^^^
4. —
FROM THE ORIGINAL PICTURE PAINTED BY CHARLES WILLSON PEALE IN 1784, NOW OWNED BY GENERAL
STEWART'S GREAT-GRANDSON, JOHN B. CHURCH, ESQ., GENEVA, NEW YORK.
Tkvi-n=:tjlv«nr]i?i ivTf<?in+r(/|. U-
ORDERLY-BOOK
PENNSYLVANIA miE REGIMENT
OF FOOT
MAY 10 TO AUGUST 16, 1777
BY
JOHN W^ JORDAN
REPRIXTKD I'HOM
THE PENNSYLVANIA MAGAZINE OF HISTORY AND BIOORAPHY
APHir,. JCriyY, OCTOBER, JATftTARY, 1898
PHILADELPHIA
1898
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V
61359
ORDERLY-BOOK
or THE
PENNSYLVANIA STATE REGIMENT OF FOOT,
MAY 3 TO AUGUST 16, 1777.
[The Pennsylvania State Eegiment of Foot was formed largely from
the remains of the Eifle Battalion of Colonel Samuel Miles and the
Musketry Battalion of Colonel Samuel J. Atlee, and on May 2, 1777,
John Bull was commissioned its colonel. His appointment was, how-
ever, unsatisfactory to the officers, who threatened to resign unless he was
removed; accordingly on June 17 he was appointed Adjutant- General
of the State, and Colonel Walter Stewart given the command of the regi-
ment. The details of this movement are given in the " Diary of Lieu-
tenant James McMichael," Penna. Mag., Vol. XVI. pp. 129 et seq. In
July the regiment was designated the Thirteenth Pennsylvania Line, and
in November, by resolution of Congress, was placed on the Continental
Establishment. When Colonel Stewart took command of the regiment
it mustered eleven companies, fifty-two field- and staflf-officers, seventy-
nine non-commissioned oflicers, and four hundred and seventy-seven
privates fit for duty. The Orderly-Book is in a fairly good condition, and
many of the entries are in the handwriting of Hugh McGough, who was
a sergeant in the company of Captain John Clark. On the inside of the
cover is the following : " May 15, 1777. Crossed ye Eiver to Liberty
Island from Eed Bank. Four of the enemies ships came into the Eiver
and our Gallies bore down to meet them. On that night the enemy
landed at New Castle and carried a number of live stock on board their
ships, after cutting down ye Liberty Pole and taking away ye Alarm gun.
The day following they stood for the Capes." On the same date Lieu-
tenant McMichael in his diary records, " At noon the alarm guns down
the river were fired and flags all hoisted. We were paraded and awaited
3
4 Orderly-Booh of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
the attack, which proved a false alarm." The fly-leaf has also the fol-
lowing entries relating to two privates of Captain John Clark's company :
" William JefFeries, 5 ft. 6 in. high ; pale complexion, long black hair,
med. large grey eyes, a well made Irishman, received his furlough Aug.
21 for 30 Days."
"William Elliot, from Londonderry, Lancaster county Pa., short
dark curly hair, fair complexion, about 5 feet 7 or 8 in. high, has fur-
lough from Dec. 16 1777 to March 1 1778."
"December 30, 1777, Lieut. Joseph Finley [of second company]
being promoted to Captain, is to take the command of the company
formerly Captain Patrick Anderson's." Captain Anderson had been
elected a member of the Assembly.]
Head Quarters Eed Bank May 3** 1777.
The officers are to talkie care of tlie men & see that they
lieep themselves clean to Prevent their being sicli.
It is with the greatest Reluctancy that I perceive that great
numbers of the men and officers are disabled & unfit for
Duty with that vile and uncleanly disorder called the . . .
as it is a Disorder that they bring upon themselves for if
they would not . . . any they would not take it. I therefore
am Determined to lay the fine of £3. upon the Captains as
I Perceive they are very subject to that Disorder ; as for the
subalterns I Perceive they are not subject to that Disorder,
I therefore order a gill of Eum to be given to them on the
1st Day of May 1780 gratis.
The men are to receive 50 lashes.
Jno Bull,
Col. ComP.
Head Quarters Red Bank May y^ lO"' 1777.
Quartermaster to collect all Liquors belonging to any of
ye Soldiers and their Wives exceeding 1 Quart each at Red
Bank & order it on Board ye first Shalop or flat & suffer
Women whose property it is to go on board with it to Phila-
delphia ; y* Regt to leave if fit this evening and y* officers
to see that all the men have themselves and arms clean by
tomorrow morning and be on the parade at 8 of clock [torn]
Every Sunday as usual and not appear upon the parade at
any time without being Shaved and their hair Combed.
The Capt. or Comauding officer of companys to give in
Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 5
a return of Arms and Acutreraents and other JSTecessaries to
compleat their Companjs.
Head Quarters Fort Mercer May 24"" 1777,
The Reg' to be paraded at 6 o'Clock in ye morning & 5 in
y* afternoon with arras & acutreraents to exercise y* Sero-*'
to take in Rotation, to be orderly & keep an exact Roster of
ye Companys, ye officers to attend ye parade as many as are
present and when the men go to work at least one officer of
each Company to attend to see y' y* men as many as are able,
to turn out. Ye Captain of ye Day is to Inspect ye tents
and order ye men to mend those that are tore and if any
should be Tore in Future by Neglect to Report ye perpe-
trators. Regular Division of Tents to be made according to
ye number of men in each Company — one tent for six men
or 5 men and one woman, ye Serg*» to be punctual in De-
livery of their Reports precisely at 6 o'Clock in ye morning.
Any ISTeglect to be taken in Notice.
Fort Meroer May the 26"" 1777.
The Quartermaster is to order the Camp Colormen to
Dig two Necessaries, one at each wing of the Camp and
when full to cover them well over— the Camp to be kept
Clean. Any man found to . . . about the Camp shall be
put in the Guard house— Orders issued before to be strictly
observed both by Officers & Soldiers— the Serg'' to shew the
orders as soon as they get them from the Adjutant to their
Officers.
Head Quarters Fort Mercer May 28"^ 1777.
It is with the utmost Concern ye Colonel observes so
great a backwardness of duty, therefore hopes y« Officers
will exert themselves in future to see y' the men do their
duty punctually— all Neglect will be taken Notice of with-
out distinction. Ye Quartermaster to Issue Rum for none
but for those on duty, the Women to draw none. Ye officers
are to be particular in their provision Returns and to men-
tion at the Bottom of them the Quantity of Rum due to
their men.
6 Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
Head-Quarters Fort Mercer May y^ 30"^ 1777.
All the Rifles private property belonging to Soldiers of y®
Pennsylvania State Reg* who chuse to dispose of them are
to Deliver with their ISTames written on paper pasted on the
huts in order they may be appraised.
Head Quarters Fort Mercer June y® 6"" 1777.
Standing Order.
Every Soldier before ye hour to Parade shall be properly
Equipped and Dressed, arms and Linnen clean, Shaved and
hair Dressed so as to appear on Field Days & when on
Guard decent and Soldiery like. Ye Quartermaster to
divide ye Cloaths between ye Comp'''' according to their
several Necessities taking Rec*^ for y* same — the Capt''' who
are to keep Acct how y'' are Disposed of Ye Guard not to
be Relieved on Field Days until on 6 o'Clock when the
Adjutant will order y^ old Guard to Dress and prepare
immediately to fall in Battalion by three o'Clock in y* after-
noon in order they may not be Deprived of y* Benefit of
their Duty.
Head Quarters Fort Mercer June y^ 8'" 1777.
Altho' frequent orders have been given against selling
any Spirituous Liquors, yet some has been Brought into
Camp. Ye Colo" is Determined that any person found
guilty of Bringing & Selling such Liquors he shall be put
in the Guard house and severely punished for Disobedience
of Orders and never in ye Future allowed to sell, and the
Liquor so brought shall be taken from them. The Men
must be careful not to hurt the Fruit trees in the Camp, nor
to burn any of the Rails or destroy them.
Head Quarters Fort Mercer, June 13th 1777.
Captain of the Day, tomorrow, — Capt. Clark. Ofiicers
to command the Working Parties, Lieut. Van Pelt, Ensign
Boyle, Ensign Gregg.^
^ Captain John Clark, of the seventh company ; Second Lieutenant
James Van Pelt, of the sixth company ; Ensign Peter Boyle, of the
third company ; and Ensign Robert Gregg, of the fourth company.
Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 7
Head Quarters Fort Mercer, June 14* 1777.
Officer for the Day tomorrow, Capt. Gray; officers to
attend the Working Parties, Ensign Dugan, Ensign Van-
winkle, Ensign Colier.'
Head Quarters Fort Mercer, June ye 14'" 1777.
The Troops to be ready tomorrow morning by 10 o'clock
with arras, ammunition, and accoutrements in good order to
march to Gloucester as soon as possible and as 3'e Quarter-
master is absent, one Commissioned officer of each Regt to
use his best Endeavours to provide a wagon for their respec-
tive Com. Baggage and one for ye Field Officers.
Head Quarters Fort Mercer, June IS"' 1777.
The Command to be left at Fort Mercer to consist of one
Capt., one Lieut., one Ensign, three Serg', a Drum and Fife
& fifty Privates, viz. Capt. Carnahan, Lieut. Gregg, Ensign
Bickham, a Serg't from Capt. Gray, Robb and Carnahan,
the Drum Major, and small Drum & fife, five Privates from
each Company.^
Head Quarters Philadelphia June 15"" 1777.
A Detachment consisting of one Capt. two Subalterns,
four Sergeants, four Corporals & fifty Men must be Paraded
by seven o'clock at the Barracks to escort Powder to the
Camp — they must be all properly Equipt with every Requi-
site as they do not return again until the Regm joins them.
The Regt to be Paraded at the same time or rather sooner,
when they must all receive their Clothing from the Quarter
Master to prepare them for Marching to Head Quarters
when ordered. The officers ordered to go are Capt. Ander-
son, Lieut. Crane, and Ensign FuUerton.^
^ Captain Robert Gray, of the eighth company ; Ensign James Dun-
gan, of the tenth company ; Ensign John Van Winkle, of the second
company ; Ensign Joseph Collier, of the seventh company.
^Captain James Carnahan, of the tenth company; Second Lieu-
tenant John Gregg, of the fifth company; Ensign James Bickham, of
the sixth company ; Captain John Robb, of the ninth company ; Drum-
Major Isaac Holloway.
^ Captain Patrick Anderson, Second Lieutenant Ambrose Grain, and
Ensign Patrick Fullerton, all of the first company.
8 Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
Head Quarters Philadelphia June the 18 1777.
A Corporal and six Men to parade immediately and March
to General Mifflin's Quarters, in order to escort his Baggage
to Camp.
Leavis Nicola,
Town Major.
To Col. Steavart
or Officer Commanding his Regt.
Head Quarters Philadelphia June the 18*" 1777.
Allow me to Assure you Gentlemen that it was with the
greatest Pleasure I accepted of the command of a Reg*
whose officers stood so High in the Esteem of the publick
both in respect of their abilities and their Ability & Activity.
