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HARVARD COLLEGE 
LIBRARY 



FROM THE LIBRARY OF 
ALBERT E. WINSHIP, LlTT.D., LL.D. 

EDITOR O? THE NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL 
OF EDUCATION 

RECEIVED OCTOBER 3, 19JI 




3 2044 096 989 199 



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HARVARD COLLEGE 
LIBRARY 



FROM THE LIBRARY OF 
ALBERT E. WINSHIP, Litt.D., LL.D. 

EDITOR OF THE NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL 
OF EDUCATION 

RECEIVED OCTOBER 3, I9II 





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^2£,fc55^ FKOM THE LIBRARY OF 


ALBERT E. WINSHIP, LITT.D.. LL.D. 


EDITOR OF THE NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL 


OF EDUCATION 


RECEIVED OCTOBER. J, I9II 



3 2044 096 989 199 



THE 

ORBIS PICTUS 

OF 

John Amos Comenius. 



This work Is, iodeed, the first children's picturo book.— 
Encvclopadia Bkitannica, 9TU Edition, t1. i8a. 




SYRACUSE, N. Y.: 
C. W. BARDEEN, PUBLISHER, 



Copyright, 1E87, bj* C. W. Bakszzn. 



harvardVollege library 




FROU THE LrBRARY OF 

ALIERT EDWARD WINSHIf 

OCT. 3, 1921 

Trans i erred to 

Bdmoatifiii liitmiy 



« 



It may not be generally known that Comenius was once 
solicited to become President of Harvard College. The follow- 
ing is a quotation from Vol. II, p. 14, of Cotton Mather's 
Magnalia: 

"That brave old man, Johannes Amos Commenius, the fame 
of whose worth has been trumpbtted as far as more than three 
languages ^whereof everyone is indebted unto his Janua^ could 
carry It, was indeed agreed withal, by one Mr. Winthrop in his 
travels through the low countries, to come over to New Eng- 
land, and illuminate their Colledge and country, in the quality of 
a President, which was now become vacant. But the solicita- 
tions of the Swedish Ambassador diverting him another way, 
that incomparable Moravian became not an American." 

This was on the resignation of President Dunster, in 1654— 
Note of Prof. Payne, Compayre's History of Education, 
Boston, x886, p. 125. 



Editor's Preface. 



When it is remembered that this work is not only 
an educational classic of prime importance, but that 
it was the first picture-book ever made for children 
and was for a century the most popular text-book in 
Europe, and yet has been for many years unattaina- 
ble on account of its rarity, the wonder is, not that 
it is reproduced now but that it has not been repro- 
duced before. But the difficulty has been to find a 
-satisfactory copy. Many as have been the editions, 
few copies have been preserved. It was a book chil- 
dren were fond of and wore out in turning the leaves 
over and over to see the pictures. Then as the old 
copper-plates became indistinct they were replaced 
by wood-engravings, of coarse execution, and often 
of changed treatment. Von Raumer complains that 
the edition ot 1 7 5 5 substitutes for the original cut of the 
Soul, (No. 43, as here given,^ a picture of an eye, and in 
a table the figures I. I. II. I. I. II., and adds that it is 
difficult to recognize in this an expressive psycholog- 
ical symbol, and to explain it« In an edition I have, 
published in Vienna in 1779, ^^^^ cut is omitted alto- 
gether, and indeed there are but 82 in place of the 
157 found in earlier editions, the following, as num- 
bered in this edition, being omitted : 

1, the alphabet, a, 36, 43, 45, 66, 68, 75, 76, 78-80, 87, 
38, 92-122, 124, 126, 128, 130-14I. 

OH) 



IV THE ORBIS PICTUS. 

On the other hand, the Vienna edition contains a 
curious additional cut. It gives No. 4, the Heaven^ 
practically as in this edition, but puts another cut 
under it in which the earth is revolving about the 
sun ; and after the statement of Comenius, ^^Coelum ro- 
Mutj et ambit terram^ in medio stantem " interpolates : 
^^prout veieres crediderunt; recentiores enim defendunt 
motum terrae circa solem " [as the ancients used to think;, 
for later authorities hold that the motion of the earth 
is about the sun.] 

Two specimen pages from another edition are in- 
serted in Payne's Compayr6's History of Education 
f between pp. 126, 127^. The cut is the representa- 
tive of No. 103 in this edition, but those who com- 
pare them will see not only how much coarser is the 
execution of the wood-cut Prof. Payne has copied ^ 
but what liberties have been taken with with the de- 
sign. The only change in the Latin text, however^ 
is from Designat Figures rerum in the original, to 
Figuram rerum designat. 

In this edition the cuts are unusually clear copies- 
of the copper-plates of the first edition of 1658, from 
which we have also taken the Latin text. The text 
for the English translation is from the English edi- 
tion of 1727, in which for the first time the English^ 
words were so arranged as to stand opposite their 
Latin equivalents. 

The cuts have been reproduced with great care by 
the photographic process. I thought best not to per- 
mit them to be retouched, preferring occasional in- 
distinctness to modern tampering with the originals- 
that would make them less authentic. 



editor's preface. 



The English text is unchanged from that of the 
X727 edition, except in rare instances where substitu- 
tions have been made for single words not now per- 
missible. The typography suggests rather than imi- 
tates the quaintness of the original, and the paper 
was carefully selected to produce so far as practica- 
ble the impression of the old hand-presses. 

In short my aim has been to put within the reach 
of teachers at a moderate price a satisfactory repro- 
duction of this important book; and if the sale of the 
Or^s Pictus seems to warrant it, I hope' subsequently 
to print as a companion volume the V&stihulum and 
yanua of the same author, of which I have choice 
-copies. C. W. Bardeen. 

Syracuse^ Sept. 28, 1887. 



Comments upon the Orbis Pictus. 



During four years he here prosecuted his efforts itt 
behalf of education with commendable success, and 
wrote, among other works, his celebrated Orbis Pic- 
tus, which has passed through a great many editions^ 
and survived a multitude of imitations. — Smith's 
History of Education, N, Y., 1842, p. 129. 

The most eminent educator of the seventeenth cen- 
tury, however, was John Amos Comenius His- 

Orbis Sensualium Pictus, published in 1657, enjoyed 
a still higher renown. The text was much the same 
with the Janua, being intended as a kind of element- 
ary encyclopaedia ; but it differed from all previous texU 
booksy in being illustrated with pictures, on copper 
and wood, of the various topics discussed in it. This 
book was universally popular. In those portions of 
Germany where the schools had been broken up by 
the " Thirty years' war," mothers taught their chil- 
dren from its pages. Corrected and amended by 
later editors, it continued for nearly two hundred 
years, to be a text-book of the German schools. — 
History and Progress of Education, by Philobib- 
Lius, N. Y., i860, p. 210. 

The ** Janua" would, therefore, have had but a. 

short-lived popularity with teachers, and a still shorter 

with learners, if Comenius had not carried out hi& 

(vi) 



COMMENTS UPON THE ORBIS PICTUS. VU 

principle of appealinfi: to the senses, and called in the 
artist. The result was the '* Orbis Pictus," a book 
which proved a favorite with young and old, and 
maintained its ground in many a school for more 
than a century. . . . I am sorry I cannot give a speci- 
men of this celebrated book with its quaint pictures. 
The artist, of course, was wanting in the technical 
skill which is now commonly displayed even in the 
cheapest publications, but this renders his deline- 
ations none the less entertaining. As a picture of 
the life and manners of the seventeeth century, the 
work has great historical interest, which will, I hope, 
secure for it another English edition. — Quick's Edu- 
cational Reformers, 1868; Syracuse edition*, p. 79. 

But the principle on which he most insisted is 
that the teaching of words and things must go to- 
gether, hand in hand. When we consider how much 
time is spent over new languages, what waste of 
energy is lavished on mere preparation, how it takes 
so long to lay a foundation that there is no time to 
lay a building upon it, we must conclude that it is in 
the acceptance and development ot this principle 
that the improvement of education will in the future 
consist. Any one who attempts to inculcate this 
great reform will find that its first principles are con- 
tained in the writings of Comenius. — Encyclopae- 
dia Britannica, 9th edition, vii. 674. 

The first edition of this celebrated book was pub- 
lished at Nuremberg in 1657; soon after a transla- 
tion was made into English by Charles Hoole. The 
last English edition appeared in 1777, and this was 
reprinted in America in 1812. This was the first il- 



Vlll THE ORBIS PICTUS. 

lustrated school-book, and was the first attempt at 
what now passes under the name of "object lessons/ 
— Short History of Education, W. H. Payne, Syra- 
cuse, 1881, p. 103. 

Of these, the " Janua " and the "Orbis" were trans- 
lated into most European and some of the Oriental 
languages. It is evident that these practices of Co- 
menius contain the germs of things afterwards con- 
nected with the names of Pestalozzi and Stow. It 
also may be safely assumed that many methods that 
are now in practical use, were then not unknown to 
earliest teachers. — Gill's Systems of Education, 
London, 1876, p. 13. 

The more we reflect on the method of Comenius, 
the more we shall see it is replete with suggestive- 
ness, and we shall feel surprised that so much wis- 
dom can have lain in the path of schoolmasters for 
two hundred and fifty years, and that they have never 
stooped to avail themselves of its treasures. — Brown- 
ing's Introduction to the History of Educational 
Theories, 1882, New York edition, p. 67. 

The " Orbis Pictus," the first practical application 
of the intuitive method, had an extraordinary suc- 
cess, and has served as a model for the innumerable 
illustrated books which for three centuries have in- 
vaded the schools. — Compayre's History of Peda- 
gogy, Payne's translation, Boston, 1886, p. 127. 

He remained at Patak four years, which were char- 
acterized by surprising literary activity. During 
this short period he produced no less than fifteen 
different works, among them his "World Illustrated" 
(Orbis Pictus)y the most famous ot all his writings. 



COMMENTS UPON THE ORBIS PICTUS. IX 

« 

It admirably applied the principle that words and 
things should be learned together. .. .The *' World 
Illustrated " had an enormous circulation, and re- 
mained for a long time the most popular text-book 
in Europe. — Painter's History of Education, N.Y., 
1886, p. 206. 

Or, si ce livre n'est qu'un equivalent le la veri- 
table intuition ; si, ensuite, le contenu du tout parait 
fort defectueux, au point de vue de la science de nos 
jours; si, enfin, un effort exag^rS pour 1' integrity 
de la conception de V enfant a cr66, pour les choses 
modernes, trop de denominations latines qui parais- 
sent douteuses, 1' Orhis picfus ^tait pourtant, pour son 
temps, une oeuvre trds originale et trds spirituelle, 
qui fit faire un grand progr^s d, la pedagogic et ser- 
vit longtemps de livre d' ecole utile et de module 
A d' innomorables livres d' images, souvent pires. — 
Historie d' education, Frederick Dittes, Redolfi's 
French translation, Paris, 1880, p. 178. 

Here Comenius wrote, among others, his second 
celebrated work the " Orbis Pictus." He was not, 
however, able to finish it in Hungary for want of a 
skilful engraver on copper. For such a one he car- 
ried it to Michael Endter, the bookseller at Nurem- 
berg, but the engraving delayed the publication of 
the book for three years more. In 1657 Comenius 
expressed the hope that it would appear during the 
next autumn. With what great approbation the 
work was received at its first appearance, is shown by 
the fact that within two years, in 1659, Endter had 
published a second enlarged edition. — Karl Von 



X THE ORBIS PICTUS. 

Raumer, translated in Barnard's Journal of Educa* 
tion, V. 260. 

The '^ Janua" had an enormous sale, and was pub- 
lished in many languages, but the editions and sale 
of the "Orbis Pictus" far exceeded those of the 
^* Janua," and, indeed, for some time it was the most 
popular text-book in Europe, and deservedly so. — 
Laurie's John Amos Gomenxus, Boston edition, p. 
185. 



JoH. Amos Comenii 

Orbis Sensualium Pictus: 

HOC EST 

Omnium principalium in Mundo 
Renim, & in Vita Actionum, 

PlCTURA & NOMENCLATURA. 



JoH. Amos CoMENius's 

VISIBLE WORLD: 

OR, A 

Nomenclature, and Pictures 

OF ALL THE 

Chief Things that are in the World, and 
of Mens Employments therein ; 

In above 150 Coppbr Cuts. 

WRITTEN 

By the Author in Latin and High Dutch, being 

one of his last Essays ; and the most suitable to Chil- 

drens Capacity of any he hath hitherto made. 



Translated into English 

By Charles Hoole, M. A. 

For the Use of Young Latin Scholars. 



The Elbvbmth Edition Corrected, and the English made to 
answer Word for Word to the Latin. 



Nihil est in intellectUy quodnonpriusfuitin sensu. Arist. 



London; Printed for, and sold by yohn and Benj. 
Sprint y at the Bell in Little Britain^ 1728. 



^ Gen, ii. 19, 20. 

The Lord God brought unto Adam every Beast of 
the Field, and every Fowl of the Air, to see what he 
would call them. And Adam gave Names to all Cat- 
tle, and to the Fowl of the Air, and to every Beast ot 
the Field. 

Gen. ii. 19, 20. 

Adduxit Dominus Deus a// Adam cuncta Animantia Ter^ 
ra^ &* universa volatilia Cash', ut videret quomodo vocaret 
ilia, Appellavitque Adam Nominihus suis cuncta Amman- 
Jia^ &* universa volatilia Cali, &* omnes Bestias Agri, 

I. A. Comenii opera Didactica par. i. p. 6, Amst. 
1657. fol. 

Didacticae nostras prora & puppis esto : Investi^re, 
•& invenire modum, quo Docentes minus doceant, Dis- 
centes vero plus discant : Scholae minus habeant Stre* 
pitus, nauseas, vani laboris ; plus autem otii, delicia- 
rum, solidique profectus: Respublica Christiana 
minus tenebrarum confusionis dissidiorum ; plus 
lucis, ordinis, pacis & tranquilitatis. 



The Author's Preface to the 

Reader. 



Instruction is the means to expel Rudeness^ with which 
young wits ought to be well furnished in Schools:. 
But so, as that the teaching be i. True^ 2. Full^ 3. 
deary and 4. Solid, 

1. It will be truey if nothing be taught but such as 
is beneficial to ones life ; lest there be a cause of 
complaining afterwards. We know not necessary 
things^ because we have not learned things neces- 
sary. 

2. It will be fully if the mind be polished for wis- 
dom, the tongue for eloquence, and the hands for a. 
neat way of living. This will be that grace of one's 
life, to be wise, to acty to speak, 

3. 4. It will be deary and by that, firm and soh'dy if 
whatever is taught and learned, be not obscure, or 
confused, but apparent, distinct, and articulate, a& 
the fingers on the hands. 

The ground of this business, is, that sensual ob- 
jects may be rightly presented to the senses, for fear 
they may not be received. I say, and say it again 
aloud, that this last is the fouhdation of all the rest : 
because we can neither act nor speak wisely, unless 
we first rightly understand all the things which are* 

(xiil) 



XIV THE ORBIS PICTUS. 

to be done, and whereof we are to speak. Now there 
is nothing in the understanding, which was not be- 
fore in the sense. And therefore to exercise the 
senses well about the right perceiving the differences 
of things, will be to lay the grounds for all wisdom, 
and all wise discourse, and all discreet actions in 
ones course of life. Which, because it is commonly 
neglected in schools, and the things which are to be 
learned are offered to scholars, without being under- 
stood or being rightly presented to the senses, it 
cometh to pass, that the work of teaching and learn- 
ing goeth heavily onward, and affOrdeth little benefit. 

See here then a new help for schools, A Picture 
and Nomenclature of all the chief things in the 
world, and of men's actions in their way of living : 
Which, that you, good Masters, may not be loath to 
run over with your scholars, I will tell you, in short, 
what good you may expect from it. 

It is a little Book^ as you see, of no great bulk, yet 
a brief of the whole world, and a whole language: 
full of Pictures, Nomenclatures, and Descriptions of 
things. 

I. The Picture are the representation of all visible 
things, ^to which also things invisible are reduced 
after their fashion^ of the whole world. And that in 
that very order of things, in which they are described 
in the yanua Latina Lingua; and with that fulness, 
that nothing very necessary or of great concernment 
is omitted. 

II. The Nomenclatures are the Inscriptions, or 
Titles set every one over their own Pictures, express- 
ing the whole thing by its own general term. 



author's preface. XV 

III. The Descriptions are the explications of the 
parts of the Picture, so expressed by their own proper 
terms, as that same figure which is added to every 
piece of the picture, and the term of it, always shew- 
eth what things belongeth one to another. 

Which such Book, and in such a dress may (\ hope^ 
serve, 

I. To entice witty children to it, that they may 
not conceit a torment to be in the school, but dainty 
fare. For it is apparent, that children f^even from 
their infancy almost^ are delighted with Pictures, 
and willingly please their eyes with these lights : 
And it will be very well worth the pains to have once 
brought it to pass, that scare-crows may be taken 
away out of Wisdom's Gardens. 

II. This same little Book will serve to stir up the 
Attention, which is to be fastened upon things, and 
even to be sharpened more and more : which is also 
a great matter. For the Senses ^being the main 
guides ot childhood, because therein the mind doth 
not as yet raise up itself to an abstracted contempla- 
tion of things^ evermore seek their own objects, and 
if they be away, they grow dull, and wry themselves 
hither and thither out of a weariness of themselves : 
but when their objects are present, they grow merry, 
wax lively, and willingly suffer themselves to be fas- 
tened upon them, till the thing be sufficiently dis- 
cerned. This Book then will do a good piece of 
service in taking f^especially flickering^ wits, and 
preparing them for deeper studies. 

III. Whence a third good will follow ; that chil- 
dren being won hereunto, and drawn over with this 



XVI THE ORBIS PICTUS. 

way of heeding, may be furDished with the knowl- 
edge of the prime things that are in the world, by 
sport and merry pastime. In a word, this Book will 
serve for the more pleasing using of the Vestibulum 
and J^anua Linguarum, for which end it was even at 
the first chiefiy intended. Yet if It like any, that it 
be bound up in their native tongues also, it prom- 
iseth three good thing of itself. 

I. First it will afford a device for learning to read 
more easily than hitherto, especially having a sym- 
bolical alphabet set before it, to wit, the characters 
of the several letters, with the image of that creature* 
whose voice that letter goeth about to imitate, pic- 
tur'd by it. For the young Abe scholar will easily 
remember the force uf every character by the very 
looking upon the creature, till the imagination being 
strengthened by use, can readily afford all things; 
and then having looked over a table of tha chief sylla- 
bles also fwhich yet was not thought necessary to be 
added to this book ) be may proceed to the viewing 
of the Pictures, and the inscriptions set over 'em. 
Where again the very looking upon the thing pic- 
tured suggesting the name of the thing, will tell him 
how the title of the picture is to be read. And 
thus the whole book being gone over by the bare 
titles of the pictures, reading cannot but be learned ; 
and indeed too, which thing is to be noted, without 
usingany ordinary tedious spelling, that most trouble- 
some torture of wits, which may wholly be avoided 
by this method. For the often reading over the 
Book, by those larger descriptions of things, and 
which are set after the Pictures, will be able per- 
fectly to beget a habit of reading. 



author's preface. xvii 

II. The same book being used in English, in Eng- 
lish Schools, will serve for the perfect learning of the 
whole English tongue, and that from the bottom; be- 
cause by the aforesaid descriptions of things, the 
words and phrases of the whole language are found 
set orderly in their own places. And a short Eng- 
lish Grammar might be added at the end, clearly 
resolving the speech already understood into its 
parts; shewing the declining of the several words, 
and reducing those that are joined together under 
certain rules. 

III. Thence a new benefit cometh, that that very 
English Translation may serve for the more ready 
and pleasant learning of the Latin tongue : as one 
may see in this Edition, the whole book being so 
translated, that every where one word answereth to 
the word over against it, and the book is in all things 
the same, only in two idioms, as a man clad in a 
double garment. And there might be also some 
observations and advertisements added in the end, 
touching those things only, wherein the use of 
the Latin tongue differeth from the English. For 
where there is no difference, there needeth no adver- 
tisement to be given. But, because the first tasks of 
learners ought to be little and single^ we have filled this 
first book of training one up to see a thing of him- 
self, with nothing but rudiments, that is, with the 
chief of things and words, or with the grounds of the 
whole world, and the whole language, and of all our 
understanding about things. If a more perfect de- 
scription of things, and a fuller knowledge of a lan- 
guage, and a clearer light of the understanding be 



XVIU THE ORBIS PICTUS. 

sought after (as they ought to be^ they are to be 
found somewhere whither there will now be an easy 
passage by this our /Me EncyclopiBdia of things sub- 
ject to the senses. Something remaineth to be said 
touching the more chearful use of this book. 

I. Let it be given to children into their hands to 
delight themselves withal as they please, with the 
sight of the pictures, and making them as familiar to 
themselves as may be, and that even at home before 
they be put to school. 

II. Then let them be examined ever and anon (^es- 
pecially now in the school^ what this thing or that 
thing is, and is called, so that they may see nothing 
which they know not how to name, and that they 
can name nothing which they cannot shew. 

III. And let the things named them be shewed,not 
only in the Picture, but also in themselves; for ex- 
ample, the parts of the body, clothes, books, the house, 
utensils, &*€. 

IV. Let them be suffered also to imitate the Pic- 
tures by hand, if they will, nay rather, let them be 
encouraged, that they may be willing : first, thus to 
quicken the attention also towards the things; and 
to observe the proportion of the parts one towards 
another; and lastly to practise the nimbleness of the 
hand, which is good for many things. 

V. If anything here mentioned, cannot be pre- 
sented to the eye, it will be to no purpose at all to 
offer them by themselves to the scholars; as colours, 
relishes, dr*^., which cannot here be pictured out with 
ink. For which reason it were to be wished, that 
things rare and not easy to- be met withal at home, 



author's preface^ xix 

might be kept ready in every great school, that they 
may be shewed also, as often as any words are to be 
made of them, to the scholars. 

Thus at last this school would indeed become a 
school of things obvious to ^the senses, and an en- 
trance to the school intellectual. But enough : Let 
us come to the thing it self. 



The Translator, to all judicious 
and industrious school-m asters. 



Gentlemen. 

There are a few of you (I think^ but have seen» 
and with great willingness made use of (or at 
least perused J many of the Books of this ot this 
well-deserving Author Mr. John Comenius, which for 
their profitableness to the speedy attainment of a lan- 
guage, have been translated in several countries, out 
of Latin into their own native tongue. 

Now the general verdict f'after trial made^ that hath 
passed, touching those formerly extant, is this, that 
they are indeed of singular use, and very advanta- 
geous to those of more discretion, f^especially to such 
as already have a smattering of Latin^ to help their 
memories to retain what they have scatteringly got- 
ten here and there, to furnish them with many words^ 
which f^perhaps^ they had not formerly read, or so 
well observed; but to young children f'whom we 
have chiefly to instruct^ as those that are ignorant 
altogether of things and words, and prove rather a 
meer toil and burthen, than a delight and furtherance. 

For to pack up many words in memory, of things 
not conceived in the mind, is to fill the head with 
empty imaginations, and to make the learner more 

(") 



translator's preface. xxi 

to admire the multitude and variety f^and thereby, to 
become discouraged J than to care to treasure them 
up, in hopes to gain more knowledge of what they 
mean. 

He hath therefore in some of his latter works 
seemed to move retrograde, and striven to come 
nearer the reach of tender wits : and in this present 
Book, he hath, according to my judgment, descended 
to the very bottom of what is to be taught, and pro- 
ceeded f^as nature it self doth^ in an orderly way ; 
first to exercise the senses well, by representing 
their objects to them, and then to fasten upon 
the intellect by impressing the first notions of 
things upon it, and linking them on to another 
by a rational discourse. Whereas indeed, we, gen- 
erally missing this way, do teach children as we do 
parrots, to speak they know not what, nay which is 
worse, we, taking the way of teaching little ones by 
Grammar only at the first, do puzzle their imagina- 
tions with abstractive terms and secondary intentions, 
which till they be somewhat acquainted with things, 
and the words belonging to them, in the language 
which they learn, they cannot apprehend what they 
mean. And this I guess to be the reason, why many 
great persons do resolve sometimes not to put a 
child to school till he be at least eleven or twelve 
years of age, presuming that he having then taken 
notice of most things, will sooner get the knowledge 
of the words which are applyed to them in any lan- 
guage. But the gross misdemeanor of such children 
for the most part, have taught many parents to be hasty 
enough to send their own to school, if not that they 
may learn, yet f'at least^ that they might be kept out 



XXll THE ORBIS PICTUS. 

of harm's way; and yet if they do not profit for the 
time they have been at school, f^no respect at all be- 
ing had for their years^ the Master shall be sure 
enough to bear the blame. 

So that a School-master had need to bend his wits 
to come within the compass of a child's capacity of 
six or seven years of age f'seeing we have now such 
commonly brought to our Grammar-schools to learn 
the Latin Tongue^ and to make that they may learn 
with as much delight and willingness, as himself 
would teach with dexterity and ease. And at pres- 
ent I know no better help to forward his young 
scholars than this little Book, which was for this 
purpose contrived by the Author in the German and 
Latin Tongues. 

What profitable use may be had thereof, respecting- 
chiefly that his own country and language, he him- 
self hath told you in his preface; but what use we 
may here make of it in our Grammar-schools, as 
it is now translated into English, I shall partly de- 
clare ; leaving all other men, according to my wont» 
to their own discretion and liberty, to use or refuse 
it, as they please. So soon then as a child can read 
English perfectly, and is brought to us to school to 
learn Latin, I would have him together with his Ac- 
cidence, to be provided of this Book, in which he may 
at least once a day f beside his Accidence^ be thus 
exercised. 

L Let him look over the pictures with their gen- 
eral titles and inscriptions, till he be able to turn 
readily to any one of them, and to tell its name 
either in English or Latin. By this means he shall 



translator's preface. xxiii 

have the method of the Book in his head ; and be 
easily furnished with the knowledge of most things; 
and instructed how to call them, when at any time 
he meeteth with them elsewhere, in their real forms. 

II. Let him read the description at large : First in 
English, and afterward in Latin, till he can readily 
read, and distinctly pronounce the words in both 
Languages, ever minding how they are spelled. And 
withal, let him take notice of the figures inserted, and 
to what part of the picture thdy direct by their like 
till he be well able to find out every particular thing 
of himself, and to name it on a sudden, either in Eng- 
lish or Latin. Thus he shall not only gain the most 
primitive words, but be understandingly grounded 
in Orthography, which is a thing too generally neg- 
lected by us; partly because our English schools 
think that children should learn it at the Latin, and 
our Latin schools suppose they have already learn'd 
it at the English ; partly, because our common Gram- 
mar is too much defective in this part, and scholars so 
little exercised therein, that they pass from schools to 
the Universities and return from thence f'some of 
them^ more unable to write true English, than either 
Latin or Greek. Not to speak of our ordinary Trades- 
men, many of whom write such false English,that none 
but themselves can interpret what they scribble in 
their bills and shop-books. 

III. Then let him get the Titles and Descriptions 
by heart, which he will more easily do, by reason of 
these impressions which the viewing of the pictures 
hath already made in his memory. And now let him 
also learn, i. To construe, or give the words one by 



XXIV THE ORBIS PICTUS. 

one, as they answer one another in Latin and Eng- 
lish. 2. To Parse, according to the rules, f which I 
presume by this time^ he hath learn'd in the first 
part of his Accidence; where I would have him tell 
what part of Speech any word is, and then what ac- 
cidents belong to it; but especially to decline the 
nouns and conjugate the verbs according to the Ex- 
amples in his Rudiments; and this doing will enable 
him to know the end and use of his Accidence. As 
for the Rules of Genders of Nouns, and the Praeter- 
perfect-tenses and Supines of Verbs, and those of 
Concordance and. Construction in the latter part of 
the Accidence, I would not have a child much 
troubled with them, till by the help of this Book he 
can perfectly practise so much ot Etymology, as con- 
cerns the first part of his Accidence only. For that, 
and this book together, being thoroughly learn 'd by 
at least thrice going them over, will much prepare 
children to go chearfully forward in their Grammar 
and School-Authors, especially, if whilst they are 
employed herein, they be taught also to write a fair 
and legible hand. 

There is one thing to be given notice of, which I 
wish could have been remedied in this Translation ; 
that the Book being writ in high-Dutch doth express 
many things in reference to that Country and Speech, 
which cannot without alteration of some Pictures as 
well as words be expressed in ours : for the Symbol- 
ical Alphabet is fitted for German children rather 
than for ours. And whereas the words of that Lan- 
guage go orderly one for one with the Latin, our 
English propriety of Speech will not admit the like. 
Therefore it will behove those Masters that intend 



translator's preface. xxy 

to make use of this Book, to construe it verbatim to 
their young Scholars, who will quickly learn to do 
it of themselves, after they be once acquainted with 
the first words of Nouns, and Verbs, and their man- 
ner of variation. 

Such a work as this, I observe to have been form- 
erly much desired by some experienced Teachers, 
and I my self had some years since f'whilst my own 
Child lived^ begun the like, having found it most 
agreeable to the best witted Children, who are most 
taken up with Pictures from their Infancy, because 
by them the knowledge of things which they seem to 
represent f'and whereof Children are as yet ignor- 
ant^ are most easily conveyed to the Understanding. 
But for as much as the work is now done, though in 
some things not so completely as it were to be wished, 
I rejoyce in the use of it, and desist in my own under- 
taking^ for the present. And because any good thing 
as the better, being the more communicated ; I have 
herein imitated a Child who is forward to impart to 
others what himself has well liked. You then that 
have the care of little Children, do not much trouble 
their thoughts and clog their memories with bare 
Grammar Rudiments, which to them are harsh in 
getting, and fluid in retaining; because indeed to 
them they signifie nothing, but a mere swimming 
notion of a general term, which they know not what 
it meaneth, till they comprehend particulars, but by 
this or the like subsidiary, inform them, first with 
some knowledge of things and words wherewith to 
express them, and then their Rules of speaking will 
be better understood and more firmly kept in mind. 
Else how should a Child conceive what a Rule mean- 



XXVI THE ORBIS PICTUS. 

eth, when he neither knoweth what the Latin word im- 
porteth, nor what manner of thing; it is which is sig- 
nified to him in his own native Language, which is 
given him thereby to understand the Rule? For 
Rules consisting of generalities, are delivered ^as I 
may say^ at a third hand, presuming first the things^ 
and then the words to be already apprehended touch- 
ing which they are made. I might indeed enlarge 
upon this Subject, it being the very Basis of our Pro- 
fession, to search into the way of Childrens taking 
hold by little and little of what we teach them, that 
so we may apply ourselves to their reach: But I 
leave the observation thereof to your own daily exer- 
cise, and experience got thereby. 

And I pray God, the fountain and giver of all wis- 
dom, that hath bestowed upon us this gift of Teach- 
ing, so to inspire and direct us by his Grace, that 
we may train up Children in his Fear and in the 
knowledge of his Son Jesus Christ our Lord ; and 
then no doubt our teaching and their learning of other 
things subordinate to these, will by the assistance of 
his blessed Spirit make them able and willing to do 
him faithful Service both in Church and Common- 
wealth, as long as they live here, that so they may be 
eternally blessed with him hereafter. This, I beseech 
you, beg for me and mine, as I shall daily do for 
you and yours, at the throne of God's heavenly grace ; 
and remain while I live 

Ready to serve you, as I truly love and honour you> 
and labour willingly in the same Profession with 
you, CHARLES HOOLE. 

From my School, in 

Lothlmry^ London^ yan, 25, 1658. 



translator's preface. xxvii 

N. B, Those Heads or Descriptions which concern 
things beyond the present apprehension of Children's 
wits, as, those of Geography, Astronomy, or the like, 
I would have omitted, till the rest be learned, and a 
Child be better able to understand them. 

The yudgment of Mr, Hezekiah Woodward, same- 
times an eminent Schoolmaster in LONDON, touching 
a work of this Nature ; in his Grate to Science, chafi, 2. 

/pertain ly the use of Images or /Representations is great : 
If we could make our words as legible to Children 
as Pictures are, their information therefrom would 
be quickned and surer. But so we cannot do, though 
we must do what we can. And if we had Books, 
wherein are the Pictures of all Creatures, Herbs^ 
Beasts, Fish, Fowls, they would stand us in great 
stead. For Pictures are the most intelligible Books 
that Children can look upon. They come closest to 
Nature, nay, saith Scaliger, Art exceeds her. 



An Advertisement Concerning this 

Edition. 



As there are some considerable Alterations in the 
present Edition of this Book from the former, 
it may be expected an Account should be given 
of the Reasons for them. Tis certain from the 
Author's Words, that when it was first published, 
which was in Latin and Hungary, or in Latin and 
High-Dutch; every where one word answer'd to an- 
other over-against it : This might have been observ*d 
in our English Translation, which wou'd have fully 
answer'd the design of COMENIUS, and have made 
the Book much more useful: But Mr. Hoole, (whether 
out of too much scrupulousness to disturb the Words 
in some places from the order they were in, or not 
sufficiently considering the Inconveniences of having 
the Latin and English so far asunder) has made them 
so much disagree, that a Boy has sometimes to seek 
7 or 8 lines off for the corresponding Word ; which 
is no small trouble to Young Learners who are at 
first equally unacquainted with all Words, in a Lan- 
guage they are strangers to, except it be such as have 
Figures of Reference, or are very like in sound ; and 
thus may perhaps, innocently enough join an Adverb 
in one Tongue, to a Noun in the other ; whence may 

( xxYiii ) 



AN ADVERTISEMENT, &C. XXIX 

appear the Necessity of the Translation's being ex* 
actlj literal, and the two Languages fairly answering 
one another, Line for Line. 

If it be objected, such a thing cou'd not be done 
(considering the difference of the Idioms) without 
transplacing Words here and there, and putting them 
into an order which may not perhaps be exactly 
classical; it ought to be observed, this is design 'd for 
Boys chiefly, or those who are just entering upon the 
Latin Tongue, to whom every thing ought to be 
made as plain and familiar as possible, who are not,, 
at their first beginning, to be taught the elegant 
placing of Latin, nor from such short Sentences as 
these, but from Discourses where the Periods have a 
fuller Close. Besides, this way has already taken 
(according to the Advice of very good Judges,) in 
some other School-Books of Mr. Hoole's translating,^ 
and found to succeed abundantly well. 

Such Condescensions as these, to the capacities of 
young Learners are certainly very reasonable, and 
wou'd be most agreeable to the Intentions of the 
Ingenious and worthy Author, and his design to suit 
whatever he taught, to their manner of apprehending 
it. Whose Excellency in the art of Education made 
him so famous all over Europe, as to be solicited by 
several States and Princes to go and reform the 
Method of their Schools ; and whose works carried 
that Esteem, that in his own Life-time some part of 
them were not only translated into 12 of the usual 
Languages of Europe, but also into the Arabic^ Turk-- 
ish^ Persian^ and Mogolic (the common Tongue of all 
that part of the Ea%Ulnd%es) and since his death, into* 



XXX THE ORBIS PICTUS. 

the Hebrew^ and some others. Nor did they want 
their due Encouragrement here in England^ some Years 
ago; 'till by an indiscreet use of them, and want of a 
thorow acquaintance with his Method, or unwilling- 
ness to part from their old road, they began to be 
almost quite left off: Yet it were heartily to be 
wish'd, some Persons of Judgment and Interest, 
whose Example might have an influence upon others, 
and bring them into Reputation again, wou'd revive 
the COMENIAN METHOD, which is no other, than 
to make our Scholars learn with Delight and chear- 
fulness, and to convey a solid and useful Knowledge 
of Things, with that of Languages, in an easy, natural 
and familiar way. Didactic Works (as they are now 
collected into one volume) for a speedy attaining the 
Knowledge of Things and Words, join'd with the 
Discourses of Mr. Lock* and 2 or 3 more out of our 
own Nation, for forming the Mind and settling good 
Habits, may doubtless be look*d upon to contain the 
most reasonable, orderly, and completed System of 
the Art of Education, that can be met with. 

Yet, alas ! how few are there, who follow the way 
they have pointed out ? tho' every one who seriously 
considers it, must be convinc'd of the Advantage ; 
and the generality of Schools go on in the same old 
dull road, wherein a great part of Children's time is 
lost in a tiresome heaping up a Pack of dry and un- 
profitable, or pernicious Notions (for surely little 

*Mr. Lock's Bssay upon Education. 

Dr. Tabor's Christain Schoolmaster. 

Dr. Ob. Walker of Education. 

Mr. Monro's Essay on Education. 

