 
Kdkior’ atroXolunv. 





4 [The References are to the NOTES by the number of Speech and 
- Line, except where the page (p.) or section (§) is notified.j 


INDICES. 


L 


PROPER NAMES AND SUBJECTS. 


ACCUSATIVE absolute, 2, 98,115; 
3, 15; 4, 5; 6, 5995 7, 49, 
77; 15, 14, 32: ace. of limit- 
ation, 1, 7; 11, 18; cognate 
ace. represented by vatra, 5, 
192; after verbs of accusing, 
of the offence, 13, 153. 

Acropolis, occupied by Spartans, 
6, 319; treasury on, p. 193: 
3, 35. 

Adriatic, the, 16, 214. 

Adeimantus, 7, 293. 

adultery, punishment of, 6, 465. 

gospotami, 6, 33-4. 

Aeschylides, 5, 337; p. 361. 

age, coming of, 4, 209; 8, 163; 
10, 86; 16, 207. 

Agesilaus, 8, 124. 

Agora, shops round the, 13, 150; 
living near, 10, 376. 

Alcibiades (the elder), 5, 295; 
his second disgrace, 7, 272; 
his subsequent conduct, 7, 
287; feeling at Athens to- 
wards, 7, 123; characteristic 
remark about his son, 7, 205; 
false charge against, about 
¥gospotami, 7, 293; his pedi- 
gree, 7, 305; his connection 





and profanation of the Mys- 
teries, 7, 318; his command 
of Athenian ships, 10, 346; 
his death, 10, 351. 

Alcibiades (the younger), pp. 
272-33 7, 201, 210. 

Anacoluthon, 5, 256; 10, 88. 

Antalcidas, 10, 75, 332; 11, 
100; 15, 174. 

Antiphon, 5, 295, 460. 

antithetical sentences, 6, 186; 
13, 118. 

Anytus, 6, 555. 

aorist infin. after verbs of 
threatening, promising, etc., 
6, 98: aor. subj., 1, 28 ; 14, 
130. 

Apollodorns, 2, 24. 

arbitration, 4, 36. 

Archebiades, 7, 208. 

Archeneos, 5, 107. 

Archidemus, 7, 191. 

Archiptolemus, 5, 295, 460. 

Archon, the king A., 2, 148; 
12, 15: the Polemarch, 12, 7. 

archonship obtained by lot, 13, 
99 ; qualifications for, 1. 

Areopagus, pp. 197-8; 4, 70-2, 
209; 5, 471; p. 356. 


with the mutilation of Hermz | Arginusez, 5, 252, 367. 


372 
Argives protect the exiles, 5, 
674. 


Aristocrates, 5, 457. 

Aristophanes, s. of Nicophemus, 
10, 37. 

arrest, summary, 4, 60. 

Artemis, temple of, in Muny- 
chia, pp. 252, 364. 

article as pronoun, 5, 9; 10, 
409; 12, 54. 

attraction of relative pronoun, 
AAS Ds OQ LO ak, 
88; 14, 126. 


Batracuvus, 5, 337; p. 361. 

birth, importance of, 4, 156; 6, 
124, 

Beotians, 5, 407; 15, 174. 

Boulé under the ‘Thirty,’ 5, 
130; p. 860; yearly, 11, 66; 
ote 5. 108, 

Byzantium, 10, 346; 14, 23, 48. 

burial, importance of, 5, 680; 
6, 311; 10, 415; ceremonies 
at, 16, 60. 

business, public, interest in, 8, 


CALLAESCHRUS, 5, 453. 

Calliades, 15, 110. 

Callibius, 6, 319. 

Callius, s. of Hipponichus, 10, 
310. 

Cannonus, psephisma of, 5, 367. 

Chalcedon,- 10, 346. 

Chalcis, 13, 187. 

cheapness of living at Athens, 
16, 165, 245. 

Chersonese, 16, 46. 

Chremon, 15, 93. 

Cleophon, 6, 55, 82; 10, 315; 
LS ses 

clerk of Prytanes, 15, 233. 

clubs, 5, 305. 





INDICES. 


Cnidus, battle of, 8, 121; 10, 
186. 


comparatives, double, 10, 94. 
Conon, 10, 75, 266. 
contribution from the allies, col- 
lection of, 14, introd.; 14, 28. 
Corinthian war, 8, 117, 120. 
Coroneia, battle of, 8, 124. 
corruption of Athenian officials, 
15, 201. 
cowardice, punishment of, 4, 4. 
Critias, death of, 5, 371. 
Ctesicles, 3, 28. 
Cyzicus, 10, 346. 


Damniprvs, 5, 82. 

dative, of the agent, 5, 256; 
after verba accusandi, 12, 24. 

Decelea, 7, 227; 12, 13; p. 
360. 

dedication of spoils, 4, 186. 

Democrats, moderation of, 5, 
558; p. 366; in exile, 5, 674. 

Demus, 10, 164. 

dicasts, 6, 245. 

Dionysia, the, 16, 174. 

Dionysius of Syracuse, 10, 119. 

Dionysodorus, 6, 85. 