It is with no less pleasure I observe the Ardent Desire each
Officer sustains to have his Men comfortably and completely
equipt before the march to Camp, and its I think a Duty
encumbant upon me to use every endeavour in my Power
to procure thern what Necessaries they may want. I must
desire the Quarter Master will immediately Clothe the Reg*
as far as the things now in his possession will go, and deliver
me a Return of what remains still wanting.
The Captains will immediately be pleased to make Re-
turns to the Adju* of their Companies, not the Names of
those Men not yet Exchanged as I am informed there are a
number of Deserters from the Reg* and many Recruits
would be willing to join the Reg*. Every Officer ought to
pick them up. The following Gentlemen will hold them-
selves in immediate readiness to go on that Service.
The Pay Master^ having received the Money for the pur-
pose, will as Expeditiously as possible settle with the Men
to the first of June or as late as the Money will allow of.
Walter Stewart
Colonel P. S. R.
Head Quarters Philadelphia June 18, 1777.
Two Guards each consisting of 1 Subalteran, 1 Serg*, 1
Corporal, 1 Drum & 20 Men, must be ready in the State
' Captain Jacob Laverswyler.
Orderly-Booh of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 9
House yard at 8 o'clock tomorrow morning to escort some
Wagons to Camp. The Officer will receive his Instructions
from Capt. Watkins.
Lewis ISTicola,
To Col. Walter Steavart, T. 31.
or Senior Officer iciih his Begt.
Head Quarters Philadelphia June y* 19'" 1777,
Ensign Bemper/ & Ensign Fullerton will proceed on y«
above command & when ye have executed this order from
Capt. Watkins they immediately proceed with their parties
to Correll's Ferry there to join ye rest. Ye 'R^gt. will be
paraded tomorrow morning at 9 o'clock when they are to
be properly equipt, to proceed to Camp. It is absolutely
necessary yt each Capt. immediately delivers Returns men-
tioned in yesterdays Orders, and Col. Stewart flatters him-
self as the time fixed for leaving the City is so near at hand,
that all will exert themselves in getting the men in proper
order.
Eegimental Orders June the 20th 1777,
The Captains are desired in the most possitive manner to
get the Pay Rolls for the Back Pay due the Men imme-
diately finished as I shall be under the Necessity of deliv-
ering to the Board of War a return of those Companies
which have not been settled with this afternoon. If the Pay
Master has not Money sufficient for this purpose the Board
of War will supply him with more. Those Men who have
not received all their Clothing must have it this afternoon.
The Roll to be called at six this afternoon and six tomorrow
morning.
Walter Stewart,
Colonel P. S. B.
Bound Brook June the 26th 1777.
The Regt. to be drawn up on the hill near the three gun
battery to the northward of the Meeting-house, at seven
o'clock this evening, when a guard will be fixed at said
^ Ensign Abraham Boemper, of the ninth company.
10 Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
place consisting of one Capt, two Subalt's, four Serg'%
and fifty rank and file. One Serg* and twelve men on the
Quibbletown road, one Sergt and twelve men on the road
to Corell's Ferry, one Lieut, and two Sergts. on this side
the Bridge. At Tattoo the loose boards on the Bridge are
to be brought to this side, and in case of an alarm in the
night, the men are to parade on the same ground the Roll
was called near the three gun battery. The wagons to be
paraded on the hill at Roll call, where the wagons will have
orders.
Regimental Orders June the 27'" 1777.
The Regt. to be paraded tomorrow morning at four
o'clock, when they are to manouver to seven ; the Roll to
be called at six, and manouver to eight o'clock. The
Capt's of the difi'erent companies to see that their men
come clean on the parade, and order that they have their
dirty linen washed.
The Quarter Master will see that the Men, according to a
Standing General Order always have three days provisions
before hand; after having it, have it cooked as soon as
possible.
As I find there is a great number of Men in Camp [torn]
their Corps which belong to this Regt., the Ofiicers will be
very industrious to find them out, and give a return of their
names and companies to me.
Walter Stewart, Colonel.
Regimental Orders July y^ 1 1777.
The different Capts will make a return to the Adjutant
of the Sergt's already appointed in the different companies,
& what vacancies there now are, & he will take care for the
future not to attempt Breaking or Nominating a Sergt.
without my permission, as it is impossible for the Adjt to
know the Sergts. of the Regt. when they are so frequently
changed.
A General Return of the Regt. to be made to the Adjt
by tomorrow morning at 8 o'clock. It is desired that each
Capt, will be particularly careful in making their Returns
out exact.
Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 11
An Officer for the week to be appointed in each Company
to superintend the Cooking of the victuals, to whom I shall
look, if there is any irregularity, & he may depend upon
being punished if found Negligent.
An Officer of the week likewise to attend the Sursreon in
visiting the sick.
The Capts must appoint good, sober, diligent men imme-
diately as Corporals. The Quarter Master to make a return
of the Tents, Camp Kettles, Wagons & all the Camp Equi-
page now with the Regt, by 8 o'clock tomorrow morning.
Walter Stewart, Colonel.
Middle Beook July 1st. 1777.
General Orders.
A General Court Martial to sit tomorrow at 9 o'clock at
ye usual place for ye Trial of such prisoners as may be
brought before them. Col. Walter Stewart is appointed to
preside & all witnesses to attend. The late Court Martial
whereof Col. Stephan w^as president is dissolved. A pay
roll for ye month of May to be made immediately and de-
livered to ye Pay Master General for examination. The
several Troops and detachments of Col. Bland's Light
Horse are to assemble forthwith at ye Colonel's Quarters ;
ye Quarter Master General of Forage will assign a place
w^here they may get Forage to recruit their horses.
A Return of the Sick in Camp of ye different Regts. to be
made to ye Surgeon General of the Army every Tuesday
and Friday at 9 o'clock in ye morning specifying ye mens
names, their diseases and ye Company they belong to;
these returns to be signed by the Surgeon of the Regt.
Jno. Mifflin, Henry Emanuel and Luther Leh Esq" are
appointed D. Q. M. Gen^^ for this Army and are to be
respected and obeyed as such. Clement Biddle Esq' is
appointed Commissary of Forage for this Army.
ISTotwithstanding ye Order of the 3rd of June, the Gen-
eral is informed that many Officers are turning their horses
into fields of grain and grass, and giving assurances to the
proprietors of them, that the damages done shall be paid
12 Orderly -Booh of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
for by ye Q. M. Gen^ [torn] ye Orders already given, and
considers ye [torn] y* distress under which the inhabitants
of New Jersey still are and still groan, the General is aston-
ished to find that neither duty, honor, nor humanity can
restrain Officers from so cruel and unlawful practice, he
once more, therefore, in ye most pointed and possitive terms
forbids it and orders that no horse be turned into any field
whatsoever without License for it signed from the Qr. Mr.
Genl. or some person acting by his authority. After this
second notice, any Officers ofiending, upon complaint being
made, may rest assured that they shall not only be answer-
able for the Damage done, but brought before a Court
Martial and tried for disobedience of orders.
Detail for the Court Martial ordered yesterday : 1 Field
Officer, 2 Capts. ; for the Court Martial whereof Colonel
Stewart is President; 1 Capt. 2 Subaltn's.
General Orders.
The whole Army is to get ready to march tomorrow
morning at 6 o'clock ; ^ ye Tents & Baggage all put up prop-
erly into ye wagons. If it should rain ye Tents not to be
struck. The two Regts. ordered to be detatched from Lord
Stirling's Division, towards the Sound is not included but
are to wait till further orders. The Honb'l Congress having
been pleased to order and direct a Deputy Qr. Mr. Gen^
should be appointed to each Division of the Army, and an
Assistant to each Brigade, left the said appointments to ye
Qr. Mr. Genl. with the approbation of the Comm. in Chief
he requests ye Major Generals and Brigadiers of each
Division to recommend a proper person to discharge ye
duty of Deputy Qr. Mr. Gen^ in their respective Divisions
and ye Brigadier and commanding officers of each Brigade
to recommend an Assistant in their Brigade. In doing
this proper care and circumspection it is hoped will be used,
as the comfort and good order of each Division and Brigade
b
^ The army marched from Middle Brook to Morristown July 3, where
head-quarters were established.
Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 13
will in a great measure depend upon ye knowledge and
activity and care of ye persons they make choice of.
Head Quarters, Morristowk July 4"" 1777.
As it is impossible to tell now with certainty how soon or
how suddenly ye army maybe called upon to march, as it is
an event dependant entirely upon ye enemies movements,
ye General orders that no Officer or soldier shall be absent
from Camp ; that every thing be had in perfect readiness
except striking of Tents. As no opportunity can be more
favorable than ye present to get rid of all heavy baggage,
the General once more strongly urges the Officers to store
what they can possibly spare at Morristown. If after this
second notice they fill the Lumber "Wagons with old Tables,
Chests and Chairs &c., they are not to be surprised if they
are left in the Field. This must be the inevitable conse-
quence of a scarcit}' of teams. No fences are to be destroyed,
nor horses to be turned into fields of grain or grass before
they are appropriated by the Qr. Mr. Genl., who will direct
where wood is to be had, that some of the wagons of each
Brigade may be employed in hauling it to their Encamp-
ment. After orders will issue at 4 o'clock this afternoon
for the better regulation of ye Troop's Wagons and C
upon a march, at which time all the Brigade Majors will
attend the Adjt. Genl. Observed yesterday that Wagons
were very irregularly loaded ; the Wagon Masters have
now an opportunity of attending to that matter; for the
future they are to see that the loads are properly distributed.
Head Quarters, Morristown, July 5"^ 1777.
General Orders.
When the order is given to march, and the men are
paraded for that purpose the Rolls are to be called and the
commanding Officers of each Corps is to see that his men
are all present or know with certainty where they are.
When they are told off" in Subdivisions or platoons and
Officers assigned to each such officers are to abide constantly
14 Orderly-Booh of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
with them and upon a March to see that No man is suffered
to Quit his Ranks upon any occasion, without a Kon Com-
missioned officer, who is to bring him to his place again.
Whenever a halt is made and ye Ranks are suffered to be
Broke, in order for the men to Rest and Refresh themselves,
ye officers Comm'g Divisions as above, is so soon as they are
ordered to Arms again to see that they have every man in
his Division in his place. If either of ye Maj. Genls. in
their respective [torn] should see any apparent cause for a
halt before the time & place Designed to send a A. D. C. to
ye Comm'g officer with his Reasons for it, who, if he Judges
it expedient will order it accordingly. When a march is
begun after a halt ye Drummers are to be ye first Division of
ye foot, march to be taken from Front to Rear & upon ye
last flank of ye first Division being struck the whole are to
move.
If any man falls Sick or Lame and is thereby unable to
walk, ye officer Comm'g ye Sub Division or platoon in
which he is, immediately to send Notice thereof to his Br.
G. or officer Comm'g ye Brigade to provide a Berth for him
in some Wagon under his care. As it is Impossible that
good Government & Order can be preserved until every
officer will take his share of Duty and be attentive to ye
Discharge of it, the Commander in Chief directs upon a
March — that Maj. Genls. do not quit their Divisions; Br. G.
their Brigades; Co? their Regts. nor other officers their
respective Divisions unless it be in case of an Absolute
Necessity, by order or with leave, each watching with a care-
ful eye ye Conduct of all those under his Command. It is
unreasonable to expect Regularity & Good Order in ye
Common Soldiers if ye example is not set by ye Officers.