—His just Measures of the pious Institutions of Youth, &c 



AN ADVERTISEMENT, &C. XXXI 

better can be said of a great part of that Heathenish 
stuff they are tormented with ; like the feeding them 
with hard Nuts, which when they have almost broke 
their teeth with cracking, they find either deaf or to 
contain but very rotten and unwholesome Kernels) 
whilst Things really perfected of the understanding, 
and useful in every state of Life, are left unregarded, 
to the Reproach of our Nation, where all other Arts 
are improved and flourish well, only this of Educa- 
tion of Youth is at a stand ; as if that, the good or ill 
management of which is of the utmost consequence 
to all, were a thing not worth any Endeavors to im- 
prove it, or was already so perfect and well executed 
that it needed none, when many of the greatest 
Wisdom and Judgment in several Nations, have with 
a just indignation endeavor'd to expose it, and to 
establish a more easy and useful way in its room. 

'Tis not easy to say little on so important a subject, 
but thus much may suffice for the present purpose. 
The Book has merit enough to recommend it self to 
those who know how to make a right use of it. It was 
reckon'd one of the Author's best performances ; and 
besides the many Impressions and Translations it has 
bad in parts beyond Sea, has been several times re- 
printed here. It was endeavor'd no needless Altera- 
tions shou'd be admitted in this Edition, and as little 
of any as cou'd consist with the design of making it 
plain and useful ; to shun the offence it might give 
to some ; and only the Roman and Italic Character 
alternately made use of, where transplacing of Words 
cou'd be avoided. 

London, J. H. 

July 13, 1727. 



ci; 



Orbis Sensualium Pictus, 

A World of Things Obvious to the 
Senses drawn in Pictures. 




Tht Master and tht B<^. 

M. f^ome, Boy, learn to 
. be wise. 

P. What doth this mean, 
io be wise t 

M. To understand right- 



Magister 6* Fuer. 

M. V'ent, Puer, disce sa- 
pere. 
P. Quid hoc est, Saperet 

M. Intelligere recte. 



(') 



to do rightly, and to speak 
out rightly all that are 
necessary. 

P. Who will teach me 
this? 

M. I, by God's help. 

P. How ? 

M. I will guide thee 
thorow all. 

I will shew thee all. 

I will name thee all. 

P. See, here I am ; lead 
me in the name of God. 

M. Before all things, 
thou oughtest to learn the 
plain sounds, of which 
man's speech consisteth; 
which livinff creatures 
know how to make, and 
thy Tongue knoweth bow 
to imitate, and thy hand can 
picture out. 

Afterwards we will go 
into the World, and we will 
view all things. 

Here thou hast a lively 
and Vocal Alphabet. 



agere recte, et eloqui recte 
omnia necessaria. 

P. Quisdocebit me hoc? 

M. Ego, cum DEO. 

P. Quomodo? 

M. Ducam te per 
omnia. 

Ostendam tibi omnia. 

Nominabo tibi omnia. 

P. En, adsum; due me 
in nomine DEI. 

M. Ante omnia, debes 
discere simplices Sonos ex 
quibus Sermo humanus 
constat ; quos Animalia 
sciuni /ormare, & tua Lin- 
gua scit imitari, & tua 
Afanus potest pingere. 



Postea ibimus Mundum^ 
& spectabimus omnia. 

Hie habes vivum et vo- 
cale Alphabetum. 



(3) 



Cornix cornicatur, 
The Crow crieth. 



& & A a 



^~^. 



Agnus balat, b d d d B b 

The Zamd blaiteth. 

Cicida stridet, ci ci C c 

The Grass Ao^r chirpeth. 

Upupa dicit, du du D d 

The Whoappoo^Wh. 

Infans ejulat, £ d d £ e 

The Infant crieth. 

VwUus flat, fi fi F f 

The ^iWbloweth. 

Anser gingrit, ga ga G g 

The Goose g^gleth. 

C^jhalat, h&'hh&'h Hh 

The J/^wM breatheth out. 

Mus mintrit, 1 i i I i 

The Mouse chirpeth. 

Anas tetrinnit, kha, kha K k 
The Duck quaketh. 

Lupus ululat, lu ulu 

The ^^//howleth. 

[mum 

Ursus murmurat^ mum- M m 

The Bear grumbleth. 



(*) 



Felis clamat, nau nau 

The Cat cricth. 

Auriga clamat, 6 d d 

The Carter cricth. 

Pullus pipit, pi pi 

The Chicken peepeth. 

Ciculus cuculat, kuk ku 
The cuckaw singeth. 

Cams ringitur, err 

The dog grinneth. 

Serpens sibilat, si 

The Serpent hisseth. 

Graculus clamat, tac tac 
The yay crieth. 



Bubo ululate 
The Owl hooteth. 






No. 



Oa 



Pp 



Qa 



Rr 



Ss 



Tt 



U Uc 



Lepus vagit, va 

The Hare squeaketh. 

Eana coaxat, coax 

The Frog croaketh. 

Asinus rudit, 7 Y J 

The Asse brayeth. 

Tabanus dicit, ds ds 

The Breeze or Horte-flie 
saith. 



Ww 



X 7L 



Yy 



Zz 



(5) 
11. 




Gmi is of himself from 
^TCrlasting to ererlastlog. 

A most perfect and a 
most blessed Being, 

In his Essence Spiritual, 
«Dd One. 

In his Persenality,T)xm. 

In his Wm, Holy, Just, 
Merciful and True, 

In his Power very great. 

In his Goodness, very 
{;ood. 

In his Wisdom, unmeas* 
urable. 

A Light inaccessible ; 
«nd yet all in all. 

Every where, and no 
where. 



£>eus est ex seipso, ab 
feterno in aeternum. 

Perfectissimum &beatis- 
simum Mns. 

Sssentid SpirituaUs & 
unus. 

Sypostasi Trio us. 

Voluntaie, Sanctus, Just- 

;, Clemens, Verax. 

Potentid maximus. 

Bomtate Opttmus. 

Sapienfid, immensus. 

Lux inaccessa; 
& tamen omnia in omni- 
bus. 

Ubique & nullibi. 



(6J 

The chiefest G^^od, and 
the only and inexhausted 
Fountain of all good 
things. 

As the Creator^ so the 
Gavemaur and Preserver of 
all things, which we call 
the World. 



Summum Bonum^ et so* 
lus et inexhaustus Fons- 
omnium Bonorum. 



Ut Creator^ ita Gubcrna^ 
tor et Conservator omnium 
rerum,quas vocamus Mun* 
dum. 



The World. 



III. 



Mundus. 




The Heaven^ i. 
hath Fire^ and Stars, 

The Clouds^ 2. 
hang in. the Air. 

Birds y 3. 
fly under the Clouds. 

Fishes^ 4. 
swim in the Wider. 

The Earth hath HiUs, 5. 
Woods, 6. Fields, 7. 
Beasts, 8. and Jl/#iiy 9. 



Coelum^ I. 
habet ^>i^w 6^ Stellas. 

Nubes, 2. 
pendent in Aere. 

Aves, 3. 
volant sub nubibus. 

Pisces^ 4. 
natant in Aqua. 

Terra habet Monies, 5. 
Sylvas, 6. Campos, 7. 
Animalia^ 8. Homines, 9. 



<1 ) 



Thus the greatest BodUs 
of the World, the four Ele- 
NVM/f, are full of their own 
lohabitaDts. 



Ita maxima Corpora 
Munt}i, quatuor Elemental 
suDt plena Habitatoribus 
suis. 



The Heaven. 




Coslum. 



The Heaven, i. 
is wheeled about, and 
encompasseth the^r/A,2. 
standing in the middle. 

The Sun, 3. 
wheresoever it is, shineth 
perpetually, howsoever 
dark Cleuds, 4. 
may take it from us ; 
andcausethbybis^a^j, 5. 
lAght, and the 
Light, Day, 

On the other side, over 
against it, is Darkness, 6. 
and thence Night. 



Calum, I. 
rotatur, & 
ambit Terrain, a. 
staotem in medio. 

So/, 3. 
ubi ubi est, fulget 
perpetuo, ut ut densa 
Nubila, 4. 

eripiant eum a nobis; 
facitque suis Sadiis, 5, 
Lueem, Lux Diem. 

Ex opposite, sunt Tene- 
hra, 6. iode Nox. 



r8> 



In the Night 
shinetb the Moon, 7. 
and the Stan, 8. 
glister and twinkle. 

In the Evening, g. 
is TwH^hi: 

In the Morning^ 10. 
the breaking, and 
dawning of the Day. 



Nocte 

splendet Luna, 7. 
& Stella, 8. 
micant, scinttllant. 

Vesperi, 9. 
est Creputculum: 

Mand Aurora, 10. 
& Diluculum. 



Fire. 



Ignis. 




The ^i>f gloweth, biirn- 
eth and consumeth to 
ashes. 

A spark of it struck out 
of a FJini (or Firestone),!, 
by means of a Sttel, 1. 
and taken by Tyndtr in 
a lender -box, 3. 
lighteth a Match, 4.. 
and after that a CantlU, %. 



Ignis ardet, 
urit, cremat. 

Sdntttia ejus elisa 
e SiUcf, (Pyrite) 2. 
Upe Cfialybis, 1. 
et excepta a Femite 
in Suscitabulo, 3. 
accendit SuJphuratum, 4. 
et inde Candeiam, 5. 



(9J 



or sticky 6. 

and causeth z^flame^ 7. 

or blaziy 8. 

which catcheth hold of 

the Houses. 

Smoak^ 9. 
ascendeth therefrom, 
which, sticking to the 
Chimney y 10. 
turneth into Soot. 

Of a Fire-brandy 
{oT burning stick) 
is made a Brandy 1 1. 
(or quenched stick). 

Of a hot Coal 
{red hot piece 
of a Fire-brand) 
is made a Coal^ 12. 
{or a dead Cinder). 

That which remaineth, 
is at last Ashesy 13. 
and Embers (or hot Ashes), 



vel Lignum, 6. 

et excitat Flammam, 7. 

vel Incendium^ 8. 

quod corripit 

M dificia. 

Fumusy 9. 
ascendit inde, 
qui, adhaerans 
CaminOy 10. 
abit in FuUginem. 

Ex Torrey 
(ligno ardente,) 
fit Titioy II. 
(lignum extinctum.) 

Ex Prunay 
(candente particul& 
Torris,) 
fit CarbOy 12. 
(Farticula mortua.) 

Quod remanet, 
tandem est Cinisy 13. 

& Favilla (ardens Cinis.) 




A cool Air, I. 
breatheth geotly. 

The Wind, 2. 
bio wet h strongly. 

A Storm, 3. 
throweth down Trees- 

A Whirl-wind, 4. 
turneth it self ia around 
compass. 

A Wind under Grauad,^. 
causeth an £arthquake. 

An Earthquake causeth 
gapings of the Earth, 
(and falls of Houses.) 6. 



Aura, 1. 
spiral leniter. 

Venttts, a. 
flat valide. 

Proceila, 3. 
sternit Arbores. 

Tiir^, 4. 
agit se in gyrum. 

Ventus subterraneus, 5^ 
eitcitat Terra metum. 

Terrse motus facit 
Labes (& ruinas.) 6. 




Aqua. 



The IVaitr spriageth 
out of a Fountain, i. 
floweth downwards 
in a Brock, 2. 
runneth in a £eck, 3. 
standeth in a Pond, 4. 
glidetb in a Stream, 5. 
is whirled about 
in a Whirl-pit, 6. 
and causetb Fens, 7. 

The River hath Banks, 8. 

The Aiimaketh Shores,^. 
Bays, 10. C^», II. 
Islands, 13. Almost Islands, 
13. Necks 0/ Land, 14, 
Straighls, 15. 
and hath in it J?wi(i, 16. 



Aqua scatet 
d /"ow/^, I. 
defluit 

in Torrente, a. 
inanat in Rive, 3. 
Stat in Stagno, 4. 
fluit in Flumint, j. 
gyratur 

Fw/w^, 6. 
& facit Faiuies, 7, 

FlumcD habet R^. 

Mare facit LUtora, 9. 
■Sim», 10. Promantoria, 1 
Insubu, II. ^fNMniAw, 1; 
Isthmos, 14. 
/■frfa, 15, 
& babet iVt^&j, 16. 




A Vapcur, I. asceodeth 
from the Water. 

From it a Chud, i. 
is made, and a white Mist, 

3. near the Earth. 
Main, 4, 

and a small Shower distil- 
leth out of a Cloud, drop 
by drop. 

Which being frozen, is 
Mail, 5. half frozen i&Snow, 

4. being warm is Mel-dew. 
In a rainy Cloud, 

set over against the Sun 
the Rainbmv, 7. appeareth. 

A drop falling into the 
water maketh a Bubble, 8. 
tnanr Bubble* make 
froth, 9. 

Frozen Water. is called 
let, 10. 
Dew congealed, 



Ve^r, I. ascendit ex 
AquA, 

Inde Nubes, 1. 
fit, et Nebula, 3. 
prope terram. 

/•/am, 4, 
et Imber, 

'Hat e Nube, 
guttatim. 

Quae gelata, Gremio, 5. 
semigelata, Nix, 6. 
calefacta, Rubigo est 

In nubepluvios&, oppo- 
site soli Iris, 7. appsret. 

Gutta incidens in aquam, 
facit BuUem, S. 
multac BuHa faciunt 
spuroam, 9. 

Aqua congelata 
Glaeies, 10. 
Jiot congelatus, 



(n> 



is called a white Frost. 
TAtmder is made of a 
brimstone-like w^our, 
which breaking out of a 
Cloud, with Z^AiitiHg, II. 
tbundereth and striketh 
with lightning. 



dicitur Prum». 
TmUru fit ex 
Vi^ore sulphureo, 
quod erumpens d Nube 
cum Fulgure, ii. 
tonat & fulminat. 




In the Earth are 
high MomUams, i. 
Deep VmUUs, t. 
MiUs rising, 3. 
Hollow Caves, 4. 
Plain Fidis, $. 
Shady Weod%, 6. 



In Terra sunt 
AIti Montti, 1. 
Profundse vtiiei, i 
Elevati Colles, 3. 
cavEe Speluncae, 4. 
Plani cttmfi, 5. 
Opacae Sylvae, 6. 



ru; 



The Fruits of the Earth. 




A meadow, i. yieldeth 
grass with Flowers and 
Herbs, which being cut 
down, are made Htty, a. 

A Field, 3. yieldeth Cffrn, 
and Pot herbs, 4.. 

Mushrooms, 5. 
StroK-berries, 6, 
MyriU'lrees, &c. 
tome up in Woods, 

Metals, Stones, and JTm- 
grow tmder the earth. 



Praium, 1. feri GrammOt 
cuTCi Ploribus & Htrbis 
quae defecta 
fiunt Fenmm, 2. 

Arvum, 3. fert Frvges, 
& (3/<ra, 4. 
^«V^ 5- 
Fraga, 6. 
MyrtxUi, &c. 
Proveniunt in Sylvis, 

Metalla, Lapides, 
Mineralia, 
nasewUur svb terra. 




Z«Mf, I. 

is soft, and heavy. 

Inm, 2. is hard, 
and Steel, 3. harder. 

They make Tmtiaris 
(or Cmu), 4. of Tw. 
Kettles, s. of Copper, 
Camdieiticks, 6. of Latin, 
JDoOers, 7. of Silver, 
Ihicttis and Crown-piecu, 8. 
Qmei-siher is always li- 
quid, and eatetb thorow 
JIfetaU of Gold. 



/'lumbitm, I, 
est molle & grave. 

Ferntm, 2. est durum, 
& Calybs, 3. durior. 

FaciuDt C«u'Aar(»,4. 
e Stamo. 

AAena, 5, e O^ro, 

Candelal>ra,6. ex Orichaleo, 

TAaleroi, 7. ex ArgenJo, 

Scvta/oi et Coronatot, 8. 

Ex, .^tini. 

Argentum Viuum, semper 
liquet, & corrodit MettiBa. 




Lapides. 



Smd, 1. and Gravel, i. 
is Stone broken into bits. 

A ^etH Stcne, 3. 
is a piece of 
a Ji^t (or Crag) 4. 

A IVieMMe, 5. 
a JPftW, 6. a AfariU, 7. &c 
are ordinary Stones. 

A Load-itoiu, 8. 
draweth Iron to it. 

^evelt, 9. 
are clear Stones, as 

The Diaimmd wliite, 

The Xufy red, 

The Satire blue, 

The Mmeraid green. 

The ya£inth yellow, &c. 
And they glister 
being cut into corners. 

Ptarltd^aA Unisiu, 10. 
grow in Shell-fish. 



Arena, i . & Sabnlum, 2. 
est Lapii comminutus. 

Saxnm,^. 
est pars 
Petrte (Cautis) 4. 

Cos, s- 

Siiex, 6. Marmer, 7. &c. 
sunt obscuri Lapides. 

Magna, 8. 
adtrahit ferrum. 

Gemma, 9. 
sunt pellucidi Lapilli, ut 
Adamas Candidas, 
Rndinut rubeus, 
SafipAirnt cxruleus, 
Smaragdui viridis, 
I/yatynihat luteus, &C. 
et m leant 
angulati. 

Margarita h Uniones, io> 
crescunt in Conchis. 



Corals, II. 
ID a Sea-shrub. 

Amber, 12. is gathered 
from the Sea. 

Glass, 13. is like 
Chrystal. 

Tree. XI 



Cerallia, ri, 
ID Mariafl arbuscuU. 

Succinum,ji. colligitur 
& mari. 

Vitrum, 13. simile est 
Chrystallo. 

[I. Arbor. 




A Plant, 1. groweth 
from a Seed. 

A plant waxeth to a 
Shoal, 2. 

A SAooi to a TVw, 3. 

The Jiool, 4. 
beareth up the Tree. 

The £ody or Stem, 5. 
riseth from the Root. 

The Stem divideth it self 
into Bought, 6. 
and green Branches, 7. 
[Dade oi Leaves, 8, 



. procrescil 



Planta, ; 
e Semine. 

Planta abit 
in FrutUem, 3. 

FruUx ID Arborem, 3. 

Radix, 4. 
Sustentat arborem. 

SHrps {Stemmd) 5. 
Surgit e radice. 

SHrps se dividit 
in Ram^s, 6. 
& Frondes, 7. 
betas e FolHiy 8. 



(iS) 



The fop, 9. 
is in the height. 

The S/tKi, 10. 
is close to the roots. 

A Log, II. 
is the body fell'd down 
without Boughs; having 
£ari and Jiind, 1 2. 
PithinA Heart, 13. 

Bird-lime, 14. 
groweth upon the boughs, 
which also sweat 
Gumm, 
Jiosin, 
Pitch, &c. 



Caeumen, 9. 
est in suDimo. 

Truncus, 10. 
adhserat radicibus. 

Caudex, it. 
est Stipes dejectus, 

; ramis; habeas Cor- 
ticem & Librutn, 1 1. 
pulpam & medullam, 1 3. 

Viseum, 14. 
adaascitur ramis, 
qui etiam sudant, 

Resinam, 
Pieem, &c. 



Fruits of Trees. 



XIV. 



Fructus Arborum. 




Fruits that have no 
shells are pull'd from 
fruit>beariDg trees. 

Iht Apple, 1. Is round. 



Poma 
decerpuntur, 
a fructiferis arboribus. 

Maium, I, est rotundum. 



(^9) 



The JPear^ 2. and Fig^ 3. 
are something long. 

The Cherry^ 4. 
hangeth by a long start. 

The Plumb y 5. 
and P$ach^ 6. 
by a shorter. 

The Mulberry^ 7. 
by a very short one. 

The Wall^nut, 8. 
the Hazel-nut^ 9. 
and ChesUnuiy 10. 
are wrapped in a husk 
and a Shell. 

Barren trees are 11. 
The Firr^ the Alder ^ 
The Birch^ the Cypress^ 
The Beech^ the Ash^ 
The Sallow^th^ Linden'treey 
&c., but most of them af- 
fording shade. 

But the yuniper^ 1 2. 
and Bay-tree^ 13. yield 
Berries, 

The -P/n^, \^. Pine-apples. 

The C?a>^, 15. 
Acorns and (?a//r« 



Pyrum^ 2. & Ficus^ 3. 
sunt oblonga. 

Cerasum^ 4. 
pendet longo Pedioh. 

Prunum^ 5. 
& Persicutn^ 6. 
breviori. 

Morutn^ 7. 
brevissimo. 

iV^«j: yuglans^ 8. 
Avellanay 9. 
& Casianeay 10. 
involuta sunt Cortici 
8t Putamini. 

Steriles arbores sunt 11. 
AbieSy AlnuSy 
Beiulay Cupressus^ 
Fagus^ Fraxinus^ 
Salixy Tiliaf&c, 
sed pleraeque umbriferae. 

At yuniperus^ 12. 
8t Laurus^ 13. ferunt 

Pinus^ 14. Sirobilos, 
QuercuSf 15. 
Glandes & Gallas. 




Amongst the Flowers 
the most noied. 

Id the beginning of 
the Spring are the 
Violet, I. the Crow-toes, 2, 
the Daffodil, 3. 

Then the Lillies, 4. 
white and yellow 
and blew, 5. 
and the Rose, 6. 
and the Clove-giUiflowtrs, 7. 
&c. 

Of these Garlands, 8, 
and Nosegays^ 9. arc 
tyed round with twigs. 

There are added also 
sweet herbs, 10. 
as Marjoram, 
Flower gentle. Rue, 
Lavender, 
Rosemary, 



Inter Sores 
notissimi, 
Prirao vere, 

Viola, 1. ffyacinthus, t.. 
Narcissus, 3. 

Tum Liiia, 4. 
alba & lutea, 
& coerulea, 5. 
tandem Rosa, f>. 
& Carygpkillum, 7, &c. 

Ex his Serta, 8. 
& Service, 9. 
vientur. 

Adduntur etiam 
Herbx gdorata, 10. 
ut Amaracus, 
Amaranthus, Ruta, 
Lavendula, 
Rosmarinus, (Li ban Otis)- 



('•J 



Myscp, Spike, 


Hypossus, Nard, 


Basil, Sage, 


Ocymum, Salvia, 


Mints, &c. 


Menta, &c. 


Amongst Pi eld -flowers. 


Inter Campestres 


II. the most noted are 


Flores, ii. notissimi sunt 


the May-lilHe, 


Lilium Convallium, 


Germander, the Blew-Bottle, 


Ckamadrys, Cyanus, 


■Chamomel, &c. 


Chamamelum, &c. 


And amongst Herbs, 


Et Herbie. 


TVefoil. 


CyHsus (Trifolium) 


Wormwood, Sorrel, 


Absinthium, Acetosa, 


the Nettle, &c. 


Urtica, &c. 


The Tulip, I a. 


Tulipa, IS. 


is the grace of flowers, 


est dccus Florum, 


'but affording nq smell. 


sed expers odoris. 




Fat-herbs 
■grow in Gardens, 
.as Lettiee, \. 
•Colewort, 2. 
■Onions, 3. 



Oiera 
nascuntur in hortis, 
ut Lactuca, i. 
Brassica, 3. 
Ctpa, 3. 



Gar lick, 4. Gourd, 5. 
The Parsnip, 6. 
The Turnep, 7. 
The Jiadish, 8. 
Horse-radish, 9. 
Parsly, 10. 
Cuaimbers, 1 1 , 
and Pompions, 13. 



Allium, 4. Cucurbita, ;. 
5(V«-, 6. 
Papa, 7. 

Raphatuis minor, 8. 
Raphanus major, 9, 
Pelroselinum, 10, 
Cucumeres, 11. 
Pepoms, II. 

Fruges- 




I 



Some Ccr» grows upon 
a straw, 

parted by iaa/r, 
as ff'Af.i/, I. 
JP»>, 3, Barley, 3, 
Id which the fur hath 
mwnts, or else it is without 
awaes, and it nourisheth 
the Curn in the Husk. 

Some instead of an ear, 
have a rixem (or plume) 
containing the corn by 
bunches,as Oats, 4. Millet,^. 
TurAey-wAeat, 6, 



Prumenia quscdam cre- 
scuDt super culmum, 
distinctum geniculis, 
ut, Triticum, i. 
Siligo, z. Hordeum, 3. 
uibus Spiia habet 
Aristas, aut est mutica, fo- 
vetque^rasfl \ngluma. 

gfuEcdam pro Spica, 
ent Paniculam, conti- 
nentem grana tasciatim, 
ut, Avena, 4. Milium, $. 
Prumentum Saracenicum, 5- 



<'i) 



Pulse have Codt, 

which enclose the corns 

in two Shales, 

9S Pease, 7. 

Beans, 8. Vetches, 9. and 

those that are less than 

these Lentils and Urles (o 

Tares). 



Legumina babent SUiquas, 

quae includunt grana 

valvuUs, 

ut, Pisum, 7, 

Faba, 8. Vicia, 9. 

& niinores his 

Lenies & Cicera. 



Shrubs. 




A plant being greater, 
and harder than an herb, 
is called a Shrub: 
such as are 

In Banks and Ponds, 
the Push, I. 
t.h.K Bulrush, 2. 
or Cane without knots 
bearing Cats-tails, 
and the Reed, 3. 
which is knotty and hol- 
low within. 

Elsewhere, 4. 



Plaota major 
& durior herba, 
dicitur Frutex : 
ut sunt 

In ripis & stagnis, 

Seirpus, 2. 
[Canna] enodis 
ferens Typhos, 
& A r undo, 3. 
nodosa et cava 
Intus. 
Alibi, 4. 



the Jiose, 

the Basiard-Corinlks, 

the Elder, the juniper. 

Also the Vine, 5, which 
putteth loiih branches, 6. 
and these fendrels, 7. 
Vine-leaves, 8. 
and BuQchesuf grapes, 9. 
OD the stock whereof 
haog Grapes, 
which contain Grape-stones. 



Rosa, 
Rihes, 
Sambucus, yuniperus. 

Item Vitis, 5. 
quEC emittit Palmites, 6. 
et hi Capreotos, 7. 
Pampinos. 8. 
et Racemos, 9. 
quorum Scapo 
pendent fi'if, 
continentes Acinos. 



Living-Creatures: and First, Birds. 




A living Creature liveth, 
perceiveth, moveth itself; 
is born, dieth, 
is nourished, 
and groweth : standeth, 
or sitteth, or lieth, 
or goeth. 



irimum, Aves. 
Animal vivit, 
Kentit, movet se; 
nascitur, moritur, 
nutritur, 
& crescit ; stat, 
aut sedet, aut cubat, 
aut, graditur. 



('S) 



A Bird, {J^isher, i. 


^wj, (hie Halcyon, 1. 


here the King's making 


in mari oidulans.) 


her nest in the Sea.) 




is covered with Feaihers,i. 


tegitur Plumis, a. 


flyeth with Wings, 3. 


volat Pennis, 3. 


hath two Pinions, 4. 


habel duas .^Am, 4. 


as many Feet, 5. 


totidem T'.fiiw, 5. 


a Tail, 6. 


Caudam, 6. 


and a Bill, 7. 


& Rostrum, 7, 


The Shee, 8. A»y<-M Eggs, 


Famella, 8. ^w/Y Ova, 10. 


10. in a nest, 9. 


in nido, 9. 


and sitting upon ihem. 


et incubans iis. 


hatcheth young ones, 11. 


excludit Putlos, 11. 


An Egg is cover'd 


Oi/uM tegitur 


■vxxh. & Shell, t3. 


testa, 12, 


under which is 


sub qua est 


the While, 13. 


Albumen, 13. 


inthisihe Yolk, 14. 


in hoc r//<-//tfj. 14. 



Aves Domesticae. 




TheOvi, I (vvl 
crowetli in ihc M 



hath a Comb, 2. 

and Spurs, 3. 

being gelded, he is called 

a Capon, and IS crammed 

in a Coop, 4. 

A Hen, j. 
scrape Eh the Dung Ail, 
and picketh up Corns: 
as also the J'igeons, 6, 
(which are brought up in 
a Pigeon-house, 7.) 
and the Turkey-cock, 8. 
with his Turkey-hen, 9. 

The gay Peacock, 10. 
prideth in his Feathers. 

1\\^ Stork, II. 
buildeth her nest 
on the top of the House) 

The Sviallow, 12. 
the Sparrow, 13. 
the Mag-pie, 14. 
the Jackdaw, 15. 
and the Bat, 16. 
(or Flettermouse) 
use to flie about Houses. 



habet Crtstam, 2. 
& Calearia, 3. 
castratusdicitur 
Capo & saginatur 
in Ornithotrophico, 4. 

Gallina, 5. 
ruspatury?«(/i<M, 
& colligit grana: 
sicut & Columba, 6, 
(quie educantur in Colutn- 
bario, 7.) 
& Galtopavus, 8. 
cum sua Meleagride, 9, 

Formosus Pavo, 10. 
superbit pennis. 

Ciconia, 1 1 . 
nidificat 
in tecto. 

Hirundo, 12. 
Passer, 13. 
^/Va, 14. 
Monedula, 15. 
& Vesper tilio, 16. 
(Musalatus) 
volitant circa Domus. 



Singing-Birds. 




The Nightingal, i. sing- 
eth the sweetlyest of all. 

The Lark, 2. singeth 
as she flyeth in the Air. 

The Quail, 3. 
sitting on the ground ; 
others on the boughs of 
trees, 4. as the Canary-bird, 
the Chaffinch, 
the Goldfinch, 
the Siskin, 
the Linnet, 
the little Titmouse, 
the Wood-^all, 
the Rotin-red-breast, 
the Hedge-sparrov, &c. 

The party colour'd Par- 
rel, 5. the Black-bird, 6. 
the Stare, 7. 
with the Mag-pie 
aad the yay, learn 



Luscinia {Philotneld), i, 
cantatsuavissime omnium. 

Alauda, 2. caatillat 
volitans in acre; 

Coturnix, %. 
sedens humi; 

Cieterse, in ramisarbor- 
um, 4. ut Luleola peregrina. 
Fringilla, 
Carduelis, 
Acanthis, 
Linaria, 
parvus Partis, 
Galgulus, 
Rubeeula, 
Curruca, &C. 

Discolor Psittacus, 5. 
Merula, 6. 
Sturnus, 7. 
cum Pica, 
& Monedula, discunt 



to frame men's words. Ihumanas voces formare 

A great many are wont Plerseque solent 
to be shut in Cages, 8. lincludi Caveis, 8, 

xxir. 

Birds that haunt the Fields and Woods. 




Aves Campesti 

The Ostrich, i. 
is the greatest Bird. 

The Wren, 2. 
is the least. 

The Owl, 3. 
is the most despicable. 

The Whoopoo,^. 
is the most nasty, 
for it eateth dung. 

The Bird of Paradise, 5. 
is very rare. 

The Pheasant, 6. 
the Bustard, 7. 



;s & Sylvestres. 

Struthio, I, 
ales est maximus. 

Regutus, I. (Trochilus) 
minimus. 

Noctua, 3. 

Upupa, 4. 
sordidsstmus, 
vesciturenim stercoribus. 

M anucodiata, 5. 
rarissimus. 

Phasianus. 6, 
Tarda (Otis), 7. 



(^9) 



the deaf wild /"w^jM, 8. 
the Moor-hen, 9. 
the Parlrige, 10. 
the Woodcock, II. 
and the Thrush, 12. 
are counted Dainties. 

Among the rest, 
the best are, 
the watchful Cram, 13. 
the mournful Turtle, 14. 
the Cuciojti, 15. 
the Stock-dove, 
the Speight, the yay, 
the Crow, &c., 16. 



surdus, Tetrao, 8. 
Attagen, q. 
Perdix, 10. 

Gallinago (Rusticola), 1 
St Turdus, 12, 
habentur in deliciis. 

Inter reliquas, 
pDtissimic sunt, 
Grus, i3.pervigil. 
Turtur, 14. gemens. 
Cuculus, 15. 
Palumbes, 
Picus, Garru/us, 
Corrtix, &c., 16. 




The £ag/e, 
the King of Birds 
looketh upon the Sun, 

The Vulture, 3. 
and the Raven, 3. 



Rex ATium, 
intuetur Solem, 

Vultur, «. 
& Conms, 3. 



feed upon Carrion. 

The Kile, 4. pursucth 
Cbickens. 

The Falcon, I. 
the Bobbie, 6. 
and the Hawk, 7. 
catch at little Birds. 

The Gerfalcon, 8. catch- 
eth Pigeons and greater 
Birds. 



pascuatur mertiams, 
[cadaveribus.] 

Milvus, 4. insectatur 
pullos gallinaceos. 

Fake, 5, 
Nisus, 6. 
& Accipiter, 7. 
captant aviculas. 

Aslur, 8, capiat 
colunibas & aves majores. 



Water-Fowl. 



Aves Aquaticse. 




The white Swan, 1. 
the Goose, a. 
and the Duck, 3. 
Swim up and down. 

Tlie Cormorant, 4, 

divcLh. 

And to these the water- 
ben, a ivd the Pelican, iiC,,\o. 



Oier, I. Candidas, 
Anser, i. 
& Anas, 3. 
natant. 

Mergus, 4. 
se mergit. 

Adde his Fuiicam, 
PeUcanum, &c., 10. 



(s^) 



The Osprey, s- 
and the Sea-mew, 6. 
fiyiog downwards 
use to catch Fish, 
but the Heron, y. 
standing on the Banks. 

The Bittern, 8. putteth 
his Bill in the water, and 
belloweth like an Ox. 

The Water-wagtail, 9. 
waggeth the tail. 



Haliaetui, 5. 
& Gavia, 6. 
devolantes, 
cap tan t pi sees, 
sed Ardea, 7. 
stans in ripis. 

Butio, 8. 
inferit rostrum aquae, 
& mugit ut bos. 

Motacilla, 9. 
motat caudam. 



Flying Vermin, 



Insecta volantia. 




The Bet, 1 . maketh honey 
which the Droite,3. devour- 
eth. The Wasp, 3. 
and the Hornet, 4. 
molest with a sting; 
and the Gad-Bee 
(or Breese), 5. 
especially Cailel; 



Apis, 1. facit mel 
quod Fucus, t. depascit 

Vetpa, 3. 
& Crabro, 4. 
infestant oculeo ; 
& Oestrum 
(Asilus), J. 
imprimis peeus. 



but ihe Fly, 6, 
and the Gnat, 7. us. 

The Cricket, 8. singeth. 

The Butterfly, 9. is a 
winged Caterpillar. 

Tht Beetle, to. coverelh 
her wings with Cases. 

The Gl<ntt-worm, 11. 
shineth by night. 



autem Musca, 6, 
& Culex, 7. nos, 

Gryllus, 8. cantillat. 

Papillio, 9. est 
alata Eruea. 

Scarabaus, 10, legit 
alas vaginis. 

Cicindela [Lampyris], it. 
nitet aoctu. 



XXVI. 

Four-Footed Beasts: and First those about the 
House. 




The/Jo^, 1. 
with the Whelp, %. 
is keeper of the House. 

The Cat, 3. 



im Catello, 2. 
est custos DomAs. 
Felts (Catus) 3. 



fsiJ 



riddeth the House 
of Mic£, 4. 
which also a 
Moute-irap, j. doth. 

A Squirrel, 6. 
The Ape, 7. 
and the Mtmkey, S. 
are kept at home 
for delight. 

The Dormouse, 9. aad 
other greater Mice, lu. 
as, the Weesel, the Marten, 
and the Ferret, 
trouble the House, 



purgat domum 
4 Muribui, 4. 
quod ettam 
Muscipula, 5. facit. 

Sciurut, 6. 
Simia, 7. 

& Cercopithecus, 8, 
habentur domi 
delectamento. 

Glis, 9. & 
Cieteri Mures majores, 10 
ul, Mustela, Maries, 

infestant domum. 



Herd-Cattle. 



XXVII. 




The Bull, I. the Cmv, 2. , 
and the Cal/^ ■^. 
are covered with hair. 

The Ram, the Weather, 4. 
the^KViS-and theZom^, 6. 
bear wool. 



Taurus, t. Vaeea, 1, 
& Vitulus, 3. 
teguntur pilis. 

Aries, Vervex, 4. 
£7zn>, 5. cum ^/ro, 6. 
gestant lanam. 



(u) 



The He-goat, the Gelt- 


Hireus, Caper, 7. 


gMf, 7. 




with the Sht'goat, 8. 


cum Oi^lrfl, 8. 


and Kid, 9. have 


& Hado, 9. habent. 


shag-hair and beards. 


ViUos & ««/««. 


The ^^y, the Sow, 10. 