Diotimus, 10, 328.. 

divorce, 7, 215. 

dowries, 6, 312; 8, 74; 10, 403. 

Draco, laws of, 9, 24. 

Dracontides, 5, 502; p. 360. 

dress, 4, 61. 


Exevsis, 5, 367. 

Eleven, the, 4, 60; 11, 11; p. 
362. 

enemies, duty of injuring 3 
TISis 751 45. 

Ephesus, 16, 54. 

ephors, at Athens, 5, 305, 321; 


p. 359. 
Epichares, 5, 381. 


i, 
' Jess, Professor R. C., pp. 193, 


Eratosthenes, pp. 230-1; 4, 209. 

Eubulus, 10, 189. 

Eunomus, 10, 120, 155. 

euphemism for death, 10, 335 ; 
16, 47. 

Evagoras, 10, 75, 125, 131. 

Exchequer, Athenian, see Re- 
venue; poverty of, 10, 66, 
332; 14, 19, 77. 


Frszs, regulations as to, 3, 214. 

final clauses, tenses in, 5, 315. 

Four Hundred, the, 2, 23; 5, 
295, 447, 457. 

freedmen, 1, 28; 2, 64. 

future perf., 1, 28 ; 15, 192; fut. 
in orat. obL, 6, 174. 


Gamatine, 7, 209; 8, 82. 

genitive of part, 6, 61; 7, 82; 
of time within which, 7, 9; 
after &dxotw, 7,178; of thing 
claimed, 9, 48, 63; of price, 
15, 154. 


Hatrartus, expedition to, 8, 
94. 


Halicarnassus, 14, 88. 

Hermz, the street, 12, 15. 

Hippocies, 5, 81. 

Hippomachus, 7, 215. 

Hippothoontis, 12, 13. 

house, Greek, 5, 104; poorness 
of, 10, 199. 


IMPERATIVE aor., 5, 419. 

infinitive with 4», 2, 33 (vide 
Gy); in orat. obliq., 4, 39; 
for imperat., 4, 104, 113. 

informers, 1, 29. 

invasions of Attica, 2, 37. 

Ischomachus, 10, 298. 





373 
196, 197, 198, 213, 231, etc. 
Krrywa, 9, 48. 


Lamacuts, 6, 469. 

Lampitra, 5, 381. 

law courts, duty of attending, 4, 
70. 

Leuké Acté, 7, 210. 

Libys, 5, 405. 

limitations, statute of, 2, 115, 
285. 

litotes, 5, 145; 6, 186; 9, 77; 
10, 154, 245; 16, 178. 

long walls, 6, 61; 5, 288; pp. 
357-8. 

Lysander, death of, 8, 94. 

Lysias, arrested, p. 231; be- 
comes a speech-writer, 5, 15 ; 
life of, see Introduction. 


Metostvs, 5, 76. 
Metics, p. 193; 1, 9; 3, 18; 
5, 40. 
military service, list for, 3, 18; 
age for, 7, 43. 
Miltiades, of Sparta, 5, 496. 
Mnesitheides, 5, 76. 
money, 5, 72; 9, 63; 
of, at Athens, 10, 64, 332. 
mourning clothes, 6, 276. 
Munychia, 6, 167; p. 364. 


Navropic&, the, 9, 31. 

negative, emphatic position of, 
4, 148. 

Nicias and Nicomenes, 6, 159. 

Nicomachus or Nicomachides, 
15, 85, 97. 

Nicophemus, 10, 37. 

Notium, battle of, 4; 262. 


374 


OatH of dicasts, 7, 172, 311, 
355; 8, 723; 11, 50. Ap- 
pend. V. 

olives, p. 197; time of planting, 
2, 69; revival of, 2, 160. 

oratio obliqua, tenses in, 4, 166; 
5, 316; 6, 62, 174; 10, 164; 
12, 20. 

Oreus, 7, 201. 

orphans, farming out of their 
estates, 16, introd.; exempt 
from liturgies for a year, 16, 
207; property not to be in- 
vested in bottomry, 16, 213. 

Orthobulus, 8, 94. 


PaRENTs, ill-usage of, indict- 
able, 10, 374; p. 367. 

Patrocles, 5, 295. 

patronymic for surname, 
189; 15, 85: 

Pausanias, p. 197; 5, 405. 

Peisander, 2, 23; 5, 295, 453. 

Peireus, 6, 34; fort built at 
entrance of, 5, 457; Thra- 
sybulus in, p. 364. 

Peison, 5, 40. 

perfect expressed by periphrasis, 
indie., 16, 93; future, 15, 
195; optat., 5, 573; pluperf. 
by periphrasis, 2, 138. 

perfect pass. as middle, 2, 72 ; 
He NOV lower LOs he ok ZOs 
16, 229, 232. 

Pericles, 5, 27. 

Pheidon, p. 281; 4, 209; 5, 
872, 381. 

Philius, 3, 28. 

Philochares, 5, 496. 

phratria, enrolment of children 
in PLO Ls 

Phrynichus, 2, 23; 5, 295; 6, 
124; murderers of, 6, 488. 

Phyle, p. 231. 