Nor can ye officers with propriety punish a Soldier for a
Disregard of orders which he Dispenses with himself. It
would be a happy Prize and a most Laudible ambition to
see ye Company officers of each Com^ veying with each other
in Discipline and good behaviour.
As much irregularity in many instances was observed in
ye march yesterday, particularly with respect to ye Guards,
Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 15
Women and Wagons, the General further orders that the
following Regulations be observed —
Mrst, that when ye Baggage will accompany ye army &
form of ye time of march, No Regt. do allow more than 2
men as a Guard to each Wagon ; that these men must be
under the care of a Subalt" or Non Commissioned officer as
ye Corp'' or Comp^ officer of ye Regt may chuse as ye case
may require. That each Brigade to furnish a Capt" to
superintend those and when the Baggage of ye whole move
together each Division as aforesaid officers.
Second, that the 2 men assigned to each wagon shall
march on ye side, but as far back as ye Fall of each Wagon,
that if anything falls out, to be discovered and put it up
ao-ain. The Subalterans or ISTon Commissioned officers is to
be about the Centre of his Reg" wagons, ye Capt°' about
the same place of those of the Brigade and ye field officer
in that of ye Division.
Third, that no woman shall be permitted to ride in any
wagon, without leave in writing from their Brigadier to
whose Brigade they belong, and ye Brigadiers are requested
to be cautious in giving Leave to those who are able to walk.
Any woman found in a Wagon contrary to this Regulation
is to turn back, and be immediately turned out by ye Qr.
Mr. Gen^ or W. M. G., or any of their Assistants in ye Divi-
sion or Brigade to which the wagons appertain ; as also by
any one of the officers who command ye Baggage Guard. If
any interruption is given to the Executioner of this Order ye
Names & Reg' of the prisoner is to be reported to ye General.
Fourth, None but spare arms & such as belong to Sick &
Lame men shall be suffered to go in wagons, as they are
almost certain of Receiving some injury ; or if any Drum-
mer or Soldier presumes to put his Drum or arms into a
waaron, unless under similar circumstances that Soldier or
Drummer so offending shall be immediately flogged by ye
officer of ye company of ye Baggage Guard of such Wagons.
Fifth. To prevent ye enormous abuse and loss of Kettles
by slinging them to the wagons, from which numbers fall,
ye General orders that each Mess in turn carries their own
16 Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
Kettles, as is usual in all Armies, and can be little burden-
some. In this the Wagon Master Gen' is to be furnished
with a Copy of ye Orders of the March, or at least so much
of it as pertains to his Department by the Qr. Mr. Gen\
and in common would do well not to quit the Encampment
from where the Army is moving till he sees the Wagons in
motion and W. M. assigned to the different Brigades of
Wagons. On the march the D. W. Mrs. are, when they
have got their wagons on ye move, to see that the heads of
each wagon are close to the tail of another & that no stops
are made that can be possibly avoided, even to water horses,
unless at a general halt. They are not to stir from their
Brigade ; they are also to prevent Women from getting into
wagons, unless by license, as before mentioned ; nor are to
suffer idle and lazy men to do so, or others without orders
from ye officers Commd^ ye Brigade to which they are
annexed, as before mentioned.
In all marches they are to restrain ye Wagoners from de-
stroying fences, grain or grass, unless that appropriated by ye
Quarter M. Gen' or his Deputy under whom they act, that
restitution may be made to the owners. No officer or sol-
dier on any pretence whatever, to impress either horse or
wagon, but by ye order of ye Qr. Master Gen' or one of his
Deputys, or his Brigadier, unless he happens to be on a
separate Command, where such application cannot be made
and ye Service must suffer without. In this case a Cer-
tificate must be given specifying ye Service &c. Any im-
pressment contrary to this mode will bring Officers into
a disagreeable situation, and severe punishment to the
soldier.
That these Orders may be well known & duly attended to
the General directs that every officer & other persons con-
cerned provide themselves with copys of them as the plea
of ignorance will be altogether inadmissable.
Head Quarters July 6 1777,
Major General, — Stirling. Brigadier, — Woodford.
Field Officers, Colonel Stephens and Major Davis.
Orderly-Book of the Pennf<ylvan'ia State Regiment of Foot. 17
A Court of Inquiry to sit tomorrow morning at a certain
place near the Park of Artillery to inquire into the conduct
of the Artillery Officers whose Field pieces were lost in
the action of the 26th of June last. The Court is to con-
sist of five members, Colonel Brodhead, president — the
Court is appointed at the request of the officers.
The Commander in Chief has observed with concern,
notwithstanding the Order of June 1st last, requiring all
Officers of Corps not sick or on other duty, to attend the
Parade daily at the time of exercise to learn and perform
their Duty — yet there is very great neglect — he wishes it to
be impressed on the minds of every Officer that nothing
may be more hurtful to the Service than the neglect of
Discipline, for that Discipline more than numbers gives
one Army the superiority of another, he therefore requires
in the most possitive manner all Officers to attend Parades
and Exercises agreeable to the orders, and the Command-
ing Officers of Corps put under arrest who fails of an ex-
act observance of them. Whenever Corps and Brigades
assemble for Exercise every Officer is to take and keep his
proper post; such as have command directing those men
only who are under their immediate care and that in such
a manner as not to interfere with the orders of the Exer-
cising Officer. Those men who appear to be least ac-
quainted with exercise, are daily when off duty to be sent
to the Drill and particular care taken to instruct them and
effectually promote Military Discipline in the Army. The
Officers must set the example to the close attention to that
point, assemblying frequently each Corps by themselves
and learning with diligence the Manual Exercise and the
most useful manoeuvres, together with the Guest Salute,
already directed in General Orders. Such a practice can-
not fail of producing the best effects and nothing can
do the Officers more honour; they will know their own
duty and what they have a right to expect from all
who are under their command; and the men excited by
their example will eagerly embrace every opportunity to
improve.
18 Orderly -Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
G. 0. Head Quarters July 7, 1777,
Major General tomorrow, Lincoln ; Brigadier, Maxwell.
Field Officers, Colonel Martin Hall, Brig. Major, Wither-
spoon.
The General expects the strictest attention will be paid
to the order of the 20th of last month, for sizeing the men
and placing the shortest in the front. Unless this is done
the whole fire of the rear rank will most assuredly be lost,
especially if the files should happen, as is too often the case,
to be crowded together.
The Commander in Chief approves the following sentences
of a General Court Martial, held on 6th inst. of which Colo-
nel Walter Stewart was president — Jn" Halfpenny of 10th
Virginia Regt., charged with getting drunk, raising a riot,
and abusing his Officers. Two evidences appearing before
the Court, ordered him to be released from confinement.
It being injurious to the health of the Soldiers, on account
of the foulness of the waters, and inconsistent with decency,
for them to bathe in the mill pond by Howell's Mill, near
the highway leading from Head Quarters to the Court
House, that practice is forbidden, and the guard and sen-
tries posted near there are to arrest and confine all offenders.
The pay rolls of the several regiments and Corps for the
month of June to be made out immediately and lodged
with the Paymaster General.
Advertisement.
A case of pocket Surgical ware was lost the day the Army
marched from Middle Brook to Morristown. The finder
of them is desired to return them to the Surgeon of the
Second Virginia, and he shall be duly rewarded for his
trouble.
A servant boy about ten years old with a leathern cap.
Swan skin vest, a drab coloured Coat turned up with blue,
Oznabrig trousers, has been missing for some days. His
name is Jacob Cook ; he is supposed to be lurking about
the Camp. It is requested when found he may be sent to
Mr, Mackey's in Morristown.
Onhiiy-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 19
Colonel Morgan's Corps of Riflemen not being annexed
to any particular Brigade, are to draw provisions from the
Commissary, who may be nearest the place where they may
be stationed.
Brigade Orders.
Oflicers commanding regiments are requested to have all
tlieir men fit for duty under arms every morning for exer-
cise in going through their different manoeuvres. Particular
attention should be paid to their manner of Wheeling and
Marching. All wheels should be performed complete and
with life, and instead of the short step which the Troops in
general practice, they should be taught to throw their feet
well before them, which may be done with as much ease
and in as good time with the Musick, as the other method
is more graceful and gains ground faster.
The Ofllcers should make themselves acquainted with
the Salutes as pointed out in General Orders of 16th of
June last.
It is strongly recommended to the soldiery of General
Weedon's Brigade to have all their hair cut short by trim-
ming it close before thinning and cutting it behind so as to
leave it in a short curl or bob; it prevents vermin, keeps
their heads cool, and is much more convenient in rainy
weather ; it is also dressed with ease and looks more soldier-
like.
There being a great difference between the Regimental
returns of this and last week, has rendered it necessary to
give the Brigade Major possitive orders to receive no returns
for the differences arising between them, and the former are
not particularly accounted for; and as the Adjutant pleads
ill their excuse that the Officers do not account for any
differences arising in their companies returns ; ordered that
they may expect of no returns from the companies not
corresponding with the directions. Detail for Guard.
C. S. S. C. P^F. D.
0, 0, 1, 1, 15, 1. 1.
Adjutant for the day, Ruth.
20 Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
G. O. Head Quarters July 8, 1777.
Major General tomorrow, Greene; Brigadier, Muhlenberg.
Field Officers Major Weltner and Colonel Lewis; Brig.
Major, Swain.
The Court of which Colonel Brodhead was president, ap-
pointed to inquire into the conduct of the Artillery Officers,
viz. Captain Eustis and his officers, and Captain Archibald,
whose pieces were lost the 26th of last month, report
that having examined divers officers, whose names they
mention, relative thereto, they are of opinion that Captain
Huston and his officers behaved with becoming bravery and
good conduct during the whole action, and that the loss of
the field pieces was unavoidable, they being left in the rear,
unsupported; also that Captain Gibbs Jones and the officers
under his command behaved with becoming bravery and
good conduct during the whole action, and that the loss of
the piece commanded by Captain-Lieutenant Archibald was
inevitable, it being left in the rear unsupported.
The ground on which part of the Troops are encamped
may be less dry and healthy than others in the neighbor-
hood, the Major Generals are desired in such cases to shift
the encampments of their Divisions or such parts of them
as they shall judge necessary to preserve the health of the
Troops. Dewy and foggy mornings may be less favorable
to the health of the Soldiers than other parts of the day ;
commanding Officers of Corps will in such seasons postpone
turning out their men 'till the close or other part of the day
as they and their Surgeons shall find most expedient.
Canteens, hammocks and other camp essentials must be
very beneficial to the Troops, but unless more care may be
taken to preserve it will be impracticable to preserve them.
The Quarter Master General, therefore, in issuing those
articles will charge them to the respective Quarter Masters
of Regiments and Corps; these Quarter Masters to the
Captains or officer commanding companies, and they to
their men, each to account with the other in the order
preceding.
Captains and officers commanding companies are every
Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 21
Saturday to examine the Clothes, Arms, Accoutrements,
Ammunition and Camp utensils of their men, that if any
are missing and a good account of them cannot be rendered,
the person found deficient to be answerable for them.