Porcus, Scrofa, 10. 


and the Pigs, 11. 


cum Porcellis, 11. 


have hristies. 


habent &/«, 


but not Aiirw; 


at non Comua ; 


but also ftowi feet 


sed etiam Ursulas bistdeas 


as those others (have.) 


ut ilia. 



Labo u r i n );- B easts. 




The -4m, I. 
and the Mule, 2. 
cart7 burthens. 

The Horse, 3. 
(which a Mane, 4. grac- 
eth) carryeth us. 

The Camel, 5. 
carryeth the Merchant 
with bis Ware. 



Asinus, I 
& Mulus, 3. 
gestant Onera. 

Equus, 3. 
(quam Juba, 4. ornat) 
gestat nos ipsos, 

Camelus, 5. 
gestat Mercatorem 
cum roerctbus suis. 



rss; 



The Elephant, 6. 
•draweth bis meat to him 
with bis Trunk, 7. 

He hath two Teeth, 8. 
standing out, 
-and is able to carry 
full thirty men. 



Elephas, (Barrus) 6. 
attrahit pabulum 
Proboscide, 7, 

Habet duos denies, 8. 
prominentes, 
& potest portare 
etiam triginta viros. 



Wild-Cattle. 



Ferw Pecudes. 




The Buff, I . 
and the Buffal, 2. 
are wild Bulls. 

The EIke, 3. 
being bigger than an 
Horse (whose back is im. 
penetraole) hath knaggy 
horns as also the^art, 4. 

but the Jioe, 5- and 
the .^iW-fa//^,almost none 

The Stone-back, 6. 
huge great ones. 

The Wild-goat, 7. 
ksmh very little ones, 
by which she hangetb 
her self on a Rock. 



Urus, I. 
& Bubatus, 2. 
sunt feri Boves. 

AUes, 3. 
major equo 

(cujustergusest impene- 
trabilis) habet ramosacor- 
nua; ut & Cervus, 4. 

Sed Caprea, 5. 
cum Hinnulo, ferd nulla. 

Capricomui, 6. 
prsegrandia; 

Rupicapra, 7. 
minuta, ««*< 
quibus suspendit 
se ad rupem. 



($6) 



The Umforn, 8. 
hath but one, 
but that a precious oue. 

The Boar, 9. assail- 
etb one with his tushes. 

The Hare, 10. is fearful. 

The Cony, ir. 
dig^eth the Earth. 

As also the Mole, 12. 
which maketh hillocks. 



Monoieros, 8. 
habet unuci, 
sed pretiosum. 

Aper, 9. 
grassatur dentibus. 

Lepus, 10. pavet. 

Cuniculus, II. 
perfodit terram ; 

Ul & Talpa, 12. 
quse facit grumes. 



Wild-Beasts. 



Fer:e Besits> 




Wild Beasts 
have sharp paws, and 
teeth, and are flesh eaters. 

As the Lyon, 1. 
the King of four-footed 
Beasts, having a mane; 
with the Lioness. 

The spotted Panther, t. 



Bestia 
habent acutos ungues, & 
dentes,suntque carnivorxr. 

Ut Leo, 1. 
Rex quad ru pedum, 
jubatus ; 
cum Letend. 

Maculosus, /*ar^{Pan- 
thera) a. 



(n) 



The Tyger, 3. 
the cruellest of all. 

The Shaggy Bear, 4. 

The ravenous Wolf, 5. 

The quick sighted Ounce, 
6. TheUyled/D:ir, 7. 
the craftiest of all. 

The Hedge-hog, 8. 
is prickly. 

The Badger, 9. 
delighteth in holes. 



Tygris, 3. 
immanissima omnium. 

Villosus Ursus, 4. 

Rapax Lupus, ;. 

Lynx, 6. visu pollens, 

Caudata Vulpes, 7. 
astutissima omnium. 

Erinaceus, 8, 
est aculeatus. 

Melts, 9. 
gaudet latebris. 



XXXI. 
Serpents and Cr< 




Snakes creep 
by winding themselves; 

The Adder, i. 
in the wood; 

The Water-snake, 2. 
in the water; 

The Viper, 3. 
.amongst great stones. 



Serpentes & Reptilia. 



Angues repunt 
sinuando se; 

Coluber, I. 
in Sylv&; 

Natrix, (hydra) a 
in Aqu&; 

Vifra. 3. 
in saxis; 



r3«; 



The Asp, 4. in the fields. 

The .ffoa,(or Mild-snake) 
5. in Houses. 

The Slew-worm, 6. 
is blind. 

The Lizzard, 7. 
and the Salamander, 8. 
(that liveth long in fire) 
have feet. 

The Dragon, 9. 
a winged Serpent, 
killetb with his Breath. 

The Basilisk, 10. 
with his Eyes ; 

And the Scorpion, 11, 
with his poysonoiis tail. 



Aspis, 4, in campis. 

£oa, 5. 
in Domibus. 

Caeilia, 6. 
est coeca. 

Lacerta, 7. 

Salamandra, 8. 
(in igne vivax,) habenc 
pedes. 

Draco, 9. 
Serpens alatas, 
necat halitu. 

Basiliscus, 10. 
Oculis; 

Scorpio, 1 1 . 
venenata caudd. 



Craw ling* Vermin. XXXII. Insecta repentia. 




Worms gnaw thzt^s. 



Vermes, rodunt res. 



r 39J 



The Earth'Wormy i, 
the Earth. 

The Caterpillar y 2. 
the Plant. 

The Grashopper^ 3. 
the Fruits. 

The Mite^ 4. the Corn. 

The Timber^worm^ 5. 
Wood. 

The Mothy 6. a garment. 

The Book^worniy 7. 
a Book. 

Maggots^ 8, 
Flesh and Cheese. 

Hand'Worms^ the Hair. 

The skipping Flea^ 9. 
the LowsCy 10. 
and the stinking 
Wall-louscy 1 1, bite us. 

The Tike, 12. 
is a blood-sucker. 

The Silk-worniy 13. 
maketh silk. 

The Pismire y 14. 
is painful. 

The Spider, 15. 
weaveth a Cobweb, 
nets for flies. 

The Snail, 16. carri- 
eth about her Snail-horn. 



Lumbricus, i. 
terram. 

Eruca, 2. 
plantam. 

Cicada, 3. 
Fruges. 

Circulio, 4. Frumenta. 

Teredo, (cossis) 5. 
Ligna. 

Tinea, 6. vestem. 

Blatta, 7. 
Librum. 

Termites, 8. 
carnem & caseum. 

Acari, Capillum. 

Saltans Pulex, 9. 
Pediculus, 10. 
foetans Cimex, 11. 
mordent nos. 

Ricinus, 12. 
sanguisugus est. 

Bombyx, 13. 
facit sericum. 

Formica, 14. 
est laboriosa. 

Aranea, 15. 
texit Araneum, 
retia muscis. 

Cochlea, 16. 
circumfert testam. 



(40) 

XXXIII. 

\ Creatures that live as well hy Water as by Land. 




Amphibia. 



Creatures that live by 
laud and by water, are 

The Crocodile, i. 
a cruel and preying Beast 
of the River Nilus ; 

The Castor or Beaver, 2. 
having feet like a Goose, 
and a scaly tail to swim. 

The Otter, 3. 

The croaking Frog, 4. 
with the Toad. 

The Tortoise, j. 
covered above and be- 
neath with shells, 
as with a target. 



Viventia 
in terrd & aqu&, sunt 

Crocodilus, 1. 
immanis & prsedatrix bes- 
tia Nili fluminis; 

Castor, (Fiber) 3. 
habeas pedes anserinos 
& squameam Caudam 
ad natandum. 

& coaxans Rana, 4. 
cum Bufone. 
Testudo, 5. 
Operta & infra, 
testis, 
ceu scuto. 



XXX IV. 
River Fish and Pond Fish. 




Pisces Fluviatiles & Lacustres. 



A Fish hath Fins, i. 
•with which it swimmeth, 
and Gills, 2. 

by which ittaketh breath, 
and Prickles 

instead of bones: besides 
the Male hath a Milt, 
and the Female a Row. 

Some have Scales. 
as the Carp, 3. 
and the Luce or Pike, 4. 

Some are sleek 
as the Eel, 5. 
and the Lamprey, 6. 

The Sturgeon, 7. 
having a sharp snout, 
groweth beyond the 
Jength of a Man. 

The Sheath-fisk, 8. 



Piscis liabet Pinnas, i. 
quibus natat; 
& Branchias, 2. 
quibus respirat; 
& Spinas 

loco ossium : prjeterea, 
Mas Lactes, 
Famina Ova. 

Quidamhabent.Sl^uiim0; 
ut Carpio, 3. 
Lucius, (Lupus) 4. 

Alii sunt glabri, 
ut, Anguilla, y. 
Mustela, 6. 

Accipenser (Sturio), 7. 
mncronatus, crescit 
ultra longitudinem viri. 

Silurus, 8. 



hvring wide Cheeks, 


bucculentus, 


is bigger than he : 


major illo est: 


But the greatest, 


Sed maximus 


is the Huson, 9. 


Antaseus (Huso,) 9. 


Mitiews, 10. 


Apua, 10. 


swimming by shoals, 


oauntes Kregatim, 


are the least. 


sunt minutissimiB. 


Others of this sort are 


Alii hujus generis sunt 


the Perch, the Bley, 


Perca, Alburnus, 


the Sarbel, 


Muiius, (Barbus) 


the Esc/i, the Trout, 


Thymallus, Trutta, 


the Gudgeon, ^aA Tremh,\\. 


Gobiui, Tinea, 11. 


The Crab-fiih, 12, iscov- 


Cancer, 11. 


ered with a shell, and it 


tegitur crusta. 


hath Qaws, aod crawleth 


habetque thelas, & gradi- 


forwards and backwards. 


tur porro & retrd. 


The Horse-leech, 13. 


Hirudo, 13. 


sucketh blood. 


sugit sanguinem. 



XXXV 

Sea-fish and Shell fish Marini p sees & Concha. 




The Whal sthe I B I na {Ce s) max- 

gieatest of the Sea-fish. | imus Piscmm marinorum- 



The Dolphin, 2. 
the swiftest. 

The Seate, j. 
the most oioDstrous. 

Others are the Lamprel,^ 
the Salman, or the Lax, 5. 

There are also fish that 
flie, 6, Add Herrings, 7, 
which are broughtpickled, 
and Place, 8. and Cods, 9. 
which are brought dry; 
and the Sea moosters, 
the Seal. to. 
and the Sea-horse, &c. 

Shell-fisA,n. have Shells. 

The Oyster, 12. 
affordeth sweet meat. 

Tha Purple-fish, 13. 
purple ; 

The others. Pearls, 14. 



Delphinus, 1. 
velocissimus. 

Raia, 3. 
moDStrossinius. 

Alii sunt Muranula, 4. 
Salmo, (Esox) 5. 

Danturetiam TOlatile5,6. 

Adde Haleces, 7. 
qui salsi, 

& Passeres,%. cum Asellis,^, 
qui adferuntur arefacti ; 
k monstra marina, 
Phocam, 10. 
Hipp&potamum, &c. 

Cowha, 1 1 . habet teStas, 

Oslrea, la. 
dat sapidam carnem. 



Murex, 
purpuram 
AH' 



4. Margaritas. 



Man. 




Adam, i. the firsi Man, | Adamus, 1. primus Homo, 



(*tj 



was made by God after 
his owD Image the sixth 
day of the Creation, of a 
lump of Earth. 

And Eve, a. 
the first Woman.tras made 
of the Rib of the Man. 

These, being tempted 
by the I>evi/ under the 
shape of a Serpent, 3. 
when they had eaten of the 
iruit of the /orfy'dJen Tree, 
4. were condemned, 5. 
to misery and death, 
with all their posterity, 
and cast out of Paradise, 6. 



formatus est a Deo 
ad Imaginem suam 
sextd die Creationis, 
e Gleba Terrse. 

Et Eva, a. 
prima mulier, 
formaia est e cost& vlri. 

Hi. seducti 
abolo sub specie 
Serpentis, 3. 
cum comederent 
de fructu vetita arboris, 4. 
damnati sunt, 5. 
ad miseriam & mortem, 
cum omni posteritate sua, 
& ejecti e Paradiso 6. 



XXXVll. 
The Seven Ages of Man. 




Septcm States Hominis. 
AJ/<uiisfirstan/n/<zn/,i. | Homom primiim In/af. 



<K> 



then a Bt^, a, 

tlien a Yffu/A, 3. 

then a Young'tnan, 4. 

then a Man, 5. 

after that an Elderly-manfi. 

and at last, a decrepid old 

So also in the other Stx, 
there are, a Girl, 8. 
A Damasel, 9. a Maid, 10. 
A Woman, 11, 
an elderly Woman, 12. and 
a decrepidold Woman, 13. 



deinde Puer, ». 
tum Adolescens, ]. 
inde Juvenisy 4. 
posted F», J. 
dehinc Senex, 6. 
tandem Silicernium, 7. 

Sic etiam in altero Sexu, 
sunt, ^«/a, 8. 
Puella, 9. Virgo, 10, 
Mulier, 11. 
Vetula, II. 
y^fltu decrepita, 13, 



xxxvin. 

The Outward Parts of a Man. 




Membra Hominis Externa. 
The /^Aii/, 1. is abore, | Caput, t. est supra, 
the Feet, 30. below. j infra Pedes, 30. 



(46) 



the fore part of the Neck 
(which ends at 
the Arm^holes^ 3.) 
is the Throaty 3. the 
hinder part, the Crag^ 4. 

The JSreast^ 5, is before; 
the backy 6, behind ; 
Women have in it 
two Dugs^ 7. 
with Nipples^ 

Under the Breast 
is the Belly^ 9. 
in the middle of it 
the Navels 10. 
underneath the Groyn^ 11. 
and lYiQ privities. 

The Shoulder 'blades y 12. 
are behind the back, 
on which the Shoulders 
depend, 13. 
on these the Arms^ 14. 
with iYitElbow^i^, and then 
on either side the Handsy 
the rights 8. and the lefty 16. 

The Loyns 
are next the Shoulders, 
with the HipSy 18. 
and in the Breechy 
the Buttocks^ 19. 

These make the Foot; 
the Thighy 21. then theZ^^, 
23. (the Kneey being be- 
twixt them, 22.) 
in which is the Calfy 24. 
with the Shiny 25. 
then the AnkleSy 26. 
the Heely 27, 
and the SoUy 28. 
in the very end, 
the great Toey 29. 
with four (other) Toes. 



Anterior pars Colli 
(quod desit 
in AxillaSy 2.) 
est yugulutfiy 3. 
posterior Cervix, 4. 

Pectusy 5, est ante; 
Dorsuniy 6. retro; 
Foeminis sunt in illo 
binae Mammay 7. 
cum Papillis, 

Sub pectore 
est Venter^ g. 
in ejus medio, 
UtnbelicuSy 10. 
subtus Ingueny 11. 
isL pudenda. 

ScapultBy 12. 
sunt a tergo, 
& quibus pendent humeri^ 

ab his Brachtay 14. 
cum CubitOy 15. inde ad 
utrumque Latus, Manus^ 
Dexter ay 8. & Sinistray 16. 

Lumbiy 17. 
excipiunt Humeros, 
cum Coxisy 18. 
& in Podicey (culo) 
Nates y 19. 

Absolvunt Pedem ; 
Femur y 21. tum CruSy 23. 
{Genu^ 22. intermedio.) 

in quo Suray 24. 
cum Tilia^ 25. 
abhinc Taliy 26. 
CalXy (Calcaneum) 27. 
& SoluMy 28. 
in extreme 
Hallux y 29. 
cum quatuor Digitis. 



(47 J 
XXXIX. 

The Head and the Hand. 



Caput & Manus. 




In the Jfead are 
the Ifair, I. 
(which is combed 
with a Cffmi, 3.) 
two £ari, 3. 
the Temphi, 4. 
and the Face, 5. 

Id the Face are 
the Fore-head^ 6. 
both the Eyes, 7. 
the Nose, 8. 
(with two Nostrils) 
the Mouth, g. 
the Cheeks, 10. 
and the Chin, 13. 

The Mouth is fenced 
with a Mustacho, it. 
aad Lips, \t. 



I {In Capite sunt 
Capillus, I, 
(qui pectltur 
PecHne, a.) 
Aurts, J. binae, 
& Tempora,^. 
Fades, ;- 

In facie sunt 
Frons, 6. 
Oeulus, 7. uterque, 

^dJHJ, 8. 

(cum duabus W^nri^Mj) 

Os,g. 

Germ, (Mais) 10. 

& Mentum, 13. 

Os septum est 
Mystaee, it. 
& Labiis, 1 3. 



r48; 



A Tongue and a Palate^ 
and Teeth^ i6. 
in the Cheek-bone. 

A Man's Chin 
is covered with a BeardyX^. 
and the Eye 
(in which is the White 
and the Apple) 
with eye4idsy 
and an eye-brow^ 15. 

The -^fl«^ being closed 
is a Fist^ 17. 

being open is a Painty i8. 
in the midst, is the hollow^ 
1 9. of the Hand, 
the extremity is the 
Thumby 20. 
with four FingerSy 
the Fore-fingery 2 1 . 
the Middle- finger y 22. 
the Ring-finger y 23. 
2LTk6.iht Little-fingery 24. 

In every one are 
three joyntSy a. b. c. 
and as many knucklesy d.e.f. 
with a iViw7, 25. 



Lingua cum PalatOy 
DeniibuSy i6. 
in Maxilla^ 

Mentum virile 
tegitur Barbay 14^ 
Oculos vero 
(in quo Albugo 
& Pupilla) 
palpabriSy 
& supercilioy 15. 

Manus contracta, 
Pugnusy 17. est 
aperta, Palmay 18. 
in medio K<7/a, 19. 

extremitaSy 

Pollexy 20. 

cum quatuor DigitiSy 

Indicey 21. 

Medioy 22. 

Annulariy 23. 

& Auriculariy 24. 

In quolibet sunt 
articuli tres, a. b. c. 
& totidem Condyli^ d. e. f. 
cum UnguCy 25. 



r*9 J 

The Flesh and Bowels. XL 



Caro & Viscera. 




In the Body are the Skin 
with the Membratus, 
the Flesh with the Museles, 
the Ckafuls, 
the Gristles, 
the Bones and the Bowels. 

The 5'^tn, i. being pull'd 
off.theJ^lesA, 2. appeareth, 
not in a continual lump, 
but being distributed, as 
it were in stuft puddings, 
which they call Muscles, 
whereof therearereckoDcd 
four hundred and five, be- 
ing the Chanels of the Spi- 
rits, to move the Members. 

The Bowels are the in- 
ward Members : 

As in the Head, the 
£rains,i. being compassed 
about with a Skull, and 



In Corpore sunt Cutis 
cum Membranis, 
Caro cum Musculis, 
Canales, 
Cartilagines, 
Ossa & Viscera. 

Cute, 1. detractl, 
Caro, 1. apparet, 
non continue massA, 
sed distributa, 
tanquam in farcimina, 
quos vDcant Musculos, 
quorum numerantur 
guadringenti quinque, 
canales Spirituum, 
ad movendum Membra. 

Viscera sunt Membra in- 
terna : 

Ut in Capite,CVr«M(»i, 3. 
circumdatum Cranio, & 



the Skin which covereth 
the Skull. 

In the Breast, the Heart, 

4. covered with a thin 
5%'Maboutit,aDdtheZ»nfj', 

5. breathing to and fro. 
In the Belly, 

the Stomach, 6. 
and the Guts, 7. 
covered with a Caul. 
The Livtr, 8. 

and in the left side oppo- 
site against it, the Milt, g. 
the two Kidneys, 10. 
and the Bladder, 11. 

The Breast 
is divided from the Belly 
by a thick Membrane, 
which is called 
the Mid-riff, 12. 



Perieranio. 

In Pectore, Cm; 4. 
obvolutum Pericardia, 
& Pulmo, 5. 
respirans. 

In Ventre, 
Ventriculus, 6. 
& Intestina, 7. 
obducta Ofnento. 
recur, (Hepar) 8. 
& & sinistro oppositus 
ei Lien, 9. 
duo Rents, 1 o. 
cum Vesica, 1 1. 

Pectus 
dividitur & Ventre 
crassd Membranfl, 

Iuae vocatur 
yiaphragma, 12. 



The Chanels and Bones. XLI. Canales & Ossa. 




TheChanelsof theBodyare | Canales Corporis sunt 



(S^J 



the Fetns^ carrying 

the Blood from the Liver; 

The Arteries (carrying) 
Heart and Ldfe from the 
Heat ; 

The Nerves (carrying) 
Sense and Motion 
throughout the Body from 
the Brain. 

You shall find these 
three, i. everywhere 
joined together. 

Besides, from the Mouth 
into the Stomach is 
the Gullet, 2. the 
way of the meat and drink; 
and by it to the Lights,the 
Wezand, 5. for breathing; 
from the Stomach to the 
Anus is a great Intestine, 3. 
to pursue out the Ordure ; 
from the Liver to the 
Bladder, the Ureter, 4. 
for making water. 

The Bones are 
in the Head, the Skull, 6. 
the two Cheek-bones, 7. 
with thirty-two Teeth^ 8. 

Then the Back-bone, 9. 
the Pillar of the Bodv, 
consisting of thirty-four 
turning yointsy that the 
Body may bend it self. 

The Ribs, 10. whereof 
there are twenty-four. 

The Breast-bone, 1 1 . 
the two Shoulder-blades, 1 2. 
the Buttock-bone, 13. 
the bigger Bone in the 
Arm, 15. and 
the lesser Bone in the Arm. 



Vence deferentes 
Sanguinem ex Hepate ; 

Arterice, Calorem 
& Vitam d Corde ; 

Nervi, Sen sum 
et Motum, per 
Corpus a Cerebro. 

Invenies haec tria, 1. 
ubique sociata. 

Porrd, ab Ore 
in Ventriculum 
Gula, 2. 

via cibi ac potus ; & 
juxta hanc^ ad Pulmonem 
Guttur,$, pro respiratione ; 
& ventriculo ad Anum 
Colon, 3. 

ad excernendum Stercus; 
ab Hepate ad Vesicam, 
Ureter, 4. 
reddendae urinas. 

Ossa sunt 
in Capite, Calvaria, 6. 
duae MaxillcR, 7. cum 
XXXn. DenHbus, 8. 

Tum, Spina dor si ^ 9. 
columna Corporis, 
constans ex aXXIV. 
Vertebris, ut Corpus 
queat flectere se 

CostcRy 10. 
quarum viginti quatuor. 

Os Pectoris, 1 1 . 
duae Scapulae, 12. 
Os sessibuli, 13. 
Lacerti, 15. 

& Ulna. 



(s^) 



The Thigh-bom, 14. 
the foremost, 16. 
and the hindmost Bone, 
in the Leg, 17. 

The Bones of the Hand, 
18, are thirty-four, and 
of the Foot, 19. thirty. 

The Marrow is in the 
Bones. 



Tibia, 14. 
Fibula, 16. anterior, 
& posterior, 17. 

Ossa Manfis, 18. 
sunt triginta quatuor. 
Pedis, 19. triginta. 

Medulla est in Ossibus, 



XLII. 

The Outward and Inward Senses. 




There are five outward 
Senses ; 

The Eye, 1. seeth Col- 
ours, what is white or 
black, green or blew, 
red or yellow. 

The Ear, 1. heareth 
Sounds, both natural, 
Voices and Words; 
and artificial, 



Sunt quinque extern! 

Oculus, I, videt Colores, 
quid album vel atrum, 
viride vel cceruleum, 
rubrum aut luteum, sit. 

Auris, 2, audit Sonos, 
turn naturales. 
Voces & Verba; 
turn artificiales. 



rs3) 



Musical Tunes. 

The Nose^ 3. scenteth 
-smells and stinks. 

The Tongue, 4. with the 
roof of the Mouth tastes 
Savours, what is sweet or 
bitter, keen or biting, sow- 
er or harsh. 

The Hand, 5. by touch- 
ing discerneth the quan- 
tity and quality of things; 
the hot and cold, 
^he moist and dry, 
the hard and soft, 
the smooth and rough, 
the heavy and light. 

The inward Senses are 
three. 

The Common Sense, j. 

under the forepart of the 

head, apprehendeth 

things taken from 

the outward Senses. 

The Phantasie, 6. 
under the crown of the head 
judgeth of those thines, 
thinketh and dreametn, 

The Memory, 8. 
under the hinder part of the 
.^a^,layeth up every thing 
and fetcheth them out : 
It loseth some, 
and this \s forgetfulness. 

Sleep, is 
the rest of the Senses. 



Tonos Musicos. 

Nasus, 3, olfadt 
odores & foetores. 

Lingua, 4. cum Palato 
gustat Sapores, quid 
dulce aut amarum, acre 
aut acidum, acerbum aut 
austerum. 

Manus, 5. tangendo 
dignoscit quantitatem, 
& qualitatem rerum ; 
calidum & frigidum, 
humidum & siccum, 
durum & molle, 
laeve & asperum, 
grave & leve. 

Sensus interni sunt tres. 

Sensus Communis, 7. 

sub sincipite 

apprehendit 

res perceptas 

a Sensibus externis. 

Phantasia, 6. 
sub vertice, 
dijudicat res istas, 
cogitat, somniat. 

Memoria, 8. 
sub occipitio, 
recondit singula 
& depromit : 
deperdit quaedam, 
& hoc est oblivio. 

Somnus, 
est requies Sensuum. 



The Soul of Man 



Anima bominis^ 




The Soul is the Life of 

the 6ody,onc in the whole. 

Only Vegetative '\a Plants; 

Withal Sensitive in Ani- 
mals ; 

And also rational in 
Afen. 

This consistetb in three 
things ; 

In the Understanding, 
whereby it judgeth 
and understandeth 
a tbin^ good and evil, 
or true, or apparent. 

In the Will, 
whereby it choosetb, 
and desireth, 
or rejecteth, and mis- 
liketh a thing known. 

In the Mind, 
whereby it pursueth 



Anima est vita 
corporis, una in toto. 

Tantdm Vegetativa in 
Plantis ; 

Simul Sensitiva in Am- 
malibus ; 

Etiam Rationalis in 
ffomine. 

Haec coQsistet in tribus:: 

In Afenie (Intellectu) 
qui cognoscit, 
a intelTigit, 
bonum ac malum, 
vel verum, vel apparens. 

In Voluntate, 
qufl. eligit, 
& concupiscit, 
aut rejicit, 
& aversatur cognitum. 

In Animo, 
quo prosequitur 



css; 


the Good chosen or avoid- 


Bonum electum, 


eth the Evil rejected. 


vel fugit Malum rejcctum. 


Heace is H^e and Fear 


Hinc Spes & Timor, 


in the desire, 


in cupidine, 


and dislike. 


& aversatione : 


Hence is Love and yey. 


Hinc Amor & Gaudium, 


in the Fruition: 


in fruitione: 


But Anger and Grief, 


Sed Ira ac Dolor, 


in suffering. 


in passione. 


The true judgment of a 


Vera cognitio rei. 


thing is Knowledge ; 


fi%t ScienHa ; 


the false, is Error, 


falsa, Error, 


Opimon and SuipUton. 


Opinio, Suspicio. 



XLIV. 

Deformed and Monstrous People. 




Deformes & Monstrosi. 



Monstrous tnA de- 
formed People are those 
which differ in the Body 
from the ordinary shape, 



Monstrosi, 
& deformes sunt 
abeuntes corpore 
i communi formi, 



as the huge Gyant, i. 
the little Dwarf, 2. 
One with two Bodies, 3. 
One with two Heads, 4. 
and such like Monsters. 

Amongst these are reck- 
oned. The jWt-Aeaded, ;, 
The great ncsed, 6. 
The blubber-lipped, 7. 
The blub-chteked, 8. 
The goggle-eyed, 9. 
The wry-necked, 10. 
The great-throated, 11. 
The Crump-backed, ix. 
The Crump-footed, 13. 
Tbc steeple-crowned, 15, 
add to these 
The Bald-pated, 14. 



unt) immanis Gigas, 
nanus {Pumilio), 2. 
Bicorpor, 3. 
Biceps, 4. 
& id genus monstra. 

His accensentur, 
Capita, 5, 
Naso, 6. 
Labeo, 7. 
^wircu, 8. 
Strata, 9. 
Obstipus, 10, 
Strumosus, 1 1 . 
Gibbosus, \2. 
Loripes, 13. 

adde 
Calvastrum, 14. 



XLV. 
The Dressing of Gardens. 




We have seen Man; I Vidimus homioem : 
Now let us go on to Man's | Jam pergamus 



rs7; 



Jiving^ and to Handy-craft- 
Trades^ which tend to it. 

The first and most an- 
« cient sustenance^ were the 
Fruits of the Earth, 

Hereupon the first la- 
bour of Adam, was 
the dressing of a garden. 

The Gardener^ i. 
diggeth in a Garden-plot^ 
with a Spade^ 2, 
or Mattock^ 3. 
and maketh Beds^ 4. 
and places wherein to 
plant TreeSy 5. 
on which he setteth 
Seeds and Plants, 

The Tree- Gardener^ 6. 
planteth Trees, 7. 
in an Orchard^ 
and grafteth Cyonsy 8. 
in Stocks^ 9. 

He fenceth his Garden, 
either bv care, 
with a moundy lo. 
-or a Stone-wally 1 1. 
-or a rally 12. 
or Pales y 13. 
or a JledgCy 14. 
made oi Hedge-stakeSy 
and bindings ; 

Or by Nature, with 
Brambles and Bryers^ 15. 

It is beautified 
with Walks^ 16. 
and Galleries y 17. 

It is watered 
with Fountains^ 18. 
and a Watering-pot^ 1 9. 



ad Victum hominis, & ad 
Artes MechanicaSy quae hue 
faciunt. 

Primus & antiquissimus 
VictuSy erant 
Fruges Terrce, 

Hinc primus Labor 
Adami, 
Horti cultura, 

Hortulanus (Olitor), i. 
fodit in ViridariOy 
Ligone^ 2. 
aut BipaliOy 3. 
facitque Pulvinos^ 4. 
2lC Plantaria^ 5. 

quibus inserit 
Semina & Plantas, 

Arbor ator^ 6. 
plantat Arbores, 7. 
in P Ontario y 
inseritque SurculoSy 8. 
ViviradicibuSy 9. 

Sepit hortum 
vel Cura, 
MurOy 10. 
aut Macericy 11. 
aut Vacerra^ 12. 
aut Plancisy 13. 
aut 5(i^<f, 14. 
fiex& ^ sudibus 
& vitilibus ; 

Vel Natura 
Dumis & VepribuSj 15. 

Ornatur 
AmbulacriSy 16. 
& PerguliSy 17. 

Rigatur 
FontaniSy 18. 
& Harpagioy 19. 



-^B WS3 an' 3-Bi^ \. ^ii 






r?=±- His 

- ^ Clc-sy, 5. 



OiJwai, It. 
LfHfa, 13, 
, Cii>, 15. 
adde 



XLV. 
; GutJcos. Hortonim cultun. 




Wria«se«Ilin: I Vidimus dominem ; 
Now 1« BS go o" to Man's ( Jim perpamus 






fil) 



Jiving, and to Handy-traft- 
TVdiiSrf, which tend to it. 

The first and most an- 
• cient lyitinance, were the 
Fruits of the Earth. 

Hereupon the first la- 
bour of Adam, was 
the dressing of a garden. 

The Gardener, \. 
diggeth in a Garden-plot, 
with a Spade, 2. 
or Mattock, 3. 
and maketh Beds, 4. 
and places wherein (o 
plant Trees, g. 
on which he setteth 
Seeds and Plants. 

The Tree-Gardener, 6. 
planteth Trees, 7. 
in an Orchard, 
and grafteth Cyons, 8. 
in Stocks, 9. 

He fenceth his Garden, 
either by care, 
with a mound, 10. 
or a Stone-wall, 1 1. 
or a rail, 1 2. 
or Pales, 13, 
or a Hedge, 14. 
made of Hedge-stakes, 
and bindings ; 

Or by Nature, with 
Brambles and Bryers, i 5. 

It is beautified 
with Walks. 16. 
and Galleries, 17. 

It is watered 
with /vjffy 
and a Watering-pet, 



lad fu-Atat hominis, & ad 
\Arlei Meehatdeas^e^x hue 
^iuDt. 
I Primus & antiquisstmus 

/V./uj, erant 

Hinc primus Labor 
Adami, 
Horti cultura. 

Hortulamus (Olitor), 1. 
fodit in Viridaria, 

aut Bipalio, t,. 
facitque Puhinos, 4. 
ac Plantaria, g. 

quibusinserit 
Semina & Plantas. 

Arhorator, 6. 
planiat Arbores, 7. 
in Pomario, 
inseritqiie Sureulos, 8. 
Viviradicibus, 9. 

Sepii hortum 
vel Cura, 

aut Macerie, 11. 
aut Vacerra, 1 2, 
aut Plancis, 13, 
aut i"ir/(r, 14. 
fiexA h sudibus 
•itilibus ; 

/el Natura 
Dumis & Vepribus, 15. 

Ornatur 
Amhulacris, 16, 

Ptr^ulis. 

Rij-aiur 




c 



Agricultura. 




The Plow- man, i. 


Arator, 1. 


yoketh Oxtfi, 3. 


jungit B<wes, 3. 


to a Plough, 1. 


Aratro, 3. 


and holding the Plow-still, 


& tenens Stivam, 4. 


4. in his left hand. 


Ia:vft, 


and the Plow-staff, ;, 


Rallum, s. 


in his right hand, 


dextrll, 


with which he reraoveth 


qu& amovet 


Clods, 6. 


Glebas, 6. 


he cutteth the Land, 


scindit terrain 


(which was manured afore 


(stercoratam antca 


with Dung, 8.) 


Fimo, 8.) 


with a Share, 7. 


Vomere, 7. 


and a Coulter, 


et /><fn/fl//. 


and maketh/«rr<?TOj, 9. 


facitque 5'«/ffJ, 9. 


Then he sowtth 


Turn seminal 


the Seed, 10. 


Semen, 10. 


and harroweth it in 


& inoccat 


v'\X.\i %. Harrow, 11. 


Oced, II. 


T\ii Reaper, 12. 


Messor, 11, 


sheareth the ripe corn 


metit fruges maturas 


withaAVi/^ ij.gather- 


Fake messoris, ij. 


«h up the handfuls, 14. 


colligit Manipulos, 1+ 



( S9J 



Aadbiadelbthe SAeavfs, 15. 


& colligat Mergetes, 15. 


The Thraiker, 16. 


7>(tor, 16. 


thrasheth Corn 


triturat frumentum 


on tht Barn-Jloor, 17. 


in Area Horrei, 17. 


with a J'/ay/, 18. tosseth 


FtageUo (xrWmU), 18. 


it in a winruninng-basket, 1 9. 


jactat ventilabro, ig. 


and so when the CHaf, 


atque ita Paled 


and the Straw, 10. 


& Stramine, 10. 


are separated from it, he 


separatA, 


putteth it into Sacks, iz. 


congerit in iiwirw, 31. 


The Mower, 2a. 


Fceniseca, 33, 


makcth Ifay in a Meadow, 


facit Ftxnum in /"ra/o. 


cuttioR down Grass 


desccans Gramen 


with a Silhe, 13. 


FaUt fcenaria, 13. 


and raketb it together 


corradilque 


with a Rake, 34. and 


Rastro, 34. 


maketh up Cocks, 26. 


componit Acervos, 36. 


witha/cr*, 35, and 


^»«<i, 35. & 


Carrieth it on Carriages,aT. 


CODvehit Vekibus, 27. 


into the Hay-bam, 28. 


in Famle, aS. 



Grasing. 




reo; 



Tillage of groundy 
and keeping Cattle^ 
was in old time the care 
of Kings and Noble-men ; 
at this Day only of the 
meanest sort of People. 

The Neat-heard^ i. 
calleth out the Heards^ 2. 
out of the Beast'houses, 3. 
with a Horny 4. 
and driveth them to feed. 

The Shepherd, 5. 
feedeth his Flock, 6. 
being furnished with a 
Pipe, 7. and a Scrip, 8. 
and a Sheep-hook, 9. 
haying with him a great 
Dog, 10. 

fenced with a Collar, 11. 
against the Wolves. 

Swiney 1 2. are 

fed out of a Swine-Trough. 

The Farmer^ s Wife, 13. 
milketh the Udders 
of the Cow, 15. 
at the Cratch, 15. 
over a milk-pale, 16. 
and maketh Butter 
of Cream 
in a Churn, 17. 
and Cheeses, 18. 
of Curds. 