Plateans, 12, 3, 108. 


10, 





INDICES. 


Polyenus, p. 211. 

police in Athens, 15, 10. 

prices at Athens (provisions), 16, 
165 ; (tombs), ib. 171; (amb), 
ib. 176; (houses and land), 
10, 194. 

Polytion, 7, 208. 

Prytanes, the, 11, 8; 14, 61; 
15, 37. 

punishment, deterrent, 7, 88; 
11, 146. 

Pyrilampes, 10, 163. 

Pythodorus, 2, 60. 


RELIGION, use of State, p. 197. 

relative, meaning expressed by, 
, 30. 

resort, places of, at Athens, 12, 
15, 16; 13, 147. 

revenue, Athenian, sources of, 
pe yea 


SaLamis, 5, 367. 

Satyrus, 8, 24; 15, 93. 

Scrutiny, 6, 65; 7, 75. 

Shield, loss of, p. 220. 

Shops, round the Agora, 18, 
150; places for loungers, 12, 
15; 18, 147. 

‘simple,’ ‘silly,’ 3, 9. 

slander, law of, 3, 51; penalty 
of, p. 220. 

slaves, i. 28-37; 2, 112; object 
of offering for torture of, 2, 
223; emancipated for inform- 
ing against their masters, 1, 
39; 2, 235; their hold over 
their masters, 5, 56; em- 
ployed in workshops, 5, 56. 

Solon, laws of, 4, 103; 9, 24. 

Sostratus, 8, 75. 

Spartans, loan repaid to, 15, 174. 

Sphettus, deme, 9, 48. 

Stanley, A. P., quoted, p. 197. 


IL. 


Staters, Attic and Cyzikene, 10, 
264 ; p. 368. 
Steiria, 8, 123. 
Strategi, duties of, 3, 18; oath 
of, 2, 87. 
Strombichides, 6, 85; 15, 110. 
subjunctive in sentences de- 
on historic tense, 5, 
173; 8 41, 115. 
Suniades, 2, 69; p. 198. 


Tasers, 3, 35; 8, 35. 
Ten, the, p. 231; 5, 372, 405. 
Theatre in Mun 6, 220. 
Thebes and Platza, 12, 108. 
ee 
es 
p. 220. 
viawecas. 2 146, 295, 426; 
defence of himself, 5, 530; 
2 


loyalty of, questioned, Ve 482 
jected on scrutiny, 6, 65. 


Thrasybulus, of Steiria, 5, 295, 
349, 364, 371, 407; 8, 123; 
death of, 14, 23. 

Thrasybulus and Apollodorus, 


ayawiferdar ie , 418, 633. 
Gdoxtuacros, 7, 55; 8, 101. 
aicxtvoua:, 13, 68 ; ‘le, 100, 135. 
airéw, 13, 86. 

alriés rir, 10, 343. 








375 
assassins of Phrynichus, 6, 
506. 


16, 36, 54. 
Three Thousand, the, 15, 117. 
time the test of truth, 16, 418. 
Timotheus, 10, 223. 
Tiribazus, 10, 75, 332. 
Tisamenas, 15, 227. 
trees in Attica, pp. 197-8. 


2, 209; expense of, 
16, 239. 
trireme, public, 10, 159. 


Xenophon of deme Icaria, 6, 
372. 

Xenophon, s. of Euripides, 10, 
88. 


YEAR, the Attic, p. 198, note; 


dxotew, xaxas, 4, 74, cf. 141; 
with gen. 7,178 ; of common 
report, 10, 29, 91, 293. 

Experos, 10, 47. 

aNicxopa:, 10, 20. 

adiripios, 6, 563. 


376 


Gddus re kal, 2, 41; 14, 32. 

’AXwirexjGev, 10, 102. 

aod yé mov, 13, 156. 

duu Bnrety, 12, 70. 

Apdirporaeds, 6, 383. 

dv, with relative words, 1, 8: 
with the infinitive, 2, 33; 6, 
149, 348 ; 7, 7: with pluper- 
Sect, 2,138: omitted, 2,116 ; 
4, 166: omitted with é&v 
and similar words, 2, 175: 
after verbs of fearing, 6, 851: 
position in the sentence, 5, 
590. 

avdBnh, 5, 167, 331; 8, 105. 

dvaypaperOar, 3, 43; dvaypa- 
gets, 15, 18; dvaypagy, 15, 
129 ; dvaypagw, 15, 151. 

*Avaryupdovos, 6, 515. 

dvayxaia, 13, 120. 

avadvec Oa, 18, 119. 

avabéuevos, 4, 132. 

avdOnua, 10, 258. 

avakahéw, 3, 37. 

dvaketua, 4, 186. 

avdxpiots, 5, 167; 11, 20; 13, 
OLS TO AO. 

dvanioxew, 18, 32; dvddwua, 
16, 161. 

dvaravecOa, 6, 77. 

dvapatvoua, 7, 82. 

avdparodiorhs, 4, 64. 

avéxdoros, 6, 312. 

aveyrds, 6, 5. 

avriypagpecbar, 12, 29. 

avridtxos, 2, 89; 38, 1: Gy, 9, 
49, 

avrldoais, 13, 61. 

avrlypaga, 16, 52. 