In vain are orders given and repeated, if after one cursory
reading they are thrown aside and neglected — many orders
are entered for standing regulations and are of great im-
portance to be known and remembered — the Commander
in Chief therefore, in the strongest manner enjoins upon
all ofla.cers to examine the Orderly Book and frequently
review the Standing Orders, and also often cause to be read
to the men such as immediately respect them.
A return of tents in each Regiment to be made at four
o'clock this day post M. R. to the Quarter Master General
such regiments as have not received the horseman's tents
to apply to the Quarter Master General.
G. 0. Head Quarters July 9, 1777.
Parole — Warwick; Countersign, Warren Warfield.
Major General tomorrow, Stephen ; Brigadier, Wayne.
Field Officers, Colonel Hartley, Lieut. Colonel Febiger,
Brig. Major, Ryan.
In General Orders of 1st inst. returns of the sick in Camp
to be signed by the Surgeons of each Regiment were directed
to be made every Tuesday and Friday at 9 oclock A.M., to
the Surgeon General of the Army, which have not been
done, nor have returns of other kinds been regularly made
when demanded — such neglects are highly prejudicial to
the service. All persons are therefore enjoined to make
due returns in future, and who fails may depend on being
arrested.
The guards who are relieved daily are to send a Sergeant
or Corporal to the Grand Parade at 8 o'clock in the morning
to conduct the new Guard to their Posts.
General after Orders July 9, 1777.
A General Court Martial to sit tomorrow at the usual
place at 9 o'clock for the trial of such prisoners as shall be
22 Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
brought before it. Colonel Chambers is appointed presi-
dent of the Court.
Head Quarters, Morristown, July 10, 1777.
Major General tomorrow, Lord Stirling; Brigadier,
Weedon ; Brig. Major, Perry.
Every Brigade which has not furnished its quota of Pio-
neers to the Qr. Mr. General is to do it immediately and
have them sent to his quarters. General Wayne's brigade
to furnish 10 men, and General deHaes 10 men, such as are
fit for the purpose.
The tents of the whole Army are to be struck at gun
firing tomorrow morning and packed up ready for march-
ing with the utmost speed. The line of march to begin
afterwards as soon as possible. All Baggage Wagons,
those with tents excepted, are to move this afternoon
towards Bonamtown, to a place appointed by General
Mifflin, guards for which are to be supplied in the follow-
ing manner, viz. each Brigade to furnish 1 Captain, 2
Sub^ and 30 men ; each Division a field officer, that from
General Greene's to be Colonel Commandant. The women
are to march with the baggage. Two days provisions to
be cooked and ready this afternoon ; canteens to be filled
w^ith water before the march begins, as no soldier will be
allowed to quit the ranks on that account. The three
pickets, viz. on the Pompton, Chatham and Middle Brook
roads will quit their posts at gun fire tomorrow morning
and join their respective Corps without delay. All other
guards will attend to their dut}^ in their several depart-
ments, where they are placed until relieved, moving with
their charges respectively.
Brigade Orders, Morristown July 10, 1777.
The sick of each Regiment to be sent to the Hospital
tomorrow morning and every necessary preparation made
to march tomorrow morning at the alloted time; 1 sub-
altern officer to be left behind to superintend the sick of
their regiments, whose business it will be to bring up as
Ordet'ly-Booli of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 23
soon as thev are able to march and to see that they do not
suffer while in the Hospital. Two women of each Regi-
ment to remain with the sick respective Corps as Nurses.
Adjutant for tomorrow, Overton.
Regimental Orders, July 11, 1777.
The Quartermaster to draw three days provisions and
the Captains to see that their men immediately dress the
same, as there is a prospect of marching in the morning.
Those guns which want repairing must go immediately to
the Qr. Mr., having an order to get them put in repair.
The men are to be warned for guard in the evening and
they are not to turn out in the morning to exercise, but to
take care to have their guns in order, themselves well
shaved and powdered, otherwise they must be severely
punished.
Walter Stewart, Colonel.
Head Quarters Pompton Plains, July 11, 1777.
The Array to pitch their tents tonight and tomorrow
morning at the gun firing, if the weather is good, to stretch
them and prepare everything with the greatest dispatch for
a march. If it should rain, the tents standing to remain,
unless particular orders are given to the contrary. No
kind of baggage to be taken out of the wagons besides the
tents. Immediately after firing the morning gun the Gen-
eral to be beaten through the Line instead of the Reveille.
Two field pieces firing from the Park of Artillery to be the
signal for marching; the same order of march to be in
force.
Tomorrow each Division will station necessary guards
about their encampments — the separate column of baggage
to march under direction.
Head Quarters Pompton Plains, July 12, 1777.
Major General tomorrow, Stephen; Brigadier, Scott;
Field Officers, Scott ; Lieut. Colonel Nelson ; Brig. Major,
Johnston.
As the foul weather prevents the marching of the troops
24 Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
today, they are to draw two days provisions and cook them
immediately.
Complaints have been made to the Commander in Chief
that some soldiers have pulled down the fences to burn and
lay open the fields of the inhabitants, he enjoins it upon the
officers to use the utmost watchfulness and care to prevent
this prejudice, and whoever is found guilty of it shall be
severely punished. The same orders that were given last
evening are to determine and regulate the march tomorrow.
After Orders.
The morning gun will not be fired tomorrow morning.
As usual the tents are not to be struck 'till dry. The firing
of one field piece to be the signal to march, strike tents and
prepare to march ; two field pieces fired, to begin the march.
When the Army marches the Deputy Qr. Mr. Grl. and his
assistant from each Division are to go forward, the Qr. Mr.
Genl. to lay out the ground for encampment.
Head Quarters Pompton Plains, July 13, 1777.
Major General for tomorrow, Stirling; Brigadier, Con-
way.
Field Officers, Colonel Spotswood and Major Williams.
Brigade Major, Tarling.
The Commander in Chief approves the following sentences
of a General Court Martial held the 7th, 8th, and 9th inst.,
and orders that they be put in execution forthwith. Lieut.
Comans of the l'' Virginia Regm't. charged with messing
with the common soldiers and speaking disrespectful words
of the commanding officer of the Regiment, and with
carrying a soldier belonging to the 1*' Regt. away — The
Court having no evidence to prove the charge of speaking
disrespectful words of the commanding officer of the Reg',
cannot determine he is or is not guilty of that charge — they
are of opinion considering the peculiar circumstances of the
matter as to the messing with the common soldiers, related
by the prisoner, and having no evidence to prove it — he
should be reprimanded by the commanding officer of the
Orderly-Booh of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 25
Reg* to which he belongs, at the head of such Reg'. The
Court do excuse the prisoner for taking away a soldier
from his Reg', considering the bad state of health he was
in. Jno. Walker a Sergeant in Captain Jno. Steel's Inde-
pendent Company charged with absenting himself twelve
days from his company without leave plead guilty, but he
was returning to his company when taken up. Sentenced
to be reprimanded at the head of his company and one
months pay to be stopped from him. Anthony Asket,
charged with the same crime as Walker, belonging to Cap'
Steel's Independent Company as above. Jno. Grant of the
24th Yirginia Reg' charged with sleeping on his post, plead
guilty. Sentenced to receive 25 lashes on his back, but it
appearing in evidence that he was a good, orderly, well be-
haved soldier, and was probably unwell when he was a
sentry, the Commander in Chief remits his punishment.
Lieut. Samuel Smith of the 8th Penna. Regt. charged with
uno;enteel behaviour in the Regt. and disobedience of orders,
not attending the Parade as constantly at morning times as
he ought to have done, and sentenced to be severely repri-
manded in General Orders, the Commander in Chief is ex-
tremely sorry that an officer of whom it is testified that in
posts of danger he behaved with prudence and spirit, should
be guilty of neglect of discipline which is so essential to
form the good soldier. Neglect contrary to orders highly
injurious to the service and disgraceful to the subject of it
— Neglect for which neither prudence nor bravery can com-
pensate it, which if persisted in will be an etfectual bar to
promotion.
Jno. Dougherty, of the Artillery, charged with stabbing
Lieut. Carrington of the 7"" Virginia Reg' — the Court
having considered the charge and evidence, are of the
opinion that the prisoner is guilty of the charge, and are
likewise of the opinion that if the prisoner is guilty of the
charge against him, he was justifiable in doing it as he acted
in the way of his duty.
As the weather was bad and the ground wet, the general
orders a gill of Rum to be issued to each man immediately —
26 Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
From intelligence lately received the General informs
the Army that it is possible the next move of the Army
may be towards the Delaware, but desires that no steps may
be taken towards it 'till further orders.
Thomas Frederick Esq. was on the 1st inst. appointed
Brigade Major to Brigadier Glover — to be respected and
obeyed as such,
Roger Alden Esq. is appointed Brigade Major to Brig.
General Huntington, to be respected and obeyed as such.
Head Quarters, July 14, 1777.
Major General for tomorrow, Greene; Brigadier, Max-
well.
Field Officers Colonel Matthews, Major [torn], Brig.
Major, Witherspoon.
Each Major General will order the Guard necessary for
the security of his Division. The Quarter Master General
with his Deputies will mark out the ground for the Encamp-
ment of each Division tomorrow, as the Army -will arrive at
its ground early in the day. As soon as the men are settled
in their quarters, the officers are to critically inspect their
arms and accoutrements, and have them put in the best
order possible. The Commander in Chief was surprised
this day to see the bad condition of many arms, they
being not only unfit for fire, but very rusty, which latter is
in the power of every man to prevent, and the neglect of it
must arise from an inexcusable inattention of the orders.
The tents are to be struck tomorrow morning at gun fire,
which will be at the usual time, and the whole Army to get
ready to march at 5 o'clock. One field piece is to be fired
and then the march is to begin, and as the baggage of each
Brigade wnll join its Brigade tonight, it is to follow close
after it tomorrow. The whole Arm}- to march from the left
in half platoons, the Brigades following each other in order
observed this day, saving that the baggage, as before
directed, will immediately follow the Brigade it belongs to.
As the distance is not great, no part of the Army is to halt
'till it arrives at the ground of encamping. If it should
Oi'derly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 27
rain tomorrow morniug the Army is to remain in the
present encampment. On a march, neither officers or
soldiers are to pay a salute or pull oti' his hat to the Com-
mander in Chief or any other officer passing by.
G. O. Head Quarters, The Clove, July 15, 1777.
Major General tomorrow, Stephen ; Brigadier, Muhlen-
berg.
Field Officers, Col. Lawsou, Major Murray, and Brigade
Major, Swain.
It was yesterday directed in General Orders that neither
officers or soldiers should pay a salute or pull off their hats
to the Commander in Chief or other officers passing by,
and the total disregard of this order is a proof of how little
pains officers take to acquaint either themselves or men
with the Orders of the Day. Other orders issued this in-
stant respecting the march of the Army are also neglected
in instances which came directly under the observation of
the Commander in Chief, which cannot be presumed to
arise from any other cause than ignorance of these orders.
For the future, therefore, all officers are each day to make
themselves acquainted with the orders of it, and with re-
spect to the orders of 14*'' inst., the Commander in Chief
directs that the Brigadiers do as soon as possible call to-
gether all the officers commanding Corps in their respective
Brigades and read to them those orders ; and the command-
ing officers of Corps are likewise required to assemble all
the officers in their respective Corps, and read to them the
same orders, and all who are not already provided are forth-
with to furnish themselves with copies of them and still
more effectually to execute those orders.