The Wool, 19. 
is shorn from Sheep^ 
whereof several Garments 
are made. 



Cultus Agrorum, 
& res pecuaria, 
antiquissimis teroporibus, 
erat cura Regum,Heroum; 
hodie tantum infirmae 
Plebis, 

Bubulcus, I. 
evocat Armenia, 2. 
A Bovilibus, 3. 
Buccina (Cornu), 4, 
& ducit pastum. 

Opilio (Pastor), 5. 
pascit Gregem, 6. 
instructus Fistula, 7. 
& Pera, 8. 
ut & Pedo, g. 
habens secum Molossum, 
10. 

munitum Millo, 1 1 . 
contra Lupos. 

Sues, 12. sagi- 

nantur ex aqualiciUo hant. 

Villica, 13. 
mulget libera 
voce a, 14. 
ad Prasepe, 15. 
super mulctra, 16. 
et facit Butyrum 

in Vase butyrcueo, 17. 
et Caseos, 18. 
d Coagulo. 

Lana, 19. 
detondetur Ovibus, 
ex qui variae F^rx/^rx 
conficiuntur. 



XLVIII. 



The making of Honey. 



Mellificium. 




The Bees send out 
a swarm, i. and set over 
it a Leader, a. 

That swarm 
heing ready to fly away is 
recalled by the Tinkling 
of a brazen Vessel, 3. 
and is put up 
ioto a new Hive, 4. 

They make little Cells 
with six corners, ;. and 
fill them with Uotuy-dew, 
aod make Combs, 6. 
out of which the Honey 
runneth, 7. 

The Partitions being 
melted by fire, 
turn into Wax, S. 



Apes emittunt 
Examen, i. adduntque illi 
Ducem (Regem), 3. 

Examen illud, 
avolatururo, 
revocaiur tinnitu 
Vasisanei, 3. 
& includitur 
novo Alveari, 4. 

Struunt Cellulas 
sexaugulares, 5. 
et compleot eas MelligirUf 
& faciunt Favos, 6. 
6 quibus Mel 
effluit, 7. 

Crates 
liquati igae 
abeunt in Ceram, 8, 



Orinding. 




InaA/>7/, I. 
a Stone, >. runneth 
upOD a stone, 3. 

A IVAe^/, 4. 
turning them about 
andgrindeth Corn poured 
in by a Hopper, 5, 
and parteth the Bran, 6. 
falling into the Trough, 7. 
from the Meal slipping 
through a Bolter, 8. 

Such a Mill was first 
a Hand-mill, 9. 
then a Horse-mill, 10. 
then a Water-mill, 1 1. 
then a Ship-mill, 11. 
and at lasta Wind-mill, 13. 



In Mola, 
Lapis, 3. currtt 
super lapidem, 3, 

Rota, 4. 
circumagente, et 
content gr ana infusa 
per Infundibulum, 5. 
separatque Furfurem, 6. 
decidentem in Cistam, 7. 
& Farina (PoUine) 
elabente per £x£ussan'um,i. 

Talis Mola primdm fuit 
Manuaria, 9. 
deinde Jumentaria, 10. 
turn Aquatica, 11. 
& Navalis, 1 3. tandem, 
Alata (pneumatica), {5. 



Bread- baking. 




The Baker^ i. 
siftetb the Mtal 
in a Rindge, 2. 
and putteth it into the 
Kneading-trough, 3. 

Then he poureth water 
toitandmalceth Dough, 4. 
and kneadeth it 
with a "wooden slue, 5, 

Then he maketh 
Loaves, 6. Cakes, 7. 
Cimnels, 8. Rolls, 9, &c. 

Afterwards he- setteth 
them on APeel, 10. 
and putteth them thorow 
the Oven-moitth, 11, 
into the Chen, 11, 

But first hepullethout 
the fire and the Coals with 
a Coal-rake, 13. 



Pi star, I. 
cernit Farinam 
Cnba, 7. (pollinario) 
& indit Mactrte, 3, 

Turn aSTundit aquam, 
& facit Massam, 4. 
depaitque 
spafha, 5. ligneA. 

Dein format 
Panes, 6. Placentas, 7. 
Similas, 8. Spiras, 9. &C. 

Post imponit 
Pala, 10. 
& ingerit /iifr/u>, 11, 

\>er Preefumium, la. 

Scd prills eruit 
ignem & Carbones 
Rutabulo, 13. 



f6,) 



which he layeth on a heap 
underneath, 14. 

And thus is ^nrn./ baked, 
having the Crust without, 
15. and the Crumb with- 
in, 16. 



quos congerit 
infra, 14. 

Et sic Pants pinsitur 
habens extra Crustam, 15. 
\vtVi9 Micam, 16. 




The Fisher.man,i.caxch- 
eth fish, either on the 
Shoar, with an Hook, 2. 
which hangeth by a Zt'ne 
from the angling-rod, 
on which the Bait sticketh; 
or with a Cleek-net, 3. 
which hangcth on a PoU, 4. 
is put into the Water; 
or in aPoat, 5. 
with a Trammel-wt, 6. 
or with a Wheel, 7, 
which, is laid in the Water 
by Night. 



Piseafor, r. captat 
pisces, sive in littoret 

qui pendet^f 

ab arundine, 

& cui Es(a tnbaeret; 

sive Fundd, 3. 

quae pendens Pertiea, 4. 

immittitur aquae; 

sive in Cymba, 5. 

ReH, 6. 

sive Nassa, 7. 

quae demergitur 

per Noctem. 



Fowling. 



Aucupium. 




The Fowler, i. maketh 
a Bed, 2, spre'adeth 
a Bird-net, ^. 
tbroweth a Bait, 4. upon 
it, and hiding himself 
in a Hut, j. 
he allureth Birds, 
by the chirping of Lure- 
birds, which partly hop 
upon the Bed, 6. 
and are partly shut In 
Cages, 7. and thus he en- 
tangleth Birds that fly 
over, in his net whilst they 
settle themselves down. 

Or he setteth Snares, 8. 
00 which they hang and 
strangle themselves : 

Or setteth Lime-twigs, 9, 
00 a Perch, 10. 



Auceps, I. exstruit 
Aream, z, superstruit 
illi Jiete aucupatorium, 3. 
obsipat £scam, 4. 
& abdens se 
in Lattbulo, 5. 
al licit Aves, 
caatu Illicum, 
qui partim in Area cur- 
runt, ti. 

partim inclusi sunt Caveis, 
7. atque ita obruit 
transvolantes Aves Reti, 
dum se demittunt : 

Aut tendit Tendiculas, 8. 
quibus suspendunt & 
suffocant seipsas : 

Aut exponit Viseateseai- 
ames, 9. Amiti, 10. 



r«; 



upon which if they sit 
they enwrap their Feath- 
ers, so that they cannot fly 
away, and fait down to the 
ground. 

Or he catcheth them 
with a Pole, ii, 
or sl Pit'/all, 12. 



quibus si insident, 
implicant pennas, 
ut nequeant avolare, 
& decidunt in terrain. 



Aut captat 
Periled, II. 
vel Decipuld, i : 



Hunting. 




The Hunter, i. 
hunteth wild Beasts 
whilst he besetteth a 
Wood with Toyh, a. 
stretched out upon 
Shears, 3. 

The Beagle, 4. track- 
eth the wild Beast or find- 
«th him out by the scent ; 
the TumMer,oi Greyhtmnd, 
5. pursueth it. 

The Wolf, 
falleth in a Pit, 6. 



Venator, i. 
venatur Feras, 
dum cingit Sylvam, 
Cassibui, z. 



Cams sagax, 4. 
vest i gat Feram, 
aut indagat odoratu ; 
Vertagus, 5, 
persequitur. 

Lupus, 
incidit in Foveam,6. 



(<■■>> 



the Stag, 7. as he nioneth 


fugiens Cervus, 7. 


away, into Teyls. 


in Plagas. 


The Soar, 8. 


Aper, 8. 


is struck through 


transvcrberatur 


with a Hunttng'Spear, 9. 


Venabulo, 9. 


The Bear, 10. 


Ursus, 10. 


is bitten by Dogs, 


mordetur & Canibus, 


and is knocked 


& tunditur 


with a Club, 11. 


aavd,ii. 


If any thing get away, 


Si quid effugit, 


it escapeth, 12. as here 


evadit, iz. ut hie 


a ffare and a Fox. 


Lepush Vuipes. 




ThtBuUker, i. 
killeth/f>/C<ii'//r, z. 
(The Lean, 3. 
are not fit to eat.) 

He knocketh them down 
with an Ax, 4. 
or cutteth their Throat. 



Lanio, I. 
mactat Pecudem aitilem, 2. 

{Vescula, 3. 
non sunt vescenda.) 

Prosternit 
Clavd, 4. 
Tel jugulat. 



(en J 



with a Slaughter-knife, 5. 
he flayeth them, 6. 
and cutteth tliem in pieces, 
and hangeth out the flesh 
to sell in the Shambles, 7. 
He dresseth a Swine, 8. 
with fire 

or scalding water, 9. 
and maketh Gamam, 10. 
Pistils, II. 
and Flitches, 12, 
Besides several Puddings, 
Chitterlings, 13. 



Liverings, 15, 
Sausages, 16. 

The Fat, 17. and 
Tallow, 18. are melted. 



Cunaeulo, j, 

excoriat (deglubit,) 6. 

dissecatque 

& exponit caraes, 

venum in Macello, 7. 

Glabrat Suem, 8. 
igne, 

vel aquA fervidd, 9. 
& facit Pernas, 10. 
Petasones, 1 1 . 
& Succidias, 12. 

Praetere4^or<-i>H'«a 
varia, Faliscos, 13. 
Apexabones, 14. 
Tomacula, 15. 
Botulos, (Lucanicas) t6. 

^</ir/j, 17. & 
Sebum, ■$. eliquantur. 



Coolcery. 



Coquii 



.,-;,:'«©©© 


■11 


! 






«■; 


1 




iiiii 


i 


m^ 


51 



TheYeomanof the Larder, \ P ramus Condus, 1 
I. bringeth forth Prevision, profert Obsoma, a, 
3. out of the Larder, 3. U ./"wiw, 3. 



(69) 



The Cook, 4. taketh them 
and maketh several Meats. 

He first pulleth ofif the 
Feathers and draweth the 
Gutts out of the Birds, 5. 

' He scaleth and splitteth 
Jf'ish, 6. 

He draweth some flesh 
with Lard, by means 
of a Larding-needle, 7, 

He caseth Hares, 8. 
then he boileth them in 
Pots, 9. and Kettles, 10. 
on the Hearth, 1 1. 
and scummeth them 
with a Scummer, 1 2. 

Heseasoneth things that 
are boyled with Spices, 
which he poundeth with a 
Pestil, 14. in a Morter, 13. 
or grateth with a Grater, 1 5. 

He roasteth some on 
Spits, 16. and with a yacky 
17. or upon a Grid-iron, 18. 

Or fryeth them 
in a Frying-pan, 19. 
upon a Brand-iron, 20. 

Kitchen utensils besides 
are, 

a CocU-rake, 21. 
a Chafing-dish, 22. 
a Trey, 23. 

iin which Dishes, 24. and 
^latters, 25. are washed), 
a pair of Tongs, 26. 
a Shredding 'knife, 27. 
a Colander, 28. 
a Basket, 29. 
and a Besom, 30. 



Coquus, 4. accipit ea 
& coquit f/ar/a Esculenta. 

Prius deplumat, 
& exenterat ^z/^x, 5. 

Desquamat & 
exdorsuat Pisces, 6. 

Trajectat quasdem carnes 
Lardo, ope 
Creacentri, 7. 

Lepores, 8. exuit, 
tum elixat (?///>, 9. 
& Cacabis, lo. 
in -^(C7r<7, II. 
& despumat 
Lingula, 12. 

Condit elixata, 
Aromatibus, 
quae Qomminuit 
Pistillo, 14. \ii Mortario, 13. 
aut terit Raduld, 15. 

Quaedam assat Verubus, 
16. & Automato, 17. 
vel super Craticulum, 18. 

Vel frigit 
Sartagine, 19. 
super Tripodem, 20. 

Fojfl Coquinaria prae- 
terea sunt, 
Rutabulum, 21. 
Foculus (Ignitabulum), 22. 
Trua, 23. 

(in qud. Catini, 24. & 
Patince, 25. eluuntur) 
Forceps, 26. 
Culter incisorius, 27. 
Qualus, 28. 
Cordis, 29. 
& Scopa, 30. 



The Viotag< 




Wine f^rovexh 
in the Vineyard, i. 
where Vines are propa- 
gated and tyed with Twigs 
to Trees, 2. 
or to Props, 3. 
or Frames, 4. 

When the time of Grape- 
gatheriDg is come, they 
cut off the Bunches, 
and carry them in 
Measures of three Bushels, ;. 
and throw them into a Vat, 
6. and tread them 
with their Feel, 7. 
or stamp them 
with a Wooden-PesHl, 8. 
and squeeze out tue juice 
in a Wine-press, 9. 
which is called ^i»/, 11. 



Vinum crescit 
in Vinea, i. 

ubi Vites propagantur, 
& alligantur vimiaibus 
ad Arbores, z. 
vel ad Palos (ridicas), 3. 
vel ad y*tga, 4 

Cdm tempus vindemi- 
andi adest, abscindunt 
Botros, 

& comportant 
Trimodiis, j. 

conjiciuntque in £acuin,6, 
ca leant 
Pedibus, 7. 
aut tundunt 
Ligneo Pilo, 8. 
& exprimunt succum 
Torculari, g. 
qui dicitur Mustum, it. 



r?-; 



and beiog received 

in a great Tui, lo. 

it is poured into 

Hogsheads, ii, 

it is stopped up, 15. 

and being laid close in Cd- 

lars upon Settles, 14. 

itbecometh Wine. 

It is dratfn out of the 
Hogshead, with a Cock, 13. 
or Faucet, 16. 
(in which is a Spigot) the 
Vessel being unbunged- 



& exceptum 
Orcd, 10. 
infuoditur 
Vasis (Doliis), t2. 
operculatur, 15. 
& abditum in CelUs, 
super Cantheries, 14. 
abit in Vtnum. 

Promitur e Dolio 
Sipkone, 13. 
aut Tubulo, 16. 
(in quo est Epistomium) 
Vase relito. 



Brewing. 



Zythopoie. 




Where Wine is not to be 
had they drink Beer, 
which is brewed of jVo//, 1. 
and Hops, 2. 
in a Caidron, 5. 
afterwards it is poured 
into Vats, 4. 



Ubi Vinum noo hatwtur, 
bibitur Cerevisia (Zythas), 
quEB coquitur ex -Byne, i. 
& Lupulo, a. 
in Aheno, 3, 
post effunditur 
in Lotus, 4. 



<T) 



and when it is cold, 
it is carried in Sots, 5, 
into the Cellar^ 6. 
and is put into Vessels. 

Brandy-wine^ 
extracted by the power of 
heat from dregs of Wine in 
a Pan, 7, over whicha Zrm- 
beck, 8. is placed, 
droppeth through aPipe, 9. 
into a Glass. 

Wine and Beer when 
they turn sowre, become 
Vinegar. 

Ot Wine and 
Honey they make Mead. 



& frigefactum. 
defertur Labris, ;. 
a Cellaria, 6. 
& intunditur vasibus. 

Vinum sublimatum, 
extractum vi Caloris 
e fecibus Vini in Aheno, 7. 
cui AUmbicum, 8. 
superimpositum est. 
destillai per Tubum,^. 
in Vitrum. 

Vinum&Cerevisia.cum 
acescuDt, fiuat Acetum. 

Ex Vino & Melle fac- 
iunt Mulsum. 



A Feast. 



Lvrii. 




When a Feast 
is made ready, 
the table is covered 
with a Carpet, 1. 



Cum Comh 
apparatur, 
Mensa siernitur 
Tapetibus, i. 



(73 J 



and a Table-cloth^ 2. 

by the Waiters^ 

who besides lay 

the Trenchers^ 3. 

Spoons^ 4. 

Knives^ 5, 

with little ForkSy 6. 

Table-napkins^ 7. 

Bready 8. 

with a Salt-seller^ 9. 

Messes are brought 
in PlatterSy 10. 
a -P/V, 1 9. on a Plate^ 

The Guests being 
brought in bytheZT^^j/, 11. 
wash their Hands 
out of a Laver^ 12. 
or Ewer^ 14. 
o^tx 2i Hand'basiny 13. 
or ^<?w/, 15. 
and wipe them 
on a Hand' towel y 16. 
then they sit at the Table 
on ChairSy 17. 

The Carver y 18. 
breaketh up the good 
Cheer, and divideth it. 

Sauces are set amongst 
Roast-meaty in Sawcers, 20. 

The Buttery 21. 
filleth strong Wine 
out of a Cruise^ 25. 
or Wine-poty 26. 
or Flagon y 27. 
into Ct//j, 22. 
or Glasses^ 23. 
which stand 
on a Cupboardy 24. and 
he reacheth them to the 
Mcuter of the Feasty 28. who 
drinketh to his Guests. 



& Mappay 2. 

A TricliniariiSy 

qui praetereA opponunt 

Discos (Orbes), 3. 

Cochleariay 4. 

CultroSy 5. 

cum FuscinuliSy 6. 

MappulaSy 7. 

Panetn^ 8. 

cum SalinOy 9. 

Fercula inferuntur 
in PatiniSy lo, 
Artocreay 19. in Lance. 

Convivas introducti 
ab HospitCy 1 1 . 
abluunt manus 
d GutturniOy 12. 
vel Aqualiy 14. 
sw^QT Malluviunty 13. 
aut Pelviniy 15. 
terguntque 
Mantiliy 16. 
tum assident Mensae 
per Sediliay 17. 

Structory 18. 
deartuat dapes, 
& distribuit. 

Embammata interponuntur 
Assutaris in Scutellis, 20. 

Pincernay 21. infundit 
Temetunty 
ex UrceOs 25. 
vel CantharOy 26. 
vel Lagenay 27. 
in Poculay 22. 
vel Vitreay 23. 
quae extant 
in abcuo^ 24. 
& porrigit, 
Convivatoriy 28. 
qui propinat Hospitibus. 



The Dressing of Line. LTX Tractatio Lini. 




Lifu and Hemp 
being rated in water, 
and dryed again, i. 
are braked 

with a wooden Brake, 2. 
where the Shives, 3. fall 
down, then they are hec- 
kled with an Iron Heckle, 4. 
where the Tow,$. 
is parted from it. 

JF/ax is tyed to z. Distaff, 
6. by the Spinster, 7. 
which wirh her left hand 
puUeth out the Thread, 8. 
and with her right hand 
turaeth a Wheel, 9. 
or a Spindie, 10. upon 
which is a Wharl, ij. 

The Spool receiveth 
the Thread, 13. 



Linum & Cannabis, 
mace rata aquis, 
et siccata rursum, i. 
contunduntur 
Frangibulo ligneo, 2, 
ubi Cortices, 3. decidunt 
turn carminantur 
Carmine ferreo, 4. 
ubi Stvpa, 5. 
separatur. 

Linum purum alligatur 
Colo, 6. k Ne/rice, 7. 
quae sinistra 
trahit Filum, 8. 
dexterA, II. 
Rhombum (girgillu 
vel Fusum, 10. 
in quo VerticiUus, 1 

Volva accipit 
Fila, 13. 



I.), 9. 



(n) 



which is drawn thence 
upon a Yarn-windie, 14. 
hence either dews, ij. 
are wound up, 
or Hanis iti are made 



inde deducuDtur 

in Alabrum, 14. 

hinc vel Glomi, i;. 

glomerantur, 

vel FascKuh 16. fiunt. 



Weavine 




The Webster 
nndoeth the Clews, 1. 
into Warp, 

and wrappeth it about 
the Beam, a. 
and as he sitteth 
In his Loom, 3. 
be treadeth upon the 
TreMes^t,. with his Feet. 

He divideth the Warp, j. 
with Yarn. 

and throweth the Shuttle, 6. 
through, in which is the 
Woofe,Ka^ striketb it close. 



Textor 
didiicit Glomos, 1 . 
in Stamen, 
& circumvolvit 
Jugo, 2. 
ac sedens 
in Textrino, 3. 
calcat Insilia, 4. 
pedibus. 

Diducit Stamen, 5. 
Lietis, 

& trajicit Radium, 6. 
in quo est Trama, 
ac den sat. 



with the Siey, 7. 
and so maketh 
Litun cloth, 8. 

So also the Ciolfuer 
maketh Cloth of Wool. 



PecHne, 7, 

atque ita conGcit 

Linteum, 8. 

Sic etiam Panni/ex 
facit P annum k Lana. 



Liaen Cloths. 



LXI. 




Linnen-webs 
are bleached in the Sun, i- 
with Water poured on 
them, 3. till they be white. 

Of them the Sempster, 3. 
soweth Shirts, 4. 
Handkirchers, 5. 
Bands, 6. Caps, &c. 

These if they he fouled, 
are washed again 
by the Laundress, 7. in 
water, or Lye and Sope. 



Linteamina 
insolantur, i. 
aquA perfusd, z. 
donee candcfiant. 

Ex lis Sartrix, j, 
suit Indusia, 4. 
Muccinia, ;. 
CoUaria, 6. Capitia, &c. 

Haec, si sordidentur 
lavantur rursum, 
a Lotrice, 7. aqui, 
sive Lixivio ac Sapotie, 




The Taylor i cutteth 
Cloth, 2. with Shears, 3. and 
seweth it together with a 
Needle and double thread, 4. 

Then he presseth the 
Seams with a Pressing-iron, 
5. Aad thus he raaketh 
Coats, 6. 
with Plaits, 7. 
in which the Border, 8. is 
below with Laces, 9. 

Cleaks, 10. 
with a Ca/f, 11, 
and Sleeve Coals, is. 

Doublets, 13. 
with Buttons, 14. 
and C»/>, 1$. 

Breeches, 16, 
sometimes with Ribbons,\i. 

Stockins, 18. 

Gloves, 19. 



Sartor, 1, discindit 
Pannum, 2. Forfice, 3. 
consuitque Wf« & /VVt' 
duplicate, 4, 

Posted complanat 6'u-^ 
/wraj Ferramento, j. 

Sicque coaficit 
Tunicas, 6, 
Plicatas, 7. 

in quibus infra est /i'm* 
drta, S. cum Inslitis, 9. 

Pallia, 10, 
cuni Patagio, 11. 
& Togas Manicatas, 13. 

Thoraees, 13. 
cum Globulis, 14. 
& Manieis, 15. 

Caligas, 16. ali- 
quando cum Lemniscis, 17. 

Tibialia, 18, 

Chirotheeas, 19. 



(7»J 



MurUero Caps, so. ftc. 

So the Furrier 
maketh Furred Garments 
of Furs. 



Amkulum, 30. &c. 

Sic Pellio 
facit PeUicia 
k Pdlibus. 



The Shoemaker. 



LXIII. 




The Shoemaker, 1 . 
maketh Slippers, 7. 
Shoes, 8. 

(ia which is seen 
above, the Upper-leather, 
beneath the Sole, 
and on both sides 
the Laichets) 
Boots, 9. 

and High Shoes, 10. 
oi Leather, 5. 
(which is cut with a 
CuUing-knife), 6. 
by means of an Awl, 2. 
and Lingel, 3. 
upon a Last, 4, 



conficit Crepidas (San- 

dalia,) 7. Caiceos, 8. 

(in quibus spectatur 

superne Obstragulum, 

infcrne Solea, 

et utrinque 

Ansa) 

Ocreas, 9. 

et Perones, 10. 

e Corio, j. 

(quod discinditur 

Scalpro Sutorio, 6.) 

ope Subulce, i. 

ei VxYxpicati, 3. 

super Modum, 4. 



The CarpcBter, 



(79.) 
LXIV. 



Faber lignarius. 



^^a 


1 




^^^? 



Wehaveseen Man'sfood 
and clothing: now his 
Dw«lliag foltoweth. 

At first they dwelt 
ID Caves, 1. then in 
Booths or Huts, i. 
and then again in Tents, 3. 
at the last in Houses. 

The Woodman 
felleth and heweth down 
Trees, 5. with an Ax, 4. 
the Boughs, 6. remaining, 

Hecleaveth JSToo/^ Wood 
with a Wedge, 7. 
which he forceth in 
with a Beetle, 8. 
and tnaketh Wood-stacks, 9. 

The Carpenter 
squareth Timber 
with a Chip-Ax, 10. 



Hominis victum & ami- 
ctum, vidimus: sequitur 
nunc Domicilium ejus. 

Primd habitabant 
in Specubus, I. deinde in 
Tabernaculis vel Tuguriis,%, 
turn etiam in Tenloriis, 3. 
demum in Demibus. 

Lignator 
sternit & truncal 
Arborts, 5. Securi, 4, 
remanentibus Sarmetiiis, 6. 

Findit Nodosum, 
Lignum Cuneo, 7. 
quern adigit 
Tudite, 8. 
& componit Strues, 9. 

Faher Lignarius 
ascit Ascia, 10. 
Materiem, 



(»") 



whenceC*/>, 11. fall,and 


unde Assula, 11. cadunl, 


saweth it with a Saw, 12. 


& serrat Serrd, 12. 


where the Saw-dust, 13. 


ubi S€<?bs, 13. 


falleth down. 


decidit. 


Afterwards he liftcth 


Post elevat 


the^fuffiupoa Tresseis,i4. 


Tignum super Canierios, 14' 


by the help of a /"w/^, 15. 


ope Trochiea, 15. 


fastencth it 


affigit 


with Cramp-irons, 16. 


AnHs, 16. 


and marketh it out 


& lineat 


withaZiw^, 17. 


Amussi, 17. 


Thus he frameth 


Turn compaginat 


the Walls together, iS. 


Parities, 18. 


and fasteneth the great 


& configit trabes 


pieces with Pins, 19. 


Clavis trabalibus, 19. 



Fatwr Murarius, 




"She Mason, 1. 1 Faber Murarius, 1. 

layeth a Foundation, ponit Fundamentum, 

and buildeth Walls, 3. s struit Muros, z. 

Either of Stones Sive k Lapidibus, 

which the Stone-digger get- quos Lapidarius 
tetb out of the Quarry, 3. [eruit in Lapicidina, 3. 



fil) 



and the Stonecutter, 4. 


ft Latomus, 4,, 


squareth by a RuU^ 5. 


conquadrat ad Normam, 5. 


Or of Bricks, 6. 


Sive k Lateribus, 6, 


which are made 


qui fonnantur, 


oi SandvaA Clay 


ex Arena & Luto, 


Steeped in water, 


aquA intritis 


and are burned in fire. 


& excoquuntur igne. 


Afterwards he plaister- 


Dein crustat 


eth it with lAme, 


Cake, 


by means of a Trmvel, 


Ope Trulla, 7. 


and garnisheth with a 


& vcstit Ttctorio, 8. 


Rough-cast, 8. 





Engines. 




One can carry 
as much by thrusting 
a Wheel-barrow, 3. 
before him, (having 
an Harness, 4. hanging 
on his nccli,) as two men 
can carry on a Colestaff, i. 
or Hand-barrow, 1. 



Unus potest ferre 
taDtum trudendo 
Fabonem, 3. 
ante se, 
{^rumna. 

Suspense a Colto) quan- 
tum duo possunt ferre 
Palangd, vel Feretro, a. 



(92) 



But be can do more that 
rolleth a Weif^ht laid upon 
Rollers, 6. with a Leaver, j- 

A Wind-beam, 7. 
is a post, which is 
turned by going about it. 

A Crane, 8. 
hath a Hollow-wheel, 
in which one walking 
drawcth weights out of a 
Ship, or letteth them down 
into a Ship. 

A Hammer, 9. 
is used to fasten 
Piles, 10. 

it is lifted with a Rope 
drawn by Pullies, 1 1 , 
or with hands, 
if it have handles, 1 2. 



Plus autem potest quipro- 
volvit Molem impositam 
Phalangis (Cylindris, 6.) 
Vecte, 5. Ergata, 7. 
est columella, quee 
vcrsatur circumeundo. 

Geranium, 8, 
habet Tympanum, 
cui inambulans quis 
extrahit pondera navi, 
aut demitlit in navem. 

Fistuca, 9. 
adhibetur ad pangendum 
Sublieas, 10. 
adloUitur Func 
cracto per Trochleas, 11. 
vel manibus, 
si habet ansas, iz. 



A House. 



Domus. 




The Poreh, r, 
is before the Door 
of the House. 



(^3) 



The Door hath 
a Threshold^ 2. 
and a Untely 3. 
and /'^^x/x, 4. on both sides. 

The Hinges y 5. 
are upon the right hand, 
upon which the Doors ^ 6. 
hang, the Latchy 7. 
and the Bolt^ 8. 
are on the left hand. 

Before the House 
is a Fore -court y 9. 
with a Pavement 
oi square stones^ 10. 
born up with Pillars^ 11. 
in which is the Chapiter^ 1 2. 
and the ^ax^, 13. 

They go up into the up- 
per Stories by Greess^ 14. 
and Winding-stairs^ 15. 

The Windows, 16. 
appear on the outside, 
and the Grates, 17. 
the Galleries, 18. 
the WatertableSy 19. 
the Butteresses, 20. 
to bear up the walls. 

On the top is the -^^^,21. 
covered with Tyles, 22. 
or Shingles^ 23. 
which lie upon Laths, 24. 
and these upon Rafters, 25. 

The Eaves, 26. 
adhere to the Roof. 

The place without a Roof 
is called an open Gallery, 27. 

In the Roof are 
Settings out, 28. 
and Pinnacles, 29. 



^anua habet 
Limen, 2. 

& Super liminare, 3. 
& Postes, 4. utrinque. 

Car dines, 5. 
sunt a dextris, 
fl quibus pendent Fores, 6. 
Claustrum, 7. 
aut Pessulus, 8. 
a sinistris. 

Sub aedibus 
est Cavadium, 9. 
Pavimento 
Tessellato, 10. 
fulcitum Columnis, 11. 
in quibus Peristylium, 12. 
& Basis, 1 3. 

Ascenditur in superiores 
contignationes per Scalas^ 
14. & Cocklidia, 15. 

Fenestrce, 16. 
apparent extrinsecus, 
& Cancelli (clathra), 17. 
Pergula, 18. 
Suggrundia, 19. 
& Fulcra, 20. 
fulciendis muris. 

In summo est Tectum, 21. 
con tectum Imbricibus (teg^ 
ulis), 22. vel Scandulis, 23. 
quae incumbunt Tigillis, 
24. haec Tignis, 25. 

7>rA? adhaeret 
Stillicidium, 26. 

Locus sine Tecto 
dicitur Subdiale, 27. 

In Tecto sunt 
Meniana, 28. 
& Coronides, 29. 




Miners, i. 
go into the Grave, a, 
by a Stick, j, 
or by Ladders, 4, 
with Lanihorns, ;. 
and dig out with a 
Piek, 6. the Oar, 
which being put in Baskets 

7. is drawn out with a Rope, 

8. by means of a Turn, 9. 
and is carried 

lo t)xe Melting-house, 10. 
where it is forced with fire, 
that the Metal may run 
out, 12. the Dross, 11. is 
thrown aside. 



Metalli fossores, i. 
iagrediiintur Puteuni fod- 
ina, 3. Bacillo, 3, 
sive Gradibus, 4, 
cum Lueernis, 5. 
& effodiunt Ligone, 6, 
terram Metallicam, 
quaeimposita Corbtbus, 7. 
extrahitur Fune, 8. 
ope Machince tractorice, 9. 
& dcfertur 
in Vstrinam, 10. 
ubi urgetur igne, 
ut Metallum, 1 1. profluat 
Scoria, II. abjiciuntur 
scorsim. 



The Blackf mith. 



Faber Ferrari us. 




The Blacksmith, i. 
in his Smithy (or Forge), x. 
tiloweth the fire 
with 9. pair of Seliows, 3. 
which he bloweth 
with his Ftet, 4. 
and so heateth the Iron .- 

And then he takech it 
out with the Tongs, 5. 
layeth it upon the Artvile, 6. 
and striketh it 
with an Hammer, 7. 
where the sparks, 8. fly oflF. 

And thus are hammer'd 
out. Nails, 9. 
Horse-skats, 10. 
Cart-strakes, 1 1 . 

Plaies, Locks and Keys, 
Hinges, &c. 

He quencheth hot Irons 
(o a Cool-trough. 



Faber fer 
in Ustrina (FabricA), a. 
inflat ignem 
Folk, 3. 
quem adtollit 
Fede, 4. 
atq; ita candefacit Ferrum: 

Deinde eximit 
Forcipe, 5. 
imponit IneuJi, 6. 
& cudit 
Malteo, 7. 
ubi Strictura, 8. exiliunt. 

Et sic excuduntur, 
Clavi, 9. 
Solea, 10. 
Canthi. 1 1 . 
Ca tenet, 13. 
Lamina, Sera cu m 
Cardines, &C. 

Restinguit cadentia, 
Perramenta in Laeu. 



n Clambus, 



(S6J 

LXX. 

The Box-maker and the Turner. 




Scriaarius 
The Box-maktr, i. 
smootheth hewen Boards, 2. 
with a Plain, 3. 
upon a work-board, 4. he 
maketh them very smooth 
yiWhi. little-plain, 5. 
he boreth them thorow 
with an Augre, 6. carv- 
eth them with a Knife, 7, 
fosteneth them together 
with Glew&aA Cramp-Irons, 
8. and maketh Tables, 9. 
Beards, 10. 
Chests, II. &c. 

The Turner, la. 
sitting over the Treddle,\%. 
turneth with a Threw, 15. 



& Tornator. 

Arcularius, 1. 
edolat Asserts, 2. 
Runcina, 3, 
in Tabula, 4. 
deplanat 
Planula, 5. 
perforat (terebrat) 
Terebra, 6. 
sculpit Cultro, 7. 
combinat 

Glutine & Subscudibus, 8.. 
& facit Tabulas, 9. 
Mensas, 10. 
^rtraj (Cistas), Ii. &C 

Tornta, 12, 
sedens in /)M*y/, 13. 
tornat Toma, 15. 



upon a Turner's Beach, i^ 
B&wh, i6. Tops, 17, 
Puppets, 18. and 
such like Turners Work, 



super Scamne Tornalorh, 
14. Globos, 16. Conos, 17, 
Icunculas, 18. & 
simllia Toreumata. 



The Potter. 



Figulu! 




The /'oW^r, i. 
sitting over a Wheel, z. 
maketh Pols, 4. 
P He hers, 5, 
Pipkins. 6. 
Platters, 7. 
Pudtiing-pans, 8. 

ZAii, 10. &c. 

of Potter's Clay, 3. 

afterwards he baketh them 

in an Oven, 1 1. 

and glazeth them 

with WMte Lead. 

A broken Pot afTordetb 
Pot-sheards, la. 



Pigulas, I, 
scdens super Rota, 
format Ollas, 4, 
Ureeos, 5. 
Tripodes, 6. 
Patinas, 7. 
Ka^o testacea, 8. 
Fidelias, 9. 
Opercula, 10, &c. 
ex Argilld, 3. 
postea excoquit 
in Furna, 1 1 . 
& incrustat 
Litkargyro. 

Fracta 011a dat 
TViJluf, 12. 



fS9) 
The Parts of a House. -LXXII. Partes Domus 



^^Mi 


^^R 


\ 


^AKI 


1 




iib^m^ 


m 




ill i jJMW!^^^^^ ^^ 


m 



A House is divided 
into inner Rooms, 
such as are the Entry, i. 
the Stove^ 2. 
the Kitchen, 3. 
the Buttery, 4. 
Vtx Dining Room, ;. 
the Gallery, 6. 
the ^<rf Chamber, 7. with 
a frivy, 8. made by it. 

Baskets, 9. 
are of use for carrying 
things. 

and Chests, 10. (which are 
made fast vithiKey, 11.) 
for Iceeping them. 

Under the Roof, 
is the Fioor, 12. 

In the Kizn^, 13. 
is a Well, 14. 
a Stable, 15. 



Domus distinguitur 
in Conclavia, 
ut sunt Atrium, 1. 
Hypocaustum, 2. 
Crr//a Penuaria, 4. 
Canaculum, 5. 
Camera, 6. Cubieulum, 7, 
cum Secessu (Latrina), 8. 
adstructo. 

Corbes, 9. 
inserviunt rebus 
transferendis, 
^rf«, 10. 

(quae C/as'd, 11. recluduo- 
tur) adfervandis illis. 

Sub 7><:/i>, est ii^Kfli 
(Favi men turn), 11. 