Gytixpus, 6, 552. 

avritapBdver Oar, 14, 111. 

dvrwuocla, 12, 95. 

Gitos, 11, 61. 

décovmevos, 15, 272. 

amdyew, dmaywyh, 4, 60-4. 

admandd\dooerOar, 1, 28; 14, 60. 





INDICES. 


dmredéuny, 5, 706. 

aevreiv, 5, 

ameNevGepos, 2, 64. 

amépxouwa, 11, 110. 

aml\Xew, 4, 117. 

dmroBadrew rhv domlia, 4, 57. 

amoBiérw, 1, 39. 

amoypagpew, 9, 35; 10, 332: 
-ecbat, 5, 56, 

amoypaph, 2, 10, 200; 3, 16; 
9, 13. 

amobéxerOar, 7, 184; 10, 36. 

drobaveiv ‘to be put to death,’ 
4,181; 6, 474; 10, 37. 

aroxrelvw, 5, 460; 6, 13. 

amodatew, 14, 44. 

amoroyncacba, 14, 66. 

dtrouicbéw, 2, 59. 

améppyrov, 4, 37 3 év dmroppyre, 
6, 144. 

dmoro\uar, 2, 192. 

dmoruuravifey, 6, 397. 

dropaivw, 10, 208, 266, 272. 

apyuporoyelv, 14, 23, 88. 

apéoxew, 10, 80. 

dperal, 7, 140. 

dpxatémAouros, 10, 321. 

dpxatot vduor, 14, 36. 

dpxetoy, 3, 53. 

apxy, 7, 4,90 ; 5,43; && dpxis, 
9, 11; 10, 898; 16, 27. 

dpxovres ‘corn inspectors,’ 11, 
36 ; ‘magistrates’ generally, 
14, 72'; cf. 15,°35. 

doedya@s, 138, 112. 

dorpaBn, 13, 80. 

dorv, 5, 371, 376, 640; 6, 165, 
572; 16, 63. 

&riwos THs médews, 5, 149. 

atdevos Opa, 5, 104. 

a’rixa, 10, 298, 488 ; 15, 154. 

avropwpy, él, 2, 286; 4, 60- 
4; 6, 212, 604. 

adatpéw, construction of, 5, 671; 
14, 58, 100. 

dpavhs ovola, 16, 31. 


IL 377 


agarifew, 15, 274. 


abut gpe 6, 174. 
Bdcavos, evidence of slaves, op- 

posed to udprupes, 2, 248. 
BeArlav xix Bedribver, 4, 156. 
Bua, 4, 101, 138 ; 5, 167. 
Bla:a, 12, 85. 
BidteoOat, 3, 91. 
BonOéw 7a Sixa:a, 1, 7, 15, 25. 
Bovietew Bovrjy, 6, 137. 


Tapnuren, 9, 51. 

yAduev, 7, 191. 

epn, opinio, 4, 144; cf. 8, 87. 
yepoves, 2, 45. 

your, 4, 143; 6, 636. 
ypdupara, 8, 49. 

ypagy ‘a writing,’ 3, 37. 


Savelfav, -erGa:, 9, 12-15; 6. 
éxi tun, 10, 164. 

6amravay 71, 15, 149. 

Gapexol, 5, 72. 

dewés * clever,’ 10, 5; ‘ difficult,’ 
10, 29. 

6avérara rdoxew, 2, 152. 

AexeXerdfer, 12, 13. 

6évopa repeiv, 7, 247. 

déov, 2, 98. 

6h, 6, 11, 676; 8, 97; 12, 38: 
éyrov, 2, 156; 4, 48, 622; 
13, 102. 

Shunos, 6, 6, 397. 

sarraglae 13, 147. 

soci , 1, 33; 5, 129; 9, 


Se 15, 10. 

Smuoreterbat, 12, 10. 

dcaBeSryuévos ‘discredited,’ 2, 
LS1=°7; 200;.337, 





d:aBorH, 10, 17. 

diaypddgerba, 9, 51. 

dcadéxoua, 13, 41. 

&adixacia, 9, 10. 

écadixacua, 9, 81. 

Siasra, 16, 14. 

datyrys, 4, 36. 

dcaxecuévos andas, 8, 9. 

d:axéowro, 6, 556. 

dcadauBdvew, 7, 29. 

dtapaprupia, 12, 98. 

dcavévew, 10, 243. 

d:arXeiv, 5, 111. 

étarpdocecOa, 2, 84. 

dcariber Oa (testamentum facere), 
6, 280; 2, 255; ‘reduce,’ 6, 
72. 


dcarpeBas roeicOa, 8, 82. 

dcadéperba, 4, 41: dcagéporra, 
td, 16, 1. 

dapbetpoua, 2, 93; 6, 135. 

Sapigucrs, 5, 238. 

dteiNexTo, passive Me 3, 28. 

dixaoy Kal Scrov, 6 19. 

Bixasds eipn, 3, 55. 

dixalwors, 3, 46. 

duxdfew, a etice 3, 12; 9, 48. 

dixn, ypagh, 6 8, 89. 