Each Brigade is to appoint a field officer to attend his
Brigade and particularly of the wagons belonging to it,
whose business it shall be to ride backwards and forwards
along the line to see the march conducted with propriety
and agreeable to orders. Advantages to be taken of the
present halt to get the horses shod and the wagons repaired ;
— no delay is to be made in this matter, as it is very uucer-
28 Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
tain bow soon the Army may move. Again and for the
same reason, all officers and soldiers are to keep near their
quarters, and on no pretence to ramble about the country
without leave — officers from their Brigadiers, soldiers from
their Colonels or officers commanding their Regiments.
All wagons are to join their respective Brigades, and get
proper orders for marching, and when the Army moves again
the officers and Wagon Masters are to see that they are more
equally loaded than they have been ; and when any men
fall sick on the march, they are not to be put in the heavily
loaded baggage wagons, but left to be taken up by the
empty wagons which follow in the rear for that end.
The commanding officers of Corps are immediately to
make returns to the Adjutant General of the clothing most
wanted in their respective Corps. As the quantity of cloth-
ing to be distributed is not great, the Commander in Chief
most earnestly desires that officers will make returns for no
more than is indispensably necessary for them.
Each Brigade to furnish men for cutting wood, to parade
tomorrow morning at 8 o'clock in front of Tavern.
D. 0. The Brigades in Gen. Greene's division are to
furnish by daily relay 1 Sergeant, 1 Corporal, 12 privates
as guard for the General's baggage, and this guard is ex-
pected when circumstances will admit of it, to be regularly
returned, for a neglect of which no excuse will or can be
admitted.
Head Quarters, July 15, 1777.
After Orders. The Commander in Chief expects that all
officers will make it their business to see that the Orders
issued respecting the destruction of property of the inhab-
itants are particularly attended to at all times.
Head Quarters, July 16, 1777.
Major General tomorrow, Stirling, Brigadier Wayne.
Field Officers, Colonel Spencer, Lieut. Col. Parker of
Gen. Weedon's Brigade, and Brig. Major, Ryan.
The General Court Martial whereof Col. Chambers was
president is dissolved.
Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 29
A General Court Martial is to sit at 10 o'clock this fore-
noon near Gen. Maxwell's quarters for the trial of such
prisoners as are brought before it. Col. Shreeve is appointed
president of the Court.
G. 0. Head Quarters, Clove, July 17, 1777.
Major General tomorrow, Greene; Brigadier Weedon.
Field Officers Lieut. Col. Willis, Major Hay, Brig. Major,
Piers.
Some disputes having arisen between Col. Hamilton and
Col. Johnston respecting seniority, the General Officers are
to meet at some place to be appointed by Major Gen. Greene,
at 5 o'clock this afternoon, and after hearing the pretensions
of both these officers and enquiring minutely into the matter,
to report the case and their opinions thereon to the Com-
mander in Chief. The frequent discharging of pieces, in
order to clean them and keep them in order, occasions the
waste of ammunition — the General orders in very pointed
and positive terms, that no musket shall be loaded with car-
tridges until we are close to the enemy and there is a moral
certainty of engaging them. The Quarter Master of each
Regiment is to draw a small quantity of powder, ball and
wadding to furnish the Guards from his Regiment, who are
to load with loose Powder and running ball when they
mount guard, and this the officers of those guards are in-
variably to have drawn and return to the Regimental Quar-
ter Master before their dismission from the parade, after
being relieved. The practice of this kind particularly ad-
hered to will not only be a great saving of ammunition, but
the means of preserving the arms, for nothing is so hurtful
to the barrel as lying loaded, especially in damp weather.
About 80 tents have arrived in Camp and such as are
destitute of them may now be supplied therewith. But
previous to the delivery of them, returns must be made
from the Quarter Masters of each Brigade of the number of
men in each Corps belonging to the Brigade and the num-
ber of Tents now in their possession.
The Adjutant General in issuing orders for the delivery
30 Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania Slate Regimenit of Foot.
of clothes is to compare the returns made to the command-
ing officers of Corps of their wants with their Clothiers
accounts, as far as he can come at them, and see to the utmost
of their power that equal justice be done in the distribution
of them.
Advertisement.
Found a Red Morocco Leather Case containing Colonel
Hartshorn's Commission and sundry other papers. The
owner may have it by applying to Captain Sergeant at the
Park of Artillery.
Tomorrow at Troop beating, the Quarter Master General
is to have the road through the Clove to New Windsor
reconnoitred and all proper places for halting and encamp-
ing, with the distances from hence noted, and reported to
the Commander in Chief, and to do the like on the road to
King's Ferry. A field officer, two captains, 4 sergeants and
100 rank and file to be paraded at daylight tomorrow morn-
ing on the Grand Parade, with two days provision in a light
wagon. The commanding officer will receive his orders
from the Adjutant General.
A subaltern and 12 light horse will parade at the same
time and apply to the Adjutant General for orders.
Doctor Cochran is to inspect the state of the sick and their
condition, and will give such orders respecting them as shall
appear proper.
Each Brigade to furnish a good Blacksmith to parade
tomorrow at 10 o'clock before Lord Stirling's quarters at
Suffern's Tavern.
The Quarter Masters of those Regiments for clothing re-
turns have been made, and to apply to the Deputy Clothier
General tomorrow at Baldon's mills, about a mile from
Head Quarters, on the road to Pompton. The detachment
to be commanded by Major Miches.
Head Quarters, The Clove, July 18, 1777.
Major General tomorrow, Stephen; Brigadier, Woodford.
Field Officers, Lieut. Col. Farmer, Major North, and Brig.
Major, Day.
Orderly-Booh of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 31
The Commander in Chief approves the following sen-
tences of a General Court Martial held 16 inst., whereof
Col. Shreeve was president, and orders that there be no
delay in putting them into execution. Levi Springer of the
4th North Carolina B. T. in Capt. Nelson's company, charged
with desertion from the 4th Regiment and enlisting with
Capt. Sims of the 10 Regiment— found guilty and sentenced
to 50 lashes on his bare back, and to serve out his time with
Capt. Nelson, and the bounty he received from Capt. Sims
be returned to him.
Joshua Hunter of the 1st Virginia Regiment, charged
with desertion, found guilty and sentenced to receive 50
lashes on his bare back.
Eegimental Orders, July 18, 1777.
A Regimental Court Martial will sit this morning.
The Officers in the future will when manoeuvring pay
greater attention to the beats of the drum, and take care
that their men do the same. When they are to face to the
right, the drum will beat one stroke and a flam ; to the left,
two strokes and a flam, the right about three strokes and a
flam, and the left about four strokes and a flam.
The Regiment is to be paraded every morning at 6 o'clock,
and in the evening to manoeuvre till further orders.
Walter Stewart, Colonel.
Head Quarters July 21, 1777.
Major General, Thompson ; Brigadier General, Muhlen-
berg. Brigade Major, Green.
The AVagon Masters are to see that their horses feed as
much with grass this day and save what grain they have and
Dry Forage. The Wagoners to stay by their wagons and
horses to prevent their doing any damage to the corn, flax
&c. If such things are damaged by their negligence they
will be severely punished. The Quarter Master General is
immediately to inspect the oats and take the most eftectual
measures to prevent their taking any damage. Everything
is to be in readiness to march tomorrow morning. The
3
32 Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
General is informed that some of the Troops are without
provisions — they are to draw them today for tomorrow.
Regimental Orders, July 21, 1777.
The Adjutant is to make an immediate return of the Offi-
cers present belonging to the Regiment, and a list of those
absent, where stationed and on what duty.
It is His Excellency's pleasure that Mr. Thomas Jones
formerly a Lieutenant in this Regiment immediately with-
draw from Camp, and that he does not in the future look
upon himself as an officer belonging to the United States,
unless he receives a new commission therefor.
It is ray express orders for the future, no Camp kettles
are carried in the wagons, and the officers who break
through this order may depend upon being taken notice of
in a very severe manner. The Officers for the future will
take notice that no man must be allowed [torn] on a march
to be out of the ranks, except the Field Officers and Cap-
tain's waiters, and they must turn out every afternoon at
roll call the same as the rest. Only two waiters are allowed
to each company.
Walter Stewart, Col.
Head Quarters, The Clove, July 23, 1777.
Major General . . . Brig. General . . .
Field Officers, Lieut. Col. Parker ; Brig. Major, Pierce.
The march of the Army, whenever it begins, will be
made with the utmost despatch ; this renders it indispen-
sably necessary to divest it of as much baggage as possible.
Each Brigadier, therefore, immediately to cause certain
wagons to be prepared for the tents of his Brigade, and
when orders are given to march, they are to suffer nothing
to be put in those wagons but the tents, and see that they
are not heavy laden even with them. And the more to
facilitate the march of the Army, the Commissaries are to
leave no means untried to procure a supply of hard Bread
to be reserved for the march. And when the Army moves
they are to go forward and get the provision ready to be
delivered the moment the Army halts. The Quarter Master
Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 33
General will have ready a proper number of empty wagons
to follow each Brigade to take up the sick and lame. The
rest of the baggage is to be left under the care of small
guards, to follow on after the Army accompanied by the
women, none of whom are to be suffered to go with the
Troops. The Army is to be put and kept in readiness to
march on the shortest notice.
Ramapo, July 24, 1777.
D. 0. There are great complaints of the horses of my
Division being turned into the inhabitants' meadows with-
out any orders for so doing by the Quarter Master General
or any of his deputies, and that the horses are beating down
the grass to the injury of the owners of the plantations.
All the Artillery horses are to be immediately taken out of
the meadows and grass cut for the cattle. The officers are
also desired to take their horses out of the meadows, if they
have any out. The Brigadiers are desired to see this order
immediately executed, as the complaint comes through His
Excellency.
The commanding officers of Regiments in my Division
are desired to have vaults dug as soon as possible after
encamping, and the Soldiers are strictly forbid going into
the fields of grain adjoining the road to do . . . , a stench
arises from such places extremely offensive to the Camp and
the passengers on those roads. This is to be a Standing
Order and to be observed accordingly.
Nathanael Greene, Major General
Near Coryell's Ferry, July 28, 1777.
Brigade Orders. — The Brigade is to march tomorrow
morning at four o'clock. If it should not rain at that time
-the General to beat at half after three ; the Assembly at
half an hour after, and the whole to march off in foot
march today exactly at the time before mentioned. To pre-
vent any confusion as to the men forming in their Regi-
ments there is no drum to beat but those before mentioned.
All the troops will follow on the beating of the Assembly.
34 Orderly-Booh of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
Camp Coryell's Ferry, July 29, 1777.
General Orders. — The troops are to put their arms in the
best order the nature or situation will admit, and to be
ready to march at short notice; to be provided with two
days' provisions; such as choose hard bread instead of flour
may be furnished by an order of the Commissary for that
purpose, who is directed to issue out Salt provisions this
drawing and to order up peas for the use of the Brigades.
The Regimental Quarter Masters are to see that all men
are furnished with clean dry straw for their troops. . . .
Q-. 0. Camp near Coryell's Ferry, July 29, 1777.