In Area, 13. 
Puteus, 14. 
Stabulum, 15. 



and a Bath, 16. 

Under the House 
is the Ceiiar, 17. 



icum Baltuo, 16 

Sub Domo 
lest Cetla, 17. 



Lxxni. 

The Stove with the Bed-room. 




Hypocauslum 

The Stove, i. 
is beautified 
with an Arched Roof ^ 1. 
-and wainscoted Walls, 3. 

It is enlightened 
with Windows, 4. 

It is heated 
with an OvetL, 5, 

Its Utensils are 
Benches, 6. 
Steels, 7. 
TtUiles, 8. 
with Tressels, 9. 
Footstools t 10. 
and Cushions, ii. 



cum Dormitorio. 

Hypocaustum, \. 
ornatur 
Laqueari, 2. 
& tabulatis Parietibus, 3, 

Illuminatur 
Fenestris, 4, 

Calefit 
Femate, j. 

Ejus Utensilia sunt 
Scamna, 6. 
&//<«, 7. 
Mensa, 8. 
cum Fulcris, 9. 
ac Scadellis, 10. 
& Cvlcitris, II. 



There are also Tapestries 
hanged, 12. 

For soft lodging 
in ^ Sleeping 'Toom, 13. 
there is a Bed, 14. 
spread on a Bed-sted, 15. 
upon a Straw-pad, 16, 
with Sheets, 17. 
and Cover-lids, 18. 

The Bolster, 19. 
is under ones head. 

The Bed is covered 
with a Canopy, 20. 

A Chamber-pot, ai. 
is for making water in. 



AppenduDlur etiam 
Tapetes, 11. 

Pro levi cubatu, 
in Dormiiorio, 13, 
estZ^f/w, (Cubile) 1+. 
stratus in Sponda, \%. 
super Stramentum, 16. 
cum Lodicibus, 17. ' 
& Stragulis, 18. 

Cervical, 19. 
est sub capiie. 

Canopeo, 20. 
Lectus tegitur. 

Matula, zi. 
est vesicae levandse. 



Wells. 




Where Springs are want- 
ing, Wells, I. are digged, 
and they are compassed 
about with a Brandrilk, 2. 
lest any one fall in. 

Thence is water drawn 



Ubi fonUs deficiunt, 
Putei, 1, effodiuntur, 
& circumdantur 
Crepidine, 1. 
oe qutsincidat. 

lode aqua hauritur 



(lil 



with Buckets, 3. 

hanging either at a^o/rr, 4. 

or a Rope, ;. 

or a Chain, 6, 

and that either by a Swipe, 

7. or a Windle, 8. 

or a Turn, 9. 

with a Handle 

or a WAcir/, 10. 

or to conclude, 

by a Pump, 1 1 , 

The Bath LX 



Urnis (situlis), 3. 

pendentibus vel Peritea, +. 

vel Pane, 5. 

vel Catena, 6. 

idque aut TolUnone, y. 

aut Girgilio, 8. 

aut Cylindro, 9. 

Manubriato, 

aut ^i?/!! (tympano), 10. 

aut deinque 

Antlid, II. 



Balneum. 




He that desireth to be 
wash'd in cold water, 
goethdownintoa^tf^, 1 

In a Bathing-house, 2. 
we wash off iheJl/tA 
either sitting in a 7W, 3. 
or going up 
into the Hot-house, 4. 



Qui cupit lavari 
aqu& frigid 4) 
descendit in Fluvium, i . 

In Balneario, z, 
abluimus squalor es, 
sive sedentes in Labro, 3. 
sive COD seen denies 
in Sudatorium, 4. 



(9^J 



and we are rubbed 
with a Pumice-stone^ 6. 
or a Hair-cloth^ 5. 

In the Strifping-room^ 7. 
we put off our clothes, 
and are tyed about 
with an Apron^ 8. 

We cover our Head 
with a Cap^ 9. 
and put our feet 
into a Basofiy 10. 

The Bath-woman^ 1 1 . 
reacheth water in a Bucket^ 
\2. drawn out of the 
Troughy 13. into which it 
runneth out ofPipes^ 14. 

The Bath-keeper^ 15. 
lanceth with a Lancet^ 16. 
and by applying 
Cupping-glasses^ 17. 
he draweth the Blood 
betwixt the skin and the 
flesh, which he wipeth 
away with a Spunge^ \ 8. 



& defricamur 
Pumice^ 6. 
aut CiliciOy 5. 

In ApodyteriOy 7. 
exuimus Vestes, 
& praecingimur Castula 
(Subligari), 8. 

Tegimus caput 
PileolOy 9. 

& imponimus pedes 
TelluviOy 10. 

Balneatrixy 11. 
ministrataquam Situla^ i2< 
haustam ex Alveo^ 13. 
in quern defluit 
d CanalibuSy 14. 

Balneator^ 15. 
scarificat Scalpro, 16. 
& applicando 
CucurbitcUy 17. 
extrahit Sanguinem 
subcutaneum, 
quern abstergit 
Spongid, 18. 



The Barbers Shop. 




The Barber, i. 
in the Barbers-shop, 2. 
cuttcth off the Hair 
and the Beard 
with a pair of Sizsars, 3. 
or shaveth with a Razor, 
which he taketh 
out of his Case, 4. 

And he washeth one 
over a Bason, 5. 
with Suds running 
out of a Laver, 6. 
and also with Sope, 7. 
and wipeth him 
with a Towel, 8. 
coinbetb him with a Comb, 
9. and curleth him 
with a Crisping Iron, 10. 

Sometimes he cutteth a 
Vein with a Pen-knife, 11. 
where the Blood spirteth 



in Tonstrina, 2. 
tondet Crines 
& Barbam 
Forcipe, 3. 
vel radit Novaculd, 
quam depromit 
6 Theca,A,. 

£t lavat 
super Peh'im, j. 
Lixivio deflucnte 
6 Gultiirnio, 6. 
ut & Sapone, 7. 
& tergit 
Linteo, 8. 
pectit Peciine, g, 
crispat 
Calamislro, 10. 

loterdum secat Venam 
Scalpelio, II. 
ubi Sanguis propullulat. 



C94j 

The Chirurgeon cureth | Chirurgus curat 
Wounds. Vultura. 



Equile. 




1\\^ Horse-keeper, I. 
cleaneth the Stable 
from Dung, 2. 

He tyeih a Horse, 3. 
with a Halter, +. 
to the Manger, %. 
or if he apt to bite, 
he maketh him fast 
with a Muzzle, 6. 

Then he streweth Lifter, 
7, under him. 

He winnoweth Oats 
with a Van, 8. 
(being mixt 

with Chaff, and taken out 
of a Chest, 10.) 
and with them feedetb the 
Horse, as also with Hay, 9. 



Stabularias (Equiso), i. 
purgat Stabulum 

Alligat Equum, 3. 
Capisfro, 4. 
ad Prasepe, j. 
aut si mordax 
constricgit 
Ft seel la, 6. 

Deinde substernit Stra- 
menta, 7. 

Ventilat Ave nam, 
Vanno, 8. 

(Paleis mixtam, ac de- 
promptam 4 CistaPabula- 
toria, 10.) 

cique pascit equum, 
ul & Fane, 9. 



Afterwards he leadvth 
him to the Watering-trough, 
II. to water. 

Then he rubbetb him 
with a Cloth, 12. 
combeth him 
with a Curry-comb, 1 5. 
covereth him 
with an Housing-cloth, 14. 
and loolietb upon his Hoofs 
whether the Shoes, i ^. 
be fast with the Nails. 



Postea due it 
ad Aquarium, 1 1 . 
aquatum. 

Turn detergit 
Panno, 11. 
depeciit 
Strigili, 15, 
iDsternit 
Gausapt, 14. 
& inspicit Sottas, 
an CaUei ferrei, 13. 
firmis Clavis faaereant. 



Dials. 



Horolt^ia. 




hDtal 
measurcth Hours 
t^A Sun-dtal, 1. 
sheweth by the shadow 
of the Pin, 3. 
what a Clod it is ; 
either on a Wall, 
or a Compass, 3, 

An Hour-glass, 4. 



Horologium 
dimetitur Horas. 

Solarium, 1. 
ostendit umbrfi 
Gnomonis, 2. 
quota sit Hora ; 
sive in Pariete, 
sive in Pyxide Magnttita, 3. 

Clepsydra, 4. 



(96) 



sheweth the four parts of 
nn hour by the ruDoingof 
Satui, heretofore of water. 

A C/oei. 5. 
Dumbereth also the 
Hours of the Night, by 
the turning; of the Wheels, 
the greatest whereof 
is drawn by a Weight, 6. 
and draweth the rest. 

Then cither the Bell, 7. 
by its sound, being struck 
on by the Hammer, or the 
Hand, 8. without, by its 
motion about sheweth the 
hour. 



ostendit partes borae qua- 
tuor, fluxu Arena, 
dim aquae. 

Automaton, 5, 
numerat etiam 
Nocturnas Horas, 
circulations Rotarum, 
quarum maxima 
trahitur h Pondere, 6. 
& trahit cxteras. 

Tum vel Campana, 7. 
sonitu suo, percussi 
a Malleolo, vel Index extra. 
Circuitione sua 
indicat horam. 



The Pictui 




Pictures, 1, 
delight the Eyes 
and adorn Rooms. 

The Puinter, z. 
painteth an Image 



oblectant Oculos 
& ornant Conciavia. 

Pic tor, 3. 
pingit Effigiem 



with a Feneil, 3. 


Penidlio, 3. 


in a Table, 4. \ "^^ 


in Tabula, 4. 


upon a Case-frame, 5. 


super /'/«/«, ;, 


holding his Polht, 6. in his 


tenens Orbem Pietorium, 6. 


left band, 


in sinistra, 


on which are the Paints 


in quo Pigmenta 


which were ground bythe 


quse terebantur i 


Boy, 7. on a Marble. 


/a<;ro, 7. in marmore. 


The Canyer 


Sculptor, 


and Statuary 


& Statuarius 


carve Statues, 8. 


cxsculpunt Statuas, 8. 


of Wood and Stone. 


6 Ligno & Lapidc. 


The Graver 


Calator 


and the Cutter 


& Scalpter 


grave Shapes, 10. 


insculpit Figuras, 10. 


and Characters 


& Characteres, 


with a Graving ChesH, 9. 


Caelo, 9. 


in Wood, Brass, 


Ligno, ^ri, 


and other Metals. 


aliisque Metallis 



Looking-glasses. 



Specularia. 




Zcfoking-glasses, 1. 



are provided that Men 
may sec themselves. 

Spectacles, i. 
that he may see better, 
who hath a weak sight. 

Things afar off are seen 
ID a Perspective Glass, j. 
as things oear at hand. 

A Flea appeareth 
in a muliplying-glass, 4. 
like a little hog. 

The Rays of the Sun, 
burn wood 
through a Burning-glass, $, 



parantur, ut homines 
intueaotur seipsos. 

Perspieilla, a. 
ut cernat acius 
qui habet visum debilea. 

Remota videntur 
per telescopium, 3. 
ut proxima. 

Pulex, 4. 
in Microscopio apparet 
ut porcellus. 

Radii Solis 
accendunt ligna 
per Vitrum urens, 5. 



The Cooper. 



Vietor. 



HHHk 

8» •'t^JS* 


1 


Y?^^ 



The Cooper, i. 
having an Apron, a, tied 
about him, 
maketh Hoops 
of Hatel-rods, 3. 
upon a eutting-Meck, 4. 
with a Spoke-Shave, 5. 



Vietor, i. 
amictus Pracinctorio, 1. 

facit Circulos, 
fi Virgis Celurnisy 3. 
super Sellam incisoriam, 4. 
Scalpro MmanuMato, 5. 



(99 J 


and Lags, 6. of Timber, 


& Assulas, 6. ex Ligna. 


Of Zags he makcth /fogs- 


Ex Assulis conficit 


headi, 7. and Pipet, 8. 


Dolia, 7. & Cupas, 8. 


with two Heads ; 


./^»n</obiDo; 


aad Tubs, 9. 


turn Lacus, 9. 


^J, 10. 


Z«*r<i, 10. 


Flaskets, 11. 


/'iVyaflj [Trimodia], 11. 


Buckets, I a. 


& ^tulas, 12, 


with one Bottom. 


fun do uno. 


Then he bindeth ihera 


Postea vincit 


with/fe^j, 13. 


Circuits, 13. 


which he tyeth fast 


quos ligat 


with small Twigs, 15. 


Vitninibus, 15. 


by means of a Cramp-iron, 


ope Falcis victoria, 14, 


14. and he fitteth them on 


& aptat 


•v'yCa. a. Mallet, 16. 


r«rf//(, 16. 


and a Driver, 17. 


ac Tudicuia, 17. 



LXXXII. 

The Roper and the Cordwainer 




Restio, & Lorarius. 
The Roper, i. | SesHo, t. 



twisteth Cords, z. 

of Tow, or Hemp, 4. 

(which he wrappeth about 

himsetf) b^ 

the turning of a Wheel, 3. 

Thus are made 
first Cords, 5. 
then Jiopes, 6. 
and at last. Cables, 7. 

The Cord-wainer, 8. 
cutteth great Thongs, 10. 
Bridles, 11. 
Girdles, 13. 
Sword-belts, 13, 
Pouches, 14. 
Port-mantles, 15. &c. 
out of a Beast-hide, 9. 



CODtorquet Funes, 2. 

k Stupa, 4. vel Cannabi, 

quam circumdat 

sibi 

agitatione Rotula, 3. 

Sic Gunt, 
primd Funiculi, 5. 
turn Restes, 6. 
tandem Rudentes, 7. 

Lorarius, 8. 
scindit Loramenta, 10. 
Frana, 11. 

Baltheos, 13, 
Crumenas, 14. 
Hippoperas, 15., &c. 
de fcr/o bubulo, 9. 



The Traveller. LXXXIH. 




A Traveller, \. j Viator, \. 

beareth on his shoulders | portal humeris 



r loi; 



in a Budgety 2. 

those things 

which his Satchel^ 3. 

ox Pouchy 4. cannot hold. 

He is covered 
with a Cloaky 5. 

He holdeth a Staff, 6. in 
liis hand wherewith 
to bear up himself. 

He hath need of 
Provision for the way, 
as also of a pleasant and 
merry Companion^ 7. 

Let him not forsake the 
High-roady 9. for a Foot- 
way y 8. unless it be a 
beaten Path, 

By-way Sy 10. 
and places where two ways 
meety 11. 

deceive and lead men aside 
into uneven-places y 12. 
«o do not By-paths y 13. 
and CrosS'WaySy 14. 

Let him therefore en- 
'quire of those he meetethy 
15. which way he must go; 
and let him take heed 
of Robbers y 16. 
as in the wayy so also 
in the Inn, 17. where 
•he lodgeth all Night. 



in Bulgay 2. 
quae non capit 
Funday 3. 
vel Marsupiuniy 4. 

Tegitur 
Lacemdy 5. 

Tenet Baculuniy 6. Manu 
quo 
se fulciat. 

Opus habet 
Viaticoy 

ut & fido & facundo 
ComitCy 7. 

Non deserat Viam 
regiam propter Setnitam^ 8. 
nisi sit 
Callis tritus, 

Aviay 10. 
& Biviay II. 

fallunt & seducunt, 
in SalebraSy 12. 
non aequd TramiteSy 13. 
& Compitay 14, 

Sciscitet igitur 
obvioSy 15. 
qui sit eundum; 
& caveat 
PradoneSy 16. 
ut in viAy sic etiam 
in Diver sorioy 17. 
ubi pernoctat. 




The Horse-^ 
setteth a Saddle, z. 
on his Horst, 3. 
and girdcth it on 
with a Girth, 4. 

He layeth a Saddle-cloth, 
5. also upon hint. 

He decketh him with 
Trappings, a Fore-stall, 6. 
A Breast-doth, 7. 
and a Crupper, 8. 

Then he getteth upon 
bis Horse, putteih his feet 
into the Slirrops, 9. talc- 
tththe Bridle-rein, 10. 11. 
in his left hand, wherewith 
he guideth and holdeth 
the Horse. 

Then he putteth to 
his Spurs, 12. 



imponit £quo, 2. 
Ephippium, 3. 
idque succingit 
Cingulo, 4., 

lasternit etiam Dorsuale,. 
S- 

Ornat eum 
Phaleris, Frontati, 6. 
Antilena, 7. 
& Postilena, 8. 

Deinde insilit in 
Equum, indit pedes 
Stapedibus, 9. 
cape^sit Lorum (habe> 
nam),io. /r^n/', 11. sinistra, 
quo dectit, & retinet 
Equum. 

Turn admovet 
Calearia, is. 



r 103; 



and setteth him on 
with a Swiieh, 13. 
and holdeth him in 
with a Musrel, 14. 

1\it! HolsUrs, IS- 
hang down from the Pum<- 
meloiKh^ Saddle, 16. 
in which the Pistols, 17. 
are put. 

The Rider is clad in a 
short Coat, 18. 
his Cloak being tyed be- 
hind him, 19. 

A Post, 20, 
is carried on Horseback 
at full Gallop. 



incitatque 
Virgula, 13. 
& co§rcet 
Postomide, 14. 

Bulga, 15. 
pendent ex Afice 
Ephippii, 16. 
quibus Sclopi, 17. 

iscruntur. 

Ipse Eques induitur 
Chlamyde, 18. 
Laarnd revinctA, 19. 
i, tcrgo. 

Vtredarius, 20, 
fertur Equo 
cursim. 



Carriages. 




Wc arc carried on a Sled, 
1. over Snow and Ice. 

A Carriage with one 
Wheel, is called a Wheel, 
barrtrwy 3. 



Vehimur Trahd, i. 
super Nivibus & Glacie. 

Vehiculum unirotum, 
dicitur Pabo, i. 



( >04>) 



with two Wheels, a Cart^ 3. 
with four Wheels,a Wagotiy 
which is either 
a Timber-wagon^ 4, 
or a Load'Wagofiy 5. 

The parts of the Wagon 
are, the Neep (or draught- 
tree), 6. the Beaniy 7. 
the Bottom^ 8. 
and the Sides^ 9. 

Then the Axle-trees^ 10. 
about which the Wheels 
run, the Lin-pins^ 11. 
and Axletree-staveSy 12. be- 
ing fastened before them. 

The Nave^ 13. is the 
groundfast of the Wheels 
14. from which come 
twelve Spokes^ 15. 

The Ring encompasseth 
these, which is made 
of six Felloes^ 16. 
and as many StrakeSy 17. 
IfampiersdLud. Surdles^ 18, 
are set in a Wagon. 



birotum, Carrus^ 3. 
quadrirotum, Currus^ 
qui vel 
Sarracunty 4. 
vel Plaustrunty 5. 

Partes Currtls sunt, • 
TemOy 6. 
Jugum, 7. 
CompageSy 8. 
Spondee y 9. 

Tum -^:i:^j, 10. 
circa quos J?^/^ currunt, 
PaxilliSy II. 
& ObicibuSy 12. 
praefixis. 

Modiolus^ 13. est 
Basis J?^/^, 14. 
ex quo prodeunt 
duodecim Radiiy 15. 

Orbile ambit hos, 
compositum 
d sex Absidibus^ 16. 
& totidem Canthis^ 17. 
Corbes & Crates^ 18. 
imponuntur Currui. 



LXXXVI. 



Carrying to, and fro. 




The Coaeh-man, i. 
joineth a Horse fit to match 
a Saddle-horse, a, 3. 
to the Coach-tree, 
with Thongs or Chains, 5. 
faaDging down from the 
Collar, 4. 

Then lie sitteth upon 
the Saddle-horse, 
and driveth them that go 
before him, 6. 
with a IVhip, 7. 
And guideth them 
with a String, 8 

He greaseth the Axle-tret 
with Axle-tree grease 
out of a Grease-pot, 9. 
and stoppeth the wheel 
with a Trigen, 10. 



juDgit Parippum, 2. Sella- 

rio, 3. 

ad Temorum, 

Loris vel Catenis, 5. 

depeadentibus 

de Helcio, 4, 

Deinde insidet 
Sellario, 
agit ante seantecessore5,6. 

Seuticd, J. 
& flectit 
Funibus, 8, 

Ungit Axem 
Axungid, 

ex vase unguentorio, 9. 
& inhibet rotam 
SuiSamine, 10. 



( xo6) 



Id a steep descent. 

And thus the Coach is 
driven along the Wheel- 
ruts, 11. 

Great Persons a.TC carrycd 
with six Horses, is. 
by two Coachmen, 
in a Hanging- waKOQ, 
which is called 
a Coach, 1 3 . 

Others with two Horses, 
14, in a Chariot, 15, 

Horse Litters, 16, 17. 
arc carried by two Horses. 

They use 
Pack- Horses, 
instead of fVaggons, 
tborow Hiils that are not 
passable, 18. 



in praecipiti descensu. 

Et sic aurigatur 
per Orbitas, ir. 

Magnates vehuDtur 
Sejugibus, It. 
duobus Rhedariis, 
Curru pensili, 
qui vocatur 
Carpentum (Pilentum), 13. 

Alii Bijugibus, 14. 
Essedo, ij. 

Arcers, 16. &.Lacticix, 17. 
portautur 4 duobus Equis. 

Utuntur 
Jumentis Cliteliariis, 
loco Curruum, 
per monies invios, iS. 



LXXXVII. 
Passing over Waters. Transitns Aquarum 




Lest be that is to pass I Trajecturus tj 
overaRivershouldbewet, I madefiat, 



(loi ) 



Bridges, t. 

were invented for Car- 
riages, and Foot-bridges, 2. 
for Foot-men. 

If a river 
have a Foord, 3. 
it is waded every 4. 

Flotes, 5. also are made of 
Timber pinned together; 
or Ferry-boats, 6. 
of planks laid close to- 
gether for fear they should 
receive Water. 

Besides ScuUtrs, 7. 
are made, which are rowed 
with an Oar, 8. 
or Pole, 9. 
or baled 
with an Ualingrope, 10. 



Pontes, I. 

excogitati sunt pro Ve~ 
htculis & Ponliculi, 2. 
pro Peditibus. 

Si Flumen 
liabet Vadum, 3. 
vadatur, 4. 

Rates,!^. etiam struuntur 
ex compactis tignis: 
vel Pontonet, 6. 
ex [rabibus consolidatis, 
ne excipiant aquam. 



Porrd Lintrts (Lei 
fabricantur, qui 
agnntur Remo, 8, 
vel Conio, 9. 
aut trahuntur 
Remulce, 10. 



ibi),7. 



Swimming. 




Men are wont also 
to swim over Waters 



Solent etiam 
tranare aquas 



(i<aj 



upon a iundie of flags, i. 

and besides upon blown 

Beast-bladders, i. 

and after, by throwing 

their Hands aod Feet, %. 

abroad. 

And at last they learned 
to tread ike water, 4. 
being plunged up to the 
girdle-stead, and carrying 
their C loath 5 upon their 
head. 

A Diver, 5. 
can swim also under 
the water like a Fish. 



super scirpeum fascem, i. 
porrd super inflatas bourn 
Vesicas, z. 

deindc liber^ jactatu 
Manuum Pedumque, 3. 

Tandem didicerunt 
ealcare aquam, 4. 

mersi 
cingulo tenus & gestantes 
Vestes supra caput. 

Urinator, 5. 
etiam natare potest 
sub aquA, ut Piscis. 



A Galley. 



Navis actuaria. 




shed 



A Ship fn 
with Oars, I. 
is a Barge,2. 
or a Foyst, &c. 
in which the Row 



Navis instructa 

est Vniremis, i. 
vel Biremis, &c. 
in qud Remiges, j. 



sitting on &aii, 4. 

by the Oar-rings, 

row, by striking the water 

with the Oarst 5. 

The Shipmaster, 6. 
Standing id the Fore-caslle, 
and the Steers-man, 7. 
sitting at the Stern, 
and holding the Rudder,%. 
Steer the Vessel. 



considentes pre Transtra, 
4. ad Scaimos, 
remigant pellendo aquam 
Remis, 

Proreta, 6. 
Stans in Prora, 
& Gubernalor, 7. 
sedens in Puppi, 
tenensque Clavum, 8. 
gubernant Navigium . 



A Merchant-ship. 



XC. 



Navis oncraria. 




A Skip, I. 
is driven onward 
not by Oars, but by the 
only force of the Winds. 

In it is a Mast, z. set up, 
festened with Shrtmds, j. 
OD all sides to the main- 
thains. 



Navigium, 1. 
impellltur, 
non remis, sed 
sold vi Ventorum. 

In illo Malus, 2. erigi- 
tur, firmatus Funibus, 3, 
undlquead Oras Navis, 



riio; 



to which the Sail-yards^ 4. 
are tied, and the Sails^$, to 
these, which are spread 
opetiy 6. to the wind, and 
are hoysed by Bowlings^ 7. 

The Sails are 
the Mainsail^ 8. 
the Trinket^ or Fore-sail^ 9. 
the Misen-^sail or Poop- 
sail^ 10. 

The Beak^ 11. 
is in the Fore-deck, 

The Ancient^ 12. 
is placed in the Stern, 

On the Mast 
is the Foretop^ 13. 
the Watch'tower oiXh^^\i\^ 
and over the Fore-top 
a l^d:«^, 14. 

Co shew which way the 
Wind standeth. 

The ship is stayed 
with an Anchor^ 15. 

The depth is fathomed 
with a Plummety i6. 

Passengers walk up and 
down the Decks ^ 17. 

The Sea men run to and 
fro through the Hatches^\%, 

And thus, even Seas 
are passed over. 



cui annectuntar >4«/(fifiMr,4. 

his, Vela^ 5. quae 

expanduntur^ 6. 

ad Ventum 

& Versoriis^ 7. versantur. 

Vela sunt 
Artemofiy 8. 
Doloviy 9. 
& Epidromus^ 10. 

Rostrum^ 11. 
est in Prora. 

Signum (vexillum), it. 
ponitur in Puppi, 

In Malo 
est Cordis^ 13. 
Specula Navis 
& supra Galeam 
Ap lustre^ 14. 
Ventorum Index. 

Navis sistitur 
Anchordy 15. 

Profunditas exploratur 
Bolide y 16. 

Navigantes deambulant 
in Tabulator 17. 

Nautae cursitant 
per ForoSy 18. 

Atque ita, etiam Maria 
trajiciuntur. 



Ship-wreck, 




When a Storm, i . 
ariseth on a sudden, 
they strike Sail, 2. 
lest the Ship should be 
dashed against Jiocks, 3 or 
light upon Shelves, 4. 

If they can not hinder her 
they suffer Ship-wreck, j. 

And then the men, the 
Wares, and all things are 
miserably lost. 

Nor doth the Skeat-an- 
ther, 6 being cast with a 
Cable, do any gootf. 

Some escape, 
either on a Plank, 7. 
and by swimming, 
or in the Boat, 8. 

Part of the Wares, 
with the dead folks, 
is carried out of the Sta, 9. 
oupn the Shears. 



Cum ProcellOy i, 
oritur repent^ 
contrahunt Vela, 2. 
ne Navis ad See^ulos, 3. 
allidatur, aut incidat 
in Brevia (Syrtes), 4. 

Si non possunt prohibere 
patiuntur Naufragium, 5, 

Turn Homines, 
Merces, omnia 
miserabiliter pereunt. 

Neque hie 
Sacra anchora, 6. Rttdenti 
jacia quidquam adjuvat. 

Quidam evadunt, 
Tel tabula, 7. 
ac enaundo, 
vel Seapha, 8. 

Pars Mercium 

im mortuis 
a Mart, 9. in littora defer- 



Writing. 




Tht: Anctenis writ 
in Tables done over with w 
witha brazen Poitret, i. 
with the sharp end, 2. 
whereof letters were en 
graven and rubbed ou 
again with tht broad end, i. 

Afterwards 
they writ Letters 
with a small Reed, 4. 

We use a Goose-ifuill, 5 
the Stem, 6. 
of which we make 
with a Pen-knife, 7. 
then we dip the Neb 
in an Ink-horn, 8, 
which is stopped 
with a Stopple, 9. 
and wc put our Pens, 
into a Pennar, 10. 

We dry a Writing 



Veteres scribebant 
in Tabellis eeratis 
Eeneo Stilo, 1, 
cujus/ar/f cuspidata, 2. 
exarabantur literse, 
rursum veroobliteraban> 
tur//a»d. 

Deinde 
Literas pingebant 
subtili Calamo, 4, 

Nos u timu r Anserina Pen- 
na, 5. cujus Caulem, 6. 
temperamus 
Scalpello, 7. 

turn intingimus Crenam 
in Alramentario, 8. 
quod obstruitur 
Opereulo, 9. 
& Pennas recoodimus 
in Calamario, 10. 

Siccamus Scripturam 



("3) 



with Bletting'p^per, 

or CtUis-sattd 

out of a Sand-box, 1 1 . 

And we iodeed 
write from the left haad 
towards the right, 13. 
the Hebretvs 
from the right hand 
towards the left, 13. 
the Chinese and other Indi- 
ans, Irom the top down- 
wards, 14. 



ChartA bibitlA, 

vel Arend scriptoria, 

ex Theca Pulveraria, 11. 

Et nos quidem 
scribimus & sinistra 
dextrorsum, 11. 

k dextr& 

sinistrorsum, 13. 
Chinenses & Indi alii, 
i summo deor- 
sum, 14. 



Paper. 



Papyrus. ' 




The Ancients Ubcd 
Beeeh-Boards, 1. 
or Leaves, 2. 

as also Barks, 3. of Trees ; 
e^ecially 

of^an Egyptian Shrub, 
which was called Papyrus. 

Now Paper is in use 
which the Paper-maker 



Tabulis Faginis, i. 

aut Foliis, a. 

ut & UMs, 3. ArboruM ; 

prsesertim 

Arbusculse Mgjpt\x, 

cui nomen erat Papyrus. 

Nunc Ckarta est in usu, 
quam Chatti^aus 



maketh in a Paper-mill, 4. 
of Lintn rags, 5. 
Stamped to Mask, 6. 
which being taken ufi in 
Frames, 7, 

he spreaideth xnio Skeets,Z. 
and setteth them in the Air 
that they may be dryed. 

Twenty-five of these 
make a ga/«, 9. 
twenty Quires a Ream, 10. 
' and ten of these 
9. Bale of Paper, 11. 

That which is to last 
long is written on Parch- 
ment, ii. 



in mola Papyracea,»,. confic- 

it d Linteis vetustis, 5. 

in Pulmetttum contusis, 6. 

quod haustum 

Normulis, 7. 

diducit in Plagulas, 8. 

exponilque aeri, 

ut siccentur. 

Harum XXV. 
faciunt Seapum, 9. 
XX. Scapi Volumen minus, 
10. horum X. 
Volumen majus, 11. 

Duraturum diu 
scribitur in Mem- 
brana, 13. 



Printing. 




The Primer hath 
metal Letters 
in a large number 
put into Boxes, 5, 

The Compositor, 1. 



Typographus habet 
Typos Metallos, 
magno numero dis- 
tributes per LoeulamentOy^ 

Typotheta, 1. 



("SJ 



taketh them out one by one 
and according to the Ccpy^ 
(which he hath fastened 
before him in a Visorumy 2.) 
<;omposeth words 
in a Composing-sticky 3. 
till a Line be made ; 
he putteth these in a Galfy^ 
.4. till a Page, 6. be made, 
and these again in z,Form^ 
7. and he locketh them up 
in Iron Chases^ 8. 
with Coyns, 9. 
lest they should drop out, 
and putteth them under 
Xh^PresSy 10. 

Then the Press-man 
beateth it over 
With Printers Inky 
by means of Balls^ 1 1. 
spreadeth upon it the Pa- 
pers put in the Frisket, 12. 
which being put 
tinder the Spindle^ 14. 
on the Coffin, 13. 
and pressed down with a 
Bary 15. he maketh 
Co take impression. 



eximit illos singulatim, 
& secundum exemplar^ 
(quod habet praefixum 
sibi RetinaculOy 2.) 
componit Verba 
Gnomoney 3. 
donee versus fiat ; 
hos indit FormcSy 4. 
donee PaginUy 6. fiat ; 
has iterum Tabuld compos- 
itoridy 7. coarctaque eo8 
Marginibus ferreiSy 8. 
ope Cochlearumy 9. 
ne dilabantur, 
ac subjicit 
PrelOy 10. 

Tum Impressor 
illinit 

Atramento impressorio 
ope Pilarumy 1 1 . 
super imponit Chartas 
inditas Operculoy 12. 
quas subditas 
TrochlecBy 14. 
in TigellOy 13. 
& impressas 
Sucul&y 15. facit 
imbibere typos. 



xcv. 



The Booksellers Shop. 



Bibliopolium. 




The Bookseller, i 
selleth Books 
in a Booksellers Shop, a. 
of which he writeth 
a Catalogue, 3. 

The Books are placed 
CD Shelves, 4. 
and are laid open for use 
upon a Desk, 5. 

A Multitude of Books 
is called a Library, 6. 



quorumconscribit 
Catalogum, j. 

Libri disponuntur 
per Seposiioria, 4. 
& exponuntur ad usum, 
super Pluteum, 5. 

Multitudo Librorum 
vocatur Bibliotheca, fi. 



The Book-biDder. 



Bibliopegus. 




Id times past they 
glewed Paper to Paper, 
and rolled them up to- 
getberinto one Roll, i. 

At this day 
the Bopk-binder 
bindeth Books, 
whilst he wipeth, 2. over 
Papers steept in Gum-wa- 
ier, and then foldeth them 
together, 3. 

beatheth with a hammer, 4. 
then stitrheth them up, 5. 
presseth them in a Pressfi. 
which hath two Screws, 7. 
glueth them on the hack, 
-cutteth off the edges 
with a round Knife, 8. 
and at last covereth them 
with Parchment or Leather, 
<). maketh them handsome, 
and setteth on Clasps, 10. 



Olim agglutinabant 
Chartam CnartBC, 
convolvebaDtque eas 
in unum Volumen, i. 

Hodifi 
Compactor 
compingit Libros, 
dum tergit, 1. 
chartas maceratas agud 
glutinosd, deinde 
complicat, 3. 
malleat, 4. 
turn consult, j. 
conprimit Prelo, 6. 
quod habet duos Cec/ileas,y , 
couglutinat dorso, 
demarginat 
rotundo Cultro, 8. 
tandem vest it 
Membrand vel Corio, 9. 
efformat, 
& affigit Uneinulos, 10. 




KBook 
as to its outward shape, 
is either in Folio, \. 
or ia Quarto^ 2. 
ID Oclava, 3. 
in Duodecimo, 4. either 
ma^ to open Side-wise, ;. 
or Long-wise, 6. 
with Brazen Clasps, 7. 
or Strings, 8. 
and Square-bofies^ 9. 

Within are Leaves, 10, 
with two Pages, 
sometimes divided witli 
Columns, II. 
and Marginal Notes, i z. 



quoad exterlorem formam. 

est vel in Folia, i . 

vel in Quarto, 1. 

in Octavo, 3. 

in Duodecimo, 4. 

vel Columnatus, 5. 

vel Linguatus, 6. 

cum Mneis Clausuris, 7. 

vel Ligulis, 8. 

& angularibus Bullis, 9. 

tntds sunt Folia, 10. 
duabis Faginis, 
aliquando Columnis, 11. di— 
visa cumq; 
Notis Marginalihus, \2. 



(••9) 
XCVIII. 



iiiii^BiFi 




A School, 1 . 
is a Shop in whicli 
Young Wits are fashion'd 
to venue, and it is 
distinguish'd into Forms. 

The Master, 2. 
sitteth in a CAair, 3. 
the Scholars, 4, 
in Forms, %. 
heteacheih, they learn. 

Some things 
are writ dow n before them 
with C/ialk on a Table, 6. 

Some sit 
•t a Table, and write, j. 
he mendeth their Faults, S. 

Some stand and rehearse 
things committed to 
memory, 9. 

Some talk together, 10. 
and behave themselvef 
wantonly and carelessly; 



Schola, 1. 
est Officina, in qu& 
Novelli Animi formantur 
ad virtutem, & 
distioguitur in Classes, 

Praceptor, 2. 
sedet in Cathedra, ]. 
Discipuli, 4. 

Subselliis, 5. 

le docet, hi discuat. 

Quaedam 
praescribuntur illis 
CretA in Tabella, 6. 

Quidam sedeot 
ad Mensam, & scribunt, 7. 
ipse corrigit Mendas, 8. 

Quidam stant, & reci- 
tant mandata 
memorise, 9. 