Gixa, 9, 24. 

dolxions, 16, 112. 

Sox, ol, 6, 245. 

Scwpocia, 4, 73. 

doxety, opp. to Te Epyy, 5, 43. 

Soxtudvew, 8,19; -ecOat, 8, 56; 
16, 207. 


see 5 37 ; ‘ 105, fs é. 
cal é« Sobhea, 6, 124, 

& oty, 10, 139. 

Sivas for -pets, 5, 92. 

éwaorea, 3, 78. 


Bovdsuny dv, 5, 154, 600. 
éyyeous, 16, 117. 


378 


éeyyvaoua, 6, 162. 
éyxkAnua, 4, 154; 8, 78; 16, 
61. 


@do7re, 13, 46. 

ef wh, 5, 419. 

elOiora, 7, 234. 

elep, 2, 83; 5, 186, 218. 

eioayyédrev, 4, 4. 

elodyew els Tovs Ppatopas, 15, 
5 

elompdrrecOa, 7, 205. 

elogopd, 5, 140; 2, 209; 10, 
pan Waar} eres We. a 7 

éx TOO Otxatov, 10, 54. 

éxBdadrdev, 16, 112. 

exdidwu, 8, 74; 16, 64. 

exduxagew, 9, 51. 

exknptoceyv, 5, 348, 672. 

éxxrAnodgev, augment of, 5, 
503. 

éxxémrev, 2, 48. 

éxméurew ‘divorce,’ 7, 215. 

éurimrev, 6, 549; 16, 78. 

éxtioa, 3, 55. 

éexpépev, 10, 199. 

éexgopd, 5, 609. 

édéyxetv tepi Tivos, 2, 242. 

éXevbepia, 6, 113. 

€duxr Apes, 5, 182. 

éuBpaxet, 6, 668. 

éurroptkal dixat, 9, 51. 

éurropot, 11, 124. 

év with dat. of time, 15, 204. 

évderées, 4, 60. 

évdexa,4, 60; 11, 11, ete. 

évdov, 10, 147, 304. 

évn xal véa, 12, 41. 

évybpws, 15, 274. 

évrés, 3, 57. 

éfdyew, 4, 64; 6, 472; 15, 24. 

éfapetoOar, 12, 76. 

éfaretoOa, 7, 148. 

éfarelgw, 8, 101; 15, 166. 

éfeyyuay, 12, 67. 

éfeorw, ols, 6, 515. 

étoorpaxitew, 7, 303, 





INDICES. 


éfumnperetv, 5, 161. 

érayyédNec Oat, 5, 482. 

érrait.os, -wratos, 2, 263. 

éreyyuay, 4, 1138. 

érea, 5, 334; 6, 718; 8, 35; 
(pea titey 

érepyacac ba, 
163, 196. 

éml, with acc., 5, 609 ; with dat. 
ess 2, 110; 1276501645 
Oy AO aides! dy Ole. ext 
Tie ylyvec Oat, 5,180: émt rov- 
Tos, 12, 62: with gen. émi 
II. dpxovros, 2, 60; 9, 28; 
10, 189; él r&v rpidkovra, 
138, 187 ; émt rv Terpaxociwy, 
5, 295; 6, 13; émt rode rijs 
Bovdfjs, 11, 66: 7d ém’ Exewor, 
6, 407: émi rodro, 14, 103: 
TO émt Tovrows evar, 14, 106. 

értBory, 8, 64; 15, 24. 

émBovrever Oa (pass.) 5, 314. 

éemvypaperOa, 9, 63. 

érdelxvum, 8, 104. 

érinueiv, 8, 19. 

érdidwm, of marriage portion, 
8, 74; 10, 96, 107; 16, 48, 
64; of voluntary gift, 15, 
214, 

epydgerOar xpjuara, 16, 32. 

épyacriptov, 5, 56. 

‘Eppas, rovs, 12, 15. ~ 

écxara, Td, 6, 418; 15, 190. 

ératpela, raipot, 5, 305, 355. 

€8 modv, 13, 124, 

etyOela, 3, 9. 

eUOuva or evOdvn, 4, 180. 

eSOuvat, eUOvva, 8, 61; 18, 197 ; 
15, 28. 

evA\dyws opp. to ev’mperds, 5, 
52 


érepyacia, 2, 


evpécOa, 7, 148. 

evrenela, 15, 166. 

&pnBos, 4, 209 ; 7, 43; 8, 63. 
épiynots, 4, 60-4, 

épbdia, 8, 109. 


Il. 


Edopo (Athenian), 5, 305, 321, 
522. 
éxew ‘hold in pawn,’ 14, 38. 
&xOpay, rpés, 3, 86. 

éxOpods xax@s rocety, 3, 119. 
Exorres, of, 8, 110. 

éws, with optat. 6, 173. 


tnpla, 16, 218. 
&nusotcba, &, 47. 


éri Sterés, 4, 209. 
fxcora (ovx), 16, 178. 
4 wot ye, 2, 53. 
arrdss (legal), 9, 48. 