The Commander in Chief has reason to believe that it
has been owing to the carelessness and inattention of the
"Wagon Masters in not seeing that the horses are properly
fed and managed that such great numbers have foundered
and died — they may be dismissed from the service for this
neglect of duty, and also merely contenting themselves with
directing the wagons.
Regimental Orders, July 30, 1777.
As we have now a good opportunity for washing the
dirty clothes belonging to the Regiment, the Colonel expects
no time will be lost in doing the same, as an examination
of the arms and men will be made with great strictness
tomorrow morning at Troop Beating.
The Regiment is to be paraded this afternoon at 5 o'clock
to attend Divine service.
The men will be careful not [torn] the heat of the day, as
it is productive of Fever and Ague, but defer it until Sun-
down.
"Walter Stewart, Colonel.
D. 0. J"ly 30, 1777.
The commanding Officers of Regiments in General Muh-
lenberg's and Weedon's Brigades are immediately to ex-
amine into the state of their men's arms and ammunition,
and have those who are deficient in the latter supplied with-
out delay — the arms to be clean and in good order. It is
Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 35
expected that particular attention will be paid to these
orders.
D. 0. July 31, 1777.
Assembly to beat at half after five in the morning — to
march exactly at 6 o'clock. Before the march begins the Bag-
gage Guard to parade as small as possible and those that are
appointed for that duty must be such soldiers as are unfit
for service. Such soldiers as are incapable of marching in
the line are to be left under the care of a subaltern ofl3.cer
of the Regiment to which they belong. A Field Ofiicer to
be appointed for each Brigade to take charge of the whole.
All the invalids to march in the rear of the baggage of the
whole Division. Col. Abbot is directed to furnish wagons
to take up such as fall sick upon the road. The troops in
the line are to march in good order by platoons and none
allowed to straggle. The invalids are also to be kept to-
gether and march by files. The order of march as hereto-
fore will take the route to Germantown.
B. 0. The ofiicers of Gen. "Weedon's Brigade are par-
ticularly directed when posted in the different platoons,
except in cases of the utmost necessity not to leave them or
suflfer any soldier to do it.
Lieut. Col. Buford Field Ofiicer for the day; and Field
Officer of the day, for tomorrow, Lieut. Col. Kendrick.
Eegimental Orders, Cross Egads, August 1, 1777.
It is extremely disagreeable for the Colonel to refuse those
Officers who desire to absent themselves from the Regiment
— he must therefore inform them he has received positive
orders not to permit it, and requests that they will not
put him to the trouble of refusing them.
The Officers will be very careful not to leave their posi-
tions, as they must be confident the soldiers will follow
their example, which is attended with the most disagreeable
circumstances to the inhabitants.
Walter Stewart, Colonel.
36 Orderly-Booh of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
Head Quarters, August 1, 1777.
Bj Express from His Excellency received a few hours
past, the General is directed to acquaint the officers and
soldiers that they are not to go into the City of Philadelphia
without a permit from a General Officer. Any officer that
disobeys will be arrested, and any soldier that attempts to
go without leave will be severely punished. All the Gen-
eral Officers are requested not to grant permission to any
person unless it be to execute business of real necessity.
The commanding officers of Regiments are directed to
make out returns immediately of the arms out of repair in
their Regiments and the number wanted to furnish every
man fit for duty. The arms in each Regiment in want of
repair, to be cleaned and put in the best order for action.
None of the arms of the guards to be loaded until further
orders. All the arms that are loaded in each Regiment to
be drawn at some proper place under the direction of the
commanding officer of the Regiment or one of the Field
Officers, and discharged all at once, and the General desires
the officers of each company to see that the men do not load
for the sake of firing, such a wanton waste of ammunition
cannot be justified.
The Quarter Masters of each Regiment are directed to
see that the men are provided with wood for cooking — the
Quarter Master General of each Brigade will direct the
Regimental Quarter Masters where to cut wood — no fences
are to be burned on an}^ account. All the officers of every
rank are to protect the inhabitants from personal insults
and their property from being plundered.
Field Officer for tomorrow for the Brigade, Major
Nichols; Adjutant for the Day, Fowke.
Head Quarters, Germantown, August 2, 1777.
Major General Greene orders the troops to be imme-
diately furnished with two days' provisions and hold them-
selves in readiness to march at a moment's warning. The
tents to be immediately separated from all other baggage —
no officer or soldier to be absent from camp on any account,
Orderly-Booh of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 37
and the General expects particular attention will be paid to
these orders.
The returns called for in yesterday's orders to be made
forthwith. The commanding officers of each Regiment to
appoint an officer to prepare such clothing as the men are
in want of without delay.
Nathanael Greene,
3Iajor GeneraL
Regimental Orders, August 4, 1777.
The Captains are to make out a return of the guns in
their different companies, that application be made to the
General for them. The Officers will be careful to examine
the arms of the men every day when they come on the
parade and see that they keep them in exceeding good
order.
Walter Stewart, Colonel.
Head Quarters, Eoxborough, August 4, 1777.
In the present marching state of the Army every encum-
brance proves greatly prejudicial to the service, the multi-
tude of women in particular, especially those who are
pregnant or have children are a clog upon every movement.
The Commander in Chief therefore, earnestly recommends
it to the officers commanding Brigades and Corps to use
every reasonable method in their power to get rid of all
such as are not absolutely necessary, and the admission or
continuance of any who shall or may have come to the
Army since its arrival in Pennsylvania is positively forbid-
den—to which point the officers will give particular atten-
tion.
Pay Rolls for the month of July are to be made out
immediately and lodged with the Paymaster General for
examination. The officers commanding Corps will be an-
swerable for the execution of this order.
A General Court Martial will sit tomorrow at 9 o'clock
in the morning near Judge Laurens's Quarters by Schuyl-
kill Falls, for the trial of all such prisoners as shall be
38 Orderly-Booh of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
brought before them. Col. James Wood is appointed Pres-
ident of this Court.
The Regimental Surgeons are to send all their sick to the
General Hospital in Philadelphia.
Camp at Germantown, August 5, 1777.
B. 0. Officers commanding companies to have their
Muster Rolls ready by tomorrow morning when the Mus-
ter Master is to attend to muster the men. A return of
arms and accoutrements wanting to complete each Regi-
ment, to be given to the Major of Brigade as soon as
possible.
The Troops are not allowed to cut down any wood in the
front of the Camp — The Regimental Quarter Masters to see
that wood is brought for their men to cook with.
Eegimental Orders, August 6, 1777.
The Camp Color men immediately to throw one foot of
dirt into the vaults, and to take care that the same is per-
formed every day, and if any man attempt to ... in any
place about the Camp except at these vaults, on being caught,
he will receive immediately twenty lashes.
The Drum Major is to take care of the Drum practice,
at least four hours each day, and the Fife Major to observe
the same.
The Regiment during our stay here to parade morning
and evening at 5 o'clock for exercise.
Walter Stewart, Cohnel.
T). 0. Germantown, August 6, 1777.
A Fatigue Party to be immediately appointed from Gen.
Muhlenberg and Gen. Weedon's Brigades, to consist of one
Captain, one Subaltern, two Sergeants, two Corporals and
forty privates from each Brigade, to be employed in burying
all the filth in and around the Encampment. All the Camp
Color men in each Brigade to be immediately set to work in
filling up the old vaults, and digging new ones. All the filth
around the environs ... to be taken up and buried. The
Orderly-Booh of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 39
commanding officer of the Fatigue Party is desired to be very
faithful in cleaning the Camp. There is such a stench arises
from every side of it now as to threaten the passers by with
an immediate pestilence.
Gen. Muhlenberg and Gen. "VVeedon are desired to ap-
point an officer from each Brigade to examine such pro-
visions as officers refuse to take, that justice may be done to
the Continent and to the Soldiers; the names of the persons
to be sent to the Commissaries of the Division and inserted
in the Brigade Orders, that the officers may know who to
apply to when any dispute happens. The General desires
the troops may be exercised twice a day, morning and even-
ing, during their stay here.
N. Greene, Major General.
B. 0. August 6, 1777.
Lieut. Stubblefield of the Sixth Eegiment is appointed
to inspect the quality of such provisions as may be refused
by any regiment in Gen. Weedon's Brigade. The Quarter
Master of said regiment is directed to inform the Division
and Brigade Commissary of it, to prevent the great irregu-
larity in [torn] the necessary duties of the camp. The
Drummers of each Regiment are to meet at the hours
appointed for the troop, retreat and tattoo, in those Brigades
from which they are struck off, moving to the right and left
of the Brigade and then returning to the centre, where they
are to dismiss. The Drum and Fife Majors are to take the
command of the whole Brigade, by a daily rotation, begin-
ning with those on the right of the line. It being highly
improper for any drums to beat after Retreat, that practice
is positively forbid. Should any Regiment happen to be
exercising after that time, they are to march by the fife
only.
Officers commanding the Regiments in the Second Bri-
gade are desired to consider it as a Standing Rule, that
whenever the Brigade is to encamp for a longer time than
one night the Camp Color men are detailed for the care of
the vaults of the encampment, and any soldier who may be
40 Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
found throwing any meat or . . . elsewhere than in those
places, is to be immediately punished.
It is with concern the General observes that so little
attention is paid to the General Orders issued at Morris-
town the 6th July, respecting that part of them which par-
ticularly relates to soldiers, being read to them. If a soldier
is caught destroying the property of the inhabitants he
immediately excuses himself by declaring he did not know
it was forbidden. As it would give him the utmost pleasure
to see the strict observance of duty, and orders from the
Line of every officer's conduct in his Brigade — he earnestly
requests and recommends to them a particular attention to
these points.
Head Quarters near Germantown, August 6, 1777.
A Board of General Officers consisting of the Major and
Brigadier Generals in Camp is to sit tomorrow at 10
o'clock in the forenoon at General Stephen's Quarters,
at Dr. Smith's house near Schuylkill Falls, to make inquiry
why the Pay Abstracts are not regularly made out and
lodged with the Paymaster General according to orders.
The Pay Abstracts of every Regiment and Corps in the
army for the month of July, and any time preceding that
month, for which they have not been made out, are to be
delivered to the Paymaster General by Monday next. The
officers commanding Regiments and Corps will be answer-
able for the execution of this order ; and every officer who
does not deliver in his Abstracts punctually by the time
assigned, may depend on being arrested and tried for dis-
obedience of orders. Unless there are reasons which may
render it impracticable to any to make out and deliver their
Abstracts, by that time — in that case they are to appear
tomorrow and lay those reasons before the above mentioned
Board of General Officers — if they do not, it will be taken
for granted that no such reasons exist.
J. Ward Esq., Commissary General of Musters, will
attend the same Board to assign the reasons why the Regi-
ments and Corps of the Army have not been now generally
Orderly- Booh of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 41
mustered. The Regimental Paymasters are immediately
to apply for warrants to receive pay for the several Corps
for the month of June.
As the time is uncertain Avhen the army will march — it
may be very soon and sudden — all officers and soldiers are
to keep near their quarters; and such officers as had leave
to go to Philadelphia are to return, and none are permitted
to go thither but upon real necessity business, which being
finished they are immediately to rejoin their respective
Corps.