Quidam confabulantun 
10. acgerunt se 
petulances, & negligentes; 



these are chastised 
with a Ferrula. 1 1, 
and z.Rod, 13. 



jhi castigantur 
/Vnf/rf (baculo). 
|& Virgd, 11. 



The Study. 




The Study, 1. 
is aplacewhereaSiudent, 
3. apart from Men, 
sitteth alone, 
addicted to his Studies, 
whilst he readeth Books, 3. 
which being withia his 
reach he layeth open up- 
on a Dtik, 4. and picketh 
all the hest things out of 
them into his own Manual, 
$. or marketh them in 
them with a Dash, 6. 
or ^little Star, 7, 
in the Margtnt. 

Being to sit up late, 



Museum, 1. 
esc locus ubi Studiosus, 3. 
sccrctus ab Homlnibus,' 
sedet solus 
deditus Studiis, 
dutn lectitat Libras, 3. 

IS penes se 
& exponit super 
Pluteum, 4. & excerpit 
optima quseque ex illis 
Id Manuaie suum, 5. 
nocat in illis 
Liturd, 6. 
vel Asterisco, 7. 
ad Margiem. 

Lucubraturus, 



(I" ) 



tie setteth a Candle, 8. 
on a CaMdlestick, 9. 
which is SDuffed with Snuf- 
Jers, 10. before the Caodlei 
be placeth a Serein, 11. 
which is green, that it may 
not hurt his eye-sight ; 
richer Persons use a T^er, 
for a TtUlow-candle siink- 
«th and smoaketh. 

A Letter, la. is wrapped 
up, writ upon, 13. 
and sealed, 14. 

Going abroad by night, 
he malceth use of a Lan- 
tkam, 15. or a Ti>reh, 16. 



elevat ZyeAnum (Caiulam), 
8. in Candelabra, 9. 
qui emungitur .£>H»(u'/or/o, 
10. ante Lynchuoi collo- 
cat Umbraeulum, 11. 
quod viride est, ne bebe- 
tet oculorum aciem ; 
opuientiores utuntur Cereo 
nam Candela sebacea 
foctet & fugimat. 

Epistola, i2.coniplicatur, 
inscribitur, 13. 
& obsignatur, 14. 

Prodieos noctu 
utitur Zon/^rfut, 15. 
vcl Face, 16. 



Arts belonging to Speech. 




Artes Sermones. 

[ Grammatica, 1, 



( ^^^ ) 



is conversant about Lettersy 
2. of which it maketh 
Wordsy'^. and teacheth how 
to utter, write, 4. put to- 
gether and part them 
rightly. 

Rhetoric ky 5. 
doth as it were paint, 6. 
a rude form, 7. 
of Speech with Oratory 
Flourishes y 8. 
such as are Figures^ 
FlegancieSy 
AdagieSy 
Apothegms^ 
Sentences^ 
SimilieSy 
HierogylphickSy &*c. 

Poetry^ 9. 
gathereth these Flowers of 
Speech^ 10. 

and tieth them as it were 

into a little Garland^ 11. 

and so making oi Prose 

a Poeniy 

it maketh several sorts of 

Verses and Odes^ 

and is therefore crowned 

with a Laurely 12. 

Mustek^ 13. 

setteth Tunesy 14. 

with pricksy 

to which it setteth words, 

and so singeth alone, 

or in Consorty 

or by Voice, or 

Musical Instruments, 15. | 



versatur circa LiteraSy 2. "" 
ex quibus componit VoceSy, 
verbay 3. docetqueelo- ' j 
qui, scribere, 4. constru- 
ere, distinguere (inter- 
pungere) eas recte. 

Rhetorica^ 5. 
pingit, 6. quasi 
XM^^va formamy 7. 
Sermonis Oratoriis 
Pigmentis^ 8. 
ut sunt FigurcSy 
Elegantieey 
Adagia (proverbia) 
Apothegmatay 
SententicR (Gnomae) 
Similiay 
Hieroglyphicay &*c, 

PoesiSy 9. 
colligit hos Flores 
OrationiSy 10. 

& colligat quasi 

in Corallaniy 11. 

atque ita, faciens d prosa 

ligatam orationenty 

componi varia 

Carmina & Hytnnos {Oddsy 

ac propterea coronatur 

Lauruy 12. 

Musicay 13. 

componit MelodiaSy 14. 

NotiSy 

quibus aptat verba, 

atque ita cantat sola 

vel Concentu(Symphonia)y 

aut voce aut 

Instrumentis Musicis, 15^ 



Musical Instruments. CI. lastrumenta musica. 




Musieal Instruments are 
thosewhich make a sound: 

First, 
when they arc beaten upon, 
as a Cymbal^ \. with a Pestil, 
a UtUt Bell, 2. 
with an Iron pellet within ; 
or Rattle, 3. 
by tossing it about : 
a Jews-Trump^ 4. 
being put to the mouth, 
with the fingers; 
a Drum, 5. 
and a Kettle, 6. 
with a Drum-stick, 7, 
as also the Dulcimer, 8. 
with the Shepherds-harp, g. 
and the Tymbrel, 1 o. 

Secondly, 
upon which strings are 
stretched,and struck upon, 
Uthe Psaltery, 11, 



Musica instrumenta sunt 
quse edunt vocem^ 

Primd, 
cum pulsantur, 
ut Cymbalum, 1. PisHlle, 
Tintinnabulum, z. 
intus Globulo ferreo, 
Crepitaculum, 3. 
circumvcrsando ; 
Crembalum, 4. 
ori admotum, 
Dtgito ; 
Tympanum, S- 
& Ahenum, 6. 
Claviculd, 7. 
ut & Sambuca, 8. 
cum Organo pasloritio, 9. 
& ,S(V/r»m(CrotaIum), 10. 

Secundd, 
in quibus Chordx 
iatenduntur& plectuntur 
ut Nablium, 11. 



r ih; 



and the Virginals^ 12. 

with both hands; 

the Lute^ 13. 

(in which is the Neck^ 14. 

the Belly ^ 15, 

the Pegs^ 16. 

by which the Strings^ 17. 

are stretched 

upon the Bridge^ 18.) 

the Cittern^ 19. 

with the right hand only, 

the Vi€U, 20. 

with a Bow^ 21, 

and the Harp^ 23. 

with a Wheel within, 

which is turned about: 

the Stops^ 22. 

in everv one are touched 

with the left hand. 

At last, 
those which are blown, 
as with the mouth, 
the FlutCy 24. 
the ShawfHy 25. 
tht Bag'pipe^ 26. 
the Cornet^ 27. 
the Trumpet^ 28, 29. 
or with Bellows^ 
as 2ipair of Organs^ 30. 



cum Clavircordio^ 12. 

utrAque roanu; 

Testudo (Chelys), 13. 

(in qu4 yugum, 14. 

Magadium^ 15. 

& Verticilli^ 16. 

quibus Nervi^ 17. 

intenduntur 

su^GT Ponticulam^ 18.) 

& Cytharay 19. 

Dexterft tantum, 

Pandura^ 20. 

PUctrOy 21. 

& Z>^r<z, 23. 

intus rot&, 

quae versatur : 

JDimensioneSy 22. 

in singulis tanguntur 

sinistra. 

Tandem 
quae inflantur, 
ut Ore, 

Fistula {Tibia\ 24. 
Gingras, 25. 
TV^/Vi utricularis^ 26. 
LdtuuSy 27. 

TW^^z, 28. Buccina, 29. 
vel Follibusy ut 
Organum pneumaticum^ 30. 



Philosophy. 



Philosophia. 




The Naturaiiit, i , 
Tiewetb all the works of 
God in the World. 

The Supernaturalist, 2. 
searches out the Causes 
aod Effects of things. 

The Arithmetician, 
reclcoDeth numbers, 
by adding, subtracting, 
multiplying and dividing; 
and that either by Cyphers, 
3. on a Slate, 
or by Counters, 4, 
upon a Desk. 

Country people reckon, 5. 
w\ih figures of tens, X. 
».nd.Jigurts of five, V. 
by twelves, fifteens, 
and thrtescores. 



PhysHus, 1. 
speculatur omnia Dei 
Opera in Mundo. 

MetapHysicus, a. 
perscrutatur Causas, 
& rerum Effects. 

Ariihmeticus 
computat numeros, 
addendo, subtrahendo, 
multiplicando, dividendo; 
idque vel Cyphris, 3. 
in Palimocesto, 
vel Calculis, 4. 
super Abacum. 
' Rustici numeraot, 5. 
Decussibus, X. 
& Quineuncibus, V. 
per Duodenas, Quindenatf 
& Sexagenas. 



Geometry 




A Geometrician 
nieasureth the htight of 
a Tower, i .... 2. 
or the distance 
oi places, 3. ...4. 
cither with a Quadrant, 5. 
or a yacob's-staff, 6. 

He maketh out the 
Figures of things, 
with Lines, 7. 
Angles, 8. 
and Circles, 9. 
by a ^u/f, 10. 
a Square, 1 1 , 
and ^ pair of Compasses, \%. 

Out of these arise 
au (hal, 13. 
a Triangle, 14. 
a Quadrangle^ 1 j. 
and other figures. 



Geometra 
mctitur Altituditum 
Turris, 1 , ... 2. 
aut disianliam 
Locorum, 3.. ..4, 
sive Quadranie, 5. 
sive Radio, 6. 

Designat 
Figuras rerum 
Lineis, y, 
Angulis, S. 
& Circulii, 9. 
ad Regulam, 10. 
Normam. \ 1. 
& Circinum, 1 a. 

Ex his oriuQtur 
Cylindrus, 13. 
Trigonus 14. 
Tetragonus, 15. 
& alis figune. 



( 127 ; 
The Celestial Sphere. CIV. 



Sphera caelestis. 




Astronomy couidereth 
the motion of the Stars, 
Astrology 
the Effects of them. 

The Globe of Heaven 
is turaed about upon an 
Axle-tree, i. 
about the Globe of the 
Earth, %. In the 
Space of XXIV. hours. 

The Pole-stars, or Pole, 
the Arctiek, 3. 
the Antaretick, 4. 
■conclude the Axle-tree 
at both ends. 

The Heaven is full of 
Stars every where. 

There arc reckoned above 
a thousand fixed Stars ; 
but of Constellations 
towards the North, XXI. 
towards the South, XVI. 



Aslronomia considerat 
motus Asirorum, 
Astrologia 
eoruro Effectus. 

Globus Call 
volviiur 
super Axem, i. 
chciL globum 
terra, t. 
spacio XXIV. horarum. 

Stella polares, 
Arcticus, 3. 
Antarctieus, 4. 
finiunt Axem 
utrinque. 

Codum est 
Stellatum undique. 

Stellarum fixarum 
nurneranlur plus mille ; 
Siderum verb 
Septentrionarium, XXI, 
Meridionalium, XVI. 



r izsj 



Add to these the XII. 
signs of the Zodiague^ 5. 
every one XXX. degrees, 
whose names are f Aries 
>i TauruSf n Gemini^ 
O Cancer^ Q LeOy "^ Virgo^ 
^ Libra^ ^ Scorpius^ 

* Sagittarius^ V3 Capricor^ 

^ AquariuSy X Pisces: 

Under this move the 
seven Wandring-stars 
which they call Planets^ 
whose way is a circle in 
the middle of the Zodiack, 
called the Ecliptick^ 6. 

Other Circles are 
the HorizoHy 7. 
the Meridian^ 8. 
the j^quator^ 9. 
the two Coluresy the 
one of the EquinoctSy 10. 
(of the Spring 
when the O entreth into f ; 
AutumneU 

when it entreth in ^) 
the other of the Solsticesyii, 
{of the Summer^ 
when the O entreth into ® 
of the Winter 
when it entreth into V3) 
the TropickSy 

the Tropick of Cancer ^ 1 2. 
the Tropick of Capricorn^ 1 3 . 
and the two 
Polar Circles y 14 .... 15. 



Adde Signay XII. 
Zodiac iy 5. 

quodlibetgraduum, XXX.. 
quorum nomina sunt 
*f ArieSy W Taurus, n (?^m. 
® Cancer^ Q Z^£?, t51 Virgo^ 
t Libra, ^ ScorpiuSy 

^ SagittariuSy V3 Capricorn^. 

Js: AquariuSy X Pisces, 

Sub hoc cursitant 
Stella err antes VII. 
quas vocant Planetas, 
quorum via est Circulvs,. 
in medio Zodiaci, 
d ictus Eclipticay 6. 

Alii Circuli sunt 
Horizony 7. 
MeridianuSy 8. 
Equatory 9. 
duo Coluriy 

alter ./Equinoxiorumy 10. 
( Verniy 

quando • ingreditur f ; 
AutumncUiSy 
quando ingreditur ^) 
zltCT Solsticiorunty 11. 

quando • ingreditur O; 

Hyberniy 

quando ingreditur V3) 

duo Tropiciy 

Tr, Cancriy 12. 

TV. Capricorni^ 13. 

& duo 

PolareSy 14. ...15. 



r"9j 

CIV. 
The Aspects of the Planets. 




The Moan 
ruDDCth through the Zodi- 
ack every Month. 

The Sun, A ia z Year. 

Mereury, tf and Venus, ! 
about the Sun, the one 
in a hundred and fifteen, 
the other in 585 days. 

Mars, i in two years; 

JupiUr, % 
in almost twelve; 

Saturn, •! 
in thirty years. 

Hereupon they meet va- 
riously among themselves, 
and have mutual Aspects 
one towards another. 



Plan eta rum As pectus. 
Luna 



percurrit Zodiaeum 
singulis Memibus. 

Sol, 9 Anno. 

Mercurius, tf & Venus, S 
circa Solem, ilia 

cxv, 

h»c DLXXXV. Diebus. 

Mars, s Biennio; 

Jupiter, % 
ferS duodccim ; 

Saturnus, % 
triginta annis. 

Hinc conveniunt varid 
inter se 
& se mutuo 
adspiciunt. 



(ISO) 



As here the • and are 
in Conjunction, 
^tkodMtwn in Oppontion, 

• and % in a Trine Aspect, 

• and U in a QuartiU, 

• and A in a Sextile. 



Ut faic sunt, • & 
in ConpineHone, 
% and Luna in OppcsiHone^ 
9 & % in Trigono, 
9 & U in Quadratura, 
• & J in &x/!r7f. 



The Apparitions of the Moon, 




Phases 
The Moon shineth 
not by her own Light 
but that which is bor- 
rowed of the Sun. 

For the onehalf of it 
is always enli^htned, the 
other remaioetb darkish. 
Hereupon we see it in 
Conjunction with the Sun,\. 
to be obscure, almost none 
at all ; in OppoHHon, 5. 



Lun». 

Luna, lucet 
non sua propria Lute, 
sed mutuatft 
9. Sole. 

Nam altera ejus medie- 
tas semper illuminatur, 
altera roanet caliginosa. 

Hincvidemus, 
in Conjunctione Solis, 1. 
obscuram, imo nullam : 
in Opposilione, 5. 



ri3'; 



whole and clear, 
{and we call it 
the Full Moon ;) 
sometimes in the half, 
(and we call it thtPrinu^ 3 . 
and last Quarter ^ 7.) 

Otherwise it waxeth,2. . 4. 
or waneth, 6. . . 8. 
and is said to be horned^ 
or more than half round. 



totam & lucidam, 

f& vocamus 

PlemluniuM y) 

alias dimidiam, 

(& dicimus Primam^ 3. 

& ultimam Quadram^ 7.) 

Cseteroqui crescit, 2 . .4. 
aut decrescit, 6 ... .8. 
& \ocsLtuT /alcata, 
vel gibbosa. 



The Eclipses. 



CVI. 



Eclip 




The Sun 
is the fountain of light, 
inlightning all things, 
but the Earthy 1. 
and the Moon^ 2« 
being shady bodies, are not 
pierced with its rays, for 

they cast a shadow upon 

the place just over against 

them. 

Therefore, 

when the Moon lighteth 



Sol 
est fons Lucis, 
illuminans omnia; 
sed Terra^ i. 
& Luna^ 2. 
Corpora opaca, non 
penetrantur ejus radiis, 

nam jaciunt umbram 

in locum oppositum. 

Ideo 
cum Luna incidit 



into the shadow of the 
Earth, a. it is darlceDcd, 
which we call aa EcUptt, 
or defect. 

But when the^MW run- 
neth betwixt the Sun 
and the Earth, 3. 
it covereth it with its 
shadow ; and this we call 
the EcHpse of the Sun, 
because it taketh from us 
the sight of the Sun, 
and its light ; 
neither doth the Sun for 
all that suffer any thing, 
but ihe Earth. 



in umbnim 
Terra, a. obscuratur 
quod vocamus Eciipsin 
(deliquium) Luna. 

Cum vero Luna currit 
inter Selem 
& Terrain, 3. 

obtegit ilium umbri su&; 
& hoc vocamus 
Eelipsin Solis, 
quia adimit nobis 
prospecium Solis, 
& lucem ejus; 
□ ec tamen Sol 
patitur aliquid, 
sed Terra. 



CVII. a 
The terrestial Sphere. 




Sphera terrestris. 

The Earth is round, and I Terra est rotunda, 
therefore to be represented fingenda igitur 
by two Hemispheres, a , . b. duobus Htmisphertis, » . . b. 

The Circuit of it i Ambitus ejus 



( tn) 



is 360 degrees 

{whereof every one maketh 

60 English Miles 

or 11600 Miles,) 

■nd yet it is but a priclc. 

compared with the World, 

whereof it is the Centre. 

They measure Longi- 
tude of it by Climates, 1. 
and the Latitude 
by Parallels, 2. 

The Ocean, 3. compasseth 
it about,and five Seas wash 
it, the Mediterranean Sea, 4. 
xhcBaltici Sea, 5. the £ed 
Sea, 6. the Persian Sea, 7. 
and the Caspian Sea, 8. 



est graduum CCCLX. 
(quorum quisque focit 
LX. Milliaria Angiiea 
vel 31600 Milliarium) 
& tamen est punctum, 
collata cum orbe, 
cujus Cenirum est. 

Longitudincm ejus 
dimetiuDtur Climatilms, i. 
Latitvdinem, 
lineis Parallelis, 2. 

Oceanus. 3. ambit earn 
& Maria V. perfunduDt 
Mediterraneum, 4. 
Balticum, 5. Erythraum, 6. 
Persicum, 7. 



CVII. b 
The terrestial Sphere. 




Sphera terrestris. 
It is divided into V. Zones, I Disiribuitur in Zonas V., 
whereof the l\. frigid ones,\i\\nT\iva dxxx/rigida, 
9. ...9. I9....9. 



r «34>» 



are uninhabitable ; 

the II. Temper cUe ones, lo 

. . lo. and the Torrid one, 

II. habitable. 

Besides it is divided 

into three Continents ; 

this of ours, 12. which is 

subdivided into Europeyi^. 

Asia^ 14. Africa^ 15. 

America^ 16 .... 16. 

(whose Inhabitants are 
Antipodes to us;) 
and the South Landy 1 7 . . 1 7. 
yet unknown. 

They that dwell underthe 
North poUy 1 8. have the days 
and nights 6 months long. 

Infinite Islands 
float in the Seas. 



sunt inhabitabiles ; 

duae Temperata^ 10. . . . lOv 

& Torrida^ 11. 

habitantur. 

Ceterum divisa est 

in tres Continentes j 

nostram, 12. qusesubdi- 

viditur in Europam^ 13. 

Asianiy 14. & Africam^ 15. 

in Americanly 16. ... 16. 

(cujus incolae 

sunt Antipodes nobis;) 

& in Terram Australem^ 17 

. . 17. adhuc incognitam. 

Habitantes sub ArctOy 
18. habent Dies 
Noctes semestrales, 

Infinitae Insula 
natant in maribus. 



Europe. 



CVIII. 



Europa. 




The chief Kingdoms of 
Eurcpey are 



In Europd nostrA 
sunt Regna primaria, 



Spain^ I. 
France y 2. 
Jtaly, 3. 
Englandy 4. 
Scotland^ 5. 
Ireland^ 6. 
Germany^ 7. 
Bohemia^ 8. 
Hungary, 9. 
Croatia, 10. 
Dacia, 11. 
Sclavonia, 12. 
Greece y 13. 
Thrace, 14. 
Podolia, 15. 
Tartary, 16. 
Utuania, 17. 
Poland, 18. 
The Netherlands, 19. 
Denmark, 20. 
Norway, 21. 
Swethland, 22. 
Lapland, 23. 
Finland, 24. 
Usland, 25. 
Prussia, 26. 
Muscovy^ 27. 
and Russia, 28. 



Hispania, 1. 
Gallia, 2. 
Italia, 3. 

Anglia (Britania), 4. 
Scotia, 5. 
Hibernia, 6. 
Germdnia, 7. 
Bohemia, 8. 
Hungaria, 9. 
Croatia, 10. 
Dacia, 11. 
Sclavonia, 12. 
Grcecia, 13. 
Thracia, 14. 
Podolia, 15. 
Tartaria, 16. 
Utuania, 17. 
Polonia, 18. 
Belgium, 19. 
JDania, 20. 
Norvegia, 21. 
Suecia, 22. 
Lappia, 23. 
Finnia, 24. 
Livonia, 25. 
Borussia, 26, 
Muscovia, 27. 
Russia, 28. 



Morel Philosophy. 




"This lAfe is a way, 
or ^ place divided into two 
ways, like 

Pylhagoras's Letter Y. 
broad, i. 

on the left hand track ; 
oarrow, a. od the right; 
that belongs to Vice, j. 
this to Virtue, 4. 

Mind, Young Man, 5. 
imiute Hercules : 
leave the left hand way, 
turn from Vice ; 
the Entrance, 6. is fair, 
but the End, 7. 
is ugly and steep down. 

Go on the right hand, 
though it be thorny, 8. 
DO way is unpassible to 
vertue ; follow whither 
yertue leadeth 



Vita haec est via, 
sive Sivium, 
simile 

Littern Pithagorica Y, 
latum, 1. 
sinistro tramite 
angustum, 1. dextro; 
ille Vitii, 3. est 
hie Virtvtis, 4. 

Adverte juvenis, 5. 
imitate Hercuhm; 
linque sinistram, 
aversare Vitium ; 
W(AV»j speciosus, 6. 
sed Exitus, 7. 
turpis & prseceps. 

Dextere ingredere, 
utut spinosa, 8. 
nulla via in via 
virtuti ; sequere qu& viA 
ducit virtus 



through narrow places 

to stately palaces, 

to the Tower of honour, 9. 

Keep the middle 
and streight/tfM, and 
tfaou Shalt go very safe. 

Take heed thou do not 
go too much on the right 
hand, 10. 

Bridle in, la. the wild 
Horse, II. ofAffect ion, lest 
thou fall down headlong. 

See thou dost not go 
amiss on the left hand, 13. 
in an ass-like sluggishness, 
14. but go onwards con- 
stantly, persevere to the 
end, and thou shalt be 
crown'd, ij. 



[>er angusla, 
ad augusta, 
ad Arcem futnoris, 9. 

Tene medium & 
rectum tramitem; 
ibis tutissimus. 

Cave excedas 
ad dextrara, 10. 

Compesce freno, 11. 
equum ferocem, 11. Affec- 
tfis ne prseceps fias. 

Cave 
deficias ad sinistram, 13. 
segnitie asininfl, 14, 
sed progredere constanter 
pertende ad 
finem, & coro- 
naberis, 15. 



Prudence. 



Prudentia. 




Prudence, 1. 
looketh upon all thiofrs 



Prudentia, 1. 
circumspectat omnia 



r >38>> 



as a Serpent^ 2. 

and doeth, speaketh, or 

thinketh nothing in vain. 

She looks backwards^ 3. 
as into a Looking-glass^ 4. 
to things past ; 
and seeth before her^ 5. 
as with a Perspective-glass^ 
7. things to come, 
or the £nd, 6. 
and so she perceiveth 
what she hath done, and 
what remaineth to be done. 

She proposeth 
an Honesty Profitable and 
withal, if it may be done, 
a Pleasant End^ 
to her Actions. 

Having foreseen the End^ 
she looketh out MeanSy 
as a Way^ 8. 
which leadeth to the End; 

but such as are certain 

and easie, and fewer 

rather than more, lest 

anything should hinder. 

She watcheth Opportuni- 
iyy 9. (which having 
a bushy fore-head^ 10. 
and being bald-pated^ 11. 
and moreover 
having wingSy 1 2. 
doth quickly slip away,) 
and catcheth it. 

She goeth on her way 
warily, for fear she should 
stumble or go amiss. 



ut Serpens^ 2. 
agitque^ loquitur, aut 
cogitat nihil incassum. 

Respicity 3. 
tanquam in Speculum^ 4. 
ad praterita j 
iiprospicity 5. 
tanquam Telescopio^ 7. 
Futura^ 
seu Fineniy 6. 
atque ita perspicit 
quid egerit, 
& quid restet agendum^ 

Actionibus suis 
praefifi^it Scopum^ 
HonestuMy UHlenty 
simulque, si fieri potest^ 
Jucundum. 

Fine prospecto, 
dispicit Mediay 
ceu Vianiy 8. 
quae ducit ad finem, 

sed certa & facilia ; 

pauciora potids 

qu4m plura, 

ne quid impediat. 

Attend it Occasioniy 9. 
(quae 

Fronte Capillatay 10. 
sed Venice calva^ 11. 
adhaec 
alatay 12. 
facile elabitur) 
eamque captat. 

In vi& pergit cautd (pro- 
vide) ne impingat 
aut aberret. 



Diligence. 




Diligenee, i. loveth la- 
bours, avoideth Sloth, 
is always at work, 
like the Pismire, 2. 
and carricth together, as 
she doth, for herself. 
Store of all things, 3. 

She doth not always 
sleep, or make holidays, 
a» the Sluggard, 4. 
and the GrasAopper, 5. do, 
whorn Want, 6. 
at the last ovenaketh. 

Shepursueth what things 
she hath undertaken cbear- 
fully, even to the end ; 
sheputteth nothing offtill 
the morrow, nor doth she 
sing the Crow's song, 7. 
which saith over and over, 



Sedulitas,\. amat labores, 
fugit Ignaviam, 
semper est in opere, 
Ut Formica, 1. 
& coroporut, ut ilia, 
sibi, 
omnium rerum Copiam, 3. 

Non semper 
dormit, ferias agit, aut 
ut Ignavus, 4. 
& Cicada, 5. 
quos Inepia, 6. 
tandem p rem it. 

Urget 
inceptB alacriter 
ad finem usque; 
procrastinat nihil, 
nee 

cantat cantilenam Corvi, 7. 
qui ingeminat 



(HO J 



Cras, Cras. 

After labours undergone, 
and ended, 
being even wearied, 
she resteth her self; 
but being refreshed with 
Rest, that she may not use 
her self to Idleness, she falt- 
etfa again to her Business, 

A diligent Scholar 
is like Bees, 8, 
which carry honey 
from divers Flowers, 9. 
into their Hive, 10. 



Cras, Cras, 

Post labores 
exantlatos, 
& lassata, 
quiescit; 

sed recreau Quiete, 
ne adsuescat 
Otio, redit 
ad Negotia. 

Diligens Discipulus 
similis est Apibus, 8. 
qui congerunt mel 
variis Floribus, 9. 

Alveare ^\x\xm, 10. 



Temperance. 



Temperaotift. 




Temperance, 1. 
prescribeth a mean 
to Meat and drink, s. 
and restraineth \\\f: desire, 
as with a Bridle, 3. 



Temperantia, i, 
prsescribit modum 
Cibo & Potui, 3. 
& coniinet cuptdinem, 
ceu Freno, 3. 



and so modenitetb all 


& sic moderator omnia 


things, lest any thing too 


ne quid 


much be done. 


nimis fiat. 


ReveUen 


Heluenes (ganeones) 


are made drunk, 4. 


inebriantur, 4. 


they stumble, 5. 


Htubant, 5. 


they spue, 6. 


ructant (vomunt), 6. 


and iame, 7. 


& rixantur, 7. 


From Drunkenness 


E Crapula 


proceedeth Lascivtousness ; 


oritur Lascivia ; 


from this a lewd Life 


ex hftc Vita libidinesa 


amongst Whorematters, 8. 


inter Fornicatores, 8. 


and Whores, 9. 


& Scorta, 9. 


in Inssing, 


osculando (basiando), 


toueking. 


palpando. 


embracing. 


amplexando. 


and dancing, 10. 


& tripudiando, 10. 




Fortitude, 1. ^ Fortitudo, \. 

is undaunted In adversity, f impavida est in adversis, 



(H'J 



and bold as a Zi'm, a. but 


& confident ut Leo, >. at 


nothaught7in Prosperity, 


noD tumida in Secundis, 


leaoiDg on her own Pi/Jar, 


innixa suo Colutnini, 3. 


3. Constancy, and be- 


Constantia; & 


ing the same in all things, 


eadem in omnibus, 


ready to undergo both m- 


parata ad ferendam utram- 


tates with an even mind. 


t\yi& /ortunam aequo animo. 


She receiveth the strokes 


Excipit ictus 


oi Afisforittne 


Infortumi 


with the Shield, 4. 


Clypeo, 4. 


Hi Sufferatut : and 


ToUrantia : 


keepeth off the Passions, 


& propcllit Affectus, 


the enemies of quietness 


hostes Euthymiae 


with the SwarJ, 5. 


gladio, s. 


of yalour. 


Virtittis. 




Patience, t. 
snduretb Calamities, 1. 



Patientia, i. 
tolcrat Calamitates, 1, 



CU3) 



and Wrongs^ 3. meekly 
like a Lamb^ 4. 
as the Fatherly chastise- 
nuntof Gody 5. 

In the meanwhile she 
leaneth upon the Anchor 
of Hope ^ 6. (as a Ship^ 7. 
tossed by waves in the Sea) 
she prayeth to Gody 8. 
weeping, 

and expecteth the Sun^ 10. 
after cloudy weather^ 9. 
sufifering evils, 
and hoping better things. 

On the contrary, 
the impatient person^ 1 1 . 
waileth, lamenteth, 
rageth against himself y 1 2. 
grumbleth like a Dogy 13. 
and yet doth no good ; 
at the last he despaireth, 
and becometh his own 
Murtherery 14. 

Being full of rage he de- 
sireth to revenge wrongs. 



& Injuriasy 3. humiliter 
ut AgnuSy 4. 

tanquam paternam fer- 
ulam £>eiy 5. 

Interim 
innititur Spei 
Anchor ay 6. (ut NaviSy 7. 
fluctuans mari) 
Deo supplicaty 8. 
illacrymando, 
& expectat Phxhumy 10. 
post Nubilay 9. 
ferens mala, 
sperans meliora. 

Contra, 
Impatiens^ 11. 
plorat, lamentatur, 
debacchatury 12. in seipsuMy 
obmurmurat ut Canisy 13. 
& tamen nil proficit ; 
tandem desperat, 
& fit 
Autochiry 14. 

Furibundus cupit 
vindicare injurias. 



Humanity. 




Men are made 
for one aaotber's good ; 
therefore let tbem be kind. 

Be thou sweet and lovely 
in thy Countenance, i. 
gentle and civil 
Id thy Behaviour ahA Man- 

aSable and true spoken 
with thy Mouth, 3, 
affectionate and candid 
in thy Heart, 4. 

So love, 
and so shalt thou be loved; 
and there will be 
a mutual Friendship, 5. 
as that of Turtle-doves, 6. 
hearty, gentle, and 
wishing well on both parts. 

Froward Men are 
hateful, teasty .'unpleasant. 



Homines fact! sunt 
ad mutua commoda ; 
ergd sint humani. 

Sis suavis & amabilis 
Vultu, I. 

comis & urbanus 
Gesfu ac Moribus, 2, ■ 

afiabilis & verax, 
Ore, 3. 

candens & candidus 
Corde, 4. 

Sir ama, 
sic amaberis ; 
& fiat 

mutua Amicitia, 5. 
ceu Turturum, 6. 

cors, mansueta, 
& benevola utrinque. 

Morosi homines, sunt 
odiosi, torvi, illepidl. 



and implacable, 

(rather Wolves and Lions, 

than Men) 

and such as fall out among 

themselves, hereupon 

they fight in a Duel, 9. 

Envy, 10. 
wishing ill to others, 
pineth away her self. 



contentiosi, iracundi, 7. 

crudeles, 8. 

ac implacabiles, 

(magis Lupi & Leones, 

qu&m homines) 

& inter se discordes, 

hinc 

confligunt Duelle, 9. 

Invidia, 10. 
mal^ capiendo aliis, 
conficit seipsam. 



Justice. 




yustiee, i. 
is painted, sitting 
on a square slone, 1. for she 
ought to be immoveable; 
with hood- winked eyes, 3. 
that she may not respect 
persons: 
stopping the left ear, 4, 



yustilia, I. 
pingitur, sedens 
in lapide quadrate, 1. nam 
decet esse immobilis; 
obvelatis ocuUs, 3. 
ad non respiciendum 
personas ; 
claudens aurem sinistram, 4. 



ri46>i 



to be reserved 

for the other party ; 

Holding in her right 
Hand a Sword^ 5. 
and a Bridle^ 6. 
to punish 
and restrain evil men ; 

Besides, 

a pair of Balances^ 7. 
in the right ScaUy 8. where- 
of Deserts y 

and in the left^ 9. 

Rewards being put, 

are made even one with 

another, and so good Men 

are incited to virtue, as it 

were with Spurs^ 10. 

In Bargains^ 11. 
let Men deal candidly, 
let them stand to their 
Covenants and Promises ; 
let that which is given one 
to keep^ 

and that which is lent, 
be restored : 

let no man ht pillaged^ 1 2. 
or hurty 13. 

let every one have his own: 
these are the precepts of 
Justice. 

Such things as these are 
forbidden in God's ^th. and 
7M. Cammandmenty and 
deservedly punish'd on the 
Gallows and the Wheels 1 4. 



reservandam 
alteri parti ; 

Tenens dextrft 
GladiuMy 5. 
& FrcenuMy 6. 
ad puniendum 
& coercendum males; 

Praeterea, 

Stater amy 7. 

cujus dextra Lanciy 8. 

MeritOy 

SinistrcSy 9. 

Prcemia imposita, 

sibi invicem exequantur, 

atque ita boni incitantur 

ad virtutem, 

ceu CalcaribuSy 10. 

In Contractibus, 11. 

candidd agatur : 

stetur 

Pactis & Promissis; 

DeposituMy 

& Mutuunty 

reddantur : 

nemo expiletury 12. 

aut ladatury 13. 

suum cuique tribuatur: 

haec sunt pnecepta 

Justitiae. 

Talio prohibentur, 
quinto & septimo Dei 
Prmcepto^ & 
merito puniuntur 
CrucewoRotd^ 14. 



Liberality. 




Liberality, i. 
keepeth a mean about 
Riches, which she honestly 
seeketh; that she may have 
somewhat to bestow on 
them that want, t. 

She cloatheth, %. 
fvmrishith, 4. 
and en-richeth, ;. 
these with a chearful eouii' 
Unatue, 6. 
and a winged hand, 7, 

She submitteth her 
■wtalth, 8. to her self, not 
ber self to it, as the covet' 
Mu man, 9. doth, who hath, 
chat he may have, aad is 
not the Owner, 
but the Keeper of hisgoods, 
and being unsatiabte, 
always urapetk together, 10. 
with his Nails. 



Liberalitas, 1. 

rvat modum circa 
Divitias, quas bonestd 
quEcrit ut habeat 
quod larglatur 
Egenis, 2. 

Hos vestit, 3, 
nutrit, 4. 
ditat, 5- 
Vultu hilari, 6. 

& Manu alatd, 7. 

Subjicit 
opes, 8. sibi, non 
se illis, ut Avarus, 9. 
qui habet, 
ut habeat, & 
non est Possessor 
sed Custos bononim suor- 
um, & tnsatiabitis, 
sem[»er eorradit, 10. 
Unguibus suis. 



Moreover he spareth 
and keepeth, 
Awarding up, 1 1 . 
that he may always have. 

But the Prodigal, 1 2. 
badly spendeth thiaii^s 
well gotten, 
and at the last wantetb. 



Sed & parcit 
& adservat, 
occludendo, il. 
ut semper habeat. 

At Prodigus, 1 2. 
mal6 disperdit 
bend parta, 
ac tandem eget. 



CXVIII. 
Society betwixt Man and Wife. 




Marriage 
was appointed by God 
in Paradise, for mutual 
}ulPi and the Propagation 
of mankind. 

A young man {asingU man) 
being to be married, 
should be furnished 
either with Wealth, 
or a Trade and Science, 



Societas Conjugalis. 