Cepdtrav, 1, 37; 2, 105, 112, 
224, 


t, demonstrative, 2, 3; 6, 6; 
ET ie 

éducsrys, 1, 19. 

tepdcunos, 16, 166. 

*Ixaneds, 6, 372. 

indriov, 4, 61: & pédaz, 6, 276. 

tva, with indic., 2, 118. 

trmapxo, 8, 59. 

imrevew, 10, 441. 

irriuch, 13, 68. 

icov, rd, ‘no worse,’ 5, 246: é 
tcov, 13, 64. 


xaiioxon, 6, 254. 

xaBapas, 6, 413. 

xa@joGas, 14, 41. 

xal 67, 4, 25; 5, 204; 10, 343: 
kal py, 5, 186: Kai pov, 10, 
102 715, SO: 

kdxwov, 10, 93. 

Kaxoupyos, 6, 552. 

xdwnXos, 11, 163. 





379 


carayew, 5, 401. 

Kataytyreckew, 10, 61. 

caradixdtec@a, 9, 28; 12, 100. 

xaraxuBetew, 7, 209. 

kararéyew, 3, 18; 7, 44; 16, 
86. 

xarddoyos, 5, 112, 568; 8, 19. 

KaTapaprupely, 

kararepafey, 15, 269. 

xatrarXei, 14, 32. 

xatarovritey, 7, 210. 

xaracxédacra, 4, 158. 

Katrackevdfoua, 13, 150. 

xaracrdaces, 8, 4. 

xararifec@a, 11, 64. 

Karaxoprryéw, 10, 272. 

xarayevdec@a, 8, 61; 10, 328. 

xatayngiverta, 4, 206 ; 7, 82. 

xarépxoua ‘return,’ 5, 31; 6, 
444; 7, 233: ‘go down from 
the Asty,’ 6, 156. 

Karrpyopew epi twos, 2, 145. 

Karryopnpéva, rd, 10, 68. 

xeAXevo, 1, 4. 

xedaraias, év, 6, 237. 

xeddAaov, 10, 264. 

kndecrhs, 6, 5, 10; 10, 50, 74, 
100, 319; 15, 10, 39; 16, 
10, 39. 

xywaia Gupa, 5, 104. 

Kngiceds, 15, 81. 

xlBwros, 5, 67. 

Kixwyot, 9, 48. 

xwéuvetew wepl twos, 1,13; 2, 
103. 

xlyéuvos ‘a charge,’ 2, 262. 

xAnpévopuos, 16, 202. 

KAnpoteda, 13, 99. 

xowd, 7d, 15, 186. 

xouay, 8, 150. 

xogpulws wepépyerOa, 8, 157. 

xoupetov, 12, 15. 

xplows (= dvdxpors), 11, 20. 

xtBo, 8, 82. 

Kufixnvol, 5, 72. 

xtpBes, 4, 103; 15, 133. 


380 


kvptot, 8, 663 15, 235, 
kwpdgev, 7, 192. 


Aayxdvew Slknv, 9, 28, 51, 72; 
sh ed ee I 

AapBavew, interpretari, 4, 86. 

Aaprrpeds, 5, 381. 

Aecroupyety, 2, 209. 

Aevxh dxry, 7, 210. 

AevKwua, 3, 35. 

Ajuua kal dvddwua, 16, 161. 

Ankvapxixdyv, 76, 4, 209. 

Auroraklov, 7, 32. 

AoylferPa, 10, 335. 

Aoyorroety, 8, 85; 11, 101. 

Abyous movetcOa, 7, 260; 11, 5, 
20, 95; ‘to investigate,’ 16, 
92. 

Aordopet, 3, 51, 104. 

Avew, AverOa, 5, 144; 
403. 

Awsrodurns, 4, 60-4; 6, 474. 


10, 


Marakla, 4, 70. 

Kaprvpou.a, 12, 60. 

HéAw, constr. of, 2, 164; 10, 
172. 

pHeulcOwxa, 9, 48. 

pewtcOwpévor, 2, 72; 9, 69. 

pév, emphatic, 1,8; 8, 11; 5, 
327 


pécavros Ovpa, 5, 104. 

pera Tivos ‘on the side of,’ 2, 
248 ; 7, 16. 

peraxepl{oua, 13, 72. 

Herotkely, werolxiov, uéroixos, 1, 


v4, with infin. after negative 
verbs, 2, 126; in indefinite 
sentences, 6, 357. 

pnview, unvural, 1, 39; 6, 14. 

puxpdv SiaréyerOa, 8, 157. 

Hévos, with superl., 13, 58, 

Movvuxlact, 6, 167, 385, 





INDICES. 


pcbbw, ulcOwars otkov, 16, 193. 
Hbpiat, 2, 45; p. 197. 
Muppwotcros, 10, 96. 


vauTiKd, 16, 41. 

veavlas, veavievaOa, 4, 192. 

véuetOat, 8, 74; 10, 298; 16, 
31 


véos, 18, 124. 

voulfev, 5, 62: Ta vomfoueva, 
16, 60. 

vouddera, 7, 22. 

vocos 7, 10, 266. 

viv dé, 1, 12; 2, 102, 119; 5, 
202; 6, 364. 

vurt dé, 11, 86; 6, 158; 11, 
86: vuvl 5h, 6, 676. 