When the army moves it will be possibly necessary that
it march with the utmost celerity ; the tents therefore, agree-
ably to former orders are to be lodged in the wagons by
themselves and in such manner that they may without diffi-
culty keep up with the troops — for the same reason the
officers will take with them only a few articles of clothing,
such as shall be indispensable, leaving the bulk of their
baa-ocao-e to be brought after them, and in order to facilitate
the march the Quarter Master General is to provide so
many wagons as shall be necessary to carry the men's packs,
but those packs are not to be suffered to be loaded with
useless trumpery — as from the sizes of many of them there
is great reason to suppose is now the case, and the officers
are to see that they are not, for which purpose the Com-
mander in Chief most earnestly desires and expects that
the officers particularly inspect the packs of their men, and
select only such articles as are necessary and useful — all
the rest, each man's being rolled by itself, is to be collected
by the Quarter Masters of regiments and by them deposited
in proper places, to be provided by the Quarter Master
General.
Pursuant to the Resolve of Congress of July IGth last,
the officers commanding Regiments and Corps are directed
that in case they have any Sergeants, Corporals, Drummers
or Private Men deemed incapable of doing field duty, such
men should be examined by the Doctor General of the Hos-
pital or some other physician or surgeon, and if judged fit
for garrison duty they are not to be discharged, but trans-
42 Orderly-Booh of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
ferred to the Invalid Corps and sent to Philadelphia as soon
as possible. Men having only one leg or one arm each, if
otherwise capable of doing garrison duty, are to be deemed
proper recruits for this Corps.
G. O, Head Quarters, August 7, 1777.
The Wagoners with the heavy baggage of all the Brigades
are immediately to proceed to Coryell's Ferry and cross, and
wait on the other side for further orders. Each Brigade is
to send a small guard with their own wagons under proper
officers — the whole to be under the command of a Field
Officer.
The wagons are to move in the following order — those of
Lord Stirling's Division first. General Lincoln and General
Stephen's next ; General Greene's last. The Boats are also
to move at the same time. The Forage Master General will
take care that forage is provided for the horses on the march
and at the Ferry.
The troops of the whole line are to be in readiness to be
reviewed tomorrow morning at 5 o'clock, when it is ex-
pected that every officer and soldier not on other duty and
able will attend. The troops are to be drawn up on their
respective Brigade parades.
It is expected that the "Wagoners and w^agon teams which
will remain in camp, will all be in their proper places, that
an inspection may be had into their condition — this the
Wagon Master General will comply with.
Brigade Orders.
The usual guards, viz. two men to a wagon from each
Regiment to attend their Brigade, Colonel Stewart to fur-
nish one Captain, and Colonel Stephens a Subaltern, to take
care of the whole baggage of the Brigade.
G. 0. RoxBOROUGH, August 7, 1777.
At a General Court Martial held the 18th and 19th
days of July last the following soldiers were tried and ac-
quited: William Foster and Adam Brooker of the 10th
Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 43
Virginia Regiment. At the same Court Martial the fol-
lowing soldiers were tried for various crimes and found
guilty : James McAllister, James Scott, Daniel McCay,
James Montgomery, and John Montgomery of Colonel
Stewart's regiment, and many more of different Brig'ades.
The Commander in Chief, grieved at the number of of-
fenders, but ever desirous of showing Mercy, where it is not
incompatible with the publick good, and hoping that his
clemency will, hereafter, have a happy tendency to reclaim
the guilt}', is pleased to grant a general pardon, and the
offenders convicted as aforesaid are declared hereby to be
pardoned.
The following sentences of the same Court are approved
by the Commander in Chief: Captain Tresbach of Colonel
Armand's Corps charged first, with absenting himself with-
out leave; second, when being ordered to join his Corps,
when under arms, answered he had time enough and
declined doing it; third, when being put under arrest made
use of bad language and treated his Colonel in a manner
unbecoming an officer ; fourth, when the Corps was ordered
to march to Amboy he uttered discontents loudly before the
soldiers and wanted to know why they were returning to
Amboy. Acquited of the first charge, but found guilty of
all the other charges, and sentenced to be reprimanded in
General Orders, and to ask pardon of Colonel Armand in
the presence of the officers of his Corps. The Commander
in Chief wishes all officers to be impressed with this truth,
that nothing is more essential than subordination and ready
obedience to the commands of superior officers, and that
it is this which gives life and vigor to an army ; that the
contrary conduct must clog and impede every movement
and excite a spirit of discontent, disobedience and licen-
ciousness amongst the troops ; that in this view Captain
Tresbach's conduct must be deemed highly criminal and of
a dangerous tendency.
Captain Berry, Lieut. Myres, and Ensign "Westfall, of
the 9th Virginia Regiment; Captain Brant, and Lieut.
Smith, of the 4th Virginia Regiment, charged severally
44 Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
with neglect of duty, in not having their men's arms in
good order and with disobedience of orders relating thereto,
found guilty.
Eegimental Orders, August 7, 1777.
As a General Review is ordered tomorrow mornino: at 5
o'clock, Colonel Stewart flatters himself his Regiment will
acquit themselves with honor to him and pleasure to the
General. In order to do this the officers and men must
appear clean and decent upon the parade, and he desires
each Captain and officers commanding companies to see
that all the men fit for duty are turned out on the parade at
that hour. "We are known to be a strong regiment, and
likewise known to have been long in the service, it is there-
fore, incumbent on the officers to pay particular attention
for their own sakes, as well as the Colonel's, to this
order.
As the men will be paid off this afternoon, the officers
will be careful that no quarrels take place between my men
and the Virginians who are Brigaded with them. Any man
attempting such a thing will be severely punished. We are
all brother soldiers in the service, and it is our duty to sup-
port each other, not to quarrel among ourselves — they are
soldiers who will support us in action, and it is horrid that
intestine quarrels should arise between Pennsylvania and
them.
As the men are to be paid off this afternoon they are
excused from turning out until Retreat beating.
Walter Steavart, Colonel.
Orders of Review.
The men are to parade on the open ground on the left of
the Encarppment, to front as the tents are now pitched, the
Captains and subalterns to dress in a line from right to left,
four paces in front of the men ; the Colonel on foot ad-
vanced six paces in front of the officers ; the Lieut. Colonel
three paces in the rear of the Colonel and the Majors only
on horseback in a line with the Lieut. Colonel.
When the General comes in front of the Brio^ade the
L-»fa
Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 45
Exercising Officer will give a signal for salutes by dropping
his sword, at which time the Drums are to beat, and the
Officers as the General passes along towards the right to
salute in the manner directed by His Excellency the 16th of
June, viz. the Captains and subalterns standing with their
Fusees over their left arms, are to bring them to an order and
take off their hats, carefully bring their arms down close to
their left until the General passes, w^hen they return to their
former position. The Field Officers are to salute by drop-
ping the points of their swords, which are to be drawn.
All the officers and soldiers are to face as the General goes
round the flanks of the Brigades, and when he comes again
in the centre of the front, a General Salute is to be per-
formed by a signal as before. The Artillery to be upon
the right and left of the Brigades, and the officers to salute
in the same manner with the Captains and subalterns of
the regiments in the Brigade.
Eegimental Orders, August 8, 1777.
The Sergeants of the different companies will take care
in the future to assemble their men in the different streets,
and the Captains or officers commanding companies will
see that their men are all present or be able to account for
them when demanded on the regimental parade.
A Regimental Court Martial to sit tomorrow morning
at 9 o'clock to try such prisoners as are in the Guard-
house.
Walter Stewart, Colonel.
Head Quarters Roxborough, August 9, 1777.
The Army is to move slowly to Coryell's Ferry and cross
the river, the march to begin tomorrow morning, as soon
as possible, if it should not rain. All absent officers not
upon actual duty to be ordered to join their respective
Corps immediately. The commanding officers of Regi-
ments to give in the names of all such absentees to his Brig-
adier or officer commanding the Brigade, who is to lose no
time in issuing his orders for this purpose. All possible
46 Orderly-Booh of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
pains are to be taken to get the men of each Regiment to
it. The Wagon Master General and all those acting in the
Department under him are to govern themselves agreeable
to the Rules and Regulations of the Army conformable to
all General Orders, Division and Brigade orders, in the
Divisions and Brigades to which they belong, and those
attached to Brigades to be subject to the verbal orders of
the field officers of the Brigade appointed to the charge and
direction of the line of march for the day. For every of-
fence they are to be confined to their Quarters and tried by
such Court Martials as shall be appointed to hear and
determine the same. If any officer in the Department,
either on march or in Camp, shall neglect his Duty, com-
plaint is to be made to the Field Officer superintending the
line of march for the day or to the Brigadier or Major
General of the Brigade or Division, either of whom may
order the person to confine himself to his Quarters as above.
This provision being made to keep the Wagon Masters to
their duty, every officer is positively forbidden to put any
of them under guard or in the Provost, and their doing it
will assuredly subject them to be tried by a Court Martial
for a breach of orders. The names of the Deputy Wagon
Master Generals appointed to the Direction of the Wagons
of the Divisions to be inserted in the Division Orders and
those of the Brigades in Brigade Orders, and those officers
to have recourse to the General Orders for the regulation
of their conduct.
For the future the Commissaries are to issue five ounces
of Soap for each man per week, and if it shall ever happen
that they have not Soap to issue, they are by no means to
give money in lieu of the Soap not drawn, but to reimburse
the commanding officers of regiments and Corps such sums
as they shall have expended for that article for the use of
their Regiments and Corps when not to be had at the Com-
missary's Store — but in such cases the officers will confine
themselves to the above allowance, and no soldier shall on
any pretence be permitted to sell his soap, and if detected
in doing so, he shall be severely punished. This ample
Orderly-Boole of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 47
allowance of Soap being made, the commanding officers of
Reo-imeiits and Corps will be answerable, that hence forward
their men appear decent and clean.
Ko officer having appeared before the Board of General
Officers to show cause why the abstracts cannot be made
out agreeable to the General Orders, it is expected that they
will be completed and delivered to the Paymaster General
by the time limited in the General Order of the 6th instant,
and hence forward the pay Abstracts are to be delivered
regularly to the Paymaster General on the first Monday of
every month for the month preceding.
The Hon'''^ the Continental Congress have been pleased
to appoint William Buchanan Esq. Commissary General
of Purchases, and Charles Stewart Esq. Commissary Gen-
eral of Issues of Provisions for the Armies of the United
States, Joseph Trumbull Esq. having declined serving in
these offices any longer. All the rations of the Army are
to be made up to the next Monday in order for a settlement
with the late Commissary General Trumbull, Mr. Bates
will attend the Army constantly until the wdiole are paid
off. He will take his Quarters as near as he can to Head
Quarters.
G. O. Head Quarters near Cross Egads, August 12, 1777.
The Commander in Chief is pleased to approve the fol-
lowing sentences of a General Court Martial held yesterday,
whereof Colonel Spencer was President, viz. Adam Close
of the Sixth Virginia Regiment charged with Desertion —
no witnesses appearing the Court ordered him to be sent
to his Regiment. Jno. Jones and Jno. Franklin of the
Fourteenth Virginia Regiment charged severally with de-
sertion; sentenced to receive each one hundred lashes on
his bare back, well laid on.