Matrimonium 
iostitutum est 4 Deo 
in Paradiso, ad mutuum 
adjutorium, %L propagationem- 
generis humani. 

Vir y-uvenis {C<xlebs) 
conjugium initurus, 
instructus sit 
aut Opibus, 
aut Arte & Scieniid, 



( »49>> 



ivhich may serve 
for getting a living ; 
that he may be able 
to maintain a Family. 

Then he chooseth himself 
ail/a/V/that IS Marriageable^ 
(or a Widow) 
whom he loveth ; never- 
theless a greater Regard 
is to be had of Virtue^ 
and Honestyy 
than of Beauty or Portion, 

Afterwards, he doth not 
betroth her to himself 
closely, but entreateth 
for her as a Woer^ 
first to the Father, \, 
and then the Mother^ 2. 
or the Guardians, 
or Kinsfolks^ by such 
as help to make the match^ 3. 

When she is espous'd to 
him,he becometh the Bride- 
groomy 4. and she the Bride^ 
5. and the Contract \s made, 
and an Instrument of Dow- 
ry^ 6. is written. 

At the last 
the Wedding is made, 
where they are joined to- 
gether by the Priest, 7. 
giving their Hands, 8. one 
to another, 
and Wedding-rings, 9. 
then they feast with the 
witnesses that are invited. 

After this they are called 
Husband 2inA Wife; 
when she is dead he be- 
cometh a Widower. 



quae sit 

de pane lucrando ; \ 
ut possit 

sustentare Familiam, 
Deinde elicit sibi 
Virginem Nubilem, 
(aut Viduam) 
quam adamat ; ubi 
tainen major ratio 
habenda Virtutis 
& HonestatiSy 
qu4m Forma aut £>otis. 

Posthaec, non clam des- 
pondet sibi eam, 
sed ambit, 
ut ProcuSy 
apud Patrem, i. 
& Matremy 2. 
vel apud Tutor es^ 
& Cognatos, per 
PronuboSj'^, 

E& sibi despons&, 
fit SponsuSy 4. 
& ipsa Sponsa, 5. 
fiuntque Sponsalia, 
& scribitur Instrumentum 
Dotale, 6. 

Tandem 
fiunt Nuptice 
ubi copulantur 
k Sac er dote, 7. 
datis Manibusy 8. ultrd ci- 
troque, 

& Annulis NupHalibus^ 9. 
turn epulantur cum 
invitatis testibus. 

Abhinc dicuntur 
Maritus & Uxor; 
h&c mortu& ille fit 
Viduus* 



( 'SO J 

CXIX. 

The Tree of Consanguiaity, 



^'%f er. 


^ 




i 


^^^H^l^^SI 


sbS 



Arbor Co nsanf!;uiiii talis. 
In Consanguinity ffominem, ; 



there touch a Man, 
in Lineal Ascent, 
the /a/Arr 

dflis Father-in-law), a. 
and the Mother 
(the Mother-in-law), 3. 
the Grandfather, 4, 
and the Grandmother, 5. 
the Great Grandfather, 6. 
and the Grw/ Grandmother, 
7. the ^«j/ ^f-M^ 
Grandfather, 8. 
the ^«fl/ ^«fl' 
Grandmother, 9. 
the great great Grand- 
father's Father, 10. 
the great great Grand- 
mothet's Mother, 1 1 . 



Consanguinitate attinguntr 
(■« Z/«a ascendenti. 
Pater 
{Vitrieus^X^. ' 

(Noverca)'^. 
Avus, 4, 
& ^»ia, 5. 
Proavus, 6. 
^Proavia, 7. 

Abavus, 8. 

& Abavia, 9. 

Atavus, 10. 

& Atavia, 1 1 



riso 



iht great great Grand- 
father's Grandfather^ 12. 
iht great great Grand- 
mother's Grandmother y 13. 

Those beyond these are 
called Ancestors^ 14. . . 14. 

In a Lineal descent^ 
the Son (the son-in-law) ^ 15. 
and the Daughter^ (the 
Daughter- in-law) y 16. 
the Nephew y 17. 
and the Neece^ 18. 
the Nephews Son, 19. and 
the Nephews Daughter y 20. 
the Nephews Nephew y 21. 
and the Neeces Neece, 22. 
the Nephews Nephews 
Sony 23. 

the Neeces Neeces 
Daughter y 24. 
the Nephews Nephews Ne- 
phewy 25. 

the Neeces Neeces Neecey 26. 
Those beyond these are 
called Posterity^ 27. . . 27. 

In a Collateral Line are 
the Uncle by the Fathers 
sidey 28. 

and the Aunt by the Fathers 
sidey 29. 

the Uncle by the Mothers 
sidey 30. 

and the Aunt by the Mo- 
thers side, 3 1 . 
the Brother^ 32. 
and the Sistery 33. 
the Brothers Sony 34. 
the Sisters Sony 35. 
and the Cousin by the Bro- 
ther and Sistery 36. 



TritavuSy 12. 

& Tritaviay 13. . 

Ulteriores dicuntur 
Majoresy 14. . . 14. 

In Linea descendentiy 
Filius (Privignus)y 15. 
& Filia (Privigna)y 16. 

NepoSy 17. 
& NeptiSy 18. 
PronepoSy 19. 
& ProneptiSy 26. 
AbnepoSy 21. 
& AbneptiSy 22. 

AtnepoSy 23. 
& Atneptisy 24. 

TrinepoSy 25. 
& TrineptiSy 26. 
Ulteriores dicuntur . 
Posteriy 27 .... 27. 

In Linea Collaterali 
sunt PatruuSy 28. 

& Amitay 29. 

AvunculuSy 30. 

& Materteray 31. 

Fratery 32. 
8l 5<7r^?r, 33. 
PatrueliSy 34. 
SobrinuSy 35. 

& AmitinuSy 36. 



cxx. 

The Society betwixl Pareots and Childreo. 




Societas Parental! 



Married Persons, 
(by the blessing of God) 
have Issue, 
and become Parents. 

The Father, i. begetteth 
and tbc Mother, 2. beareth 
Sons, 3, and Daughters, 4. 
(sometimes Twins). 

The Infant, 5. 
is wrapped in 
Swadiing-eioatkes, 6. 
is laid in a Cradle, 7. 
is suckled by the Mother 
with her Breasts, 8. 
and fed with Pap, 9. 

Afterwards it learn etb 
to go by a StaHding-stooi,\o. 



Conjuges, 
(ex benedictione Dei)su»- 
cipiunt Sobolem (Prolem) 
& fiunt Parentis. 

Pater, i.generat 
& Mater, 2. parit 
Filios, 3. & Filias, 4. 
(aliquando Gemeiios). 

Infans, 5. 
invotvitur 
Faseiis, 6, 

reponitur Id Cunas, 7. 
lactatur a matre 
Uberibus, 8. 
& nutritur Pappis, 9. 

Deinde discit 
incedere Seperasto, 10. 



(Hi) 



playcth with JPa/y/fT, ii. 
and beginnetb to speak. 

As it beginneth to grow 
older, it is accustomed to 
Piety, II. 
and Labour, 13. 
and is chastised, 14. 
if it be not dutiful. 

Children owe to Parents 
Reverence and Service. 

The Father maintainetb 
bis Children 
iy taking pains, 15. 



ludit Cr^ttfM^V, II. 
& incipit fari. 

Crescente aetate, 
adsuescit 
Pietati, It. 
& Zaiori, 13, 
& castigatur, 14. 
si non sit morigerus. 

Liberideheat Parentibus 
Cultum & Officluro. 

Pater sustentat 
Liberos, 
laboranJo, 15. 



CXXI. 
The Society betwixt Masters 




Societas herilis. 
The Master xHerus 

^he goodman of the House),\(Paler familias), i. 
I. bath Men-servants, z. Ihabet Famulos (Servos'), 2. 



the Mistress 

{the good vii/t of the House), 

3. Maidens, 4. 

They appoint these their 
Work, 6. 
2Dd divide 

them their tasks, 5. which 
are faithfullytobedoneby 
them without murmuring 
and loss: for which their 
Wages, and Meat&nd Drink 
is allowed them. 
A Servant was heretofore 
a Slave, 

OTer whom the Master had 
power of life and death. 

At this day the poorer 
sort serve in a free man- 
Qer,being; hired for Wages. 



Hera 

{Mater famiiias), 3. 

Aneillas, 4. 

Illi mandanC his 
Opera, 6. 
& distribuunt 
Laborum Pensa, 5, qua 
ab his fideliter sunt exse- 
quenda siue murmure 
&dispendio; pro quo 
Merces & Alimonia 
prsebentur ipsis. 

Servus olim erat Man- 
cipium, in quem Domino 
potestas fuit 
vitEC & necis 

Hodid pauperiores 
serviuDt libera, 
conduct! mercede. 



A City, 




Orbs. 



Of many Houses 
is made a Village, 1. 



Ex iiiuUis Domibus 
fit Pagus, I. 



riss; 



or a Town, or a Cify, 2. 

That and this are fenced 
and begirt with a IVa//, 3. 
a Trench, 4. 
Bulwarks, 5. 
and PallisadoeSy 6. 

Within the Walls is 
the void Place, 7. 
without, the Ditch, 8. 

In the Walls are 
Fortresses, 9. 
and Towers J 10. 
Watch' Towers, ix. arc 
upon the higher places. 

The entrance into a City 
is made out of the .Si/^»r^x, 
12. through Gates, 13. 
over the Bridge, 14. 

The Gate hath 
a Portcullis, 15. 
a DraW'bridge, \ 6. 
two-leaved Doors, 17. 
Z^r>^ and ^^//x, 
as also Barrs, 18. 

In the Suburbs are 
Gardens, 19. 

and Garden-houses, 20. and 
also Burying'places, 21. 



vel Oppidum, vel C/r^x, 2. 

Istud & haec muniuntur 
& cinguntur Mcsnibus 
(Muro), 3. Ffl/^, 4. 
AggeribuSy 5. 
& Ftf//w, 6. 

Intra muros est 
Pomcsrium, 7. 
extr4, Fossa, 8. 

In moenibus sunt 
Propugnacula, 9. 
& Turres, 10. 
Specula, II. ex- 
tant in editioribus locis. 

Ingressus in Urbem fit 
ex Suburbio^\2, 
per Portam, 13. 
super Pontem, 14. 

Porta habet 
Cataractas, 15. 
Pontem versatilem, 16. 
Valvas, 17. 

Claustra & Repagula, 
ut & Vectes, 18. 

In Suburbiis sunt 
Horti, 19. 
& Suburbana, 20. 
ut & Ccsmeteria, 21. 



CXXIIl. 
The inward parts of a City. 




Interiora Urbis. 



Within the City are 
Streets, I. 

paved with Stones; 
Market-placeSf i. 
(in some places with 
Galleries), 3. 
and narrotv Lanes, 4, 

The Publick Buildings 
are in the middle of the 
City, the Church, j. 
the School, 6. 
the Guild- ffall, ^. 
the Exchange, 8. 

About the Walls and the 
Gates are the Magazine, 9. 
the Granary, 10. 
Inns, Ale-houses, 
Cooks-shops, II, 



Intra urbem sunt 
Platea (Wicx), 1. 
stratze Lapidibus; 

(alicubi cuni 
Portidbus), 3. 
& Angiportus,^. 

Publica aedificia 
sunt ID medio Urbis, 
Templum, ;. 
Schola, 6. 
Curia, 7. 

Domus Mercaturm, 8. 
Circa M<£nia, & Portas 
Armamentarium, 9, 
Granarium, 10, 
Diversoria, Popina, 
& Caupona, 11. 



( iS7 ) 



the Play-house, is. 
aod the SfittU, 1 3. 

In the by-places 
are Houses 0/ Office, \t,. 
and the Prison, 15. 

In the chief Steeple 
is the Clock, 16. and the 
ffd/fAmanj Dwelling, 17, 

In the Streets are Wells, 
18. 

The River, 19. or Beck, 
runneth about the City, 
serveth to ^rash away the 
fitk. 

The Tower, to. 
standeth in the highest 
part of the City. 



Theatrum, la. 
Nosodochium, 13. 

In recessibus, 
Forica (Cloacae), 14. 
& Custedia (Career), 15. 

In turre primarii 
est Horologium, r6, 
& babitatio VigHum, 17. 

In Plateis sunt Putei, 
18. 

Fluvius, 19, vel Rivus, 
interfluens Urbem, 
inservit eluendis 
sordibus. 

ex tat in sum mo 
Urbis. 



Judgment. 




The best Law, is | Optimum Jus, est 

a quiet agreement, I placida conventio, 

made either bytbemselves, I facta vel ab ipsis. 



(iS^J 



betwixt whom the sute is, 
or by an Umpire. 

If this do not proceed, 
they come into Courts i. 
(heretofore they judg'd 
in the Market-place ; at 
this day in the Moot-hall) 
in which the yudge^ 2. 
sitteth with his Assessor s^y 
the Clerky 4. taketh 
their Votes in writing. 

The Plaintiff, 5. 
accuseth the Defendant, 6. 
and produceth Witnessesyi. 
against him. 

The Defendant excuseth 
himself by a Counsellor, 8. 
whom the Plaintiffs Coun- 
sellor, 9. contradicts. 

Then the yudge 
pronounceth Sentence, 
acquitting the innocent, 
and condemning 
him that \s guilty, 
to a Punishment, 
or a Fine, 
or Torment, 



inter quos lis est 
vel ab Arbitro. 

Haec si non procedit, 
venitur in Forum, 1. 
(olim judicabant 
in Foro, 

hodid in Prcetorio) 
cui yudex (Praetor), 2. 
praesidet cum Assessoribus^ 
3. Dicographus, 4. excipit 
Vota calamo. 

Actor, 5. 
accusat Reum, 6. 
& producit Testes, 7. 
contra ilium. 

Reus excusat 
se per Advocatum, 8. 
cui Actoris Procurator, 9. 
contradicit. 

Turn yudex 
Sententiam pronunciat, 
absolvens insontem, 
& damnans 
sontem 
ad Pcsnam, 
vel Mulctam, 
vel ad Supplicium, 



(iS9) 

cxxv. 

The Tormenting of Malefactors. 




Supplicia Malefactorum. 



Maie/aciors, 
. are brought 
from the Prison, 3. 
(where they are wont to be 
tortured) by Serjeants, 3, 
or dragg'd with a fforse, 15. 
to place of Execution. 

Thieves, 4. 
are banged by the Hang- 
man, 6. on a Gaiiows, 5. 

Whoremasters 
are beheaded, 7. 

Murthertrs 
and Robbers are 
either laid upon a Wheel, 8. 
having their Legs broken^ 
or fastened upon a Stake, 9. 

WiUhes 



Malefici, 1 
producuntur, 
h Carctre, 3. 
<ubi torqueri soleot) 
per Zictores, a. 
vel £gua raptantur, 15. 
ad locum SuppHcii, 

Fures, 4. 
suspenduatura Carnifice,6. 
in Patibvlo, 5. 

decoliantur, 7. 

Homieida (Sicarii) 
ac Latrimes (Piratic) 
Tcl imponuntur ^0te 
crucifragio plexi, 8. 
Tcl Palo lofiguDtur, 9. 

Strigts (Lamiae) 



ri6o; 



are burnt in z, great 
FirCy lo. 

Some before they are 
executed have their Ton- 
gues cut out y II. 
or have their Hand^ \ z. 
cut off upon a Blockyi^. or 
are burnt with PincerSy 14. 

They that have their 
Life given them, 
arc set on the Pillory y 16. 
or strapado*dy 1 7. are 
set upon a wooden Horse y 18. 
have their Ears cut offy 19. 
are whipped with RodSy 20. 
are branded, 
are banished, 
are condemned 
to the Galliesy or to 
perpetual Imprisonment. 

Traytors are pull'd in 
pieces with four Horses, 



cremantur super 
RoguMy 10. 

Quidam antequam 
supplicio 

zShQxzxiXMX elinguarUury 11. 
aut plectuntur ManUy 12. 
super Cippufhy 13. 
aut ForcipibuSy 14. uruntur 

Vitd donati, 

constringuntur NutnelliSy 
16. luxantur, 17. 
imponuntur EquuleOy 18. 
truncantur AuribuSy 19. 
cceduntur VirgiSy 20. 
Stigmate notantur, 
relegantur^ 
damnantur 
ad Triremes^ vel ad 
Carcerem perpetuum. 

Perduelles disqerpuntur 
Quadrigis, 




brought from other places 

are either exchanged 

in an Exchange, i. 

or exposed to sale 

in Warehouses, 2. 

and they are sold 

for Money, 3. 

being either measured 

with an Bin, 4. 

or weighed 

\n it pair of Balances, j. 

Shop-keepers, 6. 
Fedlars, 7. 
and Brokers, S. 
would also be called 
Merchants, 9, 

The Seller 
braggeth of a thing 
that is to be sold, 



Merces, 
aliunde allatae, aliunde 
vel commutantur 
in Domo Commerciorum, 1, 
vel expoDuntur venum 
ID Tabernis MercimonioruM, 
3. & venduntur 
pro Pecunid {moneti), 3. 
vel mensuratae 
Ulnd, +, 
vel ponderatae 
Liird, $. 

Tabernarii. 6. 
Circumforanti, 7. 
& ScTularii, 8. 
etiam volunt dici 
Mercatores, 9. 

Venditor 
ostentat rem 
promercalem, 



and setteth the rate of it, 
and how much 
it may be sold for. 

The Suyer, lo. cheapneth 
and offeretb the price. 

If any one 
bid against him, 1 1 , the 
thing is delivered to him 
that promiscth the most. 



& indicat pretium, 

quanti 

liceat. 

Emptor, lo. licetur, 
& pretium offert. 

i quis 
contralicetur, ti. 
ei res addicitur 
qui pollicetur plurimui 



CXXVII. 
Measures and Weights. Mensurse & Pondera, 




We measure things that 
hangtogetberwitban£/n, 
I. liquid things 
with a Galleit, a. 
and dry things 
by a ttiMhImthtl Measure, 3. 

We try the heaviness of 
things by Weights, 4. 
and Balances, 5. 

In this is first 



Ree continuas metimur 
Ulnd, I. 
liquidas 
Congio, a. 
aridas 
Medimno, 3. 

Gravitatem rerum ex- 
perimur Fondtribut, 4. 
& Ubr& (bilance). 5. 

In hAc primd est 



the Beam, 6. 

in the midst whereof is a 
little Axle-tree, 7. above 
the ehe^ and ihckoie, 8. 
in which the Needle, 9. 
moreth it self to and fro : 
on both sides 
are the Scales, 10. 
hanging by little Cords, 11. 
TYm Brasiers balatue, 12. 
weigheth things by hang- 
ing them on a Hook, 13. 
and the Weight, 14. 
opposite to them which 
in (a) weigheth just as 
much as the thiog, 
in ^b) twice so much 
in (c) thrice so much, Sec. 



yugum (Scapus), 6. 
in cujus medio 
Axieulus, 7. superids 
trutina & agina, 8, 
in quA Bxamen, 9. 
sese agitat : 
utrinque 
sunt Zances, 10. 
pendentes Funiculis, 11, 

Statera, 12. 
ponderat res,suspendeado 
illas Uruo, 13. 
& Pondus, 14. 
ex opposito, quod 
in (a) aequiponderat 
rei, 

in (b) bis tantum, 
in (c) ter, &c. 



PhysiclE. 



Ars Medica. 




The Patient, \. I Cretans, i. 

sendeth for a Physician, 2. \ accersit Medicum, 1. 



r 164; 



who feeleth his Pulse^ 3, 
and looketh upon his Wa- 
tery 4. and then prescribeth 
a Receipt in a Billy 5. 

That is made ready 
by an Apothecary^ 6. 
in a Apothecaries Shop^ 7. 
where Drugs 
are kept in Drawers^ 8. 
BoxeSy 9. 
and Gally-potSy 10. 

And it is 
either a Potiauy 1 1, 
or Powder y 1 2. 
or /*i7/y, 13. • 

or Trochisksy 14. 
or an Electuary y 15. 

2>/V/ and Prayer y 16. 
is the best Physick. 

The Chtrurgeofiy 18. 
cureth Woundsy 17. 
and UlcerSy 
with PlasterSy 19. 



qui tangit ipsius Arteriam^ 
3. & inspicit Urinaniy 4. 
turn praescribit ^(f^/- 
icamentum in Schedulay 5. 

Istud paratur 
4 PhartnacopceOy 6. 
in PharmacopoliOy 7. 
ubi Pharmaca 
adservantur in CapsuliSy 8. 
PyxidibuSy 9. 
& Lagenisy 1 o. 

Estque 
vel /*^/rV?, II. 
vel PulviSy 12. 
vel PillulcKy 1 3. 
vel Pastilliy 14. 
vel Electuariuffiy 15. 

Dioeta & OratiOy 16. 
est optima Medicina. 

ChirurguSy 18. 
curat Vulneray 17. 
& Ulceray 
Spleniis (emplastris), 19. 



Sepultura. 




Dead Folks 
heretofore were buraed, 
and their Ashes 
put into an Urn, i. 

We enclose 
our dead Folks 
in a Ce0in, i. 
lay them upon a Bier, 3. 
and see they be carried out 
in a Funeral Pomp 
towards the Church-yard,^. 
where they are laid 
In a Grave, 6. 
by riit Searers, 5. 
and are interred; 
this is covered with 
a Grave-stone, 7. 
and is adorned 
with Tombs, 8. 
and Mpitaphs, 9. 



DefuncH 
oltm cremabantur, 
& Cineres 
recondcbantur In Urna, 1 

No5 includimus 
nostros Demortuos 
Loculo, (Capulo), 1. 
imponimus Fereiro, 3. 
& curamus efferri 
Pompd Funebri 
versus CasmeteriuHi, 4. 
ubi inferuntur, 
Sepulckro, 6. 
a Vespilhnibus, j. 
& humantur-, 
hoc tegltur 
Cippo, 7. 
& ornatur 
MonumenHs, 8. 
ac Epitaphiis, 9. 



( i66J 
As the Corps go along I Funere prodeuntc, 
Fsaims are sung, L^O""*"' cantantur, 

and ihc Bells are rung, lo. I& Campana, lo. pulsantur. 



A Stage-play. 



cxxx. 



Ludus Sceoicus. 






In a Play-house, i. 
(which is trimmed 
with Hangings i 2. and 
covered with Curtains, 3.) 
Comedies AnA. Tragedies are 
acted, 

wherein memorable things 
are represented ; 
as here, the History 
of the Prodigal Son, 4. 
and his Father, 5. 
by whom he is entertain'd, 
being return'd home. 

The Players act 
being in disguise; 
the Fool, 6. maketb Jests. 



In Theatrg, 1. 
(quod vestitur 
Tapetibus, %. & 
tegitur Sipariis, 3,} 
Comedice vel Tragatdice 
aguntur, 

quibus reprsesentaatur res 
memorabiles 
ut hie, Historia 
de Filio Prodigo, 4, 
& Patre, $. ipsius, 
k quo recipitur, 
domum redux. 

Adores {Histrtanes) agunt 
personati ; 
Morio, 6. dat Jocos. 



The chief of the Specta- 
tors sit \a the Gallery, 7. 
the common sort stand 
oa the Ground, 8. 
and clap the hands, 
if anything please them. 



Spectatorum primarii, 
sedent in Orchestra, 7. 
plebs Stat 
in Cavea, 8. 
& plaudit, 
si quid arridet. 



Sleights. 



CXXXI. 



Prjestigize. 



■^Hwr"^'s" 










U2!_ 



The Tumbler, 1. 
roaketh several Shows 
hj the nimbleuess of his 
body, walking to and fro 
on bis hands, 
leaping 
through a II(x>p, 2. &c. 

Sometimes also 
be daneeth, 4. 
having on a Vizzard. 

The yugUr, 3. 
sbeweth sleights, 
out of a Purse. 



Prastigiator, i. 
facit varia Spectacula, 
volubilitate 
corporis, deambulando 

salieado 

per Circulum, t. &c. 

Interdum etiam 
tripudiat, 4, 
Larvatus. 

Agyrta, 3. 
facit prastigias 
i Marsupio. 



The Rope-daiuer, ;, 
goeth and danceth 
upon a Ropt, 
boldeth a Poise, 6. 
in bis hand ; 
orhangeth himself 
byjthe hand ox foot, 7. &c. 



Fwnambulus, 5. 
graditur & saltat 
super Fumm, 
teoens Halttrem, 6. 
manu; 

aut suspeadit se 
manu vel pede, 7. &C. 



Fencing- School. CXXXII. PaU 




■■i>cu|H 


^^^ 


IT^^M 


m 


^^^3fi 


^^ -aJJ 



Ftmers 
meet in a Duet 
in a Fencing-place, 
fighting with Swords, i. 
or Pikes, 3. 
and Halberds, 3. 
or Short-swords, 4. 
or Rapiers, 5. 
having balls at the point 
(lest they wound one 
another mortally) 
or with two edged-Swords 
uxA a Dagger, 6. together. 



Pugiles 
coDgrediuntur Duello 
ID Palestra, 

decertantes vel Gladiis, i. 
vel Hastilibus, t. 
& Bipennibus, 3. 
vel Semispathis, 4. 
vel Ensibus, j. 
mucronem obligatis, 
(ne Isedet 
lethaliter) 
vel Frameis 
& Pugione, 6. simul. 



Wrestlers, 7. 
(among the Romans 
in time [)ast were najked 
and anointed with Oyl) 
take hold of one another 
and strive whether 
can throw the other, 
especially by trippit^ up his 
keels, 8. 

Hood-winked Fencers, 9. 
fought with their fists in 
a ridiculous strife, to wit, 
witii their Eyes coverered. 



Luctatores, 7. 
(apud Romanos 
olim nudi 
& inuncti Oleo) 
prehendunt se invicem 
& annitunlur uter 
alterum prosternere pos- 
sit, preeprimis 
supptantando, 8. 

Andabatte, 9. 
pugnabant pugnis 
ridiculo certamine, 
nimirum Oculisobvelatis. 



Tennis-play. 



Ludus Pilae. 




In a Tennis Court, i . 
ihey play with a Ball, : 
which one ihroweth, 
and another taketh, 
and sendeth it back 
with a Racket, ;. 



In Spharisterio, i 
ludttur^fVtf, 2. 
quam alter mittit, 
alter excipit, 
& remittit 
Reliculo, ]. 



and that is the Sport 

of Noble Men 

to stir their Body. 

A iViti<i-6aU,i,. 
being filled with Air, 
by meaas of a Ventil, 
is tossed to acd fro 
with the Fist, 5. 
in the open Air. 



idque est Lusus 
Nubilium ad 
commotionem Corporis. 
FoUis (pila magna), 4. 
distenta Acre 
ope Epistomii, 
reverberberatur 
Pugno, 5. 
sub Dio. 



Dice-plar 



Ludus Ale: 




We play with Dice, i. 
either they that throw the 
most take up all ; 
or we throw them 
through a Casting-box, 2. 
upon a Board, 3. 
marked with figures, 
9iaAt\\\S\S -Dice-players game 
at easting Lots. 

Men play by Luck and 
Skill ax Tables. 
in A fair of Tables, 4. 



Tesseris {talis), 1, ludi- 
mus vel Flistobolindam ; 

vel immittimus illas 

per Frittillum, a. 

in Tabellam, 3. 

notatam numeris, 

idque est Ludas SortilegU 

Alealorum, 

Sorte & Arte luditur 
Calculis 
in Alveo aleatorio, 4. 



and at Cards, 5. 

We play at Chesse 
00 a Chesse-board, 6. where 
only art beareth the sway. 

The most ingenious 
Game is the Game of 
Chesse, 7, wherein as it 
were two Armies 
fight together in Battel. 



& Chartis lusoriis, j. 

Ludimus Abaeulis 
in Abaco, 6. ubi 
sola ars regnat. 

Ingeniosissimus Ludus 
est Ludus LalruMulorum, 
7. quo velutt 
duo Exercitus 
confligunt Prasllo. 



Races. 



CXXXV. Cursus Cenamina. 




Boys exercise themselves 
by running, either upon 
XheJee, i. \a Serick- shoes, 
where they are carried also 
upon Sleds, 3. or in the open 
Field, making a Line, 4. 
which he that desireth to 
win, ought to touch, but 
not to run beyond it. 

Heretofore Runners, 5. 
mn betwixt Rails, 6. 



Pueri exercent se 
cursu, sive super 
Gladem, 1. Diabatris, 2. 
ubi eiiam vehuntur 
Trahis, 3. sive in Campo, 
designanles Lineam, 4. 
quam qui vincere cupit 
debet attingere, at 
non ultr& procurrere. 

Olim decurrebant Cur- 
sores, 5, inter Cantellos, 6. 



(IJ.I 



to the Goal, 7. and 
he that toucheth it first 
receivetb the /*«'«, 8. from 
Aim ihat gave the prixe, 9. 

At this day Tilting 
{or the quintain) is used, 
(where a Hot^, u. 
is struck at with 
a TruneheoH, 10.) in- 
stead ot Norse-races, which 
are grown out of use. 



ad Metam, 7. & 
qui primum contiugebat 
earn, acctpiebat Braieum, 
{framium),S.i £rabeuta,q. 

Hodie Hastiludia 
habentur, 
(ubi Circulus, 1 1. 
petitur 
Lamea, 10.) 
loco Eguiriorum, quae 
abierunt indesuetudineni. 



Boys Sport. 



Ludi Pueriles. 




Btys use to play 
either with Bowling-stones 
I. or throwing a Bowl, x. 
at Nine.pins, 3. 
or striking a Ball, 
through a Ring, j. 
with t Bandy, 4, 
or scourging a Top, 6. 
with a Whip, 7. 



Pueri Solent ludere 
vel GloMs jtctilibus, i. 
vel jactaotes Globum, 1. 
ad Conas, 3. 

vel mittentes Spharulam 
per Annulutn, 5. 
Clava, 4. 

versantes Tttrbinem, 6. 
Flagelh, 7. 



urshootiDgwitha Trunkfi. 
and a Bow, 9. or goin^ 
upon Stilts, to. or tossing 
and swinging themselves 
upon a Merry-totter, 11. 



vcl jaculantes Sclopo, 8. 
& Arcu, 9. vel incidentes 
GrallU, 10. vel super 
Petaurum, 11. SC 
agttantes & oscillaotes. 



CXXXVII. 

The Kingdom and the Region. 




Regnum 
Haajr Cities and Villages 

make a Region 

and a Kingdom, 
The King or Prime re- 

sideth in the chief City, 1. 

the Noblemen, Lords, 

and £[ir/; dwell 

in the Castles, 2. 

that lie about it ; 

the Country People 

dwell in Villages, 3. 



& Regio. 

MultEC Urbes & Pagi 
faciunt Regionem 
& Regnum, 

Rex aut Princeps 
sedet in Metropoli. 1. 
Nobiles, Barones, 
& Comites habitant ' 

Arcibus, 2. 
circumjacentibus ; 

in Pagis, 3. 



He hath his toll-places 
upon navigable Rivers, 4, 
and high- Roads, ;. 
where /"or/ai-f and Tollage 
is exacted of them 
that sail 
or travel. 



Habet tehnia sua 
yni\3. Flumina navigabilia, 
+. & Vias regias, ;. 
ubi Portorum & Vectigal 
exi^itur 
a navigantibiis 
& iter facientibus. 



Regal Majesty. 



Regia Majestu 




The King, 1. 
sitteth on his Throne, 2. 
in Kingly Slate, 
with a stately Habit. 3. 
crowned with z. Diadem, a,. 
holding a Scepter, 5. 
in his Hand, 
being attended with 
a Company of Courtiers, 

The chief among these, 
are the Chancellor, 6. 
with the Counsellors 



Rex, I. 
sedet in suo Solio, i. 
in regio splendore, 
magnifico Habitu, 3. 
redimitus Diademate, 4 
tenens Sceptrum, 5. 
manu, 
stipatus 
frequently Aulieorum, 

Inter hos primarii su 
Cancellarius, 6. 
cum Cffnsiliariis 



ri7s; 



and Secretaries^ 

the Lord'tnarshally 7. 

the Comptroller^ 8. 

the CuP'bearer^ 9. 

the Taster^ 10. 

the Treasurer^ 11. 

the ^/^^ Chamberlain^ 1 2. 

and the Master of the 

Horse ^ 13. 

There are subordinate 
to these 

the Noble Courtier s^ 14. 
the Noble PageSy 15. 
with the Chamberlains^ 
and LacquieSy 16. 
the Guard J 17. 
with their Attendance, 

He solemnly giveth Au- 
dience to the Ambassadors 
of Foreign Princes, 18. 

He sendeth 
his Vice-gerents^ 
Deputies^ 

Governors^ Treasurers^ 
and Ambassadors 
to other places, 
to whom he sendeth 
new Commissions ever 
and anon by the Posts^ 19. 

The Fool^ 20. 
maketh Laughter 
by bis toysom Actions. 



& Secretariis^ 
Prcefectus Prcetorii^ 7. 
Aulce Magister^ 8. 
Pocillator (pincerna), 9. 
Dapifer^ 10. 
Thesaurarius^ 11. 
Archi'Cubicularius^ 12. 
& Stabuli M agister y 13. 

Subordinantur 
his 

Nobiles Aulici^ 1 4. 
Nobile Famulitium^ 15. 
cum Cubiculariis^ 
& Cursoribus^ 16. 
Stipatores^ 17. 
cum Satellitio. 

Solemniter recipit 
Legatos 
exterorum, 18. 

Ablegat 
Vicarios suos, 
Administratores^ 
Prcefectos^ QucestoreSy 
& Legatos^ 
aliorsum, 
quibus mittit 
Mandata nova 
subinde per Veredarios^ 19. 

MoriOy 20. 
movet Risum 
ludicris Actionibus. 




If we be to make War 
Soldiers are lifted, i. 

T\ie\T Arms are 
a Head-pUce, a, 
(which is adorned with a 
Crest) and the Armour, 
whose parts are a Collar,-^, 
a Breast-plate, 4. 
Arm-pieces, 5. 
Leg-pieces, 6. 
Greaves, 7. 

with a Coat of Mail, 8. 
and a Buckler, 9, these 
are the defensive Arms. 

The offensive are 
a Sword, 10. 
a two-edged Sword, 1 1 . 
a Falchion, la. 
which are put up into 
a Scabbard, 1 3. 
and are girded with a Gir- 
dle, 14. or Belt, IS- 



Si bellandunn est 
scribuntur Milites. i. 

Horum Arma sunt, 
6^11/iro (Cassis, a.) 
(qux ornatur 
Cristd) & Armatura, 
cujus partes Torquis fer- 
reus, J. Thorax, 4. 
Brachialia, 5. 
Ocreaferrea, 6. 
Manicce, 7. 
cum Lorica, 8. 
& -Scu/o (Clypeo), 9. 
heec sunt Arma defensiva. 

Offensiva sunt 
Gladius, 10, 
Framea, 11. 
& Acinaces, la. 
qui reconduDtur 
Vagind, 13. 
accinguntur Cingu- 
le, 14. vel Baltheo, 15. 



(m) 



(a Sear/, i6. 
servetb for oraameDt) 
% two handed- Sword, 17. 
za^ a. Dagger, 18. 

In these is tbe Haft, 19. 
with the Pummel, 10. 
and the Blade, 31. 
having a Point, 11. 
in the middle are the 
Back, 13. and the Bdge, 24. 

The other Weapons are 
a Piie, aj. a Halbert, 16. 
(in which is the Haft, 17. 
and the Head, 38.] a 
Clui,t^. and a iVhirlebat,^o. 

They fight at a distance 
with ATuj'ii^/j', 31. 
and Pistols, 3a. which 
are charged with Bullets, 
35. out of a Bullet-bag, 34. 
and with Gun-powder 
out of a Bandolier, 35. 



{Fascia militaris, 16. 
inservit ornatui) 
Romphaa, 17, 
& i'(«-w, 18. 

In his est Afanutrium,i^. 
cum Porno, 20. 
& Verulum, 11. 
Cuspidatum, 22. 
in medio 
Dorsum, 23. & y4a«, 24. 

Reliqua arma sunt 
Hasta, 25. Bipennis, 36. 
(in quibus Hastile, 37. 
& ^wfrf, 28.) 
Clava, 29. & Castus, 30. 

Puf^natur eminis 
Bombardis (Sclopetis), 31, 
& Sclopis, 33. quiB 
onerantur Globis, 33. 
6 T/f^Cd bembardica, 34. 
& Pulvere nitrato 
A Pyxide pulveraria, 35, 



Tbe Camps. 