Eevtas, sc. dixn, 6, 418. 


ota BéArtora, 6, 159. 

olxérns, 2, 112. 

olxevs, -jos, 4, 126. 

otxos ‘estate,’ 10, 304; 14, 19, 
104. 

éXlyou, 7, 181. 

dvoudgev poBepds, 13, 113. 

drha, td, 6, 77: rlOecOu, 6, 
574. 

drrot, 16, 165, 219. 

8rws dv, 1, 8. 

8pxos, 7, 172, 311, 355; 8, 72. 

és, explanatory, 2, 98, 153: re- 
presented by Lat. subj., 16, 
159: also doris, 1, 80; 5, 
188, 285 ; 15, 75; 7, 200. 

bora Kal lepd, 15, 199. 

8rt, pleonastic, 6, 593; construc. 
tion of, 5, 153. 

ov, with infin. in indirect dis- 
course, 4, 39: with éav and 
gnul, 4, 39; 6, 161: with 
divéw, 7, 120. 

ov Syrov, 5, 188. 


a: 


éxcieOa:, 13, 80. 
Spor, 16, 165. 


Tlaavie?, 10, 94. 

wapd, with gen. of agent, 1, 3; 
with dat. coram, 2, 96 ; apud, 
5, 227. 

wapayyé\X\av, 5, 112, 311, 522. 

wapayer, 3, 104, 127; 6, 162, 
225 


wapaylyvoum, 10, 58; 12, 66. 
wapaxata§7«ny, 16, 129. 
wapacxevdfoua, 2,122; 6, 544; 
Mid ola So 1d, ee 
wapacxeuvn, 5, 517; 6, 150; 10, 
7; 14, 80. 
hs nhac 5, 513. 
apappucropetec at, 6, 469. 
rapéarn Hot, 2, 112. 
wapéxew, 7, 49; 8, 92; 12, 62: 
wapéxoua, il, 44; gas ee 


wapicrnu, 5, 354, 429; 16, 
104. 
Tleapaeds, 6, 34. 


wepacOa xaxGy, 1, 23. 
wetaa ‘bribe,’ 2, 123, 143; 6, 
364, 427 ; 15, 272. 
weAracral, 10, 137. 
wepi, 1,1; 2,18: with gen 9 
risk incurred, 2, 103: wept} 
xo\Xod, obd8év0s, 2 GSS Osi 
47: with accus., 2, 171. 
wepapeicba, 5, 288. 
wepryiyverGar, 15, 160. 
wenroety, 6, 440. 
repparyas, 8, 61. 
wegacpuévws, 4, 126. 
mimpdoxw, 15, 215. 





widrrecOa, 10, 411. 


381 
wAnpuedeiv, ri, 3, 57. 


roety, 13, 136: roeqrds rarip, 


6, 659. 

rokéuapxos, 12, 7. 

wokkreia ‘conduct as citizen,’ 
2, 206. 

wodXocrév pépos, 7, 224, 349; 
10, 229. 

woXovrvra, 4, 126. 

wodurpdypwv, 13, 181. 

rourh, 6, 569. 

*pdywara ‘ trouble,’ 2, | ae 
102: ‘government,’ 6, 145, 
173. 

wpdxropes, 3, 37. 

xpaxbévra, Td, acta, 3, 61. 

xpi &, 11, 27. 

xpd Tod, 5, 9. 

wpoavaXicxay, 10, 387. 

wpoeotnxéres Sjuov, 5, 44. 

wpoGecula, 2, 115; 6, 595. 

xpitera, 14, 6. 

xpérarmos, 7, 302. 

wporn\axifer, 3, 22. 

pos ExGpay, 3, 86: daryryy, 
4, 36: &a, 8, 78: rip dédtar, 
10, 64: Bovevrnpiy, 10, 376: 
Boudyy, 11, 21. 

xpooBadei, 7, 247. 

poo davelferBa:, 10, 174. 

TpocyjKorres, of, 10, 319: rpoc- 
hxovros, Tov, 3, 6; 9, 4. 

wpocxaNodua, 12, 7. 

xpocgaray, 12, 16. 

xpégacis; 3, 74. 


of | xpuraveia, 15, 37. 


xpamy, 14, 61. 
wupxaiai, 2, 160. 


pabupla, 4, 70. 
"‘Pawrotrre, 10, 188. 


povvun, 13, 46. 


cabpdy, 3, 20. 


-cauu, -cas of aor. opt., 8, 46. 


382 


cavidiov, 8, 35. 

onkés, etymol. of, p- 197, note, 
odnpods, 4, 133. 

otria Auepav Tpiav, 8, 109. 
otropuAakes, 11, introduct. 
okevos, 10, 203. 

ZKvOa, 15, 10. 

ordow, kara, 15, 103. 
oTdotmov, 4, 121. 

orarnp, 10, 260. 