The Commander in Chief orders that the foregoing sen-
tences be put in execution immediately ; and that at all times
hence forward so soon as sentences of a Court are approved
and published in Orders, the officer whose duty it is shall
send for the prisoners and cause the sentences to be executed
4
48 Orderly-Booh of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
without delay, if the situation of the Army will possibly
admit.
The Major Generals are to consult their Brigadiers and
oflicers commanding Corps in their respective Divisions
and set up as many Armouries as are sufficient to keep the
arms of their respective Divisions in repair, and to see that
if necessary one or more traveling forges be provided to
effect this purpose in their Divisions. In making provision
for this business it may not be amiss to consult the Com-
missary General of Stores and Thomas Butler Continental
Armourer on the means proper for it. It is hoped that
each Division can furnish their own Armourers.
The General does in very strong terms request that the
Brigadiers will confine every Regimental Quarter Master
of their respective Brigades who neglect to have proper
. . . erected for the convenience of the men at any en-
campment of more than one night continuance, and who
does not cause all offixl to be buried — the neglect of this
in our encamjSment near Schuylkill Falls occasioned it to
become a public nuisance and a public reproach, to the
great discredit of the Army, which in fact is not less injured
in health than in reputation by such uncleanness and of-
fensive smells — these ... in a single line of encampment
always to be dug in the rear and regular, and not at the will
and pleasure of any Camp Colorman, many of whom have
placed them most indecently — they are also to be covered
with bowers and bushes when the places are marked out
by the Quarter Masters, — it is expected this order will be
invariably adhered to without repetition.
B. O.
A Brigade Guard — a Captain, a Subaltern, a Sergeant,
a Corporal and fifty men, to mount in future, wherever
the Brigade may be encamped, from which a chain of sen-
tries are to be posted at proper intervals for the security
of the Camp. A subaltern is to perform the visiting rounds
and the Field Officers of the Brigade. The Grand Rounds
are to see the sentries do their duty.
Orderly -Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 49
Any officer or soldier absent from camp after Tattoo not
being on necessary duty — if an officer to be reported by the
officer commanding the Guard in his morning report, and
if a sohlicr, he is to be contined, that the proper notice
may be taken in either case.
The Guard when the Brigade is upon a march, is always
to compose the Rear Guard and to encamp when the ground
will admit of it in the centre of the Brigade in front. The
officer commanding it is requested to consider it as a part
of his duty in conjunction with the Field officer of the
Day, to see that the Camp is kept clean and to confine aii}^
offender against the Brigade Order of 6th inst.
Regimental Order.
The Regiment to be paraded this afternoon at 5 o'clock,
and to exercise by double companies from that time to gun
firing — the Captains to make their men exercise by the beat
of the drum.
Walter Stewart, Colonel.
G. O. Head Quarters Cross Roads, August 13, 1777.
Major General, Greene; Brigadier, Muhlenberg.
Field Officers, Col. Patton ; Lieut. Col. Butler.
Brigade Major, Swain.
The Officers of the Day will consider the necessary guards
to be posted in this place, and attend to the order and dis-
cipline of the Camp agreeable to General Orders of June
5th. The General requests the Officers of the Day to dine
at Head Quarters as usual.
The Brigadiers or officers commanding Brigades are at
orderly time tomorrow to return a list of all absent officers
in their respective Corps to the Adjutant General. In doing
this the name and rank of all the officers are to l)e set forth,
how long they have been absent; whether they are upon
duty and what duty; or on furlough, and the length of
time for which it was granted. A strict compliance with
this order is expected.
The Quarter Masters and Wagon Masters General are
50 Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
now to arrange all matters in their respective Departments
in the best manner possible and be ready to move on the
shortest notice whatever route the Army may be called to
march.
The Board of General Officers held the 12th inst. to
examine the complaints made against Colonel John White
and other officers of the Georgia Battalion for enlisting
some men out of the Continental Army, who were already
enlisted in other regiments, report that upon the fullest
enquiry there does not appear the least imputation against
Colonel White, or against any of his officers, except in the
instance of Captain Lucas, who supposed himself author-
ized in the matter complained of by a General Order from
Major General Gates issued by the Town Major. All
officers from whose Corps it is suspected any men have
deserted and enlisted into Colonel White's Battalion are
instantly to make out lists of their names with proper
descriptions of their persons and dress and deliver them
to their Brigadiers or officers commanding their Brigades,
who will then immediately send a subaltern officer of the
Brigade to Philadelphia to examine Colonel White's Bat-
talion agreeably to his request; he will deliver up these
deserters, if any shall be found in his Corps. These officers
will at the same time apply to the officer commanding the
Galleys and other vessels of War at Pliiladelphia and below
the city for leave to search their vessels for deserters, and
they are desired to permit such searches accordingly.
Two sober, honest lads, who are to talk French, are to
be sent to Head Quarters this afternoon at 6 o'clock. Gen-
eral Muhlenberg will send one from his Brigade and General
Scott another, if to be found in their Brigades. One orderly
sergeant from each Brigade to Head Quarters forthwith.
I^- 0. Camp Cross Roads, August 13, 1777.
A Court of Inquiry to sit tomorrow morning whereof
Colonel Stephens is President, to examine into a complaint
made by Mr. Vanderslico, a Wagon Master, against Lieut.
Colonel Davis of the 5th Virginia Regiment, for striking
Orderly-Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 51
and abusing him ; the state of the matter to be reported at
large that his Excellency who orders this Court may judge
who is the aggressor.
General Muhlenberg is requested to order a Guard over
Mr. Miller's oats, to consist of a Sergeant and ten men.
The commanding officers of Regiments to make a return
of all the Armourers in their Regiments as soon as possible.
N. Greene, M. G.
B. O. Field Officers tomorrow, Lieut, Colonel Parker,
Lieut. Colonel Buford. Court of Liquiry, Major Nicholas,
Major Johnson. Colonel Stewart to parade tomorrow at
Troop Beating, one sergeant, one corporal, sixteen privates.
B. O. Camp Cross Eoads, August 14, 1777.
A return of tlie absent officers of the different Regiments
to be given in by Colonels this morning at 10 o'clock, in
doing which strict attention must be paid to the General
Orders of yesterday, respecting the occasion of their ab-
sence, how long, on what duty &c. The gentlemen officers
will also, in the forenoon, comply with the General Orders
which relates to Suttlers, and make their report as early as
possible.
Head Quarters
G. O. Camp Cross Roads, August 14, 1777.
Major General tomorrow, Lord Stirling; Brigadier,
Maxwell.
Field Officers, Colonel Cook, Lieut. Colonel Innes.
Brigade Major, Witherspoon.
A Board of General Officers not on duty to sit tomorrow
at 10 o'clock in the forenoon at General Greene's Quarters
for the purpose of settling the rank of all the Pennsylvania
Field Officers.
Advertiseiment.
Stolen from the stable at the Cross Roads a pair of Silver
mounted Pistols with screw-barrels. A handsome reward
will be given to any person who will deliver them to Major
52 Orderly -Book of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
NichoUis of the 10th Virghiia Regiment, and no questions
asked.
Lieut. Colonel Heath of the 3rd Virginia Regiment had
a horse stolen from him while the Army lay at the Clove.
When the Army came to Coryell's Ferry, the horse was
found in the hands of one Jones Ingomar where he was
left by John Cummins and Patrick McGovack, said to have
been Sutlers to the North Carolina troops. The horse was
much abused and much disfigured. Commanding officers
of Corps are desired to make inquiry in their Corps for the
said Cummins and McGovack, that they may he brought to
condign punishment, or if innocent that by their means the
villain may be found out.
B. O. Camp Cross Roads, August 15, 1777.
The Regimental Quarter Masters to make returns this
day of such public stores as are in their possession to Lau-
rence Trent, who is appointed Quarter Master of the Brigade.
They will also make returns of the wagons belonging to
their Regiments, that if there he any deficiency they may
be supplied. The Wagon Masters of the Brigade will make
him a return of the public horses in their regiments, and
let him know if any are wanting for the Brigade. Any-
thing wanting in the future for either of those Departments
must be immediately communicated to him, and it is ex-
pected nothing will be left undone that may forward our
marches when ordered. Mr. Trent will see to procure straw
for any Regiments who are not supplied, and send their
wagons immediately for it.
Eegimental Orders, Cross Roads, August 15, 1777.
It is with great concern that the Colonel sees his Regiment
appear on the Parade so very dirty. He must look upon
this as in a great measure owing to the negligence of the
officers commanding companies, by not paying attention to
the cleanliness of their men. Cleanliness is the first means
to keep men healthy — that when the men get into the habit,
there will be less trouble to the officers, otherwise it will
Orderly-Booh of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot. 53
reflect on them and the appearance of their companies, and
on the Colonel. The Colonel therefore requests the Cap-
tains and their ofiicers will immediately examine into the
dress and appearance of their men every day, and have such
as appear dirty severely punished; he desires that the Cap-
tains divide their companies into squads, and give each of
their sergeants the command and care of these squads, who
is to be accountable for their cleanliness. It is my express
order for the future, that no man appears on ye parade for
guard without his uniform, close shaved, hands and face
well washed and his hair powdered. Any soldier who in
the future appears otherwise, must be immediately confined
by the Sergeant-Major until the guard is relieved, when the
oflicer of the main guard is to bring him to the front of the
Regiment, attended by the guard, and he is to receive twenty
lashes on his bare back.
"Walter Stewart,
Colonel.
Gr. 0. Head Quarteks, Cross Roads, August 15, 1777.
Major General tomorrow, Stevens ; Brigadier, Woodford.
Field Ofiicers, Lieut. Colonels Conner and Heath.
Brigade Major, Day.
Detail, Col. Stewart, 1 s, 1 s, 18 p.
B. O. Field Oflicer for the Brigade tomorrow, Major
Murray.
B. O. Cross Eoads, August 16, 1777.
The tents are to be struck at 10 o'clock and the encamp-
ments of the different regiments properly cleaned up, that
the Wind and Sun may dry the ground. Regimental
Quarter Masters will attend to this order and see that their
encampments are clean and the tents pitched again in regu-
lar order in the afternoon. JSTo bushes or fllth of any kind
must be left on the ground, either in the front or rear of
the tents. The guards in future to parade in front of the
Camp.
54 Orderly-Booh of the Pennsylvania State Regiment of Foot.
Eegimental Ordebs, Cross Roads, August 16, 1777.
A return to be made out by each Captain or officer com-
manding a company, of the number of men enlisted in their
companies during the War, with the names of said men, to
be delivered to the Adjutant immediately. No drums of
the regiment to be beat in camp at any time, without the
liberty of the commanding officer of the regiment. If fair
weather the men are to be paraded tomorrow morning at
five o'clock for exercise.
Walter Stewart,
Colonel.
ORDERLY-BOOK
PENNSYLVANIA ^TE REGIMENT
OF FOOT
MAY 10 TO AUGUvST 16, 1777
BY
JOHN W. JORDAN
RKPRIXTED FROM
THE PENNSYI-VANIA MAGAZINE OF HISTOKY AND BIOGKAPHY
APRIL. .lUXiY, OCTOBER, JANUARY. 1898
PHILADELPHIA
1898
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