Castn. 




Wheat Design is under- 


Expe^HoM sus- 


taken the Camfi, \. is 


CeptA, Castra, 1, 


pitched aad the Tents of 


locantur & Tentoria lAn- 


Canvas, i. or Straw, 3. 


teis, ^. vel Stramentis, 3. 


are fastoed with Staies ; 


^gantur Paxillis ; 


and they entrench them 


eaque circumdant, 


about for security's sake, 


securitatis grati& 


with Bulwarks, 4. 


Aggeriius, 4. 


and Ditches, 5. 


& Fossis, 5. Excubia, 


Sentinels, 6. are also set ; 


6. constituuntur; &£x- 


and Seouts, 7. are sent out. 


ploratores, 7. emittuntur. 


Salfyings out, 8. 


Excursiones, 8. 


are made for Forage 


fiunt Pabulationis 


aad Plunder-sake, where 


& FraEdze causft, ubi 


they often cope with the 


ssepius confligitur cum 


Enemy, 9. in skirmishing. 


Hostibus, 9. velitando. 


The Pavilion of the 


Tentorium 


Lord General is in the 


summi Imperatoris est in 


midst of the Camp, 10. 


medio Castrorum, 10. 



The Army and the Fight. CXLI. Acies & Proclium. 




When the Battel 



I Quando Pugna 



( ^79 J 



is to be fought the 
Army is set in order, and 
divided into the Fronts i. 
the Rere^ 2. 
and the Wings ^ 3. 

The Footy 4. 
are intermixed 
with the Horse^ 5. 

That is divided 
into Companies y 
this into Troops. 

These carry Banners^ 6. 
those Flags y 7. 
in the midst of them. 

Their Officers are, 
Corporals^ Ensigns ^ 
Lieutenants^ Captains^ g. 
Commanders of the Horse^ 9. 
Lieutenant Colonels^ 
Colonels^ 

and he that is the chief of 
all, the General. 

The Drummer Sy 1 o. 
and the Drumslades^ ii. 
as also the Trumpeters^ 12. 
call to Arms, 
and inflame the Soldier. 

At the first Onset 
the MusketSy 13. and 
Ordnance^ 14. are shot off. 

Afterwards they fight, 
15. hand to hand 
with Pikes and Swords. 

They that are overcome 
B,re slain. 16. 
or taken prisoners, 
or run away, 17. 

They that are for the Re- 
serve , 18. 
come upon them 



committenda est, 
Acies instruitur, & 
dividitur in Froniem^ 1. 
Tergumy 2. 
& Alas (Cornua)^ 3. 

PeditatuSy 4. 
intermiscetur 
Equitatuiy 5. 

Ille distmguitur 
in CenturiaSy 
hie in Turmas. 

Illae in medio ferunt 
Vexillay 6. 
hae Labara^ 7. 

Eorum Praefecti sunt, 
DecurioneSy Signiferiy 
Vicariiy CenturioneSy 8. 
M agist ri Equitumy 9. 
Tribuniy 
Chiliarcha^ 
& summus omnium 
Imperator, 

TympanistcBy 10. 
& Tympanotribcey 11, 
ut & TubicineSy 1 2. 
vocant ad Arma 
& inflammant Militem. 

Primo Conflictu, 
Bombard(Zy 13. & 
Tormentayi^. exploduntur. 

Postea pugnatur, 15. 
cominus 
Hastis & Gladiis, 

Victi 
trucidantury i6. 
vel capiuntur, 
vel aufugiunty 17. 

Succenturiati^ i8. 
superveniunt 



out of their p/a^es where 
tk^ lay in wait. 

The Carriages, 19. 
are plundered. 



The Sea-Pight. 



r 180 > 

ex insidiis. 



Impedimenta, 19. 
spoliantur. 



Pugna N avails. 




A Sea-fight 
is terrible, 
when huge Ships, 
like Castles, 
run one upon another 
with their Beaks, \. 
or shatter one another 
with their Ordnance, 3. 
and so being bored thorow 
they drink in 
their own Destruction, 
and are suni, 3. 

Or when they are set on 
Are and either by the firing 
of Gun-powder, 4. 



J\rava/e preelium 
terribile est, 
quum in^cntts Naves, 
veluti Arces, 
COncurruDt 
Rostris, I. 

aut se invicem quassant 
Tor mentis, 2. 
atque ita perforatie, 
imbibunt 
pernicient suam 
& sudmerguntur, 3. 

Aut quum Igne corripi- 
untur, tt vel ex incendio 
piUveris tormentarii, 4. 



f'lSi ; 



men are blown up into the 
air, or are burnt In the 
midst of the waters, 
or else leaping into the 
Sea are drowned. 

A Ship that fiieth away, 
5. is overtaken 
bj those X\iaH.pursut her, 6. 
and is taken. 



homines ejiciuntur in 
serem, vel exuruntur in 
mediis aquis, 
vel etiam desilientes in 
mare, sufibcantur. 

Navis fugitiva, 5. 
intercipitur 
ab insequentibut, 6. 
& capitur. 



CXLIII. 
The Besieging of a City. 



Obsidium Urbi*. 




M.City that 
is like to endure a Siege, 
is first summoned 
by a Trumpeter, 1 . 
and persuaded to yield. 
JWhich if it refuseth to do, 
it is assaulted by the Be- 
si^ers, and taken by 
storm. 

Either by climbing over 
the walls with Scaiing'lad' 
ders, 3. 



, Urbs 

pas sura Obsidionem, 
primum provocatur 
per Tubidnem, 1. 
& iaviiatur ad Depitionem, 
Quod si abnuat facere, 
oppugnatur ab Obsidenti- 
bus & occupatur, 

Vel muros per Sea/as, 1. 
transcendendo. 



(lB2) 



or breaking them down 
with Battering^nginSy 3. 
or demolishing them 
with great Guns, 4. 
or breaking through the 
Gates with a Petarr, 5. 
or casting Granadoes, 6. 
out of Mortar 'pieces, 7. 
into the City, 
by Engineers, 8, 
(who lye behind 
Leagure- baskets, 9.) 
or overthrowing it with 
Mines by Pioneers, 10. 

They that are besieged 
defend themselves 
from the Walls, 11. 
with fire and stones, &c., 
or break out by force, 1 2. 

KCity 
that is taken by Storm 
is plundered, 
destroyed, 

and sometimes laid even 
with the ground. 



aut diruendo 
Arietibus, 3. 
aut demoliendo 
Tormentis, 4. 
vel dirumpendo 
portas JExostra, $, vel 
ejaculando Globos Tormen* 
tarios, 6. e Mortariis {balis^ 
tis), 7. in Urbem 
per Balistarios, 8. 
(qui latitant post 
Gerras, 9.) 
vel subvertendo 
Cuniculis per Fossores^ 10. 

Obsessi 
defendunt se 
de Muris, 1 1. 
ignibus, lapidibus, &c. 
aut erufhpunt, 1 2. 

Urbs 
vi expugnata^ 
diriditur, 
exciditur, 
interdum equatur 
solo. 



Religion. 




Godliiiess, \. 
the QueeD of Vcrtues, 
worshippeih God, 4. devout- 
ly, the Knowledge of God 
being drawn either from 
th.e Book 0/ Nature, 2. 
(for the work commeadeth 
the Work-master) 
or from the 
JBoffk of Scripture, 3. 
she meditateth upon his 
Commandmentscontaiaed 
in the Decalogue, j. and 
treading Reason under 
foot) that Sarking Dog, 6. 
she giveth Faith, 7. 
and assent 
to the Word of God, 
and calletk upon him, 8. 
as « Helper in adversity. 

Divine Services 



Pittas, I. 
Retina Virtutum 
colit Deum, ^. humiliter, 
Notitii Dei, 
haustd vel ex 
' Libra Natura, 2. 
(nam opus commendat 
Artificem) 
vel ex 

Libra Scriptura, 3. 
recolit 

Maudata ejuscompre- 
hensa in Decaiogo, 5. 
& conculcans Rationcm, 
oblatrantem Canem, 6. 
prsbet Fidem, 7. 
& asseosum 
Verbo Dei, 
eumque invccat, 8. ut 
Opitulatorem in adversla. 

Oficia Divina 



ri8+> 



are done in the Church, 9. 
in which are the Quire, 10. 
with the Altar, 11. 
the Vestry, la. 
Xht Pulpit, 13. 
SeaU, 14. 
GaiUries, 15. 
uid a ^fft/, t6. 

All menperceive that 
there is a God, 
but all men do not 
rightly know God. 
Hence are divers Iteligians 
whereof IV. are reckoned 
yet as the chief. 



fiunt in Templo, 9. 
in quo est Penttrale (Ady- 
tum, 10.) cum Altari, 11. 
Sacrarium, la. 
Suggtitus, I J. 
SubieUia, 14. 
Ambones, 15. 
& Baptisttrium, 16. 

Omnes homines seat!- 
tint esse Deum, 
sed non omnes 
rectd nArunt Deum. 

Hinc diversae Seligionet 
quarum IV. numerantur 
adhuc primarise. 



Gentilism, 




The Gentilts feigned 
to themselves near upon 
XIIM. DeiHti. 

The chief of them were 
yupiter, I. Preddtnt, and 
petty-God of Heaven); 



Gentiles finxerunt 
sibi prope 
XIIM. Numina. 

Eorum pnecipua erant 
fupiter, I. Prases & 
Deaster eceli ; 



(i^S) 



Neptune^ 2. of the Sea; 
Pluto, 3. of Hell ; 
Mars, 4. of War ; 
Apolloy 5. of Arts ; 
Mercury, 6. of Thieves, 
Merchants, 
and Eloquence; 
Vulcan, (Mulciber) 
of Fire and Smiths ; 
jEoIus^ of Winds : 
and the most obscene of 
all the rest, Priapus. 

They had also 
Womanly Deities : 
such as were Venus, 7. 
the Goddess of Loves, 
and Pleasures, with 
her little son Cupid, 8. 
Minerva (Pallas)^ with 
the nine Muses of Arts ; 
yuno, of Riches and Wed- 
dings; Vesta, of Chastity; 
Ceres, of Corn ; 
Diana, of Hunting, 
and Fortune; 
and besides these Morbona, 
and Febris her self. 

The Egyptians, 
instead of God 
worshipped all sorts 
of Beasts and Plants, 
and whatsoever they saw 
first in the morning. 

The Philistines of[tr%d 
to Moloch,^, their Children 
to be burnt alive, 

The Indians, 10. even to 
this day, worship the 
Devil, II, 



Neptunus, 2, Maris ; 
Pluto, 3. Inferni ; 
Mars, 4. Belli ; 
Apollo, 5. Artium ; 
Mercurius, 6. Furum, 
Mercatorum, 
& Eloquentiae ; 
Vulcanus (Mulciber), 
Ignis & Fabrorum ; 
y£olus, Ventorum ; 
& obscaenissimus, 
Priapus, 

Habuerant etiam 
Muliebria Numina: 
qualia fuerunt Venus, 7. 
Dea Amorum, 
& Voluptatum, cum 
filiolo Cupidine, 8. 
Minerva {Pallas)^ cum 
novem Musis Artium ; 
yuno, Divitiarum &Nup- 
tiarum ; Vesta, Castitatis ; 
Ceres, Frumentorum ; 
Diana^ Venationum ; 
& Fort una : 
quin & Morbona, 
ac Febris ipsa. 

yEgyptii, 
pro Deo 

colebant omne genus 
Animalium & Plantarum, 
& quicquid conspicieban- 
tur primum mane. 

Philistcei ofiferebant 
Molocho (Saturno), 9. In- 
fantes cremandos vivos. 

Indi, 10. etiamnum 
venerantur 
Cacodamona, 11. 




Yet the true Worship 
of the true God^ 
remained with the Patri- 
HTchs, who lived before 
aod after the Flood. 

Amongst these, 
that Seed of the Woman, 
the Messias of the World, 
was promised to Abraham, 
I. the Founder of the ^rtfj, 
the Father of them that 
believe: and he (being 
called away from the Gen- 
tiles) with his Posterity, 
being marked with the Sac- 
rament of Circumcision, i. 
made a peculiar people, 
and Church of God. 

Afterwards God 
gave his Lawt written 
with his own Finger 
in TahUs of Stone, 5. 
to this people 



Verus tamem Cultus 

remansitapud Patriarchas, 
qui vixerunt ante 
& post Diluvium. 

Inter hos. 
Semen iltud Mulieris, 
Messias Mundi, 
promissus est Abrahamo. t. 
Conditori J^udaorum, 
Patri credentium : 
& ipse {avocatus 
a Gentilibus) 
cum Posteris, 
notatus Sacra- 
mento Circumeisionis, 3. 
constitutus singuUris 
populus, & Ecclesia Dei. 

Postea Deus 
exhibuit Legem suam, 
scriptam Digito suo 
in Tabulis Lapideis, ;. 
buic Populo 



f'»1 J 



by Moses, %. 

in Mount Sinai, 4. 

Fu'rthermor«,be ordained 
the eating the Paschal 
Lamb, 6. and Sacrifices to 
be offered upon an Altar, 7. 
by Priests, 8. 
and Incense, 9. and com- 
manded A- Tabernacle, 10. 
with the Ark of the Cov- 
enant, II. to be made: 
and besides, 
a braeen Serpent, 11. 
to be set up against the 
biting of Serpents in the 
Wilderness. 

All which things 
were Types of the Messias 
to come, whom 
the yews yet look for. 



per Mosen, 3. 
in Monte 3f'fui, 4. 
Porrd ordinavit 
manducationem AgniPas- 
chalis, 6. & Sacrtficia 
offerenda in Altari, 7. 
per Sacerdotes, S. 
& Suffitus, 9. & jussit 
Tabernaculum, lo. 
cum Area Foederis, 

praeterca, 

mneum Serpentem, 11. 

erigi contra 

morsum Serpentum in 

Deserto. 

Quae omnia 
Typi erant Messta 
venturi, quem 
yudtzi adhuc expectant. 



Chrisrisinitv. 



Christian is 




The only begotten eter-j Unigeuiius icLernus 
nat &>n of God, 5. . | Dei Filius, 3. 



(M) 



beinr promised to 
^ur ^st Parents in Para- 
Use^ at the last bein;^ con* 
ceived by the Holy Ghost^ 
in the most Holy Womb 
of the Virgin Mary^ i. of 
the royal house of David 
and clad with humane 
flesh, came into the World 
at Bethlehem of yudma^ 
in the extream poverty 
of a StabUy 2. 
in the fullness of time, 
in the year of the world 
3970, but pure from all sin, 
and the name of ^esus 
was given him, 
which signifieth a Saviour. 
When he was sprinkled 
with holy Baptism^ 4. 
(the Sacrament 
of the new Covenant) 
by yohn his Forerunner,5. 
in yordan, 

the most sacred Mystery 
of the divine Trinity^ 
appear*d by the Father's 
voice, 6. (whereby he testi- 
fied that this was his Son) 
and the Holy Ghost in the 
shape of a Dove^ 7. coming 
down from Heaven. 

From that time, being 
the 3otb year of his Age, 
unto the fourth year, he 
declared who he was, his 
words and works manifest- 
ing his Divinity, being 
neither owned,'nor enter- 
tained by the ^^mer^ybecause 
of his voluntary poverty. 



promissus 

ProUplastis in Paradiso^ 
tandem con- 

ceptus per Sanctum Spirit- 
um in sanctissimo utero 
Virginis Maria^ \ . 
de domo regi& Davidis^ 
& indutus humanA 
came, prodiit in mundum 
Bethlehemee yudad^ 
in summA paupertate 
Stabuliy 2. 
impleto tempore, 
Anno Mundi 3970, 
sed mundus ab omni pec- 
cato & nomen ^csu 
impositum fuit ei, 
quod significat Salvatorem, 
Hie, cum imbueretur 
scuro BaptismOy 4. 
(Scuramento 
novi Foederis) 

k Johanne prsecursore suo, 
5. in yordane apparuit 
sacratissimum Mysterium 
Divinae Trinitatis^ 
Patris 

voce, 6. (quA testabatur 
hunc esse Filium suum) 
& Spiritu sancto 
in specie ColumbcR^ 7. 
delabente ccelitus. 
Ab eo tempore, 
tricesimoanno aetatissuad, 
usque an annum quartum, 
declaravit quis esset, 
verbis & operibus prac se 
ferentibus bivinitatem, 
necagnilus, nee acceptus 
a yudais^ ob 
voluntariam pauperatem. 



r 189; 



He was at last taken by 
these (when he bad first 
instituted the Mystical Sup- 
per^ 8. of his Body and Blood 
for a Seal 

of the new Covenant znd the 
remembrance of himself) 
carried to the yudgment* 
seat of Pilate^ 
Governour under Casar^ 
accused and condemned" 
as an innocent Lamb; and 
being fastned upon a Cross ^ 
9. he dyed^ being 
sacrificed upon the Altar 
for the sins of the World. 

But when he had revived 
by his Divine Power, he 
rose again the third day 
out of the Grave^ 10. 
and forty days after 
being taken up 
from Mount Olivet^ 11, 
into Heaven^ 13. 
and returning thither 
whence he came, 
he vanished as it were, 
while the Apostles^ 13. 
gazed upon him, 
to whom he sent 
his Holy Spirit^ 14; 
from Heaven^ the tenth day 
after his Ascension^ 
and them, (being 
filled with his power) 
into the World 
to preach of him; 
being henceforth to come 
again to the last Judgment^ 
sitting in the mean time 



Captus tandem ab 
his (quum prius in- 
stituisset Coenam Mysticam^ 
8. Corporis & Sanguinis sui, 
in Sigillum 
novi Faderis^ & 
sui recordationem) 
raptus ad Tribunal 
PtlaH, 

Praefecti Casarei^ 
accusatus & damnatus est 
Agnus innocentissimus; 
actusque in Crucem, 9. 
mortem subiit^ 
immolatus in ar4 
pro peccatis mundi. 

Sed quum revixisset 
DivinA su& Virtute, 
resurrexit tertia die 
d SepulchrOy 10. 
& post dies XL. 
sublatus 

de Monte Oliveti, 1 1. 
in Ccdum^ 12. 
& eo rediens 
unde venerat, 
quasi evanuit, 
Apostolisy 13. 
aspectantibus, 
quibus misit 
Spiritum Sanctum, 14. 
de CcslOy decima 
die post Ascensum, 
ipsos vero, (hac 
virtute impletos) 
in Mundum 
praedicaturos ; 
olim rediturus 
ad judicium extremum, 
jinterea sedens 



f,,o) 



at the right hand 
oft/u Father, 
and interceding for us. 
From this Christ we 
are called Christians, and 
are saved in liim alone. 



ad dextram 

Patris, 

& inte reed ens pro nobis. 

Ab hoc Christo 
dicimur Christians, 
inquc co solo salvamur. 



Mahomet ism. 



Mahomet ismus. 




Mahomet, i, 
a warlike Man, 
invented to himself 
a new Religion, 
mixed with yudatsm, 
Christianity and Gentiiism, 
by the advice of a yev>, 2. 
and an Arian Monk, 3. 
named Sergius; fei|^ning, 
whilst he had the Fit of 
the Falling-sickness, 
that the Archangel Gabriel 
and the Holy Ghost, 
ulked with him, 



Mahomet, 1. 
Homo bellator, 
excogitabat sibi 
novam Religionem, 
mixtam ex ^udaismo, 
Chrislianismo & Gentilismv^ 
consilio Judm, 1. 
& Monathi Artani, 3. 
nomine Sergii ; fingens, 
dum laboraret Epilepsia^ 

Arehangelum Gabrtelem^ 
& Spiritum Satutum, 
secum colloqui, 



using a Pigetm, 4. 
to fetch Meat 
out of his Ear. 
His Followers 
refraia themselves 
from Wine; 
are circumcised, 
have many Wives ; 
build Chapels, «,. 
from the Steeples whereof, 
they are called to Holy 
Service not by Bells, 
but by a Priest, 6. they 
wash themselves often, 7. 
they deny the/Tc^ Trinity: 
they honour Christ, 
not as the Son of God, 
but as a great Prophet, 
yet less thao Mahomet s 
they call their Law, 
the Alchoran. 



adsuefaciens Columbam, 4. 
petere Escam 
ex Aure sua. 

Assecla ejus 
abstinent se 
i Vino; 
circumciduntur, 

,nt Polygami ; 
exstruunt Sacella, j, 
de quorum Turriculis, 
convocantur ad sacra 
non a Campanis, 
sed a Sacerdote, 6. 
ssepius se abluunt, 7. 
negant SS. Trimtatem: 
Christum honor ant, 
I ut Dei Filium, 
sed ut la^^nywn Prophetam, 
minorem tamen Mahomeie; 
Legem suam vocant 
Alcoran. 



Gods Providence. CXLIX. Provid?ntia Del. 




I Hu, 



r>9'.) 



T 



are not to be attributed 
to Fortune or Ckatue, 
or tbe Infiueiue of the Stars, 
{Omets, I. 

indeed are wont to por- 
tend no good) 
bat to the prorideat 
Sjre of God, i. 
and to his goventing Hand, 
3. even our Sighis, 
or Oversights, 
or even our Faults. 

God hath his Ministers 
and Angels, 4. 
who accompany a Man, 5. 
from his birth, 
as Guardians, 
kgainst wicked Spirits, 
or the Devil, 6. 
who every minute 
layeth wait for him, 
to tempt 
and vex him. 

Wo to the mad 
miutrds».aA Witches 
who give themselves to 
the Depil, 

(being inclosed in a Cir- 
ele, 7. calling upon him 
with Charms) 
they dally with him, 
and fall from God ! 
for they shall receive their 
reward with him. 



non tribuends sunt 

FortuHfK aut Guui, 

aut /njtuxui Siderum, 

(Cemeta, 1. 

quidem solent nihil boni 

porten(?ere) 

sed provido 

Dei OcuU, 2. 

& ejusdero Mamti rectrici,^ 

etiam nostrse Frudentia, 

vel Imprudentim, 

vel etiam Noxm. 

Deus habet Ministros 
suos, & Angelas, 4. 
qui associant se ffomini, 5. 
& oativitate ejus, 
ut Custodes, 

contra malignos Spiriitts^, 
seu Diabolum, 6. 
qui minutatim 
struit iosidias ei, 
ad tentandum 
vel vexandum. 

Vse deroentibus 
Magis ft Lamiis 
qui Cacodxmoni se 
dedunt 

(inclusi Cirtulo, 7. 
eum advocaates 
Incantamentis) 
cum eo colludunt 
& i Deo deficiuDt ! 
nam cum ilio 
mercedem accipient. 



The Last Judgment. CL. Judicium extremum. 




FoT the last day 
shall come 

which shall raise up the 
Dead. 3. with the sound of 
a Trumpet, I. and summon 
the Quid with them 
to the j^udgment-seat 
of Christ yesus, 3. 
(appearing in the Clouds) 
to give an Account 
of all things done. 
When the Godly & EUct,i,. 
shall enter into life eter- 
nal into the place of Bliss, 
and the new Hierusalem, 5. 

But the Wicked 
and the damned, 6. 
shall be thrust into Hett,%. 
with the Devils, 7. to be 
there tormented for ever. 



Nam dies nffvissima 
veniet, 

quae resuscitabit Mortu- 
OS, 1. voce Tubtt, I. 
& citabit Vwos, 
cum illis 
ad Tribunal 
Jesu Christi, j. 
(apparentis in Nubibus) 
ad reddendam rationem 
omnium actorum. 
Ubi pit (justs') hMleeti, 4. 
introibunt in vitam seter- 
nam,in locum Beatitudinis 
& novum Hierosolymam, 5. 

Impii vero. 
& damnati, 6. 
cum Caeodanuinibus, 7. in 
GekennuM, 8. detrudentur, 
ibi cruciandi aeternum. 




Thus thou hast seen in 
short, all things 
that can be shewed, 
and hast learned 
the chief Wordi 
of the Er^lish and Znft'n 
Tongue. 

Go on now 
and read other good Books 
diligently, 

and thou shalt become 
learned, wise, and godly. 

Remember these things; 
fear God, and call upon 
bim, that he may bestow 
upon thee 
the Spirit of Wisdom. 

Farewell. 



Ita vtdisti summatim 
res omnes 

quae poterunt ostendl, 
& dtdlcisti 
Voces primarias 
Anglieet & Latina 
Lingua. 

Perg'e nunc 
& lege diligenter alias 
bonos Libras, 
ut fias 
doctus, sapiens, & pius. 

Memento horum *, 
Deum time, & invoca 
euro, ut largiatur 
tibi 
Spiritum Sapientia. 

Vale. 



INDEX TITULORUM. 



Cap. 



A. 



Pag. 



141 ^cies&PraBlium 178 

6 Aer 10 
46 Agricultura 58 
33 Amphibia 40! 
43 Animi hominis 54 
19 Animalia & primum 

Aves 24 

7 Aqua 12 
13 Arbor 17 



106 

76 

109 
108 



119 Arbor Consanguin 



itatis 
128 Ars Medica 
91 Ars Scriptoria 
Artes Sermonis 
Aucupium 
Aves Aquaticae 



99 

24 
22 



»5o 

C12 
121 

30 



28 
29 



Aves Campestres & 
Sylvestres 
20 Aves Domestical 
23 Aves Rapaces 

B. 

74 galneum 91 

95 Bibilopegus 117 

94 Bibliopolium 116 

C- 
Qanales & Ossa 50 
Caput & Macus 47 

49 



68 

^Z 

64 

30 

29 

70 

«5 

1^3 

»4 

17 
18 

102 



41 

39 

40 Caro & Viscera 

140 Castra 

147 Christianismus 

4 Coslum 

53 Convivium 

55' Coquinaria 

135 CursusCertamina 171 

D. 

44 J)eformes & Mon- 

strosi 55 

2 Deus 5 

96 Domus 82 



177 
187 

7 
72 

68 



77 
45 

"S 

72 



5 
32 

25 
)oo 



123 

146 
124 

28 
116 



E. 

p^clipses 131 

Eques 102 

Equile 194 

Ethica 36 

Europa 134 

F. 

paber Ferrari us 85 
Faber lignarius 79 

Faber murarius 80 

Ferae Bestiae 36 

Ferae Pecudes 35 

Figulus 87 

Flores 20 

Fortitudo 141 
Fructus Arborum 18 

Fruges 22 

Frutices 27 

G. 

Qentilismus 184 

Geometria 126 
H. 

Horologia 95 
Hortorum cultura 56 
Humanitas 144 

Hypocaustum cum 

Dormitorio 80 

I. 
Jgnis 8 

Insecta repent ia 38 
Insecta volantia 31 
Instrumenta Musica 

123 
Interiora Urbis 156 
Invitatio 1 

Judaismus 186 

Judicium 157 

Jud'm extremum 193 
Jumenta 34 

Justitia 145 



INDEX TITULORUM. 



L. 

1 2 T apides 1 5 

54 Lanionia 67 

96 Liber 118 

117 Liberalitas 147 

61 Lintea 76 

134 Ludiis Aleae 170 

136 Ludi pueriles 173 

133 Ludus Pilae 169 

130 Ludus Scenicus 166 

M. 

65 Vfachinac 81 
148 * Mahometismus 

190 
35 Marinae Pisces & 

Conchae 42 

48 Meilificium 61 
38 Membra Hominis Ex- 
terna 45 

X 27 Mensurae & Pondera 

162 

126 Mercatura 161 

67 Metallifodina 84 

1 1 Metalia 1 5 

139 Miles 176 

49 Molitura 62 
3 Mundus 6 
98 Museum 120 

N. 

17 J^atats 

90 Naufragium 

88 Navis actuaria 

89 Navis oneraria 
8 Nubes 

O. 



107 
III 
108 
109 
12 



143 (^bsidium Urbis 
16 ^ Olera 
21 Oscines 



181 
21 
27 



P. 

132 palaestra 168 

50 Panificium 63 
92 Papyrus 113 
71 Partes Domus 88 
114 Patientia 142 
27 Pccora 33 
47 Pecuaria $9 
105 Phases Lunae 130 
101 Philosophia 125 
78 Pictura 96 

5 1 Piscatio 64 
34 Pisces Fluviatiles 41 
104 Planet. Aspectus 129 
131 Praestigiae 167 
149 Providentia Dei 191 

110 Prudentia 137 
142 Pugna Navalis 180 
73 Putei 90 

Q. 

26 /Auadrupedia Sipri- 
qC mum Domestica 32 
R. 
138 P^^ia Majestas 174 
^37 Regnum & Regio 

173 
144 Religio 183 

81 Restio & Lorarius 99 

62 Cartor yj 

97 Schola 119 

69 Scriniarius & Torna- 

tor 86 

111 Sedulitas 139 
42 Sensus externi & in- 

terni 52 

37 Septum iEtat. Hom- 
inis 44 
129 Sepultura 165 
3 1 Serpentes & Reptilia 

37 



INDEX TITUI.ORUM. 



ii8 Societas Conjugalis 

144 
121 Societas Herilis 153 

120 Soc'tas Parentalis 152 

79 Specularia 97 

103 Sphaera CGclestis 127 

107 Sphaera terrestris 132 

125 Supplicia Malefic!- 



orum 
63 Sutor 

T. 
112 nnemperantia 

9 Terra 

10 Terrae fcetus 
60 Textura 



»S9 

78 

140 

»3 
»4 
75 



75 

59 
86 

93 

85 
84 

53 
82 

80 

56 
122 

57 



Tonstrina 93 

Tractio Lini 74 

TransitusAqua'm 106 



Tjpographia 

"yectura 

Vehicula 
Venatus 
Viator 
Vietor 
Vindemia 
Urbs 

Z. 
Vythopoeia 



114 

105 
103 

66 
100 

98 

70 
144 

71 



An Index of the Titles. 



Chap. A. Page. 

37 np^^ Seven Ages of 

Man 44 

6 The Air 10 

33 Amphibious Creatures 

40 
105 The Apparitions of the 

Moon 1 30 

141 The Army and the 

Fight 178 

99 Arts belonging to Speech 

121 

104 The Aspects of the Pla^ 

nets 129 

B. 

74 '^he Bath 91 

75 ^ The Barbers Shop 93 
28 Labouring Beasts 34 
30 Wild Beasts 36 



143 The Besieging of a City 

181 
19 Birds 24 

22 Birds that live in the 

Fields and Woods 28 

23 Ravenous Birds 29 
21 Singing Birds 27 
41 The Chanels and Bones 

50 
96 A Book it8 

95 The Book-binder 1 1 7 

94 The Book-sellers Shop 

116 

69 The Box-maker 86 

126 Boys Sports 172 

50 Bread-baking 63 

57 Brewing 71 

129 A Burial 165 

54 Butchery 6y 



AN INDEX OF THE TITLES, 



85 

63 
27 

29 
41 



c. 

103 n^Ae Ceiesiiai Sphere 

127 
140 The Camp 177 

84 Carriages 103 

Carrying to and fro 105 
The Carpenter 79 

Herd' Cattle 33 

Wild- Cattle 35 

7!i^ Chanels and Sones 

147 Christianity 187 

123 -4 C/'/y 154 

143 T'^^ Besieging of a City 

181 
123 The Inward parts of a 
City 156 

The Close 194 

8 The Clouds 1 2 

119 The Tree of Consan- 
guinity 150 
55 Cookery 68 

80 The Cooper 98 

81 7%^ Cord'Wainer 99 
17 CV?r« 22 

32 Crawling Vermin 38 

33 Creatures that live as 



well by water as by 



31 



land 
Creeping things 

D. 



40 

37 



44 YVf^^^^^ ^^^ mon^ 
strous People 55 

77 Dials 95 

134 Dice-play 170 

III Diligence 139 

4^ 7!*^ Dressing of Gar- 

dens 56 



«3 

i3« 
81 

72 



E. 
9 np^^ Earth 
106 -■• The Eclipses 
65 Engines 
108 Europe 

F. 

58 A i^^tfJ/ 

132 T'i^ Fencing-School 

168 
5 -^/W 8 

5 1 Fishing 64 

34 River-fish and Pond- 

fish 41 

35 Sea-fish and Shell-fish 

43 
40 7*^^ J%ji4 tf «</ Bowels 

49 

1 5 Flowers 20 

25 Flying Vermin 31 
113 Fortitude 141 

26 J^(£?»r footed Beasts 

about the House 32 

52 Fowling 65 
20 Tame-Fowl 25 
24 Water-Fowl 30 

1 o 7%^ i^r«i/j <?/M^ ^rM 

»4 
14 Fruits of Trees 18 

G. 

88 A Ga//o' 108 

145 Gentilism 184 

102 Geometry 126 

2 G^^ 5 
149 God* s Providence 191 
47 Grasing 59 
49. Grinding 62 

H. 

39 nr^^ Head and the 
Hands 47 

16 Pot-herbs 21 



AN INDEX OF THE TITLES. 



27 Herd-Cattle 33 
4 Heaven 7 
48 The making of Honey 

61 
83 The Horseman 102 
66 >4 House 82 

77 7>4^ /tfr/j <?/■ House 

88 

115 Humanity 144 
53 Hunting 66 
46 Husbandry 58 

I. 
TT^^ Invitation i 

1 00 Musical Insruments 

"3 
146 Judaism 186 

124 judgment 157 

150 The last judgment 193 

116 justice 145 

137 'pA^ Kingdom and 

Region 173 

L. 

28 Jadouring Beasts 34 

117 Liberality 147 
19 Living Creatures 24 
59 7'^^ dressing of Line 74 
61 Z/Vf^x; Cloaths 76 
79 Looking-glasses 97 

M. 

148 XAahometism 190 

138 -^^^ Kingly Majesty 

36 J/fl« 43 

3 7 7i4^ .S^^w ^^^^ ^ J/fl« 

44 
38 7!^ outward parts of a 

Man 45 

64 7!i^ Mason 80 



127 Measures and Weights 

162 
126 Merchandizing 161 

89 ^ Merchant Ship 109 
1 1 Metals 1 5 
67 -4 J//>i^ 84 
105 7%^ Apparitions of the 

Moon 137 

109 Moral Philosophy 136 

100 Musical Inst* ments 123 

P. 

92 p^/^r 1 1 3 
16 Passage over Waters 

106 

1 14 Patience 142 

10 1 Philosophy 125 
109 Moral Philosophy 136 

128 Physick 163 
78 7!*^ Picture 96 
34 Pond-fish 41 
16 Pot-herbs 21 
70 7'^^ /'i^/Z^r 87 

93 Printing 1 14 
149 God* s Providence 191 
no Prudence 137 

R. 

23 Ravenous Birds 29 

144 Religion 183 

34 River- fish 41 
81 The Roper , 99 
138 Regal Majesty 174 

S. 
97 A School 119 

142 "* rA<r Sea-fight 180 

35 Sea-fish and Shell-fish 42 
42 7i^ outward and in-- 

ward Senses 52 

31 Serpents 37 

90 Shipwreck in 



AN INDEX OF THE TITLES. 



1 20 



121 



43 



63 The Shoe-maker 78 
18 Shrubs 23 

21 Singing Birds 27 

121 Sleights 167 

118 The Society betwixt Man 
and Wife 148 

The Society betwixt Pa- 
rents and Children 152 
The Society betwixt Ma- 
ster and Servant 153 
The Soul of Man 54 
139 The Souldier 176 

68 The Black-smith 85 
136 Boys Sports 172 

i o J The Celestial Sphere 127 
107 The Terrestial Sphere 

132 
99 -4r/j belonging to Speech 

121 
76 TAr 5/fl^/^ 94 

i^o A Stage-play 166 

12 Stones 16 

72 TA^ 5/w^ wiM the Bed- 
room 89 
98 The Study 120 



87 Swimming 107 

T. 
62 TT^ Taylor 77 

182 Temperance 140 

133 Tennis play 169 

107 TAr Terrestial Sphere 

132 
125 7i4^ Torments of Male- 
factors 1 59 
7i4^ Travellor 100 
^ 7V^^ 17 
TAr Tlwr^rr 86 

U. 
P^>r^ Vermin 31 



82 

«3 
69 

25 
3* 

56 

7 
60 

73 
29 

30 

3 

91 



Crawling Vermin 38 



The Vintage 

W. 
n^he Water 
Weaving 
Wells 

Wild Cattle 
Wild Beasts 
The World 
Writing 



70 



II 

75 
90 

35 

36 

6 

112 



Trinuni Deo Gloria. 



FINIS 



This book ahould be retuniJ 
the Library on or before the lael 
stamped below, 

A fine of Q'^fmtmtB a day is ina 
by retainmg it beyond the apQ 
time. 

Please return promptly.
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