Zreipievs, 8, 123. 
orepavwOfjva, 10, 441. 
oTnAn, 6, 506. 

orparnyev, 6, 44. 
orparryos, 3, 21. 

oTpaua, 7, 192. 

ovyyvouny moves Aa, 3, 134. 
ovyypapal, 15, 133. 
cuykelueva, Ta, 9, 21. 
ouvédpiov, 3, 32, 51. 


ouxogarrety, 2, 257; 13, 12: 


cuxopartetc ba, 10, 52. 
ouxoparvTns, 2, 140; 5, 33. 
oupBarrc«oOa, 15, 122; 16, 205. 
cuuBdraa, 1,6; 9, 29; 5, 699. 
ovpptxros, 10, 181. 
ouppopa, 4, 146, 164; 13, 16: 

ounpopa Kexpnuevos, 6, 276. 
owdiaBdadr\eoOa, 5, 652; cf. 2, 

181. 
ouwdikagew, 15, 86. 
ovvdixo, 8, 44; 9, 84; 10, 210. 
owedévat, 2, 1138, 204, 238; 6, 

120, 426; 16, 137: in good 

sense, 5, 520. 
cuvekdldayu, 10, 403. 
ouvicracba, 15, 79. 
ooas atrovs, 7, 321. 

ZPyrrot, 9, 48. 
oxédov, 4, 32. 

oxwv, 1, 21; 8, 31. 
COMA wl Ord ealol. 


Taplat, 3, 35. 
Tamevoua, 15, 14. 





INDICES. 


Ta&iapxeiv, 6, 44, 84. 
taglapxos, 6, 367; 8, 133. 
tagy, 5, 680. 

TedevTOv, 16, 241. 

TiOévar vouov, 15, 128, 227. 

Tidy diknv, 15, 190. 

Tiyndouat, 10, 3138. 

tiunua, 7, 55; 10, 314. 

Tinwpev, TiuwpetcOar, 3, 101; 
6, 351: rimwpeiy brép twos, 
632 ech 6s 31. 

to, 5, 188. 

tolvuv, 2, 68, 122, 127; 8, 92; 

, 310. 

To.ovros followed by 8s, 2, 270; 
3, 83; 6, 88; 10, 200: by 
olriwes, 15, 75: by dev, 10, 
437: by wore, 13, 28. 

To\uav, 5, 540; 18, 51, 68; 
16, 159, 236 ; ‘show courage,’ 
8, 150. 

Tovunpos, 2, 130. 

rogéorat, 15, 10. 

Tpamega, 3, 28. 

Tpérew, 16, 165. 

Tpinpapxav, 2, 209. 

Tpomos ‘character’ 5, 2. 

Tupés, 12, 41. 


bBpltev, 14, 29; 13, 133. 

UBprs, 2, 87. 

bBpiorys, 138, 112. 

byijs, 3, 20. 

Udwp, 76, 12, 26. 

brdpxew, 18, 1383; 16, 243. 

vrepBadre, 11, 58. 

brephuepos, 12, 102, 

brddikos, 4, 57. 

broypaupareds, 15, 222. 

brddoyov, 6, 643; 14, 98; 15, 
117: 

tropalvoua, 6, 127. 

bonpnvra, 14, 125, 


palver Oar, davepss, with parti- 











Mie 


ciple, 2,119,175; 3, 56, 116 ; 
6, 653; 14, 6; 15, 6, 238. 

davepa ovcla, 16, 31. 

pdoxe, with idea of insincerity, 
#5656, 34,2333" 16; -57; 
205: ‘yes,’ 5, 59; 16, 227. 

donut, jubeo, 8, 101. 

guadal, 5, 72. 

pirddcxos, 4, 12. 

Prrocogetv, 13, 72. 

péopuos, 11, 36. 

épos, 14, 23. 

parpla, 15, 11. 

gpvraxal, ptidapxor, 5, 309; 7, 40. 


XoAXopata, 10, 181. 
xdpw éxev, 8, 3. 
xiTwvickos, 4, 61. 
xAatva, 4, 61. 
XAwpos Tupds, 12, 41. 





383 


XodXclins, 6, 404. 
xopryetv, 2, 209. 
xopryés, 13, 61. 

xopryia, 5, 140. 

Xpdoua, 10, 111; 13, 14. 
xpiw and éxpiv, 2, 134. 
xpuotov, 5, 125; 10, 172. 
xwplov, 7, 202; 14, 48. 


Wev8opnapruplwy Sfx, 12, 99. 

WevoO7jval rivos, 10, 343. 

Vid ule, 5, 367. 

prol, 7, 108. 

yuxat ‘courage,’ 4, 194; 15, 
184: Yux7 ‘feelings,’ 16, 96. 


avetrbar, 14, 61. 

ore, with conditional sent., 
6, 121: ‘on condition that,’ 
10, 100. 


THE END. 


Printed by R. & R. Ciarx, Edinburgh. 








eo 


ae 


‘ 


i a 


iota * 





| 

‘ PA Lysias 

| 4241 Orationes XVI 
A3 

1882 





PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE 
CARDS OR SLIPS FROM THIS POCKET 





UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LIBRARY